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75,579,845 | Christian Bartholomae | Christian Bartholomae (21 January 1855 – 9 August 1925) was a German linguist, philologist, and scholar of the Iranian languages. He is best known as the namesake of Bartholomae's law, an early Proto-Indo-European sound law affecting the Indo-Iranian language family.
Bartholomae was born in Forst ob Limmersdorf [de], then a part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, on 21 January 1855 to a forester father. Initially educated in Bayreuth, he began studying classical languages at Munich University and Erlangen University, including under Friedrich von Spiegel. Afterward, he studied at the University of Leipzig, focusing on Sanskrit and comparative philology. He achieved his habilitation from the University of Halle in 1879, where five years later he was appointed as a professor. The following year, he left for the University of Münster, before being appointed to a full professorship at the University of Gießen. During his time there, he developed and published his work on what would later be known as Bartholomae's law, a sound problem in Proto-Indo-European. He worked at the University of Gießen until 1909, when he was appointed the successor of his long-time mentor Heinrich Hübschmann at the University of Strasbourg. However, the same year, he left his appointment yet again to teach at Heidelberg University, where he taught comparative philology and Sanskrit until he retired in 1924.
Bartholomae died on the East Frisian Island of Langeoog on 9 August 1925. | [
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"text": "Christian Bartholomae (21 January 1855 – 9 August 1925) was a German linguist, philologist, and scholar of the Iranian languages. He is best known as the namesake of Bartholomae's law, an early Proto-Indo-European sound law affecting the Indo-Iranian language family.",
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"text": "Bartholomae was born in Forst ob Limmersdorf [de], then a part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, on 21 January 1855 to a forester father. Initially educated in Bayreuth, he began studying classical languages at Munich University and Erlangen University, including under Friedrich von Spiegel. Afterward, he studied at the University of Leipzig, focusing on Sanskrit and comparative philology. He achieved his habilitation from the University of Halle in 1879, where five years later he was appointed as a professor. The following year, he left for the University of Münster, before being appointed to a full professorship at the University of Gießen. During his time there, he developed and published his work on what would later be known as Bartholomae's law, a sound problem in Proto-Indo-European. He worked at the University of Gießen until 1909, when he was appointed the successor of his long-time mentor Heinrich Hübschmann at the University of Strasbourg. However, the same year, he left his appointment yet again to teach at Heidelberg University, where he taught comparative philology and Sanskrit until he retired in 1924.",
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] | Christian Bartholomae was a German linguist, philologist, and scholar of the Iranian languages. He is best known as the namesake of Bartholomae's law, an early Proto-Indo-European sound law affecting the Indo-Iranian language family. | 2023-12-16T18:33:04Z | 2023-12-19T01:36:45Z | [
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75,579,851 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 400 metres T54 | The men's T54 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:
The results were as follows: | [
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] | The men's T54 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-16T18:35:02Z | 2023-12-29T23:02:43Z | [
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75,579,878 | 2023–24 Portimonense S.C. season | The 2023–24 season is Portimonense S.C.'s 110th season in existence and seventh consecutive in the Primeira Liga. They are also competing in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Win Draw Loss Fixtures
Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway
Last updated: December 2023. Source: Superliga
The league fixtures were unveiled on 5 July 2023. | [
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] | The 2023–24 season is Portimonense S.C.'s 110th season in existence and seventh consecutive in the Primeira Liga. They are also competing in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga. | 2023-12-16T18:43:12Z | 2023-12-17T08:39:40Z | [
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75,579,879 | Stormy Night (2003 film) | Stormy Night (French: Nuit d'orage) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Michèle Lemieux and released in 2003. Adapted from her own children's book, the film centres on a young girl who cannot sleep due to the noise from a thunderstorm, and who becomes engrossed in her imagination.
The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 24th Genie Awards in 2004. | [
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] | Stormy Night is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Michèle Lemieux and released in 2003. Adapted from her own children's book, the film centres on a young girl who cannot sleep due to the noise from a thunderstorm, and who becomes engrossed in her imagination. The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 24th Genie Awards in 2004. | 2023-12-16T18:43:22Z | 2023-12-17T18:03:43Z | [
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75,579,900 | Urumi (soundtrack) | Urumi is the soundtrack to the 2011 Malayalam-language epic historical drama film of the same name directed by Santosh Sivan. The music is composed by Deepak Dev whose soundtrack featured lyrics written by Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri, Rafeeq Ahammed and Engandiyur Chandrasekharan. Vairamuthu wrote the Tamil lyrics for the songs whereas Ramajogayya Sastry, Chandrabose, Bhuvana Chandra, Vennelakanti and Rakhi were the lyricists for the Telugu-dubbed versions.
The soundtrack featured nine songs, ranging from a variety of genres and composed predominantly with the use of earthy and organic and instrumentation and devoid of electronic music, which Dev did in the past. Along with K. J. Yesudas, Shweta Mohan, Manjari and Prithviraj himself providing vocals, the soundtrack also marked the debut of Resmi Sateesh, K. R. Renji (his first and only film song till date) and Kannada film composer Gurukiran; with the former, Job Kurian also made his breakthrough with the film, contributing for several Malayalam films.
Urumi's soundtrack was launched by Manorama Music on 7 March 2011 with the Telugu- and Tamil-dubbed versions of the album released through Aditya Music and Sony Music in the latter half of the year. The English version of the film had its songs being excluded to suit the international sensiblities, although a score album is expected to be released. The music was positively received by critics.
The lead actor and producer of the film, Prithviraj Sukumaran suggested Dev's name to Sivan, as he had worked with the latter in Puthiya Mukham (2009). One of the film's producers, Shaji Nateshan formally met Dev regarding that Sivan asked him to meet for a film. Dev felt it as "dream come true" moment as he always wanted to work on Sivan's film (either as a director or cinematographer) or his assistants. Since the film was set in the 16th century, Sivan had proscribed all electronic music elements, which meant that Dev had to explore and reinvent the musical vocabulary; he did not use the piano for the film, abiding Sivan's suggestions. Being a multilingual, Sivan further suggested him to have the music being earthy and organic but also has a pan-Indian appeal and should sound good and sensible too. Hence, he further played the music with the lyrics in Tamil and Hindi and ensure that it should not be overtly regionalized.
Urumi features nine songs, each one of them being completely different and encompassed many genres, ranging from folk, lullaby and ballad. Hence each song needed a different voice and feel, and also flow within the narrative. Each song begins with the word which had been repeated for effect. The contributing singers ranged from prominent names to newcomers as well as fellow music directors and actors. The music was recorded within six months—July to late-December 2010.
K. J. Yesudas and Shweta Mohan recorded the song "Aaro Nee Aaro", the first time they are collaborating for a duet. The song "Chimmi Chimmi", sung by Manjari is a tribute to composer M. G. Radhakrishnan, whom Dev is said to have admired. The song "Aarane Aarane" is sung by Job Kurian and Rita Thyagarajan. Dev recalled that when he was the judge at the Malayalam music-based reality show Super Star, where Kurian was a contestant, he promised him that he would rope him as a singer for one his compositions. On his inclusion in the track, he felt that Kurian's voice would be utilized well. Resmi Sateesh made his debut as a playback singer, recording two songs "Chalanam Chalanam" and "Appaa". The former was picturised on Vidya Balan, where Dev felt that her voice had a "rustic, raw edge" that is scaled from several pitches suiting the scene, while the latter is a lullaby number that she sang accompanying with the santoor.
K. R. Renji debuted with the patriotic number "Thelu Thelu"; Though Dev did not formally meet the singer, he sent the track to Thrissur, where the singer hailed from but later discovered that he had never recorded a song in a studio, and doing so would affect his "natural, full-throated rendering". He then recorded his voice live and arranged the music around his vocals. "Vadakku Vadakku" is a friendship song picturised on Prithviraj and Prabhu Deva. For the song, Dev brought Kannada music composer Gurukiran and fellow composer Shaan Rahman; the former was brought for Deva's voice as he speaks with a Tamil accent in the film. The song was reworked as a rock number which was sung by Prithviraj himself.
