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Brian Poole (Barking (Londen), 3 november 1941) is een Engelse zanger. Hij was tot eind 1965 de voorman van de popgroep Brian Poole and The Tremeloes.
Carrière tot 1966
Brian Poole, Alan Blakley (gitaar) en Alan Howard (basgitaar) kenden elkaar van de middelbare school, Park Modern Secondary School in Barking. In 1958 vormden zij een popgroep, The Tremeloes. Rick West (gitaar) en Dave Munden (drums) kwamen er later bij.
Ze traden al enkele jaren op, toen ze hun grote kans kregen met een auditie bij Decca op 1 januari 1962. Zij kregen een platencontract; The Beatles, die op dezelfde dag auditie deden, werden afgewezen. Een van de factoren bij de keus voor The Tremeloes was dat ze net als Decca hun basis hadden in Londen. Dat maakte de communicatie met hen wat makkelijker dan bij de in Liverpool gevestigde Beatles.
Op verzoek van Decca veranderden ze hun naam in Brian Poole and the Tremeloes. Veel popgroepen uit die tijd hadden een duidelijke voorman, zoals bijvoorbeeld Cliff Richard and The Shadows en Johnny Kidd and the Pirates.
De groep moest wachten tot 1963 voor hun single Twist and shout hun eerste hit werd met een vierde plaats in de UK Singles Chart. De groep had zich inmiddels aangepast aan de nieuwste muziekstijl, de Merseybeat, ironisch genoeg geïntroduceerd door The Beatles. Twist and shout was al een bekend nummer dankzij The Beatles, die het hadden opgenomen voor hun debuutalbum Please Please Me.
Hun volgende plaat, Do you love me, haalde de eerste plaats in de UK Singles Chart. Ook daarna kwam de groep nog een paar maal terug in de Britse hitparade, met als grootste successen Candy man en Someone, someone.
In de Verenigde Staten had de groep geen succes, in Nederland evenmin.
Eind 1965 besloot Brian Poole de groep te verlaten en een solocarrière te beginnen.
Carrière vanaf 1966
De Britse muziekpers verwachtte dat Brian Poole een succesvolle solocarrière tegemoet ging, terwijl The Tremeloes in de vergetelheid zouden raken. Het omgekeerde gebeurde. De platen van Brian Poole deden niets, terwijl veel platen van The Tremeloes grote hits werden. Poole nam een paar soloplaten op en in 1969 twee platen met een groep genaamd The Seychelles.
Na enkele jaren stopte hij met zingen en nam hij de slagerij van zijn vader over. Hij gaf de muziekwereld echter niet helemaal op. In 1983 begon hij een eigen platenmerk, Outlook Records, dat echter maar een handjevol platen produceerde, waaronder een eigen versie van Do you love me met een groep genaamd Tramline.
In 1988 vormde hij een gelegenheidsformatie met Reg Presley van The Troggs, Mike Pender (ex-Searchers), Tony Crane van The Merseybeats en Clem Curtis (ex-Foundations). Ze noemden zich The Corporation of ook wel The Travelling Wrinklies, als antwoord op The Traveling Wilburys. Ze brachten één plaat uit: Ain't nothing but a houseparty, een oude hit van de Amerikaanse groep The Showstoppers uit 1967.
Sindsdien treedt hij regelmatig op in het nostalgiecircuit met zijn band The Electrix, samen met artiesten als Gerry Marsden, P.J. Proby, Peter Noone, The Searchers en The Fortunes. Hij heeft ook opgetreden met (de nieuwe bezetting van) zijn vroegere band The Tremeloes.
Familie
Brian Poole is sind | [
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Journal of Public Health and Nutrition
Review Article - Journal of Public Health and Nutrition (2019) Volume 2, Issue 2
Post-traumatic stress disorder: Definition, contexts, neural correlations and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Giulio Perrotta*
Department of Criminal and Investigative Psychology Studies, University of Federiciana, Cosenza, Italy
Corresponding Author:
Giulio Perrotta
Department of Criminal and Investigative Psychology Studies
University of Fedriciana Unifede, Italy
Citation: Perrotta G. Post-traumatic stress disorder: Definition, contexts, neural correlations and cognitive-behavioral therapy. J pub health catalog. 2019;2(2):40-7.
Visit for more related articles at Journal of Public Health and Nutrition
Starting from the definition of "post-traumatic stress disorder", as defined in the DSM-V and in the previous version, we proceed to define the clinical contexts and the neural correlates, to conclude with the most functional psychotherapeutic techniques to solve the problems related to psychopathology analyzed.
Psychology, Neuroscience, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Frontal cortex, Amygdala.
Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric disorder that was recognized as a distinct nosological entity in the 1900s. It is a disorder that generally develops after a particularly traumatic event, a fact that has endangered the health and physical or mental integrity of the subject. It is characterized by particularly disabling symptoms, such as very intense and frequent anxiety, drop in mood, thoughts, images or intrusive memories of the traumatic event and often a very intense emotional experience, as if you were reliving the traumatic episode. Although descriptions of post-traumatic stress disorder are found even in classical texts such as Homer's Iliad, the systematic study of this disorder began only during the First World War and is only with the war in Vietnam, where very high rates were recorded of PTSD in American soldiers, that the disorder began to be known and to become a topic of public debate. It was only after the introduction of the DSM-III in 1980 that post-traumatic stress disorder was officially introduced and recognized.
Post-traumatic stress disorder can manifest itself in different ways but the main feature is the development of a series of anxiety-depressive symptoms following a traumatic event. In some patients symptoms related to fear, avoidance and anxiety prevail, in others a drop in mood and anhedonia is observed, others can show dissociative symptoms, although a combination of these symptoms is often observed in patients suffering from PTSD.
The symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder can be classified into:
Intrusive symptoms (intrusion) associated with the event such as:
• Recurrent, involuntary unpleasant memories of the traumatic event;
• Recurrent unpleasant dreams in which the content and / or emotions of the dream are connected to the traumatic event;
• Flashbacks in which the subject feels or acts as if the traumatic event were recurring.
• Marked reactivity (psychophysiological hyperactivation) associated with the traumatic event:
• Hypervigilance and strong alarm responses;
• Concentration problems;
• difficulties related to sleep;
• Marked physiological reactions to internal or external triggers than to the traumatic event.
Persistent avoidance (avoidance) of the stimuli associated with the traumatic event:
• Avoidance or attempts to avoid unpleasant memories, thoughts or feelings relating to or closely associated with the traumatic event;
• Avoidance or attempts to avoid external factors (people, places, conversations, activities, objects, situations) that arouse unpleasant memories, thoughts or feelings relating to or closely associated with the traumatic event.
Negative alterations of thoughts and emotions associated with the traumatic event:
• Inability to recall any important aspect of the traumatic event;
• Persistent and exaggerated convictions or negative expectations relating to oneself, to others or to the world (e.g., I am bad, nobody can be trusted, the world is absolutely | [
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dangerous);
• Persistent negative emotional state (e.g., fear, horror, anger, guilt or shame).
All these symptoms can be particularly disturbing and significantly worsen the subjects' quality of life. This is why it is important to deal with the traumatic event within a psychotherapeutic setting.
However, it should be remembered that not all traumatic life events lead to the development of a post-traumatic stress disorder. It is common that traumatic events naturally provoke a form of psychological distress but, in many cases (in about 70-80% of cases), these symptoms tend to resolve spontaneously over time. However, when these symptoms do not resolve, they occur very intensely for a prolonged period (the DSM-5 defines a month as the minimum period to be able to diagnose PTSD) then we are faced with a disorder and as such should be recognized and addressed thanks also to the help of a professional who facilitates the natural processing of the traumatic event. Moreover, in these years, the concept of "micro-traumas" is spreading in clinical psychology and psychiatry. So not only a serious or catastrophic event can cause a PTSD, but also the presence of multiple small stressful or adverse events (for example mobbing) can lead to developing the same symptoms of a single larger and more relevant PTSD. For this reason it is important to promptly deal with situations of psychological distress, through appropriate psychotherapeutic strategies, to favor a rapid processing of the trauma.
In order to diagnose post-traumatic stress disorder, the DSM-IVTR (now replaced by the DSM-V), the Statistical and Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders, usually distinguished PTSD patients in three categories, based on their type of involvement in the critical event that caused the disorder:
• Primary, direct victims who have personally suffered the traumatic event;
• Secondary, direct witnesses to the event, or relatives of primary victims (for example, in the case of a death);
• Tertiary, emergency personnel (voluntary or professional) who work with primary or secondary victims
The DSM-V proposes instead the criteria that guide the modern clinician in the diagnostic process. The DSM-V criteria for PTSD concern adults and adolescents as well as children over six years. Under six years the diagnostic criteria change. The DSM-V criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder are:
Being exposed to a traumatic event that has endangered your life, or a serious injury or sexual abuse in one of the following ways:
• Having a direct traumatic experience;
• Having witnessed someone else's traumatic experience;
• Being aware of a traumatic event happened to a family member or friend;
• Being exposed repeatedly or in an extreme way to unpleasant details of a traumatic event (this criterion does not apply to events or details known through television, newspapers or other media).
The presence of one or more of the following intrusive symptoms:
• Recurrent, involuntary and intrusive disturbing memories of the traumatic event;
• Recurrent nightmares in which the content is linked to the trauma;
• Dissociative reactions (such as flashbacks) that lead the subject to feel and behave as if they were reliving the trauma;
• Intense and prolonged states of psychological distress that are triggered by internal or external stimuli (for example feeling a particular odor) that are linked to the trauma;
• Marked physiological reactions that are activated by internal or external stimuli connected to the trauma.
Constant avoidance of stimuli associated with traumatic events. This avoidance must be initiated following the traumatic event and can be of two types:
• Avoidance or efforts to avoid memories, thoughts or feelings related to the traumatic event;
• Avoidance or efforts to avoid people, places, conversations, activities, objects and situations that recall the traumatic event and trigger unpleasant thoughts, memories and feelings.
Changes in thought or mood that begin or worsen following the traumatic event. To satisfy the criterion at least two symptoms among these are necessary:
• Inability to remember an important aspect of the trauma;
• Exaggeratedly negative and persistent thoughts and beliefs that affect themselves, others and the world;
• Persistent distorted knowledge of the causes and | [
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consequences of the traumatic event that lead the individual to blame himself for the incident;
• A persistent negative emotional state (e.g. constant feeling of guilt, shame, anxiety, terror);
• Marked decrease in interests and participation in daily activities;
• Feeling of detachment or alienation from others;
• Persistent inability to feel positive emotions.
Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event that begin or worsen after the traumatic event. At least two of the following symptoms are required:
• Irritable mood and anger shots expressed with verbal or physical aggression towards objects or people;
• Reckless or self-destructive behavior;
• Hyper vigilance;
• Exaggerated startle reactions;
• Sleep disorders.
All the criteria must have been present for at least one month. The disorder must cause significant social disadvantage or disability in the workplace, in other important areas of functioning. The disorder is not attributable to the use of substances or drugs or other medical condition.
Furthermore, the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder can be better specified if "depersonalization" is present (the constant feeling of not being in contact with oneself, as if one were looking at from outside, e.g,. having an altered sense of self or own body) and "derealization" (the feeling of unreality of the surrounding world, as if what is perceived were unreal, distant or distorted). Post-traumatic stress disorder is comorbid with anxiety disorders, mood disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and personality disorders.
The Neural correlates in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
More and more often we hear of trauma especially in relation to many of the natural disasters that have recently been upsetting different parts of the world (earthquakes, floods, etc.) or even in reference to the growing episodes of physical and psychological violence (terrorist attacks, sexual abuse, bullying). But what does the word "trauma" mean? It literally indicates a "wound" that in a broad sense can concern both our body and our mind. If a wound on the skin progressively tends to heal due to specific cells, the psychological wound caused by a highly stressful event (or perceived as such) could remain open and become a chasm difficult to heal. The perception of risk and the impact that these experiences have on the well-being of the individual suffer from individual variability; it is mainly determined by the cognitive, emotional and behavioral resources available to each individual, as well as by his social resources. Suppose you survived a car accident or were a victim of neglect by one of our caregivers during childhood. Some conditions, if present, could make us more resilient, or put us in a position to react positively to unfavorable events: good self-esteem, adequate problem-solving skills, good cognitive flexibility, adequate communication skills and a supportive social network. On the other hand, the traumatic experience could strongly condition our whole existence and evolve into a real symptomatic picture: Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Intrusive memories represent a key symptom of PTSD that emerges early after exposure to a trauma, predicting its evolution [1]. The act of remembering is not always the result of a conscious attempt; many memories resurface in the mind triggered by activating stimuli present in the external or internal environment. And so while we are on the road we can feel a perfume that can make us remember the memory of a person, or experience an emotional state of sadness can bring to awareness one or more unpleasant memories of our past. According to some researchers, after the traumatic event, people can repeatedly make sense-perceptive experiences of the episode without a deliberate and conscious attempt to recall; they typically have the form of visual images but also of sounds, smells, bodily and tactile sensations of such intensity as to generate painful emotions [2].
Due to their strong destabilizing and predictive power of psychopathology, intrusive memories have been the subject of multiple studies and considered as potential intervention goals [2]. In the scientific field, the main experimental paradigm that has been, and still is, used to study intrusive memories involves the vision of stressful / potentially traumatic events that are powerful enough to induce intrus | [
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ive memories in everyday life for several days [3]. On the basis of one of the most recent researches, in some individuals there would be specific brain circuits able to be reactivated following exposure to traumatic experiences experienced by the individual during the course of his life. These circuits once reactivated would be responsible for the intrusive and automatic memory of past traumatic episodes. It is precisely this neural sensitivity that scholars believe could explain the different individual vulnerability to the development of PTSD. In their study to 53 women (in good health) it was required to view films concerning episodes of violence and neutral films: the participants subjected to the vision of violent scenes reported annoying intrusive memories during the following days. Brain activity records confirmed the hypothesis of the involvement of some brain regions in predicting the appearance of intrusive memories of the traumatic event. More specifically, they would be the same brain areas involved in the storage of memories and emotional processing: amygdala, anterior insula, anterior dorsal and rostral cingulate cortex, and hippocampus. Furthermore, the predictive effect of this activation concerned only the participants who reported more than five traumatic events in their lives (accidents, assaults, physical and sexual abuse or natural disasters); in the participants reporting from few or even no traumatic episodes no relationship was recorded.
According to the authors of the study, this experimental evidence opens the door to the possibility of preventing the development of PTSD in subjects considered at risk for two reasons: the sensitivity of specific brain regions together with exposure to repeated traumatic events during the course of life [4].
Rumination is defined as a repetitive, negative, cyclical and self-referential mode of thinking referring to unsolved personal problems of the past, which is activated in the absence of related environmental stimuli. Specifically, rumination is described as an unpleasant, costly, useless and sometimes self-destructive form of thinking that begins with the intention of finding a solution to a problem, but then fixes itself on the dysfunctional and repetitive evaluation of the latter [5].
What characterizes rumination is the presence of an abstract style that involves asking questions that do not find an answer: "Why did it happen to me? Why do I react in this way to situations? "Rumination has always been uniquely associated with depression, taking the name of Depressive Rumination (RD) [6,7].
More recent research, however, has suggested that rumination is a transdiagnostic factor (a mechanism associated with multiple psychiatric disorders) that extends to other mood disorders, anxiety disorders and trauma-related disorders, characterized by a modality of uncontrollable and repetitive thinking [8-10].
Regarding this last group of disorders, a study conducted by Michael and collaborators in 2007 showed a positive correlation between Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the tendency to rumination [11]. Furthermore, the tendency to rumination prior to the traumatic event appears to be associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, thus acting as a vulnerability [12], while rumination appears after experience of a traumatic event is associated with the severity of PTSD symptoms [13-15]. These results seem to suggest that rumination may be a possible facilitating factor in the development and maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder [16]. To confirm this hypothesis, Ehlers and Clark, in their cognitive model of post-traumatic stress disorder, have incorporated rumination interpreted as an avoidant coping strategy [17].
This model describes rumination as a maladaptive cognitive strategy because, on the one hand, it destroys the ability to process traumatic memory in a functional way and, on the other, it interferes with the possibility of modifying the thought inherent in trauma due to the continuous repetition of negative evaluations of the same. Rumination induces the individual to focus thought on "irrelevant" negative information instead of memory related to the traumatic event, thus preventing him from engaging in a functional cognitive and emotional elaboration of the event. This contributes to the implementation of avoidance behaviors associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and provides internal triggers that stimulate the intrusive memories of the traumatic event [17].
In healthy subjects, rumination involves a wide range of cognitive and affective processes, underlying the activation of various brain areas (mainly the | [
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mesial cortical structures), which include attention, self-referential processes (focused on self) and recall of autobiographical memories [18]. Studies using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) have identified that the brain areas involved in rumination are the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC), the Medial Prefrontal Cortex (MPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) [18,19].
A study conducted in 2009 by Kross et al. showed that rumination in healthy subjects is associated with the increase in ACC and DLPFC activity compared to event acceptance. Vanderhasselt and collaborators in 2011, during an emotional inhibition task in fMRI, showed a positive correlation between the level of DLPFC activation and the intensity of rumination [20]. The same research group in 2013, during a cognitive control task in healthy subjects in fMRI, showed a positive association between the intensity of rumination and the activation of the posterior part of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (pdACC) [21].
The only study to date that has investigated the neural correlates of PTSD rumination is that conducted by Buchholz and collaborates in 2016 [22]. The study hypothesis considered rumination in post-traumatic stress disorder similar to that in healthy subjects and in depressed patients, in terms of brain activity patterns. Therefore, a positive correlation between rumination levels and activation of the ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (vmPFC), the ACC and the DLPFC in the experimental disorder sample was hypothesized, in the light of the research of Vanderhasselt et al. [20]. 39 right-handed women aged between 18 and 55 were recruited with an average school attendance of 15.37 years who were diagnosed with PTSD, according to the DSM-IV TR diagnostic criteria [23]. Only those participants who received a score greater than or equal to 45 [24] were included in the study at the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale test [25] in addition to the diagnosis made with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV [26]. The age of participants in the onset of the trauma ranged from 5 to 47 years, 74.4% had childhood abuse, and 76.9% had chronic trauma. The presence of rumination was investigated using the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire [27]. Functional imaging data were acquired using a Siemens 3T TrioTim MRI scanner (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). During the fMRI scans, the participants were subjected to an emotional interference test in which they were asked to ignore or pay attention to a series of images of frightened faces [28].
The results of the study showed a positive correlation between the RTS test score and the increase in activity in the right lower orbitofrontal cortex. This data is therefore in agreement with the activation of vmPFC observed by Vanderhasselt et al. [20]. However, this study did not find a corresponding activation of the ACC. Since the activation of the ACC is associated with the voluntary inhibition of negative emotions, the authors concluded that, unlike healthy subjects, patients with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder have a deficit of emotional inhibition associated with the tendency to rumination.
In conclusion, although the studies on rumination as a transdiagnostic factor are only in its infancy, the results seem to suggest that this process is a factor of vulnerability for the development of a series of psychopathological disorders, such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The intensity of rumination, among the symptomatological peculiarities of this disorder, is in fact correlated with the activation of areas typically involved in the processing of emotions, such as the orbitofrontalventromedial cortex, and the deactivation of areas typically implicated in the voluntary control of emotions, like the anterior cingulate cortex.
The brain areas, which appear to be activated in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder or as a response to environmental threats, have in common the fact of mediating the different aspects of memory and visual spatial processing processes. The medial prefrontal cortex is composed of other connected areas including the orbitofrontal cortex | [
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, the anterior cingulate (subcallosa area) and anterior prefrontal cortex. The dopaminergic system of the medial prefrontal area is one of the most sensitive brain areas in dealing with even the slightest stresses. In fact, injuries in this area cause a lower cortisol release as well as a lower response to stress from the sympathetic nervous system. This area also plays a role in inhibiting amygdala inputs that mediate the extinction of a response connected to fear. Animals with lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex are in fact unable to extinguish fear responses after being subjected to fear conditioning processes.
These results have therefore suggested that dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex may play an important role in the coding of those "pathological" emotions determined by exposure to extreme stress factors such as child sexual abuse. The other areas interconnected with the medial prefrontal cortex play an important role in stress response. The amygdala is fundamental in those conditions of response to fear; Declarative memory functions of the hippocampus are important in accurately identifying the threat signal during stressful situations.
The hippocampus is involved in fear responses in the context of stressful situations and stress, where it causes damage to the hippocampal neuronal circuits, is also associated with memory deficits. The motor, parietal, anterior cingulate cortex, and the cerebellum are in fact correlated to the anterolateral prefrontal cortex, with the task of mediating the visuospatial processes that are fundamental for survival in life-threatening situations. The excessive vigilance observed in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder can be associated with an increase in the "demands" of those brain areas involved in visuospatial processing and memory functioning, as well as in planning the response to potentially threatening stimuli. Neuroimaging studies have indeed shown abnormalities in memory-related brain areas in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Many of these studies have found in war veterans, the presence of a post-traumatic stress disorder related to a lower hippocampal volume compared to healthy control subjects. By means of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) a decrease in metabolic activity in the temporal and prefrontal cortex was observed in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder related to the experience of war, and in the parietal cortex in those subjects with disorder post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbidity with substance dependence. The pharmacological uptake of "Yohimbine", an alkaloid with stimulating effects on the central nervous system and with a psychoactive action determining altered responses such as anxiety and manic reactions, has led to a relative failure of activation of the orbitofrontal cortex in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder compared to control subjects, as well as different functional responses in the prefrontal, parietal and temporal cortex.
These results are consistent and consistent with an increase in the noradrenergic response to Yohimbine in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. Exposure of patients with this traumatic script disorder also results in increased blood flow in the limbic regions (insula, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate), and a decrease in blood flow in the left inferior frontal and central temporal cortex, as measured by PET. Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder also report an increase in blood flow in the motor cortex, inferior parietal cortex, posterior cingulate, lingual gyrus (posterior paraippocampal gyrus) and a decrease in blood flow in the central temporal gyrus. Studies on subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder related to abuse have shown the presence of a lower hippocampal volume compared to healthy subjects.
The purpose of this study was therefore to use PET in examining the neural correlates of memories and memories of childhood sexual abuse. Women with a history of this kind listened to autobiographical scripts regarding the traumatic experience, and the blood supply to the brain was compared in women with and without post-traumatic stress disorder. Based on the results presented above, the authors hypothesized that exposure to trauma such as sexual abuse in women with and without post-traumatic stress disorder would lead to group differences in the patterns of activation of the medial prefrontal | [
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cortex, posterior cingulate, motor and parietal cortex, hippocampus and adjacent cortex.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Resolution Techniques
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder can be tackled clinically in more ways than one, since it falls into the general category of Anxiety Disorders for which cognitive behavioral psychotherapy has developed multiple widely effective means. The purpose of cognitive-behavioral therapy is to help the subject to identify and control negative thoughts and beliefs, identifying the logical errors contained in the beliefs, the most functional and advantageous alternatives of thought and behavior in relation to the traumatic event experienced. Some techniques used are:
Exposure: For reducing avoidance situations. The subject is invited to relive the event in his own imagination and to tell it to the therapist. The exposure procedure has the objective of allowing the patient to perceive and assess in a "controlled" way the object of his fear. This method, if gradual, allows the patient to regain possession of those social and daily functions that he has lost due to significant avoidance due to acute symptoms of anxiety and anticipatory anxiety syndrome. The meaning of these procedures must be well explained in planning and carrying out the expositions and therefore seeking the full cooperation of the patient and possibly of one of his relatives.
Re-labeling of somatic sensations: The concrete discussion on the nature of different sensations favors a categorization and a more realistic adherence to a model of anxiety symptoms as effects of stress syndrome. The possibility of discussing with the patient the causes of the single symptoms, with possible examples also calibrated on the common experiences of daily life has the function of normalizing and "decatastrophilizing" the subjective condition of the patient.
Abdominal relaxation and breathing: Relaxation techniques and respiratory education is an "under control" tool for the patient, who can use them daily and independently to relieve tension and stress.
Cognitive restructuring: The subject can be helped to recognize his own automatic and spontaneous thoughts linked to the traumatic event, thoughts that are often intrusive, rapid and instantaneous. Training in perceiving one's thoughts and attitudes is very important as through in this procedure the patient becomes aware of how he actually changes his emotional state. From this ability also derives the subsequent work of revision and modification of the general assumptions. Through this work the subject can modify his own schemes in favor of more realistic, adaptive and concrete alternative explanations. An important role is represented by the work with family members (or with a family member) through which it is possible not only to obtain the collaboration for any direct involvement in live exhibition procedures, as explained above, but it is also useful to have a collaboration in managing relationships at home.
EMDR: desensitization and reprocessing through eye movements (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a new technique developed by F. Shapiro in 1989 [29]. It is based on the discovery that some external stimuli can be particularly effective in overcoming a severe trauma. In particular, the execution of some eye movements by the patient during the re-enactment of the event allows resuming or accelerating the processing of information related to the trauma. EMDR (from the English Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Desensitization and reprocessing through eye movements) is a therapeutic approach used to treat trauma and problems related to stress, especially traumatic stress. EMDR focuses on the memory of the traumatic experience and is a complete methodology that uses eye movements or other forms of alternating right / left stimulation to treat disorders directly related to emotional or particularly stressful traumatic experiences. After one or more EMDR sessions, the disturbing memories related to the traumatic event have desensitization; they lose their negative emotional charge. The change is very rapid, regardless of the years that have passed since the event. The image changes in the contents and in the way it is presented, intrusive thoughts generally muffle or disappear, becoming more adaptive from a therapeutic point of view and physical emotions and sensations are reduced in intensity. The elaboration of the traumatic experience that occurs with EMDR allows the patient, through desensitization and the cognitive restructuring that takes place, to change perspective, changing the cognitive assessments about himself; incorporating emotions appropriate to the situation as well as eliminating physical reactions. This ultimately allows for more adaptive behavior. From the clinical and | [
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diagnostic point of view, after a treatment with EMDR the patient no longer presents the typical symptomatology of posttraumatic stress disorder, therefore the aspects of intrusiveness of thoughts and memories, avoidance behaviors and iperarousal neurovegetativo against stimuli related to the event, perceived as a danger. Another significant change is the fact that the patient better discriminates the real dangers from the imaginary dangers conditioned by anxiety. We really feel that the memory of the traumatic experience is part of the past and therefore is experienced in a detached way. Patients in general report that, thinking back on the event, they see it as a "distant memory", no longer disturbing or emotionally pregnant. After EMDR, the patient remembers the event but the content is fully integrated into a more adaptive perspective. The experience is used constructively by the individual and is integrated into a positive cognitive and emotional pattern. That is, the patient makes the connections of appropriate associations, what is useful is learned and stored with the corresponding emotion and is available for future use. The EMDR approach, adopted by an ever increasing number of psychotherapists worldwide, is based on the model of adaptive information processing (AIP). According to the AIP, the traumatic event experienced by the subject is stored in memory together with the disturbing emotions, perceptions, cognitions and physical sensations that characterized that moment. All this information stored in a dysfunctional manner remains "frozen" within neural networks and unable to connect with other networks with useful information. The information "frozen" and enclosed in neural networks, not being able to be processed, continue to cause discomfort in the subject, leading to the onset of diseases such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological disorders. The scars of the most painful events, in fact, do not easily disappear from the brain: many people continue after decades to suffer from symptoms that affect their well-being and prevent them from resuming a new life. The goal of EMDR is to restore the natural process of processing information in memory to reach an adaptive resolution through the creation of new, more functional connections. Once this is done, the patient can see the disturbing event and himself from a new perspective. EMDR considers all aspects of a stressful or traumatic experience, both cognitive and emotional as well as behavioral and neurophysiological ones. Using a structured protocol the therapist guides the patient in describing the traumatic event, helping him to choose the important disturbing elements. At the end of the EMDR session, when the re-elaboration process has reached the adaptive resolution, the experience is used constructively by the person and is integrated into a positive cognitive and emotional scheme. Through treatment with EMDR it is therefore possible to alleviate emotional suffering, allow the reformulation of negative beliefs and reduce the patient's physiological arousal. This approach is also effective with patients who have difficulty verbalizing the traumatic event they have experienced. The EMDR, in fact, uses techniques that can provide the patient with greater control towards the experiences of exposure (since it is not based on verbal interventions), and that can help him in the regulation and management of the intense emotions that could arise during the phase of processing. In the thirty years since its discovery, by American researcher Francine Shapiro, EMDR has received more scientific confirmation than any other method used in the treatment of trauma. Today it is recognized as an evidence-based method for the treatment of post-traumatic disorders, approved, among others, by the American Psychological Association, by the American Psychiatric Association, by the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies and by our Ministry of Health in 2003. The World Health Organization, in August 2013 [30], recognized EMDR as an effective treatment for the treatment of trauma and related disorders. The efficacy of EMDR has been demonstrated in all types of trauma, both for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and minor trauma. Recent research shows that, through the use of EMDR, people can benefit from the effects of psychotherapy that would once have taken years to make a difference. Indeed, some research has shown that between 84% and 90% of patients reporting a single traumatic event no longer showed symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder after only 3 EMDR sessions of 90 minutes each. The efficacy of EMDR in | [
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the treatment of PTSD is now widely recognized and documented, but currently EMDR is a therapeutic approach widely used also for the treatment of various psychological pathologies and disorders. Given the importance that traumatic events (whether they are single or cumulative and relational traumas) play in the development of different pathologies, it becomes important to address them through an approach that takes into account and manages to intervene on the traumatic origin of these disorders. Research concerning EMDR is one of the first in which the neurobiological changes that occur during each psychotherapy session were highlighted, making EMDR the first psychotherapeutic treatment with proven neurobiological efficacy. The findings in this field confirm the association between the clinical results of this therapy and some changes in brain structures and functioning.
Homework: another important aspect is that of the procedures to be implemented between sessions, the so-called "homework" or homework's. It is useful to insist on the need to implement the tasks as very often the planned work has a precise meaning and its result is necessary for the continuity of the treatment. The specific tasks are designed in collaboration with the patient and consist frequently in diaries of recording of target elements, or self-monitoring diaries, or in analysis sheets of the cognitions associated with the events.
NET (Narrative exposure therapy): it's a treatment for post traumatic disorders, useful for those who have suffered severe or complex traumas. NET is based on the theory of the double traumatic representation of the memories of Elbert and Schauer. NET is useful for contextualizing and integrating the elements of the fear network, the sensorial, emotional and cognitive memories connected to the trauma, in order to rework the memory of a traumatic event by inserting it in the path of a person's life. Through the NET, the patient, with the help of the therapist, reconstructs the chronological narration of his life story, with particular attention to traumatic experiences. The patient is encouraged to reconstruct his life path and face the emotions related to the trauma. This facilitates the integration of autobiographical memories with emotional memory. The NET allows a reflection on the life of the person as a whole, promotes the restructuring of the sense of personal identity. Working through autobiography, it helps to recognize the meaning of emotional networks related to trauma, facilitates the integration and understanding of patterns and behavioral patterns that have evolved during development. NET helps to regain the dignity and satisfaction of the need for recognition of pain after a traumatic event.
"It makes our neighbours and people that we share with love and respect our family and makes them very friendly towards us and our children" (Interviewee 19, Female, Muslim)
In tandem with the views of females, the Christian and Muslim males view meal sharing as a way of building relationship with others. Meal sharing provides the platform for oneness and for bridging the gap between the family and its extended relations, and neighbours. Dinning with others create a sense of belongingness and act as a forum for supporting and sharing ideas with others. It is a way of propagating affection and a sense of peaceful co-existence with people in the community, particularly neighbours. Many argued that, sharing meal helps one understand the problems faced by members of his/her family, neighbours, and people in the community. This, they argued is triggered by religious beliefs, which mandate individuals to share especially with the less privileged in society.
Trauma-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TCC) helps patients identify and modify distorted patterns of thought about themselves, the traumatic event and the world, also teaching them to manage anxiety and negative emotions, for the purpose to reduce the persistent symptoms of hyper-arousal that present survivors.
Trauma-centered TCC protocols particularly emphasize exposure interventions. The exposure carried out on people who have suffered a trauma is based on two principles: habituation and information processing. The therapeutic benefits obtained with TCC are mainly due to the activation of fear networks during protocols of prolonged exposure. It has been suggested, in fact, that the reworking of the traumatic experience requires a prolonged activation of the mental representations associated with the traumatic memory, to allow the habit of anxiety and the change of the beliefs associated with the trauma. This is consistent with the observation that PTSD symptoms are also due to a lack of access to traumatic memories. | [
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The efficacy of TCC protocols in the treatment of PTSD in victims with a history of sexual abuse has been demonstrated, supporting the hypothesis that this treatment produces a significant reduction in the symptomatological pattern even in people with complex traumatic histories. Furthermore, trauma-centered TCC has produced effects comparable to those obtained with the use of the EMDR technique.
The author declares no competing interests.
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Astrology and Astronomy in Buddhism
Star map from Dunhuang
As we discussed in an earlier post, Buddhist Sorcery and Astrology in East Asia, astrology formed a key component in East Asian Buddhism alongside sorcery and other occult practices such as rain summoning. Here I want to take a closer look at the details and significance of astrology in Buddhism and in particular in East Asia.
The Chinese Buddhist canon in this respect is valuable as the chronological introduction of Buddhist texts related to astrology as translated into Chinese simultaneously reflect the development of astrological literature in India. Indian texts generally lack a sense of history whereas in China the translations are normally dated to a dynasty period at minimum and assigned a translator whose dates can normally be known. This allows us to see, limited but nevertheless evident, the gradual absorption of astrology into Buddhism.
In China the practice of astrology goes back long before Buddhism was introduced into China (around the first century CE). Traditionally Chinese thought divided the study of the stars into lifa 曆法 (calender science) and tianwen 天文 (the study of the stars, including cosmography and omen interpretation). One might suggest these correspond to astronomy and astrology, but it would be misleading given what the latter encompasses. Nevertheless, modern concerns aside, Chinese civilization took the omens of the land and sky very seriously. It is thus not surprising that Chinese Buddhists would take an interest in Indian astrology through the medium of Buddhism. The state as well was always interested in the skies and how they might affect things down below and more importantly the foundations of imperial power.
It was during the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220) a bureau of astronomy was established which survived two millennia until the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912). Some members of the upper echelons who were charged with the task of observing the sky and had direct access to the emperor, advising him according to their own observations. The Later Book of Han 後漢書, a history of the Eastern Han, details the tasks of the office of tai-shiling 太史令 (court astronomer), an upper-middle appointment, as follows:
掌天時、星曆。凡歲將終,奏新年曆。凡國祭祀、喪、娶之事,掌奏良日及時節禁忌。凡國有瑞應、災異,掌記之。
He is charge of [monitoring] the Mandate of Heaven and the calendar. He reports on the new year's calendar whenever the year is about to conclude. He is in charge of reporting good days and taboo times whenever there are national sacrifices, funerals or weddings. He is in charge of recording auspicious responses, calamities and abnormalities whenever the country has them.
His monthly salary came to 3500 cash in 106 CE. To put that into perspective, the accessory clerks made 400 cash per month while the highest member on the salary list comes out with 17,500 cash, the next best with 9000. So, while the court astronomer was not the top paid member of the bureaucracy, clearly his services were important enough to merit a comfortable income.1 There were also of course many staff members under him who did the observations and paperwork, their collective efforts resulting in a database that would be used for many centuries thereafter.2
Given the high value placed on astrology at the highest levels of state, it should be unsurprising that Buddhists in China would come to adopt and employ such arts for their own purposes. The upper echelons of Buddhist clergy connected with state leadership could presumably point to exotic forms of Indian astrology as potentially useful and thus receive funding and resources for their projects.
Astrology in India had of course been long existent by the time of unified China and although it seems early Buddhism had little to do with it, Buddhists in due course assimilated it. Bill Mak in his paper "Indian Jyotiṣa through the lens of Chinese Buddhist Canon" explains the development as follows (see p6):
Broadly speaking, we can | [
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see that jyotiṣa materials are often incorporated into Buddhist texts somewhat apologetically in the early phase. In the Mahāyāna case, jyotiṣa knowledge is often considered a form of expedient (upāya), employed for the benefits for the sentient beings though they are not considered genuine Buddhist teachings per se. In the late stage, in particular among the so-called Tantric works, they are seen as authentic Buddhist teachings and are often employed directly with no justification given or required.
Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary defines jyotiṣa as "the science of the movements of the heavenly bodies and divisions of time dependant thereon, short tract for fixing the days and hours of the Vedic sacrifices". In English it can refer to either astrology or astronomy. In actuality up until recently such a distinction was not really made in most cultures.
Such an art never remained static. The scholar David Edwin Pingree (1933-2005) after a lifetime of study divided Indian astrology into four categories based on the origins of the material:
I. Vedic (c.1000-400 BCE)
II. Babylonian (400 BCE-200 CE): Vedāṅgajyotiṣa
III. Greco-Babylonian (c200-400): Yavanajātaka
IV. Greek (c400-1600): Āryabhaṭīya.
V. Islamic (c1600-1800)
These distinctions are actually to be found in the translations of Indic texts in the Chinese canon as Mak shows. However, he notes the flaw in Pingree's model is an overemphasis on Babylonian elements, though nevertheless this scheme does show the cosmopolitan quality of Indian astrology throughout the ages. It should be noted that alternative theories have been suggested. Richard Thomson argued that Vedic astronomy was primarily indigenous to India and was not imported from abroad:
Vaiṣṇava tradition indicates that the jyotiṣa śāstra is indigenous to Vedic culture, and this is supported by the fact that the astronomical siddhāntas do not acknowledge foreign source material. The modern scholarly view that all important aspects of Indian astronomy were transmitted to India from Greek sources is therefore tantamount to an accusation of fraud. Although scholars of the present day do not generally declare this openly in their published writings, they do declare it by implication, and the accusation was explicitly made by the first Indologists in the early nineteenth century.
Thompson goes on to suggest that Greeks and the people of the India once shared a common culture which included astronomy, though over the course of the kaliyuga there emerged large differences in their cultures, though many common features still remained due to their shared heritage and later relations (the Vedic Indians and Greeks incidentally were both Indo-Europeans). The Greeks in fact regained astronomical knowledge through relations to India and the subsequent discovery of texts coupled with native creativity.3
Predictably, this does not agree with contemporary scholarship. The Greeks themselves in antiquity believed their knowledge came from either Babylon or Egypt, and contemporary scholarship traces most of it to the former:
The omen-literature of ancient Mesopotamia included matter concerning the heavens, and when it was combined with the astronomical data derived from attempts to construct a calendar, horoscopal astrology developed, of which we have evidence from the fourth century BCE or slightly earlier. With the increased contact between this area and the Greek world after Alexander's conquest of Persia, both the zodiac, in the fourth century BCE, and Babylonian data and methods in astronomy and astrology, in the following centuries, were absorbed by the Greeks. They transformed both astronomy and astrological cosmology with kinematic models of the universe. … The contribution of Ancient Egypt was limited to a standard calendar, and the original form of the decans.4
Contemporary research would indicate a primarily Babylonian origin for Alexandrian Greek astronomical/astrological models (incidentally, for a good article on this see the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy). This is relevant because these models often resemble classical Indic ones, which has led many to conclude that the Indians obtained their astronomical knowledge from the Babylonians and Greeks. In light of the other apparent influ | [
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ences, such as Greek influences in northwest India leading to the development of statues of the Buddha, the contemporary mainstream theory concerning the origins of much Indic astronomy seems the most realistic. The relationship between Indian and Greek civilizations of course was not one way, which Thomas McEvilley explores in his work The Shape of Ancient Thought.
