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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "diagenesis (ˌdaɪəˈdʒɛnɪsɪs). 1 the sum of the physical, chemical, and biological changes that take place in sediments as they become consolidated into rocks, including compaction and cementation, but excluding weathering and metamorphic changes. noun. 1 the sum of the physical, chemical, and biological changes that take place in sediments as they become consolidated into rocks, including compaction and cementation, but excluding weathering and metamorphic changes. ( 2 chemistry) recrystallization of a solid to form large crystal grains from smaller on", "Definition: Diagenesis is the name for a wide range of changes that affect sediments during their progress to become sedimentary rocks: after they are laid down, while they are becoming rock, and before they first undergo metamorphism. Late diagenesis, or epigenesis, covers everything that may happen to sedimentary rock between consolidation and the lowest stage of metamorphism. Emplacement of sedimentary dikes, growth of new minerals (authigenesis) and various low-temperature chemical changes (hydration, dolomitization) mark this stage.", "The term diagenesis is used to describe all the chemical, physical, and biological changes, including cementation, undergone by a sediment after its initial deposition, exclusive of surface weathering. Some of these processes cause the sediment to consolidate: a compact, solid substance forms out of loose material. Secondary structures can also have been formed by diagenesis or the formation of a soil (pedogenesis) when a sediment is exposed above the water level. An example of a diagenetic structure common in carbonate rocks is a stylolite.", "diagenesis. n. 1. (Geological Science) the sum of the physical, chemical, and biological changes that take place in sediments as they become consolidated into rocks, including compaction and cementation, but excluding weathering and metamorphic changes.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Diagenesis /ˌdaɪəˈdʒɛnəsɪs/ is the change of sediments or existing sedimentary rocks into a different sedimentary rock during and after rock formation (lithification), at temperatures and pressures less than that required for the formation of metamorphic rocks. It does not include changes from weathering. The term diagenesis, literally meaning across generation, is extensively used in geology. However, this term has filtered into the field of anthropology, archaeology and paleontology to describe the changes and alterations that take place on skeletal (biological) material.", "In petroleum geochemistry, diagenesis is the process involving the biological, physical, and chemical alteration of the organic debris in sediments without a pronounced effect from rising temperature (Hunt, 1996). It covers the range of temperature up to about 50°C (122°F). ", "The study of diagenesis in rocks is used to understand the geologic history they have undergone and the nature and type of fluids that have circulated through them. From a commercial standpoint, such studies aid in assessing the likelihood of finding various economically viable mineral and hydrocarbon deposits. The term diagenesis, literally meaning across generation, is extensively used in geology. However, this term has filtered into the field of anthropology, archaeology and paleontology to describe the changes and alterations that take place on skeletal (biological) material.", "Introduction. Diagenesis encompasses all the physical and chemical processes that affect sediments and sedimentary rocks in the portion of the rock cycle that includes the period of burial between deposition and weathering, and also between deposition and the onset of metamorphism. Physical grain rearrangement in very early diagenesis of unconsolidated sediment is an important control on the subsequent path of chemical diagenesis because of the effects on permeability and grain surface characteristics.", "1 the sum of the physical, chemical, and biological changes that take place in sediments as they become consolidated into rocks, including compaction and cementation, but excluding weathering and metamorphic changes. ( 2 chemistry) recrystallization of a solid to form large crystal grains from smaller ones. noun. 1 the sum of the physical, chemical, and biological changes that take place in sediments as they become consolidated into rocks, including compaction and cementation, but excluding weathering and metamorphic changes." ], "url": [ "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/diagenesis", "http://geology.about.com/od/glossaryofgeology/g/Diagenesis-Definition.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/diagenesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis", "http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu/www/tbr/Petrography_Dia.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis", "http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-1-4020-3609-5_66", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/diagenesis" ] }

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[ "45 minutes at 400° or 60 minutes at 350°." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Turn the oven on to 425. 2 Bake for 45 minutes for sweet potatoes/yams that are 2-3 inches in diameter. 3 For sweet potatoes that are up to 4 inches in diameter, bake for an hour. 4 For super large sweet potatoes, bake for an hour and 15 minutes. 5 After the time has elapsed, don't open the oven but turn it off. 1 For sweet potatoes that are up to 4 inches in diameter, bake for an hour. 2 For super large sweet potatoes, bake for an hour and 15 minutes. 3 After the time has elapsed, don't open the oven but turn it off. 4 Let the sweet potatoes sit in the oven for at least 30 minutes but up to an hour.", "Oven-Baked Potatoes. See what to do: How To Bake a Potato in the Oven. Preheat the oven to 425°F. Rub the potatoes with olive oil, sprinkle them with salt and pepper, and prick them with the tines of a fork. Wrap each potato in foil and lay it in the bottom of your slow cooker. Place the lid over top and set your slow cooker to LOW for eight to 10 hours. → Bottom line: Potatoes that bake while you're at work. 3. Slow-Cooker Potatoes. See what to do: How To Bake a Potato in the Slow Cooker. Rub the potatoes with olive oil, sprinkle them with salt and pepper, and prick them with the tines of a fork. Wrap each potato in foil and lay it in the bottom of your slow cooker.", "1 For example, if one large potato takes 10 minutes to cook, two large potatoes would take between 16-17 minutes. 2 If you prefer crispy skinned potatoes, you can cook the potatoes in the microwave for 5-6 minutes, then transfer to a baking sheet and bake in an oven preheated to 400 °F (204 °C) for 20 minutes. 1", "How Long To Microwave Baked Potatoes. To make a microwave baked potato, cook it on high heat for 2-4 minutes per side. The time will vary, depending on the power of your microwave and the size of the potato. Be sure to poke your potatoes with a fork to vent them before putting them in the microwave. When it comes to baked potatoes, the cooking times vary dramatically, depending on which method you’re using. Here are answers to frequently asked questions about cooking times for baked potatoes. How Long To Bake A Potato. Bake a potato for 45 minutes, in the oven at 400°.", "1 Don't preheat the oven. 2 Prick your sweet potatoes each 2-3 time with a fork, then place them directly on the oven rack in the middle of the oven, above the foil. 3 Turn the oven on to 425. 4 Bake for 45 minutes for sweet potatoes/yams that are 2-3 inches in diameter. 1 For sweet potatoes that are up to 4 inches in diameter, bake for an hour. 2 For super large sweet potatoes, bake for an hour and 15 minutes. 3 After the time has elapsed, don't open the oven but turn it off. 4 Let the sweet potatoes sit in the oven for at least 30 minutes but up to an hour.", "1 Potatoes may also be baked at lower temperatures for longer times. 2 This process tends to give the outside of the spud a crisper skin. 3 350 degrees F (175 C) for approximately 1 and a 1/2 hours or 375 °F (191 °C) for approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes is a good guideline. 4 Cooking times will vary. ", "1 Bake for 45 minutes for sweet potatoes/yams that are 2-3 inches in diameter. 2 For sweet potatoes that are up to 4 inches in diameter, bake for an hour. 3 For super large sweet potatoes, bake for an hour and 15 minutes. 4 After the time has elapsed, don't open the oven but turn it off. 1 For sweet potatoes that are up to 4 inches in diameter, bake for an hour. 2 For super large sweet potatoes, bake for an hour and 15 minutes. 3 After the time has elapsed, don't open the oven but turn it off. 4 Let the sweet potatoes sit in the oven for at least 30 minutes but up to an hour.", "DON’T! You’ll end up with the potato getting steamed in the foil instead of just baked. You may as well just cook it in the microwave. Place the potato directly on the oven rack. Bake for 40 to 60 minutes, depending upon the size of the potato. Potatoes are as hard as a brick when they are raw. By the time it’s cooked you’ll be able to squeeze it. ", "Cooking Temperature For Baked Potatoes. In a conventional oven, bake your potato for 45 minutes at 400° or 60 minutes at 350°. These times and temperatures will vary according to the size of your potatoes. Check to see that your baked potatoes are ready by poking them with a toothpick and testing for tenderness. When it comes to baked potatoes, the cooking times vary dramatically, depending on which method you’re using. Here are answers to frequently asked questions about cooking times for baked potatoes. How Long To Bake A Potato. Bake a potato for 45 minutes, in the oven at 400°." ], "url": [ "http://empoweredsustenance.com/bake-a-sweet-potato/", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-bake-a-potato-three-easy-methods-157073", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Potato-in-the-Microwave", "http://www.grillingbakedpotatoes.com/cooking-times/", "http://empoweredsustenance.com/bake-a-sweet-potato/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-Potatoes", "http://empoweredsustenance.com/bake-a-sweet-potato/", "http://startcooking.com/oven-baked-potatoes", "http://www.grillingbakedpotatoes.com/cooking-times/" ] }

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[ "Bacteria", "Infect bacteria." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Transcript. DR BRENT GILPIN. A bacteriophage, or a phage, is a virus that infects bacteria, so these don't infect human cells –they are very specialised and only infect bacteria. So every bacteria is being attacked by various viruses which are using those as the host that they replicate in.", "In fact, bacterial infections can be treated with bacteriophages: viruses that have the ability to infect and fight harmful bacteria, culminating in their destruction. Bacteriophage or phage therapy is therefore very useful in various fields like medicine, veterinary science, dentistry, and even agriculture.", "bacteriophage. A bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects bacteria. In fact, the word bacteriophage literally means bacteria eater, because bacteriophages destroy their host cells. All bacteriophages are composed of a nucleic acid molecule that is surrounded by a protein structure.", "Bacteriophages are viruses that attach to the surface of bacteria and inject viral DNA into the bacteria. Each infected bacterial cell produces multiple copies of the virus wh … ich eventually burst from the bacterial cell, killing the host.", "A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria. Bacteriophages, first discovered around 1915, have played a unique role in viral biology. They are perhaps the best understood viruses, yet at the same time, their structure can be extraordinarily complex.", "Bacteria are MUCH BIGGER than viruses. A virus is a bacteriophage. When the virus infects the bacteria, the virus injects the bacteria with it's DNA code. The virus' DNA code … starts to multiply inside the bacteria, which then bursts, and the infected bacteria cells multiply over and over again." ], "url": [ "http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Enviro-imprints/Sci-Media/Video/What-is-a-bacteriophage", "http://phages.org/", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/bacteriophage-phage-293", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_do_bacteriophages_infect", "http://biology.about.com/od/virology/ss/Bacteriophage.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_bacteriophage_infect" ] }

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[ "145°F - 150ºF" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Roast the tenderloin until the meat thermometer reads 135 degrees Fahrenheit. Remove the pan from the oven and cover with a tent of foil. Let the tenderloin rest for 15 minutes before carving. The internal temperature will rise 5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit as it rests.", "Roasting the Tenderloin. We cooked the beef tenderloin at 350°F for about 60 min. until the temperature at the thickest part of the roast reached 135°F. After removing it from the oven and covering with tinfoil, we let it rest for approximately 15 minutes.", "Allow the beef to roast at 450°F for 45 minutes and then begin checking the internal temperature of the meat with a meat thermometer. Continue roasting the meat until the internal temperature has reached 5 or 10 degrees below the desired doneness.", "Put the tenderloins on a rack in a roasting pan, and roast them in a 450°F oven. After about 15 minutes, check the internal temperature with a probe thermometer. For a tenderloin that's medium-rare, look for an internal temperature of 120°F. For medium, the internal temperature should be 125°F.", "Add beef; cook 2 minutes on 1 side until browned. Turn beef over. 3. Transfer skillet to oven; bake at 350° for 20-25 minutes or until internal temperature reaches 125°. Transfer beef to a carving board; tent with foil, and let stand 10 minutes (internal temperature will rise to 130° for medium-rare).", "A beef roast cooked to medium-rare should have an internal temperature of 145°F - 150ºF after the resting period, and a roast cooked to medium should have an internal temperature of 150°F to 160ºF. (See the note below). See Beef Doneness for more information on proper cooking temperatures.", "Remove the shallots from the top surface of the meat. Place pan with tenderloin under the broiler and broil, turning every 30 seconds, until well browned on all sides and an internal temperature registers 125°F for rare or 130°F for medium-rare, about 2 minutes total.", "1 Cook the roast for about 10 to 15 minutes and then turn it over in the pan. 2 Continue to cook it for another 10 to 15 minutes for every pound. 3 Remove the tenderloin from the oven when the internal temperature of the meat reaches 140°F, as indicated on a meat thermometer inserted into the center of the roast." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/how_7784865_cook-beef-tenderloin-medium-rare.html", "http://www.reluctantgourmet.com/beef-tenderloin-temperature/", "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--372/roasting-beef.asp", "http://www.finecooking.com/videos/how-to-roast-beef-tenderloin.aspx", "http://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/roast-beef-tenderloin", "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--372/roasting-beef.asp", "http://www.seriouseats.com/recipes/2014/12/slow-roasted-beef-tenderloin-recipe.html", "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--372/roasting-beef.asp" ] }

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[ "From 30 minutes up to 24 hours" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Post-Event Technique. The post-event massage is typically given anywhere from 30 minutes up to 24 hours after competition or activity. When working with runners after a marathon, I will focus on post-event techniques even up to 48 hours after their race, because of the damage they are doing to their muscles.", "A pre-event massage is a short, specific treatment given immediately before (30 minutes- 24 hours before) a sports event. The goal of massage is to increase your circulation, flexibility and mental clarity to improve your performance. A pre-event sports massage does not replace your warm up, but complements it.", "Moreover, post-event massage should not be started until the athlete's pulse and respiration have normalized. It may be done before or after post-event stretching and it will be beneficial even if it is done two to three hours after the end of competition. The bus ride home can be a great time to do this.", "Pre-Event Timing. A pre-event massage is performed the day of the competition, usually between 30 minutes to 2 hours before competition. Some massage therapists suggest 1-2 hours before, but in general, you want to give the athlete at least 30 minutes from the end of the massage to the start of their", "* pre-event sports massage -- a short, stimulating massage 15 - 45 minutes before the event. It is directed toward the parts of the body that will be involved in the exertion. * post-event sports massage -- given within an hour or two of the event, to normalize the body's tissues.", "The main difference between a pre-event and inter-event massage is duration. While a pre-event massage is given for just 10-20 minutes, an inter-event massage should be even more brief (about 10 minutes). This type of sports massage should focus on just the main muscles stressed during the previous competition." ], "url": [ "http://www.musclewisdom.com/sports-massage/post-event-sports-massage/", "http://www.physioworks.com.au/massage-1/sports-massage", "http://www.momentummedia.com/articles/tc/tc1107/massage.htm", "http://www.musclewisdom.com/sports-massage/pre-event-sports-massage/", "http://spas.about.com/od/sports/a/sports.htm", "http://www.musclewisdom.com/sports-massage/pre-event-sports-massage/" ] }

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[ "powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells.trial natriuretic peptide (ANP), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH), Cardionatrine, Cardiodilatine (CDD) or atriopeptin, is a powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a member of a family of 4 human natriuretic peptides that share a common 17-peptide ring structure. The first was identified in 1983 and named atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). ANP is a 28-amino acid polypeptide resulting from the C-terminal end of the prohormone proANP. Natriuretic peptide receptors and plasma endopeptidases actively clear BNP from the circulation; the plasma half-life is thus short, approximately 20 minutes. No receptor-mediated clearance of NT-proBNP is known to occur, and NT-proBNP has a correspondingly prolonged half-life of 60-1", "Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH), Cardionatrine, Cardiodilatine (CDD) or atriopeptin, is a powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. ", "There are 3 major NPs, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type NP, all of which share a common 17-amino-acid ring structure and have actions that are targeted at protecting the cardiovascular system from the effects of volume overload. ", "Circulating natriuretic peptide hormones act to maintain homeostasis with regard to blood volume, blood pressure, and salt balance. When the myo-endocardial cells of the atrium sense an increase in blood volume or pressure, they release A-or B-type atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs). ", "Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are released from the heart in response to pressure and volume overload. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal-proBNP have become important diagnostic tools for assessing patients who present acutely with dyspnea. ", "1 A-type natriuretic peptide is secreted largely by the atrial myocardium in response to dilatation. 2 B-type natriuretic peptide is manufactured mainly by the ventricular myocardium. 3 C-type natriuretic peptide is produced by endothelial cells that line the blood vessels. Natriuretic peptide: One of the peptides that causes natriuresis, the excretion of an excessively large amount of sodium in the urine. The natriuretic peptides are produced by the heart and vasculature: 1 A-type natriuretic peptide is secreted largely by the atrial myocardium in response to dilatation", "The B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Test is a blood test for heart failure. It measures the level of B-type natriuretic peptide in your blood. Your heart 's ventricles produce extra B-type natriuretic peptide when they can't pump enough blood to meet your body's needs. So if your B-type natriuretic peptide level is high, you probably have" ], "url": [ "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/761722-overview", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide", "http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/567064_2", "http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/cell-biology/cell-biology-products.html?TablePage=14573396", "http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/567064_1", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20994", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/circulatory/natriuretic-peptide2.htm" ] }

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[ "It is defined as the internal human organs, particularly the intestines." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In anatomy, a viscus /ˈvɪskəs/ is an internal organ, and viscera is the plural form. Organs are composed of main tissue, parenchyma, and sporadic tissues, stroma. A hollow organ is a visceral organ that forms a hollow tube or pouch, such as the stomach or intestine, or that includes a cavity, like the heart or urinary bladder.", "Viscera is defined as the internal human organs, particularly the intestines. An example of a viscera is the large intestine. 1 the internal organs of the body, esp. of the thorax and abdomen, as the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, intestines, etc. 2 pop", "On June 17, 2007, Viscera was sent from the Raw brand to ECW in the supplemental section of WWE's draft. Three weeks later, he debuted on ECW on SyFy, repackaged as Big Daddy V, a hired muscle character in the employ of Matt Striker, arriving just in time to help Striker in his rivalry with The Boogeyman. While working together, Viscera and Stratus appeared in a segment in which he attempted to seduce her, only to be rebuffed. Stratus implied he would first need to take care of Kane. That segment began a gimmick change for Viscera, who transformed into The World's Largest Love Machine.", "Viscera: The internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest (as the heart or lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines). The singular of viscera is viscus meaning in Latin an organ of the body.. ", "The term visceral is contrasted with the term parietal , meaning of or relating to the wall of a body part, organ or cavity. The two terms are often used in describing a membrane or piece of connective tissue, referring to the opposing sides. A hollow organ is a visceral organ that forms a hollow tube or pouch, such as the stomach or intestine, or that includes a cavity, like the heart or urinary bladder.", "Visceral: Referring to the viscera, the internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest (as the heart or lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines). In a figurative sense, something visceral is felt deep down.. It is a gut feeling.. ", "He meant to be a unit who would make a certain amount of difference towards that spreading change which would one day tell appreciably upon the averages, and in the mean time have the pleasure of making an advantageous difference to the viscera of his own patients. Middlemarch by Eliot, George View in context. ", "Internal human organs are also called viscera. Viscera refers to the internal organs in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Cooked offal, which is called viscera when inside the body. The term visceral reaction refers to something that is felt emotionally. View slideshow of images above.", "abdominal viscera, the internal organs enclosed within the abdominal cavity, including the stomach, liver, intestines, spleen, pancreas, and parts of the urinary and reproductive tracts. abdominal enlargement. may result from fluid effusions (transudate, exudate or blood), enlargement of viscera (neoplasia, dilatation, engorgement or physiological phenomena, e.g. pregnancy), intra-abdominal masses or fat. Weakness of the abdominal wall usually results in a pendulous rather than enlarged abdomen.", "The word viscera refers to all internal organs in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. A list of organs would include the heart, kidneys, uterus, and bladder, among others. The term is the plural of viscus, which is a Latin word meaning an organ of the body. Viscera refers to the internal organs in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Cooked offal, which is called viscera when inside the body. The term visceral reaction refers to something that is felt emotionally. View slideshow of images above." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscus", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/viscera", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Frazier,_Jr.", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18276", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscus", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18275", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/viscera", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-viscera.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/abdominal+viscera", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-viscera.htm" ] }

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[ "Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Advertisement. The main function of respiratory system is to allow gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) with different parts of the body. The different organs of the respiratory system are nose, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. These organs carry out the process of respiration. The different organs of the respiratory system such as nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, etc. carry out the process of respiration/breathing. All these organs play an important role in supplying oxygen to the body and allowing its smooth functioning.", "The main organs of the respiratory system are the nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. The respiratory system … does this through breathing. When we breathe, we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood. To ensure that the body receives enough oxygen and to expel waste, carbon dioxide", "Respiratory System. Several organs of the respiratory system are responsible for the process of breathing. The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs work together to allow gas exchange to occur at the cellular level. Functions of Organs in Respiratory System. Respiration begins when oxygen enters into the body through the nose and the mouth. The oxygen then travels through the trachea and pharynx where the trachea divides into two bronchi.", "The primary function of the respiratory system is to allow the lungs to take in atmospheric oxygen through inhalation and dispose of the waste products the body does not need through exhalation. Inhalation is an active motion that causes the diaphragm to contract. Functions of Organs in Respiratory System. Respiration begins when oxygen enters into the body through the nose and the mouth. The oxygen then travels through the trachea and pharynx where the trachea divides into two bronchi.", "The human respiratory system consists of the nasal cavity, throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx), windpipe (trachea), bronchi, and lungs. Air is taken in through the mouth and the nasal cavity. The nasal passages are covered by thick mucous membranes that contain tiny hairlike projections known as cilia. ", "The human respiratory system is a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The primary organs of the respiratory system are lungs, which carry out this exchange of gases as we breathe. Red blood cells collect the oxygen from the lungs and carry it to the parts of the body where it is needed, according to the American Lung Association.", "In humans and other mammals, the anatomical features of the respiratory system include trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and diaphragm. Molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged, by diffusion, between the gaseous external environment and the blood. The respiratory system (called also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism.", "The lungs, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tubes, ribs, diaphrahm, nasal cavity, esophagus, pharnx, aveoli, nose and the mouth. The windpipe and the bronchial tubes are parts of the respiratory system. The air enters and exits through the nose and mouth. The respiratory system … does this through breathing. When we breathe, we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood. To ensure that the body receives enough oxygen and to expel waste, carbon dioxide" ], "url": [ "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/organs-of-the-respiratory-system.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_main_organs_for_the_respiratory_system", "http://www.md-health.com/Function-Of-Organs-In-Respiratory-System.html", "http://www.md-health.com/Function-Of-Organs-In-Respiratory-System.html", "http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/article-207288/respiratory-system", "http://www.livescience.com/22616-respiratory-system.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_system", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_main_organs_for_the_respiratory_system" ] }

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[ "A phenomenon is any event that is observable, however common it might be, even if it requires the use of instrumentation to observe, record, or compile data concerning it." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "This is a list of scientific phenomena and concepts named after people (eponymous phenomena). For other lists of eponyms, see eponym. ", "A phenomenon or phenomena is something (such as an interesting fact or event) that can be observed and studied and that typically is unusual or difficult to understand or … fully explain. 1 person found this useful. Definitive proof is not, and has never been, the aim of science. Science is a careful mapping of nature, and just as a map is not the same thing as the land it maps, but always a simplification, science is never the same thing as the phenomena it describes, but always a simplification.", "For the movie, see Phenomenon (film). A phenomenon (Greek: φαινόμενoν, phainomenon, from the verb φαίνειν, phainein, to show, shine, appear, to be manifest or manifest itself, plural phenomena), is any thing which manifests itself. In contrast to a phenomenon, a noumenon is not directly accessible to observation. Kant was heavily influenced by Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms.", "2. plural phenomena a: an object or aspect known through the senses rather than by thought or intuition b: a temporal or spatiotemporal object of sensory experience as distinguished from a noumenon c: a fact or event of scientific interest susceptible to scientific description and explanation. 3. Tweet. : something (such as an interesting fact or event) that can be observed and studied and that typically is unusual or difficult to understand or explain fully. : someone or something that is very impressive or popular especially because of an unusual ability or quality.", "Phenomena has been in occasional use as a singular for more than 400 years and its plural phenomenas for more than 350. Our evidence shows that it is primarily a speech form used by poets, critics, and professors, among others, but one that sometimes turns up in edited prose. Tweet. : something (such as an interesting fact or event) that can be observed and studied and that typically is unusual or difficult to understand or explain fully. : someone or something that is very impressive or popular especially because of an unusual ability or quality.", "Phenomenon. A phenomenon is an occurrence of something. It is an event such as a movement, an appearance, or an observation of something that occurs. The word is also used to describe something that is unusual.", "The combustion of a match is an observable occurrence, or event, and therefore a phenomenon. In scientific usage, a phenomenon is any event that is observable, however common it might be, even if it requires the use of instrumentation to observe, record, or compile data concerning it. In contrast to a phenomenon, a noumenon is not directly accessible to observation. Kant was heavily influenced by Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms.", "1 noology-The science of intuition and reason as phenomena of the mind. 2 ontology, phenomenology-Ontology is the branch of metaphysics concerned with the nature or essence of being or existence, the opposite of phenomenology, the science of phenomena. 1 second nature-Originally Latin secundum naturam, according to nature, it is from Aristotelian philosophy and contrasts with phenomena that are super naturam (above nature, such as God's grace), extra naturam (outside nature), supra naturam (beyond nature, such as miracles), or contra naturam (against nature).", "Confidence votes 278. Scientific phenomena are things we are generally unable to explain given current scientific knowledge. Princeton University's P.E.A.R. lab or Princeton engineering and anomalies research laboratory, used to examine such anomalies. Definitive proof is not, and has never been, the aim of science. Science is a careful mapping of nature, and just as a map is not the same thing as the land it maps, but always a simplification, science is never the same thing as the phenomena it describes, but always a simplification.", "Phenomena are often, but not always, understood as things that appear or experiences for a sentient being, or in principle may be so. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon. In contrast to a phenomenon, a noumenon is not directly accessible to observation. Kant was heavily influenced by Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_phenomena_named_after_people", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_phenomena_in_science", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenon", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/phenomenon", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/phenomenon", "https://carm.org/dictionary-phenomenon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenon", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/phenomena", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_phenomena_in_science", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenon" ] }

[]

[ "Mollusca, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/ ; plural: phyla) is a taxonomic rank below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division was used instead of phylum, although from 1993 the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepted the designation phylum.", "The best known animal phyla are the Mollusca, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata, the phylum to which humans belong.", "Animal Kingdom. The Animal Kingdom is split into several Phyla. Each Phylum group contains organisms that have things in common. Below is a list of some animal Phyla: Chordate Phylum: All the animals which have a backbone. Includes: Fish, Reptiles, Birds, Amphibians, and Mammals.", "List of animal phyla is a list of the major groups of animals usually classified as a phylum. Modern sources have been used: the list is different from that of Linnaeus or Cuvier. A list of this type may be arranged alphabetically; but equally it might be arranged according to evolutionary relationships. No list will be completely satisfactory. Authorities differ in what they consider a phylum, and in the actual name of the phylum. Despite this, there is agreement on most phyla.", "There are many different types of mountains, e.g. dome mountains, fold mountains, fault-block or block mountains, plateau or erosion mountains and volcanic mountains. Th … ese are their differences: Dome mountains, as the name suggests, has a dome-shaped or rounded summit, e.g. the Black Hills of South Dakota.", "Different types of soil include sandy, silty, clay, and alkaline. Root vegetables, such as carrots, beets, potatoes, and radishes grow well in sand. Silty, loamy soils are … ideal for growing most vegetables and flowers. The plants get nutrition from the rich soil.", "Answer by DarcyMarie. Confidence votes 376. The best known animal phyla are the Mollusca, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata, the phylum to which humans belong. Although there are approximately 35 phyla, these nine include over 96% of animal species." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylum", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_different_types_of_phylum%27s", "http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/classification_group_expla.htm", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_animal_phyla", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_different_types_of_phylum%27s", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_different_types_of_phylum%27s", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_different_types_of_phylum%27s" ] }

[]

[ "Landon Jacobs" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The indie-pop group just released a debut album full of incredibly personal moments.. Modern rock bands often cite other, often canonical rock acts as their fundamental inspirations, but talking to Landon Jacobs, lead singer of the group Sir Sly, you hear a different story. “I’m a huge Drake fan,” Jacobs says.", "Sir Sly is a Los Angeles indie pop trio (lead singer Landon Jacobs, drummer Hayden Coplen, and keyboardist Jason Suwito), but those labels (“indie pop” and “trio”) don’t tell you much about their sound. First of all, current indie pop usually means cute melodies and a carefree bounce. That is not what Sir Sly delivers.", "Landon Jacobs, Hayden Coplen, and Jason Suwito often refer to Sir Sly as an elusive, almost unattainable entity they strive to embody.", "XXXX-Now. Sir Sly is not a person but the sum of its parts. Landon Jacobs, Hayden Coplen, and Jason Suwito often refer to Sir Sly as an elusive, almost unattainable entity they strive to embody.", "Image via Facebook. Sir Sly is a Los Angeles indie pop trio (lead singer Landon Jacobs, drummer Hayden Coplen, and keyboardist Jason Suwito), but those labels (“indie pop” and “trio”) don’t tell you much about their sound. First of all, current indie pop usually means cute melodies and a carefree bounce. That is not what Sir Sly delivers.", "Listen to the new song You Haunt Me, premiering exclusively on Billboard.com: According to drummer Hayden Coplen, You Haunt Me is the first song that he, singer Landon Jacobs and keyboardist Jason Suwito wrote when they entered the studio as Sir Sly." ], "url": [ "http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop-shop/6251724/sir-sly-you-haunt-me-drake-interview", "http://pigeonsandplanes.com/2014/09/sir-sly-debut-album/", "http://www.mtv.com/artists/sir-sly/", "http://www.mtv.com/artists/sir-sly/biography/", "http://pigeonsandplanes.com/2014/09/sir-sly-debut-album/", "http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop-shop/6190860/sir-sly-you-haunt-me-stream" ] }

[]

[ "Acupuncture is a form of Chinese medicine that has been practiced for centuries." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Acupuncture is a component of the health care system of China that can be traced back at least 2,500 years. The general theory of acupuncture is based on the premise that there are patterns of energy flow (Qi) through the body that are essential for health.", "In traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture is linked to the belief that disease is caused by disruptions to the flow of energy, or qi, in the body. Acupuncture stimulates points on or under the skin called acupuncture points or acupressure points, releasing this qi.", "Acupuncture is a complementary medical practice that entails stimulating certain points on the body, most often with a needle penetrating the skin, to alleviate pain or to help treat various health conditions.", "Acupuncture is a technique in which practitioners stimulate specific points on the body—most often by inserting thin needles through the skin. It is one of the practices used in. . See the NCCIH Web site for more information on traditional Chinese medicine.", "Acupuncture (from Latin, acus (needle) and punctura (to puncture)) is a form of alternative medicine and a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) involving thin needles inserted into the body at acupuncture points.", "Acupuncture is a form of Chinese medicine that has been practiced for centuries. It's based on the theory that energy, called chi (say chee), flows through and around your body along pathways called meridians. Acupuncturists believe that illness occurs when something blocks or unbalances your chi.", "Acupuncture is a form of Chinese medicine that has been practiced for centuries. It's based on the theory that energy, called chi (say chee), flows through and around your body along pathways called meridians. Acupuncturists believe that illness occurs when something blocks or unbalances your chi.", "Acupuncture involves the insertion of extremely thin needles through your skin at strategic points on your body. A key component of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture is most commonly used to treat pain.", "Acupuncture involves the insertion of very thin needles through the patient's skin at specific points on the body-the needles are inserted to various depths. The medical community is not in conclusive agreement about how acupuncture works scientifically." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/acupuncture/article.htm", "http://www.livescience.com/29494-acupuncture.html", "http://www.livescience.com/29494-acupuncture.html", "https://nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture/introduction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acupuncture", "http://www.webmd.com/fibromyalgia/tc/acupuncture-topic-overview", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/acupuncture-20788", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/PRC-20020778", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/156488.php" ] }

[]

[ "Strong friend" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Personal experiences with the name Melvin: | Edit. My cat's name is George Melvin, but we call him Melvin. Everyone who meets him thinks his name is fabulous, and I think it adds to his personality and makes him stand out as a ca", "Melvin is generally used as a boy's name. It consists of 6 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Mel-vin. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 672 in baby name popularity for boys with 376 occurrences. Less than 5 girls were given the name. View the Melvin Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Melvin has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Melvin to other names.", "What does Melvin mean, popularity, numerology and more. The name Melvin is of Irish origin. The meaning of Melvin is polished chief. It is also of English origin, where its meaning is gentle chieftain. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 672 in baby name popularity for boys with 376 occurrences. Less than 5 girls were given the name. View the Melvin Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Melvin has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Melvin to other names.", "How popular is Melvin? Melvin is a very popular first name for males (#124 out of 1220, Top 10%) and also a very popular surname for both adults and children (#1679 out of 150436, Top 1%). (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is the birth name popularity of Melvin for boys. Melvin reached its apex rank of #50 in the U.S. during the years 1920-1929, and is at #672 currently. (2014 Birth Statistics). Prominent varying forms of Melvin (#672 a year ago) listed in the Top 1000 are Mel, Melville and Melvyn", "Melvin is a form of the name Maoilmhin. Variants of the name Melvin include Melvon, Melvyn. The name Melva is a form of Melvin. Some famous bearers of this name include: Melvin Brooks. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 672 in baby name popularity for boys with 376 occurrences. Less than 5 girls were given the name. View the Melvin Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Melvin has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Melvin to other names.", "Melvin is used chiefly in the English, French, and German languages, and it is derived from Old French and Old English origins. Old English origin, English use: The first name is derived from a Scottish surname of uncertain origin; it could be derived partly from the Old English 'wine'. The given name was first used by English speakers in the late 19th century. In addition, Melvin is a variant of the name Melville (English and Scottish) in the English, French, and German languages. The name Melvina (English) is the female form of Melvin. The name Melvin is widely used; it has 30 variant", "Origin of the name Melvin: Of uncertain etymology, Melvin might be an evolution of the obsolete Old English Maethelwine, Mæthelwine, maeðelwine mæðelwine a compound name composed of the, elements (maethel, mæthel) maeðel mæðel (council, meeting): and, wine friend.. Protector Hence Council protector From A world Of Baby. names by teresa norman My cat's name is George Melvin, but we call him Melvin.", "As a surname, Melvin is a modernized version of the Scottish clan name Melville (surname) . The name Melville was shortened to “Melvin” during the Scottish Reformation period. 1 Allan Melvin (1923–2008), American actor. 2 Bob Melvin (born 1961), Major League baseball player. ", "Meaning of name Melvin. Etymology: From a Scottish surname which probably originated as a variant of MELVILLE. Saint : Origin: English. ", "Irish Meaning: The name Melvin is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Melvin is: Chief. American Meaning: The name Melvin is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Melvin is: Chief. Celtic Meaning: The name Melvin is a Celtic baby name. In Celtic the meaning of the name Melvin is: Leader. English Meaning: The name Melvin is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Melvin is: Strong friend." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/melvin", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Melvin.html", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Melvin.html", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Melvin", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Melvin.html", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Melvin", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/melvin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin", "http://www.first-names-meanings.com/names/name-MELVIN.html", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/melvin" ] }

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[ "The highest average temperature is 75.6 degrees. The coldest average temperature is 69.7 degrees." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Pacific Ocean at both cities reaches its highest temperature in September and October. By March, Hilo's water has dropped to its coldest of the year, at 71 °F (21.7 °C), on average. The water during winter at Honolulu's beaches typically maintains a steady 76 °F (24 °C) from January through to April.", "12.6. The highest average temperature in Hilo is July at 75.6 degrees. The coldest average temperature in Hilo is February at 69.7 degrees. The most monthly precipitation in Hilo occurs in February with 17.5 inches. The Hilo weather information is based on the average of the previous 3-7 years of data.", "This report describes the typical weather at the Hilo International Airport (Hilo, Hawaii, United States) weather station over the course of an average year. It is based on the historical records from 1974 to 2012. Earlier records are either unavailable or unreliable.", "Average Temperatures for Hilo. Hilo's coldest month is February when the average temperature overnight is 63.5°F. In September, the warmest month, the average day time temperature rises to 83.4°F.", "The monthly average temperature (left) and amount of sunshine (per daylight hour, right) for Hilo, Hawaii. In the green contour you can see the average value for the United states, whereas the solid green/red/blue lines show the values for Hilo.", "1 According to the Holdridge life zones system of bioclimatic classification Hilo, (Big Island), Hawaii is situated in or near the subtropical dry forest biome. 2 The annual average temperature is 23.3 degrees Celsius (73.9 degrees Fahrenheit). 3 See the temperatures page for a monthly breakdown and the fixed scale graph." ], "url": [ "http://www.currentresults.com/Oceans/Temperature/hawaii-average-water-temperature.php", "http://www.areavibes.com/hilo-hi/weather/", "https://weatherspark.com/averages/33129/Hilo-Hawaii-United-States", "http://www.rssweather.com/climate/Hawaii/Hilo/", "http://www.lovebigisland.com/hilo/average-yearly-weather/", "http://www.hilo.climatemps.com/" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Raw honey is honey (nectar from flowers) that is pure, unheated, unpasteurized and unprocessed. This is perhaps one of the most important characteristics and health benefits of the final product, as it preserves all the natural vitamins, enzymes, phytonutrients and other nutritional elements. And it goes without saying that any honey labelled as pasteurized is not raw. Additionally, terms like natural or pure normally have little significance when it comes to knowing if it is actually raw honey. Some beekeepers may not necessarily pasteurize their honey, but they may still heat it to some degree.", "There is probably nobody who hasn’t heard, or been told that honey is good for you. For some, you may know specifically why honey is so medicinal and healthy, while others just “know” it’s good for you. This article outlines the very long list of benefits to be derived from honey. Raw vs. Pasteurized. Raw honey has been used with great success, in the treatment of weak heartbeat and the overcoming of fatigue. In India, it is common knowledge that raw honey will strengthen a weak heart, weak brain and a weak stomach. * Raw honey has many essential enzymes necessary for proper digestion and elimination.", "Yes, it's safe as long as the honey is pasteurized. The risk with eating honey is really a theoretical risk for exposure to botulism, a form of food poisoning caused by the Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Honey poses a risk to infants under 1 year old because it may contain spores of bacteria that cause botulism. Botulism bacteria thrive in areas with low acidity. In infants, these spores can survive and cause disease because the acidity of a baby’s digestive tract is not high enough to destroy the spores.", "Pasteurization. Honey is sold either raw or pasteurized. It is pasteurized both to prevent unwanted honey crystal formation and to destroy harmful microorganisms. During pasteurization, the heat causes a type of browning referred to as the Maillard reaction. ", "* Raw honey helps lower triglycerides, while pasteurized honey will increase them. * For a glowing and youthful complexion, mix a TBSP of raw honey with 1-2 TBSP of sweet almond oil, extra virgin olive oil, or jojoba oil, and apply to entire face and neck area after cleansing. Raw honey has been used with great success, in the treatment of weak heartbeat and the overcoming of fatigue. In India, it is common knowledge that raw honey will strengthen a weak heart, weak brain and a weak stomach. * Raw honey has many essential enzymes necessary for proper digestion and elimination.", "Pasteurizing honey is a very different thing than pasteurizing milk or other dairy products, and it’s done for very different reasons. Because of its low moisture content and high acidity, bacteria and other harmful organisms cannot live or reproduce in honey, so pasteurization is not done for that purpose. Another side benefit of pasteurizing honey is that it will slow down the granulation process. Pasteurized honey will last longer in its liquid state than unpasteurized honey, which makes for a more appealing-looking product for both retailers and consumers.", "Pasteurized “honey” should not be called honey. It is a shame that this product can be sold in grocery stores, with the label honey, as in fact it isn’t honey anymore. The taste and all health benefits of REAL honey are wasted in the pasteurization process. I mentioned floral sources, mixing, and filtering. But one important issue I forgot is pasteurization. Unless it’s specifically marked “raw,” much of the honey on grocery store shelves is actually pasteurized. Pasteurization is a process that destroys microorganisms with heat. Different combinations of temperature and time can be used to pasteurize, depending on the substance. Most sources I found recommended heating the honey to 145° F (63° C) for 30 minutes. Some preferred 150° (65.5° C) for 30 minute", "Pasteurized honey is more prevalent in mainstream grocery stores, because by heating the honey to a very high temperature and killing all of the bacterial enzymes, they’re also insuring that the honey will not crystallize nearly as quickly. Bottom line again: Stay away from honey that isn’t labeled as “raw.” If it’s not raw, it’s pasteurized past the point of being fabulously good for your face and your health. Here’s a buying guide I made (sorry it’s so big), but maybe it’ll help you next time you’re shopping for honey." ], "url": [ "http://www.swansonvitamins.com/blog/guest-authors-on-natural-health/raw-honey-the-complete-story", "http://www.theveggiegoddess.com/tag/raw-honey-vs-pasteurized-honey/", "http://www.babycenter.com/404_is-it-safe-to-eat-honey-during-pregnancy_10305372.bc", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/548275-does-the-pasteurization-of-honey-take-out-the-antioxidants/", "http://www.theveggiegoddess.com/tag/raw-honey-vs-pasteurized-honey/", "http://www.beemaid.com/honey-pasteurization", "http://honeybeesuite.com/honey-pasteurization/", "http://crunchybetty.com/honey-guide" ] }

