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4041707 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhantal | Dhantal | The dhantal (dandtal) is a long steel rod based percussion instrument (sounding similar to the triangle), which was adapted from the iron "bows" that yoked the oxen that pulled the carts on the estates in Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, other parts of the Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, and South Africa. The original beater was an actual horseshoe, a shape which is still retained in the dhantal's modern context as a musical instrument. Its top may be blunt or tapered to a fine point to allow for greater resonance, and its end is shaped into a circle that rests on the ground, table, or other surface when it is played. It is usually about a meter long and 3/8" to 1/2" thick.
History
The dhantal (also called the dhandataal) is of Indian origin, but most commonly found in the Caribbean and Fiji. The instrument was brought to the Caribbean and to the Fiji Islands by indentured laborers from India. The instrument's name literally means "stick percussion" from danda, "stick," and taal, the act of striking rhythmically. That is ll.
Technique
The dhantal is played by striking a metal rod (usually iron or steel) with a metal beater shaped like a horseshoe. The amount of resonance is controlled by opening and closing the hand that is holding the rod. The dhantal's timbre is sharply metallic and provides a clearly defined tal (beat or pulse) to help the ensemble stay in rhythmic sync. The basic rhythm of the dhantal is an ostinato consisting of two sixteenth-notes followed by an eighth-note. This rhythm has a similar "feel" to the merengue music of the Dominican Republic, which itself was based on an African rhythm brought to the Caribbean through the Afro-Caribbean diaspora. An example of how the Dhantal works can be seen in the Dhantal Lesson YouTube video.
See also
Chutney music
References
External links
Lesson on how to play a dhantal on YouTube
Stick percussion idiophones
Caribbean musical instruments
Trinidad and Tobago musical instruments
Fijian musical instruments |
5377720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel%20Rada | Karel Rada | Karel Rada (born 2 March 1971) is a Czech former professional football defender. He played for several teams, including SK Slavia Prague, SK Sigma Olomouc, FK Teplice, Trabzonspor and Eintracht Frankfurt. At international level, he played for the Czech Republic, for which he played 43 matches and scored four goals. He was a participant in the Euro 1996, where the Czech Republic won the silver medal, and represented the Czech Republic at the 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup.
Career
Rada started his career with Dukla Prague.
References
External links
1971 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Karlovy Vary
Czech footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Association football defenders
Bohemians 1905 players
SK Sigma Olomouc players
SK Slavia Prague players
FK Teplice players
Eintracht Frankfurt players
Trabzonspor footballers
UEFA Euro 1996 players
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup players
UEFA Euro 2000 players
Czech First League players
Süper Lig players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Czech football managers
Czech Republic women's national football team managers |
4041717 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying%20Warriors | Flying Warriors | Flying Warriors is a 1991 action/fighting video game developed by Culture Brain and published by Culture Brain USA exclusively for the NES in North America in February 1991. It is a mixture of two Family Computer video games in the Hiryū no Ken franchise: Hiryu no Ken II: Dragon no Tsubasa and Hiryu no Ken III: 5 Nin no Ryuu Senshi. It implements ideas and elements from both games.
The first installment of the Hiryū no Ken series had already been released in North America as Flying Dragon: The Secret Scroll, with virtually no modification aside from the language.
Gameplay
The game features combat in a variety of formats, such as kicking and using fireballs to repel monsters in scrolling stages, a system during one-on-one duels against Tusk Soldiers or a pair of martial arts tournaments where the player must attack a mark that appears on their opponent's body, or defend the area when it appears on them (this system is similar to Culture Brain's original Flying Dragon for the NES), and RPG-style command battles against monster bosses. When confronted by a Tusk Soldier or other otherworldly villain, Rick can change into a costumed superhero form or switch with one of his teammates. The player must switch to Flying Warrior form to use the characters' magic powers and defend themselves from the Tusk Soldiers' magic spells.
Plot
A long time ago, Demonyx of the Dark Dimension attempted to invade the Light Dimension. After a long battle, the hero of the Light Dimension, Dragonlord, sealed Demonyx up by the power of the Mandara Talisman, at which time Demonyx prophesied that he would be back upon the appearance of the Red Evil Star.
Years later, an ominous red star appeared in the sky. Just then, five shooting lights came down toward the ground.
Rick Stalker was brought up by Kung Fu master Gen Lao-Tsu, and is alone in the mountains as usual brushing up on his Kung Fu skills when he comes upon a weeping angel missing her robe. He explores the mountain's caves and ends up encountering a gargoyle who is really a Tusk Soldier in disguise guarding the robe, which is embedded in a rock. Upon the return of her robe, the angel shows Rick a secret passage down the ravine, where he finds a mysterious orb.
Rick goes back to tell Gen the whole story. Gen apprises him that this orb is the Orb of Courage, and that Rick should cross the ocean to Gen's mother land China, where his fate is waiting for him.
Rick goes to China and enters the Shorin temple, the head temple of Kung-Fu, where he spars with Fusetsu, Ensetsu, and Rakan in three separate chambers. When Ensetsu is defeated by Rick, he gives him the Mirror of Mercury, stating that Rick may be the fighter for whom they have been waiting. In the final chamber, Rakan tells Rick that the Orb of Courage is part of the Mandara Talisman, which was used to seal up Demonyx a long time ago, and that Rick will have to locate all the broken pieces of the Talisman to seal him up again. While sparring with Rick, Rakan teaches him how to awaken his true power and transform into a Flying Warrior capable of utilizing sacred mirrors to block mystic spells and arcane swords to cast them. Upon defeating Rakan, Rick obtains the Sword of Vijaya.
The line to GTG's biological weapon research laboratory in Peru was disconnected when the office was covered with a mysterious black fog, which Rakan believes must have something to do with the Dark Dimension. Rakan exhorts Rick to enter in the tournament in Hong Kong that the president of GTG has decided to hold with the intent of deciding on the investigation party.
Wandering around in Hong Kong, Rick learns that there is a phantom blocking the entrance to the coliseum who can only be banished with the help of a bracelet that can be bought at Shunran's store for coin that can be obtained by fighting Jiangshi and fire-raining ghouls. But after Rick pays Shunran, she admits to not having it and instead tells him the password that will convince a certain dragon statue to grant it to an honest man. Rick ventures beyond the waterfall in search of the stone dragon, and finds it in a cave inhabited by a gargoyle who is really a Tusk Soldier in disguise guarding the Sword of Kirik. The dragon grants Rick the bracelet, and tells him that he will obtain the Orb of Wisdom from the phantom when he defeats him. Rick goes back and ventures through another cave guarded by a gargoyle who turns is really a Tusk Soldier in disguise and finds and defeats the phantom, gets the Orb, and enters the tournament. He fights Litron the martial artist, Thornram the kickboxer, Shiro the karate fighter, The Mad Ape the wrestler, and Slugger Sam the boxer. Shiro and Slugger Sam are in fact Tusk soldiers, each guarding a dragma. Rick, Mary Lynn, and Hayato Go are declared the winners of the tournament, and thus the members of the investigation party.
Once the triad is in airspace over Peru, one of Rick's orbs begins to flash, informing him that his traveling companions are Flying Warriors too. He places the Sword of Vijaya on their foreheads, then the three transform and jump out the plane. They fight their way to the jungle village, where they stumble upon the sole survivor of the first investigation party, Greg Cummings, who tells them that the demon Narga has been revived in the ruins at the entrance to the laboratory and joins their party, turning out to be a flying warrior himself. Pepe, who lives in a hut, tells them that they need to find a stone tablet in the ruins and place it in the statue of Narga so that the entrance to the laboratory can open behind the waterfall. The other villagers inform them that Narga cannot be defeated without the Sword of Kan and the Mirror of Venus, and that Maradora, a thief, is trapped in the ruins.
The party fights through more jungle, where they pass a bird who claims to be perched on the Tree of Spirits. Within the ruins, the party finds a talking jar upstairs that turns out to be Maradora, upon whom the spirits cast a spell for stealing their treasures. After bringing him back to the Tree, Rick reminds him of the spell that he needs to cast to turn back into a human. In this way, Rick obtains the Sword of Kan.
The party finds the stone tablet deep within the ruins and brings it to the statue of Narga upstairs, which slides over, revealing the Mirror of Venus. They go back to the waterfall, and fight Narga himself at the entrance to the laboratory. Only Rick's Fire Tornado, which the Sword of Kan affords him, is capable of bringing Narga back from hiding in the Dark Field. Defeating Narga, they go on into the laboratory, where they encounter several Tusk Soldiers and the dead body of the director of GTG. Dargon appears and forces Rick to participate in a second martial arts tournament, with more Tusk Soldiers participating, and Dargon himself defending the title.
After the tournament, the Moonlight Warriors invite the Flying Warriors to battle them in the Dark Dimension, where they have revived Demonyx. At Peking Restaurant in New York's Chinatown, the Flying Warriors meet the Shadow Cult, who are determined to access and root out the Moonlight Warriors, and pick up its young leader, Jimmy Cutler Jr., who turns out to be the fifth Flying Warrior. Jimmy informs the rest of the party that they will need to go deep within a decaying subway station in order to find the portal to the Dark Dimension.
They find the relief key deep within the abandoned subway, and use it to open up the portal to the dark dimension. They fight the Moonlight Warriors, Selenos, Lunatos, Seiros, and Zakros, for deeper access. Because they have through fighting obtained the orbs of Courage, Wisdom, Justice, and Love, as well as the five dragma of the Mandara Talisman, along the way, they are able to fight Demonyx; Jimmy Cutler Jr.'s Meteor Shower is able to force Demonyx to reveal himself; the five Flying Warriors combine to become Dragonlord, and seal Demonyx away until next time; then they head to New York.
Development
Regional differences
In the English game, Ryuhi was named Rick Stalker, and Fuzi Fu was named Dargon.
Reception and legacy
Some major characters later appeared in the North American versions of Hiryū no Ken Gaiden and Hiryū no Ken S: Golden Fighter, known as Fighting Simulator: 2-in-1 Flying Warriors and Ultimate Fighter. Rick Stalker and his mentor Gen also appeared as cameos in several titles in the Super Chinese series, also by Culture Brain. A manga adaptation based on the game was translated and published in the early issues of GamePro magazine.
References
1991 video games
Culture Brain games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Hiryu no Ken
Fighting games
Video games developed in Japan
Virtual Console games
Virtual Console games for Wii U |
5377721 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Rigaud | Jean Rigaud | Jean Rigaud (15 June 1912 – 7 February 1999) was a well-listed French painter, closely associated to the French Navy.
Early life
He was born on 15 June 1912 in Bordeaux, France to the well-known painter, Pierre Gaston Rigaud (1874–1939). The Rigaud family moved to the village of Guyenne in 1914, shortly after World War I began. It was during this time that Jean Rigaud received his first formal training under his father, Pierre Gaston, who was also a well-respected teacher. During this time, Jean was encouraged to develop his own style and talents, which utilized "pure color tones (ochres, yellows and red cadmium) which [stood] out triumphantly against grey skies."
In 1925 Jean Rigaud was invited to exhibit his works at the Salon d'Art Ancien Espagnol in Paris, where he became a regular. Jean also continued his formal education at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris at the Atelier André Dewambez. While at the Atelier, Jean Rigaud began to develop his unique impressionistic style and techniques. He also began painting marine subjects for which he became known. However, this did not mean that he did not paint other scenes. As "a painter of instinct", who focused on scenery, villages and abodes were not out of the realm. Examples of these works include "Tolede: Contre Jour" a 28 ¾" x 19 ¾" oil on canvas painting "L'Isle Adam", and "Ker Guerin, Île d'Yeu." However, according to a brief biography by Banks Fine Art, Rigaud "saved little room for precise depictions of the human figure in his works."
From 1938 to 1976, Jean Rigaud participated in 53 one-man exhibitions, including at the Galerie Durand-Ruel in which he was featured every other year from 1956 to 1974. Furthermore, as a tribute, The Galerie Durand Ruel featured Rigaud's work in their final exhibition as a "Grand Finale."
During his lifetime, Jean Rigaud was invited to exhibit his work at all of the leading Paris Salons, which included the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, Salon "Comparaisons", Salon du Dessin et de la Peinture a l'eau and the Salon de la Marine. Rigaud also exhibited his works in Casablanca, New York, and Strasbourg. He also received a Gold Medal at The International Exhibition in Paris in 1937, the Prize of Messageries Maritimes in 1952, the Prize of Morocco in 1953, and the Prize of Charles Cottet in 1957 as well as "Painter of the French Navy" honors in 1956.
Jean Rigaud's works are featured in many private and public collections across the world. His paintings are also permanently exhibited at the National Museum in Paris, Musée de la Marine, Musée de Niort, Musée de Tours, Musée de Poitiers, Musée Mulhouse, Musée Chalet, Musée Pontoise, and Musée Strasbourg. Jean Rigaud is also well listed in over a dozen prestigious books on art.
Jean Rigaud died in 1999 in Paris, and immediately after his death, the Musée national de la Marine mounted a one-man retrospective of his work, which was met with great critical acclaim.
"Jean Rigaud is placed without doubt in the great tradition of realist and impressionist painter."
His friends
Among his colleagues, his closest friends were Louis Vuillermoz, Daniel du Janerand and chiefly Maurice Boitel whom he brought in car for painting to Yport (Normandy), into Ile de Sein (Brittany), and whom he convinced to come and paint in Yeu island.
References
Jean Rigaud. La Galerie Du Chateau. http://www.dicart-net.fr/PHOTOS/RIGAUD/Amg0000.htm
Jean Rigaud. La Galerie Du Chateau. http://www.dicart-net.fr/PHOTOS/RIGAUD/Amg0000.htm
Sources
Jean Rigaud. Banks Fine Art. 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060826194233/http://www.banksfineart.com/html/Detail.asp?WorkInvNum=161&whatpage=artist
Jean Rigaud. La Galerie Du Chateau. http://www.dicart-net.fr/PHOTOS/RIGAUD/Amg0000.htm
1912 births
1999 deaths
20th-century French painters
20th-century French male artists
French male painters
Peintres de la Marine |
4041721 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Black%20%28businessman%29 | Bill Black (businessman) | William Black, C.M. (born 1950) is a Canadian business leader.
Early life and education
Born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Black graduated from the Halifax Grammar School. He then graduated from Dalhousie University with both a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science in 1970. He then went on to complete his actuarial training in 1974.
Career with Maritime Life
He started working for Maritime Life, a company that was co-founded by his great-grandfather, William Anderson Black, in 1922. Black entered senior management at 25, and eventually became president and CEO. During his nine years as president, the company saw continuous expansion and record profits with the number of jobs in Halifax more than doubling to over 1200. By 2004 the company had 3,000 employees and $15 billion in assets under management. Under his leadership, Maritime Life gained a solid reputation for employee relations and appearing every year among the leaders in the Report on Business list of top 50 employers in Canada. When Maritime's parent company, John Hancock Financial, was purchased by Manulife, Black resigned rather than move to Ontario.
Board experience
His board experience includes being Chair at the Halifax Chamber of Commerce, IWK Health Centre, Symphony Nova Scotia, and the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Public Affairs. He was Lead Director of the Bank of Canada from 2008–2012. He has also been on the board of Dalhousie University (Vice-chair), Standard Life of Canada (Deputy Chair), and Nova Scotia Business Inc. He chaired a summit on the future of economic development in Halifax, and in 2008 chaired the panel reviewing pension legislation and regulation in the Province of Nova Scotia.
He currently sits on the boards of Shaw Group and the Global Risk Institute. In July 2015 he was appointed chair-designate of the Capital Markets Regulatory Authority. He has led a leadership seminar for senior executives since 2006 and is a regular columnist in the Halifax Chronicle Herald on public policy issues.
Political career
He ran in the leadership race for the Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia in 2006, finishing second to Rodney MacDonald. Prior to seeking the leadership, Black was nominated as the Progressive Conservative candidate for Halifax Citadel. In the 2006 election, he was defeated, losing to New Democrat Leonard Preyra by 330 votes.
Recognition
In 2015, he was named a Member of the Order of Canada.
References
1950 births
Canadian businesspeople
Canadian people of British descent
People from Halifax, Nova Scotia
Living people
Dalhousie University alumni
Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia politicians
Members of the Order of Canada
Candidates in Nova Scotia provincial elections |
4041725 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canine%20fossa | Canine fossa | In the musculoskeletal anatomy of the human head, lateral to the incisive fossa of the maxilla is a depression called the canine fossa. It is larger and deeper than the comparable incisive fossa, and is separated from it by a vertical ridge, the canine eminence, corresponding to the socket of the canine tooth;
See also
Fossa
References
External links
UNC
Bones of the head and neck
Facial features
Biological anthropology |
4041741 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket%20Science%20%28Tribal%20Tech%20album%29 | Rocket Science (Tribal Tech album) | Rocket Science is the tenth album by the jazz fusion band Tribal Tech released in 2000. It is also the last album of the band before the 2011 comeback.
Track listing
"Saturn 5" – 7:24
"Astro Chimp" – 3:21
"Song Holy Hall" – 4:59
"Rocket Science" – 9:14
"Sojlevska" – 4:04
"Mini Me" – 6:17
"Space Camel" – 5:28
"Moonshine" – 5:18
"Cap'n Kirk" – 3:01
"The Econoline" – 10:00
Personnel
Scott Henderson - guitar
Gary Willis - bass
Scott Kinsey - keyboards
Kirk Covington - drums
References
2000 albums
Tribal Tech albums |
4041743 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Currie | Mark Currie | Mark Currie is the name of:
Mark Currie (games developer), games developer
Mark John Currie (1795–1874), officer of the Royal Navy, explorer, and early settler in Western Australia
Mark Currie (cricketer) (born 1979), English cricketer
See also
Mark Curry (disambiguation) |
4041766 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transpartisan | Transpartisan | Transpartisan, or transpartisanship, represents an emerging paradigm of political thought which accepts the validity of truths across a range of political perspectives and seeks to synthesize them into an inclusive, pragmatic container beyond typical political dualities. It is distinct from bipartisanship, which aims to negotiate between "right" and "left", resulting in a dualistic perspective, and nonpartisanship, which tends to avoid political affiliation altogether.
Philosophy
Transpartisanship is a movement to support and advance a common ground—or "new center"—that already existed in U.S. politics, emerging periodically into public view in the form of "unusual coalitions" of progressives and conservatives around issues ranging from war and the military budget to corporate power and the surveillance state.
The movement builds on methods of facilitated dialogue, deliberation and conflict resolution.
Current examples of transpartisan initiatives include Transpartisan Center, TheSolution.org, Reuniting America, Transpartisan Alliance, and Liberty Coalition.
Transpartisanship is an emerging field that advocates pragmatic and effective solutions to social and political problems, transcending and including preexisting political ideologies. Transpartisanship encompasses the idea that all systems are inextricably interconnected, and that successful outcomes can best be reached through inclusive, genuine, and respectful cooperation. Transpartisan democracy, in part, seeks to reintegrate the public's voice in identifying, debating, and shaping governmental policies, while continuing to protect the sovereignty of the individual.
The term "transpartisanship" has emerged to provide a meaningful alternative to "bipartisanship" and "nonpartisanship". Bipartisanship limits the dialogue process to two political viewpoints or entities, striving for compromise solutions. Nonpartisanship, on the other hand, tends to deny the existence of differing viewpoints in exchange for cooperation. Both the bipartisan and nonpartisan approaches can discount the multiplicity of viewpoints that exist, which often results in incomplete and therefore unsuccessful outcomes. In contrast to these, transpartisanship recognizes the existence and validity of many points of view, and advocates a constructive dialogue aimed at arriving at creative, integrated, and therefore, breakthrough solutions that meet the needs of all present.
Transpartisan gatherings have resulted not only in surprisingly civil conversations noted by mainstream media but also in shifts from traditional ideological stances by some participants.
A close relative of transpartisanship is integral politics. A transpartisan approach to policy would necessarily include individual and collective, as well as subjective and objective, perspective. Furthermore, similar to integral theory, transpartisanship places politics in a developmental context, viewing democracy and prosperity not as static attainments, but rather emergent properties along a continuum of adult development.
Transpartisan political parties
En Marche!
In 2016, Emmanuel Macron created a new French political party, En Marche. The party sought to transcend traditional political boundaries to be a transpartisan organisation.
Macron has described the party as being a progressive party uniting the left and the right. Observers and political commentators have described the party as being both socially and economically liberal in ideology, Emmanuel Macron became the President of France. The party also won the National Assembly elections a month later, as candidates in the legislative elections included members of the Democratic Movement, as well as dissidents from the Socialist Party, The Republicans and minor parties. It won an absolute majority of seats in the National Assembly, securing 308 under its label and 42 for the MoDem.
Binaa Sudan Party
Binaa Sudan Party was established in February 2018 following an invitation from the Sudanese Shadow Government, a group of youth professionals who joined together to form a non-ideological organisation to produce a practical manifesto to put solutions for Sudan's state problems. Binaa Sudan Party (BSP) labels itself as a Transpartisan organization. BSP is the first Transpartisan political party in Africa and the MENA region and claims that the Sudanese Shadow Government, established 2013, is the first transpartisan organization that played an active rule in a political map.
See also
Postpartisan
Radical centrism
References
External links
Transpartisan Center
TheSolution.org (TED Talk)
Transpartisan Alliance
Liberty Coalition
Reuniting America
Bipartisan vs. Transpartisan: And the Winner Is? An essay by Don Edward Beck
The Bridge Alliance
Political terminology
Emergence |
4041785 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nectanebo | Nectanebo | Two pharaohs of Ancient Egypt's 30th dynasty shared the name Nectanebo:
Nectanebo I (ruled 380 to 362 BC)
Nectanebo II (ruled 360 to 343 BC) |
4041792 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area%20code%20520 | Area code 520 | Area code 520 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the U.S. state of Arizona. The numbering plan area comprises Tucson and most of the southeastern part of the state.
Area code 520 was created in a split from area code 602 on March 19, 1995. Previously, 602 had been the sole area code for the entire state of Arizona since the introduction of area codes in 1947 until Arizona's rapid expansion during the second half of the 20th century, and the proliferation of mobile and data communication services in the 1990s required additional numbering resources.
History
Originally, 520 encompassed the entire state outside the Phoenix metropolitan area, as well as a few outer portions of western and southern Maricopa County. It completely surrounded 602, which was retained by most of the Phoenix area.
Within two years of its creation, however, 520 was already close to exhaustion due to the rapid growth of the Tucson area (and to a lesser extent Yuma and Flagstaff) as well as the proliferation of cell phones and pagers. In 2001, the northern and western portions of the old 520 split off as area code 928. All of Pima, Santa Cruz and Cochise counties, most of Pinal County and part of far southern Maricopa County kept 520, while Yuma and La Paz counties, far western Maricopa County and all of northern Arizona were switched to 928.
Prior to October 2021, area code 520 had telephone numbers assigned for the central office code 988. In 2020, 988 was designated nationwide as a dialing code for the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, which created a conflict for exchanges that permit seven-digit dialing. This area code was therefore scheduled to transition to ten-digit dialing by October 24, 2021.
Service area
Counties
Cochise
Maricopa
Pima
Pinal
Santa Cruz
Municipalities
Ajo
Amado
Arivaca
Arizona City
Bapchule
Benson
Bisbee
Bowie
Casa Grande
Catalina
Cochise
Coolidge
Cortaro
Douglas
Dragoon
Elfrida
Elgin
Eloy
Florence
Fort Huachuca
Green Valley
Hereford
Huachuca City
Kearny
Lukeville
Mammoth
Marana
Maricopa
McNeal
Mount Lemmon
Naco
Nogales
Oracle
Oro Valley
Patagonia
Pearce
Picacho
Pirtleville
Pomerene
Red Rock
Rillito
Rio Rico
Sacaton
Sahuarita
Saint David
San Manuel
San Simon
Sasabe
Sells
Sierra Vista
Sonoita
Stanfield
Superior
Tombstone
Topawa
Tubac
Tucson
Tumacacori
Vail
Valley Farms
Willcox
References
External links
520
520 |
4041793 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Like%20It%20or%20Not%20%28album%29 | Like It or Not (album) | Like It or Not is a compilation album by American alternative rock band Caroline's Spine. Having parting ways with Hollywood Records, the band returned to their independent origins with this album. Some of the tracks are live recordings and one, "Moby Stick," is a drum solo by Jason Gilardi. Most tracks are available on previous albums, and this recording was largely intended to provide fans who may not have had a chance to acquire older albums to purchase a compilation album.
Track listing
All songs written by Jimmy Newquist.
"Like it or Not" – 2:48
"Drift Away" – 3:16
"Overlooked" – 3:45
"Know Me at All" – 3:36
"Palm O' Mine" – 4:15
"Much Better" – 2:53
"Million Years" – 4:54
"Ouch" – 3:54
"Trippin' Laces" – 4:22
"Moby Stick" – 1:33
"Jumpship" – 3:50
"As I am" – 5:07
"Hold My Hand" – 4:38
"My World" – 3:10
"Forget" – 3:37
"Think About Me" – 3:48
"She's Coming Home" – 4:06
"On the Ground" – 2:23
"61" – 5:05
"Surprise" – 1:59
Band Lineup
Jimmy Newquist - vocals, guitar, bass
Mark Haugh - guitar, backing vocals
Jason Gilardi - drums and percussion
Scott Jones - bass, backing vocals
2000 compilation albums
Caroline's Spine albums |
4041794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimma%20University | Jimma University | Jimma University (JU) is a public research university located in Jimma, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is recognized as the leading national university, as ranked first by the Federal Ministry of Education for four successive years (2009–2012). The establishment of Jimma university dates back to 1952 when Jimma college of Agriculture was founded. The university got its current name in December 1999 following the amalgamation of Jimma College of Agriculture (founded in 1952) and Jimma Institute of Health Sciences (founded in 1983).
Overview
The university is located in the city of Jimma, situated around 352 kilometers southwest of Addis Ababa. Its grounds cover some 167 hectares. JU is Ethiopia's first innovative community-oriented educational institution of higher learning, with teaching centers for health care students in Jimma, Omo Nada, Shebe, Agaro, and Asendabo. JU is a pioneer in Public health training. It has academic and scientific collaboration with numerous national and international partners. JU also publishes the biannual Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, and launched the Jimma University Journal of Law in October 2007.
Academics
Jimma University is one of the largest and comprehensive public research universities in Africa. The university has more than 4,000 faculty and staff members. It also has twelve research facilities, a modern hospital, a community school, a community radio station (FM 102.0), an ICT center, libraries and revenue generating enterprises. The university is operating on four campuses and it is on the phase of establishing its fifth campus at Agaro. Currently, the university educates more than 43,000 students in 56 undergraduate and 103 postgraduate programs in regular, summer and distance education with more enrollments in the years to come.
The university has many national and international linkages and collaborations in the area of research, education and community service. Its innovative educational philosophy, staff commitment and motivation and availability of better research facility have helped the university in attracting both national and international partners.
Faculties, Institutes and Schools
The university consists of the following academic units:
School of Graduate Studies
Institute of Technology
Institute of Education and Professional Development Studies
College Of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
College of Business and Economics
College of Natural Sciences
College of Humanities and Social Sciences
. College of Law and Governance
College of Public Health and Medical Sciences
School of Art
Agaro Campus
Initiatives
Jimma University is highly committed to pioneering concepts, as reflected in its motto, the university was initially founded based on the concept of Community-Based Education (CBE). Throughout its history, the university has been committed to this scheme, and almost all of the academic curriculum are based on CBE programs. Jimma University is the first university in Africa that has established an exclusive office under the President's office to supervise all innovative programs across the university.
Jimma University College of Public Health and Medical Sciences
The establishment of the College of Health Sciences of Jimma University (JU) can be traced back to 1983 with the birth of the then Jimma Institute of Health Sciences (JIHS). The very beginning of the establishment of JIHS is marked as a continuation of the Ras Desta Damtew Health Assistant Training School established in 1967 by the Ethio-Netherlands health project in the premises of Jimma Hospital. On this foundation, the School of Nursing was established in 1983. Subsequently, the School of Medicine as well as the School of Pharmacy emerged in 1985; the School of Medical Laboratory Technology and the School of Environmental Health launched in 1987 and 1988, respectively.
Jimma University teaching Hospital (JUTH) is one of the oldest public hospitals in the country. It was established in 1922. Geographically, it is located in Jimma city 352 km southwest of the capital Addis Ababa. It has been governed under the Ethiopian government by the name of “Ras Desta Damtew Hospital” and later “Jimma Hospital" during Dergue regime and currently Jimma University Specialized Teaching Hospital.
Though old for its age, it had not made remarkable physical facility improvement for years.
However, in the later times it became evident that some side-wing buildings were constructed by different stakeholders at different times to respond to the ever-growing pressure of service demand and clinical teaching need derived from the public and Jimma University respectively. Especially, after transfer of its ownership to Jimma University, the university has made relentless efforts in extensive renovation and expansion work to make the hospital conducive for service, teaching and research.
Cognizant of the fast growing service and teaching role of the hospital, the federal government considered construction of a new and level- best 600 bedded hospital which’ will be functional as of September 2015.
Department of Materials Science & Engineering
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, as a national role model for research-oriented departments, was established with a start-up budget of US$10 million. This is the first comprehensive department of materials science in Ethiopia, which offers all MSE programs. The main theme of the department research is nano-materials under supervision of Professor Ali Eftekhari, President of the American Nano Society.
Notable alumni
Gebisa Ejeta - 2009 World Food Prize winner (considered the Nobel prize of Agriculture)
Lia Tadesse - Ethiopia Minister of Health
Tefera Belachew - Renown nutrition professor
References
Educational institutions established in 1952
1952 establishments in Ethiopia
Education in Oromia Region
Universities and colleges in Oromia Region |
4041815 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drupatee%20Ramgoonai | Drupatee Ramgoonai | Drupatee Ramgoonai (; born 2 March 1958) is an Trinidadian and Tobagonian chutney and chutney soca musician. She was responsible for coining the term "chutney soca" in 1987 with her first album, entitled Chutney Soca, which included both English and Hindustani versions of the songs. She had her biggest hit the following year when her "(Roll Up the Tassa) Mr. Bissessar" was a Road March contender. She was instrumental in tassa and chutney soca finding its place in Carnival and her efforts later led to competitions such as Chutney Soca Monarch.
Biography
Drupatee Ramgoonai was born on Sunrees Road in Charlo Village, Penal, Saint Patrick County, Penal-Debe, Trinidad and Tobago, on 2 March 1958 into a Hindu Indian family. She started singing alongside her mother in the mandir at a young age, then went on to learn Indian classical singing from her trainer Ustad James Ramsewak, a veteran in the field. She also gained exposure on Mastana Bahar, the Indian Cultural Pageant, winning the local song category in 1983 and 1984.
Ramgoonai recorded her first crossover tune in 1987, entitled "Chutney Soca", and gained moderate success in the calypso tents. The term chutney soca was first coined by Drupatee Ramgoonai with that crossover tune "Chutney Soca" in 1987 and Ramgoonai is considered the mother of chutney soca. The following year, she released "Mr Bissessar (Roll Up de Tassa)". She has also released songs such as "Pepper", "Hotter Than a Chulha", "Careless Driver", "Motilal", "Tassawalley", and "Manzalina" and "Wuk Up D Ladki" with Machel Montano.
She created history as being the first woman of Indian descent to sing calypso and soca and has been one of the main targets of those who are scandalised by women and Indians singing chutney, chutney soca, calypso, and soca.
In 2016 Drupatee signed an exclusive digital distribution agreement with Fox Fuse, making her entire music catalog available digitally worldwide for the first time.
Collaborations
"Indian Gyal" – Drupatee and Machel Montano
"Real Unity" – Drupatee and Machel Montano
"Nani Wine Remix" – Drupatee and Crazy
"Curry Tabanca" – Drupatee and Mighty Trini
"Roll Up De Tassa" – Drupatee, ft. Alison Hinds
"Be Mines Tonight" – Drupatee and Blazer
"Jep Sting Naina" – Drupatee, ft. Hunter (Lalchan Babwa), D'Hitman (Neeshan Prabhoo), Ravi Bissambhar, Anil Bheem, and Andy Singh
"Nazron Se Kehdo" - Drupatee and Satnarine Ragoo
"Mujko Thand" -Drupatee and D'Hitman (Neeshan Prabhoo)
References
20th-century Trinidad and Tobago women singers
1945 births
Chutney musicians
Living people
People from Penal–Debe
Trinidad and Tobago Hindus |
4041831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Houston%20%28football%20manager%29 | Michael Houston (football manager) | Michael 'Mickey' Houston is an Irish Gaelic football manager. He is a former manager of St Eunan's and a selector on the county panel during Mickey Moran's tenure. While working with the senior team he quit after a public falling out with Moran over the substitutions of John Gildea, Johnny McCafferty and Raymond Sweeney during a game. Houston has been linked with the senior Donegal job in the past.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Gaelic football managers
Gaelic football selectors
Place of birth missing (living people)
People associated with St Eunan's College
GAA people from County Donegal |
5377743 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Tavares%20%28lacrosse%29 | John Tavares (lacrosse) | John Tavares (born September 4, 1968, in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional box lacrosse player and current head coach of the Buffalo Bandits of the National Lacrosse League (NLL). He is the NLL's all-time leading scorer and also a mathematics teacher at Philip Pocock Catholic Secondary School in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. He attended D'Youville College in Buffalo, New York.
Tavares played his entire National Lacrosse League (NLL) career with the Buffalo Bandits, starting in their inaugural season in 1992. He was acquired from the Detroit Turbos in exchange for Brian Nikula in October 1991. Tavares was also the Professional Lacrosse Players' Association representative for the Bandits.
Tavares is the NLL's all-time leader in games played (306), goals (815), assists (934), and points (1,749). His 2,191 loose balls recovered is the second most all-time.
Tavares is the uncle of John Tavares, the captain and star forward of the Toronto Maple Leafs.
John Tavares was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame on May 12, 2022.
National Lacrosse League
On Saturday February 18, 2006, the Buffalo Bandits defeated the Minnesota Swarm by a score of 14–9 in front of 12,458 fans at HSBC Arena in Buffalo, New York. In that game, John Tavares tied the NLL Career Points (goals + assists) record at 1,091 points held by Gary Gait, who had retired after the 2005 season.
On Saturday March 4, 2006, 10,961 fans witnessed history. On that night, the Buffalo Bandits played their 7th regular season game again hosting the Minnesota Swarm, and Tavares scored two points in an 11–8 loss. The first was his 1,092nd career point, the record-breaker, which was an assist to Mark Steenhuis who scored a power-play goal at 11:57 in the second period. (The second point, Point 1,093, was also an assist to Steenhuis in the third period.) Play was stopped, and Tavares was given the game ball.
On Saturday January 20, 2008, Tavares scored his 597th career goal (against goalie Matt Vinc) in a win over the New York Titans, passing Gary Gait and becoming the NLL's all-time leader in goals scored. May 17, 2008 Tavares won his fourth championship and first since 1996. The Bandits beat the Portland Lumberjax in the championship game with the help of two Tavares goals.
During the 2009 NLL season, he was named to the All-Star Game.
Career totals including playoffs
Games Played: 344
Career Goals: 899
Career Assists: 1,050
Career Points: 1,949
Loose Balls: 2,464
Tavares was the first player in NLL history to have 500 goals and 500 assists.
Points milestones
No. 1: Jan. 4, 1992, assist to Rich Kilgour vs. New York in first game.
100: March 20, 1993, goal vs. Detroit's Paul Mootz in 16th game.
200: Jan. 20, 1996, goal vs. Baltimore's J.J. Pearl in 34th game.
300: Feb. 7, 1997, assist to Darris Kilgour vs. Baltimore in 47th game.
400: Jan. 8, 1999, goal vs. Philadelphia's Dallas Eliuk in 62nd game.
500: Feb. 18, 2000, goal vs. Rochester's Pat O'Toole in 78th game.
600: Feb. 10, 2001, goal vs. Washington's Devin Dalep in 91st game.
700: Feb. 1, 2002, assist to Chris Driscoll vs. Montreal in 107th game.
800: Feb. 8, 2003, assist to Mike Accursi vs. Toronto in 122nd game.
900: Feb. 14, 2004, goal vs. Anaheim's Matt Disher in 139th game.
1,000: Feb. 19, 2005, assist to Delby Powless vs. Rochester in 154th game.
1,091: Feb. 18, 2006, assist to Cory Bomberry vs. Minnesota in 169th game. (Ties Gary Gait's then-existing NLL Career Points Record)
1,092: March 4, 2006, assist to Mark Steenhuis vs. Minnesota in 170th game. (New NLL Career Points Record)
1,600: March 17, 2012, goal vs. Minnesota in 259th game.
1,949: May 8, 2015, assist to Dhane Smith vs. Rochester in (Division Semifinal) game 349. (final tally)
Statistics
Reference:
Canadian Lacrosse Association
Tavares' teams have won seven Mann Cups, 1992 and 1993 with the Brampton Excelsiors, 1994 through 1996 with the Six Nations Chiefs, 2002 with the Victoria Shamrocks, and 2012 with the Peterborough Lakers. In 1992, 1993, and 1996, Tavares won the Mike Kelley Memorial Trophy as most valuable player in the Mann Cup competition. Tavares also won the Major Series Lacrosse scoring title eight times, and the MSL's Most Valuable Player award three times. Tavares played Ontario Junior A lacrosse for the Mississauga Tomahawks.
Statistics
International play
John Tavares represented Canada internationally. He played for his home country in the 2003 and in the 2007 World Championships, winning the gold medal in both.
See also
NLL records
References
Further reading
External links
JOHN TAVARES NAMED TO 2012 NLL ALL-PRO TEAM (from 2012)
TAVARES LOOKS BACK ON ANOTHER SUCCESSFUL SEASON (from 2011)
Professional Lacrosse Players Association John Tavares Interview (from 1999)
1968 births
Buffalo Bandits players
Canadian lacrosse players
Canadian people of Portuguese descent
Lacrosse people from Ontario
Living people
National Lacrosse League All-Stars
National Lacrosse League major award winners
Sportspeople from Toronto
D'Youville College alumni
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Buffalo Bandits coaches |
4041834 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e%20Montmartre | Élysée Montmartre | Élysée Montmartre () is a music venue located at 72 Boulevard de Rochechouart, Paris, France. It opened in 1807, burned down in 2011, reopened in 2016, and has a capacity of 1,380 patrons. The nearest métro station is Anvers.
Origins
The Élysée Montmartre was originally a ballroom inaugurated in 1807 where the famous Can-Can was performed among others dances during the 19th century.
In 1900, the venue was damaged by fire and re-decorated. After the Second World War, it started hosting boxing matches.
Notable productions
The piece The Mask by Maupassant takes place in the venue. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec created several paintings here as well.
From the mid-1970s to mid-1980s, a wide variety of French and international performers gained notoriety at the location, including Patti Smith, Alain Souchon, and Jacques Higelin.
In 1992, Steel Pulse released their first live album, Rastafari Centennial - Live in Paris, which was recorded over three nights at the venue.
David Bowie's performance, during the Hours Tour, on 14 October 1999, was filmed and recorded, with three songs later appearing on the CD single of "Survive". A heavily edited recording was released to streaming services as a live album entitled "Something In The Air (Live Paris '99)" in 2020; and later in limited quantities on physical media on 12 March 2021.
In 2005, Cradle of Filth recorded their live DVD, Peace Through Superior Firepower at the venue. The performance was filmed on 2 April 2005.
In 2007, The Counting Crows re-released their debut album, August and Everything After, as a two-disc deluxe edition. The second disc is a recording of a performance at the theatre on 9 December 1994.
The venue is mentioned in The Roots' song, "You Got Me", as a place where the subject saw the band and narrator perform, even though they both lived in the same building in Philadelphia.
Recent history
The room returned to its original vocation in 1995 with dancing evenings animated by the Grand Orchestre de L’Élysée Montmartre and it is now one of the most famous music venues in the city.
Finnish Metal band Sonata Arctica were the last band to perform at "Élysée" before it caught fire on 16 March 2011. On 22 March 2011 in the morning, the building caught fire.
The venue was purchased by Julien Labrousse and Abel Nahmias in 2013, it was rebuilt completely under the direction of Julien Labrousse, it reopened in September 2016 with a concert of Matthieu Chedid.
