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4026813 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon%20Stratton | Solomon Stratton | Solomon Stratton (1745-1818) was an American soldier and explorer born in Amherst County, Virginia. He was a veteran of the Revolutionary War and George Rogers Clark's 1778 expedition to Illinois in which Fort Kaskaskia was captured from the British. After learning of the purpose and destination of the Clark's expedition, many of the Virginia recruits from west of the Alleghany mountains objected and returned to their homes. Stratton, along with a few other fellow Virginians, reasserted their commitments to Clark in the face of their neighbors' cowardice, and stayed through the completion of the expedition. In 1788, Solomon, accompanied by his sons, explored the Southern Appalachian region and in 1796 established one of the first settlements in what is now Eastern Kentucky. In 1797 he helped to found the city of Prestonsburg, Kentucky. He died in 1818 near present-day Stanville, Kentucky and was buried in an unmarked grave near the Big Sandy River.
References
Kentucky Historical Society (Marker number: 690)
1745 births
1818 deaths
Kentucky militiamen in the American Revolution |
4026838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelphailurus | Adelphailurus | Adelphailurus is an extinct genus of saber-toothed cats of the family Felidae and tribe Metailurini which inhabited western North America during the Miocene, living from 10.3 to 5.33 Ma and existing for approximately .
Taxonomy
Adelphailurus was named by Hibbard (1934). Its type is Adelphailurus kansensis. It was assigned to Felidae by Hibbard (1934) and Carroll (1988); and to Machairodontinae by Martin (1998).
Morphology
It was a cougar-sized animal and may have had habits similar to those of a cougar. Its body had the same shape as a cougar except for a long and compressed upper canine. This would place this cat into the "false-sabertooth" group. Apart from that Adelphailurus had a retained upper second premolar, which is unusual for a cat.
References
External links
Metailurini
Miocene felids
Miocene mammals of North America
Prehistoric carnivoran genera |
4026839 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Grandi | Thomas Grandi | Thomas Grandi (born 27 December 1972 in Bolzano, Italy) is a Canadian retired alpine skier. He specialized in technical skiing giant slalom and slalom.
Skiing career
Grandi started in the Alpine Skiing World Cup in the 1992-93 season. His first top ten finish in the World Cup came in December 1996 where he finished in 10th position in the Giant Slalom in Alta Badia, Italy. In the 1997-98 World Cup season, he had his first top three finish when he finished in third place in a Giant Slalom race in Park City.
Grandi's first wins in the World Cup both came in December 2004, when he won Giant Slaloms in Alta Badia and Flachau. The victory at Alta Badia made Grandi the first Canadian male skier to win a World Cup technical race.
He participated at the 2002 Winter Olympics, finishing 12th place in the Giant Slalom and 16th place in the slalom. He also participated in the 2006 Winter Olympics.
Following the 2006 Olympic Winter Games, Grandi posted three successive top three finishes in World Cup slalom, moving his career total to 9 World Cup podiums, ranking 3rd amongst Canadian men.
In March 2007 after a 14-year career with the Canadian ski team to spend more time with family. In July 2008, Grandi announced his return to competitive skiing as he hopes to earn a podium finish at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. On March 16, 2009, Grandi decided his commitment to his family outweighed his desire to continue his competitive skiing career and announced his retirement once and for all.
Personal life
Grandi's wife is Canadian cross-country skier Sara Renner, who captured the silver medal in Turin 2006 Olympics in the team sprint with Beckie Scott. Together they now own a popular Boutique Hotel in Canmore, Alberta, the Paintbox Lodge.
World cup victories
References
External links
1972 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Bolzano
Olympic alpine skiers of Canada
Canadian male alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Italian emigrants to Canada |
4026847 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road%20signs%20in%20Sweden | Road signs in Sweden | Road signs in Sweden are regulated in Vägmärkesförordningen, VMF (2007:90), and are to be placed 2 metres from the road with the sign 1.6 m from the base for motorized roads. Except for route numbers, there are a maximum of three signs on a pole, with the most important sign at the top. All signs have a reflective layer added on selected parts of the sign as is custom in European countries; most larger signs also have their own illumination.
Most signs are based on pictograms, with some exceptions like the prohibition-sign for stop at customs and signal and speed limit signs.
If the sign includes text, the text is written in Swedish, except the stop sign, which is written in English ("STOP").
Swedish road signs depict people with realistic (as opposed to stylized) silhouettes.
Major differences between Swedish and general European signs
Like other countries in Europe, Swedish signs follow the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals.
Whereas European signs usually have white background on warning and prohibition signs, the Swedish signs have a yellow/orange colour. This is for the purpose of enhancing the visibility of the sign during the winter, as white signs would be hard to see in the snow. The prohibition signs have a red line across them if there is a symbol on them, not if it is a numeric value. General European prohibition signs do not usually have such a red line. Swedish warning and prohibition signs also have a thicker border than their European counterparts. Traffic signs in Slovenia and Finland are quite similar.
History
Around 1930 some warning signs and prohibitory signs looking like today's signs with yellow background were introduced. The direction indication signs were however yellow with black text. Around 1965, there was a reform where the colour of those were changed to dark blue with white text. Around 1980, Sweden followed the Vienna convention rule that motorways should have a different colour, so green was introduced for them, and medium blue for ordinary roads.
Private road direction sign
The reason there is a sign indicating private road, is because they are not strictly private. A private road is a road that is not maintained by the state or municipality, but by a private person or association. An owner of a private road in Sweden can prohibit cars (but not people) from using the road. But if the state pays support for the maintenance, cars can't be prohibited. This is mostly the case if several families live along the road. Then they must form an association for it. The Swedish word for this kind of road is "enskild", that can be both translated to "private" and "individual". The background of the sign is yellow, indicating that the quality is often less good, and warning signs might be missing. Signs indicating roads owned by companies or leading to companies usually have white background instead.
Warning signs
Warning signs are triangular and have red borders, but in contrast with those of most other countries that use triangular warning signs, Swedish signs have yellow backgrounds, rather than white. More types of warning signs for animals are used than in most European countries, such as moose, deer, wild boar, reindeer, sheep, horse, and cow appearing alongside roads.
Priority signs
The pedestrian and bicycle crossing signs are priority signs in Sweden, whereas the pedestrian crossing sign is regarded as a special regulation sign in the Vienna convention on road signs and signals. A sign for bicycle crossing is not yet implemented in the Vienna convention.
Prohibitory signs
Prohibitory signs are round with yellow backgrounds and red borders, except the international standard stop sign that is an octagon with red background and white border and the no parking and no standing signs that have a blue background instead of yellow.
Stop at customs
The sign "Stop at customs" ("Stopp vid tull") is multilingual and exists in four variants.
Mandatory signs
Mandatory signs are always round blue signs with white border.
Special regulation signs
Signs giving information
Other signs
Additional panels
A Supreme Court case has clarified that if there are multiple individually framed additional panels for a road sign, they add information to the road sign, not to each other. The two panels in the case was Avgift (fee) and the other 4 hours 9-18, which means that there is mandatory fee anytime and maximum 4 hours 9 am-6pm.
Traffic light signals
Note: tip-down triangles indicates blinking/flashing light.
Road markings
Signals by police officers
Retired signs
References
External links
Swedish Transport Agency
Sweden
Signs
Traffic signals
Driving in Sweden |
4026856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jokei | Jokei | Jokei and Jōkei may refer to several Japanese individuals:
Jōkei (monk) (1155–1212), a monk of the Hossō school of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Jōkei (sculptor) (late 11th century), a member of the Kei school of sculpture during the Kamakura period
Sumiyoshi Jokei (1599–1670), a painter of the Edo period
It may also refer to a visual novel, or the anime based upon the visual novel:
Jōkei (visual novel), an eroge by Silky's, distributed by ELF Corporation |
4026867 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gian%20Vincenzo%20Pinelli | Gian Vincenzo Pinelli | Gian Vincenzo Pinelli (1535 – 31 August 1601) was an Italian humanist, born in Naples and known as a savant and a mentor of Galileo. His literary correspondence put him at the center of a European network of virtuosi. He was also a noted botanist, bibliophile and collector of scientific instruments.
He died in Padua, where he is commemorated by Vincenzo Pinelli, and by the Aroid genus Pinellia.
Collector
His enormous library was probably the greatest in 16th-century Italy, consisting of around 8,500 printed works at the moment of his death, plus hundreds of manuscripts. When he died, in 1601, Nicolas Fabri de Peiresc was in his house and spent some of the following months studying his library and taking notes from its catalogues. Pinelli's secretary, Paolo Gualdo, wrote and published (1607) a biography of Pinelli which is also the portrait of the perfect scholar and book-collector.
His collection of manuscripts, when it was purchased from his estate in 1608 for the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, filled 70 cases. Pinelli stood out among the early bibliophile collectors who established scientific bases for the methodically assembled private library, aided by the comparatively new figure—in the European world— of the bookseller.
His love of books and manuscripts, and his interest in optics, labored under a disability: a childhood mishap had destroyed the vision of one eye, forcing him to protect his weak vision with green-tinted lenses. Cautious and withdrawn by nature, detesting travel whether by road or canal boat, wracked by the gallstones that eventually killed him, he found solace in the library he amassed over a period of fifty years (Nuovo 2003).
Leonardo's treatise on painting, Trattato della Pittura, was transcribed in the Codex Pinellianus ca. 1585, perhaps expressly for Pinelli who made annotations in it. Pinelli's codex was the source for the Barberini codex from which it was eventually printed, ostensibly edited by Raphael du Fresne, in 1651 . Pinelli's interest in the new science of optics was formative for Galileo Galilei, for whom Pinelli opened his library in the 1590s, where Galileo read the unpublished manuscripts, consisting of lecture notes and drafts of essays on optics, of Ettore Ausonio, a Venetian mathematician and physician, and of Giuseppe Moleto, professor of mathematics at Padua (Dupre).
Beside his Greek and Latin libraries of manuscripts his collection included the original Arabic manuscript from which was translated and printed the Descrizione dell'Africa of Leo Africanus.
Other interests
He was among Europe's early botanists, and also collected mathematical instruments. He had taken musical instruction from the great madrigalist Philippe de Monte, with whom he continued a correspondence. He kept his amanuensis Camillus Venetus (Zanettus) busy.
In the field of botany, he collected herbs in his garden and corresponded with the father of Italian botany, Luca Ghini, who pioneered the techniques of drying and pressing plant material for a herbarium and whose papers he transcribed after Ghini's death, while the botanists who would be considered Ghini's heirs, like Andrea Mattioli and Ulisse Aldrovandi, clamored for them.
Pinelli's voluminous correspondence with the French humanist and book collector Claude Dupuy was published in 2001.
References
Paolo Gualdo, Vita Ioannis Vincentii Pinelli, Patricii Genuensis. In qua studiosis bonarum artium, proponitur typus viri probi et eruditi. Autore Paulo Gualdo, Augustae Vindelicorum, Ad Insigne Pinus (=Markus Welser) (excudit Christophorus Mangus), cum privilegio Caes. Perpetuo, 1607
Adolfo Rivolta, Catalogo dei codici Pinelliani dell'Ambrosiana, Milano 1933
Raugei Anna Maria, (editor) 2001. (Florence:Olschki)
Angela Nuovo, 2003. "Introduzione al catalogo di bibliografie"
Angela Nuovo, A proposito del carteggio Pinelli-Dupuy, «Bibliotheca. Rivista di studi bibliografici» 2002/2, p. 96-115
Angela Nuovo, Testimoni postumi. La biblioteca di Gian Vincenzo Pinelli tra le carte di Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, in L'organizzazione del sapere. Studi in onore di Alfredo Serrai, a cura di Maria Teresa Biagetti, Milano, Ed. Bonnard, 2005, pp. 317–334
Angela Nuovo, Gian Vincenzo Pinelli's collection of catalogues of private libraries in sixteenth-century Europe, «Gutenberg-Jahrbuch» 2007, p. 129-144
Angela Nuovo, The Creation and Dispersal of the Library of Gian Vincenzo Pinelli, in Books on the Move: tracking copies through collections and the book trade, ed. by Giles Mandelbrote (et al.). New Castle, Delaware and London, UK Oak Knoll Press and The British Library, 2007, p. 39-68
Grendler, M. 1980. "A Greek Collection in Padua: The Library of Gian Vincenzo Pinelli" Renaissance Quarterly 33: 386-416.
—— 1981. "Book-collecting in Counter-Reformation Italy: the library of Gian Vincenzo Pinelli, 1535-1601", Journal of Library History, 16: 143-151
Sven Dupre, 2000. "Galileo, Optics and the Pinelli Circle" History of Science Society meeting, Vancouver (Abstract)
1535 births
1601 deaths
Italian Renaissance humanists
Writers from Padua
16th-century Italian botanists
Italian bibliophiles
Book and manuscript collectors
16th-century Italian scientists |
4026883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Escud%C3%A9 | Nicolas Escudé | Nicolas Jean-Christophe Escudé (born 3 April 1976) is a former professional tennis player from France, who turned professional in 1995. He won four singles titles and two doubles titles during his career.
Escudé is best remembered for the vital role he played in the 2001 Davis Cup final against Australia on the grass-courts of Melbourne. Escudé beat the recently crowned World No. 1, Lleyton Hewitt in the first rubber with a win in five sets, repeating what he did to Hewitt earlier that year in the fourth round of Wimbledon. Two days later, Escudé won the decisive fifth rubber for France against Wayne Arthurs in four sets.
The right-hander reached his highest individual ranking on the ATP Tour on 26 June 2000, when he became World No. 17. He's a natural left-hander who was trained since a child to play right-handed but does everything else lefty. His brother Julien Escudé is a professional football player.
Escudé teamed up with Roger Federer in the men's doubles at the French Open in 2000. However they were knocked out by Sébastien Lareau and Daniel Nestor.
In 2006, he announced his immediate retirement from the sport due to a persistent shoulder injury that had been keeping him out of the professional tennis circuit for the past 22 months.
Escudé was the captain of the France Fed Cup team from 2009 to 2012 and is now the co-coach of Nicolas Mahut since the 2013 season with Thierry Ascione and since 2014 of Jo-Wilfried Tsonga.
Career finals
Singles (4 wins, 2 losses)
Doubles (2 wins)
Singles performance timeline
Top 10 wins
External links
Bio – file with Nicolas Escude
1976 births
Living people
French expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
French male tennis players
French tennis coaches
Olympic tennis players of France
Sportspeople from Chartres
Tennis players from Geneva
Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics |
4026896 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCL | RCL | RCL may refer to:
Radial collateral ligament, one of three ligaments in the upper limb on the side of the radius bone:
Radial collateral ligament of elbow joint
Radial collateral ligament of thumb
Radial collateral ligament of wrist joint
Ramped Cargo Lighter, Canadian built landing craft of WW2
Ramped Craft Logistic, Landing craft operated by the Royal Logistic Corps of the British Army
Ramsey County Library, Minnesota, United States
RC Lens (Racing Club de Lens), a French Ligue 2 football team
Recoilless rifle
Reliance Capital Limited, an Indian financial services company
Revised Common Lectionary,in Christianity, a set of readings
Revolutionary Communist League (disambiguation), various political parties
RLC circuit, an electrical circuit with resistor, inductor, and capacitor, sometimes referred to as an RCL circuit
Robot Combat League, TV show of robot fighting competitions
Royal Canadian Legion, an ex-servicemen's organisation
Royal Caribbean Group (NYSE ticker code RCL), a holding company owning cruise lines
Rugby Club Luxembourg, a rugby union club in Luxembourg City |
4026900 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20A.%20Patten | James A. Patten | James A. Patten (1852–1928) was an American commodities speculator, financier, and politician. The mayor of Evanston from 1901 to 1905, Patten is best remembered as a leading financier of the Gilded Age.
Biography
James A. Patten was born at Freeland Corners, Illinois He attended the common schools and was early a clerk, a farmer, and an employee in the Illinois State department of grain inspection (1874–78), whence he learned the details and operation of the grain commission business. For 32 years from 1878 to 1910 he was a member of several firms.
Patten was the mayor of Evanston from 1901 to 1905. He was prominently before the public in connection with an attempt to corner the wheat crop in 1909. It was alleged that Patten himself secured control of more than 23,000,000 bushels of wheat, and that these holdings, together with those of his associates, were sufficient to force the price of wheat and flour up, while he gained enormous profits. He also operated his business in Liverpool where in 1911 on a trip to the Manchester Exchange his appearance caused a riot.
In addition to being mayor of Evanston, Illinois, Patten was also a trustee of Northwestern University where he donated funds to build the original Patten Gymnasium. The architect of the gym was George Maher who had designed Patten's house in Evanston.
Patten died in 1928.
See also
George Washington Maher —architect of the Patten House and the original Patten Gymnasium.
Footnotes
1852 births
1928 deaths
Businesspeople from Evanston, Illinois
Mayors of places in Illinois |
4026902 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20River%2C%20Ontario | South River, Ontario | South River is a village on Highway 124 near Algonquin Park in the Almaguin Highlands region of Parry Sound District of Ontario, Canada. It is about halfway between North Bay and Huntsville or a 3-hour drive (300 km) north from Toronto. South River has access to the Algonquin Park for canoeists at Kawawaymog (Round Lake). South River is home of Mikisew Provincial Park on the shores of Eagle Lake.
Transportation
The major form of transportation in South River is motorized vehicles. Highway 11 formerly passed through the town. Highway 11 was re-routed when it was upgraded to a closed-access highway and now passes west of the town, with an overpass over Eagle Lake Road. Construction for the bypass started in 2007 and was completed about 2011.
South River is served by the South River-Sundridge District Airport, which is a small airport about three miles from the town.
The South River railway station was served by the Northlander six days per week until autumn 2012. Currently, South River is served by the Ontario Northland bus and the privately-owned Northern Airport Passenger Service shuttle.
History
Logging in the area began in the 1860s, but it was not until 1881 when the first settlers, Robert Carter and his wife, arrived following the completion of the Grand Trunk Railway. Within a few years, they opened a general store and the new community, located on the eponymous South River, had hotels, a bank, a butcher shop, and jeweller. The river itself provided the power for a sawmill and grist mill, while also being used for log driving. In 1907, the village separated from Machar Township and was incorporated, with W.J. Ard as first reeve.
On Thanksgiving weekend of 1997, tragedy struck at the Hanson Homestead on Eagle Lake Road, when a lightning strike hit a group of eight working on the family maple syrup lines, and fatally injuring Dino Devalis. This strike was brought to light in the 2009 Canadian documentary Act of God by Jennifer Baichwal and featured an interview with Jean Ivens about the event.
Local Industry and activities
Cottagers are beginning to head north from Muskoka to more wilderness locations such as those found at Algonquin Moose Lodge in South River. Algonquin Moose Lodge is a resort that opened up in 2017. The lodge has accommodations for all types of budgets and varied accommodations such as a 3,200 square foot custom built log home, a smaller log home (that was original to the property) as well as some smaller cottages and even a tepee. This 32 acre resort is Algonquin's last frontier of unspoiled northern wilderness.
A colourful local landmark is the Algonquin Motel, which uses painted cabins and rooms to attract visitors. The motel has been in operation for about seventy years.
South River is the access point for another tourist attraction: dog sledding on the North Algonquin Dog Sled Trail. Park permits are required. Algonquin Park Canoe Trips out of South River are also available through Chocpaw, Northern Edge Algonquin, Northern Wilderness Trips, or Voyageur Quest Outfitting.
The Stewart Coughlin Riding Ranch provides horseback rides and riding instruction. A popular swimming spot is Eagle Lake Narrows, which is served by a general store that rents canoes. The Hockey Opportunity Camp, for boys and girls from 7 – 16 years old, is also on Eagle Lake.
The Swift Canoe and Kayak Factory has been in South River since 1989. It employs about twenty people. In the summer, Swift canoes are for sale next to the Tourist Information centre. There are many locations for freshwater fishing for smallmouth bass, whitefish, pickerel, rainbow trout, speckled trout, brook trout, lake trout, splake, ling perch and smelt.
There is a golf course, the Eagle Lake Golf and Country Club, which after decades as a nine-hole course, started expanding. It is currently a ten-hole course. An Indoor Golfer's Club is also available downtown.
The town has a public library. Artists Doreen Wood and Sue Nugent live in South River. Artist Margaret Cunningham is in Eagle Lake. In town, Renée's Café brings live music and concerts to South River.
South River has been home to a local microbrewery, South River Brewing Cimoany since 2009 The brewery has opened a larger facility in 2017 which will encourage tourism to the area, as well as hosting a Brewery Technician School that will teach technique to aspiring beer craftspeople.
Arts and crafts also attract tourism. One noticeable local enterprise is the studio of Groovy Glass Beads, where unique hand-made beads are made and sold. Ron Post makes handmade knives and sheaths. Other crafts are found at The Northern Crafter's Collective, Rustic Blessings, and the Bear Chair Company.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, South River had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
Mother tongue:
English as first language: 95.3%
French as first language: 1.4%
English and French as first language: 0%
Other as first language: 3.3%
References
External links
Municipalities in Parry Sound District
Single-tier municipalities in Ontario
Villages in Ontario |
4026930 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Pojman | Louis Pojman | Louis Paul Pojman ( April 22, 1935 – October 15, 2005) was an American philosopher and professor, whose name is most recognized as the author of dozens of philosophy texts and anthologies, which continue to be used widely for educational purposes, and more than one-hundred papers, which he read at some sixty universities around the world. Pojman was known for his work in applied ethics and philosophy of religion.
Writings
Louis Pojman was the author or editor of 34 books and 100 articles, including:
"The Logic of Subjectivity: Kierkegaard's Philosophy of Religion" (1984)
"Religious Belief and the Will" (1986)
"The Abortion Controversy" (2nd ed. 1998)
"Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong" (7th ed., 2012) [Co-author James Fieser]
"Global Environmental Ethics" (1999)
"Life and Death: Grappling with the Moral Dilemmas of Our Time" (2nd ed. 2000)
"Environmental Ethics: Readings in Theory and Application" (6th ed. 2011) [Co-author Paul Pojman (d. 2012)]
"The Moral Life: A Reader in Moral Philosophy" (5th ed. 2014) [Co-author Lewis Vaughn]
"Justice" (2006)
"Who Are We? Theories of Human Nature" (2006)
"How Should We Live? An Introduction to Ethics" (2005)
"Philosophy of Religion" (1998; re-issued in 2009)
"Philosophy of Religion: An Anthology" (6th ed., 2012) [Co-author Michael Rea]
"Philosophy: The Quest for Truth" (9th ed. 2014) [Co-author Lewis Vaughn]
"Philosophy: The Classics" (3rd ed. 2011) [Co-author Lewis Vaughn]
"Terrorism, Human rights, and The Case for World Government" (2006)
"Egoism and Altruism: A Critique of Ayn Rand" (2016)
See also
Moral absolutism
References
External links
www.louispojman.com Official website
1935 births
Nyack College alumni
Union Theological Seminary (New York City) alumni
Alumni of the University of Oxford
University of Mississippi faculty
Brigham Young University faculty
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Philosophy academics
American Christian writers
Christian philosophers
2005 deaths
People from Cicero, Illinois
Moral philosophers
Philosophers of religion
20th-century American philosophers
Kant scholars |
4026941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBT | ISBT | ISBT can stand for:
International Society of Blood Transfusion
International Student Badminton Tournament (or International Solibad Badminton Tournament)
Inter State Bus Terminals in India |
4026957 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel%20Roux | Lionel Roux | Lionel Roux (born 12 April 1973) is a former tennis player from France, who turned professional in 1991. He was French National Junior champion in 1991, but didn't win a tour-level title (singles or doubles) during his pro career. The right-hander reached his career-high singles ranking on the ATP Tour on 13 March 1995, when he became World No. 48. His best slam performance was reaching the 4th round of the 1998 Australian Open.
Roux has also made an appearance in the 2001 French comedy La Tour Montparnasse Infernale.
External links
1973 births
Living people
French male tennis players |
4026968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carath%C3%A9odory%27s%20extension%20theorem | Carathéodory's extension theorem | In measure theory, Carathéodory's extension theorem (named after the mathematician Constantin Carathéodory) states that any pre-measure defined on a given ring R of subsets of a given set Ω can be extended to a measure on the σ-algebra generated by R, and this extension is unique if the pre-measure is σ-finite. Consequently, any pre-measure on a ring containing all intervals of real numbers can be extended to the Borel algebra of the set of real numbers. This is an extremely powerful result of measure theory, and leads, for example, to the Lebesgue measure.
The theorem is also sometimes known as the Carathéodory-Fréchet extension theorem, the Carathéodory–Hopf extension theorem, the Hopf extension theorem and the Hahn–Kolmogorov extension theorem.
Introductory statement
Several very similar statements of the theorem can be given. A slightly more involved one, based on semi-rings of sets, is given further down below. A shorter, simpler statement is as follows. In this form, it is often called the Hahn–Kolmogorov theorem.
Let be an algebra of subsets of a set Consider a set function
which is finitely additive, meaning that
for any positive integer and disjoint sets in
Assume that this function satisfies the stronger sigma additivity assumption
for any disjoint family of elements of such that (Functions obeying these two properties are known as pre-measures.) Then,
extends to a measure defined on the -algebra generated by ; that is, there exists a measure
such that its restriction to coincides with
If is -finite, then the extension is unique.
Comments
This theorem is remarkable for it allows one to construct a measure by first defining it on a small algebra of sets, where its sigma additivity could be easy to verify, and then this theorem guarantees its extension to a sigma-algebra. The proof of this theorem is not trivial, since it requires extending from an algebra of sets to a potentially much bigger sigma-algebra, guaranteeing that the extension is unique (if is -finite), and moreover that it does not fail to satisfy the sigma-additivity of the original function.
Semi-ring and ring
Definitions
For a given set we call a family of subsets of a if it has the following properties:
For all we have (closed under pairwise intersections)
For all there exist disjoint sets such that (relative complements can be written as finite disjoint unions).
The first property can be replaced with since
With the same notation, we call a family of subsets of a if it has the following properties:
For all we have (closed under pairwise unions)
For all we have (closed under relative complements).
Thus, any ring on is also a semi-ring.
Sometimes, the following constraint is added in the measure theory context:
is the disjoint union of a countable family of sets in
A field of sets (respectively, a semi-field) is a ring (respectively, a semi-ring) that also contains as one of its elements.
Properties
Arbitrary (possibly uncountable) intersections of rings on are still rings on
If is a non-empty subset of the powerset of then we define the ring generated by (noted ) as the intersection of all rings containing It is straightforward to see that the ring generated by is the smallest ring containing
For a semi-ring the set of all finite unions of sets in is the ring generated by (One can show that is equal to the set of all finite disjoint unions of sets in ).
A content defined on a semi-ring can be extended on the ring generated by Such an extension is unique. The extended content can be written: for with the disjoint.
In addition, it can be proved that is a pre-measure if and only if the extended content is also a pre-measure, and that any pre-measure on that extends the pre-measure on is necessarily of this form.
Motivation
In measure theory, we are not interested in semi-rings and rings themselves, but rather in σ-algebras generated by them. The idea is that it is possible to build a pre-measure on a semi-ring (for example Stieltjes measures), which can then be extended to a pre-measure on which can finally be extended to a measure on a σ-algebra through Caratheodory's extension theorem. As σ-algebras generated by semi-rings and rings are the same, the difference does not really matter (in the measure theory context at least). Actually, Carathéodory's extension theorem can be slightly generalized by replacing ring by semi-field.
The definition of semi-ring may seem a bit convoluted, but the following example shows why it is useful (moreover it allows us to give an explicit representation of the smallest ring containing some semi-ring).
Example
Think about the subset of defined by the set of all half-open intervals for a and b reals. This is a semi-ring, but not a ring. Stieltjes measures are defined on intervals; the countable additivity on the semi-ring is not too difficult to prove because we only consider countable unions of intervals which are intervals themselves. Proving it for arbitrary countable unions of intervals is accomplished using Caratheodory's theorem.
Statement of the theorem
Let be a ring of sets on and let be a pre-measure on meaning that for all sets for which there exists a countable decomposition in disjoint sets we have
Let be the -algebra generated by The pre-measure condition is a necessary condition for to be the restriction to of a measure on The Carathéodory's extension theorem states that it is also sufficient, that is, there exists a measure such that is an extension of that is, Moreover, if is -finite then the extension is unique (and also -finite).
Proof sketch
First extend to an outer measure on the power set of by
and then restrict it to the set of -measurable sets (that is, Carathéodory-measurable sets), which is the set of all such that for every
It is a -algebra, and is -additive on it, by the Caratheodory lemma.
It remains to check that contains That is, to verify that every set in is -measurable. This is done by basic measure theory techniques of dividing and adding up sets.
For uniqueness, take any other extension so it remains to show that By -additivity, uniqueness can be reduced to the case where is finite, which will now be assumed.
Now we could concretely prove on by using the Borel hierarchy of and since at the base level, we can use well-ordered induction to reach the level of the level of
Examples of non-uniqueness of extension
There can be more than one extension of a pre-measure to the generated σ-algebra, if the pre-measure is not sigma-finite.
Via the counting measure
Take the algebra generated by all half-open intervals [a,b) on the real line, and give such intervals measure infinity if they are non-empty. The Carathéodory extension gives all non-empty sets measure infinity. Another extension is given by the counting measure.
Via rationals
This example is a more detailed variation of the above. The rational closed-open interval is any subset of of the form , where .
Let be and let be the algebra of all finite unions of rational closed-open intervals contained in . It is easy to prove that is, in fact, an algebra. It is also easy to see that the cardinal of every non-empty set in is .
Let be the counting set function () defined in .
It is clear that is finitely additive and -additive in . Since every non-empty set in is infinite, then, for every non-empty set ,
Now, let be the -algebra generated by . It is easy to see that is the Borel -algebra of subsets of , and both and are measures defined on and both are extensions of .
Via Fubini's theorem
Another example is closely related to the failure of some forms of Fubini's theorem for spaces that are not σ-finite.
Suppose that X is the unit interval with Lebesgue measure and Y is the unit interval with the discrete counting measure. Let the ring R be generated by products A×B where A is Lebesgue measurable and B is any subset, and give this set the measure μ(A)card(B). This has a very large number of different extensions to a measure; for example:
The measure of a subset is the sum of the measures of its horizontal sections. This is the smallest possible extension. Here the diagonal has measure 0.
The measure of a subset is where n(x) is the number of points of the subset with given x-coordinate. The diagonal has measure 1.
The Carathéodory extension, which is the largest possible extension. Any subset of finite measure is contained in some union of a countable number of horizontal lines. In particular the diagonal has measure infinity.
See also
Outer measure: the proof of Carathéodory's extension theorem is based upon the outer measure concept.
Loeb measures, constructed using Carathéodory's extension theorem.
References
Theorems in measure theory |
4026969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa%20Chamberfest | Ottawa Chamberfest | The Ottawa Chamberfest summer festival is a music festival held by Ottawa Chamberfest, also known as Chamberfest, in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. This year's edition will be held between July 25 and August 8, 2019.
Artists
In 1994, the idea of a chamber music festival in Ottawa came to life to remedy the meager availability of live classical music during the summer months and fill the city’s churches with splendid sounds. Ottawa Chamberfest started life as the Ottawa International Chamber Music Festival with 22 concerts in two churches and was an immediate hit. Artistic and executive director Julian Armor wanted to increase the popularity of classical music among citizens. Growing steadily over the years, the 2011 edition of Ottawa Chamberfest presented almost 100 concerts, attracting over 80,000 listeners and is the largest chamber music festival of its kind in the world.
Roman Borys, the cellist of the Juno award-winning Gryphon Trio is the Artistic and Executive Director of Ottawa Chamberfest. His fellow trio members, violinist Annalee Patipatanakoon and pianist James Parker, are among the organization's artistic advisors.
Among those who performed in the 2011 edition of the festival were Jan Lisiecki, Isabel Bayrakdarian, Simone Dinnerstein, Marc-André Hamelin, Julie Nesrallah, Yehonatan Berick, National Arts Centre Orchestra, The Swingle Singers, Nexus (ensemble), Trio con Brio Copenhagen, New Zealand String Quartet, TorQ Percussion Quartet and more.
Past performers include Paul Merkelo, Patrick Wedd, Guy Fouquet, Musica Camerata, Stéphane Lemelin, the Borodin String Quartet, the Beaux Arts Trio, the Tokyo String Quartet, Martin Beaver, Penderecki Quartet, Paul Stewart, Martin Chalifour, Monica Whicher, Jennifer Swartz, and Gino Quilico, Quartango, Neil Gripp, Richard Raymond, the St. Lawrence Quartet, Mayumi Seiler, Keller Quartet, and Adaskin String Trio.
