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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: President Donald Trump claimed that the new trade agreement with China “will boost American agriculture by $50 billion every year.”\n\nQ1: Would the new Trump-trade agreement between US and China boost American agriculture by $50 billion every year?\nA1: If U.S. ag exports to China do reach $40 billion in the future, that would be a 54% increase, and $50 billion would be 93% — not “two and a half, three times what China had purchased at its highest point.”\n\nThat is still a substantial increase, but not nearly as high as Trump said, and we don’t know if U.S. agricultural exports to China will ever get that high.\n\nQ2: What does the China-US trade deal mean for US agriculture?\nA2: Mnuchin told Fox News Channel that the deal reached on Dec. 13 still calls for China to buy $40 billion to $50 billion worth of U.S. agricultural products annually and a total of $200 billion of U.S. goods over two years.\n\n“It wasn’t changed in translation. I don’t know where that rumor started,” Mnuchin said on the “Sunday Morning Futures with Maria Bartiromo” show.\n\n“We have been going through a translation process that I think we said was really a technical issue,” Mnuchin said. “And the language will be released this week. So I think it is -- the day of the signing, we will be releasing the English version.”",
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"content": "justification: The answers show that is is 40 to 50 billion so the claim is refuted as it states 50 billion every year.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trump signed a bill \"to clean millions of tons of garbage from world’s oceans.\n\nQ1: What is the save our seas act about\nA1: The program works to reduce debris through research, prevention and reduction.\n\nQ2: who signed the save our seas act\nA2: President Donald Trump recently signed into law a bill that lawmakers have called a point of unity among Republicans and Democrats.\n\nThe Ketchikan Daily News reports the Save our Seas Act, which Trump signed Thursday, reauthorizes the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Marine Debris Program through 2022.\n\nQ3: how will the program be run\nA3: The Save our Seas legislation keeps the program going by continuing to authorize $10 million per year for the next five years.\n\nQ4: How many Tonnes of dirt will the program address\nA4: The Administrator, acting through the Program and subject to the availability of appropriations, shall-\n\n(1) identify, determine sources of, assess, prevent, reduce, and remove marine debris, with a focus on marine debris posing a threat to living marine resources and navigation safety;\n\nQ5: What is the aim of the program?\nA5: the Program (subject to the availability of appropriations,) shall-identify, determine sources of, assess, prevent, reduce, and remove marine debris, with a focus on marine debris",
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"content": "justification: the evidence supports the claim\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Germ scientists have confirmed that the ‘five-second rule’ for eating food off the floor is fairly accurate.\n\nQ1: Has there been a scientific study into the \"5 second rule\" of dropping food on the ground and it being ok to eat for 5 seconds afterwards?\nA1: yes t was the project of high school senior Jillian Clarke during a six-week internship in the food science and nutrition department at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Meredith Agle, then a doctoral candidate, supervised the study.\n\nQ2: How was the experiment carried out?\nA2: \"Jillian swabbed the floors around the University in the lab, hall, dormitory, and cafeteria to see how many organisms we could isolate.\"\n\n \"We examined the swabs, and there were very few microorganisms. That surprised me. I told her to do it again.\"\n\nSaid Meredith Agle who supervised the experiment.\n\nQ3: What were the findings when run again?\nA3: The results were the same.\n\nQ4: Was their a control element to the experiment?\nA4: To control the study, cookies and gummi bears were placed on both rough and smooth sterile tiles covered with measured amounts of E. coli. \"We did see a transfer of germs before five seconds\" \"We were dealing with a large number of cells.\"\n\nQ5: Was there anything in the experiment which may have affected the end result?\nA5: \"I think the floors were so clean, from a microbiological point of view, because floors are dry, and most pathogens like salmonella, listeria, or E. coli can't survive without moisture.\" Agle Said.\n\nQ6: whats there further research done to dismiss the claim\nA6: further research was done and experts dismissed the claim",
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"content": "justification: From the last Q&A you can see that the results were dismissed and so the claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kobe Bryant's business ventures in China, posed a threat to the NBA's success.\n\nQ1: Did Kobe Bryant have business ventures in China?\nA1: No. Kobe Bryant set up a charitable foundation in China but not business ventures.",
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"content": "justification: Kobe Bryant does not have any business ventures in China, he does have a charitable foundation but this is not the same as a business venture as the Q/A has established.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kobe Bryant was locked in a legal battle with big pharma over the right to use the phrase \"Black Mamba”.\n\nQ1: Was Kobe Bryant involved in a legal battle over the right to use his nickname Black Mamba?\nA1: Yes, because Bryant has been battling the pharmaceutical company Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals for years. Hi-Tech is attempting to trademark the name “Black Mamba HYPERRUSH.” Bryant is fighting them saying they were ripping off his famous nickname.\n\nQ2: Which company was Kobe Bryant involved in a legal battle with over the right to use his nickname Black Mamba?\nA2: Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals\n\nQ3: Is Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals a big pharma company?\nA3: No, because Big pharma is a term that encompasses the largest players in the pharmaceutical industry including AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Maxim, Merck, Monsanto, Pfizer, Roche, Tanabe, Wyeth.",
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"content": "justification: It seems that Kobe Bryant was in a legal battle with a firm about the phrase'Black mamba\" but it was not with a big Pharma. \n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Clorox and Lysol Already Knew About New Coronavirus\n\nQ1: Is coronavirus specifically only referring to COVID-19\nA1: Coronaviruses are named for the crown-like spikes on their surface. There are four main sub-groupings of coronaviruses, known as alpha, beta, gamma, and delta.\n\nQ2: What is the name of the novel coronavirus\nA2: SARS-CoV-2\n\nQ3: What coronavirus was being referred to in the labels of the disinfectants\nA3: 229E (alpha coronavirus)",
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"content": "justification: Assuming the claim regards \"new\" coronavirus as Sars-Cov-2, then the companies were aware of Coronavirus but not the Sars-Cov-2 version. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kobe Bryant was assassinated by the NBA\n\nQ1: What was the cause of the helicopter crash according to experts?\nA1: Investigators say the pilot of the helicopter carrying Kobe Bryant and his daughter likely became disoriented in fog during the flight. The basketball star's death sent shockwaves throughout the sports world.\n\nNTSB chairman Robert Sumwalt said the pilot, Ara Zobayan, \"was flying under visual flight rules (VFR) which legally prohibited him from penetrating clouds. However, he continued this VFR flight through the clouds, into instrument meteorological conditions.\"",
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"content": "justification: The death of the NBA star was an accident \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Viral newspaper clipping shows Arvind Kejriwal Was Accused Of Rape In College\n\nQ1: What is known about the newspaper clipping?\nA1: The clipping is fake and was generated by an online newspaper clip generator.",
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"content": "justification: The clip is fake and was generated by an online newspaper clip generator.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The World Health Organization (WHO) infographic advises people to avoid unprotected sex with animals to reduce their risk of contracting coronavirus.\n\nQ1: What is the World Health Organization's (WHO) guideline regarding COVID-19 interaction with animals?\nA1: No unprotected contact with live wild or farm animals\n\nQ2: Did a World Health Organization's (WHO) Coronavirus Bulletin Warn Against Unprotected Sex with Animals?\nA2: The infographic has been photoshopped to replace the word “contact” with “sex.”",
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"content": "justification: The claim relates to a photoshopped infographic so fake.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The novel coronavirus has been found in Ethiopia.\n\nQ1: How many cases of coronavirus have been found in Ethiopia as of February 17th 2020?\nA1: 0",
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"content": "justification: According to the QA there has been zero cases of Coronavirus in Ethiopa slightly after the date of the claim was made, so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In India, the health ministry warns people not to keep their throats dry and to avoid spicy and fried foods.\n\nQ1: When was the claim made?\nA1: 28/01/2020\n\nQ2: What were India's Ministry of Health's most recent preventive measures as of January 28, 2020?\nA2: Reduce your risk of coronavirus infection:\n\nFrequently clean hands by using alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water\n\nWhen coughing and sneezing cover mouth and nose with flexed elbow or tissue throw tissue away immediately and wash hands\n\nAvoid close contact with anyone that has fever and cough\n\nThoroughly cook meat and eggs\n\nAvoid unprotected contact with live wild or farm animals",
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"content": "justification: The 2nd Q&A pair point out that the measures given in the claim are not included in a list of India's health ministries health measures\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Punjab province in Pakistan issued a warning against eating goat meat for 60 days following a coronavirus outbreak in the livestock.\n\nQ1: Was there an outbreak of coronavirus in goats in Pakistan in January 2020?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Did an official authority in the Punjab province of Pakistan issue a warning against eating goat meat for 60 days due to a coronavirus outbreak in the livestock?\nA2: No, because The Punjab Food Authority posted a statement on its Facebook page on January 28, 2020 labelling the image which contained the warning about not eating goat meat due to coronavirus appearing in goats, as fake: “Beware. This post published in the name of Punjab Food Authority is fake.”",
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"content": "justification: The claim was found to be fake, as confirmed by the Punjab Food Authority, which posted a statement on January 28, 2020, labeling the image that contained the warning about not eating goat meat due to coronaviruses appearing in goats as fake. Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A Kenyan showing flu-like symptoms has been quarantined at the Kenyatta National Hospital\n\nQ1: Who is this person?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: How did they come to the attention of the authorities?\nA2: They were a Kenya Airways passenger who arrived in Nairobi from Guangzhou with flu-like symptoms.\n\nQ3: Was any public statement made about their quarantining?\nA3: A statement from Kenya Airways confirmed that the Kenyan passenger had travelled to Nairobi from Guangzhou on Tuesday [January 28th 2020].\n“Decision to quarantine the passenger was reached by the Kenya Government port health authorities stationed at JKIA,” the statement reads\n\nQ4: Where was the passenger quarantined at?\nA4: They were quarantined at the Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH)\n\nQ5: What symptoms led to them being quarantined?\nA5: flu-like symptoms",
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"content": "justification: Confirmed in Multiple QA pairs.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: China is surrounded by American military labs, and there is a U.S. consulate in Wuhan, the staff of which could have delivered Covid-19 to the People’s Republic of China.\n\nQ1: Dos the US military have labs in or around China?\nA1: No evidence found.\n\nQ2: Is there a US consulate in Wuhan?\nA2: Yes, because The Consulate General of the United States in Wuhan was re-established in 2008 under the provisions of the 1981 U.S.-China Agreement on Consular Facilities.",
