mihirhirave/entity_extraction_ade_v2_with_validation

text stringlengths 22 455	relations listlengths 1 24
The hospital course of the acute renal failure is presented with a review of the literature on cases of acute renal failure after IVIG.	[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "IVIG" } ]
We report a 78-year-old man who had acute unilateral total visual loss after retrogasserian phenol injection for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.	[ { "ade": "acute unilateral total visual loss", "drug": "phenol" } ]
There are now reports of liver failure following treatment of childhood cancers with AMD.	[ { "ade": "liver failure", "drug": "AMD" } ]
We reported 3 patients who developed acute generalized dystonia and akinetic rigid syndrome following an initial therapy with d-penicillamine 125-500 mg daily.	[ { "ade": "acute generalized dystonia", "drug": "d-penicillamine" }, { "ade": "akinetic rigid syndrome", "drug": "d-penicillamine" } ]
A noninvasive method in the differential diagnosis of vecuronium-induced and magnesium-induced protracted neuromuscular block in a severely preeclamptic patient.	[ { "ade": "protracted neuromuscular block", "drug": "magnesium" }, { "ade": "protracted neuromuscular block", "drug": "vecuronium" } ]
ARA-C is frequently associated with dermatologic toxicity, but this is only the second case of toxic epidermal necrolysis described in connection with this drug.	[ { "ade": "dermatologic toxicity", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "ARA-C" } ]
Calcification and ossification of the spinal arachnoid after intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol.	[ { "ade": "ossification of the spinal arachnoid", "drug": "Depo-Medrol" }, { "ade": "Calcification", "drug": "Depo-Medrol" } ]
Since recent studies have reported no negative interactions with concurrent use, we here report three cases (one case of a prolonged seizure, a serotonin syndrome and a focal seizure) of severe lithium-induced side effects while patients underwent ECT without complications and lithium serum levels were still subtherapeutic.	[ { "ade": "focal seizure", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "prolonged seizure", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "serotonin syndrome", "drug": "lithium" } ]
Pneumonitis, bilateral pleural effusions, echocardiographic evidence of cardiac tamponade, and positive autoantibodies developed in a 43-year-old man, who was receiving long-term sulfasalazine therapy for chronic ulcerative colitis.	[ { "ade": "positive autoantibodies", "drug": "sulfasalazine" }, { "ade": "Pneumonitis", "drug": "sulfasalazine" }, { "ade": "cardiac tamponade", "drug": "sulfasalazine" }, { "ade": "bilateral pleural effusions", "drug": "sulfasalazine" } ]
Three patients developed proteinuria following gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.	[ { "ade": "proteinuria", "drug": "gold" } ]
Methotrexate is an effective but potentially toxic treatment for psoriasis.	[ { "ade": "potentially toxic", "drug": "Methotrexate" } ]
CASE SUMMARY: Two children with attention deficit disorder treated with methylphenidate as a simple drug developed fixed drug eruption of the scrotum.	[ { "ade": "fixed drug eruption of the scrotum", "drug": "methylphenidate" } ]
The relationship between infliximab treatment and lymphoma in Crohn's disease.	[ { "ade": "lymphoma", "drug": "infliximab" } ]
A case is reported of a 40 year old woman treated with intraventricular IL-2 for leptomeningeal disease who developed progressive cognitive dysfunction.	[ { "ade": "cognitive dysfunction", "drug": "IL-2" } ]
The currently available clinical and neuropharmacologic data suggest that carbamazepine may be an antagonist of dopamine and that this property is responsible for the production of dystonia.	[ { "ade": "dystonia", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]
A case of clozapine-induced tonic-clonic seizures managed with valproate: implications for clinical care.	[ { "ade": "tonic-clonic seizures", "drug": "clozapine" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Fixed drug rash induced by methylphenidate is a possible but rare phenomenon.	[ { "ade": "Fixed drug rash", "drug": "methylphenidate" } ]
Delay of corneal wound healing in patients treated with colchicine.	[ { "ade": "Delay of corneal wound healing", "drug": "colchicine" } ]
Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.	[ { "ade": "painful dysesthesia", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "flexor spasms", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "tonic grouped discharges", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "marked motor hyperactivity", "drug": "levodopa" } ]
A 72-year-old woman with a history of thyrotoxicosis presented with sore throat and fever two weeks after starting carbimazole.	[ { "ade": "fever", "drug": "carbimazole" }, { "ade": "sore throat", "drug": "carbimazole" } ]
PURPOSE: To present a case of respiratory depression following the administration of nebulised morphine.	[ { "ade": "respiratory depression", "drug": "morphine" } ]
Reinstitution of penicillamine treatment caused a recurrence thus proving a causal relationship between penicillamine and the described nail-changes.	[ { "ade": "nail-changes", "drug": "penicillamine" } ]
Cough induced by quinapril with resolution after changing to fosinopril.	[ { "ade": "Cough", "drug": "quinapril" } ]
This article describes a patient with suspected ciprofloxacin-induced interstitial nephritis.	[ { "ade": "interstitial nephritis", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" } ]