Nevertheless, Thompson's theory might not be so far-fetched given that Indo-Aryans, with gods named Indra and Varuna, commanded a state called Mitanni (1500-1300 BCE) which ruled over the cities of Assur and Assyria during the Bronze Age. Is it possible the Babylonians learnt some of their astronomy from these Indo-Aryans? We can only speculate, and I say this just to throw it out as a possibility. It should be recognized that Richard Thompson was a member of the Bhaktivedanta Institute, a wing of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). As an advocate of traditional Vaiṣṇava views he insisted on identifying an indigenous Indian source for ancient jyotiṣa knowledge, hence he was emotionally invested in maintaining a native Indian source for astronomical knowledge. I personally do not feel his arguments holds up against evidence.
In any case, Buddhists knowingly absorbed the astrological models and data available to them in India regardless of their ultimate origins, be they native or foreign. It does not appear they knew or paid much interest. Buddhist scriptures, in particular those translated into Chinese from the second century CE through to the tenth, preserved the development of jyotiṣa literature, which makes them quite valuable in the scholarly study of Indian astrology. However, it still begs the question as to why this knowledge was considered valuable? Put simply, if you lived in an age where most people believed the stars had a profound impact on life on earth and/or truly reflected present circumstances and things to come, it often being a matter of life and death, then astrology naturally possessed a utilitarian value, especially to the state.
Here we might take a moment to consider the cosmography of ancient India from which the cosmos were thought to be observed. The Sūrya-siddhānta presents a geocentric model where the earth is a globe fixed in space and orbited by the sun, moon and planets. However, this is completely different from the alternative models of cosmography where Mount Sumeru (Meru), a vast hourglass-shaped mountain, is the center of the world system and surrounded by four continents rising out of a disc covered in vast ocean. The four continents are Pūrvavideha (east), Jambudvīpa (south), Aparagodānīya (west), Uttarakuru (north). We are said to live on Jambudvīpa. This was the canonical model for Buddhists all around Asia up until relatively recently. Vasubandhu in the Abhidharma-kośa-bhāsya describes the layout as follows:
Nine great mountains rest on the sphere of gold. In the center there is Meru; concentrically, the other seven are arranged around Meru; Nimindhara forms the exterior rim that envelops Meru and the six inner wall-mountains - whence its name. Beyond [Nimindhara] lie the four continents. Enveloping all is Cakravāḍa, thus named because it encircles the universe with its four continent [sic] and also because it has the form of a wheel.5
This is perhaps best illustrated as a diagram:
The sun and moon are described as "discs" which move upon the wind, or the collective force of the actions of beings. All astral bodies revolve around Meru. The sun and the moon move at a level equal to the summit of Yugandhara (the second mountain surrounding Meru). It is said, "When it is midnight in Uttarakuru, the sun sets in Pūrvavideha, it is midday in Jambudvīpa, and it rises in Godānīya, and so on."6 Hence Mount Meru blocks sunlight causing night on the opposite side (Uttarakuru is to the north while Jambudvīpa to the south, the sun moving around the flat world clockwise around Mount Meru).
The Abhidharma-kośa-bhāsya describes this as an actual physical model of the universe | [
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. It is not figurative nor symbolic here, though some later authors did not take this model literally (see Henning's page on the Kālacakra World Model). The Buddha indeed spoke of such a model of the world, though I believe much of it actually reflects areas of reality beyond normal perception given that these locations are said to be where devas and other such immaterial beings reside (I might discuss this in a future post). The Meru cosmography lasted until modern times, though I hear some peoples in remote regions like in the Himalayas still insist on the classical model.
We can assume some Buddhists at some point had access to the Sūrya-siddhānta which as Thompson indicates speaks of a round earth, but as far as I know round earth theories played little to no role in the development of Buddhist astrology/astronomy.
Moving on, the Mātaṅga Sūtra 摩登伽經, translated into Chinese in 230 CE by Zhiqian 支謙, is the oldest known Indic sūtra translated into Chinese to include jyotiṣa elements such as the 28 nakṣatras, 9 grahas, monthly gnomic and the Metonic cycle. There was an earlier translation of the text done by An shigao 安世高 between 148-170 CE, though it is much shorter and does not contain astrological references. It is a brief sūtra about a daughter of a witch wanting marry the handsome Ānanda. The mother attempts to use witchcraft to trap and make him consummate a marriage, but fails. The girl becomes a bhikṣuṇī in the end and renounces her evil ways. Zhiqian's work picks up from here and extends the sūtra to include dialogue between characters from some long past time, including many teachings on astrology.
The 28 (sometimes 27) nakṣatras are constellations as listed in jyotiṣa literature (they are individually associated with days on the sidereal calendar of 27.321661 days). The 9 grahas (or navagraha), meaning "seizing or influencing the destinies of men in a supernatural manner" (see Monier-Williams), are the following celestial bodies:
Āditya
nyi ma
Sōma
zla ba
Aṅgāraka
熒惑
mig dmar
辰星
gza' lhag
Bṛhaspati
歲星
phur bu
Śukra
pa sangs
Śanaiścara
鎮星
spen pa
Rāhu
羅睺
sgra chen
mjug ring
Rāhu and Ketu are considered "shadow planets". These are not recognized as existent by modern astronomy, though they do correspond with a quantity that is measured by modern astronomy: Rāhu is the ascending node of the moon and Ketu is the descending node of the moon. Consider the following:
From a geocentric perspective, the orbit of the sun defines one plane passing through the center of the earth, and the orbit of the moon defines another such plane. These two planes are slightly tilted with respect to each other, and thus they intersect on a line. The point where the moon crosses this line going from celestial south to celestial north is called the ascending node of the moon. According to the Sūrya-siddhānta, the planet Rāhu is located in the direction of the moon's ascending node.7
Rāhu is further associated with solar and lunar eclipses:
In the Vedic literature it is often mentioned that Rāhu causes solar and lunar eclipses by passing in front of the sun or moon. To many people, this seems to blatantly contradict the modern explanation of eclipses, which holds that a solar eclipse is caused by the passage of the moon in front of the sun and a lunar eclipse is caused by the moon's passage through the earth's shadow. However, the actual situation is somewhat more complicated than this simple analysis assumes. The reason for this is that the Sūrya-siddhānta presents an explanation of eclipses that agrees with the modern explanation but also brings Rāhu into the picture. This work explicitly assumes that eclipses are caused by the passage of the moon in front | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.420539 | 1.557985 | 1.693817 | 0.651159 |
the sun or into the earth's shadow. It describes calculations based on this model that make it possible to predict the occurrence of both lunar and solar eclipses and compute the degree to which the disc of the sun or moon will be obscured. At the same time, rules are also given for calculating the position of Rāhu and another, similar planet named Ketu. It turns out that either Rāhu or Ketu will always be lined up in the direction of any solar or lunar eclipse. ... The positions assigned to Rāhu and Ketu correspond to the ascending and descending nodes of the moon - the points where the orbit of the moon (projected onto the celestial sphere) intersects the ecliptic, or the orbit of the sun. These nodal points rotate around the ecliptic from east to west, with a period of about 18.6 years. One of them must always point in the direction of an eclipse, since the moon can pass in front of the sun or into the earth's shadow only if the sun, moon and earth lie on a straight line.8
To clarify this further for those not terribly adept in astronomy like myself, let me quote the following from the Jyotish Vidya Google Group:
Eclipses only occur when the path of the sun and that of the moon crosses relatively to each other. The sun moves around the entire sky in one year covering entire zodiac. This path is known as 'krāntivṛtta' (ecliptic). The moon moves around the entire sky in 27 days, thus creating lunar path. These two path cross at ascending node called Rāhu and descending node called Ketu. These nodes exactly opposite, move very slowly from month to month. If the sun and moon are near to the same node Solar Eclipse takes place and if they approach the opposite node Lunar Eclipse occur. By considering these nodes to be planets, we record their motion against those of sun and moon. By this we can predict exactly eclipses. This is the intelligent method of our ancient Indian astrologers. This is how Rāhu and Ketu assumed much respected status among Indian mythology and hence religion.
It seems some asserted these were actual planets rather than merely being considered as such for the purposes of calculating when eclipses would occur. In any case, in astrology they play an important role and as such are included in the relevant works even in Chinese translation.
In mythology, Rāhu was the name of an asura who disguised himself as a deva to drink amṛta (ambrosia of the gods which halts aging and death). Sūrya (sun) and Candra (moon) reported this to Viṣṇu who beheaded Rāhu, though since the drink had been swallowed both his head and bodied continued to live. They were both blessed by Viṣṇu to become planets, but exact their vengeance against Sūrya (the sun) and Candra (the moon) by swallowing them at times (grahaṇa).
Rāhu incidentally makes an appearance in the Pāli canon in the Candima Sutta and Suriya Sutta. They are quite brief, so I will quote the first one in its entirety here:
Thus have I heard:
On one occasion the Blessed One was living near Savatthi, at Jetavana at Anathpindika's monastery. At that time Candima, the moon deity, was seized by Rahu, lord of Asura. Thereupon calling to mind the Blessed One, Candima, the moon deity, recited this stanza:
i. "O Buddha, the Hero, thou art wholly free from all evil. My adoration to thee. I have fallen into distress. Be thou my refuge."
Thereupon the Blessed One addressed a stanza to Rahu, Lord of Asuras, on behalf of Candima, thus:
ii. "O Rahu, Candima has gone for refuge to the Tathagata, the Consummate One. Release Candima. The Buddhas radiate compassion on the world (of beings)."
Thereupon Rahu, Lord of Asuras, released Candima, the deity, and immediately came to the presence of Vepacitta, Lord of Asuras, and stood beside him trembling with fear and with hair standing on end. Then Vepacitta addressed Rahu in this stanza.
iii. "Rahu. Why did you suddenly release Candima? Why have you come trembling, and why are | [
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you standing here terrified?"
"I have been spoken to by the Buddha in a stanza (requesting me to release Candima). If I had not released Candima my head would have split into seven pieces. While yet I live, I should have had no happiness. (Therefore I released Candima)."
In Tibetan Buddhism he is called Za Rahula (gza' rA hu la) and functions as a Dharma protector, in particular in respect to the Nyingma and Dzogchen teachings. He is portrayed with nine heads, a lower body like a snake and upper body covered in eyes. He is aflame and wielding a bow. As follows:
Basically, in the greater Buddhist world Rāhu acts as an astronomical function, a shadow planet, a malicious entity and a guardian of the Dharma.
Now, returning to the Mātaṅga Sūtra, chapters five and six teach horoscopy and electional astrology. This is important to note because it demonstrates before the early third century CE Indian (or Central Asian?) Buddhism had adopted components of early Indic jyotiṣa (both the astrological and astronomical elements). It is unclear to me to what extent such an influence held in Buddhism on the whole around the Indian subcontinent. For example, did the mainstream Śrāvakayāna schools take much interest in such things? We know that they did concern themselves with the activities of worldly gods which visited the world on specified dates as shown in the Abhidharma Mahāvibhāṣā Śāstra, a key text of the Kashmir Sarvāstivāda school dated to around the 2nd century CE and attributed to Kātyāyanīputra:
《大毘婆沙論》:「問何故唯說三十三天。答以彼諸天數數雲集、論善惡事、故偏說之。謂彼諸天於白黑月,每常八日、若十四日、若十五日,集善法堂,稱量世間善惡多少。復次三十三天常共伺察造善惡者。見造善者,便擁護之;見造惡者,即共嫌毀。」
Question – "Why only speak of thirty-three devas?" Answer – "The devas frequently gather to discuss good deeds and misdeeds. Hence the partial discussion of them. The devas during the waxing and waning moons on every eighth, fourteenth and fifteenth always gather in the hall of saddharma to weigh the amount of good deeds and misdeeds in the world. Furthermore, the thirty-three devas always together inspect the creators of good deeds and misdeeds. Seeing one who has created good deeds, they then protect them. Seeing one who has created misdeeds, they then together resent and ruin them."
The ancient Indic month of 30 days was divided into two 15 day segments called the śukla-pakṣa (the waxing) and the kṛṣṇa-pakṣa (the waning). Therefore, in a given lunar month the thirty-three devas were expected to come on the following days: 8th, 14th, 15th, 23rd, 29th and 30th. This is not a far step away from electional astrology. Perhaps it was the minority Mahāyāna movement which took a step in that direction and adopted for their own purposes contemporary astrology. This is assuming of course the Mātaṅga Sūtra was specifically a Mahāyāna text, though in actuality it might not have been. It also includes the Gāyatri mantra from the Ṛg Veda:
Oṃ bhūr bhuvaḥ svaḥ
菴 浮 婆 蘇婆
tát savitúr váreṇ(i)yaṃ
旦 娑婆鬪 婆利茹
bhárgo devásya dhīmahi
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瞿 提婆斯 提麼
dhíyo yó naḥ pracodáyāt
提由 那 婆羅提那
This is identified as the "mantra of Brahmins" 婆羅門呪. It speaks much to the influences of Vedic culture on Buddhism by the early third century CE. At this point both mantras and astrological practices were already being introduced into Buddhism as normal and appropriate. It curiously also asserts the equality of the four castes, which perhaps says something about conflicting Vedic and Buddhist ideas – astrology and mantras had utilitarian value to Buddhist mystics, but the caste system was unacceptable. This indeed agrees with Johannes Bronkhorst's theory as presented in his work Buddhism in the Shadow of Brahmanism where he explains how Buddhists in India came to adopt not only Sanskrit, but various Vedic ideas to the point that they eventually came to see themselves as an offshoot of Vedic culture rather than having preceded it. While Buddhists generally retained a separate identity, they still nevertheless eventually adopted a diluted vision of society based on the caste system as advocated by the Brahmins who had come to command both religious and political authority.
A few centuries later the Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūtra 大集經 was translated in sections starting from the late fourth century to the late sixth. In it we find reference to the twelve zodiacal signs along with ample astrological data. Here we find the earliest use of the zodiac signs in the Chinese canon. Separate translators did their respective sections and hence the zodiac signs are semantically translated in one section and transliterated in another. They are as follows:
Meṣa
持羊之神
Vṛṣa
持牛之神
雙鳥
Karkaṭa
蟹神
Siṃha
師子之神
Kanyā
Tulā
秤量之神
Vṛścika
蝎神
Dhanvin
射神
磨竭之神
水器之神
Mīna
天魚之神
We can therefore be assured that by the late fourth century these zodiacal signs had been introduced into Indic astrology – widespread enough for it to be adopted into Buddhist literature.
Some generations later the tantric literature emerges which accepts astrology as simply canonical and attributes it to the appropriate enlightened beings. One such case is the Sūtra on Mañjuśrī Bodhisattva and the Sage's Teaching on Auspicious and Inauspicious Times, Days, Good and Evil Constellations and Luminaries 文殊師利菩薩及諸仙所說吉凶時日善惡宿曜經, translated by Amoghavajra (705-774) in 759 and revised in 764 by disciple Yang Jing Feng 楊景風 under his master's guidance. This text is the foundation for the astrology tradition of Shukuyō 宿曜, which is still practiced in Japan today even on a popular level. It formed a key component to East Asian esotericism (Mijiao / Mikkyō 密教), most specifically in Japanese Shingon under Kūkai.
The text is divided into two fascicles. The first scroll has seven chapters.
Chapter one is an explanation of the emergence of the cosmos as well as the sun, moon, planets, 27 nakṣatras and 12 zodiac signs. The diameters of the seven luminous bodies (the sun, moon and five visible planets) are also included:
51 yojanas
9 yojanas
Small stars
1 krośa
Depending on the source, a yojana is either 7 or 9 miles with 4 krośas equaling 1 yojana. A yojana is further defined as the distance a sovereign will travel in a day.
Chapter two explains the stars belonging to the 28 nakṣatras (constellations), their shape, associated deity and furthermore appropriate tasks on days associated with them, i.e., electional astrology (the number of nakṣatras reflect the number | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.721454 | 1.464545 | 1.661539 | 0.94967 |
of days in a sidereal month). It further explains the qualities of individuals born under the individual constellations.
Chapter three provides a method for gauging potential friendships and prescribed activities day by day for individuals based on the constellations associated with their births.
Chapter four details auspicious and inauspicious activities on the seven days of the week. It further discusses how people with birthdays falling on specific days should behave as well as forecasts for harvests based on which day of the week falls on 5/5. It further lists potential calamities that might occur should an eclipse or earthquake occur on a given day of the week.
Chapter five details a secret forecasting method based on the seven days of the week tailored to the individual.
Chapter six discussed how the month is divided into the black 黑月 (kṛṣṇa-pakṣa) and white/bright 白月 (śukla-pakṣa) moons (waning and waxing), each being fifteen days, and the auspiciousness or inauspiciousness of each day. The data provided in the text can be graphed as follows:
Inauspicious
Auspiciousness by constellation/weekday.
If evil smell arises, a calamity will occur. (?)
śukla
kṛṣṇa
-On all inauspicious days it becomes auspicious after noon.
-On all inauspicious nights it becomes auspicious after midnight.
Note: in other texts devas descend to inspect people's virtues on the 8th, 14th, 15th, 23rd, 29th and 30th.
Finally, chapter seven names specific days and prescribes activities to be done on such days. It interestingly also names specific deities (Brahma, Vasu, Śiva and so on) who descend into the world. This would seem to imply offerings are made to that specific deity. For example, the 1st and 16th of the month are called "name establishment". This is when Brahma descends into the world. On these days one should do good deeds, cultivate the path, seek sages as well as serve teachers and elders, though one should not travel far.
The second scroll of the text does not include chapter numbers. It provides further details on the aforementioned subject matter, two tables for finding a person's associated signs, additional proscriptions and prescriptions associated with the the 27 nakṣatras, zodiac signs, days of the week and so on.
The Chinese text itself is clearly an adapted version of an Indic text, or more likely several texts. It is credited to Mañjuśrī by virtue of the title, but he is quoted directly only once. It is not so much a sūtra, but really a manual of astronomy that is heavily endowed with Vedic aspects.
This demonstrates of course ongoing and quite strong Vedic influences in Mahāyāna. Vedic influences become even further digested by the tenth century when the Kālacakra Trantra emerges. I will not go into the details of that here, but I should like to recommend Edward Henning's site www.kalacakra.org which explains the subject matter extensively (for information on the calendar see here).
Now, setting aside modern critique of the astronomical model presented above, what relevance did such a cosmos have for its observers, and more specifically Buddhists in ancient India? Astrology especially might seem out of place at first, even adharma, given the core teachings of Śākyamuni Buddha. There are even records of proscriptions against such arts in early Buddhism. Nevertheless, in time some Buddhists organically developed a perspective of the cosmos that perhaps made astrology sensible and realistic. Consider that Vasubandhu in the Abhidharma-kośa-bhāsya states, "The collective force of the actions of beings produces the winds which create (nirmā) the moon, the sun and the stars in heaven."9 He further states,
Who created the variety of the world of living beings and the receptacle-world which we have described in the preceding chapter?
It was not a god who intelligently created it.
The variety of the world arises from action.
The variety of the world arises from the actions of living beings.10
If the cosmos are indeed a product of the karma of | [
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Does Tony Abbott's justification for Australian involvement in Iraq amount to a legal basis for our commitment? (AAP/Dave Hunt)
By Kevin Boreham
The humanitarian missions by the Royal Australian Air Force in Iraq are in accordance with international law, despite a confusing statement by Iraq's ambassador to Australia, Mouayed Saleh. But continued political scrutiny of further Australian military action, in a highly fluid situation, is wholly justified.
Prime minister Tony Abbott announced that Australia's airlift of light infantry weapons to Kurdish military forces battling Islamic State insurgents would be undertaken:
… at the request of the Obama administration and with the permission of the Iraqi government.
Abbott set out in his statement to the House of Representatives on Monday the criteria the government would apply in considering any requests for military action:
Is there a clear and achievable overall objective? Is there a clear and proportionate role for Australian forces? Have all the risks been properly assessed? And is there an overall humanitarian objective in accordance with Australia's national interests?
The justification for Australia's military commitment in Iraq therefore relies on a request from the United States, the permission of the Iraqi government, and the Australian government's assessment that the criteria Abbott set out have been met. Does this amount to a legal basis for our commitment?
Request from the US
The legality of Australia's response to such a request depends on whether the Iraqi government itself has authorised the United States to assemble an international coalition to assist in the struggle against Islamic State (IS).
Whether the Iraqi government has made a request in such terms is not clear. However, The New York Times has reported that former Iraqi prime minister Nouri al-Maliki asked US vice-president Joe Biden on May 16 for the United States to deploy air power against Islamic State, and followed with a written request.
Maliki's subsequent departure does not make any difference. The request was made on behalf of Iraq. It remains valid until Iraq withdraws it. It seems fair to assume that the Iraqi government would not have restricted this request to US military forces alone.
Permission from Iraq
Does a state's consent to other states undertaking military operations on its territory make those operations legal? Does Iraq, currently without a prime minister, have the capacity to express such consent?
International law scholars differ about whether consent is enough to make such military operations legal. As is often the case with international law, reliance on consent is based on the absence of any rule of international law stating that consent is not enough to convey legality. Article 20 of the Articles on State Responsibility, adopted by the UN International Law Commission in 2001, supports this view:
Valid consent by a State to the commission of a given act by another State which would otherwise be illegal precludes the wrongfulness of that act … to the extent that the act remains within the limits of that consent.
Consent to the use of force by another state to defeat an insurgency, such as that of IS, has been traditionally regarded as rendering legal the use of force.
Does the hiatus in the Iraqi government render Iraq capable of making "valid consent"? Prime minister-designate Haider al-Abadi has 30 days from his appointment by Iraqi president Fuad Masum on August 11 to assemble a government. This may not matter, as international law generally takes at face value the commitments made by representatives of a state unless it is "manifest" that they do not have the capacity to make such commitments.
The process of the prime minister-designate consulting about the formation of a government is part of the Iraqi constitution. The president, though a largely ceremonial figure, remains as at least a symbol of the state. Doubt about the continuing validity of Iraq's consent may develop if the governmental hiatus is prolonged beyond the 30-day limit.
Saleh's reported statement that "the arms and ammunition should be given to the Iraqi government" probably does not affect the international legality of Australia's intervention. The New York Times reported that the Iraqi army is working with the Kurdish peshmerga "in a highly co-ordinated way".
Responsibility to Protect?
Abbott's criteria for a military intervention chime fairly closely with the criteria for a military intervention under the Responsibility to Protect doctrine, particularly as he referred to "preventable genocide" as a reason for Australia's intervention.
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.940857 | 1.267281 | 1.062602 | 1.220353 |
Q: How to read the user input line by line until Ctrl+D and include the line where Ctrl+D was typed This script takes the user input line after line, and executes myfunction on every line
#!/bin/bash
SENTENCE=""
while read word
do
myfunction $word"
done
echo $SENTENCE
To stop the input, the user has to press [ENTER] and then Ctrl+D.
How can I rebuild my script to end only with Ctrl+D and process the line where Ctrl+D was pressed.
A: To do that, you'd have to read character by character, not line by line.
Why? The shell very likely uses the standard C library function read()
to read the data that the user is typing in, and that function returns
the number of bytes actually read. If it returns zero, that means it has
encountered EOF (see the read(2) manual; man 2 read). Note that EOF
isn't a character but a condition, i.e. the condition "there is nothing
more to be read", end-of-file.
Ctrl+D sends an end-of-transmission character
(EOT, ASCII character code 4, $'\04' in bash) to the terminal
driver. This has the effect of sending whatever there is to send to the
waiting read() call of the shell.
When you press Ctrl+D halfway through
entering the text on a line, whatever you have typed so far is
sent to the shell1. This means that if you enter
Ctrl+D twice after having typed something on
a line, the first one will send some data, and the second one will
send nothing, and the read() call will return zero and the shell
interpret that as EOF. Likewise, if you press Enter followed
by Ctrl+D, the shell gets EOF at once as there
wasn't any data to send.
So how to avoid having to type Ctrl+D twice?
As I said, read single characters. When you use the read shell
built-in command, it probably has an input buffer and asks read() to
read a maximum of that many characters from the input stream (maybe 16
kb or so). This means that the shell will get a bunch of 16 kb chunks
of input, followed by a chunk that may be less than 16 kb, followed by
zero bytes (EOF). Once encountering the end of input (or a newline, or a
specified delimiter), control is returned to the script.
If you use read -n 1 to read a single character, the shell will use
a buffer of a single byte in its call to read(), i.e. it will sit in
a tight loop reading character by character, returning control to the
shell script after each one.
The only issue with read -n is that it sets the terminal to "raw
mode", which means that characters are sent as they are without any
interpretation. For example, if you press Ctrl+D,
you'll get a literal EOT character in your string. So we have to check
for that. This also has the side-effect that the user will be unable to edit the line before submitting it to the script, for example by pressing Backspace, or by using Ctrl+W (to delete the previous word) or Ctrl+U (to delete to the beginning of the line).
To make a long story short: The following is the final loop that your
bash script needs to do to read a line of input, while at the same time
allowing the user to interrupt the input at any time by pressing
Ctrl+D:
while true; do
line=''
while IFS= read -r -N 1 ch; do
case "$ch" in
$'\04') got_eot=1 ;&
$'\n') break ;;
*) line="$line$ch" ;;
esac
done
printf 'line: "%s"\n' "$line"
if (( got_eot )); then
break
fi
done
Without going into too much detail about this:
*
*IFS= clears the IFS variable. Without this, we would not be able to read spaces. I use read -N instead of read -n, otherwise we wouldn't be able to detect newlines. The -r option to read enables us to read backslashes properly.
* | [
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] | 1,024 | StackExchange | -1.069769 | 0.316005 | -0.454801 | 0.512022 |
The case statement acts on each read character ($ch). If an EOT ($'\04') is detected, it sets got_eot to 1 and then falls through to the break statement which gets it out of the inner loop. If a newline ($'\n') is detected, it just breaks out of the inner loop. Otherwise it adds the character to the end of the line variable.
*After the loop, the line is printed to standard output. This would be where you call your script or function that uses "$line". If we got here by detecting an EOT, we exit the outermost loop.
1 You may test this by running cat >file in one terminal
and tail -f file in another, and then enter a partial line into the
cat and press Ctrl+D to see what happens in the
output of tail.
For ksh93 users: The loop above will read a carriage return character rather than a newline character in ksh93, which means that the test for $'\n' will need to change to a test for $'\r'. The shell will also display these as ^M.
To work around this:
stty_saved="$( stty -g )"
stty -echoctl
# the loop goes here, with $'\n' replaced by $'\r'
stty "$stty_saved"
You might also want to output a newline explicitly just before the break to get exactly the same behaviour as in bash.
A: In the default mode of the terminal device, the read() system call (when called with large enough a buffer) would lead full lines. The only times when the read data would not end in a newline character would be when you press Ctrl-D.
In my tests (on Linux, FreeBSD and Solaris), a single read() only ever yields one single line even if the user has entered more by the time read() is called. The only case where the read data could contain more than one line would be when the user enters a newline as Ctrl+VCtrl+J (the literal-next character followed by a literal newline character (as opposed to a carriage-return converted to newline when you press Enter)).
The read shell builtin however reads the input one byte at a time until it sees a newline character or end of file. That end of file would be when read(0, buf, 1) returns 0 which can only happen when you press Ctrl-D on an empty line.
Here, you'd want to do large reads and detect the Ctrl-D when the input doesn't end in a newline character.
You can't do that with the read builtin, but you could do it with the sysread builtin of zsh.
If you want to account for the user typing ^V^J:
#! /bin/zsh -
zmodload zsh/system # for sysread
myfunction() printf 'Got: <%s>\n' "$1"
lines=('')
while (($#lines)); do
if (($#lines == 1)) && [[ $lines[1] == '' ]]; then
sysread
lines=("${(@f)REPLY}") # split on newline
continue
fi
# pop one line
line=$lines[1]
lines[1]=()
myfunction "$line"
done
If you want to consider foo^V^Jbar as a single record (with an embedded newline), that is assume each read() returns one record:
#! /bin/zsh -
zmodload zsh/system # for sysread
myfunction() printf 'Got: <%s>\n' "$1"
finished=false
while ! $finished && sysread line; do
if [[ $line = *$'\n' ]]; then
line=${line%?} # strip the newline
else
finished=true
fi
myfunction "$line"
done
Alternatively, with zsh, you could use zsh's own advanced line editor to input the data and map ^D there to a widget that signals the end of input:
#! /bin/zsh -
myfunction() printf 'Got: <%s>\n' "$1"
finished=false
finish() {
finished=true
zle .accept-line
}
zle -N finish
bindkey '^D' finish
while ! $finished && line= && vared line; do
myfunction "$line"
done
With bash or other POSIX shells | [
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304,
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278,
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472,
263,
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372,
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263,
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2931,
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'A period of re-discovery': Why fashion brands, old and new, are setting up shop in NYC's Meatpacking District
When Diane von Furstenburg first moved her company to the Meatpacking District in Manhattan, the neighborhood was not the most ideal place for a luxury fashion brand.
"I moved to the Meatpacking District 20 years ago when I bought a small carriage house on West 12th Street," said von Furstenberg. "I turned it into a design studio and showroom, and then added a mini shop in the small house next door. The neighborhood was run-down and not a typical location to drop in a fashion house, but I didn't care."
But since, a slew of fashion brands including Hermès, Madewell and Jeffrey have set up shop there, helping to restore the Meatpacking District as an area for fashion retail that can compete with SoHo and Hudson Yards. It had its heyday in the early 2000s, before brands like Stella McCartney and Moschino left the neighborhood. As brick-and-mortar retail continues to be an important factor for fashion brands, many brands are taking to the area — a welcome alternative to other, overstuffed neighborhoods in New York City.
While SoHo has become known as NYC's neighborhood for experimental pop-ups and retail "experiences," and Hudson Yards is establishing itself as the place for ultra-maximalist retail, Meatpacking has been quietly building up a reputation for a middle-of-the-road approach. It's a place where you can find traditional high-end retail like Jeffrey next to an experimental pop-up from Loro Piana, which LVMH said in its recent earnings is driving a significant boost to the Loro Piana's footwear category.
"For us, the idea was to offer our customers a bit more of an experience and not something traditional," said Lauren Cardenas, gm of Sneakersnstuff, the European sneaker retailer that opened its first U.S. store in Meatpacking in 2017. "Meatpacking is a destination. You can go to SoHo and just walk around and bump into a lot of stores. But you go to Meatpacking because you live here or because there's a particular store you want to go to. It's like a mini 5th Avenue here."
Cardenas estimates that about 50% of the customers that come through the store are tourists. Jeffrey Kalinsky, vp and designer fashion director at Nordstrom and founder of Jeffrey New York, the seminal fashion store that has been in Meatpacking for two decades, made a similar estimate. He guessed that half of Jeffrey visitors are tourists, 25% are from New York's other boroughs and neighborhoods, and 25% are Meatpacking locals.
Part of the recent growth comes from favorable rent prices. Average rents in SoHo are around $540 per square foot per year, while in Meatpacking, they're around $280. But Meatpacking's success also comes from the public development designed to bring in more tourists and visitors.
In the beginning of August, the Meatpacking's Business Improvement District will open the long-planned public plazas along Gansevoort Street and Ninth Avenue, after years of planning and development.
"The neighborhood first had significant capital reconstruction four years ago," said Jeffrey LeFrancois, the executive director of the Meatpacking District Management Association. "This year, we will have all these historic plazas back, with tables, chairs, planters. As cities around the world know, public space is good for business. North of 20,000 square feet of public space will be made available. Right now, Meatpacking is in a moment of re-discovery."
These projects to beautify and preserve the neighborhood's historic locations have attracted a number of intriguing fashion brands, both old and new. Last April, Hermès opened a flagship store in Meatpacking, designed to pay tribute aesthetically to the neighborhood's industrial heritage.
"Not long ago, you wouldn't have mentioned Madison Avenue and the Meatpacking District in the same breath," said Axel Dumas, CEO of Hermès. "Setting up shop in the Meatpacking District is an incredible source | [
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800-373-8000 Hablamos Español
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Florida Personal Injury & DUI Attorneys > Lake City Theft Attorney
Lake City Theft Attorneys
The Florida Statutes outline a number of different theft crimes, and these are some of the most commonly laid charges in the state. Theft crimes range from fairly minor crimes, such as shoplifting, to offenses that are much more serious, such as grand theft. Regardless of the type of charge you are facing, you will face serious consequences if convicted. Even a conviction for shoplifting will result in a permanent criminal record that may not be possible to seal or expunge. A Lake City theft attorney can help you avoid these harsh penalties by beating your charges.
What is Theft in Florida?
Before you can understand the different types of theft charges in Lake City, you must first understand the broader definition of theft. Under Florida law, theft is defined as intentionally taking, or trying to take, any property that belongs to another person, and without that person's permission to take the item. To secure a conviction for a theft crime, a person must have intended to keep the property away from their rightful owner. A person may also be convicted of theft if they intentionally used the stolen goods for their own personal use, or for another person to use that was not the rightful owner.
Retail Theft
Retail theft, more commonly known as shoplifting, is so common in Lake City and throughout the state, it is charged more than any other offense in the state. Many people think retail theft is a minor crime and in many cases, that is true. However, these charges can be classified as anything from a misdemeanor to felony grand theft, depending on the items stolen.
There are many defenses to retail theft, and it is important to speak to a lawyer that will know how to argue them. Even a conviction for a misdemeanor will be seen by future employers and others as a crime of deception, which can limit the opportunities available to you.
Petit Theft
Petit theft in Florida is actually divided into two offenses. The more minor of these is petit theft of the second degree. A person may face these charges if the value of the items allegedly stolen was less than $100. A conviction can result in a maximum 60 days in jail and a fine of $500. The more severe type of petit theft is that of the first degree. A person may face these charges if the value of the goods allegedly stolen was between $100 and $300. Jail time for those convicted can be as much as up to one year.
The most serious type of theft crime in Lake City, grand theft charges are classified as either first degree, second degree, or third degree, which is the least serious. A conviction for grand theft can result in a prison sentence between five and thirty years.
Our Lake City Theft Attorney Can Provide the Legal Advice You Need
Although certain charges of theft are more serious than others, you still need a solid defense no matter what offense you have been accused of. At Meldon Law, our Lake City theft attorney will defend against these charges so you have the best chance of retaining your freedom. Call us today at 800-373-8000 or fill out our online form to schedule a free case review.
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characters will visit your table for photos and autographs! Your kid's will be absolutely delighted by the appearances of their favorite Disney characters, who are sure to put a smile on everyone's faces. This is the best way to mingle with some of the most popular Disney characters away from the huge crowds typical of the theme parks. You'll spend approximately three hours at Disney's Grand Floridian Resort and Spa before hopping back in the limo and heading back to your selected drop-off location.
Wed, Jul 24, 7:00am More Dates (30)
Select Orlando and Kissimmee hotels, Orlando
Travel in style aboard a luxury stretch limousine from your Orlando hotel to Disney's Grand Floridian Resort and Spa
Feast on breakfast with your favorite Disney characters including Mickey, Donald, and Goofy
Mingle with your favorite characters in an intimate setting
Enjoy plenty of photo and autograph opportunities
Thu, Aug 15
St. Johns River & De Leon Springs Seaplane Tour - Mount Dora
What you sea(plane) is what you get during this highflying experience! The fun begins and ends with a dramatic seaplane takeoff and landing that ought to make quite a splash. In between, you'll fly around the scenic Mount Dora area. Highlights include eye-popping, low-altitude looks at the surreal and solitary St. John's River. This dramatic, 70-minute flight is perfect for those searching for an immersive and intimate flying adventure. It's one experience that won't let you down ... Well, until it comes time to let you down, that is!
400 W 4th Ave, Mount Dora
Enjoy a dramatic seaplane flight highlighted over the Tavares area
Checkout dramatic aerial views of St. John's River
Enjoy a water takeoff and landing
Orlando Attractions Seaplane Tour -Tavares
What you seaplane is what you get during this highflying experience! The fun begins and ends with a dramatic seaplane takeoff and landing that ought to make quite a splash. In between, you'll fly around the scenic Tavares area. Highlights include eye-popping, low-altitude looks at Universal Studios, Epcot, and Disney World. This dramatic, 50-60 minute flight is perfect for those searching for an immersive and intimate flying adventure. This is one experience that won't let you down! Well, until it comes time to land that is!
Enjoy a dramatic seaplane flight as you travel over the Tavares area and see all the highlights
Checkout dramatic aerial views of Universal Studios, Epcot, and Disney World
Witness incredible dramatic aerial and enjoy a water takeoff and landing
Orlando Attractions Seaplane Tour - Mount Dora
What you sea(plane) is what you get during this highflying experience! The fun begins and ends with a dramatic seaplane takeoff and landing that ought to make quite a splash. In between, you'll fly around the scenic Mount Dora area. Highlights include eye-popping, low-altitude looks at Universal Studios, Epcot, and Disney World.. This dramatic, 50-60 minute flight is perfect for those searching for an immersive and intimate flying adventure. This is one experience that won't let you down! Well, until it comes time to let you down, that is.
Checkout dramatic aerial views of Mission Inn and Long Island
Disney Character Dinner at Chef Mickey's
Sure to bring a smile to every child's face, Chef Mickey's at Disney's Contemporary Resort is the place to meet the characters of Walt Disney World®. The stars don't get much bigger in Orlando than Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy, Pluto, and Chip and Dale, and this is your chance to meet them in person. You will be picked up from your Orlando hotel in a five-star stretch limousine and whisked away to Downtown Disney for some free time to explore Disney's Marketplace and have a complimentary family photo next to the vehicle. Continuing to Chef Mickey's Restaurant at Disney's Contemporary Resort you'll enjoy a buffet dinner with Mickey Mouse and friends. Cho | [
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Dialer Compliance
Compliance Guidelines and Suggestions
Calling Hours
Silent and Abandoned Call Percentage
Abandoned Call Message
Ring Time
Redialing Abandoned Calls
Disclose the Purpose
Telemarketing Records
Do Not Call Lists
Regulatory Schemes for Receiving Automated Marketing Calls
Authorities in each country seek to protect the rights of their citizens with regard to regulations about telemarketing. You are expected to observe these regulations or risk the possibility of being fined for your errors. The information within is not legal advice but is provided to assist you to understand your responsibilities. There is no guarantee that this is a complete and accurate list and you should, therefore, satisfy yourself, by all means possible, that you are going to comply with all relevant regulations before you begin dialing.