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"content": "justification: There is not enough evidence to back up the claim \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: People in Australia are warned not to consume certain foods made or held in neighbouring areas close to Wuhan China and to not visit certain locations in Sydney Australia to avoid the risk of becoming infected with coronavirus.\n\nQ1: Are People in Australia warned not to consume certain foods made or held in neighbouring areas close to Wuhan China and to not visit certain locations in Sydney Australia to avoid the risk of becoming infected with coronavirus?\nA1: The claim in the posts is false; the New South Wales health authority told AFP that visiting the locations listed in the misleading posts poses “no risk” to individuals and the foods named in the posts do not appear in the New South Wales food authority’s list of recalls and advisories.",
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"content": "justification: There has been no such warning by any official place. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: American Muslim woman, Dr. Debbie Almontaser, made history by reciting the Koran during the inauguration ceremony of US President Joe Biden.\n\nQ1: Who is Dr. Debbie Almontaser?\nA1: Dr. Debbie Almontaser was the founding and former principal of the Khalil Gibran International Academy in Brooklyn, New York. A 25-year veteran of the NYC Public School System, she taught and served as a director in special education and inclusion, trained teachers in literacy, and served as a multicultural specialist and diversity advisor. Currently, she is the Founder and CEO of Bridging Cultures Group Inc and a Professor at the College of Staten Island’s School of Education in the Post Masters Advanced Certificate Program for Leadership in Education.\n\nQ2: Did Dr. Debbie Almontaser recite the Koran during the inauguration ceremoney of US President Joe Biden?\nA2: No, because Dr. Debbie Almontaser did not recite the Koran at Joe Bidens inauguration ceremony but as shown on a Youtube channel \"Biden Inaugural Committee\" she did recite verses at a virtual inagauration prayer service, the National Prayer Service.",
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"content": "justification: The second question and answer shows that she did not read the Koran at Biden's inauguration so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Namibian social media posts claim that Coronavirus is a hoax\n\nQ1: How real is COVID-19\nA1: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.\n\nMost people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.\n\nThe best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face. \n\nThe COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).",
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"content": "justification: The answer and credible source show that coronavirus is not a hoax and so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: U.S. President Joe Biden has lowered the age of consent.\n\nQ1: Has U.S. President Joe Biden lowered the age of consent?\nA1: No, because The page that posted the claim states on its bio \"-Page is intended purely for entertainment purposes. Nothing is real. Take a joke.\"\n\nQ2: What is the age of consent in the U.S.?\nA2: As the first column in Table 1 shows, the age of consent varies by state. In the majority of states (34), it is 16 years of age. In the remaining states, the age of consent is either 17 or 18 years old (6 and 11 states, respectively).",
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"content": "justification: Q&A 1 shows that no, joe biden did not lower age of consent as claimed and that the claim was made on a purely entertainment basis.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Comedian, Samuel Whitcomb Hyde is behind the spread of Coronavirus.\n\nQ1: How did the spread of covid-19 likely occur?\nA1: In late December, the World Health Organization learned that several patients in Wuhan, China had contracted pneumonia from a virus that did not match any known viruses. In early January, officials in China concluded that the virus was a new coronavirus, a group of viruses that can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome, known as SARS, and Middle East respiratory syndrome, known as MERS.\n\nQ2: Where did Coronavirus originate?\nA2: Bats are natural reservoirs of coronaviruses, and likely harbor many other coronaviruses not yet discovered. However, while direct spillover of a new virus from bats to humans is possible, zoonoses often stem from exposure to intermediate animal hosts. Research conducted in China and elsewhere since the COVID-19 pandemic began has shown that a range of animals – including wild and farmed species – are susceptible to infection, but when and where SARS-CoV-2 spilled over to humans, and from which animal, remains unknown.\n\nQ3: Where was the first COVID outbreak detected?\nA3: Where an epidemic is first detected does not necessarily reflect where it started. An outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology was identified through surveillance in Wuhan, however the possibility that the virus may have silently circulated elsewhere cannot be ruled out. For example, some countries have retrospectively identified cases of COVID-19 weeks before the first case was officially notified through surveillance, and unpublished reports of positive sewage samples could suggest that the virus may have circulated undetected for some time. The COVID-19 outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, where the SARS-CoV-2 virus was also first identified and characterized. The detection was followed by a rapid exponentially growing outbreak, weeks before other outbreaks were detected elsewhere. Thus, under the framework of global tracing for the origins of SARS-CoV-2, the approach to identifying the source of infection, the source of introduction and possible origins of the virus initially conducted in Wuhan is of importance for further global origin tracing work.\n\nQ4: Was Coronavirus man-made?\nA4: A research article cited by thousands states - SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans; SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe disease, whereas HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E are associated with mild symptoms6. Here we review what can be deduced about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 from comparative analysis of genomic data. We offer a perspective on the notable features of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and discuss scenarios by which they could have arisen. Our analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus.\n\nQ5: Was the spread of coronavirus deliberate?\nA5: Absent that, the burden of proof that this outbreak did not occur naturally is high, because as mentioned above, there are a lot of reasons to suggest that Covid-19 is exactly what it appears to be – an infectious coronavirus that spilled over from bats into a population that has already experienced a previous spillover event from a related virus. And regardless of its origin, we still need to handle it in the same way: social distancing, mask wearing, increased testing and contact tracing until a reliable therapy or vaccine is developed.\n\nQ6: Did the coronavirus spread naturally?\nA6: A genetic study of samples from more than 7,500 people infected with COVID-19 suggests the new coronavirus spread quickly around the world after it emerged in China sometime between October and December last year, scientists say. \n\nScientists at University College London’s Genetics Institute found almost 200 recurrent genetic mutations of the new coronavirus - SARS-CoV-2 - which the UCL researchers said showed how it is adapting to its human hosts as it spreads.\n\n“Phylogenetic estimates support that the COVID-2 pandemic started sometime around Oct. 6, 2019 to Dec. 11, 2019, which corresponds to the time of the host jump into humans,” the research team, co-led by Francois Balloux, wrote in a study published in the journal Infection, Genetics and Evolution.\n\nBalloux said the analysis also found that the virus was and is mutating, as normally happens with viruses, and that a large proportion of the global genetic diversity of the virus causing COVID-19 was found in all of the hardest-hit countries.\n\nThat suggests SARS-CoV-2 was being transmitted extensively around the world from early on in the epidemic, he said.\n\nQ7: Was there anything reported by police or public authorities to support criminal offence accusations for Sam Hyde?\nA7: No, because There were no official reports found regarding Sam Hyde being connected to the spread of coronavirus. Articles such as the one below seem to conclude that such social media claims about this person are unverified and belong to what is the spread of disinformation online. - The people that we study that use media to manipulate other people know that, and they know that there are times when information is critical, during—especially what we study during breaking news cycles, where we see a lot of what we call source hacking, which is hacking source material. It’s making shit up—(laughter)—so that in the moment they can piggyback their ideas or their political opinions into the story. So it doesn’t surprise my research lab every time we see a mass shooting that we see the misidentification of certain mass shooters that identify either this young internet comedian named Sam Hyde, or Antifa is a popular—a popular conspiracy theory, or crisis actors. And in these moments we know what to look for because we are a highly skilled research lab, but it doesn’t mean that anyone that’s popping onto Twitter that are looking at these keywords knows the difference between one of these posts that is targeted disinformation and one of these posts that is maybe what we call misinformation, is information that’s being circulated in the moment but we all know it’s unverified.",
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"content": "justification: There is no evidence at all that Hyde has anything to do with Covid, and the Q&As show the most likely causes of Covid spread.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: American TV series 'The Simpsons' predicted the outbreak of Coronavirus.\n\nQ1: When did the supposed simpsons episode air?\nA1: It aired in 1993.\n\nQ2: DId the episode mention coronovirus?\nA2: No, because The episode refers to a fictional flu, called the \"Osaka flu,\" which according to the episode originated in a Japanese factory in the city of Osaka.",
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"content": "justification: Although the source link of the QA2 is correct, a further question would have provided more evidence that this wasn't a prediction, ie what was the episode about? answer: it was about Marge being put into prison for shop lifting. The flu epidemic scenerio was arbitrary.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nobody had ever even heard of Ebola before 2014\n\nQ1: What is Ebola?\nA1: Ebola virus disease is a serious, often fatal condition in humans and nonhuman primates. Ebola is one of several viral hemorrhagic fevers, caused by infection with a virus of the Filoviridae family\n\nQ2: What is the claim date?\nA2: 25 January 2020\n\nQ3: Are there any reports of Ebola cases before January 2020?\nA3: The first cases of Ebola were reported simultaneously in 1976 in Yambuku, near the Ebola River in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and in Nzara, Sudan.\n\nQ4: Have there been Ebola cases since 1976?\nA4: Since then, eruptions or asymptomatic cases of Ebola in humans and animals have surfaced intermittently in the following locations due to outbreaks, laboratory contamination, and accidents:\n\nThe Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)\nSudan (South Sudan)\nSenegal\nUnited Kingdom\nUnited States (U.S.)\nPhilippines\nItaly\nSpain\nGabon\nIvory Coast\nSouth Africa\nRussia\nUganda\nGuinea\nLiberia\nSierra Leone",
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},
{