References
External links
Élysée Montmartre official site
Venue description
Music venues in Paris
Buildings and structures in the 18th arrondissement of Paris
1807 establishments in France
Montmartre
Music venues in France |
5377756 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ferraby | John Ferraby | John Ferraby (January 9, 1914 – September 5, 1973) was a British Baháʼí born in Southsea, England, into a liberal Jewish family. He was educated at Malvern College and King's College, Cambridge, to which he won a major scholarship. He became a Baháʼí in 1941 and was elected as secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly, which he remained until 1959.
In October 1957, Ferraby was appointed a Hand of the Cause of God by Shoghi Effendi. From 1959 to 1963, he served as one of the nine Custodians at the Baháʼí World Centre in Haifa, Israel.
Works
All Things Made New is notable for the changes made from the original publication in 1957 to subsequent editions published after the passing of Shoghi Effendi. For example, comparing the original 1957 edition to the 1987 edition, among the numerous alterations, is the replacement of his dedication of the book to "The First Guardian of the Baháʼí Faith" to simply "The Guardian." Other references to "the Guardian" have been replaced with "the Universal House of Justice."
References
Bibliography
1914 births
1973 deaths
20th-century Bahá'ís
People from Southsea
English Bahá'ís
English Jews
Hands of the Cause
Converts to the Bahá'í Faith from Judaism |
4041839 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao%20Xing | Yao Xing | Yao Xing (; 366–416), courtesy name Zilüe (子略), formally Emperor Wenhuan of (Later) Qin ((後)秦文桓帝), was an emperor of the Qiang-led Chinese Later Qin dynasty. He was the son of the founding emperor Yao Chang (Emperor Wucheng). For most of his reign, he did not use the title of emperor, but used the title Heavenly King (Tian Wang). During his reign, he destroyed the rival Former Qin and proceeded to expand his hegemony over nearly all of western China, as he temporarily seized all of Western Qin's territory and forced Southern Liang, Northern Liang, Western Liáng, and Qiao Zong's Western Shu (西蜀) all to at least nominally submit to him, but late in his reign, defeats on the battlefield, particularly at the hands of the rebel general Helian Bobo (who founded Xia), and internecine struggles between his sons and nephews greatly damaged the Later Qin state, and it was destroyed soon after his death. Yao Xing was an avid Buddhist, and it was during his reign that Buddhism first received official state support in China. The monk Kumarajiva also visited Chang'an at Yao Xing's request in 401.
Before and during Yao Chang's reign
Yao Xing was born in 366, when his father Yao Chang was a general under the Former Qin emperor Fu Jiān. (Who his mother was is open to interpretation; Yao Chang's wife, the later Empress She, was mentioned as his mother, but when Yao Xing later became emperor, he posthumously honored one of Yao Chang's concubines, Consort Sun, as empress dowager, which allows an inference that he could have been born of Consort Sun but raised by Empress She, but there is no conclusive evidence.) Not much is known about his life under Former Qin rule, other than that when he grew older, he served as an assistant to Fu Jiān's crown prince Fu Hong (苻宏).
When Yao Chang declared a rebellion and established Later Qin in 384, Yao Xing was at the Former Qin capital Chang'an, and he immediately fled to his father. For the next several years, as Yao Chang fought with Former Qin and Western Yan, Yao Xing was often entrusted with guarding the base of operations (initially Beidi (北地, in modern Tongchuan, Shaanxi), later Chang'an after Western Yan captured and then abandoned it), while his father engaged in campaigns. In 386, after Yao Chang declared himself emperor, he created Yao Xing crown prince. He was considered to be firm and gracious, and he spent much time studying literature despite the work necessary in maintaining home base. In 392, while Yao Chang was away on a campaign, Yao Xing, at the suggestion of the general Yao Fangcheng (姚方成), executed a number of Former Qin generals whom Yao Chang had taken captive earlier. While Yao Chang was angry on the surface, he appeared to be secretly happy that Yao Xing realized the danger that these generals posed. In 393, when the Former Qin emperor Fu Deng attacked the Later Qin vassal Dou Chong, Yao Chang, at the suggestion of the prime minister Yin Wei (尹緯), sent Yao Xing against Fu Deng, in order to establish Yao Xing's authority over the troops. Yao Xing was able to stop Fu Deng's attack on Dou fairly easily.
Around the new year 393, Yao Chang fell seriously ill. He told Yao Xing, on his death bed, to trust the several officials that he entrusted his administration with—Yin, Yao Huang (姚晃), Yao Damu (姚大目), and Di Bozhi (狄伯支). When Yao Huang asked Yao Chang for strategies to defeat Fu Deng, Yao Chang refused to answer, merely stating that he trusted that Yao Xing would be able to accomplish it. He soon died, and Yao Xing succeeded him, although initially not keeping Yao Chang's death a secret and entrusting the troops to his uncles Yao Xu (姚緒) and Yao Shuode (姚碩德) and his brother Yao Chóng (姚崇), while preparing a campaign against Former Qin.
Early reign: establishment of Later Qin as regional power
Despite Yao Xing's hopes of keeping his father's death a secret, Fu Deng received news of it anyway—and immediately prepared a major attack against Later Qin. Fu Deng had his brother Fu Guang (苻廣) defend the base of Yongcheng (雍城, in modern Baoji, Shaanxi) and Fu Chong defend the base of Hu Kong Castle (胡空堡, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi), and, in his anxiety, did not make sure that his army had sufficient water supply. Yao Xing set up his army at Mawei (馬嵬, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi) to prevent Former Qin forces from reaching the river near Mawei, and Former Qin forces were stricken by thirst, but still fought harder. Yao Xing initially ordered Yin to be cautious, but Yin, realizing the trouble the Former Qin forces were already in and believing that morale would be destroyed if he undertook a cautious strategy, fought back fervently, and the Former Qin forces collapsed. Upon hearing the defeat, Fu Deng's brother Fu Guang (苻廣) and son Fu Chong abandoned the two bases that they were holding, and Fu Deng was unable to recapture them. He then sought help from the King of Western Qin, Qifu Gangui, who sent a relief force headed by Qifu Yizhou (乞伏益州). As Fu Deng sought to join up with Qifu Yizhou, Yao Xing ambushed and captured him, and then executed him. He disbanded Fu Deng's troops and gave Fu Deng's Empress Li to Yao Huang. Fu Deng's crown prince Fu Chong would assume imperial title and attempt to resist Later Qin a few months longer, but later in the year died in battle against Western Qin after Qifu Gangui turned against him, ending Former Qin. Later Qin assumed nearly all of Former Qin's remaining territory. Around the new year 395, Later Qin established peace with Later Yan, thus obviating likelihood of war on the eastern border—although later in 395, when Later Yan's crown prince Murong Bao carried out a disastrous campaign against Northern Wei's King Tuoba Gui, Later Qin sent a relief force to aid Northern Wei, although Later Qin forces did not actually engage Later Yan. Further, in 397, with Later Yan under heavy attack by Northern Wei after its founding emperor Murong Chui died and was replaced by Murong Bao, Later Qin refused to provide aid to Later Yan.
Later in 397, Empress Dowager She died. Yao Xing was described to be in such great mourning that he was unable to handle matters of state for some time. After that had passed, however, he continued to wear mourning clothes.
Overall, during this period, Yao Xing was described by historians as diligent and willing to listen to different opinions, ruling the empire efficiently. He engaged in a number of campaigns on the various borders, enlarging Later Qin's territories and influence.
In 399, Yao Xing sent his brother Yao Chóng the Duke of Qi and the general Yang Foxong (楊佛嵩) to attack the important Jin city of Luoyang, and in winter 399 captured Luoyang and the surrounding cities.
Also in 399, Yao Xing, in response to astrological signs that were considered signs of disaster, stopped claiming the title of emperor, instead using the title "Heavenly King" (Tian Wang), to show humility to the gods. He also accordingly demoted his officials and noble by one rank.
In 400, Yao Xing sent his uncle Yao Shuode the Duke of Longxi to launch a major attack against Western Qin. Despite Western Qin's initial success in cutting of Yao Shuode's supply line, Yao Xing himself led a force to aid yao Shuode, defeating Western Qin's king Qifu Gangui in battle, nearly capturing Qifu Gangui's entire army and proceeding to take most of Western Qin's cities. Qifu Gangui himself surrendered to Southern Liang's king Tufa Lilugu, thus temporarily ending Western Qin's existence. In fall 400, believing that he was being suspected by Tufa Lilugu, Qifu Gangui fled from Southern Liang and surrendered to Later Qin. Yao Xing created him the Marquess of Guiyi and, in 401, took the unusual action of giving Qifu Gangui his army back and ordering him to defend his old capital Wanchuan (苑川, in modern Baiyin, Gansu), and while Qifu Gangui was in name a Later Qin general, he acted independently at times.
Later in 401, Yao Xing, under suggestion from Yao Shuode, launched a major attack against Later Liang. To avoid conflict, Tufa Lilugu ordered Southern Liang forces to yield a path for Later Qin forces, and Yao Shuode therefore easily reached the Later Liang capital Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu), putting the city under siege. Southern Liang, Northern Liang, and Western Liang all sent messengers submitting as vassals. After two months of siege, Later Liang's emperor Lü Long also submitted as a vassal, and was given the title Duke of Jiankang, although he remained in control of Guzang and continued to use the Heavenly King title internally as well. Northern Liang's duke Juqu Mengxun became so apprehensive that he offered to yield his territory and relocate his entire army into Later Qin proper, but later reneged on the promise, although he remained Later Qin vassal for years. (Despite their status as Later Qin vassals, however, the various Liang states continued to battle against each other.)
Middle reign: entrenchment and stagnation
Around the new year 402, Northern Wei attacked the Later Qin vassal Mo Yigan (沒奕干), and this led to the breakdown of relations between Northern Wei and Later Qin. When Northern Wei's Emperor Daowu (Tuoba Gui) sought marriage with Later Qin, Yao Xing, because of this and because he heard that Emperor Daowu already had Empress Murong as his wife, refused. In summer 402, Yao Xing personally led a major attack against Northern Wei, which had by this point taken over nearly all of Later Yan's territory north of the Yellow River. In fall 402, Yao Xing's forward commander Yao Ping (姚平) the Duke of Yiyang was surrounded by Northern Wei's Emperor Daowu at Chaibi (柴壁, in modern Linfen, Shanxi), and despite counterattacks by both Yao Ping and Yao Xing, the Northern Wei siege became increasingly tighter, and in winter 402, Yao Ping and his army were captured following a failed attempt to break out, ending Yao Xing's campaign against Northern Wei.
Also in 402, Yao Xing created his concubine Consort Zhang empress. He also created his son Yao Hong as crown prince and other sons as dukes. (Yao Xing had long wanted to create Yao Hong, described as kind, loving, and studious, as crown prince, but hesitated because Yao Hong was also regarded as having a weak personality and prone to illnesses.)
Around this time, Yao Xing also appeared to have become a devout Buddhist, under the influence of the monk Kumarajiva. This appeared to have a major influence on his actions later on—as he appeared to avoid decisive actions that may lead to many deaths, while trying to act gently toward his enemies. This had an unfortunately deleterious effect on his empire, which, for the most part, stopped expanding. In 405, he gave Kumaraijiva an honorific title, treating him like a god, and often led his officials in listening to Kumaraijiva's sermons. At his request, Kumarajiva translated more than 300 sutras into Chinese. Yao Xing also built many towers and temples. Because of his influence, it was described that 90% of the population became Buddhists.
In 403, with his Later Liang state continuously under attack by Northern Liang and Southern Liang, Lü Long surrendered the Guzang region—the only territory still remaining under Later Liang control—to Later Qin, thus ending Later Liang. Yao Xing moved Lü Long and his clan to Chang'an and made him and his brother Lü Chao (呂超) officials. However, because Northern Liang and Southern Liang were only nominal vassals, Guzang was effectively a lone island of Later Qin control. In 404, Southern Liang's king Tufa Rutan (Tufa Lilugu's brother) stopped claiming kingly title and using his own era name, in a further showing of submission to Later Qin, although internally he remained effectively independent.
In 405, at the request of the Jin general Liu Yu, Yao Xing returned 12 commanderies that had switched their allegiance from Jin to Later Qin during the Jin civil war from 398 to 405, despite his officials' opposition. (This gesture, however, would not be reciprocated by Liu, who would destroy Later Qin after Yao Xing's death.)
In 406, in response to Tufa Rutan's tribute of 3,000 horses and 30,000 sheep, Yao Xing became so touched that he yielded Guzang to Tufa Rutan, thus ending Later Qin's actual control of the Guzang region.
In 407, believing that Qifu Gangui was becoming difficult to control, when Qifu Gangui arrived in Chang'an for an official visit, he detained Qifu Gangui to be a civilian official, while giving command of Qifu Gangui's army to Qifu Gangui's heir apparent, Qifu Chipan.
Later in 407, Later Qin and Northern Wei agreed to peace—returning previously captured generals to each other. The Later Qin general Liu Bobo (who would later change his name to Helian Bobo), who was then in charge of Shuofang (朔方, in modern Ordos, Inner Mongolia), because his father Liu Weichen (劉衛辰) had been killed by Northern Wei forces in 391, became angry and declared a rebellion, establishing Xia. Liu Bobo used guerrilla tactics against Later Qin, wearing Later Qin's armies and cities down. From this point on, Later Qin began to decline.
Late reign: gradual weakening of Later Qin
In 407, Murong Chao, the emperor of Southern Yan, whose mother and wife were then in Later Qin, requested to have them delivered to Southern Yan. Yao Xing agreed to do so if Murong Chao would agree to be a vassal and either deliver Former Qin palatial musicians (who were taken by Western Yan and eventually passed through Later Yan and then Southern Yan) or 1,000 Jin citizens to Later Qin, before his request would be agreed. Murong Chao agreed to yield as vassal, and delivered the musicians to Later Qin. Yao Xing then delivered his mother and wife to him, along with gifts.
Also in 407, Qiao Zong, who had taken control of Jin's Yi Province (modern Chongqing and Sichuan) and declared himself the King of Chengdu, became a Later Qin vassal.
In 408, noticing that Southern Liang was under severe attack by its neighbors (including having suffered a terrible defeat to Xia in 407), Yao Xing launched a campaign to try to destroy Southern Liang, despite opposition by his official Wei Zong (韋宗), who felt that Tufa Rutan would not be defeated easily. He commissioned his son Yao Bi (姚弼) the Duke of Guangping along with Qifu Gangui and Lian Cheng (斂成) to attack Southern Liang, while simultaneously commission Qi Nan (齊難) to attack Xia. Both ventures ended badly. Yao Bi and later Yao Xian (姚顯) the Duke of Changshan were defeated by Tufa Rutan, and Yao Xing was forced to agree to a new peace with Southern Liang while having lost prestige based on the defeat. Even more disastrous was the Qi's mission, however, as Qi fell into a trap laid by Liu Bobo and was captured with his entire army, causing all of modern northern Shaanxi to fall into Xia hands. Later in 408, Tufa Rutan effectively repudiated his vassal status by again claiming the title King of Liang (instead of the Later Qin-created title of Duke of Guangwu) and changing era name.
Around this time, there also began to be increasing tendencies by Yao Xing's brothers and sons to plot to take over power. For example, in 409, his brother Yao Chōng (姚沖, note different tone than another brother) tried to force Di Bozhi to join him in a plot to attack Chang'an, and when Di refused, poisoned Di to death, but was discovered later and forced to commit suicide.
Also in 409, Qifu Gangui escaped and returned to Wanchuan to join his son Qifu Chipan. He soon redeclared independence and reestablished Western Qin as its king. He soon launched several campaigns against Later Qin and inflicted substantial damage, although he would apologize in 411 and again declared himself a Later Qin vassal. Later that year, however, he resumed his attacks.
Later in 409, the Jin general Liu Yu launched a major attack on Southern Yan, which sought aid from Later Qin. Initially, Yao Xing sent messengers to try to persuade Liu Yu to withdraw, and also sent a relief force commanded by Yao Qiang (姚強), but was forced to withdraw Yao Qiang's force when he suffered a major loss at Liu Bobo's hands and was nearly captured. Without aid from Later Qin, Southern Yan fell to Jin in early 410.
Later in 410, at Qiao Zong's request, Yao Xing sent an army commanded by Gou Lin (苟林) to join Qiao Zong's army, commanded by Huan Qian (桓謙) and Qiao Daofu (譙道福) to attack Jin's Jing Province (荊州, modern Hunan and central Hubei). However, Liu Yu's brother Liu Daogui (劉道規) defeated both armies, killing Huan Qian and forcing Gou to flee.
As of 411, Yao Bi, who was greatly favored by Yao Xing, was deep into a conspiracy to try to undermine the crown prince Yao Hong.
In 412, Qifu Gangui was assassinated by his nephew Qifu Gongfu (乞伏公府), the son of the founding king Qifu Guoren. Many Later Qin officials try to persuade Yao Xing to take the opportunity, as Qifu Gongfu and Qifu Chipan battled for control of the state, to attack Western Qin. Yao Xing refused, believing it improper to attack a state that was still mourning.
Also in 412, Yao Xing created his concubine Consort Qi empress. (No historical record gave the date when Yao Xing's first empress Empress Zhang died, but presumably she had by this point.)
In 413, Liu Yu's general Zhu Lingshi (朱齡石) attacked Qiao Zong's Western Shu state and destroyed it, reannexing it to Jin. Yao Xing, although Western Shu's suzerain, was unable to aid it.
In 414, Yao Bi made several attempts to be made crown prince by having officials close to him suggesting Yao Xing to replace Yao Hong with him. Yao Xing refused, but did not rebuke Yao Bi. Yao Xing grew seriously ill that year, and Yao Bi planned a coup to take over. His brother Yao Yu revealed his plot to the other brothers Yao Yi, Yao Huang, Yao Chen, and Yao Xuan, who mobilized their own forces to be ready to attack Yao Bi if necessary. Yao Xing was forced to relieve Yao Bi of his posts, and the other sons demobilized and arrived at Chang'an for an official visit. The sons accused Yao Bi of many crimes, but Yao Xing took no further action. Indeed, in 415, Yao Bi retaliated by falsely accusing Yao Xuan of crimes, and Yao Xing arrested Yao Xuan.
In summer 415, the Jin general Sima Xiuzhi (司馬休之), having been forced to escape after Liu Yu attacked him, fled to Later Qin. Yao Xing commissioned Sima Xiuzhi with an army to let him harass Jin borders, despite warnings by his officials of a prophecy that the Simas would regain Guanzhong and the Luoyang region.
In fall 415, Yao Xing fell ill again, and Yao Bi secretly gathered forces again to plan a coup. Yao Xing found out and arrested Yao Bi, but at Yao Hong's urging did not execute him but instead released him.
In winter 415, Yao Xing sent his daughter, the Princess Xiping, to Northern Wei to be married to Emperor Daowu's son Emperor Mingyuan, in order to affirm the alliance between the two states. Emperor Mingyuan welcomed her with the ceremony due an empress. However, Princess Xiping was unable to forge a golden statue, as required by Tuoba Tribe traditions to be a sign of divine favor, to become an empress, so she was only created an imperial consort, but she was treated with the honors due an empress.
In 416, Yao Xing went on a trip to Huayin (華陰), near Chang'an, and fell ill on the trip and headed back to Chang'an. His attendant Yin Chong (尹沖) -- one of Yao Bi's supporters—planned to then assassinate Yao Hong as Yao Hong would come out of the city to welcome Yao Xing. Yao Hong's supporters received news of this and persuaded Yao Hong not to come out to welcome Yao Xing. Yin's assistant Yao Shami (姚沙彌) then tried to persuade Yin to take Yao Xing and join with Yao Bi to seize power, but Yin hesitated and did not do so. Once Yao Xing returned to the Chang'an palace, he transferred power to Yao Hong and ordered Yao Bi arrested. Meanwhile, Yao Xing's son Yao Geng'er (姚耕兒), believing that Yao Xing had died, persuaded his brother Yao Yin (姚愔) the Duke of Nanyang to start a coup, and Yao Yin joined with Yin Chong (perhaps in anticipatory support of Yao Bi's claims) to attack the palace, battling with Yao Hong's troops. Yao Xing, despite his illness, made an appearance and announced an edict ordering Yao Bi to commit suicide. As soon as Yao Yin's troops saw Yao Xing, they abandoned Yao Yin. That night, Yao Xing entrusted Yao Hong's administration to his brother Yao Shao (姚紹) the Duke of Dongping, Liang Xi (梁喜), Yin Zhao (尹昭), and Lian Manwei (斂曼嵬), and he died the next day. Yao Hong succeeded him, but he soon had to face even more challenges from his brothers and cousins as well as attacks by Xia and Jin, and by 417 Later Qin had fallen to Jin.
Era names
Huangchu (皇初 huáng chū) 394–399
Hongshi (弘始 hóng shǐ) 399–416
Personal information
Father
Yao Chang (Emperor Wucheng)
Mother
Empress She (but might be Consort Sun)
Wives
Empress Zhang (created 402)
Empress Qi (created 412)
Children
Yao Hong (姚泓), the Crown Prince (created 402), later emperor
Yao Yi (姚懿), the Duke of Taiyuan (created 402)
Yao Bi (姚弼), the Duke of Guangping (created 402, forced to commit suicide 416)
Yao Huang (姚洸), the Duke of Chenliu (created 402)
Yao Xuan (姚宣), Duke (created 402, executed by Yao Shao 416)
Yao Chen (姚諶), Duke (created 402)
Yao Yin (姚愔), the Duke of Nanyang (created 402, executed by Yao Hong 416)
Yao Pu (姚璞), the Duke of Pingyuan (created 402, executed by Liu Yu 417)
Yao Zhi (姚質), Duke (created 402)
Yao Kui (姚逵), Duke (created 402)
Yao Yu (姚裕), Duke (created 402)
Yao Guoer (姚國兒), Duke (created 402)
Yao Geng'er (姚耕兒)
Yao Huangmei (姚黃眉), Duke of Longxi of Northern Wei
Princess Xiping, concubine of Emperor Mingyuan of Northern Wei
References
Later Qin emperors
366 births
416 deaths
Former Qin people
Former Qin Buddhists
Later Qin Buddhists
Later Qin generals
5th-century Chinese monarchs
4th-century Chinese monarchs
Chinese Buddhist monarchs |
4041845 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987%20Australian%20federal%20election | 1987 Australian federal election | The 1987 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 11 July 1987, following the granting of a double dissolution on 5 June by the Governor-General Sir Ninian Stephen. Consequently, all 148 seats in the House of Representatives as well as all 76 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party, led by Prime Minister Bob Hawke, defeated the opposition Liberal Party of Australia, led by John Howard and the National Party of Australia led by Ian Sinclair. This was the first, and to date only, time the Labor Party won a third consecutive election.
Future Opposition Leader John Hewson entered parliament at this election.
Since the introduction in the previous election in 1984 of leaders' debates, this was the only election in which there was not at least one leaders' debate due to Hawke's refusal to debate Howard.
Background
The Hawke Government had been in power since the general election of 1983, and had been re-elected in the snap election of 1984, although with a decreased majority. Hawke, in partnership with Treasurer Paul Keating, had pursued an ambitiously reformist agenda over the course of his time in office, which included floating the Australian dollar, reducing tariffs on imports and completely reforming the tax system. However, the government's popularity dropped sharply throughout the course of its 1984–87 term, mostly due to a series of blunders such as its failed 'tax summit' (designed to gain support for Keating's proposed consumption tax), and declining terms of trade, which Treasurer Keating argued threatened to reduce Australia to the status of a banana republic unless tough measures were taken to correct the balance of trade.
Meanwhile, for much of the 1984–87 term, the opposition Liberal-National coalition led in the polls, leading to speculation that it could regain office in 1987. However, both coalition parties were also wracked by infighting throughout the parliament. In September 1985, Andrew Peacock, who had led the party to a surprising rebound in the 1984 general election, was replaced as leader of the Liberal party by the then Deputy Leader and Shadow Treasurer John Howard, after a botched effort to remove the latter from the Deputy Leadership and replace him with Queenslander John Moore, resulting in Peacock's resignation. Nonetheless, the party remained divided, as Howard was seen by some Liberals as being too far to the right, and these opponents of the Howard policy agenda rallied to Peacock, who was eventually sacked from the shadow ministry in March 1987, following unfortunate remarks regarding Howard by Peacock to Victorian state opposition leader Jeff Kennett in an infamous car phone conversation.
Moreover, Howard and National Party leader Ian Sinclair faced challenges from the right as well as the left of the coalition, in the form of Queensland premier Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen. Premier since 1968, Bjelke-Petersen was a hardline conservative who aggressively opposed the "socialist" Hawke Labor government, and believed that he could transfer the style of politics that had served him so well in his native Queensland to the federal stage. Following a decisive electoral victory in Queensland in 1986, the so-called Joh for Canberra campaign began in earnest, supported by much of the Queensland business establishment (the infamous "white shoe brigade"), with Bjelke-Petersen announcing that he intended to run for the Prime Ministership on 1 January 1987. At the end of February 1987, the Queensland National Party decided to withdraw its twelve federal members of parliament from the Coalition, and demanded that federal National Party leader Ian Sinclair also withdraw because of "basic differences in taxation and other philosophies and policies" between the Liberal and National parties. Within the Queensland National Party, the party president Sir Robert Sparkes enforced support for Bjelke-Petersen, making practical opposition within the Queensland ranks unlikely. The Coalition formally split in early May, with the National Party voting to break the federal coalition, and Ian Sinclair looking increasingly impotent and unable to ensure the loyalty of National Party members. However, it was at this point that Bob Sparkes reneged on his loyalty to Bjelke-Petersen and withdrew from the campaign. With his pool of supporters steadily decreasing, the likelihood of an effective challenge to the federal Coalition from Bjelke-Petersen began to collapse. When the election was called on 27 May, Bjelke-Petersen was in the United States, and quickly decided to withdraw from his bid for federal power. However, the federal coalition had been broken, and Howard's credibility as a challenger to the Hawke government had been severely damaged.
Campaign
The 1987 federal election was called 6 months early by Prime Minister Hawke to capitalise on the aforementioned disunity in the opposition. The nominal trigger for the double dissolution was the rejection of legislation for the Australia Card by the Senate, but it did not figure prominently in the campaign, and Labor Senate Leader John Button even burst into laughter when referring to it in his speech announcing the election. Caught off guard by the early election, the opposition quickly ran into difficulties when the funding for its flagship tax cut proposals was revealed to have been miscalculated by some $540 million (at the time), a mistake brought up by the Labor party and conceded by Howard. Furthermore, although the Joh for Canberra push had been abandoned, the resulting schism between the Nationals and Liberals led to several three-cornered contests and the National Party ran independent Senate tickets in every state except New South Wales. Labor therefore chose to campaign strongly on the disunity amongst the opposition parties, contrasting it with the relative unity of purpose of the Labor Government. However, aside from these issues, the 1987 campaign failed to generate great excitement on the part of the electorate, and the opposition was viewed as unlikely (particularly in view of the infighting that had recently taken place on the conservative side of politics) to be able to remove the Labor party from power. This was a view strengthened by much of the polling during the campaign, which generally showed Labor with a commanding lead. This election was the last time the Liberals and Nationals competed directly against each other in a federal election.
Results
House of Representatives results
Senate results
This was the first election in which the AEC conducted a special recount (under 1983 legislation) for the purpose of allocating three- and six-year senate terms. The recount results were not used.
Seats changing hands
Members listed in italics did not contest their seat at this election.
Analysis
Hawke led Labor to a record third successive term in government, despite finishing slightly behind the Coalition in the first-preference vote (the first time that a party had won an election in spite of this since 1969), and suffering a swing of some 0.9% to the Coalition in the two-party-preferred vote. Nonetheless, Labor's result of 86 seats was the party's highest ever (the total number of seats was expanded by 23 in 1984), and the party made particularly strong gains in Bjelke-Petersen's native Queensland, gaining four seats to bring their Queensland tally to 13 of 24 seats. The Liberals suffered a net loss of two seats, primarily due to losses in Queensland, although they did make small gains in Howard's native New South Wales and in Victoria. The federal National Party also suffered a net loss of two seats, failing to expand upon its traditional rural base and hampered by disunity within its ranks.
This was the most recent election in which every seat in the House of Representatives was won by either Labor or the Coalition. Following the election, John Howard stayed on as leader of the Liberal Party, and would eventually become Prime Minister in 1996. However, the experience of the 1987 campaign is said to have been the origin of his oft-repeated remark that, in politics, "disunity is death". Meanwhile, Hawke would go on to win a fourth-consecutive election for the Labor party, but was eventually replaced as Labor leader and Prime Minister by Paul Keating in 1991.
See also
Candidates of the Australian federal election, 1987
Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1987-1990
Members of the Australian Senate, 1987-1990
Notes
References
Bibliography
Further reading
University of WA election results in Australia since 1890
AEC 2PP vote
AustralianPolitics.com election details
Green, P. and Maley, M.,The Australian general election of 1987, Electoral Studies, Volume 7, Issue 1, April 1988, Pages 67–69.
1987 elections in Australia
Bob Hawke
Federal elections in Australia
July 1987 events in Australia |
5377758 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian%20cruiser%20Rossia | Russian cruiser Rossia | Rossia () was an armored cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy built in the 1890s. She was designed as a long-range commerce raider and served as such during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05. She was based in Vladivostok when the war broke out and made a number of sorties in search of Japanese shipping in the early months of the war without much success.
Rossia, along with the other armored cruisers of the Vladivostok Cruiser Squadron, attempted to rendezvous in the Strait of Tsushima with the main portion of the Pacific Fleet sailing from Port Arthur in August 1904, but were delayed and had to return to port without them. They encountered a Japanese squadron of four armored cruisers between them and their base shortly after they turned around. The Japanese sank the oldest Russian ship, , and damaged Rossia and during the Battle off Ulsan, but both Russian ships were repaired within two months.
After the end of the war Rossia returned to Kronstadt where she underwent a three-year refit that strengthened her armament. She was fitted with mine rails in 1914 and laid one minefield during World War I that damaged two German light cruisers. She was reconstructed beginning in late 1915 to further strengthen her armament, but played no part during the rest of the war as her crew became involved in revolutionary activities in 1917. She was taken over by the Bolsheviks in late 1917, but was put into reserve in 1918 and sold for scrap in 1922.
Design
Rossia was originally intended to be a repeat of the armored cruiser , but the Director of the Naval Ministry wanted the armor to cover more of the ship's side. However the design went through a number of changes during late 1892 and early 1893 and incorporated a number of technological advances that had recently become available. One notable change was the deletion of Ruriks sailing rig.
General characteristics
Rossia was long overall. She had a maximum beam of and a draught of . She displaced , only more than designed. Rossia was sheathed in wood and copper to reduce fouling. She was considered to be a good sea boat with a smooth roll—attributable to her tumblehome sides.
Propulsion
In an effort to extend her range, Rossia was built with an unusual machinery arrangement. One large vertical triple expansion (VTE) steam engine drove each of the outer propeller shafts while a small cruising VTE engine drove the center shaft. At full speed the center propeller had to be uncoupled as there was not enough steam to drive all three engines simultaneously; the outer propellers were uncoupled when cruising. The two main engines were designed for a total of , but they developed on trials and drove the ship to a maximum speed of . The cruising engine developed . Thirty-two Belleville water-tube boilers provided steam for the engines.
She could carry a maximum of of coal. This gave her a radius of action of at . In 1898, some of the first large warship trials of oil fuel were carried out.
Armament
Rossias main armament consisted of four 45-caliber Pattern 1892 guns, one at each end of the ship on each side, sponsoned out over the tumblehome of the ship's sides. They were protected by gun shields. The guns could be depressed to −5° and elevated to 18°. They fired projectiles at a muzzle velocity of which gave a range of at 13° elevation.
Her secondary armament consisted of sixteen /45 Pattern 1892 guns. One gun was mounted under the forecastle and another in the stern; neither gun could fire to the side. The remaining guns were mounted in hull embrasures. In their pivot mounts the guns could depress to -6° and elevate to +20°. They fired Pattern 1907 high explosive projectiles at a muzzle velocity of . This gave a range of at maximum elevation. Rossia carried 210 rounds per gun.
Defense against torpedo boats was provided by a variety of light-caliber weapons. Twelve Canet Pattern 1892 50-caliber guns were mounted in sponsons on the upper deck, protected by gun shields. The gun fired shells to a range of about at its maximum elevation of 21° with a muzzle velocity of . The rate of fire was between twelve and fifteen rounds per minute.
A total of twenty Hotchkiss guns were carried. They fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of at a rate of 20 rounds per minute to a range of . Eighteen Hotchkiss guns were also carried. They fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of at a rate of 20 rounds per minute to a range of .
Five above-water torpedo tubes were mounted. The exact type of torpedo carried likely changed over Rossias lifetime: the original fifteen-inch Whitehead torpedo only had a maximum range of at a speed of and a warhead. These were later replaced by an improved model with two speed/range settings and a warhead. Its maximum range was at a speed of .
Armor
Rossia used newly developed Harvey armor which saved considerable weight over the steel armor used by Rurik for the same amount of protection. Her waterline belt extended from the stern to short of the bow. It extended above the waterline and below the waterline. It was thick amidships, but reduced to six inches fore and abaft the machinery spaces and to at the stern. The belt tapered to a thickness of at its lower edge. It was closed off at the forward end by a transverse bulkhead. A protective deck ran forward from the bulkhead to the bow. The main armored deck was thick, but a five-inch glacis projected above it to protect the tops of the engine cylinders. The conning tower had walls thick. The funnel uptakes were protected by of armor between the lower and middle decks.
Operational history
Rossia was built by the Baltic Works in Saint Petersburg. Construction began in October 1893 although she was not formally laid down until 20 May 1895 and launched on 30 April 1896. After her launch, she was towed to Kronstadt for fitting-out, but on 26 October, she was pushed onto a sandbar by a storm. She was refloated on 15 December. Rossia entered service in late 1896 and participated in Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee Fleet Review in June 1897 at Spithead. She returned to Kronstadt to finish her trials before sailing for the Far East in October. She reached Nagasaki, Japan on 10 March 1898 and remained in the Pacific until the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904.
Russo-Japanese War
At the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Rossia was under the command of Captain Andrei Parfenovich Andreev, and was the flagship of the Vladivostok Cruiser Squadron under the overall command of Rear Admiral Karl Jessen. The other ships in the squadron were the armored cruisers and as well as the protected cruiser . The squadron made a number of sorties against Japanese shipping early in the war, but only one was reasonably successful when the transport Hitachi Maru, carrying eighteen siege howitzers and over 1000 troops intended for the siege of Port Arthur, was sunk in June 1904. On an earlier sortie in May 1904 Rossia flew an observation balloon off her quarterdeck to (unsuccessfully) locate Japanese shipping; the first use of an aerial device by a warship on the high seas during a time of war.
Battle off Ulsan
During the war the bulk of the Russian Pacific Fleet was located in Port Arthur where they were blockaded by the Japanese. On 10 August 1904 the ships at Port Arthur attempted breakout to Vladivostok, but were turned back in the Battle of the Yellow Sea. Admiral Jessen was ordered to rendezvous with them, but the order was delayed and his ships had to raise steam, so he did not sortie until the evening of 13 August. Bogatyr had been damaged earlier when she grounded and did not sail with the squadron. By dawn he had reached the island of Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait between Korea and Japan. He turned back for Vladivostok when he failed to see any ships from the Port Arthur squadron. north of the island he encountered the Japanese squadron commanded by Vice Admiral Kamimura Hikonojō tasked to patrol the Tsushima Strait. The Japanese force had four modern armored cruisers, , , , and . The two squadrons had passed during the night without spotting the other and each had reversed course around first light. This put the Japanese ships astride the Russian route to Vladivostok.
Admiral Jessen turned to the northeast when he spotted the Japanese at 5:00 a.m. and they followed suit, albeit on a slightly converging course. Both sides opened fire around 05:23 at a range of . The Japanese ships concentrated their fire on Rurik, the rear ship of the Russian formation. She was hit fairly quickly and began to fall astern of the other two ships. Admiral Jessen turned southeast in an attempt to open the range, but this blinded the Russian gunners and prevented any of their broadside guns from bearing on the Japanese. About 06:00 Admiral Jessen turned 180° to starboard in an attempt to reach the Korean coast and to allow Rurik to rejoin the squadron. Admiral Kamimura followed suit around 06:10, but turned to port, which opened the range between the squadrons. Azuma developed engine problems around this time so the Japanese squadron slowed to conform with her best speed. Firing recommenced at 06:24 and Rurik was hit three times in the stern, flooding her steering compartment so that she had to be steered with her engines. Her speed continued to decrease, further exposing her to Japanese fire, and her steering jammed to port around 06:40.
Admiral Jessen made another 180° turn in an attempt to interpose his two ships between the Japanese and Rurik, but the latter ship suddenly turn to starboard and increased speed and passed between Jessen's ships and the Japanese. Admiral Kamimura turned 180° as well so that both squadrons were heading southeast on parallel courses, but Admiral Jessen quickly made another 180° turn so that they headed on opposing courses. Iwate was hit around this time which knocked out three six-inch and one twelve-pounder guns, killing 32 and wounding 43. The Japanese squadron opened the range again when it made a 180° another turn to port. The Russians reversed course for the third time around 07:45 in another attempt to support Rurik although Rossia was on fire herself. Her fires were extinguished about twenty minutes later. Admiral Kamimura circled Rurik to the south at 08:00 and allowed the other two Russian ships to get to his north and gave them an uncontested route to Vladivostok. Despite this, Admiral Jessen turned back once more at 08:15 and ordered Rurik to make her own way back to Vladivostok before turning north at his maximum speed, about .
About this time Admiral Kamimura's two elderly protected cruisers, and were approaching from the south. Their arrival allowed Kamimura to pursue Jessen with all of his armored cruisers. They fought a running battle with the Russians for the next hour and a half; scoring enough hits on them to force their speed down to . Azumas engines again broke down during this chase and she was replaced in the line by Tokiwa. The Japanese closed to a minimum of about , but Admiral Kamimura then opened the range up to .
About 10:00 Kamimura's gunnery officer erroneously informed him that Izumo had expended three-quarters of her ammunition and he turned back after a five-minute rapid-fire barrage. He did not wish to leave the Tsushima Strait unguarded and thought that he could expend his remaining ammunition on Rurik. By this time she had been sunk by Naniwa and Takachiho which had closed to of Rurik in order to finish her off. They had radioed Admiral Kamimura that she was sunk, but he did not receive the message. Shortly after the Japanese turned back Gromoboi and Rossia were forced to heave-to to make repairs.
Rossia suffered only 44 dead and 156 wounded; far less than Gromobois 87 dead and 170 wounded. This was attributable to Rossias captain's policy of ordering the gun crews for his quick-firing guns on the engaged side to lay down and those on the unengaged side to go below, in contrast to the other ship keeping her light guns manned at all times. Rossia had been hit nineteen times on the starboard side of her hull and nine on her port side, plus other hits in her funnels, boats and decks. She had half of her guns knocked out and a fire caused by the ignition of excess propellant charges. Despite this number of hits, she was not badly damaged because her waterline belt was not penetrated by any hit. She was repaired within two months by the rudimentary facilities available at Vladivostok. Rossia made no further effort to interfere with Japanese shipping during the war.
Interwar period
Rossia returned to Kronstadt, arriving on 8 April 1906, where she was given a lengthy refit that was finished in 1909. Her engines and boilers were reconditioned, her mainmast was removed and she received additional six-inch guns. Six more guns in lightly armored casemates were added on the upper deck, positioned on each side in the intervals between the main-deck six-inch guns. In addition the bow gun was moved to the upper deck to allow it to fire to each side. This increased the ship's broadside by four guns.
Rossia represented Russia at King George V's Coronation Fleet Review in June 1911. She departed Kronstadt in September 1912 for a training cruise to the Canaries and the Virgin Islands, returning to the Baltic in time to visit Copenhagen in March 1913 in company with the protected cruisers and . She left for another training cruise to the Azores in September 1913 and was cruising in the Mediterranean in April 1914.
World War I
Rossia served as the flagship of the 2nd Cruiser Brigade of the Baltic Fleet during World War I. She was modified to serve as a fast minelayer with a capacity of one hundred naval mines before the war. In January 1915 she laid a minefield in company with Oleg and Bogatyr between Kiel and the Mecklenburg coast that damaged the German light cruisers and . She was reconstructed beginning in October 1915 at Kronstadt to increase her armament. Her forecastle deck was removed as well as the fore and aft six-inch guns. They were replaced by two eight-inch guns mounted on the centerline forward and another pair was mounted on the quarterdeck. These additions increased her broadside to six eight-inch, but only seven six-inch guns.
