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4040983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League%20of%20African%20Democratic%20Socialist%20Parties | League of African Democratic Socialist Parties | The League of African Democratic Socialist Parties, initially known as the Socialist Inter-African, is a union of democratic socialist political parties in the continent of Africa. It was set up to provide an international forum for moderate socialists in Africa, and proclaimed that "democratic socialism" was the only possible path to African development. It is affiliated to, but not a regional component of, the Socialist International.
The decision to set it up was taken at the 1976 Geneva meeting of the Socialist International by a group of African social democrats led by Léopold Sédar Senghor of Senegal. At the time vice-president of the SI, he was "entrusted" with the task of setting up a local organisation that would be free of accusations of any affiliation to Moscow.
The Socialist Inter-African held its inaugural meeting in Tunis on February 26–28, 1981. Eleven democratic socialist parties from across the continent attended. Amongst the founding parties was the Sudanese Socialist Union of Gaafar Nimeiry. Senghor was unable to attract all the continent's socialists; prominent exceptions included Zimbabwe and Namibia. The Soviet press declared the union of "bourgeois" parties was dangerous and opportunistic, and that the Socialist Inter-African was "programmed in Western Europe and designed in Dakar and Tunis."
References
Socialism in Africa
Politics of Africa
Pan-Africanist organizations in Africa |
4040986 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-eyed%20fig%20parrot | Double-eyed fig parrot | The double-eyed fig parrot (Cyclopsitta diophthalma), also known as the blue-faced fig parrot, red-faced fig parrot, dwarf fig parrot, and the two-eyed fig parrot, primarily inhabits forests on New Guinea and nearby islands, but is also found in isolated communities along the tropical Australian coast, east of the Great Dividing Range. With an average total length of about , it is the smallest parrot in Australia.
Most subspecies of the double-eyed fig parrot are sexually dimorphic, with males having more red (less silvery and blue) to the face than the females. It is predominantly green with a very short tail, a disproportionately large head and bill, and red and blue facial markings. Its name is derived from a blue spot on the lores, which in New Guinean birds is roughly the same size as the eyes.
Although assessed as of Least Concern by the IUCN, certain subspecies are under threat. Coxen's fig parrot (C. d. coxeni) is of one Australia's rarest and least known birds, having been recorded on fewer than 200 occasions since being described by Gould in 1866. It is classified as Endangered in Queensland (Nature Conservation Act 1992), New South Wales (New South Wales Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995), and also nationally in Australia (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999) as it has declined due, at least in part, to the clearing of lowland subtropical rainforest over its range.
Behaviour
The double-eyed fig parrot generally forages for figs, berries, seeds, nectar, and the grubs of wood-boring insects. This foraging is done in pairs or in a flock of only a few individuals. It tends to fly in a quick and direct manner. It produces a short and shrill call. Unlike many other parrots which generally use existing holes in trees for nests, double-eyed fig parrots excavate their own nest cavities, usually in a rotten tree.
Double-eyed fig parrots utter high-pitched, clipped, two or three note zzzt-zzzt or zeet-zeet calls, unlike the rolling or trilling screeches typical of lorikeets. These calls are mostly made in flight, but sometimes when perched. When engrossed in feeding, it may also make a variety of softer, chattering noises.
Eight subspecies of the double-eyed fig parrot are described. Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni, C. d. macleayana, and C. d. marshalli are restricted to Australia, and the other five are restricted to New Guinea and associated islands.
Subspecies
C. d. aruensis (Aru double-eyed fig parrot)
C. d. coccineifrons (Astrolabe Mountain fig parrot)
C. d. coxeni (Coxen's fig parrot)
C. d. diophthalma
C. d. inseparabilis (Tagula fig parrot)
C. d. macleayana (Macleay's fig parrot or red-browed fig parrot)
C. d. marshalli (Marshall's fig parrot)
C. d. virago (Hartert's double-eyed fig parrot)
See also
Blue-fronted fig parrot
References
Further reading
Recovery Plan for the Coxen's Fig Parrot Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni (Gould), New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service, July 2002
External links
World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia - Species Profiles
double-eyed fig parrot
Birds of New Guinea
Birds of Queensland
double-eyed fig parrot
double-eyed fig parrot
double-eyed fig parrot |
4040987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...So%20Good%20Afternoon | ...So Good Afternoon | ... So Good Afternoon is the second studio album by American alternative rock band Caroline's Spine. The relatively short album features many tracks which would be later re-recorded for other albums. It was intended primarily as a compilation to sell at their live shows.
Track listing
Personnel
Jimmy Newquist – vocals, bass, guitar
Jason Gilardi – drums, percussion
Mark Haugh – guitar
Luis Moral – bass (Listed, but did not record. He joined briefly after the recording.)
Production
Produced by Dan Calderone and Caroline's Spine
All music and lyrics by James P. Newqust
Music published by Archaic Music (BMI)
Recorded & mixed at Anza Digital, San Diego, CA in July 1994.
Engineered by Dan Calderone & Joe Statt
Layout & design by Joe Statt
Photography by Jim Newquist, Elizabeth Capps, Jeff Taylor, Mark Haugh & Lori Statt
References
1994 albums
Caroline's Spine albums |
5376885 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheriff%20Hill | Sheriff Hill | Sheriff Hill is a suburb in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead in Tyne and Wear, England. It lies on the B1296 road south of Gateshead, south of Newcastle upon Tyne and north of the historic city of Durham. According to the 2001 UK census it had a population of 5,051.
Historically part of Gateshead Fell in County Durham, Sheriff Hill was the site of a battle between William the Conqueror and Malcolm III of Scotland in 1068. A road was built through Gateshead Fell in the early 13th century, attracting some settlers. A procession of bishops, sheriffs and noblemen known as the Sheriff's March took place on the road in 1282 and continued biannually until the 1830s. By then, Gateshead Fell had been enclosed and a village had grown around the road, largely populated by an influx of tinkers, coalminers working at Sheriff Hill Colliery and workers at the local pottery, mill and sandstone quarry. By the turn of the 20th century these industries were in steep decline. The local authority built a large council estate at Sheriff Hill to alleviate dangerous overcrowding in Gateshead, effectively turning the area into a residential suburb. It ceased to be an independent village on 1 April 1974 when it was incorporated into the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead under the terms of the Local Government Act 1972.
Now part of the local council ward of High Fell, the suburb is economically disadvantaged compared with other areas of the borough and nationally, with high levels of unemployment. Sheriff Hill was the site of one of Gateshead's largest boarding schools but as of 2012, the only remaining educational establishment is Glynwood Primary School. The suburb also contains the Queen Elizabeth Hospital the largest hospital in Gateshead, a small dene and a small park. The principal landmark is St John the Evangelist Church, one of three Grade II listed buildings in the area and one of two remaining churches. The southern end of Sheriff's Highwaythe main road through the suburb, is more than above sea level, making it the highest point in Gateshead.
History
Early history
Until the 19th century, Sheriff Hill was part of Gateshead Fell, a "windswept, barren and treacherous heath" that took its name from the town of Gateshead and the fell or common land contiguous with it. In 1068, Malcolm III of Scotland marched across the Scottish border to challenge the authority of William the Conqueror. Malcolm, accompanied by native insurgents and foreign supporters, was met by William's men in the area of Sheriff Hill and was decisively beaten. In the 13th century, a road through Gateshead Fell became the main trade route between Durham and Newcastle and as its importance grew, two public housesthe Old Cannon and The Three Tuns, were built along with a small number of houses.
The settlement's name derives from the Sheriff's March; an ancient, biannual procession first held in 1278. An inquisition at Tynemouth declared that the King of Scotland, the Archbishop of York, the Prior of Tynemouth, the Bishop of Durham and Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus should meet the justices before they entered Newcastle from the south. A procession was held before the meeting; on the appointed day the procession started in Newcastle, crossed the River Tyne to Gateshead and made its way up the steep road. The meeting place was initially at Chile Well but subsequently the procession came to "light and go into the house". The house was the Old Cannon public house, where drink was served at the sheriff's expense. When the judges arrived, the procession returned to Newcastle.
In 1647, Gateshead Fell was surveyed and was found to consist of of land. A number of small, isolated settlements had developed around the road at modern-day Deckham, Wrekenton, Low Fell and Sheriff Hill. The few cottages and properties at Sheriff Hill were of such poor quality that in 1713, the total of ninety-one cottages returned only £8 9s 6d in rent. The rental rate declined over the years and eventually, poverty rates were so high that several tenants paid no rent. The houses were extremely unappealing; many were essentially mud hutsearth mounds carved into dwellings and roofed with sod. The length of the road that ran through Sheriff Hill was called Sodhouse Bank. By the middle of the 18th century, the area had become a wild and frightening place and when theologian John Wesley arrived in 1785, he found a "pathless waste of white".
Industrial growth and enclosure
The road through Gateshead Fell was turnpiked by the Durham to Tyne Bridge Road Act in 1747. Although it had brought some early settlers to the area, the development of industry allowed the formative settlement to grow. In 1740, John Warburton opened a pottery at Carr Hill which is credited with introducing white earthenware to Tyneside. Encouraged by Warburton's success, Paul Jackson established the Sheriff Hill Pottery in 1771 at the northern end of the turnpike road and by 1775 was advertising his earthenware in the Newcastle Journal. Jackson's pottery, which became a local centre of pottery production, attracted settlers to the area and became a source of pride to local residents.
In 1793, Sheriff Hill Colliery, or "Ellison Main Colliery", opened at the summit of Gateshead Fell on the boundary between Sheriff Hill and Low Fell. The colliery had two shaftsthe Fanny and Isabella Pitsand provided employment for over 100 men and boys. In 1809, an Act ordered the enclosure of Gateshead Fell. Commissioners were appointed to settle claims and apportion Gateshead Fell accordingly. Plans were laid for the requisition and construction of wells, quarries, drains, roads and watering placesincluding a well at Blue Quarries. New roads, today known as Blue Quarries Road, Church Road and Windy Nook Road, were built. The last allotment land disputes were settled in 1830 and Gateshead Fell was entirely enclosed, formally creating the villages of Sheriff Hill, Low Fell, Deckham, Carr Hill and Wrekenton. After the enclosure, Sheriff Hill was a rural settlement before becoming a village.
In 1819, an explosion tore through the Sheriff Hill Colliery killing thirty-five people. Other industries were flourishing in the area; in 1823 "Heworth Windmill" or "Snowden's Mill", a gristmill worked by around thirty employees, was built and "Blue Quarries", a sandstone quarry, was opened in 1820 and provided employment for stonemasons, quarrymen and their apprentices. While not as extensive as Kell's Quarries at Windy Nook, Blue Quarries produced "Newcastle Grindstones" of excellent quality and world renown.
Modern history
By the turn of the 20th century, the industries at Sheriff Hill were in decline. In the 1890s the Old Mill closed, as did Sheriff Hill Pottery in 1909. In the 1920s Blue Quarries was filled in and Sheriff Hill Colliery, the longest surviving industrial operation, closed in 1926. The only surviving reminders of the suburb's industrial past are street names such as "Pottersway" and "Blue Quarries Road".
The industries that had disappeared were replaced by tracts of housing. While most of the sod cottages were torn down after enclosure, the remaining dwellings were in such poor condition that in 1883, Gateshead's Medical Health Officer described their standard as one of abject squalor. Some private housing estates were built in Sheriff Hill around 1900, including the Egremont Estatea distinctive estate dating from around 1910 where the houses have flat roofs with steps leading to them as an architectural feature, and also at Sourmilk Hill, where there are some irregularly arranged vernacular houses built from locally quarried stone and slate which give the area "the character of a small, rural farmstead". These developments did little to alleviate the unsanitary conditions and the chronic overcrowding in the village and across the borough. In light of these problems Gateshead Council, after having previously refused in 1911 and 1917, decided to purchase of land in Carr Hill and Sheriff Hill under the Housing Act 1919 at a cost of £19,000 in February 1919.
This led to the building of the first council housing estate in Gateshead. Alderman Hodkin laid the foundation stone on 27 October 1920; as work commenced the Alderman demonstrated the authority's concerns, telling the local newspaper that: "we can build houses, but we cannot build homes. Only the people themselves can do that and I hope that the spirit of 'esprit de corps' will prevail and this will be a model estate" Demand was highthere were 427 applicants for the first twenty eight houses builtand the council built further tracts of housing in a broad triangle between Sodhouse Bank, Ermine Crescent and The Avenue, although central government withdrew its promised funding. By 1936, most of the social housing available as of 2012 was in existence and provides accommodation to over half of the population of the suburb.
Sheriff Hill is now a residential suburb of Gateshead; in 1974 it was incorporated into the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead by the implementation of the Local Government Act 1972, before which it was considered part of County Durham. It is bordered by Low Fell to the west, Deckham to the north, Beacon Lough to the south and Windy Nook and Carr Hill to the east.
Governance
Sheriff Hill comprises part of the High Fell council ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead. The ward covers approximately , has a population of 8,952, and is represented on Gateshead Council by three councillors.
Sheriff Hill is represented in Parliament as part of the Gateshead constituency; the sitting Member of Parliament (MP) is Labour representative Ian Mearns, who was elected at the May 2010 general election with a majority of 12,549 votes over Liberal Democrat Frank Hindle. The swing from Labour to the Liberal Democrats was 3.9%.
Before May 2010, the area was part of the Gateshead East and Washington West constituency, which was abolished in that year's boundary changes. The MP for Gateshead East and Washington West from 2005 to 2010 was Sharon Hodgson, who campaigned in the newly formed constituency of Washington and Sunderland West. Hodgson succeeded Joyce Quin, who retired on 11 April 2005.
Geography and topography
Sheriff Hill is south of Gateshead town centre and from London. The underlying geology is predominantly sandstone, grindstone and clay. At the southern end of the suburb the land reaches an elevation of over above sea level, which is the highest point in the borough. In 1829, the view of Newcastle and the River Tyne from the hill was said to be "uncommonly grand" and it inspired local artist Thomas Miles Richardson to paint his first notable picture, "View of Newcastle from Gateshead Fell" in 1816. In spite of the extensive rebuilding in the 20th century, the natural topography still affords panoramic views, particularly to the east towards the coast and north as far as the Cheviot Hills, from several vantage points.
Climate
Sheriff Hill, in common with much of the north east of England, has a temperate climate. The mean highest temperature is , which is slightly lower than the England average of . The mean lowest temperature, , is somewhat higher than the England average of . The total annual rainfall is , significantly lower than the national average for England of .
Demography
According to the United Kingdom Census 2001, Sheriff Hill has a population of 5,05153% of whom are female, slightly above the national average, and 47% are male. 2.5% of the population are from a Black or other Minority Ethnic Group (BME), compared to 9.1% of the national population. Of the BME group, 41% are from the Asian or Asian–British ethnic group.
18.9% of all households are single-parent households, the fifth highest proportion in Gateshead compared with the Gateshead average of 11.5% and the UK average of 9.5%. 32.1% of households have dependent children, compared with 29.5% nationally and 28.4% in Gateshead. The Index of Multiple Deprivation, which divides England into 32,482 areas and considers quality of life indicators to measure deprivation, splits Sheriff Hill into two areas, one of which was in the top five percent of deprived areas in England in 2007.
Sheriff Hill compares unfavourably with the wider Gateshead area in respect of adults with educational qualifications. 50.7% of adults in the suburb have no educational qualifications, compared with 38.4% across Gateshead and with the England average of 28.9%. 25.2% of adults have five or more GCSEs or equivalent at grades A* to C compared with 46.6% across England, and 11.5% of adults in the suburb have two or more A-Levels or equivalent compared with the England average of 28.2% and 18.6% across Gateshead.
Religion
According to the 2001 UK census, 82.7% of residents in Sheriff Hill describe themselves as Christian. This is marginally higher than the regional average of 80.1% and substantially higher than the national average of 71.7%. The second most prevalent religion is Islam; some 0.57% of residents identify as Muslim. Around 0.1% identify as Buddhist and the same proportion identify as Jewish. Just 0.05% identify as Hindu. All of these figures are below the national average. Of the remaining residents, 0.1% adhere to a religion other than those stated, 11.2% have "no religion" and 5.1% did not state any religion.
There are two churches in the suburb today. The Anglican Church of St John is located in Church Road and the Sheriff Hill Methodist Church, a member of United Methodist Free Churches, is located at the junction of Kells Lane and Sheriff's Highway and is shown on the 1939 ordnance survey maps. It is a modern, brick building of semi-circular design.
Economy
While the original settlement at Sheriff Hill developed through the growth of industry in the area, the suburb today is predominantly residential with no significant industry. The suburb was once considered affluent, but as of 2012, almost half of the working age population are economically inactive and less than half of households own a car. The area has than higher levels of unemployment in comparison with Gateshead and England: at Broadway, Pottersway and the Avenue, only 23.8% of adults have full-time employment and 10.09% have part-time jobs. Around 3.1% of the population are self-employed. Those in employment work outside the area, except those employed in the suburb's public houses, betting shops or fast-food outlets. Other small shops provide some local employment, but few are open for any length of time as they cannot compete with larger retailers elsewhere in Gateshead.
Health
Sheriff Hill was once the site of a lunatic asylum, which was opened in the 1830s and situated on Sour Milk Hill Lane. Sheriff Hill Lunatic Asylum tended 86 patients in 1844 and continued to attract admissions until its closure in 1860. Soon after, work began on a 38–bed isolation hospital at what is today Queen Elizabeth Avenue. The first building was completed in 1878 and others were added later. The site was enclosed by a large stone wall tipped with barbed wire and broken glass, and by 1903 the hospital comprised a main block with an administrative building in the centre with a ward block on each side, another three-ward block, a porter's lodge, a steam disinfecting building, a laundry and a mortuary. The hospital had a maximum capacity of 78 patients, who were tended by two resident doctors and 10 nurses.
During the period 1918 to 1939, the isolation hospital remained the sole medical provision in Sheriff Hill. Faced with an increase in population, Gateshead Council decided that a new general hospital should be built. In March 1938, preliminary work started on the Queen Elizabeth Hospital on the site of the isolation hospital; the foundations were laid in 1939 but the outbreak of World War II delayed the building work. The new hospital was opened by Queen Elizabeth, wife of King George VI, on 18 March 1948. It is the largest hospital in Gateshead and has since been expanded, most notably with the opening of the North East NHS Surgery Centre in 2008, which cost £13.3 million.
According to official data, Sheriff Hill residents experience comparatively poor health; 13.7% of the adult population are considered clinically obese, around 38% of adults smoke compared with the UK average of 25.9% of adults, and 37% of adults are binge drinkers. The average life expectancy for men is 77.9 years, the same as the UK average, but for women is 78 years; four years below the UK national average.
Education
In 1875, Sheriff Hill Board School was opened on Church Road. The school was open to pupils aged 5 to 14, and the curriculum focused upon "the three Rs" and included some other subjects such as needlework and biblical instruction. Attendance was compulsory but truancy was rifesuch was the scale of the problem that prizes and awards were presented to encourage attendance. The school closed in 1947 and was replaced by Glynwood Primary School and Ennerdale Junior School, which were opened by Alderman Grant on 28 November 1953 after a dedication by the Rector of Gateshead.
Situated on Glynwood Gardens and Southend Road, the schools were later merged; Glynwood School survives as the sole educational establishment in Sheriff Hill. As of 2010, the school is larger than average and the proportion of children entitled to and claiming free school meals is well above the UK average. The pupils at Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2 are taught subjects from the National Curriculum and achievement is broadly inline with the national average. After inspecting the school in 2010, OFSTED found it to be a "good" school and praised it for the high quality of teaching and for generating a positive and caring learning environment for pupils.
Leisure and recreation
Hodkin Park, at Sheriff's Highway, is one of many small parks in Gateshead. It is named in honour of Alderman Daniel Hodkin, Gateshead's deputy mayor in 1920 and a member of the Housing Committee which built council housing at Sheriff Hill. Hodkin Park was locally listed by Gateshead Council in 2004 in recognition of its significance to the local community. At the northern end of Sheriff's Highway there is a dene, shown as the "Quarry Plantation" on Ordnance Survey maps of 1858. In 2005, Gateshead Council carried out maintenance work on the dene, including the pruning of shrubbery and the installation of several sets of steps, to encourage residents to use the area.
Sheriff Hill contains several public houses because of its origin as a mining village with a population of tinkers, and because before Durham Road through Low Fell was opened in 1827, Sodhouse Bank (now Sheriff's Highway) was the route to the Great North Road. The Old Cannon, at the northern end of Sheriff's Highway, has existed since medieval times and its present name has been used since 1782, and possibly earlier. In 2016, the building still stands, but has been converted to a Chinese Takeaway. The Three Tuns, which is listed in trade directories in 1778, was the social hub of Sheriff Hill in the 19th century and used by miners and quarrymen, who engaged in cock fighting and cuddy racesinformal races between pit donkeys where bets were placedon open ground in Kells Lane. In 1867 it was the scene of a reception to celebrate the passing of Lord Russell's Reform Act, and reform meetings and benefit societies were subsequently held there. In recent times it has hosted a number of niche events, including an international pie festival in 2010 and an international sausage festival in 2011. Both the Old Cannon and The Three Tuns were locally listed by Gateshead Council in 2004. Other public houses in Sheriff Hill include the Queens Head, listed in trade directories since 1848, (which was converted into a 14 bedroom property in 2016) and the Travellers Rest, which was once called the "Golden Quiot".
Sheriff Hill Methodist Church plays an important social role in the community; it has hosted biannual jumble sales for many years and an annual Christmas Fayre is held at the church to mark the start of Christmas in Sheriff Hill.
Landmarks
Part of Sheriff Hill was designated a Conservation Area in 1999. The suburb has three Grade II listed buildings. The Church of St John was conceived in 1809 when an Enclosure Act decreed that a church be built on Gateshead Fell. The church was completed on 30 August 1825 at a cost of £2742. The church is a neat, plain, Gothic structure built from ashlar and slate, and was Grade II listed in 1950. The principal features are the tower and spire, which rise to . Coupled with the natural terrain of the land, the top of the spire reaches over above sea level, making it the highest point in the metropolitan borough and one of the highest churches in England; it is visible for several miles in all directions, making it a prominent landmark and sea mark.
Field House on Windy Nook Road was built in the 19th century in rubble stone and Welsh slate. It has been described as a remnant of Sheriff Hill's rural past and was listed on 13 January 1983. Thornlea on Church Road is one of the oldest buildings in the suburb. It is built in stone ashlar with a low hipped slate roof and the doorpiece has two intact Greek Ionic columns. Much of the original grounds have survived intact, as have the original walls of locally quarried stone. It was listed on 13 January 1988. Additionally, Sheriff Hill has ten locally listed buildings. These are the Zion Methodist Chapel, six stone cottages at Sheriff's Highway, The Three Tuns and Old Cannon public houses, and houses at 13–14 Egremont Drive.
The elevation of Sheriff Hill affords dramatic views of the surrounding landscape across the Team Valley to the west and the Cheviot Hills to the north.
Transport
Sheriff Hill is situated on the B1296 Old Durham Road, a wide and busy route that was formerly an alignment of the Great North Road, which was diverted through Low Fell. The section of Old Durham Road that traverses the suburb is called Sheriff's Highway. The journey time to Gateshead town centre by car or bus is approximately ten minutes, and approximately fifteen minutes to the centre of Newcastle upon Tyne.
−
The nearest mainline railway station is Newcastle, away. The nearest airport is Newcastle Airport, away.
Sheriff Hill is served by several bus services, including Waggonway 28, the Fab 56 which continues into Sunderland and the Fab 57, which terminates at the Ellen Wilkinson Estate and is part of the 93/94 Loop network. All buses serving Sheriff Hill are operated by Go North East under the administration of Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive, known as "Nexus".
Public services
Home Office policing in Sheriff Hill is provided by Northumbria Police; the nearest police station is at High West Street, Gateshead. Statutory emergency fire and rescue service is provided by the Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service and Sheriff Hill is served by the Gateshead East station on Dryden Road in Low Fell. Health provision is provided by the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, which is a National Health Service (NHS) hospital administered by the Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust. The area is served by an ambulance station adjacent to the hospital on Old Durham Road and ambulance services are provided by the North East Ambulance Service.
Public transport services are co-ordinated by the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive. Waste management is co-ordinated by the local authority, Gateshead Council, which provides refuse collections, which became fortnightly in March 2012. Sheriff Hill's distribution network operator for electricity is Northern Powergrid. Northumbrian Water supplies drinking water, which is sourced from Kielder Reservoir, and also has responsibility for waste water services.
Notes
References
Bibliography
Populated places in Tyne and Wear
Gateshead |
4040995 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zina%20Kocher | Zina Kocher | Zina Kocher (born December 5, 1982, in Red Deer, Alberta) is a Canadian cross-country skier and former biathlete. She competed for Team Canada in biathlon at the 2006, 2010, 2014 Winter Olympics and in 12 editions of the Biathlon World Championships.
Career
Kocher started out competing as a cross-country skier, and was introduced to the sport of biathlon at the 1998 Alberta Winter Games. After graduating from high school in 2000, she moved to Canmore to train full-time. She subsequently was selected to compete for Canada at the 2001 Junior World Championships, before embarking on her first full-time Biathlon World Cup campaign in the 2003-04 season, during which she took five top 30 finishes.
In the opening race of the 2006-07 season, a 15 km individual competition in Östersund, Sweden, Kocher finished third, becoming the first Canadian biathlete to make the podium in a top-level international event since Myriam Bédard ten years earlier. After a two-year period where she struggled with illness, Kocher took a fourth place in a pursuit at the third meeting of the 2009–10 season in Pokljuka, Slovenia, shooting 20 out of 20 targets in an event for the first time, having already taken a tenth place in the sprint at the same meeting. At the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, she was part of the Canadian team that finished eighth in the women's relay, the best ever Canadian finish in that event.
Kocher retired from biathlon competition in March 2016, and by January 2017 she had enrolled as a student of massage therapy at Mount Royal University. She subsequently competed in the 2017 national cross-country ski championships in Canmore: having trained on a part-time basis, she won the 5 km competition and finished second in the 30 km event, in a field containing members of the Canadian national cross-country ski team. She subsequently decided to switch to part-time studies and return to competition as a cross-country skier with the aim of being selected for the 2018 Winter Olympics, partly in memory of Richard Boruta, her former biathlon coach, who had been killed in a climbing accident in August 2017. Kocher won the 51 km freestyle race at the Gatineau Loppet in February 2018.
Bold Beautiful Biathlon
She was part of a group of five athletes (along with Canadian biathletes Megan Tandy, Sandra Keith, Rosanna Crawford, and Megan Imrie), who posed for the Bold Beautiful Biathlon calendar. Although Zina Kocher was one of the few fully funded athletes in the national biathlon program, she took the initiative to find opportunities for extra funding. Kocher felt the calendar would build a new image for young Canadian girls to look up to; the image of a healthy, athletic body. The nude photos were taken by Rachel Boekel and Adrian Marcoux in Canmore, Alberta. The concept was that each athlete will be featured on two pages of the calendar, and there will be four group photos. The calendar was called Bold Beautiful Biathlon, and sold for $25. The biathletes were inspired by a calendar that was done featuring Olympic cross-country skiers, Sara Renner and Beckie Scott in 2001. Renner and Scott, along with three other teammates, tastefully took their clothes off for a calendar to raise funds.
Personal life
Kocher married Alex Lawson in the summer of 2017. She is a trained doula.
See also
List of Canadian sports personalities
References
External links
CBC Bio
Zina Kocher on Real Champions
1982 births
Biathletes at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Biathletes at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Biathletes at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Canadian female biathletes
Living people
Olympic biathletes of Canada
Sportspeople from Red Deer, Alberta
Canadian female cross-country skiers |
5376887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Tom%20Brooks | Frederick Tom Brooks | Frederick Tom Brooks CBE FRS (17 December 1882 – 11 March 1952) was an English botanist and Professor of Botany at the University of Cambridge.
Life
Brooks was born in Wells, Somerset the son of Edward Brooks and attended Sexey's School, Somerset from 1895 to 1898. He then attended Merrywood Teacher Training College in Bristol.
He went up to Emmanuel College, Cambridge in 1902.
In 1907 he married Emily Broderick. They had no children.
From 1905 to 1917 he held the role of Demonstrator in the Botany department. During the First World War he had the role of Plant Pathologist in the Department of Food Production. From 1919 to 1931 he was a lecturer at Cambridge and from 1931 to 1936 a Reader.
He became Professor of Botany at Cambridge in 1936. He specialised in mycology and investigated, amongst other things, silver-leaf disease of fruit trees. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1930 and an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1946. He was President of the Cambridge Philosophical Society from 1945 to 1947.
He died in Cambridge aged 70.
In 1956, Clifford Gerald Hansford circumscribed the genus Brooksia, a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes and named in Frederick Tom Brooks honour.
Publications
Plant Diseases (1928)
Botanical reference
References
External links
1882 births
1952 deaths
People from Somerset
Fellows of the Royal Society
Honorary Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
English botanists
Professors of Botany (Cambridge)
English mycologists
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Sexey's School |
4041001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew%20Collings | Matthew Collings | Matthew Collings (born 1955) is a British art critic, writer, broadcaster, and artist. He is married to Emma Biggs, with whom he collaborates on art works.
Education
Born in London in 1955, Collings studied at Byam Shaw School of Art, and Goldsmiths College, both in London.
Life and career
He began his career working at Artscribe first in the production department in 1979 and later taking over as editor, filling that role from 1983 to 1987, bringing international relevance to the magazine. In 1987 he received a Turner Prize commendation for his work on Artscribe. Collings later moved into television working as a producer and presenter on the BBC The Late Show from 1989 to 1995. In the early 1990s he brought Martin Kippenberger into the BBC studios to create an installation, and he interviewed Georg Herold while this Cologne-based conceptual artist painted a large canvas with beluga caviar. He gave Jeff Koons his first sympathetic exposure on British TV, and Damien Hirst was also introduced for the first time to the UK TV audience by Collings.
He wrote and presented documentary films for the BBC on individual artists, such as Donald Judd, Georgia O'Keeffe and Willem de Kooning, as well as broader historical subjects such as Hitler's "Degenerate art" exhibition, art looted in the Second World War by Germany and Russia, Situationism, Spain's post-Franco art world and the rise of the Cologne art scene.
After leaving the BBC, Collings wrote 'Blimey! From Bohemia to Britpop: The London Artworld from Francis Bacon to Damien Hirst,' which humorously chronicled the rise of the Young British Art (YBA) movement. Published in 1997 by 21, a new company founded by David Bowie, among a group of others, 'Blimey!'was described by Artforum magazine as “…one of the best-selling contemporary-art books ever." (Kate Bush on the YBA Sensation, Artforum, 2004) The article went on to say that Collings "invented the perfect voice to complement YBA: He makes an impact without (crucially) ever appearing to try too hard." The following year, Collings wrote and presented the Channel 4 TV series This is Modern Art, which won him a Bafta (2000) among other awards.
Collings wrote and presented a Channel 4 series in 2003 about the "painterly" stream of Old Master painting, called Matt's Old Masters. A book by the same title accompanied the series. Further Channel 4 series by Collings included Impressionism: Revenge of the Nice (2004) and The Me Generations: Self Portraits, (2005). Between 1997 and 2005, Collings presented the Channel 4 TV programme on the Turner Prize.
In 2007 he wrote and presented the Channel 4 TV series This is Civilisation. In 2009 he appeared on the BBC2 programme "School of Saatchi" a reality TV show for newly trained UK artists.
In October 2010, he wrote and presented a BBC2 series called Renaissance Revolution, in which he discussed three Renaissance paintings: Raphael's Madonna del Prato; Hieronymus Bosch's The Garden of Earthly Delights; and Piero della Francesca's The Baptism of Christ. In 2014 he wrote and presented a 90-minute documentary for BBC4 on abstract art: The Rules of Abstraction considered early modernist beginnings by Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky, Hilma af Klint, and others, as well as contemporary continuities, ranging from Fiona Rae to El Anatsui. In the same year, Collings appeared in Frederick Wiseman's documentary, National Gallery composing and rehearsing a piece-to-camera on Turner's The Fighting Temeraire, for the documentary Turner's Thames, (2012), which Collings wrote and presented for BBC4.
Since 2015, he has been the regular art critic for the Evening Standard, replacing Brian Sewell, who died that year.
Suspension from Labour Party
In 2019 Collings was picked as Parliamentary candidate for the Labour Party for the South West Norfolk constituency, but was suspended by the party a day later.
With Emma Biggs
In October 2007, with his wife, Emma Biggs, Collings has curated many art exhibitions. These include an exhibition of Picasso's late works at the HN Gallery in London. The paintings were from the 1960s series of Painter and Model and Déjeuner sur l’herbe reworkings. According to the catalogue essay, written by Collings, the exhibition aimed to draw attention to Picasso's achievement as a manipulator of form rather than the popular myth of Picasso as a showman or lover or sensationalist genius.
Together Biggs and Collings create paintings based on intricate patterns. They have exhibited their work in London and abroad.
Books
Blimey! - From Bohemia to Britpop: London Art World from Francis Bacon to Damien Hirst, 21 Publishing, 1997
It Hurts - New York Art from Warhol to Now, 21 Publishing, 2000
This is Modern Art, Weidenfeld & Nicolson and Watson-Guptill Publications, 2000
Art Crazy Nation, 21 Publishing, 2001
Sarah Lucas, Tate Publishing, 2002
Matt's Old Masters: Titian, Rubens, Velázquez, Hogarth, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003
Criticism (with Matthew Arnatt), Rachmaninoff's, 2004
Ron Arad interviewed by Matthew Collings, Phaidon, 2004
This is Civilisation, 21 Publishing, 2008
Video and television
Omnibus: Willem de Kooning (BBC TV documentary) Narrator 1995
This Is Modern Art (Channel 4 TV series documentary) 1998
Hello Culture - (Channel 4 TV series documentary) 2001
2003 Matt's Old Masters (Channel 4 TV series documentary) Hogarth, Velázquez, Rubens, Titian
Impressionism: Revenge of the Nice (Channel 4 TV series documentary) 2004
Self Portraits (Channel 4 TV series documentary) 2005
This Is Civilisation (BBC TV series documentary) 2007
What is Beauty? (BBC TV documentary) 2009
Renaissance Revolution: Raphael, Piero, Bosch (BBC TV series documentary) 2010
Beautiful Equations (BBC4 TV one-hour documentary) 2010
Turner's Thames (BBC2 1-hour documentary)
The Rules of Abstraction with Matthew Collings (BBC4 TV documentary) 2014
References
External links
Contains images and updated information on Collings and Biggs' work
1955 births
Living people
Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London
Alumni of the Byam Shaw School of Art
British art critics
British male journalists
English contemporary artists |
4041019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Leoni | David Leoni | David Leoni (born September 8, 1982 in Liverpool, United Kingdom) is an Olympic Games biathlete for Team Canada, who lives in Jasper, Alberta. He is also a six-time Canadian Junior Champion, and three time North American Champion.
References
1982 births
Living people
Biathletes at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Canadian male biathletes
Olympic biathletes of Canada
Sportspeople from Edmonton |
5376899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedersen | Pedersen | Pedersen () is a Danish and Norwegian patronymic surname, literally meaning "son of Peder". It is the fourth most common surname in Denmark, shared by about 3.4% of the population, and the sixth most common in Norway. It is of similar origin as the surname Petersen.
