subset
stringclasses 6
values | context
stringlengths 16
17.7k
| context_tokens
sequence | qid
stringlengths 32
32
| question
stringlengths 1
717
| question_tokens
sequence | detected_answers
sequence | answers
sequencelengths 1
25
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SQuAD | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews in Lunar Roving Vehicles on the last five. They also planned an Apollo Applications Program to develop a longer-duration Earth orbital workshop (later named Skylab) to be constructed in orbit from a spent S-IVB upper stage, using several launches of the smaller Saturn IB launch vehicle. But planners soon decided this could be done more efficiently by using the two live stages of a Saturn V to launch the workshop pre-fabricated from an S-IVB (which was also the Saturn V third stage), which immediately removed Apollo 20. Belt-tightening budget cuts soon led NASA to cut Apollo 18 and 19 as well, but keep three extended/Lunar Rover missions. Apollo 13 encountered an in-flight spacecraft failure and had to abort its lunar landing in April 1970, returning its crew safely but temporarily grounding the program again. It resumed with four successful landings on Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972). | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"landing",
"was",
"followed",
"by",
"another",
",",
"precision",
"landing",
"on",
"Apollo",
"12",
"in",
"November",
"1969",
".",
"NASA",
"had",
"achieved",
"its",
"first",
"landing",
"goal",
"with",
"enough",
"Apollo",
"spacecraft",
"and",
"Saturn",
"V",
"launchers",
"left",
"for",
"eight",
"follow",
"-",
"on",
"lunar",
"landings",
"through",
"Apollo",
"20",
",",
"conducting",
"extended",
"-",
"endurance",
"missions",
"and",
"transporting",
"the",
"landing",
"crews",
"in",
"Lunar",
"Roving",
"Vehicles",
"on",
"the",
"last",
"five",
".",
"They",
"also",
"planned",
"an",
"Apollo",
"Applications",
"Program",
"to",
"develop",
"a",
"longer",
"-",
"duration",
"Earth",
"orbital",
"workshop",
"(",
"later",
"named",
"Skylab",
")",
"to",
"be",
"constructed",
"in",
"orbit",
"from",
"a",
"spent",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"upper",
"stage",
",",
"using",
"several",
"launches",
"of",
"the",
"smaller",
"Saturn",
"IB",
"launch",
"vehicle",
".",
"But",
"planners",
"soon",
"decided",
"this",
"could",
"be",
"done",
"more",
"efficiently",
"by",
"using",
"the",
"two",
"live",
"stages",
"of",
"a",
"Saturn",
"V",
"to",
"launch",
"the",
"workshop",
"pre",
"-",
"fabricated",
"from",
"an",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"(",
"which",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"third",
"stage",
")",
",",
"which",
"immediately",
"removed",
"Apollo",
"20",
".",
"Belt",
"-",
"tightening",
"budget",
"cuts",
"soon",
"led",
"NASA",
"to",
"cut",
"Apollo",
"18",
"and",
"19",
"as",
"well",
",",
"but",
"keep",
"three",
"extended",
"/",
"Lunar",
"Rover",
"missions",
".",
"Apollo",
"13",
"encountered",
"an",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"spacecraft",
"failure",
"and",
"had",
"to",
"abort",
"its",
"lunar",
"landing",
"in",
"April",
"1970",
",",
"returning",
"its",
"crew",
"safely",
"but",
"temporarily",
"grounding",
"the",
"program",
"again",
".",
"It",
"resumed",
"with",
"four",
"successful",
"landings",
"on",
"Apollo",
"14",
"(",
"February",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"15",
"(",
"July",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"16",
"(",
"April",
"1972",
")",
",",
"and",
"Apollo",
"17",
"(",
"December",
"1972",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
18,
22,
31,
34,
41,
43,
53,
61,
64,
71,
74,
77,
86,
90,
92,
97,
101,
110,
114,
120,
128,
133,
138,
145,
152,
163,
167,
174,
176,
186,
191,
195,
201,
207,
208,
211,
217,
226,
234,
241,
243,
245,
256,
264,
265,
275,
284,
288,
301,
305,
313,
319,
322,
328,
335,
344,
347,
351,
356,
360,
362,
367,
372,
380,
383,
390,
403,
411,
414,
422,
424,
430,
431,
440,
446,
454,
463,
464,
470,
476,
482,
484,
487,
490,
502,
505,
511,
516,
518,
524,
525,
526,
530,
536,
541,
543,
549,
557,
566,
569,
573,
581,
588,
591,
598,
605,
607,
611,
620,
625,
633,
638,
644,
647,
652,
657,
669,
672,
678,
682,
686,
691,
698,
701,
703,
710,
712,
715,
722,
726,
735,
738,
739,
750,
755,
758,
759,
760,
764,
765,
771,
775,
780,
784,
791,
793,
799,
804,
805,
807,
813,
825,
833,
840,
842,
844,
848,
849,
860,
867,
872,
877,
881,
886,
889,
893,
900,
903,
907,
910,
913,
917,
919,
923,
928,
934,
942,
943,
949,
955,
963,
965,
972,
975,
987,
990,
992,
993,
1000,
1011,
1019,
1023,
1027,
1030,
1036,
1040,
1046,
1054,
1057,
1063,
1067,
1069,
1079,
1083,
1088,
1095,
1099,
1111,
1121,
1125,
1133,
1138,
1140,
1143,
1151,
1156,
1161,
1172,
1181,
1184,
1191,
1194,
1195,
1204,
1208,
1209,
1211,
1218,
1221,
1222,
1227,
1231,
1232,
1234,
1241,
1244,
1245,
1251,
1255,
1256,
1258,
1262,
1269,
1272,
1273,
1282,
1286,
1287
]
} | b38e45215042436399a029039242283d | When did the Apollo 14 mission land successfully? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"the",
"Apollo",
"14",
"mission",
"land",
"successfully",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
20,
23,
31,
36,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"February 1971"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
1195
],
"end": [
1207
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
225
],
"end": [
226
]
}
]
} | [
"February 1971"
] |
SQuAD | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews in Lunar Roving Vehicles on the last five. They also planned an Apollo Applications Program to develop a longer-duration Earth orbital workshop (later named Skylab) to be constructed in orbit from a spent S-IVB upper stage, using several launches of the smaller Saturn IB launch vehicle. But planners soon decided this could be done more efficiently by using the two live stages of a Saturn V to launch the workshop pre-fabricated from an S-IVB (which was also the Saturn V third stage), which immediately removed Apollo 20. Belt-tightening budget cuts soon led NASA to cut Apollo 18 and 19 as well, but keep three extended/Lunar Rover missions. Apollo 13 encountered an in-flight spacecraft failure and had to abort its lunar landing in April 1970, returning its crew safely but temporarily grounding the program again. It resumed with four successful landings on Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972). | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"landing",
"was",
"followed",
"by",
"another",
",",
"precision",
"landing",
"on",
"Apollo",
"12",
"in",
"November",
"1969",
".",
"NASA",
"had",
"achieved",
"its",
"first",
"landing",
"goal",
"with",
"enough",
"Apollo",
"spacecraft",
"and",
"Saturn",
"V",
"launchers",
"left",
"for",
"eight",
"follow",
"-",
"on",
"lunar",
"landings",
"through",
"Apollo",
"20",
",",
"conducting",
"extended",
"-",
"endurance",
"missions",
"and",
"transporting",
"the",
"landing",
"crews",
"in",
"Lunar",
"Roving",
"Vehicles",
"on",
"the",
"last",
"five",
".",
"They",
"also",
"planned",
"an",
"Apollo",
"Applications",
"Program",
"to",
"develop",
"a",
"longer",
"-",
"duration",
"Earth",
"orbital",
"workshop",
"(",
"later",
"named",
"Skylab",
")",
"to",
"be",
"constructed",
"in",
"orbit",
"from",
"a",
"spent",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"upper",
"stage",
",",
"using",
"several",
"launches",
"of",
"the",
"smaller",
"Saturn",
"IB",
"launch",
"vehicle",
".",
"But",
"planners",
"soon",
"decided",
"this",
"could",
"be",
"done",
"more",
"efficiently",
"by",
"using",
"the",
"two",
"live",
"stages",
"of",
"a",
"Saturn",
"V",
"to",
"launch",
"the",
"workshop",
"pre",
"-",
"fabricated",
"from",
"an",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"(",
"which",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"third",
"stage",
")",
",",
"which",
"immediately",
"removed",
"Apollo",
"20",
".",
"Belt",
"-",
"tightening",
"budget",
"cuts",
"soon",
"led",
"NASA",
"to",
"cut",
"Apollo",
"18",
"and",
"19",
"as",
"well",
",",
"but",
"keep",
"three",
"extended",
"/",
"Lunar",
"Rover",
"missions",
".",
"Apollo",
"13",
"encountered",
"an",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"spacecraft",
"failure",
"and",
"had",
"to",
"abort",
"its",
"lunar",
"landing",
"in",
"April",
"1970",
",",
"returning",
"its",
"crew",
"safely",
"but",
"temporarily",
"grounding",
"the",
"program",
"again",
".",
"It",
"resumed",
"with",
"four",
"successful",
"landings",
"on",
"Apollo",
"14",
"(",
"February",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"15",
"(",
"July",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"16",
"(",
"April",
"1972",
")",
",",
"and",
"Apollo",
"17",
"(",
"December",
"1972",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
18,
22,
31,
34,
41,
43,
53,
61,
64,
71,
74,
77,
86,
90,
92,
97,
101,
110,
114,
120,
128,
133,
138,
145,
152,
163,
167,
174,
176,
186,
191,
195,
201,
207,
208,
211,
217,
226,
234,
241,
243,
245,
256,
264,
265,
275,
284,
288,
301,
305,
313,
319,
322,
328,
335,
344,
347,
351,
356,
360,
362,
367,
372,
380,
383,
390,
403,
411,
414,
422,
424,
430,
431,
440,
446,
454,
463,
464,
470,
476,
482,
484,
487,
490,
502,
505,
511,
516,
518,
524,
525,
526,
530,
536,
541,
543,
549,
557,
566,
569,
573,
581,
588,
591,
598,
605,
607,
611,
620,
625,
633,
638,
644,
647,
652,
657,
669,
672,
678,
682,
686,
691,
698,
701,
703,
710,
712,
715,
722,
726,
735,
738,
739,
750,
755,
758,
759,
760,
764,
765,
771,
775,
780,
784,
791,
793,
799,
804,
805,
807,
813,
825,
833,
840,
842,
844,
848,
849,
860,
867,
872,
877,
881,
886,
889,
893,
900,
903,
907,
910,
913,
917,
919,
923,
928,
934,
942,
943,
949,
955,
963,
965,
972,
975,
987,
990,
992,
993,
1000,
1011,
1019,
1023,
1027,
1030,
1036,
1040,
1046,
1054,
1057,
1063,
1067,
1069,
1079,
1083,
1088,
1095,
1099,
1111,
1121,
1125,
1133,
1138,
1140,
1143,
1151,
1156,
1161,
1172,
1181,
1184,
1191,
1194,
1195,
1204,
1208,
1209,
1211,
1218,
1221,
1222,
1227,
1231,
1232,
1234,
1241,
1244,
1245,
1251,
1255,
1256,
1258,
1262,
1269,
1272,
1273,
1282,
1286,
1287
]
} | 7a404cd57da848cbb0a0e6b3ceb547c6 | Apollo 15 landed on the Moon on what date? | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"15",
"landed",
"on",
"the",
"Moon",
"on",
"what",
"date",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
17,
20,
24,
29,
32,
37,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"July 1971"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
1222
],
"end": [
1230
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
232
],
"end": [
233
]
}
]
} | [
"July 1971"
] |
SQuAD | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews in Lunar Roving Vehicles on the last five. They also planned an Apollo Applications Program to develop a longer-duration Earth orbital workshop (later named Skylab) to be constructed in orbit from a spent S-IVB upper stage, using several launches of the smaller Saturn IB launch vehicle. But planners soon decided this could be done more efficiently by using the two live stages of a Saturn V to launch the workshop pre-fabricated from an S-IVB (which was also the Saturn V third stage), which immediately removed Apollo 20. Belt-tightening budget cuts soon led NASA to cut Apollo 18 and 19 as well, but keep three extended/Lunar Rover missions. Apollo 13 encountered an in-flight spacecraft failure and had to abort its lunar landing in April 1970, returning its crew safely but temporarily grounding the program again. It resumed with four successful landings on Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972). | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"landing",
"was",
"followed",
"by",
"another",
",",
"precision",
"landing",
"on",
"Apollo",
"12",
"in",
"November",
"1969",
".",
"NASA",
"had",
"achieved",
"its",
"first",
"landing",
"goal",
"with",
"enough",
"Apollo",
"spacecraft",
"and",
"Saturn",
"V",
"launchers",
"left",
"for",
"eight",
"follow",
"-",
"on",
"lunar",
"landings",
"through",
"Apollo",
"20",
",",
"conducting",
"extended",
"-",
"endurance",
"missions",
"and",
"transporting",
"the",
"landing",
"crews",
"in",
"Lunar",
"Roving",
"Vehicles",
"on",
"the",
"last",
"five",
".",
"They",
"also",
"planned",
"an",
"Apollo",
"Applications",
"Program",
"to",
"develop",
"a",
"longer",
"-",
"duration",
"Earth",
"orbital",
"workshop",
"(",
"later",
"named",
"Skylab",
")",
"to",
"be",
"constructed",
"in",
"orbit",
"from",
"a",
"spent",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"upper",
"stage",
",",
"using",
"several",
"launches",
"of",
"the",
"smaller",
"Saturn",
"IB",
"launch",
"vehicle",
".",
"But",
"planners",
"soon",
"decided",
"this",
"could",
"be",
"done",
"more",
"efficiently",
"by",
"using",
"the",
"two",
"live",
"stages",
"of",
"a",
"Saturn",
"V",
"to",
"launch",
"the",
"workshop",
"pre",
"-",
"fabricated",
"from",
"an",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"(",
"which",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"third",
"stage",
")",
",",
"which",
"immediately",
"removed",
"Apollo",
"20",
".",
"Belt",
"-",
"tightening",
"budget",
"cuts",
"soon",
"led",
"NASA",
"to",
"cut",
"Apollo",
"18",
"and",
"19",
"as",
"well",
",",
"but",
"keep",
"three",
"extended",
"/",
"Lunar",
"Rover",
"missions",
".",
"Apollo",
"13",
"encountered",
"an",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"spacecraft",
"failure",
"and",
"had",
"to",
"abort",
"its",
"lunar",
"landing",
"in",
"April",
"1970",
",",
"returning",
"its",
"crew",
"safely",
"but",
"temporarily",
"grounding",
"the",
"program",
"again",
".",
"It",
"resumed",
"with",
"four",
"successful",
"landings",
"on",
"Apollo",
"14",
"(",
"February",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"15",
"(",
"July",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"16",
"(",
"April",
"1972",
")",
",",
"and",
"Apollo",
"17",
"(",
"December",
"1972",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
18,
22,
31,
34,
41,
43,
53,
61,
64,
71,
74,
77,
86,
90,
92,
97,
101,
110,
114,
120,
128,
133,
138,
145,
152,
163,
167,
174,
176,
186,
191,
195,
201,
207,
208,
211,
217,
226,
234,
241,
243,
245,
256,
264,
265,
275,
284,
288,
301,
305,
313,
319,
322,
328,
335,
344,
347,
351,
356,
360,
362,
367,
372,
380,
383,
390,
403,
411,
414,
422,
424,
430,
431,
440,
446,
454,
463,
464,
470,
476,
482,
484,
487,
490,
502,
505,
511,
516,
518,
524,
525,
526,
530,
536,
541,
543,
549,
557,
566,
569,
573,
581,
588,
591,
598,
605,
607,
611,
620,
625,
633,
638,
644,
647,
652,
657,
669,
672,
678,
682,
686,
691,
698,
701,
703,
710,
712,
715,
722,
726,
735,
738,
739,
750,
755,
758,
759,
760,
764,
765,
771,
775,
780,
784,
791,
793,
799,
804,
805,
807,
813,
825,
833,
840,
842,
844,
848,
849,
860,
867,
872,
877,
881,
886,
889,
893,
900,
903,
907,
910,
913,
917,
919,
923,
928,
934,
942,
943,
949,
955,
963,
965,
972,
975,
987,
990,
992,
993,
1000,
1011,
1019,
1023,
1027,
1030,
1036,
1040,
1046,
1054,
1057,
1063,
1067,
1069,
1079,
1083,
1088,
1095,
1099,
1111,
1121,
1125,
1133,
1138,
1140,
1143,
1151,
1156,
1161,
1172,
1181,
1184,
1191,
1194,
1195,
1204,
1208,
1209,
1211,
1218,
1221,
1222,
1227,
1231,
1232,
1234,
1241,
1244,
1245,
1251,
1255,
1256,
1258,
1262,
1269,
1272,
1273,
1282,
1286,
1287
]
} | 396fb6bd72f24dd095461ad2c49a5040 | On what date was the Apollo 16 successful on landing on the Moon? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"date",
"was",
"the",
"Apollo",
"16",
"successful",
"on",
"landing",
"on",
"the",
"Moon",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
28,
31,
42,
45,
53,
56,
60,
64
]
} | {
"text": [
"April 1972"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
1245
],
"end": [
1254
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
239
],
"end": [
240
]
}
]
} | [
"April 1972"
] |
SQuAD | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews in Lunar Roving Vehicles on the last five. They also planned an Apollo Applications Program to develop a longer-duration Earth orbital workshop (later named Skylab) to be constructed in orbit from a spent S-IVB upper stage, using several launches of the smaller Saturn IB launch vehicle. But planners soon decided this could be done more efficiently by using the two live stages of a Saturn V to launch the workshop pre-fabricated from an S-IVB (which was also the Saturn V third stage), which immediately removed Apollo 20. Belt-tightening budget cuts soon led NASA to cut Apollo 18 and 19 as well, but keep three extended/Lunar Rover missions. Apollo 13 encountered an in-flight spacecraft failure and had to abort its lunar landing in April 1970, returning its crew safely but temporarily grounding the program again. It resumed with four successful landings on Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972). | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"landing",
"was",
"followed",
"by",
"another",
",",
"precision",
"landing",
"on",
"Apollo",
"12",
"in",
"November",
"1969",
".",
"NASA",
"had",
"achieved",
"its",
"first",
"landing",
"goal",
"with",
"enough",
"Apollo",
"spacecraft",
"and",
"Saturn",
"V",
"launchers",
"left",
"for",
"eight",
"follow",
"-",
"on",
"lunar",
"landings",
"through",
"Apollo",
"20",
",",
"conducting",
"extended",
"-",
"endurance",
"missions",
"and",
"transporting",
"the",
"landing",
"crews",
"in",
"Lunar",
"Roving",
"Vehicles",
"on",
"the",
"last",
"five",
".",
"They",
"also",
"planned",
"an",
"Apollo",
"Applications",
"Program",
"to",
"develop",
"a",
"longer",
"-",
"duration",
"Earth",
"orbital",
"workshop",
"(",
"later",
"named",
"Skylab",
")",
"to",
"be",
"constructed",
"in",
"orbit",
"from",
"a",
"spent",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"upper",
"stage",
",",
"using",
"several",
"launches",
"of",
"the",
"smaller",
"Saturn",
"IB",
"launch",
"vehicle",
".",
"But",
"planners",
"soon",
"decided",
"this",
"could",
"be",
"done",
"more",
"efficiently",
"by",
"using",
"the",
"two",
"live",
"stages",
"of",
"a",
"Saturn",
"V",
"to",
"launch",
"the",
"workshop",
"pre",
"-",
"fabricated",
"from",
"an",
"S",
"-",
"IVB",
"(",
"which",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"third",
"stage",
")",
",",
"which",
"immediately",
"removed",
"Apollo",
"20",
".",
"Belt",
"-",
"tightening",
"budget",
"cuts",
"soon",
"led",
"NASA",
"to",
"cut",
"Apollo",
"18",
"and",
"19",
"as",
"well",
",",
"but",
"keep",
"three",
"extended",
"/",
"Lunar",
"Rover",
"missions",
".",
"Apollo",
"13",
"encountered",
"an",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"spacecraft",
"failure",
"and",
"had",
"to",
"abort",
"its",
"lunar",
"landing",
"in",
"April",
"1970",
",",
"returning",
"its",
"crew",
"safely",
"but",
"temporarily",
"grounding",
"the",
"program",
"again",
".",
"It",
"resumed",
"with",
"four",
"successful",
"landings",
"on",
"Apollo",
"14",
"(",
"February",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"15",
"(",
"July",
"1971",
")",
",",
"Apollo",
"16",
"(",
"April",
"1972",
")",
",",
"and",
"Apollo",
"17",
"(",
"December",
"1972",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
18,
22,
31,
34,
41,
43,
53,
61,
64,
71,
74,
77,
86,
90,
92,
97,
101,
110,
114,
120,
128,
133,
138,
145,
152,
163,
167,
174,
176,
186,
191,
195,
201,
207,
208,
211,
217,
226,
234,
241,
243,
245,
256,
264,
265,
275,
284,
288,
301,
305,
313,
319,
322,
328,
335,
344,
347,
351,
356,
360,
362,
367,
372,
380,
383,
390,
403,
411,
414,
422,
424,
430,
431,
440,
446,
454,
463,
464,
470,
476,
482,
484,
487,
490,
502,
505,
511,
516,
518,
524,
525,
526,
530,
536,
541,
543,
549,
557,
566,
569,
573,
581,
588,
591,
598,
605,
607,
611,
620,
625,
633,
638,
644,
647,
652,
657,
669,
672,
678,
682,
686,
691,
698,
701,
703,
710,
712,
715,
722,
726,
735,
738,
739,
750,
755,
758,
759,
760,
764,
765,
771,
775,
780,
784,
791,
793,
799,
804,
805,
807,
813,
825,
833,
840,
842,
844,
848,
849,
860,
867,
872,
877,
881,
886,
889,
893,
900,
903,
907,
910,
913,
917,
919,
923,
928,
934,
942,
943,
949,
955,
963,
965,
972,
975,
987,
990,
992,
993,
1000,
1011,
1019,
1023,
1027,
1030,
1036,
1040,
1046,
1054,
1057,
1063,
1067,
1069,
1079,
1083,
1088,
1095,
1099,
1111,
1121,
1125,
1133,
1138,
1140,
1143,
1151,
1156,
1161,
1172,
1181,
1184,
1191,
1194,
1195,
1204,
1208,
1209,
1211,
1218,
1221,
1222,
1227,
1231,
1232,
1234,
1241,
1244,
1245,
1251,
1255,
1256,
1258,
1262,
1269,
1272,
1273,
1282,
1286,
1287
]
} | 72e39f60a99f4dcaa8e7c7cbd6ecaf07 | Apollo 17 landed on the Moon on which date? | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"17",
"landed",
"on",
"the",
"Moon",
"on",
"which",
"date",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
17,
20,
24,
29,
32,
38,
42
]
} | {
"text": [
"December 1972"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
1273
],
"end": [
1285
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
247
],
"end": [
248
]
}
]
} | [
"December 1972"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | 081056503e4940fb999f8e0bdc9e94d2 | Where is an inn typically located? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"is",
"an",
"inn",
"typically",
"located",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
9,
12,
16,
26,
33
]
} | {
"text": [
"in the country or along a highway"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
110
],
"end": [
142
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
20
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"in the country or along a highway"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | 3391bdf97b10458384254846165e1da8 | In addition to providing for the needs of travelers what was another typical use for an inn? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travelers",
"what",
"was",
"another",
"typical",
"use",
"for",
"an",
"inn",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
12,
15,
25,
29,
33,
39,
42,
52,
57,
61,
69,
77,
81,
85,
88,
91
]
} | {
"text": [
"community gathering places"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
391
],
"end": [
416
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
72
],
"end": [
74
]
}
]
} | [
"community gathering places"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | 101f7695f5444343889a588aff57a1a1 | How old are some of the inns in Europe? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"old",
"are",
"some",
"of",
"the",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
17,
20,
24,
29,
32,
38
]
} | {
"text": [
"several centuries"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
286
],
"end": [
302
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
54
],
"end": [
55
]
}
]
} | [
"several centuries"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | b69920d0038f4dd4bc62e85f9c472a0c | Aside from lodging, what amenities are often offered at inns? | {
"tokens": [
"Aside",
"from",
"lodging",
",",
"what",
"amenities",
"are",
"often",
"offered",
"at",
"inns",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
18,
20,
25,
35,
39,
45,
53,
56,
60
]
} | {
"text": [
"food and drink"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
67
],
"end": [
80
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
12
],
"end": [
14
]
}
]
} | [
"food and drink"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | f25a4e5f349543c69f169ef626e4b230 | What road is an inn often located near? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"road",
"is",
"an",
"inn",
"often",
"located",
"near",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
16,
20,
26,
34,
38
]
} | {
"text": [
"highway"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
136
],
"end": [
142
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
26
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"highway"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | c8be45389ba34b4abbdf5f2921728f77 | How many thousand years ago did the Romans build their road system? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"thousand",
"years",
"ago",
"did",
"the",
"Romans",
"build",
"their",
"road",
"system",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
18,
24,
28,
32,
36,
43,
49,
55,
60,
66
]
} | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
226
],
"end": [
228
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
44
],
"end": [
44
]
}
]
} | [
"two"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | 876fc73e1fbd432596a1d1b0f2752b69 | About how old are the oldest inns in Europe? | {
"tokens": [
"About",
"how",
"old",
"are",
"the",
"oldest",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
14,
18,
22,
29,
34,
37,
43
]
} | {
"text": [
"several centuries"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
286
],
"end": [
302
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
54
],
"end": [
55
]
}
]
} | [
"several centuries"
] |
SQuAD | Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places. | {
"tokens": [
"Inns",
"are",
"buildings",
"where",
"travellers",
"can",
"seek",
"lodging",
"and",
",",
"usually",
",",
"food",
"and",
"drink",
".",
"They",
"are",
"typically",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"or",
"along",
"a",
"highway",
".",
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"they",
"possibly",
"first",
"sprang",
"up",
"when",
"the",
"Romans",
"built",
"a",
"system",
"of",
"roads",
"two",
"millennia",
"ago.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Some",
"inns",
"in",
"Europe",
"are",
"several",
"centuries",
"old",
".",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"providing",
"for",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"travellers",
",",
"inns",
"traditionally",
"acted",
"as",
"community",
"gathering",
"places",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
25,
36,
40,
45,
53,
56,
58,
65,
67,
72,
76,
81,
83,
88,
92,
102,
110,
113,
117,
125,
128,
134,
136,
143,
145,
148,
154,
156,
161,
170,
176,
183,
186,
191,
195,
202,
208,
210,
217,
220,
226,
230,
240,
254,
260,
262,
267,
272,
275,
282,
286,
294,
304,
307,
309,
312,
321,
324,
334,
338,
342,
348,
351,
361,
363,
368,
382,
388,
391,
401,
411,
417
]
} | 690182cbb12643f2bc105ca355fca316 | What role did inns serve other than housing travelers? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"role",
"did",
"inns",
"serve",
"other",
"than",
"housing",
"travelers",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
14,
19,
25,
31,
36,
44,
53
]
} | {
"text": [
"community gathering places"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
391
],
"end": [
416
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
72
],
"end": [
74
]
}
]
} | [
"community gathering places"
] |
SQuAD | In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"provision",
"of",
"accommodation",
",",
"if",
"anything",
",",
"that",
"now",
"distinguishes",
"inns",
"from",
"taverns",
",",
"alehouses",
"and",
"pubs",
".",
"The",
"latter",
"tend",
"to",
"provide",
"alcohol",
"(",
"and",
",",
"in",
"the",
"UK",
",",
"soft",
"drinks",
"and",
"often",
"food",
")",
",",
"but",
"less",
"commonly",
"accommodation",
".",
"Inns",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"older",
"and",
"grander",
"establishments",
":",
"historically",
"they",
"provided",
"not",
"only",
"food",
"and",
"lodging",
",",
"but",
"also",
"stabling",
"and",
"fodder",
"for",
"the",
"traveller",
"'s",
"horse(s",
")",
"and",
"on",
"some",
"roads",
"fresh",
"horses",
"for",
"the",
"mail",
"coach",
".",
"Famous",
"London",
"inns",
"include",
"The",
"George",
",",
"Southwark",
"and",
"The",
"Tabard",
".",
"There",
"is",
"however",
"no",
"longer",
"a",
"formal",
"distinction",
"between",
"an",
"inn",
"and",
"other",
"kinds",
"of",
"establishment",
".",
"Many",
"pubs",
"use",
"\"",
"Inn",
"\"",
"in",
"their",
"name",
",",
"either",
"because",
"they",
"are",
"long",
"established",
"former",
"coaching",
"inns",
",",
"or",
"to",
"summon",
"up",
"a",
"particular",
"kind",
"of",
"image",
",",
"or",
"in",
"many",
"cases",
"simply",
"as",
"a",
"pun",
"on",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"in",
"\"",
",",
"as",
"in",
"\"",
"The",
"Welcome",
"Inn",
"\"",
",",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"many",
"pubs",
"in",
"Scotland",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
11,
14,
17,
21,
31,
34,
47,
49,
52,
60,
62,
67,
71,
85,
90,
95,
102,
104,
114,
118,
122,
124,
128,
135,
140,
143,
151,
159,
160,
163,
165,
168,
172,
174,
176,
181,
188,
192,
198,
202,
203,
205,
209,
214,
223,
236,
238,
243,
248,
251,
254,
260,
264,
272,
286,
288,
301,
306,
315,
319,
324,
329,
333,
340,
342,
346,
351,
360,
364,
371,
375,
379,
388,
391,
398,
400,
404,
407,
412,
418,
424,
431,
435,
439,
444,
449,
451,
458,
465,
470,
478,
482,
488,
490,
500,
504,
508,
514,
516,
522,
525,
533,
536,
543,
545,
552,
564,
572,
575,
579,
583,
589,
595,
598,
611,
613,
618,
623,
627,
628,
631,
633,
636,
642,
646,
648,
655,
663,
668,
672,
677,
689,
696,
705,
709,
711,
714,
717,
724,
727,
729,
740,
745,
748,
753,
755,
758,
761,
766,
772,
779,
782,
784,
788,
791,
795,
800,
801,
803,
804,
806,
809,
812,
813,
817,
825,
828,
829,
831,
835,
840,
843,
848,
853,
856,
864
]
} | 9eaf6f11404b4edab2ee03ea8961cdb9 | What amenity does an inn offer that pubs, alehouses and taverns usually do not? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"amenity",
"does",
"an",
"inn",
"offer",
"that",
"pubs",
",",
"alehouses",
"and",
"taverns",
"usually",
"do",
"not",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
13,
18,
21,
25,
31,
36,
40,
42,
52,
56,
64,
72,
75,
78
]
} | {
"text": [
"accommodation"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
34
],
"end": [
46
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
8
],
"end": [
8
]
}
]
} | [
"accommodation"
] |
SQuAD | In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"provision",
"of",
"accommodation",
",",
"if",
"anything",
",",
"that",
"now",
"distinguishes",
"inns",
"from",
"taverns",
",",
"alehouses",
"and",
"pubs",
".",
"The",
"latter",
"tend",
"to",
"provide",
"alcohol",
"(",
"and",
",",
"in",
"the",
"UK",
",",
"soft",
"drinks",
"and",
"often",
"food",
")",
",",
"but",
"less",
"commonly",
"accommodation",
".",
"Inns",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"older",
"and",
"grander",
"establishments",
":",
"historically",
"they",
"provided",
"not",
"only",
"food",
"and",
"lodging",
",",
"but",
"also",
"stabling",
"and",
"fodder",
"for",
"the",
"traveller",
"'s",
"horse(s",
")",
"and",
"on",
"some",
"roads",
"fresh",
"horses",
"for",
"the",
"mail",
"coach",
".",
"Famous",
"London",
"inns",
"include",
"The",
"George",
",",
"Southwark",
"and",
"The",
"Tabard",
".",
"There",
"is",
"however",
"no",
"longer",
"a",
"formal",
"distinction",
"between",
"an",
"inn",
"and",
"other",
"kinds",
"of",
"establishment",
".",
"Many",
"pubs",
"use",
"\"",
"Inn",
"\"",
"in",
"their",
"name",
",",
"either",
"because",
"they",
"are",
"long",
"established",
"former",
"coaching",
"inns",
",",
"or",
"to",
"summon",
"up",
"a",
"particular",
"kind",
"of",
"image",
",",
"or",
"in",
"many",
"cases",
"simply",
"as",
"a",
"pun",
"on",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"in",
"\"",
",",
"as",
"in",
"\"",
"The",
"Welcome",
"Inn",
"\"",
",",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"many",
"pubs",
"in",
"Scotland",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
11,
14,
17,
21,
31,
34,
47,
49,
52,
60,
62,
67,
71,
85,
90,
95,
102,
104,
114,
118,
122,
124,
128,
135,
140,
143,
151,
159,
160,
163,
165,
168,
172,
174,
176,
181,
188,
192,
198,
202,
203,
205,
209,
214,
223,
236,
238,
243,
248,
251,
254,
260,
264,
272,
286,
288,
301,
306,
315,
319,
324,
329,
333,
340,
342,
346,
351,
360,
364,
371,
375,
379,
388,
391,
398,
400,
404,
407,
412,
418,
424,
431,
435,
439,
444,
449,
451,
458,
465,
470,
478,
482,
488,
490,
500,
504,
508,
514,
516,
522,
525,
533,
536,
543,
545,
552,
564,
572,
575,
579,
583,
589,
595,
598,
611,
613,
618,
623,
627,
628,
631,
633,
636,
642,
646,
648,
655,
663,
668,
672,
677,
689,
696,
705,
709,
711,
714,