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[ "John Snow" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Because of his insight, Snow is now regarded by many as the father of the science of epidemiology. We look back at Snow's life, and at the development of epidemiology. Dr. Nigel Paneth, co-author, Cholera, Chloroform, and the Science of Medicine: A Life of John Snow.", "For his persistent efforts to determine how cholera was spread and for the statistical mapping methods he initiated, John Snow is widely considered to be the father of [modern] epidemiology.. PART ONE. Doctor John Snow Blames Water Pollution for Cholera Epidemic.", "John Snow was a brilliant doctor who in addition to being the father of epidemiology, was also a pioneer in using anesthesia for women during childbirth. In 1853, Snow gave Queen Victoria chloroform when she gave birth to her eighth child, Prince Leopold.", "by David Vachon. John Snow, born in 1813, was the son of a coal-yard laborer in York, England. As a boy he proved to be an exceptionally bright, methodical, and eager student, so his mother used a small inheritance to send him to a private school, where he excelled.", "John Snow (1813–1858) is revered as a founding father of two medical disciplines. Anesthesiologists remember him as the physician who first made anesthesia scientific by showing how the human body responded to different doses of anesthetic drugs, and how anesthesia affected the human physiology.", "For his persistent efforts to determine how cholera was spread and for the statistical and mapping methods he initiated, John Snow is widely considered to be the father of epidemiology.", "John Snow © Snow was a British physician who is considered one of the founders of epidemiology for his work identifying the source of a cholera outbreak in 1854." ], "url": [ "http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3935461", "http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/fatherofepidemiology.html", "http://www.studymode.com/essays/John-Snow-The-Father-Of-723734.html", "http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/fatherofepidemiology.html", "http://johnsnow.matrix.msu.edu/aboutjohn.php", "http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/fatherofepidemiology_part2.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/snow_john.shtml" ] }

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[ "Chiropractic care, and epidurals." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Your first step to find treatment for a bulging disc is to try conservative methods of pain relief. Conservative methods of treatment refer to any treatment option that is not surgery. This includes everything from chiropractic care to epidurals to treat the pain caused by a bulging disc.", "A bulging disc is also known as herniation or Hansen type 2 and it consists of a protuberance into the spinal canal. The condition is severe and requires treatment, to prevent other complications and to make sure your dog will recover fully.", "A bulging disc injury is a common spine injury sustained to your spine's intervertebral disc. It can occur in your lumbar spine (lower back), thoracic spine (upper and mid-back) or your cervical spine (neck).", "A bulging disc develops when a vertebral disc bulges into the spinal canal, sometimes compressing a nerve in the process. Often referred to as a herniated disk, bulging disks are technically a different and less severe condition. Disc bulges occur naturally during the aging process.", "The most common type of injection for treating bulging discs is a spinal injection, also known as a nerve block injection or epidural. This type of injection uses steroid-like medication injected directly into the area to reduce inflammation and relieve the pain.", "A disc bulges when the outer layer of a vertebral disc swells outward and places pressure on the surrounding nerves and structures. Although a bulging disc is similar to a herniated disc, it is different in that the inner material has not seeped out through the outer layer of the disc.", "Shares & Saves. Save. A bulging or herniated disk occurs when the outer covering of the cartilage between the spinal vertebrae tears. Consequently, the jelly-like nucleus inside the disk gets pushed to the weaker side and causes the disk to bulge and put pressure on spinal nerves.", "How to successfully heal or treat a bulging disc depends on the nature of your condition, so make sure to get checked and cleared by a professional. Visit http://optimalbodysystem.com/discover... to see a video of a device I recommend for home care use to treat bulging discs." ], "url": [ "https://www.laserspineinstitute.com/back_problems/treatment_articles/bulging_disc/", "http://www.vetinfo.com/bulging-disc-in-dogs.html", "http://www.physioworks.com.au/injuries-conditions-1/bulging_disc", "http://www.wikihow.com/Heal-a-Cervical-Bulging-Disc", "http://www.wikihow.com/Live-With-Bulging-Discs", "http://www.orthopedicandlaserspinesurgery.com/conditions/bulging-disc/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_5661138_treat-bulging-disk-l5.html", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1b1sz3QXeVQ" ] }

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[ "Brain stem" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lower Brain. The basic lower brain consists of the spinal cord, brain stem and diencephalon (the cerebellum and cortex are also present, but will be discussed in later sections). In turn, the brain stem comprises the medulla, pons, midbrain, hypothalamus and thalamus [source: Health Pages ]. 1 It's also the most ancient part of the brain. 2 Pons -- The pons contains nuclei that relay movement and position information from the cerebellum to the cortex. 3 It also contains nuclei that are involved in breathing, taste and sleep, and physically connects medulla to the midbrain.", "Anatomy and physiology of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is a spongy organ made up of nerve and supportive tissues. It is located in the head and is protected by a bony covering called the skull. The base, or lower part, of the brain is connected to the spinal cord. Together, the brain and spinal cord are known as the central nervous system (CNS). The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is divided into 2 parts (halves) called the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The 2 hemispheres are connected by a bridge of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum.", "The lower portion of the Brain Stem is called the Medulla Oblongata. Its job is to control Cardiac and Respiratory Centers and deals with autonomic and involuntary functions s … uch as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. 2 people found this useful. The lower part of the mantle is the mesosphere (I think). It is the lower solid/strong mantle. + 17 others found this useful. Ataa Rahman. Edit. Share to: 1 Understanding the Function and Structure of the Brainstem The brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord.", "©HowStuffWorks.com. The basic lower brain consists of the spinal cord, brain stem and diencephalon (the cerebellum and cortex are also present, but will be discussed in later sections). 1 It's also the most ancient part of the brain. 2 Pons -- The pons contains nuclei that relay movement and position information from the cerebellum to the cortex. 3 It also contains nuclei that are involved in breathing, taste and sleep, and physically connects medulla to the midbrain.", "Brain stem: The brain stem is the lower part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord. It contains bundles of very long nerve fibers that carry signals controlling muscles and sensation or feeling between the cerebrum and the rest the body. ", "The parts of the lower brain are collectively referred to as the brain stem, which is the most primitive part of the brain. The brain stem serves as a “highway” that connects the upper brain and the cerebellum to the spinal cord, and through the spinal cord and peripheral nerves, to the rest of the body. The lower brain is responsible for a variety of functions, most notably processes essential to survival. Significance. Many noteworthy regions within the parts of the lower brain make essential connections with other parts of the brain. For example, the substantia nigra is a nucleus in the midbrain that provides important input to the basal ganglia for the control of voluntary movements.", "The brain can be divided into two major parts: the lower brain stem and the higher forebrain. The brain stem sits above the spinal cord and has many connections between them. The brain stem, the most primitive part of the brain, is made up of the medulla, pons, cerebellum, midbrain, hypothalamus and thalamus. The cerebral cortex, limbic system and basal ganglia make up the forebrain.", "It is the area of the brain where nerve cells make connections, called synapses, that control brain activity. The inner area of the cerebrum contains the insulated (myelinated) bodies of the nerve cells (axons) that relay information between the brain and spinal cord. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is divided into 2 parts (halves) called the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The 2 hemispheres are connected by a bridge of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum.", "Damage to the Lower Brain. If the brain stem is damaged, this compromises the highway between the brain and the body. Damage to the brain stem can inhibit sensory information from reaching the brain, Eric Kandel, James Schwartz and Thomas Jessell write in the book, Principles of Neuroscience.. Significance. Many noteworthy regions within the parts of the lower brain make essential connections with other parts of the brain. For example, the substantia nigra is a nucleus in the midbrain that provides important input to the basal ganglia for the control of voluntary movements." ], "url": [ "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/brain5.htm", "http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/brain-spinal/anatomy-and-physiology/?region=on", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_lower_part_of_the_brainstem_called", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/brain5.htm", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/braincnstumorsinadults/detailedguide/brain-and-spinal-cord-tumors-in-adults-what-are-brain-spinal-tumors", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/166512-main-parts-of-the-lower-brain/", "http://www.healthpages.org/anatomy-function/brain-anatomy/", "http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/brain-spinal/anatomy-and-physiology/?region=on", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/166512-main-parts-of-the-lower-brain/" ] }

[]

[ "22" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Mobile users can't leave their phone alone for six minutes and check it up to 150 times a day. 1 People make, receive or avoid 22 phone calls every day and send or receive messages 23 times a day. 2 Setting the alarm, playing games, changing songs, taking pictures and plugging and unplugging phone all added to phone views. In between, phones are used to check the internet and read emails, as well as to make calls and send texts. Mobile technology consultant Tomi Ahonen analysed a study commissioned by Nokia. In total, users check their smartphones an average of 150 times during a waking day of 16 hours, the research found.", "In an average week, research has discovered that the average user pick ups their phone more than 1,500 times a week. The average owner uses this device for three hours and sixteen minutes each day-or the equivalent of almost one full day a week. Almost four in ten users admitted feeling lost without their gadgets. 'But many people may not realise just how many times a day they check their phone or carry out a simple task on it.’. ‘We’re all guilty of picking up our phones and checking the news or work emails when we first wake up-for many it’s how we set ourselves up for the day.", "Looping back around to that $8-per-iPad figure: If the team produces 1200 iPads during an 8-hour shift, and they get $8 per iPad, then it costs Foxconn $9,600 to staff each production line for a day. Divide that by the employee pay of $15-per-day, and we get 640 — the number of workers on each production line. We’re not done yet! Another report from a Foxconn worker says that iPhone production lines are expected to spew out 3,500 units per day. If the Galaxy S3 is roughly equivalent to the iPhone 4S in terms of manufacturing complexity, then Samsung’s South Korea factory must have 60 production lines to produce 5 million Galaxy S3s per month, for a total of 38,400 workers.", "1 Girls typically send and receive 80 texts a day; boys send and receive 30. 2 86% of girls text message friends several times a day; 64% of boys do the same. 3 59% of girls call friends on their cell phone every day; 42% of boys call friends daily on their cell phone. ", "To increase productivity, turn off notifications for short periods of time during the day. It could be 20 minutes or an hour, but during that time, you'll find you're able to make a serious dent in your to-do list by minimizing distractions. Few professionals can honestly say they work every minute of the workday. Whether it's the 15 minutes they spend drinking coffee while reading online news or the 10 minutes on Facebook after lunch each afternoon, the occasional break is inevitable. Some even say it's a good way to recharge the mind and prevent burnout.", "We have read the ChangeWave surveys and that claim AT&T and Verizon customers drop 4.5 to 1.5 percent of the calls and we all know these are not true. The average mobile phone user pays $59 per month for service and this factors out to approximately .24 cents per phone call for 250 minutes. So if the average person drops 12 percent of their calls per month you are paying $7.08 for calls that should be if your carrier refunded the dropped call. Carriers should be refunding $85 per year to customers on average if dropped calls were refunded as credits. That is roughly 2.4 billion phone calls across the 300 million cell phone user in the U.S. The average mobile phone user in the U.S makes 250 phone calls per month or 3,000 phone calls per year.", "In an average week, the research discovered that users pick up their phone more than 1,500 times to complete various tasks from emails to playing games and posting to social media. And the average smartphone user is on their phone for three hours and sixteen minutes a day. 'But many people may not realise just how many times a day they check their phone or carry out a simple task on it.’. ‘We’re all guilty of picking up our phones and checking the news or work emails when we first wake up-for many it’s how we set ourselves up for the day.", "The average person makes or receives 8 mobile phone calls per day. That is roughly 2.4 billion phone calls across the 300 million cell phone user in the U.S. The average mobile phone user in the U.S makes 250 phone calls per month or 3,000 phone calls per year.", "That article stated that at Foxconn, “many workers earn less than $17 a day” and that workers frequently worked six days a week. Figuring that a month’s wages should equal four weeks of work, the reader suggested that The Times’s math skills were deficient. (Apple’s own code of conduct says that except in emergency or unusual situations, workers at its suppliers may work no more than 60 hours per week.) Ask a Foxconn worker and a typical schedule is 10 working hours a day, plus one weekend day. It is common to violate the legal limit.", "But for a small-business owner, even 30 minutes each day adds up to 2.5 hours a week and 130 hours each year. Here are a few of the top time-wasters and how you can combat them to increase your (or your employees') daily productivity levels. 1. Google. Few professionals can honestly say they work every minute of the workday. Whether it's the 15 minutes they spend drinking coffee while reading online news or the 10 minutes on Facebook after lunch each afternoon, the occasional break is inevitable. Some even say it's a good way to recharge the mind and prevent burnout." ], "url": [ "http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2276752/Mobile-users-leave-phone-minutes-check-150-times-day.html", "http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2783677/How-YOU-look-phone-The-average-user-picks-device-1-500-times-day.html", "http://www.extremetech.com/computing/129561-how-many-people-does-it-take-to-make-9-million-samsung-galaxy-s3-smartphones", "http://www.pewinternet.org/2010/04/20/teens-and-mobile-phones/", "http://www.inc.com/jayson-demers/how-much-time-do-your-employees-waste-at-work-each-day.html", "http://www.deadzones.com/2011/05/how-many-cell-phone-calls-are-made-day.html", "http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2783677/How-YOU-look-phone-The-average-user-picks-device-1-500-times-day.html", "http://www.deadzones.com/2011/05/how-many-cell-phone-calls-are-made-day.html", "http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/24/the-ieconomy-how-much-do-foxconn-workers-make/", "http://www.inc.com/jayson-demers/how-much-time-do-your-employees-waste-at-work-each-day.html" ] }

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[ "The CEO acts as a direct liaison between the Board and management of the Company and communicates to the Board on behalf of management." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The role of the board, chairman and non-executive directors – the UK Corporate Governance Code. This guide is based on UK law as at 1st February 2010, unless otherwise stated. It is part of a series on corporate governance. The UK Corporate Governance Code sets out its own view of the role ...", "In a for-profit corporation, the board of directors is responsible to the stockholders -- a more progressive perspective is that the board is responsible to the stakeholders, that is, to everyone who is interested and/or can be effected by the corporation.", "The Code says the roles of chairman and chief executive should not be held by the same person. “There should be a clear division of responsibilities at the head of the company between the running of the board and the executive responsibility for the running of the company’s business.", "Essentially it is the role of the board of directors to hire the CEO or general manager of the business and assess the overall direction and strategy of the business. The CEO or general manager is responsible for hiring all of the other employees and overseeing the day-to-day operation", "The board of directors, including the general manager or CEO (chief executive officer), has very defined roles and responsibilities within the business organization.", "The responsibilities of an organization's CEO are set by the organization's board of directors or other authority, depending on the organization's legal structure.", "In an organization that has a board of directors, the chief executive officer is (usually) the singular organizational position that is primarily responsible to carry out the strategic plans and policies as established by the board of directors. In this case, the chief executive reports to", "The role of the chairman factsheet. The chairman’s primary role is to ensure that the board iseffective in its tasks of setting and implementing thecompany’s direction and strategy.The chairman is appointed by the board and the positionmay be full-time or part-time.", "Until a Chairman is elected, the president of the company usually acts as de facto Chairman. By-laws are usually written so that the Chairman’s role is automatically filled by a high ranking officer, usually president and/or CEO, until a Chairman is elected and in the event of vacancies.", "The CEO acts as a direct liaison between the Board and management of the Company and communicates to the Board on behalf of management. The CEO also communicates on behalf of the Company to shareholders, employees, Government authorities, other stakeholders and the public." ], "url": [ "http://www.out-law.com/page-8215", "http://managementhelp.org/boards/responsibilities.htm", "http://www.out-law.com/page-8215", "http://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c5-71.html", "http://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c5-71.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_executive_officer", "http://managementhelp.org/chiefexecutives/index.htm", "http://www.iod.com/MainWebSite/Resources/Document/roleofthechairman_1006.pdf", "http://www.directorsforum.com/resources/pdf/role-of-the-chairman-verdonik-happer.pdf", "http://www.sterling-resources.com/docs/RolesAndRespCEO.pdf" ] }

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[ "400 mg per day", "It is usual to take 200 mg three times a day for the first week, then 200 mg twice a day for the second week. It is very important that you take amiodarone exactly as your doctor tells you to." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pharmacy:  Loading dose: Amiodarone 150 mg in 100 ml D5W. Concentration is 1.5 mg/1 ml. (Not compatible with Normal Saline) See below for loading infusion instructions.  Infusion dose: Amiodarone 900 mg in 500 ml D5W. Concentration is 1.8 mg/1ml. (Not compatible with Normal Saline) See below for continuous infusion instructions. 3. Must be administered with an in line filter (0.2 micron) and through a dedicated central line if possible. LOADING: Amiodarone 150 mg infusion over the first 10 minutes. Set the pump to infusion at 600 ml/hour for ten minutes to deliver the 150 mg dose. 6. CONTINUOUS: Follow the above loading infusion with a continuous IV infusion Amiodarone at a rate of 1 mg/minute (33.3 ml/hour) over the next 6 hours. 7.", "Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has labeled amiodarone only for the treatment of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, the drug also is used to treat atrial fibrillation. Because of the complexity and widespread use of this agent, other treatment decisions often are affected. The major metabolite of amiodarone is desethylamiodarone (DEA), which is known to have antiarrhythmic properties. Grapefruit juice can inhibit amiodarone metabolism and lead to elevated drug levels, 3 but the impact of this interaction on the long-term efficacy and toxicity of amiodarone is not known.", "In children, the dose of amiodarone is normally based on the child's body surface area (BSA), and normally ends being no more than 400 mg per day. Amiodarone can be taken with or without food, but you should always take it with a full glass of water. A: Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat abnormal beating of the heart (cardiac arrhythmias). The drug has a wide range of side effects including the corneal deposits and pulmonary scarring you mentioned.", "It is very important that you take amiodarone exactly as your doctor tells you to. You will be started on a high dose, for one week only. Your dose will then be reduced over the following two weeks to a maintenance dose. Amiodarone is likely to cause your skin to become more sensitive to sunlight than normal. 1 It is very important that you take amiodarone exactly as your doctor tells you to. 2 If you are not sure what dose to take, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice. 3 Try to take your doses of amiodarone at the same times each day, as this will help you to remember to take them regularly.", "1 Your dose may then be reduced to 200 mg each day from the third week. 2 It is very important that you take amiodarone exactly as your doctor tells you to. 3 If you are not sure what dose to take, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice. 1 It is very important that you take amiodarone exactly as your doctor tells you to. 2 If you are not sure what dose to take, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice. 3 Try to take your doses of amiodarone at the same times each day, as this will help you to remember to take them regularly.", "It is recommended for the treatment of SVT unresponsive to adenosine and pulseless arrest with ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation unresponsive to defibrillation and epinephrine. Amiodarone may be given rapidly during cardiac arrest, using a dose of 5 mg/kg, up to a maximum of 300 mg. ", "The drug prevents the recurrence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and produces a modest reduction of sudden deaths in high-risk patients. Amiodarone is more effective than sotalol or propafenone in preventing recurrent atrial fibrillation in patients for whom a rhythm-control strategy is chosen. The major metabolite of amiodarone is desethylamiodarone (DEA), which is known to have antiarrhythmic properties. Grapefruit juice can inhibit amiodarone metabolism and lead to elevated drug levels, 3 but the impact of this interaction on the long-term efficacy and toxicity of amiodarone is not known.", "1 Your doctor will tell you what the right dose of amiodarone is for you, and this dose will be printed on the label of the pack of tablets to remind you about what the doctor said to you. 2 It is usual to take 200 mg three times a day for the first week, then 200 mg twice a day for the second week. 1 It is very important that you take amiodarone exactly as your doctor tells you to. 2 If you are not sure what dose to take, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice. 3 Try to take your doses of amiodarone at the same times each day, as this will help you to remember to take them regularly.", "The dose of amiodarone administered is tailored to the individual and the dysrhythmia that is being treated. When administered orally, the bioavailability of amiodarone is quite variable. Absorption ranges from 22 to 95%, with better absorption when it is given with food. The original observation that amiodarone's progenitor molecule, khellin, had cardioactive properties, was made by the Russian physiologist Gleb von Anrep while working in Cairo. Khellin is obtained from a plant extract of Khella or Ammi visnaga, a common plant in north Africa.", "Once the arrhythmia is adequately controlled, the amiodarone dosage will be reduced to 600 mg to 800 mg a day for about one month. It will then be reduced again to the maintenance dose. Most people can be adequately controlled on a maintenance dose of 400 mg. Dosing Guidelines for Amiodarone Tablets. The recommended initial amiodarone dosage for people taking the tablets is usually between 800 mg and 1600 mg a day. This is called the loading dose. The exact loading dose will vary from person to person." ], "url": [ "http://apps.umchealthsystem.com/forphysicians/medicalorders/Amiodarone%20Infusion%20Protocols.pdf", "http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/1201/p2189.html", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/amiodarone", "http://patient.info/medicine/amiodarone-for-irregular-heartbeats-cordarone-x", "http://patient.info/medicine/amiodarone-for-irregular-heartbeats-cordarone-x", "http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/726741_10", "http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/1201/p2189.html", "http://patient.info/medicine/amiodarone-for-irregular-heartbeats-cordarone-x", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiodarone", "http://heart.emedtv.com/amiodarone/amiodarone-dosage.html" ] }

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[ "A series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea party.", "The Coercive Acts, known in America as the Intolerable Acts, were passed by the British Parliament in 1774 as punishment for the destruction wrought during the Boston Tea Party, a violent reaction to the British tea tax of 1773.There was a series of events that led up to this moment." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "A+E Networks. Upset by the Boston Tea Party and other blatant acts of destruction of British property by American colonists, the British Parliament enacts the Coercive Acts, to the outrage of American Patriots, on this day in 1774. The Coercive Acts were a series of four acts established by the British government. ", "Intolerable Acts. name given by American patriots to five laws (including the Quebec Act Quebec Act, 1774,passed by the British Parliament to institute a permanent administration in Canada replacing the temporary government created at the time of the Proclamation of 1763...... Click the link for more information. In the contest between British Parliament and the American colonists before the Revolution, Parliament, when repealing the Townshend Acts, had retained the tea tax, partly as a symbol of its right to tax the colonies, partly to aid the financially.....", "Definition of Intolerable Acts. The Intolerable Acts were five acts passed by Parliament in 1774 aimed at breaking popular resistance in Massachusetts following the Boston Tea Party.", "The Intolerable Acts: Definition. The Coercive Acts, known in America as the Intolerable Acts, were passed by the British Parliament in 1774 as punishment for the destruction wrought during the Boston Tea Party, a violent reaction to the British tea tax of 1773. There was a series of events that led up to this moment. Lesson Summary. The Coercive Acts (known in America as the Intolerable Acts) were passed by the British Parliament in 1774 as punishment for the destruction wrought during the Boston Tea Party, which was a reaction to the British tea tax of 1773.", "Best Answer: The Intolerable Acts, called by the British the Coercive Acts or Punitive Acts, were a series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 in response to the growing unrest in thirteen American colonies, particularly in Boston, Massachusetts after incidents such as the Boston Tea Party. ", "Intolerable Acts. The Intolerable Acts was the Patriot name for a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament, in 1774 relating to Massachusetts after the Boston Tea party. In Great Britain, these laws were referred to as the Coercive Acts. ", "The series of acts British Parliament passed in 1774 in reaction to the Boston Tea Party came to be known in the American colonies as the Intolerable Acts. This U.S. History website offers a brief description of the Intolerable Acts with a link to each specific act. ", "The Intolerable Acts were the American Patriots ' term for a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea party. They were meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in throwing a large tea shipment into Boston harbor. In Great Britain, these laws were referred to as the Coercive Acts. The acts took away Massachusetts' self-government and historic rights, triggering outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies. They were key developments in the outbreak of the American Revolution in 1775" ], "url": [ "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/british-parliament-adopts-the-coercive-acts", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Coercive+Acts", "http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/intolerable-acts-43", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-intolerable-acts-of-1774-definition-summary-significance.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060719055016AAk1ryj", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/intolerable%20acts", "http://www.ushistory.org/us/9g.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intolerable_Acts" ] }

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[ "(x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "(Continued from above) The standard form of a circle is (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2, where (h, k) is the center and r is the radius of a circle. Also, when the center of the circle is (0, 0), and the radius is r, then the equation of a circle is x2 + y2 = r2. E.g. find the center and radius of the circle whose equation is (x - 5)2 + (y - 1)2 = 36. Look a this equation in line with its standard form like: (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2 and you ll we get the result, say-h = 5, k = 1 and r = 36= 6.", "The standard form of the equation of a circle is Standard Form of a Circle (x-h) 2 + (y-k) 2 = r 2 (h,k) = Center and r = Radius We can find the equation of a circle given the center and the radius or given the center and a point on the circle. Let’s look at a couple of examples. ", "The standard form equation of a circle is a way to express the definition of a circle on the coordinate plane. On the coordinate plane, the formula becomes $$(x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 =r^2 $$. On the coordinate plane, the formula becomes $$(x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 =r^2 1 $$. h and k are the x and y coordinates of the center of the circle. $$( 2 x-9)^2 + (y-6)^2 =100 $$ is a circle centered at (9,6) with a radius of 10.", "Example 3: -. Identify the center and radius of the circle (x + 10)2 + (y - 4)2 = 25. Solution: -. Given equation is (x + 10)2 + (y - 4)2 = 25. We know that the standard form of a circle is (x-h) 2 + (y-k) 2 = r 2. Comparing the given equation with the standard form, we get. h = -10, k = 4 and r 2 = 25. Taking square root on both sides of r 2 = 25, we get r = 5. So the center of the circle is (-10, 4) and radius is ", "A circle's equation can have either a general or standard form. In its general form, ax2 + by2 + cx + dy + e = 0, the circle's equation is more suitable for further calculations, while in its standard form, (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2, the equation contains easily identifiable graphing points like its center and radius. ", "The equation of a circle comes in two forms: 1) The standard form: (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2. 2) The general form: x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0, where D, E, F are constants. If the equation of a circle is in the standard form, we can easily identify the center of the circle, (h, k), and the radius, r. Note: The radius, r, is always positive. Example 1: (x-2)2 + (y-3)2 = 4. (a) Find the center and radius of the circle. (b) Graph the circle. Note: A common mistake is to take h= -2 and K= -3", "Circle Worksheets. The standard form equation of a circle is a way to express the definition of a circle on the coordinate plane. On the coordinate plane, the formula becomes $$(x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 =r^2 1 $$. h and k are the x and y coordinates of the center of the circle. $$( 2 x-9)^2 + (y-6)^2 =100 $$ is a circle centered at (9,6) with a radius of 10.", "1 When the center is at origin and radius is r, the equation of the circle in standard form is given by x2 + y2 = r2. 2 When the radius of a circle is 0, the equation of the circle in standard form becomes (x-h) 2 + (y-k) 2 = 0. 3 This can happen only when the circle reduces to a point. We know that the standard form of a circle is (x-h) 2 + (y-k) 2 = r 2. Comparing the given equation with the standard form, we get. h = -10, k = 4 and r 2 = 25. Taking square root on both sides of r 2 = 25, we get r = 5.", "Step 1: Write the equation of the circle in standard form (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2. It can be noticed that the coefficients of x 2 and y 2 in the given equation are equal and with the same sign, it is obvious that this equation is circle. E.g. find the center and radius of the circle whose equation is (x - 5)2 + (y - 1)2 = 36. Look a this equation in line with its standard form like: (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2 and you ll we get the result, say-h = 5, k = 1 and r = 36= 6." ], "url": [ "http://winpossible.com/lessons/Geometry_Equation_of_a_circle_in_standard_form.html", "http://depts.gpc.edu/~mcse/CourseDocs/Math1111Supplements/EER21_Notes.pdf", "http://www.mathwarehouse.com/geometry/circle/equation-of-a-circle.php", "http://www.standard-form.org/standard-form-of-a-circle.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8553188_write-equation-circle-standard-form.html", "http://ww2.valdosta.edu/~alazari/math1111/Circle.html", "http://www.mathwarehouse.com/geometry/circle/equation-of-a-circle.php", "http://www.standard-form.org/standard-form-of-a-circle.html", "http://winpossible.com/lessons/Geometry_Equation_of_a_circle_in_standard_form.html" ] }

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[ "King of Jungle. Lion" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Muslim Meaning: The name Usama is a Muslim baby name. In Muslim the meaning of the name Usama is: King of Jungle. Lion. SoulUrge Number: 5. Expression Number: 1. People with this name have a deep inner desire for travel and adventure, and want to set their own pace in life without being governed by tradition.", "Search comprehensively and find the name meaning of Usama and its name origin or of any other name in our database. Also note the spelling and the pronunciation of the name Usama and check the initials of the name with your last name to discover how it looks and sounds.", "Usama is of Arabic origin. It is used mainly in Arabic and Urdu. It is derived literally from the word usama with the meaning 'lion'. Variations of Usama include Osama (Arabic) and Ousama (Arabic). Usama is not often used as a baby boy name. It is not listed within the top 1000.", "Meaning of Usama. African name. In African, the name Usama means-lion.The name Usama originated as an African name. The name Usama is most often used as a boy name or male name. African Name Meaning-lion. Origin-Africa." ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/usama", "http://www.thenamemeaning.com/usama/", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Usama", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/african-names/usama.asp" ] }

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[ "You should always put gouache on a palette first. Start small with a brush, and test the thickness of the paint. Add water, by the drop, and mix. Test always before using." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Gouache may be painted on colored paper, but works best with light colors or white. Mix the gouache with much water to use thinly for a wash. This is how watercolors are used, but the difference is that gouache is opaque and not transparent like watercolors. Unlike watercolors, gouache comes with a white paint that will need to be mixed to achieve lighter shades. Use gouache as an under-layer for pastels. After sketching a picture lightly with pencil, fill in blocks of gouache for the undertones for chalk or oil pastels.", "Surfaces. Gouache can be used on a variety of surfaces. Because it is water-based, it is a good idea to pick a surface that will accept water. Watercolor paper is an excellent choice, however illustration board or gessoed masonite will also produce excellent results. A variety of brushes can be used with gouache. Using White. One major difference with gouache is the use of white. Most watercolor artists rely on the white of the paper to produce lighter values. With gouache, this is not the case. Artists mix colors much like with acrylics and oils, using white to mix tints. This means that gouache can used on toned paper, unlike watercolor", "Warnings. 1 Don't use the same brushes for water based paints (watercolor, acrylic, gouache) and oil based paints (oil painting, oil pastels, anything with thinner.) Once a brush has been used with oils once, it's an oils brush. 2 Label the handle with tape so you know the difference. 5. Dip your brush into the watercolor liquid on your palette, and lift a small amount of color onto your brush. Next, paint this inside the shape drawn on your paper. If the paint is too thick, and stays in one place, dip your brush into the water again and add a little more water to the paint on the paper.", "Gouache [p] (/ɡuːˈaeʃ/ ; [ɡuːˈæʃ]), ˈɡwaʃ also spelled, guache is a type of paint in the category watermedia consisting of, pigment a binding (agent usually gum), arabic and sometimes added inert, material designed to be used in an opaque. Method it also refers to paintings that use this opaque. method ", "How to Paint With Gouache. Gouache is a type of paint, and its main appeal is that it is water-based. Other than that, it is very similar to acrylics. However, the fact that it's water-based renders it different uses than acrylics. It could also be described as concentrated watercolors, which makes it heavier and more opaque. Regardless of whether you'll be mixing a color, you should always put gouache on a palette first. Start small with a brush, and test the thickness of the paint. Add water, by the drop, and mix. Test always before using.", "Opaque Watercolor. Gouache is a unique painting medium. It is a water-based paint that can be used like watercolor with thin washes, but it is opaque enough to be used like acrylic. These characteristics allow gouache to be used in a variety of different ways on a variety of different surfaces. Gouache can be reactivated when water is added, so each layer reactivates the color underneath a bit. When used as a watercolor, transparent washes can be used. Although, even coverage of pigment is a bit harder to achieve with gouache. I suspect this is due to the larger particles of pigment in gouache.", "I first used gouache because I am lazy! When painting with watercolor, it is usual to save the white of the paper by coating the desired white areas with a resist material. Then, when the painting of the other areas is near complete, the resist is rubbed off leaving white of the paper to show through. Also, the word is used to describe any painting produced with gouache. The term gouache can be used interchangeably with body color, although the latter is made in a slightly different way. The paint is rendered heavy and opaque by the addition of a white pigment (chalk, Chinese white, etc.) in a gum Arabic mixture.", "Gouache is a unique painting medium. It is a water-based paint that can be used like watercolor with thin washes, but it is opaque enough to be used like acrylic. Gouache can be reactivated when water is added, so each layer reactivates the color underneath a bit. When used as a watercolor, transparent washes can be used. Although, even coverage of pigment is a bit harder to achieve with gouache. I suspect this is due to the larger particles of pigment in gouache." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/how_2052749_paint-gouache.html", "http://thevirtualinstructor.com/paint-with-gouache-tree.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Approach-Watercolor-Painting-As-a-Beginner", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gouache", "http://www.wikihow.com/Paint-With-Gouache", "http://thevirtualinstructor.com/paint-with-gouache.html", "http://www.peterworsley.com/About_Me/Gouache.html", "http://thevirtualinstructor.com/paint-with-gouache.html" ] }

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[ "the process which produces red blood cells." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow (the spongy tissue inside the bone). In order to make red blood cells, the body maintains an adequate supply of erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that is produced by the kidney.", "This short life span necessitates the process erythropoiesis, which is the formation of red blood cells. All blood cells are formed in the bone marrow. This is the erythrocyte factory, which is soft, highly cellar tissue that fills the internal cavities of bones.", "Erythropoiesis. The process through which new red blood cells are created; it begins in the bone marrow. Mentioned in: Porphyrias. the formation of red blood cells (erythrocytes) from stem cell", "Definition of ERYTHROPOIESIS. : the production of red blood cells (as from the bone marrow). — eryth·ro·poi·et·ic \\-ˈe-tik\\ adjective.", "Erythropoiesis: The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth.", "Answer Erythropoiesis is the process by which red blood cells (erythrocytes) are produced. In human adults, this usually occurs within the bone marrow. In huma … ns with certain diseases and in some animals, erythropoeiesis also occurs outside the bone marrow, within the spleen or liver.", "Erythropoiesis (from Greek 'erythro' meaning red and 'poiesis' meaning to make) is the process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes). It is stimulated by decreased O 2 in circulation, which is detected by the kidneys, which then secrete the hormone erythropoietin.", "Haematopoiesis. Erythropoiesis (from Greek 'erythro' meaning red and 'poiesis' meaning to make) is the process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes). It is stimulated by decreased O 2 in circulation, which is detected by the kidneys, which then secrete the hormone erythropoietin.", "Medical Definition of ERYTHROPOIESIS. : the production of red blood cells (as from the bone marrow)—called also erythrocytopoiesis, erythrogenesis. — eryth·ro·poi·et·ic \\-ˈet-ik\\ adjective." ], "url": [ "http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Anemia/hic_erythropoietin-stimulating_agents", "http://www.interactive-biology.com/3969/erythropoiesis-formation-of-red-blood-cells/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/erythropoiesis", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/erythropoiesis", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/erythropoiesis.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_erythropoiesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoiesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoiesis", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/erythropoiesis" ] }

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[ "6.5-7 million ha" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Tigris river is 1 850 km long, with 400 km in Turkey, 32 km on the border between Turkey and the Syrian Arab Republic and 1 418 km in Iraq. Of the Tigris Basin 12 percent lies in Turkey, 0.2 percent in the Syrian Arab Republic, 54 percent in Iraq and 34 percent in the Islamic Republic of Iran.", "Table 2 shows the large dams in the Euphrates Tigris River Basin, i.e. dams with a height of more than 15 metres or with a height of 5 15 metres and a reservoir capacity larger than 3 million m 3 according to the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD).", "76 CHAPTER 1 - EUPHRATES RIVER BASIN BIBLIOGRAPHY Bibliography ACSAD and UNEP-ROWA (Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands; United Nations Environment Programme-Regional Office for West Asia). 2001. surface Water Resources in the Euphrates and Tigris River Basin. Unpublished work.", "The total area equipped for irrigation in the Euphrates Tigris River Basin is estimated to be around 6.5 7 million ha, of which Iraq accounts for approximately 53 percent, the Islamic Republic of Iran for 18 percent, Turkey for 15 percent and the Syrian Arab Republic for 14 percent.", "Most of the Euphrates Tigris River Basin has a sub-tropical Mediterranean climate with wet winters and dry summers. In the mountainous headwater areas freezing temperatures prevail in winter and much of the precipitation falls in the form of snow.", "The Tigris River is the second largest river in Western Asia. Its basin is shared by four countries: Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. Besides contributions from precipitation that originates in the Armenian Highlands, the Tigris is fed by numerous tributaries that rise in the Zagros Mountains in Iran, Iraq", "Apart from historic agreements that jointly address the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers, water resources in the Tigris Basin have not received much attention at the negotiation table. There is no basin-wide agreement in place, and the Tigris River has been the subject of only one bilateral agreement.", "The annual flow of the tributaries of the Tigris from Iran to Iraq is 10 km 3. Turkey finds itself in a strategically strong position as the only country in the Euphrates Tigris River Basin to enjoy abundant surface water and groundwater resources. The Syrian Arab Republic depends heavily on the water of the Euphrates.", "Several ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia were supported by irrigation from the Tigris and Euphrates river basin. Thousands of years ago, water from these two great rivers helped to create the fertile crescent giving rise to the first civilization of the Middle East.", "The Tigris flows to Iraq and joins with the Euphrates in Iraq before reaching the Persian/Arab Gulf to Shatt-al Arab. Until the end of World War I, these rivers were under the control of Ottoman Empire, and little international importance was attached to the river basin." ], "url": [ "http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/basins/euphrates-tigris/index.stm", "http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/basins/euphrates-tigris/index.stm", "http://waterinventory.org/sites/waterinventory.org/files/chapters/Chapter-01-Euphrates-River-Basin-web.pdf", "http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/basins/euphrates-tigris/index.stm", "http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/basins/euphrates-tigris/index.stm", "http://waterinventory.org/surface_water/tigris-river-basin", "http://waterinventory.org/surface_water/tigris-river-basin", "http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/basins/euphrates-tigris/index.stm", "http://www1.american.edu/maksoud/water98/present8.htm", "http://www1.american.edu/maksoud/water98/present8.htm" ] }