In general, the issues that concern regulators around the world are common, but some countries/regions will vary, and you should familiarise yourself with those that apply to the areas where you dial and where you are located. This is not a worldwide guide, and the omission of any country is not meant to suggest that it has no such controls or regulations. This covers the countries where our customers are most commonly located.
8x8 Contact Center 9.10 and onwards
Global Users
You must comply with any rules that apply to the start and end times for automated dialing. These will apply to weekdays, weekends and public holidays.
The time period and percentage will vary but you must remain within the accepted percentage of abandoned calls which is generally calculated over a prescribed number of days or hours.
You may need to play a specific message in a specific time period in the event that the customer answers the call and no agent is available. You may need to provide a standard rate number for people to call you back. You may need to ensure that there is no marketing content in this message
You must comply with the minimum ring time for outbound calls.
You must not dial abandoned calls again before the agreed period of time. You may need to make sure that an agent is present and available before redialing previously abandoned calls.
You must let your customers know the purpose of the call, including the name of the company or client that the agent is representing.
Provide customers with a means of communicating with you so that they can ascertain the purpose of the call or asked to be added to your 'Do Not Call' list.
Maintain and preserve records of all telemarketing campaigns for any prescribed period
In locations where customers can register with a national DNC register, regulations will exist around calling these numbers and the timing of consulting these registers against a list of numbers you intend to dial.
Equally, you should maintain your own list of DNC numbers and compare these to the numbers you intend to dial as well.
Opt-Out: USA, UK, Australia, and India
Opt-Out and Opt-In: Canada
Opt-In: EU (recipients have to opt-in to receive such calls)
The links below offer you quick access to a sample of local regulations.
https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/complying-telemarketing-sales-rule
https://www.fcc.gov/general/telemarketing-and-robocalls
National Do Not Call List
https://www.donotcall.gov/
https://telemarketing.donotcall.gov/
https://www.usa.gov/state-consumer
https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-pecr/electronic-and-telephone-marketing/telephone-marketing/
https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-pecr/what-are-pecr/
Ofcom
https://www.ofcom.org.uk/search?query=silent+and+abandoned+calls
National Do Not Call - Telephone Preference Service & Corporate Telephone Preference Service
https://www.tpsonline.org.uk/tps/index.html
https://www.tpsonline.org.uk/tps/whatiscorporatetps.html
Direct Marketing Association
https://dma.org.uk/guide/telemarketing-guide
The Telecommunications Act
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/12/contents
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.803497 | 0.092786 | -0.09313 | 0.388064 |
2 Reasons Why This Was a Big Day for Reforming Cops and Courts
Both say they want "common-sense" solutions.
AJ Vicens
Jim Vondruska/Zuma
The national push to reform the criminal justice system saw two significant moves Wednesday, one from the law enforcement community and another from the activists who helped launch the conversation in Ferguson, Missouri, when Michael Brown was gunned down in August 2014.
On Wednesday, an organization known as Law Enforcement Leaders to Reduce Crime & Incarceration—which includes more than 160 police chiefs, sheriffs, district attorneys, federal prosecutors and attorneys general—sent a letter signed by more than 70 of its members to House and Senate leadership in support of legislation that would address sentencing guidelines. The Sentencing Reform and Corrections Act of 2015, sponsored in the Senate by Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa), would reduce federal mandatory minimum sentences for some gun and drug crimes, and would make it possible for federal prisoners to earn credits for completing rehabilitative programs while incarcerated and reduce their time behind bars. A similar measure sponsored in the House by Rep. Bob Goodlatte (R-Va.) also addresses some of these problems.
"Common sense might suggest that more punishment keeps down crime," the group wrote. "But research has shown that arbitrarily increasing time served in prison does not necessarily translate into increased public safety gains…In fact, excessive incarceration can actually increase crime in some cases."
The group noted that half of all federal prisoners are drug offenders (compared with just 7 percent who are convicted of violent crimes), so current sentencing approaches and prosecution efforts waste money and resources. The federal inmate population has grown more than 400 percent over the past 30 years, they wrote, and the Federal Bureau of Prisons is 39 percent over capacity and consumes a quarter of the Justice Department's budget, in part because of tough-on-crime, mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
"These taxpayer dollars should instead target the country's most dangerous and serious offenders, those who pose the most risk to public safety," they wrote. (See the full letter below.)
While that effort focused on law enforcement reforms at the federal level, DeRay McKesson, Johnetta Elzie, Brittany Packnett, and Sam Sinyangwe—a group of activists who have been among the most prominent voices in calling for police reform in America—launched the Police Use of Force Project. This project of Campaign Zero, an effort to end police violence in America, published data outlining how policies governing police use of force often lead to police violence.
The data reveals use of force policies in several key areas for 17 major cities. (The data is downloadable, as well.)
Police Use of Force Project
Policies "often fail to include common-sense limits on police use of force," the group noted. For example, in many police departments, life preservation is not the primary objective, and many do not require officers to deescalate situations where possible. Policies often permit officers to "choke or strangle civilians," and many do not require officers to intervene and stop the use of excessive force. Many of the police departments reviewed by the group lacked transparency in their use of force policies, did not provide public data on police shootings, did not keep tabs on incidents where force was used, and, in some cases, provided access to the names of those shot by the police.
In the statement announcing the use-of-force project, the group said police policies often don't match their publicly stated values.
"Our analysis…shows that while many police departments have adopted value statements claiming to prioritize the preservation of life, their actual use of force policies do not reflect this commitment," the group wrote.
The survey is an ongoing process, and Campaign Zero asked community members to get to know police policies in order to become more engaged in police reform efforts.
"In the coming weeks, we will be forming a collective of legal scholars, academics, and activists to continue analyzing police use of force policies in the nation's largest 100 cities, as we work to develop a model use of force policy that is fair and in the interest of the public good," it wrote.
(See the Law Enforcement Leaders to Reduce | [
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Think you don't need public speaking skills?
Along with the results of its 21st annual Jobs Report Survey of 9,290 IT professionals, Computerworld published this article entitled "Nine Nontechie Skills that Hiring Managers Wish You Had."
#3 is "an aptitude for public speaking."
It's getting harder and harder to find a job that doesn't require competency in communication and public speaking skills.
What are you doing to improve your skills?
Also, see this post on public speaking practice for the self-employed.
What else can you do to get public speaking experience in your job?
I love the ideas of coming up with ways to get your foot in the door of public speaking;however, I have had the oppsite experience. I wrote this paper for one of our project groups that would save money etc...of course they ran with my idea and I was left at the table holding my copy of my paper. So, I've become a little reluctant in getting involved with the higher powers that be in my business.
The ideas to get involved are great! I don't currently work at a job where we have team meetings or reports of any sort but we do each take turns showing new people around and training them in.
Thanks for your comment, Courtney!
Your ideas for public speaking are excellent. I once had a job where I was asked to train people in and it's a great way to get to know someone. Hopefully after I finish my oral communications class, I will have more courage to try some of your other ideas. I found your blog on http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com/.
I like the ideas presented and will use them as SASS grows. Public speaking is very much a part of my 'job' now, as I do community education and various presentations to local businesses and schools.
I think the ideas listed here for public speaking are awesome. I usually put so much effort into thinking of how I could get better at public speaking but after reading this I learn that the little steps are the most important. I am a manager at my curent job so many of the listed items are things I will start to try because I have endless opportunities to do so.
Hi, Ter sent me to you from his instantpublicspeaker.blogspot site. Thank you for the suggestions for better commuication skills on public speaking. I have used the introducing new employee to others approach; it is a great way to get to know another person. Diane B., Ter's Oral Communications Summer Coarse. I apologize if this is being sent a second time, I'm not sure of this blog stuff.
I love the ideas presented in here. They make becoming better at public speaking seem so easy in stead of frightening. I think a lot of people get intimidated about public speaking so they don't think of things as simple as these to improve their ability to become better at it.
Thanks for stopping by, Natalie, and I'm happy to see Ter's students still finding my blog!
I received your link from http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com/. I like your idea for offering to be the one who gives the next report. I have tried that a couple times. I feel great when it is over except I blush so much during the speech. I am hoping to get that under control. The people I work with don't mind my tomato face though. They are used to it.
Abby, it's a huge step for you to be taking this class. Take baby steps if you have to, to get started speaking and building your confidence.
I enjoyed reading this blog. It gave more perspective to the word public speaking. The hints to being a better public speaker are good to know.
Hello Lisa! I was sent by Ter Scott via the link instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com. Where I work we do not have any meetings to lead. If, somewhere down the road, I work in a department like those you mentioned, the only thing I can see myself doing would be joining a book club. I am a very shy person and I don't like being in large groups of people even if I am not talking. I know, I have a lot to work on, but after 38 years it is really hard to change.
Change is always hard, but you wouldn't be taking the communications course if you weren't ready to shake things up a bit. :-) Joining a book club or other small club is a great idea, where you can get used to speaking up in a small group. Then you move on from there!
I think that the steps that were advised | [
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were very much needed, I can surely gain from this experiment and insight. I really want to work on my Oral Comm Skills and I hope that I can overcome this by taking this class.
Lisa this is awsome advice I enjoyed reading, these can improve my skills and once I start work I will apply some of these I like the idea of preparing something to share or asking questions to get experience speaking up. All of these are great ideas to get involved!
It's getting harder and harder to find a job that doesn't require competency in communication and public speaking skills is very true! I just looked in my local newspaper and most of the entry level jobs that I would be interested in, state this requirement of having good communication skills. My eyes are now more open!
Nice to hear from Ter's students. Thank you all for stopping by!
You made a really good article. They sound like a good way to be calm and build confidence to talk to other people. Sometimes I get nervous when I talk to a group of people. I hope this Oral Communications class helps me get more confident in speaking in front of a group of people. By reading your article I am going to try your seven ways to practice public speaking where I work. I found your link at http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com/.
Thanks for your comment, Megan! Good luck in your class.
Some of the ideas had me going: "I don't know, I really don't feel comfortable with that idea." As to jokes at my current place of work we don't have meeting that often and when we do it is the managers/PIC (Person In Charge) who put them together to tell us what we are doing wrong, not what we have done right. The idea of showing new people around and teaching them the ropes is a good idea as long as the new person is willing to do what is required instead of "passing the buck".
I would like to volunteer for some organizations that I am interested in but for me the problem is transportation and the time to do it or be available to do it.
Thanks for your comments, Julia and Heather.
Heather, there are seven suggestions on that list. Rather than focusing on the ones that wouldn't work for you, trying finding the one or two that would, and then go for it!
Those are some great suggestions to help people take small steps toward becoming a better public speaker,more experienced and comfortable in front of others.
Heather, I'm glad to hear you're willing to practice; that's the only way to accustom yourself to speaking! Good luck!
well, honestly, I have no problem talking to those that I work with because we are a small group. I have worked there for nearly 4 years. There are only about 20 people in my place of business. I have a really hard time meeting new people and talking to those I do not know. I just don't know what to say, and end up just being really quiet and avoiding the situation when I can.
You might find my posts on networking to be more helpful!
I like these ideas! They are opening up my mind to new things that I have never thought of doing to getting over that small fear of public speaking.
I agree about sharing something or having a question during a discussion. You are publicly speaking in front of the group but only for a short time. This gives you experience in speaking in front of a group. At my work when we have a group meeting, we go around the room and let everyone even if they don't have a question say something regarding the topic being discussed. This may be an exercise to get everyone to voice an opinion and speak or this may be a communication exercise to get everyone to speak in front of the group.
Thanks for your comments... it's great to see new faces each semester!
Hi Lisa, I got you link from http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com. I reall like all of your ideas for speaking in public. I'm a firm believer that practice makes perfect (or at least improvement). I have had the opportunity to speak publicly to generally a small group of co-workers and it does get easier.
Starting small to improve your skills. Taking the employee around the office, sounds simple, but for some, could be hard. But make it simple by having fun, but being professional. A book club, what a great idea. Read a book on what you like and talk about it. It is something you will know all about. To me if I feel I am looking good and feeling good about myself, I feel more confident and then the confidence is there.
Thank you Lisa for those helpful hints. It is small steps that | [
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] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.244886 | -1.759153 | -1.788622 | 0.777647 |
lead to bigger ones.
Ter Scott sent me to this article.
This article was a great insight to how to achieve the goal of being comfortable about speaking in public.
Hello Lisa, I got your link from: http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com/. I agree with your article and found it very informative. Your suggestions are great! There seem to be alot of things we can do to improve our public speaking which I never realized that I can incorporate it in my every day life.
So glad to hear that the link is still being found! I hope you'll find other helpful articles on the blog as well.
Ter Scott sent me. I like your list of things to help with communication. I have always been the nervous type to talk infront of my class or at a job where I need to speak in front of more than 5 people. It's nice to know there are good ways to prepare yourself before having to jump into it right off the bat. I think that sharing the responsibilities with someone would be helpful enough for me.
Ter Scott from www.terscott.com has asked me to visit your blog.
instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com The ideas you give for becomeing a better speaker were great. I expecially like the idea of telling a daily joke, what a great way to break the fear of speaking up.
Thank you all for stopping by! I'm glad the article is still useful to you.
I got this link from http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com by Ter Scott. I agree with you about the seven ways to practice public speaking. When i was reading them I all ready do some of those way at work. Like with the jokes some times that how we get through the day.
Lisa, your 7 ways to practice public peaking are so helpful. Iv never been good at it but your 7 ideas will definitly help me. #4 was my favorite. I think taking the lead on a project is a good way to jump in and be heard.
Also teri from terscott.com sent me.
I received your link from http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com by Ter Scott. The seven ways to practice public speaking are great ideas and easy to put in practice. I am going to try #2 at my next meeting.
I got this link from http://instantpublicspeaker.blogspot.com/.
I like the idea of when a new employee starts to introduce them to everyone in the office. It's a good way of working on your communication skills and also to keep acquainted with everyone in the workplace.
My boss always has our during our monthly meetings to go around the room and introduce ourselves for the new employees and where we work.
I like the ideas for things to do at work. Both of the jobs that I have don't have monthly meetings with the staff. It seems like everytime I go to one job there is always someone new working, I just am myself and let them know who I am, I wish my work environments would have meetings because the tips you gave would make them fun.
I like the idea of showing the new person around the office and introducing them to the staff. When I was in the working environment, before taking time out to be a stay at home mother. My job was training in employees and this was something I enjoyed. I loved learning where they were from and what they were hoping to get out of there job. The business was small enough that every one got along and we developed a camaraderie (tight knit family).
I'm pretty good at just about everything you mentioned. I'm not trying to talk myself up or anything but I do need to work on saying things correctly in a professional way. I can stand up in front of people and read something on paper to the crowd. Keeping my eyes mostly to the crowd. It's the initial writing that gets me sometimes.
I agree when she says that there are very few positions in the career world that don't require you to speak well. Weather it is on paper or in a conference room, it still will either make your interview or break it. I personally agree with improving your speaking skill by being the main representative in an office meeting. I had my own confidence go up alot when I began to speak more an more in work meetings.
I find the things you have listed to improve communication skills very helpful. Through the oral communication course I am taking I hope to improve on my skills and have the confidence to try some of your ideas at my place of employment.
I got your link from: http://instant publicspeaker.b logspot.com/ and was sent by Ter.
I never really | [
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] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.64319 | -1.922674 | -1.817314 | 0.345059 |
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F1 2019 Review: First Place Finish
Michael Straw
For the better part of the past decade, Codemasters has delivered racing hit after racing hit for gamers. From the Dirt Series to Grid to Formula 1, there hasn't been a racing game that wasn't a fun play from the studio.
Featuring updates to modes, a new series, and fine-tuned graphics and gameplay, F1 2019 takes everything that the team has been working on over the years, and puts it into a package that it hopes will get everyone from F1 diehards to the casual racing fan on board. But is that, along the two-month earlier release date, enough to get players to not only give the game a chance, but keep them playing long after the launch window?
What We've Been Waiting For
The mode offering is similar to last year with multiplayer, championships, grand prix, and more.
Multiplayer has been given a nice lift with the ability to customize the look of your car with custom liveries. The looks can be unlocked using either in-game currency, or, if you are too impatient, spending actual money on the cosmetics. The game's online leagues let's players find reliable drivers, and race more competitively than in your standard multiplayer quick races and race weekends. Weekly challenges also give you the opportunity to earn rewards and complete different scenarios each week.
That said, the biggest update comes to F1 2019's career mode.
The mode starts you out in the newly added F2 series, though you can skip it if you want to just get to the F1 series. But I wouldn't recommend that at all. You don't spend that much time in the feeder series, and it helps make you even more invested in the game's story and your career.
If you aren't familiar with it, the F2 series is one step below F1 and features a few tweaks to the rules and point systems of the races.
The mode starts with a cutscene at the Spanish Grand Prix where a glitch in your car's turbo system causes you to fall back. From there you choose whether to let your teammate pass or try and catch Devon Butler — your main rival and the biggest piece of garbage F1 has ever seen. The decision made will help determine how things move from there.
You play in three races total in the F2 series (two partial and one full) with a few cutscenes between where Butler continues to be a jackass. After the season ends, you will move up to the F1 alongside both Butler and fellow rival/friend Lukas Weber where the mode then starts to feel like what you'd expect from an F1 career.
You have to make the right decisions at the right time…
You'll unlock your RPG-like upgrade tree that you use to improve your car, partake in more interviews, and race to achieve team goals. On top of that, cutscenes will see you interact with Weber and Butler that truly give you the sense of rivalry building. It adds a nice flair of drama to a mode that needed another way to keep you hooked.
There's even driver transfers that finally see AI drivers jump to other teams during your career. It's a small addition, but goes a long way towards adding even more realism to the mode. Lastly, you'll even see long-time veterans start to fall off as the seasons pass, making way for younger drivers like yourself and your rivals.
Improving on Perfection
When it comes to gameplay, not much has changed from 2018 to 19 as it remains excellent. And you know how the saying goes: if it ain't broke, don't fix it.
The game feels almost identical to 2018, but with the amount of settings at your disposal, F1 2019 will play on the course exactly the way you want. If you need assistance with anything at all, the game | [
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offers it. If you want to try and be as independent behind the wheel as possible, you can do that too.
But no matter what settings you use, you'll notice how handling the cars has changed. You have to make the right decisions at the right time on the track otherwise you're either getting a penalty for making contact with an opponent or worse.
Speaking of opponents, the AI is also improved in F1 2019. No longer will they stay perfectly in their line with no give, and force you to either go off course or hit them. Instead, you'll find yourself fighting more for the position when going for a pass. If you make even the slightest mistake in a race, you'll find opponents taking advantage of any chance to overtake you. Even taking the wrong line will see the AI attempt to push past.
Classic cars return with each having their own unique feel making for some fun racing whether it be solo or online with others.
Visually, F1 2019 somehow found a way to look better than its predecessor. Night racing looks crisper than ever while driving in heavy downpours can prove to be impossible if you aren't careful enough. It got so bad in one race, that I couldn't even see the car directly in front of me through the rain.
The environments look better than ever, and the natural lighting and shadowing has been fine tuned. I know it's been said with F1 games passed, but this year's installment really makes you feel, at times, that you're watching an actual Formula 1 race, especially with the overall presentation of each event. We've hit the point where the series is pushing the graphical limitations of the current consoles, and there's really nowhere else it can go.
If you really want to revel in the graphics of the game, the new Theatre Mode gives you highlights from your races, and automatically saves them for you. The deep photo mode also returns, giving you the best shots possible.
F1 2019 is a rare occasion where a game can look and feel the same, but do enough to put it over the top.
The driving feels nearly flawless, the environments are true to life, and there's enough variety in play that you won't want to put it down. The career mode finally has that added boost with true rivalries and driver transfers to really make you hooked for more than just a few hours, and the online improvements are sure to lead to some fun leagues forming throughout the year.
At the end of the day, F1 2019 is not only the best Formula 1 game from Codemasters, but it's the best Formula 1 game ever released and easily one of the best racing games of all-time.
Want to talk sports and/or games with the fastest growing community in gaming? Join the conversation by subscribing to the official SGO subreddit at r/SportsGamersOnline, and check out our Twitter and Facebook pages as well as our growing YouTube Channel!
And If you want to go further to support SGO and help us grow the network, consider becoming a Patron where you'll get early access to exclusive news and interviews as well your chance to submit video topics, take part in livestreams, enter patron-only giveaways, and more.
For more on how we score our reviews, read the SGO review policy.
F1 2019 Review
Game Modes - 10/10
Presentation - 10/10
Longevity - 10/10
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Michael Straw is a gamer who just happens to be an experienced journalist. In his near decade-long career, Mike has traveled across the United States to cover some of the biggest events in gaming and sports, including E3, PAX, as well as the NFL and NHL Drafts. His work covering gaming and sports led his content being featured on Fox Sports 1, SI.com and others. He was once the second-ranked player in the world in NHL 09 on Xbox Live, and is a huge pro wrestling junkie.
How To Make Money On eSports
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Mark: Yeah, usually, um—it can be different processes. Sometimes people will bring songs that are pretty finished, you know, it's like, the package is done, so we just add in what needs to be added in. But most of the time people will come in and have a song and really kind of throw it into the band and open it up for the band's interpretation. So lots of times, songs will dramatically change from what they sounded like when they were written by an individual, after it's gone through the process of the group. It's pretty fun—it's a really like, fun, collaborative process that's just all of us inputting our influences, and just kind of seeing what happens.
Kayla: Yeah. So, when you guys are at shows nowadays, do you have a song that's kind of, recently, or overall, a really fun song to perform, like maybe your favorite one that gets the most energy?
Mark: Sure, yeah, I think there's two that come to mind off of our new record, Rooms. The single that we released, "As I Am", the first track on the record, that's definitely really fun to play, and it's gotten really good responses from the audience. And then the other one, I think it's the fifth track on the album, it's called "Hold It Down"—and that's actually a really interesting story for what we were talking about with the process of writing songs; like, that song was literally the complete opposite of what it turned out to be. It was kind of like, almost like a rock song or something when it was first brought to the band, and we wrote the whole thing, and played it in practice and stuff. And we had a producer work with us with this album, and he came to Colorado—he lives in San Francisco. And he sat with us the night before we recorded, and listened to that song, and he was like, "You know, I don't know if this song really holds up to the rest of the songs—let's play with it." So he had us play the song at half the speed that we normally played it, so just sloooowed it down big time, and all these elements of the song that were really the best parts, this kind of like gospel-y, haunting feel, came out so much more on the slow-down. So we kind of like worked on it with that, and it's become now one of our favorite songs to play, and definitely like a stompin' song—it's great.
Kayla: That's really interesting. Yeah, so, I really like that—I don't know if it's all of you or at least most of you—sing during your shows, and contribute to harmonies, and stuff like that. And you have, you know, the three female vocalists all next to each other, and they've got this great harmony going on, and a lot of you contribute to that. And I was wondering, before you start a show, do you get together and do some group warm-ups, or get in sync, in any kind of funky ways at all?
Mark: —like, "oh, we played last night, no big deal." But yeah, definitely like, it helps sometimes, for sure.
Kayla: Yeah, yeah. So, how has it been with your experience performing at Red Rocks? I know that's an awesome, awesome place to perform and to see a show.
Mark: Yeah. Well it's funny, because I actually played—well, Sarah and I did, and Paul who also plays in Paper Bird, he plays guitar—we all played with this other guy Patrick Dethlefs, who's from Denver—just two nights ago, not last night but the night before, we got to play there with him. And it was amazing, it's such an incredible venue. But then, to like do that, and then I'll be able to do it with Paper Bird just a couple weeks from now, with DeVotchKa—it's gonna be incredible. I don't know, there's no place like Red Rocks—it's just incredible.
Kayla: Wow. Okay, so this is coming up. When is that happening?
Mark: June 14th with DeVotchKa, and then we also have one there with The Lumineers on September 14th.
Kayla: Wow, that's really awesome!
Kayla: So, The Lumineers, you know, there's a | [
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lot of good buzz about them too right now. Do you guys have any bands that are on repeat, you know, kind of new, current bands that you're big supporters of?
Mark: Yeah, yeah, um, it's kind of cool being from here, from Denver, cause there's this like, really incredible music scene here, but I think it's a little bit underrepresented, currently. And it's growing, which is really cool. It's funny cause we've been part of the scene for so long and just now it's starting to gain this like, notoriety, nationally, I think. But yeah, there's so many good bands here—like Patrick Dethlefs, who I just spoke about, I play with him occasionally, but he's incredible. He's a songwriter from here, really great guy, and his music's just wonderful. And I really love this band Bad Weather California from here—they're like, a really fun band. And, oh man, Nathaniel Rateliff, who's from here as well; he's kind of a bigger act—he tours nationally and stuff, as well, but he just started this new band called The Night Sweats—it's Nathaniel Rateliff and the Night Sweats, and it's like this soul band—and it's incredible, it's so great. So, yeah, there's a few—oh, wait, I should say one more: from Colorado Springs, Mike Clark and the Sugar Sounds. Mike Clark plays in this other band called The Haunted Windchimes, who are fairly well-known, and he kind of started his own project called The Sugar Sounds, and they're just amazing—they're so good. So there's some bands from Colorado that I really love.
Kayla: Excellent, I will have to check them out. So what about all-time bands or musicians from any era—is there anyone you've listened to maybe your whole life and never really put aside?
Mark: Yeah, sure—um, there's a couple. You ever listen to The Weakerthans?
Mark: They're from Canada. It's funny, cause they're like— Well, the writer is named John K. Samson, and he had some solo stuff— I started listening to them in like, fifth grade or sixth grade, and fell in love with their music, and it just has continued—every record they put out, I just love it. So definitely them—I think like Paul Simon, I love Paul Simon, um, specifically like Graceland is such an incredible record—that'll always be one of my tops. Um, but yeah, I don't know, I mean it's kind of funny—I kind of grew up listening to, a lot of like, punk, and a lot of like, harder music, and then slowly it's simmered into more of this, folk, or like, alt-folk kind of world. So, it's kind of funny that a lot of my influences are very different than what I actually play.
Kayla: Mm-hmm, mm-hmm. That's interesting because, you know, I've talked to people in jazz bands, and reggae bands, and a lot of those people will listen to a lot of punk or metal, even, and then kind of still hold that true to them, but then maybe acquire a taste for those other kind of genres later on. I think that's really interesting, whenever I hear someone mention that same kind of thing.
Kayla: Um, so what about anything random that you would admit listening to? Like, any guilty pleasure pop songs, or maybe international music, or is there a certain genre that is totally in your mix because you just happen to like it?
Mark: Oh, sure, um—I love pop music—I'm a huge fan of pop music. Like Beyoncé is the jam—we always listen to like, Beyoncé and Rihanna on the bus and just like, dance—it's great. And then also it's hilarious because all of us have a guilty pleasure for pop country music, like just putting on the pop country radio station and jamming out—it's great. So, I don't know, no shame, I like, love pop music and dance music—it's definitely great.
Kayla: Yes. Good pop, you know, good pop music—absolutely.
Mark: Yeah, I think like the whole, like, | [
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] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.351785 | -1.982372 | -1.379768 | -1.305606 |
Washing machines are designed to be tough, but their job may make them suffer repairs at an unexpected instant. Have you recently bought a washing machine after having enough of your family's bickering? So you have bought the electronic appliance. Now you want to know how to make the best of it.
In this article how to make good use of the washing machine, you will gain valuable tips on operating the washing machine, learn of the detergent, fabric softener for various garments and the ways to prevent the clothes from getting spoiled. However, it also helps you to know how to use a top loader washing machine.
You should separate clothes that have strict instructions from the manufacturers as dry clean or hand wash. Do you have doubts on where to search for the instructions? In shirts, you can find the instruction labels on the interior of the shirt. It can also be located in the neck area. You can find the labels in the pants near the belt area or near the rear of the pants.
You need to separate the laundry according to color. If you have dyed a cloth to your favorite color, beware of washing it in the appliance. It can lose the color and damage the entire load. This is the main reason, home improvement experts specify on differentiating the clothes by shade. So, separate the clothes – darks from the light ones. The dark colors include blacks, dark reds, dark purples and dark blues. Light includes pinks, whites, light green, lavender and sky blue colors.
clothes, they are spun and tossed around. There is a special parameter for heavy clothes in washing machines such as setting and temperature. When the load is mixed with clothes lightweight, they can get damaged.
For example, you should wash the lingerie, washable silks and pantyhose separately. In case of heavy fabrics, you have the jackets, heavy cotton pants, bath towels, and sweaters.
There is a special variety to wash delicate garments under a normal load. The mesh wash bags. You can load one or two of these bags to protect them during a wash load of medium clothes. Please note that these bags do not protect the garments from other color letting garments.
Stained Clothes – Do you have stained clothes? Then be careful. Some stains spread when they are subjected to heat. So avoid washing them in the appliance. In case of oil stains and greases, pre-treatment is required.
Right Washing Cycle – It contains two speeds. One where the clothes are mixed with water; and the second is spinning the water from the clothes. You should know to set the right cycle for the fabric you use.
Normal – The cycle is the need for dirty and sweating clothes. On a normal basis, you can wash linen, cotton, towels, light denim (old) and bedsheets.
Permanent – It follows a fast and slow approach. This cycle prevents wrinkles. Synthetic fibers such polyesters, rayons and knits can be washed.
Delicate cycle – as the name suggests, it needs a slow approach and prevents wear as well tear. It is required for specific and expensive garments such as lingerie or woolen fabrics.
Special cycles – New models have special parameters such as (1) sanitize (2) steam (3) remove stains (4) protect garments. You can refer the manual for further explanations of the cycle.
Do you bathe in hot water? There is a popular theory, that hot water can kill the germs on the skin, activates the nerves etc. In reality, medium water temperature allows the detergents to get dissolved quickly so that the dirty clothes look clean and bright. But be cautious. In some clothes, hot water can play havoc and shrink the clothes, the fabrics can suffer a fade, certain stains can spread. The electricity bill can explode. So check the instructions' manual and choose a temperature that can prove better for you and the cloth.
Cool water – delicate cycle – delicate clothes such as lingerie.
Warm water – dark color clothes and for a daily load.
Hot water – bedding, dirty clothes and kitchen towels.
Detergent – Home improvement experts advise on the use of water and dissolving of detergents before loading clothes. The detergent should be properly dissolved before loading the clothes. Have an eye on the amount of detergent. You can check on the detergent | [
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< Krita
Difference between revisions of "Krita/C++11"
Miabrahams (talk | contribs)
(Initial list of links discussing C++11/Qt)
(→General links to C++11 and Qt)
= General links to C++11 and Qt =
Note: most of these links demonstrate a Silicon Valley level of optimism. Take them with a grain of salt. There is no such thing as a free lunch.
'''Note:''' as would be expected from those interested in hot new technology, the writers of most of these links demonstrate Silicon Valley levels of extreme optimism. Take this with a grain of salt. There is no such thing as a free lunch.
http://www.ics.com/blog/qt-and-c11
http://blog.qt.io/blog/2011/05/26/cpp0x-in-qt/
http://woboq.com/blog/cpp11-in-qt5.html
http://woboq.com/blog/cpp14-in-qt.html
http://artandlogic.com/2013/09/qt-5-and-c11-lambdas-are-your-friend/
http://www.dvratil.cz/2015/06/qt-containers-and-c11-range-based-loops/
https://archive.fosdem.org/2013/schedule/event/introcplusplus11/attachments/slides/203/export/events/attachments/introcplusplus11/slides/203/fosdem2013_cpp11.pdf
https://www.kdab.com/wp-content/uploads/stories/slides/DD12/mutz-dd-speed-up-your-qt-5-programs-using-c++11.pdf
* [http://www.ics.com/blog/qt-and-c11 ICS.com]
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2011/05/26/cpp0x-in-qt/ qt.io]
* [http://woboq.com/blog/cpp11-in-qt5.html woboq.com: c++11 in Qt5]
* [http://woboq.com/blog/cpp14-in-qt.html woboq.com: c++14 in Qt5]
* [http://artandlogic.com/2013/09/qt-5-and-c11-lambdas-are-your-friend/ "C++11 lambdas are your friend"]
* [http://www.dvratil.cz/2015/06/qt-containers-and-c11-range-based-loops/ Warning: c++11 range-based for may be slower]
* [https://archive.fosdem.org/2013/schedule/event/introcplusplus11/attachments/slides/203/export/events/attachments/introcplusplus11/slides/203/fosdem2013_cpp11.pdf FOSDEM 2013 presentation slides]
* [https://www.kdab.com/wp-content/uploads/stories/slides/DD12/mutz-dd-speed-up-your-qt-5-programs-using-c++11.pdf KDAB: speed up your Qt 5 programs using C++11]
= Particular Features =
General links to C++11 and Qt
Note: as would be expected from those interested in hot new technology, the writers of most of these links demonstrate Silicon Valley levels of extreme optimism. Take this with a grain of salt. There is no such thing as a free lunch.
ICS.com
qt.io
woboq.com: c++11 in Qt5
"C++11 lambdas are your friend"
Warning: c++11 range-based for may be slower
FOSDEM 2013 presentation slides
KDAB: speed up your Qt 5 programs using C++11
Particular Features
Retrieved from "https://community | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.07792 | -0.077224 | -0.429359 | -0.098913 |
Most Helpful (Weighted)
Most Helpful (All Time)
Friends Only (Weighted)
7 of 24 episodes seen
Overall Rating: 10
HEISENB3RG (All reviews)
138 people found this review helpful
Character 10
Enjoyment 10
*Edit*
Now with all the crap dealt with the scoring, ignore the first paragraph and enjoy the rest of the simple review :)
If you're someone who is new or returning to this wonderful series and is glancing at the scores for this season in comparison to the two previous seasons, it is pretty obvious there is quite a difference. Simply put, this is due to a few "trolls" who lead sorry lives and have nothing better to do than ruin the score and reputation of a niche and amazing anime. As stated by others, it is honestly disturbing, and frankly repulsive, that a few individuals are able to manipulate the score of an anime as much as seen with this particular anime (going from a score of ~8.6 to sub 8 in a matter of a few days).
Despite all of the negative score manipulation, this season (and series as a whole) are without a doubt, a MUST WATCH and you will be very pleased to have done so :)
Story: 9.5/10
Honestly, it is a very simple story that follows the main character Chihaya and her obsession and love with the traditional game of Karuta and her dream of being the Queen. However, credit must be given when it's due as studio MADHOUSE and the original material do an absolutely amazing job at keeping the story enticing and engaging, so much so that an episode feels as if it is only a few minutes long.
Art & Animation: 10/10
MADHOUSE does an absolutely stellar job at bringing the anime to life with absolutely stunning character designs and background visuals that are a feast for the eyes to see. I honestly am in awe as to just how well the visuals enhance the raw emotions seen during every match of Karuta played, and can't praise MADHOUSE enough for their work.
Character: 10/10
Having watched many anime over the years, it is unfortunate to see that there are lots of anime suffer from a somewhat dull set of background characters. This is not the case with this anime however, as every single character that plays a role in this story has their story fleshed out to a degree in which you can learn to love them as a character, and not a single one is missed. Simple put, Every single character gets plenty of development and has a unique personality attached to them that greatly enhances the enjoyment and love for this series.
Sound: 10/10
The OP and ED are phenomenal as always and the voice acting is top-notch again in this season. It is as simple as that.
Overall: 10/10
This is without a doubt one of my favourite anime's of all time and I just hope that a chance is given to this absolutely fantastic anime, as I can guarantee that you too will like this as well.
permalink | report
paperminh (All reviews)
First things first : Please watch this. Get the season 1 & 2 and take your time to appreciate them, before coming back here and enjoying this third season, which is really starting in a most beautiful and endearing manner. I'm positive fans of this show keep on watching this because it's such a well-rounded piece of entertainment. Even the word entertainment sounds improper to describe Chihayafuru, because you're just gonna fall in love with the game which it's about (Karuta card game) and at least a couple characters.
If you're not gonna read much further, please know that it's a delicious piece of Japanese culture and a masterful anime, with everything you could wish for, in a manga adaptation : it's goofy in a heartwarming way (with the MC which is the goofiest of all and a couple of scenes in the first S3 episode entered my own personal anthology of goofiness). It's the definition of funny, but a genuine funniness not in a trying-hard way at all. It's of course super heartwarming because it does not forget to be frustrating and very naturalistic in the character growth department. It's not just an entertainment piece. It' | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.353844 | -1.482725 | -1.23631 | -0.5851 |
s the kind of stories which are gonna make you a better person, provided that you keep yourself opened enough in order for the characters to make you feel real funny inside, and let'em be a part of your persona!
Only six episodes are out at the moment I'm writing this, but to be clear and maybe hasty about it, I'm convinced everything I could think now about the show will still be valid after the S3 finale. In one hour of running time, the show accomplishes the tricky job of maintaining a good continuity in between seasons, while introducing new characters and changing up their equilibrium, in terms of sportsmanship. I can't begin to tell how much it felt like home, with this new season finally coming out after so many years (not so many but it really seemed like decades). The overall quality of the show are unchanged, maybe there is more care in the art, or maybe I am just totally biased on this judgement by my enthusiasm.
We get the same awesome voice actors team again which I never felt like there was a weakness anywhere. Unfortunately one actor passed away in between seasons which is major league sadness because he did one of the most awesome fatherly figure everyone could wish for in existence, and I could perceive the changes in the character despite all the substitute's efforts. I think the MC's voice is really fitting perfectly, she's really doing the job in an even and solid fashion, and it's not an easy task, because as the MAL page says it it's about Drama, Game, Josei, School, Slice of Life, Sports and far so FAR from being humorless even if it's not a straight casual comedy. So the shifts in tones are numerous and yes the voice team are totally managing them. A few words about the music : after three seasons, the different pieces are now engraved in my soul, for the better or the worse but I think mostly for the former. Since when the first notes of a specific music are played, oh boy, I know what's about to take place and I brace myself for it. So the music is now completely part of the vocabulary of the storytelling and the director really respected that aspect of the spectator's side or experience, in my opinion it really enhances your reception of the visual aspect of the show, maybe some people are gonna want changes and new pieces, I don't see the point in that.