Music
Although the concerts are primarily traditional classical music, the scope has evolved to include music by pop and jazz composers and also music from non-European countries. The concerts of a typical day would have several different types of music. For Ottawa Chamberfest 2011, performances are divided into several Concert Series.
Chamber Chat - Lecture series.
Music at Noon - Music at lunch.
New Music Now - Show casing new and emerging artists.
Meet the Artist - Meet several performers up close and personal.
Bring the Kids - Free shows for children. Interactive and fun.
3PM Series - Afternoon shows
The Siskind Concerts - Nightly shows dedicated to Jacob Siskind, music critic and arts patron.
Market Soirées - Evening Shows with a focus on an intimate musical experience.
Alfresco Concerts and Guerilla Gigs - Free outdoor concerts at Rideau Hall and other undisclosed locations.
Late Night at the Kildare - Hosted by Saint Brigid's Church (Ottawa), a nightly series featuring a diverse set of performers.
Festival Gala Series - 3 high profile performances at Dominion-Chalmers United Church.
Venues
The concert venues are generally churches or cultural facilities in the heart of downtown Ottawa. The confirmed venues for Ottawa Chamberfest 2011 are:
Dominion-Chalmers United Church
Rideau Hall
Beechwood Cemetery
Saint Brigid's Church (Ottawa)
Anglican Church of St. John the Evangelist (Ottawa)
In previous years the University of Ottawa was also a regular venue. The Festival has also used, on occasion, Southam Hall in the National Arts Centre for special gala concerts.
Other activities
Apart from the annual summer festival, Ottawa Chamberfest also organizes activities throughout the year. The Concert Series takes place from fall to spring offering approximately ten concerts per season. CEE: Community Engagement and Education engages community members of all ages in a suite of free music experiences.
References
Citations
External links
Ottawa Chamberfest official website
Gryphon Trio
Music festivals established in 1994
Music festivals in Ottawa
Classical music festivals in Canada
Chamber music festivals |
4026978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WNIO | WNIO | WNIO (1390 AM - branded 1390 The Gambler) — is an American radio station in Youngstown, Ohio, broadcasting at 1390 kHz with a sports talk radio format, serving as the Youngstown affiliate for Fox Sports Radio and the BetR Network. WNIO also carries Ohio State University football and basketball, Pittsburgh Pirates baseball, Cleveland Cavaliers basketball, Pittsburgh Steelers football, and the Indianapolis 500 from the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network.
History
The station was founded in 1939 as WFMJ by William F. Maag, Jr. from whose initials the call letters were derived. Maag was also publisher of The Youngstown Vindicator. It was originally at 1420 kHz, and moved to 1450 kHz during the NARBA frequency shift on March 29, 1941. It moved to its present location 1390 kHz during the mid-1940s. During the 1940s and early 1950s WFMJ was an affiliate of the Blue Network and its successor ABC.
In 1948, Maag launched WFMJ-FM at 105.1 MHz; the FM station is now WQXK. On March 8, 1953, Maag started Youngstown's second television station WFMJ-TV on channel 73. The television station moved to its present location, channel 21, on August 7, 1954.
The AM station changed its callsign to WHOT on April 23, 1990, when it was sold by its original owners to the owner of WHOT-FM, and it used the historic call sign from the former Top 40 AM station that originally broadcast daytime only on 1570 kHz and later full-time on 1330 kHz. Four years later, it was sold to Connoisseur Communications, and it changed to WRTK on February 15, 1995, assuming a talk radio format as "Real Talk 1390."
In order to obtain Justice Department approval to purchase WQXK (FM) and WSOM (AM), Connoisseur was forced to sell WRTK as well as WBBG (FM). The stations were sold on February 23, 1998 to a subsidiary of Bain Gocom, the Boston venture capital company that was a major investor in WKBN-TV's former parent company. In a few months, Jacor Communications entered into a LMA with Bain Gocom for all of their radio stations in Youngstown and New Castle, including WRTK and WBBG. Combined with Jacor's existing station holdings in the area - and a merger with Clear Channel months later - ten stations were under the same operational and management control in the New Castle/Youngstown region.
The station became WNIO on November 1, 1999, after Clear Channel relocated WNIO's adult standards format and callsign from the daytime-only 1540 kHz facility in Niles, Ohio (that station would assume the WRTK calls and would be spun off to different owners in early 2001).
Clear Channel Communications purchased WNIO along with WNCD (which switched dial positions with WBBG in late 2000) and WAKZ from Bain in 2005, after it had dropped its petition on January 14, 2004 to purchase those three stations along with WICT due to FCC objections, and also included Clear Channel selling off their station clusters in New Castle and Johnstown to Forever Broadcasting, LLC.
From 2000 until 2010, WNIO also served as the flagship station for Mahoning Valley Scrappers minor league baseball.
In November 2010, Clear Channel announced that WNIO would drop its standards format in favor of Fox Sports Radio on December 27. The move will coincide with the displacement of the network from crosstown WANR 1570 AM in Warren, which switched back to its former classic hits format under the moniker "The Blizzard." This is one of two Standards stations changing their format in the Youngstown region. Cumulus owned WSOM AM 600 has flipped to News Talk on December 13 of 2010.
On September 7, 2020, WNIO rebranded as "1390 The Gambler", becoming the second iHeart sports station in Ohio to carry the "Gambler" name (after Cleveland market station WARF AM 1350). With the new branding, WNIO also added sports gambling oriented programming from the BetR Network, during the evenings. Fox Sports Radio however still comprises the bulk of the daily and weekend schedule.
Former logos
References
External links
WFMJ Oral History, Transcript of interview of Bill Crooks
NIO
Sports radio stations in the United States
IHeartMedia radio stations
Radio stations established in 1939
1939 establishments in Ohio |
4026984 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Road%2C%20Kannur | Fort Road, Kannur | Fort Road is a busy shopping area in Kannur town of Kerala, South India. The road is so named, because it leads to the St. Angelo Fort.
Fort Road is the business hub of Kannur town, with many business and banks having their Kannur branches and outlets on the street. Some of the prominent shopping outlets are Supplyco, Fortlight Complex, Super Bazar. The Kannur railway station is located at the northern end of the road, and several tourist homes and hotels are concentrated in the area
The State Bank of India has a large campus on Fort Road. The Kannur City Centre—Kannur's largest shopping mall—is also located there. Kannur City Centre houses many of the larger outlets like Alukkas, Baskin-Robbins, Asiatic Internet Cafe, Apollo Clinic, Majestic, and Green's Hypermarket.
References
See also
Kannur
Kannur District
Suburbs of Kannur |
4027002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%20State%20Route%2072 | Georgia State Route 72 | State Route 72 (SR 72) is a state highway that runs west-to-east through portions of Clarke, Madison, and Elbert counties in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. This route is part of a multi two-state route 72 that begins at Athens, Georgia and ends at Rock Hill, South Carolina. The route connects the Athens area with the South Carolina state line, southwest of Calhoun Falls, South Carolina, via Comer and Elberton.
Route description
SR 72 begins at an intersection with US 29/SR 8 (Old Monroe Road) in the northeastern part of Athens, on the northern edge of Athens Technical College, in Clarke County. It travels to the northeast, crossing into Madison County and passes through the towns of Hull and Colbert, and meets the western terminus of SR 172, just northeast of Colbert. Just before entering and bypassing Comer, the route crosses over the South Fork Broad River. While bypassing the town, it intersects the eastern terminus of SR 22 and the southern terminus of SR 98. SR 72 departs Comer, passing northeast of Watson Mill Bridge State Park, before bypassing Carlton. It heads northeast, crossing over the Broad River into Elbert County. It continues northeast toward Elberton. Just before entering town, it begins a concurrency with SR 17 (Bowman Highway). In town, it intersects SR 77 (Oliver Street). On the southeastern edge of town, SR 17 splits off to the southeast onto Elbert Street, while SR 72 heads east-southeast. It passes through rural areas of the county, and intersects the northern terminus of SR 79 (Lincolnton Highway) right before crossing the South Carolina border. At the South Carolina line, it crosses over Richard B. Russell Lake. There, the roadway continues to the northwest, toward Calhoun Falls, as South Carolina Highway 72.
The entire length of SR 72 is part of the National Highway System, a system of routes determined to be the most important for the nation's economy, mobility, and defense.
Future
GDOT proposed to widen SR 72 into a four-lane road with a green grass median from an intersection of SR 17 in Elberton to the South Carolina state line. The project was made to make the multi-state route 72 into a four-lane highway with some stretch miles of being a divided highway from its western terminus at Athens to an interchange of Interstate 26 (I-26) at Clinton, South Carolina.
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
Georgia Roads (Routes 61 - 80)
072
Transportation in Athens, Georgia
Transportation in Clarke County, Georgia
Transportation in Madison County, Georgia
Transportation in Elbert County, Georgia |
4027011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Moolman | Louis Moolman | Louis Christiaan Moolman (21 January 1951 - 10 February 2006) was a Northern Transvaal and Springboks Rugby Union player. He was born in Pretoria, South Africa and went to school at Hoërskool Verwoerdburg. He played in the lock position.
Playing career
Moolman played his first test for the Boks on 27 August 1977 against a World Invitation Side at Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria. He played his last test on 31 May 1986 against the New Zealand Cavaliers at Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg at the age of 35. In total he played in 24 tests.
Moolman was a solid lock forward and was an impressive sight with his bulk and thick beard (1.95m and 111 kg) driving upfield with the ball in hand. He represented Northern Transvaal in 171 matches over a period of 13 seasons (1974–86). Only Naas Botha and Burger Geldenhuys represented the province on more occasions. He appeared in the Currie Cup final 9 times, of which 5 were won, and one drawn.
Test history
Death
Moolman died after a short illness after suffering a stroke.
Accolades
In 2000 he was inducted into the University of Pretoria Sport Hall of fame.
See also
List of South Africa national rugby union players – Springbok no. 498
References
1951 births
2006 deaths
South African rugby union players
South Africa international rugby union players
Rugby union locks
University of Pretoria alumni
Rugby union players from Pretoria
Blue Bulls players |
4027017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrey%20Toshev | Andrey Toshev | Andrey Slavov Toshev () (16 April 1867, Stara Zagora – 10 January 1944) was Prime Minister of Bulgaria in 1935. He was also a Bulgarian scientist and a diplomat. Toshev was a professor of botany.
Appointed by Tsar Boris III, Toshev was chosen for his unflinching loyalty in the uncertainty following the counter coup by Boris loyalists against the government of Zveno that had assumed power in a coup the previous year. He headed a purely civilian cabinet after a period of military rule and was, in effect, a puppet of the Tsar. Indeed, at 68 years of age, the Premiership was Toshev's first major political role. His task was to contain the military, work on the constitution, and to construct a new popular movement. His Premiership proved short-lived since he made no progress on any of those fronts by November. At that time, it was discovered that Damyan Velchev had slipped back into the country — presumably with the intention of conspiring against the king — and Toshev was replaced by Georgi Kyoseivanov.
Toshev also served in diplomatic roles as the Bulgarian ambassador to Serbia from 1909 to 1913, in which capacity he helped bring about the formation of the Balkan League. He was also as the Bulgarian ambassador to Constantinople from 1913 to 1914 and instrumental in negotiating the Treaty of Constantinople.
References
1867 births
1944 deaths
Politicians from Stara Zagora
Bulgarian botanists
Bulgarian educators
Bulgarian diplomats
Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
Members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Ambassadors of Bulgaria to Switzerland |
4027018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/111P/Helin%E2%80%93Roman%E2%80%93Crockett | 111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett | 111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett is a periodic comet in the Solar System. It was discovered by Eleanor and Ron Helin on 5 January 1989 from images obtained on the 3rd and 4th of that month. It is a Jupiter family comet known for extremely close approaches to Jupiter being a Quasi-Hilda comet. During these approaches, it actually orbits Jupiter. The last such approach was in 1976, the next will be in 2071. The Jovian orbits are highly elliptical and subject to intense Solar perturbation at apojove which eventually pulls the comet out of Jovian orbit for the cycle to begin anew.
Simulations predict such a cycle is unstable, the object will either be captured into an encounter orbit (e.g. Shoemaker-Levy 9) or expelled into a new orbit which does not have periodic approaches. This implies that 111P's orbit is recent within the past few thousand years. It fits the definition of an Encke-type comet with (TJupiter > 3; a < aJupiter).
References
External links
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
111P/Helin-Roman-Crockett – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
Elements and Ephemeris for 111P/Helin-Roman-Crockett – Minor Planet Center
111P at Kronk's Cometography
Observations, www.oaa.gr.jp
Periodic comets
Encke-type comets
0111
111P
111P
Comets in 2013
19890105 |
4027057 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre%20Party%20%28Netherlands%29 | Centre Party (Netherlands) | The Centre Party (, , CP) was a Dutch nationalist extreme right-wing political party espousing an anti-immigrant program. The party was founded by Henry Brookman in 1980, and was represented by Hans Janmaat in the Dutch House of Representatives from 1982, until he was expelled from the party in 1984 and joined the more moderate Centre Democrats. The CP, as well as the CD, was subject to a cordon sanitaire by the other parties in the House of Representatives. After much infighting and finally legal proceedings against the party, it was declared bankrupt in 1986. The party was soon after succeeded by the Centre Party '86, which would become increasingly radical, until it was banned in 1998.
Party history
Foundation
The Centre Party was founded on 11 March 1980 by Henry Brookman, one of the founders of the short-lived National Centre Party (NCP) in 1979 (which had been dissolved the day before the founding of the CP), and a prominent member of the Dutch Peoples-Union (NVU). In February 1980 some radical NCP members had harassed Moroccan refugees who held a hunger strike at the Moses and Aaron church in Amsterdam. This led to a conflict within the NCP. Brookman dissolved the NCP and founded the Centre Party (CP). The party contested the 1981 elections unsuccessfully, winning just 0.1% of the vote, the same as the Dutch Peoples-Union.
In Parliament (1982–1984)
In the 1982 election the party won 0.8% of the vote, and one seat, which was taken by Hans Janmaat. This was the first time since the Second World War that a party considered to be right-wing extremist had won a seat in parliament. Janmaat soon took over the leadership of the party, helped by the small membership of the party, his political background in mainstream political parties, and as Brookman had to move into the background due to pressure from his employer.
In the following years, the party continued its growth, and claimed 3,500 members in 1984. It was highly successful in elections, for instance winning almost 10% of the vote in the 1983 local elections in Almere, and 2.5% of the vote nationwide in the 1984 European elections.
Conflict soon erupted however, between the party leadership led by Nico Konst and Henk de Wijer, and the parliamentary section, of Janmaat and his assistants. Janmaat was accused of financial and personal improprieties, while Janmaat in turn accused the party leadership of neo-Nazi sympathies and political and organisational incompetence. While Janmaat had thought that by steering a more moderate course the CP would be able to attract more voters at the polls, he was expelled from the party by the party leadership. Janmaat then joined the recently founded Centre Democrats (CD) and kept his seat in parliament. The CP became even more isolated, and suffered from disruptive internal struggles, which were very costly. In 1986 the CP and CD organized a reconciliation meeting in Kedichem, which was turned into a disaster by radical anti-fascists. A group of these anti-fascist activists set the hotel where the meeting was located on fire, causing several heavy injuries.
The party had some moderate success in local elections of March 1986, winning 6 seats. The new optimism in the party was shattered however, when party leader Albrecht Lier defected from the party and joined the Centre Democrats in May. The CP, like the CD, was unable to obtain a seat in the 1986 election, but nevertheless won 0.4% of the vote, compared to the mere 0.1% of the CD.
Dissolution
By the 1986 election the party was disintegrating rapidly, with the party membership after the split counting a mere 100 persons, and most of the leading party members having gone over to the CD, or left politics. The party was officially declared bankrupt on 13 May 1986, after being fined a sum of money it was not able to pay. The party re-organized itself under the name Centre Party '86 (CP'86) a week later. They were never able to obtain any seats in national elections since then, and were eventually abrogated in 1998 by a Dutch court, because of the racist and xenophobic statements of its party board at a 1995 meeting. The radical neo-Nazi wing of the new party expelled the moderate nationalist wing, and several of the latter members founded the People's Nationalists Netherlands in 1997, which later became the New National Party.
Ideology
The CP saw itself as defending the rights of autochthonous Dutch people in the face of mass immigration. After it lost its parliamentary representation in 1984 the party continued in 1986 under the name Centre Party '86 and became even more radical.
The party's initial manifesto was titled "not left, not right," and combined right-wing, left-wing and green political positions. Its tenth point contained its immigration stance; "The Netherlands is not an immigrant country, so put a stop to the stream of foreigners." Together with the history of some of the party's early members, this point in the program was the main background for portraying the CP as an "extreme right" party in the media. The party itself however fiercely rejected any accusations of racism and fascism.
Election results
* In 1984 the party's sole representative in parliament, Hans Janmaat, became an independent MP.
Party leaders
Henry Brookman (1980–1982)
Hans Janmaat (1982–1984)
Nico Konst (1984–1985)
Albrecht "Pim" Lier (1985–1986)
Danny Segers (1986)
References
Bibliography
External links
1980 establishments in the Netherlands
1986 disestablishments in the Netherlands
Anti-Islam political parties in Europe
Conservative parties in the Netherlands
Defunct nationalist parties in the Netherlands
Eurosceptic parties in the Netherlands
Populism in the Netherlands
Non-interventionist parties
Political parties established in 1980
Political parties disestablished in 1986
Anti-Islam sentiment in the Netherlands
Third Position |
4027075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren%20Peace | Warren Peace | Geoffrey Alexander MacCormack, better known as Warren Peace, is an English vocalist, composer and dancer best known for his work with David Bowie in the 1970s.
Musical career
A long-time friend of Bowie since their schooldays in Bromley, Peace (initially as GA MacCormack) contributed backing vocals to a number of albums, beginning with Aladdin Sane in 1973 and continuing through to Station to Station in 1976. He appeared with Bowie during his 1973 tour of the US and Japan, travelling back to the UK via the Trans-Siberian Railway with the singer, who refused to fly. He then performed on the final UK leg of the tour which ended with Ziggy Stardust's 'retirement' at the Hammersmith Odeon in July (later released as Ziggy Stardust – The Motion Picture).
With Bowie, Peace co-wrote the music for "Rock 'n' Roll With Me" on Diamond Dogs (1974) and later "Turn Blue" on Iggy Pop's Lust for Life (1977). He also appeared as an 'Astronette' dancer and vocalist in The 1980 Floor Show television special with Bowie in October 1973 and as one of the 'Diamond Dogs' dancer/vocalists on Bowie's 1974 US tour (recorded and released as David Live). With fellow Astronettes Ava Cherry and Jason Guess, and Bowie as writer/producer, Peace recorded an album's worth of material at Olympic Studios late in 1973, which was eventually released as People from Bad Homes in 1995.
Other work
In 2007, Peace (once again under his real name Geoff MacCormack) published From Station to Station: Travels With Bowie 1973-76, an illustrated account of his time in Bowie's entourage.
Discography
David Bowie
Aladdin Sane (1973) – backing vocals (as GA MacCormack, sometimes credited as Mac Cormack)
Pin Ups (1973) – backing vocals (as GA MacCormack, sometimes credited as Mac Cormack)
Diamond Dogs (1974) – co-composer ("Rock 'n' Roll With Me")
David Live (1974) – backing vocals, co-composer ("Rock 'n' Roll With Me")
Station to Station (1976) – backing vocals
Ziggy Stardust – The Motion Picture (1983, performance from 1973) – backing vocals, percussion
Bowie at the Beeb (2000, performance from 1971) – backing vocals (as Geoffrey Alexander)
Cracked Actor (Live Los Angeles '74) (2017, performance from 1974) - backing vocals
Iggy Pop
Lust for Life (1977) – co-composer ("Turn Blue")
The Astronettes
People from Bad Homes (recorded 1973, released 1995) – vocals
References
Further reading
English male singers
English male dancers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people |
4027077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik%20Dreekmann | Hendrik Dreekmann | Hendrik Dreekmann (born 29 January 1975) is a former tennis player from Germany, who turned professional in 1991. He reached the quarterfinals of the 1994 French Open and the 1997 Miami Masters.
Personal life
Dreekmann was born in Bielefeld, West Germany, on 29 January 1975. He has been married to former long jumper Susen Tiedtke since 28 January 2005.
Career
Juniors
As a junior, Dreekmann was the runner-up at the 1989 European Junior Championships in Sofia, and reached the semis at the 1991 Orange Bowl.
Pro tour
Dreekman's greatest result in singles was reaching the quarterfinals of the 1994 French Open, only the second grand slam he had participated in. En route he defeated Adrian Voinea, Richey Reneberg and former top tenners Carlos Costa and Aaron Krickstein. In the quarter-finals, Dreekman led Magnus Larsson two sets to love, but eventually lost in five sets.
The right-hander reached his highest individual ranking on the ATP Tour on 30 September 1996, when he became World No. 39.
ATP career finals
Singles: 2 (2 runner-ups)
Doubles: 1 (1 runner-up)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 6 (3–3)
Doubles: 2 (1–1)
Performance timeline
Singles
External links
1975 births
Living people
German male tennis players
Sportspeople from Bielefeld
Tennis people from North Rhine-Westphalia |
4027080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Frank%20Hopkins | James Frank Hopkins | James Frank Hopkins (December 30, 1845 – December 15, 1913) was a Confederate Army volunteer and founder of the Sigma Nu fraternity at the Virginia Military Institute.
Civil War
Hopkins was born in Ripley, Mississippi on December 30, 1845. At the outbreak of the Civil War the Hopkins family moved to Arkansas Post near Little Rock. At 15 years old James Frank Hopkins was denied enlistment in the Confederate Army because he was too young.
In 1864 he was accepted as a private in a cavalry troop of Anderson's Arkansas Cavalry Battalion, part of General James F. Fagan's division, and later attained the rank of Color Sergeant. His expert horsemanship was put to use as a courier in several battles in the last year of the war.
Civilian life
Hopkins entered Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in 1866 at 21 years old. 1866 also marked the year that Hopkins rebelled against the hazing of freshman at VMI. Hopkins was the principal founder of Sigma Nu International Fraternity. He served as the Lieutenant Commander of the original Alpha Chapter, and the designer of the badge.
His involvement with the organization continued through his life, as he served as the first Vice-Regent and attended Grand Chapters in 1902, 1908, and 1910.
Death
On December 15, 1913, several weeks before his 68th birthday, James Frank Hopkins died and was buried in the village cemetery at Mabelvale, Arkansas.
See also
Sigma Nu
VMI
Notes
External links
1845 births
1913 deaths
People from Ripley, Mississippi
People from Arkansas County, Arkansas
Sigma Nu founders
Confederate States Army soldiers
Virginia Military Institute alumni |
4027106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116P/Wild | 116P/Wild | 116P/Wild, also known as Wild 4, is a periodic comet in the Solar System. It fits the definition of an Encke-type comet with (TJupiter > 3; a < aJupiter).
On 4 November 2042 the comet will pass about from Ceres.
References
External links
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
116P/Wild 4 – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
116P at Kronk's Cometography
Periodic comets
0116
Encke-type comets
Comets in 2016
19900121 |
4027110 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Quiaca | La Quiaca | La Quiaca is a small city in the north of the , on the southern bank of the La Quiaca River, opposite the town of Villazón, Bolivia. It lies at the end of National Route 9, from San Salvador de Jujuy (the provincial capital), and at an altitude of above mean sea level.
La Quiaca has 13,761 inhabitants as per the . It is the head town of the Yaví Department, which includes also the towns of Barrios, Cangrejillos, El Cóndor, Pumahuasi, and Yaví. The area is serviced by an airport located at .
La Quiaca is an approximate antipode to Hong Kong.
It has all the amenities of a modern city (potable water, electricity, sewer, Internet). This city is one of the north of the Puna which has all the basic facilities for the convenience of tourists, one of the most important urban settlement in northern Argentina.
In the country, this city is the classic reference to the northern end of the country, though in reality this distinction is held by the town of Salvador Mazza, or Pocitos, in the province of Salta. In 1985, after a three-year national tour, the renowned composer León Gieco released a folk album called De Ushuaia a La Quiaca ("From Ushuaia to La Quiaca").
Geography
Climate
In spite of its location within the tropics, because it is located at over above sea level, La Quiaca has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk, according to the Köppen climate classification), with an annual precipitation of . During winter months, temperatures during the day are cool, averaging in July while the nights can get very cold, with temperatures dropping well below . Precipitation is rare during the winter months although snowfalls are possible. During the summer months, temperatures during the day are mild to warm, averaging although nighttime temperatures can remain cool. Most of the precipitation that La Quiaca receives falls during the summer months. It is possibly the sunniest place in Argentina, averaging 3410 hours of sunshine or 76.9% of possible sunshine ranging from a low of 62.5% in February to a high of 87.5% in July. The highest temperature recorded was on February 4, 1998, while the lowest temperature was .
See also
Humahuaca
Iruya
Tilcara
Purmamarca
References
Notes
Great Circle Airport: SASQ
Populated places in Jujuy Province
Argentina–Bolivia border crossings |
4027116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongsvinger%20Fortress | Kongsvinger Fortress | Kongsvinger Fortress () is located in the city and municipality of Kongsvinger in the county of Hedmark, Norway. It is situated on a hill west and north of the Glomma river, standing astride the ancient Vinger Royal Road, which connected Norway and Värmland, Sweden as well as on the north-south Norwegian route along the Glomma. As Kongsvinger formed a key junction point for these routes, fortifications were constructed there to protect against invasion from the east.
History
Medieval period
During the early medieval period, pilgrims traveled to the shrine of St. Olaf at Trondheim; a favorite route for those from Sweden (the Vinger Royal Road) passed via Eidskog, Vinger (now Kongsvinger) and Elverum up the Glomma. This important pilgrimage & trade route is mentioned by Adam of Bremen in 1070. Its importance as an established road leading both north and south from the Swedish border was the basis for its later military significance.
Between 1130 and 1217 Norway underwent a period of Civil Wars. The Bagler faction contested with the Birkebeiners, led by the pretender King Sverre, for control during the late 12th century. Many of the rebels found refuge in Värmland and the Vinger area was the site of numerous conflicts.
Sigurd Ribbung harassed King Haakon IV of Norway’s lands across this border. In 1224 they fought a battle at Vinger. Ribbung’s troops were defeated and fled.
Early modern period
In the spring of 1643 the Swedish Privy Council determined that their military strength made territorial gains at the expense of Denmark/Norway likely. The Count drew up the plan for war and directed a surprise multiple-front attack on Denmark and Norway in May. Norway, which was then governed by Christian's son-in-law, Statholder (royal governor) Hannibal Sehested, was a reluctant participant. Some Finnish people in the Finnskogen, who had migrated from Sweden and whose loyalties were often with Sweden, were caught spying on Norwegian troops at Vinger. A rather desultory war between Sweden and Norway, often called the Hannibal War, resulted from 1643 to 1645. Vinger was the staging area for several minor Norwegian invasions into Sweden as this final episode of the Thirty Years' War was completed. The most important consequence of this war was that the royal governor identified the need for fortifications at Vinger and elsewhere along the border and initiated a tax for the purpose. Since there was great discontent, this tax burden was lifted in 1646 by Christian IV of Denmark and Norway; as a result no fortification construction was begun at that time.
In 1673, Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve wrote that construction was underway on a defensive structure on top of a hill. Once completed, it would dominate the river and the existing sconce by the ferry crossing. This structure was called Vinger Sconce or Gyldenborg and was a precursor to Kongsvinger Fortress. It was never attacked during the Scanian War, which broke out in 1675, but it did fire its cannons against a Swedish reconnaissance unit. An attack was launched from Vinger in February 1679, but it was unable to penetrate deep into Sweden due to insufficient artillery.
Following the war, fortifications were improved along the border toward Sweden. Plans were made for a star-shaped fortress and construction began in 1682 on the site of the old Vinger Sconce. The new fortress was named Königs Winger, which has since become Kongsvinger, both meaning King's Vinger. Today, Øvrebyen, the old Kongsvinger uptown area around the fortress is dominated by wooden buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries, laid out in the typical right angle square plan - by architect Major General Johan Caspar von Cicignon - popular in this period.
In 1709, during the Great Northern War, Norway was mobilized and by the end of October 1709, 1,500 men were stationed at Kongsvinger. When in 1716 it became apparent that the Charles XII of Sweden intended to invade, three fortresses along the Swedish border were again extensively manned: Kongsvinger Fortress, Basmo Fortress and Fredriksten Fortress. The attack fell on Basmo and Kongsvinger was bypassed.
Industrial revolution period
Although a significant part of the Norwegian border fortification during several wars with Sweden, Kongsvinger never saw attack. The closest offensive occurred in 1808 during the Napoleonic Wars, when a Swedish column advanced against the fortress of Kongsvinger. They reached the Glomma River after a victory at Lier on 18 April, but did not cross the river and invest the fortress. On 10 March 1809 an interim armistice was signed at Kongsvinger.
Later, in 1814, the most bloody battle between Swedish invaders and defending Norwegian forces during the Napoleonic Wars took place at Matrand, a short distance from Kongsvinger on the Eidskog road. The Swedish lost 337 men, compared with 139 killed and wounded on the Norwegian side.
Aasmund Olavsson Vinje (1818–1870) was a famous Norwegian poet and journalist who wrote in his Ferdaminni fraa Sumaren 1860, "One of the finest views in the country is to stand at Kongsvinger Fortress and gaze down the Glomma."
Twentieth century
In 1905, when the union between Sweden and Norway was dissolved, a neutral zone was established in which all fortifications were to be demolished. Kongsvinger lay just outside this zone and the fortification survived.
Nazi Germany invaded Norway on 9 April 1940. Although not invested, Norwegian fortresses fell under German control. In August 1942 a school providing four-week course in national socialist ideology opened for the Germanske SS Norge at Kongsvinger Fortress. Several classes graduated there.