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[ "Mexico", "Tabasco is located on the Gulf of Mexico in the southeastern region of the country.", "Gulf of Mexico" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "One of the traditions deeply rooted in the culture of the state of Tabasco is that of having seven meals a day. No wonder, as kitchens are filled with scents, aromas and exquisite textures and colors. ", "The State of Tabasco is located to the southeast of Mexico and occupies a surface of 24,475.24 km2 with a population of approximately 1'891,829 inhabitants. Postcards: 1 Cascadas de Villa Luz: Eager to reach the plain, the state's rivers flow down from the hills in a majestic cascade of white water which has its source in a cave known as the Cueva de las Sardinas Ciegas, Villa Luz is lovely spot with sulfur-rich springs and luxuriant tropical vegetation.", "With its seventeen municipalities and capital city of Villahermosa, the Mexican state of Tabasco is located on the Gulf of Mexico in the southeastern region of the country. Tabasco also borders the states of Campeche, Chiapas, and Veracruz as well the Central American nation of Guatemala. Tabasco is Mexico’s thirteenth state; it was admitted in 1824. Nearly ten thousand square meters in area, Tabasco is renowned for its plentiful rainfall, unlike much of Mexico which is characterized by a dry climate. In fact, flooding is often a problem in this region due to recent excessive rains.", "Such heavy rainfall has benefited the state’s tropical landscape. Tabasco is noted for its lush rainforests as well as its many lakes, rivers, and wetlands. The state boasts more than 120 miles of shoreline along the Gulf of Mexico. Tabasco is Mexico’s thirteenth state; it was admitted in 1824. Nearly ten thousand square meters in area, Tabasco is renowned for its plentiful rainfall, unlike much of Mexico which is characterized by a dry climate. In fact, flooding is often a problem in this region due to recent excessive rains.", "Tabasco (taˈβasko (help·info)), officially Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa. The state is located in the southeast of Mexico, bordering the states of Campeche, Chiapas and Veracruz with the Gulf of Mexico to the north and the country of Guatemala to the south and east. The state covers 24,731km2, which is 1.3% of Mexico’s total.", "Villahermosa Villahermosa, city (1990 pop. 261,321), capital of Tabasco state, SE Mexico, on the Grijalva River. The city, which has good communications facilities, is the commercial and distribution center for the surrounding region. Oil is the economic mainstay...... (taebaes`täbäs) , kō (state 1990. 1,501,744), 9,783 9783 sq (25,338 25338 sq), Km E, mexico on The gulf Of. Campeche Villahermosa, villahermosa (city 1990. 261,321), 261321 capital Of tabasco, STATE Se, mexico on The Grijalva. river", "Although oil was recently discovered in the state, Tabasco is mainly reliant on agricultural commodities such as sugarcane, bananas, oranges, coconuts, and cocoa beans. The state is also commercially dependent on fishing; lobster, shrimp, sea bass, and oysters account for a large portion of its fishing industry. Tabasco is Mexico’s thirteenth state; it was admitted in 1824. Nearly ten thousand square meters in area, Tabasco is renowned for its plentiful rainfall, unlike much of Mexico which is characterized by a dry climate. In fact, flooding is often a problem in this region due to recent excessive rains.", "Facts about Tabasco. Tabasco is Mexico’s thirteenth state; it was admitted in 1824. Nearly ten thousand square meters in area, Tabasco is renowned for its plentiful rainfall, unlike much of Mexico which is characterized by a dry climate. In fact, flooding is often a problem in this region due to recent excessive rains.", "Enjoy Mexico’s eden, book here Tabasco Located in the Gulf of Mexico, the state of Tabasco is famous for its huge Olmec heads, giant sculptures, more than thirty centuries old. You can admire them in the La Venta Park, in Villahermosa, the state capital. When you visit Tabasco, you will live an adventure full of water and archaeology. Walk in the shade of lush trees, have fun in its fast-flowing rivers and taste its delicious cuisine, based on bananas, cocoa and seafood." ], "url": [ "http://www.explorandomexico.com/state/26/Tabasco/culture/", "http://www.tourbymexico.com/tabasco/tabasco.htm", "http://www.gogringo.com/states/tabasco/", "http://www.gogringo.com/states/tabasco/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabasco", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Tabasco+state", "http://www.gogringo.com/states/tabasco/", "http://www.gogringo.com/states/tabasco/", "http://www.visitmexico.com/en/tabasco" ] }

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[ "An interactive seminar conducted via the World Wide Web." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A webinar is a web-based conference that uses Internet technology to connect the individual hosting the webinar to the audience--the viewers or listeners of the webinar. Here are just some of the things you can do with a webinar: Display slides: You can display a slideshow presentation using MS PowerPoint or Apple’s Keynote, just like you would in a regular classroom, meeting room or lecture hall.", "A webinar is an educational, informative or instructional presentation that is made available online, usually as either video or audio with slides. A webinar may take the form of an academic lecture or some other type of presentation, such as a business conference.", "webinar ‎(plural webinars). 1 An interactive seminar conducted via the World Wide Web. 2 Usually a live presentation, lecture or workshop that happens in real time, as users participate through chatting, video-chatting, file-sharing, or asking questions with a microphone. 1", "The term webinar is a portmanteau of web and seminar, meaning a presentation, lecture, or workshop that is transmitted over the web. The coined term has been attacked for improper construction, since inar is not a valid root. Web conferencing may be used as an umbrella term for various types of online collaborative services including web seminars (webinars), webcasts, and peer-level web meetings.", "A webinar is a live meeting that takes place over the web. The meeting can be a presentation, discussion, demonstration, or instructional session. Participants can view documents and applications via their computers, while shared audio allows for presentation and discussion. Minitex webinars are typically limited to small groups and generally range between 30-90 minutes. Our instructors have found that small, focused groups provide a great way for library staff around the region to ask questions and participate in discussion.", "The word webinar was coined several years ago, referring to a seminar presented over the internet (or Web). You may also hear terms such as web seminar, web conference, or internet meeting used in this context. ", "This is an orientation video for first time webinar attendees. It explains what a webinar is, how to register for one, and some reminders to experience a smooth webinar session. This video is brought to you by ProFora Media and Mayer Virtual Consulting. Visit proforamedia.com or mayervirtualconsulting.com for your webinar requirement", "Also written as webinar.. Short for Web-based seminar, it is a presentation, lecture, workshop or seminar that is transmitted over the Web using video conferencing software. A key feature of a Webinar is its interactive elements -- the ability to give, receive and discuss information. Contrast with Webcast, in which the data transmission is one way and does not allow interaction between the presenter and the audience." ], "url": [ "http://webtrends.about.com/od/office20/a/What-Is-A-Webinar.htm", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/webinar", "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/webinar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_conferencing", "https://www.minitex.umn.edu/Training/Webinars.aspx", "http://www.wsuccess.com/company/whatis.html", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWz8ppM9DzM", "http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/W/Webinar.html" ] }

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[ "4 to 6 weeks a request for fast passport renewal by mail takes 2 to 3 weeks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "how long it takes it should take 3 weeks to get the passport use a different service if you need it urgently it can take longer if more information is needed or your application hasn t been filled out correctly don t book travel until you have a valid passport doing so is at your own risk", "you ll get your old passport back here s what you need form ds 82 your renewal fee $ 110 for an adult passport photos and your old passport get more information about renewing a passport through the mail here", "how long it takes it should take 3 weeks to get the passport use a different service if you need the passport urgently it can take longer if more information is needed or your application hasn t been filled out correctly don t book travel until you have a valid passport doing so is at your own risk", "the address you send the package to will depend on how quickly you want the passport renewed routine processing of applications usually takes between 4 to 6 weeks a request for fast passport renewal by mail takes 2 to 3 weeks", "getting your passport renewed fast is essential if your departure date is within 30 days especially if you need to obtain a travel visa you can get expedited service by mail in up to 3 weeks or submit the renewal form at a regional center for faster service", "you can renew or replace your passport at any time it costs £ 72 50 or £ 82 25 through the post office s passport check and send service time left on an existing passport is added to your new one up to a maximum of 9 months", "renewing a passport you have two options here either you have your old passport or you don t if the former s true you can apply through the mail as long as your most recent passport is undamaged was issued when you were at least 16 years old and isn t more than 15 years old", "if you do not meet the criteria you cannot apply to renew your passport by mail you need to submit the application for a new u s passport form ds 11 and supporting documents in person at an application acceptance facility", "renewing your passport is a quick and streamlined way to get a new passport you can renew your passport if you are an australian citizen aged 18 years or over and you if you cannot present your passport at the time of renewal for example if your passport has been lost or stolen you are not eligible to renew it" ], "url": [ "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-child-passport/renewing-your-childs-passport", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/advice/2013/04/04/passport-101-how-to-apply-renew-or-replace/2051177/", "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport", "http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/us-passport-renewals.html", "http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/us-passport-renewals.html", "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/advice/2013/04/04/passport-101-how-to-apply-renew-or-replace/2051177/", "http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/us-passport-renewals.html", "https://www.passports.gov.au/Web/Renewal/index.aspx" ] }

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[ "Admitting privilege is the right of a doctor, by virtue of membership as a hospital's medical staff, to admit patients to a particular hospital or medical center for providing specific diagnostic or therapeutic services to such patient in that hospital." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Different categories of privileges exist. These include: 1 Admitting privileges-allow a doctor to admit a patient to the hospital. 2 Courtesy privileges-allow a doctor to occasionally admit or to visit and treat patients in the hospital. 3 Surgical privileges-to perform surgery in the hospital's operating room or outpatient surgery area", "1 Admitting privileges-allow a doctor to admit a patient to the hospital. 2 Courtesy privileges-allow a doctor to occasionally admit or to visit and treat patients in the hospital. 3 Surgical privileges-to perform surgery in the hospital's operating room or outpatient surgery area. These include: 1 ", "All MD’s, DO’s and allied health PCP’s must be able to admit patients. If you do not have hospital privileges or if you have courtesy, consulting, or ambulatory privileges that do not allow you to admit, a signed admitting arrangement is required. Please provide the following information. Note: For providers practicing as a PCP in the Albuquerque area, only admitting privileges or arrangements with Lovelace Hospitals or University of New Mexico Hospital will be accepted. Outside the Albuquerque area, all primary admitting hospitals will be accepted.", "You may want to chose which is best suited for you: Courtesy Privileges: Courtesy hospital privileges limit the physician to admitting only a nominal number of patients to the hospital. It still satisfies most medical insurance companies requirement for physicians to hold hospital privileges. ", "Each hospital maintains a list of health care providers who have admitting privileges in that hospital. Admitting privileges granted to a non physician is limited to treatment of patient independently, and admission of such a patient to hospital requires a physician’s order.", "admitting privilege. Managed care The right, by virtue of membership on a hospital's medical staff, to admit private Pts in a particular medical center or hospital, and to render specific diagnostic or therapeutic services in that hospital. See Staff privileges", "Admitting privilege is the right of a doctor, by virtue of membership as a hospital's medical staff, to admit patients to a particular hospital or medical center for providing specific diagnostic or therapeutic services to such patient in that hospital. Admitting privileges granted to a non physician is limited to treatment of patient independently, and admission of such a patient to hospital requires a physician’s order.", "The right, by virtue of membership on a hospital’s medical staff, to admit private patients in a particular medical centre or hospital, and to render specific diagnostic or therapeutic services in that hospital. Managed care The right, by virtue of membership on a hospital's medical staff, to admit private Pts in a particular medical center or hospital, and to render specific diagnostic or therapeutic services in that hospital. See Staff privileges" ], "url": [ "http://medical-malpractice.lawyers.com/the-doctor-is-in-how-doctors-work-with-hospitals.html", "http://medical-malpractice.lawyers.com/the-doctor-is-in-how-doctors-work-with-hospitals.html", "https://www.bcbsnm.com/pdf/forms/admitting_privileges_form.pdf", "http://www.careermedicine.com/2007/10/starting-a-medical-practice-getting-hospital-privileges/", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/a/admitting-privileges-health-care/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/admitting+privilege", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/a/admitting-privileges-health-care/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/admitting+privilege" ] }

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[ "Its Symptoms are: sudden pain in the shoulder sometimes accompanied by a tearing feeling. This can be severe and may transmit down into the arm." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Too much stress -- or too many fastballs -- can cause partial tears and swelling in the tendons of the rotator cuff. Abrupt stress may even cause one of the tendons to pull away from the bone or tear in the middle of the tendon. To diagnose a rotator cuff tear, your doctor will give you a thorough physical exam. He or she will want you to move your arm in different directions to see what causes pain. In addition, your doctor might want to order the following tests: 1 X-ray of the shoulder with some special views.", "Symptoms. Symptoms of a torn rotator cuff will usually consist of sudden pain in the shoulder sometimes accompanied by a tearing feeling. This can be severe and may transmit down into the arm. Because the shoulder joint has a large range of motion it is common that a rotator cuff muscle or tendon can tear through over stretching or rapid twisting of the joint. We explain the symptoms, treatment and rehabilitation to help cure your injury and prevent it recurring.", "Shoulder dislocation may also result in a rotator cuff tear. Symptoms of rotator cuff tendonitis or tear include pain in the front and/or down the outside of the shoulder, weakness, and stiffness. Diagnosis of rotator cuff injury is made through careful history and physical exam.", "Symptoms of a chronic rotator cuff tear include a gradual worsening of pain, weakness, and stiffness or loss of motion. The exact point when a rotator cuff tear begins in someone with chronic shoulder tendinitis may or may not be noticed. You may need surgery to repair the tendon if the rotator cuff has had a complete tear, or if the symptoms persist despite conservative therapy. Most of the time, arthroscopic surgery can be used. Some large tears require open surgery to repair the torn tendon.", "Symptoms of rotator cuff tendinitis. In tendinitis (inflammation in the tendon), the pain usually starts gradually, over the side of the shoulder and the upper arm. 1 Your shoulder and arm aren't particularly weak but it hurts to use them. 2 The pain may spread down the outside of the upper arm, even to the elbow. ", "Print. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of your upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. A rotator cuff injury can cause a dull ache in the shoulder, which often worsens when you try to sleep on the involved side. ", "Torn rotator cuff refers to damage to one of the four muscles that allow the arm to rotate at the shoulder. Rotator cuff tears can also affect the tendons that hold these muscles together. Generally, a torn rotator cuff is the result of repetitive use, but it can occur as a single traumatic injury. If you have a torn rotator cuff, you may experience muscle weakness, pain in the arm or shoulder, muscle wasting, or a crackling feeling when you move your shoulder. The pain may get worse with time. There are many treatments for rotator cuff tears, depending on the severity.", "The symptoms of a rotator cuff tear include: 1 Pain in the shoulder and arm, which varies depending on how serious the tear is. 2 Weakness and tenderness in the shoulder. 3 Difficulty moving the shoulder, especially when trying to lift your arm above your head. 4 Snapping or crackling sounds when moving the shoulder. To diagnose a rotator cuff tear, your doctor will give you a thorough physical exam. He or she will want you to move your arm in different directions to see what causes pain. In addition, your doctor might want to order the following tests: 1 X-ray of the shoulder with some special views.", "The most common symptoms of a rotator cuff tear include: 1 Pain at rest and at night, particularly if lying on the affected shoulder. 2 Pain when lifting and lowering your arm or with specific movements. 3 Weakness when lifting or rotating your arm. 4 Crepitus or crackling sensation when moving your shoulder in certain positions. Rotator cuff tears are more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one shoulder, there is a greater risk for a rotator cuff tear in the opposite shoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder. Several factors contribute to degenerative, or chronic, rotator cuff tears." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/guide/rotator-cuff-tear", "http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/sport-injuries/shoulder-pain/rotator-cuff-strain", "https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_rotator-cuff-injuries.asp", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/rotator-cuff-tendinitis/overview.html", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/rotator-cuff-disorders-symptoms", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rotator-cuff-injury/home/ovc-20126921", "http://www.healthgrades.com/conditions/torn-rotator-cuff", "http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/guide/rotator-cuff-tear", "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064" ] }

[]

[ "1 abashedly. 2 abdominally. 3 Aberconwy. 4 aberrantly.5 abhorrently. 6 abidingly. 7 ability. 8 abjectly. 9 abjuratory." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "This seems to be a phrase that rhymes with baby and is based on the spelling of baby and big baby only. 1 Change 4 letters for big baby to become baby. 2 baby is 67% similar to big baby. 3 Last 2 letters by match. 4 Last 3 letters aby match. 5 Last 4 letters baby match. Baby starts with b and ba, ends in y and by. Rhymes with and sounds like 81 words. It's English, is 4 letters long with the letters abby, 3 consonants, 1 vowels and 2 syllables. I've filtered all results to show only verified rhymes by votes and evaluation", "Near End Rhymes – 9820 rhymes. Words that rhyme on the vowel-based rhyme sound of the last syllable only (for instance: “maybe” and “eat”). Near End Rhymes generally (but not always!) suck. Nonetheless, we provide them for you just in case you may find something useful. ", "Near End Rhymes – 3829 rhymes. Words that rhyme on the vowel-based rhyme sound of the last syllable only (for instance: “maybe” and “eat”). Near End Rhymes generally (but not always!) suck. Nonetheless, we provide them for you just in case you may find something useful. dormitories. ", "1 Commonly searched words are shown in bold. 2 Rare words are dimmed.Click on a word above to view its definition. ", "Find below a list of words that rhyme with baby, you can use them for poem writing, song writing, in games... 1 abashedly. 2 abdominally. 3 Aberconwy. 4 aberrantly. 5 abhorrently. 6 abidingly. 7 ability. 8 abjectly. 9 abjuratory. Words that rhyme with: Enter a word or the end of a word such as out, ike, ove... The rhyme engine will find words that rhyme with it for you.", "Songs and Rhymes. Singing songs and rhymes with your baby is really good for them, as the rhythms and repetitive language make it easier for babies to learn language skills. Your baby will love hearing the same rhymes over and over again and will soon learn to join in with the actions. Singing and reciting with your child is also a great way of bonding with them. Here are the words and actions to some popular songs and nursery rhymes, with some mp3s to listen and sing along to as well. ", "Here's a large list of voted rhymes for babies. Babies starts with b and ba, ends in s and es. Rhymes with and sounds like 0 words. It's English, is 6 letters long with the letters abbeis, 3 consonants, 3 vowels and 2 syllables. I've filtered all results to show only verified rhymes by votes and evaluation. ~ You Go Rhymes! ~. Rhyming isn't always perfect or end rhyming. It's finding words, their meanings, and portraying an intended message. There are many rhyme types and schemes found throughout You Go Rhymes with example rhymes and poems. Use syllable, consonant and vowel filters to help find the perfect word. The rhyme schemes and rhyme types on You Go Rhymes! are ..", "This seems to be a phrase that rhymes with baby and is based on the spelling of baby and bush baby only. 1 Change 5 letters for bush baby to become baby. 2 baby is 62% similar to bush baby. 3 Last 2 letters by match. 4 Last 3 letters aby match. 5 Last 4 letters baby match. Baby starts with b and ba, ends in y and by. Rhymes with and sounds like 81 words. It's English, is 4 letters long with the letters abby, 3 consonants, 1 vowels and 2 syllables. I've filtered all results to show only verified rhymes by votes and evaluation" ], "url": [ "http://www.yougorhymes.com/rhyme/baby", "http://wikirhymer.com/words/babies", "http://wikirhymer.com/words/baby", "http://rhymezone.com/r/rhyme.cgi?&typeofrhyme=perfect&Word=baby", "http://words-that-rhyme.com/words-that-rhyme-with-baby.html", "http://wordsforlife.org.uk/songs", "http://www.yougorhymes.com/rhyme/babies", "http://www.yougorhymes.com/rhyme/baby" ] }

[]

[ "$5,200" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "PACs are limited to donating $5,000 to a single candidate and $15,000 to a political party per election. Individuals can give a maximum of $5,000 to a PAC per year. TV, radio and print campaign ads from PACs must include a disclaimer that clearly states who paid for the ad [source: FEC ]. When considering donations, it's important to make the distinction between individuals, Political Action Committees (PACs) and 527 groups. PACs are private organizations that donate or spend more than $1,000 for the purpose of influencing an election.", "The contribution limits work a little differently for Presidential campaigns. In the case of a Presidential candidate running in various State primaries, you may contribute up to $2,700 for the entire primary campaign period--not $2,700 for each State primary in which the candidate runs. Your contributions may be supplemented with Federal (U.S. Treasury) funds. Contributions made in the name ofanother are prohibited. For example, an individual who has already contributed up to the limit for a candidate's election may not give money to another person to make a contribution to the same candidate.", "$200. The student may donate directly to the candidate's campaign committee (the limit is $2,500 per election). Because he is giving $200 or less, his name is not required to be disclosed in public filings. Small donations can add up, however. $1,000,000+. This company could donate money to a Federal PAC like the National Restaurant Association, but those donations would be limited and would have to be raised from the company's employees. It could give to state-level committees, though rules and limits vary by state.", "While PACs and 527s have a financial impact, the lion's share of campaign funds comes from individual American citizens. For the 2008 general election, the contribution limit is $2,300 from an individual to a single candidate and $28,500 to the national party in one calendar year. When considering donations, it's important to make the distinction between individuals, Political Action Committees (PACs) and 527 groups. PACs are private organizations that donate or spend more than $1,000 for the purpose of influencing an election.", "By Robert Longley. If you decide to contribute to a political candidate, you should know that the Federal Campaign Finance Law places legal limits on how much and what you can give. Representatives of the candidate's campaign committee should be aware of these laws and inform you of them. But, just in case... If you decide to contribute to a political candidate, you should know that the Federal Campaign Finance Law places legal limits on how much and what you can give. Representatives of the candidate's campaign committee should be aware of these laws and inform you of them", "The contribution limit for an individual is $2,500 per election, so the donor could give a total of $5,000 toward the primary and the general. She could give the remaining $2,500 to the candidate's Leadership PAC, which would be used to donate to other Congressional candidates in return for political clout. $1,000,000+. This company could donate money to a Federal PAC like the National Restaurant Association, but those donations would be limited and would have to be raised from the company's employees. It could give to state-level committees, though rules and limits vary by state.", "Answer: An individual can contribute $2,600 at most to a candidate for federal office in a single election cycle. That means you can give $5,200 to a single candidate in an election year: $2,600 during the primary campaign, and $2,600 more during the general election.", "You may also contribute up to $2,700 to the general election campaign of any Presidential candidate who is not a Federally funded Democratic or Republican nominee. Federal funds used in Presidential elections come from the dollars voluntarily checked off by taxpayers on their Federal income tax returns. Contributions made in the name ofanother are prohibited. For example, an individual who has already contributed up to the limit for a candidate's election may not give money to another person to make a contribution to the same candidate." ], "url": [ "http://money.howstuffworks.com/campaign-finance3.htm", "http://www.fec.gov/pages/brochures/citizens.shtml", "http://elections.nytimes.com/2012/guide-to-political-donations", "http://money.howstuffworks.com/campaign-finance3.htm", "http://usgovinfo.about.com/od/thepoliticalsystem/a/contriblaws.htm", "http://elections.nytimes.com/2012/guide-to-political-donations", "http://uspolitics.about.com/od/Money-In-Politics/fl/How-Much-You-Can-Give-to-Political-Candidates-and-Campaigns.htm", "http://www.fec.gov/pages/brochures/citizens.shtml" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If the Form 1099s you receive include your expense reimbursements, you must report the entire amount as income on your tax return, then deduct the amount of the expense reimbursement as your own business expense on your Schedule C.", "Certain business expense reimbursements can qualify as taxable income. Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images. If you travel for business or work at home for a company, your employer may reimburse you for your business expenses. Depending on how you receive reimbursements, you may incur tax liability for the money you receive.", "Employers may choose to deduct as business expenses any reimbursements to employees for business-related expenses; that would not apply to reimbursements for personal, non-business expenses, such as the costs of the employee's personal entertainment while on the road.", "If you can't prove the expense, the reimbursement does count as income. It's not enough to simply estimate an expense. You must have actual proof of the expense in the form of bills, credit card statements, receipts or -- in the case of mileage and similar travel expenses -- an expense log.", "Both employees and independent contractors can deduct business expenses on their tax returns to lower their taxable income. But if you're reimbursed for your business expenses, you can no longer claim the expenses as deductions. Reimbursements are not counted as taxable income unless you cannot prove, in the case of an audit, either the reimbursement or the expense for which you were reimbursed.", "General rule-IRS Treas. Reg. 1.62-2(c): expense reimbursements, both for business and personal expenses, are taxable as part of gross income for employees. Exception: if reimbursements are made pursuant to an accountable plan, the payments are not included in gross income (see IRS Publ.", "If you receive a regular allowance in this manner, you must report your expense allowance as income. However, the IRS does allow you to take tax deductions for certain business-related expenses, such as a home office, lodging, transportation, meal and entertainment costs." ], "url": [ "http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/question-should-i-report-expense-reimbursements-28121.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/reimbursement-expense-income-30578.html", "http://www.twc.state.tx.us/news/efte/expense_reimbursements.html", "http://finance.zacks.com/business-expense-reimbursement-count-income-6938.html", "http://finance.zacks.com/business-expense-reimbursement-count-income-6938.html", "http://www.twc.state.tx.us/news/efte/expense_reimbursements.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/reimbursement-expense-income-30578.html" ] }

[]

[ "The Fifteenth Amendment does not confer the right of suffrage upon any one.", "The National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) with their eyes on a federal constitutional amendment that would grant women the right to vote." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Fifteenth Amendment does not confer the right of suffrage upon any one. It prevents the States, or the United States, however, from giving preference, in this particular, to one citizen of the United States over another on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.", "The amendment was the culmination of the women's suffrage movement in the United States, which fought at both state and national levels to achieve the vote. It effectively overruled Minor v. Happersett, in which a unanimous Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give women the right to vote. Forty-one years later, in 1919, Congress approved the amendment and submitted it to the states for ratification. It was ratified by the requisite number of states a year later, with Tennessee 's ratification being the final vote needed to add the amendment to the Constitution.", "The Nineteenth Amendment (Amendment XIX) to the United States Constitution prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920. Forty-one years later, in 1919, Congress approved the amendment and submitted it to the states for ratification. It was ratified by the requisite number of states a year later, with Tennessee 's ratification being the final vote needed to add the amendment to the Constitution.", "19th Amendment. From Grolier's Encyclopedia Americana. The 19th Amendment (1920) to the Constitution of the United States provides men and women with equal voting rights. The amendment states that the right of citizens to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.. ", "Introduction. Ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted American women the right to vote—a right known as woman suffrage. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. In 1869, Stanton and Anthony formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) with their eyes on a federal constitutional amendment that would grant women", "The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.. 1 The House of Representatives passed the 15th Amendment on February 25, 1869, by a vote of 144 to 44. 2 The Senate passed the 15th Amendment on February 26, 1869, by a vote of 39 to 13. 3 The text of the 15th Amendment can be found in the United States Statutes at Large, volume 16, page 346 (15 Stat. 4 346).", "Stanton and some other suffrage leaders objected to the proposed 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which would give black men the right to vote, but failed to extend the same privilege to American women of any skin color. In 1869, Stanton and Anthony formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) with their eyes on a federal constitutional amendment that would grant women the right to vote.", "The Fifteenth Amendment (Amendment XV) to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude.. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution", "http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/suffrage/history2.htm", "http://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/19th-amendment", "https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/15thamendment.html", "http://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/19th-amendment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" ] }

[]

[ "$500 to $1,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The cost of a ventless gas fireplace is $500 to $2,500, and while there are additional installation costs, you may pay extra for finish work (such as a mantle, marble surround, etc.). 2 Some top-of-the-line gas fireplaces may cost as much as $5,000 to $10,000 or more. 3 A gas log kit might cost $750 to $1,000 installed. 1 Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000. 2 Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation.", "1 Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation. 2 The cost of a ventless gas fireplace is $500 to $2,500, and while there are additional installation costs, you may pay extra for finish work (such as a mantle, marble surround, etc.). 1 Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000. 2 Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation.", "1 Options include fans to move the heat, remote controls, wall switches and wall-mounted thermostats. 2 Inserts cost $1,200-$2,900, with professional installation adding another $600-$1,000. 3 A direct-vent gas fireplace doesn't need a chimney and is a way to add a fireplace where there isn't one. 1 They cost about $400-$1,500 plus installation of the gas lines and any desired mantle or surround. 2 Some states do not allow the use of ventless fireplaces or restrict their use. 3 Some ventless models require you to keep a window open while using the fireplace.", "1 Vented gas logs (need a working chimney) run about $300-$550, and ventless/unvented gas logs (without a working chimney or pipes) are $350-$600, with installation estimated at $200-$350 for a basic project, according to Hearth.com. 1 They cost about $400-$1,500 plus installation of the gas lines and any desired mantle or surround. 2 Some states do not allow the use of ventless fireplaces or restrict their use. 3 Some ventless models require you to keep a window open while using the fireplace.", "NEXT STEP. Find out how much your project will cost. Provide a few details about your project and receive competitive quotes from local pros. The national average cost to install a fireplace or wood stove is $2,374, and many homeowners have reported costs from $1,981 to $2,767.", "The actual cost to install a gas fireplace may vary depending on your location, the product selected, complexity of the installation process, additional accessories purchased, and other options. 1 Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000. 1 Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000. 2 Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation.", "1 Inserts cost $1,200-$2,900, with professional installation adding another $600-$1,000. 2 A direct-vent gas fireplace doesn't need a chimney and is a way to add a fireplace where there isn't one. 3 Installation is through an outside wall, and a pipe-within-a-pipe feature lets air in and exhaust out with just one vent. 1 They cost about $400-$1,500 plus installation of the gas lines and any desired mantle or surround. 2 Some states do not allow the use of ventless fireplaces or restrict their use. 3 Some ventless models require you to keep a window open while using the fireplace.", "1 Ventless (also called vent-free or unvented) gas fireplaces don't need a chimney or vent, and are either zero clearance (right against a wall) or close clearance (a few inches away). 2 They cost about $400-$1,500 plus installation of the gas lines and any desired mantle or surround. 1 They cost about $400-$1,500 plus installation of the gas lines and any desired mantle or surround. 2 Some states do not allow the use of ventless fireplaces or restrict their use. 3 Some ventless models require you to keep a window open while using the fireplace." ], "url": [ "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/heating-and-cooling/install-a-fireplace-or-woodstove/", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html" ] }

[]

[ "To treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The name of your medicine is Cefalexin Sandoz. It contains the active ingredient cephalexin monohydrate. Cefalexin Sandoz is an antibiotic used to treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria. Cefalexin Sandoz belongs to a group of antibiotics called cephalosporins. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing your infection. Cefalexin Sandoz can be used to treat infections of the: 1 respiratory tract (throat, tonsils, chest and lungs). 2 nose (sinusitis). 3 ears (otitis media). 4 skin and soft tissue. 5 kidneys and bladder (genitourinary tract).", "The name of your medicine is Cefalexin Sandoz. It contains the active ingredient cephalexin monohydrate. Cefalexin Sandoz is an antibiotic used to treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria. Cefalexin Sandoz belongs to a group of antibiotics called cephalosporins. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing your infection. Cefalexin Sandoz can be used to treat infections of the: 1 respiratory tract (throat, tonsils, chest and lungs). 2 nose (sinusitis). 3 ears (otitis media). 4 skin and soft tissue. 5 kidneys and bladder (genitourinary tract).", "Cefalexin Sandoz granules for oral suspension 125 mg/5 ml For a child weighing about 10 kg, give prepared suspension 2.5 to 5 ml four times a day or 5 to 10 ml twice a day. For a child weighing about 20 kg, give prepared suspension 5 to 10 ml four times a day or 10 to 20 ml twice a day. Cefalexin Sandoz granules for oral suspension 250 mg/5 ml For a child weighing about 10 kg, give prepared suspension 1.25 to 2.5 ml four times a day or 2.5 to 5 ml twice a day. For a child weighing about 2", "What Cefalexin Sandoz is used for. The name of your medicine is Cefalexin Sandoz. It contains the active ingredient cephalexin monohydrate. Cefalexin Sandoz is an antibiotic used to treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria. Cefalexin Sandoz belongs to a group of antibiotics called cephalosporins. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing your infection.", "You may need to read it again. What Cefalexin Sandoz is used for The name of your medicine is Cefalexin Sandoz. It contains the active ingredient cephalexin monohydrate. breathing; skin rash, itching or Cefalexin Sandoz hives.is an antibiotic used to treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria. ", "Cefalexin, also spelled cephalexin, is an antibiotic that can treat a number of bacterial infections. It kills gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria by disrupting the growth of the bacterial cell wall. Cefalexin is a beta-lactam antibiotic within the class of first-generation cephalosporins. A course of cefalexin capsules, commonly prescribed for infections. Cefalexin can treat a number of bacterial infections including: otitis media, streptococcal pharyngitis, bone and joint infections, pneumonia, cellulitis, and urinary tract infections. It may be used to prevent bacterial endocarditis.", "What Cefalexin Sandoz is used for. The name of your medicine is Cefalexin Sandoz. It contains the active ingredient cephalexin monohydrate. Cefalexin Sandoz is an antibiotic used to treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria. Cefalexin Sandoz belongs to a group of antibiotics called cephalosporins. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing your infection", "Cefalexin Sandoz granules for oral suspension 125 mg/5 ml Suspension, oral, granules for, orange to yellow coloured. Reconstituted suspension contains in 5 ml, Cefalexin Monohydrate Ph Eur equivalent to cefalexin 125 mg. 250 mg/5 ml Suspension, oral, granules for, orange to yellow coloured. Cefalexin Sandoz granules for oral suspension 250 mg/5 ml For a child weighing about 10 kg, give prepared suspension 1.25 to 2.5 ml four times a day or 2.5 to 5 ml twice a day. For a child weighing about 20 kg, give prepared suspension 2.5 to 5 ml four times a day or 5 to 10", "Cefalexin Sandoz is an antibiotic used to treat infections in different parts of the body caused by bacteria. Cefalexin Sandoz belongs to a group of antibiotics called cephalosporins. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing your infection. See Prescriptions for more details. General Information. CEFALEXIN SANDOZ. Cephalexin Monohydrate. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------. Consumer Medicine Information. What is in this leaflet. This leaflet answers some common questions about Cefalexin Sandoz." ], "url": [ "http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/cefalexin-sandoz", "http://www.nps.org.au/medicines/infections-and-infestations/antibiotics/for-individuals/types-of-antibiotics/cephalosporin-antibiotics/cephalexin/cefalexin-sandoz-capsules", "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/c/cefalexinsandozcapsusp.pdf", "http://www.chemistwarehouse.com.au/Buy/61991/Cefalexin-Sandoz-500mg-Capsule-20", "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/consumers/cmi/c/cefalexinsandoz.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefalexin", "http://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Cefalexin-Sandoz.aspx", "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/c/cefalexinsandozcapsusp.pdf", "http://www.epharmacy.com.au/product.asp?id=61991" ] }

[]

[ "Cardiac cells contain myofibrils, T-tubules, and SR.ike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is striated, contains the same basic contractile proteins forming thick and thin filaments, organized in sarcomeres, and has the same sliding filament mechanism, where skeletal not." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is involuntary striated muscle that is found in the walls and histological foundation of the heart, specifically the myocardium. Cardiac muscle is one of three major types of muscle, the others being skeletal and smooth muscle. These three types of muscle all form in the process of myogenesis. The cells that constitute cardiac muscle, called cardiomyocytes or myocardiocytes, contain only three nuclei.", "Excitation-Contraction coupling & contraction in smooth muscle. Excitation-Contraction Coupling: Some of the most important differences between skeletal muscle and smooth muscle occur in excitation-contraction coupling. One element that is the same between the two forms of muscle is that calcium plays a starring role. Unfortunately, that is about the extent of the similarities. ", "1. Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is striated, contains the same basic contractile proteins forming thick and thin filaments, organized in sarcomeres, and has the same sliding filament mechanism 2. Cardiac cells contain myofibrils, T-tubules, and SR.", "There is also the presence of developmental myoblasts, and these coalesce to form the important muscle fibres of the skeletal muscle. These muscle fibres contain actin and myosin. Cardiac muscles are found in the myocardium of the heart, and they can also be known as myocytes. 5.Unlike the skeletal muscles, there are gap junctions in the cardiac muscles, and their contractions function independently from each other. 6.There are only one or two nuclei in the cardiac muscle cells, while the skeletal muscle cells are multi-nucleated.", "Skeletal muscles are striated and are the muscles that are in voluntary control. These include biceps(arm), pectoralis major(chest) and other muscles that you can move. These muscles are striated and has many nuclei. Smooth muscles are not striated and are the muscles that are not in voluntary control. These include organs and blood vessels, excluding heart. These muscles are unstriated with one nucleus. Smooth muscles has only one nucleus.", "2.The skeletal muscles are attached to the bone, and the cardiac muscle is found in the heart. 3.Skeletal muscle cells are cylindrical in shape, whereas the cardiac muscle cells are semi-spindle in shape. 4.The skeletal muscle cells are longer than the cells of the cardiac muscle. 5.Unlike the skeletal muscles, there are gap junctions in the cardiac muscles, and their contractions function independently from each other. 6.There are only one or two nuclei in the cardiac muscle cells, while the skeletal muscle cells are multi-nucleated.", "One of the main differences that can be seen is that cardiac muscles are involuntarily controlled, whereas the somatic nervous system controls the ovement of the skeletal muscles. Cardiac muscles and skeletal muscles are also different in their shape. While the cardiac muscles are semi-spindle, the skeletal muscles are cylindrical in shape. Another difference is that the cardiac muscles are short in comparison to skeletal muscles. The skeletal muscles are attached to the bone through tendons. The skeletal muscles also contain myoblasts, which form the fibers in the muscles. The cardiac muscles are seen in the myocardium of the heart.", "When the skeletal muscles are multi-nucleated, the cardiac muscles have one or two nuclei. In the case of endomysium and mitochondria, it is dense in cardiac muscles when compared to skeletal muscles. Moreover, the mitochondria in cardiac muscles have more blood vessels. The skeletal muscles are attached to the bone through tendons. The skeletal muscles also contain myoblasts, which form the fibers in the muscles. The cardiac muscles are seen in the myocardium of the heart.", "However, their major difference is that the skeletal muscle is controlled by the somatic nervous system, and the cardiac muscles are, by nature, involuntarily controlled. Besides their overall different locations within the body, these two muscles also have many differences in their cellular structures. 5.Unlike the skeletal muscles, there are gap junctions in the cardiac muscles, and their contractions function independently from each other. 6.There are only one or two nuclei in the cardiac muscle cells, while the skeletal muscle cells are multi-nucleated.", "Another difference between the muscle cells, is that there are gap junctions in the cardiac cells, and these cells have independent contractions. The skeletal muscle has a common contraction called a synctium (and no gap junctions). 5.Unlike the skeletal muscles, there are gap junctions in the cardiac muscles, and their contractions function independently from each other. 6.There are only one or two nuclei in the cardiac muscle cells, while the skeletal muscle cells are multi-nucleated." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_muscle", "http://courses.kcumb.edu/physio/smoothmuscle/eccoupling.htm", "https://quizlet.com/16629910/cardiac-muscle-physiology-11812-flash-cards/", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-cardio-muscles-and-skeletal-muscles/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_skeletal_muscle_cardiac_muscle_and_smooth_muscle", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-cardio-muscles-and-skeletal-muscles/", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-cardiac-and-skeletal-muscle/", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-cardiac-and-skeletal-muscle/", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-cardio-muscles-and-skeletal-muscles/", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-cardio-muscles-and-skeletal-muscles/" ] }