The narration has always been this show's forte, and it has yet to disappoint. Every technical aspect I've been writing about are reinforcing the storytelling. To me everything is making sense, because every detail has a purpose, every sequence. For instance new flashbacks are keeping on giving us more information about our heroes' childhood ; those flashes are feeling natural and grounded in present times. Also characters are loyal to who they are, what they believe in, who they're attached to, they're growing and yet they stay the same, only stronger albeit hopelessly flawed in the most human way. Best example for this is the Taichi character, which has grown to be one of my most loved piece of fiction. Yeah, never have I experienced a moment where I told myself : huh that was a little off (okay maybe in the OVA, but c'mon, it's an OVA...). Big plus : characters don't have "plot armor". We don't get Deux Ex Machina's or super duper twists/cheats that gives us stupid happy endings or a way out of dire situations. Life is just life in this show : lose some, win some, #gitgud.
I feel like I have not given enough technical arguments and precisions in this little review, to try and convince you to watch this but that's because this show really is the best advocate it's ever gonna get. In the end it's a matter of experiencing the shear emotions maelstrom it has to offer, first hand. So please watch it, and please buy the mangas. Simple reasoning behind this and - I want to be adamant about it : this story has awesome educational value. People and younger people need the kind of role models Chihayafuru is carefully putting together, female or male (Josei, Seinen, Shoujo.. I'm not even sure these could make any sense in this case). If you got spare money, use it as a vote, and vote for Chihaya and more highly smart content and respectful for its viewers' IQ.
Buttnip (All reviews)
In case you're wondering why the score on season 3 on this particular website | [
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is so low, it's because certain people were upset that Chihayafuru 3 was the HIGHEST rated show of the season, when there are much bigger titles out there. You can easily find proof on weekly records of the ratings.
I've never written a review, I think there are better places for reviews to be, but a score below 7 (6.9 atm, 29/11/19) just goes to show how jealous some people can get. If anything, a score this low reflects more about the website, than it does for the anime.
Since I'm not a professional critic, I'll share only my 2 cents. Please take the following with a grain of salt. There are no spoilers in this review.
Chihayafuru excels at both the school-drama-romance and the sports-passion-competition. If you enjoy either genres, this could be your "gateway drug". If you don't find the sport "Karuta" interesting, the show will make you fall in love with it. If you find the visuals odd and weird, the art style will definitely grow on you. This is me speaking from experience, as someone who avoided sports anime, knew nothing about Karuta, and usually picks generic art styles over unique ones.
After starting season 1, it took me only 2 days to binge through both seasons 1 and 2. Chihayafuru has this special charm where I couldn't find in anywhere else, whether it be escapist fantasy, or close-to-home slice-of-life. Instead of being told what is happening, I experienced the story from natural conversations and messages were conveyed by strong animation, something modern anime often lack. On top of that, character development has been impeccable, especially in this very season. This is frankly the most enjoyable anime of the season for me (I'm caught up to 14 shows airing this season), and no amount of low ratings can change that fact.
I'm rating this season an overall 9, as I did with season 2. Personally, I preserve the 10/10 rating for anime that are especially impactful, or ones with strong personal attachment. Since I'm only 8 episodes in, I think the current 9/10 is fair. It does have strong potential to reach a 10.
TLDR: There is no reason for you to not watch it, and you shouldn't judge a book by it's covers. Why not give it a shot, and then give it a deserved rating?
24 of 24 episodes seen
Kipo0007 (All reviews)
78 people found this review helpful
There are few rare anime series which have a consistency of delivering top notch quality throughout consecutive seasons and even few who can take it up to another level. Chihayafuru is one of those.
The 3rd season of this amazing series has just been so amazing that i am sure that all the older and new fans were hooked onto it with the utmost interest and awe. Madhouse has just outdone themselves again and its not just a regular praise, it comes from a heart of a fan
who has read the manga and seen the adaptation with such finesse and quality it actually makes me happy to be a anime fan especially for this show.
This underrated show has been like the one of the most beautiful gems of the fall season, that i cant appreciate and praise it enough.
The story continues with our trio with their journey of Karuta. The unique aspect of this show which is karuta is that even though its based on a card game,
its unlike other card based shows which captivates the viewers with just the hype, or through unbelievable power ups of characters in a battle or some unreal logic, but through
realistic game plays which is portrayed through the playstyle of the players, their background story, personality,how they view & perceive karuta through their minds and most importantly how karuta is presented through these beautiful traditional japanese poems which have depth in their storytelling of folklore and depicts what these stories are
trying to convey with their words and poetry which will leave you mesmerized. Absolute breathtaking stuff.
The main trio are great characters with their own stories and development. One of the element which i found missing in the first two seasons was one of the trio i.e Arata Wataya not getting enough screen time for the viewers to watch and understand his character more in depth | [
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,but this season it was quite well resolved which made me satisfied. Also there was major development with the other male character Taichi Mashima and his transformation, which had
been quite a sight to watch. As for our female MC Chihaya Ayase, she continues through various developments regarding her future in general life and the game which is her most important passion i.e Karuta.
I am actually quite happy to see the three progressing with the story line which perfectly paced and enjoyable to watch.
But another main factor is that makes chihayafuru so special is that it not only focuses on the main trio but also on the supporting side characters as well,depicting their journey so far with their personal development & background story in relation
to the game. Also one of the interesting things that caught my eye this season is how they explore the character background in depth of the new challengers, major professional players and even more importantly the Master and queen (The reigning champions)
whom had been shown as mystery figures on the surface so far in season 1 & 2 and since our
main characters ultimate goal is to win the title from them, it was actually unique seeing things from the perspective of the opposite side.
The narration has been so on point and it actually never fails to keep you interested.Every tiny detail, every tiny scene, flashback or sequence makes up for the bigger picture in the present & for future scenarios. Almost every character is portrayed developing
in the most humane way and the changes make them more sensibly compatible for the plot. Especially the trio who inspite keeping their original self,develop necessary changes which make bigger impacts for their personal story and with the main story as well.
Coming to animation and sound, Boy i cant praise mad house enough,Not a single episode from these 24 episodes have gone by and i have been like "Meh that was ok i guess" and i am not exaggerating. Every episode has been adapted so gracefully with attention to details from the
source material. The beautiful art and colors, fluid life like animation, brilliant character designs and visuals. Even when a important scene happens or emotions are being depicted, it literally comes to life that viewers can actually feel them with their eyes, its
that mindblowing. The sound is so pure and crystal clear with the amazing performance of all the VA's of different character make it even more enticing and enjoyable. The OP and ED are equally well made, especially the ED with the artwork and the music from Band harassment made it my favorite.
Overall as its one my personal favorite series i would easily give it a 10/10. Its underrated as hell and i would love that other anime fans would give this masterpiece a chance especially if they enjoy a mix of competitive sport,Japanese culture and a amazing story with brilliant characters.
I know my review might seem i am over selling this, but trust me please do give this a try, it will definitely be worth your time and i am positive you would appreciate this amazing piece of work and the content it tries to share with its viewers.
I just want this beautiful series to be recognized and appreciated more for its value it truly deserves.
DHancock (All reviews)
Enjoyment 9
This message goes for you, innocent lector, for you who love anime and the only thing you are looking for in the page is the recommendation for a good anime. So one thing I have to tell you: Chihayafuru is, with no doubt, an incredible manga-anime.
Chihayafuru 3 follow the lead of the first two seasons to make an incredible spokon from a discipline quite unknown outside Japan: (competitive) karuta. A discipline that, though creates some scepticism at first, you will soon love because of the righteous adaptation to animation it has.
While the first season focused on the presentation of the characters and world of karuta and the second one on a pure display of the "sport", the techniques and the competitive factor, this season focus on what it supposed to: going further and beyond. However, I got to admit I missed a bit the "slice of life" essence of the first season during the second one, which is filled with matches and matches. Don't misunderstand me: Yuki Suetsugu is a wonderful writer that accomplishes to reinvent her work constantly. Chapter after chapter she brings new ideas, new strategies, new thoughts about the discipline, new personalities and cast of rivals, new emotions and gestures about the tatami, all created in a sublime way and with an | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.680019 | -0.934816 | -0.866009 | -0.487546 |
unprecedented plot and directional quality, making her work remain fresh and interesting game after game. But that doesn't mean that I didn't miss there more of the emotional drug that I like: more interaction between the characters, more unrequited love, more moments at school, more real interaction from the rest of the secondary characters in play beyond being mere spectators of a game. It is also true that I found the introduction of the new freshman members of the club a bit forced and accelerated, but this is something that can be easily overlooked. After all, we are talking between an outstanding and a remarkable high.
In fact, all these aspects that I missed a little during the second season are clearly manifested again during the third season, and I have only needed 6-7 episodes to prove it. In this, the author manages to insert incredibly emotional moments about the feelings and background of the characters between game and game in a very organic and realistic way.
To all this we must add the incredible work of animation and artistic direction of Madhouse, who returns to work in Chihayafuru almost five years later, which manages not only to maintain the high level of the first two seasons but to refine the animation and the direction of the work after several years of pause.
It is clear, therefore, that Chihayafuru remains the underrated jewel of the slice of life and spokon genre that it always was. We are facing a work full of love and passion that people full of love and passion know how to appreciate.
Stark700 (All reviews)
Before Chihayafuru season 3 got announced, I'm sure some fans have been clinging onto hopes that the franchise would again take the anime medium by storm. The first two seasons have gained a cult following since the franchise introduced us to the world of its karuta and wonderful cast of characters. Now more than six years later, we are back in this franchise as if it's almost yesterday.
It did take a bit of time for the anime franchise to return but jumping back into Chihayafuru's third season felt like going back to school after a Summer break. We reunite with our friends, learn the competitive game of karuta, and experience new memories that will last for generations to come. Watching Chihayafuru 3 reminds me that games such as karuta isn't just a competitive sport but a poetry in motion. Every episode capitalizes on the creativeness of the game that exemplifies on commitment, strategy, and wit. I won't be explaining the fundamentals of the game since you shouldn't be watching this season without the first two anyway. But coming into this new season, we got ourselves another masterful adaptation.
With Chihayafuru 3 at our hands, the show draws us into the everlasting karuta experience similar to the previous season. Despite being a complex game, the anime makes it clear that anyone can pick karuta up. However, learning the game is one thing and mastering is another. We see the best of the best compete at the highest level in this season. Of course, I'm talking about the Queen Title matches. But before we get to that, you should also remember why Chihayafuru 3 managed to create such a faithful audience. It's been six years after all and fans have been anticipating this show since the dawn of time. This is easily answered by the charming lovable cast of our three characters – Chihaya, Taichi, and Arata. The three make up the heart and soul of this franchise with their complex relationship between one another. Early in the season, we witness Chihaya once again picking up karuta and going head to head against none other than Taichi. If there's anything that tells us about Chihaya's character is that she is eager to learn, whether through success or failure. Her skills show improvement as she is able to match head on with fast paced strategy and clever tactics in these games. Still, a big question that surrounds her is why she is there. Why does Chihaya want to be a karuta player? This question extends to other prominent characters such as Shinobu, Suo, Haruka, and among others. The fact remains that every character has a purpose in the show, a reason to be where they are in the present timeline.
As every episode progressed, the drama begins to mount up with the higher stakes in these high level karuta games. The karuta games themselves in fact are presented with superhuman-like reactions. It may take years of practice to reach such levels but the anime portrays it like poetry in | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.573932 | -0.187535 | -0.020953 | 0.529731 |
motion. As I mentioned that before, karuta is much more than just a competitive sport. It's like a work of art with each card representing a piece of value between two players. Adding to the game is the amount of emotions that us, the audience can easily get invested into. For instance, we witness Dr. Harada's side of the story this season and why he picked up karuta. In his match against Arata, it represents a clash of new and old generation. Meanwhile, we also follow the journey of Shinobu Wakamiya, one of the most prominent Queens of this era. Fans will remember Shinobu as being the youngest Queen in karuta history and a prodigy with nearly unrivaled skills. She returns this season to compete against Haruka, another skilled karuta player with several titles in her name. The psychological pressure embedded into their match felt like none other as we witness the true potential of high class competitors. And that's one other thing that identifies these karuta game: the psychology. Each game threads together a formula from start to finish to test the players' ability to outplay one another. From tagging cards to crafting advanced moves in their heads, karuta at such exceptional high level feels like a different game. Watching the high level competitors such as Arata, Shinobu, Suo, and Haruka compete are such examples where they push these games to the limit.
And at the same time, Chihayafuru 3 delivers its character relationship so well, being able to get the viewers understand them on a personal level. There's a complex relationship angle between Chihaya, Taichi, and Arata built from the very first season. Carrying into this third season also means new developments including an unparalleled confession that will surprises more than just the fans. For a show being so human and realistic, Chihayafuru scores with much more than karuta competition. From the first episode to the finish, it celebrates the personal commitment of the cast and how much people can change over time.
Though the show has aged, Chihayafuru's life cycle still stays true with its art style. Madhouse returns for this season to give us an elegant feast of visuals to lay eyes on. From the photorealistic settings to the mature character looks, everywhere, the camera angles lines up to showcase the technical achievements of the anime. And as a show loaded with drama, there's plenty of time to experience a breather too with the light comedy. We can expect Chihaya and her friends to return to also enjoy their school life like normal people would. There's also running gags that I'm sure fans are eager to see again. The character voices also makes their return in their noticeable accents. When combined with the emotive dialogues, it brings out so much worth to them.
Welcome back Chihayafuru 3. I can say with supreme confidence that the third season is no short of delivering the house it has built. From the complex character relationships to the high stake karuta games, there's something in store for returning fans. Even as someone who has read the manga, this is a classic to watch in animated form and that's thanks to the wonderful talent of the staff and producers. I thank them for giving us this wonderful season.
DarthInvader (All reviews)
*Minimum Spoiler Review*
TL;DR: Do you like sports anime? Do you like sports anime based on actual sports and not something completely made up? Well, if you've been hiding under a rock or not yet cultured on the competitive game that is Karuta, then get yourself educated because Chihayafuru S3 is back... after 7 goddamn years to give us something heavenly to cherish during these quarantined time.
[Story: 8/10 , Characters: 9/10, Art: 9/10, Sound: 9/10, Enjoyment: 9/10]
"Naniwa-zu ni / Sakuya kono hana / Fuyu-gomori / Ima o haru-be to/ Sakuya kono hana"
How long should a studio wait before delivering something to the fans that can both live up to the expectation of its predecessor and heighten it so it can set a new bar for itself to be a strong contender as one of the best real sports based shounen anime? If you ask director Morio Asaka and Studio Madhouse, it's apparently 7 years. Fans of Chihayafuru have waited so | [
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long for this third installment and boy did it live up to the hype. When the same five note started playing that was ever abused throughout the entire show, that gush of nostalgia just came all back. It's rare to find such a feel good pulsating anime that can do that these days and Chihayafuru did just that and more! Before we continue, if you haven't watched S1 or S2 along with OVAs of this anime, watch them all first. I promise you'll binge through it no time. If you don't like it, understand this is one of those niche sport/genre where if you aren't fan of it, you won't enjoy it as much as the rest. Also I'm not going to explain how to play Karuta, wiki it, because every time I try to explain it, people fall asleep. Now that being said, let's dive deeper into this installment of Chihayafuru and explore both the technical aspects such as animations, OST, visuals and its character driven plot such as growth of players along with their purposes in life to see what made this iteration better than its previous seasons, ultimately leading it to become a must watch as fans of it have been hyping it up for years.
"In Karuta there are only 4 ways, right? You take the card, your opponent takes the card, you make a mistake, your opponent makes a mistake." - Master Suou
Chihayafuru, written by Yuki Suetsugu is about a high school girl, Chihaya, who is finding a purpose in her life other than being a supportive slave for her model sister by diving into Karuta taught to her by her idol/best friend Arata in order to become the Queen, basically the best female Karuta player in the world. Alongside her, you have Arata, the grandson of the legendary Master, best male Karuta player in the world, who is trying to devote his life to Karuta to achieve his grandfather's dream and Taichi, her childhood friend who is gifted with brain, brawn and looks, aiming for something similar but to win Chihaya's approval or finding his own purpose in life. It's a complicated triangle. At first it may see that the Manga was mainly aimed at the demographic who were into the josei genre but as time went on people fan of drama or sports or even shounen to an extent started to really get into it. This cross demographic propagated the popularity of this show and all for the right reason. The overarching theme of this anime is that to achieve one's dream and to be the best at something, you have to sacrifice something in return for it. This theme is prevalent in any sports anime or shounen anime but Chihayafuru gives its due diligence by actually showing the physical and mental ramification of such sacrifice through their interpersonal and intrapersonal interaction with others who are both in or outside of the world of Karuta. This season is knee deep into tournament arc of becoming Master and Queen. Since we are witnessing how our main protagonists competes in the race to become Master and Queen, we see it firsthand with the current quirky Master Suou and Queen Shinobu as well as supporting characters competing. In retrospect, whenever you have a sports anime, plot wise there isn't much story as the story is usually told through growth of characters during tournament arcs and if you knew how previous seasons of Chihayafuru functioned then you would expect this season to be similar. Spoiler alert, it wasn't. This season heavily explores the tremulous trepidation of hormones, heightened emotional roller coaster and sense of belonging & camaraderie.
"I've always, always wanted to become a person who is not a coward." - Taichi
In the previous season, Karuta was mostly played in team aspect but since this season, most games are individual 1v1, we finally get to dive deeper into the mental state of each character and grow with them as they redefine their purpose and find ways to seek it. The stand out character for this season wasn't Chihaya at all, and in a way I'm glad, it was actually Taichi. Taichi is a very complicated character. His sense of purpose was never really defined like Arata or Chihaya. On one hand he played Karuta because he wanted to be near Chihaya because he loved her but on the other hand why go through Karuta to only get her attention? Why does Chihaya only pay attention to Arata | [
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? Is it because he is so good at Karuta? So do you become better than Arata to achieve his purpose he set out from the beginning, that is to achieve Chihaya? What if along the journey, he realizes, maybe he is more like Harada or Master Suou, his actual purpose is to become the Master and to do that, he must sacrifice it all, including Chihaya? All of these questions and more that constantly circled Taichi this arc makes his character such a standout one this season. Definitely an enjoyable and facepalming experience. That being said, the reason this anime is great because Taichi's struggle was used as a foil to showcase similar struggle for purpose for other characters such as Shinobu, Arata, Harada, Haruka and even Master Suou. I guess in a way, since this season wasn't so focused on Chihaya is what made it much better in a weird way. If you thought Sudo was the biggest sadistic dick in Karuta, wait till you start interacting with Master Suou. New favourite character for sure. Regardless, it's the characters growth in this season is what makes this season so much more enjoyable. Spoiler alert, press F for Taichi. #TeamArata.
"I sincerely apologize. Have you sirs and ladies restored your exalted spirits?" - Shinobu
Now that we have the brilliant story our of the way, let's raise a toast for the amazing work this studio did in adapting this brilliant anime. No matter how good the manga is, cough Tokyo Ghoul cough, if the studio doesn't do justice in adaptation, cough Studio Pierridiot cough, then it can never shine bright like a diamond. From the breathtaking visual, to the nostalgic yet brilliant orchestraic OST, OP & ED, to the seiyuus pouring their heart out to heighten each character's struggle to lastly those poets reading those poems, it's such a complete technical package that is hard to come by these days even though we are technically in the golden age of anime. Biggest credit should be given to director, Morio Asaka, for staying on this project from the beginning. It helps with maintaining the consistency and vision this anime is headed towards. Each panel of the anime is brilliantly animated with bold vibrant colours. The matches are animated and depicted true to its form irl (I checked by actually watching an IRL of last season's Master's match) plus it added the anime flare by slowing down at appropriate times to enhance the dramatic tension for different strategy employed by the players to problem solve during tense situations. It really enhances viewers experience. None of those panning shots used by lazy studios to each episode. Moreover, the OST is just so warming to listen to as a standalone piece. Although I didn't enjoy the OP and ED song as much this season as previous seasons but it was still good and became adjusted to it by the end. Lastly, kudos to the seiyuus. Especially the poet readers for Karuta. Their voice when reading each poem actually feels like a melodic song. Although we can never hear the second part of the poem since the game is so fast paced but at this point, the introductory poem is just ingrained in the brain. Overall, very hard to nitpick flaws in the technical aspect.
"Luck of the Draw is not about luck or fate at all." - Harada
Overall, at the end of the day, if we were to assume that no anime is perfect and an anime is only as great as the viewer's enjoyment; then Chihayafuru S3 did a great job in disproving both null hypothesis by showcasing that the recipe for a great sports anime comes from a character driven plot that uses each player as a foil to shine the overarching theme of sports anime, that is through sacrifice shall one achieve greatness & purpose in life! It also bauds well when it's backed greatly through well executed technical aspects that acts as a great ladder to propel the anime further up. This season may seem slower than the previous ones but by no means should it be used as a criticism. Would I recommend others to watch it? That's a loaded question to answer since this is such a niche anime. Since this anime is based on a card game that can only be played in Japan who know Japanese, it's not easily relatable irl, however, if you are a fan of sports anime, and | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.929989 | -0.518633 | -0.544125 | -0.465253 |
you enjoy growth of players' skills through hard work and perseverance, similar to Haikyuu or Kuroko no Basket, then give this anime a try. It isn't only geared towards girls and there isn't much of a romance aspect as some fans might allude to. Lastly, there will be another season but who knows when that will come, here's to hoping it's not another 7 years. However, if it takes that long to maintain this level of perfection, then It's worth making that sacrifice. Anyways, thank you for reading this review & feel free to share with me your favourite poem from the anime. Ciao.
P.S. Thank you for reading. I hope you found this short and supaishi review helpful!
P.P.S. Are you Team Arata or Team Taichi? Why? Let me know! I'm curious.
abystoma2 (All reviews)
First things first - karuta isn't a sport. It's just a game that that some folks took way too seriously. Well, not like that has any impact on the anime, I just wanted to get this out of my chest. But it also means that you might enjoy this even if you don't like sport anime in general.
Now, I more or less liked the first two series (altrought I though they were, well, not *that* great), so when the 3rd season was announced, of course I was going to watch it. Yet, when I started thinking about the previous seasons... I found out I don't really remember much. What I'm trying to say is that there wasn't that much impact, not really memorable matches and while yes, it is character driven, the karuta playing parts were kinda... boring. Enter the 3rd season which actually managed to fix this.
Chihayafuru 3 story progress moved from the "start up" part to the "real shit" part and it shows. The matches are tense with tangible stakes and what's more important, they are well used as a proxy to let out the character shine and strong emotions of the players be shown. It is in fact the fight between the spirits of two people, the card game just lending a form to it. The matches of the third season are memorable and actually let out some variation, despite the inevitable repetitiveness of karuta. I believe this is because we got some strong, prominent personalities involved in the matches this time. I especially liked those that included Harada, Suo or Haruka. The main characters take on almost a support role in this season, but I don't see any problem with that.
The animation sees it's moments of spotlights too, with the more abstract visual sequences mediating the mood and feeling of the characters. The soundtrack helps with this greatly as well, and combined, those two aspects can create some powerful and heartfelt moments.
To add more about the sound portion of this anime, I also really enjoyed the voice acting. Most of the time I don't really care about the VAs, so for me to comment on them means it was either extraordinarily awful or extraordinarily great. Thankfully it's the latter here. The voices feel genuine and I especially liked the dialect that really breath some variation and uniqueness to the characters.
Overall, I would say it's worth watching the first two seasons even in case you didn't like them that much just so you could get to this part. That's the level of improvement I'm talking about.
_Alleria_ (All reviews)
It's really sad that the show is being attacked like this on its score when its quite literally the best the franchise has been up to this point. Chihayafuru 3 is a must watch for all Chihayafuru fans and for those interested in the franchise don't be disheartened by its score and please go watch Season 1 and 2 and if you still love this franchise give this season a watch.
Now that aside
Chihayafuru 3 excels at bringing a lot of what the previous seasons built up into fruition. The matches are as tense and exciting as ever with the animation on point providing some beautiful visual depictions and plays in matches.
The story is an absolute delight with the Tournaments and Qualifiers so far being a roller coaster to watch. The show beautifully fleshes out Taichi's, Chihaya's and Arata's character exploring more into their desires than we have ever had the chance to before this and does this using Karuta. The rom | [
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ance in the show too is finally building up and so far has created some interesting interactions between characters.
The use of the soundtrack in the show is perfect creating such beautifully crafted moments that are so in tune with the characters and art.
Chihayafuru Season 3 excels at what the show was good at before while giving us even more to explore without sacrificing any of its excellent production values from before. At this point it is the peak of the show. Here's to this momentum carrying out for the rest of the airing.
rooru-kun (All reviews)
This review is valid as of Episode 10 airing.
First thing first, don't trust MAL rating anymore. Chihayafuru 3 (anime third season) has been struck by people downvoting it for childish reasons. So from now on, don't trust MAL rating until they fix their issues (which they haven't as of December 13th). MAL admins and moderators, your site credibility is in jeopardy.
Second, before you watch this, watch the first and second season. No need to read the manga (I'm not a very active manga reader to be honest). But you know this series is quite popular if it has its own trilogy of live action movies. A TRILOGY!
Third, this series pace has been a lot more quick in my opinion. Everything is happening faster, but it is not because the series is being rushed. Nope, in the contrary, everything is getting better and exciting! Long time rivals are finally going to meet their opponents, our protagonists are finally finding their resolutions and they're doing their best to stick to them. The plot has always been moving forward, but aw man, this is getting intense.
Soundtrack wise, plenty of OST are being reused but both OP and ED for this season are quite great. I will be honest, I usually skipped the first and second season OP, but the third season OP music and animation are sooo good I don't skip them anymore. The OP money shot is the slow-mo shot of Chihaya of course, you will know it when you watch it.
Now, about the animation, well. It's been YEARS since the second season was released, and I haven't seen a huge improvement in animation in all these years, so no big improvement, but it was already good back then and it continues to be really good even now. If they featured more slow-mo shots like the one in the opening, it would receive more praise for sure and I have seen plenty of scenarios where that would have played quite nicely for the storytelling.
So far, I have been enjoying this season a lot. It didn't really help that on the first couple of weeks there were two episodes being released per week, so now that we're back to one episode per week I feel more eager to watch the next episode more than ever before!
Will update this as necessary to reflect my thoughts about the series.
Reviewholic (All reviews)
Oh wow, now that the troll ratings are removed, whilst the anti-troll ratings remain, Chihayafuru S3 has way more score than it should have, more than the previous seasons, which is obviously WRONG.
This is very simple. In S3, the plot has progressed to the most important event, the Queens and Masters, the peak performance of karuta. The stakes are at an all time high, and the drama will be most dramatic, fans would think this season will climax and surpass the previous seasons... but they were WRONG.
S3 did retain the charms of Chihayafuru, sufficiently developed characters, strategic & intense monologues and emotional soundtracks.
To be honest, this is all you need to animate Chihayafuru, or so the production thought, so they decided to shoot the all animators and hire an editor instead. Absolute disaster of an animation, the previous seasons weren't even this apparent as a slideshow. As more episodes came out, the animation quality degraded to a point it's non-existent. Everything is done with Fade effects and the all of the hand-swiping animations were replaced with still frames. This is also more noticeable because the anime is reliant on internal monologues so lip movements are fewer than other anime. Episode 13 was an exceptional episode where all fucks were lost and there was no sound effect and transition for the character crops popping in popping out.
Naturally, the Queens and Masters, the clim | [
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ax matches are animated at this level too. Not just animation wise, the Queens match is unnecessarily overdramatic and cut short, the Masters match too forfeited half of the games. This is because the character exposition has been done thoroughly in the qualifiers, so in the big matches, they would run out of backstories to show. They wouldn't give too much exposition on certain characters too, for they need to save it for future matches.
Perhaps it is an inevitable sacrifice that long running sports/shounen stories will have to make. Even so, I believe the duration of the matches can be pumped with more monologues from both players(instead of just one) and also... more sports action, more hand-swiping animations, more picking-up-cards animations, more animations.
In short, two big cons: drop in animation and compromised climax. That isn't to say Chihayafuru S3 is bad, it still manages to keep some of its old values and give Arata more exposition. But fans gotta ask themselves, this is ultimately still a sports anime, if we're gonna watch sports in slideshows, why not watch actual exciting sports?
Watame (All reviews)
Chihayafuru is a manga series written and illustrated by Yuki Suetsugu; Chihayafuru is her first animated work, but not the first manga. The manga has been serialized in Be Love(Kodansha) since December 2007. Third season of the series aired in 2019, which is 6 years later after the second season. The manga, as well as the TV series, have won many awards; the manga also has more than 16 million copies in print.
Being in a team is always challenging: aside from improving yourself, you need to improve the team and help them keep going no matter what frustration they might face. Mizusawa High School's Karuta Club has achieved many accomplishments and now the members of Mizusawa High will need to focus more on the individual tournaments. Ayase will finally, once again, challenge the Queen, and Taichi will be able to compete against Arata. But they are not the only players, who want to get better and get the title of 'the best player.'
At long last, six years after the second season of Chihayafuru, we get the third. After six years, you might have had to rewatch previous seasons of the series, but if you started watching it not long ago, even better. After a small recap, the anime returns back to where it ended and things start to get spicy. Karuta is no longer a team game, like it used to in previous seasons of the series. Now Ayase Chihaya, Mashima Taichi, and Wataya Arata will focus more on their individual ambitious: the desire to become the Master (the best male karuta player) and the Queen (the best female karuta player). What is more, Chihayafuru does not stop only on these 3, because it is boring to have good main characters and supporting cast that gets no development whatsoever. That is not the case, since the supporting cast here gets quite the development, too. There might be players that play for fun, but there are quite many players, who, too, want to get the title of the best karuta player. Finally, the third season introduces more characters and shows more about the current Master and the Queen. Anyways, long story short, there are so many new details Chihayafuru 3 introduces, but, at the same time, they are well balanced. You do not feel that the story lacks something.
Chihayafuru's soundtrack and animation are great as always. Chihayafuru's OST is light and airy, comprised of flutes, piano and other classical instrumentation. What is amazing about the OST is the fact that it fits the series very well and helps the viewer to dive into the world of karuta even better. During every karuta match, the OST helps to keep the tension and it does its work very well overall. But the best part, of course, is Japanese voice acting, which makes this series that amazing.
Animation wise, it is great, too. It is well-made series, with mature-looking, reasonably-proportioned characters. Indeed, it is not something you will watch for animation and it is quite difficult to say that the animation is great, it is good and even beautiful in its way, but it could have been a bit better | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.63247 | -0.537937 | -0.467465 | -0.221606 |
sometimes.
While the first season of Chihayafuru largely focused on Chihaya and her progression as a karuta player, and the second season centered on teamwork, the third season, however, seems to more focus on the individual desire to win. Namely, why people play karuta. Yet, now more focus is made on the supporting cast: the Master and the Queen, as well as other supporting characters, including the head of the Shiranami Society for karuta and new characters, for example ex Queen. And this is really amazing, there are so many things going on, new characters, their stories, what they want and what they are trying to achieve. And this is quite enjoyable, I must say, since watching 3 seasons about Chihaya, Taichi and Arata would surely be boring. Not here, though, as mentioned before, there is a balance about everything in this show and it makes Chihayafuru 3 never boring to watch.
Enjoyment wise and overall, Chihayafuru is still as good as it used to and is a highly recommended show to watch for all the fans of great SoL. Chihayafuru shows people competitive karuta, in which anyone can play and it does not matter who you are, what are you doing, and how skillful you are, since any player can get A rank, when they spend enough time improving their skills. There are so many characters, supporting cast is not weak as in many series, they are as good as the main cast, they get enough development, their backstories are shown to you and because of that you are starting to like them. There is absolutely nothing I can criticize in this series, absolutely nothing. What I can say is that I would love to see a slightly better animation, but that is not much of a problem for me to stress, it is still good and has its beauty.
No questions about it, the third season is a solid 10/10 and a must watch for all those, who like SoL and saw the previous seasons.
ACasualViewer (All reviews)
After a seven year long break, Chihayafuru is finally back and it's better than ever before. Fans, rejoice, because this is by far the best season of Chihayafuru and with some small exceptions this season has otherwise improved on every aspect compared to prior seasons. This review will outline the exact places where this series has improved, and why I believe this show deserves the highest rating of any sports anime around.
THIS REVIEW CONTAINS SPOILERS
Chihayafuru 3 starts off with a quick recap and possibly for the first time in the series actually properly explains how Karuta is played, and I will admit straight up, when I first watched the series years ago I just liked the hype and had 0 clue how the game worked besides the players having to finish their set of cards. This explanation is great because it actually allows the audience to follow the game and understand the very cunning strategic gameplay involved in Karuta and that it really is a skilled sport and not a simple card game. Due to the recap the audience will not be left behind from the huge gap between seasons and will be able to quickly get back into the show, which happens at a breakneck pace and Chihaya almost immediately starts playing in a training camp. She begins improving things like her posture and learning how to use her left hand and strategize while playing Karuta, this training arc is very important later on to her finally winning a tournament, and it heavily foreshadows her growth into becoming one of the top 5 active female Karuta players. After this arc the story doesn't waste any time, we quickly get into tournaments, future career plans, school trips, and finally the meijin matches. Every arc is wonderfully crafted and feels like a genuine story that has no contrived or standard elements seen in the majority of anime set in a Japanese high school.
The characters who receive the most attention this time around Chihaya and Taichi, which is actually refreshing, although I like the side characters, that's what they are, side characters. I don't really want the Karuta club being the main focus in this series, season 2 was heavily focused on a team setting and was set up as a school sports competition anime that is centered on going to nationals. While this was enjoyable and had immense amounts of hype, I like many of you originally got into this series for the character drama between the main characters. This season on the other hand, was focused heavily on personal development and on the big 3 who everyone really wants to know about, Arata, Taichi, and Chihaya | [
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. Their character development arcs lived up to everything I wanted, Chihaya has a future plan of becoming a teacher and even makes sure she enjoys her high school life so that she can relate more to students in the future. Arata finally comes to terms with his goal of being the best at Karuta and his love for Chihaya, which leads to one of the most sudden and abrupt confession scenes in anime that had the audience rolling. Mashima realizes that although he really likes the competition of Karuta and doesn't half ass it at all anymore, what he really wanted was to be side by side with Chihaya and decides that if he can't have her Karuta isn't worth playing as a group. Overall, I loved the character drama and I think it was by far the highlight of the series, every main character got the growth I had hoped for, and the side characters got enough attention that they were not left behind.
The art and the animation were also stellar this season, Madhouse is finally back with the high production values. Between the extremely clean card taking, the flower petal imagery, the amazing character design and outfits, the facial expressions during games, and the symbolic imagery for the atmosphere characters felt during games, the art was a perfect 10/10 score and there is nothing more to add. The art of the series is perfect, and while maybe the animators themselves might feel like they can always do more, the viewers themselves are sure to be completely satisfied from the love and care this series received.
To add on the technical values, the sound production was truly splendid. Having professional or at least really well trained readers for the Karuta games really adds something most other anime lack, stellar voice acting in the background. Although most anime can have great voice acting during the important scenes involving the main characters, few shows can boast they have 20 min of great background voice acting that really draws the viewer into the show and makes the 20 min feel like 2. Besides this, the soundtrack was hype, the sound effects were top tier, and the opening was so good I never skipped it. The sound deserves at least a 9, while its not on par with a music based anime, its about as good as it gets for a sports anime.
This season was incredibly enjoyable and for personal enjoyment I would rank it as the best show in both the season it started and the season it ended, it will likely be my top contender for anime of 2020, and I think it is immensely under watched. Overall the series has reached new heights and I cannot help but give this show a near perfect rating of 9, if I was younger and had seen less anime it likely would even receive a 10, if you have read this review and haven't seen the series yet, please do so, it is among the best anime has to offer.
M_Hawk (All reviews)
I don't know what's all about with this review bombing mentioned. Here I'm just fairly pointing why for me 3 season was a disappointment. After picking up the whole series just a week ago.
And oh boy it was. The story was much worse than in earlier seasons. Characters felt like they stopped growing and became more and more childish. With the ultimate transformation of Taichi into a toxic jerk, who doesn't care about people and their reaction to his actions. Only he and his feelings were important. The story was overly focused on creating a love triangle, rather than showing fine sports/school life like in previous seasons.
Nevertheless, anime was still was full of beautiful art an interesting karuta (maybe not so much as I hope, but still.) And it doesn't deserve to be just smashed. Great visuals created a fair, yet irritating show to watch.
If I think how contrary was master match result to the way that story unfolded in previous seasons the score should be even lower. But, again it wouldn't be fair
Misbah_shah (All reviews)
This anime definitely is not for everyone. I don't know why is it rated so high, by so many people. I'll explain just 7 points why you can watch it and why you can't.
1. The character TAICHI is one of the major reasons I kept watching the 3 seasons and anyone would love his character more than any other character in the series (say it girls or boys, they'll get impressed). He's a childhood friend of Chihaya, the girl whom he liked ever since 6th grade. They're high schoolers now, | [
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but he's not able to confess because he thinks that she likes Arata, another childhood friend of both of them. The major reason of Chihaya always Admiring Arata is the game karuta (a traditional Japanese card game) that she wants to excel at. She looks at Arata with admiration only because he's the one who gave her dream of being a queen in the field of Karuta.
Taichi when comes to know about her passion for this game, he works REALLY HARD to be a best player in this game because he wants her to admire him and look at him the way she admires Arata. When I say he worked REALLY HARD, it means that the 3 seasons' series was able to convey his efforts flawlessly.
Chihaya never looked at him with the admiration that he always yearned for. It hurt him to the extent that he was able to leave everything behind, just to get that one look of admiration. This is what caught my attention and definitely it can catch anyone's attention.
Talking about his looks, he was overwhelmingly handsome. Golden eyes, with huge eye lashes and heightened appearance made him quite personable and stunning. In fact, his Karuta teacher calls him EYE LASHES because of his beautiful eyes. Definitely, girls in school were after him too, still it didn't bother Chihaya and I hated it the most.
Characters are explained in details, whether it is Taichi, or Chihaya or Arata. Their preferences, their opinions, their families, their goals. Supporting characters (members of club) were also given limelight. But at one point, it was too detailed that even those who had no concern with the story were described in details (their thoughts, their background stories) especially during the duet matches so it became annoying for the audience. Still Everyone was given enough time, so I'd say character of this anime was good enough for me.