Commanding officers
1682 Lieutenant Colonel Georg Reichwein 21.10.1682 -17.02.1689
1689 Lieutenant Colonel Johan Braun 18.02.1689 - 17.07.1689
1689 Lieutenant Colonel Johan Nicolai Mollerup 18.07.1689 - 09.02.1700'''
Acting: Lieutenant Colonel Ole Brun 10.02.1700 - 30.04.1700
1700 Colonel Markvard Otto Mangelsen 01.05.1700 - 11.03.1703
Acting: Unknown 12.03.1703 - 26.03.1703
1703 Major Johan Otto Sesterfleth 27.03.1703 - 03.02.1713
Acting: Major Giert Chr. von Hirch 01.01.17.13 - 21.05.1713
1713 Major Jacob Matheson 22.05.1713 - 26.07.1724
Acting:Claus Emhausen 27.07.1724 - 01.11.1724
1724 Lieutenant Colonel Johan Junge 02.11.1724 - 06.12.1745
Acting: Unknown 07.12.1745 -10.01.1746
1746 Lieutenant Colonel Hans Olai Fremmen 11.01.1746 - 13.10.1746
Acting: Captain Christen Bille 14.10.1746 - 10.01.1747
1747 Colonel baron Mogens Holck 11.01.1747 - 18.11.1764
Acting: Unknown 19.11.1764 - 30.11.1764
Acting: Lieutenant Colonel Valentin Huitfeldt 01.12.1764 - 31.08.1765
Acting: Captain David Loeseke 01.09.1765 - 31.01.1766
1766 Lieutenant General Johan Ludvig Maximilian Biellart 01.02.1766 - 07.10.1798
Acting: Unknown 08.10.1798 - 22.10.1798
1798 Colonel Niels Harbou 23.10.1798 - 23.11.1802
1802 Colonel Bernhard Ditlev von Staffeldt 24.11.1802 - 24.10.1807
Acting: Major Andreas Samuel Krebs 01.07.1807 - 24.10.1807
1807 Colonel Werner Nicolai de Saue 25.10.1807 - 28.03.1808
1808 Colonel Gottfried Carl Gotlob von Blucher 29.03.1808 - 04.09.1808
1808 Colonel Johan Andreas Cornelis Ohme 05.09.1808 - 19.10.1808
1808 Major Friedrich Johan Wilhelm Haffner 20.10.1808 - 28.09.1808
1809 Major Johan Wilhelm Bruenech Stabell 29.09.1808 - 21.02.1810
1810 Lieutenant Colonel Andreas Samuel Krebs 22.02.1810 - 07.07.1814
1814 Lieutenant Colonel Benoni d'Aubert 08.02.1814 - 18.09.1817
Acting: Colonel Andreas Samuel Krebs 01.06.1815 - 18.09.1817
1817 Lieutenant Colonel Nicolai Reichswein Huitfeldt 19.09.1817 - 16.10.1835
Acting: Lieutenant Colonel Magnus Chr. Fritzner 17.10.1835 - 21.06.1836
Acting: Captain Lars Bierkebæk 22.06.1836 - 21.03.1837
1837 Colonel Wilhelm Sissener 22.03.1837 - 29.12.1846
Acting: Captain Hans Jacob Fisher 30.12.1846 - 09.07.1847
1847 Colonel Peder Bernhard Anker 10.07.1847 - 13.06.1849
Acting: Captain Frederik D. Werenskiold 14.06.1849 -05.09.1849
1849 Major General Erik Theodor Anker 06.09.1849 -24.08.1858
Acting: Captain Frederik D. Werenskiold 1.10.1849 - 30.03.1850
Acting: Riding Master Carsten Anker 25.08.1858 -04.03.1859
1859 Captain Frederik Daniel Werenskiold 05.03.1859 - 13.04.1878
1878 Lieutenant Colonel Jonas Severin Dessen 14.04.1878 - 31.10.1882
1882 Lieutenant Colonel Christopher Frederik Lowsow 01.11.1882 - 19.01.1883
Acting: Captain Hans Christian Schjorn 20.01.1893 - 31.05.1893
1893 Captain Hans Christian Schjorn 01.06.1893 - 17.07.1897
Acting: Captain W.Gran 14.07.1897 - 31.10.1897
1897 Captain Theodor Emil Lefevre Grimsgaard 01.11.1897 - 30.09.1902
1902 Captain Theodor Flindt Ellerhausen 01.10.1902 - 13.11.1897
Acting: Captain Theodor L. Grimsgaard. 01.10.1902 - 31.01.1903¨
Acting: Captain Georg Prahl Harbitz 14.05.1909 - 12.07.1909
1912 Captain Georg Marenius Gottlieb Erdmann 14.11.1912 - 30.09.1930
Acting: Captain Kristian Emil Gloersen 01.07.1929 - 14.08.1929
Acting: Captain Trygve Larsen 15.08.1929 - 31.12.1930
1931 Major Kristian Emil Gloersen 01.01.1931 - 11.11.1935
1935 Major Einar Hoch-Nielsen 12.11.1935 - 16-04.1940
Acting: Major K.E. Gloersen 12.11.1935 - 01.01.1936
1940 Acting: The Ortskommandant 17.04.1940 -07.05.1945
1945
Acting: The Home Forces Rolf Syversen 08.05.1945 - 31.07.1945
Acting: The Home forces Helge Andersen 01.08.1945 - 31.12.1945
1946 Lieutenant Colonel Einar Haganæs 01.01.1946 - 26.03.1946
Acting: Captain H.Lien 27.03.1946 - 31.07.1946
1946 Major Gunnar Gundersen 01.08.1946 - 26.03.1946
Acting: Captain Endre Einum 01.01.1949 - 14.05.1950
1950 Major Hans Kvernsjoli 15.05.1950 - 01.04.1953
Acting:Captain Endre Einum 15.05.1950 - 02.06.1950
Acting: Captain Endre Einum 01.01.1951 - 30.06.1951
Acting: Captain Endre Einum 01.01.1953 - 13.07.1953
1953 Major Arne Sekkelsten 14.07.1953 - 31.03.1955
Acting: Captain Thomas Julsrud 01.04.1955 - 14.12.1955
1955 Major Johannes Orderud 15.12.1955 - 30.08.1958
Acting: Captain Thomas Julsrud 01.09.1958 - 31.07.1959
1959 Colonel Asle T. Hauglie 01.08.1959 - 04.10.1959
1959 Lieutenant Colonel Bertel Bøhnsmoen 05.10.1959 - 29.11.1974
1974 Lieutenant Colonel Jostein Skaslien 30.11.1974 - 03.08.1978
1978 Lieutenant Colonel Erling Strom 04.08.1978 - 30.11.1979
Acting: Captain Sverre Holth 01.12.1979 - 21.02.1980
1980 Lieutenant Colonel Helge Skaar 22.02.1980- 30.11.1987
Acting: Major Kjell Joramo 12.09.1984 - 06.01.1986
Acting: Major Kjell Joramo 18.08.1986 -31.12.1986
1987 Lieutenant Colonel Odd Ivar Ruud 01.12.1987 - 31.07.1991
1991 Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Søland 01.08.1991 - 31.07.1998
Acting: Reidar Halvorsen 14.12.1995 - 07.02.1997
1998 Lieutenant Colonel Helge Thomassen 01.08.1998 - 31.07.2005
2005 Major Grethe Bergersen 01.08.2005 - 31.07.2010
Acting: Lieutenant Colonel Helge Thomassen 01.08.2005 - 31.01.2007
2010 Lieutenant Colonel John Petter Bachke 01.08.2010 - 31.07.2015
2016 Lieutenant Colonel Johnny Sørloth 01.08.2016 - 31.12.2018
Acting: Major Arnstein Hestnes 01.01.2019 - 12.08.2019
2019 Lieutenant Colonel Arnstein Hestnes 13.08.2019 -
References
Forts in Norway
Kongsvinger
Military installations in Innlandet |
4027119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maveli%20Stores | Maveli Stores | Maveli Stores is a venture of the Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation (Supplyco).
Under the Government programme of market intervention, pulses and spices are purchased and sold to the consumers at subsidised prices fixed by the Government. The Government of Kerala aids this operation by giving grants every year. The task has been fulfilled through the network of Maveli Stores, which was started to commemorate the saga of Mahabali, legendary king of Kerala. Now the Maveli Stores has become a prominent name among the consumers in the state. Supplyco operates through Maveli Stores and Mobile Maveli Stores throughout the state covering almost all the panchayaths. Quality products and subsidised pricing are the twin advantages, which Supplyco extend to the consumer. Supplyco has also undertaken distribution of pulses and spices and other branded products of Civil Supplies Corporation at subsidised prices, through the network of 2000 selected ration shops.
Succumbing to the overwhelming public demand, Supplyco expanded its horizon of activities into other vital areas of consumer interest by starting Super Markets, Petrol Bunks, LPG outlets and Medical Stores (Sabari Medical Stores). Supplyco also markets its own branded products of tea, coffee, milled wheat products, curry products, iodized salt, washing soaps and detergents.
See also
Supplyco
Margin Free Market
External links
Supplyco Website
Companies based in Kerala
Year of establishment missing |
4027120 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostrophes%3A%20A%20Book%20of%20Tributes%20to%20Masters%20of%20Music | Apostrophes: A Book of Tributes to Masters of Music | Apostrophes: A Book of Tributes to Masters of Music is a book written by Alfred Kreymborg and published by The Grafton Press, New York, in 1910. It is a slim volume (with no page numbers), and comprises a series of short somewhat 'poetic' paragraphs addressed to various great composers. There is an introductory apostrophe To Music, and then sections on the following composers: Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Henry Purcell, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Johann Sebastian Bach, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Hector Berlioz, Felix Mendelssohn, Frédéric Chopin, Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt, Richard Wagner, Giuseppe Verdi, Robert Franz, Johannes Brahms, Georges Bizet, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Antonín Dvořák, Edvard Grieg, Vincent d'Indy, Edward MacDowell, Claude Debussy, and Richard Strauss.
In his autobiography, Troubador, he describes how he came to write the book; he refers to himself in the third person: "He actually dreamed of writing books of his own and carried the desire to the point of struggling, almost at the outset, with a humble work on the four huge symphonies of Brahms. In retrospect, it looked like a few drops of ink in the sea and he destroyed it. Then he tried the other extreme and evolved a series of paragraphs, concise, restrained and reverent. These prose poems to composers, moving from Palestrina to Debussy, he entitled Apostrophes."
Notes
Kreymborg, Alfred, Troubador: An American Autobiography, 1925; page 65 of the 1957 paperback.
Music books
1910 non-fiction books
Books about musicians |
4027138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctislav%20Dosed%C4%9Bl | Ctislav Doseděl | Ctislav Doseděl (born 10 August 1970), also known as Sláva Doseděl, is a former tennis player from the Czech Republic, who turned professional in 1989.
Doseděl won three singles titles and one doubles titles during his career. The right-hander reached the quarter-finals of the 1999 US Open by defeating Jim Courier, Fernando Meligeni, Fredrik Jonsson and Jiří Novák before losing to Todd Martin. He also got to the semifinals of the 1994 Rome Masters and achieved his career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 26 in October 1994. His tennis career ended with the 2001 US Open.
Doseděl is still involved in professional tennis post retirement and is, as of June 2012, coaching top 100 singles player Lukáš Rosol of the Czech Republic.
Doseděl appeared in a 1999 Czech movie titled "Life Water" (Voda života), telling the life of Vincent Priessnitz who found cure for high fever during the 19th century.
ATP Career Finals
Doubles: 6 (3 title, 3 runner-ups)
Doubles: 1 (1 title)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 12 (5–7)
Doubles: 5 (3–2)
Performance timelines
Singles
Doubles
External links
1970 births
Living people
Czech expatriates in Monaco
Czech male tennis players
Czechoslovak male tennis players
Olympic tennis players of the Czech Republic
Sportspeople from Přerov
Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics |
4027140 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court%20of%20the%20Lions | Court of the Lions | The Court of the Lions (; ) or Palace of the Lions () is a palace in the heart of the Alhambra, a historic citadel formed by a complex of palaces, gardens and forts in Granada, Spain. It was commissioned by the Nasrid sultan Muhammed V of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus. Its construction started in the second period of his reign, between 1362 and 1391 AD. Along with the Alhambra, the palace is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was minted in Spain's 2011 limited edition of €2 Commemorative Coins.
The Palace of the Lions is one of the most famous palaces in Islamic architecture and exemplifies the apogee of Nasrid architecture in Al-Andalus. The architecture of the palace presented a significant shift in the design of Nasrid palaces and introduced new trends in ornamentation. The building consists of a rectangular courtyard centered on a marble fountain with twelve sculpted lions. Four main halls surround the courtyard, along with some upper-floor rooms. Water channels connect the central fountain with smaller fountains in the four halls. The halls feature some of the most elaborate and sophisticated muqarnas vaults in the Islamic world.
History
Nasrid period
The Alhambra was a self-contained palace-city surrounded by fortifications, built up by the Nasrid rulers of the Emirate of Granada in the 13th to 15th centuries. Multiple palaces were added and expanded over the years by different rulers. The Palace of the Lions was added by Muhammad V, who is also responsible for other important contributions to the Alhambra. The period of Muhammad V's reign is considered by scholars to mark the apogee of Nasrid architecture, characterized in particular by a profusive use of muqarnas (stalactite-like sculpting) and three-dimensional muqarnas vaults. The chronology of construction in the Palace of the Lions is not clearly established, but it took place during Muhammad V's second reign (1362–1391), after his return from a period of exile. The Hall of the Two Sisters (Sala de Dos Hermanas), on the north side of the court, was completed in 1362 or between 1362 and 1365, when Muhammad V was celebrating his return to the throne and was also refurbishing the Mexuar and the Comares Palace. According to scholar Felix Arnold, the rest of the palace was built between 1377 and 1390. Some scholars have suggested that the palace was most likely completed in 1380. Inscriptions throughout the palace feature poems by Ibn Zamrak, a poet and long-serving vizier at the time, which suggests that he was probably involved in its design.
The area the Palace of the Lions was built on was formerly part of a larger garden or riad. Much of the area around it remained an open garden afterward, including the area on its north side which is now occupied by the Patio de Lindaraja (Courtyard of Lindaraja). Possibly because of this, the palace's original name was Qasr ar-Riyad () or, more fully, Qasr ar-Riyad as-Sa'id (). Another former name of the palace may have been Dar 'Aisha (), purportedly named after one of Muhammad V's favourite wives, although there is no historical record of what Muhammad's wives were called. This name was later corrupted to Daraxa or Daraja in Spanish, and survives in the name of the Lindaraja courtyard. The palace was originally completely independent from the nearby Comares Palace to the west and had its own street entrance. On the south side of the palace, separated from it by a narrow street, was the Rawda (), the dynastic mausoleum of the Nasrids (of which only the foundations remain today).
A widely-held scholarly view is that the palace was intended to serve as a private residence with a more intimate character than the Comares Palace, which served more official public functions. It may have served as a pleasure palace for entertainment. In his 2004 book on the Alhambra, Robert Irwin argued that while this interpretation is plausible, there is little direct evidence about the palace's function. One theory by art historian Juan Carlos Ruiz Souza has proposed that it may have actually been a madrasa rather than a palace. It has also been suggested that the palace was built to commemorate Muhammad V's victories, in particular his retaking of Algeciras in 1369. Robert Irwin states that there is no direct evidence for this interpretation either and that the chronology of events makes it unlikely. However, the loot gained from those victories may have helped Muhammad V finance his construction projects.
After the Reconquista
Granada was conquered by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain in 1492 and the Alhambra became a palace owned by the Spanish monarchy. Like much of the Alhambra, the Palace of the Lions suffered damages and underwent various repairs, restorations, and modifications over time. Under the Catholic Monarchs, it was connected to the Comares Palace by a direct passage for the first time, as it remains today. Starting in 1528, emperor Charles V commissioned the construction of new apartments in the area to the north of the palace. The former gardens on the north side of the palace, which had allowed for an uninterrupted view of the city on this side, were turned into an enclosed garden during this period, resulting in the present Patio de Lindaraja. Additionally, the original entrance to the Palace of the Lions, on its south side, was suppressed in order to make a connection to the new Renaissance-style Palace of Charles V. Modifications were also made to the fountain inside the Court of the Lions during the second half of the 16th century.
In 1590 the western chamber of the palace, the Sala de los Mocarabes, was destroyed by the explosion of a nearby gunpowder magazine. The room's former muqarnas-vault ceiling, now lost, was eventually replaced by a Baroque-style plaster vault in 1714, designed by painter Blas de Ledesma for the visit of Phillip V and Isabella of Parma. In the 19th century, probably during the French occupation (1810–1812), the floor of the courtyard was replaced with gardens – although there has been much debate among scholars as to whether gardens had previously existed in the courtyard. In 1859 the architect Rafael Contreras "restored" the courtyard's eastern pavilion by giving it a spherical dome roof with ceramic tiling, based in part on Iranian architecture. This conformed to what European restorers at the time thought the "Arab style" should look like. The domed roof was disassembled in 1934 by Leopoldo Torres Balbás and replaced with its current pyramidal roof, which set off an international debate about the nature of restorations. Torres Balbás argued for a more scientific approach to restoration, in contrast with the more "stylistic" restoration philosophy of his predecessors. Nonetheless, Torres Balbás's roof is still partly incorrect, as its angles are too steep compared with similar pyramidal roofs in Moorish architecture.
Recent restorations
In 2002, the Patronato de la Alhambra (the official agency in charge of the historical site) began a major and comprehensive restoration of the Court of the Lions. This involved the temporary removal of the fountain's lion sculptures and modifications to its hydraulic system. The restoration of the fountain and most of the courtyard was completed in 2012. One of the last steps in the restoration was the replacement of the courtyard's previous gravel flooring with a pavement of Macael marble flagstones, a decision based on the study of historical archives and on new archeological investigations showing that the underlying rock bed would have made the topsoil too thin for gardens. A recent study of some of the muqarnas compositions around Court of the Lions was able to identify deformations and imperfections that have occurred due to the many repairs and restorations that took place across generations. The Sala de los Reyes is still undergoing further restoration work. A project to restore its three painted leather ceilings was completed in 2018, while a new project to restore the stucco decoration below these ceilings began in July 2022.
Description of the palace
The palace is centered around a rectangular courtyard, which is surrounded on four sides by chambers and an arcaded gallery or portico. Many of the names for individual rooms were coined in Spanish after the end of the Reconquista and have little to do with any original Arabic names.
The courtyard (Patio de los Leones)
The rectangular courtyard measures about 28.7 meters long and 15.6 meters wide, with its long axis aligned roughly east-to-west. The arches and columns of the surrounding portico are arranged in a complex pattern that is unique in the architecture of the Islamic world. Single columns alternate with groups of two or three columns to forming a visual rhythm that highlights certain parts of the façade. Each column or group of columns demarcates a bay: there are 17 bays on the north and south sides of the courtyard and 11 bays on the east and west sides. On the north and south sides, the central bay is wider than all the others as it leads to the entrance of the hall behind it. On the east and west sides, a pavilion structure projects into the courtyard from the portico. It has been argued by Georges Marçais that the spacing of columns and arches was set to the golden ratio, but there is no strong evidence that Muslim architects ever used it. Instead, as Antonio Fernández-Puertas postulates, the rectangles used in the construction may have been based on square roots and surds.
The pavilions are also supported by slender columns forming three bays of different sizes on each side of the pavilion, with the middle bay slightly wider than the two side bays. At the corners of the pavilion the columns meet in groups of three. The pavilions have pyramidal roofs covering a wooden dome ceiling inside it. The wooden domes feature geometric patterns similar in style to the wooden ceilings in other parts of the Alhambra like the Hall of the Ambassadors.
The arcades of the porticos and the pavilions feature intricately-carved stucco decoration, known as yesería in Spanish. A sebka motif – a stylized lozenge-like motif – fills the spaces above the arches and between the columns, accompanied by further vegetal arabesques, other abstract motifs, and muqarnas sculpting. There are also Arabic inscriptions, including the repetition of the Nasrid motto "wa la ghaliba illa-llah" ().
The courtyard also features a sophisticated system of water channels, fountains, and basins. At the center of the southern hall, the northern hall, and the eastern and western porticoes is a small fountain at ground level with a round basin from which a water channel runs across the marble floor along the central axes of the courtyard. Additional fountains with basins are situated at the center of the pavilions, along these channels, and separately at the corners of the western and eastern porticoes. The four water channels intersect at the center of the courtyard, where the famed Fountain of the Lions stands. This fountain consists of a large elevated basin surrounded by twelve stylized lion sculptures, all carved from marble.
The Sala de los Mocárabes
The chamber on the western side of the courtyard, through which visitors enter the Court of the Lions today, is known as the Sala de los Mocárabes or "Hall of the mocárabes (muqarnas)". It is a narrow rectangular hall. Originally, it was covered by a ceiling of muqarnas vaults and was considered one of the most beautiful rooms in the Alhambra. However, in 1590 the chamber was largely destroyed by the explosion of a nearby gunpowder magazine. The ceiling was eventually replaced by the current Baroque-style plaster vault in 1714, designed by Spanish painter Blas de Ledesma. The hall is connected to the rest of the courtyard via three muqarnas archways.
The Sala de los Abencerrajes and the Patio del Harén
The hall accessed on the south side of the courtyard has been known since either the 16th century or the 19th century as the Sala de los Abencerrajes or "Hall of the Abencerrajes". This name derives from the powerful Abencerrajes family (Banu Sarraj in Arabic) who played a political role in the emirate, but there is no actual historical relation between the family and this chamber. Its original name in Arabic was al-Qubba al-Ġarbīya ("the Western Dome"). The reasons for this name are unclear, but it may have been called that in relation to the dome of the Palacio del Partal Alto, a palace further east near the present Partal Palace.
The hall consists of a central square space, acting almost like another courtyard, which is flanked by two niche-like side chambers. This kind of layout found in many other palace halls across the Alhambra. The side chambers are separate from the central space by double arches. A short corridor, passing through multiple archways, separates the hall from the Court of the Lions. On an upper floor above this corridor is a small chamber with a window overlooking the courtyard, similar to a mirador (lookout). The main central space of the hall is covered by a highly elaborate three-dimensional muqarnas dome ceiling, featuring a 16-sided cupola in the shape of an eight-pointed star. The cupola and the transitional zones around its base are all filled with muqarnas. Each of the cupola's 16 sides is pierced by a window. Inscriptions in the hall by Ibn Zamrak compare this dome to the heavens, the sun, the moon, and the stars. The upper walls of the chamber are covered in more stucco decoration, while the lower walls are covered with tile decoration. The original tiles were replaced in the 16th century with contemporary tiles from Seville.
A small passageway nearby leads to the upper floor where there were additional rooms and a latrine. These rooms are not usually accessible to tourists today. One of the chambers is a courtyard known as the Patio del Harén ("Courtyard of the Harem"), located above and just west of the Sala de los Abencerrajes. It was part of an independent apartment which could be accessed from the palace's original street entrance. It is also located above a cistern which supplied water for the nearby Comares Baths. This courtyard is flanked by two arcades of three arches that feature marble columns topped by capitals carved in serpentine, which are unique in the Alhambra. Fragments of original fresco decoration are also preserved on the lower walls. Another nearby element, slightly to the east, is the Puerta de la Rauda ("Gate of the Rawda"), a horseshoe-arch doorway topped by a dome. No longer accessible to general visitors today, this was probably the original entrance to the palace before the 16th century.
The Sala de los Reyes
The hall on the eastern side of the courtyard is known as the Sala de los Reyes or "Hall of Kings". This hall is essentially a wide rectangular space, but it has a more complicated subdivision in comparison with the other rooms of the palace. The hall is divided into seven sub-units by muqarnas arches. Each of these sub-units is covered by its own muqarnas vault ceiling. Three of the sub-units are square chambers and their muqarnas vaults are set within a cupola pierced with windows, which brings in more light. These chambers are open to the courtyard via a triple archway sculpted with more muqarnas. The other four sub-units are smaller and rectangular in shape, serving as either transitional spaces between the square chambers or as side chambers at opposite ends of the hall.
Each of the seven sub-units of the hall is accompanied by a niche-like chamber of equal width behind it (on its eastern side). The three larger chambers are each covered with a rounded vault ceiling made of wooden planks. The surface of the ceiling is covered with leather that has been painted with pictorial scenes. Pictorial scenes are relatively rare in Islamic art (with the exception of miniatures) and scholars generally agree, based on their Gothic-like style, that these paintings were probably executed by Christian artists from a Spanish court (probably the court of Pedro of Castile in Seville). Another theory by art historian Jerrilynn Dodds is that they were executed by Muslims who were kept as captives in the court of Pedro and thus became familiar with Christian paintings but not deeply rooted in those traditions, resulting in a mix-and-match of Christian Romantic motifs in the same scenes. The painting in the middle chamber shows a group of 10 Nasrid officials and dignitaries, including the sultan, sitting on cushions and engaged in a discussion or debate. This scene, because it shows the ruler or "king", inspired the hall's current name. The paintings in the other two chambers show scenes of court life, including a jousting competition and hunting scenes, set amidst a landscape of gardens and palaces.
After the Reconquista, the Sala de los Reyes was used as a chapel and as a headquarters for the parish of Santa Maria de la Alhambra while the church of the same name was being built nearby (over the site of the previous mosque) during the 16th century. In 1855 Rafael Contreras significantly modified the roof the hall by the addition of new individual roofs on top of each of the painted wooden roofs, replacing the former common roof that protected all three of them. This resulted in poor ventilation and caused the paintings to deteriorate. In 2006, as part of the ongoing major restoration of the palace, the original wooden roofs were restored and steps were taken to prevent further damage. The paintings themselves underwent a restoration process which was completed in 2018.
The Sala de Dos Hermanas
The hall on the northern side of the courtyard is known as the Sala de Dos Hermanas or "Hall of the Two Sisters", so-called because of two large slabs of marble that form part of the pavement. Its original Arabic name was al-Qubba al-Kubrā ("the Great Dome"), suggesting it had a particular significance. Like the southern Sala de los Abencerrajes across from it, it consists of a large square space covered by an elaborate muqarnas dome, with two small side chambers on either side. The muqarnas dome is set within an eight-sided cupola pierced with two windows on each side. The dome has a diameter of 8 meters, making it the second-largest dome in the Alhambra. The transitional zones between the octagonal cupola and the square chamber are occupied by muqarnas sculpting, much like in the Sala de los Abencerrajes. The dome is considered of the most magnificent muqarnas domes in Islamic art. The muqarnas composition, which consists of at least 5000 prismatic pieces, unfolds from the central summit into sixteen miniature domes right above the level of the windows. The upper walls of the hall are also covered in intricate stucco decoration, while the lower walls have preserved their original zellij tile decoration. Right above the tile decoration is an inscription band containing a 24-line poem by Ibn Zamrak which praises the hall's dome and makes reference to the Pleiades.
Even more so than the southern hall, this northern hall appears to have designed as its own independent residence. The side chambers on either side of the hall are accessed through single doorways and these chambers have their own smaller niche-like side chambers on their north side. An upper floor exists and wraps around the central hall, with a single arched window on each side of the hall providing a view from this floor to the hall below. As with the Sala de los Abencerrajes, an upper floor room above the entrance corridor also has windows overlooking the courtyard. The large wooden doors of the at the entrance of the hall are masterpieces of Nasrid-era carpentry. They were removed from their original location and are currently housed and displayed at the Alhambra Museum. Right behind the doorway is a small passage on the left leading to latrines and a small passage on the right leading to a staircase to the upper floor.
Mirador de Lindaraja
On the northern side of the Sala de Dos Hermanas is an arched doorway leading to a wide rectangular chamber known as the Sala de los Ajimeces ("Hall of the Mullioned Windows"). This chamber is covered by a long rectangular muqarnas vault ceiling which is composed of multiple consecutive muqarnas domes blending into one another. On the north side of this hall is a small projecting room with double-arched windows on three sides which overlook the gardens below. This lookout chamber is known as the Mirador de Lindaraja. The Spanish word mirador denotes a belvedere or lookout, while the name Lindaraja is a corruption of Arabic 'Ayn Dar 'Aisha (). This small chamber has some of the most sophisticated stucco-carved decoration in the Alhambra, featuring arabesque, geometric, and epigraphic motifs with blind muqarnas arches framing the windows. The lower walls also have original mosaic tilework forming very fine Arabic inscriptions. One of the inscriptions around the window refers to the ruler's throne as the "caliphal throne" and describes the ruler (Muhammad V) as the "pupil" of the garden (referring either the garden below or to the adjoining hall). The mirador room is covered by a unique lantern vault ceiling consisting of a wooden lattice structure shaped into an interlacing geometric motif and filled with pieces of coloured glass. This ceiling is the only one of its kind in the Alhambra, but historical Arabic sources describe the existence of an even larger glass ceiling that was once present in the Mexuar palace.
Fountain of the Lions
The central fountain of the courtyard, which has been modified and restored several times over the centuries, consists of a bowl-like marble basin surrounded by twelve lions, which face outwards and appear to support the bowl on their backs. They are made of Macael marble from Almeria. The existence of fountains with lion sculptures is documented at other sites of al-Andalus such as the earlier Medina Azahara near Cordoba. The Pisa Griffin is even larger.
The marble water basin was carved from a single piece of marble. While it appears completely white today, it was originally painted with subtle colors in order to highlight its carved decoration, but these colors have been lost due to repetitive cleaning over the centuries. This decoration includes a long inscription around the border of the bowl featuring a poem by Ibn Zamrak. The original hydraulic system was designed to keep a consistent water level in the basin.
Origins
The origin of the sculpted fountain and its lions has been debated. A theory by Frederick Bargebuhr in 1956 suggests that the lion sculptures came from the 11th-century palace of the Jewish vizier Yusuf ibn Nagrela (d. 1066). Bargebuhr even suggested that the Palace of the Lions was built on the foundations of this earlier palace. Oleg Grabar later supported this origin story for the fountain. The proposal was based on the description of a fountain found in a poem by Ibn Gabirol in the 11th century which described the vizier's palace. Under this interpretation, the lions represented the Twelve Tribes of Israel, and two of them have a triangle on the forehead, indicating the two extant tribes Judá and Leví. However, this origin theory has since been challenged or refuted by many other scholars, mostly on the arguments that a poetic description is not direct evidence of the two fountains being the same, that the description in the poem itself is not an exact match, and that the style of the lions belongs to 14th-century Nasrid art.
Modifications and restorations
In the second half of the 16th century, after the Alhambra had become a Spanish palace, the fountain was significantly modified by the addition of smaller water basins above the central spout in order to create a multi-level fountain. In 1624 sculptor Alonso de Mena repaired the fountain and cleaned it. In the early 19th century a set of spouts were added to the fountain and in 1837 another spout was added at the top of the fountain to reflect the tastes of the time. The original (lower) main basin was also raised in height in 1884.
In the 20th century efforts were made to return the fountain to its original state. Several tests and studies began in 1945 and in 1966 it was generally restored to its hypothesized original appearance, removing the pieces that were added to it from the 16th century onward. In 2002 another major restoration process was begun by the Patronato de la Alhambra. One of the 12 lion sculptures was removed that year, followed by the rest in 2007, in order to undergo restoration in the Patronato's workshops. Harmful residues and particles were removed and cracks were repaired. The water basin, due to its size, remained on site and was restored in situ. After being exhibited at the Alhambra Museum for 2 years, the lions were put back in place in December 2011.
The hydraulic system of the fountain was also studied during the recent restoration process. In 1884, when the fountain's main basin was raised, a cylindrical marble bloc was discovered whose top was pierced by many holes. In 1890, archeologist Francisco de Paula Valladar hypothesized that this piece was the means by which water originally spilled into the fountain's main basin. Based on the description provided by Ibn Zamrak's poem inscribed on the basin, he theorized that the holes were connected to a system of pipes that allowed water to flow both in and out of the basin at the same time. This system maintained a steady water level in the basin and prevented the surface of the water from being disturbed, as suggested by Ibn Zamrak's poem, which evokes the "solid" appearance of the water. During the restoration work of the 1960s, experts were not yet able to implement this hydraulic system, therefore the fountain was left with a small water jet spouting water in the middle of the basin. In 1981 the original marble cylinder piece was removed for preservation and further study at the Alhambra Museum. In 2012, upon completing the restoration of the fountain, a replica of this cylindrical piece was installed in the fountain to replace the water jet, thus restoring the hydraulic system to its hypothesized original state.
The restoration choices that the Patronato has made over the years in regards to the fountain have been met with criticism or skepticism from some scholars. Bernhard Schirg, for example, has criticized the use of Ibn Zamrak's poem as a documentary reference to reconstitute the fountain's hydraulic system. Schirg argues that poems like those composed by Ibn Zamrak, as well as descriptions made by other historical writers, often blended direct description with metaphor and fantasy, and thus should not be taken at face value.
Excerpt of Ibn Zamrak's poem on the basin
The poet and minister Ibn Zamrak wrote a poem to describe the beauty of the courtyard. It also describes the fountain's hydraulic system. It is carved around the rim of the basin:
Possible influences and symbolism
The overall form of the palace courtyard – an elongated rectangle with two halls facing each other at either end – is found in many earlier palaces in Al-Andalus, including other Nasrid palaces in the Alhambra (e.g. Comares Palace), and precedents for this type can be found as far back as the 10th century in Madinat al-Zahra (near Cordoba). The main innovation in the Palace of the Lions is the addition of two more halls facing each other across the courtyard's short axis and the accompanying extension of the columned portico to all four sides of the courtyard.
The presence of the four converging water channels in the floor of the courtyard is generally considered to be a symbolic representation of Paradise, which in both Muslim and Christian traditions is described as having four rivers. This arrangement may have drawn on the tradition of the Persian chahar bagh – a garden divided along its central axes into four symmetrical parts – while combining it with the classical peristyle tradition (a portico or arcade surrounding a courtyard). Gardens with a chahar bagh-type quadripartite division are also known in many earlier monuments in both Al-Andalus and North Africa, where they are often known as a riad (or riyad). The star-like shape of the elaborate muqarnas dome in the Hall of the Abencerrajes (on the south side of the courtyard) may also symbolize the celestial heaven, as suggested by a poem by Ibn Zamrak that was originally inscribed on the walls. A similar comparison is made in the inscriptions of the northern Hall of the Two Sisters.
According to Robert Irwin, the architecture and decoration of the Palace of the Lions was probably influenced by Marinid architecture in Fez (present-day Morocco), as Muhammad V spent his exile between 1359 and 1362 living in Fez under the protection of the Marinid court and he built the palace after this upon his return to Granada. Irwin further notes that the decoration of the palace resembles that of Marinid madrasas in Fez. Jonathan Bloom also remarks that the design differences between the Palace of the Lions and earlier Nasrid palaces does not appear to be a "linear development" and that Muhammad V's time in Fez may be a factor in this evolution.
See also
Lambrequin arch
References
Citations
Sources
Alhambra (Spain)
Courtyards
Buildings and structures completed in the 14th century
14th century in Al-Andalus
Nasrid architecture |
4027151 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenfield%20Quarles | Greenfield Quarles | Greenfield Quarles (April 1, 1847 – January 14, 1921) was a Confederate States Army and United States Army soldier, judge, and one of the founders of the Sigma Nu fraternity.