Rossias crew took an active part in the revolutionary movements in 1917 and came under control of the Soviet Red Fleet in September 1917. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Soviets to evacuate their base at Helsinki in March 1918 or have them interned by newly independent Finland even though the Gulf of Finland was still frozen over. Rossia sailed to Kronstadt in what became known as the 'Ice Voyage' and was placed into reserve shortly after her arrival. She was sold to a German company for scrapping on 1 July 1922. While being towed to Germany in the Baltic Sea, she broke free from her tow and ran aground on the Dyvelseye Shoal on the coast of Estonia on 16 October 1922. She was refloated in August 1923, towed to Kiel, and broken up.
Notes
Footnotes
References
External links
Site in English with photographs
UKonline
World War I cruisers of Russia
Naval ships of Russia
1896 ships
Cruisers of the Imperial Russian Navy
Russo-Japanese War cruisers of Russia
Maritime incidents in 1896
Maritime incidents in 1922
Ships built at the Baltic Shipyard |
4041851 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argonauta%20bottgeri | Argonauta bottgeri | Argonauta bottgeri, also known as Böttger's argonaut, is a species of pelagic octopus belonging to the genus Argonauta. The female of the species, like all argonauts, creates a paper-thin eggcase that coils around the octopus much like the way a nautilus lives in its shell (hence the name paper nautilus).
A. bottgeri is the smallest argonaut species. The eggcase rarely exceeds 50 mm in diameter, although exceptional specimens have been known to grow up to 67.0 mm. A. bottgeri is similar to Argonauta hians, but differs in having more pronounced ribs and prominent tubercles on the keel. The eggcase does not have winged protrusions as is sometimes the case with A. hians. It is generally darker than that of any other species, ranging in colour from ochre-yellow to almost black, although completely white specimens have been reported from South African waters. The eggcase is finely granulated and normally lacks the porcelain-like shine of other species.
A. bottgeri is best known from the waters off southern and eastern Africa, although it has also been reported from other parts of the Indian Ocean and from the western Pacific Ocean. The locus classicus of A. bottgeri is Mozambique.
A. bottgeri feeds primarily on pelagic molluscs, especially heteropods and pteropods, with other octopods constituting a smaller portion of the animal's diet. Females from Japanese waters have been reported to prey on the pteropod Carolina tridentata. The species is preyed on by numerous predators. A. bottgeri has been reported in the stomach contents of yellowfin tuna from the Indian Ocean.
Males of this species reach sexual maturity at a mantle length (ML) of about 7 mm, presumably the maximum size attained. Females begin to secrete an eggcase at 6.5 to 7 mm ML. Female A. bottgeri as small as 11 to 13 mm ML have been reported with hectocotyli in the mantle cavity. They mature at about half the size of Argonauta argo. Eggs are usually laid when females reach 14 or 15 mm ML, although the size at which this takes place differs across the animal's range.
It has been reported that the egg clusters of A. bottgeri can be clearly divided into three portions, each with eggs at a similar developmental stage. The first lies closest to the aperture of the eggcase and contains eggs at an early stage of development. The second is located in the middle of the mass and contains eggs at a later stage of development, ranging from the appearance of red eye pigmentation to the beginning of chromatophore formation. The third portion lies furthest from the aperture of the eggcase and consists of eggs with embryos that are ready to hatch, having a fully formed ink sac, chromatophores, and dark coloured eyes. Similar development has been observed in the egg masses of Argonauta nodosa from southern Australia. Egg laying is thought to occur at night and it has been suggested that the three stages of development may represent the products of three successive nights.
A. bottgeri is known to cling to objects floating on the surface of the sea, including other argonauts. Chains of up to 30 argonauts of similar size have been reported. The first female in such chains usually clings to some inanimate object, while the other females hold on to the ventral part of the shell of the preceding animal.
A. bottgeri is named after Oskar Boettger. The orthographic variant "Argonauta boettgeri" is sometimes encountered. A. bottgeri does not appear to have any nomenclatural synonyms. The type locality and type repository of A. bottgeri are unknown.
References
E. A. Smith (1887). Notes on Argonauta böttgeri. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 5 (20): 409-411.
External links
Tree of Life web project: Argonauta
bottgeri
Cephalopods described in 1881 |
4041855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus%20Valley%20Desert | Indus Valley Desert | The Indus Valley Desert is an almost uninhabited desert ecoregion of northern Pakistan.
Location and description
The Indus Valley desert covers an area of in northwestern Punjab Province between the Chenab and Indus rivers. The Indus Valley Desert is drier and less hospitable than the northwestern thorn scrub forests that surround it with temperatures ranging from freezing in winter to extremely hot (more than ) in summer with only of rainfall per year.
Biodiversity
Flora
The desert vegetation is quite varied due to the variety of temperatures with Khejri shrubs being the characteristic species.
Fauna
The desert is home to five large mammals: Indian wolf, striped hyena, caracal, Indian leopard and the urial (Ovis orientalis punjabensis) along with many rodents and other mammals. Meanwhile, the 190 species of bird in the desert include the red-necked falcon.
Threats and preservation
Like the nearby Thar Desert the Indus Valley desert has little farming or grazing due to its hard climate and therefore the natural habitats are almost intact. However hunting still goes on and is a threat to caracals, wolves and other mammals.
References
Deserts of Pakistan
Deserts and xeric shrublands
Ecoregions of Pakistan
Geography of Punjab, Pakistan
Indomalayan ecoregions |
4041866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/128P/Shoemaker%E2%80%93Holt | 128P/Shoemaker–Holt | 128P/Shoemaker–Holt, also known as Shoemaker-Holt 1, is a periodic comet in the Solar System. The comet passed close to Jupiter in 1982 and was discovered in 1987. The comet was last observed in March 2018.
The nucleus was split into two pieces (A+B) during the 1997 apparition. Fragment A was last observed in 1996 and only has a 79-day observation arc. Fragment B is estimated to be 4.6 km in diameter.
References
External links
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
128P/Shoemaker-Holt 1 – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
128P at Kronk's Cometography
Periodic comets
0128
Split comets
128P
128P
128P
Comets in 2017
19871018 |
4041870 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20A.%20Devine | Richard A. Devine | Richard A. Devine (born July 5, 1943) is an American attorney who served as the Cook County State's Attorney from 1996 to 2008.
Early life and education
The second of five children, he was the son of a Chicago Water Department employee. Devine grew up in Rogers Park, Chicago, and played football and basketball at Loyola Academy in Wilmette, Illinois. He attended John Carroll University for one year on a football scholarship but returned home when his father's health worsened after a stroke.
In 1966, Devine graduated from Loyola University Chicago with a Bachelor of Arts degree before earning a Juris Doctor from the Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law in 1968.
Career
Devine worked as an aide to Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley in 1968 and 1969. Devine worked then as a legal advisor to Daley from 1969 to 1972. He then served as the first assistant state's attorney's office under Richard M. Daley from 1980 to 1983. He was President of the Chicago Park District from 1990 to 1993, and a member of the court-reform commission created in the wake of the Operation Greylord.
Devine was elected in 1996 as the Cook County State's Attorney, unseating incumbent Republican Jack O'Malley in an upset victory. He served for 12 years until 2008, when he did not seek re-election. He was succeeded by Anita Alvarez.
Devine appeared in Surviving R. Kelly, a 2019 Lifetime documentary series about sexual abuse allegations against musician R. Kelly. Though the 2008 trial of Kelly occurred at the end of Devine's tenure, he did not participate in the trial.
Personal life
Devine has been married to Charlene Devine for over 50 years and they have four adult children.
References
1943 births
Living people
District attorneys in Illinois
Illinois lawyers
Politicians from Chicago
Loyola University Chicago alumni
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law alumni
Loyola University Chicago School of Law faculty |
4041888 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead%20to%20Rights%20II | Dead to Rights II | Dead to Rights II is a neo-noir third-person action video game developed by Widescreen Games, published by Namco, and released in 2005. It is a prequel to Dead to Rights. A prequel to Dead to Rights II for the PlayStation Portable, titled Dead to Rights: Reckoning, was released in June 2005.
Plot
A reputable judge Alfred McGuffin uncovers a citywide crime syndicate, and is kidnapped. The judge was a friend of Jack's father, so the cop is obligated to send a few hundred men to their graves in order to make things right. Before long, all hell breaks loose, so Jack and his K-9 cohort Shadow must take on a powerful mob in the fight of their lives to break the city's spiral of betrayal and corruption. In the end, the judge is murdered and although Jack gets the killer, goons of a high-ranking Russian crime lord named Blanchov get the judge's files. Jack's girlfriend Ruby is murdered by Blanchov and although Jack never retrieves the files (they were likely Hennesey's files from the first game), he goes after Blanchov for revenge. Jack kills Blanchov, but gets no satisfaction out of it knowing that Blanchov is just a highly placed puppet that can easily be replaced. Having lost Ruby, Jack has nothing to really live for anymore. Also he claims that who has him Dead to Rights as they got the files and he ended up with nothing.
Reception
The PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions received "mixed" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic.
References
External links
2005 video games
Action video games
Beat 'em ups
Namco games
Organized crime video games
PlayStation 2 games
Third-person shooters
Video game prequels
Video games about police officers
Video games developed in France
Video games scored by James Dooley (composer)
Windows games
Xbox games
RenderWare games
Single-player video games |
5377773 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel%20Horv%C3%A1th | Pavel Horváth | Pavel Horváth (; born 22 April 1975) is a Czech former professional footballer who played as a midfielder, and a football manager. He was in charge of Příbram.
He spent the better part of his 22-year professional career with Slavia Prague (four years), Teplice (three) and Viktoria Plzeň (seven), amassing Czech First League totals of 435 games and 78 goals during 19 seasons. He also competed professionally in Portugal, Turkey and Japan.
Horvath was a Czech international for three years.
Club career
After making his professional debut with AC Sparta Prague, Prague-born Horváth moved to lowly FK Jablonec in search of more opportunities, which led to a return to the capital with SK Slavia, scoring 27 goals in the league alone in four seasons, although the club only managed to win two national cups during that timeframe.
Horváth's exploits with Slavia earned him a transfer to Sporting Clube de Portugal, but he failed to win a place in the starting XI. Sold in January 2002 to Galatasaray S.K. alongside teammate Mbo Mpenza, he also appeared very rarely, which prompted a return home before 2001–02 was over, with FK Teplice, where he conquered the domestic cup in his first full campaign.
After three years in Japan Horváth moved back to Sparta for two more seasons, where he won the national championship for the first time in 2007, adding the 2007 and 2008 Czech Cups. Subsequently, aged 33, he signed for FC Viktoria Plzeň, netting eight times during the 2008–09 season as the club finished in eighth place.
Horváth won the domestic cup for the sixth time with his fourth different team, as he captained Viktoria to its first title in the competition in 2010. He was also named the Personality of the League at the Czech Footballer of the Year awards in that year.
Thirty-five-year-old Horváth continued to produce in the 2010–11 season, scoring eight goals in 26 games as Plzeň was crowned league champion the first time in its history.
Controversy
In September 2007, Horváth was fined 200,000 Czech koruna for apparently performing the Nazi salute during Sparta's league match against FK Viktoria Žižkov. He apologized for the incident, and said that his gesture was misinterpreted, claiming he was only trying to calm down his team's rowdies.
International career
Horváth made his debut for the Czech Republic on 9 February 1999 in a 1–0 friendly win in Belgium, going on to amass 19 caps in three years and being selected for UEFA Euro 2000, where he did not play.
His international career was vastly barred by the talent of fellow midfielders Patrik Berger, Pavel Nedvěd and Vladimír Šmicer.
Coaching career
Horváth became the manager of FC Viktoria Plzeň's U21 squad in October 2016 simultaneously with his assistant manager role for the first team of the club.
After one year as the manager of FK Baník Sokolov, Horváth returned to Viktoria Plzeň and was hired as the U21 manager again. This was announced on 4 January 2019.
On 11 March 2020 Horváth became manager of Czech First League club Příbram. On 15 March 2021, Horváth was sacked as the head coach of Příbram after series of poor results (39 matches, 8 wins, 5 draws, 19 losses) with team on last place of league table.
Career statistics
Club
Sources:
Notes
International
Source:
Honours
Club
Slavia Prague
Czech Cup: 1996–97, 1998–99
Sporting
Primeira Liga: 2001–02
Teplice
Czech Cup: 2002–03
Sparta Prague
Czech First League: 2006–07
Czech Cup: 2006–07, 2007–08
Viktoria Plzeň
Czech First League: 2010–11, 2012–13, 2014–15
Czech Cup: 2009–10
Czech Supercup: 2011
References
External links
Viktoria Plzeň official profile
Czech people of Hungarian descent
1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Prague
Czech footballers
Czech football managers
Association football midfielders
Czech First League players
AC Sparta Prague players
FK Jablonec players
SK Slavia Prague players
FK Teplice players
FC Viktoria Plzeň players
Primeira Liga players
Sporting CP footballers
Süper Lig players
Galatasaray S.K. footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Vissel Kobe players
Czech Republic under-21 international footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
UEFA Euro 2000 players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in Japan
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Japan
FK Baník Sokolov managers
1. FK Příbram managers
Czech First League managers |
5377774 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema%20Engineering | Systema Engineering | Systema Engineering is a Japanese manufacturer of airsoft internal parts, and airsoft gun replicas of real firearms for use as a safe, low cost substitute in simulated live fire training.
Products
M16A1
M16A2
M16A3
M16A3 Burst
M16A4
M4A1
M4A1 CQBR
M4 Burst
M733 Limited Edition
PTW89 (Based on Howa Type 89)
PTW5A4 (Based on HK MP5A4)
References
External links
Systema PTW User Group, PTW User Group.
Systema MIL/LE PTW SHOT SHOW 2009, 2009 Shot Show Interview MIL/LE Product.
Systema PTW Club, Thailand User Group, Systema PTW Thailand User Group.
Systema PTW Club, Russian User Group, Systema PTW Russian User Group.
Airsoft
Manufacturing companies of Japan |
5377788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicarbazone | Semicarbazone | In organic chemistry, a semicarbazone is a derivative of imines formed by a condensation reaction between a ketone or aldehyde and semicarbazide. They are classified as imine derivatives because they are formed from the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with the terminal -NH2 group of semicarbazide, which behaves very similarly to primary amines.
Formation
For ketones
H2NNHC(=O)NH2 + RC(=O)R → R2C=NNHC(=O)NH2
For aldehydes
H2NNHC(=O)NH2 + RCHO → RCH=NNHC(=O)NH2
For example, the semicarbazone of acetone would have the structure (CH3)2C=NNHC(=O)NH2.
Properties and uses
Some semicarbazones, such as nitrofurazone, and thiosemicarbazones are known to have anti-viral and anti-cancer activity, usually mediated through binding to copper or iron in cells. Many semicarbazones are crystalline solids, useful for the identification of the parent aldehydes/ketones by melting point analysis.
A thiosemicarbazone is an analog of a semicarbazone which contains a sulfur atom in place of the oxygen atom.
See also
Carbazone
Carbazide
Thiosemicarbazone
References
External links
Compounds Containing a N-CO-N-N or More Complex Group
Functional groups
Semicarbazones |
5377792 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium%20chloride | Titanium chloride | Titanium chloride may refer to:
Titanium tetrachloride (titanium(IV) chloride), TiCl
Titanium trichloride (titanium(III) chloride), TiCl
Titanium dichloride (titanium(II) chloride), TiCl |
5377793 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20flow%20meter | Air flow meter | An air flow meter is a device that measures air flow, i.e. how much air is flowing through a tube. It does not measure the volume of the air passing through the tube, it measures the mass of air flowing through the device per unit time. Thus air flow meters are simply an application of mass flow meters for a special medium. Typically, mass air flow measurements are expressed in the units of kilograms per second (kg/s).
In automobiles
In industrial environments
Air flow meters monitor air (compressed, forced, or ambient) in many manufacturing processes.
In many industries, preheated air (called "combustion air") is added to boiler fuel just before fuel ignition to ensure the proper ratio of fuel to air for an efficient flame. Pharmaceutical factories and coal pulverizers use forced air as a means to force particle movement or ensure a dry atmosphere. Air flow is also monitored in mining and nuclear environments to ensure the safety of people.
See also
Anemometer
List of sensors
Mass flow sensor
:Category:Engines
:Category:Engine fuel system technology
Thermal mass flow meter
References
External links
Miata.net, Repair broken Air Flow Meter, by Zach Warner, 2 January, 2009
Clarks garage, AFM shop manual, Air Flow Meter (AFM) Operation and Testing, 1998
Auto shop 101, AFM sensor
Spitzer, David W. (1990), Industrial Flow Measurement,
Flow meters
Engine fuel system technology
ja:エアフロメーター |
5377794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanderford%20Valley | Vanderford Valley | Vanderford Valley (Other English names: Vanderford Strath, Vanderford Submarine Valley Hungarian Vanderford-selfvölgy) () is an undersea valley, named in association with the Vanderford Glacier, which reaches a depth of 2287 m (7,503 ft). This may be the deepest glacier-carved valley in the world.
External links
Glacial geomorphology
Valleys of Antarctica
Landforms of Wilkes Land |
5377806 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lud%C4%9Bk%20Macela | Luděk Macela | Luděk Macela (3 October 1950 – 16 June 2016) was a Czech football player. He played eight matches for the Czechoslovakia national football team.
He was a participant in the 1980 Olympic Games, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal.
Macela played mostly for Dukla Prague and won the Czechoslovak First League three times with them, in 1977, 1979 and 1982.
References
External links
1950 births
2016 deaths
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dukla Prague footballers
SV Darmstadt 98 players
Footballers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Czechoslovakia
Olympic footballers of Czechoslovakia
Olympic medalists in football
Czechoslovak expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
2. Bundesliga players
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Association football defenders
People from Prague-West District
Sportspeople from the Central Bohemian Region |
5377827 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsuyuki%20Kiyomiya | Katsuyuki Kiyomiya | is a notable Japanese rugby union coach, formerly of Waseda University RFC (2001–06) and now (since 2006) of Suntory Sungoliath. Many in Japan had hoped he would coach the national side in the future however after he criticized the then current coach Eddie Jones in August 2015 support has dramatically dropped. He is the father of Japanese baseball prodigy, Kotaro Kiyomiya.
Early life
He was born in Osaka prefecture on July 25, 1967 and after a juvenile delinquent period was advised to play rugby to give his life some direction by a junior high school teacher. Since that time he has been interested in, and passionate about, education. (He has also founded the WASEDA CLUB NPO in Tokyo to encourage the interest of children in many sports, and the Oku-Inoue Fund for the children of Iraq.)
Player
He played for All-Japan High Schools and captained the team in his third year at Matta high school in Osaka. He attended Waseda University and played rugby there and won the university championship when captain in his fourth year at the university. His position was flanker or No. 8.
After graduation he started work at the Suntory beverage company in 1995 and played rugby for them. He is not able to drink alcohol.
Coach
From 2001-2006, he was a very successful coach of Waseda University Rugby Football Club leading them to three university championships in five years, including successive championships in 2005 and 2006, and he has now returned to Suntory Sungoliath in the Top League as their full-time professional head coach.
In his first season as coach of Sungoliath his team was second in the league behind Toshiba Brave Lupus, after losing narrowly 10-12 to their Fuchu city rivals in a 'Fuchu derby'. In the Microsoft Cup Final 2007, Suntory lost on the last play of the game after injury time had finished. The final score was 13-14 in favour of Toshiba.
After a game against Yamaha in September of the 2006 Top League season which Suntory lost, Kiyomiya used the term "necessary loss" in his blog, by which he meant that it was a game Suntory had to lose for the team to be in a position to challenge for the league and championship. This concept has also been adopted by John Kirwan in coaching Japan at RWC 2007.
In the opening game of the 2007-8 season Kiyomiya's Suntory gained revenge, beating Toshiba 10-3 on October 26, 2007 under lights at Chichibunomiya. After the game coach Kiyomiya declared that his team would win all the remaining league games and the championship. They in fact lost two and drew one, but won the fifth Microsoft Cup and so became champions of the Top League for the first time in 2007-08.
In 2011, he became head coach of Yamaha Júbilo.
Notable Victories
On February 12, 2006 Coach Kiyomiya's Waseda defeated Toyota Verblitz, a team which included stars such as Troy Flavell and Filo Tiatia in the 43rd Japan Championships. This was the first time ever that a university team had defeated a Top League team, though Waseda also defeated Toshiba, a company team, when Mr. Kiyomiya was a student player.
On February 24, 2008 Suntory Sungoliath coached by Kiyomiya-san defeated Sanyo Wild Knights in the final of the Microsoft Cup to become the champions of the 2007-08 Top League.
See also
Katsuhiko Oku
References
ULTIMATE CRUSH: Waseda University Rugby, Leadership and Building the Strongest Winning Team in Japan, by Katsuyuki Kiyomiya, translated into English by Ian Ruxton (September 2006). (preview) The original was a book by Mr. Kiyomiya published in Japanese in February 2006 entitled Kyukyoku no Shori:Ultimate Crush .
1967 births
Living people
Japanese rugby union players
Waseda University Rugby Football Club players
Japanese rugby union coaches |
5377832 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Andrew%27s%20School%20for%20Girls | St. Andrew's School for Girls | St Andrew's School for Girls is an independent Christian girls-only day and boarding school and co-educational preschool in Johannesburg, South Africa. The school has a student body of around 1100 girls. St Andrew's has been voted as Best English High School, Best Private School for Girls and Best Nursery School by the public in the popular newspaper The Star "Your Choice 2008" Poll.
History
St Andrew's School for Girls was founded in 1902 by two young Scottish women, Jean Fletcher and Jessie Johnson. Initially St Andrew's was situated in Hospital Hill in an area now called Houghton. The two Scottish women later bought Bedford Court, a large farm previously owned by a mining mogul of his time - Sir George Farrar. The house which is situated on Bedford Farm was designed by Sir Herbert Baker and still stands today as a heritage building.
The school motto, Per Angusta Ad Augusta, has the meaning 'Through trials and tribulations to glory'. The school philosophy is "Skilled for Life".
Academics
St Andrew's pupils write the Independent Examinations Board exams each year and pupils consistently achieve excellent results. The majority of students continue with tertiary education in South Africa or abroad. St Andrew’s strength lies in its staff/pupil ratio, with classes rarely exceeding 27 girls.
Sport
The school sporting facilities include
Athletics: Grass track
Diving: diving well is part of the Aquatic Centre
Hockey: Water-based Astroturf with lights
Netball: 10 courts with lights
Swimming: Aquatic Centre features an indoor 25m 10 lane pool and an indoor learn-to-swim pool
Squash: 4 courts
Tennis: 9 courts
Rowing: Train at Victoria Lake Club and row at Roodeplaat Dam
Equestrian: Girls ride at their own stables.
Golf: Girls play at Royal Johannesburg and Kensington Golf Club
St Andrew's has produced numerous national and provincial sportswomen.
Environmental responsibility
Eco School is an international programme that operates in over 40 countries worldwide. The programme is about improving environmental management at the school, as well as learning, and interaction with the broader community who share our environment is developed. Eco-Schools South Africa has specific criteria that schools need to meet within at least five years. Progress in the areas of curriculum, action and community is reviewed annually and successful schools are awarded a flag or certificate to mark their school’s eco-school status in the five-year award system. St Andrew’s joined the programme in 2006 and currently hold a Green Flag, platinum certificate (the highest level) and the International Flag.
Notable alumnae
Sheila Kohler, author
Nthati Moshesh, actress
Cathy O'Dowd, rock climber, mountaineer, author and motivational speaker
External links
Boarding schools in South Africa
Educational institutions established in 1902
Girls' schools in South Africa
Herbert Baker buildings and structures
Private schools in Gauteng
Schools in Germiston
Schools in Johannesburg
1902 establishments in South Africa |
5377846 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Paul%27s%20Square | St Paul's Square | St Paul's Square is a Georgian square in the Jewellery Quarter, Birmingham, England, named after the church in its centre. It is the last remaining Georgian Square in the city.
Built 1777–1779 on the Newhall estate of the Colmore family, it was an elegant and desirable location in the mid-nineteenth century. At the end of the nineteenth century the square was swallowed by workshops and factories, with the fronts of some buildings being pulled down to make shop fronts or factory entrances. Much restoration was done in the 1970s and many of the buildings are Grade II listed.
As well as bars, cafés and restaurants, which line the square's four sides, a number of apartment schemes have been built in the area, including a restoration of the façade of the Thomas Walker building, a former buckle maker, which fronts onto the square. St Paul's Club is situated in St Paul's Square. Formed in 1859, it is the Midlands' oldest private members club. The Royal Birmingham Society of Artists has its offices and gallery in premises just off the square.
St Paul's Square is served by St Paul's tram stop.
St Paul's Church
Designed by Roger Eykyn of Wolverhampton, building started in 1777, and the church was consecrated in 1779. It was built on land given by Charles Colmore from his Newhall estate. It was the church of Birmingham's early manufacturers and merchants - Matthew Boulton and James Watt had their own pews, which were bought and sold as commodities at that time.
It is a rectangular church, similar in appearance to St Martin in the Fields, London. The spire was added in 1823 by Francis Goodwin. The east window has an important 1791 stained-glass window designed by Benjamin West and made by Francis Eginton. It shows the Conversion of St Paul. The church is a Grade I listed building.
Gallery
References
The Jewellery Quarter - History and Guide, Marie Elizabeth Haddleton,
Pevsner Architectural Guides - Birmingham, Andy Foster, 2005,
Squares in Birmingham, West Midlands
Grade I listed buildings in the West Midlands (county)
Grade II listed buildings in Birmingham
Odonyms referring to religion |
5377853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Berger | Jan Berger | Jan Berger may refer to:
Jan Berger (footballer, born 1955), Czechoslovak association football player
Jan Berger (footballer, born 1976), Czech-Swiss association football player
Jan Berger (screenwriter) (born 1970), German screenwriter
Jan Johannis Adriaan Berger (1918–1978), Dutch politician |
5377857 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Dictionary%20of%20Maqiao | A Dictionary of Maqiao | A Dictionary of Maqiao () is a novel written by Chinese writer Han Shaogong. It was first published in 1996 and was translated into English by Julia Lovell in 2003. Yazhou Zhoukan selected it as one of the top 100 greatest Chinese novels in the 20th century.
The novel is set in Maqiao, a village in Hunan province, China. It is written in the form of a dictionary, or more accurately, encyclopedia. It collects 115 ‘articles’ on Maqiao village life from the perspective of a young student sent there by the Down to the Countryside Movement. These ‘articles’ cohere into a story.
After the book was published, some critics claimed that was an imitation of Milorad Pavić's novel, Dictionary of the Khazars. The author, Han Shaogong, claimed never to have read Pavić's work. He brought a defamation case against the critics and won this case in 1999 at Haikou.
References
External links
Complete Review of A Dictionary of Maqiao
Novels about the Cultural Revolution
1996 Chinese novels
Novels set in the 1960s
Novels set in Hunan |
5377861 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Three%20Stooges%20Meet%20Hercules | The Three Stooges Meet Hercules | The Three Stooges Meet Hercules is a 1962 American comedy fantasy film directed by Edward Bernds. It is the third feature film to star the Three Stooges after their 1959 resurgence in popularity. By this time, the trio consisted of Moe Howard, Larry Fine, and Joe DeRita (dubbed "Curly Joe"). Released by Columbia Pictures, The Three Stooges Meet Hercules was directed by long-time Stooges director Edward Bernds. It was the most financially successful of the Stooges' feature films.
Plot
The Stooges work at Dimsal's Drug Store in Ithaca, New York, where they befriend their eccentric next-door neighbor Schuyler Davis (Quinn Redeker), who is attempting to build a time machine. With the boys' "help", the machine transports the boys, Schuyler and disaffected girlfriend Diane Quigley (Vicki Trickett) back in time to Ithaca in ancient Greece during the reign of the lecherous King Odius (George N. Neise). The King, after defeating and imprisoning Ulysses because the Stooges are believed to be gods, has a yearning for Diane. Realizing they have disrupted the proper course of history, Schuyler and the boys free Ulysses, after which Odius banishes them to the galleys. However, the constant rowing causes Schuyler to become extremely muscular and superhumanly strong, equal to Hercules.
After an escape and shipwreck, they kill a monster Siamese Cyclops with the help of Joe's sleeping pills and start billing Schuyler as Hercules at a local gladiatorial arena. The real Hercules (Samson Burke) gets wind of their game and confronts them, but after single combat, Schuyler convinces Hercules to help them rescue Diane in a chariot chase. The time travelers remove Odius and, navigating by observing the progress of military technology, manage to set history straight by dumping him off into the Wild West where a tribe of American Indian warriors chases him off into the distance. After that, the travelers return to Dimsal's Drug Store. Dimsal touches the time machine and disappears, but eventually returns locked inside a pillory. An interesting time travel twist - an entire different story happened off screen - and the audience understood the "plot" without being shown a frame. The Stooges manage to remove the pillory with an electric tool.
Cast
Moe Howard as Moe
Larry Fine as Larry
Joe DeRita as Curly Joe
Quinn Redeker as Schuyler Davis
Vicki Trickett as Diane Quigley
George N. Neise as Ralph Dimsal/King Odius
Samson Burke as Hercules
Emil Sitka as Shepherd/Refreshment Man
Hal Smith as King Theseus Of Rhodes
Marlin McKeever as Ajax (The Siamese Cyclops)
Mike McKeever as Argo (The Siamese Cyclops)
John Cliff as Ulysses
Barbara Hines as Anita
Terry Huntingdon as Hecuba
Diana Piper as Helen
Gregg Martell as Simon
Gene Roth as harbor captain
Lewis Charles as Achilles the Heel
Edward Foster as Freddie the Fence
Cecil Elliott as matron
Rusty Wescoatt as Philo, the Horator
Production notes
The Three Stooges Meet Hercules was filmed over 13 days on June 6–22, 1961. The film marked the return of director Edward Bernds, who had worked with Stooges during the Shemp Howard era and was recruited to help revive several proven routines from the past. Bernds later commented, "The team wasn't the same. They were older and I had to remind myself to be careful with them. I didn't want them to have a heart attack in the middle of a scene. If they had to run up a flight of stairs, I'd cut to something and jump to them at the top of the stairs." Bernds also commented on working with new third Stooge, Joe DeRita: "[Joe DeRita] wasn't quite the typical Stooge, he wasn't quite as willing to be hurt as Curly was or even Shemp. And Moe was very considerate of him and Joe DeRita was a little temperamental and didn't like to be hurt. Moe took pains to make sure that Joe wasn't hurt the way Larry was, for instance, or the way Shemp used to be. He didn't get slapped as much. We had to use doubles more for Joe DeRita than we did Shemp or Curly."
Injury
Larry Fine sustained an injury that landed him in Cedars-Sinai Medical Center when filming a scene that involved climbing aboard a parked chariot. The 300-pound DeRita lost his grip and fell directly on top of Fine, knocking him unconscious. Fine was rushed to the hospital and quickly discharged when deemed fit enough to return to work. It was during Fine's brief hospital stay that he was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, which he controlled by resisting foods containing sugar for the remainder of his life (Fine died in January 1975).
Reception
Moe Howard expressed his fondness for the film in 1973, stating "Of course Hercules I liked very much. Especially when we were in the slave ship. We had a great special effects team on that."
See also
List of American films of 1962
References
External links
The Three Stooges Meet Hercules at threestooges.net
1962 films
1960s fantasy-comedy films
American fantasy-comedy films
American black-and-white films
Columbia Pictures films
1960s English-language films
Films based on classical mythology
Films about time travel
The Three Stooges films
Films directed by Edward Bernds
American slapstick comedy films
Films scored by Paul Dunlap
Films about Heracles
1962 comedy films
1960s American films |
5377865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail%20Ivanovich%20Popov | Mikhail Ivanovich Popov | Mikhail Ivanovich Popov () (1742, Yaroslavl – circa 1790) was a Russian writer, poet, dramatist and opera librettist of the 18th century.
Biography
Born into a merchant family, he was a pupil of Fyodor Volkov. After 1757 he was an actor at the Court Theatre in St Petersburg. He entered Moscow University in 1765, and began to translate comedies from German and French. He wrote a collection of lyrics called “Songs” (1765). In 1771 he published Slavenskie drevnosti, ili Priklyucheniya slavenskikh knyazei [Slavic antiquities, or Adventures of Slavic princes], an adventure novel with "traditional stock subjects from European chivalric novels that have been given an ancient Slavic coloration"; it was very popular, being republished three times by 1794.
During 1771–1772 he translated the poem Gerusalemme Liberata (Jerusalem Delivered) by Torquato Tasso. Together with Mikhail Chulkov, he published a collection of Russian folk songs. His own collection of songs, Russian Erota or the Collection of the Best and Newest Russian Songs (Российская Эрота, или Выбор наилучших новейших русских песен), was published posthumously in 1791. Popov wished to popularize Slavic mythology, which had been largely forgotten in Russia in his time, as a more patriotic alternative to Greek and Roman mythology. To this end, he conducted some rather inaccurate research and wrote the essay, Описание древнеславянского баснословия (The Description of Ancient Slavic Fable-writing, 1768). He included this essay in the collection of his poems, translations and plays called Dosugi (Досуги – Lesure Hours), published at the request of Empress Catherine II. This collection also contained his famous libretto to the opera Anyuta.
Opera librettist
He wrote a few librettos for comic operas and was especially celebrated for the text of the one-act opera Anyuta, which was given at the (Chinese Theatre, Tsarskoye Selo, September 6 [OS August 26] 1772). The music was a selection of popular songs specified in the libretto. The story is about a girl called Aniuta, brought up in a peasant household, who turns out to be of noble birth, and the story of her love for a nobleman, Victor, which eventually ends happily with wedding bells. The music hasn’t survived, and the composer is unknown, although it is sometimes attributed to Vasily Pashkevich or even to Yevstigney Fomin, who at that time was just 11 years old.
Notes
Bibliography
Polovtsev, A.A. Russian Biographical Dictionary (Русский биографический словарь А.А.Половцова) published 1896-1918.
Iurii Vladimirovich Stennik, "Mikhail Ivanovich Popov," in Marcus C. Levitt, Early Modern Russian Writers: Late Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Gale Research, 1995; ), pp. 308–312.
External links
Biography 1
Biography 2
Russian Comic Opera
See also
Russian opera
1742 births
1790 deaths
People from Yaroslavl
Russian writers
Russian male poets
Russian opera librettists
Russian dramatists and playwrights
Russian male dramatists and playwrights
Researchers of Slavic religion
Imperial Moscow University alumni |
5377868 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral%20district%20of%20Ballarat%20West | Electoral district of Ballarat West | The Electoral district of Ballarat West (initially spelt Ballaarat West) was an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly in Australia. It existed from 1859–1927 and from 1992–2014.
The original seat was created for the second election to the Legislative Assembly in 1859. In 1927, it was merged with Ballaarat East to form a single Ballaarat electorate.
Its second implementation occurred in 1992, when it replaced Ballarat North. Unlike Ballarat East, which had a rural character, Ballarat West was mostly urban, and included much of Ballarat proper and its southern and western suburbs.
The seat was replaced by Wendouree in 2014.
Members for Ballarat West
Three members from 1877 to 1889.
Election results
See also
Parliaments of the Australian states and territories
List of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly
References
Parliament of Victoria, Re-member
External links
Electorate profile: Ballarat West District, Victorian Electoral Commission
Former electoral districts of Victoria (Australia)
Ballarat
1859 establishments in Australia
1992 establishments in Australia
1927 disestablishments in Australia
2014 disestablishments in Australia |
4041902 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981%20in%20Swedish%20football | 1981 in Swedish football | The 1981 season in Swedish football, starting January 1981 and ending December 1981:
Honours
Official titles
Competitions
Promotions, relegations and qualifications
Promotions
Relegations
International qualifications
Domestic results
Allsvenskan 1981
Allsvenskan qualification play-off 1981
Division 2 Norra 1981
Division 2 Södra 1981
Division 2 qualification play-off 1981
1st round
2nd round
Svenska Cupen 1980–81
Final
National team results
Notes
References
Print
Online |
5377885 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jozef%20Barmo%C5%A1 | Jozef Barmoš | Jozef Barmoš (born 28 August 1954) is a former Slovak football coach and former player. He played in defence for Czechoslovakia, and won 52 international caps.
After winning the European Championships in 1976, Barmoš played for Czechoslovakia at both Euro 80 and Espana 82. At the latter tournament, he scored an own goal as the Czechoslovaks lost 2–0 to England in Bilbao, during the first round of the competition.
He managed the Slovak U21 national team, Žilina and Inter Bratislava.
References
Profile at Hall of Fame Dukla Praha website
1954 births
Living people
People from Šurany
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
1982 FIFA World Cup players
Slovak footballers
UEFA Euro 1976 players
UEFA Euro 1980 players
UEFA European Championship-winning players
FK Inter Bratislava players
Dukla Prague footballers
Slovak football managers
MŠK Žilina managers
Slovak Super Liga managers
FK Inter Bratislava managers
Slovakia national under-21 football team managers
Association football defenders |
4041909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikki%20Jai | Rikki Jai | Rikki Jai (born Samraj Jaimungal; ) is an Indo-Trinidadian chutney and chutney-soca musician.
Career
Jai's 1988 debut single Sumintra told the tale of an Indo-Trinidadian woman from Debe who informed her boyfriend of her preference for soca over the music of Indian artist Lata Mangeshkar. Jai returned the following year with Pumping, then Bolo and Show Me Yuh Motion. His 1993 song Wine on a Bumsee signalled Jai's exit from the soca world, opting for the chutney soca arena, in which he continues to perform. Jai released Chutney Vibrations, a compilation with soca chutney rhythms and his re-reading of the Juma.
His most commercially successful release is Mor Tor featuring fellow Trinidadian soca star Machel Montano. In 2007 he released songs such as Aj Bhi Jeen and Bodi ke Dal, followed by Barman. Jai has won Chutney Soca Monarch a record-breaking six times. In 2011, he won his 6th title with the song White Oak and Water. Jai was also crowned for the 7th time when he teamed up with Ravi B.
In 2001, he tied for first place (with Bunji Garlin) for the "Young King" title and placed second in 2010's "Chutney Soca Monarch".
He was crowned champion at the 2011 Chutney Soca Monarch, and walked away with TT$2 million in prize money.
References
20th-century Trinidad and Tobago male singers
Chutney musicians
Trinidad and Tobago people of Indian descent
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
21st-century Trinidad and Tobago male singers |
5377890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartered%20Manager | Chartered Manager | Chartered Manager refers to a professional certification in management:
C.Mgr., offered by CIM | Chartered Managers Canada
CMgr, offered by the Chartered Management Institute, U.K.
Professional titles and certifications |
4041911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Lotta | Little Lotta | Little Lotta is a fictional character published by Harvey Comics from 1953 to 1972, and then sporadically until 1993. A contemporary of Little Audrey, Little Dot and Wendy the Good Little Witch, she was one of Harvey's best-known female characters during the 1960s and featured in many of the company's child-friendly comedy titles. Like many of Harvey's comic headliners, Lotta was notable for a quirky defining characteristic - in this case, an insatiable appetite giving rise to superhuman strength.
Lotta stories were penned by Warren Kremer and Howard Post, and for the majority of the years that she appeared in comics, she was drawn by Sid Couchey and Dom Sileo.
Publication history
Lotta Plump first appeared in 1953 as a back-page feature in Little Dot (where she debuted with Harvey's most successful property, Richie Rich). From the outset, Lotta's large appetite was a running gag employed in virtually every story and featured prominently on the covers of her two comic titles, Little Lotta (1955-1972, 1974-76; 1992-1993) and Little Lotta in Foodland (1962-1968). A typical cover scene showed Lotta devouring a meal of gigantic proportions or performing some feat of tremendous strength.
Lotta began making regular crossovers with Dot and Audrey from the beginning of the 1960s, frequently combining their peculiar foibles to either cause trouble or save the day. Guest appearances with Richie Rich and Gloria took place during the 1970s, when she and the other "Harvey Girls" were featured in Richie Rich and his Girlfriends.