717,
724,
727,
729,
740,
745,
748,
753,
755,
758,
761,
766,
772,
779,
782,
784,
788,
791,
795,
800,
801,
803,
804,
806,
809,
812,
813,
817,
825,
828,
829,
831,
835,
840,
843,
848,
853,
856,
864
]
} | ea876e39e9b0402c867109adb9b1204e | In what nation's pubs is food often served? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"nation",
"'s",
"pubs",
"is",
"food",
"often",
"served",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
14,
17,
22,
25,
30,
36,
42
]
} | {
"text": [
"the UK"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
168
],
"end": [
173
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
34
],
"end": [
35
]
}
]
} | [
"the UK"
] |
SQuAD | In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"provision",
"of",
"accommodation",
",",
"if",
"anything",
",",
"that",
"now",
"distinguishes",
"inns",
"from",
"taverns",
",",
"alehouses",
"and",
"pubs",
".",
"The",
"latter",
"tend",
"to",
"provide",
"alcohol",
"(",
"and",
",",
"in",
"the",
"UK",
",",
"soft",
"drinks",
"and",
"often",
"food",
")",
",",
"but",
"less",
"commonly",
"accommodation",
".",
"Inns",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"older",
"and",
"grander",
"establishments",
":",
"historically",
"they",
"provided",
"not",
"only",
"food",
"and",
"lodging",
",",
"but",
"also",
"stabling",
"and",
"fodder",
"for",
"the",
"traveller",
"'s",
"horse(s",
")",
"and",
"on",
"some",
"roads",
"fresh",
"horses",
"for",
"the",
"mail",
"coach",
".",
"Famous",
"London",
"inns",
"include",
"The",
"George",
",",
"Southwark",
"and",
"The",
"Tabard",
".",
"There",
"is",
"however",
"no",
"longer",
"a",
"formal",
"distinction",
"between",
"an",
"inn",
"and",
"other",
"kinds",
"of",
"establishment",
".",
"Many",
"pubs",
"use",
"\"",
"Inn",
"\"",
"in",
"their",
"name",
",",
"either",
"because",
"they",
"are",
"long",
"established",
"former",
"coaching",
"inns",
",",
"or",
"to",
"summon",
"up",
"a",
"particular",
"kind",
"of",
"image",
",",
"or",
"in",
"many",
"cases",
"simply",
"as",
"a",
"pun",
"on",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"in",
"\"",
",",
"as",
"in",
"\"",
"The",
"Welcome",
"Inn",
"\"",
",",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"many",
"pubs",
"in",
"Scotland",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
11,
14,
17,
21,
31,
34,
47,
49,
52,
60,
62,
67,
71,
85,
90,
95,
102,
104,
114,
118,
122,
124,
128,
135,
140,
143,
151,
159,
160,
163,
165,
168,
172,
174,
176,
181,
188,
192,
198,
202,
203,
205,
209,
214,
223,
236,
238,
243,
248,
251,
254,
260,
264,
272,
286,
288,
301,
306,
315,
319,
324,
329,
333,
340,
342,
346,
351,
360,
364,
371,
375,
379,
388,
391,
398,
400,
404,
407,
412,
418,
424,
431,
435,
439,
444,
449,
451,
458,
465,
470,
478,
482,
488,
490,
500,
504,
508,
514,
516,
522,
525,
533,
536,
543,
545,
552,
564,
572,
575,
579,
583,
589,
595,
598,
611,
613,
618,
623,
627,
628,
631,
633,
636,
642,
646,
648,
655,
663,
668,
672,
677,
689,
696,
705,
709,
711,
714,
717,
724,
727,
729,
740,
745,
748,
753,
755,
758,
761,
766,
772,
779,
782,
784,
788,
791,
795,
800,
801,
803,
804,
806,
809,
812,
813,
817,
825,
828,
829,
831,
835,
840,
843,
848,
853,
856,
864
]
} | 789668335d584ab091895126544e350e | Along with Southwark and The Tabard, what is a notable London inn? | {
"tokens": [
"Along",
"with",
"Southwark",
"and",
"The",
"Tabard",
",",
"what",
"is",
"a",
"notable",
"London",
"inn",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
21,
25,
29,
35,
37,
42,
45,
47,
55,
62,
65
]
} | {
"text": [
"The George"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
478
],
"end": [
487
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
93
],
"end": [
94
]
}
]
} | [
"The George"
] |
SQuAD | In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"provision",
"of",
"accommodation",
",",
"if",
"anything",
",",
"that",
"now",
"distinguishes",
"inns",
"from",
"taverns",
",",
"alehouses",
"and",
"pubs",
".",
"The",
"latter",
"tend",
"to",
"provide",
"alcohol",
"(",
"and",
",",
"in",
"the",
"UK",
",",
"soft",
"drinks",
"and",
"often",
"food",
")",
",",
"but",
"less",
"commonly",
"accommodation",
".",
"Inns",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"older",
"and",
"grander",
"establishments",
":",
"historically",
"they",
"provided",
"not",
"only",
"food",
"and",
"lodging",
",",
"but",
"also",
"stabling",
"and",
"fodder",
"for",
"the",
"traveller",
"'s",
"horse(s",
")",
"and",
"on",
"some",
"roads",
"fresh",
"horses",
"for",
"the",
"mail",
"coach",
".",
"Famous",
"London",
"inns",
"include",
"The",
"George",
",",
"Southwark",
"and",
"The",
"Tabard",
".",
"There",
"is",
"however",
"no",
"longer",
"a",
"formal",
"distinction",
"between",
"an",
"inn",
"and",
"other",
"kinds",
"of",
"establishment",
".",
"Many",
"pubs",
"use",
"\"",
"Inn",
"\"",
"in",
"their",
"name",
",",
"either",
"because",
"they",
"are",
"long",
"established",
"former",
"coaching",
"inns",
",",
"or",
"to",
"summon",
"up",
"a",
"particular",
"kind",
"of",
"image",
",",
"or",
"in",
"many",
"cases",
"simply",
"as",
"a",
"pun",
"on",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"in",
"\"",
",",
"as",
"in",
"\"",
"The",
"Welcome",
"Inn",
"\"",
",",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"many",
"pubs",
"in",
"Scotland",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
11,
14,
17,
21,
31,
34,
47,
49,
52,
60,
62,
67,
71,
85,
90,
95,
102,
104,
114,
118,
122,
124,
128,
135,
140,
143,
151,
159,
160,
163,
165,
168,
172,
174,
176,
181,
188,
192,
198,
202,
203,
205,
209,
214,
223,
236,
238,
243,
248,
251,
254,
260,
264,
272,
286,
288,
301,
306,
315,
319,
324,
329,
333,
340,
342,
346,
351,
360,
364,
371,
375,
379,
388,
391,
398,
400,
404,
407,
412,
418,
424,
431,
435,
439,
444,
449,
451,
458,
465,
470,
478,
482,
488,
490,
500,
504,
508,
514,
516,
522,
525,
533,
536,
543,
545,
552,
564,
572,
575,
579,
583,
589,
595,
598,
611,
613,
618,
623,
627,
628,
631,
633,
636,
642,
646,
648,
655,
663,
668,
672,
677,
689,
696,
705,
709,
711,
714,
717,
724,
727,
729,
740,
745,
748,
753,
755,
758,
761,
766,
772,
779,
782,
784,
788,
791,
795,
800,
801,
803,
804,
806,
809,
812,
813,
817,
825,
828,
829,
831,
835,
840,
843,
848,
853,
856,
864
]
} | 9a12c8ed7aaf478db4591572ca82e3bb | In what country is "The Welcome Inn" frequently used as a name for pubs? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"country",
"is",
"\"",
"The",
"Welcome",
"Inn",
"\"",
"frequently",
"used",
"as",
"a",
"name",
"for",
"pubs",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
16,
19,
20,
24,
32,
35,
37,
48,
53,
56,
58,
63,
67,
71
]
} | {
"text": [
"Scotland"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
856
],
"end": [
863
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
177
],
"end": [
177
]
}
]
} | [
"Scotland"
] |
SQuAD | In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"Europe",
",",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"provision",
"of",
"accommodation",
",",
"if",
"anything",
",",
"that",
"now",
"distinguishes",
"inns",
"from",
"taverns",
",",
"alehouses",
"and",
"pubs",
".",
"The",
"latter",
"tend",
"to",
"provide",
"alcohol",
"(",
"and",
",",
"in",
"the",
"UK",
",",
"soft",
"drinks",
"and",
"often",
"food",
")",
",",
"but",
"less",
"commonly",
"accommodation",
".",
"Inns",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"older",
"and",
"grander",
"establishments",
":",
"historically",
"they",
"provided",
"not",
"only",
"food",
"and",
"lodging",
",",
"but",
"also",
"stabling",
"and",
"fodder",
"for",
"the",
"traveller",
"'s",
"horse(s",
")",
"and",
"on",
"some",
"roads",
"fresh",
"horses",
"for",
"the",
"mail",
"coach",
".",
"Famous",
"London",
"inns",
"include",
"The",
"George",
",",
"Southwark",
"and",
"The",
"Tabard",
".",
"There",
"is",
"however",
"no",
"longer",
"a",
"formal",
"distinction",
"between",
"an",
"inn",
"and",
"other",
"kinds",
"of",
"establishment",
".",
"Many",
"pubs",
"use",
"\"",
"Inn",
"\"",
"in",
"their",
"name",
",",
"either",
"because",
"they",
"are",
"long",
"established",
"former",
"coaching",
"inns",
",",
"or",
"to",
"summon",
"up",
"a",
"particular",
"kind",
"of",
"image",
",",
"or",
"in",
"many",
"cases",
"simply",
"as",
"a",
"pun",
"on",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"in",
"\"",
",",
"as",
"in",
"\"",
"The",
"Welcome",
"Inn",
"\"",
",",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"many",
"pubs",
"in",
"Scotland",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
11,
14,
17,
21,
31,
34,
47,
49,
52,
60,
62,
67,
71,
85,
90,
95,
102,
104,
114,
118,
122,
124,
128,
135,
140,
143,
151,
159,
160,
163,
165,
168,
172,
174,
176,
181,
188,
192,
198,
202,
203,
205,
209,
214,
223,
236,
238,
243,
248,
251,
254,
260,
264,
272,
286,
288,
301,
306,
315,
319,
324,
329,
333,
340,
342,
346,
351,
360,
364,
371,
375,
379,
388,
391,
398,
400,
404,
407,
412,
418,
424,
431,
435,
439,
444,
449,
451,
458,
465,
470,
478,
482,
488,
490,
500,
504,
508,
514,
516,
522,
525,
533,
536,
543,
545,
552,
564,
572,
575,
579,
583,
589,
595,
598,
611,
613,
618,
623,
627,
628,
631,
633,
636,
642,
646,
648,
655,
663,
668,
672,
677,
689,
696,
705,
709,
711,
714,
717,
724,
727,
729,
740,
745,
748,
753,
755,
758,
761,
766,
772,
779,
782,
784,
788,
791,
795,
800,
801,
803,
804,
806,
809,
812,
813,
817,
825,
828,
829,
831,
835,
840,
843,
848,
853,
856,
864
]
} | 435a49cdfaae4194b53b60b55db5832e | Aside from human beings, what creature's needs were traditionally seen to at inns? | {
"tokens": [
"Aside",
"from",
"human",
"beings",
",",
"what",
"creature",
"'s",
"needs",
"were",
"traditionally",
"seen",
"to",
"at",
"inns",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
17,
23,
25,
30,
38,
41,
47,
52,
66,
71,
74,
77,
81
]
} | {
"text": [
"horses"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
424
],
"end": [
429
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
83
],
"end": [
83
]
}
]
} | [
"horses"
] |
SQuAD | Detailed licensing records were kept, giving the Public House, its address, owner, licensee and misdemeanours of the licensees, often going back for hundreds of years[citation needed]. Many of these records survive and can be viewed, for example, at the London Metropolitan Archives centre. | {
"tokens": [
"Detailed",
"licensing",
"records",
"were",
"kept",
",",
"giving",
"the",
"Public",
"House",
",",
"its",
"address",
",",
"owner",
",",
"licensee",
"and",
"misdemeanours",
"of",
"the",
"licensees",
",",
"often",
"going",
"back",
"for",
"hundreds",
"of",
"years[citation",
"needed].",
"Many",
"of",
"these",
"records",
"survive",
"and",
"can",
"be",
"viewed",
",",
"for",
"example",
",",
"at",
"the",
"London",
"Metropolitan",
"Archives",
"centre",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
19,
27,
32,
36,
38,
45,
49,
56,
61,
63,
67,
74,
76,
81,
83,
92,
96,
110,
113,
117,
126,
128,
134,
140,
145,
149,
158,
161,
176,
185,
190,
193,
199,
207,
215,
219,
223,
226,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
250,
254,
261,
274,
283,
289
]
} | 6f6349e2b22e452abccebecf1201624f | Where can historical licensing records be examined? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"can",
"historical",
"licensing",
"records",
"be",
"examined",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
21,
31,
39,
42,
50
]
} | {
"text": [
"London Metropolitan Archives centre"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
254
],
"end": [
288
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
46
],
"end": [
49
]
}
]
} | [
"London Metropolitan Archives centre"
] |
SQuAD | Detailed licensing records were kept, giving the Public House, its address, owner, licensee and misdemeanours of the licensees, often going back for hundreds of years[citation needed]. Many of these records survive and can be viewed, for example, at the London Metropolitan Archives centre. | {
"tokens": [
"Detailed",
"licensing",
"records",
"were",
"kept",
",",
"giving",
"the",
"Public",
"House",
",",
"its",
"address",
",",
"owner",
",",
"licensee",
"and",
"misdemeanours",
"of",
"the",
"licensees",
",",
"often",
"going",
"back",
"for",
"hundreds",
"of",
"years[citation",
"needed].",
"Many",
"of",
"these",
"records",
"survive",
"and",
"can",
"be",
"viewed",
",",
"for",
"example",
",",
"at",
"the",
"London",
"Metropolitan",
"Archives",
"centre",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
19,
27,
32,
36,
38,
45,
49,
56,
61,
63,
67,
74,
76,
81,
83,
92,
96,
110,
113,
117,
126,
128,
134,
140,
145,
149,
158,
161,
176,
185,
190,
193,
199,
207,
215,
219,
223,
226,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
250,
254,
261,
274,
283,
289
]
} | 205ee73f47ca43bdbedcf0534e70449a | Along with a public house's address, licensee, and the licensee's misdemeanors, what information was kept in licensing records? | {
"tokens": [
"Along",
"with",
"a",
"public",
"house",
"'s",
"address",
",",
"licensee",
",",
"and",
"the",
"licensee",
"'s",
"misdemeanors",
",",
"what",
"information",
"was",
"kept",
"in",
"licensing",
"records",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
13,
20,
25,
28,
35,
37,
45,
47,
51,
55,
63,
66,
78,
80,
85,
97,
101,
106,
109,
119,
126
]
} | {
"text": [
"owner"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
76
],
"end": [
80
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
14
],
"end": [
14
]
}
]
} | [
"owner"
] |
SQuAD | In the first year, 400 beer houses opened and within eight years there were 46,000 across the country, far outnumbering the combined total of long-established taverns, pubs, inns and hotels. Because it was so easy to obtain permission and the profits could be huge compared to the low cost of gaining permission, the number of beer houses was continuing to rise and in some towns nearly every other house in a street could be a beer house. Finally in 1869 the growth had to be checked by magisterial control and new licensing laws were introduced. Only then was it made harder to get a licence, and the licensing laws which operate today were formulated. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"first",
"year",
",",
"400",
"beer",
"houses",
"opened",
"and",
"within",
"eight",
"years",
"there",
"were",
"46,000",
"across",
"the",
"country",
",",
"far",
"outnumbering",
"the",
"combined",
"total",
"of",
"long",
"-",
"established",
"taverns",
",",
"pubs",
",",
"inns",
"and",
"hotels",
".",
"Because",
"it",
"was",
"so",
"easy",
"to",
"obtain",
"permission",
"and",
"the",
"profits",
"could",
"be",
"huge",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"low",
"cost",
"of",
"gaining",
"permission",
",",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"beer",
"houses",
"was",
"continuing",
"to",
"rise",
"and",
"in",
"some",
"towns",
"nearly",
"every",
"other",
"house",
"in",
"a",
"street",
"could",
"be",
"a",
"beer",
"house",
".",
"Finally",
"in",
"1869",
"the",
"growth",
"had",
"to",
"be",
"checked",
"by",
"magisterial",
"control",
"and",
"new",
"licensing",
"laws",
"were",
"introduced",
".",
"Only",
"then",
"was",
"it",
"made",
"harder",
"to",
"get",
"a",
"licence",
",",
"and",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"which",
"operate",
"today",
"were",
"formulated",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
17,
19,
23,
28,
35,
42,
46,
53,
59,
65,
71,
76,
83,
90,
94,
101,
103,
107,
120,
124,
133,
139,
142,
146,
147,
159,
166,
168,
172,
174,
179,
183,
189,
191,
199,
202,
206,
209,
214,
217,
224,
235,
239,
243,
251,
257,
260,
265,
274,
277,
281,
285,
290,
293,
301,
311,
313,
317,
324,
327,
332,
339,
343,
354,
357,
362,
366,
369,
374,
380,
387,
393,
399,
405,
408,
410,
417,
423,
426,
428,
433,
438,
440,
448,
451,
456,
460,
467,
471,
474,
477,
485,
488,
500,
508,
512,
516,
526,
531,
536,
546,
548,
553,
558,
562,
565,
570,
577,
580,
584,
586,
593,
595,
599,
603,
613,
618,
624,
632,
638,
643,
653
]
} | 374f45b160104937bc41923b4e599771 | How many beer houses opened their doors in the inaugural year of the Beer Act? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"beer",
"houses",
"opened",
"their",
"doors",
"in",
"the",
"inaugural",
"year",
"of",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
14,
21,
28,
34,
40,
43,
47,
57,
62,
65,
69,
74,
77
]
} | {
"text": [
"400"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
19
],
"end": [
21
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
5
],
"end": [
5
]
}
]
} | [
"400"
] |
SQuAD | In the first year, 400 beer houses opened and within eight years there were 46,000 across the country, far outnumbering the combined total of long-established taverns, pubs, inns and hotels. Because it was so easy to obtain permission and the profits could be huge compared to the low cost of gaining permission, the number of beer houses was continuing to rise and in some towns nearly every other house in a street could be a beer house. Finally in 1869 the growth had to be checked by magisterial control and new licensing laws were introduced. Only then was it made harder to get a licence, and the licensing laws which operate today were formulated. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"first",
"year",
",",
"400",
"beer",
"houses",
"opened",
"and",
"within",
"eight",
"years",
"there",
"were",
"46,000",
"across",
"the",
"country",
",",
"far",
"outnumbering",
"the",
"combined",
"total",
"of",
"long",
"-",
"established",
"taverns",
",",
"pubs",
",",
"inns",
"and",
"hotels",
".",
"Because",
"it",
"was",
"so",
"easy",
"to",
"obtain",
"permission",
"and",
"the",
"profits",
"could",
"be",
"huge",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"low",
"cost",
"of",
"gaining",
"permission",
",",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"beer",
"houses",
"was",
"continuing",
"to",
"rise",
"and",
"in",
"some",
"towns",
"nearly",
"every",
"other",
"house",
"in",
"a",
"street",
"could",
"be",
"a",
"beer",
"house",
".",
"Finally",
"in",
"1869",
"the",
"growth",
"had",
"to",
"be",
"checked",
"by",
"magisterial",
"control",
"and",
"new",
"licensing",
"laws",
"were",
"introduced",
".",
"Only",
"then",
"was",
"it",
"made",
"harder",
"to",
"get",
"a",
"licence",
",",
"and",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"which",
"operate",
"today",
"were",
"formulated",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
17,
19,
23,
28,
35,
42,
46,
53,
59,
65,
71,
76,
83,
90,
94,
101,
103,
107,
120,
124,
133,
139,
142,
146,
147,
159,
166,
168,
172,
174,
179,
183,
189,
191,
199,
202,
206,
209,
214,
217,
224,
235,
239,
243,
251,
257,
260,
265,
274,
277,
281,
285,
290,
293,
301,
311,
313,
317,
324,
327,
332,
339,
343,
354,
357,
362,
366,
369,
374,
380,
387,
393,
399,
405,
408,
410,
417,
423,
426,
428,
433,
438,
440,
448,
451,
456,
460,
467,
471,
474,
477,
485,
488,
500,
508,
512,
516,
526,
531,
536,
546,
548,
553,
558,
562,
565,
570,
577,
580,
584,
586,
593,
595,
599,
603,
613,
618,
624,
632,
638,
643,
653
]
} | a92093abd06148328eaea36a509fe89f | How many beer houses existed throughout Britain eight years after the passage of the Beer Act? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"beer",
"houses",
"existed",
"throughout",
"Britain",
"eight",
"years",
"after",
"the",
"passage",
"of",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
14,
21,
29,
40,
48,
54,
60,
66,
70,
78,
81,
85,
90,
93
]
} | {
"text": [
"46,000"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
76
],
"end": [
81
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
15
],
"end": [
15
]
}
]
} | [
"46,000"
] |
SQuAD | In the first year, 400 beer houses opened and within eight years there were 46,000 across the country, far outnumbering the combined total of long-established taverns, pubs, inns and hotels. Because it was so easy to obtain permission and the profits could be huge compared to the low cost of gaining permission, the number of beer houses was continuing to rise and in some towns nearly every other house in a street could be a beer house. Finally in 1869 the growth had to be checked by magisterial control and new licensing laws were introduced. Only then was it made harder to get a licence, and the licensing laws which operate today were formulated. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"first",
"year",
",",
"400",
"beer",
"houses",
"opened",
"and",
"within",
"eight",
"years",
"there",
"were",
"46,000",
"across",
"the",
"country",
",",
"far",
"outnumbering",
"the",
"combined",
"total",
"of",
"long",
"-",
"established",
"taverns",
",",
"pubs",
",",
"inns",
"and",
"hotels",
".",
"Because",
"it",
"was",
"so",
"easy",
"to",
"obtain",
"permission",
"and",
"the",
"profits",
"could",
"be",
"huge",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"low",
"cost",
"of",
"gaining",
"permission",
",",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"beer",
"houses",
"was",
"continuing",
"to",
"rise",
"and",
"in",
"some",
"towns",
"nearly",
"every",
"other",
"house",
"in",
"a",
"street",
"could",
"be",
"a",
"beer",
"house",
".",
"Finally",
"in",
"1869",
"the",
"growth",
"had",
"to",
"be",
"checked",
"by",
"magisterial",
"control",
"and",
"new",
"licensing",
"laws",
"were",
"introduced",
".",
"Only",
"then",
"was",
"it",
"made",
"harder",
"to",
"get",
"a",
"licence",
",",
"and",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"which",
"operate",
"today",
"were",
"formulated",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
17,
19,
23,
28,
35,
42,
46,
53,
59,
65,
71,
76,
83,
90,
94,
101,
103,
107,
120,
124,
133,
139,
142,
146,
147,
159,
166,
168,
172,
174,
179,
183,
189,
191,
199,
202,
206,
209,
214,
217,
224,
235,
239,
243,
251,
257,
260,
265,
274,
277,
281,
285,
290,
293,
301,
311,
313,
317,
324,
327,
332,
339,
343,
354,
357,
362,
366,
369,
374,
380,
387,
393,
399,
405,
408,
410,
417,
423,
426,
428,
433,
438,
440,
448,
451,
456,
460,
467,
471,
474,
477,
485,
488,
500,
508,
512,
516,
526,
531,
536,
546,
548,
553,
558,
562,
565,
570,
577,
580,
584,
586,
593,
595,
599,
603,
613,
618,
624,
632,
638,
643,
653
]
} | 3f9d42e2d62c4f4888b1b95ecfd70240 | In what year were additional licensing laws introduced for beer houses? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"were",
"additional",
"licensing",
"laws",
"introduced",
"for",
"beer",
"houses",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
18,
29,
39,
44,
55,
59,
64,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"1869"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
451
],
"end": [
454
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
88
],
"end": [
88
]
}
]
} | [
"1869"
] |
SQuAD | By the early 19th century, encouraged by lower duties on gin, the gin houses or "Gin Palaces" had spread from London to most cities and towns in Britain, with most of the new establishments illegal and unlicensed. These bawdy, loud and unruly drinking dens so often described by Charles Dickens in his Sketches by Boz (published 1835–1836) increasingly came to be held as unbridled cesspits of immorality or crime and the source of much ill-health and alcoholism among the working classes. | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
",",
"encouraged",
"by",
"lower",
"duties",
"on",
"gin",
",",
"the",
"gin",
"houses",
"or",
"\"",
"Gin",
"Palaces",
"\"",
"had",
"spread",
"from",
"London",
"to",
"most",
"cities",
"and",
"towns",
"in",
"Britain",
",",
"with",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"new",
"establishments",
"illegal",
"and",
"unlicensed",
".",
"These",
"bawdy",
",",
"loud",
"and",
"unruly",
"drinking",
"dens",
"so",
"often",
"described",
"by",
"Charles",
"Dickens",
"in",
"his",
"Sketches",
"by",
"Boz",
"(",
"published",
"1835–1836",
")",
"increasingly",
"came",
"to",
"be",
"held",
"as",
"unbridled",
"cesspits",
"of",
"immorality",
"or",
"crime",
"and",
"the",
"source",
"of",
"much",
"ill",
"-",
"health",
"and",
"alcoholism",
"among",
"the",
"working",
"classes",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
18,
25,
27,
38,
41,
47,
54,
57,
60,
62,
66,
70,
77,
80,
81,
85,
92,
94,
98,
105,
110,
117,
120,
125,
132,
136,
142,
145,
152,
154,
159,
164,
167,
171,
175,
190,
198,
202,
212,
214,
220,
225,
227,
232,
236,
243,
252,
257,
260,
266,
276,
279,
287,
295,
298,
302,
311,
314,
318,
319,
329,
338,
340,
353,
358,
361,
364,
369,
372,
382,
391,
394,
405,
408,
414,
418,
422,
429,
432,
437,
440,
441,
448,
452,
463,
469,
473,
481,
488
]
} | 458f669450104b1bb1b35391d13e249e | In what century did gin houses proliferate throughout Britain? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"century",
"did",
"gin",
"houses",
"proliferate",
"throughout",
"Britain",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
16,
20,
24,
31,
43,
54,
61
]
} | {
"text": [
"19th"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
13
],
"end": [
16
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
3
],
"end": [
3
]
}
]
} | [
"19th"
] |
SQuAD | By the early 19th century, encouraged by lower duties on gin, the gin houses or "Gin Palaces" had spread from London to most cities and towns in Britain, with most of the new establishments illegal and unlicensed. These bawdy, loud and unruly drinking dens so often described by Charles Dickens in his Sketches by Boz (published 1835–1836) increasingly came to be held as unbridled cesspits of immorality or crime and the source of much ill-health and alcoholism among the working classes. | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
",",
"encouraged",
"by",
"lower",
"duties",
"on",
"gin",
",",
"the",
"gin",
"houses",
"or",
"\"",
"Gin",
"Palaces",
"\"",
"had",
"spread",
"from",
"London",
"to",
"most",
"cities",
"and",
"towns",
"in",
"Britain",
",",
"with",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"new",
"establishments",
"illegal",
"and",
"unlicensed",
".",
"These",
"bawdy",
",",
"loud",
"and",
"unruly",
"drinking",
"dens",
"so",
"often",
"described",
"by",
"Charles",
"Dickens",
"in",
"his",
"Sketches",
"by",
"Boz",
"(",
"published",
"1835–1836",
")",
"increasingly",
"came",
"to",
"be",
"held",
"as",
"unbridled",
"cesspits",
"of",
"immorality",
"or",
"crime",
"and",
"the",
"source",
"of",
"much",
"ill",
"-",
"health",
"and",
"alcoholism",
"among",
"the",
"working",
"classes",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
18,
25,
27,
38,
41,
47,
54,
57,
60,
62,
66,
70,
77,
80,
81,
85,
92,
94,
98,
105,
110,
117,
120,
125,
132,
136,
142,
145,
152,
154,
159,
164,
167,
171,
175,
190,
198,
202,
212,
214,
220,
225,
227,
232,
236,
243,
252,
257,
260,
266,
276,
279,
287,
295,
298,
302,
311,
314,
318,
319,
329,
338,
340,
353,
358,
361,
364,
369,
372,
382,
391,
394,
405,
408,
414,
418,
422,
429,
432,
437,
440,
441,
448,
452,
463,
469,
473,
481,
488
]
} | 62f6dd8fa0434338b20281635a2ae7bd | What book by Dickens described activities in drinking establishments? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"book",
"by",
"Dickens",
"described",
"activities",
"in",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
21,
31,
42,
45,
54,
68
]
} | {
"text": [
"Sketches by Boz"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
302
],
"end": [
316
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
59
],
"end": [
61
]
}
]
} | [
"Sketches by Boz"
] |
SQuAD | By the early 19th century, encouraged by lower duties on gin, the gin houses or "Gin Palaces" had spread from London to most cities and towns in Britain, with most of the new establishments illegal and unlicensed. These bawdy, loud and unruly drinking dens so often described by Charles Dickens in his Sketches by Boz (published 1835–1836) increasingly came to be held as unbridled cesspits of immorality or crime and the source of much ill-health and alcoholism among the working classes. | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
",",
"encouraged",
"by",
"lower",
"duties",
"on",
"gin",
",",
"the",
"gin",
"houses",
"or",
"\"",
"Gin",
"Palaces",
"\"",
"had",
"spread",
"from",
"London",
"to",
"most",
"cities",
"and",
"towns",
"in",
"Britain",
",",
"with",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"new",
"establishments",
"illegal",
"and",
"unlicensed",
".",
"These",
"bawdy",
",",
"loud",
"and",
"unruly",
"drinking",
"dens",
"so",
"often",
"described",
"by",
"Charles",
"Dickens",
"in",
"his",
"Sketches",
"by",
"Boz",
"(",
"published",
"1835–1836",
")",
"increasingly",
"came",
"to",
"be",
"held",
"as",
"unbridled",
"cesspits",
"of",
"immorality",
"or",
"crime",
"and",
"the",
"source",
"of",
"much",
"ill",
"-",
"health",
"and",
"alcoholism",
"among",
"the",
"working",
"classes",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
18,
25,
27,
38,
41,
47,
54,
57,
60,
62,
66,
70,
77,
80,
81,
85,
92,
94,
98,
105,
110,
117,
120,
125,
132,
136,
142,
145,
152,
154,
159,
164,
167,
171,
175,
190,
198,
202,
212,
214,
220,
225,
227,
232,
236,
243,
252,
257,
260,
266,
276,
279,
287,
295,
298,
302,
311,
314,
318,
319,
329,
338,
340,
353,
358,
361,
364,
369,
372,
382,
391,
394,
405,
408,
414,
418,
422,
429,
432,
437,
440,
441,
448,
452,
463,
469,
473,
481,
488
]
} | f938f2268e564f5a925ccb2f717736c1 | Over what two-year period was Sketches by Boz written? | {
"tokens": [
"Over",
"what",
"two",
"-",
"year",
"period",
"was",
"Sketches",
"by",
"Boz",
"written",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
14,
19,
26,
30,
39,
42,
46,
53
]
} | {
"text": [
"1835–1836"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
329
],
"end": [
337
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
64
],
"end": [
64
]
}
]
} | [
"1835–1836"
] |
SQuAD | By the early 19th century, encouraged by lower duties on gin, the gin houses or "Gin Palaces" had spread from London to most cities and towns in Britain, with most of the new establishments illegal and unlicensed. These bawdy, loud and unruly drinking dens so often described by Charles Dickens in his Sketches by Boz (published 1835–1836) increasingly came to be held as unbridled cesspits of immorality or crime and the source of much ill-health and alcoholism among the working classes. | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
",",
"encouraged",
"by",
"lower",
"duties",
"on",
"gin",
",",
"the",
"gin",
"houses",
"or",
"\"",
"Gin",
"Palaces",
"\"",
"had",
"spread",
"from",
"London",
"to",
"most",
"cities",
"and",
"towns",
"in",
"Britain",
",",
"with",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"new",
"establishments",
"illegal",
"and",
"unlicensed",
".",
"These",
"bawdy",
",",
"loud",
"and",
"unruly",
"drinking",
"dens",
"so",
"often",
"described",
"by",
"Charles",
"Dickens",
"in",
"his",
"Sketches",
"by",
"Boz",
"(",
"published",
"1835–1836",
")",
"increasingly",
"came",
"to",
"be",
"held",
"as",
"unbridled",
"cesspits",
"of",
"immorality",
"or",
"crime",
"and",
"the",
"source",
"of",
"much",
"ill",
"-",
"health",
"and",
"alcoholism",
"among",
"the",
"working",
"classes",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
18,
25,
27,
38,
41,
47,
54,
57,
60,
62,
66,
70,
77,
80,
81,
85,
92,
94,
98,
105,
110,
117,
120,
125,
132,
136,
142,
145,
152,
154,
159,
164,
167,
171,
175,
190,
198,
202,
212,
214,
220,
225,
227,
232,
236,
243,
252,
257,
260,
266,
276,
279,
287,
295,
298,
302,
311,
314,
318,
319,
329,
338,
340,
353,
358,
361,
364,
369,
372,
382,
391,
394,
405,
408,
414,
418,
422,
429,
432,
437,
440,
441,
448,
452,
463,
469,
473,
481,
488
]
} | a7751225d0c041e6a3dc754784a00113 | What was another name for gin houses early in the 19th century? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"another",
"name",
"for",
"gin",
"houses",
"early",
"in",
"the",
"19th",
"century",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
17,
22,
26,
30,
37,
43,
46,
50,
55,
62
]
} | {
"text": [
"\"Gin Palaces\""
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
80
],
"end": [
92
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
17
],
"end": [
20
]
}
]
} | [
"\"Gin Palaces\""
] |