Early life
Born in Christian County, Kentucky, his family moved to Arkansas in 1851. Quarles was a graduate of the Virginia Military Institute and during his time, along with James Frank Hopkins and James McIlvaine Riley founded the Sigma Nu Fraternity. In 1873, Quarles married his wife Ida Gist and had a daughter. In his early professional life, Quarles was a public servant having been elected a first district prosecuting attorney, a county judge, and probate judge.
Military service
Quarles served in the Confederate States Army during the civil war as a Private. After the war, he became a charter member of Camp Cawley of the United Confederate Veterans of Helena, Arkansas.
During the Spanish–American War, Quarles volunteered with the Arkansas Volunteer Infantry (Arkansas State Guard and the Spanish–American War) when called upon by the United States Army as a Major. Quarles did not participate in any battles in Cuba during the war.
During World War I, Quarles served as a special agent to the United States Government.
Death
Quarles died at his home in Helena, Arkansas.
References
External links
1847 births
1921 deaths
County judges in Arkansas
People from Christian County, Kentucky
People from Helena, Arkansas
Sigma Nu founders |
4027164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuya%20Yagira | Yuya Yagira | is a Japanese actor. In 2004, he became the youngest winner of the Best Actor award in the history of the Cannes Film Festival for his portrayal of 12-year-old Akira in the highly acclaimed Nobody Knows.
Career
Yagira was 12 years old and not a professional actor, when filming began for Nobody Knows in 2002. He then immediately went on to television projects and other films. He co-starred with Eriko Sato in Akane Yamada's All to the Sea which was released in 2010 and co-starred with Kie Kitano in Taro Hyugaji's Under the Nagasaki Sky, released in 2013. Asakusa kid
Personal life
He was hospitalized on August 29, 2008 for a drug overdose, with early reports calling it a suicide attempt. Yagira later denied that he had been trying to kill himself, noting that he was the one who called an ambulance after he began feeling ill from taking the pills. According to his blog:
On January 15, 2010, Yuya Yagira married TV personality Ellie Toyota at Tokyo's Meiji Shrine. They had registered their marriage on January 14.
Brand Endorsements
In 2018, Yagira became the brand ambassador for Japanese men's grooming brand GATSBY. He starred in the TV Commercial "GATSBY Cop", together with popular Japanese actor Mackenyu Arata.
Filmography
Television
Kunimitsu no Matsuri (KTV, 2003), Shinsaku Sakagami
Denchi ga Kireru Made (TV Asahi, 2004), Daichi Takano
Tokyo23: Survival City (WOWOW, 2010), Noboru Arai
Lady: Saigo no Hanzai Profile, episodes 4, 5 (TBS, 2011), Satoshi Tatsumi
Galileo XX (Fuji TV, 2013), Kento Tōma
Aoi Honō (TV Tokyo, 2014), Moyuru Honoo
Nobunaga Concerto, episode 1 (Fuji TV, 2014), Oda Nobuyuki
Nurses of the Palace (TBS, 2015), Kōtarō Nakano
Mare (NHK, Asadora, 2015), Daisuke Ikehata
We're Millennial Got a Problem? (NTV, 2016), Maribu Michigami
The Brave Yoshihiko and The Seven Driven People (TV Tokyo, 2016), Yuusha Yoshihiko
Naotora: The Lady Warlord (NHK, Taiga Drama, 2017), Ryūun-maru
Mom, May I Quit Being Your Daughter? (NHK, 2017), Taichi Matsushima
Frankenstein's Love (NTV, 2017), Seiya Inaniwa
Gintama: Mitsuba hen (dTV, 2017), Toshiro Hijikata
Gintama of the Unusual (dTV, 2018), Toshiro Hijikata
From Today, It's My Turn, episode 3 (NTV, 2018), Moyuru Honoo
A Day-Off of Kasumi Arimura, episode 4 (Wowow, 2020), Kevin Takeda
Gift of Fire (NHK, 2020), Osamu Ishimura
Pay to Ace (NTV, 2021), Kurodo Kuroki
Film
Nobody Knows (2004), Akira Fukushima
Shining Boy and Little Randy (2005)
Sugar and Spice (2006), Shiro Yamashita
The Bandage Club (2007)
The Shock Labyrinth 3D (2009)
All to the Sea (2010)
Under the Nagasaki Sky (2013), Goro Sawada
Unforgiven (2013), Yuichi Hirose
Again (2013), Ryutaro
Crows Explode (2014), Toru Gora
Ushijima the Loan Shark 2 (2014), Ebinuma
Saiga no Inochi (2014), Keito Myose
Gassoh (2015), Kiwamu Akitsu
Destruction Babies (2016), Taira Ashihara
Hentai Kamen: Abnormal Crisis (2016), Tadashi Makoto
Pink and Gray (2016), Shingo Suzuki
Ninkyo Yaro (2016)
Grab the Sun (2016)
Gintama (2017), Toshiro Hijikata
Samurai's Promise (2018), Chiri Tsubaki
Hibiki (2018), Kohei Tanaka
Gintama 2 (2018), Toshiro Hijikata
His Lost Name (2019), Shichi
The Fable (2019), Kojima
Don't Cry, Mr. Ogre (2019), Tomoyuki Saito
Doraemon: Nobita's Chronicle of the Moon Exploration (2019)
From Today, It's My Turn the Movie (2020), Eiji Yanagi
Hokusai (2021), Hokusai Katsushika (young)
Gift of Fire (2021), Osamu Ishimura
Under the Turquoise Sky (2021), Takeshi
Asakusa Kid (2021), Takeshi Kitano
The Fish Tale (2022), Hiyo
Awards
2004: 57th Cannes Film Festival - Best Actor for Nobody Knows
2004: 90th Kinema Junpo Award - Best New Actor for Nobody Knows
2005: 26th Yokohama Film Festival - Best New Actor for Nobody Knows
2016: Drama Academy Awards - Best Supporting Actor for We're Millennials. Got a problem?
2017: 90th Kinema Junpo Award - Best Actor for Destruction Babies
2017: 38th Yokohama Film Festival - Best Actor for Destruction Babies
2022: 46th Elan d'or Awards - Newcomer of the Year
References
External links
1990 births
Living people
21st-century Japanese male actors
Japanese male child actors
Japanese male film actors
Male actors from Tokyo
People from Western Tokyo
Stardust Promotion artists
Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor winners
Horikoshi High School alumni |
4027180 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZCTU | ZCTU | ZCTU may mean:
Zambia Congress of Trade Unions
Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions |
4027198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20McIlvaine%20Riley | James McIlvaine Riley | James McIlvaine Riley (May 16, 1849 - May 6, 1911) is one of the founders of the Sigma Nu fraternity. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, he entered the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in the fall of 1866. Riley was a member of VMI's first baseball team in the fall of 1866, playing second base and eventually serving as the team's captain. While at VMI, James Frank Hopkins, Greenfield Quarles and Riley became close friends and founded Sigma Nu fraternity. Riley was elected the first Commander (or President) of the chapter at VMI, and served as the first Regent of Sigma Nu fraternity, a position he held for ten years. He died at age 61 and is buried in a plot in Bellefontaine Cemetery near the St. Louis Alumni chapter.
External links
References
1849 births
1911 deaths
Virginia Military Institute alumni
People from St. Louis
Burials at Bellefontaine Cemetery
Sigma Nu founders |
4027200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Student%20Badminton%20Tournament | International Student Badminton Tournament | International Student Badminton Tournament (ISBT) is a badminton tournament organised for students, by students. They take place all over Europe, in countries including Austria, England, France, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia and Scotland. ISBTs promote both the sport of badminton and the social aspect of the game.
ISBTs are open to all standards of player. Many of the student tournaments allow recent graduates to enter under their former clubs or as graduate teams. The players are divided into 4 categories - A (national to top regional standard), B (regional to top club standard), C (club standard) and D (recreational standard). Each player competes in two out of the three disciplines: singles, doubles and mixed doubles. Each match consists of 2 games, so that the result is either a 2-0 win, 0-2 loss or 1-1 draw.
The tournaments are usually 3 to 4 days long and consist of playing badminton during the day and partying at night. Competitors often sleep in the same sports hall where the matches are played and are typically woken up in the morning to the sound of themed music and announcements of the first match of the day. A good example of such a wake up song is "Guten Morgen Sonnenschein" by Nana Mouskouri, however, in the UK and Ireland, accommodation is arranged by the teams themselves. In the event that a player does not turn up for a match, their opponent will receive a walk-over and full points. ISBTs are almost always themed, with a fancy dress party on the last night. Past themes include
Wild West
70's
Seven Deadly Sins & Seven Heavenly Virtues
3
Hollywood
The 'Swiss ladder' system is used to rank the players. This means that players compete against others who have had similar results in previous games. A player does not normally play the same opposition twice. After the last round has been played either the player at the top of the table is the named the winner, or there is a play-off between the top two pairs of the division. Players do not enter with a set partner. Each player will be allocated a partner at random from the same section they have entered. This is to even out each section and also highlight the social aspects of these tournaments.
ISBTs have grown rapidly in popularity over the last few years. One of the largest ISBTs on record was the 2008 Irish ISBT that took place in Limerick, Republic of Ireland, at which over 250 players from all over Europe participated.
Team Newcastle (or otherwise known as Newcastle Old Boys) are the most successful franchise in the tournament history. They have won the team trophy, awarded for the best averaged individual player results, 5 times between 2002 and 2015.
International Solibad Badminton Tournament
In June 2013, London hosted the first annual International Solibad Badminton Tournament. The familiar ISBT format is applied, but this tournament is open to all adults, with the student focus being replaced by a charitable focus, raising awareness for the Solibad charity and including fundraising elements.
Upcoming ISBTs
2019
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, The Netherlands, 29 December 2019 - 1 January 2020, https://rb.gy/fdb5ab
2020
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 27 - 29 March 2020, register here
Previous ISBTs
2019
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 29 - 31 March 2019
2018
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 23 - 25 March 2018
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, The Netherlands, 29 – 31 December
2017
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 24 - 26 March 2017
2016
ISBT London - London, UK, 25–26 June 2016
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 19–20 March 2016
2015
ISBT Amsterdam - Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 9–10 May 2015
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 21–22 March 2015
2014
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, Netherlands, 28 December - 1 January 2015
ISBT Limerick - Limerick, Ireland, 25–27 October 2014
ISBT London - London, UK, 21–22 June 2014
ISBT Amsterdam - Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2–4 May 2014
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 8–9 March 2014
TTST 2014 - Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 31 January - 2 February
2013
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, Netherlands, 29–31 December
ISBT Ireland - Limerick, Ireland, 26–28 October
ISBT London (International Solibad Badminton Tournament) - London, England, 29–30 June
ISBT Maastricht - Maastricht, The Netherlands, 28–30 June
ISBT Amsterdam - Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 16–19 May
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 15–17 March
Victor TTST Rotterdam - Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 1–3 February
2012
TTST Rotterdam - Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3–5 February
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, Netherlands, 16–18 March
The Granite City ISBT - Aberdeen, Scotland, 4–7 April
ISBT Amsterdam - Amsterdam, Netherlands, 12–13 May
ISBT Maastricht - Maastricht, Netherlands, 22–24 June
ISBT Ireland - Limerick, Ireland, 27–29 October
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, Netherlands, 29–31 December
2011
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, Netherlands, 28 December – 1 January 2012
ISBT Ireland - Limerick, Ireland, 29–31 October
ISBT Tønsberg - Tønsberg, Norway, 10 – 14 August
ISBT Maastricht - Maastricht, The Netherlands, 24 – 26 June
ISBT Amsterdam - Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 7 – 8 May
ISBT Paris - Paris, France, 22 – 24 April
ISBT Aberdeen - Aberdeen, Scotland, 20 – 23 April
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 19 – 20 March
TTST Rotterdam - Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 5 – 6 February
ISBT Galway (GSBT) - Galway, Ireland, 21 – 23 January
2010
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, The Netherlands, 28 – 31 December
ISBT Pilsen - Plzeň, Czech Republic, 5 – 7 November
ISBT Ireland - Limerick, Ireland, 22 – 25 October
ISBT Tilburg - Tilburg, The Netherlands, 16 – 17 October
ISBT Norway - Tønsberg, Norway, 11 – 15 August
ISBT Maastricht - Maastricht, The Netherlands, 26 – 27 June
ISBT Amsterdam - Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8 – 9 May
ISBT Poland - Warsaw, Poland, 1 – 2 May
ISBT Cologne - Köln, Germany, 2 – 5 April
ISBT Aberdeen - Aberdeen, Scotland, 1 – 3 April
ISBT Utrecht - Utrecht, The Netherlands, 20 – 21 March
TTST Rotterdam - Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 6 – 7 February
2009
ISBT Enschede - Enschede, The Netherlands, 29 – 31 December
2008
ISBT Berlin - Berlin, Germany, 10 – 12 May
ISBT Linz - Linz, Austria, 22 – 24 March
References
External links
ISBT Amsterdam
ISBT Berlin (last edition in 2008)
ISBT Cologne (last edition in 2010)
ISBT Enschede
ISBT Ireland
ISBT Linz (last edition in 2008)
ISBT Maastricht
ISBT Norway
ISBT Paris
ISBT Pilsen
TTST Rotterdam
ISBT Tilburg
ISBT Utrecht
ISBT Enschede
Badminton tournaments
European international sports competitions
European student competitions
Student sports competitions |
4027201 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdagno | Valdagno | Valdagno is a town and comune in the province of Vicenza, north-eastern Italy. The town was the birthplace of the textile manufacturing company Marzotto, and home to the Italian hotel chain "Jolly Hotels"
Geography
The town extends along the river Agno, from which Valdagno takes its name, and the homonymous valley surrounded by hills; the Piccole Dolomiti and the Alti Lessini. The presence of the river Agno influenced both the town origins and its development; in particular, it provided water to the population, increasing industrial activities especially in the textile area. The valley has a west–east orientation, allowing wind currents from the Adriatic Sea to cause climate consequences.
The municipal area is split by the SP. 246 road, which provides links to the north with Recoaro Terme and to the south with Cornedo Vicentino. The historical town centre is seen as a reference point by the entirety of the community.
Etymology of the name
The word "Valdagno" is the union of the sentence "valle dell'Agno", meaning "valley of the Agno". According to historian Giovanni Mantese, the name originated from the Latin Vallis Alnei, meaning "valley of ontano".
History
The town has been known to exist from the year 861. It is first mentioned in an 1184 document when it was a fief given by the Vicenza bishop to the Trissino family.
Two castles were erected on two opposite hills, one being named the Valdagno castle and the other the Panisacco Castle. However the Vicenza comune started very soon to contend it to the Trissino family, who in turn joined forces with Scaligers to defend it.
In 1291, in the course of the war with Verona, the Republic of Venice occupied Valdagno and kept it until 1340. In 1377 it was pillaged by Bernabò Visconti and in 1404 it went back to the Venetians. From 1434 to 1439 it was occupied by the Visconti family and then re-annexed to Venice by Gian Giorgio Trissino.
Between 1510 and 1514 it suffered repeated destruction by the armies of Maximilian I, during the War of the League of Cambrai. Starting from 1797, with the fall of the Republic of Venice, Valdagno fell under French and Austrian rule. It was annexed to the newly created Kingdom of Italy in 1866.
Valdagno is the birthplace of Gaetano Marzotto, a pioneer of the textile industry and founder of the Marzotto, which allowed Valdagno to become an industrial centre.
Places of interest
The historical centre
The majority of the town layout is from the 18th century, in particular from the period of the Republic of Venice.
The 16th century ex-convent Santa Maria delle Grazie is reached by entering Valdagno from Regina Margerita street and heading towards the historic centre. A short walk from the ex convent is Villa Valle, where the once called Orsini-Marzotto, now Centro Culturale Comunale "Gaetano Marzotto", is in charge of curating a municipal modern art gallery and public library. Because of its cultural and artistic value, Villa Valle is considered the most important villa of Valdagno. The honour hall is a wide area uniting different areas of the villa, according to classical Venetian architecture; its height is equivalent of that of two floors, and is lit by twelve openings in the ceiling. The hall is enriched by four doors with triangular pediments, where two images are sculpted representing the seasons and the four vital elements: earth, fire, water and air. On the two shortest sides of the hall, two wooden galleries can be seen connecting the two wings in the first floor of the villa. Other places of interest in the vicinity of Villa Valle are:
Villa Gajanigo Barbieri, a neoclassical façade villa only visible through a fence. It was designed in the late 18th century by architect Carlo Barrera.
Villa Zanuso, now Villa Fontanari, built in the second half of the 19th century.
Duomo
The Duomo of St. Clemente (18th century) is located on the right bank of the river Agno. On the furthest back wall of the sacristy is positioned the big Ancona of Saint Clemente, a stone polyptych carrying the date "1445". The Duomo also holds nine valuable Veronese ringing style bells in C3.
Sport
The town has a football team, F.C. Valdagno and is home to the rink hockey team Isello Hockey Valdagno.
Gallery
Twin towns
Prien am Chiemsee, Germany, since 1987
References
External links
Valdagno History
Hockey Valdagno
Cities and towns in Veneto |
4027205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton%20L.%20Wood | Milton L. Wood | Milton LeGrand Wood III (August 21, 1922 – July 16, 2015) was a bishop suffragan in the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta from 1967 to 1974.
Background
Wood was born in Selma, Alabama, on August 21, 1922, to Milton Wood Sr. and Roberta Hawkins Wood. He attended the University of the South, receiving his bachelor's degree and later his Master of Divinity, graduating in 1945. Bishop Carpenter of the Episcopal Diocese of Alabama ordained him as a deacon on November 18, 1945, in St. John's Episcopal Church (Montgomery, Alabama), and later as a priest on August 24, 1946. In 1949, Milton Wood married Ann Scott.
In 1963, Bishop Randolph Royall Claiborne Jr. of the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta called Father Wood to serve as Canon to the Ordinary. He also served as rector of All Saints' Church, Atlanta, Georgia for eight years, having also served at the Appleton Home in Macon, Georgia. In 1967 he was elected bishop suffragan to assist Bishop Claiborne. He served in that capacity until 1974 when he was called to New York City to serve as the executive for administration at the Episcopal Church Center. He retired in 1984 and died in 2015 at Montgomery, Alabama at the age of 92.
Consecrators
John Elbridge Hines, 22nd presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church USA
Charles C. J. Carpenter, 6th bishop of Alabama
Randolph Royall Claiborne Jr., 5th bishop of Atlanta
N.B.: 625th bishop consecrated in the Episcopal Church.
References
Atlanta Diocese Centennial History page on Bishop Wood.
The Episcopal Church Annual. Morehouse Publishing: New York, NY (2005).
Notes
1922 births
2015 deaths
People from Selma, Alabama
20th-century American Episcopalians
Episcopal bishops of Atlanta |
4027214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Center%20for%20Data%20Mining | National Center for Data Mining | The National Center for Data Mining (NCDM) is a center of the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), established in 1998 to serve as a resource for research, standards development, and outreach for high performance and distributed data mining and predictive modeling.
NCDM won the High Performance Bandwidth Challenge at SuperComputing '06 in Tampa, FL and recently demonstrated the use of UDP Data Transport.
External links
National Center for Data Mining
SC06 Bandwidth Challenge Results
University of Illinois Chicago |
4027223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisciotta | Pisciotta | Pisciotta is an Italian town and comune of the province of Salerno, in the region of Campania.
History
According to legend, Trojans escaping from the fire and the destruction of their city, Troy, founded Siris. Some of the inhabitants of the city later advanced westwards, following the vast valley of the Sinni river, up to the lake and to the Sirino mountain (from which they took the name), near present-day Lagonegro, where they founded the city of Siruci (now called Seluce). From here, they went to the Tyrrhenian Sea, on the beach of the Gulf of Policastro. Here they founded the colony of Pixous. This event is shown in a rare series of ancient coins, in archaic characters, with the names of Sirinos and Pixoes inscribed, referring respectively, to the populations of the two cities of Siris and Pixous, respectively. The name "Pixous" comes from the root "PYX", which derives from the Greek word for boxwood (present in the coat of arms of Pisciotta town hall).
In the year 194 BC, the Greek word pixous became corrupted to the Latin Buxentum.
In AD 915, when the town was plundered and burnt by the Saracens of Agropoli, the town's name had already changed to Policastro. Many of the fleeing Bussetani went beyond the promontory of Palinuro, where they founded a small village that they called Pixoctum, in memory of their lost town. Over the years the name had changed many times - Pixocta, then Pissocta, then Pichotta and finally Pisciotta.
The name of Pisciotta is found in the Catalogus Baronum (1144). The year 1464 marked for the country a very important development, when the survivors of Molpa, following the destruction of their village, were sheltered in Pisciotta. Until the abolition of feudality in 1806, Pisciotta was owned by the Caracciolos (1270), the Sanseverinos (15th century), the Pappacodas (from 1590).
Beginning in 1996 (or so) Pisciotta became host for a summer study-abroad program conducted through SUNY Purchase College.
Geography
Located on a hill above the coastline of Cilento and its port and marina, Pisciotta lies on the national highway 447 between Ascea and Palinuro. The municipality borders with Ascea, Centola and San Mauro La Bruca; and counts the hamlets (frazioni) of Caprioli, Marina di Pisciotta and Rodio.
Twin towns
Hazleton, United States
See also
Cilentan dialect
Cilentan Coast
Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park
References
External links
Cities and towns in Campania
Localities of Cilento |
4027258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Gufs | The Gufs | The Gufs are an American pop and rock band from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The band's latest album A Different Sea was released on October 17, 2006. Their first single from the album was "Beautiful Disaster", which was the #2 unsigned artist download in October 2006 at the website www.purevolume.com.
The Gufs are best known for their songs "Smile" and "Crash (into Me)".
To celebrate their twentieth anniversary in 2008, The Gufs played a series of four free concerts with the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra in June.
History
The Gufs began as an eastside Milwaukee band in 1988, with University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee students Goran Kralj and Scott Schwebel. Kralj and Schwebel, roommates and teammates on UWM's soccer team, recruited Kralj's younger brother, Dejan Kralj (still in high school in Northwestern Indiana), and high school friend Tony Luna, to round-off the quartet on bass and lead guitar. The band took their name from a place where a baby's soul comes from before the child is born, a phrase used in the Demi Moore film The Seventh Sign. After a few years of playing local eastside Milwaukee bars, the band lineup changed, as Luna left in 1990 to pursue a career in sound engineering, opening the way for Marquette University student and Milwaukee native Morgan Dawley to fill the vacancy. The band soon gained momentum, performing more frequently throughout Milwaukee. The band also featured percussionist Brian Pettit on all of their albums up to their Atlantic Records Release of "The Gufs." After the album release and tour, Brian left the band to pursue other interests.
The band took second place at a battle of the bands at Marquette University in 1991.
The band released several independent label records and gained increasing exposure nationwide on college radio before being signed by Atlantic Records. The Gufs' tour with Matchbox Twenty resulted in Rob Thomas singing backup on the song "Give Back Yourself" on their Holiday from You album. The band broke up in 1999 after being disillusioned with the music industry and after feeling like Atlantic wasn't promoting the album properly.
The Gufs got back together in 2006 and released the album A Different Sea. They released the song "A Beautiful Disaster" and went on a national tour. The Gufs have often played Summerfest throughout their career.
Members
Goran Kralj - lead singer
Dejan Kralj - bass guitar
Morgan Dawley - lead guitar and backup vocals
Scott Schwebel - drums
Discography
Albums
Live albums
Singles
"Smile" was included on the compilation CDs Sounds of the Leisure Class Records: Midwest Collection, and WIIL Rock 95.1 Live. "Smile" was also remixed into a techno trance song at one point in the late 1990s, and recorded acoustic "Give Back Yourself" was included on the compilation CD Aware Compilation, Vol. 7.
References
[ www.allmusic.com list of albums (caution:several release dates reflect major label re-release dates)]
American pop music groups
Rock music groups from Wisconsin
Musical groups established in 1988
Atlantic Records artists |
4027260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Kingsbury%20Simkhovitch | Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch | Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch (September 8, 1867 – November 15, 1951) was an American city planner and social worker.
Biography
She was born in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts to Laura Davis Holmes (1839-1932) and Isaac Franklin Kingsbury (1841-1919). She graduated from Newton High School in 1886 and received her B.A. from Boston University, where she had been a member of Phi Beta Kappa, in 1890. During college she performed volunteer work in a teenage girls' club at Boston's St. Augustine's Episcopal Church, an African American congregation, and at "St. Monica's Home for old colored women." After graduation she taught Latin in the Somerville, Massachusetts High School for two years. In 1894 she started a year of graduate school at Radcliffe College. Two Boston organizations, the Church of the Carpenter, a Christian Socialist church founded by W. D. P. Bliss, and Denison House, a settlement house run by Helena Dudley, had a lasting influence on Simkhovitch. She visited black and immigrant families in Boston’s tenement slums, observed and documented their poverty, and became aware of the power and wealth of the city’s slumlords. In 1895 she attended the University of Berlin on a scholarship from the Women's Educational and Industrial Union. Her mother accompanied her to Europe in the summer of 1895 and stayed in Berlin while school was in session. It was there that Mary met and became engaged to Vladimir Simkhovitch (1874-1959), a Russian student of economics. During the summer of 1896 she and her friend Emily Greene Balch, the future Nobel Peace Prize winner, attended the International Socialist Trade Union Congress in London.
After London she attended Columbia University where she worked with Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman and James Harvey Robinson and boarded with the writer Anne O'Hagan Shinn.
In 1902, she and others founded the Greenwich House, a settlement house in Greenwich Village in New York City. In 1905, she was a member of the Committee of Fourteen that was seeking to reduce prostitution in New York City.
Death
She died on November 15, 1951 in New York City.
Archive
Her papers are archived at Harvard.
Publications
The Red Festival (1934)
See also
Settlement house
References
External links
Mary K. Simkhovitch Papers. Schlesinger Library , Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
1867 births
1951 deaths
American social workers
American women writers
Boston University alumni
Radcliffe College alumni
American urban planners
Women urban planners
Columbia University alumni |
4027264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowjacket%20%28Charlton%20Comics%29 | Yellowjacket (Charlton Comics) | Yellowjacket is a fictional super-hero, and the first to be published by the company that would become Charlton Comics. He first appeared in Yellowjacket Comics #1 (September 1944).
Publication history
Yellowjacket starred in his own title, Yellowjacket Comics, which was published for ten issues from 1944 to 1946. There was no artist or writer credited for the stories. These ten issues were published by "E. Levy/Frank Comunale", which later became Charlton. When the title was renamed Jack in the Box, Yellowjacket appeared in the first issue, #11. He also appeared in TNT Comics #1, which was published by "Charles Publications".
Due to copyright laws at the time of his inception, Yellowjacket lapsed into the public domain on the 28th anniversary of his initial published appearance.
Yellowjacket finally makes his DC Comics debut in Grant Morrison's The Multiversity series. He is the first superhero on Earth 4, as well as the father of the President of the United States on that Earth.
Fictional character biography
Yellowjacket's secret identity is crime writer and amateur beekeeper Vince Harley. After a group of jewel robbers attempted to kill him by pouring a box of yellowjackets on him, he found that he had gained the ability to control the insects, and used that ability to fight crime while wearing a yellow costume with a black and yellow striped cape resembling the markings of a bee.
According to Jess Nevins' Encyclopedia of Golden Age Superheroes, "he fights ordinary criminals, insane surgeons, foreign agents, and mad architects".
In The Multiversity, he is shown to have been accidentally shot and killed by his son.
References
External links
Yellowjacket's page at International Superheroes
A Hero History Of Yellowjacket
Yellowjacket (1944) at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on September 11, 2015.
Charlton Comics superheroes
Charlton Comics titles
Golden Age superheroes
Fictional writers
1944 comics debuts
Comics characters introduced in 1944
American comics characters
American superheroes
Public domain comics
Golden Age comics titles
Vigilante characters in comics |
4027276 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed%20Hassan%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201975%29 | Ahmed Hassan (footballer, born 1975) | Ahmed Hassan (; born 2 May 1975) is an Egyptian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or on the right wing. He is the fourth most capped international male footballer in history, having made 184 appearances for the Egypt national team. Hassan is regarded as one of the best players in African football history.
Club career
Early career
Ahmed Hassan started his professional football career as a right-back at Aswan Club in the Egyptian lower divisions. After one season there, he moved to the more successful Ismaily. He was 20 when he was selected for the first time to play in the Egyptian national team's friendly match against Ghana on 29 December 1995. After his impressive performances with the Egyptian national team in the African Cup of Nations 1998, including scoring a goal from a long range shot against South Africa in the final that helped the squad win the tournament, Hassan joined Turkish side Kocaelispor at the age of 22. In 2000, he was transferred to Denizlispor before joining his Egyptian international teammate Abdel-Zaher El-Saqua in 2001 when he moved to Gençlerbirliği. Following three successful seasons with the club, during which the team twice made the Turkish Cup Final, he moved to Beşiktaş where he was a first team regular as well as a regular on the team's scoring sheet. He particularly impressed manager Jean Tigana who, despite being known for selecting younger players for his first team, still regarded the 30-year-old Hassan a key player of the squad. Tigana stated that "Hassan is a hardworking player who is quick and talented."
Anderlecht
After Hassan was named "Best Player of the African Cup of Nations 2006" he met Ziyad Abou Chair who gave him licence to play in foreign countries, Fulham, Rangers, Newcastle United, and Espanyol were reportedly interested in signing him. However, he chose to move to R.S.C. Anderlecht, the Belgian First Division champions, on a free transfer after choosing not to extend his contract with Beşiktaş, which ended in 2006. Hassan joined Anderlecht due to its automatic qualification to the UEFA Champions League and became an important part of the Anderlecht attack, setting up and scoring goals himself. His position in the midfield was in front of Lucas Biglia and Jan Polák, just behind the strikers Serhat Akin and Nicolas Frutos. In the 2007–08 season, he stated that that season would be his last for Anderlecht. His family had already returned to Egypt, and he followed them there.
Return to Egypt
Ahmed Hassan chose to move to Egyptian club Al Ahly to end his career in Egypt, signing a three-year contract as of May 2008. He scored in his first competitive match against legendary rival Zamalek, in the opening of the CAF Champions League, from a long-range free-kick. In September 2010 he suffered a career-threatening injury in an African Cup of Nations qualifier against Sierra Leone that would keep him away from the fields for six months.
On 19 July 2011, Hassan signed with Ahly's bitter rivals Zamalek to a two-year contract as a free transfer after his contract with Ahly expired. On 20 September 2011, Hassan made his official debut with Zamalek in a cup match against Wadi Degla giving a phenomenal performance and scoring two goals and helping his team defeat Degla 4–1 and qualify to the next round. When the league was stopped in February due to the Port Said Stadium disaster, Hassan had played in all 15 games for Zamalek finishing as top scorer of the team with 7 goals. He then scored in a CAF Champions League match against Moroccan Maghreb Fez with a header in the 81st minute. On 16 January Hassan scored in a friendly against Ukrainian giants FC Shakhtar Donetsk.
International career
Hassan has played in eight Africa Cup of Nations tournaments for Egypt, winning the tournament four times, in 1998, 2006, 2008 and 2010. In the 2006 tournament, he was named captain and scored four goals in six matches, the second-highest individual goal tally in that year's tournament. He was named best player of the tournament after winning his second title and Egypt's fifth, a feat he repeated in 2010 at the age of 34. In 2008, Hassan captained Egypt to their sixth Africa Cup of Nations victory. Ahmed Hassan is one of a number of players who have earned more than 100 international caps for Egypt, and is currently the third most capped male player for any country. He also holds the record for most Africa Cup of Nations won by any player in history.
Hassan broke Hossam Hassan's appearance record with his 170th cap for Egypt on 25 January 2010 in the Africa Cup of Nations quarter final against Cameroon. He had an eventful game: he headed an Achille Emaná corner into his own net (though Emana was credited with the goal); equalized from long range and claimed the final goal in a 3–1 win in extra time from a free-kick despite replays showing the ball did not cross the line. On 31 January 2010, Hassan picked up his fourth Africa Cup of Nations winners's medal as Egypt defeated Ghana 1–0 in the final.
In November 2011, Hassan played his 178th game for Egypt in a friendly against Brazil. In doing so he matched the record for international appearances. On 27 March 2012, Hassan started a friendly match against Kenya earning 184 international appearances.
