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5391659 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A9molat | Trémolat | Trémolat (; ) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
Geography
Trémolat is from the town of Périgueux and is situated along the river Dordogne in the Périgord region. Trémolat station has rail connections to Bordeaux, Bergerac and Sarlat-la-Canéda.
Population
Media
The director Claude Chabrol filmed Le Boucher (1970) in Trémolat.
See also
Communes of the Dordogne department
References
Communes of Dordogne |
5391662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.%20F.%20Cross | A. F. Cross | Albert Francis Cross (1863–1940) wrote under the pen name of A. F. Cross. He was a noted poet, playwright, journalist and author and the founder of several theatres and newspapers in the English Midlands area.
His most popular works include several books of verses and poetry, specifically Songs and Sonnets, Virginia and Charnwood Poems, inspired by a series of walks through Charnwood Forest. Charnwood Poems was published in 1928. He was also the author of several plays, including the musical comedy Dainty Diana.
Born in Moor Lane, Loughborough, on 9 May 1863, Cross began his career as a school master but moved into journalism after contributing to the Leicester Advertiser. In 1895, he became the editor of the Nuneaton Observer.
In 1900, he formed the Nuneaton Theatre and Entertainment Company and became manager of the Prince of Wales Theatre, Nuneaton. He also built the Empire Skating Rink in Nuneaton and managed Rugby Theatre in Rugby.
In 1906, Cross bought the Nuneaton Chronicle from its founder F.D. Robertson. He remained proprietor and editor until his death in 1940.
In 1930, he founded the George Eliot Fellowship.
References
External links
1863 births
1940 deaths
People from Loughborough
20th-century English poets
English male journalists
20th-century English dramatists and playwrights
British male poets
British male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century English male writers |
3999120 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20singles | 2005 French Open – Men's singles | Rafael Nadal defeated Mariano Puerta in the final, 6–7(6–8), 6–3, 6–1, 7–5 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2005 French Open. It was his first major title, the first of a record 14 French Open titles, and the first of a record 22 major men's singles titles overall. Nadal won the French Open on his tournament debut, the first man to do so since Mats Wilander in 1982, and was the youngest champion since Michael Chang in 1989.
Gastón Gaudio was the defending champion, but lost in the fourth round to David Ferrer.
This was the first French Open where future two-time champion Novak Djokovic competed, and marked the first time he won a major match. Future champion Stanislas Wawrinka also made his first appearance at a major, losing in the third round to Puerta. 1999 champion Andre Agassi made his last French Open appearance, losing a five-set match to Jarkko Nieminen in the first round.
Seeds
Qualifying
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Bottom half
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
References
External links
Official Roland Garros 2005 Men's Singles Draw
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
2005 French Open – Men's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation
Men's Singles
French Open by year – Men's singles
2005 ATP Tour |
3999122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanee%20River | Swanee River | Swanee River may refer to:
Old Folks at Home, an 1851 song often known unofficially as "Swanee River", written by Stephen Foster
Swanee River (1931 film), an American film
Swanee River (1939 film), a film biography of Stephen Foster
Swanee River (band)
See also
Suwannee River, the actual river in Florida which inspired the song
Swanee (disambiguation) |
3999125 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegheny%20Commons%20%28Pittsburgh%29 | Allegheny Commons (Pittsburgh) | Allegheny Commons is a municipal park located in Pittsburgh's North Side. The park surrounds the neighborhood of Allegheny Center. Dating to 1867, it is the oldest park in the city of Pittsburgh.
History
The park was once free grazing land which surrounded the first 32 blocks of Allegheny City in John Redick's 1784 town plan. It was re-made into a municipal park in the 1860s by landscape architects hired by Allegheny City.
Allegheny Commons Park has three main parts, all of which are in the Allegheny Center neighborhood: Allegheny Commons Park West Park, Allegheny Commons Park North Park, and Allegheny Commons Park East Park. The West Park portion is the largest of the three, and it has housed the National Aviary since 1952.
A non-profit organization, The Allegheny Commons Initiative maintains the park acting as a liaison between it and the city through advocacy, fundraising, and project management.
Western Penitentiary
From 1826 to 1880, the first prison west of the Atlantic Plain operated in the present day park. It was demolished in 1880. In 1882 a new prison bearing its name was completed a few blocks west, along the Ohio River.
Charles Dickens visited the city from March 20–22, 1842, during his American tour. He visited the prison and some scholars believe conditions at the facility inspired elements of the classic A Christmas Carol.
The site is famous for housing 118 Confederate soldiers after their capture in Morgan's Raid a dozen miles to the west. It held them from August 5, 1863, until they were transferred to a military fort in New Jersey on March 18, 1864. Although conditions were good for the time, at least eight Confederates died during the winter, one while attempting escape.
Gallery
See also
List of Pittsburgh neighborhoods
Notes
References
Parks in Pittsburgh
Urban public parks
1867 establishments in Pennsylvania
Protected areas established in 1867 |
5391683 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20regions%20of%20Serbia | List of regions of Serbia | The regions of Serbia include geographical and, to a lesser extent, traditional and historical areas. Geographical regions have no official status, though some of them serve as a basis for the second-level administrative divisions of Serbia, okrugs (districts of Serbia). Not being administratively defined, the boundaries of the regions are in many cases vague: they may overlap, and various geographers and publications may delineate them differently, not just in the sense of regions' extents, but also in the sense as to whether they form separate geographical entities or subsist as parts of other super-regions, etc.
For the most part, regions correspond to the valleys or to the watershed-areas of rivers and were simply named after them (some even a millennium ago), while mountain ridges and peaks often mark boundaries. In some cases, a defined region may refer only to the inhabited parts of the valleys (see župa).
Valleys and plains along the largest rivers are special cases. The Serbian language usually forms their names with the prefix po- (SavaPosavina, Danube (Dunav)Podunavlje, TisaPotisje, etc.). Considered geographical regions per se, they usually have very elongated shapes and cover large areas (Pomoravlje), sometimes spreading through several countries (Posavina, Potisje, Podrinje, etc.). For the most part they overlap with other, smaller regions established during history along their course, in most cases named after the tributaries of the main river (most notably, in the case of all three sections of Pomoravlje).
For the purpose of easier presentation in the tables, the territory of Serbia is roughly divisible into six geographical sections: northern, western, central, eastern, south-western and south. Thus the tables do not follow the political divisions. Kosovo declared independence in February 2008. Serbia and a number of UN member states have not recognised its independence, and the territory is disputed.
Northern Serbia
Western Serbia
Central Serbia
Eastern Serbia
South-Western Serbia
Southern Serbia
Kosovo
Annotations
Sources
Atlas of Serbia (2006); Intersistem Kartofragija;
Jovan Đ. Marković (1990): Enciklopedijski geografski leksikon Jugoslavije; Svjetlost-Sarajevo;
Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija, Third edition (1986), Vol.I; Prosveta;
Auto atlas Jugoslavija-Evropa, Eleventh edition (1979); Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Geography of Serbia
References
Regions
Serbia, regions |
5391695 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic%20combined%20at%20the%201960%20Winter%20Olympics | Nordic combined at the 1960 Winter Olympics | Nordic combined at the 1960 Winter Olympics consisted of one event, held from 21 February to 22 February. The ski jumping portion took place at Papoose Peak Jumps, while the cross-country portion took place at McKinney Creek Stadium (Tahoma, California).
Competition opened with the ski jumping event. Standings were determined by a point system under the parameters of combined distance points (3 jumps per competitor) and "style" points awarded for each attempt. The table below reflects the best distance out of three attempts.
The following day, the second part of the Nordic Combined mandated the 15 kilometer cross-country competition. Points were awarded by timing (set number of points by timed placing). The combined points total of both events determined the final standings.
This event marked the first time the Däscher Technique was used in the ski jumping part of the Nordic Combined competition.
Medal summary
Medal table
The medals for Germany and the Soviet Union were the first for those countries in Nordic combined.
Events
Individual
Athletes did three normal hill ski jumps, with the lowest score dropped. They then raced a 15 kilometre cross-country course, with the time converted to points. The athlete with the highest combined points score was awarded the gold medal.
Participating NOCs
Thirteen nations participated in Nordic combined at the Squaw Valley Games. Australia made their Olympic Nordic combined debut.
References
External links
Sports-Reference - 1960 Olympics - Nordic Combined - Individual
1960 Winter Olympics events
1960
1960 in Nordic combined
Sports in Tahoma, California
Nordic combined competitions in the United States
Men's events at the 1960 Winter Olympics |
5391706 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy%20Leader%20of%20the%20Labour%20Party%20%28UK%29 | Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK) | The Deputy Leader of the Labour Party is the second highest ranking politician in the British Labour Party. The Deputy Leader also serves as the Deputy Chairperson of the Labour Party, and acts as Leader in the House in the event that the Leader cannot.
History
The Labour Leader does not have the power to appoint or dismiss their Deputy. The post is instead directly elected by party members, registered supporters and affiliated supporters on a one-member-one-vote basis; before 2015, it was elected using the party's former electoral college system; and before 1981, it was elected by Labour MPs.
Recently, the office of Deputy Prime Minister has been revived and held by senior politicians in the governing party. A previous Labour Deputy Leader, John Prescott, held this post from 1997 to 2007. However, the Deputy Leader is essentially a party official and there is no constitutional link between the two roles. The former Labour British Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, announced on his formal election as Labour Leader that the newly elected Deputy Leader, Harriet Harman, would instead become Party Chair. Brown subsequently appointed her Leader of the House of Commons in his first cabinet.
In the event of a vacancy in the office of Leader when the Labour Party is in opposition, the Deputy Leader automatically becomes temporary Leader of the Party until a new leader is elected. If a vacancy in the leadership occurs while the Labour Party is in government, then the Cabinet, in consultation with the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party, chooses a new leader, who serves until a new Leader is elected. Such a vacancy has occurred only twice, when Harold Wilson resigned as Leader and Prime Minister in 1976, and when Tony Blair did so in 2007, but each remained in office until, respectively, James Callaghan and Gordon Brown had been elected as successor, and so no Acting Leader was required to take over.
To date, the only Deputy Leaders who have gone on to be elected Leader of the Labour Party are Clement Attlee and Michael Foot. Margaret Beckett briefly served as Labour Leader following the unexpected death of John Smith in 1994. Harriet Harman was Leader after Gordon Brown resigned in 2010 and after Ed Miliband resigned in 2015. Conversely, John Robert Clynes served as Leader prior to becoming Deputy Leader.
List of deputy leaders of the Labour Party
Living former deputy leaders
There are five living deputy leaders. The most recent deputy leader to die was Denis Healey (1980–1983) on 3 October 2015.
See also
Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)
Deputy Leader of the Liberal Democrats
References
Labour Party (UK)-related lists |
3999139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi%20National%20River%20and%20Recreation%20Area | Mississippi National River and Recreation Area | The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area is a and protected corridor along the Mississippi River through the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metro in the U.S. state of Minnesota, from the cities of Dayton and Ramsey, to just downstream of Hastings. This stretch of the upper Mississippi River includes natural, historical, recreational, cultural, scenic, scientific, and economic resources of national significance. This area is the only national park site dedicated exclusively to the Mississippi River. The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area is sometimes abbreviated as MNRRA (often pronounced like "minn-ruh") or MISS, the four letter code assigned to the area by the National Park Service. The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area is classified as one of four national rivers in the United States, and despite its name it is technically not one of the 40 national recreation areas.
History
The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area was established in 1988 as a new unique type of national park known as a partnership park. Unlike traditional national parks, the National Park Service is not a major land owner and therefore does not have control over land use. The National Park Service works in partnership with several partners (e.g., local, state, and federal governments, non-profits, businesses, educational institutions, and individual people) who own land along the river or who have an interest in the Mississippi River to achieve the National Park Service's mission to protect and preserve for future generations. Some of the most prominent attractions within the park include the St. Anthony Falls Historic District (including Mill City Museum, the Guthrie Theater, the Stone Arch Bridge, and Mill Ruins Park), the Historic Fort Snelling and the adjacent Fort Snelling State Park, Minnehaha Falls, and the rustic Winchell Trail. There are many additional attractions, trails, and programs all within the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area. It is located in parts of Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, and Washington counties, all within the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.
As of 2016, the area has two visitor centers, one located inside the Science Museum of Minnesota in St. Paul and the other at Upper St. Anthony Falls Lock and Dam in Minneapolis, both of which are staffed by National Park Service rangers. The Minneapolis visitor center offers three free tours daily of the Upper Saint Anthony Lock and surrounding area. Each year, the rangers manage community activities, including interpretive sessions, bike rides, and movies, that help to educate the local community about the natural and human history of the area.
Sections
The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area is between River Miles 879 and 806. The National Park Service categorizes it into five approximate sections:
The Wild and Scenic River (River Mile 879 to 863) — North of the Twin Cities the river is a state wild and scenic river, slowing as it reaches the Coon Rapids Dam. This segment begins at the confluence of Crow River and the Mississippi near Ramsey and Dayton and flows to Banfil Island at Brooklyn Park and Fridley.
The River of the Falls/The Urban River (River Mile 862 to 852) — From Brooklyn Center the river approaches several falls, beginning with Saint Anthony, and enters the historic Milling District near downtown Minneapolis.
The Gorge/Where the Rivers Meet (River Mile 852 to 843) — After the Milling District, the river enters the Mississippi gorge that extends past Fort Snelling State Park to its confluence with the Minnesota River.
The Working River (River Mile 840 to 833) — From near downtown Saint Paul, the river begins to feature tow boats and barge traffic as it winds to the Pig's Eye Lake Scientific and Natural Area.
The Forested Floodplain (River Mile 833 to 806) — From South Saint Paul, the river widens further with numerous backwaters and the bluffs are higher. Past Hastings and toward the Vermillion River, the Mississippi becomes wilder again.
Places to visit
The park's website lists the following locations or features as partner sites.
See also
Geography of Minnesota
List of areas in the United States National Park System
Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway
References
External links
Mississippi National River and Recreation Area
Mississippi Park Connection
Mississippi Gorge
1988 establishments in Minnesota
Protected areas established in 1988
Protected areas of Anoka County, Minnesota
Protected areas of Dakota County, Minnesota
Protected areas of Hennepin County, Minnesota
Protected areas of Ramsey County, Minnesota
Protected areas of Washington County, Minnesota |
3999144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%20Lattemann | Hermann Lattemann | Hermann Lattemann (September 14, 1852, Gebhardshagen near Braunschweig – June 17, 1894, Krefeld) was a German balloon pilot and inventor who experimented with an early prototype of a parachute.
Together with his wife Käthe Paulus, Lattemann designed a parachute prototype in an attempt to make balloon flights safer. The main invention was to have parachutes folded and packed in bags.
Lattemann died during a test. At age 42, his parachute failed to open, although his wife's parachute did open, when they both jumped out of a balloon named "Fin de Siècle", and she watched his fall in horror. Little or no money was made from this invention following his death, but during World War I improvements made by his wife and sold as Paula's parachute, made her a fortune, lost later on due to inflation.
References
External links
History of parachute mentioning Lattemann's work
Lattemann's parachuting story (German) includes an image of Lattemann, and a depiction of the accident in the newspapers of the time.
1852 births
1894 deaths
People from Salzgitter
Parachuting
German balloonists |
3999151 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valente%20v%20R | Valente v R | Valente v R, [1985] 2 S.C.R. 673 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on protection of judicial independence under section 11(d) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Background
A Provincial Court of Ontario judge held that he could not decide a sentence appeal for a conviction of careless driving under the Ontario Highway Traffic Act because he was not in a position to judge whether he was independent, and a person charged with an offense has a right to an independent tribunal under section 11(d) of the Charter. (Upon review, appellate courts chose to interpret the judge's decision as holding that he was not sitting as an independent judge under the meaning of section 11(d) of the Charter). Section 11(d) had come into effect in 1982; until then, only higher-level judges were independent under the Constitution. The concern was that the judiciary was vulnerable to the influence of the executive of the government. Among the listed specific concerns were that the executive set the salaries, the manner in which the executive can appoint and re-appoint judges, and the fact that judges are referred to as mere "civil servants" and receive the same sick leave and insurance plans, and the fact that the legislature does not need to approve a judge being removed from the bench. (Under the Constitution Act, 1867, the removal of higher-level judges must be approved by the Parliament of Canada.)
The Court of Appeal for Ontario held that the provincial court was an independent tribunal and so did have jurisdiction.
The issue before the Supreme Court was whether a provincial court judge is sufficiently independent given their salaries and tenure.
Opinion of the Court
The Court held that provincial court judges had sufficient independence. The Court stated that a judge needs to be impartial and independent. Impartiality is "a state of mind" while independence is the quality of the relationship the judge has with the executive. The Court went on to say that even if a court acts as if it is independent, if its "objective status" does not match that of an independent court section 11(d) is triggered. Thus, section 11(d) can be considered through a test in which one asks whether it seems reasonable to believe a court is independent. This thus ensures the court has "respect and acceptance."
The Court gave three requirements for judicial independence within the meaning of section 11(d) of the Charter. There must be 1) security of tenure, 2) financial security, and 3) institutional independence in administrative matters relevant to the functioning of the judge.
On the facts, the Court found that all three requirements had been satisfied. The Court noted that difficult standards for judicial independence could not be set because section 11(d) applied to too many different types of tribunals. Thus, the degree of independence for higher-level judges under the Constitution Act, 1867 could not be found under section 11(d). The Court found that while the security of tenure of the provincial courts was not perfect, the fact that there must be a reason for the removal of a judge and that there be a review carried out not by the executive was enough.
As for salaries, Ontario at the time took recommendations from a salary commission. This was enough to suggest serious thought goes into the setting of the salaries, though the Supreme Court added such committees may not be needed in every case. The fact that there was a law ensuring judges should have remuneration was also taken as important. Regarding comparisons of judges to civil servants, the Supreme Court said that this was not meant to suggest the government has as much control over judges as over civil servants, or to devalue the role of judges. It was enough that the salaries be secure.
Finally, the Court turned to administrative independence. The Supreme Court noted the provincial courts already independently decided which judges should hear what cases. Those who questioned the independence of the provincial courts suggested the courts should also gain more control over their budgets, salaries and how judges are promoted. The Supreme Court replied more independence may be "highly desirable," but it was not "essential for purposes of s. 11(d)."
Aftermath
Judicial independence would later be extended under the Provincial Judges Reference of 1997, which followed Valente in stating that judges should enjoy administrative independence; however, this meant overturning obiter dicta in Valente that judicial salary commissions were not needed to ensure a salary is free of political manipulation.
See also
List of Supreme Court of Canada cases (Dickson Court)
Beauregard v Canada
R v Généreux
MacKeigan v Hickman
Re Therrien
Provincial Court Judges' Assn of New Brunswick v New Brunswick (Minister of Justice)
External links
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms case law
Supreme Court of Canada cases
1985 in Canadian case law |
3999168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord | Nord | Nord, a word meaning "north" in several European languages, may refer to:
Acronyms
National Organization for Rare Disorders, an American nonprofit organization
New Orleans Recreation Department, New Orleans, Louisiana, US
Film and television
Nord (1991 film), a film directed by Xavier Beauvois
Nord (2009 film), or North, a Norwegian film directed by Rune Denstad Langlo
Music
Nord (Siddharta album), 2001
Nord (Year of No Light album), 2006
Nord, an album by Luna Amară, 2018
Nord, the brand name for musical instruments produced by Clavia.
A. G. NORD, the fifth disc from the album 7G, by A. G. Cook.
Nord (Gåte album), 2021
People
Christiane Nord (born 1943), German translation scholar
Daniel Nord, Swedish civil servant
Elizabeth Nord (1902–1986), American labor organizer
, Norwegian software expert
John Nord (born 1959), American professional wrestler
(1912–2003), German anti-Nazi activist
Kathleen Nord (born 1965), German swimmer
Keith Nord (born 1957), American football player
Ole Tom Nord (born 1940), Norwegian skier
(1875–?), Danish cyclist
Pierre Nord (1900–1985), French writer and spy
Richard Nord, film editor
Thomas Nord (born 1957), German politician (Die Linke)
Walter R. Nord (born 1939), American academic
Places
Nord (Chamber of Deputies of Luxembourg constituency), an electoral constituency
Nord (French department)
Nord (Haitian department)
Nord, California, US, an unincorporated community
Nord, Greenland, a military and scientific base
Nord Region (Burkina Faso)
Nord Region (Cameroon)
Transportation
Nord (yacht), a German superyacht
Nord Aviation, a former state-owned French aircraft manufacturer
Chemins de fer du Nord, or the Nord company, a French railway company
Nord Automobiles aka Nord Motion, a Nigerian automaker
Other uses
NORD (ice hockey team), a defunct Ukrainian amateur team
Nord (novel), published in English as North, a 1960 novel by Louis-Ferdinand Céline
Nord (video game), a 2009 Facebook video game
12501 Nord, an asteroid
6th SS Mountain Division Nord, a WaffenSS division in World War II
OnePlus Nord, a smartphone 5G by OnePlus
Nords, a fictional race in the Elder Scrolls fantasy setting
See also
Gare du Nord (disambiguation)
North (disambiguation)
Norte (disambiguation), Spanish, Portuguese and Galician for north |
3999174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando%20Arce | Fernando Arce | Fernando Enrique Arce Ruiz (born 24 April 1980) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.
Club career
Arce came out of Club América's youth prospects, but never debuted there. Arce debuted for Irapuato in a game against Toluca on 28 October 2000. Arce played the last eleven minutes and helped preserve the 3-2 win over the Choriceros. After being relegated to the bench for most of his first year at Irapuato, Arce's breakout season in 2001 in which he scored two goals and had five assists helped garner attention from other teams. Prior to the Primera División de México Clausura 2002, Arce was transferred to Veracruz, where he remained until the following year. At Veracruz, he scored 8 goals while also dishing out 4 assists, asserting himself as one of the top scoring midfielders in the league. He was part of a Veracruz team that reached the league playoff semifinals in his last season at the club.
Selección de fútbol de México (Mexico national team)
Despite his success at Veracruz, the team decided let him go, and Fernando was transferred to Atlante before the Apertura 2003 season. In his lone year with the Potros, he scored seven goals and had seven assists, while playing in 40 games - all but one in which he played in its entirety. After the Clausura 2004 season in which he helped Atlante reach the quarterfinals, Arce was once again transferred, this time to Morelia.
At Morelia, Arce consolidated himself as a team leader, helping the team reach the semifinals during the Clausura 2005 season, while anchoring the midfield with three goals and two assists.
Before the Clausura 2008, Arce moved to Santos Laguna
For the Apertura 2011 he signed for newly promoted side Club Tijuana, right in his hometown. He won the Apertura 2012 title with Xolos.
He scored his first goal in the 2013 Copa Libertadores with a volley and the team went on to win 0-2 against Palmeiras.
On 23 December 2013, in a friendly match against Club America he was substituted out and his son Fernando Arce Juárez, came in as his replacement.
On 25 May 2014, Guadalajara announced Arce as their second signing for the season.
International career
Arce has also made numerous appearances for the Selección de fútbol de México (Mexico national team) under the tutelage of former head coach Ricardo LaVolpe, Hugo Sánchez and former head coach Jose Manuel de la Torre.
Against Peru on 8 June 2008, Arce scored two goals, his first multi-scoring game with the national team. Against Belize on 21 June 2008 he again scored more than once in a game with the national team.
International goals
|-
| 1. || February 28, 2007 || Qualcomm Stadium, San Diego, United States || || 2–0 || 3–1 || Friendly
|-
| 2. || July 8, 2007 || Estadio Monumental de Maturín, Maturín, Venezuela || || 4–0 || 6–0 || 2007 Copa América
|-
| 3. || June 8, 2008 || Soldier Field, Chicago, United States || || 1–0 || 4–0 || Friendly
|-
| 4. || June 8, 2008 || Soldier Field, Chicago, United States || || 4–0 || 4–0|| Friendly
|-
| 5. || June 21, 2008 || Estadio Universitario, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico || || 4–0 || 7–0 || 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification
|-
| 6. || June 21, 2008 || Estadio Universitario, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico || || 5–0 || 7–0 || 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification
|-
| 7. || September 6, 2008 || Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico || || 2–0 || 3–0 || 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification
|}
Personal life
Arce's son, Fernando Arce Jr., plays for Juarez.
Honours
Santos Laguna
Mexican Primera División: Clausura 2008
Tijuana
Liga MX: Apertura 2012
References
External links
1980 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Tijuana
Footballers from Baja California
Mexico international footballers
2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2007 Copa América players
Irapuato F.C. footballers
C.D. Veracruz footballers
Atlante F.C. footballers
Atlético Morelia players
Santos Laguna footballers
Club Tijuana footballers
C.D. Guadalajara footballers
Dorados de Sinaloa footballers
Liga MX players
Ascenso MX players
Association football midfielders
Mexican footballers |
5391716 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic%20combined%20at%20the%201964%20Winter%20Olympics | Nordic combined at the 1964 Winter Olympics | Nordic combined at the 1964 Winter Olympics consisted of one event, held 2–3 February at Seefeld in Tirol.
Medal summary
Medal table
Events
Individual
Athletes did three normal hill ski jumps, with the lowest score dropped. They then raced a 15 kilometre cross-country course, with the time converted to points. The athlete with the highest combined points score was awarded the gold medal.
Participating NOCs
Eleven nations participated in Nordic combined at the Innsbruck Games.
References
External links
Sports-Reference - 1964 Olympics - Nordic Combined - Individual
1964 Winter Olympics events
1964
1964 in Nordic combined
Nordic combined competitions in Austria
Men's events at the 1964 Winter Olympics |
5391725 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20de%20Steuben | Charles de Steuben | Charles Auguste Guillaume Steuben (April 18, 1788 – November 21, 1856), also Charles de Steuben, was a German-born French Romantic painter and lithographer active during the Napoleonic Era.
Early life
De Steuben was born the son of the Duke of Württemberg officer Carl Hans Ernst von Steuben. At the age of twelve he moved with his father, who entered Russian service as a captain, to Saint Petersburg, where he studied drawing at the Art Academy classes as a guest student.
Thanks his father's social contacts in the court of the Tsar, in the summer of 1802 he accompanied the young Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (1786–1859) and granddaughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg, to the Thuringian cultural city of Weimar, where the Tsar's daughter two years later married Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1783–1853). Steuben, then fourteen years old, was a Page at the ducal court, a position for which the career prospects would be in the military or administration.
The poet Friedrich Schiller was a family friend who at once recognized De Steuben's artistic talent and instilled in him his political ideal of free self-determination regardless of courtly constraints.
Education and training
In 1803 Steuben traveled with a letter to his friend, painter François Gérard, in Paris. Gerard took in many penniless aspiring artists and students for training. After two years of preparation, in February 1805 Steuben enrolled in the prestigious École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, where he learned from renowned teachers, including Jacques-Louis David and Pierre-Paul Prud'hon.
While working in a studio, the young art student first met the naturalist Alexander von Humboldt, whose brother Wilhelm von Humboldt was the founder of the University of Berlin. Alexander von Humboldt strongly encouraged the efforts of the Steuben family to establish themselves artistically and economically: in long letters Humboldt repeatedly asked for support for De Steuben, soliciting artistic jobs for him, including from the Prussian Minister Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
Career and travels
De Steuben in 1812 debuted at the Salon de Paris with his painting of Peter the Great in the storm on Lake Ladoga, which garnered attention in the professional world. Encouraged by this first success, Steuben continued with a number of historical paintings. In 1820 he married a portrait painter named Eleanor Trollé, whom he had met during his training. At the time of their wedding, the couple already had a son, Joseph Alexander (born 1814).
At the behest of Pierre Fontaine in 1828 de Steuben painted La Clémence de Henri IV après la Bataille d'Ivry, depicting a victorious Henry IV of France at the Battle of Ivry. De Steuben's Bataille de Poitiers, en octobre 732, painted between 1834 and 1837, shows the triumphant Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours, also known as the Battle of Poitiers. He painted Jeanne la folle around the same time and he was commissioned by Louis Philippe to paint a series of portraits of past Kings of France.
Life in the French capital was a repeated source of internal conflict for Steuben. The allure of bohemian Paris and his military-dominated upbringing made him a wanderer between worlds. As an official commitment to his adopted country he became a French citizen in 1823. However, the irregularity of his income as a freelance artist was in contrast to his sense of duty and social responsibility. To secure his family financially, he took a job as an art teacher at the École Polytechnique, where he briefly trained Gustave Courbet.
In 1840 he was awarded a gold medal at the Salon de Paris for his highly acclaimed paintings.
Later years
In 1843 Steuben went back to Russia for 11 years. In Saint Petersburg he created seven paintings for the Saint Isaac's Cathedral. After a stroke, the artist returned to Paris in 1854, a sick man, where he suffered two more strokes, and ultimately lost the ability to work. De Steuben died in 1856 at the age of 68 years in his adopted hometown of Paris.
Steuben's son Joseph Alexander was taught painting by his father, and used his parents' close ties to the Russian art scene. After studying in Paris and a two-year residency in Rome, Josep went to Saint Petersburg like his father, where he was commissioned by Tsar Nicholas I, and also produced paintings for Saint Isaac's Cathedral.
Style
The love of classical painting was a lifelong passion of Steuben. He was a close friend to Eugène Delacroix, the leader of the French Romantic school of painting, whom he portrayed several times. Steuben was also part of this artistic movement, which replaced classicism in French painting. "The painter of the Revolution," as Jacques-Louis David was called by his students, joined art with politics in his works. The subjects of his historical paintings supported historical change. He painted mainly in sharp color contrasts, heavy solid contours and clear outlines. The severity of this style led many contemporary artists - including Prud'hon - to a romanticized counter movement. They preferred the shadowy softness and gentle color gradations of Italian Renaissance painters such as Leonardo da Vinci and Antonio da Correggio, whose works they studied intensively. Also, Steuben, who had begun his training with David, felt the school was becoming increasingly rigid and dogmatic. Critics praise his deliberate compositions, excellent brush stroke and impressive color effects. But his pursuit of dramatic design of rich people also showed, at times, a pronounced tendency toward the histrionic.
Gallery
References
Leopold von Pezold: Steuben, Charles. In: General German Biography (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig, 1893, pp. 148 f
External links
1788 births
1856 deaths
18th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century French painters
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Orientalist painters
19th-century French male artists |
5391730 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty%20Two%20%28Millencolin%20song%29 | Twenty Two (Millencolin song) | "Twenty Two" is a song by the Swedish punk rock band Millencolin from the album For Monkeys. It was released as a single on 6 April 1997 by Shock Records, including two B-sides from the album's recording sessions, "Israelites" and "Vixen". These two tracks were re-released in 1999 on the compilation album The Melancholy Collection. "Twenty Two" was released only in Australia, in place of "Lozin' Must" which was released as the album's single in Europe and the United States, because "Lozin' Must" contained profanity.
Track listing
"Twenty Two"
"Israelites" (originally performed by Desmond Dekker)
"Vixen"
Personnel
Millencolin
Nikola Sarcevic - lead vocals, bass
Erik Ohlsson - guitar
Mathias Färm - guitar
Fredrik Larzon - drums
References
Millencolin songs
1997 singles
1997 songs
Song articles with missing songwriters |
5391734 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold%20River%20%28Connecticut%20River%20tributary%29 | Cold River (Connecticut River tributary) | The Cold River is a river in western New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Connecticut River, which flows to Long Island Sound.
The Cold River begins at the outlet of Crescent Lake in the northeastern corner of the town of Acworth. The river flows east into the town of Lempster, then turns south and reenters Acworth. When Dodge Brook joins the river, it turns west and makes its way to the Connecticut River, passing the villages of South Acworth, Alstead, and Drewsville. The river reaches the Connecticut just south of the communities of Bellows Falls, Vermont, and North Walpole, New Hampshire.
In October 2005, flooding on the Cold River and its tributaries caused severe damage in the towns of Alstead, Acworth, and Walpole.
Tributaries
(from upstream to downstream)
Dodge Brook (from east, near East Acworth)
Honey Brook (from southeast, between East Acworth and South Acworth)
Bowers Brook (from north, in South Acworth village)
Great Brook (from south, below South Acworth)
Warren Brook (in Alstead)
Great Brook (from north, in Langdon)
See also
List of rivers of New Hampshire
References
Rivers of New Hampshire
Tributaries of the Connecticut River
Rivers of Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Rivers of Cheshire County, New Hampshire |
5391754 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoran%20Stankovi%C4%87 | Zoran Stanković | Zoran Stanković (, ; 9 November 1954 – 5 October 2021) was a Serbian major-general and politician. He served as the Minister of Defence in the Government of Serbia and the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro and Minister of Health in the Government of Serbia. His affiliation was independent.
Early life and career
Zoran Stanković was born in the village of Tegovište, Vladičin Han, Yugoslavia. He graduated from the Medicine Faculty at the University of Niš. He finished his Postgraduate Medicine studies at Military Medical Academy in 1997.
Stanković had been a member of the Yugoslav Committee for the Collection of Data on Investigations of Crimes against Humanity and International Law since 1993. In December 1997, he formed a team to investigate the consequences of the NATO bombing of Republika Srpska on suspicion of using depleted uranium missiles. He was a member of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. He is one of the most respected forensic scientists and pathologists in Serbia, and since 1995 he has worked as a United Nations expert. He testified before the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in several cases.
He worked as a coroner doctor and became the head manager of Military Medical Academy in 2002. He held this position until 2005 when he was elected to replace Prvoslav Davinić as the new Defense Minister.
Stankovic died from COVID-19 on 5 October 2021, in Belgrade during the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. He was 66 years old.
Politics
In 2005, he was elected a Minister of Defence, and held this position until 2007, when he was replaced by Dragan Šutanovac. He also served as the Minister of Health from 2011 to 2012.
He ran for president at the 2012 Serbian presidential election as the candidate of the United Regions of Serbia, and he finished fifth in the first round with 6.58% of the votes.
In early November 2012, the Government of Serbia appointed him head of the Coordination Body for Bujanovac, Preševo and Medveđa.
Selected works
Stanković, Z., Kovačević, V., Karan, Ž., Milosavljević, I., Tatić, V. (1991) "MORFOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE BLAST POVREDA POGINULIH U OKLOPNIM VOZILIMA“, Vojnosanitetski pregled, Beograd, 48:6, 531-534.
Stanković, Z., Kovačević, V., Domijan, E., Milosavljević, I., Nikolić, M., Nikolić, K., Karan, Ž. (1992) "THE IDENTIFICATION OF CARBONIZED, PUTREFIED, SLAUGHTERED, DECOMPOSED AND FROZEN BODIES“, INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION AND JURISDICTION, Budapest, 10-13.
Stanković, Z. (1992) "SUDSKO - MEDICINSKA OBDUKCIJA U DOKAZIVANJU ZLOČINA“, SANU, Naučni skupovi; knj. 69, Odeljenje istorijskih nauka, knj. 22, Beograd, 363 - 372.
Stanković, Z. (1992) "SUDSKO-MEDICINSKA EKSPERTIZA DVADESET ČETVORO UBIJENIH GRAĐANA IZ GOSPIĆA I OKOLINE“, Vojnosanitetski pregled, Beograd, 49:2,143-169.
Stanković, Z., Kovačević, V., Nikolić, M., Milosavljević, I., Domijan, E., Karan, Ž. (1992) "RAD SUDSKO-MEDICINSKE EKIPE U VUKOVARU“, Dies medicinae forensis, Niš, 6-7 November.
Stanković, Z., Janković, M. (2001), "MRTVI VEČNA OPOMENA ŽIVIMA“, Edicija zbivanja i svedočenja, Bibloteka Matice srpske, Beograd - Pale, 434 str.
Janković, M., Stanković, Z., Jeftić, M., Mikić, Đ.(1995), "ZLOČIN ČEKA KAZNU“, Edicija zbivanja i svedočenja, Biblioteka Matice srpske, Novi Sad, 301 str.
Dimitrijević, J., Stanković, Z., Popović, Z., Kovačević, Z., Škatarić, V., Milosavljević, I., Gligić, A. (2004) "SIGNIFICANCE OF PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS OF HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN AUTOPSY MATERIAL“, Poster presentation II Intercontinental Congress of pathology, Iguassu Falls, Brazil, 1326, A 06.110, 72.
Stanković, Z. (2000) "EKSPERTIZA MOŠTIJU S PREVLAKE“, Publikacija "Prevlaka Svetog Arhangela Mihaila - Humak Srpske duhovnosti“, Beograd, 99-107.
Kovačević, V., Knežević-Ušaj, S., Milosavljević, I., Stanković, Z., Brđović, J. (1994) "A propos one suicidal dimethoate poisoning“, Arch Toxicol Kinet Xenobiot Metab, Vol 2, No 2, 193.
See also
Military of Serbia
References
External links
ЗОРАН СТАНКОВИЋ, биографија на сајту Криминалистичко-полицијска академија
125 година Војне болнице у Нишу, Сретен Миленковић, Милорад Димић, Ниш:Војна болница;Зрењанин Југоремедија; Бечеј:Пролетер, 2004(Бечеј Пролетер).116 стр
1954 births
2021 deaths
People from Vladičin Han
Government ministers of Serbia
Serbia and Montenegro politicians
University of Niš alumni
Candidates for President of Serbia
Defence ministers of Serbia
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia
Burials at Belgrade New Cemetery |
5391758 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media%20in%20Atlanta | Media in Atlanta | The following is a list of media in Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
Print
Daily
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Atlanta Voice
Fulton County Daily Report
Weekly
Atlanta Business Chronicle
Atlanta Inquirer
The Atlanta Jewish Times
The Emory Wheel
The Signal
The Technique
Monthly
Creative Loafing
Barbershop Digest
The Southerner
Suburban
Acción Deportes
Gwinnett Daily Post
Marietta Daily Journal
El Nuevo Georgia
Defunct
Atlanta Constitution
Atlanta Georgian
Atlanta Journal
Atlanta Southern Confederacy
Daily Examiner
Daily Intelligencer
The Great Speckled Bird
Southern Voice
The Sunny South
Magazines
Art Papers
Atlanta
Atlanta History
David Atlanta
FENUXE
Jezebel
Broadcast radio
The Atlanta metropolitan area is currently the ninth-largest radio market in the United States as ranked by Nielsen Media Research. The following list includes full-power stations licensed to Atlanta proper, in addition to area suburbs.