Listing of people with the surname Pedersen
Aaron Pedersen (born 1970), Australian actor of Arrente/Arabana descent
Abdul Wahid Pedersen (born 1954), Danish Imam
Alexander Pedersen (1891–1955), Norwegian sprinter
Alex Pedersen (cyclist) (born 1966), Danish cyclist
Alf Pedersen (1904–1925), Norwegian boxer
Allen Pedersen (born 1965), Canadian retired professional ice hockey player
Anne Rygh Pedersen (born 1967), Norwegian politician for the Labour Party
Bente Pedersen (born 1961), Norwegian novelist
Bent-Ove Pedersen (born 1967), Norwegian tennis player
Bernard E. Pedersen, American politician
Bjarne Bent Rønne Pedersen (1935–1993), Danish musician, banjo player and singer
Bjarne Pedersen (born 1978), Danish speedway rider
Blaine Pedersen, Canadian politician in Manitoba
Carl Alfred Pedersen (1882–1960), Norwegian gymnast and triple jumper
Carl Pedersen (gymnast) (1883–1971), Danish gymnast
Carl Pedersen (rower) (1884–1968), Danish rower
Carl-Henning Pedersen (1913–2007), Danish painter
Carsten Pedersen (born 1977), Danish cricketer
Cato Zahl Pedersen (born 1959), Norwegian skier
Charles J. Pedersen (1904–1989), American organic chemist
Chris Pedersen (actor), American actor and film star
Chris Pedersen (musician), Australian drummer
Christian Pedersen (1889–1953), Danish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics
Christiern Pedersen (1480–1554), Danish canon, humanist scholar, writer, printer and publisher
Christina Pedersen (handballer) (born 1982), Danish team handball goalkeeper
Christina Pedersen (referee) (born 1981), Norwegian football referee
Christopher S. Pedersen (born 1986), Norwegian baritone
Dag Erik Pedersen (born 1959), Norwegian road racing cyclist
Dan A. Pederson, USN, first officer-in-charge of the United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program known as Topgun
David Pedersen (born 1986), Norwegian singer
Dwite Pedersen (1941–2021), American politician
Dynes Pedersen (1893–1960), Danish gymnast
Eigil Pedersen (1917–1994), Danish chess player
Ellen Birgitte Pedersen (born 1955), Norwegian politician
Erik Bue Pedersen (born 1952), Danish handball player
Erik Pedersen (born 1967), Norwegian footballer
Finn Pedersen (1925–2012), Danish rower
George Pedersen (born 1931), Canadian academic administrator
Gerhard Pedersen (1912–1987), Danish boxer
Gitte Pedersen (born 1979), Danish football player
Gro Pedersen Claussen (born 1941) Norwegian graphic designer
Gunner Møller Pedersen (born 1943), Danish composer
Haakon Pedersen (1906–1991), Norwegian speed skater
Hallgeir Pedersen (born 1973), Norwegian jazz guitarist
Hans Eiler Pedersen (1890–1971), Danish gymnast
Hans Pedersen (1887–1943), Danish gymnast
Helga Pedersen (Denmark) (1911–1980), Danish Chief Justice and politician
Helga Pedersen (Norway) (born 1973), Norwegian deputy leader for the Labour Party
Helmer Pedersen (1930–1987), New Zealand Olympic Gold medallist in yachting
Henrik Bolberg Pedersen (born 1960), Danish trumpeter and flugelhorn player with the Danish Radio Jazz Orchestra
Henrik Pedersen (born 1975), Danish professional football player
Herb Pedersen (born 1944), American musician, guitarist, banjo player, and singer-songwriter
Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen (born 1964), Norwegian cross-country skier
Holger Pedersen (1867–1953), Danish linguist
Holger Pedersen (born 1946), Danish astronomer at the European Southern Observatory
Inger Pedersen (born 1936), Norwegian politician
Inger Stilling Pedersen (1929–2017), Danish politician
Jørgen V. Pedersen (born 1959), Danish road bicycle racer
Jacob Pedersen (1889–1961), Norwegian track and field athlete
James Pedersen (1868–1944), American politician
Jamie Pedersen (born 1968), American lawyer and politician
Jan O. Pedersen (born 1962), Danish Speedway rider
Jan Ove Pedersen (born 1968), Norwegian football coach and former player
Johanne Samueline Pedersen (1887–1961), Norwegian politician
Johannes Pedersen (1892–1982), Danish gymnast
Johannes Pederson (1883–1977), Danish theologian and linguist
John Pedersen (disambiguation), multiple people
Jonas Pedersen (1871–1953), Norwegian politician
Jostein Pedersen, Norwegian commentator and "music intelligencia"
Karl Pedersen (born 1940), Danish chess player
Katrine Pedersen (born 1977), Danish football midfielder
Kayla Pedersen (born 1989), American basketball player
Kenneth Møller Pedersen (born 1973), Danish professional football midfielder
Kjetil Ruthford Pedersen (born 1973), Norwegian footballer
Knud Pederson (1925–2014), Danish resistance leader and leader of the Churchill Boys
L. C. Pedersen, American politician
Laura Pedersen (born 1965), American author
Lena Pedersen (born 1940), Canadian politician and social worker from Nunavut
Lene Pedersen (born 1977), Norwegian ski mountaineer
Lene Marlin Pedersen (born 1980), Norwegian musician more commonly referred to as Lene Marlin
Mads Pedersen (born 1995), Danish professional racing cyclist
Marc Pedersen (born 1989), Danish professional football player
Marcus Pedersen (born 1990), Norwegian football player
Martin Pedersen (cyclist) (born 1983), Danish professional road bicycle racer
Martin Pedersen (footballer) (born 1983), Danish professional football player
Martin Pedersen (tennis) (born 1987), Danish professional tennis player
Merete Pedersen (born 1973), Danish football midfielder
Mette Pedersen (born 1973), Danish badminton player
Mia Bak Pedersen (born 1980), Danish football defender
Michael Pedersen, (born 1986), Danish cricketer
Mikael Pedersen (1855–1929), Danish inventor associated with the English town of Dursley
Monica Pedersen, American designer on the show "Designed to Sell"
Monika Pedersen, Danish singer of the band Sinphonia
Morten Gamst Pedersen (born 1981), Norwegian football player who currently plays for Blackburn Rovers
Morten Pedersen (born 1972), Norwegian soccer player, who played as defender
Nancy Pedersen, American genetic epidemiologist
Nicki Pedersen (born 1977), Danish motorcycle speedway rider
Nicklas Pedersen (born 1987), Danish professional football striker
Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen (1946–2005), Danish jazz bassist
Poul Lars Høgh Pedersen (1959–2021), Danish football goalkeeper
Odd Kvaal Pedersen (1935–1990), Norwegian journalist, author and translator
Olaf Pedersen (gymnast) (1884–1972), Danish gymnast
Olaf Pedersen (1920–1997), Danish historian of science
Oluf Pedersen (gymnast) (1878–1917), Danish gymnast
Ove Pedersen (born 1954), Danish football manager and a former player
Paul Pedersen (composer) (born 1935), Canadian composer
Paul Pedersen (gymnast) (1886–1948), Norwegian gymnast
Peder Larsen Pedersen (1880–1966), Danish gymnast
Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874–1941), Danish engineer and physicist
Peder Pedersen (disambiguation)
Per Pedersen (cyclist) (born 1964), Danish retired road bicycle racer
Per Pedersen (footballer) (born 1969), Danish former football (soccer) player
Peter Dorf Pedersen (1897–1967), Danish gymnast
Peter Pedersen (politician), (born 1954), Swedish Left Party politician
Poul Pedersen (1932–2016), Danish retired football (soccer) player
Ralf Pedersen (born 1973), Danish professional football defenderm
Randy Pedersen (born 1962), American professional bowler and color analyst for ESPN
Ray Pedersen, American artist and graphic designer
Red Pedersen (born 1935), former territorial level politician
Rolf Birger Pedersen (1939–2001), Norwegian footballer and football coach
Ronni Pedersen (born 1974), Danish motorcycle speedway rider
Rune Pedersen (born 1963), Norwegian referee in the 1990s
Rune Pedersen (footballer) (born 1979), Danish professional footballer
Søren Pedersen (born 1978), Danish professional football defender
Signe J. Pedersen (born 1982), Danish football midfielder
Sigurd Pedersen (1893–1968), Norwegian politician
Simon Azoulay Pedersen (born 1982), Danish professional football player
Snorre Pedersen (born 1972), Norwegian skeleton racer who competed from 1997 to 2005
Solveig Pedersen (born 1965), Norwegian cross country skier
Steinar Pedersen (born 1975), Norwegian football defender
Steinar Pedersen (politician) (born 1947), Norwegian politician
Steve Pedersen, American guitarist from Omaha, Nebraska
Susan Pedersen (historian), American historian currently working at Columbia University
Susan Pedersen (swimmer) (born 1953), American swimmer
Sverre Lunde Pedersen (born 1992), Norwegian speed skater
Terese Pedersen (born 1980), Norwegian handball goalkeeper
Terje Moland Pedersen (born 1952), Norwegian politician
Terje Pedersen (born 1943), Norwegian javelin thrower
Thomas Pedersen (disambiguation), several people
Thor Pedersen (born 1945), Danish politician
Thor Pedersen (rower) (1924–2008), Norwegian competition rower
Torben Mark Pedersen (born 1960), Danish economist and politician, founder of the political party Liberalisterne
Tore Pedersen (born 1969), Norwegian international football defender
Torny Pedersen (born 1946), Norwegian politician
Torsten Schack Pedersen (born 1976), Danish politician
Trond Pedersen (born 1951), Norwegian former football player and coach
Trond Jøran Pedersen (born 1958), Norwegian ski jumper
Trygve Pedersen (1884–1967), Norwegian sailor
Vilhelm Pedersen (1820–1859), Danish artist who illustrated the fairy tales of Hans Christian Andersen
Walter E. Pedersen (1911–1998), American politician
Willy Pedersen (born 1952), Norwegian sociologist
Pedersen as a middle or hyphenated name
Birger Møller-Pedersen, Norwegian computer scientist and Professor at the University of Oslo
Gustav Natvig-Pedersen (1893–1965), Norwegian politician
Hans Pedersen Herrefosser (born 1800), Norwegian politician
Jørgen Pedersen Gram (1850–1916), Danish actuary and mathematician
Johannes Pedersen Deichmann (born 1790), Norwegian politician
Karl Eirik Schjøtt-Pedersen (born 1959), Norwegian politician
Knut Pedersen Hamsun (1859–1952), Norwegian author who received the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1920
Maya Pedersen-Bieri (born 1972), Swiss skeleton racer
Michael Pedersen Friis (1857–1944), Danish Prime Minister (April 5, 1920 to May 5, 1920)
Morten Pedersen Porsild (1872–1956), Danish botanist who lived and worked in Greenland
Nils Pedersen Igland (1833–1898), Norwegian farmer and politician
Peder Johan Pedersen Holmesland (1833–1914), Norwegian politician
Rasmus Pedersen Thu (1864–1946), Norwegian photographer
Simon Pedersen Holmesland (1823–1895), Norwegian politician
Ulla Pedersen Tørnæs (born 1962), Danish politician and former Minister for Development Cooperation of Denmark
Other references
Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) is an international architectural design firm located in New York, London and Shanghai
.276 Pedersen, experimental 7 mm cartridge developed for the U.S. Army and used in the Pedersen rifle
3312 Pedersen (1984 SN), Main-belt Asteroid discovered in 1984
Pedersen bicycle, bicycle designed by Mikael Pedersen
Pedersen Device, attachment developed during World War I for the M1903 Springfield rifle that allowed it to fire a short 0.30 (7.62 mm) caliber intermediate cartridge in semi-automatic mode
Pedersen index, measure of electoral volatility in party systems
Pedersen rifle, United States semi-automatic rifle designed by John Pedersen
Pedersen's law, named after Danish linguist Holger Pedersen, is a Balto-Slavic accent law which states that the stress was retracted from stressed medial syllables in Balto-Slavic mobile paradigms
Pedersen v. Office of Personnel Management, United States lawsuit
See also
Pederson, surname
Petersen, surname
References
Danish-language surnames
Norwegian-language surnames
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names
fr:Pedersen |
5376901 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jind%C5%99ich%20Svoboda%20%28footballer%29 | Jindřich Svoboda (footballer) | Jindřich Svoboda (born 14 September 1952 in Adamov) is a Czech football player. He played for Czechoslovakia.
He was a participant at the 1980 Olympic Games, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal, thanks to his winning goal in the final match.
In his country he played mostly for Zbrojovka Brno.
References
Profile at ČMFS website
1952 births
Living people
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Footballers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers of Czechoslovakia
Olympic gold medalists for Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia international footballers
FC Zbrojovka Brno players
FC Fastav Zlín players
Olympic medalists in football
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Association football forwards
People from Adamov (Blansko District)
Sportspeople from the South Moravian Region |
5376907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Edward%20Briggs | George Edward Briggs | George Edward Briggs FRS (25 June 1893 – 7 February 1985) was Professor of Botany at the University of Cambridge.
He was born in Grimsby, Lincolnshire, the eldest son of Walker Thomas and Susan (née Townend) Briggs.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1935. He published several significant scientific papers on enzymes. Part of his work on enzymes was done with J. B. S. Haldane, and led to the derivation of Victor Henri's enzyme kinetics law and Michaelis–Menten kinetics via the steady state approximation. This derivation remains commonly used today because it provides better insight into the system, though it retains the algebraic form of the Michaelis-Menten equations.
Notable publications of Briggs include Movement of Water in Plants.
References
External links
Portrait of George Edward Briggs at the National Portrait Gallery in London, painted by Walter Stoneman
1893 births
1985 deaths
People from Grimsby
Fellows of the Royal Society
Professors of Botany (Cambridge) |
4041024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS%20Storstad | SS Storstad | Storstad was a steam cargo ship built in 1910 by Armstrong, Whitworth & Co Ltd of Newcastle for A. F. Klaveness & Co of Sandefjord, Norway. The ship was primarily employed as an ore and coal carrier doing tramp trade during her career. In May 1914 she collided with the ocean liner ; the liner sank, killing over 1,000 people.
Design and construction
Storstad was laid down at Armstrong, Whitworth & Co Low Walker shipyard in Newcastle and launched on 4 October 1910 (yard number 824). As the ship was being launched, she struck a nearby steamship SS Dardania from Trieste, and had her stern damaged. After successful completion of sea trials, during which the vessel was able to reach speed of , Storstad was handed over to her owners and fully commissioned in January 1911. To operate the vessel, she was transferred to a separate company, Aktieselskabet "Maritim", owned by A. F. Klaveness.
The ship was built on the Isherwood longitudinal framing principle, and at the time of her launch was the largest vessel to be constructed in this manner. The ship was specifically designed for coal and iron ore carriage, and had very large hatches built, with 10 powerful winches installed for quick cargo discharge. As built, the ship was long (between perpendiculars) and abeam, a mean draft of . Storstad was assessed at , and had deadweight tonnage of approximately 10,650. The vessel had a steel hull, and a single 447 nhp triple-expansion steam engine, with cylinders of , , and diameter with a stroke, that drove a single screw propeller, and moved the ship at up to .
Operational history
Upon delivery, Storstad departed on 31 January 1911 for her maiden voyage from Newcastle for Narvik and arrived there on 4 February. The vessel loaded 9,609 tons of iron ore and sailed for Philadelphia on 11 February reaching it on 7 March. At the time, this was the largest cargo of iron ore unloaded in Philadelphia from a single ship. Storstad then proceeded to Jacksonville where she took on 6,500 tons of phosphate rock on 17 March, then continued on to Savannah and loaded 8,071 bales of cotton and departed for Hamburg on 28 March. Upon return from Europe on 20 May 1911 the ship was chartered to transport iron ore and coal from Wabana and North Sydney to Montreal and other ports along St. Lawrence River through the end of navigational season in late November.
In November 1911 the vessel was chartered for one trip to South America by the Barber Line. Storstad left New York on 3 December 1911 and arrived in Buenos Aires on 30 December, after a call at Montevideo. She then continued on to Rosario and from there sailed out back to New York. Upon arrival, the vessel was chartered by the Lamport & Holt Line for one trip to Manchester. Storstad loaded general cargo, including 1,900 bales of cotton and some food supplies, including cottonseed oil, lard and bacon, and left New York on 21 April 1912. The ship arrived in Liverpool on 4 May and upon discharging her cargo, sailed back to North America to resume her iron ore and coal trade in Canada.
After the end of navigational season in December 1912, Storstad was chartered by Gans Steamship Line and sailed to Tampa Bay, loaded 3,213 tons of phosphate pebble and then sailed to Port Eads, arriving there on 20 December. The ship took on more cargo and then sailed for Antwerp arriving there on 22 January 1913. During her journey Storstad encountered some rough weather, and arrived in port with damage about her decks, including washed overboard portion of the deckload, and some deck equipment and covers. Her No. 5 hold was also full of water. The ship arrived in Philadelphia on 28 February with iron ore from Narvik and after unloading continued to Florida. Storstad loaded 5,600 tons of phosphate pebble on 19 March at Boca Grande, then continued to Galveston where she took on 13,097 bales of cotton and departed for Hamburg on 25 March. After finishing her European charter, the ship returned to her usual Canadian trade in May 1913.
Upon fulfillment of her summer obligations, Storstad arrived at Norfolk on 20 December 1913 to load a cargo of grain bound for Italy. The vessel left on 26 December for Genoa, which she reached on 16 January 1914. On her return journey, the ship sailed via Roses and Lisbon and arrived at Philadelphia on 5 March with a cargo of cork.
Upon unloading, Storstad sailed for Norfolk where she loaded 9,700 tons of coal plus 1,100 tons in bunkers and departed for Venice on 20 March. The vessel arrived in Italy on 10 April, and upon discharging her cargo departed for Sydney arriving there on 12 May 1914. The vessel was chartered by the Dominion Coal Company to transport coal between Sydney and Montreal for the duration of summer navigational season.
Collision with RMS Empress of Ireland
On 28 May 1914 at 16:27 , commanded by Captain Henry Kendall, departed from Quebec City with 1,057 passengers and 420 crew members on board bound for Liverpool. At around 01:30 on 29 May the liner, being just downstream of Rimouski came close to the shore to drop off her pilot near Father Point, and continued down the Saint Lawrence River. At the same time, Storstad who sailed from Sydney to Quebec loaded with about 10,400 tons of coal on 26 May, was a short distance away down the river on her way to pick up the pilot. At around 01:38 a lookout on Empress of Ireland observed a ship off the starboard side about six miles east. Captain Kendall ordered to alter the course slightly in order to pass the oncoming ship starboard to starboard. As the course was changed, a thick fog bank rolled in and the liner was ordered Full Astern and three short blasts were given indicating she was reversing. Storstad replied with one long whistle which appeared to be coming from the starboard side.
He then ordered Full Stop and gave two more blasts, informing the oncoming vessel that Empress of Ireland was dead in the water, Storstad, with First Officer Alfred Toftenes on duty, again responded with one long blast. The watch crew on Storstad initially observed the liner green light on their port side and assumed she would continue to hold her course and pass green-to-green. However, as the liner approached, the freighter's crew sighted the lights moving as if the oncoming ship was making a maneuver changing her course. First Officer Toftenes assumed the oncoming ship was trying to pass them red-to-red instead, and ordered a slight change of course to port and stopped the engines. Fearing the current would carry his ship into the liner's path he soon ordered the engines to be restarted.
Around 01:55 Empress of Ireland crew suddenly saw Storstad appear out of the fog, heading directly for them. Moments later, Storstad and Empress of Ireland collided at around a 40° angle, with the much sturdier Storstad tearing a roughly 16-ft. wide gash in the liner's starboard side between her funnels and immediately shutting down the liner's engines. Captain Kendall, hoping to use Storstad as a plug, directed the freighter by megaphone to keep going Full Ahead, but due to her onward momentum and the strong current, Empress of Ireland kept slowly moving forward, while Storstad started drifting sideways and backwards, and the two vessels soon separated. As the ships moved apart, the water gushed in at a rate of about 60,000 gallons per second, quickly filling the liner, whose watertight doors were not closed. Fourteen minutes later, Empress of Ireland sank to the riverbed, taking 1,012 people down with her.
Due to the rapidity of the sinking, only 7 lifeboats were lowered from the liner. Storstad stood by and assisted the survivors, lowering her own lifeboats and pulling 485 people from the ice cold waters of the river. Twenty of them later died from hypothermia on board the freighter. Another steamship, SS Lady Evelyn, came by later to help with the rescue and took the survivors to Rimouski. Storstad had her bow smashed in and twisted but managed to limp into the port of Montreal where she was detained.
The Canadian Pacific Railway, which owned Empress of Ireland, filed a $2,000,000 lawsuit for damages against A. F. Klaveness & Co, the owners of Storstad. A. F. Klaveness & Co. could not pay the $2,000,000, resulting in the Storstad itself being awarded to the CPR as recompense. The CPR sold the Storstad to Prudential Trust, an insurance company acting on behalf of A. F. Klaveness & Co., for $175,000.
Loss
On 8 March 1917 during World War I, Storstad was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean south west of the Fastnet Rock () by of the German Imperial Navy. Three crew members of Storstad were lost.
Notes
References
Bibliothèque et Archives du Canada, RG 12, Transport, vol. 1245, dossier « Empress of Ireland »
Dictionary of Disaster at Sea during the Age of Steam, page 667
Ship history, page 32, item 116
External links
Empress of Ireland
Norway-Heritage The Collision between the S/S Empress of Ireland and the S/S Storstad
Ships built on the River Tyne
1910 ships
World War I merchant ships of Norway
Maritime incidents in April 1914
Steamships of Norway
Merchant ships of Norway
Maritime incidents in 1917
Ships sunk by German submarines in World War I
Shipwrecks of Ireland
World War I shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
Ships built by Armstrong Whitworth |
4041034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%20a%20Car | In a Car | In a Car is the Meat Puppets' first recording. It was originally issued on L.A. art collective/record label World Imitation records as a 5-track 7" EP.
It was recorded in Silver Lake studio in Los Angeles on June 4, 1981, with Ed Barger (who had engineered several early Devo singles). It was recorded in about 12 hours. In a Car was first re-issued as a 7" on SST Records in 1985 after the success of their early LPs. The EP was also included on an SST compilation cassette (and later CD) "The 7 Inch Wonders of the World."
While the original EP contained only five tracks, six tracks were recorded at the session, including the song "Hair," written by fellow World Imitation band Monitor. It was released as a lone Meat Puppets track on the first Monitor LP on World Imitation records. It was not on any Meat Puppets release until Rykodisc issued the song as a bonus track (with the entire first EP and many outtakes) on the 1999 reissue of the first LP, Meat Puppets.
Critical reception
Trouser Press called the recording "shrieking thrash-punk and unrealized avant-guitar ambitions." Spin called it "tunefully abrasive."
Track listing
All songs written by Meat Puppets.
"In a Car" – 1:21
"Big House" – 1:07
"Dolphin Field" – 1:09
"Out in the Gardener" – 1:04
"Foreign Lawns" – 0:37
References
Meat Puppets albums
1981 EPs |
5376924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrik%20Fitzgerald | Patrik Fitzgerald | Patrik Fitzgerald (born Patrick Joseph Fitzgerald, 19 March 1956, Stratford, East London) is an English singer-songwriter and an originator of folk punk. The son of working-class Irish immigrant parents, he began recording and performing during the punk rock movement in 1977, after working briefly as an actor.
Early recordings
His early songs were generally short, sarcastic efforts, recorded with just an acoustic guitar and occasional studio effects, with lyrics containing a large amount of social comment. Fitzgerald was soon regarded as an original of his genre, somewhere between a punk-poet and an urban folksinger, and was lauded in some circles as "the new Bob Dylan". After starting out as a busker, he approached David Bowie's original manager, Ken Pitt, requesting his services; Pitt declined but an audition was set up with Noel Gay in 1975 who also turned Fitzgerald down.
In 1976 Fitzgerald auditioned, alongside Mick Jones and Tony James for the band London SS, again without success. After a spell acting in a communal theatre group (9 months in Stratford's The Soapbox Theatre), he drifted towards the developing Punk scene. He was a regular customer at the Small Wonder record shop in London, and when Small Wonder launched a record label Fitzgerald was one of the first to submit a demo – and got a deal, with the new label releasing his first three EPs, the first being Safety-Pin Stuck in My Heart, still his best-known work, and one which he subtitles "a love song for punk music". Patrik became a regular performer at London punk gigs, and supported The Jam on their national tour.
Polydor era
These early recordings attracted interest from Polydor Records who signed him up to record his first LP, Grubby Stories in 1979, recorded with established punk musicians including Robert Blamire of Penetration and John Maher of the Buzzcocks, produced by Peter Wilson. The LP contained 17 tracks, seven of them recorded with these musicians.
Two singles ("All Sewn Up" and "Improve Myself") were released by Polydor, either side of the album and Fitzgerald undertook a tour with a new group of musicians: Colin Peacock (guitar), Charlie Francis (bass) (later to join Toyah), and Rab Fae Beith on drums (later of The Wall and UK Subs).
Fitzgerald appeared in the post-punk documentary Rough Cut and Ready Dubbed in 1979/80 contributing the title song "Island of Lost Souls" and one performance of "Tonight" with Colin Peacock on keyboards.
Early 1980s
After being dropped by Polydor, he continued to play solo acoustic concerts, gradually forsaking the ironic, sarcastic mode for a more deeply etched, darker formulation.
Now without a manager, Fitzgerald returned again to acoustic solo performance, then releasing a single under the pseudonym Josef Garrett, then, using a borrowed Revox, he began recording a series of backing tapes to use in live performance. These recordings, based partly on the former group's unreleased material, with Patrik playing everything, were released in 1982 by Red Flame Records as his second album Gifts and Telegrams.
At this point, Patrik Fitzgerald formed a small group of solo performers, working under the banner Ghosts of Individuals, and featuring himself, David Harrow, U.V. Pop (Ultra Violent PØP), Kevin Hewick and Anne Clark (known for her solo albums on Red Flame). The forerunner of London's cabaret scene, the Ghosts, like Fitzgerald's
music, was aimed at, and appealed to London's loners .
In 1981, he released a five track 12-inch titled Tonight EP. This recording was credited to a trio, Patrik Fitzgerald Group, comprising Fitzgerald – credited with songs, guitars piano etc., Colin Peacock – credited with synthesizer and guitar, and Lester Broad – credited with saxophone. Engineer was given as abbey. This EP had three tracks on side one – "MR & MRS", "Animal Mentality" and "Tonight". Side two contained "A Superbeing" and "Waiting for the Final Cue".
Following this, in mid-1983, Patrik Fitzgerald formed a collusion with a peripheral musician from the Ghosts, clarinet player Alistair Roberts, and along with three more brass instruments players he recorded his next LP, Drifting Towards Violence. The music on it is mostly acoustic, accompanied by the gloomy sound of the brass section and hard-hitting lyrics. Released by the Belgian label Himalaya the record went completely unadvertised, and, consequently, sank without leaving a trace. The release was followed by a solo tour of Europe, where Fitzgerald has retained a loyal following.
Return in 1986
In 1986 he released Tunisian Twist, which introduced a radical change of style towards a more commercial sound. The album features a guitar/bass/drums/keyboards band, with a brass section; its sound is thus much fuller than Fitzgerald's previous work. The lyrics deal with subjects as diverse as terrorism, surrogate birth and trade unionism in the climate of Thatcher's "economic realism". While some of the songs are heavy with ironic humour in the manner of Patrik Fitzgerald's early days, there remains the biting incisiveness which has always been his hallmark.
In that year he also contributed a duo with Anne Clark to the compilation LP Abuse – Artists For Animals, dealing with the controversy of bullfights. In the absence of commercial success, Fitzgerald took a job as a waiter at the British House of Commons, before relocating to Normandy in 1988. However, he found himself disenchanted and unable to find gainful employment, and so returned to England three years later.
1990s and beyond
The early 1990s saw Fitzgerald return to playing gigs again, and he also re-launched an acting career, the most high-profile engagement of which was a version of Molière's The Miser at Stratford.
Seven years after his last release, 1993 saw the release of a new album on Red Flame, Treasures from the Wax Museum, a compilation of early 80s material, with four new tracks.
In 1995 he released Pillow Tension on the Greek label Lazy Dog and relocated to New Zealand. Beat Bedsit Records issued Room Service, a CD with new bedroom recordings, in 2001.
The album Floating Population (2006) was issued to coincide with a European tour with Attila the Stockbroker. It contains a few new songs and alternative versions/recordings of songs spanning his entire career.
Dark Side of the Room (2006) is a split CD with the band POG. It contains 12 tracks by Fitzgerald, mostly versions of old songs.
Spirit of Revolution (2007) is a split 7-inch single with punk poet Attila the Stockbroker. It contains 5 tracks including 2 new Patrik Fitzgerald recordings: The Next Revolution recorded live in Norway and Tired recorded in New Zealand and sent by email to Norway, where industrial classical musicians and the sound of rainfall were added and the track was mixed.
An early rough cut of film documentary called All the Years of Trying directed by Dom Shaw previewed on 6 March 2009 at the Kosmorama Film Festival in Trondheim, Norway. There was also a tribute concert organised on the same day as part of the festival, organised by Crispin Glover Records. The finished film, incorporating footage of the tribute gig as well as an excellent earlier gig at London's historic 12 Bar Club in Tin Pan Alley and Patrik's music video produced in New Zealand by Ken Clark, premiered at the Raindance Film Festival on 4 October 2009 and was shown at London's Whitechapel Art Gallery on 24 April 2010 as part of the East End Film Festival.
Discography
Albums
Grubby Stories (1979), Polydor
Gifts and Telegrams (1982), Red Flame
Drifting Towards Violence (1984), Himalaya
Tunisian Twist (1986), Red Flame
Pillow Tension (1995), Lazy Dog
Room Service (2001), Beat Bedsit
Floating Population (2006)
Dark Side of the Room (2006) – split with Pog
Subliminal Alienation (2012)
Compilations
Treasures from the Wax Museum (1993), Red Flame
Safety Pin Stuck in My Heart – The Very Best of Patrik Fitzgerald (1994), Anagram
Safety Pins, Secret Lives and the Paranoid Ward (The Best of 1977–1986) (2015), Cherry Red
Singles, EPs
Safety Pin Stuck in My Heart EP (1977), Small Wonder
The Backstreet Boys EP (1978), Small Wonder
The Paranoid Ward/The Bedroom Tapes 12-inch EP (1978), Small Wonder
The Paranoid Ward 7-inch EP (1978), Small Wonder
"All Sewn Up" (1979), Polydor
"Improve Myself" (1979), Polydor
Tonight EP (1980), Final Solution – UK Indie #24
"Without Sex/Pop Star, Pop Star" as Josef Garret (1981), Ellie Jay Records
"Personal Loss" (1982), Red Flame
Spirit of Revolution EP (2007) Crispin Glover Records – split with Attila the Stockbroker
No Santa Clauses 7-inch (2021) Crispin Glover Records - featuring Lemur
References
External links
Patrik Fitzgerald homepage
Patrik Fitzgerald's MySpace
Anonymousfilms.co.uk
Crispin Glover Records.com
The unknown soldier
Punk Poet Honoured
Raindance.co.uk
1956 births
Living people
Punk poets
English punk rock singers
English male singer-songwriters
People from Stratford, London |
4041043 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemospilia | Anemospilia | Anemospilia () is the archaeological site of an ancient Minoan temple on Crete.
Geography
The temple is located on the northern end of Mount Juktas. Modern Heraklion can be seen from the site. The site is in the country side near Arkhanes, about 7 kilometers from Knossos on the Island of Crete. It was on a hillside facing north towards the palace complexes of Knossos. Various factors made archaeologists conclude that it was a temple. The site is in the countryside, Anemospilia means 'caves of the wind'. It is in the foothills of Mount Juktas, the legendary burial place of Zeus.
Archaeology
Anemospilia was first excavated in 1979 by the Greek archaeologist Yannis Sakellarakis. The temple was destroyed by earthquake and fire around 1700 BC, about the same time as the destruction of the first palaces. The temple was found in a ruined state with stone walls only reaching hip height. Traces of ash and charcoal were found on the ground, and from this, one can postulate that the building was burnt down.
Finds excavated from Anemospilia are at the Heraklion Archaeological Museum.
The temple is set out with three chambers and one annex that leads into them, each chamber has something somewhat unusual about them inside it.
East chamber
In the east chamber, ruins of a stepped altar were found on the Southside of the room, and on it were many offerings. There were the remains of many vessels of pottery (pithoi) found on the floor, and traces of milk, honey, grains, and peas were found in the bottom of the jars. When the pottery vessels were reconstructed, the scene carved into some of the pottery shows a religious ritual.
Annex
In the annex, a body was found, whose bones were so smashed, especially the pelvic bones, that it was impossible for anyone to identify the gender of the body, showing that the corpse had a boulder or rock dropped onto it. Around the body were fragments of smashed pottery. The position of the body indicates that the person was running from the central chamber at the time of death.
Central chamber
In the central chamber, an altar of the south side of the room was found, made from the hewn rock of the sacred hillside. On it stood a pair of clay feet that had been the idol's base, as well as bits of burnt wood. The idol, or Xoanon (Greek for statue), would have been life-sized and predominantly made of wood, and the ash on the ground suggests that it was burned when the temple was. At the base of the altar were found the remains of more than 400 pottery vessels. Close to the Xoanon there was a mound, a piece of hillside rock, a symbol of the earth, which, along with the sea and the sky, the Minoans considered to be the eternal elements of the world. The sacred stone had been an important part in rituals, for over it libations were poured to the deity.
Western chamber
In the western chamber, two skeletons were found on the floor, one in the south west corner of the room This body was of a 28-year-old female. She could have been a high priestess of some sort.
The other skeleton was that of a male, he was aged in his late thirties, and 183 cm (6 ft.) tall, and powerfully built, he was lying on his back with his hands covering his face, as if to protect it. The tall man had a ring made of iron and silver on the little finger of his left hand and on his wrist was an engraved seal of “exceptional artistic merit”, this would have obviously been very valuable. His legs were broken and his body was found near the centre of the room next to a platform, at the base of the platform was a trough.
On top of the platform another body was found. This was a body of an 18-year-old male; he was found in the foetal position, lying on his right side. His legs were forced back so that his heels were almost touching his thigh, indicating that they were tied there. Amongst the bones was found an ornately engraved knife, it was 40 cm (16 in.) long and weighing more than 400g (14 oz.). Each side of the blade had an incised rendering of an animal head, the snout and tusks of a boar, ears like butterfly wings and slanted eyes like a fox.
Debate over human sacrifice
Although many still believe that there is substantial evidence for the site being used for the sacrificing of humans, some archaeologists follow the thinking of Dennis Hughes, who points out that the "knife" is actually much more like an ornate spear head that probably fell from the shelves above onto the body, and that there is no evidence at all for the platform that he lies on being an altar. According to Professor J. Leslie Fritton, in her book "Minoans" (pp. 104–5): "The evidence from Anemospilia seems clearly to indicate a human sacrifice, and modern unwillingness to suggest such practices must be left to one side."
References
Swindale, Ian "Anemospilia" Retrieved 11 February 2006
Further reading
Sakellarakis, J. and E. Crete, Archanes (Guidebook)
Sakellarakis, Yannis and Efi Sarpouna-Sakellaraki. Archanes: Minoan Crete in a New Light, Volume I. Ammos Publications, 1994.
Myers, J. W., Myers, E. E. and Cadogan, G. "Archanes-Anemospilia" The Aerial Atlas of Ancient Crete
Hughes, D.D., Human Sacrifice in Ancient Greece (Routeledge, 1991)
Steel, Luise, Time, Tradition, and Society in Greek Archaeology: Bridging the 'Great Divide''' (ed. Nigel Spencer), first publ. Routledge 1995,
Dickinson, Oliver, The Aegean Bronze Age'', Cambridge University Press, 1994,
External links
http://www.minoancrete.com/anemospilia.htm
Heraklion (regional unit)
Minoan sites in Crete
Temples in Greece |
4041056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kestros%20%28weapon%29 | Kestros (weapon) | A kestros () or kestrophendone (), respectively Latinized as cestrus or cestrosphendone, is a specially designed sling that is used to throw a heavy dart.
The dart would typically consist of a heavy metal point approximately long, attached to a shaft of wood, typically long, and fletched with feathers or similar materials to provide stability of flight.
History
The kestros is mentioned in the writings of Livy and Polybius. It seems to have been invented around 168 BC. and was employed by some of the Macedonian troops of king Perseus of Macedon during the Third Macedonian war. The description is quite confusing:
The exact construction of the kestrosphendone remains somewhat mysterious. However, experimental reconstructions based on the available information have resulted in quite spectacular results. Nonetheless, the kestrosphendone did not stand the test of time and seems to have been abandoned quite quickly. The fundamental purpose of this weapon seems to have been to develop a sling shot with the penetrative power of a point. If so, then a lighter version of this weapon, the plumbata, persisted into late antiquity. In this weapon, the wooden shaft gave nearly the same mechanical advantage as a sling. In effect, each sling bolt came with a one-time sling.
Another way of obtaining a one time sling was to fix a string to a slingstone made of lead. There is evidence for this variation at the Battle of Fucine Lake in 89 BC.
References
Throwing weapons
Projectile weapons
Ancient weapons
Ancient Greek military terminology
Ancient Greek military equipment |
4041062 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98erban%20Ciochin%C4%83 | Șerban Ciochină | Șerban Ciochină (born November 30, 1939 in Bucharest) is a retired Romanian triple jump athlete. He achieved 5th place at the 1964 Summer Olympics, and won the Romanian triple jump championship six years in a row from 1963 to 1968. He was also European Champion in Dortmund, Germany in 1966.
References
Şerban Ciochină
1939 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Bucharest
Romanian male triple jumpers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of Romania |
5376926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Lawrence | Alan Lawrence | Alan Lawrence (born 19 August 1962 in Edinburgh), fondly known as "Nipper", is a Scottish former footballer, best known for his time spent with Airdrieonians and Heart of Midlothian in the early and mid-1990s. He also worked as a coach with Airdrie United in the Scottish First and Second Divisions.
Early career
Lawrence made his senior debut with local club Meadowbank Thistle. Having found a foothold in the professional game as a diminutive, nippy striker, he was soon on the way up, signing for Dundee late in the 1986–87 season. Further goalscoring exploits there saw him move to Airdrieonians two years later, where although being used chiefly as a forward, he would also be deployed as a winger. Lawrence's consistent performances in an era when Airdrie reached a Scottish Cup Final in 1992, and subsequently made their only foray into European football in their history the following season, cemented his place as a legend with the Airdrie faithful. In all, 'Nipper' would go on to make over 200 appearances for the Diamonds, scoring over 50 goals, culminating in a second Scottish Cup final appearance in 1995, again ending in defeat.
To Hearts and back
Further success at Airdrie saw Lawrence signed by Hearts in summer 1995. Only a year later however, after 34 appearances and 7 goals (plus a third losing Scottish Cup Final appearance) he was on his way back to Airdrie, where he spent another year and a half. In December 1997, he was released to Partick Thistle, scoring three goals in seventeen league appearances. His short tenure at Firhill ended when he signed for Third Division side Stenhousemuir in the summer of 1998.
Stenhousemuir 1998–2000
Alan's two years with "The Warriors" are fondly remembered. He burst onto the scene at Ochilview with a hatful of crucial goals, most notably a hat-trick in a 5–1 trouncing of Albion Rovers, as the club chased promotion. It was in mid-season however, with a surplus of strikers and shortages elsewhere in the squad, that Nipper was moved to right-back, where it was thought his experience of playing as a winger would benefit the team. He did not disappoint, turning in solid performances week in, week out, including a Scottish Cup tie against Rangers in January 1999, in which the team performed admirably. The move to defence didn't dampen his appetite for goals either, and he chipped in with some vital strikes in the club's hunt for promotion. Indeed, his last minute volley to win at Montrose late in the season set the tone for Stenhousemuir's promotion just a matter of weeks later, the first in the club's history.
His second season at Ochilview was tougher, as it was for all involved with the club, as the inevitable battle to stave off relegation ensued. Stenhousemuir would survive that season, but despite this, his close relationship with the fans, and his desire to stay, Alan departed in August 2000 following an alleged difference of opinion with the club's board of directors.
Late playing career and coaching
Over the next few years, Lawrence acted as player-coach at Cowdenbeath. He rejoined Airdrie in 2002, but made no appearances. He also spent two years with Arbroath, playing three games.
In 2006, Lawrence coached junior side Bathgate Thistle to the final of the OVD Scottish Junior Cup, where they were narrowly defeated by Auchinleck Talbot. Bathgate and Lawrence eventually got their hands on the trophy in 2008, beating Cumnock in the final.
Personal life
Lawrence made an appearance in the Scottish football film A Shot at Glory in 2000, alongside The Godfather star Robert Duvall, as well as Michael Keaton and Ally McCoist.
After being at Airdrie United for several years as assistant coach, in June 2012 Lawrence left the club citing "work commitments". However it was later reported that he had resigned from being a postman and was under investigation by The Royal Mail for mail theft. In February 2014, having pleaded guilty to the offence, he was sentenced to 100 hours of unpaid work.
Honours
Airdrieonians
Scottish Challenge Cup: 1994–95
See also
List of footballers in Scotland by number of league appearances (500+)
References
1962 births
Living people
Footballers from Edinburgh
Scottish footballers
Airdrieonians F.C. (1878) players
Dundee F.C. players
Heart of Midlothian F.C. players
Partick Thistle F.C. players
Stenhousemuir F.C. players
Cowdenbeath F.C. players
Arbroath F.C. players
Airdrieonians F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
Association football forwards
Association football wingers
British people convicted of theft
21st-century Scottish criminals
Sportspeople convicted of crimes |
5376931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Casey | George Casey | George Casey may refer to:
George W. Casey Sr. (1922–1970), U.S. Army general
George W. Casey Jr. (born 1948), Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army, and the son of the above
George Elliott Casey (1850–1903), Canadian journalist and politician
See also
Casey (disambiguation)
George (disambiguation) |
4041064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cube%20house | Cube house | Cube houses () are a set of innovative houses built in Helmond and Rotterdam in the Netherlands, designed by architect Piet Blom and based on the concept of "living as an urban roof": high density housing with sufficient space on the ground level, since its main purpose is to optimise the space inside. Blom tilted the cube of a conventional house corner upwards, and rested it upon a hexagon-shaped pylon. His design represents a village within a city, where each house represents a tree, and all the houses together, a forest. The central idea of the cube houses around the world is mainly optimizing the space, as a house, to a better distribution of the rooms inside.
Helmond
In 1972 Piet Blom was assigned to fill in an empty site in the city center of Helmond, with a meeting center. Blom proposed a plan that intertwined the special with the ordinary, cultural facilities with houses, a theater amidst 188 houses. After the underground parking garage was taken out of the plans, the forest was reduced to 60 houses. But the city council wasn't convinced. Then Minister Hans Gruijters, born in Helmond, subsidised the building of 3 test houses in the Wilhelminalaan in 1974. The project also received the national status of 'Experimental Housing', which helped to realise Theater 't Speelhuis () with a forecourt surrounded by 18 cube houses, at the Piet Blomplein, in 1977. The theatre burned down on December 29, 2011. The two damaged cube houses were restored in 2013/2014.