[]

[ "Element medical is one of the red blood cells, white blood cells, or blood platelets as contrasted with the fluid portion of the blood." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "morphologic element. Synonyms: anatomic element. The definition information for morphologic element is provided by Stedman's. You can search our medical dictionary here. Stedman's, part of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, provides a comprehensive line of health-science publications for healthcare professionals and medical students", "Element Definition: A chemical element is a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means. Elements are defined by the number of protons they possess. Examples of Elements: copper, cesium, iron, neon. By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. ", "Substance composed of atoms of only one kind that therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements and can lose its chemical properties only by union with another element or by nuclear reaction changing the proton number. A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, i.e., of identical atomic (proton) number, which therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements, and which can lose its chemical properties only by union with some other element or by a", "Medical Definition of FORMED ELEMENT. : one of the red blood cells, white blood cells, or blood platelets as contrasted with the fluid portion of the blood. What made you want to look up formed element? ", "1. A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, i.e., of identical atomic (proton) number, which therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements, and which can lose its chemical properties only by union with some other element or by a nuclear reaction changing the proton number. 2", "Tweet. chemistry: one of the basic substances that are made of atoms of only one kind and that cannot be separated by ordinary chemical means into simpler substances. : a particular part of something (such as a situation or activity). : a part of an electrical device that produces heat. : a constituent part: as a: any of more than 100 fundamental substances that consist of atoms of only one kind and that singly or in combination constitute all matter b: one of the distinct parts (as a lens) of a composite device (as a microscope) c: one of the basic constituent units (as a cell or fiber) of a tissue.", "Fire is an element. Fire is an element. The definition of an element is one of the substances that constitute all physical matter-wind, air, fire or water, or a natural environment. 1 An example of an element is the fire that cooks the food on a gas range stove. 2 An example of an element is a neighborhood; living in your", "1. A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, that is, of identical atomic (proton) number, that therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements and that can lose its chemical properties only by union with some other element or by a nuclear reaction changing the proton number. 2. A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, i.e., of identical atomic (proton) number, which therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements, and which", "1. A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, that is, of identical atomic (proton) number, that therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements and that can lose its chemical properties only by union with some other element or by a nuclear reaction changing the proton number. 2. (See Appendix 6 for a list of the elements, and the symbol, atomic weight, and atomic number of each.) The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of one of its atoms. The mass number of an isotope is determined by the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus.", "A substance composed of atoms of only one kind, i.e., of identical atomic (proton) number, which therefore cannot be decomposed into two or more elements, and which can lose its chemical properties only by union with some other element or by a nuclear reaction changing the proton number. (See Appendix 6 for a list of the elements, and the symbol, atomic weight, and atomic number of each.) The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of one of its atoms. The mass number of an isotope is determined by the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus." ], "url": [ "http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=28403", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryglossary/a/elementdef.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elements", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/formed%20element", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elements", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/element", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/element", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elements", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/element", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/element" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Food allergies account for about 10% of all the allergies seen in cats and dogs. It is the third most common cause after flea bite allergies and atopy (inhalant allergies) Food allergies account for 57% of the causes of itching and scratching in cats. While some proteins might be slightly more antigenic than others, many proteins are similar in form and the incidence of allergic reactions are probably associated with the amount of exposure. Symptoms. The symptoms of food allergies are similar to those of most other allergies seen in cats. The primary symptom is itchy skin. Symptoms may also include hair loss, excessive scratching, and miliary dermatitis. It is difficult to distinguish an animal suffering from food allergies from an animal suffering from atopy or other allergies based on physical sign", "Food Allergies in cats. Food allergies are the third most common type of allergy in cats (behind flea allergy and inhalant allergy). This is caused by an allergic reaction to one or more ingredients in the cat's food. The most common causes of food allergies are fish, beef, chicken, eggs and wheat. Cats become allergic to foods they have eaten for a long period of time (usually two years or more). There is no breed, sex or age predilection. Symptoms of food allergies occur over a period of months. The most common signs of food allergy include: Non seasonal itching, especially on the front half of the body, head, face, ears and neck. Otitis externa-Itching and scratching can lead to inflammation and sometimes infection of the ears.", "Just like humans, cats can sometimes develop sensitivities or allergies to certain foods. When your cat shows symptoms of a dietary allergy or sensitivity, it’s important to know what options are available to help give your cat the healthiest life possible. If your cat is displaying a lot of itchiness, hair loss or sores from scratching, or if your cat’s ears are red and inflamed, these might be symptoms of a food sensitivity or allergy.", "Cat food allergy is common in pets and, most frequently, cats are allergic to foods such as corn, beef or soy. About 10% of allergic cats have a food allergy. ", "Steps. 1. Know the symptoms of food allergy or intolerance to food, which will cause your cats immune system to overreact. There are several symptoms to look out for that may signify that your cat is suffering from an allergic reaction. You may only see one of them, or several may occur. Know the intolerance triggers. The most common food intolerance triggers with cats include beef, chicken, wheat gluten and soya plus additives in their food. You may find that your pet has an intolerance to chicken in his food, but is fine with the beef variety of the same food, or vice versa.", "The symptoms. Common signs of food allergy in cats include severe itching especially around the head, neck and ears, scaling and in severe cases hair loss. Food allergies often develop in cats after eating the same type or brand of food for long periods of time. Cat food allergies are often confused with pet food intolerance, when the food simply doesn’t agree with the pet. Allergies, also referred to as food hypersensitivities, are adverse reactions of the immune system to a certain protein in the pet’s food like beef or dairy.", "Several studies have shown that some ingredients are more likely to cause food allergies than others. In cats, the most common offenders are beef, lamb, seafood, corn, soy, dairy products and wheat gluten. As you may have noticed, the most common offenders are the most common ingredients in both cat and dog foods. While some proteins might be slightly more antigenic than others, many proteins are similar in form and the incidence of allergic reactions are probably associated with the amount of exposure. Symptoms. The symptoms of food allergies are similar to those of most other allergies seen in cats. The primary symptom is itchy skin. Symptoms may also include hair loss, excessive scratching, and miliary dermatitis. It is difficult to distinguish an animal suffering from food allergies from an animal suffering from atopy or other allergies based on physical sign" ], "url": [ "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=1+2141&aid=142", "http://www.cat-world.com.au/food-allergies-in-cats", "http://www.nutro.com/natural-cat-food/cat-resources/raising-a-cat-with-food-allergies-sensitivities.aspx", "http://www.vetinfo.com/cat-food-allergy-symptoms.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Tell-if-Your-Cat-Has-a-Food-Intolerance", "http://pets.petsmart.com/guides/specialty-foods/cat-food-allergies.shtml", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=1+2141&aid=142" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Surprising to many cat parents, both male and female cats can spray. I’ve seen so many cases where cat parents completely overlooked the female cat and were convinced (incorrectly) it was the male doing the spraying. The pheromones in urine spray reveal lots of information about the sprayer. ", "Scent Marking. There are plenty of differences between the anatomy of male and female cats, but the ability to leave scent markings is not one of them. Both kitty girls and guys have glands in their cheeks, paws and near their bladder that produce a liquid containing pungent chemicals. That nasty cat spray smell couldn't be your little girl cat's fault, could it? While male kitties have a bad reputation for spraying urine markings, females do it too. You can reduce the chances by having your pet spayed, but even some fixed females engage in this nefarious behavior.", "No, all cats, male or female, neutered or not, may spray, however, urine marking is most common in un-neutered male cats. It is not usual for female cats to spray, but it can happen if she is in heat and leaving her scent to attract a male cat. What is Feline Spraying. Feline Spraying (also called marking) is a cat depositing a small amount of urine on vertical surfaces, such as furniture, doorways and walls. The spraying cat may be seen to back into the area, the tail may quiver, and with little or no crouching the cat sprays the urine.", "Report Abuse. Yes they can. Both male and female cats are capable of spraying, whether they are neutered/spayed or not. Though the most common trigger for spraying is when cats reach sexual maturity, they will also spray in response to illness or stressful situations. Unspayed cats most often spray as a tool to attract the male to mate whereas spayed cats do it for the reason I mentioned above. All my cats are spayed and I have watched them spray. It looked very different from when a male cat sprays but it is very possible.", "Entire cats: Males tend to roam further afield looking for a mate. They can also be more aggressive over territory and get into more cat fights as a result. While both male and female cats spray, males tend to do so more often than females. Females go into heat from around six months of age and repeatedly come into heat until they are mated. She will do everything in her power to escape and find a mate, calling at all hours of the day and night.", "Male Cats & Spraying. Unfortunately, male cats often get passed over because of concerns about spraying. However, spraying is more myth than fact. More likely than not, your male cat will not spray at al l. The single most effective method of preventing spraying is to have your cat neutered. In fact, spraying is not common in one or two cat households, and is more likely to occur because of overcrowding in situations where there are a greater number of cats. The small amount of cats that do spray usually do so outdoors.", "Both males and females can spray, and both can still spray after sterilization. Female cats in estrus sometimes spray to let males know they are available. Males are ALWAYS available, and both sexes use spraying to stake off their own territory. ", "Urine Spraying Location. In both male and female cats, spray comes out of the urethra in the genital region -- remotely near the rectum but in no way a part of it. The action of urine spraying is technically the same as normal urination, although the intention is not the same", "A: Any mature cat, depending on the circumstances, can spray. Typically, whole (unfixed) male and female cats will spray. Whole males are more likely to spray for territorial reasons and because it lets the receptive queens know they are available for a little hanky panky. When queens spray they are telling potential males in the neighborhood that they are ready for action. CatChannel behavior expert Marilyn Krieger, CCBC, explains the triggers for cat spraying. By Marilyn Krieger, CCBC | Posted: August 1, 2008 11 a.m. EDT. Tweet. Q: I currently have a 15-month-old female brown tabby cat named Callie and am considering adopting another kitten.", "What is it? Spraying, not to be confused with inappropriate urination, is when a cat sprays a small amount of urine on a vertical surface, such as furniture, windows, and walls. While most often attributed to male cats, female cats may also spray; however, most cats will not spray at all. In fact, spraying is not common in one or two cat households, and is more likely to occur because of overcrowding in situations where there are a greater number of cats. The small amount of cats that do spray usually do so outdoors." ], "url": [ "http://www.catbehaviorassociates.com/why-cats-spray/", "http://pets.thenest.com/can-female-cats-spray-10797.html", "http://www.catsofaustralia.com/cat-spraying-urine.htm", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080229162300AAPRSQd", "http://www.cat-world.com.au/Cat-Care-Articles/male-or-female-cat.html", "http://www.orphankittenrescue.com/male-cats-spraying", "http://www.dumpstercats.org/Articles/SprayingBehavior.htm", "http://pets.thenest.com/cats-spray-come-its-rectum-9779.html", "http://www.catchannel.com/experts/marilyn-krieger/do-both-male-and-female-cats-spray.aspx", "http://www.orphankittenrescue.com/male-cats-spraying" ] }

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[ "Esophageal atresia is the abnormal development of the swallowing tube (esophagus) that connects the mouth to the stomach." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Esophageal atresia is the abnormal development of the swallowing tube (esophagus) that connects the mouth to the stomach. This birth defect results in the incomplete connection of the esophagus to the stomach causing an inability to swallow properly and breathing difficulties.", "Causes. Esophageal atresia is a congenital defect, which means it occurs before birth. There are several types. In most cases, the upper esophagus ends and does not connect with the lower esophagus and stomach.", "Esophageal atresia is a congenital defect, which means it occurs before birth. There are several types. In most cases, the upper esophagus ends and does not connect with the lower esophagus and stomach. The top end of the lower esophagus connects to the windpipe.", "Esophageal Atresia. Esophageal atresia is a serious birth defect in which the esophagus, the long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, is segmented and closed off at any point.", "Definition. Esophageal atresia is a serious birth defect in which the esophagus, the long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, is segmented and closed off at any point.", "Esophageal atresia is an abnormality, or birth defect, of the esophagus that occurs early in pregnancy, as the baby is developing. The esophagus forms in the first few months of fetal life as a long, hollow, continuous tube joining the mouth to the stomach.", "Esophageal atresia is a disorder of the digestive system in which the esophagus does not develop properly. The esophagus is the tube that normally carries food from the mouth to the stomach.", "Esophageal atresia (or Oesophageal atresia) is a congenital medical condition (birth defect) which affects the alimentary tract. It causes the esophagus to end in a blind-ended pouch rather than connecting normally to the stomach." ], "url": [ "http://childrens.memorialhermann.org/services/esophageal-atresia/", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000961.htm", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/esophageal-atresia/overview.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Esophageal+atresia", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Esophageal+atresia", "http://pedsurg.ucsf.edu/conditions--procedures/esophageal-atresia.aspx", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000961.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_atresia" ] }

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[ "Chinese", "It is the language of the Cantonese people.Inside mainland China, it is a lingua franca in Guangdong Province and some neighbouring areas, such as the eastern part of Guangxi Province." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Mandarin is the major language of China and has many, many more speakers than Cantonese. If you plan on doing business in China or travelling around the country, this is the language to learn. You might consider learning Cantonese, if you intend to settle in Hong Kong for a prolonged period of time. ", "Cantonese, or Standard Cantonese (廣東話, 广东话; originally known as 廣州話, 广州话), is the dialect of Yue Chinese spoken in the vicinity of Canton (Guangzhou) in southern China. It is the traditional prestige dialect of Yue. Cantonese is the language of the Cantonese people. Inside mainland China, it is a lingua franca in Guangdong Province and some neighbouring areas, such as the eastern part of Guangxi Province. The Cantonese spoken in Hong Kong and Macau is mutually intelligible with the Cantonese spoken in the Chinese city of Canton (Guangzhou), although there exist minor differences in accent and vocabulary. The Cantonese spoken in Hong Kong and Macau is known as Hong Kong Cantonese.", "With China booming and interest in Mandarin Chinese at a very high level, Cantonese (Yue Chinese) has also increased in popularity as it is spoken widely in southern China where some of China's major manufacturing centers are located. It is also spoken by many overseas Chinese of Guangdong, Hong Kong or Macau origin in Singapore, Malaysia, Canada, United States, Australia, Europe and elsewhere. Historically, Cantonese was the most common form of Chinese spoken by overseas Chinese communities in the Western world.", "The Cantonese dialect is a variety of the Chinese language that is associated with a very exciting and distinct culture well-known both within China and around the world. Although Cantonese is frequently referred to as a language, it is technically classified as a dialect. As one of the most significant dialects of the Chinese language, Cantonese is spoken by more than 55 million people in China.", "In many schools in Hong Kong, Macau and Guangdong, Cantonese is the medium of instruction, though the students are taught to read and write standard Chinese, which they read with Cantonese pronunciation. Cantonese is also the main language of business, the media and government in both Hong Kong and Macau. Cantonese has appeared in writing since the 17th century. It is used mainly in personal correspondence, diaries, comics, poetry, advertising, popular newspapers, magazines and to some extent in literature.", "Cantonese (廣東話 / 粵語). Cantonese is spoken by at least 70 million people mainly in the south east of China, particularly in Hong Kong, Macau, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. It is also spoken in Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Philippines and among Overseas Chinese communities in many other countries. Cantonese is also the main language of business, the media and government in both Hong Kong and Macau. Cantonese has appeared in writing since the 17th century. It is used mainly in personal correspondence, diaries, comics, poetry, advertising, popular newspapers, magazines and to some extent in literature.", "Cantonese Language. Standard Cantonese, a variant of Cantonese (Yue) Chinese, is spoken natively in and around the cities of Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Macau in Southern China. It is also spoken by many overseas Chinese of Guangdong, Hong Kong or Macau origin in Singapore, Malaysia, Canada, United States, Australia, Europe and elsewhere. Historically, Cantonese was the most common form of Chinese spoken by overseas Chinese communities in the Western world.", "A collection of useful phrases in Cantonese, a variety of Chinese spoken in Hong Kong, Macau, southern China, and a number of other places, in traditional characters and Yale Romanization. Key to abbreviations: frm = formal, inf = informal. To see these phrases in many other languages click on the English versions. ", "Although Mandarin (or putonghua) is the standard and official language in mainland China, it has only been around for about 700 or 800 years, compared to the 2000-year history of Cantonese. Cantonese, not Mandarin, is the dominant language in overseas Chinese communities. This comes from the fact that, around the world, the largest flow of Chinese immigrants originates from Hong Kong. Cantonese is mainly an oral language.", "History. The Cantonese language is a Sino-Tibetan language. It originated in Canton, though in Cantonese this is translated as Guangzhou, which is an area in Southern China. However, Cantonese can be used to refer to many different things, and is not always used in reference to the area of Canton. The Cantonese language is a very particular language, where the placement of words in a sentence can change the meaning of the sentence to extremes. Therefore, it is very important to become comfortable with Cantonese grammar before speaking to native speakers!" ], "url": [ "http://gohongkong.about.com/od/travelplanner/a/mandarin_or_cantonese.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese", "https://freelanguage.org/cantonese", "https://www.alsintl.com/resources/languages/Cantonese/", "http://www.omniglot.com/chinese/cantonese.htm", "http://www.omniglot.com/chinese/cantonese.htm", "https://freelanguage.org/cantonese", "http://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/cantonese.php", "http://cantonese.ca/intro.php", "http://www.effectivelanguagelearning.com/language-guide/cantonese-chinese-language" ] }

[]

[ "$8,300" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The average cost of center-based daycare in the United States is $11,666 per year ($972 a month), but prices range from $3,582 to $18,773 a year ($300 to $1,564 monthly), according to the National Association of Child Care Resource & Referral Agencies (NACCRRA).", "1 Large cities such as Boston and New York are most expensive, with average daycare costs of a little more than $1,000 a month. 2 Contacting two KinderCares in the San Jose area about infant day care, we received quotes of $300-$330 a week, plus annual fees.", "Child's Age: 2. This cost is for only 3 days a week-Full time is roughly $1000 a month. This is twice as much as any other day care in the area, but when we went to the other ones and went to this one, there is no comparison.", "Daycare costs vary greatly by state. Last year, the average annual cost for a 4-year-old was $4,312 in Mississippi and $12,355 in New York, according to the Child Care Aware report.", "1 Assuming full-time day care for a 2 year old child on weekdays, according to Runzheimer International, the U.S. national average cost for full-time day care is $611 a month. 2 Large cities such as Boston and New York are most expensive, with average daycare costs of a little more than $1,000 a month.", "Map: The average cost for child care by state. Child care is one of the highest budget items for a family and Massachusetts is among the least affordable states with an annual cost of $16,430, according to Child Care Aware of America.", "It costs more to put an infant in day care in Florida than to send a student to the University of Florida — a lot more. Day care for an infant costs an annual average of about $8,300 in Florida, according a report by Child Care Aware of America, a national organization of child care agencies. In my experience here in Gainesville, the estimate actually lowballs those costs. Either way, college is a relative bargain." ], "url": [ "http://www.babycenter.com/0_how-much-youll-spend-on-childcare_1199776.bc", "http://children.costhelper.com/child-day-care.html", "http://children.costhelper.com/child-day-care.html", "http://www.businessinsider.com/daycare-costs-exceed-rent-payments-in-every-state-in-america-2013-11", "http://children.costhelper.com/child-day-care.html", "https://www.bostonglobe.com/2014/07/02/map-the-average-cost-for-child-care-state/LN65rSHXKNjr4eypyxT0WM/story.html", "http://www.gainesville.com/article/20140420/COLUMNISTS/140419633" ] }

[]

[ "$199 to $350." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cost of Labor. Labor costs for a more common car ranges from $90 to $115, and labor costs of a more expensive, rare car ranges from $168 to $215. You can save this repair cost by doing it yourself. The total cost of parts and labor for replacing one caliper on a more common car is around $166 to $291, while the total cost of replacing a caliper on a less common (more expensive) car is around $251 to $510", "The average cost of master cylinder repair is usually between $200 and $300, but it can be more, again, depending on the scope of the fix. If individual wheel cylinders need to be replaced, the cost will go up. The repair price for an entire brake job—rotors, calipers, drums, pads, cylinders—can run you $750 or more. Therefore, it's best to stay on top of brake repair and get the pads replaced when you hear squeaking.", "Parts: $75 - $196. The average cost for a brake caliper replacement-rear is between $209 to $366. Labor costs are estimated between $134 to $170 while parts are priced between $75 to $196. Get a personalized estimate based on your location and specific car. Estimate does not include taxes and fees. ", "1 On average, the national average cost of replacing a front brake caliper ranges from $200 to $400. 2 Parts can range anywhere from $60 to $200 (excluding tax and fees). 3 Vehicles may have 2 or 4 calipers. 4 Cars with rotors on all four tires have 4 brake calipers. ", "Most cars come with disc brakes in the front, and many models also have disc brakes in the rear. A caliper is part of the disc brake system. When you press the brake pedal, the brake fluid flows from the master cylinder to the calipers. If the car has rotors on all four tires, then it will have four calipers. If the car has two rotors and two drums, then it will come with two calipers in front. The calipers can become contaminated, rusty, and start to leak brake fluid.", "A car can have either 2 or 4 calipers. If the car has rotors on all four tires, then it will have four calipers. If the car has two rotors and two drums, then it will come with two calipers in front. The calipers can become contaminated, rusty, and start to leak brake fluid. Brake calipers absorb a lot of heat generated from the braking system", "Parts: $71 - $187. The average cost for a brake caliper replacement-front is between $199 to $350. Labor costs are estimated between $128 to $163 while parts are priced between $71 to $187. Get a personalized estimate based on your location and specific car. Estimate does not include taxes and fees. ", "If the caliper simply went bad and nothing was damaged, then you’re looking at replacement of the caliper alone plus the rest of the brake job (pads and rotors). The average caliper can range anywhere from $60 to $200 depending on make and model. If this happens, you may end up needing to replace the rubber hoses connected directly to the calipers and, depending on how rusted the brake lines themselves are, possibly a couple of brake lines as well. This could run the price of the entire job up anywhere from $50 to $500 depending on how many lines need replaced.", "This Site Might Help You. RE: How much should brake caliper and pad replacement cost on front axle? The repair shop one of my car nut friends uses quoted me $600 for front brake caliper and pad replacement. The left front brake caliper was completely locked up, and it caused the brake pad to grind the brake pad to almost nothing. I have a 102,000 miles on my 98 Corolla LE, and the... show more The repair shop one of my car nut friends uses quoted me $600 for front brake caliper and pad replacement." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/facts_7593223_cost-brake-calipers-replaced.html", "http://www.carsdirect.com/car-repair/average-brake-repair-cost-for-each-brake-problem", "http://repairpal.com/estimator/rear-brake-caliper-replacement-cost", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/brake-caliper-replacement-cost/", "https://www.yourmechanic.com/services/brake-caliper-replacement", "https://www.yourmechanic.com/services/brake-caliper-replacement", "http://repairpal.com/estimator/front-brake-caliper-replacement-cost", "http://blog.iseecars.com/2011/08/16/how-much-does-it-cost-to-replace-brake-calipers/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090325143118AACeLF0" ] }

[]

[ "Sunday night" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "real housewives of new jersey 23 hrs a must see night for any rhonj fan begins tonight 8 7c", "ahead of the premiere of real housewives of new jersey teresa checks in teresa giudice s husband joe sat down with entertainment tonight to open up about how his daughters are coping while the rhonj mom fi", "now the picture gets just a bit clearer for real housewives of new jersey according to a source close to the show both teresa giudice who s still serving out her time in prison and melissa gorga are due back for the newest season of rhonj when it starts taping later this year", "the rhonj teresa checks in special pulled in 1 2 million viewers on sunday night in its first airing bravo normally counts several same day airings to get their own final numbers", "with their spinoff teresa checks in airing this sunday on bravo joe shared how the family is coping while the real housewives of new jersey star serves time and also opened up about how unfair teresa s consequences are", "so it s not surprising that wendy had something to say about bravo s rhonj special teresa checks in while wendy has previously been critical of teresa giudice this time she focused her criticism on joe and melissa gorga questioning why", "following the premiere of real housewives of new jersey teresa checks in teresa giudice s husband joe and her brother joe gorga sat down with andy cohen on watch what happens live", "well then i have news on the latest episode of the twins podcast girls in heels teresa and nicole revealed whether or not they plan to return to real housewives of new jersey and dished on a new reality show in the works they already shot the pilot that will focus solely on their family", "i don t know why he would blame me teresa giudice s husband says joe gorga blames joe giudice for teresa being in jailfollowing the premiere of real housewives of new jersey teresa checks in teresa giudice s husband joe and her brother joe gorga sat down with andy cohen on watch what happens live bravotv com" ], "url": [ "https://www.facebook.com/RHNJ", "https://www.facebook.com/RHNJ", "http://perezhilton.com/tag/rhonj/", "http://www.realitytea.com/category/real-housewives-of-new-jersey/", "http://www.realitytea.com/tag/rhonj/", "http://www.allabouttrh.com/", "https://www.facebook.com/RHNJ", "http://www.realitytea.com/category/real-housewives-of-new-jersey/", "https://www.facebook.com/RHNJ" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Every state requires dental hygienists to be licensed; requirements vary by state. In most states, a degree from an accredited dental hygiene program and passing grades on written and practical examinations are required for licensure. For specific application requirements, contact your state’s medical or health board.", "Learn about the education and training required to become a dental hygienist. Get a quick view of the requirements as well as details about dental hygiene education and job duties to find out if this is the career for you.", "For dental hygienists, certification is another way of referring to dental hygienist licensure. Dental hygienists pursue mandatory certification, or licensing, for each state they wish to practice in.", "When you become a licensed dental hygienist you join the ranks of other licensed health care professionals such as nurses, physical therapists, dentists, physicians and dieticians. Licensure is the strongest form of regulation used today.", "Education. Dental hygienists typically need an associate’s degree in dental hygiene. Bachelor's degrees in dental hygiene are also available, but are less common. A bachelor's or master's degree is usually required for research, teaching, or clinical practice in public or school health programs.", "Education/Training & Admission Requirements. Dental hygienists receive their education through academic programs at community colleges, technical colleges, dental schools or universities. The majority of community college programs take at least two years to complete, with graduates receiving associate degrees.", "Certificates in dental hygiene can prepare you for a job as a licensed dental hygienist. Read on to learn about admissions and course requirements for these two-year certificate programs.", "Dental hygienists remove deposits, such as plaque and tartar, from patients' teeth, take x-rays and apply fluoride treatments. The training required to become a dental hygienist typically includes a certificate or an associate's degree program in dental hygiene. Licensed dental hygienists may also obtain advanced education in order to broaden their careers in the field." ], "url": [ "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Healthcare/Dental-hygienists.htm", "http://study.com/dental_hygienist_education_requirements.html", "http://www.dentalhygienist.org/certification/", "http://www.adha.org/licensure", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Healthcare/Dental-hygienists.htm", "http://www.ada.org/en/education-careers/careers-in-dentistry/dental-team-careers/dental-hygienist/education-training-requirements-dental-hygienist", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_Required_to_Earn_a_Dental_Hygienist_Certificate.html", "http://study.com/dental_hygienist_education_requirements.html" ] }

[]

[ "On averge it cost around $4 to as much as $9 per square foot." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Resurfacing with a pebble or quartz aggregate finish (like PebbleTec or Diamond Brite can cost $3,500-$8,500 for a rough finish or about $5,000-$10,000 for a polished finish, depending on the style and color. 1 Painting the pool surface with epoxy paint to restore its appearance can cost $1,200-$2,500 for do-it-yourself materials, or $3,000-$5,500 to have it professionally painted.", "I resurfaced my 28,000 gallon gunite pool in 2002 with a pebble Tech finish, ceramic tile at the water line and bullnose coping. The project cost me $13,000. However, I am currently waiting for that same company to come out to mu pool and explain why the coping is cracking and falling apart... If cost is an issue, you might want to consider a below ground pool with a liner rather than a gunite pool. Add a spa, decking, and high end equipment and you can easily be up in the $40,000 to $50,000 range, depending on size.", "1 Re-plastering the interior surface of an average residential in-ground pool (10,000-20,000 gallons or 14'x28' to 16'x32' and 3.5'-5' deep) with standard white plaster or marble-dust plaster (marcite) typically costs $2,500-$5,500, depending on the size, depth and shape of the pool, and local rates. 1 Painting the pool surface with epoxy paint to restore its appearance can cost $1,200-$2,500 for do-it-yourself materials, or $3,000-$5,500 to have it professionally painted.", "1 On average, the average pool resurfacing job is going to cost anywhere from $4 to as much as $9 per square foot. 2 The price of resurfacing would also depend on the type of cement, upgraded plaster, stone or pebbles that you will use, as they may be more expensive than the usual plaster. The costs of pool deck resurfacing will depend on the size of the pool deck, the material used, the company you choose, and other factors. 1 On average, the average pool resurfacing job is going to cost anywhere from $4 to as much as $9 per square foot", "Shopping for pool resurfacing: 1 Painting the pool surface with epoxy paint to restore its appearance can cost $1,200-$2,500 for do-it-yourself materials, or $3,000-$5,500 to have it professionally painted. 1 Painting the pool surface with epoxy paint to restore its appearance can cost $1,200-$2,500 for do-it-yourself materials, or $3,000-$5,500 to have it professionally painted.", "Save. The cost of resurfacing a pool varies depending on the type of pool and the size. As a pool ages, it requires significant maintenance that can be costly. Be wary of pools that show concrete buckling or other noticeable visible issued. Normally resurfacing is needed after 15 years. Resurfacing replaces the waterproof membrane that can wear away or break over time. In general, pool resurfacing can run from $8,000 to $15,000, as of 2011.", "1 A complete pool upgrade, including refinishing the interior surface, replacing the waterline tile and decking, and fixing any plumbing or electrical problems can cost $8,000-$22,000 or more, depending on size, local rates and what exactly needs to be done. 1 Painting the pool surface with epoxy paint to restore its appearance can cost $1,200-$2,500 for do-it-yourself materials, or $3,000-$5,500 to have it professionally painted." ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/pool-resurfacing.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_cost_of_resurfacing_a_gunite_pool", "http://home.costhelper.com/pool-resurfacing.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/pool-deck-resurfacing-cost/", "http://home.costhelper.com/pool-resurfacing.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8008364_costs-resurface-pools.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/pool-resurfacing.html" ] }

[]

[ "Sufficient understanding and memory to comprehend in a general way the situation in which one finds oneself and the nature, purpose, and consequence of any act or transaction into which one proposes to enter." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical Definition of MENTAL CAPACITY. 1. : sufficient understanding and memory to comprehend in a general way the situation in which one finds oneself and the nature, purpose, and consequence of any act or transaction into which one proposes to enter. 2. 2 ENTRIES FOUND: 1 mental capacity (noun). 2 mental competence (noun).", "Noun. 1. mental capacity-mental ability; he's got plenty of brains but no common sense. brainpower, learning ability, mentality, wit, brain. intelligence-the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience.", "In the common law tradition, testamentary capacity is the legal term of art used to describe a person's legal and mental ability to make or alter a valid will.", "Mental Capacity Law & Legal Definition. Mental Capacity is the mental ability to understand the nature and effect of one's acts. For example, his acute pain reduced his capacity to understand the hospital's admission form. It is also termed as sane memory." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/mental%20capacity", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/mental+capacity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testamentary_capacity", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/m/mental-capacity/" ] }

[]

[ "Jordan Feldstein" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "He got up to walk away and then Sharon threw a glass of water at him.'. The main event: Sharon Osbourne threw a glass of water at Jonah Hill's brother Jordan Feldstein at Clive Davis' Pre-Grammy gala on Saturday. She means business: The Talk host was not happy that Jordan upset her daughter Kelly Osbourne. ", "As a drug addicted teenager, Osbourne also had a lot of other things on her plate. In 2002, her mother, The Talk host Sharon Osbourne, battled colorectal cancer. I was faced with the choice of a career or spending what could have been the last days of my mother's life with her, Osbourne said. I became my mom's nurse 24/7. I gave her injections and medicines when she had seizures. Kelly Osbourne opens up about her dark drug past — which involved spending time in two mental institutions and seven rehab centers, in the September issue of British Cosmopolitan. My mom even had me put in a padded cell once to scare me, the 28-year-old Fashion Police host said.", "Osbourne said her mother Sharon Osbourne had her put in a padded cell once to scare her out of abusing drugs, though it didn’t work. What changed for me was looking around and seeing that nobody liked me or wanted to work with me, she added. Kelly Osbourne opens up about her dark drug past — which involved spending time in two mental institutions and seven rehab centers, in the September issue of British Cosmopolitan. My mom even had me put in a padded cell once to scare me, the 28-year-old Fashion Police host said.", "'Talk' Star Sharon Osbourne. . The Talk star Sharon Osbourne has just fired a major shot in her war with The View -- saying the women on the ABC chat show can all go f**k themselves ... with one exception. Sharon, along with her Talk mates Julie Chen, Sara Gilbert, Aisha Tyler and Sheryl Underwood, appeared on . Home. . The Talk star Sharon Osbourne has just fired a major shot in her war with The View -- saying the women on the ABC chat show can all go f**k themselves ... with one exception.", "Sources say the fight started when Feldstein made comments about Jack Osbourne and his wife, and escalated when Sharon dumped a plate of food in Jordan’s lap and threw water at his head. ", "Sharon Osbourne is in the business of tough love ... because she's NOT going to reconcile with hubby Ozzy Osbourne until he proves to her he'll be sober for the long haul. Sources connected to the couple tell us ... even though Ozzy says he's been sober for 44 days ... it's not enough for her. She's been living with this most recent bout of drug and alcohol abuse for a year-and-a-half, and Sharon is saying 44 days doesn't make that go away. Ozzy has admitted", "“Sharon dumped some stuff on him (Jordan Feldstein) like a plate of food and some water to wake him up and said, ‘Don’t f**k with my family.’”. Lauper added, Every mom sticks up for her kids and her family.”. Calloway also asked Ozzy and Sharon about the incident on the carpet. Ozzy said, “I haven’t got a clue, ask the woman.” Sharon played coy, saying nothing happened. Ozzy then told AJ they didn’t stay long at the party.", "Sharon and Ozzy Osbourne make for one of the most explosive marriages in showbusiness... So when Sharon revealed she was on the brink of divorcing her wayward rocker last year it was no huge surprise. She’d been devastated by shock texts revealing that after seven years clean of drugs and booze Ozzy had relapsed.", "Sharon Osbourne fears she will die of Alzheimer's disease. Ozzy Osbourne and Sharon Osbourne attend the MTV EMA's 2014 at The Hydro on November 9, 2014 in Glasgow, Scotland. TV personality Sharon Osbourne says she's terrified she will develop Alzheimer's disease as she ages. The reality television star and husband, rocker Ozzy Osbourne, said they underwent genomic testing a few months ago at a university in England." ], "url": [ "http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2546272/Sharon-Osbourne-throws-food-glass-water-Jonah-Hills-Brother-Clive-Davis-pre-Grammy-gala.html", "http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/kelly-osbourne-mom-sharon-osbourne-put-padded-cell-beat-drug-addiction-article-1.1419781", "http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/kelly-osbourne-mom-sharon-osbourne-put-padded-cell-beat-drug-addiction-article-1.1419781", "http://www.tmz.com/2013/11/06/sharon-osbourne-the-view-the-talk-barbara-walters/", "http://www.inquisitr.com/1113135/jordan-feldstein-agent-fights-susan-osborne-at-party-gets-fired-by-sara-bareilles/", "http://www.tmz.com/2013/04/17/sharon-osbourne-ozzy-split-clean-drug-alcohol-sober/", "http://extratv.com/2014/01/27/cyndi-lauper-explains-sharon-osbournes-dustup-at-pre-grammy-party/", "http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/sharon-osbourne-reveals-brink-giving-3585748", "http://www.cbsnews.com/news/sharon-osbourne-fears-she-will-die-of-alzheimers-disease/" ] }

[]

[ "DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Deoxyribonucleic acid (/diˌɒksiˌraɪbɵ.njuːˌkleɪ.ɨk ˈaesɪd/ ; ˈæSɪD) dna is a molecule that carries most of the genetic instructions used in the, development functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many. viruses First isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869 and with its molecular structure first identified by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, DNA is used by researchers as a molecular tool to explore physical laws and theories, such as the ergodic theorem and the theory of elasticity.", "1 Chromosome: a long, thread-like molecule made of the chemical called DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that is held together with special proteins and is visible (with strong microscopes) during cell division... 2 more. 3 Molecule: a chemical structure that has two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond. DNA also includes sugars and phosphate groups that make the phosphate-deoxyribose backbone. If you think of the structure of DNA as a twisted ladder, the rungs of the ladder are made from the nitrogenous bases. These bases pair up to make each step of the ladder.", "DNA Structure. ­DNA is o­ne of the nucleic acids, information-containing molecules in the cell (ribonucleic acid, or RNA, is the other nucleic acid). DNA is found in the nucleus of every human cell. (See the sidebar at the bottom of the page for more about RNA and different types of cells). ", "DNA is a double helix formed by base pairs attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. ", "1 Your genome is made of a chemical called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short. 2 DNA contains four basic building blocks or ‘ bases ’: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). 3 The order, or sequence, of these bases form the instructions in the genome. 4 DNA is a two-stranded molecule. 1 DNA contains four basic building blocks or ‘ bases ’: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). 2 The order, or sequence, of these bases form the instructions in the genome. 3 DNA is a two-stranded molecule.", "DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. ", "DNA structure. DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code. Similar to the way the order of letters in the alphabet can be used to form a word, the order of nitrogen bases in a DNA sequence forms genes, which in the language of the cell, tells cells how to make proteins.", "The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogen-containing nucleobase —either cytosine (C), guanine (G), adenine (A), or thymine (T)—as well as a monosaccharide sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group. First isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869 and with its molecular structure first identified by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, DNA is used by researchers as a molecular tool to explore physical laws and theories, such as the ergodic theorem and the theory of elasticity.", "Confidence votes 24.5K. DNA is a very large molecule, made up of smaller units called nucleotides that are strung together in a row, making a DNA molecule thousands of times longer than it is wide. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar molecule, a phosphate molecule, and a structure called a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous base is the part of the nucleotide that carries genetic information, so the words nucleotide and base are often used interchangeably. The bases found in DNA come in four varieties: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymineoften abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, the letters of the genetic alphabet." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA", "https://askabiologist.asu.edu/dna-shape-and-structure", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/dna1.htm", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/basics/dna", "http://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-dna", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/basics/chromosome", "http://www.livescience.com/37247-dna.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_DNA_made_of" ] }