2. Friendship and Bonding with the people you work hard with, is never to be taken lightly. Season 1 was the beginning so I couldn't feel the chemistry between the friends and club members, but till season 3, I could clearly see the way they practice all the time to get into nationals. That's why their understanding and support for each other couldn't be left unnoticed. Taichi and Chihaya really improved a lot in being the best players, forming the base of the whole Karuta club. Experience makes leadership qualities exceptional and both of them proved it. How everyone depended on them, made me realize how amazing the feeling is when someone depends on you. How Chihaya changes completely into a serious player while playing Karuta couldn't go unnoticed as well. 👌🏼
3. If you don't like the game KARUTA, don't watch it. Actually you CAN'T watch it if you don't like this game. It's almost impossible. Decide on the very first episode that this game isn't worth the time you're going to give to the series of 3 seasons. I knew that I didn't like the theme of the series "Karuta" so I should've left the idea of watching it, but I didn't! That's why I didn't enjoy any match and that's why I didn't enjoy the series as well. For me, this game was like "Snatching or grabbing the card before other players after memorising the 100 poems and seeing it first before the other player. " that's it! Yes, it is a different game, yet I couldn't watch all the matches since they were so similar to me, just with a different set of faces. Victories were mostly predictable and I couldn't force myself to watch how one gets the card, this way or that way, it was boring for me. The ONLY moment among the matches that I enjoyed the most, was the match between Taichi and Chihaya. "Taichi, who started playing Karuta because of Chihaya is a lot better than her" this is what I thought.
"The first time she looked at him with admiration"
"The fruit of his hardwork"
"The moment audience had been waiting for"
These words were coming in my mind while watching that moment. Arata, getting jealous over the fact that he wasn't the one playing with Chihaya, it was Taichi, made me super happy. Just 1 match that I watched with full interest, was this one. Just imagine there are hundreds | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.247327 | -0.901317 | -0.728827 | -0.195044 |
of matches of Karuta game, among so many players, I only watched one. So this anime isn't for those who don't like the concept of this game. Leave it the moment you feel that this game is annoying for you to watch.
4. Why you shouldn't watch it is also because of the SLOWEST LOVE STORY ON EARTH! Love story is really annoying and "patience testing experience" for audience so I won't recommend if you're a person who completes a series in 2 or 3 days, like me. Chihaya's personality is SO ANNYOING that one wants to smash her head after seeing how she links everyone's words and actions to KARUTA 🤦🏻♀️even if it's a confession, even if it's a compliment, she links it to Karuta. She only sees Karuta, she sees those who love Karuta, those who hate Karuta, those who are her enemies in Karuta and those make her learn something new about Karuta.🙄 For me, Chihaya's mind is like a 6th grade girl whose vocabulary starts and ends with just one word "Karuta"
Development is so slow that I felt like BEING PUNISHED to complete the series, still the thought of not knowing the ending urged me to finish it. How can one be so clueless despite being a high schooler? 🙄 I Thanked God that I lived enough life to see Taichi confessing to this girl since he was the most patient lover on earth. Whatever Taichi did for her, whatever he became for her (he almost lost himself while getting her attention) still, all she cared in the end was "he's getting ahead of me", still she was showing lovey dovey expressions only for Arata, who wasn't even with her.. Ughh! I literally wanted to slap this girl Chihaya..
5. Comedy factor isn't noticeable enough in this series to recommend to comedy lovers. I didn't laugh much, even though there were many scenes among club members that were considered comedy. Maybe it wasn't upto my expectations.
6. Another thing that is admirable is "Animation". 10/10 for that. This anime is for those, who strive to see beauty. It's a treat of eyes for them. (surely It was for me as well.)
7. Voice actors are brilliant too, especially the protagonists 👌🏼Though music didn't catch my attention.. Except the ending OST of season 1.
Overall, I didn't enjoy because of No interest in Karuta and because of Chihaya's dumb Nature. I was expecting a good romance due to Taichi and he really proved his love, but if one of the protagonists isn't getting the other, it makes it so frustrating. Comedy also seemed dull and tedious, so I couldn't enjoy, so I'd give 3/10 to enjoyment, but the story improved greatly in this season, matches and completions for Queens and masters (which weren't in the previous seasons) and this is something admirable.
Story despite being simple went really well. So I can recommend only to those who like the theme Karuta. Otherwise don't watch it! For me, overall it's 6/10
Sesshomaru (All reviews)
ちはやふる 3 - Chihayafuru 3 is an endearing sequel to the past seasons with the same distinctive charm and a lot of heart. It is a really beautiful series that appeals to a wide audience with excitement, fun and emotions and entertains them great. The third season, my third review of the series, and I still recommend the series as much as I did at the beginning.
Story: Familiar, yet different & new, so that tension & excitement arise again (9/10)
The story follows a very plausible structure. While I understand that shifting focus from teams to individuals is a source of discussion and a certain sense of disappointment for some, but it is precisely this development and change that spans all three seasons that is both the reason and a guarantee for that great entertainment value from the series as a whole. I hope the idea becomes clearer with a brief overview of each season. In the first season the characters and the traditional Karuta as a sport are introduced. The second season deepens the friendship bonds between the team members and the teams. | [
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Personally, I think that working out the different interpersonal relationships leads to a great sequel that doesn't have to hide behind its predecessor. The third season now focuses more on some members and their relationships. Unfortunately, the time of 24 episodes is not enough to deepen all the characters, but I am convinced that they did a very good job. About 27 volumes of the manga have been adapted. I therefore sincerely look forward to what the further implementation will look like.
Character: Known & new characters, well presented and credible (9/10)
As already mentioned, there is a concentration on individual characters within the plot, which is also important and makes sense in the overall context of the story. Even if the depiction of the masters and the queen is initially in the foreground, new characters are also introduced and the newcomers of the second season are further developed. Despite all of this, the show still manages to give the supporting characters time on the screen, so that despite the focus on individual characters, a good overall picture is still created.
Ayase Chihaya:
Despite the lapstick sleep attacks after a match, her characterization is terrific. She is ambitious (when it comes to Karuta), kind-hearted and easy to deceive. Since she is very pretty, but also a small tomboy, impulsive and outgoing, her emotional world will leave her puzzled at the end of the show. It was obvious, but for me it was presented as credibly as if reading someone's diary.
Mashima Taichi:
Endowed with athletic and academic skills and furthermore good looking, he has remained down-to-earth despite everything. What I really like about him is that he's smart, but works hard for it. Learning from his mistakes and being loyal to the Mizusawa team has made him a wise leader who uses his supportive words to guide the team through the difficult phases of the games.
Wataya Arata:
I like the Fukui dialect, it sounds even more fluid and mellow. Black hair and blue eyes are already unusual and the comparison with water matches the language and behavior. Arata's way of playing is also aptly described with the elegant and soft movements of the water, since he always acts calmly and prudently, is just perfect.
Suō Hisashi:
Suō is not the ideal Meijin and therefore a thorn in the side of the Karuta Society. This is simply because he is very careless in his academic commitments and often moves outside the otherwise very serious framework of the very traditional sport. But his nature is different, and because of the disparagement of his person in his environment, one tends to look at the character rather contemptuously. His quiet, very calm way of speaking reveals something different and his playing style is impressive, like Chihaya he has a very good hearing, which is not his only quality. There is more to discover.
Harada Hideo:
Harada-sensei is a great personality, he is a friendly man with a deep connection to traditional Karuta. He is the backbone and head of the Shiranami society, which also includes Tachi and Chihaya. He has also been the mentor of both of them from the very beginning, has always stood at their side with the knowledge he has accumulated over many decades, challenged and encouraged them. His playing style is the offensive Karuta, which is characterized above all by taking the cards from the opponent's field. He is an excellent Karuta player who pulls out all the stops when it comes to winning. He is enthusiastic, loud, very competitive and uses drama and exaggeration, the comparison with a bear is used over and over again in the series, and this is an apt comparison.
Sakurazawa Midori:
Her character could be described most quickly as the counterpart of Harada Sensei. Female, she speaks softly, but is also treated with great respect because she is a very talented Karuta player. Her excellent observation skills enable her to accurately assess the strengths and weaknesses of other players. Due to her analytical skills and strictly demanding instructions, her protégés admire and fear her. Her loyal and sincere style is particularly striking. Outside of Karuta, she is a warm-hearted woman whose graceful figure fits well with her feminine and charismatic personality. If one of her male protégés seems to pursue her, she is not afraid to reject the young man with a charming joke.
Visuals: breathtaking and pleasantly presented (9/ | [
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10)
A beautiful ensemble of art and animation that brings the characters elegantly and realistically to life. Studio Madhouse has set very high production values for the series and even improved them in the course of the adaptation in the individual seasons. The original illustrations of Suetsugu Yuki's work were beautifully adapted into the anime series from the beginning of the first season. The attractiveness of art is based on aesthetics and realism as well as on the love of detail and passion for quality. The charming accents of the Shoujo genre, such as falling sakura leaves and the graceful use of soft colours, give the series a special appeal. The art department has done an excellent job of creating the right mood for each episode, while at the same time highlighting the emotional and intellectual intensity that characterizes the Karuta games in the competition.
The art department is also impressive in terms of animation. The implementation of the movements of the figures is fluent and the camera angles are perfectly coordinated to achieve the greatest possible effect from each scene. Again, cards played during the tournaments, are a great example of good camera work. The sometimes game-decisive movements are executed with great attention to detail, and the perspective is panned or tilted to focus the viewer's attention. In this way, the animation does a very good job of keeping the scenario incredibly exciting, especially in tournaments.
Sounds: good, simultaneously emphasizing & accompanying, OP & ED good, VA stands out positively (9/10)
The BGM of Yamashita Kousuke was again very successful. The individual scenes and the plot are beautifully accompanied by the musical arrangements and receive a great and very fitting accentuation. The beautiful orchestral arrangements, which also include solos such as grand piano, oboe or flute and violin, have a very lively and emotional character, which makes the listener feel the sensations of the scenarios. For example: か る た 日 日 和 has something lively and reminds me very much of the music for one of the most beautiful couple dances, the slow Foxtrot or高 ぶ る キ モ チ and 心 構 え are so beautiful, gentle and graceful piece of music. The soundtrack as a whole is very beautiful, and I enjoyed it very much.
The OP is called "Colourful" and is once again performed by the J-Rock formation 99RadioService, founded in 2007. The voices of コ ー タ and コ ー ヘ イ give the good music the right note and bring the audience into the right mood for the series. The animation is reminiscent of the predecessors and presents the figures based on impressions of the past, present and offers a small look into the future. All in all, the title is fun and I like to hear it.
The ED is called "Hitomebore" and is from the band Harassment. This rock band from Nagoya is still quite new, the formation was founded in 2015 and the four-man formation of Ibuka-, Wata-, Hakko- and Saimoto-san plays good J-Rock. With Ibuka's clear and stretched vocals, the catchy melodies are impressive. The lyrics of the title are straightforward without difficult puns and thus create a good mix that is well received by the audience. The text of the song fits very well with the events and feelings in the anime. The animation is also very suitable, with the individual pictures of the MCs and the three friends together. It is a very simple design, but also very effective.
The Seiyū are also an aspect of the series' success. With great sensitivity, their performances convey the deep and moving emotions and give the well-written dialogues appealing and perceptible realism. The voice acting is excellent without exception, but I would like to highlight some voices that I particularly like. Regarding the male dubbing voices: Hosoya, Yoshimasa as Arata's voice. His presentation of the Fukui dialect, the nasal "Nya" sounds friendly and because it pulls the words or sentences together a little, the language sounds even more fluent, which in turn fits very well with Arata's character and the association with water.
Personally, I was deeply moved that Ishizuka Unshō passed away in 2018. I liked his clear and deep voice as Seiyū very much. I will miss the great voice that brought Admiral Borsalino "Kizar | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.535893 | -0.600231 | -0.246226 | -0.288961 |
u" and also Van Hohenheim in the FMA Brotherhood to life.
The new casting of the role of Harada Sensei with Miyake, Kenta was in my opinion a good choice to fill the speaking role with a worthy successor.
Among the female voice actors, I particularly noticed Han, Megumi as the voice of Hanano, Sumire. I haven't mentioned her in my last reviews and that's a pity. Her performance is excellent, her repertoire covers an impressive spectrum. It ranges from energetic, cheerful voices: Gon Freeccs (Hunter x Hunter - 2011) to cute voices, such as Kargari, Atsuko (Little Witch Academia -2013) to psychological roles, like Five (Zankyō no Teroru - 2014). Han-san understands perfectly with her voice, to embody Sumire, who is at first superficial and emotionally driven
In hectic times, a gentle series with appealing characters and the simple elegance of a traditional sport is very soothing and appealing, even without a PhD in Japanese literature. In case you are new to the series and are not quite sure, my review of the first season contains a small overview of "Karuta".
As mentioned at the beginning, I'm convinced that I can recommend the series to every anime fan, because I think everyone will like the series in his or her own way, since it is exciting, emotionally charged, visually beautiful staged and is accompanied by very good music as well as voice acting.
As always, thank you very much for reading and have fun watching.
Ethan_07 (All reviews)
Though we are parted,
If on Mount Inaba's peak
I should hear the sound
Of the pine trees growing there,
I'll come back again to you.
A bittersweet poem that represents Taichi. If you can feel the emotions in it, then you are hopelessly in love with Chihayafuru. It's been eight years since the first Chihayafuru has been introduced to the world, and this is how long this anime community has waited for this season. Despite being both a jousei and slice of life genre, over the seasons, Chihayafuru has created much competitive and warm atmosphere for the matches and built up ample friendships and tension. Now, it's finally time for the long-awaited King and Queen's match.
This season will be presenting an all-out match that brings out the best of them, and a turning point for the bittersweet love triangle that has remained stagnant all this time. The story of the poets behind each card, has been expanded to reach for a greater height. Each of the little words are nicely blended to reflect different situation that the characters are in, along with their respective introspective thoughts. And in many ways, this become a powerful tool to evoke emotions. This is a trick that has been applied before, but each and every time, you couldn't stop one from falling into the beauty of it.
Also, the studio Madhouse has done such a great job by creating more mesmerizing characters that you couldn't help but not hate them, be it their foes or friends. Ironically, some of the side characters actually have greater backstories than the main trio. But, I genuinely think that this is why Chihayafuru is so likeable. They do not constrain the range of character developments and because of this, we get to witness and empathize with more and more little stories of their opponents and allies.
The animation on the other hand, is captivating.
The layout of the games, and the thinking process are beautifully visualized. The big brown eyes of Chihaya, with her clumsy and tomboyish attitude really managed to form a contrast. Arata with his sharp blue eyes fits his cool and calm personality while Taichi has that ambitious look and has a sense of loneliness in his eyes. For him, action speaks louder than words and it's truly amazing what the season has accomplished with this.
Other than that, the J-rock song for opening is kinda catchy with its tempo and is well-matched to elevate the mood for each episode to unfold. The song, Hitomebore for ending has a calm tone to it, but at the same time, gives the visual of igniting fire with the trio burning passion. It subtly sets a pace for the journey to be continued.
Overall, Chihayafuru 3 has evol | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.443513 | -0.76505 | -0.612268 | -0.284534 |
ved to be the most diverse, gentle and impactful season yet. It leaps beyond the expectations set by its ancestors with its high rating and forges deeper attachments to the side characters, while taking you closer to the trio's heart. Don't blink yet, as you're about to embrace their passion, friendship and feelings all in one whole season.
Excalibur1702 (All reviews)
Before starting Chihayafuru, I'm sure most people wondered how interesting a Japanese card game based Anime could be. Much to our delight, Chihayafuru 1 and 2 made us fall in love with Karuta and the Hyakunin Isshu, along with all the characters. While they both were pretty good Anime themselves, Chihayafuru 3 is better than the previous seasons by a huge margin, in every department - the Karuta, the romance, the character development, and the overall feel of Chihayafuru in general.
(Spoilers for Seasons 1 and 2 ahead)
Story : 9
The story picks up where Season 2 ends - with the High School Tournament over, Taichi and Chihaya heading for the Karuta Camp at Fujisaki, and the Meijin and Queen Qualifiers looming in the near future. The storyline in Chihayafuru 3 is WAY BETTER than the previous seasons, and a ton of interesting and important stuff happens. The tension throughout the series is extremely high, and every episode gave me an adrenaline rush. And the ending was great as well, a wonderful wrap-up to this season.
Characters : 10
The character portrayal and development is where Chihayafuru 3 shines the most. I'll go into detail regarding the characters which I felt went through prominent development throughout the 24 episode run :
Taichi - Those who have seen Seasons 1 and 2 know the burdens Taichi bears - maintaining the morale of the Mizusawa Karuta Club as the President, keeping up with studies, being pressurized by his mother, trying to improve in Karuta despite not enjoying the game itself but the emotions and relations he has formed playing them, an above all, trying to contain his feelings for Chihaya and the resultant urge to defeat Arata. In Season 3, his feeling intensify, and the Taichi has to face it all. Watching him deal with everything, and watching how it affects him through the Anime was what I loved the most about Chihayafuru 3.
Arata - Unlike the previous seasons, Arata has a lot more screen time in this one. His relations with the people around him, as well as his grandfather, are explored, to make him a prominent character. What he feels about Chihaya and Taichi is also portrayed, and how it affects him and his Karuta playing.
Suou Meijin - Surprisingly, a portion of the Anime focused on the Meijin himself, his playing style, his character, his personality, and things about him that he has kept secret from the public.
While not extensively dealt with, it was a very interesting factor of the Anime.
The other characters are well developed as well. While Chihaya herself didn't have any special character development that was different from the previous seasons, other characters - Sakurazawa Sensei, Queen Shinobu, and Harada Sensei - have been well fleshed-out. Overall every character is very realistic and relatable in some way or the other, and shines whenever given screen time.
Animation and Art : 10
While the Animation is very fluid and natural, the Art is also very vivid and beautiful. The imagery, character art, etc. are all very well drawn and animated. Chihayafuru 3 maintains the high standards set by the previous seasons in the Art and Animation department.
Sound : 10
The soundtrack itself is beautiful, however, it is not excessively used, and there are portions where, appropriately, no music or scanty soundtrack is used. The OST accurately reflects the situations in the Anime, whether they are tense, happy, emotional, sad, or joyous.
Overall : 10
Chihayafuru 3 is a gem, one of the best Anime I've ever seen. Though a part of a much bigger series, these 24 episodes are complete in their own way, a set of unified and intertwined arcs for all characters. | [
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Niki Preston, Book Reviewer, Writer, AKA The Two Fingered Gardener
Professional Book Reviewer, Writer and Product Tester
Book Review "A Wedding at Hedgehog Hollow" By Jessica Redland
January 15, 2022 ~ nikipreston ~ 2 Comments
SYNOPSIS/BOOK BLURB
A Wedding at Hedgehog Hollow
It's time for the wedding we've all been waiting for…
Life at Hedgehog Hollow is never dull, although Samantha hopes that the new year ahead will be a little less chaotic as she prepares to marry the love of her life, Josh. But disaster strikes when she checks the rescue centre's bank account after the festive season and discovers it has been emptied. Who would do such a thing, and why? With the future of Hedgehog Hollow now in jeopardy, planning a wedding has lost its shine.
Phoebe is desperate to escape the shadow of her family, infamously known for their attacks on Samantha's beloved rescue centre. Could the kindness of the Hedgehog Hollow team be the chance she needs for a fresh start, or will her family's secrets continue to drag her back?
Purchase Link – https://amzn.to/3nVUBLA
REVIEW ~ NIKI PRESTON ~ 5 STARS
This in my second book by Jessica Redland and what can I say except WOW! I absolutely adore this authors ability to create realistic characters that come with flaws. Jessica writes in a style that makes you feel part of the storylines. She introduces scenes with care, even the harder plotlines are done with a sincerity that you can really believe in. This genre often is all hearts and flowers, money no object and full of beautiful people. Not so for Jessica Redland. Her characters are 100% believable, they have issues and problems that resonate with the reader. As you read you feel an empathy with the characters. Sam the main protagonist is a wonderfully caring person who truly believes "there is good in everyone" She does not come without her own problems and has severe PTSD, which is dealt with in a sensitive manner.
Phoebe is a different character altogether or at least I thought so, but as her character grows I realised she is actually very like Sam. She too is looking out for her loved ones, never puts herself first and indeed endures suffering beyond belief to protect her half sister Darcie and her beloved friend Rosemary.
I'm not going to waffle on as this book speaks for itself. If you enjoy women's fiction with some romance but more realistic stories and superb characters that you will just fall in love with then pop out and grab this books. Oh and of course it's full of lovely hedgehogs that arrive at Hedgehog Hollow to be nurtured back to health by Sam. You'll even learn a bit Hedgehogs along the way. A proper 5 star read for me. I LOVED IT!
Jessica Redland is the top 10 bestselling author of over thirteen novels, including The Secret to Happiness. Inspired by her hometown of Scarborough she writes uplifting women's fiction which has garnered many devoted fans.
Facebook https://www.facebook.com/JessicaRedlandAuthor
Twitter https://twitter.com/JessicaRedland
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/jessicaredlandauthor/
Newsletter Sign Up: http://bit.ly/JessicaRedlandNewsletter
With thanks for the advance copy for this #Blogtour to …..
Rachel Gilby https://www.rachelsrandomresources.com/
Jessica Redland http://bit.ly/JessicaRedlandNewsletter
Boldwood Books https://www.boldwoodbooks.com/
Book Review "Daughter of the Sea" by Elisabeth J. Hobbes
January 11, 2022 January 11, 2022 ~ nikipreston ~ Leave a comment
Daughter of the Sea
On a windswept British coastline the tide deposits an unexpected gift…
It was the cry that she first noticed, the plaintive wail that called to her over the crash of winter waves. W | [
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rapped only in a sealskin, the baby girl looks up at Effie and instantly captures her heart. She meant only to temporarily foster the young orphan but when news reaches Effie that her husband has been lost at sea, and months pass without anyone claiming the infant, she embraces her new family – her son Jack and her adopted daughter Morna.
Effie has always been an outcast in her village, the only granddaughter of a woman people whisper is a witch, so she's used to a solitary existence. But when Midsummer arrives so too does a man claiming to be Morna's father. There's no denying Lachlan is the girl's kin and so Effie is surprised when he asks her to continue looking after his daughter, mysteriously refusing to explain why. She agrees, but when he returns six months hence she pushes him for answers. And Lachlan tells a story she never anticipated … one of selkies, legend, and the power of the sea…
Daughter of the Sea is an enthralling ethereal read. It captivated my imagination with such a force that I really did not want it to end. The main character Effie has an empathy so strong that she finds herself caring for an orphan girl alongside her own son. She could not love this child, found in a basket in the sea, any more if she tried. Recently widowed she clings to her children and revels in their wonder for the world around them. Morna, the orphan child, even as young toddler is drawn to sea and Effie slowly begins to understand this strange and beautiful child. When a mysterious man turns up claiming to be Morna's Father, Effie is drawn to him in a way she can not control. What follows is a mysterious tale of selkies and Scottish folk lore that carries them both on a journey that they explore without knowing how it will end for all of them. Effie is a passionate heroine and takes the reader on a beautiful road to discovery of all things mythical.
This book holds everything that makes for a most interesting read. There is drama and tension, Love and loss, mystery and beauty. A truly mesmerizing story that I recommend any historical romantic fiction lovers to read.
Purchase Link – https://getbook.at/DaughteroftheSea
Author Bio – Elisabeth's writing career began when she finished in third place in Harlequin's So You Think You Can Write contest in 2013. She was offered a two-book contract and consequently had to admit secret writing was why the house was such a tip. She is the author of numerous historical romances with Harlequin Mills & Boon covering the Medieval period to Victorian England, and a Second World War romantic historical with One More Chapter. She lives in Cheshire because the car broke down there in 1999 and she never left.
https://www.facebook.com/ElisabethHobbes
https://www.bookbub.com/profile/elisabeth-hobbes?follow=true
With Thanks for the advance copy for the #Blogtour to ……..
Elisabeth J. Hobbs https://www.facebook.com/ElisabethHobbes
One More Chapter (Publisher) https://www.onemorechapter.com/
Book Review "Hustle" by Owen Mullen
What was meant to be a straightforward jewellery heist goes horribly wrong, and the thieves are forced to take a hostage to make their escape. But when they discover their prisoner is the infamous Nina Glass – one of the bosses of the most dangerous criminal dynasty in London – they soon realise they have made a terrible mistake.
Greed wins out over good sense and the gang decide to make the best of a bad situation. They send Luke Glass a ransom note. But messing with London's top crime dynasty is a serious error. Now Luke must track down the gang who abducted his sister before they carry out their brutal threats.
The Glass family have other problems. The crooked cop they have on their payroll – DCI Oliver Stanford – makes an unwelcome discovery. The insider they had all presumed dead, may in fact have survived, and still be feeding information to the police.
Under attack from all sides, and desperate to save his sister, Luke has the reputation and survival of the crime dynasty in his hands – is this the end of the Glass family?
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.671746 | -0.515875 | -0.138857 | -0.114092 |
ow! What an incredible and brilliantly written book Hustle is. A brutal story of gangland violence, revenge and reputations.
After Nina is taken hostage, somewhat on a whim after a disastrous jewellery heist that goes seriously awry, her life is in huge danger and she has to keep her wits about her and a devil may care attitude to show her captures, not only how strong she is but how very stupid they are.
At the head of the Glass family is Luke and he is beside himself with worry over his kidnapped sister. Not only does he have to maintain his Gang boss title he needs to show loyalty to his family. Can he really do both without losing face. Which is more important to him? Will Nina and the rest of the family be shocked by his ultimate decision?
Hustle is a shocking insight into the minds of deadly assassins who will literally stop at nothing to get what they want. Why on earth did this somewhat posh unruly gang take Nina? Did they really think it through or was it all down to the beautiful Coco, whose shell begins to crack in her drug crazed state of mind. Is this all just a crazy game to her and her posh boyfriend Rafe?
As the end gets ever closer I literally could not put this book down. The violence that springs out of the pages with Owen's brilliant and descriptive style is truly shocking. I found myself taking sharp intakes of breathe, then holding my breathe just waiting for the terrible outcome to come to its appalling end. How Owen creates these scenes is astounding and the finale, when it comes made me blanch in fear. I was wholly drawn into the world of The Glass family. What a completely awesome book. Owen Mullen deserves all the praise he gets for creating such an outrageous London gangland family. The Glass's are a force to be reckoned with and no body could see the end coming. Highly recommended to all gangland story lovers who enjoy a gripping story with huge amounts of turmoil and a fair amount of violence thrown in. Who is going to win this war? Well you will have to read this epic book and find out.
As a foot note this is Book 3 in the Glass family saga.
Purchase Link – https://amzn.to/2ZR3HAX
Owen Mullen is a highly regarded crime author who splits his time between Scotland and the island of Crete. In his earlier life he lived in London and worked as a musician and session singer. He has now written seven books and his first gangland thriller for Boldwood, Family was published in January 2021.
Facebook https://www.facebook.com/OwenMullenBooks
Twitter https://twitter.com/OwenMullen6
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/owenmullen6/
Newsletter Sign Up: https://bit.ly/OwenMullenNewsletter
Bookbub profile https://www.bookbub.com/authors/owen-mullen
With thanks for the advance copy of Hustle for the #Blogtour to …..
Rachel Gilby http://rachelsrandomresources.com
Owen Mullenhttp://Twitter https://twitter.com/OwenMullen6
Book Review "Heartcross Castle" by Christie Barlow
January 10, 2022 ~ nikipreston ~ Leave a comment
Heartcross Castle
Love Heart Lane – where friends are there for you no matter what
When her grandfather Marley passes away Grace Power discovers she's been left the beautiful but crumbling estate of Heartcross Castle. As a single mum of three, Grace has no idea what she's going to do with it – but who can say no to a roof over their kids' heads and a chance to get away from past hurts?
And a forever home
Heartcross Castle is full of secrets – especially a lost security deposit box that holds the truth to everything… But when celebrity chef Andrew Glossop sets his eyes on the castle and, to make matters worse, mistakes Grace as the new housekeeper, Grace tells him there is absolutely NO CHANCE he is getting his hands on her home.
Devastated to have got it so wrong, Andrew will do anything to make it up to her – but is she willing to listen?
Heartcross Castle is the kind of book that I will think about for some time to come. It | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.044105 | -0.752072 | -0.122718 | -0.516955 |
resonated with me immediately as Graces' situation was very reminiscent of my own, many years ago, so I gelled with her as a character from the start. I have felt her feelings myself and I think Christie Barlow dealt with the issue surrounding Grace and her boys with a confidence and delicacy that served to make for a marvellous book.
Grace and her boys are all very believable characters and I was just a little dubious when Grace receives her inheritance from her estranged Grandfather. I really didn't want Heartcross Castle to suddenly become all mushy, hearts and flowers, as if by magic Graces life was better, kind of scenarios. Thank fully it really wasn't this. Yes inheriting a castle at the worst point in your life sounds highly unbelievable but again Christie has a way of making it so much more than this. The castle is run down, it may turn out to be a huge mistake for Grace and her gorgeous boys. Instead she uses it to teach life listens to her boys. To finally give them a life full of love and laughter. Nobody deserves this more than them. I fell in love with the boys, full of life and mischief but always looking out for each other.
Then in pops an arrogant tenant in the form of the rich, good looking Andrew. After over hearing a conversation Grace finally see's him for his true self and begins to chide herself for ever believing him. Has she done it again? trusting a man she shouldn't once more? Is he out for all he can or is he hiding a better person in there somewhere? I'm not giving anything away, all I am going to say is that I would urge anyone who enjoys a good romance come strong women's fiction with plenty of life lessons thrown in, to give this book a go. It's brilliant and utterly heart warming.
UK – https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B091BL4DX3
US – https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B091BL4DX3
Author Bio – Christie Barlow is the number one international bestselling author of fifteen romantic comedies including the iconic Love Heart Lane Series, A Home at Honeysuckle Farm and Kitty's Countryside Dream. She lives in a ramshackle cottage in a quaint village in the heart of Staffordshire with her four children and two dogs.
Her writing career has come as a lovely surprise when Christie decided to write a book to teach her children a valuable life lesson and show them that they are capable of achieving their dreams. Christie's dream was to become a writer and the book she wrote to prove a point went on to become a #1 international bestseller in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia.
When Christie isn't writing she co-presents The Book Show on Radio Northwich, enjoys playing the piano, is a keen gardener and loves to paint and upcycle furniture.
Christie is an ambassador for the @ZuriProject alongside Patron of the charity, Emmerdale's Bhasker Patel. They raise money and awareness for communities in Uganda.
Christie loves to hear from her readers and you can get in touch via Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/christie_barlow/?hl=en
Twitter @ChristieJBarlow
Facebook page Christie Barlow author
With Thanks for the Advance Copy for the #Blogtour to…….
Christie Barlow, Author http://@ChristieJBarlow
Short Story Review "Ravine Lereux" By E. Denise Billups
January 7, 2022 January 7, 2022 ~ nikipreston ~ Leave a comment
Olivia and Edward Lereux live a quiet life with their chocolate Border collie, Axel in a picturesque cottage flanked by Maine's blustery cliffs, far from town and people. Outwardly, their lives appear normal, but they're not ordinary people. The Lereux family is cursed with something that has claimed their ancestors many years. When Ravine Lereux receives a distressing letter from her Uncle Edward, she must return to a place she swore never to return, a place that's haunted by something, an abnormal presence she feared as a child. Now she must face it again. As she races to | [
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import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Timer;
import spaceWar.*;
/**
* @author Mingwei zhong, bachmaer
*
* SpaceGameServer. Implements a server to support a multiuser game in
* which clients maneuver spacecraft through a shared virtual world and
* attempt to destroy each other by either firing torpedoes or ramming.
* The server is the arbiter of all events resulting in the destruction
* of a torpedo or a spacecraft and generates messages for removal
* accordingly. Removal information is sent via TCP. UDP update messages
* that are received from clients are used to update the state of the game
* and forwarded to all other clients.
*
*/
public class SpaceGameServer
{
// Random number generator for obstacle positions
Random rand = new Random();
// Contains all IP addresses and port numbers of the DatagramSockets
// used by the clients. UDP segments are forwarded using the information
// in this data member.
private ArrayList<InetSocketAddress> clientDatagramSocketAddresses
= new ArrayList<InetSocketAddress>();
// Contains references to threads that maintain a persistent connection
// with each client. Data pertaining to the removal
// of torpedoes and ships are sent reliably to clients using this
// ArrayList.
private ArrayList<PersistentConnectionToClient> playerTCPConnections
= new ArrayList<PersistentConnectionToClient>();
// Simple gui to display what the server is tracking
protected ServerGUI display;
// Sector containing all information about the game state
protected Sector sector;
// True till GUI is closed. Setting to false cases all message forwarding
// and game state updating to end.
protected boolean playing = true;
// Reference for timer object used to automatically update torpedoes
protected Timer torpedoTimer;
// Class which contains the torpedo update task
protected TorpdedoUpdater torpUpdater;
// Socket with which clients make contact when first starting up.
ServerSocket gameServerSocket = null;
/**
* Server constructor. Create data members to use for
* tracking and updating game information. Create obstacles.
* Create and start GUI. Start threads and timer tasks.
*/
public SpaceGameServer()
{
// Create sector to hold all game information
sector = new Sector();
// Create and position the obstacles
createObstacles();
// Create the GUI that will display the sector
display = new ServerGUI( sector );
// Start the task to update the torpedoes
torpedoTimer = new Timer();
torpUpdater = new TorpdedoUpdater(this);
torpedoTimer.scheduleAtFixedRate( torpUpdater, 0, 50);
// Start the UDP server
new BestEffortServer(this).start();
// Start the TCP server
createPersistentClientConnections();
} // end SpaceGameServer constructor
/**
* Synchronized method to create thread safe access to the playerTCPConnections data member.
*
* @param persistConnect Object to be added to the ArrayList
*/
protected synchronized void addPersistentConnection( PersistentConnectionToClient persistConnect )
{
playerTCPConnections.add(persistConnect);
} // end addPersistentConnection
/**
* Synchronized method to create thread safe access to the playerTCPConnections data member.
*
* @param persistConnect Object to be removed from the ArrayList
*/
protected synchronized void removePersistentConnection( PersistentConnectionToClient persistConnect )
{ | [
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] | 1,024 | Github | -1.067052 | 0.319899 | -0.547264 | -0.351572 |
playerTCPConnections.remove(persistConnect);
}// end removePersistentConnection
/**
* Synchronized method to create thread safe access to the clientDatagramSocketAddresses data member.
*
* @param ISA IP address and port number of the DatagramSocket being added to the ArrayList
*/
protected synchronized void addClientDatagramSocketAddresses(InetSocketAddress ISA)
{
clientDatagramSocketAddresses.add(ISA);
} // end addClientDatagramSocketAddresses
/**
* Synchronized method to create thread safe access to the clientDatagramSocketAddresses data member.
*
* @param ISA IP address and port number of the DatagramSocket to be removed from the ArrayList
*/
protected synchronized void removeClientDatagramSocketAddresses(InetSocketAddress ISA)
{
clientDatagramSocketAddresses.remove(ISA);
} // end removeClientDatagramSocketAddresses
/**
* Implements the "accept" loop of a TCP server. Instantiates a new PersistentConnectionToClient
* object for each connection, starts it, and saves a reference to it in the playerTCPConnections
* ArrayList.
*/
protected void createPersistentClientConnections() {
try {
gameServerSocket = new ServerSocket(Constants.SERVER_PORT);
while( playing ){
try {
PersistentConnectionToClient pesistConnect
= new PersistentConnectionToClient( gameServerSocket.accept(), this);
pesistConnect.start();
addPersistentConnection(pesistConnect);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("createPersistentClientConnections() ");
}
}
this.gameServerSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("createPersistentClientConnections() ");
}
} // end createPersistentClientConnections
/**
* Create a number of obstacles as determined by a value held in
* Constants.NUMBER_OF_OBSTACLES. Obstacles are in random positions
* and are shared by all clients.
*/
protected void createObstacles()
{
for(int i = 0 ; i < Constants.NUMBER_OF_OBSTACLES ; i++)
{
sector.addObstacle( new Obstacle( rand.nextInt(Constants.MAX_SECTOR_X),rand.nextInt(Constants.MAX_SECTOR_Y) ) );
}
} // end createObstacles
/**
* Causes all threads and timer tasks to cease execution and closes all
* sockets. Called when the GUI is closed.
*/
public void close ()
{
playing = false;
} // end close
/**
* Sends remove information for a particular SpaceCraft or Torpedo to all clients.
*
* @param sc ship to be removed
*/
synchronized protected void sendRemoves( SpaceCraft sc ) {
// Go through all the players in the game
for(int i = 0; i < playerTCPConnections.size(); i++ ){
// Get the Socket and DataOutputStream for a particular
// player
PersistentConnectionToClient pesistConnect = playerTCPConnections.get(i);
// Send the remove information to a single client
pesistConnect.sendRemoveToClient(sc);
}
} // end sendRemove
/**
* Creates a update message for a torpedo and sends it to all
* clients.