Renji, Gurukiran, Satheesh, Mohan and Thyagarajan retained their vocals for the Tamil version of the songs as "Thennadu", "Vadakka Vadakka", "Aaraaro Aaro" and the female vocals of "Kondaadu Kondaadu" and "Yaaro Nee Yaaro", while Malgudi Subha replaced Satheesh's vocals for the song "Chalanam Chalanam", Shreya Ghoshal sang "Chinna Chinna" (Tamil version of "Chimmi Chimmi") replacing Manjari, Hariharan and Benny Dayal, respectively replaced Yesudas' and Kurian's vocals for the songs "Kondaadu Kondaadu" and "Yaaro Nee Yaaro". The Telugu-dubbed version's soundtrack utilizes different singers, thereby not retaining the original counterparts.
Urumi's soundtrack was published by Manorama Music at an audio launch event held in Thiruvananthapuram on 7 March 2011. The Telugu version of the film's soundtrack was launched on 1 August 2011 at another event held in Hyderabad with the presence of the cast and Aditya Music distributed the audio CDs as well as launching it on digital stores. The Tamil version of the soundtrack was distributed by Sony Music and its album was released on 30 November 2011 at another event with the cast, excluding Prithviraj who was shooting for Masters (2012), instead his mother Mallika Sukumaran attended on his behalf. Vijay, Arvind Swamy, Mani Ratnam, A. R. Murugadoss and S. J. Suryah served as the chief guests for the event.
All lyrics are written by Vairamuthu
Critic based at IndiaGlitz summarised that the film's music "is targeted mostly towards class audiences who demand quality music with soulful experience. A definite collector's edition with ensemble music tracks, it will garner colossal critical acclaim from all sections of the media and the critics." Vipin Nair of Music Aloud gave 8 out of 10, saying "Deepak Dev produces a score quite expected from a movie like Urumi, barring the one surprise inclusion called Vadakku Vadakku. Job well done!" Karthik Srinivasan of Milliblog wrote "Urumi’s soundtrack is a good listen, but it is also a strangely predictable package."
The Times of India-based critic called "Yaaro Nee Yaaro" and theme song were Dev's best in compositions. Dhanush S Nair of The Hindu found the music to be "engaging and suits brilliantly with the mood of the movie". Mahesh K. of 123Telugu felt the music "provides a rich backdrop for the movie". Critic based at Behindwoods wrote "Deepak Dev’s songs are hummable and his background score is muted, suited for the setting of the film."
The song "Aaro Nee Aaro" was alleged to be plagiarised from Loreena McKennitt's "Caravanserai" of the album An Ancient Muse and the hook lines lines from "The Mummers' Dance". McKennit filed a lawsuit against composer Deepak Dev and the makers of Urumi in Delhi High Court regarding copyright infringement. On 21 September 2011, Justice Manmohan Singh passed an order on a copyright that prevented the makers from releasing the film's music in English, Hindi, and Tamil, although the Tamil version's music was released in late-November. Since the producers failed to appear in court, judge Hema Kohli passed an arrest warrant against actor Prithviraj, Santhosh Sivan and Shaji Natesan. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Urumi's soundtrack was launched by Manorama Music on 7 March 2011 with the Telugu- and Tamil-dubbed versions of the album released through Aditya Music and Sony Music in the latter half of the year. The English version of the film had its songs being excluded to suit the international sensiblities, although a score album is expected to be released. The music was positively received by critics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The lead actor and producer of the film, Prithviraj Sukumaran suggested Dev's name to Sivan, as he had worked with the latter in Puthiya Mukham (2009). One of the film's producers, Shaji Nateshan formally met Dev regarding that Sivan asked him to meet for a film. Dev felt it as \"dream come true\" moment as he always wanted to work on Sivan's film (either as a director or cinematographer) or his assistants. Since the film was set in the 16th century, Sivan had proscribed all electronic music elements, which meant that Dev had to explore and reinvent the musical vocabulary; he did not use the piano for the film, abiding Sivan's suggestions. Being a multilingual, Sivan further suggested him to have the music being earthy and organic but also has a pan-Indian appeal and should sound good and sensible too. Hence, he further played the music with the lyrics in Tamil and Hindi and ensure that it should not be overtly regionalized.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Urumi features nine songs, each one of them being completely different and encompassed many genres, ranging from folk, lullaby and ballad. Hence each song needed a different voice and feel, and also flow within the narrative. Each song begins with the word which had been repeated for effect. The contributing singers ranged from prominent names to newcomers as well as fellow music directors and actors. The music was recorded within six months—July to late-December 2010.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "K. J. Yesudas and Shweta Mohan recorded the song \"Aaro Nee Aaro\", the first time they are collaborating for a duet. The song \"Chimmi Chimmi\", sung by Manjari is a tribute to composer M. G. Radhakrishnan, whom Dev is said to have admired. The song \"Aarane Aarane\" is sung by Job Kurian and Rita Thyagarajan. Dev recalled that when he was the judge at the Malayalam music-based reality show Super Star, where Kurian was a contestant, he promised him that he would rope him as a singer for one his compositions. On his inclusion in the track, he felt that Kurian's voice would be utilized well. Resmi Sateesh made his debut as a playback singer, recording two songs \"Chalanam Chalanam\" and \"Appaa\". The former was picturised on Vidya Balan, where Dev felt that her voice had a \"rustic, raw edge\" that is scaled from several pitches suiting the scene, while the latter is a lullaby number that she sang accompanying with the santoor.",
"title": "Songs"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "K. R. Renji debuted with the patriotic number \"Thelu Thelu\"; Though Dev did not formally meet the singer, he sent the track to Thrissur, where the singer hailed from but later discovered that he had never recorded a song in a studio, and doing so would affect his \"natural, full-throated rendering\". He then recorded his voice live and arranged the music around his vocals. \"Vadakku Vadakku\" is a friendship song picturised on Prithviraj and Prabhu Deva. For the song, Dev brought Kannada music composer Gurukiran and fellow composer Shaan Rahman; the former was brought for Deva's voice as he speaks with a Tamil accent in the film. The song was reworked as a rock number which was sung by Prithviraj himself.",
"title": "Songs"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Renji, Gurukiran, Satheesh, Mohan and Thyagarajan retained their vocals for the Tamil version of the songs as \"Thennadu\", \"Vadakka Vadakka\", \"Aaraaro Aaro\" and the female vocals of \"Kondaadu Kondaadu\" and \"Yaaro Nee Yaaro\", while Malgudi Subha replaced Satheesh's vocals for the song \"Chalanam Chalanam\", Shreya Ghoshal sang \"Chinna Chinna\" (Tamil version of \"Chimmi Chimmi\") replacing Manjari, Hariharan and Benny Dayal, respectively replaced Yesudas' and Kurian's vocals for the songs \"Kondaadu Kondaadu\" and \"Yaaro Nee Yaaro\". The Telugu-dubbed version's soundtrack utilizes different singers, thereby not retaining the original counterparts.",
"title": "Songs"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Urumi's soundtrack was published by Manorama Music at an audio launch event held in Thiruvananthapuram on 7 March 2011. The Telugu version of the film's soundtrack was launched on 1 August 2011 at another event held in Hyderabad with the presence of the cast and Aditya Music distributed the audio CDs as well as launching it on digital stores. The Tamil version of the soundtrack was distributed by Sony Music and its album was released on 30 November 2011 at another event with the cast, excluding Prithviraj who was shooting for Masters (2012), instead his mother Mallika Sukumaran attended on his behalf. Vijay, Arvind Swamy, Mani Ratnam, A. R. Murugadoss and S. J. Suryah served as the chief guests for the event.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "All lyrics are written by Vairamuthu",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Critic based at IndiaGlitz summarised that the film's music \"is targeted mostly towards class audiences who demand quality music with soulful experience. A definite collector's edition with ensemble music tracks, it will garner colossal critical acclaim from all sections of the media and the critics.\" Vipin Nair of Music Aloud gave 8 out of 10, saying \"Deepak Dev produces a score quite expected from a movie like Urumi, barring the one surprise inclusion called Vadakku Vadakku. Job well done!\" Karthik Srinivasan of Milliblog wrote \"Urumi’s soundtrack is a good listen, but it is also a strangely predictable package.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The Times of India-based critic called \"Yaaro Nee Yaaro\" and theme song were Dev's best in compositions. Dhanush S Nair of The Hindu found the music to be \"engaging and suits brilliantly with the mood of the movie\". Mahesh K. of 123Telugu felt the music \"provides a rich backdrop for the movie\". Critic based at Behindwoods wrote \"Deepak Dev’s songs are hummable and his background score is muted, suited for the setting of the film.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The song \"Aaro Nee Aaro\" was alleged to be plagiarised from Loreena McKennitt's \"Caravanserai\" of the album An Ancient Muse and the hook lines lines from \"The Mummers' Dance\". McKennit filed a lawsuit against composer Deepak Dev and the makers of Urumi in Delhi High Court regarding copyright infringement. On 21 September 2011, Justice Manmohan Singh passed an order on a copyright that prevented the makers from releasing the film's music in English, Hindi, and Tamil, although the Tamil version's music was released in late-November. Since the producers failed to appear in court, judge Hema Kohli passed an arrest warrant against actor Prithviraj, Santhosh Sivan and Shaji Natesan.",