SQuAD | By the early 19th century, encouraged by lower duties on gin, the gin houses or "Gin Palaces" had spread from London to most cities and towns in Britain, with most of the new establishments illegal and unlicensed. These bawdy, loud and unruly drinking dens so often described by Charles Dickens in his Sketches by Boz (published 1835–1836) increasingly came to be held as unbridled cesspits of immorality or crime and the source of much ill-health and alcoholism among the working classes. | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
",",
"encouraged",
"by",
"lower",
"duties",
"on",
"gin",
",",
"the",
"gin",
"houses",
"or",
"\"",
"Gin",
"Palaces",
"\"",
"had",
"spread",
"from",
"London",
"to",
"most",
"cities",
"and",
"towns",
"in",
"Britain",
",",
"with",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"new",
"establishments",
"illegal",
"and",
"unlicensed",
".",
"These",
"bawdy",
",",
"loud",
"and",
"unruly",
"drinking",
"dens",
"so",
"often",
"described",
"by",
"Charles",
"Dickens",
"in",
"his",
"Sketches",
"by",
"Boz",
"(",
"published",
"1835–1836",
")",
"increasingly",
"came",
"to",
"be",
"held",
"as",
"unbridled",
"cesspits",
"of",
"immorality",
"or",
"crime",
"and",
"the",
"source",
"of",
"much",
"ill",
"-",
"health",
"and",
"alcoholism",
"among",
"the",
"working",
"classes",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
13,
18,
25,
27,
38,
41,
47,
54,
57,
60,
62,
66,
70,
77,
80,
81,
85,
92,
94,
98,
105,
110,
117,
120,
125,
132,
136,
142,
145,
152,
154,
159,
164,
167,
171,
175,
190,
198,
202,
212,
214,
220,
225,
227,
232,
236,
243,
252,
257,
260,
266,
276,
279,
287,
295,
298,
302,
311,
314,
318,
319,
329,
338,
340,
353,
358,
361,
364,
369,
372,
382,
391,
394,
405,
408,
414,
418,
422,
429,
432,
437,
440,
441,
448,
452,
463,
469,
473,
481,
488
]
} | b0a1c474a1554d31991c7f80e79d3bdd | In what British city did gin houses first appear? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"British",
"city",
"did",
"gin",
"houses",
"first",
"appear",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
16,
21,
25,
29,
36,
42,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"London"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
110
],
"end": [
115
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
24
],
"end": [
24
]
}
]
} | [
"London"
] |
SQuAD | Under a banner of "reducing public drunkenness" the Beer Act of 1830 introduced a new lower tier of premises permitted to sell alcohol, the Beer Houses. At the time beer was viewed as harmless, nutritious and even healthy. Young children were often given what was described as small beer, which was brewed to have a low alcohol content, as the local water was often unsafe. Even the evangelical church and temperance movements of the day viewed the drinking of beer very much as a secondary evil and a normal accompaniment to a meal. The freely available beer was thus intended to wean the drinkers off the evils of gin, or so the thinking went. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"a",
"banner",
"of",
"\"",
"reducing",
"public",
"drunkenness",
"\"",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"of",
"1830",
"introduced",
"a",
"new",
"lower",
"tier",
"of",
"premises",
"permitted",
"to",
"sell",
"alcohol",
",",
"the",
"Beer",
"Houses",
".",
"At",
"the",
"time",
"beer",
"was",
"viewed",
"as",
"harmless",
",",
"nutritious",
"and",
"even",
"healthy",
".",
"Young",
"children",
"were",
"often",
"given",
"what",
"was",
"described",
"as",
"small",
"beer",
",",
"which",
"was",
"brewed",
"to",
"have",
"a",
"low",
"alcohol",
"content",
",",
"as",
"the",
"local",
"water",
"was",
"often",
"unsafe",
".",
"Even",
"the",
"evangelical",
"church",
"and",
"temperance",
"movements",
"of",
"the",
"day",
"viewed",
"the",
"drinking",
"of",
"beer",
"very",
"much",
"as",
"a",
"secondary",
"evil",
"and",
"a",
"normal",
"accompaniment",
"to",
"a",
"meal",
".",
"The",
"freely",
"available",
"beer",
"was",
"thus",
"intended",
"to",
"wean",
"the",
"drinkers",
"off",
"the",
"evils",
"of",
"gin",
",",
"or",
"so",
"the",
"thinking",
"went",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
8,
15,
18,
19,
28,
35,
46,
48,
52,
57,
61,
64,
69,
80,
82,
86,
92,
97,
100,
109,
119,
122,
127,
134,
136,
140,
145,
151,
153,
156,
160,
165,
170,
174,
181,
184,
192,
194,
205,
209,
214,
221,
223,
229,
238,
243,
249,
255,
260,
264,
274,
277,
283,
287,
289,
295,
299,
306,
309,
314,
316,
320,
328,
335,
337,
340,
344,
350,
356,
360,
366,
372,
374,
379,
383,
395,
402,
406,
417,
427,
430,
434,
438,
445,
449,
458,
461,
466,
471,
476,
479,
481,
491,
496,
500,
502,
509,
523,
526,
528,
532,
534,
538,
545,
555,
560,
564,
569,
578,
581,
586,
590,
599,
603,
607,
613,
616,
619,
621,
624,
627,
631,
640,
644
]
} | addf3922a3934722ba5b3f43b8eb51a3 | What law allowed the existence of beer houses? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"law",
"allowed",
"the",
"existence",
"of",
"beer",
"houses",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
17,
21,
31,
34,
39,
45
]
} | {
"text": [
"Beer Act of 1830"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
52
],
"end": [
67
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
10
],
"end": [
13
]
}
]
} | [
"Beer Act of 1830"
] |
SQuAD | Under a banner of "reducing public drunkenness" the Beer Act of 1830 introduced a new lower tier of premises permitted to sell alcohol, the Beer Houses. At the time beer was viewed as harmless, nutritious and even healthy. Young children were often given what was described as small beer, which was brewed to have a low alcohol content, as the local water was often unsafe. Even the evangelical church and temperance movements of the day viewed the drinking of beer very much as a secondary evil and a normal accompaniment to a meal. The freely available beer was thus intended to wean the drinkers off the evils of gin, or so the thinking went. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"a",
"banner",
"of",
"\"",
"reducing",
"public",
"drunkenness",
"\"",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"of",
"1830",
"introduced",
"a",
"new",
"lower",
"tier",
"of",
"premises",
"permitted",
"to",
"sell",
"alcohol",
",",
"the",
"Beer",
"Houses",
".",
"At",
"the",
"time",
"beer",
"was",
"viewed",
"as",
"harmless",
",",
"nutritious",
"and",
"even",
"healthy",
".",
"Young",
"children",
"were",
"often",
"given",
"what",
"was",
"described",
"as",
"small",
"beer",
",",
"which",
"was",
"brewed",
"to",
"have",
"a",
"low",
"alcohol",
"content",
",",
"as",
"the",
"local",
"water",
"was",
"often",
"unsafe",
".",
"Even",
"the",
"evangelical",
"church",
"and",
"temperance",
"movements",
"of",
"the",
"day",
"viewed",
"the",
"drinking",
"of",
"beer",
"very",
"much",
"as",
"a",
"secondary",
"evil",
"and",
"a",
"normal",
"accompaniment",
"to",
"a",
"meal",
".",
"The",
"freely",
"available",
"beer",
"was",
"thus",
"intended",
"to",
"wean",
"the",
"drinkers",
"off",
"the",
"evils",
"of",
"gin",
",",
"or",
"so",
"the",
"thinking",
"went",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
8,
15,
18,
19,
28,
35,
46,
48,
52,
57,
61,
64,
69,
80,
82,
86,
92,
97,
100,
109,
119,
122,
127,
134,
136,
140,
145,
151,
153,
156,
160,
165,
170,
174,
181,
184,
192,
194,
205,
209,
214,
221,
223,
229,
238,
243,
249,
255,
260,
264,
274,
277,
283,
287,
289,
295,
299,
306,
309,
314,
316,
320,
328,
335,
337,
340,
344,
350,
356,
360,
366,
372,
374,
379,
383,
395,
402,
406,
417,
427,
430,
434,
438,
445,
449,
458,
461,
466,
471,
476,
479,
481,
491,
496,
500,
502,
509,
523,
526,
528,
532,
534,
538,
545,
555,
560,
564,
569,
578,
581,
586,
590,
599,
603,
607,
613,
616,
619,
621,
624,
627,
631,
640,
644
]
} | 021f9ddf05e84cef9149e2a85dc978ef | In what way did small beer differ from regular beer? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"way",
"did",
"small",
"beer",
"differ",
"from",
"regular",
"beer",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
12,
16,
22,
27,
34,
39,
47,
51
]
} | {
"text": [
"low alcohol content"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
316
],
"end": [
334
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
62
],
"end": [
64
]
}
]
} | [
"low alcohol content"
] |
SQuAD | Under a banner of "reducing public drunkenness" the Beer Act of 1830 introduced a new lower tier of premises permitted to sell alcohol, the Beer Houses. At the time beer was viewed as harmless, nutritious and even healthy. Young children were often given what was described as small beer, which was brewed to have a low alcohol content, as the local water was often unsafe. Even the evangelical church and temperance movements of the day viewed the drinking of beer very much as a secondary evil and a normal accompaniment to a meal. The freely available beer was thus intended to wean the drinkers off the evils of gin, or so the thinking went. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"a",
"banner",
"of",
"\"",
"reducing",
"public",
"drunkenness",
"\"",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"of",
"1830",
"introduced",
"a",
"new",
"lower",
"tier",
"of",
"premises",
"permitted",
"to",
"sell",
"alcohol",
",",
"the",
"Beer",
"Houses",
".",
"At",
"the",
"time",
"beer",
"was",
"viewed",
"as",
"harmless",
",",
"nutritious",
"and",
"even",
"healthy",
".",
"Young",
"children",
"were",
"often",
"given",
"what",
"was",
"described",
"as",
"small",
"beer",
",",
"which",
"was",
"brewed",
"to",
"have",
"a",
"low",
"alcohol",
"content",
",",
"as",
"the",
"local",
"water",
"was",
"often",
"unsafe",
".",
"Even",
"the",
"evangelical",
"church",
"and",
"temperance",
"movements",
"of",
"the",
"day",
"viewed",
"the",
"drinking",
"of",
"beer",
"very",
"much",
"as",
"a",
"secondary",
"evil",
"and",
"a",
"normal",
"accompaniment",
"to",
"a",
"meal",
".",
"The",
"freely",
"available",
"beer",
"was",
"thus",
"intended",
"to",
"wean",
"the",
"drinkers",
"off",
"the",
"evils",
"of",
"gin",
",",
"or",
"so",
"the",
"thinking",
"went",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
8,
15,
18,
19,
28,
35,
46,
48,
52,
57,
61,
64,
69,
80,
82,
86,
92,
97,
100,
109,
119,
122,
127,
134,
136,
140,
145,
151,
153,
156,
160,
165,
170,
174,
181,
184,
192,
194,
205,
209,
214,
221,
223,
229,
238,
243,
249,
255,
260,
264,
274,
277,
283,
287,
289,
295,
299,
306,
309,
314,
316,
320,
328,
335,
337,
340,
344,
350,
356,
360,
366,
372,
374,
379,
383,
395,
402,
406,
417,
427,
430,
434,
438,
445,
449,
458,
461,
466,
471,
476,
479,
481,
491,
496,
500,
502,
509,
523,
526,
528,
532,
534,
538,
545,
555,
560,
564,
569,
578,
581,
586,
590,
599,
603,
607,
613,
616,
619,
621,
624,
627,
631,
640,
644
]
} | 5657e52a2db747d792aa876281a71040 | What alcohol was regarded as evil when compared to beer? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"alcohol",
"was",
"regarded",
"as",
"evil",
"when",
"compared",
"to",
"beer",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
13,
17,
26,
29,
34,
39,
48,
51,
55
]
} | {
"text": [
"gin"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
616
],
"end": [
618
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
118
],
"end": [
118
]
}
]
} | [
"gin"
] |
SQuAD | Under a banner of "reducing public drunkenness" the Beer Act of 1830 introduced a new lower tier of premises permitted to sell alcohol, the Beer Houses. At the time beer was viewed as harmless, nutritious and even healthy. Young children were often given what was described as small beer, which was brewed to have a low alcohol content, as the local water was often unsafe. Even the evangelical church and temperance movements of the day viewed the drinking of beer very much as a secondary evil and a normal accompaniment to a meal. The freely available beer was thus intended to wean the drinkers off the evils of gin, or so the thinking went. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"a",
"banner",
"of",
"\"",
"reducing",
"public",
"drunkenness",
"\"",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"of",
"1830",
"introduced",
"a",
"new",
"lower",
"tier",
"of",
"premises",
"permitted",
"to",
"sell",
"alcohol",
",",
"the",
"Beer",
"Houses",
".",
"At",
"the",
"time",
"beer",
"was",
"viewed",
"as",
"harmless",
",",
"nutritious",
"and",
"even",
"healthy",
".",
"Young",
"children",
"were",
"often",
"given",
"what",
"was",
"described",
"as",
"small",
"beer",
",",
"which",
"was",
"brewed",
"to",
"have",
"a",
"low",
"alcohol",
"content",
",",
"as",
"the",
"local",
"water",
"was",
"often",
"unsafe",
".",
"Even",
"the",
"evangelical",
"church",
"and",
"temperance",
"movements",
"of",
"the",
"day",
"viewed",
"the",
"drinking",
"of",
"beer",
"very",
"much",
"as",
"a",
"secondary",
"evil",
"and",
"a",
"normal",
"accompaniment",
"to",
"a",
"meal",
".",
"The",
"freely",
"available",
"beer",
"was",
"thus",
"intended",
"to",
"wean",
"the",
"drinkers",
"off",
"the",
"evils",
"of",
"gin",
",",
"or",
"so",
"the",
"thinking",
"went",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
8,
15,
18,
19,
28,
35,
46,
48,
52,
57,
61,
64,
69,
80,
82,
86,
92,
97,
100,
109,
119,
122,
127,
134,
136,
140,
145,
151,
153,
156,
160,
165,
170,
174,
181,
184,
192,
194,
205,
209,
214,
221,
223,
229,
238,
243,
249,
255,
260,
264,
274,
277,
283,
287,
289,
295,
299,
306,
309,
314,
316,
320,
328,
335,
337,
340,
344,
350,
356,
360,
366,
372,
374,
379,
383,
395,
402,
406,
417,
427,
430,
434,
438,
445,
449,
458,
461,
466,
471,
476,
479,
481,
491,
496,
500,
502,
509,
523,
526,
528,
532,
534,
538,
545,
555,
560,
564,
569,
578,
581,
586,
590,
599,
603,
607,
613,
616,
619,
621,
624,
627,
631,
640,
644
]
} | c5ea8d66c652473dbaf70bc81bc2eab5 | What was the intention behind the passage of the Beer Act of 1830? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"intention",
"behind",
"the",
"passage",
"of",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"of",
"1830",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
23,
30,
34,
42,
45,
49,
54,
58,
61,
65
]
} | {
"text": [
"reducing public drunkenness"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
19
],
"end": [
45
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
5
],
"end": [
7
]
}
]
} | [
"reducing public drunkenness"
] |
SQuAD | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launch day. On July 16, 1969, at exactly 9:32 am EDT, the Saturn V rocket, AS-506, lifted off from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 in Florida. | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"11",
"was",
"prepared",
"with",
"the",
"goal",
"of",
"a",
"July",
"landing",
"in",
"the",
"Sea",
"of",
"Tranquility",
".",
"The",
"crew",
",",
"selected",
"in",
"January",
"1969",
",",
"consisted",
"of",
"commander",
"(",
"CDR",
")",
"Neil",
"Armstrong",
",",
"Command",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"CMP",
")",
"Michael",
"Collins",
",",
"and",
"Lunar",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"LMP",
")",
"Edwin",
"\"",
"Buzz",
"\"",
"Aldrin",
".",
"They",
"trained",
"for",
"the",
"mission",
"until",
"just",
"before",
"the",
"actual",
"launch",
"day",
".",
"On",
"July",
"16",
",",
"1969",
",",
"at",
"exactly",
"9:32",
"am",
"EDT",
",",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"rocket",
",",
"AS-506",
",",
"lifted",
"off",
"from",
"Kennedy",
"Space",
"Center",
"Launch",
"Complex",
"39",
"in",
"Florida",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
14,
23,
28,
32,
37,
40,
42,
47,
55,
58,
62,
66,
69,
80,
82,
86,
90,
92,
101,
104,
112,
116,
118,
128,
131,
141,
142,
145,
147,
152,
161,
163,
171,
178,
184,
185,
188,
190,
198,
205,
207,
211,
217,
224,
230,
231,
234,
236,
242,
243,
247,
249,
255,
257,
262,
270,
274,
278,
286,
292,
297,
304,
308,
315,
322,
325,
327,
330,
335,
337,
339,
343,
345,
348,
356,
361,
364,
367,
369,
373,
380,
382,
388,
390,
396,
398,
405,
409,
414,
422,
428,
435,
442,
450,
453,
456,
463
]
} | e1d569669b8f4bc891018feadfc1586f | Apollo 11 mission was to land where on the Moon? | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"11",
"mission",
"was",
"to",
"land",
"where",
"on",
"the",
"Moon",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
18,
22,
25,
30,
36,
39,
43,
47
]
} | {
"text": [
"Sea of Tranquility"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
62
],
"end": [
79
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
13
],
"end": [
15
]
}
]
} | [
"Sea of Tranquility"
] |
SQuAD | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launch day. On July 16, 1969, at exactly 9:32 am EDT, the Saturn V rocket, AS-506, lifted off from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 in Florida. | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"11",
"was",
"prepared",
"with",
"the",
"goal",
"of",
"a",
"July",
"landing",
"in",
"the",
"Sea",
"of",
"Tranquility",
".",
"The",
"crew",
",",
"selected",
"in",
"January",
"1969",
",",
"consisted",
"of",
"commander",
"(",
"CDR",
")",
"Neil",
"Armstrong",
",",
"Command",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"CMP",
")",
"Michael",
"Collins",
",",
"and",
"Lunar",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"LMP",
")",
"Edwin",
"\"",
"Buzz",
"\"",
"Aldrin",
".",
"They",
"trained",
"for",
"the",
"mission",
"until",
"just",
"before",
"the",
"actual",
"launch",
"day",
".",
"On",
"July",
"16",
",",
"1969",
",",
"at",
"exactly",
"9:32",
"am",
"EDT",
",",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"rocket",
",",
"AS-506",
",",
"lifted",
"off",
"from",
"Kennedy",
"Space",
"Center",
"Launch",
"Complex",
"39",
"in",
"Florida",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
14,
23,
28,
32,
37,
40,
42,
47,
55,
58,
62,
66,
69,
80,
82,
86,
90,
92,
101,
104,
112,
116,
118,
128,
131,
141,
142,
145,
147,
152,
161,
163,
171,
178,
184,
185,
188,
190,
198,
205,
207,
211,
217,
224,
230,
231,
234,
236,
242,
243,
247,
249,
255,
257,
262,
270,
274,
278,
286,
292,
297,
304,
308,
315,
322,
325,
327,
330,
335,
337,
339,
343,
345,
348,
356,
361,
364,
367,
369,
373,
380,
382,
388,
390,
396,
398,
405,
409,
414,
422,
428,
435,
442,
450,
453,
456,
463
]
} | d71d4310ec264c249be86d0f754643fe | When did the Apollo 11 mission launch? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"the",
"Apollo",
"11",
"mission",
"launch",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
20,
23,
31,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"July 16, 1969"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
330
],
"end": [
342
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
70
],
"end": [
73
]
}
]
} | [
"July 16, 1969"
] |
SQuAD | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launch day. On July 16, 1969, at exactly 9:32 am EDT, the Saturn V rocket, AS-506, lifted off from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 in Florida. | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"11",
"was",
"prepared",
"with",
"the",
"goal",
"of",
"a",
"July",
"landing",
"in",
"the",
"Sea",
"of",
"Tranquility",
".",
"The",
"crew",
",",
"selected",
"in",
"January",
"1969",
",",
"consisted",
"of",
"commander",
"(",
"CDR",
")",
"Neil",
"Armstrong",
",",
"Command",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"CMP",
")",
"Michael",
"Collins",
",",
"and",
"Lunar",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"LMP",
")",
"Edwin",
"\"",
"Buzz",
"\"",
"Aldrin",
".",
"They",
"trained",
"for",
"the",
"mission",
"until",
"just",
"before",
"the",
"actual",
"launch",
"day",
".",
"On",
"July",
"16",
",",
"1969",
",",
"at",
"exactly",
"9:32",
"am",
"EDT",
",",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"rocket",
",",
"AS-506",
",",
"lifted",
"off",
"from",
"Kennedy",
"Space",
"Center",
"Launch",
"Complex",
"39",
"in",
"Florida",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
14,
23,
28,
32,
37,
40,
42,
47,
55,
58,
62,
66,
69,
80,
82,
86,
90,
92,
101,
104,
112,
116,
118,
128,
131,
141,
142,
145,
147,
152,
161,
163,
171,
178,
184,
185,
188,
190,
198,
205,
207,
211,
217,
224,
230,
231,
234,
236,
242,
243,
247,
249,
255,
257,
262,
270,
274,
278,
286,
292,
297,
304,
308,
315,
322,
325,
327,
330,
335,
337,
339,
343,
345,
348,
356,
361,
364,
367,
369,
373,
380,
382,
388,
390,
396,
398,
405,
409,
414,
422,
428,
435,
442,
450,
453,
456,
463
]
} | 3f00eee6b8d642e6a6538309443c55da | What state did the Saturn V rocket launch from? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"state",
"did",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"rocket",
"launch",
"from",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
11,
15,
19,
26,
28,
35,
42,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"Florida"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
456
],
"end": [
462
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
98
],
"end": [
98
]
}
]
} | [
"Florida"
] |
SQuAD | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launch day. On July 16, 1969, at exactly 9:32 am EDT, the Saturn V rocket, AS-506, lifted off from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 in Florida. | {
"tokens": [
"Apollo",
"11",
"was",
"prepared",
"with",
"the",
"goal",
"of",
"a",
"July",
"landing",
"in",
"the",
"Sea",
"of",
"Tranquility",
".",
"The",
"crew",
",",
"selected",
"in",
"January",
"1969",
",",
"consisted",
"of",
"commander",
"(",
"CDR",
")",
"Neil",
"Armstrong",
",",
"Command",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"CMP",
")",
"Michael",
"Collins",
",",
"and",
"Lunar",
"Module",
"Pilot",
"(",
"LMP",
")",
"Edwin",
"\"",
"Buzz",
"\"",
"Aldrin",
".",
"They",
"trained",
"for",
"the",
"mission",
"until",
"just",
"before",
"the",
"actual",
"launch",
"day",
".",
"On",
"July",
"16",
",",
"1969",
",",
"at",
"exactly",
"9:32",
"am",
"EDT",
",",
"the",
"Saturn",
"V",
"rocket",
",",
"AS-506",
",",
"lifted",
"off",
"from",
"Kennedy",
"Space",
"Center",
"Launch",
"Complex",
"39",
"in",
"Florida",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
10,
14,
23,
28,
32,
37,
40,
42,
47,
55,
58,
62,
66,
69,
80,
82,
86,
90,
92,
101,
104,
112,
116,
118,
128,
131,
141,
142,
145,
147,
152,
161,
163,
171,
178,
184,
185,
188,
190,
198,
205,
207,
211,
217,
224,
230,
231,
234,
236,
242,
243,
247,
249,
255,
257,
262,
270,
274,
278,
286,
292,
297,
304,
308,
315,
322,
325,
327,
330,
335,
337,
339,
343,
345,
348,
356,
361,
364,
367,
369,
373,
380,
382,
388,
390,
396,
398,
405,
409,
414,
422,
428,
435,
442,
450,
453,
456,
463
]
} | a68fd0cb51c6460aba323471ed6370ba | When was the crew chosen to participate on the Apollo 11 mission? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"was",
"the",
"crew",
"chosen",
"to",
"participate",
"on",
"the",
"Apollo",
"11",
"mission",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
18,
25,
28,
40,
43,
47,
54,
57,
64
]
} | {
"text": [
"January 1969"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
104
],
"end": [
115
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
23
]
}
]
} | [
"January 1969"
] |
SQuAD | The 18th century saw a huge growth in the number of drinking establishments, primarily due to the introduction of gin. Gin was brought to England by the Dutch after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and became very popular after the government created a market for "cuckoo grain" or "cuckoo malt" that was unfit to be used in brewing and distilling by allowing unlicensed gin and beer production, while imposing a heavy duty on all imported spirits. As thousands of gin-shops sprang up all over England, brewers fought back by increasing the number of alehouses. By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer and because of its cheapness it became popular with the poor, leading to the so-called Gin Craze. Over half of the 15,000 drinking establishments in London were gin shops. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"18th",
"century",
"saw",
"a",
"huge",
"growth",
"in",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"drinking",
"establishments",
",",
"primarily",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"gin",
".",
"Gin",
"was",
"brought",
"to",
"England",
"by",
"the",
"Dutch",
"after",
"the",
"Glorious",
"Revolution",
"of",
"1688",
"and",
"became",
"very",
"popular",
"after",
"the",
"government",
"created",
"a",
"market",
"for",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"grain",
"\"",
"or",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"malt",
"\"",
"that",
"was",
"unfit",
"to",
"be",
"used",
"in",
"brewing",
"and",
"distilling",
"by",
"allowing",
"unlicensed",
"gin",
"and",
"beer",
"production",
",",
"while",
"imposing",
"a",
"heavy",
"duty",
"on",
"all",
"imported",
"spirits",
".",
"As",
"thousands",
"of",
"gin",
"-",
"shops",
"sprang",
"up",
"all",
"over",
"England",
",",
"brewers",
"fought",
"back",
"by",
"increasing",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"alehouses",
".",
"By",
"1740",
"the",
"production",
"of",
"gin",
"had",
"increased",
"to",
"six",
"times",
"that",
"of",
"beer",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"cheapness",
"it",
"became",
"popular",
"with",
"the",
"poor",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"so",
"-",
"called",
"Gin",
"Craze",
".",
"Over",
"half",
"of",
"the",
"15,000",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"in",
"London",
"were",
"gin",
"shops",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
21,
23,
28,
35,
38,
42,
49,
52,
61,
75,
77,
87,
91,
94,
98,
111,
114,
117,
119,
123,
127,
135,
138,
146,
149,
153,
159,
165,
169,
178,
189,
192,
197,
201,
208,
213,
221,
227,
231,
242,
250,
252,
259,
263,
264,
271,
276,
278,
281,
282,
289,
293,
295,
300,
304,
310,
313,
316,
321,
324,
332,
336,
347,
350,
359,
370,
374,
378,
383,
393,
395,
401,
410,
412,
418,
423,
426,
430,
439,
446,
448,
451,
461,
464,
467,
468,
474,
481,
484,
488,
493,
500,
502,
510,
517,
522,
525,
536,
540,
547,
550,
559,
561,
564,
569,
573,
584,
587,
591,
595,
605,
608,
612,
618,
623,
626,
631,
635,
643,
646,
650,
660,
663,
670,
678,
683,
687,
691,
693,
701,
704,
708,
710,
711,
718,
722,
727,
729,
734,
739,
742,
746,
753,
762,
777,
780,
787,
792,
796,
801
]
} | b2f1d48ed67a4abf8452dae8265aa812 | After what political upheaval was gin introduced to England? | {
"tokens": [
"After",
"what",
"political",
"upheaval",
"was",
"gin",
"introduced",
"to",
"England",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
21,
30,
34,
38,
49,
52,
59
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Glorious Revolution"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
165
],
"end": [
187
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
31
],
"end": [
33
]
}
]
} | [
"the Glorious Revolution"
] |
SQuAD | The 18th century saw a huge growth in the number of drinking establishments, primarily due to the introduction of gin. Gin was brought to England by the Dutch after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and became very popular after the government created a market for "cuckoo grain" or "cuckoo malt" that was unfit to be used in brewing and distilling by allowing unlicensed gin and beer production, while imposing a heavy duty on all imported spirits. As thousands of gin-shops sprang up all over England, brewers fought back by increasing the number of alehouses. By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer and because of its cheapness it became popular with the poor, leading to the so-called Gin Craze. Over half of the 15,000 drinking establishments in London were gin shops. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"18th",
"century",
"saw",
"a",
"huge",
"growth",
"in",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"drinking",
"establishments",
",",
"primarily",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"gin",
".",
"Gin",
"was",
"brought",
"to",
"England",
"by",
"the",
"Dutch",
"after",
"the",
"Glorious",
"Revolution",
"of",
"1688",
"and",
"became",
"very",
"popular",
"after",
"the",
"government",
"created",
"a",
"market",
"for",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"grain",
"\"",
"or",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"malt",
"\"",
"that",
"was",
"unfit",
"to",
"be",
"used",
"in",
"brewing",
"and",
"distilling",
"by",
"allowing",
"unlicensed",
"gin",
"and",
"beer",
"production",
",",
"while",
"imposing",
"a",
"heavy",
"duty",
"on",
"all",
"imported",
"spirits",
".",
"As",
"thousands",
"of",
"gin",
"-",
"shops",
"sprang",
"up",
"all",
"over",
"England",
",",
"brewers",
"fought",
"back",
"by",
"increasing",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"alehouses",
".",
"By",
"1740",
"the",
"production",
"of",
"gin",
"had",
"increased",
"to",
"six",
"times",
"that",
"of",
"beer",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"cheapness",
"it",
"became",
"popular",
"with",
"the",
"poor",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"so",
"-",
"called",
"Gin",
"Craze",
".",
"Over",
"half",
"of",
"the",
"15,000",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"in",
"London",
"were",
"gin",
"shops",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
21,
23,
28,
35,
38,
42,
49,
52,
61,
75,
77,
87,
91,
94,
98,
111,
114,
117,
119,
123,
127,
135,
138,
146,
149,
153,
159,
165,
169,
178,
189,
192,
197,
201,
208,
213,
221,
227,
231,
242,
250,
252,
259,
263,
264,
271,
276,
278,
281,
282,
289,
293,
295,
300,
304,
310,
313,
316,
321,
324,
332,
336,
347,
350,
359,
370,
374,
378,
383,
393,
395,
401,
410,
412,
418,
423,
426,
430,
439,
446,
448,
451,
461,
464,
467,
468,
474,
481,
484,
488,
493,
500,
502,
510,
517,
522,
525,
536,
540,
547,
550,
559,
561,
564,
569,
573,
584,
587,
591,
595,
605,
608,
612,
618,
623,
626,
631,
635,
643,
646,
650,
660,
663,
670,
678,
683,
687,
691,
693,
701,
704,
708,
710,
711,
718,
722,
727,
729,
734,
739,
742,
746,
753,
762,
777,
780,
787,
792,
796,
801
]
} | e7dd4370114642d0a0e3a2004411c55f | What people introduced gin to England? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"people",
"introduced",
"gin",
"to",
"England",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
12,
23,
27,
30,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Dutch"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
149
],
"end": [
157
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
28
],
"end": [
29
]
}
]
} | [
"the Dutch"
] |
SQuAD | The 18th century saw a huge growth in the number of drinking establishments, primarily due to the introduction of gin. Gin was brought to England by the Dutch after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and became very popular after the government created a market for "cuckoo grain" or "cuckoo malt" that was unfit to be used in brewing and distilling by allowing unlicensed gin and beer production, while imposing a heavy duty on all imported spirits. As thousands of gin-shops sprang up all over England, brewers fought back by increasing the number of alehouses. By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer and because of its cheapness it became popular with the poor, leading to the so-called Gin Craze. Over half of the 15,000 drinking establishments in London were gin shops. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"18th",
"century",
"saw",
"a",
"huge",
"growth",
"in",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"drinking",
"establishments",
",",
"primarily",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"gin",
".",
"Gin",
"was",
"brought",
"to",
"England",
"by",
"the",
"Dutch",
"after",
"the",
"Glorious",
"Revolution",
"of",
"1688",
"and",
"became",
"very",
"popular",
"after",
"the",
"government",
"created",
"a",
"market",
"for",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"grain",
"\"",
"or",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"malt",
"\"",
"that",
"was",
"unfit",
"to",
"be",
"used",
"in",
"brewing",
"and",
"distilling",
"by",
"allowing",
"unlicensed",
"gin",
"and",
"beer",
"production",
",",
"while",
"imposing",
"a",
"heavy",
"duty",
"on",
"all",
"imported",
"spirits",
".",
"As",
"thousands",
"of",
"gin",
"-",
"shops",
"sprang",
"up",
"all",
"over",
"England",
",",
"brewers",
"fought",
"back",
"by",
"increasing",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"alehouses",