Pulmonary hemorrhage as a clinical manifestation of hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with mitomycin C therapy.	[ { "ade": "hemolytic-uremic syndrome", "drug": "mitomycin C" }, { "ade": "Pulmonary hemorrhage", "drug": "mitomycin C" } ]
Rosaceiform eruption induced by erlotinib.	[ { "ade": "Rosaceiform eruption", "drug": "erlotinib" } ]
A retrospective review of TTP patients with quinine-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) for whom ADAMTS13 was measured before plasma exchange was performed.	[ { "ade": "thrombotic microangiopathy", "drug": "quinine" }, { "ade": "TMA", "drug": "quinine" } ]
In patients with chronic heart failure, spironolactone added to conventional treatment may lead to serious and, occasionally, fatal hyperkalaemia.	[ { "ade": "serious and, occasionally, fatal hyperkalaemia", "drug": "spironolactone" } ]
A 65-year-old woman, in the intensive care unit because of septic shock and acute renal failure, had a small-bowel obstruction due to Amphojel concretions.	[ { "ade": "small-bowel obstruction", "drug": "Amphojel" } ]
Although combinations of belladonna, ergotamine, and phenobarbital have been used for medical treatment of menopausal symptoms since the 1960s, this is the first known case report of its association with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.	[ { "ade": "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome", "drug": "belladonna" }, { "ade": "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome", "drug": "ergotamine" }, { "ade": "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome", "drug": "phenobarbital" } ]
Severe leukopenia associated with mild hepatotoxicity in an HIV carrier treated with nevirapine.	[ { "ade": "mild hepatotoxicity", "drug": "nevirapine" }, { "ade": "Severe leukopenia", "drug": "nevirapine" } ]
Electro-oculography, electroretinography, visual evoked potentials, and multifocal electroretinography in patients with vigabatrin-attributed visual field constriction.	[ { "ade": "visual field constriction", "drug": "vigabatrin" } ]
The authors caution that treatment with alprazolam may be complicated by the induction of mania.	[ { "ade": "mania", "drug": "alprazolam" } ]
We report a cae of paranoid psychosis following use of a decongestant containing PPA and summarize the case report literature of psychiatric adverse effects to PPA in which doses were known and stated to be within recommended guidelines.	[ { "ade": "psychiatric adverse effects", "drug": "PPA" }, { "ade": "paranoid psychosis", "drug": "PPA" } ]
We describe a case of fibrosing alveolitis, diagnosed by lung biopsy, in a patient receiving amiodarone which responded to corticosteroid therapy.	[ { "ade": "fibrosing alveolitis", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]
Warfarin-associated bleeding complication saved life.	[ { "ade": "bleeding", "drug": "Warfarin" } ]
Ifosfamide-associated neurotoxicity was noted within hours of drug administration and improved rapidly following hemodialysis.	[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "Ifosfamide" } ]
Angioedema, a rare side effect of carbamazepine, involves vascular leakage in dermis and subcutis mediated by immunoglobulin E and/or bradykinins.	[ { "ade": "Angioedema", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]
INH, which is a leading cause of drug eruptions in the above group of drugs was withdrawn.	[ { "ade": "drug eruptions", "drug": "INH" } ]
Two cases of sirolimus-associated pneumonitis have been reported after cardiac transplantation.	[ { "ade": "pneumonitis", "drug": "sirolimus" } ]
RESULTS: Two patients with ocular inflammation of unknown origin developed severe chorioretinitis after IVTA injection.	[ { "ade": "severe chorioretinitis", "drug": "IVTA" } ]
The occurrence of symptoms that could be ascribed to an acute coronary syndrome should always be taken seriously during the first rituximab infusion and investigated aggressively.	[ { "ade": "acute coronary syndrome", "drug": "rituximab" } ]
A patient with alcoholic cerebellar degeneration had periodic alternating nystagmus during a period of phenytoin intoxication.	[ { "ade": "periodic alternating nystagmus", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]
Tardive dyskinesia in 2 patients treated with ziprasidone.	[ { "ade": "Tardive dyskinesia", "drug": "ziprasidone" } ]
Levofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in an elderly patient.	[ { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "Levofloxacin" } ]
Since amiodarone was first marketed in 1992 in Japan, the incidence of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) has been increasing.	[ { "ade": "thyrotoxicosis", "drug": "amiodarone" }, { "ade": "AIT", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]
Agranulocytosis and granulocytopenia associated with quetiapine.	[ { "ade": "Agranulocytosis", "drug": "quetiapine" }, { "ade": "granulocytopenia", "drug": "quetiapine" } ]
Within 3 weeks of beginning continuous daily isoniazid and rifampin therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis, a patient developed acute renal failure.	[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "isoniazid" }, { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "rifampin" } ]
The exophthalmos improved dramatically within 72 hours of the withdrawal of lithium.	[ { "ade": "exophthalmos", "drug": "lithium" } ]
OBJECTIVE: To document a case of serotonin syndrome (SS) associated with mirtazapine monotherapy, review the previously reported cases of SS associated with this tetracyclic antidepressant, and discuss the possible pathogenic mechanisms leading to this serious adverse drug reaction.	[ { "ade": "SS", "drug": "mirtazapine" }, { "ade": "serotonin syndrome", "drug": "mirtazapine" } ]
