id
stringlengths 2
8
| url
stringlengths 31
389
| title
stringlengths 1
250
| text
stringlengths 2
355k
|
|---|---|---|---|
5377511
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionalism
|
Proportionalism
|
Proportionalism is an ethical theory that lies between consequential theories and deontological theories. Consequential theories, like utilitarianism, say that an action is right or wrong, depending on the consequences it produces, but deontological theories, such as Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative, say that actions are either intrinsically right or intrinsically wrong. Proportionalist theories like rule utilitarianism, however, say that it is never right to go against a principle unless a proportionate reason would justify it.
In the 1960s, proportionalism was a consequentialist attempt to develop natural law, a principally Roman Catholic teleological theory most strongly associated with the 13th-century scholastic theologian Thomas Aquinas, but also found in Church Fathers such as Maximus the Confessor and John of Damascus, as well as early pagan schools of philosophy such as Stoicism. The moral guidelines set down by Roman Catholic magisterial teachings of Natural Moral Law are mostly upheld in that intrinsically evil acts are still classified so. In certain situations where there is a balance of ontic goods and ontic evils (ontic evils are those that are not immoral but merely cause pain or suffering, ontic goods are those that alleviate pain or suffering). Proportionalism asserts that one can determine the right course of action by weighing up the good and the necessary evil caused by the action. As a result, proportionalism aims to choose the lesser of evils. Pope John Paul II rules out the 1960s proportionalism in his encyclicals Veritatis Splendor, promulgated in 1993 (cf. section 75), and in Evangelium Vitae, 1995 (cf. article 68). Instead he offers an account of moral action based on the object of the act (finis operis), the intention of the person performing the act (finis operantis), and the circumstances surrounding the action.
See also
Doctrine of double effect
Just war theory
Prima facie right
Situational ethics
Summum bonum
References
Ethical theories
|
5377527
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard%20Haisch
|
Bernard Haisch
|
Bernard Haisch is a German-born American astrophysicist who has done research in solar-stellar astrophysics and stochastic electrodynamics. He has developed with Alfonso Rueda a speculative theory that the non-zero lowest energy state of the vacuum, as predicted by quantum mechanics, might provide a physical explanation for the origin of inertia, and might someday be used for spacecraft propulsion. Haisch has advocated the serious scientific study of phenomena outside the traditional scope of science and is known for his interest in the UFO phenomenon as well as a variety of other unorthodox topics.
Since 2002 Haisch has been involved with ManyOne Networks and related Digital Universe projects which aim to produce, among other things, a multimedia online encyclopedia. In 2006 Haisch published a popular book in which he attempted to reconcile modern scientific belief with traditional religious belief. He attributes his spiritual interests to his educational experience at the Latin School of Indianapolis (a high school affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church), and at the St. Meinrad Seminary and Archabbey.
Scientific career
Haisch was born in Stuttgart, Germany and earned a Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1975 and thereafter spent three years as a postdoctoral fellow at the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado.
Haisch has worked at the Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory at Lockheed Martin in Palo Alto, California and served as deputy director of the Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Astrophysics Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. He has been a visiting scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching, Germany and at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands. His main research from the mid 1970s until the late 1990s was high energy astrophysics, and specifically the ultraviolet and X-ray emissions from coronae and flares on the Sun and other late-type stars.
Haisch has published more than one hundred research papers on a variety of topics, many in prestigious journals such as Nature, Science, Physical Review, Astrophysical Journal, and Annalen der Physik. He also served for ten years as an editor of the Astrophysical Journal.
The Quantum Vacuum and the Principle of Inertia
In an extensive series of papers, Haisch and Alfonso Rueda, a physicist currently teaching in the Department of Electrical Engineering, California State University, Long Beach, California, have developed a controversial hypothesis in the context of stochastic electrodynamics. In his recent mainstream non-academic book (see section below), Haisch has summarized this "quantum vacuum inertia" hypothesis as follows:
This assertion, that accelerated observers experience a force due to the zero-point field, and that this "electromagnetic reaction force" is responsible for the inertia of material objects, rests upon a computation in which Haisch and Rueda have computed a nonzero "zero point field Poynting vector". (See the 1998 Foundations of Physics paper cited below.)
Computations by other physicists, such as Bill Unruh, apparently contradict this result. The mainstream view is that the zero point field does not give rise to a physical force on observers accelerating with respect to "the vacuum". However, it is known classically that without the zero point field the spin state of all matter would collapse inward almost instantaneously.
Non-mainstream publications
Haisch is a former editor of the Journal of Scientific Exploration, which publishes papers on "topics outside the established disciplines of mainstream science" such as paranormal effects, the UFO phenomenon, and cryptids.
In addition to papers in mainstream journals and conference proceedings, Haisch has also published papers in Science & Spirit magazine and the Journal of Noetic Sciences, a parapsychological journal published by the Institute of Noetic Sciences.
Other ventures
California Institute for Physics and Astrophysics
In 1999 Haisch founded the California Institute for Physics and Astrophysics in Palo Alto, California, an organization mainly devoted to the study of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum and funded by private philanthropic money. The institute formerly employed five full-time physicists doing research on string theory, general relativity and stochastic electrodynamics. Haisch served as the institute's director from 1999 until 2002.
UFO Skeptic
Haisch has also created a website called UFO Skeptic, which promotes the investigation of the UFO phenomenon by professional scientists.
The God Theory
In 2006, Haisch published a book entitled The God Theory, in which he writes
Haisch published a follow-up in 2010, 'Purpose Guided Universe'. Both books reject both atheism and traditional theistic viewpoints, favoring instead a model of Pandeism wherein our Creator has become our Universe, to share in the actualized experiences therein manifested. Haisch provides as proof of his views a combination of fine tuning and mystical experiences arguments.
Digital Universe
In 2002 Haisch became Chief Science Officer of ManyOne Networks. Since 2004 he also served as president of the now defunct Digital Universe Foundation, which, among other things, aimed to create a peer-reviewed alternative to English Wikipedia, seeking to provide a comprehensive and reliable account of current mainstream scientific theory, evidence, and belief.
Publications
Book website
Selected mainstream papers by Bernard Haisch on astrophysics:
A few representative publications regarding the proposed physical origin of inertia as an electromagnetic drag force and hypothetical spacecraft propulsion schemes:
eprint version from UFO Skeptic, Haisch's website devoted to encouraging genuinely objective and scientific inquiry into matters related to the UFO phenomenon.
References
External links
Biography in French of Dr. Bernard Haisch
21st-century American physicists
American astrophysicists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Ufologists
Place of birth missing (living people)
German deists
American deists
Philosophical cosmologists
|
3987086
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treewidth
|
Treewidth
|
In graph theory, the treewidth of an undirected graph is an integer number which specifies, informally, how far the graph is from being a tree. The smallest treewidth is 1; the graphs with treewidth 1 are exactly the trees and the forests. The graphs with treewidth at most 2 are the series–parallel graphs. The maximal graphs with treewidth exactly are called -trees, and the graphs with treewidth at most are called partial -trees. Many other well-studied graph families also have bounded treewidth.
Treewidth may be formally defined in several equivalent ways: the size of the largest vertex set in a tree decomposition of the graph, the size of the largest clique in a chordal completion of the graph, the maximum order of a haven describing a strategy for a pursuit–evasion game on the graph, or the maximum order of a bramble, a collection of connected subgraphs that all touch each other.
Treewidth is commonly used as a parameter in the parameterized complexity analysis of graph algorithms. Many algorithms that are NP-hard for general graphs, become easier when the treewidth is bounded by a constant.
The concept of treewidth was originally introduced by under the name of dimension. It was later rediscovered by , based on properties that it shares with a different graph parameter, the Hadwiger number. Later it was again rediscovered by and has since been studied by many other authors.
Definition
A tree decomposition of a graph G = (V, E) is a tree, T, with nodes X1, ..., Xn, where each Xi is a subset of V, satisfying the following properties (the term node is used to refer to a vertex of T to avoid confusion with vertices of G):
The union of all sets Xi equals V. That is, each graph vertex is contained in at least one tree node.
If Xi and Xj both contain a vertex v, then all nodes Xk of T in the (unique) path between Xi and Xj contain v as well. Equivalently, the tree nodes containing vertex v form a connected subtree of T.
For every edge (v, w) in the graph, there is a subset Xi that contains both v and w. That is, vertices are adjacent in the graph only when the corresponding subtrees have a node in common.
The width of a tree decomposition is the size of its largest set Xi minus one. The treewidth tw(G) of a graph G is the minimum width among all possible tree decompositions of G. In this definition, the size of the largest set is diminished by one in order to make the treewidth of a tree equal to one.
Equivalently, the treewidth of G is one less than the size of the largest clique in the chordal graph containing G with the smallest clique number. A chordal graph with this clique size may be obtained by adding to G an edge between every two vertices that both belong to at least one of the sets Xi.
Treewidth may also be characterized in terms of havens, functions describing an evasion strategy for a certain pursuit–evasion game defined on a graph. A graph G has treewidth k if and only if it has a haven of order but of no higher order, where a haven of order is a function β that maps each set X of at most k vertices in G into one of the connected components of and that obeys the monotonicity property that whenever
A similar characterization can also be made using brambles, families of connected subgraphs that all touch each other (meaning either that they share a vertex or are connected by an edge). The order of a bramble is the smallest hitting set for the family of subgraphs, and the treewidth of a graph is one less than the maximum order of a bramble.
Examples
Every complete graph Kn has treewidth n − 1. This is most easily seen using the definition of treewidth in terms of chordal graphs: the complete graph is already chordal, and adding more edges cannot reduce the size of its largest clique.
A connected graph with at least two vertices has treewidth 1 if and only if it is a tree. A tree has treewidth one by the same reasoning as for complete graphs (namely, it is chordal, and has maximum clique size two). Conversely, if a graph has a cycle, then every chordal completion of the graph includes at least one triangle consisting of three consecutive vertices of the cycle, from which it follows that its treewidth is at least two.
Bounded treewidth
Graph families with bounded treewidth
For any fixed constant k, the graphs of treewidth at most k are called the partial k-trees. Other families of graphs with bounded treewidth include the cactus graphs, pseudoforests, series–parallel graphs, outerplanar graphs, Halin graphs, and Apollonian networks. The control-flow graphs arising in the compilation of structured programs also have bounded treewidth, which allows certain tasks such as register allocation to be performed efficiently on them.
The planar graphs do not have bounded treewidth, because the n × n grid graph is a planar graph with treewidth exactly n. Therefore, if F is a minor-closed graph family with bounded treewidth, it cannot include all planar graphs. Conversely, if some planar graph cannot occur as a minor for graphs in family F, then there is a constant k such that all graphs in F have treewidth at most k. That is, the following three conditions are equivalent to each other:
F is a minor-closed family of bounded-treewidth graphs;
One of the finitely many forbidden minors characterizing F is planar;
F is a minor-closed graph family that does not include all planar graphs.
Forbidden minors
For every finite value of k, the graphs of treewidth at most k may be characterized by a finite set of forbidden minors. (That is, any graph of treewidth >k includes one of the graphs in the set as a minor.) Each of these sets of forbidden minors includes at least one planar graph.
For k = 1, the unique forbidden minor is a 3-vertex cycle graph.
For k = 2, the unique forbidden minor is the 4-vertex complete graph K4.
For k = 3, there are four forbidden minors: K5, the graph of the octahedron, the pentagonal prism graph, and the Wagner graph. Of these, the two polyhedral graphs are planar.
For larger values of k, the number of forbidden minors grows at least as quickly as the exponential of the square root of k. However, known upper bounds on the size and number of forbidden minors are much higher than this lower bound.
Algorithms
Computing the treewidth
It is NP-complete to determine whether a given graph G has treewidth at most a given variable k.
However, when k is any fixed constant, the graphs with treewidth k can be recognized, and a width k tree decomposition constructed for them, in linear time. The time dependence of this algorithm on k is exponential.
Due to the roles the treewidth plays in an enormous number of fields, different practical and theoretical algorithms computing the treewidth of a graph were developed. Depending on the application on hand, one can prefer better approximation ratio, or better dependence in the running time from the size of the input or the treewidth.
The table below provides an overview of some of the treewidth algorithms. Here is the treewidth and is the number of vertices of an input graph .
Each of the algorithms outputs in time a decomposition of width given in the Approximation column. For example, the algorithm of in time either constructs a tree decomposition of the input graph of width at most
or reports that the treewidth of is more than
. Similarly, the algorithm of in time either constructs a tree decomposition of the input graph of width at most
or reports that the treewidth of is more than
. improved this to in the same running time.
It is not known whether determining the treewidth of planar graphs is NP-complete, or whether their treewidth can be computed in polynomial time.
In practice, an algorithm of can determine the treewidth of graphs with up to 100 vertices and treewidth up to 11, finding a chordal completion of these graphs with the optimal treewidth.
Solving other problems on graphs of small treewidth
At the beginning of the 1970s, it was observed that a large class of combinatorial optimization problems defined on graphs could be efficiently solved by non serial dynamic programming as long as the graph had a bounded dimension, a parameter shown to be equivalent to treewidth by . Later, several authors independently observed at the end of the 1980s that many algorithmic problems that are NP-complete for arbitrary graphs may be solved efficiently by dynamic programming for graphs of bounded treewidth, using the tree-decompositions of these graphs.
As an example, the problem of coloring a graph of treewidth k may be solved by using a dynamic programming algorithm on a tree decomposition of the graph. For each set Xi of the tree decomposition, and each partition of the vertices of Xi into color classes, the algorithm determines whether that coloring is valid and can be extended to all descendant nodes in the tree decomposition, by combining information of a similar type computed and stored at those nodes. The resulting algorithm finds an optimal coloring of an n-vertex graph in time O(kk + O(1)n), a time bound that makes this problem fixed-parameter tractable.
Courcelle's theorem
For a large class of problems, there is a linear time algorithm to solve a problem from the class if a tree-decomposition with constant bounded treewidth is provided. Specifically, Courcelle's theorem states that if a graph problem can be expressed in the logic of graphs using monadic second order logic, then it can be solved in linear time on graphs with bounded treewidth. Monadic second order logic is a language to describe graph properties that uses the following constructions: logic operations (), membership tests (e.g., ), quantifications over vertices, edges, sets of vertices, sets of edges (e.g., , , , ), adjacency tests (u is an endpoint of e), and some extensions that allow for things such as optimization.
Consider for example the 3-coloring problem for graphs. For a graph , this problem asks if it is possible to assign each vertex one of the 3 colors such that no two adjacent vertices are assigned the same color.
This problem can be expressed in monadic second order logic as follows:
,
where represent the subsets of vertices having each of the 3 colors.
Therefore, by Courcelle's results, the 3-coloring problem can be solved in linear time for a graph given a tree-decomposition of bounded constant treewidth.
Related parameters
Pathwidth
The pathwidth of a graph has a very similar definition to treewidth via tree decompositions, but is restricted to tree decompositions in which the underlying tree of the decomposition is a path graph. Alternatively, the pathwidth may be defined from interval graphs analogously to the definition of treewidth from chordal graphs. As a consequence, the pathwidth of a graph is always at least as large as its treewidth, but it can only be larger by a logarithmic factor. Another parameter, the graph bandwidth, has an analogous definition from proper interval graphs, and is at least as large as the pathwidth. Other related parameters include the tree-depth, a number that is bounded for a minor-closed graph family if and only if the family excludes a path, and the degeneracy, a measure of the sparsity of a graph that is at most equal to its treewidth.
Grid minor size
Because the treewidth of an n × n grid graph is n, the treewidth of a graph G is always greater than or equal to the size of the largest square grid minor of G. In the other direction, the grid minor theorem by Robertson and Seymour shows that there exists a function f such that the treewidth is at most f(r) where r is the size of the largest square grid minor. The best bounds known on f are that f must be at least Ω(rd) for some fixed constant d>0, and at most O(). Tighter bounds are known for restricted graph families, leading to efficient algorithms for many graph optimization problems on those families through the theory of bidimensionality.
Halin's grid theorem provides an analogue of the relation between treewidth and grid minor size for infinite graphs.
Diameter and local treewidth
A family F of graphs closed under taking subgraphs is said to have bounded local treewidth, or the diameter-treewidth property, if the treewidth of the graphs in the family is upper bounded by a function of their diameter. If the class is also assumed to be closed under taking minors, then F has bounded local treewidth if and only if one of the forbidden minors for F is an apex graph. The original proofs of this result showed that treewidth in an apex-minor-free graph family grows at most doubly exponentially as a function of diameter; later this was reduced to singly exponential and finally to a linear bound.
Bounded local treewidth is closely related to the algorithmic theory of bidimensionality, and every graph property definable in first order logic can be decided for an apex-minor-free graph family in an amount of time that is only slightly superlinear.
It is also possible for a class of graphs that is not closed under minors to have bounded local treewidth. In particular this is trivially true for a class of bounded degree graphs, as bounded diameter subgraphs have bounded size. Another example is given by 1-planar graphs, graphs that can be drawn in the plane with one crossing per edge, and more generally for the graphs that can be drawn on a surface of bounded genus with a bounded number of crossings per edge. As with minor-closed graph families of bounded local treewidth, this property has pointed the way to efficient approximation algorithms for these graphs.
Hadwiger number and S-functions
defines a class of graph parameters that he calls S-functions, which include the treewidth. These functions from graphs to integers are required to be zero on graphs with no edges, to be minor-monotone (a function f is referred to as "minor-monotone" if, whenever H is a minor of G, one has f(H) ≤ f(G)), to increase by one when a new vertex is added that is adjacent to all previous vertices, and to take the larger value from the two subgraphs on either side of a clique separator. The set of all such functions forms a complete lattice under the operations of elementwise minimization and maximization. The top element in this lattice is the treewidth, and the bottom element is the Hadwiger number, the size of the largest complete minor in the given graph.
Notes
References
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Graph invariants
Graph minor theory
|
3987093
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20wargame
|
Block wargame
|
A block wargame is a board wargame that represents military units using wooden blocks instead of cardboard counters or metal/plastic miniatures.
Description
A block wargame uses wooden blocks to represent units. These blocks are typically square, have a labeled and an unlabeled side, and are generally thick enough that they can be placed on their side with the labeled side facing the owning player. Details about the unit (for instance, its identity as well as its attack, defense and movement scores) can then be seen easily by the owning player, while the opposing player will be left unsure of the exact nature of piece; while he can see where his rival's forces are, the fog of war is emulated by preserving the secrecy of the type and quality of the troops.
Often, block pieces display the main information in the center with a series of numbers (or pips) around the edge, so that the current strength of the unit can be shown in a "step-reduction" system (where a unit's strength is reduced step-by-step, as it takes damage during combat.) When the unit is undamaged, the largest number will be displayed at 12 o'clock. When the unit is damaged, the player turns it counterclockwise so that the next largest number is at 12 o'clock, with the number of pips at the top of block indicating its current strength. This continues until the unit's strength reaches zero, whereupon it is removed from play.
Alternatively, some block wargames require the player to remove the block representing the damaged unit from the board and replace it with a block with a lower strength.
History
The initial idea of pieces that are visible to only one of two players traces back to the 1908 introduction of the game L'Attaque, the first version of Stratego. Early Stratego pieces were cardboard but were replaced by wood after World War II. (Today Stratego pieces are plastic.) However Stratego was not a direct inspiration for block wargames.
In 1972, Lance Gutteridge of Gamma Two Games originally planned on using six-sided dice to represent pieces and to provide for step reduction in combat strength. The high cost of dice led him to decide to instead use embossed wooden blocks showing 2, 3 or 4 steps in combat strength. The first such block wargame was Quebec 1759, depicting the campaign surrounding the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. Gamma Two Games later produced the block wargames War of 1812, simulating the war of that name, and Napoleon, simulating the campaign leading up to the Battle of Waterloo. In 1982, Gamma Two changed its name to Columbia Games.
Through the 1980s and 1990s Columbia Games was practically the sole publisher of block wargames. Their releases during this time included Rommel in the Desert, covering World War II's North Africa campaign; EastFront and its sequels, covering the European theater of World War II at the corps level; and Bobby Lee and Sam Grant, covering the Virginia and Western theaters of the American Civil War. The only significant change was to replace the relatively expensive embossed wooden blocks used in the old Gamma Two Games with plain plastic blocks. Each game then comes with a sheet of stickers to be affixed to the blocks.
Today
Block wargames are enjoying a minor resurgence. Columbia Games' Hammer of the Scots by designer Jerry Taylor has been well received. His next title, Crusader Rex also fared well by many. Jerry Taylor recently released another block game based on the War of the Roses. GMT Games entered the block wargame market in 2003 with the release of Europe Engulfed, a simulation of the entire ETO. A sister game, Asia Engulfed, was released in 2007, using blocks to represent fleets as well as ground forces.
GMT also released a block wargame series called Commands and Colors: Ancients which met with wide approval. Note that this series of games does not fall under the tradition definition of "block wargame" as the units have identifying marks on both sides of the blocks, eliminating the fog of war aspect of most Block Wargames. Simmons Games has published the innovative Bonaparte at Marengo, which was nominated for a 2005 award for Best Historical Simulation by Games Magazine; the game features unique long blocks, reminiscent of the symbols used on battle maps.
Reception
In the inaugural issue of Command, Bill Stone called the idea of using blocks "not a bad idea, but too clumsy for use in games with high piece density."
References
External links
Block wargames from Columbia Games
Board wargames
|
5377531
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grails%20%28framework%29
|
Grails (framework)
|
Grails is an open source web application framework that uses the Apache Groovy programming language (which is in turn based on the Java platform). It is intended to be a high-productivity framework by following the "coding by convention" paradigm, providing a stand-alone development environment and hiding much of the configuration detail from the developer.
Grails was previously known as "Groovy on Rails"; in March 2006 that name was dropped in response to a request by David Heinemeier Hansson, founder of the Ruby on Rails framework. Work began in July 2005, with the 0.1 release on March 29, 2006, and the 1.0 release announced on February 18, 2008.
Overview
Grails was developed to address a number of goals:
Provide a web framework for the Java platform.
Re-use existing Java technologies such as Hibernate and Spring under a single interface
Offer a consistent development framework.
Offer documentation for key portions of the framework:
The Persistence framework.
Templates using GSP (Groovy Server Pages).
Dynamic tag libraries for creating web page components.
Customizable and extensible Ajax support.
Provide sample applications that demonstrate the framework.
Provide a complete development mode, including a web server and automatic reload of resources.
High productivity
Grails has three properties that differentiate it from traditional Java web frameworks:
No XML configuration
Ready-to-use development environment
Functionality available through mixins
No XML configuration
Creating web applications in Java traditionally involves configuring environments and frameworks at the start and during development. This configuration is very often externalized in XML files to ease configuration and avoid embedding configuration in application code.
XML was initially welcomed as it provided greater consistency to configure applications. However, in recent years, it has become apparent that although XML is great for configuration, it can be tedious to set up an environment. This may reduce productivity as developers spend time understanding and maintaining framework configuration as the application grows. Adding or changing functionality in applications that use XML configuration adds an extra step to the change process, which slows down productivity and may diminish the agility of the entire process.
Grails removes the need to add configuration in XML files. Instead, the framework uses a set of rules or conventions while inspecting the code of Grails-based applications. For example, a class name that ends with Controller (for example BookController) is considered a web controller.
Ready-to-use development environment
When using traditional Java web toolkits, it's up to developers to assemble development units, which can be tedious. Grails provides a development environment that includes a web server to get developers started right away. All required libraries are part of the Grails distribution, and Grails prepares the Java web environment for deployment automatically.
Functionality available through mixins
Grails features dynamic methods on several classes through mixins. A mixin is a method that is added to a class dynamically, as if the functionality had been compiled into the program.
These dynamic methods allow developers to perform operations without having to implement interfaces or extend base classes. Grails provides dynamic methods based on the type of class. For example, domain classes have methods to automate persistence operations like save, delete and find
Web framework
The Grails web framework has been designed according to the MVC paradigm.
Controllers
Grails uses controllers to implement the behavior of web pages. Below is an example of a controller:
class BookController {
def list() {
[ books: Book.list() ]
}
}
The controller above has a list action which returns a model containing all books in the database. To create this controller the grails command is used, as shown below:
grails create-controller Book
This command creates a class in the grails-app/controller directory of the Grails project. Creating the controller class is sufficient to have it recognized by Grails. The list action maps to http://localhost:8080/book/list in development mode.
Views
Grails supports JSP and GSP. The example below shows a view written in GSP which lists the books in the model prepared by the controller above:
<html>
<head>
<title>Our books</title>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<g:each in="${books}">
<li>${it.title} (${it.author.name})</li>
</g:each>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
This view should be saved as grails-app/views/book/list.gsp of the Grails project. This location maps to the BookController and list action. Placing the file in this location is sufficient to have it recognized by Grails.
There is also a GSP tag reference available.
Dynamic tag libraries
Grails provides a large number of tag libraries out of the box. However you can also create and reuse your own tag libraries easily:
class ApplicationTagLib {
def formatDate = { attrs, body ->
out << new java.text.SimpleDateFormat(attrs.format).format(attrs.date)
}
}
The formatDate tag library above formats a object to a . This tag library should be added to the grails-app/taglib/ApplicationTagLib.groovy file or a file ending with TagLib.groovy in the grails-app/taglib directory.
Below is a snippet from a GSP file which uses the formatDate tag library:
<g:formatDate format="yyyyMMdd" date="${myDate}"/>
To use a dynamic tag library in a GSP no import tags have to be used. Dynamic tag libraries can also be used in JSP files although this requires a little more work.
Persistence
Model
The domain model in Grails is persisted to the database using GORM (Grails Object Relational Mapping). Domain classes are saved in the grails-app/domain directory and can be created using the grails command as shown below:
grails create-domain-class Book
This command requests the domain class name and creates the appropriate file. Below the code of the Book class is shown:
class Book {
String title
Person author
}
Creating this class is all that is required to have it managed for persistence by Grails. With Grails 0.3, GORM has been improved and e.g. adds the properties id and version itself to the domain class if they are not present. The id property is used as the primary key of the corresponding table. The version property is used for optimistic locking.
Methods
When a class is defined as a domain class, that is, one managed by GORM, methods are dynamically added to aid in persisting the class's instances.
Dynamic Instance Methods
The save() method saves an object to the database:
def book = new Book(title:"The Da Vinci Code", author:Author.findByName("Dan Brown"))
book.save()
The delete() method deletes an object from the database:
def book = Book.findByTitle("The Da Vinci Code")
book.delete()
The refresh() method refreshes the state of an object from the database:
def book = Book.findByTitle("The Da Vinci Code")
book.refresh()
The ident() method retrieves the object's identity assigned from the database:
def book = Book.findByTitle("The Da Vinci Code")
def id = book.ident()
Dynamic Static (Class) methods
The count() method returns the number of records in the database for a given class:
def bookCount = Book.count()
The exists() method returns true if an object exists in the database with a given identifier:
def bookExists = Book.exists(1)
The find() method returns the first object from the database based on an object query statement:
def book = Book.find("from Book b where b.title = ?", [ 'The Da Vinci Code' ])
Note that the query syntax is Hibernate HQL.
The findAll() method returns all objects existing in the database:
def books = Book.findAll()
The findAll() method can also take an object query statement for returning a list of objects:
def books = Book.findAll("from Book")
The findBy*() methods return the first object from the database which matches a specific pattern:
def book = Book.findByTitle("The Da Vinci Code")
Also:
def book = Book.findByTitleLike("%Da Vinci%")
The findAllBy*() methods return a list of objects from the database which match a specific pattern:
def books = Book.findAllByTitleLike("The%")
The findWhere*() methods return the first object from the database which matches a set of named parameters:
def book = Book.findWhere(title:"The Da Vinci Code")
Scaffolding
Grails supports scaffolding to support CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete). Any domain class can be scaffolded by creating a scaffolding controller as shown below:
class BookController {
static scaffold = true
}
By creating this class you can perform CRUD operations on http://localhost:8080/book. This works because the BookController follows the same naming convention as the Book domain class. To scaffold a specific domain class we could reference the class directly in the scaffold property:
class SomeController {
static scaffold = Book
}
Currently Grails does not provide scaffolding for associations.
Legacy Database Models
The persistence mechanism in GORM is implemented via Hibernate. As such, legacy databases may be mapped to GORM classes using standard Hibernate mapping files.
Target audience
The target audience for Grails is:
Java or Groovy developers who are looking for an integrated development environment to create web-based applications.
Developers without Java experience looking for a high-productivity environment to build web-based applications.
Integration with the Java platform
Grails is built on top of and is part of the Java platform meaning that it is very easy to integrate with Java libraries, frameworks and existing code bases. Grails offers transparent integration of classes which are mapped with the Hibernate ORM framework. This means existing applications which use Hibernate can use Grails without recompiling the code or reconfiguring the Hibernate classes while using the dynamic persistence methods discussed above.
One consequence of this is that scaffolding can be configured for Java classes mapped with Hibernate. Another consequence is that the capabilities of the Grails web framework are fully available for these classes and the applications which use them.
Grails also makes use of the Spring Inversion of Control Framework; Grails is actually a Spring MVC application under the hood. The Spring framework can be used to provision additional Spring beans and introduce them into the context of the application. The SiteMesh framework is used to manage the presentation layer, simplifying the development of pages via a robust templating system.
Grails applications are packaged as war artifacts that can be deployed to any servlet container or Java EE application servers.
See also
Groovy (programming language)
JRuby
Griffon (framework), a desktop framework inspired by Grails
Spring Roo
Comparison of web frameworks
References
External links
Official website
Mastering Grails An 18-part on-line tutorial provided by IBM (from 2008)
Books
Java platform
Web frameworks
|
3987100
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A5kon%20Five
|
Håkon Five
|
Håkon Martin Henriksen Five (27 September 1880 – 15 January 1944) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party. He was Minister of Agriculture 1919–1920, 1921–1923, 1924–1926 and 1933–1935, and Minister of Provisioning 1919–1920.
Five was Member of Parliament for Nord-Trøndelag county 1922-1930 and 1934–1936. He also served as County Governor of Nord-Trøndelag from 1927 until his death in 1944.
References
Politicians from Nord-Trøndelag
Government ministers of Norway
Members of the Storting
1880 births
1944 deaths
|
5377539
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristiansand%20Cathedral%20School
|
Kristiansand Cathedral School
|
Kristiansand Cathedral School (Kristiansand katedralskole Gimle), known in Latin as Schola Christiansandensis, is a high school in Kristiansand, Agder, Norway. It is the oldest high school on the southern coast of Norway, having been founded in 1686. Originally, the school was located near the cathedral in the center of the town of Kristiansand. Although it represents an old institution, Katta is a modern school, offering courses in general and business studies, as well as in health and care. It has an exclusive collection of paintings donated by former student Reidar Wennesland, and some antique books.