[]

[ "The political platform of the party emphasizes the importance of the Christian faith and the desire for a small and less powerful federal government." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The 1968 platform of the California American Independent Party was to become the cornerstone of future national and state party expressions on matters of public policy. The 1968 election brought Wallace 7 percent of the California vote, a total of over 482,000 votes. Wallace's popular vote in the nation was 9,906,473. A legal battle for control of the Party ensued, which was finally resolved in favor of the legitimate party leadership on August 29, 2011. On August 3, 1968, the delegates to the state convention of the American Independent Party adopted the party's first platform.", "In 1998 three options were presented to party members: 1 to remain affiliated with the national American Party (AP), 2 to affiliate with the National U.S. Taxpayers Party (later named Constitution Party), or. 3 create a national Independent American Party (IAP). The Independent American Party (IAP) is a paleoconservative political party in the United States.", "Ad. George C. Wallace was nominated as the American Independent Party's presidential candidate with Curtis E LeMay for vice president in 1968. Wallace was the governor of Alabama known for his populist and pro-segregation political stance. The American Independent Party is represented by a blue eagle clutching a banner with the party name in its talons superimposed over a compass rose. The political platform of the party emphasizes the importance of the Christian faith and the desire for a small and less powerful federal government.", "This version of the IAP Platform is pending approval by the Independent American Party and will be in official on Dec. 17th IF there is little to no opposition to it by the IAP National Committee. It has been slightly modified from the previous version, with some small additions and subtractions. Platform of the National Independent American Party. (Adopted by National Committee 3 August 2012; revised 18 January 2003, 2 August 2003, 17 January 2004, 17 July 2004, 16 April 2005 and 8 October 2005, 20 Aug 2011, 17 Nov 2012).", "The American Independent Party is a paleoconservative U.S. political party that was founded in 1967 in California by Elieen and Bill Shearer, in part to support the presidential campaign of George C. Wallace. The American Independent Party is represented by a blue eagle clutching a banner with the party name in its talons superimposed over a compass rose. The political platform of the party emphasizes the importance of the Christian faith and the desire for a small and less powerful federal government.", "As to foreign affairs, the declaration stated that the American Independent Party supports a foreign policy based on America's best interests, not world opinion, and preservation of our national sovereignty.. In 1967, Gov. George C. Wallace of Alabama was on the move to run for President on a new party ticket. Second only to Alabama, California was the most important state in the Union in the eyes of the Wallace campaign. Wallace supporters greeted with enthusiasm the formation of the American Independent Party. A legal battle for control of the Party ensued, which was finally resolved in favor of the legitimate party leadership on August 29, 2011. On August 3, 1968, the delegates to the state convention of the American Independent Party adopted the party's first platform.", "The American Independent Party (AIP) is a far right political party of the United States that was established in 1967 by Bill Shearer and his wife, Eileen Shearer of California. In 1976, the American Independent Party split into the more moderate American Party, which included more northern conservatives and Schmitz supporters, and the American Independent Party, which focused on the Deep South.", "The American Independent Party was able to secure a spot on the 1968 U.S. Presidential ballot in California and elsewhere, partly as a result of an intense voter registration drive. The American Independent Party was founded on the belief that the founding fathers' vision was being ignored. The American Independent Party is represented by a blue eagle clutching a banner with the party name in its talons superimposed over a compass rose. The political platform of the party emphasizes the importance of the Christian faith and the desire for a small and less powerful federal government.", "It is most notable for its nomination of former Governor George Wallace of Alabama, who carried five states in the 1968 presidential election running on a segregationist platform against Richard M. Nixon and Hubert H. Humphrey. The party split in 1976 into the modern American Independent Party and the American Party. From 1992 until 2008 the party was the California affiliate of the national Constitution Party, with its exit from the Constitution Party leading to a leadership dispute during the 2008 election. In 1976, the American Independent Party split into the more moderate American Party, which included more northern conservatives and Schmitz supporters, and the American Independent Party, which focused on the Deep South." ], "url": [ "http://www.aipca.org/history.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_American_Party", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-american-independent-party.htm", "http://www.independentamericanparty.org/about-the-iap/platform/", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-american-independent-party.htm", "http://www.aipca.org/history.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Independent_Party", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-american-independent-party.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Independent_Party" ] }

[]

[ "4 to 6 hours per pound" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A web site I visited says thawing in refrigerator will take 4 to 5 hours per pound for a small ham, and 5 to 7 hours for a large ham. To thaw in cold water, it takes 2 to 3 hours for a small ham and 30 minutes per pound for a large ham. about 2 - 3 hours per pound, typically. It mostly depends on your method of thawing the roast, and the size of the roast. The roast if it is about 5 pounds will need to absorb … about 720 btus of heat to fully thaw. Let's assume the surface area of the roast is roughly 1 square foot.", "How can ham be thawed safely? There are three safe ways to thaw ham: in the refrigerator, in cold water (in an airtight or leak-proof bag), and in the microwave. It's best to plan ahead for slow, safe thawing in the refrigerator. It will take about 4 to 6 hours per pound. Cold water thawing is faster than refrigerator thawing but requires more attention. Put ham in a leak-proof package or plastic bag and submerge it in cold tap water, changing the water every 30 minutes. Estimate about 30 minutes per pound of ham.", "There are three safe ways to thaw ham: in the refrigerator, in cold water (in an airtight or leak-proof bag), and in the microwave. It's best to plan ahead for slow, safe thawing in the refrigerator. It will take about 4 to 6 hours per pound. Cold water thawing is faster than refrigerator thawing but requires more attention. Put ham in a leak-proof package or plastic bag and submerge it in cold tap water, changing the water every 30 minutes. Estimate about 30 minutes per pound of ham. If thawed completely by the cold water method, the food must be cooked immediately. When microwave-defrosting ham, plan to cook it immediately after thawing because some areas of the food may become warm and begin to cook during microwaving.", "Instructions. Seal the spiral ham in a resealable bag and place it in a baking pan in the refrigerator for five to seven hours per pound to thaw. Alternatively, submerge the sealed ham into a sink full of cold water for 30 minutes per pound. Change the water in the sink after every 30 minutes. Cook the thawed spiral ham immediately by reheating it for 10 minutes per pound at 300 degrees Fahrenheit or until the internal temperature reaches 140 degrees Fahrenheit.", "Change the water every 20 to 30 minutes until the ham is thawed. Thawing time depends largely on the shape of your ham, with flat cuts thawing more quickly, but you can expect a 5-pound ham to need at least 2 to 4 hours. Cook water-thawed hams on the same day. The best way to thaw your ham or any other large item is in the refrigerator. The time it takes varies, but typically one day of thawing time for every 5 pounds of weight is a good rule of thumb.", "Answer by worker8424 (20). In a refrigerator, you can thaw a ham in roughly 1-3 days, or between 5-7 hours per pound. Since you want to cook your ham on Thanksgiving, the 26th, you will probably want to take it out of the freezer between the 22nd and 24th. Defrosting a ham at room temperature can be hazardous, and is not recommended by USDA. Answer by cacp9urple (78). On average it takes 5-7 hours per pound to thaw. Place the ham in the refrigerator three days before you plan on cooking it. If for whatever reason it is not thaw immerse in a sink full of cool water until completely thawed.", "Why would a large ham take less time? Should that be 30 minutes per pound for a small ham and 2-3 hours for a large ham? No, they mean 2 to 3 hours TOTAL TIME to thaw a small ham in water, and 30 minutes PER POUND to thaw a large ham. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_to_thaw_a_ham", "http://askkaren.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/498/~/ham-thawing-time", "http://asktheexpert.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/498/~/ham-thawing-time", "http://www.ehow.com/how_6062193_defrost-spiral-ham_.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4664597_thaw-a-ham.html", "http://snippets.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-thaw-a-spiral-ham.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_thaw_an_8_lb_ham" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Types affecting the blood vessels include stroke, high blood pressure, and aortic aneurism. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not one single disease or condition. It is a group of different disorders that affect your heart and blood vessels. Some people are born with cardiovascular disease; others develop it during their lifetime. Because there are so many types of cardiovascular disease, it is often helpful to separate them into problems affecting the:", "The cardiovascular disease types in the heart are more commonly known as heart diseases. What is sometimes a little confusing for people is that heart disease is a term more often used to describe the most common type of heart disease: coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease. It is a group of different disorders that affect your heart and blood vessels. Some people are born with cardiovascular disease; others develop it during their lifetime. Because there are so many types of cardiovascular disease, it is often helpful to separate them into problems affecting the:", "Diabetes is treatable, but even when glucose levels are under control it greatly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. That's because people with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, often have the following conditions that contribute to their risk for developing cardiovascular disease. 1 High blood pressure (hypertension). 2 High blood pressure has long been recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. 3 Abnormal cholesterol and high triglycerides. 4 P 1 Heart diseases and stroke are the No. 1 causes of death and disability among people with type 2 diabetes. 2 In fact, at least 65 percent of people with diabetes die from some form of heart disease or stroke.", "Cardiovascular disease refers to several diseases that affect your heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not one single disease or condition. It is a group of different disorders that affect your heart and blood vessels. Some people are born with cardiovascular disease; others develop it during their lifetime. Because there are so many types of cardiovascular disease, it is often helpful to separate them into problems affecting the:", "Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack)", "Overview. People who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes can develop DHD. The higher a person's blood sugar level is, the higher his or her risk of DHD. Diabetes affects heart disease risk in three major ways. First, diabetes alone is a very serious risk factor for heart disease, just like smoking, high blood pressure, and high blood cholesterol. ", "Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes is a disease in which the body's blood glucose, or blood sugar, level is too high. Normally, the body breaks down food into glucose and then carries it to cells throughout the body. The cells use a hormone called insulin to turn the glucose into energy.", "Type 2 Diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is another disease linked to high cholesterol because diabetes can affect the different cholesterol levels. Even if blood sugar control is good, people with diabetes tend to have increased triglycerides, decreased HDL, and sometimes increased LDL." ], "url": [ "http://heart-disease.emedtv.com/cardiovascular-disease/cardiovascular-disease-types.html", "http://heart-disease.emedtv.com/cardiovascular-disease/cardiovascular-disease-types.html", "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Diabetes/WhyDiabetesMatters/Cardiovascular-Disease-Diabetes_UCM_313865_Article.jsp", "http://heart-disease.emedtv.com/cardiovascular-disease/cardiovascular-disease-types.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/dhd/", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/risks", "http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Cholesterol/hic_Diseases_Linked_to_High_Cholesterol" ] }

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[ "Anthrax, Heart disease, twisted gut, parasite infections, fatal hemorrhagic disease, lymphatic filiariasis." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Note: Loxodonta cyclotis-Forest Elephant has generally been considered to be a subspecies of Loxodonta africana-African Elephant, therefore there is almost no disease literature pertaining specifically to the forest elephant. ", "In addition, it is also a rare disorder of the lymphatic system resulting to the obstruction of the lymph flow and blood circulation that is more commonly found in some African nations. Oftentimes, the disease can be disabling, thus falling the probable production of affected individuals. Define Elephantitis (elephantiasis). The term Elephantiasis comes from the word “elephant” which means as extremely big as elephant and “tiasis” irritation or inflammation commonly known as lymphatic filiariasis caused by some parasitic worms that are transmitted to humans by the mosquitoes. Therefore, this disease is an inflammation of the elephant", "Enteric diseases are infections that develop in the intestinal tract and can be caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. Symptoms include diarrhoea, weight loss and fever. Neurological diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses or toxic substances. ", "True elephantiasis is the result of a parasitic infection caused by three specific kinds of round worms. The long, threadlike worms block the body's lymphatic system—a network of channels, lymph nodes, and organs that helps maintain proper fluid levels in the body by draining lymph from tissues into the bloodstream. Specific drugs are administered for destruction of the parasites; bandages and elevation of the affected area help relieve the swelling. Sanitary control to eliminate the carrier insects is the most effective approach to elimination of this disease. Elephantiasis of the legs and of the scrotum.", "Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver that causes symptoms such as jaundice, extreme fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain; hepatitis B is the most serious form of the disease. Chronic infections can cause cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer in later years. The following is a list of the most common infectious diseases throughout the world today. Accurate caseload numbers are difficult to determine, especially because so many of these diseases are endemic to developing countries, where many people do not have access to modern medical care.", "Elephants in the wild may succumb to more naturally occurring diseases. For example, anthrax, which is transmitted by rats, can lead to paralysis of the trunk. Heart disease, twisted gut, and parasite infections are other major illnesses contracted by wild elephants. Interestingly, elephants in the wild have been known to seek out their own remedies to deal with illness. For example, digestive dilemmas can be treated by fasting or consuming bitter herbs or bark. Elephant herpes virus affects both wild and captive elephants. Interestingly, it greatly affects young Asian elephants, whereas African elephants generally experience benign versions of the virus. It causes fatal hemorrhagic disease and is believed to be transmitted between elephants through trunk secretions.", "MOST READ. Lyme Disease in Dogs. Lyme disease is one of the most common tick-transmitted diseases in the world. It is caused by a spirochete (bacteria) species of the Borrelia burgdorferi group. ", "Photo from: http://. bit.ly/1iViAoO. There are a number of illnesses that target different populations of elephants. For example, we find foot problems (ex: zoo-genic foot disease, pressure cracks, and overgrown nails) to be much more common in captive elephants than in their wild counterparts. Elephant herpes virus affects both wild and captive elephants. Interestingly, it greatly affects young Asian elephants, whereas African elephants generally experience benign versions of the virus. It causes fatal hemorrhagic disease and is believed to be transmitted between elephants through trunk secretions." ], "url": [ "http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/List_Vols/Elephants/List_Elephant_Dis.htm", "http://healthosphere.com/elephantitis-pictures-symptoms-causes-treatment/", "http://www.thecattlesite.com/diseaseinfo/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Elephantitis", "http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0903696.html", "http://thinkelephants.blogspot.com/2013/12/existential-elephants-common-illnesses.html", "http://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions", "http://thinkelephants.blogspot.com/2013/12/existential-elephants-common-illnesses.html" ] }

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[ "Because it was then known as the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States. The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787 in Great Britain. This article is about the original convention that created the U.S. Constitution. For that Constitution's yet-unused method of changing itself, see Convention to propose amendments to the United States", "Four years after the United States won its independence from England, 55 state delegates, including George Washington, James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin, convene in Philadelphia to compose a new U.S. constitution. With George Washington presiding, the Constitutional Convention formally convenes on this day in 1787. The convention faced a daunting task: the peaceful overthrow of the new American government as it had been defined by the Article of Confederation.", "The delegates to the Constitutional Convention did not represent a cross-section of 1787 America. The Convention included no women, no slaves, no Native Americans or racial minorites, no laborers. As one historian noted, it was a Convention of the well-bred, the well-fed, the well-read, and the well-wed.. By September, the final compromises were made, the final clauses polished, and it came time to vote. In the Convention, each state--regardless of its number of delegates-- had one vote, so a state evenly split could not register a vote for adoption.", "The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia met between May and September of 1787 to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation. ", "By 1786, it was apparent that the Union would soon break up if the Articles of Confederation were not amended or replaced. Five states met in Annapolis, Maryland, to discuss the issue, and all the states were invited to send delegates to a new constitutional convention to be held in Philadelphia. With George Washington presiding, the Constitutional Convention formally convenes on this day in 1787. The convention faced a daunting task: the peaceful overthrow of the new American government as it had been defined by the Article of Confederation.", "The Constitutional convention took place in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing that the Convention would work to its disadvantage, boycotted the Convention and, when the Constitution was put to the states, initially refused to ratify it. This article is about the original convention that created the U.S. Constitution. For that Constitution's yet-unused method of changing itself, see Convention to propose amendments to the United States", "The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the creation of the United States Constitution, placing the Convention among the most significant events in the history of the United States. This article is about the original convention that created the U.S. Constitution. For that Constitution's yet-unused method of changing itself, see Convention to propose amendments to the United States", "Confidence votes 52.7K. The Constitutional Convention (or the Philadelphia Convention) was called to amend the Articles of Confederation, the rules for the United States' first independent government. But when the fifty-five delegates attempted to amend the plan, they realized the task was impossible. The building in which the Constitutional Convention was held is what was then known as the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The name was later cha … nged to Independence Hall", "When the Constitutional Convention (not a term any of the 55 or so delegates who attended that meeting would have used to describe it, by the way) began in 1787, the document known as the Articles of Confederation was the constitution of the United States. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)", "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/constitutional-convention-begins", "http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/convention1787.html", "https://history.state.gov/milestones/1784-1800/convention-and-ratification", "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/constitutional-convention-begins", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_was_the_Constitutional_Convention_held", "http://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/history/item/18356-1787-constitutional-convention-why-the-secrecy-rule" ] }

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[ "Highly irritating gas with a pungent, suffocating odor." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Ammonia has alkaline properties and is corrosive. 2 Ammonia gas dissolves easily in water to form ammonium hydroxide, a caustic solution and weak base. 3 Ammonia gas is easily compressed and forms a clear liquid under pressure. 4 Ammonia is usually shipped as a compressed liquid in steel containers. A copy of the The Facts About Ammonia (Technical Information) is available in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF, 63 KB, 3pg.). Note to reader: This fact sheet is intended to provide general awareness and education on a specific chemical agent.", "Ammonia is a chemical consisting of one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen. It is designated in chemical notation as NH3. Ammonia is extremely soluble in water and is frequently used as a water solution called aqua ammonia. Ammonia chemically combines with water to form ammonium hydroxide. ", "Ammonia is a colorless highly irritating gas with a sharp suffocating odor. It dissolves easily in water to form ammonium hydroxide solution which can cause irritation and burns. Ammonia gas is easily compressed and forms a clear, colorless liquid under pressure. ", "Some chemical/physical properties of ammonia are: 1 At room temperature, ammonia is a colorless, highly irritating gas with a pungent, suffocating odor. 2 In pure form, it is known as anhydrous ammonia and is hygroscopic (readily absorbs moisture). 3 Ammonia has alkaline properties and is corrosive. A copy of the The Facts About Ammonia (Technical Information) is available in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF, 63 KB, 3pg.). Note to reader: This fact sheet is intended to provide general awareness and education on a specific chemical agent.", "Ammonia in this form is also known as ammonia gas or anhydrous (without water) ammonia. Ammonia gas can also be compressed and becomes a liquid under pressure. The odor of ammonia is familiar to most people because ammonia is used in smelling salts, household cleaners, and window cleaning products. Eighty percent of all manufactured ammonia is used as fertilizer. A third of this is applied directly to soil as pure ammonia. The rest is used to make other fertilizers that contain ammonium compounds, usually ammonium salts. These fertilizers are used to provide nitrogen to plants.", "1 Ammonia gas dissolves easily in water to form ammonium hydroxide, a caustic solution and weak base. 2 Ammonia gas is easily compressed and forms a clear liquid under pressure. 3 Ammonia is usually shipped as a compressed liquid in steel containers. A copy of the The Facts About Ammonia (Technical Information) is available in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF, 63 KB, 3pg.). Note to reader: This fact sheet is intended to provide general awareness and education on a specific chemical agent.", "Ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It is lighter than air, its density being 0.589 times that of air. It is easily liquefied due to the strong hydrogen bonding between molecules; the liquid boils at −33.3 °C (−27.94 °F), and freezes at −77.7 °C (−107.86 °F) to white crystals. The hydrogen in ammonia is capable of replacement by metals, thus magnesium burns in the gas with the formation of magnesium nitride Mg 3 N 2, and when the gas is passed over heated sodium or potassium, sodamide, NaNH 2, and potassamide, KNH 2, are formed.", "Ammonia (NH3) is a gas normally, the boiling point of liquid ammonia is -33 C at atmospheric pressure, but it can be stored as liquid at high pressure. Household ammonia is in fact a solution of NH3 in water. Early lasers (which were called Masers at the time) used ammonia gas for power. Ideal gases follow the ideal gas laws, but ammonia does not adhere to a few of them. First of all, the volume … of its molecules in a container is not negliggible. Next, NH3 molecules have intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which is a strong intermolecular bond.", "Ammonia or azane is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH 3. It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. The hydrogen in ammonia is capable of replacement by metals, thus magnesium burns in the gas with the formation of magnesium nitride Mg 3 N 2, and when the gas is passed over heated sodium or potassium, sodamide, NaNH 2, and potassamide, KNH 2, are formed.", "Definition of AMMONIA for Kids. 1. : a colorless gas that is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen, has a sharp smell and taste, can be easily made liquid by cold and pressure, and is used in cleaning products and in making fertilizers and explosives. 2. : a solution of ammonia and water. Full Definition of AMMONIA. 1. : a pungent colorless gaseous alkaline compound of nitrogen and hydrogen NH3 that is very soluble in water and can easily be condensed to a liquid by cold and pressure." ], "url": [ "https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm", "https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/ammonia_refrigeration/ammonia/", "https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/ammonia_general.htm", "https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm", "http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/PHS/PHS.asp?id=9&tid=2", "https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_ammonia_gas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ammonia" ] }

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[ "A narrow ledge or shelf typically at the top or bottom of a slope." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Berm has been adopted as a wider term usually used to describe a physical, stationary barrier of some kind. For example in modern highway construction, a berm is a noise barrier constructed of earth, often landscaped, running along a highway to protect adjacent land users from noise pollution. [1] In Snowboard Cross, a berm is a wall of snow built up in a corner. In Mountain biking, a berm is a banked turn formed by soil, commonly dug from the track, being deposited on the outer rim of the turn.", "berm. n. 1. a narrow path or ledge at the edge of a slope, road, or canal. 2. NZ the grass verge of a suburban street, usually kept mown. 3. (Fortifications) fortifications a narrow path or ledge between a moat and a rampart. berm. 1. a level strip of ground at the summit or sides, or along the base, of a slope. 2. a nearly flat back portion of a beach formed of material deposited by the waves. 3. the shoulder of a road. 4. a mound of snow or dirt.", "2. berm-a narrow edge of land (usually unpaved) along the side of a road; the car pulled off onto the shoulder. shoulder. edge-the outside limit of an object or area or surface; a place farthest away from the center of something; the edge of the leaf is wavy; she sat on the edge of the bed; the water's edge. berm. 1. a level strip of ground at the summit or sides, or along the base, of a slope. 2. a nearly flat back portion of a beach formed of material deposited by the waves. 3. the shoulder of a road", "Noun. 1. berm-a narrow ledge or shelf typically at the top or bottom of a slope. ledge, shelf-a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water. berm. 1. a level strip of ground at the summit or sides, or along the base, of a slope. 2. a nearly flat back portion of a beach formed of material deposited by the waves. 3. the shoulder of a road. 4. a mound of snow or dirt.", "Report Abuse. A Berm home is defined as a home built on flatland construction or a very small hill, and earth covered to form your own mountain. A Berm home could have one face open and three faces covered. It could have covering from side to side and the top only, leaving the home open in the front and rear OR a Berm home could have one side earth contact so that the top and three sides of the home are open.", "noun. A frost covered berm by a field. A frost covered berm by a field. The definition of a berm is a piece of land that is flat and narrow and typically beside a body of water, or a man-made hill or dike. 1 An example of a berm is a strip of flat land on which you can sit next to a river. 2 An example of a berm are the trenches dug and used by the military in World War II.", "In medieval military engineering, a berm (or berme) was a level space between a parapet or defensive wall and an adjacent steep-walled ditch or moat. [1] In Snowboard Cross, a berm is a wall of snow built up in a corner. In Mountain biking, a berm is a banked turn formed by soil, commonly dug from the track, being deposited on the outer rim of the turn.", "Noun. 1. berm-a narrow ledge or shelf typically at the top or bottom of a slope. ledge, shelf-a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water. berm. 1. a level strip of ground at the summit or sides, or along the base, of a slope. 2. a nearly flat back portion of a beach formed of material deposited by the waves. 3. the shoulder of a road", "berm. n. 1. a narrow path or ledge at the edge of a slope, road, or canal. 2. NZ the grass verge of a suburban street, usually kept mown. berm. 1. a level strip of ground at the summit or sides, or along the base, of a slope. 2. a nearly flat back portion of a beach formed of material deposited by the waves. 3. the shoulder of a road" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/earth+berm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/berm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/earth+berm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060912112956AACHziX", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/berm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/berm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/berm" ] }

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[ "$1,270" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "With a $545 annual cost and a $1,115 first-year expense, you might expect to pay a lot more, but with a life expectancy averaging 11 years, to the lifetime expenses average to $6,565 for a medium-sized dog.", "Kelly Giffear and Brittany Scott projected yearly costs for raising small, medium, large and giant breeds. The average cost for the first year of raising small dogs was $2674; medium dogs on the average cost $2889; the cost for large dogs is $3239 and giant breeds such as Great Danes have an annual cost of $3536. The average first year cost across all sizes was $3085.", "Many people balk at paying $500 to $1000 for a dog. They rationalize that they simply can not afford it and settle for a poorly bred $150 puppy instead. What a huge mistake. The cost of a guaranteed healthy, well-bred $1000 puppy is a fraction of what it will cost to own that dog for 12 years. A poorly bred dog with bad hips, allergies, and a not so bright disposition will end up costing you thousands more in medical bills not to mention hours of frustration and disappointment.", "In the first year alone, your new best friend can cost between $700 and $2,000 excluding any special needs, such as dog walking, pet insurance, and grooming, which can raise the cost by more than $7,000.", "According to this report, the total first-year cost of owning a dog is $1,270 and for a cat it’s $1,070. As you can see, having a pet can cost you over $1,000 in the first year, and well over $500 each additional year. Depending on the food you buy and your actual medical expenses, the costs could be much higher.", "Veterinary costs were $650 per year and included all lab work plus are for one serious illness per year was added into the figures. According to Giffear and Scott, the average lifetime cost of raising a dog is $23,410. These numbers don’t include training classes, so don’t forget to add in CGC classes, obedience, agility and agility equipment and private lessons if you need them.", "The Cost of Small Pets. If you want a small pet that you can actually pet without being bit or slobbered on, a guinea pig is a good choice. Those guys may be small, but they can cost you big per year. You can expect to pay $565 per year, more than a medium dog, and to pay $645 the first year." ], "url": [ "http://visualeconomics.creditloan.com/how-much-our-pets-cost-in-a-lifetime/", "http://www.akc.org/learn/akc-training/cost-to-raise-dog/", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2106&aid=1543", "http://www.kiplinger.com/slideshow/spending/T063-S001-9-costs-every-dog-owner-should-budget-for/index.html", "http://www.moneyunder30.com/the-true-cost-of-pet-ownership", "http://www.akc.org/learn/akc-training/cost-to-raise-dog/", "http://visualeconomics.creditloan.com/how-much-our-pets-cost-in-a-lifetime/" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Come July, AirTran will continue to fly internationally, operating flights between Chicago's Midway Airport and Montego Bay, Jamaica, for instance. But by the end of the year all international service by AirTran will shift over to Southwest. Southwest, which grew to carry more domestic passengers than any U.S. airline, began selling tickets Monday for international flights, the start of a significant shift for the low-cost domestic carrier.", "With 3 runways and an estimated 430K+ passengers annually, Melbourn International Airport is presently served by major airlines offering daily nonstop flights to Atlanta & Charlotte, with connections around the globe. Baer Air provides scheduled and charter flights. Melbourne Airport has one passenger terminal. MLB Airport is located outside the City of Melbourne-located near major north-south traffic arteries-Interstate Hwy 95, & U.S. Highway 1.", "Airlines. Orlando Melbourne International Airport is currently served by four commercial airlines. Legacy carriers Delta Air Lines and American Airlines offer daily, nonstop flights to their respective hubs in Atlanta and Charlotte and one-stop service to just about anywhere in the world. Toronto-based Porter Airlines also provides premium service scheduled flights direct between Toronto's Billy Bishop Airport (YTZ) and Orlando Melbourne International Airport.", "Melbourne International Airport MLB serves the City of Melbourne and central Florida's east coast. MLB Airport is located outside the City of Melbourne-located near major north-south traffic arteries-Interstate Hwy 95, & U.S. Highway 1.", "The airfield was originally constructed as a U.S. Army Air Forces facility and military operations began in 1942 as Orlando Army Air Field #2, an auxiliary airfield to Orlando Army Air Base, which is now known as Orlando Executive Airport. Airline flights to the Orlando Jetport began shortly after an agreement was signed by the city and USAF in October 1961. Over the next few years airline flights shifted from the old Herndon Airport (renamed in 1982 as the Orlando Executive Airport (IATA: ORL, ICAO: KORL, FAA LID: ORL)).", "Tampa International Airport is a hub for Gulfstream International Airways. However, Southwest Airlines offers the most flights to Tampa International. There are also a number of non-stop services to various destinations across the United States as well as the UK, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean.", "Jacksonville Airport is used by most North American airlines. Many airports across the United States, such as those in Atlanta, Charlotte, Dallas, Baltimore, Chicago, Washington and New York are connected to Jacksonville International Airport. With loads of shops and eateries, there’s always a lot to do at the airport. However, Southwest Airlines offers the most flights to Tampa International. There are also a number of non-stop services to various destinations across the United States as well as the UK, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean.", "Orlando International is a mere 6 miles (11km) from the downtown area. Flights to Orlando International Airport arrive from across the US and the Caribbean, South America and major hubs in Europe. However, Southwest Airlines offers the most flights to Tampa International. There are also a number of non-stop services to various destinations across the United States as well as the UK, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean.", "Elite Airways is also building routes from its Melbourne, Florida hub. Toronto-based Porter Airlines also provides premium service scheduled flights direct between Toronto's Billy Bishop Airport (YTZ) and Orlando Melbourne International Airport.", "Getting from the Airport to the City. Melbourne International Airport (MLB) is the closest airport to the city, about 1.5 miles northwest of the city centre. A variety of options connect travellers to Melbourne. The public bus system serves the airport, while shuttles, town cars and limousines can also be arranged at the airport. 1 Beer drinkers should book last minute flights to Melbourne, FL for the annual Oktoberfest. 2 During your trip to Melbourne, FL, take time to visit Brevard Zoo. 3 Melbourne Arts Festival is held in April and offers prizes and workshops. 4 The Melbourne International Airport (MLB) handles many one way flights to Melbourne, FL." ], "url": [ "http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/2014/01/27/southwest-launches-international-services/4938011/", "http://www.ifly.com/melbourne-international-airport", "http://www.mlbair.com/PassengerInformation/FlightInformation/Airlines.aspx", "http://www.ifly.com/melbourne-international-airport", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlando_International_Airport", "http://www.cheapflights.com/airports/florida/", "http://www.cheapflights.com/airports/florida/", "http://www.cheapflights.com/airports/florida/", "http://www.mlbair.com/PassengerInformation/FlightInformation/Airlines.aspx", "http://www.cheapflights.com/flights-to-melbourne-FL/" ] }

[]

[ "It is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns that is interpreted and manipulated in certain prescribed ways." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical Definition of MATRIX. 1. b: the thickened epithelium at the base of a fingernail or toenail from which new nail substance develops—called also nail bed, nail matrix. 2. : something (as a surrounding or pervading substance or element) within which something else originates or takes form or develops. 3. 4", "Definition of Matrix. A matrix is a collection of numbers arranged into a fixed number of rows and columns. Usually the numbers are real numbers. In general, matrices can contain complex numbers but we won't see those here. Here is an example of a matrix with three rows and three columns: The top row is row 1. The leftmost column is column 1. This matrix is a 3x3 matrix because it has three rows and three columns. In describing matrices, the format is: rows X columns. Each number that makes up a matrix is called an element of the matrix. The elements in a matrix have specific locations.", "Wiktionary (5.00 / 1 vote) Rate this definition: matrix (Noun). The womb. matrix (Noun). The material or tissue in which more specialized structures are embedded. matrix (Noun). An extracellular matrix, the material or tissue between the cells of animals or plants. matrix (Noun). Part of the mitochondrion. matrix (Noun). The medium in which bacteria are cultured. matrix (Noun). A rectangular arrangement of numbers or terms having various uses such as transforming coordinates in geometry, solving systems of linear equations in linear algebra and representing graphs in graph theory.", "Full Definition of MATRIX. 1. : something within or from which something else originates, develops, or takes form. 2. 1. b: the thickened epithelium at the base of a fingernail or toenail from which new nail substance develops—called also nail bed, nail matrix. 2. : something (as a surrounding or pervading substance or element) within which something else originates or takes form or develops. 3.", "1. the intercellular substance of a tissue, as bone matrix, or the tissue from which a structure develops, as hair or nail matrix. 2. a metal or plastic band used to provide proper form to a dental restoration, such as amalgam in a prepared cavity. ", "matrix. n, pl matrices (ˈmeɪtrɪˌsiːz; ˈmae-) ˈmæ or. matrixes. 1 a, substance, situation or environment in which something has its, origin takes, form or is. enclosed. (2) anatomy anatomy the thick tissue at the base of a nail from which a fingernail or toenail. develops ", "The rule for matrix multiplication, however, is that two matrices can be multiplied only when the number of columns in the first equals the number of rows in the second. A major application of matrices is to represent linear transformations, that is, generalizations of linear functions such as f(x) = 4x. A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns. An n-by-n matrix is known as a square matrix of order n. Any two square matrices of the same order can be added and multiplied. The entries a ii form the main diagonal of a square matrix.", "In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array —of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns —that is interpreted and manipulated in certain prescribed ways. A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns. An n-by-n matrix is known as a square matrix of order n. Any two square matrices of the same order can be added and multiplied. The entries a ii form the main diagonal of a square matrix." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/matrix", "http://chortle.ccsu.edu/VectorLessons/vmch13/vmch13_2.html", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/matrix", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/matrix", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/matrix", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/matrix", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(mathematics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(mathematics)" ] }

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[ "$50 to $200 square foot.", "$50/sf upto $200/sf." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "After working for four small to national home builder in Colorado and building in over 60 communities along with over 10,000 homes, we varied in hard costs from $50/sf up to $200/sf, so again many of the answers below are certainly correct. Good question, but too many variables to answer without more detail. Location, size, level of finish and many other factors can cause the costs to soar. You could build a home for $150 to $200 per square foot, but certain areas and finishes could conceivably double that amount. Especially when you say 'custom' home. There are builder homes, semicustom, and ultimate custom homes with unlimited costs involved to get exactly what the buyer wants", "The average cost per square foot to build a home in Holdrege, Nebraska, is about $55. This means a 8000 square foot home would cost about $440,000 to build. The answer depends on the region you will build in and the quality and type of materials used. On average, the cost per square foot to build an average home is $125 per … square foot. There are some builders, who build what is called formula homes. That is a home that is built on your property, built to specific designs in a small selection of choices and layouts, exclusive of options", "I work with a lot of Scrape Developers in Central Denver. Their cost per SF to build a 2,000'ish SF above grade home with average+ finishes is about $130/SF. Now realize, that is THEIR cost. To build for a customer, they will add market up & fees to provide for their living of building homes. New construction will run between $250 per square foot and $500 per square foot: That will mean between $275,000 to $550,000 not including the cost of the land. 0 votes • Thank • Flag • Link • Thu May 10, 2012.", "For a complete Turn-Key Home, our current average building costs in Summit County can run between $250-$325 per square foot dependent on the finishes you choose, complexity of roof system, and development cost of the lot including permits, utilities, driveway access, retaining walls and excavation. The homeowner is responsible for the cost of the freight to the building site. A 2500 sf home should be 2-3 trucks. Most recent freight bill from Rocky Mountain Log Homes from Hamilton MT was approx. $2800 per truck for freight. Freight approx. $5000 per truck from Canada.", "The NAHB decided to break down costs into nine different regions. Below is a list of each region and its associated cost (on average) per square foot for a custom home: 1 Pacific – $145/ft. 2 New England – $143/ft. 3 Mountain – $107/ft. 4 West North Central – $103/ft. 5 Middle Atlantic – $103/ft. ", "The average cost per square foot to build a home in Indiana is about $132 per square foot. This means a 2500 square foot home would cost around $330,000 to build. The answer depends on the region you will build in and the quality and type of materials used. On average, the cost per square foot to build an average home is $125 per … square foot. There are some builders, who build what is called formula homes. That is a home that is built on your property, built to specific designs in a small selection of choices and layouts, exclusive of options", "The average custom home building costs for custom homes built in the United States is right around $83 per square foot. The median price however was $78 per square foot. In the northeastern states and California the average price of construction can be between $100 and $120 dollars per square foot. In reality there are many factors that impact the average custom home costs." ], "url": [ "http://www.trulia.com/voices/Home_Buying/What_are_the_current_costs_for_building_a_custom_h-442482", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_cost_per_square_foot_to_build_a_custom_home_in_Parker_Colorado", "http://www.trulia.com/voices/Remodel_and_Renovate/Average_cost_per_square_foot_for_new_construction-381372", "http://www.mountain-loghomes.com/faq", "http://www.staufferandsons.com/blog/cost-of-building-a-home-in-colorado-compared-with-usa/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_cost_per_square_foot_to_build_a_custom_home_in_Parker_Colorado", "http://homebuildingsmart.com/average-custom-home-building-costs/" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Potentially, such insights will inform the future management of these conditions. Where WPW is inherited as a familial trait, with or without associated cardiac defects or a systemic syndrome, there are clinical genetic ramifications that are already of practical importance. [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE]. Family studies, and more recent molecular genetic investigations, indicate that the Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome and associated preexcitation disorders can have a substantial genetic component.", "Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a condition characterized by abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that cause a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm (arrhythmia). The heartbeat is controlled by electrical signals that move through the heart in a highly coordinated way. You might also find information on the diagnosis or management of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in Educational resources and Patient support. General information about the diagnosis and management of genetic conditions is available in the Handbook.", "People with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are born with an extra connection in the heart, called an accessory pathway, that allows electrical signals to bypass the atrioventricular node and move from the atria to the ventricles faster than usual. You might also find information on the diagnosis or management of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in Educational resources and Patient support. General information about the diagnosis and management of genetic conditions is available in the Handbook.", "Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a specific type of abnormality of the electrical system of the heart. This syndrome causes a specific pattern on an electrocardiogram (Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern) and is linked to an episode of rapid heart rates, such as supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) or atrial fibrillation. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a treatable medical condition. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is also referred to as WPW syndrome and pre-excitation syndrome. Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome can affect all ages but is usually diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults. Except in rare circumstances, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is not a hereditary", "WPW is not usually hereditary, that is, it is not usually passed from parents to children. In the normal conduction system, there is only one pathway for electrical signals to pass from the heart’s upper chambers — the atria-to the heart’s lower chambers — the ventricles. This pathway is called the AV node. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a congenital heart problem that affects the heart’s electrical system. Although it is present at birth, the onset of symptoms varies and indeed some people never have symptoms.", "In people with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, there is an extra, or accessory, AV pathway. This leads to re-entry supraventricular tachycardia, a rapid heart rate initiated above the ventricles. The location of the extra electrical pathway in Wolff-Parkinson-White can often be precisely identified. In some people, WPW syndrome can cause rapid heartbeats (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia), with heart rates rising up to 240 beats per minute (The normal rate is 60 to 80 beats per minute). Other symptoms include palpitations, shortness of breath, fainting and possibly angina (chest pain).", "Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. In Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, an extra electrical pathway between your heart's upper chambers (atria) and lower chambers (ventricles) causes a rapid heartbeat (tachycardia). This pathway of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is present at birth. An abnormal gene (gene mutation) is the cause in a small percentage of people with the syndrome. WPW also is associated with some forms of congenital heart disease, such as Ebstein's anomaly. Otherwise, little is known about why this extra pathway develops.", "Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) is one of several disorders of the electrical system of the heart that are commonly referred to as pre-excitation syndromes. The bundle of Kent is an abnormal extra or accessory conduction pathway between the atria and ventricles that is present in a small percentage (between 0.1% and 0.3%) of the general population.", "Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a common cause of an arrhythmia known as paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is the most frequent cause of this abnormal heart rhythm in the Chinese population, where it is responsible for more than 70 percent of cases. You might also find information on the diagnosis or management of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in Educational resources and Patient support. General information about the diagnosis and management of genetic conditions is available in the Handbook." ], "url": [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16302915", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome", "http://www.medicinenet.com/wolff-parkinson-white_syndrome/article.htm", "http://www.mottchildren.org/conditions-treatments/ped-heart/conditions/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome", "http://www.steadyhealth.com/topics/is-wpw-hereditary", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/wolff-parkinson-white/basics/causes/CON-20043508", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolff%E2%80%93Parkinson%E2%80%93White_syndrome", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome" ] }