Multiple mechanisms for ciprofloxacin-induced nephrotoxicity have been proposed.	[ { "ade": "nephrotoxicity", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" } ]
The objective of this report is to describe a case of fixed drug eruption that occurred during omeprazole treatment.	[ { "ade": "eruption", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]
The probability of developing acute leukemia in this study was not significantly correlated to the total cumulative dosage of Treosulfan.	[ { "ade": "acute leukemia", "drug": "Treosulfan" } ]
We describe the development of cutaneous scleroderma in 3 patients coincident with the use of bleomycin in low cumulative doses of less than 100 U.	[ { "ade": "cutaneous scleroderma", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) following cisplatin administration in a pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient with a malignant pleural effusion.	[ { "ade": "Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH", "drug": "cisplatin" }, { "ade": "SIADH", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]
Renal failure appeared 8 to 17 days after beginning gentamicin therapy and was characterized by creatinine clearances 4 to 10 ml/min, urine to plasma creatinine ratios less than 20, urinary sodium concentrations 16 to 60 mEq/liter, proteinuria, and cylindruria.	[ { "ade": "Renal failure", "drug": "gentamicin" } ]
We present a case report of a patient with alveolar hydatid disease, whose treatment with mebendazole was brief due to side effects of alopecia and granulocytopenia; and review the features of this disease which, with increasing international migration, may be encountered more frequently in Australia.	[ { "ade": "alopecia", "drug": "mebendazole" }, { "ade": "granulocytopenia", "drug": "mebendazole" } ]
For patients who suffer from osteogenic sarcoma and have anaphylactic reactions to MTX, this desensitization protocol will allow these patients to continue with needed therapeutic or palliative chemotherapy.	[ { "ade": "anaphylactic reactions", "drug": "MTX" } ]
Ocular hypertension occurred 1 month after the second ranibizumab injection in patients 1 and 3, and 1 month after the first ranibizumab in patient 2.	[ { "ade": "Ocular hypertension", "drug": "ranibizumab" } ]
In this case, it was suspected that a combination of cigarette smoking, pulmonary fibrosis, and low-dose methotrexate therapy might have promoted the development of lung cancer.	[ { "ade": "lung cancer", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]
The relation between tacrolimus treatment and staining was suggested by the appearance of pigmentation during topical tacrolimus treatment and its clinical disappearance when treatment was stopped.	[ { "ade": "pigmentation", "drug": "tacrolimus" } ]
We now report the first known cancer patient who developed life-threatening complications after treatment with topical 5-FU and was shown subsequently to have profound DPD deficiency.	[ { "ade": "life-threatening complications", "drug": "5-FU" } ]
Without other causes for the hyponatremia, she was diagnosed with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, presumably caused by desmopressin.	[ { "ade": "hyponatremia", "drug": "desmopressin" }, { "ade": "syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone", "drug": "desmopressin" } ]
We present two cases of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity in which the initial HRCT showed a widespread reticular pattern and associated distortion of the lung parenchyma, thought to represent established fibrosis.	[ { "ade": "pulmonary toxicity", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "widespread reticular pattern", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "distortion of the lung parenchyma", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "fibrosis", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" } ]
A 69-year-old man developed pure red cell aplasia after taking fenoprofen for ten months.	[ { "ade": "pure red cell aplasia", "drug": "fenoprofen" } ]
Seizures and transient blindness following intravenous pulse methylprednisolone in children with primary glomerulonephritis.	[ { "ade": "Seizures", "drug": "methylprednisolone" }, { "ade": "transient blindness", "drug": "methylprednisolone" } ]
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present two cases of significant morbidity related to primary and secondary perforation of the bladder following two instillations of epirubicin.	[ { "ade": "primary and secondary perforation of the bladder", "drug": "epirubicin" } ]
Mitomycin C (MMC) is an alkylating agent that has been recently associated with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS).	[ { "ade": "hemolytic-uremic syndrome", "drug": "Mitomycin C" }, { "ade": "HUS", "drug": "MMC" }, { "ade": "hemolytic-uremic syndrome", "drug": "MMC" }, { "ade": "HUS", "drug": "Mitomycin C" } ]
Although there have been numerous reports of effusions, none have provided complete pleural fluid analysis; therefore, we report 2 patients with dasatinib-induced pleural effusion with complete pleural fluid analysis.	[ { "ade": "pleural effusion", "drug": "dasatinib" } ]
Ciprofloxacin-induced psychosis.	[ { "ade": "psychosis", "drug": "Ciprofloxacin" } ]
Acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity: concentration-side effect relationship in acyclovir overdose.	[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "Acyclovir" } ]
Venlafaxine-induced urinary incontinence resolved after switching to sertraline.	[ { "ade": "urinary incontinence", "drug": "Venlafaxine" } ]