Currently, radio stations that primarily serve the Atlanta metropolitan area include:
AM stations
FM stations
Asterisk (*) indicates a non-commercial (public radio/campus/educational) broadcast.
88.5 WRAS Atlanta (College/NPR/GPB)*
89.1 WBCX Gainesville (College/variety)*
89.3 WRFG Atlanta (College/freeform)*
90.1 WABE Atlanta (NPR/classical)*
90.5 WUWG Carrollton (NPR/GPB)*
90.7 WUOG Athens (College/freeform)*
91.1 WREK Atlanta (College/freeform)*
91.5 WWEV-FM Cumming (Christian)*
91.7 WUGA Athens (NPR/GPB)*
91.7 WCCV Cartersville (Christian)*
91.9 WCLK Atlanta (NPR/jazz)*
92.9 WZGC Atlanta (Sports)
93.3 WVFJ-FM Greenville (Contemporary Christian)*
94.1 WSTR Smyrna (Rhythmic AC)
94.9 WUBL Atlanta (Country)
95.5 WSBB-FM Doraville (Talk)
96.1 WWPW Atlanta (Contemporary hit radio)
96.7 WBZW Union City (Spanish contemporary)
97.1 WSRV Gainesville (Classic hits)
97.5 WUMJ Fayetteville (Urban AC)
98.5 WSB-FM Atlanta (Adult contemporary)
99.1 WIEH-LP Marietta (LPFM/Brazilian Portuguese Christian)*
99.3 WCON-FM Cornelia (Classic country)
99.7 WWWQ Atlanta (Contemporary hit radio)
100.1 WNSY Talking Rock (Regional Mexican)
100.5 WNNX College Park (Mainstream rock)
101.5 WKHX-FM Marietta (Country)
102.3 WLKQ-FM Buford (Regional Mexican)
102.5 WPZE Mableton (Gospel)
103.3 WVEE Atlanta (Urban contemporary)
103.7 WPCG-LP Canton (LPFM/Christian)*
104.1 WALR-FM Palmetto (Urban AC)
104.7 WFSH-FM Athens (Contemporary Christian)
105.3 WRDG Bowdon (Urban contemporary)
105.7 WBZY Canton (Spanish contemporary)
106.7 WAKL Gainesville (K-Love)*
107.1 WTSH-FM Rockmart (Regional Mexican)
107.5 WAMJ Roswell (Urban AC)
107.9 WHTA Hampton (Mainstream urban)
Defunct
WGHR/Marietta (1981–2004)
WGM/Atlanta (1922–23)
WHIE/Griffin (1954–2020)
WMLB/Cumming (1961–2003)
WSB-FM (104.5)/Atlanta (1948–52)
WTJH/East Point (1950–2010)
Television
The Atlanta metropolitan area is currently defined by Nielsen Media Research as the seventh-largest television market in the United States, with all of the major U.S. television networks having affiliates serving the region.
Atlanta is a major cable television programming center. Ted Turner began the Turner Broadcasting System in Atlanta in 1970 with his takeover of WJRJ-TV, renamed WTCG in 1970 and WTBS in 1979; WTBS became a pioneer "superstation" distributed to cable operators internationally, eventually yielding TBS. Ted established CNN in 1980, long headquartered at the CNN Center. Most of Turner's other networks—including Cartoon Network/Adult Swim, Boomerang, TNT, Turner Sports, Turner Classic Movies, HLN and CNN International—continue to be based in Atlanta. The Weather Channel has its offices and studios in nearby Cumberland. The first nationwide music video programming on cable television, Video Concert Hall, was created in Atlanta.
Currently, television stations that primarily serve the Atlanta metropolitan area include:
Broadcast
2 WSB-TV Atlanta (ABC)
4 WUVM-LD Atlanta (Azteca América)*
5 WAGA-TV Atlanta (Fox)*
6 WTBS-LD Atlanta (Estrella TV)
8 WGTV Athens (PBS-GPB)
11 WXIA-TV Atlanta (NBC)
14 WPXA-TV Rome (Ion Television)*
16 WYGA-CD Atlanta (BeIN Sports)
17 WPCH-TV Atlanta (Independent)
22 WSKC-CD Atlanta (KBS World)
28 WDWW-LD Cleveland (CBN News)
29 WANN-CD Atlanta (Independent)
30 WABE-TV Atlanta (PBS)
34 WUVG-DT Athens (Univision)*
35 WDTA-LD Atlanta (Daystar)*
36 WATL Atlanta (MyNetworkTV)
40 WIRE-CD Atlanta (Infomercials)
42 WTHC-LD Atlanta (Tourism info)
45 W45DX-D Atlanta (HSN)
46 WGCL-TV Atlanta (CBS)
47 WKTB-CD Norcross (Telemundo)
57 WATC-DT Atlanta (Independent)
63 WHSG-TV Monroe (TBN)*
69 WUPA Atlanta (The CW)*
Asterisk (*) indicates channel is a network owned-and-operated station.
Cable
Atlanta Interfaith Broadcasters
Bally Sports South
Bally Sports Southeast
CobbTV
Cobb edTV
People TV
Internet
Publishing
Atlanta Daily World
Patch
Radio
WMRE
See also
List of Atlanta broadcast stations by location
Georgia media
List of newspapers in Georgia (U.S. state)
List of radio stations in Georgia (U.S. state)
List of television stations in Georgia (U.S. state)
Media of cities in Georgia: Athens, Augusta, Columbus, Macon, Savannah
References
External links
Atlanta Historic Newspapers Archive Digital Library of Georgia
Southern Israelite Archive Digital Library of Georgia
Atlanta |
5391763 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Ducas%20%28singer%29 | George Ducas (singer) | George Ducas is an American country music singer and songwriter, and musician, known for his pioneering neo-traditional blend of modern-day and roots country music. He has released four studio albums: 1994's George Ducas, 1997's Where I Stand, 2013's 4340 and 2019's Yellow Rose Motel. His first two albums charted six consecutive singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart, the highest being his signature hit "Lipstick Promises" which reached No. 9 and was also a No. 1 CMT video. Ducas returned to the No. 1 spot on CMT with his 2019 single "Eastwood."
In addition to his own career, Ducas is an accomplished songwriter having written songs and hit singles for Garth Brooks, The Chicks, Gary Allan, the Randy Rogers Band, George Jones, Eli Young Band, Josh Thompson, and Sara Evans. To date, Ducas’ four studio albums, along with his songwriting credits, comprise a career yielding sales of more than 20 million, two #1 CMT videos, and a GRAMMY nomination.
Ducas continues to tour nationally and internationally including Ireland, Brazil, the UK, Sweden, France, and Japan.
Early life
George Ducas was born in Galveston, Texas and was raised in his early years by his father Steve (an Exxon chemical engineer) and his mother Irene (a teacher and a poet) in nearby Texas City, Texas. When he was 5, his parents divorced and he spent the next five years in California with his mother, who gave him his first guitar. He then moved back to Houston, Texas to live with his father and stepmother to attend middle school and high school. Ducas attended Lamar High School in Houston and afterward attended Vanderbilt University, graduating with a degree in economics. After working six months at an Atlanta bank, he quit and relocated to Nashville to pursue a full-time career in music. "Doing something you love is much more important, even if it's a little more dangerous," Ducas told the Times Leader of Wilkes Barre, PA in 1997.
Musical career
Upon his move to Music City, Ducas performed in Nashville area clubs by night and honed his songwriting skills by day. 1994 saw Ducas score both his first hit as a songwriter as well as his own record deal. As a songwriter, Radney Foster took "Just Call Me Lonesome", a song Ducas co-wrote, into the Top Ten on the country charts. A review of "Just Call Me Lonesome" in Cash Box was positive, stating "Described as a classic shuffle in the tradition of Ray Price or Buck Owens, 'Just Call Me Lonesome' is also reminiscent of Dwight Yoakam's 'Guitars, Cadillacs'. Good Bakersfield sound." Later that year, Ducas signed a record deal with Liberty Records.
1995 - 1996: George Ducas
Ducas' debut single "Teardrops" became a Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts. "Lipstick Promises" followed in early 1995 reaching all the way to #9 leading the way to the release of his eponymous self-titled debut album. George Ducas also produced the No. 52 "Hello Cruel World" and the No. 72 "Kisses Don't Lie".
1997 - 2000: Where I Stand
Due to a restructuring of Liberty Records, Ducas was transferred to Capitol Records Nashville. Prior to his sophomore album's release, Ducas spent time in Bakersfield, CA with one of his songwriting & musical heroes, Buck Owens, where the country music legend took keen interest in Ducas and his music. Buck would continue to reach out and stay in touch even after Ducas returned to Nashville.
Initially Ducas' sophomore album Where I Stand was slated for release in 1996, however some record label shuffling pushed the release into the following year kicking off with the lead single "Every Time She Passes By” followed by “Long Trail Of Tears”. Ducas enlisted Vince Gill to feature his accompanying background vocals on the album. Ducas continued to perform live headlining his own shows and opening for such acts as Alan Jackson, Toby Keith, Mary Chapin Carpenter, Diamond Rio, The Mavericks and Faith Hill. He also made his debut on the Grand Ole Opry.
2000 - 2013: Songwriting Success
While Ducas continued to tour incessantly, he began notching numerous hits as a songwriter for artists such as Garth Brooks, Sara Evans, Eli Young Band, Randy Rogers Band, Gary Allan, The Chicks, Trisha Yearwood and more. One of his songs - "Beer Run (B Double E Double Are You In?)", a Top 30 duet for Garth Brooks and George Jones - earned a GRAMMY nomination in the process.
In 2005, Ducas and Radney Foster co-wrote the No. 1 hit "A Real Fine Place to Start" for Sara Evans which led to Ducas spending the latter half of 2007 opening shows for her. Other singles that Ducas has co-written include fellow Texas Music artists Randy Rogers Band's 2007 single "Kiss Me in the Dark" and the Eli Young Band's 2008 single "Always the Love Songs," the latter of which he co-wrote with David Lee Murphy. He also co-wrote Josh Thompson's "Won't Be Lonely Long".
2013 - 2017: 4340
In October 2013, Ducas released 4340 through the newly created independent label Loud Ranch. Supporting the album with a tour that centered around Texas and Oklahoma but reached as far as Japan, Ducas experienced major radio airplay in Texas with four singles from the album in “Breakin’ Stuff,” “CowTown,” and the Top 40 Music Row chart hits “LoveStruck” and “All Kinds Of Crazy”. In 2016, Ducas released the single "Party with Your Boots On" which was licensed to the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo as their first official artist theme song on a limited term usage agreement.
2017 - 2020: Yellow Rose Motel
Following digital releases of select songs throughout 2019, Ducas’ fourth studio album Yellow Rose Motel was released in January 2020. In addition to writing and recording the album in several Nashville recording sessions throughout 2017 and 2018, Ducas also co-produced the album. Yellow Rose Motel was released to resounding critical acclaim including high praise in both the UK and Australia. The song “Eastwood”, the first of three music videos from the album, became Ducas’ second #1 CMT video and remained in the top spot for three weeks. Like much of the entertainment world, the COVID-19 pandemic affected Ducas, which included the cancellation of tours and tabling promotion of Yellow Rose Motel.
2020 - present
In 2020, as a celebration of the 25th anniversary of his biggest hit, Ducas went back into the studio and recorded a new version of "Lipstick Promises." American Songwriter Magazine called the new version 'a fun re-work' as "...the new version now features a little more energy as George kicked the tempo up a couple of notches. It hasn’t changed per se, it just sounds a little more like he plays it when he’s live onstage."
Currently, Ducas is writing and recording a new album and plans to release it in 2021 when conditions allow.
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
Music videos
External links
Official website of George Ducas
References
1971 births
American country singer-songwriters
American male singer-songwriters
American alternative country singers
Living people
People from Texas City, Texas
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Capitol Records artists
Liberty Records artists
Country musicians from Texas |
5391769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uradhi%20language | Uradhi language | Urradhi is a Paman language of the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia, and is apparently extinct. It was spoken by the Urradhi people. Urradhi proper is the south-western dialect of the language. The name is composed of urra "this" and the proprietive dhi "having". The south-eastern dialect of the same language, Wudhadhi, is made of the same elements, wudha being "this". These are part of a group of closely related and highly mutually intelligible dialects, these being Angkamuthi to the north of Urradhi, Atampaya inland from these, Utudhanamu inland north from Atampaya, Yantaykenu further north, being the language of the Bamaga area, Yadhaykenu on the east coast north of Wudhadhi, and Yaraytyana further north again. (Adyinuri/Itinadyana may have been another.) This group has no common language name, though Urradhi is commonly used as a cover name. It is unknown when it became extinct.
The Urradhi dialects are closely related to the Gudang language (Pantyinamu/Yatay/Gudang/Kartalaiga and other clan names), formerly spoken on the tip of Cape York.
The traditional language region includes north of Mapoon and Duyfken Point and east of the coast strip to the north of Port Musgrave (Angkamuthi country) incorporating the mouth of the Ducie River, the lower reaches of the Dulhunty River and the upper reaches of the Skardon River in the north. Following the displacement of Indigenous people by British settlement, it was also spoken in the Northern Peninsula Area Region including the communities of New Mapoon, Injinoo and Cowal Creek.
Phonology
Vowels
Uradhi has seven phonemic vowels:
Consonants
Uradhi has 18 consonants:
References
Notes
General
Northern Paman languages
Extinct languages of Queensland |
5391776 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Perth | History of Perth | History of Perth can refer to:
History of Perth, Scotland
History of Perth, Western Australia |
3999176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada%20at%20the%201908%20Summer%20Olympics | Canada at the 1908 Summer Olympics | Canada competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom.
Medalists
Results by event
Athletics
Running
Jumping
Throwing
Cycling
Canada's best cycling result was a bronze medal won in the team pursuit.
Diving
Fencing
Canada's lone épéeist was eliminated in the first round
Gymnastics
Lacrosse
Canada won the only lacrosse match played in 1908 against Great Britain, earning the gold medal.
Rowing
Shooting
Swimming
Tennis
Wrestling
Notes
References
sports-reference
Nations at the 1908 Summer Olympics
1908
Olympics |
3999181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke%20of%20Roxburgh%20%28ship%29 | Duke of Roxburgh (ship) | Duke of Roxburgh was launched in 1828 at Newcastle upon Tyne. Initially she traded with India, but later she often sailed between Great Britain and her Australasian colonies carrying emigrants. She was wrecked in 1864.
Career
Initially, Duke of Roxburgh traded with India. The Register of Shipping (1829) gives her master as Brown, her owner as Pirie and Co., and her trade as London – Madras.
Duke of Roxburgh was one of the earliest immigrant ships to Port Phillip, South Australia, and New Zealand. Her owner in 1840 was J. Somes, changing to Collard, and her master was Drainer.
She left London on 12 April 1838 and arrived at Kingscote on 24 July and Holdfast Bay, South Australia on 28 July. She was carrying 84 passengers (65 adults and 19 children).
Then on 5 October 1839 she sailed from Plymouth to Wellington under James Thomson, master. At Stephen's Island Thomson fell overboard and drowned. The mate, Mr. Leslie, brought Duke of Roxburgh into Port Nicholson, where she arrived on 7 February 1840. This voyage to Wellington made her the third migrant ship to arrive there. On board were 80 male migrants, including George Hunter, Samuel Duncan Parnell, and William Lyon, and 87 female migrants.
On 1 August 1841, she again left London, stopping at Cork on 1 September and then arriving at Sydney on 10 January 1842. On board were 105 male and 142 female passengers, predominantly migrants.
On 7 May 1843, Duke, as she was affectionately known to crew and passengers, sailed under Captain Collard from England with Francis Russell Nixon, the first Anglican Bishop of Tasmania, his wife and family, and Archdeacon Fitzherbert Marriott, together with six other cabin passenger including John Helder Wedge and the future squatter Henry Godfrey. Sailing via Trinidade, Ascension Island, and Cape Colony, Duke reached Hobart Town, Van Diemen’s Land, on 21 July 1843. On 7 December 1843 she was at the Hobart Regatta, her rigging gaily decorated with flags and signals. She left Hobart Town the following January and arrived at Gravesend on 5 June 1844.
Duke of Roxburgh sailed again from Gravesend on 31 October 1846 and arrived at Port Phillip on 7 March 1847. On 12 November Duke of Roxburg sailed from Sydney with 162 passengers for San Francisco, drawn by the news of the discovery of gold in California.
Under the command of Capt E. Kirsopp, she left Amoy on 16 August 1851 and arrived at Moreton Bay on 8 November 1851, having touched at Ascension Island. Her passengers were 227 Chinese labourers. She departed again on 26 November 1851 for Sydney with passengers Mrs Swift, Miss Douglass, Mrs Gray, Mr Coxen, Mr Issac, Mr McDonald, and Mr R. Moore.
Fate
Duke of Roxburgh was wrecked in 1864.
Citations and references
Citations
References
Brett, Henry (1928) The Amelia Thompson, White Wings Vol II. Founding Of The Provinces And Old-Time Shipping. Passenger Ships From 1840 To 1885. (Auckland: Brett Printing).
Barques
1828 ships
Maritime incidents in 1864
Migrant ships to Australia
Migrant ships to New Zealand |
5391778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Smith%20%28sculptor%29 | Tony Smith (sculptor) | Anthony Peter Smith (September 23, 1912 – December 26, 1980) was an American sculptor, visual artist, architectural designer, and a noted theorist on art. He is often cited as a pioneering figure in American Minimalist sculpture.
Education and early life
Smith was born in South Orange, New Jersey, to a waterworks manufacturing family started by his grandfather and namesake, A. P. Smith. Tony contracted tuberculosis around 1916, which lasted through much of elementary school. In an effort to speed his recovery, protect his immune system, and protect his siblings, his family constructed a one-room prefabricated house in the backyard. He had a full-time nurse and had tutors to keep up with his school work; he sporadically attended Sacred Heart Elementary School in Newark. His medicine came in little boxes which he used to form cardboard constructions. Sometimes he visited the waterworks factory, marveling at the industrial production, machines and fabrication processes.
Smith commuted to St. Francis Xavier High School, a Jesuit high school in New York City. In the spring and summer of 1931 he attended Fordham University, and in the fall enrolled at Georgetown University. Smith was disillusioned with formal education, and returned to New Jersey in January 1932, where, during the Great Depression, he opened a second-hand bookstore in Newark on Broad Street. From 1934 to 1936, he worked days at the family factory and attended evening courses at the Art Students League of New York where he studied anatomy with George Bridgman, drawing and watercolor with George Grosz, and painting with Vaclav Vytlacil. In 1937, he moved to Chicago intending to study architecture at the New Bauhaus, where he readily absorbed the interdisciplinary curriculum but was ultimately disillusioned. The following year, Smith began working for Frank Lloyd Wright's Ardmore Project near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he began as a carpenter helper and bricklayer, and eventually was named Clerk-of-the-Works. After a brief period with Wright in Taliesin, Wisconsin, Smith worked building the Armstrong house in Ogden Dunes, Indiana. This period ended when his mother fell ill in 1940 and Smith returned to New Jersey. His father died suddenly on December 1 of that year.
Career
In 1940, Smith began his career as an independent architectural designer, which lasted until the early 1960s. He built approximately twenty private homes and envisioned many unrealized projects, such as the 1950 Model Roman Catholic Church, with paintings on glass by Jackson Pollock (1950). His work included homes for many in the art community, including Fritz Bultman (1945), Theodoros Stamos, Fred Olsen (1951), and Betty Parsons (1959-60). Despite these successes, the architect-client relationship frustrated Smith enough that he gravitated toward his artwork.
Smith returned to the East Coast after two years in Hollywood, California (1943–45) and began teaching, while developing architectural projects, at the same time as developing various theoretical ideas and painting abstractly. He became a central member of the New York School community, with ties ranging from Gerome Kamrowski to Jackson Pollock, Barnett Newman and Mark Rothko.
He lived in Germany and traveled extensively in Europe from 1953 to 1955, accompanying his wife Jane who was there as an opera singer. There he developed a new group of architectural projects and painted extensively, including the landmark group of Louisenberg paintings (1953–1955). Chiara "Kiki" Smith was born in 1954, when they were living in Nuremberg. Twins Beatrice (Bebe) and Seton were born after the family returned to South Orange, in 1955.
Smith taught architecture and design-related classes at the Delahanty Institute (1956–57) and Pratt Institute (1957–1959), where he developed Throne (1956). This critical early work developed from a class assignment for students at Pratt to determine the simplest possible three-dimensional joint that could be stacked for more than two levels. Smith enhanced the geometrical solution of four triangular prisms by adding another joint, resulting in a new form with seven triangular prisms enclosing two tetrahedra. After some time passed, he decided that the resulting form was something other than a design exercise, so titled it Throne because the symmetrical abstraction reminded him of the dense volume of an African beaded throne.
Smith joined the faculty at Bennington College, Vermont. In 1960 a class project investigating close-packed cells based on D'Arcy Thompson's book Growth & Form (1918) sparked Smith's search for artistic inspiration in the natural world. The resulting agglomeration of 14-sided tetrakaidecahedrons, the ideally efficient soap-bubble cell, is known as the Bennington Structure. This was the first time Smith saw the impact that enlarged geometric shapes could have as independent but architecturally scaled forms - as sculpture.
While recovering from an automobile accident at home in 1961, Smith started to create small sculptural maquettes using agglomerations of tetrahedrons and octahedrons. By 1962 he was teaching at Hunter College. In this year he created Black Box, his first fabricated steel sculpture. The dense rectangular prism, less than two feet high, developed from a mundane object, a 3 x 5" file card box that Smith saw on the desk of his Eugene Goossen, his colleague and friend. Smith enlarged the proportions of the box five times, like a recent class assignment. He phoned a local fabricator, Industrial Welding, whose billboard he had seen while driving on the New Jersey Turnpike and asked them to deliver it to his suburban home. Although the welders assumed he was crazed, they treated the project with the utmost workmanship and the result was a stunning form to Smith. With this piece, entitled Black Box, Smith had discovered a sculpting process that he continued to hone. Where others saw a pure geometric shape, Smith saw it as a mysterious form. The title alluded to the corrupt administration of New York mayor Jimmy Walker (1926–32), when contractors would drop bribes into a slot in a "black"box. is Black Box was set on the site of the black wood-burning stove in the little house he had lived in as a small child, so it functioned as a kind of gravestone. It was deliberately placed on a thin base of two-by-four inch plywood pieces to call attention to its status as a work of art.
In 1962, he made Die, a 6' steel cube that established his reputation as one of the most influential and important artists of his time. The Elevens Are Up (1963) follows formally on Die. Inspired by the two veins on the back of the neck which are accentuated when one has had too much to drink, the sculpture consists of two black steel masses installed face to face, four feet apart. Fabricated in steel and weighing over 12,000 pounds, the later Source (1967) is a monumental sculpture which Smith first exhibited at documenta IV in Kassel, Germany in the summer of 1968. After exhibiting massive, black-painted plywood and metal works at several sites across the United States and internationally, Smith was featured on the October 13, 1967 cover of Time with his plywood structure Smoke (1967) enveloping the atrium of the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington.
Allied with the minimalist school, Smith worked with simple geometrical modules combined on a three-dimensional grid, creating drama through simplicity and scale. During the 1940s and 1950s Smith became close friends with Barnett Newman, Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, and Clyfford Still. His sculpture shows their abstract influence. One of Smith's unrealized architectural projects in 1950 was a plan for a church that was to have painted glass panels designed in collaboration with his friend Pollock.
Smith also taught at various institutions including New York University, Cooper Union, Pratt Institute, Bennington College, and Hunter College, where he mentored artists such as Pat Lipsky.
Smith was asked to teach a sculpture course at the University of Hawaii in Manoa during the summer of 1969. He designed two unrealized works, Haole Crater (a recessed garden) and Hubris, but eventually created The Fourth Sign that was sited on the campus. His Hawaii experience also generated fodder for his "For..." series whose initials are friends and artists he met during his time in Manoa.
As a leading sculptor in the 1960s and 1970s, Smith is often typically associated with the Minimalist art movement.
Exhibitions
Smith's first exhibitions were in 1964, and he had his first one-person exhibition in 1966. That same year, was asked to anchor the seminal 1966 show at the Jewish Museum in New York entitled Primary Structures, one of the most important exhibitions of the 1960s. Smith's museum debut as a sculptor of large-scale, geometric sculpture was at the Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut, and the Institute of Contemporary Art, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (1966), followed by a nationwide traveling exhibition that began at the Andrew Dickson White House, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York (1968), and a New Jersey–based traveling show organized by the Newark Museum and New Jersey State Council on the Arts (1970).
A major retrospective, "Tony Smith: Architect, Painter, Sculptor," was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1998, including his architecture, painting, and sculpture. A European retrospective followed in 2002, arranged by the Institut Valencià d'Art Modern, Spain and the Menil Collection, Houston, organized a retrospective of Smith's works on paper in 2010. Smith was also included in a Guggenheim International Exhibition, New York (1967); the Venice Biennale (1968); documenta 4, Kassel, Germany (1968); Whitney Annual, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (1966, 1970, and 1971); and Whitney Biennial, New York (1973).
September 23, 2012 marked the one hundredth anniversary of Smith's birth. Institutions around the world celebrated his centennial with special events, including a daylong symposium at the National Gallery of Art, a panel discussion at the Seattle Art Museum, an outdoor sculpture installation at Bryant Park in New York, and the exhibition "Kiki Smith, Seton Smith, Tony Smith: A Family of Artists", which opened at the Kunsthalle Bielefeld, Germany, that day.
Collections
Smith's work is included in most leading international public collections, including the Museum of Modern Art, New York; Menil Collection, Houston; the Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection, Albany, NY; Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebæk, Denmark; and the Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, the Netherlands. In 2003, the National Gallery of Art in Washington acquired one of four casts of Smith's first steel sculpture, Die, created in 1962 and fabricated in 1968, from Paula Cooper Gallery.<ref>Vogel, Carol. "Inside Art" New York Times'. 2 May 2003'.</ref>Smoke (1967) currently fills the 60-foot high atrium leading into the Los Angeles County Museum of Art’s Ahmanson Building; the museum purchased the work in 2010.
The estate of Tony Smith is currently represented by Pace Gallery in New York.
Private life
Smith met his wife, opera singer and actress Jane Lawrence, in New York in 1943. They moved to Los Angeles and were married in Santa Monica, with Tennessee Williams as the only witness.
He was the father of artists Chiara "Kiki" Smith, Seton Smith, and the underground actress Beatrice "Bebe" Smith (Seton's twin, who died in 1988).
In 1961, Smith was injured in a car accident and subsequently developed polycythemia, a blood condition which produces a large number of red blood cells. His health was always in question and deteriorated until he succumbed to a heart attack at age 68 on December 26, 1980. At the time of his death, he and his family resided in South Orange, New Jersey.
See also
Environmental sculpture
List of sculptures by Tony Smith
The Tony Smith Artist Research Project
References
Further reading
Busch, Julia M., A Decade of Sculpture: the New Media in the 1960s (The Art Alliance Press: Philadelphia; Associated University Presses: London, 1974)
Charlot, John, "Tony Smith in Hawai'i", The Journal of Intercultural Studies, University of Hawai'i Press, No. 30 2003
Shortliffe, Mark (coordinator), Not an Object. Not a Monument. The Complete Large-Scale Sculpture of Tony Smith (Matthew Marks Gallery: New York; 2007)
Storr, Robert, Tony Smith: Architect Painter Sculptor (Museum of Modern Art: New York; 1998)
Chasnick, Ilya, Ellsworth Kelly, Kasimir Malevich, Ad Reinhardt, David Smith, and Tony Smith. "Of Absence and Presence: April 23-May 24, 1986." (Kent Fine Art: New York; 1986).
Thalacker, Donald W. The Place of Art in the World of Architecture'', Chelsea House Publishers, New York, 1980. .
External links
www.tonysmithestate.com
Tony Smith Biography @ artnet.com
Tony Smith Biography @ nga.gov
Time Magazine Oct 13, 1967
Free Ride in situ at Clos Pegase
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century American male artists
American male sculptors
American abstract artists
American contemporary artists
Contemporary sculptors
Minimalist artists
Modern artists
1912 births
1980 deaths
Sculptors from New Jersey
Art Students League of New York alumni
Georgetown University alumni
Hunter College faculty
People from South Orange, New Jersey
Sculptors from New York (state) |
3999185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syl%20Apps%20Jr. | Syl Apps Jr. | Sylvanus Marshall Apps (born August 1, 1947) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who played 10 seasons in the National Hockey League for the New York Rangers, Los Angeles Kings and Pittsburgh Penguins. Apps was born in Toronto, Ontario. He was the son of Hockey Hall of Fame member Syl Apps.
Playing career
Apps played in the inaugural 1960 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with the Scarboro Lions. He was originally drafted by the New York Rangers in 1964 but did not play his first big league season until 1970. That season, he was traded to the Pittsburgh Penguins, the team with which he made his mark, becoming one of the franchise's first stars. Between 1973 and 1976, Apps centered the Century Line with left wing Lowell MacDonald and right wing Jean Pronovost. He led the team in scoring three times and was named to play in the 1975 All-Star Game. Apps set a team record with 59 points in 1971–72, broke his own record in 1972–73 with 85 points, and tied that in 1973–74. Apps's best season was 1975–76, when he scored 32 goals and 67 assists for 99 points, although this was not a team record, as during this season Pierre Larouche scored 111 points and Jean Pronovost tallied 104.
With Apps's numbers declining, he was traded to the Los Angeles Kings in the 1977–78 season as the Penguins started to remake the team (Pierre Larouche, Dennis Owchar and Hartland Monahan were all dealt during this season. Dave Burrows and Jean Pronovost would be as well at the season's conclusion.) Apps retired two years later, finishing his career as the Penguins' career assist leader and second in goals and points. He played 727 career NHL games, scoring 183 goals and 423 assists for 606 points. He is the son of Hockey Hall of Famer Syl Apps.
Personal
Syl Apps Jr.'s son, Syl Apps III, was a hockey player in his own right, starring at Princeton University before spending four years in the minor leagues, retiring in 2003. His daughter, Gillian Apps, graduated from Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, and majored in psychology. She played for the Dartmouth Big Green women's ice hockey program and was a top 10 finalist for the 2007 Patty Kazmaier Award. In addition, she was a two-time member of the Canadian Olympic team, and won gold medals in ice hockey at the 2006 Winter Olympics and ice hockey at the 2010 Winter Olympics. His oldest daughter, Amy Apps, was a member of the Canadian National women’s Soccer team and an OUA All Star in 1998 and 1999. His nephew, Darren Barber, won a gold medal in coxed eights at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, as a member of the Canadian team. Barber also competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he finished 4th.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
Transactions
On June 11, 1964 the New York Rangers selected Syl Apps Jr. in the fourth-round (#21 overall) of the 1964 NHL draft.
On January 26, 1971 the New York Rangers traded Syl Apps Jr. and Sheldon Kannegiesser to the Pittsburgh Penguins in exchange for Glen Sather.
On November 2, 1977 the Pittsburgh Penguins traded Syl Apps Jr. and Hartland Monahan to the Los Angeles Kings in exchange for Dave Schultz, Gene Carr and a 1978 fourth-round pick (#61-Shane Pearsall).
See also
Notable families in the NHL
References
External links
1947 births
Living people
Buffalo Bisons (AHL) players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Canadian people of English descent
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Los Angeles Kings players
New York Rangers draft picks
New York Rangers players
Omaha Knights (CHL) players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey players
Sportspeople from Toronto |
5391794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapanorhynchus | Scapanorhynchus | Scapanorhynchus (from , 'shovel' and 'snout') is an extinct genus of shark that lived from the early Cretaceous until possibly the Miocene if S. subulatus is a mitsukurinid and not a sand shark. Their extreme similarities to the living goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni, lead some experts to consider reclassifying it as Scapanorhynchus owstoni. However, most shark specialists regard the goblin shark to be distinct enough from its prehistoric relatives to merit placement in its own genus.
Scapanorhynchus had an elongated, albeit flattened snout and sharp awl-shaped teeth ideal for seizing fish, or tearing chunks of flesh from its prey. It was a small shark normally measuring about 65 cm, though the largest species, S. texanus, is thought to have reached up to 3 m (10 ft) in length, about the size of a modern goblin shark. The largest teeth reported from this genus are anterior teeth from S. texanus, which can reach lengths up to 7 cm.
References
Further reading
Case, G and Schwimmer, D., 1998. Late Cretaceous fish from the Blufftown Formation (Campanian) in Western Georgia. Journal of Paleontology., 62(2). pp 290–301.
Kent, B., 1994. Fossil Sharks of the Chesapeake Region. Egan Rees & Boyer, Maryland. 146 pp
Mitsukurinidae
Prehistoric shark genera
Cretaceous sharks
Paleogene sharks
Miocene sharks
Cretaceous fish of Asia
Fossils of Uzbekistan
Bissekty Formation
Late Cretaceous fish of North America
Mooreville Chalk |
5391810 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunswik | Brunswik | Brunswik is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Egon Brunswik (1903-1955), Hungarian-American psychologist
Else Frenkel-Brunswik (1908-1958), Polish-Austrian psychologist
Brunswik may also refer to:
Brunswik, district of Kiel, Germany
See also
Brunswick (disambiguation) |
5391816 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicola%20Salvi | Nicola Salvi | Nicola Salvi or Niccolò Salvi (6 August 1697 (Rome) – 8 February 1751 (Rome)) was an Italian architect; among his few projects completed is the famous Trevi fountain in Rome, Italy.
Biography
Admitted to the Roman Academy of Arcadia in 1717, Salvi became an architect only after studies in mathematics and philosophy. His mentor in architecture was Antonio Canevari, who served also as consulting architect for the king of Portugal. In 1728, Canevari left for Lisbon, and Salvi continued his commissions in Rome. Among these were ephemeral decorations and small decorative projects. In Rome, the patronage for the building of large structures had declined relative to the previous century.
In 1732, competitions were held by Pope Clement XII for two large projects. One was to create a new façade for the church of Saint John Lateran, and another was for a public fountain at Trevi. The former completion was won by Alessandro Galilei, though Salvi's design had much praise. Salvi's design for the fountain however was chosen instead of plans by Ferdinando Fuga and his friend Luigi Vanvitelli. Salvi did not live to see the fountain completed in 1762 by his friend Pietro Bracci.
Salvi's other remaining works are few: he rebuilt the Chiesa di Santa Maria a Gradi (Church of Santa Maria in Gradi)] (1738) in Viterbo, but it was destroyed by bombs in World War II and is currently being restored. He also created a chapel, believed to be the most expensive ever created, for Igreja de São Roque Jesuit church in Lisbon, Portugal, along with Luigi Vanvitelli, and a tabernacle for the abbey of Monte Cassino.
References
A. Schiavo, The Trevi Fountain and other works of Nicola Salvi, Rome 1956
P. Portuguese, Nicola Salvi, in Baroque Rome, Rome 1973
E. Kieven, Nicola Salvi and Luigi Vanvitelli at Rome, in 'Luigi Vanvitelli and his circle, edited by C. De Seta, Naples, 2000, p. 53-78
1697 births
1751 deaths
Artists from Rome
Italian Baroque architects |
5391818 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Doty | Paul Doty | Paul Doty may refer to:
Paul Aaron Langevin Doty (1869–1937), American mechanical engineer
Paul M. Doty (1920–2011), American professor of biochemistry at Harvard University |
5391822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh%20Annuale | Edinburgh Annuale | The Edinburgh Annuale is a visual art festival involving Edinburgh galleries and art projects, especially ones that promote local activity in the visual arts. The Edinburgh Annuale exists to promote grassroots visual arts operations in the city.
The Annuale is co-ordinated by Edinburgh Artist Run Initiative The Embassy with a programme including publication launches, live events and exhibitions. The first Edinburgh Annuale took place in August 2004 and included exhibitions at The Embassy, Wuthering Heights, Magnifitat, The Forest Cafe and Aurora Projects. The festival has grown to include many more events and exhibitions and has some financial support from the Scottish Arts Council amongst others.
See also
Fest Magazine - Free guide to the Edinburgh Festivals
Other art festivals in Scotland
Edinburgh Art Festival
Big in Falkirk
External links
Edinburgh Annuale site
Recurring events established in 2004
Edinburgh Festival
Arts festivals in Scotland
2004 establishments in Scotland |
5391832 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceedings%20in%20Courts%20of%20Justice%20Act%201730 | Proceedings in Courts of Justice Act 1730 | The Proceedings in Courts of Justice Act 1730 (4 Geo II. c. 26) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which made English (instead of Law French and Latin) the obligatory language for use in the courts of England and in the court of exchequer in Scotland. The Act followed a medieval law from 1362 (the Pleading in English Act 1362), which had made it permissible to debate cases in English, but all written records had continued to be in Latin. It was amended shortly later to extend it to the courts in Wales, and to exempt from its provisions the "court of the receipt of his Majesty's exchequer" in England. It never applied to cases heard overseas in the court of admiralty.
