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msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563327572#8_3187306336
Title: Holiday Depression: Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Coping Headings: What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? Signs & Symptoms Holiday Depression vs. SAD Diagnosis Causes Treatment Coping Drink Only in Moderation Don’t Isolate Yourself Exercise Regularly Learn to Say 'No' Find Time for Yourself Set Realistic Expectations How to Get Help A Word From Verywell Content: Financial stress: Overextending yourself financially or struggling to afford gifts for family and friends can create an added burden of financial stress. Isolation and loneliness: Not being able to spend the holidays with your family and friends can make the holiday season seem especially lonely. Unrealistic expectations: Sometimes even having high hopes for the season can lead to holiday stress and sadness. The over-commercialization of the holidays can create the expectation that people are supposed to feel nonstop joy and holiday cheer, which can create pressure to feel a very specific way, adding yet another stressor to an already hectic time of year. Because the holidays mark an impending new year, people may also begin to reflect on the past year and experience feelings of regret or failure. They might think about the goals they had and the things they wanted to accomplish and feel upset if they did not meet those expectations. It isn't just adults who are prone to seasonal sadness.
https://www.verywellmind.com/holiday-blues-4771716
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563327572#9_3187307966
Title: Holiday Depression: Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Coping Headings: What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? Signs & Symptoms Holiday Depression vs. SAD Diagnosis Causes Treatment Coping Drink Only in Moderation Don’t Isolate Yourself Exercise Regularly Learn to Say 'No' Find Time for Yourself Set Realistic Expectations How to Get Help A Word From Verywell Content: Sometimes even having high hopes for the season can lead to holiday stress and sadness. The over-commercialization of the holidays can create the expectation that people are supposed to feel nonstop joy and holiday cheer, which can create pressure to feel a very specific way, adding yet another stressor to an already hectic time of year. Because the holidays mark an impending new year, people may also begin to reflect on the past year and experience feelings of regret or failure. They might think about the goals they had and the things they wanted to accomplish and feel upset if they did not meet those expectations. It isn't just adults who are prone to seasonal sadness. Changes in routines, dealing with family problems, missing friends, and feeling stressed around the holidays can all contribute to feelings of sadness and depression in kids. Watch for the signs and talk to your child’s pediatrician if you are concerned. Treatment Unless you are diagnosed with major depression, your doctor probably won’t prescribe medications to treat your holiday depression symptoms. In many cases, holiday depression can be managed with lifestyle changes and social support. Your doctor may refer you to a mental health professional for psychotherapy .
https://www.verywellmind.com/holiday-blues-4771716
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563327572#13_3187315272
Title: Holiday Depression: Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Coping Headings: What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? Signs & Symptoms Holiday Depression vs. SAD Diagnosis Causes Treatment Coping Drink Only in Moderation Don’t Isolate Yourself Exercise Regularly Learn to Say 'No' Find Time for Yourself Set Realistic Expectations How to Get Help A Word From Verywell Content: Don’t Isolate Yourself Social isolation can be a major risk factor for depression. The problem is that sadness often makes you want to hide by yourself at home. And if you are on your own apart from family for the holidays, reaching out and finding social support can be all the more difficult. Look for ways that you can enjoy social connections, even if you aren’t able to go home for the holidays. If you’re feeling lonely, ask a friend to come over for a heart to heart. Join a local club, volunteer for something you believe in, or even see a counselor for support. Exercise Regularly While it can be difficult to stick to a workout schedule when you are feeling down, research has shown that regular physical activity can play an important role in preventing and reducing symptoms of depression. 3 So while hitting the gym can be tough when you are stressed, busy, and feeling sad, try to remember that you don’t need to glue yourself to the treadmill or weight machine to feel the benefits. Even a casual activity like going for a short walk each day might be enough to help keep the holiday blues at bay. Learn to Say 'No' The holidays often mean that there are more people asking for help and making demands on your time and resources.
https://www.verywellmind.com/holiday-blues-4771716
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563327572#15_3187319058
Title: Holiday Depression: Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Coping Headings: What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? Signs & Symptoms Holiday Depression vs. SAD Diagnosis Causes Treatment Coping Drink Only in Moderation Don’t Isolate Yourself Exercise Regularly Learn to Say 'No' Find Time for Yourself Set Realistic Expectations How to Get Help A Word From Verywell Content: Holiday party invites can turn into stressful social obligations. Small favors for friends can morph into huge projects that you didn't anticipate. Avoid overcommitting by knowing your limits and learning how to say "no." Find Time for Yourself Make sure that you leave enough time for yourself to relax. Even 15 to 20 minutes a day to enjoy some quiet time, read a book, listen to music, take a bath, do yoga, or some other relaxing activity can do wonders for your stress levels. Set Realistic Expectations It’s fine to be excited about the holidays and make plans for the things you want to do. But it is also important to keep your expectations realistic and reachable . Holidays change just as people change. Kids grow older, people move, and new people will become a part of your life. The key is to focus on those connections, create new traditions, and remember past holidays with fondness while still enjoying the one right in front of you.
https://www.verywellmind.com/holiday-blues-4771716
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563327572#16_3187320644
Title: Holiday Depression: Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Coping Headings: What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? What Are the Holiday Blues? Signs & Symptoms Holiday Depression vs. SAD Diagnosis Causes Treatment Coping Drink Only in Moderation Don’t Isolate Yourself Exercise Regularly Learn to Say 'No' Find Time for Yourself Set Realistic Expectations How to Get Help A Word From Verywell Content: Set Realistic Expectations It’s fine to be excited about the holidays and make plans for the things you want to do. But it is also important to keep your expectations realistic and reachable . Holidays change just as people change. Kids grow older, people move, and new people will become a part of your life. The key is to focus on those connections, create new traditions, and remember past holidays with fondness while still enjoying the one right in front of you. Focus on enjoying the experience and the time you get to spend with your loved ones rather than on achieving a picture-perfect end result. The holidays don’t have to be perfect to be special. They don’t have to be exactly like the holidays of the past to be just as meaningful and memorable. 10 Signs You May Be a Perfectionist How to Get Help If the holiday blues turn into something more serious or if your sadness doesn’t ease after the holidays are over, your symptoms might be a sign of something else. You might have a condition such as major depre
https://www.verywellmind.com/holiday-blues-4771716
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563383345#3_3187431496
Title: How Agreeableness Affects Your Behavior Headings: What Is Agreeableness? What Is Agreeableness? Common Characteristics of Agreeableness Prevalence of Agreeableness How Agreeableness Influences Behavior Altruistic Cooperative Honest Modest Sympathetic Trusting A Word From Verywell Content: Agreeable people are generally well-liked and a joy to be around. Most people consider them good friends. Although agreeableness has many positive aspects, there are some downsides. For instance, agreeable people may struggle to assert their wants, needs, and preferences. They also struggle in situations that require tough decisions or tough love. And when it comes to their careers, they may be so intent on helping others get ahead that they forget to plan their own advancement. Meanwhile, people who score low in agreeableness tend to be more hostile, antagonistic, and competitive. They also tend to have more difficult relationships that are riddled with disagreements and breakups. Here are some common characteristics of people who score high in agreeableness: Get along well with others Are popular and well-liked Care for others in need Are helpful, kind, and considerate Display sensitivity Are socially and emotionally intelligent De-escalate conflict Refrain from judging people Give others the benefit of the doubt Like to collaborate Form friendships easily Tend to be altruistic and perceptive Are emotionally supportive Prevalence of Agreeableness Like the other four factors of personality, agreeableness is usually measured using self-report inventories.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-agreeableness-affects-your-behavior-4843762
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563413952#0_3187505797
Title: How Anxiety May Affect Your Relationships Headings: How Anxiety May Affect Your Relationships How Anxiety May Affect Your Relationships Are You Overly Dependent or Avoidant? Being Overly Dependent Combating Problematic Dependency Recognizing and Addressing Avoidance Treating Anxiety and Relationship Problems A Word From Verywell Content: How Anxiety May Affect Your Relationships GAD Coping How Anxiety May Affect Your Relationships Are You Overly Dependent or Avoidant? By William Meek Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on October 27, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on March 25, 2020 Noel Hendrickson / Digital Vision / Getty Images Having generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can negatively impact many aspects of your life, including your relationships. Here are two specific ways in which your anxiety can lead to problems maintaining connections with others, as well as strategies you can implement (under the guidance of a mental health professional) to help you navigate these unhealthy attachment patterns. Being Overly Dependent Some people with GAD have an intense desire for closeness to their partners (or friend), depending on them constantly for support and reassurance. Along with being overly dependent, people with GAD may find themselves prone to overthinking, planning for all worst-case scenarios, being indecisive, fearing rejection, and seeking out constant communication (and getting anxious if a partner or friend does not respond quickly). 1  People with GAD and overly dependent relationships may also struggle with anger toward those they feel dependent on, acting out in ways that are destructive to their relationships. Combating Problematic Dependency If you find yourself developing overly dependent attachments, developing ways to cope with your anxiety and relying more on yourself for feeling better can take the pressure off your partner or friend. For instance, if you find yourself becoming angry or suspicious in these relationships, first remind yourself that this may be fueled by your anxiety. Then, take a few moments to think about any hard data (facts) that support your worry to try and regain some perspective.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-anxiety-can-cause-relationship-problems-1393090
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563842937#10_3188643684
Title: How to Deal With Negative Emotions and Stress Headings: How to Deal With Negative Emotions and Stress How to Deal With Negative Emotions and Stress Choosing to Deal With Negative Emotions Understand Your Emotions Get Advice From the The Verywell Mind Podcast Change What You Can Find an Outlet Content: Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Chapman BP, Fiscella K, Kawachi I, Duberstein P, Muennig P. Emotion suppression and mortality risk over a 12-year follow-up. J Psychosom Res. 2013;75 (4):381-5. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.07.014 Quartana PJ, Burns JW. Painful consequences of anger suppression. Emotion.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-should-i-deal-with-negative-emotions-3144603
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563860946#2_3188682734
Title: How Sleep Affects Mental Health Headings: How Does Sleep Affect Mental Health? How Does Sleep Affect Mental Health? The Relationship Between Sleep and Mental Health Stress Depression Anxiety Bipolar Disorder ADHD Getting Help Coping A Word From Verywell Content: Sleep deprivation can leave you feeling irritable and exhausted in the short-term, but it can also have serious long-term health consequences as well. Lack of sleep is linked to a number of unfavorable health consequences including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and depression. Some psychiatric conditions can cause sleep problems, and sleep disturbances can also exacerbate the symptoms of many mental conditions including depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Research suggests that the relationship between sleep and mental health is complex. While sleep has long been known to be a consequence of many psychiatric conditions, more recent views suggest that sleep can also play a causal role in both the development and maintenance of different mental health problems. 1  In other words, sleep problems can lead to changes in mental health, but mental health conditions can also worsen problems with sleep. Lack of sleep may trigger the onset of certain psychological conditions, although researchers are not completely certain of the underlying reasons for this. Because of this circular relationship between your sleep patterns and your mental state, it is important to talk to your doctor if you are having problems falling or staying asleep. Stress If you’ve ever struggled to get through the day after a night of tossing and turning, you are well-acquainted with the disruptive effects of sleep deprivation. Mood changes including increased irritability and anger can make it much harder to cope with even the minor stresses of daily life.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-sleep-affects-mental-health-4783067
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563860946#8_3188693924
Title: How Sleep Affects Mental Health Headings: How Does Sleep Affect Mental Health? How Does Sleep Affect Mental Health? The Relationship Between Sleep and Mental Health Stress Depression Anxiety Bipolar Disorder ADHD Getting Help Coping A Word From Verywell Content: Coping with feelings of anxiety can be that much more difficult when you are tired from chronic sleep disturbances. Because of this, poor sleep can make the symptoms of anxiety disorders much worse. For example, sleep deprivation is not only a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affecting between 80% to 90% of people with the condition, it is also believed to play a role in both the development and maintenance of this disorder. However, even otherwise healthy people can experience negative mental health effects of poor sleep. For example, one study found that acute sleep deprivation led to an increase in anxiety and distress levels in healthy adults. 5  So while you might not even if you normally do not experience a great deal of anxiety, poor sleep may leave you feeling agitated and distraught. Bipolar Disorder Sleep disturbances are very common among people with bipolar disorder. Such problems can include insomnia, irregular sleep-wake cycles, and nightmares. Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depressed and elevated moods. Sleep changes can be a symptom of the condition, but sleep problems can also play a role in the course of the condition, treatment outcomes, and the individual's overall quality of life.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-sleep-affects-mental-health-4783067
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563961775#5_3188923375
Title: How to Apologize Sincerely and Effectively Headings: How to Apologize More Sincerely How to Apologize More Sincerely Understand Reasons to Apologize Know When to Apologize Take Responsibility Express Regret What to Say When You Want to Apologize Make Amends Reaffirm Boundaries Own Up to Your Part...Not Theirs Apologize for the Right Reasons Let Go of Results...to an Extent A Word From Verywell Content: You can decide where you stand on the apology after that. While a sincere apology can go a long way toward mending a relationship, people are often unwilling or unable to take this step. Admitting you were wrong can be difficult and humbling. Researchers have found that people who believe that personality is changeable are more likely to apologize for harmful actions. 1  Because they feel that change is possible, they feel that accepting the blame for their mistakes is an opportunity for learning and growth. Take Responsibility Taking responsibility means acknowledging mistakes you made that hurt the other person, and it's one of the most important and neglected ingredients of most apologies, especially those in the media. Saying something vague like, “I’m sorry if you were offended by something I said,” implies that the hurt feelings were a random reaction on the part of the other person. Saying, “When I said [the hurtful thing], I wasn’t thinking. I realize I hurt your feelings, and I’m sorry,” acknowledges that you know what it was you said that hurt the other person, and you take responsibility for it. Don't make assumptions and don't try to shift the blame.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-apologize-more-sincerely-3144467
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1563972008#15_3188968029
Title: How to Become a Better Person Headings: How to Become a Better Person How to Become a Better Person Let Go of Anger Support Others Leverage Your Strengths Use the "Stages of Change" Model The Stages of Change Model Take Care of Yourself Basics of Self-Care Sleep Nutrition Social Connections Downtime Learn to Be User-Friendly Content: Aware of the problem Preparation: Getting ready to change Action: Taking direct action toward the goal Maintenance: Maintaining new behavior One of the most important parts of this route to change is that you don't push yourself to make changes before you're ready, and you don't give up if you find yourself backsliding—it's a forgivable and even expected part of the process of change. Understanding this plan for making changes can help you to be a better person in whatever ways you choose. Take Care of Yourself Stígur Már Karlsson / Heimsmyndir / Getty Images You may not always have control of the circumstances you face. But you can control how well you take care of yourself, which can affect your stress levels and enable you to grow as a person when you face life's challenges. Self-care is vital for building resilience when facing unavoidable stressors for several reasons. 4  When you're tired, eating poorly, or generally run-down, you will likely be more reactive to the stress you face in your life. You can even end up creating more problems for yourself by reacting poorly rather than responding from a place of calm inner strength.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-be-a-better-person-4167628