Personal life
Hassan was selected as an ambassador for the Holland–Belgium 2018 or 2022 World Cup bid along with Ruud Gullit. Hassan was the honorary president of the 2015 edition of the SATUC Football Cup, an international football competition for refugees and orphans.
Career statistics
International
Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Hassan goal.
Honours
Ismaily
Egypt Cup: 1997
Beşiktaş
Türkiye Kupası: 2005–06
Anderlecht
Belgian First Division: 2006–07
Belgian Cup: 2007–08
Belgian Super Cup: 2006, 2007
Al Ahly
Egyptian Premier League: 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11
Egyptian Super Cup: 2008, 2010
CAF Champions League: 2008
African Super Cup: 2009
Zamalek
Egypt Cup: 2013
Egypt
African Cup of Nations: 1998, 2006, 2008, 2010
Individual
Africa Cup of Nations Best Player: 2006, 2010
African Inter-Club Player of the Year: 2010
Africa Cup of Nations Dream Team: 2006, 2010
See also
List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps
References
External links
SoccerEgypt.com
1975 births
Living people
Egyptian footballers
Association football midfielders
Association football utility players
Aswan SC players
Ismaily SC players
Kocaelispor footballers
Denizlispor footballers
Gençlerbirliği S.K. footballers
Beşiktaş J.K. footballers
R.S.C. Anderlecht players
Al Ahly SC players
Zamalek SC players
Egyptian Premier League players
Süper Lig players
Belgian First Division A players
Egypt international footballers
1996 African Cup of Nations players
1998 African Cup of Nations players
1999 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2000 African Cup of Nations players
2002 African Cup of Nations players
2004 African Cup of Nations players
2006 Africa Cup of Nations players
2008 Africa Cup of Nations players
2009 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2010 Africa Cup of Nations players
Africa Cup of Nations-winning players
FIFA Century Club
Egyptian expatriate footballers
Egyptian expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Egyptian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Egyptian football managers
Petrojet SC managers
Egyptian Premier League managers
People from Minya Governorate |
4027278 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet%20Kodiak | Chevrolet Kodiak | The Chevrolet Kodiak and GMC TopKick are a range of medium duty trucks that were produced by the Chevrolet and GMC divisions of General Motors from 1980 to 2009. Introduced as a variant of the medium-duty C/K truck line, three generations were produced. Slotted between the C/K trucks and the GMC Brigadier Class 8 conventional, the Kodiak/TopKick were developed as a basis for vocationally-oriented trucks, including cargo haulers, dump trucks, and similar vehicles; on later generations, both cutaway and cowled-chassis variants were produced for bus use.
Following years of declining market share, General Motors (in line with Ford Motor Company) sought to exit heavy-truck manufacturing. After struggling to enter joint ventures or sell the rights to its product line, the company ended production of the Kodiak and TopKick in 2009. The final medium-duty truck, a GMC TopKick 5500, rolled out of Flint Truck Assembly on July 31, 2009.
For the 2019 model year, after a ten-year hiatus, General Motors re-entered the conventional medium-duty truck segment. Developed in a joint venture with Navistar International, the Chevrolet Silverado 4500/5500 is a Class 4-6 vehicle. Slightly smaller than the Kodiak/Topkick, the Silverado 4500/5500 is marketed exclusively as a Chevrolet (with no GMC counterpart).
First generation (1981–1989)
For 1981, General Motors introduced the Chevrolet Kodiak and GMC TopKick as short-hood variants of the medium-duty C/K trucks. Developed to accommodate the Caterpillar 3208 V8 diesel engine, the Kodiak/TopKick moved the cab upward several inches for the use of a larger radiator. While sharing the C/K cab, the hood length was shortened, reducing the BBC length to 92 inches.
Officially receiving the Chevrolet C70/GMC C7000 model nomenclature, the Kodiak name followed Chevrolet "frontier beast" naming tradition for its heavy conventionals (Chevrolet Bison and Chevrolet Bruin) while the GMC TopKick was a military slang term (following GMC Brigadier and GMC General). Though produced with a single engine, the Kodiak/TopKick were offered with both single and tandem-axle drive configurations; both straight truck and semitractor configurations were produced.
Following the retirement of Chevrolet from the Class 8 truck segment after 1981, the Class 7 Kodiak became the largest truck offered by Chevrolet. Alongside the raised height of the cab and its shorter length, the hood of the model line has a larger grille (repositioning the headlamps between the grille and bumper).
Second generation (1990–2002)
The second generation of the Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC TopKick was introduced for 1990. Under the GMT530 architecture, all GM medium-duty trucks were consolidated under the Kodiak/TopKick nomenclature, with C/K shifting to consumer-derived vehicles (pickup trucks). Following the 1986 joint venture between GM and Volvo, GMC ended production of the General, Astro, and Brigadier, leaving the Class 6-7 Kodiak/TopKick as the largest vehicles produced by GM.
In line with the previous generation, while designed with its own heavier-duty chassis, the cab of GMT530 trucks was derived from the GMT400 C/K pickup (introduced in 1988) to lower the costs of tooling. As before, two-door and four-door configurations were offered; a raised-roof cab became optional during the 1990s. Over its thirteen-year production run, the GMT530 platform underwent relatively few changes; as airbags were not required in medium-duty trucks, the 1988-design interior was retained through the entire production run. For 1997, GM replaced the Kodiak and TopKick badging with C5500-C8500 model names, bringing the medium-duty trucks in line with the rest of the C/K naming convention. As an option, a lower-profile "aerodynamic" hood became an option (not offered on severe-service or school bus applications).
In a break from the single engine offering of the first generation Kodiak/TopKick, GMT530 adopted the powertrain line of the 1973-1989 medium-duty C/K trucks. Gasoline engines were offered as standard equipment, with diesel engines as an option. The standard gasoline engine was a 6.0L fuel-injected V8, with an optional carbureted 7.0L V8 (replaced by a 7.4L V8 in 1991); in the mid-1990s, the 7.4 L became the standard gasoline engine. In 2002, the 7.4-liter V8 was replaced by the 8.1-liter Vortec V8 (the highest-displacement V8 ever offered in a production vehicle by Chevrolet). In place of the Caterpillar 3208 V8 diesel used in the first generation Kodiak/TopKick, the GMT530 trucks offered the Caterpillar 3116 inline-six with . This was upgraded to produce beginning with the 1991 model year. The Caterpillar 3126 inline-six was introduced as an optional diesel engine in 1997.
After GM ended production of the GMT530 for the US market after 2002, production for Mexico continued in Toluca, Mexico, through 2008. From 1995 to 2001, the GMT530 was assembled in Brazil using components imported from Mexico, built to Mexican specifications. All Brazil-market examples were produced with the Caterpillar 3116 diesel engine. In Brazil, the trucks were badged according to their GMVR (in metric tons) and rounded horsepower output (12-170 for 12 tons-170 hp, 14-190 for 14 tons-190 hp, and 16-220 for 16 tons-220 hp).
In May 2021, the final GMT530-based vehicle built at the Janesville plant was put up for auction. The 2002 GMC C8500 tandem-axle dump truck was owned and operated by the city of Janesville for nearly 20-years prior to the sale. The vehicle bore the signatures of numerous former employees of the plant.
Third generation (2003–2010)
For 2003, General Motors released the third-generation Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC TopKick under the GMT560 architecture. As General Motors felt the two names had better marketplace recognition, the medium-duty truck line was released under the previous Kodiak/TopKick nameplates, with Cx500 as a secondary part of the nomenclature. Showcased as part of the redesign was a change in the design layout of the Kodiak/TopKick. To better compete with the better-selling International DuraStar and Freightliner Business Class M2 medium-duty truck ranges, the GMT560 trucks switched to a vertically-oriented cab configuration to allow for a lower cab floor, increased cab space, and better entry and exit. Derived from the Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana full-size van, the cab was produced in two-door and four-door configurations (as the commercial trucks had a GVWR of over 8500 pounds, they were produced without airbags).
During its production, the GMT560 was produced with few changes. With the exception of grilles, Kodiaks and TopKicks are nearly identical; depending on trim, versions are produced with either two or four headlights. Carried over from the previous generation, the GMT560 chassis was produced in Class 5-7 configurations, in C4500, C5500, C6500, and C7500 models. Effectively, a successor to the GMC Brigadier, a tandem-axle C8500 model was introduced (with up to a 46,000-lb GVWR).
On the GMT560 Kodiak/TopKick, the powertrain configuration was derived from the model specification. On C4500/C5500s, an 8.1L V8 was carried over from the previous generation, with a 6.6L Duramax V8 diesel replacing the Caterpillar 3116. Diesel engines were standard on C6500s and up, with the 7.8L Duramax LG4 inline-6 as standard, with a 7.2L Caterpillar C7 (a redesigned Caterpillar 3126) offered as an option.
GMT560 four-wheel drive
In 2005, GM added four-wheel drive as a factory-installed option on C4500/C5500 Kodiak/TopKicks. In a break from GM truck naming tradition, the models did not adopt the "K" nomenclature, becoming the C4500/5500 4x4 model line. In place of independent front suspension (used on the 3500-series pickup trucks), the GMT560 4x4s used a solid front axle suspension. Powered by a 6.6L Duramax V8, the 4x4 used a 5-speed Allison 2000 series in 2005-2006 (replaced by a 6-speed Allison 2350 automatic) with a New Process 273C transfer case. 5.13:1 was the only axle gear ratio offered for 4x4 versions.
For 2007, GM introduced a heavier-duty 9000 lb spring and brake option package for the Dana 70HD front axle; rear axles (Dana S14-110L) were available in four sizes: 11,000 lb, 13,500 lb, 15,000 lb, and 19,000 lb (the latter two were options on two-wheel drive configurations).
Isuzu H-Series
For 2003, Isuzu released a conventional-cab truck, named the Isuzu H-Series. Intended largely for vocational use, the Isuzu H-Series was marketed as a competitor for the Hino 600 and Freightliner M2. Based on the Kodiak/TopKick C6500/C7500, the H-Series differed solely in its grille design, sharing the 7.8L Duramax inline-six with the C6500/7500 and the Chevrolet/GMC T6500/7500 (based on the Isuzu Forward).
As of current production, the H-Series is the first (and only) conventional-cab truck sold by Isuzu.
Discontinuation and replacement
In December 2007, GM announced its intention to sell its medium-duty truck business, including the Kodiak and TopKick, to Navistar International. In August 2008, both GM and Navistar announced that their memorandum of understanding for the purchase had expired and was not renewed.
After four years of working with multiple potential buyers, including an anticipated five-year deal with Isuzu Motors announced late in January 2009 to take over the production line in Flint, Michigan, General Motors decided to wind down its medium-duty truck operations. Production of the Chevy Kodiak and GMC TopKick medium duty trucks in Flint ceased on July 31, 2009.
Chevrolet Silverado HD (2019-present)
At the 2018 Work Truck Show in Indianapolis, Indiana, General Motors launched a new line of medium-duty trucks for the 2019 model year. Developed in a joint venture with Navistar International, Chevrolet launched the Chevrolet Silverado 4500HD, 5500HD, and 6500HD (for Classes 4,5, and 6, respectively). In the joint venture, the trucks are assembled by Navistar in its Springfield, Ohio facility; Navistar also markets the model line as the International CV.
In a shift from previous generations of GM commercial trucks, the Silverado 4500HD/5500HD/6500HD is sold with no GMC counterpart. Alongside with its dual branding by Navistar, General Motors is changing the market position of GMC, shifting it away from commercial fleet sales and focusing towards its premium Denali model lines. In another break from tradition, the Kodiak name was retired, as the Silverado name was expanded to nearly the entire Chevrolet truck range, with the exception of the Colorado mid-size pickup, the Express van, and the Low Cab Forward (Isuzu Elf/NPR).
Sharing its cab with the K2XX-generation Silverado, the medium-duty Silverado was designed with a dedicated chassis with a forward-tilting hood; both 4x2 and 4x4 configurations are produced. As of current production, the model line is offered with a 350 hp 6.6L Duramax turbodiesel V8; the engine is paired with an Allison automatic transmission.
Variants
School bus
Following in the tradition of its medium-duty C/K predecessor, the second-generation Kodiak/TopKick was utilized by General Motors to supply the school bus industry throughout its production run. In an unusual move at the time, starting in 1992, GM offered the Kodiak/TopKick solely to a single body manufacturer, Blue Bird Corporation from 1992 to 2002. While the GM chassis was not offered to other manufacturers, Blue Bird offered other available combinations (Ford B700, International 3800, and the later Freightliner FS65) for an additional price. The pairing of manufacturer and chassis supplier would become common through the 1990s in school bus manufacturing, but after 2002, General Motors would become unable to remain a chassis supplier. The Kodiak/TopKick school bus chassis is also notable for being one of the last full-size school bus chassis powered by a gasoline engine.
Pickup conversion
A special Kodiak C4500 was introduced at the 2006 Chicago Auto Show. Aimed at the International RXT (also introduced there), pricing was set at $70,000. The two shared a number of similarities, such as the options included in their premium packages (a powerful audio system and DVD-based navigation system). In comparison, the C4500 had higher power (300 hp versus 230 hp) while the RXT had a higher towing capacity at ; the C4500 was a 4x4 like the larger International CXT.
A conversion of the commercial GMC TopKick called the Ultimate Class IV TopKick Pickup crew cab pickup truck was developed by General Motors and Monroe Truck Equipment (MTE). This special version featured an steel dually pickup box and tailgate with custom composite side panels and protective Rhino interior lining. This vehicle served as the alternate mode for the character Ironhide in the first three Transformers films.
Cadillac One
Since 2009, the United States Presidential State Car has become labeled "Cadillac One" (in line with Air Force One and Marine One). As a result of its massive size (though officially classified, it is estimated to weigh between 15,000–20,000 pounds), it is also nicknamed "The Beast". Corresponding to its operation by the Secret Service, many details about the vehicle are classified. While its chassis specifications were never officially revealed by Cadillac or the Secret Service, during its development, the vehicle was seen in testing alongside GMT560 GMC TopKicks.
In place of previous limousines, the highly armored vehicle was not based upon a production Cadillac model line, instead wearing a body developed specifically for its use as a state car; externally, the vehicle used various components from several Cadillac model lines.
In 2018, the second generation of "Cadillac One" limousines entered service, again using the medium-duty GMT560 diesel truck chassis. Differing from its predecessor primarily by its adoption of contemporary Cadillac design elements, it is again not derived from a specific model line.
External links
Car and Driver road tests for the C4500.
References
Kodiak
Pickup trucks
School bus chassis
Tractor units
1980s cars
1990s cars
2000s cars
Class 5 truck
Class 6 truck
Class 7 truck |
4027298 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C2-Dichloroethene | 1,2-Dichloroethene | 1,2-Dichloroethene, commonly called 1,2-dichloroethylene or 1,2-DCE, is the name for a pair of organochlorine compounds with the molecular formula CHCl. They are both colorless liquids with a sweet odor. It can exist as either of two geometric isomers, cis-1,2-dichloroethene or trans-1,2-dichloroethene, but is often used as a mixture of the two. They have modest solubility in water. These compounds have some applications as a degreasing solvent. In contrast to most cis-trans compounds, the Z isomer (cis) is more stable than the E isomer (trans) by 0.4 kcal/mol.
Production and use
cis-DCE, the Z isomer, is obtainable by the controlled chlorination of acetylene:
CH + Cl → CHCl
Industrially both isomers arise as byproducts of the production of vinyl chloride, which is produced on a vast scale. Unlike vinyl chloride, the 1,2-dichloroethylene isomers do not polymerize.
trans-DCE has applications including electronics cleaning, precision cleaning, and certain metal cleaning applications.
Reactions
Both isomers participate in Kumada coupling reactions. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene participates in cycloaddition reactions.
Safety
These compounds have "moderate oral toxicity to rats".
Environmental aspects
The dichloroethylene isomers occur in some polluted waters and soils. Significant attention has been paid to their further degradation, e.g. by iron particles.
See also
1,1-Dichloroethene
1,2-Dichloroethane, which is also often abbreviated as 1,2-DCA
References
External links
Organochlorides
Haloalkenes
Halogenated solvents |
4027302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Prentiss%20Inn | Mary Prentiss Inn | Prentiss House (formerly known as The Mary Prentiss Inn) has historic roots that reach as far back as 1843 and has transformed from a home on Prentiss Street to a Cambridge, Massachusetts inn.
In 1843 the home was built by architect William A. Saunders as a wedding gift to his son, William, and his wife, Mary Prentiss. The home was built in the Neo-classical design during the popular Greek revival of 19th century in the United States of America. The Saunders resided at the home for 55 years. The building is on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places as the William Saunders House.
The hotel had been a long-time home to the Saunderses and Taylor family, as well as a hostelry and nursing home. In December of 1991, a local artist, Charlotte Forsythe bought the home and began the journey of transforming the home into the Mary Prentiss Inn.
In 2021, BREC LLC, a Boston-based development company, purchased the inn to update the property and to improve the guest experience while maintaining the quaint and private nature of the former inn.
To this day, Prentiss House remains on the National Registry of Historic Places and is recognized as a landmark by the Cambridge Historical Commission.
Resources
Prentiss House
Historic Makeover/Prentiss House
Hotels in Massachusetts
Buildings and structures in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Hotels established in 1991
Houses completed in 1843
1843 establishments in Massachusetts
1991 establishments in Massachusetts |
4027304 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad%20Bratzke | Chad Bratzke | Chad Alan Bratzke (born September 15, 1971) is a former American football defensive end in the National Football League.
College career
Bratzke played college football at Eastern Kentucky University. As a freshman, he totaled 47 solo tackles, 6 sacks, and 2 fumble recoveries. His career stats included 253 tackles (150 solo), 27 sacks and six posted 87 tackles (57 solo), 11 sacks and two fumble recoveries as a senior. He was named Ohio Valley Conference Defensive Player-of-the-Year and Kodak All-America. He earned OVC All-Defense honors as a junior after totaling 71 tackles (36 solo), nine sacks and one fumble recovery.
Professional career
Bratzke played ten seasons in the NFL, five for the New York Giants and five for the Indianapolis Colts. He signed as unrestricted free agent from the Giants on March 1, 1999. He was originally drafted in the fifth round of the 1994 NFL Draft.
In 2002, Bratzke started 16 games for a defense that ranked seventh in the NFL in points allowed, eighth in overall defense. He started every contest for the third time in four years with the franchise (1999, 2000) and started all 63 appearances. He helped team establish a formidable pass rush with two sacks and five quarterback pressures in the first two games at Jacksonville and vs. Miami. Bratzke started the first eight games at RE, then started seven of the last eight games at LE. He had 70 tackles (49 solo), six sacks, 30 QB pressures, five fumbles forced, three batted passes, one pass defensed and one fumble recovered. He ranked second on the team in QB pressures, while tackles ranked seventh. He had stops in every contest with four or more tackles in 13 games and had six tackles, one sack and one forced fumble at Jacksonville. Bratzke forced one fumble and had one sack and four solo stops vs. Miami. He had one sack vs. Baltimore, and one sack and one forced fumble vs. Dallas. He made his first career start at defensive tackle and had six tackles, one sack, one forced fumble and two QB pressures at Cleveland as the team rallied with goal-line stand after overcoming 16-point deficit. He had six tackles (four solo) vs. NYG. He has totaled 45 of 53.5 career sacks since 1998. He has eleven career multiple-sack games. His 12 sacks in 1999 stands as one of seven double-digit individual sack seasons in franchise history (13.0, Dwight Freeney, 2002; 11.5, LB-Johnie Cooks, 1984; 11.0, LB-Vernon Maxwell, 1983; 10.0, DE-Jon Hand, 1989; 10.5, DE-Tony Bennett, 1995; 10.5, DE-Dan Footman, 1997). He had posted four straight seasons with 80+ tackles (80, 1998; 81, 1999; 93, 2000; 80, 2001) until having 70 in 2002. He has had two three-sack games with Colts (12/19/99 vs. Washington; 1/6/02 vs. Denver), one of nine Colts with a three-sack game since sacks became official in 1982, and it has been accomplished only 14 times during that span.
Personal
Bratzke and his family moved to Florida when he was seven, and while there he attended Bloomingdale High School in Valrico, Florida. He has made sizable donations to Eastern Kentucky University to build the Student Athlete Academic Success Center. He is currently heavily involved with CLF (Childhood Leukemia Foundation) and Joy’s House. He has made several appearances on Colts 2000 Care-A-Van tours.
See also
History of the New York Giants (1994-present)
1971 births
American football defensive ends
People from Valrico, Florida
Indianapolis Colts players
New York Giants players
Eastern Kentucky Colonels football players
Living people
Sportspeople from Hillsborough County, Florida
Ed Block Courage Award recipients |
4027312 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence%20Tieleman | Laurence Tieleman | Laurence Tieleman (born 14 November 1972) is a former tennis player from Italy.
Personal life
Tieleman has a Dutch father and an Italian mother, both working for the European Community. He began playing tennis at age seven and attended the Nick Bollettieri Tennis Academy in Bradenton, FL, United States from ages 13 to 17.
Tieleman resided in both Assisi and Brussels during his playing career.
Tennis career
Turning professional in 1993, he won one tour-level doubles title (Tashkent in 1998) and 3 Challenger events in singles during his career. Tieleman's best singles performance was finishing runner-up at Queen's in 1998. The right-hander reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 76 in April 1999.
ATP career finals
Singles: 1 (1 runner-up)
Doubles: 1 (1 title)
ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
Singles: 5 (3–2)
Doubles: 17 (7–10)
Performance timelines
Singles
Doubles
References
External links
1972 births
Living people
Italian male tennis players
Italian people of Dutch descent
People from Assisi
Sportspeople from Brussels
Sportspeople from the Province of Perugia
Belgian people of Italian descent |
4027320 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simrock | Simrock | Simrock may refer to the German sheet music publisher N. Simrock, or one of the following members of the Simrock family engaged in that business:
Nikolaus Simrock, (1751–1832), founder of N. Simrock
Karl Joseph Simrock (1802–1876), son of Nikolaus
Fritz Simrock (1837–1901), grandson of Nikolaus |
4027336 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C2-DCE | 1,2-DCE | 1,2-DCE may refer to:
1,2-Dichloroethane (EDC)
1,2-Dichloroethene |
4027344 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichloroethene | Dichloroethene | Dichloroethene or dichloroethylene, often abbreviated as DCE, can refer to any one of several isomeric forms of the organochloride with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2:
There are three isomers:
1,1-Dichloroethene
1,2-Dichloroethene (E and Z)
See also
Dichloroethane
Organochlorides
Haloalkenes |
4027353 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dkei%20%28sculptor%29 | Jōkei (sculptor) | was a Japanese sculptor of the Kei school, which flourished in the Kamakura period. Aside from his artwork, Jōkei left little record of his life, so sorting out the details of his biography is difficult. The fact that two men by that name were working in Nara in the 13th century only complicates matters.
Jōkei probably began his career as a disciple of Kōkei, the organizer of the Kei school of sculpture, or of Unkei. In fact, Jōkei may even have been Kōkei's son, though others call him the son of Unkei. In this capacity, he sculpted works for the reconstruction of the temples Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji in Nara.
Jōkei followed the lead of Unkei and others in the Kei school in his pursuit of realism. An early example of this is his Guardian King (Niō), carved sometime in the 1190s. The figure stands beside another by Unkei at the main gateway in front of the Kōfuku-ji. Jōkei's Niō is nude to the waist, exposing a tense musculature. The veins in the neck and head are engorged, only heightening the figure's expression of rage. The pose is action-ortiented, as if the king is in the midst of a fight.
The figures of Yuima (Sanskrit: Vimalakirti) and Monju (Sanskrit: Manjushri) in the East kōndō of Kōfuku-ji also show Jōkei's interpretation of the Kei aesthetic. The debate between these two men had been the subject of earlier Japanese sculpture, but Jōkei's depiction is different and subject to interpretation. Some see his Yuima as strong and healthy, while others view the figure as aged and ill in keeping with his description in the Vimalikirtinirdesha Sutra. The work also indicates that Jōkei was familiar with the Buddhist sculpture of Song China. His Yuima sits on a pedestal, which is decorated with an elaborately carved lion. The sculpture's high wooden backing, carved to look as if it is covered in cloth, is another Chinese element. An inscription inside the chest portion of the work says that Jōkei worked on it in 1196 for 53 days. It lists Kōen, possibly his son, as the artist who did the coloration.
Notes
References
Mason, Penelope (2005). History of Japanese Art. 2nd ed, rev. by Dinwiddie, Donald. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.
Noma, Seiroku (2003). The Arts of Japan: Ancient and Medieval. Kodansha International.
Paine, Robert Treat, and Soper, Alexander (1981). The Art and Architecture of Japan. 3rd ed. Penguin Books Ltd.
Japanese Buddhists
Japanese sculptors |
4027364 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20polygon | Generalized polygon | In mathematics, a generalized polygon is an incidence structure introduced by Jacques Tits in 1959. Generalized n-gons encompass as special cases projective planes (generalized triangles, n = 3) and generalized quadrangles (n = 4). Many generalized polygons arise from groups of Lie type, but there are also exotic ones that cannot be obtained in this way. Generalized polygons satisfying a technical condition known as the Moufang property have been completely classified by Tits and Weiss. Every generalized n-gon with n even is also a near polygon.
Definition
A generalized 2-gon (or a digon) is an incidence structure with at least 2 points and 2 lines where each point is incident to each line.
For a generalized n-gon is an incidence structure (), where is the set of points, is the set of lines and is the incidence relation, such that:
It is a partial linear space.
It has no ordinary m-gons as subgeometry for .
It has an ordinary n-gon as a subgeometry.
For any there exists a subgeometry () isomorphic to an ordinary n-gon such that .
An equivalent but sometimes simpler way to express these conditions is: consider the bipartite incidence graph with the vertex set and the edges connecting the incident pairs of points and lines.
The girth of the incidence graph is twice the diameter n of the incidence graph.
From this it should be clear that the incidence graphs of generalized polygons are Moore graphs.
A generalized polygon is of order (s,t) if:
all vertices of the incidence graph corresponding to the elements of have the same degree s + 1 for some natural number s; in other words, every line contains exactly s + 1 points,
all vertices of the incidence graph corresponding to the elements of have the same degree t + 1 for some natural number t; in other words, every point lies on exactly t + 1 lines.
We say a generalized polygon is thick if every point (line) is incident with at least three lines (points). All thick generalized polygons have an order.
The dual of a generalized n-gon (), is the incidence structure with notion of points and lines reversed and the incidence relation taken to be the converse relation of . It can easily be shown that this is again a generalized n-gon.
Examples
The incidence graph of a generalized digon is a complete bipartite graph Ks+1,t+1.
For any natural n ≥ 3, consider the boundary of the ordinary polygon with n sides. Declare the vertices of the polygon to be the points and the sides to be the lines, with set inclusion as the incidence relation. This results in a generalized n-gon with s = t = 1.
For each group of Lie type G of rank 2 there is an associated generalized n-gon X with n equal to 3, 4, 6 or 8 such that G acts transitively on the set of flags of X. In the finite case, for n=6, one obtains the Split Cayley hexagon of order (q, q) for G2(q) and the twisted triality hexagon of order (q3, q) for 3D4(q3), and for n=8, one obtains the Ree-Tits octagon of order (q, q2) for 2F4(q) with q = 22n+1. Up to duality, these are the only known thick finite generalized hexagons or octagons.
Restriction on parameters
Walter Feit and Graham Higman proved that finite generalized n-gons of order (s, t) with
s ≥ 2, t ≥ 2 can exist only for the following values of n:
2, 3, 4, 6 or 8. Another proof of the Feit-Higman result was given by Kilmoyer and Solomon.
Generalized "n"-gons for these values are referred to as generalized digons, triangles, quadrangles, hexagons and octagons.
When Feit-Higman theorem is combined with the Haemers-Roos inequalities, we get the following restrictions,
If n = 2, the incidence graph is a complete bipartite graph and thus "s", "t" can be arbitrary integers.
If n = 3, the structure is a finite projective plane, and s = t.
If n = 4, the structure is a finite generalized quadrangle, and t1/2 ≤ s ≤ t2.
If n = 6, then st is a square, and t1/3 ≤ s ≤ t3.
If n = 8, then 2st is a square, and t1/2 ≤ s ≤ t2.
If s or t is allowed to be 1 and the structure is not the ordinary n-gon then besides the values of n already listed, only n = 12 may be possible.
Every known finite generalized hexagon of order (s, t) for s, t > 1 has order
(q, q): the split Cayley hexagons and their duals,
(q3, q): the twisted triality hexagon, or
(q, q3): the dual twisted triality hexagon,
where q is a prime power.
Every known finite generalized octagon of order (s, t) for s, t > 1 has order
(q, q2): the Ree-Tits octagon or
(q2, q): the dual Ree-Tits octagon,
where q is an odd power of 2.
Semi-finite generalized polygons
If s and t are both infinite then generalized polygons exist for each n greater or equal to 2. It is unknown whether or not there exist generalized polygons with one of the parameters finite (and bigger than 1) while the other infinite (these cases are called semi-finite). Peter Cameron proved the non-existence of semi-finite generalized quadrangles with three points on each line, while Andries Brouwer and Bill Kantor independently proved the case of four points on each line. The non-existence result for five points on each line was proved by G. Cherlin using Model Theory. No such results are known without making any further assumptions for generalized hexagons or octagons, even for the smallest case of three points on each line.
Combinatorial applications
As noted before the incidence graphs of generalized polygons have important properties. For example, every generalized n-gon of order (s,s) is a (s+1,2n) cage. They are also related to expander graphs as they have nice expansion properties. Several classes of extremal expander graphs are obtained from generalized polygons. In Ramsey theory, graphs constructed using generalized polygons give us some of the best known constructive lower bounds on offdiagonal Ramsey numbers.
See also
Building (mathematics)
(B, N) pair
Ree group
Moufang polygon
Near polygon
References
.
.
.
.
.
.
Group theory
Incidence geometry |
4027396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Lyon%20%28highwayman%29 | George Lyon (highwayman) | George Lyon (1761–22 April 1815) was a highwayman in England.
Lyon was born in Upholland, Lancashire, to a poor family and was a career criminal.
Prior to arrest
George Lyon's one major feat as a highwayman was to hold up the Liverpool mail coach. With his accomplices, who have been unknown since, he planned the robbery at the Legs of Man public house in Wigan. They then persuaded the ostler at the Bull's Head Inn in Upholland to lend them horses for a few hours. They held up the Liverpool mail coach at nearby Tawd Vale on the River Tawd, firing two shots and forcing the driver to pull up so that they could rob the passengers. The gang then returned to the Bull's Head, and when the robbed coach later arrived at the inn, Lyon and his accomplices had an alibi as people had seen them in the pub earlier in the afternoon.
In addition to this robbery, Lyon was a habitual thief, and had been transported to one of the colonies for some years before returning to Upholland.
Local legend suggests Lyon was inept at highway robbery. It is said that he decided to hold up the coach taking the wages to a local coal mine but on the day of his intended crime it was pouring with rain. He stood out to stop the coach too early and the rain ruined the gunpowder in his pistol - the coach's driver, perhaps realising this, simply coaxed the horses into a run and soaked Lyon with muddy water as they flew past.
Arrest and execution
George Lyon was 54 when he was executed in Lancaster by hanging for robbery. Sentence was passed on Saturday 8 April 1815 along with two accomplices, Houghton and Bennett.
A fourth accomplice was Edward Ford, who had been working as a painter at Walmsley House, where the last robbery took place and for which Lyon and his accomplices were eventually indicted. Ford had suggested robbing the house to Lyon, and had himself taken part in some 17 previous robberies, but because he turned King's evidence he was spared the capital sentence. The execution of Lyon, Houghton, and Bennett, took place just before noon on Saturday 22 April 1815.
All capital sentences passed that day were commuted, except for the Upholland trio of Lyon, Houghton and Bennett, and two others, Moses Owen for horse stealing, and John Warburton for "highway robbery".
After his death Lyon's body was handed over to Simon Washington, landlord of The Old Dog Inn in Upholland, and a companion, for its return to Upholland for burial. Lyon had not wanted his body left at Lancaster as it would have been handed over to surgeons for dissection as was the normal procedure with the bodies of executed criminals. In a letter to his wife written on 14 April (with the aid of the prison chaplain, the Reverend Cowley), he implored her to arrange for his body to be returned home.