"title": "Plagiarism accusations"
}
] | Urumi is the soundtrack to the 2011 Malayalam-language epic historical drama film of the same name directed by Santosh Sivan. The music is composed by Deepak Dev whose soundtrack featured lyrics written by Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri, Rafeeq Ahammed and Engandiyur Chandrasekharan. Vairamuthu wrote the Tamil lyrics for the songs whereas Ramajogayya Sastry, Chandrabose, Bhuvana Chandra, Vennelakanti and Rakhi were the lyricists for the Telugu-dubbed versions. The soundtrack featured nine songs, ranging from a variety of genres and composed predominantly with the use of earthy and organic and instrumentation and devoid of electronic music, which Dev did in the past. Along with K. J. Yesudas, Shweta Mohan, Manjari and Prithviraj himself providing vocals, the soundtrack also marked the debut of Resmi Sateesh, K. R. Renji and Kannada film composer Gurukiran; with the former, Job Kurian also made his breakthrough with the film, contributing for several Malayalam films. Urumi's soundtrack was launched by Manorama Music on 7 March 2011 with the Telugu- and Tamil-dubbed versions of the album released through Aditya Music and Sony Music in the latter half of the year. The English version of the film had its songs being excluded to suit the international sensiblities, although a score album is expected to be released. The music was positively received by critics. | 2023-12-16T18:48:12Z | 2023-12-17T10:04:16Z | [
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75,579,904 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 800 metres T53/54 | The men's T53/T54 800 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 21 - 22 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
All times shown are in seconds.
The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:
The results were as follows: | [
{
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"text": "The men's T53/T54 800 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 21 - 22 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's T53/T54 800 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 21 - 22 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-16T18:48:58Z | 2023-12-29T23:01:17Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_800_metres_T53/54 |
75,579,925 | 2007 Muntinlupa local elections | Local elections took place in Muntinlupa on May 14, 2007, within the 2007 Philippine general election. Voters elected the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the 16 councilors, eight each in the two local legislative districts of Muntinlupa.
Mayor Jaime "Jimmy" Fresnedi was term-limited. His wife, Loreta ran for his place instead. Fresnedi faced Vice Mayor Aldrin San Pedro.
Vice Mayor Aldrin San Pedro ran for mayor. His party chosen Councilor Rene Carl Cayetano, member of Cayetano political clan in Taguig. Cayetano faced ABC President and ex-officio councilor Artemio "Temy" Simundac, Fresnedi's running mate.
Rep. Rozzano Rufino "Ruffy" Biazon ran for re-election. He was challenged by broadcaster and former Press Secretary Ricardo "Dong" Puno Jr., Fresnedi's running mate.
Vice Mayor Aldrin San Pedro won over Loreta Fresnedi, wife of outgoing Mayor Jaime "Jimmy" Fresnedi.
ABC President and ex-officio councilor Artemio "Temy" Simundac defeated Councilor Rene Carl Cayetano.
Rep. Rozzano Rufino "Ruffy" Biazon won over broadcaster and former Press Secretary Ricardo "Dong" Puno Jr. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Local elections took place in Muntinlupa on May 14, 2007, within the 2007 Philippine general election. Voters elected the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the 16 councilors, eight each in the two local legislative districts of Muntinlupa.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mayor Jaime \"Jimmy\" Fresnedi was term-limited. His wife, Loreta ran for his place instead. Fresnedi faced Vice Mayor Aldrin San Pedro.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Vice Mayor Aldrin San Pedro ran for mayor. His party chosen Councilor Rene Carl Cayetano, member of Cayetano political clan in Taguig. Cayetano faced ABC President and ex-officio councilor Artemio \"Temy\" Simundac, Fresnedi's running mate.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Rep. Rozzano Rufino \"Ruffy\" Biazon ran for re-election. He was challenged by broadcaster and former Press Secretary Ricardo \"Dong\" Puno Jr., Fresnedi's running mate.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Vice Mayor Aldrin San Pedro won over Loreta Fresnedi, wife of outgoing Mayor Jaime \"Jimmy\" Fresnedi.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "ABC President and ex-officio councilor Artemio \"Temy\" Simundac defeated Councilor Rene Carl Cayetano.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Rep. Rozzano Rufino \"Ruffy\" Biazon won over broadcaster and former Press Secretary Ricardo \"Dong\" Puno Jr.",
"title": "Results"
}
] | Local elections took place in Muntinlupa on May 14, 2007, within the 2007 Philippine general election. Voters elected the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the 16 councilors, eight each in the two local legislative districts of Muntinlupa. | 2023-12-16T18:55:02Z | 2023-12-19T01:44:14Z | [
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"Template:Election box end",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Muntinlupa_local_elections |
75,579,943 | Sebastian Ntahuga | Sebastian Ntahuga was a Burundian politician, activist and educator. He was the former Minister of Justice of Burundi from 1992 to 1993. He was succeeded by Fulgence Dwima-Bakana, who was also succeeded by Melchior Ntahobama (1994–1995). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sebastian Ntahuga was a Burundian politician, activist and educator. He was the former Minister of Justice of Burundi from 1992 to 1993. He was succeeded by Fulgence Dwima-Bakana, who was also succeeded by Melchior Ntahobama (1994–1995).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Sebastian Ntahuga was a Burundian politician, activist and educator. He was the former Minister of Justice of Burundi from 1992 to 1993. He was succeeded by Fulgence Dwima-Bakana, who was also succeeded by Melchior Ntahobama (1994–1995). | 2023-12-16T18:58:57Z | 2023-12-17T03:12:50Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian_Ntahuga |
75,579,944 | Larisa Gershtein | Larisa Gershtein (20 August 1951 – 9 December 2023) is a Soviet-born Israeli activist, singer and politician. She served as Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem from 1993 to 2003. She founded the Bulat Okudzhava Foundation in Israel and was Chairman of the Committee for the Defense of Democracy and Human Rights.
Larisa Gershtein was born on 20 August 1951. Her father was Joseph Abramovich Gershtein (11 March 1919, Kyiv - 15 December 2018, Jerusalem), a Kyrgyz Soviet documentary film director. Her mother's family was exiled to the Kyrgyz SSR in 1940 from Western Ukraine. In 1952, the family moved to Frunze, Kirghiz SSR, and in 1961 to Leningrad.
Gershtein graduated from the Faculty of Chemistry of Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute, then repatriated to Israel with her parents in 1975. For some time, she worked at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. In 1990, she married Eduard Kuznetsov. She worked with her husband at Radio Liberty.
Gershtein served as deputy mayor of Jerusalem from December 1993 to February 2003. She adhered to right-wing political views and was opposed to compromise in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Since the late 1970s she has performed songs by Bulat Okudzhava at concerts. In 1978, she made a tour of the United States. She performed songs in 7 languages: Russian, Hebrew, English, Spanish, Yiddish, Judaeo-Spanish and Romani. She also translated Okudzhava's songs into Hebrew.