Rotterdam
The houses in Rotterdam are located on Overblaak Street, right above the Blaak metro station. The 1977 original plan showed 55 houses, but not all of them were built. There are 38 small cubes and two so called 'super-cubes', all attached to each other.
As residents are disturbed so often by curious passers-by, one owner decided to open a "show cube", which is furnished as a normal house, and is making a living out of offering tours to visitors.
The houses contain three floors:
ground floor entrance
first floor with living room and open kitchen
second floor with two bedrooms and bathroom
top floor which is sometimes used as a small garden
The walls and windows are angled at 54.7 degrees. The total area of the apartment is around , but around a quarter of the space is unusable because of the walls that are under the angled ceilings.
In 2006, a museum of chess pieces was opened under the houses.
In 2009, the larger cubes were converted by Personal Architecture into a hostel run by Dutch hostel chain Stayokay.
In 2019, the Art cube opened at Overblaak 30. The Art cube is a place where art and architecture come together. With the original living layout intact, this cube house forms the backdrop for the work of various local artists.
Toronto
In 1996 a cluster of three cubes was built along Eastern Avenue Architect Ben Kutner and partner Jeff Brown were inspired by the original cube houses and had planned to replicate the Rotterdam design on unusable patches of land. However, only three individual houses were built. In 2018, the land was sold for redevelopment with hopes the structures themselves could be saved and moved elsewhere. In 2021, an application was submitted to the city to redevelop into a "35-storey mixed-use building atop a podium element".
References
External links
Cubic houses Rotterdam
Buildings and structures in Rotterdam
House styles
Tourist attractions in Rotterdam
Hostels
nl:Kubuswoningen (Rotterdam) |
4041067 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diba | Diba | Diba may refer to:
Textiles
Diba, a fabric, damascened silk brocade
Diba, a pointed hat of the Kabiri of New Guinea
Places
Diba, a neighborhood in Plumtree, Zimbabwe
Abu Dhiba, a village in western Saudi Arabia
Ra's Diba, a cape in United Arab Emirates
People
Diba (surname)
Diba Chandra Hrangkhawl, politician from Tripura, India
See also
Dibba |
5376932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Wragg%20Brian | Percy Wragg Brian | Percy Wragg Brian FRS FRSE CBE (5 September 1910 – 17 August 1979) was a British botanist and mycologist. He was critical to the development of plant pathology and natural antibiotics such as Gibberellin and Griseofulvin.
Life
He was born in Hall Green, Yardley to Percy Brian (1881–1945), a schoolteacher from Macclesfield and his wife Adelaide Wragg. His early education was at King Edward's School, Birmingham. He graduated from King's College, Cambridge in 1931. He was awarded a PhD in 1936 and DSc in 1951, and he was elected a Fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge in 1968.
His first employment was as Assistant Mycologist at Long Ashton Research Station where he worked from 1934 to 1936. In 1936 he began at ICI's facility at Jealott's Hill before moving in the late 1930s to their Butterwick Research Laboratories (later renamed Akers) as Mycologist and in 1946 was promoted to Head of Microbiology. He served in this role for ICI until 1961 and spent his final two years with them as Associate Research Manager. During this period, in 1962, he was on a team which discovered new antibiotics produced by fungi.
He was appointed to the Regius Chair of Botany at University of Glasgow in 1962, leaving six years later to become Head of the Cambridge Botany School.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1958. In 1964 he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
He was President of the British Mycological Society in 1959 and 1965; President of the Association of Applied Biologists in 1961; and President of the Society of General Microbiology from 1965 to 1968.
Family
He married twice, firstly to Iris Hunt in 1934 (dissolved) secondly to Meg Gilling in 1948. His younger brother, Michael Vaughan Brian (1919–1990), was an entomologist, specialising in ants.
References
1910 births
1979 deaths
Scientists from Birmingham, West Midlands
Fellows of the Royal Society
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
Fellows of Queens' College, Cambridge
20th-century British botanists
Professors of Botany (Cambridge) |
5376955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canons%20Regular%20of%20the%20Immaculate%20Conception | Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception | The Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception () are a Catholic religious order for men founded in France in 1871. They follow the Augustinian Rule and are part of the Order of Canons Regular of St. Augustine. They add the nominal initials of C.R.I.C. after their names to indicate their membership in the congregation.
History
Adrien Gréa was born on February 18, 1828, and studied law at L’École des Chartes in Paris, where he became friends with Frederic Ozanam, the founder of the Society of St. Vincent de Paul. He later took a doctorate in theology at the Sapientia University, and was ordained to the sacred priesthood on September 20, 1856.
The congregation was founded at Saint-Claude, in the Department of Jura, by Adrien Gréa, then a secular priest and Vicar General of the Diocese of St.-Claude, a position he had accepted in 1863 at the bishop's urging, despite his feeling of being called to life in a religious community.
Through his position of authority in the diocese, Gréa came to see many of the troubles experienced in the lives of its clergy. He came to attribute much of the problem to the isolation of their lives, even when sharing a rectory. Having studied Church history while preparing for his ordination as a priest, he felt that a solution could be found in the communal lives of the canons regular, who combine a monastic way of life with the pastoral care of the secular clergy. He then determined to commit himself to that way of life.
Together with two companions who wished to join him in this form of life, Gréa settled in a small house where they began to follow the traditional monastic practices of the canonical life, rising at midnight to start the day's cycle of the Liturgy of the Hours on 21 November 1865 as well as the traditional fastings and abstinence. They took their first religious vows on the first anniversary of the inauguration, and together with two other canons, perpetual vows on 8 September 1871, made to the Bishop of Saint-Claude, who simultaneously gave them official approval as a religious community. The new congregation received the papal Decretum laudis only five years later from Pope Pius IX, who also gave the congregation its name. He and his successor, Pope Leo XIII, were to give their formal approval of the congregation in three different rescripts (1870, 1876 and 1887).
The canons took their first step toward the life they had envisioned in December 1880, when the bishop gave them the charge of a parish in the small town of Lescheres. They quickly organized the life of the parish, educating the children and starting a choir which would provide music for the daily Vespers services of the canonical community. This situation did not last long, for they were expelled from the town when the authorities of the anti-clerical national government learned of their presence there.
In 1890 the Canons were given the ancient Abbey of St. Antony, Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye, in the Department of Isère, leaving their original home. In 1896, Pope Leo, recognizing the growth of the congregation, raised Gréa from the rank of prior to that of abbot. He received the formal abbatial blessing on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception (8 December) of that same year.
The motherhouse of the congregation was maintained at Saint-Antoine from 1890 until 1903, when, following the anti-clerical laws passed by the French government in 1901 and the persecution of the Church which resulted from them, the community was transferred to Andora, in the Italian region of Liguria, and then near the Gianicolo in Rome in 1922, where it remains today, and where the Superior General resides.
The congregation is international, having houses in France, Italy, Peru (where a mission was established in 1905), England (where the community has been present since 1932), Brazil, the United States, and Canada, the first mission of the congregation, established in 1891 at Nomingue in Ottawa and at St. Boniface, Manitoba. There were four establishments in the Diocese of Ottawa, six in that of St. Boniface, two in Saskatchewan and one in Prince Albert, a community was composed of eight priests and major clerics, and of about as many scholastics, postulants and lay brothers. The priests have been successfully employed in colonization and the education of youth.
The Congregation of the Immaculate Conception, together with eight other congregations of Canons Regular make up the Confederation of Canons Regular of St. Augustine.
The current Superior General, Dom Rinaldo Guarisco CRIC, was elected at the 2018 General Chapter.
In England, the Congregation has charge of the parish of Our Lady of Charity and St Augustine Daventry in Northampton Diocese. In the United States the community has charge of St Sebastian's and Our Lady of Guadalupe parishes and a house of formation in Santa Paula, California, in the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. The house in California faced allegations of intimidation and abuse in June 2022.
References
Sources
External links
Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception USA website
Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception Italian website
Immaculate
Religious organizations established in 1871
Catholic religious institutes established in the 19th century
1871 establishments in France |
4041070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four%20Pests%20campaign | Four Pests campaign | The Four Pests campaign (), was one of the first actions taken in the Great Leap Forward in China from 1958 to 1962. The four pests to be eliminated were rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows. The extermination of sparrows is also known as the smash sparrows campaign () or eliminate sparrows campaign (), which resulted in severe ecological imbalance, being one of the causes of the Great Chinese Famine. In 1960, the campaign against sparrows was ended and redirected to bed bugs.
Campaign
The "Four Pests" campaign was introduced in 1958 as a hygiene campaign aimed to eradicate the pests responsible for the transmission of pestilence and disease:
the mosquitos responsible for malaria
the rodents that spread the plague
the pervasive airborne flies
the sparrows—specifically the Eurasian tree sparrow—which ate grain seed and fruit
Sparrows
Sparrows were suspected of consuming approximately four kilogrammes of grain per sparrow per year. Sparrow nests were destroyed, eggs were broken, and chicks were killed. Millions of people organized into groups, and hit noisy pots and pans to prevent sparrows from resting in their nests, with the goal of causing them to drop dead from exhaustion. In addition to these tactics, citizens also simply shot the birds down from the sky. The campaign depleted the sparrow population, pushing it to near extinction.
Some sparrows found a refuge in the extraterritorial premises of various diplomatic missions in China. The personnel of the Polish embassy in Beijing denied the Chinese request of entering the premises of the embassy to scare away the sparrows who were hiding there and as a result the embassy was surrounded by people with drums. After two days of constant drumming, the Poles had to use shovels to clear the embassy of dead sparrows.
Effects
By April 1960, Chinese leaders changed their opinion in part due to the influence of ornithologist Tso-hsin Cheng who pointed out that sparrows ate a large number of insects, as well as grains. While the campaign was meant to increase yields, concurrent droughts and floods as well as the lacking sparrow population decreased rice yields. In the same month, Mao Zedong ordered the campaign against sparrows to end. Sparrows were replaced with bed bugs, as the extermination of sparrows had upset the ecological balance, which subsequently resulted in surging locust and insect populations that destroyed crops due to a lack of a natural predator.
With no sparrows to eat them, locust populations ballooned, swarming the country and compounding the ecological problems already caused by the Great Leap Forward, including widespread deforestation and misuse of poisons and pesticides. Ecological imbalance is credited with exacerbating the Great Chinese Famine. The Chinese government eventually resorted to importing 250,000 sparrows from the Soviet Union to replenish their population.
See also
Emu War
Tax on trees
List of campaigns of the Communist Party of China
References
External links
PBS series The People's Century – 1949: The Great Leap
China follows Mao with mass cull (BBC)
Catastrophic Miscaculations
1958 in China
1962 in China
1958 in the environment
Campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party
Environmental disasters in China
Great Leap Forward
Pest control campaigns |
5376959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monin%E2%80%93Obukhov%20length | Monin–Obukhov length | The Obukhov length is used to describe the effects of buoyancy on turbulent flows, particularly in the lower tenth of the atmospheric boundary layer. It was first defined by Alexander Obukhov in 1946. It is also known as the Monin–Obukhov length because of its important role in the similarity theory developed by Monin and Obukhov. A simple definition of the Monin-Obukhov length is that height at which turbulence is generated more by buoyancy than by wind shear.
The Obukhov length is defined by
where is the frictional velocity, is the mean virtual potential temperature, is the surface virtual potential temperature flux, k is the von Kármán constant. The virtual potential temperature flux is given by
where is potential temperature, is absolute temperature and is specific humidity.
By this definition, is usually negative in the daytime since is typically positive during the daytime over land, positive at night when is typically negative, and becomes infinite at dawn and dusk when passes through zero.
A physical interpretation of is given by the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory. During the day is the height at which the buoyant production of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) is equal to that produced by the shearing action of the wind (shear production of TKE).
References
Atmospheric dispersion modeling
Boundary layer meteorology
Fluid dynamics
Buoyancy
Meteorology in the Soviet Union
Microscale meteorology |
4041075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upland%20Brewing%20Company | Upland Brewing Company | Upland Brewing Company is a brewery in Bloomington, Indiana, United States. Founded in 1997, it is the third largest brewery in the state, with six locations across central Indiana, and makes over 80 beers a year, including ales, lagers, and sour beers.
History
Upland Brewing Company was founded in 1997 by Marc Sattinger, Russ Levitt and Dean LaPlante. The brewery takes its name from the Indiana Uplands, a geographic region of southern Indiana, with Bloomington being near their northern terminus. In 1998, distribution of bottles and kegs began and the brewpub opened its doors. The first beers on tap were the Wheat Ale, Pale Ale, and Bad Elmer's Porter. The brewpub began serving food the following year. Growing to be a Central Indiana staple, by 2004 its distribution had reached all 92 counties of Indiana. In 2006, ownership changed hands to a group of local investors remains 100% family owned. By 2010, distribution had expanded to include ales and lagers throughout Indiana and in parts of Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, and Wisconsin with small batch sour ales selling only through its tap room. In 2016, Upland began limited distribution nationally after adding a wood-aged sour beer production facility and is currently distributing in 20+ markets across the country.
In 2009 a 2nd location known as the Indy Tasting Room opened in Indianapolis in the Meridian-Kessler/south Broad Ripple neighborhood. In 2012, a new brewing facility and bar was opened on the west side of Bloomington. This 37,000 square foot facility became the primary brewing facility for Upland, encompassing their everyday and seasonal lineup. The old brewery on 11th Street was scaled down to become a research and development site for Upland's growing Belgian-style sour and wild ale program. Also in 2012, Upland obtained the rights to Champagne Velvet, a pre-prohibition pilsener originally made by Terre Haute Brewing Co in 1902, and began brewing and distributing the classic brew under the Upland name. In 2013, Upland expanded further north with the addition of the Carmel Tap House, their second site to serve food. In the summer of 2016, Upland opened a new restaurant location in Columbus. It is fixed in the old Columbus Pump House building downtown, giving it the name "The Pump House". Later that same year, Upland opened The Wood Shop to serve as the home for their sour ale production, located next door to the Bloomington Brewpub. The Indy Tasting Room was renovated in 2018 and in 2019 saw a restaurant added on. The expanded space became known as 'Upland College Ave' due to its location at 49th & College Avenue. Upland's seventh location and fifth restaurant is set to open in mid-2019 in the Fountain Square neighborhood and will be known as 'Upland FSQ'.
Sours
Upland Brewing has been a sour producer for over 10 years. After trading a few cases of beer for a few wine barrels from Oliver Winery in 2006, they began their exploration into sour brewing. The Wood Shop, a brewery and taproom dedicated to sour ales, was opened in 2016.
Sour Wild Funk Fest is Upland's annual festival which takes place in Indianapolis every spring. Featuring approximately 50 breweries from across the world. Since 2017 the festival has been held at the Mavris Arts & Event Center.
Beers
Upland Brewing Company has a year-round lineup of beers as well as several limited and seasonal releases.
Everyday beers include:
Upland Wheat Ale
Dragonfly India Pale Ale
Champagne Velvet Pre-Prohibition Pilsener
Bad Elmer's Porter
Campside Pale Ale
Juiced in Time Hazy IPA
Hard Seltzer:
Naked Barrel Cherry Lime
Naked Barrel Grapefruit Hibiscus
Naked Barrel Tangerine
Seasonal brews include:
Petal To The Kettle Sour Ale
Two of Tarts Gose
Modern Tart Kettle Sour Ale
Tropical Vortex Southern Hemisphere IPA
Patio Cat Hazy Guava Summer Ale
Oktoberfest
Teddy Bear Kisses Variants
Teddy Bear Kisses Russian Imperial Stout
Limited releases include:
Syrupticious
Breaking Away
Juiced My Style Imperial IPA
Coastbuster Imperial IPA
Sound Bite Juicy Pale Ale
Barrel Chested Barleywine
See also
Beer in the United States
List of breweries in Indiana
References
Companies based in Indiana
Beer brewing companies based in Indiana
1997 establishments in Indiana
American companies established in 1997
Bloomington, Indiana |
5376960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sordes | Sordes | Sordes was a small pterosaur from the late Jurassic (Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian) Karabastau Svita of Kazakhstan.
This genus was named in 1971 by Aleksandr Grigorevich Sharov. The type species is Sordes pilosus. The genus name is Latin for "filth" or "scum"; but Sharov translates it as "", which means "devil" or "evil spirit", so the intended translation is "hairy devil" (the specific name is Latin for "hairy"; despite sordes being feminine, it has not yet been amended to pilosa).
Discovery
Sordes is based on the holotype PIN 2585/3, which consists of a crushed relatively complete skeleton on a slab. It was found in the 1960s at the foothills of the Karatau in Kazakhstan.
Sharov had already referred a paratype or second specimen: PIN 2470/1, again a fairly complete skeleton on a slab. By 2003 another six specimens had been discovered.
Description
Sordes had a 0.63 m (2 ft) wingspan. The wings were relatively short. Sordes had, according to Sharov and Unwin, wing membranes attached to the legs and a membrane between the legs. It had a short neck. It had a long tail, accounting for over half its length, with at the end an elongated vane.
Skull and dentition
It had a slender, not round, head with moderately long, pointed jaws. The skull was about 8 cm (3.2 in) long. Unlike many pterosaurs, it had no head crest. The teeth in the frontal half of the jaws are large and pointed to facilitate prey capture. The teeth beyond these in the rear half of the jaw are much smaller and more numerous than those at the front, suggesting that they were more for crushing. Together these two types of teeth indicate specialisation for prey that was difficult to catch yet required some effort to eat. Likely contenders are invertebrates with tougher exoskeletons, or amphibians that were slippery to catch and then required some crunching before they could be swallowed.
Pycnofibers
The fossil shows remains of the soft parts, such as membranes and hair-like filaments. This was the first unequivocal proof that pterosaurs had a layer of hair-like filaments covering their bodies, later named pycnofibres. The pycnofibres served as insulation, an indication the group was warm-blooded, and provided a streamlined flight profile. The pycnofibres are present in two main types: longer at the extreme part of the wing membrane and shorter near the body. In the 1990s, David Unwin argued that both types were essentially not hairs but reinforcing fibres of the flight membranes. Later he emphasized that "hair" in the form of pycnofibres was indeed present on the body, after the find of new specimens clearly showing this.
Classification
Sordes has been assigned to the family Rhamphorhynchidae. These were among the earliest of the pterosaurs, evolving in the late Triassic and surviving to the late Jurassic. According to Unwin, within Rhamphorhynchidae Sordes belonged to the Scaphognathinae. Other researchers however, such as Alexander Kellner and Lü Junchang, have produced cladistic analyses showing that Sordes was much more basal, and not a rhamphorhynchid.
See also
List of pterosaur genera
Timeline of pterosaur research
References
External links
Artistic reconstruction of a Sordes pilosus at the Fossilsmith Studios
A fossil of a Sordes at paleo.ru
Article and picture of Sordes
Late Jurassic pterosaurs of Asia
Novialoids
Taxa named by Aleksandr Grigorevich Sharov
Fossil taxa described in 1971 |
5376963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy%20Hillary%20Boob | Jeremy Hillary Boob | Jeremy Hillary Boob, Ph.D. is a fictional character appearing in the 1968 animated film Yellow Submarine, voiced by comedian Dick Emery. The character was conceived as a parody of public intellectuals and polymaths such as Southern Methodist University professor Jeremy duQuesnay Adams and theatrical director and physician Jonathan Miller. Inspiration for overall appearance and voice was also taken from Maharishi Mahesh Yogi.
Fictional character biography
In the film Yellow Submarine, the Beatles, on their way to save the fictitious region of Pepperland from the Blue Meanies, encounter Jeremy, a strange little brown-furred being with a blue face, pink ears and a fluffy, rabbit-like tail. He has an extremely eccentric and flamboyant personality. He lives in the Sea of Nothing, also known as Nowhere Land, and speaks mostly in rhyme. He describes himself as an "eminent physicist, polyglot classicist, prize-winning botanist, hard-biting satirist, talented pianist, good dentist too.” Jeremy also owns a mysterious purple and green object that can turn from a typewriter to a tree, to an easel, a piano, and numerous other things. He spends the vast majority of his time frenetically creating art, using the various transformations of the object. He is seen carving stone, editing a nearly finished book, composing piano music, and painting in rapid succession. He also reviews his own works but states "it's (his own) policy to never read them".
The band realizes that one of their songs sums Jeremy up well and they sing "Nowhere Man" about him as he cavorts with their magic. However, he soon becomes sad when he realizes they are going to leave. Feeling sorry for him, Ringo Starr offers to take him with them and he gratefully accepts.
Later, the Submarine breaks down, and Jeremy helps fix one of the propellers. This makes the Submarine almost too efficient, and it speeds off without them. Jeremy is later kidnapped by the Blue Meanies in the Sea of Holes, and is eventually found in Pepperland, hanging by the leg to the branch of a tree. When Ringo cuts him down, he then helps The Beatles to defeat the Meanies by covering the Chief Blue Meanie with flowers, thereby proving that a Nobody can in fact, be somebody.
Jeremy Hillary Boob also appears in the music video for "Glass Onion", released for the 50th anniversary of the album The Beatles (commonly known as "the White Album").
Creation
Jeremy Hillary Boob was originally named Jeremy Y. du Q. Adams, after Southern Methodist University professor Jeremy duQuesnay Adams. The character of Jeremy was intended as a parody of public intellectuals and polymaths, most notably theatrical director and physician Jonathan Miller, with whom story writer Lee Minoff had previously worked. He is also alleged to have been inspired by Cambridge poet J.H. Prynne.
References
External links
Film characters introduced in 1968
Fictional poets
Fictional dentists
Fictional mammals
The Beatles' Yellow Submarine |
5376968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostislav%20V%C3%A1clav%C3%AD%C4%8Dek | Rostislav Václavíček | Rostislav Václavíček (7 December 1946 – 7 August 2022) was a Czech footballer played as a defender. He was a participant in the 1980 Olympic Games, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal.
In his country he played for Zbrojovka Brno, scoring 13 league goals in 289 games. He still holds the Czechoslovak and Czech league record playing 280 league matches in row.
References
External links
1946 births
2022 deaths
Sportspeople from Prostějov
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Association football defenders
Footballers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers of Czechoslovakia
Olympic gold medalists for Czechoslovakia
FC Zbrojovka Brno players
Olympic medalists in football
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
1. SK Prostějov players |
5376977 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio%20Elizondo | Horacio Elizondo | Horacio Marcelo Elizondo (born November 4, 1963 in Don Bosco, district of Quilmes) is an Argentine former international football referee best known for his officiation throughout the 2006 FIFA World Cup. Having achieved all his goals in refereeing, Elizondo retired after the December 10 match between Boca Juniors and Lanús, 2 years before the compulsory retirement age of 45.
Career
Elizondo completed studies in physical education, and started refereeing after finishing the AFA course. His debut in the Argentine first division was in the Deportivo Español vs. Belgrano de Córdoba match in 1992. He was named international in 1994, and directed his first international match on October 9, 1996 between Ecuador and Colombia for the 1998 World Cup qualifications.
Among the several international competitions in which he participated are the Copa América of 1997 and 1999), the U-17 World Cup of 1997 and 2005, the U-20 World Youth Championships of 2003 and 2005, the Olympic Games of 2004, and the FIFA Club World Championship of 2000. In the latter, he showed a red card to David Beckham in the tie between Manchester United and Necaxa.
He also refereed in the final matches of the 2002 and 2005 Copa Libertadores de América. In the 2005 tournament the two Brazilian finalist teams São Paulo FC and Atlético Paranaense lobbied Conmebol to have Elizondo as the main referee.
On August 16, 2006 Elizondo refereed the second final of the 2006 Copa Libertadores.
Elizondo broke the Argentine First Division record showing 12 yellow cards on August 19 in the match between Boca Juniors and Independiente. The media, though, supported most of his decisions.
In the annual world referee ranking of the International Federation of Football History and Statistics (IFFHS), Elizondo was positioned 5th in 2001, 12th in 2005 and 1st in 2006.
2006 FIFA World Cup
Elizondo was appointed to represent Argentina in the 2006 FIFA World Cup, together with fellow assistants Darío García and Rodolfo Otero. He officiated three group games: Germany vs Costa Rica, Czech Republic vs Ghana, and Switzerland vs South Korea. He also took charge of the England vs Portugal quarterfinal, as well as the final game between Italy and France, becoming the first referee in World Cup history to referee both the opening and final games of one World Cup, a feat later matched by compatriot Néstor Pitana in the 2018 edition (English referee George Reader also officiated the first and last matches of the 1950 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, but the last one, known as Maracanazo, was not technically a final). Elizondo handed out a total of 29 cards in the tournament, three of which were red, for an average of 5.8 cards per game.
Elizondo took charge of the opening game of the tournament between Germany and Costa Rica, which Germany won 4-2. Elizondo handed out one yellow card to Costa Rica’s Danny Fonseca. The match had a total of 22 fouls and 6 offsides, both statistics split evenly between the two teams. FIFA's president of the World cup organizing committee Lennart Johansson praised Elizondo performance at the match, saying "I did not notice him much which is a very good thing."
In his following match in the group stage, which Ghana won 2-0 against Czech Republic, he gave a straight red card to Czech player Tomáš Ujfaluši for a professional foul in the box, awarding a penalty to Ghana. He then gave a yellow card to Asamoah Gyan when he took the penalty kick prematurely. Gyan missed his second attempt. Elizondo also booked Czech player Vratislav Lokvenc and Ghanaian players Otto Addo, Michael Essien, Derek Boateng and Sulley Muntari, for a total of seven cards. He called 12 fouls against the Czech Republic and 20 against Ghana. He further ruled the Czechs offside 6 times and Ghanaians 9 times.
Elizondo was also the referee in the Switzerland 2-0 South Korea group game. Elizondo handed out nine yellow cards during the match, booking five Swiss players, Philippe Senderos, Hakan Yakın, Raphael Wicky, Christoph Spycher and Johan Djourou and four Koreans Park Chu-Young, Kim Jin-Kyu, Choi Jin-Cheul and Lee Chun-Soo. Elizondo called 7 fouls against Switzerland and 19 against South Korea. There were a total of six offsides calls, split evenly between the two teams.
He awarded the Swiss a goal when he overruled the assistant referee Rodolfo Otero's raised offside flag. Several players, including two defenders, Kim Jin-Kyu and Choi Jin-Cheul, who were following Alexander Frei stopped playing when they saw the flag. The ball was put into the path of Alexander Frei after being hit by Lee Ho's foot. Korea's coach Dick Advocaat was livid at the time, but a few days later agreed that the decision to allow the goal was correct.
Elizondo was the referee in the England 0-0 Portugal quarter-final, which Portugal won 3-1 on penalties. Elizondo gave yellow cards to Ricardo Carvalho and Petit of Portugal and to Owen Hargreaves and John Terry of England, as well as a straight red card to England's Wayne “Babyface” Rooney after he stood on Ricardo Carvalho's groin, for a total of 5 cards. Elizondo called 18 fouls on England and 10 on Portugal, found Portugal offsides 3 times and England none.
World Cup Final
Elizondo was the referee for the final of the tournament in Berlin's Olympiastadion on July 9, between France and Italy. He awarded France a penalty after Florent Malouda went down in the box under contact from Marco Materazzi. Elizondo gave Zinedine Zidane a red card after he headbutted in the chest Marco Materazzi in the 111th minute after consulting fourth official Luis Medina Cantalejo via headset.
Statistics
References
External links
FIFAworldcup.com profile
Horacio Elizondo
1963 births
Living people
Argentine football referees
People from Quilmes
Argentine people of Basque descent
FIFA World Cup referees
2006 FIFA World Cup referees
FIFA World Cup Final match officials
Copa América referees
Sportspeople from Buenos Aires Province |
5376988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%E2%80%9307%20Danish%201st%20Division | 2006–07 Danish 1st Division | The 2006–07 Danish 1st Division season was the 12th season of the Danish 1st Division league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association. It took place from the first match on July 29, 2006 to the final match on June 24, 2007.
The division-champion and runner-up were promoted to the 2007–08 Danish Superliga. The teams in the 14th, 15th and 16th places were divided between 2nd Division East and West, based on location.
League standings
See also
2006–07 in Danish football
References
Danish 1st Division seasons
Denmark
2006–07 in Danish football |
5376989 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong%20Kong%20Housing%20Authority%20Exhibition%20Centre | Hong Kong Housing Authority Exhibition Centre | The Hong Kong Housing Authority Exhibition Centre () is managed by Hong Kong Housing Authority. It is located on the 4/F of Block 3, Hong Kong Housing Authority Headquarters, Ho Man Tin. Permanently closed in March, 2022.
Exhibition
The Opening Ceremony of the Centre was held in July, 2002. The history of public housing estates is displayed in a multi-layer display. The first layer displays the role of the Housing Authority in Hong Kong History throughout the decades, in form of photos, scripts and videos. With models, mock-up flats and other exhibits, the second layer displays the physical forms of public housing development. The third layer shows the development of public housing, with side by side the change of the economic and society of Hong Kong in the 50 years.
The highlight of the Centre is the diorama showing where all the public housing estates in Hong Kong are located.
External links
Official website
Museums in Hong Kong
Public housing in Hong Kong
Ho Man Tin
Urban planning museums |
4041101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major%20depressive%20episode | Major depressive episode | A major depressive episode (MDE) is a period characterized by the symptoms of major depressive disorder. Those affected primarily have a depressed mood for at least two weeks or more, and a loss of interest or pleasure in everyday activities. Other symptoms include feelings of emptiness, hopelessness, anxiety, worthlessness, guilt, irritability, changes in appetite, problems concentrating, remembering details or making decisions, and thoughts of suicide. Insomnia or hypersomnia, aches, pains, or digestive problems that are resistant to treatment may also be present. The description has been formalized in psychiatric diagnostic criteria such as the DSM-5 and ICD-10.
Although the exact origin of depression is still not clear, it is believed to involve biological, psychological, and social aspects. Factors like socioeconomic status, life experience, and personality tendencies play a role in the development of depression and may represent increases in risk for developing a major depressive episode. There are many theories as to how depression occurs. One interpretation is that neurotransmitters in the brain are out of balance, resulting in feelings of worthlessness and despair. Magnetic resonance imaging shows that brains of people who have depression look different than the brains of people not exhibiting signs of depression. A family history of depression increases the chance of being diagnosed.
Emotional pain and economic costs are associated with depression. In the United States and Canada, the costs associated with major depression are comparable to those related to heart disease, diabetes, and back problems and are greater than the costs of hypertension. According to the Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, there is a direct correlation between a major depressive episode and unemployment.
Treatments for a major depressive episode include psychotherapy and antidepressants, although in more serious cases, hospitalization or intensive outpatient treatment may be required.
Signs and symptoms
The criteria below are based on the formal DSM-V criteria for a major depressive episode. A diagnosis of a major depressive episode requires the patient to have experienced five or more of the symptoms below, one of which must be either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure (although both are frequently present). These symptoms must be present for at least 2 weeks and represent a change from the patient's normal behavior.
Depressed mood and loss of interest (anhedonia)
Either a depressed mood or a loss of interest or pleasure must be presented for the diagnosis of a major depressive episode. Depressed mood is the most common symptom seen in major depressive episodes. Interest or pleasure in everyday activities can be decreased; this is referred to as anhedonia. These feelings must be presented on an everyday basis for two weeks or longer to meet DSM-V criteria for a major depressive episode. In addition, the person may experience one or more of the following emotions: sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, indifference, anxiety, tearfulness, pessimism, emotional numbness, or irritability. In children and adolescents, a depressed mood often appears more irritable in nature. There may be a loss of interest in or desire for sex, or other activities once found to be pleasant. Friends and family of the depressed person may notice that they have withdrawn from friends, neglected, or quit doing activities that were once a source of enjoyment.
Sleep
Nearly every day, the person may sleep excessively, known as hypersomnia, or inadequate sleep, known as insomnia. Insomnia is the most common type of sleep disturbance for people who are clinically depressed. Symptoms of insomnia include trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep, or waking up too early in the morning. The most common symptom of insomnia is waking up in the middle of the night and having trouble falling back asleep. Hypersomnia is a less common type of sleep disturbance. It may include sleeping for prolonged periods at night and into the morning or increased sleeping during the daytime. The sleep may not be restful, and the person may feel sluggish despite many hours of sleep, which may amplify their depressive symptoms and interfere with other aspects of their lives. This type of sleep disorder may make it hard for a person to fall and stay asleep at night versus during the day. Hypersomnia is often associated with an atypical depression, as well as seasonal affective disorder.
Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
Depressed people may have feelings of guilt that go beyond a normal level or are delusional. These feelings of guilt and/or worthlessness are excessive and imagined. Major depressive episodes are notable for a significant, often inexplicable, drop in self-esteem. The guilt and worthlessness experienced in a major depressive episode can range from subtle feelings of guilt to frank delusions or to shame and humiliation. Additionally, self-loathing is common in clinical depression, and can lead to a downward spiral when combined with other symptoms. A lot of people with depression have distorted thought patterns, and genuinely believe that they're not good for anything or anyone. They tend to have severe self-esteem issues and don't recognize their value as a human being. They also begin to feel as though their life has no meaning or purpose.
Loss of energy
Persons going through a major depressive episode often have a general lack of energy, as well as fatigue and tiredness, nearly every day for at least 2 weeks. A person may feel tired without having engaged in any physical activity, and day-to-day tasks become increasingly difficult. Job tasks or housework become very tiring, and the patient finds that their work begins to suffer. It becomes very difficult for someone with depression to get things done during the day. Even small tasks, like showering, become exhausting. This is why a lot of people with depression stop taking care of themselves entirely.
Decreased concentration
Nearly every day, the person may be indecisive or have trouble thinking or concentrating. These issues cause significant difficulty in functioning for those involved in intellectually demanding activities, such as school and work, especially in difficult fields. Depressed people often describe a slowing of thought, inability to concentrate and make decisions, and being easily distracted. In the elderly, the decreased concentration caused by a major depressive episode may present as deficits in memory. This is referred to as pseudodementia and often goes away with treatment. Decreased concentration may be reported by the patient or observed by others. Since depression makes it more difficult to stay concentrated, a lot of people will notice that they aren't doing well in school or at their job, which makes their depression even worse.
Change in eating, appetite, or weight
In a major depressive episode, appetite is most often decreased, although a small percentage of people experience an increase in appetite. A person experiencing a depressive episode may have a marked loss or gain of weight (5% of their body weight in one month). A decrease in appetite may result in unintentional weight loss, or when a person is not dieting. Feelings of low self-worth make them not desire to eat anymore. Some people experience an increase in appetite and may gain significant amounts of weight. They may crave certain types of food, such as sweets or carbohydrates. Low self-worth in this instance can lead to self-soothing through eating. In children, failure to make expected weight gains may be counted towards this criteria. Overeating is often associated with atypical depression. When people have depression, they usually will stop taking care of their bodies and "wither away." Lack of a healthy eating habit is a tell-tale sign of classic depression.
Motor activity
Nearly every day, others may see that the person's activity level is not normal. They might notice that the person takes longer to complete simple tasks, or that they're doing a lot at once. People with depression may be overly active (psychomotor agitation) or be very lethargic (psychomotor retardation). Psychomotor agitation is marked by an increase in body activity, which may result in restlessness, an inability to sit still, pacing, hand wringing, or fidgeting with clothes or objects. This could also be linked to anxiety, since depression and anxiety are often seen together. Psychomotor retardation results in a decrease in body activity or thinking. In this case, a depressed person may demonstrate a slowing of thinking, speaking, or body movement. They may speak more softly or say less than usual. This is because they don't have the energy to expend as a normal person would. To meet diagnostic criteria, changes in motor activity must be so abnormal that it can be observed by others. Personal reports of feeling restless or feeling slow do not count towards the diagnostic criteria.
Thoughts of death and suicide
A person going through a major depressive episode may have repeated thoughts about death (other than the fear of dying) or suicide (with or without a plan), or may have made a suicide attempt. Suicidal ideation can be common amongst victims of depression, which is where a person often thinks about not being alive anymore, but they don't yet have a plan to carry out. The frequency and intensity of thoughts about suicide can range from believing that friends and family would be better off if one were dead, to frequent thoughts about committing suicide (generally related to wishing to stop the emotional pain), to detailed plans about how the suicide would be carried out. Those who are more severely suicidal may have made specific plans and decided upon a day and location for the suicide attempt. When this happens, they often keep to themselves about it, and may do it when and where they think no one would suspect.
Comorbid disorders
Major depressive episodes may show comorbidity (association) with other physical and mental health problems. About 20–25% of individuals with a chronic general medical condition will develop major depression. Common comorbid disorders include: eating disorders, substance-related disorders, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Up to 25% of people who experience a major depressive episode have a pre-existing dysthymic disorder.
Some persons who have a fatal illness or are at the end of their life may experience depression, although this is not universal.
Causes
The cause of a major depressive episode is not well understood. This is because there are usually many factors that play into a person's depression. The mechanism is believed to be a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. A major depressive episode can often follow an acute stress in someone's life, such as the death of a loved one or being fired from a job. Evidence suggests that psychosocial stressors play a larger role in the first 1-2 depressive episodes, while having less influence in later episodes. People who experience a major depressive episode often have other mental health issues.
Other risk factors for a depressive episode include:
Family history of a mood disorder
Recent negative life events
Personality (insecure, worried, stress-sensitive, obsessive, unassertive, dependent)
Early childhood trauma
Postpartum
Lack of interpersonal relationships
Studies show that depression can be passed down in families, but this is believed to be due to a combined effect of genetic and environmental factors. Other medical conditions, like hypothyroidism for example, may cause people to experience similar symptoms as a major depressive episode, however this would be considered as a mood disorder due to a general medical condition, according to the DSM-V. For some people, depression runs in their family, and so it's likely that the depression will be passed down to them. For other people, depression might be completely environmental. It could also be a mix of both.
Diagnosis
Criteria
The two main symptoms of a major depressive episode are a depressed mood and a loss of interest or pleasure. From the list below, one bold symptom and four other symptoms must be presented for at least 2 weeks for a diagnosis of a major depressive episode. These symptoms must be causing significant distress or impairment in functioning.
Depressed mood
Loss of interest or pleasure
Change in appetite
Change in sleep
Change in body activity (psychomotor changes)
Loss of energy
Feelings of worthlessness and excessive or inappropriate guilt
Indecisiveness, confusion, or a decrease in concentration
Suicidal ideation
To diagnose a major depressive episode, a trained healthcare provider must make sure that:
The symptoms do not meet the criteria for a mixed episode.
The symptoms must cause considerable distress or impair functioning at work, in social settings, or in other important areas in order to qualify as an episode.
The symptoms are not due to any direct physiological effect of a substance (e.g., abuse of a drug or medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., hypothyroidism).
Workup
No labs are diagnostic of a depressive episode. But some labs can help rule out general medical conditions that may mimic the symptoms of a depressive episode. Healthcare providers may order some routine blood work, including routine blood chemistry, CBC with differential, thyroid function studies, and Vitamin B12 levels, before making a diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
There are other mental health disorders or medical conditions to consider before diagnosing a major depressive episode: A doctor or psychiatrist should consider these options before making a definitive diagnosis, in order to avoid misdiagnosing a patient.