As the cart approached the final part of its journey, a huge crowd was observed moving off from Orrell Post near Upholland in the direction of Gathurst, to observe the return of Lyon's body. When word came through that the cortege was instead passing through nearby Wrightington and heading for the road through Appley Bridge instead, the crowd rushed across the fields from the Gathurst Bridge which still spans the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, to meet the cart at Dangerous Corner, and then followed it in procession through Appley Bridge, and up the climb through Roby Mill, until it eventually reached Parliament Street in Upholland, and the last few hundred yards to The Old Dog Inn, where Lyon's body was laid out in the landlady's best parlour overnight.
Hundreds of people gathered outside the pub the next day, and even climbed onto the roofs of adjoining buildings, to see the coffin as it was taken for burial to St. Thomas's churchyard in Upholland on Sunday 23 April 1815. George Lyon was buried in his daughter's grave (not, as is traditionally believed, that of his mother or grandmother), the inscription simply reads "Nanny Lyon, Died April 7th 1804". His name is not recorded on the stone.
1761 births
1815 deaths
People from Up Holland
English highwaymen
Executed people from Lancashire
People executed for robbery
19th-century executions by England and Wales
1815 crimes in the United Kingdom |
4027400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Holland%20%28sprinter%29 | Bill Holland (sprinter) | William Joseph Holland (March 3, 1874 in Boston, Massachusetts – November 20, 1930 in Malden, Massachusetts) was an American track and field athlete.
At the age of 26, Holland, a medical student at Georgetown University, won the silver medal in the men's 400-meter dash race at the 1900 Summer Olympics, in Paris, France, with a time of 49.6 seconds, just 2 tenth of a second behind Gold medal winner U.S. teammate Maxie Long.
Holland placed fourth in the 200-meter dash, winning his semifinal heat with a time of 24.0 seconds before finishing fourth of four in the hotly contested final, in which his estimated time of 22.9 seconds was identical to that of the bronze medalist Stan Rowley and 0.1 seconds slower than the second place man, Norman Pritchard. Holland also competed in the 60-meter dash event, placing third in his first-round heat and not advancing to the final.
References
External links
1874 births
1930 deaths
American male sprinters
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in track and field
Athletes (track and field) at the 1900 Summer Olympics
Georgetown University School of Medicine alumni
Medalists at the 1900 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Boston |
4027406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Bonch-Bruyevich | Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich | Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (; sometimes spelled Bonch-Bruevich; in Polish Boncz-Brujewicz; – 14 July 1955) was a Soviet politician, revolutionary, historian, writer and Old Bolshevik. He was Vladimir Lenin's personal secretary.
Early life
Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich, born in Moscow into the family of a land surveyor who came from the Mogilev province, belonged to the nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was a younger brother of the future Soviet military commander Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich. At the age of ten, he was sent to the in Moscow; where he studied in the school of land surveying. In 1889, he was arrested for taking part in a student demonstration, expelled from the Institute and banished to Kursk. He returned to Moscow in 1892, entered the and distributed illegal literature. From 1895 he was active in social-democratic circles. In 1896 he emigrated to Switzerland and organized shipments of Russian revolutionary literature and printing equipment. He became an active member of the staff of Iskra.
Researching dissenters and supporting Doukhobors
One of Bonch-Bruyevich's research interests were Russia's dissenting religious minorities ("sects"), which were usually persecuted to various extent by both the established Orthodox Church and the Tsarist government. He believed that Baptists and Flagellants were "transmission points" for revolutionary propaganda. During the 1917 revolutions, he is reputed to have played a crucial in neutralising the Cossack garrison in the capital, Petrograd, through his contacts in the New Israel and Old Israel sects. He also met Grigori Rasputin, but judged that he was an Orthodox Christian, not sectarian.
In the late 1890s, he collaborated with Vladimir Chertkov and Leo Tolstoy, in particular in arrangement of the Doukhobors' emigration to Canada in 1899. Bonch-Bruyevich sailed with the Doukhobors, and spent a year with them in Canada. During that time, he was able to record much of their orally transmitted tradition, in particular the Doukhobor "psalms" (hymns). He published them later (1909) as "The Doukhobor Book of Life" (, Zhivotnaya Kniga Dukhobortsev).
Political activism
When the RSDLP split in 1903 between the Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, and the Mensheviks, Bonch-Bruyevich was among the original Bolsheviks. He helped bring out the RSDLP newspaper Iskra while it was still under Lenin's control, and backed Lenin during 1904, when it appeared he might be losing control of the Bolsheviks to conciliators who wanted to heal the split. In December 1904, he helped organise Vpered, the first Bolshevik newspaper. According to Lenin's widow "Bonch-Bruyeich was in charge of the business side. He permanently beamed, concocted divers grandiose plans, and was always dashing around on printing-press matters." He also helped set up and run the party archive.
Bonch-Bruyevich returned to Russia early in 1905, and for a time worked illegally for the Bolsheviks in St. Petersburg, organising an underground storage of weapons. After the 1905 revolution, he was able to operate legally. In 1906, he organised the Bolsheviks' weekly newspaper Наша мысль (Nasha mysl - Our Beliefs or Our Idea), the journal Вестник жизни (Vestnik zhizni – Herald of Life), and several other publications. From 1907, he headed the Bolshevik publishing house, Жизнь и знание (Zhizn i znanie – Life and Knowledge). From 1912 he was a member of the editorial board of the newspaper Pravda. During this time he was repeatedly arrested, but did not serve a long prison sentence.
On the outbreak of the February Revolution, in 1917, Bonch-Bruyevich founded the newspaper Izvestya, and used it in April as a vehicle to defend Lenin's decision to return to Russia through Germany, despite the two countries being at war. He was dismissed from the staff by the Menshevik-controlled Petrograd Soviet in May for using it to disseminate Bolshevik propaganda. During June and July 1917, Bolshevik party meetings were held at his dacha, to avoid attention of the police. In August, the head of the provisional government, Alexander Kerensky, ordered his arrest, and he went into hiding. During the October Revolution, he was in charge of protecting the Bolshevik party headquarters in the Smolny Institute, in Petrograd.
Bonch-Bruyevich was head of administration for the Council of People's Commissars (equivalent to head of Lenin's private office) from November 1917 to October 1920. Between December 1917 and March 1918 he was the chairman of the Committee against Pogroms and in February – March 1918 a member of the Committee for the Revolutionary Defense of Petrograd. From 1918 he was the deputy chairman of the Board of Medical Colleges. In 1919 he was the chairman of the Committee for Construction of Sanitary Checkpoints at Railway Stations in Moscow and the Special Committee for Rehabilitation of Water Supply and Sanitation in Moscow. Between 1918–1919 he was the head of the publishing house of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) "Kommunist."
Bonch-Bruyevich took an active part in nationalization of the banks in preparation of the Soviet government moving to Moscow in March 1918. In 1918 as Managing Director of the Council of the People's Commissars, he endorsed setting in motion the Red Terror.
In 1918 he was elected a member of the Socialist Academy of Social Sciences. After Lenin's death, he did research and authored works on history of the revolutionary movement in Russia, history of religion and atheism, sectarianism, ethnography and literature. In the Soviet Union, Bonch-Bruyevich was best known as the author of a canonical Soviet book about Vladimir Lenin, whom Bonch-Bruyevich served as secretary in the years immediately following the Bolshevik revolution in 1917.
Following Lenin's death, Bonch-Bruevich was one of the key people involved in organising the funeral. He personally opposed the mummification of Lenin's body.
Between 1920 and 1929 he was the organizer and leader of a farm that supplied its products mostly to the leaders of the Communist party and the government.
Beginning in 1933, he was the director of the State Literary Museum in Moscow. Between 1946 and 1953 he was the director of the Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism, Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Leningrad.
Bonch-Bruyevich died on 14 July 1955. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
Bonch-Bruyevich's daughter, Yelena, married Leopold Averbakh. After her husband's arrest, she was sentenced to seven years in labour camps.
Awards
Order of Lenin
References
External links
The Committee to combat pogroms
1873 births
1955 deaths
Writers from Moscow
Old Bolsheviks
Academicians of the Soviet Union
Soviet Marxist historians
Soviet male writers
Soviet politicians
People of the Russian Empire of Polish descent
Soviet people of Polish descent
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Switzerland
Polish revolutionaries
Russian revolutionaries
Russian atheists
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery |
4027407 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Ogle | Robert Ogle | Robert Joseph Ogle (1928–1998), known as Bob Ogle, was a Canadian Roman Catholic priest, broadcaster, and member of the House of Commons.
Early life and career
Ogle was born on 24 December 1928 in Rosetown, Saskatchewan, to the native Quebecers Henry Ogle and Annie Brennan. Devout Irish Catholics, his parents had him baptized the next day, on Christmas Day. He grew up in poverty on farms in Saskatchewan and was an altar boy, an air cadet, and a boy scout in his youth.
Ogle studied at St. Peter's Seminary in London, Ontario, from 1946 to 1953 and was ordained to the priesthood in May 1953. After ordination, he became a parish priest in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, where he founded the Catholic Centre, and went on to be appointed rector of St. Pius X Seminary. He later received a Doctor of Canon Law degree from the University of Ottawa.
Political career and later life
Ogle was elected to the House of Commons as a New Democratic Party candidate for the Saskatchewan riding of Saskatoon East in the 1979 federal election. He defeated the incumbent Member of Parliament, Otto Lang, the federal Minister of Justice, who had held the riding since 1968. Ogle was re-elected in the 1980 election. He served as his party's critic for external affairs from 1981 to 1984. He did not stand again in 1984, following instructions from the Vatican, in conformity with the new Code of Canon Law.
He was the author of four books:
Faculties of Military Chaplains (1957),
When the Snake Bites the Sun (1977),
North- South Calling (1986), and
A Man of Letters (1990).
In 1989, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada for "his tireless efforts to foster Canada's understanding of her role in global progress". In 1995, he was awarded the Saskatchewan Order of Merit.
He died on 1 April 1998 in Saskatoon. The St. Pius X Seminary at the University of Saskatchewan was renamed Ogle Hall after his death.
References
Notes
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
Saskatchewan Order of Merit citation
Robert Ogle fonds - Library and Archives Canada
1928 births
1998 deaths
20th-century Canadian male writers
20th-century Canadian writers
20th-century Canadian Roman Catholic priests
Canadian people of Irish descent
Candidates in the 1979 Canadian federal election
Candidates in the 1980 Canadian federal election
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Saskatchewan
Members of the Saskatchewan Order of Merit
New Democratic Party MPs
Officers of the Order of Canada
People from Rosetown
Politicians from Saskatoon
Saskatchewan New Democratic Party politicians
University of Ottawa alumni
Writers from Saskatoon |
4027408 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Fountain | Chris Fountain | Christopher Ryan "Chris" Fountain (born 3 September 1987) is an English actor, music producer and DJ. He is known for his roles as Damian Jones in Emmerdale Justin Burton in Hollyoaks and as Tommy Duckworth in Coronation Street.
Early life
Fountain was born in the West Yorkshire city of Bradford on 3 September 1987.
Career
Fountain had minor roles in Blood Strangers (2002) and Bob and Rose (2001), and has appeared in the dramas Where the Heart Is (2002), The Royal (2003) and Burn It (2003).
Hollyoaks
He joined Hollyoaks in 2003 in the role of Justin Burton.
On 7 June 2006, Fountain injured himself on location whilst filming for Hollyoaks when he touched an electric fence.
In 2008 Fountain won the British Soap Award for Best Actor due to his role on Hollyoaks.
It was confirmed on 11 March 2009 that Fountain would be leaving Hollyoaks. He left on 3 June 2009 in a joint exit storyline alongside Jamie Lomas who plays Warren Fox.
Dancing on Ice
Fountain was a runner up in the third series of ITV show Dancing on Ice, in which he was partnered with skater Frankie Poultney. He also won the Dancing on Ice Tour 2008 with 24 wins and went home with the Dancing on Ice Tour Winners Trophy for winning the most shows. Second place went to Suzanne Shaw with eleven wins and third place went to Kyran Bracken with nine wins.
Post-Hollyoaks
On 30 January 2010, he appeared as a patient called Seb in Casualty. Fountain played the role of PC Paul Tait in the BBC drama Five Days in March 2010.
On 26 November 2010, it was announced that he would play the role of Tommy Duckworth in Coronation Street and made his first on-screen appearance in March 2011. Fountain made his final appearance on 13 October 2013, with his character having an off-screen exit on 23 October 2013.
In September 2016, he joined the touring cast of The Full Monty.
In July 2017, he joined the cast of new ITV drama Girlfriends in a supporting role. It aired in January 2018.
Other work
In February 2006, Fountain came in third in the BBC show Just the Two of Us, a singing competition in which celebrities are paired up with professional singers and are voted off, day by day. His singing partner was former S Club 7 member Jo O'Meara.
Fountain played the title role in the pantomime Aladdin at the Manchester Opera House over the Christmas/New Year period of 2009/2010. In 2010 he appeared in the new musical Departure Lounge for a short run at the Waterloo East Theatre in London.
Fountain appeared on All Star Family Fortunes on 14 April 2012. In December 2012, he took part in ITV game show Paddy's 2012 Show and Telly.
Personal life
Fountain was sacked from Coronation Street following a video of him rapping about rape under an alter ego called "The Phantom". Fountain apologised for the incident.
Fountain is a fan of Huddersfield Town AFC
Filmography
Television
Awards and nominations
2005
Nominated at British Soap Awards in category of 'Best Dramatic Performance from a Young Actor or Actress' for his role in Hollyoaks
2006
Winner at British Soap Awards in category of 'Best Storyline' for 'Justin and Becca's affair' in Hollyoaks, shared with Ali Bastian (Becca Dean)
Winner at The Pulse West Yorkshire Local Heroes Awards as Artistic Achievement of the Year
Nominated at British Soap Awards in category of 'Sexiest Male' for his role in Hollyoaks
Nominated at National Television Awards in category of 'Most Popular Actor' for his role in Hollyoaks
2007
Nominated at British Soap Awards in category of 'Best Actor' for his role in Hollyoaks
Nominated at British Soap Awards in category of 'Sexiest Actor' for his role in Hollyoaks
2008
Winner at British Soap Awards in category of 'Best Actor' for his role in Hollyoaks
Winner at British Soap Awards in category of 'Most Spectacular Scene of the Year' for 'Car Over Cliff', shared with Hannah Tointon (Katy Fox), Jamie Lomas (Warren Fox), Matt Littler (Max Cunningham) and Gemma Bissix (Clare Cunningham).
Nominated at British Soap Awards in category for 'Most Spectacular Scene of the Year' for 'Justin Run Over', shared with Hannah Tointon (Katy Fox)
2012
Nominated at National Television Awards for 'Best Newcomer' for his role in Coronation Street
Nominated at British Soap Awards for 'Sexiest Male', but lost out to Scott Maslen, who plays Jack Branning in the soap EastEnders.
In July 2012, Fountain made the shortlist for Best Actor on the TV choice awards. He was also up for Sexiest Male for the Inside Soap Awards.
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
English male soap opera actors
Male actors from Bradford |
4027423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20for%20Computer-Assisted%20Legal%20Instruction | Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction | The Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction, also known as CALI, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that does research and development in online legal education. CALI publishes over 1,200 interactive tutorials, free casebooks, and develops software for experiential learning. Over 90% of US law schools are members which provide students with unlimited and free access to these materials.
CALI was incorporated in 1982 in the state of Minnesota by the University of Minnesota Law School and Harvard Law School. The cost of membership to CALI is US$8,000 per year for US law schools; free for legal-aid organizations, library schools, state and county law librarians; and US$250 per year for law firms, paralegal programs, undergraduate departments, government agencies, individuals, and other organizations.
Services
CALI Lessons
CALI Lessons are interactive tutorials written by law faculty covering various law study material in 20–40 minute lessons.
CALIcon Conference
CALI's CALIcon is a two-day conference where faculty, law librarians, tech staff and educational technologists gather to share ideas, experiences and expertise. Exhibitors have included legal and education researchers as well as law companies.
CALI first hosted The Conference for Law School Computing in 1991 (then known as the Conference for Law School Computing Professionals) at Chicago-Kent. From 1991 to 1994 the conference was hosted at Chicago-Kent, and since 1995 the conference has been hosted on-site by various CALI member law schools.
References
External links
CALI's website
Legal research
Charities based in Minnesota
Legal education in the United States
Organizations established in 1982
Harvard Law School
1982 establishments in Minnesota |
4027434 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finbarr%20O%27Reilly | Finbarr O'Reilly | Finbarr O'Reilly (born 1971) is a Welsh-born Irish/Canadian independent photographer. He is a regular contributor to The New York Times.
O'Reilly won the 2019 World Press Photo First Place prize in the Portraits category, and also won the World Press Photo of the Year award of the 49th annual World Press Photo contest in 2006.
O'Reilly is co-author of the joint memoir with U.S. Marine Sgt. Thomas James Brennan, Shooting Ghosts (2017).
Early life and education
O'Reilly was born in Swansea in South Wales and raised in Dublin, Ireland until he moved with his family to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at the age of nine.
He attended high school at Vancouver College.
Life and work
After high school he became a Toronto-based arts correspondent for The Globe and Mail and then spent three years writing pop culture and entertainment pieces for the National Post.
He joined Reuters as a freelance correspondent based in Kinshasa, Congo in 2001 before moving to Kigali, Rwanda, where he became the Reuters Africa Great Lakes correspondent from 2003 to 2005.
In 2003 he co-produced The Ghosts of Lomako, a documentary about conservation in the Democratic Republic of Congo. In the same year he co-directed the documentary, The Digital Divide about technology in the developing world.
He turned to photography in 2005 and became the Reuters Chief Photographer for West and Central Africa, based in Dakar, Senegal from 2005 until 2012, when he took a sabbatical year off to study psychology as a Nieman Fellow at Harvard.
A color image by O'Reilly won World Press Photo of the Year 2005. The picture shows the emaciated fingers of a one-year-old child pressed against the lips of his mother at an emergency feeding clinic in Niger.
Upon returning to Reuters, he was posted to Tel Aviv as a Senior Photographer for Israel and the Palestinian Territories.
He is one of several journalists included in Under Fire: The Psychological Cost of Covering War, a documentary shortlisted for a 2012 Academy Award. The film won a 2013 Peabody Award.
As a 2012/13 Nieman Fellow at Harvard, O'Reilly spent an academic year researching psychology with a focus on conflict-induced trauma. He was a Ochberg Fellow at the DART center for Journalism and Trauma at Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism in New York in 2014; a Yale World Fellow in 2015; a MacDowell Colony Fellow in 2016; and a writer in residence at the Carey Institute for Global Good, also in 2016.
He covered the 2014 Gaza War from inside the Strip before leaving Reuters in 2015 to write Shooting Ghosts. Shooting Ghosts (2017) is a joint memoir with Sgt. Thomas James Brennan, a U.S. Marine who he had met during one of his assignments in Afghanistan. Their unlikely friendship helped heal them after war.
Awards
2006: World Press Photo of the Year 2005 award of the 49th annual World Press Photo contest
2019 World Press Photo First Place prize in the Portraits category
References
External links
O'Reilly's Website
"Fighting photographic cliches: Finbarr O'Reilly and gold in the Congo", The Telegraph
Canadian photographers
Canadian photojournalists
Living people
1971 births
People from Swansea
UBC Thunderbirds basketball players
University of British Columbia alumni
Welsh emigrants to Ireland
Irish emigrants to Canada
Canadian people of Welsh descent
Welsh photographers |
4027440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel%20Quarrington | Joel Quarrington | Joel Quarrington (born January 15, 1955) is a Canadian double bass player, soloist and teacher. He is the former Principal Double Bass of the London Symphony Orchestra.
Career
He was born in Toronto, Ontario, and began playing the double bass at the age of eleven in order to complete a bluegrass trio with his brothers, Paul Quarrington and Tony Quarrington. At the age of thirteen, he began to study with Thomas Monohan, who was at the time the principal bassist of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. After he received a degree in music from the University of Toronto, he went on to Austria and Italy to study under two renowned double bass pedagogues, respectively Ludwig Streicher and Franco Petracchi.
Quarrington has won numerous music competitions, including first prize in the CBC talent festival in 1976, and second prize in the Geneva International Competition in 1978 (first prize was not awarded that year). He played as principal bass with the Hamilton Philharmonic Orchestra between 1979 and 1988, and the Canadian Opera Company between 1989 and 1991, and then proceeded to become principal bass of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. Since September 2006, he has been the Principal Bass of the National Arts Centre Orchestra and he became Principal Bass of the London Symphony Orchestra in 2013.
Quarrington plays on a 1630 Giovanni Paolo Maggini double bass, and is well known for his unusual practice of tuning his bass in intervals of fifths, like a cello, but an octave lower.
His wife is cellist Carole Sirois who has played in the Montreal Symphony Orchestra, the Toronto Symphony and the National Arts Centre Orchestra and is presently a professor at the Conservatoire de Musique in Montreal.
Joel Quarrington teaches at the University of Ottawa and is a Visiting Artist at the Royal Academy of Music in London. Throughout his career, Quarrington has been active in commissioning new works for Double Bass. A notable commission in 1997 was for Raymond Luedeke's Concerto for Double Bass and Orchestra.
References
External links
Joel Quarrington website
1955 births
Classical double-bassists
Living people
Juno Award for Classical Album of the Year – Solo or Chamber Ensemble winners
Male double-bassists
20th-century Canadian double-bassists
21st-century Canadian double-bassists
20th-century Canadian male musicians
21st-century Canadian male musicians
Musicians from Toronto |
4027455 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borough%20%28Pennsylvania%29 | Borough (Pennsylvania) | In the U.S. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas. Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Description
All municipalities in Pennsylvania are classified as either cities, boroughs, or townships. The only exception is the town of Bloomsburg, recognized by the state government as the only incorporated town in Pennsylvania.
Boroughs tend to have more developed business districts and concentrations of public and commercial office buildings, including court houses. Boroughs are larger, less spacious, and more developed than the relatively rural townships, which often have the greater territory and even surround boroughs of a related or even the same name.
There are 956 boroughs and 56 cities in Pennsylvania. Many home rule municipalities remain classified as boroughs or townships for certain purposes even if the state's Borough and Township Codes no longer apply to them.
See also
Borough (United States)
List of towns and boroughs in Pennsylvania
References
Self-governance
Local government in Pennsylvania |
4027473 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk%20River%20Railroad | Elk River Railroad | The Elk River Railroad was a short line that runs for between Gilmer and Gassaway, West Virginia and has existed since July 1989, although it was originally built in the late 19th century and was once part of the Coal and Coke Railway that ran from Charleston to Elkins, and later the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The railroad originally consisted of more trackage south of Gassaway, but this track quickly became unusable and remained in a severe state of neglect. There were two different rail lines in this section of track, the ex-B&O Elk Subdivision, from Gassaway to Dundon, which was ripped up in December 2020, and a section of the former Buffalo Creek and Gauley Railroad, which was sold to the West Virginia Rail Authority in November 2020. The Elk Sub was purchased from CSX by Bill Bright in 1989, and if he had not stepped in, this section of railroad would have most certainly been abandoned.
In the 1990s, the railroad seemed to have a very high promise of profitability. Bill Bright, the owner of the railroad, invested a considerable amount of money to rehabilitate over 100 miles of ex-B&O track, and 3 miles of ex-BC&G track to Class-II standards, with max speeds of 15 miles per hour. There was a steady stream of coal coming from a mining loadout on the old BC&G, and talk of potential expansion to other mines, other business shipped by rail, and connections to Conrail. Unfortunately, all of this changed in 1999, when the line's single source of traffic, the mine loadout in Avoca, ceased operations, due to the customer American Electric Power (AEP) deeming the quality of coal produced there to be "too poor", effectively destroying the line's only source of traffic.
Today, there is certainly still potential for shipment of coal from Clay County, but there has been no talk of this since the shutdown in Avoca. If another source of traffic is found, trains would most likely run again, as the entire line is still under the ownership of ELKR and Bill Bright. Today, the only source of traffic for the ELKR is car repair and storage, in the small yard in Gassaway.
Currently, the railroad rosters secondhand "Geep" locomotives; GP10s, #1-2, GP8 #3, and GP9s #4-5, although, according to employees of the railroad, not every locomotive is operational. As of about 2020 Jim Smith is in charge of the Car Repair Crew in the Gassaway Rail Yard.
On November 14, 2020, the West Virginia Rail Authority filed with the Surface Transportation Board to acquire and operate 18 miles of former Buffalo Creek & Gauley trackage between Wilden and Dundon, West Virginia. The WVRA plans to operate the line as a Class III common carrier after December 14, 2020. The line suffered a significant washout in 2016, and has not seen a train since 1999. In December 2020, the ELKR began the process of ripping up the line south of Gassaway.
The February 2021 issue of Railpace magazine (page 20) stated that the announcement in the Federal Register is misleading and clarified that the West Virginia State Rail Authority did not take over the entire Elk River Railroad, but rather that it acquired the 18 miles of abandoned and flood-damaged track of the former Buffalo Creek and Gauley Railroad, a branch of the Elk River Railroad. According to the article, "Clay County residents formed a non-profit, the Clay County Business Development Authority, and began to work with the State of West Virginia to buy the right-of-way of the former BC&G. The organization procured rail bikes from RailRiders of Leadville, Colorado, as well as a small fleet of track speeders and open-air passenger trailers to be pulled by the speeders. After restoring and re-laying six miles of flood-damaged tack, the group began offering motorized and pedal-powered rail excursions along Buffalo Creek from a base next to the Bardley Campground and Lodge. The authority has also received a grant to rehabilitate 15 miles of BC&G trackage, and has plans to eventually acquire a rail bus.
After more than 20 years of storing cars and carrying out occasional car repairs the Elk River Railroad finally called it quits. Operations were formally suspended over the winter of 2022 and much of the Gassaway Yard trackage is currently being dismantled. It will only be a matter of time before the remaining segment of the old Coal & Coke between Gassaway and Gilmer is formally abandoned and converted into a trail.
References
External links
www.wvrail.railfan.net info
B&O ROW Part III-Dundon to Gassaway
Elk River Railroad
West Virginia railroads
Spin-offs of CSX Transportation
Companies operating former Baltimore and Ohio Railroad lines
Transportation in Braxton County, West Virginia
1989 establishments in West Virginia
Transportation in Gilmer County, West Virginia |
4027507 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V.%20E.%20Walker | V. E. Walker | Vyell Edward Walker (20 April 1837 – 3 January 1906) was an English cricketer and administrator.
Teddy Walker was born in Southgate, Middlesex and educated at Harrow School. He was the fifth of seven cricket playing brothers who resided at Arnos Grove. They played a major part in establishing the Middlesex County Cricket Club, which was founded in 1864. Their cricket ground in Southgate is maintained by the Walker Trust to this day.
Walker was a right-handed batsman and an underarm slow right arm bowler who represented Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) (1856–1870), a Middlesex XI (1859–1863) and Middlesex County Cricket Club (1864–1877).
In 1859 for an All-England Eleven against Surrey County Cricket Club at The Oval he scored 20 not out, then took all 10 of the Surrey wickets (for 74 runs). In the second innings he scored 108 not out and took another 4 wickets. This was in a season where only 2 other centuries were scored in first-class matches. He also took 10 for 104 for Middlesex against Lancashire in 1865.
A fine driving bat and perhaps the leading lob bowler of his day as well as a great captain of Middlesex and the Gentlemen.
He captained the county club (1864–1872) and also served as President of the Marylebone Cricket Club (1891–1892) and of Middlesex County Cricket Club (1899–1906). He died at Arnos Grove, aged 68.
See also
Middlesex County Cricket Club
The Walkers of Southgate
References
External links
Cricinfo
Cricket Archive
Middlesex County Cricket Club Official website
Cricinfo page on V.E. Walker
1837 births
1906 deaths
People educated at Harrow School
English cricketers
Presidents of Middlesex County Cricket Club
Presidents of the Marylebone Cricket Club
Middlesex cricket captains
People from Southgate, London
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Gentlemen cricketers
Gentlemen of the South cricketers
North v South cricketers
Surrey Club cricketers
Southgate cricketers
Cricketers who have taken ten wickets in an innings
Gentlemen of England cricketers
Edward
Cricketers from Greater London
Gentlemen of Middlesex cricketers
Middlesex cricketers
R. D. Walker's XI cricketers
North of the Thames v South of the Thames cricketers |
4027512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah%20Academy%20of%20Bergen%20County | Torah Academy of Bergen County | Torah Academy of Bergen County (commonly referred to as TABC) is a four-year yeshiva high school located in Teaneck, in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The school utilizes a split-schedule day offering both Jewish studies and college preparatory secular courses. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 2005.
TABC is run by Rabbi Shlomo Stochel, Head of School; the Rosh HaYeshiva, Rabbi Yosef Adler; and Audel Miriam Hecht, dean of academics. Rabbi Michael Hoenig is the Mashgiach Ruchani (religious life guidance counselor).
As of the 2019–20 school year, the school had an enrollment of 327 students and 47.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 6.9:1. The school's student body was 100% White.
Academic programs
Various Advanced Placement (AP) courses are offered primarily to juniors and seniors, such as AP Biology, AP Calculus, AP English Language and Composition, AP English Literature and Composition, AP Physics, AP Psychology, AP Statistics, and AP United States History.
The building hosts a second school called the SINAI Special Needs Institute. The program serves children of below to above average intelligence with different degrees of learning disability and a wide variety of behavioral characteristics, whose needs could not be addressed by traditional Jewish day school programs and curricula. The students have separate administrators and teachers from TABC, though they share some classrooms.
Extracurricular activities
TABC has a number of extracurricular activities, some that do well even on the international level. The school's Mock trial team was the 2005 New Jersey State Champions and received press coverage both in the Tri-State Region as well as overseas for its efforts to gain accommodations to participate in the National High School Mock Trial Championship in Charlotte, North Carolina without being required to compete during the Jewish Sabbath.
The school has an International Bible Contest (Chidon HaTanach) team which is coached by Rabbi Neil Winkler. In 2017, junior Shlomi Helfgot placed 4th in the world in the international competition which takes place in Jerusalem on Yom HaAtzma'ut.
The school also has a notable Science Olympiad Team, having won the Yeshiva League for the past 6 years, as well as College Bowl, with Junior Varsity having been undefeated since 2014.
Athletics
TABC has various sports teams, including baseball, softball, basketball, hockey and wrestling and others.
In an effort to build inter-community relationships in Teaneck, former Torah Academy athletic director Bobby Kaplan and then assistant principal Rabbi Tzvi Grumet, arranged for the TABC Storm to play a pair of exhibition basketball games in 2000 against the Knights of the Al-Ghazaly High School, a Muslim high school in the township.
The varsity hockey team has won the MYHSAL championship five times (1997–1998, 2006–2007, 2007–2008, 2012-2013 and 2015–2016). The JV team has won the MYHSAL championship a record eight times (1997–1998, 2002–2003, 2008–2009, 2009–2010, 2010–2011, 2011–2012, 2012–2013, 2013–2014, and 2017–2018). TABC is known as a hockey powerhouse and both teams have made the championship consistently.
TABC's wrestling team had placed 3rd in the Wittenberg Championships from 2007 to 2010. In 2009, TABC had six finalists and two champions. In 2010, TABC had three champions - Navid Ahdoot (112 lbs), Evan Friedlander (171 lbs) and Dovid Greenfield (285 lbs) - as well as several second and third place wrestlers. In 2011 TABC placed second overall with three first-place winners including Shimmy Auman, Evan Friedlander, Dovid Greenfield. In 2013, TABC won Wittenberg with three champions, and eleven total placers. TABC wrestlers Efraim Ellman, Dovid Greenfield, Navid Ahdoot, Ramin Ahdoot and Lior Shachar have been inducted into the Wittenberg Hall of Fame. TABC Wrestling has also continued to place well at Wittenberg even fielding smaller teams. They have wrestled at the Brick Memorial Tournament, The Randolph Wrestling Tournament, The North Bergen Wrestling Tournament, and more. 2016-2017 saw another individual first-place finish from Ben Antosofsky 19' (126 lbs), as well as more high placements. In 2017-2018 Dovid Meiseles took home 1st, with a myriad of 2nd - 5th-place finishes backing him up.
The TABC track team was undefeated in 2014–2015, 2015-2016, and 2016–2017. The team is coached by alumnus Shmuel Knoller ('13). Notably, Zachary Greenberg came in 3rd place in his age group in the Jerusalem Marathon in 2016.
The school also has both a varsity and junior varsity basketball team coached by former St. John's assistant Coach Oswald Cross.