Gershtein died on 9 December 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Larisa Gershtein (20 August 1951 – 9 December 2023) is a Soviet-born Israeli activist, singer and politician. She served as Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem from 1993 to 2003. She founded the Bulat Okudzhava Foundation in Israel and was Chairman of the Committee for the Defense of Democracy and Human Rights.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Larisa Gershtein was born on 20 August 1951. Her father was Joseph Abramovich Gershtein (11 March 1919, Kyiv - 15 December 2018, Jerusalem), a Kyrgyz Soviet documentary film director. Her mother's family was exiled to the Kyrgyz SSR in 1940 from Western Ukraine. In 1952, the family moved to Frunze, Kirghiz SSR, and in 1961 to Leningrad.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Gershtein graduated from the Faculty of Chemistry of Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute, then repatriated to Israel with her parents in 1975. For some time, she worked at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. In 1990, she married Eduard Kuznetsov. She worked with her husband at Radio Liberty.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Gershtein served as deputy mayor of Jerusalem from December 1993 to February 2003. She adhered to right-wing political views and was opposed to compromise in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Since the late 1970s she has performed songs by Bulat Okudzhava at concerts. In 1978, she made a tour of the United States. She performed songs in 7 languages: Russian, Hebrew, English, Spanish, Yiddish, Judaeo-Spanish and Romani. She also translated Okudzhava's songs into Hebrew.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Gershtein died on 9 December 2023.",
"title": "Death"
}
] | Larisa Gershtein is a Soviet-born Israeli activist, singer and politician. She served as Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem from 1993 to 2003. She founded the Bulat Okudzhava Foundation in Israel and was Chairman of the Committee for the Defense of Democracy and Human Rights. | 2023-12-16T18:59:12Z | 2023-12-19T18:57:31Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larisa_Gershtein |
75,579,946 | Umidaxon Zakirova | Umidakhon Ahmadjanova Zakirova (born 30 September 1971) is an Uzbek teacher, poet and politician. Since 2020, Zakirova is deputy of the Legislative Chamber from Andijan constituency No. 9. She is a member of the Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party.
Zakirova was born on 30 September 1971 in Andijan. She received higher education, graduating from the Andijan State Pedagogical Institute of Languages in 1994. She then became a teacher of the Russian language and literature.
Zakirova began her career in 1988 as a laboratory assistant at the Andijan Pedagogical Institute of Languages. From 1994 to 2004, she worked as a teacher of Russian language and literature, deputy director for career guidance at secondary school No. 30 in Andijan. From 2004 to 2015, she also served as Deputy Director for Spiritual and Educational Issues at this educational institution. From 2015 to 2019, she served as director of secondary school No. 4 in Andijan. In 2019, she was appointed director of secondary school No. 11 in Andijan.
In the Legislative Chamber, Zakirova is a member of the Committee on Labor and Social Issues, a member of the Faction of the Movement of Entrepreneurs and Business People as part of the Liberal Democratic Party.
In addition to her native Uzbek, Zakirova speaks Russian, Turkish and English.. She is married and has three children.
Zakirova was awarded the "15 years of Independence of Uzbekistan" and "27 years of the Constitution of Uzbekistan" commemorative awards, and the "Excellence in Public Education" badge. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Umidakhon Ahmadjanova Zakirova (born 30 September 1971) is an Uzbek teacher, poet and politician. Since 2020, Zakirova is deputy of the Legislative Chamber from Andijan constituency No. 9. She is a member of the Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zakirova was born on 30 September 1971 in Andijan. She received higher education, graduating from the Andijan State Pedagogical Institute of Languages in 1994. She then became a teacher of the Russian language and literature.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Zakirova began her career in 1988 as a laboratory assistant at the Andijan Pedagogical Institute of Languages. From 1994 to 2004, she worked as a teacher of Russian language and literature, deputy director for career guidance at secondary school No. 30 in Andijan. From 2004 to 2015, she also served as Deputy Director for Spiritual and Educational Issues at this educational institution. From 2015 to 2019, she served as director of secondary school No. 4 in Andijan. In 2019, she was appointed director of secondary school No. 11 in Andijan.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the Legislative Chamber, Zakirova is a member of the Committee on Labor and Social Issues, a member of the Faction of the Movement of Entrepreneurs and Business People as part of the Liberal Democratic Party.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In addition to her native Uzbek, Zakirova speaks Russian, Turkish and English.. She is married and has three children.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Zakirova was awarded the \"15 years of Independence of Uzbekistan\" and \"27 years of the Constitution of Uzbekistan\" commemorative awards, and the \"Excellence in Public Education\" badge.",
"title": "Awards"
}
] | Umidakhon Ahmadjanova Zakirova is an Uzbek teacher, poet and politician. Since 2020, Zakirova is deputy of the Legislative Chamber from Andijan constituency No. 9. She is a member of the Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party. | 2023-12-16T18:59:18Z | 2023-12-16T22:29:18Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umidaxon_Zakirova |
75,579,968 | Russian Orthodox Church (disambiguation) | The Russian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church.
Russian Orthodox Church may also refer to the following buildings: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Russian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Russian Orthodox Church may also refer to the following buildings:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "See also"
}
] | The Russian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church. Russian Orthodox Church may also refer to the following buildings: Russian Orthodox Church of Saint Nicholas, Bari, Italy
Russian Orthodox Church of the Resurrection, Montevideo, Uruguay
Russian Orthodox Church in Rabat, Morocco
Russian Orthodox Church, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Russian Orthodox Church, Tunis, Tunisia
Russian Orthodox Church, Vevey, Switzerland | 2023-12-16T18:59:50Z | 2023-12-16T18:59:50Z | [
"Template:Disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church_(disambiguation) |
75,579,981 | Titans: Beast World | "Titans: Beast World" is an eight-issue comic book crossover storyline published by DC Comics in late 2023, featuring Titans dealing with Earth turning into animals. This is the first major crossover event where the Teen Titans are in the main spotlight, and it is written by Tom Taylor and drawn by Ivan Reis as part of the Dawn of DC initiative. The event received critical acclaim from critics who praised Tom Taylor's writing, the characters, the art, and the tie-ins.
On July 22, 2023, DC Comics announced that Tom Taylor will write a crossover event where Titans will have to deal with an alien similar to Starro the Conqueror, and face the consequences where people on Earth will mutate into animals.
A man name Brother Eternity from the Church of Eternity has sent explorers called the Forevernauts to Titan where they encounter a strange temple. Brother Eternity speaks Ancient Tamaraean that only Starfire understands which causes the temple to sends out forces that attack the Forevernauts. The Titans (Cyborg, Raven, Donna Troy, and Stafire) go to the moon where they see the Forevernauts being killed by mysterious forces. Starfire realizes that Titan is a prison for a god name Necrostar. The Titans meet up with the Justice League where Starfire reveals that her ancestors asked Starro for help. Beast Boy offers his plan where the Justice League, Titans, and Shazam Family where Beast Boy mutates into a planetary being similar to Starro to fight Necrostar. Necrostar starts possessing Shazam and the human beings, but Beast Boy sends out his spores to free them. Cyborg creates a boom tube to teleport Necrostar to a different place, but Beast Boy meets Doctor Hate (a being created by Amanda Waller in Knight Terrors) who seemingly kills Beast Boy. This causes Beast boy spores to start attacking and mutating people, including Black Adam.
Beast Boy's spores start attacking the heroes while Animal Man is overwhelmed with Beast Boys spores invading The Red (a force which connects and pervades all animal life and micro-organisms in the universe). Batman is infected with Beast Boy's spores and starts turning into a wolf. Nightwing manages to defeat the mutated Batman by knocking him over a river and tells Barbara Gordon that he needs a cage. Donna Troy and Starfire attack the mutated Black Adam while Barbara Gordon realizes that Beast Boy's spores instinctively infect only super-powered beings. Amanda Waller and Peacemaker meets with the President of the United States to activate the Bureau of Sovereignty so she can gain more power.