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1564029198#7_3189092865
Title: How to Learn More Effectively: Research-Backed Tips Headings: How to Become a More Effective Learner How to Become a More Effective Learner Tips from Psychology to Improve Learning Effectiveness and Efficiency Make Use of Memory Improvement Basics Keep Learning (and Practicing) New Things Learn in Multiple Ways Teach What You've Learned to Another Person Use Previous Learning to Promote New Learning Gain Practical Experience Look Up Answers Rather Than Struggle to Remember Understand How You Learn Best Use Testing to Boost Learning Stop Multitasking A Word From Verywell Content: 6 Gain Practical Experience LWA / Dann Tardif / Getty Images For many students, learning typically involves reading textbooks, attending lectures, or doing research in the library or online. While seeing information and then writing it down is important, actually putting new knowledge and skills into practice can be one of the best ways to improve learning. If you are trying to acquire a new skill or ability, focus on gaining practical experience. If it is a sport or athletic skill, perform the activity on a regular basis. If you are learning a new language, practice speaking with another person and surround yourself with language-immersion experiences. Watch foreign-language films and strike up conversations with native speakers to practice your budding skills. 7 Look Up Answers Rather Than Struggle to Remember Hero Images / Getty Images Of course, learning isn’t a perfect process. Sometimes, we forget the details of things that we have already learned. If you find yourself struggling to recall some tidbit of information, research suggests that you are better offer simply looking up the correct answer. One study found that the longer you spend trying to remember the answer, the more likely you will be to forget the answer again in the future.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-become-a-more-effective-learner-2795162
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1564563485#3_3190469248
Title: How to Navigate Your Own Privilege Headings: How to Navigate Your Own Privilege How to Navigate Your Own Privilege Examples of Privilege in Society Race Class Gender What Does It Mean to Be Nonbinary or Enby? Ability Sexual Orientation Other Examples of Privilege Gaining Awareness of Your Privileges Intersectionality What Is Intersectionality? How Intersectionality Can Highlight Your Privilege Using Your Privilege to Help Others Self-Reflection to Address Your Privilege Acknowledge Your Privilege in Conversations Privilege Lessens the Severity of Your Oppression A Word From Verywell Content: However, in addition to recognizing privilege, if white folx also feel empowered by their ability to engage in social change, that allowed them to take the actions needed to address injustice. Doing so ultimately results in an impact on racial biases. 1  Class Wealthy folx have unearned advantages over those who lack such financial resources because they have greater access to opportunities. In this way, while wealthier individuals may deal with difficulties in life, these hardships are not caused by their increased financial resources in the same way that folx who lack wealth are oppressed. Research shows that talking about class is often difficult because these discussions typically bring up the topic of race (an uncomfortable subject for many). Moreover, these conversations may also affirm the fact that those of a higher class are afforded privileges that others do not have the opportunity to access. 2  Research shows that middle-class students were less likely to talk about class than working-class students and had more punitive attitudes than those who were oppressed by class differentials. 2  If those with class privilege avoid talking about that and hold negative attitudes towards marginalized groups, this problematic way of thinking will continue. By this, it is crucial to get comfortable with acknowledging your privilege so you can utilize it for good. Gender Cisgender individuals possess privilege over transgender and nonbinary folx.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-navigate-your-own-privilege-5076057
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1564563485#4_3190471557
Title: How to Navigate Your Own Privilege Headings: How to Navigate Your Own Privilege How to Navigate Your Own Privilege Examples of Privilege in Society Race Class Gender What Does It Mean to Be Nonbinary or Enby? Ability Sexual Orientation Other Examples of Privilege Gaining Awareness of Your Privileges Intersectionality What Is Intersectionality? How Intersectionality Can Highlight Your Privilege Using Your Privilege to Help Others Self-Reflection to Address Your Privilege Acknowledge Your Privilege in Conversations Privilege Lessens the Severity of Your Oppression A Word From Verywell Content: Moreover, these conversations may also affirm the fact that those of a higher class are afforded privileges that others do not have the opportunity to access. 2  Research shows that middle-class students were less likely to talk about class than working-class students and had more punitive attitudes than those who were oppressed by class differentials. 2  If those with class privilege avoid talking about that and hold negative attitudes towards marginalized groups, this problematic way of thinking will continue. By this, it is crucial to get comfortable with acknowledging your privilege so you can utilize it for good. Gender Cisgender individuals possess privilege over transgender and nonbinary folx. Also, men have unearned advantages over marginalized genders. While those who identify with the gender that they were assigned at birth may experience challenges, these difficulties are not tied to their identity as a cisgender individual. In contrast, cissexism greatly impacts the lives of trans and nonbinary folx. Similarly, the difficulties that men face are not a result of their gender. Due to this, gender privilege oppresses marginalized genders and negatively impacts their lives in various ways.
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-navigate-your-own-privilege-5076057
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#0_3191599975
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories History and Biographies Howard Gardner Biography and Theories By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial process Kendra Cherry Fact checked by Fact checked by James Lacy on March 27, 2020 linkedin James Lacy, MLS, is a fact checker and researcher. Learn about our editorial process James Lacy on March 27, 2020 Proctor Academy/ Flickr CC Table of Contents View All Table of Contents Biography Career and Theories Awards Selected Publications Contrasting Views Howard Gardner is a developmental psychologist best-known for this theory of multiple intelligences. He believed that the conventional concept of intelligence was too narrow and restrictive and that measures of IQ often miss out on other "intelligences" that an individual may possess. His 1983 book Frames of Mind, outlined his theory and his eight major types of intelligence. Gardner's theory had a particular impact in the field of education where it inspired teachers and educators to explore new ways of teaching aimed at these different intelligences. 1  "We have this myth that the only way to learn something is to read it in a textbook or hear a lecture on it. And the only way to show that we've understood something is to take a short-answer test or maybe occasionally with an essay question thrown in. But that's nonsense. Everything can be taught in more than one way," Howard Gardner has suggested.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#1_3191602053
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Gardner's theory had a particular impact in the field of education where it inspired teachers and educators to explore new ways of teaching aimed at these different intelligences. 1  "We have this myth that the only way to learn something is to read it in a textbook or hear a lecture on it. And the only way to show that we've understood something is to take a short-answer test or maybe occasionally with an essay question thrown in. But that's nonsense. Everything can be taught in more than one way," Howard Gardner has suggested. 2  Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Howard Gardner was born on July 11, 1943 in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He described himself as "a studious child who gained much pleasure from playing the piano." He completed his post-secondary education at Harvard, earning his undergraduate degree in 1965 and his Ph.D. in 1971. 3  While he had originally planned to study law, he was inspired to study developmental psychology by the works of Jean Piaget. He also cited the mentoring he received from the famous psychoanalyst Erik Erikson as part of the reason why he set his sights on psychology.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#2_3191603695
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: 2  Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Howard Gardner was born on July 11, 1943 in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He described himself as "a studious child who gained much pleasure from playing the piano." He completed his post-secondary education at Harvard, earning his undergraduate degree in 1965 and his Ph.D. in 1971. 3  While he had originally planned to study law, he was inspired to study developmental psychology by the works of Jean Piaget. He also cited the mentoring he received from the famous psychoanalyst Erik Erikson as part of the reason why he set his sights on psychology. "My mind was really opened when I went to Harvard College and had the opportunity to study under individuals—such as psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, sociologist David Riesman, and cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner—who were creating knowledge about human beings. That helped set me on the course of investigating human nature, particularly how human beings think," he later explained. 4  Career and Theories After spending time working with two very different groups, normal and gifted children, and brain-damaged adults, Gardner began developing a theory designed to synthesize his research and observations. In 1983, he published Frames of Mind which outlined his theory of multiple intelligences. According to this theory, people have many different ways of learning.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#3_3191605582
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: "My mind was really opened when I went to Harvard College and had the opportunity to study under individuals—such as psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, sociologist David Riesman, and cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner—who were creating knowledge about human beings. That helped set me on the course of investigating human nature, particularly how human beings think," he later explained. 4  Career and Theories After spending time working with two very different groups, normal and gifted children, and brain-damaged adults, Gardner began developing a theory designed to synthesize his research and observations. In 1983, he published Frames of Mind which outlined his theory of multiple intelligences. According to this theory, people have many different ways of learning. Unlike traditional theories of intelligence that focus on one single general intelligence, Gardner believed that people instead have multiple different ways of thinking and learning. 5  He has since identified and described eight different kinds of intelligence: Interpersonal intelligence Intrapersonal intelligence Kinesthetic intelligence Linguistic-verbal intelligence Mathematical intelligence Musical intelligence Naturalistic intelligence Visual-spatial intelligence He has also proposed the possible addition of a ninth type which he refers to as "existential intelligence." 6  Gardner's theory has perhaps had the greatest impact within the field of education, where it has received considerable attention and use. His conceptualization of intelligence as more than a single, solitary quality has opened the doors for further research and different ways of thinking about human intelligence.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#4_3191607792
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Unlike traditional theories of intelligence that focus on one single general intelligence, Gardner believed that people instead have multiple different ways of thinking and learning. 5  He has since identified and described eight different kinds of intelligence: Interpersonal intelligence Intrapersonal intelligence Kinesthetic intelligence Linguistic-verbal intelligence Mathematical intelligence Musical intelligence Naturalistic intelligence Visual-spatial intelligence He has also proposed the possible addition of a ninth type which he refers to as "existential intelligence." 6  Gardner's theory has perhaps had the greatest impact within the field of education, where it has received considerable attention and use. His conceptualization of intelligence as more than a single, solitary quality has opened the doors for further research and different ways of thinking about human intelligence. Researcher Mindy L. Kornhaber has suggested that the theory of multiple intelligences is so popular within the field of education because it: "Validates educators' everyday experience: students think and learn in many different ways. It also provides educators with a conceptual framework for organizing and reflecting on curriculum assessment and pedagogical practices. In turn, this reflection has led many educators to develop new approaches that might better meet the needs of the range of learners in their classrooms."
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#5_3191609740
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Researcher Mindy L. Kornhaber has suggested that the theory of multiple intelligences is so popular within the field of education because it: "Validates educators' everyday experience: students think and learn in many different ways. It also provides educators with a conceptual framework for organizing and reflecting on curriculum assessment and pedagogical practices. In turn, this reflection has led many educators to develop new approaches that might better meet the needs of the range of learners in their classrooms." 7  Gardner currently serves as the John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Research Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He is also an adjunct professor of psychology at Harvard University and senior director of Harvard Project Zero. Howard Gardener's Awards 1981, MacArthur Prize Fellowship 1987, William James Book Award, American Psychological Association 1990, University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Education 2000, John S. Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship 2011, Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences Selected Publications Gardner, H. (1983;2003). Frames of Mind. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#6_3191611440
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: 7  Gardner currently serves as the John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Research Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He is also an adjunct professor of psychology at Harvard University and senior director of Harvard Project Zero. Howard Gardener's Awards 1981, MacArthur Prize Fellowship 1987, William James Book Award, American Psychological Association 1990, University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Education 2000, John S. Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship 2011, Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences Selected Publications Gardner, H. (1983;2003). Frames of Mind. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: BasicBooks. Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligence Reframed. New York:
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#7_3191612688
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: New York: BasicBooks. Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligence Reframed. New York: Basic Books. Gardner, H. (2000). The Disciplined Mind: Beyond Facts And Standardized Tests, The K-12 Education That Every Child Deserves. New York:
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#10_3191616683
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: 8  Gardner's conception of multiple intelligences, on the other hand, proposes that the mind possesses a number of "computers" that act mostly independently of one another and contribute to different mental abilities. Gardner initially outlined eight multiple intelligences but is researching the inclusion of naturalist intelligence and existential intelligence. Learning styles, on the other hand, relate to an individual's personality and learning preferences. The problem with the concept of learning styles, Gardner explains, is that not only are they only vaguely defined, but research has also found little evidence that teaching to a student's preferred style has an effect on learning outcomes. Gardner distinguishes between his multiple intelligences and the idea of learning styles by defining intelligences as a mental computational power in a certain area such as verbal ability or spatial intelligence. He defines learning styles as to how an individual learner approaches different educational materials. A Word From Verywell Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences has had an important impact on how we think about human intelligence. Rather than simply focusing on a single measure of human cognitive ability, it can be helpful to consider all of the different mental strengths that an individual may possess. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback!
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#11_3191618569
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: He defines learning styles as to how an individual learner approaches different educational materials. A Word From Verywell Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences has had an important impact on how we think about human intelligence. Rather than simply focusing on a single measure of human cognitive ability, it can be helpful to consider all of the different mental strengths that an individual may possess. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Ever wonder what your personality type means? Sign up to find out more in our Healthy Mind newsletter. Sign Up You're in! Thank you, , for signing up. There was an error.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#12_3191619701
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Ever wonder what your personality type means? Sign up to find out more in our Healthy Mind newsletter. Sign Up You're in! Thank you, , for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Cerruti C. Building a functional multiple intelligences theory to advance educational neuroscience .