"content": "justification: Seems like Ebola has been present since the 1976s. Therefore the claim isrefuged\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Chinese Communist Party \"will finally admit that the real source of the coronavirus is from ‘a lab in Wuhan’ linked to its covert biological weapon programs.\n\nQ1: What does the CDC about the origin of the 2019 coronavirus?\nA1: Officials are still working to determine the source of the coronavirus outbreak. In its most recent situation summary, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that both it and Chinese authorities had isolated the genome of the 2019 coronavirus.\n\nTheir findings suggest \"a likely single, recent emergence from a virus related to bat coronaviruses and the SARS coronavirus.\" The disease appears to have originated at a seafood and animal market in Wuhan, and it spread from there to several Asian countries, Australia, France, Canada and the United States. Researchers believe the current outbreak pattern suggests the coronavirus may have spread from animal to human at first, and now from human to human.\n\nQ2: Is there any evidence that Chinese officials said coronavirus was leaked from a lab?\nA2: No, because A lab leak hasn't been ruled out but there is no evidence that any chinese official is confirming this",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: No evidence to show that the CCP will say this, and they would be unlikely to if it is true.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A spray known as Miracle Mineral Solution can offer protection against coronavirus\n\nQ1: What is Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS)?\nA1: MMS consists of chlorine dioxide, a powerful bleach that is used both on textiles and in the industrial treatment of water.\n\nQ2: Is Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS) an approved medical treatment?\nA2: MMS has been banned in several countries around the world for use as a medical treatment.\nIn the US, the chemical cannot be sold for human consumption. In 2010, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) put out a public warning after it was notified of many injuries to consumers from drinking the fluid, with symptoms that included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, severe dehydration and one person who had a life-threatening reaction.\n\nQ3: Have authorities taken any action to stop Miracle Mineral Solution being promoted as a cure for COVID-19?\nA3: Miracle Mineral Solution is perhaps the most prominent but not the only product targeted by the FDA in what it has dubbed Operation Quack Hack. Since March, the FDA has issued 42 warning letters demanding that firms stop making false claims about preventing or treating Covid-19. \n\n“We are actively monitoring for any firms marketing products with fraudulent COVID-19 prevention and treatment claims,” the agency said, noting that it has discovered “hundreds of such products including fraudulent drugs, testing kits and personal protective equipment (PPE) sold online with unproven claims.”",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The third source shows that the solution can not protect against coronavirus so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Doctors have expressed fears that the entire population of the Chinese city of Wuhan will die following the global outbreak of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV).\n\nQ1: How many people did Doctors estimate would become seriously ill or die with COVID-19?\nA1: Dr Shawn Vasoo, the acting clinical director at Singapore’s National Centre for Infectious Diseases, estimated that around 20 percent of the people infected with the virus would become very ill.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Seems from the question and answer pair that the actual estimate was only 20%. Therefore the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Video shows Hong Kong police did not engage the woman during an attempt to disperse protesters\n\nQ1: Did the Hong Kong police engaged or accuse elderly ritual practitioner of unlawful assembly ?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Did Anti-government protesters in Hong Kong gathered again on New Year’s Day ?\nA2: Tens of thousands of anti-government protesters began marching in Hong Kong on New Year’s Day, demanding concessions from the city’s embattled government as the civil unrest that convulsed the Chinese-ruled city for over half a year spills into 2020.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Seems thatchers is not enough evidence to deduce the claim label as it is unclear what the police did\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The coronavirus recently discovered in China was lab created and patented in 2015 by the CDC, the leading US public health agency.\n\nQ1: Which patent is this claim referring to?\nA1: US7220852B1 Coronavirus isolated from humans\n\nQ2: Which coronavirus does US7220852B1 Coronavirus isolated from humans\nrelate to?\nA2: SARS-CoV\n\nQ3: Is the coronavirus that began in Wuhan different to SARS-CoV?\nA3: Yes, because Chinese authorities have made a preliminary determination of a novel (or new) coronavirus, identified in a hospitalized person with pneumonia in Wuhan.\nChinese authorities subsequently reported that laboratory tests ruled out SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, influenza, avian influenza, adenovirus and other common respiratory pathogens.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The lab created coronovirus is not the same as COVID-19\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Coronavirus is Patented\n\nQ1: Who filed for the patent of the coronavirus\nA1: Pirbright University\n\nQ2: Is the coronavirus that is patented, the same as the novel coronavirus\nA2: The present invention relates to an attenuated coronavirus comprising a variant replicase gene, which causes the virus to have reduced pathogenicity. The present invention also relates to the use of such a coronavirus in a vaccine to prevent and/or treat a disease.\nThe coronavirus is the \nAvian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)\n\nQ3: When did Pirbright University patent coronavirus?\nA3: Filled in 2015, patented in 2018\n\nQ4: What did the patent say it was to cover the invention of?\nA4: The background section specifies that this patent is for reducing the virality of one specific type of avian infectious bronchitis virus",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: It appears it is patented but its not for the current COVID-19 but another avian coronavirus from 2015. So this claim is cherrypicking information. \n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trump's lawyer Jay Sekulow says Trump’s hold on Ukraine aid is like Obama with Egypt in 2013\n\nQ1: Did Trump hold up aid money to Ukraine?\nA1: The Trump administration is slow-walking $250 million in military assistance to Ukraine, annoying lawmakers and advocates who argue the funding is critical to keeping Russia at bay.\n\nQ2: Why did the Obama government put a hold on Egypt aid?\nA2: The decision to suspend these weapons came reluctantly, several months after the Egyptian military’s July 3, 2013, ouster of President Mohamed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood. Fearing a rupture with the military that would jeopardize US security interests, the US administration did not take any punitive action immediately after Morsi’s overthrow. Instead it adopted a cautious, wait-and-see approach, hoping, along with many Egyptians, that the coup would set the country quickly on a more democratic path.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The sources and answers below show that the 2 scenarios are different and so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Correct way” to wear a disposable blue and white face mask, coloured side out,(If you are sick & dont want to spread the germs around and white side out when you are not sick & want to keep germs from getting in.\n\nQ1: Is the correct way to wear a disposable blue and white face mask, coloured side out,(If you are sick & dont want to spread the germs around and white side out when you are not sick & want to keep germs from getting in.\nA1: There is only one way to wear a disposable surgical mask the right way: the blue or colored part must be worn on the outside and the white panel should be worn on the inside.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: There is only one safe way to wear a mask. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The average Wisconsin resident’s tax burden is at its lowest level in nearly 50 years, while incomes continue to grow.\n\nQ1: Why did the average Wisconsin resident tax burden fall\nA1: Our annual review of state and local taxes shows that the state’s tax burden – defined as the total of those taxes as a share of state residents’ income – dropped once again in 2019. This extends a long-running trend that is attributed both to limited growth in taxes and relatively strong growth in income.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The source shows that the tax burden is at its lowest in 50 years so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: iPhone belonging to Amazon CEO and Washington Post owner Jeff Bezos was hacked via a WhatsApp account used by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.\n\nQ1: Was Jeff Bezos Phone hacked?\nA1: U.N. experts said FTI Consulting’s forensic analysis established “grounds for a reasonable belief (medium to high confidence) that Mr. Bezos was subjected to intrusive surveillance via hacking of his phone as a result of actions attributable to the WhatsApp account used by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Q&A pair 1 does corroborate the claim with a statement from the U.N that says that Mr. Bezos was subjected to intrusive surveillance via hacking of his phone as a result of actions attributable to the WhatsApp account used by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Google threatened to shut down search in Australia if they pass a digital news code.\n\nQ1: What do Australia want Google to do?\nA1: To pay for the content it provides users.\nGoogle said - Paying for links and snippets undermines the basic principle of the internet––the ability to freely link between websites.\n\nQ2: Have Google said they may withdraw from Australia?\nA2: Coupled with the unmanageable financial and operational risk if this version of the Code were to become law it would give us no real choice but to stop making Google Search available in Australia.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Google would withdraw if the code was released, since it would become an unmanageable operational and operational risk \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Presidential candidate Joe Biden fought for decades to cut social security in the US.\n\nQ1: Did Joe Biden called for cut social security in the US?\nA1: Biden had an ambivalent relationship with government spending. Considered in the 1980s to be one of the Democratic Party’s new “neoliberals,” Biden called then for a spending freeze on Social Security and a higher Social Security retirement age. In 1995, he cast his vote for a balanced budget constitutional amendment, despite his earlier criticisms of it. The choice was, he said, “an imperfect amendment or continued spending.” When he ran for president 12 years later, he again called for the Social Security retirement age to go up.\n\nIn journalist Bob Woodward’s 2012 book The Price of Politics, he portrays Biden during Obama’s first term eager to sacrifice Social Security and Medicare for the sake of bipartisan compromise and achieving what would be, in the eyes of Washington, a political victory.\n\nBiden first displayed his friendliness to GOP entitlement hawks when he appointed former Wyoming Sen. Alan Simpson to co-chair the president’s National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility, created in February 2010 via executive order. Simpson was one of Congress’s most high-profile foes of entitlements and a proponent of Social Security privatization. In Woodward’s telling, Biden even had to lightly pressure a somewhat reluctant Simpson to take the role.\n\nSure enough, the Simpson-Bowles Commission, as it came to be known, recommended cuts to Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security, leading liberal economist Paul Krugman to label the commission “terrible.” Failing to secure enough votes from the commission to recommend the plan to Congress, the proposals were never taken up.\n\nBut Biden took a far more direct role in undermining Social Security and Medicare when he headed tax policy negotiations with Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell in December 2010. In Woodward’s telling, Biden’s eagerness to cut a deal with the Republicans sometimes elicited outrage from his fellow Democrats, who felt he was giving too much away.\n\nAn Obama priority was to end the Bush tax cuts on t\n\nQ2: How long was Joe Biden kept proposing cuts to Social Security in th US ?\nA2: Biden has been proposing cuts to Social Security and Medicare for decades on exactly these grounds. In 1984 he proposed freezing Social Security benefits — that is, ending cost-of-living adjustments that boost benefits to keep up with inflation. In January 1995 he gave a speech endorsing a balanced budget amendment (an utterly lunatic policy) and boasted about his previous record of proposing \"that we freeze every single solitary program in the government, anything the government had to do with, every single solitary one, that we not spend a penny more, not even accounting for inflation, than we spent the year before.