A similar act was passed on 22 November 1650 by the Rump Parliament during the Commonwealth of England: Act for turning the Books of the Law and all Process and Proceedings in Courts of Justice into the English Tongue.
The Act was introduced by the then Lord Chancellor, Lord King, and came into force on 25 March 1733. It was repealed by the Civil Procedure Acts Repeal Act 1879.
A similar Act was passed by the Parliament of Ireland in 1737, the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) 1737.
See also
Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts, French law mandating legal use of French, rather than Latin
Notes
External links
Text of Act
Great Britain Acts of Parliament 1730
Language policy in the United Kingdom
English law
Scots law |
5391849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Luis%20Paris | José Luis Paris | José Luis Paris, better known as Don José (Ferrol, 1936–2003) was a Spanish musician, and singer who from the 1970s lived in London.
Trío “Zafiro”
He was one of the three members of the Spanish Trio Romantico 'Trio Zafiro' and travelled the world extensively, ending up in London with a residence in the Embassy Club. Trio Zafiro also starred in many TV appearances and performed in a movie called Pasa La Tuna. Jose also spent a brief time with a European-based Latin American trio called Los Andinos and travelled the world as a support act for Dorothy Squires.
Don Jose
In the early 1970s, he left the group to form a Latin American Duo with Pedro Abalenda called 'Don Jose & Don Pedro'. They were signed to the Decca Label and produced an album called Don Pedro & Don Jose while maintaining a residency at London's Concordia Notte restaurant, W2. They also performed the Misa Criolla live on Welsh TV. Don Pedro then went back to Spain and a new singer from Costa Rica was introduced called Enzo Fernando. They Recorded an album called 'A Night out at the Concordia Notte' on the Sun Records Label and were then signed to EMI and produced 4 singles, 'San Jose', 'Mr Guitarista', 'Welcome to my Heart' and 'Lola From Barcelona'.
He carried on his professional career until his death recording a number of other releases and appearing on 3-2-1 with Ted Rogers (comedian) and many times on BBC radio 2. He appeared many times live all over the world and on British TV in the 1970s and 1980s and many radio appearances to credit as well.
Recordings
His recording career started in the 1950s with Los Zafiros who produced 4 albums and toured worldwide. His solo recordings include:
Don Jose and Don Pedro (1970),
Don Jose and Enzo Fernando A Night Out at the Concordia Notte (recorded in a studio with double bassist Brian Brocklehurst, Moonshine 1977),
San Jose (1978),
Lola from Barcelona (1978),
Don José Flamenco Fiesta with Tupac and his son Jason Paris (1992).
His most popular and frequently covered piece is 'Chamorro (song)' a song about a church on a mountainside just outside his hometown where it is said a miracle took place.
Don Jose was a water rat and a member of the Vaudeville Golfing Society of which he was Captain in 2002.
References
1936 births
2003 deaths |
5391857 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20Council%20of%20Educational%20Research%20and%20Training%2C%20Kerala | State Council of Educational Research and Training, Kerala | The State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT), Kerala is a board of school education in India, conducted by the government of the state of Kerala, India. The board prepares the syllabus and evaluation for schools affiliated with it.
Structure
The structure is divided into
kindergarten (Lkg and UKG)
LP (lower primary, classes/standard 1–4)
UP (upper primary, classes/standard 5–7)
(H.S) High School(classes/standard 8–10)
HigherSecondary (+1 equals 11th class/standard and +2 equals 12th class/standard)
Usually, the whole system of KG, LP, UP and HS are collectively referred as High School. Students completing this complete course (12 years including KGs, which is optional* and otherwise 10 years of education) will be awarded with School Leaving Certificate, abbreviated as SSLC. Based on the results in SSLC, students are enrolled into Higher Secondary Education (HSE) which was previously known as pre-degree and was conducted in colleges.
Now, HSE is integrated to the school system and most educational institutions now offer classes from LKG to +2. Higher secondary offers a wide range of subjects according to the candidate's preference. After completing +2, students are awarded with a HSE certificate which is a passport to degree and similar courses.
History
The importance and antiquity of education in Kerala is underscored by the state's ranking as among the most literate in the country. The local dynastic precursors of modern-day Kerala made significant contributions to the progress on education in Kerala. There were many sabha mathams that imparted Vedic knowledge. Apart from kalaris, which taught martial arts, there were village schools run by Ezhuthachans or Asans. The history of western education in Kerala can be traced to Christian missionaries who set up a number of schools and colleges. These institutions played significant roles in shaping the course of education in Kerala.
Kerala's achievements in social development and quality of life have improved over time. Kerala has achieved a human development index (HDI) comparable to developed countries. Prof. Amartya Sen has attributed these achievements largely to the priority of high literacy among all Indian states and education.
Modern Education in Kerala started several decades back with the declaration of the Maharaja of Travancore in 1844 that "those trained in English School would be given preference in Public Services". Raja's Free School was established by government in 1834 to provide English education. In the erstwhile, Cochin State 33 Vernacular schools were established in 1818. English education was taken care of by Rev. Dawson, the English school in Mattancherry in 1818. Over time, more English Schools opened in Thrissur, Thrippunithura and Ernakulam. In 1868, the first batch was presented for the Matriculation examination.
The local dynastic precursors of modern-day Kerala sponsored sabha mathams that imparted Vedic knowledge. Apart from kalaris, which taught martial arts, there were village schools run by Ezhuthachans or Asans.
The Kerala School of Astronomy and Mathematics was a school founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama in Kerala, South India, which included among its members: Parameshvara, Neelakanta Somayaji, Jyeshtadeva, Achyuta Pisharati, Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri and Achyuta Panikkar. The school flourished between the 14th and 16th centuries and the original discoveries of the school seems to have ended with Bhattathiri. In attempting to solve astronomical problems, the Kerala school independently created a number of important mathematics concepts. Their most important results-series expansion for trigonometric functions-were described in a Sanskrit verse in a book by Somayaji called Tantrasangraha, and again in a commentary called Tantrasangraha-vakhya, of unknown authorship. The theorems were stated without proof, but proofs for the series for sine, cosine, and inverse tangent were provided a century later in the work Yuktibhasa (c.1500-c.1610), written in Malayalam, by Jyesthadeva, and also in a commentary on Tantrasangraha. Their work, completed two centuries before the invention of calculus in Europe, provided what is now considered the first example of a power series (apart from geometric series). However, they did not formulate a systematic theory of differentiation and integration, nor is there any direct evidence of their results being transmitted outside Kerala.
Today
Schools and colleges are now largely run by the government, private trusts, or individuals. Each school is affiliated with either the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), or the Kerala State Education Board. English is the language of instruction in most private schools, while government run schools offer English or Malayalam as the medium of instruction. After 10 years of secondary schooling, students typically enroll at Higher Secondary School in one of the three streams-liberal arts, business or science. Upon completing the required coursework, students can enroll in general or professional degree programmes. Kerala topped the Education Development Index (EDI) among 21 major states in India in 2006–2007. EDI is calculated using indicators such as access, infrastructure, teachers and outcome.
Thirunanthapuram, one of the state's major academic hubs, hosts the University of Kerala and several professional education colleges, including 15 engineering colleges, three medical colleges, three Ayurveda colleges, two colleges of homeopathy, six other medical colleges, and several law colleges. Trivandrum Medical College, Kerala's premier health institute is being upgraded to the status of an All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). The College of Engineering in Trivandrum is one of the prominent engineering institutions in the state. The Asian School of Business and IIITM-K are two of the other premier management study institutions in the city, both situated inside Technopark. The Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, first of its kind in India, is situated in the state capital.
Kochi is another major educational hub. The Cochin University of Science and Technology, also known as "Cochin University", is situated in a suburb of the city. Most of the city's colleges offering tertiary education are affiliated to the Mahatma Gandhi University.
Other national educational institutes in Kochi suburb include the Central Institute of Fisheries Nautical and Engineering Training, National University of Advanced Legal Studies, National Institute of Oceanography, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, and Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute. The only College of Fisheries in the State is situated at Panangad, a suburban area of the city. The College comes under the Kerala Agricultural University.
The district of Thrissur holds some premier institutions in Kerala. Kerala Agricultural University is located in Thrissur. The Thrissur Medical College, The Government Engineering College, Govt. Law College, Ayurveda College, Govt. Fine Arts College, College of Co-operation & Banking and Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, College of Horticulture, College of Forestry, etc. are situated in Thrissur. Thrissur is also a main center of coaching for the entrance examinations for engineering and medicine.
Kottayam also acts as a main educational hub. According to the 1991 census, Kottayam District of Kerala is the first district to achieve full literacy rate in the whole of India. Mahatma Gandhi University, CMS College (the first institution to start English education in Southern India), Medical College, and the Labour India Educational Research Center are also located in Kottayam
.
Kozhikode is home to two of the premier educational institutions in the country; the Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode, one of the seven Indian Institutes of Management, and the premier National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut Medical College, the second medical college in Kerala is affiliated with the University of Calicut and serves 2/5 of the population of Kerala. Government Law College, situated in outskirts of Kozhikode, is owned by the Government of Kerala and caters to the needs of the north Malabar region of Kerala. Pothanicad, a village in the Ernakulam district, is the first panchayath in India that achieved 100% literacy.
References
External links
Kerala Education Department Official Website
DHSE Kerala Official Website
Kerala Preeksha Bhavan
Education in Kerala
State agencies of Kerala
Kerala
Educational institutions in India with year of establishment missing |
5391863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vit%20Klemes | Vit Klemes | Vit Klemes (30 April 1932 – 8 March 2010) was a Canadian hydrologist of Czech origin. He received a Civil Engineering degree (Ing) from the Brno University of Technology (Moravia), a CSc degree (a local equivalent of PhD) in hydrology and water resources from the Slovak Technical University in Bratislava (Slovakia) and a DrSc degree from the Czech Technical University in Prague (Bohemia).
Following the Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia, Klemes and his family came to Canada in September 1968. There he obtained a position of associate professor at the University of Toronto, first in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and later in the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering. In 1972 he was appointed research hydrologist at the National Hydrology Research Institute of Environment Canada, a position he held for 17 years; after the institute's move from Ottawa to Saskatoon, he also served as its chief scientist. From 1990 to 1999 he was a water resources consultant in Victoria, British Columbia where he continued to live after his retirement until his death.
During his career Klemes has authored about 150 scientific and technical publications, lectured extensively on all five continents, was visiting professor at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, Monash University in Melbourne, Agricultural University (BOKU) in Vienna, the University of Karlsruhe, and in 1994 was appointed Invited Professor at Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique of Universite du Quebec.
In 1987 he was elected President of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) and his work has been recognized by a number of awards; among other, he received a Gold Medal from the Slovak Academy of Sciences (1993), the International Hydrology Prize from the IAHS (1994), the Ray K. Linsley Award from the American Institute of Hydrology (1995) and the Ven Te Chow Award from the American Society of Civil Engineering (1998)
Publications
Common Sense and other Heresies - Selected Papers on Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering by Vít Klemeš, ed. by C. David Sellars (2000)
An Imperfect Fit - Advanced democracy and human nature by Vit Klemeš (2004)
References
Šútor, J. (2002): Anniversary of Vít Klemeš. J. Hydrol. Hydromech., Vol. 50, No. 1, 67-70.
Svoboda, A. (2007): Again an anniversary of Vít Klemeš. J. Hydrol. Hydromech., Vol. 55, No. 2, 142-144.
Notice of Vít Klemeš' death
Koutsoyiannis, D. (2011): Vít Klemeš (1932-2010). The Reference Frame, recollection
1932 births
2010 deaths
Canadian people of Czech descent
Czechoslovak emigrants to Canada
Canadian hydrologists
People from Victoria, British Columbia
Czech Technical University in Prague alumni
Engineers from British Columbia
Scientists from British Columbia
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava alumni |
5391867 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4tomo%20Island | Kôtomo Island | Kôtomo Island is a small island off the Isle of Pines, New Caledonia. It is also spelled as Koutomo, Kutomo, Koutoumo, or Kutumo.
Important Bird Area
A 440 ha tract encompassing the southern part of the island has been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a breeding colony of some 38,000 pairs of wedge-tailed shearwaters.
References
External links
Map of the Isle of Pines, Kôtomo Island, and other islets
Islands of New Caledonia
Important Bird Areas of New Caledonia
Seabird colonies |
5391903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithioerythritol | Dithioerythritol | Dithioerythritol (DTE) is a sulfur containing sugar derived from the corresponding 4-carbon monosaccharide erythrose. It is an epimer of dithiothreitol (DTT). The molecular formula for DTE is C4H10O2S2.
Like DTT, DTE makes an excellent reducing agent, although its standard reduction potential is not quite as negative, i.e., DTE is slightly less effective at reducing than DTT. This is presumably because the orientation of the OH groups in its cyclic disulfide-bonded form (oxidized form) is less stable due to greater steric repulsion than their orientation in the disulfide-bonded form of DTT. In the disulfide-bonded form of DTT, these hydroxyl groups are trans to each other, whereas they are cis to each other in DTE.
References
External links
Thiols
Vicinal diols |
3999189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel%20Angelstad | Mel Angelstad | Melvin Angelstad (born October 31, 1971) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played two games in the National Hockey League with the Washington Capitals during the 2003–04 NHL season to become the first player to wear #69 in a regular season game. Andrew Desjardins later joined him in this distinction, who donned the number while skating for the San Jose Sharks.
For Angelstad, the road to the NHL was a long one. He played five Colonial Hockey League seasons in Thunder Bay before becoming an IHL regular and then AHL regular.
While in Thunder Bay he played for the Thunder Bay Thunder Hawks (later the Senators and Thunder Cats), wearing number 27, and spawning several bootlegged video collections of his fights.
During the 2003–04 NHL season Angelstad appeared in two games with the Washington Capitals, registering a total of zero points and two penalty minutes. Angelstad has the distinction of being the first player in NHL history to wear sweater #69 in a regular season game.
He now works as a firefighter in the Fort McMurray, Alberta area. He made a cameo appearance in the film Goon: Last of the Enforcers, in which he fights main character Doug Glatt (portrayed by Seann William Scott).
Career statistics
References
External links
1971 births
Adelaide Avalanche players
Belfast Giants players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Fort Worth Brahmas players
Sportspeople from Saskatoon
Kalamazoo Wings (1974–2000) players
Las Vegas Thunder players
Living people
Manitoba Moose (IHL) players
Motor City Mechanics players
Nashville Knights players
Newcastle Vipers players
Orlando Solar Bears (IHL) players
Phoenix Roadrunners (IHL) players
Portland Pirates players
Prince Edward Island Senators players
Thunder Bay Senators players
Thunder Bay Thunder Cats (CoHL) players
Thunder Bay Thunder Hawks players
Undrafted National Hockey League players
Washington Capitals players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
New Jersey Rockin' Rollers players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in England |
5391919 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel%20Lowe | Rachel Lowe | Rachel Tanya Lowe MBE (born August, 1977) is a British serial entrepreneur and board games developer. She is best known for developing the Destination series of games, including editions for Toy Story, the London 2012 Olympic Games and Downton Abbey.
She is the founder of Rachel Lowe Games & Puzzles, a company that creates board games under license for brands such as The Elf on the Shelf and Call the Midwife.
Early life and education
Lowe graduated from the University of Portsmouth with a degree in Law and Business. While studying, she brought up her two young children and worked part time as a taxi driver.
Career
Destination board games
In 2003, Lowe founded board games designer and publisher RTL Games. She got the idea for her first board game, Destination Portsmouth, while working as a taxi driver. She self-funded production of the board game by selling sponsorships to local businesses.
In 2004, she appeared on the BBC television show Dragons’ Den in the UK.
In the same year, Lowe developed a London version of the game, Destination London. She launched it in toy retailer Hamleys, and it went on to become the store's best-selling board game that year, outselling Monopoly and Twister. Lowe went on to produce versions of the game under license for Toy Story, Finding Nemo, Monsters Inc and The Incredibles. She has launched over 30 versions of the series.
In 2008, Lowe secured a deal with Warner Bros to produce a Harry Potter-themed board game, Destination Hogwarts, to coincide with the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. Delays to the release of the film meant that her company missed the Christmas sales period and the bank's refusal to offer a bridging loan led to the closure of RTL Games in 2009, with Lowe's company being featured in a BBC Panorama documentary, Banks Behaving Badly.
In 2010, Lowe relaunched the Destination board game series with entrepreneur Simon Dolan. The Harry Potter-themed version of the game launched at the London Film Museum in 2011.
Lowe was awarded a license to develop official Olympics-themed board games in 2012. She launched Destination London 2012, and Destination London 2012 Sports, a junior edition of the board game. Lowe also launched Destination Downton Abbey, as well as the Downton Abbey Compendium of Parlour Games and Playing Cards.
In 2014, she appeared on the panel for an episode of BBC's The Apprentice: Your Fired for the candidates’ board game challenge.
She Who Dares
In 2010, Lowe founded lifestyle brand She Who Dares UK. The company produced perfume, jewellery and accessories for women.
The company later launched its own fragrances, Eminence and Dalliance, and signed a deal to produce Swarovski fashion accessories. The company's fragrances were sold in Jarrold.
Lowe resigned as a director of She Who Dares in July 2017.
Rachel Lowe Games & Puzzles
In 2017, Lowe founded Rachel Lowe Games and Puzzles, which creates and sells licensed board games, jigsaw puzzles and card games. The company has created products under license for Hotel Transylvania, Call the Midwife, Mr Bean, Friday Night Dinner, Laurel and Hardy and WWE.
In 2017, Lowe released a board game for the Jumanji film series, which became a top seller on Amazon and won Product of the Year at the Toy Industry Awards in 2019.
In 2019, Lowe launched the WWE: Road to WrestleMania board game, along with a puzzle and playing cards. In the same year, her company was awarded a licence to launch the official Elf on the Shelf Board Game, which launched in December 2020.
Rachel Lowe Games & Puzzles was one of the official licensing partners to develop and launch a range of official Beano puzzles and games to celebrate the 70th anniversary of Dennis the Menace.
Other activity
Lowe is an Entrepreneur in Residence at the University of Portsmouth, where she advises students, alumni and staff on the launch or growth of their businesses.
She serves as a Governor at Portsmouth College, where she sits on Audit and Student Health and Wellbeing committees.
Recognition
In 2006, Lowe was the winner of the NatWest everywoman Award, which celebrates female entrepreneurial success.
She was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire in 2009 for her services to business in promoting enterprise in schools, colleges, and universities.
References
External links
Official site
1977 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Portsmouth
Board game designers
Members of the Order of the British Empire
British taxi drivers |
3999190 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waiting%20for%20the%20Moon%20%28album%29 | Waiting for the Moon (album) | Waiting for the Moon is the sixth studio album (or the eighth if including the soundtracks Nenette et Boni and Trouble Every Day) by Tindersticks. Recorded between September 2001 and January 2003 at Great Linford Manor, Eastcote and various home studios, the long-player was released on the Beggar's Banquet label in 2003. This was the last Tindersticks album to feature the band's original lineup before their extended hiatus and subsequent departure of half the band. Tindersticks member David Boulter later selected it as his least favorite Tindersticks album, remarking: "It has a feeling of something that was lost—the feeling that the band hadn't been great for a couple of albums."
Track listing
"Until the Morning Comes" (Hinchliffe, Tindersticks) – 3:34
"Say Goodbye to the City" (Staples, Hinchliffe, Tindersticks) – 4:30
"Sweet Memory" (Hinchliffe, Tindersticks) – 4:29
"4.48 Psychosis" (Words by Sarah Kane, from her play, 4.48 Psychosis, Tindersticks) – 5:13
"Waiting for the Moon" (Staples, Hinchliffe) – 2:51
"Trying to Find a Home" (Staples, Hinchliffe, Boulter, Tindersticks) – 5:44
"Sometimes It Hurts" (Staples, Tindersticks) – 4:39
"My Oblivion" (Staples, Tindersticks) – 7:00
"Just a Dog" (Staples, Boulter, Tindersticks) – 3:28
"Running Wild" (Staples, Tindersticks) – 4:14
Personnel
Stuart Staples – vocals, guitar
David Boulter – keyboards
Neil Fraser – guitar
Dickon Hinchliffe – violin
Mark Colwill – bass
Alistair Macaulay – drums
Additional musicians
Gina Foster – vocals
Colin McCan – timpanis
Terry Edwards – trumpet (on track 2)
Lhasa de Sela – vocal duet (on track 7)
Steve Sidwell – trumpet
Neil Sidwell – trombone
Jamie Talbot – tenor saxophone
Deve Bishop – baritone saxophone
Lucy Wilkins, Calina De La Mare, Gillon Cameron, Anna Morris, Howard Gott, Ruth Gottlieb, Christopher Koh, Jacqueline Norrie, Louise Peacock, Wendy de St. Pear, Fiona Brice, Brian Wright, Catherine Browning, Sarah Button, David Williams – violins
Robert Spriggs, Naomi Fairhurst, Emily Frith, Fiona Griffith, Vincent Greene, Sophie Sirota, Rebecca Ware, Reiad Chibahm Lucy Theo – violas
Sarah Wilson, Andrew Nice, Chris Mansell, Oliver Kraus, Chris Worsey, Ian Burdge – cellos
Production
Stuart Staples, Ian Caple – production
Sam Miller, Antti Uusimaki, Haicong Guo – assistants
Dickon Hinchliffe – arranger (strings and brass)
Tim Young – mastering (at Metropolis, London)
Suzanne Osborne – cover painting
Notes
Both Canadian and Australian editions came with a bonus EP entitled Don't Even Go There. It included the tracks "Trying to Find a Home" (Boulter, Tindersticks), "Sexual Funk" (Boulter), "Everything Changes" (Boulter, Tindersticks) and "I Want You" (Hinchliffe, Tindersticks). This EP was released as a standalone single in the UK.
References
2003 albums
Tindersticks albums
Beggars Banquet Records albums |
3999205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalassery%20Pier | Thalassery Pier | Thalassery Pier locally known as Kadalpalam is located in Thalassery, Kannur District of Kerala state, south India.
It is an old pier extending out into the Arabian Sea. It is frequented by people taking evening walks.
This "Kadalpalam" was used as a commercial access through the sea, to and from the Tellicherry Bazar, during the European rule. It is an old story now. At present it is in a deteriorating state. Now it can be preserved as a Tourist Centre.
It was in 1910 that the East India Company constructed the pier which extends to the Arabian Sea for transporting commodities to and from ships. The large rocks on the shore and shallow waters often led to shipwrecks and hence the pier was constructed, with huge cranes placed at its end and rail tracks on either side for easy transport of goods from the godowns situated at the shore.
A busy commercial centre then, Thalassery witnessed brisk development with its export of spices, coffee, fish, wood, and pepper, attracting people from all over.
The town became an administrative centre of operations and the judicial headquarters while the port stood a mute observer to the glory of the town and its development. It was the advent of the Mangalore port which reduced its significance principally, while many more aspects contributed to its slow degeneration. The ships disappeared, and gradually the cranes and the trolley tracks.
The condition of the pier is deteriorating and hence the entry is officially blocked with a wall in view of safety.
Many malayalam movies are shot here including the famous shot in Thattathin Marayathu.
See also
Thalassery
Thalassery Fort
Overbury's folly
Thalassery Stadium
References
Piers in India
Buildings and structures in Thalassery
1910 establishments in India
Buildings and structures completed in 1910 |
5391937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Decade%20of%20Hits%201969%E2%80%931979 | A Decade of Hits 1969–1979 | A Decade of Hits 1969–1979 is a compilation album of the Allman Brothers Band, released in 1991. The album features songs released on The Allman Brothers Band, Idlewild South, At Fillmore East, Eat a Peach, Brothers and Sisters, and Enlightened Rogues. It is the band's best-selling album in the U.S., being certified double platinum by the RIAA in 1997.
Track listing
"Statesboro Blues" (Live) (Blind Willie McTell) – 4:20
"Ramblin' Man" (Dickey Betts) – 4:49
"Midnight Rider" (Gregg Allman, Robert Payne) – 2:59
"Southbound" (Dickey Betts) – 5:10
"Melissa" (Gregg Allman, Steve Alaimo) – 3:56
"Jessica" (Dickey Betts) – 7:30
"Ain't Wastin' Time No More" (Gregg Allman) – 3:40
"Little Martha" (Duane Allman) – 2:10
"Crazy Love" (Dickey Betts) – 3:44
"Revival" (Dickey Betts) – 4:03
"Wasted Words" (Gregg Allman) – 4:20
"Blue Sky" (Dickey Betts) – 5:10
"One Way Out" (Live) (Elmore James, Marshall Sehorn, Sonny Boy Williamson II) – 4:58
"In Memory of Elizabeth Reed" (Dickey Betts) – 6:57
"Dreams" (Gregg Allman) – 7:19
"Whipping Post" (Gregg Allman) – 5:17
Track 1 from At Fillmore East (1971), recorded live 3/1971 at the Fillmore East in New York, NY
Tracks 2, 4, 6 and 11 from Brothers and Sisters (1973)
Tracks 3, 10, 14 from Idlewild South (1970)
Tracks 5, 7–8, 12–13 from Eat a Peach (1972), track 13 recorded live 6/27/1971 at the Fillmore East in New York, NY
Track 9 from Enlightened Rogues (1979)
Track 15–16 from The Allman Brothers Band (1969)
Notes
The Allman Brothers Band compilation albums
1991 greatest hits albums
Albums produced by Tom Dowd
Polydor Records compilation albums |
3999212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXL | IXL | IXL may refer to:
Henry Jones IXL, an Australian manufacturer of jams and other foods
iXL (interactive agency), an American interactive agency during the late 1990s
IXL, Oklahoma, a town in America
A railway interlocking
Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport, an Indian airport in the city of Leh, with IATA code IXL
IXL, gramogram for the phrase, "I excel"
See also
XL (disambiguation)
Excel (disambiguation) |
5391943 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caught%20in%20the%20Draft | Caught in the Draft | Caught in the Draft is a 1941 comedy/war film with Bob Hope directed by David Butler.
Plot
Famous Hollywood actor Don Bolton (Hope) is a vain movie star whose biggest fear is to be drafted into the US Army. He definitely lacks the qualities of a good soldier; he is so terrified of loud noise, he cannot cope with hearing a single 'gunshot' when he is on set shooting a war film. There is great doubt that he could last even a day in the service.
Colonel Peter Fairbanks (Clarence Kolb) visits the studio set as a consultant for the war film, and with him he has brought his beautiful daughter Antoinette, known as "Tony" (Dorothy Lamour). Don is smitten by Tony, and also realizes that his ticket out of the Army is to marry the colonel's daughter to avoid the draft.
Don manages to gravely insult the colonel when he mistakes him for an actor and treats him disrespectfully. Even so, Don manages to go on a date with Tony, and even proposes to her before hearing on the radio that the draft age eligibility ends at age 31. As Don is 32 he retracts his proposal; Tony deduces his angle and is disgusted with him and cowardly behavior.
A few weeks later, Don realizes he truly is in love with Tony. He wants to impress her, so he decides to pretend to join the Army, using an actor as a fake enlistment officer. But at the draft centre the actor does not have the anticipated opportunity to replace the real officer, therefore Don, his assistant Bert (Eddie Bracken), and his manager Steve (Lynne Overman), all get enlisted for real. They are taken to a training camp, where Fairbanks is in charge. Fairbanks tells Don that if he can make it up to corporal rank, he gets to marry Tony. At first, this proves to be more than Don and his unfortunate brothers in arms can handle. As punishment for their shortcomings, they are frequently on kitchen duty. Tony eventually falls in love with Don. When Don and his two companions are sent to a distant post during a camp war game, Bert comes up with the idea to help their team by altering the signposts in the field. The result is disastrous, as the men on the opposing team are now following a route that will lead them into the artillery range, which is active. Don is forced to overcome his fear of noise (and death) to rescue Tony who, believing that Don is still too cowardly to go warn the men, sets out on horseback to do that herself. He accomplishes the rescue and continues, with Steve, through the artillery bombardment to warn the men. Don sustains an arm wound.
After their success, the three are promoted to the rank of corporal and Don is free to marry Tony.
Cast
Bob Hope – Don Bolton
Dorothy Lamour – Antoinette 'Tony' Fairbanks
Lynne Overman – Steve Riggs
Eddie Bracken – Bert Sparks
Clarence Kolb – Col. Peter Fairbanks
Paul Hurst – Sgt. Burns
Ferike Boros – Yetta
Phyllis Ruth – Margie
Irving Bacon – Cogswell
Arthur Loft – Movie director
Edgar Dearing – Recruiting sergeant
Reception
The film was a big hit and became Paramount's second most successful release of 1941 after Louisiana Purchase.
References
External links
1941 films
World War II films
American black-and-white films
Films scored by Victor Young
Films directed by David Butler
1940s war comedy films
Military humor in film
Paramount Pictures films
Films about the United States Army
American war comedy films
1941 comedy films |
3999220 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil%20copper-plate%20inscriptions | Tamil copper-plate inscriptions | Tamil copper-plate inscriptions are copper-plate records of grants of villages, plots of cultivable lands or other privileges to private individuals or public institutions by the members of the various South Indian royal dynasties. The study of these inscriptions has been especially important in reconstructing the history of Tamil Nadu. The grants range in date from the 10th century C.E. to the mid-19th century C.E. A large number of them belong to the pandyas, the Cholas . These plates are valuable epigraphically as they give us an insight into the social conditions of medieval South India; they also help us fill chronological gaps in the connected history of the ruling dynasties. For example, the Leyden grant (so called as they are preserved in the Museum of Leyden in Holland) of Parantaka Chola and those of Parakesari Uttama Chola are among the most important, although the most useful part, i.e., the genealogical section, of the latter's plates seems to have been lost.
'South Indian inscriptions
Most of the Tamil country inscriptions were written in Tamil, but beginning in the 6th century, both stone and copper-plate inscriptions were written in Sanskrit as well, some being bilingual. Indian archaeologists have discovered hundreds of inscriptions during the last 120 years. Professor E. Hultzsch began collecting South Indian inscriptions systematically from the latter part of 1886 when he was appointed Epigraphist to the Government of Madras.
The earliest of the extant copperplate inscriptions date from the 10th century C.E. Of these, the Leyden plates, the Tiruvalangadu grant of Rajendra Chola I, the Anbil plates of Sundara Chola and the Kanyakumari inscription of Virarajendra Chola are the only epigraphical records discovered and published so far that give genealogical lists of Chola kings.
The Thiruvalangadu'' copperplates discovered in 1905 C.E. comprise one of the largest so far recovered and contains 31 copper sheets. The Thiruvalangadu plates contain text written in Sanskrit and Tamil. These two seem to have been written at least a decade apart. These plates record a grant made to the shrine of the goddess at Tiruvalangadu by Rajendra Chola I. The list of the legendary Chola kings forms the preamble to the Sanskrit portion of these plates.
A Chola inscription
A typical Chola copperplate inscription currently displayed at the Government Museum, Chennai, India, is dated c. 10th century C.E. It consists of five copper plates stringed in a copper ring, the ends of which are secured with a Chola seal bearing in relief, a seated tiger facing the right, two fish to the right of this. These three figures have a bow below, a parasol and two fly-whisks (Champaran) at the top and a lamp on each side. Around the margin engraved in Grantha characters, "This is the matchless edict of Kong Parakesarivarman, who reached justice to the kings of his realm"…
A portion of this inscription is in Sanskrit and the rest is in Tamil.
The plates contain an edict issued by the Chola king Ko-Para-Kesarivarman alias Uththama Chola, at Kachhippedu (Kanchipuram) at the request of his minister, to confirm the contents of a number of stone inscriptions, which referred to certain dues to be paid to the temple of Vishnu at Kachhippedu. Arrangements made for the several services in the temple are also described.
Uththama Chola was an uncle and predecessor of Rajaraja Chola I.
Notes
See also
Indian copper plate inscriptions
Indian inscriptions
Laguna Copperplate Inscription
Tamil bell
Tamil Inscriptions of Bangalore
Vatteluttu
References
Tamil And Sanskrit Inscriptions Chiefly Collected In 1886 - 87, E. Hultzsch, Ph.D., Published by Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi
Government Museum, Chennai, India - http://www.chennaimuseum.org
External links
South Indian Inscriptions
Tamil inscriptions
Chola Empire
Asian archaeology
Archaeological artefact types
Archaeology of India
Historiography of India |
5391952 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off%20the%20Map%20%28video%29 | Off the Map (video) | Off the Map is a VHS and DVD released by the American alternative rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2001, two years following the release of their seventh studio album, Californication. The video runs as a full concert but is edited to include parts from various concerts from the band's 2000s North American tour.
While being the first official live release from the band, it also is their only full live CD/DVD to have live performances of songs from the albums Freaky Styley, Uplift Mofo Party Plan or One Hot Minute.
During "Me and My Friends", Foo Fighters members Dave Grohl and Taylor Hawkins prank Chad Smith as revenge for Smith's pranks prior to the show, causing the band to screw up at the end.
In 2003, Off the Map was certified platinum in Australia. In 2008, it was certified Gold in United States. The material was also certified Gold in Brazil and United Kingdom.
Track listing
Opening
"Around the World"
"Give It Away"
"Usually Just a T-Shirt #3"
"Scar Tissue"
"Suck My Kiss"
"If You Have to Ask"
"Subterranean Homesick Blues"
"Otherside"
"Blackeyed Blonde"
"Pea"
"Blood Sugar Sex Magik"
"Easily"
"What Is Soul?"
(The Jam)
"Fire"
"Californication"
"Right on Time"
"Under the Bridge"
"Me and My Friends"
Bonus footage
Pre-show backstage footage
Interview footage
Additional live footage:
"Skinny Sweaty Man"
"I Could Have Lied"
"Parallel Universe"
"Sir Psycho Sexy"
"Search and Destroy"
Certifications
References
Red Hot Chili Peppers video albums
2001 video albums
2001 live albums
Live video albums
Warner Records live albums
Warner Records video albums |
5391953 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spathobatis | Spathobatis | Spathobatis (from , 'blade' and 'ray') is an extinct genus of ray from the Jurassic period of Europe.
Spathobatis had a body similar to that of a modern guitarfish, being highly flattened and widened, specializing the creature for a life on the ocean floor. Although it is one of the earliest known fossil rays, it already resembled modern forms in a number of ways. Like them, its eyes and spiracles were located atop the head, its mouth and gill slits were positioned on the underside of the body, and it had greatly expanded pectoral fins for swimming.
Distinctive features of Spathobatis included flattened teeth, suitable for eating shellfish, and an elongated snout that was presumably used to probe for food on the muddy sea floor.
References
Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera
Jurassic cartilaginous fish
Jurassic fish of Europe
Rajiformes |
3999229 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drums%20in%20the%20Night | Drums in the Night | Drums in the Night (Trommeln in der Nacht) is a play by the German playwright Bertolt Brecht. Brecht wrote it between 1919 and 1920, and it received its first theatrical production in 1922. It is in the Expressionist style of Ernst Toller and Georg Kaiser. The play—along with Baal and In the Jungle—won the Kleist Prize for 1922 (although it was widely assumed, perhaps because Drums was the only play of the three to have been produced at that point, that the prize had been awarded to Drums alone); the play was performed all over Germany as a result. Brecht later claimed that he had only written it as a source of income.
Drums in the Night is one of Brecht's earliest plays, written before he became a Marxist, but already the importance of class struggle in Brecht's thinking is apparent. According to Lion Feuchtwanger, the play was originally entitled Spartakus. Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg of the Spartacist League—who were instrumental in the 'Spartacist uprising' in Berlin in January 1919—had only recently been abducted, tortured and killed by Freikorps soldiers.
Plot summary
Brecht's play revolves around Anna Balicke, whose lover (Andreas) has left to fight in World War I. The war is now over but Anna and her family have not heard from him for four years. Anna's parents try to convince her that he is dead and that she should forget him and marry a wealthy war-materials manufacturer, Murk. Anna agrees to this arrangement eventually, just as Andreas returns, having spent the missing years as a prisoner-of-war in some remote location in Africa. Believing that the poor proletarian Andreas cannot provide the kind of life for Anna that the bourgeois Murk can, Anna's parents encourage her to stick to her agreement. Eventually Anna leaves Murk and her parents and, against the backdrop of the Spartacist uprising, searches for Andreas. In the final scene they are re-united; to the sound of "a white wild screaming" from the newspaper buildings above, they walk away together.
The play dramatizes many of the grievances of the Spartacists in their uprising. The soldiers returning from the front felt that they had been fighting for nothing and that what they had before they left had been stolen. Murk, the war-profiteer who did not fight and who instead made a fortune from the fighting, and who attempts to steal the soldier's fiancée, symbolizes that feeling by the working class of having been cheated.
Production history
Drums in the Night, a "Comedy in Five Acts by Bertolt Brecht", was given its premiere at the Munich Kammerspiele, opening on 29 September 1922. Otto Falckenberg - head of the Kammerspiele and renowned champion of new, controversial dramas in Weimar Germany - directed, set-design was by Otto Reigbert, and the cast included Erwin Faber (as a Guest from the National Theatre of Munich, the Residenztheater) in the main role of Andreas Kragler, Max Schreck (as Glubb), Hans Leibelt, Kurt Horwitz and Maria Koppenhöfer.
The play received another production at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin, also directed by Falckenberg, which opened on 20 December 1922, with a cast of leading actors then in Berlin, including Alexander Granach as the soldier Andreas Kragler.
Falckenberg, who was the head of the Kammerspiele along with Benno Bing, directed the play in a manner that we would not now recognize as 'Brechtian', utilizing the angular, contorted poses typical of the theatre of Expressionism. Similarly, Reigbert's design consisted of contorted, angular lines and foreshortened perspectives (similar to those used in The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari in 1920). "Brecht's sense of irony was misunderstood", Meech suggests; he was "far from happy with the result."