*
* @param sc torpedo being updated
* @param | [
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] | 1,024 | Github | -1.713712 | -0.116157 | -1.146648 | -0.678859 |
<?php //-->
/**
* Twitter oauth
*
* @package Eden
* @category twitter
* @author Christian Blanquera [email protected]
*/
class eden_twitter_base extends Eden_Oauth_Base
{
/* Constants
-------------------------------*/
/* Public Properties
-------------------------------*/
/* Protected Properties
-------------------------------*/
protected $_consumerKey = NULL;
protected $_consumerSecret = NULL;
protected $_accessToken = NULL;
protected $_accessSecret = NULL;
protected $_signingKey = NULL;
protected $_baseString = NULL;
protected $_signingParams = NULL;
protected $_url = NULL;
protected $_authParams = NULL;
protected $_authHeader = NULL;
protected $_headers = NULL;
protected $_query = array();
/* Private Properties
-------------------------------*/
/* Get
-------------------------------*/
/* Magic
-------------------------------*/
public function __construct($consumerKey, $consumerSecret, $accessToken, $accessSecret)
{
//argument test
Eden_Twitter_Error::i()
->argument(1, 'string') //Argument 1 must be a string
->argument(2, 'string') //Argument 2 must be a string
->argument(3, 'string') //Argument 3 must be a string
->argument(4, 'string'); //Argument 4 must be a string
$this->_consumerKey = $consumerKey;
$this->_consumerSecret = $consumerSecret;
$this->_accessToken = $accessToken;
$this->_accessSecret = $accessSecret;
}
/* Public Methods
-------------------------------*/
/**
* Returns the meta of the last call
*
* @return array
*/
public function getMeta($key = NULL)
{
Eden_Twitter_Error::i()->argument(1, 'string', 'null');
if (isset($this->_meta[$key])) {
return $this->_meta[$key];
}
return $this->_meta;
}
/**
* Check if the response is json format
*
* @param string
* @return boolean
*/
public function isJson($string)
{
//argument 1 must be a string
Eden_Twitter_Error::i()->argument(1, 'string');
json_decode($string);
return (json_last_error() == JSON_ERROR_NONE);
}
/* Protected Methods
-------------------------------*/
protected function _accessKey($array)
{
foreach ($array as $key => $val) {
if (is_array($val)) {
$array[$key] = $this->_accessKey($val);
}
//if value is null
if (is_null($val) || empty($val)) {
unset($array[$key]);
} elseif ($val === false) {
$array[$key] = 0;
} elseif ($val === true) {
$array[$key] = 1;
}
}
return $array;
}
protected function _getResponse($url, array $query = array())
{
//prevent sending fields with no value
$query = $this->_accessKey($query);
$rest = Eden_Oauth::i()
->consumer($url, $this->_consumerKey, $this->_consumerSecret)
->setMethodToGet()
->setToken($this->_accessToken, $this->_accessSecret)
->setSignatureToHmacSha1();
//get response from curl
$response = $rest->getResponse($query);
//reset variables
unset($this->_query);
$this->_meta = $rest->getMeta();
//check if the response is in json format
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] | 1,024 | Github | -1.803375 | -0.252425 | -1.745585 | -1.486483 |
if ($this->isJson($response)) {
//json encode it
return json_decode($response, true);
//else it is a raw query
} else {
//return it
return $response;
}
}
protected function _post($url, array $query = array())
{
//prevent sending fields with no value
$query = $this->_accessKey($query);
$rest = Eden_Oauth::i()
->consumer($url, $this->_consumerKey, $this->_consumerSecret)
->setMethodToPost()
->setToken($this->_accessToken, $this->_accessSecret)
->setSignatureToHmacSha1();
//get the authorization parameters as an array
$signature = $rest->getSignature($query);
$authorization = $rest->getAuthorization($signature, false);
$authorization = $this->_buildQuery($authorization);
if (is_array($query)) {
$query = $this->_buildQuery($query);
}
$headers = array();
$headers[] = Eden_Oauth_Consumer::POST_HEADER;
//determine the conector
$connector = NULL;
//if there is no question mark
if (strpos($url, '?') === false) {
$connector = '?';
//if the redirect doesn't end with a question mark
} elseif (substr($url, -1) != '?') {
$connector = '&';
}
//now add the authorization to the url
$url .= $connector.$authorization;
//set curl
$curl = Eden_Curl::i()
->verifyHost(false)
->verifyPeer(false)
->setUrl($url)
->setPost(true)
->setPostFields($query)
->setHeaders($headers);
//get the response
$response = $curl->getJsonResponse();
//reset variables
unset($this->_query);
$this->_meta = $curl->getMeta();
$this->_meta['url'] = $url;
$this->_meta['authorization'] = $authorization;
$this->_meta['headers'] = $headers;
$this->_meta['query'] = $query;
return $response;
}
protected function _upload($url, array $query = array())
{
//prevent sending fields with no value
$query = $this->_accessKey($query);
//set url
$this->_url = $url;
//make authorization for twitter
$this->_getAuthentication();
//set headers
$this->_headers['Expect'] = '';
//at this point, the authentication header si already set
foreach ($this->_headers as $k => $v) {
//trim header
$headers[] = trim($k . ': ' . $v);
}
//set curl
$curl = Eden_Curl::i()
->verifyHost(false)
->verifyPeer(false)
->setUrl($url)
->setPost(true)
->setPostFields($query)
->setHeaders($headers);
//json decode the response
$response = $curl->getJsonResponse();
//reset variables
unset($this->_query);
$this->_meta = $curl->getMeta();
$this->_meta['url'] = $url;
$this->_meta['headers'] = $headers;
$this->_meta['query'] = $query;
return $response;
}
protected function _getAuthentication()
{
//populate fields
$defaults = array(
'oauth_version' => '1.0',
'oauth_nonce' => md5(uniqid(rand(), true)),
'oauth_timestamp' => time(),
'oauth_consumer_key' | [
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] | 1,024 | Github | -1.800658 | -0.276758 | -1.706134 | -1.678744 |
Protocadherin gamma A3 Kits ELISA
Protocadherin gamma A3 (PCDHgA3) Kits ELISA
PCDHgA3 is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. De plus, nous expédions Protocadherin gamma A3 Anticorps (104) et Protocadherin gamma A3 Protéines (4) et beaucoup plus de produits pour cette protéine.
list all ELISA KIts
PCDHgA3 56112 Q9Y5H0
Anti-Souris PCDHgA3 PCDHgA3 93711
Anti-Rat PCDHgA3 PCDHgA3 498847
Comment commander chez anticorps-enligne
+1 888 205 9894 (toll-free)
Commandez enligne
[email protected]
Top Protocadherin gamma A3 Kits ELISA sur anticorps-enligne.fr
Showing 1 out of 1 products:
Reactivité
ABIN820069 Humain 15.6 pg/mL 62.5-4000 pg/mL 96 Tests 15 to 18 Days
Plus produit pour Protocadherin gamma A3 ELISA Kit
138 anti-Protocadherin gamma A3 Primary Antibodies
1 Protocadherin gamma A3 ELISA & Assay Kits
4 Protocadherin gamma A3 Proteins
Plus Kits ELISA pour Protocadherin gamma A3 partenaires d'interaction
Human Protocadherin gamma A3 (PCDHgA3) interaction partners
Results indicate that DNA methylation at CpG sites in the promoter region of PCDHGA3 is associated with biological age.
altered PCDHGA3 gene expression was strongly associated with reduced stroke volume and ventricular dysfunction in ICM, suggesting a relevant role in hemodynamic perturbations and cardiac performance for this unexplored protocadherin
the results of the present study indicated that PCDHGA3 was expressed in follicular lymphoma(FL) irrespective of BCL2 status and grading and was associated with cell proliferation. Further studies involving molecular genetic analyses are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the activity of PCDHGA3 in FL.
Deletions within this VCD region that disrupt the association altered trafficking of Pcdh-gammaA3 in the endolysosomal system.
Protocadherin gamma A3 (PCDHgA3) profil antigène
This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes.
Gene names and symbols associated with PCDHgA3
protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 3 (PCDHGA3) anticorps
PCDH-GAMMA-A3 anticorps
Protein level used designations for PCDHgA3
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ACL Preview: Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors vs Buriram United
Matthew Binns May 20, 2019 read ( words)
K League champions Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors welcome Thai League 1 title holders Buriram United to Jeonju in the final match of this year's AFC Champions League group stage with both teams' fates already decided. Thai Football expert Paul Murphy joins our Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors columnist Matthew Binns to look what's ahead for the Korean side, where it all went wrong for Buriram and which players we should be looking to keep an eye on within these rotated lineups come Tuesday evening.
Matthew Asks, Paul Answers
Matthew Binns: This match is somewhat of a dead rubber with both sides unable to change their final standings in the group. On the whole, how have you rated Buriram United's efforts this year in this competition?
Paul Murphy: It has been a very disappointing tournament for Buriram. With the exception of 2016, they have been competitive in the ACL in all of their participations so it feels like a huge backward step to have limped out of the competition so meekly. The home match with Jeonbuk was the only time we saw what felt like the true Buriram – intense, focused and defensively strong. In other matches, they have been outclassed.
MB: Is there anything you feel the side should have approached differently over the course of the group stages?
PM: I don't think the problems have been with the 'approach' but they all relate to the club's recruitment in the close season. Foreign signings are absolutely key to ACL success and they got these all wrong. Diogo Luis Santo, Osvaldo and Yoo Jun-soo were always going to be difficult to replace, but the club did worse than anyone could have anticipated. Striker Modibo Maiga was so unimpressive that he had his contract terminated, while Hajime Hosogai arrived injured and wasn't included in the ACL squad. Pedro Junior has started to prove his worth but that has taken time and it is now too late.
Something that has possibly been overlooked has been the frequent absence of left wing-back Korrakot Wiriyaudomsiri. He may not be the best defensively but his set pieces create chances and when you are often up against it, this can make the difference in tight games. Korrakot has spent most of the season on the bench but he may have made an important contribution if selected.
MB: What positives can be taken from this campaign for Buriram and which particular players have stood out for you?
PM: The only real positive has been the experience it has given Buriram's youngsters, with 20-year-olds Supachai Jaided and Supachok Sarachat getting another campaign under their belts. We also saw striker Suphanat Mueanta become the youngest ever scorer in the tournament at 16 years old.
Overall, performances have been disappointing so you have to hope that the young players have learned from it and will be stronger in their next participation.
MB: With only pride to play for, is it likely we will see a rotated side for this one and, if so, which players should neutrals be looking to keep an eye on?
PM: Buriram will probably give some game time to players who have not featured too frequently, especially as they play bitter rivals Muang Thong United the following weekend.
It would not surprise me to see Suphanat being given a start. He has looked completely unfazed playing at this level at such a young age and it would be a great experience for him.
Luong Xuan Truong is another who has been used sparingly but the Vietnamese midfielder has the quality to pick a pass and score from distance. He is one to watch out for.
Korrakot may also get a run out and if Buriram get lots of free kicks and corners, his deliveries will be tough for the Jeonbuk defence.
MB: How do you see this fixture playing out?
PM: With little at stake, I don't expect a thriller. Neither side will want to risk too much and we are probably going to see a lot of fringe players starting.
It would not surprise me if the teams played out a tame draw but Buriram have been very weak defensively this year and that might give Jeonbuk the | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.008905 | -0.674691 | -0.114649 | -0.225717 |
edge. They will also want revenge for the defeat in Thailand so a home win is the likeliest result.
Paul's Predicted Score: Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 2-0 Buriram United.
Paul Asks, Matthew Answers
Paul Murphy: Given Buriram's strong performances last year and victory at home to Jeonbuk this year, have fans in Korea been surprised that they have done so poorly overall?
Matthew Binns: I do think fans have been far more wary of the threat they pose this season but, as far as expectations go, Buriram United have fared as predicted due to the opponents in the group. Jeonbuk were also anticipated to struggle against Urawa Red Diamonds and Beijing Guoan, so to claim twelve points form those ties is seen as quite a coup. With Buriram claiming a scalp against Jeonbuk, and looking better than the K League side for most of the match, I think there is an acknowledgment of the growing reputation of Thai football in Korea and that teams from the region should not be underestimated. With the K League looking to introduce an ASEAN quota next season, it seems that even the governing bodies acknowledge that the quality exists and is there to take advantage of rather than continue to overlook.
[Listen: ASEAN Player Quota]
PM: What do you see as the main difference between this year's Buriram and the side that pushed Jeonbuk all the way in the last 16 in 2018?
MB: The most obvious difference from purely K League fans' perspective is the lack of Edgar Silva. His display in last 16 looked as if it shook Jeonbuk, with his first leg goals posing difficult questions of a side that was running away with their domestic division. His absence has perhaps been further emphasised by his move to Daegu not long after that fixture, where his displays in the K League, FA Cup and this year's Champions League have underlined what an acquisition he was.
Despite the victory over Jeonbuk earlier in this group, there was a feeling that if Buriram had been more ruthless with the chances they created, they could have further hurt the K League champions, and this may have been due to the striker's absence and time still being required for new acquisitions to bed in.
PM: Are Jeonbuk likely to rest many of their first-team regulars for this one? If so, are there any exciting fringe players to watch for?
MB: Wholesale changes are expected to the Jeonbuk line up given that they are now trailing in the league and must concentrate on clawing themselves back into top spot. So far, manager Jose Morais has mostly stuck with the players that were already at his disposal when he arrived but this would be a prime opportunity to trial some of the winter acquisitions once more. Hopefully Lee Keun-ho and Han Seung-gyu are given a sizable amount of minutes. While Han has featured infrequently throughout the season, Lee has played just once despite showing huge promise last year at Pohang Steelers. The youngster can play as a striker though and, while he does have established names ahead of him in the queue in Lee Dong-gook and Kim Shin-wook, the fact that Adriano is injured for the rest of the season means the manager should start to entrust his new signing so he can get valuable minutes and offer a viable backup solution for the rest of the campaign.
PM: Can Jeonbuk go all the way this year and repeat their triumphs of 2006 and 2016?
MB: At present, Jeonbuk's biggest threat in this competiton looks to be fellow K League teams, with the side having not yet defeated one of their Champions League rivals in the division this year. Ulsan Hyundai could really pose questions over two legs if the sides were to meet but, with both teams topping their groups, they will fortunately not encounter each other in the last 16. Jeonbuk certainly have the team to go far in this competition and, despite the defeat to Buriram, have had four impressive victories against teams that were deemed potential stumbling blocks at the start of the competition. They should, however, only be concentrating on the next round where they could face tricky opposition in Shanghai SIPG or Kawasaki Frontale.
PM: How do you see this fixture playing out?
MB: Like you suggest, I can see this match falling | [
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Gaming & Culture —
How we'd save Nintendo
Ars editors lay out their ideas to turn the House of Mario around.
Ars Staff - May 12, 2014 12:00 am UTC
Idea 4: Stop making hardware
Enlarge / The last bit of Nintendo hardware that significantly drove software design.
Jonas Nilsson Lee
Just about everyone would agree that the best part of Nintendo is its games. I remember, love, and cherish my Nintendo consoles as much as anyone, but none of the best ones have come out in the last decade. Nintendo needs to put emotions aside and really ask itself, "What are we trying to accomplish with our hardware?"
The response would likely be something along the lines of "Our hardware enables us to make great games." But does it, really? I'd argue that the last piece of hardware that really benefited Nintendo's own software was the Nintendo 64. That system's more powerful 3D-first internals and the popularization of the analog stick revolutionized gaming. Without the Nintendo 64 hardware, games like Super Mario 64, Wave Race, Mario Kart, Goldeneye, and both N64 Zelda titles wouldn't have been nearly as good as they were. This is the kind of meaningful, effective innovation that justifies building your own console.
The last piece of Nintendo hardware that mattered.
The Nintendo 64 was released in 1996, though. Since then, things have looked different. The GameCube had a controller that was well made and comfortable, but it didn't really provide anything unique that benefited Nintendo's games. Luigi's Mansion, Pikmin, Wave Race, Mario Sunshine, Metroid Prime, Super Smash Bros: Melee, and Wind Waker would have worked just as well on a PS2 or Xbox as they did on the GameCube, with only very minor changes.
The Wii was one of Nintendo's greatest hardware successes, and its top-selling game and primary system mover, Wii Sports, was made possible by the unique motion-enabled control scheme. Wii Sports was an anomaly though. Motion-optional games like Mario Kart Wii and Twilight Princess were significantly better with traditional controllers. Both Super Mario Galaxy games only made use of motion controls with a tacked-on shooting mechanic, and Super Smash Bros. and New Super Mario Bros. Wii completely ignored the feature. Skyward Sword added extra hardware that enabled 1:1 sword movement, but even that just led to exhaustive arm swinging that didn't add much to the game.
As for the internals of the console itself, the Wii was a disappointment. It was much, much slower than the Xbox 360 or the PS3 and it didn't support HD graphics. Nintendo's online infrastructure was terrible and way behind Sony and Microsoft. As with the GameCube, almost every major Wii franchise game could have been done just as well, if not better, on a PS3 or Xbox 360. Nintendo's hardware team created a one-off fad with motion controls, but those controls were ignored by most of Nintendo's software groups and failed to create anything to push Nintendo's core franchises forward.
The Wii U is the ultimate argument for Nintendo's decline as a hardware maker. The system's embarrassing monster of a controller has a 6-inch LCD, a touchscreen, motion controls, 15 buttons, a D pad, two analog sticks, a stylus, stereo speakers, an infrared port, a webcam, a microphone, a headphone jack, a volume slider, a charging port, a rumble pack, and—in case they missed anything—an accessory port. This isn't a cohesive vision of the future of gaming that will improve Nintendo's games; this is a hardware team that has run out of ideas and is flailing in all directions. Not to mention that the Wii U controller is too big, is uncomfortably heavy, can't support multiple players, and has terrible battery life.
And just like the last few Nintendo hardware "innovations," the Wii U controller has been shunned and ignored even by Nintendo's own software groups. The Mario games for the Wii U so far all implement one or two unnecessary gimmicks, and you can bet that Super Smash Bros. and Mario Kart won't make significant | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.118436 | -0.02077 | 0.440354 | 0.194538 |
Dennis Cochrane
2.75 / 3.00 Kim O'Rourke
Vice President for Policy and Governance
Office of the Vice President for Policy and Governance
"---" indicates that no data was submitted for this field
Do the institution's students have a representative body through which they can participate in governance (e.g. a student council)? :
Do the institution's students have an elected representative on the institution's highest governing body?:
A brief description of the bodies and mechanisms through which students are engaged in governance, including information to support each affirmative response above:
The Student Government Association (undergraduate students) and the Graduate Student Assembly (graduate students):
http://www.governance.vt.edu/bylaws---constitution.html
SGA: http://www.sga.vt.edu/
GSA: https://blogs.lt.vt.edu/graduatestudentassembly/
The Virginia Tech Board of Visitors selects an undergraduate student representative and a graduate student representative to the Board of Visitors each year.
Do the institution's staff members have a representative body through which they can participate in governance (e.g. a staff council)?:
Do the institution's non-supervisory staff members have an elected representative on the institution's highest governing body?:
A brief description of the bodies and mechanisms through which staff are engaged in governance, including information to support each affirmative response above:
The Staff Senate President is also the Staff Representative to the Board of Visitors by virtue of his or her position. His or her position as the Staff Senate President is voted on by the Staff Senate members.
Staff members representative body:
Staff Senate: http://www.governance.vt.edu/bylaws---constitution.html
Non-supervisory staff members engaged in governance:
Staff Senate President: https://www.staffsenate.vt.edu/
Do the institution's teaching and research faculty have a representative body through which they can participate in governance (e.g. a faculty senate)?:
Do the institution's teaching and research faculty have an elected representative on the institution's highest governing body? :
A brief description of the bodies and mechanisms through which teaching and research faculty are engaged in governance, including information to support each affirmative response above:
The Faculty Senate President is also the Faculty Representative to the Board of Visitors by virtue of his or her position. His or her position as the Faculty Senate President is voted on by the Faculty Senate members.
Teaching and Research Faculty's representative body:
Faculty Senate: http://www.governance.vt.edu/bylaws---constitution.html
Teaching and Research Faculty's elected representative:
Faculty Senate President: https://www.facultysenate.vt.edu/
Does the institution have written policies and procedures to identify and engage external stakeholders (i.e. local residents) in land use planning, capital investment projects, and other institutional decisions that affect the community?:
A copy of the written policies and procedures:
Verniel, Master Plan Committee, 5-4-16.pdf
The policies and procedures:
Virginia Tech has procedures to engage representatives of the local community in the Master Plan process through both formal representation on the official Master Plan Committee and in community feedback sessions that are open and publicized to the general public. In addition, local officials or community leaders with specific expertise are often appointed to committees that help guide individual building projects or development plans in areas of particular interest on campus. For example Blacksburg Town Manager Marc Verniel, a local government administrator, has been appointed to the Campus Master Plan Committee in a letter issued by the Associate Vice President for Facilities and Chief Facilities Officer Dr. Chris Kiwus.
Does the institution have formal participatory or shared governance bodies through which community members representing the interests of the following stakeholder groups can regularly participate in institutional governance?:
Local government and/or educational organizations Yes
Private sector organizations Yes
Civil society (e.g. NGOs, NPOs) Yes
A brief description of the bodies and mechanisms through which external stakeholders are engaged in institutional governance (including information about each stakeholder group selected above):
Virginia Tech participates in a number of Codified governing bodies with membership from the university, the Town of Blacksburg, Montgomery County and the greater New River Valley in South | [
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west Virginia. All of these governing bodies determine which and how services will be provided to the community stakeholders. In addition to having an appointed representative from each participating locality with voting rights, all of these organizations are subject to public notice, Virginia open public meeting law, and FOIA, so community members have ample opportunity to engage and provide input. The following is a list of bodies and mechanisms through which external stakeholders are directly engaged in institutional governance type activities that directly impact Virginia Tech:
1. New River Valley Emergency Communications Regional Authority
http://www.nrv911.org/
The mission of the New River Valley Emergency Communications Regional Authority is to provide quality and reliable 911 dispatch and emergency communication services to the community and agencies we serve. The Authority services the Towns of Blacksburg and Christiansburg, Montgomery County and Virginia Tech. Our partnership will promote interoperability, collaboration and convey the highest level of professionalism. Our commitment to excellence in public safety will foster a safe environment and promptly respond to the needs of our citizens.
Virginia Tech's Vice President for Operations is the Chair of the Board of Directors.
2. Virginia Tech-Montgomery Regional Airport Authority
http://www.vtmea.com/about.html
The Virginia Tech Montgomery Executive Airport is located on 248 acres adjacent to the university's main campus on Research Center Drive in Blacksburg and is operated by the Virginia Tech/Montgomery Regional Airport Authority. It's used by a wide variety of leisure and business travelers and facilitates a number of business activities, including aerial inspections, photography, surveying, agricultural spraying, career training, emergency medical aviation, and flight training. It also serves as a gateway for business and political leaders, law enforcement, public charters, recreational flying and parachuting, and search and rescue flights.
Airport Master Plan: http://www.vtmea.com/pdfs/Table%20of%20Contents.pdf.
Virginia Tech Vice President for Operations Dr. Sherwood Wilson is a Board Member.
3. New River Valley Regional Water Authority:
http://nrvwater.org/ Home Page
http://nrvwater.org/about/board-of-directors/
Virginia Tech Vice President for Operations Sherwood Wilson in the Virginia Tech Board Member and Current Chair
http://nrvwater.org/about/about-authority/
The NRV Regional Water Authority's mission is to provide a reliable source of water and safe drinking water to member water systems that include:
• The Town of Blacksburg
• The Town of Christiansburg
• Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech)
• Areas of Montgomery County served by the Montgomery County PSA
The NRV Regional Water Authority's source for water is the New River. Water is withdrawn from the New River and pumped to the water treatment plant for treatment and purification before it is sent to Authority member systems.
• Water treatment is the industrial-scale processes that makes water more acceptable for an end-use, which may be drinking, industry, or medicine. Water treatment should remove existing water contaminants or reduce their concentration that their water becomes fit for its desired end-use, which may be safely returning used water to the environment.
• Water purification is the removal of contaminants from untreated water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for the most critical of its intended uses, usually for human consumption. Substances that are removed during the process of drinking water treatment include suspended solids, bacteria, algae, viruses, fungi, minerals such as iron, manganese and sulfur, and other chemical pollutants such as fertilizers.
• Measures taken to ensure water quality not only relate to the treatment of the water, but to its conveyance and distribution after treatment as well. It is therefore common practice to have residual disinfectants in the treated water in order to kill any bacteriological contamination during distribution.
The Authority wholesales its treated/purified water to its members. The treated/purified water flows through each member's storage and distribution system before it is delivered to industries, businesses and households in the region for its intended use.
4. Montgomery Regional Solid Waste Authority:
http://www.m | [
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Unanimous SCOTUS strikes warrantless entry of home for minor offense
The Supreme Court upheld an individual's right to private property against government intrusion in two very different California cases, underscoring the libertarian leanings of the more conservative majority, reported the Los Angeles Times.
The decisions — one unanimous and the other ideologically split — also bolstered privacy rights.
In one case, the justices sided with a California motorist who complained when a police officer followed him without a warrant into his home garage, where he was questioned and ticketed for drunk driving.
The justices, both conservative and liberal, have long looked skeptically at police searches of homes, and the unanimous ruling for the California driver arrested in his garage provided a chance to strengthen that position.
The court ruled for a retired Sonoma County real estate broker who was followed home by a California Highway Patrol officer. The officer noticed the man was playing loud music on his car radio.
The officer turned on the flashing lights of his patrol car just as Arthur Lange pulled into his driveway. The officer followed Lange into his garage, questioned him and then wrote him a ticket for drunk driving. Lange appealed, arguing his right to privacy had been violated.
The justices set aside his conviction and said the 4th Amendment usually forbids the police to enter a driveway or a home unless it is a true emergency or they have a search warrant.
Justice Elena Kagan noted that the case did not involve pursuing a felon fleeing from the scene of a major crime. Lange was charged with a misdemeanor.
"The need to pursue a misdemeanant does not trigger a categorical rule allowing home entry, even absent a law enforcement emergency," she wrote. "When the nature of the crime, the nature of the flight, and surrounding facts present no such exigency, officers must respect the sanctity of the home — which means that they must get a warrant," she wrote.
Although all nine justices agreed with the outcome in Lange's case, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. and Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. wrote a partial dissent. They said police should have leeway to pursue a fleeing suspect, regardless of the nature of the crime.
Roberts said Wednesday's ruling will prove confusing for the police. "It is the flight, not the underlying offense, that has always been understood to justify the general rule: 'Police officers may enter premises without a warrant when they are in hot pursuit of a fleeing suspect,'" he wrote, quoting a 2011 ruling that upheld an officer's pursuit of a drug suspect who fled into an apartment.
Lange's case was different, however, because he did not know the officer was following him and, therefore, was not a fleeing suspect.
Justice Brett M. Kavanaugh said he agreed with the court's ruling but stressed that its opinion "does not disturb the long-settled rule that pursuit of a fleeing felon is itself an exigent circumstance justifying warrantless entry into a home."
California Atty. Gen. Rob Bonta applauded the ruling and said it "strengthens protections against warrantless entries into the home."
A Superior Court judge and a California appeals court had ruled for the police and upheld the search because the officer had grounds to stop and question the motorist.
"Because the officer was in hot pursuit of a suspect whom he had probable cause to arrest, the officer's warrantless entry into Lange's driveway and garage were lawful," the state court said.
Kagan and the high court disagreed, saying there is no "law enforcement emergency." The "constitutional interest at stake is the sanctity of a person's living space," she said. "When it comes to the 4th Amendment, the home is first among equals."
Posted by Law and Justice Policy at Friday, June 25, 2021
Labels: Fourth Amendment, search warrant, Supreme Court
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.417143 | 0.34845 | 0.681543 | 0.661278 |
set -o errexit
cd "$(dirname "$0")"
# Set the default verbose mode in buildenv.sh so that we do not display command
# output unless there is a failure. We do this conditionally to offer the user
# a chance of overriding this in case they want to do so.
: ${VERBOSE:=no}
source scripts/bootstrap/buildenv.sh
function usage() {
[ -n "${1:-compile}" ] && echo "Invalid command(s): $1" >&2
echo "syntax: $0 [command[,command]* [BAZEL_BIN [BAZEL_SUM]]]" >&2
echo " General purpose commands:" >&2
echo " compile = compile the bazel binary (default)" >&2
echo " Commands for developers:" >&2
echo " all = compile,determinism,test" >&2
echo " determinism = test for stability of Bazel builds" >&2
echo " srcs = test that //:srcs contains all the sources" >&2
echo " test = run the full test suite of Bazel" >&2
exit 1
}
function parse_options() {
local keywords="(compile|all|determinism|bootstrap|srcs|test)"
COMMANDS="${1:-compile}"
[[ "${COMMANDS}" =~ ^$keywords(,$keywords)*$ ]] || usage "$@"
DO_COMPILE=
DO_CHECKSUM=
DO_FULL_CHECKSUM=1
DO_TESTS=
DO_SRCS_TEST=
[[ "${COMMANDS}" =~ (compile|all) ]] && DO_COMPILE=1
[[ "${COMMANDS}" =~ (bootstrap|determinism|all) ]] && DO_CHECKSUM=1
[[ "${COMMANDS}" =~ (bootstrap) ]] && DO_FULL_CHECKSUM=
[[ "${COMMANDS}" =~ (srcs|all) ]] && DO_SRCS_TEST=1
[[ "${COMMANDS}" =~ (test|all) ]] && DO_TESTS=1
BAZEL_BIN=${2:-"bazel-bin/src/bazel"}
BAZEL_SUM=${3:-"x"}
}
parse_options "${@}"
mkdir -p output
: ${BAZEL:=${2-}}
#
# Create an initial binary so we can host ourself
#
if [ ! -x "${BAZEL}" ]; then
display "$INFO You can skip this first step by providing a path to the bazel binary as second argument:"
display "$INFO $0 ${COMMANDS} /path/to/bazel"
new_step 'Building Bazel from scratch'
source scripts/bootstrap/compile.sh
# The DO_COMPILE flow will actually create the bazel binary and set BAZEL.
DO_COMPILE=1
fi
#
# Bootstrap bazel using the previous bazel binary = release binary
#
if [ "${EMBED_LABEL-x}" = "x" ]; then
# Add a default label when unspecified
git_sha1=$(git_sha1)
EMBED_LABEL="$(get_last_version) (@${git_sha1:-non-git})"
fi
if [[ $PLATFORM == "darwin" ]] && \
xcodebuild -showsdks 2> /dev/null | grep -q '\-sdk iphonesimulator'; then
EXTRA_BAZEL_ARGS="${EXTRA_BAZEL_ARGS-} --define IPHONE_SDK=1"
fi
source scripts/bootstrap/bootstrap.sh
if [ $DO_COMPILE ]; then
new_step 'Building Bazel with Bazel'
display "."
log "Building output/bazel"
bazel_build "src:bazel${EXE_EXT}" \
|| fail "Could not build Bazel"
bazel_bin_path="$(get_bazel_bin_path)/src/bazel${EXE_EXT}"
[ -e "$bazel_bin_path" ] \ | [
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2109,
29918,
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320
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.53982 | 0.026599 | -1.239896 | -0.967883 |
|| fail "Could not find freshly built Bazel binary at '$bazel_bin_path'"
cp -f "$bazel_bin_path" "output/bazel${EXE_EXT}" \
|| fail "Could not copy '$bazel_bin_path' to 'output/bazel${EXE_EXT}'"
chmod 0755 "output/bazel${EXE_EXT}"
BAZEL="$(pwd)/output/bazel${EXE_EXT}"
fi
#
# Output is deterministic between two bootstrapped bazel binary using the actual tools and the
# released binary.
#
if [ $DO_CHECKSUM ]; then
new_step "Determinism test"
if [ ! -f ${BAZEL_SUM:-x} ]; then
BAZEL_SUM=bazel-out/bazel_checksum
log "First build"
bootstrap_test ${BAZEL} ${BAZEL_SUM}
else
BOOTSTRAP=${BAZEL}
fi
if [ "${BAZEL_SUM}" != "${OUTPUT_DIR}/bazel_checksum" ]; then
cp ${BAZEL_SUM} ${OUTPUT_DIR}/bazel_checksum
fi
if [ $DO_FULL_CHECKSUM ]; then
log "Second build"
bootstrap_test ${BOOTSTRAP} bazel-out/bazel_checksum
log "Comparing output"
(diff -U 0 ${OUTPUT_DIR}/bazel_checksum bazel-out/bazel_checksum >&2) \
|| fail "Differences detected in outputs!"
fi
fi
#
# Test that //:srcs contains all the sources
#
if [ $DO_SRCS_TEST ]; then
new_step "Checking that //:srcs contains all the sources"
log "Querying //:srcs"
${BAZEL} query 'kind("source file", deps(//:srcs))' 2>/dev/null \
| grep -v '^@' \
| sed -e 's|^//||' | sed 's|^:||' | sed 's|:|/|' \
| sort -u >"${OUTPUT_DIR}/srcs-query"
log "Finding all files"
# SRCS_EXCLUDES can be overriden to adds some more exceptions for the find
# commands (for CI systems).
SRCS_EXCLUDES=${SRCS_EXCLUDES-XXXXXXXXXXXXXX1268778dfsdf4}
# See file BUILD for the list of grep -v exceptions.
# tools/defaults package is hidden by Bazel so cannot be put in the srcs.
find . -type f | sed 's|./||' \
| grep -v '^bazel-' | grep -v '^WORKSPACE.user.bzl' \
| grep -v '^\.' | grep -v '^out/' | grep -v '^output/' \
| grep -Ev "${SRCS_EXCLUDES}" \
| grep -v '^tools/defaults/BUILD' \
| sort -u >"${OUTPUT_DIR}/srcs-find"
log "Diffing"
res="$(diff -U 0 "${OUTPUT_DIR}/srcs-find" "${OUTPUT_DIR}/srcs-query" | sed 's|^-||' | grep -Ev '^(@@|\+\+|--)' || true)"
if [ -n "${res}" ]; then
fail "//:srcs filegroup do not contains all the sources, missing:
${res}"
fi
fi
#
# Tests
#
if [ $DO_TESTS ]; then
new_step "Running tests"
display "."
ndk_target="$(get_bind_target //external:android_ndk_for_testing)"
sdk_target="$(get_bind_target //external:android_sdk_for_testing)"
if [ "$ndk_target" = "//:dummy" -o "$sdk_target" = "//:dummy" ]; then
display "$WARNING | [
13,
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376,
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451,
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13,
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620,
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565,
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5038,
12940,
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376,
458,
29901,
4351,
29879,
934,
2972,
437,
451,
3743,
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278,
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13,
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13,
13,
259,
299,
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543,
12330,
657,
29918,
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5513,
13,
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543,
12330,
657,
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5355,
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5182,
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2843,
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1454,
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13424,
5513,
13,
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565,
518,
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299,
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29918,
5182,
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353,
376,
458,
29901,
29881,
11770,
29908,
448,
29877,
3908,
15348,
29918,
5182,
29908,
353,
376,
458,
29901,
29881,
11770,
29908,
12940,
769,
13,
1678,
2479,
3908,
29956,
25614
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.436572 | 0.23684 | -1.083886 | -0.889145 |
Self-Help and Memoir
Sci-Fi, Fantasy, & Spec Fiction
Shirts, Hoodies, and Wristbands
Blog: How to Save Your Inner Superhero
Lost Imaginations
Read. Write. Rest.
Dear Susan: Mr. Moral
Hey Susan,
I've been meaning to write for a while, but these classes have been pretty draining. I drive by your office (at least where your office used to be) on Mondays and Tuesdays on my way to class. Each time I think about how I made the trek across the city once a week to sit in your office and try to feel better. To not hate myself. I still need some support and this seems like the best way to keep in contact with you, whether you're here or not.
A lot has been going through my mind these last few months. Things I've wanted to talk about with you, but kept pushing it to the back burner. Hopefully, we get a chance to discuss all of them before the end of the year.
First, I've wanted to talk to you about Kendrick's latest album, Mr. Morale & The Big Steppers. I know you're probably wondering who Kendrick is (with yo old ass). Kendrick Lamar is a West Coast rapper. He's probably not your style of music. You definitely seem to be more of a Fleetwood Mac sort of girl. Lol. Just messing with you.
Anyway, in this album, Kendrick talks about sexual abuse of males, breaking the cycle of abuse, and being viewed as a savior. He begins to address the sexual abuse of males and breaking the cycle of abuse in his song, "Mr. Morale." He raps in the chorus:
Shit on my mind and it's heavy
Tell you in pieces 'cause it's way too heavy
My diamonds, the choker it's way too heavy
More life to give on demand, are you ready?
Who keep 'em honest like us?
Who gotta heal 'em all? Us (Us)
When there's no one to call
I've often felt this sense of grandiosity that Kendrick is describing here. It seems he is saying, he's begun the healing process and has gathered a lot of information about what is needed to break the cycle, but feels the pressure of feeling as though he has to save those around him; his loved ones, his culture, his race. It's a heavy burden, but it's one I can relate to. It's the definition of man vs. society. It's a heavy lift that can drive any person crazy, but he attempts to heal himself and give information to others the only way he knows how; through his music. I'm sure it still does not feel like enough for him, because as a teacher and other it doesn't feel like enough for me. It's like yelling at a mountain to move while the ocean continues to rise, drowning you one millimeter at a time. It can be maddening.
He goes on to state, "Tyler Perry, the face of a thousand rappers, using violence to cover what really happened, I know somebody's listening." Tyler Perry was sexually abuse and assaulted as a kid and he has often talked about it, but what's interesting is that Kendrick is saying the music industry is filled with male survivors who don't / can't / won't talk about their abuse. All of them covering up their trauma in culturally acceptable ways of what it means to be a "real" black man. This means hurt those who hurt you, have a lot of sex, and embody what it means to be a purely sexual object rather than an individual who has the ability to be an intellectual, father, and so much more than the box they have been forced into.
These stereotypes are what kept me from getting the help I needed for so long. I didn't need therapy or medication because I was stronger than that. I didn't need to talk about my depression because who would listen anyway? And why talk about the sexual abuse when I spent the majority of my time telling myself it didn't happen. All the while I questioned when did I lose my virginity and whether or not I was going to hell for having my virginity taken. Other black male survivors have been made to believe that having their virginity taken by an older woman is what makes you man and good at it later on. All of it makes me see how impossible it is to | [
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Shape and symmetry
==================
.. meta::
:description: Constructing periodic tight-binding systems
The last two sections showed how to model shape and symmetry individually, but we can be more
creative and combine the two.
.. only:: html
:nbexport:`Download this page as a Jupyter notebook <self>`
.. _graphene_nanoribbons:
Nanoribbons
-----------
To create a graphene nanoribbon, we'll need a shape to give the finite width of the ribbon
while the infinite length is achieved by imposing translational symmetry.
.. plot::
:context: reset
:alt: Zigzag graphene nanoribbon
from pybinding.repository import graphene
model = pb.Model(
graphene.monolayer(),
pb.rectangle(1.2), # nm
pb.translational_symmetry(a1=True, a2=False)
)
model.plot()
model.lattice.plot_vectors(position=[-0.6, 0.3]) # nm
As before, the central darker circles represent the main cell of the nanoribbon, the lighter
colored circles are the translations due to symmetry and the red lines are boundary hoppings.
The two arrows in the upper left corner show the primitive lattice vectors of graphene.
The :func:`.translational_symmetry` is applied only in the :math:`a_1` lattice vector direction
which gives the ribbon its infinite length, but the symmetry is disabled in the :math:`a_2`
direction so that the finite size of the shape is preserved. The builtin :func:`.rectangle` shape
gives the nanoribbon its 1.2 nm width.
The band structure calculations work just as before.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Zigzag graphene nanoribbon band structure
from math import pi, sqrt
solver = pb.solver.lapack(model)
a = graphene.a_cc * sqrt(3) # ribbon unit cell length
bands = solver.calc_bands(-pi/a, pi/a)
bands.plot()
This is the characteristic band structure for zigzag nanoribbons with zero-energy edge states.
If we change the direction of the translational symmetry to :math:`a_2`, the orientation will
change, but we will still have a zigzag nanoribbon.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Zigzag graphene nanoribbon along different lattice vector direction
model = pb.Model(
graphene.monolayer(),
pb.rectangle(1.2), # nm
pb.translational_symmetry(a1=False, a2=True)
)
model.plot()
model.lattice.plot_vectors(position=[0.6, -0.25]) # nm
Because of the nature of graphene's 2-atom unit cell and lattice vector, only zigzag edges can
be created. In order to create armchair edges, we must introduce a different unit cell with 4
atoms.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Graphene lattice with 4-atom unit cell
model = pb.Model(graphene.monolayer_4atom())
model.plot()
model.lattice.plot_vectors(position=[-0.13, -0.13])
.. note::
To learn how to create this 4-atom unit cell, see :ref:`construct_a_supercell`.