Notable alumni
Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby, Crown Princess of Norway (spouse of Crown Prince Haakon of Norway)
Jens Bjørneboe, painter and author
Bentein Baardson, actor and film director
Trygve Allister Diesen, writer and film director
Kristen Gislefoss, meteorologist
Gaute Heivoll, author
Herman Smitt Ingebretsen, politician
Else Marie Jakobsen, designer and textile artist
Karl Ove Knausgård, author
Thomas Peter Krag, poet and author
Vilhelm Krag, author
Gabriel Langfeldt, psychiatrist
Jørgen Gunnarson Løvland, politician and editor
Andreas Munch, writer and author
Claus Pavels, priest and writer
Gabriel Scott, author
Sigmund Skard, professor in American literature
Andreas Thorkildsen, athlete (Olympic champion)
Kristoffer Ajer, professional football player
References
External links
Kristiansand katedralskole Gimle web site
Buildings and structures in Kristiansand
Cathedral schools
Education in Agder
Educational institutions established in the 1680s
Secondary schools in Norway
Vest-Agder County Municipality
|
3987106
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu%20Ayyub%20al-Ansari
|
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari
|
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (, , died c. 674) — born Khalid bin Zayd bin Kulayb bin Thaalba () in Yathrib — hailed from the tribe of Banu Najjar, was a close companion (Arabic: الصحابه, sahaba) and the standard-bearer of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Abu Ayyub was one of the Ansar (Arabic: الأنصار, meaning aiders, helpers or patrons) of the early Islamic history, those who supported Muhammad after the hijra (migration) to Medina in 622. The patronym Abu Ayyub, means father (abu) of Ayyub. Abu Ayyub died of illness during the First Arab Siege of Constantinople.
Biography
Abu Ayyub was born in Medina, Hejaz as Khalid bin Zayd to Najjar family of Banu Khazraj, Abu Ayyub was the head of his family, he was one of the chosen elders in Medina who went to the valley of Aqaba and pledged allegiance to Islam at the hands of Muhammad, who named him Abu Ayyub al-Ansari. After the migration, Muhammad united Muhajiruns and Ansars into the single allegiance, Abu Ayyub was himself a descendant of Nebaioth, son of Ishmael, through al-Azd, the parent tribe of Banu Najjar.
Conversion to Islam
When Muhammad arrived in Medina, all of the inhabitants of the city offered to accommodate him. It is said that the camel was commanded by Allah so Prophet Muhammad let the camel decide to walk where it chose and to stay at whomsoever's house it stopped. The camel stopped at the house of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, a member of the Banu Najjar, who were regarded as the best of the tribes of Medina. Though Abu Ayyub al-Ansari had prepared meals for only Muhammad and Abu Bakr, Muhammad directed that everyone in the neighborhood be invited to partake in the meal. To everyone's surprised delight, all of the approximately 180 people who came were able to eat to their satisfaction. This was deemed to be a miracle.
Head in Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
Waqif of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi:
The land of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi belonged to two young orphans, Sahal and Suhayl, and when they came to know that Muhammad wished to acquire their land for the purposes of erecting a mosque, they went to Muhammad and offered the land to him as gift; Muhammad insisted on fixing and paying a price for the land precisely because they were orphaned children. The ultimately agreed purchase price was paid by Abu Ayyub al-Ansari who thus became the واقِف (waqif, or creator of an endowment or mortmain; donor) of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi on behalf of, or in favor of, Muhammad.
He was chosen as the Rashidun governor of Medina, specially in the caliphate of Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Life in Egypt
Following the Muslim conquest of Egypt, Abu Ayyub moved to Fustat, where he lived in a house adjacent to the mosque of Amr bin Al'aas that had been completed in 642. Several other notable companions were his neighbors, including Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Ubaida, Abu Dhar, Abdullah ibn Umar and Abdullah ibn Amr bin Al'aas.
He also led a distinguished military career, regarding which it was said, "He did not stay away from any battle in which the Muslims engaged from the time of Muhammad to the time of Muawiyah I, unless he was at the same time, engaged in another battle being fought elsewhere."
Last military campaign
In a hadith in Qital al-Rome, a chapter of Sahih Muslim, Muhammad prophesied that the first army to conquer Constantinople will enter Paradise.
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari records a number of raids against the Byzantine Empire under the period A.H. 49 (9/2/669 - 28/1/670). Though Abu Ayyub was by then an old man, that did not deter him from enlisting. Shortly after engaging in battle, it is recorded that he fell ill and had to withdraw. The chief of army staff Yazid ibn Muawiya asked, "Do you need anything, Abu Ayyub?" To which Abu Ayyub replied, "Convey my salaams (Islamic greeting and farewell) to the Muslim armies and tell them, "Abu Ayyub urges you to penetrate deep into enemy territory, as far as you can go; and that you should carry him with you, and that you should bury me under your feet at the walls of Constantinople." At this, he died. Yazid ordered the Muslim army to fulfill his request, and they pushed back the enemy's forces until they reached the walls of Constantinople where Abu Ayyub was finally interred.
About this battle, Aslam ibn 'Imran narrates that when they were fighting the Byzantines, a Muslim soldier penetrated deep into enemy ranks. The people exclaimed, "Subhan Allah! He has contributed to his own destruction." Abu Ayyub al-Ansari stood up and answered, "O people! You give this interpretation to this verse, whereas it was revealed concerning us the Ansar. When Allah had actually given honor to Islam and its supporters had become many, some of us secretly said to one another, 'Our wealth has been depleted, and Allah has given honor to Islam and its supporters have become many, let us stay amidst our wealth and make up what has been depleted of it.' Thereupon, Allah revealed to Muhammad, 'And spend in the Path of God (فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ), and do not contribute to your own destruction / And spend in the way of Allah and do not throw [yourselves] with your [own] hands into destruction [by refraining].'," refuting what we had said. So, destruction lay in staying with our wealth and repleting it and abandoning combat.
Mosque and türbe
After the Conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks, a tomb was constructed above Abu Ayyub's grave and a mosque built in his honor by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror. From that point on, the area now known as the locality of Eyüp has become sacred and many Ottoman officials requested burial in proximity of Abu Ayyub. His tomb was discovered by the Ottoman saint Akşemseddin. The tomb was rebuilt by Sultan Mahmud II in 1882, This mosque was the traditional site for the coronation ceremony of the Ottoman Sultans, where each new Sultan was girded with the Sword of Osman, the founder of the Ottoman Empire, obeying the order of Sheikh Edebali, Osman I also went to the tomb of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.
Some hadith narrated by Abu Ayyub
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari is credited with narrating many sayings of Muhammad. Well-known examples of these include:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "It is not permissible for a Muslim to shun his brother for more than three nights. When they meet, this one turns away (from that one) and that one turns away (from this one) and the best of them is the one who greets his brother first."
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari narrates that on the night of Mi'raj, Muhammad passed by Ibrahim (Abraham). Ibrahim asked, "O Jibreel, who is with you?" Jibreel answered, "Muhammad." Ibrahim said to him, "Command your Ummah to plant trees of Paradise in abundance, as the soil of Paradise is fertile and its plain is spacious." It was asked, "Which are the trees of Paradise?" He replied, "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah (Arabic لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله)."
See also
Dhikr
Salaf
Sunni view of the Sahaba
Notes
Bibliography
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, History v. 18 "Between Civil Wars: The Caliphate of Mu'awiyah," transl. Michael G. Morony, SUNY Press, Albany, 1987.
Muhammad Ibn Sa'd, Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabir, np, nd.
Prof. Philip K. Hitti, A History of the Arabs, Macmillan, London, 1951 rev.ed.
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari
Companions of the Prophet
674 deaths
7th-century Arabs
People from Medina
Najjarite people
Ansar (Islam)
Sunni Muslims
Medieval Arabs killed in battle
Muslim martyrs
Burials at Eyüp Cemetery
Arab people of the Arab–Byzantine wars
Rashidun governors of Medina
|
5377543
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladislav%20Jurkemik
|
Ladislav Jurkemik
|
Ladislav Jurkemik (born 20 July 1953) is a former Slovak football player and later a football manager. He played in the Czechoslovak First League for Inter Bratislava and Dukla Banská Bystrica. Jurkemik played internationally for Czechoslovakia; he played a total of 57 matches and scored 3 goals. He managed Slovakia in 2002 and 2003.
Playing career
Jurkemik played in his domestic Czechoslovak First League from 1973 to 1984, with two periods at Inter Bratislava interrupted by the 1980–81 season, which he spent at Dukla Banská Bystrica. He subsequently went to the Swiss league, where he played for FC St. Gallen.
Jurkemik was involved in three major tournaments as a player of Czechoslovakia. He was a participant in the 1976 UEFA European Championship, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal, in the 1980 UEFA European Championship, where Czechoslovakia won the bronze medal, and at the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He also played one match for the Olympic team in 1975.
Management career
After his playing career Jurkemik became a manager, taking charge of various club sides as well as the Slovakia national football team. In 2008 he took charge of 1. FC Slovácko in the Czech Second League, his first appointment in the Czech Republic. He was relieved of his duties in December 2008 with the club 14th in the league and just two points above the relegation zone. Jurkemik managed FC Nitra but became the second departing manager of the 2012–13 Slovak First Football League after an eight-game winless streak left Nitra bottom of the league after 15 matches in November 2012.
Honours
Player
Czechoslovakia
UEFA Euro 1976: Winner
UEFA Euro 1980: Third place
1982 FIFA World Cup: Group stage
References
1953 births
Living people
Czechoslovak footballers
Slovak footballers
UEFA Euro 1976 players
UEFA Euro 1980 players
1982 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA European Championship-winning players
Czechoslovakia international footballers
FK Inter Bratislava players
FC St. Gallen players
Czechoslovak expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Austria
Expatriate football managers in Austria
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in Austria
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Slovak expatriate footballers
Slovak expatriate sportspeople in Austria
Expatriate football managers in the Czech Republic
Slovak expatriate sportspeople in the Czech Republic
Czechoslovak football managers
Slovak football managers
Slovak Super Liga managers
SK Sturm Graz managers
FC Spartak Trnava managers
Kapfenberger SV managers
MŠK Rimavská Sobota managers
FC Senec managers
MFK Ružomberok managers
MŠK Žilina managers
Slovakia national football team managers
Slovakia national under-21 football team managers
FK Inter Bratislava managers
1. FC Slovácko managers
FC Nitra managers
Association football defenders
FK Dukla Banská Bystrica players
People from Topoľčany District
FC Chur 97 players
FC Chur 97 managers
|
3987107
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian%20Fjeld
|
Kristian Fjeld
|
Kristian Fjeld (16 February 1887 – 23 December 1976) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He was Minister of Agriculture from 1945 to 1951.
Fjeld comes from Vestre Toten, Oppland, but it was as a local politician for Stange and as a member of the parliament for Hedmark that he made his contributions to Norwegian politics.
During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he was imprisoned in Hamar on 29 August 1942, and incarcerated in Grini concentration camp from 1 September 1942 to the war's end in May 1945.
References
1887 births
1976 deaths
Ministers of Agriculture and Food of Norway
Members of the Storting
Hedmark politicians
People from Vestre Toten
Labour Party (Norway) politicians
Norwegian resistance members
Grini concentration camp survivors
20th-century Norwegian politicians
|
3987113
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seoul%20University
|
Seoul University
|
Seoul University most often refers to:
Seoul National University
Seoul University may also refer to:
University of Seoul
Seoul National University of Science and Technology
Seoul National University of Education
|
5377545
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Cyprian%27s%20School%2C%20Cape%20Town
|
St. Cyprian's School, Cape Town
|
St Cyprian's School is an independent (private) school for girls, in Grades 000 to 12, in Oranjezicht, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. Full or weekly boarding is available to high school students. It is situated on the lower slopes of Table Mountain and has a scenic view. The school is also a member of the G20 Schools Group.
History
It was founded in 1871 by the Rt Revd Robert Gray (bishop of Cape Town), the first Anglican bishop of Cape Town. The school has an Anglican foundation. The school practises its Anglican religion by having regular Eucharists, and weekly chapel services. St Cyprian's girls involve themselves in charity work around Cape Town.
Ethos
St Cyprian's School is a member of the 'Round Square' international community of schools. The school's vision is stated as
We teach not for school but for life; we train not for time, but for eternity.
Academics
Its students write the Independent Examinations Board (IEB) Examinations.
References
External links
Anglican schools in South Africa
Boarding schools in South Africa
Schools in Cape Town
Private schools in the Western Cape
Educational institutions established in 1871
Girls' schools in South Africa
Round Square schools
1871 establishments in the Cape Colony
|
5377556
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%20Voecks
|
Al Voecks
|
Al Voecks (pronounced "vex") was the newsman for the Gerry House and the House Foundation morning show on WSIX-FM in Nashville, Tennessee.
He was born in Waverly, Iowa in 1938 and began his career in Sioux City, Iowa. Voecks came to Nashville in 1963 and worked as a television news anchor, news director and sports and weather presenter for NBC TV affiliate WSM-TV. In the 1970s, he worked for WSM Radio.
He joined the 'House Foundation' show in the early 1980s after hosting a talk show on WSIX-AM, then the sister station of the FM. Voecks does a newscast every half-hour with Duncan Stewart (House's sportscaster); he also plays along the 'Liars Club' and 'You Be The Judge' during the show each morning. House often quips on air that Voecks enjoys sitting in an empty hot tub and there are frequent references to his liquor cabinet. Occasionally on the House Foundation, House plays songs from Voecks' 'pile of music', or 'stacks of wax'.
Voecks has been named Broadcaster of the Year by the Tennessee Associated Press, and he has received recognition from numerous charitable organizations. Voecks has also co-hosted the Tennessee Crossroads on public television station WNPT since it began in 1987. In 2005, Voecks and his House-mates were named Broadcast Personality of the Year in the large market category at the Country Music Association's Broadcast Awards
References
External links
Voecks' bio on WSIX website
Tennessee Crossroads bio of Voecks
American radio personalities
1938 births
Living people
People from Waverly, Iowa
|
5377563
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford%20Ecohouse
|
Oxford Ecohouse
|
Oxford Ecohouse is a house in Oxford designed to maximise energy efficiency. It is equipped with the first photovoltaic cell roof installed in Britain (in 1995). Situated in a suburban street in North Oxford, it was designed by Susan Roaf, a professor at Heriot-Watt University. A six bedroom family home, it produces only 130 kg /annum per metre square, in contrast to comparable UK houses that produce 5000 kg /annum m². It has 4 kW peak of photovoltaic output, 5m² of solar hot water panels and additional heating from a passive solar sun space. It was designed using low energy construction techniques, high thermal mass and a wood-burning stove to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by over 95%. The house has featured in a number of architecture books and is used as a research source in sustainable design.
See also
Energy efficiency in British housing
References
Further reading
Sue Roaf, Manuel Fuentes, Stephanie Thomas - Ecohouse 2 (Architectural Press, 2003)
External links
Oxford Solar Initiative
Buildings and structures in Oxford
Low-energy building in the United Kingdom
Energy conservation in the United Kingdom
Sustainable buildings in the United Kingdom
|
5377564
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport%20%28botany%29
|
Sport (botany)
|
In botany, a sport or bud sport, traditionally called lusus, is a part of a plant that shows morphological differences from the rest of the plant. Sports may differ by foliage shape or color, flowers, fruit, or branch structure. The cause is generally thought to be a chance genetic mutation.
Sports with desirable characteristics are often propagated vegetatively to form new cultivars that retain the characteristics of the new morphology. Such selections are often prone to "reversion", meaning that part or all of the plant reverts to its original form. An example of a bud sport is the nectarine, at least some of which developed as a bud sport from peaches. Other common fruits resulting from a sport mutation are the red Anjou pear, the Ruby Red grapefruit, and the 'Pink Lemonade' lemon, which is a sport of the "Eureka" lemon.
See also
Mosaic (genetics)
References
Plant morphology
Mutation
Horticulture
|
3987115
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20R.%20Lilley
|
James R. Lilley
|
James Roderick Lilley (; January 15, 1928 – November 12, 2009) was a CIA operative and an American diplomat. He served as United States ambassador to China from 1989 to 1991.
Born to American parents in China, Lilley learned Mandarin at a young age before his family moved back to the United States at the outbreak of World War II. He served in the United States Army before earning an undergraduate degree from Yale University and a master's in international relations from George Washington University. He then joined the Central Intelligence Agency, where he would work for nearly 30 years in a variety of Asian countries prior to becoming a diplomat.
Before being appointed ambassador to China in 1989, he was director of the American Institute in Taiwan, Washington's de facto embassy on the island, and ambassador to South Korea. After the suppression of the Tiananmen Square protests, Lilley was critical of the Chinese crackdown and harbored a prominent dissident in the embassy, but worked to prevent long-term damage to United States–China relations. After his retirement, he published a memoir and worked as a fellow at the American Enterprise Institute.
Early life and education
James Lilley was born in Qingdao (Tsingtao) in coastal Shandong Province, Republic of China, to American expatriate parents. His father, an oil executive who had moved to China to work for Standard Oil in 1916, and his mother, a teacher, hired a Chinese nanny to help raise him. He spoke Mandarin fluently from a young age, in addition to French and English.
In prewar China, Lilley befriended and played catch with a Japanese soldier, but in 1940, soon after the outbreak of World War II, his family returned to the United States as fighting between Japanese and Chinese forces began to ravage the coastal regions of China. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy and served in the United States Army at Fort Dix from 1945 to 1946. During Lilley's army service, his older brother, whom he revered and who was a soldier stationed in Hiroshima, Japan, committed suicide.
After leaving the Army, Lilley earned a bachelor's degree from Yale University and a master's degree in international relations from George Washington University before studying classical Chinese at Hong Kong University and Columbia University. He began his career in government by joining the Central Intelligence Agency in 1951, at the beginning of the Cold War. In 1954, he married Sally Booth, with whom he had three sons.
Career
As a CIA operative, Lilley worked in various parts of Asia, including Laos, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Mainland China. In Laos, he worked to undermine the communist side in the Laotian Civil War. and helped to insert a number of CIA agents into China. In 1975, he was appointed to the position of national intelligence officer for China, which made him the highest-ranked expert on China in the American intelligence community.
Early in the administration of President Ronald Reagan, he was appointed to the National Security Council, where he served as the senior expert on East Asia. From 1981 to 1984, he served as director of the American Institute in Taiwan, the United States' unofficial diplomatic liaison to the government of Taiwan. There, he resisted attempts by the State Department to end arms sales to Taiwan, which the department hoped would lead to better relations with China. Lilley's resistance resulted in a compromise in which the United States agreed to reduce arms sales to Taiwan but set no timeline for stopping them. The United States has continued the arms sales. Lilley delivered what came to be known as the Six Assurances to then-President Chiang Ching-kuo.
In 1985, Lilley became the deputy assistant secretary of state for East Asian affairs. In the private sector, he taught about China at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies and consulted for companies doing business in East Asia. In 1986, Reagan appointed him as the United States ambassador to South Korea, where he served until 1989. His tenure in South Korea coincided with profound political change there; the year after his arrival, the country held its first real presidential election in nearly two decades.
Lilley was appointed by President George H.W. Bush to be ambassador to China in 1989, the only American diplomat to head diplomatic missions in both mainland China and Taiwan. Bush and Lilley had a longstanding friendship that began in the early 1970s, when Lilley was the head of station for the CIA in Beijing, and Bush was the chief of mission. That personal relationship meant that Lilley often had the ear of the president on issues relating to China, and many of his missives home were read directly by Bush. To gain a better understanding of what was happening on the ground, Lilley began to bike regularly through the streets of Beijing soon after his arrival. Thus, he was familiar with the grievances of Chinese students who participated in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 and sympathized with their interest in a more open government and society. He criticized the Chinese government after the violent suppression of those protests, which garnered widespread international attention and condemnation. In addition, he harbored the political dissident Fang Lizhi inside the American embassy for 18 months before the Chinese government allowed Fang to enter exile in the United States.
Despite his sympathy with the students' cause, Lilley argued against severe actions by the United States government such as severing ties with China, as he believed that such actions would not have the intended effect. He also arranged for a secret trip by two senior United States officials to reassure the Chinese government that the United States wished to continue its relationship with China. He did so, he later said, out of a belief that the United States "could contribute in constructive ways to a more open China." Despite his criticism, he remained respected by authorities in China, many of whom turned out at farewell parties when Lilley left China and retired from the diplomatic corps in 1991. His successor argued that Lilley's childhood familiarity with Chinese society had given him a unique perspective on Chinese culture and government.
On November 5, 1991, President George H. W. Bush nominated Lilley to succeed Henry S. Rowen as the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs. On November 27, 1991, he appeared before the Senate Committee on Armed Services. His nomination was approved by both the committee and the full Senate that same day. Lilley served in his final government position from December 12, 1991 to January 20, 1993.
Retirement and death
Following his retirement from government service, Lilley became a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, focusing on East Asian relations, and continued writing and speaking about the relationship between the United States and China. In 2004, he published a memoir, China Hands, dedicated to his brother, which dealt with his early exposure to Asia and his professional career.
Lilley died at Sibley Hospital in Washington, D.C., from complications of prostate cancer.
References
External links
"The World Without US – A Documentary" – An interview with Lilley regarding the United States' involvement in Taiwan and Japan.
Chai Ling and James Lilley (the U.S. Ambassador to China during the protest) interviewed on Charlie Rose June 4, 1996
1928 births
2009 deaths
Ambassadors of the United States to South Korea
Ambassadors of the United States to China
Directors of the American Institute in Taiwan
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from cancer in Washington, D.C.
Yale University alumni
Elliott School of International Affairs alumni
Columbia University alumni
Politicians from Qingdao
United States Assistant Secretaries of Defense
People of the Central Intelligence Agency
|
5377569
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shawn%20Toovey
|
Shawn Toovey
|
Shawn Toovey (born March 1, 1983 in Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Brian Cooper in the popular drama Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman for which Toovey won four Young Artist Awards.
Toovey was born March 1, 1983 in Lincoln, Nebraska. His family moved to San Antonio, Texas when he was four and ultimately ended up in California, where Shawn spent the next six years playing Brian Cooper on the CBS television series Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman. He is a founding member of the Children's Board of the Audrey Hepburn Hollywood for Children Foundation. He is also involved in the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, The Braille Institute, Camp Ronald McDonald, Meals on Wheels and various child abuse preventions organizations.
Toovey played the role of Brian opposite fellow Dr. Quinn actor Orson Bean in the theater production of A Christmas Carol. Toovey has received several awards to date, among them:
1994: Youth in Film Award - Best Actor in a Drama Series, 10 and under
1994: Spirit of the Prairie Award (from the governor of Nebraska)
1996: Young Artist Awards - Best Actor in a Drama Series
1996: Michael Landon Award - For: Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman
(1993) 1997: Young Artist Awards - Best Actor in a Drama Series.
Filmography
References
External links
Living people
1983 births
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
Male actors from Nebraska
American male child actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Actors from Lincoln, Nebraska
|
5377589
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Fiala
|
Jan Fiala
|
Jan Fiala (born 19 May 1956 in Slatinice) is a Czech former football player.
He played 58 matches for the Czechoslovakia national football team, for which he scored one goal. He was a member of the bronze team in the 1980 UEFA European Football Championship even if he didn't play a single match. He was a participant in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, where he played all three matches.
Fiala played his whole career in Czechoslovakia for Dukla Prague. He played for them 310 league matches and won the Czechoslovak First League in 1977, 1979 and 1982. In 1982, he was also voted the Czechoslovak Footballer of the Year. He then played for Le Havre AC from 1987 to 1988.
References
1956 births
Living people
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dukla Prague footballers
Le Havre AC players
Bourges 18 players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
UEFA Euro 1980 players
1982 FIFA World Cup players
Czechoslovak expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in France
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in France
Association football defenders
People from Olomouc District
Sportspeople from the Olomouc Region
|
3987123
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guro%20Fjellanger
|
Guro Fjellanger
|
Guro Fjellanger (26 January 1964 – 16 April 2019) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party. She served as Minister of the Environment in the first cabinet Bondevik from 1997 to 2000. She was a private consultant and a board member of several government agencies and organisations, and a member of two government-appointed commissions.
Early life
Fjellanger was born in Bergen as the daughter of Håkon Fjellanger, a professor, and Jorunn Carlsen, an interior decorator. She grew up in Stokmarknes and graduated high school in 1984. She later earned a degree in history from the University of Oslo in 1990.
Career
In 1985, Fjellanger was appointed as secretary of the Young Liberals, the youth wing of the Liberal Party. From 1986 to 1988 she chaired the organization. In 1988, she became vice president of the organization Nei til EU, which opposes Norwegian membership in the European Union. She was then secretary-general from 1991 to 1995.
In 1994 Fjellanger became a member of the central committee of the Liberal Party. She served as her party's information director in 1995, and was vice president of the party from 1996 to 2000. In 1996 she also worked briefly as a manager in the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature.
Following the 1997 general election when Magne Bondevik established his first cabinet, Fjellanger was appointed as Minister of the Environment. On 29 April 1998, she signed the Kyoto Protocol on behalf of Norway. She left the cabinet when the Bondevik's government lost a vote of confidence in March 2000. In the same year she stepped down as deputy leader of the Liberal Party.
From 2002 to 2004 she was the director of the Norwegian Centre Against Ethnic Discrimination, a government agency. She was a member of the board of the Norwegian Organization for Asylum Seekers from 1996 to 1997, and was chair of the Norwegian Institute for Water Research (2001–2007) and Ecolabelling Norway from 2004. Fjellanger was also a board member of the Norwegian Consumer Council (2008–2012) and the Oslo University Hospital from 2011. She was President of the Forum for Women and Development (2014–2016) and a member of the city council of Oslo from 2007 to 2015.
She was a member of two government-appointed commissions on the regulation of medical research and protection against discrimination of the disabled.
Personal life
Guro Fjellanger was born with spina bifida, a dysfunction of the spinal cord which inhibits normal walking. She learned to walk to a certain degree, she later used a wheelchair exclusively. When she became Minister of the Environment she became the first Norwegian government minister with a disability. In 2007 she notably won a lawsuit against the state, who in 2004 had refused to grant her insurance coverage with Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund.
In a November 2018 op-ed for Dagbladet, Fjellanger wrote that she has "not been constantly, seriously ill for the past 54 years though [she has] lived with spina bifida." She revealed that she had cancer and recently contracted serious infections and atrial fibrillation. She died on 16 April 2019, aged 55.
References
External links
Official website
1964 births
2019 deaths
Ministers of Climate and the Environment of Norway
Liberal Party (Norway) politicians
Politicians from Oslo
Directors of government agencies of Norway
Politicians with physical disabilities
People with spina bifida
People from Hadsel
Women government ministers of Norway
Government ministers with physical disabilities
|
5377611
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Margaret%27s%20Hospital%2C%20Sydney
|
St Margaret's Hospital, Sydney
|
St Margaret's Hospital was a maternity hospital in Sydney, Australia. It opened in 1894 and closed in 1998.
History
The hospital was founded by Gertrude Abbott (1836-1934), the foundress of an unofficial religious community, reportedly out of the experience of a poor, pregnant girl being brought to her in 1893 by a local policeman. The following year she opened the hospital, initially located on Elizabeth Street in Strawberry Hills, as the St Margaret's Maternity Home. It was founded "to provide shelter and care for unmarried girls of the comparatively respectable class".
From March to December 1894 Abbott admitted 9 married and 23 unmarried patients. In 1895 the hospital had 3 nurses trained as midwives, with 8 in training. In 1904, the hospital offered general gynecological services, and started an out-patients department, also with home visits by its staff. In 1910 the hospital moved to its final location at 435 Bourke Street, Darlinghurst, in a large art deco building.
Despite its religious name, Abbott established the hospital as nonsectarian, and was never under the authority of the Catholic Church. With the assistance of the members of her small community, she administered the hospital until 1924. At the time of her death at the hospital in 1934, St Margaret's was the third largest maternity hospital in Sydney. It treated 760 mothers that year, without any maternal deaths. In 1937, at her request, the hospital was taken over by the Sisters of St. Joseph of the Sacred Heart, to which Abbott had briefly belonged.
From 1961 to 1988, the hospital was a teaching hospital in obstetrics and gynecology with the University of Sydney. From 1988 until its closure in 1998 it was affiliated with the University of New South Wales.
Current status
The site of St Margaret's underwent a redevelopment into high density housing in 2004. Prior to the work commencing there were local community concerns regarding the scale of the development, a lack of community and the provision of open space. The redevelopment was managed by SJB Architects. Today the St Margaret's site includes 216 apartments across four blocks placed around a public square. There are several outdoor cafes, a supermarket, general retail and an underground carpark. Object Gallery occupies the original circular chapel designed and built by Ken Woolley in 1958.
See also
List of Art Deco buildings in Sydney
References
External sources
History of the University of Sydney
Former hospitals in Sydney
Hospital buildings completed in 1910
Hospitals established in 1894
Defunct hospitals in Australia
Hospitals disestablished in 1988
Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
Art Deco architecture in Sydney
1894 establishments in Australia
1988 disestablishments in Australia
|
5377624
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeavering%20Bell
|
Yeavering Bell
|
Yeavering Bell is a twin-peaked hill near the River Glen in north Northumberland, England, to the west of Wooler, and forming part of the Cheviot Hills. The summit, 1158 feet (361 metres) above sea level, is encircled by the wall of a late-prehistoric hillfort, a tribal centre of the Votadini called in Brythonic and Old Welsh Din Gefron, from which the name stems (Old English *geafringa-).
The hillfort encloses an area of approximately and is enclosed by a stone wall, upwards of thick, having four entrances, one of which is defended by a guard-house; and within this area is an inner fort, excavated out of the rock, of an oval form, measuring across at the widest part. On the sides of the hill, and in a high valley between the Bell and the next hill, called Whitelaw, there are many remains of stone huts rudely flagged, some in groups surrounded by rampiers (ramparts), and others isolated. Barrows, too, are numerous here.
The hillfort enclosure was constructed in two phases, according to a survey by English Heritage. The 'roundhouses' within the fort suggests communal living but these need not all have been dwellings. The differing size of these buildings may have indicated the status of their original occupants.
The buildings of the hillfort would have been bright pink when first constructed, being made from local andesite. This stone is pink when quarried and turns, after a few years’ exposure to the elements, to a dull grey.
Yeavering Bell overlooks the important Saxon site of Yeavering in the valley just to the north, which was mentioned by Bede in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People. The outlines of the wooden royal hall and assembly building have been marked out in the grass at Yeavering, and can be picked out from the slopes of Yeavering Bell.
References
Bibliography
Oswald A and Pearson S (2005) Yeavering Bell Hillfort. 98-126 in Frodsham and O’Brien.
Pearson S (1998) Yeavering Bell Hillfort, Northumberland. English Heritage: Archaeological Investigation Report Series AI/3/2001.
W & R Chambers (1869), the Book of Days, December 17
External links
Gefrin.com... Information, maps, diagrams, access routes and more about Yeavering, Gefrin and the hillforts in the north Cheviot hills
Hill forts in Northumberland
Hills of Northumberland
Former populated places in Northumberland
Kirknewton, Northumberland
|
5377625
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20basic%20data%20partition
|
Microsoft basic data partition
|
In Microsoft operating systems, when using basic disk partitioned with GUID Partition Table (GPT) layout, a basic data partition (BDP) is any partition identified with Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) of .
According to Microsoft, the basic data partition is the equivalent to master boot record (MBR) partition types (FAT16B), (NTFS or exFAT), and (FAT32). In practice, it is equivalent to (FAT12), (FAT16), (FAT32 with logical block addressing), and (FAT16 with logical block addressing) types as well.
A basic data partition can be formatted with any file system, although most commonly BDPs are formatted with the NTFS, exFAT, or FAT32 file systems. To programmatically determine which file system a BDP contains, Microsoft specifies that one should inspect the BIOS Parameter Block that is contained in the BDP's Volume Boot Record.
When a Microsoft operating system converts a GPT-partitioned basic disk to a dynamic disk, all BDPs are combined and converted to a single Logical Disk Manager data partition identified with GUID . This is analogous to the conversion from partition types , , , , , , and to partition type on MBR partitioned disks.