Minimal change disease in a patient receiving IFN-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.	[ { "ade": "Minimal change disease", "drug": "IFN-alpha" } ]
Fluphenazine-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a schizophrenic patient.	[ { "ade": "neuroleptic malignant syndrome", "drug": "Fluphenazine" } ]
The present report suggests that clarithromycin coadministration induces increased plasma carbamazepine concentrations, which may result in carbamazepine toxicity.	[ { "ade": "carbamazepine toxicity", "drug": "clarithromycin" }, { "ade": "increased plasma carbamazepine", "drug": "carbamazepine" }, { "ade": "increased plasma carbamazepine", "drug": "clarithromycin" }, { "ade": "carbamazepine toxicity", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]
The dermatology literature heretofore has not noted that anemia is a side effect of patients taking MMF to treat pemphigus.	[ { "ade": "anemia", "drug": "MMF" } ]
We report the first case, to our knowledge, of rituximab-related autoimmune hemolytic anemia.	[ { "ade": "autoimmune hemolytic anemia", "drug": "rituximab" } ]
Hydrocortisone may decrease the incidence of mortality associated with cardiac arrhythmias in children receiving amphotericin B overdoses.	[ { "ade": "cardiac arrhythmias", "drug": "amphotericin B" }, { "ade": "mortality", "drug": "amphotericin B" } ]
OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of anaphylactoid reactions to intraperitoneal cisplatin in 3 patients.	[ { "ade": "anaphylactoid reactions", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]
METHODS: We report two cases of pseudoporphyria caused by naproxen and oxaprozin.	[ { "ade": "pseudoporphyria", "drug": "oxaprozin" }, { "ade": "pseudoporphyria", "drug": "naproxen" } ]
Peripheral nerve dysfunction is a potentially serious complication of high-dose cytosine arabinoside.	[ { "ade": "Peripheral nerve dysfunction", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" } ]
Two patients with extrinsic asthma and coexistent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus sustained an anaphylactoid reaction after the intravenous administration of 50% solution of dextrose.	[ { "ade": "anaphylactoid reaction", "drug": "dextrose" } ]
CASE SUMMARY: A 58-year-old white woman developed fulminant liver failure while being treated with the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin for pneumonia.	[ { "ade": "fulminant liver failure", "drug": "clarithromycin" } ]
Infliximab and its serious adverse effects are discussed, and other cases of osteomyelitis with infliximab use are also reviewed.	[ { "ade": "osteomyelitis", "drug": "infliximab" }, { "ade": "osteomyelitis", "drug": "Infliximab" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Although mirtazapine offers clinicians a combination of strong efficacy and good safety, we suggest bearing SS in mind when prescribing this drug, especially in frail, elderly patients with underlying chronic conditions.	[ { "ade": "SS", "drug": "mirtazapine" } ]
We describe a 74-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 1.5 months after commencement of mizoribin prescription when his arthritis was improved.	[ { "ade": "syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone", "drug": "mizoribin" }, { "ade": "SIADH", "drug": "mizoribin" } ]
Duodenal ulceration: a complication of tolazoline therapy.	[ { "ade": "Duodenal ulceration", "drug": "tolazoline" } ]
Self-limited edema is a well-recognized complication of insulin therapy.	[ { "ade": "Self-limited edema", "drug": "insulin" } ]
The knowledge concerning VGB-associated visual dysfunction in pediatric patients, particularly in those who have been exposed to VGB in utero is limited.	[ { "ade": "visual dysfunction", "drug": "VGB" } ]
Sixteen hours after the first administration of IFN, IFN was suspended by the symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF).	[ { "ade": "CHF", "drug": "IFN" }, { "ade": "congestive heart failure", "drug": "IFN" } ]
Diphenylhydantoin apparently adversely affected both the clinical and biochemical parameters of the acute intermittent porphyria.	[ { "ade": "acute intermittent porphyria", "drug": "Diphenylhydantoin" } ]
Recurrent hypotension immediately after seizures in nortriptyline overdose.	[ { "ade": "Recurrent hypotension", "drug": "nortriptyline" }, { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "nortriptyline" } ]
Codeine intoxication in the neonate.	[ { "ade": "Codeine intoxication", "drug": "Codeine" } ]
Hepatotoxicity associated with 6-thioguanine therapy for Crohn's disease.	[ { "ade": "Hepatotoxicity", "drug": "6-thioguanine" } ]
Progression of chronic myeloid leukemia to blast crisis during treatment with imatinib mesylate.	[ { "ade": "blast crisis", "drug": "imatinib mesylate" } ]
The incidence of angioedema secondary to losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is unknown.	[ { "ade": "angioedema", "drug": "losartan" } ]
The results of the ultrasound examination combined with clinical anamnesis allowed diagnosis of gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia due to prolonged PGE1 therapy.	[ { "ade": "gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia", "drug": "PGE1" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: The increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and its treatment with metformin might result in more cases of lactic acidosis.	[ { "ade": "lactic acidosis", "drug": "metformin" } ]
Anaphylactic reaction to bacitracin ointment.	[ { "ade": "Anaphylactic reaction", "drug": "bacitracin" } ]
The spectrum of renal lesions occurring during antituberculous therapy, particularly in association with rifampin, may be wider than previously suspected.	[ { "ade": "renal lesions", "drug": "rifampin" } ]