Notice that the lattice vectors :math:`a_1` and :math:`a_2` are at a right angle, unlike the sharp
angle of the base 2-atom cell. The lattice properties are identical for the 2 and 4 atom cells,
but the new geometry helps to create armchair edges.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Armchair graphene nanoribbon
model = pb.Model | [
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] | 1,024 | Github | 0.588997 | 1.57875 | 0.684232 | 1.594757 |
(
graphene.monolayer_4atom(),
pb.primitive(a1=5),
pb.translational_symmetry(a1=False, a2=True)
)
model.plot()
model.lattice.plot_vectors(position=[-0.59, -0.6])
To calculate the band structure we must enter at least two points in k-space between which the
energy will be calculated. Note that because the periodicity is in the direction of the second
lattice vector :math:`a_2`, the points in k-space are given as `[0, pi/d]` instead of just
`pi/d` (which would be equivalent to `[pi/d, 0]`).
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Armchair graphene nanoribbon band structure
solver = pb.solver.lapack(model)
d = 3 * graphene.a_cc # ribbon unit cell length
bands = solver.calc_bands([0, -pi/d], [0, pi/d])
bands.plot(point_labels=['$-\pi / 3 a_{cc}$', '$\pi / 3 a_{cc}$'])
Complex structures
------------------
Up to now, we used :func:`.translational_symmetry` with `True` or `False` parameters to enable
or disable periodicity in certain directions. We can also pass a number to indicate the desired
period length.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Zigzag graphene nanoribbon supercell
model = pb.Model(
graphene.monolayer_4atom(),
pb.rectangle(x=2, y=2),
pb.translational_symmetry(a1=1.2, a2=False)
)
model.plot()
The period length is given in nanometers. Note that our base shape is a square with 2 nm sides.
The base shape forms the supercell of the periodic structure, but because the period length
(1.2 nm) is smaller than the shape (2 nm), the extra length is cut off by the periodic boundary.
If you specify a periodic length which is larger than the base shape, the periodic conditions
will not be applied because the periodic boundary will not have anything to bind to.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
model = pb.Model(
graphene.monolayer_4atom(),
pb.rectangle(x=1.5, y=1.5), # don't combine a small shape
pb.translational_symmetry(a1=1.7, a2=False) # with large period length
)
model.plot()
As you can see, making the period larger than the shape (1.7 nm vs. 1.5 nm), results in just the
finite-sized part of the system. Don't do this.
The combination of shape and symmetry can be more complex as shown here with a nanoribbon ring
structure.
.. plot::
:context: close-figs
:alt: Graphene nanoribbon made up of rings
def ring(inner_radius, outer_radius):
"""Ring shape defined by an inner and outer radius"""
def contains(x, y, z):
r = np.sqrt(x**2 + y**2)
return np.logical_and(inner_radius < r, r < outer_radius)
return pb.FreeformShape(contains, width=[2*outer_radius, 2*outer_radius])
model = pb.Model(
graphene.monolayer_4atom(),
ring(inner_radius=1.4, outer_radius=2),
pb.translational_symmetry(a1=3.8, a2=False)
)
plt.figure(figsize=[8, 3])
model.plot()
The period length of the translation in the :math:`a_1` direction is set to 3.8 nm. This ensures
that the inner ring shape is preserved and the periodic boundaries are placed on the | [
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] | 1,024 | Github | 0.067322 | 1.485309 | 0.261928 | 0.977497 |
It is important to experiment with different types of papers and see how your child can transform even ordinary ones (like printer paper, craft paper, paper towels, etc.) into something original. For example, we've had wonderful results with papers bought at supermarkets in Europe and my unused USSR sketchpads from childhood. However, when introducing paper to your kids, it is better to start with ones that will help them succeed.
So, why should you care about good quality paper?
Using good quality materials is encouraging both to kids and adults. When the results are impressive, your child will want to create more. If art materials are of low quality, the effects just won't be quite the same. I recently met a child who became an internet sensation selling his abstract art, but no one knows his age and all the art collectors think he's an adult. The trick – his parents only give him the best art paper and paints and the results are quite stunning. Were he using cheap art materials, there is no way he could get those beautiful results. Of course he has talent, determination, a sense for colour and composition – but the materials really do help.
If your child is learning how to play a guitar, they would need a real one (not a toy) to actually learn how to play. Same with paper. If you want your child to learn and enjoy making art, then they need real art supplies and real art paper.
Good quality paper is more resistant, less prone to tearing and reacts to wet media better.
The more heavier weight paper you choose, the less it will buckle when your child uses a lot of water.
If your child creates something that you want to frame and keep for a long time, then paper longevity is important. Also, good quality papers will not discolour with age.
What to look for when buying art paper?
Heavy weight (300gr or more) for wet medial like acrylics and watercolours so that it can resist scratching, scrubbing or anything else your child does with paint.
Hardcover sketchbooks for easy portability (makes it easy to draw on one's knees and papers inside get less damaged).
Size – most of the work on paper in our household is on letter size/A4 or A3. Larger works are more rare as it takes longer and more time/focus/concentration. These sizes, however, are versatile for all ages.
Most paper marketed as "children's paper" is usually very thin and of low quality.
Children's easel paper and children's sketch pads are inciting because they offer more pieces of paper, but they are light weight and mostly suitable for dry media.
Kraft paper is for crafts and while artists have made amazing works with it (Egon Schiele, for example), I would not suggest it for beginners. Also, it is not acid-free, so is not archival.
Often companies advertise the number of pages instead of sheets to make you look at the larger number. Be aware of this so that you don't get tricked.
Here is a list of sketchbooks and pads for artists of all ages. I researched the current lowest prices for you as well as the number of sheets. They all range in sizes up to A3. For larger ones Fabriano watercolour pads usually offer a good value for the price.
Giant Sketchbook – Great value for price, good for dry media, 12.5″ x 10.75″, 300 sheets! This is one of the largest sketchbook you can find and is ideal for little ones who tend to use more paper.
Moleskine Art Plus Sketchbook – The most widely used sketchbooks in the world, used by professional artists, hardcover with an accordion pocket inside, acid free, not great for watercolors but can be used with acrylics, 16.5″ x 12″, 48 sheets. For watercolors, you can use Moleskine Art Plus Watercolor Album instead. It has 30 sheets and can be used with any media. I have been using Moleskine sketchbooks and journals for over a decade now and they never disappoint in quality. They are not cheap, but you can always find them on sale.
Worried about "wasting" expensive art paper?
Have a dedicated sketchbook for practice work. This way your child can track progress. It's easy to store away and you won't have loose pages lying around. Try the Giant Sketchbook mentioned above.
Teach your | [
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] | 1,024 | C4 | 1.10388 | -0.302389 | 0.535395 | 1.726304 |
import os
COLOURNAMES = set([
'bg', 'fg', 'sel', 'current', 'error', 'keyword', 'number', 'literal',
'symboloperator', 'wordoperator', 'comment', 'comment', 'exception',
'other', 'plain', 'name', 'function', 'class', 'tag', 'attribute',
'punctuation', 'generic', 'builtin', 'pseudo', 'self', 'guide', 'gutter_bg',
'gutter_line', 'gutter_current', 'gutter_fifth', 'gutter_plain'
])
DEFAULT_FG = '#222222'
DEFAULT_BG = '#ffffff'
def load_colourscheme(filepath):
"""
Load a colourscheme from a file.
"""
name = os.path.basename(filepath)[:-13]
fle = open(filepath)
try:
colourscheme = load_colourscheme_from_lines(name, fle)
finally:
fle.close()
return colourscheme
def load_colourscheme_from_lines(name, lines):
"""
Setup a Colourscheme object based on a sequence of lines.
* The default mode is 'default'.
* '[[mode]]' type lines switches the current mode.
* 'colourname: #000000 bold italic' lines specify a colour.
(bold and italic is optional)
"""
colourscheme = Colourscheme(name)
mode = 'default'
for line in lines:
line = line.strip()
if not line or line[0] == '#':
# skip empty lines and comments
continue
if line[:2] == '[[' and line[-2:] == ']]':
# change mode
mode = line[2:-2].strip()
if not colourscheme.modes.has_key(mode):
colourscheme.modes[mode] = {}
else:
bits = line.split(':', 1)
if len(bits) == 2:
# this is a colour definition
# (the actual colour spec and aliases only gets
# parsed later in get_colour_for_mode().)
k = bits[0].strip()
v = bits[1].strip()
colourscheme.modes[mode][k] = v
return colourscheme
def load_colourschemes_from_dir(dirpath):
"""
Load all files in dirpath with .colourscheme extension as colourschemes.
Will return a list of Colourscheme objects.
"""
colourschemes = {}
filenames = os.listdir(dirpath)
filenames.sort()
for filename in filenames:
if filename.endswith('.colourscheme'):
fullpath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
colourschemes[filename] = load_colourscheme(fullpath)
return colourschemes
def is_alias(value):
"""
Check that value is a known colour name.
"""
return value in COLOURNAMES
def is_hexcolour(value):
"""
Check that value is a hash followed by 6 hexadecimal digits.
"""
if value and isinstance(value, basestring):
value = value.lower()
if value[0] != '#':
return False
else:
hexpart = value[1:]
if len(hexpart) != 6:
return False
allowed = set('01234567890abcdef')
for l in hexpart:
if not l in allowed:
return False
return True
class Colourscheme(object):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.modes = {'default': {}}
self.cached_colours = {}
def get_colour_for_mode(self, mode, colourname, previous=None):
"""
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] | 1,024 | Github | -1.069769 | 0.21348 | -0.730172 | 0.006704 |
Millions of children will face worsening online abuse unless Government acts now to plug Brexit funding blackhole, experts warn
Children's charity leaders, police, and teaching unions are warning millions of children could be at even greater risk of online exploitation and abuse unless the Government steps in to replace "vital" funding after Brexit.
In an open letter published today (November 3), leaders from more than 25 organisations across the education, technology and child protection sectors, urged the Chancellor Rishi Sunak to replace £1.3 million of funding for the UK Safer Internet Centre, which is currently provided by the EU.
Among the signatories are Peter Wanless, CEO of the NSPCC, Nancy Kelly, CEO of Stonewall, and Tessy Ojo of the Diana Award.
The letter is also signed by Chief Constable Simon Bailey QPM, the National Policing Lead for Child Protection, as well as Julian David, the CEO of techUK.
There are also signatures from Kevin Courtney, Joint General Secretary of the National Education Union, and the General Secretaries of the NASUWT and the NAHT.
The UK SIC is a unique partnership of three world-leading charities (SWGfL, Childnet, and the Internet Watch Foundation) working together to deliver critical advice, resources, and interventions to help keep everyone, especially children and young people, safe online.
The funding currently provided by the EU amounts to 50 per cent of the Centre's funding. Without it, there are fears children could be left vulnerable to online abuse, sexual exploitation, and bullying - all things the UK SIC works hard to prevent and remove from the internet.
The letter says unless the funding is replaced, "efforts to innovate to remove illegal and harmful content online will be hampered, schools will be less supported to educate and protect their pupils on these crucial safety issues, and millions of children will be more vulnerable to the growing number of threats they face online each day."
This year, the coronavirus pandemic and national lockdown have seen more children and young people being exposed to online harms, including sexual exploitation.
The IWF has reported a shocking increase in self-generated child sexual abuse images of children. In 2019, a third of all the content the IWF acted upon was generated by children themselves who had been groomed or coerced into making it. That rose to 44% in the first half of 2020.
Reports to the IWF's hotline have also spiked, with analysts processing 15,258 reports from the public in September 2020, a record for the charity and up from 10,514 in September 2019.
The UK's revenge porn helpline (run by SWGfL) is also having a record year, with calls remaining high since the coronavirus lockdown.
Sangeet Bhullar, CEO of digital education institution WiseKids, said the UK SIC, and events it puts on like Safer Internet Day, are "vital" in keeping children safe online.
She said: "The work of the UK Safer Internet Centre is vital – from all their annual Safer Internet Day campaigns, to their helplines, guides and trusted resources for families and educators.
"Most importantly, they have a UK wide overview, and are aware and respond quickly to the needs of professionals and families across the country.
"The impact of their work in supporting children and young people's online safety cannot be underestimated."
Anne Longfield, Children's Commissioner for England, praised the "valuable" work of the UK SIC.
She said: "The Children's Commissioner's Office recognises the valuable work of the UK Safer Internet Centre in empowering children to educate their peers about how to stay safe online, providing quality resources for children and professionals and removing large volumes of child sexual abuse images from the web."
The letter says committing to replacing the funding currently provided by the EU would cost just 10 pence per year for every child under the age of 15.
David Austin, CEO of the BBFC, said: "It's vital to help children develop online resilience and give them the tools they need to choose content well.
"We know from talking to parents how tough it is to navigate the online world safely and we're here to help | [
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Dominick Rojelio Cruz, mais conhecido apenas Dominick Cruz (Tucson, 9 de Março de 1985), é um lutador de MMA e ex-campeão peso-galo do UFC. Cruz possui vitórias notáveis em sua carreira, como a vitória que lhe rendeu o cinturão do WEC e posteriormente do UFC, sobre o até então invicto Brian Bowles. Ele possui duas vitórias sobre o principal desafiante do cinturão dos Pesos Galos Joseph Benavidez, além de vencer o recordista de defesas de cinturão do UFC, e um dos melhores lutadores peso-por-peso de todos os tempos, o ex-campeão peso-mosca Demetrious Johnson e o atual campeão dos pesos galos T.J. Dillashaw. Cruz possui um estilo de luta próprio, misturando um Boxe clássico de esquivas, com chutes e joelhadas do Muay Thai.Cruz é considerado o melhor peso galo da história.
Carreira no MMA
Cruz começou a sua carreira profissional de MMA lutando no Rage in a Cage e na organização Total Combat. Cruz acumulou uma sequência invicta de nove vitórias.
World Extreme Cagefighting
Sua primeira luta no WEC foi no peso pena em uma luta pelo cinturão, contra o Urijah Faber no qual ele perdeu por finalização através de uma guilhotina no primeiro round. Só então, Cruz decidiu descer de categoria e lutar na divisão dos pesos galos, estréia nessa divisão foi no WEC 34 derrotando Charlie Valencia por decisão unânime e continuaria a mostrar a domínio nessa divisão ao derrotar Ian McCall e Ivan Lopez. Após demonstrar três incríveis desempenhos, Cruz encarou o principal de desafiante ao cinturão dos Pesos Galos, o até então invicto Joseph Benavidez, em um combate duro a precisão dos golpes de Cruz fizeram a diferença e ele conseguiu impor a primeira derrota da carreira de Benavidez, por decisão unânime (30-27, 29-28, 29-28). Pelo grande desempenho, Cruz recebeu o prêmio de "Luta da Noite", e a chance de disputar o cinturão dos Pesos Galos do WEC.
Cruz derrotou o Campeão Brian Bowles em 6 de março de 2010 no WEC 47. Bowles foi incapaz de continuar após o segundo round depois de quebrar a mão. Cruz se tornou o novo Campeão dos Pesos Galos do WEC. A primeira defesa de cinturão de Cruz foi uma revanche contra Joseph Benavidez em 18 de agosto de 2010 no WEC 50. E novamente, sendo muito mais preciso nos seus golpes Cruz conseguiu derrotar Benavidez de novo, dessa vez por decisão dividida (47-48, 48-47, 49-46). Foi anunciado na mesma noite que Scott Jorgensen seria o próximo na fila para disputar o cinturão de Cruz.
Cruz enfrentou Jorgensen em 16 de dezembro de 2010 no WEC 53. A luta marcou a transição do cinturão dos Pesos Galos do WEC para UFC, após a fusão das duas organizações. No combate, Cruz usou todo o talento do seu estilo de luta para comandar o combate e se aproveitando dos erros de seu adversário, conseguiu várias quedas durante a luta e um knockdown no terceiro round. Cruz venceu por decisão unânime (triplo 50-45), e além de realizar a ultima defesa de cinturão no WEC, se tornou o Primeiro Campeão dos Pesos Galos do UFC.
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Em 2 | [
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] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | -0.56032 | -0.483998 | -0.190692 | -1.481423 |
8 de outubro de 2010, World Extreme Cagefighting se fundiu com o Ultimate Fighting Championship. Como parte da fusão, todos os lutadores do WEC foram transferidos para o UFC. A revanche com o Urijah Faber ocorreu em 2 de julho, 2011, UFC 132 sendo a primeira defesa do novo título dos Pesos Galos do UFC. Em uma luta muito disputada, Cruz derrotou Faber decisão unânime via para manter seu título e vingar a única perda em seu registro. Após o combate, Cruz foi premiado com sua faixa azul sob Lloyd Irvin, Jr.
Cruz derrotou o futuro Campeão Peso Mosca do UFC, Demetrious Johnson. Por decisão unânime em 01 de outubro de 2011 em UFC on Versus 6, em sua segunda defesa título do UFC.
Três anos sem lutar e Perda de cinturão
Cruz foi agendado para treinar o The Ultimate Fighter: Live, para pesos leves contra o treinador adversário Urijah Faber. A terceira luta entre Cruz e Faber aconteceria no dia 7 de julho de 2012 no UFC 148, porém uma lesão no ligamento cruzado anterior o impossibilitou de lutar.
Cruz enfrentaria o Campeão Interino Renan Barão em 1 de fevereiro de 2014, no UFC 169, pela Unificação do Cinturão Peso Galo do UFC, porém, no dia 6 de janeiro de 2014, menos de um mês para a luta, foi anunciado por Dana White que uma lesão tirou o lutador norte-americano do evento, como resultado disso, seu título foi retirado e ele substituído por Urijah Faber para lutar na luta principal do evento.
Depois de três anos afastado do MMA, Cruz enfrentou o japonês Takeya Mizugaki em seu retorno no dia 27 de setembro de 2014 no UFC 178. Dominick atropelou o japonês com um nocaute técnico avassalador logo no primeiro minuto de combate.
Nova lesão e a reconquista do cinturão
Após o retorno triunfante contra Takeya Mizugaki, Cruz sofreu novo rompimento da ligação do joelho.
Logo após ser liberado para voltar a treinar, Cruz foi colocado para enfrentar o campeão T.J. Dillashaw em 17 de Janeiro de 2016 no UFC Fight Night: Dillashaw vs. Cruz, voltando a se tornar campeão dos galos, depois de 2 anos sem o cinturão devido a constantes lesões. Cruz venceu TJ por decisão dividida, assim conquistando pela segunda vez o Cinturão dos Pesos Galos do UFC.
Fim da trilogia com Uriah Faber
Com uma vitória para cada lado, os arquirrivais Urijah Faber e Dominick Cruz se enfrentaram no UFC 199 no dia 4 de junho em Los Angeles, disputando o título dos pesos-galos do UFC. E, mais uma vez, quem saiu vencedor foi Dominick Cruz, mantendo o cinturão por decisão unânime dos juízes (50-45, 50-45 e 49-46).
Perda do cinturão
Dominick foi escalado para fazer parte do card do UFC 207, realizado no dia 30 de dezembro de 2016 contra o jovem prodígio Cody Garbrandt. Apesar de ser uma grande zebra nas casas de apostas Cody, acabou surpreendendo não só o campeão, mas a todos, vencendo por decisão unânime (48-46, 48-47, 48-46).
Vida pessoal
Cruz morava com a mãe e irmão em Tucson | [
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] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | -0.811648 | -0.643707 | -0.489432 | -1.595262 |
, Arizona, até que foi expulso de casa por dar uma festa. Ele trabalhou como representante comercial. Antes de se tornar lutador, estava estudando para ser um bombeiro em um colégio da comunidade.
Campeonatos e realizações
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Campeão Peso Galo do UFC (Duas vezes)
Luta da Noite (Três vezes)
Performance da Noite (Uma vez)
World Extreme Cagefighting
Campeão Peso Galo do WEC (Uma vez; último)
Luta da Noite (Uma vez)
Total Combat
Campeão Pena Total Combat (Uma vez)
Campeão Leve Total Combat (Uma vez)
ESPN
2011 Luta do Mês vs Urijah Faber em 2 de julho
'''USA Today
Lutador do Ano de 2010
Cartel do MMA
|Derrota
|align=center|24-4
| Marlon Vera
|Nocaute (chute na cabeça)
|UFC on ESPN: Vera vs. Cruz
|13/08/2022
|align=center|4
|align=center|2:17
| San Diego, California
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|24-3
| Pedro Munhoz
|Decisão (unânime)
|UFC 269: Oliveira vs. Poirier
|11/12/2021
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|23-3
| Casey Kenney
|Decisão (dividida)
|UFC 259: Blachowicz vs. Adesanya
|06/03/2021
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada
|
|-
|Derrota
|align=center|22-3
| Henry Cejudo
|Nocaute Técnico (joelhada e socos)
|UFC 249: Ferguson vs. Gaethje
|09/05/2020
|align=center|2
|align=center|4:58
| Jacksonville, Florida
|
|-
|Derrota
|align=center|22-2
| Cody Garbrandt
|Decisão (unânime)
|UFC 207: Nunes vs. Rousey
|30/12/2016
|align=center|5
|align=center|5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|22-1
| Urijah Faber
|Decisão (unânime)
|UFC 199: Rockhold vs. Bisping II
|04/06/2016
|align=center|5
|align=center|5:00
| Inglewood, Califórnia
||<small>Defendeu o Cinturão Peso Galo do UFC.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center| 21-1
| T.J. Dillashaw
| Decisão (dividida)
|UFC Fight Night: Dillashaw vs. Cruz
|17/01/2016
|align=center| 5
|align=center| 5:00
| Boston, Massachusetts
|<small>Ganhou o Cinturão Peso Galo do UFC; Luta da Noite.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center| 20-1
| Takeya Mizugaki
| Nocaute Técnico (socos)
|UFC 178: Johnson vs. Cariaso
|27/09/2014
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:01
| Las Vegas, Nevada
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center| 19-1
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] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | -1.509933 | -0.98178 | -0.335215 | -1.850767 |
| Demetrious Johnson
| Decisão (unânime)
| UFC Live: Cruz vs. Johnson
|01/10/2011
|align=center| 5
|align=center| 5:00
| Washington, D.C.
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|18-1
| Urijah Faber
|Decisão (unânime)
|UFC 132: Cruz vs. Faber II
|02/07/2011
|align=center|5
|align=center|5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|17-1
| Scott Jorgensen
|Decisão (unânime)
|WEC 53: Henderson vs. Pettis
|16/12/2010
|align=center|5
|align=center|5:00
| Glendale, Arizona
|<small>Defendeu o Cinturão Peso Galo do WEC e Ganhou o Cinturão Peso Galo do UFC.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|16-1
| Joseph Benavidez
|Decisão (dividida)
|WEC 50: Cruz vs. Benavidez II
|18/08/2010
|align=center|5
|align=center|5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada
| Defendeu o Cinturão Peso Galo do WEC.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|15-1
| Brian Bowles
|Nocaute Técnico (interrupção médica)
|WEC 47:Bowles vs. Cruz
|06/03/2010
|align=center|2
|align=center|5:00
| Columbus, Ohio
| Ganhou o Cinturão Peso Galo do WEC.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|14-1
| Joseph Benavidez
|Decisão (unânime)
|WEC 42: Torres vs. Bowles
|09/08/2009
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada
|Luta da Noite.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|13-1
| Iván López
|Decisão Técnica (unânime)
|WEC 40: Torres vs. Mizugaki
|05/04/2009
|align=center|3
|align=center|3:24
| Chicago, Illinois
|<small>Lopez recebeu um golpe ilegal e foi incapaz de continuar.A luta foi encerrada e foi para decisão.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|12-1
| Ian McCall
|Decisão (unânime)
|WEC 38: Varner vs. Cerrone
|25/01/2009
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
| San Diego, Califórnia
|
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|11-1
| Charlie Valencia
|Decisão (unânime)
|WEC 34: Faber vs. Pulver
|01/06/2008
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
| Sacramento, Califórnia
| Estreia no Peso Galo.
|-
|Vitória
|align=center|10-1
| Kenneth Aimes
|Nocaute (socos)
|TC 27 - Total Combat 27
|22/03/2008
|align=center|1
|align=center|N/A
| Yuma, Arizona
|
|-
|Derrota
|align=center|9-1
| Urijah Faber
|Finalização (guilhotina)
|WEC 26: Cruz vs. Faber
|2 | [
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The story below deplicts the true reality of the consequence of how a kid can be spoilt when he/she is stuck in between the parents' divorce or constant arguement. Sometimes, couples don't think twice about using their kids as messengers- to pass message to oneto the another. And in order to win favors from the kid (as there seemed to be a hidden contest called 'Who is the best parent'), the kid is given what he/she wants. And eventually, the kid sometimes grows up to be manupulative adults or being too used to get what he/she wants that he/she does not know how to deal with failure and heartbreak.
The Red Kid is the son of the Bull Demon and the Princess Iron Fan- he was a total spoilt brat, thanks to both his parents. Both the Bull Demon and Princess Iron Fan were good pals with WuKong as the three of them had learned supernormal powers from the same teacher when they were kids.
The Dream Demon wanted to eat Tang Sanzzang- as all the evil spirits know that whoever who can eat the meat of Tang Sanzang would attained high powers and immortality because Tang Sanzang had practiced and cultivated earnestly for 10 lifetimes. In the real life, the Dream Demon had not much power and could be easily defeated. But in dream, he was powerful- no one, including Wu Kong could defeat him.
Knowing his limitations, the Dream Demon instigated the Red Kid, who was very powerful with spitting fire to defeat WuKong. The Dream Demon and the Red Kid managed to lure WuKong into a battle and seriously injured WuKong. The reason why WuKong was lured into a trap was because he had disobeyed his teacher.
Earlier, he was abusing his powers to grant wishes to the villagers- the villagers were praising him and so happy- so he felt he was so powerful and his ego was so flattered. So when his teacher openly reprimanded him that he cannot use psychic power to undo fate, his heart was angry with his teacher.
So when he was lured by the Red Kid- who angered him by peeing on his head, and his teacher told him not to go, he disobeyed and went ahead. It was something that almost caused his life (the ego is a very powerful deceiver- it makes us feel great but it can also be our destroyer if we are not careful).
The Dream Demon also instigated the Red Kid to spit out fire that burned and killed the entire village- the villagers had actually protected Tang Shazang and his disciples with courage- but perished as the result.
And yet, in his parents eyes, the Bull Demon and Princess Iron Fan both loved their son and could see no fault. All they could see is that their son was still young and innocent and would not have injured anyone on purpose. Guan Yin came to heal WuKong and told Wu Kong to ask the Red Kid to see her as the Red Kid had the teacher-disciple link.
Bull Demon had womanized after the Red Kid was born. And Princess Iron Fan was equally quick tempered and angry. Both wanted the Red Kid to love them- and how they do it was to give him 'toys'- like the shoes that can make him fly or the pills that cause one to spit powerful fire, etc. Initially, the Red Kid was an obedient, hardworking and intelligent child- but because his parents made him took sides and tried to bribe him since he was young, he grew up to be a total spoilt brat.
WuKong said he had to fulfilled Guan Yin's instructions- but when he went take him- he found Red Kid was asleep. Red Kid went into the dream and the Dream Demon was taking revenge (as he himself was also bullied by the Red Kid). The parents, being very concerned, went into the dream world- but all their powers were ineffective in the dream world. The Dream Demon said he would release their kid if both parents were to hit and injure themselves- in which they obliged. The Red Kid, seeing how his parents loved him unconditionally, truly repented and begged the Dream Demon to release the parents.
Anyway, to cut the long story short, eventually the Dream Demon was defeated when Tang Sanzang and all his disciples, in the dream was united in heart and chanted the Heart Sutra with faith. (Even at a seemingly impossible situation, we can overcome obstacles and | [
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From Linkinpedia
(Redirected from Primo)
"I'll Be Gone"
Song by Linkin Park from the album Living Things
Working title
Stagelight: Linkin Park Edition[1] (Primo)
Mike Shinoda, Rick Rubin
Living Things track listing
Lost In The Echo
In My Remains
Burn It Down
Lies Greed Misery
Castle Of Glass
Victimized
Roads Untraveled
Skin To Bone
Until It Breaks
Tinfoil
"I'll Be Gone" is the fifth track off of Linkin Park's fifth studio album, Living Things, and the third promotional single from the album to be released. The track was added to KROQ's playlists on December 5, 2012, and peaked at number 26 on the UK Rock charts.[2][3] The song features string work done by Owen Pallett, who is well known for working with Arcade Fire.[4]
2 Demo ("Primo")
4.1 Studio
4.2 Remix
6 Personnel
7 Lyrics
Mike Shinoda has mentioned how the imagery of "I'll Be Gone", a relationship-based track, has metaphors of space and intergalactic travel, which made the track stick out to him more.[5]
Brad said about "I'll Be Gone" (translated from English to another language and back to English) - "A long time ago, we wanted to work with some young artists who have a similar style with electronics and with rock bands. Then Rick Rubin came to the studio and said to us, "Guys, listen to this guy named Owen, I work with Arcade Fire." We called Owen, he came to the studio, and the result was "I'll Be Gone", maybe one of the best songs on the album."
Shinoda also talked about how hard of a song "I'll Be Gone" was to write, stating that there were lots of revisions of the track over the course of a year.[6] This is likely due to the song starting during the A Thousand Suns sessions, under the name "Primo". This version of the song was released on LP Underground XIII, which contained track-by-track commentary done by Shinoda. In this commentary, he said "Although we opted for a different final direction for "I'LL BE GONE", I always loved this longer version of the song. I think this is a good example of how a different structure and arrangement can totally change the vibe of the song. Plus, this has a different chorus."
Demo ("Primo")
The demo for "I'll Be Gone", titled, "Primo" was released on the LP Underground XIII CD in November 2013. Over the years, the song has gone on to become one of, if not the most popular, demos of a released song by Linkin Park.
On November 14, 2013, Linkin Park announced LP Underground XIII, saying, "The most intimate content that LPU members have access to is the music. LINKIN PARK has been releasing EPs of unfinished songs, demos, and unreleased material since 2001 via the LPU. For the 13th year of the LPU, LINKIN PARK presents the LPU XIII CD, a collection of demos, unfinished songs and 2 additional tracks created by LPU members and produced by the band." They included "Primo" immediately for all fans, before the November 18th launch date. The band uploaded the track to Soundcloud for its debut.[7]
The announcement read, "We wanted to give everyone a sneak peak of the LPU XIII CD. Premiering "Primo [I'LL BE GONE - LONGFORM 2010 DEMO]", an early demo of LINKIN PARK's "I'LL BE GONE" off the studio album LIVING THINGS."
A note from Mike Shinoda on the track: Although we opted for a different final direction for "I'LL BE GONE," I always loved this longer version of the song. I think this is a good example of how a different structure and arrangement can totally change the vibe of a song. Plus, this has a different chorus... - Mike Shinoda / LINKIN PARK
In June 2020 when asked why the band released "I'll Be Gone" instead | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.22748 | -0.701458 | 0.175181 | -0.875943 |
of "Primo", Mike said, "Primo was a version. So every song, just like these, has like a working title, like a rough title, a demo title. And Primo was the working title/demo title of what became I'll Be Gone. That long version of Primo was basically, that was a long epic version of what that song could sound like. As I recall, we went down this path and then the guys kind of didn't want to do that with the song, and then we went over here. What would always happen is I would bring in a demo... generally, there are tons of exceptions to this rule, but, the general process in very loose terms would be the following, especially in later years - generally I would bring in a demo of a song and play it for the guys and a lot of times I would sing the parts that would be Chester's parts and they weren't finished or or whatever. Sometimes they'd be completely changed, other times it was like almost exactly the thing, he would just sing it. Other times I left blank spots where I would want him to write something, or I would want us to write something together. So I'd bring in the track as complete as I could at that point, and then the band would listen to my most recent demos. Sometimes, in the beginning of an album process, I'd have a lot of them. I might have 25 things and I'd be like, "Ok here's what I'm starting with. What do you like or what do you not like?" And they would give... on some albums, they would rate them from one to five or A through F or whatever, they'd give it some kind of rating. Other ones it was, "I like this" or "I don't like this - here's some loose criticisms and things I like and don't like." And then I'd go back on the ones that everyone agreed had the most promise. We'd do that on a Monday, I'd spend that day and the rest of the week improving those songs. Brad would be in there some of that time. And the other guys would show up if they felt like they had something to contribute, or they were curious about how things were going, or if I called them in, like if I said, "Rob I need you to come in and play drums on this thing" or whatever. We'd do that every week or two. So we'd vote on them again and we'd repeat that process until the record was done. So that's basically the format. It gives you a sense of how demos like Primo existed. And they changed over time, because the guys were like, "I like this" or "I don't like this.""[8]
Mike again talked about "Primo" in February 2021 on Twitch, saying, "Favorite demo that turned into a song... I mean dude there were some demos that there was real merit in the actual demo that we ended up going in a different direction with the final. You guys remember 'Primo', that whole situation with 'I'll Be Gone'? 'Primo' was a GOOD demo. And we ended up doing the song called 'I'll Be Gone' out of it, but the demo version of 'Primo' is pretty great. Part of me thinks that maybe we should have gone that direction. But it was a vote, six guys vote and that's what you do with it. And I'll tell you... typical band dynamic: if Joe were to watch this, then he would be like, "The demo was better, I told you so." That's a typical Joe response to that. He wouldn't say it in those words, he'd say it in much more snarky words. But I would agree with that. I think the demo of 'Primo' had better bones than the thing we released, in my opinion. At the time, I would have voted for the 'I'll Be Gone' version, but now I think that was... I think the other version might have been better. But I don't know, we'll never know."[9]
"I'll Be Gone" got two official remixes, both of which were released on the band's second remix album, Recharged, one done by Vice and the other done by Schoolboy. Vice's remix of the song features new verses by Mike Shinoda and Pusha T.
Note: Only the date of the very first release of each version is listed.
I'll Be Gone Living Things 3:31 2012 June 20, | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.608548 | -0.907076 | -0.670548 | -1.21074 |
2012
Features string arrangements by Owen Pallett.
Primo (I'll Be Gone - Longform 2010 Demo) LP Underground XIII 5:57 2010 November 12, 2013
Released through LP Underground's official SoundCloud account before the LPU CD came out.
The LP Underground XIII CD was released on November 18, 2013.
I'll Be Gone (Instrumental) Living Things (Acapellas and Instrumentals) 3:32 2012 September 11, 2012
Official instrumental version.
I'll Be Gone (Acapella) Living Things (Acapellas and Instrumentals) 2:59 2012 September 11, 2012
Official acapella version.
There's a glitch at 2:18.
I'll Be Gone (Vice Remix feat. Pusha T) Recharged 4:00 2013 October 24, 2013
Remix by DJ Vice.
Features vocals by Pusha T.
I'll Be Gone - DJ Vice Remix feat. Pusha T Living Things Remixes 4:12 2013
"I'll be gone" from Chester at 03:12 (Recharged time) is longer.
Cut ending.
I'll Be Gone (Schoolboy Remix) Recharged 6:11 2013 October 24, 2013
Remix by Schoolboy.
I'll Be Gone - Schoolboy Remix Living Things Remixes 6:16 2013
More audible effects.
5 secs of silence at the end.
During an LPU chat in December 2012, Chester said the band had rehearsed "I'll Be Gone" for the upcoming tour, but they ultimately ended up never playing it.[10] This makes "I'll Be Gone" one of the few songs that was rehearsed but not played.
While not a traditional live performance, Mike performed the first few lines of his verse from the Vice remix on a livestream over a beat he made. After the first few lines, he forgot how the verse went and stopped.[11]
Album Version
Like shining oil this night is dripping down
Stars are slipping down
And I'm trying not to think what I'm leaving now
No deceiving now
It's time you let me know
When the lights go out and we open our eyes
Out there in the silence I'll be gone
Let the sun fade out and another one rise
Climbing through tomorrow I'll be gone
This air between us is getting thinner now
Into winter now
And 'cross that horizon this sun is setting down
You're forgetting now
It's time you let me go
And tell them I couldn't help myself
And tell them I was alone
Oh / tell me I am the only one
And there's nothing that can stop me
Night is dripping down
And I'm trying not to think of what I'm leaving now
'Cause I'm leaving now
'Till then carry on and miss me when I'm gone
Oh, don't let anyone give you away
Just carry on and miss me when I'm gone
Oh, don't let anyone take my place
Take my place
Getting thinner now
'cross that horizon this sun is setting now
Slowly setting now
'Till then carry on and miss me when I'm gone (Oh)
Oh, don't let anyone give you away (Oh)
Just carry on and miss me when I'm gone (Oh, oh)
Oh, don't let anyone take my place (Oh, oh)
Oh don't let anyone take my place (Oh, oh)
Tell them I couldn't help myself
Tell them I was the only one
From going home
Oh, tell them I was the only one
I'm coming home
I'm going home
Vice Remix
Like shining oil, this night is dripping down
Stars are slipping down, glistening
And I'm trying not to think what I'm leaving now
No deceiving now, it's time you let me | [
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The Haymaker – UFC Fight Night 141
Homercles
The UFC is in Beijing, China this weekend with a rare Saturday morning (3:15am EST lock) event. The card is headlined by the rematch between Heavyweight contenders Curtis Blaydes and Francis Ngannou and features several of the best local prospects. There are only 12 fights on the card, but it remains a strong target for both cash games and tournaments. As usual, I will highlight my favorite plays in each format to help narrow down your decisions.
* Current betting odds and finish props can be found at BestFightOdds.com
Curtis Blaydes ($8700)(-230) vs Francis Ngannou ($7500)(+210) – The main event is a rematch from a few years ago that Ngannou won via doctor's stoppage at the end of the 2nd round. It was a close matchup with Ngannou getting the better of the exchanges on the feet and Blaydes holding up to the damage while struggling to control Ngannou on the ground. The big story in the rematch is that Ngannou's stock has really fallen from title contender status after back-to-back disappointing losses, while Blaydes has been surging into title contention with his dominant wrestling game and powerful ground-and-pound.
Ngannou is an athletic freak with incredible one-punch KO power but the last two losses have exposed his flaws which are poor cardio and a low-output fighting style that makes it difficult for him to win rounds. Most people are down on him since his confidence seems to be shot but it's hard to know where he's at mentally so I'm not going to factor that into my breakdown of this fight. The matchup seems easy to dissect based on the style of each fighter; either Ngannou is going to be able to stop Blaydes in the first couple rounds or Blaydes will be able to wear on Ngannou with his wrestling and potentially earn a late stoppage. In either outcome, the winner of the fight should score well on DK and easily pay off their salary which makes it a very strong target for tournaments.
Blaydes will be the higher-owned fighter but he is my preferred play because of his path to victory. He has a ton of upside with a -130 finish prop and an excellent floor if it goes the full 5 rounds because of his wrestling-heavy style and high output. Blaydes would be my preferred play in cash games as well, but if you're worried about the early KO, I don't hate stacking him with Ngannou for safety.