Linux used the same partition type GUID for basic data partition as Windows prior to introduction of a Linux specific Data Partition GUID .
References
See also
Disk partitioning
EFI system partition (ESP), a reserved partition on GPT disk
Microsoft Reserved Partition (MSR), a reserved partition on GPT disk
Disk file systems
Disk partitions
|
3987153
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil%20Zone
|
Evil Zone
|
Evil Zone, stylized as EVIL Z♀NE in the PAL region, is a fighting game developed by Yuke's Future Media Creators for the PlayStation in 1999. The player can choose from ten characters to fight in several game modes including story mode, arcade mode, versus mode, practice and survival mode.
Story
The story of the game tells of Ihadurca, a powerful being who exists in multiple dimensions at once. The inhabitants of the world of I-Praseru (Happy Island) were able to temporarily confine Ihadurca in a dimension known as Evil Zone. A tournament is held to select the strongest warrior throughout the dimensions. The champion will be tasked to destroy Ihadurca before she can escape the Evil Zone and threaten the world once more.
The story mode is presented as an anime. Every playable character has their own unique story, each including their unique title movie and cutscenes narrated by the playable character. The cutscenes are animated in an anime style and drawn by the animation studio AIC.
Gameplay
During the game, fighting occurs on a 3D field, with characters allowed to move forwards, backward, and sidestep left and right. Most of the fighting is done with range-based attacks, but it is possible to attack a short-range and use grapple moves on your opponent. The fighting system only utilizes two main moves types: attack and guard.
Each playable character has a unique move set and ultra-attack. An ultra-attack is a powerful move that requires 'Power Stocks' to perform. 'Power Stocks' are obtained by the character standing still and charging; characters can hold up to three stocks at a time. The less health a character has, the faster it takes to charge.
A 'Pressure Dash' can occur if both characters perform a dash attack, towards each other, at the same time. If a 'Pressure Dash' occurs, each player must rapidly hit buttons; the winner gains an advantage over their opponent.
Characters
There are 10 playable characters in Evil Zone, including the story's antagonist, Ihadurca.
Setsuna Saizuki - "The Guardian Angel"
Linedwell Rainrix - "A Medium at Daybreak"
Erel Plowse - "Mercenary"
Gally 'Vanish' Gregman - "The Bounty Hunter"
Keiya Tenpoouin - "The Man in the Shadow"
Midori Himeno - "Grappler and Passionate"
Danzaiver - "Exceptional Inspector"
Alty Al Lazel - "Wizard"
Kakurine - "Priestess"
Ihadurca - "The Absolute Existence"
Reception
The game received mixed reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 27 out of 40.
Notes
b.Written as character - "Alias"
References
External links
1999 video games
3D fighting games
Anime International Company
Multiplayer and single-player video games
PlayStation (console) games
PlayStation (console)-only games
Science fantasy video games
Titus Software games
Video games about demons
Video games developed in Japan
Video games featuring female protagonists
Video games about parallel universes
Video games scored by Satoshi Miyashita
Video games with alternate endings
Yuke's games
|
3987169
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anders%20Fjelstad
|
Anders Fjelstad
|
Anders Fjelstad (10 October 1879 – 1955) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party, then called Bondepartiet (The Farmers' Party). He was consultative councillor of state 1940–1943 in the exile Nygaardsvold's Cabinet.
References
1879 births
1955 deaths
Government ministers of Norway
|
3987175
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergfrid%20Fjose
|
Bergfrid Fjose
|
Bergfrid Fjose (31 March 1915 – 13 May 2004) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.
She was born in Ullensvang as the daughter of priest and politician Jon Mannsåker; her brother was the historian Dagfinn Mannsåker. She enrolled as a student in 1935, took the teacher's examination in 1938 and worked as a teacher at Valdres folk high school from 1938 to 1943. From 1943 to 1945 she was a refugee in Sweden due to the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. From 1947 to 1949 she worked in Kvam. She was elected to the municipal council there, serving from 1951 to 1952. She then worked in Voss from 1952 to 1957, and in Årdal from 1959 to 1967. She was member of Årdal municipal council from 1959 to 1963 and Fana municipal council from 1967 to 1971. From 1968 to 1969 she chaired the local party chapter.
She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland in 1969, and was re-elected on one occasion. During this period she was the leader of the informal parliamentary temperance and nynorsk groups. From 1972 to 1973 she was the Minister of Social Affairs, as a part of the cabinet Korvald. During her time in cabinet she was replaced in the Norwegian Parliament by Gunnar Mjånes and, briefly, Magne Haldorsen. During her period in office, she was responsible for the Vinmonopolet. During this time, the wine monopoly introduced unmarked gray plastic bags for the sake of anonymity; these were teasingly nicknamed "fjose-pose" ("Fjose bags").
Fjose had been a member of the board of Vinmonopolet from 1964 to 1978. She was also active in Noregs Mållag, Aksjonen mot Atomvåpen and other organizations, and from 1989 to 1991 she was a member of the National Council for Senior Citizens.
References
1915 births
2004 deaths
Members of the Storting
Government ministers of Norway
Hordaland politicians
Christian Democratic Party (Norway) politicians
Women members of the Storting
Norwegian temperance activists
Noregs Mållag
20th-century Norwegian women politicians
20th-century Norwegian politicians
Women government ministers of Norway
|
3987185
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20F.%20Eisner%20Museum%20of%20Advertising%20%26%20Design
|
William F. Eisner Museum of Advertising & Design
|
The William F. Eisner Museum of Advertising & Design, or The Eisner, was an advertising museum located in Historic Third Ward in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in the United States.
History
The museum was housed in an historic Renaissance Revival style building that was designed by architects Crane & Barkhausen and built in 1895. Opened in 2000, it was dedicated to William F. Eisner, a prolific 20th century designer and advertising entrepreneur. William's wife Elaine approached the Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design (MIAD) with the concept after his death in 1990.
Around February 2004, the Eisner Museum acquired the collections of the American Advertising Museum of Portland, Oregon in exchange for paying its debts.
The museum closed in 2010 when the building it was located in was sold. , the disposition of the museum's collection and archives is unknown.
Legacy
Exhibits examined the impact of modern advertising and design on the social, historical and aesthetic aspects of American culture. Past exhibits included the legendary Burma-Shave roadway billboards, industrial design pioneer Brooks Stevens, and 100 years of Harley-Davidson advertising.
Exhibits available on the World Wide Web have explored some of the more memorable forms of advertising and design, such as the illustration work of Boris Artzybasheff and The Art of the Album Cover.
References
Museums in Milwaukee
Defunct museums in Wisconsin
Mass media museums in the United States
Design museums in the United States
Industry museums in Wisconsin
Art museums established in 2000
2000 establishments in Wisconsin
Advertising museums
Advertising in the United States
Museums disestablished in 2010
2010 disestablishments in Wisconsin
|
5377628
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20cruiser%20Chitose
|
Japanese cruiser Chitose
|
was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy. It was the sister ship to .
Background
Chitose was ordered as part of the 1896 Emergency Fleet Replenishment Budget, funded by the war indemnity received from the Empire of China as part of the settlement of the Treaty of Shimonoseki ending the First Sino-Japanese War.
Design
Chitose was designed and built in San Francisco in the United States by the Union Iron Works. The vessel was the second major capital warship to be ordered by the Imperial Japanese Navy from an American shipbuilder, and the last to be ordered from an overseas shipyard. The cruiser's specifications were very similar to that of , but with slightly larger displacement and overall dimensions, but with identical gun armament (and without the bow torpedo tubes). However, internally the ships were very different, with Chitose having 130 watertight compartments, compared with 109 in Takasago.
Service record
Chitose'''s launch was filmed by Thomas Edison. The ship was christened by May Budd, niece of California governor James Budd, with a bottle of California wine. Gladys Sullivan, niece of San Francisco mayor James D. Phelan, pressed the button that sent the ship down the slipway. To symbolize the peacekeeping role of the warship, 100 doves were released as the vessel was launched. Japanese Consul General Segawa explained in a speech at the following luncheon that the name "Chitose" meant "a thousand years of peace" in Japanese, and that he hoped that the ship would fulfill that wish.Chitose arrived at Yokosuka Naval District on 30 April 1899.
Russo-Japanese War
During the Russo-Japanese War, Chitose was active in the Battle of Port Arthur as flagship for Admiral Dewa Shigeto. On 9 February 1904, she was part of the 3rd Cruiser Squadron which engaged the Russian fleet at the entrance to Port Arthur, attacking the cruisers and , and sinking a Russian destroyer on 25 February.
During the Battle of the Yellow Sea on 10 August, Chitose participated in the unsuccessful pursuit of the cruisers Askold and Novik, and continued to pursue Novik to Hokkaido together with , sinking the Russian cruiser at the Battle of Korsakov on 21 August.
During the final decisive Battle of Tsushima, Chitose, together with the other cruisers in the 3rd Division, engaged the Russian cruisers , , and . When Kasagi was damaged in the battle, Admiral Dewa transferred his flag to Chitose. The following day, Chitose sank a Russian destroyer, and successfully pursued the cruiser . Following the Battle of Tsushima, Chitose was assigned to cover the landings of Japanese reinforcements in northern Korea. She returned to Maizuru Naval Arsenal for repairs at the end of July 1905.
World War I
From 1 April-16 November 1907, Chitose made a round-the-world voyage together with the armoured cruiser , first stopping in the United States to attend the Jamestown Exposition of 1907, the 300th anniversary celebrations of the founding of the Jamestown Colony, and continuing onwards to Europe. She underwent an extensive overhaul in 1910, with her cylindrical locomotive-style boilers replaced by more reliable Miyabara boilers.
During World War I, Chitose was assigned to the IJN 2nd Fleet, and participated in patrols of the sea lanes between Singapore and Borneo against German commerce raiders and U-boats, as part of Japan's contribution to the Allied war effort under the Anglo-Japanese Alliance.
The ship was downgraded to a 2nd class coastal defense vessel on 1 September 1921 and was partially disarmed. Chitose was deemed obsolete on 1 April 1928 and removed from the navy list. Re-designated Haikan No. 1'', she was sunk on 19 July 1931 off Kōchi, Shikoku as a target for dive bombers during a live fire exercise.
Notes
References
External links
Library of Congress site with video of launching of the Chitose
Kasagi-class cruisers
Ships built in San Francisco
1898 ships
Naval ships of Japan
Russo-Japanese War cruisers of Japan
World War I cruisers of Japan
Maritime incidents in 1931
Ships sunk as targets
Shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean
Articles containing video clips
Ships built by Union Iron Works
|
3987187
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.%20K.%20Shyam
|
U. K. Shyam
|
Umaglia Kancanangai Shyam Dhuleep, (born 1 July 1976) commonly known as U. K. Shyam, is a retired Singaporean track and field athlete and current national 100m record holder of Singapore.
He attended St. Andrew's Secondary School and Raffles Junior College, and went on to do a double degree in Philosophy and Political Science at the National University of Singapore.
He holds the Singaporean national record over the 100m with a timing of 10.37s. He broke the 33-year-old record of 10.38s (set by C. Kunalan) at the World University Games in Beijing in 2001. He equalled his own national record soon after at the 2001 Southeast Asian Games in Kuala Lumpur, and his 10.37s still stands to date as the fastest ever SEA Games silver medal in SEA Games history.
After retiring from sprinting, he went on to become an English teacher at Raffles Institution.
Athletics career
Shyam joined the national track and field team in 1992.
At the 1997 Southeast Asian Games, Shyam won the bronze medal in the 4×100 metres relay.
In 2000, he quit the national team after a dispute over his education funding but rejoined the team in 2001. He went on to win the Hong Kong Open with 10.45s and qualified for the 2001 Southeast Asian Games in Kuala Lumpur. He clinched the silver medal in the 100m race with 10.37s, equalling the national record he created earlier in the year.
In 2003, Shyam took part in the 2003 Southeast Asian Games and won the silver medal in the 4×100 metres relay with Lin Jingze, Hamkah Afik and Poh Seng Song.
At the 2005 Southeast Asian Games, Shyam won the bronze medal in the 4×100 metres relay.
He retired from athletics in 2005.
Post athletics career
After retirement from sprinting, Shyam went on to teach philosophy at a junior college. He subsequently became an English teacher at Raffles Institution.
In 2018, Shyam released a book, written by former national sprinter Kenneth Khoo, Running On Empty: The Story Behind 0.01s, detailing his athletics career. Shyam and Khoo donated their royalties from the book to the Chiam See Tong Sports Fund.
Personal life
Shyam is married to Chia Hui Ping.
Achievements
Obtained IAAF world ranking in Men's 100m in 2001
Qualified for Athens Olympics 2004 – B qualifier
Ranked 2nd in Southeast Asia for the 100m Men's Sprint event in 2001
Asian Games 2002 (Korea, Busan) 100m Men's sprint event Semi-finalist
23rd SEA Games (Manila, 2005) – 100m Men's sprint event Finalist
1st athlete to be placed on Singapore Sports Council's inaugural Athlete Career Training Programme (ACT Scheme) Programme was launched and conferred by then Deputy Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong.
Ranked 1st in Singapore for the 100m Men's Sprint event from 2001 to 2003
Singapore Sports Council Awards Meritorious Award winner (Senior) 2001
Individual Award Recipient for Sporting Singapore Inspiration Awards 2006.
Winner of the Public Sports Medal 2011
Holland Village Celebrity Silver Medal Winner 2011 "Poser Fun Award Category"
Singapore 100m record holder
Ambassadorships and scholarships
Recipient of International Olympic Council (IOC) Olympic Solidarity Fund Scholarship 2002
Tag Heuer Ambassador for Singapore (2001–2003)
NIKE Ambassador for Singapore (1994, 1995, 2001 – present)
Anti-Smoking Campaign Ambassador for Singapore (2002)
One of the Ambassadors for Singapore Sports School
Bibliography
References
External links
1976 births
Singaporean male sprinters
Saint Andrew's School, Singapore alumni
Raffles Junior College alumni
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 2002 Asian Games
Southeast Asian Games medalists in athletics
Southeast Asian Games silver medalists for Singapore
Southeast Asian Games bronze medalists for Singapore
Competitors at the 1997 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2001 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2003 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games
Asian Games competitors for Singapore
|
5377631
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heyford%20railway%20station
|
Heyford railway station
|
Heyford railway station serves the village of Lower Heyford and surrounding areas in Oxfordshire, England. It is on the Cherwell Valley Line and is ideally located for visiting the Oxford Canal and Heyford Wharf, which are both alongside. The station, and the ten trains each Monday to Saturday serving it, are operated by Great Western Railway.
It is measured from via .
Services
Trains are all operated by Great Western Railway, except for one late night weekday service at 0053 to Banbury, operated by Chiltern. Some peak trains run through to/from London Paddington at peak times, but otherwise services operate between Oxford and Banbury only and call roughly every two hours.
Sundays services operate in the summer months only, usually from the May timetable change until mid-September (3 trains per day each way).
References
Railway stations in Oxfordshire
Former Great Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1850
Railway stations served by Great Western Railway
Railway stations served by Chiltern Railways
|
5377635
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carter%20County%20Schools%20%28Kentucky%29
|
Carter County Schools (Kentucky)
|
Carter County Schools is a school district based in Carter County, Kentucky. The district includes the cities of Grayson and Olive Hill. The current Superintendent of Carter County Schools, KY is Ronnie Dotson.
Schools
High schools
East Carter High School is located in Grayson. The school's colors are Red, White and Blue. The East Carter High mascot is the Raiders. East Carter was the site of a fatal school shooting in 1993.
West Carter High School located in Olive Hill. The school's colors are Maroon and White. The West Carter High mascot is the Comets.
Middle schools
There are two middle schools in the Carter County District. East and West Carter Middle School.
East Carter Middle School is located in, Grayson, Kentucky, while West Carter Middle School is located Olive Hill, Kentucky.
Both East and West Middle house the 6th, 7th, and 8th grade. East Carter's mascot is the Raiders, while West Carter's mascot is the Comets. (Formerly the Warriors.)
Primary schools
Carter Elementary School is located in Carter City, Kentucky. Its mascot is the Wildcat, and the school colors are blue and white. Students advance to both East and West Carter Middle Schools. This building served as a high school until the school was merged with Olive Hill High School to form West Carter High School.
Heritage Elementary School is located near Hitchins, Kentucky. It was formed from the consolidation of the former Hitchins and Willard Elementary Schools. Students advance to East Carter. Its mascot is the Patriot.
Olive Hill Elementary School is located in Olive Hill. Its colors are Maroon and white, and its mascot is the bulldog. Students advance to West Carter. It is a consolidation of Grahn, Lawton, Soldier, and Olive Hill Elementary Schools.
Prichard Elementary is located in Grayson, KY. The school colors are Black and Gold. The school mascot is the Yellow Jacket. Students advance to East Carter.
Star Elementary located in Rush, Kentucky. The school mascot is the Rocket. Students advance to East Carter.
Upper Tygart Elementary, located near Globe, Kentucky. School colors are Blue and White. The school mascot is the Tiger. Students advance to West Carter.
External links
Carter County Schools
School districts in Kentucky
Education in Carter County, Kentucky
|
3987190
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th%20Street%20station%20%28PATH%29
|
14th Street station (PATH)
|
14th Street is a station on the PATH system. Located at the intersection of 14th Street and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, it is served by the Hoboken–33rd Street and Journal Square–33rd Street lines on weekdays, and by the Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken) line on weekends.
Station layout
This PATH station has side platforms, which are not connected by a crossover or crossunder. The southbound platform shares a mezzanine area with the IND Sixth Avenue Line's station at 14th Street, but the northbound platform exits directly to the street. There is no free transfer between either platform, nor to any of the other stations in the 14th Street/Sixth Avenue station complex.
The original station, opened on February 25, 1908, was modified slightly as a result of the building of the Sixth Avenue Line. The platforms were extended to the south, and the northern ends were closed. This allowed the downtown platform to share a street entrance with the downtown IND subway.
The southbound platform was renovated in 1986.
19th Street station
North of the 14th Street station is the abandoned 19th Street station, which was the original northern terminus of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad. It opened on February 25, 1908, and closed on August 1, 1954. It is now used for storing mechanical equipment and is still visible from trains travelling between 14th Street and 23rd Street.
Subway connections
Direct New York City Subway connections include:
14th Street on the IND Sixth Avenue Line ()
14th Street on the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line () via a block-long passageway
Sixth Avenue on the BMT Canarsie Line ()
Passengers traveling from New Jersey must exit to street level, enter a nearby subway entrance, and descend to a separate subway mezzanine in order to access the IND station complex.
The entrances for New Jersey-bound PATH commuters are on the southwest and northwest corners of 6th Avenue and 14th Street. The entrance for 33 Street-bound PATH commuters is on the east side of 6th Avenue, midblock between 13th and 14th Streets. The New School and Union Square are nearby.
References
External links
PATH - 14th Street Station
14th Street southbound entrance (shared with NYCS) from Google Maps Street View
14th Street northbound entrance from Google Maps Street View
Platform from Google Maps Street View
PATH stations in Manhattan
Sixth Avenue
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1908
Chelsea, Manhattan
West Village
1908 establishments in New York City
Railway stations located underground in New York (state)
14th Street (Manhattan)
|
3987193
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag%20Jostein%20Fj%C3%A6rvoll
|
Dag Jostein Fjærvoll
|
Dag Jostein Fjærvoll (20 January 1947 – 5 February 2021) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party. He served as Minister of Defence from 1997 to 1999, and Minister of Transport and Communications from 1999 to 2000.
His father Edmund Fjærvoll was also a member of Parliament.
He died sixteen days after his 74th birthday.
References
1947 births
2021 deaths
Members of the Storting
Christian Democratic Party (Norway) politicians
Ministers of Transport and Communications of Norway
20th-century Norwegian politicians
Defence ministers of Norway
|
5377638
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fr%C3%BDdek
|
Martin Frýdek
|
Martin Frýdek (born 9 March 1969 in Hradec Králové) is a Czech football manager and former player, whose position was midfielder. He was lastly the manager of Czech 2. Liga side Vlašim.
He played for Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic, he played a total of 37 matches and scored four goals internationally. He started his career FC Hradec Králové before moving to AC Sparta Prague. This was followed by an unsuccessful two-year stint in Germany at Bayer 04 Leverkusen and MSV Duisburg after which he returned to the Czech 1. Liga, joining FK Teplice. He was forced to leave Teplice in 2003 and joined SC Xaverov.
He was a participant in the 1996 UEFA European Championship, where the Czech Republic won the silver medal.
He also represented his country at the 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup in Saudi Arabia, playing one match.
He joined Vlašim as manager in the summer of 2012. He left his post at Vlašim in April 2013, with the club five points above the relegation zone; he was replaced by former team-mate Michal Horňák.
References
External links
Living people
1969 births
Sportspeople from Hradec Králové
Association football midfielders
Czech footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dual internationalists (football)
UEFA Euro 1996 players
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup players
AC Sparta Prague players
Bayer 04 Leverkusen players
MSV Duisburg players
FK Teplice players
Czech First League players
Bundesliga players
Czech football managers
FC Sellier & Bellot Vlašim managers
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Czech National Football League managers
|
3987194
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Fryxell
|
Paul Fryxell
|
Paul Arnold Fryxell was an American botanist known for his work on flowering plants, especially those within the Malvaceae.
Education and career
Fryxell attended Moline public schools and later Augustana College, graduating with a B.A. in 1949, and Iowa State University (M.S., 1951, Ph.D., 1955). After employment with the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station (1952–1955) and the Wichita State University (Asst. Professor of Botany, 1955–1957), he joined the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, with which agency he spent most of his career as a Research Botanist, located on the Texas A&M University campus. He retired from this position in 1994 and became Adjunct Professor in Integrative Biology at the University of Texas at Austin. He was also an Honorary Curator at the New York Botanical Garden.
Research
His research interests have centered on the taxonomy of the Neotropical Malvaceae, including work on the evolution, biodiversity, and taxonomy of Gossypium, the genus that includes the world's cotton crop. He served as president of the American Society of Plant Taxonomists (1983–1984) and of the Society for Economic Botany (1988–1989), and held a Fulbright Scholar Award for study in Argentina (1993). In 1961 he was a elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also a fellow of the Texas Academy of Science and a member of the Commission of Flora Neotropica.
He was a contributor of treatments of the Malvaceae to numerous Neotropical floristic works and conducted fieldwork in the neotropics, primarily in Mexico but also in parts of Central and South America, as well as in tropical Australia.
In 1974, he was honoured by botanist David Martin Bates, (1934-2019), who named a monotypic genus of plants after him, Fryxellia (belonging to the family Malvaceae), comes from Mexico and Texas.
Selected publications
Personal life
His wife Greta (Albrecht) Fryxell was an oceanographer known for her research on diatoms.
References
See also
American botanists
1927 births
2011 deaths
Augustana College (Illinois) alumni
Iowa State University alumni
|
5377642
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursaray
|
Bursaray
|
Bursaray (sometimes stylized as BursaRay) is a rapid transit system in the city of Bursa, Marmara Region, Turkey, built in 2000 by TÜVASAŞ, and operated by Burulaş. The name Bursaray is a portmanteau of Bursa, and Ray, the Turkish word for "rail". The Bursaray metro opened for passenger service on 24 April 2002. The metro system presently consists of two lines, which share a main line in the east, and branch into two lines at the western end of the system.
It is planned to expand the Bursaray system to a network in the future.
History
31 Jan 1997: Bursaray contract signed
14 Oct 1998: construction begins
24 Apr 2002: passenger trial service begins
19 Aug 2002: official opening of first line: Şehreküstü - Küçük Sanayi (Hipodrom)
02 Jan 2005: construction work begins on BursaRay Phase 1 Stage B
06 Apr 2008: extension east from Sehreküstü - Arabayatagi (i.e. BursaRay Phase 1 Stage B enters service)
28 Oct 2008: Phase 2 construction work begins
24 Dec 2010: extension: Phase 2, Küçük Sanayi (Hipodrom) - Özlüce (2.9 km), enters service
19 Sep 2011: extension: Phase 2, Özlüce - Üniversite (3.6 km)
15 Dec 2011: extension: Phase 2, Organize Sanayi (1050 Konutlar) - Emek (2.5 km)
19 Mar 2014: extension: Phase 3, Arabayatağı - Otosansit (4.4 km)
27 Mar 2014: extension: Phase 3, Otosansit - Gürsu (2.0 km)
05 Jun 2014: extension: completion of Phase 3, Gürsu - Kestel (1.5 km)
02 Apr 2021: Phase Hospital construction work begins
04 Nov 2021: Infill station "Odunluk" between Nilüfer and Acemler was opened.
Operations
The Bursaray system is made up of two lines that operate on of route, serving 38 stations (7 of which are underground stations).
The track gauge is similar to all Turkish metro systems (such as in Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and Adana); the entire network consists of standard gauge rail of .
Station platforms are long, and high; most stations use island platforms.
Rolling stock
A total of 48 cars of the B80 type ( long) were delivered by Siemens (in collaboration with the local company TÜVASAŞ). Siemens TS supplied the signalling automation systems and the power supply system.
Later the fleet was enlarged with 30 Bombardier Flexity Swift light rail cars (similar to those on the U5 line on the Frankfurt U-Bahn) from Bombardier. After that, Burulas purchased 44 used 'Sneltram' Duewag SG2 (Duewag T-cars) from Rotterdam; 25 of which were placed in service while the other 19 were used to provide spare parts as needed.
All Duewag SG2 cars are discontinued today.
In addition, 60 Durmazlar GreenCity cars are in service.
Network Map
See also
Trams in Bursa
List of metro systems
References
External links
Bursaray – official site
Image of Bursaray
Map
Rapid transit in Turkey
Railway lines opened in 2002
Standard gauge railways in Turkey
Transport in Bursa
1500 V DC railway electrification
|
5377649
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai%20legislative%20election%2C%202006
|
Thai legislative election, 2006
|
Two elections were scheduled in Thailand in 2006 for the lower house of the Thai National Assembly, the House of Representatives:
April 2006 Thai legislative election and
October 2006 Thai legislative election
|
5377657
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranas%20Mork%C5%ABnas
|
Pranas Morkūnas
|
Pranas Morkūnas (9 October 1900 - 28 December 1941) was a Lithuanian translator and poet dadaist.
Biography and literary works
Morkūnas was born in Riga, Latvia on 9 October 1900. In 1919 he was volunteer in Lithuanian army, later he participated in Lithuanian Riflemen's Union. From 1924 he was studying Lithuanian language and law at University of Lithuania, was correspondent of Lithuanian press, translated erotic and mystery literature into Lithuanian, was working as administrator of journal Kultūra (Culture). Morkūnas was communist sympathiser .
His poem šaipėrantas was published in January 1930, in the first issue of pro-communist literary journal Trečias frontas (The Third front), as "an interesting formal experiment". šaipėrantas was not understood and ridiculed after publication. His collection of dadaist and imaginist poems Dainuoja degeneratas. Dadaistiški imažinistiniai eilėraščiai was only published in 1993. Poetry of Morkūnas was continuation of rebellion started by The Four Winds literary movement against traditional poetry .
Morkūnas died in the front at Moscow on 28 December 1941 .
External links
Poems of Pranas Morkūnas
1900 births
1941 deaths
Lithuanian writers
Lithuanian male poets
Lithuanian people of World War II
Writers from Riga
20th-century poets
|
3987199
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Johnson%20%28reporter%29
|
John Johnson (reporter)
|
John Johnson (born June 20, 1938) is an American television anchorman, senior correspondent, documentary filmmaker and artist. He was a reporter on New York City television news for many years.
Johnson joined ABC News in 1968, ultimately becoming the first African American documentary producer, director and writer at a broadcast network. He won distinction for his documentaries Welfare Game and Strangers in Their Own Land: The Puerto Ricans. He was one of the first black filmmakers in the prestigious Directors Guild of America. Johnson then became a network correspondent and covered such stories as the Attica Prison riot that led to the deaths of 33 prisoners and 10 corrections officers. Johnson was inside the prison when guards and state troopers shot to death 29 prisoners and nine hostages. A tenth hostage later died. State officials falsely claimed that the prisoners had cut the throats of the hostages, and many news outlets repeated the erroneous accounts. Johnson declined to do so because he had seen no such thing. Interviewed decades later, he said, "I didn’t see that. All I saw were troopers, police and Guardsmen going in with guns and firing in a cloud of smoke."
In 1972, Johnson began a long run at WABC. Johnson was among the pioneers of the Eyewitness News format at WABC after it first came to New York in 1968. Decades later, the New York Times quoted Johnson's description of the multiculturalism of those early years: "We really did something different, we had a personality, and a news team that was a microcosm of America . . . We were black, white, Jewish, Latino. That’s why it became so beloved."
In the late 1980s, he served as a rotating anchor of the 6 p.m. newscast in the aftermath of Roger Grimsby's firing with Kaity Tong and Bill Beutel. Johnson, who had also anchored the station's weekend newscasts and served as a reporter prior to this, eventually returned to reporting as senior correspondent after WABC made the decision to have Beutel anchor the 6 p.m. newscast by himself. During his years as senior correspondent, Johnson covered the release of Nelson Mandela from a South African prison and his presidential election. He reported from the first Gulf War, the Bosnian War and was one of the first reporters landing with American troops during the Unified Task Force intervention in Somalia. One of Johnson's last assignments at WABC was his reporting at the O. J. Simpson murder case in 1994-95.
While the trial was still going on, Johnson left WABC in March 1995 and became co-anchor of WCBS' 5 p.m. and 11 p.m. newscasts in June of that same year. Johnson remained at the station until October 1996 when, along with several other notable personalities, he was fired. The timing of the firings was peculiar as Johnson and co-anchor Michele Marsh had offered a preview of the upcoming 11pm newscast at the end of the 6 pm news, with the firings occurring in the interim four and a half hours.
Johnson was not out of work for long, as he and his WCBS co-anchor Michele Marsh were hired by WNBC to anchor the station's new noon newscast. After a year, however, Johnson left WNBC due to care for his father who was dying of cancer, and never returned to TV.
During his 30-year television news career, Johnson won nine Emmys and numerous other awards as a reporter, producer, writer and director.
Johnson was to resurface again with the publication of his autobiography Only Son: A Memoir (Warner Books) in 2002. His memoir achieved success in China, where it was published in a Chinese language edition. In the book, Johnson describes his childhood in Harlem and Bedford-Stuyvesant, and, according to a review in Publishers Weekly, the "intense love-hate dynamic between his abusive father, 'Black Jack,' and his alcoholic mother, Irene—in a narrative frightening in its emotional intensity."
A former associate professor of fine arts and Chairman of the Arts Department at Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and a guest lecturer at other universities before his broadcast career, Johnson then resumed his painting career. His paintings, which have been shown in Europe and the United States, have been featured at The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Walter Wickiser Gallery in Manhattan's art centers: SoHo and Chelsea.
Johnson has portrayed himself in such films as CopLand and 54. He was also featured in the award-winning documentary Eyes on the Prize and a 2021 documentary, Attica.
In 2016, Johnson's alma mater, the City College of New York, dedicated and opened The John Johnson Archive, a permanent collection of his documentaries, videotape, photos, war memorabilia, documents and personal possessions. The Archive celebrates Johnson's professional legacy and benefits students concentrating in the study of history, journalism, political science, social science and art. Johnson received the CCNY President's Award in 2015 and the Townsend Harris Medal for Outstanding Achievement in 2000 when he was also inducted into the Communications Hall of Fame.