The hospital course of the acute renal failure is presented with a review of the literature on cases of acute renal failure after IVIG.

[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "IVIG" } ]

We report a 78-year-old man who had acute unilateral total visual loss after retrogasserian phenol injection for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

[ { "ade": "acute unilateral total visual loss", "drug": "phenol" } ]

There are now reports of liver failure following treatment of childhood cancers with AMD.

[ { "ade": "liver failure", "drug": "AMD" } ]

We reported 3 patients who developed acute generalized dystonia and akinetic rigid syndrome following an initial therapy with d-penicillamine 125-500 mg daily.

[ { "ade": "acute generalized dystonia", "drug": "d-penicillamine" }, { "ade": "akinetic rigid syndrome", "drug": "d-penicillamine" } ]

A noninvasive method in the differential diagnosis of vecuronium-induced and magnesium-induced protracted neuromuscular block in a severely preeclamptic patient.

[ { "ade": "protracted neuromuscular block", "drug": "magnesium" }, { "ade": "protracted neuromuscular block", "drug": "vecuronium" } ]

ARA-C is frequently associated with dermatologic toxicity, but this is only the second case of toxic epidermal necrolysis described in connection with this drug.

[ { "ade": "dermatologic toxicity", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "ARA-C" } ]

Calcification and ossification of the spinal arachnoid after intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol.

[ { "ade": "ossification of the spinal arachnoid", "drug": "Depo-Medrol" }, { "ade": "Calcification", "drug": "Depo-Medrol" } ]

Since recent studies have reported no negative interactions with concurrent use, we here report three cases (one case of a prolonged seizure, a serotonin syndrome and a focal seizure) of severe lithium-induced side effects while patients underwent ECT without complications and lithium serum levels were still subtherapeutic.

[ { "ade": "focal seizure", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "prolonged seizure", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "serotonin syndrome", "drug": "lithium" } ]

Pneumonitis, bilateral pleural effusions, echocardiographic evidence of cardiac tamponade, and positive autoantibodies developed in a 43-year-old man, who was receiving long-term sulfasalazine therapy for chronic ulcerative colitis.

[ { "ade": "positive autoantibodies", "drug": "sulfasalazine" }, { "ade": "Pneumonitis", "drug": "sulfasalazine" }, { "ade": "cardiac tamponade", "drug": "sulfasalazine" }, { "ade": "bilateral pleural effusions", "drug": "sulfasalazine" } ]

Three patients developed proteinuria following gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

[ { "ade": "proteinuria", "drug": "gold" } ]

Methotrexate is an effective but potentially toxic treatment for psoriasis.

[ { "ade": "potentially toxic", "drug": "Methotrexate" } ]

CASE SUMMARY: Two children with attention deficit disorder treated with methylphenidate as a simple drug developed fixed drug eruption of the scrotum.

[ { "ade": "fixed drug eruption of the scrotum", "drug": "methylphenidate" } ]

The relationship between infliximab treatment and lymphoma in Crohn's disease.

[ { "ade": "lymphoma", "drug": "infliximab" } ]

A case is reported of a 40 year old woman treated with intraventricular IL-2 for leptomeningeal disease who developed progressive cognitive dysfunction.

[ { "ade": "cognitive dysfunction", "drug": "IL-2" } ]

The currently available clinical and neuropharmacologic data suggest that carbamazepine may be an antagonist of dopamine and that this property is responsible for the production of dystonia.

[ { "ade": "dystonia", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]

A case of clozapine-induced tonic-clonic seizures managed with valproate: implications for clinical care.

[ { "ade": "tonic-clonic seizures", "drug": "clozapine" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Fixed drug rash induced by methylphenidate is a possible but rare phenomenon.

[ { "ade": "Fixed drug rash", "drug": "methylphenidate" } ]

Delay of corneal wound healing in patients treated with colchicine.

[ { "ade": "Delay of corneal wound healing", "drug": "colchicine" } ]

Videopolysomnographic and pharmacokinetic studies with monitoring of plasma levodopa levels demonstrated marked motor hyperactivity during augmentation, with anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials, tonic grouped discharges and flexor spasms, associated with painful dysesthesia.

[ { "ade": "painful dysesthesia", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "flexor spasms", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "anarchic discharges of motor unit potentials", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "tonic grouped discharges", "drug": "levodopa" }, { "ade": "marked motor hyperactivity", "drug": "levodopa" } ]

A 72-year-old woman with a history of thyrotoxicosis presented with sore throat and fever two weeks after starting carbimazole.

[ { "ade": "fever", "drug": "carbimazole" }, { "ade": "sore throat", "drug": "carbimazole" } ]

PURPOSE: To present a case of respiratory depression following the administration of nebulised morphine.

[ { "ade": "respiratory depression", "drug": "morphine" } ]

Reinstitution of penicillamine treatment caused a recurrence thus proving a causal relationship between penicillamine and the described nail-changes.

[ { "ade": "nail-changes", "drug": "penicillamine" } ]

Cough induced by quinapril with resolution after changing to fosinopril.

[ { "ade": "Cough", "drug": "quinapril" } ]

This article describes a patient with suspected ciprofloxacin-induced interstitial nephritis.