".",
"By",
"1740",
"the",
"production",
"of",
"gin",
"had",
"increased",
"to",
"six",
"times",
"that",
"of",
"beer",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"cheapness",
"it",
"became",
"popular",
"with",
"the",
"poor",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"so",
"-",
"called",
"Gin",
"Craze",
".",
"Over",
"half",
"of",
"the",
"15,000",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"in",
"London",
"were",
"gin",
"shops",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
21,
23,
28,
35,
38,
42,
49,
52,
61,
75,
77,
87,
91,
94,
98,
111,
114,
117,
119,
123,
127,
135,
138,
146,
149,
153,
159,
165,
169,
178,
189,
192,
197,
201,
208,
213,
221,
227,
231,
242,
250,
252,
259,
263,
264,
271,
276,
278,
281,
282,
289,
293,
295,
300,
304,
310,
313,
316,
321,
324,
332,
336,
347,
350,
359,
370,
374,
378,
383,
393,
395,
401,
410,
412,
418,
423,
426,
430,
439,
446,
448,
451,
461,
464,
467,
468,
474,
481,
484,
488,
493,
500,
502,
510,
517,
522,
525,
536,
540,
547,
550,
559,
561,
564,
569,
573,
584,
587,
591,
595,
605,
608,
612,
618,
623,
626,
631,
635,
643,
646,
650,
660,
663,
670,
678,
683,
687,
691,
693,
701,
704,
708,
710,
711,
718,
722,
727,
729,
734,
739,
742,
746,
753,
762,
777,
780,
787,
792,
796,
801
]
} | 6bf939bd1e4e42ad85f6f14ae4ca77c4 | In what year did the Glorious Revolution occur? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"did",
"the",
"Glorious",
"Revolution",
"occur",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
30,
41,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"1688"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
192
],
"end": [
195
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
35
],
"end": [
35
]
}
]
} | [
"1688"
] |
SQuAD | The 18th century saw a huge growth in the number of drinking establishments, primarily due to the introduction of gin. Gin was brought to England by the Dutch after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and became very popular after the government created a market for "cuckoo grain" or "cuckoo malt" that was unfit to be used in brewing and distilling by allowing unlicensed gin and beer production, while imposing a heavy duty on all imported spirits. As thousands of gin-shops sprang up all over England, brewers fought back by increasing the number of alehouses. By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer and because of its cheapness it became popular with the poor, leading to the so-called Gin Craze. Over half of the 15,000 drinking establishments in London were gin shops. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"18th",
"century",
"saw",
"a",
"huge",
"growth",
"in",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"drinking",
"establishments",
",",
"primarily",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"gin",
".",
"Gin",
"was",
"brought",
"to",
"England",
"by",
"the",
"Dutch",
"after",
"the",
"Glorious",
"Revolution",
"of",
"1688",
"and",
"became",
"very",
"popular",
"after",
"the",
"government",
"created",
"a",
"market",
"for",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"grain",
"\"",
"or",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"malt",
"\"",
"that",
"was",
"unfit",
"to",
"be",
"used",
"in",
"brewing",
"and",
"distilling",
"by",
"allowing",
"unlicensed",
"gin",
"and",
"beer",
"production",
",",
"while",
"imposing",
"a",
"heavy",
"duty",
"on",
"all",
"imported",
"spirits",
".",
"As",
"thousands",
"of",
"gin",
"-",
"shops",
"sprang",
"up",
"all",
"over",
"England",
",",
"brewers",
"fought",
"back",
"by",
"increasing",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"alehouses",
".",
"By",
"1740",
"the",
"production",
"of",
"gin",
"had",
"increased",
"to",
"six",
"times",
"that",
"of",
"beer",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"cheapness",
"it",
"became",
"popular",
"with",
"the",
"poor",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"so",
"-",
"called",
"Gin",
"Craze",
".",
"Over",
"half",
"of",
"the",
"15,000",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"in",
"London",
"were",
"gin",
"shops",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
21,
23,
28,
35,
38,
42,
49,
52,
61,
75,
77,
87,
91,
94,
98,
111,
114,
117,
119,
123,
127,
135,
138,
146,
149,
153,
159,
165,
169,
178,
189,
192,
197,
201,
208,
213,
221,
227,
231,
242,
250,
252,
259,
263,
264,
271,
276,
278,
281,
282,
289,
293,
295,
300,
304,
310,
313,
316,
321,
324,
332,
336,
347,
350,
359,
370,
374,
378,
383,
393,
395,
401,
410,
412,
418,
423,
426,
430,
439,
446,
448,
451,
461,
464,
467,
468,
474,
481,
484,
488,
493,
500,
502,
510,
517,
522,
525,
536,
540,
547,
550,
559,
561,
564,
569,
573,
584,
587,
591,
595,
605,
608,
612,
618,
623,
626,
631,
635,
643,
646,
650,
660,
663,
670,
678,
683,
687,
691,
693,
701,
704,
708,
710,
711,
718,
722,
727,
729,
734,
739,
742,
746,
753,
762,
777,
780,
787,
792,
796,
801
]
} | a9e0d690a5db40a0a0175b20ab662efa | How much more gin than beer was made in England in 1740? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"much",
"more",
"gin",
"than",
"beer",
"was",
"made",
"in",
"England",
"in",
"1740",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
14,
18,
23,
28,
32,
37,
40,
48,
51,
55
]
} | {
"text": [
"six times"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
608
],
"end": [
616
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
115
],
"end": [
116
]
}
]
} | [
"six times"
] |
SQuAD | The 18th century saw a huge growth in the number of drinking establishments, primarily due to the introduction of gin. Gin was brought to England by the Dutch after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and became very popular after the government created a market for "cuckoo grain" or "cuckoo malt" that was unfit to be used in brewing and distilling by allowing unlicensed gin and beer production, while imposing a heavy duty on all imported spirits. As thousands of gin-shops sprang up all over England, brewers fought back by increasing the number of alehouses. By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer and because of its cheapness it became popular with the poor, leading to the so-called Gin Craze. Over half of the 15,000 drinking establishments in London were gin shops. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"18th",
"century",
"saw",
"a",
"huge",
"growth",
"in",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"drinking",
"establishments",
",",
"primarily",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"gin",
".",
"Gin",
"was",
"brought",
"to",
"England",
"by",
"the",
"Dutch",
"after",
"the",
"Glorious",
"Revolution",
"of",
"1688",
"and",
"became",
"very",
"popular",
"after",
"the",
"government",
"created",
"a",
"market",
"for",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"grain",
"\"",
"or",
"\"",
"cuckoo",
"malt",
"\"",
"that",
"was",
"unfit",
"to",
"be",
"used",
"in",
"brewing",
"and",
"distilling",
"by",
"allowing",
"unlicensed",
"gin",
"and",
"beer",
"production",
",",
"while",
"imposing",
"a",
"heavy",
"duty",
"on",
"all",
"imported",
"spirits",
".",
"As",
"thousands",
"of",
"gin",
"-",
"shops",
"sprang",
"up",
"all",
"over",
"England",
",",
"brewers",
"fought",
"back",
"by",
"increasing",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"alehouses",
".",
"By",
"1740",
"the",
"production",
"of",
"gin",
"had",
"increased",
"to",
"six",
"times",
"that",
"of",
"beer",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"cheapness",
"it",
"became",
"popular",
"with",
"the",
"poor",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"so",
"-",
"called",
"Gin",
"Craze",
".",
"Over",
"half",
"of",
"the",
"15,000",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"in",
"London",
"were",
"gin",
"shops",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
21,
23,
28,
35,
38,
42,
49,
52,
61,
75,
77,
87,
91,
94,
98,
111,
114,
117,
119,
123,
127,
135,
138,
146,
149,
153,
159,
165,
169,
178,
189,
192,
197,
201,
208,
213,
221,
227,
231,
242,
250,
252,
259,
263,
264,
271,
276,
278,
281,
282,
289,
293,
295,
300,
304,
310,
313,
316,
321,
324,
332,
336,
347,
350,
359,
370,
374,
378,
383,
393,
395,
401,
410,
412,
418,
423,
426,
430,
439,
446,
448,
451,
461,
464,
467,
468,
474,
481,
484,
488,
493,
500,
502,
510,
517,
522,
525,
536,
540,
547,
550,
559,
561,
564,
569,
573,
584,
587,
591,
595,
605,
608,
612,
618,
623,
626,
631,
635,
643,
646,
650,
660,
663,
670,
678,
683,
687,
691,
693,
701,
704,
708,
710,
711,
718,
722,
727,
729,
734,
739,
742,
746,
753,
762,
777,
780,
787,
792,
796,
801
]
} | 8cbfa6ee7770497d941a8f53ab85bb44 | In 1740, what fraction of London drinking establishments were gin shops? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1740",
",",
"what",
"fraction",
"of",
"London",
"drinking",
"establishments",
"were",
"gin",
"shops",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
14,
23,
26,
33,
42,
57,
62,
66,
71
]
} | {
"text": [
"half"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
734
],
"end": [
737
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
142
],
"end": [
142
]
}
]
} | [
"half"
] |
SQuAD | Scotland's and Northern Ireland's licensing laws have long been more flexible, allowing local authorities to set pub opening and closing times. In Scotland, this stemmed out of[clarification needed] a late repeal of the wartime licensing laws, which stayed in force until 1976. | {
"tokens": [
"Scotland",
"'s",
"and",
"Northern",
"Ireland",
"'s",
"licensing",
"laws",
"have",
"long",
"been",
"more",
"flexible",
",",
"allowing",
"local",
"authorities",
"to",
"set",
"pub",
"opening",
"and",
"closing",
"times",
".",
"In",
"Scotland",
",",
"this",
"stemmed",
"out",
"of[clarification",
"needed",
"]",
"a",
"late",
"repeal",
"of",
"the",
"wartime",
"licensing",
"laws",
",",
"which",
"stayed",
"in",
"force",
"until",
"1976",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
8,
11,
15,
24,
31,
34,
44,
49,
54,
59,
64,
69,
77,
79,
88,
94,
106,
109,
113,
117,
125,
129,
137,
142,
144,
147,
155,
157,
162,
170,
174,
191,
197,
199,
201,
206,
213,
216,
220,
228,
238,
242,
244,
250,
257,
260,
266,
272,
276
]
} | c0ad97cd5c1841fca99d612c0b47aa19 | When were wartime licensing laws ended in Scotland? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"were",
"wartime",
"licensing",
"laws",
"ended",
"in",
"Scotland",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
18,
28,
33,
39,
42,
50
]
} | {
"text": [
"1976"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
272
],
"end": [
275
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
48
],
"end": [
48
]
}
]
} | [
"1976"
] |
SQuAD | Scotland's and Northern Ireland's licensing laws have long been more flexible, allowing local authorities to set pub opening and closing times. In Scotland, this stemmed out of[clarification needed] a late repeal of the wartime licensing laws, which stayed in force until 1976. | {
"tokens": [
"Scotland",
"'s",
"and",
"Northern",
"Ireland",
"'s",
"licensing",
"laws",
"have",
"long",
"been",
"more",
"flexible",
",",
"allowing",
"local",
"authorities",
"to",
"set",
"pub",
"opening",
"and",
"closing",
"times",
".",
"In",
"Scotland",
",",
"this",
"stemmed",
"out",
"of[clarification",
"needed",
"]",
"a",
"late",
"repeal",
"of",
"the",
"wartime",
"licensing",
"laws",
",",
"which",
"stayed",
"in",
"force",
"until",
"1976",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
8,
11,
15,
24,
31,
34,
44,
49,
54,
59,
64,
69,
77,
79,
88,
94,
106,
109,
113,
117,
125,
129,
137,
142,
144,
147,
155,
157,
162,
170,
174,
191,
197,
199,
201,
206,
213,
216,
220,
228,
238,
242,
244,
250,
257,
260,
266,
272,
276
]
} | d3708a814a754db08d2ff8faa2a7e287 | What constituent countries of the United Kingdom's licensing laws were notably flexible? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"constituent",
"countries",
"of",
"the",
"United",
"Kingdom",
"'s",
"licensing",
"laws",
"were",
"notably",
"flexible",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
17,
27,
30,
34,
41,
48,
51,
61,
66,
71,
79,
87
]
} | {
"text": [
"Scotland's and Northern Ireland's"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
0
],
"end": [
32
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
0
],
"end": [
5
]
}
]
} | [
"Scotland's and Northern Ireland's"
] |
SQuAD | CAMRA have surveyed the 50,000 pubs in Britain and they believe that there are very few pubs that still have classic snugs. These are on a historic interiors list in order that they can be preserved. | {
"tokens": [
"CAMRA",
"have",
"surveyed",
"the",
"50,000",
"pubs",
"in",
"Britain",
"and",
"they",
"believe",
"that",
"there",
"are",
"very",
"few",
"pubs",
"that",
"still",
"have",
"classic",
"snugs",
".",
"These",
"are",
"on",
"a",
"historic",
"interiors",
"list",
"in",
"order",
"that",
"they",
"can",
"be",
"preserved",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
20,
24,
31,
36,
39,
47,
51,
56,
64,
69,
75,
79,
84,
88,
93,
98,
104,
109,
117,
122,
124,
130,
134,
137,
139,
148,
158,
163,
166,
172,
177,
182,
186,
189,
198
]
} | 7adc153b1bda40aa98548b7a6114fbb2 | How many pubs were part of the CAMRA survey? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"pubs",
"were",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"CAMRA",
"survey",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
14,
19,
24,
27,
31,
37,
43
]
} | {
"text": [
"50,000"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
24
],
"end": [
29
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
4
]
}
]
} | [
"50,000"
] |
SQuAD | CAMRA have surveyed the 50,000 pubs in Britain and they believe that there are very few pubs that still have classic snugs. These are on a historic interiors list in order that they can be preserved. | {
"tokens": [
"CAMRA",
"have",
"surveyed",
"the",
"50,000",
"pubs",
"in",
"Britain",
"and",
"they",
"believe",
"that",
"there",
"are",
"very",
"few",
"pubs",
"that",
"still",
"have",
"classic",
"snugs",
".",
"These",
"are",
"on",
"a",
"historic",
"interiors",
"list",
"in",
"order",
"that",
"they",
"can",
"be",
"preserved",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
20,
24,
31,
36,
39,
47,
51,
56,
64,
69,
75,
79,
84,
88,
93,
98,
104,
109,
117,
122,
124,
130,
134,
137,
139,
148,
158,
163,
166,
172,
177,
182,
186,
189,
198
]
} | edde657091a74100aaed205014da0159 | According to CAMRA, how many pubs in Britain possess classic snugs? | {
"tokens": [
"According",
"to",
"CAMRA",
",",
"how",
"many",
"pubs",
"in",
"Britain",
"possess",
"classic",
"snugs",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
10,
13,
18,
20,
24,
29,
34,
37,
45,
53,
61,
66
]
} | {
"text": [
"very few"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
79
],
"end": [
86
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
14
],
"end": [
15
]
}
]
} | [
"very few"
] |
SQuAD | Under the 1830 Act any householder who paid rates could apply, with a one-off payment of two guineas (roughly equal in value to £168 today), to sell beer or cider in his home (usually the front parlour) and even to brew his own on his premises. The permission did not extend to the sale of spirits and fortified wines, and any beer house discovered selling those items was closed down and the owner heavily fined. Beer houses were not permitted to open on Sundays. The beer was usually served in jugs or dispensed directly from tapped wooden barrels on a table in the corner of the room. Often profits were so high the owners were able to buy the house next door to live in, turning every room in their former home into bars and lounges for customers. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"the",
"1830",
"Act",
"any",
"householder",
"who",
"paid",
"rates",
"could",
"apply",
",",
"with",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"off",
"payment",
"of",
"two",
"guineas",
"(",
"roughly",
"equal",
"in",
"value",
"to",
"£",
"168",
"today",
")",
",",
"to",
"sell",
"beer",
"or",
"cider",
"in",
"his",
"home",
"(",
"usually",
"the",
"front",
"parlour",
")",
"and",
"even",
"to",
"brew",
"his",
"own",
"on",
"his",
"premises",
".",
"The",
"permission",
"did",
"not",
"extend",
"to",
"the",
"sale",
"of",
"spirits",
"and",
"fortified",
"wines",
",",
"and",
"any",
"beer",
"house",
"discovered",
"selling",
"those",
"items",
"was",
"closed",
"down",
"and",
"the",
"owner",
"heavily",
"fined",
".",
"Beer",
"houses",
"were",
"not",
"permitted",
"to",
"open",
"on",
"Sundays",
".",
"The",
"beer",
"was",
"usually",
"served",
"in",
"jugs",
"or",
"dispensed",
"directly",
"from",
"tapped",
"wooden",
"barrels",
"on",
"a",
"table",
"in",
"the",
"corner",
"of",
"the",
"room",
".",
"Often",
"profits",
"were",
"so",
"high",
"the",
"owners",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"buy",
"the",
"house",
"next",
"door",
"to",
"live",
"in",
",",
"turning",
"every",
"room",
"in",
"their",
"former",
"home",
"into",
"bars",
"and",
"lounges",
"for",
"customers",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
19,
23,
35,
39,
44,
50,
56,
61,
63,
68,
70,
73,
74,
78,
86,
89,
93,
101,
102,
110,
116,
119,
125,
128,
129,
133,
138,
139,
141,
144,
149,
154,
157,
163,
166,
170,
175,
176,
184,
188,
194,
201,
203,
207,
212,
215,
220,
224,
228,
231,
235,
243,
245,
249,
260,
264,
268,
275,
278,
282,
287,
290,
298,
302,
312,
317,
319,
323,
327,
332,
338,
349,
357,
363,
369,
373,
380,
385,
389,
393,
399,
407,
412,
414,
419,
426,
431,
435,
445,
448,
453,
456,
463,
465,
469,
474,
478,
486,
493,
496,
501,
504,
514,
523,
528,
535,
542,
550,
553,
555,
561,
564,
568,
575,
578,
582,
586,
588,
594,
602,
607,
610,
615,
619,
626,
631,
636,
639,
643,
647,
653,
658,
663,
666,
671,
673,
675,
683,
689,
694,
697,
703,
710,
715,
720,
725,
729,
737,
741,
750
]
} | 0ab10de6eb9148f784c6921c4c8ed647 | What is the approximate modern value of two guineas in 1830? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"approximate",
"modern",
"value",
"of",
"two",
"guineas",
"in",
"1830",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
24,
31,
37,
40,
44,
52,
55,
59
]
} | {
"text": [
"£168"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
128
],
"end": [
131
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
27
],
"end": [
28
]
}
]
} | [
"£168"
] |
SQuAD | Under the 1830 Act any householder who paid rates could apply, with a one-off payment of two guineas (roughly equal in value to £168 today), to sell beer or cider in his home (usually the front parlour) and even to brew his own on his premises. The permission did not extend to the sale of spirits and fortified wines, and any beer house discovered selling those items was closed down and the owner heavily fined. Beer houses were not permitted to open on Sundays. The beer was usually served in jugs or dispensed directly from tapped wooden barrels on a table in the corner of the room. Often profits were so high the owners were able to buy the house next door to live in, turning every room in their former home into bars and lounges for customers. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"the",
"1830",
"Act",
"any",
"householder",
"who",
"paid",
"rates",
"could",
"apply",
",",
"with",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"off",
"payment",
"of",
"two",
"guineas",
"(",
"roughly",
"equal",
"in",
"value",
"to",
"£",
"168",
"today",
")",
",",
"to",
"sell",
"beer",
"or",
"cider",
"in",
"his",
"home",
"(",
"usually",
"the",
"front",
"parlour",
")",
"and",
"even",
"to",
"brew",
"his",
"own",
"on",
"his",
"premises",
".",
"The",
"permission",
"did",
"not",
"extend",
"to",
"the",
"sale",
"of",
"spirits",
"and",
"fortified",
"wines",
",",
"and",
"any",
"beer",
"house",
"discovered",
"selling",
"those",
"items",
"was",
"closed",
"down",
"and",
"the",
"owner",
"heavily",
"fined",
".",
"Beer",
"houses",
"were",
"not",
"permitted",
"to",
"open",
"on",
"Sundays",
".",
"The",
"beer",
"was",
"usually",
"served",
"in",
"jugs",
"or",
"dispensed",
"directly",
"from",
"tapped",
"wooden",
"barrels",
"on",
"a",
"table",
"in",
"the",
"corner",
"of",
"the",
"room",
".",
"Often",
"profits",
"were",
"so",
"high",
"the",
"owners",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"buy",
"the",
"house",
"next",
"door",
"to",
"live",
"in",
",",
"turning",
"every",
"room",
"in",
"their",
"former",
"home",
"into",
"bars",
"and",
"lounges",
"for",
"customers",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
19,
23,
35,
39,
44,
50,
56,
61,
63,
68,
70,
73,
74,
78,
86,
89,
93,
101,
102,
110,
116,
119,
125,
128,
129,
133,
138,
139,
141,
144,
149,
154,
157,
163,
166,
170,
175,
176,
184,
188,
194,
201,
203,
207,
212,
215,
220,
224,
228,
231,
235,
243,
245,
249,
260,
264,
268,
275,
278,
282,
287,
290,
298,
302,
312,
317,
319,
323,
327,
332,
338,
349,
357,
363,
369,
373,
380,
385,
389,
393,
399,
407,
412,
414,
419,
426,
431,
435,
445,
448,
453,
456,
463,
465,
469,
474,
478,
486,
493,
496,
501,
504,
514,
523,
528,
535,
542,
550,
553,
555,
561,
564,
568,
575,
578,
582,
586,
588,
594,
602,
607,
610,
615,
619,
626,
631,
636,
639,
643,
647,
653,
658,
663,
666,
671,
673,
675,
683,
689,
694,
697,
703,
710,
715,
720,
725,
729,
737,
741,
750
]
} | f08f37de3216498aa9104eafc21d6c5b | What did the Beer Act allow a householder to sell from his home? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"the",
"Beer",
"Act",
"allow",
"a",
"householder",
"to",
"sell",
"from",
"his",
"home",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
18,
22,
28,
30,
42,
45,
50,
55,
59,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"beer or cider"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
149
],
"end": [
161
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
34
],
"end": [
36
]
}
]
} | [
"beer or cider"
] |
SQuAD | Under the 1830 Act any householder who paid rates could apply, with a one-off payment of two guineas (roughly equal in value to £168 today), to sell beer or cider in his home (usually the front parlour) and even to brew his own on his premises. The permission did not extend to the sale of spirits and fortified wines, and any beer house discovered selling those items was closed down and the owner heavily fined. Beer houses were not permitted to open on Sundays. The beer was usually served in jugs or dispensed directly from tapped wooden barrels on a table in the corner of the room. Often profits were so high the owners were able to buy the house next door to live in, turning every room in their former home into bars and lounges for customers. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"the",
"1830",
"Act",
"any",
"householder",
"who",
"paid",
"rates",
"could",
"apply",
",",
"with",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"off",
"payment",
"of",
"two",
"guineas",
"(",
"roughly",
"equal",
"in",
"value",
"to",
"£",
"168",
"today",
")",
",",
"to",
"sell",
"beer",
"or",
"cider",
"in",
"his",
"home",
"(",
"usually",
"the",
"front",
"parlour",
")",
"and",
"even",
"to",
"brew",
"his",
"own",
"on",
"his",
"premises",
".",
"The",
"permission",
"did",
"not",
"extend",
"to",
"the",
"sale",
"of",
"spirits",
"and",
"fortified",
"wines",
",",
"and",
"any",
"beer",
"house",
"discovered",
"selling",
"those",
"items",
"was",
"closed",
"down",
"and",
"the",
"owner",
"heavily",
"fined",
".",
"Beer",
"houses",
"were",
"not",
"permitted",
"to",
"open",
"on",
"Sundays",
".",
"The",
"beer",
"was",
"usually",
"served",
"in",
"jugs",
"or",
"dispensed",
"directly",
"from",
"tapped",
"wooden",
"barrels",
"on",
"a",
"table",
"in",
"the",
"corner",
"of",
"the",
"room",
".",
"Often",
"profits",
"were",
"so",
"high",
"the",
"owners",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"buy",
"the",
"house",
"next",
"door",
"to",
"live",
"in",
",",
"turning",
"every",
"room",
"in",
"their",
"former",
"home",
"into",
"bars",
"and",
"lounges",
"for",
"customers",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
19,
23,
35,
39,
44,
50,
56,
61,
63,
68,
70,
73,
74,
78,
86,
89,
93,
101,
102,
110,
116,
119,
125,
128,
129,
133,
138,
139,
141,
144,
149,
154,
157,
163,
166,
170,
175,
176,
184,
188,
194,
201,
203,
207,
212,
215,
220,
224,
228,
231,
235,
243,
245,
249,
260,
264,
268,
275,
278,
282,
287,
290,
298,
302,
312,
317,
319,
323,
327,
332,
338,
349,
357,
363,
369,
373,
380,
385,
389,
393,
399,
407,
412,
414,
419,
426,
431,
435,
445,
448,
453,
456,
463,
465,
469,
474,
478,
486,
493,
496,
501,
504,
514,
523,
528,
535,
542,
550,
553,
555,
561,
564,
568,
575,
578,
582,
586,
588,
594,
602,
607,
610,
615,
619,
626,
631,
636,
639,
643,
647,
653,
658,
663,
666,
671,
673,
675,
683,
689,
694,
697,
703,
710,
715,
720,
725,
729,
737,
741,
750
]
} | 12f230ad54a84764810b9f36b67da245 | On what day were beer houses closed? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"day",
"were",
"beer",
"houses",
"closed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
12,
17,
22,
29,
35
]
} | {
"text": [
"Sundays"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
456
],
"end": [
462
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
95
],
"end": [
95
]
}
]
} | [
"Sundays"
] |
SQuAD | Under the 1830 Act any householder who paid rates could apply, with a one-off payment of two guineas (roughly equal in value to £168 today), to sell beer or cider in his home (usually the front parlour) and even to brew his own on his premises. The permission did not extend to the sale of spirits and fortified wines, and any beer house discovered selling those items was closed down and the owner heavily fined. Beer houses were not permitted to open on Sundays. The beer was usually served in jugs or dispensed directly from tapped wooden barrels on a table in the corner of the room. Often profits were so high the owners were able to buy the house next door to live in, turning every room in their former home into bars and lounges for customers. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"the",
"1830",
"Act",
"any",
"householder",
"who",
"paid",
"rates",
"could",
"apply",
",",
"with",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"off",
"payment",
"of",
"two",
"guineas",
"(",
"roughly",
"equal",
"in",
"value",
"to",
"£",
"168",
"today",
")",
",",
"to",
"sell",
"beer",
"or",
"cider",
"in",
"his",
"home",
"(",
"usually",
"the",
"front",
"parlour",
")",
"and",
"even",
"to",
"brew",
"his",
"own",
"on",
"his",
"premises",
".",
"The",
"permission",
"did",
"not",
"extend",
"to",
"the",
"sale",
"of",
"spirits",
"and",
"fortified",
"wines",
",",
"and",
"any",
"beer",
"house",
"discovered",
"selling",
"those",
"items",
"was",
"closed",
"down",
"and",
"the",
"owner",
"heavily",
"fined",
".",
"Beer",
"houses",
"were",
"not",
"permitted",
"to",
"open",
"on",
"Sundays",
".",
"The",
"beer",
"was",
"usually",
"served",
"in",
"jugs",
"or",
"dispensed",
"directly",
"from",
"tapped",
"wooden",
"barrels",
"on",
"a",
"table",
"in",
"the",
"corner",
"of",
"the",
"room",
".",
"Often",
"profits",
"were",
"so",
"high",
"the",
"owners",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"buy",
"the",
"house",
"next",
"door",
"to",
"live",
"in",
",",
"turning",
"every",
"room",
"in",
"their",
"former",
"home",
"into",
"bars",
"and",
"lounges",
"for",
"customers",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
19,
23,
35,
39,
44,
50,
56,
61,
63,
68,
70,
73,
74,
78,
86,
89,
93,
101,
102,
110,
116,
119,
125,
128,
129,
133,
138,
139,
141,
144,
149,
154,
157,
163,
166,
170,
175,
176,
184,
188,
194,
201,
203,
207,
212,
215,
220,
224,
228,
231,
235,
243,
245,
249,
260,
264,
268,
275,
278,
282,
287,
290,
298,
302,
312,
317,
319,
323,
327,
332,
338,
349,
357,
363,
369,
373,
380,
385,
389,
393,
399,
407,
412,
414,
419,
426,
431,
435,
445,
448,
453,
456,
463,
465,
469,
474,
478,
486,
493,
496,
501,
504,
514,
523,
528,
535,
542,
550,
553,
555,
561,
564,
568,
575,
578,
582,
586,
588,
594,
602,
607,
610,
615,
619,
626,
631,
636,
639,
643,
647,
653,
658,
663,
666,
671,
673,
675,
683,
689,
694,
697,
703,
710,
715,
720,
725,
729,
737,
741,
750
]
} | 305774c9dcc64d38a9d719144552ba33 | Along with barrels, what was beer typically dispensed from? | {
"tokens": [
"Along",
"with",
"barrels",
",",
"what",
"was",
"beer",
"typically",
"dispensed",
"from",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
18,
20,
25,
29,
34,
44,
54,
58
]
} | {
"text": [
"jugs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
496
],
"end": [
499
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
103
],
"end": [
103
]
}
]
} | [
"jugs"
] |
SQuAD | Under the 1830 Act any householder who paid rates could apply, with a one-off payment of two guineas (roughly equal in value to £168 today), to sell beer or cider in his home (usually the front parlour) and even to brew his own on his premises. The permission did not extend to the sale of spirits and fortified wines, and any beer house discovered selling those items was closed down and the owner heavily fined. Beer houses were not permitted to open on Sundays. The beer was usually served in jugs or dispensed directly from tapped wooden barrels on a table in the corner of the room. Often profits were so high the owners were able to buy the house next door to live in, turning every room in their former home into bars and lounges for customers. | {
"tokens": [
"Under",
"the",
"1830",
"Act",
"any",
"householder",
"who",
"paid",
"rates",
"could",
"apply",
",",
"with",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"off",
"payment",
"of",
"two",
"guineas",
"(",
"roughly",
"equal",
"in",
"value",
"to",
"£",
"168",
"today",
")",
",",
"to",
"sell",
"beer",
"or",
"cider",
"in",
"his",
"home",
"(",
"usually",
"the",
"front",
"parlour",
")",
"and",
"even",
"to",
"brew",
"his",
"own",
"on",
"his",
"premises",
".",
"The",
"permission",
"did",
"not",
"extend",
"to",
"the",
"sale",
"of",
"spirits",
"and",
"fortified",
"wines",
",",
"and",
"any",
"beer",
"house",
"discovered",
"selling",
"those",
"items",
"was",
"closed",
"down",
"and",
"the",
"owner",
"heavily",
"fined",
".",
"Beer",
"houses",
"were",
"not",
"permitted",
"to",
"open",
"on",
"Sundays",
".",
"The",
"beer",
"was",
"usually",
"served",
"in",
"jugs",
"or",
"dispensed",
"directly",
"from",
"tapped",
"wooden",
"barrels",
"on",
"a",
"table",
"in",
"the",
"corner",
"of",
"the",
"room",
".",
"Often",
"profits",
"were",
"so",
"high",
"the",
"owners",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"buy",
"the",
"house",
"next",
"door",
"to",
"live",
"in",
",",
"turning",
"every",
"room",
"in",
"their",
"former",
"home",
"into",
"bars",
"and",
"lounges",
"for",
"customers",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
19,
23,
35,
39,
44,
50,
56,
61,
63,
68,
70,
73,
74,
78,
86,
89,
93,
101,
102,
110,
116,
119,
125,
128,
129,
133,
138,
139,
141,
144,
149,
154,
157,
163,
166,
170,
175,
176,
184,
188,
194,
201,
203,
207,
212,
215,
220,
224,
228,
231,
235,
243,
245,
249,
260,
264,
268,
275,
278,
282,
287,
290,
298,
302,
312,
317,
319,
323,
327,
332,
338,
349,
357,
363,
369,
373,
380,
385,
389,
393,
399,
407,
412,
414,
419,
426,
431,
435,
445,
448,
453,
456,
463,
465,
469,
474,
478,
486,
493,
496,
501,
504,
514,
523,
528,
535,
542,
550,
553,
555,
561,
564,
568,
575,
578,
582,
586,
588,
594,
602,
607,
610,
615,
619,
626,
631,
636,
639,
643,
647,
653,
658,
663,
666,
671,
673,
675,
683,
689,
694,
697,
703,
710,
715,
720,
725,
729,
737,
741,
750
]
} | 0310db74f9b846768e629f0c77d9201c | What was forbidden from being sold in beer houses? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"forbidden",
"from",
"being",
"sold",
"in",
"beer",
"houses",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
19,
24,
30,
35,
38,
43,
49
]
} | {
"text": [
"spirits and fortified wines"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
290
],
"end": [
316
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
65
],
"end": [
68
]
}
]
} | [
"spirits and fortified wines"
] |