The Yeshiva University Red Sarachek basketball tournament plays some of its games in the TABC gym, for which they received an award in 2004. TABC also participated in Sarachek in 2012, entering the tournament as the 13th seed and finishing ranked #12 overall. In 2016, TABC again participated in the tournament, entering as the #9 seed. In the first round, TABC defeated the Rabbi Alexander S. Gross Hebrew Academy Warriors on a last second shot, but were defeated in the second round by eventual-champion DRS Wildcats 34–31.
Controversies
Homophobia
In 2015, TABC student Akiva Hirsch wrote an article in Eye of The Storm speaking out against the "overbearing homophobia in this school." TABC did not issue a response to this article. Hirsch later left the school.
References
External links
Torah Academy of Bergen County
Kol Torah
Israel Report
1982 establishments in New Jersey
Boys' schools in New Jersey
Educational institutions established in 1982
Jewish day schools in New Jersey
Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools
Modern Orthodox Jewish day schools in the United States
Modern Orthodox Judaism in New Jersey
Private high schools in Bergen County, New Jersey
Teaneck, New Jersey
Orthodox yeshivas in New Jersey |
4027521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuroda | Kuroda | Kuroda (written: lit. "black ricefield") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
, Japanese painter
Akinobu Kuroda 黒田 明伸, Japanese historian
Chris Kuroda, lighting designer and operator for the band Phish and Justin Bieber, among others
Emily Kuroda (born 1952), American actress
, Japanese actress
, governor of Bank of Japan and former president of Asian Development Bank
, Japanese-born English actress
, Japanese baseball player
, pen name of a Japanese manga artist
, Japanese painter
, Japanese far-left philosopher and social theorist
, famed strategist under Toyotomi Hideyoshi
, Samurai, son of Kuroda Kanbei
, Japanese politician and second Prime Minister of Japan
, Japanese haiku poet
, Japanese ornithologist
, Japanese writer
Paul Kuroda, (1917-2001), Japanese-American nuclear scientist
Robert T. Kuroda (1922–1944), American soldier Medal of Honor recipient
, linguist, inventor of the Kuroda normal form
, child of Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko of Japan
, Japanese general
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese woodworker and lacquerware artist
, Japanese professional wrestler
, Japanese malacologist
, Japanese anime screenwriter
Fictional characters
, a character in the visual novel School Days
Japanese-language surnames |
4027526 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome%20magnifier | Dome magnifier | A dome magnifier is a dome-shaped magnifying device made of glass or acrylic plastic, used to enlarge words on a page or computer screen. They are plano-convex lenses: the flat (planar) surface is placed on the object to be magnified, and the convex (dome) surface provides the enlargement. They usually provide between 1.8× and 6× magnification. Dome magnifiers are often used by the visually impaired. They are good for reading maps or basic text and their inherent 180° design naturally amplifies illumination from ambient side-light. They are suitable for people with tremors or impaired motor skills, because they are held in contact with the page during use.
See also
Reading stone
References
Magnifiers
Magnifier, dome |
4027530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marceau%20Pivert | Marceau Pivert | Marceau Pivert (2 October 1895, Montmachoux, Seine-et-Marne – 3 June 1958, Paris) was a French schoolteacher, trade unionist, socialist militant, and journalist. He was an alumnus of the École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud.
SFIO
Active in the Syndicat National des Instituteurs (SNI), a staunch supporter of laïcité and a pacifist after service in World War I, Pivert joined the faction of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) led by Léon Blum, which opposed affiliation to the Comintern in 1920, as opposed to the new French Communist Party (PCF).
In the early 1930s, Pivert organised the most left-wing members of the SFIO in his Gauche Révolutionnaire ("Revolutionary Left") tendency of which Daniel Guérin was a member. The tendency opened itself to Trotskyism, initiating entryism as a tactic for the latter.
In 1936, when Blum formed the Popular Front government, he was pressured by Pivert to reject capitalism. With spontaneous strikes occurring around the country, Blum refused to allow for revolutionary conditions to arise. Pivert then wrote his best-known article, published on 27 May, headlined Tout est possible! ("Everything Is Possible"), alluding to a social revolution (but never to a socialist one). However, he was opposed by the communist press organ L'Humanité (the PCF was a backer of the Blum government). The communist editorial read: Non! Tout n'est pas possible! ("No! Everything Is Not Possible!"). In consequence, Pivert cut his links with the government, writing to Blum, "I will not accept capitulation in front of Capitalism and the banks".
Workers and Peasants' Socialist Party
The Gauche révolutionnaire left the SFIO to establish the Workers and Peasants' Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste Ouvrier et Paysan or PSOP), awkwardly between socialists and Stalinism. In fact, its ideology fluctuated from Marxist orthodoxy to a radical version of reformism. The PSOP was part of the International Revolutionary Marxist Centre. In 1940, it was outlawed after the fall of France to Nazi Germany, on orders of Vichy French leader Philippe Pétain.
Pivert exiled himself to Mexico and supported the French Resistance. Back in France after World War II, he saw the PSOP divided between some, who joined the PCF, and others, like him, who joined the SFIO.
Return to SFIO
He became more moderate inside the SFIO, and his audience was curtailed. Pivert was regularly elected to the party leadership but was for Algeria's independence and against the European Defence Community, both against the line taken by the majority of the party. He rebelled against the party further after taking part in a delegation that visited the Soviet Union and so was voted out of his position in the party leadership. According to some, Pivert would have joined the new Parti Socialiste Autonome (PSA) created by Édouard Depreux and Alain Savary, but he died before the new party split from the SFIO. However, most of his followers in the SFIO entered the PSA later in 1958.
References
External links
(en) Marceau Pivert Archive on the Marxists Internet Archive
(fr) Pivert on La Bataille Socialiste
1895 births
1958 deaths
People from Seine-et-Marne
French Section of the Workers' International politicians
French Socialist Party (1919) politicians
Workers and Peasants' Socialist Party politicians
French trade unionists
ENS Fontenay-Saint-Cloud-Lyon alumni
French military personnel of World War I
Members of the Executive of the Labour and Socialist International
French male writers
Anti-Stalinist left
20th-century French journalists |
4027545 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Prentice | John Prentice | John Prentice may refer to:
John Prentice (businessman), chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Council
John Prentice (cartoonist)
John Prentice (footballer, born 1898)
John Prentice (footballer, born 1926)
John Rockefeller Prentice (1902-1972), lawyer
John Prentice, fictional character played by Sidney Poitier in the 1967 film Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
See also
John Prentis, mayor of Williamsburg, Virginia
John Holmes Prentiss, U.S. Representative |
4027558 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mifune | Mifune | Mifune () is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Toshirō Mifune (三船 敏郎) (1920–1997), Japanese actor who appeared in almost 170 feature films
Jiro Mifune (born 1972), game designer
Mifune Chizuko (御船千鶴子) (1886–1911), female clairvoyant
Mika Mifune (三船美佳) (born 1982), actress
Kyuzo Mifune (三船久蔵) (1883–1965), judoka
Fictional characters:
Captain Mifune, a character from The Matrix Revolutions
Mifune (Soul Eater), a character in the manga and anime Soul Eater
Admiral Mifune, a character from the anime The Irresponsible Captain Tylor
Go Mifune, main character in the anime series Speed Racer
Lord Mifune, a feudal ruler in Usagi Yojimbo
General Mifune, a Samurai general in Naruto
See also
Mifune, Kumamoto (御船町; -machi), town in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto, Japan
Mifune's Last Song, a Dogme 95 film by Søren Kragh-Jacobsen
Japanese-language surnames |
4027561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgive%20Me%20My%20Love | Forgive Me My Love | Forgive Me My Love (Russian: Прости Меня Моя Любовь) is Russian singer Zemfira's second album. It features the hit singles "Forgive Me My Love" and "You Want?". It further popularized her recognizable pop-rock sound. It became the best-selling Zemfira album with more than 1,500,000 copies sold.
Track listing
"Шкалят Датчики" (Clipping Gauges)
"ZERO"
"Созрела" (Ripened)
"Хочешь?" (Do You Want?)
"Рассветы" (Dawns)
"Город" (City)
"Ненавижу" ([I] Hate)
"Сигареты" (Cigarettes)
"Доказано" (Proven)
"Прости Меня Моя Любовь" (Forgive Me My Love)
"Искала" ([I've] Searched)
"Не Отпускай" (Do Not Let Go)
"London" (bonus track)
Personnel
Zemfira - Vocals, Lyrics, Acoustic Guitar
Sergei Cozinov - Drums
Vadim Solov'ev - Guitar
Rinat Akhmadiev - Bass
Sergei Miroliubov - Keyboard, Percussion
2000 albums
Zemfira albums |
4027563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%20Standard | Jewish Standard | The Jewish Standard is a newspaper based in Teaneck, New Jersey, USA, that primarily serves the Jewish community in Bergen County and Northeastern New Jersey. The Jewish Standard was founded in 1931, and is the oldest Jewish weekly in New Jersey. It has partnered with the online newspaper Times of Israel and is hosted by the latter's website platform.
Unaffiliated with any program, organization, or movement, it states it is dedicated to giving expression to all phases of Jewish life. The Jewish Standard is independently owned, and says it is committed to "Jewish continuity and to Israel and America's well-being that have made both countries blessed."
Expansion
In 1984, the company took over publishing of the Jewish Community News, the Jewish newspaper of Passaic County. In 1991, the company began publishing the Rockland Jewish Reporter as the official publication of The Jewish Federation of Rockland County. In 2002, the company began publishing About Our Children, a source for information for Jewish families.
The papers have won numerous awards from the American Jewish Press Association, the North Jersey Press Club, the Society of Professional Journalists and from Parenting Publications of America.
See also
List of Jewish newspapers in the United States
The Hebrew Standard
References
External links
Official website
Jewish newspapers published in the United States
Jews and Judaism in New Jersey
Newspapers published in New Jersey
Publications established in 1931
Weekly newspapers published in the United States
Teaneck, New Jersey
1931 establishments in New Jersey |
4027566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20de%20Billy | Jacques de Billy | For the English patristic scholar and Benedictine abbot, see Jacques de Billy (abbot) (1535–1581).
Jacques de Billy (March 18, 1602 – January 14, 1679) was a French Jesuit mathematician. Born in Compiègne, he subsequently entered the Society of Jesus. From 1629 to 1630, Billy taught mathematics at the Jesuit College at Pont-à-Mousson. He was still studying theology at this time. From 1631 to 1633, Billy taught mathematics at the Jesuit college at Rheims. From 1665 to 1668 he was professor of mathematics at the Jesuit college at Dijon. One of his pupils there was Jacques Ozanam. Billy also taught in Grenoble. He also served as rector of a number of Jesuit Colleges in Châlons-en-Champagne, Langres and in Sens.
The mathematician Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, who had been a pupil of Billy's at Rheims, became a close friend. Billy maintained a correspondence with the mathematician Pierre de Fermat.
Work and legacy
Billy produced a number of results in number theory which have been named after him. Bachet introduced Billy to indeterminate analysis. Billy's mathematical works include Diophantus Redivivus.
In the field of astronomy, he published several astronomical tables. First published in Dijon by Pierre Palliot in 1656, Billy's tables of eclipses is called Tabulae Lodoicaeae seu universa eclipseon doctrina tabulis, praeceptis ac demonstrationibus explicata. Adiectus est calculus, aliquot eclipseon solis & lunae, quae proxime per totam Europam videbuntur. The tables were calculated for the years 1656 to 1693. This work also contains solar and lunar tables based on the Paris meridian. It also includes a detailed examination of problems involved in astronomical calculations.
Billy was one of the first scientists to reject the role of astrology in science. He also rejected old notions about the malevolent influence of comets.
He died at Dijon.
The crater Billy on the Moon is named after him.
See also
List of Jesuit scientists
List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics
References
Moon Watch
Polybiblio
Further reading
1602 births
1679 deaths
17th-century French Jesuits
17th-century French mathematicians
Catholic clergy scientists
Jesuit scientists
Number theorists |
4027567 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo%20Burmester | Leo Burmester | Bernard Leo Burmester (February 1, 1945 – June 28, 2007) was an American actor. Burmester worked for director John Sayles several times, including in Passion Fish (1992) and Lone Star (1996), and also for directors such as John Schlesinger and Sidney Lumet, and as the Apostle Nathaniel in Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ (1988). He also starred in the CBS sitcom Flo as Randy Stumphill, the mechanic who frequented the bar.
Life and career
Burmester was born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, and studied at Western Kentucky University as a biology major before switching to drama. He worked summer stock at Shawnee Summer Theatre of Greene County, Indiana. After receiving an MFA from the University of Denver, he taught college for a year before becoming a working actor.
Burmester appeared with the Actors Theatre of Louisville, originating roles in the plays Getting Out and Lone Star, and eventually recreating them in his Off-Broadway and Broadway debuts, respectively. He made his feature film debut in a big budget project with Cruising (1980), and had a featured role as the mortuary director in Honky Tonk Freeway (1981). Burmester played one of the FBI agents hounding the faux Rosenberg couple in Daniel (1983). In 1986 he played the booming villain General D. in Broadway's Raggedy Ann: The Musical Adventure. He played the role of Thénardier in the Original Broadway production of Les Misérables and the Police Sergeant in Harry Connick, Jr.'s musical Thou Shalt not.
He played Holly Hunter's character's father in the prologue of Broadcast News (1987), and the bum in front of The Plaza in Big Business (1988). Roles started to get larger with James Cameron's The Abyss (1989), as Catfish DeVries, decompression expert.
Although he was thought to have died of leukemia, his death was caused by a tick bite that was complicated by his compromised immune system. He died at age 62 on June 28, 2007. His ashes were scattered in Kentucky.
Filmography
Cruising (1980) – Water Sport
Honky Tonk Freeway (1981) – Mortuary Director
Daniel (1983) – FBI Agent #1
The House of God (1984) – Dr. Gath
Odd Jobs (1986) – Wylie D. Daiken
Sweet Liberty (1986) – Hank
Broadcast News (1987) – Jane's Dad
Big Business (1988) – Bum
The Last Temptation of Christ (1988) – Nathaniel, Apostle
The Abyss (1989) – 'Catfish' De Vries
Article 99 (1992) – 'Shooter' Polaski
Passion Fish (1992) – Reeves
Innocent Blood (1992) – Dave Flinton
(1992) – Rickey Tick
A Perfect World (1993) - Deputy Tom Adler
The Neon Bible (1995) – Bobbie Lee Taylor
Lone Star (1996) – Cody
The Devil's Advocate (1997) – Florida Prosecutor
Switchback (1997) – Clyde 'Shorty' Callahan
The Secret of Mulan (1998) – (voice)
River Red (1998) – Judge Perkins
The Farmhouse (1998) – Dallas Miller
Getting to Know You (1999) – Lamar Pike, Sr.
Saturn (1999) – Dad
Limbo (1999) – Harmon King
Dumbarton Bridge (1999) – Jack
The End of the Bar (2002) – Boxing Trainer
City by the Sea (2002) – Lieutenant Katt
Out of These Rooms (2002) – Kit's Dad
Gangs of New York (2002) – Telegraph Operator No. 1 (voice)
The Red Betsy (2003) – Emmet Rounds
America Brown (2004) – Bo Williams
Patch (2005) – Mr. Moynahan
The Legend of Zorro (2005) – Colonel Beauregard
Aftermath (2013) – Sheriff (final film role)
Broadway appearances
The Fantasticks (2006) – Hucklebee
Lone Star (1979)
Big River (1985)
Raggedy Ann (1986)
Les Misérables (1987) – Thenardier
Buried Child (1996)
Ah, Wilderness (1998)
The Civil War (1999)
Thou Shalt Not (2001) – The Police Officer
Urban Cowboy (2003)
TV appearances
Partial list
Rattlesnake In A Cooler (1982) - The doctor/prisoner
Young Riders,episode The Initiation
Walker, Texas Ranger – "An Innocent Man" (1993) – Woodrow Jonathan Wilton
Alex Haley's Queen (1993) – Henderson
Law & Order – "Snatched" (1994) – Lester Hastings
Law & Order – "Charm City: Part 1" (1996) – Mr. Le Clair
Shake, Rattle and Roll: An American Love Story (1999) – Corby Judd (Part 1)
Law & Order: Criminal Intent – "The Third Horseman" (2002) – Lorne Cutler
Law & Order – "Patriot" (2002) – Lester Hastings
Carry Me Home – "Grizzle" (2004) – Grizzle
References
External links
1945 births
2007 deaths
American male film actors
American male stage actors
American male television actors
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Deaths from leukemia
Male actors from Louisville, Kentucky
Western Kentucky University alumni
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors |
4027571 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portballintrae | Portballintrae | Portballintrae () is a small seaside village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is four miles east of Portrush and two miles west of the Giant's Causeway. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 734 people, a decline of 10% compared to 1991. It lies within the Causeway Coast and Glens District Council area.
History
Donald Trump
In 2007 Portballintrae was considered as a location for a proposed £1 billion golf course complex by American tycoon and former American president Donald Trump.
Spanish Armada
Between 1967 and April 1968 a team of Belgian divers (including Robert Sténuit, the world's first aquanaut), located the remains of the wreck of the Girona off the coast of Portballintrae and brought up the greatest find of Spanish Armada treasure salvaged up until that time. The recovered artefacts are now on display in the Ulster Museum in Belfast.
Places of interest
The ruins of Dunluce Castle sit on the edge of a cliff between Portballintrae and Portrush. The castle was the main stronghold of the MacDonnell chiefs of Antrim.
Much of Portballintrae and its surrounding area is owned by the Macnaghten family of Dundarave House and Runkerry House. Runkerry, once the home of Lord Macnaghten, has since been converted into a series of apartments.
The Giant's Causeway Tramway runs through the sand dunes above the largest beach in Portballintrae, commonly known as Runkerry Strand, and Bushfoot Golf Club. This railway, popular with tourists, runs between The Giants Causeway and Bushmills.
2001 Census
Portballintrae is classified as a small village or hamlet by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) (i.e. with population between 500 and 1,000 people).
On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 734 people living in Portballintrae. Of these:
12.0% were aged under 16 years and 33.4% were aged 60 and over
48.9% of the population were male and 51.1% were female
1.0% were from a Catholic background and 96.5% were from a Protestant background.
2.1% of people aged 16–74 were unemployed
References
Coleraine Borough Council
Draft Northern Area Plan 2016
External links
Portballintrae website
Portballintrae.net
NI Neighbourhood Information Service
Villages in County Antrim
Seaside resorts in Northern Ireland
Beaches of Northern Ireland |
4027577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartan%20track | Tartan track | Tartan Track is a trademarked all-weather synthetic track surfacing made of polyurethane used for track and field competitions, manufactured by 3M. It lets athletes compete in bad weather without serious performance loss and improves their results over other surfaces. It also provides a more consistent surface for competition even under optimum weather. Such tracks have become the standard for most elite competitions.
Because the "Tartan" brand name was the first and was widely successful in its time, the name Tartan has been used as a genericized trademark for description of an all-weather running track.
History
The 1968 Summer Olympics at Mexico City was the first Olympic Games to use the Tartan track surface in athletics. Olympic shot put champion Bill Nieder and American record holder in the mile Don Bowden were instrumental in developing the product and selling it for use in the 1968 Olympics.
American track and field coach Bert Bonanno, who had been recruited by the Mexican Olympic Committee to help prepare their athletes, worked as a liaison between the Mexican officials and manufacturer 3M in 1968. “It had been red cinder at the Olympic Games up until then. 3M hired Jesse Owens to assist them to convince the Mexican Olympic Committee to put that track in,” Bonanno said.
A Tartan track was constructed for the men's U.S. Olympic Trials at Echo Summit, California, west of South Lake Tahoe. Just off U.S. Route 50, it was built in the summer of 1968 in the parking lot of Nebelhorn ski area, at an elevation of .
The original trade name "Tartan" came from 3M, manufacturers of Scotch Tape and continuing the Scotch name tradition. 3M's first generation artificial turf of the late 1960s and early 1970s was branded as "Tartan Turf." Those original tracks required mercury as a catalyst, later found to be an environmental hazard. An independent company has perfected the process without mercury. There are now numerous competitors in the "all-weather track" industry. In fact, the "Tartan" tracks of the late 1960s were the second generation of all-weather track surfacing. Before that, there were several tracks constructed of rubber (usually tire shavings) and asphalt. The first recorded use of a Tartan Track surface in competition in England was a long jump at the Norman Green Sports Centre in Solihull, September 16, 1967, though there were earlier uses in the United States.
See also
References
External links
TartanTrack.com
Sport of athletics terminology
3M brands |
4027581 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonner%20Foundation | Bonner Foundation | The Bonner Foundation was founded by Corella and Bertram F. Bonner in 1988. The Bonner Foundation supports two programs; The Bonner Program and the Crisis Ministry Program.
The Crisis Ministry Program provides grant funds to combat hunger, primarily with local organizations in Central New Jersey and a few additional communities of interest.
The Bonner Program began with in 1990 with the Bonner Scholar Program at Berea College and now has 21 participating schools. The Bonner Scholar Program provides scholarship money that allows students who would otherwise be working part-time to invest the same amount of time in community service. The foundation later created the Bonner Leaders program in order to engage additional student leaders. The Bonner Leader Program replicates the Bonner Scholars Program with schools using their own funding sources, including Federal Work-Study. Currently the program supports over 3,000 students annually at over 65 campuses.
Background on the Leadership and their role in the history of campus-based community service
The Bonner Foundation was founded by Bertram F. Bonner and Corella Allen Bonner. Wayne Meisel was the first president of the organization. Meisel began his role in 1989 and retired as president in 2010. Robert Hackett currently serves as the organization's president.
Meisel founded the Campus Outreach Opportunity League (COOL), a national organization that promotes and supports college student involvement in community service and social action. One of the signature programs of COOL has been its annual national conference on student community service. Although COOL was merged into idealist.org in 2004, the conference has continued. In 2007, idealist.org discontinued its On Campus Programs, what it had acquired through COOL. However, the national conference continues as an independent volunteer-driven effort. The Bonner Foundation and its participating campuses continue to be active participants and contributors to the successor annual conference known as the IMPACT Conference.
References
External links
Bonner Foundation in Princeton, New Jersey
Bonner Leaders Program at Notre Dame de Namur University, Belmont CA
Scholarships in the United States |
4027584 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montespluga | Montespluga | Montespluga is an Alpine village near the head of the Valle Spluga in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is a frazione of the comune of Madesimo, located at 1,908 m of altitude on the road to Chiavenna.
Geography
The village marks the Italian end of the Splügen Pass (Italian: Passo dello Spluga, c. 3 km from the village). Since the opening of the San Bernardino tunnel to the west, the pass is no longer kept open in winter and the village can be cut off from both Italy and Switzerland.
The village consists of three main streets (Via Dogana, Via Ferre and Via Val Longa), a small shop and a couple of small hotels. A reservoir lies to the south of the village.
Mountains nearby include the Pizzo Tambò, part of the Lepontine Alps.
Notes and references
Frazioni of the Province of Sondrio
Cities and towns in Lombardy |
4027587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris%20Shelkovnikov | Boris Shelkovnikov | Boris Martynovich Shelkovnikov (; 1837 – 10 February 1878), was a Russian general of the imperial army.
A descendant of an old Armenian noble house he was born in Nukha (modern-day Shaki, Azerbaijan). He participated in the Crimean War. In 1865 in the Northern Caucasus, and in 1876 he was appointed as the commander of the Black Sea region. During the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 Shelkovnikov stopped Turkish forces in their attack on Sochi and took Abkhazia after defeating the forces of Ahmed Muhtar Pasha in a battle near Aladzhi. He was awarded the Order of Saint George of the third degree on 27 October 1877 for his victory in Aladzhi.
Shelkovnikov's division met up with General Ivan Davidovich Lazarev and together they marched on the Turkish line to take the province of Erzerum on 2 October. Erzerum was taken the next day, and Shelkovnikov was made governor of the province.
After the occupation by Russian troops Erzurum region was its governor. Actively and vigorously set about it in its duties, but soon contracted typhus and died 10 February 1878.
References
1837 births
1878 deaths
People from Shaki, Azerbaijan
Imperial Russian Army generals
Russian people of the January Uprising
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree
Russian people of Armenian descent
Russian nobility |
4027591 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butamben | Butamben | Butamben is a local anesthetic. It is the ester of 4-aminobenzoic acid and butanol.
A white, odourless, crystalline powder. that is mildly soluble in water (1 part in 7000) and soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, fixed oils, and dilute acids. It slowly hydrolyses when boiled with water. Synonyms include Butamben, Butilaminobenzoato, and Butoforme. Proprietary names includes Alvogil in Spain and Alvogyl in Switzerland. It is one of three components in the topical anesthetic Cetacaine.
References |
4027595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Prentice%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201926%29 | John Prentice (footballer, born 1926) | John Prentice (2 August 1926 – 10 February 2006) was a Scottish football player and manager. He played for Heart of Midlothian, Rangers, Falkirk and Dumbarton, and managed Arbroath, Falkirk, Dundee, Clyde and Scotland.
Club career
Prentice was born in Shotts, Lanarkshire. After playing for the non-league club Carluke Rovers, Prentice signed for Hearts in 1944. A defender, he played for the Edinburgh side for seven years, before signing for Rangers in 1951 for £7000. He joined Falkirk in 1956 and the high point of his playing career was captaining Falkirk to their Scottish Cup triumph over Kilmarnock in the 1957 Scottish Cup Final. He left Falkirk in 1959 and signed for Dumbarton, where he finished his playing career. He also played for the Scottish League representative team.
Managerial career
Arbroath
Prentice began his managerial career at the age of 33 in April 1960, when he was appointed as manager of relegated First Division side Arbroath and took up his post for the final two games of the 1959–60 season. In his first full season (1960–61), Arbroath finished in 12th place in the 19 team Second Division after he had controversially sold top striker Dave Easson to Raith Rovers. In his second season, after a good start to the season, they finished in 6th place. Prentice suddenly resigned as manager in September 1962. No official reason was given for his exit, but a few weeks before his departure, Arbroath Town Council had refused to allocate him a house on the grounds that his job was not considered to be that of a 'key worker'.
Clyde
In November 1962, he was appointed as manager of Clyde. In his first half-season he was unable to stop Clyde being relegated, but in 1964 he guided them to promotion as Second Division runners-up. In the 1964–65 season Clyde finished seventh in the eighteen team First Division and also played well in the following season.
Scotland National Team
The quality of his team's performances and his management talents were recognized when, in March 1966, he was appointed as full-time manager of the Scotland national football team. He succeeded Jock Stein, who had managed the side on a part-time basis in addition to his post at Celtic. Prentice took charge of four games between April and June in 1966, all played at Hampden Park. Scotland suffered defeats by England, the Netherlands and Portugal, but recorded a 1–1 draw with reigning world champions Brazil in his last game. This meant that Prentice statistically held the worst record of any Scotland manager in his first four matches in charge, until Berti Vogts lost his first five matches in charge.
Later Club career
Prentice returned to club management with his old club Falkirk in October 1966. He later managed Dundee, his only experience of managing in European competition but left in 1972 to return to Falkirk where he remained until 1975.
Retirement
Prentice emigrated to Australia in the 1970s. He died in February 2006 of a brain tumour, aged 79.
Honours
Player
Rangers
Scottish Football League : 1952–53, 1955–56
Scottish Cup : 1952–53
Falkirk
Scottish Cup : 1956–57
Manager
Clyde
Scottish Second Division promotion: 1963–64
Dundee
Forfarshire Cup : 1970-71
Falkirk
Stirlingshire Cup : 1966–67, 1967–68
Scottish Second Division : 1974–75
Managerial statistics
References
External links
1926 births
2006 deaths
Sportspeople from Shotts
Deaths from cancer in New South Wales
Deaths from brain tumor
Scottish footballers
Rangers F.C. players
Heart of Midlothian F.C. players
Falkirk F.C. players
Dumbarton F.C. players
Scottish football managers
Scotland national football team managers
Arbroath F.C. managers
Falkirk F.C. managers
Clyde F.C. managers
Dundee F.C. managers
Carluke Rovers F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
Scottish Football League representative players
Scottish expatriates in Australia
Scottish Football League managers
Association football wing halves
Footballers from North Lanarkshire |
4027597 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prytaneion | Prytaneion | A prytaneion (, ) was seat of the prytaneis (executive), and so the seat of government in ancient Greece. The term is used to describe any of a range of ancient structures where officials met (normally relating to the government of a city), but the term is also used to refer to the building where the officials and winners of the Olympic Games met at Olympia. The prytaneion normally stood in centre of the city, in the agora.
In general in ancient Greece, each state, city or village possessed its own central hearth and sacred fire, the prytaneion, representing the unity and vitality of the community. The fire was kept alight continuously, tended by the king or members of his family. The building in which this fire was kept was the prytaneion, and the chieftain (the king or prytanis) probably made it his residence. The building contained the holy fire of Hestia, the goddess of the hearth, and symbol of the life of the city.
The term prytanis (pl. prytaneis) is generally applied specially to those who, after the abolition of absolute monarchy, held the chief office in the state. Rulers of this name are found at Rhodos as late as the 1st century BC.
Function
The prytaneion was regarded as the religious and political center of the community and was thus the nucleus of all government, and the official "home" of the whole people. When members of the state went forth to found a new colony they took with them a brand from the prytaneion altar to kindle the new fire in the colony; the fatherless daughters of Aristides, who were regarded as children of the state at Athens, were married from the prytaneion as from their home; Thoukydides informs us that in the Synoikism of Theseus the prytanea of all the separate communities were joined in the central prytaneion of Athens as a symbol of the union; foreign ambassadors and citizens who had deserved especially well of the state were entertained in the prytaneion as public guests. This is the function that Sokrates referred to in Plato's Apology when he said that instead of death he should be sentenced to be cared for in the prytaneion.
Athens
The site of the prytaneion at Athens cannot be definitely fixed; it is generally supposed that in the course of time several buildings bore the name. The prytaneion, mentioned by Pausanias, and probably the original center of the ancient city, was situated somewhere east of the northern cliff of the Acropolis. Many authorities hold that the original prytaneion of the city must have been on the Acropolis. From Aristotle's Constitution of Athens we know that the prytaneion was the official residence of the Archons but, when the New Agora was constructed by Peisistratos, they took their meals in the Thesmotheteion for the sake of convenience. Geoffrey Schmalz suggested in 2006 that the prytaneion should be identified with some of the ruins in St. Catherine's Square, not far from the Lysikrates Monument. Following the unearthing of an inscription mentioning the Prytaneion, George Kavvadias and Angelos Matthaiou argued in 2014 that it was somewhat to the north and west of the location suggested by Schmalz.
Polemon of Athens said that copies of the laws of Solon were kept in the prytaneion, engraved on square wooden tablets which revolved on pivots in such a way that when the tablets were turned at an angle they seemed to be triangular. Pausanias says briefly that the laws of Solon were inscribed in the prytaneion.
There was also a court of justice called the court of the prytaneion; all that is known of this court is that it tried murderers who could not be found, and inanimate objects which had caused death.
Achaea
In Achaea, this central hall was called the Lefton (town-hall), and a similar building is known to have existed at Elis.
Olympia
At Olympia, the Prytaneion was where the priests and magistrates lived; the high priests lived in the Theokoleon. It stands to the north-west of the Temple of Hera and was used for celebrations and feasts by the winners of the games. It also housed the Altar of Hestia where the original Olympic flame once burnt.
Naucratis
Athenaeus, in the Deipnosophistae, writes that in Naucratis the people dined in the Prytaneion on the natal day of the Hestia Prytanitis ().
Gallery
See also
Prytanée
References
Sources
Miller, Stephen G. The Prytaneion. Its Function and Architectural Form. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.
Ancient Greek buildings and structures |
4027602 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaciara | Iaciara | Iaciara is a municipality in northeastern Goiás state, Brazil.
Geography
Iaciara is located in Vão do Paranã statistical micro-region, which borders the state of Bahia. The distance to the state capital of Goiânia is 548 kilometers. Highway connections are made by BR-153 / Anápolis / GO-060 / Alexânia / Formosa / BR-020 / Alvorada do Norte / GO-112 for 58 km.
The municipality has boundaries with Posse, Alvorada do Norte, Guarani de Goiás, Nova Roma and São Domingos, and contains the following settlements: Claretiana, Extrema, Levantado and Água Quente.
The rivers that cross the municipality are: the Paranã, Água Quente, São Bernardo and Prata.
Economics
The main economic activities are cattle raising and agriculture (rice, beans, corn and bananas). In 2007 there were 6 small transformation industries and 114 retail establishments. There was one bank.
Motor vehicles: 644 (automobiles and pickup trucks)
Inhabitants per motor vehicle: 20
Agricultural data 2006
Farms: 669
Total area: 35,787 ha.