References
Citations
"WNBC Anchor Quits to Nurse Dying Dad" nydailynews.com 8/17/97.
"Axed Newscasters Anchored by Family. Marsh and Johnson Gather Strength for New Jobs at Ch. 4" nydailynews.com 10/22/96.
"Anchor Away: John Johnson Jumping from Ch. 7. to Ch. 2" nydailynews.com 3/17/95.
"Former Journalist John Johnson's Art Collection, 'In the Spectrum', Opens in N.Y.C." Huffington Post 5/19/14.
"Ex-newsman John Johnson's art portrays his life - as well as Angelina Jolie and Lady Gaga," New York Daily News 5/10/12.
Allan Wolper talks with veteran New York newsman John Johnson, WBGO.org radio interview, 10/2/12.
"Up Close with Diana Williams" interview with John Johnson, WABC-TV Ch. 7, 5/11/14.
"Emmy Award Winner John Johnson, ’61, ’63MA, Gifts Papers to CCNY," City College of NY press release, 3/16/15.
External links
How a Former News Anchor and Current Painter Spends His Sundays: John Johnson, a trailblazing Black journalist, lives in the woods now, where he has an art studio and a cozy den that he calls “the nest.”, New York Times, Straus, Alex, February 19, 2021
1938 births
Living people
African-American journalists
Television anchors from New York City
New York (state) television reporters
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American people
|
3987212
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerifit%20Brands
|
Amerifit Brands
|
Amerifit Brands, also commonly known as Amerifit, Inc. and Amerifit Nutrition, is an American corporation that produces numerous health and wellness brands, such as Estroven, AZO, and Culturelle. Its headquarters are located in Cromwell, Connecticut, but were previously located in Bloomfield, nearly 25 miles away. Its current CEO is Wes Parris.
Brand names
AcuTrim
AcuTrim was an over-the-counter appetite suppressant first manufactured by the Ciba-Geigy Corporation in 1982. Ciba-Geigy merged with Sandoz to form Novartis in 1996 and shortly thereafter, in 1997, the brand was sold to Heritage Consumer Products. In 2000, however, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requested that all manufacturers cease making products containing phenylpropanolamine (PPA), which included the AcuTrim brand. PPA is believed to increase the likelihood of suffering a hemorrhagic stroke, particularly in women. In 2001, the brand was acquired by Health and Nutrition Systems International. The AcuTrim brand comprised 22% of the company's sales for that year, 18% in 2002, and 7% for half of 2003. At that time, the product no longer contained PPA, but had been converted to a natural dietary supplement for weight loss. In August 2003, Amerifit acquired the brand name, and marketed a weight loss program under the name Acutrim, but it never contained PPA at any time. Then, in December 2005, the FDA issued an order that banned the over-the-counter sale of products containing PPA. Amerifit discontinued the product in 2005, but Amerifit still owns the AcuTrim trademark.
During its lifetime, varieties of the brand included AcuTrim Late Day and AcuTrim Complete.
Culturelle
Culturelle is a probiotic supplement featuring the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain of bacteria.
Estroven
Estroven is a dietary supplement, first produced in 1997, used to treat the effects of hormonal imbalance in women during all stages of menopause. Estroven contains a standardized extract of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) and plant-based estrogens (called isoflavones) from soy, both used to help reduce hot flashes and night sweats. All varieties also include essential vitamins and minerals, such as calcium, boron, vitamin E, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folic acid.
Vitaball
Vitaball was a kind of gumball that contained vitamins. It came in various fruit flavors including: cherry, watermelon, grape, and bubble gum. It was recently discontinued.
References
External links
Companies based in Middlesex County, Connecticut
Cromwell, Connecticut
|
5377658
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tackley%20railway%20station
|
Tackley railway station
|
Tackley railway station is on the Cherwell Valley Line in Oxfordshire, England, serving the village of Tackley and its surrounding area. Great Western Railway operates the station and all but one of the trains serving it. The exception is a weekday late night service to operated by Chiltern Railways.
Measured via the station is from .
History
When the Oxford – Banbury section of the Oxford and Rugby Railway opened in 1850 the nearest station was Woodstock Road, which was at Enslow south of Tackley. In the 1930s, in response to increasing competition from bus services, the Great Western Railway opened a number of new halts. One of these was Tackley, which was opened on 6 April 1931.
Route
Services
Trains call roughly every two hours in each direction, with a few peak extras. Trains mainly run between Banbury & Didcot, with some trains terminating or starting at Oxford or running to or from Reading. A limited Sunday service runs between the May timetable change and mid-September only (no service in winter).
Mosaics
In 2017 Tackley Primary School with funding from Siemens as part of the Great Western route modernisation created four large mosaics which can now be seen on the "up" platform.
Level crossing
The GWR sited Tackley halt just north of a level crossing on the road linking Tackley with the village of Kirtlington. This had a crossing keeper on duty 24 hours a day and the gates were interlocked with the railway signalling system. However, the route later ceased to be a through road between the two villages, so the railway company withdrew the crossing keeper and redesignated the crossing to be operated by its users.
It was then made an occupation crossing and the only vehicles allowed to use it were those authorised to have access to Tackley Estate. It had large gates for vehicles and small ones for pedestrians. This was still the case in 2009, but by 2012 the large gates had been replaced by fences and the surface for vehicles to cross the tracks had been removed (see photo).
The crossing is used by a bridleway linking Tackley and Kirtlington, which is now also part of National Cycle Route 51. The crossing is also the only passenger access to and from the "up" platform (i.e. for trains from Banbury or to Oxford, Reading and London). As of 2009 Network Rail had 165 unprotected level crossings related to its stations, 26 of which were defined as "user-worked" or "footpath crossings". However, Tackley crossing is the only one that combines station access with a public bridleway.
Bridge and subway proposals
In 1999 Railtrack plc launched its Reading – Birmingham Cross Country Route Modernisation Project, which was to increase maximum speeds from to ready for Virgin CrossCountry's plan to introduce its new Voyager trains in 2002 (Operation Princess). Higher train speeds would increase the risk of a train colliding with someone on a user-worked level crossing, so in 2000 Railtrack asked West Oxfordshire District Council (WODC) for planning permission to build a footbridge. The bridge would serve passengers and other pedestrians but not vehicles, so the level crossing would have to remain.
In 2001 WODC refused planning permission for a footbridge purely because of its appearance. The council declared "that the proposed footbridge will, by reason of its size, design and use of materials represent an alien, incongruous and overtly urban feature in this rural location". In 2002 Railtrack responded by requesting planning permission for a subway under the railway for pedestrians, equestrians and cyclists. Railtrack and the Tackley Estate agreed an alternative route for vehicular access, and thus it would be possible to close the crossing completely. Because of the topography of the site, the subway would have to be south of Tackley station. WODC again refused planning permission, this time asserting "the design's failure to make safe and convenient provision for horses, their riders, pedestrians, cyclists, the elderly and disabled people; and that the subway would appear as an unduly prominent and intrusive feature in the rural scene". Oxfordshire County Council supported WODC's refusal.
At the same time the Department for Transport removed Railtrack from controlling Britain's rail network. The DfT created a new company, by Network Rail (NR), which revised the subway proposal and lodged a planning appeal against WODC's refusal of planning permission for it. A planning inspector visited the crossing and, unlike WODC, commented that the subway would improve access to and from the "up" platform for passengers with some types of disability. In July 2003 the inspector upheld NR's appeal and granted planning permission for the subway.
However, in September 2002 Virgin CrossCountry had already introduced its accelerated timetable and by July 2003 NR had nearly finished the CrossCountry Route Modernisation, but without increasing train speeds through Tackley station. NR was drawing the project to a close and it did not implement the plan for a subway at Tackley. The planning permission was valid for five years and lapsed, unused, in July 2008.
Fatality and near miss
On 31 March 2008 Margaret Evans, an 82-year-old Tackley resident, was struck and killed by a CrossCountry Voyager train while she was crossing to the up platform to catch a local train to Oxford. On 16 February 2009 another CrossCountry Voyager train had a near miss with someone using Tackley crossing.
The Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) found that the immediate cause of the 2008 fatality was that Mrs Evans stepped into the path of the express train. However, the RAIB also identified a problem with the "decision point", i.e. the place at which a user would decide where to cross relative to the track and identified WODC's refusal of planning permission for an alternative, safer crossing as an "underlying factor" in the accident.
Closure of crossing
The crossing was eventually closed in April 2020, replaced by a temporary footbridge at the Banbury end of the platform.
References
Sources
External links
Railway stations in Oxfordshire
Former Great Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1931
Railway stations served by Great Western Railway
Railway stations served by Chiltern Railways
|
3987213
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erector%20spinae%20muscles
|
Erector spinae muscles
|
The erector spinae ( ) or spinal erectors is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back.
Structure
The erector spinae is not just one muscle, but a group of muscles and tendons which run more or less the length of the spine on the left and the right, from the sacrum, or sacral region, and hips to the base of the skull. They are also known as the sacrospinalis group of muscles. These muscles lie on either side of the spinous processes of the vertebrae and extend throughout the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical regions. The erector spinae is covered in the lumbar and thoracic regions by the thoracolumbar fascia, and in the cervical region by the nuchal ligament.
This large muscular and tendinous mass varies in size and structure at different parts of the vertebral column. In the sacral region, it is narrow and pointed, and at its origin chiefly tendinous in structure. In the lumbar region, it is larger, and forms a thick fleshy mass. Further up, it is subdivided into three columns. They gradually diminish in size as they ascend to be inserted into the vertebrae and ribs.
The erector spinae is attached to the medial crest of the sacrum (a slightly raised feature of the sacrum closer towards the midline of the body as opposed to the "lateral" crest which is further away from the midline of the body), to the spinous processes of the lumbar, and the eleventh and twelfth thoracic vertebrae and the supraspinous ligament, to the back part of the inner lip of the iliac crests (the top border of the hips), and to the lateral crests of the sacrum, where it blends with the sacrotuberous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments.
Some of its fibers are continuous with the fibers of origin of the gluteus maximus.
The muscular fibers form a large fleshy mass that splits, in the upper lumbar region, into three columns, viz., a lateral (iliocostalis), an intermediate (longissimus), and a medial (spinalis). Each of these consists of three parts, inferior to superior, as follows:
Iliocostalis
The iliocostalis originates from the sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, and iliac crest. The iliocostalis has three different insertions according to the parts:
iliocostalis lumborum has the lumbar part (where its insertion is in the 12th to 7th ribs).
iliocostalis thoracis where its insertion runs from the last 6 ribs to the first 6 ribs.
iliocostalis cervicis which runs from the first 6 ribs to the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of C6-C4.
Longissimus
The longissimus muscle is the intermediate and the largest of the three columns. It has three parts with different origin and insertion:
longissimus thoracis originates from the sacrum, spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae, and transverse process of the last thoracic vertebra and inserts in the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, erector spinae aponeurosis, ribs, and costal processes of the thoracic vertebrae.
longissimus cervicis originates from the transverse processes of T6-T1 and inserts in the transverse processes of C7-C2.
longissimus capitis originates from the transverse processes of T3-T1, runs through C7-C3, and inserts in the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
Spinalis
The spinalis muscle is the smallest and most medial column. It has three parts:
spinalis thoracis which originates from the spinous process of L3-T10 and inserts in the spinous process of T8-T2.
spinalis cervicis originates from the spinous process of T2-C6 and inserts in the spinous process of C4-C2.
spinalis capitis is an inconstant muscle fiber that runs from the cervical and upper thoracic and then inserts in the external occipital protuberance.
From lateral to medial, the erector spinae muscles can be remembered using the mnemonic, I Love Spine. I lliocostalis, Love Longissimus and Spine Spinalis.
Training
Examples of exercises by which the erector spinae can be strengthened for therapeutic or athletic purposes include, but are not limited to:
Bent-over row
Deadlift
Hyperextension
Good-morning
Pull-up (exercise)
Rowing
Squat
Utkatasana
Bridge (exercise)
Plank (exercise)
Additional images
References
External links
Video: Erector Spinae Muscle Group (back muscles)
- "Intermediate layer of the extrinsic muscles of the back, deep muscles."
ithaca.edu
Muscles of the torso
Spine extensors
Medical mnemonics
|
5377671
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicarbazide
|
Semicarbazide
|
Semicarbazide is the chemical compound with the formula OC(NH2)(N2H3). It is a water-soluble white solid. It is a derivative of urea.
Synthesis
The compound prepared by treating urea with hydrazine:
OC(NH2)2 + N2H4 → OC(NH2)(N2H3) + NH3
A further reaction can occur to give carbohydrazide:
OC(NH2)(N2H3) + N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + NH3
Derivatives
Semicarbazide is frequently reacted with aldehydes and ketones to produce semicarbazones via a condensation reaction. This is an example of imine formation resulting from the reaction of a primary amine with a carbonyl group. The reaction is useful because semicarbazones, like oximes and 2,4-DNPs, typically have high melting points and crystallize, facilitating purification or identification of reaction products.
Properties
Semicarbazide products (semicarbazones and thiosemicarbazones) are known to have an activity of antiviral, antiinfective and antineoplastic through binding to copper or iron in cells.
Uses, occurrence, detection
Semicarbazide is used in preparing pharmaceuticals including nitrofuran antibacterials (furazolidone, nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin) and related compounds. It is also a product of degradations of the blowing agent azodicarbonamide (ADC). Semicarbazide forms in heat-treated flour containing ADC as well as breads made from ADC-treated flour.
Semicarbazide is used as a detection reagent in thin layer chromatography (TLC). Semicarbazide stains α-keto acids on the TLC plate, which can then be viewed under ultraviolet light.
See also
Biurea - the conceptual dimer
Carbazide - structurally related with the general formula (R2NNH)2C(O)
Semicarbazide-cadmium therapy
thiosemicarbazide
References
External links
Compounds Containing a N-CO-N-N or More Complex Group
Functional groups
Photographic chemicals
Glutamate decarboxylase inhibitors
|
3987216
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ono%20Island%2C%20Alabama
|
Ono Island, Alabama
|
Ono Island is a long barrier island in southern Baldwin County, Alabama, at the mouth of Perdido Bay on the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered by Bayou St. John to the north and Old River to the south. Surrounding communities include Perdido Key, Florida to the south and east and Orange Beach, Alabama to the west.
The island is home to a single community which is not within the corporate limits of any municipality. It is both private and gated. Although not within any municipality the island is subject to governance by the Baldwin County Commission. Emergency services are provided by nearby communities. The island is accessed via a private, guarded, bridge from State Route 182.
History
Ono Island was along the boundary of the treaties between France and Spain. In 1813, after protests and attempts at rebellion, President James Monroe seized Spanish lands west of the Perdido River and declared them a part of the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. This set the east end of the Island, Perdido Key, at the mouth of the Perdido River, as the boundary between the United States and Spain. That same boundary would later mark the boundary between Alabama and Florida. Ono Island has previously been known as "Goat Island" or "George Kee's Island". George Kee, a caretaker for land belonging to Fred Scott. Scott was an early developer in the Perdido Key area and acquired Ono Island (alongside Innerarity point and other land) via Spanish land grants in the 1820s. Scott brought in goats and allowed them to roam free until there were an estimated 2,000 goats on the island, plus the wild hogs that Kee allowed anyone to shoot for food. At that time, the island was uninhabited except a small house Kee occupied that he built himself. A hurricane in 1916 changed the topography of the island by closing the Key and creating a new opening on the western end of the island. When Florida attempted to claim the land between the old pass and the new, Alabama legislators replied "Oh no you don't." That gave rise to the name, Ono Island.
Present day
Development began in the 1970s; now there are more than 1100 homes on the island. The community has its own water tower, fire station, and private harbor, two recreation centers, a guard house at the entrance, and an administrative center known as Ono House. The island has several canals used for water traffic. The main road is known as Ono Boulevard. Home prices are among the highest in the county, sometimes topping $2 million for a four-acre lot and $6 million for a lot and home.
The community depends upon nearby Orange Beach, Alabama for fire and police services, paying $245,000 annually for the service which protects over 1,000 residents.
Notable residents of Ono Island have included former Healthsouth CEO Richard Scrushy and former NFL player Kenny Stabler. Comedian and inspirational speaker Andy Andrews also lives on the island. There are a number of other prominent homeowners including NFL GM's, authors, musicians, well known coaches, and business leaders who have bought on the Island for privacy. The other residents of the Island are cognizant of that and do not share who lives on the Island.
Climate
Ono Island is a barrier island and subject to unabated hurricane-force winds. On July 19, 1997 the area was hit by Hurricane Danny. Rain estimates exceeded 35 inches at Dauphin Island just a few miles away. On September 16, 2004 the community suffered extensive damage when Hurricane Ivan came ashore just a few miles west. The Category 3 storm packed winds of 120 mph. The island's nearest weather reporting station is Gulf Shores, Alabama, which provides climate data. Ono Island was also impacted by Hurricane Sally in 2020 causing extensive damage.
References
Landforms of Baldwin County, Alabama
Barrier islands of Alabama
Populated coastal places in Alabama
|
3987219
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Woods%20%28Australian%20footballer%29
|
Tony Woods (Australian footballer)
|
Tony Woods (born 2 July 1969) is a former Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League who commenced his career with Fitzroy in 1988. In 1992 he moved to Collingwood, playing 18 games before moving to Hawthorn in 1995. He finally became a valuable player in the 1996 season where he was a fine tagger, although in 1997 he was involved in more attacking roles in the midfield.
In the 1998 season his media profile also soared with regular appearances and production work on The Footy Show on the Nine Network. He also reverted to a tagging role where he had further success culminating in second place in the 1999 Club Champion.
In the 2001 season he struggled but as many Hawks did, he lifted during the 2001 Finals Series and agreed to play one final year of AFL. However, 2002 was ruined by injury and Woods retired from AFL midway through the season.
Woods went on to work with the Gold Coast Football Club as it prepared to enter the AFL, before being appointed the AFL's first full-time International Development Manager.
References
External links
Hawk Headquarters Profile
Fitzroy Football Club players
1969 births
Living people
Collingwood Football Club players
Hawthorn Football Club players
Old Paradians Amateur Football Club players
Australian television presenters
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
|
5377675
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronorgtechnica
|
Elektronorgtechnica
|
Elektronorgtechnica (also spelled Electronorgtechnica, ), better known abbreviated as ELORG (Элорг), was a state-owned organization with a monopoly on the import and export of computer hardware and software in the Soviet Union. It was controlled by the Ministry of Foreign Trade of the USSR from 1971 to 1989.
The company was associated with the export of Soviet design calculators, Electronika being one brand that was exported, rebranding them as ELORG products. Elorg also marketed the Agat computer, and imported IBM computers into the Soviet Union, starting with the IBM System/360 Model 50 in 1971.
In 1991, as the Soviet Union was being dissolved, Elorg was turned into a private business by its director, Nikolai Belikov. Elorg was sold to The Tetris Company in January 2005 for $15 million. Robert Maxwell pressured Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev to cancel the contract between Elorg and Nintendo concerning the rights to the game Tetris.
Tetris
ELORG was responsible for the licensing of the popular video game Tetris. Tetris was written by salaried programmers at the Soviet Academy of Sciences, which was not allowed to carry out commercial activities directly. As the game was owned by the state, all rights to the game worldwide were handled by ELORG. In 1996 ELORG was reportedly a privatised Russian company which has retained the rights to the Tetris trademark.
ELORG was a partner in The Tetris Company which licenses the Tetris name to game companies, along with Tetris creator Alexey Pajitnov and businessman Henk Rogers. Elorg was a 50 percent owner in the company until Rogers and Pajitnov bought ELORG's remaining rights around 2005.
References
Service companies of the Soviet Union
Computing in the Soviet Union
Computer companies of Russia
Companies based in Moscow
Defunct companies of Russia
Electronics companies disestablished in 2005
Electronics companies established in 1971
Ministry of Foreign Trade (Soviet Union)
1971 establishments in the Soviet Union
2005 disestablishments in Russia
|
5377676
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanderford%20Glacier
|
Vanderford Glacier
|
Vanderford Glacier () is a glacier about 8 km (5 mi) wide flowing northwest into the southeast side of Vincennes Bay, slightly south of the Windmill Islands. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Benjamin Vanderford, pilot of the sloop of war Vincennes of the United States Exploring Expedition under Captain Wilkes, 1838–42. The glacier was mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47.
See also
List of glaciers in the Antarctic
Glaciology
Vanderford Valley
References
Glaciers of Wilkes Land
|
5377677
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edvard%20Lasota
|
Edvard Lasota
|
Edvard Lasota (born 7 March 1971) is a former Czech football player who played mostly as a midfielder. Spending most of his career in the Czech leagues he had short spells in Italy with AC Reggiana and Salernitana. He also played for the Czech Republic, having 15 caps and 2 goals.
Career statistics
International goals
Scores and results list. Czech Republic's goal tally first.
External links
1971 births
Living people
Czech footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Sportspeople from Třinec
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Czech First League players
Serie B players
Dukla Prague footballers
SK Sigma Olomouc players
SK Slavia Prague players
FC Fastav Zlín players
FC Zbrojovka Brno players
SFC Opava players
A.C. Reggiana 1919 players
U.S. Salernitana 1919 players
FK Drnovice players
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Association football midfielders
|
3987221
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lick%20granuloma
|
Lick granuloma
|
A lick granuloma, also known as acral lick dermatitis, is a skin disorder found most commonly in dogs, but also in cats. In dogs, it results typically from the dog's urge to lick the lower portion of one of their legs.
The lesion can initially be red, swollen, irritated, and bleeding, similar to a hot spot (wet eczema). The animal's incessant licking of the lesion eventually results in a thickened, firm, oval plaque, which is the granuloma.
A major cause of lick granuloma appears to be psychological, related to stress, anxiety, separation anxiety, boredom, or compulsiveness. Lick granulomas are especially seen in active dogs left alone for long periods of time.
One theory about the cause of lick granulomas is that excessive licking causes endorphin release, which reduces pain and makes the animal feel comfort temporarily.
Other triggers include itchy skin, painful conditions caused by trauma to the skin, arthritis, neuralgia, and peripheral neuropathy. A bacterial or fungal infection of the skin can also trigger itching, as can skin mites, allergies, a reaction to an environmental irritant or toxin, hyperthyroidism, and certain types of cancer.
Treatment of the primary cause, if known, is essential. In psychogenic cases, psychological factors should be identified and addressed, such as being left alone all day, being confined, and changes in the household.
Signs and symptoms
Lick granuloma is a form of self-trauma and skin disorder in which most commonly dogs, but also cats, continuously lick a small area of their body until it becomes raw and inflamed. The most common areas affected are the lower (distal) portions of their legs, such as the carpus (wrist), or sometimes another part of their body such as the base of their tail.
Seventy percent of the time it occurs on one of the dog's left legs.
The lesion can initially be red, shiny, swollen, hairless, irritated, and bleeding, similar to a hot spot (wet eczema). Eventually, a raised hard plaque forms.
Frequent formations of lick granulomas in the same area due to the constant licking will cause hardening, callous formation, hair loss (the hair may stop growing back), and hyperpigmentation to that area.
Lick granulomas sometimes become infected with bacteria, causing abscessed areas or fistulous tracts (furuncles).
Causes
Lick granulomas are caused by a variety of factors. One common cause of lick granulomas appears to be psychological, related to stress, anxiety, separation anxiety, boredom, or compulsiveness. Lick granulomas are especially seen in large active dogs left alone for long periods of time. It is often considered to be a form of canine obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Other causes include bacterial or fungal infections, ectoparasites, metabolic disease, neoplastic disease, trauma causing nerve damage, allergies, or joint disease. Hot spots may also lead to the formation of lick granulomas.
Arthritic and mobility problems in older dogs give them more time to lick and over-groom themselves.
The condition becomes a vicious cycle – erosion of the skin from licking leads to pain and itching, which leads to more licking.
Treatment
Of primary cause
Treatment of the primary cause, if known, is essential.
In psychogenic cases, dealing with psychological factors is most important. Factors should be identified such as being left alone all day, being confined, and changes in the household. Correction of these causes may include increased walks, avoiding confinement, and more interaction in the home. Some veterinarians have proposed that diet can affect compulsive behaviors in dogs.
Drugs may be used until behavior modification has had time to take effect. Antidepressants are most commonly used, including doxepin, amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and clomipramine. If the psychological factors are not corrected, the pet will usually relapse after the drugs are discontinued. Endorphin blockers such as naltrexone can be used to reduce addiction to licking, or endorphin substitutes such as hydrocodone may decrease the urge to lick.
The animal should be tested for allergies, and treated accordingly if positive (fatty acids, antihistamines, hypoallergic diet, etc.). It may also be necessary to check thyroid levels, as hypothyroidism seems to play a role in some cases, particularly in black Labrador retrievers; thyroid medication often will resolve the problem if it is due to hypothyroidism.
Of lesion
The lesion should also be treated.
Class 4 infrared laser treatments have been used with much success, although it may take several treatments to achieve the desired outcome.
Licking can be prevented by the use of Elizabethan collars, dog leggings, battery-enhanced wraps, bandages, anti-licking ointments (which are bad tasting), and anti-lick strips (which are either bad tasting or simply provide a barrier). It is important to catch lesions early and keep the animal from licking them to then reduce inflammation and development of a habit. Topical medications such as corticosteroids or DMSO may be effective if used early.
Small lesions may be injected with triamcinolone or methylprednisolone. Oral antibiotics are used to control infection. Surgery may be performed to remove whole lesions, but there is risk of continued self-mutilation to the area afterwards. Other potential treatments include cryosurgery, laser surgery, radiation therapy, and acupuncture. It is important to note that many dogs will lick at another leg, another area on the same leg, or someplace else, creating a new lick granuloma, if they are prevented from licking at the original one while it heals.
Success rate
Overall, lick granulomas are very difficult to treat, with control only being achieved in about 65 percent of cases. Some animals will continue to lick at the area despite the use of anti-lick ointments or sprays to deter them, for instance.
Commonly affected dog breeds
Many large breed dogs appear to be predisposed, as well as golden retrievers and other bird dogs. Most of the dogs with the condition are over five years of age.
Airedale Terrier
Boxer
Doberman
Golden Retriever
Great Dane
Irish Setter
Labrador Retriever
Weimaraner
References
External links
Dog diseases
Cutaneous conditions
Anxiety disorders
Self-harm
|
3987222
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palle%20R%C3%B8mer%20Fleischer
|
Palle Rømer Fleischer
|
Palle Rømer Fleischer (25 October 1781 – 4 April 1851) was a Norwegian Military Officer and Government Minister. He served as a representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly.
Palle Rømer Fleischer was born at Moss in Østfold, Norway. During 1792, he was enrolled as a cadet and student at The Free Mathematics School in Christiania (now Oslo) (Den frie matematiske skole i Christiania) . In 1796, he became a Second Lieutenant in the Norwegian Ranger Corps (Norske Jægerkorps) where he served until 1802 when he was promoted to Captain in the North Zealand Land Protection Regiment (Nordsjællandske landvernsregiment) in Denmark. He subsequently returned to Norway as a staff Captain in the Ranger Corps where he was named Company Commander in 1813. In 1814, he was appointed Major. From 1815 to 1817 he was Commander of Akershus Fortress. In 1817, he became Lieutenant Colonel. He was promoted to Adjutant General in 1823, Major General in 1825 and Lieutenant General in 1835. He was the Norwegian Minister of the Army in five periods between 1837 and 1848, and a member of the Council of State Division in Stockholm three times between 1839 and 1847.
He attended the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly at Eidsvoll during 1814 where he represented the Norske Jægerkorps along with Corporal Niels Fredriksen Dyhren where they both supported the independence party (Selvstendighetspartiet ).
References
External links
Representantene på Eidsvoll 1814 (Cappelen Damm AS)
Men of Eidsvoll (eidsvollsmenn)
Related Reading
Holme Jørn (2014) De kom fra alle kanter - Eidsvollsmennene og deres hus (Oslo: Cappelen Damm)
1781 births
1851 deaths
People from Moss, Norway
Government ministers of Norway
Fathers of the Constitution of Norway
Norwegian military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Norwegian Army generals
Defence ministers of Norway
|
5377683
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islip%20railway%20station
|
Islip railway station
|
Islip railway station serves the village of Islip, Oxfordshire, England. Islip is north-east of Oxford. Services run south to , away, and north-east to and London Marylebone. The station is currently managed by Chiltern Railways.
History
On 1 October 1850 the Buckinghamshire Railway opened Islip station as a double tracked two-platform station with a goods shed.
From 1 January 1968 British Railways withdrew passenger services from the Buckinghamshire Railway between Oxford and and closed all intermediate stations including Islip;
In 1987 Network SouthEast reintroduced passenger services on the Oxford to Bicester Line and on 13 May 1989 Islip was reopened as a single platform unstaffed halt.
The station closed to rail traffic on 15 February 2014 (the last trains having run late on 14 February) in order to allow upgrade of the line between Oxford and Bicester. Reopening was planned for May 2015, but was later delayed until 26 October 2015.
Services
From December 2008 the service on Mondays to Saturdays was improved with an evening service and a doubling of the service on Saturdays. There were 11 trains on Mondays to Thursdays, 12 on Fridays and 13 on Saturdays. From May 2009 further improvements saw extra trains during the daytime on Mondays to Fridays and a new all-year round Sunday service, with trains every 90 minutes.
On 22 May 2011 Chiltern Railways took over all passenger operations from this station from the previous operator First Great Western. This was in advance of the new London Marylebone to Oxford service which was due to start in 2013, but was later delayed to 26 October 2015.
The station will have a car park with 26 standard car spaces plus two for passengers with reduced mobility. It will also have parking for 10 pedal cycles.
References
External links
East West Rail Link support group
East West Rail consortium
Chiltern Railways Evergreen 3 project
Railway stations in Oxfordshire
Former London and North Western Railway stations
1850 establishments in England
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1850
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1968
1989 establishments in England
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1989
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 2014
Railway stations served by Chiltern Railways
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 2015
Reopened railway stations in Great Britain
East West Rail
|
3987223
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message%20loop%20in%20Microsoft%20Windows
|
Message loop in Microsoft Windows
|
The message loop is an obligatory section of code in every program that uses a graphical user interface under Microsoft Windows.
Windows programs that have a GUI are event-driven. Windows maintains an individual message queue for each thread that has created a window. Usually only the first thread creates windows. Windows places messages into that queue whenever mouse activity occurs on that thread's window, whenever keyboard activity occurs while that window has focus, and at other times. A process can also add messages to its own queue. To accept user input, and for other reasons, each thread with a window must continuously retrieve messages from its queue, and act on them. A programmer makes the process do that by writing a loop that calls GetMessage (which blocks for a message and retrieves it), and then calls DispatchMessage (which dispatches the message), and repeats indefinitely. This is the message loop. There usually is a message loop in the main program, which runs on the main thread, and additional message loop in each created modal dialog. Messages for every window of the process pass through its message queue, and are handled by its message loop. A message loop is one kind of event loop.
A basic message loop appears as follows:
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
MSG msg;
BOOL bRet;
while (1)
{
bRet = GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0);
if (bRet > 0) // (bRet > 0 indicates a message that must be processed.)
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else if (bRet < 0) // (bRet == -1 indicates an error.)
{
// Handle or log the error; possibly exit.
// ...
}
else // (bRet == 0 indicates "exit program".)
{
break;
}
}
return msg.wParam;
}
It is conventional for the event loop to call TranslateMessage on each message which can translate virtual keystrokes into strings. Calling TranslateMessage is not technically required, but problems can result if it is not called. The message loop must call DispatchMessage.