Bipolar disorder
Cyclothymic disorder
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Persistent depressive disorder
Anxiety disorder (Generalized anxiety, PTSD, obsessive-compulsive disorder)
Substance abuse or Substance Use Disorder
Personality disorder with depressive symptoms
Adjustment disorder
Gender dysphoria
Depression due to a general medical condition
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Screening
Healthcare providers may screen patients in the general population for depression using a screening tool, such as the Patient Healthcare Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). If the PHQ-2 screening is positive for depression, a provider may then administer the PHQ-9. The Geriatric Depression Scale is a screening tool that can be used in the elderly population.
Treatment
Depression is a treatable illness. Treatments for a major depressive episode may be provided by mental health specialists (i.e. psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, counselors, etc.), mental health centers or organizations, hospitals, outpatient clinics, social service agencies, private clinics, peer support groups, clergy, and employee assistance programs. The treatment plan could include psychotherapy alone, antidepressant medications alone, or a combination of medication and psychotherapy.
For major depressive episodes of severe intensity (multiple symptoms, minimal mood reactivity, severe functional impairment), combined psychotherapy and antidepressant medications are more effective than psychotherapy alone. Meta-analyses suggest that the combination of psychotherapy and antidepressant medications is more effective in treating mild and moderate forms of depression as well, compared to either type of treatment alone. Patients with severe symptoms may require outpatient treatment or hospitalization.
The treatment of a major depressive episode can be split into 3 phases:
Acute phase: the goal of this phase is to resolve the current major depressive episode
Continuation: this phase continues the same treatment from the acute phase for 4–8 months after the depressive episode has resolved and the goal is to prevent relapse
Maintenance: this phase is not necessary for every patient but is often used for patients who have experienced 2–3 or more major depressive episodes. Treatment may be maintained indefinitely to prevent the occurrence and severity of future episodes.
Therapy
Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, counseling, or psychosocial therapy, is characterized by a patient talking about their condition and mental health issues with a trained therapist. Therapy alone has been proven to benefit people who are struggling with various mental illnesses. Different types of psychotherapy are used as a treatment for depression. These include cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness techniques. Evidence shows that cognitive behavioral therapy can be as effective as medication in the treatment of a major depressive episode.
Psychotherapy may be the first treatment used for mild to moderate depression, especially when psychosocial stressors are playing a large role. Psychotherapy alone may not be as effective for more severe forms of depression, such as depression where there's a chemical imbalance in the brain.
Some of the main forms of psychotherapies used for treatment of a major depressive episode, along with what makes them unique are included below:
Cognitive psychotherapy: focus on patterns of thinking
Interpersonal psychotherapy: focus on relationships, losses, and conflict resolution
Problem-solving psychotherapy: focus on situations and strategies for problem-solving
Psychodynamic psychotherapy: focus on defense mechanisms and coping strategies
Medication
Medications used to treat depression include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and atypical antidepressants such as mirtazapine, which do not fit neatly into any of the other categories. Different antidepressants work better for different individuals, it simply comes down to the person and what they prefer. It is often necessary to try several before finding one that works best for a specific patient. Some people may find it necessary to combine medications, which could mean two antidepressants or an antipsychotic medication in addition to an antidepressant. If a person's close relative has responded well to a certain medication, that treatment will likely work well for him or her. For example, if the depression is familial and the person's mother is prescribed an SSRI, then the same SSRI will most likely benefit the person as well. Antidepressant medications are effective in the acute, continuation, and maintenance phases of treatment, as described above.
The treatment benefits of antidepressant medications are often not seen until 1–2 weeks into treatment, with maximum benefits being reached around 4–6 weeks. It is likely that the person will actually experience more negative side effects during the first week or two, and want to stop taking their medication. However, it is crucial that they push through until the 4-6 week mark to know for sure how they feel about it. Most healthcare providers will monitor patients more closely during the acute phase of treatment and continue to monitor at longer intervals in the continuation and maintenance phases.
Sometimes, people stop taking antidepressant medications due to side effects, although side effects often become less severe over time. Suddenly stopping treatment or missing several doses may cause withdrawal-like symptoms. Some studies have shown that antidepressants may increase short-term suicidal thoughts or actions, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults. However, antidepressants are more likely to reduce a person's risk of suicide in the long run.
Below are listed the main classes of antidepressant medications, some of the most common drugs in each category, and their major side effects:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (citalopram, escitalopram, paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline): major side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and sexual dysfunction such as erectile dysfunction or anorgasmia
Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (duloxetine, venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine): major side effects include nausea, diarrhea, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and tremor
Tricyclic antidepressants (amitryptiline, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline): major side effects include sedation, low blood pressure when moving from sitting to standing (orthostatic hypotension), tremor, and heart issues like conduction delays or arrhythmias
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (isocarboxazid, phenelzine, selegiline): major side effects include high blood pressure (emergency) if eaten with foods rich in tyramine (e.g. cheeses, some meats, and home-brewed beer), sedation, tremor, and orthostatic hypotension
Alternative treatments
There are several treatment options that exist for people who have experienced several episodes of major depression or have not responded to several treatments.
Electroconvulsive therapy is a treatment in which a generalized seizure is induced by means of electrical current. The mechanism of action of the treatment is not clearly understood but has been shown to be most effective in the most severely depressed patients. For this reason, electroconvulsive therapy is preferred for the most severe forms of depression or depression that has not responded to other treatments, known as refractory depression.
Vagus nerve stimulation is another alternative treatment that has been proven to be effective in the treatment of depression, especially people that have been resistant to four or more treatments. Some of the unique benefits of vagus nerve stimulation include improved neurocognitive function and a sustained clinical response.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation is also an alternative treatment for a major depressive episode. It is a non-invasive treatment that is easily tolerated and shows an antidepressant effect, especially in more typical depression and younger adults.
Prognosis
If left untreated, a typical major depressive episode may last for several months. About 20% of these episodes can last two years or more. About half of depressive episodes end spontaneously. However, even after the major depressive episode is over, 20% to 30% of patients have residual symptoms, which can be distressing and associated with disability. Fifty percent of people will have another major depressive episode after the first. However, the risk of relapse is decreased by taking antidepressant medications for more than 6 months.
Symptoms completely improve in six to eight weeks in sixty to seventy percent of patients. The combination of therapy and antidepressant medications has been shown to improve resolution of symptoms and outcomes of treatment.
Suicide is the 8th leading cause of death in the United States. The risk of suicide is increased during a major depressive episode. However, the risk is even more elevated during the first two phases of treatment. There are several factors associated with an increased risk of suicide, listed below:
Greater than 45 years of age
Male
History of suicide attempt or self-injurious behaviors
Family history of suicide or mental illness
Recent severe loss
Poor health
Detailed plan
Inability to accept help
Lack of social support
Psychotic features (auditory or visual hallucinations, disorganization of speech, behavior, or thought)
Alcohol or drug use or comorbid psychiatric disorder
Severe depression
Epidemiology
Estimates of the numbers of people with major depressive episodes and major depressive disorder (MDD) vary significantly. Overall, 13-20% of people will experience significant depressive symptoms at some point in their life. The overall prevalence of MDD is slightly lower ranging from 3.7 to 6.7% of people. In their lifetime, 20% to 25% of women, and 7% to 12% of men will have a major depressive episode. The peak period of development is between the ages of 25 and 44 years. Onset of major depressive episodes or MDD often occurs to people in their mid-20s, and less often to those over 65. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly is around 1-2%. Elderly persons in nursing homes may have increased rates, up to 15-25%. African-Americans have higher rates of depressive symptoms compared to other races. Prepubescent girls are affected at a slightly higher rate than prepubescent boys.
In a National Institute of Mental Health study, researchers found that more than 40% of people with post-traumatic stress disorder had depression four months after the traumatic event they experienced.
Women who have recently given birth may be at increased risk for having a major depressive episode. This is referred to as postpartum depression and is a different health condition than the baby blues, a low mood that resolves within 10 days after delivery.
See also
Depression (differential diagnoses)
Depressive personality disorder
Major depressive disorder
Mental breakdown
Sources
Dunn, Eric C.; Wang, Min-Jung; Perlis, Roy H. (2019) Chapter 1. A Summary of Recent Updates on the Genetic Determinants of Depression p. 3 left column Major Depressive Disorder by Roger S McIntyre, Carola Rong, Mehala Subramaniapillai Elsevier Retrieved 23 January 2021
Costandi, Moheb (24 July 2015) Two genetic variants linked to depression doi:10.1038/nmiddleeast.2015.122 nature middle east Springer Nature Limited Retrieved 23 January 2021
Drs;
Notes
External links
Depression information from the National Institutes of Health
Bipolar disorder
Depression (mood)
Major depressive disorder
Mood disorders |
4041157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatine%20aponeurosis | Palatine aponeurosis | Attached to the posterior border of the hard palate is a thin, firm, fibrous lamella called the palatine aponeurosis, which supports the muscles and gives strength to the soft palate.
It is thicker above and narrows on the way down where it becomes very thin and difficult to define.
Laterally, it is continuous with the pharyngeal aponeurosis.
It serves as the insertion for the tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini, and the origin for the musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus, and palatoglossus.
It provides support for the soft palate.
See also
Aponeurosis
References
Human head and neck |
4041163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Head%20Raddall | Thomas Head Raddall | Thomas Head Raddall (13 November 1903 – 1 April 1994) was a Canadian writer of history and historical fiction.
Early life
Raddall was born in Hythe, Kent, England in 1903, the son of an Army officer, also named Thomas Head Raddall, and Ellen (née Gifford) Raddall. In 1913 the family moved to Nova Scotia, where his father had taken a training position with the Canadian Militia. The elder Raddall then saw active service during the First World War and was killed in action at Amiens in August 1918.
Raddall attended Chebucto School in Halifax until 6 December 1917, when the school was converted into a temporary morgue in the wake of the Halifax Explosion. The Raddall family survived the explosion and Raddall wrote about it in his memoirs, In My Time.
At the age of fifteen, Raddall trained at the Canadian School of Telegraphy in Halifax and shortly thereafter started working at the age of 18 as a marine telegraph operator for the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company.
Raddall's first job was as a wireless operator on seagoing ships, including the CS Mackay-Bennett, and stationed on land at Camperdown Signal Station and at isolated wireless posts such as Sable Island. He later took a job as a clerk at a pulp and paper mill in Liverpool, Nova Scotia, where he began his writing career. There, Raddall came in contact with the master American swindler and fugitive from justice, Leo Koretz, who was using the alias, Lou Keyte.
Career as a writer
Raddall was a prolific, award-winning writer. He received Governor General's Awards for three of his books, The Pied Piper of Dipper Creek (1943), Halifax, Warden of the North (1948) and The Path of Destiny (1957). He was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1971.
Raddall is best known for his historical fiction, but he also published numerous non-fictional historical works. His interest in historical research grew when he was stationed at historical locations as a wireless operator, and he received crucial encouragement and assistance from Harry Piers, Curator of the Nova Scotia Museum, who became his mentor. Raddall's early works included studies of privateering, civic and marine history, and Canada during the War of 1812. His history of Halifax, Warden of the North, remains influential.
Historical preservation and restoration
Raddall worked with the Queens County Historical Society, the Historic Sites Advisory Council of Nova Scotia, and the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada. He played a role in preserving the diary of Simeon Perkins, an early colonial document published in three volumes (the fourth has yet to be published) between 1948 and 1978 by the Champlain Society, and edited by Harold Innis, D. C. Harvey and C. B. Ferguson. Raddall helped to restore and preserve Perkins House Museum, a colonial house built by Simeon Perkins that is now a part of the Nova Scotia Museum system.
Legacy
An exact replica of Raddall's study, furnished with his possessions, is on view at the Thomas Raddall Research Centre, administered by the Queens County Historical Society, of which Raddall was a founding member in 1929.
His correspondence is housed at the Dalhousie University Archives, which also runs the Thomas Raddall Electronic Archive Project, currently digitizing his published and unpublished writings.
The Thomas Head Raddall Award is a literary award administered for the best work of adult fiction published in the previous year by a writer from Canada's Atlantic provinces.
The Thomas Raddall Provincial Park is a park in Nova Scotia named for Raddall.
Bibliography
At the Tide's Turn and Other Stories
The Cape Breton Giant and Other Writings
Courage in the Storm
The Dreamers
The Governor's Lady - 1960
Footsteps on Old Floors: True Tales of Mystery - 1968
Halifax, Warden of the North - 1948; revised edition - 1971
Hangman's Beach
His Majesty's Yankees - 1942
In My Time: A Memoir - 1976
The Markland Sagas, With a Discussion of Their Relation to Nova Scotia
The Mersey Story
A Muster of Arms and Other Stories
The Nymph and the Lamp - 1950
Path of Destiny: Canada From the British Conquest to Home Rule - 1957
A Pictorial Guide to Historic Nova Scotia, Featuring Louisbourg, Peggy's Cove, Sable Island
The Pied Piper of Dipper Creek and Other Tales
Pride's Fancy - 1948
Roger Sudden - 1946
The Rover: The Story of a Canadian Privateer - 1958
The Saga of the "Rover"
Son of the Hawk - 1950
Tambour and Other Stories
This Is Nova Scotia, Canada's Ocean Playground
Tidefall - 1953
The Wedding Gift and Other Stories
, in Kanadische Erzähler der Gegenwart. Hgg. Armin Arnold, Walter E. Riedel. Manesse, Zürich 1967, 1986, p 11 – 38
West Novas: A History of the West Nova Scotia Regiment
The Wings of Night - 1957
References
External links
Thomas Raddall Electronic Archive Project
1903 births
1994 deaths
Canadian historical novelists
Canadian male novelists
Members of the United Church of Canada
Writers from Nova Scotia
Officers of the Order of Canada
British emigrants to Canada
People from Hythe, Kent
People from Queens County, Nova Scotia
Governor General's Award-winning fiction writers
Governor General's Award-winning non-fiction writers
20th-century Canadian novelists
20th-century Canadian historians
20th-century Canadian male writers
Canadian male non-fiction writers |
5377010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurognathidae | Anurognathidae | Anurognathidae is a family of small, short-tailed pterosaurs that lived in Europe, Asia, and possibly North America during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Five genera are known: Anurognathus, from the Late Jurassic of Germany; Jeholopterus, from the Middle to Late Jurassic of China; Dendrorhynchoides, from the Middle Jurassic of China; Batrachognathus, from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan; and Vesperopterylus, from the Early Cretaceous of China. Bennett (2007) suggested that the holotype of Mesadactylus, BYU 2024, a synsacrum, belonged to an anurognathid, though this affinity has been questioned by other authors. Mesadactylus is from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of the United States. Indeterminate anurognathid remains have also been reported from the Middle Jurassic Bakhar Svita of Mongolia and the Early Cretaceous of North Korea.
Classification
A family Anurognathidae was named in 1928 by Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás (as the subfamily Anurognathinae) with Anurognathus as the type genus. The family name Anurognathidae was first used by Oskar Kuhn in 1967.
The phylogeny of Anurognathidae is disputed. Both Alexander Kellner and David Unwin in 2003 defined the group as a node clade: the last common ancestor of Anurognathus and Batrachognathus and all its descendants. Some analyses, such as that of Kellner (2003), place them as the most basal group in the pterosaur tree. Unwin also recovered the group as very basal, falling between Dimorphodontidae and Compylognathoididae. However, anurognathids have some characteristics in common with the derived Pterodactyloidea, such as short and fused tail bones. More recent analyses, which include more fossils and taxa, support this observation and recover the group as substantially more derived than previously thought, but still basal to pterodactyloids. In 2010 an analysis by Brian Andres indicated the Anurognathidae and Pterodactyloidea were sister taxa. This conformed better to the fossil record because no early anurognathids were known at the time, and being the basalmost pterosaur clade would require a ghost lineage of over sixty million years. However, the reassignment of "Dimorphodon weintraubi" to a basal position within Anurognathidae helps fill this gap and suggests this group appeared earlier than previously thought, possibly in the Early Jurassic Period. Depending on where Anurognathidae falls within the Pterosauria, the existence of "Dimorphodon weintraubi" may have important implications for the timing of the evolution of major pterosaur clades, making further study of this specimen critical for pterosaur research. In 2022, a phylogenetic analysis accompanying the description of Cascocauda recovered Anurognathidae as a sister clade to Breviquartossa.
Lifestyle
Anurognathids are widely believed to have been nocturnal or crepuscular akin to bats. The fact that many anurognathids have large eye sockets supports the theory of operating in low-light environments. Anurognathid teeth suggest they were largely insectivorous, though some may have had more prey choices, such as Batrachognathus and Jeholopterus, which have been hypothesized to have been piscivorous. At least some, such as Vesperopterylus, were arboreal, with claws suited for gripping tree branches.
Feathers
A 2018 study of the remains of two small Jurassic-age pterosaurs from Inner Mongolia, China, named as the genus Cascocauda in 2022, found that pterosaurs had a wide array of pycnofiber shapes and structures, as opposed to the homogeneous structures that had generally been assumed to cover them. Some of these had frayed ends, very similar in structure to four different feather types known from birds or other dinosaurs but almost never known from pterosaurs prior to the study, suggesting homology. A response to this study was published in 2020, where it was suggested that the structures seen on the anurognathids were actually a result of the decomposition of aktinofibrils: a type of fibre used to strengthen and stiffen the wing. However, in a response to this, the authors of the 2018 paper point to the fact that the presence of the structures extend past the patagium, and the presence of both aktinofibrils and filaments on Jeholopterus ningchengensis and Sordes pilosus. The various forms of filament structure present on the anurognathids in the 2018 study would also require a form of decomposition that would cause the different 'filament' forms seen. They therefore conclude that the most parsimonious interpretation of the structures is that they are filamentous proto-feathers. But Liliana D’Alba points out that the description of the preserved integumentary structures on the two anurogmathid specimens is still based upon gross morphology. She also points out that Pterorhynchus was described to have feathers to support the claim that feathers had a common origin with Ornithodirans but was argued against by several authors. The only method to assure if it was homologous to feathers is to use a scanning electron microscope.
Notes
Monofenestratans
Callovian first appearances
Late Jurassic extinctions
Prehistoric reptile families |
4041173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuljeet%20Randhawa | Kuljeet Randhawa | Kuljeet Randhawa (29 January 1976 – 8 February 2006) was an Indian model and actress. She is best known for her work in TV series C.A.T.S., Special Squad and Kohinoor.
Early life and career
Randhawa was born on 29 January 1976 in Raniganj, Asansol, West Bengal. Her father served in the Indian police, which enabled Kuljeet to travel across India including Patiala, Punjab where her father was serving at the time of her suicide. She began modelling as a student, and her work included several ads and runway shows for major designers. She earned her Honours in Psychology from Delhi University.
Randhawa began her career starring in Hip Hip Hurray replacing Shweta Salve as 'Prishita'. Her performance was appreciated but she came into the spotlight when she was signed as the new lead in UTV show C.A.T.S. where she again replaced an actress Karminder Kaur. The TV series, starring Nafisa Joseph and Malini Sharma, became popular but remained slow on the ratings front. Randhawa was highly appreciated for her part as detective 'Ash'. Following the end of the series, Kuljeet continued to appear in many TV shows in cameos and also featured in modelling assignments.
Randhawa saw a huge success as a model but was completely choosy when it comes to acting. After C.A.T.S. she was not seen in a lead role and after a long gap she returned in a lead role in Star One's Special Squad Star One. Randhawa was not happy with the content being portrayed on Indian Television where actresses were mostly crying. She always opted for bold and strong women centric roles which is why she got typecast in thriller roles. Randhawa played a cop/detective in more than five TV shows which was a record for any Indian Television actress and a unique one which no actress could follow successfully.
Her performance was very well received in Special Squad but in order to increase the ratings, Gauri Pradhan Tejwani was signed as another female lead in the show. After six episodes, Kuljeet quit the show citing professional decisions however it was indicated that Kuljeet left the show because of Gauri which she declined later.
Right after she quit Special Squad, Randhawa was signed to play 'Irawati Kohli' in Cinevistaas and Sahara One Production 'Kohinoor'. In an exclusive chat transcript, Randhawa revealed details about the show, Special Squad, Nafisa Joseph and more about herself. The season one of Kohinoor was well received by the audience and the makers were planning another season but it didn't materialize after Randhawa committed suicide in 2006.
Filmography
Ghar Jamai (1997) Zee TV as Subramanium/Subbu Friend (guest Role only in episode 64)
Hip Hip Hurray — Zee TV (Role — Prishita) from Episode 54 to 86.
C.A.T.S. - Sony TV (Lead Role — Ash)
Rishtey — Zee TV Episode 157
Aahat as Anita (Episodic role in Season 1 Episode 258 )
Sarhadein — Zee TV (Cameo) as Sheena from Episode 57 to 86
Gubbare :- (Zee TV) Episode 21
Kyun Hota Hai Pyaar — Star Plus (Cameo)
Kehta Hai Dil — Star Plus (Cameo)
Kumkum – Ek Pyara Sa Bandhan—Star Plus (Supporting Role)
Kambhkht Ishq — Zee TV (Cameo)
Special Squad — Star One (Lead Role — Shaina Singh)
Kohinoor — Sahara One (Lead Role — Irawati Kohli)
Besides acting, Randhawa worked on a number of modelling assignments for brands like Reid and Taylor, Recova, Maggi, and Anchor Switches among others.
Death
On 8 February 2006, Kuljeet hanged herself in her apartment in Juhu, a town in western Maharashtra. In a suicide note, Kuljeet stated that she was ending her life as she was unable to cope with life's pressures. Shortly before her death, she had completed filming for the movie By Chance. She died at the age of 30.
References
External links
Actresses from West Bengal
Female models from West Bengal
Female suicides
Suicides by hanging in India
1976 births
2006 deaths
People from Asansol
20th-century Indian actresses
21st-century Indian actresses
Actresses in Hindi television
Indian television actresses
2006 suicides
Artists who committed suicide |
5377011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh%20Mathematical%20Olympiad | Bangladesh Mathematical Olympiad | The Bangladesh Mathematical Olympiad is an annual mathematical competition arranged for school and college students to nourish their interest and capabilities for mathematics. It has been regularly organized by the Bangladesh Math Olympiad Committee since 2001. Bangladesh Math Olympiad activities started in 2003 formally. The first Math Olympiad was held in Shahjalal University of Science and Technology. Mohammad Kaykobad, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal and Munir Hasan were instrumental in its establishment.
With the endeavor of the members of the committee, the daily newspaper Prothom Alo and the Dutch Bangla Bank Limited, the committee promptly achieved its primary goal – to send a team to the International Mathematical Olympiad. Bangladeshi students have participated in the International Mathematical Olympiad since 2005.
Besides arranging Divisional and National Math Olympiads, the committee extends its cooperation to all interested groups and individuals who want to arrange a Mathematics Olympiad. The Bangladesh Math Olympiad and the selection of the Bangladeshi national team for the International Mathematical Olympiad is bounded by rules set by the Olympiad Committee. The Bangladesh Mathematical Olympiad is open for school and college students from the country. The competitions usually take place around December–January–February. In the 2014 International Mathematical Olympiad, the Bangladesh team achieved one silver, one bronze and four honorable mentions, placing the country at 53 among 101 participating countries. In the 2015 International Mathematical Olympiad, the Bangladesh team achieved one silver, four bronze and one honorable mention, finishing in 33rd place. Ahmed Zawad Chowdhury, who previously won a silver and a bronze in 2017 and 2016, helped Bangladesh win a gold medal for the first time in the 2018 International Mathematical Olympiad. He had previously missed a gold medal in 2017 by only two marks. Shah Ahmed Jubaer also participates in BdMO.
Format
The students are divided into four academic categories:
Primary: Class 3-5
Junior: Class 6-8
Secondary: Class 9-10
Higher Secondary: Class 11–12
Selection Round
After achieving 1st gold medal in international Mathematics Olympiad in 2018, the competition spread all over the country. The organisers took selection round in 64 districts of Bangladesh in 2019. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this competition held entirely by online platform in 29 February. The selected participant of selection round can attend in regional competition.
Regional Olympiad
The country is divided in 24 regions for the Regional Olympiad. In each division except Dhaka, nearly 60 students among 1000 participants are selected for the National Olympiad. In Dhaka, the number of participants is more than 3000 and 100–150 are selected for the National Olympiad. In all of the problems in the Regional Olympiad, only the final answers are necessary.
National Olympiad
In the National Olympiad, the top 71 participants are given prizes. The time given for solving the problems depends on the category: 2 hours for the Primary category, 3 hours for the Junior category, and 4 hours for the Secondary and Higher Secondary category.
National Math Camp
A group for the National Math Camp is selected from the winners of the National Olympiad.
Medal winners in International Mathematical Olympiad
For every year since 2005, Bangladeshi students have participated in the International Mathematical Olympiad.
Samin Riasat and Nazia Chowdhury won bronze medals for Bangladesh in 2009. Dhananjoy Biswas won the first silver medal for Bangladesh in 2012. Ahmed Zawad Chowdhury brought the first and only (till now) gold medal for Bangladesh in 2018.
The following is the full list of medal winners from Bangladesh:
References
External links
Education in Bangladesh
2001 establishments in Bangladesh
Mathematics competitions
Science and technology in Bangladesh
Competitions in Bangladesh |
5377016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Gilbert%20West | Richard Gilbert West | Richard Gilbert West FRS (31 May 1926 – 30 December 2020) was a British botanist, geologist and palaeontologist. He began his career at the age of 18 in 1944 when he joined the Army and spent time in India. On return to England, he went to Clare College, Cambridge in 1948 taking Botany and Geology at Part I. Although being tempted to take Geology for Part II, he decided to study Botany, for which he obtained First Class Honours and the Frank Smart Studentship. As a research student, he was supervised by Harry Godwin, Director of the Subdepartment of Quaternary Research and investigated the now classic study of the stratigraphy and palynology of the Middle Pleistocene interglacial lake deposits at Hoxne, Suffolk. He was awarded his PhD in 1954, shortly after he was elected a Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge. Richard become a lecturer in the Department of Botany in 1960, in 1966 he became Director of the Subdepartment, and Professor of Botany in 1977. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1968 and was awarded many medals and prizes, including the Lyell and Bigsby medals of the Geological Society and the Albrecht Penck medal of the Deutsche Quartärvereiningung. He retired in 1991.
Throughout his career he has maintained a wide interest in Quaternary Science in general, and the British Quaternary geology in particular. His research has been mainly based on the understanding of interglacial and cold-climate period palaeobotany and stratigraphy, but also sedimentation and periglaciation. As well as inspiring three generations of research students, he published numerous reviews, over 120 papers and 9 books.
References
External links
http://www.quaternary.group.cam.ac.uk/history/directors/west.html
1926 births
2020 deaths
Alumni of Clare College, Cambridge
British botanists
Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge
Fellows of the Royal Society
Lyell Medal winners
British geologists
British palaeontologists
Professors of Botany (Cambridge) |
5377024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability%20Discrimination%20Act%202005 | Disability Discrimination Act 2005 | The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (c 13) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Section 20 - Short title, interpretation, commencement and extent
The following orders have been made under section 20(3):
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 1) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/1676 (C. 70))
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 2) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2774 (C. 113))
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No 3) Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/1555 (C. 63))
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 4) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/341 (C. 27))
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (Commencement No. 1) (Wales) Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/3285 (W. 289))
References
Halsbury's Statutes,
External links
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005, as amended from the National Archives.
The Disability Discrimination Act 2005, as originally enacted from the National Archives.
Explanatory notes to the Disability Discrimination Act 2005.
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 2005
Disability law in the United Kingdom
Disability legislation |
5377033 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladislav%20%C5%BDen%C3%AD%C5%A1ek | Ladislav Ženíšek | Ladislav Ženíšek (7 March 1904 in Vinohrady – 14 May 1985) was a Czech football defender and later a football manager. He played 22 matches for Czechoslovakia.
He was a participant in the 1934 FIFA World Cup, where Czechoslovakia won the silver medal.
In his country he played mostly for Viktoria Žižkov and Slavia Prague.
As a football manager he coached several teams, including Viktoria Žižkov, as well as the Czechoslovak national team.
References
1904 births
1985 deaths
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
SK Slavia Prague players
FK Viktoria Žižkov players
Czech football managers
Czechoslovak football managers
Association football defenders
1934 FIFA World Cup players
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dukla Prague managers
Czechoslovakia national football team managers
Bohemians 1905 managers
FK Viktoria Žižkov managers
FK Vítkovice managers
Footballers from Prague
People from the Kingdom of Bohemia |
5377042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrative%20movement%20therapy | Concentrative movement therapy | Concentrative movement therapy (CMT) is a psychotherapeutic method for group and individual therapy which is based on thought models stemming from psychodynamic psychotherapy and depth psychology. Taking as its point of departure the theory that perception is composed of sensation and experience (Viktor von Weizsäcker), CMT is interested in the conscious perception of the body in the "here and now" against the background of the individual life and learning story.
General
Through the concentrative engagement with early levels of experience, memories are brought to life which appear in bodily expression as posture, movement and behaviour. Like the material which appears in dreams, subjective bodily experience also contains information which can extend back to preverbal times. Bodily movements or bodily contact call forth a patient's basic postures. Through the movement work the biographical material is made topical so that a correlation can be made between what a person has experienced and that person's life story. "The primary process-like level of experience and the secondary process-like level of spoken expression constitute a unity. Through this, speaking acquires the following meaning: What has been experienced is, in the act of being spoken of, conceptualized, and consequently brought to the levels of thought, association, reflection and communication. This is how the sensory-emotional is linked to the linguistic-cognitive cycle in the sense of V. v. Weizsäcker's Gestaltkreis.
When we speak of movement therapy, by movement we understand the following:
To-move-oneself, the experience of movement includes a person's sensorimotor functions.
To-be-moved, what internally moves and has been moved (affects and emotions).
To-be-on-the-way, that means the person's developmental steps and his gradual progress in the overcoming of actual or fantasized external or internal impediments.
Areas of application
Clinical patients and outpatients in individual or group therapy:
Psychosomatics
Early disturbances: narcissistic and borderline disturbances; in particular, body-schema and body-image disturbances
Neurotic disturbances
Illnesses resulting from addictions
Crisis intervention
Acute reaction to pressure
Traumas
Psychoses
Morbid anxiety
Compulsion disturbance
Eating disorder
Depression
Chronic illnesses with pain
Consciousness raising
Adult education
Theoretical basis and principles
CMT extracts a deepened understanding of human nature from the existence-philosophical formulation, which Gabriel Marcel articulates in the following way: "I have a body and am my body". "For us the body is not the entrance to what psychically happens, but is rather the place where the entirety of what happens psychically takes place."
CMT is theoretically based on Gabriel Marcel and Maurice Merleau-Ponty's existence philosophy, Piaget's genetic theory of knowledge, how he presents this in his development of the thought structures, in Viktor von Weizsäcker's medical anthropology (his theory of the Gestaltkreis) and in theories in depth psychology about ego development (A. Freud, Hartmann, Blanck and Blanck) and the object relationship (Balint, Mahler, Ericson, Winnicott, Kohut and Kernberg) and in the newer infant research (Lichtenberg, Stern, Sanders).
CMT's fundamental philosophical principles come from diverse sketches of the body-mind problematic in western philosophy. Up until today Descartes' dualism (body and mind as separate entities) marks our thinking. The transition from philosophy to psychology through Ehrenfels, Koffka and Köhler, the Gestalt psychologists, brought about the change to a unifying concept. In the field of philosophy, the phenomenologist and existence philosopher Gabriel Marcel made a significant contribution to the overcoming of the body-mind split with his "Etre et avoir" theory. He arrives at the formulation "I have a body and am my body" ("corp que j` ai et corps que je suis") as does Maurice Merleau-Ponty in his "Phenomenology of Perception": "One's own body is in the world the way that a heart is in an organism: The body is what keeps the entire visible spectacle alive; it innerly nourishes and fills one with life and builds a single system with the spectacle."
In his teachings about psychosomatic illnesses, V. v. Weizsäcker starts with psychophysical parallelisms and interaction theory and moves to his Gestaltkreis teachings; in these teachings he starts with the subjectivity of the perception process and with the notion that perception and movement are linked: "What prevails is a continual and reciprocal, self-illuminating, enclosed in-itself, bodily-mental back and forth, in cycle-like unity."
On the level of developmental psychology the Gestaltkreis teachings correspond to Jean Piaget's observances on the development of the early childhood structures of perception, attitude and thought. In continual assimilation and accommodation processes, the motor cognitive and the emotional development work together and determine each other. The development of the senses, the continually differentiating thought and comportment structures, and the experience of space and time are, for Piaget, the prerequisites for developing the ability to symbolize. Compatible with this are the theories of development in depth psychology, where the main emphasis is on early childhood experience with the people with whom one has relationships and where the condition for a healthy development is a happy relationship with the person to whom one relates most closely (Balint, Mahler, Ericson, Winnicott, Kohut and Kernberg).
"When in therapy it is about gaining more insight and awareness into oneself, language and thinking are needed. But language does not necessarily have to be the verbalization of contents; body language or the expression of one's own private language also helps. It is precisely those patients, who cannot verbally express their feelings and sensations, who more easily find in gesticulation, in symbolic expression about subjects or scenes, a first point of entry into their inner lives."
History
The Munich physician and psychotherapist Helmut Stolze used the method in the university-clinical field and named it "Concentrative movement therapy" in 1958. From this moment on CMT was taught as a special method on congresses and was more and more represented in the psychotherapeutic practice.
Literature
Gräff, Ch.: „Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie in der Praxis," Hippokrates Verlag, Stuttgart, 1983
Budjuhn, A.: „Die psycho-sozialen Verfahren. Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie und Gestaltungstherapie in Theorie und Praxis." Verlag modernes lernen, Dortmund, 1992
Pokorny, V. & Hochgerner, M. & Cserny, S.: „Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie" Facultas Wien, 1996
Bayerl, B.: „Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie bei chronisch schizophrenen Patienten – eine Kasuistik", in: Röhricht, Priebe, Körpererleben in der Schizophrenie, Hogrefe Verlag, Göttingen 1998
Schreiber-Willnow, K.: „Körper-, Selbst- und Gruppenerleben in der stationären Konzentrativen Bewegungstherapie", Psychosozial-Verlag, Gießen 2000
Gräff, Ch. & Maria L.: "Aus dem Tunnel der Depression. Ein Entwicklungsweg mit Konzentrativer Bewegungstherapie", Psychosozial-Verlag, Gießen, 2005
K.P.Seidler, K.Schreiber-Willnow, A.Hamacher-Erbguth, M.Pfäfflin: "Die Praxis der Konzentrativen Bewegungstherapie(KBT): Frequenz - Dauer - Setting - Behandelte Störungsbilder", Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2002
S.Cserny & C.Paluselli: "Der Körper ist der Ort des psychischen Geschehens: praktisches Arbeits-Lehr-Buch für Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie", Verlag Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg, 2006
References
External links
Deutscher Arbeitskreis für Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie e.V. (DAKBT)
Österreichische Arbeitskreis für Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie (ÖAKBT)
Schweizer Arbeitskreis für Konzentrative Bewegungstherapie (CHKBT)
Donau Universität Krems
Psychotherapies |
5377064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral%20%28piercing%29 | Spiral (piercing) | An ear spiral is a thick spiral that is usually worn through the ear lobe. It is worn in ears that have been stretched. It is normally held in place only by its own downward pressure. Glass ear spirals are shown but many materials are used. Some designs are quite ornate and may include decorative appendages flaring from the underlying concentric pattern.
Body piercing jewellery
Ear piercing |
5377072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onda%20Verde%20%28radio%20program%29 | Onda Verde (radio program) | Onda Verde ("Green Wave") is the name given to the radio traffic reports produced by the Centro di Coordinamento Informazioni sulla Sicurezza Stradale (Road Safety Information Co-ordinating Centre) in Italy and transmitted by the Italian national broadcaster RAI The popular music that introduced this show was created by Clay Remini from the studio ZERODIBI in Milan. The reports, which go out hourly on each of RAI's main radio channels, supply information on the flow of traffic on the country's main roads and motorways.
The bulletins are a development of those first produced in the 1980s by the Automobile Club d'Italia from a small radio studio on the Via Magenta in Rome under the title Buon Viaggio ("Safe Journey"). In June 1990 production was transferred to the RAI's Saxa Rubra broadcasting centre. Among the voices that Onda Verde has made famous and familiar to motorists are those of Stefano Baiocchi, Miriam Castelli, Pina Di Salvatore, Michela Macioci, Marina Flaibani, and Massimo Veschi.
External links
http://www.radio.rai.it/cciss/orari.cfm
Rai (broadcaster)
Italian radio programs |
5377081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%20Ludl | Josef Ludl | Josef Ludl (3 June 1916 in Dalovice – 1 August 1998 in Prague), was a Czech football player. He played for Czechoslovakia, for which he played 16 matches and scored six goals.
He was a participant in the 1938 FIFA World Cup.
In his country he played for Viktoria Žižkov and Sparta Prague. He scored 128 league goals.
References
Story at AC Sparta Praha official website
ČMFS entry
1916 births
1998 deaths
People from Mladá Boleslav District
People from the Kingdom of Bohemia
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
1938 FIFA World Cup players
FK Viktoria Žižkov players
AC Sparta Prague players
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Czech football managers
Czechoslovak football managers
SK Kladno managers
FC Hradec Králové managers
Association football forwards
Sportspeople from the Central Bohemian Region |
5377084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohan%20Smith | Rohan Smith | Rohan H. Smith (born 31 May 1973) is a former Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League.
Debuting in 1992 after being recruited around 1990, Smith has long been one of the Bulldogs' favourite sons, with his reputation rising during the mid-1990s when he became one of the best half-backs in the league. In 1997 he cemented this reputation by earning All-Australian selection.
Smith is currently serving as the backline coach of the Western Bulldogs and enjoys his time with his family.
Early life
Smith attended St. Paul's College in Altona North, Victoria.
1997
The 1997 season was the most eventful for Smith and his team, which made a preliminary final. Despite a four-point lead in the last quarter, the Bulldogs had victory stolen from them by Adelaide. The battling club, which was the subject of the Year of the Dogs documentary in 1996, drastically improved in 1997 with the club being renamed from Footscray to the Western Bulldogs and seemingly a new dawn arising with a Grand Final berth likely. He also had a little girl named Keely Shea Smith and in 1999 had a son named Jacob Harrington Smith.
With the Bulldog's surrender of a big lead, Smith is best remembered for encapsulating the feelings of the team after the loss, on his knees in the middle of the Melbourne Cricket Ground, punching the turf.
Later career
Smith again won All-Australian selection in 2003 and in recent seasons had been noted for his longevity in the game, at 33 years of age still being a valuable member of a young Bulldogs side. However, he had noticeably lost some of his pace during the 2006 season, and announced his retirement before the start of the finals series in 2006. There was talk of him continuing a further year if he was stuck on 299 games, but he insisted that he would retire at the end of the season, regardless of his games tally. The Bulldogs won their first final, against Collingwood, to set up a 300th game for Smith which he would share with Scott West, another long serving veteran and one of Smith's best friends at the club. Smith and West were the only team mates in AFL history to share their 300th game in the same match.
Unfortunately that game would be his last, with the Bulldogs going down by 74 points, away to West Coast. An emotional Smith was chaired off the Subiaco Oval where he received a standing ovation, a testament to his illustrious career.
Smith now resides in Williamstown with his wife Alison and his two children.