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#13_3191620821
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Cerruti C. Building a functional multiple intelligences theory to advance educational neuroscience . Front Psychol. 2013;4:950. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00950 Edutopia. Big thinkers: Howard Gardner on multiple intelligences.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#14_3191621892
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Front Psychol. 2013;4:950. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00950 Edutopia. Big thinkers: Howard Gardner on multiple intelligences. Updated April 1, 2009. Martin DJ, Loomis KS. Building Teachers: A Constructivist Approach to Introducing Education. Cengage Learning;
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#15_3191622646
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Updated April 1, 2009. Martin DJ, Loomis KS. Building Teachers: A Constructivist Approach to Introducing Education. Cengage Learning; 2013. Scherer M, Gardner H. The understanding pathway: a conversation with Howard Gardner. The Constructivist Classroom. 1999;
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#16_3191623404
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: 2013. Scherer M, Gardner H. The understanding pathway: a conversation with Howard Gardner. The Constructivist Classroom. 1999; 57 (3):12-16. Watson TS, Skinner CH. Encyclopedia of School Psychology. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#17_3191624141
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: 57 (3):12-16. Watson TS, Skinner CH. Encyclopedia of School Psychology. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012. Langworth RM, Gardner H. Multiple Intelligences. ReadHowYouWant.com; 2010. Kornhaber ML. In Palmer-Cooper, J. A., Cooper, D. E., & Bresler, L., Fifty modern thinkers on education:
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#18_3191624931
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: Langworth RM, Gardner H. Multiple Intelligences. ReadHowYouWant.com; 2010. Kornhaber ML. In Palmer-Cooper, J. A., Cooper, D. E., & Bresler, L., Fifty modern thinkers on education: From Piaget to the present day. London: Routledge; 2001. Gardner H, Davis K. The App Generation, How Today's Youth Navigate Identity, Intimacy, and Imagination in a Digital World.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565037098#19_3191625788
Title: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Headings: Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Howard Gardner Biography and Theories Brief Biography of Howard Gardner Career and Theories Howard Gardener's Awards Selected Publications Multiple Intelligences vs. Learning Styles A Word From Verywell Content: From Piaget to the present day. London: Routledge; 2001. Gardner H, Davis K. The App Generation, How Today's Youth Navigate Identity, Intimacy, and Imagination in a Digital World. Yale University Press; 2013.
https://www.verywellmind.com/howard-gardner-biography-2795511
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565219718#2_3192007875
Title: How to Improve Your Psychological Well-Being Headings: How to Improve Your Psychological Well-Being How to Improve Your Psychological Well-Being Your emotional health is key to a happy life Why It Matters Creating Purpose Positive Thinking Write About a Better Future Recall Positive Life Events Perform Acts of Kindness Practice Mindfulness Express Gratitude Identify Your Strengths Practice Forgiveness Fostering Relationships A Word From Verywell Content: They are also more likely to enjoy a better quality of life. 2  Better psychological well-being also is associated with fewer social problems. For instance, research has found that people with high psychological well-being are less likely to engage in criminal activity or abuse drugs and alcohol. In addition, positive psychological well-being tends to predict higher earnings and more prosocial behavior, such as volunteering. People also are more likely to enjoy positive psychological well-being when they have their basic needs met. Living in a safe area, having enough food, and having adequate shelter are all important factors for emotional health. If you’re looking to improve your psychological well-being, there are several things you can do to feel and function better. Here's an overview of four things you an do to improve your overall sense of well-being. How to Find More Happiness in Your Life Creating Purpose Living a life with meaning and purpose is key to improving your psychological well-being. 2  Your purpose doesn’t necessarily have to involve changing the world or finding a career devoted to helping others though.
https://www.verywellmind.com/improve-psychological-well-being-4177330
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1565675136#5_3193134197
Title: Is There a Mental Illness Test? Headings: Is There a Mental Illness Test? Is There a Mental Illness Test? Reasons to Be Screened Diagnosis Physical Exam and Lab Tests Personal History Mental Health Screening Next Steps Psychological Tests Screening Tests How to Take a Screening Test at Home Getting Help Content: PCPs are qualified to diagnose mental illnesses, like major depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Sometimes, they prescribe medication to treat mental illness. Quite often, however, primary care physicians refer patients with a suspected mental illness to a mental health professional. A PCP may recommend a patient see a psychiatrist for medication management or a referral to a psychotherapist for talk therapy . Before starting treatment, the mental health professional who is making a diagnosis will interview the patient. Questions often focus on symptoms, history of symptoms, and difficulties with functioning. 2  Family members may be interviewed as well. This is especially true when a child is being diagnosed with a mental illness or when an individual has poor insight or is an unreliable reporter. The mental health professional will also observe the patient in the office. Some symptoms may be obvious in the interview, such as low energy or hyperactivity.
https://www.verywellmind.com/is-there-a-mental-illness-test-4587967
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#0_3194467483
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Stress Management Situational Stress Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of "8 Keys to Stress Management." Learn about our editorial process Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments. Learn about our Review Board Carly Snyder, MD Updated on December 09, 2020 digitalskillet / Getty Images Table of Contents View All Table of Contents Be Good to Yourself Understand You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings The holiday season is generally thought of as a time of joy and love, but for many people, it’s a time of loneliness. Some people live far from family and miss seeing their loved ones this time of year; others dread going to holiday parties and New Year’s Eve celebrations and end up staying home. Even those with an abundance of friends and family nearby may feel more lonely this year with restrictions on travel and gatherings due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It’s also common for people to feel emotional distance from the people they’re with, which can result in feeling lonely even when in a room full of people. For those who feel a sense of loneliness, holidays can be a time of additional stress, even those like Valentine's Day or even Independence Day. 1  The following suggestions can help.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#1_3194469918
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: others dread going to holiday parties and New Year’s Eve celebrations and end up staying home. Even those with an abundance of friends and family nearby may feel more lonely this year with restrictions on travel and gatherings due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It’s also common for people to feel emotional distance from the people they’re with, which can result in feeling lonely even when in a room full of people. For those who feel a sense of loneliness, holidays can be a time of additional stress, even those like Valentine's Day or even Independence Day. 1  The following suggestions can help. Be Good to Yourself While it may not completely erase feelings of loneliness, taking special care of yourself can help you to feel better and enjoy your solitude more. Whether you take a relaxing bath and give yourself spa treatments, curl up with a good book, enjoy a hobby, or learn something new, doing something for yourself is a form of self-care that is especially important during difficult times. Taking time to do things that will enhance your self-esteem or at least give you a good dose of fun will not only take your focus off of feeling alone but can lift your spirits as well. Understand That You’re Not Alone While you may be feeling alone in your life right now, know that you're not alone: The holidays can be a lonely time for many.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#3_3194473879
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: 2  Some people wish they could be with family, but can’t; others mourn the relationships with family that they wish they had or long for closer connections with friends. Similarly, some may wish for a supportive romantic relationship and find themselves feeling especially isolated during the holidays. 1  While it may be uncomfortable to feel lonely, it’s also OK to feel this way. Talking to others who may share your feelings (either via the internet or in real life) can help you to feel less alone in your situation. Rethink Your Expectations Part of why holidays feel more lonely for many people is that our society has high expectations for this time of year. The absence of a romantic partner or a close family seems magnified during this busy time when we’re all supposed to be going to parties, exchanging gifts, and enjoying jolly feelings with loved ones. One way to deal with the feelings of loneliness is to rethink your expectations. For example, realizing that it's just fine to take a good friend (instead of "the perfect date") to a holiday party, or that the imperfect love of a difficult family member still counts as love, has helped many people feel less lonely. It's also important to realize that few people’s lifestyles truly measure up to “movie standards” of perfect living, and in doing so, shift your focus to all the great things you do have in your life.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#4_3194475957
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: Rethink Your Expectations Part of why holidays feel more lonely for many people is that our society has high expectations for this time of year. The absence of a romantic partner or a close family seems magnified during this busy time when we’re all supposed to be going to parties, exchanging gifts, and enjoying jolly feelings with loved ones. One way to deal with the feelings of loneliness is to rethink your expectations. For example, realizing that it's just fine to take a good friend (instead of "the perfect date") to a holiday party, or that the imperfect love of a difficult family member still counts as love, has helped many people feel less lonely. It's also important to realize that few people’s lifestyles truly measure up to “movie standards” of perfect living, and in doing so, shift your focus to all the great things you do have in your life. Note: Social media can create significant amounts of stress in this area, so do your best to count your blessings instead of comparing yourself to others and the life they portray online. Get Connected You may feel lonely when surrounded by people, but it’s harder to feel lonely when you’re reaching out to them. 3  Whether you’re saying hello to neighbors, exchanging friendly words with people at the office, writing holiday cards, or picking up the phone and calling an old friend you haven’t spoken to in a while, reaching out to people and strengthening bonds can help you feel more connected and less lonely. This may be a time to message people over social media whose statuses you usually simply "like," and catch up on old friendships.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#5_3194478235
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: Note: Social media can create significant amounts of stress in this area, so do your best to count your blessings instead of comparing yourself to others and the life they portray online. Get Connected You may feel lonely when surrounded by people, but it’s harder to feel lonely when you’re reaching out to them. 3  Whether you’re saying hello to neighbors, exchanging friendly words with people at the office, writing holiday cards, or picking up the phone and calling an old friend you haven’t spoken to in a while, reaching out to people and strengthening bonds can help you feel more connected and less lonely. This may be a time to message people over social media whose statuses you usually simply "like," and catch up on old friendships. 4  Virtual holiday celebrations will also likely be popular this year as people do their best to connect with friends and family who they're unable to see in person due to COVID-19 restrictions and precautions. How to Cultivate Social Support Cultivate Gratitude There are many far-reaching benefits to practicing gratitude. One easy antidote to feelings of lack is to cultivate feelings of gratitude for what you have; it's hard to focus on both at once. 5  If you're feeling a lack of love in your life, make a concerted effort to focus on the love that you do have—from friends, family, neighbors, and even pets.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#6_3194480293
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: 4  Virtual holiday celebrations will also likely be popular this year as people do their best to connect with friends and family who they're unable to see in person due to COVID-19 restrictions and precautions. How to Cultivate Social Support Cultivate Gratitude There are many far-reaching benefits to practicing gratitude. One easy antidote to feelings of lack is to cultivate feelings of gratitude for what you have; it's hard to focus on both at once. 5  If you're feeling a lack of love in your life, make a concerted effort to focus on the love that you do have—from friends, family, neighbors, and even pets. You can also focus on things you really value in your life like your work, hobbies, or even your potential. Maintaining a gratitude journal can be a wonderful exercise in cultivating an attitude of gratitude. Better still, it can leave you with a written record of everything you have to value in your life to read through when you're feeling down. Give to Others One particularly meaningful way to feel less lonely during the holidays is to donate your time to a cause you believe in. 3  Helping others who are less fortunate can fill you with feelings of love and pride.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#7_3194482156
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: You can also focus on things you really value in your life like your work, hobbies, or even your potential. Maintaining a gratitude journal can be a wonderful exercise in cultivating an attitude of gratitude. Better still, it can leave you with a written record of everything you have to value in your life to read through when you're feeling down. Give to Others One particularly meaningful way to feel less lonely during the holidays is to donate your time to a cause you believe in. 3  Helping others who are less fortunate can fill you with feelings of love and pride. It also can remind you of all you have to be grateful for, and even connect you with others who share your passion. You’ll be part of something larger than yourself, and you’ll be immersing yourself in the true spirit of the holiday season. Perhaps someone in your community lost their job amidst the coronavirus pandemic and can use a little extra goodwill this year. Drop off an unexpected gift on their doorstep, or reach out to find out if they're having trouble affording a specific present for a little one on their list. How Helping Others Can Reduce Stress Examine Your Feelings Though this particular exercise probably won’t make you feel better immediately, if you feel lonely much of the time, this may be a sign that some changes are in order for the coming year.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1566200264#8_3194484145
Title: Loneliness: How to Cope During the Holiday Season Headings: Loneliness and the Holidays Loneliness and the Holidays Dealing With Loneliness During the Holiday Season Be Good to Yourself Understand That You’re Not Alone Rethink Your Expectations Get Connected Cultivate Gratitude Give to Others Examine Your Feelings Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast A Word From Verywell Content: It also can remind you of all you have to be grateful for, and even connect you with others who share your passion. You’ll be part of something larger than yourself, and you’ll be immersing yourself in the true spirit of the holiday season. Perhaps someone in your community lost their job amidst the coronavirus pandemic and can use a little extra goodwill this year. Drop off an unexpected gift on their doorstep, or reach out to find out if they're having trouble affording a specific present for a little one on their list. How Helping Others Can Reduce Stress Examine Your Feelings Though this particular exercise probably won’t make you feel better immediately, if you feel lonely much of the time, this may be a sign that some changes are in order for the coming year. You may want to examine what’s behind your feelings of loneliness, either on your own or with the help of a therapist. There are many ways to connect with a therapist online right now, so you don’t even have to leave your home. Would you benefit from putting more time into your social life so that you have stronger relationships? Is something inside of you causing you to keep people at a distance? If you’d like to deepen your friendships, it can cost a little extra time and energy, but the payoff is having increased support and feelings of being heard and understood.
https://www.verywellmind.com/loneliness-and-the-holidays-3144645
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569303976#7_3202100399
Title: An Overview of Social Psychology Headings: An Overview of Social Psychology An Overview of Social Psychology What Is Social Psychology? History of Social Psychology How Social Psychology Differs From Other Disciplines A Word From Verywell Content: In reality, the shocks were not real and the other individual was only pretending to be hurt by the electrical pulses. But 65% of those who took part in the study delivered the maximum level of shock simply because an authority figure told them to do so. 4  Social psychology has continued to grow throughout the twentieth century, inspiring research that has contributed to our understanding of social experience and behavior. Our social world makes up such a tremendous part of our lives, so it is no wonder that this topic is so fascinating to many. How Social Psychology Differs From Other Disciplines Social psychology is often confused with folk wisdom, personality psychology, and sociology. Unlike folk wisdom, which relies on anecdotal observations and subjective interpretation, social psychology employs scientific methods and empirical study. Researchers do not make assumptions about how people behave; they devise and carry out experiments that help point out relationships between different variables. Personality psychology focuses on individual traits, characteristics, and thoughts. Social psychology is focused on situations.