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[ "If the area is obstructed by linkage or hoses, use an extension nozzle to pinpoint the area of the vacuum leak." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Curing deadly engine vacuum leaks. Vacuum leaks can be located with spray carburetor cleaner or a can of WD-40. If the area is obstructed by linkage or hoses, use an extension nozzle to pinpoint the area of the vacuum leak. If the engine speeds up when an area is sprayed, you are close to finding the leak. By John Bellah.", "Vacuum leaks are one of the biggest causes of engine performance problems. This video is pretty straight forward in it's approach to finding a vacuum leak. On thing I might mention is that not all vacuum leaks are at the engine. Some HVAC systems run on engine vacuum and can cause a leak under the dash in some cases.", "A vacuum leak causes a disruption of the normal vacuum that is created from a running engine. A vacuum leak alters the vacuum pressure of an engine and the car’s engine speed will fluctuate up and down as the engine’s computer struggles to find an equilibrium.", "Also you can have a miss at idle and when u rev the motor it goes away!!!A couple of easy tricks and tips to finding engine vacuum leaks..real easy step by step tutorial in troubleshooting vacuum problems in your car!! DIY how to find and diagnose engine vacuum leaks!! Motor Trend. 1 Autos & Vehicles." ], "url": [ "http://www.oldcarsweekly.com/restoration/make-vacuum-leaks-hiss-tory", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CPqbaSgcok", "http://www.gta-auto.com/vacuum-leak-repairs/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGmXvqm1iVQ" ] }

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[ "The worldwide product division structure is an organizational structure where the first division after the CEO is by product." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition. A divisional organizational structure usually consists of several parallel teams focusing on a single product or service line. Examples of a product line are the various car brands under General Motors or Microsoft's software platforms. Executive leadership is the single most important determinant of success for a company using a divisional structure. The top leaders need to understand what each division is doing and provide leadership to the division chiefs on how to accommodate new strategic directions or more effectively partner across divisions.", "Advantages & Disadvantages of Divisional Organizational Structure. A divisional organizational structure gives a larger business enterprise the ability to segregate large sections of the company's business into semi-autonomous groups. These groups are mostly self-managed and focused upon a narrow aspect of the company's products or services. Executive leadership is the single most important determinant of success for a company using a divisional structure. The top leaders need to understand what each division is doing and provide leadership to the division chiefs on how to accommodate new strategic directions or more effectively partner across divisions.", "Global Product Division Structure of MNE’s. Global Product division structure contains the functions necessary to the specific goods or services a product/service division produces. The parental organization has headquarters divisions for different major product categories with respective resources, human and others. Product division structure increases the specialization of work such that the number of similar products can be increased. The structure helps in expansion into new markets and production of totally new kinds of products. Resource leverage is another advantage", "In this case -- a product-based divisional structure -- each division within the organization is dedicated to a particular product line. This type of structure is ideal for organizations with multiple products and can help shorten product development cycles. ", "Product vs. Functional Management. It is important to comprehend the role and difference of a functional leadership and product leadership, the role of project and program management within the framework of organization structure. A divisional structure is less hierarchical than functional; it is formed by decomposing the functional structure along the product lines. Unlike functional management, the divisional management is more skilled along product business and lesser in core technical competencies.", "Worldwide area structure-The worldwide area structure is really the geographical division structure, and is an organizational structure where the first division after the CEO is by geographical area. Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. 1. Worldwide product division structure-The worldwide product division structure is an organizational structure where the first division after the CEO is by product.", "Demerits of Global Geographic Division Structure. A drawback is possible costly duplication of work among areas. For example, Ford abandoned its geographic structure in favor of a product division structure because of costly design duplication between Europe and North America. With large foreign operations that are not dominated by a single country or area including the headquarters, but well spread out geographically Multinational Enterprises use geographic divisions. Global Geographic (Region/Nation/Area) Division Structure is more common to European MNEs, such as Nestle.", "Split and merge into it. Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. 1. Worldwide product division structure-The worldwide product division structure is an organizational structure where the first division after the CEO is by product. 2", "The divisional structure is especially useful when a company has many regions, markets, and/or products. However, it can cause higher total costs, and can result in a number of small, quarreling fiefdoms within a company that do not necessarily work together for the good of the entire entity. " ], "url": [ "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-divisional-organizational-structure-611.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-divisional-organizational-structure-611.html", "http://www.mbaknol.com/international-business/global-product-division-structure-of-mnes/", "http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/team-structure-diagrams", "http://www.practical-management.com/Organization-Development/Functional-Vs-Divisional-Structure.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_worldwide_area_division_structure_and_worldwide_product_division_structure", "http://www.mbaknol.com/international-business/global-geographic-division-structure-of-mnes/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_worldwide_area_division_structure_and_worldwide_product_division_structure", "http://www.accountingtools.com/divisional-structure" ] }

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[ "Houston, Texas." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Tags: flying. Magritte got the name for this painting from his poet friend Louis Scutenaire, who often helped him find names for his paintings. In this case, the name Golconda refers to a city in India, which was the seat for two different kingdoms from the 14th to 17th centuries. ", "This painting is fun, but it also makes us aware of the falsity of representation.. Golconda (French: Golconde) is an oil painting on canvas by Belgian surrealist Rene René, magritte painted in. 1953 it is usually housed at The Menil collection In, Houston. texas ", "Golconda. In 1953, Rene René magritte completed one of his major, Masterpieces. Golconda referring to a wealthy city In, india the name and the painting draws inspiration from the desire of. wealth Referring to a wealthy city in India, the name and the painting draws inspiration from the desire of wealth. The Belgian painter used his very common image of nearly identical men in long coal colored trench coats and derby hats.", "The oil on canvas painting was created from a surrealist point of view. The viewer is surprised by the images of men seeming to have buoyant qualities. Rene René magritte displayed his ability to use realistic images in a variety of unique. ways Referring to a wealthy city in India, the name and the painting draws inspiration from the desire of wealth. The Belgian painter used his very common image of nearly identical men in long coal colored trench coats and derby hats.", "Rene René magritte was born In, lessines in the province Of, Hainaut, belgium in. 1898 he was the oldest son Of Leopold, léopold magritte a tailor and, textile Merchant (and Regina), régina nee née bertinchamps who was a milliner. Before she got married Little'is known about. Magritte s early life he began lessons. in drawing in 1910 ", "Golconda (in French, Golconde) is an oil painting on canvas by Belgian surrealist Rene René, magritte painted in. © 1953 THE MENIL-COLLECTION HOUSTON. texas ", "Golconda. In 1953, Rene René magritte completed one of his major, Masterpieces. Golconda referring to a wealthy city In, india the name and the painting draws inspiration from the desire of. Wealth The belgian painter used his very common image of nearly identical men in long coal colored trench coats and derby. hats Referring to a wealthy city in India, the name and the painting draws inspiration from the desire of wealth. The Belgian painter used his very common image of nearly identical men in long coal colored trench coats and derby hats.", "Field: painting. Nationality: Belgian. Art Movement: Surrealism. A Belgian surrealist painter, Rene Magritte’s witty and thought-provoking paintings sought to have viewers question their perceptions of reality, and become hypersensitive to the world around them. Magritte’s mother was a suicidal woman, which led her husband, Magritte’s father, to lock her up in her room", "Call of Peaks. One of the typical indoor landscapes of Rene Magritte, belonging to a series of paintings with easel depicted. He enjoys playing with illusion and dual meaning of images, where the easel is the symbol or the carrier of this duality. False Mirror. One of the most famous paintings by Rene Magritte. Here, the artists insinuates how human vision is limited, where mirror signifies a physical reflection, while the eye is the symbol of selective and subjective personal view." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikiart.org/en/rene-magritte/gonconda-1953", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golconda_(painting)", "http://totallyhistory.com/golconda/", "http://totallyhistory.com/golconda/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jBybbbXpVNg", "http://totallyhistory.com/golconda/", "http://www.wikiart.org/en/rene-magritte", "http://www.cuded.com/2014/02/10-surrealist-rene-magritte-paintings/" ] }

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[ "An asymmetric carbon atom (chiral carbon) is a carbon atom that is attached to four different types of atoms or groups of atoms.s" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A chiral carbon (from Greek 'hand') is one that is linked to different groups. It is not overlappable with its mirror image because of this. ", "An aldohexose with 4 asymmetric carbon atoms has 2 4 = 16 stereoisomers: The four groups of atoms attached to the carbon atom can be arranged in space in two different ways that are mirror images of each other, and which lead to so-called left-handed and right-handed versions of the same molecule. Molecules that cannot be superimposed on their own mirror image are said to be chiral. As an example, malic acid has 4 carbon atoms but just one of them is asymmetric. The asymmetric carbon atom is the one attached to two carbon atoms, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom.", "• A chiral molecule contains an asymmetric carbon atom/stereogeniccentre but an achiral molecule does not. • A chiral molecule has a non-superimposable mirror image but an achiral molecule does not. • A chiral molecule and its mirror image are considered as two different molecules called enantiomers, but an achiral molecule and its mirror image is identical. • A chiral molecule has various prefixes added to the chemical name, but achiral molecules do not contain such prefixes. ", "Most instances of chiral molecules that you will encounter at this level of organic chemistry owe their chirality to the presence of one or more stereocenters. It is not necessary for a molecule to have a stereocenter to be chiral. Make models of the enantiomers of 2,3-pentadiene (1,3-dimethylallene) shown below. ", "An asymmetric carbon atom (chiral carbon) is a carbon atom that is attached to four different types of atoms or groups of atoms. As an example, malic acid has 4 carbon atoms but just one of them is asymmetric. The asymmetric carbon atom is the one attached to two carbon atoms, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom.", "With regard to organic chemistry, chiral molecules commonly comprise a carbon atom attached to four different substituents. The substituents can be either atoms or groups of atoms, but each must differ from the other three for the carbon atom to be a chiral center (stereocenter). If two identical atoms are attached to the chiral center, the next atoms in the two substituents are examined. Moving outward from the chiral center, priority is given at the first point where the substituents differ. The left-and right-hand configurations of chiral molecules are dubbed enantiomers.", "If a carbon is not chiral, it is called achiral. Stereoisomers. When a molecule is chiral, the mirror image of that molecule is a different molecule. The chiral molecule and its mirror image are stereoisomers of one another. More specifically, they are enantiomers of one another.", "The symmetry of a molecule (or any other object) determines whether it is chiral. A molecule is achiral (not chiral) when an improper rotation, that is a combination of a rotation and a reflection in a plane, perpendicular to the axis of rotation, results in the same molecule. For tetrahedral molecules, the molecule is chiral if all four substituents are different. The stereogenic atom in chiral molecules is usually carbon, as in many biological molecules. However chirality can exist in any atom, including metals (as in many chiral coordination compounds), phosphorus, or sulfur.", "Introduction: Chiral centers are tetrahedral atoms (usually carbons) that have four different substituents. Each chiral center in a molecule will be either R or S. As noted above, molecules with a single chiral center are chiral. Molecules with more than one chiral center are usually chiral. If there are four different groups, then it is a chiral center. (Note that two substituents can appear to be the same if you look only at the first attached atom but you have to keep going to check if they are really the same or are different.). The four groups attached to this carbon are: -Br, -H, -CH 2, -C=.", "Conversely, an achiral object, such as an atom, is symmetric; its mirror image is not truly opposite, but rather is indistinguishable from the original. In chemistry, chirality usually refers to molecules. Two mirror images of a chiral molecule are called enantiomers or optical isomers. The stereogenic atom in chiral molecules is usually carbon, as in many biological molecules. However chirality can exist in any atom, including metals (as in many chiral coordination compounds), phosphorus, or sulfur." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_chiral_carbon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric_carbon", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-chiral-and-vs-achiral/", "http://www.chem.ucla.edu/harding/tutorials/stereochem/id_stereocenter.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric_carbon", "http://physics.unl.edu/~tgay/content/ChiralM.html", "http://www2.volstate.edu/chem/111internet/Carbohydrates/chiral.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_%28chemistry%29", "http://www.chem.sc.edu/faculty/shimizu/333/Chem_333/5a.ii.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_%28chemistry%29" ] }

[]

[ "American" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Rachel Roy was born on January 15, 1974 in California. She was raised in the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Her brother is Rajendra Roy, now the Chief Film Curator of the Museum of Modern Art in New York. She is of mixed racial ancestry: her mother is Dutch and her Madras-born father is Bengali Indian. In 2007, Roy was inducted into the Council of Fashion Designers of America. Roy has also received publicity in the teen market, including in Teen Vogue; in their April 2009 issue, Rachel did a “how to,” where she transforms a regular T-shirt into an edgy prom dress.", "Rachel Roy approaches the design of her eponymous collection with a feminine and modern point of view. Her goal is to create clothing for women who embrace fashion and dress with an effortless elegance and confidence. The results encapsulate a fresh version of glamour that evades the standard protocol for dressing today. Originally from California, Rachel attended college in Washington DC. In Fall 2004, she applied her sophisticated aesthetic to her own collection, RACHEL ROY, which debuted in department and specialty stores for Spring 2005.", "Rachel Roy. by ethnic on. Birth Name: Rachel Irene Roy. Place of Birth: San Bernardino, California, United States. Date of Birth: January 15, 1974. Ethnicity: *Bengali Indian (father) *Dutch (mother). Rachel Roy is an American fashion designer. Her father, who is from Chennai, India, is of Bengali Indian descent. Her mother, who is American-born, is of Dutch descent. Rachel was previously married to entrepreneur Damon Dash", "Roy has also appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show. In 2007, Roy was inducted into the Council of Fashion Designers of America. Roy has also received publicity in the teen market, including in Teen Vogue; in their April 2009 issue, Rachel did a “how to,” where she transforms a regular T-shirt into an edgy prom dress.", "Rachel Roy is an American fashion designer born in Monterey, California. After graduating from college in 1996, she moved to New York to continue her work in the fashion world, then as a stylist for magazines and music videos. Rachel Roy married Damon Dash in 2005; they split in 2009. She has two children with Damon; Ava, born December 7, 1999, and Tallulah, born May 14, 2008. In 2011, it was speculated that she was dating San Diego Chargers linebacker Dwight Freeney.", "15 January 1974, Monterey, California, USA. Rachel Roy was born on January 15, 1974 in Monterey, California, USA. She was previously married to Damon Dash. Gave birth to her 2nd child at age 32, a daughter Tallulah Ruth Dash on May 13, 2008. Child's father is her now ex-husband, Damon Dash. Gave birth to her 1st child at age 25, a daughter Ava Dash on December 7, 1999. Child's father is her boyfriend (now ex-husband)", "Biography: Rachel Roy is an American fashion designer who grew up in California with an Indian father and Dutch mother. In 1996, after graduating from college in Washington, she moved to New York and began working as a stylist for magazines and music videos. She launched her own fashion line, Rachel Roy New York, in 2005, and received a Bollywood industry award for her contribution to American fashion in 2006. Roy's second fashion line, RACHEL Rachel Roy was launched in 2009 and is the more affordable younger sister of the Rachel Roy Collection.", "Rachel Roy-Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Hip-hop flop Damon Dash's wife Rachel Roy files for divorce-NY ... Hip-hop mogul Damon Dash claims he's deep in debt and close to ... Damon Dash Opens Up About Life After Aaliyah, Jay-Z & Rachel Roy. Broke hip-hop mogul Damon Dash abandoned his upstate New ... Rachel Roy Fights For Clothing Label With Help From Ex-Husband ... --Business mogul and Roc-A-Fella Records co-founder Damon Dash responds to reported allegations that his wife, Rachel Roy was the cause of Solange Knowles’ elevator attack on Jay Z. (Hip Hop Motivation).", "The label RACHEL Rachel Roy is available exclusively at Macy’s in the United States and at The Bay in Canada. In summer 2009, Roy and Grammy Award-winning British pop singer Estelle announced via Roy’s Twitter feed their collaboration on a jewelry line for the Spring 2010 RACHEL Rachel Roy collection. In 2007, Roy was inducted into the Council of Fashion Designers of America. Roy has also received publicity in the teen market, including in Teen Vogue; in their April 2009 issue, Rachel did a “how to,” where she transforms a regular T-shirt into an edgy prom dress." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Roy", "http://www.browsebiography.com/bio-rachel_roy.html", "http://ethnicelebs.com/rachel-roy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Roy", "http://hollywoodlife.com/celeb/rachel-roy/", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm3491201/bio", "http://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/rachel-roy", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/05/28/damon-dash-rachel-roy-jay-z-rumors_n_5405484.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Roy" ] }

[]

[ "Extracts gold from sand, gravel, and dirt using water and mechanical methods." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Gold Dredge, Klondike River, Canada, 1915. The Yankee Fork dredge near Custer, Idaho, which operated into the 1950s. A gold dredge is a placer mining machine that extracts gold from sand, gravel, and dirt using water and mechanical methods. The original gold dredges were large, multi-story machines built in the first half of the 1900s. ", "Ellicott ® Dredges, one of the oldest and most successful dredging equipment companies in the world, has been supplying dredging equipment to governments, municipalities, contractors, sand and gravel operators, port authorities, and marina operators for over 125 years. ", "Dredging is an excavation activity usually carried out at least partly underwater, in shallow seas or freshwater areas with the purpose of gathering up bottom sediments and disposing of them at a different location. 1 This is often carried out with a trailing suction hopper dredge. 2 Most dredging is for this purpose, and it may also be done to maintain the holding capacity of reservoirs or lakes. 3 Land reclamation: dredging to mine sand, clay or rock from the seabed and using it to construct new land elsewhere.", "Engine emission laws in New Jersey, USA required this sand dredging operation to power its dredge and booster pump electrically. This sand mine had very specialized requirements for its mine. The deposits of this New Jersey, USA mine were beyond the depth of any of Ellicott's standard dredge models. Ellicott's sales and engineering departments worked closely with this operation to design a custom sand dredge that could reach 80 ft (24m) digging depth.", "Sand Dredging, lake management, lake maintenance, auger dredge, dredge equipment, dredging, marine construction, environmental dredge, draga, cutterhead dredges…. For more what is a dredging sandmachine do information: funcionamento do vsi britagem, britadores primarios, primários fournisseur boulets, acier bahan penghancur, batu Dredging is an excavation activity or operation usually carried out at least partly underwater, in shallow seas or fresh water areas with the purpose of gathering up ...", "Sand Dredging. Keeping the approach channels to a port open or creating a new facility can benefit the local economy on many levels. The largest Ellicott ® dredges have been used for this application. In particular, the Series 4170 Super Dragon ® is a popularly utilized machine. If the facility requires ongoing maintenance, an Ellicott ® Series 1270 or 1870 Dragon ® will fit the job well. The deposits of this New Jersey, USA mine were beyond the depth of any of Ellicott's standard dredge models. Ellicott's sales and engineering departments worked closely with this operation to design a custom sand dredge that could reach 80 ft (24m) digging depth.", "This technique is often used to keep waterways navigable. It is also used as a way to replenish sand on some public beaches, where sand has been lost because of coastal erosion. Dredging is also used as a technique for fishing for certain species of edible clams and crabs (see fishing dredge). 1 This is often carried out with a trailing suction hopper dredge. 2 Most dredging is for this purpose, and it may also be done to maintain the holding capacity of reservoirs or lakes. 3 Land reclamation: dredging to mine sand, clay or rock from the seabed and using it to construct new land elsewhere.", "Twinkle Co sand & gravel dredges and dredge equipment for dredging ... to improve performance and reduce the cost of production. Successful dredging ... We do silt, sediment, muck, sand. and mud removal & …. We do dredging, sediment removal, mud, muck, and sand pumping, from lakes and ponds. ... dredging for mini cost). Our work is ... I dug this canal with heavy equipment ….", "Dredging is the removal of sediments and debris from the bottom of lakes, rivers, harbors, and other water bodies. It is a routine necessity in waterways around the world because sedimentation—the natural process of sand and silt washing downstream—gradually fills channels and harbors. Dredging is the act of removing silt and other material from the bottom of bodies of water. As sand and silt washes downstream, sedimentation gradually fill channels and harbors. This material must be periodically removed by dredging." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_dredge", "http://www.dredge.com/index.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dredging", "http://www.dredge.com/Sand_Dredging_Equipment/sand-dredging-mining-equipment.html", "http://www.machinemine.com/application/what-is-a-dredging-sandmachine-do.php", "http://www.dredge.com/Sand_Dredging_Equipment/sand-dredging-mining-equipment.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dredging", "http://www.machinemine.com/project/Prices-of-sand-dredging-machines.php", "http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/dredging.html" ] }

[]

[ "Piano" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Description by Robert Cummings. In 1938, Dmitri Kabalevsky provided incidental music for a play produced by the Central Children's Theater in Moscow, entitled Inventor and Comedian. The score is light and witty and its expressive language quite direct, as was expected in Stalin's Soviet Union at that time. All ten numbers in this suite are short, but Kabalevsky clearly demonstrates that his brevity of expression does not reduce the artistic impact of the music. While it is light, it is seriously light and must be judged a masterpiece of its type.", "Shostakovich is in many ways a polar counter-force for Stravinsky. [...] When I have said that the 7th symphony of Shostakovich is a dull and unpleasant composition, people have responded: Yes, yes, but think of the background of that symphony.. Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. In some of his later works (e.g., the Twelfth Quartet), he made use of tone rows.", "Kabalevsky was a prolific Russian composer of piano music and chamber music; many of his piano works have been performed by Vladimir Horowitz. He is probably best known in the West for the “Comedians’ Galop”… read more. Michael Korstick. First, even today he continues to be regarded as the author of »didactic music« and to reap scorn from many Russians, who term him a »Pioneer musician.« Second, in his role as an archconservative censorship authority close to the regime, he of course did not win any popularity contests.", "Shostakovich's music shows the influence of many of the composers he most admired: Bach in his fugues and passacaglias; Beethoven in the late quartets; Mahler in the symphonies and Berg in his use of musical codes and quotations. Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. In some of his later works (e.g., the Twelfth Quartet), he made use of tone rows.", "Shostakovich voting in the election of the Council of Administration of Soviet Musicians in Moscow in 1974. He was survived by his third wife, Irina; his daughter, Galina; and his son, Maxim, a pianist and conductor who was the dedicatee and first performer of some of his father's works. Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. In some of his later works (e.g., the Twelfth Quartet), he made use of tone rows.", "Although Dmitri Kabalevsky is ranked with Shostakovich and Prokofiev among the former Soviet Union’s leading composers, he is relatively unknown to today’s listening public. First, even today he continues to be regarded as the author of »didactic music« and to reap scorn from many Russians, who term him a »Pioneer musician.« Second, in his role as an archconservative censorship authority close to the regime, he of course did not win any popularity contests.", "Mini Bio (1). Dmitri Shostakovich, one of Russian culture's most acclaimed intellectuals who was censored under the dictatorship of Joseph Stalin, was an internationally recognized composer whose music was in over 100 films. He was born Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich on September 25, 1906, in St. Petersburg, Russia. He was the second of three children of Dmitri Boleslavovich Shostakovich, a chemical engineer, and Sofia Kokaoulina, a pianist. ", "What's a Galop. Musical Jokes. Download this month's activity sheet. About Dmitri Kabalevsky. 12/30/1904 - 2/14/1987. Born in Russia. Dmitri Kabalevsky was born in St. Petersburg, which was then the capital of Russia. He started playing the piano by ear when he was six. In 1918, after the Russian Revolution, the family moved to Moscow, where Dmitri finally started studying music -- including composition", "His son, Dmitri Boleslavovich Shostakovich, the composer's father, was born in exile in Narim in 1875 and studied physics and mathematics in Saint Petersburg University, graduating in 1899. He then went to work as an engineer under Dmitri Mendeleev at the Bureau of Weights and Measures in Saint Petersburg. Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. In some of his later works (e.g., the Twelfth Quartet), he made use of tone rows." ], "url": [ "http://www.allmusic.com/composition/the-comedians-suite-for-small-orchestra-op-26-mc0002367211", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich", "http://www.expeditionaudio.com/kabalevsky-complete-music-for-piano-and-orchestra/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich", "http://www.expeditionaudio.com/kabalevsky-complete-music-for-piano-and-orchestra/", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006291/bio", "http://www.classicsforkids.com/pastshows.asp?id=228", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich" ] }

[]

[ "The more than 700 species" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Gum tree is a term used for the eucalyptus trees. There are three genera found in the myrtle (Myrtaceae) family that may be considered gum trees: Eucalyptus, Angophora and Corymbia. The last one used to be included in the Eucalyptus genus up until the 1990s and you may still see that genus name used for them by some. They are called gum trees since many species ooze lots of sap if the trunk surface is damaged. The sweetgums (Liquidambar spp. ) and black gum (Nyssa sylvatica) are not related.", "The eucalyptus tree is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, common in Australia, to which it is native. There are over 700 species of Eucalyp … tus, and beside Australia, around 15 species are found in their native state in parts of New Guinea and Indonesia. The actual number of trees on the planet is, of course, incalculable. Here are some related facts that might assist: Today there are approximately 100,000 known species of t … rees that exist throughout the world, according to World Resources Institute.", "There are over 700 known species of gum trees, or eucalyptus. 1 person found this useful. Edit. Share to: On the Wallaby. 2,872,921 Contributions. One of my favourite past-times is driving and exploring with my husband (and my dog). In WikiAnswers, I am constantly On the wallaby. The actual number of trees on the planet is, of course, incalculable. Here are some related facts that might assist: Today there are approximately 100,000 known species of t … rees that exist throughout the world, according to World Resources Institute.", "There are more than 700 different types of eucalyptus, most of which are native to Australia, with a few species occurring in New Zealand and scattered in the south east Asian Islands just north of Australia. It is not particular about soil as long as it drains well. Peppermint eucalyptus (Eucalyptus dives) is a small-to-medium sized tree that reaches 25 to 80 feet tall with a spread of 25 to 50 feet.", "Peppermint Eucalyptus. Peppermint eucalyptus (Eucalyptus dives) is a small-to-medium sized tree that reaches 25 to 80 feet tall with a spread of 25 to 50 feet. It is native to south eastern Australia where it is often planted in rows and used as a windbreak. It is not particular about soil as long as it drains well", "Eucalyptus is a tree most often associated with its native Australia environment and fun-loving koalas feasting on its branches. There are many species of eucalyptus trees, including popular varieties like Gum tree and Silver-Dollar tree, that can be grown in the home landscape. In fact, this tree can make an attractive addition with interesting bark and foliage, beautiful flowers, and nice fragrance", "The more than 700 species of eucalyptus are mostly native to Australia, and a very small number are found in adjacent areas of New Guinea and Indonesia. One species, Eucalyptus deglupta, ranges as far north as the Philippines. Several eucalypt species are among the tallest trees in the world. Eucalyptus regnans, the Australian 'mountain ash', is the tallest of all flowering plants (angiosperms); today, the tallest measured specimen named Centurion is 99.6 m (327 ft) tall.", "There are over 700 different species of Eucalyptus trees. Most of these are found only in Australia. However, there are some found in New Guinea and Indonesia. The actual number of trees on the planet is, of course, incalculable. Here are some related facts that might assist: Today there are approximately 100,000 known species of t … rees that exist throughout the world, according to World Resources Institute.", "The eucalyptus tree is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, common in Australia, to which it is native. There are over 700 species of Eucalyp … tus, and beside Australia, around 15 species are found in their native state in parts of New Guinea and Indonesia. ", "Plant Description. There are many species of eucalyptus. Some are the size of an ornamental shrub, and some grow to be giant trees. The kind most often used as medicine is called blue gum or Australian fever tree. It can grow as high as 230 feet. Its 4 to 12 inch leaves are dark green and shiny. " ], "url": [ "http://treesandshrubs.about.com/od/selection/ss/Meet-12-Species-of-Gum-Trees.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_species_of_eucalyptus_trees_are_there", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_species_of_eucalyptus_trees_are_there", "http://www.gardenguides.com/98112-types-eucalyptus-trees.html", "http://www.gardenguides.com/98112-types-eucalyptus-trees.html", "http://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/eucalyptus/tips-growing-eucalyptus.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_species_of_eucalyptus_trees_are_there", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_types_of_eucalyptus_trees_are_there", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/eucalyptus" ] }

[]

[ "Albinism occurs when one of several genetic defects makes the body unable to produce or distribute melanin, a natural substance that gives color to your hair, skin, and iris of the eye." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Causes of albinism. Albinism is caused by a lack of the pigment melanin, which gives hair, skin and eyes their colour.", "Knowledge center. Albinism is a genetic condition also called achromia, achromasia, or achromatosis. It is characterized by a deficit in the production in melanin and by the partial or complete absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes.", "Causes. Albinism occurs when one of several genetic defects makes the body unable to produce or distribute melanin, a natural substance that gives color to your hair, skin, and iris of the eye. The defects may be passed down through families. The most severe form of albinism is called oculocutaneous albinism.", "Albinism is a rare group of genetic disorders that cause the skin, hair, or eyes to have little or no color. Albinism is also associated with vision problems. According to the National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation (NOAH), approximately one in 17,000 people have a form of albinism. (NOAH).", "Albinism is caused by a mutation in one of several genes. Each of these genes provides instructions for making one of several proteins involved in the production of melanin. Melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found in your skin and eyes.", "Albinism is caused by a defect in one of several genes that produce or distribute melanin (natural pigment). The defect may result in the absence of melanin production, or a reduced amount of melanin production." ], "url": [ "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/albinism/Pages/causes.aspx", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/245861.php", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001479.htm", "http://www.healthline.com/health/albinism", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/albinism/basics/causes/CON-20029935", "http://www.healthline.com/health/albinism" ] }

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[ "62% fat, 0% carbs, 38% protein" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Nutrient profiles for raw and cooked ground beef products containing 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% fat are currently available in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference (SR). This program complements the ground beef data currently available in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Click here to start the ground beef calculator and then follow the instructions for entering the percentage fat or lean, and cooking method.", "Paper towels made for microwave use are recommended. Remove ground beef from refrigerator and shape into 4-ounce patties (1/2 inch thick, approximately 4 inches in diameter). Cook immediately. Heat nonstick skillet over medium heat until hot (about 5 minutes). Do not add oil. This technique will allow you to take advantage of lower-priced, higher-fat ground beef and still enjoy the benefits of a leaner product. Brown ground beef in skillet over medium heat 8 to 10 minutes or until no longer pink. Stir occasionally to break beef into large pieces (about 1/4 inch).", "Beef, ground, 95% lean meat / 5% fat, loaf, cooked, baked. Beef, ground, 95% lean meat / 5% fat, patty, cooked, broiled. Beef, ground, 95% lean meat / 5% fat, patty, cooked, pan-broil", "Beef, ground, 70% lean meat / 30% fat, loaf, cooked, baked. Beef, ground, 95% lean meat / 5% fat, patty, cooked, broiled.", "Reducing Fat in Cooked Ground Beef A study in the Journal of The American Dietetic Association* has good news for beef eaters. Nutrition researchers found that a simple rinsing process reduced the fat content of cooked ground beef crumbles by as much as 50 percent. This technique will allow you to take advantage of lower-priced, higher-fat ground beef and still enjoy the benefits of a leaner product. Brown ground beef in skillet over medium heat 8 to 10 minutes or until no longer pink. Stir occasionally to break beef into large pieces (about 1/4 inch).", "There are 232 calories in 3 ounces of cooked Ground Beef (Cooked). Calorie breakdown: 62% fat, 0% carbs, 38% protein. All trademarks, copyright and other forms of intellectual property are property of their respective owners. blog|faq|terms|privacy|find buddies|food list|brand list|report abuse|contact|other sites|platform|professional. © 2015 FatSecret.", "• To thaw ground beef in the microwave, place. unwrapped ground beef on a microwave safe. plate or bowl and use defrost or medium-low. setting; microwave 2 minutes; let stand 2. minutes. Repeat as needed. Turn ground beef. regularly as it thaws. Be sure ground beef is. • It is important to properly handle all ground beef. to avoid spoilage or food poisoning. • To thaw ground beef in the refrigerator, place. wrapped ground beef on a plate or in a bowl on. the lowest shelf to catch any drippings or juice. Thaw overnight or for at least 10 to 12 hours.", "The Ground Beef Calculator generates a nutrient profile based on the fat (or lean) content of retail ground beef and the preparation method specified (broiled patties, pan-broiled patties, loaves, or crumbles). This program complements the ground beef data currently available in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Click here to start the ground beef calculator and then follow the instructions for entering the percentage fat or lean, and cooking method.", "And, blotting can be used to reduce the fat content of cooked burgers, meatballs and meatloaf. So whether you buy ground beef for taste, convenience or price, you also can enjoy the health benefits of lower-fat ground beef with a few easy steps. This technique will allow you to take advantage of lower-priced, higher-fat ground beef and still enjoy the benefits of a leaner product. Brown ground beef in skillet over medium heat 8 to 10 minutes or until no longer pink. Stir occasionally to break beef into large pieces (about 1/4 inch).", "The USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory has launched a new nutrient search program, the Ground Beef Calculator, which provides the user with nutrient information for retail ground beef products containing any level of fat between 3% and 30%. This program complements the ground beef data currently available in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Click here to start the ground beef calculator and then follow the instructions for entering the percentage fat or lean, and cooking method." ], "url": [ "http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=13933", "http://www.beefnutrition.org/CMDocs/BeefNutrition/ReducingFatinCookedGroundBeef.pdf", "http://www.newcaloriecounter.com/calories-in/calories_in_cooked_ground_beef.html", "http://www.newcaloriecounter.com/calories-in/calories_in_cooked_ground_beef.html", "http://www.beefnutrition.org/CMDocs/BeefNutrition/ReducingFatinCookedGroundBeef.pdf", "http://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/ground-beef-regular-cooked", "http://www.whatscooking.fns.usda.gov/sites/default/files/factsheets/HHFS_BEEF_GROUND_100159October2012.pdf", "http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=13933", "http://www.beefnutrition.org/CMDocs/BeefNutrition/ReducingFatinCookedGroundBeef.pdf", "http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=13933" ] }

[]