Following his retirement, Smith became a commentator for Fox Sports, since 2012 Smith has been an assistant coach at his former club in the Western Bulldogs.
Statistics
|-
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1992
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 31 || 14 || 10 || 9 || 95 || 46 || 141 || 24 || 19 || 0.7 || 0.6 || 6.8 || 3.3 || 10.1 || 1.7 || 1.4 || 0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1993
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 6 || 7 || 6 || 54 || 18 || 72 || 23 || 5 || 1.2 || 1.0 || 9.0 || 3.0 || 12.0 || 3.8 || 0.8 || 0
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1994
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 11 || 2 || 1 || 63 || 43 || 106 || 22 || 16 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 5.7 || 3.9 || 9.6 || 2.0 || 1.5 || 0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1995
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 22 || 6 || 9 || 277 || 135 || 412 || 86 || 28 || 0.3 || 0.4 || 12.6 || 6.1 || 18.7 || 3.9 || 1.3 || 12
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1996
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 22 || 15 || 9 || 280 || 105 || 385 || 89 || 29 || 0.7 || 0.4 || 12.7 || 4.8 || 17.5 || 4.0 || 1.3 || 4
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1997
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 24 || 26 || 13 || 318 || 145 || 463 || 95 || 32 || 1.1 || 0.5 || 13.3 || 6.0 || 19.3 || 4.0 || 1.3 || 3
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1998
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 24 || 29 || 26 || 245 || 121 || 366 || 101 || 23 || 1.2 || 1.1 || 10.2 || 5.0 || 15.3 || 4.2 || 1.0 || 6
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1999
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 24 || 31 || 22 || 284 || 114 || 398 || 122 || 17 || 1.3 || 0.9 || 11.8 || 4.8 || 16.6 || 5.1 || 0.7 || 6
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2000
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 23 || 42 || 20 || 271 || 108 || 379 || 125 || 15 || 1.8 || 0.9 || 11.8 || 4.7 || 16.5 || 5.4 || 0.6 || 0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2001
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 21 || 18 || 21 || 258 || 102 || 360 || 96 || 17 || 0.9 || 1.0 || 12.3 || 4.9 || 17.1 || 4.6 || 0.8 || 3
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2002
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 22 || 18 || 11 || 293 || 130 || 423 || 111 || 31 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 13.3 || 5.9 || 19.2 || 5.0 || 1.4 || 3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2003
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 22 || 6 || 7 || 353 || 144 || 497 || 95 || 30 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 16.0 || 6.5 || 22.6 || 4.3 || 1.4 || 4
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2004
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 21 || 7 || 13 || 304 || 88 || 392 || 97 || 29 || 0.3 || 0.6 || 14.5 || 4.2 || 18.7 || 4.6 || 1.4 || 4
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2005
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 20 || 16 || 17 || 243 || 135 || 378 || 121 || 26 || 0.8 || 0.9 || 12.2 || 6.8 || 18.9 || 6.1 || 1.3 || 0
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2006
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 24 || 21 || 10 || 241 || 132 || 373 || 137 || 45 || 0.9 || 0.4 || 10.0 || 5.5 || 15.5 || 5.7 || 1.9 || 0
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 300
! 254
! 194
! 3579
! 1566
! 5145
! 1344
! 362
! 0.8
! 0.6
! 11.9
! 5.2
! 17.2
! 4.5
! 1.2
! 45
|}
References
External links
1973 births
Living people
Western Bulldogs players
All-Australians (AFL)
People from Williamstown, Victoria
Victorian State of Origin players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
E. J. Whitten Medal winners
Australia international rules football team players |
5377097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahamas%20Securities%20Exchange | Bahamas Securities Exchange | The Bahamas International Securities Exchange (BISX) is a securities exchange in the Bahamas. It was founded in 1999 and is located in Nassau. The unique four symbol alphanumeric Market Identifier Code (MIC) used to identify the BISX as defined under ISO 10383. of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is: XBAA.
Listed companies
See also
Economy of the Bahamas
List of stock exchanges in the Americas
List of stock exchanges in the Commonwealth of Nations
References
Economy of the Bahamas
Financial services companies of the Bahamas
Stock exchanges in the Caribbean
1999 establishments in the Bahamas
Nassau, Bahamas |
5377119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral%20district%20of%20Albert%20Park | Electoral district of Albert Park | The electoral district of Albert Park is one of the electoral districts of Victoria, Australia, for the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers an area of in inner suburban Melbourne, and includes the suburbs of Albert Park, Middle Park, Port Melbourne, St Kilda West, Southbank, South Melbourne, South Wharf, and parts of St Kilda. It lies within the Southern Metropolitan Region of the upper house, the Legislative Council.
It was first proclaimed in 1889, and has been held by the Labor Party without interruption since the 1950 election.
John Thwaites was the member from 1992 to 2007, serving as deputy leader of Victorian Labor from 1996 to 2007 and as Deputy Premier of Victoria from 1999 to 2007. He and Premier Steve Bracks, the member for neighbouring Williamstown, both resigned on 30 July 2007. A by-election was held on 15 September 2007, which resulted in Martin Foley retaining the seat for Labor.
Members for Albert Park
Election results
External links
Electorate profile: Albert Park District, Victorian Electoral Commission
References
Electoral districts of Victoria (Australia)
1889 establishments in Australia |
4041186 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Reid%20%28soccer%2C%20born%201979%29 | Paul Reid (soccer, born 1979) | Paul James Reid (born 6 July 1979) is an Australian international footballer who plays as a player coach midfielder for Rockdale City Suns in the NSW Premier League.
Reid previously played for Wollongong Wolves during championship winning seasons before moving to England where he played for six years with Bradford City and Brighton & Hove Albion before returning to Australia.
Reid has made two appearances for the Australian national team.
Early life
Born in Sydney, Australia, Reid started his youth career at Marconi Stallions alongside Socceroos, Harry Kewell and Brett Emerton in the same U-13 team and was quickly noted for his talents.
Club career
Reid went on to begin his senior football career in Australia for Wollongong Wolves in 1998. He became a cult hero during his time at the Wollongong Wolves after scoring the last minute equaliser in the 2000 grand final against Perth Glory. The Wolves went on to win the game 7–6 on penalties. In 2002, Reid moved to England and joined Bradford City, but only stayed for one season before joining Brighton & Hove Albion in 2003.
Reid had usually played in the right-back position in defence for the Seagulls, but the player has stated his preferred position is in the centre of midfield. Near the start of the 2006–07 season, Reid suffered a serious knee injury which saw him sidelined for nearly a year, but the player did return for the start of the 2007–08 pre-season. On 6 May 2008, it was confirmed that Reid, along with experienced trio Kerry Mayo, Gary Hart and Guy Butters were to be released from the club. On 11 July 2008, Reid began training with Hereford United in a bid to win a new contract.
Adelaide United
He was expected to sign with Perth Glory for the 2008–09 A-League season, but instead signed with Adelaide United on a two-year deal. He won a call up to the national-team squad in October 2008 along with Adelaide United teammates Scott Jamieson, Robert Cornthwaite and Eugene Galeković. Despite usually playing in a deep midfield role Reid has created a number of assists from both open play and set pieces. He scored his first goal for the club in a 1–1 draw against Wellington Phoenix at Westpac Stadium on 18 January 2009.
Melbourne Heart
Reid signed a short-term end of season contract with Melbourne Heart as injury cover during the 2012 January transfer window.
INSEE Police United
On 9 March, Reid agreed with a short-term contract with INSEE Police United. He arrived in Thailand on 11 March.
Sydney FC
In early 2011, Reid had asked former club Adelaide United for a release to join hometown club Sydney FC for their 2011 Asian Champions League campaign, resulting in a bitter fallout between himself and then manager Rini Coolen who would not release him until season's end. In September 2012, it was announced that Reid was on trial with Sydney FC, taking part in two of their pre-season matches against A-League opposition before eventually signing a 1-year deal to join the Sky Blues beginning on 1 October 2012. However, as a result of Sydney FC failing to qualify for the A-League finals, Reid, along with teammates Nathan Sherlock, Krunoslav Lovrek, Trent McClenahan, Adam Griffiths and Jarrod Kyle were released by Sydney FC at the conclusion of the 2012-13 A-League season.
Rockdale City Suns
After being released as a player from Sydney FC, Reid signed for Rockdale City Suns in the NSW Premier League. However, he also still works for Sydney FC as a Community Football Officer.
International career
Reid made his senior international debut for the Socceroos on 28 January 2009 in an AFC Asian Cup qualifying match versus Indonesia.
Coaching career
Following Branko Culina departure from the managers position at Rockdale, following a poor start to the 2015 NPL, Reid was announced as Rockdale City Suns new coach, a position which he would combine with playing duty when required. Reid led Rockdale to the Round of 16 of the 2015 FFA Cup against A-League club Melbourne Victory at Jubilee Oval. Despite a valiant comeback, Melbourne would win 3-2 and go on to win the overall competition.
Career statistics
Honours
Club
Wollongong Wolves
NSL Championship: 1999–2000, 2000–01
Oceania Club Championship: 2000–01
References
External links
Adelaide United profile
OzFootball profile
1979 births
Living people
Sportsmen from New South Wales
Soccer players from Sydney
Association football midfielders
Expatriate footballers in Thailand
Australian expatriate soccer players
Australia international soccer players
A-League Men players
National Soccer League (Australia) players
English Football League players
Macarthur Rams FC players
Adelaide United FC players
Melbourne City FC players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Wollongong Wolves FC players
Paul Reid
Sydney FC players
Rockdale City Suns FC players
National Premier Leagues players
Australian soccer players |
4041199 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If%20You%20Have%20to%20Ask | If You Have to Ask | "If You Have to Ask" is a song by the Red Hot Chili Peppers from their 1991 studio album Blood Sugar Sex Magik. It was released as the album's fifth and final single in 1993.
A music video was made, but merely consists of live footage of the band from a 1992 show at the Winter Show Buildings in Wellington, New Zealand overdubbed with the original album track. The video is notable because it is one of only two videos to feature guitarist Arik Marshall ("Breaking the Girl" being the other). The video was rarely aired on music television and the song along with the video was not featured on the band's Greatest Hits album. Like the song "Aeroplane" from their 1995 album One Hot Minute, it was one of the two music videos from the Warner era not available on their official app.
The verses of the song consist of a scratchy, minimalist funk lick played on the guitar, with a busier bass melody playing behind it. The lyrics in the verses are a stream of consciousness style run of non-sequiturs, which the chorus then explains by stating "If you have to ask, you'll never know". While guitarist John Frusciante finishes the solo at the end of the song, the production crew and the band can be heard applauding him. However, no attempts were made to edit out the applause or to re-record it like with all other unintended sounds found on the album.
Live performances
"If You Have to Ask" has been performed on every tour since 1991.
Track listing
CD single (1993)
"If You Have to Ask" (edit)
"If You Have to Ask" (Disco Krisco Mix)
"If You Have to Ask" (Scott And Garth Mix)
"Give It Away" (In Progress)
12" single (1993)
"If You Have to Ask" (Disco Krisco Mix)
"If You Have to Ask" (album)
"If You Have to Ask" (Friday Night Fever Blister Mix)
"Give It Away" (In Progress)
Personnel
Red Hot Chili Peppers
Anthony Kiedis - lead vocals
John Frusciante - guitar, synthesizer, backing vocals
Flea - bass, backing vocals
Chad Smith - drums, tambourine
References
Red Hot Chili Peppers songs
1991 songs
1993 singles
Song recordings produced by Rick Rubin
Songs written by Flea (musician)
Songs written by John Frusciante
Songs written by Anthony Kiedis
Songs written by Chad Smith |
4041200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geldanamycin | Geldanamycin | Geldanamycin is a 1,4-benzoquinone ansamycin antitumor antibiotic that inhibits the function of Hsp90 (Heat Shock Protein 90) by binding to the unusual ADP/ATP-binding pocket of the protein. HSP90 client proteins play important roles in the regulation of the cell cycle, cell growth, cell survival, apoptosis, angiogenesis and oncogenesis.
Geldanamycin induces the degradation of proteins that are mutated or overexpressed in tumor cells such as v-Src, Bcr-Abl, p53, and ERBB2. This effect is mediated via HSP90. Despite its potent antitumor potential, geldanamycin presents several major drawbacks as a drug candidate such as hepatotoxicity, further, Jilani et al.. reported that geldanamycin induces the apoptosis of erythrocytes under physiological concentrations. These side effects have led to the development of geldanamycin analogues, in particular analogues containing a derivatisation at the 17 position:
17-AAG
17-DMAG
Biosynthesis
Geldanamycin was originally discovered in the organism Streptomyces hygroscopicus. It is a macrocyclic polyketide that is synthesized by a Type I polyketide synthase. The genes gelA, gelB, and gelC encode for the polyketide synthase. The PKS is first loaded with 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (AHBA). It then utilizes malonyl-CoA, methylmalonyl-CoA, and methoxymalonyl-CoA to synthesize the precursor molecule Progeldanamycin. This precursor is subjected to several enzymatic and non-enzymatic tailoring steps to produce the active molecule Geldanamycin, which include hydroxylation, o-methylation, carbamoylation, and oxidation.
Notes
References
External links
A comprehensive review about Geldanamycin, 17AAG and 17DMAG
Geldanamycin from Fermentek
Geldanamycin from Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation
Geldanamycin bound to proteins in the PDB
1,4-Benzoquinones
Carbamates
Lactams
Phenol ethers
Ethers
Secondary alcohols
Ansamycins |
4041205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walsall%20Anarchists | Walsall Anarchists | The Walsall Anarchists were a group of anarchists arrested on explosive charges in Walsall in 1892.
Recent research into police files has revealed that the bombings were instigated by Auguste Coulon, an agent provocateur of Special Branch Inspector William Melville, who would go on to become an early official of what became MI5.
Initial arrests
On 6 January 1892, an anarchist from Walsall named Joe Deakin was arrested on Tottenham Court Road, London, and the next day was charged with manufacturing bombs at the Great Marlborough Street Magistrates Court. Following the trial, a number of other anarchists including Victor Cails, Fred Charles, William Ditchfield, John Westley and Jean Battola, were also arrested and jointly charged with manufacturing explosives. When they first appeared at the police court in Walsall, the prosecution asked for the defendants to be remanded for a week, claiming that "[t]he authorities both in Walsall and London had received very important information with reference to what he might call a widespread conspiracy throughout the country."
Evidence
The evidence that was presented by the prosecution included a number of allegations that the defendants possessed materials for the construction of explosives:
Charles was accused of possessing plans written in French for the construction a bomb, as well as a model for an explosive bolt and a French manifesto written by Cails called The Means of Emancipation, which included a call to manufacture and use explosives.
Cails was accused of possessing a fuse and several French Anarchist publications, one of which was L'International issue 7, which detailed instructions for the manufacture of explosives and how to use them in the demolition of buildings.
Ditchfield was accused of having a plaster cast for building a bomb in his workshop, an explosive bolt in his home and an amount of clay (mixed together with hair) in the Socialist Club's basement.
All six were remanded in custody, although no explosives were actually found and there was no evidence as regards the other three defendants.
Subsequent arrests and confessions
Under the false belief that Charles was an informant, Deakin made a confession. However, his confession also implicated Auguste Coulon, a French anarchist, who worked as an assistant in the school set up by Louise Michel in order to educate foreign socialists' children in London. He was also involved in trying to organise chemistry classes and translating and circulating information about bomb making. The police also arrested a Swiss inventor called Cavargna, the inventor of a number of small explosives that were used to exterminate rabbits in Australia, who was released from jail after two days. A further person named McCormack, who had been recently expelled from the socialist club in Walsall, offered to become an informant for the police, who soon decided he was unreliable. He went to Birmingham where he sold his story to the newspaper for drinking money. After being arrested under charges of public intoxication, he promptly declared in court next day that the police had employed him to fabricate evidence against the Walsall Anarchists. Charles Mowbray and David Nicoll were soon also arrested on conspiracy charges.
Following his release, Nicoll was raising money for the Walsall anarchists when, by chance, Coulon's brother let slip that Coulon himself was a police agent. The defence brought up the situation at the police court and gave Coulon's address asking why he had not been arrested as well. After Nicoll had set up an anarchist defence fund, Edward Carpenter set up one which raised money in socialist circles. Their different political outlook was especially noticeable as regards to what extent they felt the whole trial was a case of police provocation.
Atmosphere of the trial and conviction
The case aroused media attention, particularly around two texts: the Means of Emancipation and The Anarchist Feast at The Operathe latter described how the maximum amount of damage could be done to an opera house by rupturing its gas supply and leaving incendiary devices in the seats, while the miscreant could make their escape. Following three bombings in Paris, the correspondent for The Times made the connection: 'Anarchists should not be regarded as members of a political party, and it should not be possible for an Anarchist to hurry away from Paris to find an asylum in Brussels, in Geneva or in London.' Ravachol was arrested for two of these bombings, and promptly made a confession.
The climate of the trial was not conducive to a sober consideration of the factsThe Anarchist Feast at The Opera was read out as if it were the views of the defendants. The defense did not argue that it was a police plot. Charles, Cails and Battola were found guilty, Deakin was also found guilty but the jury recommended that the judge grant him mercy, while Westley and Ditchfield were found not guilty. Those found guilty were allowed to make a statement, whereupon the first three stated they thought it was a police plot. Charles, Battola and Cails were each sentenced to ten years in prison, while Deakin was sentenced to five years. Although the judge denied he was punishing them for being anarchists, The Times was more to the point:
'Alas! Alas! Ten years for Charles, it is too bad. An evil conscience makes them cowards.' wrote Edward Carpenter following the trial.
References
1892 in England
Anarchist organisations in the United Kingdom
History of Staffordshire
Victorian era
People of the Victorian era
Walsall
19th-century English people |
5377125 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Hled%C3%ADk | Jiří Hledík | Jiří Hledík (19 April 1929 – 25 April 2015) was a Czech football defender. He played for Czechoslovakia, for which he played 28 matches and scored one goal.
He was a participant in the 1954 FIFA World Cup where he played in the match against Uruguay.
In his country he played for Sparta Prague and FC Hradec Králové.
References
1929 births
2015 deaths
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
AC Sparta Prague players
Dukla Prague footballers
FC Hradec Králové players
Association football defenders
1954 FIFA World Cup players
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Sportspeople from Pardubice
Křídla vlasti Olomouc players |
5377133 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan%20B.%20Campbell | Duncan B. Campbell | Duncan B. Campbell is a scholar of Greek and Roman warfare. He published his first paper in 1984, as an undergraduate at Glasgow University (Scotland), and produced a complete re-assessment of Roman siegecraft for his PhD. Besides academic articles, he has written several popular books about ancient warfare, chiefly siegecraft, published by Osprey Publishing. He is a regular contributor to Ancient Warfare magazine and a frequent reviewer for Bryn Mawr Classical Review. He has published a new edition, with English translation, of the Roman military source known as the Liber de munitionibus castrorum.
References
External links
Duncan B Campbell's website
Author's page at Academia
Author's page at Good Reads
Author biography at Osprey Publishing
Reviews at Bryn Mawr Classical Review
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of the University of Glasgow |
4041207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20Action%20Canada | Transport Action Canada | Transport Action Canada is a non-profit, consumer-based organization that promotes sustainable transport through advocacy and education. It is concerned with all modes of public transport, such as passenger train service, aviation including air safety, and urban transit.
The association functions as a citizen-based advocacy group, compared to transport industry based bodies such as the Railway Association of Canada or the Canadian Urban Transit Association.
Activities
The association regularly communicates with government and industry officials to promote sustainable transport views, including Transport Canada and elected officials of all government levels.
Canadian news media agencies frequently interview Transport 2000 Canada officials on transportation matters.
History
The organization was founded as Transport 2000 Canada in 1976 following concerns about the future of passenger trains in Canada. Passenger train service in Canada had declined in the latter 20th century as train routes were being eliminated by Canadian National Railway and Canadian Pacific Railway.
In 1993, Transport 2000 became one of seven Canadian non-for-profit organisations supported by The Samuel and Saidye Bronfman Family Foundation's Urban Issues program.
The association continued to monitor and address developments in the national passenger transportation system, especially since the 1978 formation of Via Rail Canada to provide national passenger train service.
The association later formed its Air Passenger Safety Group, especially prompted by the September 1998 Swissair Flight 111 disaster off the Nova Scotia coastline.
Urban transit is an increasingly important topic addressed by the national and regional associations of the organization. The organization's support for the O-Train pilot project (today's Trillium Line) was a significant factor in returning rail transit service to Ottawa in 2001. Transport Action Canada has since been critical of the subsequent plans to develop the North-South Light Rail Transit line, citing the proposals to combine the downtown train with bus congestion, disruption to existing O-Train travel (today's Trillium Line) during the line's construction, and longer-term viability of the proposed North-South route.
National office facilities for Transport Action Canada are located in Ottawa, Ontario.
The association has been a contributor to the development of aviation regulation, particularly as it relates to airline passengers, though Transport Canada's Canadian Aviation Regulation Advisory Council (CARAC) process.
Organization
Transport Action Canada is composed as a federation of the following like-minded regional associations:
Transport Action Atlantic
(Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island)
Transport Action British Columbia
(British Columbia)
Transport Action Ontario
(Ontario)
Transport Action Prairies
(Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan)
Transport Action Quebec
(Quebec)
Publications
The organization publishes a newsletter titled Transport Action which provides news and opinion on topical transportation matters. This is published six times per year and primarily distributed to its members.
Members of Transport Action Canada are often members of one or more of the affiliated regional associations which often publish their own newsletters.
A bulletin of transport-related news is also produced on an approximately weekly basis. This "hotline" is published on the association's official website.
See also
Campaign for Better Transport (United Kingdom) (formerly known as Transport 2000)
Canadian Urban Transit Association
:Category:Transportation companies of Canada
List of urban transit advocacy organisations
National Association of Railroad Passengers
Transportation in Canada
Via Rail Canada
References
External links
Transport Action Canada (official website)
Transport Action Quebec (regional association website)
Transport 2000 Quebec history (in French)
Public transport in Canada
Transport associations in Canada
Aviation in Canada
Political advocacy groups in Canada
Public transport advocacy organizations |
5377158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1clav%20N%C4%9Bme%C4%8Dek | Václav Němeček | Václav Němeček (born 25 January 1967 in Hradec Králové) is a Czech former professional footballer. He played for Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic. As a combined total for both national teams, he played 60 matches and scored 6 goals.
He was a participant in the 1990 FIFA World Cup. He played for FC Hradec Králové, AC Sparta Prague, Toulouse FC, Servette Geneva and Dalian Wanda FC.
Honours
Sparta Prague
Czechoslovak First League: 1986-87, 1987-88, 1988-89, 1989-90, 1990-91
Gambrinus liga: 1997–98
Czechoslovak Cup: 1988, 1989, 1992
Dalian Wanda FC
Chinese Jia-A League: 1998
References
External links
Living people
1967 births
Sportspeople from Hradec Králové
Association football midfielders
Czech footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dual internationalists (football)
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in France
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
FC Hradec Králové players
AC Sparta Prague players
Toulouse FC players
Ligue 1 players
Servette FC players
Swiss Super League players
Dalian Shide F.C. players
Czech First League players
1990 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 1996 players
Expatriate footballers in China
Czechoslovak expatriate footballers
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in France
Czech expatriate sportspeople in France
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Czech expatriate sportspeople in China |
5377168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opus%20emplectum | Opus emplectum | Opus emplectum is an advanced Roman construction technique. Each side of a wall is constructed with finished stone blocks, leaving a substantial void between them. The void is filled with a mixture of broken stones mixed with mortar. A good example of this technique are the ruins of the Romanesque tower in Strzelno.
References
Roman construction techniques
Masonry |
4041208 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Hills%20Region | Red Hills Region | The Red Hills or Tallahassee Hills is a region of gently rolling hills in the southeastern United States. It is a geomorphic region and an ecoregion.
Location
The Red Hills physiographic region of northern Florida was defined in 1914 as most of Leon County north of the Cody Scarp, and small portions of southernmost Grady and Thomas counties in Georgia. The original tree cover of the region was a shortleaf pine-oak-hickory woodland with deep sandy clay soil. A wider definition of the Red Hills Region includes Jefferson County, Florida north of the Cody Scarp and the southern portions of Grady and Thomas counties in Georgia. This larger region consists of about that is bounded by the Aucilla River on the east and northeast, by the Ochlockonee River on the west and northwest, and by the Cody Scarp on the south. The Red Hills physiographic region is part of the Tallahassee Hills/Valdosta Limesink ecoregion, which extends across northern Florida and southern Georgia from the Apalachicola River to the vicinity of Valdosta, Georgia.
A wider Red Hills section of Florida has been defined as extending along the Alabama and Georgia borders, including, from east to west, Madison, Jefferson, Leon, Gadsden and Jackson counties.
There is a Red Hills Physiographic Province in south central Alabama.
History
The area was first settled by Paleo-Indians in and around the various lakes in the southern part of the Red Hills. The Apalachee were found here in the 16th century, and were almost annihilated through wars, disease, and slavery. In the 18th century, the Seminoles made the Red Hills their home until the early 19th century and the Seminole Wars.
Also in the 19th century, white settlers began cotton plantations, which thrived until the Civil War. At one time, Leon County, Florida, was the 5th largest producer of cotton among all counties in Georgia and Florida. After the Civil War, many of the Red Hills' plantations became winter homes and quail hunting plantations for wealthy northerners; the area between Thomasville and Tallahassee is still home to dozens of such plantations, such as Greenwood, Pebble Hill, and Goodwood.
Geography
Rolling hills, ravines and gullies covered by forests and the large lakes of Lake Jackson, Lake Iamonia, Lake Miccosukee, Lake Lafayette, and Lake Talquin. The highest point in the Red Hills is north of Tallahassee by . The soil is red clay deposited during the last ice age from the Appalachian Mountains. Rivers running through the Red Hills Region are the Aucilla River, Ochlockonee River, and Telogia Creek. The St. Marks River is subterranean until it meets the surface in the Woodville Karst Plain.
Flora and fauna
Trees
The area is covered in a number of native species. There are a variety of oak including southern live oak, water oak, laurel oak, white oak, overcup oak, post oak, black oak as well as other hardwood trees such as American sweetgum, a variety of magnolia, as well as hickory, flowering dogwood, red maple, and redbud. Conifers are also abundant, including shortleaf pine, and loblolly pine. The Red Hills are home to some of the last remnants of the great longleaf pine forests remaining in the nation.
Animal life
The Red Hills Region supports the northern bobwhite quail, white-tailed deer, red fox, raccoon, eastern gray squirrel, nine-banded armadillo, black bear, migratory bird, federally endangered red-cockaded woodpecker, gopher tortoise, eastern diamondback rattlesnake, eastern tiger salamander, and many other animals and plants.
Features
The Red Hills Region serves as one of the highest recharge areas for the Floridan aquifer — which is critical to the drinking water supply for residents of Florida, Georgia, and Alabama. The Red Hills Region also has the largest concentration of undeveloped plantation lands in the United States. The Red Hills has been identified for special conservation efforts, and The Nature Conservancy has designated the Red Hills as one of America's "Last Great Places."
Namesake event
Each spring, the equestrian community meets for the Red Hills Horse Trials, an Olympics qualifying event held at Elinor Klapp-Phipps Park.
References
Regions of Florida
Regions of Georgia (U.S. state) |
5377176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSD%20disklabel | BSD disklabel | In BSD-derived computer operating systems (including NetBSD, OpenBSD, FreeBSD and DragonFly BSD) and in related operating systems such as SunOS, a disklabel is a record stored on a data storage device such as a hard disk that contains information about the location of the partitions on the disk. Disklabels were introduced in the 4.3BSD-Tahoe release. Disklabels are usually edited using the utility. In later versions of FreeBSD, this was renamed as .
History
In historic Bell Labs and BSD Unix releases, disk partitioning was fixed, compiled into each device driver at the time the kernel was compiled. The fixed partitions overlapped, allowing the disk to be used with different layouts by careful selection of a non-overlapping subset of the partitions. This was not originally viewed as a problem because there were only a small number of disk drives supported by each driver, and Unix only ran on one vendor's hardware.
The introduction of standardized disk interfaces — SMD, ESDI and SCSI — and a substantial market in third-party controllers and drives resulted in significant inconvenience, since a Unix system's operators would have to recompile the kernel in order to add an appropriate partition layout for every different disk they attached to a system. This also presented a problem for commercially licensed Unix vendors, as support engineers would have to recompile the kernel before installing upgrades on a customer's machine. For the 4.3-Tahoe release, which supported a non-Digital Equipment Corporation platform, the CCI Power 6/32, Berkeley implemented a new partitioning scheme based on an on-disk data structure and the disklabel(8) command. (Such on-disk partition maps were already well-known on other operating systems, and only the specific format, not the fact of partition labels generally, was invented by Berkeley.)
Where disklabels are stored
Traditionally, the disklabel was embedded in the first-stage bootstrap loader, in the first sector or track of the disk, where the computer's firmware expected a boot loader to be. Having the label embedded in the boot loader meant that the loader did not itself need to contain code to locate and read the label from the disk. However, this system only works when the computer firmware simply loads and executes the boot loader without attempting to determine whether it is valid. In the world of IBM PC compatibles, disks are usually partitioned using the PC BIOS's master boot record (MBR) Partition Table scheme instead, and the BSD partitioning scheme is nested within a single, primary, MBR partition (just as the "extended" partitioning scheme is nested within a single primary partition with extended boot records). Sometimes (particularly in FreeBSD), the primary MBR partitions are referred to as slices and the subdivisions of a primary MBR partition (for the nested BSD partitioning scheme) that are described by its disklabel are called partitions. The BSD disklabel is contained within the volume boot record of its primary MBR partition.
The MBR partition IDs for primary partitions that are subdivided using BSD disklabels are (386BSD and FreeBSD), (OpenBSD), (NetBSD), and (DragonFly BSD).
This format has a similar goal as the extended partitions and logical partition system used by MS-DOS, Windows and Linux.
The same PC hard drive can have both BSD disklabel partitions and the MS-DOS type logical partitions in separate primary partitions. FreeBSD and other BSD operating systems can access both the BSD disklabel subdivided partition and the MS-DOS type Extended/Logical partitions.
The contents of disklabels
BSD disklabels traditionally contain 8 entries for describing partitions. These are, by convention, labeled alphabetically, 'a' through to 'h'. Some BSD variants have since increased this to 16 partitions, labeled 'a' through to 'p'.
Also by convention, partitions 'a', 'b', and 'c' have fixed meanings:
Partition 'a' is the "root" partition, the volume from which the operating system is bootstrapped. The boot code in the Volume Boot Record containing the disklabel is thus simplified, as it need only look in one fixed location to find the location of the boot volume;
Partition 'b' is the "swap" partition;
Partition 'c' overlaps all of the other partitions and describes the entire disk. Its start and length are fixed. On systems where the disklabel co-exists with another partitioning scheme (such as on PC hardware), partition 'c' may actually only extend to an area of disk allocated to the BSD operating system, and partition 'd' is used to cover the whole physical disk.
See also
Master Boot Record (MBR)
Extended Boot Record (EBR)
GUID Partition Table (GPT)
Boot Engineering Extension Record (BEER)
Apple Partition Map (APM)
Rigid Disk Block (RDB)
References
Further reading
BSD software
Disk partitions
Unix file system technology |
5377181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowfant%20railway%20station | Rowfant railway station | Rowfant was a railway station on the Three Bridges to Tunbridge Wells Central Line in the parish of Worth, West Sussex. The line closed in 1967, a casualty of the Beeching Axe. The route of the railway line cut a path through the estate of Curtis Miranda Lampson, a wealthy American fur trader and vice-chairman of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, who agreed to sell his land cheaply to the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LBSCR) on condition that a station be provided, together with the right to stop trains on request. Apart from Lampson's Rowfant House the only other nearby residence was Worth Hall owned by John Nix, an LBSCR director. At Lampson's request a shelter was provided for his coachmen. Before and during World War Two an Air Force Reserve Storage Depot, was constructed adjacent to the station and railway line.
Train services
Rowfant, initially the only intermediate station between Three Bridges and East Grinstead, saw an initial service of six passenger trains per day, with two on Sundays. By 1859 this had increased to nine services with one early morning goods train, and four Sunday services. The opening of another intermediate station in 1860, Grange Road, saw passenger trains cut to six on weekdays. An additional siding and crossover were provided in 1878, the siding serving a nearby brickworks. The station was further enlarged in 1900-1901 when it became a crossing station with a new 500 ft. Up platform and footbridge. In 1906 the introduction of new motor carriages led to an increase in weekday services.
Closure
Nevertheless, Rowfant saw very little passenger traffic and jointly held with Kingscote the record for the least revenue for passenger journeys on the LBSCR. Although it saw a brief revival in terms of freight traffic when Gatwick Airport opened in the late 1950s and jet fuel was stored in the Petroleum Storage Depot, its days were numbered and it closed with the rest of the line in January 1967 under the programme of closures put forward by local resident and British Rail Chairman, Richard Beeching.
The site today
Today the majority of the station survives, with the station site and goods yard occupied by a company producing road-building materials, Colas Limited. The station building, stationmaster's house and part of the Down platform survive. The Worth Way, a public footpath following the line of the railway, runs alongside the north face of the station building which is currently disused with its windows and doorways bricked up.
Former fuel storage depot
Originally constructed by Shell-Mex & BP as an Air Force Reserve Depot during the war in two phases in 1938–9 and 1943–4 with two sites. Three 4,000 ton, ten 900 ton, one 450 ton white oil tanks; two 250 ton and two 500 ton lube oil tanks. Semi-buried fuel and lube oil tanks were built on both sides of the East Grinstead/Rowfant Railway Station road. there were road loading facilities for white and lube oils and a rail gantry about 300 metres east of the depot on sidings at the railway station. The site was handed over by the Air Ministry to the Ministry of Power in 1959. It was declared surplus in 1982, demolished in 1991 and sold in 1999.
See also
List of closed railway stations in Britain
References
External links
Map showing Rowfant
Disused railway stations in West Sussex
Former London, Brighton and South Coast Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1855
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1967
Beeching closures in England |
5377183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renyel%20Pinto | Renyel Pinto | 'Renyel Eligio Pinto Cumache (born July 8, 1982) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball pitcher. He played for the Florida Marlins of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).
Career
Chicago Cubs
In , Pinto was named the Cubs' minor league pitcher of the year, after going 11–8 with a Southern League-leading 2.92 ERA while pitching for the Double-A West Tenn Diamond Jaxx. He earned mid-season and post-season SL All-Star honors and was promoted to the Triple-A Iowa Cubs.
Florida Marlins
Pinto was acquired by Florida, along with pitchers Sergio Mitre and Ricky Nolasco, in the trade that sent outfielder Juan Pierre to the Chicago Cubs in .
In four scoreless innings for the Marlins in , Pinto struck out three and allowed two hits before being optioned to the Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes on May 30. He was called back up to the major leagues when the teams expanded to their 40-man rosters.
In , Pinto made his mark in the Marlins bullpen being used as a very good situational lefty early in the season. He excelled against lefties and was difficult on righties with his improving changeup.
In , Pinto stepped back into his situational lefty role, but he has been used many times as a multi-inning reliever and was even considered for a rotation spot during spring training. He has excelled during this season in all the roles he's been used in.
St. Louis Cardinals
On June 23, 2010, Pinto was released by the Florida Marlins after being designated for assignment and signed with the St. Louis Cardinals. On August 21, 2010, the Cardinals released him.
Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks
Pinto signed with the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball for the 2012 season. He was released on April 11, 2012.
Diablos Rojos del Mexico
On April 18, 2014, Pinto signed with the Diablos Rojos del Mexico of the Mexican Baseball League. He was released on May 3, 2014.
Piratas de Campeche
On April 20, 2022, Pinto signed with the Piratas de Campeche of the Mexican League, after nearly 8 years out of professional baseball. He made 5 bullpen appearances and registered a 7.94 ERA. Pinto was released on May 9, 2022.
See also
List of Major League Baseball players from Venezuela
References
External links
1982 births
Living people
Albuquerque Isotopes players
Arizona League Cubs players
Caribes de Anzoátegui players
Caribes de Oriente players
Daytona Cubs players
Diablos Rojos del México players
Florida Marlins players
Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks players
Iowa Cubs players
Jupiter Hammerheads players
Lansing Lugnuts players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball players from Venezuela
Memphis Redbirds players
Mexican League baseball pitchers
New Orleans Zephyrs players
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
People from Miranda (state)
Tiburones de La Guaira players
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in Japan
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in the United States
West Tennessee Diamond Jaxx players |
5377188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livesey%20Museum%20for%20Children | Livesey Museum for Children | The Livesey Museum for Children was in the Old Kent Road, within the London Borough of Southwark, London, England.
The Livesey Museum was one of very few children's museums in the United Kingdom, which used to show a completely new hands-on exhibition every year. Each exhibition was suitable for all children under 12, and admission was free. It was hosted in a former public library on Old Kent Road in Southwark and was funded by Southwark Council.
Exhibitions explored such themes as Shelter, Energy, and Myths & Legends. The museum had no permanent collection, but each exhibition features objects and artwork on loan from Southwark Council's historic collections.
Closure
In February 2008 Southwark Council voted to close the museum and it was planned to close to the public on 1 March 2008. The decision was due to budget cuts despite the popularity and success of the Museum. After a brief campaign to persuade the Council to keep it open, a campaign group which subsequently became a registered charity, the Friends of the Livesey Museum for Children, were proposing to form a trust, to raise funds and to run it for the community.
In April 2008 Southwark Council has now accepted that the building was covenanted and owned by a trust not by the Council itself. It is possible that the Council had been in breach of the trust by opening the building as a children's museum in 1974 after it had closed as a public library in 1966, although there is no legal distinction between a free museum or a library. This trusteeship also meant that Southwark would not be able to sell the building.
At least two organisations proposed to run the building including the Friends charity who submitted a proposal underwritten by Novas Scarman. Southwark Council voted to let the building to Theatre Peckham. Southwark needed the approval of the Charity Commission to change the trust deed to allow its use as a theatre rehearsal space rather than a public library. A scheme was proposed in 2009, but subsequently failed to raise sufficient funds to be implemented.
, the building was occupied by a group of squatters. Since then, the building has become part of an authorised "guardian scheme", whereby temporary residents provide security.
Future plans for the building
In November 2012, Southwark Council approved Treasure House (London) CIC as preferred partners in the running of the Livesey Building. Treasure House proposed to use the building to provide education for children aged 13–19 who cannot access mainstream education, in addition to offering the local community educational and cultural programmes.
History
According to the Livesey Building FAQ:
"The Livesey building was bequeathed by George Livesey, a local benefactor, to the Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museums for the Parish of Camberwell in 1890. It was given as a free public library and operated until 1966 when the then council relocated its library provision to a nearby site and the building closed to the public."
The building itself is Grade II listed. A statue of Livesey by Frederick Pomeroy, which was previously located at Livesey's nearby gas works, is in the grounds of the former museum. The statue is also Grade II listed.
References
External links
Livesey Museum website (archived link)
Friends website
Treasure House London website
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Southwark
Children's museums in the United Kingdom
Defunct museums in London
Museums established in 1974
Museums disestablished in 2008
Museums in the London Borough of Southwark |
5377202 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan%20Lewis%20%28newsreader%29 | Dan Lewis (newsreader) | Dan Lewis (born December 19, 1949) is a former long-time co-anchor and reporter for KOMO-TV in Seattle, Washington.