https://www.verywellmind.com/social-psychology-4157177
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569303976#8_3202101989
Title: An Overview of Social Psychology Headings: An Overview of Social Psychology An Overview of Social Psychology What Is Social Psychology? History of Social Psychology How Social Psychology Differs From Other Disciplines A Word From Verywell Content: Unlike folk wisdom, which relies on anecdotal observations and subjective interpretation, social psychology employs scientific methods and empirical study. Researchers do not make assumptions about how people behave; they devise and carry out experiments that help point out relationships between different variables. Personality psychology focuses on individual traits, characteristics, and thoughts. Social psychology is focused on situations. Social psychologists are interested in the impact that the social environment and group interactions have on attitudes and behaviors. Finally, it is important to distinguish between social psychology and sociology. While there are many similarities between the two, sociology tends to look at social behavior and influences at a very broad-based level. Sociologists are interested in the institutions and cultures that influence how people behave. Psychologists instead focus on situational variables that affect social behavior.
https://www.verywellmind.com/social-psychology-4157177
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569450121#8_3202499322
Title: How to Stay Mentally Healthy During Coronavirus Headings: How to Stay Mentally Healthy During the Coronavirus Pandemic How to Stay Mentally Healthy During the Coronavirus Pandemic Key Takeaways Why Coronavirus Might Impact Your Mental Health Stress Disrupted Routines Cabin Fever Lack of Social Contact Reduced Physical Activity Warning Signs Changes in Mood Changes in Sleep Habits Changes in Appetite or Weight Difficulty Functioning Steps You Can Take to Manage Your Mental Health Get Physically Active Schedule Time to Worry Maintain Social Connections Keep the Big Picture in Mind Be Selective About Your Media Consumption Focus on the Things You Can Control Practice Healthy Coping Skills How to Find Support What This Means For You Content: Changes in Mood You might feel like you’re on a bit of an emotional rollercoaster right now. Whether you’re more irritable, sad, or anxious than usual, these emotions should be expected. However, bigger shifts in your mood might be the sign of something more serious. If you’re struggling to manage your emotions, or if your emotions are making it difficult to function, it can be a sign that you may need to address your mental health. Changes in Sleep Habits Stress can also interfere with sleep. You might find you’re not able to fall asleep or that you wake up repeatedly throughout the night. On the flip side, you might find you’re sleeping too much. Maybe you nap throughout the day and have trouble waking in the morning despite a full night’s rest. Getting too much or too little sleep are both signs of mental illness. But these issues can also be the cause of a negative impact on your psychological well-being.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stay-mentally-strong-during-coronavirus-4800190
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#0_3202832331
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress Management Effects on Health How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of "8 Keys to Stress Management." Learn about our editorial process Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 06, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 19, 2021 PeopleImages/iStock A little stress can be a great motivator, as any student can tell you. A lot of stress, however, can often create more of an obstacle than a benefit. This is true when it comes to many things, including health-promoting behaviors, relationships, and even our memories. Stress can inhibit the way we form and retrieve memories and can affect how our memory works. Fortunately, there is good news here to balance out the bad. Here is what research tells us about the effects of stress on memory. Stress and Memory Stress can affect how memories are formed. When stressed, people have a more difficult time creating short-term memories and turning those short-term memories into long-term memories, meaning that it is more difficult to learn when stressed.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#1_3202834166
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Stress can inhibit the way we form and retrieve memories and can affect how our memory works. Fortunately, there is good news here to balance out the bad. Here is what research tells us about the effects of stress on memory. Stress and Memory Stress can affect how memories are formed. When stressed, people have a more difficult time creating short-term memories and turning those short-term memories into long-term memories, meaning that it is more difficult to learn when stressed. Stress can affect the type of memories we form as well. If we are stressed during an event, we may have more difficulty accurately remembering the details of the event later, as the stress we felt colors our perceptions as well as our ability to recall what we perceived at the time. This is part of why eye-witness testimony is so unreliable—people can be absolutely sure they saw something a certain way, but this doesn't mean that they are correct. Memories can also change after they are formed. In fact, every time we retrieve a memory, we color it with our present experience of it, like when we take something off a shelf and then put it back, leaving fingerprints from having handled it again.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#2_3202835758
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Stress can affect the type of memories we form as well. If we are stressed during an event, we may have more difficulty accurately remembering the details of the event later, as the stress we felt colors our perceptions as well as our ability to recall what we perceived at the time. This is part of why eye-witness testimony is so unreliable—people can be absolutely sure they saw something a certain way, but this doesn't mean that they are correct. Memories can also change after they are formed. In fact, every time we retrieve a memory, we color it with our present experience of it, like when we take something off a shelf and then put it back, leaving fingerprints from having handled it again. Research shows that if people are questioned and given misleading information about something they experienced, that information will color their memory and influence what they thought they experienced and that this information (because it is more recent than the event itself) is easier to recall. This is why false memories can be created with well-intentioned lines of questioning. 1  A recent meta-analysis was conducted on 113 stress studies, meaning that researchers examined that many independent studies on stress and memory to determine what the major findings were. There is ample evidence that stress affects memory, and these studies just lent more support for that research: 2  One of the most interesting findings was that stress could impede the formation of memories if it occurred prior to or during encoding, the time during which the memory is formed.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#3_3202837750
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Research shows that if people are questioned and given misleading information about something they experienced, that information will color their memory and influence what they thought they experienced and that this information (because it is more recent than the event itself) is easier to recall. This is why false memories can be created with well-intentioned lines of questioning. 1  A recent meta-analysis was conducted on 113 stress studies, meaning that researchers examined that many independent studies on stress and memory to determine what the major findings were. There is ample evidence that stress affects memory, and these studies just lent more support for that research: 2  One of the most interesting findings was that stress could impede the formation of memories if it occurred prior to or during encoding, the time during which the memory is formed. The good news is that there was a short delay between encoding and the formation of memory. Also, if the material being learned was directly related to the stressor, memory actually improved. Even better, post-encoding stress actually improved memory formation and retrieval as well, meaning stress that occurred after the memory was formed actually led to better memory-making. 2  Stress increased cortisol, but the amount of cortisol was not directly related to the effects of stress on memory. This means that if you create more cortisol during your stress response, this won't necessarily mean that your memory will be more impaired than someone who is less hormonally-responsive.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#4_3202839727
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: The good news is that there was a short delay between encoding and the formation of memory. Also, if the material being learned was directly related to the stressor, memory actually improved. Even better, post-encoding stress actually improved memory formation and retrieval as well, meaning stress that occurred after the memory was formed actually led to better memory-making. 2  Stress increased cortisol, but the amount of cortisol was not directly related to the effects of stress on memory. This means that if you create more cortisol during your stress response, this won't necessarily mean that your memory will be more impaired than someone who is less hormonally-responsive. Interestingly, women who were on oral contraceptives experienced less of a negative effect. 2  Stress can also lead to exhaustion, and this can lead to cognitive impairment that includes issues with attention and working memory. Unfortunately, memory impairment can still be detected three years later, even after the exhaustion has been addressed. 3  This underscores the importance of managing stress before it gets to this point.​ Improve Your Memory Under Stress There are several things you can do to improve your memory when stressed. Fortunately, these techniques also help manage stress.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#5_3202841435
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Interestingly, women who were on oral contraceptives experienced less of a negative effect. 2  Stress can also lead to exhaustion, and this can lead to cognitive impairment that includes issues with attention and working memory. Unfortunately, memory impairment can still be detected three years later, even after the exhaustion has been addressed. 3  This underscores the importance of managing stress before it gets to this point.​ Improve Your Memory Under Stress There are several things you can do to improve your memory when stressed. Fortunately, these techniques also help manage stress. One of the most important things you can do is to practice personal self-care: get enough sleep, eat a healthy diet, and manage stress. Poor sleep, high stress, and other physical problems can affect memory as well as contribute to the stress that impedes memory formation and retrieval. There are other important strategies you can use as well. Here are some research-backed strategies you can use:
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#6_3202842851
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: One of the most important things you can do is to practice personal self-care: get enough sleep, eat a healthy diet, and manage stress. Poor sleep, high stress, and other physical problems can affect memory as well as contribute to the stress that impedes memory formation and retrieval. There are other important strategies you can use as well. Here are some research-backed strategies you can use: Train yourself in breathing exercises and other techniques. One study of police cadets in training has found that psychological performance training can improve the recall of cadets who experienced stress compared to those who didn't learn and practice these techniques. 4  The techniques that were used included breathing exercises, a popular stress management technique; mental performance imagery, which involves vividly imagining practice and success; and attentional focus.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#7_3202844136
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Train yourself in breathing exercises and other techniques. One study of police cadets in training has found that psychological performance training can improve the recall of cadets who experienced stress compared to those who didn't learn and practice these techniques. 4  The techniques that were used included breathing exercises, a popular stress management technique; mental performance imagery, which involves vividly imagining practice and success; and attentional focus. This means that, when stressed, you can focus on breathing and focusing your attention, as well as vividly imagining yourself reaching your goals; this has proven benefits. Get moving. A study that examined the effects of an aerobic exercise program on memory-impaired people found that a 12-week exercise program indeed improved their memory over those who didn't enroll in the program. 5  The subjects involved in the study were experiencing mild cognitive impairment from the effects of stress-related exhaustion, so these results are especially relevant for those who are stressed.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#8_3202845613
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: This means that, when stressed, you can focus on breathing and focusing your attention, as well as vividly imagining yourself reaching your goals; this has proven benefits. Get moving. A study that examined the effects of an aerobic exercise program on memory-impaired people found that a 12-week exercise program indeed improved their memory over those who didn't enroll in the program. 5  The subjects involved in the study were experiencing mild cognitive impairment from the effects of stress-related exhaustion, so these results are especially relevant for those who are stressed. Practice mindfulness. Researchers found that practicing mindfulness can help with your memory not only by minimizing the stress that can be impairing it but also by enabling better quality sleep. One study, which showed that those who experience stress and memory issues often experience sleep problems, found that practicing mindfulness resulted in less stress as well as fewer memory issues and sleep problems. 6  Learn some tricks. There are some simple tricks like clenching your fists or moving your eyes from side to side which can help with memory creation as well.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#9_3202847185
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Practice mindfulness. Researchers found that practicing mindfulness can help with your memory not only by minimizing the stress that can be impairing it but also by enabling better quality sleep. One study, which showed that those who experience stress and memory issues often experience sleep problems, found that practicing mindfulness resulted in less stress as well as fewer memory issues and sleep problems. 6  Learn some tricks. There are some simple tricks like clenching your fists or moving your eyes from side to side which can help with memory creation as well. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Struggling with stress? Our guide offers expert advice on how to better manage stress levels. Get it FREE when you sign up for our newsletter.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#11_3202849061
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Sign Up You're in! Thank you, , for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Loftus EF. Planting misinformation in the human mind: a 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#12_3202849990
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Loftus EF. Planting misinformation in the human mind: a 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learn Mem. 2005;12 (4):361-6. doi:10.1101/lm.94705 Shields GS, Sazma MA, Mccullough AM, Yonelinas AP. The effects of acute stress on episodic memory: A meta-analysis and integrative review.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#13_3202850999
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Learn Mem. 2005;12 (4):361-6. doi:10.1101/lm.94705 Shields GS, Sazma MA, Mccullough AM, Yonelinas AP. The effects of acute stress on episodic memory: A meta-analysis and integrative review. Psychol Bull. 2017;143 (6):636-675. doi:10.1037/bul0000100 Jonsdottir IH, Nordlund A, Ellbin S, et al. Working memory and attention are still impaired after three years in patients with stress-related exhaustion. Scand J Psychol.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#14_3202851822
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: Psychol Bull. 2017;143 (6):636-675. doi:10.1037/bul0000100 Jonsdottir IH, Nordlund A, Ellbin S, et al. Working memory and attention are still impaired after three years in patients with stress-related exhaustion. Scand J Psychol. 2017;58 (6):504-509. doi:10.1111/sjop.12394 Page JW, Asken M, Zwemer CF, et al. Brief mental skills training improves memory and performance in high stress police cadet training . J Police Crim Psych. 2016;31:122–126.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#15_3202852678
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: 2017;58 (6):504-509. doi:10.1111/sjop.12394 Page JW, Asken M, Zwemer CF, et al. Brief mental skills training improves memory and performance in high stress police cadet training . J Police Crim Psych. 2016;31:122–126. doi:10.1007/s11896-015-9171-8 Eskilsson T, Slunga järvholm L, Malmberg gavelin H, Stigsdotter neely A, Boraxbekk CJ. Aerobic training for improved memory in patients with stress-related exhaustion: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17 (1):322.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#16_3202853571
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: doi:10.1007/s11896-015-9171-8 Eskilsson T, Slunga järvholm L, Malmberg gavelin H, Stigsdotter neely A, Boraxbekk CJ. Aerobic training for improved memory in patients with stress-related exhaustion: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17 (1):322. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1457-1 Brisbon NM, Lachman ME. Dispositional mindfulness and memory problems: the role of perceived stress and sleep quality. Mindfulness (N Y). 2017;8 (2):379-386.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569600860#17_3202854429
Title: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Headings: How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress and Memory Improve Your Memory Under Stress Content: doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1457-1 Brisbon NM, Lachman ME. Dispositional mindfulness and memory problems: the role of perceived stress and sleep quality. Mindfulness (N Y). 2017;8 (2):379-386. doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0607-8 Additional Reading Wolf OT, Atsak P, De quervain DJ, Roozendaal B, Wingenfeld K. Stress and memory: a selective review on recent developments in the understanding of stress hormone effects on memory and their clinical relevance. J Neuroendocrinol. 2016;28 (8). doi:10.1111/jne.12353 Speak to a Therapist Online Advertiser Disclosure × The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Verywell Mind receives compensation.