[ { "ade": "interstitial nephritis", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" } ]

Pulmonary hemorrhage as a clinical manifestation of hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with mitomycin C therapy.

[ { "ade": "hemolytic-uremic syndrome", "drug": "mitomycin C" }, { "ade": "Pulmonary hemorrhage", "drug": "mitomycin C" } ]

Rosaceiform eruption induced by erlotinib.

[ { "ade": "Rosaceiform eruption", "drug": "erlotinib" } ]

A retrospective review of TTP patients with quinine-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) for whom ADAMTS13 was measured before plasma exchange was performed.

[ { "ade": "thrombotic microangiopathy", "drug": "quinine" }, { "ade": "TMA", "drug": "quinine" } ]

In patients with chronic heart failure, spironolactone added to conventional treatment may lead to serious and, occasionally, fatal hyperkalaemia.

[ { "ade": "serious and, occasionally, fatal hyperkalaemia", "drug": "spironolactone" } ]

A 65-year-old woman, in the intensive care unit because of septic shock and acute renal failure, had a small-bowel obstruction due to Amphojel concretions.

[ { "ade": "small-bowel obstruction", "drug": "Amphojel" } ]

Although combinations of belladonna, ergotamine, and phenobarbital have been used for medical treatment of menopausal symptoms since the 1960s, this is the first known case report of its association with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.

[ { "ade": "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome", "drug": "belladonna" }, { "ade": "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome", "drug": "ergotamine" }, { "ade": "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome", "drug": "phenobarbital" } ]

Severe leukopenia associated with mild hepatotoxicity in an HIV carrier treated with nevirapine.

[ { "ade": "mild hepatotoxicity", "drug": "nevirapine" }, { "ade": "Severe leukopenia", "drug": "nevirapine" } ]

Electro-oculography, electroretinography, visual evoked potentials, and multifocal electroretinography in patients with vigabatrin-attributed visual field constriction.

[ { "ade": "visual field constriction", "drug": "vigabatrin" } ]

The authors caution that treatment with alprazolam may be complicated by the induction of mania.

[ { "ade": "mania", "drug": "alprazolam" } ]

We report a cae of paranoid psychosis following use of a decongestant containing PPA and summarize the case report literature of psychiatric adverse effects to PPA in which doses were known and stated to be within recommended guidelines.

[ { "ade": "psychiatric adverse effects", "drug": "PPA" }, { "ade": "paranoid psychosis", "drug": "PPA" } ]

We describe a case of fibrosing alveolitis, diagnosed by lung biopsy, in a patient receiving amiodarone which responded to corticosteroid therapy.

[ { "ade": "fibrosing alveolitis", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]

Warfarin-associated bleeding complication saved life.

[ { "ade": "bleeding", "drug": "Warfarin" } ]

Ifosfamide-associated neurotoxicity was noted within hours of drug administration and improved rapidly following hemodialysis.

[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "Ifosfamide" } ]

Angioedema, a rare side effect of carbamazepine, involves vascular leakage in dermis and subcutis mediated by immunoglobulin E and/or bradykinins.

[ { "ade": "Angioedema", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]

INH, which is a leading cause of drug eruptions in the above group of drugs was withdrawn.

[ { "ade": "drug eruptions", "drug": "INH" } ]

Two cases of sirolimus-associated pneumonitis have been reported after cardiac transplantation.

[ { "ade": "pneumonitis", "drug": "sirolimus" } ]

RESULTS: Two patients with ocular inflammation of unknown origin developed severe chorioretinitis after IVTA injection.

[ { "ade": "severe chorioretinitis", "drug": "IVTA" } ]

The occurrence of symptoms that could be ascribed to an acute coronary syndrome should always be taken seriously during the first rituximab infusion and investigated aggressively.

[ { "ade": "acute coronary syndrome", "drug": "rituximab" } ]

A patient with alcoholic cerebellar degeneration had periodic alternating nystagmus during a period of phenytoin intoxication.

[ { "ade": "periodic alternating nystagmus", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]

Tardive dyskinesia in 2 patients treated with ziprasidone.

[ { "ade": "Tardive dyskinesia", "drug": "ziprasidone" } ]

Levofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in an elderly patient.

[ { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "Levofloxacin" } ]

Since amiodarone was first marketed in 1992 in Japan, the incidence of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) has been increasing.

[ { "ade": "thyrotoxicosis", "drug": "amiodarone" }, { "ade": "AIT", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]

Agranulocytosis and granulocytopenia associated with quetiapine.

[ { "ade": "Agranulocytosis", "drug": "quetiapine" }, { "ade": "granulocytopenia", "drug": "quetiapine" } ]

Within 3 weeks of beginning continuous daily isoniazid and rifampin therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis, a patient developed acute renal failure.

[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "isoniazid" }, { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "rifampin" } ]

The exophthalmos improved dramatically within 72 hours of the withdrawal of lithium.

[ { "ade": "exophthalmos", "drug": "lithium" } ]

OBJECTIVE: To document a case of serotonin syndrome (SS) associated with mirtazapine monotherapy, review the previously reported cases of SS associated with this tetracyclic antidepressant, and discuss the possible pathogenic mechanisms leading to this serious adverse drug reaction.