SQuAD | The restrictions were tightened by the Defence of the Realm Act of August 1914, which, along with the introduction of rationing and the censorship of the press for wartime purposes, restricted pubs' opening hours to 12 noon–2:30 pm and 6:30 pm–9:30 pm. Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions. Pubs were closed under the Act and compensation paid, for example in Pembrokeshire. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"restrictions",
"were",
"tightened",
"by",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"of",
"August",
"1914",
",",
"which",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"rationing",
"and",
"the",
"censorship",
"of",
"the",
"press",
"for",
"wartime",
"purposes",
",",
"restricted",
"pubs",
"'",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"12",
"noon–2:30",
"pm",
"and",
"6:30",
"pm–9:30",
"pm",
".",
"Opening",
"for",
"the",
"full",
"licensed",
"hours",
"was",
"compulsory",
",",
"and",
"closing",
"time",
"was",
"equally",
"firmly",
"enforced",
"by",
"the",
"police",
";",
"a",
"landlord",
"might",
"lose",
"his",
"licence",
"for",
"infractions",
".",
"Pubs",
"were",
"closed",
"under",
"the",
"Act",
"and",
"compensation",
"paid",
",",
"for",
"example",
"in",
"Pembrokeshire",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
17,
22,
32,
35,
39,
47,
50,
54,
60,
64,
67,
74,
78,
80,
85,
87,
93,
98,
102,
115,
118,
128,
132,
136,
147,
150,
154,
160,
164,
172,
180,
182,
193,
197,
199,
207,
213,
216,
219,
229,
232,
236,
241,
249,
251,
253,
261,
265,
269,
274,
283,
289,
293,
303,
305,
309,
317,
322,
326,
334,
341,
350,
353,
357,
363,
365,
367,
376,
382,
387,
391,
399,
403,
414,
416,
421,
426,
433,
439,
443,
447,
451,
464,
468,
470,
474,
482,
485,
498
]
} | cf3d2f0e74a242eb9351f6680143630c | What law further restricted public houses? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"law",
"further",
"restricted",
"public",
"houses",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
17,
28,
35,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Defence of the Realm Act"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
35
],
"end": [
62
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
5
],
"end": [
10
]
}
]
} | [
"the Defence of the Realm Act"
] |
SQuAD | The restrictions were tightened by the Defence of the Realm Act of August 1914, which, along with the introduction of rationing and the censorship of the press for wartime purposes, restricted pubs' opening hours to 12 noon–2:30 pm and 6:30 pm–9:30 pm. Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions. Pubs were closed under the Act and compensation paid, for example in Pembrokeshire. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"restrictions",
"were",
"tightened",
"by",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"of",
"August",
"1914",
",",
"which",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"rationing",
"and",
"the",
"censorship",
"of",
"the",
"press",
"for",
"wartime",
"purposes",
",",
"restricted",
"pubs",
"'",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"12",
"noon–2:30",
"pm",
"and",
"6:30",
"pm–9:30",
"pm",
".",
"Opening",
"for",
"the",
"full",
"licensed",
"hours",
"was",
"compulsory",
",",
"and",
"closing",
"time",
"was",
"equally",
"firmly",
"enforced",
"by",
"the",
"police",
";",
"a",
"landlord",
"might",
"lose",
"his",
"licence",
"for",
"infractions",
".",
"Pubs",
"were",
"closed",
"under",
"the",
"Act",
"and",
"compensation",
"paid",
",",
"for",
"example",
"in",
"Pembrokeshire",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
17,
22,
32,
35,
39,
47,
50,
54,
60,
64,
67,
74,
78,
80,
85,
87,
93,
98,
102,
115,
118,
128,
132,
136,
147,
150,
154,
160,
164,
172,
180,
182,
193,
197,
199,
207,
213,
216,
219,
229,
232,
236,
241,
249,
251,
253,
261,
265,
269,
274,
283,
289,
293,
303,
305,
309,
317,
322,
326,
334,
341,
350,
353,
357,
363,
365,
367,
376,
382,
387,
391,
399,
403,
414,
416,
421,
426,
433,
439,
443,
447,
451,
464,
468,
470,
474,
482,
485,
498
]
} | ae1f962c07f946eebaf4384330273fdc | In what month and year was the Defence of the Realm Act passed? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"month",
"and",
"year",
"was",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"passed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
14,
18,
23,
27,
31,
39,
42,
46,
52,
56,
62
]
} | {
"text": [
"August 1914"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
67
],
"end": [
77
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
12
],
"end": [
13
]
}
]
} | [
"August 1914"
] |
SQuAD | The restrictions were tightened by the Defence of the Realm Act of August 1914, which, along with the introduction of rationing and the censorship of the press for wartime purposes, restricted pubs' opening hours to 12 noon–2:30 pm and 6:30 pm–9:30 pm. Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions. Pubs were closed under the Act and compensation paid, for example in Pembrokeshire. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"restrictions",
"were",
"tightened",
"by",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"of",
"August",
"1914",
",",
"which",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"rationing",
"and",
"the",
"censorship",
"of",
"the",
"press",
"for",
"wartime",
"purposes",
",",
"restricted",
"pubs",
"'",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"12",
"noon–2:30",
"pm",
"and",
"6:30",
"pm–9:30",
"pm",
".",
"Opening",
"for",
"the",
"full",
"licensed",
"hours",
"was",
"compulsory",
",",
"and",
"closing",
"time",
"was",
"equally",
"firmly",
"enforced",
"by",
"the",
"police",
";",
"a",
"landlord",
"might",
"lose",
"his",
"licence",
"for",
"infractions",
".",
"Pubs",
"were",
"closed",
"under",
"the",
"Act",
"and",
"compensation",
"paid",
",",
"for",
"example",
"in",
"Pembrokeshire",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
17,
22,
32,
35,
39,
47,
50,
54,
60,
64,
67,
74,
78,
80,
85,
87,
93,
98,
102,
115,
118,
128,
132,
136,
147,
150,
154,
160,
164,
172,
180,
182,
193,
197,
199,
207,
213,
216,
219,
229,
232,
236,
241,
249,
251,
253,
261,
265,
269,
274,
283,
289,
293,
303,
305,
309,
317,
322,
326,
334,
341,
350,
353,
357,
363,
365,
367,
376,
382,
387,
391,
399,
403,
414,
416,
421,
426,
433,
439,
443,
447,
451,
464,
468,
470,
474,
482,
485,
498
]
} | 796a2f3de9ef4b88b1ff3112e4fcced4 | Along with the period 6:30 pm–9:30 pm, what opening hours were acceptable under the Defence of the Realm Act? | {
"tokens": [
"Along",
"with",
"the",
"period",
"6:30",
"pm–9:30",
"pm",
",",
"what",
"opening",
"hours",
"were",
"acceptable",
"under",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
15,
22,
27,
35,
37,
39,
44,
52,
58,
63,
74,
80,
84,
92,
95,
99,
105,
108
]
} | {
"text": [
"12 noon–2:30 pm"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
216
],
"end": [
230
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
39
],
"end": [
41
]
}
]
} | [
"12 noon–2:30 pm"
] |
SQuAD | The restrictions were tightened by the Defence of the Realm Act of August 1914, which, along with the introduction of rationing and the censorship of the press for wartime purposes, restricted pubs' opening hours to 12 noon–2:30 pm and 6:30 pm–9:30 pm. Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions. Pubs were closed under the Act and compensation paid, for example in Pembrokeshire. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"restrictions",
"were",
"tightened",
"by",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"of",
"August",
"1914",
",",
"which",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"rationing",
"and",
"the",
"censorship",
"of",
"the",
"press",
"for",
"wartime",
"purposes",
",",
"restricted",
"pubs",
"'",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"12",
"noon–2:30",
"pm",
"and",
"6:30",
"pm–9:30",
"pm",
".",
"Opening",
"for",
"the",
"full",
"licensed",
"hours",
"was",
"compulsory",
",",
"and",
"closing",
"time",
"was",
"equally",
"firmly",
"enforced",
"by",
"the",
"police",
";",
"a",
"landlord",
"might",
"lose",
"his",
"licence",
"for",
"infractions",
".",
"Pubs",
"were",
"closed",
"under",
"the",
"Act",
"and",
"compensation",
"paid",
",",
"for",
"example",
"in",
"Pembrokeshire",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
17,
22,
32,
35,
39,
47,
50,
54,
60,
64,
67,
74,
78,
80,
85,
87,
93,
98,
102,
115,
118,
128,
132,
136,
147,
150,
154,
160,
164,
172,
180,
182,
193,
197,
199,
207,
213,
216,
219,
229,
232,
236,
241,
249,
251,
253,
261,
265,
269,
274,
283,
289,
293,
303,
305,
309,
317,
322,
326,
334,
341,
350,
353,
357,
363,
365,
367,
376,
382,
387,
391,
399,
403,
414,
416,
421,
426,
433,
439,
443,
447,
451,
464,
468,
470,
474,
482,
485,
498
]
} | e9a36adcf08c4e21b4a0aac8fa64e740 | What is an example of a county where provinces were closed for violating the Defence of the Realm Act? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"an",
"example",
"of",
"a",
"county",
"where",
"provinces",
"were",
"closed",
"for",
"violating",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
11,
19,
22,
24,
31,
37,
47,
52,
59,
63,
73,
77,
85,
88,
92,
98,
101
]
} | {
"text": [
"Pembrokeshire"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
485
],
"end": [
497
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
89
],
"end": [
89
]
}
]
} | [
"Pembrokeshire"
] |
SQuAD | The restrictions were tightened by the Defence of the Realm Act of August 1914, which, along with the introduction of rationing and the censorship of the press for wartime purposes, restricted pubs' opening hours to 12 noon–2:30 pm and 6:30 pm–9:30 pm. Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions. Pubs were closed under the Act and compensation paid, for example in Pembrokeshire. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"restrictions",
"were",
"tightened",
"by",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"of",
"August",
"1914",
",",
"which",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"rationing",
"and",
"the",
"censorship",
"of",
"the",
"press",
"for",
"wartime",
"purposes",
",",
"restricted",
"pubs",
"'",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"12",
"noon–2:30",
"pm",
"and",
"6:30",
"pm–9:30",
"pm",
".",
"Opening",
"for",
"the",
"full",
"licensed",
"hours",
"was",
"compulsory",
",",
"and",
"closing",
"time",
"was",
"equally",
"firmly",
"enforced",
"by",
"the",
"police",
";",
"a",
"landlord",
"might",
"lose",
"his",
"licence",
"for",
"infractions",
".",
"Pubs",
"were",
"closed",
"under",
"the",
"Act",
"and",
"compensation",
"paid",
",",
"for",
"example",
"in",
"Pembrokeshire",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
17,
22,
32,
35,
39,
47,
50,
54,
60,
64,
67,
74,
78,
80,
85,
87,
93,
98,
102,
115,
118,
128,
132,
136,
147,
150,
154,
160,
164,
172,
180,
182,
193,
197,
199,
207,
213,
216,
219,
229,
232,
236,
241,
249,
251,
253,
261,
265,
269,
274,
283,
289,
293,
303,
305,
309,
317,
322,
326,
334,
341,
350,
353,
357,
363,
365,
367,
376,
382,
387,
391,
399,
403,
414,
416,
421,
426,
433,
439,
443,
447,
451,
464,
468,
470,
474,
482,
485,
498
]
} | 8a2ff8f1ce9e4042b393112a17d54f59 | What body enforced pubs' closing hours under the Defence of the Realm Act? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"body",
"enforced",
"pubs",
"'",
"closing",
"hours",
"under",
"the",
"Defence",
"of",
"the",
"Realm",
"Act",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
19,
23,
25,
33,
39,
45,
49,
57,
60,
64,
70,
73
]
} | {
"text": [
"the police"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
353
],
"end": [
362
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
64
],
"end": [
65
]
}
]
} | [
"the police"
] |
SQuAD | In the 1970s, the United States began developing a new generation of reusable orbital spacecraft known as the Space Shuttle, and launched a range of unmanned probes. The USSR continued to develop space station technology with the Salyut program and Mir ('Peace' or 'World', depending on the context) space station, supported by Soyuz spacecraft. They developed their own large space shuttle under the Buran program. However, the USSR dissolved in 1991 and the remains of its space program were distributed to various Eastern European countries. The United States and Russia would work together in space with the Shuttle–Mir Program, and again with the International Space Station. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"1970s",
",",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"began",
"developing",
"a",
"new",
"generation",
"of",
"reusable",
"orbital",
"spacecraft",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"Space",
"Shuttle",
",",
"and",
"launched",
"a",
"range",
"of",
"unmanned",
"probes",
".",
"The",
"USSR",
"continued",
"to",
"develop",
"space",
"station",
"technology",
"with",
"the",
"Salyut",
"program",
"and",
"Mir",
"(",
"'",
"Peace",
"'",
"or",
"'",
"World",
"'",
",",
"depending",
"on",
"the",
"context",
")",
"space",
"station",
",",
"supported",
"by",
"Soyuz",
"spacecraft",
".",
"They",
"developed",
"their",
"own",
"large",
"space",
"shuttle",
"under",
"the",
"Buran",
"program",
".",
"However",
",",
"the",
"USSR",
"dissolved",
"in",
"1991",
"and",
"the",
"remains",
"of",
"its",
"space",
"program",
"were",
"distributed",
"to",
"various",
"Eastern",
"European",
"countries",
".",
"The",
"United",
"States",
"and",
"Russia",
"would",
"work",
"together",
"in",
"space",
"with",
"the",
"Shuttle",
"–",
"Mir",
"Program",
",",
"and",
"again",
"with",
"the",
"International",
"Space",
"Station",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
12,
14,
18,
25,
32,
38,
49,
51,
55,
66,
69,
78,
86,
97,
103,
106,
110,
116,
123,
125,
129,
138,
140,
146,
149,
158,
164,
166,
170,
175,
185,
188,
196,
202,
210,
221,
226,
230,
237,
245,
249,
253,
254,
255,
260,
262,
265,
266,
271,
272,
274,
284,
287,
291,
298,
300,
306,
313,
315,
325,
328,
334,
344,
346,
351,
361,
367,
371,
377,
383,
391,
397,
401,
407,
414,
416,
423,
425,
429,
434,
444,
447,
452,
456,
460,
468,
471,
475,
481,
489,
494,
506,
509,
517,
525,
534,
543,
545,
549,
556,
563,
567,
574,
580,
585,
594,
597,
603,
608,
612,
619,
620,
624,
631,
633,
637,
643,
648,
652,
666,
672,
679
]
} | 2e663113d365489fa5e6f8beb1c85c74 | What year did the USSR disband? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"year",
"did",
"the",
"USSR",
"disband",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
14,
18,
23,
30
]
} | {
"text": [
"1991"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
447
],
"end": [
450
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
84
],
"end": [
84
]
}
]
} | [
"1991"
] |
SQuAD | The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d. Great Marlow Buckinghamshire 1742) an inventor, manufacturer and merchant of London. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"beer",
"pump",
"known",
"in",
"England",
"is",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"invented",
"by",
"John",
"Lofting",
"(",
"b.",
"Netherlands",
"1659-d",
".",
"Great",
"Marlow",
"Buckinghamshire",
"1742",
")",
"an",
"inventor",
",",
"manufacturer",
"and",
"merchant",
"of",
"London",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
15,
20,
26,
29,
37,
40,
49,
52,
57,
62,
71,
74,
79,
87,
88,
91,
103,
109,
111,
117,
124,
140,
144,
146,
149,
157,
159,
172,
176,
185,
188,
194
]
} | 59279e6fcd1045e2940af9915744f551 | Who invented the beer pump in England? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"invented",
"the",
"beer",
"pump",
"in",
"England",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
13,
17,
22,
27,
30,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"John Lofting"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
74
],
"end": [
85
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
14
],
"end": [
15
]
}
]
} | [
"John Lofting"
] |
SQuAD | The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d. Great Marlow Buckinghamshire 1742) an inventor, manufacturer and merchant of London. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"beer",
"pump",
"known",
"in",
"England",
"is",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"invented",
"by",
"John",
"Lofting",
"(",
"b.",
"Netherlands",
"1659-d",
".",
"Great",
"Marlow",
"Buckinghamshire",
"1742",
")",
"an",
"inventor",
",",
"manufacturer",
"and",
"merchant",
"of",
"London",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
15,
20,
26,
29,
37,
40,
49,
52,
57,
62,
71,
74,
79,
87,
88,
91,
103,
109,
111,
117,
124,
140,
144,
146,
149,
157,
159,
172,
176,
185,
188,
194
]
} | 679d51dd7c1a455793961de1b39ccbf1 | In what city was the beer pump invented? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"city",
"was",
"the",
"beer",
"pump",
"invented",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
26,
31,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"London"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
188
],
"end": [
193
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
33
]
}
]
} | [
"London"
] |
SQuAD | The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d. Great Marlow Buckinghamshire 1742) an inventor, manufacturer and merchant of London. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"beer",
"pump",
"known",
"in",
"England",
"is",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"invented",
"by",
"John",
"Lofting",
"(",
"b.",
"Netherlands",
"1659-d",
".",
"Great",
"Marlow",
"Buckinghamshire",
"1742",
")",
"an",
"inventor",
",",
"manufacturer",
"and",
"merchant",
"of",
"London",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
15,
20,
26,
29,
37,
40,
49,
52,
57,
62,
71,
74,
79,
87,
88,
91,
103,
109,
111,
117,
124,
140,
144,
146,
149,
157,
159,
172,
176,
185,
188,
194
]
} | e23d36be1c5948d48f110c6d3b1c38f1 | In what country was John Lofting born? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"country",
"was",
"John",
"Lofting",
"born",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
16,
20,
25,
33,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"Netherlands"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
91
],
"end": [
101
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
18
],
"end": [
18
]
}
]
} | [
"Netherlands"
] |
SQuAD | The first beer pump known in England is believed to have been invented by John Lofting (b. Netherlands 1659-d. Great Marlow Buckinghamshire 1742) an inventor, manufacturer and merchant of London. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"beer",
"pump",
"known",
"in",
"England",
"is",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"invented",
"by",
"John",
"Lofting",
"(",
"b.",
"Netherlands",
"1659-d",
".",
"Great",
"Marlow",
"Buckinghamshire",
"1742",
")",
"an",
"inventor",
",",
"manufacturer",
"and",
"merchant",
"of",
"London",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
15,
20,
26,
29,
37,
40,
49,
52,
57,
62,
71,
74,
79,
87,
88,
91,
103,
109,
111,
117,
124,
140,
144,
146,
149,
157,
159,
172,
176,
185,
188,
194
]
} | 3ed9434b387b4656b15adba2a525edd8 | What was the death year of John Lofting? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"death",
"year",
"of",
"John",
"Lofting",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
19,
24,
27,
32,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"1742"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
140
],
"end": [
143
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
24
],
"end": [
24
]
}
]
} | [
"1742"
] |
SQuAD | A "beer engine" is a device for pumping beer, originally manually operated and typically used to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"\"",
"beer",
"engine",
"\"",
"is",
"a",
"device",
"for",
"pumping",
"beer",
",",
"originally",
"manually",
"operated",
"and",
"typically",
"used",
"to",
"dispense",
"beer",
"from",
"a",
"cask",
"or",
"container",
"in",
"a",
"pub",
"'s",
"basement",
"or",
"cellar",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
3,
8,
14,
16,
19,
21,
28,
32,
40,
44,
46,
57,
66,
75,
79,
89,
94,
97,
106,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
136,
139,
141,
144,
147,
156,
159,
165
]
} | 3e00e9b8d9e348db852cf29d810e6e60 | What is a "beer engine"? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"a",
"\"",
"beer",
"engine",
"\"",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
10,
11,
16,
22,
23
]
} | {
"text": [
"a device for pumping beer"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
19
],
"end": [
43
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
10
]
}
]
} | [
"a device for pumping beer"
] |
SQuAD | A "beer engine" is a device for pumping beer, originally manually operated and typically used to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"\"",
"beer",
"engine",
"\"",
"is",
"a",
"device",
"for",
"pumping",
"beer",
",",
"originally",
"manually",
"operated",
"and",
"typically",
"used",
"to",
"dispense",
"beer",
"from",
"a",
"cask",
"or",
"container",
"in",
"a",
"pub",
"'s",
"basement",
"or",
"cellar",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
3,
8,
14,
16,
19,
21,
28,
32,
40,
44,
46,
57,
66,
75,
79,
89,
94,
97,
106,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
136,
139,
141,
144,
147,
156,
159,
165
]
} | 625be78dd2a9478cbfc7d245c9b8789c | What is the function of a "beer engine"? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"function",
"of",
"a",
"\"",
"beer",
"engine",
"\"",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
21,
24,
26,
27,
32,
38,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
94
],
"end": [
164
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
18
],
"end": [
32
]
}
]
} | [
"to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar"
] |
SQuAD | However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets. | {
"tokens": [
"However",
",",
"closing",
"times",
"were",
"increasingly",
"disregarded",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"pubs",
".",
"In",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"by",
"2000",
"pubs",
"could",
"legally",
"open",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"(",
"12",
"noon",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
"through",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"(",
"10:30",
"pm",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
".",
"That",
"year",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"allow",
"continuous",
"opening",
"for",
"36",
"hours",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Eve",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Day",
".",
"In",
"addition",
",",
"many",
"cities",
"had",
"by",
"-",
"laws",
"to",
"allow",
"some",
"pubs",
"to",
"extend",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"midnight",
"or",
"1",
"am",
",",
"whilst",
"nightclubs",
"had",
"long",
"been",
"granted",
"late",
"licences",
"to",
"serve",
"alcohol",
"into",
"the",
"morning",
".",
"Pubs",
"near",
"London",
"'s",
"Smithfield",
"market",
",",
"Billingsgate",
"fish",
"market",
"and",
"Covent",
"Garden",
"fruit",
"and",
"flower",
"market",
"could",
"stay",
"open",
"24",
"hours",
"a",
"day",
"since",
"Victorian",
"times",
"to",
"provide",
"a",
"service",
"to",
"the",
"shift",
"working",
"employees",
"of",
"the",
"markets",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
9,
17,
23,
28,
41,
53,
56,
60,
68,
72,
74,
77,
85,
89,
95,
98,
103,
108,
114,
122,
127,
132,
135,
138,
139,
142,
147,
150,
157,
159,
167,
170,
173,
176,
177,
183,
186,
189,
196,
197,
199,
204,
209,
213,
218,
222,
228,
231,
237,
248,
256,
260,
263,
269,
274,
277,
280,
283,
287,
291,
294,
298,
301,
304,
307,
310,
314,
318,
321,
324,
326,
329,
337,
339,
344,
351,
355,
357,
358,
363,
366,
372,
377,
382,
385,
392,
400,
406,
409,
418,
421,
423,
425,
427,
434,
445,
449,
454,
459,
467,
472,
481,
484,
490,
498,
503,
507,
514,
516,
521,
526,
532,
535,
546,
552,
554,
567,
572,
579,
583,
590,
597,
603,
607,
614,
621,
627,
632,
637,
640,
646,
648,
652,
658,
668,
674,
677,
685,
687,
695,
698,
702,
708,
716,
726,
729,
733,
740
]
} | 9330e4431897417db9d97548524c769e | Circa 2000, what was the latest pubs in Wales could be open until on every day but Sunday? | {
"tokens": [
"Circa",
"2000",
",",
"what",
"was",
"the",
"latest",
"pubs",
"in",
"Wales",
"could",
"be",
"open",
"until",
"on",
"every",
"day",
"but",
"Sunday",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
12,
17,
21,
25,
32,
37,
40,
46,
52,
55,
60,
66,
69,
75,
79,
83,
89
]
} | {
"text": [
"11 pm"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
170
],
"end": [
174
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
34
]
}
]
} | [
"11 pm"
] |
SQuAD | However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets. | {
"tokens": [
"However",
",",
"closing",
"times",
"were",
"increasingly",
"disregarded",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"pubs",
".",
"In",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"by",
"2000",
"pubs",
"could",
"legally",
"open",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"(",
"12",
"noon",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
"through",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"(",
"10:30",
"pm",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
".",
"That",
"year",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"allow",
"continuous",
"opening",
"for",
"36",
"hours",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Eve",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Day",
".",
"In",
"addition",
",",
"many",
"cities",
"had",
"by",
"-",
"laws",
"to",
"allow",
"some",
"pubs",
"to",
"extend",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"midnight",
"or",
"1",
"am",
",",
"whilst",
"nightclubs",
"had",
"long",
"been",
"granted",
"late",
"licences",
"to",
"serve",
"alcohol",
"into",
"the",
"morning",
".",
"Pubs",
"near",
"London",
"'s",
"Smithfield",
"market",
",",
"Billingsgate",
"fish",
"market",
"and",
"Covent",
"Garden",
"fruit",
"and",
"flower",
"market",
"could",
"stay",
"open",
"24",
"hours",
"a",
"day",
"since",
"Victorian",
"times",
"to",
"provide",
"a",
"service",
"to",
"the",
"shift",
"working",
"employees",
"of",
"the",
"markets",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
9,
17,
23,
28,
41,
53,
56,
60,
68,
72,
74,
77,
85,
89,
95,
98,
103,
108,
114,
122,
127,
132,
135,
138,
139,
142,
147,
150,
157,
159,
167,
170,
173,
176,
177,
183,
186,
189,
196,
197,
199,
204,
209,
213,
218,
222,
228,
231,
237,
248,
256,
260,
263,
269,
274,
277,
280,
283,
287,
291,
294,
298,
301,
304,
307,
310,
314,
318,
321,
324,
326,
329,
337,
339,
344,
351,
355,
357,
358,
363,
366,
372,
377,
382,
385,
392,
400,
406,
409,
418,
421,
423,
425,
427,
434,
445,
449,
454,
459,
467,
472,
481,
484,
490,
498,
503,
507,
514,
516,
521,
526,
532,
535,
546,
552,
554,
567,
572,
579,
583,
590,
597,
603,
607,
614,
621,
627,
632,
637,
640,
646,
648,
652,
658,
668,
674,
677,
685,
687,
695,
698,
702,
708,
716,
726,
729,
733,
740
]
} | d18442de744e4da7a8fddea88e9b9214 | What was the latest legal closing time on Sundays in English pubs as of 2000? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"latest",
"legal",
"closing",
"time",
"on",
"Sundays",
"in",
"English",
"pubs",
"as",
"of",
"2000",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
20,
26,
34,
39,
42,
50,
53,
61,
66,
69,
72,
76
]
} | {
"text": [
"10:30 pm"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
177
],
"end": [
184
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
36
],
"end": [
37
]
}
]
} | [
"10:30 pm"
] |
SQuAD | However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets. | {
"tokens": [
"However",
",",
"closing",
"times",
"were",
"increasingly",
"disregarded",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"pubs",
".",
"In",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"by",
"2000",
"pubs",
"could",
"legally",
"open",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"(",
"12",
"noon",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
"through",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"(",
"10:30",
"pm",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
".",
"That",
"year",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"allow",
"continuous",
"opening",
"for",
"36",
"hours",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Eve",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Day",
".",
"In",
"addition",
",",
"many",
"cities",
"had",
"by",
"-",
"laws",
"to",
"allow",
"some",
"pubs",
"to",
"extend",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"midnight",
"or",
"1",
"am",
",",
"whilst",
"nightclubs",
"had",
"long",
"been",
"granted",
"late",
"licences",
"to",
"serve",
"alcohol",
"into",
"the",
"morning",
".",
"Pubs",
"near",
"London",
"'s",
"Smithfield",
"market",
",",
"Billingsgate",
"fish",
"market",
"and",
"Covent",
"Garden",
"fruit",
"and",
"flower",
"market",
"could",
"stay",
"open",
"24",
"hours",
"a",
"day",
"since",
"Victorian",
"times",
"to",
"provide",
"a",
"service",
"to",
"the",
"shift",
"working",
"employees",
"of",
"the",
"markets",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
9,
17,
23,
28,
41,
53,
56,
60,
68,
72,
74,
77,
85,
89,
95,
98,
103,
108,
114,
122,
127,
132,
135,
138,
139,
142,
147,
150,
157,
159,
167,
170,
173,
176,
177,
183,
186,
189,
196,
197,
199,
204,
209,
213,
218,
222,
228,
231,
237,
248,
256,
260,
263,
269,
274,
277,
280,
283,
287,
291,
294,
298,
301,
304,
307,
310,
314,
318,
321,
324,
326,
329,
337,
339,
344,
351,
355,
357,
358,
363,
366,
372,
377,
382,
385,
392,
400,
406,
409,
418,
421,
423,
425,
427,
434,
445,
449,
454,
459,
467,
472,
481,
484,
490,
498,
503,
507,
514,
516,
521,
526,
532,
535,
546,
552,
554,
567,
572,
579,
583,
590,
597,
603,
607,
614,
621,
627,
632,
637,
640,
646,
648,
652,
658,
668,
674,
677,
685,
687,
695,
698,
702,
708,
716,
726,
729,
733,
740
]
} | f0b71c6f96b44654b7d16faba3d0b170 | How many hours per day were pubs located near Billingsgate fish market allowed to remain open? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"hours",
"per",
"day",
"were",
"pubs",
"located",
"near",
"Billingsgate",
"fish",
"market",
"allowed",
"to",
"remain",
"open",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
15,
19,
23,
28,
33,
41,
46,
59,
64,
71,
79,
82,
89,
93
]
} | {
"text": [
"24"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
637
],
"end": [
638
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
130
],
"end": [
130
]
}
]
} | [
"24"
] |
SQuAD | However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets. | {
"tokens": [
"However",
",",
"closing",
"times",
"were",
"increasingly",
"disregarded",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"pubs",
".",
"In",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"by",
"2000",
"pubs",
"could",
"legally",
"open",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"(",
"12",
"noon",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
"through",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"(",
"10:30",
"pm",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
".",
"That",
"year",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"allow",
"continuous",
"opening",
"for",
"36",
"hours",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Eve",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Day",
".",
"In",
"addition",
",",
"many",
"cities",
"had",
"by",
"-",
"laws",
"to",
"allow",
"some",
"pubs",
"to",
"extend",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"midnight",
"or",
"1",
"am",
",",
"whilst",
"nightclubs",
"had",
"long",
"been",
"granted",
"late",
"licences",
"to",
"serve",
"alcohol",
"into",
"the",
"morning",
".",
"Pubs",
"near",
"London",
"'s",
"Smithfield",
"market",
",",
"Billingsgate",
"fish",
"market",
"and",
"Covent",
"Garden",
"fruit",
"and",
"flower",
"market",
"could",
"stay",
"open",
"24",
"hours",
"a",
"day",
"since",
"Victorian",
"times",
"to",
"provide",
"a",
"service",
"to",
"the",
"shift",
"working",
"employees",
"of",
"the",
"markets",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
9,
17,
23,
28,
41,
53,
56,
60,