https://www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-your-memory-4158323
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569743323#2_3203197493
Title: Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior in People With BPD Headings: Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder Self-Harm and Suicide in BPD Severe Emotional Pain Duration Comorbidity Impulsivity Substance Use Brain Abnormalities How to Get Help If You're Having Suicidal Thoughts Help a Loved One With BPD Who Is Suicidal Content: 2  Self-Harm and Suicide in BPD There are several factors related to BPD that may explain why suicide, self-harm, and suicide attempts are so common. Severe Emotional Pain BPD is associated with very intense negative emotional experiences. 3  These experiences are so painful that many people with BPD report that they want to find a way to escape. They may use a number of different strategies to try to reduce their emotional pain, such as deliberate self-harm, substance use, and even suicide. Duration BPD is a chronic condition and usually lasts for years. One of the most unique aspects of BPD is suicidal ideation. People with this condition may consider suicide on a daily basis for months, even years. 4  This may leave people with BPD feeling that there is no other way out, despite the fact that there are effective treatments available for BPD. Comorbidity BPD tends to co-occur with other mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder, major depression, and schizoaffective disorder. When there are other mental disorders present, the risk of suicide increases.
https://www.verywellmind.com/suicidality-in-borderline-personality-disorder-425485
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569743323#3_3203199184
Title: Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior in People With BPD Headings: Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder Self-Harm and Suicide in BPD Severe Emotional Pain Duration Comorbidity Impulsivity Substance Use Brain Abnormalities How to Get Help If You're Having Suicidal Thoughts Help a Loved One With BPD Who Is Suicidal Content: One of the most unique aspects of BPD is suicidal ideation. People with this condition may consider suicide on a daily basis for months, even years. 4  This may leave people with BPD feeling that there is no other way out, despite the fact that there are effective treatments available for BPD. Comorbidity BPD tends to co-occur with other mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder, major depression, and schizoaffective disorder. When there are other mental disorders present, the risk of suicide increases. 5  Impulsivity BPD is associated with impulsivity, or a tendency to act quickly without thinking about consequences. Individuals with BPD may engage in suicidal behaviors in a moment of intense emotional pain without fully considering the consequences. Substance Use BPD often co-occurs with substance use, and the use of drugs or alcohol is a risk factor for suicide all by itself. When substance use issues are combined with BPD, this may be a particularly lethal combination. Substance use can lead to even greater impulsivity, and people who are using substances have access to a means for overdose.
https://www.verywellmind.com/suicidality-in-borderline-personality-disorder-425485
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569839230#10_3203459030
Title: 5 Surprising Ways That Stress Affects Your Brain Headings: 5 Surprising Ways That Stress Affects Your Brain 5 Surprising Ways That Stress Affects Your Brain Chronic Stress Increases Mental Illness Stress Changes the Brain's Structure Stress Kills Brain Cells Stress Shrinks the Brain Stress Hurts Your Memory A Word From Verywell Content: 2 Chronic, everyday stress appeared to have little impact on brain volume on its own but may make people more vulnerable to brain shrinkage when they are faced with intense, traumatic stressors. “The accumulation of stressful life events may make it more challenging for these individuals to deal with future stress, particularly if the next demanding event requires effortful control, emotion regulation, or integrated social processing to overcome it,” explained the study’s lead author, Emily Ansell. 10 Different kinds of stress affect the brain in different ways. Recent stressful events (job loss, car accident) affect emotional awareness. Traumatic events (death of a loved one, serious illness) have a greater impact on mood centers. 5 Stress Hurts Your Memory Debbi Smirnoff / E+ / Getty Images If you've ever tried to remember the details of a stressful event, you are probably aware that sometimes stress can make events can be difficult to remember. Even relatively minor stress can have an immediate impact on your memory, such as struggling to remember where your car keys are or where you left your briefcase when you are late for work. One study found that chronic stress has a negative impact on what is known as spatial memory, or the ability to recall information the location of objects in the environment as well as spatial orientation. 11 A 2014 study revealed that high levels of the stress hormone cortisol were connected to short-term memory declines in older rats. 12 The overall impact of stress on memory hinges on a number of variables, one of which is timing.
https://www.verywellmind.com/surprising-ways-that-stress-affects-your-brain-2795040
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1569839230#11_3203461201
Title: 5 Surprising Ways That Stress Affects Your Brain Headings: 5 Surprising Ways That Stress Affects Your Brain 5 Surprising Ways That Stress Affects Your Brain Chronic Stress Increases Mental Illness Stress Changes the Brain's Structure Stress Kills Brain Cells Stress Shrinks the Brain Stress Hurts Your Memory A Word From Verywell Content: 5 Stress Hurts Your Memory Debbi Smirnoff / E+ / Getty Images If you've ever tried to remember the details of a stressful event, you are probably aware that sometimes stress can make events can be difficult to remember. Even relatively minor stress can have an immediate impact on your memory, such as struggling to remember where your car keys are or where you left your briefcase when you are late for work. One study found that chronic stress has a negative impact on what is known as spatial memory, or the ability to recall information the location of objects in the environment as well as spatial orientation. 11 A 2014 study revealed that high levels of the stress hormone cortisol were connected to short-term memory declines in older rats. 12 The overall impact of stress on memory hinges on a number of variables, one of which is timing. Research suggests that when stress occurs immediately before learning, memory can actually be enhanced by aiding in memory consolidation. 13 On the other hand, stress has been shown to impede memory retrieval. For example, studies have shown that exposure to stress impairs memory retrieval in children. 14 5 Brain Training Exercises to Strengthen Your Mind The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs We've tried, tested and written unbiased reviews of the best online therapy programs including Talkspace, Betterhelp, and Regain. A Word From Verywell While stress is certainly a part of life that cannot be avoided in many cases, researchers do believe that by understanding exactly how and why stress impacts the brain, they can gain insight into preventing or even undoing so
https://www.verywellmind.com/surprising-ways-that-stress-affects-your-brain-2795040
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1570045521#5_3203976383
Title: The Tension Between Inner Self and Outer Self Headings: The Tension Between Inner and Outer Self The Tension Between Inner and Outer Self The Outer Self The Inner Self Conflict Between Inner and Outer Self Balancing the Inner and Outer Self A Word From Verywell Content: How much of the time are you "running on empty," just struggling to get through the demands of the day, without considering whether your actions and behaviors are in line with your inner self? The conflict between the two selves can result in stress, which makes you more vulnerable to illness. Your daily functioning may also be affected. You may feel successful on the outside but empty on the inside. When this happens, you may also be at risk for quick fixes to heal your pain, such as turning to drugs or alcohol. One way to identify if you are experiencing a conflict between your inner and outer selves is to identify gaps between your true values and outer actions. Take a moment and list your core values. These might be things like believing in the value of honesty, integrity, friendship, helpfulness, etc. Make a list of activities that you do each day that is in alignment with each value. Examples might include calling friends to see how they are doing or telling the truth even when it is difficult.
https://www.verywellmind.com/tension-between-inner-self-and-outer-self-4171297
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1570439330#0_3204990870
Title: The Incentive Theory of Motivation Headings: The Incentive Theory of Motivation The Incentive Theory of Motivation History of the Incentive Theory How Does Incentive Theory Work? Why Some Incentives Are More Motivating Than Others A Word From Verywell Content: The Incentive Theory of Motivation Theories The Incentive Theory of Motivation By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial process Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on February 24, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is the Editor-in-Chief of Verywell Mind. She's also a psychotherapist, the author of the bestselling book "13 Things Mentally Strong People Don't Do," and the host of The Verywell Mind Podcast. Learn about our Review Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on March 04, 2020 What forces are behind your actions? Do you get up and head to the gym each day because you know it's good for you, or is it because of some type of external reward? There are many different reasons why people do things. Sometimes people are motivated to act because of internal desires and wishes, but at other times, behaviors are driven by a desire for external rewards. According to one theory of human motivation, actions are often inspired by a desire to gain outside reinforcement. The incentive theory is one of the major theories of motivation and suggests that behavior is motivated by a desire for reinforcement or incentives. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell History of the Incentive Theory Incentive theory began to emerge during the 1940s and 1950s, building on the earlier drive theories established by psychologists such as Clark Hull.
https://www.verywellmind.com/the-incentive-theory-of-motivation-2795382
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1570439330#1_3204992869
Title: The Incentive Theory of Motivation Headings: The Incentive Theory of Motivation The Incentive Theory of Motivation History of the Incentive Theory How Does Incentive Theory Work? Why Some Incentives Are More Motivating Than Others A Word From Verywell Content: There are many different reasons why people do things. Sometimes people are motivated to act because of internal desires and wishes, but at other times, behaviors are driven by a desire for external rewards. According to one theory of human motivation, actions are often inspired by a desire to gain outside reinforcement. The incentive theory is one of the major theories of motivation and suggests that behavior is motivated by a desire for reinforcement or incentives. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell History of the Incentive Theory Incentive theory began to emerge during the 1940s and 1950s, building on the earlier drive theories established by psychologists such as Clark Hull. Rather than focusing on more intrinsic forces behind motivation, the incentive theory proposes that people are pulled toward behaviors that lead to rewards and pushed away from actions that might lead to negative consequences. Two people may act in different ways in the same situation based entirely on the types of incentives that are available to them at that time. You can probably think of many different situations where your behavior was directly influenced by the promise of a reward or punishment. Perhaps you studied for an exam in order to get a good grade, ran a marathon in order to receive recognition, or took a new position at work in order to get a raise. All of these actions were influenced by an incentive to gain something in return for your efforts.
https://www.verywellmind.com/the-incentive-theory-of-motivation-2795382
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1570551993#18_3205315513
Title: The Psychology of Cyberbullying Headings: The Psychology of Cyberbullying The Psychology of Cyberbullying What Is Cyberbullying? Intention Repetition Power Imbalance Anonymity Publicity Forms of Cyberbullying Why Do People Cyberbully? Mental Health Issues Victims of Bullying Result of Conflicts or Breakups Boredom or Trying Out a New Persona Loneliness or Isolation Why People Become Cyberbullies Non-Confrontational & Anonymous No Need for Popularity or Physical Dominance No Barrier to Entry No Feedback From Victim How Cyberbullying Differs From In-Person Bullying Effects of Cyberbullying Characteristics of Victims How to Deal with a Cyber Bully As a Parent As an Adult As a Community What If You Are the Cyberbully? You Are Struggling With a Mental Health Issue You Were a Victim Yourself You Had a Conflict or Breakup You Are Lonely or Isolated You Are Bored A Word From Verywell Content: This can make victims feel as though they have no escape, particularly if the bullying involves sharing of their personal information or when something posted about them goes viral. This type of bullying can go on for an extended period of time. Effects of Cyberbullying There are numerous effects that may be seen in those who are dealing with cyberbullying. It can be helpful to know what to expect to see in a victim, as this can be one way to identify when someone is being bullied online. Some of these effects are even stronger than what is seen with traditional bullying, as the victim often cannot escape the abusive situation. They may include: 11  Feelings o
https://www.verywellmind.com/the-psychology-of-cyberbullying-5086615
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1572024998#3_3208913683
Title: 10 Ways to Enhance Your Resilience Headings: 10 Ways to Build Your Resilience 10 Ways to Build Your Resilience Find a Sense of Purpose Believe in Your Abilities Develop a Strong Social Network Embrace Change Be Optimistic Nurture Yourself Develop Problem-Solving Skills Establish Goals Take Action Keep Working on Your Skills Content: Listen for negative comments in your head. When you hear them, practice immediately replacing them with positive ones, such as, "I can do this," "I'm a great friend/mother/partner," or "I'm good at my job." Research has demonstrated that your self-esteem plays an important role in coping with stress and recovering from difficult events. Remind yourself of your strengths and accomplishments. 3 Develop a Strong Social Network JGI / Jamie Grill / Getty Images It's important to have people you can confide in. Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won't make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems. Social Support Is Imperative for Health and Well-Being 4 Embrace Change Aaron McCoy / Getty Images Flexibility is an essential part of resilience. By learning how to be more adaptable, you'll be better equipped to respond when faced with a life crisis. Resilient people often utilize these events as an opportunity to branch out in new directions.
https://www.verywellmind.com/ways-to-become-more-resilient-2795063
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1572024998#4_3208915425
Title: 10 Ways to Enhance Your Resilience Headings: 10 Ways to Build Your Resilience 10 Ways to Build Your Resilience Find a Sense of Purpose Believe in Your Abilities Develop a Strong Social Network Embrace Change Be Optimistic Nurture Yourself Develop Problem-Solving Skills Establish Goals Take Action Keep Working on Your Skills Content: Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won't make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems. Social Support Is Imperative for Health and Well-Being 4 Embrace Change Aaron McCoy / Getty Images Flexibility is an essential part of resilience. By learning how to be more adaptable, you'll be better equipped to respond when faced with a life crisis. Resilient people often utilize these events as an opportunity to branch out in new directions. While some people may be crushed by abrupt changes, highly resilient individuals are able to adapt and thrive. How to Adapt to a Stressful Situation 5 Be Optimistic Lilly Roadstones / Getty Images Staying optimistic during dark periods can be difficult, but maintaining a hopeful outlook is an important part of resiliency. What you are dealing with may be difficult, but it's important to remain hopeful and positive about a brighter future. Positive thinking does not mean ignoring the problem in order to focus on positive outcomes. It means understanding that setbacks are temporary and that you have the skills and abilities to combat the challenges you face.