He came to KOMO-TV in 1987 after working for two years as a co-anchor and reporter at WJLA-TV in Washington, D.C.. Before that, he had worked as a co-anchor and reporter at WISN-TV in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from 1982 until 1985, a co-anchor and reporter at WLKY-TV in Louisville, Kentucky from 1979 until 1982 and as a co-anchor and reporter at KTBS-TV in Shreveport, Louisiana from 1977 to 1978. His career began in radio in Chicago, Illinois after graduating from Southern Illinois University Carbondale.
Alongside his co-anchor and reporter Kathi Goertzen, weather forecaster Steve Pool and sports reporter Eric Johnson, they were the third longest-running tenure out of any anchor team in the United States west of the Mississippi River. Until his retirement in 2014, Lewis served as co-anchor for the weekday editions of KOMO 4 News at 6:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. with Mary Nam. After multiple surgeries for aggressive recurring meningiomas, Goertzen died on August 13, 2012.
On May 21, 2014, Lewis retired from the anchor desk, but he will return from time to time for special projects.
In 2002, Lewis and several other KOMO-TV staff members made cameo appearances in the movie Life or Something Like It, which starred Angelina Jolie and Edward Burns. He also briefly appeared in the remake of the 1984 film Red Dawn starring Chris Hemsworth, Josh Peck, Josh Hutcherson, Adrianne Palicki, Isabel Lucas, and Jeffrey Dean Morgan.
Personal life
Dan has three children: Dan Jr., Kristian, and Tim. Tim is the only child to go into broadcasting school and he was formerly weekend sports anchor for KIMA 29 – KEPR 19 in Yakima/Tri-Cities from 2004 to 2006. Tim was formerly also weekend sports anchor for KREM 2 in Spokane from September 2006 – December 2008, then sports director from January 2009 – May 2012, which Dan's co-worker Eric Johnson held from 1987 to 1989. From May 2012 to June 2016, Tim was the weekend sports anchor/weekday reporter for KOMO-TV, which made him and his dad Dan the second father/son duo on the same TV station, after rival station KIRO-TV former chief meteorologists Harry and Andy Wappler, before Dan retired from the KOMO 4 anchor desk in May 2014.
References
External links
Bio page for Dan Lewis at KOMO-TV's website
American television journalists
Daytime Emmy Award winners
Living people
Television anchors from Seattle
1950 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
American male journalists |
4041214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring%20Grove%20Cemetery | Spring Grove Cemetery | Spring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum () is a nonprofit rural cemetery and arboretum located at 4521 Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio. It is the third largest cemetery in the United States, after the Calverton National Cemetery and Abraham Lincoln National Cemetery and is recognized as a US National Historic Landmark.
History
The cemetery dates from 1844, when members of the Cincinnati Horticultural Society formed a cemetery association. They took their inspiration from contemporary rural cemeteries such as Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, and Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The numerous springs and groves suggested the name "Spring Grove". On December 1, 1844, Salmon P. Chase and others prepared the Articles of Incorporation. The cemetery was designed by Howard Daniels and formally chartered on January 21, 1845. The first burial took place on September 1, 1845.
In 1855, Adolph Strauch, a renowned landscape architect, was hired to beautify the grounds. His sense and layout of the "garden cemetery" made of lakes, trees and shrubs, is what visitors today still see. He created a more open landscape by setting limits on private enclosures and monument heights. The results of the redesign earned Strauch praise in the U.S. and abroad, including from Frederick Law Olmsted and the French landscape architect Edouard André. On March 29, 2007, the cemetery was designated a National Historic Landmark. The Spring Grove Cemetery Chapel is listed separately on the National Register of Historic Places.
On October 23, 2013, cemetery staff removed a large and potentially disturbing SpongeBob SquarePants headstone from the grave of U.S. Army Corporal Kimberly Walker and another for her still-living sister a day after her funeral. The family believed they had permission from a worker, whom management said had erred. In February 2014, both parties agreed to reinstate the statues with granite slabs largely hiding them from passersby.
Description
Spring Grove encompasses of which are currently landscaped and maintained. Its grounds include 12 ponds, many fine tombstones and memorials, and various examples of Gothic Revival architecture.
As of 2005, its National Champion trees were Cladrastis kentukea and Halesia diptera; its State Champion trees included Abies cilicica, Abies koreana, Cedrus libani, Chionanthus virginicus, Eucommia ulmoides, Halesia parvifolia, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Phellodendron amurense, Picea orientalis, Picea polita, Pinus flexilis, Pinus griffithi, Pinus monticola, Quercus cerris, Quercus nigra, Taxodium distichum, Ulmus serotina, and Zelkova serrata.
Notable burials
See also :Category:Burials at Spring Grove Cemetery.
Jacob Ammen, Civil War general
Nicholas Longworth Anderson, Civil War colonel
Joshua Hall Bates, Civil War general
Richard M. Bishop, Cincinnati Mayor and Ohio Governor
George K. Brady, United States Army officer. Briefly commander of the Department of Alaska
Emma Lucy Braun, botanist
Charles Elwood Brown, Civil War brevet brigadier general and U.S. Representative
Sidney Burbank, Civil War colonel
Jacob Burnet, US Senator
Samuel Fenton Cary, Congressman, prohibitionist
Kate Chase, daughter of Salmon Chase and Washington, D.C. Civil War socialite
Salmon P. Chase, Chief Justice of the United States
Henry M. Cist, Civil War brevet brigadier general
Levi Coffin, Quaker abolitionist
Arthur F. Devereux, Brevet Brigadier General during the Civil War; from Salem, Massachusetts
Daniel Drake, physician and writer
Charles L. Fleischmann, yeast manufacturer
Joseph Benson Foraker, Governor of Ohio, U.S. Senator, Judge, American Civil War Captain
Manning Force, Civil War Brevet Brigadier General, Medal of Honor recipient
James Gamble, co-founder of Procter & Gamble Company
Kenner Garrard, Civil War general
Heinie Groh, Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame third baseman
Theodore Sommers Henderson, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church
Andrew Hickenlooper, Civil War general
Joseph Hooker, Civil War general and commander of the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Chancellorsville
Waite Hoyt, professional baseball player; Hall of Fame pitcher
Miller Huggins, Hall of Fame baseball manager of New York Yankees during Babe Ruth era
Isaac M. Jordan, one of the seven founders of Sigma Chi Fraternity
John William Kilbreth, U.S. Army brigadier general during World War I
Bernard Kroger, founder of Kroger supermarkets
Alexander Long, Congressman
Nicholas Longworth, Father of American grape culture
Joseph Longworth, art collector and patron, son of Nicholas Longworth
Nicholas Longworth, American politician, Speaker of the US House of Representatives, grandson of Nicholas Longworth
William Haines Lytle, 19th century Ohio, general, politician, poet
Joseph Mason, artist, who was an uncredited assistant to John James Audubon in illustrating the Birds of America
Stanley Matthews, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court* Alexander McDowell McCook, Union army general
Charles Pettit McIlvaine, Episcopal bishop, author, educator and twice Chaplain of the United States Senate
John McLean, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
George Hunt Pendleton, Congressman and US Senator
Sarah Morgan Bryan Piatt, poet
William Procter, co-founder of Procter and Gamble
Skip Prosser, Wake Forest University men's basketball head coach at the time of his death, former assistant and head men's basketball coach at Xavier University
Henry Stanbery, Attorney General of the United States
Adolph Strauch, landscape architect, designer of Spring Grove Cemetery
Dudley Sutphin, Cincinnati attorney, judge and French Legion of Honor medal winner
Alphonso Taft, politician, father of President of the United States William Howard Taft
Charles Phelps Taft II, Mayor of Cincinnati and son of President William Howard Taft
Louise Taft, second wife of Alphonso Taft and mother of William Howard Taft
John Morgan Walden, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church
Godfrey Weitzel, Civil War general
Frances Wright, pioneering feminist, abolitionist, and freethinker
See also
List of botanical gardens and arboretums in the United States
List of National Historic Landmarks in Ohio
Notes
External links
Spring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum
Forty Civil War generals buried in Spring Grove Cemetery
Spring Grove Entrance
Arboreta in Ohio
Cemeteries in Cincinnati
Botanical gardens in Ohio
National Register of Historic Places in Cincinnati
National Historic Landmarks in Ohio
Protected areas of Hamilton County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Cincinnati
Gothic Revival architecture in Ohio
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Ohio
Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Ohio
Rural cemeteries |
5377203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20Gallery%20%28Hong%20Kong%29 | City Gallery (Hong Kong) | City Gallery is an exhibition centre about the planning and development of urban areas in Hong Kong. It is located at Edinburgh Place in Central, Victoria City. It is a public relations effort of the Planning Department of the Hong Kong government.
History
It was previously known as the Hong Kong Planning and Infrastructure Exhibition Gallery () and was set up in 2002 on the ground floor of the City Hall annex building as a temporary exhibition gallery, pending the establishment of a full-fledged permanent exhibition gallery which will occupy the entire City Hall Annex Building.
To make way for the refurbishment and expansion works at the City Hall Annex, the temporary gallery was relocated to the ground floor of the Murray Road Multi-storey Car Park in mid-2009 to maintain continuous services to the public.
The permanent gallery reopened in the City Hall annex building on 20th August 2012.
In 2019, the revamp work has been taken in place on the G/F, the 3rd Floor and the 4th Floor and was completed in May 2021.
Description
The gallery showcases the planning proposals and infrastructure projects of the Hong Kong Government. It's a building consists of fourth floors with various themes, showing numerous exhibits including Planning Eye, Hong Kong Next Century, Sustainable Hong Kong, Coastlines & Skylines and Hong Kong Now and Then etc. Interactive features and devices give visitors the latest information on planning and infrastructure developments in Hong Kong.
Admission is free of charge.
Route
Ground Floor
[Reception]
[Planning Eye]- looking at the journey of Hong Kong's planning and infrastructure development in a glimpse
[Great World Cities]- comparing basic information of Hong Kong and 10 other world cities through our interactive screen
[City Impression]- showcases 10 sustainable projects in different cities
[Unique Hong Kong]- video interviews of people about their impression towards our city
[Thematic Exhibition Area]- holding various types of exhibitions related to architecture
First Floor
[Unique Hong Kong]- displaying a collection of local unique features
[Living Environment]- our short video will present you numerous elements and principles related to a harmonious living environment
[Protecting Our Heritage]- our short video will present you numerous elements and principles related to a harmonious living environment
[Hong Kong Next Century]- - visions of future from people around the world
Second Floor
[Unique Hong Kong]- displaying a collection of local transportation features
[Strategic Picture]- introducing the visions and goals of Hong Kong's strategic spatial planning
[Strategic Infrastructure]- a hidden network of tunnels, cables and transportation infrastructure
[Transportation and Communications]- introduce Hong Kong transportation network
[Sustainable Hong Kong]- short videos about sustainable developments
Third Floor
[Theatre 1]- a double floor hall can be used as a thematic exhibition area
[Theatre 2]- a double floor hall can be used as a thematic exhibition area
[Planning Timeline]- displaying history of the Hong Kong infrastructure developments through our interactive screen
[Coastlines & Skylines]- visitors can witness the transformation of Hong Kong coastline since 1900
Fourth Floor
[Visionary Hong Kong 200]- photo exhibition presenting the history of the Hong Kong infrastructure development
[Hong Kong Now and Then]- with our motion sensor, visitors can study changes of various places in Hong Kong on our interactive screen
[Treasure Hunt]- with our motion sensor, visitors can study changes of various places in Hong Kong on our interactive screen
[Inclusive City]- the first Tactile and Audio system to be installed permanently in Hong Kong
Transportation
The gallery is accessible within walking distance West from Central station of MTR.
Patrons can reach the City Gallery by the following public transport services:
MTR: Admiralty Station B Exit, Central Station K Exit and Hong Kong Station A Exit
Ferry: Star Ferry
Bus:
New World First Bus (2, 13, 15, 18, 18P, 18X, 720, 720P)
Citybus (5X, 37B, 37X, 70, 70P, 260, 780, 788, 962P, 962S, 967, 969A)
Kowloon Motor Bus (619X)
New World First Bus and Citybus (115, 115P, 619, 619P, 680x, 690P)
Minibus: MiniBus (8, 9, 22, 22S, 54)
Tram: Hong Kong Tramways
See also
Architecture of Hong Kong
List of museums in Hong Kong
References
External links
Museums in Hong Kong
Central, Hong Kong
Urban planning museums |
5377209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wax%20palm | Wax palm | Wax palm can refer to several species of palms, including:
The genus Ceroxylon, particularly Ceroxylon quindiuense
Copernicia alba
Copernicia prunifera, the carnauba wax palm
Cyrtostachys renda, the red candle-wax palm |
5377214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaroslav%20Netoli%C4%8Dka | Jaroslav Netolička | Jaroslav Netolička (born 3 March 1954, in Opava) is a Czech football goalkeeper. He obtained a total number of fifteen caps for Czechoslovakia national football team, in which he conceded ten goals.
Netolička began his playing career with Dukla Prague and TJ Vítkovice.
He was a participant in the 1980 Olympic Games, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal, and in the 1980 UEFA European Championship, where Czechoslovakia won the bronze medal. He also won three times the Czechoslovak First League with Dukla Prague, in 1977, 1979 and 1982.
References
1954 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Opava
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Footballers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers of Czechoslovakia
Olympic gold medalists for Czechoslovakia
UEFA Euro 1980 players
Czechoslovakia international footballers
MFK Vítkovice players
Dukla Prague footballers
TSV 1860 Munich players
Sabah F.C. (Malaysia) players
Olympic medalists in football
FC Vysočina Jihlava managers
Expatriate footballers in West Germany
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Czechoslovak expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Malaysia
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Malaysia
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in Malaysia
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Czech football managers |
5377215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Weekes%20Fowler | William Weekes Fowler | William Weekes Fowler (January 1849 – 3 June 1923 ) was an English clergyman and entomologist mainly interested in beetles.
Biography
Son of the Reverend Hugh Fowler, Vicar of Barnwood, Gloucestershire, Fowler was educated at Rugby School and at Jesus College, Oxford. He became a Master at Repton School in 1873 and was ordained in 1875. In 1880 he became Headmaster of Lincoln Grammar School. This post was relinquished after twenty years. He was then Rector of Rotherfield Peppard, near Henley, Oxfordshire, for three years. He died Vicar of St Peters, Earley.
Fowler's other offices were: Canon of Welton Brinkhall at Lincoln (1887), President of the Headmasters Association (1907), Vice President of the Linnean Society (1906–1907), Member of the Scientific Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society, and Member of the Reading Guardians.
Achievements
Fowler was first interested in Lepidoptera, then Coleoptera. His expertise in this order led to the publication of the first volume of The Coleoptera of the British Islands (1887–1891, 1913) and to his being appointed Secretary of the Royal Entomological Society, a post which he held for ten years, before, in 1901, he was made President. He was also for 38 years on the editorial panel of the Entomologist's Monthly Magazine.
The Coleoptera lists two more genera and fifty more species than appear in H.E. Cox's Handbook, published some thirteen years earlier.
Fowler wrote the introductory volume and account of the Cicindelidae and Paussidae of The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma; a contribution to Wytsman's Genera Insectorum on the Languriidae; the sections on Homopterous insects (except the Cicadidae, Fulgoridae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae) for Godman and Salvin's Biologia Centrali-Americana; and two Catalogues of the British fauna, compiled with A. Matthews in 1883 and with David Sharp in 1893. The last is an updated version of Sharp's earlier lists of 1871 and 1883.
Fowler wrote more than 150 short notes for various entomological journals, including a number of obituaries of eminent coleopterists.
Collection
Fowler's collection is in Wollaton Hall, Nottingham. Other specimens collected by him in Lincolnshire, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Isle of Wight and Solway are to be found in the Hall collection at Oldham Museum.
Obituary quotes
"In his small and apparently delicate frame Fowler held a great store of vitality and an apparently inexhaustible appetite for hard work, notwithstanding which he was by no means a hard taskmaster to those under him, and by his invariably cheerful and amiable disposition never failed to win popularity and esteem from his pupils and associates of every kind. Although possessed of little critical power or gift for origination, he had a taste for the not usually attractive labour of collating and tabulating the records of others' results and a readiness to undertake toil from which other men turned away which led him sometimes into fields for which his qualifications were not apparent. Entomology has reason for gratitude to him for much useful spadework, and, to all who study British Beetles, his principal achievement, the Coleoptera of the British Islands, is the indispensable starting-point for any fresh advance, and is not likely soon to be superseded" (G.J. Arrow Ent., 722, July 1923, p. 170).
"About 1879 Canon Fowler, then a schoolmaster at Repton... developed a purposeful interest in Coleoptera. Realising perhaps that time was not on his side, he established a close contact with the Powers and was thus able to draw extensively on the Doctor's knowledge of our Fauna. For a period Fowler had apartments in the house next door to the Powers as a pied-à-terre for use on his many trips from Lincoln, and this house, No. 83 Ashburnham Road, Bedford, was the wartime HQ of the 5th Beds. Battalion of the Home Guards. 'And who,' asked Miss Power of me on one occasion, "was the young clergyman we always had in the house? My mother said that she thought that he did most of his collecting in my father's cabinets'" (Charles MacKechnie-Jarvis in his 1975 BENHS Presidential Address).
References
Anonym 1923: [Fowler, W. W.] Ent. News 34(8)
External links
Internet Archives Digitised The Coleoptera of the British Islands Three volumes
English coleopterists
1849 births
1923 deaths
Fellows of the Linnean Society of London
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
People educated at Rugby School |
5377217 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Mary%27s%20Church%20%28New%20Haven%2C%20Connecticut%29 | St. Mary's Church (New Haven, Connecticut) | St. Mary Parish is a Roman Catholic parish in New Haven, Connecticut, part of the Archdiocese of Hartford. The Parish of St. Mary consists of two churches: St. Mary's Church on Hillhouse Avenue, and St. Joseph's Church in the East Rock section of New Haven.
The parish now known as St. Mary's was the first Catholic church in New Haven, and is the second oldest Roman Catholic parish in Connecticut. The parish was originally established in 1832 and the present St. Mary church building is located near Yale University. It is part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hartford. In 1882, Michael J. McGivney, the church's assistant pastor, founded the Knights of Columbus at the parish. McGivney, whose remains are interred within the church, was beatified by Pope Francis in 2020.
For 135 years, from 1886 until their departure in December 2021, St. Mary's parish had been run by friars of the Dominican Order. In 2021, priests from the archdiocese were assigned as part of major restructuring of parishes in New Haven. In 2018, the parish of St. Mary had previously merged with the nearby parish of St. Joseph as part of an earlier restructuring; both church buildings remain open for regularly schedule worship as part of the consolidated Saint Mary Parish.
St. Mary's
In the summer of 1827, Irish immigrants working the Enfield Falls Canal at Windsor Locks sent to New York for a priest to tend to one of their number who had fallen grievously ill. Vicar general John Power responded. Learning of the large number of Catholics in the area, he returned again in October. From there he went to New Haven, and having missed the boat for New York, stayed over. It being Sunday, a group of Catholics requested use of a small chapel on the Long Wharf, and being refused next resorted to a barroom. Benches were brought in and blankets hung to obscure the view while Mass was said.
On July 14, 1829, R.D. Woodley of Providence arrived from Hartford and said Mass and administered the sacraments in a barn at the corner of Chapel and Chestnut Streets, called at the time "Sliny's Corner". In August of that year, Bernard O'Cavanaugh arrived in Hartford as the first resident priest in Connecticut. He made periodic visits to New Haven, where he celebrated Mass in the house of a Mr. Newman. James Fitton from Hartford was delayed saying midnight Mass in 1831 when his horse gave out four miles from town and he had to walk the rest of the way.
In September 1832 James McDermot was assigned as assistant to Fitton at Hartford, but not long after was appointed to New Haven. This also entailed mission stations at Bridgeport, Waterbury, Derby, Norwalk, Danbury, Meriden, Middletown, Goshen, Tariffville, and other places. The congregation at New Haven numbered about 200.
Christ Church
Their Protestant neighbors were averse to doing anything to encourage "popery" and refused to allow the use of or rent and space that might be used as a gathering place. Nonetheless, a lot was secured through Jannett Driscoll, a Protestant who had married a Catholic. The small frame church was scheduled to be dedicated on the Feast of the Ascension, May 8, 1834, but just prior to the ceremony, the gallery gave way and two people were killed in the collapse. The carpenter had decided that trusses would provide sufficient support rather than the planned columns. Some days later, Benedict Fenwick of Boston blessed the building, naming it "Christ Church". In October of that year, the church was broken into and a crucifix and silver chalice stolen. Protestant members of the community presented the church with a fine silver chalice to replace the one taken.
James Smyth became pastor in 1837, and enlarged the church. It burned down on the night of June 11, 1848 and was thought to be arson. The following month Smyth was transferred to Windsor Locks, and succeeded as pastor by Philip O'Reilly. Services were held in a tent for some months, until O'Reilly purchased the Congregationalist building on church Street. The church was dedicated under the name of St. Mary, by William Tyler of Hartford on December 18, 1848.
Present church
Property on Hillhouse Avenue was secured in July 1868. Architect James Murphy of Providence, Rhode Island was commissioned to draft the plans. The construction of a Catholic church on Hillhouse Avenue was strongly opposed by the Protestant elite who lived in the area. The church was dedicated in 1874.
Since 1886, St. Mary's Church has been under the care of the Dominican friars of the Province of St. Joseph, based in New York City. The present priory building next door to the church was erected in 1907.
In 1982, in recognition of the 100th Anniversary of the Knights of Columbus, the church went through a complete renovation. Although included in Murphy's original plans, the spire was never completed. The installation of the spire was part of the renovations, courtesy of the Knights of Columbus.
From February 2019 to October 2020, the St. Mary church building was temporarily closed for emergency repairs; century-old plaster had come loose and fallen from the ceiling. In addition to the plaster repairs, the John Canning Company performed extensive research into the historic decorative schemes of the church, to inform its new repainting and decoration of the interior. Their efforts included forensic removal of the outer layers of interior paint to uncover original 1800s and early 1900s stenciling details and paint colors. According to the National Catholic Register, "St. Mary’s early decorations inspired all the stencil patterns for the arches, aisle walls and wainscot since the Canning crew was able to find and use those patterns exactly or modify them to work with the overall idea". Further review of archival photographs and newspaper accounts revealed circular tondo portraits of saints in each arched bay along the naive, as well as portraits of three angels above the main altar; the Canning Company recreated these tondos, working with the parish to chose a new series of modern and historic saints to be depicted. The three archangels were also depicted above the altar, reflective of increased devotion to Saint Michael according to pastor.
The church reopened in October 2020, in time for the October 31st beatification mass of Michael J. McGivney, who founded the Knights of Columbus at St. Mary's in 1882. While the beatification mass itself was celebrated at the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Hartford, a concurrent ceremony including a live broadcast of the mass and veneration of a relic of McGivney was held at St. Mary's.
St. Joseph's
St. Joseph Parish started as a mission of St. Mary's in 1894, meeting in a chapel of convenience on Lawrence Street. St. Joseph's was established as an independent parish in 1900, from territory taken in part from St. Mary's and also the parishes of St. Patrick and St. Francis, both in New Haven. The present St. Joseph church building was constructed between 1904 and 1905, and was dedicated on October 22, 1905.
Between 2010 and 2015, the number of families registered at each parish reduced significantly. After briefly sharing a pastor with St. Mary's after 2015, the two parishes were merged by decree of Archbishop Leonard Paul Blair, effective June 29, 2017, with a goal of increasing the combined parish's spiritual and financial health.
The 1904 colonial revival-style St. Joseph church building and neighboring 1885 Queen Anne-style rectory building are listed as contributing structures within the Whitney Avenue Historic District.
Restructuring of New Haven Parishes
In October 2021, Archbishop Leonard Paul Blair announced a major restructuring of parishes in New Haven into a municipal model parish, whereby all 10 churches in the city would be consolidated into single parish corporation administered on the premises of St. Mary Church. As part of the reorganization, the Dominican Order left St. Mary's on December 1, 2021, and two diocesan priests were assigned to take over as pastor and parochial vicar. The newly appointed pastor of St. Mary Parish would guide the transition process and eventually become pastor of the consolidated city-wide parish. The St. Mary Priory building would house the pastor and associate priests appointed to serve the churches in New Haven. The formal consolidation is tentatively planned to occur in 2022 or 2023; all 10 church buildings in the city would remain open for Sunday mass in the initial phase of the consolidation. In 2018, the parish of St. Mary had previously consolidated with the nearby parish of St. Joseph; both church buildings remain open for regularly schedule worship as part of the consolidated Saint Mary Parish.
See also
Michael J. McGivney
Knights of Columbus Building (New Haven, Connecticut)
References
External links
Official site
Archdiocese of Hartford
Roman Catholic churches in Connecticut
Churches in New Haven, Connecticut
Gothic Revival church buildings in Connecticut
James Murphy (architect) buildings
Knights of Columbus buildings in the United States
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1874
Roman Catholic parishes of Archdiocese of Hartford
19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States |
4041215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Boutilier | Paul Boutilier | Paul André Boutilier (born May 3, 1963) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played with several National Hockey League teams in the 1980s. He was a member of the 1983 Stanley Cup champion New York Islanders.
Playing career
Boutilier was born in Sydney, Nova Scotia. He starred in the QMJHL with the Sherbrooke Castors in the early 1980s. In 1982, he helped the team reach the Memorial Cup finals, however his team lost to the Kitchener Rangers. He was named to the tournament all-star team, and was voted a first team all-star by the QMJHL. Chosen 21st overall by the New York Islanders in the 1981 NHL Entry Draft (ahead of such future NHL stars as Chris Chelios and John Vanbiesbrouck), Boutilier split his first full pro season between the Islanders and the CHL's Indianapolis Checkers. He did, however, have his name inscribed on the Stanley Cup in 1983 after appearing in two playoff games for the champion Isles. He also attended McGill University during off-seasons.
Boutilier became a regular on the Islanders' blueline in 1984–85 and recorded a career-best 35 points. He scored 34 points the next year and showed a willingness to play rough in his own zone. Over the next four years his play was less consistent. He moved around the league with the Boston Bruins, Minnesota North Stars, New York Rangers, Winnipeg Jets, and three different minor pro clubs. He retired in 1990 after spending most of the year in Switzerland with SC Bern.
Coaching
Boutilier was named St. Mary's (AUAA) assistant coach prior to the 1991–92 season and remained in that position through 1992–93. He was promoted to head coach prior to 1993–94 season and remained in that position through 1996–97.
Post-hockey
After retiring from hockey, Boutilier became a regular on the Canadian curling circuit, serving as head of the World Curling Tour and World Curling Players' Association.
He currently teaches International Marketing at the University of Prince Edward Island and is the Director of Defence Development & Analytics for the Saint John Sea Dogs in the QMJHL. In 2015, he was named assistant coach of the Sea Dogs.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
Awards & honors
QMJHL First All-Star Team (1982)
QMJHL Emile Bouchard Trophy (Defenseman of Year) 1981-82
Memorial Cup Tournament All-Star Team (1982)
1983 Stanley Cup- New York Islanders
AHL First All-Star Team (1989)
Inducted to Nova Scotia Sports Hall of Fame, 1994
External links
Hockey Draft Central
References
1963 births
Living people
Athabasca University alumni
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Canadian people of Acadian descent
Colorado Rangers players
Indianapolis Checkers (CHL) players
Sportspeople from the Cape Breton Regional Municipality
Maine Mariners players
Minnesota North Stars players
Moncton Hawks players
National Hockey League first round draft picks
New Haven Nighthawks players
New York Islanders draft picks
New York Islanders players
New York Rangers players
People from Sydney, Nova Scotia
Saint-Jean Castors players
SC Bern players
Sherbrooke Castors players
Stanley Cup champions
Winnipeg Jets (1979–1996) players
Ice hockey people from Nova Scotia
University of Prince Edward Island faculty
ZSC Lions players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Switzerland |
4041225 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glanville | Glanville | Glanville or Glanvill may refer to:
Places:
Glanville, Calvados, commune in the Basse-Normandie region of France
Glanville, South Australia, suburb of Adelaide, Australia
Glanville railway station
Wootton Glanville, village in Dorset, England
People:
Ann Glanville (1796–1880), Cornish rower
Brandi Glanville (born 1972), American television personality and former fashion model
Brian Glanville (born 1931), English football writer and novelist
Christine Glanville (1924–1999), English puppeteer
Doug Glanville (born 1970), American baseball player
Eleanor Glanville (c. 1654–1709), English entomologist
Ernest Glanville (1855–1925), South African author
Francis Glanville (1827–1910), British Army general
Glanville Williams (1911–1997), Welsh legal scholar
Harold Glanville (1854–1930), English businessman and politician
Harold Glanville (junior) (1884–1966), English Liberal Party politician.
Jacob Glanville, co-founder of Distributed Bio
James Glanville (1891–1958), British politician
Jason Glanville, leader in Australian Indigenous community
Jerry Glanville (born 1941), American football coach
Sir John Glanville (judge) (1542–1600), English Member of Parliament and judge
Sir John Glanville (1586–1661), English politician
Joseph Glanvill (1636–1680), English writer
Lucy Glanville (born 1994), Australian biathlete
Marc Glanville (born 1966), Australian rugby league footballer
Mark Glanville, English classical singer and writer
Peggy Glanville-Hicks (1912–1990), Australian composer
Phil de Glanville (born 1968), English rugby union player
Ranulf de Glanvill (died 1190), English justiciar
Ranulph Glanville (born 1946), English researcher
Stephen Glanville (1900–1956), English Egyptologist
Sir William Glanville (1900–1976), British civil engineer
Other:
Tractatus de legibus et consuetudinibus regni Anglie, the earliest English law treatise (1187–9), commonly called Glanvill after its attribution to Ranulf de Glanvill
Glanville fritillary, butterfly |
5377233 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aalwar | Aalwar | Aalwar () is a 2007 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed by Chella Ayyavu and produced by Mohan Natarajan. The film stars Ajith Kumar, Asin and Keerthi Chawla. Lal, Vivek, Shwetha Bandekar and Aditya Srivastava appearing in other pivotal roles. The film's score and soundtrack is by Srikanth Deva while the cinematography was by G. Ramesh. The film released on 12 January 2007 to highly negative reviews and became a commercial failure.
Plot
Aalwar is a Hindu priest in Madurai and he is devoted to his mother and sister. But Punniyamoorthy and his brothers, the heir of the Temple were Aalwar works as priest, kill Aalwar's sister and mother due to an old dispute with Aalwar. Aalwar, with revenge ringing in his mind, ends up as a killer, even while working as a ward boy in a hospital. He rechristens himself as Mortuary Shiva and is out to make a statement against the venal forces. He sees himself as some kind of avatar. In fact, he bumps off the baddies under the getup of Lord Rama and Lord Krishna. In the climax, Shiva turns up as Lord Narasimha and bumps off the last villain by placing him on his thighs and ripping apart his bowels and chest with his sharp claws. He successfully escapes from the police of Chennai and continues his process of "Dharma".
Cast
Ajith Kumar as Aalwar aka Shiva
Asin as Priya
Keerthi Chawla as Madhu
Vivek as Ponds
Lal as Punniyamoorthy
Aditya Srivastava as Inspector (Madhu's Brother)
Vincent Asokan as Punniyamoorthy's brother
Geetha as Shiva's mother
Shwetha Bandekar as Shiva's sister
Manorama as Priya's grandmother
Sathyan as Ponds's friend
Aryan as Punniyamoorthy's brother
T. P. Gajendran as Police constable
Pandu as Purohit
Sampath Ram as Police
Mayilsamy as Costumed Hanuman
Cool Suresh as Accused in photo
Vijay Sethupathi as Accused in photo (uncredited)
Production
Ajith teamed up with a debutant Chella for a film to be produced by Mohan Natarajan. Chella had previously worked as an associate to S. J. Suryah. The film held its photo session on 20 July 2006 with Asin being selected once again while Ramesh G was chosen as cinematographer. The film began at the Ramoji Rao Studios in Hyderabad in August 2006, with ajith putting on weight for the film. A couple of songs were filmed in Switzerland as the film geared up for a Pongal release. Shalini, Ajith's wife, was the costume designer for Ajith in the film.
Soundtrack
Release
The film opened on 12 January 2007 to highly negative reviews from critics, with Sify.com praising Ajith and Asin's performances but criticized the plot of the movie by labelling it as a "built on a predictable premise" . Another critic described the film as "below average" citing that "the biggest drawback is that the story does not have a strong plot or surprising twists and that "there is also a palpable lack of chemistry between the characters and this gives the picture a poorly contrived feel." Rediff.com's review concluded that "Chella's directorial debut lacks originality and is a hotch potch of celebrated scripts of the past. The film was a disaster at the box office and was considered as the one of the worst movies in Ajith Kumar's career."
References
External links
2007 films
2007 action films
2007 drama films
2000s Tamil-language films
2000s masala films
Indian films about revenge
Films scored by Srikanth Deva
2007 directorial debut films |
4041227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranley%20Onslow | Cranley Onslow | Cranley Gordon Douglas Onslow, Baron Onslow of Woking, (8 June 1926 – 13 March 2001) was a British politician and served as the Conservative MP for Woking from 1964 to 1997, and a British Peer from 1997 until his death.
Family background
Onslow was related to the Earl of Onslow, and was named for one of the subsidiary titles of the Earldom: Viscount Cranley. His parents were Francis Robert Douglas Onslow (1878–1938) and Mabel Strachan (d 1974). He had a younger brother, Ian Denzil Onslow (1929–2013). Onslow was a descendant of George Onslow, eldest son of Lieutenant-General Richard Onslow, nephew of the first Baron and uncle of the first Earl.
Early life and career
He was educated at Harrow School and then Sandhurst. He then joined the military in 1944 and was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Queen's Own Hussars. Upon completing this service he read history at Oriel College, Oxford. Onslow then joined MI6 as an intelligence officer and had a tour of duty in Burma.
Political career
Onslow resigned from the civil service in 1960 and became active in politics, first being elected to Dartford Rural District Council and later to Kent County Council. In 1963 he was selected to succeed Harold Watkinson as MP for Woking and he was elected the following year in the 1964 general election.
Once elected, Onslow demonstrated his right wing credentials by calling for lower taxes on the middle class and a reduction in third world aid. He also pursued a strong non-partisan interest in aviation, eventually chairing the Conservative aviation committee.
Government
He would later serve as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Aerospace from 1972 to 1974 in Edward Heath's government. In Margaret Thatcher's government he was made a Minister of State at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1983, but resigned a year later after his boss, Francis Pym, was sacked by Margaret Thatcher.
1922 Committee
In 1984, he was elected to chair the 1922 Committee, and was therefore considered to be the most powerful backbencher in the Conservative party. In this post, he conveyed to Mrs Thatcher the desire of backbenchers that Leon Brittan should resign over the Westland affair and in the 1990 leadership contest that many backbenchers wanted a broader choice of candidates, contributing to her decision to drop out. This angered many allies of Thatcher, and in 1992 he was forced from his post as chairman of the 1922 Committee.
Honours and styles
Honours
Having been sworn of the Privy Council in the 1988 New Year Honours, Onslow was appointed to the Order of St Michael and St George as a Knight Commander (KCMG) for "political service" in the 1993 New Year Honours and upon stepping down from Parliament in 1997 his life peerage was announced in the Resignation Honours and he was raised to the peerage as Baron Onslow of Woking, of Woking in the County of Surrey.
Marriage
In 1955, he married Lady June Hay, daughter of George Hay, 14th Earl of Kinnoull.
References
Guardian Obituary
ThePeerage.com profile
1926 births
2001 deaths
Chairmen of the 1922 Committee
People educated at Harrow School
Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
Alumni of Oriel College, Oxford
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Queen's Own Hussars officers
Conservative Party (UK) life peers
Life peers created by Elizabeth II
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
Members of Kent County Council
Cranley
British Army personnel of World War II |
5377239 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingswood%20College%20%28South%20Africa%29 | Kingswood College (South Africa) | Kingswood College is a private, Methodist co-educational school in Makhanda (Grahamstown), Eastern Cape, South Africa attended by boarding and day scholars, and a member of the Independent Schools Association of South Africa. The school leavers write the matriculation examinations set by the Independent Examinations Board (IEB).
History
Kingswood College is one of the oldest Methodist boarding schools in the country. It derives its name and ideals from Kingswood School, the 18th century college established by John Wesley near Bristol, England, in 1748.
The Reverend William Shaw was a Methodist minister who came to Eastern Cape as a member of Sephton's party of 1820 Settlers, he founded the Salem Academy in Salem in the Albany district in the 1830s. The Academy was subsequently moved to Grahamstown where it was renamed the Shaw College, and later the Wesleyan Collegiate School for Boys. In 1896 the Wesleyan Collegiate School for Boys was located on the site that is the present home of Kingswood College.
Kingswood College was founded by Daniel Knight in 1894.
Sport
Kingswood College has been performing very well on sports during the year.
The sports that are offered in the school are:
Archery
Athletics
Basketball
Chess
Cricket
Cross country
Cycling
Equestrian
Golf
Hockey
Netball
Rowing
Rugby
Squash
Swimming
Table tennis
Tennis
Water polo
Notable alumni
Neil Aggett, medical doctor and political activist who died in police custody
Chris Bennett (admiral)
Tiny Francis, rugby player
Geoffrey de Jager, businessman and philanthropist
Fabian Juries, rugby player
Jeremy Mansfield, radio and TV personality
Sir Allan Mossop, Chief Judge of the British Supreme Court for China
Bennie Osler, rugby player
Meyrick Pringle, cricketer
Brett Wilkinson, rugby player
David Denton, rugby player
Grant Hattingh, rugby player
Rosco Speckman, rugby player and Olympic Bronze Medalist
Brett Schultz, cricketer
Jack Slater, rugby Springbok
Denys Hobson, cricketer
David Divine, novelist, Distinguished Service Medal (WW2), CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire)
Harvey Tyson, author and former editor of THE STAR newspaper
Graham Beck, internationally acclaimed business magnate, wine maker, stud farmer and philanthropist
Percy Scholes
Uyinene Mrwetyana, Key figure for a movement by South African women against gender based violence.
Notes and references
External links
Independent Schools Association of South Africa
Boarding schools in South Africa
Methodist schools in South Africa
Private schools in the Eastern Cape
Educational institutions established in 1894
Buildings and structures in Makhanda, Eastern Cape
1894 establishments in the Cape Colony |
5377248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eerif%20Muhiddin%20Targan | Şerif Muhiddin Targan | Şerif Muhiddin Targan (January 21, 1892 – September 13, 1967), also known as Sherif Muhiddin Haydar or Serif Muhiddin Haydar, was a Turkish Arab classical musician and oud player. His instrumental compositions for the oud departed from the traditional style to explore the limits of this instrument, technically challenging the performer.