68,
72,
74,
77,
85,
89,
95,
98,
103,
108,
114,
122,
127,
132,
135,
138,
139,
142,
147,
150,
157,
159,
167,
170,
173,
176,
177,
183,
186,
189,
196,
197,
199,
204,
209,
213,
218,
222,
228,
231,
237,
248,
256,
260,
263,
269,
274,
277,
280,
283,
287,
291,
294,
298,
301,
304,
307,
310,
314,
318,
321,
324,
326,
329,
337,
339,
344,
351,
355,
357,
358,
363,
366,
372,
377,
382,
385,
392,
400,
406,
409,
418,
421,
423,
425,
427,
434,
445,
449,
454,
459,
467,
472,
481,
484,
490,
498,
503,
507,
514,
516,
521,
526,
532,
535,
546,
552,
554,
567,
572,
579,
583,
590,
597,
603,
607,
614,
621,
627,
632,
637,
640,
646,
648,
652,
658,
668,
674,
677,
685,
687,
695,
698,
702,
708,
716,
726,
729,
733,
740
]
} | 0473a9b85fe24ffb9d544dba849af6c6 | In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on Sundays? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2000",
",",
"what",
"was",
"the",
"earliest",
"Welsh",
"and",
"English",
"pubs",
"could",
"open",
"on",
"Sundays",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
14,
18,
22,
31,
37,
41,
49,
54,
60,
65,
68,
75
]
} | {
"text": [
"12 noon"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
139
],
"end": [
145
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
26
],
"end": [
27
]
}
]
} | [
"12 noon"
] |
SQuAD | However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets. | {
"tokens": [
"However",
",",
"closing",
"times",
"were",
"increasingly",
"disregarded",
"in",
"the",
"country",
"pubs",
".",
"In",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"by",
"2000",
"pubs",
"could",
"legally",
"open",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"(",
"12",
"noon",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
"through",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"(",
"10:30",
"pm",
"on",
"Sundays",
")",
".",
"That",
"year",
"was",
"also",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"allow",
"continuous",
"opening",
"for",
"36",
"hours",
"from",
"11",
"am",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Eve",
"to",
"11",
"pm",
"on",
"New",
"Year",
"'s",
"Day",
".",
"In",
"addition",
",",
"many",
"cities",
"had",
"by",
"-",
"laws",
"to",
"allow",
"some",
"pubs",
"to",
"extend",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"midnight",
"or",
"1",
"am",
",",
"whilst",
"nightclubs",
"had",
"long",
"been",
"granted",
"late",
"licences",
"to",
"serve",
"alcohol",
"into",
"the",
"morning",
".",
"Pubs",
"near",
"London",
"'s",
"Smithfield",
"market",
",",
"Billingsgate",
"fish",
"market",
"and",
"Covent",
"Garden",
"fruit",
"and",
"flower",
"market",
"could",
"stay",
"open",
"24",
"hours",
"a",
"day",
"since",
"Victorian",
"times",
"to",
"provide",
"a",
"service",
"to",
"the",
"shift",
"working",
"employees",
"of",
"the",
"markets",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
9,
17,
23,
28,
41,
53,
56,
60,
68,
72,
74,
77,
85,
89,
95,
98,
103,
108,
114,
122,
127,
132,
135,
138,
139,
142,
147,
150,
157,
159,
167,
170,
173,
176,
177,
183,
186,
189,
196,
197,
199,
204,
209,
213,
218,
222,
228,
231,
237,
248,
256,
260,
263,
269,
274,
277,
280,
283,
287,
291,
294,
298,
301,
304,
307,
310,
314,
318,
321,
324,
326,
329,
337,
339,
344,
351,
355,
357,
358,
363,
366,
372,
377,
382,
385,
392,
400,
406,
409,
418,
421,
423,
425,
427,
434,
445,
449,
454,
459,
467,
472,
481,
484,
490,
498,
503,
507,
514,
516,
521,
526,
532,
535,
546,
552,
554,
567,
572,
579,
583,
590,
597,
603,
607,
614,
621,
627,
632,
637,
640,
646,
648,
652,
658,
668,
674,
677,
685,
687,
695,
698,
702,
708,
716,
726,
729,
733,
740
]
} | c12d35761d144725a738abe738740d00 | In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on any day but Sunday? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2000",
",",
"what",
"was",
"the",
"earliest",
"Welsh",
"and",
"English",
"pubs",
"could",
"open",
"on",
"any",
"day",
"but",
"Sunday",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
14,
18,
22,
31,
37,
41,
49,
54,
60,
65,
68,
72,
76,
80,
86
]
} | {
"text": [
"11 am"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
132
],
"end": [
136
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
23
],
"end": [
24
]
}
]
} | [
"11 am"
] |
SQuAD | The London Gazette of 17 March 1691 published a patent in favour of John Lofting for a fire engine, but remarked upon and recommended another invention of his, for a beer pump: | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"London",
"Gazette",
"of",
"17",
"March",
"1691",
"published",
"a",
"patent",
"in",
"favour",
"of",
"John",
"Lofting",
"for",
"a",
"fire",
"engine",
",",
"but",
"remarked",
"upon",
"and",
"recommended",
"another",
"invention",
"of",
"his",
",",
"for",
"a",
"beer",
"pump",
":"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
19,
22,
25,
31,
36,
46,
48,
55,
58,
65,
68,
73,
81,
85,
87,
92,
98,
100,
104,
113,
118,
122,
134,
142,
152,
155,
158,
160,
164,
166,
171,
175
]
} | 22c12d0e859241c6a47ba6fb6c1d66b0 | In what newspaper did John Lofting mention his beer pump? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"newspaper",
"did",
"John",
"Lofting",
"mention",
"his",
"beer",
"pump",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
18,
22,
27,
35,
43,
47,
52,
56
]
} | {
"text": [
"London Gazette"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
17
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
2
]
}
]
} | [
"London Gazette"
] |
SQuAD | The London Gazette of 17 March 1691 published a patent in favour of John Lofting for a fire engine, but remarked upon and recommended another invention of his, for a beer pump: | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"London",
"Gazette",
"of",
"17",
"March",
"1691",
"published",
"a",
"patent",
"in",
"favour",
"of",
"John",
"Lofting",
"for",
"a",
"fire",
"engine",
",",
"but",
"remarked",
"upon",
"and",
"recommended",
"another",
"invention",
"of",
"his",
",",
"for",
"a",
"beer",
"pump",
":"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
19,
22,
25,
31,
36,
46,
48,
55,
58,
65,
68,
73,
81,
85,
87,
92,
98,
100,
104,
113,
118,
122,
134,
142,
152,
155,
158,
160,
164,
166,
171,
175
]
} | 8cad298de3a04647b7d09789d3920d8d | On what day was Lofting's fire engine patent published? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"day",
"was",
"Lofting",
"'s",
"fire",
"engine",
"patent",
"published",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
12,
16,
23,
26,
31,
38,
45,
54
]
} | {
"text": [
"17 March 1691"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
34
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
6
]
}
]
} | [
"17 March 1691"
] |
SQuAD | Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the British engineer and railway builder, introduced the idea of a circular bar into the Swindon station pub in order that customers were served quickly and did not delay his trains. These island bars became popular as they also allowed staff to serve customers in several different rooms surrounding the bar. | {
"tokens": [
"Isambard",
"Kingdom",
"Brunel",
",",
"the",
"British",
"engineer",
"and",
"railway",
"builder",
",",
"introduced",
"the",
"idea",
"of",
"a",
"circular",
"bar",
"into",
"the",
"Swindon",
"station",
"pub",
"in",
"order",
"that",
"customers",
"were",
"served",
"quickly",
"and",
"did",
"not",
"delay",
"his",
"trains",
".",
"These",
"island",
"bars",
"became",
"popular",
"as",
"they",
"also",
"allowed",
"staff",
"to",
"serve",
"customers",
"in",
"several",
"different",
"rooms",
"surrounding",
"the",
"bar",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
17,
23,
25,
29,
37,
46,
50,
58,
65,
67,
78,
82,
87,
90,
92,
101,
105,
110,
114,
122,
130,
134,
137,
143,
148,
158,
163,
170,
178,
182,
186,
190,
196,
200,
206,
208,
214,
221,
226,
233,
241,
244,
249,
254,
262,
268,
271,
277,
287,
290,
298,
308,
314,
326,
330,
333
]
} | 8c62f92603f4458e8e851d8944763aaa | Who pioneered the circular bar? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"pioneered",
"the",
"circular",
"bar",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
14,
18,
27,
30
]
} | {
"text": [
"Isambard Kingdom Brunel"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
0
],
"end": [
22
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
0
],
"end": [
2
]
}
]
} | [
"Isambard Kingdom Brunel"
] |
SQuAD | Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the British engineer and railway builder, introduced the idea of a circular bar into the Swindon station pub in order that customers were served quickly and did not delay his trains. These island bars became popular as they also allowed staff to serve customers in several different rooms surrounding the bar. | {
"tokens": [
"Isambard",
"Kingdom",
"Brunel",
",",
"the",
"British",
"engineer",
"and",
"railway",
"builder",
",",
"introduced",
"the",
"idea",
"of",
"a",
"circular",
"bar",
"into",
"the",
"Swindon",
"station",
"pub",
"in",
"order",
"that",
"customers",
"were",
"served",
"quickly",
"and",
"did",
"not",
"delay",
"his",
"trains",
".",
"These",
"island",
"bars",
"became",
"popular",
"as",
"they",
"also",
"allowed",
"staff",
"to",
"serve",
"customers",
"in",
"several",
"different",
"rooms",
"surrounding",
"the",
"bar",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
17,
23,
25,
29,
37,
46,
50,
58,
65,
67,
78,
82,
87,
90,
92,
101,
105,
110,
114,
122,
130,
134,
137,
143,
148,
158,
163,
170,
178,
182,
186,
190,
196,
200,
206,
208,
214,
221,
226,
233,
241,
244,
249,
254,
262,
268,
271,
277,
287,
290,
298,
308,
314,
326,
330,
333
]
} | 3081eb8bd0f1409b86e582e472e91375 | At what establishment was the circular bar introduced? | {
"tokens": [
"At",
"what",
"establishment",
"was",
"the",
"circular",
"bar",
"introduced",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
22,
26,
30,
39,
43,
53
]
} | {
"text": [
"Swindon station pub"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
114
],
"end": [
132
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
20
],
"end": [
22
]
}
]
} | [
"Swindon station pub"
] |
SQuAD | Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the British engineer and railway builder, introduced the idea of a circular bar into the Swindon station pub in order that customers were served quickly and did not delay his trains. These island bars became popular as they also allowed staff to serve customers in several different rooms surrounding the bar. | {
"tokens": [
"Isambard",
"Kingdom",
"Brunel",
",",
"the",
"British",
"engineer",
"and",
"railway",
"builder",
",",
"introduced",
"the",
"idea",
"of",
"a",
"circular",
"bar",
"into",
"the",
"Swindon",
"station",
"pub",
"in",
"order",
"that",
"customers",
"were",
"served",
"quickly",
"and",
"did",
"not",
"delay",
"his",
"trains",
".",
"These",
"island",
"bars",
"became",
"popular",
"as",
"they",
"also",
"allowed",
"staff",
"to",
"serve",
"customers",
"in",
"several",
"different",
"rooms",
"surrounding",
"the",
"bar",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
17,
23,
25,
29,
37,
46,
50,
58,
65,
67,
78,
82,
87,
90,
92,
101,
105,
110,
114,
122,
130,
134,
137,
143,
148,
158,
163,
170,
178,
182,
186,
190,
196,
200,
206,
208,
214,
221,
226,
233,
241,
244,
249,
254,
262,
268,
271,
277,
287,
290,
298,
308,
314,
326,
330,
333
]
} | 0f0f075cf4a14b45b8aa86dd4df91c98 | What was Isambard Brunel's occuption? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"Isambard",
"Brunel",
"'s",
"occuption",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
18,
24,
27,
36
]
} | {
"text": [
"engineer and railway builder"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
37
],
"end": [
64
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
9
]
}
]
} | [
"engineer and railway builder"
] |
SQuAD | Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the British engineer and railway builder, introduced the idea of a circular bar into the Swindon station pub in order that customers were served quickly and did not delay his trains. These island bars became popular as they also allowed staff to serve customers in several different rooms surrounding the bar. | {
"tokens": [
"Isambard",
"Kingdom",
"Brunel",
",",
"the",
"British",
"engineer",
"and",
"railway",
"builder",
",",
"introduced",
"the",
"idea",
"of",
"a",
"circular",
"bar",
"into",
"the",
"Swindon",
"station",
"pub",
"in",
"order",
"that",
"customers",
"were",
"served",
"quickly",
"and",
"did",
"not",
"delay",
"his",
"trains",
".",
"These",
"island",
"bars",
"became",
"popular",
"as",
"they",
"also",
"allowed",
"staff",
"to",
"serve",
"customers",
"in",
"several",
"different",
"rooms",
"surrounding",
"the",
"bar",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
17,
23,
25,
29,
37,
46,
50,
58,
65,
67,
78,
82,
87,
90,
92,
101,
105,
110,
114,
122,
130,
134,
137,
143,
148,
158,
163,
170,
178,
182,
186,
190,
196,
200,
206,
208,
214,
221,
226,
233,
241,
244,
249,
254,
262,
268,
271,
277,
287,
290,
298,
308,
314,
326,
330,
333
]
} | 48e9828f83b44a1c930492d82d67c493 | What was Isambard Brunel's nationality? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"Isambard",
"Brunel",
"'s",
"nationality",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
18,
24,
27,
38
]
} | {
"text": [
"British"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
29
],
"end": [
35
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
5
],
"end": [
5
]
}
]
} | [
"British"
] |
SQuAD | By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed] | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"20th",
"century",
",",
"the",
"saloon",
",",
"or",
"lounge",
"bar",
",",
"had",
"become",
"a",
"middle",
"-",
"class",
"room[citation",
"needed]—carpets",
"on",
"the",
"floor",
",",
"cushions",
"on",
"the",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"a",
"penny",
"or",
"two",
"on",
"the",
"prices,[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"while",
"the",
"public",
"bar",
",",
"or",
"tap",
"room",
",",
"remained",
"working",
"class",
"with",
"bare",
"boards",
",",
"sometimes",
"with",
"sawdust",
"to",
"absorb",
"the",
"spitting",
"and",
"spillages",
"(",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"spit",
"and",
"sawdust",
"\"",
")",
",",
"hard",
"bench",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"cheap",
"beer[citation",
"needed].",
"This",
"bar",
"was",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"four",
"-",
"ale",
"bar",
"from",
"the",
"days",
"when",
"the",
"cheapest",
"beer",
"served",
"there",
"cost",
"4",
"pence",
"(",
"4d",
")",
"a",
"quart.[citation",
"needed",
"]"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
12,
19,
21,
25,
31,
33,
36,
43,
46,
48,
52,
59,
61,
67,
68,
74,
88,
104,
107,
111,
116,
118,
127,
130,
134,
139,
141,
145,
147,
153,
156,
160,
163,
167,
184,
190,
192,
198,
202,
209,
212,
214,
217,
221,
225,
227,
236,
244,
250,
255,
260,
266,
268,
278,
283,
291,
294,
301,
305,
314,
318,
328,
329,
335,
338,
339,
344,
348,
355,
356,
357,
359,
364,
370,
375,
377,
381,
387,
401,
410,
415,
419,
423,
429,
432,
436,
440,
441,
445,
449,
454,
458,
463,
468,
472,
481,
486,
493,
499,
504,
506,
512,
513,
515,
517,
519,
535,
541
]
} | 0fd0e3dd432a4424a88ee1e04a3d13dd | What socioeconomic class was associated with the lounge bar in the 20th century? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"socioeconomic",
"class",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"lounge",
"bar",
"in",
"the",
"20th",
"century",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
19,
25,
29,
40,
45,
49,
56,
60,
63,
67,
72,
79
]
} | {
"text": [
"middle-class"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
61
],
"end": [
72
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
15
],
"end": [
17
]
}
]
} | [
"middle-class"
] |
SQuAD | By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed] | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"20th",
"century",
",",
"the",
"saloon",
",",
"or",
"lounge",
"bar",
",",
"had",
"become",
"a",
"middle",
"-",
"class",
"room[citation",
"needed]—carpets",
"on",
"the",
"floor",
",",
"cushions",
"on",
"the",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"a",
"penny",
"or",
"two",
"on",
"the",
"prices,[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"while",
"the",
"public",
"bar",
",",
"or",
"tap",
"room",
",",
"remained",
"working",
"class",
"with",
"bare",
"boards",
",",
"sometimes",
"with",
"sawdust",
"to",
"absorb",
"the",
"spitting",
"and",
"spillages",
"(",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"spit",
"and",
"sawdust",
"\"",
")",
",",
"hard",
"bench",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"cheap",
"beer[citation",
"needed].",
"This",
"bar",
"was",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"four",
"-",
"ale",
"bar",
"from",
"the",
"days",
"when",
"the",
"cheapest",
"beer",
"served",
"there",
"cost",
"4",
"pence",
"(",
"4d",
")",
"a",
"quart.[citation",
"needed",
"]"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
12,
19,
21,
25,
31,
33,
36,
43,
46,
48,
52,
59,
61,
67,
68,
74,
88,
104,
107,
111,
116,
118,
127,
130,
134,
139,
141,
145,
147,
153,
156,
160,
163,
167,
184,
190,
192,
198,
202,
209,
212,
214,
217,
221,
225,
227,
236,
244,
250,
255,
260,
266,
268,
278,
283,
291,
294,
301,
305,
314,
318,
328,
329,
335,
338,
339,
344,
348,
355,
356,
357,
359,
364,
370,
375,
377,
381,
387,
401,
410,
415,
419,
423,
429,
432,
436,
440,
441,
445,
449,
454,
458,
463,
468,
472,
481,
486,
493,
499,
504,
506,
512,
513,
515,
517,
519,
535,
541
]
} | f1ff574063274ab68191c05edb43853c | What economic class was most likely to be found in the tap room? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"economic",
"class",
"was",
"most",
"likely",
"to",
"be",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"tap",
"room",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
20,
24,
29,
36,
39,
42,
48,
51,
55,
59,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"working class"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
236
],
"end": [
248
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
49
],
"end": [
50
]
}
]
} | [
"working class"
] |
SQuAD | By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed] | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"20th",
"century",
",",
"the",
"saloon",
",",
"or",
"lounge",
"bar",
",",
"had",
"become",
"a",
"middle",
"-",
"class",
"room[citation",
"needed]—carpets",
"on",
"the",
"floor",
",",
"cushions",
"on",
"the",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"a",
"penny",
"or",
"two",
"on",
"the",
"prices,[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"while",
"the",
"public",
"bar",
",",
"or",
"tap",
"room",
",",
"remained",
"working",
"class",
"with",
"bare",
"boards",
",",
"sometimes",
"with",
"sawdust",
"to",
"absorb",
"the",
"spitting",
"and",
"spillages",
"(",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"spit",
"and",
"sawdust",
"\"",
")",
",",
"hard",
"bench",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"cheap",
"beer[citation",
"needed].",
"This",
"bar",
"was",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"four",
"-",
"ale",
"bar",
"from",
"the",
"days",
"when",
"the",
"cheapest",
"beer",
"served",
"there",
"cost",
"4",
"pence",
"(",
"4d",
")",
"a",
"quart.[citation",
"needed",
"]"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
12,
19,
21,
25,
31,
33,
36,
43,
46,
48,
52,
59,
61,
67,
68,
74,
88,
104,
107,
111,
116,
118,
127,
130,
134,
139,
141,
145,
147,
153,
156,
160,
163,
167,
184,
190,
192,
198,
202,
209,
212,
214,
217,
221,
225,
227,
236,
244,
250,
255,
260,
266,
268,
278,
283,
291,
294,
301,
305,
314,
318,
328,
329,
335,
338,
339,
344,
348,
355,
356,
357,
359,
364,
370,
375,
377,
381,
387,
401,
410,
415,
419,
423,
429,
432,
436,
440,
441,
445,
449,
454,
458,
463,
468,
472,
481,
486,
493,
499,
504,
506,
512,
513,
515,
517,
519,
535,
541
]
} | 3b69a1c8ad31431cb436794066be8e4b | In pence, what did the cheapest beer cost in the four-ale bar? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"pence",
",",
"what",
"did",
"the",
"cheapest",
"beer",
"cost",
"in",
"the",
"four",
"-",
"ale",
"bar",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
10,
15,
19,
23,
32,
37,
42,
45,
49,
53,
54,
58,
61
]
} | {
"text": [
"4"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
504
],
"end": [
504
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
102
],
"end": [
102
]
}
]
} | [
"4"
] |
SQuAD | By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed] | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"20th",
"century",
",",
"the",
"saloon",
",",
"or",
"lounge",
"bar",
",",
"had",
"become",
"a",
"middle",
"-",
"class",
"room[citation",
"needed]—carpets",
"on",
"the",
"floor",
",",
"cushions",
"on",
"the",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"a",
"penny",
"or",
"two",
"on",
"the",
"prices,[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"while",
"the",
"public",
"bar",
",",
"or",
"tap",
"room",
",",
"remained",
"working",
"class",
"with",
"bare",
"boards",
",",
"sometimes",
"with",
"sawdust",
"to",
"absorb",
"the",
"spitting",
"and",
"spillages",
"(",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"spit",
"and",
"sawdust",
"\"",
")",
",",
"hard",
"bench",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"cheap",
"beer[citation",
"needed].",
"This",
"bar",
"was",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"four",
"-",
"ale",
"bar",
"from",
"the",
"days",
"when",
"the",
"cheapest",
"beer",
"served",
"there",
"cost",
"4",
"pence",
"(",
"4d",
")",
"a",
"quart.[citation",
"needed",
"]"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
12,
19,
21,
25,
31,
33,
36,
43,
46,
48,
52,
59,
61,
67,
68,
74,
88,
104,
107,
111,
116,
118,
127,
130,
134,
139,
141,
145,
147,
153,
156,
160,
163,
167,
184,
190,
192,
198,
202,
209,
212,
214,
217,
221,
225,
227,
236,
244,
250,
255,
260,
266,
268,
278,
283,
291,
294,
301,
305,
314,
318,
328,
329,
335,
338,
339,
344,
348,
355,
356,
357,
359,
364,
370,
375,
377,
381,
387,
401,
410,
415,
419,
423,
429,
432,
436,
440,
441,
445,
449,
454,
458,
463,
468,
472,
481,
486,
493,
499,
504,
506,
512,
513,
515,
517,
519,
535,
541
]
} | 476db6bb6b3145bb97ad53b7b56885a4 | What was the tap room sawdust meant to absorb spills and spit called? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"tap",
"room",
"sawdust",
"meant",
"to",
"absorb",
"spills",
"and",
"spit",
"called",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
22,
30,
36,
39,
46,
53,
57,
62,
68
]
} | {
"text": [
"spit and sawdust"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
339
],
"end": [
354
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
68
],
"end": [
70
]
}
]
} | [
"spit and sawdust"
] |
SQuAD | By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed] | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"20th",
"century",
",",
"the",
"saloon",
",",
"or",
"lounge",
"bar",
",",
"had",
"become",
"a",
"middle",
"-",
"class",
"room[citation",
"needed]—carpets",
"on",
"the",
"floor",
",",
"cushions",
"on",
"the",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"a",
"penny",
"or",
"two",
"on",
"the",
"prices,[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"while",
"the",
"public",
"bar",
",",
"or",
"tap",
"room",
",",
"remained",
"working",
"class",
"with",
"bare",
"boards",
",",
"sometimes",
"with",
"sawdust",
"to",
"absorb",
"the",
"spitting",
"and",
"spillages",
"(",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"spit",
"and",
"sawdust",
"\"",
")",
",",
"hard",
"bench",
"seats",
",",
"and",
"cheap",
"beer[citation",
"needed].",
"This",
"bar",
"was",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"four",
"-",
"ale",
"bar",
"from",
"the",
"days",
"when",
"the",
"cheapest",
"beer",
"served",
"there",
"cost",
"4",
"pence",
"(",
"4d",
")",
"a",
"quart.[citation",
"needed",
"]"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
12,
19,
21,
25,
31,
33,
36,
43,
46,
48,
52,
59,
61,
67,
68,
74,
88,
104,
107,
111,
116,
118,
127,
130,
134,
139,
141,
145,
147,
153,
156,
160,
163,
167,
184,
190,
192,
198,
202,
209,
212,
214,
217,
221,
225,
227,
236,
244,
250,
255,
260,
266,
268,
278,
283,
291,
294,
301,
305,
314,
318,
328,
329,
335,
338,
339,
344,
348,
355,
356,
357,
359,
364,
370,
375,
377,
381,
387,
401,
410,
415,
419,
423,
429,
432,
436,
440,
441,
445,
449,
454,
458,
463,
468,
472,
481,
486,
493,
499,
504,
506,
512,
513,
515,
517,
519,
535,
541
]
} | 2297ede93b704d57974a9e2de59dd6bf | What is another name for the lounge bar? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"another",
"name",
"for",
"the",
"lounge",
"bar",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
16,
21,
25,
29,
36,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"saloon"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
25
],
"end": [
30
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
6
]
}
]
} | [
"saloon"
] |
SQuAD | A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"\"",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"\"",
"is",
"when",
"a",
"pub",
"owner",
"lets",
"drinkers",
"stay",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"after",
"the",
"legal",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"on",
"the",
"theory",
"that",
"once",
"the",
"doors",
"are",
"locked",
",",
"it",
"becomes",
"a",
"private",
"party",
"rather",
"than",
"a",
"pub",
".",
"Patrons",
"may",
"put",
"money",
"behind",
"the",
"bar",
"before",
"official",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"and",
"redeem",
"their",
"drinks",
"during",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"so",
"no",
"drinks",
"are",
"technically",
"sold",
"after",
"closing",
"time",
".",
"The",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"was",
"a",
"reaction",
"to",
"1915",
"changes",
"in",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
",",
"which",
"curtailed",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"stop",
"factory",
"workers",
"from",
"turning",
"up",
"drunk",
"and",
"harming",
"the",
"war",
"effort",
".",
"Since",
"1915",
",",
"the",
"UK",
"licensing",
"laws",
"had",
"changed",
"very",
"little",
",",
"with",
"comparatively",
"early",
"closing",
"times",
".",
"The",
"tradition",
"of",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"therefore",
"remained",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"implementation",
"of",
"Licensing",
"Act",
"2003",
",",
"premises",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"may",
"apply",
"to",
"extend",
"their",
"opening",
"hours",
"beyond",
"11",
"pm",
",",
"allowing",
"round",
"-",
"the",
"-",
"clock",
"drinking",
"and",
"removing",
"much",
"of",
"the",
"need",
"for",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"smoking",
"ban",
",",
"some",
"establishments",
"operated",
"a",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"during",
"which",
"the",
"remaining",
"patrons",
"could",
"smoke",
"without",
"repercussions",
"but",
",",
"unlike",
"drinking",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
",",
"allowing",
"smoking",
"in",
"a",
"pub",
"was",
"still",
"a",
"prosecutable",
"offence",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
3,
7,
8,
10,
12,
15,
20,
22,
26,
32,
37,
46,
51,
54,
58,
62,
68,
72,
78,
86,
90,
92,
95,
99,
106,
111,
116,
120,
126,
130,
136,
138,
141,
149,
151,
159,
165,
172,
177,
179,
182,
184,
192,
196,
200,
206,
213,
217,
221,
228,
237,
245,
249,
251,
255,
262,
268,
275,
282,
286,
290,
291,
294,
297,
300,
307,
311,
323,
328,
334,
342,
346,
348,
352,
359,
362,
366,
374,
378,
379,
382,
386,
388,
397,
400,
405,
413,
416,
420,
430,
435,
438,
446,
450,
455,
457,
463,
473,
481,
487,
490,
495,
503,
511,
516,
524,
527,
533,
537,
545,
549,
553,
559,
561,
567,
571,
573,
577,
580,
590,
595,
599,
607,
612,
618,
620,
625,
639,
645,
653,
658,
660,
664,
674,
677,
681,
685,
686,
689,
699,
707,
709,
715,
719,
734,
737,
747,
751,
755,
757,
766,
769,
777,
781,
787,
791,
797,
800,
807,
813,
821,
827,
834,
837,
839,
841,
850,
855,
856,
859,
860,
866,
875,
879,
888,
893,
896,
900,
905,
909,
913,
914,
917,
919,
925,
929,
937,
940,
942,
947,
962,
971,
973,
977,
978,
981,
988,
994,
998,
1008,
1016,
1022,
1028,
1036,
1050,
1053,
1055,
1062,
1071,
1075,
1076,
1079,
1081,
1090,
1098,
1101,
1103,
1107,
1111,
1117,
1119,
1132,
1139
]
} | c76b1a81d9c84a52adbf1765d6ab7ae3 | What is it called when the owner of a pub allows patrons to remain when the pub should have closed? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"it",
"called",
"when",
"the",
"owner",
"of",
"a",
"pub",
"allows",
"patrons",
"to",
"remain",
"when",
"the",
"pub",
"should",
"have",
"closed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
11,
18,
23,
27,
33,
36,
38,
42,
49,
57,
60,
67,
72,
76,
80,
87,
92,
98
]
} | {
"text": [
"\"lock-in\""
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
2
],
"end": [
10
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
5
]
}
]
} | [
"\"lock-in\""
] |
SQuAD | A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"\"",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"\"",
"is",
"when",
"a",
"pub",
"owner",
"lets",
"drinkers",
"stay",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"after",
"the",
"legal",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"on",
"the",
"theory",
"that",
"once",
"the",
"doors",
"are",
"locked",
",",
"it",
"becomes",
"a",
"private",
"party",
"rather",
"than",
"a",
"pub",
".",
"Patrons",
"may",
"put",
"money",
"behind",
"the",
"bar",
"before",
"official",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"and",
"redeem",
"their",
"drinks",
"during",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"so",
"no",
"drinks",
"are",
"technically",
"sold",
"after",
"closing",
"time",
".",
"The",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"was",
"a",
"reaction",
"to",
"1915",
"changes",
"in",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
",",
"which",
"curtailed",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"stop",
"factory",
"workers",
"from",
"turning",
"up",
"drunk",
"and",
"harming",
"the",
"war",
"effort",
".",
"Since",
"1915",
",",
"the",
"UK",
"licensing",
"laws",
"had",
"changed",
"very",
"little",
",",
"with",
"comparatively",
"early",
"closing",
"times",
".",
"The",
"tradition",
"of",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"therefore",
"remained",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"implementation",
"of",
"Licensing",
"Act",
"2003",
",",
"premises",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"may",
"apply",
"to",
"extend",
"their",
"opening",
"hours",
"beyond",
"11",
"pm",
",",
"allowing",
"round",
"-",
"the",
"-",
"clock",
"drinking",
"and",
"removing",
"much",
"of",
"the",
"need",
"for",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"smoking",
"ban",
",",
"some",
"establishments",
"operated",
"a",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"during",
"which",
"the",
"remaining",
"patrons",
"could",
"smoke",
"without",
"repercussions",
"but",
",",
"unlike",
"drinking",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
",",
"allowing",
"smoking",
"in",
"a",
"pub",
"was",
"still",
"a",
"prosecutable",
"offence",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
3,
7,
8,
10,
12,
15,
20,
22,
26,
32,
37,
46,
51,
54,
58,
62,
68,
72,
78,
86,
90,
92,
95,
99,
106,
111,
116,
120,
126,
130,
136,
138,
141,
149,
151,
159,
165,
172,
177,
179,
182,
184,
192,
196,
200,
206,
213,
217,
221,
228,
237,
245,
249,
251,
255,
262,
268,
275,
282,
286,
290,
291,
294,
297,
300,
307,
311,
323,
328,
334,
342,
346,
348,
352,
359,
362,
366,
374,
378,
379,
382,
386,
388,
397,
400,
405,
413,
416,
420,
430,
435,
438,
446,
450,
455,
457,
463,
473,
481,
487,
490,
495,
503,
511,
516,
524,
527,
533,
537,
545,
549,
553,
559,
561,
567,
571,
573,
577,
580,
590,
595,
599,
607,
612,
618,
620,
625,
639,
645,
653,
658,
660,
664,
674,
677,
681,
685,
686,
689,
699,
707,
709,
715,
719,
734,
737,
747,
751,
755,
757,
766,
769,
777,