The message loop does not directly act on the messages that it handles. It dispatches them by calling DispatchMessage, which transfers the message to the "window procedure" for the window that the message was addressed to. (The "window procedure" is a callback procedure, which got associated with the window class when it was registered.) (More than one window can use the same window procedure.)
Code can also send messages directly to a window procedure. These are called nonqueued messages.
A strict message loop is not the only option. Code elsewhere in the program can also accept and dispatch messages. PeekMessage is a non-blocking call that returns immediately, with a message if any are waiting, or no message if none is waiting. WaitMessage allows a thread to sleep until a message is in the queue.
Modern graphical interface frameworks, such as Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation, MFC, Delphi, Qt, and others do not require applications to code a Windows message loop, because they automatically route events such as key presses and mouse clicks to their appropriate handlers as defined within the framework. However, each framework implements a message loop somewhere, and the message loop can usually be accessed or replaced when more direct control is required.
See also
Xlib for the event loop in the X Window System
External links
Meandering Through the Maze of MFC Message and Command Routing (MSJ, July 1995)
A Key's Odyssey: the path of a keystroke message through the VCL
Platform SDK: Messages and Message Queues
Platform SDK: Windows API: Entering the Message Loop
Using Messages and Message Queues (MSDN)
GetMessage function
PeekMessage function
Events (computing)
Microsoft application programming interfaces
|
3987229
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catharine%20Waugh%20McCulloch
|
Catharine Waugh McCulloch
|
Catharine Gouger Waugh McCulloch (June 4, 1862 – April 20, 1945) was an American lawyer, suffragist, and reformer. She actively lobbied for women's suffrage at the local, state, and national levels as a leader in the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association, Chicago Political Equality League, and National American Woman Suffrage Association. She was the first woman elected Justice of the Peace in Illinois.
Early life and education
Catharine Waugh was born in New York to Susan Gouger and Abraham Miller Waugh. She was of French and Irish ancestry. Raised in Illinois, she graduated from Rockford Female Seminary in 1882, where she wrote a thesis on women's wages and earned both a B.A. and M.A. degree. Waugh then attended Chicago's Union College of Law (now Northwestern Pritzker School of Law). After graduating and passing the bar in 1886, Waugh sought employment in Chicago but faced gender discrimination. She returned to Rockford, Illinois and started her own practice.
Marriage and family
In 1890, Catharine Waugh married her former law school classmate, Frank Hawthorn McCulloch. They moved to Chicago and merged practices to form the law firm of McCulloch and McCulloch. Catharine sought equality in her relationship as both a private and political arrangement. According to letters she sent to colleagues, she believed her marriage to McCulloch helped advance her career. She raised four children: Hugh Waugh, Hathorn Waugh, Catharine Waugh, and Frank Waugh.
Career
McCulloch was a member of the Equity Club, a correspondence network founded in 1887 to provide support, friendship, and advice among women lawyers across the country. In 1888, McCulloch unsuccessfully ran for state's attorney on the Prohibition party ticket.
McCulloch began serving as the legislative chair of the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association in 1890. After the Illinois Supreme Court upheld a law granting women the right to vote in school district elections in 1891, McCulloch worked on a bill that would ensure women's suffrage for local and presidential elections in the state of Illinois. McCulloch and her colleagues at the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association actively lobbied for the bill from 1893 to 1913, even organizing train and automobile tours to rally suffrage supporters across the state. McCulloch's public-oriented methods of mobilizing supporters through rallies and publications reflected the style of many clubwomen, settlement-house workers, and other Progressive Era activists who sought suffrage as a means to advance other reform efforts. Her approach contrasted with that of more conservative members of the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association like Grace Wilbur Trout, who preferred more quiet and diplomatic lobbying.
In 1894, McCulloch and fellow members of the Chicago Woman's Club founded the Chicago Political Equity League to campaign for municipal suffrage. In addition to her suffrage work, McCulloch advocated for maternalist reform measures. For example, she championed the passage of a law in 1901 that gave women equal guardianship with their husbands over their children. In 1905, she helped raise the age of consent for girls from 14 to 16 years.
McCulloch was elected Justice of the Peace in Evanston, Illinois in 1907 (and re-elected in 1909), making her the first woman elected to that office in Illinois. While a Justice of the Peace, she made national headlines by agreeing to conduct egalitarian marriage ceremonies in which she omitted the word "obey" from the ritualized words the woman was supposed to say; at that time, the man pledged to "love, honor and cherish" while the woman pledged to "love, honor and obey."
In 1917, she was appointed as a master in chancery of the Cook County Superior Court. She became known for her advocacy in working to eliminate or modify marriage and divorce laws that discriminated against women, and she worked to create uniformity of such laws in all states.
She was the legal adviser for the National American Woman Suffrage Association (which became the League of Women Voters in 1920 after passage of the 19th Amendment) and was its first vice president. She also served as the legal adviser for the National Women's Christian Temperance Union.
McCulloch died of cancer in 1945 at the age of 82. Catharine W. McCulloch Park in Evanston is named for her.
Publications
Bittenbender, Ada M. "Women in Law," in Farmer, Lydia Hoyt. The national exposition souvenir: what America owes to women Buffalo: C. W. Moulton, 1893. Pages 390–408.
Drysdale, William. "The Woman Lawyer," in Helps for ambitious girls New York: T. Y. Crowell & Co., c1900. Pages 180–208.
"Law," in Training for the professions and allied occupations: facilities available to women in the United States. New York: Bureau of Vocational Information, 1924. Pages 427–450.
McCulloch, Catharine Waugh. "Women as Law Clerks" manuscript. c1887. (12 pages).
Bureau of Vocational Information (New York). Records, 1908–1932: A Finding Aid
Mr. Lex, Or The Legal Status of Mother and Child. Chicago: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1899, 85 pp.
References
External links
Harvard University Library Open Collections Program. Women Working, 1870–1930, Catharine Gouger Waugh McCulloch (1862-1945). A full-text searchable online database with complete access to publications written by Catharine McCulloch.
Women's Legal History Biography Project, Robert Crown Library, Stanford Law School. McCulloch, Catharine Gouger Waugh. Biographical articles, collected papers and archival materials.
Papers, 1877-1983. Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
1862 births
1945 deaths
Illinois lawyers
American suffragists
Illinois state court judges
Rockford University alumni
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law alumni
American women judges
American temperance activists
19th-century American women lawyers
19th-century American lawyers
19th-century women lawyers
|
5377695
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October%202006%20Thai%20general%20election
|
October 2006 Thai general election
|
After Thailand's April 2006 elections were declared invalid by the Constitutional Court, it was decided that new elections would be held on 15 October 2006. Due to delays in the nomination of a new election committee the election were likely to be moved to November, but then cancelled indefinitely after the military's overthrow of the Thai government.
Background
The April elections were boycotted by the major opposition parties (the Democrat Party, the Mahachon Party, and Chart Thai Party). The results of the April elections, in which the ruling Thai Rak Thai Party won by a landslide, were disqualified by the Constitutional Court due to the placement of voting booths.
On 30 May, the Cabinet endorsed an Election Commission proposal to hold a new round of elections on 15 October 2006. The new election date allowed politicians 9 days time (by 8 June) to switch parties. The Thai constitution requires politicians to maintain their party membership for 90 days before being eligible to register as election candidates. The election date was affirmed by the signing of the royal decree by King Bhumibol Adulyadej on July 20, 2006.
Political Events Prior to the Election
Pressure for the Election Commission to resign
The Constitutional Court and Opposition parties pressured the Election Commission to resign due to the disqualification of the April election. However, Commission head Vasana Puemlarp and the two other remaining commissioners refused to resign. The Criminal Court later jailed the three Commissioners who refused to resign, forcing the appointment of a new set of Commissioners.
Defections and establishment of new parties
From Thai Rak Thai
Rumors were rampant prior to the election that many MPs from the ruling Thai Rak Thai would defect. Former TRT party-list MPs Likhit Dhiravegin and Sarit Santimethanedol left to establish the Phalang Phaendin party ("Strength of the Land"), claiming that 40 TRT Wang Nam Yen defectors would follow them. However, as of 5 June, no other MPs defected. Wang Nam Yom faction member Banyin Tangpakorn was quoted as saying that no more than 5 members wanted to defect.
Sanoh Thienthong, head of the TRT's powerful rebel Wang Nam Yen faction, had resigned from the TRT in February, along with his wife, Uraiwan (then Culture Minister). He later established the Pracharaj Party. Joining Sanoh in resigning from the TRT was party-list MP Winai Sompong. Sora-at Klinpratoom, another influential Wang Nam Yen member, resigned from the ICT Ministry, but did not resign from the TRT party. Outspoken businessman and founder of Thai Petrochemical Industry (TPI) Prachai Leophai-ratana also joined the Pracharaj Party as its secretary-general. Pramual Rujanasseri, Boonthueng Pholphanit and Chucheep Harnsawat were appointed as deputy party leaders.
Former Deputy Environment Minister Prapat Panyachatraksa (nicknamed "Kan Yao" for his heroism during the pro-democracy protests of 1973) had resigned from the TRT during the height of anti-Thaksin protests in March 2006.
As of May 2006, members of the Wang Bua Ban, Wang Phayanak, and Ban Rim Nam factions of the TRT party declared that they would not defect. Phayao MP Aruni Chamnanya was quoted as saying "I am not a politician who sells myself by party hopping."
From Mahachon
Tun Jintavej and Chatchawan Chompudaeng, members of the Mahachon Party, defected to the Chart Thai Party. Anek Laothammathat, the former Mahachon Party leader, joined the new Maharaj Party.
From Chart Thai
Former Chart Thai MP for Ratchaburi, Vijai Wattanaprasit, moved to the Pracharaj Party. Former Chat Thai MP for Chanthaburi Province Khomkhai Pollabutr moved to the Democrat Party.
From Democrat
Mahachon Party leader Sanan Kachornprasart claimed that former Democrat secretary-general Pradit Pattaraprasit had decided to join Mahachon and contest the election. However, Pradit, who had earlier resigned from the Democrat party, denied Sanan's claim.
Other
The New Aspiration Party, led by Chingchai Mongcoltam, planned to merge with Maharaj. Outgoing Senators Kraisak Choonhavan and Karun Sai-ngam also joined Maharaj. Outgoing Senator Pichet Pattanachot joined the Democrat Party and plans to contest Nakhon Ratchasima's Constituency 1.
The political affiliation of former Deputy Prime Minister and TRT co-founder Purachai Piumsombun was the target of much political rumor. Purachai had earlier retired from politics, but his popularity led many to believe that he would re-enter politics under a different party. As Deputy Prime Minister, Purachai had led a controversial "social order" campaign that made him highly popular among many Bangkokians.
The People's Alliance for Democracy, which had led many anti-Thaksin protests from 2005 to 2006, established a new party, the Mass Party. However, they vowed not to field candidates for election. "If we field MP candidates, we will be trapped in vicious circles of money politics," said Somkiat Pongpaibun, a PAD leader. Somkiat was joined by former Palang Dharma Party leader Chaiwat Sinsuwong and the Campaign for Popular Democracy's Pipop Thongchai.
Khon Kaen caretaker Senator Rabiebrat Pongpanit co-founded the Thai Women party.
Election platforms and campaigning
Democrat party
On 29 April, party leader Abhisit Vejjajiva promised an "agenda for people", with education as the main focus. He also vowed not to privatize basic utilities like electricity and water supply and also to nationalize those enterprises which had previously been privatized. However, he later backtracked and promised not to renationalize the oil and gas company PTT. He also promised that core Thai Rak Thai populist policies like the 30-baht universal healthcare scheme, the Village Fund and the SML scheme would not be cancelled but improved. He later promised that Thaksin's popular 30-baht universal healthcare scheme would be abolished immediately, and replaced with a system where access to medical services would be totally free. He also said that all future Democrat MPs will have to declare their assets and possible involvement in any private companies (under Thai law, only those who take a government position have to declare their assets). In addition, MPs, Government ministers, and their families would also be required to disclose benefits they received from business connections. He also proposed a 10 million THB limit to the amount that any individual could contribute to a political party in one year. He also proposed to reduce the number of votes necessary to force a vote of no confidence to just one-tenth of the House.
Abhisit also promised many populist policies, including:
Providing quality universal healthcare for no cost. The Thaksin-originated universal healthcare scheme provides coverage for 30 Baht (approx. US$0.9 ) per visit.
Providing free education, textbooks, milk and supplemental foods for kindergartens
Increasing the minimum wage
On the Democrat Party's 60th Anniversary dinner, Abhisit raised over THB 200 Million in funds from attendants. He outlined several energy policies including:
Increasing dividend payments from PTT and using the funds to repay Oil Fund debts
Allowing EGAT to bear the burden of rising fuel prices, since a non SET-listed EGAT would have no minimum return on investment.
On 13 July 2006, facing escalating violence in the South, Abhisit promised to solve the insurgency by making the problems in the deep South a public agenda.
In late July 2006, party leader Abhisit Vejjajiva appeared on two television advertisements. The first tried to portray Abhisit as a family man, while the second suggested that people cope with the high cost of living by cutting down on energy consumption. Two additional advertisements were scheduled to air in August, the third focusing on free education, and the fourth on free health care. Prime Minister Thaksin commended the spots, and Abhisit claimed spots were well received. However, pollsters at ABAC Poll and the BU Poll Centre doubted that the spots would impress grassroots voters.
Thai Rak Thai party
The Thai Rak Thai party promised to expand Bangkok's mass transit network with ten new electric train routes covering 300 km. The new network would have a flat cost of just 15 THB per ride. The TRT also proposed building home units along the new lines. The new rail networks would be built through direct government investment, rather than through private concessions.
Predictive measures
Polls
A nationwide poll conducted in mid-July found that 49% of respondents would vote for Thai Rak Thai, while 42.5% preferred one of the oppisiton parties. 84.3% of those surveyed said they would vote in the poll; of those, 29.2% said they would not vote for any political party, marking instead the "no vote" box, indicating abstention.
A Bangkok poll in conducted mid-August found that 38% of respondents would vote for Thai Rak Thai, with 24% voting for the Democrats, 10% voting for Chart Thai, and 6% for other parties.
Other elections
In the 30 July Bangkok Metropolitan Administration council elections, the Democrats won 35 out of 57 seats in the Bangkok city council, with 18 seats going to TRT. The Democrats also swept 176 out of 255 district council seats in the Bangkok district council elections held on the same day, while Thai Rak Thai won 71 seats and independent candidates won eight seats.
2006 Thai coup d'état
On 19 September 2006, less than a month before the scheduled elections, members of the Royal Thai Army staged a coup d'état against the government of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. It is the country's first coup in 15 years, though the practice used to be commonplace, with 17 having occurred between 1932 and 1991.
Junta leader General Sonthi Boonyaratglin announced the abrogation of the constitution, declared martial law, and dissolved Cabinet, Parliament, and the Constitutional Court. He promised that a civilian Prime Minister would be appointed within two weeks, but that a new constitution would be drafted before holding new elections a year in the future.
References
2006 in Thailand
2006 elections in Asia
Elections in Thailand
Cancelled elections
|
3987232
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23rd%20Street%20station%20%28PATH%29
|
23rd Street station (PATH)
|
23rd Street is a station on the PATH system. Located at the intersection of 23rd Street and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, it is served by the Hoboken–33rd Street and Journal Square–33rd Street lines on weekdays, and by the Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken) line on weekends.
Station layout
The station opened on June 15, 1908. Before the line was extended to 23rd Street, the northern terminus of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad was a station located at 19th Street (now closed).
This PATH station has side platforms, but passengers must descend one level, walk through an underpass, and go up another stairwell, leading to the New York City Subway mezzanine. The PATH fare control is located in the underpass, which is underneath the tracks of the IND Sixth Avenue Line.
There is a connection to the IND at their platforms, served by the , which are located on either side of the PATH station. The express tracks, used by the , are located below the PATH tracks on a lower level. The express tracks were constructed in the mid-1960s using the "deep-bore" tunneling method and both are not visible from the station. On the express tracks on the lower level, the deep-bore tunnel's round shape becomes square below this station and at 14th Street stations, where provisions for lower level platforms were built.
Exits
The northbound platform can be accessed from the exits on the east side of 23rd Street and Sixth Avenue, while the southbound platform can be accessed from the exits on the west side. There are two exits to each corner of that intersection, which serve both the subway and PATH platforms in each direction. The PATH station has direct entrances only from the IND station on either side, which are accessed only by going below the subway platform in the respective direction and then ascending onto the PATH platform. The 33rd Street-bound PATH is accessed from the northbound subway platform, while the New Jersey-bound PATH is accessed from the southbound subway platform. The southern entrances on each side appear to be part of the original 1911 PATH entrances.
The station is near the Flatiron Building, Madison Square Park, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, and New York Life Insurance Building.
References
External links
PATH - 23rd Street Station
23rd Street entrance from Google Maps Street View
Platform from Google Maps Street View
PATH stations in Manhattan
Sixth Avenue
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1908
Chelsea, Manhattan
1908 establishments in New York City
23rd Street (Manhattan)
Railway stations located underground in New York (state)
|
5377696
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stafford%E2%80%93Manchester%20line
|
Stafford–Manchester line
|
The Stafford–Manchester line is a major railway line branching from the West Coast Main Line serving Stafford, Stone, Stoke-on-Trent, Kidsgrove, Congleton, Macclesfield, Cheadle Hulme, Stockport and Manchester.
Train services
Avanti West Coast
Avanti West Coast operate inter-city services between London Euston and Manchester Piccadilly, via the Colwich spur. Some services between London Euston and Manchester Piccadilly travel along the Stone to Colwich line, thereby by-passing Stafford.
CrossCountry
CrossCountry services operate between Birmingham New Street / The South and Manchester Piccadilly. Between Cheadle Hulme (where it joins the Crewe–Manchester line) and Manchester, the line forms part of Network Rail Route 20.
London Northwestern Railway
Local services between Stafford and Stoke-on-Trent, calling at Stone, are operated by West Midlands Trains; they are branded London Northwestern Railway, as part of the London-Crewe service which started in December 2008. Between 2004 and 2008, there was no stopping service on the route, with a replacement bus service taking its place. However Wedgwood and Barlaston stations are still without a train service, although they were never officially closed and are still served by rail-replacement bus services. Norton Bridge also lost its services at the same time but was formally closed in December 2017, after 13 years without a rail service.
Northern
Frequent local services between Stoke-on-Trent and Manchester are operated by Northern.
East Midlands Railway
The Derby to Crewe Line, operated by East Midlands Railway, shares the Stafford to Manchester Line between Stoke-on-Trent and Kidsgrove.
History
The line was completed in 1848. It incorporated the main line of the North Staffordshire Railway, from the junction with the London and North Western Railway at Norton Bridge, via its principal station at Stoke-on-Trent, to Macclesfield, where it made a running junction, again with the London and North Western Railway. The LNWR had its own station at Macclesfield Hibel Road, which was closed by British Rail in 1960.
The North Staffordshire Railway became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923.
Electrification
The line was electrified at 25 kV AC, using overhead wires under the BR 1955 Modernisation Plan.
References
Rail transport in Cheshire
Rail transport in Greater Manchester
Rail transport in Staffordshire
Rail transport in Stoke-on-Trent
Railway lines opened in 1848
Railway lines in the West Midlands (region)
Railway lines in North West England
|
3987235
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foja%20Mountains
|
Foja Mountains
|
The Foja Mountains (Foja Range, Foya Mountains) () are located just north of the Mamberamo river basin in Papua, Indonesia. The mountains rise to , and have 3,000 square kilometers of old growth tropical rainforest in the interior part of the range. The Foja forest tract covers 9,712 square kilometers and is the largest tropical forest without roads in the Asia Pacific region.
The Foja Range languages are spoken within the mountain range and nearby areas.
Geography
The Foja Mountains are cooler than the lowlands below because of their elevation, but January and July temperatures still average . The rainy season is from December to March, but the area can receive rain throughout the year. In a typical year, the range receives more than of precipitation. Relative humidity ranges from 73 to 87%. The nearest villages include Sragafareh, Jomen, Beggensabah, Aer Mati, and Dabra.
History
The mountains have no record of visitors prior to 1979 (Stattersfield et al. 1998). Much of the area around the Foja Mountains and nearby Van Rees Mountains are too steep for conventional logging, and are considered unsafe due to their inaccessibility. Some atlases show only the Gauttier Mountains in the area, but the Foja Mountains lie at the eastern edge of that range at about 139° east longitude.
Ecology
The portion of the mountains above 1000 meters elevation is in the Northern New Guinea montane rain forests ecoregion. The montane forests are dominated by Araucaria cunninghamii, Podocarpus neriifolius, Agathis labillardieri, Calophyllum, and Palaquium at the 1,200 meter level.
The mountains are within the Mamberamo-Foja Wildlife Reserve.
Ecological discovery
2005
In December 2005, scientists from the United States, Indonesia, and Australia spent a month in the Foja Range documenting flora and fauna from the lower hills to near the summit of the range. The expedition team was co-led by Bruce Beehler and Stephen Richards and included scientists from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cenderawasih University, the Smithsonian Institution, Conservation International and other institutions. In February 2006, the expedition team released details of new species including:
One bird, a honeyeater with scarlet wattles, officially described in 2007 as the wattled smoky honeyeater (Melipotes carolae).
20 frogs
Four butterflies
Five palms
A rhododendron with a white, scented flower across the NeverPeack Mountains
The scientists documented:
The first photographs of Berlepsch's six-wired bird of paradise and the golden-fronted bowerbird, both of which were only known from a minute number of trade skins previously.
A golden-mantled tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus pulcherrimus), believed to be near-extinct.
Western long-beaked echidnas that allowed scientists to pick them up, evidence that the area has had no human presence
The human population of the Foja Range is 300, living in the 7,500 square kilometers of low-lying forest. The 3,000 square kilometers of mountainous jungle appear to have been untouched by humans until the 2006 scientific expedition. There are no roads in the mountains, so scientists had to travel by helicopter, landing on a boggy lakebed. Six permits were needed before the 11-member team could legally enter.
2007
In December 2007, a second scientific expedition was taken to the mountain range. The expedition led to the discovery of two new species: the first being a 1.4 kg giant rat (Mallomys sp.) approximately five times the size of a regular brown rat, the second a pygmy possum (Cercartetus sp.) described by scientists as "one of the world's smallest marsupials."
2008
An expedition late in 2008, backed by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, National Geographic Society and Smithsonian Institution, was made in order to assess the area's biodiversity. New types of animals recorded include a frog with a long erectile nose, a large woolly rat, an imperial-pigeon with rust, grey and white plumage, a 25 cm gecko with claws rather than pads on its toes, and a small, 30 cm high, black forest wallaby (a member of the genus Dorcopsis).
References
External links
"New species found in Papua 'Eden'", BBC News
"In pictures: Papua's 'lost world'", BBC News
"A "Lost World" Photo Gallery", CBC News (requires Flash)
"Lost World Found in Indonesia Is Trove of New Species", National Geographic News
Mountain ranges of Indonesia
Landforms of Western New Guinea
Landforms of Papua (province)
|
3987253
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deirdre%20Griswold
|
Deirdre Griswold
|
Deirdre Griswold is an American communist political activist. She is the editor of Workers World, the newspaper of the Workers World Party, and former candidate for President of the United States. Griswold ran in 1980 as the nominee of the Workers World Party. Her running mate was Gavrielle Holmes.
She is the daughter of Vincent Copeland (deceased in 1993, at 77), one of the founders of the party. Her mother, Elizabeth Ross Copeland, and paternal aunt, Cynthia Cochran, were also communists. She was married to Andy Stapp.
She has edited communist publication Workers World for several decades.
Griswold stood in for third-party presidential candidate John Parker in the October 15, 2004 third-party candidate debates.
On February 12, 2018, Griswold appeared on Tucker Carlson Tonight, where she defended the government of North Korea.
Bibliography
China; the struggle within from the pages of Workers World (1972) (with Sam Marcy and Naomi Cohen)
The Ethiopian Revolution and the Struggle Against U.S. Imperialism (1978)
Eyewitness Ethiopia: The continuing revolution (1979)
Indonesia: The Bloodbath that Was (1975)
Indonesia: The Second Greatest Crime of the Century (1978)
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Female candidates for President of the United States
Candidates in the 1980 United States presidential election
20th-century American politicians
Workers World Party presidential nominees
20th-century American women politicians
Editors of New York City newspapers
Writers from New York City
Women newspaper editors
21st-century American women
|
5377717
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s%20Liberal%20Federation
|
Women's Liberal Federation
|
The Women's Liberal Federation was an organisation that was part of the Liberal Party in the United Kingdom.
History
The Women's Liberal Federation (WLF) was formed on the initiative of Sophia Fry, who in 1886 called a meeting at her house of fifteen local Women's Liberal Associations. The establishment of a national organisation was agreed, and this occurred in 1887, when members of forty associations met in London. It was reported that the federation membership was about 6,000, but this grew rapidly, reaching 75,000 in 1892. By 1904 there were 494 affiliated associations and a membership of approximately 67,600. By 1907 there were 613 affiliated association, and a membership of 83,000.
Although the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) was initiated by Lady Sophia Fry Pease in 1886, the federation was under the presidency of the daughter of Gladstone, Catherine. Around the turn of the century, the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) had approximately 500 branches that were local and approximately 60,000 active members. Active members of the Women’s Liberal Federation were in some ways related to Liberal Members of Parliament or Liberal MP’s. This gave these women an advantage since they knew how to work their way around politics.
One of the active members who was in relations with a Liberal MP was Violet Bonham Carter. Violet was known to be a British politician as well as a diarist. Violet Bonham Carter was also Asquith’s daughter. Asquith, who is formally known as Herbert Henry Asquith was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the years of 1908 to 1916. Another active member of the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) was Megan George, the daughter of Lloyd George. Megan George was said to be part of the 50 greatest Welsh women and men of all time. Megan was a Welsh politician who became the first female Parliament Member or MP (Member of Parliament) for the Welsh Constituency which is an electoral district. Additionally she was also a leader to a Liberal Political Party to which then she became a Labour Member of Parliament or Labour MP. Megan George was in relations to Liberal MP, LLoyd George, who was also the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from after Herbert Henry Asquith. George Lloyd was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922 and he was the last Liberal Member of Parliament to take the place of the minister.
Apart from being members of the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF), women also participated in outside organizations or societies. Lady Carlisle for instance supported a campaign that fought for the rights for women to vote. Various members of the Women’s Liberal Federation were a part of the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies. However many members became dissatisfied with the Women’s Suffrage Society because they apparently opposed the rights for women to vote. In fact. Lady Carlisle was the one who first brought up the topic of dissatisfaction.
General politics
The Women’s Liberal Federation was a subset of the Liberal political party in the United Kingdom. Members of the Women’s Liberal Federation had predominately progressive political views. The party collectively shared the same contemporary attitudes towards women in their society that the other women’s suffrage movements and the Liberal party itself upheld.
They sought out to combat the prejudiced and outdated Victorian views still present at the time. It was still commonly believed that men and women took on different societal and personal roles, with men being active and productive members of society, while women were expected to become mothers and homemakers. While men were to be working in business or in political spheres, women were to be subservient to their husbands. It was believed that women were too emotional, irrational, and indecisive to uphold positions in government roles, and instead should focus on the family rather than a career. It was also often believed that women were inherently opposed to politics, so a woman’s political views were to be represented by the man of the household’s vote. The society of the time also strongly believed that the group of women campaigning for women’s suffrage was an incredibly small minority. In turn, the Women’s Liberal Federation actively worked to overcome these ideas and values upheld in the society.
These values also posed another issue for the women’s suffrage movement and the Liberal government in the United Kingdom. From 1832 to 1884, the voting system in the United Kingdom was not very inclusive for women or for men. Before 1832, only around 8% of men had the right to vote, and after 1884, only around 60% of men had the right to vote. After 1884 and before 1918, the right to vote was based on a number of factors, ranging from someone’s property value to their overall wealth. Not only did the suffragette movement seek to gain the right to vote themselves, but the Women’s Liberal Federation also eventually began to attempt to rectify this voting system for all people, on the basis of men and women alike.
The Liberal government also worked alongside other women’s suffrage groups to petition Parliament and create more inclusive bills and laws. These petitions for new laws and bills, however, were not the most well-received, as the governments of the time did not usually vote in favor of women’s rights.
The Women’s Liberal Federation also strongly believed in improving women’s democratic rights in society. Throughout a 40 year period, numerous changes were made in the law that enacted more democratic rights for women. The United Kingdom suffrage movement, including the WLF, worked to make strides in ensuring these rights. Prior to the formation of the Women’s Liberal Federation, the suffrage movement in the United Kingdom helped to form the 1869 Municipal Franchise Act, the 1870 Education Act, the 1875 Public Health Act, and the 1882 Married Women’s Property Act. After the creation of the WLF, the political party also helped to create the 1888 County Council Act and the 1907 Qualification of Women Act.
Other than working towards equality in the voting system and in the government, the Liberal government and the women’s suffrage movement groups, including the Women’s Liberal Federation, also focused on attempting to rectify some of the social issues present at the time. As a whole, the government and these groups were in favor of raising taxes for the general public as a way to fund workers’ sickness and unemployment benefits. However, when they faced backlash and opposition to this potential bill, these suffragette campaigns aimed to work even harder and even stronger in order to gain success.
After 1916, the Liberal government began to work on political reformation after the war. Because of the war, many elements within the society had changed. Not only were men affected by these societal changes, but it quickly became apparent that women provided a large contribution to war efforts, including raising the women’s employment rate over 10%, primarily in work forces otherwise dominated by men. The suffragette movement groups used this knowledge to remind the society that the war could not have been carried out without the help of these women. This information influenced the production of the Representation of the People Act of 1918, which would grant nearly all men and women the right to vote under certain circumstances. Though this act was denied at first, 10 years later, in 1928, women finally gained the right to vote on the same basis as men.
Regardless, the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) did succeed in one very important thing. The Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) were persistent in actually obtaining a bill to pass that gave women the right to vote. This bill was passed in June in the year 1914. Not only that, but the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) also obtained the Cambridge Resolution to pass which stated clearly that they as a whole would withdraw support from candidates who in any way did not support the adoption of the women’s suffrage.
Throughout their journey, the Women’s Liberal Federation (WLF) had many roller coasters with increased and decreased in members leaving and joining the organization.
Until 1892, the group was divided between supporters of women's suffrage and those who stated that they were neutral on the matter. That year, William Gladstone wrote a letter opposing votes for women, and the group held a three day debate to establish a firm position. At the close of the debate, delegates votes to support suffrage; this led between 50 and 60 branches which did not support the policy to leave, consisting of 7,000 to 10,000 members. They formed the rival Women's National Liberal Association.
The Women’s Liberal Federation took initiative in addressing many of the liberally-leaning issues that the main branch of the Liberal Party neglected. The Women’s Liberal Federation focused mainly on issues that more heavily impacted women and other non-voting populations. The goal of the Women’s Liberal Federation was to put pressure on the main branch of the Liberal Party to support women’s issues and give their support only to members of the party that were willing to support their agendas. The federation addressed many issues of the time, supporting the Women’s Suffrage Movement, petitioning in favor of the Midwives Bill, backing the Infant Life Protection Bill, helping to establish the Anti-Vivisection Movement, and starting Anti-War initiatives against engagement in the Second Boer War.