Donna Troy and Starfire try to deal with the mutated Black Adam, while Wally West and Bart Allen try to get rid of the spores in Khandaq. Black Adam bites Starfire and escapes, while Raven tells Donna Troy to use her Lasso of Persuasion on Beast Boy to try to regain his subconscious, as Beast Boy is not dead yet. Nightwing takes the mutated Batman to Titans Tower to be held while he meets with his neighbor Dr. Clancy (who knows his secret identity due to them being neighbors) when Detective Chimp comes in to tell that Beast Boy seemingly has a secret agenda. While Power Girl helps save a plane from crashing in Metropolis, she is infected by Beast Boy spores and turns into a phoenix, but Jon Kent arrives to take her down. Peacemaker and Amanda Waller go to Stryker Island to find Lex Luthor in order to get a weapon that Lex stole from Batman.
Deadeye (the nephew of Amanda Waller) is contacted by Amanda Waller to find Doctor Hate who stole something from her. Val-Zod and Red Tornado of Earth 2 (who is an alternate version of Lois Lane) is defeated by Doctor Hate. Black Manta and Gallous the Goat meet up with Doctor Hate for a deal, but Doctor Hate renegades on the deal and defeats them. Deadeye learns that he needs to sever Doctor Hate's magical connection by stealing an Orichalcum ore to set off an explosion that will weaken him. Doctor Hate starts attacking Nubia, Dr. Mist, and Freedom Beast to gain more power due to Beast Boy's spores causing more chaos around the globe. Batwing (David Zambiwe) and Vixen go to the Red Sea to convince Black Manta to join them. Val-Zod meets Gallous the Goat, while Deadeye is defeated by Doctor Hate and meets Val-Zod, Gallous the Goat, Nubia, and Freedom Beast. With the help of Vixen, Deadeye manages to weaken Doctor Hate's hold on his forces and take down Doctor Hate. Doctor Hate tries to mutate Black Manta, and Vixen tells Deadeye to tap in the energy of the Kingdom (the place Doctor Hate draws his power) to lock out Doctor Hate forever. Val-Zod manages to free Black Manta while Amanda Waller somehow steals Doctor Hate from them and tells Doctor Hate to follow her orders or there will be consequences.
Nia Nal tells her friend about how her powers evolved over the past few months when she can see futuristic visions while she is awake. She has visions of A-Town (her city) being blown up. Nia Nap meets up with Jon Kent to tell everyone to evacuate but they are encountered by a villain name Livewire who was mutated by Beast Boy's spores to an Eel-like creature. Nia Nal manages to defeat Livewire by trapping her in a bubble where she overloads herself and she is detained. However, unbeknownst to Nia Nal, Amanda Waller is following her movements. Jimmy Olsen is mutated into a huge turtle monster that begins terrorizing Metropolis but his friend Bibbo Bibbowski and Professor Hamilton who manages to cure Jimmy from Beast Boy spores. Superman reassures Lois Lane that he will be fine when enemies start attacking the Fortress of Solitude. Lois Lane and Superman's robotic butler Kelex fight off the intruders, and Superman is nearly taken over but a mysterious subdermal nanobot implanted on Superman which immobilize the spores. Unbeknownst to Superman and Lois Lane, Brainiac is revealed to be the one implanting the nanobot because he has plans for Superman.
While Nightwing takes Batman to Bludhaven, the mutated Batman wakes up and escapes to Gotham City. Killer Croc deals with the mutated humans that were affected by Beast Boy's spores when he himself gets affected. Nightwing confronts the mutated Killer Croc who nearly kills him, but the mutated Batman saves him and the both of them defeat Killer Croc. Nightwing electrocutes the mutated Batman to knock him unconscious, and transports him with the help of Barbara Gordon to Titans Tower. Meanwhile, a mutated Harley Quinn (who has transformed into a giant bunny) scares a henchmen into giving her his phone for secret intel. Jason Todd has been mutated into a red coyote who takes down armored cops and kills a villain name Vermin who mutated into a Naked mole-rat. Huntress was confronting Stephen Wallers for his corruption when she mutates into a black panther due to Beast Boy's spores. She nearly kills Stephen Wallers when Cassandra Cain who calms her down by using a laser pointer at her. Stephanie Brown goes to a Disaster Food bank due to police requiring her aid on someone attacking them. Stephanie Brown defeats the attacker who turns out to be Killer Moth who has mutated into a cockroach before leaving the crime scene.
According to Comicbook Roundup, Titans: Beast World received an average rating of 8.5 out of 10 based on 26 reviews. Michael Woods from AIPT wrote "overall, this is another compelling story with great work from the entire creative team involved." | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Titans: Beast World\" is an eight-issue comic book crossover storyline published by DC Comics in late 2023, featuring Titans dealing with Earth turning into animals. This is the first major crossover event where the Teen Titans are in the main spotlight, and it is written by Tom Taylor and drawn by Ivan Reis as part of the Dawn of DC initiative. The event received critical acclaim from critics who praised Tom Taylor's writing, the characters, the art, and the tie-ins.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On July 22, 2023, DC Comics announced that Tom Taylor will write a crossover event where Titans will have to deal with an alien similar to Starro the Conqueror, and face the consequences where people on Earth will mutate into animals.",
"title": "Publication History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A man name Brother Eternity from the Church of Eternity has sent explorers called the Forevernauts to Titan where they encounter a strange temple. Brother Eternity speaks Ancient Tamaraean that only Starfire understands which causes the temple to sends out forces that attack the Forevernauts. The Titans (Cyborg, Raven, Donna Troy, and Stafire) go to the moon where they see the Forevernauts being killed by mysterious forces. Starfire realizes that Titan is a prison for a god name Necrostar. The Titans meet up with the Justice League where Starfire reveals that her ancestors asked Starro for help. Beast Boy offers his plan where the Justice League, Titans, and Shazam Family where Beast Boy mutates into a planetary being similar to Starro to fight Necrostar. Necrostar starts possessing Shazam and the human beings, but Beast Boy sends out his spores to free them. Cyborg creates a boom tube to teleport Necrostar to a different place, but Beast Boy meets Doctor Hate (a being created by Amanda Waller in Knight Terrors) who seemingly kills Beast Boy. This causes Beast boy spores to start attacking and mutating people, including Black Adam.",
"title": "Plot Summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Beast Boy's spores start attacking the heroes while Animal Man is overwhelmed with Beast Boys spores invading The Red (a force which connects and pervades all animal life and micro-organisms in the universe). Batman is infected with Beast Boy's spores and starts turning into a wolf. Nightwing manages to defeat the mutated Batman by knocking him over a river and tells Barbara Gordon that he needs a cage. Donna Troy and Starfire attack the mutated Black Adam while Barbara Gordon realizes that Beast Boy's spores instinctively infect only super-powered beings. Amanda Waller and Peacemaker meets with the President of the United States to activate the Bureau of Sovereignty so she can gain more power.",
"title": "Plot Summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Donna Troy and Starfire try to deal with the mutated Black Adam, while Wally West and Bart Allen try to get rid of the spores in Khandaq. Black Adam bites Starfire and escapes, while Raven tells Donna Troy to use her Lasso of Persuasion on Beast Boy to try to regain his subconscious, as Beast Boy is not dead yet. Nightwing takes the mutated Batman to Titans Tower to be held while he meets with his neighbor Dr. Clancy (who knows his secret identity due to them being neighbors) when Detective Chimp comes in to tell that Beast Boy seemingly has a secret agenda. While Power Girl helps save a plane from crashing in Metropolis, she is infected by Beast Boy spores and turns into a phoenix, but Jon Kent arrives to take her down. Peacemaker and Amanda Waller go to Stryker Island to find Lex Luthor in order to get a weapon that Lex stole from Batman.",
"title": "Plot Summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Deadeye (the nephew of Amanda Waller) is contacted by Amanda Waller to find Doctor Hate who stole something from her. Val-Zod and Red Tornado of Earth 2 (who is an alternate version of Lois Lane) is defeated by Doctor Hate. Black Manta and Gallous the Goat meet up with Doctor Hate for a deal, but Doctor Hate renegades on the deal and defeats them. Deadeye learns that he needs to sever Doctor Hate's magical connection by stealing an Orichalcum ore to set off an explosion that will weaken him. Doctor Hate starts attacking Nubia, Dr. Mist, and Freedom Beast to gain more power due to Beast Boy's spores causing more chaos around the globe. Batwing (David Zambiwe) and Vixen go to the Red Sea to convince Black Manta to join them. Val-Zod meets Gallous the Goat, while Deadeye is defeated by Doctor Hate and meets Val-Zod, Gallous the Goat, Nubia, and Freedom Beast. With the help of Vixen, Deadeye manages to weaken Doctor Hate's hold on his forces and take down Doctor Hate. Doctor Hate tries to mutate Black Manta, and Vixen tells Deadeye to tap in the energy of the Kingdom (the place Doctor Hate draws his power) to lock out Doctor Hate forever. Val-Zod manages to free Black Manta while Amanda Waller somehow steals Doctor Hate from them and tells Doctor Hate to follow her orders or there will be consequences.",