781,
787,
791,
797,
800,
807,
813,
821,
827,
834,
837,
839,
841,
850,
855,
856,
859,
860,
866,
875,
879,
888,
893,
896,
900,
905,
909,
913,
914,
917,
919,
925,
929,
937,
940,
942,
947,
962,
971,
973,
977,
978,
981,
988,
994,
998,
1008,
1016,
1022,
1028,
1036,
1050,
1053,
1055,
1062,
1071,
1075,
1076,
1079,
1081,
1090,
1098,
1101,
1103,
1107,
1111,
1117,
1119,
1132,
1139
]
} | 5e5434b43b164766816d530ff7fe41ea | What law allows pubs to apply to extend their closing hours after 11pm? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"law",
"allows",
"pubs",
"to",
"apply",
"to",
"extend",
"their",
"closing",
"hours",
"after",
"11",
"pm",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
16,
21,
24,
30,
33,
40,
46,
54,
60,
66,
68,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"Licensing Act 2003"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
737
],
"end": [
754
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
147
],
"end": [
149
]
}
]
} | [
"Licensing Act 2003"
] |
SQuAD | A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"\"",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"\"",
"is",
"when",
"a",
"pub",
"owner",
"lets",
"drinkers",
"stay",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"after",
"the",
"legal",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"on",
"the",
"theory",
"that",
"once",
"the",
"doors",
"are",
"locked",
",",
"it",
"becomes",
"a",
"private",
"party",
"rather",
"than",
"a",
"pub",
".",
"Patrons",
"may",
"put",
"money",
"behind",
"the",
"bar",
"before",
"official",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"and",
"redeem",
"their",
"drinks",
"during",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"so",
"no",
"drinks",
"are",
"technically",
"sold",
"after",
"closing",
"time",
".",
"The",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"was",
"a",
"reaction",
"to",
"1915",
"changes",
"in",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
",",
"which",
"curtailed",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"stop",
"factory",
"workers",
"from",
"turning",
"up",
"drunk",
"and",
"harming",
"the",
"war",
"effort",
".",
"Since",
"1915",
",",
"the",
"UK",
"licensing",
"laws",
"had",
"changed",
"very",
"little",
",",
"with",
"comparatively",
"early",
"closing",
"times",
".",
"The",
"tradition",
"of",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"therefore",
"remained",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"implementation",
"of",
"Licensing",
"Act",
"2003",
",",
"premises",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"may",
"apply",
"to",
"extend",
"their",
"opening",
"hours",
"beyond",
"11",
"pm",
",",
"allowing",
"round",
"-",
"the",
"-",
"clock",
"drinking",
"and",
"removing",
"much",
"of",
"the",
"need",
"for",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"smoking",
"ban",
",",
"some",
"establishments",
"operated",
"a",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"during",
"which",
"the",
"remaining",
"patrons",
"could",
"smoke",
"without",
"repercussions",
"but",
",",
"unlike",
"drinking",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
",",
"allowing",
"smoking",
"in",
"a",
"pub",
"was",
"still",
"a",
"prosecutable",
"offence",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
3,
7,
8,
10,
12,
15,
20,
22,
26,
32,
37,
46,
51,
54,
58,
62,
68,
72,
78,
86,
90,
92,
95,
99,
106,
111,
116,
120,
126,
130,
136,
138,
141,
149,
151,
159,
165,
172,
177,
179,
182,
184,
192,
196,
200,
206,
213,
217,
221,
228,
237,
245,
249,
251,
255,
262,
268,
275,
282,
286,
290,
291,
294,
297,
300,
307,
311,
323,
328,
334,
342,
346,
348,
352,
359,
362,
366,
374,
378,
379,
382,
386,
388,
397,
400,
405,
413,
416,
420,
430,
435,
438,
446,
450,
455,
457,
463,
473,
481,
487,
490,
495,
503,
511,
516,
524,
527,
533,
537,
545,
549,
553,
559,
561,
567,
571,
573,
577,
580,
590,
595,
599,
607,
612,
618,
620,
625,
639,
645,
653,
658,
660,
664,
674,
677,
681,
685,
686,
689,
699,
707,
709,
715,
719,
734,
737,
747,
751,
755,
757,
766,
769,
777,
781,
787,
791,
797,
800,
807,
813,
821,
827,
834,
837,
839,
841,
850,
855,
856,
859,
860,
866,
875,
879,
888,
893,
896,
900,
905,
909,
913,
914,
917,
919,
925,
929,
937,
940,
942,
947,
962,
971,
973,
977,
978,
981,
988,
994,
998,
1008,
1016,
1022,
1028,
1036,
1050,
1053,
1055,
1062,
1071,
1075,
1076,
1079,
1081,
1090,
1098,
1101,
1103,
1107,
1111,
1117,
1119,
1132,
1139
]
} | c01f2c660f7842d7964054e2e3a96df5 | A law of what year prompted the existence of the "lock-in"? | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"law",
"of",
"what",
"year",
"prompted",
"the",
"existence",
"of",
"the",
"\"",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"\"",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
6,
9,
14,
19,
28,
32,
42,
45,
49,
50,
54,
55,
57,
58
]
} | {
"text": [
"1915"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
400
],
"end": [
403
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
86
],
"end": [
86
]
}
]
} | [
"1915"
] |
SQuAD | A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"\"",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"\"",
"is",
"when",
"a",
"pub",
"owner",
"lets",
"drinkers",
"stay",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"after",
"the",
"legal",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"on",
"the",
"theory",
"that",
"once",
"the",
"doors",
"are",
"locked",
",",
"it",
"becomes",
"a",
"private",
"party",
"rather",
"than",
"a",
"pub",
".",
"Patrons",
"may",
"put",
"money",
"behind",
"the",
"bar",
"before",
"official",
"closing",
"time",
",",
"and",
"redeem",
"their",
"drinks",
"during",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"so",
"no",
"drinks",
"are",
"technically",
"sold",
"after",
"closing",
"time",
".",
"The",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"was",
"a",
"reaction",
"to",
"1915",
"changes",
"in",
"the",
"licensing",
"laws",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
",",
"which",
"curtailed",
"opening",
"hours",
"to",
"stop",
"factory",
"workers",
"from",
"turning",
"up",
"drunk",
"and",
"harming",
"the",
"war",
"effort",
".",
"Since",
"1915",
",",
"the",
"UK",
"licensing",
"laws",
"had",
"changed",
"very",
"little",
",",
"with",
"comparatively",
"early",
"closing",
"times",
".",
"The",
"tradition",
"of",
"the",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"therefore",
"remained",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"implementation",
"of",
"Licensing",
"Act",
"2003",
",",
"premises",
"in",
"England",
"and",
"Wales",
"may",
"apply",
"to",
"extend",
"their",
"opening",
"hours",
"beyond",
"11",
"pm",
",",
"allowing",
"round",
"-",
"the",
"-",
"clock",
"drinking",
"and",
"removing",
"much",
"of",
"the",
"need",
"for",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
".",
"Since",
"the",
"smoking",
"ban",
",",
"some",
"establishments",
"operated",
"a",
"lock",
"-",
"in",
"during",
"which",
"the",
"remaining",
"patrons",
"could",
"smoke",
"without",
"repercussions",
"but",
",",
"unlike",
"drinking",
"lock",
"-",
"ins",
",",
"allowing",
"smoking",
"in",
"a",
"pub",
"was",
"still",
"a",
"prosecutable",
"offence",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
3,
7,
8,
10,
12,
15,
20,
22,
26,
32,
37,
46,
51,
54,
58,
62,
68,
72,
78,
86,
90,
92,
95,
99,
106,
111,
116,
120,
126,
130,
136,
138,
141,
149,
151,
159,
165,
172,
177,
179,
182,
184,
192,
196,
200,
206,
213,
217,
221,
228,
237,
245,
249,
251,
255,
262,
268,
275,
282,
286,
290,
291,
294,
297,
300,
307,
311,
323,
328,
334,
342,
346,
348,
352,
359,
362,
366,
374,
378,
379,
382,
386,
388,
397,
400,
405,
413,
416,
420,
430,
435,
438,
446,
450,
455,
457,
463,
473,
481,
487,
490,
495,
503,
511,
516,
524,
527,
533,
537,
545,
549,
553,
559,
561,
567,
571,
573,
577,
580,
590,
595,
599,
607,
612,
618,
620,
625,
639,
645,
653,
658,
660,
664,
674,
677,
681,
685,
686,
689,
699,
707,
709,
715,
719,
734,
737,
747,
751,
755,
757,
766,
769,
777,
781,
787,
791,
797,
800,
807,
813,
821,
827,
834,
837,
839,
841,
850,
855,
856,
859,
860,
866,
875,
879,
888,
893,
896,
900,
905,
909,
913,
914,
917,
919,
925,
929,
937,
940,
942,
947,
962,
971,
973,
977,
978,
981,
988,
994,
998,
1008,
1016,
1022,
1028,
1036,
1050,
1053,
1055,
1062,
1071,
1075,
1076,
1079,
1081,
1090,
1098,
1101,
1103,
1107,
1111,
1117,
1119,
1132,
1139
]
} | e71d2c4c38874ad9aa3804386e25d16c | What action by a pub owner can result in his prosecution? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"action",
"by",
"a",
"pub",
"owner",
"can",
"result",
"in",
"his",
"prosecution",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
12,
15,
17,
21,
27,
31,
38,
41,
45,
56
]
} | {
"text": [
"allowing smoking"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
1081
],
"end": [
1096
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
214
],
"end": [
215
]
}
]
} | [
"allowing smoking"
] |
SQuAD | Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns "were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday."[citation needed] On April 24, 1967, the single pilot of Soyuz 1, Vladimir Komarov, became the first in-flight spaceflight fatality. The mission was planned to be a three-day test, to include the first Soviet docking with an unpiloted Soyuz 2, but the mission was plagued with problems. Early on, Komarov's craft lacked sufficient electrical power because only one of two solar panels had deployed. Then the automatic attitude control system began malfunctioning and eventually failed completely, resulting in the craft spinning wildly. Komarov was able to stop the spin with the manual system, which was only partially effective. The flight controllers aborted his mission after only one day. During the emergency re-entry, a fault in the landing parachute system caused the primary chute to fail, and the reserve chute became tangled with the drogue chute; Komarov was killed on impact. Fixing the spacecraft faults caused an eighteen-month delay before piloted Soyuz flights could resume. | {
"tokens": [
"Meanwhile",
",",
"the",
"Soviet",
"Union",
"was",
"having",
"its",
"own",
"problems",
"with",
"Soyuz",
"development",
".",
"Engineers",
"reported",
"200",
"design",
"faults",
"to",
"party",
"leaders",
",",
"but",
"their",
"concerns",
"\"",
"were",
"overruled",
"by",
"political",
"pressures",
"for",
"a",
"series",
"of",
"space",
"feats",
"to",
"mark",
"the",
"anniversary",
"of",
"Lenin",
"'s",
"birthday.\"[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"On",
"April",
"24",
",",
"1967",
",",
"the",
"single",
"pilot",
"of",
"Soyuz",
"1",
",",
"Vladimir",
"Komarov",
",",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"spaceflight",
"fatality",
".",
"The",
"mission",
"was",
"planned",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"three",
"-",
"day",
"test",
",",
"to",
"include",
"the",
"first",
"Soviet",
"docking",
"with",
"an",
"unpiloted",
"Soyuz",
"2",
",",
"but",
"the",
"mission",
"was",
"plagued",
"with",
"problems",
".",
"Early",
"on",
",",
"Komarov",
"'s",
"craft",
"lacked",
"sufficient",
"electrical",
"power",
"because",
"only",
"one",
"of",
"two",
"solar",
"panels",
"had",
"deployed",
".",
"Then",
"the",
"automatic",
"attitude",
"control",
"system",
"began",
"malfunctioning",
"and",
"eventually",
"failed",
"completely",
",",
"resulting",
"in",
"the",
"craft",
"spinning",
"wildly",
".",
"Komarov",
"was",
"able",
"to",
"stop",
"the",
"spin",
"with",
"the",
"manual",
"system",
",",
"which",
"was",
"only",
"partially",
"effective",
".",
"The",
"flight",
"controllers",
"aborted",
"his",
"mission",
"after",
"only",
"one",
"day",
".",
"During",
"the",
"emergency",
"re",
"-",
"entry",
",",
"a",
"fault",
"in",
"the",
"landing",
"parachute",
"system",
"caused",
"the",
"primary",
"chute",
"to",
"fail",
",",
"and",
"the",
"reserve",
"chute",
"became",
"tangled",
"with",
"the",
"drogue",
"chute",
";",
"Komarov",
"was",
"killed",
"on",
"impact",
".",
"Fixing",
"the",
"spacecraft",
"faults",
"caused",
"an",
"eighteen",
"-",
"month",
"delay",
"before",
"piloted",
"Soyuz",
"flights",
"could",
"resume",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
11,
15,
22,
28,
32,
39,
43,
47,
56,
61,
67,
78,
80,
90,
99,
103,
110,
117,
120,
126,
133,
135,
139,
145,
154,
155,
160,
170,
173,
183,
193,
197,
199,
206,
209,
215,
221,
224,
229,
233,
245,
248,
253,
256,
276,
282,
284,
287,
293,
295,
297,
301,
303,
307,
314,
320,
323,
329,
330,
332,
341,
348,
350,
357,
361,
367,
369,
370,
377,
389,
397,
399,
403,
411,
415,
423,
426,
429,
431,
436,
437,
441,
445,
447,
450,
458,
462,
468,
475,
483,
488,
491,
501,
507,
508,
510,
514,
518,
526,
530,
538,
543,
551,
553,
559,
561,
563,
570,
573,
579,
586,
597,
608,
614,
622,
627,
631,
634,
638,
644,
651,
655,
663,
665,
670,
674,
684,
693,
701,
708,
714,
729,
733,
744,
751,
761,
763,
773,
776,
780,
786,
795,
801,
803,
811,
815,
820,
823,
828,
832,
837,
842,
846,
853,
859,
861,
867,
871,
876,
886,
895,
897,
901,
908,
920,
928,
932,
940,
946,
951,
955,
958,
960,
967,
971,
981,
983,
984,
989,
991,
993,
999,
1002,
1006,
1014,
1024,
1031,
1038,
1042,
1050,
1056,
1059,
1063,
1065,
1069,
1073,
1081,
1087,
1094,
1102,
1107,
1111,
1118,
1123,
1125,
1133,
1137,
1144,
1147,
1153,
1155,
1162,
1166,
1177,
1184,
1191,
1194,
1202,
1203,
1209,
1215,
1222,
1230,
1236,
1244,
1250,
1256
]
} | 2499aa8a00174d6db11061394c26f57e | Who was the person credited with the first in-flight space death? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"was",
"the",
"person",
"credited",
"with",
"the",
"first",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"space",
"death",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
19,
28,
33,
37,
43,
45,
46,
53,
59,
64
]
} | {
"text": [
"Vladimir Komarov"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
332
],
"end": [
347
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
61
],
"end": [
62
]
}
]
} | [
"Vladimir Komarov"
] |
SQuAD | Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns "were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday."[citation needed] On April 24, 1967, the single pilot of Soyuz 1, Vladimir Komarov, became the first in-flight spaceflight fatality. The mission was planned to be a three-day test, to include the first Soviet docking with an unpiloted Soyuz 2, but the mission was plagued with problems. Early on, Komarov's craft lacked sufficient electrical power because only one of two solar panels had deployed. Then the automatic attitude control system began malfunctioning and eventually failed completely, resulting in the craft spinning wildly. Komarov was able to stop the spin with the manual system, which was only partially effective. The flight controllers aborted his mission after only one day. During the emergency re-entry, a fault in the landing parachute system caused the primary chute to fail, and the reserve chute became tangled with the drogue chute; Komarov was killed on impact. Fixing the spacecraft faults caused an eighteen-month delay before piloted Soyuz flights could resume. | {
"tokens": [
"Meanwhile",
",",
"the",
"Soviet",
"Union",
"was",
"having",
"its",
"own",
"problems",
"with",
"Soyuz",
"development",
".",
"Engineers",
"reported",
"200",
"design",
"faults",
"to",
"party",
"leaders",
",",
"but",
"their",
"concerns",
"\"",
"were",
"overruled",
"by",
"political",
"pressures",
"for",
"a",
"series",
"of",
"space",
"feats",
"to",
"mark",
"the",
"anniversary",
"of",
"Lenin",
"'s",
"birthday.\"[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"On",
"April",
"24",
",",
"1967",
",",
"the",
"single",
"pilot",
"of",
"Soyuz",
"1",
",",
"Vladimir",
"Komarov",
",",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"in",
"-",
"flight",
"spaceflight",
"fatality",
".",
"The",
"mission",
"was",
"planned",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"three",
"-",
"day",
"test",
",",
"to",
"include",
"the",
"first",
"Soviet",
"docking",
"with",
"an",
"unpiloted",
"Soyuz",
"2",
",",
"but",
"the",
"mission",
"was",
"plagued",
"with",
"problems",
".",
"Early",
"on",
",",
"Komarov",
"'s",
"craft",
"lacked",
"sufficient",
"electrical",
"power",
"because",
"only",
"one",
"of",
"two",
"solar",
"panels",
"had",
"deployed",
".",
"Then",
"the",
"automatic",
"attitude",
"control",
"system",
"began",
"malfunctioning",
"and",
"eventually",
"failed",
"completely",
",",
"resulting",
"in",
"the",
"craft",
"spinning",
"wildly",
".",
"Komarov",
"was",
"able",
"to",
"stop",
"the",
"spin",
"with",
"the",
"manual",
"system",
",",
"which",
"was",
"only",
"partially",
"effective",
".",
"The",
"flight",
"controllers",
"aborted",
"his",
"mission",
"after",
"only",
"one",
"day",
".",
"During",
"the",
"emergency",
"re",
"-",
"entry",
",",
"a",
"fault",
"in",
"the",
"landing",
"parachute",
"system",
"caused",
"the",
"primary",
"chute",
"to",
"fail",
",",
"and",
"the",
"reserve",
"chute",
"became",
"tangled",
"with",
"the",
"drogue",
"chute",
";",
"Komarov",
"was",
"killed",
"on",
"impact",
".",
"Fixing",
"the",
"spacecraft",
"faults",
"caused",
"an",
"eighteen",
"-",
"month",
"delay",
"before",
"piloted",
"Soyuz",
"flights",
"could",
"resume",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
11,
15,
22,
28,
32,
39,
43,
47,
56,
61,
67,
78,
80,
90,
99,
103,
110,
117,
120,
126,
133,
135,
139,
145,
154,
155,
160,
170,
173,
183,
193,
197,
199,
206,
209,
215,
221,
224,
229,
233,
245,
248,
253,
256,
276,
282,
284,
287,
293,
295,
297,
301,
303,
307,
314,
320,
323,
329,
330,
332,
341,
348,
350,
357,
361,
367,
369,
370,
377,
389,
397,
399,
403,
411,
415,
423,
426,
429,
431,
436,
437,
441,
445,
447,
450,
458,
462,
468,
475,
483,
488,
491,
501,
507,
508,
510,
514,
518,
526,
530,
538,
543,
551,
553,
559,
561,
563,
570,
573,
579,
586,
597,
608,
614,
622,
627,
631,
634,
638,
644,
651,
655,
663,
665,
670,
674,
684,
693,
701,
708,
714,
729,
733,
744,
751,
761,
763,
773,
776,
780,
786,
795,
801,
803,
811,
815,
820,
823,
828,
832,
837,
842,
846,
853,
859,
861,
867,
871,
876,
886,
895,
897,
901,
908,
920,
928,
932,
940,
946,
951,
955,
958,
960,
967,
971,
981,
983,
984,
989,
991,
993,
999,
1002,
1006,
1014,
1024,
1031,
1038,
1042,
1050,
1056,
1059,
1063,
1065,
1069,
1073,
1081,
1087,
1094,
1102,
1107,
1111,
1118,
1123,
1125,
1133,
1137,
1144,
1147,
1153,
1155,
1162,
1166,
1177,
1184,
1191,
1194,
1202,
1203,
1209,
1215,
1222,
1230,
1236,
1244,
1250,
1256
]
} | 3a18b96c4d31451ea7138b1716631786 | When did Vladimir Komarov die on impact from his spacecraft crash? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"Vladimir",
"Komarov",
"die",
"on",
"impact",
"from",
"his",
"spacecraft",
"crash",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
18,
26,
30,
33,
40,
45,
49,
60,
65
]
} | {
"text": [
"April 24, 1967"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
287
],
"end": [
300
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
49
],
"end": [
52
]
}
]
} | [
"April 24, 1967"
] |
SQuAD | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft, and splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean, after a tense reentry, due to what falsely appeared from the telemetry data to be a loose heat-shield. As the first American in orbit, Glenn became a national hero, and received a ticker-tape parade in New York City, reminiscent of that given for Charles Lindbergh. On February 23, 1962, President Kennedy escorted him in a parade at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, where he awarded Glenn with the NASA service medal. | {
"tokens": [
"American",
"Virgil",
"\"",
"Gus",
"\"",
"Grissom",
"repeated",
"Shepard",
"'s",
"suborbital",
"flight",
"in",
"Liberty",
"Bell",
"7",
"on",
"July",
"21",
",",
"1961",
".",
"Almost",
"a",
"year",
"after",
"the",
"Soviet",
"Union",
"put",
"a",
"human",
"into",
"orbit",
",",
"astronaut",
"John",
"Glenn",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"orbit",
"the",
"Earth",
",",
"on",
"February",
"20",
",",
"1962",
".",
"His",
"Mercury",
"-",
"Atlas",
"6",
"mission",
"completed",
"three",
"orbits",
"in",
"the",
"Friendship",
"7",
"spacecraft",
",",
"and",
"splashed",
"down",
"safely",
"in",
"the",
"Atlantic",
"Ocean",
",",
"after",
"a",
"tense",
"reentry",
",",
"due",
"to",
"what",
"falsely",
"appeared",
"from",
"the",
"telemetry",
"data",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"loose",
"heat",
"-",
"shield",
".",
"As",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"in",
"orbit",
",",
"Glenn",
"became",
"a",
"national",
"hero",
",",
"and",
"received",
"a",
"ticker",
"-",
"tape",
"parade",
"in",
"New",
"York",
"City",
",",
"reminiscent",
"of",
"that",
"given",
"for",
"Charles",
"Lindbergh",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1962",
",",
"President",
"Kennedy",
"escorted",
"him",
"in",
"a",
"parade",
"at",
"Cape",
"Canaveral",
"Air",
"Force",
"Station",
",",
"where",
"he",
"awarded",
"Glenn",
"with",
"the",
"NASA",
"service",
"medal",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
16,
17,
20,
22,
30,
39,
46,
49,
60,
67,
70,
78,
83,
85,
88,
93,
95,
97,
101,
103,
110,
112,
117,
123,
127,
134,
140,
144,
146,
152,
157,
162,
164,
174,
179,
185,
192,
196,
202,
211,
214,
220,
224,
229,
231,
234,
243,
245,
247,
251,
253,
257,
264,
265,
271,
273,
281,
291,
297,
304,
307,
311,
322,
324,
334,
336,
340,
349,
354,
361,
364,
368,
377,
382,
384,
390,
392,
398,
405,
407,
411,
414,
419,
427,
436,
441,
445,
455,
460,
463,
466,
468,
474,
478,
479,
485,
487,
490,
494,
500,
509,
512,
517,
519,
525,
532,
534,
543,
547,
549,
553,
562,
564,
570,
571,
576,
583,
586,
590,
595,
599,
601,
613,
616,
621,
627,
631,
639,
648,
650,
653,
662,
664,
666,
670,
672,
682,
690,
699,
703,
706,
708,
715,
718,
723,
733,
737,
743,
750,
752,
758,
761,
769,
775,
780,
784,
789,
797,
802
]
} | fd598586d0d1431e870df9d8931e45fa | The first American to orbit around the planet was whom? | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"orbit",
"around",
"the",
"planet",
"was",
"whom",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
19,
22,
28,
35,
39,
46,
50,
54
]
} | {
"text": [
"John Glenn"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
174
],
"end": [
183
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
35
],
"end": [
36
]
}
]
} | [
"John Glenn"
] |
SQuAD | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft, and splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean, after a tense reentry, due to what falsely appeared from the telemetry data to be a loose heat-shield. As the first American in orbit, Glenn became a national hero, and received a ticker-tape parade in New York City, reminiscent of that given for Charles Lindbergh. On February 23, 1962, President Kennedy escorted him in a parade at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, where he awarded Glenn with the NASA service medal. | {
"tokens": [
"American",
"Virgil",
"\"",
"Gus",
"\"",
"Grissom",
"repeated",
"Shepard",
"'s",
"suborbital",
"flight",
"in",
"Liberty",
"Bell",
"7",
"on",
"July",
"21",
",",
"1961",
".",
"Almost",
"a",
"year",
"after",
"the",
"Soviet",
"Union",
"put",
"a",
"human",
"into",
"orbit",
",",
"astronaut",
"John",
"Glenn",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"orbit",
"the",
"Earth",
",",
"on",
"February",
"20",
",",
"1962",
".",
"His",
"Mercury",
"-",
"Atlas",
"6",
"mission",
"completed",
"three",
"orbits",
"in",
"the",
"Friendship",
"7",
"spacecraft",
",",
"and",
"splashed",
"down",
"safely",
"in",
"the",
"Atlantic",
"Ocean",
",",
"after",
"a",
"tense",
"reentry",
",",
"due",
"to",
"what",
"falsely",
"appeared",
"from",
"the",
"telemetry",
"data",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"loose",
"heat",
"-",
"shield",
".",
"As",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"in",
"orbit",
",",
"Glenn",
"became",
"a",
"national",
"hero",
",",
"and",
"received",
"a",
"ticker",
"-",
"tape",
"parade",
"in",
"New",
"York",
"City",
",",
"reminiscent",
"of",
"that",
"given",
"for",
"Charles",
"Lindbergh",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1962",
",",
"President",
"Kennedy",
"escorted",
"him",
"in",
"a",
"parade",
"at",
"Cape",
"Canaveral",
"Air",
"Force",
"Station",
",",
"where",
"he",
"awarded",
"Glenn",
"with",
"the",
"NASA",
"service",
"medal",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
16,
17,
20,
22,
30,
39,
46,
49,
60,
67,
70,
78,
83,
85,
88,
93,
95,
97,
101,
103,
110,
112,
117,
123,
127,
134,
140,
144,
146,
152,
157,
162,
164,
174,
179,
185,
192,
196,
202,
211,
214,
220,
224,
229,
231,
234,
243,
245,
247,
251,
253,
257,
264,
265,
271,
273,
281,
291,
297,
304,
307,
311,
322,
324,
334,
336,
340,
349,
354,
361,
364,
368,
377,
382,
384,
390,
392,
398,
405,
407,
411,
414,
419,
427,
436,
441,
445,
455,
460,
463,
466,
468,
474,
478,
479,
485,
487,
490,
494,
500,
509,
512,
517,
519,
525,
532,
534,
543,
547,
549,
553,
562,
564,
570,
571,
576,
583,
586,
590,
595,
599,
601,
613,
616,
621,
627,
631,
639,
648,
650,
653,
662,
664,
666,
670,
672,
682,
690,
699,
703,
706,
708,
715,
718,
723,
733,
737,
743,
750,
752,
758,
761,
769,
775,
780,
784,
789,
797,
802
]
} | c3e09f95c3ed43e49ecfc177e8754982 | When did John Glenn orbit the Earth? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"John",
"Glenn",
"orbit",
"the",
"Earth",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
20,
26,
30,
35
]
} | {
"text": [
"February 20, 1962"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
234
],
"end": [
250
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
47
],
"end": [
50
]
}
]
} | [
"February 20, 1962"
] |
SQuAD | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft, and splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean, after a tense reentry, due to what falsely appeared from the telemetry data to be a loose heat-shield. As the first American in orbit, Glenn became a national hero, and received a ticker-tape parade in New York City, reminiscent of that given for Charles Lindbergh. On February 23, 1962, President Kennedy escorted him in a parade at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, where he awarded Glenn with the NASA service medal. | {
"tokens": [
"American",
"Virgil",
"\"",
"Gus",
"\"",
"Grissom",
"repeated",
"Shepard",
"'s",
"suborbital",
"flight",
"in",
"Liberty",
"Bell",
"7",
"on",
"July",
"21",
",",
"1961",
".",
"Almost",
"a",
"year",
"after",
"the",
"Soviet",
"Union",
"put",
"a",
"human",
"into",
"orbit",
",",
"astronaut",
"John",
"Glenn",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"orbit",
"the",
"Earth",
",",
"on",
"February",
"20",
",",
"1962",
".",
"His",
"Mercury",
"-",
"Atlas",
"6",
"mission",
"completed",
"three",
"orbits",
"in",
"the",
"Friendship",
"7",
"spacecraft",
",",
"and",
"splashed",
"down",
"safely",
"in",
"the",
"Atlantic",
"Ocean",
",",
"after",
"a",
"tense",
"reentry",
",",
"due",
"to",
"what",
"falsely",
"appeared",
"from",
"the",
"telemetry",
"data",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"loose",
"heat",
"-",
"shield",
".",
"As",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"in",
"orbit",
",",
"Glenn",
"became",
"a",
"national",
"hero",
",",
"and",
"received",
"a",
"ticker",
"-",
"tape",
"parade",
"in",
"New",
"York",
"City",
",",
"reminiscent",
"of",
"that",
"given",
"for",
"Charles",
"Lindbergh",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1962",
",",
"President",
"Kennedy",
"escorted",
"him",
"in",
"a",
"parade",
"at",
"Cape",
"Canaveral",
"Air",
"Force",
"Station",
",",
"where",
"he",
"awarded",
"Glenn",
"with",
"the",
"NASA",
"service",
"medal",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
16,
17,
20,
22,
30,
39,
46,
49,
60,
67,
70,
78,
83,
85,
88,
93,
95,
97,
101,
103,
110,
112,
117,
123,
127,
134,
140,
144,
146,
152,
157,
162,
164,
174,
179,
185,
192,
196,
202,
211,
214,
220,
224,
229,
231,
234,
243,
245,
247,
251,
253,
257,
264,
265,
271,
273,
281,
291,
297,
304,
307,
311,
322,
324,
334,
336,
340,
349,
354,
361,
364,
368,
377,
382,
384,
390,
392,
398,
405,
407,
411,
414,
419,
427,
436,
441,
445,
455,
460,
463,
466,
468,
474,
478,
479,
485,
487,
490,
494,
500,
509,
512,
517,
519,
525,
532,
534,
543,
547,
549,
553,
562,
564,
570,
571,
576,
583,
586,
590,
595,
599,
601,
613,
616,
621,
627,
631,
639,
648,
650,
653,
662,
664,
666,
670,
672,
682,
690,
699,
703,
706,
708,
715,
718,
723,
733,
737,
743,
750,
752,
758,
761,
769,
775,
780,
784,
789,
797,
802
]
} | cf36c946690448f7959debf4434fd20d | Where did John Glenn land on Earth after coming back from orbit? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"did",
"John",
"Glenn",
"land",
"on",
"Earth",
"after",
"coming",
"back",
"from",
"orbit",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
21,
26,
29,
35,
41,
48,
53,
58,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"Atlantic Ocean"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
368
],
"end": [
381
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
73
],
"end": [
74
]
}
]
} | [
"Atlantic Ocean"
] |
SQuAD | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft, and splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean, after a tense reentry, due to what falsely appeared from the telemetry data to be a loose heat-shield. As the first American in orbit, Glenn became a national hero, and received a ticker-tape parade in New York City, reminiscent of that given for Charles Lindbergh. On February 23, 1962, President Kennedy escorted him in a parade at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, where he awarded Glenn with the NASA service medal. | {
"tokens": [
"American",
"Virgil",
"\"",
"Gus",
"\"",
"Grissom",
"repeated",
"Shepard",
"'s",
"suborbital",
"flight",
"in",
"Liberty",
"Bell",
"7",
"on",
"July",
"21",
",",
"1961",
".",
"Almost",
"a",
"year",
"after",
"the",
"Soviet",
"Union",
"put",
"a",
"human",
"into",
"orbit",
",",
"astronaut",
"John",
"Glenn",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"orbit",
"the",
"Earth",
",",
"on",
"February",
"20",
",",
"1962",
".",
"His",
"Mercury",
"-",
"Atlas",
"6",
"mission",
"completed",
"three",
"orbits",
"in",
"the",
"Friendship",
"7",
"spacecraft",
",",
"and",
"splashed",
"down",
"safely",
"in",
"the",
"Atlantic",
"Ocean",
",",
"after",
"a",
"tense",
"reentry",
",",
"due",
"to",
"what",
"falsely",
"appeared",
"from",
"the",
"telemetry",
"data",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"loose",
"heat",
"-",
"shield",
".",
"As",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"in",
"orbit",
",",
"Glenn",
"became",
"a",
"national",
"hero",
",",
"and",
"received",
"a",
"ticker",
"-",
"tape",
"parade",
"in",
"New",
"York",
"City",
",",
"reminiscent",
"of",
"that",
"given",
"for",
"Charles",
"Lindbergh",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1962",
",",
"President",
"Kennedy",
"escorted",
"him",
"in",
"a",
"parade",
"at",
"Cape",
"Canaveral",
"Air",
"Force",
"Station",
",",
"where",
"he",
"awarded",
"Glenn",
"with",
"the",
"NASA",
"service",
"medal",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
9,
16,
17,
20,
22,
30,
39,
46,
49,
60,
67,
70,
78,
83,
85,
88,
93,
95,
97,
101,
103,
110,
112,
117,
123,
127,
134,
140,
144,
146,
152,
157,
162,
164,
174,
179,
185,
192,
196,
202,
211,
214,
220,
224,
229,
231,
234,
243,
245,
247,
251,
253,
257,
264,
265,
271,
273,
281,
291,
297,
304,
307,
311,
322,
324,
334,
336,
340,
349,
354,
361,
364,
368,
377,
382,
384,
390,
392,
398,
405,
407,
411,
414,
419,
427,
436,
441,
445,
455,
460,
463,
466,
468,
474,
478,
479,
485,
487,
490,
494,
500,
509,
512,
517,
519,
525,
532,
534,
543,
547,
549,
553,
562,
564,
570,
571,
576,
583,
586,
590,
595,
599,
601,
613,
616,
621,
627,
631,
639,
648,
650,
653,
662,
664,
666,
670,
672,
682,
690,
699,
703,
706,
708,
715,
718,
723,
733,
737,
743,
750,
752,
758,
761,
769,
775,
780,
784,
789,
797,
802
]
} | a028391e991f4ba8a5aa7c62e04a629e | John Glenn's spaceship was named what when he orbited the Earth? | {
"tokens": [
"John",
"Glenn",
"'s",
"spaceship",
"was",