https://www.verywellmind.com/ways-to-become-more-resilient-2795063
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1572024998#5_3208917316
Title: 10 Ways to Enhance Your Resilience Headings: 10 Ways to Build Your Resilience 10 Ways to Build Your Resilience Find a Sense of Purpose Believe in Your Abilities Develop a Strong Social Network Embrace Change Be Optimistic Nurture Yourself Develop Problem-Solving Skills Establish Goals Take Action Keep Working on Your Skills Content: While some people may be crushed by abrupt changes, highly resilient individuals are able to adapt and thrive. How to Adapt to a Stressful Situation 5 Be Optimistic Lilly Roadstones / Getty Images Staying optimistic during dark periods can be difficult, but maintaining a hopeful outlook is an important part of resiliency. What you are dealing with may be difficult, but it's important to remain hopeful and positive about a brighter future. Positive thinking does not mean ignoring the problem in order to focus on positive outcomes. It means understanding that setbacks are temporary and that you have the skills and abilities to combat the challenges you face. The Many Benefits of Optimism 6 Nurture Yourself Westend61 / Getty Images When you're stressed, it can be all too easy to neglect your own needs. Losing your appetite, ignoring exercise, and not getting enough sleep are all common reactions to a crisis situation. Instead, focus on building your self-nurturance skills, even when you're troubled. Make time for activities that you enjoy. By taking care of your own needs, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life's challenges.
https://www.verywellmind.com/ways-to-become-more-resilient-2795063
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1572307404#2_3209618190
Title: Explore the Major Perspectives in Social Psychology Headings: The Major Perspectives in Social Psychology The Major Perspectives in Social Psychology 4 Major Perspectives Used by Social Psychologists Sociocultural Perspective Evolutionary Perspective Social Learning Perspective Social-Cognitive Perspective Use of Perspectives Content: Social psychologists using this perspective might look at how cultural norms and social influence impact social behavior. When considering something like aggression, for example, a person taking this perspective would look at how people are socialized to behave aggressively in certain situations. Sociocultural Theory: Examples and Applications Evolutionary Perspective Argues that social behaviors developed through genetics and inheritance. Emphasizes the role of biology and gene transmission across generations to explain current behavior. When looking at a social problem such as aggression, a psychologist taking this perspective would consider how genetics and evolutionary influences contributed to the development of the behavior. Social Learning Perspective Stresses the importance of unique experiences in family, school, community, etc. According to this viewpoint, we learn behaviors by observing and mimicking the behavior of others. In our earlier example of aggression, someone taking the social learning perspective would be interested in how people learn aggressive behaviors from parents, peers, and even media influences. Social-Cognitive Perspective Supports an information processing model of social behavior, where we notice, interpret, and judge the behavior of others.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-are-the-major-perspectives-in-social-psychology-2795909
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573251398#0_3211844910
Title: What Does BIPOC Mean? Headings: What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does BIPOC Mean? What Does Each Letter Mean? Indigenous People of Color How Does BIPOC Relate to POC? Why It Matters Uses Which Term to Use When Not to Use It Impact Effects of Mislabeling What to Do If You Get It Wrong Resources Books Organizations Content: What Does BIPOC Mean? Race and Identity What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial process Kendra Cherry Fact checked by Fact checked by Sean Blackburn on June 24, 2020 linkedin Sean is a fact checker and researcher with experience in sociology and field research. Learn about our editorial process Sean Blackburn Updated on September 17, 2020 Table of Contents View All Table of Contents What Does BIPOC Mean? Why It Matters Uses Impact Effects of Mislabeling Resources What Does BIPOC Mean? As people work to educate themselves about racism and racial justice, there are new terms and acronyms that some people may not be familiar with. BIPOC is one acronym that has become more prevalent due to the 2020 George Floyd protests against police brutality and the Black Lives Matter movement. The acronym BIPOC stands for "Black, Indigenous, and People Of Color" and is pronounced "buy-pock" as opposed to saying each letter individually. The BIPOC acronym originated from the term "people of color," which itself emerged as a “person-first” way to take back the phrase "colored people" from its racist history.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-bipoc-5025158
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573251398#1_3211846788
Title: What Does BIPOC Mean? Headings: What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does BIPOC Mean? What Does Each Letter Mean? Indigenous People of Color How Does BIPOC Relate to POC? Why It Matters Uses Which Term to Use When Not to Use It Impact Effects of Mislabeling What to Do If You Get It Wrong Resources Books Organizations Content: Why It Matters Uses Impact Effects of Mislabeling Resources What Does BIPOC Mean? As people work to educate themselves about racism and racial justice, there are new terms and acronyms that some people may not be familiar with. BIPOC is one acronym that has become more prevalent due to the 2020 George Floyd protests against police brutality and the Black Lives Matter movement. The acronym BIPOC stands for "Black, Indigenous, and People Of Color" and is pronounced "buy-pock" as opposed to saying each letter individually. The BIPOC acronym originated from the term "people of color," which itself emerged as a “person-first” way to take back the phrase "colored people" from its racist history. The BIPOC acronym builds on that, while also acknowledging that not all people of color have the same experiences or deal with the same types of injustice. What Does Each Letter Mean? Black refers to people who often have African or Caribbean ancestry. In history, the classification of people based on their skin-color has existed for centuries. However, in reality, people who are racially classified as Black can have a number of ranging skin tones.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-bipoc-5025158
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573251398#5_3211853951
Title: What Does BIPOC Mean? Headings: What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does BIPOC Mean? What Does Each Letter Mean? Indigenous People of Color How Does BIPOC Relate to POC? Why It Matters Uses Which Term to Use When Not to Use It Impact Effects of Mislabeling What to Do If You Get It Wrong Resources Books Organizations Content: POC on its own can often be seen as a way of erasing or minimizing the unique experiences of Black and Indigenous people. BIPOC, on the other hand, helps foster greater inclusion of people who have faced racism and mistreatment because of the color of their skin and their culture. The acronym POC can be used to imply that all people of color (Asian, Latinx, Black, Pacific Islander, and Middle Eastern, for example) have the same or similar experiences. It can also appear to insinuate that people from non-white ethnic groups are interchangeable. BIPOC aims to unite all people of color while also acknowledging the unique history of oppression, systemic racism, and cultural erasure that Black and Indigenous people face. BIPOC is a way of creating greater recognition and inclusion of these marginalized groups. Why It Matters Acronyms such as BIPOC can play an important role in serving different identities in our society. The labeling of non-white people has a long, often discriminatory history. More recently in history, people have adopted terms intended to foster greater inclusivity and sensitivity, such as the phrase 'person of color' or 'people of color.' While POC has become a useful way to describe people of non-white backgrounds from all over the world, there is an emerging awareness that there is a need to include more people and acknowledge that some groups are often left out of the conversation.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-bipoc-5025158
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573251398#6_3211855935
Title: What Does BIPOC Mean? Headings: What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does BIPOC Mean? What Does Each Letter Mean? Indigenous People of Color How Does BIPOC Relate to POC? Why It Matters Uses Which Term to Use When Not to Use It Impact Effects of Mislabeling What to Do If You Get It Wrong Resources Books Organizations Content: BIPOC is a way of creating greater recognition and inclusion of these marginalized groups. Why It Matters Acronyms such as BIPOC can play an important role in serving different identities in our society. The labeling of non-white people has a long, often discriminatory history. More recently in history, people have adopted terms intended to foster greater inclusivity and sensitivity, such as the phrase 'person of color' or 'people of color.' While POC has become a useful way to describe people of non-white backgrounds from all over the world, there is an emerging awareness that there is a need to include more people and acknowledge that some groups are often left out of the conversation. Indigenous people, for example, are often excluded from discussions of race issues. By including Black and Indigenous, the BIPOC acronym specifically addresses two groups that have faced and continue to face prevalent discrimination, racism, and oppression. Research has shown that racism and implicit bias can have a wide range of damaging consequences: Black children, especially Black boys, are more likely to be singled out due to behavioral issues, making them more likely to face expulsion from school. 1  There is significant racial disparity in the treatment of Black defendants in legal proceedings.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-bipoc-5025158
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573251398#7_3211857809
Title: What Does BIPOC Mean? Headings: What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does the Acronym BIPOC Mean? What Does BIPOC Mean? What Does Each Letter Mean? Indigenous People of Color How Does BIPOC Relate to POC? Why It Matters Uses Which Term to Use When Not to Use It Impact Effects of Mislabeling What to Do If You Get It Wrong Resources Books Organizations Content: Indigenous people, for example, are often excluded from discussions of race issues. By including Black and Indigenous, the BIPOC acronym specifically addresses two groups that have faced and continue to face prevalent discrimination, racism, and oppression. Research has shown that racism and implicit bias can have a wide range of damaging consequences: Black children, especially Black boys, are more likely to be singled out due to behavioral issues, making them more likely to face expulsion from school. 1  There is significant racial disparity in the treatment of Black defendants in legal proceedings. Black defendants are more likely to receive harsher and longer sentences than white defendants for the same or similar crimes. A report by the United States Sentencing Commission found that Black men receive sentences that are an average of 19.1% longer than those of white men. 2  Research has found that Indigenous people face discrimination and inequality in health care including stereotyping, abusive treatment, lack of access, and lower-quality care. Such disparities can have a significant detrimental impact on health and well-being. 3  Research has found that exposure to racial discrimination has a negative impact on the mental health of ethnic minorities.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-bipoc-5025158
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573345564#6_3212074409
Title: What Is Cognitive Dissonance? Headings: What Is Cognitive Dissonance? What Is Cognitive Dissonance? What Is Cognitive Dissonance? How Do You Know? Causes Forced Compliance New Information Decisions Influences Impact Dealing With Dissonance Potential Pitfalls History of Cognitive Dissonance A Word From Verywell Content: Cognitive dissonance can often have a powerful influence on our behaviors and actions. It doesn't just influence how you feel—it also motivates you to take action to reduce feelings of discomfort. Impact Cognitive dissonance can make people feel uneasy and uncomfortable, particularly if the disparity between their beliefs and behaviors involves something that is central to their sense of self. For example, behaving in ways that are not aligned with your personal values may result in intense feelings of discomfort. Your behavior contradicts not just the beliefs you have about the world, but also the beliefs that you have about yourself. This discomfort can manifest itself in a variety of ways. People may feel: Anxiety Embarrassment Regret Sadness Shame Stress Cognitive dissonance can even influence how people feel about and view themselves, leading to negative feelings of self-esteem and self-worth. Because people want to avoid this discomfort, cognitive dissonance can have a wide range of effects. Dissonance can play a role in how people act, think, and make decisions.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-cognitive-dissonance-2795012
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573734411#13_3213051817
Title: What Is Happiness? Headings: What Is Happiness? What Is Happiness? What Is Happiness? How to Know If You're Happy Types of Happiness How to Practice Pursue Intrinsic Goals Enjoy the Moment Reframe Negative Thoughts Impact of Happiness Improving Your Happiness Get Regular Exercise Show Gratitude Find a Sense of Purpose Challenges Valuing the Wrong Things Not Seeking Social Support Thinking of Happiness as an Endpoint History of Happiness Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Positive Psychology Article Sources Content: 5  Positive feelings increase resilience. Resilience helps people better manage stress and bounce back better when faced with setbacks. For example, one study found that happier people tend to have lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol and that these benefits tend to persist over time. 6  People who report having a positive state of well-being are more likely to engage in healthy behaviors such as eating fruits and vegetables and engaging in regular physical exercise. 7  Being happy may make help you get sick less often. Happier mental states are linked to increased immunity. 8  Improving Your Happiness Some people seem to have a naturally higher baseline for happiness—one large-scale study of more than 2,000 twins suggested that around 50% of overall life satisfaction was due to genetics, 10% to external events, and 40% to individual activities. 9  So while you might not be able to control what your “base level” of happiness is, there are things that you can do to make your life happier and more fulfilling. Even the happiest of individuals can feel down from time to time and happiness is something that all people need to consciously pursue. Get Regular Exercise Exercise is good for both your body and mind.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-happiness-4869755
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573734411#15_3213056064
Title: What Is Happiness? Headings: What Is Happiness? What Is Happiness? What Is Happiness? How to Know If You're Happy Types of Happiness How to Practice Pursue Intrinsic Goals Enjoy the Moment Reframe Negative Thoughts Impact of Happiness Improving Your Happiness Get Regular Exercise Show Gratitude Find a Sense of Purpose Challenges Valuing the Wrong Things Not Seeking Social Support Thinking of Happiness as an Endpoint History of Happiness Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Positive Psychology Article Sources Content: Physical activity is linked to a range of physical and psychological benefits including improved mood. Numerous studies have shown that regular exercise may play a role in warding off symptoms of depression, but evidence also suggests that it may also help make people happier, too. In one analysis of past research on the connection between physical activity and happiness, researchers found a consistent positive link. 10  Even a little bit of exercise produces a happiness boost—people who were physically active for as little as 10 minutes a day or who worked out only once a week had higher levels of happiness than people who never exercised. Show Gratitude In one study, participants were asked to engage in a writing exercise for 10 to 20 minutes each night before bed. 11  Some were instructed to write about daily hassles, some about neutral events, and some about things they were grateful for. The results found that people who had written about gratitude had increase positive emotions, increased subjective happiness, and improve life satisfaction. As the authors of the study suggest, keeping a gratitude list is a relatively easy, affordable, simple, and pleasant way to boost your mood. Try setting aside a few minutes each night to write down or think about things in your life that you are grateful for. Why You Should Write Down the Things You're Grateful for Each Day Find a Sense of Purpose Research has found that people who feel like they have a purpose have better well-being and feel more fulfilled.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-happiness-4869755
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573753267#1_3213062074
Title: Holism: Definition and Examples Headings: What Is Holism? What Is Holism? How psychologists use holism to understand behavior Overview Holism in Psychology How It’s Used Benefits It Incorporates Many Factors It Looks at the Big Picture Drawbacks It Tends to Be Non-Specific It Can Be Overly Complex Examples Gestalt Psychology Humanistic Psychology Social Psychology Holism vs. Reductionism A Word From Verywell Content: Learn about our Review Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on April 19, 2020 Verywell / Laura Porter In psychology, holism is an approach to understanding the human mind and behavior that focuses on looking at things as a whole. It is often contrasted with reductionism, which instead tries to break things down into their smallest parts. This approach suggests that we can only understand the parts when we view them in relation to the whole. Overview In terms of psychology, the holistic view suggests that it is important to view the mind as a unit, rather than trying to break it down into its individual parts. Each individual part plays its own important role, but it also works within an integrated system. Essentially, holism suggests that people are more than simply the sum of their parts. In order to understand how people think, the holistic perspective stresses that you need to do more than simply focus on how each individual component functions in isolation. Instead, psychologists who take this approach believe that it is more important to look at how all the parts work together. 1  Holism in Psychology As an approach to understanding systems, holism is used in psychology as well as in other areas including medicine, philosophy, ecology, and economics. One key phrase that summarizes the key idea behind the holistic approach is that “the whole is more than the sum of its parts.”