Elements of Expressionism, or perhaps "realistic-Expressistic" elements (according to Erwin Faber), can be found in designs for the Munich production. Reigbert's rendering for the set design for Act V of Drums in the Night, for example, contains a figure standing by the bridge that is very much like Edvard Munch's figure (also standing by a bridge) in his painting of 1893, The Scream.
According to Erwin Faber, whom Brecht had requested to play the principal role of Andreas Kragler, a German soldier who returns home after to the war:
The play was...expressionistic, that is, realistic-expressionistic. It was born of the times, and I played it as such...By the time Brecht arrived, the period of Expressionism in Munich had already passed...The heyday of Expressionism came in the aftermath of World War I, when we were all exhausted by the war: hunger, suffering, and grief was in every family who had lost a loved one. There was a tension that could only be resolved by an outcry...[Drums in the Night] was perhaps one of the last dramas to be played expressionisitically.
Works cited
Brecht, Bertolt. 1922. Drums in the Night. Trans. John Willett. In Collected Plays: One. Ed. John Willett and Ralph Manheim. Bertolt Brecht: Plays, Poetry and Prose Ser. London: Methuen, 1970. . pp. 63–115.
Meech, Tony. 1994. "Brecht's Early Plays." In The Cambridge Companion to Brecht. Ed. Peter Thomson and Glendyr Sacks. Cambridge Companions to Literature Ser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. . pp. 43–55.
Molinari, Cesare. 1975. Theatre Through the Ages. Trans. Colin Hamer. London: Cassell. .
McDowell, W. Stuart. 2000. "Acting Brecht: The Munich Years", The Brecht Sourcebook, Carol Martin, Henry Bial, editors (Routledge, 2000) pp. 71–83.
Sacks, Glendyr. 1994. "A Brecht Calendar." In The Cambridge Companion to Brecht. Ed. Peter Thomson and Glendyr Sacks. Cambridge Companions to Literature Ser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. . p.xvii-xxvii.
Willett, John. 1967. The Theatre of Bertolt Brecht: A Study from Eight Aspects. Third rev. ed. London: Methuen, 1977. .
Willett, John and Ralph Manheim. 1970. "Introduction." In Collected Plays: One by Bertolt Brecht. Ed. John Willett and Ralph Manheim. Bertolt Brecht: Plays, Poetry and Prose Ser. London: Methuen. . p.vii-xvii.
Calabro, Tony. 1990. Bertolt Brecht's Art of Dissemblance. Longwood Academic.
Notes
Plays by Bertolt Brecht
1922 plays
German Revolution of 1918–1919 |
5391955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittenden-3-6%20Vermont%20Representative%20District%2C%202002%E2%80%932012 | Chittenden-3-6 Vermont Representative District, 2002–2012 | The Chittenden-3-6 Representative District is a two-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont. It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 U.S. Census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010. A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 U.S. Census.
The Chittenden-3-6 District includes all of the Chittenden County city of Winooski, and a section of the city of Burlington defined as follows:
The rest of Burlington is in Chittenden-3-1, Chittenden-3-2, Chittenden-3-3, Chittenden-3-4 and Chittenden-3-5.
As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative (or 8,118 residents per two representatives). The two member Chittenden-3-6 District had a population of 8,174 in that same census, 0.69% above the state average.
District Representatives
Kenneth W. Atkins, Democrat
Clem Bissonnette, Democrat
See also
Members of the Vermont House of Representatives, 2005-2006 session
Vermont Representative Districts, 2002-2012
External links
Detail map of the Chittenden-3-1 through Chittenden-3-10 districts (PDF)
Vermont Statute defining legislative districts
Vermont House districts -- Statistics (PDF)
Vermont House of Representatives districts, 2002–2012
Burlington, Vermont
Winooski, Vermont |
3999237 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big%20South%20Fork%20National%20River%20and%20Recreation%20Area | Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area | The Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, commonly known as Big South Fork, preserves the Big South Fork of the Cumberland River and its tributaries in northeastern Tennessee and southeastern Kentucky.
Within it are reminders of the time when the area was subjected to logging and mining expansion. The community of No Business was located by No Business Creek in Tennessee; first settled in 1796, it had been abandoned by late 1960. In addition, the former mining community of Blue Heron, Kentucky is preserved and interpreted via signage.
The Big South Fork region contains one of the highest concentrations of natural bridges in the eastern United States and the area is located in parts of Scott, Fentress, Pickett, and Morgan counties in Tennessee, and McCreary County in Kentucky. Charit Creek Lodge is a wilderness lodge, accessible by trail, located within the park.
The Big South Fork was also legally designated a Kentucky Wild River by the Kentucky General Assembly through the Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves' Wild Rivers Program.
Geology
The Big South Fork's most prominent feature is the river gorge cutting through the softer Mississippian age rock beneath the hard Pennsylvanian capstone of the Cumberland Plateau. Water is the most influential agent of geologic change in the Big South Fork region. Over time water action has left many unique and amazing geologic features ranging from the river gorge with its magnificent bluffs to the natural arches and unusual hoodoos.
Due to the substantial amount of annual rainfall of the region and the action of the Cumberland River and surrounding tributaries the water acts to erode the softer Mississippian rock composed of limestone, shale, and calcareous sandstone from beneath the much harder and erosion resistant capstone composed of Pennsylvanian sandstone. Flowing water hollows out the softer layers beneath and forms waterfalls and gorges. Where there is hard capstone intact, arches can form creating natural bridges across streams or a dry ravines. Direct erosion widens a joint and forms a cavity below the more resilient rock thus creating a void between the hard capstone and the area below. As result, water eroded arches are formed in the Big South Fork. Hoodoos are a rare but intriguing feature occurring in the Big South Fork. These hoodoos form in a similar manner to those found in the western United States. Where tough capstone still exists on the side of a hill for instance, it prevents the erosion of the softer material below. The result is a naturally formed erect columnar rock where once was located a hill.
Gallery
References
External links
National Park Service National Recreation Areas
National Park Service areas in Kentucky
National Park Service areas in Tennessee
Protected areas of Fentress County, Tennessee
Protected areas of Morgan County, Tennessee
Protected areas of Pickett County, Tennessee
Protected areas of Scott County, Tennessee
Protected areas of McCreary County, Kentucky
Protected areas established in 1974
1974 establishments in Kentucky
1974 establishments in Tennessee |
3999238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Godfrey%20%28pioneer%29 | Henry Godfrey (pioneer) | Henry Godfrey (1824–1882) was an early 19th-century pioneer / settler of Victoria, Australia. He was born at Madras, India (now Chennai, India) on 4 June 1824, the son of Major John Race Godfrey, an East India Company man, and his wife Jane Octavia, née Woodhouse. Godfrey arrived in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia in 1843 as a young man of 19 years on the ship the Duke of Roxburgh, in company with Francis Russell Nixon, the first Bishop of Tasmania. He subsequently made his way to Victoria and settled on a number of pastoral runs or properties.
An amateur on the violincello, Godfrey was also an accomplished amateur sketcher and his sketchbook, now in the State Library of Victoria, contains hundreds of sketches from the voyage and the colonies, as well as some from England. The collection forms a significant pictorial record of the early colonial period of Port Phillip (Victoria) and Aboriginal life of the period.
Godfrey established himself on the Gobur Station on the Goulburn River (Victoria), the Boort Station on the Loddon River (Victoria), and owned the Nangunia Station near Berrigan in New South Wales, returning to England in 1864, where he died in London in 1882. His eldest son, Henry Polwhele, returned to Australia in 1874, where he died in 1917. Henry's brother, Frederic Race Godfrey, purchased Pevensey Station near Hay in New South Wales and remained in the colony where he became prominent for his public service.
Godfrey married Mary Polwhele in 1853 at St Clements, Truro, Cornwall. They had five children:
Henry Polwhele Godfrey, born 17 May 1854 in Exeter
Clarence Polwhele Godfrey, born 14 September 1855 in Exeter
Ernest William Godfrey, born 28 December 1856 in Melbourne
Bertram Godfrey, born 1860 at Boort Station, Victoria
Charles Montague Godfrey, born 29 April 1865 in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire
References
Henry Godfrey sketchbook
Rosemary Petheram, Down Under from Devon, Durham: The Pentland Press Limited, 1993
1824 births
1882 deaths
History of Victoria (Australia) |
3999255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrast-induced%20nephropathy | Contrast-induced nephropathy | Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a form of kidney damage in which there has been recent exposure to medical imaging contrast material without another clear cause for the acute kidney injury. CIN is classically defined as a serum creatinine increase of at least 25% and/or an absolute increase in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL after using iodine contrast agent without another clear cause for acute kidney injury, but other definitions have also been used.
Despite extensive speculation, the actual occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy has not been demonstrated in the literature. The mechanism of contrast-induced nephropathy is not entirely understood, but is thought to include direct damage from reactive oxygen species, contrast-induced increase in urine output, increased oxygen consumption, changes in dilation and narrowing of the blood vessels to the kidneys, and changes in urine viscosity.
Analysis of observational studies has shown that radiocontrast use in CT scanning is not causally related to changes in kidney function. Given the increasing doubts about the contribution of radiocontrast to acute kidney injury, the American College of Radiology has proposed the name Post-Contrast Acute Kidney Injury (PC-AKI) does not imply a causal role, with CIN or Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI) reserved for the rare cases where radiocontrast is likely to be causally related.
Risk factors
There are multiple risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy, whereof a review in 2016 emphasized chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, reduced intravascular volume, and old age.
Decreased kidney function
European guidelines classify a pre-existing decreased kidney function to be a risk factor of contrast-induced nephropathy in the following cases:
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 ml/min/1.73 m2 of body surface area before intra-arterial administration with first-pass renal exposure (not passing lungs or peripheral circulation before kidneys), or in the intensive care unit
eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 before intravenous administration or intra-arterial administration with second-pass renal exposure
Known or suspected acute kidney injury
To calculate estimated GFR from creatinine, European guidelines use the CKD-EPI formula in adults ≥ 18 years, and the revised Schwartz formula in children. Swedish guidelines recommends no specific formula in children because of lack of evidence, but on the other hand recommends GFR based on cystatin C rather than creatinine in those with abnormal muscle mass or liver failure or cirrhosis.
Roxana Mehran score
The Roxana Mehran score is a clinical prediction rule to estimate probability of nephropathy (increase ≥25% and/or ≥0.5 mg/dl in serum creatinine at 48 h):
Risk Factors:
Systolic blood pressure <80 mm Hg - 5 points (if systolic BP less than 80 mmHg for at least one hour requiring inotropic support)
Intra-arterial balloon pump - 5 points
Congestive heart failure, counting as NYHA class III (marked limitation in activity due to symptoms, even during less-than-ordinary activity) or worse, or history of pulmonary edema - 5 points
Age >75 y - 4 points
Hematocrit level <39% for men and <35% for women - 3 points
Diabetes mellitus- 3 points
Contrast media volume - 1 point for each 100 mL
Decreased kidney function:
Serum creatinine level >1.5 g/dL - 4 points
or
Estimated Glomerular filtration rate (online calculator)
2 for 40–60 mL/min/1.73 m2
4 for 20–40 mL/min/1.73 m2
6 for < 20 mL/min/1.73 m2
Scoring:
5 or less points
Risk of CIN - 7.5
Risk of Dialysis - 0.04%
6–10 points
Risk of CIN - 14.0
Risk of Dialysis - 0.12%
11–16 points
Risk of CIN - 26.1*
Risk of Dialysis - 1.09%
>16 points
Risk of CIN - 57.3
Risk of Dialysis - 12.8%
Other factors
European guidelines include the following procedure-related risk factors:
Large doses of contrast given intra-arterially with first-pass renal exposure
Use of contrast agents with high osmolality (limited use today)
Multiple contrast injections within 48-72 h. At least Swedish guidelines also include gadolinium MRI contrast agents in this aspect.
Swedish guidelines list the following additional risk factors:
Hypoxia
Cirrhosis
NSAID or nephrotoxic medication
Individuals on dialysis with residual renal function of at least 400 ml urine/24h
Individuals having undergone kidney transplantation
Prevention
The main alternatives in people with a risk of contrast-induced nephropathy are:
Adjustment of the radiocontrast dose
Treating or mitigating risk factors
Using no intravenous contrast for the investigation.
Switching to another modality such as ultrasonography or MRI.
Dose adjustment
According to European guidelines, the ratio of the contrast dose (in grams of iodine) divided by the absolute estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) should be less than 1.1 g/(ml/min) for intra-arterial contrast medium administration with first-pass renal exposure (not passing lungs or peripheral tissue before reaching the kidneys). Swedish guidelines are more restrictive, recommending a ratio of less than 0.5 g/(ml/min) in patients with risk factors and irrespective of route of administration, and even more caution in first-pass renal exposure.
Treating or mitigating risk factors
Hydration by drinking or intravenous volume expander, either before or after contrast administration, decreases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. Evidence also supports the use of N-acetylcysteine with intravenous saline among those getting low molecular weight contrast. The use of statins with N-acetylcysteine and intravenous saline is also supported.
Oral hydration may be as effective as the intravenous route for volume expansion to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy, according to a review in 2013.
Adenosine antagonists such as the methylxanthines theophylline and aminophylline, may help although studies have conflicting results.
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) by mouth twice a day, on the day before and of the procedure if creatinine clearance is estimated to be less than 60 mL/min [1.00 mL/s]) may reduce risk. Some authors believe the benefit is not overwhelming. A systematic review concluded that NAC is "likely to be beneficial" but did not recommend a specific dose.
Ascorbic acid may be protective against CIN, according to a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Diagnosis
The American College of Radiology currently recommends the usage of the AKIN criteria for the diagnosis of CIN or PC-AKI. The AKIN criteria states that the diagnosis is made if within 48 hours from intravascular contrast medium exposure one of the following occurs:
1) Absolute serum creatinine increase of ≥0.3 mg/dl (>26.4 µmol/L)
2) Relative serum creatinine increase of ≥50 % (≥1.5-fold above baseline)
3) Urine output reduced to ≤0.5 mL/kg/hour for at least 6 hours
Prognosis
It is unclear if CIN causes persisting decline in renal function since few studies has followed patients for more than 72 hours. In one meta-analysis the decline in renal function was shown to persist in 1.1 % of the patients with CIN.
Research directions
While there are currently no FDA-approved therapies for contrast-induced nephropathy, two therapies are currently being investigated. CorMedix is currently in the latter part of phase II clinical trials with approved phase III Special Protocol Assessment for CRMD001 (unique formulation Deferiprone) to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury and to slow progression of chronic kidney disease. Dosing trials began in June 2010 in the sixty patient trial.
There is also a phase III clinical trial of RenalGuard Therapy to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy. The therapy utilizes the RenalGuard System, which measures a person's urine output and infuses an equal volume of normal saline in real-time. The therapy involves connecting the person to the RenalGuard System, then injecting a low dose of the loop diuretic furosemide to induce high urine output rates.
A number of studies have reported the ability of RenalGuard to protect patients from CIN following catheterization procedures when compared to the standard of care, including: MYTHOS, which found RenalGuard to be superior to overnight hydration; REMEDIAL II, which found RenalGuard to be superior to sodium bicarbonate hydration; Protect-TAVI, which reported a significant reduction in post-procedural acute kidney injury (AKI) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) when using RenalGuard during the procedure, compared to standard therapy; and AKIGUARD, which showed significant improvement in long-term outcomes when using RenalGuard vs. standard therapy. Two meta-analysis of these results (Putzu and Mattathil) found RenalGuard consistently reduced kidney injury, dialysis, adverse events and mortality compared to standard therapy.
Clinical relevance
Recently, doubts regarding the significance of the phenomenon appeared in the scientific literature. Several studies have shown that Intravenous contrast material administration was not associated with excess risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), dialysis, or death, even among patients with comorbidities reported to predispose them to nephrotoxicity. Moreover, hydration, the most established prevention measure to prevent contrast induced nephropathy was shown to be ineffective in the POSEIDON trial, raising further doubts regarding the significance of this disease state. A meta-analysis of 28 studies of AKI after CT with radiocontrast showed no causal relationship between the use of radiocontrast and AKI.
References
External links
Radiology
Kidney diseases |
3999256 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dykstra | Dykstra | Dykstra is a Frisian surname describes a person who lived by a dyke. The suffix "-stra" is derived from old Germanic -sater, meaning sitter or dweller.
The name originates in the northern Netherlands province of Friesland. The name was originally spelled "Dijkstra". The name was "Americanized" to Dykstra after Frisian settlers arrived and settled in the United States. Many immigrants bearing the Dykstra surname arrived in the United States between 1840 and 1900, well before the United States experienced "waves of immigration." Most Dykstras were farmers and all belonged to the Dutch Reformed, and later the Christian Reformed Church. Large waves of emigrants also migrated to Brazil, namely to the town of Carambei. The Dykstra/Dijkstra family was integral to the settlement of the area and for the introduction of modern farming practices.
Many Dykstras settled in Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, California, New York, and New Jersey. Many eventually grew away from farming and settled in cities like Grand Rapids, Michigan, Holland, Michigan, and Chicago, Illinois. They became a very successful bunch in businesses such as medicine, dentistry, waste management, banking, and architecture.
People with the surname
B. D. Dykstra (1871–1955), American pastor, educator, and poet
Chloe Dykstra (born 1988), American model, actress and cosplayer
Clarence Addison Dykstra (1883-1950), American administrator
John Dykstra (born 1947), American motion picture special effects artist
John Dykstra (politician) (1875–1959), American state politician from Michigan
Kenny Dykstra, stage name of Ken Doane (born 1986), American wrestler
Lenny Dykstra (born 1963), American baseball player
Rick Dykstra (born 1966), Canadian politician
Russell Dykstra (born 1966), Australian actor
See also
Dijkstra, for a list of people with that surname
References
Dutch-language surnames
Surnames of Frisian origin
nl:Dijkstra
fi:Dijkstra |
3999260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada%20at%20the%201912%20Summer%20Olympics | Canada at the 1912 Summer Olympics | Canada competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden. 37 competitors, all men, took part in 30 events in 7 sports.
Medalists
Gold
George Goulding — Athletics, Men's 10 km Walk
George Hodgson — Swimming, Men's 400 m Freestyle
George Hodgson — Swimming, Men's 1500 m Freestyle
Silver
Duncan Gillis — Athletics, Men's Hammer Throw
Calvin Bricker — Athletics, Men's Long Jump
Bronze
Frank Lukeman — Athletics, Men's Pentathlon
William Halpenny — Athletics, Men's Pole Vault
Everard Butler — Rowing, Men's Single Sculls
Aquatics
Swimming
One swimmer competed for Canada at the 1912 Games. It was the second time the nation had competed in swimming, after similarly sending one swimmer to the 1908 Summer Olympics. George Hodgson won Canada's first Olympic swimming medals by taking the gold medals in both of his events, setting world records in each as well.
Ranks given for each swimmer are within the heat.
Men
Athletics
18 athletes competed for Canada in 1912. It was the country's fourth appearance in athletics, having competed in the sport each time the nation appeared at the Olympics. For the fourth straight time, Canada won exactly one athletics gold medal, this time with George Goulding's victory in the 10 kilometre racewalk. Calvin Bricker and Duncan Gillis added silver medals in the long jump and discus throw, respectively. William Halpenny earned one of the three bronze medals in the pole vault. Frank Lukeman, originally fourth in the pentathlon, received a bronze medal in 1913 when pentathlon winner Jim Thorpe was disqualified; Lukeman retained his upgraded placing even after Thorpe's reinstatement. The 4x100 metre relay team briefly held the Olympic record in that new event, though the team was eliminated in the semifinals.
Ranks given are within that athlete's heat for running events.
Cycling
Two cyclists represented Canada. It was the second appearance of the nation in cycling, in which Canada had previously competed in 1908. Frank Brown had the best time in the time trial, the only race held, placing 5th. Because Canada had fewer than four cyclists, the nation was not entered in the team time trial event.
Road cycling
Diving
Two divers, both men, represented Canada. It was Canada's second appearance in diving. Robert Zimmerman, who had previously been Canada's lone diver in 1908, improved upon his prior performance in advancing to the final and placing 5th.
Men
Rowing
Ten rowers represented Canada. It was the nation's third appearance in rowing. Butler took one of the bronze medals in the single sculls, giving Canada its fourth rowing bronze medal as the nation continued to seek its first gold in the sport after having won a silver in the eights 1904. The 1912 eights crew, including one member of that silver-winning team from 1904 and three members of the bronze-medal team of 1908, was eliminated in the first round when it lost by half a length to the eventual champions.
(Ranks given are within each crew's heat.)
Shooting
Three shooters represented Canada. It was the nation's second appearance in shooting; the 1912 team was much smaller and less successful than the 1908 squad, which had won four medals.
References
Nations at the 1912 Summer Olympics
1912
Olympics |
3999271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Mitchell%20%28figure%20skater%29 | David Mitchell (figure skater) | David Mitchell (born April 23, 1982) is an American retired ice dancer. He competed for most of his career with partner Loren Galler-Rabinowitz. Together they are the 2004 U.S. bronze medalists.
Career
Mitchell began skating at the age of eight and took up ice dancing at ten. He teamed up with Galler-Rabinowitz before the 1999 season, finishing fifth on the novice level at their first-time competition at the United States Figure Skating Championships. They went on to win the novice title in 2000 and the junior title in 2002. That, combined with their pewter medal in 2003 at the senior level, made them the first US figure skaters to medal at the Novice, Junior, and Senior levels at Nationals in a four-year span. The pair finished fourth in the 2003 World Junior Figure Skating Championships.
Galler-Rabinowitz and Mitchell won bronze at the 2004 U.S. Championships. They missed the following year's national championship due to surgery to repair torn cartilage in Mitchell's shoulder. Their bronze medal finish was noteworthy in that both teams who placed above them were at the time ineligible for the Olympics. Had the Olympics been held that year, Mitchell and Galler-Rabinowitz would have been the highest ranking US ice dancers sent.
The pair made news in late 2005 when Mitchell's mother campaigned against a bill that would make ice dancers Tanith Belbin and Maxim Zavozin U.S. citizens in time for the 2006 Winter Olympics. Despite her letter urging Senator Hillary Clinton to vote against it, the bill passed. The effort was moot, however: Galler-Rabinowitz and Mitchell only finished ninth at the 2006 U.S. Championships, which would not have scored the duo an Olympic berth even if the Belbin and Zavozin teams had been ineligible.
Mitchell retired after the 2005/2006 competitive season.
Personal life
Mitchell graduated from Tufts University in 2004 where he studied Political Science & Government and was a brother at Delta Tau Delta. He is currently attending Law School at the University of Florida.
Competitive highlights
(with Galler-Rabinowitz)
Programs
(with Galler-Rabinowitz)
References
External links
"2002 US National Junior Dance Champions," 5/03
"Loren Galler-Rabinowitz and David Mitchell; Dancers Excel in Multiple Endeavors," 4/1/04
1982 births
American male ice dancers
Living people
University of Florida alumni
Sportspeople from Ann Arbor, Michigan |
3999277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year-round%20school%20in%20the%20United%20States | Year-round school in the United States | Year-round school is the practice of having students attend school without the traditional summer vacation, which is believed to have been made necessary by agricultural practices in the past, the agrarian school calendar consisted of a short winter and a short summer term, so students could help with planting in the spring and harvest in the fall. In cities, schools were open most of the year (In 1842, New York City schools were open 248 days a year, although school attendance was not yet mandatory). (Now, as of 2021, there are usually 180 days per total school year.) summers were very hot before air conditioning was invented, so upper class and eventually middle-class families would flee the cities and take their children to the countryside. Schools in cities eventually start taking summers off. In the late 19th century a push was made for the standardization of urban and rural school calendars, and so the modern system was created. Ten percent of US public schools are currently using a year-round calendar. A research spotlight on year-round education discusses the year-round calendar. The basic year-round calendar generates through a 45-15 ratio. This refers to students staying in school for 45 days but then getting 15 days of break. Students do not receive the traditional Thanksgiving break, Christmas break, spring break, and summer vacation, but instead they have more frequent breaks throughout the entire year.
Switching to year-round schooling has many positive effects. One benefit is that teachers are then able to have a year-round job. Besides, they have more time to plan lessons and class activities while not taking as long to reteach information that students are unable to retain over their summer break. Another reason schools switch to year-round is that the students get more frequent breaks throughout the entire year, allowing students to get a break during every season. Some families are in favor of the year-round calendar because they are allowed to take vacations at different times of the year rather than specific time frames, this also allows families to spend more time together.
Another purpose of year-round schooling is to decrease overcrowding. Some schools operate on three different cycles of school which would have three groups going to school at different times. This would allow for a larger number of students to attend the same school while not having large class sizes. When this happens, it also allows for the school to be in constant use, rather than being unoccupied during breaks and summer.
A 2016 review summarized research on year-round schools as follows:
Year-round calendars can offer a way to reduce school crowding, A crowded school can adopt a multi-track year-round calendar, which staggers students so that different groups of students attend on different calendars, or "tracks", with some students attending while others are on break. In this way, the school can handle more students than it could if all students needed to be in school at the same time. Multi-track year-round calendars have been used to reduce crowding in California, greater Las Vegas, and greater Raleigh, North Carolina, among other places.
Compared to other ways to handle crowding—such as busing or portable classrooms—multi-track year-round calendars can be relatively inexpensive. However, if schools are open for longer, the operating and maintenance costs may increase by up to 10 percent.
Opposition
Businesses that rely on summer leisure time are not in favor of year-round calendars. Summer camps and amusement parks often lead political opposition to year-round calendars, but some opposition is led by upper middle class parents who value summer vacations. Rural areas rarely use year-round calendars because they conflict with farms' need for youth labor in summer.
References
Education issues
School types
Education policy
Education policy in the United States |
3999281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loren%20Galler-Rabinowitz | Loren Galler-Rabinowitz | Loren Galler-Rabinowitz (born January 19, 1986) is a physician, an American former ice dancer, and pageant titleholder. She is the 2004 U.S. ice dancing bronze medalist with David Mitchell and competed in the Miss America 2011 pageant.
Personal life
Loren Galler-Rabinowitz was born on January 19, 1986 in Boston, Massachusetts. The eldest child of Janina Galler, a psychiatrist and neurologist, and Burton Rabinowitz, a cardiologist, she has twin sisters, Arielle and Danielle. Her maternal grandparents, Eva and Henry Galler, were Polish Jews who survived the Holocaust and then lived in Sweden, where Janina was born, before moving to the United States.
Galler-Rabinowitz played the piano from the age of ten months and won the Massachusetts state piano competition in the junior high division. She graduated from The Park School and then from Buckingham Browne and Nichols School in Cambridge in 2004.
Medical career
After graduating from Harvard University in 2010, she enrolled at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, pursuing an MD degree. In 2015, Galler-Rabinowitz graduated from medical school an Alpha Omega Alpha member. In 2018, she completed an internal medicine residency at New York Presbyterian Columbia. In 2018, she began her fellowship in gastroenterology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York.
In 2018, The New England Journal of Medicine published Dr. Rabinowitz's perspective piece, "Recognizing Blind Spots — A Remedy for Gender Bias in Medicine?" In 2020, she was the first author of an article, "Addressing gender in gastroenterology: opportunities for change" that appeared in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.
Ice dancing career
Galler-Rabinowitz began figure skating at the age of two and moved into ice dancing when she was nine. She competed with partner David Mitchell from age 11 to 20. They were coached by Barret Brown, Tom Lescinski, and Karen Cullinan in Boston from 1998 to May 2004.
Galler-Rabinowitz/Mitchell won the 1999 North American Novice Challenge Skate in Toronto, the 2000 U.S. Eastern Sectional Championships (Novice), the 2000 U.S. Championships (Novice), the 2002 Eastern Sectional Championships (Junior), and the 2002 U.S. Championships (Junior). They placed fourth overall at the 2003 World Junior Championships, winning their two compulsory dances. They won the pewter medal at the 2003 U.S. Championships (senior) and a bronze medal at the 2004 U.S. Championships, a total of four national medals in four years.
In May 2004, Galler-Rabinowitz/Mitchell decided to relocate to Stamford, Connecticut to train under Natalia Dubova. In the 2004–05 season, they placed ninth at both of their Grand Prix events. In December 2004, Mitchell decide to undergo surgery to repair a grade two superior and anterior cartilage tear in the labrum of his left shoulder. As a result, the dance team missed the 2005 U.S. Championships and returned to competition the following season. They ended their partnership after placing ninth at the 2006 U.S. Championships.
In March 2011, the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame awarded her the Marty Glickman Award, as the female Jewish Athlete of the Year.
Programs
(with Mitchell)
Competitive highlights
With Mitchell
GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix
Pageants
Galler-Rabinowitz competed in the Miss Massachusetts USA 2010 pageant in 2009 and made the semi-finals. After winning the Miss Collegiate Area local pageant, she won the Miss Massachusetts title on June 26, 2010. She competed in the Miss America 2011 pageant in January 2011, and won the Children's Miracle Network's Miss Miracle Maker award for raising the most money for charity.
See also
List of Jewish figure skaters
References
External links
"2002 US National Junior Dance Champions," 5/03
1986 births
American female ice dancers
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American sportspeople
Living people
Figure skaters from Boston
Miss America 2011 delegates
American beauty pageant winners
Buckingham Browne & Nichols School alumni
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni
21st-century American Jews |
5391957 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mountains%20in%20Serbia | List of mountains in Serbia | Serbia is mountainous, with complex geology and parts of several mountain ranges: Dinaric Alps in the southwest, the northwestern corner of the Rila-Rhodope Mountains in the southeast of the country, Carpathian Mountains in the northeast, and Balkan Mountains and the easternmost section of Srednogorie mountain chain system in the east, separated by a group of dome mountains along the Morava river valley. The northern province of Vojvodina lies in the Pannonian plain, with several Pannonian island mountains. Mountains of Kosovo are listed in a separate article.
List
This is the list of mountains and their highest peaks in Serbia, excluding Kosovo. When a mountain has several major peaks, they are listed separately.
Peaks over 2,000 meters
The following lists only those mountain peaks which reach over 2,000 meters in height.
Notes
References
See also
Geography of Serbia
List of rivers in Serbia
List of lakes in Serbia
List of hills in Belgrade
Dinaric Alps
External links
Staze i Bogaze – A Guide Through Mountains of Balkans
Mountains in Serbia
Serbia
Mountains
Serbia |
5391960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Post-Crescent | The Post-Crescent | The Post-Crescent is a daily newspaper based in Appleton, Wisconsin. Part of the Gannett chain of newspapers, it is primarily distributed in numerous counties surrounding the Appleton/Fox Cities area.
History
The Appleton Crescent was formed in 1853 as a weekly newspaper, the same year that Appleton became a village. The Crescent was a determinedly Democratic newspaper, created by Samuel, James and John Ryan.
Edna Ferber, later a famed writer and Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist, became a reporter at the Appleton Crescent at the age of 17 and worked there for about 18 months, approximately 1902-1903.
The Crescents Jacksonian Democratic politics upset Republicans, and a second newspaper, The Appleton Motor, was formed by F.C. Meade on August 18, 1859. Meade was soon joined by Ryan's brother Francis.
While the two newspapers were bitter rivals, they did cooperate at times. When the Crescent suffered serious damage in 1863 from apparent arson, the Motor ran an article condemning the act. The Motor changed its name to The Appleton Post in 1887 after changing hands several times. The Posts buildings were damaged that year, and donations from the Crescent kept the paper open.The Appleton Post-Crescent was formed when the Post and the Crescent merged on February 2, 1920. The first paper was published on February 10, 1920. Editors decided to not align with either political party.
The Appleton Post-Crescent decided to purchase the Twin City News-Record, which had been formed when the Menasha Record and the Neenah News Times merged in 1949. The "Appleton" portion of the name was removed in 1964 to reflect that the newspaper reached farther than the city limits.
Publisher V.I. Minahan coined the term "the Fox Cities" in 1953, which is now a common term to describe the metropolitan Appleton area.
Ownership
Post Publishing owned the newspaper from 1920 until it was purchased by Gillett Communications on August 1, 1984, and was also a former owner of WLUK (Channel 11) in Green Bay, Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan's WLUC (Channel 6), WEAU (Channel 13) in Eau Claire, and Rochester, New York's WOKR (Channel 13). Gillett sold the newspaper four months later to Thomson Newspapers, while the television stations were sold to various parties. Thomson owned the paper until it was sold to Gannett on July 21, 2000.
In January 2018, Gannett announced plans to move the Post-Crescents printing operation from Appleton to Gannett's facility in Milwaukee. In May 2022, Gannett shifted the printing of the Post-Crescent and all the chain's Wisconsin newspapers to Peoria, Illinois.
Circulation
The circulation at the 1920 merger was 7,000. It grew to 40,000 by 1960 (when Appleton's population was 48,000). The circulation in 2003 was 53,600 on weekdays, more than 61,000 on Saturdays and nearly 70,000 on Sundays.
Notable journalists
Mary Agria
Edna Ferber (Appleton Daily Crescent)
References
External links
Official website
Official mobile website
Newspapers published in Wisconsin
Appleton, Wisconsin
Gannett publications
Newspapers established in 1853
1853 establishments in Wisconsin |
5391961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danilo%20Golubovi%C4%87 | Danilo Golubović | Danilo Golubović (born 21 October 1963) was the Deputy Minister in the Serbian Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management.
References
1963 births
Living people
Government ministers of Serbia |
3999292 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emtricitabine/tenofovir | Emtricitabine/tenofovir | Emtricitabine/tenofovir, sold under the brand name Truvada and Descovy among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. It contains the antiretroviral medications emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil. For treatment, it must be used in combination with other antiretroviral medications. For prevention before exposure, in those who are at high risk, it is recommended along with safer sex practices. It does not cure HIV/AIDS. Emtricitabine/tenofovir is taken by mouth.
Common side effects include headache, tiredness, trouble sleeping, abdominal pain, weight loss, and rash. Serious side effects may include high blood lactate levels and enlargement of the liver. Use of this medication during pregnancy does not appear to harm the baby, but has not been well studied.
Emtricitabine/tenofovir was approved for medical use in the United States in 2004. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In the United States, emtricitabine/tenofovir was under patent until 2020, but is now available as a generic worldwide.
Medical uses
Emtricitabine/tenofovir is used both to treat and to prevent HIV/AIDS. The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) recommends antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people with HIV/AIDS.
HIV prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the use of emtricitabine/tenofovir for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for uninfected, HIV-1 negative individuals that may be at risk for HIV-1 infection. A Cochrane systematic review found a 51% relative risk reduction of contracting HIV with both tenofovir alone and the tenofovir/emtricitabine combination. A JAMA systematic review found a similar relative risk reduction of 54% on average and greater reduction with greater adherence. It was approved for PrEP against HIV infection in the United States in 2012.
The CDC recommends PrEP be considered for the following high-risk groups:
Individuals in an ongoing sexual relationship with an HIV-positive partner
Gay or bisexual men who either have had anal sex without a condom or been diagnosed with an STD in the past six months
Heterosexual men or women who do not regularly use condoms during sex with partners of unknown HIV status who are substantial risk
Injection of drugs in the last six months with sharing of equipment
Serodiscordant heterosexual and homosexual partners. where one partner is HIV-positive and the other HIV-negative
The consideration of utilizing emtricitabine/tenofovir as a reduction strategy involves discussion with a health professional who can help the patient navigate the benefits and risks. Patients are advised to discuss any history of bone issues, kidney issues, or hepatitis B infection with their health care provider. Effectiveness of PrEP for prevention of infection is reliant on an individual's ability to take the medication consistently.
Emtricitabine/tenofovir is also used for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis. People who start taking emtricitabine/tenofovir see HIV reduction benefit up to 72 hours after starting, but the medicine must be taken for thirty days after a high-risk sexual event to ensure HIV transmission levels are optimally reduced.
Truvada as PrEP should not be used for individuals that are positive for HIV-1.
HIV treatment
Emtricitabine/tenofovir has been approved in the United States as part of antiretroviral combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1. The combination therapy is suggested as one of the options for adults who have not received any prior treatment for HIV infection.
Hepatitis B
Both emtricitabine and tenofovir are indicated for the treatment of hepatitis B, with the added benefit that they can target HIV for those with co-infection. Emtricitabine/tenofovir may also be considered for some antiviral resistant hepatitis B infections.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
In the United States, it is recommend that all pregnant HIV-infected women start antiretroviral therapy (ART) as early in pregnancy as possible to reduce risk of transmission. ART generally does not increase risk of birth defects with exception of dolutegravir, which is not recommended during first trimester of pregnancy only due to potential risk of neural tube defects.
Emtricitabine/tenofovir is secreted in breast milk. In developed countries, HIV-infected mothers are generally recommended to not breastfeed due to slight risk of mother-to-children HIV transmission. In developing countries, where avoiding breastfeeding may not be an option, the World Health Organization recommends a triple drug regimen of tenofovir, efavirenz, and either lamivudine or emtricitabine.
Side effects
Emtricitabine/tenofovir is generally well tolerated. Some of its side effects include:
Rare: lactic acidosis, liver dysfunction, worsening of hepatitis B infection
Common: headache, abdominal pain, decreased weight, nausea, diarrhea, and decreased bone density
Fat redistribution and accumulation (lipodystrophy) has been observed in people receiving antiretroviral therapy, including fat reductions in the face, limbs, and buttocks and increases in visceral fat of the abdomen and accumulations in the upper back. When used as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) this effect may not be present. Weight changes have however been linked to the medication.