Little Lotta was published from 1955 to 1976, when Harvey's Richie Rich explosion took over. Lotta's book was canceled (along with Little Audrey, Little Dot, and Wendy), after 120 issues (issue #121 was advertised, but never issued). Lotta remained a supporting feature in the back of Richie Rich books until Harvey's demise in 1982. Upon Harvey's return in 1986, a proposed idea to have Lotta return as the drummer of a rock band with Little Audrey on guitar and Little Dot on vocals was shelved. So was an idea of having the three appear as teenagers and have adventures similar to Archie.
Character
Far from being the "unpopular fat kid" stereotype represented in other popular media (such as her contemporary Tubby in Little Lulu) Lotta was depicted as friendly, kind-hearted and always ready to use her tremendous strength for what she deemed as good. She suffers her share of bullying, but any tormentors quickly regret provoking her wrath. In a sense, Lotta's storylines fulfill two very common childhood fantasies: the satisfaction of visceral desires (eating everything in sight) and freedom through physical power. Little Lotta always maintains a positive attitude about herself.
Lotta lives in the fictional town of Bonnie Dell, a "timeless" picket-fence suburb existing in the same world as several other Harvey characters (although in many stories it is simply called Harveyville).
She has a boyfriend named Gerald, who in many ways is Lotta's opposite. He is a shy, diminutive boy with glasses, and he is not very strong. Lotta and Gerald have many adventures together and frequently dress up to imitate their favorite comic book hero, Flying Man. When dressed up, Lotta becomes "Leaping Lotta". In several stories, Lotta expressed an ambition to become a police officer even though passing the physical was an impossibility.
In popular culture
A Little Lotta comic book was used as a plot device on Everybody Loves Raymond in 2000 (season 4, episode 17).
Lotta appears as a character on Baby Huey's Great Easter Adventure.
Little Lotta was referenced in the animated TV series Family Guy in season 15 episode 4, "Inside Family Guy", in which Peter dresses up as Little Lotta to get paid having his picture taken pictures with tourists on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Little Lotta is one of the three main characters in the Netflix original series Harvey Street Kids and is voiced by Lauren Lapkus. Gerald also appears in the series. The show explains that, prior to a growth spurt, Lotta was extremely small, but grew to be taller than the other children in the neighborhood. This version still possesses super-strength, and is a lover of animals. She is also Jewish in this version as the fourth season episode "Miracle on Harvey Street" shows Lotta celebrating Hanukkah.
References
External links
Little Lotta at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on November 11, 2015.
Classic Media Harvey
1953 comics debuts
1993 comics endings
Child characters in comics
Comics about women
Comics characters introduced in 1953
Comics characters with superhuman strength
Female characters in comics
Harvey Comics series and characters
Harvey Comics titles |
5377898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis%20O%27Sullivan%20%28golfer%29 | Denis O'Sullivan (golfer) | Denis O'Sullivan (born 11 March 1948) is a retired professional Irish golfer. He won the 1985 Irish Amateur Close and the 1990 Irish Amateur Stroke Play, but did not turn professional until 1997, when he decided to try to qualify for the European Seniors Tour. He came through the European Seniors Tour Qualifying School at his first attempt and became one of the tour's most consistent players. He has won six seniors events and finished in the top ten on the Order of Merit several times, with a best ranking of third in 2000.
Professional wins (6)
European Senior Tour wins (6)
European Senior Tour playoff record (0–1)
Team appearances
Amateur
European Amateur Team Championship (representing Ireland): 1977
Professional
Praia d'El Rey European Cup: 1998 (tie)
External links
Irish male golfers
European Senior Tour golfers
1948 births
Living people |
5377904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Institute%20of%20Management | Canadian Institute of Management | CIM | Chartered Managers Canada is Canada's senior professional association, certification body and academic institute for managers and leaders.
History
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada was founded in 1942 as the Society of Industrial Methods Engineers and in 1946 became the Canadian Industrial Management Association. It became the Canadian Institute of Management in 1970 and in 2016 rebranded to CIM | Chartered Managers Canada to reflect its role as Canada's certifying body for chartered management professionals.
As a Federally Chartered not-for-profit organization, CIM | Chartered Managers Canada operates through and Head Office and Chapters across Canada.
National Accreditation Framework (NAF)
Through the National Accreditation Framework, CIM | Chartered Managers Canada accredits academic programs within Canadian colleges, polytechnics and universities as meeting the requirements for the Chartered Management Program (CMP) leading to Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.) and the Certified in Management (C.I.M.) professional designations.
Chartered Manager Competency Framework (CMCF)
The CMCF outlines the competencies required to achieve the Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.) designation. It provides academic institutions with the benchmark for the development of effective academic programs that will lead to this professional designation.
Professional Designations
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada offers the following post-nominal designations:
Certified in Management (C.I.M.)
Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.)
Certified in Management (C.I.M.)
The Certified in Management (C.I.M.) designation is awarded upon completion of the 8-course CMP leading to the Certificate in Management and Administration and 24 months of validated professional management experience. The academic requirement for the C.I.M. designation are offered through the CIM and partner institutions across Canada.
Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.)
Chartered Manager is the CIM's senior management qualification and chartered professional designation for applicants with undergraduate or graduate degrees. It is abbreviated as C.Mgr. and used as a post-nominal to accredited members in good standing. The designation also gives the holders an exclusive right to use the full title of "Chartered Manager" in Canada.
Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Management (F.CIM)
The Fellowship Designation is an honorary award to individuals with a record of distinction and achievement in their community, locally, regionally and nationally.
International Reciprocity
CIM Chartered Managers are eligible to obtain Chartered Manager in the UK through the Chartered Management Institute and Certified Manager in the US through the Institute of Certified Professional Managers.
External links
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada
1942 establishments in Canada
Professional associations based in Canada
Organizations established in 1942 |
5377906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCmeg | Sümeg | Sümeg () is a town in Veszprém county, Hungary. Sümeg is mostly known for Sümeg Castle. It is north of Lake Balaton.
Twin towns – sister cities
Sümeg is twinned with:
Aichtal, Germany
Sovata, Romania
Tapolca, Hungary
Vobarno, Italy
References
External links
in Hungarian
Populated places in Veszprém County |
5377910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Keane%20Brothers | The Keane Brothers | The Keane Brothers was an American pop music duo from 1976–82, composed of pre-teens, Tom Keane on piano and John Keane on drums. The duo released four albums and briefly hosted a television variety show on CBS. The brothers subsequently went on to solo careers as songwriters and music producers.
History
Tom and John Keane of Los Angeles, California, were the sons of Bob Keane, the founder of Del-Fi Records. After the elder Keane closed his record label, he promoted the boys as a bubblegum pop band.
The Keane Brothers’ first single, “Sherry” (#84), was released in 1976, followed closely by a self-titled debut album in 1977. During the summer of 1977, John who was 12 years and Tom who was 13 years, reportedly became the youngest people ever to host a prime-time variety television program. The Keane Brothers Show aired on CBS for four weeks in 1977 as a summer replacement for Wonder Woman.
Between the years of 1977 and 1982, the brothers released four albums. Their second album, Taking Off, was released in 1978 with a disco sound and produced by songwriter Lamont Dozier. In 1981, the group added Mark Moulin on guitars and Mike Millwood on bass and shortened its name to Keane. The third album was titled Keane.
In 1982, the group released the album Today, Tomorrow And Tonight with Moulin and future Chicago member Jason Scheff on bass. The brothers disbanded the duo, and instead pursued solo careers.
The band is not to be confused with the 2000s pop rock band of the same name.
John M. Keane
John Keane (born April 26, 1965) composes music for television, including The Sentinel, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation and The Amazing Race. For the CSI series, Keane was nominated for the 2007 Emmy as well as 12 BMI and ASCAP awards.
He became a session drummer in Los Angeles, recording music with various musicians including Chicago, Michael Bolton, David Foster and Cher. He released two solo albums: Any Other World in 1996 and Straight Away in 1999.
In 2010, John released a solo album on Laycut Records titled Everything Changed.
Tom Keane
Tom Keane (born March 13, 1964) has collaborated as writer and musician with many producers and artists, including Burt Bacharach, Kenny Rogers, Patti LaBelle, and Al Jarreau. He received a Grammy nomination for Chaka Khan's hit “Through the Fire”, which he co-wrote with David Foster and Cynthia Weil (of “You’ve Lost That Lovin’ Feelin’” fame) and a Golden Globe nomination for the soundtrack to the 1987 film, The Secret of My Success.
The song “Will You Still Love Me?”, recorded by Chicago, who had recently added Tom’s former Keane bandmate, Jason Scheff, to the lineup, was co-written by Tom, David Foster and Richard Baskin. Scheff performed lead vocals on the track, which became a big hit.
Tom Keane issued a pair of solo albums in the early 2000s. In 2000, he released I Love a Gershwin Tune, which features covers of several classic works by George Gershwin. A second album featuring his own versions of songs he had written, Smoove and Juicy Covers followed in 2001. Tracks on this latter album include Keane's own take on his compositions “Will You Still Love Me?” as well as “Through the Fire”.
In 2007, he opened a production company called DMG-Del-Fi Music Group. 2011 saw the release of Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil a Weinstein Company animated feature release, the sequel to the 2005 release, Hoodwinked!. Tom wrote and produced the two pop songs in the film sung by Hayden Panettiere of Heroes fame.
Tom's son, Mack Keane has become a recording artist in his own right.
Discography
Albums
The Keane Brothers (1977)
Taking Off (1979)
Keane (1981)
Today, Tomorrow & Tonight (1982)
Soundtracks
Film
Zapped! (1982)
Two of a Kind (1983)
Kidd Video (1984)
St. Elmo’s Fire (1985)
White Nights (1985)
The Secret of My Succe$s (1987)
Win Win (2011)
Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil (2011)
Spotlight (2015)
Anime
One Pound Gospel (1988) (Theme Song Arrangements)
After War Gundam X (1996) (music and arrangements for ending theme songs)
Chōja Reideen (1996) (main composer with Kiyoshi Murakami)
The Dog of Flanders (1997) (composer for ending theme "When I Cry")
Silent Möbius (1998) (composer for second ending theme song)
References
External links
DEAD LINK (7/19/22): TV Commercials for The Keane Brothers
American pop music groups
American musical duos
Sibling musical duos |
5377914 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkaholix | Polkaholix | POLKAHOLIX is a polka/rock band from Berlin, Germany. Founded in 2001, they have
re-animated Berlin's polka tradition of Berlin, in their own unique way.
The POLKAHOLIX debut CD "Denkste" was in the top twenty of the WORLD MUSIC CHARTS EUROPE.
The POLKAHOLIX CD was nominated for the German Music Award (category world music).
POLKAHOLIX got a nomination for the Ruth 2005 (category local roots). ("Ruth" is the award for folk, singer-songwriter and world music in Germany.)
Line-up
Andreas Wieczorek (saxophone / lead voc)
Stephan Bohm (trombone / voc)
Steffen Zimmer (trumpet)
Christoph Frenz (bass guitar / voc)
Mario Ferraro (guitar / lapsteel / voc)
Jo Meyer (accordion / voc)
Snorre Schwarz (drums / voc)
Media appearances
2004: The band made an appearance in the movie: "Küss mich, Hexe" (X-Film Creative Pool)
2005: The band made the music for the TV-documentary: "Monte Klamotte – Eine Expedition zum Berliner Schuldenberg" by Gerd Conradt.
Discography
2002: "Denkste" (Löwenzahn/Buschfunk)
2007: "The Great Polka Swindle" (Westpark/Indigo)
2010: "Polkaface" (Monopol/DAmusic)
2013: "Rattenscharf" (Monopol/DAmusic)
2015: " Sex & Drugs & Sauerkraut" (Monopol/DAmusic)
References
External links
http://www.polkaholix.de
http://www.myspace.com/polkaholix
https://www.facebook.com/official.polkaholix
Musical groups established in 2001
Polka groups
Musical groups from Berlin
Westpark Music artists |
4041943 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Gillespie | Billy Gillespie | William Ballintrae Gillespie (6 August 1891 – 2 July 1981) was an Irish football player who played as a striker for Sheffield United over a twenty-year period from 1913 to 1932, scoring over 137 League and Cup goals in 492 games for the South Yorkshire side. Gillespie was born in Kerrykeel, County Donegal, Ireland and began his career with Irish side Institute in 1907. After a short spell with Linfield he moved to England to play for Leeds City in 1910 before moving to Sheffield United in 1912, where he would stay until he retired from playing. Gillespie also made 25 appearances for the Ireland national team. In 1932 he took over as manager of Derry City where he remained until 1940. After leaving Derry, Gillespie moved to the south of England where he lived until his death in 1981.
Club career
Institute and Leeds City
Gillespie started his footballing career with local side Institute in 1907. In 1910, Gillespie had a short trial with Irish side Linfield and was due to sign for them when Leeds City manager Frank Scott-Walford persuaded him to turn professional and join the Yorkshire club instead. Having made his Football League debut, Gillespie was largely confined to the reserves but was unhappy at not making further progress.
Sheffield United
Sheffield United signed Gillespie from Leeds City in December 1912 for £500 for the maximum wage, then £4 per week. Gillespie made his debut on Boxing Day 1911, scoring in a 2–2 draw with Newcastle United and played regularly for the Blades from that point on. Gillespie was denied an FA Cup Winner's medal in 1915, when he missed United's victory with a broken leg, received in the first game of the season against Sunderland in September 1914. Following the end of World War I, Gillespie returned to United and resumed his place in the first-team, although now playing a more withdrawn role as an inside forward. Continuing to play regularly, Gillespie took over as club captain from George Utley in 1923 and in the following five seasons helped United reach two FA Cup semi-finals and finally won a winner's medal in 1925. Retaining his position for a further three years, Gillespie began coaching United's young players during the 1930–31 season, before retiring from playing at the end of that season.
Managerial career
Derry City
Gillespie was offered the position of manager of Derry City in 1932, where he remained until 1940. Gillespie was held in such regard that the club agreed to change their strip to red and white stripes in recognition of his career at Sheffield United. Following World War II he continued with his connection to United, acting as a scout for his former team and compiling match and player reports until the 1970s.
International career
His first cap came in 1913, his two goals giving Ireland their very first victory over England. He was a part of the Ireland side that won the 1914 British Home Championship outright after gaining wins over England and Wales and a draw against Scotland at Windsor Park. Gillespie scored seven goals against England, matching a record set by Scotland players Geordie Ker and John Smith. Gillespie played for the Ireland national team operated by the Irish Football Association (IFA), which now operates the Northern Ireland national football team. Gillespie held the IFA record for most international goals scored for 78 years, with 13 goals. His record was equalled by Colin Clarke in 1992 and broken by David Healy in 2004.
International goals
Scores and results list Ireland/Northern Ireland's goal tally first.
Personal life
Gillespie was born in Kerrykeel, County Donegal, where his father was a constable with the RIC. Gillespie was married to Rosie with two children, Billy and Peter. Gillespie served as a gunner during World War I, during which time he lost most of his hair. During World War II he returned to Sheffield where he worked at Hadfields munitions works. Gillespie moved to the south of England following his retirement and died in his sleep in Bexley, Kent on 2 July 1981, aged 89. In September 2013, a commemorative plaque was erected at Rab's Park, Kerrykeel, the local community sport field, in recognition of Gillespie's achievements and his links to the town.
Honours
As a player
Sheffield United
FA Cup: 1924–25
As a manager
Derry City
City Cup: 1934–35, 1936–37
Sheffield United career
References
External links
Irish Football Association – 'Legends of the Game' profile
1891 births
1981 deaths
Association footballers from County Donegal
Association football forwards
Irish association footballers (before 1923)
Pre-1950 IFA international footballers
Institute F.C. players
Linfield F.C. players
Leeds City F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Derry City F.C. players
Derry City F.C. managers
NIFL Premiership players
English Football League players
Irish soldiers in the British Army
Irish people of World War I
Irish association football managers
FA Cup Final players |
5377922 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%20V.%20Rieu | E. V. Rieu | Emile Victor Rieu CBE (10 February 1887 – 11 May 1972) was a British classicist, publisher, poet and translator. He initiated the Penguin Classics series of books in 1946 and edited it for twenty years.
Biography
Rieu was born in London, the youngest child of the Swiss Orientalist Charles Pierre Henri Rieu (1820–1902), and his wife Agnes, daughter of Julius Heinrich Hisgen of Hamburg. He was a scholar of St Paul's School and Balliol College, Oxford, gaining a first in Classical Honours Moderations in 1908. In 1914 he married Nelly Lewis, daughter of a Pembrokeshire businessman. They had two sons (one was D. C. H. Rieu) and two daughters. Rieu died in London in 1972.
Publishing and translating
Having worked for the Bombay branch of Oxford University Press, Rieu joined the publishers Methuen in London in 1923, where he was managing director from 1933 to 1936, and then academic and literary adviser.
Rieu became best known for his lucid translations of Homer and for a modern translation of the four Gospels which evolved from his role as editor of a projected (but aborted) Penguin translation of the Bible. Though he had been a lifelong agnostic, his experience translating the Gospels brought him to change and join the Church of England. His translation of the Odyssey, 1946, was the opener of the Penguin Classics, a series that he founded with Sir Allen Lane and edited from 1944 to 1964. According to his son, "[h]is vision was to make available to the ordinary reader, in good modern English, the great classics of every language."
The inspiration for the Penguin Classics series, initially faint, came early in the Second World War, while bombs were falling. Each night after supper, Rieu would sit with his wife and daughters in London and translate to them passages from the Odyssey. The Penguin editors are said to have been dubious about the commercial prospects for the book (1946), but it became recognised as a classic itself, celebrated for the smooth and original prose, and the forerunner of Penguin's successful series of translated classics.
Often, though, he embroidered Homer's verse, following the principle that has since become known as dynamic equivalence or thought-for-thought translation. Whereas a literal translation would read, for example, "As soon as early-born Dawn appeared, rosy-fingered," Rieu's version offered, "No sooner had the tender Dawn shown her roses in the East." Some of his renderings were boldly contemporary: "the meeting adjourned," "I could fancy him," and, "It's the kind of thing that gives a girl a good name in town." He sometimes discarded Homer's anonymous immortals: "A god put this into my mind" became "It occurred to me." Rieu also tended to make the characters more courteous by preceding orders with "Kindly..." or "Be good enough to..." Some of these foibles were amended in a revision made by his son D. C. H. Rieu, who also translated The Acts of the Apostles by Saint Luke (1957) for the Penguin series.
By the time Rieu retired as general editor of the Penguin Classics series, he had overseen the publication of about 160 volumes. He assiduously tracked down all the scholars and translators he wanted for each, creating a series that combined sound scholarship with readability, and accessibility through authoritative introductions and notes. Rieu himself also translated the Iliad (1950), the Voyage of Argo (1959) by Apollonius of Rhodes, The Four Gospels (1952) and Virgil's Pastoral Poems (1949). Having become an Anglican in 1947, Rieu sat on the joint churches' committee that oversaw the production of the New English Bible (1961–70). The genial and witty Rieu was a friend and editorial mentor of the science fiction writer Olaf Stapledon.
Poetry and stories for children
Rieu is less known for his children's verse, Cuckoo Calling: a book of verse for youthful people (1933). This he expanded as The Flattered Flying Fish and Other Poems (1962). A selection of his verse appeared in A Puffin Quartet of Poets (1958). For Rieu himself, his poems were a sideline, aimed mainly at children.
Rieu wrote the short story "Pudding Law: A Nightmare", included in The Great Book for Girls, published by Oxford University Press.
Honours
The University of Leeds awarded him an honorary D.Litt. in 1949, and he received a CBE in 1953. In 1951, he was chosen president of the Virgil Society and seven years later vice-president of the Royal Society of Literature.
Tribute
Patrick Kavanagh evoked the translations' crisp and readable character in a poem "On Looking into E. V. Rieu's Homer":
"In stubble fields the ghosts of corn are
The important spirits the imagination heeds.
Nothing dies; there are no empty
Spaces in the cleanest-reaped fields."
See also
English translations of Homer
Notes
Further reading
"Translating the Gospels: A Discussion Between Dr. E. V. Rieu and the Rev. J. B. Phillips". Interview of 3 December 1953.
E.V. Rieu, "Hall and Knight". An irreverent account of how a famous school algebra textbook came to be written. First published in Cuckoo Calling.
1887 births
1972 deaths
English classical scholars
English translators
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Translators of the Bible into English
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
People educated at St Paul's School, London
British people of Swiss descent
British people of German descent
Writers from London
Scholars of ancient Greek literature
Translators of Ancient Greek texts
English male poets
20th-century English poets
20th-century British translators
Children's poets
Penguin Books people
20th-century English male writers
Translators of Homer
Translators of Virgil |
4041949 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Stephenson%20%28footballer%29 | Paul Stephenson (footballer) | Paul Stephenson (born 2 January 1968) is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger or a central midfielder for Newcastle United, Millwall, Gillingham, Brentford and York City before he ended his career with Hartlepool United. During his footballing career he made a combined total of over 500 appearances.
He is currently assistant manager at Kilmarnock.
Playing career
Newcastle United
Paul Stephenson was born in Wallsend. He started his career as an apprentice at Newcastle United in the same youth team that brought through the likes of Paul Gascoigne. He was by capped by England at youth level in 1986. He made his debut at the age of 17 and went on to make 63 starts and four substitute appearances for the club.
Millwall
In 1988, Stephenson was sold to Millwall for a fee of around £300,000. He spent his first four seasons playing regularly for the Lions in the same team as the likes of Teddy Sheringham and Tony Cascarino. However, after the arrival of new manager Mick McCarthy, Stephenson's first-team opportunities were limited and he found himself being loaned to Gillingham, for whom he made 12 league starts and scored two goals. Stephenson returned to Millwall but he failed to force his way back into the first team. While at Millwall, Stephenson made a total of 98 league appearances and scored sixgoals.
Brentford & York
Midway through the 1993–94 season, Stephenson was sold to Brentford for £30,000. During his two-and-a-half seasons at Griffin Park, Stephenson played regularly and made 70 appearances for the club. However, he decided to move back up north and joined York City for £35,000, which the then-York manager Alan Little has cited as a 'bargain'. Stephenson's first season at the club was disrupted by two severe injuries – a broken arm and hairline fracture of the leg. During his three seasons at Bootham Crescent, Stephenson established himself as York's first choice right winger and he made just under 100 appearances for the club, scoring five times. Little reluctantly placed him on the transfer list along with several other first-team players in order to raise much-needed funds before his contract ran out. Hartlepool, along with his former club Brentford, both made offers, but Little delayed the transfer in order to try and use the winger to help aid York's play-off bid. York failed to make the play-offs, however, and Stephenson took the opportunity to move closer to his Newcastle roots and joined Hartlepool in March 1998.
Hartlepool
He made his Hartlepool debut on 18 April against Mansfield Town. After the dismissal of Mick Tait and the arrival of a new manager in the form of Chris Turner, Stephenson's future at the club looked uncertain and he was rumoured to be on his way out as he struggled to force his way into Turner's side and he handed in a transfer request. During the final game of the season, against Southend United, Stephenson came off the bench and scored. During Stephenson's second season at the club, he was moved into the centre of midfield. After his performances during the 1999–2000 season, he was named Hartlepool Player of the Year.
He made his final appearance for Pools against Cheltenham Town in the play-off semi-final second leg, in which he missed a penalty in the deciding shootout. Stephenson failed to play a single game in the following season and, on 25 March 2003, he announced his retirement.
Coaching career
Hartlepool and Norwich
After Stephenson's retirement, he immediately joined the coaching staff at Hartlepool and became an assistant youth-team coach. Following Martin Scott's promotion to the assistant manager's position, Stephenson was made the main youth team coach. Stephenson guided the youth team to victory in the Under 19s section of the Dallas Cup. Towards the end of the 2005–06 season, Stephenson was appointed as Hartlepool's caretaker manager after the dismissal of Scott. His first game in charge was a goalless draw against Rotherham. In his second game he managed to guide the team to a single-goal victory over Chesterfield. He was undefeated in his first five games in charge. However, Hartlepool slipped back into the relegation zone and were eventually relegated on the last day of the season. Stephenson stated that he did not want to take over as manager and wanted to remain a coach, and he returned to his job as youth team coach. Upon the arrival of new manager Glenn Roeder at Norwich, and his decision to build his own backroom staff, Stephenson was offered the job of first-team coach in early November 2007. Despite some trouble with the Hartlepool chairman regarding compensation, Roeder was ultimately successful with the appointment, and Stephenson commenced work with the Canaries two months later.
Huddersfield Town
Following Roeder's departure in 2009, Stephenson left the club and joined Roeder's assistant, Lee Clark, as Development Coach at Football League One side Huddersfield Town. On 11 November 2010 it was officially announced he would be the first-team coach at the Terriers. He left the club in the wake of the sacking of Clark in February 2012.
Blackpool
Stephenson was reunited with Lee Clark in December 2014 when he became First-Team Coach at Blackpool.
Kilmarnock
On 8 February 2021 he was appointed assistant manager of Scottish Premiership club Kilmarnock, working with manager Tommy Wright.
References
"Stephenson repays boss Turner's faith", The Northern Echo, 26 April 2000
PoolsOnline.tk: Paul Stephenson to retire - but not to leave
PoolsOnline.tk: Stephenson is new Hartlepool United Youth Coach
ProudtobeaPoolie.com: Stevo Rules Himself Out
External links
Poolstats: Paul Stephenson
1968 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Wallsend
English footballers
England youth international footballers
Association football wingers
Wallsend Boys Club players
Newcastle United F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Gillingham F.C. players
Brentford F.C. players
York City F.C. players
Hartlepool United F.C. players
Hartlepool United F.C. managers
English football managers
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. non-playing staff
English Football League managers
Accrington Stanley F.C. managers
Blackpool F.C. non-playing staff
Hartlepool United F.C. non-playing staff
Kilmarnock F.C. non-playing staff |
5377926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Three%20Stooges%20Go%20Around%20the%20World%20in%20a%20Daze | The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze | The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze is the fifth feature film made by The Three Stooges after their 1959 resurgence in popularity. By this time, the trio consisted of Moe Howard, Larry Fine, and Joe DeRita (dubbed "Curly Joe"). Directed by Howard's son-in-law Norman Maurer, the film was loosely based on the Jules Verne classic Around the World in Eighty Days.
Plot
Phileas Fogg III (Jay Sheffield), great-grandson of the original Phileas Fogg, accepts a bet to duplicate his great-grandfather's famous trip around the world in response to a challenge made by Randolph Stuart III, the descendant of the original Fogg's nemesis. Unbeknownst to anyone, however, "Stuart" is the infamous con man Vicker Cavendish (Peter Forster) who made the bet in order to cover up his robbing the bank of England by framing Fogg for the crime.
With him in this plot is his weaselly Cockney co-conspirator Filch (Walter Burke). This makes for a dangerous journey for Fogg and his servants (the Stooges) and Amelia Carter (Joan Freeman), whom they rescue from thugs during a train ride. On the way, they also: try to steal a cream pie from the galley of a Turkey-bound British cargo ship (and poke the cook in his fat behind with a gaff in the process); watch an elaborate Indian dance at a maharajah's palace, where blind-as-a-bat Curly Joe also regales the maharajah and the viceroy with knife throwing—until his disguise falls off; get captured in China by the Chinese Army, and survive Communist brainwashing in Shanghai with their interrogators turning into Chinese Stooge clones (Moe tells the Chinese general, "No brainee to washee!"). The disgusted Chinese set them adrift in a small boat; use Curly Joe's music-provoked strength to cadge food, clothes, and a trip to San Francisco from the manager of the monstrous sumo Itchy Kitchy (Iau Kea) after a demonstration in a park in Tokyo; stow away in a moving van, supposedly headed for New York. Of course, they are caught, and arrested in Canada by the British inspector (the Stooges and Amelia fake British accents so the inspector will arrest them too).
Back in London, they cross paths again with the two conspirators, again disguised as police—and armed. Of course, the Stooges win out, and, as with the original Phileas Fogg, his descendant miscalculated by one day and still has a chance. Curly Joe gets behind the wheel of the Bobbies' paddy wagon and speeds across London, and young Fogg wins the bet—crashing into the Reformer's Club with two seconds to spare.
Cast
Moe Howard as Moe
Larry Fine as Larry
Joe DeRita as Curly Joe
Jay Sheffield as Phileas Fogg, III
Joan Freeman as Amelia Carter
Walter Burke as Lory Filch
Peter Forster as Vickers Cavendish/"Stuart"
Maurice Dallimore as Inspector J. B. Crotchet
Richard Devon as Maharajah
Anthony Eustrel as Kandu
Iau Kea as Itchi Kitchi
Robert Kino as Charlie Okuma
Phil Arnold as Referee
Emil Sitka as Butler at Reformer's Club
Laurie Main as a member of the Reformer's Club
References
External links
The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze at threestooges.net
1963 films
1960s English-language films
1963 comedy films
American black-and-white films
Columbia Pictures films
Films set in San Francisco
Films set in London
Films based on Around the World in Eighty Days
The Three Stooges films
Films directed by Norman Maurer
1960s American films |
4041952 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballymount | Ballymount | Ballymount (), is a locality on the south side of Dublin, near the mainly residential areas of Walkinstown to the east, Tallaght to the west and Greenhills to the south. Ballymount is accessed by a number of public bus routes from Dublin city centre, and via the Red Cow Stop on the Red Luas Line, and it houses one of the largest industrial zones in Ireland.
Area
Ballymount is divided by the M50 motorway. On the west side of the divide is the more residential area of Kingswood, and most of the industrial land is on the east. Companies based in Ballymount include Smurfit, Virgin Media Television, DHL, Johnson Brothers, and the bus depot of Go-Ahead Ireland.
History
In Ballymount Park, on the western boundary of Ballymount, contains the ruins of Ballymount castle, also known as Kingswood Castle. The castle was built in 1622 by Sir William Parsons. The original name give to the area was Bellamount ("beautiful mount") in reference to the pre-existing mound (Bronze Age grave). In the early 18th century Ballymount Great was home to Mr John Butler, son of Sir Toby Butler, Solicitor General for Ireland to King James II. It is John Butler who is reputed to have built the folly (sham ruin) for his daughter's wedding day. It was never a fully built structure but as the name implies a fake ruin. The castle was the subject of a 1767 drawing by Gabriel Beranger.
At the end of the 18th century the lands of Garranstown and Kingswood merged under the ownership of the Cullen family. The house retained the name Whitehall given to it by Mr Theo White. In William Duncan's maps of the County of Dublin, the area is shown bearing both names, a practice that is still carried on with maps to this day. In 1865 Andrew Cullen Tynan, father of the poet and writer Katharine Tynan, inherited the farm from an uncle.
See also
List of towns and villages in Ireland
Earl of Bellomont
Viscount Bellomont
References
Towns and villages in South Dublin (county) |
4041961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sifton | Sifton | Sifton may refer to:
Places:
Rural Municipality of Sifton,a rural municipality in the Virden region of Manitoba, Canada
Sifton, Manitoba, an unincorporated community in the Virden region
Sifton, Washington, an unincorporated community
Sifton Ranges, a mountain range in British Columbia, Canada
Sifton Park, Edmonton, a neighbourhood in Edmonton, Alberta
People:
Arthur Sifton (1858–1921), Canadian politician and second Premier of Alberta
Charles Proctor Sifton (1935–2009), American federal judge
Sir Clifford Sifton (1861–1929), Canadian politician and Minister of the Interior of Canada
John Wright Sifton (1833–1912), Canadian businessman and later a politician in Manitoba
Sam Sifton (born 1966), American journalist |
5377928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michal%20Hor%C5%88%C3%A1k | Michal Horňák | Michal Horňák (born 28 April 1970 in Vsetín) is a Czech football manager and former player. He played for the Czech Republic, for which he played 38 matches and scored 1 goal.
Horňák played for several clubs, including TJ Gottwaldov, RH Cheb, Sparta Prague (most of his career) and LASK Linz (Austria).
He was a participant in the 1996 UEFA European Championship, where the Czech Republic won the silver medal.
He later was the assistant coach in the Czech club FK Teplice. He took over as manager of Vlašim in April 2013, but only stayed until the end of the calendar year before being replaced by Vlastimil Petržela.
References
External links
Living people
1970 births
People from Vsetín
Association football defenders
Czechoslovak footballers
Czech footballers
UEFA Euro 1996 players
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Czech Republic international footballers
AC Sparta Prague players
FK Hvězda Cheb players
LASK players
SFC Opava players
SV Horn players
Czech First League players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Austria
Czech football managers
FC Sellier & Bellot Vlašim managers
FK Čáslav managers
AC Sparta Prague managers
Sportspeople from the Zlín Region
Czech National Football League managers |
5377940 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berhida | Berhida | Berhida is a town in Veszprém county, Hungary.
References
Populated places in Veszprém County |
5377942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt%20Lovell | Matt Lovell | Matt Lovell is an Australian audio engineer, record producer and mixer. He has won three ARIA Music Awards for Engineer of the Year: in 2005 for his work on The Mess Hall's' Notes from a Ceiling, in 2006 for Black Fingernails, Red Wine by Eskimo Joe, and in 2008 for his work on Shihad's Beautiful Machine. Lovell was the CEO and co-owner of Lovell's Lager, a brewery.
Biography
Matt Lovell worked as an assistant audio engineer on silverchair's debut album, Frogstomp, from December 1994, which was released in March of the following year. He has produced work for Something for Kate, The Mess Hall, Tom Morgan and Shihad. As well as producing, he has also worked with Ammonia, Midnight Oil, Eskimo Joe, Grinspoon, Silverchair, the Whitlams, INXS, Spiderbait, the Presets, One Dollar Short, the Sleepy Jackson, and Cold Chisel.
Lovell has received three ARIA Music Awards for Engineer of the Year: in 2005 for his work on The Mess Hall's' Notes from a Ceiling, in 2006 for Black Fingernails, Red Wine by Eskimo Joe, and in 2008 for his work on Shihad's Beautiful Machine. In 2011 he was nominated for Engineer of the Year for his work on Eskimo Joe's Ghosts of the Past. He has worked with other record producers: Andrew Farriss, Tony Cohen, Kevin Shirley and Nick Launay.
In 2006 Lovell was appointed as a mentor in the Qantas 'Spirit of Youth Awards'. Lovell has mixed Jed Kurzel's soundtrack for the 2011 feature film, Snowtown.
Outside of his music career, Lowell was the founder and CEO of Lowell's Lager a beer brewery based in Sydney since 2005. Roger Grierson (of the Thought Criminals) recommended it, "It's on tap at the Annandale. Excellent. If you're at the Annandale, buy some." Back of the Ferry's website reviewer described the beer "there is something just not right with this beer (to my taste). The first swallow is inoffensive, but there is an aftertaste that is reminiscent of stale beer lines that I couldn’t get over. It really was a struggle to get the last drop down." Chris Joannou of Silverchair became his partner in the brewery, but by February 2014 the business was "currently on hold." Lovell now co-owns and operates a Korean Fried Chicken restaurant, in Newcastle, Australia. The restaurant, named Wu-cha, is owned by Paula Birch, Lovell and Harry Callinan. According to Lovell “It’s all about the really punchy flavours and bright colours” with the chicken being cooked fresh and the sauces made from scratch.
See also
List of record producers
References
Australian record producers
Australian audio engineers
Mixing engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
ARIA Award winners
People from Newcastle, New South Wales |
5377956 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy%20of%20Germany%2C%20Bras%C3%ADlia | Embassy of Germany, Brasília | The Embassy of Germany in Brasília is Germany's embassy to Brazil. It is located on Avenida das Nações, Lote 25, Quadra 807. The embassy building was designed by German architect Hans Scharoun.
The current ambassador is Georg Witschel.
Consulates
There are several consulates located through Brazil:
Consulate General in Porto Alegre (Consul General Hans-Josef Over)
Consulate General in Recife (Consul General Thomas Wülfing)
Consulate General in Rio de Janeiro (Consul General Michael Worbs)
Consulate General in São Paulo (Consul General Matthias Ludwig Bogislav von Kummer)
as well as several Honorary Consuls in Anápolis, Belém, Belo Horizonte, Blumenau, Cuiabá, Curitiba, Fortaleza, Joinville, Manaus, Ribeirão Preto, Rolândia, Salvador, Santos and Vitória.
Brasilia
Germany
Germany
Brazil–Germany relations |
5377970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth%20General%20Council | Fifth General Council | The Fifth general council may designate, in Catholic history:
The Second Council of Constantinople
Fifth General Council (1512), a council held in 1512 in Rome, at the Pope's Lateran Palace |
4041985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hall%20%28New%20York%20politician%29 | John Hall (New York politician) | John Joseph Hall (born July 23, 1948) is an American musician, songwriter, politician, environmentalist, and community activist. He was elected to the legislature of Ulster County, New York, in 1989 and the Saugerties, New York Board of Education in 1991, and he was the U.S. representative for , serving from 2007 to 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Hall also founded the rock band Orleans in 1972 and continues to perform with them.
Early life and musical career
Hall was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and grew up in Elmira, New York. He is the son of James A. Hall, who was a PhD in electrical engineering and Marie W. Hall, who had M.A. in divinity. A three-time National Science Foundation summer scholar, he skipped two grades in school and left Notre Dame High School in Elmira at age sixteen to study physics at the University of Notre Dame, and then English at Loyola College, Baltimore.
Hall began playing piano at age 4, and later studied French horn in school and taught himself guitar and bass. After changing his concentration to creative writing and performing in numerous musical ensembles, Hall quit college to begin his professional musical career in the clubs of Georgetown, D.C., and then in Greenwich Village. In 1967, his group Kangaroo released an album on MGM Records, and Hall also composed music for a Broadway theatre trilogy Morning, Noon and Night. He released his debut solo album, Action in 1970. Since then he has released 7 albums solo or as the John Hall Band.
In late January 1972, he founded Orleans in Ulster County, New York, with Wells Kelly and Larry Hoppen. Lance Hoppen, Larry's brother, joined the band later in that year, completing the Orleans lineup that would last throughout the band's most successful period. Orleans released two albums on ABC Records, and two on David Geffen's Asylum Records label, the latter two including the top five hits "Dance With Me" and "Still The One" which are each certified by BMI at more than 7 million airplays in the United States. As part of Orleans, he was a songwriter and session musician for artists that include Janis Joplin, Seals and Crofts, Taj Mahal, Jackson Browne, Little Feat, and Bonnie Raitt.
In 1977, Hall left to concentrate on the solo career that had begun with the Action album at the beginning of the decade and became active in the anti-nuclear movement, fighting to stop a nuclear plant planned for Cementon on the Hudson River, and co-founding Musicians United for Safe Energy with Jackson Browne, Bonnie Raitt, and Graham Nash. His second solo recording of that period (his third overall) included the title track "Power," which became an environmental anthem performed by Pete Seeger, Peter, Paul and Mary, Holly Near, and the Doobie Brothers and James Taylor who cut it live at the No Nukes Concerts at Madison Square Garden. In 1981 he formed the John Hall Band, which consisted of Hall, keyboardist and vocalist Bob Leinbach, bassist and vocalist John Troy, and drummer Eric Parker. The John Hall Band released two albums on the EMI America label with high AOR and MTV visibility but limited Top 40 success. "Crazy (Keep On Falling)," from the album All of the Above, was the band's only major hit (U.S. #42).
While living in Saugerties, Hall co-founded two citizens' groups — Saugerties Concerned Citizens and the Winston Farm Alliance. The former worked to close down illegal junkyards operating in the town, and the latter successfully opposed the siting of a giant dump and incinerator on the historic Winston Farm, named after the engineer James Winston, who designed New York City's system of reservoirs and aqueducts. Hall also served one term in the Ulster County Legislature, and was elected twice to the Saugerties Board of Education, where his fellow trustees elected him president.
Hall spent decades writing songs for other artists and reunited with Orleans in 1985, rejoining them intermittently up through 2006. After his divorce from Johanna, he moved to Hunter, New York, and later to Nashville. There he wrote more songs including co-writing Steve Wariner's #1 country hit "You Can Dream of Me," began touring with Jonell Mosser and Freebo, and continued sporadically performing with Orleans. In 2005, he released Rock Me on the Water, an album of songs inspired by an extensive sailing trip he took with his second wife Pamela Bingham from Kingston, New York, to Key West, and Havana, Cuba on a humanitarian aid delivery mission, and later Martha's Vineyard, Cuttyhunk, and Annapolis, Maryland. He also formed the band Gulf Stream Night with longtime Orleans drummer Peter O'Brien, percussionist Joakim Lartey, bassist Bobby MacDougal, and his wife Pamela, who co-wrote four of the songs on the CD, on vocals and guitar. Having sold the boat and moved back to the Hudson Valley of New York, this time to Dutchess County, the Halls began to settle in and make new friends in Dover and Millbrook, where "Gulf Stream Night" was recorded.