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-holism-4685432
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1573753267#2_3213064117
Title: Holism: Definition and Examples Headings: What Is Holism? What Is Holism? How psychologists use holism to understand behavior Overview Holism in Psychology How It’s Used Benefits It Incorporates Many Factors It Looks at the Big Picture Drawbacks It Tends to Be Non-Specific It Can Be Overly Complex Examples Gestalt Psychology Humanistic Psychology Social Psychology Holism vs. Reductionism A Word From Verywell Content: Essentially, holism suggests that people are more than simply the sum of their parts. In order to understand how people think, the holistic perspective stresses that you need to do more than simply focus on how each individual component functions in isolation. Instead, psychologists who take this approach believe that it is more important to look at how all the parts work together. 1  Holism in Psychology As an approach to understanding systems, holism is used in psychology as well as in other areas including medicine, philosophy, ecology, and economics. One key phrase that summarizes the key idea behind the holistic approach is that “the whole is more than the sum of its parts.” The field of holistic medicine, for example, focuses on treating all aspects of a person's health including physical symptoms, psychological factors, and societal influences. 2  In order to understand why people do the things they do and think the way they think, holism proposes that it is necessary to look at the entire person. Rather than focus on just one aspect of the problem, it is necessary to recognize that various factors interact and influence each other. One reason why it is so important to consider the entire being is that the whole may possess emergent properties. These are qualities or characteristics that are present in the whole but cannot be observed by looking at the individual pieces.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-holism-4685432
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1574026152#1_3213720852
Title: What Is Othering? Headings: What Is Othering? What Is Othering? What Is Othering? Signs Types Examples Causes Evolution In-Group Bias Out-Group Bias Social Identification Lack of Knowledge Robbers Cave Experiment Justifying Past Mistreatment of Others How to Resolve Cognitive Dissonance Impact Exclusion and Discrimination Systemic Discrimination How to Minimize Othering Focus on People as Individuals Become Aware of Your Own Unconscious Biases Remember that Diversity Has Important Benefits Be Aware of Language Remember That Identities are Multidimensional and Intersectional Broaden Your Social Circle Speak Up A Word From Verywell Content: Signs Types Causes Impact Impact of Othering How to Minimize Othering What Is Othering? Othering is a phenomenon in which some individuals or groups are defined and labeled as not fitting in within the norms of a social group. It is an effect that influences how people perceive and treat those who are viewed as being part of the in-group versus those who are seen as being part of the out-group. Othering also involves attributing negative characteristics to people or groups that differentiate them from the perceived normative social group. It is an “us vs. them” way of thinking about human connections and relationships. This process essentially involves looking at others and saying "they are not like me" or "they are not one of us." Othering is a way of negating another person's individual humanity and, consequently, those that are have been othered are seen as less worthy of dignity and respect. On an individual level, othering plays a role in the formation of prejudices against people and groups. On a larger scale, it can also play a role in the dehumanization of entire groups of people which can then be exploited to drive changes in institutions, governments, and societies. It can lead to the persecution of marginalized groups, the denial of rights based on group identities, or even acts of violence against others.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-othering-5084425
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1574026152#2_3213723066
Title: What Is Othering? Headings: What Is Othering? What Is Othering? What Is Othering? Signs Types Examples Causes Evolution In-Group Bias Out-Group Bias Social Identification Lack of Knowledge Robbers Cave Experiment Justifying Past Mistreatment of Others How to Resolve Cognitive Dissonance Impact Exclusion and Discrimination Systemic Discrimination How to Minimize Othering Focus on People as Individuals Become Aware of Your Own Unconscious Biases Remember that Diversity Has Important Benefits Be Aware of Language Remember That Identities are Multidimensional and Intersectional Broaden Your Social Circle Speak Up A Word From Verywell Content: This process essentially involves looking at others and saying "they are not like me" or "they are not one of us." Othering is a way of negating another person's individual humanity and, consequently, those that are have been othered are seen as less worthy of dignity and respect. On an individual level, othering plays a role in the formation of prejudices against people and groups. On a larger scale, it can also play a role in the dehumanization of entire groups of people which can then be exploited to drive changes in institutions, governments, and societies. It can lead to the persecution of marginalized groups, the denial of rights based on group identities, or even acts of violence against others. Othering can be thought of as an antonym of belonging. Where belonging implies acceptance and inclusion of all people, othering suggests intolerance and exclusion. Signs Othering is often subtle and may involve unconscious assumptions about others. Here are some signs of this phenomenon: Attributing positive qualities to people who are like you and negative qualities to people who are different from you Believing that people who are different from you or your social group pose a threat to you or your way of life Feeling distrustful or upset with people of a social group even though you don’t know anyone from that group Refusing to interact with people because they are different from you or your social group Thinking that people outside your social group are not as intelligent, skilled, or as special as you and your group Thinking of people only in terms of their relationship with specific social groups without giving any thought to them as individuals This phenomenon often happens without conscious effort or even awareness.
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-othering-5084425
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1574026152#13_3213747929
Title: What Is Othering? Headings: What Is Othering? What Is Othering? What Is Othering? Signs Types Examples Causes Evolution In-Group Bias Out-Group Bias Social Identification Lack of Knowledge Robbers Cave Experiment Justifying Past Mistreatment of Others How to Resolve Cognitive Dissonance Impact Exclusion and Discrimination Systemic Discrimination How to Minimize Othering Focus on People as Individuals Become Aware of Your Own Unconscious Biases Remember that Diversity Has Important Benefits Be Aware of Language Remember That Identities are Multidimensional and Intersectional Broaden Your Social Circle Speak Up A Word From Verywell Content: How to Resolve Cognitive Dissonance Impact Belonging to a social group often brings about a number of benefits, but it can also come with costs. On the positive side, being part of a group can provide friendships, support, care, connection, protection, and identity. On the negative side, it can contribute to things like othering, prejudice, and conflict with those who are outside of the group. Othering can have a dramatic impact on both individuals, social groups, and societies. Exclusion and Discrimination It can result in the marginalization of people who are not part of the dominant social group. People who are part of minority groups may face economic, housing, career, criminal justice, educational, and healthcare disparities. It can lead to discrimination and prejudice against other people. Prejudice is often fueled by the belief that all members of that group are fundamentally different in some way. Racism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, and other forms of intolerance are often rooted in othering. Othering can harm relationships by
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-othering-5084425
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575461361#2_3217234636
Title: Why Do People Commit Suicide? Headings: Why Do People Commit Suicide? Why Do People Commit Suicide? Mental Illness Traumatic Stress Substance Use and Impulsivity Loss or Fear of Loss Hopelessness Chronic Pain and Illness Feeling Like a Burden to Others Social Isolation Cry for Help Accidental Suicide A Word From Verywell Content: According to the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, depression is present in about half of all suicides. Can You Die From Depression? Other mental illnesses that can increase the risk of suicide include: Bipolar disorder 2  Borderline personality disorder (BPD) Eating disorders 3  Schizophrenia Traumatic Stress A person who has had a traumatic experience, including childhood sexual abuse, rape, physical abuse, or war trauma, is at a greater risk for suicide, even many years after the trauma. 4  In a survey of nearly 6,000 U.S. adults, nearly 22% of people who have been raped had attempted suicide at some point while 23% who experienced physical assault tried to take their own life at some point. Being diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD) or multiple incidents of trauma raises the risk even further. This is partly because depression is common after trauma and among those with PTSD, causing feelings of helplessness and hopelessness that can lead to suicide. The Connection Between Suicide and PTSD Substance Use and Impulsivity Drugs and alcohol can also influence a person who is feeling suicidal, making them more impulsive and likely to act upon their urges than they would be while sober. Substance and alcohol use can contribute to other reasons people commit suicide, such as the loss of jobs and relationships. 5  The rates of substance use and alcohol use disorder are also higher among people with depression and other psychological disorders.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-do-people-commit-suicide-1067515
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575461361#3_3217236698
Title: Why Do People Commit Suicide? Headings: Why Do People Commit Suicide? Why Do People Commit Suicide? Mental Illness Traumatic Stress Substance Use and Impulsivity Loss or Fear of Loss Hopelessness Chronic Pain and Illness Feeling Like a Burden to Others Social Isolation Cry for Help Accidental Suicide A Word From Verywell Content: Being diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD) or multiple incidents of trauma raises the risk even further. This is partly because depression is common after trauma and among those with PTSD, causing feelings of helplessness and hopelessness that can lead to suicide. The Connection Between Suicide and PTSD Substance Use and Impulsivity Drugs and alcohol can also influence a person who is feeling suicidal, making them more impulsive and likely to act upon their urges than they would be while sober. Substance and alcohol use can contribute to other reasons people commit suicide, such as the loss of jobs and relationships. 5  The rates of substance use and alcohol use disorder are also higher among people with depression and other psychological disorders. Put these together and the risks increase. Loss or Fear of Loss A person may decide to take their own life when facing a loss or the fear of a loss. These situations can include: Academic failure Being arrested or imprisoned Bullying, shaming, or humiliation, including cyberbullying Financial problems End of a close friendship or romantic relationship Job loss Loss of friends or family acceptance due to revealing your sexual orientation Loss of social status Hopelessness Hopelessness, either in the short-term or as a longer-lasting trait, has been found in many studies to contribute to the decision to commit suicide. The person may be facing a social or physical challenge and may see no way the situation can improve.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-do-people-commit-suicide-1067515
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575461361#7_3217245290
Title: Why Do People Commit Suicide? Headings: Why Do People Commit Suicide? Why Do People Commit Suicide? Mental Illness Traumatic Stress Substance Use and Impulsivity Loss or Fear of Loss Hopelessness Chronic Pain and Illness Feeling Like a Burden to Others Social Isolation Cry for Help Accidental Suicide A Word From Verywell Content: People often see themselves as a burden to others or feel worthless due to the overwhelming emotional burden they are carrying within. Social Isolation A person can become socially isolated for many reasons, including losing friends or a spouse, undergoing a separation or divorce, physical or mental illness, social anxiety, retirement, or due to a move to a new location. Social isolation can also be caused by internal factors such as low self-esteem . This can lead to loneliness and other risk factors of suicide such as depression and alcohol or drug misuse. The Health Consequences of Loneliness Cry for Help Sometimes people attempt suicide not so much because they really want to die, but because they simply don't know how to get help. Suicide attempts are not a cry for attention but a cry for help. It becomes a way to demonstrate to the world just how much they are hurting. Unfortunately, these cries for help may sometimes prove to be fatal if the person misjudges the lethality of their chosen method. People who make a failed attempt are also at a much higher risk of trying again, and their second attempts are much more likely to be lethal. Accidental Suicide Some situations that appear to be suicide may actually be an accidental death.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-do-people-commit-suicide-1067515
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575506216#7_3217374481
Title: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Headings: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem What Is Self-Esteem? Self-Esteem Self-Esteem vs. Depression High-Self Esteem Why High Self-Esteem Matters Self-Esteem and Prosocial Behavior Self-Esteem and Stress High Self-Esteem Boosts Overall Well-Being The Risks of Low Self-Esteem Reactivity Feeling Down vs. Poor Self-Esteem Susceptibility to Depression Risky Behaviors Low Self-Confidence Can You Have Too Much Self-Esteem? High Self-Esteem vs. Arrogance and Narcissism Contributing Factors of Low Self-Esteem Cultivating High Self-Esteem When to Get Help Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast Ways to Improve Self-Esteem Accept Compliments Give Yourself a Break Love Yourself—Flaws And All Value the Person You Are Recognize the Importance of High Self-Esteem Seek Support Start a Gratitude Journal Take Note of Your Thoughts Think of Yourself as a Friend Work on Yourself A Word From Verywell Article Sources Content: On the contrary, even for those with high self-esteem, it's common to be self-critical and have some parts of yourself that you are less proud of or happy with than other elements. High self-esteem can fluctuate depending on the circumstance. However, if you have high self-esteem the positive thoughts about yourself outweigh the negative—and the negative doesn't make you discount your worth as a person. Essentially, high self-esteem is a frame of mind that lets you celebrate your strengths, challenge your weaknesses, and feel good about yourself and your life. It allows you to put daily ups and downs in perspective because, at your core, you value, trust, and respect yourself. High self-esteem also helps you understand that everything isn't about you, enabling you to not take everything personally and not be overly reactive. Strong self-respect lets you see beyond yourself and feel confident of your place in the world. Interestingly, having high self-esteem does not always align with the circumstances or qualities that you might objectively assume should correlate with feeling good about yourself. For example, some research shows that physical attractiveness does not predict high self-esteem. In fact, one study showed that teens with "facial attractiveness" scored lower on self-esteem ratings than their peers.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-it-s-important-to-have-high-self-esteem-5094127
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575506216#8_3217377092