\" In November 1995 he did so again, boasting that \"I tried with Senator Grassley back in the '80s to freeze all government spending, including Social Security, including everything.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Well written\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In 2018, US presidential candidate Joe Biden lauded Paul Ryan for proposing cuts to Social Security and Medicare\n\nQ1: Was Biden supporting Paul Ryan concerning making cuts to Medicare and Social Security in 2018\nA1: Biden is in fact arguing the exact opposite. Not only is Biden making the argument that Social Security needs to be saved, he is advocating redistributing money from top earners to pay for it",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The source shows that Biden does not back cuts to social security so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Man accused of sexual Harassment of minor girls is a muslim.\n\nQ1: Who is the man the claim refers to?\nA1: Pawan Kumar.\n\nQ2: was Pawan alias Sonu a muslim?\nA2: Ambala police officials confirmed that the accused Pawan Kumar is not a Muslim.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Ambala police officials confirmed that the accused Pawan Kumar is not a Muslim. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In the Senate trial, not even House Intelligence Chairman Adam Schiff’s Republican colleagues were allowed into the SCIF during the House impeachment investigation.\n\nQ1: Were republican members of the house able to question and participate in the Trump impeachment hearing\nA1: Overall, though, the distribution of the questioning is obvious. About 44 percent of the transcript is made up of questions or answers from Democratic members or staff. About 41 percent is from the Republicans. The remaining 15 percent was discussion and objections.\n\nQ2: How many republicans were allowed into the closed door deposition\nA2: Of the 197 Republicans in the House, 48 had authorization to attend the hearings, either by virtue of their positions or their membership on relevant committees\n\nQ3: So is there proof Schiffs colleagues were allowed in during impeachment investigation?\nA3: The transcripts from the meeting show that there were various people from this group present.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The House impeachment investigation was conducted by members from both Democrats and Republicans.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Gold fringe on a U.S. flag signifies maritime and martial law is in effect.\n\nQ1: What does the Gold Fringe on the USA flag signify?\nA1: Records indicate that fringe was first used on the flag as early as 1835. It was not until 1895 that it was officially added to the national flag for all regiments of the Army. For civilian use, fringe is not required as an integral part of the flag, nor can its use be said to constitute an unauthorized addition to the design prescribed by statute. It is considered that fringe is used as an honorable enrichment only. (Military tradition)\n\nThe courts have deemed without merit and frivolous, lawsuits that contend that the gold fringe adorning the flag conferred Admiralty/Maritime jurisdiction.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer and source show that the fringe is not about martial law so the claim is refuted. The source is credible and trustworthy.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Biden Is The First President to Denounce White Supremacy in His Inaugural Address?\n\nQ1: Did Biden dennounce white supremacy in his speech\nA1: Yes, because While other presidents have spoken about the relationship between race and equality in their inaugural addresses, only Biden has specifically used the words \"white supremacy\" in his speech.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Q&A shows that the claim is correct and that Biden was the 1st president to denounce white supremacy. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Witnesses have been part of \"every other impeachment trial the US Senate has ever had.\n\nQ1: How many impeachment trials have there been in the United States?\nA1: The senate has held 15 impeachment trials, two against preseidents and 19 people prior to Trump who were impeached by the House.\n\nQ2: Did witnesses attend all the impeachment trials?\nA2: Yes, because All the impeachment trails dating back to 1904 included witnesses.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Senate has conducted 15 impeachment trials in its 231-year history. And It heard witnesses in every one. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Hilary Clinton had $480, 000 before running for president and $100 million afterwards.\n\nQ1: What was the value of Hilary Clinton's assets in 2016?\nA1: Her financial disclosure form showed that the Clintons had between $10 million and $50 million in the bank or invested in an index fund in 2015.\n\nQ2: what was Hilary Clinton's net worth in 2015?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: What was Hilary Clinton's net worth in 2020?\nA3: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answers and source do not give enough evidence to show that Hillary Clinton had those amounts of money so there is not enough evidence to support or refute the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: At independence, Nigeria had a population of 45 million\n\nQ1: When did Nigeria declare independence?\nA1: Nigeria. won independence from Britain in 1960,\n\nQ2: What was Nigeria's population in 1960?\nA2: 44,928,342",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The population at Independence was 44,928,342\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 52% of Nigeria’s current population lives in urban areas\n\nQ1: What is the urban population of Nigeria\nA1: In 2021, urban population for Nigeria was 52.7 %",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The QA supports the numbers in the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There has been a 60% drop in Nigeria's government revenue\n\nQ1: What revenue does the 60% refer to?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Was any revenue down by 60%?\nA2: in 2019, net oil revenue was short by 62.8% and net non-oil revenue by 11.9%.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Evidence shows 2019 net oil revenue was down against budget by over 60%, but claim implies Nigeria’s overall revenue was down by 60% - no evidence to support overall revenue was down by 60%.\nAlso it is not clear whether the claim is a 60% drop against budget or against prior year revenue.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Barack Obama had $3 million before running for president and $40 million after.\n\nQ1: How much did Barack Obama make between 2005 and 2016\nA1: He has made $8.8 million from his bestseller Audacity of Hope and children’s book Of Thee I Sing: A Letter To My Daughters. Sales of his memoir Dreams From My Father, originally published in 1995, also took off once he landed in the nation's capital, resulting in a $6.8 million windfall for the president. Obama made another $3.7 million from government salaries.\n\nQ2: How much did Barack Obama make while in Office\nA2: $10.8 million majorly from book deals\n\nQ3: How much did Barack Obama have before entering office\nA3: He had 5.6 Million",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Seems that the president had more money to start off with. Therefore from the QAs numbers the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria’s urban population at independence was approximately 7 million\n\nQ1: When did Nigeria become independent?\nA1: 1st October 1960\n\nQ2: What was Nigeria's urban population at the time of it's independence?\nA2: 6.96 million",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: 6.96 million\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has a population exceeding 200 million.\n\nQ1: What is the population of Nigeria\nA1: 211.4 million",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer and source shows that the population is over 200 million so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: For a cumulative 29 of 60 years of existence as a nation, Nigeria has been under military rule.\n\nQ1: When was Nigeria's first experience of military rule?\nA1: The first military government in Nigeria was installed in January 1966 after a partially successful coup on 15 January 1966. This coup was led by a group of middle-rank officers of the Nigerian Armed Forces, and effectively ended the ‘broad-based’ national government led by the Northern People’s Congress (NPC), which was installed after the controversial federal elections held from December 1964 to March 1965.\n\nQ2: How long did Nigeria's first military rule last?\nA2: 13 years. This saw Nigeria return to an elected government in 1976.\n\nQ3: Did Nigeria go through military rule again after 1976?\nA3: Yes, because Nigeria went through a second coup in 1983.\n\nQ4: How long did the second military rule last\nA4: 16 years, from 1983 to 1999.\n\nQ5: When was the last time Nigeria went through a military rule?\nA5: 1999",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Support 13+16 = 29 years of military rule.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There was a 40% drop in oil prices\n\nQ1: Were oil prices low in 2020\nA1: Yes, because The impact of low oil prices has been compounded by shockwaves caused by the new coronavirus pandemic\n\nQ2: By how much did the oil prices drop\nA2: Oil prices dropped 73% between January and April 2020",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: True\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: All data relating to Qwikloan have been lost and cannot be restored\n\nQ1: Who owns Qwikloan?\nA1: Qwikloan is owned by MTN\n\nQ2: Have there been news reports about Qwikloan losing all data?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Where was this claim first published?\nA3: It was published by a satirical website, News7.\n\nQ4: What did MTN say about the claim?\nA4: “MTN wishes to inform its loyal customers to debunk rumours about loss of data on its QWIKLOAN services,\" the disclaimer stated.\n\n“Data on Qwikloan are stored securely and under no circumstance will an undersea fibre cut affect data storage for the service.”",
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"content": "justification: The Q&As show that the claim was on a satirical website and the company have denied the claim so it is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Colloidal silver is effective for any infection when applied topically and taken orally and can be used to fight infections and heal wounds, support the immune system, and eliminate nasty germs\n\nQ1: What does the medical profession say about the use of Colloidal silver?\nA1: The FDA also warned in 1999 that colloidal silver isn’t safe or effective for treating any disease or condition.\nSilver has no known function or benefits in the body when taken by mouth.",
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"content": "justification: According to the answer found Colloidal silver isnt safe or effective for treating any diseases and conditions and has no benefits when taken by mouth, so it would seem the evidence would refute the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The NHS operate on the wrong part of someone’s body four times a day.\n\nQ1: Did Jeremy hunt correct his claim?\nA1: Yes, because Jeremy Hunt initially told the House of Commons that the NHS operates on the wrong part of a patient’s body four times a day. He later corrected it to four times a week. The article has been updated to reflect this.\n\nQ2: Did the NHS publish the latest data to show how many wrong surgeries were done?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The first answer and source show that Jeremy Hunt said the quote but he made a mistake and corrected it later so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A casting call for crisis actors coincided with a pro-gun rally in Virginia on 16th January 2020.\n\nQ1: Is the casting call for crisis actors associated with the pro-gun rally in Virginia?\nA1: No, because Casting agent confirmed on his website that the project has no association to the pro-gun rally in Virginia.\n\nQ2: What are 'crisis actors'?\nA2: A crisis actor (aka actor-patient or actor victim) is a trained actor, role player, volunteer, or other person engaged to portray a disaster victim during emergency drills to train first responders such as police, firefighters or EMS personnel. Crisis actors are used to create high-fidelity simulations of disasters in order to allow first responders to practice their skills and help emergency services to prepare and train in realistic scenarios as part of full-scale disaster exercises. \n\nConspiracy theories and defamation - In the United States, the term has been used by conspiracy theorists who claim that mass shootings and other disasters are staged, and victims and their families are being played by crisis actors in order to pass gun control laws. Conspiracy theorists' use of the term is thought to have originated in 2012, when a blog post by former professor and professional conspiracy theorist James Tracy suggested that the government could have hired an acting agency named Visionbox to help stage the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. Visionbox offered dramatic training \"in criminal and victim behavior\" to actors intended to help \"bring intense realism to simulated mass casualty incidents in public places\".