"title": "Plot Summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Nia Nal tells her friend about how her powers evolved over the past few months when she can see futuristic visions while she is awake. She has visions of A-Town (her city) being blown up. Nia Nap meets up with Jon Kent to tell everyone to evacuate but they are encountered by a villain name Livewire who was mutated by Beast Boy's spores to an Eel-like creature. Nia Nal manages to defeat Livewire by trapping her in a bubble where she overloads herself and she is detained. However, unbeknownst to Nia Nal, Amanda Waller is following her movements. Jimmy Olsen is mutated into a huge turtle monster that begins terrorizing Metropolis but his friend Bibbo Bibbowski and Professor Hamilton who manages to cure Jimmy from Beast Boy spores. Superman reassures Lois Lane that he will be fine when enemies start attacking the Fortress of Solitude. Lois Lane and Superman's robotic butler Kelex fight off the intruders, and Superman is nearly taken over but a mysterious subdermal nanobot implanted on Superman which immobilize the spores. Unbeknownst to Superman and Lois Lane, Brainiac is revealed to be the one implanting the nanobot because he has plans for Superman.",
"title": "Plot Summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "While Nightwing takes Batman to Bludhaven, the mutated Batman wakes up and escapes to Gotham City. Killer Croc deals with the mutated humans that were affected by Beast Boy's spores when he himself gets affected. Nightwing confronts the mutated Killer Croc who nearly kills him, but the mutated Batman saves him and the both of them defeat Killer Croc. Nightwing electrocutes the mutated Batman to knock him unconscious, and transports him with the help of Barbara Gordon to Titans Tower. Meanwhile, a mutated Harley Quinn (who has transformed into a giant bunny) scares a henchmen into giving her his phone for secret intel. Jason Todd has been mutated into a red coyote who takes down armored cops and kills a villain name Vermin who mutated into a Naked mole-rat. Huntress was confronting Stephen Wallers for his corruption when she mutates into a black panther due to Beast Boy's spores. She nearly kills Stephen Wallers when Cassandra Cain who calms her down by using a laser pointer at her. Stephanie Brown goes to a Disaster Food bank due to police requiring her aid on someone attacking them. Stephanie Brown defeats the attacker who turns out to be Killer Moth who has mutated into a cockroach before leaving the crime scene.",
"title": "Plot Summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "According to Comicbook Roundup, Titans: Beast World received an average rating of 8.5 out of 10 based on 26 reviews. Michael Woods from AIPT wrote \"overall, this is another compelling story with great work from the entire creative team involved.\"",
"title": "Critical reception"
}
] | "Titans: Beast World" is an eight-issue comic book crossover storyline published by DC Comics in late 2023, featuring Titans dealing with Earth turning into animals. This is the first major crossover event where the Teen Titans are in the main spotlight, and it is written by Tom Taylor and drawn by Ivan Reis as part of the Dawn of DC initiative. The event received critical acclaim from critics who praised Tom Taylor's writing, the characters, the art, and the tie-ins. | 2023-12-16T19:01:31Z | 2023-12-31T21:13:27Z | [
"Template:Teen Titans",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox comics story arc",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:DC Comics"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titans:_Beast_World |
75,580,118 | Center, Oklahoma | Center is a ghost town in Pontotoc County, Oklahoma. A few buildings remain there, including a fire department.
Center was established in the mid 1800’s as a white establishment in the Chickasaw Nation. They illegally made the town due to the fact that it was under white ownership. Most of the settlers and pioneers of Center inhabited the town via lease or rent of ownership. These people would build stores there. Around the mid 1890’s, Center was a leading town in modern-day Pontotoc County. The town had over 500 people. The main area was built circling two wells. The town had a courthouse, twenty-five stores of fluctuating responsibilities, two hotels, and was what considered as a “leading newspaper”. In March of 1900, the west side of Center was destroyed by a fire. This included the courthouse. No plans were made to fight a fire, and no one could fight a fire this disastrous. When other towns were being built in the Chickasaw nation, people began to move away from Center, leaving it a desolate shell of what it once was. There is a newer Center that was rebuilt a half-mile south of where it once was. | [
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"text": "Center is a ghost town in Pontotoc County, Oklahoma. A few buildings remain there, including a fire department.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Center was established in the mid 1800’s as a white establishment in the Chickasaw Nation. They illegally made the town due to the fact that it was under white ownership. Most of the settlers and pioneers of Center inhabited the town via lease or rent of ownership. These people would build stores there. Around the mid 1890’s, Center was a leading town in modern-day Pontotoc County. The town had over 500 people. The main area was built circling two wells. The town had a courthouse, twenty-five stores of fluctuating responsibilities, two hotels, and was what considered as a “leading newspaper”. In March of 1900, the west side of Center was destroyed by a fire. This included the courthouse. No plans were made to fight a fire, and no one could fight a fire this disastrous. When other towns were being built in the Chickasaw nation, people began to move away from Center, leaving it a desolate shell of what it once was. There is a newer Center that was rebuilt a half-mile south of where it once was.",
"title": "History"
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] | Center is a ghost town in Pontotoc County, Oklahoma. A few buildings remain there, including a fire department. | 2023-12-16T19:14:32Z | 2023-12-17T13:21:39Z | [
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75,580,135 | Bert Carless | Egbert Carless OBE was a politician in Birmingham, England.
After working as diesel mechanic at a Jamaican sugar refining plant, he migrated to the United Kingdom, arriving in 1956.
He was elected as the labour councillor for Aston ward in Birmingham, and was the first non-white councillor to sit on Birmingham City Council, serving for nearly 20 years.
He died as a result of of cancer in 2003.
In December 2023, Carless' achievements were marked by the erection of a blue plaque in his honour. | [
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},
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] | Egbert Carless OBE was a politician in Birmingham, England. After working as diesel mechanic at a Jamaican sugar refining plant, he migrated to the United Kingdom, arriving in 1956. He was elected as the labour councillor for Aston ward in Birmingham, and was the first non-white councillor to sit on Birmingham City Council, serving for nearly 20 years. He died as a result of of cancer in 2003. In December 2023, Carless' achievements were marked by the erection of a blue plaque in his honour. | 2023-12-16T19:15:33Z | 2023-12-16T21:53:08Z | [
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75,580,148 | The Train for Venice | The Train for Venice may refer to: | [
{
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"text": "The Train for Venice may refer to:",
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] | The Train for Venice may refer to: The Train for Venice (play), a 1937 comedy play by Georges Berr and Louis Verneuil
The Train for Venice (film), a 1938 French comedy film, based on the play | 2023-12-16T19:17:02Z | 2023-12-16T19:18:30Z | [
"Template:Dab"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Train_for_Venice |
75,580,178 | Odisha Juggernauts | The Odisha Juggernauts are a team in Ultimate Kho Kho (UKK). They won the inaugural UKK season by defeating Telugu Yoddhas 46–45 in the final. Odisha Juggernauts' sponsor for the first two seasons has been AM/NS India, which has also partnered with the Odisha government to promote kho-kho in the state.
The Juggernauts are named after Jagannath. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
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] | The Odisha Juggernauts are a team in Ultimate Kho Kho (UKK). They won the inaugural UKK season by defeating Telugu Yoddhas 46–45 in the final. Odisha Juggernauts' sponsor for the first two seasons has been AM/NS India, which has also partnered with the Odisha government to promote kho-kho in the state. | 2023-12-16T19:21:21Z | 2023-12-23T22:53:10Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odisha_Juggernauts |
75,580,179 | Richard B. Richards | Richard B. Richards (December 9, 1916 – November 30, 1988) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 38th district of the California State Senate.