During this era, the use of midwives in the birthing process was common, and a more accessible option for poor and rural individuals. However, the practice of being a midwife was not regulated by the British government. The Midwives Bill, published in 1891, proposed that anyone operating as a midwife needed to be recognised by the state and be licensed in the practice of midwifery, citing that “In other countries midwives were, as a rule, under state control, but here any woman might, call herself and practice as a midwife.” The bill proposed that, in the interest of public safety, midwives and monthly nurses should be registered, formally assessed, and licensed by the state. The bill states that the midwives were often employed by lower-class families and that their role in poorer communities meant that, because they serviced higher-risk populations in the place of a medical man, there needed to be greater oversight in who was practicing midwifery. Likewise, the bill cited that, because midwives had more than one patient (mother and child), that they had a greater responsibility to their patients, and as such, needed more regulation for the benefit of the community at large.
Among their many publications, one included the Protection of Child Life, published in October 1890. The publication, distributed by the Executive Committee of the Women’s Liberal Federation, and prepared by Mrs. Broadly Reid, argues in favor of the enactment of The Infant Life Protection Bill and the Children’s Life Insurance Bill. These bills were favored by the Women’s Liberal Federation because it was believed that they would assist in combating child cruelty, neglect, and infanticide. The publication states that “a large number of cases of cruelty to children have been brought before judges, magistrates, and coroners in all parts of the country”. The goal of the act was to prevent the neglect, abuse, and exploitation of children by advocating for the registration and inspection of baby farms as well as limit the acquisition of illegitimate children in hopes of preventing insurance fraud which was often perpetuated in these circumstances.
The Women’s Liberal Federation played a part in the Anti-Vivisection Movement. Many members of the Women’s Liberal Federation argued for Anti-Vivisection legislation, petitioning against cruelty towards animals and the use of animals in the fields of medicine and science. The National Anti-Vivisection Society was founded in 1875 and fought to limit the use of animals in scientific settings. “They believed with unfaltering faith that to torture animals was unjustifiable and immoral, and that the profession of the most lofty motives did not justify the committal of acts which were in themselves immoral.”
From early on, the Women’s Liberal Federation opposed the nation’s engagement in the Second Boer War. From 1899 to 1902, groups such as the Women’s Liberal Federation maintained pacifist ideals, opposing the war in the Transvaal Republic, citing “what it perceived to be a dangerous spirit of militarism and jingoism abroad in the land.” The spirit of colonial ideals was burning bright in Britain, and members of the Women’s Liberal Federation feared what war would do to the nation regardless of whether they won or lost. Likewise, the lack of voting rights that women had fanned the flame for taxpaying women who had no political say in matters of war. It was during this time that the Women’s Liberal Federation solidified its stance on the suffrage movement and the enfranchisement of women.
As of 1905, the WLF's objectives included promoting just legislation for women, through the introduction of votes for women at local and parliamentary elections, on the same basis as men.
In 1908 the Women's Liberal Federation invited David Lloyd George to speak at the Royal Albert Hall. The Women's Social and Political Union suspected that Lloyd George was going to make no promises and threatened to disrupt the meeting if he made no substantive commitment to giving votes to women. He didn't and they did. Helen Ogston was notably assaulted as she was evicted. She tried to defend herself with a dog whip and caused a storm in the newspapers. Lloyd George refused to allow women in to his future public events.
In 1988, when the Liberal Party merged with the SDP to form the Liberal Democrats, the WLF was wound up.
President of the Women's Liberal Federation
The WLF President was elected annually, and served for a one-year term.
References
External links
Liberal Democrat history
Women's Liberal Federation Archive
Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
Women's organisations based in the United Kingdom
1988 disestablishments
1886 establishments in the United Kingdom
Liberal Party (UK)
|
5377720
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel%20Rada
|
Karel Rada
|
Karel Rada (born 2 March 1971) is a Czech former professional football defender. He played for several teams, including SK Slavia Prague, SK Sigma Olomouc, FK Teplice, Trabzonspor and Eintracht Frankfurt. At international level, he played for the Czech Republic, for which he played 43 matches and scored four goals. He was a participant in the Euro 1996, where the Czech Republic won the silver medal, and represented the Czech Republic at the 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup.
Career
Rada started his career with Dukla Prague.
References
External links
1971 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Karlovy Vary
Czech footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Association football defenders
Bohemians 1905 players
SK Sigma Olomouc players
SK Slavia Prague players
FK Teplice players
Eintracht Frankfurt players
Trabzonspor footballers
UEFA Euro 1996 players
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup players
UEFA Euro 2000 players
Czech First League players
Süper Lig players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Czech football managers
Czech Republic women's national football team managers
|
5377721
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Rigaud
|
Jean Rigaud
|
Jean Rigaud (15 June 1912 – 7 February 1999) was a well-listed French painter, closely associated to the French Navy.
Early life
He was born on 15 June 1912 in Bordeaux, France to the well-known painter, Pierre Gaston Rigaud (1874–1939). The Rigaud family moved to the village of Guyenne in 1914, shortly after World War I began. It was during this time that Jean Rigaud received his first formal training under his father, Pierre Gaston, who was also a well-respected teacher. During this time, Jean was encouraged to develop his own style and talents, which utilized "pure color tones (ochres, yellows and red cadmium) which [stood] out triumphantly against grey skies."
In 1925 Jean Rigaud was invited to exhibit his works at the Salon d'Art Ancien Espagnol in Paris, where he became a regular. Jean also continued his formal education at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris at the Atelier André Dewambez. While at the Atelier, Jean Rigaud began to develop his unique impressionistic style and techniques. He also began painting marine subjects for which he became known. However, this did not mean that he did not paint other scenes. As "a painter of instinct", who focused on scenery, villages and abodes were not out of the realm. Examples of these works include "Tolede: Contre Jour" a 28 ¾" x 19 ¾" oil on canvas painting "L'Isle Adam", and "Ker Guerin, Île d'Yeu." However, according to a brief biography by Banks Fine Art, Rigaud "saved little room for precise depictions of the human figure in his works."
From 1938 to 1976, Jean Rigaud participated in 53 one-man exhibitions, including at the Galerie Durand-Ruel in which he was featured every other year from 1956 to 1974. Furthermore, as a tribute, The Galerie Durand Ruel featured Rigaud's work in their final exhibition as a "Grand Finale."
During his lifetime, Jean Rigaud was invited to exhibit his work at all of the leading Paris Salons, which included the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, Salon "Comparaisons", Salon du Dessin et de la Peinture a l'eau and the Salon de la Marine. Rigaud also exhibited his works in Casablanca, New York, and Strasbourg. He also received a Gold Medal at The International Exhibition in Paris in 1937, the Prize of Messageries Maritimes in 1952, the Prize of Morocco in 1953, and the Prize of Charles Cottet in 1957 as well as "Painter of the French Navy" honors in 1956.
Jean Rigaud's works are featured in many private and public collections across the world. His paintings are also permanently exhibited at the National Museum in Paris, Musée de la Marine, Musée de Niort, Musée de Tours, Musée de Poitiers, Musée Mulhouse, Musée Chalet, Musée Pontoise, and Musée Strasbourg. Jean Rigaud is also well listed in over a dozen prestigious books on art.
Jean Rigaud died in 1999 in Paris, and immediately after his death, the Musée national de la Marine mounted a one-man retrospective of his work, which was met with great critical acclaim.
"Jean Rigaud is placed without doubt in the great tradition of realist and impressionist painter."
His friends
Among his colleagues, his closest friends were Louis Vuillermoz, Daniel du Janerand and chiefly Maurice Boitel whom he brought in car for painting to Yport (Normandy), into Ile de Sein (Brittany), and whom he convinced to come and paint in Yeu island.
References
Jean Rigaud. La Galerie Du Chateau. http://www.dicart-net.fr/PHOTOS/RIGAUD/Amg0000.htm
Jean Rigaud. La Galerie Du Chateau. http://www.dicart-net.fr/PHOTOS/RIGAUD/Amg0000.htm
Sources
Jean Rigaud. Banks Fine Art. 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060826194233/http://www.banksfineart.com/html/Detail.asp?WorkInvNum=161&whatpage=artist
Jean Rigaud. La Galerie Du Chateau. http://www.dicart-net.fr/PHOTOS/RIGAUD/Amg0000.htm
1912 births
1999 deaths
20th-century French painters
20th-century French male artists
French male painters
Peintres de la Marine
|
5377743
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Tavares%20%28lacrosse%29
|
John Tavares (lacrosse)
|
John Tavares (born September 4, 1968, in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional box lacrosse player and current head coach of the Buffalo Bandits of the National Lacrosse League (NLL). He is the NLL's all-time leading scorer and also a mathematics teacher at Philip Pocock Catholic Secondary School in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. He attended D'Youville College in Buffalo, New York.
Tavares played his entire National Lacrosse League (NLL) career with the Buffalo Bandits, starting in their inaugural season in 1992. He was acquired from the Detroit Turbos in exchange for Brian Nikula in October 1991. Tavares was also the Professional Lacrosse Players' Association representative for the Bandits.
Tavares is the NLL's all-time leader in games played (306), goals (815), assists (934), and points (1,749). His 2,191 loose balls recovered is the second most all-time.
Tavares is the uncle of John Tavares, the captain and star forward of the Toronto Maple Leafs.
John Tavares was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame on May 12, 2022.
National Lacrosse League
On Saturday February 18, 2006, the Buffalo Bandits defeated the Minnesota Swarm by a score of 14–9 in front of 12,458 fans at HSBC Arena in Buffalo, New York. In that game, John Tavares tied the NLL Career Points (goals + assists) record at 1,091 points held by Gary Gait, who had retired after the 2005 season.
On Saturday March 4, 2006, 10,961 fans witnessed history. On that night, the Buffalo Bandits played their 7th regular season game again hosting the Minnesota Swarm, and Tavares scored two points in an 11–8 loss. The first was his 1,092nd career point, the record-breaker, which was an assist to Mark Steenhuis who scored a power-play goal at 11:57 in the second period. (The second point, Point 1,093, was also an assist to Steenhuis in the third period.) Play was stopped, and Tavares was given the game ball.
On Saturday January 20, 2008, Tavares scored his 597th career goal (against goalie Matt Vinc) in a win over the New York Titans, passing Gary Gait and becoming the NLL's all-time leader in goals scored. May 17, 2008 Tavares won his fourth championship and first since 1996. The Bandits beat the Portland Lumberjax in the championship game with the help of two Tavares goals.
During the 2009 NLL season, he was named to the All-Star Game.
Career totals including playoffs
Games Played: 344
Career Goals: 899
Career Assists: 1,050
Career Points: 1,949
Loose Balls: 2,464
Tavares was the first player in NLL history to have 500 goals and 500 assists.
Points milestones
No. 1: Jan. 4, 1992, assist to Rich Kilgour vs. New York in first game.
100: March 20, 1993, goal vs. Detroit's Paul Mootz in 16th game.
200: Jan. 20, 1996, goal vs. Baltimore's J.J. Pearl in 34th game.
300: Feb. 7, 1997, assist to Darris Kilgour vs. Baltimore in 47th game.
400: Jan. 8, 1999, goal vs. Philadelphia's Dallas Eliuk in 62nd game.
500: Feb. 18, 2000, goal vs. Rochester's Pat O'Toole in 78th game.
600: Feb. 10, 2001, goal vs. Washington's Devin Dalep in 91st game.
700: Feb. 1, 2002, assist to Chris Driscoll vs. Montreal in 107th game.
800: Feb. 8, 2003, assist to Mike Accursi vs. Toronto in 122nd game.
900: Feb. 14, 2004, goal vs. Anaheim's Matt Disher in 139th game.
1,000: Feb. 19, 2005, assist to Delby Powless vs. Rochester in 154th game.
1,091: Feb. 18, 2006, assist to Cory Bomberry vs. Minnesota in 169th game. (Ties Gary Gait's then-existing NLL Career Points Record)
1,092: March 4, 2006, assist to Mark Steenhuis vs. Minnesota in 170th game. (New NLL Career Points Record)
1,600: March 17, 2012, goal vs. Minnesota in 259th game.
1,949: May 8, 2015, assist to Dhane Smith vs. Rochester in (Division Semifinal) game 349. (final tally)
Statistics
Reference:
Canadian Lacrosse Association
Tavares' teams have won seven Mann Cups, 1992 and 1993 with the Brampton Excelsiors, 1994 through 1996 with the Six Nations Chiefs, 2002 with the Victoria Shamrocks, and 2012 with the Peterborough Lakers. In 1992, 1993, and 1996, Tavares won the Mike Kelley Memorial Trophy as most valuable player in the Mann Cup competition. Tavares also won the Major Series Lacrosse scoring title eight times, and the MSL's Most Valuable Player award three times. Tavares played Ontario Junior A lacrosse for the Mississauga Tomahawks.
Statistics
International play
John Tavares represented Canada internationally. He played for his home country in the 2003 and in the 2007 World Championships, winning the gold medal in both.
See also
NLL records
References
Further reading
External links
JOHN TAVARES NAMED TO 2012 NLL ALL-PRO TEAM (from 2012)
TAVARES LOOKS BACK ON ANOTHER SUCCESSFUL SEASON (from 2011)
Professional Lacrosse Players Association John Tavares Interview (from 1999)
1968 births
Buffalo Bandits players
Canadian lacrosse players
Canadian people of Portuguese descent
Lacrosse people from Ontario
Living people
National Lacrosse League All-Stars
National Lacrosse League major award winners
Sportspeople from Toronto
D'Youville College alumni
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Buffalo Bandits coaches
|
5377756
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ferraby
|
John Ferraby
|
John Ferraby (January 9, 1914 – September 5, 1973) was a British Baháʼí born in Southsea, England, into a liberal Jewish family. He was educated at Malvern College and King's College, Cambridge, to which he won a major scholarship. He became a Baháʼí in 1941 and was elected as secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly, which he remained until 1959.
In October 1957, Ferraby was appointed a Hand of the Cause of God by Shoghi Effendi. From 1959 to 1963, he served as one of the nine Custodians at the Baháʼí World Centre in Haifa, Israel.
Works
All Things Made New is notable for the changes made from the original publication in 1957 to subsequent editions published after the passing of Shoghi Effendi. For example, comparing the original 1957 edition to the 1987 edition, among the numerous alterations, is the replacement of his dedication of the book to "The First Guardian of the Baháʼí Faith" to simply "The Guardian." Other references to "the Guardian" have been replaced with "the Universal House of Justice."
References
Bibliography
1914 births
1973 deaths
20th-century Bahá'ís
People from Southsea
English Bahá'ís
English Jews
Hands of the Cause
Converts to the Bahá'í Faith from Judaism
|
5377758
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian%20cruiser%20Rossia
|
Russian cruiser Rossia
|
Rossia () was an armored cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy built in the 1890s. She was designed as a long-range commerce raider and served as such during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05. She was based in Vladivostok when the war broke out and made a number of sorties in search of Japanese shipping in the early months of the war without much success.
Rossia, along with the other armored cruisers of the Vladivostok Cruiser Squadron, attempted to rendezvous in the Strait of Tsushima with the main portion of the Pacific Fleet sailing from Port Arthur in August 1904, but were delayed and had to return to port without them. They encountered a Japanese squadron of four armored cruisers between them and their base shortly after they turned around. The Japanese sank the oldest Russian ship, , and damaged Rossia and during the Battle off Ulsan, but both Russian ships were repaired within two months.
After the end of the war Rossia returned to Kronstadt where she underwent a three-year refit that strengthened her armament. She was fitted with mine rails in 1914 and laid one minefield during World War I that damaged two German light cruisers. She was reconstructed beginning in late 1915 to further strengthen her armament, but played no part during the rest of the war as her crew became involved in revolutionary activities in 1917. She was taken over by the Bolsheviks in late 1917, but was put into reserve in 1918 and sold for scrap in 1922.
Design
Rossia was originally intended to be a repeat of the armored cruiser , but the Director of the Naval Ministry wanted the armor to cover more of the ship's side. However the design went through a number of changes during late 1892 and early 1893 and incorporated a number of technological advances that had recently become available. One notable change was the deletion of Ruriks sailing rig.
General characteristics
Rossia was long overall. She had a maximum beam of and a draught of . She displaced , only more than designed. Rossia was sheathed in wood and copper to reduce fouling. She was considered to be a good sea boat with a smooth roll—attributable to her tumblehome sides.
Propulsion
In an effort to extend her range, Rossia was built with an unusual machinery arrangement. One large vertical triple expansion (VTE) steam engine drove each of the outer propeller shafts while a small cruising VTE engine drove the center shaft. At full speed the center propeller had to be uncoupled as there was not enough steam to drive all three engines simultaneously; the outer propellers were uncoupled when cruising. The two main engines were designed for a total of , but they developed on trials and drove the ship to a maximum speed of . The cruising engine developed . Thirty-two Belleville water-tube boilers provided steam for the engines.
She could carry a maximum of of coal. This gave her a radius of action of at . In 1898, some of the first large warship trials of oil fuel were carried out.
Armament
Rossias main armament consisted of four 45-caliber Pattern 1892 guns, one at each end of the ship on each side, sponsoned out over the tumblehome of the ship's sides. They were protected by gun shields. The guns could be depressed to −5° and elevated to 18°. They fired projectiles at a muzzle velocity of which gave a range of at 13° elevation.
Her secondary armament consisted of sixteen /45 Pattern 1892 guns. One gun was mounted under the forecastle and another in the stern; neither gun could fire to the side. The remaining guns were mounted in hull embrasures. In their pivot mounts the guns could depress to -6° and elevate to +20°. They fired Pattern 1907 high explosive projectiles at a muzzle velocity of . This gave a range of at maximum elevation. Rossia carried 210 rounds per gun.
Defense against torpedo boats was provided by a variety of light-caliber weapons. Twelve Canet Pattern 1892 50-caliber guns were mounted in sponsons on the upper deck, protected by gun shields. The gun fired shells to a range of about at its maximum elevation of 21° with a muzzle velocity of . The rate of fire was between twelve and fifteen rounds per minute.
A total of twenty Hotchkiss guns were carried. They fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of at a rate of 20 rounds per minute to a range of . Eighteen Hotchkiss guns were also carried. They fired a shell at a muzzle velocity of at a rate of 20 rounds per minute to a range of .
Five above-water torpedo tubes were mounted. The exact type of torpedo carried likely changed over Rossias lifetime: the original fifteen-inch Whitehead torpedo only had a maximum range of at a speed of and a warhead. These were later replaced by an improved model with two speed/range settings and a warhead. Its maximum range was at a speed of .
Armor
Rossia used newly developed Harvey armor which saved considerable weight over the steel armor used by Rurik for the same amount of protection. Her waterline belt extended from the stern to short of the bow. It extended above the waterline and below the waterline. It was thick amidships, but reduced to six inches fore and abaft the machinery spaces and to at the stern. The belt tapered to a thickness of at its lower edge. It was closed off at the forward end by a transverse bulkhead. A protective deck ran forward from the bulkhead to the bow. The main armored deck was thick, but a five-inch glacis projected above it to protect the tops of the engine cylinders. The conning tower had walls thick. The funnel uptakes were protected by of armor between the lower and middle decks.
Operational history
Rossia was built by the Baltic Works in Saint Petersburg. Construction began in October 1893 although she was not formally laid down until 20 May 1895 and launched on 30 April 1896. After her launch, she was towed to Kronstadt for fitting-out, but on 26 October, she was pushed onto a sandbar by a storm. She was refloated on 15 December. Rossia entered service in late 1896 and participated in Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee Fleet Review in June 1897 at Spithead. She returned to Kronstadt to finish her trials before sailing for the Far East in October. She reached Nagasaki, Japan on 10 March 1898 and remained in the Pacific until the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904.
Russo-Japanese War
At the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Rossia was under the command of Captain Andrei Parfenovich Andreev, and was the flagship of the Vladivostok Cruiser Squadron under the overall command of Rear Admiral Karl Jessen. The other ships in the squadron were the armored cruisers and as well as the protected cruiser . The squadron made a number of sorties against Japanese shipping early in the war, but only one was reasonably successful when the transport Hitachi Maru, carrying eighteen siege howitzers and over 1000 troops intended for the siege of Port Arthur, was sunk in June 1904. On an earlier sortie in May 1904 Rossia flew an observation balloon off her quarterdeck to (unsuccessfully) locate Japanese shipping; the first use of an aerial device by a warship on the high seas during a time of war.
Battle off Ulsan
During the war the bulk of the Russian Pacific Fleet was located in Port Arthur where they were blockaded by the Japanese. On 10 August 1904 the ships at Port Arthur attempted breakout to Vladivostok, but were turned back in the Battle of the Yellow Sea. Admiral Jessen was ordered to rendezvous with them, but the order was delayed and his ships had to raise steam, so he did not sortie until the evening of 13 August. Bogatyr had been damaged earlier when she grounded and did not sail with the squadron. By dawn he had reached the island of Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait between Korea and Japan. He turned back for Vladivostok when he failed to see any ships from the Port Arthur squadron. north of the island he encountered the Japanese squadron commanded by Vice Admiral Kamimura Hikonojō tasked to patrol the Tsushima Strait. The Japanese force had four modern armored cruisers, , , , and . The two squadrons had passed during the night without spotting the other and each had reversed course around first light. This put the Japanese ships astride the Russian route to Vladivostok.
Admiral Jessen turned to the northeast when he spotted the Japanese at 5:00 a.m. and they followed suit, albeit on a slightly converging course. Both sides opened fire around 05:23 at a range of . The Japanese ships concentrated their fire on Rurik, the rear ship of the Russian formation. She was hit fairly quickly and began to fall astern of the other two ships. Admiral Jessen turned southeast in an attempt to open the range, but this blinded the Russian gunners and prevented any of their broadside guns from bearing on the Japanese. About 06:00 Admiral Jessen turned 180° to starboard in an attempt to reach the Korean coast and to allow Rurik to rejoin the squadron. Admiral Kamimura followed suit around 06:10, but turned to port, which opened the range between the squadrons. Azuma developed engine problems around this time so the Japanese squadron slowed to conform with her best speed. Firing recommenced at 06:24 and Rurik was hit three times in the stern, flooding her steering compartment so that she had to be steered with her engines. Her speed continued to decrease, further exposing her to Japanese fire, and her steering jammed to port around 06:40.
Admiral Jessen made another 180° turn in an attempt to interpose his two ships between the Japanese and Rurik, but the latter ship suddenly turn to starboard and increased speed and passed between Jessen's ships and the Japanese. Admiral Kamimura turned 180° as well so that both squadrons were heading southeast on parallel courses, but Admiral Jessen quickly made another 180° turn so that they headed on opposing courses. Iwate was hit around this time which knocked out three six-inch and one twelve-pounder guns, killing 32 and wounding 43. The Japanese squadron opened the range again when it made a 180° another turn to port. The Russians reversed course for the third time around 07:45 in another attempt to support Rurik although Rossia was on fire herself. Her fires were extinguished about twenty minutes later. Admiral Kamimura circled Rurik to the south at 08:00 and allowed the other two Russian ships to get to his north and gave them an uncontested route to Vladivostok. Despite this, Admiral Jessen turned back once more at 08:15 and ordered Rurik to make her own way back to Vladivostok before turning north at his maximum speed, about .
About this time Admiral Kamimura's two elderly protected cruisers, and were approaching from the south. Their arrival allowed Kamimura to pursue Jessen with all of his armored cruisers. They fought a running battle with the Russians for the next hour and a half; scoring enough hits on them to force their speed down to . Azumas engines again broke down during this chase and she was replaced in the line by Tokiwa. The Japanese closed to a minimum of about , but Admiral Kamimura then opened the range up to .
About 10:00 Kamimura's gunnery officer erroneously informed him that Izumo had expended three-quarters of her ammunition and he turned back after a five-minute rapid-fire barrage. He did not wish to leave the Tsushima Strait unguarded and thought that he could expend his remaining ammunition on Rurik. By this time she had been sunk by Naniwa and Takachiho which had closed to of Rurik in order to finish her off. They had radioed Admiral Kamimura that she was sunk, but he did not receive the message. Shortly after the Japanese turned back Gromoboi and Rossia were forced to heave-to to make repairs.
Rossia suffered only 44 dead and 156 wounded; far less than Gromobois 87 dead and 170 wounded. This was attributable to Rossias captain's policy of ordering the gun crews for his quick-firing guns on the engaged side to lay down and those on the unengaged side to go below, in contrast to the other ship keeping her light guns manned at all times. Rossia had been hit nineteen times on the starboard side of her hull and nine on her port side, plus other hits in her funnels, boats and decks. She had half of her guns knocked out and a fire caused by the ignition of excess propellant charges. Despite this number of hits, she was not badly damaged because her waterline belt was not penetrated by any hit. She was repaired within two months by the rudimentary facilities available at Vladivostok. Rossia made no further effort to interfere with Japanese shipping during the war.
Interwar period
Rossia returned to Kronstadt, arriving on 8 April 1906, where she was given a lengthy refit that was finished in 1909. Her engines and boilers were reconditioned, her mainmast was removed and she received additional six-inch guns. Six more guns in lightly armored casemates were added on the upper deck, positioned on each side in the intervals between the main-deck six-inch guns. In addition the bow gun was moved to the upper deck to allow it to fire to each side. This increased the ship's broadside by four guns.
Rossia represented Russia at King George V's Coronation Fleet Review in June 1911. She departed Kronstadt in September 1912 for a training cruise to the Canaries and the Virgin Islands, returning to the Baltic in time to visit Copenhagen in March 1913 in company with the protected cruisers and . She left for another training cruise to the Azores in September 1913 and was cruising in the Mediterranean in April 1914.
World War I
Rossia served as the flagship of the 2nd Cruiser Brigade of the Baltic Fleet during World War I. She was modified to serve as a fast minelayer with a capacity of one hundred naval mines before the war. In January 1915 she laid a minefield in company with Oleg and Bogatyr between Kiel and the Mecklenburg coast that damaged the German light cruisers and . She was reconstructed beginning in October 1915 at Kronstadt to increase her armament. Her forecastle deck was removed as well as the fore and aft six-inch guns. They were replaced by two eight-inch guns mounted on the centerline forward and another pair was mounted on the quarterdeck. These additions increased her broadside to six eight-inch, but only seven six-inch guns.
Rossias crew took an active part in the revolutionary movements in 1917 and came under control of the Soviet Red Fleet in September 1917. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Soviets to evacuate their base at Helsinki in March 1918 or have them interned by newly independent Finland even though the Gulf of Finland was still frozen over. Rossia sailed to Kronstadt in what became known as the 'Ice Voyage' and was placed into reserve shortly after her arrival. She was sold to a German company for scrapping on 1 July 1922. While being towed to Germany in the Baltic Sea, she broke free from her tow and ran aground on the Dyvelseye Shoal on the coast of Estonia on 16 October 1922. She was refloated in August 1923, towed to Kiel, and broken up.
Notes
Footnotes
References
External links
Site in English with photographs
UKonline
World War I cruisers of Russia
Naval ships of Russia
1896 ships
Cruisers of the Imperial Russian Navy
Russo-Japanese War cruisers of Russia
Maritime incidents in 1896
Maritime incidents in 1922
Ships built at the Baltic Shipyard
|
5377773
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel%20Horv%C3%A1th
|
Pavel Horváth
|
Pavel Horváth (; born 22 April 1975) is a Czech former professional footballer who played as a midfielder, and a football manager. He was in charge of Příbram.
He spent the better part of his 22-year professional career with Slavia Prague (four years), Teplice (three) and Viktoria Plzeň (seven), amassing Czech First League totals of 435 games and 78 goals during 19 seasons. He also competed professionally in Portugal, Turkey and Japan.
Horvath was a Czech international for three years.
Club career
After making his professional debut with AC Sparta Prague, Prague-born Horváth moved to lowly FK Jablonec in search of more opportunities, which led to a return to the capital with SK Slavia, scoring 27 goals in the league alone in four seasons, although the club only managed to win two national cups during that timeframe.
Horváth's exploits with Slavia earned him a transfer to Sporting Clube de Portugal, but he failed to win a place in the starting XI. Sold in January 2002 to Galatasaray S.K. alongside teammate Mbo Mpenza, he also appeared very rarely, which prompted a return home before 2001–02 was over, with FK Teplice, where he conquered the domestic cup in his first full campaign.
After three years in Japan Horváth moved back to Sparta for two more seasons, where he won the national championship for the first time in 2007, adding the 2007 and 2008 Czech Cups. Subsequently, aged 33, he signed for FC Viktoria Plzeň, netting eight times during the 2008–09 season as the club finished in eighth place.
Horváth won the domestic cup for the sixth time with his fourth different team, as he captained Viktoria to its first title in the competition in 2010. He was also named the Personality of the League at the Czech Footballer of the Year awards in that year.
Thirty-five-year-old Horváth continued to produce in the 2010–11 season, scoring eight goals in 26 games as Plzeň was crowned league champion the first time in its history.
Controversy
In September 2007, Horváth was fined 200,000 Czech koruna for apparently performing the Nazi salute during Sparta's league match against FK Viktoria Žižkov. He apologized for the incident, and said that his gesture was misinterpreted, claiming he was only trying to calm down his team's rowdies.
International career
Horváth made his debut for the Czech Republic on 9 February 1999 in a 1–0 friendly win in Belgium, going on to amass 19 caps in three years and being selected for UEFA Euro 2000, where he did not play.
His international career was vastly barred by the talent of fellow midfielders Patrik Berger, Pavel Nedvěd and Vladimír Šmicer.
Coaching career
Horváth became the manager of FC Viktoria Plzeň's U21 squad in October 2016 simultaneously with his assistant manager role for the first team of the club.
After one year as the manager of FK Baník Sokolov, Horváth returned to Viktoria Plzeň and was hired as the U21 manager again. This was announced on 4 January 2019.
On 11 March 2020 Horváth became manager of Czech First League club Příbram. On 15 March 2021, Horváth was sacked as the head coach of Příbram after series of poor results (39 matches, 8 wins, 5 draws, 19 losses) with team on last place of league table.
Career statistics
Club
Sources:
Notes
International
Source:
Honours
Club
Slavia Prague
Czech Cup: 1996–97, 1998–99
Sporting
Primeira Liga: 2001–02
Teplice
Czech Cup: 2002–03
Sparta Prague
Czech First League: 2006–07
Czech Cup: 2006–07, 2007–08
Viktoria Plzeň
Czech First League: 2010–11, 2012–13, 2014–15
Czech Cup: 2009–10
Czech Supercup: 2011
References
External links
Viktoria Plzeň official profile
Czech people of Hungarian descent
1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Prague
Czech footballers
Czech football managers
Association football midfielders
Czech First League players
AC Sparta Prague players
FK Jablonec players
SK Slavia Prague players
FK Teplice players
FC Viktoria Plzeň players
Primeira Liga players
Sporting CP footballers
Süper Lig players
Galatasaray S.K. footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Vissel Kobe players
Czech Republic under-21 international footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
UEFA Euro 2000 players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in Japan
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Japan
FK Baník Sokolov managers
1. FK Příbram managers
Czech First League managers
|
5377774
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema%20Engineering
|
Systema Engineering
|
Systema Engineering is a Japanese manufacturer of airsoft internal parts, and airsoft gun replicas of real firearms for use as a safe, low cost substitute in simulated live fire training.
Products
M16A1
M16A2
M16A3
M16A3 Burst
M16A4
M4A1
M4A1 CQBR
M4 Burst
M733 Limited Edition
PTW89 (Based on Howa Type 89)
PTW5A4 (Based on HK MP5A4)
References
External links
Systema PTW User Group, PTW User Group.