Orleans released a new CD in 2005, Dancin' in the Moonlight, containing many of Hall's writing collaborations, guitar parts, and vocals, as well as two songs co-written by John and Pamela Melanie Hall.
Hall put his musical career on hold during his time in office, but performed at the concert honoring the 90th birthday of Pete Seeger, supporting the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater at Madison Square Garden on May 3, 2009. He joined other performers in the singing of "Oh Mary Don't You Weep" and later joined the entire cast for an encore, singing "Good Night, Irene". In August 2011, Hall joined his MUSE cohorts Bonnie Raitt, Jackson Browne, and Crosby, Stills & Nash along with Jason Mraz, the Doobie Brothers, and Tom Morello for a benefit concert in Mountain View, California, proceeds to aid victims of the tsunami and nuclear meltdowns in Fukushima, Japan, and to promote renewable energy. John and Pamela Hall, along with co-lyricist Bob Furlong, wrote the song "I Told You So" and performed it with Browne, Raitt, and Nash at the concert. In 2012, following the death of Larry Hoppen, Hall rejoined the band Orleans and has been recording and performing with them since.
Political career
He has been involved with Mid-Hudson Nuclear Opponents, who successfully fought the siting of a nuclear power plant on the Hudson River in Greene County. While living in Saugerties, New York, Hall co-founded Saugerties Concerned Citizens, and helped write the town's first zoning law. When Ulster County announced plans for a solid waste dump on the historic Winston Farm, Hall led the opposition. This effort culminated in his 1989 election to the Ulster County Legislature. In the late 1990s, after three successive school budgets were rejected by the voters, John ran for, and was elected twice to, the Saugerties Board of Education. His fellow trustees elected him president, and budgets were passed each year of Hall's tenure.
In late October 2004, Hall publicly commented that the presidential campaign of George W. Bush had not asked for permission to use the Orleans song "Still the One" at campaign events. His publisher sent a cease and desist letter to the campaign which dropped the song from their playlist. Four years later, Hall expressed similar disapproval when John McCain's presidential campaign also used the song without asking for permission.
During the fall of 2005, Hall's concern about the environment and the Iraq War, and dissatisfaction with Sue Kelly, the U.S. Representative for his new home town, contributed to his decision to set musical projects aside and run for the seat in New York's 19th congressional district. He defeated several other Democratic candidates in the primary and Kelly in the general election. In the House of Representatives, Hall served on the Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the House Veterans Affairs Committee. He was appointed to be chairman of the Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs. He was one of three freshmen representatives assigned a subcommittee chairmanship. As chair of the VA Disability and Memorial Affairs subcommittee, he helped write the Veterans Claims Modernization Act of 2008, which passed the House and Senate unanimously and was signed into law by President George W. Bush, who referred to it as "good government". Hall was assigned to serve on the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and was chairman of the Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs of the Veterans Affairs Committee in the 110th Congress.
Hall was reelected in 2008 over Republican candidate Kieran Lalor, but he lost in the 2010 election to Nan Hayworth. In July 2011, Hall announced that he would not seek a rematch with Hayworth, citing the prohibitive campaign fund-raising necessary as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Citizens United v. FEC. He said he wanted to spend time with his family and travel across the country with his band. Hayworth served one term before losing reelection in 2012.
Policy positions
Despite representing a historically Republican area, Hall has described himself as a progressive Democrat. He was a member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus. In the beginning of the 110th Congress, Hall voted to raise minimum wage and federal funding of embryonic stem cell research.
Prior to the election, Hall expressed interest in drug policy reform, noting that many of his best friends and mentors in the music industry partake in recreational drug use without adverse effects. At SUNY New Paltz, during a March 11, 2006, audio interview, he said that drug prohibition had "failed" and that he agreed with Maurice Hinchey on the need for reform on Plan Colombia, medical marijuana, and a provision of the Higher Education Act that denies financial aid to students with drug offenses. However, in July 2007, John Hall voted against an amendment by Hinchey that would end the raid of medical marijuana patients.
Hall voted for the Healthcare Reform Bill that passed in the House on November 7, 2009, as well as the Senate bill on March 21, 2010. He opposed the Stupak Amendment which proposed to restrict the use of federal funds for abortion funding. He was also a critic of BP's handling of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
Campaigns
2006
Hall ran for Congress in the 19th District in the September 2006 primary race as a Democrat in . He won the primary, with a commanding 48% in a 4-way race, and faced incumbent Sue W. Kelly in the November election. Hall defeated Kelly with 51% of the vote, losing to Kelly in Putnam, Dutchess, and Rockland counties, but carrying the incumbent's home county of Westchester, as well as Orange, to pull off the upset.
According to an article in the Hudson Valley newspaper, the Middletown Times Herald-Record, two days after his primary victory, Hall, in an online chat with the progressive blog Firedoglake, was asked about his position on a possible impeachment of then-President George W. Bush. Hall stopped short of endorsing impeachment "before hearing evidence", but added that "Whether impeachment or censure, some action must be taken to circumscribe the powers of the presidency". When pressed on the issue, "he candidly reminded the probing blogger, 'I'm trying to get elected in an historically Republican district.'"
Hall was interviewed by Comedy Central-based satirist Stephen Colbert on October 19, 2006, for a "Better Know a District" segment of his popular comedy show, The Colbert Report. Stephen Colbert said that he opposes everything that John Hall stands for, but Hall was willing to talk to him; Sue Kelly turned down the opportunity to be interviewed so John Hall picked a "Smear Card" which said "My opponent smokes marijuana". Colbert replied by saying "That's a bold accusation, that someone in the press should investigate or at least look up on because it's out there now; it's out there now that Sue Kelly smokes pot. DEA, check out her house. Look for grow lights. I'm not saying it. He is". As the centerpiece of the interview, Colbert eventually convinced Hall to harmonize with him on the Orleans song "Dance with Me". He made a brief encore appearance on The Colbert Report the day after his election, November 8, joining Colbert in a harmonized rendition of The Star-Spangled Banner.
2008
Although the 19th is a historically Republican district, Republicans had trouble recruiting a strong challenger to Hall. Several potential top-tier candidates, such as State Assemblyman Greg Ball, Orange County Executive Ed Diana, and former White House Press Secretary Ari Fleischer all declined to run for the seat. Andrew Saul, head of the Federal Thrift Retirement Investment Board had begun raising funds for a campaign but announced on November 20, 2007, that he would not run. In February 2008, however, Saul was rumored to be considering entering the race once again and had launched online polls to gauge interest.
Hall drew numerous potential challengers for the 2008 race, including Iraq veteran Kieran Lalor and Westchester County Legislator George Oros. Other potential challengers included Sue Kelly, ex-Congressman Joseph J. DioGuardi, ex-State Superintendent of Insurance Howard Mills, ex-NYC Finance Commissioner and State Tax Commissioner Andrew Eristoff, Emily Pataki, the daughter of former Governor George Pataki, and ex-Pataki campaign manager Michael Finnegan. Having received the endorsement of the Republican committees in all five counties in the district, Lalor was the only remaining Republican challenger.
On November 4, 2008 Hall was re-elected to serve the 19th district of New York in the 111th session of the United States Congress. He defeated Republican newcomer Kieran Lalor, taking 59% of the vote. In January 2009, Hall declared his support for Kirsten Gillibrand becoming the junior senator of New York, a seat vacated by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.
2010
Facing a tough re-election, Hall lost to Republican nominee Nan Hayworth in the 2010 election.
Personal life
Hall married his first wife, writer Johanna Hall, who he met while playing at Cafe Wha in Greenwich Village, in 1971. They lived in Woodstock then Saugerties, New York, and have one daughter, Lillian Sofi Hall. Johanna Hall was the co-author, with Hall, of such songs as "Dance with Me" and "Still the One". In 2001, Hall married his second wife, Pamela Bingham Hall, a guitarist and attorney who has also co-written songs with Hall as Pamela Melanie Hall.
Discography
Studio albums
References
External links
Music Career Interview with John Hall
1948 births
Living people
American pop musicians
American rock musicians
Orleans (band) members
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)
University of Notre Dame alumni
Politicians from Westchester County, New York
Politicians from Rockland County, New York
School board members in New York (state)
Activists from New York (state)
American anti–nuclear power activists
American environmentalists
20th-century American musicians
21st-century American musicians
21st-century American politicians
Politicians from Baltimore
Politicians from Elmira, New York
Musicians from Maryland
People from Dover Plains, New York
Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state) |
5377971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devecser | Devecser | Devecser () is a town in Veszprém County, Hungary.
In the Middle Ages there were five villages in the area of today's Devecser: Devecser, Kisdevecser, Szék, Meggyes, and Patony. These villages expanded in the 12th and 13th century. There is an Esterházy castle in the town.
History
While the Ottomans occupied most of central Europe, the region north of lake Balaton remained in the Kingdom of Hungary (1538–1867) (captaincy between Balaton and Drava). Until 1918, DEVECSER was part of the Austrian monarchy, province of Hungary; in Transleithania after the compromise of 1867 in the Kingdom of Hungary.
During World War II, Devecser was captured by Soviet troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front on 26 March 1945 in the course of the Vienna Offensive.
Industrial accident
In October 2010, a sludge reservoir at the Ajka aluminum plant burst its banks, killing at least four people and injuring more than 120. Part of the town had to be erased due to the soil contamination, leading to the removal of some houses.
References
External links
in Hungarian
Populated places in Veszprém County |
4041997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed%20Forces%20of%20the%20North | Armed Forces of the North | The Armed Forces of the North (Forces Armées du Nord or FAN) was a Chadian rebel army active during the Chadian Civil War. Composed of FROLINAT units that remained loyal to Hissène Habré following his break from Goukouni Oueddei and the CCFAN in 1976. Consisting at first of only a few hundred Toubou and some Hajerai and Ouaddaïan fighters, FAN began its operations from bases in eastern Chad, where it received help from Sudan. Driven from N'Djamena back to its eastern refuge after the Libyan incursion of 1980, FAN scored a series of victories over Goukouni's Transitional Government of National Unity (GUNT) forces in 1982, which culminated in the recapture of N'Djamena and Habré's assumption of the presidency. FAN became the core of the new national army, Chadian National Armed Forces (FANT), in January 1983.
Further reading
Nolutshungu, Sam C. (1996) Limits of Anarchy: Intervention and State Formation in Chad University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, , pages 93, 112, 133, 136–137, 160, 167–169, 171, 180, 185–188, and 209.
See also
FROLINAT
Malloum's Military Government
Civil war in Chad (1965–1979)
References
History of Chad
Chadian–Libyan conflict
Rebel groups in Chad |
5377983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Novotn%C3%BD%20%28footballer%29 | Jiří Novotný (footballer) | Jiří Novotný (; born 7 April 1970 in Prague) is a former Czech professional footballer defender. He played for Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic, for both he played total 33 matches and scored 2 goals.
Novotný was a participant in the 2000 UEFA European Championship.
In his country he played for most of his career with Sparta Prague.
International career
International goals
Scores and results list Czech Republic's goal tally first.
References
External links
Profile at kazan-sport.narod.ru, Russian
Interview with Jiri Novotny, Russian
1970 births
Living people
Footballers from Prague
Association football midfielders
Czech footballers
Czech expatriate footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
UEFA Euro 2000 players
Czech First League players
Slovak Super Liga players
Russian Premier League players
AC Sparta Prague players
FC Slovan Liberec players
FC Rubin Kazan players
FK Baník Most players
FK Chmel Blšany players
FK Dukla Prague players
MFK Ružomberok players
Expatriate footballers in Slovakia
Expatriate footballers in Russia
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Russia |
5377989 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Novotn%C3%BD | Jiří Novotný | Jiří Novotný may refer to:
Jiří Novotný (footballer), football player
Jiří Novotný (futsal player), futsal player
Jiří Novotný (ice hockey), ice hockey player
Jiří Novotný (tennis), tennis player in the 1930s |
5377997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Gilmore | Daniel Gilmore | Daniel Gilmore (born 2 March 1983) is a former Australian rules footballer for the Fremantle Dockers in the Australian Football League.
After playing nine games in 2004, he had a frustrating 2005, only playing two games and appearing emergency nine times. After playing mainly as a defender or wingman, in 2006 he was tried as a reserve ruckman due to injuries to regular ruckmen Aaron Sandilands and Justin Longmuir. At 91 kg and 191 cm tall he is much shorter than most other ruckmen and has to rely on his leap, speed and endurance to compete.
In 2007, he continued to play as a ruckman because of long term injuries to Longmuir and Sandilands, and towards the end of the season produced some of his best football, gaining more than 20 disposals in 4 consecutive games, including a career high 31 against Essendon in round 19.
When not playing for Fremantle, Gilmore played for South Fremantle in the WAFL and in 2005 was a member of their premiership side and finished in the top 10 for the Sandover Medal. At the end of the 2009 season Gilmore was delisted from Fremantle and retired from all football to concentrate on becoming a chiropractor after winning his second WAFL premiership with South Fremantle.
Gilmore was the head coach of the Sydney University Australian National Football Club (SUANFC) in the North East Australian Football League (NEAFL) between 2013 and 2016.
He is the grandson of Brian Gilmore, a member of Footscray's 1954 premiership team.
References
External links
1983 births
Fremantle Football Club players
South Fremantle Football Club players
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Western Australia |
4042004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaloklowa%20Chickasaw | Chaloklowa Chickasaw | {{Infobox organization
| name = Chaloklowa Chickasaw Indian People
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| founder = Vernon M. Tanner
| founding_location = Hemingway, SC
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| type = Nonprofit
| tax_id = EIN 57-1081738
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| purpose = A23: Cultural, Ethnic Awareness
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| headquarters = Indiantown, South Carolina
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| leader_title = Leaders
| leader_name = Vernon M. Tanner, Chief <ref name="scia">[http://southcarolinaindianaffairs.com/members.html "South Carolina Indian Affairs Commission.] Retrieved 7 September 2022.</ref> Joe Tanner, Vice-Chief
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}}
The Chaloklowa Chickasaw Indian People or Chaloklowa Chickasaw is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization and "state-recognized group" not to be confused with a state-recognized tribe. The state of South Carolina gave them the state-recognized group and special interest organization designation under the SC Code Section 1-31-40 (A) (7)(10), Statutory Authority Chapter 139 (100-111) in 2005.
The organization claims descent from 50 Chickasaws who moved to South Carolina at the state's request in the 18th century. The Chickasaw are an indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands who formerly inhabited parts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Chaloklowa is said to come from the Chickasaw word chalokloha which means turkey. The organization sometimes refers to its leaders as mingo, a title said to derive from the Chickasaw word miko'' which means chief.
Headquarters and Purpose
The Chaloklowa Chickasaw are headquartered in Indiantown, South Carolina with members living within the counties of Florence, Marion, and Williamsburg. The organization is led by Chief Vernon Tanner and Vice-Chief Joe Tanner. The Chaloklowa Chickasaw is a nonprofit educational organization. Chief Vernon Tanner has stated that one of the Chaloklowa Chickasaws missions is to bring educational programs to schools or other activities with adults to share the true aspects of Native American life and to dispel other commonly believed myths about indigenous people.
Charity
The Chaloklowa Chickasaw organized as a 501(c)(3) public charity in 2002. The organization was awarded $100,147.00 that same year by the Administration for Native Americans (ANA) for Social and Economic Development Strategies.
Recognition Status
South Carolina recognizes "Tribes", "Groups", and "Special Interest Organizations". "State Recognized Groups" are defined by South Carolina law as meaning "a number of individuals assembled together, which have different characteristics, interests and behaviors that do not denote a separate ethnic and cultural heritage today, as they once did. This group is composed of both Native American Indians and other ethnic races. They are not all related to one another by blood. A tribal council and governmental authority unique to Native American Indians govern them". The Chaloklowa Chickasaw initially applied for recognition as a "Tribe" in February of 2005 but its application was rejected because the organization could not meet South Carolina's standards for proving historical basis due to a lack of genealogical records. The organization immediately reapplied for recognition as a "Group" and achieved this official designation a few months later, in June of 2005. Vice-Chief Joe Tanner stated that it was the intention of the organization to reapply for recognition as a "Tribe" within September of that same year. The South Carolina Commission for Minority Affairs continues to list the Chaloklowa Chickasaw Indian People as one of its "State Recognized Groups and Special Interest Organizations" and not as a state recognized tribe.
In 2003, the Chaloklowas petitioned the US Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs to try to receive federal recognition as an Indian tribe.
Other Activities
Chief Vernon Tanner, also referred to as "Mingo Big Bear Claw", has given educational presentations to elementary and middle school students.
See also
Cherokee heritage groups
Brass Ankles
Notes
References
Baca, Keith A. Native American Place Names in Mississippi. University Press of Mississippi, 2007. .
Lippert, Dorothy, Stephen J. Spignesi, and Phil Konstantin. Native American History For Dummies. For Dummies, 2007. .
Non-profit organizations based in South Carolina
Unrecognized tribes in the United States |
4042010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hex%20game | Hex game | Hex game may refer to:
Hex (board game), a strategy board game played on a hexagonal grid
Hex (video game), a turn-based strategy game for Atari ST and Amiga
Hex: Shards of Fate, a massively multiplayer online trading card game
Hex-based game or hex map, a game board design commonly used in wargames
See also
Hex (disambiguation) |
4042014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vic%20Ruggiero | Vic Ruggiero | Victor "Vic" Ruggiero, (also known as Rugaroo, Bad Vic or Lord Sluggo) is a musician, songwriter and producer from New York City who has played in reggae, blues, ska and rocksteady bands since the early 1990s, including The Slackers, Stubborn All-Stars, SKAndalous All Stars, Crazy Baldhead and The Silencers (not to be confused with the Scottish rock band The Silencers). He has also performed with punk rock band Rancid, both live and in the studio. He has released four solo acoustic albums and continues to tour and record worldwide. Ruggiero is known primarily as a singer and organist, although he also plays piano, bass, banjo, cigar box guitar, guitar, harmonica and percussion.
Ruggiero is known for his deep distinct Bronx accent. His lyrics usually follow several themes, including the apocalypse, dark humor, political distrust, paranoia, murder, irony, romance and loneliness. His songs have ranged from narrative ballads to whimsical tunes inspired by Beat generation poets, authors and songwriters, including Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and John Lennon.
Biography
Ruggiero started playing piano by ear as a fifth grader and sang with the Metropolitan Opera at age 12. While attending Ardsley High School in 1986, he played in a hardcore group Sic & Mad fronted by his friend Happy, which is how he met Marcus Geard and Ara Babajian who would later become the bass and drummer behind the Slackers. Sic & Mad played a unique cocktail of art-punk, avant-garde, New York hardcore, hip-hop, reggae, psychedelia and ska music.
Starting in 1992, The Slackers started as a trio (Vic, Luis, Marcus) and extension of Sic & Mad. Early incarnations of the group were sometimes billed as The Redlights. Later, TJ joined the group on second guitar, Marq on vocals and after 2 years, Dave and Jeremy joined as the first official horn section on tenor sax and trumpet, respectively. Glen joined on trombone/vocals in October 1997 and Ara became the band's drummer in 2001.
Vic soon became the focal point of The Slackers, also making appearances with the Stubborn All-Stars, Rancid and a host of other groups. In the late 1990s, he began making his own records and released some of these under his own label, Special Potato Records. Ruggiero has recorded several solo albums on which he plays guitar, harmonica, percussion and sings: To Live in Shame/Understanding New Jersey, Alive at the Ladybug House, Hamburguru (2007), Something In My Blind Spot (2008), On the Rag Time (2009), Songs for Clandestine Lovers (2009). Collaborations with Zoot 16GB (Meatball and Sushi Party, 2009), Kepi Ghoulie (The New Dark Ages, 2009) and wrote songs for the book/CD production, Do Not Feed The Cats in Iraq (2010) with Phil Nerges.
He has worked as the producer behind a number of releases using Special Potatoe Records as the distribution outlet for many of these early works. Ruggiero's production style has a distinctively raw sound quality to it: by not erasing sounds that would traditionally be unwanted in a recording, such as doors closing or musicians cuing each other, his productions capture a live-band atmosphere more closely. Ruggiero has also been responsible for the production of releases from European ska artists, including Mr T Bone and The Moon Invaders and has performed with Shane and the Ashes, The Phenomenauts and The Forthrites.
Special Potato
Special Potato Records began in New York during the early 1990s. The label (sometimes spelled "special Potatoe") began as the primary outlet for self-released albums and those featuring members or alumni of The Slackers. After the initial release of a Nods record, followed by a solo record, over time, Special Potato became the calling card for distribution of Ruggiero's early works and continues to release albums.
An innovative solo artist and collaborator, Ruggiero has written, recorded and produced dozens of albums that have introduced rocksteady, ska and reggae to younger generations of listeners. His solo albums in particular are influenced by early rock n roll, doo-wop, blues and punk rock.
The Slackers
Ruggiero is best known as the front man of the Third Wave Ska and Ska band The Slackers (1992–present). Early incarnations of the band were billed under The Nods, The Redlights and Sic & Mad. Smashing stereotypes of "Ska" as happy, uptempo, and shallow music, New York City's ska revolutionaries, the Slackers, play with an aggressive edge.
In 1996, The New York Times declared the Slackers to be part of "the sound of New York". Alternative Nation stated that their music is "protest music made for dim, sweaty basements, The Slackers would sound at home supporting Rancid as well as some grizzled New Orleans electric blues trio." The LA Weekly wrote about, "their unfettered energy, unerring skankability, and playful anger."
The band is known for releases featuring reggae legends like The Congos, Glen Adams of the Upsetters, Cornell Campbell and Doreen Schaeffer. In addition to these collaborative works, over the years, they have also released a dub record, collaboration with DJ Boss Harmony (who arranged and refiltered tracks), compilation of forgotten tracks, alternate versions, and remakes from the band's recording vaults. The band has also put out 3 live albums; Live at Ernestos (2000), Upsetting Ernestos (2005), Slack in Japan (2005). Since their start in 1992, the band has released two DVDs; The Slackers: A Documentary (2007) and Live at the Flamingo Cantina (2009).
Solo albums
It didn't take long for Ruggiero to get his solo career started during breaks from The Slackers. A multi-instrumentalist and pioneering producer, the New York-based singer-songwriter continues to astound audiences with his trademark vocal chops, command of keys and edgy brand of bluesy rock n roll as a one-man band. When on the road by himself, Ruggiero primarily plays guitar, harmonica and percussion.
Ruggiero has released several acoustic solo albums in the U.S., including Understanding New Jersey & Living in Sin, Alive at the Ladybug House, On the Rag Time, Something in My Blindspot and THIS Two songs on the latter ("Lonely Nites" and "Innocent Girl") were re-recorded in July 2007 for the album Something in My Blindspot. This album was recorded in Berlin and released on February 15, 2008 by German label 'Moanin'. The track "Animales" also appears on the album, Alive at the Ladybug House.
In "Something in My Blindspot", Ruggiero sings and plays guitar, bass, organ, piano and banjo. Lisa Müller from the German ska/swing band Black Cat Zoot sings on four songs. The album also features a brass band, Fanfara Kalashnikov. Drums are played by Andrei Kluge from the ska band Rolando Random & The Young Soul Rebels.
Hamburguru is a solo album that has only been released in Japan by the Ska in the World label. Some songs on the album have been previously released on the demo entitled Top Secret Bounty and Clues. On Hamburguru, he plays in his typical fashion as a "one man band" on vocals, guitar, harmonica, kick drum and hi-hat.
THIS (album) is a Hi-Fidelity recording of fan-favorites, released on the Unison Music label. (UM59) Recorded and Produced by Bruce Witkin and Ryan Dorn at the Unison Music studio in Los Angeles. Vic performs the keyboards, guitars, mandolin, accordion, and harmonica. Bass performed by Bruce Witkin and Drums performed by Rob Klonel. Acoustic guitar on "Oklahoma" by Mitch Goodman.
Ruggiero maintains a solo touring schedule, he collaborated with The Forthrights and The Ashes as well as acoustic musicians and singers, including Chris Murray, Kepi Ghoulie, Lisa Müller and Maddie Ruthless on live and studio recordings. Ruggiero's music is primarily distributed by Asian Man Records, Hellcat Records, Ska in the World, Moanin' Music and Whatevski and he continues to tour and release new material.
Ruggiero is best known for his working-class roots, political radicalism, fiery personality and unique style of ska, punk rock, blues and rock music. He has played in bands like The Nods, SKAndalous All-Stars, Stubborn All-Stars, The Silencers, Da Whole Thing, David Hillyard and the Rocksteady 7, Crazy Baldhead Sound System, Victor Rice Octet, Sic & Mad, Tremoflex9000 and more. His guest appearances include famous artists like Rancid, The Transplants or Roger Miret and the Disasters. He has been seen playing many different kinds of organs, such as Roland VK-7, Roland VK-8 and Roland VK-09, Korg CX-3, Hammond XB-1G, Hammond XK-2, Rheem Mark 7 as well as a Rhodes Piano.
Discography
Solo albums
Understanding New Jersey & Living in Sin – 2001 (Moanin' Music)
This is Special Potatoe, Vol. 1 – 2002 (Damaged Goods)
Alive at the Ladybug House – 2004 (Thought•Squad)
Mean & Nasty / Yes It's True (7" Single) (2005) (Ska in the World)
Top Secret Bountry and Clues – 2006 (Also known as "Blues and Clues," and "Bounty and Clues".)
Hamburguru – 2007 (Ska in the World)
Something in My Blindspot – 2008 (Moanin' Music)
On The Ragtime (7" EP Version) (2009) – (Silver Sprocket / Thought•Squad)
Meatball And Sushi Party (2009) (split EP with The Zoot16 G・B Version) (Ska in the World)
On The Ragtime (LP Version) (2009) – (Silver Sprocket / Thought•Squad)
Songs For Clandestine Lovers (2009) (Ska in the World)
The New Dark Ages – 2009 (split EP with Kepi Ghoulie) (Asian Man Records)
Don't Feed The Cats in Iraq (collaboration with Phil Nerges) (2010) (Asian Man Records)
Vic & Friends, Volume 1 – 2010 (Whatevski Records digital release)
Policeman (7" Single) (split EP with Maddie Ruthless/The Forthrights) (2011) ([Asbestos Records] / Underground Communique)
This (2014) (Unison Music Group)
With The Slackers
The Slackers — 1993
Better Late Than Never — 1996
Redlight — 1997
The Question — 1998
Before There Were Slackers There Were... (The Nods) – 1999
Live at Ernesto's (Live) — 2000
Wasted Days — 2001
The Slackers and Friends — 2002
Close My Eyes — 2003
International War Criminal (EP) — 2004
Upsettin' Ernesto's (Live) — 2004
The Slackers/Pulley Split — 2004
An Afternoon in Dub — 2005
Slack in Japan (Live) — 2005
Peculiar — 2006
The Boss Harmony Sessions — 2007
Self Medication — 2008
Lost and Found — 2009
The Great Rocksteady Swindle — 2010
The Radio — 2011
With Da Whole Thing
Tooth – 1998
At Version City – 1998
With Chris Murray and The Slackers
Slackness – 2005
With the SKAndalous All-Stars
Hit Me – 1997
Punk Steady – 1998
Age of Insects – 1999
With the Stubborn All-Stars
Open Season – 1995
Back With a New Batch – 1997
Nex Music – 1999
At Version City – 1999
With Tremoflex9000
Tremoflex9000 EP (Black Rhombus)
America For Sale
With The Barstool Preachers
Vocals and Organ on Track 3 – Looking Lost – 2016
Appears on
With Rancid
Life Won't Wait – 1998
Writing credits for tracks 5, 8 and 18
Hammond B3 Organ on tracks 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, 18 and 21
Piano on tracks 5, 9, 12, 14, 18 and 21
Percussion on tracks 5 and 18
Guitar on track 12
Indestructible – 2003
Keyboards
Let the Dominoes Fall −2009
Keyboards
Honor Is All We Know −2014
B3 organ
With The Transplants
Transplants – 2002
Hammond B3 Organ on tracks 2, 6, and 7
Hammond B3 Organ/Piano on tracks 9, 10, and 12
Haunted Cities – 2005
Wurlitzer, Farfisa on track 6
With Pink
Try This – 2003
keyboards
With P.O. Box
InBetweenTheLines – 2009
Keyboards and Additional Guitars on track 7:Skinocracy
With Maddie Ruthless
Policeman – 2011
With Faintest Idea
Increasing The Minimum Rage'' – 2016
Hammond B3 Organ on track 1: Circling The Drain
References
External links
Vic Ruggiero's website
Interview with Ruggiero from Tastes Like Chicken (2003)
Interview with Ruggiero from In Music We Trust (1998)
Interview with Ruggiero from Ska Blah Blah (2007)
Living people
American male singers
American ska singers
People from the Bronx
American reggae musicians
Singers from New York City
Year of birth missing (living people)
The Slackers members |
4042018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/129P/Shoemaker%E2%80%93Levy | 129P/Shoemaker–Levy | 129P/Shoemaker–Levy, also known as Shoemaker–Levy 3, is a periodic comet in the Solar System. It fits the definition of an Encke-type comet with (TJupiter > 3; a < aJupiter), and is a quasi-Hilda comet.
This comet should not be confused with Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 (D/1993 F2), which spectacularly crashed into Jupiter in 1994.
References
External links
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
129P/Shoemaker-Levy 3 – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
Elements and Ephemeris for 129P/Shoemaker-Levy – Minor Planet Center
129P at Kronk's Cometography
Periodic comets
Encke-type comets
0129
Discoveries by Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Discoveries by Eugene Merle Shoemaker
Discoveries by David H. Levy
Comets in 2014
19910207 |
4042044 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Osage | Fort Osage | Fort Osage (also known as Fort Clark or Fort Sibley) was an early 19th-century factory trading post run by the United States Government in western Missouri on the American frontier; it was located in present-day Sibley, Missouri. The Treaty of Fort Clark, signed with certain members of the Osage Nation in 1808, called for the United States to establish Fort Osage as a trading post and to protect the Osage from tribal enemies.
It was one of three forts established by the U.S. Army to establish control over the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase territories west of the Mississippi River. Fort Madison in SE Iowa was built to control trade and pacify Native Americans in the Upper Mississippi River region. Fort Belle Fontaine, near St. Louis, controlled the mouth of the Missouri at the Mississippi.
Fort Osage ceased operations in the 1820s as the Osage in subsequent treaties had ceded the rest of their land in Missouri to the US. A replica of the fort was constructed on the site between 1948 and 1961. The Fort Osage school district (including Fort Osage High School), which serves northeast Independence and the surrounding area, was named after it.
Background
During their famous expedition up the Missouri River in seeking the Northwest Passage to the Pacific Ocean, Americans Meriwether Lewis and William Clark noted this spot in June 1804, as they camped for the night just across the river:
high commanding position, more than 70 feet above high-water mark, and overlooking the river, which is here but of little depth...
In the same year Pierre Chouteau, part of the Chouteau fur trading family and an agent for the Osage, took Osage chiefs to Washington, DC to meet President Thomas Jefferson who promised to build them a trading post. Previously Jefferson promoted his plan of expanding Federal trading posts on the frontier as means to remove the harmful influence of individual merchants by "undersell[ing] private traders" to make them withdraw from borderlands and "earn the good will of the Indians".
Foundation
William Clark led a team in September 1808 back to the site to begin construction of Fort Osage. In November 1808 Pierre Chouteau negotiated the Treaty of Fort Clark with certain members of the Osage Nation, for the fort to be built for the protection of the Osage. The specific terms of the deal noted:
The United States being anxious to promote peace, friendship and intercourse with the Osage tribes, to afford them every assistance in their power, and to protect them from the insults and injuries of other tribes of Indians, situated near the settlements of the white people, have thought proper to build a fort on the right bank of the Missouri, a few miles above the Fire Prairie, and do agree to garrison the same with as many regular troops as the President of the United States may, from time to time, deem necessary for the protection of all orderly, friendly and well disposed Indians of the Great and Little Osage nations, who reside at this place, and who do strictly conform to, and pursue the counsels or admonitions of the President of the United States through his subordinate officers.
In exchange for access to the trading post, the attending Osage agreed to cede all of their lands east of the fort in Louisiana Territory to the US. This effectively left them with a small band of territory on the extreme western border of what is now the state of Missouri. The Great Osage were to receive $1,000 and the Little Osage were to get $500.
Operations
The fort was officially christened "Fort Osage" by Captain Eli Clemson; he commanded the military garrison at Fort Osage from 1808 until it was evacuated in 1813. It has also been informally referred to as "Fort Clark" in honor of William Clark, who was in charge of Indian Affairs. It was one of the first United States military installations in Louisiana Territory and became a major stopping point for visitors traveling the Missouri. Daniel Boone was to visit it in 1814, at the age of 81, while on one of his last hunting trips. Sacagawea and her husband, Toussaint Charbonneau, who had accompanied the Lewis and Clark Expedition, also stayed at the fort on their way back north to Dakota Territory after time in St. Louis.
Fort Osage was abandoned in June 1813 during the War of 1812 because it was not considered to be under threat. Since most of the war's fighting was further east and north, the soldiers there were transferred to different locations. After the war the fort was reoccupied in 1815. Fort Osage was for many years a productive trading location, with the first Factor George C. Sibley reporting prosperous trade with the Osage due to goods being sold "at prices less than half what the traders extort from them..."
Abandonment
The end of the War of 1812 and the Adams–Onís Treaty removed the threat of Spanish or British-backed Indigenous campaigns against the United States throughout the Louisiana Purchase. As the Osage ceded more and more of their land, the US established a new trading post at Fort Scott, Kansas, closer to the ancestral villages near the headwaters of the Osage River near Nevada, Missouri.
Fort Osage formally was closed in 1822, but remained a landmark on the Santa Fe Trail and a transit point for supplies going north. By 1836 it had been obliterated; local settlers took its pre-cut wood to use for building houses and barns. The factory house was the last remaining structure, but it burned to the ground, leaving only the rock foundation.
Fort Osage National Historic Landmark
Archaeologists rediscovered the foundations of Fort Osage in the 1940s. The station was reconstructed to portray Fort Osage as it was in 1812 by using the preserved surveys created by William Clark and others. This made restoration to exact specifications possible.
The rebuilt post has been designated as Fort Osage National Historic Landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is owned and operated by Jackson County Parks and Recreation of Missouri. It is open to the public Tuesday through Sunday from 9:00am to 4:30pm year round.
The Fort Osage Education Center, opened in November 2007, contains exhibits about the site's geology, 19th century natural history, the Hopewell and Osage native cultures, Lewis and Clark, Fort Osage, and the Missouri River. In addition, the location has living history demonstrations about early 19th-century military and civilian life.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Missouri
National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Missouri
References
External links
Fort Osage National Historic Landmark
Santa Fe Trail Research
Osage
Osage Nation
1808 establishments in the United States
National Historic Landmarks in Missouri
Kansas City metropolitan area
Native American history of Missouri
Natural history museums in Missouri
Museums in Jackson County, Missouri
Military and war museums in Missouri
Osage
Pre-statehood history of Missouri
Trading posts in the United States
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
National Register of Historic Places in Jackson County, Missouri |
4042051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%27m%20from%20Hollywood | I'm from Hollywood | I'm from Hollywood is a 1989 comedy documentary film about the adventures of late performance artist Andy Kaufman in the world of professional wrestling. The film includes interviews with Taxi co-stars Marilu Henner and Tony Danza and interviews with comedian Robin Williams, wrestler Jerry Lawler, wrestling commentator Lance Russell, and Kaufman's best friend, Bob Zmuda. Other people seen in the film include TV host David Letterman and Jimmy Hart of Continental Wrestling Association. The film's title refers to a phrase spoken by Kaufman to the Memphis wrestling audience.
The documentary's ending is intentionally misleading, as it gives the impression that the feud ended with Kaufman successfully getting revenge on Lawler during a match with Jimmy Hart and The Assassins.
In reality, this match happened only halfway into the two-year-long feud.
The documentary was directed by Kaufman's girlfriend, Lynne Margulies, and Joe Orr. Kaufman himself began work with Margulies and Orr on the film in 1983, shortly before he was diagnosed with cancer. Margulies and Orr, at Kaufman's request, finished I'm from Hollywood after the performer's death.
Home video release
I'm from Hollywood was released on VHS on June 15, 1998 and November 16, 1999. It was also released on DVD on April 25, 2000 and as a special edition on November 20, 2007. The April 2000 edition also includes My Breakfast with Blassie, a 1983 parody of My Dinner with Andre in which Kaufman has a conversation with Freddie Blassie over breakfast at a pancake house.
References
External links
1989 films
Professional wrestling documentary films
Documentary films about comedy and comedians
American documentary films
1989 documentary films
Andy Kaufman
1980s English-language films
1980s American films |
5378000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replicas%20of%20the%20Statue%20of%20Liberty | Replicas of the Statue of Liberty | Hundreds of replicas of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) have been created worldwide. The original Statue of Liberty is 151 feet tall and stands on a pedestal that is 154 feet tall, making the height of the entire sculpture 305 feet.
France
Paris
Musée d'Orsay
On the occasion of the Exposition Universelle of 1900, sculptor Frédéric Bartholdi crafted a 1/16 scale, 2.743 metre (nine-foot) version of his Liberty Enlightening the World. It was cast in 1889 and he subsequently gave it to the Musée du Luxembourg. In 1905, the statue was placed outside the museum in the Jardin du Luxembourg, where it stood for over a century, until 2014. It currently stands within the entrance hall to the Musée d'Orsay, and a newly constructed bronze replica stands in its place in the Jardin du Luxembourg.
Île aux Cygnes
This statue was given in 1889 to France by U.S. citizens living in Paris to celebrate the French Revolution three years after the main statue in New York was inaugurated. Originally, the statue was turned towards the east in order to face the Eiffel Tower. In 1937 it was turned towards the west so that it would be facing the original statue in New York. It is one of three replicas in Paris.
The statue is near the Grenelle Bridge on the Île aux Cygnes, a man-made island in the Seine (). It is a quarter-scale version ( high), and was one of the working models used during construction of the actual Statue of Liberty. This model weighs 14 tons. It was inaugurated on 4 July 1889. Its tablet bears two dates: "IV JUILLET 1776" (4 July 1776: the United States Declaration of Independence) like the New York statue, and "XIV JUILLET 1789" (14 July 1789: the storming of the Bastille) associated with an equal sign. This statue is shown in the film National Treasure: Book of Secrets as a historic location.
Former Musée des Arts et Métiers location
The tall original plaster maquette finished in 1878 by Auguste Bartholdi that was used to make the statue in New York is in the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris. This original plaster model was bequeathed by the artist's widow in 1907, together with part of the artist's estate.
On the square outside the Musée des Arts et Métierss entrance was a bronze copy made from the plaster maquette, number 1 from an original edition of 12, made by the museum and cast by Susse Fondeur Paris. It was this replica that was shipped to America under a joint effort by the Embassy of France in the United States, the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers and the shipping company CMA CGM Group. After spending time on Ellis Island for Independence Day 2021, it now resides at the French ambassador's residence in Washington, D.C.
Flame of Liberty
A life-size copy of the torch, Flame of Liberty, can be seen above the entrance to the Pont de l'Alma tunnel near the Champs-Élysées in Paris. It was given to the city as a return gift in honour of the centennial celebration of the statue's dedication. Since it is above the Pont de l'Alma car tunnel in which Princess Diana died, the torch became an unofficial memorial to the princess.
Barentin
There is a 13.5 m (44 feet) polyester replica in the northwest of France, in the small town of Barentin near Rouen. It was made for a French movie, Le Cerveau ("The Brain"), directed by Gérard Oury and featuring actors Jean-Paul Belmondo and Bourvil.
Bordeaux
There is a replica of the statue in the city of Bordeaux. The first Bordeaux statue was seized and melted down by the Nazis in World War II. The statue was replaced in 2000 and a plaque was added to commemorate the victims of the 11 September terrorist attacks. On the night of 25 March 2003, unknown vandals poured red paint and gasoline on the replica and set it on fire. The vandals also cracked the pedestal of the plaque. The mayor of Bordeaux, former prime minister Alain Juppé, condemned the attack.