Drug interactions
Other drugs with adverse reactions include dabigatran etexilate, lamivudine, and vincristine. Dabigatran etexilate used with p-glycoprotein inducers require monitoring of decreased levels and effects of dabigatran. Lamivudine may increase the adverse or toxic effect of emtricitabine. Vincristine used with P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 inducers can decrease the serum concentration of vincristine.
Society and culture
The patent for the drug combination is owned by Gilead Sciences in some regions. The European patent EP0915894B1 expired in July 2018, Gilead Sciences wished the patent to be extended, however "four rival labs—Teva, Accord Healthcare, Lupin and Mylan—had sought to have that overturned in the courts in Britain", the High Court of England and Wales invalidated Gilead's patent, however the company appealed and the UK referred the case to the European Court of Justice who refused to extend the patent. An Irish court rejected an injunction request to prevent the launch of generic Emtricitabine/tenofovir prior to the resolution of the case. Despite the expiration of the Gilead Sciences patent, as of 2021, there are still widespread challenges to the availability and uptake of generic PrEP throughout Europe.
In 2019, Gilead Sciences challenged patents held by the United States for the drug combination.
In the United Kingdom, PrEP is widely available to all at risk groups following the Department for Health and Social Care's decision to make it available across England from 2020. Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland made it available in 2017 and 2018.
References
External links
Fixed dose combination (antiretroviral)
Gilead Sciences
Hepatotoxins
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate
World Health Organization essential medicines |
3999297 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eltham%20High%20School | Eltham High School | Eltham High School is a secondary school in Victoria, Australia. It is located in Eltham, a suburb which is north-east from Melbourne. The school has 'free dress' policy and is the only non-uniform secondary school in the Eltham area.
Eltham High School's music program, has won numerous awards. The band was invited to play at the Chicago Midwest Clinic in 1997 and is one of the only high school bands to ever have attended the event.
A darkroom is available for student use and is capable of developing over 160 photographs per hour.
Year level structure
The year levels are broken up into three different groups which are:
Junior School (Transition and Year 7)
Middle School (Years 8–9)
Senior School (Years 10–12)
Student laptop initiative
At the end of 2011, Eltham High School started rolling out the One to One Laptop Program initiated by the then Rudd Government for the start of the 2012 school year. This program involved the purchase of several hundred Dell Inspiron M102z laptops, either under funding from the Australian National Secondary School Computer Fund (NSSCF) to provide access for students in Years 9–12 or funded through a lease agreement for students in Years 7 and 8.
This program has continued in 2013 with the roll out of more than 230 Dell XT3 tablet laptops to Year 7 students. All the notebooks in the program run a standard operating environment (SOE) provided by DEECD with a multitude of free and paid software. As of 2018, Eltham High School's chosen device was the Microsoft Surface Pro 4. The school also has licensing for a number of additional commercial software suites including Adobe Master Collection, which is available on all classroom and library computers and will be installed on select lease laptops dependent on student course enrolment.
Further changes to the school curriculum have been made since the implementation of the program. Since 2015 all Year 7 texts have been in digital format.
Sport
The Eltham Stallions Senior Boys Football Team won the 2013 School Sports Victoria State championship, led by football coach Steven McCrystal and Peter Nicholson.
Eltham High School also has an award-winning volleyball program that is currently led by Greg Thomas. The school recently won its 30th VSSSA pennant since 1996. The program has produced many outstanding volleyballers that have continued on to represent both Victoria and Australia at many championship competitions. Eltham High School is the most successful volleyball school in VSSSA history.
Notable alumni
Phillip Adams - broadcaster
Sharin Anderson - musician
Georgia Bonora - two time Australian Olympian and Commonwealth Games gold, silver and bronze medalist
Peter Brock - racing car driver
Emily Browning - actress
Cadel Evans - cyclist
Elyse Knowles - model
Lloyd Mash - cricket player
Ben Mendelsohn - actor
Peter Moore - Australian rules footballer
Daisy Pearce - Australian rules footballer
James Clancy Phelan - author
Tim Omaji - singer
Jordan Richards - volleyball player
Merrick Watts - broadcaster and comedian
Gabby Seymour - Australian rules footballer
Anneli Maley - Australian professional basketball
References
Eltham High School Website
Public high schools in Victoria (Australia)
Educational institutions established in 1926
1926 establishments in Australia |
5391969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princes%20Park%20%28stadium%29 | Princes Park (stadium) | Princes Park (or Carlton Recreation Ground, currently known by its sponsored name Ikon Park) is an Australian rules football ground located inside the wider Princes Park in the inner Melbourne suburb of Carlton North. It is a historic venue, having been the home ground of the Carlton Football Club since 1897.
Prior to a partial redevelopment the ground had a nominal capacity of 35,000, making it the third largest Australian rules football venue in Melbourne after the Melbourne Cricket Ground and Docklands Stadium. Princes Park hosted three grand finals during World War II, with a record attendance of 62,986 at the 1945 VFL Grand Final between Carlton and . After 2005, when the ground hosted its last Australian Football League (AFL) game, two stands were removed and replaced with an indoor training facility and administration building, reducing the capacity. Austadiums lists the current capacity of the stadium at around 21,176.
History
Princes Park was first used in 1897 by the Carlton Football Club, during the inaugural season of the VFL/AFL. The club went on to win 673 of its 962 VFL/AFL games at the venue. The Alderman Gardiner Stand was designed in 1903 and completed in stages between 1909 and 1913, as a mostly iron stand with original cast iron columns still in place. The Robert Heatley Stand was officially opened by Alderman Sir William Brunton on Saturday, 7 May 1932.
During World War II, Princes Park hosted three VFL grand finals – in 1942, 1943, and 1945. (The 1944 match was played at the Junction Oval.) The 1945 grand final, between Carlton and , attracted a record crowd of 62,986. Three weeks earlier, the semi-final between Carlton and had attracted 54,846 people. Those were the only two crowds of over 50,000 in the venue's history. The record home-and-away (i.e., non-finals) crowd was set in 1963, when 47,514 attended a match between Carlton and Geelong.
In 1952, Princes Park was originally selected to be the main stadium for the 1956 Melbourne Olympics, which would have resulted in a major redevelopment to accommodate up to 100,000 spectators. It was also expected that VFL finals would be transferred to the ground after the upgrade. However, in early 1953, the Olympic Organising Committee changed its decision, instead redeveloping the Melbourne Cricket Ground for the Olympics.
Princes Park was the venue for the second Ashes test of the 1992 Great Britain Lions tour, in which the visitors defeated Australia 33–10. In 1994, the Balmain Tigers played two New South Wales Rugby League premiership games at Princes Park. Work on the Legends Stand began in 1995 and was completed for opening on 25 April 1997. The roof, with its curved modern structure, ensured that the oval was now enclosed with a roof all the way around its circumference.
In 2005, it was decided to discontinue the use of the ground for AFL home and away games. A farewell AFL game was played at Princes Park on Saturday 21 May 2005. The game was contested between Carlton and Melbourne. It was the last of the suburban grounds in Melbourne to be used in the AFL. The result was an 18-point win to Melbourne. Also in the same year, the ground hosted matches from the Australian Football Multicultural Cup as well as finals for the 2005 Australian Football International Cup.
In January 2006, Graham Smorgon, then-president of the Carlton Football Club, announced a redevelopment proposal involving the demolition of most of the stands, returning much of the ground to parkland and the establishment of club training facilities and community centre. On 7 June 2006 it was announced that the stadium would receive a redevelopment to provide the Carlton with elite training and administration facilities. The proposed redevelopment incorporated a gymnasium, weights and stretch areas, a 4-lane, 25-metre indoor heated pool, medical offices and rehabilitation/treatment spaces, football administration offices, lecture theatre and meeting rooms and additional changing room facilities.
Women's football and upgrades
The inaugural match of the AFL Women's competition was held at the ground in February 2017. The game, featuring Carlton and Collingwood, attracted a capacity crowd of 24,568. The venue hosted the 2018 AFL Women's Grand Final. The success of the AFL Women's competition resulted in both state and federal governments allocating funding towards enhancement of the stadium's facilities, to enable it to become the home of women's football in Victoria. The Victorian Government committed $20 million in April 2018 to cater for the growth of women's football, which was followed the next year by $15 million from the Federal Government. The joint funding allows the venue to host a high performance women's training facility, with an upgraded oval, women's coaching education hub, sports injury prevention and research centre and allied health centre. Construction of the upgrades commenced in January 2021. Upon completion, the existing training and administration building will be refurbished, and the Pratt Stand will be demolished to make way for a match-day pavilion containing changing-rooms, an indoor training facility and permanent floodlights for night games.
Transport
Public transport to the venue is primarily by tram along Royal Parade directly adjoining the ground, or along Lygon St 700m east of the ground. It was served by North Carlton railway station, 700m north of the ground, until that station's closure in 1948; and by Royal Park railway station 1.1 km to the west thereafter.
Naming rights
The ground became known as Optus Oval in November 1993 due to a naming rights deal with telecommunications company Optus. In April 2006, it was announced that the naming rights for the stadium had once again been awarded, this time for a two-year term, during which the stadium was known as MC Labour Park. It was later re-named Visy Park. Since 2015, the ground has been commercially been known as Ikon Park.
Tenants
Australian rules football
Tenants of the ground for VFL/AFL home matches have been:
: the ground was Carlton's primary home ground continuously from 1897 until 2004, except in 2002 when it played only four games at the ground. A single farewell match was also played at the venue in 2005. The ground has been Carlton's training, social and administrative base continuously since 1897, remaining as such after the club stopped playing games there, and the club presently holds a 40-year lease on the venue which runs until 2035.
: used the ground as its home during 1942 and 1943, owing to its usual home ground at Lake Oval being used for military purposes during World War II.
: shared the ground with Carlton from 1967 until 1969 following its departure from the Brunswick Street Oval.
: following its departure from Glenferrie Oval, Hawthorn used the ground as its primary home ground for sixteen years from 1974 until 1989. Then from 1990 until 1991, the club split its home games approximately evenly between Princes Park and Waverley Park, before moving permanently to Waverley Park in 1992.
: after leaving Junction Oval and Victoria Park, Fitzroy spent a second stint at Princes Park and shared the ground with Carlton, using it as its primary home ground from 1987 until 1993, before moving to Western Oval seeking better rental terms.
: after leaving Western Oval, used the ground as its primary home ground for three seasons from 1997 until 1999.
Neutral venue: following Fitzroy's departure in 1994, an existing arrangement between Carlton and the AFL still required eighteen matches to be played there during the year; consequently, Fitzroy and the MCG's four co-tenants (, , and ) were each forced to play one or two home games at Optus Oval to make up the balance, including Fitzroy's last home game in the AFL. The practice ended in 1997 when the Western Bulldogs moved their home games to the venue. A similar arrangement occurred in 2002, when Carlton played only four games at the ground, forcing six neutral games to be staged at the ground to meet the new contractual minimum of nine. The unpopular venture was dropped at the end of the year, as all of the home teams in these neutral games lost money due to poor crowds and, in many cases, conflicting sponsorship deals.
The ground has hosted VFA/VFL grand finals on and off from 1990 to 2007 and again from 2019. Carlton's reserves team plays its VFL matches at the ground; and from 2012 until the dissolution of their affiliation in 2020, the Northern Blues, Carlton's , split their home games between Princes Park and Preston City Oval. From 2007 until 2010, the ground was the home ground of the Collingwood reserves, which was ironic considering that Collingwood and Carlton are bitter rivals in the AFL. Carlton's senior team has continued to play some pre-season and practice matches at the ground since it stopped playing premiership matches there.
Carlton's AFL Women's (AFLW) team plays its matches at the venue, as have some other clubs for specific matches.
Other sports
The venue's most notable alternative use was as a cricket ground. The ground has hosted seven first-class cricket matches, including three Sheffield Shield games, and two List A matches. Until 2000, the ground was the home of the Carlton Cricket Club in the Victorian Premier/District Cricket competition; in 2000, the club moved to the No. 1 Oval in the wider Princes Park area to enable the football club unlimited access to the venue for year-round training.
The Balmain Tigers took two games away from their traditional home Leichhardt Oval to Princes Park in the 1994 Winfield Cup. The highest crowd Balmain got was 14,762 turning up to see the Brisbane Broncos beat Balmain 36–14 in round 7 with Steve Renouf scoring 4 tries.
Other sports, including soccer, boxing and rugby, have also been played there. The ground was also host to a production of the opera Aida.
From the 2006 NRL season onwards, Visy Park was also the administrative headquarters for the Melbourne Storm rugby league club. The club relocated to the temporary home while plans were being made for the construction of a new purpose-built rectangular stadium next to the then-current Melbourne Storm home ground, Olympic Park Stadium.
References
15. ^ http://www.austadiums.com/sport/event.php?eventid=19268
External links
"Around the Grounds" - Web Documentary - Princes Park
Defunct Australian Football League grounds
Victorian Football League grounds
Sports venues in Melbourne
Cricket grounds in Australia
Sports venues completed in 1897
Rugby league stadiums in Australia
1897 establishments in Australia
Melbourne Rebels
AFL Women's grounds |
5391974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anime%20Punch%21 | Anime Punch! | Anime Punch was a Columbus, Ohio-based organization that hosts a number of events for fans of Japanese animation in the Central Ohio area. It originally began hosting an annual anime convention called Anime Punch, and subsequently branched out into hosting weekly social events, monthly lectures, and other regular events, in addition to three annual anime conventions. The convention ceased operations in September 2017, due to its con chair becoming a registered sex offender.
Armageddicon
The main event of Anime Punch!, Armageddicon focused exclusively on anime, eschewing the recent trend of conventions to attempt to cover anything and everything remotely related to Japan. Notably, Armageddicon also features a high density of educational, cultural and scholarly panels and workshops. During the 2008 convention, Anime Punch! Armageddicon became the first anime convention to adopt radio-frequency identification (RFID) in order to collect data about dealers' room entrances and panel attendance.
Event history
Revoluticon
Revoluticon was introduced for a debut in 2012 as a new line of events hosted by Anime Punch!. Whereas Armageddicon is entirely focused on anime with limited to no non-anime content, Revoluticon was billed as the anti-armageddicon. It is still aimed at anime fans, but only their tangential interests, with zero anime content. Covered subject matter includes video games, fantasy, science fiction, western animation, comic books, traditional Japanese culture, Japanese modern/pop culture, and cosplay.
Event History
Fieldcon
Fieldcon is another line of conventions that since 2006 has been hosted by Anime Punch! It takes place entirely outdoors without access to electricity, running water, or the internet. Its remote location in the AEP ReCreation Lands near The Wilds takes it far from most people, and even cellphone reception. Attendance is small, and events are informal.
Event history
References
External links
Ohio State University
Defunct anime conventions
Culture of Columbus, Ohio
Conventions in Ohio |
5391976 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regularity%20rally | Regularity rally | A regularity rally, also called time-speed-distance or TSD rally, is a type of motorsport rally with the object of driving each segment of a course in a specified time at a specified average speed. The rally is usually conducted on public roads, but sometimes includes off-road and track sections. Contestants usually compete in teams composed of an amateur driver and navigator. Teams usually start a regularity rally at fixed intervals, creating a field that is spread along the course.
Origins
Regularity rallying shares its origins with most types of rallying. Unlike the well-known 'special stage rallying' (which is commonly just called rallying), regularity rallying does not depend on the abilities of the driver at high-speed nor does it depend on the speed that the vehicle can achieve. For this reason, ordinary motor vehicles can be used. (Regularity rallies are commonly held for classic or even vintage cars, see below.) Regularity rallying, therefore, is a far less expensive sport and can be enjoyed by a far greater spectrum of people. With the commercialisation and increasing competitiveness of special stage rallying, many people have been financially excluded from the sport and have therefore created many cheaper alternatives. The closest motor sport to regularity rallying is road rallying. Unlike a road rally, a regularity rally focuses somewhat more on the maintenance of precise speeds and times rather than on navigation. Navigation does, however, still play an important role in regularity rallying.
Characteristics
A typical regularity rally may run for a few hours or it may run over a series of stages over a few days.
At the start, competitors are usually briefed about the event and may be required to submit their cars for inspection. Each team is given a route schedule prior to departure. This schedule contains information that the navigator will use to try to keep to the specified route and it contains information about the designated speeds and times for each segment of the route. On some rallies, more than one type of schedule may be prepared for different types of competitors.
Once a team is prepared, they will usually start the rally at a specific time unique to them. Along the route, the team will encounter marshals. The position of the marshals is usually not known to the teams. The time at which the team arrives at each marshal is recorded and used in the scoring. In some cases the marshals are hidden from view. Teams may also encounter open sections where they are guaranteed not to encounter marshals and are not subject to any time penalties. There may be various other features along the route including points at which teams must wait for an 'exact time of departure', points at which teams must record their own times, etc.
Every regularity rally should have a deterministic route schedule. This means that the organisers can work out the exact times that should be recorded for each team at all the relevant points along the route. The difference between a team's actual times and the correct times determine their penalties. (Lateness and earliness both attract penalties.) The team with the lowest number of penalties wins.
Equipment
It is usually possible to compete in a regularity rally using only a car (or sometimes a motorcycle) and a stopwatch, but many regularity rallyists use various devices in an attempt to reduce their total penalties. The rules of each rally determine which devices are permitted. Some common aids include:
Odometer: Odometers can range from the odometer included on the dashboard of most cars to specially manufactured rally odometers.
Speedometer: As with odometers, speedometers used by rallyists range from those built into the vehicle to specially manufactured rally speedometers.
Stopwatch: Accurate time is essential in regularity rallying.
GPS: GPS units provide speed, distance and navigational data, but there is some debate as to their usefulness in regularity rallying.
Computer: Computers ranging from custom-made units to laptops can be used in some regularity rallies.
Smartphone: Modern day smartphones and tablets allow the installation of apps that provide similar functionality to the previously mentioned devices.
Curta: This mechanical calculator was popular among contestants in rallies during the 1960s, 1970s and into the 1980s. It was affectionately known as the "pepper grinder" or "peppermill."
Roadbook or roadmap
The roadbook or logbook is a type of map encoded with the correct road to be followed. It counts for all the information about the distances, time and average speed that must be followed throughout the race. It is through these sheets that the navigator will direct, as well as pace, the driver. At the rally the book is divided into several sections that may be of the following types:
Regularity Tracks: are the passages in which the contestants must maintain a predetermined average speed, expressed in km/h. Averages are compatible with the type of road traversed.
Deslocation Tracks: are stages used between towns and displacements on main roads, which because of their characteristics, do not allow competitors to maintain a high average speed. In these parts a maximum time is specified to fulfill the stage, so competitors can complete them safely.
Neutral Tracks: are untimed stages used by competitors to replenish fuel, food, do maintenance or simply to rest during the race.
Classic Regularity Rallies
Often, regularity rallies are held for owners of classic cars. Since regularity rallies do not involve high speed, classic cars are able to participate on an equal footing with other cars. Regularity rallying provides a practical and inexpensive sport for classic car enthusiasts.
Historic Rally Championship is featured in the FIA (Automobile International Federation) championship.
The Rallye Glenwood Springs is the longest continuously running classic car rally in North America. It has been held annually since 1952, starting in Denver, CO and running over 120 miles through the Colorado Rockies to Glenwood Springs, CO.
The Cascade Classic Rally & Tour is a 4 day event held in Washington State and British Columbia in which participants travel over 400 miles over scenic back roads. The event has run annually since 1997 and is known for its fun and unique locations.
A popular specific variety of classic rallying is the 1/100 Regularity Rally.
References
TdS Racing
Road rallying |
5391985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hujum | Hujum | Hujum (; in Turkic languages, storming or assault, from ) was a series of policies and actions taken by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, initiated by Joseph Stalin, to remove all manifestations of gender inequality, especially on the archaic systems of female veiling and seclusion practiced in Central Asia. The era was often symbolized by the burning of the face-veil that women in the Muslim majority areas of the Soviet Union wore, but removal of the veil was not the sole goal of the campaign. The party recast their message of class revolution into the novel lexicon of women's liberation. By abolishing the means of oppression apparent in Central Asia and heralding in women's liberation, the Soviets believed they could clear the way for the construction of socialism. The campaign's purpose was to rapidly change the lives of women in Muslim societies so that they may participate in public life, paid work, education, and ultimately membership in the Communist Party. It was originally conceived to enforce laws that gave women in patriarchal societies equality by creating literacy programs and bringing women into the labor force.
The program was initiated on Women's Day, 8 March 1927, and it was a change from the Bolshevik policy of religious freedom for the Muslims in Central Asia. Contrary to its aim, Hujum was seen by many Muslims as outside foreigners, namely Russians, attempting to force their culture upon the indigenous population of Tajiks, Tatars, and Uzbeks. The veil inadvertently became a cultural identity marker. Wearing it became an act of religious and political defiance, and a sign of support for ethnic nationalism. However, over time the campaign was a success - female literacy rates increased, while polygamy, honor killing, underage marriage, and use of the veil diminished.
Pre-Soviet traditions
Veiling in Central Asia was intricately related to class, ethnicity, and religious practice. Prior to Soviet rule, Nomadic Kazakh, Kirgiz, and Turkmen women used a yashmak, a veil that covered only the mouth. The yashmak was applied in the presence of elders and was rooted in tribal rather than Islamic custom.
Tatars emigrating from Russia were unveiled. Though Muslim, they had been under Russian rule since the 17th century and were in many ways Europeanized. Only settled Uzbeks and Tajiks had strict veiling practices, which Tamerlane supposedly initiated. Even among this population, veiling depended on social class and location. Urban women veiled with (face veil) and paranji (body veil), although the cost of the veil prevented poorer women from using it. Rural Uzbeks, meanwhile, wore a chopan, a long robe that could be pulled up to cover the mouth in the presence of men.
Traditional culture
Pre-Soviet Central Asian culture and religion promoted female seclusion. Cultural mores strongly condemned unveiling as it was thought to lead to premarital or adulterous sex, a deep threat to Central Asian conceptions of family honor. Many mullahs also considered the full body veil Islamic, and strongly protested any attempts to alter it. Female seclusion in homes was encouraged for the same reasons although home seclusion was far more oppressive. Female quarters and male quarters existed separately, and women were not allowed in the presence of male non-relatives. Women from rich families were the most isolated as the family could afford to build numerous rooms and hire servants, removing the need for leaving the home. The traditional settled society encouraged seclusion as a way to protect family honor, as religiously necessary, and as a way of asserting male superiority over women.
The Jadids
Arrayed against the traditional practices stood the Jadids, elite Central Asians whose support for women's education would help spur Soviet era unveiling. Jadids were drawn primarily from the upper ranks of settled Uzbeks, the class in which veiling and seclusion were most prevalent. Very few were interested in banning the veil. However, Jadid nationalism did promote education for women, believing that only educated women could raise strong children. The Jadid's female relatives received good educations and would go on to form the core of Soviet-era feminism. The elite nature of the movement, however, restricted the education initiative to the upper class. Despite the Jadid's limited reach and modest goals, the mullahs criticized the Jadids harshly. Mullahs believed that education would lead to unveiling and subsequent immorality, an opinion most non-Jadids shared. The Jadids prepared the ground for women's rights in the Soviet era, but accomplished little outside their own circle.
Tsarist rule
Starting in the 1860s, the Tsarist occupation of Central Asia both increased the number who veiled and raised the status of veiling. Russia ruled Central Asia as one unit, called Turkestan, although certain zones retained domestic rule. The Tsarist government, while critical of veiling, kept separate laws for Russians and Central Asians in order to facilitate a peaceful, financially lucrative empire. Separate laws allowed prostitution in Russian zones, encouraging veiling as a firm way for Central Asian women to preserve their honor. Russian conquest also brought wealth and, subsequently, more Hajj participation. Hajj participation sparked a rise in religious observance, and in public displays of piety via the veil. Tsarist control thus primarily served to indirectly increase the veil's use.
Russian control shifted Central Asian's attitude toward the veil by encouraging Tatar immigration. Tatars had spent centuries under Russian rule and had adopted many European customs, including forgoing the veil. As Turkic speaking Muslims, they also had a unique engagement with Central Asian life. Faced with this synthesis of Islamic and western practice, Central Asian women began to question, if not outright attack, veiling. By opening up Central Asian society to Tatar immigration, Russians enabled the spread of ideas that conflicted with traditional Central Asian mores.
Soviet pre-Hujum policies
Although the communist revolution promised to redefine gender, Soviet rule until 1924 did little to alter women's status in Central Asia. From 1918 to 1922 Soviet troops fought against revived Khanates, basmachi rebels, and Tsarist armies. During this time Tsarist Turkestan was renamed the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (TASSR). Initial central control was so weak that Jadids, acting under the communist banner, provided the administrative and ruling class. The Jadid's legislated against polygamy, Sharia, and bride price, but did not enforce these rulings. Veiling remained unaddressed. Moscow did not press the case; it was more interested in reviving war-ravaged Central Asia than altering cultural norms. Earlier, Soviet pro-nationality policies encouraged veil wearing as a sign of ethnic difference between Turkmen and Uzbeks.
This era also saw the mullahs gradually split over women's rights. Many continued to decry the USSR's liberal rulings, while others saw women's rights as necessary towards staying relevant. While Soviets were ideologically interested in Women's Rights, local instability prevented bold policies or implementation.
1924 ushered in a limited campaign against the veil. In accordance with the Soviet pro-nationality policy, the TASSR was split into five republics: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. The Soviets also took this time to purge the Jadids from government, either through execution or exile. Soviet rule encouraged the founding of the anti-veiling Women's Division, or Zhenotdel. Few married women joined as their immediate community strongly condemned unveiling. Consequently, its workers were usually Jadid educated women or widows.
State policy, operating through the Women's Division encouraged unveiling through private initiative rather than state driven mass unveilings. Stories written by activist authors encouraged unveiling and emphasized that women were not morally degraded by the decision to unveil. These stories targeted widows and impoverished women, as they had the least to lose by unveiling. Despite the Division's attempts, few women choose to unveil. The few who did unveil usually had Jadid or communist families. While some women unveiled during trips to Russia, many re-veiled upon returning to Central Asia.
Still, the chachvon and paranji aided women's rights by calling attention to disparities between male and female power. Compared to the chachvon and paranji, nomadic women's yashmak veiled comparatively little and was applied only in the presence of elders. Soviet authorities took this as evidence of women's freedom and praised the nomad's gender norms. Women's rights, though, were still curtailed in nomadic culture. Women were not given the right to divorce, had fewer inheritance rights, and were generally under the sway of male decisions. While the Women's Division attempted to use the yashmak as a rallying call for women's rights, its low symbolic appeal relative to the chachvon stymied change. The post-Jadid, more explicitly communist government encouraged women's activism but ultimately was not strong enough to enact widespread change, either in settled or nomadic communities.
Soviet motivations
The hujum was part of a larger goal to "create a cohesive Soviet population in which all citizens would receive the same education, absorb the same ideology, and identify with the Soviet state as a whole." The state championed women's rights so they could substitute State control for patriarchal control of women.
Women's liberation essentially became a means to find Bolshevik allies among the indigenous peoples of Central Asia. Thus, women were seen as a massive, but dormant, group of potential allies for the Party that could be mobilized by propagating the party's message of gender equality and liberation. It became the central priority for the Soviet Union and the Zhenotdel (The Party's Women's Department) by March 1927 in Uzbekistan.
The Zhenotdel, mostly composed of women hailing from Russian and other Slavic areas, believed that such a campaign would be welcomed and adopted by the Muslim women in Central Asia. Throwing off the veil in public (an individual act of emancipation) was expected to correspond with (or catalyze) a leap upward in women's political consciousness and a complete transformation in her cultural outlook.
Launching the campaign
In 1927 Tashkent, Uzbekistan became the center of the campaign for women's liberation. The campaigns aimed to completely and swiftly eradicate the veils (paranji) that Muslim women wore in the presence of unrelated males.
The brunt of the campaign fell on the shoulders of the Slavic women of the Zhenotdel, who wished to complete the campaign in six months (allowing them to celebrate their success alongside the tenth anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution in October 1927). The hujum campaign was officially launched in Uzbekistan on International Women's Day (March 8, 1927).
Mechanics of the Hujum in Uzbekistan
To eradicate the intended target (that is, the paranji), the Zhenotdel workers designated their time to organizing public demonstrations on a grand scale, where fiery speeches and inspirational tales would speak for women's liberation. If all went according to plan, Uzbek women would cast off their paranjis en masse.
Usually, efforts to transform women were scheduled to follow or even accompany collectivization in most regions. By aligning collectivization with the hujum, the idea was that the Soviets could more easily control and intervene in the everyday life of the Uzbeks. In the beginning stages the hujum was not applied universally. Instead, only Communist Party members and their immediate families were required to participate in the campaign. The idea was that only after this portion of the campaign demonstrated the change in these families would it be spread to non-Communists, like trade-union members, factory workers, and schoolteachers.
Specifics of the campaign
"К наступлению!"(K nastupleniiu!) Meaning "To the Attack!" this phrase became the slogan associated with the hujum campaign. The Zhenotdel supplemented this assault with additional women's liberation institutions, which included the construction of women's clubs, the re-stocking of women's-only stores, and the fight against illiteracy among women.
In order to guarantee their hegemony over the indigenous population, Soviet authorities used direct physical force and coercion, along with laws and legal norms as a means to control the local populations and to propagate unveiling. Most women unveiled because they succumbed to the Party's coercive methods. The majority of women did not choose to unveil, they were either given orders directly from a government representative, or their husbands (under government pressure) told them to.
Uzbek reactions
Generally, the hujum met with resilience and resistance from the Uzbek population. Uzbeks outside the party ignored new laws, or subverted them in various ways. They utilized the weapons of the weak: protests, speeches, public meetings, petitions against the government, or a simple refusal to practice the laws.
Some welcomed the campaign, but these supporters often faced unrelenting insults, threats of violence, and other forms of harassment that made life especially difficult. Thus many Uzbek men and women who may have sympathized with the hujum campaign kept a low profile and opted out of the campaign altogether. Those brave enough to partake in the unveiling campaign were often ostracized, attacked, or even killed for their failure to defend tradition and Muslim law (shariah).
The Soviet attack on female veiling and seclusion proved to pin Party activists in direct confrontation with Islamic clergy, who vehemently opposed the campaign, some going so far as to advocate threats and attacks on unveiled women.
Every attack on the veil only proved to foment further resistance through the proliferation of the wearing of the veil among the Uzbeks. While Muslim cultural practices, such as female seclusion and the wearing of the paranji, were attacked by this campaign, they emerged from the hujum still deeply entrenched in Uzbek culture and society. Uzbek Communists were first and foremost loyal to their Uzbek Muslim culture and society. If the two clashed, they would most likely side with their own kind.
The fundamental problem of the hujum was that women were trapped between the Soviet state and their own society, with little agency to make their own decisions. In the male-dominated society of Uzbekistan, men often went to great lengths to prevent their wives from attending Soviet meetings and demonstrations. Fearing of the public opinions of their mahallas, many women decided against unveiling. The mahalla's judgment could be unmerciful. In Uzbekistan, there was little to no middle ground. If women resisted state pressure, they complied with social pressure, or vice versa. Women often sided with their husbands in their reaction to the hujum: they would follow their husband's instructions.
Murder proved an effective method of terrorizing women into re-veiling. It also served to remind women where they stood in the social hierarchy. These murders were not spontaneous eruptions, but premeditated attacks designed to demonstrate that the local community held more authority over women's actions than did the state. Infamous premeditated murders of women that unveiled included those of Nukhon Yuldasheva and Tursunoy Saidazimova.
An unveiling campaign was also carried out in the predominantly Shia Muslim Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. The unveiling campaign in Azerbaijan was supported by the outreach efforts of the Ali Bayramov Club women's organization. The unveiling campaign in Azerbaijan is commemorated by the Statue of a Liberated Woman, showing a woman unveiling, which was erected in Baku in 1960.
Outcomes
There was fierce debate surrounding the idea of making veiling illegal, but it was eventually abandoned. It was believed that Soviet law could not advance without the support of the local populations. However, with the proliferation of murders linked to unveiling, new laws were introduced in 1928 and 1929 that addressed women's personal safety. These laws, deeming attacks on unveiling as "counterrevolutionary" and as "terrorist acts" (meriting the death penalty), were designed to help local authorities defend women from harassment and violence.
In the private domestic domain, women's roles changed little, however their roles in the public domain as well as material conditions changed drastically, because of the hujum. The hujum's multifaceted approach to social and cultural reform in the form of women's liberation transformed women in public, breaking seclusion and creating new and active members of society. The concepts of women's abilities were transformed, but little progress was made in challenging gender ideals and roles.
Decades after the hujum was first launched, the paranji was eventually phased out nearly completely, and mature women took to wearing large, loose scarves to cover their heads instead of paranjis. As a result of Soviet initiatives, literacy rates in Uzbekistan in the 1950s reached 70 to 75 percent. Employment for women rose rapidly in the 1930s due to the hujum. Women were forced to work in the fields of the collective farms. By the late 1950s, women outnumbered men in the collective farms. Modernization's effects were clear in Uzbekistan: education was made available for most Uzbek regions, literacy rose, and health care was vastly improved.
See also
Women in Islam
Feminism
Niqāb
Honor killing
Violence against women
Nurkhon Yuldasheva
Tursunoi Saidazimova
Tadzhikhan Shadieva
Tamara Khanum
Hamza Hakimzade Niyazi
Yodgor Nasriddinova
Kashf-e hijab
Gruaja Shqiptare and the unveiling in Albania
Ali Bayramov Club and the unveiling in Azerbaijan
Huda Sha'arawi and the Egyptian unveiling of the 1920s.
Latife Uşaki and the Turkish unveiling of the 1920s.
Soraya Tarzi and the Afghan unveiling of the 1920s.
Humaira Begum and the Afghan unveiling of the 1950s.
Notes
References
Soviet Central Asia
Islamic female clothing
Islam in the Soviet Union
Feminism in the Soviet Union
Anti-religious campaign in the Soviet Union
Persecution by atheist states
Anti-Islam sentiment in Europe
Anti-Islam sentiment in Asia
Persecution of Muslims
Religious persecution by communists |
5391994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokka%20Hokka%20Tei | Hokka Hokka Tei | is a bento take-out chain with over 2,000 franchises and company-owned branches throughout Japan. It offers a variety of dishes, generally over rice, at relatively low price. Unlike competitors such as Yoshinoya beef-bowl and the various cheap curry establishments, there are no chairs or counters for inside-dining.
Hokka Hokka Tei is the major brand name of Plenus Co., Ltd., which used to be engaged in office equipment sales before it changed industries to the food industry in 1980.
Plenus Co., Ltd., has left the franchise and established a new brand, Hotto Motto. HURXLEY Corporation, which was a franchisor in eastern Japan, continues to run Hokka Hokka Tei.
See also
Hotto Motto by Plenus Co., Ltd.
External links
Hokka Hokka Tei Total headquarters
Hokka Hokka Tei Kansai region
Food and drink companies of Japan
Restaurants in Japan
Japanese restaurants
Restaurants established in 1980
Bento |
5392000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984%20National%20League%20Championship%20Series | 1984 National League Championship Series | The 1984 National League Championship Series was played between the San Diego Padres and the Chicago Cubs from October 2 to 7. San Diego won the series three games to two to advance to the World Series. It was the first postseason series ever for the Padres since the franchise's beginning in 1969, and the first appearance by the Cubs in postseason play since the 1945 World Series. Chicago took a 2–0 lead in the series, but San Diego prevailed after rebounding to win three straight, which contributed to the popular mythology of the "Curse of the Billy Goat" on the Cubs. The series was the 16th NLCS in all and the last to be played as a best-of-five. In 1985, the League Championship Series changed to a best-of-seven format.
Due to a strike by major league umpires, the first four games of the NLCS were played with replacement umpires. The umpires originally scheduled to work the series were John Kibler, Frank Pulli, Harry Wendelstedt, Ed Montague, Billy Williams and Bob Engel. Kibler worked Game 5 behind the plate with fellow veterans Paul Runge, John McSherry and Doug Harvey.
Summary
San Diego Padres vs. Chicago Cubs
Game summaries
Game 1
Tuesday, October 2, 1984, at Wrigley Field in Chicago
Bob Dernier and Gary Matthews hit home runs in the first off Eric Show, then Rick Sutcliffe also homered in the third. Later that inning, after a walk, single and fly out, Leon Durham's single and Keith Moreland's sacrifice fly scored a run each. The Cubs then blew the game open in the fifth off Greg Harris. A leadoff double and walk was followed by Matthews's three-run home run, then after a one-out walk and single, Jody Davis's single and Larry Bowa's groundout scored a run each. A walk and single loaded the bases before Ryne Sandberg's RBI single made it 11–0 Cubs. Next inning, Ron Cey's two-out home run off Harris made it 12–0 Cubs, then Davis doubled and scored the last run of the game on Bowa's single. Starting pitcher Rick Sutcliffe held the Padres to two hits over seven strong innings. The Cubs took a 1-0 series lead in a shutout Game 1. This was the Cubs' first postseason win and appearance since Game 7 of the 1945 World Series.
Game 2
Wednesday, October 3, 1984, at Wrigley Field in Chicago
Chicago's offense was considerably more subdued in Game 2, though their pitching remained almost as strong. Dernier again opened the scoring for the Cubs in the first off Mark Thurmond, singling to left and coming around to score on two groundouts. In the third, Keith Moreland singled with one out and scored on a double by Ron Cey, who moved to third on the throw to home and scored on Jody Davis's sacrifice fly. San Diego got one back in the fourth when Tony Gwynn doubled, moved to third on a groundout, and scored on a sacrifice fly by Kevin McReynolds off Steve Trout. But Chicago answered in the bottom of the fourth when Ryne Sandberg doubled in Dernier. San Diego cut the lead to 4–2 in the sixth when Alan Wiggins walked with one out, moved to second on a groundout, and scored on a single by Steve Garvey, but the Padres could get no closer against the strong pitching of Steve Trout. Lee Smith came on with one out in the ninth to get the save, and the Cubs were just one victory away from the World Series. The Cubs victory in Game 2 had Chicago's long-suffering fans dreaming of the franchise's first World Series championship since 1908, as they led the series 2-0.