Systema MIL/LE PTW SHOT SHOW 2009, 2009 Shot Show Interview MIL/LE Product.
Systema PTW Club, Thailand User Group, Systema PTW Thailand User Group.
Systema PTW Club, Russian User Group, Systema PTW Russian User Group.
Airsoft
Manufacturing companies of Japan
|
5377788
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicarbazone
|
Semicarbazone
|
In organic chemistry, a semicarbazone is a derivative of imines formed by a condensation reaction between a ketone or aldehyde and semicarbazide. They are classified as imine derivatives because they are formed from the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with the terminal -NH2 group of semicarbazide, which behaves very similarly to primary amines.
Formation
For ketones
H2NNHC(=O)NH2 + RC(=O)R → R2C=NNHC(=O)NH2
For aldehydes
H2NNHC(=O)NH2 + RCHO → RCH=NNHC(=O)NH2
For example, the semicarbazone of acetone would have the structure (CH3)2C=NNHC(=O)NH2.
Properties and uses
Some semicarbazones, such as nitrofurazone, and thiosemicarbazones are known to have anti-viral and anti-cancer activity, usually mediated through binding to copper or iron in cells. Many semicarbazones are crystalline solids, useful for the identification of the parent aldehydes/ketones by melting point analysis.
A thiosemicarbazone is an analog of a semicarbazone which contains a sulfur atom in place of the oxygen atom.
See also
Carbazone
Carbazide
Thiosemicarbazone
References
External links
Compounds Containing a N-CO-N-N or More Complex Group
Functional groups
Semicarbazones
|
5377792
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium%20chloride
|
Titanium chloride
|
Titanium chloride may refer to:
Titanium tetrachloride (titanium(IV) chloride), TiCl
Titanium trichloride (titanium(III) chloride), TiCl
Titanium dichloride (titanium(II) chloride), TiCl
|
5377793
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20flow%20meter
|
Air flow meter
|
An air flow meter is a device that measures air flow, i.e. how much air is flowing through a tube. It does not measure the volume of the air passing through the tube, it measures the mass of air flowing through the device per unit time. Thus air flow meters are simply an application of mass flow meters for a special medium. Typically, mass air flow measurements are expressed in the units of kilograms per second (kg/s).
In automobiles
In industrial environments
Air flow meters monitor air (compressed, forced, or ambient) in many manufacturing processes.
In many industries, preheated air (called "combustion air") is added to boiler fuel just before fuel ignition to ensure the proper ratio of fuel to air for an efficient flame. Pharmaceutical factories and coal pulverizers use forced air as a means to force particle movement or ensure a dry atmosphere. Air flow is also monitored in mining and nuclear environments to ensure the safety of people.
See also
Anemometer
List of sensors
Mass flow sensor
:Category:Engines
:Category:Engine fuel system technology
In-line flow meter
Insertion flow meter
Thermal mass flow meter
References
External links
Miata.net, Repair broken Air Flow Meter, by Zach Warner, 2 January, 2009
Clarks garage, AFM shop manual, Air Flow Meter (AFM) Operation and Testing, 1998
Auto shop 101, AFM sensor
Spitzer, David W. (1990), Industrial Flow Measurement,
Flow meters
Engine fuel system technology
ja:エアフロメーター
|
5377794
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanderford%20Valley
|
Vanderford Valley
|
Vanderford Valley (Other English names: Vanderford Strath, Vanderford Submarine Valley Hungarian Vanderford-selfvölgy) () is an undersea valley, named in association with the Vanderford Glacier, which reaches a depth of 2287 m (7,503 ft). This may be the deepest glacier-carved valley in the world.
External links
Glacial geomorphology
Valleys of Antarctica
Landforms of Wilkes Land
|
5377806
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lud%C4%9Bk%20Macela
|
Luděk Macela
|
Luděk Macela (3 October 1950 – 16 June 2016) was a Czech football player. He played eight matches for the Czechoslovakia national football team.
He was a participant in the 1980 Olympic Games, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal.
Macela played mostly for Dukla Prague and won the Czechoslovak First League three times with them, in 1977, 1979 and 1982.
References
External links
1950 births
2016 deaths
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
Dukla Prague footballers
SV Darmstadt 98 players
Footballers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Czechoslovakia
Olympic footballers of Czechoslovakia
Olympic medalists in football
Czechoslovak expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
2. Bundesliga players
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Association football defenders
People from Prague-West District
Sportspeople from the Central Bohemian Region
|
5377827
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsuyuki%20Kiyomiya
|
Katsuyuki Kiyomiya
|
is a notable Japanese rugby union coach, formerly of Waseda University RFC (2001–06) and now (since 2006) of Suntory Sungoliath. Many in Japan had hoped he would coach the national side in the future however after he criticized the then current coach Eddie Jones in August 2015 support has dramatically dropped. He is the father of Japanese baseball prodigy, Kotaro Kiyomiya.
Early life
He was born in Osaka prefecture on July 25, 1967 and after a juvenile delinquent period was advised to play rugby to give his life some direction by a junior high school teacher. Since that time he has been interested in, and passionate about, education. (He has also founded the WASEDA CLUB NPO in Tokyo to encourage the interest of children in many sports, and the Oku-Inoue Fund for the children of Iraq.)
Player
He played for All-Japan High Schools and captained the team in his third year at Matta high school in Osaka. He attended Waseda University and played rugby there and won the university championship when captain in his fourth year at the university. His position was flanker or No. 8.
After graduation he started work at the Suntory beverage company in 1995 and played rugby for them. He is not able to drink alcohol.
Coach
From 2001-2006, he was a very successful coach of Waseda University Rugby Football Club leading them to three university championships in five years, including successive championships in 2005 and 2006, and he has now returned to Suntory Sungoliath in the Top League as their full-time professional head coach.
In his first season as coach of Sungoliath his team was second in the league behind Toshiba Brave Lupus, after losing narrowly 10-12 to their Fuchu city rivals in a 'Fuchu derby'. In the Microsoft Cup Final 2007, Suntory lost on the last play of the game after injury time had finished. The final score was 13-14 in favour of Toshiba.
After a game against Yamaha in September of the 2006 Top League season which Suntory lost, Kiyomiya used the term "necessary loss" in his blog, by which he meant that it was a game Suntory had to lose for the team to be in a position to challenge for the league and championship. This concept has also been adopted by John Kirwan in coaching Japan at RWC 2007.
In the opening game of the 2007-8 season Kiyomiya's Suntory gained revenge, beating Toshiba 10-3 on October 26, 2007 under lights at Chichibunomiya. After the game coach Kiyomiya declared that his team would win all the remaining league games and the championship. They in fact lost two and drew one, but won the fifth Microsoft Cup and so became champions of the Top League for the first time in 2007-08.
In 2011, he became head coach of Yamaha Júbilo.
Notable Victories
On February 12, 2006 Coach Kiyomiya's Waseda defeated Toyota Verblitz, a team which included stars such as Troy Flavell and Filo Tiatia in the 43rd Japan Championships. This was the first time ever that a university team had defeated a Top League team, though Waseda also defeated Toshiba, a company team, when Mr. Kiyomiya was a student player.
On February 24, 2008 Suntory Sungoliath coached by Kiyomiya-san defeated Sanyo Wild Knights in the final of the Microsoft Cup to become the champions of the 2007-08 Top League.
See also
Katsuhiko Oku
References
ULTIMATE CRUSH: Waseda University Rugby, Leadership and Building the Strongest Winning Team in Japan, by Katsuyuki Kiyomiya, translated into English by Ian Ruxton (September 2006). (preview) The original was a book by Mr. Kiyomiya published in Japanese in February 2006 entitled Kyukyoku no Shori:Ultimate Crush .
1967 births
Living people
Japanese rugby union players
Waseda University Rugby Football Club players
Japanese rugby union coaches
|
5377832
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Andrew%27s%20School%20for%20Girls
|
St. Andrew's School for Girls
|
St Andrew's School for Girls is an independent Christian girls-only day and boarding school and co-educational preschool in Johannesburg, South Africa. The school has a student body of around 1100 girls. St Andrew's has been voted as Best English High School, Best Private School for Girls and Best Nursery School by the public in the popular newspaper The Star "Your Choice 2008" Poll.
History
St Andrew's School for Girls was founded in 1902 by two young Scottish women, Jean Fletcher and Jessie Johnson. Initially St Andrew's was situated in Hospital Hill in an area now called Houghton. The two Scottish women later bought Bedford Court, a large farm previously owned by a mining mogul of his time - Sir George Farrar. The house which is situated on Bedford Farm was designed by Sir Herbert Baker and still stands today as a heritage building.
The school motto, Per Angusta Ad Augusta, has the meaning 'Through trials and tribulations to glory'. The school philosophy is "Skilled for Life".
Academics
St Andrew's pupils write the Independent Examinations Board exams each year and pupils consistently achieve excellent results. The majority of students continue with tertiary education in South Africa or abroad. St Andrew’s strength lies in its staff/pupil ratio, with classes rarely exceeding 27 girls.
Sport
The school sporting facilities include
Athletics: Grass track
Diving: diving well is part of the Aquatic Centre
Hockey: Water-based Astroturf with lights
Netball: 10 courts with lights
Swimming: Aquatic Centre features an indoor 25m 10 lane pool and an indoor learn-to-swim pool
Squash: 4 courts
Tennis: 9 courts
Rowing: Train at Victoria Lake Club and row at Roodeplaat Dam
Equestrian: Girls ride at their own stables.
Golf: Girls play at Royal Johannesburg and Kensington Golf Club
St Andrew's has produced numerous national and provincial sportswomen.
Environmental responsibility
Eco School is an international programme that operates in over 40 countries worldwide. The programme is about improving environmental management at the school, as well as learning, and interaction with the broader community who share our environment is developed. Eco-Schools South Africa has specific criteria that schools need to meet within at least five years. Progress in the areas of curriculum, action and community is reviewed annually and successful schools are awarded a flag or certificate to mark their school’s eco-school status in the five-year award system. St Andrew’s joined the programme in 2006 and currently hold a Green Flag, platinum certificate (the highest level) and the International Flag.
Notable alumnae
Sheila Kohler, author
Nthati Moshesh, actress
Cathy O'Dowd, rock climber, mountaineer, author and motivational speaker
External links
Boarding schools in South Africa
Educational institutions established in 1902
Girls' schools in South Africa
Herbert Baker buildings and structures
Private schools in Gauteng
Schools in Germiston
Schools in Johannesburg
1902 establishments in South Africa
|
5377846
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Paul%27s%20Square
|
St Paul's Square
|
St Paul's Square is a Georgian square in the Jewellery Quarter, Birmingham, England, named after the church in its centre. It is the last remaining Georgian Square in the city.
Built 1777–1779 on the Newhall estate of the Colmore family, it was an elegant and desirable location in the mid-nineteenth century. At the end of the nineteenth century the square was swallowed by workshops and factories, with the fronts of some buildings being pulled down to make shop fronts or factory entrances. Much restoration was done in the 1970s and many of the buildings are Grade II listed.
As well as bars, cafés and restaurants, which line the square's four sides, a number of apartment schemes have been built in the area, including a restoration of the façade of the Thomas Walker building, a former buckle maker, which fronts onto the square. St Paul's Club is situated in St Paul's Square. Formed in 1859, it is the Midlands' oldest private members club. The Royal Birmingham Society of Artists has its offices and gallery in premises just off the square.
St Paul's Square is served by St Paul's tram stop.
St Paul's Church
Designed by Roger Eykyn of Wolverhampton, building started in 1777, and the church was consecrated in 1779. It was built on land given by Charles Colmore from his Newhall estate. It was the church of Birmingham's early manufacturers and merchants - Matthew Boulton and James Watt had their own pews, which were bought and sold as commodities at that time.
It is a rectangular church, similar in appearance to St Martin in the Fields, London. The spire was added in 1823 by Francis Goodwin. The east window has an important 1791 stained-glass window designed by Benjamin West and made by Francis Eginton. It shows the Conversion of St Paul. The church is a Grade I listed building.
Gallery
References
The Jewellery Quarter - History and Guide, Marie Elizabeth Haddleton,
Pevsner Architectural Guides - Birmingham, Andy Foster, 2005,
Squares in Birmingham, West Midlands
Grade I listed buildings in the West Midlands (county)
Grade II listed buildings in Birmingham
Odonyms referring to religion
|
5377853
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Berger
|
Jan Berger
|
Jan Berger may refer to:
Jan Berger (footballer, born 1955), Czechoslovak association football player
Jan Berger (footballer, born 1976), Czech-Swiss association football player
Jan Berger (screenwriter) (born 1970), German screenwriter
Jan Johannis Adriaan Berger (1918–1978), Dutch politician
|
5377857
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Dictionary%20of%20Maqiao
|
A Dictionary of Maqiao
|
A Dictionary of Maqiao () is a novel written by Chinese writer Han Shaogong. It was first published in 1996 and was translated into English by Julia Lovell in 2003. Yazhou Zhoukan selected it as one of the top 100 greatest Chinese novels in the 20th century.
The novel is set in Maqiao, a village in Hunan province, China. It is written in the form of a dictionary, or more accurately, encyclopedia. It collects 115 ‘articles’ on Maqiao village life from the perspective of a young student sent there by the Down to the Countryside Movement. These ‘articles’ cohere into a story.
After the book was published, some critics claimed that was an imitation of Milorad Pavić's novel, Dictionary of the Khazars. The author, Han Shaogong, claimed never to have read Pavić's work. He brought a defamation case against the critics and won this case in 1999 at Haikou.
References
External links
Complete Review of A Dictionary of Maqiao
Novels about the Cultural Revolution
1996 Chinese novels
Novels set in the 1960s
Novels set in Hunan
|
5377861
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Three%20Stooges%20Meet%20Hercules
|
The Three Stooges Meet Hercules
|
The Three Stooges Meet Hercules is a 1962 American comedy fantasy film directed by Edward Bernds. It is the third feature film to star the Three Stooges after their 1959 resurgence in popularity. By this time, the trio consisted of Moe Howard, Larry Fine, and Joe DeRita (dubbed "Curly Joe"). Released by Columbia Pictures, The Three Stooges Meet Hercules was directed by long-time Stooges director Edward Bernds. It was the most financially successful of the Stooges' feature films.
Plot
The Stooges work at Dimsal's Drug Store in Ithaca, New York, where they befriend their eccentric next-door neighbor Schuyler Davis (Quinn Redeker), who is attempting to build a time machine. With the boys' "help", the machine transports the boys, Schuyler and disaffected girlfriend Diane Quigley (Vicki Trickett) back in time to Ithaca in ancient Greece during the reign of the lecherous King Odius (George N. Neise). The King, after defeating and imprisoning Ulysses because the Stooges are believed to be gods, has a yearning for Diane. Realizing they have disrupted the proper course of history, Schuyler and the boys free Ulysses, after which Odius banishes them to the galleys. However, the constant rowing causes Schuyler to become extremely muscular and superhumanly strong, equal to Hercules.
After an escape and shipwreck, they kill a monster Siamese Cyclops with the help of Joe's sleeping pills and start billing Schuyler as Hercules at a local gladiatorial arena. The real Hercules (Samson Burke) gets wind of their game and confronts them, but after single combat, Schuyler convinces Hercules to help them rescue Diane in a chariot chase. The time travelers remove Odius and, navigating by observing the progress of military technology, manage to set history straight by dumping him off into the Wild West where a tribe of American Indian warriors chases him off into the distance. After that, the travelers return to Dimsal's Drug Store. Dimsal touches the time machine and disappears, but eventually returns locked inside a pillory. An interesting time travel twist - an entire different story happened off screen - and the audience understood the "plot" without being shown a frame. The Stooges manage to remove the pillory with an electric tool.
Cast
Moe Howard as Moe
Larry Fine as Larry
Joe DeRita as Curly Joe
Quinn Redeker as Schuyler Davis
Vicki Trickett as Diane Quigley
George N. Neise as Ralph Dimsal/King Odius
Samson Burke as Hercules
Emil Sitka as Shepherd/Refreshment Man
Hal Smith as King Theseus Of Rhodes
Marlin McKeever as Ajax (The Siamese Cyclops)
Mike McKeever as Argo (The Siamese Cyclops)
John Cliff as Ulysses
Barbara Hines as Anita
Terry Huntingdon as Hecuba
Diana Piper as Helen
Gregg Martell as Simon
Gene Roth as harbor captain
Lewis Charles as Achilles the Heel
Edward Foster as Freddie the Fence
Cecil Elliott as matron
Rusty Wescoatt as Philo, the Horator
Production notes
The Three Stooges Meet Hercules was filmed over 13 days on June 6–22, 1961. The film marked the return of director Edward Bernds, who had worked with Stooges during the Shemp Howard era and was recruited to help revive several proven routines from the past. Bernds later commented, "The team wasn't the same. They were older and I had to remind myself to be careful with them. I didn't want them to have a heart attack in the middle of a scene. If they had to run up a flight of stairs, I'd cut to something and jump to them at the top of the stairs." Bernds also commented on working with new third Stooge, Joe DeRita: "[Joe DeRita] wasn't quite the typical Stooge, he wasn't quite as willing to be hurt as Curly was or even Shemp. And Moe was very considerate of him and Joe DeRita was a little temperamental and didn't like to be hurt. Moe took pains to make sure that Joe wasn't hurt the wys Larry was, for instance, or the way Shemp used to be. He didn't get slapped as much. We had to use doubles more for Joe DeRita than we did Shemp or Curly."
Injury
Larry Fine sustained an injury that landed him in Cedars-Sinai Medical Center when filming a scene that involved climbing aboard a parked chariot. The 300-pound DeRita lost his grip and fell directly on top of Fine, knocking him unconscious. Fine was rushed to the hospital and quickly discharged when deemed fit enough to return to work. It was during Fine's brief hospital stay that he was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, which he controlled by resisting foods containing sugar for the remainder of his life (Fine died in January 1975).
Reception
Moe Howard expressed his fondness for the film in 1973, stating "Of course Hercules I liked very much. Especially when we were in the slave ship. We had a great special effects team on that."
See also
List of American films of 1962
References
External links
The Three Stooges Meet Hercules at threestooges.net
1962 films
1960s fantasy-comedy films
American fantasy-comedy films
American black-and-white films
Columbia Pictures films
1960s English-language films
Films based on classical mythology
Films about time travel
The Three Stooges films
Films directed by Edward Bernds
American slapstick comedy films
Films scored by Paul Dunlap
Films about Heracles
1962 comedy films
|
5377865
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail%20Ivanovich%20Popov
|
Mikhail Ivanovich Popov
|
Mikhail Ivanovich Popov () (1742, Yaroslavl – circa 1790) was a Russian writer, poet, dramatist and opera librettist of the 18th century.
Biography
Born into a merchant family, he was a pupil of Fyodor Volkov. After 1757 he was an actor at the Court Theatre in St Petersburg. He entered Moscow University in 1765, and began to translate comedies from German and French. He wrote a collection of lyrics called “Songs” (1765). In 1771 he published Slavenskie drevnosti, ili Priklyucheniya slavenskikh knyazei [Slavic antiquities, or Adventures of Slavic princes], an adventure novel with "traditional stock subjects from European chivalric novels that have been given an ancient Slavic coloration"; it was very popular, being republished three times by 1794.
During 1771–1772 he translated the poem Gerusalemme Liberata (Jerusalem Delivered) by Torquato Tasso. Together with Mikhail Chulkov, he published a collection of Russian folk songs. His own collection of songs, Russian Erota or the Collection of the Best and Newest Russian Songs (Российская Эрота, или Выбор наилучших новейших русских песен), was published posthumously in 1791. Popov wished to popularize Slavic mythology, which had been largely forgotten in Russia in his time, as a more patriotic alternative to Greek and Roman mythology. To this end, he conducted some rather inaccurate research and wrote the essay, Описание древнеславянского баснословия (The Description of Ancient Slavic Fable-writing, 1768). He included this essay in the collection of his poems, translations and plays called Dosugi (Досуги – Lesure Hours), published at the request of Empress Catherine II. This collection also contained his famous libretto to the opera Anyuta.
Opera librettist
He wrote a few librettos for comic operas and was especially celebrated for the text of the one-act opera Anyuta, which was given at the (Chinese Theatre, Tsarskoye Selo, September 6 [OS August 26] 1772). The music was a selection of popular songs specified in the libretto. The story is about a girl called Aniuta, brought up in a peasant household, who turns out to be of noble birth, and the story of her love for a nobleman, Victor, which eventually ends happily with wedding bells. The music hasn’t survived, and the composer is unknown, although it is sometimes attributed to Vasily Pashkevich or even to Yevstigney Fomin, who at that time was just 11 years old.
Notes
Bibliography
Polovtsev, A.A. Russian Biographical Dictionary (Русский биографический словарь А.А.Половцова) published 1896-1918.
Iurii Vladimirovich Stennik, "Mikhail Ivanovich Popov," in Marcus C. Levitt, Early Modern Russian Writers: Late Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Gale Research, 1995; ), pp. 308–312.
External links
Biography 1
Biography 2
Russian Comic Opera
See also
Russian opera
1742 births
1790 deaths
People from Yaroslavl
Russian writers
Russian male poets
Russian opera librettists
Russian dramatists and playwrights
Russian male dramatists and playwrights
Researchers of Slavic religion
Imperial Moscow University alumni
|
5377868
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral%20district%20of%20Ballarat%20West
|
Electoral district of Ballarat West
|
The Electoral district of Ballarat West (initially spelt Ballaarat West) was an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly in Australia. It existed from 1859–1927 and from 1992–2014.
The original seat was created for the second election to the Legislative Assembly in 1859. In 1927, it was merged with Ballaarat East to form a single Ballaarat electorate.
Its second implementation occurred in 1992, when it replaced Ballarat North. Unlike Ballarat East, which had a rural character, Ballarat West was mostly urban, and included much of Ballarat proper and its southern and western suburbs.
The seat was replaced by Wendouree in 2014.
Members for Ballarat West
Three members from 1877 to 1889.
Election results
See also
Parliaments of the Australian states and territories
List of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly
References
Parliament of Victoria, Re-member
External links
Electorate profile: Ballarat West District, Victorian Electoral Commission
Former electoral districts of Victoria (Australia)
Ballarat
1859 establishments in Australia
1992 establishments in Australia
1927 disestablishments in Australia
2014 disestablishments in Australia
|
5377885
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jozef%20Barmo%C5%A1
|
Jozef Barmoš
|
Jozef Barmoš (born 28 August 1954) is a former Slovak football coach and former player. He played in defence for Czechoslovakia, and won 52 international caps.
After winning the European Championships in 1976, Barmoš played for Czechoslovakia at both Euro 80 and Espana 82. At the latter tournament, he scored an own goal as the Czechoslovaks lost 2–0 to England in Bilbao, during the first round of the competition.
He managed the Slovak U21 national team, Žilina and Inter Bratislava.
References
Profile at Hall of Fame Dukla Praha website
1954 births
Living people
People from Šurany
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
1982 FIFA World Cup players
Slovak footballers
UEFA Euro 1976 players
UEFA Euro 1980 players
UEFA European Championship-winning players
FK Inter Bratislava players
Dukla Prague footballers
Slovak football managers
MŠK Žilina managers
Slovak Super Liga managers
FK Inter Bratislava managers
Slovakia national under-21 football team managers
Association football defenders
|
5377890
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartered%20Manager
|
Chartered Manager
|
Chartered Manager refers to a professional certification in management:
C.Mgr., offered by CIM | Chartered Managers Canada
CMgr, offered by the Chartered Management Institute, U.K.
Professional titles and certifications
|
5377898
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis%20O%27Sullivan%20%28golfer%29
|
Denis O'Sullivan (golfer)
|
Denis O'Sullivan (born 11 March 1948) is a retired professional Irish golfer. He won the 1985 Irish Amateur Close and the 1990 Irish Amateur Stroke Play, but did not turn professional until 1997, when he decided to try to qualify for the European Seniors Tour. He came through the European Seniors Tour Qualifying School at his first attempt and became one of the tour's most consistent players. He has won six seniors events and finished in the top ten on the Order of Merit several times, with a best ranking of third in 2000.
Professional wins (6)
European Senior Tour wins (6)
European Senior Tour playoff record (0–1)
Team appearances
Amateur
European Amateur Team Championship (representing Ireland): 1977
Professional
Praia d'El Rey European Cup: 1998 (tie)
External links
Irish male golfers
European Senior Tour golfers
1948 births
Living people
|
5377904
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Institute%20of%20Management
|
Canadian Institute of Management
|
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada is Canada's senior professional association, certification body and academic institute for managers and leaders.
History
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada was founded in 1942 as the Society of Industrial Methods Engineers and in 1946 became the Canadian Industrial Management Association. It became the Canadian Institute of Management in 1970 and in 2016 rebranded to CIM | Chartered Managers Canada to reflect its role as Canada's certifying body for chartered management professionals.
As a Federally Chartered not-for-profit organization, CIM | Chartered Managers Canada operates through and Head Office and Chapters across Canada.
National Accreditation Framework (NAF)
Through the National Accreditation Framework, CIM | Chartered Managers Canada accredits academic programs within Canadian colleges, polytechnics and universities as meeting the requirements for the Chartered Management Program (CMP) leading to Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.) and the Certified in Management (C.I.M.) professional designations.
Chartered Manager Competency Framework (CMCF)
The CMCF outlines the competencies required to achieve the Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.) designation. It provides academic institutions with the benchmark for the development of effective academic programs that will lead to this professional designation.
Professional Designations
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada offers the following post-nominal designations:
Certified in Management (C.I.M.)
Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.)
Certified in Management (C.I.M.)
The Certified in Management (C.I.M.) designation is awarded upon completion of the 8-course CMP leading to the Certificate in Management and Administration and 24 months of validated professional management experience. The academic requirement for the C.I.M. designation are offered through the CIM and partner institutions across Canada.
Chartered Manager (C.Mgr.)
Chartered Manager is the CIM's senior management qualification and chartered professional designation for applicants with undergraduate or graduate degrees. It is abbreviated as C.Mgr. and used as a post-nominal to accredited members in good standing. The designation also gives the holders an exclusive right to use the full title of "Chartered Manager" in Canada.
Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Management (F.CIM)
The Fellowship Designation is an honorary award to individuals with a record of distinction and achievement in their community, locally, regionally and nationally.
International Reciprocity
CIM Chartered Managers are eligible to obtain Chartered Manager in the UK through the Chartered Management Institute and Certified Manager in the US through the Institute of Certified Professional Managers.
External links
CIM | Chartered Managers Canada
1942 establishments in Canada
Professional associations based in Canada
Organizations established in 1942
|
5377906
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCmeg
|
Sümeg
|
Sümeg () is a town in Veszprém county, Hungary. Sümeg is mostly known for Sümeg Castle. It is north of Lake Balaton.
Twin towns – sister cities
Sümeg is twinned with:
Aichtal, Germany
Sovata, Romania
Tapolca, Hungary
Vobarno, Italy
References
External links
in Hungarian
Populated places in Veszprém County
|
5377910
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Keane%20Brothers
|
The Keane Brothers
|
The Keane Brothers was an American pop music duo from 1976–82, composed of pre-teens, Tom Keane on piano and John Keane on drums. The duo released four albums and briefly hosted a television variety show on CBS. The brothers subsequently went on to solo careers as songwriters and music producers.
History
Tom and John Keane of Los Angeles, California, were the sons of Bob Keane, the founder of Del-Fi Records. After the elder Keane closed his record label, he promoted the boys as a bubblegum pop band.
The Keane Brothers’ first single, “Sherry” (#84), was released in 1976, followed closely by a self-titled debut album in 1977. During the summer of 1977, John who was 12 years and Tom who was 13 years, reportedly became the youngest people ever to host a prime-time variety television program. The Keane Brothers Show aired on CBS for four weeks in 1977 as a summer replacement for Wonder Woman.
Between the years of 1977 and 1982, the brothers released four albums. Their second album, Taking Off, was released in 1978 with a disco sound and produced by songwriter Lamont Dozier. In 1981, the group added Mark Moulin on guitars and Mike Millwood on bass and shortened its name to Keane. The third album was titled Keane.
In 1982, the group released the album Today, Tomorrow And Tonight with Moulin and Jason Scheff on bass. The brothers disbanded the duo, and instead pursued solo careers.
John M. Keane
John Keane (born April 26, 1965) composes music for television, including The Sentinel, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation and The Amazing Race. For the CSI series, Keane was nominated for the 2007 Emmy as well as 12 BMI and ASCAP awards.
He became a session drummer in Los Angeles, recording music with various musicians including Chicago, Michael Bolton, David Foster and Cher. He released two solo albums: Any Other World in 1996 and Straight Away in 1999.
In 2010, John released a solo album on Laycut Records titled Everything Changed.
Tom Keane
Tom Keane (born March 13, 1964) has collaborated as writer and musician with many producers and artists, including Burt Bacharach, Kenny Rogers, Patti LaBelle, and Al Jarreau. He received a Grammy nomination for Chaka Khan's hit “Through the Fire”, which he co-wrote with David Foster and Cynthia Weil (of “You’ve Lost That Lovin’ Feelin’” fame) and a Golden Globe nomination for the soundtrack to the 1987 film, The Secret of My Success.
The song “Will You Still Love Me?”, recorded by Chicago, who had recently added Tom’s former Keane bandmate, Jason Scheff, to the lineup, was co-written by Tom, David Foster and Richard Baskin. Scheff performed lead vocals on the track, which became a big hit.
Tom Keane issued a pair of solo albums in the early 2000s. In 2000, he released I Love a Gershwin Tune, which features covers of several classic works by George Gershwin. A second album featuring his own versions of songs he had written, Smoove and Juicy Covers followed in 2001. Tracks on this latter album include Keane's own take on his compositions “Will You Still Love Me?” as well as “Through the Fire”.
In 2007, he opened a production company called DMG-Del-Fi Music Group. 2011 saw the release of Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil a Weinstein Company animated feature release, the sequel to the 2005 release, Hoodwinked!. Tom wrote and produced the two pop songs in the film sung by Hayden Panettiere of Heroes fame.
Tom's son, Mack Keane has become a recording artist in his own right.
Discography
Albums
The Keane Brothers (1977)
Taking Off (1979)
Keane (1981)
Today, Tomorrow & Tonight (1982)
Soundtracks
Film
Zapped! (1982)
Two of a Kind (1983)
Kidd Video (1984)
St. Elmo’s Fire (1985)
White Nights (1985)
The Secret of My Succe$s (1987)
Win Win (2011)
Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil (2011)
Spotlight (2015)
Anime
One Pound Gospel (1988) (Theme Song Arrangements)
After War Gundam X (1996) (music and arrangements for ending theme songs)
Chōja Reideen (1996) (main composer with Kiyoshi Murakami)
The Dog of Flanders (1997) (composer for ending theme "When I Cry")
Silent Möbius (1998) (composer for second ending theme song)
References
External links
TV Commercials for The Keane Brothers
American pop music groups
American musical duos
Sibling musical duos
|
5377914
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkaholix
|
Polkaholix
|
POLKAHOLIX is a polka/rock band from Berlin, Germany. Founded in 2001, they have
re-animated Berlin's polka tradition of Berlin, in their own unique way.
The POLKAHOLIX debut CD "Denkste" was in the top twenty of the WORLD MUSIC CHARTS EUROPE.
The POLKAHOLIX CD was nominated for the German Music Award (category world music).