Colmar
A replica of the Statue of Liberty in Colmar, the city of Bartholdi's birth, was dedicated on 4 July 2004, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of his death. It stands at the north entrance of the city. The Bartholdi Museum in Colmar contains numerous models of various sizes made by Bartholdi during the process of designing the statue.
Saint-Cyr-sur-Mer
Frédéric Bartholdi donated a copy of the Statue of Liberty to the town square of Saint-Cyr-sur-Mer.
Other French cities
Other Liberty Enlightening the World statues are displayed in Poitiers and Lunel. The Musée des beaux-arts de Lyon owns a terracotta version.
Near Chaumont, Haute Marne, is a miniature replica in the flag plaza of the former Chaumont Air Base. This was the home of the US 48th Tactical Fighter Wing, now based at Lakenheath, England, with its own statue at the flag plaza. The 48th TFW is the only USAF wing with a name: "The Statue of Liberty Wing".
Another example is of a Liberty Enlightening the World replica in Châteauneuf-la-Forêt, near the city of Limoges in the area of Haute-Vienne, Limousin. There is another "original" Bartholdi replica at Roybon (near Grenoble)
There is a small replica on Promenade des Anglais in Nice.
Other European countries
Austria
In Minimundus, a miniature park located at the Wörthersee in Carinthia, Austria, is another replica of the Statue of Liberty.
In Graz, standing between the Opera House and the NextLiberty Theater, stands a steel structure built out of steel beams, that depict the original size of the statue of liberty, before the plates of the final form were being put into place. Instead of torch of flame, this depiction is holding a sword in extended left arm and a sphere in the right arm representing the world.
Denmark
A small replica in lego is situated in Legoland in Billund.
Germany
A copy is in the German Heidepark Soltau theme park, located on a lake with cruising Mississippi steamboats. It weighs 28 metric tons (31 short tons), is made of plastic foam on a steel frame with polyester cladding, and was designed by the Dutch artist Gerla Spee.
Ireland
A green painted replica of the Statue of Liberty can be found near Mulnamina More, County Donegal, Ireland.
Kosovo
A replica stands atop the Hotel Victory in Pristina, Kosovo.
Netherlands
A 33 ft (10 m) replica has its temporary location in the Dutch city of Assen. The statue bears characteristic features that represent the culture and landscape of the region, like a can of beans instead of the original torch. The replica, by sculptor Natasja Bennink, was on display for the duration of an exhibition on American Realism in the Drents Museum until 27 May 2018.
Norway
A smaller replica is in the Norwegian village of Visnes, where the copper used in the original statue was mined. A replica is also on the facade of a pub in Bleik, county of Nordland
Spain
In 1897 a replica in iron and bronze was erected in Cenicero, Spain, to honor local fighters during the First Carlist War. In 1936 it was removed during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. It was restored in 1976.
The in Barcelona has in its entrance a replica from 1894. She welcomes visitors to the library, which is devoted to the labour movement, anarchism, and freemasonry.
Cadaqués, a small village that was residence of Salvador Dalí, has an unusual version, with both hands up. It is on top of a small tourism information office.
Ukraine
There is a unique "sitting" Statue of Liberty in the Ukrainian city of Lviv. It is a sculpture on a dome of the house (15, Freedom Avenue) built by architect Yuriy Zakharevych and decorated by sculptor Leandro Marconi in 1874–91.
United Kingdom
A , 9,200 kg (9.2 tons) replica stood atop the Liberty Shoe factory in Leicester, England, until 2002 when the building was demolished. The statue was put into storage while the building was replaced. The statue, which dates back to the 1920s, was initially going to be put back on the replacement building, but was too heavy, so in December 2008 following restoration, it was placed on a pedestal near Liberty Park Halls of Residence on a traffic island, "Liberty Circus", close to where it originally stood.
A replica is in the stairwell of a bowling alley building in Warrington, England. It used to be above the entrance of a restaurant nearby.
There is also a small replica located at RAF Lakenheath, England, at the base flag plaza, made from leftover copper from the original.
North America
Canada
In Coquitlam, British Columbia a small replica stands on Delestre Avenue just east of North Road.
Mexico
In Campeche, Mexico, there is a small replica in the small town of Palizada.
In Durango, Mexico, a small replica is in Parque Guadiana. This park also has other small reproductions such as the Eiffel Tower and Taj Mahal.
United States
From 1902 to 2002, visitors to midtown Manhattan were occasionally disoriented by what seemed to be an impossibly nearby view of the statue. They were seeing a replica located at 43 West 64th Street atop the Liberty Warehouse. In February 2002, the statue was removed by the building's owners to allow the building to be expanded. It was donated to the Brooklyn Museum of Art, which installed it in its sculpture garden in October 2005 with plans to restore it on site in spring of 2006.
A replica that used to reside at the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris was shipped to America under a joint effort by the Embassy of France in the United States, the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers and the shipping company CMA CGM Group. After spending time on Ellis Island for Independence Day 2021, it now resides at the French ambassador's residence in Washington, D.C.
A bronze sculpture of the Statue of Liberty is on display in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.
Duluth, Minnesota, has a small copy on the south corner of the Duluth Entertainment Convention Center property, in the center of a clearing surrounded by pine trees where it may be passed unnoticed. It was presented to the city by some of Bartholdi's descendants residing in Duluth.
The Boy Scouts of America celebrated their fortieth anniversary in 1950 with the theme of "Strengthen the Arm of Liberty". Between 1949 and 1952, approximately two hundred replicas of the statue, made of stamped copper, were purchased by Boy Scout troops and donated in 39 states in the U.S. and several of its possessions and territories. The project was the brainchild of Kansas City businessman J.P. Whitaker, who was then Scout Commissioner of the Kansas City Area Council. The copper statues were manufactured by Friedley-Voshardt Co. (Chicago, Illinois) and purchased through the Kansas City Boy Scout office by those wanting one. The statues are approximately tall without the base, are constructed of sheet copper, weigh , and originally cost $350 plus freight. The mass-produced statues are not great art nor meticulously accurate (a conservator notes that "her face isn't as mature as the real Liberty. It's rounder and more like a little girl's"), but they are cherished, particularly since 9/11. Many have been lost or destroyed, but preservationists have been able to account for about a hundred of them, and BSA Troop 101 of Cheyenne, Wyoming, has collected photographs of over 100 of them. They are commonly installed at city halls, libraries, and schools. One of these statues was sent to the Philippines. After some years at the mouth of the Pasig River, Manila, it was kept in a store room at the Scout Reservation, Makiling, Laguna, for about two decades. It is now stored at the national office of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines, Manila.
A nine-foot-tall replica of the Statue, built in 1950, stands in Warner Park in Madison, Wisconsin.
A replica of the original statue was unveiled on 12 October 2011, at 667 Madison Avenue in Manhattan. Its owner, billionaire Leonard N. Stern, purchased it after reading about it in the local news. The replica is one of only 12 cast from the original mold created by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi using digital surface scanning and lost-wax casting methods, and is the only one currently on public display. The statue itself is 9 feet tall and 15 feet including the pedestal on which it stands.
There is a half-size replica at the New York-New York Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. In April 2011, the U.S. Postal Service announced that three billion postage stamps mistakenly based on a photograph of this replica were produced and would be sold to the public. In November 2013, the statue's sculptor, Robert Davidson, filed a copyright infringement suit against the U.S. government.
Another small replica exists in Las Vegas on Route 589 near Arville St in a plaza parking lot.
The city of Sioux Falls, South Dakota, erected a replacement bronze reproduction standing tall in McKennan Park atop the original pedestal of a long-vanished wooden replica.
A bronze replica, accurately based on Bartholdi's Liberty Enlightening the World, stands in Vestavia Hills, a suburb of Birmingham, Alabama. It was cast in 1956 at the Société Antoine Durenne foundry in Somerville, Haut Marne, France, for placement in 1958 atop the Liberty National Life Insurance Company building in downtown Birmingham. It was relocated and placed on a granite pedestal adjacent to Interstate 459 in 1989.
Two copper replicas by sculptor Leo Lentelli stand atop the Liberty National Bank Building in Buffalo, New York, nearly above street level.
A replica sits on the ruins of the late Marysville Bridge (erected on a platform (pier)) in the Dauphin Narrows of Susquehanna River north of Harrisburg. The replica was built by local activist Gene Stilp on July 2, 1986; it was made of Venetian blinds and stood tall. Six years later, after it was destroyed in a windstorm, it was rebuilt by Stilp and other local citizens, of wood, metal, glass and fiberglass, to a height of .
A Lego replica of the Statue of Liberty consisting of 2882 bricks and standing is a popular sculpture among Lego enthusiasts. The statue went out of production, but due to popular demand was returned to sale.
A 1/12 replica of the Statue of Liberty made essentially out of junk stands at the intersection of US 280 and US 341 in McRae, Georgia. The head is made out of a stump from a nearby swamp, the arm holding the torch is made from styrofoam and the hand holding the book is actually an electric lineman's glove. The town's Lion's Club erected the replica in 1986 during the statue's centennial.
An miniature Statue of Liberty (holding a Bible instead of a tablet) currently stands atop a pedestal outside the Liberty Recycling plant in San Marcos, California. The company was named after the statue, which has been moved throughout northern San Diego County for over 80 years, originating at the Liberty Hotel in Leucadia, in the 1920s.
A replica of the statue, lofting a Christian cross, holding the Ten Commandments, and named the Statue of Liberation through Christ, was erected by a predominantly African American church in Memphis, Tennessee, on 4 July 2006.
A small replica stands on the grounds of the Cherokee Capitol Building in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, a gift from the local Boy Scouts in 1950 (presumably as part of the above-mentioned national Boy Scout celebration).
Fargo, North Dakota, also had a replica of the Statue of Liberty on the corner of Main Avenue and 2nd Street at the entrance of the Main Avenue bridge, which was reported stolen on July 26, 2019.
There is a replica on the shoreline of Lake Chaubunagungamaug in Webster, Massachusetts.
A 1/6-scale replica (≈50 feet including pedestal) stands in a parking lot of a strip mall in Milwaukie, Oregon, off McLoughlin Blvd at 4255 SE Roethe Rd.
A replica stands at Statue of Liberty Plaza in West Seattle, Washington, at Alki Beach Park.
A replica overlooks Interstate 5 in Everett, Washington from a private residence.
A replica of the Statue of Liberty stands on Mackinac Island, Michigan.
A replica of the Statue of Liberty is located in the downtown area of New Castle, Pennsylvania.
A replica of the Statue of Liberty is located near the Lincoln High School in Ellwood City, Pennsylvania.
A bronze replica of the Statue of Liberty resides in Neenah, Wisconsin. It was cast in California by the Great American Bronze Works. This version of the Statue of Liberty is 14 feet, 6 inches tall. It is 10 percent the size of the original.
A replica approximately the same size as an adult person is located alongside Highway 80 at the west end of Forney, Texas. An earlier installation stood from 1986 until May 2016, when it was removed to make way for highway construction. As of November, 2019, it has been replaced in nearly the same spot, this time painted a darker green and with a illuminated torch.
There is a statue of liberty replica in the small town of Burns, Oregon at the park called Washington park.
In Lake Michigan campground in Wisconsin, There will be a new sculpture park, The first artifact will be the Statue of Liberty, It will be designed by many architects from New York, Pennsylvania, Florida, France, Minnesota, and of course, Wisconsin, It will be under construction on June 5, 2020.
South America
Argentina
In Buenos Aires there is a small iron replica in Barrancas de Belgrano Square, cast by Bartholdi from the same mould as those cast in Paris; although it is much smaller. It was inaugurated on 3 October 1886, 25 days before the one in New York. Another replica was bought by the government and placed in a school, Colegio Nacional Sarmiento, about the same date. There is another replica in Plaza Libertad (Liberty Square) in the city of Villa Aberastain, San Juan. This one arrived at the city in 1909 due to a confusion since it had to be shipped to San Juan, Puerto Rico instead. There are also two cheaper non-metallic replicas; one is 6 m tall, located in the "New York" Casino in San Luis and the other crowns a commercial gallery, "Galería de Fabricantes", in Munro, a city in the northeast suburbs of Buenos Aires.
Brazil
In Bangu, Rio de Janeiro exists a nickel replica made by Bartholdi in 1899. Bartholdi was commissioned by José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco to make a replica in order to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Republic of Brazil. Until 1940, the statue was Paranhos family property. In 1940 the statue was passed to Guanabara State. On 20 January 1964, Carlos Lacerda, governor of Guanabara State, placed the statue in Miami Square, Bangu.
A small-scale cast metal replica can be found in Maceió, the capital of Alagoas State, in northeast Brazil. The replica is in front of a building constructed in 1869 as the seat of the Conselho Provincial (Provincial Council), and which today is the Museu da Imagem e do Som de Alagoas (Museum of Image and Sound of Alagoas). This replica is possibly a casting produced by the in France, as in the Praça Lavenere Machado (formerly Praça Dois Leões) on the opposite side of the museum, there are four somewhat larger-than-life size cast metal statues of wild animals, at least one of which is embossed with the name of the foundry. These castings and the replica all appear to be made of similar material and to be of similar age. It is also probable that they are near contemporaries of the actual Statue of Liberty.
A large modern replica stands in front of the New York City Center, a shopping center constructed in 1999 in Barra da Tijuca in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
The Havan department store chain has replicas in many of their stores. The largest one of these, 57 meters tall, is allegedly in the Barra Velha branc, in the state of Santa Catarina. There is another large replica the parking area of a Havan Department Store on the outskirts of Curitiba, in the State of Paraná, opened in 2000.
Also, there is a small replica of the statue in Belém, in front of a Belém Importados store, near the city's port.
Ecuador
In Guayaquil, a little replica gives the name of "New York" to a neighborhood in the Valle Alto area.
Peru
In Lima the New York Casino in the Jesús María District has a small replica in the main entrance. The casino is a tribute to the state of New York and the USA.
Asia
India
A small replica can be found in Vardhaman Fantasy, an amusement park in Mira Road, Mumbai along with other six wonders of the world.
The 7 wonders of the world are made in Eco Park, Kolkata, West Bengal.
Another small replica can be found in Seven Wonders Park, a park in Kotri, Kota, Rajasthan along with other six wonders of the world.
Malaysia
A large replica can be found in Genting Highlands in the state of Pahang.
Singapore
A small replica can be found in Haw Par Villa, a theme park.
China
Guangzhou
Siting on top of the memorial tomb of "72 Martyrs of Huanghuagang" (see Huanghuagang Uprising). The current one was re-built in 1981.
Beijing
During the Tiananmen Square protest of 1989, Chinese student demonstrators in Beijing built a 10 m (33 ft) image called the Goddess of Democracy, which sculptor Tsao Tsing-yuan said was intentionally "dissimilar" to the Statue of Liberty to avoid being "too openly pro-American." (See article for a list of replicas of that statue.)
Shenzhen
A replica can be found in Window of the World Park.
Israel
A 15 foot high replica of the Statue of Liberty is at the western entrance of the village of Arraba in Israel, near a local restaurant.
At a highway intersection in Jerusalem called "New York Square," there is an abstract skeletal replica of the statue.
Japan
The French Statue of Liberty from the Île aux Cygnes came to Odaiba, Tokyo, from April 1998 to May 1999 in commemoration of "The French year in Japan". Because of its popularity, in 2000 a replica of the French Statue of Liberty was erected at the same place. Also in Japan, a small Statue of Liberty is in the Amerika-mura (American Village) shopping district in Osaka, Japan. Another replica is in Oirase near the town of Shimoda south of Misawa in Aomori Prefecture, where the United States has an 8,000-person U.S. Air Force base. A replica of the Statue of Liberty in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, was damaged by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. There is also a replica in Oyabe, Toyama.
Pakistan
There are replicas of the Statue of Liberty in Bahria Town, Lahore, and also in Bahria Town Phase 8, Islamabad.
Philippines
As early as January 1945, there were already news of a campaign that would help erect a Statue of Liberty replica in the Philippines. The said monument was supposed to be sponsored by The Chicago Daily Times whose goal was "to commemorate one of the great epics in the struggle for human freedom–the liberation of the Philippines."
Fast forward to 1950, the Boy Scouts of America was celebrating its 40th anniversary. Jack P. Whitaker, then Scout Commissioner of the Kansas City Area Council, had earlier suggested the creation and distribution of several Statue of Liberty replicas to all American states and territories, including the Philippines.
The eight-foot statues, which were cast in bronze, were distributed all over the U.S. and the world from 1949 to 1951. Almost 200 replicas were delivered to the 39 states of the U.S. and countries such as Panama and Puerto Rico. The Boy Scouts of the Philippines, on the other hand, received its own replica in the early part of 1950.
The statues were donated by the Boy Scouts of America as "an expression of scout brotherhood and goodwill." Their 40th anniversary theme was "Strengthen the Arm of Liberty."
Miniature versions of the statue were also given as gifts. The Philippines became the first independent nation to receive one of the 4,000 eight-inch statues from the Boy Scouts of America. In April 1950, the said statue was officially given by Chief Scout Executive Arthur A. Shuck to Carlos P. Romulo, then chief of the Philippine Mission to the United Nations.
In the Philippines, several places were suggested as the site where the eight-foot bronze replica would be erected. The task of choosing the perfect site was delegated to the National Urban Planning Commission, and among those it considered were “Engineer Island, atop the proposed reviewing stand on the Rizal Park, and on the center island rotunda between the Old Legislative building and Manila City Hall.”
In the end, the Boy Scouts of the Philippines (BSP) erected the statue just outside Intramuros. As the icon of the United States, the replica of Lady Liberty would survive several attacks by student protesters in the 1960s. It remained standing until the early 1970s, when the BSP decided to transfer it to the Scout Reservation in Mt. Makiling which would serve as the statue's home for two decades or so.
In a 2002 article published by the Philippine Star, then BSP PR head Nixon Canlapan revealed that the Statue of Liberty was eventually moved and stored at the BSP headquarters on Concepcion Street (now Natividad Almeda-Lopez) in Ermita, Manila.
Turns out, the American-sponsored replica was not the first Lady Liberty in Manila. In the 1930s, one of Manila's biggest shopping stores at that time became the talk of the town not just for its products but also for its unique multi-story building. Located in Juan Luna Street, the L.R. Aguinaldo's Emporium had an Art Deco facade featuring two contrasting statues: Andres Bonifacio on the right and the Statue of Liberty on the left.
Established by Philippine retailing pioneer Leopoldo R. Aguinaldo, the store would later become known as the Aguinaldo's Department Store. After the war, Leopoldo's son Francisco took over the business and the store was moved to Echague.
The Echague branch in the 1950s was known for introducing its customers to quality products both from the Philippines and abroad. It also commissioned young interior designers to update the store's furniture section. Thus, the store catapulted the careers of famous designers like Myra Cruz, Edgar Ramirez, and Bonnie Ramos, among others. Aguinaldo's succumbed to the competition and closed in the 1960s. The original building in Juan Luna Street still stands, along with both the Bonifacio and the Liberty statues.
Since the creation of the Liberty statues in Intramuros and Juan Luna Street, other Philippine provinces soon followed suit. Statue of Liberty replicas in can be found in Pangasinan and as far as Camp John Hay amphitheater in Baguio.
Thailand
The Mini Siam and Mini Europe model village, in Pattaya, has a miniature Statue of Liberty amongst others.
Taiwan
There are at least two Statue of Liberty replicas (greater than 30 feet in height) in Taiwan. These two statues are in the cities of Keelung and Taipei.
Vietnam
From 1887 to 1945, Hanoi was home to another copy of the statue. Measuring tall, it was erected by the French colonial government after being sent from France for an exhibition. It was known to locals unaware of its history as (Statue of the Western lady wearing dress). When the French lost control of French Indochina during World War II, the statue was toppled on 1 August 1945, after being deemed a vestige of the colonial government along with other statues erected by the French.
Australia
A 30-foot replica can also be seen at the Westfield Marion shopping complex in Adelaide, South Australia.
References
External links
Statues of Liberty in the world
Replica Statue of Liberty Search
Quick view of Statue of Liberty
Liberty symbols
Lists of replicas
Outdoor sculptures
Scale modeling |
4042052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political%20general | Political general | A political general is a general officer or other military leader without significant military experience who is given a high position in command for political reasons, through political connections, or to appease certain political blocs and factions.
In the United States, this concept was demonstrated by commissions and appointments during the American Civil War, in both the Union and the Confederacy.
History
American Civil War
Most of the top generals on the Union and Confederate sides were graduates of West Point and were career military officers. In addition to military training, many of them had battlefield experience gained during the Mexican–American War or American Indian wars, such as the Third Seminole War in Florida. Due to the necessity of raising large-scale citizen armies, both presidents, Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis, for various reasons appointed a number of the so-called political generals. Some of them, such as John A. Logan on the Union side, or Richard Taylor on the Confederate, developed into competent military leaders and were respected by their subordinates and superiors alike. Others turned out to be "disastrously incompetent."
Appeasement of political groups
The most important reason for appointing political generals was to appease important blocs of voters. U.S. President Abraham Lincoln used such appointments as a way to get the support of moderate Democrats for the war and for his administration ("War Democrats"). The first three volunteer generals whom Lincoln appointed, John Adams Dix, Nathaniel Prentice Banks and Benjamin F. Butler, were all Democrats. They were the three most senior major generals in the Union Army. Republicans were also appointed, including Richard James Oglesby of Illinois.
Geopolitical
Other promotions were used to gain the support of the specific group they represented, especially in cases of foreign immigrants. One of the largest ethnic groups in the U.S. at the time was relatively recent German immigrants, who had arrived in the late 1840s and early 1850s, after the revolutions in German principalities. Prominent ethnic German civilian leaders, such as Franz Sigel and Carl Schurz, both of whose last military experience prior to the Civil War was fighting on the losing side of the 1848 revolutions in Germany, were appointed to high rank for their usefulness in rallying fellow immigrants to the cause.
Two prominent Irish immigrants were also given promotions, as many Irish had arrived following the famines in Ireland. Thomas F. Meagher and Michael Corcoran were promoted, who prior to the war had been a captain and a colonel, respectively, in the New York State Militia. Meagher attempted to resign in December 1863. Corcoran died and Meagher's resignation was revoked to keep at least one Irishman in command.
Other officers were highly successful in their attempts to rally large numbers of troops, whether they were native born or foreign born. For instance, Daniel Sickles recruited large numbers of troops from New York.
Border states
The Confederacy also appointed numerous political generals, for largely the same reasons. They also used many such appointments to influence the Confederate sympathizers in the border states, which had not seceded from the union.
Former Vice President John C. Breckinridge was appointed as a general in the hopes that he would inspire the citizens of Kentucky to join the Confederate Army.
Other
Another reason for the appointment of political generals during the American Civil War was the great expansion of the number of men in each army and the large number of volunteer soldiers. Men who were prominent civilian leaders, such as businessmen, lawyers and politicians, were chosen to continue their leadership in command of a volunteer regiment.
Evaluation
Ezra J. Warner noted that during the American Civil War, a large number of political generals, including Sigel and Banks for the Union and Breckinridge for the Confederacy, were undoubtedly popular with their men, largely because of their ties to the specific groups they represented. However, the vast majority were considered incompetent due to their being essentially amateur soldiers with no prior training or knowledge. This was a particularly large problem for the Union, where such generals were typically given fairly important commands.
Brooks D. Simpson claimed that misdeeds of three particular political general on the Union side, Butler, Banks, and Sigel, "contributed to a military situation in the summer of 1864 where the Northern public, anticipating decisive victory with Grant in command, began to wonder whether it was worth it to continue the struggle—something on voters' minds as they pondered whether to give Honest Abe another four years in office. Perhaps Lincoln would have been wiser to dismiss these three men and risk whatever short-term damage his actions might have caused."
Addressing the phenomenon of the Union political generals, Thomas Joseph Goss wrote that, "Though much contemporary and historical attention has been placed upon these amateur commanders in the field and highlights their numerous tactical shortcomings, their assignment patterns demonstrate that political factors outweighed any military criteria in the administration's judgment of their success. For the Lincoln administration, the risk of these tactical setbacks were exceeded by the political support amassed every day these popular figures were in uniform, revealing how political generals and their West Point peers were judged using different standards based on distinct calculations of political gain and military effectiveness."
David Work made a cross-section selection of Union political generals appointed by Lincoln, eight Republicans and eight Democrats, including Francis Preston Blair, Jr., John Adams Dix, John A. Logan, and James S. Wadsworth, among others, and scrutinized their performances during the war. He came to a conclusion that Lincoln's appointments were mostly successful as they cemented the Union and did not result in critical or unrecoverable battlefield failures. In addition, all Lincoln's appointees, even including such controversial figures as Nathaniel P. Banks, Franz Sigel, and Benjamin F. Butler, demonstrated good results as logistical, recruitment and political managers in the war tumultuous times.
Benton R. Patterson emphasized that Union political generals who understood their shortcomings regarding military education and experience, i.e., former congressman John A. Logan, who rose through the war from a regiment commander to the commanding general of the Army of the Tennessee, did rather well; some, who thought that common sense, practicality and life experience are enough to wage a war, i.e., Major General Nathaniel Banks, wrought havoc on the battlefield causing unnecessary loss of lives. Patterson cited Major General Henry Halleck, a West-Pointer, who wrote in April 1864 to General William Tecumseh Sherman commenting on Banks exploits in Louisiana, "It seems but little better than murder to give important commands to such a man as Banks, Butler, McClernand, Sigel, and Lew Wallace, and yet it seems impossible to prevent it." To all political generals Patterson attributed a tendency of insubordination, as they frequently used their political connections to overwrite particular orders from their superiors. In addition, several generals, including Logan and Blair, left their commands to take part in the 1864 presidential campaign on behalf of Lincoln to the displeasure of professional soldiers.
Lincoln as commander-in-chief experienced problems not only with political generals, but with professional West-Pointers as well, as they all were unable to realize on the battlefield the decisive Union's advantage regarding manpower and military resources until Ulysses S. Grant became the general-in-chief in March 1864. Despite all of that, Lincoln, who possessed a limited military background as a captain of a militia during the Black Hawk War, did not succumb to a temptation to become involved in a war on a tactical level, instead, as James M. McPherson put it, he chose to persist "through a terrible ordeal of defeats and disappointments". On the other side, President Jefferson Davis, who was a West Point graduate, served competently as a regimental commander during the Mexican War, and was an able United States Secretary of War under Franklin Pierce in 1853–1857, intervened frequently into the conduct of war below strategic level and made appointments based on political necessity and personal attachments; these war-making approaches did not serve him well.
North Korea
Kim Kyong-hui was made a general of the Korean People's Army in September 2010, despite having little military experience beforehand.
United States
List of prominent political generals
The following is a partial list of some of the more prominent political generals on both sides, and a brief sketch of their war service.
War of 1812
Henry Dearborn, former Secretary of War (1801–1809), was appointed as Senior Officer of the US Army in 1812. Despite his largely ineffective command, he continued serving until the war ended in 1815.
Stephen van Rensselaer, candidate for Governor of New York, commanded American forces at the Battle of Queenston Heights.
Mexican–American War
James Pinckney Henderson was the incumbent governor of Texas who was granted permission from the state legislature to personally lead Texas troops in the field with the rank of major general. Henderson led the so-called "Texas Division" at the Battle of Monterrey.
Joseph Lane, an Indiana Democrat, gained a reputation as "Rough and Ready No. 2", reminiscent of Zachary Taylor's nickname.
Franklin Pierce was a politician from New Hampshire who had some notable military skills. He sustained a wound at the Battle of Churubusco and, due to the loss of blood, fainted on the field. This incident was described by his political rivals as cowardice, but was not enough to keep him from attaining the Presidency.
John A. Quitman was a judge and former governor of Mississippi who served as a brigade commander under Zachary Taylor and as a division commander under Winfield Scott. Later in the war, he also served as the military governor of Mexico City.
American Civil War
Union
Nathaniel Prentice Banks, former Governor of Massachusetts, held numerous commands during the war. He commanded the original V Corps (later XII Corps) at First Winchester, and also fought without distinction at Cedar Mountain and Second Bull Run as part of the Army of Virginia. He was transferred to the Department of the Gulf, and took part in the capture of Port Hudson, as well as the Red River Campaign. After that disastrous campaign, he was relieved of command.
Francis P. Blair, Jr., Congressman from Missouri who aided Union efforts early in the war to save his state for the Union. He became a major general in the Union Army and eventually rose to become a corps commander. He enjoyed the confidence of Sherman, who was generally skeptical of political generals. While most politicians either resigned their seat in Congress or resigned their military commission, Blair retained his seat in Congress while still serving in the field. His brother was Montgomery Blair, who was Postmaster General in Lincoln's Cabinet.
Benjamin Franklin Butler, State Senator from Massachusetts and Brigadier General in the Massachusetts militia. He lost the war's first land battle at Big Bethel on July 1, 1861, and was later put in charge of the Department of the Gulf, governing the captured New Orleans with strict discipline (and earning the derogatory nickname "Spoons" for his alleged habit of pilfering from Confederate homes). He led the Army of the James during the failed Bermuda Hundred Campaign, the Siege of Petersburg, and at Fort Fisher. After the latter, he was relieved of his command. He was later elected Governor of Massachusetts as a Democrat and ran for President in 1884 for the Greenback Party.
James A. Garfield, an Ohio State Senator, rose to the rank of major general of volunteers. He served as a brigade commander in the Western Theater and was also chief of staff to William Rosecrans, before being elected to congress in the middle of the war, eventually becoming President of the United States in 1881.
Joseph Holt, former Postmaster General under James Buchanan. He was appointed as Judge Advocate General of the Army by Lincoln, and later served as chief prosecutor during his assassination trial.
John A. Logan, Congressman from Illinois, served as a brigade and division commander in the Western Theater under Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman. Upon the death of James B. McPherson at Atlanta, Logan briefly rose to command of the famed Army of the Tennessee. Although Logan was generally a successful leader, Sherman elected not to keep a non-West Pointer in command of the army and replaced him with Oliver O. Howard, instead placing Logan in command of a corps. After the war, Logan returned to politics as a Republican.
John Alexander McClernand, Congressman from Illinois, served in the Western Theater, taking part in the battles of Fort Donelson and Shiloh, and led the Army of the Mississippi against Fort Hindman (Arkansas Post) in 1863 (as part of the Vicksburg Campaign), as well as leading XIII Corps during the Siege of Vicksburg and the Red River Campaign. He was poorly regarded by his peers and frequently quarreled with Generals Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman.
John McAuley Palmer, Illinois state legislator, Republican party organizer, and Congressional candidate (he was defeated by McClernand), served in the Western Theater in command of a Division in the XIV Corps and later the XIV Corps itself. In these capacities, he fought in the battles of Stones River, Chickamauga and Chattanooga. Late in the war, he had a controversial stint as military governor of Kentucky. In postbellum life, he served as Illinois governor and Senator as a Democrat and ran for President in 1896 for the National Democratic Party (United States).
Alexander Schimmelfennig, a Prussian veteran who helped co-ordinate the unsuccessful defence of the Rhineland during the Revolution of 1848. Wounded twice at the Battle of Rinnthal, he escaped to Switzerland before the Prussian authorities could capture him but was tried in absentia and sentenced to death. He fled to Paris, London, and finally to the United States, joining many other German "Forty-Eighters" who were later to fight with the Union such as Louis Blenker, Adolph von Steinwehr, and Carl Schurz. When, in 1862, Lincoln proposed to appoint Schimmelfennig to the command of a brigade, Secretary of War Stanton protested that there were better qualified officers available. 'His name,' Lincoln replied, '"will make up for any difference there may be", and he walked away repeating Schimmelfennig's name with a chuckle.' Schimmelfennig's brigade suffered high losses at the Battle of Gettysburg, where hundreds of men were taken prisoner by the Confederates after becoming confused in the narrow streets of the town: Schimmelfennig himself was forced to hide in a culvert and in a shed to avoid capture. He rejoined his troops several days after the battle, to the surprise of many who assumed he had been killed. He subsequently contracted both malaria and tuberculosis during Sherman's March to the Sea, the latter of which led to his death shortly after the end of the war.
Daniel Sickles, the infamous New York Congressman who had been tried (and acquitted) for the murder of Philip Barton Key II, served as a brigade and division commander for the first two years of the war. He assumed command of the III Corps, Army of the Potomac in early 1863, leading it at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. At the latter, his unauthorized maneuver of his corps into the Peach Orchard nearly caused the destruction of the Union Army. Sickles lost his leg at this battle and, although he was never officially censured for his action, never again held a field command. After the war, he served as a diplomat and played a key role in establishing national battlefield parks, including at Gettysburg.
Franz Sigel, a German émigré who led, at various times, a division in the Department of Missouri, XI Corps of the Army of the Potomac, and the Department of West Virginia. Though a military academy graduate and former officer in both Baden's army and, later, its revolutionary forces, significant military success evaded him in Europe. As a revolutionary colonel, he had seen his command annihilated by the Prussians at Freiburg in 1848. In 1849, he was briefly Secretary of War and commander-in-chief of the doomed revolutionary republican government of Baden, but then needed to resign the post after being wounded in a skirmish. As an American general, Sigel was almost universally regarded as an incompetent, and was alleged to have fled from the Battle of New Market, where he was overall commander. He was, however, extremely popular with his German recruits, who shouted the slogan, "I fights mit Sigel!" He provided important recruiting services for the Union.
Lew Wallace, formerly of the Indiana State Legislature, fought most famously at Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and the Monocacy, the "Battle That Saved Washington", in July 1864. After the war Wallace became Governor of New Mexico Territory, wrote the novel Ben-Hur, and served as a U.S. diplomat. His previous military experience had been serving as a volunteer lieutenant during the Mexican–American War.
Confederate
William Barksdale, a "Fire-Eater" and former congressman from Mississippi, led a brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia during the first two years of the war, until his death at Gettysburg.
Milledge L. Bonham, a former US congressman and Confederate congressman from South Carolina, led a brigade in the Confederate Army of the Potomac until being elected governor of his home state. After his service as governor, he rejoined the Confederate Army and served in the Carolinas Campaign.
John C. Breckinridge, former vice president under James Buchanan, led various brigade and division commands in the Western Theater. He quarreled often with Braxton Bragg. He served ably at Shiloh and Stones River, and also defeated Franz Sigel (see above) at the Battle of New Market in May 1864. He briefly became the Confederate secretary of war in 1865.
Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb, a Confederate congressman from Georgia and brother of former governor and Treasury Secretary Howell Cobb, who also served as a general in the Confederate army. Cobb commanded a brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia, and became most famous for his defense of Marye's Heights at the Battle of Fredericksburg, where he was killed in action.
John B. Floyd, former Governor of Virginia and Secretary of War under James Buchanan. He led state militia forces opposing Union operations in western Virginia in 1861, and played a major part in the Fort Donelson fiasco (see Gideon Pillow, below). After that battle, he was relegated to command of Virginia State Guard troops; he died in 1863.
James L. Kemper, was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1853 and became speaker of that body in 1861. Served as a brigade commander under George Pickett. Was wounded and captured during Pickett's Charge. After the war, was elected as the 37th Governor of Virginia.
Gideon Pillow, a general of the Mexican–American War and prominent power in the pre-war Democratic Party. Although he opposed secession, he ultimately went south and accepted a commission. He is most widely known for fleeing (along with John B. Floyd) from Fort Donelson in February 1862, leaving the hapless third-in-command, Simon Bolivar Buckner, and the fort's 15,000-man garrison to surrender to Union forces under U.S. Grant while they saved themselves. Commanding a brigade at Stones River, he was allegedly found by division commander Breckinridge to have been cowering behind a tree as his men went into action. After that, he never held another field command.
Leonidas Polk, the Episcopal bishop of Louisiana and cousin of former president James K. Polk, became the third most senior lieutenant general despite his lack of military experience, primarily due to a close friendship with President Jefferson Davis. In 1861, he led the failed invasion of neutral Kentucky, causing the state to side with the Union. He later commanded a corps in the Army of Tennessee and was killed in the Battle of Marietta.
Sterling Price, a former US congressman (March 4, 1845 – August 12, 1846) and Governor of Missouri (January 3, 1853 – January 5, 1867) who was initially opposed to secession but ultimately sided with the Confederacy, led the Missouri State Guard in the 1861 Confederate invasion of the state. He was the Confederate commander at the Battle of Wilson's Creek, and served without distinction at Pea Ridge. He led an unsuccessful invasion of Missouri in 1864, which inadvertently but effectively secured Missouri and Arkansas for the Union.
William "Extra Billy" Smith, former congressman and governor from Virginia, who was the oldest Confederate field commander. Despite having no previous military experience, he served as a brigade commander at the battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. After again being elected governor of Virginia in 1863, he occasionally commanded troops defending Richmond. He was an early advocate of arming blacks to provide more manpower.
Robert Toombs, former congressman from Georgia and an ardent secessionist. Politically ambitious, he was made Secretary of State of the Confederacy but resigned for a field command, while simultaneously holding a seat in the Confederate congress. He led a brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia. His most famous action was the defense of Burnside's Bridge at Antietam, where he was wounded. After that battle, he resigned and served in the Confederate senate.
Howell Cobb, another former congressman from Georgia and ardent secessionist from Georgia. He served as the President of the Confederate States Provisional Congress both joining the Army of Northern Virginia as a brigade commander. He would see service in the Peninsula Campaign and the Seven Days Battle, and play a key role in stemming the Union tide at the Battle of South Mountain. Transferred out in October 1862 to command the District of Georgia and Florida. He and his troops would play roles in Atlanta Campaign, where they constituted the Georgia Reserve Corps, and Wilson's Raid, where he and his troops put up a last ditch attempt to halt it at the Battle of Columbus.
Spanish–American War
Matthew Butler, a former Confederate major general and postwar senator from South Carolina, was appointed major general of volunteers at the beginning of the military expedition to Cuba. After the American victory, he supervised the evacuation of Spanish troops.
Fitzhugh Lee (nephew of Robert E. Lee), a former Confederate major general and postwar governor of Virginia. He commanded an army corps in the war and served as the military governor of Havana with the rank of major general of volunteers.
Joseph Wheeler, a former Confederate major general and postwar congressman from Alabama, who is considered to have been one of the finest cavalry officers of the Civil War. The U.S. government was wary about placing staging points for the Cuba expedition in Southern states, which were still deeply mistrustful of the federal government after suffering the trauma of losing the Civil War and then going through the Reconstruction that followed. It was decided to allow Wheeler to rejoin the US Army—from which he had resigned as a second lieutenant in 1861—at the rank of major general of volunteers. This proved to be an effective public-relations measure, helping to unite the still deeply scarred region with the rest of the country against a common enemy. Wheeler was given command of the cavalry division for the invasion of Cuba, during which he was also nominally second in command of V Corps. An oft-told anecdote has the elderly Wheeler, in the excitement of leading men into battle again, allegedly shouting to his men, "Let's go, boys! We've got the damn Yankees on the run again!" Despite that apparent hiccup of memory, Wheeler proved to still be a highly capable commander throughout the successful campaign, and was a senior member of the peace commission at its end.
References
Further reading
Cozzens, Peter. This Terrible Sound: The Battle of Chickamauga. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992. .
Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1964. .
Politics of the American Civil War |
5378013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian%20cruiser%20Gromoboi | Russian cruiser Gromoboi | Gromoboi (, meaning: "Thunderer") was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1890s. She was designed as a long-range commerce raider and served as such during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05. When the war broke out, she was based in Vladivostok and made several sorties in search of Japanese shipping in the conflict's early months without much success.
Gromoboi, with the other armoured cruisers of the Vladivostok Cruiser Squadron, attempted to rendezvous in the Strait of Tsushima with the main portion of the Russian Pacific Fleet sailing from Port Arthur in August 1904. The Fleet was delayed, and the squadron returned to port alone. On the return, the squadron encountered a Japanese squadron of four armoured cruisers blocking their passage to base. The Japanese sank the oldest Russian ship, , and damaged Gromoboi and during the subsequent Battle off Ulsan. Both Russian ships were repaired within two months. Gromoboi ran aground immediately after completing her repairs and was out of action for four months. Three months after the damage from the grounding incident was repaired, she struck a mine, but successfully returned to port. Her armament was reinforced while under repair, but she saw no further action during the war.