Richards was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
In 1954, Richards was elected to represent the 38th district of the California State Senate, succeeding Jack Tenney. He served until 1963, when he was succeeded by Thomas M. Rees.
Richards died in November 1988 of cancer at the UCLA Medical Center, at the age of 71. | [
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{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Richards died in November 1988 of cancer at the UCLA Medical Center, at the age of 71.",
"title": "Life and career"
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] | Richard B. Richards was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 38th district of the California State Senate. | 2023-12-16T19:21:43Z | 2023-12-17T03:05:51Z | [
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75,580,182 | Roger Toupin, épicier variété | Roger Toupin, épicier variété is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Benoît Pilon and released in 2003. The film profiles Roger Toupin, a shopkeeper in Montreal's Plateau-Mont-Royal borough who is being forced to sell his shop, and the residential apartment above it where he has lived for his entire life, due to the rising costs of running an independent business.
The film premiered on November 14, 2003, at the Montreal International Documentary Festival, where it received a standing ovation that lasted over 10 minutes. It went into commercial release in December.
The film was co-winner, with Jean-Claude Labrecque's À Hauteur d'homme, of the Jutra Award for Best Documentary Film at the 6th Jutra Awards in 2004. | [
{
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"text": "Roger Toupin, épicier variété is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Benoît Pilon and released in 2003. The film profiles Roger Toupin, a shopkeeper in Montreal's Plateau-Mont-Royal borough who is being forced to sell his shop, and the residential apartment above it where he has lived for his entire life, due to the rising costs of running an independent business.",
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},
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] | Roger Toupin, épicier variété is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Benoît Pilon and released in 2003. The film profiles Roger Toupin, a shopkeeper in Montreal's Plateau-Mont-Royal borough who is being forced to sell his shop, and the residential apartment above it where he has lived for his entire life, due to the rising costs of running an independent business. The film premiered on November 14, 2003, at the Montreal International Documentary Festival, where it received a standing ovation that lasted over 10 minutes. It went into commercial release in December. The film was co-winner, with Jean-Claude Labrecque's À Hauteur d'homme, of the Jutra Award for Best Documentary Film at the 6th Jutra Awards in 2004. | 2023-12-16T19:22:00Z | 2023-12-16T19:26:20Z | [
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75,580,190 | Juan Fernando Leal | Juan Fernando Leal Arango (born 2 August 1980) is a Colombian retired footballer who played as a midfielder.
Leal began his career at Envigado in 1999, staying at the club until 2001. For the 2002 season, he moved to Independiente Medellín and won the 2002 Finalizacion title with the club, playing both legs of the finals against Deportivo Pasto. In 2003, he also made a few appearances in the Copa Libertadores, where Medellin had a great campaign and were eliminated in the semi-finals.
In 2004, he played with Independiente Santa Fe. In the 2005 Apertura, he played with Junior, and for that years Finalizacion tournament he made a return to Envigado. For 2006, he played with Millonarios, and in 2007 made another return to Independiente Medellin.
From 2008 to 2009, Leal had a third stint with Envigado. In October 2009, after a loss against Deportes Tolima, Leal assaulted a referee and was hit with a six-month ban, as well as a Col$5,000,000 fine.
In 2010, Leal made a third return to Independiente Medellin. However, he missed the 2010 Apertura because of his ban, but returned for the 2010 Finalizacion and was an important player for El Poderoso. At the conclusion of the 2011 Apertura, Leal announced his retirement.
Leal was part of the Colombia national team from 2004 to 2005, making one appearance in 2006 World Cup qualifiers, and three at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Juan Fernando Leal Arango (born 2 August 1980) is a Colombian retired footballer who played as a midfielder.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Leal began his career at Envigado in 1999, staying at the club until 2001. For the 2002 season, he moved to Independiente Medellín and won the 2002 Finalizacion title with the club, playing both legs of the finals against Deportivo Pasto. In 2003, he also made a few appearances in the Copa Libertadores, where Medellin had a great campaign and were eliminated in the semi-finals.",
"title": "Club Career"
},
{
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"text": "In 2004, he played with Independiente Santa Fe. In the 2005 Apertura, he played with Junior, and for that years Finalizacion tournament he made a return to Envigado. For 2006, he played with Millonarios, and in 2007 made another return to Independiente Medellin.",
"title": "Club Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "From 2008 to 2009, Leal had a third stint with Envigado. In October 2009, after a loss against Deportes Tolima, Leal assaulted a referee and was hit with a six-month ban, as well as a Col$5,000,000 fine.",
"title": "Club Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2010, Leal made a third return to Independiente Medellin. However, he missed the 2010 Apertura because of his ban, but returned for the 2010 Finalizacion and was an important player for El Poderoso. At the conclusion of the 2011 Apertura, Leal announced his retirement.",
"title": "Club Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Leal was part of the Colombia national team from 2004 to 2005, making one appearance in 2006 World Cup qualifiers, and three at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup.",
"title": "International Career"
}
] | Juan Fernando Leal Arango is a Colombian retired footballer who played as a midfielder. | 2023-12-16T19:23:47Z | 2023-12-19T02:09:10Z | [
"Template:Infobox football biography",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Fernando_Leal |
75,580,249 | In Water | In Water is a 2023 South Korean drama film written, directed, produced, photographed, scored and edited by Hong Sang-soo.
A young man transitions from a career in acting to one in film production, arriving with a minimal crew on Jeju Island's rugged landscape. Seeking inspiration, he observes the surroundings, gazing at the coastline and awaiting ideal lighting. After encountering a person near a cliff, a brief conversation ensues, sparking the creation of a story intertwined with a past love song, providing him with newfound inspiration for his film project.
The film had its world premiere at the Encounters section of the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival. And was also part of the Main Slat at the 61st New York Film Festival, before being released at the United States by The Cinema Guild in December 2023. | [
{
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"text": "In Water is a 2023 South Korean drama film written, directed, produced, photographed, scored and edited by Hong Sang-soo.",
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},
{
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"text": "A young man transitions from a career in acting to one in film production, arriving with a minimal crew on Jeju Island's rugged landscape. Seeking inspiration, he observes the surroundings, gazing at the coastline and awaiting ideal lighting. After encountering a person near a cliff, a brief conversation ensues, sparking the creation of a story intertwined with a past love song, providing him with newfound inspiration for his film project.",
"title": "Plot"
},
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"title": "Release"
}
] | In Water is a 2023 South Korean drama film written, directed, produced, photographed, scored and edited by Hong Sang-soo. | 2023-12-16T19:33:17Z | 2023-12-19T13:01:25Z | [
"Template:Infobox film",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_Water |
75,580,255 | Theo Wease Jr. | Theo Wease Jr. (born June 25, 2001) is an American football wide receiver for the Missouri Tigers. He previously played for the Oklahoma Sooners.
Wease Jr. attended Allen High School in Allen, Texas. He was selected to play in the 2019 Under Armour All-America Game and 2019 All-American Bowl. A five-star recruit, he committed to the University of Oklahoma to play college football.