Game 3
Thursday, October 4, 1984, at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego
The series moved to San Diego, and the Padres staved off elimination with a convincing 7–1 win. During pregame ceremonies, the normally reserved Padres shortstop Garry Templeton encouraged the crowd by waving his cap. He ended a Cubs' rally in the first inning with an acrobatic catch of a line drive from Leon Durham. However, San Diego actually fell behind 1–0 in the second when Chicago's Keith Moreland doubled and came home on Cey's single to center. The Cubs threatened to score more that inning, but Templeton made another excellent play, diving to his right on a line drive from Dernier that appeared destined for left field. But the Cubs would get no more off Padres starter Ed Whitson, while San Diego's bats finally came to life with seven runs in the fifth and sixth off of Dennis Eckersley. Terry Kennedy and Kevin McReynolds led off the fifth with back-to-back singles, then scored on Garry Templeton's double, giving San Diego their first lead of the series at 2–1. One out later, Templeton scored on Alan Wiggins's single to make it 3–1 Padres. Next inning, Tony Gwynn hit a leadoff single, moved to second on a groundout and scored on Graig Nettles's single. George Frazier relieved Eckersley and allowed a single to Kennedy before McReynolds's three-run home run gave the Padres a commanding 7–1 lead. Rich Gossage pitched a dominating ninth inning to wrap up the win for San Diego, their first postseason win in franchise history.
"It was the loudest crowd I've ever heard anywhere", said Gossage, a former New York Yankee. Gwynn agreed as well. Jack Murphy Stadium played "Cub-Busters", a parody of the theme song from the 1984 movie Ghostbusters. Cub-Busters T-shirts inspired from the movie were popular attire for Padres fans. Prior to the game, fans in the parking lot were lynching teddy bears, and singing the "We ain't 'fraid o' no Cubs" lyrics from "Cub-Busters".
Game 4
Saturday, October 6, 1984, at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego
Game 4 proved to be the most dramatic of the series, and it left many Cubs fans dreading another harsh disappointment for the franchise nicknamed the "lovable losers." The Padres jumped out to a 2–0 lead in the third off of Scott Sanderson on a sacrifice fly from Tony Gwynn with two on followed by a run-scoring double from Steve Garvey, but the Cubs took the lead in the fourth off of Tim Lollar on a two-run homer by Jody Davis after a leadoff walk followed by a shot by Leon Durham, who would later suffer ignominy in Game 5. The Padres tied the game in the fifth on an RBI single from Garvey, and took the lead in the seventh when Garvey singled in yet another run after two walks by Tim Stoddard. A passed ball allowed a second tally in the inning to make the score 5–3 San Diego. The Cubs bounced back in the eighth to tie the game off of Rich Gossage when Ryne Sandberg hit a leadoff single, stole second, and scored on an RBI single by Keith Moreland. Right fielder Henry Cotto pinch-ran for Moreland and scored on an RBI double from Davis.
With dominating closer Lee Smith on the mound for the Cubs in the bottom of the ninth, Gwynn singled to center with one out. Garvey then capped an extraordinary five-RBI game by launching a two-run walk-off home run to right center field at the 370 sign, just out of reach of leaping Cubs right fielder Henry Cotto. Previously, he had been hitless against Smith in eight career at bats. During the game, the Padres lost McReynolds for the season after he broke his wrist trying to break up a double play.
Game 5
Sunday, October 7, 1984, at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego
Leon Durham hit a two-run homer in the first after a two-out walk and Jody Davis added a homer in the second to give the Cubs a 3–0 lead off of Padres' starter Eric Show. Rick Sutcliffe, who was 17–1 since joining Chicago in a mid-June trade, and had also beaten the Padres twice in the regular season, allowed just two infield hits through five innings. However, two singles and a walk loaded the bases with no outs for San Diego in the sixth before back-to-back sacrifice flies by Graig Nettles and Terry Kennedy cut the Cubs lead to 3–2. In the bottom of the seventh, Carmelo Martínez led off the inning with a walk on four pitches from Sutcliffe and was sacrificed to second by Garry Templeton. Martínez scored when pinch hitter Tim Flannery's sharp grounder went under Durham's glove and through his legs for an error. Alan Wiggins singled Flannery to second. Gwynn followed with a hard grounder at Sandberg's feet, which the second baseman expect to stay low, but instead bounced over his head into right center for a double; Flannery and Wiggins scored to give the Padres a 5–3 lead as Gwynn reached third. Garvey followed with an RBI single to stretch the lead to 6–3. Steve Trout then replaced Sutcliffe and got out of the inning without further damage.
The Cubs got three baserunners over the final two innings against Gossage but could not score, and San Diego took home its first National League pennant. They became the first National League team to win a Championship Series after being down 2–0. Garvey finished the series batting .400 with seven RBIs, and was named the NLCS Most Valuable Player for the second time in his career. The Padres would go on to lose the World Series to the dominant Detroit Tigers in five games. The Cubs' inability to win the series after a 2–0 lead coupled with Durham's error added to the Curse of the Billy Goat lore regarding the Cubs' championship drought.
Composite box
1984 NLCS (3–2): San Diego Padres over Chicago Cubs
References
External links
Baseball-reference.com page for the 1984 NLCS
National League Championship Series
National League Championship Series
San Diego Padres postseason
Chicago Cubs postseason
National League Championship Series
National League Championship Series
1980s in Chicago
1984 in Illinois
1980s in San Diego
National League Championship Series
Sports competitions in San Diego
Sports competitions in Chicago
Wrigley Field |
5392001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backlist | Backlist | A backlist is a list of older books available from a publisher. This is opposed to newly-published titles, which is sometimes known as the frontlist.
Business
Building a strong backlist has traditionally been considered the best method to produce a profitable publishing house, as the most expensive aspects of the publishing process have already been paid for and the only remaining expenses are reproduction costs and author royalty.
"The backlist is the financial backbone of the book industry, accounting for 25 to 30 percent of the average publisher's sales," printed The New York Times. "Current titles, known as the front list, are often a gamble: they can become best sellers, but they are much more likely to disappear in a flood of returns from bookstores. By contrast, backlist books usually have predictable sales and revenues."
United States
In the US, backlist and midlist publications were negatively affected by the US Supreme Court decision in the 1979 case Thor Power Tool Company v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue. This decision reinterpreted rules for inventory depreciation, changing how book publishers had to account for unsold inventory each year, and their ability to depreciate it. Because stocks of unsold books could no longer be written down without proof of value, it became more efficient tax-wise for companies to simply destroy inventory.
The Thor decision caused publishers and booksellers to be much quicker to destroy stocks of poorly-selling books in order to realize a taxable loss. These books would previously have been kept in stock but written down to reflect the fact that not all of them were expected to sell. This has been somewhat mitigated by the development of online bookselling, which makes less popular titles more accessible to average readers. (For more on this phenomenon, see The Long Tail.)
Because this book is out of print, the publisher has an opening on its list, more cash to invest, and a serious need to replace the steady (if small) income stream that book would have generated. So the publisher must release not only the new title it would have published anyway, but a second new one, to make up for its lack of a backlist... This results in title proliferation, which itself promotes both lower advance orders on the part of major buyers, and a higher return rate. That means writers must write more, and sell more often, in order to survive.
Other industries
Recording companies also have backlists of music titles they have published.
References
Book publishing
Lists of books |
5392009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20Quay%20ferry%20wharf | Circular Quay ferry wharf | Circular Quay Ferry Wharf is a complex of wharves at Circular Quay, on Sydney Cove, that serves as the hub for the Sydney Harbour ferry network.
Layout
The Circular Quay ferry wharf complex consists of five double-sided wharves at 90 degrees to the shoreline, numbered 2 to 6. Wharves 3 to 5 are used exclusively by Sydney Ferries, wharf 2 west is used by Sydney Ferries, wharf 2 east is used by Manly Fast Ferries by while wharf 6 is used by other operators including Captain Cook Cruises. Each wharf has ticket selling facilities on both sides of the barriers as most other wharves do not have such facilities.
On the eastern side alongside Bennelong Apartments, is the Eastern Pontoon used by charter operators. On the western side, lie the Commissioners Steps and Harbour Masters Steps that are used by charter operators and water taxis.
When the Port Jackson & Manly Steamship Company introduced hydrofoils to the Manly service in the mid-1960s, a pontoon was attached to the eastern side of wharf 2 to allow the hydrofoils to berth without their foils fouling the wharf. This was removed when the hydrofoils were replaced by JetCats in 1991.
Wharf 3 is exclusively used by ferries on the Manly service. When the Freshwater class ferries were introduced in the 1980s, the wharf was rebuilt to accommodate their onboard gangways. It has a mezzanine level allowing ferries to disembark passengers from their upper decks. It also houses an office for Transdev Sydney Ferries. To better accommodate the larger ferries, wharf 3 is built higher from the water and this combined with differently configured Opal card readers and gates, means only Manly ferries can use the wharf.
Wharves 2 West, 4 and 5 are used interchangeably by Sydney Ferries.
Ferry services
Interchanges
The Circular Quay ferry wharf complex is adjacent to an elevated railway station of the same name. The station is served by Sydney Trains services on the Airport & South Line, Inner West & Leppington Line and the Bankstown Line.
South of the railway station is the Alfred Street bus terminus. A number of Transdev John Holland routes originate from there while two Big Bus Tours routes depart from George Street just north of Alfred Street.
References
External links
Circular Quay at Transport for New South Wales (Archived 10 June 2019)
Circular Quay Public Transport Map Transport for NSW
Ferry wharves in Sydney |
3999299 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20singles | 2003 French Open – Men's singles | Juan Carlos Ferrero defeated Martin Verkerk in the final, 6–1, 6–3, 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2003 French Open.
Albert Costa was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Ferrero in a rematch of the previous year's final.
As of the end of the 2022 Australian Open, this is the most recent major where future world No. 1 Roger Federer lost in the first round.
Seeds
Qualifying
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Bottom half
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
External links
Official Roland Garros 2003 Men's Singles Draw
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
2003 French Open – Men's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation
Men's Singles
French Open by year – Men's singles
French Open |
5392016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic%20combined%20at%20the%20Winter%20Olympics | Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics | The Nordic combined events have been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since 1924. The first competition involved 18 km cross-country skiing, followed by ski jumping.
History
Whoever earned the most points from both competitions won the event. At the 1952 Winter Olympics, the ski jumping was held first, followed by 18 km cross-country skiing. The cross-country skiing portion was reduced to 15 km at the 1956 Winter Olympics. The ski jumping styles would change over the years as well, from the Kongsberger technique after World War I to the Daescher technique in the 1950s to the current V-style from 1985 onwards.
The cross-country skiing technique would switch from classical to freestyle for all competitions beginning in 1985. At the 1988 Winter Olympics the Gundersen method was adopted, meaning the 15 km cross country portion would go from an interval start race to a pursuit race, so that whoever crossed the finish line first won the event.
The team event with a 3 x 10 km cross country relay started at the 1988 Winter Olympics, changing to the current 4 x 5 km cross-country relay at the 1998 Winter Olympics. The 7.5 km sprint event was added at the 2002 Winter Olympics. Nordic combined remains a men's only event as of the 2010 Winter Olympics. For the 2010 Winter Games, the 15 km Individual Gundersen which consisted of 2 jumps from the normal hill followed by 15 km cross country will be replaced by a 10 km individual normal hill event which will consist of one jump from the individual normal hill following by 10 km of cross country using the Gundersen system while the 7.5 km sprint will be replaced by the 10 km individual large hill event.
Today the International Ski Federation sanction no women's competitions. However it was decided in early-November 2016 that women's competitions were to be established at the Olympic Winter Games in 2022.
Events
Medal table
Sources (after the 2022 Winter Olympics):
Accurate as of 2022 Winter Olympics.
Number of Nordic combined skiers by nation
See also
List of Olympic venues in Nordic combined
References
International Olympic Committee information on the Nordic combined medalists. - accessed 17 February 2010.
External links
Sports at the Winter Olympics
Skiing at the Winter Olympics
Olympics |
5392017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodchester%20Mansion | Woodchester Mansion | Woodchester Mansion is an unfinished, Gothic revival mansion house in Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, England. It is on the site of an earlier house known as Spring Park. The mansion is a Grade I listed building.
The mansion was abandoned by its builders in the middle of construction, leaving behind a building that appears complete from the outside, but with floors, plaster and whole rooms missing inside. It has remained in this state since the mid-1870s.
The mansion's creator William Leigh bought the Woodchester Park estate for £100,000 in 1854, demolishing the existing house, which had been home to the Ducie family.
A colony of approximately 200 greater horseshoe bats reside within the attic of the mansion, and have been studied continuously since the mid-1950s.
History
The original manor house for Woodchester was in the heart of the settlement of Woodchester, next to the old church. After a succession of owners, the manor was granted to George Huntley in 1564. Subsequently, he decided to create a deer park, a little distance from the manor house, by both purchase and through the enclosure of common agricultural land in the Inchbrook Valley. A seven-mile long boundary wall surrounded the park and by 1610 a hunting lodge was built at the western end.
Ducie family
The expense of creating the park is thought to have nearly bankrupted the Huntleys and the manor and park were sold to Sir Robert Ducie in 1631. Later generations of the Ducie family decided to build a grand country house and, at the same time, create a magnificent landscaped park out of the deer park. Quite why this site was chosen will forever remain an enigma. The steep sides of the valley mean that for much of the year the sun is obscured. The house being positioned halfway down the length of the valley reduces the dramatic views that would have surely been seen if it had been built on a higher spot. The site is neither convenient nor easy for transport. As it was not the Ducie's principal residence, they may have looked at it more as an isolated retreat. In any case, they decided to extend and adapt the hunting lodge and lay out a formal garden, and although a precise start date is not known, the house – called Spring Park – was constructed during the 1740s. Certainly by 1750 it was finished, as Frederick, Prince of Wales stayed – and in 1788, George III visited.
Before the visit of George III – and only 30 years after the formal gardens were established – a start was made on extensively re-landscaping the grounds from plans drawn-up by John Speyers, working with Capability Brown. This plan removed the more formal aspect of the garden to create a naturalistic park. Part of the plan also turned a group of small fishponds into a series of lakes – and this was done in the late 18th or early 19th century.
Not only was the park remodelled but the house too – several times in the 1770s and 1830s (including the reintroduction of a more formal garden area by Humphry Repton) but in 1840 when the 2nd Earl Ducie wanted further alterations and repairs, the estimate was thought to be too great and the estate was sold to William Leigh, a wealthy merchant.
William Leigh
William Leigh was born in Liverpool, and educated at Oxford and Eton. At the time of the purchase he was living at Little Aston Hall in Staffordshire, where he had recently converted to the Roman Catholic faith. This and the Gothic Revival style in architecture were fashionable, and formed the ideology for the new house. He approached Augustus Pugin to draw up the plans.
Pugin drew up plans for the house but in 1846 he became ill and the project was allowed to drop. Leigh meanwhile gave land in South Woodchester to a community of Roman Catholic Passionist fathers for a monastery and church. He then turned to Charles Francis Hansom, whose brother designed the famous Hansom cab of Victorian London, to take over the architectural planning.
In 1857 Leigh dropped Hansom, and unexpectedly hired Benjamin Bucknall, a young man who was an aspiring architect and assistant to Hansom, but very inexperienced. Bucknall set about studying Gothic Revival architecture – the result, Woodchester Mansion, is Bucknall's masterpiece.
Woodchester Mansion was constructed from 1858 to 1870, and finally in 1873, when William Leigh died, all work stopped.
It may be surmised that Leigh's surviving family were less keen on the design for shortly after Leigh's death they asked another architect, James Wilson of Bath, Somerset, to propose a new design. This he did in his flamboyant Italianate style, but the cost of completing a new mansion was too great for any of them to afford. (Indeed, it raises the question of how they ever thought they could both demolish and build a completely new building, but clearly it underlines that they did not share their father's passion for living in monastic conditions.) Wilson had his own opinion of the site and wanted the family to build, if they were going to, in a new location in the valley.
Wilson wrote:
In the meantime, Bucknall had moved to Algiers where he worked on domestic projects and villas. The reason for his move is unknown, although poor health is one reason put forward, but without doubt he must have been bitterly disappointed that his grand vision and architectural statement had not been realised. Indeed, in 1878 he wrote to Leigh's son:
In 1894 Cardinal Vaughan paid a visit to the house, and the drawing room was updated, but from that day on the house stood often empty. The next heir, Vincent Leigh, briefly lived in part of the house, and his sisters in the gatehouse.
20th century
In 1938, William Leigh's granddaughters, Blanche and Beatrice, sold the house – and what was left of the estate – to a mental health charity, the Barnwood House Trust. They intended to convert the mansion into a mental hospital, but subsequently this plan was shelved. During the Second World War, the grounds were used as a billet for Canadian and American troops, and the mansion itself used by St Paul's Teacher Training College. It was then abandoned to the elements. Fortunately, its isolated position meant it did not suffer from vandalism; it was not redeveloped.
Local people ensured it never fell into total disrepair and the mansion and a small area of surrounding land was eventually purchased by Stroud District Council, who leased it to a building restoration trust, the Woodchester Mansion Trust, in 1992. A board of Trustees manage the mansion and open it to the public from April 1 to October 31 on Fridays to Sundays and Bank Holiday Mondays (i.e. closed every Monday unless a Bank Holiday) with the aid of volunteers. The Trust also operates a programme of training courses in stone conservation and craftsmanship at the mansion.
Parkland and buildings
The parkland around the mansion is owned by the National Trust, and is open to the public as part of its Woodchester Park. Woodchester Park includes several buildings including a gatehouse, boathouse, several cottages and an ice house. There are several large lakes with many paths and walks through the fields and woods. Much of Woodchester village was owned by Woodchester Park.
Entrance to the park is free with a National Trust pay-and-display car park near the entrance, situated at the western end of the park, off the B4066 road. Toilets for Mansion visitors are provided near the mansion, these are only open when the Mansion is open to the public. The mansion itself has an entrance fee.
In popular culture
In 1982 a programme in the BBC wildlife series Naturewatch, starring Julian Pettifer, was filmed in Woodchester Park. The topic was Magnetoreception.
In 2002 a team of six sceptics and believers of the paranormal, visited the mansion for an episode of LivingTV's Scream Team.
The television programme Most Haunted Live featured the house in 2003, and again in 2005. It has become a regular haunt for ghost hunters. The building has featured on several television programmes, including the ghost hunting show Hauntings and Scariest Places On Earth. The mansion is also featured on an episode of Ghost Hunters International.
In 2003, several scenes from an episode of ITV's Magick Eve concerning the Gothic subculture were filmed within the house along with a performance by the UK Goth band Cauda Pavonis. In the 2006 BBC production of Dracula, Woodchester Mansion was used as Dracula's (played by Marc Warren) dilapidated castle. The library on the ground floor (one of only a few rooms completed within the house) was used as the guest bedroom in which Jonathan Harker (Rafe Spall) was murdered and Abraham Van Helsing (David Suchet) attacked by Dracula.
Woodchester Park, including the mansion, was the setting for much of the action in the 2012 novel Caballito by Robin Baker. Under the fictional name of Inchfield Park the valley is occupied by a commune made up of Animists and Wiccans and becomes the scene of a suspected murder.
The mansion is shown (with some temporary adjustments) as Gordonstoun in the second series of The Crown. More recently, opening scenes for HBO's His Dark Materials were filmed with the mansion acting as Jordan College, Oxford.
References
Further reading
External links
Woodchester Park official web site
Bat roosts
Country houses in Gloucestershire
Grade I listed houses in Gloucestershire
Tourist attractions in Gloucestershire
Historic house museums in Gloucestershire
Stroud District
Unfinished buildings and structures
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire
Sites of Special Scientific Interest notified in 1966
Cotswolds
Gardens by Capability Brown |
3999301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomena%20%28film%29 | Phenomena (film) | Phenomena (released in English-speaking countries edited as Creepers) is a 1985 Italian supernatural giallo film directed by Dario Argento and starring Jennifer Connelly, Daria Nicolodi, and Donald Pleasence. Its plot focuses on a girl at a remote Swiss boarding school who discovers she has psychic powers that allow her to communicate with insects and uses them to pursue a serial killer who is butchering young women at and around the school.
After its release in Italy, Phenomena was purchased for distribution in the United States by New Line Cinema, who excised over 20 minutes of the original cut, releasing it under the alternate title Creepers. This shortened version was also released in the United Kingdom the following year in the spring of 1986.
Plot
After missing a bus in the Swiss countryside, a 14-year-old Danish tourist, Vera Brandt, tries looking for help. She comes across a home and is attacked by a stranger, who proceeds to behead her with scissors.
Eight months later, Jennifer Corvino, the American daughter of a famous actor, arrives at the Swiss Richard Wagner Academy for Girls, chaperoned by Frau Brückner, who places her with roommate Sophie. While sleepwalking through the academy and out onto the roof, Jennifer witnesses a student being murdered. She awakens and falls, fleeing and becoming lost in the woods. Forensic entomologist John McGregor's chimpanzee, Inga, finds her and leads her to him. Witnessing her apparent interaction with his insects, McGregor comes to believe she has a special gift for telepathy with them. Inspector Rudolf Geiger is on the case alongside McGregor. Back at the academy, the headmistress has Jennifer medically tested via EEG for her sleepwalking. The procedure makes Jennifer uneasy when she gets brief visions of the previous night's events.
Following a tryst the same night, Sophie is murdered and Jennifer sleepwalks again. When she goes outside, a firefly leads her to a maggot-infested glove. The next day, she shows it to McGregor, who identifies the maggots as Great Sarcophagus flies, which are drawn to decaying human flesh. He theorises that the killer has been keeping his victims close to him post-mortem, unintentionally collecting the larvae on himself whilst physically interacting with the victims. They are dealing with a psychopath.
Later, when the other students taunt Jennifer for her connection to insects, she summons a swarm of flies that covers the entire building, then faints. Convinced that Jennifer is "diabolic" and possibly responsible for the killings, the headmistress arranges for her to be transferred to a mental hospital. Jennifer flees to McGregor's home. He gives her a glass case with a Great Sarcophagus fly and suggests she use it to track the murderer. The fly leads her to the same house Vera had found earlier and Geiger talks with the real estate agent.
That night, McGregor is murdered in his home. With nowhere left to go, Jennifer calls her father's lawyer Morris Shapiro for help. He alerts Brückner, who offers to let the girl stay at her house overnight. Brückner insists that Jennifer take pills before she goes to bed; when she does so, she becomes sick and assuming that the pills were poisonous, coughs them up. She attempts to call Morris but is knocked unconscious by Brückner. Geiger arrives and is attacked by Brückner.
After waking, Jennifer engineers her escape through a large hole in the floor that leads into a basement. There, she falls in a pool infested with maggots and dead bodies. Geiger is in the room, above Jennifer, struggling to free himself from chains attached to his wrists. Brückner taunts Jennifer, but Geiger frees himself and furiously beats Brückner long enough to let Jennifer escape.
Jennifer passes a room from which she hears sobbing. She finds Brückner's son, who has a hideously deformed face; the result of a rape when Brückner was in a psychiatric asylum. He chases Jennifer onto a motorboat and tries to kill her, but she summons a swarm of flies that attack him, causing him to fall into the water. Jennifer is also forced to jump into the water as the motorboat explodes, whereupon the child grabs her, but he is eventually killed. Jennifer reaches the shore just as Morris appears. An severely injured and disfigured Brückner decapitates him from behind with a metal sheet and then leans over Jennifer, threatening her with the same fate before madly confessing that she murdered McGregor and Geiger out of fear that harm would have befallen her and her son. A wrathful Inga attacks Brückner and brutally kills her with a straight-razor in retribution for her beloved master.
With the ordeal over, Jennifer and Inga embrace.
Cast
Production
Soundtrack
Unlike Argento's previous films, Phenomena adopts a mid-1980s trend of containing popular songs in the soundtrack. This includes original compositions from artists such as Bill Wyman and Claudio Simonetti, with the solo soprano voice of Pina Magri, heavy metal music by artists like Iron Maiden as well as goth favorites such as Sex Gang Children. The band Goblin is credited as contributing to the score, including two cues from their score from Dawn of the Dead, which are faintly heard when the character Sophie watches television in the film as well as a handful of original themes recorded for the film and credited to the group.
Cinevox released the soundtrack to the film in 1985 on vinyl, which included parts of the film's score and the rock music tracks. A compact disc edition was released by Cinevox in 1987. Enigma Records issued a vinyl release in 1985 bearing the Creepers title in the United States.
In 2018, the complete soundtrack was released for the first time by Waxwork Records on a double LP. It included alternate, bonus, and unused tracks.
Release
Phenomena was released theatrically in Italy on 31 January 1985 with a 116-minute running time. This version of Phenomena is often referred to as the "integral cut". A shorter version of the film was prepared for international release that had a 110-minute running time. This version of the film only cuts out minor material from the "integral cut" with most being a few frames at the end and beginning of shots.
In the United States, the film was acquired for distribution by New Line Cinema, who released it on 30 August 1985 under the alternative title Creepers. This version of the film was truncated to 83 minutes, with scenes cut entirely and other scenes being re-ordered. Creepers also had music segue between scenes where previously they had no music and the loss of the song "Locomotive" by Motörhead. Troy Howarth, author of So Deadly, So Perverse: 50 Years of Italian Giallo Films described Creepers as being the last of Argento's films to receive "any kind of meaningful theatrical release" in the United States. The film was released in the United Kingdom in its shortened cut as Creepers in April 1986.
Critical response
Jon Pareles of The New York Times reviewed the Creepers cut of the film, finding that it "creaks along for its first hour or so, failing to work up any chills" and found the acting poor, writing that "The best acting is by an expressive, resourceful chimpanzee - definitely the year's Best Supporting Primate." Kim Newman (Monthly Film Bulletin) said the film contained "astonishingly awful performances" and that the dialogue contained several unintentionally humorous lines, which Newman attributed to a language problem. Newman discussed the film's look and style, opining that "Argento's films have their stylishness to fall back on, but here he is experimenting with a washed-out blue look influenced by Possession that works in short scenes but becomes wearying after a few minutes". Newman commented that Argento "goes for sickness after the manner of Lucio Fulci", noting gross-out scenes involving vomiting and violent deaths of actors portrayed by Argento's daughter and wife. The Guardian declared that Creepers was "Argento at his most throw away" and that the film paled in comparison to earlier efforts such as The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970) or Suspiria (1977). Commenting on the acting, the review stated that "Pleasence does his best with the script, Jennifer Connelly doesn't even bother to do battle".
The New York Daily News published a review in which they deemed Creepers "a boring, poorly told exercise in gratuitous nausea and Grand Guignol gore, padded with seemingly interminable stretches of static filler," though they conceded that it "boasts a semi-original premise for a slasher movie." The Times found that the film contained traces of previous Argento films, "But the march of time and commercial success seem to have dulled the director's previous panache: Creepers just drags its feet from one absurdity to the next." The Sunday Times found Creepers "only intermittently frightening" and an audience with "a taste for discreetly revealed schoolgirl thigh and/or insects will not be completely disappointed".
Malcolm Johnson of the Hartford Courant criticized some of the film's special effects, but concluded: "Otherwise, Argento displays his customary skill at horror chic. He plays Old World elegance against horrific sights as electronic scoring and macabre rock songs by Bill Wyman, Iron Maiden, and others give Creepers a loud, mad buzz."
In retrospective reviews, John Kenneth Muir discussed the film in his overview of horror films from the 1980s, finding Phenomena to be "unusual" as well as "strangely stirring", and that the imagery in the film is "nothing short of amazing, even if the narrative is muddled."
Home media
Creepers was released in the United States on VHS and Betamax in 1986 by Media Home Entertainment. This release still had the shorter theatrical run time. By March 29, Creepers entered Billboard'''s Top Videocassettes Rentals chart. This chart was compiled from a national sample of retail store rental reports. By April 5, the release was at number 29 in the charts.
The film was first released on DVD in North America by Anchor Bay Entertainment as Phenomena, where it used the 110 minute version of the film. Synapse Films released the film on Blu-ray in the United States on 15 November 2016, which included the shorter version titled Creepers as well as the 116 and 110 minute versions of Phenomena. Arrow Video released Phenomena in the United Kingdom in 2017 including the integral version, the international cut and the Creepers version. Arrow's Blu-ray was among the top ten top-selling home video releases in the United Kingdom on its initial release. In February 2022, Arrow reissued the film in 4K UHD Blu-ray format in three different limited editions, each featuring alternate artwork; one of the editions, available only through Arrow's online store, features artwork bearing the Creepers title. Synapse Films also reissued a 4K UHD Blu-ray in North America.
Legacy
Japanese video game developer Hifumi Kono created his video game Clock Tower (1995) which borrows many ideas from Phenomena''.
References
Sources
External links
1985 films
1985 horror films
1985 independent films
1980s supernatural horror films
Boarding school films
English-language films
English-language Italian films
Italian exploitation films
Films about insects
Films about primates
Films about telepathy
Films directed by Dario Argento
Films scored by Simon Boswell
Films set in Switzerland
Films shot in Switzerland
Films with screenplays by Dario Argento
Giallo films
Italian independent films
Italian supernatural horror films
Italian serial killer films
Mystery horror films
New Line Cinema films |
5392023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NI%20Multisim | NI Multisim | NI Multisim (formerly MultiSIM) is an electronic schematic capture and simulation program which is part of a suite of circuit design programs, along with NI Ultiboard. Multisim is one of the few circuit design programs to employ the original Berkeley SPICE based software simulation. Multisim was originally created by a company named Electronics Workbench Group, which is now a division of National Instruments. Multisim includes microcontroller simulation (formerly known as MultiMCU), as well as integrated import and export features to the printed circuit board layout software in the suite, NI Ultiboard.
Multisim is widely used in academia and industry for circuits education, electronic schematic design and SPICE simulation.
History
Multisim was originally called Electronics Workbench and created by a company called Interactive Image Technologies. At the time it was mainly used as an educational tool to teach electronics technician and electronics engineering programs in colleges and universities. National Instruments has maintained this educational legacy, with a specific version of Multisim with features developed for teaching electronics.
In 1999, Multisim was integrated with Ultiboard after the original company merged with Ultimate Technology, a PCB layout software company.
In 2005, Interactive Image Technologies was acquired by National Instruments Electronics Workbench Group and Multisim was renamed to NI Multisim.
Pricing
See also
Comparison of EDA software
List of free electronics circuit simulators
Proteus Design Suite
Qucs
NI Ultiboard, the PCB layout software that is integrated with Multisim.
OrCAD
References
External links
National Instruments Circuit Design Community Circuit design blog and community to share components, models and footprints
Download Link for NI Multisim Allows a 30-day evaluation of the software
Introduction to Multisim Schematic Capture and SPICE Simulation
Getting Started with NI Ultiboard
Electronic design automation software
Electronic circuit simulators |
5392045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan%20patient | Orphan patient | In health care, an orphan patient is a patient who has been "lost" within the system or has no primary provider overseeing their care.
Usually, the primary provider is a general practitioner who takes care of some of the basic health needs and then refers to a specialist for complicated medical problems. Thus, orphan patients are sometimes referred to as "no-family-doctor" patients. The view from insiders and health care providers is that orphan patients tend to receive inferior care compared to those who have a "gatekeeper" coordinating the medicine.
The Wordspy entry for this phrase is as follows :
Contributing factors
There are multiple factors that are contributing to the orphan patient problem in North America. Some of them include:
problems maintaining a supply of qualified health practitioners
providing access to them where and when they are needed most
a growing population of patients
an aging population of patients
a sicker population of patients (particularly with diabetes and obesity being rampant in North America)
a more "medicalized" population of patients (expectations for medical care are higher than ever, and we have more defined diseases to treat)
increasing complexity of treatments for the diseases we have always known about (standard-of-care treatment for heart attack is much more labour-intensive now than it was even a decade ago)
The orphan patient problem has only been recognized in the media recently.
Older medical references mention the term 'orphan patient' using a different definition, specifically patients with an orphan disease. For example, New England Journal of Medicine mentioned patients with orphan diseases as orphan patients in 1988:
N Engl J Med. 1988 Mar 10;318(10):646.
The orphan patient.
Shelley WB, Shelley ED.
Publication Types: Letter
Solutions
Solutions to the orphan patient problem are complex, as expected due to its multifactorial origins. It is not possible to decrease the population. It is not easy to increase the number of physicians and other health care providers available, as the time to train them tends to be long. Some of the temporary solutions have involved changing the way that health care is provided by:
making greater use of alternative health care providers such as nurse practitioners, hospitalists and Telehealth-style public information services.
using technological assists such as electronic medical records and telemedicine to make the existing health care providers more efficient.
implementing wider and more effective public health initiatives such as smoking cessation and fitness programs in order to decrease the burden of illness on a community. Community smoking bans and seatbelt regulations are political interventions that are sometimes spearheaded by medical professionals but can be implemented without their involvement.
Medical terminology |
3999304 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government%20Brennen%20College | Government Brennen College | Brennen College is an educational institution in Kerala, affiliated to the Kannur University. It is located in Dharmadam, Thalassery of Kerala state, India. The college evolved from a school established by the English philanthropist Edward Brennen, master attendant of the Thalassery Port, who had made Thalassery his home. The college was granted special heritage status by the University Grants Commission in 2016 with an aim of conserving college which is more than 125 years old. The college secured 97th position in NIRF all Inidia ranking.
History
Government Brennen College developed out of the free school established in 1862 by Edward Brennen, a master attendant of Tellicherry Port. It was elevated to the status of a II Grade College with F.A. Classes in 1890 under the University of Madras. The institution became a first-grade College in 1947, and it was shifted to the new building at Darmadam in 1958.
Campus
The Brennen College campus is situated in Dharmadam Panchayath on a hillock just 5 km north of Thalassery town and 1 km away from Kannur-Thalassery National Highway. The campus has of land housing the academic departments, administrative office, central library, student hostels, staff quarters, and play ground.
Brennen Library
Brennen college has a Central Library with about 21600 books which contained many vary rare and otherwise not available Malayalam books printed during the nineteenth century mainly at Basel Mission Press, Mangalore. The library has prepared an electronic catalogue of these Malayalam publication in 2004. It is the first electronic catalogue in any Indian language with search mechanism in the local script. The library is a unique source for reference for regional studies.
Departments
The college has 21 departments:
Arts
Arabic
Economics
English
Hindi
History
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A. K. Gopalan, Communist veteran leader, Ex-Member of Parliament
Pinarayi Vijayan, Politician and current Chief Minister of Kerala
K K Ramachandran Master, Former Minister, Government of Kerala
K Sudhakaran, KPCC President And MP
P. Sathidevi, Ex Parliament Member
V. Muraleedharan, politician and current Union Minister
Akbar Kakkattil, writer
A. K. Balan, Former Minister of Law Government of Kerala
A. K. Premajam, politician and parliamentarian
A. N. Shamseer, MLA
E. Ahamed, Former union minister and longest term served MP in kerala
James Mathew, Former MLA, politician
K. Thayat, writer
N. Prabhakaran, writer
Punathil Kunjabdulla, writer
Rajan Gurukkal, historian
Shihabuddin Poythumkadavu, writer
Vazhakkulangarayil Khalid, former Supreme Court justice and acting Governor of Kashmir
V. R. Sudheesh, writer
See also
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Education in Thalassery
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3999305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galdan%20Boshugtu%20Khan | Galdan Boshugtu Khan | Choros Erdeniin Galdan (1644–1697, , , in Mongolian script: Galdan bošoɣtu qaɣan; ) was a Dzungar-Oirat Khan of the Dzungar Khanate. As fourth son of Erdeni Batur, founder of the Dzungar Khanate, Galdan was a descendant of Esen Taishi, the powerful Oirat Khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty who united the western Mongols in the 15th century. Galdan's mother Yum Aga was a daughter of Güshi Khan, the first Khoshut-Oirat King of Tibet.
Early years and consolidation of power
At age of 7, Galdan was sent to Lhasa to be educated as a lama under the 5th Dalai Lama at Tashilhunpo Monastery. He spent 20 years studying Buddhist canons, philosophy, astronomy, astrology and basics of medicine and pharmacology. In this sense, he was one of the best educated kings in Mongolian history.
He backed his brother Sengge's claim the title Khan of the Dzungars against the pretensions of their half-brothers Tseten and Tsodba Batur. With the support of Ochirtu Khan of the Khoshuud, Sengge's solidified his rule 1661. Nevertheless, the two brothers never gave up their royal aspirations and in 1670 Tsetsen murdered Sengge in a family coup. When Galdan's mother Amin-Dara arrived to Lhasa to inform Galdan of Sengge's death, Galdan immediately renounced his status as a lama and quickly returned to the Irtysh Valley to avenge him. After soundly defeating Tseten and Tsodba Batur in 1671, the Dalai Lama named Galdan Hongtaiji "Crown Prince".
After Sengge's death, Galdan took his widow Anu-Dara, granddaughter of Ochirtu, as his bride. Conflict within the family soon erupted again when Ochirtu, fearing Galdan's popularity, supported Galdan's uncle and rival Choqur Ubashi. In 1678 Galdan forced Ochirtu to flee to Kokonur and established hegemony over the Oirats. The following year, the Dalai Lama bestowed on him the highest title of Boshoghtu (or Boshughtu) Khan, or "Devine Khan".