\n\nQ3: What date was the pro-gun rally planned for Virginia as referenced in the claim of January 2020?\nA3: Tensions are High, Extremists are Expected to Attend. Here's What to Know About :the Pro-Gun Rally in Richmond, Virginia\n\nOfficials in Richmond, Va., are taking security precautions as threats of violence from extremist groups are set to overshadow the traditional Lobby Day event where activists meet with state legislators to advocate for a wide range of policy changes.\n\nThis year’s Lobby Day on Monday, Jan. 20 comes amid Democratic legislators — who have majority in both the state’s House and Senate following 2019 elections — pushing through gun control measures that many gun proponents disagree with. These measures include background checks on all gun sales, a restriction of sales’ frequency, and allowing localities to ban firearms at public events.\n\nQ4: Were details of a Virginia based casting call published around the time of the Pro-Gun Rally in Richmond, Virginia\nA4: Yes, because The date for the following casting call appears to list a publishing date of '01.14.20' - Wayback machine captured many instances of this page on '17th January 2020':\nAmissville – Seeking actors for ongoing live roleplaying project – Current – Paid\n\n“Hostile Environment Awareness Training (HEAT)”\n\nLocation: Amissville, VA (near Warrenton/Culpeper)\n\nRate: $250/day ($200 plus $50 for travel). Additional travel/lodging not provided.\n\n \n\nDescription: HEAT courses are designed to prepare NGO staff for operating in challenging international environments through in-person simulations. Actors take on varying roles (terrorist, IED victim, hostage, rescue team) throughout each workshop. The work can be intense (both physically and mentally) but also very rewarding.\n\nQ5: What does coincide mean, including if relevant to location?\nA5: 1a: to occupy the same place in space or time\nThe base of the triangle coincides with one side of the square.\nThe heroic age of bridge construction coincided with the expansion of the railroads …\nMario Salvadori\nb: to occupy exactly corresponding or equivalent positions on a scale or in a series\n100° Celsius coincides with 212° Fahrenheit.\n2: to correspond in nature, character, or function\n\" … our sentiments coincided in every particular … \"\nJane Austen\n3: to be in accord or agreement : concur\nShe coincided with his views on most subjects.\n\nQ6: Does the date of the Amissville Virginia Casting Call coincide with the date of the the Pro-Gun Rally in Richmond, Virginia - planned 20.01.20.\nA6: The Amissville, Virginia Casting Call was published on 14.01.20 and captured live on the web by wayback machine on 17.01.20. This casting call stated - \"Seeking actors for 'ongoing live' roleplaying project – 'Current' – Paid.\" So it is possible that the dates of the two events coincide.\n\nQ7: Does the Pro-gun-rally location of Richmond, Virginia coincide with the casting call location of Amissville, VA (near Warrenton/Culpeper)?\nA7: No, because There are 83.84 miles from Richmond to Amissville in northwest direction and 105 miles (168.98 kilometers) by car, following the I-95 N route.\n\nRichmond and Amissville are 1 hour 49 mins far apart, if you drive non-stop .\n\nThis is the fastest route from Richmond, VA to Amissville, VA. The halfway point is Fredericksburg, VA.\n\nRichmond, VA and Amissville, VA are in the same time zone (EDT). Current time in both locations is 9:01 am.",
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"content": "justification: The answers show that the dates of the events were a day apart and was not possible for the crisis actors to get to the rally in time so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: US Rep Mark Pocan stated on January 16, 2020 in a tweet:\n“There’s an Amazon distribution center that was advertising, last time I was there, up to $12.75 an hour. Your parents made that three decades ago.”\n\nQ1: What is the purchasing power of the average hourly wage in the US compared to the 1970s\nA1: After adjusting for inflation, however, today’s average hourly wage has just about the same purchasing power it did in 1978, following a long slide in the 1980s and early 1990s and bumpy, inconsistent growth since then.\n\nQ2: Was the US rep Mark Pocan's tweet on the difference in wages correct\nA2: From a narrow perspective, Pocan is off — an offer of $12.75 does not equate to hourly wages from 30 years ago, as a straight comparison or with inflation factored in. \n\nHe fares much better when considering the larger point being made: That wage growth has been largely stagnant.\n\nQ3: What was the average wage in the 1990's?\nA3: $10.43",
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"content": "justification: this is mostly true, the wages today have the same buying more as 30 years ago. \n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: MSMEs create around 75% of the jobs in the Kenyan economy.\n\nQ1: How many jobs have micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) created in Kenya?\nA1: In Kenya, MSMEs already constitute a very important segment of the economy and employ about 14.9 million Kenyans.\n\nQ2: How many people are employed in Kenya?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The answer and source below do not show enough evidence to say that the specific job type has 75% of the work force in Kenya.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Madison and Milwaukee County both carry sanctuary status for illegal immigrants and released undocumented immigrants who have committed multiple crimes including sexual assault of a child.\n\nQ1: Does Milwaukee County have sanctuary status?\nA1: No, because Milwaukee is not a sanctuary city.\n\nQ2: What does a sanctuary city entail?\nA2: A sanctuary city is not a legal term -- rather a way to describe a community that in policy or practice does not devote resources to enforcement immigration laws.\n\nQ3: What are Milwaukee county thoughts on enforcement immigration laws?\nA3: Mayor Barrett says while Milwaukee is not a sanctuary city, he says immigrants will not be persecuted here.\n\nThe Milwaukee Police Department's policy on foreign nationals echoes the mayor's position. It says, \"Police members shall not inform federal immigration officials of whereabouts or behavior of any suspect illegal immigrant\" unless that person has been arrested for a serious criminal offense.\n\nOn Wednesday, Milwaukee County supervisors debated an anti-discrimination resolution that would prohibit ICE and Homeland agents from targeting undocumented immigrants inside the courthouse.\n\nQ4: Does Madison County have sanctuary status?\nA4: No, because ...wouldn’t say it’s at this time a sanctuary city.\n\nQ5: What are Madison county thoughts on enforcement immigration laws?\nA5: Since the election, Mayor Paul Soglin and Police Chief Mike Koval have publicly reiterated Madison’s policy of not acting as an immigration authority.\n\n“We are not an agent of the federal government,” Soglin said. “That means that when somebody is arrested and we then have to charge whether it’s a municipal ordinance or it’s a serious criminal matter, the notification to ICE is not an automatic or routine process as it is in some jurisdictions.”\n\nQ6: Has Madison County released undocumented immigrants who have committed multiple crimes including sexual assault of a child?\nA6: Yes, because In regard to the Madison case, Trump’s campaign referred us to the case of Luis Ruiz-Ugalde.\n\nWhen we searched Ruiz-Ugalde’s name on the state court system’s public court records database, we found three cases linked to his name in Madison. \n\nThe first, filed in 2014, involved damage to property, resisting and obstructing an officer and disorderly conduct. \nThe second, filed in June of 2019, revolved around two counts of disorderly conduct and one count of battery. \n\nThe third case, filed September of 2019, lists a range of counts, including one for battery, one for attempted sexual assault, and one for sexual assault of a child.\n\nThe WMTV news report said: \"The Dane County Sheriff’s Office (said) Immigration and Customs Enforcement asked for a hold on Ruiz-Ugalde when he was booked for battery, which the sheriff’s office did not comply with.\"\n\nQ7: Has Milwaukee County released undocumented immigrants who have committed multiple crimes including sexual assault of a child?\nA7: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There is some evidence of the claim happening in Madison county but not in Milwaukee so the claim can not be supported or refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Elizabeth Warren is the only person out of the six candidates for the US presidency on stage at the January 2020 debate in Iowa, who has beaten an incumbent Republican in the past 30 years.\n\nQ1: Who was on stage with Elizabeth Warren in the January 2020 debate in Iowa?\nA1: Pete Buttigieg\nJoe Biden\nBernie Sanders\nTom Steyer\nAmy Kobuchar\n\nQ2: Has any of the people on stage beaten an Incumbent republican ?\nA2: Bernie Sanders has.\n\nWell, just to set the record straight, I defeated an incumbent Republican running for Congress,” Sanders said, referencing his election to the House of Representatives in 1990. The independent Sanders defeated Republican Rep. Peter Smith.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Evidence shows that Bernie Sanders has also beaten an incumbent Republican in the past 30 years.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The remaining male candidates for the US presidency in January 2020 (Pete Buttigieg, Joe Biden, Bernie Sanders, Tom Steyer) have collectively lost 10 elections.\n\nQ1: Which election has Pete Buttigieg lost\nA1: He lost an election in 2010\n\nQ2: How many elections has Joe Biden lost\nA2: He has lost 2 elections\n\nQ3: How many elections has Senator Bernie Sanders lost\nA3: He has lost 7 elections",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Q&A pair state that 10 elections have collectively been lost by the entity's in the statement.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Emeka Ihedioha won just 9 LGAs and lost in 18 during the 2020 elections.\n\nQ1: How many IGAs did Ihedioha win?\nA1: Ihedioha won in 11 of the 27 local government areas, defeating about 69 other candidates.\n\nQ2: How many LGA's did he lose in?\nA2: Ihedioha won in 11 of the 27 local government areas - so he lost in 16",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The answers show that the politician won 11 LGAs and lost in 16 so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former U.S President Barack Obama said \"He's low risk\" in reference to ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi before he was released from U.S custody.\n\nQ1: Who is ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi?\nA1: It is believed al-Baghdadi helped establish the terrorist group Jamaat Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal Jamaa.\n\nQ2: Was ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi released from U.S custody in 2004?\nA2: January 2004 – U.S. forces swept up Abu Dua in a raid near Falluja that targeted his brother-in-law. He was processed and detained at Camp Bucca. At the camp, he befriended members of al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI).\n\nDecember 8, 2004 – Abu Dua was released from Camp Bucca and connected to AQI through a family relative. He traveled to Damascus and worked on aligning the group’s online propaganda with Salafi-Jihadist ultraorthodoxy.\n\nQ3: When was Barack Obama president of the USA?\nA3: On November 4, 2008, Senator Barack Obama of Illinois defeats Senator John McCain of Arizona to become the 44th U.S. president, and the first African American elected to the White House.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: It seems that the release happened during Obama presidency, therefore the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Senator Bernie Saunders told a Democratic presidential primary debate that the healthcare industry makes $100 billion a year.\n\nQ1: Did Senator Bernie Saunders say that the healthcare industry makes $100 billion a year?\nA1: Yes, because on a CNN/Des Moines Register debate\n\nQ2: How much profit does the health care industry in the U.S make in 2020?\nA2: The total U.S. healthcare industry's profits are forecast to grow some five percent a year through 2024, with the fastest growth in medtech and healthcare IT. Healthcare IT's profits are expected to increase from 14 billion in 2019 to 28 billion U.S. dollars in 2024.