Gromoboi was transferred to the Russian Baltic Fleet after the end of the war and began a lengthy refit that was completed in 1911. She was mostly inactive during World War I, but had her armament and protection upgraded during the war. She was placed into reserve in 1918 and sold to a German company in 1922 for scrapping. She was forced aground near Liepāja during a storm en route to Germany and was scrapped in place.
Design and description
Gromoboi was originally intended to be a repeat of , but a design modification for thicker armour and improved engines made that unfeasible. The use of Rossias hull design meant that the ships looked alike.
Gromoboi was long overall. She had a maximum beam of and a draught of . The ship displaced , only more than designed. She was sheathed in wood and copper to reduce biofouling. As completed Gromoboi trimmed badly by the bow, which reduced her speed and made her very wet forward. Loads had to be shifted aft and ballast added to the rear of the ship to correct her trim, but she was regarded as a good sea boat afterward with an easy, although rapid, roll.
Propulsion
Gromoboi dispensed with Rossias cruising engine on the centre shaft. Three equally powerful vertical triple expansion steam engines were used with a designed total of , but they developed on trials and drove the ship to a maximum speed of . Thirty-two Belleville water-tube boilers provided steam for the engines. She could carry a maximum of of coal. This gave her a radius of action of at .
Armament
Gromobois main armament consisted of four 45-calibre Pattern 1892 guns; the forward pair was mounted in casemates above the forward main-deck gun's casemate. The two rear guns were situated in sponsons abreast the mizzenmast, protected by gun shields. The guns could be depressed to −5° and elevated to 18°. They fired projectiles at a muzzle velocity of which gave a range of at 13° elevation.
Her secondary armament consisted of sixteen /45 Pattern 1892 guns. One gun was mounted under the forecastle and another in the stern; neither gun could fire to the side. Most of the remaining guns were mounted in casemates, the forward pair in front of the eight-inch guns on the upper deck and the rest on the main deck. One pair was mounted on the upper deck protected by gun shields. In their pivot mounts the guns could depress to -6° and elevate to +20°. They fired Pattern 1907 high explosive projectiles at a muzzle velocity of . This gave a range of at maximum elevation. 240 rounds per gun were carried by Gromoboi.
Defence against torpedo boats was provided by a variety of light-calibre weapons. Gromoboi had 24 Canet Pattern 1892 50-caliber guns mounted in sponsons on the upper deck, protected by gun shields. The gun fired shells to a range of about at its maximum elevation of 21° with a muzzle velocity of . The rate of fire was between twelve and fifteen rounds per minute.
The ship carried twelve Hotchkiss guns. They fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of at a rate of 20 rounds per minute to a range of . The ship also carried 18 Hotchkiss guns. These fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of at a rate of 20 rounds per minute to a range of .
Gromoboi also had four submerged torpedo tubes, with two mounted on each broadside.
Armour
The Naval Ministry had hoped to increase the Gromobois armour thickness and increase the armour protection of the armament, but still use Rossia hull design. The Ministry also hoped to use the new, more resistant Krupp armour, but Russian plants had proven unable to manufacture it when it was ordered and Harvey armour was used instead. In fact, for Gromoboi, the waterline belt was reduced in thickness by from the older ship to six inches to better protect her guns. The belt was shortened by in length to only . It was reduced in height by as well to a total of ; it extended above the waterline and below the waterline. The belt was closed off by six-inch bulkheads fore and aft.
Gromobois casemates were thick, with two-inch backs and roofs. The two-inch thick transverse bulkhead fore and aft protected them from raking fire. The armour deck was 1.5 inches thick on the flat and thick where it sloped down to meet the belt. The protective deck extended fore and aft of the armour deck and ranged from in thickness. The change in the machinery allowed Gromoboi to dispense with Rossias glacis armour that had been necessary to protect the tops of the engine cylinders. The conning tower had walls thick, made of Krupp armour. The funnel uptakes and ammunition hoists were protected by 1.5 inches of armour between the lower and middle decks.
Service
Gromoboi was built by the Baltic Works in Saint Petersburg. Construction began on 14 June 1897, although she was not formally laid down until 7 May 1898, and the ship was launched on 8 May 1899. She was transferred to Kronstadt on 24 November 1899 to finish fitting out, but was forced aground by sea ice. She was freed three days later, but needed repairs to her sheathing. She left Liepāja on 10 December 1900 en route to the Far East and stopped briefly at Kiel, where she was inspected by Prince Henry of Prussia, and at Plymouth where the officers visited the Devonport naval base. She represented Russia at the granting of the constitution to Australia, visiting Sydney and Melbourne in April–May 1901, before visiting Nagasaki in July. Gromoboi finally reached Port Arthur on 29 July 1901. She remained in the Pacific until the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. During this voyage she was commanded by Karl Petrovich Jessen.
Russo-Japanese War
By this time, Gromoboi was assigned of the Vladivostok Cruiser Squadron under the command of Rear Admiral Karl Jessen. The other ships were the armoured cruisers Rossia and as well as the protected cruiser . The squadron made a number of sorties against Japanese shipping early in the war. Only one was reasonably successful: in June 1904 the squadron sank Hitachi Maru, which was carrying eighteen siege howitzers and over 1000 troops intended for the siege of Port Arthur.
Battle off Ulsan
During the war the bulk of the Russian Pacific Fleet was located in Port Arthur where it was blockaded by the Japanese. On 10 August, the ships at Port Arthur attempted breakout to Vladivostok, but were turned back in the Battle of the Yellow Sea. Admiral Jessen was ordered to rendezvous with them, but the order was delayed. His ships had to raise steam, so he did not sortie until the evening of 13 August. Bogatyr had been damaged earlier when she grounded and did not sail with the squadron. By dawn he had reached the island of Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait between Korea and Japan. He turned back for Vladivostok when he failed to see any ships from the Port Arthur squadron. north of the island he encountered the Japanese squadron commanded by Vice Admiral Kamimura Hikonojō tasked to patrol the Tsushima Strait. The Japanese force had four modern armoured cruisers, , , , and . The two squadrons had passed during the night without spotting one another and each had reversed course around first light. This put the Japanese ships astride the Russian route to Vladivostok.
Jessen turned to the northeast when he spotted the Japanese at 05:00 and they followed suit, albeit on a slightly converging course. Both sides opened fire around 05:23 at a range of . The Japanese ships concentrated their fire on Rurik, the rear ship of the Russian formation. She was hit fairly quickly and began to fall astern of the other two ships. Jessen turned southeast in an attempt to open the range, but this blinded the Russian gunners with the rising sun and prevented any of their broadside guns from bearing on the Japanese. About 06:00, Jessen turned 180° to starboard in an attempt to reach the Korean coast and to allow Rurik to rejoin the squadron. Kamimura followed suit around 06:10, but turned to port, which opened the range between the squadrons. Azuma then developed engine problems and the Japanese squadron slowed to conform with her best speed. Firing recommenced at 06:24 and Rurik was hit three times in the stern, flooding her steering compartment; she had to be steered with her engines. Her speed continued to decrease, further exposing her to Japanese fire, and her steering jammed to port around 06:40.
Jessen made another 180° turn in an attempt to interpose his two ships between the Japanese and Rurik, but the latter ship suddenly turn to starboard and increased speed and passed between Jessen's ships and the Japanese. Kamimura turned 180° as well so that both squadrons were heading southeast on parallel courses, but Jessen quickly made another 180° turn so that they headed on opposing courses. Iwate was hit around this time, which knocked out three 6-inch and one 12-pounder guns, killing 32 and wounding 43. The Japanese squadron opened the range again when it made a 180° another turn to port. The Russians reversed course for the third time around 07:45 in another attempt to support Rurik although Rossia was on fire herself; her fires were extinguished about twenty minutes later. Kamimura circled Rurik to the south at 08:00 and allowed the other two Russian ships to get to his north and gave them an uncontested route to Vladivostok. Despite this, Jessen turned back once more at 08:15 and ordered Rurik to make her own way back to Vladivostok before turning north at his maximum speed, about .
About this time Kamimura's two elderly protected cruisers, and , were approaching from the south. Their arrival allowed Kamimura to pursue Jessen with all of his armoured cruisers while the two new arrivals dealt with Rurik. They fought a running battle with the Russians for the next hour and a half; scoring enough hits on them to force their speed down to . Azumas engines again broke down during this chase and she was replaced in the line by Tokiwa. The Japanese closed to a minimum of about , but Kamimura then opened the range up to .
About 10:00, Kamimura's gunnery officer erroneously informed him that Izumo had expended three-quarters of her ammunition and he turned back after a five-minute rapid-fire barrage. He did not wish to leave the Tsushima Strait unguarded and thought that he could use his remaining ammunition on Rurik. By this time she had been sunk by Naniwa and Takachiho which had closed to of Rurik in order to finish her off. They had radioed Kamimura that she was sunk, but he did not receive the message. Shortly after the Japanese turned back, Gromoboi and Rossia were forced to heave-to to make repairs.
Gromoboi suffered 87 dead and 170 wounded; far more than Rossias 44 dead and 156 wounded. This was attributable to Rossias captain's policy of ordering the gun crews for his quick-firing guns on the engaged side to lie down and those on the unengaged side to go below, in contrast to the Gromoboi keeping her light guns manned at all times. Gromoboi was hit fifteen times on the starboard side of her hull and seven times on her port side, plus other hits in her funnels, boats and decks. She also suffered a fire caused by the ignition of excess propellant charges. Despite this number of hits, she was not badly damaged because her waterline belt was not penetrated. She was repaired within two months by the rudimentary facilities available at Vladivostok.
Immediately following her repairs she ran aground outside Vladivostok on 13 October and was not ready for sea until February 1905. The Russians took this opportunity to reinforce her armament with six more 6-inch guns mounted on her upper deck, protected by lightly armoured casemates. Her armament was rearranged as well with her foremost six-inch guns moved from their casemates to the forecastle and the rearmost six-inch guns moved forward. Room for these changes was made by removing many of her lighter guns; she retained only nineteen 75 mm and two 37 mm guns. She also received several Barr and Stroud rangefinders at this time. While testing her new Telefunken radio equipment on 24 May she struck a mine near her forward boiler room. She was able to return to Vladivostok for repairs, but took no further part in the war.
Interwar period
Gromoboi returned to the Baltic Fleet after the war. There she was given a lengthy refit that was finished in 1911. Her engines and boilers were reconditioned, and her rear torpedo tubes were removed. The forward 15-inch torpedo tubes were replaced by tubes. Her foremast was removed and replaced by her mizzenmast; her mainmast was moved aft in place of the mizzenmast and searchlights were installed on a platform on each mast. A casemate with 3-inch sides and a 1-inch roof was built around the rear eight-inch guns and the rear six-inch guns were moved aft and protected by a casemate with two-inch sides and a roof. The thickness of the upper-deck casemates was increased to two inches. Armoured towers fore and aft were built for her rangefinders. Her light armament was reduced to four 75 mm and four 47 mm guns. Engine trials were conducted in late 1910 and were unsatisfactory as they were overheating while delivering only . The trials were run again on 27 July 1911 and were more satisfactory as they developed while Gromoboi reached .
World War I
Gromoboi served in the 2nd Cruiser Brigade of the Baltic Fleet during World War I. She was modified to serve as a fast minelayer with a capacity of two hundred mines.
She engaged the German battlecruiser at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland on August 10, 1915.
Her armament was changed in 1916–1917 as well; she exchanged the six-inch guns on the bow and stern for eight-inch guns. These additions increased her broadside to four eight-inch and eleven six-inch guns. All of her remaining light guns were removed and she received two 2.5-inch and two 47 mm anti-aircraft guns. All of these additions raised her displacement to about .
Gromoboi came under control of the Soviet Red Fleet in September 1917. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Soviets to evacuate their base at Helsinki in March 1918 or have them interned by newly independent Finland even though the Gulf of Finland was still frozen over. Gromoboi sailed to Kronstadt in what became known as the 'Ice Voyage' and was placed into reserve shortly after her arrival.
Post-World War I
In late October 1920, Gromobois crew mutinied and took control of the ship off Kronstadt. They killed Gromobois commisars and officers and scuttled the ship. Gromoboi was refloated and was sold to a German company for scrapping on 1 July 1922; she ran aground in a storm near Liepāja while under tow to Germany on 30 October and was scrapped in place.
Notes
Footnotes
References
External links
Site with photographs
Specifications page
Russo-Japanese War cruisers of Russia
World War I cruisers of Russia
Naval ships of Russia
1899 ships
Cruisers of the Imperial Russian Navy
Maritime incidents in 1899
Maritime incidents in 1904
Maritime incidents in 1920
Maritime incidents in 1922
Ships built at the Baltic Shipyard |
4042058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetlana%20Chmakova | Svetlana Chmakova | Svetlana Chmakova () (b. October 7, 1979) is a Russian-Canadian comic book artist. She is best known for Dramacon, an original English-language (OEL) manga spanning three volumes and published in North America by Tokyopop. Her other original work includes Nightschool and Awkward for Yen Press. She has been nominated for an Eisner Award twice. Previously, she created The Adventures of CG for CosmoGIRL! magazine and the webcomic Chasing Rainbows for Girlamatic.
Early life and education
Chmakova was born in Russia where she was first exposed to comics after she found ElfQuest at a Moscow book stand. After she emigrated to Canada at the age of 16, she graduated from the Sheridan College Classical Animation program in 2002. She then began to publish her manga on the Internet.
Career
Dramacon is Chmakova's first full-length comic, telling the story of Christie Leroux, an aspiring teenage comics writer, and her experiences at her first anime convention. She attends the convention with her artist boyfriend Derek Hollman, but soon finds herself attracted to a mysterious, sun-glassed cosplayer named Matt Green.
Other works by Chmakova include The Adventures of CG for CosmoGIRL! magazine and the Chasing Rainbows and Night Silver webcomics. Her art also appears in Mangaka America and Flight.
On February 24, 2007 at New York Comic Con, Yen Press announced that they would be publishing Nightschool, a new original manga by Chmakova.
At New York Comic Con on October 10, 2014, Yen Press announced that they would be publishing Awkward, a new original comic by Chmakova. Brave, a sequel to Awkward, was announced on April 25, 2016. Crush, the third book in the series, was released in 2017, and received the 2019 Excellence in Graphic Literature Award in the Middle Grade Category.
Critical reaction
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution described Dramacon as "surprisingly true-to-life (and occasionally harrowing) emotional drama and humor ... Creator Svetlana Chmakova doesn't skimp on character development or plot progression. Her art is top-notch as well, outstripping even many of her Japanese inspirations with clear storytelling and polished technique."Dramacon was nominated for an Eisner Award in 2007.Nightschool won the Dragon Award for Kids Comics at the Shuster Awards in 2010.Awkward was named as one of School Library Journal's Top 10 Graphic Novels of 2015. It was also named by YALSA on their list of the 2016 Great Graphic Novels for Teens. Amanda M. Vail of The Mary Sue said "it needs to be on the shelves of every school and public library."Awkward won the 2nd Annual Dwayne McDuffie Award for Kids' Comics, Dragon Award for Kids Comics at the 2016 Shuster Awards, and was nominated for an Eisner Award.Brave has received largely positive reviews by book critics. Good Comics for Kids, a blog hosted by School Library Journal called it "a surefire hit" with magnificent artwork. Brave was later named as one of the School Library Journal Top 10 Graphic Novels of 2017. It was also nominated to the YALSA list of the Great Graphic Novels for Teens, included on Amazon.com's list of Best Comics and Graphic Novels of 2017, and ICv2's Top 10 Kids Graphic Novels of 2017.
Brigid Alverson named it one of her top 10 graphic novels for kids in 2017.The Weirn Books: Be Wary of the Silent Woods was nominated for the 2021 Joe Shuster Awards.
Bibliography
References
Memmott, Carol (July 6, 2005). "Japanese manga takes humongous step". USA TODAY'', Pg. 4D.
Article about Chmakova
External links
Svetlana Chmakova's official site
Svetlana Chmakova's official Twitter
Publishers Weekly interview with Chmakova
Canadian comics artists
Russian women artists
Canadian female comics artists
Russian female comics artists
Canadian webcomic creators
1979 births
Living people
Sheridan College animation program alumni
Russian emigrants to Canada
Canadian women artists
Female comics writers |
5378045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Hartley%20%28DE-1029%29 | USS Hartley (DE-1029) | USS Hartley (DE-1029) was a in the United States Navy. DE-1029 was the second ship to bear the name Hartley; she was named for Admiral Henry Hartley.
USS Hartley was laid down by the New York Shipbuilding Company, Camden, New Jersey, 31 October 1955; launched 24 November 1956; sponsored by Mrs. Henry Hartley, widow of Admiral Hartley; and commissioned 26 June 1957 at Philadelphia, Lt. Comdr. C. N. Crandall, Jr., in command.
Service history
1950s
After shakedown in the Caribbean to test her antisubmarine equipment, Hartley joined Escort Squadron 14 in Newport, Rhode Island, for a series of ASW and convoy tactics exercises on 28 January 1958. Departing Newport on 12 May in company with CortRon 14, CortRon 10, and the aircraft carrier , Hartley deployed to the Mediterranean for operations with the 6th Fleet. During the Lebanese crisis in July she patrolled off the coast of Lebanon. For the next 2 months she continued peace-keeping patrols and ranged the Mediterranean from Turkey to France. She returned to Newport on 7 October.
After a series of ASW exercises out of her home port, Hartley sailed with CortRon 14 for an extended South American cruise 6 February 1959. United States Navy units joined ships from the Brazilian, Argentine, Uruguayan, and Venezuelan navies for intensive ASW training exercises. Hartley returned to Newport 5 May 1959 and engaged in further escort and ASW exercises until June 1960, when she entered Monroe Shipyard, Chelsea, Massachusetts, for installation of a new high-speed sonar dome. Hartley then served as Fleet Sonar School training ship at Key West, Florida, until November 1960.
Cuban Missile Crisis
Antisubmarine exercises out of Newport filled Hartleys schedule for the following 4 years, punctuated by occasional special operations. In October 1961, Hartley sailed to Norfolk to work with NASA research teams in improving shipboard recovery and space capsule egress procedures for American astronauts. After another tour with the Sonar School at Key West, Hartley prepared for BEAGLE II, a joint Canadian-American exercise which was cancelled because of the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. In response to the Russian attempt to establish offensive missile bases in Cuba the United States established a naval blockade off Cuba.
1960s
From 1962 on, Hartley continued operating in the Atlantic and the Caribbean. In March 1963, she conducted surveillance patrols off Cuba, and during the next 5 months she participated in extensive ASW exercises out of Key West and Newport. Early in September she entered the Boston Naval Shipyard where she underwent overhaul and modification. Equipped with the latest advances in sonar equipment and DASH, Hartley resumed duty 27 January 1964. During February and March she trained out of Guantánamo Bay and served at the Sonar School at Key West. Returning to Newport 8 April, she spent the remainder of the year participating in antisubmarine exercises which sent her from the Gulf of Maine to the Straits of Florida.
After conducting surveillance patrols and sonar training out of Key West during the early part of 1965, she was heavily damaged by the Norwegian freighter Blue Master 16 June. As Hartley entered Chesapeake Bay in heavy weather, the merchantman hit the destroyer escort broadside, and her bow almost cut Hartley in half. She suffered no casualties but was extensively damaged in the engineering spaces. Rescue and salvage operations kept her from grounding; 19 hours after the collision, she reached Norfolk under tow.
After extensive repairs at Norfolk Navy Yard, Hartley returned to Newport early in October. There she resumed antisubmarine operations.
Hartley operated out of Newport along the New England coast and in the Caribbean until she sailed for Northern Europe late in May 1967. After cruising along the Scandinavian coast, she arrived at Copenhagen on 23 June. She next visited Holy Loch, Scotland, before getting underway 17 July for the Mediterranean.
Transfer to Colombian Navy and fate
She was sold on 8 July 1972 to Colombia and renamed Boyaca, bearing the hull designation DE-16. She was stricken from the Colombian record in 1992 and was intended to be preserved as a museum ship at Guatape.
The ship was dismantled and trucked to a mountain location on the shores of Lake Guatape in anticipation of being reassembled as a land ship. Due to funding limitations, the project has been on hold since. As of 28, Sept. 2015, the remains of the Boyaca have been removed and there are houses being constructed on the site.
References
External links
navsource.org: USS Hartley
hazegray.org: USS Hartley
Dealey-class destroyer escorts
Ships built by New York Shipbuilding Corporation
1956 ships
Cold War frigates and destroyer escorts of the United States
Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Colombian Navy
Frigates of the Colombian Navy
Museum ships in Colombia |
4042070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parmelee%20System | Parmelee System | The Parmelee Transportation System was a livery and cartage company established in the United States in 1853. In the early 20th Century, Parmelee provided taxi cab service in U.S. cities where it had franchise (purchased rights) to do so. The company was acquired by Morris Markin of the Checker Motors Corporation in the 1930s and remained under Checker control until the mid-1960s.
References
External links
Parmelee Detailed history of the company
Taxi companies
Taxis of the United States |
4042073 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherie%20Piper | Cherie Piper | Cherie Piper (born June 29, 1981) is a Canadian former ice hockey player residing in Markham, Ontario. She was a member of the Canadian national women's hockey team and played for the Brampton Thunder of the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL). Piper has won three Olympic gold medals with the Canadian national team in 2002, 2006 and 2010, as well as one world championship title in 2004.
Playing career
She competed for Canada's Under 22 team from 1999 to 2001. In 1999, she competed for Ontario in the Canada Winter Games. During the 2000–01 NWHL season, Cherie Piper played with the Beatrice Aeros and finished seventh in league scoring with 37 points. Piper was a member of the Under-22 team in 2002 when she was named to the Olympic team for 2002 Salt Lake City Games ahead of veteran Nancy Drolet as part of a move to shake up a Canadian team that had lost eight consecutive games to the United States. It was a decision that shocked other members of the team. She recorded a goal and an assist in her first game of the Olympics, and finished the tournament with five points in five games in helping Canada win the gold medal.
She played four seasons at Dartmouth College between 2002 and 2007, scoring 60 goals and 165 assists in 99 games for the Big Green. She missed the end of the 2003–04 season to play with the Canadian national team at the 2004 Women's World Ice Hockey Championships where she won a gold medal. Piper was named a finalist for the Patty Kazmaier Award in 2005. She led Dartmouth in scoring that season with 60 points. She won a second Olympic gold medal in 2006 and her 15 points was second to Hayley Wickenheiser (17).
A knee injury in her senior year at Dartmouth forced her off of the national team for over a year and caused her to miss the 2007 World Championships. She rejoined the team in time for the 2008 tournament where she won her second silver medal. She was cut from the 2009 team, but gained a spot on the 2010 Olympic team, winning a third consecutive gold medal.
Other
Piper was also a member of the Canada women's national inline hockey team, winning a gold medal at the 2002 FIRS Inline Hockey World Championships.
Personal
Piper was born June 29, 1981 in Toronto, Ontario, the third child of Alan and Christine Piper. She has two older brothers, Michael and Stephen, and followed her brothers in taking up the sport. She graduated from Albert Campbell Collegiate Institute (Scarborough, Ontario). She majored in sociology at Dartmouth. Her middle school was Henry Kelsey Senior Public School on Huntingwood and Brimley. Her elementary school was Alexmuir Junior Public School located on Brimley and Finch.
On June 7, 2018, Cherie married long-time beau, Joe Butkevich, in a ceremony at Memorial Gardens in Butkevich's hometown of North Bay, Ontario.
Career statistics
International
Dartmouth
Awards and honours
2004-05 All USCHO.com Second Team
Patty Kazmaier Award Finalist, 2005
References
1981 births
Living people
Brampton Thunder players
Canadian women's ice hockey forwards
Canadian women's national inline hockey team players
Dartmouth Big Green women's ice hockey players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Ice hockey players at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Mississauga Chiefs players
Olympic gold medalists for Canada
Olympic ice hockey players of Canada
Olympic medalists in ice hockey
Sportspeople from Toronto |
4042092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinschgau | Vinschgau | The Vinschgau, Vintschgau () or Vinschgau Valley ( ; ; ; medieval toponym: Finsgowe) is the upper part of the Adige or Etsch river valley, in the western part of the province of South Tyrol, Italy.
Etymology
The German name Vinschgau, like Italian Val Venosta, is derived from the Celtic (Rhaetian) Venostes tribes mentioned on the ancient Tropaeum Alpium. A Frankish Gau was established under Charlemagne in 772; it was first mentioned in a 1077 deed, when King Henry IV of Germany granted the estates of Schlanders in pago Finsgowe to Bishop Altwin of Brixen.
Geography
The Vinschgau Valley runs in a west-east orientation, from the Merano basin at Partschins up the Adige river to Reschen Pass in the northwest. The Ötztal Alps in the north, part of the Alpine crest, separate it from the upper Inn Valley. The Adige valley is further confined by the Sesvenna Alps in the west and the Ortler Alps in the south. It comprises several side valleys, such as the Suldental, the Matscher Tal, or the Schnalstal.
Due to the insular location within the Central Eastern Alps, a rather warm climate and a lack of rain (400mm per year), fields, meadows and apple orchards are irrigated. Viticulture is also common.
According to the 2001 census, 96.51% of the population of the valley speak German, 3.41% Italian and 0.08% Ladin as first language.
Subdivision
The Vinschgau District (; ) was established in 1962. The district covers the largest part of the Vinschgau region and its side valleys, in which 13 municipalities cooperate:
Kastelbell-Tschars (Castelbello-Ciardes)
Graun im Vinschgau (Curon Venosta)
Glurns (Glorenza)
Latsch (Laces)
Laas (Lasa)
Mals (Malles Venosta)
Martell (Martello)
Prad am Stilfser Joch (Prato allo Stelvio)
Schlanders (Silandro)
Schluderns (Sluderno)
Schnals (Senales)
Stilfs (Stelvio)
Taufers im Münstertal (Tubre)
The municipalities of Naturns (Naturno), Plaus and Partschins (Parcines) geographically belong to the lower Vinschgau region, though politically they are affiliated with the neighbouring Burggrafenamt district.
References
External links
Vinschgau District
Districts of South Tyrol |
4042099 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle%20Skating%20Club | Seattle Skating Club | The Seattle Skating Club is a figure skating club and non-profit organization based in Mountlake Terrace, Washington.
Notable skaters from the club include 1983 World Champion Rosalynn Sumners and the pair skating teams of Karol and Peter Kennedy and Cynthia and Ronald Kauffman, who each won multiple titles at the U.S. Figure Skating Championships.
External links
Seattle Skating Club web site
Figure skating clubs in the United States
Sports in Seattle |
5378046 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deer%20Park%20Spring%20Water | Deer Park Spring Water | Deer Park is an American brand of bottled water of natural spring origin from BlueTriton Brands, produced and marketed primarily across the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States.
History
Following the American Civil War, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) created a casino near Pennsylvania where the spring water was founded and found by a man named Troy Gibson in Deer Park Maryland. While the Deer Park Hotel [in Deer Park Maryland] and its spa were built to attract passengers to ride the railroad to this vacation spot, the spring water near the site also became a major attraction. Among the many tourists who made the journey to enjoy the benefits of the spring water were four American Presidents, from James Garfield to William Taft. Known locally as the "Boiling Spring", the source of the spring water derived its name from the action of the water bubbling up through white sand on its way to the surface. The B&O Railroad quickly recognized the value of the spring and began bottling the water in 1873. In 1966 the Boiling Spring Holding Corporation purchased the spring and its surrounding woodlands from the B&O Railroad and incorporated as Deer Park Spring Water, Inc., named for the nearby town of Deer Park, Maryland. This company bottled the spring water primarily for the metropolitan New York market.
Deer Park Water Company was then purchased by The Clorox Company. and continued to sell the spring water under the Deer Park name along most of the East Coast. Perrier Group of America Inc., the bottled water company which is a subsidiary of Nestle S.A., the giant Swiss food producer, bought Deer Park Spring Water, Inc in 1993.
As a division of Nestlé Waters, the water now comes from additional sources in Florida, Pennsylvania, Maryland, New York, Michigan, and South Carolina.
Once known for the famous 1980's catchphrase, "Deer PARK, that's good water!".
In 2006, the uniquely designed Aquapod bottle was released under this brand..
References
External links
Official Deer Park Water Web Site
Bottled water brands
BlueTriton brands
1873 introductions |
4042105 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer%20tataricum | Acer tataricum | Acer tataricum, the Tatar maple or Tatarian maple, is a species of maple widespread across central and southeastern Europe and temperate Asia, from Austria and Turkey east as far as Japan and the Russian Far East. The species is named after the Tatar peoples of southern Russia; the tree's name is similarly commonly also misspelled "Tartar" or "Tartarian" in English.
Description
Acer tataricum is a deciduous spreading shrub or small tree growing to tall, with a short trunk up to diameter and slender branches. The bark is thin, pale brown, and smooth at first but becoming shallowly fissured on old plants. The leaves are opposite and simple, broadly ovate, long and broad, unlobed or with three or five shallow lobes, and matte green above; the leaf margin is coarsely and irregularly toothed; the leaf petiole is slender, often pink-tinged, long. The flowers are whitish-green, diameter, produced in spreading panicles in spring as the leaves open. The fruit is a paired reddish samara, long with a wing, maturing in late summer to early autumn.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
subspecies accepted by the Plant List maintained by Kew Gardens in London.
Acer tataricum subsp. aidzuense (Franch.) P.C.DeJong
Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala (Maxim.) Wesm. Japan, Korea, Mongolia, eastern Russia, northeastern and central China
Acer tataricum subsp. semenovii (Regel & Herder) A.E.Murray - Tibet, Afghanistan, southern Russia, Iran
Acer tataricum subsp. tataricum - Caucasus, Turkey, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Ukraine
Acer tataricum subsp. theiferum (W.P.Fang) Y.S.Chen & P.C.de Jong - China
Acer tataricum is related to Acer ginnala (Amur maple) from northeastern Asia; this is treated as a subspecies of Tatar maple (Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala) by some botanists but not by others. They differ conspicuously in the glossy, deeply lobed leaves of A. ginnala, compared to the matte, unlobed or only shallowly lobed leaves of A. tataricum.
Gallery
Cultivation and uses
Tatar maple is occasionally grown as an ornamental plant in gardens throughout Europe and also in North America. In Russia, it is valued in farmland shelterbelts. It is locally naturalised in eastern North America.
References
External links
photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden
tataricum
Trees of Europe
Trees of Asia
Flora of Central Asia
Flora of Eastern Asia
Flora of Eastern Europe
Flora of Western Asia
Flora of temperate Asia
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
5378052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winterburn | Winterburn | Winterburn is a village in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. It is about south west of Grassington.
Winterburn Reservoir is located about a mile from the village, which is situated on Winterburn Beck, the reservoir's outlet.
External links
Winterburn history pages
Villages in North Yorkshire
Craven District |
5378056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutlery%20and%20Allied%20Trades%20Research%20Association | Cutlery and Allied Trades Research Association | Cutlery and Allied Trades Research Association (CATRA) is an internationally known research and technology organisation in Sheffield, England which specialises in knives, cutlery, tableware, metallic holloware (such as pans), shaving razors, industrial knives, blades and garden tools.
History
CATRA was originally set up by the British Government in 1952 to carry out developments for the UK's cutlery and knife industries, for which the area of Sheffield in Yorkshire is world-famous.
CATRA has developed a range of unique machines for measuring the cutting performance of all types of cutting edges from razor blades to large knives used in machinery and for testing of blade performance in general.
Since the 1980s CATRA has become an internationally recognised (60% export, CATRA published accounts 2013) cutting technology organisation, supplying consultancy, testing services and knife/blade making and testing equipment to manufacturers, developers, designers, users and retailers. Their particular expertise is unusual and important to the knife history and culture of Sheffield.
Aims
CATRA's aim is to provide manufacturers, retailers and users of all types of cutting implements with independent technical experts that can advise, carry out product comparisons/tests and develop blade, knife and cutting technologies.
Services
The association has a wealth of knowledge which is available to everyone on a competitive fee paying basis, however CATRA will enter into dialogue with consumers and users of cutlery, knives and tools where their expertise may be of help, on a free of charge basis. Petersen's Bowhunting magazine uses CATRA to measure sharpness of arrowheads.
Products
CATRA manufactures a wide range of special purpose equipment including knife and cutlery testing machines and knife sharpening systems including the CATRAHONE and CATRASHARP machines
References
External links
1952 establishments in the United Kingdom
British research associations
Economy of Sheffield
Industry trade groups based in England
Knife manufacturing companies
Metallurgical industry of the United Kingdom
Organisations based in Sheffield
Organizations established in 1952
Science and technology in South Yorkshire
Trade associations based in the United Kingdom |
5378058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Outlaws%20Is%20Coming | The Outlaws Is Coming | The Outlaws Is Coming (stylized as The Outlaws IS Coming!) is the sixth and final theatrical comedy starring The Three Stooges after their 1959 resurgence in popularity. By this time, the trio consisted of Moe Howard, Larry Fine, and Joe DeRita (dubbed "Curly Joe"). Like its predecessor, The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze, the film was co-written, produced and directed by Moe's son-in-law, Norman Maurer. The supporting cast features Adam West, Nancy Kovack, and Emil Sitka, the latter in three roles.
Title Sequence
A gunslinger comes into a saloon. The title appears hovering in the air and the man shoots out each letter. The cast is then written on various pieces of glassware which the gunslinger shoots out one by one.
Plot
In 1871, Rance Roden (Don Lamond) in the town of Casper, Wyoming, plans to kill off all the buffalo and thus cause the Indians to riot. After they destroy the U.S. Cavalry (his real enemy), Rance and his gang will take over the West.
Meanwhile, a Boston magazine gets wind of the buffalo slaughter and sends assistant editor Kenneth Cabot (Adam West) to investigate. The decision is timed with Moe, Larry and Curly Joe coming to his photographic studio to photograph his skunk. Once in Casper, Ken's shooting skills—secretly aided by sharp shooter Annie Oakley (Nancy Kovack)—earn him the job of town sheriff. Rance has his band of bad guys called in to have the lawmen wiped out, but the Stooges sneak into the gang's hideout while the gang is asleep and glue their firearms to their holsters. When Ken confronts the bad guys, the bad guys decide that a life of justice is better than crime. Meanwhile, Rance and Trigger attempt to sell firearms to the Indians, including an armored wagon containing a Gatling Gun and cannon in a turret, but the Stooges foil this plan by snapping a picture of them making the sale.
After proving his bravery in other ways Cabot ends up marrying Annie Oakley.
Production notes
Upon release of The Outlaws IS Coming, a number of English teachers expressed displeasure over the movie's grammatically incorrect title. The title itself was a satire of Alfred Hitchcock's 1963 film The Birds, which featured the tagline "The Birds is Coming". The film satirises many 1960's fads, films and television commercials as well as the Western.
In a nod to television's key role in the resurgence of the Stooges' popularity, the outlaw characters featured in the film were played by local TV hosts from across the U.S. whose shows featured the trio's old Columbia shorts.
On A&E's Biography, Adam West spoke about his involvement with the film and with the Stooges:
Primary cast and crew
Moe Howard as Moe
Larry Fine as Larry
Joe DeRita as Curly-Joe
Adam West as Kenneth Cabot
Nancy Kovack as Annie Oakley
Mort Mills as Trigger Mortis
Don Lamond as Rance Roden
Rex Holman as Sunstroke Kid
Emil Sitka as Mr. Abernathy/Medicine man/Cavalry colonel
Henry Gibson as Charlie Horse
Murray Alper as Chief Crazy Horse
Tiny Brauer as Bartender
The Outlaws
Joe Bolton as Rob Dalton
Bill Camfield as Wyatt Earp
Hal Fryar as Johnny Ringo
Johnny Ginger as Billy the Kid
Wayne Mack as Jesse James
Ed T. McDonnell as Bat Masterson
Bruce Sedley as Cole Younger
Paul Shannon as Wild Bill Hickok
Sally Starr as Belle Starr
See also
List of American films of 1965
References
External links
The Outlaws IS Coming! at threestooges.net
On the Set of The Outlaws Is Coming (1965), The Bill Camfield Collection, Texas Archive of the Moving Image.
1965 films
American Western (genre) comedy films
Films set in 1871
Columbia Pictures films
The Three Stooges films
1960s English-language films
American black-and-white films
Films scored by Paul Dunlap
Cultural depictions of Annie Oakley
Cultural depictions of Crazy Horse
Cultural depictions of Wyatt Earp
Cultural depictions of Billy the Kid
Cultural depictions of Jesse James
Cultural depictions of Belle Starr
Cultural depictions of Bat Masterson
Cultural depictions of Wild Bill Hickok
Cultural depictions of Johnny Ringo
1960s Western (genre) comedy films
1965 comedy films
Films set in Wyoming
Films shot in Wyoming
Films directed by Norman Maurer
1960s American films |
4042106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourist%20Trophy%20%28video%20game%29 | Tourist Trophy (video game) | is a 2006 motorcycle racing video game. It was designed by Polyphony Digital, the developers of the popular Gran Turismo auto racing series. Tourist Trophy is one of only four titles for the PlayStation 2 that is capable of 1080i output, another being Gran Turismo 4, the game engine of which is also used by Tourist Trophy.
Tourist Trophy was first released in China on January 26, 2006, then in Japan on February 2, 2006. The North American version was officially released on April 4, 2006 with seven extra motorcycles, new riding gear, seven bonus background music tracks, enhanced visual effects, an exclusive "Semi-Pro Mode", and bike profiles. The game was launched in Australia on June 1, 2006, and in Europe the next day. The PAL version offered two additional motorcycles and five new BGM tracks from European artists Infadels, Vitalic and Hystereo.
Gameplay
TT Mode
License School
Tourist Trophy's core "Race Event" mode requires licenses, obtained after completing riding lessons on various circuits using various motorcycles. There are four licenses to unlock, and each following license is progressively more difficult to obtain and allows the player to unlock faster motorcycles in Challenge Mode upon completion.
Challenge Mode
Unlike the Gran Turismo games, Tourist Trophy does not contain a currency system. The player must obtain licenses in order to complete short races in "Challenge Mode", which award motorcycles to add to their garage. Motorcycles won by the player are used and tuned to compete in championships, and are unlocked for use in the game's Arcade mode.
Tourist Trophy has 135 motorcycles with engine displacements from 124 cc to 1670 cc, including both road and race versions, from years 1961 through 2005. Dedicated racing bikes exist as semi-licensed "RacingModified" versions of street bikes, as well as five official fully licensed 2005 Suzuka 8 Hours endurance bikes. Motorcycles from many major manufacturers, as well as two specialized Japanese tuners, Moriwaki and Yoshimura, are included; bikes from the latter two can only be obtained as prizes in Race Events.
37 different track layouts are present in the game, including 22 original courses, the Tsukuba Circuit motorcycle layout, and two versions of Fuji Speedway as it appeared in the 1980s and 1990s.
The motorcycle selection covers a broad range of modern motorcycles, including scooters, enduros, motards, sports bikes and naked bikes, as well as any respective "RacingModified" versions. For "RacingModified" bikes, a racing number from 5 through 99 can be selected—numbers 1 through 4 must be won in Race Events.
Race Event
Race Events are championships that consist of multiple races. Winning all races within a championship will award the player with new motorcycles and riding gear, and finishing an entire championship will grant the player's motorcycle a special racing number depending on their overall position. Prize bikes include "RacingModified" variants unavailable in Challenge Mode, and a classic racing motorcycle, the 1961 Honda RC162. Completing all 22 Race Events initially available will unlock a bonus 23rd Race Event.
Completing the game will unlock an ending cinematic and add the "Clover Crown" ending theme to the "Music Theater".
Riding Gear
A feature exclusive to Tourist Trophy is "Riding Gear" (named "Closet" in the Asian editions). The player can unlock and collect 186 different riding accessories for their rider, including different helmets, gloves, boots or shoes, pants, jackets, and one-piece racing suits commercially available from more than a dozen manufacturers (Simpson, Vanson Leathers, Alpinestars, Arai, Shoei, Kushitani, RS Taichi, Dainese, AGV, Lewis Leathers, Bell, SPIDI, and XPD). Up to four different combinations can be saved, including two racing suits and two street riding outfits.
The Suzuka 8 Hours racing motorcycles have their own respective racing suits, which can only be used with said bikes selected. The player cannot use any other riding gear with these motorcycles.
Riding Form
The "Riding Form" option is available in both Arcade Mode and TT Mode.