POLKAHOLIX got a nomination for the Ruth 2005 (category local roots). ("Ruth" is the award for folk, singer-songwriter and world music in Germany.)
Line-up
Andreas Wieczorek (saxophone / lead voc)
Stephan Bohm (trombone / voc)
Steffen Zimmer (trumpet)
Christoph Frenz (bass guitar / voc)
Mario Ferraro (guitar / lapsteel / voc)
Jo Meyer (accordion / voc)
Snorre Schwarz (drums / voc)
Media appearances
2004: The band made an appearance in the movie: "Küss mich, Hexe" (X-Film Creative Pool)
2005: The band made the music for the TV-documentary: "Monte Klamotte – Eine Expedition zum Berliner Schuldenberg" by Gerd Conradt.
Discography
2002: "Denkste" (Löwenzahn/Buschfunk)
2007: "The Great Polka Swindle" (Westpark/Indigo)
2010: "Polkaface" (Monopol/DAmusic)
2013: "Rattenscharf" (Monopol/DAmusic)
2015: " Sex & Drugs & Sauerkraut" (Monopol/DAmusic)
References
External links
http://www.polkaholix.de
http://www.myspace.com/polkaholix
https://www.facebook.com/official.polkaholix
Musical groups established in 2001
Polka groups
Musical groups from Berlin
Westpark Music artists
|
5377922
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%20V.%20Rieu
|
E. V. Rieu
|
Emile Victor Rieu CBE (10 February 1887 – 11 May 1972) was a British classicist, publisher, poet and translator. He initiated the Penguin Classics series of books in 1946 and edited it for twenty years.
Biography
Rieu was born in London, the youngest child of the Swiss Orientalist Charles Pierre Henri Rieu (1820–1902), and his wife Agnes, daughter of Julius Heinrich Hisgen of Hamburg. He was a scholar of St Paul's School and Balliol College, Oxford, gaining a first in Classical Honours Moderations in 1908. In 1914 he married Nelly Lewis, daughter of a Pembrokeshire businessman. They had two sons (one of them was D. C. H. Rieu) and two daughters. Rieu died in London in 1972.
Publishing and translating
Having worked for the Bombay branch of Oxford University Press, Rieu joined the publishers Methuen in London in 1923, where he was managing director from 1933 to 1936, and then academic and literary adviser.
Rieu became best known for his lucid translations of Homer and for a modern translation of the four Gospels which evolved from his role as editor of a projected (but aborted) Penguin translation of the Bible. Though he had been a lifelong agnostic, his experience translating the Gospels brought him to change and join the Church of England. His translation of the Odyssey, 1946, was the opener of the Penguin Classics, a series that he founded with Sir Allen Lane and edited from 1944 to 1964. According to his son, "[h]is vision was to make available to the ordinary reader, in good modern English, the great classics of every language."
The inspiration for the Penguin Classics series, initially faint, came early in the Second World War, while bombs were falling. Each night after supper, Rieu would sit with his wife and daughters in London and translate to them passages from the Odyssey. The Penguin editors are said to have been dubious about the commercial prospects for the book (1946), but it became recognised as a classic itself, celebrated for the smooth and original prose, and the forerunner of Penguin's successful series of translated classics.
Often, though, he embroidered Homer's verse, following the principle that has since become known as dynamic equivalence or thought-for-thought translation. Whereas a literal translation would read, for example, "As soon as Dawn appeared, fresh and rosy-fingered," Rieu's version offered, "No sooner had the tender Dawn shown her roses in the East." Some of his renderings seem anachronistic or in the wrong linguistic register: "the meeting adjourned," "I could fancy him," and, "It's the kind of thing that gives a girl a good name in town." He sometimes discarded Homer's anonymous immortals: "A god put this into my mind" became "It occurred to me." Rieu also tended to make the characters more courteous by preceding orders with "Kindly..." or "Be good enough to..." Some of these foibles were amended in a revision made by his son D. C. H. Rieu, who also translated The Acts of the Apostles by Saint Luke (1957) for the Penguin series. The sole contemporary rival to his prose translation of the Iliad was a verse translation by Richmond Lattimore.
By the time Rieu retired as general editor of the Penguin Classics series, he had overseen the publication of about 160 volumes. He assiduously tracked down all the scholars and translators he wanted for each, creating a series that combined sound scholarship with readability, and accessibility through authoritative introductions and notes. Rieu himself also translated the Iliad (1950), the Voyage of Argo (1959) by Apollonius of Rhodes, The Four Gospels (1952) and Virgil's Pastoral Poems (1949). Having become an Anglican in 1947, Rieu sat on the joint churches' committee that oversaw the production of the New English Bible (1961–70). The genial and witty Rieu was a friend and editorial mentor of the science fiction writer Olaf Stapledon.
Poetry and stories for children
Rieu is less known for his children's verse, Cuckoo Calling: a book of verse for youthful people (1933). This he expanded as The Flattered Flying Fish and Other Poems (1962). A selection of his verse appeared in A Puffin Quartet of Poets (1958). For Rieu himself, his poems were a sideline, aimed mainly at children.
Rieu wrote the short story "Pudding Law: A Nightmare", included in The Great Book for Girls, published by Oxford University Press.
Honours
The University of Leeds awarded him an honorary D.Litt. in 1949, and he received a CBE in 1953. In 1951, he was chosen president of the Virgil Society and seven years later vice-president of the Royal Society of Literature.
Tribute
Patrick Kavanagh evoked the translations' crisp and readable character in a poem "On Looking into E. V. Rieu's Homer":
"In stubble fields the ghosts of corn are
The important spirits the imagination heeds.
Nothing dies; there are no empty
Spaces in the cleanest-reaped fields."
Notes
Further reading
"Translating the Gospels: A Discussion Between Dr. E. V. Rieu and the Rev. J. B. Phillips". Interview of 3 December 1953.
E.V. Rieu, "Hall and Knight". An irreverent account of how a famous school algebra textbook came to be written. First published in Cuckoo Calling.
1887 births
1972 deaths
English classical scholars
English translators
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Translators of the Bible into English
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
People educated at St Paul's School, London
British people of Swiss descent
British people of German descent
Writers from London
Scholars of ancient Greek literature
Translators of Ancient Greek texts
English male poets
20th-century English poets
20th-century British translators
Children's poets
Penguin Books people
20th-century English male writers
Translators of Homer
Translators of Virgil
|
5377926
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Three%20Stooges%20Go%20Around%20the%20World%20in%20a%20Daze
|
The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze
|
The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze is the fifth feature film made by The Three Stooges after their 1959 resurgence in popularity. By this time, the trio consisted of Moe Howard, Larry Fine, and Joe DeRita (dubbed "Curly Joe"). Directed by Howard's son-in-law Norman Maurer, the film was loosely based on the Jules Verne classic Around the World in Eighty Days.
Plot
Phileas Fogg III (Jay Sheffield), great-grandson of the original Phileas Fogg, accepts a bet to duplicate his great-grandfather's famous trip around the world in response to a challenge made by Randolph Stuart III, the descendant of the original Fogg's nemesis. Unbeknownst to anyone, however, "Stuart" is the infamous con man Vicker Cavendish (Peter Forster) who made the bet in order to cover up his robbing the bank of England by framing Fogg for the crime.
With him in this plot is his weaselly Cockney co-conspirator Filch (Walter Burke). This makes for a dangerous journey for Fogg and his servants (the Stooges) and Amelia Carter (Joan Freeman), whom they rescue from thugs during a train ride. On the way, they also: try to steal a cream pie from the galley of a Turkey-bound British cargo ship (and poke the cook in his fat behind with a gaff in the process); watch an elaborate Indian dance at a maharajah's palace, where blind-as-a-bat Curly Joe also regales the maharajah and the viceroy with knife throwing—until his disguise falls off; get captured in China by the Chinese Army, and survive Communist brainwashing in Shanghai with their interrogators turning into Chinese Stooge clones (Moe tells the Chinese general, "No brainee to washee!"). The disgusted Chinese set them adrift in a small boat; use Curly Joe's music-provoked strength to cadge food, clothes, and a trip to San Francisco from the manager of the monstrous sumo Itchy Kitchy (Iau Kea) after a demonstration in a park in Tokyo; stow away in a moving van, supposedly headed for New York. Of course, they are caught, and arrested in Canada by the British inspector (the Stooges and Amelia fake British accents so the inspector will arrest them too).
Back in London, they cross paths again with the two conspirators, again disguised as police—and armed. Of course, the Stooges win out, and, as with the original Phileas Fogg, his descendant miscalculated by one day and still has a chance. Curly Joe gets behind the wheel of the Bobbies' paddy wagon and speeds across London, and young Fogg wins the bet—crashing into the Reformer's Club with two seconds to spare.
DIALOGUE:
LARRY:"Oh,boy!We're going around the world on our wits!"
MOE:"You won't get past the front door!"
Cast
Moe Howard as Moe
Larry Fine as Larry
Joe DeRita as Curly Joe
Jay Sheffield as Phileas Fogg, III
Joan Freeman as Amelia Carter
Walter Burke as Lory Filch
Peter Forster as Vickers Cavendish/"Stuart"
Maurice Dallimore as Inspector J. B. Crotchet
Richard Devon as Maharajah
Anthony Eustrel as Kandu
Iau Kea as Itchi Kitchi
Robert Kino as Charlie Okuma
Phil Arnold as Referee
Emil Sitka as Butler at Reformer's Club
Laurie Main as a member of the Reformer's Club
References
External links
The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze at threestooges.net
1963 films
1960s English-language films
1963 comedy films
American black-and-white films
Columbia Pictures films
Films set in San Francisco
Films set in London
Films based on Around the World in Eighty Days
The Three Stooges films
|
5377928
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michal%20Hor%C5%88%C3%A1k
|
Michal Horňák
|
Michal Horňák (born 28 April 1970 in Vsetín) is a Czech football manager and former player. He played for the Czech Republic, for which he played 38 matches and scored 1 goal.
Horňák played for several clubs, including TJ Gottwaldov, RH Cheb, Sparta Prague (most of his career) and LASK Linz (Austria).
He was a participant in the 1996 UEFA European Championship, where the Czech Republic won the silver medal.
He later was the assistant coach in the Czech club FK Teplice. He took over as manager of Vlašim in April 2013, but only stayed until the end of the calendar year before being replaced by Vlastimil Petržela.
References
External links
Living people
1970 births
People from Vsetín
Association football defenders
Czechoslovak footballers
Czech footballers
UEFA Euro 1996 players
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Czech Republic international footballers
AC Sparta Prague players
FK Hvězda Cheb players
LASK players
SFC Opava players
SV Horn players
Czech First League players
Czech expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Austria
Czech football managers
FC Sellier & Bellot Vlašim managers
FK Čáslav managers
AC Sparta Prague managers
Sportspeople from the Zlín Region
Czech National Football League managers
|
5377940
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berhida
|
Berhida
|
Berhida is a town in Veszprém county, Hungary.
References
Populated places in Veszprém County
|
5377942
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt%20Lovell
|
Matt Lovell
|
Matt Lovell is an Australian audio engineer, record producer and mixer. He has won three ARIA Music Awards for Engineer of the Year: in 2005 for his work on The Mess Hall's' Notes from a Ceiling, in 2006 for Black Fingernails, Red Wine by Eskimo Joe, and in 2008 for his work on Shihad's Beautiful Machine. Lovell was the CEO and co-owner of Lovell's Lager, a brewery.
Biography
Matt Lovell worked as an assistant audio engineer on silverchair's debut album, Frogstomp, from December 1994, which was released in March of the following year. He has produced work for Something for Kate, The Mess Hall, Tom Morgan and Shihad. As well as producing, he has also worked with Ammonia, Midnight Oil, Eskimo Joe, Grinspoon, Silverchair, the Whitlams, INXS, Spiderbait, the Presets, One Dollar Short, the Sleepy Jackson, and Cold Chisel.
Lovell has received three ARIA Music Awards for Engineer of the Year: in 2005 for his work on The Mess Hall's' Notes from a Ceiling, in 2006 for Black Fingernails, Red Wine by Eskimo Joe, and in 2008 for his work on Shihad's Beautiful Machine. In 2011 he was nominated for Engineer of the Year for his work on Eskimo Joe's Ghosts of the Past. He has worked with other record producers: Andrew Farriss, Tony Cohen, Kevin Shirley and Nick Launay.
In 2006 Lovell was appointed as a mentor in the Qantas 'Spirit of Youth Awards'. Lovell has mixed Jed Kurzel's soundtrack for the 2011 feature film, Snowtown.
Outside of his music career, Lowell was the founder and CEO of Lowell's Lager a beer brewery based in Sydney since 2005. Roger Grierson (of the Thought Criminals) recommended it, "It's on tap at the Annandale. Excellent. If you're at the Annandale, buy some." Back of the Ferry's website reviewer described the beer "there is something just not right with this beer (to my taste). The first swallow is inoffensive, but there is an aftertaste that is reminiscent of stale beer lines that I couldn’t get over. It really was a struggle to get the last drop down." Chris Joannou of Silverchair became his partner in the brewery, but by February 2014 the business was "currently on hold." Lovell now co-owns and operates a Korean Fried Chicken restaurant, in Newcastle, Australia. The restaurant, named Wu-cha, is owned by Paula Birch, Lovell and Harry Callinan. According to Lovell “It’s all about the really punchy flavours and bright colours” with the chicken being cooked fresh and the sauces made from scratch.
See also
List of record producers
References
Australian record producers
Australian audio engineers
Mixing engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
ARIA Award winners
People from Newcastle, New South Wales
|
5377956
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy%20of%20Germany%2C%20Bras%C3%ADlia
|
Embassy of Germany, Brasília
|
The Embassy of Germany in Brasília is Germany's embassy to Brazil. It is located on Avenida das Nações, Lote 25, Quadra 807. The embassy building was designed by German architect Hans Scharoun.
The current ambassador is Georg Witschel.
Consulates
There are several consulates located through Brazil:
Consulate General in Porto Alegre (Consul General Hans-Josef Over)
Consulate General in Recife (Consul General Thomas Wülfing)
Consulate General in Rio de Janeiro (Consul General Michael Worbs)
Consulate General in São Paulo (Consul General Matthias Ludwig Bogislav von Kummer)
as well as several Honorary Consuls in Anápolis, Belém, Belo Horizonte, Blumenau, Cuiabá, Curitiba, Fortaleza, Joinville, Manaus, Ribeirão Preto, Rolândia, Salvador, Santos and Vitória.
Brasilia
Germany
Germany
Brazil–Germany relations
|
5377970
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth%20General%20Council
|
Fifth General Council
|
The Fifth general council may designate, in Catholic history:
The Second Council of Constantinople
Fifth General Council (1512), a council held in 1512 in Rome, at the Pope's Lateran Palace
|
5377971
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devecser
|
Devecser
|
Devecser () is a town in Veszprém County, Hungary.
In the Middle Ages there were five villages in the area of today's Devecser: Devecser, Kisdevecser, Szék, Meggyes, and Patony. These villages expanded in the 12th and 13th century. There is an Esterházy castle in the town.
History
While the Ottomans occupied most of central Europe, the region north of lake Balaton remained in the Kingdom of Hungary (1538–1867) (captaincy between Balaton and Drava). Until 1918, DEVECSER was part of the Austrian monarchy, province of Hungary; in Transleithania after the compromise of 1867 in the Kingdom of Hungary.
During World War II, Devecser was captured by Soviet troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front on 26 March 1945 in the course of the Vienna Offensive.
Industrial accident
In October 2010, a sludge reservoir at the Ajka aluminum plant burst its banks, killing at least four people and injuring more than 120. Part of the town had to be erased due to the soil contamination, leading to the removal of some houses.
References
External links
in Hungarian
Populated places in Veszprém County
|
3987261
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Award%20for%20Best%20Actress%20in%20a%20Play
|
Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play
|
The Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards, a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre. The award is given to actresses for quality leading roles in a Broadway play. Despite the award first being presented in 1947, there were no nominees announced until 1956. There have been two ties in this category, and one three-way tie.
Winners and nominees
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
{| class="wikitable" style="width:98%;"
|- style="background:#bebebe;"
! style="width:11%;"| Year
! style="width:27%;"| Actress
! style="width:33%;"| Play
! style="width:29%;"| Character
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1980
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Phyllis Frelich
| Children of a Lesser God
| Sarah Norman
|-
| Blythe Danner
| Betrayal
| Emma
|-
| Maggie Smith
| Night and Day
| Ruth Carson
|-
| Anne Twomey
| Nuts
| Claudia Draper
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1981
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Jane Lapotaire
| Piaf
| Édith Piaf
|-
| Glenda Jackson
| Rose
| Rose
|-
| Eva Le Gallienne
| To Grandmother's House We Go
| Grandie
|-
| Elizabeth Taylor
| The Little Foxes
| Regina Giddens
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1982
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Zoe Caldwell
| Medea
| Medea
|-
| Katharine Hepburn
| The West Side Waltz
| Margaret Mary Elderdice
|-
| Geraldine Page
| Agnes of God
| Mother Miriam Ruth
|-
| Amanda Plummer
| A Taste of Honey
| Josephine
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1983
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Jessica Tandy
| Foxfire
| Annie Nations
|-
| Kathy Bates
| 'night, Mother
| Jessie Cates
|-
| Kate Nelligan
| Plenty
| Susan Traherne
|-
| Anne Pitoniak
| night, Mother| Thelma Cates
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1984
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Glenn Close
| The Real Thing| Annie
|-
| Rosemary Harris
| Heartbreak House| Hesione Hushabye
|-
| Linda Hunt
| End of the World| Audrey Wood
|-
| Kate Nelligan
| A Moon for the Misbegotten| Josie Hogan
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1985
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Stockard Channing
| A Day in the Death of Joe Egg| Sheila
|-
| Sinéad Cusack
| Much Ado About Nothing| Beatrice
|-
| Rosemary Harris
| Pack of Lies| Barbara Jackson
|-
| Glenda Jackson
| Strange Interlude| Nina Leeds
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1986
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Lily Tomlin
| The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life in the Universe| Various Characters
|-
| Rosemary Harris
| Hay Fever| Judith Bliss
|-
| Mary Beth Hurt
| Benefactors| Sheila
|-
| Jessica Tandy
| The Petition| Elizabeth Milne
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1987
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Linda Lavin
| Broadway Bound| Kate Jerome
|-
| Lindsay Duncan
| Dangerous Liaisons| Marquise de Merteuil
|-
| Geraldine Page
| Blithe Spirit| Madame Arcati
|-
| Amanda Plummer
| Pygmalion| Eliza Doolittle
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"|1988
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Joan Allen
| Burn This| Anna Mann
|-
| Blythe Danner
| A Streetcar Named Desire| Blanche DuBois
|-
| Glenda Jackson
| Macbeth| Lady Macbeth
|-
| Frances McDormand
| A Streetcar Named Desire| Stella Kowalski
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center"| 1989
|- style="background:#B0C4DE"
| Pauline Collins
| Shirley Valentine| Shirley Valentine
|-
| Joan Allen
| The Heidi Chronicles| Heidi Holland
|-
| Madeline Kahn
| Born Yesterday| Emma 'Billie' Dawn
|-
| Kate Nelligan
| Spoils of War| Elise
|}
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Multiple wins
5 Wins
Julie Harris
3 Wins
Zoe Caldwell
Jessica Tandy
2 Wins
Shirley Booth
Glenn Close
Uta Hagen
Helen Hayes
Cherry Jones
Margaret Leighton
Mary-Louise Parker
Irene Worth
Multiple nominations
9 Nominations
Julie Harris
8 Nominations
Rosemary Harris
7 Nominations
Colleen Dewhurst
6 Nominations
Jane Alexander
5 Nominations
Stockard Channing
Cherry Jones
Laura Linney
Mary-Louise Parker
4 Nominations
Eileen Atkins
Glenda Jackson
Linda Lavin
Margaret Leighton
Laurie Metcalf
Estelle Parsons
Maureen Stapleton
Jessica Tandy
Irene Worth
3 Nominations
Zoe Caldwell
Helen Hayes
Madeline Kahn
Janet McTeer
Helen Mirren
Kate Nelligan
Geraldine Page
Lynn Redgrave
Vanessa Redgrave
Diana Rigg
Maggie Smith
2 Nominations
Joan Allen
Nina Arianda
Elizabeth Ashley
Jayne Atkinson
Anne Bancroft
Barbara Bel Geddes
Eve Best
Shirley Booth
Kate Burton
Glenn Close
Gladys Cooper
Blythe Danner
Lindsay Duncan
Jennifer Ehle
Tovah Feldshuh
Uta Hagen
Swoosie Kurtz
Audra McDonald
Frances McDormand
Siobhán McKenna
Claudia McNeil
Amy Morton
Cynthia Nixon
Amanda Plummer
Phylicia Rashad
Mercedes Ruehl
Marian Seldes
Kim Stanley
Kathleen Turner
Liv Ullmann
Multiple character wins
3 Wins
Medea from Medea 2 Wins
Amanda Prynne from Private Lives Annie from The Real Thing Joan of Arc from Joan of Lorraine and The Lark Mary Tyrone from Long Day's Journey Into Night Nora Helmer from A Doll's House and A Doll's House Part 2Multiple character nominations
5 Nominations
Josie Hogan from A Moon for the Misbegotten 4 Nominations
Medea from Medea Martha from Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 3 Nominations
Amanda Prynne from Private Lives Beatrice from Much Ado About Nothing Claire Zachanassian from The Visit Joan of Arc from Joan of Lorraine, The Lark, and Saint Joan Lady Macbeth from Macbeth Lena Younger from A Raisin in the Sun Maggie Pollitt from Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Mary Tyrone from Long Day's Journey into Night Nora Helmer from A Doll's House and A Doll's House, Part 2 2 Nominations
Amanda Wingfield from The Glass Menagerie Anna Christopherson from Anna Christie Annie from The Real Thing Blanche DuBois from A Streetcar Named Desire Claire from A Delicate Balance Eleanor of Aquitaine from The Lion in Winter Elizabeth I from Vivat! Vivat Regina! and Mary Stuart Elizabeth Proctor from The Crucible Emma from Betrayal Emma 'Billie' Dawn from Born Yesterday Fonsia Dorsey from The Gin Game Golda Meir from Golda and Golda's Balcony Heidi Holland from The Heidi Chronicles Hesione Hushabye from Heartbreak House Josephine from A Taste of Honey Julie Cavendish from The Royal Family Kyra Hollis from Skylight Lola Delaney from Come Back, Little Sheba Portia from The Merchant of Venice Princess Cosmonopolis from Sweet Bird of Youth Regina Giddens from The Little Foxes Ruth from The Homecoming Sarah Norman from Children of a Lesser God Sheila from A Day in the Death of Joe EggProductions with multiple nominationsThe Chalk Garden -- Gladys Cooper and Siobhán McKennaToys In The Attic -- Maureen Stapleton and Irene WorthThe Killing of Sister George -- Beryl Reid (winner) and Eileen Atkins'night, Mother -- Kathy Bates and Anne PitoniakA Streetcar Named Desire -- Blythe Danner and Frances McDormandThe Sisters Rosensweig -- Madeline Kahn (winner) and Jane AlexanderA Delicate Balance -- Rosemary Harris and Elaine StritchAugust: Osage County -- Deanna Dunagan (winner) and Amy MortonGod of Carnage -- Marcia Gay Harden (winner) and Hope DavisMary Stuart -- Janet McTeer and Harriet Walter (God of Carnage and Mary Stuart'' were produced in the same year)
Multiple awards and nominationsActress who have been nominated multiple times in any acting categories'''
References
External links
Internet Broadway Database Awards Archive
Official Tony Awards Website Archive
Tony Awards
Theatre acting awards
Awards established in 1947
1947 establishments in the United States
Awards for actresses
|
5377983
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Novotn%C3%BD%20%28footballer%29
|
Jiří Novotný (footballer)
|
Jiří Novotný (; born 7 April 1970 in Prague) is a former Czech professional footballer defender. He played for Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic, for both he played total 33 matches and scored 2 goals.
Novotný was a participant in the 2000 UEFA European Championship.
In his country he played for most of his career with Sparta Prague.
International career
International goals
Scores and results list Czech Republic's goal tally first.
References
External links
Profile at kazan-sport.narod.ru, Russian
Interview with Jiri Novotny, Russian
1970 births
Living people
Footballers from Prague
Association football midfielders
Czech footballers
Czech expatriate footballers
Czech Republic international footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Czechoslovakia international footballers
UEFA Euro 2000 players
Czech First League players
Slovak Super Liga players
Russian Premier League players
AC Sparta Prague players
FC Slovan Liberec players
FC Rubin Kazan players
FK Baník Most players
FK Chmel Blšany players
FK Dukla Prague players
MFK Ružomberok players
Expatriate footballers in Slovakia
Expatriate footballers in Russia
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Czech expatriate sportspeople in Russia
|
5377989
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Novotn%C3%BD
|
Jiří Novotný
|
Jiří Novotný may refer to:
Jiří Novotný (footballer), football player
Jiří Novotný (futsal player), futsal player
Jiří Novotný (ice hockey), ice hockey player
Jiří Novotný (tennis), tennis player in the 1930s
|
3987263
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvor%20Olsen%20Folkestad
|
Halvor Olsen Folkestad
|
Halvor Olsen Folkestad (28 November 1807 – 30 September 1889) was a Bishop in the Church of Norway. He was appointed Norwegian Councillor of State in interim in 1875.
Folkestad was born at Bø in Telemark, Norway. He was the son of Ole Halvorsen Folkestad (1778-1864) and Asberg Augundsdatter (1785-1866). He graduated in 1831 and then worked as a tutor in Gjerpen. After a year of studies in Christiania (now called Oslo), he received his theological degree in 1836.
In 1841, he was appointed vicar of Mo, Telemark. From 1849 he served for the next 10 years as parish priest in Kviteseid and inspector at Kviteseid Seminary. In 1859, he became as vicar in Fredrikshald (now called Halden). In 1864 he was appointed bishop of the newly created Diocese of Hamar. In 1873, he was appointed by King Oscar II of Sweden to be royal court pastor (). In 1875, he was a member of the interim government during the king's trip abroad.
Folkestad sought and obtained dismissal of the episcopal office in 1887 at age 79. He died at Hamar during 1889 was buried at Vår Frelsers gravlund in Oslo.
References
1807 births
1889 deaths
People from Telemark
19th-century Lutheran bishops
Government ministers of Norway
Norwegian priest-politicians
19th-century Norwegian Lutheran clergy
Bishops of Hamar
Burials at the Cemetery of Our Saviour
|
5377997
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Gilmore
|
Daniel Gilmore
|
Daniel Gilmore (born 2 March 1983) is a former Australian rules footballer for the Fremantle Dockers in the Australian Football League.
After playing nine games in 2004, he had a frustrating 2005, only playing two games and appearing emergency nine times. After playing mainly as a defender or wingman, in 2006 he was tried as a reserve ruckman due to injuries to regular ruckmen Aaron Sandilands and Justin Longmuir. At 91 kg and 191 cm tall he is much shorter than most other ruckmen and has to rely on his leap, speed and endurance to compete.
In 2007, he continued to play as a ruckman because of long term injuries to Longmuir and Sandilands, and towards the end of the season produced some of his best football, gaining more than 20 disposals in 4 consecutive games, including a career high 31 against Essendon in round 19.
When not playing for Fremantle, Gilmore played for South Fremantle in the WAFL and in 2005 was a member of their premiership side and finished in the top 10 for the Sandover Medal. At the end of the 2009 season Gilmore was delisted from Fremantle and retired from all football to concentrate on becoming a chiropractor after winning his second WAFL premiership with South Fremantle.
Gilmore was the head coach of the Sydney University Australian National Football Club (SUANFC) in the North East Australian Football League (NEAFL) between 2013 and 2016.
He is the grandson of Brian Gilmore, a member of Footscray's 1954 premiership team.
References
External links
1983 births
Fremantle Football Club players
South Fremantle Football Club players
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Western Australia
|
3987272
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Konrad%20Foosn%C3%A6s
|
Hans Konrad Foosnæs
|
Hans Konrad Henriksen Foosnæs (2 February 1846 – 30 July 1917) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party. He served as Minister of Agriculture from 1908 to 1910.
Personal life
He was born in Namdalseid. He was the grandson of politician, Hans Andersen Barlien.
Career
He was elected as a member of Beitstaden municipal council in 1878, and served as mayor from 1880 to 1907. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway from Nordre Trondhjems Amt in 1882, and then won five non-consecutive re-elections in 1888, 1891, 1894, 1897 and 1903.
In 1906 he stood for re-election for a seventh time, now in the constituency Snaasen as the constituencies had been restructured. He was challenged by no less than three other candidates from his own party; Ivar Aavatsmark, Ole Olsen Five and Lorents Mørkved. In the first round of voting Aavatsmark took the lead with 1,210 votes against Foosnæs' 1,145 votes. In the second round of voting, Foosnæs with N. E. Brenne gathered 1,476 votes, and he lost his seat to Aavatsmark who won it with 2,157 votes.
From 1908 to 1910 he served in Knudsen's First Cabinet as the Minister of Agriculture. Foosnæs tried to re-contest the seat in 1912, and gathered 1,513 votes. However, Aavatsmark with Mørkved as running mate won 2,642 votes and hence the seat. In 1915 Foosnæs finished a distant third, now also beaten by the Labour candidate.
References
1846 births
1917 deaths
Members of the Storting
Ministers of Agriculture and Food of Norway
Politicians from Nord-Trøndelag
|
3987277
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willa%20Kenoyer
|
Willa Kenoyer
|
Willa Kenoyer (13 December 1933 in Tacoma, Washington–28 March 2020 in Albany, Oregon) was the Socialist Party USA (SPUSA) candidate for President of the United States in the 1988 U.S. presidential election. The SPUSA was not on the ballot in 1984 (the previous election) due to a lack of interest among its members, and only hoped for a vote total of five digits, expecting to do better in the next century, according to the chair Anne Rosenhaft. Kenoyer's running mate was Ron Ehrenreich; they also ran on the Liberty Union Party (LUP) line in Vermont, defeating Herbert G. Lewin of the Internationalist Workers Party by a vote difference of 199–66 in the LUP primary, which socialists use to gauge the relative strength of their campaigns. They hoped to spread their ideas, finding some similarities to the goals of Jesse Jackson's campaign, with significant differences regarding the military and intelligence agencies, and faulted him for, in their opinion, attracting more people to the Democratic Party. The Democratic party's ultimate nominee Michael Dukakis and platform were criticized by the campaign.
Kenoyer and Ehrenreich received 3,882 votes in the election. At the time she was working as a freelance journalist in Shelby, Michigan, and had been a co-chair of the Citizens Party. She was a divorced mother of four who learned about socialism from her father, a member of the Sawmill Workers. Her mother was a member of the Newspaper Guild. Prior to running for President, she served a six-year term on the Economic Development Commission for Oceana County, Michigan, to which she was reappointed in 1987.
In 2004, she was appointed to the Van Buren County, Michigan Family Independence Agency Board. She was reappointed for a term expiring in October 2009.
References
External links
Alternative Views #354: A Socialist President? (video) Frank Morrow (producer). Alternative Information Network. Recorded March 12, 1988.
Women in Michigan politics
Socialist Party USA presidential nominees
Candidates in the 1988 United States presidential election
20th-century American politicians
Female candidates for President of the United States
1933 births
Living people
People from Oceana County, Michigan
People from Van Buren County, Michigan
20th-century American women politicians
People from Tacoma, Washington
21st-century American women
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.