\n\nQ3: Does the US health care industry receive any tax breaks?\nA3: Tax Law Puts Corporate Profits up by Showering Major Health\nCompanies with $100 Billion in Tax Windfalls",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Correct\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: MSMEs create around 75% of the jobs in the economy in Kenya.\n\nQ1: How many people do smaller businesses employ according to the 2016 Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Survey?\nA1: 14.9 million people\n\nQ2: What was the estimated number of jobs in South Africa in 2015?\nA2: 15.2 million\n\nQ3: What challenges do statiscians face when collecting data on small businesses in South Africa?\nA3: With the statistics bureau chronically underfunded, data was collected with paper and pen, rather than using modern technology like tablets that help to minimize transcription errors and can improve the quality and timeliness of data availability. The statistics bureau was and remains understaffed, especially lacking people with the advanced technical skills to crunch data, with staffing shortages leading to delays in the collection and analysis of data. Of about 300 employees nationwide, only a few have the analytical computer skills needed to analyze numbers in the context of modern Information Technology systems.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The 1st and 2nd Q&A pairs do attempt to give figures for the claim , however these are many years before the claim date and so are not accurate, this is explained in Q&A pair 3 which state the reason for outdated and unavailable data is the statistics bureau is chronically underfunded, and so more up to date evidence is required for the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The MSME sector accounts for more than 80% of all businesses in Kenya.\n\nQ1: What is the MSME Sector?\nA1: Micro, small and medium enterprises\n\nQ2: How many small businesses are there in Kenya?\nA2: According to the The 2016 survey estimated that there were about 1.56 million MSMEs licensed by the 47 county governments, and 5.85 million unlicensed businesses, making for a total of 7.41 million micro, small and medium businesses.\n\nTo estimate this, the statistics office sampled 50,043 licensed businesses from March to June 2016. An additional 14,000 households were targeted so as to capture household-based enterprises, which it said were largely unlicensed.\n\nQ3: How many businesses are there in Kenya?\nA3: No answer could be found.\n\nQ4: How many businesses would there need to be in Kenya for MSME's to take up an 80% share?\nA4: For MSME's to constitute 80%, as Kenyatta claimed, Kenya would have 9.26 million businesses in total.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The 2nd Q&A pair does give a total for how many MSME's there are but fails to show their share of the total number of business's in Kenya so more information is needed for this particular claim stating the MSME's apparent share of the total number of businesses\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Patrick Mahomes thinks George Zimmerman is innocent.\n\nQ1: Where was this supposed statement first published?\nA1: A now deleted tweet that was taken out of context in relation to assaults on cops and a second tweet from Mahomes disagreeing with a class mate, who stated that the crime Zimmerman committed was \"not a crime\"\n\nQ2: What did Mahomes really say about Zimmerman?\nA2: \"there was no reason for Zimmerman to follow him and Trayvon just defended himself and Zimmerman had a (gun) so he shot him\" and \"I still don’t understand what the point of him following him with a (gun) was.\"",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Direct quotes from Mahomes on social media.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The MSME sector accounts for more than 80% of all businesses in Kenya.\n\nQ1: What is the total number of businesses in Kenya\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: How many small businesses are in Kenya\nA2: About 18, 864\n\nQ3: What is an MSME that the query refers to?\nA3: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (businesses)\n\nQ4: How many micro, small and medium businesses are in Kenya ?\nA4: no recent data is available.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Not enough evidence found. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The remaining female candidates for the US presidency in January 2020, Elizabeth Warren and Amy Klobuchar, have won every election they have been in.\n\nQ1: Is Warren right in saying that the only people who have won every single election are women ?\nA1: Warren said, \"Look at the men on this stage. Collectively, they have lost 10 elections. The only people on this stage who have won every single election that they’ve been in are the women, Amy and me\". We checked the electoral histories of the candidates on stage and found that Warren spoke accurately. We rate her statement True.\n\nQ2: Has Elizabeth Warren won every election she has been in?\nA2: Yes, because 2012 Elected to U.S. Senate, defeating Republican incumbent Scott Brown\n\n2018 Re-elected to U.S. Senate.\n\nQ3: Has Amy Klobuchar won every election she has been in?\nA3: Yes, because 1998 Elected Hennepin County Attorney\n\n2002 Re-elected Hennepin County Attorney\n\n2006 Elected to U.S. Senate (open seat)\n\n2012 Re-elected to U.S. Senate\n\n2018 Re-elected to U.S. Senate\n\nQ4: Have any other of the 6 candidates in the debate, won every election?\nA4: No, because Pete Buttigieg has one loss, Joe Biden has two losses, Sanders has seven losses and Tom Steyer has never run.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Supported by elections stated in claim.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria’s cancer cases are about 15% of all cases in West Africa.\n\nQ1: What is the total number of cancer cases in Nigeria in 2020?\nA1: Total: 233 911\n\nQ2: What is the total number of cancer cases in West Africa in 2020?\nA2: Total 247 611\n\nQ3: Is 233 911 15% of 247 611?\nA3: No, because Using a calculator says that this is not 15%",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The total number of cases in Nigeria is more than 15% of the total number of cases in West Africa \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: President Gotabaya Rajapaksa has ordered an investigation into the whereabouts of state-owned goods, including a bus and “other priceless, high technological equipment”.\n\nQ1: What was the date of the claim?\nA1: 13th January 2020.\n\nQ2: Did President Gotabaya Rajapaksa has order an investigation into the whereabouts of state-owned goods including a bus and “other priceless, high technological equipment on 13th January 2020?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Did the government or President Gotabaya Rajapaksa make a statement about an investigation into the whereabouts of state-owned goods around January 2020?\nA3: Yes, because on January 15 The press office of the former Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena issued a statement denying claims of a missing bus, and that the equipment have been appropriately stored in a PMD storage.\"",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Claims were officially denied.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The World Health Organization reports that in 2018, 4% of deaths in Nigeria were caused by cancer.\n\nQ1: How many deaths were there yearly in Nigeria?\nA1: It is estimated that in 2016 there were 2.13 million deaths in Nigeria, 4% of them due to cancer.\n\nQ2: What's the percentage of deaths caused by cancer in 2018 in Nigeria?\nA2: Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes, or CRD between ages 30 and 70 among females is 17.1%.\n \nMortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes, or CRD between ages 30 and 70 among males is 16.3%.\n\nQ3: What did the WHO mention in its report about cancer mortality rates in Nigeria in 2018?\nA3: No answer could be found.\n\nQ4: Are there any other studies about the number of deaths from cancer in Nigeria?\nA4: In 2018, no less than 115,950 Nigerians were diagnosed with cancer, and 70,327 died from the disease, according to figures from the Global Cancer Observatory – up from 102,079 new cancer cases and 72,000 cancer deaths in 2012.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Data provided doesn't prove that 4% of deaths in 2018 were caused by cancer \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Indian Oil is now owned by the Adani group.\n\nQ1: Does the Indian oil corp have joint ventures and subsidiaries?\nA1: Adani Group is one of the joint ventures of IOC along with many other corporates.\n\nQ2: What does the government PIB twitter account say?\nA2: It is being claimed on social media that Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. has been sold to a private entity.\n\n#PIBFactCheck: This claim is #Fake. The image exhibited is of IndianOil-Adani Gas Pvt. Ltd. which is a joint venture company of \n@IndianOilcl\n and Adani Gas Ltd.",
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"content": "justification: The answers and sources show that the claim is refuted as Adani Group do not own IOC.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Iain Duncan Smith has been awarded a knighthood for services to the country.\n\nQ1: Is Iain Duncan Smith been awarded a knighthood for services to the country?\nA1: He has been knighted in the New Years Honours for political and public service.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Confirmed.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 6 months ago the DWP promised a review of Universal Credit for the terminally ill.\n\nQ1: Did the DWP announce a review of universal credit for the terminally in July 2019 ? (6 months before the claim)\nA1: Yes, Citing her own personal experiences, Amber Rudd has asked the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to set up an honest and in depth evaluation of how the benefits system supports people nearing the end of their life and those with severe conditions",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: It's right there on the gov.uk website.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Images show wombats taking animals into their burrows in a bid to protect them from bushfires in Australia\n\nQ1: Do wombats share their burrows with other animals?\nA1: Yes, because In a research article titled “Interspecies co-use of southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) burrows”, which was published in the scientific journal Australian Mammalogy in 2016, scientists said, in part:\n\n“Burrow use was monitored using 34 motion-activated cameras placed outside wombat burrows between March and September 2015. Eleven species were found to use burrows, with six commensal species observed using burrows on numerous occasions. These included two mammal species (black-footed rock-wallaby, Petrogale lateralis pearsoni; brush-tailed bettong, Bettongia penicillata), three reptile species (peninsula dragon, Ctenophorus fionni; southern sand-skink, Liopholis multiscutata; White’s skink, Liopholis whitii), and one avian species (little penguin, Eudyptula minor). \n\n“The most common species observed using burrows was the black-footed rock-wallaby, which was recorded using burrows 1795 times.”\n\nQ2: Are these animals invited in or taken in by wombats?\nA2: No, because Wombats definitely do not shepherd other animals into their burrows. It is possible that this idea arose because someone saw an animal either follow a wombat into its burrow, or the other animals went in first followed by the wombats.\n\n“Wombats generally are fairly tolerant of other animals. This may be because they have few real predators so they don't feel threatened by most animals, especially those that are small enough to fit in their burrows. They do interact with other animals on occasion.” Although unintentional, the refuge wombats provide for other animals has proved crucial in protecting them against raging bushfires. \n\nThe “Interspecies co-use of southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) burrows” research paper states in part: “Burrows can provide refuge for both burrowing and non-burrowing species within harsh environments through protection from climatic extremes, water loss and predation.”",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Although evidence suggests that other animals use burrows, it is suggested that the animals go into the burrows of their own accord. Wombats definitely do not shepherd other animals into their burrows. However, wombats are generally tolerant of other animals. Hence, the claim is misleading.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: It is unlawful for President Buhari's daughter to use state-funded Nigerian presidential jet for private trips\n\nQ1: Does Nigeria have a law regulating presidential privileges?