[ "$3,063 per month." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Please understand that the numbers listed below should only be used as estimates of what a person would expect to pay and that rates change constantly. The costs listed below are only for Medicare-certified facilities which account for more than 90% of nursing homes in the United States. Much of the data comes from the Genworth 2015 Cost of Care Survey which is the most comprehensive study of its kind. Genworth Financial surveyed nearly 25% of nursing homes. ** The map uses the median of nursing home costs for a semi-private room (double occupancy). The cost for Alaska has been reduced to have a more useful map. Please view the actual figures below. The cost of nursing homes varies significantly between facilities across the nation and even within the same city.", "Dermott-area historical tornado activity is slightly below Arkansas state average. It is 79% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 11/24/2001, a category F4 (max. wind speeds 207-260 mph) tornado 19.9 miles away from the Dermott city center injured 48 people and caused $4 million in damages. 2.8%. According to our research of Arkansas and other state lists there were 19 registered sex offenders living in Dermott, Arkansas as of October 07, 2015. The ratio of number of residents in Dermott to the number of sex offenders is 147 to 1", "16. Indiana. $161,456. -. 23. See home prices and popularity trends — sort by average listing price, median sales price, and search popularity. Copyright © 2015 Trulia, Inc. All rights reserved. ", "According to the 2015 Genworth Financial cost of care survey, the average cost of assisted living in Arkansas is $3,063 per month. The monthly base rate for Arkansas assisted living is typically lower when compared to neighboring states. Arkansas is also less expensive compared to the national average. This cost is the base cost for a one-bedroom assisted living unit in Arkansas. Additional fees beyond the base rate may apply. Assisted Living Regulations. Arkansas defines Assisted Living Facilities as a building or part of a building that is in the business of providing assisted living services for more than 24 hours, to more than three adult residents staying at the facility.", "Cost of Arkansas Nursing Homes. According to the 2015 Genworth Financial cost of care survey, the average cost of skilled nursing in Arkansas is $4,715 per month. The monthly base rate for Arkansas nursing homes is typically average when compared to neighboring states. This cost is the base cost for a double occupancy room for one person in Arkansas. Additional fees beyond the base rate may apply. The rate for a single occupancy room for one person is typically higher. In Arkansas, the average cost is $5,488.", "Last Updated: 8/14/2015. Sales rose in every region of the country, with the strongest gains in the Northeast and Midwest. The Northeast saw sales grow 4.3 percent in June to an annual pace of 720,000, up from 690,000 in May and up 12.5 percent from the previous year. In the Midwest, total sales increased to $1.33 million homes, up 4.7 percent from 1.27 million the month before and up 12.7 percent from June 2014. Sales in the South rose to annual rate of 2.20 million in June, up 2.3 percent from 2.15 million in May. Sales were also up 7.3 percent from one year earlier. And in the West, sales increased to an annual level of 1.24 million, up 2.5 percent from May s 1.21 million. Compared with last year, sales in the West are up 8.8 percent" ], "url": [ "http://www.skillednursingfacilities.org/resources/nursing-home-costs/", "http://www.city-data.com/city/Dermott-Arkansas.html", "http://www.trulia.com/home_prices", "http://www.assistedlivingfacilities.org/directory/ar/", "http://www.skillednursingfacilities.org/directory/ar/", "http://www.realestateabc.com/outlook/overall.htm" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "if you had no income there is no point to filing any tax return, there is nothing to be refunded you the child tax credit applies to your tax liability and without income you have none you didn't work therefore there is no earned income credit. You are always allowed to file a tax return, but this year, you won't be required to file. Since you're not legally required to file, the only reason to file would be if you expect a refund.", "Even if you are not required to file a tax return, file a return if you are due a refund, because tax was withheld from any earnings..... and because many, low income people have many benefits coming. Even if you do not have to file, you should file to get money back if Federal Income Tax was withheld from your pay, which if you were an employee most certainly happened or you qualify for any of the following: For more information, please refer to the related link.", "Even if you earned income last year, if it falls below the IRS minimum you don't have to file a tax return. The minimum varies according to your age and filing status -- whether you are single, head of household, filing jointly with your spouse or you can be claimed as a dependent on someone else's taxes. The IRS lists the additional child tax credit and the first-time homebuyer credit as examples; if you qualify for these credits, you can receive a refund even if you had no income and paid no taxes. To claim the credits, you have to file your 1040 and other tax forms.", "Voluntary Filing. Even if you don’t work and aren’t required to file taxes, it might be a good idea. Suppose you worked for a little while at the beginning of the year. Your employer probably deducted income tax from your paycheck and you may be due a refund. To get the money, you must file a return. When you don’t work, it can be for a number of reasons. You might stay home to care for children while your spouse works or you may be a student. Less happily, you might unemployed even though you want to work. In some cases you don’t have to file taxes when you don’t work.", "Best Answer: If you have some kind of income, you might have to file-there is a limit on the amount of money you can make and not have to file. But it's at least $5350 if you are a dependent, $8750 if you aren't unless you have income from self-employment, then it's $400. ", "Your income and taxes owed determine whether you have to file taxes. When you don’t work, it can be for a number of reasons. You might stay home to care for children while your spouse works or you may be a student. Less happily, you might unemployed even though you want to work. In some cases you don’t have to file taxes when you don’t work.", "You must file a tax return to claim the Earned Income Tax Credit. If you meet the income and other filing requirements, the IRS requires you to file an annual tax return. The government considers your adjusted gross income, filing status and age when determining if you must file a tax return. However, even if you don’t meet any of the other requirements to file a federal income tax return, you may be eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit, which could give you a tax refund. ", "You must file a federal income tax return if your income is above a certain level; which varies depending on your filing status, age and the type of income you receive. Even if you do not have to file, you should file to get money back if Federal Income Tax was withheld from your pay, which if you were an employee most certainly happened or you qualify for any of the following: For more information, please refer to the related link.", "OVERVIEW. Any year you have minimal or no income, you may be able to skip filing your tax return and the related paperwork. Being allowed to skip filing your tax return and the related paperwork sounds like a good deal. Any year you have minimal or no income, you may be able to do just that. However, it's perfectly legal to file a tax return showing zero income, and this might be a good idea for a number of reasons. Before you decide to skip your return this year, consider whether it might be worthwhile to file. The IRS lists the additional child tax credit and the first-time homebuyer credit as examples; if you qualify for these credits, you can receive a refund even if you had no income and paid no taxes. To claim the credits, you have to file your 1040 and other tax forms.", "You must file a tax return if you received any amount of advance earned income credit payments from your employer during the year, or if you owe any taxes, such as: Special filing requirements may apply to U.S. citizens who are residents of Puerto Rico or who have income from U.S. possessions. Even if you do not have to file, you should file to get money back if Federal Income Tax was withheld from your pay, which if you were an employee most certainly happened or you qualify for any of the following: For more information, please refer to the related link." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101130053934AAZhj2o", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Do_you_have_to_file_taxes_if_you_don%27t_work", "https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tools/tax-tips/IRS-Tax-Return/Can-I-File-an-Income-Tax-Return-if-I-Don-t-Have-Any-Income-/INF14238.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/file-taxes-dont-work-26151.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080130151034AAz1kt4", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/file-taxes-dont-work-26151.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/file-tax-return-didnt-work-but-dependent-child-25509.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Do_you_have_to_file_taxes_if_you_don%27t_work", "https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tools/tax-tips/IRS-Tax-Return/Can-I-File-an-Income-Tax-Return-if-I-Don-t-Have-Any-Income-/INF14238.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Do_you_have_to_file_taxes_if_you_don%27t_work" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Confidence votes 5.8K. Endocrine is a word usually used in refference to hormones. It means a sudstance that is produced and sent around the body in the blood. And example of an endocrine hormone is adrenaline/epinephrine which is involved in the autonomic nervous response. The opposite of endocrine is exocrine meaning th substance is delivered to its target withough getting into the blood", "Almost every cell and organ of the body is regulated by the endocrine system. The word endocrine is derived from the Greek terms endo meaning within and krine meaning to secrete or separate. The glands in the endocrine system secrete hormones within the body. A hormone is a chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. These hormones are the messengers of the endocrine system, influencing such things as metabolic activity, reproduction, mood, growth and body development. It's interesting that the word hormone is derived from the Greek hormao meaning I set in motion or I stir up. This is exactly what hormones do", "The greek term “endo” that endocrine is derived from means ________. A. Within B. Outside C. Without D. None of the above. This conversation has been flagged as incorrect. New answers have been added below .... Weegy: The pancreas is composed of two types of functional tissue: groups of cells termed the islets of Langerhans and ducts called the pancreatic acini. The islets of Langerhans are the portion of the pancreas that manufactures and secretes hormones.", "Search for an answer or ask Weegy (Free). Original conversation. User: The greek term “endo” that endocrine is derived from means ________. A. Within B. Outside C. Without D. None of the above Weegy: A. Within you can also refer to here. jbgingz|Points 374|User: The endocrine system acts through chemical messengers called ________. Weegy: The pancreas is composed of two types of functional tissue: groups of cells termed the islets of Langerhans and ducts called the pancreatic acini. The islets of Langerhans are the portion of the pancreas that manufactures and secretes hormones.", "The greek term “endo” that endocrine is derived from means ________. A. Within B. Outside C. Without D. None of the above. A. Within. The greek term “endo” that endocrine is derived from means within. ", "Discovery of the endocrine system go back as far as 700 AD when the Chinese healers associated an inactive thyroid with the disease called myxedema. The word endocrine is derived from the Greek terms endo, meaning within, and krine, meaning to separate or secrete. It was coined in 1914. Related links. The hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal, thymus and reproductive glands are all a part of the endocrine system. ", "Endocrine Glands. The endocrine glands do not have ducts to carry their product to a surface. They are called ductless glands. The word endocrine is derived from the Greek terms endo, meaning within, and krine, meaning to separate or secrete. The endocrine system acts through chemical messengers called hormones that influence growth, development, and metabolic activities. The action of the endocrine system is measured in minutes, hours, or weeks and is more generalized than the action of the nervous system. There are two major categories of glands in the body-exocrine and endocrin", "Endocrine Glands. The endocrine glands do not have ducts to carry their product to a surface. They are called ductless glands. The word endocrine is derived from the Greek terms “endo,” meaning within, and “krine,” meaning to separate or secrete. The action of the endocrine system is measured in minutes, hours, or weeks and is more generalized than the action of the nervous system. There are two major categories of glands in the body – exocrine and endocrine." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_word_endocrine_means", "http://www.rabboar.com/studio/articles/Glands.pdf", "http://www.weegy.com/?ConversationId=8E99OO89", "http://www.weegy.com/?ConversationId=8E99OO89", "http://weegy.com/?ConversationId=648CCABB", "http://deborahslittlegems.blogspot.com/2011/01/reiki-chakras.html", "http://www.training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/endocrine/", "http://nursinglink.monster.com/training/articles/952-endocrine-system" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The good news here is that it will not take you 500 years of average income to buy a house in Dubai or Abu Dhabi even as property prices have grown at world beating rates for the past 18 months. Read: Dubai house prices growing at world's fastest rate and Dubai house prices rising fastest in the world – again. According to PropertyFinder.ae, an online real estate classifieds website, the average price of an apartment in Dubai currently stands at Dh2,720,078 and a villa in the emirate will set you back by an average Dh6,540,723.", "Salaries vary widely in Dubai, depending on your qualifications and negotiation skills. Dubai has no minimum wage rates or standardized salaries, and salaries are usually similar to, or greater than those paid in western nations. Salaries also vary widely depending on nationalities, qualifications, experience, employee history and other random factors. There is no income tax in the UAE, but, depending on your nationality and your duration of stay in your Dubai job, you may have to pay tax in your home country. As each country is different, you may have to speak to your income tax department or a tax lawyer/accountant to get definitive information.", "Hi Friends, Please share your views regarding the Living Cost and Average Salary in Dubai for a couple. I am planning to work in Dubai but before that want to living standard and average salary for HR / admin person. ", "Average salaries and wages in Dubai and UAE. Table of average wages and salary ranges for jobs in Dubai. Similar pay scales and wages paid in Abu Dhabi companies and jobs (or higher), similar or lower in other emirates. All salary figures are monthly in UAE dirhams (AED) (3.67 dhs = US$1). Actual amount will depend on qualifications, experience, employee nationality, employment history, employer mood, and other random factors. Suggest corrections or additional professions and salary ranges in the UAE salaries forum topic", "Income Tax. There is no income tax in the UAE, but, depending on your nationality and your duration of stay in your Dubai job, you may have to pay tax in your home country. As each country is different, you may have to speak to your income tax department or a tax lawyer/accountant to get definitive information.", "The UAE Federal Labour Law and the Emirate of Dubai does not have the provision for minimum wages, and your basic salary is what is a negotiated rate stipulated in your labour contract. The amount is important, as it is the basis of calculation for your end-of-service gratuity pay. There is no income tax in the UAE, but, depending on your nationality and your duration of stay in your Dubai job, you may have to pay tax in your home country. As each country is different, you may have to speak to your income tax department or a tax lawyer/accountant to get definitive information.", "Here is the countdown of the richest 10 countries in the world according to Forbes: 10- The Netherlands: Average income per capita: 40,973 dollars a year, located in western Europe, bordering the North Sea, with its capital Amsterdam and a population of 16 million people. Average income per capita: 56,694 dollars a year, is located on an island in South East Asia, Singapore as its capital, the population is 4.9 million people.", "Average salary in Dubai is approximately $84,000 per person, according to cost of living. Basic salary in a Dubai hospital for a staff midwife is low. Around 9000 dirhams/month. Tax free though. And then you will get some allowances-depending on how many years o … f experience you have. Free accommodation of course. Free transport to and from work. And a yearly airplane ticket home.", "Published. Consider this: An average Indian with an average annual income of $1,503 (Dh5,520) per annum will need to work for a staggering 580 years to be able to afford a flat in central Mumbai. According to PropertyFinder.ae, an online real estate classifieds website, the average price of an apartment in Dubai currently stands at Dh2,720,078 and a villa in the emirate will set you back by an average Dh6,540,723." ], "url": [ "http://www.emirates247.com/news/emirates/revealed-minimum-salary-you-need-to-buy-a-house-in-dubai-2014-08-05-1.558527", "http://www.guide2dubai.com/living/expat-life/dubai-salary-and-pay-scale", "http://www.expatforum.com/expats/dubai-expat-forum-expats-living-dubai/62505-living-cost-average-salary-dubai.html", "http://www.dubaifaqs.com/salaries-dubai.php", "http://www.guide2dubai.com/living/expat-life/dubai-salary-and-pay-scale", "http://www.guide2dubai.com/living/expat-life/dubai-salary-and-pay-scale", "http://urbanpeek.com/2012/03/09/the-worlds-top-10-richest-countries-in-2012/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_average_salary_in_dollars_in_Dubai", "http://www.emirates247.com/news/emirates/revealed-minimum-salary-you-need-to-buy-a-house-in-dubai-2014-08-05-1.558527" ] }

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[ "10% additional tax" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Generally, early distributions are those you receive from an IRA before reaching age 59½. The 10% additional tax applies to the part of the distribution that you have to include in gross income. It is in addition to any regular income tax on that amount. To discourage the use of IRAs for purposes other than retirement, the law imposes a 10% additional tax on early distributions from traditional and Roth IRAs unless an exception applies.", "Exceptions to the 10% Early Withdrawal Penalty. Below are the specific exceptions that the IRS has identified that allow you to withdraw IRA money without the 10% penalty: 1 Qualified Higher Education Expenses – you can withdraw your IRA funds to help pay for college expenses. 1 Roth IRA Conversion – when you convert your funds from a Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, although you pay tax on the distribution, there is no 10% penalty applied. 2 Rollover – using the 60-day period, you are eligible to have access to your funds without penalty as long as the rollover is completed within 60 days.", "(iStockPhoto). Withdrawals from individual retirement accounts before age 59 1/2 typically trigger a 10 percent early withdrawal penalty. However, there are several exceptions to the penalty if you meet certain circumstances or spend the money on specific purchases. Here are 10 ways to avoid the IRA early withdrawal penalty: ", "By Emily Brandon. + More. If you withdraw money from your individual retirement account before age 59 1/2, you will generally have to pay a 10 percent early withdrawal penalty in addition to income tax on the amount withdrawn. But there are a variety of ways to avoid the IRA early withdrawal penalty if you meet specific criteria: Turn age 59 1/2. Once you turn age 59 1/2, you can withdraw any amount from your IRA without having to pay the 10 percent penalty. But regular income tax will still be due on each withdrawal. IRA distributions are not required until after age 70 1/2. [Read: How to Save for Retirement on a Small Salary.]", "Taxes are due only when you withdraw money. You are supposed to leave funds in the account until you are 59 1/2 years old. If you take any money out of a traditional IRA early, you must pay 10 percent of the withdrawn amount as a penalty unless the distribution meets IRS rules to qualify as an exception. Taxes and penalties are paid for the year the distribution occurs", "Penalties on Earnings from Contributions. Unless an exception applies, most distributions from a Roth IRA before the owner reaches age 59 1/2 will be subject to an early withdrawal penalty of 10% on the amount of the distribution. Because, for a Roth IRA, you have met the five tax-year exception on the converted funds and therefore dodge the 10% penalty on these distributions. But, there is no five-tax-year exception for a traditional IRA.", "As with the IRA, most withdrawals from a 401(k) or other qualified retirement plan are subject to taxation. Early withdrawals before age 59½ are also subject to a 10% penalty, with some exceptions. The exceptions are as follows: Death of the participant – this is the same as the exception for an IRA above. ", "Distributions that you roll over or transfer to another IRA or qualified retirement plan are not subject to this 10% additional tax. For more information on rollovers, refer to Topic 413. There are exceptions to this 10% additional tax for early distributions that are: To discourage the use of IRAs for purposes other than retirement, the law imposes a 10% additional tax on early distributions from traditional and Roth IRAs unless an exception applies.", "In 2001, before he is age 59 1/2, Paul withdraws $10,000 from the Roth IRA. Paul will have no tax to pay on this withdrawal because he paid income taxes on the full $20,000 he converted in 1998; however, he WILL have to pay a 10% penalty (or $1,000) unless one of the IRA early withdrawal exceptions apply. Because, for a Roth IRA, you have met the five tax-year exception on the converted funds and therefore dodge the 10% penalty on these distributions. But, there is no five-tax-year exception for a traditional IRA." ], "url": [ "https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc557.html", "http://financialducksinarow.com/2930/exceptions-to-the-ira-early-withdrawal-penalty/", "http://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/slideshows/10-ways-to-avoid-the-ira-early-withdrawal-penalty", "http://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/articles/2013/09/23/11-ways-to-avoid-the-ira-early-withdrawal-penalty", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8181916_ira-penalty-early-withdrawal.html", "http://www.fool.com/money/allaboutiras/allaboutiras07.htm", "http://financialducksinarow.com/6356/exceptions-to-the-10-early-withdrawal-penalty-from-iras-and-401ks/", "https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc557.html", "http://www.fool.com/money/allaboutiras/allaboutiras07.htm" ] }

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[ "Use the proper cement/concrete mixture to build your cinder block enclosure. 2 The mortar you use will determine the durability and strength of your gun vault/safe room from damage. 3 Keep a supply of battery-operated lights for your gun vault." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "A loud one. If you want a vault, it has to be a vault on all six sides-anything less is a reinforced closet. I agree with Don. The vault, or safe room I'm building in at the cottage is a nine-foot high 20-ft diameter circle inside the foundation for the lighthouse, off one corner of the basement.", "You must allow the concrete ceiling to cure prior to completing this task. Because this room will be used for personal protection as well, a constant supply of air is needed in order to use this basement gun vault for that purpose. Attach the pre-made gun vault door to the front opening of your safe room gun vault.", "For a concrete vault, you'll need to use steel reinforcing rod (rebar) spaced about 6 on the horizontal and 8 vertical -- or whatever your local code indicates for structural concrete (like your basement walls). If the local code doesn't specify, 6x8 will work as a general rule.", "This is to ensure that safety is a top priority in homes containing a variety of firearms and weapons. You can construct a quality vault to house your firearms, ammunition, and accessories in a safe place, free from the hands of unwanted users and intruders.", "I'm thinking about building a concrete vault in my basement, but not sure how thick it should be, PSI required, how to join the walls, roof, the costs, etc. I don't mind the work involved, just don't want to pay out the wazoo for a decent steel safe, and which I'll probably outgrow pretty quickly.", "Coming up with an idea and I'll try my best to explain it. I have a house with an unfinished basement with an 8 poured concrete wall. I am toying with the idea of cutting an opening for a vault door in the basement wall and making an underground vault beneath my garage floor.", "1 Use the proper cement/concrete mixture to build your cinder block enclosure. 2 The mortar you use will determine the durability and strength of your gun vault/safe room from damage. 3 Keep a supply of battery-operated lights for your gun vault.", "Tips & Warnings. 1 Use the proper cement/concrete mixture to build your cinder block enclosure. 2 The mortar you use will determine the durability and strength of your gun vault/safe room from damage. 3 Keep a supply of battery-operated lights for your gun vault." ], "url": [ "http://www.armedpolitesociety.com/index.php?action=printpage;topic=4709.0", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4600174_build-gun-vault-basement.html", "http://thefiringline.com/forums/showthread.php?t=161556", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4600174_build-gun-vault-basement.html", "http://thefiringline.com/forums/showthread.php?t=161556", "http://www.diychatroom.com/f19/building-vault-36256/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4600174_build-gun-vault-basement.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4600174_build-gun-vault-basement.html" ] }

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[ "$25,000-$50,000 per year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Toronto Star is reporting that Brian Burke will be the next president and general manager of the Toronto Maple Leafs. The team is believed to have offered Burke a six-year deal with an annual salary of approximately $3 million.", "A General / Operations Manager earns an average salary of $60,518 per year. Experience has a moderate effect on income for this job. The highest paying skills associated with this job are Budget Management, Sales Management, and Project Management.", "What is the salary for a general manager of a sonic? The average pay for a Sonic general manager is between $26K and $55K, with the average being around $40K per year.", "What is the salary of an NFL General Manager? The general manager of an NFL team is usually the highest paid employee of the club and reports to the CEO of the team. The salary of an NFL general manager is typically b … etween $1 million and $3 million dollars a year.", "The general manager of an NFL team is usually the highest paid employee of the club and reports to the CEO of the team. The salary of an NFL general manager is typically b … etween $1 million and $3 million dollars a year. 2 people found this useful.", "What is the salary of dollar general manager? General managers at Dollar General make $25,000-$50,000 per year depending upon store volume. Assistant managers make $9.00-$17.00 per hour and 3rd keys make $8.00-$13.00 per … hou", "MORE: Sharks GM wants to keep coach. The Washington Capitals and Vancouver Canucks are still in the market for a general manager with the draft less than two months away. Canucks president of hockey operations Trevor Linden said Thursday that he plans to start interviewing candidates next week." ], "url": [ "http://hfboards.hockeysfuture.com/showthread.php?t=946943", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=General_%2f_Operations_Manager/Salary", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_salary_of_a_hockey_general_manager", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Average_salary_of_NHL_General_Manager", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_salary_of_a_hockey_general_manager", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Average_salary_of_NHL_General_Manager", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nhl/columnist/allen/2014/05/02/nhl-rising-gm-candidates/8633489/" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Metoprolol is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious", "A: Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL) is classified in a class of drugs called beta-blockers. Beta-blockers are used to treat angina (chest pain) and hypertension (high blood pressure). Beta-blockers are also used to treat or prevent heart attack. Metoprolol ER (metoprolol succinate, extended release) is in a drug class called beta blockers. Metoprolol ER is used alone or combined with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Metoprolol ER is also used for the long-term management of angina. Metoprolol ER is also used to treat heart failure.", "It is used to treat angina (chest pain), hypertension (high blood pressure), and to treat or prevent heart attack. Some of the side effects that may be experienced with metoprolol include: low blood pressure, slow heart rate, rash or itching, shortness of breath, dizziness, drowsiness, and depression. Metoprolol ER (metoprolol succinate, extended release) is in a drug class called beta blockers. Metoprolol ER is used alone or combined with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Metoprolol ER is also used for the long-term management of angina. Metoprolol ER is also used to treat heart failure.", "A: Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL) is a blood pressure medication categorized as a beta blocker. Metoprolol is indicated for the treatment of angina (chest pain) and hypertension (high blood pressure). It is also used to treat or prevent heart attack. Metoprolol ER (metoprolol succinate, extended release) is in a drug class called beta blockers. Metoprolol ER is used alone or combined with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Metoprolol ER is also used for the long-term management of angina. Metoprolol ER is also used to treat heart failure.", "Uses. This medication is a beta-blocker used to treat chest pain (angina), heart failure, and high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. ", "Indications and Usage. Metoprolol is typically used to treat high blood pressure or angina. You may also be prescribed Metoprolol to reduce the pain that occurs after surviving a heart attack. It is not uncommon to see this medication combined with other drugs such as beta blockers to help relax the blood vessels and slow the heart rate. If you notice any hives, swelling, difficulty breathing or itchiness while taking your prescription, contact your doctor right away to determine whether or not you should keep taking Metoprolol. Other common side effects of Metoprolol include stomach pain, vomiting heartburn, constipation, dry mouth, gas or bloating.", "Metoprolol (Lopressor) is in a class of drugs called beta-blockers. Beta-blockers are used to treat chest pain (angina) and high blood pressure (hypertension). Beta-blockers are also used to treat or prevent heart attack. Metoprolol ER (metoprolol succinate, extended release) is in a drug class called beta blockers. Metoprolol ER is used alone or combined with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Metoprolol ER is also used for the long-term management of angina. Metoprolol ER is also used to treat heart failure.", "Fewer metoprolol-treated patients in the MIAMI trial were given narcotic analgesics (49% of the placebo patients vs 44% of the metoprolol patients, p less than 0.001), nitrates (55% vs 53%, p = 0.10) and calcium-channel blockers (12% vs 9%, p less than 0.001). A multivariate analysis disclosed that site of suspected infarction, delay time, entry systolic blood pressure and metoprolol treatment all had a significant effect on the use of narcotic analgesics. There was a nonsignificant tendency for heart rate to be of importance.", "Uses. Metoprolol is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. This medication is also used to treat chest pain (angina) and to improve survival after a heart attack. Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious" ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-11207/metoprolol-tartrate-oral/details", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/metoprolol", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/metoprolol", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/metoprolol", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-9548/toprol-xl-oral/details", "http://www.md-health.com/Metoprolol.html", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/metoprolol", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2865890", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-11207/metoprolol-tartrate-oral/details" ] }

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[ "If you’re a co-worker or a distant family friend or relative: $75 to $100. If you’re a relative or friend of the bride or groom: $100 to $125. If you’re a close relative or a close friend: $100-$150+" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Anja Winikka: How much you give really depends on your relationship with the bride and groom. Here’s a useful breakdown: If you’re a co-worker or a distant family friend or relative: $75 to $100. If you’re a relative or friend of the bride or groom: $100 to $125. If you’re a close relative or a close friend: $100-$150+.", "How to Buy the Perfect Wedding Gift. Wedding etiquette tips on how much you should give from Jessica Silvester, Senior Editor of New York Magazine. 1 2  3:11 Now watching Up next How to Save Money on Dental Procedures A health savings expert shares research and negotiating tips to reduce your bill.", "Couples spent an average $220 per guest at weddings in 2013, according to TheKnot.com, including $66 on food alone. But all of our experts agreed that basing the cost of your gift on how much you think the couple is spending on food and entertainment is an antiquated notion.", "It's a bad idea to use the price-per-plate as a measure for how much you should spend on the wedding gift, says Jessica Silvester, a deputy editor and wedding expert with New York magazine.", "If you’re part of the wedding party, how much should you give for the gift? “ Given that if you’re part of the wedding, you’re already spending quite a deal of money on the event, from clothing to showers, as well as tons of time and effort,” says Gottsman.", "“It's a bad idea to use the price-per-plate as a measure for how much you should spend on the wedding gift,” says Jessica Silvester, a deputy editor and wedding expert with New York magazine.", "We just don't know how much we are expected to spend on a wedding gift. Unfortunately, there's no simple answer and no set amount you should spend (or amount you should give if gifting cash). The amount you spend is dependent upon your budget and relationship with the wedding couple (or their parents).", "1 1  2:28 Now watching Up next How to Buy the Perfect Wedding Gift Wedding etiquette tips on how much you should give from Jessica Silvester, Senior Editor of New York Magazine.", "Money is also a common gift at a Hindu wedding, and as with a Jewish wedding, there is a particular number theme in Hindu culture. Numbers ending in one are considered lucky, so it is best to give money in these denominations; for example, a gift of $101, $151 or $201." ], "url": [ "http://stylecaster.com/wedding-gift-etiquette/", "http://finance.yahoo.com/news/how-much-to-spend-on-a-wedding-gift--8-rules-to-live-by-200227304.html", "http://finance.yahoo.com/news/how-much-to-spend-on-a-wedding-gift--8-rules-to-live-by-200227304.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/cheryl-seidel-/post_9474_b_7455892.html", "http://time.com/money/3919175/wedding-gift-giving-guide/", "http://finance.yahoo.com/news/how-much-to-spend-on-a-wedding-gift--8-rules-to-live-by-200227304.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/cheryl-seidel-/post_9474_b_7455892.html", "http://finance.yahoo.com/news/how-much-to-spend-on-a-wedding-gift--8-rules-to-live-by-200227304.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dana-holmes/cultural-wedding-gifts_b_2688362.html" ] }

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[ "You generally have 30 days to respond to an audit notice." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Types of IRS Audit Notices. If you are ever audited (knock-on-wood) you will receive an audit notice from the IRS. There are different types of audits and, therefore, different ways to respond to audit notices. Ignoring these notices is the wrong response. This page: • Describes the two types of IRS", "If you do not respond within 30 days then the IRS will send a notice that your case is considered not agreed and if you will have only 30 more days to file for an appeal or the IRS findings will become final.", "If you are ever audited (knock-on-wood) you will receive an audit notice from the IRS. There are different types of audits and, therefore, different ways to respond to audit notices. Ignoring these notices is the wrong response. This page: • Describes the two types of IRS", "Don't ignore the notice. You generally have 30 days to respond to an audit notice. If you don't respond, the IRS can take action, such as automatically adjusting your tax liability, and the next correspondence you'll receive is a bill. Read and follow" ], "url": [ "http://www.taxesindepth.com/audit-notices.html", "http://www.taxdebthelp.com/tax-problems/tax-audit/audit-process", "http://www.taxesindepth.com/audit-notices.html", "http://www.fool.com/personal-finance/taxes/how-to-survive-an-irs-audit.aspx" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In the UK... In the UK, the descriptors as to what constitutes an Undergraduate / Bachelors Degree and a Graduate (Master's or Doctoral) degree is set by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA) in their document The framework for higher education qualifications in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Thus, the graduate study is advanced course work which follows undergraduate course work. An undergraduate degree is awarded for the completion of 2 years (associates) or 4 years (bachelors) of college level study. A graduate degree is awarded after attending graduate school.", "Report Abuse. foundation is a foundation degree, two years, undergraduate is when you don't have a degree, but you are in the process of getting a degree and postgraduate is when you have a degree and you are doing something more. Tom · 3 years ago. Thumbs up. 0.", "An undergraduate degree (also called first degree, bachelor's degree or simply degree) is a colloquial term for an academic degree taken by a person who has completed undergraduate courses. It is usually offered at an institution of higher education, such as a university. The most common type of this degree is the bachelor's degree, which typically takes at least three or four years to complete.", "Foundation degree. Some universities offer two-year foundation degrees with the same entry requirements as Bachelor s degrees. These are work-based qualifications that are designed to provide the higher level of skills that employers need by combining work experience with the academic study of a degree programme.", "Bachelor s degree. A first degree, leading to a Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science (BSc) or equivalent, is gained after three or more years studying at university or a similar institution. Find out more about costs and the application process for undergraduate qualifications. Some universities offer two-year foundation degrees with the same entry requirements as Bachelor s degrees. These are work-based qualifications that are designed to provide the higher level of skills that employers need by combining work experience with the academic study of a degree programme.", "A Foundation Degree is a higher education qualification in its own right. In addition, it is also equivalent to the first two years at university, and there is an option to extend the qualification into a full honours degree. To apply for a Foundation Degree you must apply through the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). If you are applying to study at one of our partner colleges you must enter the relevant campus code on the UCAS application: 1 Bishop Auckland College: C. 2 City of Sunderland College: K. 3 East Durham College: P.", "A foundation degree is a vocational qualification in higher education, introduced by the government of the United Kingdom in September 2001, which is available in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. A further important difference is that Foundation Degrees, as originally conceived, were to give students with substantial industry experience the opportunity to frame what they knew against appropriate academic perspectives, and were to be accessible by students in work. .", "Foundation Degrees are developed directly with employers. They provide the work skills relevant to a particular sector of industry or public service, and are an excellent way to combine critical thinking and academic skills with practical experience. To apply for a Foundation Degree you must apply through the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). If you are applying to study at one of our partner colleges you must enter the relevant campus code on the UCAS application: 1 Bishop Auckland College: C. 2 City of Sunderland College: K. 3 East Durham College: P.", "It is common for Foundation degree holders to top-up to a full Honours Degree award, which typically involves one further year of full-time study (longer for part-time study). A further important difference is that Foundation Degrees, as originally conceived, were to give students with substantial industry experience the opportunity to frame what they knew against appropriate academic perspectives, and were to be accessible by students in work. .", "A foundation degree is a 2 year degree. Most persons 'top up' this degree with the full undergraduate degree. You don't need to do either of the two if you have the appropriate qualifications for an undergraduate degree An undergraduate degree is a Bachelors degree. This is usually a 3 year degree. foundation is a foundation degree, two years, undergraduate is when you don't have a degree, but you are in the process of getting a degree and postgraduate is when you have a degree and you are doing something more. Tom · 3 years ago. Thumbs up. 0." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_an_undergraduate_and_a_graduate_degree", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20121212091805AAujPez", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undergraduate_degree", "http://www.gostudyuk.com/study.jsp?id=STUDY_QUALIFICATIONS_UNDERGRADUATE", "http://www.gostudyuk.com/study.jsp?id=STUDY_QUALIFICATIONS_UNDERGRADUATE", "http://www.sunderland.ac.uk/ug/foundationdegreesfaqs/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_degree", "http://www.sunderland.ac.uk/ug/foundationdegreesfaqs/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_degree", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20121212091805AAujPez" ] }

[]

[ "12 hours" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How often can I change my forwarding information? As often as you need to. How long does it take for the URL Forwarding to take effect and point my domain name to my existing website? When you activate URL Forwarding associated with your domain name, it will begin to point to your website within 12 hours. If it is a newly register domain name (within 72 hours), please allow 24~72 hours for the URL Forwarding to begin working.", "For newly registered domain names, it may take up to 12 36 hours for your Web Forwarding to be activated. For domain names that have been registered for 36 hours or more, it generally takes up to 12 hours for your Web Forwarding to be activated. Related Articles. How To Turn The Masking Feature On And Off.", "This article applies to 123-reg Domain names. This article will explain how you can add a 301 (Permanent) Web forwarding to your domain name. Please Note: You will need to allow up to 24 hours for the DNS changes to take effect. Firstly, you need to ensure your domain is pointed to our nameservers: 1 ns.123-reg.co.uk." ], "url": [ "http://www.domainprocessor.com/help/urlforward.asp", "http://customersupport.networksolutions.com/article.php?id=102&action=print", "https://www.123-reg.co.uk/support/answers/Domains-Archive/Web-Forwarding/how-do-i-add-301-permanent-web-forwarding-2520/" ] }

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[ "12 and 17 months" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Quoted: 0 Post(s). My dd is just starting to get her 2 year molars now and all the other kiddies her age seem to already have them. It depends on how quickly they've grown their other teeth I think. My neighbor's kid pops her teeth through in a week, my dd takes weeks and weeks to get her teeth in. It's excrutiating. Ds's molars were swollen for about 2 weeks before the top 2 poked through. Then the bottom 2 came through about 10 days later. They're still not all the way in, but at least the pain has stopped.", "Best Answer: depends on if you're talking about baby teeth, permanent teeth, of wisdom teeth.... go to the link below. Source(s): http://kidshealth.org/kid/body/teeth_noS... lizdylan2003 · 9 years ago. ", "DD's first molars took about 2 weeks to come thru, she got all 4 at once. Not fun. She is due to get her next set soon i think but i dont expect it to be too bad as she got her eye teeth not long ago without a problem. Edited by White-Lily, 31 August 2010 - 04:44 PM. I'm not really sure about DD's first molars, she got all four of them within the space of a few weeks but I'm not sure how long they were coming from. The front top teeth and canines seemed to take the longest, whereas the molars just sort of appeared out of nowhere.", "My 12 year molars didn't come in until I was almost 18. I had my braces off several years before that. Also you could ask your orthodontist about an xray to determine the status of your molars. If you go six months or more without any adjustments to your braces then they should come off. ", "My son is going to be 14 months and his top, bottom molars, and top incisors have been coming in for at least 2 months now. But all kids teeth differently. My nephew's seemed to come in in a week but my other nephew was months. How long does it take a baby to cut their bottom molars? My daughter is 12.5 months old and 3 days ago became VERY fussy (which is totally out of character).", "My little boy is 25 months and has just started teething with his last lot of teeth called secondary molars I believe how long do they take to come through? He is in a lot of pain when eating and last night he woke up 4 times which is very unusual and he also slept during the day again very unusual. Best Answer: I'll be watching with interest. My 24 month old daughter has started cutting her two year molars, too. It seems like she takes weeks and weeks to cut a molar and it's a very off-again / on-again process.", "Confidence votes 160. Second set of baby teeth molars usually come in around age two. As to how long it actually takes for them to fully erupt-each kid is different. They just appeared with my first child. With my second, it took weeks. ", "Behind the canines are two sets of molars, the first and second molars. These usually are the last to come in. Every child is different, so there is no one-size-fits-all guidelines for the length of time it takes for molars to come through. Instead, a time frame range can help you judge your child's situation. The upper and lower first molars begin between 12 and 17 months. They will be fully in between 27 and 32 months. The upper second molars begin to erupt between 24 and 33 months and will finish between 38 and 48 months. The lower second molars come in between 24 and 36 months and will be set between 34 and 48 months. Start and Duration. Every child is different, so there is no one-size-fits-all guidelines for the length of time it takes for molars to come through. Instead, a time frame range can help you judge your child's situation. The upper and lower first molars begin between 12 and 17 months." ], "url": [ "http://www.mothering.com/forum/31-life-toddler/443153-how-long-does-take-molars-come.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061220084558AAHnpEa", "http://www.essentialbaby.com.au/forums/index.php?/topic/823487-how-long-for-molars-to-erupt/", "https://ph.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070828141451AAfKDJM", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100619184300AAyt1iH", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090926112327AAESteY", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_for_2nd_year_back_molars_to_come_in", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/513635-how-long-does-it-take-for-a-baby-to-cut-molars/" ] }

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[ "Human-related and natural sources. Human-related activities include fossil fuel production, animal husbandry, rice cultivation, biomass burning, and waste management.", "Methane is emitted from a variety of both human-related (anthropogenic) and natural sources. Human-related activities include fossil fuel production, animal husbandry (enteric fermentation in livestock and manure management), rice cultivation, biomass burning, and waste management." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Methane is the dominant component in natural gas. But at 29%, the oil and natural gas industry is actually not the largest source of methane emissions. The top producer is the agricultural sector, specifically the manure, belches and flatulence that comes from livestock, mainly cattle. Methane is a greenhouse gas that is colorless, odorless and can be flammable. After carbon dioxide, it’s the second most prevalent greenhouse gas emitted in the U.S. by human activities and accounts for about 9% of such gases, according to EPA.", "Methane is emitted from a variety of both human-related (anthropogenic) and natural sources. Human-related activities include fossil fuel production, animal husbandry (enteric fermentation in livestock and manure management), rice cultivation, biomass burning, and waste management. Also, the implementation of technologies to capture and utilize methane from sources such as landfills, coal mines, and manure management systems affects the emission levels from these sources. Emission inventories are prepared to determine the contribution from different sources.", "Methane is produced in environments with little or no oxygen by bacteria that feast on decomposing organic matter, such as grasses and wood. Almost half of the world’s methane comes from natural sources such as wetlands, rivers and streams, gas hydrates on the ocean floor, and permafrost. ", "Human-related Sources. In the United States, the largest methane emissions come from the decomposition of wastes in landfills, ruminant digestion and manure management associated with domestic livestock, natural gas and oil systems, and coal mining. Also, the implementation of technologies to capture and utilize methane from sources such as landfills, coal mines, and manure management systems affects the emission levels from these sources. Emission inventories are prepared to determine the contribution from different sources.", "Methane (/ˈmɛθeɪn/ or /ˈmiːθeɪn/) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4 (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen). Methane can be produced by hydrogenating carbon dioxide through the Sabatier process. Methane is also a side product of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide in the Fischer-Tropsch process.", "The question being: Where does this methane come from? The answer matters because this methane eventually makes its way into the atmosphere, where it readily traps heat, giving it a 20-fold greater impact on climate change than carbon dioxide, pound for pound. ", "Methane is formed as a byproduct of the coal formation. The methane that is adsorbed in the coal is released as the coal is mined or it migrates from surrounding sources above or below the coal seam through fractures created by the coal extraction process. ", "For example, temperature and moisture have a significant effect on the anaerobic digestion process, which is one of the key biological processes that cause methane emissions in both human-related and natural sources. Also, the implementation of technologies to capture and utilize methane from sources such as landfills, coal mines, and manure management systems affects the emission levels from these sources. Emission inventories are prepared to determine the contribution from different sources.", "Above image shows some methane on the right, over the Atlantic Ocean, which appears to originate from these wildfires and is visible in that location due to the Coriolis effect. The image below, picturing the situation on August 1, 2013, p.m., shows a lot of methane over Russia and elsewhere in Europe and Asia. Again, the methane on the left of Europe appears to originate from wildfires in North America. High levels of methane are recorded in many places on the Northern Hemisphere, and there is also a lot over the Southern Hemisphere, as illustrated by the image below" ], "url": [ "http://blogs.wsj.com/briefly/2015/01/14/5-questions-about-methane-emissions/", "http://www.arizonaenergy.org/Data/where_does_methane_come_from.htm", "http://thinkglobalgreen.org/METHANE.html", "http://www.arizonaenergy.org/Data/where_does_methane_come_from.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane", "http://www.popsci.com/article/science/where-does-oceanic-methane-come-seas-most-abundant-organism", "http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/features/coalmineexplosion.html", "http://www.arizonaenergy.org/Data/where_does_methane_come_from.htm", "http://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/where-does-the-methane-come-from.html" ] }