[ { "ade": "SS", "drug": "mirtazapine" }, { "ade": "serotonin syndrome", "drug": "mirtazapine" } ]

Multiple mechanisms for ciprofloxacin-induced nephrotoxicity have been proposed.

[ { "ade": "nephrotoxicity", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" } ]

The objective of this report is to describe a case of fixed drug eruption that occurred during omeprazole treatment.

[ { "ade": "eruption", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]

The probability of developing acute leukemia in this study was not significantly correlated to the total cumulative dosage of Treosulfan.

[ { "ade": "acute leukemia", "drug": "Treosulfan" } ]

We describe the development of cutaneous scleroderma in 3 patients coincident with the use of bleomycin in low cumulative doses of less than 100 U.

[ { "ade": "cutaneous scleroderma", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) following cisplatin administration in a pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient with a malignant pleural effusion.

[ { "ade": "Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH", "drug": "cisplatin" }, { "ade": "SIADH", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]

Renal failure appeared 8 to 17 days after beginning gentamicin therapy and was characterized by creatinine clearances 4 to 10 ml/min, urine to plasma creatinine ratios less than 20, urinary sodium concentrations 16 to 60 mEq/liter, proteinuria, and cylindruria.

[ { "ade": "Renal failure", "drug": "gentamicin" } ]

We present a case report of a patient with alveolar hydatid disease, whose treatment with mebendazole was brief due to side effects of alopecia and granulocytopenia; and review the features of this disease which, with increasing international migration, may be encountered more frequently in Australia.

[ { "ade": "alopecia", "drug": "mebendazole" }, { "ade": "granulocytopenia", "drug": "mebendazole" } ]

For patients who suffer from osteogenic sarcoma and have anaphylactic reactions to MTX, this desensitization protocol will allow these patients to continue with needed therapeutic or palliative chemotherapy.

[ { "ade": "anaphylactic reactions", "drug": "MTX" } ]

Ocular hypertension occurred 1 month after the second ranibizumab injection in patients 1 and 3, and 1 month after the first ranibizumab in patient 2.

[ { "ade": "Ocular hypertension", "drug": "ranibizumab" } ]

In this case, it was suspected that a combination of cigarette smoking, pulmonary fibrosis, and low-dose methotrexate therapy might have promoted the development of lung cancer.

[ { "ade": "lung cancer", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]

The relation between tacrolimus treatment and staining was suggested by the appearance of pigmentation during topical tacrolimus treatment and its clinical disappearance when treatment was stopped.

[ { "ade": "pigmentation", "drug": "tacrolimus" } ]

We now report the first known cancer patient who developed life-threatening complications after treatment with topical 5-FU and was shown subsequently to have profound DPD deficiency.

[ { "ade": "life-threatening complications", "drug": "5-FU" } ]

Without other causes for the hyponatremia, she was diagnosed with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, presumably caused by desmopressin.

[ { "ade": "hyponatremia", "drug": "desmopressin" }, { "ade": "syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone", "drug": "desmopressin" } ]

We present two cases of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity in which the initial HRCT showed a widespread reticular pattern and associated distortion of the lung parenchyma, thought to represent established fibrosis.

[ { "ade": "pulmonary toxicity", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "widespread reticular pattern", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "distortion of the lung parenchyma", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "fibrosis", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" } ]

A 69-year-old man developed pure red cell aplasia after taking fenoprofen for ten months.

[ { "ade": "pure red cell aplasia", "drug": "fenoprofen" } ]

Seizures and transient blindness following intravenous pulse methylprednisolone in children with primary glomerulonephritis.

[ { "ade": "Seizures", "drug": "methylprednisolone" }, { "ade": "transient blindness", "drug": "methylprednisolone" } ]

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present two cases of significant morbidity related to primary and secondary perforation of the bladder following two instillations of epirubicin.

[ { "ade": "primary and secondary perforation of the bladder", "drug": "epirubicin" } ]

Mitomycin C (MMC) is an alkylating agent that has been recently associated with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS).

[ { "ade": "hemolytic-uremic syndrome", "drug": "Mitomycin C" }, { "ade": "HUS", "drug": "MMC" }, { "ade": "hemolytic-uremic syndrome", "drug": "MMC" }, { "ade": "HUS", "drug": "Mitomycin C" } ]

Although there have been numerous reports of effusions, none have provided complete pleural fluid analysis; therefore, we report 2 patients with dasatinib-induced pleural effusion with complete pleural fluid analysis.

[ { "ade": "pleural effusion", "drug": "dasatinib" } ]

Ciprofloxacin-induced psychosis.

[ { "ade": "psychosis", "drug": "Ciprofloxacin" } ]

Acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity: concentration-side effect relationship in acyclovir overdose.

[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "Acyclovir" } ]

Venlafaxine-induced urinary incontinence resolved after switching to sertraline.

[ { "ade": "urinary incontinence", "drug": "Venlafaxine" } ]

Minimal change disease in a patient receiving IFN-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

[ { "ade": "Minimal change disease", "drug": "IFN-alpha" } ]

Fluphenazine-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a schizophrenic patient.