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Is there a budget for he Nigerian presidential jet?\nA2: Yes, because Under National Security Adviser\n\nQ3: Does the budget mention who may use the presidential jet?\nA3: No, because No mention is made",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There is no evidence as to whether it's lawful or not for President Buhari's daughter to use state-funded Nigerian presidential jet for private trips.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Jussie Smollett Charges Reinstated\n\nQ1: what was Jessie Smollett charged for\nA1: The “Empire” actor first claimed that early in the morning on Jan. 29, 2019, two men came up to him in the bitter cold on Lower North Water Street as he was heading to his apartment. He said they yelled racial and homophobic slurs at him, told him “this is MAGA country,” poured a chemical on him and put a rope around his neck.\n\nBut as police investigated the case, they began saying that indicators pointed to Smollett orchestrating the attack. Police concluded that Smollett paid two brothers – Abel and Ola Osundairo – to stage the attack, because he was upset with his salary on his Fox show.\n\nSmollett was indicted on 16 counts of disorderly conduct in March,\n\nQ2: how was the case resolved\nA2: the office of Cook County State’s Attorney Kim Foxx dismissed the case without a plea, after Smollett agreed to surrender his $10,000 bail and perform 16 hours of community service.\n\nQ3: were the charges against Jessie Smollett reinstated\nA3: Webb took on the case for free after a judge appointed him to investigate the circumstances that led the state’s attorney’s office to drop the initial charges against Smollett.\n\nThough Webb found no evidence of criminal misconduct by Foxx and her staff in the office’s decision to drop the charges, he accused the county’s top prosecutor of “substantial abuses of discretion.”\n\nWebb’s full report on his finding remains under seal and has not been released to the public.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: It seems that 5hevcharges were not reinstated, therefore the claim is refuted \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: To counter Deepika, BJP enlists Shaan, Tanisha\n\nQ1: Who is Shaan?\nA1: Shaan (born Shantanu Mukherjee on September 30, 1972), is an Indian playback singer.\n\nQ2: Has Shaan commented on the claim?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Has Indian singer Shaan been enlisted by the BJP to counter Deepika?\nA3: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: No evidence the claim is true or not\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Each month 22 NHS patients with glaucoma unnecessarily lose their sight due to NHS treatment delays.\n\nQ1: How many people with glaucoma lose sight each month due to NHS waiting times\nA1: The British Ophthalmological Surveillance\nUnit (BOSU) found that up to 22 people\nper month were experiencing permanent\nand severe vision loss due to health serviceinitiated delays",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: From the Q&As it seems the figures are correct so its supported. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Rep. Ilhan Omar said, “There is no way to overstate how ASHAMED I am to be called an ‘American.’ We need every world leader to rise and demand that someone stops Trump from starting a catastrophic war with Iran. THE TIME FOR VIOLENCE IS NOW!\n\nQ1: Did Rep. Ilhan Omar tweet \"The time for violence is now\" in January 2020?\nA1: No. There appears to be no record of Omar posting the tweet.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: There is not evidence he said this. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nancy Pelosi defended Qassem Soleimani, Iran's top military commander.\n\nQ1: Did Nancy Pelosi make statements to condemn the killing of Soleimani\nA1: No she stated that she felt that the attack was going to affect the American public that Congress was sworn to protect and they were not informed about it by the president\n\nQ2: What was Nancy Pelosi's view of Soleimani\nA2: She felt he was a very bad man",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The answer shows that Nancy Pelosi did not defend the military commander so the comment was misconstrued.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming. Three new research studies confirm that geothermal heat flow, not man-made global warming, is the dominant cause of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) melting.\n\nQ1: What conclusion was reached by the West Atlantic Ice Sheet study concerning its melting\nA1: This study found that the ice sheet retreated about 10,000 years ago before then stabilizing and expanding. The researchers used a model to investigate why it stabilized and applied this knowledge to discuss how the ice sheet will behave as it continues to retreat today.\n\nQ2: What is causing the melting of the West Atlantic ice Sheet\nA2: Recent studies have identified significant ongoing ice loss from West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) in response to recent climate and ocean changes\n\nQ3: Is volcanic activity the dominant cause of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) melting?\nA3: The PlateClimatology.com article mistakenly lists the title of a press release about the study as the title of the study. The study does not claim that this volcanic heat flow is the cause of modern ice loss measured there. It explains that “the existence of subglacial volcanism impacts both the stable and unstable dynamics of an ice sheet such as the [West Antarctic Ice Sheet]”.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: From the Q&As it seems that this claim is not correct and certain aspects were a mistake on an article. The claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Zimbabwe Deputy Minister of Defence, Cde Victor Matemadanda, warned the US that if they do not retreat from Iran, Zimbabwe may be forced to intervene.\n\nQ1: Who was the Zimbabwe Deputy Minister of Defence when this claim was made?\nA1: Victor Matemadanda\n\nQ2: Did Victor Matemadanda issue any statement to the US regarding Iran?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There's no evidence found as to whether Victor Matemadanda issued this warning or not.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Olive Garden Revoke 'Never Ending Pasta Pass' For Sean Hannity And Capitol Insurrectionists\n\nQ1: Did Olive Garden announce that it was revoking an 'unlimited pasta pass' for Sean Hannity and Capitol insurrectionists?\nA1: No, because The author of the tweet, Louie Manita, confirmed it was a joke and explained why he made it and deleted it.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Evidence confirms the claim was a joke.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Iran’s hostilities substantially increased after the foolish Iran nuclear deal was signed in 2013 and they were given $150 billion, not to mention $1.8 billion in cash\n\nQ1: When was the Iran nuclear deal signed?\nA1: July 14th 2015 so not 2013 as stated in claim.\n\nQ2: Were Iran given $1.8 Billion in cash?\nA2: Yes but it had nothing to do with the Iran Nuclear agreement and was an old settlement between the countries.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: This claim is refuted. Firstly, the Iran nuclear deal was signed in 2015 not 2013- so this part of the claim is false. Also the \"$1.8 billion in cash\" deal is true but completely unrelated to the Iran nuclear deal. Therefore, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: By the way, in terms of the money, it got there two or three weeks ahead of schedule, long before it was supposed to be there\n\nQ1: What date was the aid meant to get to Ukraine?\nA1: Sept. 30 2019.\n\nQ2: What date was the aid sent to Ukraine?\nA2: Congress then extended the deadline to the 2020 fiscal year to allow for the disbursement of the remaining aid.\n\nQ3: Was any aid designated for Ukraine delayed?\nA3: Because of the freeze ordered by Mr. Trump, not all of the aid was spent before the deadline.\n\nQ4: Were the remaining funds sent at a later date?\nA4: With just two weeks left in the fiscal year, the Pentagon was unable to fully disburse the funds. According to testimony from Mark Sandy, an official in the Office of Management and Budget, about $35 million was left unspent. Congress then extended the deadline to the 2020 fiscal year to allow for the disbursement of the remaining aid.\n\n“Had that provision not been included, then any unobligated funds as of Sept. 30 would have expired,” Mr. Sandy said.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Not all of the aid was spent before the deadline. Due to limited time, the Pentagon was unable to fully disburse the funds.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trump-Owned Property In Agrabah Burned To The Ground By Terrorists\n\nQ1: Trump-Owned Property In Agrabah Burned To The Ground By Terrorists?\nA1: The president does not own property there, as Agrabah exists only in the minds of Disney fans as the fictional home of Aladdin.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: The answer clearly shows that the claim is refuted as the place is not a real area.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Ratan Tata has stated that Tata Group will not recruit students from Jawaharlal Nehru University.\n\nQ1: Did Ratan Tata Announce Recruitment Ban On JNU Students?\nA1: no Mr Tata jas not issued any such statement.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: This claim is refuted. According to the QA pairs, Mr Tata has issued no such statement about not recruiting students from Jawaharlal Nehru University. Therefore, this claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nancy Pelosi assured Iran that Trump will \"pay for his crimes.\"\n\nQ1: Where was this claim published?\nA1: Taters Gonna Tate\n\nQ2: What is Taters Gonna Tate?\nA2: Tatersgonnatate.com is a subsidiary of the “America’s Last Line of Defense” network of parody, satire, and tomfoolery, or as Snopes called it before they lost their war on satire: Junk News.\nEverything on this website is fiction.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Q&A pair 1 show the name of the site with Q&A pair 2 showing that that site lists itself as a junk news and satire website so the claim is one of either and refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are only DUP members (who are/were members of a Northern Ireland political party) in the House of Lords.\n\nQ1: How many peers in the House of Lords are DUP members (who are/were members of a Northern Ireland political party)?\nA1: Lord Alderdice of Knock\n\t\nLord Browne of Belmont\tDUP\t\nLord Empey of Shandon\n\nLord Hay of Ballyore\tDUP\n\t\nLord Kilclooney of Armagh\n\t\nLord Maginnis of Drumglass\n\t\nLord McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown\tDUP\n\nLord Morrow of Clogher Valley\tDUP\t\n\nBaroness Ritchie of Downpatrick\t\n\nLord Rogan of Lower Iveagh\n\nLord Trimble of Lisnagarvey\n\nQ2: Which members in the House of Lords are or were members of a political party in Northern Ireland?\nA2: 1. Lord Alderdice of Knock was Alliance Party and now Liberal Democrat.\n\n2. Lord Browne of Belmont was DUP and now DUP.\n\n3. Lord Empey of Shandon was UUP now UUP.\n\n4.Lord Hay of Ballyore was DUP now DUP.\n\n5.Lord Kilclooney of Armagh was\tUUP now Crossbench.\n\n6.Baroness Ritchie of Downpatrick was\tSDLP now Non-affiliated.\n\n7.Lord Maginnis of Drumglass was UUP now Independent Ulster Unionist.\n\n8.Lord McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown was DUP now DUP.\n\n9.Lord Morrow of Clogher Valley was DUP now DUP.\n\n10.Lord Rogan of Lower Iveagh was UUP now UUP.\n\n11.Lord Trimble of Lisnagarvey was UUP now Conservative.\n\nQ3: Which House of Lords members have the DUP listed as their party affiliation?\nA3: Lord Browne of Belmont, Lord Hay of Ballyore, Lord McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown, Lord Morrow of Clogher Valley",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: The total amount of non DUP members in the house of Lords is greater than those that are indeed members of the DUP\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Saudi's rent the entire 45th floor of Trump Tower, And pay him in cash.\n\nQ1: Does Trump rent out the 45th floor of Trump towers?\nA1: No, because Trump sold the 45th floor of Trump World Tower to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for $4.5 million in June 2001, according to a city Finance Department spokeswoman.\n\nQ2: Was the purchase made in cash?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: The floor was sold so is not rented making how they pay their rent part of the claim redundant.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nancy Pelosi Said Trump Must Apologize To Iran \"Or Else\".\n\nQ1: Did Nancy Pelosi Say Trump Must Apologize To Iran \"Or Else\"?