He was born in Istanbul, Turkey in 1892, his father was Serif Ali Haydar Pasha, and his mother was Sabiha Hanim, his father's first wife. He began to learn the oud at the age of six, and subsequently took private music lessons in Istanbul – he made his first concert appearance when he was only 13 years old. In 1924 Targan moved to New York, where his music was also well received. In 1932 he returned to Istanbul, where he joined the Istanbul City Orchestra. At the invitation of the Iraqi government, he became the dean of the Baghdad Conservatory in 1936–37, which produced such famous oud players as the Assyrian brothers Munir Bashir and Jamil Bashir, as well as Salman Shukur and Ghanim Haddad. He married the famous Turkish singer Safiye Ayla in 1950 and died in 1967 in Istanbul.
He was good friends with John G. Bennett who refers to him as "Prens Muhittin Haydari" in his autobiography.
See also
Hanna Petros
External links
http://www.turkmusiki.com/serif%20muhiddin%20targan.htm
http://www.oud.gr/serif.htm
1892 births
1967 deaths
Turkish classical musicians
Musicians from Istanbul
Turkish oud players
Composers of Ottoman classical music
Composers of Turkish makam music
20th-century classical musicians
Istanbul University Faculty of Law alumni
Dhawu Zayd |
5377252 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%20Kouba | Petr Kouba | Petr Kouba (born 28 January 1969 in Prague) is a Czech former professional football goalkeeper and current assistant coach for the Czech under-20 and under-21 national teams. He played for Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic, for both he played total 40 matches between 1991 and 1998.
Kouba, whose father Pavel Kouba was also a successful goalkeeper, began his playing career with Bohemians and Sparta Prague, where he scored a goal from a penalty kick in a national league match against SK České Budějovice in the 1994–95 season.
He was a participant in the UEFA Euro 1996, where the Czech Republic was runner-up.
References
External links
1969 births
Living people
Czech footballers
Footballers from Prague
Czech Republic international footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dual internationalists (football)
Association football goalkeepers
Czech First League players
La Liga players
Deportivo de La Coruña players
UEFA Euro 1996 players
Bohemians 1905 players
AC Sparta Prague players
FK Viktoria Žižkov players
FK Jablonec players
1. FC Kaiserslautern players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Expatriate footballers in Spain
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Spain |
4041230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rip%20Off%20Press | Rip Off Press | Rip Off Press, Inc. is a mail order retailer and distributor, better known as the former publisher of "adult-themed" series like The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers and Rip Off Comix, as well as many other seminal publications from the underground comix era. Founded in 1969 in San Francisco by four friends from Austin, Texas — cartoonists Gilbert Shelton and Jack Jackson, and Fred Todd and Dave Moriaty — Rip Off Press is now run out of Auburn, California, by Todd.
Rip Off Press is also notable for being the original company to publish the fourth edition of the Principia Discordia, a Discordian religious text written by Gregory Hill and Kerry Thornley. It was also an early publisher of the infamous booklet on drug manufacturing, Psychedelic Chemistry.
History
Origins
The company was founded January 17, 1969, in San Francisco by four "expatriate" Texans: Fred Todd, Dave Moriaty, and cartoonists Gilbert Shelton and Jack Jackson. The initial plan was to print rock band promotional posters on an old press and do comix on the side — in some ways the company was formed as a sort of cartoonists' cooperative, as an alternative publishing venue to burgeoning Bay Area publishers like Apex Novelties, Print Mint, and Company & Sons. The four men purchased a used Davidson 233 offset printing press and set up shop in the same space as Don Donahue's Apex Novelties, located on the third-floor ballroom of the former Mowry's Opera House, at 633 Laguna Street in Hayes Valley. The first comix Rip Off Press published, in 1969, included R. Crumb's Big Ass Comics (June '69), a reprint of Jaxon's God Nose (originally published in 1964), Jaxon's Happy Endings Comics (August '69), and the first issue of Fred Schrier and Dave Sheridan's Mother's Oats Comix (October '69).
After a fire almost destroyed the former opera house in late 1969, Rip Off moved to the decaying former headquarters of the Family Dog psychedelic rock music promotion collective (which Jaxon had been a member of starting in 1966). Rip Off Press was located at 1250 17th Street in San Francisco from 1970 until 1985. Other early works they published included comix by Frank Stack, Sheridan (all co-published with Gary Arlington's San Francisco Comic Book Company), The Rip Off Review of Western Culture omnibus, and Shelton's The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers.
By 1972 the poster printing business had faded away and the company had become a publishing house.
Changing times
As the underground comix market petered out in the mid-to-late 1970s, Rip Off Press shifted focus to other cartoonists and other comics (including in their long-running anthology Rip Off Comix). (By this point co-founders Moriaty and Jackson had long since gone back to Texas.) Larry Gonick published his Cartoon History of the Universe with Rip Off Press from 1978 to 1992. Cartoonist Jay Kinney joined the company as an editor in 1981, but left after a few months on the job. Cartoonist Guy Colwell began freelancing for Rip Off Press in the production department beginning in 1980; he worked on-and-off for the company through c. 1990.
After bouncing back-and-forth between Europe and the Bay Area in the late 1970s/early 1980s, co-founder Shelton and his wife relocated to France in 1984. In mid-1985, the company moved from its long-time home on 17th Street to a smaller space on San Jose Avenue near the city's southern border, with warehouse space across town at the Bayview Industrial Park. This three-story, block-square building, which housed over a hundred other businesses, burned to the ground on April 6, 1986, following an explosion in an illegal fireworks factory in the basement.
Relocation to Auburn
Thus freed of a 17-year accumulation of comix and other paraphernalia, Fred Todd (who at this point was the only original partner still working in the business) decided to relocate Rip Off Press to Auburn, California, where he and his wife Kathe could continue to run the company while raising their two small children in more pleasant surroundings. The move was made in June 1987.
Although Rip Off Press continued to publish Shelton's The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers plus the Rip Off Comix anthology, the popularity of erotic comics in the late 1980s/early 1990s led to such titles as Strips by Chuck Austen, The Girl by Kevin J. Taylor, Doll by classic underground creator Guy Colwell, and SS Crompton's Demi the Demoness. They published two music-related indy comics titles by Matt Howarth, Savage Henry and Those Annoying Post Bros., from 1989 to 1994.
Shift from publishing to retailing
After the collapse of the direct market in the early 1990s (fueled by Marvel Comics' withdrawal of its 40% market share from the distribution system), Rip Off Press began taking steps to cut costs and gradually retreated from publishing. By 1997, they had shifted their business to selling backlist comics in its store and to mail-order customers, plus to the many fans finding them online. The Todds moved the business to much smaller quarters adjoining their home in 1999, where they continue to sell comix, mostly through the company website. The website was disabled for a time in 2011–2012, during which time it was completely redesigned and a large number of collectors' items (including historic ad pieces, rare press sheets, publisher's overlay proofs from the company's publishing history, and more) were added to its offerings.
Selected titles and artists
Anthologies:
Rip Off Comix (30 issues, 1977–1991)
The Rip Off Review of Western Culture (3 issues, 1972) — edited by Dave Moriaty
Chuck Austen: Strips (1989–1991)
Guy Colwell:
Doll (8 issues, 1989–1992)
Central Body: The Art of Guy Colwell (1991)
SS Crompton: Demi the Demoness (1993–1997)
Robert Crumb:
Big Ass Comics (2 issues, 1969–1971)
R. Crumb's Comics and Stories (1969) — features 10-page Fritz the Cat story drawn in 1964
Motor City Comics (2 issues, 1969–1970)
Larry Gonick: Cartoon History of the Universe (9 issues, 1978–1992)
Matt Howarth:
Savage Henry (17 issues, 1990–1993)
Those Annoying Post Bros. (20 issues, 1991–1994)
Carol Lay: Good Girls (1991)
Gilbert Shelton:
The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers (13 issues, 1971–1997)
Fat Freddy's Cat (12 issues, 1977–1993)
Wonder Wart-Hog (1973–1975)
Not Quite Dead (5 issues, 1993–1995)
Dave Sheridan:
Mother's Oats Comix (1970–1976)— with Fred Schrier and others
Skull Comics #1 (1970) — with Fred Schrier and others; later picked up by Last Gasp
The Balloon Vendor (1971)— with Fred Schrier
Frank Stack:
Jesus Comics (3 issues, 1969–1972)
Feelgood Funnies (2 issues, 1972, 1984)
Amazon Comics (1972)
Dorman's Doggie (1979)
Kevin J. Taylor:
Model by Day (1990)
The Girl (1991)
References
External links
Comic book publishing companies of the United States
Underground comix
Entertainment companies based in California
Companies based in San Francisco
Publishing companies established in 1969
1969 establishments in California |
4041239 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclooctadiene | Cyclooctadiene | A cyclooctadiene (sometimes abbreviated COD) is any of several cyclic diene with the formula (CH2)4(C2H2)2. Focusing only on cis derivatives, four isomers are possible: 1,2-, which is an allene, 1,3-, 1,4-, and 1,5-. Commonly encountered isomers are the conjugated isomer 1,3-cyclooctadiene and 1,5-cyclooctadiene, which is used as a ligand for transition metals. These dienes are colorless volatile liquids.
References
External links
1,5-Cyclooctadiene
Cycloalkenes
Dienes
Eight-membered rings |
5377253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral%20district%20of%20Altona | Electoral district of Altona | The electoral district of Altona is one of the electoral districts of Victoria, Australia, for the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers an area of in western Melbourne, and includes the suburbs of Altona, Altona Meadows, Laverton, Point Cook, Seabrook and Seaholme. It also includes the RAAF Williams airbase and the Point Cook Coastal Park. It lies within the Western Metropolitan Region of the upper house, the Legislative Council.
History
The Altona seat was created in an electoral redistribution for the 1992 election, and has been a safe seat for the Labor Party throughout its history. It was won in 1992 by Carole Marple, who was associated with the party's Pledge Left faction, a hard-left splinter from the Socialist Left. In 1993, a broad "peace deal" was struck between the Socialist Left and the right-wing Labor Unity faction, which saw both factions agree to deliver the Altona preselection for the 1996 election to Socialist Left candidate Lynne Kosky instead of Marple. As a result, Kosky defeated Marple for Labor preselection, and succeeded her as member for Altona at the 1996 election, while Marple instead contested and lost the marginal Legislative Council seat of Geelong Province.
Kosky served as a minister throughout the 1999–2010 Labor government under Steve Bracks and John Brumby, holding the positions of Minister for Post Compulsory Education, Training and Employment (1999–2002), Minister for Finance (2000–2002), Minister for Education and Training (2002–2006), Minister for Public Transport (2006–2010) and Minister for the Arts (2006–2010). Kosky resigned mid-term on 18 January 2010, citing significant health problems in her family. This necessitated a February by-election, which was won by former Labor state president Jill Hennessy.
Hennessy was re-elected at the 2010 election and 2014 election. Following the Labor victory at the 2014 election, she was appointed Minister for Health and Minister for Ambulance Services in the Andrews Ministry.
The seat was abolished ahead of the 2022 election and replaced by the electoral district of Point Cook.
Members for Altona
Election results
References
External links
Electorate profile: Altona District, Victorian Electoral Commission
1992 establishments in Australia
Electoral districts of Victoria (Australia) |
4041255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angi%20Inc. | Angi Inc. | Angi Inc. (formerly ANGI Homeservices Inc.) is an internet services company formed in 2017 by the merger of Angie's List and HomeAdvisor. The company has its earliest roots in American home services website Angie's List, founded in 1995 as an online directory that allows users to read and publish crowd-sourced reviews of local businesses and contractors.
For the quarter ending on June 30, 2018, ANGI reported total revenue of US$1,132,000,000 and a net income of US$77,507,000. On May 1, 2017, The Wall Street Journal reported that IAC planned to buy Angie's List. By September 2017 the new publicly traded company was called ANGI Homeservices Inc. Shares started trading in early October, 2017.
In March 2019, Angi moved its corporate headquarters to Denver, Colorado.
History
William S. Oesterle and Angie Hicks founded Angie's List in 1995. The idea resulted from Hicks's search for a reliable construction contractor in suburban Columbus, Ohio, on behalf of Oesterle, a venture capitalist who was Hicks's boss. Hicks moved to Columbus to join Oesterle in creating Columbus Neighbors, a call-in service, and publication with reviews of local home and lawn care services. The name and concept were based on Unified Neighbors in Indianapolis, Indiana. Hicks went door-to-door, signing up consumers as members and collecting ratings of local contractors. After Hicks recruited over 1,000 members in Columbus within one year, she turned to Oesterle to raise money from investors to develop the business.
In 2013, Angie's List investors worried that the company had been in business for more than 18 years, yet never had shown an annual profit and that valuations of the company were unrealistic based on the actual revenue the company produces. But by 2015 growth estimates indicate a significant earnings-per-share growth, with a long-term growth rate at 19%. Combine this with stock estimates rising in 2015 by 13.3%, some Securities research firms such as Zacks Investment Research indicated ANGI is well-positioned for future earnings growth.
HomeAdvisor
In 1996, the company bought Unified Neighbors from its creator and moved the company's headquarters to Indianapolis.
In 1998, ServiceMagic was founded by Rodney Rice and Michael Beaudoin who were part of the founding management team of Einstein Bros Bagels. In 2004, IAC acquired the website for an undisclosed price.
On July 22, 2004, IAC acquired ServiceMagic. In October 2008, ServiceMagic acquired the French business 123Devis.com and Travaux.com, as well as UK business 123GetAQuote.co.uk to create ServiceMagic Europe. In March 2009, the UK business was rebranded as ServiceMagic.co.uk.
In 2012, the firm changed its name to HomeAdvisor.
In 2013, HomeAdvisor acquired Werkspot.nl, the leading Dutch home improvement platform. In 2014, Werkspot.nl opens her twin company in Italy: Instapro.
By 2015, the firm had achieved more than $300 million in annual revenue, been used by more than 30 million homeowners, had nearly 100,000 pre-screened service professionals in its network and almost 3 million verified reviews.
In 2016, HomeAdvisor acquired the German home services company, MyHammer. In 2017, it acquired Canada's leading home services platform, HomeStars, and MyBuilder, the UK's leading home services platform connecting homeowners and tradesmen.
Angi
In 2010, Angie's List raised a total of $25 million in capital from investors. In September 2010, Wasatch Funds and Battery Ventures invested $22 million. In November 2010, Saints Capital led an additional funding of $2.5 million.
On November 17, 2011,t he firm began trading on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker symbol ANGI. It priced 8.8M shares at $13 and opened for trading at $18, a 33% premium.
In July 2016, Angie's List was made a freemium service; the basic membership tier, with access to more than 10 million reviews, was made free, alongside subscription tiers offering additional functionality.
On October 2, 2017, IAC announced that it had agreed to acquire Angie's List for $781.4 million. and it merged Angie's List and HomeAdvisor, renaming the merged company to ANGI Homeservices, retaining Angie's List ticker symbol and stock history.
In October 2018, ANGI Homeservices bought Handy for $165.5 million. In March 2021, Angie's List changed its name to Angi, and ANGI Homeservices Inc. changed its name to Angi Inc.
Lawsuits
In 2014, Angie's List Inc. paid $2.8 million to settle a lawsuit alleging that it automatically renewed members at a higher rate than they were led to believe.
In August 2016, Angie's List has agreed to settle three lawsuits for a payment of $1,400,000. The class action lawsuits focused on Angie's List's acceptance of advertising payments from service providers, and whether those payments affect service providers’ letter-grade ratings, reviews, and place in search-result rankings. Angie's List denies plaintiffs’ claims, but disclosed that revenue from service providers can affect the order of search-result rankings of the service provider under certain settings (Moore vs. AngiesList).
References
External links
Companies listed on the Nasdaq
Consumer guides
Companies based in Denver
Online marketplaces of the United States
American review websites
American companies established in 1995
Internet properties established in 1995
1995 establishments in Ohio
2011 initial public offerings
IAC (company) |
4041256 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theological%20College%20of%20the%20Holy%20Trinity | Theological College of the Holy Trinity | Holy Trinity University (HTU) (ቅድስት ሥላሴ ዩኒቨርሲቲ) is a theological university located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It provides religious and theological instruction to both clergy and lay members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The institution also aims to serve as a center of theological and ecclesiastical study for all Oriental Orthodox Churches.
References
Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo church buildings
Universities and colleges in Ethiopia
Christian schools in Ethiopia
Education in Addis Ababa
Educational institutions established in 1942
Educational institutions established in 1960
1942 establishments in Ethiopia |
4041257 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaver%20stance | Weaver stance | The Weaver stance is a shooting technique for handguns. It was developed by Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff Jack Weaver during freestyle pistol competition in Southern California during the late 1950s.
Description
The Weaver stance has two main components.
The first component is a two-handed technique in which the shooting hand holds the handgun while the support hand wraps around the shooting hand. The shooting arm's elbow is slightly bent (almost locked out) while the support elbow is noticeably bent straight down. The shooter pushes forward with his/her shooting hand while the support hand exerts rearward pressure on the firearm. The resultant isometric tension from the support hand is intended to lessen and control muzzle flip when the firearm is fired, allowing for faster follow-up shots.
The second component is the positioning of the feet in a boxing stance, with the non-shooting side foot ahead of the shooting side foot. A person shooting right-handed will have the right foot angled out to approximately forty-five degrees to the side and to the rear at shoulder length. Most of the shooter's weight will be on the forward foot, with the forward knee slightly bent and the rear leg nearly straight. The shooter's upper torso should be leaning forward at the hips, aiming the shoulders towards the forward foot. The rear foot will help catch the force of recoil, as well as allow for rapid changes in position. Both of the shooter's knees should be slightly bent and the shooter should be bending forward at the waist as if preparing to be pushed backward.
A left-handed shooter would reverse the hands and the footing, respectively.
Modern technique
The Weaver stance is one of the four components of the modern technique of shooting developed by Jeff Cooper. The others are a large-caliber handgun, flash sight picture, and compressed surprise break.
History
The Weaver stance was developed in 1959 by pistol shooter and deputy sheriff Jack Weaver, a range officer at the L.A. County Sheriff's Mira Loma pistol range. At the time, Weaver was competing in Jeff Cooper's "Leatherslap" matches: quick draw, man-on-man competition in which two shooters vied to pop twelve 18" wide balloons set up 21 feet away, whichever shooter burst all the balloons first winning the bout. Weaver developed his technique as a way to draw a handgun quickly to eye level and use the weapon's sights to aim more accurately, and immediately began winning against opponents predominantly using unsighted "hip shooting" techniques.
The Weaver technique was dubbed the "Weaver Stance" by gun writer and firearms instructor Jeff Cooper. Cooper widely publicized the Weaver stance in several of his books, as well as in articles published in the then-fledgling Guns & Ammo magazine. When Cooper started the American Pistol Institute firearms training school, now the Gunsite Training Center, in 1977, his modern technique of the pistol was built around a somewhat formalized "Classic Weaver Stance". Due to Cooper's influence, the Weaver stance became very popular among firearm professionals and enthusiasts.
Notes
Although the Weaver Stance was originally designed for pistols, it can be applied to virtually any type of firearm. However, the main principles of the stance must still be applied (support foot rear at shoulder length with support foot at forty-five degrees while support hand supports the weight of the firearm). This technique has many variations including stances with the support hand carrying a flashlight, knife, baton or other item.
Although this firearm technique is still popular among shooting enthusiasts and firearm professionals, many current firearm instructors favor the Universal Shooting Stance and/or the Isosceles Stance.
References
External links
The REAL Weaver Shooting Stance via YouTube
American Handgunner feature on Jack Weaver
American Rifleman examples of the Weaver Stance
Firearm techniques |
4041266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signorelli | Signorelli | Signorelli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Franco Signorelli (born 1991), Venezuelan footballer
Frank Signorelli (1901–1975), American jazz pianist
James Signorelli, American film director and cinematographer
Luca Signorelli (c. 1445–1523), Italian Renaissance painter
Marcelo Signorelli (born 1963), Italian-Uruguayan basketball player, coach, and author
Maria Signorelli (1908-1992), Italian puppet master and collector
Paolo Signorelli (politician) (1934-2010), Italian activist and politician
Paolo Signorelli (footballer) (1939-2018), Italian footballer
Pietro Napoli Signorelli (1731–1815), Italian scholar of classic literature
Vincent Signorelli, American punk-rock drummer
Italian-language surnames |
4041272 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary%20air%20injection | Secondary air injection | Secondary air injection (commonly known as air injection) is a vehicle emissions control strategy introduced in 1966, wherein fresh air is injected into the exhaust stream to allow for a fuller secondary combustion of exhaust gases.
Development
The mechanism by which exhaust emissions are controlled depends on the method of injection and the point at which air enters the exhaust system, and has varied during the course of the development of the technology.
The first systems injected air very close to the engine, either in the cylinder head's exhaust ports or in the exhaust manifold. These systems provided oxygen to oxidize (burn) unburned and partially burned fuel in the exhaust before its ejection from the tailpipe. There was significant unburned and partially burned fuel in the exhaust of 1960s and early 1970s vehicles, and so secondary air injection significantly reduced tailpipe emissions. However, the extra heat of recombustion, particularly with an excessively rich exhaust caused by misfiring or a maladjusted carburetor, tended to damage exhaust valves and could even be seen to cause the exhaust manifold to incandesce.
As emission control strategies grew more sophisticated and effective, the amount of unburned and partially burned fuel in the exhaust stream shrank, and particularly when the catalytic converter was introduced, the function of secondary air injection shifted. Rather than being a primary emission control device, the secondary air injection system was adapted to support the efficient function of the catalytic converter. The original air injection point became known as the upstream injection point. When the catalytic converter is cold, air injected at the upstream point burns with the deliberately rich exhaust so as to bring the catalyst up to operating temperature quickly. Once the catalyst is warm, air is injected to the downstream location — the catalytic converter itself — to assist with catalysis of unburned hydrocarbons.
Methods of implementation
Pumped air injection
Pumped air injection systems use a vane pump called the air pump, AIR pump, or colloquially "smog pump" turned by the engine via a belt or electric motor. The pump's air intake is filtered by a rotating screen or the vehicle air filter to exclude dirt particles large enough to damage the system. Air is delivered under light pressure to the injection point(s). A check valve prevents exhaust forcing its way back through the air injection system, which would damage the pump and other components.
Carbureted engines' exhaust raw fuel content tends to spike when the driver suddenly releases the throttle. To prevent the startling and potentially damaging effects of the explosive combustion of this raw fuel, a diverter valve is used. This valve senses the sharp increase in the intake manifold vacuum resulting from the sudden closure of the throttle, and diverts the air pump's outlet to atmosphere. Usually this diverted air is routed to the engine air cleaner or to a separate silencer to muffle objectionable pump noise.
Aspirated air injection
Air injection can also be achieved by taking advantage of the negative pressure pulses in the exhaust system at engine idle. A sensitive reed valve assembly called the aspirator valve is placed in the air injection pumping, which draws its air directly from the clean side of the air filter. During engine idle, brief but periodic negative pressure pulses in the exhaust system draw air through the aspirator valve and into the exhaust stream at the catalytic converter. This system, marketed as Pulse Air, was used by American Motors, Chrysler, and other manufacturers beginning in the 1970s. The aspirator provided advantages in cost, weight, packaging, and simplicity compared to the pump. Also, since there is no pump requiring engine power, parasitic losses associated with the pump are eliminated. However, the aspirator functions only at idle and so admits significantly less air within a significantly narrower range of engine speeds compared to a pump. This system is still used on modern motorcycle engines, e.g. the Yamaha AIS (Air Injection System).
See also
Exhaust gas recirculation
External links
Jeep Adventures Under the Hood A detailed guide on the CEC system and how to tune it
Details with diagrams of the Chevrolet Camaro AIR system www.camaros.org
Engine technology |
4041281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swede%20Knox | Swede Knox | Swede Knox (March 2, 1948 – March 22, 2021) was a National Hockey League (NHL) linesman. He officiated over 2,248 NHL games, since 1972, and wore a helmet from the mid-1980s until his retirement in 2000. He also officiated five Stanley Cup Finals and one NHL All-Star Game. He was born in Edmonton, Alberta.
Knox, as a linesman, later filled in as referee during a game in Toronto in the early 1990s, when Don Koharski could not finish the game. It's unknown to what number he wore when the nameplates were changed back to numbers in .
Knox graduated from Athabasca University in 1999 with a Bachelor of Administration degree.
Knox died of cancer March 22, 2021.
References
External links
Flyers History
1948 births
2021 deaths
Athabasca University alumni
Ice hockey people from Alberta
National Hockey League officials
Sportspeople from Edmonton |
5377264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alekseev%20%28singer%29 | Alekseev (singer) | Mykyta Volodymyrovych Alieksieiev (born 18 May 1993), better known by his mononym Alekseev, is a Ukrainian singer and songwriter. He first began his career in 2014 after placing as a semifinalist on season four of The Voice of Ukraine. He subsequently released the single "Pyanoye solntse", which went on to become a number-one hit throughout the CIS and kickstarted his music career. He represented Belarus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Portugal with his song "Forever".
Early life
Alekseev was born on 18 May 1993 in Ukraine's capital of Kyiv from a mixed Ukrainian-Russian family, with a root in Belarus too. Prior to his birth, his biological father left the family as he didn't want to become a parent and later moved to Israel. Alekseev remains estranged from him, but has spoken of his willingness to meet him.
When he was one and a half years old, Alekseev and his mother moved to her family in Chita, Russia, where they stayed for two years. Then, they returned to Kyiv, where Alekseev went to live in a small multiple household flat in the Livoberezhnyi Masyv. He enrolled in the local music school, where he, in 2005, tried to represent Ukraine in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest with a self-written song.
As a child, Alekseev spent several summers in Mula, Spain, where he lived with a Spanish foster family. At one stage, he lived there up to eight months a year. In 2018, during a pre-party for Eurovision, he met the family again for the first time in over a decade.
At the age of 12, Alekseev became very interested in music and singing and was taught by Konstantin Pona. He later started his own band called "Mova". He later graduated from the Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics with a degree in Marketing.
Since 2018, he has been dating Ukrainian-Russian singer Ulyana Sinetskaya.
Career
The Voice
During The Voice blind auditions, Ani Lorak turned her chair for Alekseev, but he did not go beyond the 1st live broadcast. As a consolation prize, Ani Lorak helped Alekseev shoot the music video for his debut single "Everything is in Time". But he did not gain popularity until after he appeared on Voice of the County: Reload where he covered Iryna Bilyk's "I'm Drowning" and shot a music video for it.
Debut - 2017
In September 2015, Alekseev released Pyanoye solntse (Drunken Sun), with lyrics by Vitaly Kurovsky and music by Rusland Quint. The next month, a music video directed by Alan Badoev in which Alekseev kills his alter ego after breaking up with a girl, was shot. In late May 2016, he received the RU.TV award for best song. He also received a Yuna Award for "Drunken Sun". The subsequent singles, "Shards of Dreams", "Became Oceans" and "Feeling Soul", had their music videos also directed by Alan Badoev. On June 29, 2016, he performed the song at Miss Ukraine Universe 2016.
In June 2016, Alekseev won Breakthrough Artist of The Year at the Russian MUZ-TV Awards and Breakthrough Artist of The Year at the Ukrainian M1 Music Awards in December 2016. In March 2017, the artist won ZD Awards and Top Hit Music Awards in several categories: "Breakthrough Artist of The Year", "Artist of The Year", "Take-Off of The Year", "Most Frequently Played on The Radio" for the track Drunken Sun and "Most Popular Radio Artist".
On 14 February 2017, Alekseev started his first Ukrainian Tour. The final show took place on the artist's birthday, 18 May, at the Oktyabrsky Palace.
Eurovision Song Contest
One week after applying for the Ukrainian contest Vidbir, it was revealed that Alekseev had revoked his bid. It was then later revealed that he entered into Belarus' contest instead. There was controversy following Alekseev's entry. Eurovision rules state that the song performed is not allowed to have been performed before September 1 of the previous year. Alekseev, however, had been performing a Russian song named "Навсегда" at his concerts. He then shortened the song and translated the lyrics to English to get around this rule. On January 15, 2018, an article emerged claiming that 11 other finalists in the Belarus contest were threatening to withdraw if Alekseev was allowed to qualify for the contests' final.
However, on February 16, 2018, Alekseev won the Belarus National Selection and represented the country at the 2018 Eurovision Song Contest in Lisbon, Portugal.
After Eurovision Song Contest
In November 2018, it became known that the artist began to cooperate with Sony Music Entertainment (Russia).
Discography
Studio albums
EPs
Singles
Music videos
Filmography
Awards and nominations
Notes
References
External links
1993 births
Musicians from Kyiv
Living people
Ukrainian pop singers
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Belarus
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 2018
Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics alumni
The Voice of Ukraine contestants
Ukrainian people of Russian descent
Ukrainian people of Belarusian descent
21st-century Ukrainian male singers
Russian National Music Award winners |
4041287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigore%20Vieru | Grigore Vieru | Grigore Vieru (; 14 February 1935, Pererîta, Hotin County, Kingdom of Romania – 18 January 2009, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova) was a Moldavian poet, writer and unionist advocate. Known for his poems and books for children. His poetry is characterized by vivid natural scenery, patriotism, as well as a venerated image of the sacred mother. Vieru wrote in the Romanian language. In 1993 he was elected a correspondent member of the Romanian Academy.
Early life
He was born in Pererîta village, Hotin County, at the time, part of Romania (today part of Briceni district, Moldova). His parents, Pavel and Eudochia Vieru (née Didic) were farmers.
In 1950, he graduated from the 7-grade school of his native village, after which he attended the middle school in Lipcani, which he graduated in 1953.
Personal life
Vieru was married to Raisa Vieru since 1959; they had two sons, Teodor and Călin Vieru.
Creative work
His first publishing debut was in 1957, a booklet of poems for children, «Alarma» («Alarm»), appreciated by literary critics.The following year, Vieru graduated from the Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University in Chișinău with a degree in history and philology. He was employed as an editor in the magazine called «Scînteia Leninistă» («The Leninist Spark») designed for children, currently it is called «Noi» («We»), and the newspaper «Tînărul leninist» («The Young Leninist»), currently «Florile Dalbe» («Glowing Flowers»).
In 1959, he became editor at the «Nistru» («Dniester») magazine, currently «Basarabia», a publication of the Writers' Union of Moldova.
From 1960 to 1963, he served as editor in chief of the «Cartea Moldovenească» («Moldavian book») publishing house.
In 1967, Vieru's book «Poetry for Readers of All Ages» (published in 1965) was awarded the Moldavian Prize for Youth Literature. The following year, his book «Your Name» became part of the contemporary literature curriculum in Moldavian universities
He wrote another children's story/picture book «Bread and Dew» which features Doru, a 4 or 5-year-old boy who lives in Chișinău with his parents.
Many moldavian composers were inspired by the poetry of Grigore Vieru (songbook «Poftim de intrați», «Cine crede» etc.), the poet himself is the author of a lot of melodies («Să crești mare» etc.) and since 1964 he began to collaborate with composer Yulia Tsibulskaya («Soare, soare», «Clopoțeii», «Stea-stea, logostea», «Ramule-neamule», «Cîntînd cu iubire» etc.).
He was a frequent guest of the «Poetry House»in Cociulia village, Cantemir District. The famous book for preschoolers «Albinuța» was also written here.
1968 was turning point for the poet's destiny; this year became remarkable by the volume of lyrical «Numele Tău» («Your name»), with an introductory written by Ion Druță. The book was appreciated by literary critics as the most original poetic appearance. In the year of it publishing, it became a subject of the study at the university within the courses designated for the contemporary national literature. Three poems in the volume are entitled: Tudor Arghezi, Lucian Blaga, Brâncuși, and another two are dedicated to Nicolae Labiș and Marin Sorescu. For the first time, in the post war period, such dedications has appeared in the Bessarabian lyrics.
Political activity
Since 1971, Grigore Vieru has been a member of Komsomol Organisation, the youth division of the Communist Party.
In 1973, Grigore Vieru has passed the Prut within a delegation of Soviet writers. He participated in the meeting with the editors of the «20th Century» magazine: Dan Haulică, Ștefan Augustin Doinaș, Ioanichie Olteanu, Geo Șerban, Tatiana Nicolescu. At his request, he has visited monasteries of Putna, Voroneț, Sucevița, Dragomirna, Văratec. He returned to Chișinău with a bag of books. Later the poet makes the following confession:
In 1974 and 1977, invited by the president of the Romanian Writers' Union, Vieru visited Bucharest, Constanța, Iași, and cities in Transylvania.
In 1978, the «Junimea» publishing house printed «The Friday Star», Vieru's first work published in Romania.
In 1989 he was elected member of Moldova's Parliament and campaigned for the unification of Romania and Moldova. The following year he was elected Honorary Member of the Romanian Academy. In 1992, the Romanian Academy recommended Vieru for the Nobel Peace Prize.
In 1995, he became a member of the Board of the Romanian Radio Broadcasting Company, and in 1996 he won several Romanian literary awards.
In 2000, Vieru was awarded the «Eminescu» Medal by the Romanian government.
Involvement in the Bessarabia National Liberation Movement
At the end of the 80s, Grigore Vieru is in the first line of the National Liberation Movement in Bessarabia, his texts (including the songs laid on his lyrics) playing a big role in awakening of the national consciousness of Romanians in Bessarabia. Vieru is one of the founders of the People's Front of Moldova and is among the organizers and leaders of the Great National Assembly of August 27, 1989. He actively participates in the debates of the 13th session of the Supreme Soviet of the SSR, in which the Romanian language is voted as the official language and the transition to Latin spelling.
Death
On January 16, 2009 Vieru suffered a serious traffic accident and was admitted to the Emergency Hospital in Chișinău. Grigore Vieru was in critical condition with polytrauma, closed cranio-cerebral trauma, cerebral contusion, and closed chest trauma, contusion of the heart and lungs and contusion of the abdominal organs, with minimal chances of survival. The road accident took place on the night of January 15 to 16, at 1:30 am on the R-3 route Chișinău – Hâncești – Cimișlia – Basarabeasca. At the driver’s seat was Gheorghe Munteanu, emeritus artist of the Republic of Moldova and deputy director of the "Joc" folk dance troop of Chișinău, who being in an easier state. At the time, he was out with friends celebrating the birthday of Mihai Eminescu, a 19th-century Romanian poet. Vieru died on January 18, 2009, in the Emergency Hospital in Chișinău two days after the accident, following a cardiac failure from which he could not be resuscitated.
Grigore Vieru was buried on January 20, 2009 in Chișinău, at the Central Cemetery on Armeana street. The funeral was attended by tens of thousands of people, the divisions of Grigore Vieru, as professor Dan Dungaciu called them in his article. Chișinău had not known such funerals since the burial of the spouses Doina and Ion Aldea Teodorovici. The day of January 20, 2009 was declared a day of mourning in the Republic of Moldova, at 10:00 the whole republic having a moment of silence. Vieru's funeral was also broadcast live by Teleradio Moldova.
Legacy
Several schools in the Republic of Moldova, a boulevard in Chișinău and a street in Iași are called in honour of Grigore Vieru. On February 11, 2010, three days before his birthday, the poet's bust was installed in the Alley of Classics.
A street in Buzău is called in honour of Grigore Vieru: Grigore Vieru Street.
Awards
In 1996 he won several Romanian literary awards, and in the same year on August 23rd, he won Order of the Republic (Moldova).
The Romanian president Traian Băsescu has posthumously awarded Grigore Vieru with the Order of the Star of Romania, Grand Cross.
Moments in Vieru's life
In the volume of lyrics designed for children "Trei iezi" (Three baby goats) published in 1970, there was also the poem called "Curcubeul" (The Rainbow), in which Vieru, used the metaphor of the rainbow with three colours, praised the flag of all Romanians. In short period of time after the book publishing, the Soviet censorship withdrew the book from the bookstores, and the author was accused of diversion. Also in 1970, has appeared The Abecedarul book developed by Vieru in collaboration with the writer Spiridon Vangheli. Even nowadays, this textbook, which was edited many times over time, still teaches the first class little Bessarabians. In 1989, Vieru and Vangheli also made the Latin alphabet version of The Abecedarul.
Vieru wrote, among many others, the lyrics for the soundtrack of the cartoon film Maria, Mirabela, and the Vieru’s poem "Dragă Otee" (Dear Otee) has been sung by Iurie Sadovnic. Later, the song was taken over by Zdob și Zdub.
In 1988, in the newspaper Literatura şi Arta (Literature and Art) in Chișinău, the first Latin-written text from post-war Bessarabia has appeared. The author was Grigore Vieru.
In June 1989, Vieru has got the approval of the Soviet authorities to publish the weekly Literatura si Arta in Latin writing, the editors of the newspaper mentioned that in all Soviet Moldova there were no typewriter of Latin letters, except the one from the Academy of Sciences of the MSSR and of professor Iulius Popa from Bălți. Under these conditions, Grigore Vieru and the editor-in-chief of Literatura și Arta, Nicolae Dabija, went to Bucharest to get the typewriter for the newspaper. The Romanian authorities were delaying the answer, and the antiquarian shop from which they could buy such a device was closed these days because of some technical issues. However, Vieru and Dabija were helped by the priest Vasile Țepordei, who brought to the station a bag containing the 31 metallic signs of the Latin alphabet, cut by him from his own typewriter. In Chișinău, the Latin signs are welded to a typewriter instead of the Cyrillic ones, so Literatura și Arta magazine became the first newspaper of Bessarabia to start systematically coming out in Latin spelling.
In 1994, the neo-communists of the Democratic Agrarian Party, who came to power in Moldova, gave up to the state hymn Deșteaptă-te, române! (Awaken thee, Romanian!) and proposed to the poet Grigore Vieru and the composer Eugen Doga to compose the lyrics and music for a new hymn. They both refused. Grigore Vieru wrote in the Literatura și Arta magazine the following:
Works
1957 – "Alarma" (Alarm) (lyrics for children);
1958 – "Muzicuțe" (Musical notes) (lyrics for children);
1961 – "Făt-Frumos curcubeul și Bună ziua, fulgilor!" (Făt-Frumos the rainbow and Good morning, the flakes!) by the "Cartea Moldovenească" publishing house;
1963 – "Mulțumim pentru pace" (Thanks for peace) (lyrics) and "Făgurași" (lyrics, stories and songs);
1964 - The magazine "Nistru" published the poem "Legământ" (The Covenan), dedicated to poet Mihai Eminescu;
1965 – "Versuri pentru cititorii de toate vârstele" (The lyrics for readers of all ages), with an introductory word written by Ion Druță and for this lyrics the poet was awarded The Comsomol Republican Prize in the field of children's and youth literature (1967);
1967 – "Poezii de seama voastră" (Poems of your age) ("Lumina" publishing house);
1968 – "Bărbații Moldovei" (Moldova’s Men), designed to the "nationalist" Nicolae Testimițeanu ("Nistru" magazine). The whole circulation was stopped, and the dedication taken away;
1969 – "Duminica cuvintelor" (The Words of Sunday) by "Lumina" publishing house with illustrations by Igor Vieru, a book much loved by pre-schoolers, which is present in every kindergarten;
1970 - "Abecedarul" ("Lumina" publishing house) - in collaboration with Spiridon Vangheli and painter Igor Vieru;
1972 – "Trei iezi" (Three baby goats);
1974 – "Aproape" (Nearby) (lyrics, with color illustrations by Isai Cârmu);
1975 – "Mama" (The Mother) ("Lumina" publishing house - book for the little ones, illustrated by Igor Vieru);
1976 – "Un verde ne vede!"(A green one sees us!) ("Lumina" publishing house – for this volume of lyrics the poem is awarded the State Prize of the Republic of Moldova (1978);
1989 – "Metafore Albastre" - Сини метафори (The Blue metaphors) - ("Narodna cultura" publishing house, Sofia - in the collection Globus poetic, translation into Bulgarian by Ognean Stamboliev;
2010 – "Mi-e dor de piatră" - Жал ми е за камъка (I miss the stone) – publishing house Avangardprint, Bulgaria - translation into Bulgarian and preface by Ognean Stamboliev - 100 poems.