Cash Game Plays
Song Yadong ($9100)(-500) – Yadong is one of the top young Chinese prospects in the UFC and he gets a favorable matchup at home against Vince Morales. He's one of the largest favorites on the card and has the second-best finish prop at -167, making him one of the best point-per-dollar plays on the card. Morales is a one-dimensional boxer, while Yadong has a well-rounded game and is very athletic. Yadong throws the harder shots on the feet and has the better ground game so he can win the fight wherever it goes. I plan to play Yadong in cash games and smaller-field GPPs, but I expect Yadong to be one of the highest-owned fighters on the card at his price tag, so you should consider differentiating elsewhere if you plan to use him in large-field GPPs.
Syuri Kondo ($6800)(+350) and Jessica Aguilar ($6900)(+450) – Without being confident on any of the underdogs on this card, I think it makes sense to punt in cash games and pay up for the safer options at the top. I don't expect either Kondo or Aguilar to have much chance of winning their matchups, but the fights are expected to take place on the feet and both are expected to go to decision, so they make for the best candidates in this role. Kondo would be my preferred option of the two given her matchup with Yan Xiaonan. The fight has the worst finish prop on the card at +250 and each fighter strikes at a very high rate (Xiaonan – 5.57 | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.253462 | -0.464612 | -0.294195 | -0.984327 |
SLpM, Kondo – 8.81 SLpM) so I like Kondo's floor the best in a loss.
Other Cash Options: Yan Xiaonan ($9400), Weili Zhang ($9300), Li Jingliang ($8500)
GPP Plays
Rashad Coulter ($8400)(-110) vs Hu Yaozang ($7800)(+100) – This fight is tough to call because both fighters are so incredibly terrible, but that's what makes it appealing for GPPs. Low-level fights often present the best chances for an early finish because the fighters often have massive holes defensively. Coulter throws heavy punches early in fights, but he's very one-dimensional and has terrible cardio. In his last fight against Chris De La Rocha, the two had an intense back-and-forth slugfest in the first round, but both fighters gassed incredibly hard in hilarious fashion and Coulter pretty much fell over and let De La Rocha win. Yaozang also had an awful performance in his UFC debut, as he was taken down multiple times by Cyril Asker (one of the worst Heavyweights in the UFC) and eventually finished. Both fighters are moving down to 205 for this matchup and I'm not sure how it will impact their cardio, but I would likely give the edge in that department to the younger fighter, Yaozang.
With this fight being such a toss up, I recommend getting some exposure to both sides in tournaments. Coulter is the best bet to get the early KO, but if Yaozang can survive I can see him taking over and getting the finish when Coulter gasses. Of course, there is also a chance that both fighters gas and this ends up being a dud, so I wouldn't recommend going all-in here.
Kevin Holland ($9500)(-560) – Holland is the most expensive fighter on the card, but he also has the most upside of anyone in the 9k+ range if you decide to pay up. He's taking on a very one-dimensional fighter in John Phillips who likes to rush at his opponents early and try to get the KO. Phillips is a terrible defensive grappler and was submitted easily by Charles Byrd in his UFC debut. Holland is talented range striker who fights well at distance and will have a 6" reach advantage in this matchup. But his submission grappling skills are why we want to target him at this price tag. Holland is a brown belt in BJJ and has several submission wins on his resume. He can make quick work of Phillips if he decides to take this fight to the ground. The downside to Holland (and why I prefer him as a GPP play) is that he has the tendency to play with his food and try to put on a show in front of the crowd. If he does that in this spot, he will have a tough time reaching his scoring ceiling and it will put him at risk of getting KO'd.
Louis Smolka ($8800)(-175) vs Sumudaerji Sumudaerji ($7400)(+165) – Smolka's fights are always strong targets in GPPs because of his grappling-heavy style and poor defensive game. Smolka is an excellent scrambler and submission grappler, but he has poor takedown defense and is very hittable. Sumudaerji is the younger and faster fighter, and while there's not a lot of tape on him, he does appear to be the more dynamic striker as he throws a lot of spinning kicks and flying knees. The most glaring hole in Sumudaerji's game is his submission defense which is why Smolka has such a strong finish prop at -130. Smolka makes for a very strong GPP target because his path to victory is through the grappling game. The only issue with that is that Smolka is not a great wrestler, so he will have a hard time getting the fight to the ground unless Sumudaerji makes a mistake. If Sumudaerji plays it smart and can keep the fight standing, I think he has a decent chance at pulling off the upset so he's worth a look in large-field GPPs.
Other GPP Options: Li Jingliang | [
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Bochicchio, Sabrina; Dalmoro, Annalisa; Lamberti, Gaetano; Barba, Anna Angela
Advances in Nanoliposomes Production for Ferrous Sulfate Delivery Journal Article
Pharmaceutics, 12 (5), pp. 445, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: drug delivery, ferrous sulfate, nanoliposome, simil-microfluidic apparatus, sonication
@article{Bochicchio2020b,
title = {Advances in Nanoliposomes Production for Ferrous Sulfate Delivery},
author = {Sabrina Bochicchio and Annalisa Dalmoro and Gaetano Lamberti and Anna Angela Barba},
editor = {MDPI},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/5/445/pdf},
doi = {10.3390/pharmaceutics12050445},
journal = {Pharmaceutics},
abstract = {In this study, a continuous bench scale apparatus based on microfluidic fluid dynamic principles was used in the production of ferrous sulfate-nanoliposomes for pharmaceutical/nutraceutical applications, optimizing their formulation with respect to the products already present on the market. After an evaluation of its fluid dynamic nature, the simil-microfluidic (SMF) apparatus was first used to study the effects of the adopted process parameters on vesicles dimensional features by using ultrasonic energy to enhance liposomes homogenization. Subsequently, iron-nanoliposomes were produced at different weight ratios of ferrous sulfate to the total formulation components (0.06, 0.035, 0.02, and 0.01 w/w) achieving, by using the 0.01 w/w, vesicles of about 80 nm, with an encapsulation efficiency higher than 97%, an optimal short- and long-term stability, and an excellent bioavailability in Caco-2 cell line. Moreover, a comparison realized between the SMF method and two more conventional production techniques showed that by using the SMF setup the process time was drastically reduced, and the process yield increased, achieving a massive nanoliposomes production. Finally, duty-cycle sonication was detected to be a scalable technique for vesicles homogenization. },
keywords = {drug delivery, ferrous sulfate, nanoliposome, simil-microfluidic apparatus, sonication},
In this study, a continuous bench scale apparatus based on microfluidic fluid dynamic principles was used in the production of ferrous sulfate-nanoliposomes for pharmaceutical/nutraceutical applications, optimizing their formulation with respect to the products already present on the market. After an evaluation of its fluid dynamic nature, the simil-microfluidic (SMF) apparatus was first used to study the effects of the adopted process parameters on vesicles dimensional features by using ultrasonic energy to enhance liposomes homogenization. Subsequently, iron-nanoliposomes were produced at different weight ratios of ferrous sulfate to the total formulation components (0.06, 0.035, 0.02, and 0.01 w/w) achieving, by using the 0.01 w/w, vesicles of about 80 nm, with an encapsulation efficiency higher than 97%, an optimal short- and long-term stability, and an excellent bioavailability in Caco-2 cell line. Moreover, a comparison realized between the SMF method and two more conventional production techniques showed that by using the SMF setup the process time was drastically reduced, and the process yield increased, achieving a massive nanoliposomes production. Finally, duty-cycle sonication was detected to be a scalable technique for vesicles homogenization.
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/5/445/pdf
doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics12050445
Dalmoro, Annalisa | [
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; Barba, Anna Angela; Grassi, Gabriele; Grassi, Mario; Lamberti, Gaetano
In situ coronary stent paving by Pluronic F127–alginate gel blends: formulation and erosion tests Journal Article
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 104 (5), pp. 1013-22, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: coronary stent, drug delivery, erosion phenomena, gel erosion, pluronic/alginate blends
@article{Dalmoro2016b,
title = {In situ coronary stent paving by Pluronic F127\textendashalginate gel blends: formulation and erosion tests},
author = {Annalisa Dalmoro and Anna Angela Barba and Gabriele Grassi and Mario Grassi and Gaetano Lamberti},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbm.b.33425/abstract;jsessionid=31C6676EE270B6362CB149075EE37B5F.f01t01},
doi = {10.1002/jbm.b.33425},
journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials},
pages = {1013-22},
abstract = {In this work the development of an experimental protocol to perform the in situ gel-paving of coronary stent is presented. Biocompatible aqueous blends of Pluronic F127 and sodium alginates are used as potential drug dosage system for pharmacological in situ treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis. Pluronic F127/alginate aqueous blend has the unique characteristic to be liquid at room condition and to form gel at physiological temperature. The proposed protocol is based on the blend injection on stent wall previously implanted in a flexible silicon pipe mimicking the coronary artery. Injected blend is warmed up until human body temperature achieving a soft gel, then it is reticulated by copper bivalent ions to obtain an hard gel. To test the gel paving resistance to erosion phenomena when it is exposed to fluid flux (i.e. blood flux) a dedicated device, (the Simulated Artery Device, SAD), was built to simulate the human circulatory apparatus. The SAD is an hydraulic circuit in which a buffer solution (at pH 7.4) was fluxed by a peristaltic pump through the pipe hosting the covered stent. Erosion tests were performed monitoring, by gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods, the residual mass anchored to stent mesh after given times. The obtained results showed that the in situ gel-paving developed protocol was efficacious and reliable. The gel-paving was completely eroded in a time of the same order of magnitude of the physiological period required to restore the coronary lesion (subsequent to the atheroma removal) and of a pharmacological therapy to inhibit the in-stent-restenosis pathology. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2015.},
keywords = {coronary stent, drug delivery, erosion phenomena, gel erosion, pluronic/alginate blends},
In this work the development of an experimental protocol to perform the in situ gel-paving of coronary stent is presented. Biocompatible aqueous blends of Pluronic F127 and sodium alginates are used as potential drug dosage system for pharmacological in situ treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis. Pluronic F127/alginate aqueous blend has the unique characteristic to be liquid at room condition and to form gel at physiological temperature. The proposed protocol is based on the blend injection on stent wall previously implanted in a flexible silicon pipe mimicking the coronary artery. Injected blend is warmed up until human body temperature achieving a soft gel, then it is reticulated by co | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.180271 | 1.329575 | 0.354279 | 0.312172 |
pper bivalent ions to obtain an hard gel. To test the gel paving resistance to erosion phenomena when it is exposed to fluid flux (i.e. blood flux) a dedicated device, (the Simulated Artery Device, SAD), was built to simulate the human circulatory apparatus. The SAD is an hydraulic circuit in which a buffer solution (at pH 7.4) was fluxed by a peristaltic pump through the pipe hosting the covered stent. Erosion tests were performed monitoring, by gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods, the residual mass anchored to stent mesh after given times. The obtained results showed that the in situ gel-paving developed protocol was efficacious and reliable. The gel-paving was completely eroded in a time of the same order of magnitude of the physiological period required to restore the coronary lesion (subsequent to the atheroma removal) and of a pharmacological therapy to inhibit the in-stent-restenosis pathology. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2015.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbm.b.33425/abstract;jsessionid=31C66[...]
doi:10.1002/jbm.b.33425
Barba, Anna Angela; Dalmoro, Annalisa; D'Amore, Matteo; Lamberti, Gaetano
Liposoluble vitamin encapsulation in shell–core microparticles produced by ultrasonic atomization and microwave stabilization Journal Article
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 64 (1), pp. 149–156, 2015, ISSN: 00236438.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: drug delivery, Micro and Nano Vectors, Microwave drying, Shell{–}core microparticles, Ultrasonic energy, Vitamins
@article{Barba2015a,
title = {Liposoluble vitamin encapsulation in shell\textendashcore microparticles produced by ultrasonic atomization and microwave stabilization},
author = { Anna Angela Barba and Annalisa Dalmoro and Matteo D'Amore and Gaetano Lamberti},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002364381500403X},
doi = {10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.040},
issn = {00236438},
journal = {LWT - Food Science and Technology},
abstract = {Encapsulation may protect unstable, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). However, encapsulation by the solvent extraction and/or evaporation techniques can require toxic organic solvents, which greatly increase processing costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on ergocalciferol encapsulation by a combination of the ionic gelation method with the ultrasonic atomization and microwave drying. Optimization of manufacturing parameters included the addition of pluronic-F127 to the core solution at 1.5% w/w to increase the encapsulation efficiency to nearly 92%, greatly improving performance compared to Tween 80 at 0.5% w/w. Microwave treatment at 230 W promoted the recovery of 100% of the ergocalciferol and reduced drying times to about 30 min, while 690 W degraded 40% of the D2. In contrast, the conventional heating degraded 17% of the ergocalciferol during 12 h of processing. By all the applied methods, microparticles were produced with similar gastoresistance properties of less than 10% release at pH of 1.0, to nearly 100% release at pH of 6.8 and 240 min of dissolution. Analysis showed limited ergocalciferol degradation after 5 months of storage.},
keywords = {drug delivery | [
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, Micro and Nano Vectors, Microwave drying, Shell{\textendash}core microparticles, Ultrasonic energy, Vitamins},
Encapsulation may protect unstable, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). However, encapsulation by the solvent extraction and/or evaporation techniques can require toxic organic solvents, which greatly increase processing costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on ergocalciferol encapsulation by a combination of the ionic gelation method with the ultrasonic atomization and microwave drying. Optimization of manufacturing parameters included the addition of pluronic-F127 to the core solution at 1.5% w/w to increase the encapsulation efficiency to nearly 92%, greatly improving performance compared to Tween 80 at 0.5% w/w. Microwave treatment at 230 W promoted the recovery of 100% of the ergocalciferol and reduced drying times to about 30 min, while 690 W degraded 40% of the D2. In contrast, the conventional heating degraded 17% of the ergocalciferol during 12 h of processing. By all the applied methods, microparticles were produced with similar gastoresistance properties of less than 10% release at pH of 1.0, to nearly 100% release at pH of 6.8 and 240 min of dissolution. Analysis showed limited ergocalciferol degradation after 5 months of storage.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002364381500403X
doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.040
Barba, Anna Angela; Dalmoro, Annalisa; Santis, Felice De; Lamberti, Gaetano
Synthesis and characterization of P(MMA-AA) copolymers for targeted oral drug delivery Journal Article
Polymer Bulletin, 62 (5), pp. 679–688, 2009, ISSN: 0170-0839.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: drug delivery, Enteric coating, P(MMA-AA)
@article{Barba2009d,
title = {Synthesis and characterization of P(MMA-AA) copolymers for targeted oral drug delivery},
author = { Anna Angela Barba and Annalisa Dalmoro and Felice De Santis and Gaetano Lamberti},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00289-009-0040-4},
journal = {Polymer Bulletin},
abstract = {This paper describes the development of pH-sensitive poly(methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) copolymers for the enteric coating of pharmaceutical products for oral administration. To obtain the dissolution at the desired pH level, different pH-sensitive polymers are available on the market. Usually, for each desired dissolution pH, an ad hoc polymer is designed. Thus, different dissolution pH values could ask for completely different polymers. Instead, the materials proposed in this work are copolymers of the same two monomers, and the different dissolution pH was obtained by changing the volume fraction of the hydrophobic methyl methacrylate monomer to the hydrophilic acrylic acid monomer. Increasing the volumetric percentage of methyl methacrylate causes the polymer to dissolve at increasing pH, until the dissolution does not take place at all, and it is replaced by a slow swelling phenomenon. The copolymers obtained were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, in order to evaluate their glass transition temperature, and these latter were related to %MMA. The molecular weights of the pure polymers (PAA, PMMA) were measured by intrinsic viscosity, to further validate the glass transition temperatures observed. The dissolution of the copolymers was carefully tested in buffer solutions for a dense set of pH values. A linear relationship between dissolution pH and volumetric | [
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View Active News
2020 ties for warmest year on record, new report shows
At 1.02 degrees Celsius higher than the 1951–1980 mean, Earth's global average surface temperature in 2020 was – tied with that in 2016 – the warmest on record. This finding of a recent report by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) underlines the planet's long-term warming trend as one of the most significant effects of climate change. "The last seven years have been the warmest seven years on record, typifying the ongoing and dramatic warming trend," said NASA GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. "Whether one year is a record or not is not really that important; the important things are long-term trends. With these trends, and as the human impact on the climate increases, we have to expect that records will continue to be broken." The rising average temperatures cause various significant changes in weather, ice and land mass, sea levels and soil conditions – only to mention a few impacts. They also increase the likelihood and magnitude of extreme weather events. 2020 was not only the warmest year on record but also a year with record breaking natural phenomena.
Parts of Earth are warming faster than others. The most extreme temperature deviations have been measured in the Arctic, the region has been warming more than three times faster than the rest of the globe over the past 30 years. Last year was the hottest year on record in Europe. In general, the northern hemisphere had above average temperatures in contrast to the southern hemisphere with below average temperatures. This was caused by the cooling La Niña-conditions in the Pacific. The analysis of satellite data shows that in 2020 the CO2-concentration in the atmosphere continued to rise to an unprecedented level of 413.1 ppm. The estimated mean annual XCO2 growth rate of 2020 was 2.3 ± 0.4 ppm/year, in comparison to 2019 which had a higher growth rate of 2,5 ± 0,2 ppm/year. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic there have been 7 per cent less CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. To what extent this was a factor in the lower overall increase is questionable, since the fluctuations in the global growth rate are dominated by natural processes.
Rising temperatures influence the likelihood and magnitude of disasters. Climate change increases the possibility of more severe droughts and favors the formation of storms as it drives ocean warming. Experts expect an increase in violent storms in the future. Weak storms, on the other hand, are becoming rarer. In addition to the higher intensity, the storms move more slowly. The speed of storms fell by an average of ten percent between 1949 and 2019. The reason for this lies in the slower circulation of the tropical atmosphere due to global warming. Temperatures rising due to greenhouse gases which trap more heat in the atmosphere speed up the melting of glaciers, sea ice in the Arctic as well as permafrost causing sea levels to rise and threatening coastal communities and estuarine ecosystems.
2020 in Statistical Tie for Warmest Year on Record. Image: NASA
The hurricane season in Central America normally quiets down at the end of October but in 2020 tropical storms, for example Hurricane Eta, continued taking their toll until December. The 2020 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active and the fifth costliest Atlantic hurricane season on record. In addition, it was the fifth consecutive above average Atlantic hurricane season from 2016 onward. The warm temperatures of the last year also favored forest fires. The forest fire season was unusually active in the Artic region and north Siberia, with fires first spotted in May and lasting all summer well into autumn. As a result, the poleward fires of the Arctic Circle released a record 244 megatons of carbon dioxide in 2020, more than a third more than the 2019 record.
Tracking global temperature trends provides a critical indicator of the impact of human activities, specifically greenhouse gas emissions, on our planet. The effects of rising temperatures on the quantity and severeness of natural disaster shows the importance of climate friendly action. UN- | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.940857 | 0.854586 | 2.382415 | 1.124223 |
Why does the tint (color) of quicklime vary?
This is because of the different fuels used to heat the limestone (calcium carbonate) to convert it to quicklime (calcium oxide). Many suppliers use pulverized coal and a mixture of pet coke which can result in a slight grayish color to the quicklime due to the exposure to the fuel. You'll notice that a pebble of quicklime, when split, will appear white inside since this area has not been exposed to the burning fuel directly. Generally, The tint of the quicklime has no significant bearing upon the reaction of the quicklime with water. This is because the amount of material associated with the color is insignificant. The exception would be if the quicklime were overburned which could decrease the reactivity.
Are there any handling or safety precautions that workers should follow?
Worker Safety Lime, particularly quicklime, is an alkaline material that is reactive in the presence of moisture. Workers handling lime must be trained and wear proper protective equipment.
Eye Hazards—Lime can cause severe eye irritation or burning, including permanent damage. Eye protection (chemical goggles, safety glasses and/or face shield) should be worn where there is a risk of lime exposure. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with lime products.
Skin Hazards—Lime can cause irritation and burns to unprotected skin, especially in the presence of moisture. Prolonged contact with unprotected skin should be avoided. Protective gloves and clothing that fully covers arms and legs are recommended. Particular care should be exercised with quicklime because its reaction with moisture generates heat capable of causing thermal burns.
Inhalation Hazards—Lime dust is irritating if inhaled. In most cases, nuisance dusts masks provide adequate protection. In high exposure situations, further respiratory protection may be appropriate, depending on the concentration and length of exposure.
What is lime? What are the differences between quicklime and hydrated lime, high calcium lime, and dolomitic lime?
High calcium quicklime — derived from limestone containing 0 to 5 percent magnesium carbonate.
Magnesian quicklime — derived from limestone containing 5 to 35 percent magnesium carbonate.
Dolomitic quicklime — derived from limestone containing 35 to 46 percent magnesium carbonate.
Hydrated lime is a dry powder manufactured by treating quicklime with sufficient water to satisfy its chemical affinity for water, thereby converting the oxides to hydroxides.
generally 72 to 74 percent calcium oxide and 23 to 24 percent chemically combined water.
Dolomitic hydrated lime (normal) — under atmospheric hydrating conditions only the calcium oxide fraction of dolomitic quicklime hydrates, producing a hydrated lime of the following chemical composition: 46 to 48 percent calcium oxide, 33 to 34 percent magnesium oxide, and 15 to 17 percent chemically combined water.
Dolomitic hydrated lime (pressure) — this lime is produced from dolomitic quicklime under pressure, which results in hydrating all of the magnesium oxide as well as all of the calcium oxide, producing the following chemical composition: 40 to 42 percent calcium oxide, 29 to 30 percent magnesium oxide, and 25 to 27 percent chemically combined water.
Is aglime the same as lime?
The term agricultural lime, or "aglime," usually refers to crushed limestone. Limestone (calcium carbonate) is not the same as hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).
What regulations apply to transporting lime?
Lime is not regulated as a hazardous chemical when transported.
Send a request, via email, fax, or by post. We will affirm your request with portions of your necessities, value and wanted conveyance.
What is the Quality Certification?
We have enough experience and comprehend the tastes of the distinctive universal markets great. Our encountered staff assesses every shipment directly. We hold fast to all quality parameters. Additionally, we are interested in autonomous unbiased gather | [
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] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.581377 | 0.000643 | 0.698578 | 0.94461 |
Deutsche Telekom backs GSMA scheme to sort network security headaches
By Michelle Donegan2020-12-22T03:29:00+00:00
DT CSO Thomas Tschersich is a leading proponent of GSMA and 3GPP scheme.
NESAS aims for more secure mobile networks and efficient security testing.
Geopolitical climate heightens awareness about the security assurance scheme, and DT exec insists it could be an apolitical solution to concerns.
Deutsche Telekom Chief Security Officer Thomas Tschersich
Source: Deutsche Telekom
Deutsche Telekom's Chief Security Officer Thomas Tschersich is a big fan of the Network Equipment Security Assurance Scheme (NESAS) run by the mobile industry group GSM Association (GSMA) and standards organisation 3GPP.
Speaking to Deutsche Telekomwatch, Tschersich said this "under-the-radar" scheme, which was designed to improve mobile network security and reduce security testing costs for operators, is now getting more attention in the current political climate around 5G network security, and could potentially have a more prominent role by helping European governments to certify equipment.
NESAS sets baseline security requirements for mobile network components, which are specified by 3GPP, and provides a framework for independent testing. The scheme assesses vendors' security practices across their product development processes and tests network components in independent labs against the 3GPP security specifications. Together, the assessments and tests are meant to provide operators basic assurance about the security of network equipment before it goes into their own labs for more stringent tests.
The scheme was initiated by DT and Orange four years ago. NESAS officially launched in December 2019 and is understood to be the only security assurance programme specifically focused on mobile equipment and product development lifecycles. So far, Ericsson, Huawei Technologies, Nokia, and ZTE have committed to the scheme and have already undergone assessments of "product development and lifecycle management processes", according to the GSMA.
Tschersich said the initial goal of NESAS was to improve network security. "The idea was to create an industry standard for security per component, which is proved independently, to gain more trust in single components", he said.
The aim is to "make security a functional requirement" in the same way that there are requirements for interoperability or performance and set an industry standard to ensure all vendors implement the same security requirements in every mobile network component — whether it is part of a base station, core network function, or transport network.
There is also an efficiency angle to Tschersich's interest in NESAS. Operators typically conduct similar security tests on the same vendor equipment. Allocating the subset of redundant tests to approved, independent labs would be beneficial to operators and vendors, allowing telcos to focus testing efforts on their specific requirements.
"If an independent body could test those things and scenarios upfront, then we're able to reduce the time for testing on the operator side and become much faster at introducing new technology", he said, noting that the independent testing part of the NESAS scheme has not yet been implemented.
Politics shines a light on NESAS
NESAS has been quietly developed over the last four years, unconnected to the political storm over Huawei and 5G vendor security, but the current political climate is raising awareness and could see the scheme play a bigger role.
"When the political debate started, it was quite clear that we need to have something in place [that] is proving the security and the trustworthiness of a component… Lucky [for] us, we had prepared the NESAS scheme, together with GSMA and 3GPP, which suddenly perfectly fits into the hole which was opening up", said Tschersich. "I'm not talking about the trustworthiness of the vendor, that's a different aspect".
Since the NESAS scheme defines and standardises security requirements and independently tests the requirements, the model could provide a framework for national and European Union authorities to certify vendor components. The new German IT Security Law, for example, is likely to require the certification of certain components.
"[NESAS] can help, if we come to the conclusion in the political debate that it makes sense, and I'm convinced that it would make sense, to focus on proven technical judgments", said Tschersich. "Then NESAS could be an answer [that] helps us in solving that issue".
Is this about Huawei?
Asked whether DT viewed the | [
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Peace walk, Stations of Cross procession call for end to gang violence
Several hundred people carrying crosses walk through their neighborhood in East Palo Alto, Calif., March 8 and pray the Stations of the Cross for an end to gang violence that is taking the lives of young people. (CNS photo/Jose Aguirre, Catholic San Francisco)
By Valerie Schmalz • Catholic News Service • Posted March 12, 2014
EAST PALO ALTO, Calif. (CNS) — Josue Barbosa Zamora died in a drive-by shooting Jan. 13, 300 feet from his front door, the latest young man to die violently in East Palo Alto.
"Every day I ask myself if it was worth it. We escaped from Mexico because of the violence and poverty and now we found this," said Lorena Zamora, who left her husband behind 10 years ago to bring her three children to the U.S.
Zamora spoke in Spanish to photographer Jose Aguirre of Catholic San Francisco, the archdiocesan newspaper.
Lorena Zamora mother joined other grieving mothers, San Francisco Auxiliary Bishop William J. Justice, community members, and parishioners and the priests of St. Francis of Assisi to walk her neighborhood for peace, praying the Stations of the Cross March 8.
In 2013, there were 16 homicides in San Mateo County, eight of those in East Palo Alto, a city with a population of fewer than 30,000 people.
While the city's murder rate is down from the 42 recorded in 1992 when it gained notoriety for the highest murder rate in the nation with a population then of 24,000, it continues to suffer from festering gang wars and the drug trade.
Several hundred people, many mothers pushing strollers, youngsters from Saturday catechism and their parents, as well as grandmothers and grandfathers, prayed and sang in a procession to the street-side shrine near where 19-year-old Josue Zamora died. Several men parishioners took turns carrying the heavy wooden cross, in imitation of Christ's journey to Calvary.
Bishop Justice led the group in praying the 14 Stations of the Cross. A group of Tongan men, the St. Francis Boys who play at two Sunday Masses, improvised an original song, "I Cry for Peace." Their equipment was set up in a driveway next to the flowers, pictures, candles and a Buzz Lightyear plastic plate that comprised Zamora's shrine.
"In a moment of silence, let us remember those who have died, the youth of our city," prayed Bishop Justice, as the mid-morning sun beat down.
Parishioners of St. Francis of Assisi traditionally enact the outdoor Stations of the Cross each Friday in Lent. This year, in collaboration with the archdiocesan restorative justice ministry led by Julio Escobar, they began with a peace walk.
"We are here because we don't want to be going to another funeral," said Escobar during a short rally in front of the Spanish-style white stucco church. "Gang members, drug dealers, God loves you. There is a different way to live your life."
"Lent is a time of joining with Christ in his suffering and death," said Father Lawrence Goode, pastor of St. Francis of Assisi. For the 10 years he has been pastor, Father Goode also has been praying with the San Mateo St. Vincent de Paul Society many times of year, as the Society of St. Vincent de Paul holds a prayer vigil at each murder site.
Pre-teens and teens as well as adults carried 75 small white wooden crosses with the names of East Palo Alto homicide victims, while others held yellow signs on wooden sticks "Peace and Justice" and "Pax and Justicia" and red signs that declared "Alto a la Valencia" and "Stop the Violence."
East Palo Alto is plagued by gang violence stemming from the drug trade, and Father Goode said there is so much fear that the perpetrators rarely are punished, and the "foot soldiers" not the drug users or big dealers are the only ones incarcerated or shot.
East Palo Alto Police Sgt. Jeff Liu, speaking at the r | [
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AeroSafety World September 2018
Unaware
Cover Story, Helicopter Safety
New Zealand investigators tie an AS350 crash to poor understanding of the risks of underslung load operations.
by Linda Werfelman | September 26, 2018
The pilot of a Eurocopter AS350 BA was en route to a New Zealand pond to refill an underslung firefighting bucket when the bucket's suspension line struck the tail rotor, tearing off the tail boom and causing a loss of control that sent the helicopter plunging to the ground, the Transportation Accident Investigation Commission (TAIC) of New Zealand says.
The pilot — the only person in the helicopter — was killed in the Feb. 14, 2017, crash in the southeastern suburbs of Christchurch, and the helicopter was destroyed, the TAIC said in its report, released in late June.
"There may not be a good awareness within the helicopter industry of the additional risks involved with underslung load operations, particularly with the use of monsoon buckets [underslung buckets used in fighting wildfires] during firefighting operations," the report said.
The report said that video from a recorder mounted beneath the helicopter showed that an object — presumably a window, which had detached from the left rear sliding door — fell from the helicopter just before the monsoon bucket rose toward the tail rotor.
The report said that the TAIC determined that the door configuration was prohibited, "and therefore, the helicopter was being flown outside the manufacturer's approved limits."
In addition, the report said that the monsoon bucket likely flew toward the tail rotor "due to a combination of forward airspeed and turbulence." As the pilot slowed the helicopter, "in response to losing the window," the tail rotor dipped and contacted the suspension line.
Wildfire in the Hills
The firefighting effort began after wildfires broke out in the Port Hills near the southeastern suburbs of Christchurch on Feb. 13, 2017. The National Rural Fire Authority, which was in charge of the effort, contracted with area helicopter companies for a survey of the fire and to evacuate people from the affected area. The accident pilot — flying the accident helicopter, operated by Way To Go Heliservices — was among the participants.
Around 0540 local time the next day, the pilot flew the same helicopter from Rangiora back to the firefighting operations, which included more helicopters and pilots than the day before, the report said, adding that the firefighting supervisor designated the accident pilot as the lead pilot for three helicopters in his sector. The pilot briefed his colleagues and they agreed on the circuit pattern to be flown between the dipping ponds, where their buckets were refilled, and the water drop points.
The group had a break for lunch and refueling and then resumed their flights. Around 1405, several pilots heard "an abbreviated Mayday call … but it was not clear on which radio frequency the call had been made," the report said. In a subsequent roll call of all participating firefighting aircraft, the pilot did not respond, and another pilot saw the helicopter's wreckage in a gully east of Sugarloaf peak, near the center of the pilots' flight circuits.
The commercial pilot had about 2,350 flight hours, including 500 in AS350s and 80 hours of underslung-load flying. He had begun helicopter flight training in 1998 and earned a commercial pilot license in 2002. In 2008, he was hired by the operator as a contract pilot and ground crewmember; he left in 2009 but returned in 2013 as a full-time pilot. He held a B Category instructor rating and a Grade 2 agricultural rating, was a quality assurance manager and training manager for the operator, and trained fire service personnel on how to work with firefighting helicopters.
Post-accident tests found what the report said were trace amounts of cannabis in the pilot's blood and urine; the report also said that interviews with his associates indicated that he was an occasional user who had smoked marijuana | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.034547 | 0.491206 | 1.295722 | 0.38427 |
while off duty two days before the accident. The report quoted a forensic toxicologist as saying the pilot was "unlikely" to have been under the influence of the drug at the time of the accident.
"However," the report added, "as pilots may not know when they will be next required for duty, and the short- and long-term effects of cannabis use are variable, the use of cannabis at any time poses a serious risk to aviation safety. While not causal, substance use is part of the circumstances of this accident that the commission believes has significant implications for transport safety."
The accident pilot, flying the accident helicopter with an underslung monsoon bucket, was involved in a previous incident while fighting a January 2015 wildfire in Canterbury, the region of New Zealand that includes Christchurch, the report said. The window panel from the left rear sliding door fell from the helicopter during a firefighting flight, and the pilot explained the event to the fire officer in charge that "it had happened because he had been flying too fast," the report said. The incident was recorded and the firefighting pilots were cautioned the next day, but there was no investigation and the New Zealand Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) was not notified, as required, the report added. After that incident, the pilot logged 75.5 hours of flight in underslung load operations.
The operator, Way To Go Heliservices, was certified for commercial and charter operations and had been conducting commercial flights in the area since 2009 using several helicopter types, the report said.
In September 2016, the National Rural Fire Authority issued the company an interim certificate of compliance, good for 36 months or until it passed the authority's formal audit. At the time of the accident, the audit had not been conducted.
Helicopter Modifications
The helicopter was manufactured in 1980 and had accumulated 9,127 hours in operation. An annual airworthiness review was completed Feb. 1, 2017, and the most recent scheduled maintenance was a 150-hour/annual airframe inspection, on Feb. 8.
The helicopter, which the pilot flew from the right seat, had been modified to accommodate the performance of underslung-load tasks with a seat position offset to the right of the normal position to allow for a better downward view. In addition, a window in the floor enabled the pilot to see the underslung load, and an extended collective lever ensured full control when the seat was in the offset position.
For firefighting, the doors on the left side of the helicopter were closed and those on the right side had been removed — a supplement to the AS350 BA flight manual said this configuration was prohibited. However, the report said the operator told accident investigators that the supplement was "ambiguous" on this point and that it was "not aware that the configuration was prohibited."
Later variants of the AS350 were approved for flight with this door configuration, but only with airspeeds of 110 kt or less. The report said that Airbus Helicopters had told accident investigators that the speed limit was designed to prevent differences in air pressure from applying excessive force to some parts of the cabin.
The monsoon bucket used in firefighting was a Cloudburst 1000 — a collapsible bucket with a capacity of 1,000 L (264 gal) and a weight of about 62 kg (137 lb) — that was attached to a 6-m-long (20-ft-long) strop. The total length of the underslung load below the helicopter hook was 10 m (33 ft). The maximum load on the hook was 750 kg (1,653 lb).
The bucket manufacturer "did not state any airspeed limitations but said feedback from operators was that an empty bucket flew well at speeds up to 100 knots," the report said, adding that the flight manual supplement for the hook said the airspeed limit when the bucket was loaded was 80 kt and that the pilot was responsible for determining the speed limit, "according to the load and sling length."
The pilot filled the bucket by lowering it into a dipping pond; alternatively, the helicopter could be landed and the bucket could be filled from hoses.
The report said that because the flight manual in the helicopter | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.093473 | 0.898711 | 1.561119 | 0.408303 |
lacked information on the Cloudburst 1000 and the operator could not provide its specifications, the pilots lacked ready access to information needed to calculate the operating weight.
Winds at the time of the accident varied from 264 degrees to 279 degrees at 20 to 29 kt, and other pilots in the firefighting circuit around Sugarloaf noted that there had been light turbulence "but it had not been a concern to them," the report said, adding, however, that the pilot of a Kawasaki BK117 who responded to the accident told investigators that the winds had made flying "a bit of a struggle."
The helicopter was equipped with a digital video camera, which was mounted beneath the forward fuselage, facing the monsoon bucket, and enabled investigators to compare the bucket's behavior during a typical flight with its behavior during the accident flight.
In this case, the video indicated normal operations during the accident flight. The recording also showed that the helicopter's ground speed before the accident was between 80 and 90 kt. After the helicopter passed over a rocky ridge, "the video recording showed slight transient movements in pitch and roll," the report said. "A vibration went through the monsoon bucket and the strop, as had happened on previous passes over the ridge, and the tension in the suspension line relaxed. This time, the bucket rose quickly until it went out of view of the camera. …
"When the bucket moved out of camera view, the frame of the video recording in relation to the landing gear reference points changed. … This was most likely the result of rearward pressure on the camera because of an increase in airspeed. …
"It was very likely that these were all signs of turbulence and wind shear."
An analysis by the French Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses of the video, which included sound, noted that at this point, after an increase in pitch attitude, two loud sounds were heard, and then the background noise, which matched the frequency of the tail rotor, stopped.
"It is virtually certain that the second loud sound and the high frequency airframe vibration occurred when the monsoon bucket and the tail rotor made contact," the report said. "The tail rotor blades were largely destroyed by this contact." The report added that two objects — one of them "virtually certain" to have been the window panel and the other unidentified but possibly a bird — appeared briefly below the helicopter, and four seconds later, the vertical stabilizer fell to the ground.
The recording also showed that the bucket's suspension lines had contacted the tail rotor; the resulting damage to the blades and the separation of the vertical stabilizer caused the loss of control that preceded the crash, the report said.
The investigation identified two safety issues, including the poor awareness of risks associated with underslung load operations and the fact that the operator "did not have adequate systems available for the pilot to determine the actual all-up weight and balance of the helicopter for the firefighting operation, or to ensure that incidents such as the previous loss of a window were recorded, notified to the CAA and investigated." That second issue stemmed from the pilot's inability to estimate the weight of the 1,000-L bucket and its contents.
The report noted that video from the helicopter's recorder showed that the pilot filled the bucket to capacity on every trip to the dipping pond and that he had no reliable method of taking on only enough water to meet the hook's 750-kg load limit.
"A line had been painted inside the bucket, but it had faded," the report said. "The line was not visible on the video recording and it is unlikely that the pilot could see it clearly. Although the pilot had the option of subsequently releasing some water by briefly opening the bucket valve, video evidence showed that it was virtually certain that the initial part of each circuit began with the bucket weight exceeding the hook load limit."
That the bucket's capacity exceeded the load limit "ought to have been recognized as a risk" and action should have been taken to address it, the report said
As the investigation progressed, the TAIC issued several safety recommendations, including:
A recommendation to Way To Go Heliservices calling for a review of its internal quality assurance system to ensure that systems exist to determine the weight and balance of all aircraft for all operations, that all accidents are properly recorded, and that pilots "are fully aware of and observe the operating limitations of all the | [
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] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.22627 | 1.111547 | 1.92335 | 0.780176 |
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