Title: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Headings: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem What Is Self-Esteem? Self-Esteem Self-Esteem vs. Depression High-Self Esteem Why High Self-Esteem Matters Self-Esteem and Prosocial Behavior Self-Esteem and Stress High Self-Esteem Boosts Overall Well-Being The Risks of Low Self-Esteem Reactivity Feeling Down vs. Poor Self-Esteem Susceptibility to Depression Risky Behaviors Low Self-Confidence Can You Have Too Much Self-Esteem? High Self-Esteem vs. Arrogance and Narcissism Contributing Factors of Low Self-Esteem Cultivating High Self-Esteem When to Get Help Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast Ways to Improve Self-Esteem Accept Compliments Give Yourself a Break Love Yourself—Flaws And All Value the Person You Are Recognize the Importance of High Self-Esteem Seek Support Start a Gratitude Journal Take Note of Your Thoughts Think of Yourself as a Friend Work on Yourself A Word From Verywell Article Sources Content: High self-esteem also helps you understand that everything isn't about you, enabling you to not take everything personally and not be overly reactive. Strong self-respect lets you see beyond yourself and feel confident of your place in the world. Interestingly, having high self-esteem does not always align with the circumstances or qualities that you might objectively assume should correlate with feeling good about yourself. For example, some research shows that physical attractiveness does not predict high self-esteem. In fact, one study showed that teens with "facial attractiveness" scored lower on self-esteem ratings than their peers. 5  In other words, the person who seems to have it all—great job, romantic partner, beauty, fit body—may not see it that way. What Is Self-Efficacy? Why High Self-Esteem Matters According to the American Psychological Association, having high self-esteem is key to positive mental health and well-being. High self-esteem matters because it helps you develop coping skills, handle adversity, and put the negative into perspective. If you have a higher self-concept you also don't tend to put undue focus, blame, self-doubt, hopelessness, or weight on the parts you aren't happy about.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-it-s-important-to-have-high-self-esteem-5094127
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575506216#9_3217379613
Title: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Headings: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem What Is Self-Esteem? Self-Esteem Self-Esteem vs. Depression High-Self Esteem Why High Self-Esteem Matters Self-Esteem and Prosocial Behavior Self-Esteem and Stress High Self-Esteem Boosts Overall Well-Being The Risks of Low Self-Esteem Reactivity Feeling Down vs. Poor Self-Esteem Susceptibility to Depression Risky Behaviors Low Self-Confidence Can You Have Too Much Self-Esteem? High Self-Esteem vs. Arrogance and Narcissism Contributing Factors of Low Self-Esteem Cultivating High Self-Esteem When to Get Help Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast Ways to Improve Self-Esteem Accept Compliments Give Yourself a Break Love Yourself—Flaws And All Value the Person You Are Recognize the Importance of High Self-Esteem Seek Support Start a Gratitude Journal Take Note of Your Thoughts Think of Yourself as a Friend Work on Yourself A Word From Verywell Article Sources Content: 5  In other words, the person who seems to have it all—great job, romantic partner, beauty, fit body—may not see it that way. What Is Self-Efficacy? Why High Self-Esteem Matters According to the American Psychological Association, having high self-esteem is key to positive mental health and well-being. High self-esteem matters because it helps you develop coping skills, handle adversity, and put the negative into perspective. If you have a higher self-concept you also don't tend to put undue focus, blame, self-doubt, hopelessness, or weight on the parts you aren't happy about. You're also better able to cope with stress, anxiety, and pressure, whether from school, work, home, or peers. 6  Instead, rather than feeling hopeless, stuck, or unworthy due to any perceived "failings," a person with high self-esteem is more likely to look for what they can change or improve upon than to feel like a "failure" or hopeless. Conversely, someone with low self-esteem is more likely to become entrenched in negative feelings about themself. In fact, research shows that feeling positive and respectful about yourself, particularly as a child, goes a long way in helping you adapt and adjust to the challenges of life. 7  A healthy self-concept and self-respect can enable you to realize that it's not the end of the world if something goes wrong, someone rejects you, you make a mistake, or you have some faults.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-it-s-important-to-have-high-self-esteem-5094127
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1575506216#10_3217382333
Title: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Headings: Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem Why It's Important to Have High Self-Esteem What Is Self-Esteem? Self-Esteem Self-Esteem vs. Depression High-Self Esteem Why High Self-Esteem Matters Self-Esteem and Prosocial Behavior Self-Esteem and Stress High Self-Esteem Boosts Overall Well-Being The Risks of Low Self-Esteem Reactivity Feeling Down vs. Poor Self-Esteem Susceptibility to Depression Risky Behaviors Low Self-Confidence Can You Have Too Much Self-Esteem? High Self-Esteem vs. Arrogance and Narcissism Contributing Factors of Low Self-Esteem Cultivating High Self-Esteem When to Get Help Get Advice From The Verywell Mind Podcast Ways to Improve Self-Esteem Accept Compliments Give Yourself a Break Love Yourself—Flaws And All Value the Person You Are Recognize the Importance of High Self-Esteem Seek Support Start a Gratitude Journal Take Note of Your Thoughts Think of Yourself as a Friend Work on Yourself A Word From Verywell Article Sources Content: You're also better able to cope with stress, anxiety, and pressure, whether from school, work, home, or peers. 6  Instead, rather than feeling hopeless, stuck, or unworthy due to any perceived "failings," a person with high self-esteem is more likely to look for what they can change or improve upon than to feel like a "failure" or hopeless. Conversely, someone with low self-esteem is more likely to become entrenched in negative feelings about themself. In fact, research shows that feeling positive and respectful about yourself, particularly as a child, goes a long way in helping you adapt and adjust to the challenges of life. 7  A healthy self-concept and self-respect can enable you to realize that it's not the end of the world if something goes wrong, someone rejects you, you make a mistake, or you have some faults. Self-Esteem and Prosocial Behavior High self-esteem is also linked to prosocial behavior (actions with the intent to benefit others, such as generosity and qualities like empathy), flexibility, and positive familial relationships. In fact, a 2014 study found that college students with higher self-esteem and more loving and supportive relationships with their families were more successful at school and adapted better to the social adjustment of living in a new environment. 8  Self-Esteem and Stress How you experience stress is also strongly related to your level of self-esteem. Prosocial behavior (which, as noted above, is more likely with higher self-esteem) is known to reduce the negative impact of stressors on daily life, helping you to manage stress more effectively. 9  Studies have also found a positive relationship between positive self-esteem and motivation to accomplish goals, self-efficacy, and self-control.
https://www.verywellmind.com/why-it-s-important-to-have-high-self-esteem-5094127
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1578990808#27_3224899053
Title: Albon for Dogs and Cats - Antibiotics Pet Medications | VetDepot.com Headings: Albon Albon Trustpilot Albon 5% Oral Suspension, 16 oz Albon 5% Oral Suspension, 2 oz Albon Tabs 125 mg, 100 Tablets Albon Tabs 125 mg, 200 Tablets Albon Tabs 125 mg, 30 Tablets Albon Tabs 125 mg, 500 Tablets Albon Tabs 125 mg, Single Tablet Albon Tabs 250 mg, 100 Tablets Albon Tabs 250 mg, 30 Tablets Albon Tabs 250 mg, 500 Tablets Albon Tabs 250 mg, Single Tablet Albon Tabs 500 mg, 100 Tablets Albon Tabs 500 mg, 30 Tablets Albon Tabs 500 mg, 500 Tablets Albon Tabs 500 mg, Single Tablet Antibiotics for Dogs and Cats Benefits of Albon: Albon Oral Suspension Directions: Albon Oral Tablets Directions: Frequency of Use: Storage: Albon (sulfadimethoxine) Warnings: Warranty and Manufacturer Information: Content: $ 0.92 Availability: Prescription Required Availability: Prescription Required Zoetis Item #: 1041430 - Overview Product Info Usage Details Antibiotics for Dogs and Cats Albon (sulfadimethoxine) is an antibiotic for dogs and cats that is used to treat a wide variety of infections. Albon can be used to treat respiratory and urinary tract infections. Albon, available in oral tablets and liquid suspension, treats an array of bacterial infections. This antibiotic combats a number of respiratory tract, urinary tract, genital, intestinal, and soft tissue infections. It also treats coccidiosis, an infection caused by microscopic parasites that infest the intestinal tract. Benefits of Albon: Treats many types of bacterial infections in cats and dogs Works on wound infections and abscesses, pneumonia, bronchitis, tonsillitis, cystitis, pharyngitis, nephritis, metritis, pyometra, pustular dermatitis, anal gland infections, bacterial enteritis, salmonellosis, and other infections Treats protozoal coccidial infections Works by directly attacking bacterial cells, not your pet's host cells Easily administered liquid suspension and oral tablets Rapidly absorbed, long-lasting active ingredient Prescription-strength treatment Albon is indicated for use in cats and dog.
https://www.vetdepot.com/albon.html
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1580607531#0_3230558455
Title: SMZ-TMP Pet Medications | VetDepot.com Headings: SMZ-TMP SMZ-TMP Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics for Pets Benefits of SMZ-TMP: Directions: Frequency of Use: Storage: Warnings: SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 100 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 30 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 500 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 60 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim DS 960 mg, 100 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim DS 960 mg, 30 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim DS 960 mg, 60 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim Liquid, 16 oz Content: SMZ-TMP Pet Medications | VetDepot.com VetDepot.com > SMZ-TMP SMZ-TMP Trustpilot Overview Product Info Usage Details Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics for Pets SMZ-TMP (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic for cats and dogs. SMZ-TMP is used to treat a variety of bacterial and protozoal infections, including diarrhea, many urinary and respiratory tract, gastrointestinal, skin, and ear infections. Although SMZ-TMP is not FDA-approved for use in animals, it is common practice for veterinarians to prescribe it in cats and dogs. SMZ-TMP is an antibiotic that treats a variety of urinary tract, respiratory, gastrointestinal, ear, and skin infections. It works on an array of bacterial and protozoal infections. This effective broad-spectrum anti-infective agent is easily administered to cats and dogs once or sometimes twice per day. Benefits of SMZ-TMP: Effective against a number of bacteria and protozoa Works on many skin, GI, respiratory, ear, and urinary tract infections Remedies certain types of diarrhea Synergistic action provided by two active ingredients, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim Easy administration, usually only once daily Scored tablets available in regular and double strength Low-cost generic medication SMZ-TMP is for use in cats and dogs. Do not administer to other animals. Do not use in humans.
https://www.vetdepot.com/smz-tmp.html
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1580607531#1_3230560537
Title: SMZ-TMP Pet Medications | VetDepot.com Headings: SMZ-TMP SMZ-TMP Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics for Pets Benefits of SMZ-TMP: Directions: Frequency of Use: Storage: Warnings: SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 100 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 30 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 500 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim 480 mg, 60 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim DS 960 mg, 100 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim DS 960 mg, 30 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim DS 960 mg, 60 Tablets SMZ Sulfa Trimethoprim Liquid, 16 oz Content: This effective broad-spectrum anti-infective agent is easily administered to cats and dogs once or sometimes twice per day. Benefits of SMZ-TMP: Effective against a number of bacteria and protozoa Works on many skin, GI, respiratory, ear, and urinary tract infections Remedies certain types of diarrhea Synergistic action provided by two active ingredients, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim Easy administration, usually only once daily Scored tablets available in regular and double strength Low-cost generic medication SMZ-TMP is for use in cats and dogs. Do not administer to other animals. Do not use in humans. Children should not be permitted to give this medication to a pet. Read all manufacturer instructions and precautionary statements for safe and effective use. Do not cease administration early because symptoms have cleared up; this may occur before the infection is fully treated. The directions below represent a standard regimen.
https://www.vetdepot.com/smz-tmp.html
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1593178776#0_3251260791
Title: Deciduous Teeth in Dogs Headings: Deciduous Teeth in Dogs Deciduous Teeth in Dogs Basic Facts About Deciduous Teeth in Puppies Problems with Deciduous Teeth in Puppies Treating Retained Deciduous Teeth Comments Content: Deciduous Teeth in Dogs Tweet Like Share Email Dogs > Dental Care Deciduous Teeth in Dogs , ... Follow On: Tweet Like Share Email Deciduous teeth, or baby teeth, are normal in dogs. Normally, deciduous teeth appear in puppies at three to four weeks of age, and they should fall out before adult teeth grow in. Here are some basic facts about baby teeth in puppies, and what you should know if something goes wrong with your dog's baby teeth. Basic Facts About Deciduous Teeth in Puppies Normal puppies have 28 deciduous teeth, also known as baby teeth or milk teeth. These teeth appear at three to four weeks of age. There should be 14 teeth in the upper jaw, and 14 teeth in the lower jaw. Permanent adult teeth begin to emerge around the age of four months. Ideally, your puppy should lose his baby teeth before his adult teeth erupt from his gums. He will most likely lose his baby teeth one at a time, as the corresponding permanent tooth grows in.
https://www.vetinfo.com/deciduous-teeth-in-dogs.html
msmarco_v2.1_doc_56_1597959944#0_3261215618
Title: Sulfamethoxazole for Dogs Headings: Sulfamethoxazole for Dogs Sulfamethoxazole for Dogs Sulfamethoxazole Overview Using Sulfamethoxazole for Your Pet Side Effects of Sulfamethoxazole Comments Content: Sulfamethoxazole for Dogs Tweet Like Share Email Dogs > Medicine Sulfamethoxazole for Dogs , ... Follow On: Tweet Like Share Email One of the most common and potent antibiotics that is used in canine medicine is sulfamethoxazole. Routinely combined with the drug called trimethoprim, this antibiotic is able to stop bacteria that are the cause of a number of different types of infections. Together, these two drugs are quite a bit more potent than either one is by itself. Read on for a brief overview of sulfamethoxazole, which is commonly known by the brand name formulations Tribrissen and Uniprim. Sulfamethoxazole Overview Sulfamethoxazole works to limit the ability of bacteria cells to synthesize dihydrofolic acid, an important acid in the life cycle of the bacteria. While this measure itself is helpful in eliminating the ability of the bacteria to survive, it is aided by the function of trimethoprim, which inhibits an adjoining compound from being produced as well. Together, these two drugs can be used to address bacterial infections of the skin, urinary tract, respiratory system and more. Using Sulfamethoxazole for Your Pet It's important to recognize that sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are combined into a wide variety of different formulations of drugs. These are available for use in humans as well as many animals, including cats, dogs, horses and pigs.
https://www.vetinfo.com/sulfamethoxazole-for-dogs.html