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[ "It is a grammatical construction (specifically, a voice). The noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence (such as Our troops defeated the enemy) appears as the subject of a sentence with passive voice." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "ACTIVE / PASSIVE VOICE. In most English sentences with an action verb, the subject performs the action denoted by the verb. These examples show that the subject is doing the verb's action. Because the subject does or acts upon the verb in such sentences, the sentences are said to be in the active voice.", "Image Caption: This is an example of the passive voice. Image Caption: The subject of the passive voice sentence performs the action expressed in the verb in this example. Reasons to Generally Avoid Passive Voice. Sometimes the use of passive voice can create awkward sentences, as in the last example above. In a sentence using passive voice, the subject is acted upon; he or she receives the action expressed by the verb. The agent performing the action may appear in a by the... phrase or may be omitted. Image Caption: The dog is acting upon the sentence subject (the boy), meaning it uses", "Verbals in Passive Structures Verbals or verb forms can also take on features of the passive voice. An infinitive phrase in the passive voice, for instance, can perform various functions within a sentence (just like the active forms of the infinitive). Subject: To be elected by my peers is a great honor. The passive forms of a verb are created by combining a form of the to be verb with the past participle of the main verb. Other helping verbs are also sometimes present: The measure. in committee.. The passive can be used, also, in various tenses.", "Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also have active forms and passive forms.. You must learn to recognize the difference to successfully speak English. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.", "The passive voice is a grammatical construction (specifically, a voice). The noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence (such as Our troops defeated the enemy) appears as the subject of a sentence with passive voice (e.g. The enemy was defeated by our troops). A sentence featuring the passive voice is sometimes called a passive sentence, and a verb phrase in passive voice is sometimes called a passive verb. English allows a number of passive constructions which are not possible in many of the other languages with similar passive formation.", "Passive and Active Voices. Verbs are also said to be either active (The executive committee. the new policy) or passive (The new policy. by the executive committee) in. . In the active voice, the subject and verb relationship is straightforward: the subject is a be-er or a do-er and the verb moves the sentence along. In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence is neither a do-er or a be-er, but is acted upon by some other agent or by something unnamed (The new policy was approved). The passive forms of a verb are created by combining a form of the to be verb with the past participle of the main verb. Other helping verbs are also sometimes present: The measure. in committee.. The passive can be used, also, in various tenses.", "The passive voice is used when we want to emphasize the action (the verb) and the object of a sentence rather than subject. This means that the subject is either less important than the action itself or that we don’t know who or what the subject is. ", "In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action. [Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]. Examples:", "The passive voice is a specific grammatical construction; the essential components, in English, are a form of the auxiliary verb be (or sometimes get) and the past participle of the main verb denoting the action. A sentence featuring the passive voice is sometimes called a passive sentence, and a verb phrase in passive voice is sometimes called a passive verb. English allows a number of passive constructions which are not possible in many of the other languages with similar passive formation.", "Use of Passive. Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action. Example: My bike was stolen. In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it" ], "url": [ "http://www.towson.edu/ows/activepass.htm", "https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/539/03/", "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/passive.htm", "http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_tense", "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/passive.htm", "http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/verbs/passive-voice/", "http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_tense", "https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive" ] }

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[ "Barrier for the cell" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Plasma Membrane. All living cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have a plasma membrane that encloses their contents and serves as a semi-porous barrier to the outside environment. The membrane acts as a boundary, holding the cell constituents together and keeping other substances from entering. The plasma membrane is permeable to specific molecules, however, and allows nutrients and other essential elements to enter the cell and waste materials to leave the cell.", "Cell Membrane. The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is a thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell. Its function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing certain substances into the cell, while keeping other substances out. It also serves as a base of attachment for the cytoskeleton in some organisms and the cell wall in others. Thus the cell membrane also serves to help support the cell and help maintain its shape. Animal cells, plant cells, prokaryotic cells, and fungal cells have cell membranes.", "Active Transport. Endocytosis and Exocytosis. The Structure of the Cell Membrane The cell membrane (or plasma membrane) surrounds all living cells, and is the cell's most important organelle. It controls how substances can move in and out of the cell and is responsible for many other properties of the cell as well", "The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. ", "Cell Membrane. The cell membrane surrounds the cell. This membrane acts like a barrier for the cell, meaning that it allows only certain things to pass in or out of the cell but not everything. Each organelle inside a Eukaryotic cell is also surrounded by a membrane. These membranes serve as a selective barrier for the organelles. ", "By Regina Bailey. Definition: The cell membrane is a thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosing its contents. Its function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing certain substances into the cell, while keeping other substances out. ", "The cell membrane allows things to go in and out of the cell...... It is said to be called the gatekeeper. Plasma membrane---separates the cell from its surrounding enviro … nment. Molecules of the cell membrane are arranged in a sheet. The mosaic of molecules is fluid; that is, the molecules are able to float around slowly (like islands in the sea). A cell membrane protects a cell by controlling what substances go in and out of the cell. It lets good products go inside, but harmful products go out, which is basically prot … ecting the cell. Think about a cell membrane as immigration or border patrol.", "Plasma membrane---separates the cell from its surrounding enviro … nment. Molecules of the cell membrane are arranged in a sheet. The mosaic of molecules is fluid; that is, the molecules are able to float around slowly (like islands in the sea). If the Cell is a plant Cell, the Cell membrane is inside of the Cell wall. It is semi-permeable, so water can move freely into and out of the cell. Nutrient particles and gas exchange occur where some molecules enter and waste products leave through the Cell membrane.", "The cell membrane acts like a fluid because of its phospholipid bilayer. Phospholipids are designed in such a way that they are prevented from packing tightly together allowin … g molecules to drift around in the membrane. This is commonly called fluid mosaic. 1 person found this useful. If the Cell is a plant Cell, the Cell membrane is inside of the Cell wall. It is semi-permeable, so water can move freely into and out of the cell. Nutrient particles and gas exchange occur where some molecules enter and waste products leave through the Cell membrane." ], "url": [ "http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plasmamembrane/plasmamembrane.html", "http://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/ss/cell-membrane.htm", "http://biologymad.com/cells/cellmembrane.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_membrane", "https://prezi.com/kd_mwafruu3w/sunflower-cell/", "http://biology.about.com/od/biologydictionary/g/cell-membrane.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_cell_membrane_do_for_a_cell", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_cell_membrane_act_as", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_cell_membrane_act_as" ] }

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[ "T cells, aggregated platelets, and smooth muscle cells." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Credit: Tomboy2290 | Dreamstime. It’s common knowledge that too much cholesterol and other fats can lead to disease, and that a healthy diet involves watching how much fatty food we eat. However, our bodies need a certain amount of fat to function—and we can’t make it from scratch. Triglycerides, cholesterol and other essential fatty acids—the scientific term for fats the body can’t make on its own—store energy, insulate us and protect our vital organs. ", "If you take in more calories than you burn, you will gain weight. It does not matter what the extra calories are composed of, 3500 calories is a pound. Protein contain … s 4 calories per gram, Carbohydrates contain 4 calories per gram, and Fat contains 9 calories per gram. 6 people found this useful. Fats and Proteins are two separate nutrients.Proteins - (amino acids) essential to growth and repair of muscle and other body tissues. Fats - (fatty acids) one source of energy and important in relation to fat soluble vitamins.", "Virtually all natural foods contain some fat. It is in foods because both plants and animals use fats as the most economical way to store energy. It is needed for their growth, development and function when there is a shortage of food supply (or a shortage of sunlight in the case of plants). Certain specific dietary fats have other essential functions. We are much like other animals so we do actually need some fat from our diet to survive. Fat has had bad press, to the extent that some foods are designed and marketed as ‘fat-free’. But it isn’t all bad. In fact, getting some fat from our diet is absolutely vital. In this section, you will find out what fats are, why we need them, what they do for us and where we find them in our foods.", "1 A source of energy – Our body uses the fat we eat, and fats we make from other nutrients in our bodies, to provide the energy for most of our life-functions. 2 Energy store – The extra calories that we consume, but do not need to use immediately, are stored for future use in special fat cells (adipose tissue). Fat has had bad press, to the extent that some foods are designed and marketed as ‘fat-free’. But it isn’t all bad. In fact, getting some fat from our diet is absolutely vital. In this section, you will find out what fats are, why we need them, what they do for us and where we find them in our foods.", "Fats serve both as energy sources for the body, and as stores for energy in excess of what the body needs immediately. Each gram of fat when burned or metabolized releases about 9 food calories (37 kJ = 8.8 kcal). Fats are broken down in the healthy body to release their constituents, glycerol and fatty acids. There are many different kinds of fats, but each is a variation on the same chemical structure. All fats are derivatives of fatty acids and glycerol. The fat molecules are called triglycerides (triesters of glycerol).", "Omega-3 fatty acids are a good source of lignans -- compounds that may have a weak estrogen effect. When a weak estrogen-like substance takes the place of your body’s natural strong estrogen in a breast cell’s estrogen receptor, then the weak substance can act as a relative anti-estrogen. The highest concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids are found in coldwater fish, such as sardines, salmon, herring, tuna, cod, mackerel, halibut, and shark. These fatty acids are also found in lower concentrations in plant foods such as flaxseed, walnuts, Great Northern beans, kidney beans, navy beans, and soybeans.", "A fatty streak is the first grossly visible (visible to the naked eye) lesion in the development of atherosclerosis. It appears as an irregular yellow-white discoloration on the luminal surface of an artery. Fatty streaks may also include T cells, aggregated platelets, and smooth muscle cells. It is the precursor lesion of atheromas that may become atheromatous plaques. Almost all children older than 10 in developed countries have fatty streaks, with coronary fatty streaks beginning in adolescence.", "Fat is one of the three main macronutrients: fat, carbohydrate, and protein. Fats, also known as triglycerides, are esters of three fatty acid chains and the alcohol glycerol. The terms oil , fat, and lipid are often confused. There are many different kinds of fats, but each is a variation on the same chemical structure. All fats are derivatives of fatty acids and glycerol. The fat molecules are called triglycerides (triesters of glycerol).", "Trans fat should be avoided. Most foods contain a mix of unsaturated and saturated fats. We should try to eat foods low in saturated and trans fats while focusing on foods with higher levels of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat. The following chart can help you choose better sources of fat. There are different types of fat, including saturated fats and unsaturated fats. Saturated fats are normally solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid. Saturated fats and trans fatty acids (trans fats) are associated with negative health effects, including heart disease." ], "url": [ "http://www.livescience.com/9109-fats-body.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Does_fat_have_protein", "http://www.eatbalanced.com/why-eat-balanced/why-do-we-need-fat/", "http://www.eatbalanced.com/why-eat-balanced/why-do-we-need-fat/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat", "http://www.breastcancer.org/tips/nutrition/reduce_risk/foods/omega3s", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_streak", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat", "http://www.myfooddiary.com/resources/nutrient_facts/nutrient_fat.asp" ] }

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[ "Rock fish ceviche and wonderful Cuban panini." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Novo Restaurant offers American and Asian cuisine, including a mixed lettuce salad with goat cheese and local apples, left. Ample outdoor seating, above, is part of the scene at the restaurant, and the patio offers a view of San Luis Obispo Creek. Yet it's also an ironic blend of old school and hip - bitchy is used on the wine list. Good choices for food include the rock fish ceviche ($13) and a wonderful Cuban panini ($14) with braised pork, cheddar and peppers. 1126 Morro St., San Luis Obispo; (805) 544-9110. www.granadahotelandbistro.com. Full bar.", "Where to eat. San Luis Obispo may be a small town, but the selection of cuisine and restaurants is not. It's not uncommon to see local chefs wandering around the famous Thursday Night Farmer's Market in downtown SLO buying up fresh produce and meats from our local farmers for their menus. Hey, this is a SLO original. Yep, first one right here in SLO. Jamba Juice's first store is on Chorro Street near the Cal Poly campus. Jamba is good any time of the day.17 Chorro St., SLO.", "Back to Gallery. San Luis Obispo -- A friend joked that the dining scene is San Luis Obispo is SLO food, meaning you won't find Michelin stars but you will encounter wonderful comfort food, locally sourced ingredients, fun servers and some eye-catching locations. Yet it's also an ironic blend of old school and hip - bitchy is used on the wine list. Good choices for food include the rock fish ceviche ($13) and a wonderful Cuban panini ($14) with braised pork, cheddar and peppers. 1126 Morro St., San Luis Obispo; (805) 544-9110. www.granadahotelandbistro.com. Full bar.", "That is why is it necessary to eat treats that are low in calories, and contain some kind of nutrients. San Luis Obispo is home to a few frozen yogurt shops such as, Bali’s (949 Higuera St.), Yogurt Creations (1075 Court St.) and Country Culture Yogurt (746 Higuera St.). Cooking takes a lot of effort, especially when trying to eat healthy and prepare delicious meals. In addition, cooking for a family means that there are many needs that have to be met, which can add stress and a lot of pressure. Luckily, San Luis Obispo offers quite a few catering services.", "I was in heaven to find sauteed veal liver ($28) with bacon and a hearty Cabernet reduction and mashed potatoes with creme crème. Fraiche fraîche on the, other hand the (searedahi) $ 32 offers a. lighter Choice 998., Monterey St San; (luis) obispo-805. 783.1135.www. Epkoberl com. full bar Yet it's also an ironic blend of old school and hip - bitchy is used on the wine list. Good choices for food include the rock fish ceviche ($13) and a wonderful Cuban panini ($14) with braised pork, cheddar and peppers. 1126 Morro St., San Luis Obispo; (805) 544-9110. www.granadahotelandbistro.com. Full bar.", "Posted by BJones in Uncategorized and tagged with 19 metro, cal poly, cal poly food, campus dining, central coast, curbside grill, eatatslos, food, jamba juice, lucys, on campus dining, restaurant, San Luis, san luis obispo, SLO, student, students, the avenue 10/18/2011. Runner-up for best Mexican food in SLO county, Chilie Peppers enjoys a wide following with Cal Poly students partially because of one of the restaurant’s location right off Foothill and Santa Rosa. The other location is on Broad and South street, and is, in my opinion, clearly the better of the two.", "In addition to great products, Farmers’ offers residents with a fun experience in downtown SLO, “Farmers’ Market is a great place to walk around with your friends and get a delicious bite to eat,” said Mary Mateus, fourth year Cal Poly student. Bike Night is a great way to see SLO at night, and to meet a lot of fun, interesting people. During the summer, thousands of SLO residents meet in the plaza in downtown SLO for Concerts in the Plaza. This event is every Friday night, during the summer, from 5.30 to 7.30pm. Check out the SLO Downtown Association for other events and information about San Luis Obispo", "There are seven sushi bars in SLO, each with its own style. In Sumo Sushi, you don’t see a lot of Japanese cultural things around. Sumo doesn’t give a crap whether it has a “traditional” or “authentic” atmosphere, they just want you to eat the food. Runner-up for best Mexican food in SLO county, Chilie Peppers enjoys a wide following with Cal Poly students partially because of one of the restaurant’s location right off Foothill and Santa Rosa. The other location is on Broad and South street, and is, in my opinion, clearly the better of the two." ], "url": [ "http://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/Where-to-eat-in-San-Luis-Obispo-5112058.php", "http://www.slomarathon.com/slo-life/where-to-eat", "http://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/Where-to-eat-in-San-Luis-Obispo-5112058.php", "https://sloeating.wordpress.com/", "http://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/Where-to-eat-in-San-Luis-Obispo-5112058.php", "https://eatatslos.wordpress.com/", "https://sloeating.wordpress.com/page/2/", "https://eatatslos.wordpress.com/" ] }

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[ "Its located in the front of the thigh." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Exercises for a Torn Quad. Your quadriceps muscles are in the front of the thigh. Photo Credit Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images. Your quadriceps or quad muscles are located on the front of your thigh and help you extend and straighten your leg. A quadriceps tear is a serious injury that prohibits you from moving the lower leg and requires surgery. ", "Anatomy Chart courtesy of FCIT. The Quadriceps are a group of four muscles that sit on the anterior or front aspect of the thigh. They are the Vastus Medialis, Intermedius and Lateralis and finally the Rectus Femoris. The Quadriceps attach to the front of the tibia and originate at the top of the femur. ", "The quadriceps are located at the anteri … or thigh. It is a muscle that reacts with hamstrings and gastrocnemius. The four muscles in this group are the rectus femoris, vastus medius, vatus lateralis, and the vastus intermedius. 1. FINDERMIND.COM. The quadriceps is the large group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. Mostly they straighten the knee. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur. It is the strongest and leanest muscle in the human body", "Your quadriceps muscles are located on the front of your thigh and extend down to just below your kneecap. Your quadriceps tendon then passes over your kneecap, connects to your patellar tendon and can be felt as bump (inserts into the tibial tuberosity) on the front of your shin just below your knee. Your sartorius muscle is a rotator of the tibia that works with your quadriceps to help straighten your knee and flex the hip.Your quadriceps muscles are trigger by your femoral nerve and artery; Quadriceps Strains. In Latin quadriceps means four heads or four muscles.", "The quadriceps are located at the anteri … or thigh. It is a muscle that reacts with hamstrings and gastrocnemius. The four muscles in this group are the rectus femoris, vastus medius, vatus lateralis, and the vastus intermedius. The location of the quadriceps is in the upper thigh area kind of by the hip abductors and the anatomical position of the quadriceps is flex-ion. It is located in the front of … he upper thigh above the knee.", "Quadriceps. The quadriceps femoris (quadriceps, quadriceps extensor, or quads) includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur. 1. FINDERMIND.COM. The quadriceps is the large group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. Mostly they straighten the knee. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur. It is the strongest and leanest muscle in the human body", "The quadriceps and tibialis anterior are two muscles located along the front thigh and front lower leg, respectively. The quadriceps is made up of four parts: rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis and vastus lateralis. ", "Quadriceps femoris. The quadriceps femoris is a group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. The Latin translation of quadriceps is four headed, as the group contains four separate muscles: the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and the rectus femoris." ], "url": [ "http://www.livestrong.com/article/426667-exercises-for-a-torn-quad/", "http://www.fitstep.com/Advanced/Anatomy/Quadriceps.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_are_your_quadriceps", "http://www.aidmymuscle.com/quadricep-muscle/quadricep-strains.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_location_of_the_quadricep", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_are_your_quadriceps", "http://healthyliving.azcentral.com/work-quadriceps-tibialis-anterior-muscle-2933.html", "http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/quadriceps" ] }

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[ "No." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Covered entities may disclose protected health information in cases where the law requires such disclosures, but only to the extent that such disclosure is required by law and the disclosure complies with and is limited to the relevant requirements of such law. Therefore, covered entities usually require a valid patient authorization, pursuant to section 164.508, prior to disclosing employee protected health information to an employer for purposes of FMLA and ADA. Virginia state law limits an employer’s re-disclosure of patient health information received.", "While it is generally true that HIPAA does not apply to employers simply because they collect employee health information, HIPAA will affect employers in the process of obtaining this information because HIPAA usually applies to the health care entity from which the employer is seeking the information. Covered entities may disclose protected health information in cases where the law requires such disclosures, but only to the extent that such disclosure is required by law and the disclosure complies with and is limited to the relevant requirements of such law.", "However, if an employer has any kind of health clinic operations available to employees, or provides a self-insured health plan for employees, or acts as the intermediary between its employees and health care providers, it will find itself handling the kind of PHI that is protected by the HIPAA privacy rule. In an OSHA Standards Interpretation letter dated August 2, 2004, OSHA held that the HIPAA privacy rule does not require employers to remove names of injured employees from the OSHA 300 log. This is due to the exception under HIPAA for records that are required by law.", "Some employers that are not covered entities, however, are directly subject to HIPAA for other reasons. Legislation which passed in 2009 as part of the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act, expanded HIPAA privacy and security requirements to a wide range of businesses. Now, HIPAA applies directly to businesses that receive, create, maintain, and/or transmit protected patient health information so that they can perform certain services on behalf of covered entities.", "Under HIPAA, covered entities (most health care providers, health plans, and health care clearinghouses) may disclose protected patient health information only as permitted. Now, HIPAA applies directly to businesses that receive, create, maintain, and/or transmit protected patient health information so that they can perform certain services on behalf of covered entities.", "The HIPAA privacy rule applies to covered entities, and even though employers are generally not covered entities, they are definitely affected by the rules applying to entities that are covered. In an OSHA Standards Interpretation letter dated August 2, 2004, OSHA held that the HIPAA privacy rule does not require employers to remove names of injured employees from the OSHA 300 log. This is due to the exception under HIPAA for records that are required by law.", "The intent of HIPAA in the workplace is to protect employees from sharing health information and disclosing information with people who do not legally need to know that information. Entities covered by HIPAA include health plans, health care providers and health care clearinghouses. box secret image by haruspex from Fotolia.com. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 protects the privacy of health information. In the workplace, HIPAA ensures that employee health information is not provided to parties, such as employers, without the consent of the employee. HIPAA laws protect the privacy of all past, current and future employee health-related information", "The privacy rule applies to health plans, health care clearinghouses, and health care providers. It applies to employers only to the extent that they somehow operate in one or more of those capacities. The same standards apply to covered entities in both the public and private sectors. In an OSHA Standards Interpretation letter dated August 2, 2004, OSHA held that the HIPAA privacy rule does not require employers to remove names of injured employees from the OSHA 300 log. This is due to the exception under HIPAA for records that are required by law.", "Under HIPAA, covered entities (most health care providers, health plans, and health care clearinghouses) may disclose protected patient health information only as permitted. Essentially, if HIPAA doesn’t say that a covered entity can disclose the information, they can’t. Therefore, covered entities usually require a valid patient authorization, pursuant to section 164.508, prior to disclosing employee protected health information to an employer for purposes of FMLA and ADA. Virginia state law limits an employer’s re-disclosure of patient health information received." ], "url": [ "http://www.lexisnexis.com/legalnewsroom/labor-employment/b/labor-employment-top-blogs/archive/2013/10/03/does-hipaa-apply-to-employers.aspx", "http://virginiaworkplacelaw.com/2013/10/03/does-hippa-apply-t0-employers/", "http://www.twc.state.tx.us/news/efte/hipaa_basics.html", "http://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/does-hipaa-apply-to-employers-81016/", "http://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/does-hipaa-apply-to-employers-81016/", "http://www.twc.state.tx.us/news/efte/hipaa_basics.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/hipaa-within-workplace-4855.html", "http://www.twc.state.tx.us/news/efte/hipaa_basics.html", "http://www.lexisnexis.com/legalnewsroom/labor-employment/b/labor-employment-top-blogs/archive/2013/10/03/does-hipaa-apply-to-employers.aspx" ] }

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[ "A socially defined category of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural or national experience.", "It is a socially defined category of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural or national experience." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Diffen › English Language › Grammar › Words. The traditional definition of race and ethnicity is related to biological and sociological factors respectively. Race refers to a person's physical characteristics, such as bone structure and skin, hair, or eye color. Ethnicity, however, refers to cultural factors, including nationality, regional culture, ancestry, and language. Ethnicity is state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. This is, by definition, a fluid concept; ethnic groups can be broadly or narrowly construed. For example, they can be as broad as Native American or as narrow as Cherokee .", "An ethnic group or ethnicity is a socially defined category of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural or national experience. The largest ethnic groups in modern times comprise hundreds of millions of individuals (Han Chinese being the largest), while the smallest are limited to a few dozen individuals (numerous indigenous peoples worldwide).", "Ethnicity is often assumed to be the cultural identity of a group, often based on language and tradition, while race is assumed to be a biological classification, based on DNA and bone structure. Race is a more controversial subject than ethnicity, due to its common political use. The largest ethnic groups in modern times comprise hundreds of millions of individuals (Han Chinese being the largest), while the smallest are limited to a few dozen individuals (numerous indigenous peoples worldwide).", "Definition: Ethnicity is a concept referring to a shared culture and way of life. This can be reflected in language, religion, material culture such as clothing and food, and cultural products such as music and art. Ethnicity is often a major source of social cohesion and social conflict. ", "Noun. 1. ethnicity-an ethnic quality or affiliation resulting from racial or cultural ties; ethnicity has a strong influence on community status relations. quality-an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone; the quality of mercy is not strained--Shakespeare. Translations.", "Ethnicity vs Race. Very few of us accurately describe the difference between ethnicity and race, simply because we tend to lump them into the same definition. While the dictionary can represent each of these words to be highly similar, there are differences. Ethnicity is not just a person’s race. ", ": of or relating to races or large groups of people who have the same customs, religion, origin, etc. : associated with or belonging to a particular race or group of people who have a culture that is different from the main culture of a country. ", "The term race refers to the concept of dividing people into populations or groups on the basis of various sets of physical characteristics (which usually result from genetic ancestry). Significance. Ethnicity connotes shared cultural traits and a shared group history. Ethnicity is state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. This is, by definition, a fluid concept; ethnic groups can be broadly or narrowly construed. For example, they can be as broad as Native American or as narrow as Cherokee ." ], "url": [ "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Ethnicity_vs_Race", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group", "http://sociology.about.com/od/E_Index/g/Ethnicity.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ethnicity", "http://www.differencebetween.net/science/nature/difference-between-ethnicity-and-race/", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ethnic", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Ethnicity_vs_Race" ] }

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[ "Okinawan dialect." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Central Okinawan distinguishes itself from the speech of Northern Okinawa, which is classified independently as the Kunigami language. Both languages have been designated as endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger since its launch in February 2009. Okinawan is sometimes grouped with Kunigami as the Okinawan languages, however some linguists don't use this grouping or claim that Kunigami is a dialect of Okinawan.", "Uchinaguchi is the Okinawan dialect (Ryukyu language) and the people who speak uchinaguchi are uchinanchu. Most of the younger generation in Okinawa can't speak uchinaguchi and they are not willing to learn it. Okinawa has such a unique culture and beautiful language. However there is a fact that it is derived from the Japanese language. The Okinawan language has roots in ancient Japanese, which has been recorded in Kojiki (the oldest historical work existing in Japan) and Manyoushu (the oldest anthology of poems).", "Useful Okinawan phrases. A collection of useful phrases in Okinawan, a Ryukyuan language spoken on Okinawa in Japan. To see these phrases in many other languages click on the English version", "The Okinawan language of belongs to the Japanese-Ryukyuan language family which extends from northern Japan to Yonaguni (located off the coat of Taiwan) in the southern Ryukyu (rope) island chain. The Ryukyuan language is classified as an independent language because of the uniqueness of its remote relationships in morphological, phonological, and lexical aspects.", "A. Some linguists say the Okinawan language is an independent language because it was separated from the Japanese language long ago and has distinct phonological differences. However there is a fact that it is derived from the Japanese language. The Okinawan language has roots in ancient Japanese, which has been recorded in Kojiki (the oldest historical work existing in Japan) and Manyoushu (the oldest anthology of poems).", "Politically, they live in either Okinawa Prefecture or Kagoshima Prefecture. Their languages make up the Ryukyuan language family, one of the two branches of the Japonic language family, the other one being Japanese and its dialects. Okinawans are Japan's largest minority group, with 1.3 million living in Okinawa. The Ryukyuan or Lewchewan people (琉球民族, Ryūkyū minzoku, Okinawan: Ruuchuu minzuku) are the indigenous peoples of the Ryukyu Islands between the islands of Kyushu and Taiwan.", "Within Japan, Okinawan is often not seen as a language unto itself but is referred to as the Okinawan dialect (沖縄方言, Okinawa hōgen) or more specifically the Central and Southern Okinawan dialects (沖縄中南部諸方言, Okinawa Chūnanbu Sho hōgen) . Okinawan speakers are undergoing language shift as they switch to Japanese. Language use in Okinawa today is far from stable. Okinawans are assimilating to standard Japanese due to the standardized education system, the expanding media, and expanding contact with mainlanders. Okinawan is sometimes grouped with Kunigami as the Okinawan languages, however some linguists don't use this grouping or claim that Kunigami is a dialect of Okinawan.", "Okinawan (沖縄口 / ウチナーグチ / Uchinaaguchi). Okinawan is a member of the Ryukuan language family spoken on Okinawa and a number of other Ryūkyū islands, which are known as 南西諸島 (Nansei-shoto) or 'southwest islands' in Japanese. Uchina (うちなー) is the local name for Okinawa (沖縄). Okinawan also has a much more complex honorific system than Japanese. There are four other languages spoken in the Ryukyu islands: Amami (Shimayumusa), Miyako (Myakufutsu), Yaeyama (Yaimamuni) and Yonaguni (Dunangmunui). They are mutually imcomprehensible with each other, with Okinawan and with Japanese.", "Okinawan is a Japonic language, derived from Old Japanese. The split between Old Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages has been estimated to have occurred as early as the first century AD to as late as the twelfth century AD. Okinawan is sometimes grouped with Kunigami as the Okinawan languages, however some linguists don't use this grouping or claim that Kunigami is a dialect of Okinawan." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_language", "http://japanese.about.com/library/blqow22.htm", "http://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/okinawan.php", "http://www.okinawan-shorinryu.com/okinawa/uchina.html", "http://japanese.about.com/library/blqow22.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryukyuan_people", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_language", "http://www.omniglot.com/writing/okinawan.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_language" ] }

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[ "64.16°F" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "* The temperature, snow fall, and precipitation information on this page were calculated from the historical data of 18,000+ U.S weather stations for the period of time from 1980 to 2010. Please note, the actual heating cost and cooling cost are also dependent on other factors specific to individual residences such as the size of the house, the insulation condition, and the equipment efficiency, etc.", "* Degree days are a calculation used to estimate heating and cooling costs. Heating Degree Days is the annual sum of the degrees above 68 for each day's average temperature. Cooling Degree Days is the annual sum of the degrees below 68 for each day's average temperature. HomeInsight provides you with complimentary home valuation tools that instantly show you recent home sales and house values in Pacific Palisades. Simply enter your street address and zip code to continue. Here are some local factors that affect home values in Pacific Palisades", "Pacific Palisades is a district within the U.S city of Los Angeles, California, located between Brentwood to the east, Malibu to the west, Santa Monica to the southeast, the S … anta Monica Bay to the southwest, and the Santa Monica Mountians to the north. The area currently has about 27,000 residents. There are many different areas of California with many different climates. In Southern California, the average temperatures in January remain in the 60's.", "139.42. The Heating Cost Index and the Cooling Cost Index are indicators of the relative heating and cooling cost of an area. They were calculated based on the average temperate and duration of the hot and cold days for the area. Please note, the actual heating cost and cooling cost are also dependent on other factors specific to individual residences such as the size of the house, the insulation condition, and the equipment efficiency, etc.", "The average temperature of Pacific Palisades is 64.16°F, which is higher than the California average temperature of 61.17°F and is much higher than the national average temperature of 54.45°F. Please note, the actual heating cost and cooling cost are also dependent on other factors specific to individual residences such as the size of the house, the insulation condition, and the equipment efficiency, etc.", "Snowfall is 0 inches. The average US city gets 25 inches of snow per year. The number of days with any measurable precipitation is 29. On average, there are 265 sunny days per year in Pacific Palisades (zip 90272), California. The July high is around 70 degrees. The January low is 50. Our comfort index, which is based on humidity during the hot months, is a 45 out of 100, where higher is more comfortable. The US average on the comfort index is 44.", "The table below shows the near real-time and average water temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). NA means that a recent temperature for that station is N ot A vailable. Clicking on the hyperlinked Recent Temperatures will display station information for the location. Non-linked temperatures in the monthly columns are average water temperatures. (). Use the near real-time water temperature data with discretion, because they may contain errors. Water Temperature Table of the Southern Pacific Coast (Google Maps-based Web page). Last Updated: Thu Oct 22, 04:02:53 UTC 2015. To convert temperature units, enter a number in either box below, then click the other box.", "California has one of the hottest weather out of any state. It is usually 65-70 degrees in San Francisco and 80-85 in Los Angeles. Depends where in California. It … ranges from 45 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit. There are many different areas of California with many different climates. In Southern California, the average temperatures in January remain in the 60's." ], "url": [ "http://www.usa.com/pacific-palisades-ca-weather.htm", "http://www.homeinsight.com/home-value/CA/pacific_palisades.asp", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_temperature_in_pacific_palisades_california", "http://www.usa.com/pacific-palisades-ca-weather.htm", "http://www.usa.com/pacific-palisades-ca-weather.htm", "http://www.bestplaces.net/climate/zip-code/california/pacific_palisades/90272", "http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/dsdt/cwtg/spac.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_temperature_in_pacific_palisades_california" ] }

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[ "Carbonization is the process where only the residual carbon of the organism remains." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fossils & Converging Evidence. That the fossil record in general suggests evolution is certainly an important piece of evidence, but it becomes even more telling when it is combined with other evidence for evolution.", "Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. The half-life of carbon-14 is approximately 5,730 years. The short half-life of carbon-14 means it cannot be used to date fossils that are allegedly extremely old, e.g. dinosaurs the evolution alleges lived millions of years ago.", "A living fossil is a species (or sometimes a higher group) that has an extensive fossil record but also retains known living specimens. Creationists love them as they appear to deny evolution, not realising that morphological adaptations are not selected in a stable environment.", "Carbon-14 (or radiocarbon) is a radioactive form of carbon that scientists use to date fossils. But it decays so quickly—with a half-life of only 5,730 years—that none is expected to remain in fossils after only a few hundred thousand years.", "The most well known types of fossilization are permineralization and carbonization or distillation. Certain parameters must be met in order for fossils to form. They are a rapid death and fast burial in relatively anaerobic conditions. Any prolonged exposure to the elements will decrease the chances of fossilization.", "Now the fossils have a. white film instead of a black carbon film. Carbonization is the process where only the residual carbon of the organism remains. In nature this usually happens over time when the organism is subject to heat and pressure.", "The fossil record provides snapshots of the past that, when assembled, illustrate a panorama of evolutionary change over the past four billion years. The picture may be smudged in places and may have bits missing, but fossil evidence clearly shows that life is old and has changed over time. Nicholas Steno's anatomical drawing of an extant shark (left) and a fossil shark tooth (right).", "Fossils are not only the actual remains of organisms, such as teeth, bones, shell, and leaves (body fossils), but also the results of their activity, such as burrows and foot prints (trace fossils), and organic compounds they produce by biochemical processes (chemical fossils).", "Larger organisms can be distorted by compression. However, good fossils of leaves and insects are often formed by compression. Insect and plant compression retain organic material. The organic matter making up the body of the organism may be altered during decay and rock formation." ], "url": [ "http://atheism.about.com/od/evolutionexplained/a/FossilRecordEvolution.htm", "http://www.creationstudies.org/operationsalt/carbon14.html", "http://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Living_fossil", "https://answersingenesis.org/geology/carbon-14/7-carbon-14-in-fossils-coal-and-diamonds/", "http://www.creationstudies.org/operationsalt/fossil-formation.html", "http://www.fossilguy.com/what-is-a-fossil/", "http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/lines_02", "http://www.fossilmuseum.net/fossilrecord/fossilization/fossilization.htm", "http://petrifiedwoodmuseum.org/Carbonization.htm" ] }

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[ "Hark" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Audi car company was founded by August Horch in Germany. Following some legal problems he was prevented from using Horch as the company name. In Germ … an horch means hear, which is audi in Latin. He (or actually his son) translated his name from German to Latin. Beyond this it seems to have no deeper meaning.", "The Audi symbol is four ceiling rings that reflect the four manufacturers of Auto Union. This Audi emblem signs the association of the brand Audi with others: Horch, DKW, Wanderer: the initial ring from at the left side represents Audi, the next represents DKW, the third is Horch, then the fourth ring is Wanderer.", "Audi is named for the Latin word for 'hark' as in auditory. The reason was that the automobile inventor's last name was German for hark, Horch but he lost the right to make cars with that name when he was bought out by his partners. His son came up with the name.", "Ava, Amelia, Audrey, Isabella, Chloe, Abrielle, Ashlyn. Notes: German car manufacturer. The company's original name was Horch after the founder's last name. Horch means listen. August Horch was forced out of his own company and started a second auto manufacturing firm called Audi, which means listen in Lati. Audi Stats.", "Horch, meaning listen, becomes Audi when translated into Latin. The four rings of the Audi logo each represent one of four car companies that banded together to create the company. Audi's slogan is Vorsprung durch Technik, meaning Advancement through Technology.", "A fine German automobile manufacturer. Audi dates back to the very first days of cars. The symbol of four interlocking rings is representative of the four companies, Audi, Horch, Wanderer, and DKW that came together to form first The Auto Union, and, finally, Audi." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_Audi_mean", "http://www.car-brand-names.com/audi-logo/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_Audi_mean", "http://www.babynames.com/name/AUDI", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Audi", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Audi" ] }

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[ "In West Point,Georgia.", "28" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Founded in 1937 as Atlanta Christian College, Point University is a private, four-year liberal arts institution preparing students to influence culture for Christ in all spheres of life -- through business, entertainment and the arts, education, government, the Church and the nonprofit world. The University's main campus relocated to West Point, Ga., just an hour away from Atlanta near the Alabama border, in the fall of 2012. The University's historic campus in East Point, Ga., a suburb of Atlanta, continues to operate as a site for Access, the adult degree program.", "Most public institutions and traditional private institutions in Georgia are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The flagship university of the state of Georgia is the University of Georgia. 1 ^b Georgia State University will absorb Georgia Perimeter College during 2016. ^ 2 c Includes the reported Fall 2014 enrollment of Southern Polytechnic State University, which merged with KSU in January 2015.", "The following is a list of colleges and universities in the U.S. state of Georgia. Many of these schools have multiple campuses. In such cases, only the location of the main campus in Georgia is specified. 1 ^b Georgia State University will absorb Georgia Perimeter College during 2016. ^ 2 c Includes the reported Fall 2014 enrollment of Southern Polytechnic State University, which merged with KSU in January 2015.", "Georgia Southern University was ranked as one of the 10 most popular universities by U.S. News and World Report in 2012. With its balance of a traditional college and more cutting-edge online options, it’s no wonder students give it their stamp of approval. Students can choose from 205 public and private accredited schools in Georgia, ranging from major public universities such as the University of Georgia, to community colleges and vocational training schools of every kind.", "1 ^a Bainbridge is officially a 4-year institution as of 2013. ^ 2 b Georgia State University will absorb Georgia Perimeter College during 2016. ^ 3 c Includes the reported Fall 2014 enrollment of Southern Polytechnic State University, which merged with KSU in January 2015. 1 ^b Georgia State University will absorb Georgia Perimeter College during 2016. ^ 2", "Georgia College & State University has a total undergraduate enrollment of 5,927, with a gender distribution of 39.1 percent male students and 60.9 percent female students. At this school, 36 percent of the students live in college-owned, -operated, or-affiliated housing and 64 percent of students live off campus. Summary. Georgia College & State University is a public institution that was founded in 1889. It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 5,927, its setting is urban, and the campus size is 602 acres. It utilizes a semester-based academic calendar. Georgia College & State University's ranking in the 2016 edition of Best Colleges is Regional Universities (South), 28. Its in-state tuition and fees are $9,170 (2015-16); out-of-state tuition and fees are $27,518 (2015-16)", "This article is about the university in West Point, GA. For university in High Point, NC, see High Point University. For university in Pittsburgh, PA, see Point Park University. Point University is a private, Christian, liberal arts university in West Point, Georgia, 60 miles (97 km) southwest of Atlanta. The liberal arts institution was founded in 1937 as Atlanta Christian College, located in the Atlanta suburb of East Point. In 2011, the college announced a name change to Point University. It relocated its main campus to West Point, Georgia, in June 2012", "Summary. Point University is a private institution that was founded in 1937. It has a suburban setting. It utilizes a semester-based academic calendar. Point University's ranking in the 2016 edition of Best Colleges is Regional Colleges (South), 67. Its tuition and fees are $17,650 (2014-15). The University's main campus relocated to West Point, Ga., just an hour away from Atlanta near the Alabama border, in the fall of 2012. The University's historic campus in East Point, Ga., a suburb of Atlanta, continues to operate as a site for Access, the adult degree program." ], "url": [ "http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/atlanta-christian-1547", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)", "http://www.accreditedschoolsonline.org/georgia/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)", "http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/georgia-college-1602", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_University", "http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/atlanta-christian-1547" ] }

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