Altishahr and the Kazakhs
Imams of the Naqshbandi lineage had replaced the Chagatayid Khans in the early 17th century. After the defeat of the , their exiled ruler Afaq Khoja approached the 5th Dalai Lama for military assistance in 1677. By the request of the latter, Galdan overthrew the in the Dzungar conquest of Altishahr and installed Afaq as his client ruler there. Galdan decreed that the Turkestanis would be judged by their own law except in cases affecting the Dzungar Khanate. The Dzungars kept control over the Tarim Basin until 1757.
In 1680 the Black Kyrgyz raided Moghulistan and occupied Yarkant. The inhabitants of Yarkant appealed to Galdan Khan for help. The Dzungars conquered Kashgar and Yarkant and Galdan had its ruler chosen by its inhabitants. Then he invaded the north of Tengeri Mountain in modern Kazakhstan the next year; he defeated Tauke Khan's Kazakhs but failed to take Sayram. He conquered Turfan and Hami the next year. In 1683 Galdan's armies under Rabtan reached Tashkent and the Syr Darya and crushed two armies of the Kazakhs. After that Galdan subjugated the Black Khirgizs and ravaged the Fergana Valley. From 1685 Galdan's forces aggressively pushed the Kazakhs. While his general Rabtan took Taraz, and his main force forced the Kazakhs to migrate westwards.
In 1687, he besieged Turkistan, an important pilgrimage center for the Muslim Kazakhs, but could not take it.
Rivalry with Khalkha
At first the Khalkha and Oirat Mongols were allies, bound by the provisions of the Mongol-Oirat code. In order to cement this union, Galdan attempted to ally with Zasaghtu Khan Shira who lost part of his subjects to Tushiyetu Khan Chakhundorji, and moved his orda near the Altai Mountains. Tushiyetu Khan attacked the right wing of the Khalkhas and killed Shira in 1687. Galdan dispatched troops under his younger brother Dorji-jav against the Tushiyetu Khan the next year, but they were eventually defeated and Dorji-jav was killed in the ensuing battle. Chakhundorji murdered Degdeehei Mergen Ahai of the Zasaghtu Khan who was on the way to Galdan. The Qing court intervened and called all the Mongolian nobles to assemble a conference.
To avenge the death of his brother and expand his influence over other Mongol areas, Galdan prepared for war with the Khalkha of eastern Mongolia. Galdan established a friendly relationship with the Tsardom of Russia, which was at war with Tushiyetu Khan over territories near Lake Baikal in northern Khalkha. Bonded by a common interest in defeating the Khalkha, both Galdan and the Russians simultaneously attacked and conquered most of the territories of Khalkha. Armed with superior firearms provided by the Russians, Galdan attacked the land of the late Zasaghtu Khan, and advanced to the dominion of Tushiyetu Khan. The Russian Cossacks meanwhile attacked and defeated the Khalkha's contingent of 10,000 near Lake Baikal. In 1688, after two bloody battles with the Dzungar in present-day central Mongolia, Erdene Zuu Monastery and Tomor, Tushiyetu Khan and his son Galdandorji fled to the Ongi River.
Acting in defiance of contrary orders from the Kangxi Emperor and the 5th Dalai Lama, he entered Khalkha territory in 1688. The Zunghars occupied the Khalkha homeland, and forced Jibzundamba Zanabazar to flee. The Qing court strengthened its northern border garrisons, and advised the Khalkhas to resist Galdan. After being reinforced by fresh troops, the Tushiyetu Khan Chakhundorji counterattacked the Zunghars, and fought with them near Olgoi Lake on August 3, 1688. The Oirats won after a 3-day battle. Galdan's conquest of Khalkha Mongolia made Zanabazar and Chakhundorji submit to the Qing dynasty in September.
War with the Qing
By his victory in 1688, Galdan had driven the Khalkhas into the arms of the Qing and made himself a military threat to the Manchus. Unfortunately for Galdan, the Kangxi Emperor was unusually vigorous and warlike. While he was fighting in Eastern Mongolia, his nephew Tsewang Rabtan seized the Dzungarian throne in 1689. After a series of successful battles in the Khangai Mountains, at Lake Olgoi and Ulahui River, he approached the Great Wall of China. The Khalkha leaders retreated to Inner Mongolia with their troops and the Khalkha territory fell under Galdan's rule. The Qing deceived him to arrive near Beijing saying that they needed a treaty, but ambushed him at the battle of Ulan Butung, which was fought 350 kilometers directly north of Beijing near the western headwaters of the Liao River at the southern end of the Greater Khingan. Galdan's troops were seriously defeated by the Khalkha troops supported by the Qing army and Galdan retreated back to Khalkha.
Defeat and death
In 1696 Galdan was on the upper Kherlen River east of modern Ulaanbaatar. Kangxi's plan was to personally lead an army northwest to Galdan while sending a second army north from the Ordos Desert to block his escape. Kangxi reached the Kherlen, found Galdan gone, but was forced to turn back due to lack of supplies. On 12 June 1696, the same day Kangxi turned back, Galdan blundered into the western army and was disastrously defeated at Terelj's Zuunmod near the upper Tuul River east of Ulan Bator. Galdan's wife, Queen Anu, was killed during the battle and the Manchus captured 20,000 cattle and 40,000 sheep. Galdan fled with his remaining 40 or 50 men. He gathered a few thousand followers who later deserted due to hunger. Failing in his objectives of usurping the Khaan's throne of Mongolia and the dreams of achieving greatness and with nowhere to go but facing imminent threat of being captured by the Manchus or Tsewang Rabtan, he took his own life by taking poison on 4 April 1697 in the Altai Mountains near Khovd with only 300 of his followers staying with him. He was succeeded by Tsewang Rabtan who had revolted against him.
A son and a daughter of Galdan remained in Tsewang Araptan's household along with a lama wanted by the Kangxi Emperor for desertion and for assisting Galdan. In 1698, Tsewang Araptan was forced to deliver the three of them to Beijing along with Galdan's ashes, which were then scattered on the military parade ground in the city. Although the lama was executed, Kangxi spared the daughter and son, and Galdan's other son, Septen Bailsur, who had been in prison until this time. They were all pardoned and housed in Beijing where they died.
Family
Father: Erdene Baatar Hongtaiji
Mother: Yum Agas khatun
Siblings: Sengge khongtaiji
Wife: Anu khatun
Sons: Sebdenbaljir taiji
Daughters: Zunchihai, Boum
In popular culture
Fiction
The Deer and the Cauldron (鹿鼎記): a wuxia novel by Louis Cha. In the story, Galdan became sworn brothers with the novel's main protagonist Wei Xiaobao and the Tibetan Lama Sangjie.
Song
The lyrics of the song "Black Thunder" by the Mongolian band "The HU" is based on a poem about Galdan Boshogtu Khan. The band later turned the song into "Sugaan Essena" for the EA video game "Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order".
See also
Dzungar–Qing War
List of Mongol states
References
Citations
Sources
Smith, Warren W., Jr. Tibetan Nation: A History Of Tibetan Nationalism And Sino-tibetan Relations (1997) Westview press. .
Further reading
Д.Жамьян “Чорс Галдан бошигт хаан”, 2009, Ulaanbaatar
Zlatkin, Ilia Iakovlevich (1964). История Джунгарского ханства, 1635-1758. (History of the Jungarian Khanate, 1635–1758 ).
1644 births
1697 deaths
17th-century Mongol rulers
Dzungar Khanate
Mongol khans
Oirats |
5392055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darkfall%20%28Carmody%20novel%29 | Darkfall (Carmody novel) | Darkfall is the first novel in the Legendsong Saga series by Australian author Isobelle Carmody. Carmody wrote the first drafts for all three books in the trilogy concurrently whilst living in Prague. It was published by Viking Books in Australia in 1997 and shortlisted for ‘Best Fantasy Novel’ at the 1998 Aurealis Awards and for ‘Australian Long Fiction’ at the 1998 Ditmar Awards.
This parallel universe, high fantasy novel is set primarily in the world of Keltor.
The book has also been published in braille and in Chinese.
Composition
Carmody wrote the first draft for Darkfall and its sequels Darksong and Darkbane at the same time. These were written whilst the author was living in Prague, Czech Republic. Carmody took a year to write the first draft of Darkfall and another four years to revise and rewrite the novel.
The author has commented that she writes the books as they come to her, without a particular target audience in mind. It was for her publisher to decide which market, children or adult, the books were best suited. Much of the novel's grappling with both the beauty and evil in the world come from her own reflections and experiences.
Carmody has also drawn from aspects of classical mythology in the work, including myrmidons, from the warriors of the same name who accompanied Achilles, and sylphs, whom she calls silfi.
Synopsis
Plot summary
The Legendsong
Underlining the plot of the book is the Legendsong of Keltor. This legend states that long ago, the Firstmade (Unykorn) of Keltor was captured by the Chaos spirit so that Lanalor could be with his first love, Shenavyre. However Shenavyre had committed suicide when the Unykorn was imprisoned. Lanalor prophesied that an Unraveller would come to rescue the Unykorn and free Keltor from the Chaos spirit, and told the signs by which the Unraveller would be recognised. It is this prophecy that Darkfall protects, and that which the Draaka cult seeks to prove untrue.
Main Story
Glynn and Ember Flanders, fraternal twin sisters, are holidaying in Greece when Glynn is seemingly swept out to sea and drowned. However Glynn finds herself transported to the world of Keltor and rescued from the sea by an Acanthan windwalker, Solen. Feigning amnesia, she gradually deciphers this new world where some can fly and others see prophetic visions. As she lives with Solen on Acantha and works in the mine, she learns the independent Isle of Darkfall and its once esteemed sisterhood of soulweavers are falling from favour with the rulers of Keltor, and that Solen is far more involved in the world’s politics than he tries to appear. Unfortunately, with her athletic build and independence, Glynn is often mistaken as a myrmidon, the Amazon-like women who are the sworn protectors of the soulweavers.
Unbeknownst to Glynn, Ember, who is dying of brain cancer and half blind, is also transported to Keltor in her attempt to save Glynn from drowning. She is rescued by a kiss from the manbeast Ronaall, seemingly in a vision. The Soulweaver Alene and her myrmidon protectors Feyt and Tareed find her, who privately suspect Ember is the long-awaited "Unraveller", given her strong physical similarity to Shenavyre and the prophecy. However Ember has amnesia, and very gradually begins to remember her past as she lives with them in the palace on Ramidan.
Meanwhile, Glynn is desperate to reach Darkfall to return home to her sister, particularly after the apparent death of Solen. To gain coin to pay for the ship fare, Glynn attempts to sell a rare stone to the leader of the anti-Darkfall cult run by the Draaka. Instead, Glynn is drugged and enslaved until a Draaka leader, Bayard, assigns her to academic work after her pet, the fienna, forms a special attachment to Glynn. Glynn is to ensure the fienna successfully gives birth to its rare offspring. Meanwhile, Glynn adopts the persona of a Fomikan who had worked on an aspi breeder’s farm, lest she be discovered as a stranger to Keltor.
Through a vision, Ember saves the Holder's (the King) life from an assassination attempt by Coralyn, his mother, who wants to put her other son, Kalide, on the throne. Bleyd, the son of an Isle leader, is framed and tortured. After a successful rescue attempt, Ember and Bleyd are smuggled onto a ship heading to Darkfall where Ember hopes to find healing from her worsening brain tumour. Alene gives her own a’luwtha (a stringed instrument) as a gift, which helps Embers unlock her memory.
Meanwhile, Glynn travels with the Draaka cult to the island of Ramidan. However, in a violent storm, Bayard falls overboard and drowns while Glynn helps the fienna give birth. Solen assists her, after revealing his existence to Glynn. The dying mother fienna gives Glynn special abilities to save its last offspring by creating a special connection between Glynn, the baby fienna and partially with Solen. Solen and Glynn also reveal their strong love for one another. As the ship pulls into the harbour, she is unknowingly watching Ember's ship departing.
Segue Chapters
Throughout the novel, the plot is broken up by stories of people observed by the Watcher back in our world in the same relative time. All are connected with Glynn and Ember in some way, and somehow with Keltor. These include stories of Faye and Tabby; a male nurse who cares for a comatose man who also cared for Ember; a clarinet player and his comatose mother; a security guard; a policeman named Johnny; and a jogger who found Wind's suicide note.
Voice and Setting
The story is told in the third-person through the protagonists, Glynn and Ember Flanders. These Australian twin sisters are drawn separately through the portal from Earth to the world of Keltor and the plot follows their parallel journeys. The narrative alternates every few chapters between each sister's events and perspective.
The story begins briefly in Greece on Earth, where the sisters are holidaying. However the majority of the narrative is set in Keltor, a small pre-development alternate world of seven islands.
Themes
A significant part of the intricacy of the plot is Carmody's detailed consideration of religion, philosophy and politics.
Darkfall also contemplates the duality between the beauty (the Song) and evil (the Chaos Spirit) in the world. Carmody commented in an interview that she "lives in one of the most beautiful places on earth doing what [she] love[s] doing and getting paid for it and in the same world there are people who are getting shot, who are starving, who are suffering tragedies, kids dies because some brute bashes them. There is this terrible unease in me". She states she "is interested in the finer spark of human beings...[as] the thing that makes us at our best is almost always dark, difficult and painful".
This duality is also matched with the symbiotic relationship between our world and Keltor, where events in one affect the other.
The novel also considers finding meaning and purpose in life. Even before the two protagonists are swept into Keltor, the sisters felt adrift. Ember is dying and believes she has lost the ability to feel emotion; Glynn, while attentive to her sister's needs, lacks her own sense of worth. Additionally, it is revealed that Glynn's boyfriend, Wind, committed suicide some years earlier after struggling with depression and feelings of emptiness.
Reception
Critical
Darkfall has been well received by critics. Eidolon Magazine describes the work as “outstanding in its evocation and control of an invented world and society” and that “her narration presents with equal precision the menace and emotional isolation that threaten her typical victim-heroes”. The Age portray it as a "dramatic narrative [with] vivid characters on an enormous canvas”. InCite praises the work and calls it a "testament to Carmody’s depthless imagination”. She goes on to say that Carmody has avoided the “hackneyed clichés and absolutes common in fantasy novels" and that it "offers believable heroines in a landscape of moral ambiguity”. Magpies magazine says that the “huge cast of characters, events and the intricacies of religion, philosophy and politics keeps readers thinking and puzzling over each chapter”.
In the analysis of Foster, Finnis and Nimon, they describe the work as “high fantasy at one level, but on another... a work of social realism, a combination with a variety of different quests and unlikely... heroes”. They also point out the feminist cast of the work, given the protagonists and most of the antagonists are female.
However one common criticism is that the work is too confusing, given the intricacy and format of the plot. One reviewer calls for a character list at the beginning of the book to keep track of the “large array of characters and settings…deployed”. She also comments that the novel is unlikely to convert anyone to the fantasy genre as it is “discursive and sprawling, a travelogue”. Another reviewer calls the writing “often rotten” and the dialogue “wooden”. Others have criticised the book design itself; from its “brick-like” size to the fact the design of the first edition cover appears to display the author’s name as “Isobelle Darkfall Carmody”.
Awards and nominations
Darkfall was shortlisted in the 1998 Aurealis Awards for "Best Fantasy Novel" and in the 1998 Ditmar Awards for "Australian Long Fiction".
Publication History
Main Publications
Special Needs Publications
Foreign Language Publications
In 2008, a Chinese translation was published by Sichuan Literature and Art Publishing House Pub. D, entitled 沦落, Volume 1 (Lúnluò = Darkfall). It was translated by 邱望生.
Notes
1.The cover illustration is a detail from a painting by American artist Janet Woolley entitled Last Supper. Carmody has commented that she hopes the second half of the painting will be the cover of the forthcoming third and final novel, Darkbane.
References
External links
Obernewtyn.NET The Official Fan Club for the Obernewtyn Chronicles and other Isobelle Carmody works
1997 Australian novels
Australian fantasy novels
Legendsong Saga
1997 science fiction novels
Australian science fiction novels
Australian young adult novels
Young adult fantasy novels
Science fantasy novels
Penguin Books books
High fantasy novels |
5392069 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban%20Non%20Wat | Ban Non Wat | Ban Non Wat is a village in Thailand, in the Non Sung district, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, located near the small city of Phimai. It has been the subject of excavation since 2002. The cultural sequence encompasses 11 prehistoric phases, which include 640 burials. The site is associated with consistent occupation, and in modern-day Ban Non Wat the occupied village is located closer to the Mun River.
Excavations show that people were occupying the region during the Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Ages. This unique sequence has been proven by 76 radiocarbon determinations treated with Bayesian analyses. Bayesian analysis is the use of Bayesian statistics to calibrate radiocarbon dates to receive a more accurate date. Soil in the Ban Non Wat area may displace the Bayesian analysis. These reveal that the initial Neolithic settlement took place in the 17th century BC, while the Bronze Age began in the late 11th century BC. The transition into the Iron Age took place in about 420 BC.
Because of disagreements about the dating and environment surrounding Ban Non Wat, questions concerning the meanings of artifacts from the digs have been raised by Doctor Joyce White. She argues that precautions weren't taken during the process of collecting dates for the site, so results of dating aren't trustworthy.
The excavations have been run by Charles Higham, and now by Dr. Nigel Chang and are partially funded by the Earthwatch institute. They are considered by some to be amongst the richest archaeological digs under current excavation.
Neolithic
The Neolithic phase at Ban Non Wat has evidence of human occupation but no evidence of metallurgy. The Neolithic period is divided into an early and late phase. The earliest burials are a series of flexed burials thought to represent hunter-gatherers. These were partially contemporary with the initial Neolithic settlement by rice farmers who also raised pigs, hunted a wide range of animals, fished and collected shellfish. This was followed by a late Neolithic. Late Neolithic burials were often accompanied with ceramic vessels that are simply decorated with minimal grave goods. In addition to ceramic vessels, stone adzes, shells, and animal remains have been found in Neolithic burials at Ban Non Wat.
In 2022 the domestication of chicken was reassessed by researchers at the University of Exeter, the University of Oxford and Cardiff University. Chicken remains found in more than 600 sites in 89 countries were examined during the research project. The remains of 23 of what were thought to be the earliest chickens found in western Eurasia and north-west Africa were subjected to radiocarbon dating. Dr Julia Best, from Cardiff University, said, “This is the first time that radiocarbon dating has been used on this scale to determine the significance of chickens in early societies. Our results demonstrate the need to directly date proposed early specimens, as this allows us the clearest picture yet of our early interactions with chickens.” The oldest bones of a known domestic chicken were from Ban Non Wat, dating to between 1650BC and 1250BC.
Bronze Age
The discovery of remarkably wealthy early Bronze Age burials illustrates profound cultural changes with the advent of copper base metallurgy. The Bronze Age at Ban Non Wat has been divided into five phases. Phase 1 occurred from 1050 to 1000 BC and consists of seven burials. Shell bracelets and necklaces as well as a copper based axe are examples of some grave goods found in Phase 1 burials. There is a dramatic increase in the amount grave goods found in burials compared to the Neolithic as personal ornamentation became a more common practice. Wrapping bodies and placing them in wooden coffins was a common practice in the Bronze Age, however there is more variability in burial contexts in the late Bronze and early Iron Ages.
Phase 2 occurred from 1000 to 850 BC. Phase 2 burials display more wealth in their grave goods. Copper-based axes, anklets, rings, as well as shell bead necklaces, belts, and earrings are some examples of grave goods found at Phase 2 burials. Phase 2 contained a wider variety of grave goods when compared to other mortuary phases.
Phase 3 occurred from 850 to 800 BC. Phase 3 burials continue the practice of wealthy burials with many grave goods and contain many of the same items from Phase 1 and 2 burials. Phase 3 burials are unique because they are facing the North-East or South-West whereas other Bronze Age burials at Ban Non Wat are mostly buried facing the North or South. Phase 3 is the last phase with wealthy burials.
Phase 4 occurred from 800 to 700 BC. There are 162 burials found in Ban Non Wat dating to Phase 4. It is at this time that the people of Ban Non Wat are being buried into specific groupings however there is no data supporting what these groups represent. Phase 4 also marks the dramatic decrease in grave goods as previously seen in Phases 1–3.
Phase 5 occurred from 700 to 420 BC. There is no clear date for the end of the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age at Ban Non Wat. Many of the burials for this phase rely on the presence of bronze grave goods instead of iron as well as the law of superposition. Phase 5 continues the practice of decreased grave goods as seen in Phase 4.
One example of a unique burial at Ban Non Wat comes in the form of a dog burial that was found with two bowls, believed by archaeologists to be for food and water.
Iron Age
With the Iron Age, a new range of exotic ornaments accompanied the dead, including carnelian, agate, and glass. Later in the Iron Age, the site was surrounded by banks and two moats, which involved the reticulation of water from the adjacent river round the site. The rice fields surrounding the village, although yet to be exhaustively studied, are thought to have been irrigated thousands of years ago, and preliminary dating has supported this theory. In contrast with the Bronze Age, the Iron Age provided significantly fewer burial goods.
Burials during the Iron Age at Ban Non Wat are divided into two phases. Phase 1 Iron Age burials contents are very similar to Phase 5 Bronze Age burials grave goods, with the presence of Iron goods often being the only distinguishing factor between the two. Phase 2 Iron Age burials are often noted by the presence of Phimai Black pottery in addition to iron works and exotic goods. However the amount of grave goods is still dramatically reduced compared to some Bronze Age burials.
Many of the artifacts recovered have suggested an ongoing link with the Khmer culture, unsurprising given the site's proximity to one end of the Ancient Khmer Highway, at the Phimai Historical Park.
Evidence for Metal Working
While excavations at Ban Non Wat are primarily about burials, recent excavations show that the residents of Ban Non Wat were likely producing their own metalworks. Archaeologists were able to uncover about a dozen working floors dating to the Iron Age. These floors were made of baked clay varying in color and texture. In addition to the floors, artifacts associated with metal working such as crucibles and bronze and iron fragments were also found at the site.
Complications
The site of Ban Non Wat has accrued significant questioning that concerns several results including the Bayesian analysis, as well as the significance of the burial goods and their meanings. There is also argument on the importance of the bronze grave goods found in the burials; due to the fact that the introduction of metal had a significantly different social construct when compared to other cultures. Additionally, the soil in the area has a higher acidity due to the environment which can interfere with both digs and scientific analysis.
There is some conversation concerning the occupation of Ban Non Wat. The site has been continuously occupied since the Bronze Age, during the neolithic age the site could have been less densely populated and used as a seasonal occupation site until the Bronze Age.
References
Archaeological sites in Thailand
Geography of Nakhon Ratchasima province
Prehistoric Thailand |
5392078 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulnar%20notch%20of%20the%20radius | Ulnar notch of the radius | The articular surface for the ulna is called the ulnar notch (sigmoid cavity) of the radius; it is in the distal radius, and is narrow, concave, smooth, and articulates with the head of the ulna forming the distal radioulnar joint.
References
Radius (bone) |
5392080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pongo%20en%20tus%20manos%20abiertas | Pongo en tus manos abiertas | Pongo en tus manos abiertas ("I Put Into Your Open Hands") is the fourth studio album recorded by the Chilean singer-songwriter Víctor Jara with musicians from Quilapayún in June, 1969. It was the third album released by the DICAP record label.
In April 2008, the magazine Rolling Stone Chile ranked this album in fifth place within the 50 best Chilean albums of all time.
Composition
The album includes songs written by Jara like "A Luis Emilio Recabarren", a song tribute to the founder of the Communist Party of Chile, Luis Emilio Recabarren, and on other hand include Jara's versions from songs "A desalambrar" and "Camilo Torres" (a tribute song to the Colombian priest of the same name), both are by Uruguayan composer Daniel Viglietti. The album also include Latin American lullaby, "Duerme, duerme negrito", collected by Atahualpa Yupanqui, "Juan Sin Tierra", a tribute song to the Mexican revolutionary Emiliano Zapata written by Jorge Saldaña and sung by Víctor Jara. "If I Had a Hammer" written by Lee Hays and Pete Seeger and retitled "El Martillo", "Zamba del Che", a tribute song to the Argentine guerrilla Che Guevara, composed in 1967 by Mexican Rubén Ortiz Fernández, and "Ya parte el galgo terrible", written by Sergio Ortega and Pablo Neruda.
"Preguntas por Puerto Montt" is a song commenting Puerto Montt massacre, Chile, in March 9, 1969. Jara condemns the then Christian Democrat Minister of the Interior Edmundo Pérez Zujovic, one of the main authors of the massacre and for the death of 11 men, women, and children during the massacre of Puerto Montt. The album contained "Te recuerdo amanda" ("I remember you Amanda"), one of Víctor Jara most famous songs, which has been adapted to various languages and interpreted by various artists from all over the world such as Joan Baez, Robert Wyatt, Raimon and Cornelis Vreeswijk.
Liner notes
I PUT IN YOUR OPEN HANDS…Laughter and blows,Hope and protest.A shout emerges crossing the large expanse of our territory.
It is the peasant nailing a plough on the land,the worker filling the air with protest on May Day,the student and his wordin street battles,the youth,that for being young,cannot but look forward into the future.
And all this is presentin the youth that strugglesand in the song of protest.
The new song of Victor Jara unites,from his position as activist of the people’s cause,the spirit of the young generation of our land,the lengthy tradition of the workers strugglesthe awaken conscious of the artist
which is identified more than compromised with the people.
During these days in which the Communist Youthgather for their VI Congressto reassert their decision to receive the message
which places in their “OPEN HANDS”the visionary father of the New Homeland,Luis Emilio Recabarren.
We also place in the open handsof all the Chilean youth
These songs that speak to usabout our convictions,our hopesof ourselves.
—Santiago, June 1969
Track listing
Side A
Side B
2001's extended version
Re-release from March, 2001 by Warner
Bibliography
Jara, Joan. (1983). Victor: An Unfinished Song. Jonathan Cape Ltd.
References
External links
Pongo en tus manos abiertas (DICAP) - album text
Víctor Jara Foundation site (Spanish language)
Brief article about the Puerto Montt massacre by José Miguel Jiménez (Spanish language)
1969 albums
Víctor Jara albums
Spanish-language albums
Warner Records albums |
5392083 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Briscoe | Lee Briscoe | Lee Stephen Briscoe (born 30 September 1975) is an English former professional footballer who played as a left back and left midfielder.
He notably played in the Premier League for Sheffield Wednesday, before having spells in the Football League with Manchester City, Burnley and Preston North End. He was capped four times at England U21 between 1996 and 1997.
Club career
Briscoe began his career at Sheffield Wednesday and was highly rated when young, making five appearances for the England Under-21 side. He scored his only goal for Wednesday in a 1–0 victory over Arsenal in the 1998–99 season. This goal was somewhat overshadowed by Paolo Di Canio's notorious pushing incident on referee Paul Alcock which led to two players (Di Canio and Martin Keown) being sent off.
Briscoe would make more than 70 appearances for 'the Owls' and went on a short loan spell at Manchester City (where he scored once against Huddersfield Town) before eventually being released on a free transfer.
He was signed up by Stan Ternent, the manager of Burnley as a solution to their problems down the left hand side. He formed an excellent partnership with Paul Cook, the experienced left midfielder, and the two would often devise new free-kick routines between them, with Gareth Taylor often the goal scoring beneficiary.
After more than one hundred league appearances for Burnley, Briscoe was released due to financial worries at the club. He would sign for rivals and neighbours Preston North End, a move which was controversial to sections of the Burnley crowd. However, the native of Pontefract made little impact at Deepdale, starting just two games in his year long spell.
International career
Briscoe was capped four times at England U21 between 1996 and 1997.
References
External links
England profile at TheFA
1975 births
Sportspeople from Pontefract
Living people
English footballers
England under-21 international footballers
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Manchester City F.C. players
Burnley F.C. players
Preston North End F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Association football fullbacks
Association football midfielders |
5392095 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradleys%20Head | Bradleys Head | Bradleys Head is a headland protruding from the north shore of Sydney Harbour, within the metropolitan area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is named after the First Fleet naval officer William Bradley. The original Aboriginal inhabitants belonged to the Borogegal clan of the Eora nation, and was known as Borogegy, Booraghee, Booragy or Burrogy. Also on the headland is an active lighthouse, Bradleys Head Light, constructed in 1905.
Bradleys Head is now a unit of the Sydney Harbour National Park and managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service.
History
The foremast of the cruiser HMAS Sydney, renowned for taking part in the Royal Australian Navy's first ship against ship engagement in World War I, is mounted on the headland as a memorial to that battle. In June 2000 the mast was rededicated as a monument to all Australian ships and sailors lost in conflict.
The headland was also used for shooting of scenes for Mission: Impossible 2 (2000). A polystyrene house seen in the film was built on location, then removed after shooting was completed.
Sitting on the rock platform off the headland is a Doric stone column. It is one of six that were taken from the demolished Sydney Post Office and placed in positions in Sydney. In conjunction with the tower off Fort Denison, it was used for speed trials of vessels in Sydney Harbour. Owing to increased congestion on the Harbour, it is no longer used by the Maritime Services Board for this purpose. (Another of the columns can be seen in the Mount Street Plaza, North Sydney.)
The heritage-listed Bradleys Head Light, completed in 1905, is located on the point of Bradley's Head Peninsula and used as a navigation marker and warning light to ships entering and leaving the harbour. The lighthouse is mounted on a rock and connected to shore by a footbridge.
Nearby Athol Bight, was used from the end of World War 2 to the mid-1980s to store moth-balled navy ships.
See also
Bradleys Head Fortification Complex
Clark Island
Dobroyd Head
Goat Island
Middle Head
Nielsen Park
Rodd Island
Shark Island
Sydney Heads
References
External links
[CC-By-SA]
Geography of Sydney
Headlands of New South Wales
Sydney Harbour National Park |
5392101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20F%C3%A1brica%20%28Real%20Madrid%29 | La Fábrica (Real Madrid) | La Fábrica ("The Factory") is the name given to Real Madrid's farm system and academy. Considered one of the best player development centres in the world, La Fábrica has produced a number of players that have contributed to Real Madrid's sustained sporting success since its inception.
La Fábrica is housed in Ciudad Real Madrid, Real Madrid's training facility located in Valdebebas.
History
In 1942, AD Plus Ultra, a local Madrid club then in the Spanish Third Division, agreed to become Real Madrid's feeder club in return for financial support. In 1972, AD Plus Ultra became Real's official reserve team, known today as Real Madrid Castilla. RM Castilla is the most successful reserve side in the history of Spanish football, having amassed more points in the Spanish Second Division than any other reserve side. In 1980, RM Castilla even reached the final of the Copa del Rey, Spain's premier domestic cup competition, where they lost the title to Real Madrid's first team squad.
Similarly, in the 1950s, Real Madrid Aficionados (English: Real Madrid Amateurs) was formed as an amateur competitive team affiliated with Real Madrid. That club eventually became Real Madrid C, and served as Real's second reserve team – after RM Castilla – until the team was disbanded in 2015.
The youth academy system itself was established and developed in the 1950s by former Real Madrid Aficionados player Miguel Malbo under the tutelage of the then-Real Madrid president, Santiago Bernabéu. Malbo went on to serve as Director of La Fábrica for over 50 years. Isidoro San José, former Real Madrid player, La Fábrica alumnus and deputy director at La Fábrica, said of Malbo's legacy at Real Madrid, "In his day, he was one of the people that contributed most to Real Madrid, and to Madrid's cantera."
Since its beginnings in the 1950s, countless players have progressed through the ranks of La Fábrica's youth academy, and some of these graduates have contributed to Real Madrid's formidable sporting success both domestically and internationally. Some periods of success are particularly noteworthy. Between 1955 and 1965, Real Madrid won eight La Liga titles, one Copa del Rey and six UEFA Champions Leagues. A number of La Fábrica graduates contributed to Real's success in these years, including Pedro Casado, Enrique Mateos, Gregorio Benito, Juan Santisteban, Manuel Velázquez, Ramón Grosso, Fernando Serena and Ramón Marsal.
Moreover, in the 1980s Real Madrid won five consecutive La Liga titles, two consecutive UEFA Europa Leagues (then known as the UEFA Cup), and reached three consecutive Champions League (then known as the European Cup) semi-finals with a squad composed mostly of players formed at La Fábrica, also known as La Quinta del Buitre. This batch of "homegrown" Real Madrid players included Emilio Butragueño, Chendo, Manolo Sanchís, Ricardo Gallego, Míchel, Sebastián Losada, Miguel Pardeza and Rafael Martín Vázquez.
Organization
Real Madrid Castilla is a fully professional team; all other teams at La Fábrica are youth teams including everything from under-19-year-olds to under-8-year-olds. Each youth team competes in a league of its own. Youth players must aspire to progress through the ranks if they wish to eventually debut in Real's first-team squad. La Fábrica has more than 270 youth players spread across all 12 youth teams.
References
External links
Official Website
Buildings and structures in Barajas District, Madrid
Real Madrid CF
Football academies in Spain |
5392112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therese%20Brunsvik | Therese Brunsvik | Countess Therese [von] Brunsvik (in Hungarian Teréz Brunszvik, sometimes referred to in English as Therese Countess von Brunsvik or Brunswick) (July 27, 1775, Pozsony, Kingdom of Hungary – September 23, 1861, Pest, Kingdom of Hungary) was a member of the Hungarian nobility, pedagoge and a follower of the Swiss Pestalozzi. Her father was the Hungarian count Antal Brunszvik and her mother was the baroness Anna Seeberg; her siblings were Franz, Josephine, and Charlotte.
She was the founder of nursery schools in Hungary on July 1, 1828, after Robert Owen's example set in New Lanark, Scotland in 1816. Soon the pre-school institution became famous all over Hungary and in 1837, Friedrich Fröbel founded the first "kindergarten" in Germany.
One of Ludwig van Beethoven's students, Therese was the dedicatee for his Piano Sonata No. 24 (in F major, Opus 78), and some writers speculated that she—not her sister Josephine who is generally accepted as the addressee—may have been the intended recipient of Beethoven's letter to the "Immortal Beloved". Her memoirs were first published by La Mara, who subscribed to this theory. and her diaries and notes (up to 1813) by Marianne Czeke, both claiming to reveal much about the relations between Beethoven and the Brunsvik family, in particular her sister Josephine.
References
External links
http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/eletrajz/html/ABC00523/02357.htm
http://www.aeiou.at/aeiou.encyclop.b/b830508.htm
18th-century Hungarian people
19th-century Hungarian people
19th-century Hungarian educators
Hungarian-German people
Terez
People from Bratislava
1775 births
1861 deaths
Pupils of Ludwig van Beethoven |
3999306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey%20brothers | Harvey brothers | The Harvey brothers are six siblings from Victoria, Australia, known primarily for their success in the sport of cricket between the mid-1930s and the early 1960s. The sons of Horace and Elsie Harvey, in chronological order, they are Merv (1918–1995), Clarence (aka "Mick"); 1921–2016), Harold (b. 1923), Ray (b. 1926), Neil (b. 1928) and Brian (1932–1969). All six were long-serving members of the Fitzroy Cricket Club (now Fitzroy Doncaster), which played in Melbourne's district cricket competition.
Neil Harvey represented Australia in 79 Test matches between 1948 and 1963. He was Australia's most prolific batsman during the post-war era, served as vice-captain of Australia in the last five years of his career and regarded by Wisden as the leading fielder in the world during his career. At the time of his retirement, he held the record for the most Test appearances by an Australian and was the country's second-highest run scorer and century-maker, behind Don Bradman. He was selected in the Australian Cricket Board's Team of the Century and inducted into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame. He was an inaugural inductee into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame. The family's eldest son, Merv, played one Test for Australia in 1946–47 after losing his best years to World War II and his grandson Robert Harvey was one of the elite Australian rules footballers of the last twenty years, twice winning the Australian Football League's Brownlow Medal for the best and fairest player of the season and being voted the Most Valuable Player in the competition by his peers in 1997.
Along with their better-known brothers, Mick and Ray played first-class cricket for Victoria, although the former moved to Queensland after one season for his native state due to a lack of opportunities. Neither approached the level of success of Neil or Merv and often found themselves dropped, although Ray was a consistent player for Victoria for two seasons in the 1950s and came close to national selection. Mick's daughter, Pauline Harvey-Short, represented Australia in softball and her daughter, Kirby Short, plays for the Queensland women's cricket team. After his playing career ended, Mick became a Test cricket umpire, officiating in two matches. The two other brothers, Brian and Harold, played for Fitzroy in district cricket. Apart from Harold, all of the brothers represented Victoria at baseball.
While the brothers played together for Fitzroy on a regular basis, they only played first-class cricket together occasionally, mainly due to a lack of form and differences in age. Merv debuted for Victoria before the war, and Neil joined him in 1946–47. Ray followed in subsequent season, and the trio played in two matches together for their state. However, there were no occasions after this when more than two played together in the same match and such occurrences became more sporadic after this as Merv was dropped, while Neil was often away playing for Australia. Mick made his debut in 1948–49, but left Victoria at the end of the season after being unable to hold his position in the team, while Ray often struggled to gain regular selection except when Neil and the other Test players were representing Australia. Ray had a strong end to the 1952–53 season and was selected for all the matches in the following two seasons alongside Neil, but was then dropped.
Early years
Born at Kapunda, South Australia, Horace "Horry" Harvey moved to Broken Hill where he worked for BHP, driving horse-drawn trailers. In 1914, he married Elsie May Bitmead and their first two children, daughter Rita and son Mervyn, were born in the mining town. The family relocated to Newcastle, a mining town and harbour in New South Wales, and had two more sons, Clarence (always known as "Mick", as he was born on Saint Patrick's Day) and Harold. In 1926, the Harveys shifted to the inner-Melbourne suburb of Fitzroy, a staunchly working-class, industrial area. During their relocation, Ray was born in Sydney. Horace secured a job at the confectionery company Life Savers, located next door to their house at 198 Argyle Street. The 19th century two-storey house was owned by the firm and was used as lodgings for the workers' families. It no longer exists, having been demolished to make way for a textile factory. The two youngest sons Neil and Brian were born in Fitzroy.