[ { "ade": "neuroleptic malignant syndrome", "drug": "Fluphenazine" } ]

The present report suggests that clarithromycin coadministration induces increased plasma carbamazepine concentrations, which may result in carbamazepine toxicity.

[ { "ade": "carbamazepine toxicity", "drug": "clarithromycin" }, { "ade": "increased plasma carbamazepine", "drug": "carbamazepine" }, { "ade": "increased plasma carbamazepine", "drug": "clarithromycin" }, { "ade": "carbamazepine toxicity", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]

The dermatology literature heretofore has not noted that anemia is a side effect of patients taking MMF to treat pemphigus.

[ { "ade": "anemia", "drug": "MMF" } ]

We report the first case, to our knowledge, of rituximab-related autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

[ { "ade": "autoimmune hemolytic anemia", "drug": "rituximab" } ]

Hydrocortisone may decrease the incidence of mortality associated with cardiac arrhythmias in children receiving amphotericin B overdoses.

[ { "ade": "cardiac arrhythmias", "drug": "amphotericin B" }, { "ade": "mortality", "drug": "amphotericin B" } ]

OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of anaphylactoid reactions to intraperitoneal cisplatin in 3 patients.

[ { "ade": "anaphylactoid reactions", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]

METHODS: We report two cases of pseudoporphyria caused by naproxen and oxaprozin.

[ { "ade": "pseudoporphyria", "drug": "oxaprozin" }, { "ade": "pseudoporphyria", "drug": "naproxen" } ]

Peripheral nerve dysfunction is a potentially serious complication of high-dose cytosine arabinoside.

[ { "ade": "Peripheral nerve dysfunction", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" } ]

Two patients with extrinsic asthma and coexistent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus sustained an anaphylactoid reaction after the intravenous administration of 50% solution of dextrose.

[ { "ade": "anaphylactoid reaction", "drug": "dextrose" } ]

CASE SUMMARY: A 58-year-old white woman developed fulminant liver failure while being treated with the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin for pneumonia.

[ { "ade": "fulminant liver failure", "drug": "clarithromycin" } ]

Infliximab and its serious adverse effects are discussed, and other cases of osteomyelitis with infliximab use are also reviewed.

[ { "ade": "osteomyelitis", "drug": "infliximab" }, { "ade": "osteomyelitis", "drug": "Infliximab" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Although mirtazapine offers clinicians a combination of strong efficacy and good safety, we suggest bearing SS in mind when prescribing this drug, especially in frail, elderly patients with underlying chronic conditions.

[ { "ade": "SS", "drug": "mirtazapine" } ]

We describe a 74-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 1.5 months after commencement of mizoribin prescription when his arthritis was improved.

[ { "ade": "syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone", "drug": "mizoribin" }, { "ade": "SIADH", "drug": "mizoribin" } ]

Duodenal ulceration: a complication of tolazoline therapy.

[ { "ade": "Duodenal ulceration", "drug": "tolazoline" } ]

Self-limited edema is a well-recognized complication of insulin therapy.

[ { "ade": "Self-limited edema", "drug": "insulin" } ]

The knowledge concerning VGB-associated visual dysfunction in pediatric patients, particularly in those who have been exposed to VGB in utero is limited.

[ { "ade": "visual dysfunction", "drug": "VGB" } ]

Sixteen hours after the first administration of IFN, IFN was suspended by the symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF).

[ { "ade": "CHF", "drug": "IFN" }, { "ade": "congestive heart failure", "drug": "IFN" } ]

Diphenylhydantoin apparently adversely affected both the clinical and biochemical parameters of the acute intermittent porphyria.

[ { "ade": "acute intermittent porphyria", "drug": "Diphenylhydantoin" } ]

Recurrent hypotension immediately after seizures in nortriptyline overdose.

[ { "ade": "Recurrent hypotension", "drug": "nortriptyline" }, { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "nortriptyline" } ]

Codeine intoxication in the neonate.

[ { "ade": "Codeine intoxication", "drug": "Codeine" } ]

Hepatotoxicity associated with 6-thioguanine therapy for Crohn's disease.

[ { "ade": "Hepatotoxicity", "drug": "6-thioguanine" } ]

Progression of chronic myeloid leukemia to blast crisis during treatment with imatinib mesylate.

[ { "ade": "blast crisis", "drug": "imatinib mesylate" } ]

The incidence of angioedema secondary to losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is unknown.

[ { "ade": "angioedema", "drug": "losartan" } ]

The results of the ultrasound examination combined with clinical anamnesis allowed diagnosis of gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia due to prolonged PGE1 therapy.

[ { "ade": "gastric mucosa foveolar hyperplasia", "drug": "PGE1" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: The increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and its treatment with metformin might result in more cases of lactic acidosis.

[ { "ade": "lactic acidosis", "drug": "metformin" } ]

Anaphylactic reaction to bacitracin ointment.

[ { "ade": "Anaphylactic reaction", "drug": "bacitracin" } ]

The spectrum of renal lesions occurring during antituberculous therapy, particularly in association with rifampin, may be wider than previously suspected.

[ { "ade": "renal lesions", "drug": "rifampin" } ]