\nA1: No, because The site that the claim was published on is a satirical site. \n\nOne clue can be seen in the title of the site, \"Taters Gonna Tate\".",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer and source explains that the post was put on a satirical website so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: New York is trying to pass a bill that would place non mask wearers and unvaccinated people in concentration camps for forced vaccination.\n\nQ1: What is the name of the bill?\nA1: A416\n\nQ2: Was the bill created for covid-19 pandemic?\nA2: No, because The first version was introduced\n\nQ3: Is the bill active?\nA3: No, because The bill has lay dormant ,The bill has no co-sponsors and has never once been heard by committee despite being introduced in the 2015-16, 2017-18, 2019-20 sessions, and the current session",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: A dormant, years-old bill in New York that would allow officials to detain contagious patients during a health emergency has reemerged amid the COVID-19 pandemic and has quickly become the subject of rapidly spreading conspiracy theories, some of which claim it’s a scheme by Gov. Andrew Cuomo to throw people in detainment camps.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Amy Klobuchar has won Michele Bachmann's district every one of her 3 U.S Senate campaigns.\n\nQ1: Did Klobuchar win the three U.S Senate campaigns against Michele Bachman?\nA1: Yes in 2012, 2018 and 2006.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Yes in 2012, 2018 and 2006.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Iihan Omar tweeted \"There is no way to overstate how ASHAMED I am to be called an 'American'. We need every world leader to rise up and demand that someone stops Trump from starting a catastrophic war with Iran.\" THE TIME FOR VIOLENCE IS NOW! #NoWarWithIran\n\nQ1: Did Iihan Omar tweet There is no way to overstate how ASHAMED I am to be called an 'American'. We need every world leader to rise up and demand that someone stops Trump from starting a catastrophic war with Iran. THE TIME FOR VIOLENCE IS NOW! #NoWarWithIran on the 3rd Jan 2020?\nA1: No, because The claim tweet appears to have been created by modifying the text in a real tweet, which reads as ; There is no way to overstate how dangerous this is. \n\nWe need every voice to rise up and demand that Congress stop Trump from starting a catastrophic war with Iran.\n\nQ2: Who post this fake tweet claim?\nA2: A fake Twitter account pretending to be Fox News posted a fake tweet from \n@IlhanMN (Ilhan Omar)",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: From the 2nd QA it is evident that the account is fake, Therefore the claim is refuetd\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Biden’s didn’t tell Obama not to launch bin Laden raid.\n\nQ1: What was the 'raid on bin laden'?\nA1: International terrorist Bin Laden was killed by a team of Navy SEALs on May 2, 2011,\n\nQ2: Did Joe Biden oppose the raid prior to it commencing?\nA2: Remarks he made at a House Democratic Retreat were that He said, ''Mr. President, my suggestion is, don’t go.'' ''We have to do two more things to see if he’s there.’ ”\nSo Biden suggested that he was not against a raid per se but believed more work needed to be done,",
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"content": "justification: Biden said more work needed to be done before launching the raid but did not say to not do it.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Donald Trump was given $413 million from his dad over the course of his career.\n\nQ1: Are there reports that Trump received money from his father?\nA1: A Times investigation found that he received at least $413 million in today’s dollars from his father’s real estate empire, much of it through tax dodges in the 1990s.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: It seems that he has received at least this amount of money from his father, therefore the claim is supported\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trump had not brought pharmaceutical costs down, as he claimed he would, in May 2019.\n\nQ1: Did Trump lower drug prices?\nA1: The White House pointed to the Consumer Price Index for drugs, and using one particular time period, there was a small decline.\n\nBut that index leaves out the actual prices people pay, and it only covers retail drugs, about three-fourths of all prescriptions.\n\nBeyond those limitations, the latest numbers show drug prices rising by about 3.9% in December 2019.\n\nQ2: Will president Trump’s executive orders lower prescription drug costs?\nA2: This executive order is the latest in a series of moves from the Trump administration on health care price transparency recently. As NPR reported, just last month the White House announced its legislative priorities for ending surprise medical bills, which included patients receiving a \"clear and honest bill upfront\" before scheduled care. That same week, HHS announced a final rule requiring drugmakers to display list prices of their drugs in TV ads.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Evidence provided backs the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A biodiesel plant in Crawfordsville, Iowa, closed, \"partly due to the trade war but mostly due to the waivers that Trump secretly gave to the oil companies\"\n\nQ1: Why did a biodiesel plant in Iowa close?\nA1: According to the president of the biodiesel plant: \"The administration’s actions unfairly benefit the oil industry at the expense of our local farmers and if not addressed soon, will impact the livelihoods of many.\"\n\nQ2: Did the biodiesel plant in Crawfordsville, Iowa, close partly due to the trade war but mostly due to the waivers?\nA2: W2 Fuel, a southeast Iowa biodiesel plant, has shut down in response to the unclear future for the Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS). The Crawfordsville, Iowa plant produced 10 million gallons of biodiesel annually. The shutdown will put 50 people out of work, according to the Des Moines Register. In addition to the Iowa plant’s shutdown, the owners will also close the doors of a plant in Michigan.ould tread water for a little while, but I came to a point where I was underwater. I couldn’t make a profit at all. I was bleeding cash,” said Roy Strom, CEO of W2 Fuel to reporters at the Des Moines Register.\n\nThis is the third plant in Iowa alone to announce it will shut down following small refinery exemptions (SRE) to RFS. Similar announcements have been made in other states.\n\nEarlier this month, Siouxland Energy Cooperative in Sioux Center, Iowa announced it would idle production over SREs.\n\n“The administration’s actions unfairly benefit the oil industry at the expense of our local farmers and if not addressed soon, will impact the livelihoods of many,” said Kevin Neiuwenhuis, president of the board for the plant in a recent press release.\n\nIn early August the Trump administration granted 31 additional SRE waivers. Six additional waiver requests were either withdrawn or denied.\n\n“The vast majority of these exemptions are not justified under the law,” said Iowa Renewable Fuels Association (IRFA) Executive Director Monte Shaw in a press release. “Since this news began to leak this afternoon, RFS credit prices have freefallen to nearly zero, destroying much of the incentive to blend an incremental gallon of ethanol.”",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: It does look like the biodiesel plant in Crawfordsville, Iowa, had to close due to waivers made by Trump and that the administration's actions have unfairly benefited the oil industry.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The U.S was seeing a 50% increase in homeowners insurance, as of 03/01/2020.\n\nQ1: Did biodiesel plant in Crawfordsville, Iowa, closed, due to the waivers that Trump secretly gave to the oil companies ?\nA1: Yes, Small refinery were given biofuel waivers during Trump adminstration infuriating ethanol and corn producers for bailing out the oil industry when U.S. farmers are suffering because of tariffs and low prices.\n\nQ2: Did Barack Obama wanted to provide nonprofit heatlhcare option ?\nA2: Yes, even though it was not a major priority, over which Obama replied \"I didn’t campaign on a public option.\"\n\nQ3: Did Trump get $413 million from his dad in the course of his career ?\nA3: Senator Amy Klobuchar did say that Trump got $413 million from his dad, based on that New York Times investigation.\n\nQ4: Are there 64 public health mental health beds in the state of Iowa ?\nA4: Yes. \nADULT = 64 BEDS\nCHILDREN / ADOLESCENT = 32 BEDS\n\nQ5: Is Affordable Care Act is now 10 points more popular than the president of the United States ?\nA5: Yes, though the data changes from month to month, but on average Affordable Care Act is 10% more higher than \n Trump’s popularity.\n\nQ6: Has Trump brought the pharmaceutical costs down?\nA6: No, even though he said that he will bring pharmaceutical costs down. December 2019 numbers show drug prices rising by about 3.9%.\n\nQ7: Can the president bring in less expensive drugs from other countries, instead of getting appoval from Congress ?\nA7: The option to bring in less expensive drugs from other countries is with respect to Canada only, which will allow Americans to safely import more affordable prescription drugs from Canada.\n\nQ8: Did Senator Amy Klobuchar win Michele Bachmann’s district every time?\nA8: Yes, Senator Amy Klobuchar won Michele Bachmann dictict in her three U.S. Senate campaigns\n\nQ9: Has the cost of US homeowners insurance increased?\nA9: The average homeowners insurance premium rose by 3.1 percent in 2018, following a 1.6 percent increase in 2017, according to a January 2021 study by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, the latest data available.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: No figures are shown for the period of the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are 64 mental health beds in the state of Iowa.\n\nQ1: How many mental health beds are there in the state of Iowa?\nA1: 64\n\nQ2: Are there 64 public health mental health beds in the state of Iowa in 2016 ?\nA2: Correct. According to the Iowa Department of Human Services, there were 64 staffed psychiatric beds for adults younger than 55 at the mental health institutes in Iowa.\n\nThere are 44 psychiatric beds for adults younger than 65 and 15 for adults of any age at University of Iowa Health Care, a medical center which receives state funding.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Number is confirmed in QA pair.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A non-profit, public health care option was Barack Obama's plan from the beginning of his presidency.\n\nQ1: Did Barak Obama campaign on a public option?\nA1: But I didn't campaign on a public option. I think it is a good idea. But as I said in that speech on Sept. 9 (on health care), it is just one small element of a broader reform effort.\n\nQ2: When did Barak Obama start his presidency?\nA2: January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017\n\nQ3: Did Barak Obama campaign for a “public option” for health insurance, at the start of his presidency?\nA3: Obama said, \"I didn't campaign on the public option.\"\n\nQ4: Was he correct in saying he didn't campaign on a public option?\nA4: The president's claim that he \"didn't campaign on the public option\" is at best on shaky ground, factually speaking.\n\nQ5: What makes what Obama said 'factually inaccurate''?\nA5: It's unmistakably true that during the campaign his plan for reform included a public option.\n\nQ6: What did his public option plan proposal state?\nA6: A summary of Obama's proposal -- on BarackObama.com -- says it \"Offers a public health insurance option to provide the uninsured and those who can’t find affordable coverage with a real choice.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Yes, the public option was included in his plan for healthcare reform, but he never really ran on it and barely even pushed it during 2008.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Hillary ignored multiple requests for security\n\nQ1: Was Hilary Clinton aware of requests for more security from the U.S Ambassador to Libya, prior to September 11th 2012?\nA1: There is no evidence to suggest Hilary Clinton was made aware of requests for more security from the U.S Ambassador to Libya, prior to September 11th 2012.\n\nQ2: Did the State Department ignore requests for more security from the U.S Ambassador to Libya made prior to September 11th 2012?\nA2: True.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: One set of QA appears to suggest that theres no evidence to suggest that Hilary Clinton was aware of the requests for more security prior to September 11 2012 where as the second QA suggests that the state department ignored the requests but makes no mention specifically of Hilary Clintons involvement.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
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