The Cornish-descended Horry raised his family as strict Methodists, disallowing gambling, alcohol, tobacco and profanity in his household. An ardent cricketer during his years in New South Wales, he was good enough to hit 196 runs during a match in Newcastle, and encouraged his children to play sport. He played for the Rita Social Club after moving to Fitzroy, while his wife kept score. His daughter was also a scorer for the club. As recreational facilities and grass ovals were sparse in densely populated Fitzroy, the boys took to playing cricket in a cobblestone laneway between their terraced house. Here they played cricket with a tennis ball, home made cricket bat and a kerosene tin for a wicket.
They were usually joined by other local children, two of whom became elite sportsmen: Allan Ruthven (an Australian rules footballer) and Harold Shillinglaw (both an Australian rules footballer and first-class cricketer)—the group also played Australian rules football, kicking around rolled up cardboard and newspaper. Much of the batting skill displayed by the Harvey brothers has been attributed to these games played on the unpredictable bounce of the bumpy laneway. The surface also had a V-shaped slope inwards towards the centre of the lane, causing balls to deviate sideways after bouncing.
As the laneway meant that the playing area was long and narrow, the young boys also had to learn to play the ball straight in accordance with orthodox cricket technique. The Harveys played another form of cricket in their concreted backyard (using a marble instead of a ball) that sharpened their reflexes, and a miniature bat. All were right-handed batsmen with the exception of Neil. All the siblings attended the nearby George Street State School and, one by one, the brothers joined the Fitzroy Cricket Club as they reached their early teens. The club had a program whereby they gave a medal to local schools to award to their best cricketer in their ranks, who would then be given access to all of the club's facilities. The Harvey brothers were all recipients of the medal. At Fitzroy, they came under the influence of former Victorian all-rounder Arthur Liddicut and the club's veteran captain Joe Plant. The Harveys had no formal coaching, and their father, a regular presence at the club, chose to stay in the background as their respective careers developed. Horace did not advise his sons on how to bat, allowing them to formulate their own style and technique, something Neil later regarded as beneficial. According to the Harvey brothers, it was their mother who was vocal and extroverted, in contrast to their reserved father. The boys who failed to score runs were given kitchen duty, and according to them, their parents never showed favouritism.
During the winter, they played for the Fitzroy Baseball Club, often competing in matches played as curtain raisers to the elite Australian rules football competition, the Victorian Football League. Saturday night entertainment for the family typically consisted of dinner after the day's cricket for Fitzroy, and Plant, Liddicut and other club personnel were often invited. Under the influence of Plant and Liddicut, the boys were taught to adopt an aggressive approach, using fast feet movement to attack spin bowling in particular. In 1942–43, Neil broke into Fitzroy's First XI, joining his older brothers Merv, Mick, and Ray. During that season, the family held down the first four batting positions for Fitzroy; Merv and Mick opened the batting and Ray and Neil came in after them. The four brothers entered the Victorian team in the 1940s; Merv in 1940–41, Neil in 1946–47, and Ray and Mick in successive seasons thereafter.
Neil Harvey
Harvey represented the Australian cricket team between early 1948 and early 1963. He was the vice captain of the team from 1957 until his retirement. An attacking left-handed batsman, sharp fielder and occasional off-spin bowler, Harvey was the senior batsman in the Australian team for much of the 1950s and was regarded by Wisden as the finest fielder of his era. Harvey followed his elder brother Merv in making his Test debut in January 1948, aged 19 and three months. In his second match, he became the youngest Australian to score a Test century, a record that as of July 2010, still stands. He was then part of The Invincibles of Don Bradman who toured England without defeat and were acclaimed as one of the finest teams in history; Harvey was the youngest player in the team and scored a century on his Ashes debut in the Fourth Test at Headingley. The opening period of his Australian career was particularly fruitful, scoring six centuries in his first thirteen Test innings, at the end of which he averaged over 100. As Bradman's team broke up in the 1950s due to retirements, Harvey became Australia's senior batsman, and was named as one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1954. In 1957 he was passed over for the captaincy and was named as the deputy of Ian Craig who had played just six matches as Australia sought to rebuild the team with a youth policy. The following season, Craig had fallen ill, but Harvey moved interstate and Richie Benaud was promoted to the captaincy ahead of him as Benaud was higher in the New South Wales hierarchy. Harvey continued as vice-captain until the end of his career, and led the team in only one Test. In the Second Test at Lord's in 1961 when Benaud was injured, Harvey led the team in the "Battle of the Ridge", a match played on a surface with a visible ridge that caused erratic bounce, grinding out a hard-fought victory. When Harvey retired, only Bradman, generally deemed as the finest batsman in history, had scored more runs or centuries for Australia. Harvey was best known for his extravagant footwork and flamboyant strokeplay. In retirement, he became a national selector for twelve years but in recent times is best known for his strident criticism of modern cricket. He was inducted into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame in 2000, and also selected in the Australian Cricket Board's Test Team of the Century. In 2009, Harvey was one of the 55 inaugural inductees into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame. In 102 First XI matches for Fitzroy, he made 4,044 runs at an average of 37.10, the highest average in the family.
Merv Harvey
Described by his younger brother Neil as the "best cricketer of us all", Merv was an attacking opening batsman, strong on the drive and fond of hooking fast bowling. He graduated to Fitzroy's first XI in 1933-34 and made his first-class debut for Victoria against Queensland at the Gabba in 1940–41. In the next match, he made an impression on cricket observers by scoring 70 in an hour at the SCG against New South Wales, whose bowling line-up included Bill O'Reilly. Service in the Royal Australian Air Force as an airframe fitter during World War II severely interrupted his cricket career.
After the war, he resumed with Victoria, but faced a lot of competition for a place as an opening batsman in the Australian team. He played his only Test in the 1946-47 Ashes series at the Adelaide Oval, filling in for the injured Sid Barnes. Scoring 12 and 31, he partnered Arthur Morris in a second innings opening stand of 116. After a further two first-class seasons, Harvey retired after being dropped from Victoria's first-choice team. He ended with a record of 1,147 first-class runs at 38.23 in 22 matches. This included three centuries, and he captained Victoria five times, winning one match—the rest were drawn. His career highlight was an innings of 136 in December 1946 against New South Wales, when he hooked a bouncer from Ray Lindwall into the Melbourne Cricket Ground public bar and featured in a partnership of 271 with Keith Miller. His highest score was 163 against South Australia at Adelaide. Harvey continued playing for Fitzroy until 1954–55, and he finished with 6,654 runs at an average of 29.31 in 207 First XI matches for the club.
Anthony and Robert Harvey
Merv's grandson Robert Harvey made the Victorian Under-19 cricket team, but decided to focus on Australian rules football, becoming one of the most successful players of his generation. He made his AFL debut for St Kilda Football Club in 1988 and played 21 seasons before retiring at the end of 2008 as the most capped current player.
A midfielder, he was a member of the All-Australian team eight times and won the Brownlow Medal twice, in 1997 and 1998, for the best and fairest player in the Australian Football League. In addition, he was voted the AFL's Most Valuable Player in 1997 by his peers and also won the Trevor Barker Award for St Kilda's best and fairest four times. He played in one grand final, in 1997, when the Saints lost to the Adelaide Crows. His brother, Anthony, played for St Kilda and captained Norwood to victory in the 1997 SANFL Grand Final.
Mick Harvey
A printer by trade, Clarence Edgar "Mick" Harvey played in the Fitzroy first XI in 1938–39, then served as an infantryman in the Second Australian Imperial Force during World War II. A veteran of Kokoda, he resumed with Fitzroy at the war's end and made enough runs to be selected for Victoria's first three Sheffield Shield matches of the 1948–49 season. However, he failed to pass 33 in six innings as an opening batsman and was dropped from the team. Moving to Brisbane the following season, Harvey joined the Toombul grade club and made his first-class debut for Queensland. Noted for his sound defence, he was a patient and dogged batsman, in contrast to the exciting styles of brothers Merv, Ray and Neil.
In 1950–51, he hit 490 runs at an average of 37.69, including 100 not out against New South Wales at the Sydney Cricket Ground. However, he struggled the following season and was dropped, and did not play a single first-class match in 1952–53. His only other first-class centuries came in 1953–54: 102 against South Australia and 111 against Western Australia. He struggled in the following two summers and could not hold a consistent position in the team, and retired. Altogether, he made 1,716 first-class runs (mostly as an opener) in 37 matches at an average of 27.23. A regular choice for the Queensland baseball team, Harvey later turned to cricket umpiring. His initial first-class match as an umpire was in 1974-75 and he stood in two Tests from 1979 to 1980 after many players and officials left for the breakaway World Series Cricket. He stood in six One Day Internationals including one of the finals of the inaugural World Series Cup. In all, he officiated in 31 first-class and 13 List A matches.
In 90 First XI matches for Fitzroy, Mick Harvey scored 2,601 runs at an average of 30.24. His daughter, Pauline Harvey-Short, represented Australia at softball, and later became a sports administrator; her daughter, Kirby Short, played cricket for and captained the Queensland women's team and Brisbane Heat.
Ray Harvey
Raymond Harvey played 40 matches for Victoria. He was an attacking and talented batsman, but failed to reach international standards and only managed to hold down a regular position in the Victorian team in two seasons in the 1950s. This failure to match the standards set by his Test-capped brothers was often attributed to a lack of single-mindedness and hunger.
Harvey made his first-class debut in 1947–48, but performed poorly, and did not play a match in the following summer, and for the two subsequent seasons, he played in only three games. In 1951-52 he made five appearances, gaining selection only when Victoria's Test players were busy representing Australia. The following season, he broke through for his maiden first-class century, having never previously passed 50.
Having broken through at the end of the preceding summer, Harvey played his first full season for Victoria in 1953–54. He scored two centuries and five half-centuries against full-strength teams from other states. He was hailed as the best player outside the Australian Test team, and at the start of the following season, Harvey was included in an Australian XI for a match against the touring England team for a Test trial match. However, rain curtailed the match and turned the playing surface into a sticky wicket hostile to batting. Harvey made only seven in his solitary innings. He played in all of Victoria's matches for the season, but his form slumped and he was overlooked for state selection until 1958–59, when he regained his position and made 97 and 86 in consecutive innings. However, the following season, he made only sporadic appearances and was dropped after some low scores. He shone mainly for Fitzroy; his club first-grade records for the most career runs and centuries, and the most runs in a season, still stand. He ended his first-grade career in 1960–61 with 19 centuries and 9,146 runs at an average of 36.15 from 247 matches.
Harold and Brian Harvey
Due to commitments during the war, the fourth of the brothers, Harold Lindsay Harvey was unable to pursue a cricket career. He played mainly Second XI cricket at Fitzroy, but did play in the First XI during the war. A fitter and turner, Harold Harvey enlisted on 19 April 1945 and was discharged on 20 January 1947 with the rank of sergeant. He served with the Second Australian Imperial Force in Bougainville in New Guinea and played 15 First XI matches for Fitzroy from 1942–43 to 1949–50, as a wicketkeeper-batsman, scoring 237 runs at an average of 14.81.
Brian Clifford Harvey, a Victorian representative at baseball, was a useful cricketer at club level, spending almost a decade in the Fitzroy First XI until 1961–62. An electrician, he was electrocuted in 1969 at the age of 37 while working for the State Electricity Commission. In 111 First XI matches for Fitzroy, he made 2,503 runs at 21.57.
Between them, the Harvey brothers totalled 25,185 runs in 772 appearances for the Fitzroy Cricket Club. Over time, their numbers in the ranks began to diminish. In 1949–50, Mick moved to Queensland while Harold was dropped from his position in the Fitzroy First XI. Merv retired after 1954-55 and Neil moved to New South Wales after 1956–57. Ray retired from the First XI at the end of 1960–61 and Brian the year after. In 1962–63, the club played their first season for 30 years without a Harvey in the team. At first-class level, the family's contribution is 26,532 in 405 appearances, with 7,964 coming for Victoria.
First-class team-mates
Although the four brothers all played for Victoria, there was not a great deal of overlap in their careers at first-class level, due to a combination of age, interstate moves, international duty and omissions from the team. The most Harveys in one first-class team occurred twice in 1947–48, when Merv, Ray and Neil all played for Victoria in successive Shield matches.
The first time that more than one of the brothers played for Victoria together came in 1946–47, after Neil was selected to play for the state against Tasmania. At the time, a second-string team was used to play Tasmania—who were not in the Sheffield Shield—in two first-class matches, while the strongest team played in the regular interstate competition. Neil struck a century in the second match against Tasmania, and was called into the Victorian team to play against New South Wales in a Sheffield Shield match at the SCG, and he played alongside Merv for their state's three remaining matches of the season. However, the brothers never batted together in these three matches. Merv opened the batting and was always out before Neil came in, usually at No. 6 upon the fall of the fourth wicket. Merv captained at first-class level for the first time in the last match, a draw against South Australia that was severely shortened by rain.
Neil and Merv retained their positions for Victoria's first two matches of the 1947–48 season, against India and South Australia respectively. Again, Merv was out before Neil came in, so they did not bat together. The brotherly selection pairing was broken up for Victoria's next match, as Neil was rewarded with selection for an Australian XI for a Test trial match against the Indians, while Merv continued to represent the state. Neil returned to the Victorian team for the match against New South Wales at the SCG the following week, and Ray was selected to make his first-class debut, so three Harveys were in the state team for the first time. Merv opened, while Neil and Ray batted at Nos. 4 and 7 respectively. Victoria batted first and the brothers again did not form any partnerships. Merv opened and made 45 before being dismissed at 2/99, prompting Neil's entrance to replace him at the crease. Neil then top-scored with 61 before falling at 4/200, and Ray then came in at 5/208 to make 43. Victoria ended with 331 and the Harvey brothers had scored almost half the runs. New South Wales were forced to follow on, and Victoria were set 51 for victory. After the fall of Fred Freer at 1/24, captain Lindsay Hassett elevated Ray to No. 3, allowing two Harveys to bat together for the first time at first-class level. Ray and Merv put on an unbeaten partnership of 27 to take Victoria to a nine-wicket win. Merv and Ray ended unbeaten on 12 and 22 respectively.
The trio then proceeded to play together in the next match against Western Australia two weeks later and Merv captained the team as Hassett was away on Test duty. Victoria batted first and Neil came in to join Merv with the score at 2/102, and the pair added 173 together before Neil fell for 94. One run later, Merv was out for 141; later, Ray made only 1. Victoria ended on 370 and Western Australia took a 59-run lead. In the second innings, Merv, Neil and Ray made 6, 41 and 15 respectively, never batting together as the match was drawn after Merv declared the innings at 9/304, setting Western Australia a target of 246 for victory. The hosts reached 5/205 and Victoria avoided defeat.
After this match, Neil was called into the Australian Test team, so only Ray and Merv played in Victoria's next match against New South Wales. Merv—again captaining the side—made a duck and was out before Ray came in, in Victoria's only innings of the match and was not selected for the remainder of the season. After this, Ray and Neil played together for Victoria on two occasions in the second half of the season when the latter did not have a match for Australia. In the first match, against New South Wales, the two batted in partnership for the first time for their state. Ray came in at 5/53 to join Neil and he fell for 9 to leave the score at 6/64 as Victoria collapsed to be all out for 130. In the second innings, Ray joined Neil with the score at 5/266 and the latter fell at 6/292, ending a 26-run partnership. The pair did not bat together in the second match against South Australia as Neil was out before Ray came in on both occasions. The 1947-48 was the most productive for the Harveys as a combination for Victoria until Ray played a full season in 1953-54 together with Neil.
In 1948–49, Ray, who had made only 190 runs at an average of 21.11 in his debut season, was not selected for a single match, while Merv's only first-class outings were two matches for a second-choice team against Tasmania while the leading players were participating in Shield fixtures at the same time. Mick was selected as an opener for Victoria's first three Shield matches, and played with Neil in these matches. However, he struggled and made only 91 runs at 15.16 and was then dropped. In six innings, the two brothers batted together only twice, even though they batted in successive batting positions; Mick's poor form meant he was usually the first batsman out, bringing his younger brother to the crease. In the first match of the season, against Queensland, Mick was the first wicket to fall on each occasion. In the second match, the brothers shared partnerships. In the first innings, Neil came in at 1/8 and the Harveys put on 39 runs before Merv was out. The second innings proceeded similarly as Neil came in at 1/31 and 40 runs were added before the older Harvey fell. In the third match of the season, Mick was out for 4 and 12 before Neil came in and was subsequently dropped.
In 1949–50, none of the Harveys played together at first-class level; Merv had retired, Mick had moved to Queensland looking for more opportunities, while Neil was in South Africa with the Australian team. Ray and Mick played in one match each for the season, but not against the other. In 1950–51, Ray was selected in two matches for Victoria, both when Neil and the other Test players were competing against England. Both of these were against Tasmania, so he did not meet Mick. However, there were no international fixtures coinciding with Victoria's two matches with Queensland, and Neil met Mick in both of these matches. In 1951–52, Ray was able to gain selection more regularly for Victoria. All of these came when Neil and the other Test players were playing for Australia; when they available for Victoria, Ray was not selected. Ray played in both of Victoria's matches against Queensland, for whom Mick played in the first match.
In 1952–53 Ray only managed selection in the last three matches of the season, and played alongside Neil in the last two fixtures, against South Africa and Western Australia. The brothers had previously had little success in partnerships together for Victoria and in the match against South Africa, Neil came in to join Ray—who was playing as an opener—with the score at 2/21. The pair put on 96 runs. The Victorians drew the match and the brothers did not bat together in the second innings. In the match against South Australia, Neil joined his brother at 1/118 and the Harveys again narrowly missed a century partnership, as Ray fell at 2/211 for 121. Later, Neil was out for 95, missing out on another milestone. Mick was not selected for his adopted state in any fixture for the entire season and did not meet his brothers.
In 1953–54, Ray had his most effective season and played in all seven of Victoria's Shield matches, even though there were no Test matches for the summer, meaning that all the national team members were available for state selection for the whole season. He played the entire season alongside Neil, and the pair encountered Mick in both matches against Queensland. During the summer, Neil typically batted at No. 3, and Ray usually succeeded him. Despite this, they batted together only four times in 13 innings, as Neil was usually out first. Their first partnership came in the first innings of the second match of the season, against New South Wales. It was brief; Ray came in at 2/93 and scored two runs before falling at 3/97. They then batted together on New Year's Day in the first innings of the next match against South Australia. Ray came in to join Neil after the Victorians had slumped to be 2/5, and after twice coming close to century partnerships for their state in the past, the brothers put on 150 before Neil was out for 88 to leave the score at 3/165. Ray went on to make 110. In the following match against Queensland, Ray came in with the score at 2/65 and put on 82 with his brother before he was out for 50. Their only other partnership of the season amounted to 36 runs in the second innings of the return match against New South Wales; Neil was out for 47 as Ray guided the Victorians to their target with five wickets in hand, scoring 106 not out himself. Ray and Neil were also selected for the testimonial match for retiring Australian captain Lindsay Hassett. Neil played for Hassett's XI while Ray was on the opposition team captained by Arthur Morris.
At the start of the 1954–55 season, along with Neil, Ray was called into an Australian XI for a Test trial against Len Hutton's touring English team, the closest that two Harveys came to playing in a Test for Australia together. Ray did not make an impact in the match, scoring only seven in his solitary innings, and was not selected for Australian duty. He came in at No. 4 after the dismissal of his brother. Ray was selected for all six of Victoria's matches and played in all of these matches alongside Neil, as the domestic season was shortened and there were no scheduling clashes between the Tests and the domestic matches. Mick also played in all of Queensland's matches, and three brothers met in their states' only meeting for the season.
Ray and Neil did not bat together in the first match, before adding 24 for the second wicket in the second innings of the following match against England. They did not bat together in the third match of the season, against New South Wales, as Ray, who was batting one position ahead of Neil, was out first in both innings. In the return match that followed, the brothers had brief partnerships of two and ten runs, Ray being dismissed soon after Neil joined him at the crease. These brief stands continued in the first innings of the match against Queensland, as Ray fell after a six-run partnership. In the second innings, the pair narrowly missed out on a century partnership. Neil came in at 1/17 to join Ray, who was opening in the match, and they took the score to 1/117 before Neil was out for 66. In the final match of the season against the Marylebone Cricket Club, Ray was the first wicket to fall in the innings and he did not bat with Neil.
In 1955–56, Ray was overlooked and spent four years out of first-class cricket, and he never played alongside Neil again at first-class level. Neil played in all of Victoria's matches, and Mick played in Queensland's first six matches before being dropped for the second and final match against Victoria. In 1956–57, Mick played in two matches for Queensland earlier in the season before being dropped and retiring; neither were against Victoria, so none of the brothers played together in one match. Ray was recalled to the Victorian team in the latter half of the 1958–59 season. By this time, Neil had moved to New South Wales for employment reasons, and played each other late in the season. The Harvey brothers never played together or against one another again at first-class level. In 1959–60, Neil was in the Indian subcontinent representing Australia as Ray played his final first-class season before retiring.
Notes
References
Australian people of Cornish descent
Australian cricketers
Australian Methodists
Sportspeople from Victoria (Australia)
Australian Army personnel of World War II
Harvey family
Australian Army soldiers
Royal Australian Air Force personnel of World War II
Royal Australian Air Force airmen |
5392113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximal%20radioulnar%20articulation | Proximal radioulnar articulation | The proximal radioulnar articulation, also known as the proximal radioulnar joint (PRUJ), is a synovial pivot joint between the circumference of the head of the radius and the ring formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament.
Structure
The proximal radioulnar joint is a synovial pivot joint. It occurs between the circumference of the head of the radius and the ring formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament. The interosseous membrane of the forearm and the annular ligament stabilise the joint.
A number of nerves run close to the proximal radioulnar joint, including:
median nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
radial nerve
See also
Distal radioulnar articulation
Supination
References
Joints |
5392114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Luis%20Grant | José Luis Grant | José Luís Grant Martínez (born 8 April 1983) is a Honduran football player, who currently plays for Real Juventud.
Club career
He won the rookie of the year for 2005-2006 season. In May 2007, Grant was amid controversy after he allegedly signed with both Olimpia and F.C. Motagua. A tribunal decided in favour of Motagua.
Nicknamed Puma, he later had to return to his previous team, Victoria, since Motagua did not complete the payment of the loan. He was on loan to Vida for the Clausura 2008 from their cross-city rivals Victoria. In summer 2008, he joined Real Juventud. In December 2012 Victoria announced Grant was in training with the club.
International career
Grant made his debut for Honduras in a September 2006 friendly match against El Salvador, coming on as a second-half substitute for Julio César de León. The game proved to be his final international as well.
Personal life
His father was Ricardo Grant and his mother is Juliana Martinez.
Honours and awards
Club
F.C. Motagua
Copa Interclubes UNCAF (1): 2007
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
People from La Ceiba
Association football midfielders
Honduran footballers
Honduras international footballers
F.C. Motagua players
C.D. Victoria players
C.D.S. Vida players
C.D. Real Juventud players
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Honduras players |
3999350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsignor%20McClancy%20Memorial%20High%20School | Monsignor McClancy Memorial High School | Monsignor McClancy Memorial High School is a co-educational Catholic high school located in the East Elmhurst neighborhood of Queens, New York. As of Fall 2012, the school started accepting young women. Founded by the Brothers of the Sacred Heart in 1956, Msgr. McClancy Memorial High School serves the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn and provides education for approximately 550 students from grades 9 to 12. Admissions is open to any student of any ethnicity and of any faith, but requires TACHS (Test for Admission into Catholic High Schools) scores from students entering from the 8th grade, students on other levels contact the school directly. The school was first founded in 1956, dedicated to the memory of Msgr. Joseph V. McClancy, a long time diocesan Superintendent of Schools for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn.
The school is chartered by the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York and accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.
McClancy draws students from eighty-five parochial and public schools located throughout Queens, Brooklyn, Manhattan and Long Island.
Athletics
The McClancy athletics program includes:
Basketball- Boys & Girls
Baseball- Boys
Softball- Girls
Tennis- Boys
Volleyball- Girls & Boys
Soccer- Boys & Girls
Track and Field- Boys & Girls
Bowling- Boys
Swimming and Diving- Boys & Girls
Handball- Boys
Cheerleading- Girls
Golf - Boys & Girls
Hockey- Boys
Renovation
The school has recently undergone an extensive renovation project which included soundproofing and air conditioning for each classroom. The school has also fully renovated the biology, chemistry, and physics labs over the summer of 2011. Over the summer of 2012, the school created a new media center, and a new art studio. In April 2022, the new Stephen J. Squeri '77 Sports Complex was completed due to a special donation from alumni, and current American Express CEO, Steve Squeri.
Notable alumni
George Bruns, former NBA player for New York Nets (1972–73)
Eddie Buczynski, Wicca and gay rights activist
Rich Conaty, radio disc jockey
Don Cooper, pitching coach for Chicago White Sox (2002-2020); played for New York Yankees (1985)
Michael DenDekker, politician
John Kenrick, theatre writer
Walter McCaffrey, politician
Chris Megaloudis, former soccer player for New York Red Bulls
Tom Nohilly, retired track athlete
Jamal Robinson, former NBA player for Miami Heat in 2000
Stephen Squeri, CEO for American Express
Notes and references
External links
Monsignor McClancy Memorial High School website
Educational institutions established in 1956
Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn
East Elmhurst, Queens
Roman Catholic high schools in Queens, New York
1956 establishments in New York City |
5392116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distal%20radioulnar%20articulation | Distal radioulnar articulation | The distal radioulnar articulation, also known as the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ), is a synovial pivot-type joint between the two bones in the forearm; the radius and ulna. It is one of two joints between the radius and ulna, the other being the proximal radioulnar articulation. The distal radioulnar articulation is the one of the two closest to the wrist and hand.
The distal radioulnar articulation pivot-joint formed between the head of ulna and the ulnar notch on the lower extremity of radius.
Ligaments
The articular surfaces are connected together by the following ligaments:
Palmar radioulnar ligament
Dorsal radioulnar ligament
Articular disk (triangular fibrocartilage)
Function
The function of the radioulnar joint is to lift and maneuver weight load from the distal radioulnar joint to be distributed across the forearm’s radius and ulna as a load-bearing joint. Supination of the radioulnar joint can move from 0 degrees neutral to approximately 80-90 degrees where Pronation of the Radioulnar Joint can move from 0 degrees neutral to approximately 70-90 degrees. Supination (palms facing up) vs. pronation (palms facing down). Muscles that contribute to function are all supinator (Biceps Brachii, Brachioradialis, and Supinator) and pronator muscles (Brachioradialis, Pronator Quadratus, and Pronator Teres).
Injuries
Injuries to the distal radioulnar articulation often result from falls onto an outstretched hand. Injury can occur with concurrent fracture of the distal radius, the ulna, or can be isolated. For the upper limit of the distal radioulnar distance, sources vary between 2 mm and 5 mm. A classification system has been proposed by Estaminet and colleagues.
Estaminet Classification
Estaminet classified injuries of the distal radioulnar articulation into four categories with two subclasses: purely ligamentous (subclass A) and those with associated boney injury (subclass B).
Estaminet I - Attenuation on MRI only
Estaminet II - Volar distal radioulnar ligament is involved. Unstable in supination. Fixation should be in pronation.
Estaminet III - Dorsal distal radioulnar ligament is involved. Unstable in pronation. Fixation should be in supination.
Estaminet IV - Both ligaments are involved. Unstable in both supination and pronation. Fixation is in neutral.
Additional images
See also
Proximal radioulnar articulation
References
External links
Dartmouth Anatomy
Upper limb anatomy
Joints |
5392144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOA | TOA | Toa or TOA may refer to:
Geography
Toa River, a river in Cuba
Cuchillas del Toa, biosphere reserve in Cuba
The One Academy of Communication Design, an art college in Malaysia
Toa Point, an area on Tutuila Island in American Samoa
Zamperini Field, an airport in Torrance, Los Angeles County, California, United States
People
Ngāti Toa, a Māori tribe
Sciences
Tubo-ovarian abscess, an infection of the ovary and Fallopian tube
TOA, a mnemonic in trigonometry
Toas, Aboriginal artefacts
Type of Activity, a classification defined in the Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification
TOA, the SAME code for a tornado watch
Popular culture
Toa (Bionicle), a fictional race of beings produced as constructible toys by Lego
Toa, stage name of Tanoai Reed, a competitor on the TV show American Gladiators
Tales of the Abyss, a console role-playing game
Time of arrival
Companies
TOA Technologies of USA
TOA Corp. of Japan
TOA Construction Corporation of Japan
Toa-kai, a Yakuza organization
Toa Reinsurance Company Limited of Japan
See also
Tola (disambiguation)
Tova (disambiguation) |
5392148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakdale%2C%20Dorset | Oakdale, Dorset | Oakdale is a suburb of Poole in Dorset, England with a population of 10,949, increasing to 11,554 at the 2011 Census and shares boundaries with Creekmoor, Poole Town, Parkstone, Newtown and Canford Heath
Description
The main type of land use in Oakdale is residential. There are also small private businesses such as convenience stores, take away restaurants and pubs, as well as a Texaco petrol station. Nearby, there is a small full-time library with an adult learning centre next door in the old premises of the Oakdale Middle School. The school moved to a new purpose-built site in 1997. The parish church is St George's, built in 1959–60 to the designs of Potter and Hare. There is a large allotment area, several fields and two play parks for children. The main road through Oakdale is the busy Wimborne Road, which forms part of the A35 road and leads to Fleetsbridge to the north and Poole Town Centre to the south. The home ground of Poole Town F.C. is at Tatnam Farm, and located in Oakdale.
Churches
St George's Church, Oakdale
Schools
The following schools are located in Oakdale:
Stanley Green First School
Oakdale Junior School
St Edward's Roman Catholic-Church of England School
Politics
Oakdale is in the Poole parliamentary constituency. The suburb covers the ward of the same name for elections to Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council.
References
External links
Areas of Poole |
5392158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoptychius | Deltoptychius | Deltoptychius (from , 'triangle' and 'fold') is an extinct species of cartilaginous fish related to the modern chimaeras. It lived in the Carboniferous period of present-day United Kingdom. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Glencartholm Volcanic Beds Formation of the Upper Border Group in Scotland.
Although it emerged over 300 million years ago, Deltoptychius was similar in appearance to modern-day chimaeras, possessing a long, whip-like tail and large, wing-like pectoral fins that it probably used to glide through the water. Deltoptychius`s large eyes allowed it to hunt in deep waters, crushing shellfish between solid tooth plates in its mouth.
References
Deltoptychiidae
Carboniferous cartilaginous fish
Carboniferous fish of Europe
Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera |
5392169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevada%20State%20Route%20226 | Nevada State Route 226 | State Route 226 (SR 226) is a state highway in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It spurs off State Route 225 north of Elko, and heads north for to Deep Creek.
History
SR 226 was part of a much-longer State Route 11 prior to 1976.
Major intersections
See also
References
226
Transportation in Elko County, Nevada |
3999360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia%20Federal%20Route%2094 | Malaysia Federal Route 94 | Federal Route 94, or Jalan Kulai-Kota Tinggi, is the main federal road in Johor, Malaysia. It connects Kulai to Kota Tinggi.
Route background
The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 94 is located at Kulai, at its interchange with the Federal Route 1, the main trunk road of the central of Peninsular Malaysia.
Features
At most sections, the Federal Route 94 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.
List of junctions and towns
References
094 |
5392170 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tania%20del%20Rio | Tania del Rio | Tania del Rio (born November 16) is an American cartoonist working mainly in comic books. She is a graduate of the Minneapolis College of Art and Design with a BFA in animation.
In 2003, Tania's manga entry, Lovesketch, was selected to appear in TOKYOPOP's Rising Stars of Manga anthology, volume 2. She worked for Archie Comics as the writer and artist of Sabrina, the Teenage Witch, a monthly comic that was given a shōjo manga makeover from 2004 to 2009. She has also occasionally worked on Archie's Sonic the Hedgehog comic as both writer and artist. In addition to her work at Archie, Tania has also written for Marvel (Spider-Man/Araña: The Hunter Revealed), and writes a monthly manga column for Popcultureshock.com called "Read This Way". She also has a webcomic, My Poorly Drawn Life, that she updates weekly.
In Fall, 2006, Tania's company, SteelRiver Studio, published a book through HarperCollins Publishers entitled Mangaka America, a gallery and tutorial book featuring emerging North American manga artists.
In November 2015, together with Will Staehle, she published "Warren the 13th and The All-Seeing Eye", an illustrated novel, the first of a trilogy that eventually included "Warren the 13th and the Whispering Woods", and "Warren the 13th and the Thirteen-Year Curse".
She now resides in Los Angeles. In her spare time, Tania enjoys reading manga, knitting and crocheting, play video games, as well as collaborating with her husband on their personal comic projects: Knit-Wits and Muerte.
References
External links
My Poorly Drawn Life
SteelRiver Studio
https://www.amazon.com/gp/bookseries/B01MSTVQG4/ref=dp_st_1683690907
American women cartoonists
American webcomic creators
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American female comics artists
Female comics writers
American cartoonists
21st-century American women |
5392173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin%20festival | Pumpkin festival | A pumpkin festival is a type of annual festival celebrating the autumn harvest of pumpkins. They are typically celebrated around October in the Northern Hemisphere.
"Pumpkin festival" may refer to:
Republic of Ireland
Virginia Pumpkin Festival at Virginia, County Caven
United States
Barnesville Pumpkin Festival at Barnesville, Ohio
Circleville Pumpkin Show at Circleville, Ohio
Half Moon Bay Art and Pumpkin Festival at Half Moon Bay, California
New Hampshire Pumpkin Festival at Laconia, New Hampshire (previously the Keene Pumpkin Festival at Keene, New Hampshire) |
3999363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Metz%20%28ice%20hockey%29 | Don Metz (ice hockey) | Donald Maurice Metz (January 10, 1916 – November 16, 2007) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played parts of nine seasons with the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League from 1939 to 1949. While with the Maple Leafs he won the Stanley Cup five times. Born in Wilcox, Saskatchewan, he was the brother of Leafs teammate Nick Metz.
Playing career
Metz was an integral part of the Leafs' come from behind victory in the 1942 Stanley Cup Finals against the Detroit Red Wings. In game five, he scored three goals and two assists to lead the Leafs to a 9–3 victory. He also scored the game-winning goal in game six. What made Metz' accomplishment more successful is that he was not put in the lineup until the Leafs were down 3–0; the Leafs won all four games in which he was dressed. Metz finished the series with four goals and three assists.
The rest of his years were split between the Leafs and the AHL's Pittsburgh Hornets. He ended up playing 172 NHL games, scoring 20 goals and 35 assists for 55 points during the regular season.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
Awards
Won the Stanley Cup in 1942, 1945, 1947, 1948, 1949
See also
Notable families in the NHL
External links
1916 births
2007 deaths
Athol Murray College of Notre Dame alumni
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Canadian ice hockey forwards
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Ontario Hockey Association Senior A League (1890–1979) players
Pittsburgh Hornets players
Stanley Cup champions
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Toronto St. Michael's Majors players |
5392177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo%20H.%20S%C3%A9quin | Carlo H. Séquin | Carlo Heinrich Séquin (born October 30, 1941) is a professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley in the United States.
Séquin is recognized as one of the pioneers in processor design. Séquin has worked with computer graphics, geometric modelling, and on the development of computer-aided design (CAD) tools for circuit designers. He was born in Zurich, Switzerland.
Séquin is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.
Academic history
Séquin holds the Baccalaureate type C (in Math and Science), Basel, Switzerland (1960), the Diploma in Experimental Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland (1965), and a Ph.D in Experimental Physics, from the Institute of Applied Physics, Basel (1969).
Career
Having received his doctorate, Séquin went on to work at the Institute of Applied Physics in Basel on the interface physics of MOS transistors and problems of applied electronics in the field of cybernetic models. From 1970 to 1976 Séquin worked at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New Jersey on the design and investigation of charge-coupled devices for imaging and signal processing applications. While at Bell Telephone Laboratories he was introduced to computer graphics in lectures given by Ken Knowlton.
In 1977 Séquin joined the Faculty in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department (EECS) at Berkeley where he introduced the concept of RISC processors with David A. Patterson in the early 1980s. He was head of the Computer Science Division from 1980 to 1983. Since then he has worked extensively on computer graphics, geometric modelling, and on the development of computer aided design (CAD) tools for circuit designers, architects, and for mechanical engineers.
Séquin's expertise in computer graphics and geometric design have led to his involvement with sculptors of abstract geometric art.
Dr. Séquin is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), a Fellow of the IEEE, and has been elected to the Swiss Academy of Engineering Sciences. Since 2001 he has been Associate Dean, Capital Projects, at Berkeley’s College of Engineering.
References
External links
Biographical information on Séquin
Carlo H. Séquin's homepage at U.C. Berkeley
Sculpture designs and Maths models by Séquin
List of publications
Interview with Séquin
Séquin on perfect shapes in higher dimensions, regular polytopes in n dimensions
CARLO H. SÉQUIN, AN ORAL HISTORY. 2 interview: 05 July 2002 tape 1\8: 00:03:41 − 00:06
1941 births
Living people
Swiss computer scientists
American computer scientists
Computer graphics researchers
Computer systems researchers
University of California, Berkeley faculty
People from Zürich |
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