Area of permanent crops: 125 ha.
Area of perennial crops: 114 ha.
Area of natural pasture: 23,873 ha.
Area of woodland and forests: 10,923 ha.
Persons dependent on farming: 2,500
Cattle herd: 142,000
Main crop: corn (1500 hectares in 2006)
Health and education
Literacy rate: 79.5% (2000)
Infant mortality rate: 20.46 in 1,000 live births
There were 17 schools and one hospital with 22 beds (2006).
Iaciara is ranked 206 out of 242 municipalities in the state of Goiás on the United Nations Human Development Index with a score of 0.704. Nationally it is ranked 2,925 out of 5,507 municipalities.
History
The history of Iaciara began on 13 June 1881 when, at the Boa Vista ranch, the slave Miguel Cardoso da Conceiçao called for a prayer in the name of Santo Antonio. Since this prayer became traditional the owner of the ranch, Protassio de Souza, had structures of palm built to shelter the pilgrims. Nevertheless, Isidoro Teixeira, the first settler to build his house there, is considered to be the founder of the town. In 1885 the first house covered by tiles was built and the village was called Boa Vista. Later it was changed to Iracema. In 1887 the village was raised to the category of district with the name Iaciara, an Indian word of unknown origin. In 1958 Iaciara was dismembered from Posse and became a municipality.
See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
Vão do Paranã Microregion
Microregions in Goiás
References
Frigoletto
Transporte
Municipalities in Goiás |
4027613 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippeion | Philippeion | The Philippeion () in the Altis of Olympia was an Ionic circular memorial in limestone and marble, a tholos, which contained chryselephantine (ivory and gold) statues of Philip's family: himself, Alexander the Great, Olympias, Amyntas III and Eurydice I. It was made by the Athenian sculptor Leochares in celebration of Philip's victory at the battle of Chaeronea (338 BC). It was the only structure inside the Altis dedicated to a human.
The temple consisted of an outer colonnade of Ionic order with 18 columns. Inside it had nine engaged columns of the lavishly designed Corinthian order. It had a diameter of 15 metres. The naos contained two windows, much like Hera II at Paestum. It had a carved marble roof which was decorated with a bronze poppy head on top.
The importance of the chryselephantine material used is that it was also the material used for the statue of Zeus at Olympia (comparing the Macedonian royal family to the gods). The fact that Alexander is represented here is also important, as Philip had seven wives, therefore after his death there very well could have been claims to the throne by people other than Alexander. By putting Alexander in the statue it makes it clear who the successor should be. It is however disputed whether or not Philip constructed this monument or whether Alexander had it constructed later, in which case the motives would be different.
Notes
References
Philippeion in Archaeopaedia
Philippeion in culture.gr''
Olympic victor monuments and Greek athletic art By Walter Woodburn Hyde Page 353
Ancient Olympia
Ancient Greek buildings and structures
Culture of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
Ancient art on Alexander the Great
Philip II of Macedon |
4027615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20long%20course%20swimming%20pools%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom | List of long course swimming pools in the United Kingdom | This is an annotated list of swimming pools in the United Kingdom which conform to the Olympic standard. Additionally, it lists other long-course facilities that do not quite come up to the full standard of 50 × 25 metres, 10 (middle 8 used) lanes.
At the start of the 21st century, the provision of 50-metre swimming pools in the United Kingdom was very poor for a developed country. Few universities possessed 50-metre pools, and there was a marked reluctance on the part of municipal authorities to build new public long-course facilities. However, the successful bid to hold the 2012 Summer Olympics in London added impetus to the development of new pools. A number of new venues were completed before and after the Games, although some existing pools were demolished and not replaced by 50-metre facilities.
, no university in the UK possesses an Olympic standard pool, though several have an 8-lane 50-metre pool. The Aberdeen Aquatics Centre, being part funded by the University of Aberdeen, is the main pool facility for the university.
Olympic size pools
Planned or under construction
Other 50 metre pools
Planned or under construction/refurbishment
Other notable long-course pools
Open
Brockwell Lido – 160 ft (48.77 m) open air pool; opened in 1937, closed in 1990, and re-opened in 1994
Jesus Green Swimming Pool, Cambridge – open air pool
Lymington Open Air Sea Water Baths (Lymington Lido) – open air pool
Parliament Hill Lido (Hampstead Heath Lido) – unheated open air pool
Stonehaven Open Air Pool, Aberdeenshire – heated seawater open air pool
Tooting Bec Lido – unheated open air pool
Yearsley Swimming Pool, York – indoor pool
Closed
Derby Baths, Blackpool – 50 metres x 21 metres (8 lanes), with diving area and 1,800-seater viewing stadium. Opened in 1939 and closed in 1991.
Broomhill Pool, Ipswich – open air pool, plus diving pit. Subject of campaign to reopen.
Earls Court 1, Earls Court Exhibition Centre. 60m x 30m pool, up to 4m deep. Opened 1937. A 750 tonne retractable floor in three sections covered the pool when not in use and is lowered using water hydraulic rams. Demolished along with the rest of the Exhibition site. Last filled with water (2,250,000 gals) as a feature for the Ideal Home Show in 2011. Technical Manager Ray Simpson, who had maintained the pool since 1969, retired in July 2013. Earls Court has hosted both the 1948 and the 2012 Summer Olympics, but swimming was not held there on either occasion. The pool was most closely associated with the Earls Court Boat Show which was held annually from 1960 until 2003.
Gurnell Leisure Centre, Ealing. Opened 1981 Closure of the centre
Empire Pool, Wembley (now Wembley Arena). Venue for the 1948 Summer Olympics.
Grange Lido, Cumbria. Open-air sea-water Art Deco 50m pool, opened 1932, closed 1993, with an undecided future but a vigorous campaign for its reopening for swimming.
Leeds International Pool, Leeds – 50 metres, 8 lanes. Closed 21 October 2007; now demolished.
Murton Colliery Pool, Murton, County Durham – 50 metre open air pool, built in 1961, and closed in 1991 following the closure of the colliery; filled in.
Wales Empire Pool at Cardiff. Venue for the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games; demolished in 1998 during construction of the Millennium Stadium. Replaced by the Cardiff International Pool.
White City Stadium swimming pool. Venue for the 1908 Summer Olympics; site demolished in 1985.
Wigan International Pool, Wigan – 50 metres, 8 lanes. Closed 21 September 2008, and subsequently demolished. Replaced by a 25 × 21 m pool at the Wigan Life Centre.
Coventry Central Baths, Coventry - 50 metres, 8 lanes. Closed 15 February 2020 and will be demolished. Replaced by new 50m pool at Alan Higgs Centre.
See also
List of long course swimming pools in the Republic of Ireland
References
External links
About Olympic and 50 m Swimming pools in the UK and Ireland
Images of Olympic Swimming Pools in the UK
Map of all UK 50m pools from table above
Olympic-size swimming pools in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom |
4027616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmfare%20Award%20for%20Best%20Female%20Playback%20Singer | Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer | The Filmfare Best Female Playback Award is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise a female playback singer who has delivered an outstanding performance in a film song.
Although the award ceremony was established in 1954, the category for best playback singer was introduced in 1959. The award was initially common for both male and female singers until 1967. The category was divided the following year, and ever since there have been two awards presented for male and female singers separately.
Superlatives
Asha Bhosle, Alka Yagnik with seven wins each, hold the record for most awards in this category. Shreya Ghoshal has won the award six times. Lata Mangeshkar, Anuradha Paudwal and Kavita Krishnamurthy have won the award four times. Bhosle won the award in a record of four consecutive years (1972–75), followed by the three consecutive wins of Paudwal (1991–1993), Krishnamurthy (1995–1997) and Yagnik (2000–2002), respectively.
Two singers have achieved the feat of receiving all the nominations of this category in a particular year: Asha Bhosle was the single nominee in 1973, having all the three nominations to her credit, and Alka Yagnik was the single nominee in 1994, having all the four nominations to her credit, one of which she shared—and eventually jointly won—with Ila Arun.
In 1971, Lata Mangeshkar made the unusual gesture of not having her name be considered for the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award, in order to promote fresh talent. After receiving her seventh award in 1979, Asha Bhosle emulated her elder sister and requested that her name not be considered for the nominations thereafter.
There have been ties for two consecutive years between 2010 and 2011.
Until the award was not officially divided up for different gender (1968) Lata Mangeshkar was the only artist to win and be nominated for this award. She is also the earliest recipient of this award in 1959. Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle were the most successful singers in 60s with two wins each. Bhosle continued her domination in the 70s with five wins (Mangeshkar not considered from hereon). In 80s no singer dominated the epoch (Bhosle not considered from hereon) however in 90s Anuradha Paudwal and Kavita Krishnamurthy both had three wins each. Alka Yagnik and Shreya Ghoshal garnered four wins each in the 2000s. Rekha Bhardwaj and Shreya Ghoshal are leading the 2010s with two wins each.
Alka Yagnik holds the record of getting nominated for consecutively 14 years from 1992 till 2005, resulting in 33 nominations and 6 wins, followed by Shreya Ghoshal getting nominated consecutively for 11 years from 2006 to 2016 that resulted in 3 wins and 17 nominations.
Multiple winners
Most consecutive wins
Multiple nominees
Winners and nominees
In 1959, the award category for Best Playback Singer was first instituted after Lata Mangeshkar refused to perform the song "Rasik Balma Se Dil Kyon Lagaya" from the film Chori Chori by Shankar Jaikishan at the 3rd Filmfare Awards. Mangeshkar also became the first recipient of this award. Separate awards for male and female singers were introduced from 1968.
Note: The category for Best Playback Singer was established in 1959, and until 1967 both male and female singers used to compete for a single award.
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
See also
Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer
Filmfare Awards
Cinema of India
References
External links
Filmfare Nominees and Winners
Filmfare Awards Best Female Playback Singer
Female Playback
Indian music awards |
4027617 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putting%20Biodiversity%20on%20the%20Map | Putting Biodiversity on the Map | Putting biodiversity on the map: priority areas for global conservation by C. J. Bibby, N. J. Collar, M. J. Crosby, M.F. Heath, Ch. Imboden, T. H. Johnson, A. J. Long, A. J. Stattersfield and S. J. Thirgood () is a 1992 book published by the International Council for Bird Preservation.
The book introduced the Endemic Bird Area (EBA) concept and argued for its use as a means of identifying important areas for the conservation of all biodiversity worldwide.
The book starts with a number of sections outlining its overall aim, scope and methods. This is followed by a global overview, which is followed in turn by regional overviews for six regions:
North and Central America
South America
Africa, Europe and the Middle East
Continental Asia
South-east Asian Islands, New Guinea and Australia
Pacific Islands
This is followed by a similar set of regional analyses for other groups of animals and plants. Two final sections set out recommendations for the use of EBAs in conservation priority setting, and a set of conclusions. A number of appendices give detailed data in tabular form on EBAs and their importance.
The book does not describe the individual Endemic Bird Areas in detail; a subsequent more detailed publication, Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation does so, however.
The book is 90 pages long. It has a foreword by Edward O. Wilson.
Literature relating to endemism in birds
1992 non-fiction books
1992 in the environment
BirdLife International |
4027619 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn%20Cameron | Lynn Cameron | Lynn Cameron (born 31 July 1979, in Perth) is a Scottish curler, and she was a member of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland team taking part in the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy.
2006 was her first appearance as an Olympian. She did not appear in the 2010 Winter Olympic Games in Canada.
She was part of the Scotland curling team which won the World Junior Championships in 1997 in which Scotland beat Sweden 11–3 in the final.
In 2009, she won a gold medal at the European Mixed Curling Championship with Tom Brewster.
She is employed as a physical education teacher at Morgan Academy in Dundee.
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Scottish female curlers
British female curlers
Olympic curlers of Great Britain
Curlers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Scottish curling champions
Sportspeople from Perth, Scotland |
4027621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Korea%20at%20the%202006%20Winter%20Olympics | South Korea at the 2006 Winter Olympics | South Korea competed as Republic of Korea at the 2006 Winter Olympics, while North Korea competed as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. At the opening ceremony, the athletes of both North and South Korea entered the stadium together behind the Korean Unification Flag.
Medalists
In terms of medal count, South Korea is the only Asian country in the top ten.
Ten of the eleven medals were won in short track speed skating. Short track speedskaters Jin Sun-yu and Ahn Hyun-soo were the second and third people to win three gold medals each in Turin. Ahn also won a bronze.
Alpine skiing
Biathlon
Cross-country skiing
Distance
Sprint
Freestyle skiing
Luge
Short track speed skating
Men
Women
Skeleton
Ski jumping
Speed skating
Men
Women
References
Korea, South
2006
Winter Olympics |
4027623 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelopion | Pelopion | The Pelopion was a structure at the ancient site of Olympia, Greece. It was the alleged tomb of Pelops, a figure in Greek mythology. It was a monument surrounded by a pentagonal structure. The tomb became an altar for animal sacrifices in Archaic Greece and continued to serve as an altar into the Roman era, until it fell into disuse with the advent of Christianity. It consisted of a mound of ashes and compacted earth, at the peak of which the sacrifice would take place – a black ram was sacrificed here every year in honor of Pelops. In order to get to the top of the altar, priests would carve steps into the mound. This packed earth form of altar was a particularly ancient one, quite unlike the more modern stone altars such as those evidenced at Delphi and the Acropolis of Athens.
References
External links
Ancient Greek buildings and structures
Ancient Olympia |
4027625 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner%20Lorenz | Werner Lorenz | Werner Lorenz (October 2, 1891 – March 13, 1974) was an SS functionary during the Nazi era. He was head of the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (VOMI) (Main Office for Ethnic Germans), an organization charged with resettling ethnic Germans in the "German Reich" from other parts of Europe, as well as colonising the occupied lands during World War II. After the war, Lorenz was sentenced to prison for crimes against humanity in 1948. He was released in 1955 and died in 1974.
Early life
He was born in Grünhof (now in Gmina Postomino, Sławno County) near Stolp, Pomerania. His father was a forest warden. In 1909 Lorenz went to Military school. He served in World War I first as a cavalry officer then as a pilot in the Luftstreitkräfte. After the war he worked as a border guard and as farmer. He later acquired land and industrial property in Danzig. Through his daughter Rosemarie, Lorenz would become Axel Springer's father-in-law.
Nazi Party and SS career
In 1929 Lorenz joined the Nazi Party and the SS in 1931. Two years later he had an active political role as a member of the Landtag in the Free State of Prussia, a member of the Reichstag and worked at the Hamburg State Council.
In November 1933 Lorenz was promoted to SS-Gruppenführer and lead the SS Upper Division North in Altona from 1934 until 1937. In January 1937, was promoted to head the Nazi Party agency Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (VOMI) that was initially responsible for the welfare of ethnic Germans (Volksdeutsche) living beyond the pre-war borders of Nazi Germany. After the Second World War began, the VOMI took charge of the resettlement of ethnic Germans on captured territory, but also the "Germanization" of foreign children such as Poles and Slovenes. Some accounts consider him the "least radical" of the higher SS leadership.
Ethnic cleansing in World War II
Following the invasion of Poland in 1939, Lorenz was the chief executive responsible for allocating confiscated land, property and managing the affairs of the Volksdeutsch in all other areas of occupied Eastern Europe. VOMI, which was an office of the Nazi Party, would take control of a district once the native populations had been driven from their homes and lands. Ethnic German settlers were then given the land to work under the direction of VOMI officials. In respect to his international work, Lorenz was plenipotentiary for foreign relations for Adolf Hitler's deputy, Rudolf Hess.
In June 1941 VOMI was absorbed into the office of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German Nationhood (RKFDV) run by Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler. The RKFDV, as an SS-controlled organization, had the authority to say who was German, where ethnic Germans could live, and what populations should be cleared or annihilated in order to make room for the German settlers from the east Europe during action "Heim ins Reich". As RKFDV chief, Himmler authorized the Einsatzgruppen (SS death squads) and other SS police units to round up and kill Jews, Slavs and Roma. Lorenz remained in charge of Volksdeutsch settlements in these ethnically cleansed areas. He also was responsible for VOMI officials who handled the personal property seized from Jews killed during Operation Reinhard in the General Government during 1942-1943.
In late 1942 Lorenz was seriously injured in a vehicle accident in Bosnia while overseeing the VOMI evacuation of ethnic Germans from the region. He was promoted to SS-Obergruppenführer in 1936.
Post-war
At the end of World War II, Lorenz was arrested and held in an internment camp in England. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison at the RuSHA Trial at Nuremberg on 10 March 1948. Later, his sentence was reduced and Lorenz was released from prison in 1955. He died in Hamburg in 1974.
Service record
Dates of rank
SS-Sturmbannführer: March 31, 1931
SS-Standartenführer: July 7, 1931
SS-Oberführer: November 9, 1931
SS-Brigadeführer: July 1, 1933
SS-Gruppenführer: November 1, 1933
SS-Obergruppenführer: November 9, 1936
SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei: August 15, 1942
SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Waffen-SS: November 9, 1944
References
Bibliography
External links
1891 births
1974 deaths
People from Sławno County
People from the Province of Pomerania
Nazi eugenics
Nazi Party officials
Prussian politicians
SS-Obergruppenführer
Holocaust perpetrators in Poland
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
German people convicted of crimes against humanity
People convicted by the United States Nuremberg Military Tribunals
Members of the Reichstag of Nazi Germany
Prussian Army personnel
Luftstreitkräfte personnel
German World War I pilots
Waffen-SS personnel
20th-century Freikorps personnel |
4027626 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrive%20Alive | Arrive Alive | Arrive Alive is an unfinished comedy film directed by Jeremiah S. Chechik and starring Willem Dafoe and Joan Cusack. It was produced by Art Linson.
Premise
Mickey Crews is a house detective in a seedy Florida hotel who gets involved in investigating the death of a former champion boxer. He has a romance with a former exotic dancer named Joy.
Background
The script was written by Mitch Glazer and Michael O'Donoghue who had written Scrooged (1988) for producer Art Linson. Linson had tried to get Arrive Alive made for a number of years, with a variety of stars attached, before finally securing funding with Chechik, Dafoe and Cusack. Cusack was an up-and-coming actress, working on Saturday Night Live, Dafoe was getting terrific buzz from The Last Temptation of Christ and Chechik had just directed the successful National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation.
Filming started in April 1990. However, after a week, the producers felt that the lines they had thought so funny in the script were not getting the laughs they hoped for. Shortly after arriving for location shooting in Miami, Dafoe quit due to script changes which required him to perform slapstick comedy which did not suit him. Six days later, the decision was taken to cancel production as no satisfactory replacement could be found for Dafoe and write off the $7 million cost. The whole story is related in Linson's book A Pound of Flesh.
Various attempts have been made to film the script again without any success.
The orca Lolita was to appear in the film but production was halted while filming at the Miami Seaquarium.
References
External links
1990s unfinished films
Unreleased American films
1990s comedy films
American comedy films
Films directed by Jeremiah S. Chechik
Films produced by Art Linson
Films set in Florida
Films with screenplays by Michael O'Donoghue
Films with screenplays by Mitch Glazer
1990s English-language films
1990s American films |
4027628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Institute%20of%20Ocean%20Technology | National Institute of Ocean Technology | The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) was established in November 1993 as an autonomous society under the Ministry of Earth Sciences in India. NIOT is managed by a Governing Council and is headed by a director. The institute is based in Chennai. The major aim of starting NIOT was to develop reliable indigenous technologies to solve various engineering problems associated with harvesting of non-living and living resources in India's exclusive economic zone, which is about two-thirds of the land area of India.
Technology Groups
Coastal and Environmental Engineering
The group functions with a mandate to develop application-oriented technologies in ocean-related (Coastal & Environmental) areas. The goals of the group are to promote programs consistent with the overall development perspective of the country in the infrastructure sector thereby contributing to the nation building exercise
The group caters to specific sponsored-research and industrial sector projects by providing technical support and time-bound, result-oriented research.
Coastal and Environmental Engineering (CEE) program aims to bring the state of the art technology in coastal infrastructure development through field observation, numerical modeling and engineering application.
Energy & Fresh Water
The main area of focus of this group is the utilization of the ocean resources to find alternative technologies for producing fresh water (including clean drinking water) and renewable energy. Currently the group is working on three specific areas, fresh water production using low temperature thermal desalination (LTTD) process and energy production using two distinctly different processes, ocean thermal energy conversion and wave energy.
Technologies like Low Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD) using coolant water discharge from thermal power plant, wave energy using floating devices such as Backward Bent Ducted Buoy (BBDB), ocean current turbine development, solar desalination, heat exchangers for LTTD and ocean thermal energy conversion are the focal areas of research. Apart from the aspect of technology development, the group has taken initiative in transferring the LTTD technology to the society through industrial partnership. LTTD is set up in many places. We can see LTTD in Kavaratti, Aggati, Minicoy islands, and NCTPS (Chennai).
Marine Sensor System
Marine Sensor Systems group was established in September 2005 to cater to the mandate of NIOT to develop and demonstrate technologies for oceans. Since then group has been concentrating on the development of different types of underwater sensor systems apart from electronic support given to the other groups in NIOT. Most of the underwater systems are acoustic based systems with underwater electronics. The group's activities have attracted several industries.
Needs of NIOT are unique and all the requirements could not be met with the facilities available at NIOT earlier. Now, facilities to qualify electronics under different conditions of underwater operation have been established like, EMI/EMC analyzer, Helium Leak detector, Environment testing systems, Corrosion Chamber and Shock & Vibration testing chamber, under a single umbrella.
Marine Biotechnology
In order to develop agriculture and tourism, and to study the natural marine resources of the island groups, the Island Development Authority (IDA) was established under the chairmanship of Rajiv Gandhi, the then prime minister of India in the year of 1986. The IDA enlisted the then Department of Ocean Development (DOD), presently Ministry of Earth Sciences, as one of the implementing agencies for carrying out activities that will recuperate the socio-economic status of the island community. Based on the suggestions made by the IDA, the DOD took up several ocean related activities relevant to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep and the Gulf of Mannar group of Islands in order to bring in socio-economic benefits to the island communities.
Ocean Acoustics and Modelling
The Ocean Acoustics group was formed in the 11th plan period with the aim to focus on research and development in underwater acoustics as most of the applications in the oceans rely on acoustics. Research and Development activities in the following key areas have been taken up.
Three major in-house projects and few inter institutional projects are in progress. A fully automated ambient noise measurement system developed by the group is being utilized for collecting time series measurements in Indian shallow waters. The group also maintains an NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories) accredited Acoustic Test Facility for testing and calibration of underwater acoustic transducers that caters to the needs of internal groups and external institutions/organizations.
Ocean Electronics
The Ocean Electronics group was created in December 2009 and has a mandate to develop ocean observation systems and demonstrate for applications in the ocean. The group is involved in the development of Deep Ocean Bottom Pressure Recorder (DOPR) & surface buoy data logger for Tsunami Early Warning Systems, Autonomous Underwater Profiling Drifter (AUPD), and technologies for data communication using INSAT satellites.
Offshore Structures
NIOT has been developing several offshore components for various programs like desalination, mining, data buoys etc. These include pipelines/risers, moorings in deep water for small buoys as well as large vessels. The need for developing several offshore components has been felt for most of the projects handled in NIOT. The group addresses such needs.
Technology Projects
Deep Sea Mining
Polymetallic nodules have economically valuable metals such as Copper, Cobalt, Nickel and Manganese in them and are viewed as potential resources to take care of the depleting land resources and increasing demand of these metals. There are more than 380 million tons of nodules in the retained Indian Pioneer area. However development of deep subsea technology for mining these resources is a major challenge considering the depth of occurrence of these nodules being 4000–6000 m, ultra high pressure environment and very low temperatures, very soft soils for supporting heavy mining equipment and difficulties in vertical transport of the harvested nodules. NIOT has been working on a mining concept where a crawler based mining machine collects, crushes and pumps nodules to the mother ship using a high pressure slurry pump through a flexible riser system. With this perspective, the integrated mining system is under development for demonstration of deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules.
Gas Hydrates
This group was created to cater to the sustained development of technology towards harnessing the enormous potential offered by the ocean towards the energy sectors and also to the industries related to offshore activities with particular reference to gas hydrates.
Gas hydrates are crystalline combination of a natural gas and water (known technically as a clathrate) looks remarkably like ice but burns if it meets a match lit. Energy in the gas hydrates amount to twice as much as all fossil fuels combined. Gas hydrate estimated to contribute a very large amount of methane, a potential clear hydrocarbon fuel resource.
Submersibles
Development of deep-water work class ROV by NIOT in collaboration with Experimental Design Bureau of Oceanological Engineering (EDBOE), Moscow was initiated by Polymetallic Nodule Management (PMN) Board of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Govt. of India. The submersible is equipped with multifunctional tools and sensors for offshore applications such as deep ocean mineral exploration, seabed imaging, gas hydrate exploration, pipeline routing, submarine cabling, well head detection, sampling etc.
Operational Programs
Ocean Observation Systems
Under the Ocean Observation Network (OON) programme of ESSO MoES, the Ocean observation systems (OOS) group of NIOT is entrusted to undertake the activities on moored buoy programme. The OOS group, erstwhile National Data Buoy Programme, was established in 1996, with the objective to operate, maintain and develop moored buoy observational networks and related telecommunication facilities in the Indian seas. Later, OOS inherited lead responsibility for a number of important and well-established observational programmes in the northern Indian Ocean. Due to the remoteness of the vast open oceans, there have been challenges to continuous observation of the ocean, which was later harmonized by in-situ and satellite based observations.
Vessel Management
The Vessel Management Cell, or 'VMC', is an operational wing of NIOT which manages the running, operation and maintenance of the fleet of MoES research vessels viz. ORV Sagar Nidhi, BTV Sagar Manjusha, CRV Sagar Purvi and CRV Sagar Paschimi.
It was established in 1996, with an aim to manage two coastal research vessels, CRV Sagar Purvi and CRV Sagar Paschimi, that had been acquired by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) for assessing coastal pollution, coastal pollution monitoring, coastal surveys and near shore multidisciplinary work. In 2001, VMC committed to manage a barge, Sagar Shakthi, that was used to implement a 1MW gross pilot plant to demonstrate OTEC technology, which was the first ever such attempt in the world.
References
External links
National Institute of Ocean Technology
Ministry of Earth Sciences
Centre for Marine Living Resources & Ecology
National Centre for Coastal Research
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
The India Meteorological Department
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR POLAR AND OCEAN RESEARCH
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
Scientific organizations established in 1993
1993 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Research institutes in Chennai
Ministry of Earth Sciences |
4027639 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouleuterion | Bouleuterion | A bouleuterion (, bouleutērion), also translated as and was a building in ancient Greece which housed the council of citizens (, boulē) of a democratic city state. These representatives assembled at the bouleuterion to confer and decide about public affairs. There are several extant bouleuteria around Greece and its former colonies. It should not be confused with the Prytaneion, which housed the executive council of the assembly and often served as the boule's mess hall.
Athens
The Athenian Boule is better known as the Council of 500. Solon was credited with its formation in 594 BC as an assembly of 100 men each from Athens's four original tribes. At the adoption of the new constitution around 507 BC, this was changed to 50 men each from the 10 newly created tribes. (Each served a one-year term)
The Old Bouleuterion was built on the west side of the Agora below the Agoraios Kolonos around 500 BC. It was almost square and included an oblong antechamber and a main council chamber, a large rectangular egg with wooden benches arranged in rows along the walls. The roof was supported by five columns. It is now better known as the Metroon ("House of the Mother") since it was repurposed as her temple after the construction of the New Bouleuterion.
The New Bouleuterion was built west of the old building in the late 5th century BC. It was bigger and more sophisticated, with an amphitheater-like system of twelve levels of semicircular benches. Both the Old and the New Bouleuterion used the nearby Tholos.
Olympia
The Bouleuterion of Ancient Olympia was shaped like an early Greek temple, a kind of square horse-shoe. It had a tiered seating arrangement and was located near the city's agora.
Other bouleuteria
Other notable bouleuteria are located at:
Anemourion (Anamur, Turkey)
Aphrodisias (Geyre, Turkey)
Argos in Greece;
Ancient Mantineia (Gortsouli, Arkadia), Glanon (St-Rémy, France)
Lemnos in Greece
Paestum (Italy)
Philippopolis (Plovdiv, Bulgaria) - Bouleuterion of Philippopolis
Priene (Güllübahçe Turun, Turkey)
Messene (Messini, Greece)
Termessos (Güllük Dağı, Turkey)
Troy (Hisarlik, Turkey)
See also
Curia
External links
Bouleuterion: Birthplace of Democracy
Bouleterion at Mantineia
Ancient Greek buildings and structures
Legislative buildings
Greek words and phrases |
4027641 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Redwine | Timothy Redwine | Timothy Paul Redwine is an American television actor.
His first TV appearance was in 1995 as "Justin" in Two Bits and Pepper. He had the starring roles in the film P.U.N.K.S. (1999) and co-starring roles in films like Family Secrets (2001) and The Thirteenth Year (1999). Most recently he has appeared in CSI, Step by Step, and Prey. He has had over a dozen TV roles, ranging from minor guest appearances to a starring role.
Not appearing in any major projects since 2001, Redwine left the Hollywood atmosphere and now quietly resides in Northern California. He is now a devout Christian.
He was born Donato Alleva. Prior to entering in the entertainment industry, his mother had his name changed to Timothy Paul Redwine. For most of his career, he used Tim Redwine as his stage name.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
Year of birth missing (living people) |
4027648 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonidaion | Leonidaion | The Leonidaion (Λεωνίδαιον) was the lodging place for athletes taking part in the Olympic Games at Olympia. It was located at the southwest edge of the sanctuary and was the largest building on the site. It was constructed around 330 BCE and was funded and designed by Leonidas of Naxos.
The building consisted of four Ionian colonnades with 138 decorated columns, forming a square of approximately 80 metres. In its interior there was a central Doric peristyle with 44 columns.
In the late third century AD the still utilised Leonidaion was destroyed in an earthquake and its wreckage used in the construction of the Late Antique wall built to protect the site from the Herules.
External links
Ancient Greek buildings and structures
Ancient Olympia |
4027650 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah%20S.%20Chechik | Jeremiah S. Chechik | Jeremiah S. Chechik (born 1955 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada) is the director of such films as National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation, Benny & Joon, Diabolique and The Avengers.
Chechik was nominated for Worst Director at the 1998 Golden Raspberry Awards for The Avengers but lost to Gus Van Sant for his remake of Psycho.
In 2007, Chechik directed all eight episodes of The Bronx is Burning. He and producer Michael Birnbaum purchased the screen rights to House of Night, a juvenile vampire book series from authors P. C. Cast and her daughter Kristin Cast in 2008, but as of 2015 no film has yet gone into production.
His film The Right Kind of Wrong was screened in the Gala Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.
References
External links
1955 births
Film directors from Montreal
Canadian television directors
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Anglophone Quebec people
McGill University alumni |
4027656 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan%20at%20the%202006%20Winter%20Olympics | Kyrgyzstan at the 2006 Winter Olympics | Kyrgyzstan a delegation to compete in the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy from 10–26 February 2006. This was Kyrgyzstan's fourth appearance at a Winter Olympic Games. The delegation consisted of a single alpine skier, first-time Olympian Ivan Borisov. His best performance was 41st in the men's giant slalom, and he was disqualified from the men's slalom.
Background
Following the Dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan was recognized by the International Olympic Committee on 1 January 1993. Kyrgyzstan has participated in every Winter Olympics since the 1994 Lillehammer Games, and every Summer Olympics since the 1996 Atlanta Games. This was therefore Kyrgyzstan's fourth appearance at a Winter Olympics. The Kyrgyzstani delegation to Turin consisted of a single athlete, alpine skier Ivan Borisov. He was the flag bearer for both the opening ceremony and the closing ceremony.
Alpine skiing
Ivan Borisov was 26 years old at the time of the Turin Olympics, and was making his Olympic debut. On 20 February he took part in the men's giant slalom, posting run times of 1 minute and 59.49 seconds and 1 minute and 37.61 seconds; in both heats, he was the last finisher. He finished in 41st and last place with a time of 3 minutes and 37.10 seconds, nearly 30 seconds behind 40th place, but there were 40 other competitors who failed to finish both legs. On 25 February, in the slalom, Borisov finished the first run in 1 minute and 9.54 seconds. In the second run, he posted a provisional time of 1 minute and 21.07 seconds, but was disqualified for missing a gate.
See also
Kyrgyzstan at the 2006 Asian Games
References
Nations at the 2006 Winter Olympics
2006
2006 in Kyrgyzstani sport |
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