Before an Arcade Mode race, the user can choose among four Riding Form presets: "Lean Body", "Neutral", "Lean Bike" and "Motard/Dirt". Lean Body focuses on quick cornering, Neutral focuses on handling, and Lean Bike prioritizes slow cornering. The Motard/Dirt form with one leg out in turns is dedicated to enduro and naked bike riding; however, the user is free to use it on all bikes. This mode is named after the mode in Gran Turismo games.
In TT Mode, the user can enter the Garage Riding Form settings with up to four fully customizable forms to save. They are saved as "Form A", "Form B", "Form C" and "Motard/Dirt". Each one has eleven unique parameters and four presets: "Neutral", "Lean Body", "Lean Bike" and "Motard/Dirt" from which to choose.
The adjustable parameters are as follows:
"Head Roll Angle" dictates how far to the side the rider's head turns in corners.
"Head Pitch Angle" dictates how far up or down the rider's head is positioned.
"Lateral Slide" determines how far the rider's hips slide towards the inside of a turn. Increasing this value raises cornering speed at the cost of stability and responsiveness (as a result of the change in center of mass).
"Vertical Slide" dictates how much the rider tucks their body in towards the bike in corners.
"Body Lean (Full Bank)" dictates the extent to which the rider leans into corners.
"Torso Roll Angle" determines how far the rider's torso leans into corners. Decreasing this value results in increased responsiveness at the cost of stability.
"Torso Yaw Angle" determines how far the rider's torso twists toward corners. Decreasing this value results in increased responsiveness.
"Arm Angle" determines how far in or out the rider's elbows are positioned. Decreasing this value results in increased cornering speed (due to lower drag) at the cost of responsiveness.
"Seat Position (Forward/Back)" determines how far forward or back the rider sits, influencing their posture and the extent to which they tuck.
"Leg Angle" works much the same as the "Arm Angle" setting; a high value offers increased responsiveness while sacrificing cornering speed.
"Body Lean (Upright)" dictates the extent to which the rider tucks on straights. An increased value results in lower drag, and thus higher acceleration and top speed.
Gameplay settings
Tourist Trophy's default setting is "Normal". Using the Normal setting, the player can perform maneuvers such as wheelies and stoppies on powerful-enough bikes. These possibilities are disabled with the "Professional" setting. Enabling "Professional" over the arcade-oriented "Normal" will enhance the simulation aspect and difficulty level of the game. The "Professional" setting is intended to allow a more realistic experience, with manual tucking and separate front and rear brake controls instead of the default double-brake system. The in-between "Semi-Pro Mode" is an exclusive feature of the North American edition.
Other options augmenting difficulty are "Strict Judgment"—a 10-second slowdown penalty for shortcuts as seen in Gran Turismo 4—and a "Best Line" display.
Other features
Photo Mode and Best Shot
Pre-generated photos can be taken from a race replay and saved on a PS2 memory card or a connected USB flash drive, like in Gran Turismo 4. This function is known in the game as "Best Shot". Using various replay angles from different parts of the course as a digital camera, the game is able to produce a selection of screenshots with variable compression (Normal, Fine, or Super Fine) and size (up to 1280 x 960 px @ 72 dpi). Outside of Best Shot, the game's Photo Mode allows the player to take a photo at a particular moment in a replay; its parameters are almost fully adjustable, giving the player the opportunity to compose their own photographs.
The user can choose to save the photo to the PS2 memory card or a USB flash drive, print it with a USB-compatible Epson printer, or display it in-game using the "Musical Diaporama" feature. Saved game screenshots can be exchanged with friends or published to the Internet. Formatting the USB device in Photo Mode or Best Shot will create the "DCIM/100PDITT" folder, allowing Tourist Trophy to store, upload and download game picture files generated under the form "IMG_00X.JPG". Standard USB 2.0 flash drives (including MP3 players and mobile phones) can be used to manage game JPEG files instead of the official I-O Data model.
Replay/ghost files
A memory card or USB flash drive can store Tourist Trophy replay/ghost files downloaded from either the official game website or elsewhere online, and can be used to exchange files with another USB device. Once the files are in the flash drive, the user can upload them from within the game in order to compete with a ghost (in "Time Attack" mode) or to watch a replay (in the "Replay Theater"). Each file can be used as a Replay or as a Ghost. Formatting the USB device from Theater Mode will create the "PDI" folder, allowing Tourist Trophy to store, upload and download files generated under the name "replay.dat". Standard third-party USB devices are also compatible with such files.
Development
Polyphony Digital reused the physics engine, graphical user interface design, and all but one circuit from Gran Turismo 4. However, the number of NPC opponents was reduced from five in existing Gran Turismo games to only three. Tourist Trophy also uses the License School feature that was popularized by the Gran Turismo series, as well as the Photo Mode introduced in Gran Turismo 4. The B-spec mode, which appeared in Gran Turismo 4, is absent in Tourist Trophy.
While wet, dirt, and reverse racing conditions and tracks such as the Circuit de la Sarthe were removed, a unique course was recreated specifically for Tourist Trophy. The Circuit de la Comunitat Valenciana Ricardo Tormo is an official track appearing in the Superbike World Championship and MotoGP, which sees extensive use as a test circuit during the off season. It reappeared in Gran Turismo (PSP) due to its presence in Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters and the World Touring Car Championship, but did not appear in Gran Turismo 5. Polyphony ostensibly planned to add this track to Gran Turismo 5 (as it remains unused within the game's files), but it was left out for unknown reasons.
Original soundtrack
The Tourist Trophy original game soundtrack was released on March 15, 2006 by For Life Music Entertainment.
Track listing
Composed by: Sun Paulo and Makoto
Performed by: Sun Paulo, Quadra, Makoto, KASAI and Mitsuo Okada
"I against a speed" (Short Mix) – 3:14
"Discommunication" (Short Mix) – 3:32
"Who I am?" (Short Mix) – 3:46
"Forest" (Short Mix) – 8:00
"Fiber Optics" (Sun Paulo Remix) – 11:10
"Five Silver Rings" – 2:36
"Mystery" – 2:20
"Low Sky" – 2:30
"Mind Visions" – 2:31
"Introduction" – 2:34
"Far West" – 2:45
"Blue on Black" – 2:52
"Your Soul" – 2:23
"Take Your Soul" – 2:04
"Inside My Love" – 2:07
"Peaces of Mind" – 2:32
"OKINAWA WIND" – 3:00
"BRAZILIAN WIND" – 3:02
"CALIFORNIA WIND" – 3:32
"Digital Mononoke Beat PT.1" – 3:09
"Digital Mononoke Beat PT.2" – 2:49
Reception
In October 2003, Sony Computer Entertainment's announcement of a Polyphony-developed motorcycle racing game generated excitement among Gran Turismo fans, and the debut of Tourist Trophy at the 2005 Tokyo Game Show was met with good reviews.
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of all four eights for a total of 32 out of 40. The game won IGN's award for Best PS2 Simulation of 2006.
Possible sequel
In 2015, when asked about the possibility of a sequel to Tourist Trophy, Kazunori Yamauchi said: "I am aware that the game is expected by many fans, so I can't deny a Tourist Trophy 2". While such a sequel has not yet come to fruition, Yamauchi later admitted in an interview in 2018 that it was "still [in] the back of his mind".
References
External links
Tourist Trophy official website, Global
2006 video games
Gran Turismo (series)
Motorcycle video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 2-only games
Sony Interactive Entertainment games
Racing simulators
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set in Hong Kong |
4042112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMDR | SMDR | SMDR may refer to:
Simple Metadata Registry, a way of describing metadata
Station Messaging Detail Record, a way to record telecommunications system activity, also known as Call detail record or CDR
Prince Rogers Nelson song title, SMDR is an abbreviation for "Sex, Music, Drugs, Romance". |
5378070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral%20district%20of%20Bayswater | Electoral district of Bayswater | The electoral district of Bayswater is one of the electoral districts of Victoria, Australia, for the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers an area of in outer eastern Melbourne, and includes the suburbs of Bayswater, Heathmont, Kilsyth South and The Basin, and parts of Bayswater North, Boronia, Ringwood and Wantirna. It lies within the Eastern Metropolitan Region of the upper house, the Legislative Council.
Bayswater was created as a notionally marginal Labor seat in a redistribution for the 1992 state election. It replaced the abolished electorate of Ringwood, which had been held by Labor MP and Kirner government Minister for Community Services Kay Setches since 1982. The area had been traditionally Liberal prior to Setches' election; she had been the first Labor member to hold Ringwood. Setches contested Bayswater at the election, but was resoundingly defeated by Liberal candidate and personnel consultant Gordon Ashley in the Liberal landslide victory that year, one of several ministers to lose their seats.
Ashley was easily re-elected at the 1996 election and 1999 election, but was unexpectedly defeated by Labor candidate Peter Lockwood in the Labor landslide victory at the 2002 election. Lockwood only lasted one term before being defeated by Liberal Heidi Victoria in 2006. Victoria served as Minister for the Arts, Minister for Women's Affairs and Minister for Consumer Affairs in the Napthine Ministry from 2013 to 2014. The seat was won back by Labor somewhat unexpectedly in the 2018 Victorian state election, with Jackson Taylor serving as the current Labor MP for the district.
Members for Bayswater
Election results
External links
Electorate profile: Bayswater District, Victorian Electoral Commission
References
1992 establishments in Australia
Electoral districts of Victoria (Australia) |
4042116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ross%20Roach | John Ross Roach | John Ross Roach (June 23, 1900 – July 9, 1973) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played in the National Hockey League between 1921 and 1935. His nicknames were "Little Napoleon", "The Housecleaner", and "The Port Perry Cucumber".
Playing career
Roach was born in Port Perry, Ontario. He won a Stanley Cup in 1922. Roach was one of only six goalies in the NHL to captain his team when he was with the Toronto St. Patricks during the 1924–25 season. He was a First Team All-Star during the 1932–33 NHL season. Roach was known for his acrobatic style of goaltending.
In the 2009 book 100 Ranger Greats, the authors ranked Roach at No. 64 all-time of the 901 New York Rangers who had played during the team's first 82 seasons.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
References
External links
1900 births
1973 deaths
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Detroit Olympics (IHL) players
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
New York Rangers players
National Hockey League goaltender captains
People from Scugog
Stanley Cup champions
Syracuse Stars (IHL) players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Toronto St. Pats players |
4042119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/130P/McNaught%E2%80%93Hughes | 130P/McNaught–Hughes | 130P/McNaught–Hughes is a periodic comet in the Solar System. It takes 6.65 years to orbit the Sun and is 4.2 km in diameter.
References
External links
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
130P at Kronk's Cometography
130P/McNaught-Hughes – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
Lightcurve (Artyom Novichonok)
Periodic comets
0130
Comets in 2011
Comets in 2018
19910930 |
4042123 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Before%20There%20Were%20Slackers%20There%20Were... | Before There Were Slackers There Were... | Before There Were Slackers There Were... is a collection of recordings from 1992, 1994, and 1995 by The Slackers under the pseudonym, The Nods. Despite common misconception, the band was already known as The Slackers when this material was recorded and several of the tracks had previously appeared on their demo tapes. The pseudonym was used due to the album being self-released during the time that the Slackers were first signed to Hellcat Records.
Track listing
"Trash" – 3:20
"All I Ever Wanted" – 3:50
"You Don't Know I..." – 2:39
"Ray-Gun Sally" – 3:02
"Dead Girl" – 3:36
"Gasoline" – 2:47
"Dear Bossman" – 3:03
"Andre" – 2:58
"Sleep Outside" – 3:36
"Bed Bug" – 3:26
"Red Onions" – 2:36
"Rude Boy" – 4:22
"Sister Sister" – 2:26
"Greedy Girl" – 4:26
"Tarantula" – 2:41
"Yuk-Yah" – 5:36
1999 compilation albums
The Slackers compilation albums |
5378096 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan-class%20cruiser | Bayan-class cruiser | The Bayan class was a group of four armored cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy around the beginning of the 20th century. Two of the ships were built in France, as Russian shipyards had no spare capacity. The lead ship, , was built several years earlier than the later three. The ship participated in several of the early naval battles of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, and provided naval gunfire support for the Imperial Russian Army until she struck a mine. Bayan was trapped in harbor during the subsequent Siege of Port Arthur, and was sunk by Japanese artillery. She was salvaged and put into service with the Imperial Japanese Navy with the name of Aso. She mostly served as a training ship before she was converted into a minelayer in 1920. The ship was sunk as a target in 1932.
Her three sisters were all assigned to the Baltic Fleet. was the first ship lost by the Russians during World War I when she was sunk by a German submarine in October 1914. The two surviving ships were modified to lay mines, and participated in the Battle of Åland Islands in 1915 and the German invasion of the Estonian islands in 1917. They were decommissioned in 1918 and sold for scrap in 1922.
Background
The Bayan class marked a departure from the previous Russian armored cruisers, as they were smaller ships designed to serve as scouts for the fleet rather than as commerce raiders. Authorized in the 1896–1902 building program, the design was outsourced to a French shipyard, Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée, because Russian shipyards were already at full capacity. Negotiations began in March 1897, and a contract was signed in May 1898 for one ship with delivery in 36 months.
The Navy was reasonably pleased with the first ship, Bayan, and decided to order another cruiser after the start of the Russo-Japanese War in February 1904. Russian shipyards were still unavailable, so the Navy decided to simply order a repeat with minor modifications based on war experience. This was an attempt to minimize the work load on the Naval Technical Committee (Morskoi tekhnicheskii komitet), but they proved to require more attention than planned and a contract was not signed until 20 April 1905. The contract specified that all drawings would be turned over to allow for the construction of two identical ships in St. Petersburg, using newly available slipways. These changes generally added weight and the armor was reduced in thickness to compensate, although the change from Harvey armor to more resistant Krupp armor meant that there was little actual loss in protection.
Description
The Bayan-class ships were long overall and between perpendiculars. They had a maximum beam of , a draft of and displaced . The ships had a crew of 573 officers and men.
They had two vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving a single propeller shaft, using steam provided by 26 Belleville boilers. Designed for a total of intended to propel the cruisers at , the engines actually developed during their sea trials and drove the ships to maximum speeds of . They could carry a maximum of of coal, which gave the first Bayan a range of at .
Armament
The main armament of the Bayan-class ships consisted of two 45-caliber guns in single-gun turrets fore and aft of the superstructure. The guns fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of . At an elevation of +15°, they had a range of . The ships' eight 45-caliber Canet Model 1891 quick-firing (QF) guns were mounted in casemates on the sides of the ship's hull. They fired shells that weighed with a muzzle velocity of . They had a range of when fired at an elevation of +20°.
A number of smaller guns were carried for close-range defense against torpedo boats. These included twenty 50-caliber Canet Model 1891 QF guns. Eight of these were mounted in casemates in the side of the hull and in the superstructure. The remaining guns were located above the 6-inch gun casemates in pivot mounts with gun shields. The gun fired shells to a range of about , at an elevation of +20° degrees with a muzzle velocity of . The Bayan class also mounted eight (Bayan) or four Hotchkiss guns in the three later ships. They fired a shell. In addition, Bayan was fitted with two Hotchkiss guns that fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of .
Bayan was equipped with two submerged torpedo tubes, one on each broadside, while those of the three later ships were in size.
Protection
The waterline belt of the Bayan-class ships was thick over her machinery spaces. Fore and aft, it reduced to . The upper armor strake and the armor protecting the casemates was thick. The thickness of the armored deck was ; over the central battery it was a single plate, but elsewhere it consisted of a plate over two plates. The gun turret sides were protected by of armor and their roofs were 1.2 inches thick. The barbettes were protected by armor plates thick. The sides of the conning tower were thick.
Ships
Service
Bayan was assigned to the First Pacific Squadron after completion, and based at Port Arthur from the end of 1903. She suffered minor damage during the Battle of Port Arthur at the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War and participated in the action of 13 April 1904, when Vice Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō successfully lured out a portion of the Pacific Squadron, including Vice Admiral Stepan Makarov's flagship, the battleship . When Makarov spotted the five Japanese battleships, he turned back for Port Arthur, and Petropavlovsk struck a minefield and quickly sank after a mine detonated one of her magazines. After bombarding Imperial Japanese Army positions on 27 July, Bayan struck a mine and was under repair for the next month or so. She was subsequently trapped in Port Arthur and sunk at her mooring by Japanese howitzer shells on 8 December.
The ship was refloated by Japanese engineers the following year; repairs, re-boilering, and the replacement of her armament with Japanese weapons took until 1908 to complete. Renamed Aso in Japanese service, she initially served as a training ship before she was converted into a minelayer in 1920. Aso was decommissioned on 1 April 1930 and renamed Hai Kan No. 4. She was sunk as a target on 4 August 1932 by two submarine torpedoes.
All three of the later ships were assigned to the Baltic Fleet upon completion, although Admiral Makarov was detached to the Mediterranean several times before the start of World War I in 1914. During the first month of the war, Pallada captured codebooks from the German cruiser that had run aground. She was torpedoed by the German submarine on 11 October 1914 and was lost with all hands. Her wreck was discovered in 2000.
The surviving sisters were modified to lay mines shortly after the war began. They laid mines themselves during the war and provided cover for other ships laying minefields. Admiral Makarov and Bayan fought several inconclusive battles with German ships during the war, including the Battle of Åland Islands in mid–1915, and they also defended Moon Sound during the German invasion of the Estonian islands in late 1917, where Bayan was badly damaged. Their 75 mm guns were removed in 1916–1917 and replaced by one 8-inch and four 6-inch guns. A pair of anti-aircraft guns were also added. Admiral Makarov was in Helsingfors when Finland declared independence in March 1918, and was forced to evacuate even though the Gulf of Finland was still frozen over. She reached Kronstadt after what became known as the "Ice Voyage". The sisters were decommissioned in 1918 and sold for scrap in 1922.
Notes
Footnotes
References
External links
WWI Naval Operations in the Baltic Theater
Site in English with photographs
Cruiser classes |
5378098 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0th | 0th | 0th or zeroth may refer to:
Mathematics, science and technology
0th or zeroth, an ordinal for the number 0
0th dimension, a topological space
0th element, of a data structure in computer science
Zeroth (software), deep learning software for mobile devices
Other uses
0th grade, another name for kindergarten
January 0 or , an alternate name for December 31
0 Avenue, a road in British Columbia straddling the Canada-US border
See also
OTH (disambiguation) (with a letter O)
Zeroth law (disambiguation)
Zeroth-order (disambiguation) |
5378106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wismer | Wismer | Wismer is a toponymic surname derived from the German town of Wismar. In English, the name of the city is pronounced w'iz mer.
An alternative derivation for some people with the surname is drift from the Anglo-Saxon name Wiseman (Ƿyseman, Ƿysman, Ƿisman), which derived from the Old English words ƿis, meaning wise or knowledgeable, and man, meaning man. The Wiseman family in England is first found in Essex where they were anciently seated. Some of the first settlers of this name or some of its variants were: Henry and Catherine Wiseman, who settled in Maryland in 1634; John Wiseman, who settled in Virginia in 1652; Henry Wiseman, who settled in Maryland in 1719.
People named Wismer
Donald Wismer, a science fiction novelist
Harry Wismer, a broadcaster
Susan Wismer, a politician
Surnames
Surnames of Anglo-Saxon origin |
5378115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nea%20Krini | Nea Krini | Nea Krini (Greek: Νέα Κρήνη, literally New Fountain) is a district of the municipality of Kalamaria, Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. It was originally founded by Greek refugees from the city of Çeşme in Asia Minor. Historically, most of its residents were practising commercial fishing, although the importance of fishing in the area has been diminished.
Sport Clubs
In Nea Krini there are two major neighbouring football clubs, AE Nea Krini (Greek: Αθλητική Ένωση Νέας Κρήνης, ) and Agios Georgios (Greek: Αθλητική Ένωση Αγίου Γεωργίου Κρήνης, ).
External links
Official website
Populated places in Thessaloniki (regional unit) |
5378116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9s | Tés | Tés is a village in Veszprém County, Hungary.
History
Tés is one of the most commanding settlements of the Bakony mountain, it can be found on the largest plateau of the East-Bakony at the height of 465 m. The number of residents has been about 900 for ages. According to a legend, the village got its name from King Matthias who spent a lot of time in Várpalota. On one of these occasions, he located prisoners onto the hill that was supposedly the habitat of bears in those days. While selecting the prisoners, he kept repeating 'You too, you too' that is in Hungarian 'Te is mész, te is mész, te is, te is, te is.' The name of the village, Tés was born from the contraction of 'te is'. Of course this is just a folktale, in point of fact the origin of the name of the village is unknown.
The first written document, which mentions the village under the name of Tehes, is from 1086. The settlement didn't have a constant landowner. It was the property of the Benedictine Bakonybél Abbey, it also belonged to the Bakonyi Erdőispánság and paid taxes to almost everybody who had ever been the master of the land.
During the Turkish occupation the number of residents decreased incredibly, what's more, at the time of Rákóczi's War for Independence it also fell, hence, hardly any residents remained alive in the village. In the 18th century there were resettlements in several cases from the Princedom of Baden, Saxony and different parts of Hungary.
It was primarily the difficult traffic that prevented Tés from improvement. It was burdensome to get to the commanding plateau by animal-drawn vehicles. The construction of the Hungarian-Western railway line was finished in 1872. Thanks to this railway, whose distance was 15 km from the village, people could reach the other parts of the country. At that time, the nearest villages could be approached on foot or by horse only. The first public transport vehicles started to operate in 1956, which meant two buses a day.
It was just the beginning of the development of the infrastructure of the village. First the open wire telephone line system was set up in 1886, then in 1996–1997 it was changed to optical cables. Postal services are available for the residents since the end of the 19th century.
At the same time the first shop was also opened. Shopkeepers transported the goods on foot, later by horse. The 'Hangya' co-op store was opened in 1925.
The education in the settlement has a 250-year-old history. The village had an own primary school from 1737 to 2005. The local government decided to close it due to the low number of students.
Sights
The Windmills
The six-shoveled windmills are the main attractions of Tés. Once there were 4 windmills, but today there is no trace of the Rotter and Vaszlav windmills. Only one of the remaining two windmills is in operational status. The windmills are in the gardens of Táncsics street.
The Helt windmill was built in 1840 by János Pircher. This is a round-shaped, three-storey building, made of rock. It has tapered, shingle roof, which can be rotated, nice, small windows and it is pushed by a six-sailed pinwheel. There are two pairs of millstones in the windmill and they can mill 4 quintals a day.
The windmill, which was built in 1924 by János Ozi, is 200 m away from the Helt windmill. The structure of the windmill is the same, the only difference is that in the Ozi windmill there is only one pair of millstones. The windmills are protected national monuments, and they can be visited all year long.
Churches
The first church of the village was built before 1276 in pursuance of King István's command, which said: Every ten villages must have a church built by rock. Tés was a churched settlement, it had a church and also a priest, therefore it was called Egyházastés until 1566. The village has a Catholic and an Evangelical church today.
The Catholic church
The middle part of the present catholic church was renovated in 1725 by Earl Ferenc Bertram Nesszelrode. He was the provost of Székesfehérvár. The church proved close, so János Horváth, bishop of Székesfehérvár, like a patron, started to expand it in 1834. After his dead, the bedchamber continued the construction. It was finished in 1837. In that year the church was re-sanctified, and St. István became its patron saint. The original vestry converted to a chapel, in which an altar was set up. Above the altar there was made an oratorio. Its furnishing consist of baroque altar-piece, plait pulpit, baroque crucifix, and a plait christening fount. Its oldest picture is in the right side of the nave. It shows Jesus hanging on the cross and it is from the 16th century.
The Evangelical church
The construction of the Evangelical church begun in 1785 and it was finished in 1786. The organ was bought in 1806 and the bells in 1808. In 1864 the church was fully renovated, and it was also at that time when the tower was built. Its furnishing consists of a baroque altarpiece and a marble-adorned pulpit. György Tarlósi was the first known evangelical clergyman of Tés.
The Alba Regia cave
The Alba Regia cave is the third deepest cave in the country. Its exploration was begun in 1975 and due to the hostile environment it took for quite a long time. In October, the entrance test hole, which depth is almost five meters, was dug. Exploratories went along the next 30 metres through strait routes full of scree. Then, beyond some crannies, they reached the so-called "Explorer branch" of the cave in which the first stalagmites could be seen. At the bottom of the test hole, sunk in extremely difficult circumstances, the channel was opened on 24 October. The air temperature of the inner passages of Cave Alba Regia is about 7 degrees lower than the Hungarian average 8,1-8,5 °C. During the exploration, the strong enrichment of carbon dioxide in some passages became apparent. It is Istvan Eszterhas who collects and converses the wildlife of the cave that was wholly closed until its discovery. He started trapping in 1976, and even in that year he could differentiate between 21 species. In 1977, the number of cave creatures increased to 56, and in 1979, it was as high as 70. The cave can be visited only with a permission and a professional guide.
'Római fürdő'
The Gaja runnel cut the limestone face deep and created the breakthrough called 'Római fürdő', which like the other breakthroughs around here is very spectacular and romantic. The runnel running through the canyon is the most spectacular at the time of snowbreak with the small riffles and falls.
This beautiful place is a bit farer from the village, in the middle of the forest. A resting place belongs to the excursion place and you can fry bacon here. 'Római fürdő' is a perfect destination of a family trip on a Sunday afternoon. You can get there easily on foot from Tés or Bakonynána.
References
Populated places in Veszprém County |
4042136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Lindsay | Mark Lindsay | Mark Lindsay (born March 9, 1942) is an American musician, best known as the lead singer of Paul Revere & the Raiders.
Early life
Lindsay was born in Eugene, Oregon, and was the second of eight children of George and Esther Ellis Lindsay. The family moved to Idaho when he was young, where he attended Wilder High School.
Career
Lindsay began performing at age 15 with local bands that played local venues. He was tapped to sing in a band, Freddy Chapman and the Idaho Playboys, after he won a local talent contest. After Chapman left the area, Lindsay saw the other band members and a new member, Paul Revere Dick, playing at a local I.O.O.F. Hall. He persuaded the band to allow him to sing a few songs with them. The next day, he was working at McClure Bakery in Caldwell, Idaho, when Paul Revere came in to buy supplies for a hamburger restaurant that he owned. This chance meeting began their professional relationship.
The Downbeats
Lindsay became lead singer and saxophone player in a band with Revere and several others. He suggested they call themselves "The Downbeats" after a magazine with the same title. They made some demo tapes in 1960 in Boise, Idaho, and signed with a record company called Gardena Records. The group scored their first national hit with the piano/guitar instrumental "Like, Long Hair" which peaked at No. 38 in the Billboard charts on April 17, 1961.
After changing personnel a few more times, the band recorded the song "Louie, Louie" about the same time that a rival Pacific Northwest band, The Kingsmen, recorded the song. The Kingsmen version was the one that charted nationally, but Mark and his bandmates also were gaining attention.
Paul Revere & the Raiders
Around the time "Louie, Louie" was recorded, they decided to use Paul Revere's name as a gimmick and bill themselves as "Paul Revere & the Raiders". They began to dress in Revolutionary War-style outfits. Mark Lindsay carried the theme a bit further by growing his hair out and pulling it back into a ponytail, which became his signature look.
Lindsay and the group caught the attention of Dick Clark, who was developing Where the Action Is, an afternoon show for the teen market. Clark hired the group as regular performers, and the group soon became very successful. Lindsay's lanky stature and good looks, as well as his excellent singing voice, quickly gained him immense popularity; he became one of the premier American teen idols of the 1960s.
Lindsay soon started working not only as the singer of the group, but also as a composer and producer. The Raiders were the first rock group signed by Columbia Records and were produced by Terry Melcher, the son of actress and singer Doris Day. Lindsay and Melcher became friends and shared a house for a while. The house later became infamous as the site of the horrific murders of actress Sharon Tate and others, committed by members of Charles Manson's "family."
Television
By 1968 Lindsay had completely taken over the writing and producing tasks for the group. Paul Revere & the Raiders had a revolving cast of band members, with only Revere and Lindsay remaining in the group since its inception. Where the Action Is had passed into television history. Dick Clark had created another show, Happening '68, which was to be hosted by Revere and Lindsay, and was to feature the group. The group itself was featured prominently in this show, whereas in Where the Action Is, the entire group was part of an ensemble of other musical performers. Happening '68 premiered in January 1968. The show was so popular that the group also hosted a daily version over the summer of 1968, called It's Happening. Happening '68 survived into 1969, at which point the name of the show became Happening. The show was canceled in October 1969.
By this time, like many other groups, Mark Lindsay and his bandmates were trying to maintain their success, but also were exploring other opportunities. Lindsay began to record solo records and to produce records for his bandmate, Freddy Weller, who went on to have his own solo success in the country music genre.
Lindsay had some success with such songs as "Arizona" (1969, Billboard #10), which sold over one million copies and was awarded a gold disc; and "Silver Bird" (Billboard #25) in 1970.
Lindsay recorded "Indian Reservation", a song written by John Loudermilk and made into a Hot 100 top 20 hit by Don Fardon years earlier. It was intended to be a solo recording for Lindsay, but for marketing purposes, the decision was made to release the song under the simple band name of "Raiders" with just Lindsay & Revere appearing on the track along with L.A. session players from the Wrecking Crew, and the song was retitled with a subtitle, "Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)". On the Hot 100, the record reached No. 1, whereas the highest position that Paul Revere & the Raiders had ever reached was No. 4.
Lindsay continued to chart solo singles throughout 1970-71: "Miss America" (#44 - May 1970), "And the Grass Won't Pay No Mind" (#44 - November 1970), "Problem Child" (#80 - January 1971), "Been Too Long on the Road" (#98 - June 1971) and "Are You Old Enough" (#87 - October 1971). Lindsay kept his profile up by appearing on The Carpenters television variety show Make Your Own Kind of Music, as well as singing the themes to films Something Big (1971) and "Jody", the theme from Santee (1973 - credited to The Raiders).
By the mid-seventies the group no longer sold as many records as they once had, and both Lindsay and the Raiders lost their Columbia contract. Lindsay officially left the group in 1975 when he and Paul Revere apparently had different visions for the group and their own individual pursuits. He did make a few more appearances in 1976 for some Bicentennial performances as well as a Dick Clark produced reunion with his Action era bandmates in 1977.
After the Raiders
According to a Rolling Stone interview (conducted in 1985), Lindsay left The Raiders because "there was a contractual thing I didn't agree with, and I just stopped."
Lindsay continued to record solo singles for a few years (for Warner Bros., Elka and Greedy Records) before retiring from performing to serve as head of A&R for United Artists Records. He contributed to the recordings of artists such as Gerry Rafferty (on "Baker Street"), Kenny Rogers, and others. His accomplishments also included composing jingles for commercials (including Baskin-Robbins, Datsun, Kodak, Pontiac, and Levi's) and scores for motion pictures. He contributed both his voice and his musical compositions to advertisements for companies such as Yamaha, which used the music from "Silver Bird" as the background to one of its commercials. He also composed music for the movies For Pete's Sake and The Love Machine, sung by Barbra Streisand and Dionne Warwick, respectively, and for a 1982 documentary, The Killing of America, as well as a song for the movie Savage Streets. In 1980 he dubbed a voice and co-wrote the musical score (with W. Michael Lewis) for the American version of the Japanese movie Shogun Assassin.
Lindsay made some appearances in 1985 in conjunction with the centennial of the Statue of Liberty, the Legends for Liberty tour (backed by the sixties rock band Spirit), and began to tour on his own again. In 1989 he quietly began recording at Kiva Studios (now House of Blues Studios of Memphis) in Memphis, Tennessee with friend Michael Bradley. Although the album Looking for Shelter was not picked up for national release, Lindsay made the album available for fans through his website in 2003. In the early nineties he met the group, The Chesterfield Kings in Rochester, New York, on one of his tours, and later collaborated with them, performing on their recording of "Where Do We Go From Here?" He also appeared in a cameo in their film, Where is the Chesterfield King? (2000).
Lindsay's next official solo release was Video Dreams in 1996. This effort was warmly received and Lindsay began an even more aggressive touring schedule. Video Dreams had originally started as a duet album with Carla Olson. Lindsay previously dueted with Olson on "Ups and Downs", included on her 1994 album Reap The Whirlwind. Olson co-produced the original sessions with Lindsay and brought in Danny Federici and Eric Johnson, as well as songs written by two friends of hers, Scott Kempner of the Del Lords and Michael Nold. A disagreement about the album's direction led to the album becoming a solo album by Lindsay, though the song selection remained the same, with only one song added that had not originally been recorded with Olson.
He followed this release with a holiday record (Twas the Night Before Christmas (2000)) and Live at Rick's Cafe (1999) (not a live album, but a collection of pre-rock standards).
In 2003 he had announced he would retire from touring, but he later reconsidered. A recording of his first "farewell" show was released in 2004 (The Last Midnight Ride). He currently does some touring, but as of January 7, 2006, he was heard on a webcast every Saturday night on the website of KISN radio from 7 p.m. to 12 a.m. PST, titled "Mark After Dark."
On November 11, 2006, "Mark After Dark" switched to FM webcast "K-Hits 106-7" KLTH Saturday nights 7 p.m. to 11 p.m. PST. On March 10, 2007, the program "Mark After Dark" changed its name to "Mark Lindsay's Rock & Roll Cafe" to refer to Lindsay's restaurant, which opened to the public in Portland, Oregon, on August 27, 2007. The restaurant included a remote studio where Lindsay did his radio show in front of restaurant guests and can be seen from the street and sidewalk. The studio was also used at times by other K-Hits air personalities.
On September 21, 2007, a federal lawsuit was filed against the new restaurant for the restaurant's allegedly unauthorized use of various trademarks owned by the Yaw family, who had operated Yaw's Top Notch Restaurants in the Portland area for many years. On May 12, 2008, "Mark Lindsay's Rock & Roll Cafe" announced its closure.
Lindsay's recording of Treat Her Right with Los Straitjackets in 2001 was cited by Stephen King in his column for Entertainment Weekly in May 2008. "This remake of Roy Head's 1965 soul hit smokes. And Mark Lindsay sounds so good you just gotta wonder where he was all those years."
During the summers of 2010–2013, Lindsay had a heavy touring schedule throughout the U.S. as part of the Happy Together: 25th Anniversary Tour, along with Flo & Eddie of The Turtles, The Grass Roots, The Buckinghams, and 'Monkees' member Micky Dolenz (2010 and 2013 only). In 2013, Lindsay recorded an album of new material on the Bongo Boy Records label entitled, "Life Out Loud." Lindsay was on the national tour of the "Happy Together" tours of 2015, 2016, and 2018, and will be on the upcoming "Happy Together" tour of 2020. In 2022, “Silver Bird” figures prominently in the Netflix movie The Gray Man starring Ryan Gosling.
Personal life
Lindsay married his second wife, Deborah (née Brandt) on July 29, 1989, in McCall, Idaho, after his first marriage, to Jaime Zygon, ended in the early 1980s, and now resides in Maine downeast near Machias.
Discography
Albums
Arizona (Columbia) 1969, US 36
Silverbird (Columbia) 1970, US 82
You've Got A Friend (Columbia) 1971, US 180
Shogun Assassin (soundtrack) (w/ Michael Lewis)(import) 1980
The Best of Mark Lindsay (Columbia) 1984
Looking for Shelter (marklindsaysounds.com) 1989; 2003
Video Dreams (alala music) 1996 This album was originally a duet project with Carla Olson. Rumors of an eventual release of the Carla / Mark version of the album known as Revenge continue.
Live at Rick's Cafe (alala music) 1999
Twas the Night Before Christmas (alala music) 2000
The Last Midnight Ride (marklindsaysounds.com) 2004
Mark Lindsay: The Complete Columbia Singles (Real Gone Music) 2012
Like Nothing That You've Seen - Single (Bongo Boy Records) 2013
Show Me The Love - Single (Bongo Boy Records) 2013
Life Out Loud (Bongo Boy Records) 2013
Singles
"First Hymn from Grand Terrace" (Columbia) 1969, US BB 81, US AC 24
"Arizona" (Columbia) 1969, US BB 10, US AC 16, RIAA Gold
"Miss America (Columbia) 1970, US BB 44, US AC 20
"Silver Bird" (Columbia) 1970, US BB 25, US AC 7
"And the Grass Won't Pay No Mind" (Columbia) 1970, US BB 44, US AC 5; Canada RPM 34, AC 14
"Problem Child" (Columbia) 1971, US BB 80, US AC 35
"Been Too Long on the Road" (Columbia) 1971, US BB 98
"Are You Old Enough" (Columbia) 1971, US BB 87
"Something Big" (Columbia) 1972, US AC 36
"Photograph" (Columbia) 1975, US RW 113
"Sing Your Own Song" (Greedy) 1976, US CB 103, US AC 22
Production credits
Singles
"Tighter"/"Young Enough to Cry" (1967), Marlin - The Unknowns, single
"Birds of a Feather"/"To Know Her is to Love Her" (1969), Columbia Records - single/Keith Allison
"First Hymn from Grand Terrace" (1969), Columbia Records
"Everybody"/"Wednesday's Child" (1969), Columbia Records - single/Keith Allison
"Arizona" (1970), Columbia Records
"Miss America"/"Small Town Woman" (1970), Columbia Records
"Silver Bird" (1970), Columbia Records
"And the Grass Won't Pay No Mind" (1970), Columbia Records
"Song Seller"/"A Simple Song" (1972), Columbia Records - The Raiders, single
"Love Music"/"Goodbye No. 9" (1973), Columbia Records - The Raiders, single
"(If I Had it to Do All Over Again, I'd Do It) All Over You"/"Seaboard Line Boogie" (1974), CBS - The Raiders
"Sing Your Own Song" (1976), Greedy - Mark Lindsay, single w/Perry Botkin, Jr.
"Oklahoma"/"Oklahoma" (1977), Capitol Records - w/Terry Melcher
"Sing Me High (Sing Me Low)"/"Flips-Eyed" (1977), Warner Bros. - Mark Lindsay, single
"Little Ladies of the Night"/"Flips-Eyed" (1977), Warner Bros. Records - Mark Lindsay, single
"Tobacco Road" (1977), United Artists - Ritchie Lecea, exec. producer, single
"Theme from Mork and Mindy"/"Disco Kicks" (1979), Ariola - Cake, w/Perry Botkin, Jr., single
"Disco Kicks" (1981), J & D - The Original Mass, w/Perry Botkin, Jr., 12-inch single
Albums
Something Happening (1968), Columbia Records - Paul Revere & the Raiders
Hard and Heavy (With Marshmallow) (1969), Columbia Records - /Paul Revere & the Raiders
Alias Pink Puzz (1969), Columbia Records - Paul Revere & the Raiders
Games People Play (1969), Columbia Records - Freddy Weller
Listen to the Young Folks (1970), Columbia Records - Freddy Weller, 3 tracks
Collage (1970), Columbia Records - The Raiders
Indian Reservation (1971), Columbia Records - The Raiders
You've Got a Friend (1971), Columbia Records - Mark Lindsay, all but two tracks
Country Wine (1972), Columbia Records - The Raiders
Boy from New York City (1979), United Artists - Michael Christian, w/Perry Botkin, Jr.
Lifeline (1979), United Artists - Paul Balfour, w/Perry Botkin, Jr.
Shogun Assassin Soundtrack (1980), Toshiba - Wonderland Philharmonic
unreleased Paul Revere & the Raiders album w/vocalist Michael Bradley (1982)
Looking for Shelter (1990), marklindsaysounds.com - Mark Lindsay, w/Michael Bradley
Video Dreams (1996), alala - Mark Lindsay
Live at Rick's Cafe (1999), alala - Mark Lindsay, w/W. Michael Lewis
Twas the Night Before Christmas (2000), marklindsaysounds.com - Mark Lindsay, w/W. Michael Lewis
The Last Midnight Ride (2004), marklindsaysounds.com - Mark Lindsay
FilmographyShogun Assassin (1980)The Killing of America'' (1982)
References
External links
Mark Lindsay's MySpace Page
Official Website
1942 births
Living people
Musicians from Eugene, Oregon
Musicians from Portland, Oregon
American rock singers
American rock songwriters
American male singer-songwriters
People from Wilder, Idaho
American saxophonists
American male saxophonists
American multi-instrumentalists
Singer-songwriters from Oregon
21st-century saxophonists
21st-century American male musicians
Singer-songwriters from Idaho
Paul Revere & the Raiders members |
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