It is present in:
Streiflicht – Eine Auswahl zeitgenössischer rumänischer Lyrik (81 rumänische Autoren), - "Lumina piezișă" (Pie light'') the bilingual anthology consisted of 81 Romanian writers, translated by Christian W. Schenk, Dionysos Verlag 1994,
Music on lyrics by Vieru
Maria Mirabela
Dragă Otee
Pentru Ea
Răsai
Eminescu
La mănăstirea Căpriana (Clopotul Învierii)
Lăsați-ne în legea noastră
Două lacrimi gemene (Chișinău și București)
O serenadă
Melancolie
Ultima oră
Reaprindeți candela
Mi-e dor de tine, mamă
Codrul e frumos cu floare
Gallery
See also
Unification of Romania and Moldova
References
External links
Grigore Vieru – virtual monument
A biography of Grigore Vieru
Valerian Ciobanu-Vieru: Pe cer a mai urcat o stea, poezie.ro
La moartea lui Grigore Vieru
GRIGORE VIERU - Evocare de NICOLAE DABIJA
1935 births
2009 deaths
People from Briceni District
Moldovan poets
Male poets
20th-century Romanian poets
Romanian male poets
Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania
Road incident deaths in Moldova
Corresponding members of the Romanian Academy
Recipients of the Order of the Republic (Moldova)
20th-century Romanian male writers
Moldovan male writers |
5377270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown%20Street%20Women%27s%20Hospital | Crown Street Women's Hospital | Crown Street Women's Hospital (now-closed) was once the largest maternity hospital in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was located at 351 Crown Street (corner of Crown and Albion Streets), Surry Hills.
The hospital was one of several stand-alone maternity hospitals in Sydney, none of which remain. It opened in 1893, and was closed in 1983. During its 90-year life, it trained hundreds of midwives and doctors, and was a teaching hospital of the University of Sydney. Many thousands of Sydney's residents were born there. When Westmead Hospital opened in Sydney's west, Crown St Hospital's maternity facilities were moved there, along with the general medical and surgical departments of Sydney Hospital on Macquarie Street, and the hospital was closed.
The Canonbury annex was demolished around 1983, with the site redeveloped as part of McKell Park.
History
Founded by Dr James Graham in 1893, the Women's Hospital in Crown Street aimed to lift the medical standards for maternity care. In addition to providing wards for surgical cases and complicated births the Hospital provided treatment in homes. Initial funding of the Women's Hospital came from public subscription, obstetric nurse training and student fees, with assistance from the Government in obtaining furniture and surgical instruments. The Board of the Women's Hospital met for the first time on 13 August 1895. One of the Hospital's early achievements was providing instruction to women who had previously acted as midwives without any medical certification. On 30 October 1919 the Permanent Auxiliary Organisation was founded to centralise offers of assistance. Permanent Auxiliary Centres were opened at Abbotsford in 1933 and Bondi-Waverley in 1937. By its Golden Jubilee in 1943 Crown Street Women's Hospital had become the largest maternity hospital in New South Wales.
The hospital's nurseries were divided into five categories: D, Premature, Adoption, Founders Isolation and Main.
The Crown Street Women's Hospital was closed on 31 March 1983 and its facilities were transferred to Westmead Hospital.
The Crown Street Women's Hospital Medical Records were transferred to Prince Of Wales Hospital Randwick.
Hospital history timeline
First president (Mary Windeyer)(1895)
Indoor Department (October 1896)
Teaching Hospital Status with the University of Sydney (1897)
Hugh Dixson Isolation Block (1909)
Death of first matron, Hannah McLeod (1912)
Parent Education (offered from 1915)
The Permanent Auxiliary Organisation was founded to centralise all offers of assistance received by the Hospital (30 October 1919)
Founders Block building was opened providing administrative offices, Resident Medical Officers quarters, labour wards, and operating theatre, recovery room, and nurses quarters (3 June 1930)
X-Ray Department (September 1935)
The Sterility Clinic was established 1938
Mobile Transfusion Service or "Flying Squad" (1939)
Crown Street Women's Hospital had become the largest maternity hospital in New South Wales (1943)
Diet Department (1947)
Canonbury at Darling Point was opened as annexe to the Women's Hospital (1947)
During the 1940s and 1950s Founders Block building was remodelled as the gynaecology block of the hospital (1940-1950s)
Lady Wakehurst Annexe at Waverley was opened as post-operative care centre (January 1952)
Unit for the Research into the Newborn (1961)
Department of Anaesthesia (1963)
Intensive Care Unit (1966)
Ultra Sound Department (1971)
Sam Stening Intensive Care Annexe (December 1972)
Therapeutic Abortion Clinic opened. From 1975 women requesting abortions were seen in the Consultancy Clinic (1973 to 1975)
Aboriginal Nurse visits to postnatal patients (1976)
Birth Centre for natural childbirth (17 September 1979)
The Sterility Clinic was renamed as the Alan Grant Fertility Clinic (28 November 1979)
Lady Wakehurst Annexe was closed and redeveloped as a Hospital and Retraining Unit for Intellectually Retarded Young Adults. (1980)
Hospital closes and services transferred to Westmead Hospital (1983)
Canonbury buildings demolished and land reformed into McKell Park (1983)
References
Former hospitals in Sydney
Former buildings and structures in Sydney
Hospitals established in 1893
Demolished buildings and structures in Sydney |
4041297 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic%20arches | Aortic arches | The aortic arches or pharyngeal arch arteries (previously referred to as branchial arches in human embryos) are a series of six paired embryological vascular structures which give rise to the great arteries of the neck and head. They are ventral to the dorsal aorta and arise from the aortic sac.
The aortic arches are formed sequentially within the pharyngeal arches and initially appear symmetrical on both sides of the embryo, but then undergo a significant remodelling to form the final asymmetrical structure of the great arteries.
Structure
Arches 1 and 2
The first and second arches disappear early. A remnant of the 1st arch forms part of the maxillary artery, a branch of the external carotid artery. The ventral end of the second develops into the ascending pharyngeal artery, and its dorsal end gives origin to the stapedial artery, a vessel which typically atrophies in humans but persists in some mammals. The stapedial artery passes through the ring of the stapes and divides into supraorbital, infraorbital, and mandibula branches which follow the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The infraorbital and mandibular branches arise from a common stem, the terminal part of which anastomoses with the external carotid artery. On the obliteration of the stapedial artery, this anastomosis enlarges and forms the internal maxillary artery; branches formerly of the stapedial artery are subsequently considered branches of the internal maxillary artery. The common stem of the infraorbital and mandibular branches passes between the two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve and becomes the middle meningeal artery; the original supraorbital branch of the stapedial is represented by the orbital twigs of the middle meningeal.
Note that the external carotid buds from the horns of the aortic sac left behind by the regression of the first two arches.
Arch 3
The third aortic arch constitutes the commencement of the internal carotid artery, and is therefore named the carotid arch.
It contributes to the common carotid artery and the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery.
Arch 4
Also known as the systemic arch. The fourth right arch forms the most proximal segment of the right subclavian artery, as far as the origin of its internal thoracic branch. The fourth left arch forms a part of the arch of the aorta, between the origin of the left common carotid and the left subclavian arteries.
Arch 5
The fifth arch either never forms or forms incompletely and then regresses.
Arch 6
The proximal part of the sixth right arch persists as the proximal part of the right pulmonary artery while the distal section degenerates; The sixth left arch gives off the left pulmonary artery and forms the ductus arteriosus; this duct remains pervious during the whole of fetal life, but then closes within the first few days after birth due to increased O2 concentration. Oxygen concentration causes the production of bradykinin which causes the ductus to constrict occluding all flow. Within 1–3 months, the ductus is obliterated and becomes the ligamentum arteriosum.
The ductus arteriosus connects at a junction point that has a low pressure zone (commonly called Bernoulli's principle) created by the inferior curvature (inner radius) of the artery. This low pressure region allows the artery to receive (siphon) the blood flow from the pulmonary artery which is under a higher pressure. However, it is extremely likely that the major force driving flow in this artery is the markedly different arterial pressures in the pulmonary and systemic circulations due to the different arteriolar resistances.
His showed that in the early embryo the right and left arches each gives a branch to the lungs, but that later both pulmonary arteries take origin from the left arch.
Clinical significance
Most defects of the great arteries arise as a result of persistence of aortic arches that normally should regress or regression of arches that normally shouldn't.
Aberrant subclavian artery; with regression of the right aortic arch 4 and the right dorsal aorta, the right subclavian artery has an abnormal origin on the left side, just below the left subclavian artery. To supply blood to the right arm, this forces the right subclavian artery to cross the midline behind the trachea and esophagus, which may constrict these organs, although usually with no clinical symptoms.
A double aortic arch; occurs with the development of an abnormal right aortic arch in addition to the left aortic arch, forming a vascular ring around the trachea and esophagus, which usually causes difficulty breathing and swallowing. Occasionally, the entire right dorsal aorta abnormally persists and the left dorsal aorta regresses in which case the right aorta will have to arch across from the esophagus causing difficulty breathing or swallowing.
Right-sided aortic arch
Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of the aorta
Additional images
See also
Pharyngeal arches
References
External links
Diagram at University of Michigan
Embryology of cardiovascular system
Pharyngeal arches |
4041311 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJZE | WJZE | WJZE (Hot 97-3) is a Mainstream Urban radio station serving the Toledo area in Ohio, United States. The Urban Radio Broadcasting outlet broadcasts at 97.3 MHz with an ERP of 4,300 Watts and is licensed to Oak Harbor, Ohio. The station's studios are located in downtown Toledo, and its transmitter is located west of Woodville, Ohio.
History
Jazzy 97
The Station was originally assigned the call letters WUIA but they were never used. 97.3 FM signed on September 18, 1993 with a Smooth Jazz format known as Jazzy 97, the call letters WJZE matched the station's name. The station was owned by Oak Harbor Community Broadcasting, Inc. The company's name would later change to RASP Broadcasting Enterprises, Inc. Studios and offices were located at 1600 Woodville Road in nearby Millbury.
Classic Rock 97.3 WJZE
WJZE dropped its smooth jazz format for classic rock in mid-1996. A few months prior to the change, 94.5 WXKR had dropped its popular classic rock format for Adult Alternative, leaving Toledo without a full-time classic rock station. The station became simply known as "Classic Rock 97.3 WJZE, the station that brought classic rock back to Toledo". WJZE did moderately well despite its spotty signal on the west side of town. However, on February 2, 1998, 94.5 WXKR changed its format back to classic rock. It soon became apparent, that with WXKR's 30,000–watt signal, WJZE could not compete with only 3,000 watts of power.
Buzz 106.5 and 97.3
In the summer of 1998, WJZE dumped its Classic rock format for a full-time simulcast of WBUZ, going by the name "Buzz 106.5 and 97.3".
WBUZ (now WTOD) was sold to Cumulus Broadcasting in early 1999. 106.5 rebranded itself as "Pure Rock 106", the only time 97.3 was mentioned was in the top of the hour ID. The simulcast on WJZE continued until the agreement between WJZE and Cumulus ended.
97.3 The Fox
On August 1, 2000, Clear Channel Broadcasting (now iHeartRadio) entered into a local marketing Agreement (LMA) with WJZE's owner RASP Broadcasting. The station became 97.3 The Fox, with a classic hits format. The station ran without DJs most of the day.
Hot 97.3
In early 2005, RASP Broadcasting sold WJZE to Urban Radio Broadcasting. On March 15, the classic hits format was dropped in favor of an Urban format as "Hot 97.3".
External links
New HOT 97.3 Homepage
JZE
Mainstream urban radio stations in the United States
Urban Radio Broadcasting radio stations |
5377273 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Alban%27s%20College | St. Alban's College | St. Alban's College is a private, boarding, English medium and day high school for boys situated in the suburb of Lynnwood Glen in Pretoria in the Gauteng province of South Africa. It was founded in 1963 by Anton Murray. Its history, influence, wealth, and academic reputation have made it one of the most prestigious schools in South Africa. The sister school is called St. Mary's Diocesan School for Girls.
History
The school was founded on 1 February 1963 with a student body of 37 boys and 3 masters. It now has 580 boys and 43 teachers plus support staff.
The founder-Headmaster, Anton Murray, was a South African cricketer, who worked for twenty years at the school. Paul Marsh was headmaster during a transitional phase lasting for four years. Ronnie Todd introduced many radical changes during his ten years as headmaster, and following his position as headmaster went on to open St Peter's College. The fourth headmaster was Grant Nupen, who was one of the 37 Foundation Scholars in 1963 and went on to become the first Head Boy, a position he held for three years.
Under the direction of the fifth headmaster, Tom Hamilton, the school celebrated its 50th birthday in 2013.
Headmasters
Sport
Sports offered include rugby and hockey (the main sports in the winter time), cricket, swimming, rowing, basketball and water polo (in summer). Other sports are golf, soccer, tennis, squash, athletics and cross-country running (also known as bounds).
The sports that are played at the school are:
Archery
Athletics
Basketball
Chess
Cricket
Cross country
Golf
Hockey
Mountain biking
Rowing
Rugby
Football (soccer)
Squash
Swimming
Table tennis
Tennis
Water polo
Music
The St Alban's College chapel choir attended the World Choir Games for the first time in the school's history in 2008. In 2010, the choir completed a tour of the United States, where it toured the East Coast and performed at places including the Washington National Cathedral in Washington D.C.
The school has a singing group, the Barbershop Boys, comprising singers selected from the chapel choir, usually around 15-20 boys, who sing a cappella. The Barbershop Boys began the school's "Music Tours" with their tour to Argentina in 2004.
Notable Old Boys
List of the matriculants of St Alban's College are in alphabetical order.
Mlungisi Bali (Class of 2008) - South African professional rugby player
Roger Goode - Radio DJ
Jean-Philip Grobler (Class of 2001) - AKA St. Lucia, front-man for the band St. Lucia (musician)
Kurt Haupt (Class of 2007) - South African-German rugby player
Jason Jenkins (Class of 2013) - Springbok and Blue Bulls rugby player
Michael Kumbirai (Class of 2014) - South African professional rugby player
Bongi Mbonambi (Class of 2009) Springbok professional rugby player
Simon Miller (Class of 2019) - South African professional rugby player
Abongile Nonkontwana (Class of 2013) - South African professional rugby player
David Rattray (Class of 1976) - historian, fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (1958 – 2007)
John Smith (Class of 2008) - Olympic gold medalist for Rowing, light weight coxless four, 2012 London Olympics.
Richard Sterne (Class of 1999) - South African professional golfer
Jabulani Tsambo (Class of 1998) - South African hip-hop artist
Dan van Zyl (Class of 1989) - South African professional cricket & rugby player
References
External links
Anglican schools in South Africa
Boarding schools in South Africa
Private schools in Gauteng
Educational institutions established in 1963
Boys' schools in South Africa
1963 establishments in South Africa |
4041315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moosylvania | Moosylvania | Moosylvania is a fictional island located in the Lake of the Woods along the Canada–United States border that served as a plot device in The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show.
The island has no permanent population, and conditions are said to be harsh and unpleasant. The island is in a state of terra nullius, since neither Canada nor the United States wants to claim the land and each country says it belongs to the other. (See Bir Tawil for a similar real-life example of this.) Bullwinkle J. Moose serves as Moosylvania's presumed namesake and its governor but only stays two weeks at a time, since (according to Bullwinkle) "after two weeks here, anyplace else in the world feels like Heaven!"
In the series finale "Moosylvania Saved," Fearless Leader, the head of state of the Eastern European state of Pottsylvania, attempts to destroy Moosylvania. The plot is foiled when Bullwinkle, who was going to go down with his sinking country, asked Rocky for a stick of gum, which inspired Rocky the Flying Squirrel to raise up Moosylvania with bubble gum balloons. The plan worked and Moosylvania was saved, giving the series a happy ending.
In the fall of 1962, Jay Ward, producer of the Rocky and Bullwinkle show, decided to campaign for statehood for Moosylvania. Ward sent Skip Craig to Minnesota to buy an island in Lake of the Woods. Craig wasn't able to find one for sale on the U.S. side of the lake (most of the islands in that lake belong to Canada), but managed to lease one for three years. Ward and publicist Howard Brandy conducted a cross-country tour in a decorated van, gathering signatures on a petition for statehood for Moosylvania. While in Washington, D.C., they sought an audience with President John F. Kennedy. However, they arrived at the White House on the very day the Cuban Missile Crisis broke, and were ordered to leave.
A national anthem for Moosylvania was included on the mini-album A Salute to Moosylvania!! Recorded Live at the Moosylvania Jazz Festival, self-released by Jay Ward in 1962.
References
Fictional locations in North America
Fictional islands
The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends
Micronations in the United States
Lake of the Woods |
4041325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan%20Tweedie | Clan Tweedie | Tweedie or Tweedy is a Scottish clan name. The Clan Tweedie does not currently have a chief recognized by the Lord Lyon King of Arms and is therefore considered an Armigerous clan. However the surname is also considered a sept of the Clan Fraser. The name is derived from the lands of Tweedie which were along the Valley of the River Tweed in Peebleshire in the Scottish Borders.
History
Mythical origins of the clan
Scottish tradition ascribes the origin of the Tweedie name to be that of a water sprite in the River Tweed. Legend tells of a husband who went off to fight in the crusades and while he was away his young wife became pregnant and so he returned home to find he had a son. His wife then told him that she had gone down to the banks of the River Tweed and had been accosted by a fairy of the river and become pregnant by him. Her husband, for whatever reason, chose to believe this story but on the condition that the son kept the surname of Tweedie. However the family name was certainly derived from the lands of Tweedie whether the story about the water fairy or spirit is true or not.
Early history
The Tweedies have a history of being a powerful and domineering family, whose principal seat was Drumelzier in Tweeddale. The first recorded Tweedie is John de Tueda as he describes himself in the reign of Alexander II (1214–1249), who afterwards had a Charter from Alexander III (1249–1286), granted him under the name of John de Tuedy. He was the owner of lands on the River Tweed from which the family took their name, and even then the family connections and possessions were widespread and powerful
Finlay de Twydyn appears in the Ragman Rolls of 1296 swearing fealty to King Edward I of England, and his son Roger of Twydyn, received a charter to the house and lands of Drumelzier around 1320. The family held these lands for over 300 years. Chambers in his History of Peebleshire described the Tweedies as being a savage race and another commentator of the eighteenth century described them as being a powerful and domineering family.
Tweedie of Drummelzier
The main centre of the Tweedie family until the 17th century was at Drummelzier, with other branches living at Wrae, Stobo, Dreva, Fruid and other forts and peel towers along the valley. The early history is one of lawlessness, typical of the Scottish borders at that time, with deadly feuds with neighbouring families, particularly the Veitch's. The Tweedies would charge tolls on travellers passing through their territory, be accused or the victims of cattle rustling, and become embroiled in affrays, often fatal, in the streets of Edinburgh.
A major incident occurred in 1524 when a large group of Tweedies were involved in the slaughter of Lord Fleming (chief of Clan Fleming) and the abduction of his son Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming – the dispute concerning the latter's intention to marry Catherine Fraser who in fact ended up marrying James Tweedie of Drummelzier. In 1592 another James Tweedie of Drumelzier was accused of the murder of Geddes of Glenhegdon in Edinburgh. The complaint against him states that it was not known how many slaughters had been committed by James Tweedie of Drumelzier and his friends. The ancient quarrel with the Veitches still broke out at times, and in 1611 attracted the notice of King James, one of whose last acts before leaving for England was to visit the district of Upper Tweedale with a view to staunching this bloody feud. However a year later it is said James Tweedie lay dead after a duel with Veitch of Dawick.
The fortunes of the Drummelzier family declined, and in 1633 the last Tweedie of Drummelzier was forced to sell the Barony of Drummelzier to Lord Hay of Yester.
Tweedie of Oliver
The Tweedies of Oliver Castle descend from a younger son of Drumelzier and they obtained their lands in the parish of Tweedsmuir from the preceptor of Torphichen in the 14th century.
In 1524 Thomas Tweedie of Oliver Castle was implicated in the murder of Lord Fleming (chief of Clan Fleming) which erupted into a bloody feud between the two families. Thomas was exiled from Scotland for three years in 1521. His son William is said to have been implicated in the conspiracy to murder Rizzio, the favourite of Mary, Queen of Scots. He and Adam Tweedie were among the body of armed men who, headed by Darnley, Morton, Ruthven, and others, on the night of 9 March 1566, rushed into the Palace at Holyrood and in the Queen's presence assassinated David Rizzio, her foreign Secretary and favourite musician. Along with the other conspirators, they were summoned on 19 March following to appear personally before the King and Queen and the Lords of the Secret Council to answer for the crime.
Subsequently, the Tweedies of Oliver adopted a more settled existence as comparatively prosperous landowners. In 1745 the Laird of that time, Thomas Tweedie, and other members of the family were careful to avoid any involvement in the Jacobite rising when Highland clans crossed the valley. However Tweedies attestation to the considerate and respectful behaviour Captain John Burnet of Colonel Grant's Highland Regiment on that occasion may have contributed to the latter's subsequent pardon.
Later descent from Oliver
This Thomas Tweedie married Mary Stevenson daughter of Alexander Stevenson of Venlaw Castle Their eldest son James inherited Oliver, but the line died out with Lawrence Tweedie (died 1837) who bequeathed Oliver to his nephew George Stodart provided he took the surname Tweedie and quartered the arms. The resulting Tweedie-Stodart descent has also since died out.
Thomas Tweedie's second son, another Thomas who lived at Kingledoors, is the antecedent of most of the Tweedies of Oliver descent through his son Alexander. Of Alexander's three sons, Thomas Stevenson Tweedie (1784–1855) became a surgeon in the East India Company. He had a family through an Anglo-Indian wife which he later disowned, and another family in Scotland. He added largely to the Quarter estate by purchasing many ancient possessions of the family, Kingledoors, Glenrath and Wrae, and also Rachan. His brother Maurice Tweedie (1787–1867) was a major general in the Indian Army who was Resident at Tanjore, served through the Coorg Campaign and other fighting, and commanded troops at Penang, Singapore, and Malacca. The third brother Michael Tweedie (1791–1874) also a soldier served in the Royal Artillery during the Peninsular War (1808–14). He married Frances Forbes and moved the Kent, establishing the Rawlinson Rolvenden line.
Michael Tweedie's son, another Michael Tweedie (1836–1917), was a major-general in the 1850s, throughout the Crimean War and during the Indian Mutiny. His son Admiral Sir Hugh Tweedie (1877–1951) had a distinguished naval career in the Royal Navy – he was aide-de-camp to King George V in 1925 and retired as an admiral in 1936, but was recalled at the outbreak of World War II. He was created a Knight of the Bath, in addition to holding the French Legion of Honour and the Japanese Order of the Rising Sun. Michael Forbes Tweedie, grandson of the first Michael Tweedie, is noted as the author of the Tweedie family history in 1902. Another descendant of the first Michael Tweedie was the naturalist Michael Tweedie, director of the Raffles Museum in Singapore.
Another Tweedie line, which is closely connected to Oliver, stems from Alexander Tweedie (died 1740) of Nether Minzion via his son James. James’ son Alexander Tweedie (1759–1811) moved to Dreva, and his son James Tweedie of Coates gave rise to families in Scotland and Chicago. A second son Thomas Tweedie (1760–1848) moved to Patavan and also had widely dispersed descendants.
Several others with the name Tweedie, identified in Peebles, surrounding areas of Peebleshire and Edinburgh up to the 19th century are most likely offshoots of the Tweed valley family.
Tweedy of Essex, The Hoo, Kempston, and Widmore Lodge
The branch descends from a George Twedye, born c. 1430, who was recorded in the Herald's Visitation of Essex 1558 and 1612 as coming "owt of Scotland frome a howse called Dromelzane". His arms were noted as Quarterly 1st & 4th Argent a saltire engrailed Gules a Chief Azure (for Twedye); 2nd & 3rd Azure a Cross pattee ermine between 3 Cinquefoils Or, (for Fraser) – a heraldic reference to the Tweedie connection with the Frasers. George's exact relationship to the Tweedies of Drummelzier has not been established. His great grandson, William Twedy, died in 1605 and is buried at Little Sampford, Essex. His memorial describes him as a distinguished military commander first under Queen Elizabeth of glorious memory in suppressing the tumults of the north of England, next under the invincible hero the Lord Baron de Willoughby in France, and lastly under the auspices of the illustrious Earl of Leicester, in the Netherlands, and was Warden of the military works at Bergen-op-Zoom.
The family remained in Essex until the 16th century, when it moved to Yorkshire before returning to the South of England in the 18th century. The family was centred on Bromley, Kent. Colonel George Tweedy HEIC lived at Bromley House, John Newman Tweedy lived at Widmore House and his son, Arthur Hearne Tweedy, at Widmore Lodge. The family's connection with Bromley is commemorated by the naming of Tweedy Road in the centre of the town.
Arthur Hearne Tweedy died in 1925 unmarried, and the family is now represented by Captain Christopher John Tweedy, late of the Black Watch.
Other branches
In addition to the Tweedie families listed above, Michael Forbes Tweedie recorded the following pedigrees in his book The History of the Tweedie or Tweedy Family:
The Descendants Of The Rev. William King Tweedie, D.D.
Tweedy Of Cornwall.
Tweedie Of New Brunswick.
Tweedy Of Cloonamahon.
Tweedie In Quothquan, co.Sligo, Ireland.
Alexander Leslie Tweedie.
Tweedie in Dreva and Minzon, and of Coats
Alexander Gladstone Tweedie.
Tweedie From Lindores.
Andrew Tweedie in Edinburgh
Tweedie in Broughton Mains
See also
Tweedie
Tweedy
Tartan
Tartan: There is no registered tartan for this clan, but the Fraser tartan may be worn.
As at 2007 seven other Tweedie/Tweedy Coats of Arms have been registered at the Lyon Court, Edinburgh
References
External links
Michael Forbes Tweedie The History of the Tweedie or Tweedy Family (1902) Web Archive
Tweedie & Tweedy Genealogy
Tweedie and Tweedy Coats of Arms (20 variants)
Scottish clans
Armigerous clans |
5377277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slim%20Aarons | Slim Aarons | Slim Aarons (born George Allen Aarons; October 29, 1916 – May 30, 2006) was an American photographer noted for his images of socialites, jet-setters and celebrities.
Photography career
At 18 years old, Aarons enlisted in the United States Army, worked as a photographer at the United States Military Academy, and later served as a combat photographer in World War II and earned a Purple Heart. Aarons said combat had taught him the only beach worth landing on was "decorated with beautiful, seminude girls tanning in a tranquil sun."
After the war, Aarons moved to California and began photographing celebrities. In California, he shot his most praised photo, Kings of Hollywood, a 1957 New's Year's Eve photograph depicting Clark Gable, Van Heflin, Gary Cooper, and James Stewart relaxing at a bar in full formal wear. Aaron's work appeared in Life, Town & Country, and Holiday magazines.
Aarons never used a stylist, or a makeup artist. He made his career out of what he called "photographing attractive people doing attractive things in attractive places." An oft-cited example of this approach is his 1970 Poolside Gossip shot at the Kaufmann Desert House designed by Richard Neutra, with owner Nelda Linsk as one of the models in the photo. "I knew everyone," he said in an interview with The (London) Independent in 2002. "They would invite me to one of their parties because they knew I wouldn't hurt them. I was one of them." Alfred Hitchcock's film, Rear Window (1954), whose main character is a photographer played by Jimmy Stewart, is set in an apartment reputed to be based on Aarons' apartment.
In 1997, Mark Getty, the co-founder of Getty Images, visited Aarons in his home and bought Aarons' entire archive.
In 2017, filmmaker Fritz Mitchell released a documentary about Aarons, called Slim Aarons: The High Life. In the documentary it is revealed that Aarons was Jewish and grew up in conditions that were in complete contrast to what he told friends and family of his childhood. Aarons claimed that he was raised in New Hampshire, was an orphan, and had no living relations. After his death in 2006, his widow and daughter learned the truth that Aarons had grown up in a poor immigrant Yiddish-speaking family on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. As a boy his mother was diagnosed with mental health issues and admitted to a psychiatric hospital, which caused him to be passed around among relatives. He resented and had no relationship with his father and had a brother, Harry, who would later commit suicide. Several documentary interviewees postulate that if Aarons's true origins had been known, his career would have been unlikely to succeed within the restricted world of celebrity and WASP privilege his photography glamorized.
Death
Aarons died in 2006 in Montrose, New York, and was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Bibliography
References
External links
Slim Aarons at the International Fine Arts Consortium
Slim Aarons at the Staley-Wise Gallery
Slim Aarons at Artnet
Slim Aarons at the New York Social Diary
1916 births
2006 deaths
United States Army personnel of World War II
Photographers from New York City
Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery
Commercial photographers
People from Manhattan
American portrait photographers
United States Army soldiers
World War II photographers |
4041326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20Nievez | Jimmy Nievez | Jimmy Nievez, born in 1969, is a disc jockey of New York City, Boston, and San Juan, Puerto Rico. And Program Director from San Juan, Puerto Rico.
His most recent accomplishments were as Program Director of two of Uno Radio Group's most important radio stations, Fidelity and SalSoul. At Fidelity, an adult contemporary station, Nievez was able to bring the station the luster it had lost. This earned him the respect of his superiors and the chance to Program their most difficult and important station, SalSoul.
His career started in the mid-1980s. After several years of disc jockeying in numerous radio stations, Nieves became one of the original disc jockeys of Cosmos 94 FM, Tu Emisora Radioactiva. The first radio station targeting Underground Rap followers, known today as the music phenomenon reggaeton. Cosmos was also the first radio chain in Puerto Rico, covering the entire island.
In 1998, Jimmy was offered the opportunity to be part of a new radio station in New York, Caliente 105.9. Nieves was co-host of "La Jungla De New York" (The New York Jungle), alongside Danny Cruz. An afternoon drive talk show, which soon became the stations' biggest hit. At Caliente, he was also in charge of creating the station's identity.
In New York City, television became an integral part of his resume, as he co-hosted a variety and entertainment show called "Sabado Al Mediodia" (Saturday at Midday), which became the top rated local Spanish television program on Univision's New York affiliate, WXTV-41.
Nievez was given the opportunity to host Jimmy y Boquita En La Manana on WEMG in Boston, with Dominican comedian Rosemery Almonte. Boquita achieving the highest ratings in the station's history.
Following his success in Boston, came yet another chance at hosting a morning talk show in the Big Apple and his third DJ gig in a brand new project. At Rumba 107.1 FM, Nieves hosted "Wassup NY", while still working with "Boquita".
He returned to Puerto Rico to work again with Danny Cruz, in La Perrera (The Dog House). An afternoon drive talk show on Puerto Rico's top-rated radio network, Cadena Salsoul. Nieves was then called, for a third time, to host a show in NYC once again. Alongside Dominican entertainer Frederick Martinez, "El Pacha", El Jangueo (Hanging) at WCAA, became the biggest hit at New York's only reggaeton station.
Today He leaves the stages and the lights to become one of the most important executives in the radio of Puerto Rico. He is the director of Uno Radio Group.
Appearances, interviews, and awards
He has been interviewed on television shows such as "Despierta America" (Univision) and "Escandalo TV" (Telefutura), and has also appeared in mayor local Latino events such as the Puerto Rican Day Parade (Timeline of New York City events) and Dominican Day Parade.
He has himself interviewed many major Latino celebrities and personalities including Ricky Martin, Juanes, Celia Cruz, Rubén Blades, Alejandro Fernández, Shakira, and Daddy Yankee.
Early years
He was born in New York City (Spanish Harlem, also known as East Harlem or El Barrio) to Puerto Rican parents. At the age of ten Jimmy's family moved to Puerto Rico where he grew up and lived most of his youth years.
At age 14, he started working at different radio stations in the southern coast of Puerto Rico, soon he was doing everything from production, to board operator, and DJing. He even gained experience as a Program Director of WENA, in Yauco, Puerto Rico. It was this experience at WENA which later became evident in his success at Uno Radio Group. He got the opportunity to host his first morning show on WRIO FM in Ponce City. From there on, Jimmy garnered enough experience to take him to the radio big leagues in NYC.
External links
Jimmy Nieves
La Kalle 105.9 FM
Arbitron
Bajo Fuego
See also
El Jangueo
List of Puerto Ricans
American radio personalities
Living people
1969 births
People from East Harlem
People from San Juan, Puerto Rico |
4041327 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Courtney | USS Courtney | USS Courtney has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:
, a patrol vessel, originally named William J. Courtney, in commission from 1917 to 1919
, a destroyer escort in commission from 1956 to 1973
See also
, a patrol boat in commission from 1917 to 1918
United States Navy ship names |
5377281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1%20Skuhrav%C3%BD | Tomáš Skuhravý | Tomáš Skuhravý (born 7 September 1965, in Český Brod) is a Czech former footballer who played as a striker.
Club career
At club level, Skuhravý mostly played in the Italian Serie A in the early 1990s with Genoa, being signed from Sparta Prague, forming a prolific partnership with Uruguayan Carlos Aguilera. Tall and powerful Skuhravy usually attained full shape and proficiency later in the season while the smaller and quicker Aguilera gave his best in the early matches; together they managed to give Genoa a solid attack all-year round. In the 1990–91 season, the two players scored 15 goals apiece, good for tied-third in the scorers' standings, leading Genoa to a fourth place in the final standings, arguably the best result in the club's modern history. The following year he helped his team reach the semi-finals in the UEFA Cup, ultimately being eliminated by eventual champions Ajax Amsterdam. Skuhravý scored a total of 57 goals with Genoa, becoming the best club goalscorer in the Serie A for the rossoblu. He left Genoa in 1995 to join Sporting Clube de Portugal, where he ended his playing career.
International career
At international level, Skuhravý played for Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic, playing a total of 49 international matches, scoring 17 goals. For Czechoslovakia he played 43 matches and scored 14 goals, while for the Czech Republic he played six matches, scoring three goals. He was a participant in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, where he scored five goals to become the second highest scorer for the tournament. This included a hat-trick against Costa Rica.
Post-playing career
In September 2018, Skuhravy was announced to have made a return into football as the new club manager of Serie C club Cuneo. He left Cuneo in June 2019 following the club's exclusion from the Italian football leagues due to financial problems.
Personal life
After retirement, Skuhravý moved back to Liguria; he currently lives in Celle Ligure, where he works as a restaurant owner and football pundit for a local TV channel. His cousin Roman Skuhravý is a former football player and currently a football manager.
References
External links
1965 births
People from Kolín District
Living people
Czechoslovak footballers
Czech footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
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Serie A players
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Sportspeople from the Central Bohemian Region |
5377286 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman%20Shukur | Salman Shukur | Salman Shukur was born in 1921 in Baghdad, Iraq, where he died in 2007. He studied oud under Sherif Muheddin Haydar at the Baghdad Conservatory. Later, he became Professor of oud and the head of the Oriental Music Department at the Institute founded by Sharif Muheddin, and held that post for 30 years. He was also Artistic Advisor for the Iraqi Ministry of Information. He performed frequently for Iraqi radio and television, and performed in concert in China, Iran, Egypt,
Germany, England, and the United States. He has performed publicly as recently as 1997. He made only one full-length recording, for Decca Headline, "Salman Shukur - oud", HEAD 16 PSI, recorded in Rosslyn Hill Chapel in London in 1976 by James Mallinson and Stanley Gooddall, notes by John Haywood, released in 1977, and a brief excerpt of his solo oud performance in Rast Iraq can be heard on the Tangent Record series Music In The World Of Islam: Lutes (re-issued by Topic Records).
For this recording, Salman Shukur used an oud built by the son of Ustad Ali, Mohammad Ali. It features six courses, and the lowest-pitched single string is in the lowest physical place when the oud is played so the string order is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1. Like Jamil Bashir he tuned the instrument very high - from G to G - instead of the traditional C to C. It has a traditional glued-to-the-face bridge, to which the strings are tied. Like many students of Sherif Muheddin Haydar, Salman Shukur uses a plectrum some of the time, and all four fingers of his right hand some of the time, when playing.
References
1921 births
2007 deaths
Iraqi musicians
Iraqi oud players
Musicians from Baghdad |
4041335 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer%20ginnala | Acer ginnala | Acer ginnala, the Amur maple, is a plant species with woody stems native to northeastern Asia from easternmost Mongolia east to Korea and Japan, and north to the Russian Far East in the Amur River valley. It is a small maple with deciduous leaves that is sometimes grown as a garden subject or boulevard tree.
Description
Acer ginnala is a deciduous spreading shrub or small tree growing to tall, with a short trunk up to diameter and slender branches. The bark is thin, dull gray-brown, and smooth at first but becoming shallowly fissured on old plants. The leaves are opposite and simple, long and wide, deeply palmately lobed with three or five lobes, of which two small basal lobes (sometimes absent) and three larger apical lobes; the lobes are coarsely and irregularly toothed, and the upper leaf surface glossy. The leaves turn brilliant orange to red in autumn, and are on slender, often pink-tinged, petioles long. The flowers are yellow-green, diameter, produced in spreading panicles in spring as the leaves open. The fruit is a paired reddish samara, long with a wing, maturing in late summer to early autumn.
Taxonomy
Amur maple is closely related to Acer tataricum (Tatar maple), and some botanists treat it as a subspecies A. tataricum subsp. ginnala (Maxim.) Wesm. The glossy, deeply lobed leaves of A. ginnala distinguish it from A. tataricum, which has matte, unlobed or only shallowly lobed leaves.
Cultivation and uses
Acer ginnala is grown as an ornamental plant in northern regions of Europe and North America. It is the most cold-tolerant maple, hardy to zone 2. It is naturalised in parts of North America. Planted on exceptional sites facing south west with consistent moisture and light loamy soils, this tree can grow 3 to 4 feet per year making it a fast grower. It is often planted as a shrub along borders.
In the UK it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
It is also valued in Japan and elsewhere as a species suitable for bonsai.
It is a nonnative invasive species in parts of northern America.
Cultivars
Due to its vigor and fall colors of yellows and bright reds, the size being a small tree of 6 metres (20 feet) wide by 6 m tall on average, it suits many for smaller landscapes and for planting under power lines. Cultivars have emerged for those wanting these attributes.
Flame (Fiery red autumn foliage, very strong vigor)
References
External links
Winter ID pictures
ginnala
Flora of Mongolia
Flora of China
Flora of the Russian Far East
Flora of Eastern Asia
Plants used in bonsai
Garden plants of Asia
Trees of Korea |
5377287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermagoras | Hermagoras | Hermagoras may refer to:
Hermagoras of Amphipolis (3rd century BC), stoic philosopher
Hermagoras of Temnos (1st century BC), rhetorician
Hermagoras of Aquileia (3rd century AD), first bishop of Aquileia and saint |
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