"named",
"what",
"when",
"he",
"orbited",
"the",
"Earth",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
23,
27,
33,
38,
43,
46,
54,
58,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"Friendship 7"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
311
],
"end": [
322
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
63
],
"end": [
64
]
}
]
} | [
"Friendship 7"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | ab35d9e790104628b1322fe011c72aa3 | When did the inhabitants of the British Isles begin drinking ale? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"the",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"begin",
"drinking",
"ale",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
25,
28,
32,
40,
46,
52,
61,
64
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Bronze Age"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
66
],
"end": [
79
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
11
],
"end": [
13
]
}
]
} | [
"the Bronze Age"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | 69f8c68e404342228eee5d957f3e5d2d | With the Roman road network, what were the first inns called? | {
"tokens": [
"With",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"network",
",",
"what",
"were",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
"called",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
15,
20,
27,
29,
34,
39,
43,
49,
54,
60
]
} | {
"text": [
"tabernae"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
240
],
"end": [
247
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
47
],
"end": [
47
]
}
]
} | [
"tabernae"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | a2fcfcf2d5f74c8a9f47ec677442637a | How did the alewife let people know that her brew was ready? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"did",
"the",
"alewife",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"that",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
20,
24,
31,
36,
41,
45,
50,
54,
59
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
491
],
"end": [
549
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
92
],
"end": [
105
]
}
]
} | [
"the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | 60f023663ff5469dbc814f67d614fd68 | What did King Edgar decree in 965? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decree",
"in",
"965",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
20,
27,
30,
33
]
} | {
"text": [
"there should be no more than one alehouse per village"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
937
],
"end": [
989
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
177
],
"end": [
186
]
}
]
} | [
"there should be no more than one alehouse per village"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | cc28c547723e460c87206c093af8446a | During what historical epoch did Britons begin drinking ale? | {
"tokens": [
"During",
"what",
"historical",
"epoch",
"did",
"Britons",
"begin",
"drinking",
"ale",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
12,
23,
29,
33,
41,
47,
56,
59
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Bronze Age"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
66
],
"end": [
79
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
11
],
"end": [
13
]
}
]
} | [
"the Bronze Age"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | bc8402011195448bb592feaf51dd27cc | In what century did the Romans arrive in Britain? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"century",
"did",
"the",
"Romans",
"arrive",
"in",
"Britain",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
16,
20,
24,
31,
38,
41,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"the 1st Century"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
147
],
"end": [
161
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
29
],
"end": [
31
]
}
]
} | [
"the 1st Century"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | 3f2838fe016a4e7f9911def484bea9dc | What was the Latin term for the Roman inns? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"Latin",
"term",
"for",
"the",
"Roman",
"inns",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
19,
24,
28,
32,
38,
42
]
} | {
"text": [
"tabernae"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
240
],
"end": [
247
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
47
],
"end": [
47
]
}
]
} | [
"tabernae"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | ef50b6906ef542a090c95367c8186586 | In what century did the Romans leave Britain? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"century",
"did",
"the",
"Romans",
"leave",
"Britain",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
16,
20,
24,
31,
37,
44
]
} | {
"text": [
"5th Century"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
358
],
"end": [
368
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
67
],
"end": [
68
]
}
]
} | [
"5th Century"
] |
SQuAD | The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age, but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire in its shores in the 1st Century, and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns, called tabernae, in which travellers could obtain refreshment began to appear. After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano-British kingdoms, the Anglo-Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings, the Anglo-Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready. These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate, gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities. Herein lies the origin of the modern public house, or "Pub" as it is colloquially called in England. They rapidly spread across the Kingdom, becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"British",
"Isles",
"have",
"been",
"drinking",
"ale",
"since",
"the",
"Bronze",
"Age",
",",
"but",
"it",
"was",
"with",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"Empire",
"in",
"its",
"shores",
"in",
"the",
"1st",
"Century",
",",
"and",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"Roman",
"road",
"networks",
"that",
"the",
"first",
"inns",
",",
"called",
"tabernae",
",",
"in",
"which",
"travellers",
"could",
"obtain",
"refreshment",
"began",
"to",
"appear",
".",
"After",
"the",
"departure",
"of",
"Roman",
"authority",
"in",
"the",
"5th",
"Century",
"and",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"the",
"Romano",
"-",
"British",
"kingdoms",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxons",
"established",
"alehouses",
"that",
"grew",
"out",
"of",
"domestic",
"dwellings",
",",
"the",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"alewife",
"would",
"put",
"a",
"green",
"bush",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"pole",
"to",
"let",
"people",
"know",
"her",
"brew",
"was",
"ready",
".",
"These",
"alehouses",
"quickly",
"evolved",
"into",
"meeting",
"houses",
"for",
"the",
"folk",
"to",
"socially",
"congregate",
",",
"gossip",
"and",
"arrange",
"mutual",
"help",
"within",
"their",
"communities",
".",
"Herein",
"lies",
"the",
"origin",
"of",
"the",
"modern",
"public",
"house",
",",
"or",
"\"",
"Pub",
"\"",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"colloquially",
"called",
"in",
"England",
".",
"They",
"rapidly",
"spread",
"across",
"the",
"Kingdom",
",",
"becoming",
"so",
"commonplace",
"that",
"in",
"965",
"King",
"Edgar",
"decreed",
"that",
"there",
"should",
"be",
"no",
"more",
"than",
"one",
"alehouse",
"per",
"village",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
16,
19,
23,
31,
37,
42,
47,
56,
60,
66,
70,
77,
80,
82,
86,
89,
93,
98,
102,
110,
113,
117,
123,
130,
133,
137,
144,
147,
151,
155,
162,
164,
168,
172,
185,
188,
192,
198,
203,
212,
217,
221,
227,
231,
233,
240,
248,
250,
253,
259,
270,
276,
283,
295,
301,
304,
310,
312,
318,
322,
332,
335,
341,
351,
354,
358,
362,
370,
374,
378,
383,
386,
390,
396,
397,
405,
413,
415,
419,
424,
425,
432,
444,
454,
459,
464,
468,
471,
480,
489,
491,
495,
500,
501,
507,
515,
521,
525,
527,
533,
538,
541,
544,
546,
551,
554,
558,
565,
570,
574,
579,
583,
588,
590,
596,
606,
614,
622,
627,
635,
642,
646,
650,
655,
658,
667,
677,
679,
686,
690,
698,
705,
710,
717,
723,
734,
736,
743,
748,
752,
759,
762,
766,
773,
780,
785,
787,
790,
791,
794,
796,
799,
802,
805,
818,
825,
828,
835,
837,
842,
850,
857,
864,
868,
875,
877,
886,
889,
901,
906,
909,
913,
918,
924,
932,
937,
943,
950,
953,
956,
961,
966,
970,
979,
983,
990
]
} | dad73b966d3747cdb011e80ca6ae732a | What color bush did an Anglo-Saxon woman raise to indicate that her ale was done brewing? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"color",
"bush",
"did",
"an",
"Anglo",
"-",
"Saxon",
"woman",
"raise",
"to",
"indicate",
"that",
"her",
"ale",
"was",
"done",
"brewing",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
11,
16,
20,
23,
28,
29,
35,
41,
47,
50,
59,
64,
68,
72,
76,
81,
88
]
} | {
"text": [
"green"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
527
],
"end": [
531
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
100
],
"end": [
100
]
}
]
} | [
"green"
] |
SQuAD | By the end of the 18th century a new room in the pub was established: the saloon.[citation needed] Beer establishments had always provided entertainment of some sort—singing, gaming or sport.[citation needed] Balls Pond Road in Islington was named after an establishment run by a Mr Ball that had a duck pond at the rear, where drinkers could, for a fee, go out and take a potshot at the ducks. More common, however, was a card room or a billiard room.[citation needed] The saloon was a room where for an admission fee or a higher price of drinks, singing, dancing, drama or comedy was performed and drinks would be served at the table.[citation needed] From this came the popular music hall form of entertainment—a show consisting of a variety of acts.[citation needed] A most famous London saloon was the Grecian Saloon in The Eagle, City Road, which is still famous because of a nursery rhyme: "Up and down the City Road / In and out The Eagle / That's the way the money goes / Pop goes the weasel." This meant that the customer had spent all his money at The Eagle, and needed to pawn his "weasel" to get some more. The meaning of the "weasel" is unclear but the two most likely definitions are: a flat iron used for finishing clothing; or rhyming slang for a coat (weasel and stoat). | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"18th",
"century",
"a",
"new",
"room",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"was",
"established",
":",
"the",
"saloon.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Beer",
"establishments",
"had",
"always",
"provided",
"entertainment",
"of",
"some",
"sort",
"—",
"singing",
",",
"gaming",
"or",
"sport.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Balls",
"Pond",
"Road",
"in",
"Islington",
"was",
"named",
"after",
"an",
"establishment",
"run",
"by",
"a",
"Mr",
"Ball",
"that",
"had",
"a",
"duck",
"pond",
"at",
"the",
"rear",
",",
"where",
"drinkers",
"could",
",",
"for",
"a",
"fee",
",",
"go",
"out",
"and",
"take",
"a",
"potshot",
"at",
"the",
"ducks",
".",
"More",
"common",
",",
"however",
",",
"was",
"a",
"card",
"room",
"or",
"a",
"billiard",
"room.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"The",
"saloon",
"was",
"a",
"room",
"where",
"for",
"an",
"admission",
"fee",
"or",
"a",
"higher",
"price",
"of",
"drinks",
",",
"singing",
",",
"dancing",
",",
"drama",
"or",
"comedy",
"was",
"performed",
"and",
"drinks",
"would",
"be",
"served",
"at",
"the",
"table.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"From",
"this",
"came",
"the",
"popular",
"music",
"hall",
"form",
"of",
"entertainment",
"—",
"a",
"show",
"consisting",
"of",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"acts.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"A",
"most",
"famous",
"London",
"saloon",
"was",
"the",
"Grecian",
"Saloon",
"in",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"City",
"Road",
",",
"which",
"is",
"still",
"famous",
"because",
"of",
"a",
"nursery",
"rhyme",
":",
"\"",
"Up",
"and",
"down",
"the",
"City",
"Road",
"/",
"In",
"and",
"out",
"The",
"Eagle",
"/",
"That",
"'s",
"the",
"way",
"the",
"money",
"goes",
"/",
"Pop",
"goes",
"the",
"weasel",
".",
"\"",
"This",
"meant",
"that",
"the",
"customer",
"had",
"spent",
"all",
"his",
"money",
"at",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"and",
"needed",
"to",
"pawn",
"his",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"to",
"get",
"some",
"more",
".",
"The",
"meaning",
"of",
"the",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"is",
"unclear",
"but",
"the",
"two",
"most",
"likely",
"definitions",
"are",
":",
"a",
"flat",
"iron",
"used",
"for",
"finishing",
"clothing",
";",
"or",
"rhyming",
"slang",
"for",
"a",
"coat",
"(",
"weasel",
"and",
"stoat",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
11,
14,
18,
23,
31,
33,
37,
42,
45,
49,
53,
57,
68,
70,
74,
91,
97,
99,
104,
119,
123,
130,
139,
153,
156,
161,
165,
166,
173,
175,
182,
185,
201,
207,
209,
215,
220,
225,
228,
238,
242,
248,
254,
257,
271,
275,
278,
280,
283,
288,
293,
297,
299,
304,
309,
312,
316,
320,
322,
328,
337,
342,
344,
348,
350,
353,
355,
358,
362,
366,
371,
373,
381,
384,
388,
393,
395,
400,
406,
408,
415,
417,
421,
423,
428,
433,
436,
438,
447,
462,
468,
470,
474,
481,
485,
487,
492,
498,
502,
505,
515,
519,
522,
524,
531,
537,
540,
546,
548,
555,
557,
564,
566,
572,
575,
582,
586,
596,
600,
607,
613,
616,
623,
626,
630,
646,
652,
654,
659,
664,
669,
673,
681,
687,
692,
697,
700,
713,
714,
716,
721,
732,
735,
737,
745,
748,
763,
769,
771,
773,
778,
785,
792,
799,
803,
807,
815,
822,
825,
829,
834,
836,
841,
845,
847,
853,
856,
862,
869,
877,
880,
882,
890,
895,
897,
898,
901,
905,
910,
914,
919,
924,
926,
929,
933,
937,
941,
947,
949,
953,
956,
960,
964,
968,
974,
979,
981,
985,
990,
994,
1000,
1001,
1003,
1008,
1014,
1019,
1023,
1032,
1036,
1042,
1046,
1050,
1056,
1059,
1063,
1068,
1070,
1074,
1081,
1084,
1089,
1093,
1094,
1100,
1102,
1105,
1109,
1114,
1118,
1120,
1124,
1132,
1135,
1139,
1140,
1146,
1148,
1151,
1159,
1163,
1167,
1171,
1176,
1183,
1195,
1198,
1200,
1202,
1207,
1212,
1217,
1221,
1231,
1239,
1241,
1244,
1252,
1258,
1262,
1264,
1269,
1270,
1277,
1281,
1286,
1287
]
} | 7cc847f4ea3543d8b3eff29acc690d27 | What street in Islington was named for a pub run by Mr Ball? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"street",
"in",
"Islington",
"was",
"named",
"for",
"a",
"pub",
"run",
"by",
"Mr",
"Ball",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
12,
15,
25,
29,
35,
39,
41,
45,
49,
52,
55,
59
]
} | {
"text": [
"Balls Pond Road"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
209
],
"end": [
223
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
37
],
"end": [
39
]
}
]
} | [
"Balls Pond Road"
] |
SQuAD | By the end of the 18th century a new room in the pub was established: the saloon.[citation needed] Beer establishments had always provided entertainment of some sort—singing, gaming or sport.[citation needed] Balls Pond Road in Islington was named after an establishment run by a Mr Ball that had a duck pond at the rear, where drinkers could, for a fee, go out and take a potshot at the ducks. More common, however, was a card room or a billiard room.[citation needed] The saloon was a room where for an admission fee or a higher price of drinks, singing, dancing, drama or comedy was performed and drinks would be served at the table.[citation needed] From this came the popular music hall form of entertainment—a show consisting of a variety of acts.[citation needed] A most famous London saloon was the Grecian Saloon in The Eagle, City Road, which is still famous because of a nursery rhyme: "Up and down the City Road / In and out The Eagle / That's the way the money goes / Pop goes the weasel." This meant that the customer had spent all his money at The Eagle, and needed to pawn his "weasel" to get some more. The meaning of the "weasel" is unclear but the two most likely definitions are: a flat iron used for finishing clothing; or rhyming slang for a coat (weasel and stoat). | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"18th",
"century",
"a",
"new",
"room",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"was",
"established",
":",
"the",
"saloon.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Beer",
"establishments",
"had",
"always",
"provided",
"entertainment",
"of",
"some",
"sort",
"—",
"singing",
",",
"gaming",
"or",
"sport.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Balls",
"Pond",
"Road",
"in",
"Islington",
"was",
"named",
"after",
"an",
"establishment",
"run",
"by",
"a",
"Mr",
"Ball",
"that",
"had",
"a",
"duck",
"pond",
"at",
"the",
"rear",
",",
"where",
"drinkers",
"could",
",",
"for",
"a",
"fee",
",",
"go",
"out",
"and",
"take",
"a",
"potshot",
"at",
"the",
"ducks",
".",
"More",
"common",
",",
"however",
",",
"was",
"a",
"card",
"room",
"or",
"a",
"billiard",
"room.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"The",
"saloon",
"was",
"a",
"room",
"where",
"for",
"an",
"admission",
"fee",
"or",
"a",
"higher",
"price",
"of",
"drinks",
",",
"singing",
",",
"dancing",
",",
"drama",
"or",
"comedy",
"was",
"performed",
"and",
"drinks",
"would",
"be",
"served",
"at",
"the",
"table.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"From",
"this",
"came",
"the",
"popular",
"music",
"hall",
"form",
"of",
"entertainment",
"—",
"a",
"show",
"consisting",
"of",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"acts.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"A",
"most",
"famous",
"London",
"saloon",
"was",
"the",
"Grecian",
"Saloon",
"in",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"City",
"Road",
",",
"which",
"is",
"still",
"famous",
"because",
"of",
"a",
"nursery",
"rhyme",
":",
"\"",
"Up",
"and",
"down",
"the",
"City",
"Road",
"/",
"In",
"and",
"out",
"The",
"Eagle",
"/",
"That",
"'s",
"the",
"way",
"the",
"money",
"goes",
"/",
"Pop",
"goes",
"the",
"weasel",
".",
"\"",
"This",
"meant",
"that",
"the",
"customer",
"had",
"spent",
"all",
"his",
"money",
"at",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"and",
"needed",
"to",
"pawn",
"his",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"to",
"get",
"some",
"more",
".",
"The",
"meaning",
"of",
"the",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"is",
"unclear",
"but",
"the",
"two",
"most",
"likely",
"definitions",
"are",
":",
"a",
"flat",
"iron",
"used",
"for",
"finishing",
"clothing",
";",
"or",
"rhyming",
"slang",
"for",
"a",
"coat",
"(",
"weasel",
"and",
"stoat",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
11,
14,
18,
23,
31,
33,
37,
42,
45,
49,
53,
57,
68,
70,
74,
91,
97,
99,
104,
119,
123,
130,
139,
153,
156,
161,
165,
166,
173,
175,
182,
185,
201,
207,
209,
215,
220,
225,
228,
238,
242,
248,
254,
257,
271,
275,
278,
280,
283,
288,
293,
297,
299,
304,
309,
312,
316,
320,
322,
328,
337,
342,
344,
348,
350,
353,
355,
358,
362,
366,
371,
373,
381,
384,
388,
393,
395,
400,
406,
408,
415,
417,
421,
423,
428,
433,
436,
438,
447,
462,
468,
470,
474,
481,
485,
487,
492,
498,
502,
505,
515,
519,
522,
524,
531,
537,
540,
546,
548,
555,
557,
564,
566,
572,
575,
582,
586,
596,
600,
607,
613,
616,
623,
626,
630,
646,
652,
654,
659,
664,
669,
673,
681,
687,
692,
697,
700,
713,
714,
716,
721,
732,
735,
737,
745,
748,
763,
769,
771,
773,
778,
785,
792,
799,
803,
807,
815,
822,
825,
829,
834,
836,
841,
845,
847,
853,
856,
862,
869,
877,
880,
882,
890,
895,
897,
898,
901,
905,
910,
914,
919,
924,
926,
929,
933,
937,
941,
947,
949,
953,
956,
960,
964,
968,
974,
979,
981,
985,
990,
994,
1000,
1001,
1003,
1008,
1014,
1019,
1023,
1032,
1036,
1042,
1046,
1050,
1056,
1059,
1063,
1068,
1070,
1074,
1081,
1084,
1089,
1093,
1094,
1100,
1102,
1105,
1109,
1114,
1118,
1120,
1124,
1132,
1135,
1139,
1140,
1146,
1148,
1151,
1159,
1163,
1167,
1171,
1176,
1183,
1195,
1198,
1200,
1202,
1207,
1212,
1217,
1221,
1231,
1239,
1241,
1244,
1252,
1258,
1262,
1264,
1269,
1270,
1277,
1281,
1286,
1287
]
} | 0c197f81a75b4b76928076ec7918b576 | On what street was the Grecian Saloon located? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"street",
"was",
"the",
"Grecian",
"Saloon",
"located",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
15,
19,
23,
31,
38,
45
]
} | {
"text": [
"City Road"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
836
],
"end": [
844
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
164
],
"end": [
165
]
}
]
} | [
"City Road"
] |
SQuAD | By the end of the 18th century a new room in the pub was established: the saloon.[citation needed] Beer establishments had always provided entertainment of some sort—singing, gaming or sport.[citation needed] Balls Pond Road in Islington was named after an establishment run by a Mr Ball that had a duck pond at the rear, where drinkers could, for a fee, go out and take a potshot at the ducks. More common, however, was a card room or a billiard room.[citation needed] The saloon was a room where for an admission fee or a higher price of drinks, singing, dancing, drama or comedy was performed and drinks would be served at the table.[citation needed] From this came the popular music hall form of entertainment—a show consisting of a variety of acts.[citation needed] A most famous London saloon was the Grecian Saloon in The Eagle, City Road, which is still famous because of a nursery rhyme: "Up and down the City Road / In and out The Eagle / That's the way the money goes / Pop goes the weasel." This meant that the customer had spent all his money at The Eagle, and needed to pawn his "weasel" to get some more. The meaning of the "weasel" is unclear but the two most likely definitions are: a flat iron used for finishing clothing; or rhyming slang for a coat (weasel and stoat). | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"18th",
"century",
"a",
"new",
"room",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"was",
"established",
":",
"the",
"saloon.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Beer",
"establishments",
"had",
"always",
"provided",
"entertainment",
"of",
"some",
"sort",
"—",
"singing",
",",
"gaming",
"or",
"sport.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Balls",
"Pond",
"Road",
"in",
"Islington",
"was",
"named",
"after",
"an",
"establishment",
"run",
"by",
"a",
"Mr",
"Ball",
"that",
"had",
"a",
"duck",
"pond",
"at",
"the",
"rear",
",",
"where",
"drinkers",
"could",
",",
"for",
"a",
"fee",
",",
"go",
"out",
"and",
"take",
"a",
"potshot",
"at",
"the",
"ducks",
".",
"More",
"common",
",",
"however",
",",
"was",
"a",
"card",
"room",
"or",
"a",
"billiard",
"room.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"The",
"saloon",
"was",
"a",
"room",
"where",
"for",
"an",
"admission",
"fee",
"or",
"a",
"higher",
"price",
"of",
"drinks",
",",
"singing",
",",
"dancing",
",",
"drama",
"or",
"comedy",
"was",
"performed",
"and",
"drinks",
"would",
"be",
"served",
"at",
"the",
"table.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"From",
"this",
"came",
"the",
"popular",
"music",
"hall",
"form",
"of",
"entertainment",
"—",
"a",
"show",
"consisting",
"of",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"acts.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"A",
"most",
"famous",
"London",
"saloon",
"was",
"the",
"Grecian",
"Saloon",
"in",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"City",
"Road",
",",
"which",
"is",
"still",
"famous",
"because",
"of",
"a",
"nursery",
"rhyme",
":",
"\"",
"Up",
"and",
"down",
"the",
"City",
"Road",
"/",
"In",
"and",
"out",
"The",
"Eagle",
"/",
"That",
"'s",
"the",
"way",
"the",
"money",
"goes",
"/",
"Pop",
"goes",
"the",
"weasel",
".",
"\"",
"This",
"meant",
"that",
"the",
"customer",
"had",
"spent",
"all",
"his",
"money",
"at",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"and",
"needed",
"to",
"pawn",
"his",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"to",
"get",
"some",
"more",
".",
"The",
"meaning",
"of",
"the",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"is",
"unclear",
"but",
"the",
"two",
"most",
"likely",
"definitions",
"are",
":",
"a",
"flat",
"iron",
"used",
"for",
"finishing",
"clothing",
";",
"or",
"rhyming",
"slang",
"for",
"a",
"coat",
"(",
"weasel",
"and",
"stoat",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
11,
14,
18,
23,
31,
33,
37,
42,
45,
49,
53,
57,
68,
70,
74,
91,
97,
99,
104,
119,
123,
130,
139,
153,
156,
161,
165,
166,
173,
175,
182,
185,
201,
207,
209,
215,
220,
225,
228,
238,
242,
248,
254,
257,
271,
275,
278,
280,
283,
288,
293,
297,
299,
304,
309,
312,
316,
320,
322,
328,
337,
342,
344,
348,
350,
353,
355,
358,
362,
366,
371,
373,
381,
384,
388,
393,
395,
400,
406,
408,
415,
417,
421,
423,
428,
433,
436,
438,
447,
462,
468,
470,
474,
481,
485,
487,
492,
498,
502,
505,
515,
519,
522,
524,
531,
537,
540,
546,
548,
555,
557,
564,
566,
572,
575,
582,
586,
596,
600,
607,
613,
616,
623,
626,
630,
646,
652,
654,
659,
664,
669,
673,
681,
687,
692,
697,
700,
713,
714,
716,
721,
732,
735,
737,
745,
748,
763,
769,
771,
773,
778,
785,
792,
799,
803,
807,
815,
822,
825,
829,
834,
836,
841,
845,
847,
853,
856,
862,
869,
877,
880,
882,
890,
895,
897,
898,
901,
905,
910,
914,
919,
924,
926,
929,
933,
937,
941,
947,
949,
953,
956,
960,
964,
968,
974,
979,
981,
985,
990,
994,
1000,
1001,
1003,
1008,
1014,
1019,
1023,
1032,
1036,
1042,
1046,
1050,
1056,
1059,
1063,
1068,
1070,
1074,
1081,
1084,
1089,
1093,
1094,
1100,
1102,
1105,
1109,
1114,
1118,
1120,
1124,
1132,
1135,
1139,
1140,
1146,
1148,
1151,
1159,
1163,
1167,
1171,
1176,
1183,
1195,
1198,
1200,
1202,
1207,
1212,
1217,
1221,
1231,
1239,
1241,
1244,
1252,
1258,
1262,
1264,
1269,
1270,
1277,
1281,
1286,
1287
]
} | c07cc851d4cf44889fbb24c18fa54f33 | What pub was the home of the Grecian Saloon? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"pub",
"was",
"the",
"home",
"of",
"the",
"Grecian",
"Saloon",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
22,
25,
29,
37,
43
]
} | {
"text": [
"The Eagle"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
825
],
"end": [
833
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
161
],
"end": [
162
]
}
]
} | [
"The Eagle"
] |
SQuAD | By the end of the 18th century a new room in the pub was established: the saloon.[citation needed] Beer establishments had always provided entertainment of some sort—singing, gaming or sport.[citation needed] Balls Pond Road in Islington was named after an establishment run by a Mr Ball that had a duck pond at the rear, where drinkers could, for a fee, go out and take a potshot at the ducks. More common, however, was a card room or a billiard room.[citation needed] The saloon was a room where for an admission fee or a higher price of drinks, singing, dancing, drama or comedy was performed and drinks would be served at the table.[citation needed] From this came the popular music hall form of entertainment—a show consisting of a variety of acts.[citation needed] A most famous London saloon was the Grecian Saloon in The Eagle, City Road, which is still famous because of a nursery rhyme: "Up and down the City Road / In and out The Eagle / That's the way the money goes / Pop goes the weasel." This meant that the customer had spent all his money at The Eagle, and needed to pawn his "weasel" to get some more. The meaning of the "weasel" is unclear but the two most likely definitions are: a flat iron used for finishing clothing; or rhyming slang for a coat (weasel and stoat). | {
"tokens": [
"By",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"18th",
"century",
"a",
"new",
"room",
"in",
"the",
"pub",
"was",
"established",
":",
"the",
"saloon.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Beer",
"establishments",
"had",
"always",
"provided",
"entertainment",
"of",
"some",
"sort",
"—",
"singing",
",",
"gaming",
"or",
"sport.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"Balls",
"Pond",
"Road",
"in",
"Islington",
"was",
"named",
"after",
"an",
"establishment",
"run",
"by",
"a",
"Mr",
"Ball",
"that",
"had",
"a",
"duck",
"pond",
"at",
"the",
"rear",
",",
"where",
"drinkers",
"could",
",",
"for",
"a",
"fee",
",",
"go",
"out",
"and",
"take",
"a",
"potshot",
"at",
"the",
"ducks",
".",
"More",
"common",
",",
"however",
",",
"was",
"a",
"card",
"room",
"or",
"a",
"billiard",
"room.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"The",
"saloon",
"was",
"a",
"room",
"where",
"for",
"an",
"admission",
"fee",
"or",
"a",
"higher",
"price",
"of",
"drinks",
",",
"singing",
",",
"dancing",
",",
"drama",
"or",
"comedy",
"was",
"performed",
"and",
"drinks",
"would",
"be",
"served",
"at",
"the",
"table.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"From",
"this",
"came",
"the",
"popular",
"music",
"hall",
"form",
"of",
"entertainment",
"—",
"a",
"show",
"consisting",
"of",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"acts.[citation",
"needed",
"]",
"A",
"most",
"famous",
"London",
"saloon",
"was",
"the",
"Grecian",
"Saloon",
"in",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"City",
"Road",
",",
"which",
"is",
"still",
"famous",
"because",
"of",
"a",
"nursery",
"rhyme",
":",
"\"",
"Up",
"and",
"down",
"the",
"City",
"Road",
"/",
"In",
"and",
"out",
"The",
"Eagle",
"/",
"That",
"'s",
"the",
"way",
"the",
"money",
"goes",
"/",
"Pop",
"goes",
"the",
"weasel",
".",
"\"",
"This",
"meant",
"that",
"the",
"customer",
"had",
"spent",
"all",
"his",
"money",
"at",
"The",
"Eagle",
",",
"and",
"needed",
"to",
"pawn",
"his",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"to",
"get",
"some",
"more",
".",
"The",
"meaning",
"of",
"the",
"\"",
"weasel",
"\"",
"is",
"unclear",
"but",
"the",
"two",
"most",
"likely",
"definitions",
"are",
":",
"a",
"flat",
"iron",
"used",
"for",
"finishing",
"clothing",
";",
"or",
"rhyming",
"slang",
"for",
"a",
"coat",
"(",
"weasel",
"and",
"stoat",
")",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
11,
14,
18,
23,
31,
33,
37,
42,
45,
49,
53,
57,
68,
70,
74,
91,
97,
99,
104,
119,
123,
130,
139,
153,
156,
161,
165,
166,
173,
175,
182,
185,
201,
207,
209,
215,
220,
225,
228,
238,
242,
248,
254,
257,
271,
275,
278,
280,
283,
288,
293,
297,
299,
304,
309,
312,
316,
320,
322,
328,
337,
342,
344,
348,
350,
353,
355,
358,
362,
366,
371,
373,
381,
384,
388,
393,
395,
400,
406,
408,
415,
417,
421,
423,
428,
433,
436,
438,
447,
462,
468,
470,
474,
481,
485,
487,
492,
498,
502,
505,
515,
519,
522,
524,
531,
537,
540,
546,
548,
555,
557,
564,
566,
572,
575,
582,
586,
596,
600,
607,
613,
616,
623,
626,
630,
646,
652,
654,
659,
664,
669,
673,
681,
687,
692,
697,
700,
713,
714,
716,
721,
732,
735,
737,
745,
748,
763,
769,
771,
773,
778,
785,
792,
799,
803,
807,
815,
822,
825,
829,
834,
836,
841,
845,
847,
853,
856,
862,
869,
877,
880,
882,
890,
895,
897,
898,
901,
905,
910,
914,
919,
924,
926,
929,
933,
937,
941,
947,
949,
953,
956,
960,
964,
968,
974,
979,
981,
985,
990,
994,
1000,
1001,
1003,
1008,
1014,
1019,
1023,
1032,
1036,
1042,
1046,
1050,
1056,
1059,
1063,
1068,
1070,
1074,
1081,
1084,
1089,
1093,
1094,
1100,
1102,
1105,
1109,
1114,
1118,
1120,
1124,
1132,
1135,
1139,
1140,
1146,
1148,
1151,
1159,
1163,
1167,
1171,
1176,
1183,
1195,
1198,
1200,
1202,
1207,
1212,
1217,
1221,
1231,
1239,
1241,
1244,
1252,
1258,
1262,
1264,
1269,
1270,
1277,
1281,
1286,
1287
]
} | d3dcaa7957d74b47bc5088f7d7180004 | What is rhyming slang for 'coat'? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"rhyming",
"slang",
"for",
"'",
"coat",
"'",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
16,
22,
26,
27,
31,
32
]
} | {
"text": [
"weasel"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
994
],
"end": [
999
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
202
],
"end": [
202
]
}
]
} | [
"weasel"
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.