As a true freshman at Oklahoma in 2019, Wease Jr. played in 13 games and had eight receptions for 136 yards and two touchdowns. He started all 11 games in 2020 and led the team with 37 receptions for 530 yards and four touchdowns. He played in only one game in 2021 due to a foot injury he suffered in the first game of the season. Wease Jr returned from the injury in 2022 and had 19 receptions for 378 yards and four touchdowns. After the season, he entered the transfer portal and transferred to the University of Missouri. | [
{
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"text": "Theo Wease Jr. (born June 25, 2001) is an American football wide receiver for the Missouri Tigers. He previously played for the Oklahoma Sooners.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Wease Jr. attended Allen High School in Allen, Texas. He was selected to play in the 2019 Under Armour All-America Game and 2019 All-American Bowl. A five-star recruit, he committed to the University of Oklahoma to play college football.",
"title": "High school career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "As a true freshman at Oklahoma in 2019, Wease Jr. played in 13 games and had eight receptions for 136 yards and two touchdowns. He started all 11 games in 2020 and led the team with 37 receptions for 530 yards and four touchdowns. He played in only one game in 2021 due to a foot injury he suffered in the first game of the season. Wease Jr returned from the injury in 2022 and had 19 receptions for 378 yards and four touchdowns. After the season, he entered the transfer portal and transferred to the University of Missouri.",
"title": "College career"
}
] | Theo Wease Jr. is an American football wide receiver for the Missouri Tigers. He previously played for the Oklahoma Sooners. | 2023-12-16T19:34:19Z | 2023-12-31T15:10:55Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theo_Wease_Jr. |
75,580,259 | Lookie | Lookie is the seventh studio album from Japanese girl group Bis. It was released on February 5, 2020, by Nippon Crown and consists of thirteen tracks. | [
{
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"text": "Lookie is the seventh studio album from Japanese girl group Bis. It was released on February 5, 2020, by Nippon Crown and consists of thirteen tracks.",
"title": ""
}
] | Lookie is the seventh studio album from Japanese girl group Bis. It was released on February 5, 2020, by Nippon Crown and consists of thirteen tracks. | 2023-12-16T19:34:36Z | 2023-12-16T19:46:58Z | [
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75,580,265 | 2024 MLS Next Pro season | The 2024 MLS Next Pro season will be the third season of MLS Next Pro, the reserve league of Major League Soccer. It is expected that the season will begin in March 2024 and conclude in September 2024.
Outside of MLS Next Pro, all MLSNP are anticipated to play in the 2024 U.S. Open Cup, pending review by the U.S. Soccer Federation.
Austin FC II and the Colorado Rapids 2 are the defending playoff and regular season champions, respectively.
It is also expected that the two independent clubs, Carolina Core FC and Chattanooga FC will begin play in the league. Chattanooga FC previously played in the National Independent Soccer Association, while Core FC is an expansion club.
Note: All teams use Adidas as universal kit manufacturer. | [
{
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] | The 2024 MLS Next Pro season will be the third season of MLS Next Pro, the reserve league of Major League Soccer. It is expected that the season will begin in March 2024 and conclude in September 2024. Outside of MLS Next Pro, all MLSNP are anticipated to play in the 2024 U.S. Open Cup, pending review by the U.S. Soccer Federation. Austin FC II and the Colorado Rapids 2 are the defending playoff and regular season champions, respectively. It is also expected that the two independent clubs, Carolina Core FC and Chattanooga FC will begin play in the league. Chattanooga FC previously played in the National Independent Soccer Association, while Core FC is an expansion club. | 2023-12-16T19:35:30Z | 2023-12-23T03:37:05Z | [
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75,580,302 | AntConc | [] | 2023-12-16T19:42:29Z | 2023-12-16T19:42:29Z | [
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||
75,580,315 | Siege of Bohus fortress | The Siege of Bohus Fortress (1678) was a siege by Dano–Norwegian troops during the Scanian War. The siege was endured by the Swedish defenders for weeks before forcing a Dano–Norwegian retreat.
In 1672, France had become a powerful and expansive country, which had caused them to look to the Netherlands as their next target. Sweden's situation at the time was precarious, as the treasury was empty and Danish revenge plans for previous wars were a constant threat. As a solution, the two nations entered into an alliance with eachother on the 4th of April, 1672, primarily targetted towards the Netherlands. According to the treaty, Sweden is to intervene against the German princes who try to support the Netherlands in the event of a French attack. In return, Sweden is to receive extensive subsidies and guarantees that France will not support a Danish attack on Sweden.
In the end of May 1678, Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve advanced over the Swedish–Norwegian border with 12,000–15,000 men towards Bohus. In order to more effectively besiege Bohus, it was necessary to take control of Hisingen, which had a garrison of 600 men under the command of Hans Christoffer Koch. Due to his numerical inferiority Koch retreated from the island on May 24. After the arrival of the Dano–Norwegian force they immediately set up batteries on the island and on the evening of June 4th after the Swedes had refused to surrender they opened a deadly barrage on the Bohus garrison, which consisted of 400 men under the command of Fredrich von Börstell and Carl Gustaf Fröhlich.
During the initial Dano–Norwegian assault, the defenders signed an agreement to not mention the word "surrender" and to instead fight till the last man. Anyone who spoke of surrender was considered a traitor and was executed as punishment.
In late June, the Dano–Norwegian cannon fire had caused massive damage to the fortress. By June 17th, the Blockhouse and so called "Alarm Place" were completely destroyed. The outer works had been nearly fully destroyed, providing little to no protection. Most of the cannons were also either damaged or destroyed. Many skilled engineers had been wounded or killed.
After recognizing the immense impact of the bombardment on the fortress, Gyldenløve suggested a direct assault. However, other generals, especially Schack, advised against it. Despite Gyldenløve's military experience, the assault was refused.
Meanwhile, the situation of the defenders was dire. The iron gate on the Hisingen side had been heavily bombarded by the enemy cannons on the island. The cannons caused significant damage to the gate and the nearby wall. Any attempts to repair the damage during night time was risky and dangerous, since all outer defenses were in ruins and providing no protection. The process of filling the breaches with stones and turf was perilous, causing at least 20 men to die for each repair attempt. The Swedish communication lines had also been cut causing them to begin starving.
Facing these challenges, Friedrich von Börstell wrote to Gustaf Otto Stenbock on June 18th, requesting reinforcements. In response to his request, Stenbock sent 100 men under the command of a man named "Edington" who departed on June 19th. Unfortunately for the Swedes, 60 of the reinforcing troops were killed or injured, inclding Edington, who had died on June 21st from severe wounds to his right arm. Despite these challenges, the intense barrage cotinued, and the fortress was increasingly surrounded by the besiegers.
Then, the besiegers attempted to build a bridge from Hisingen to Bohus, but this was stopped by a successful sortie by Börstell who burned the bridge. When the Dano–Norwegians arrived in greater numbers he was forced to retreat inside the fortress. The Dano–Norwegians were however undeterred and repaired the bridge and advanced toward Skarpenort. Despite occasional reinforcements, the fortress sustained major damage, with the besiegers setting mines and initiating a blockade.
Stenbock succeeded in assembling a force consisting of cavalry and militia, and he reached Bohus on July 17, additional measures to alleviate the siege such as destroying the retreat bridge at Kviström were undertaken.
He later began a march with an army estimated to be 12,000 in size towards Bohus on July 18. Before his departure, Stenbock had a bridge constructed to Hisingen, accompanied by armed barges and multiple pontoon bridges for protection during their crossing. The Swedish army succeeded in crossing during the night of July 18-19. By morning, the entire army had crossed to the island, Stenbock sent a captain with 60 men to secure a nearby hill, leading to a confrontation with the Danes. Swedish reinforcements under Colonel Mörner and Lieutenant Colonel Gripensköld repelled the Danes and sustained 30 casualties. The day after, the Swedish army passed through the Quillån pass, facing no resistance. There was also a detachment of musketeers who circumvented a mountain to make sure the army was not ambushed. Around midday, the Swedish army reached a height close to Bohus, signalling the besieged with double Swedish signals, the Danes, who were stationed at Gullön, had constructed a fortification and bridge over the river to communicate with the mainland. The Swedish army successfully forced the Danes to retreat on the night of July 22, destroying their fortifications, bridges, and camp. A day later, the Dano–Norwegian force abandoned Fontin and withdrew, leaving behind artillery and unexploded bombs.
Bohus Fortress, having been successfully relieved, displayed massive damage after the relentless bombardment, including 2,265 large bombs, 200 glowing bullets, and 75 baskets of hand grenades. | [
{
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},
{
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"text": "In 1672, France had become a powerful and expansive country, which had caused them to look to the Netherlands as their next target. Sweden's situation at the time was precarious, as the treasury was empty and Danish revenge plans for previous wars were a constant threat. As a solution, the two nations entered into an alliance with eachother on the 4th of April, 1672, primarily targetted towards the Netherlands. According to the treaty, Sweden is to intervene against the German princes who try to support the Netherlands in the event of a French attack. In return, Sweden is to receive extensive subsidies and guarantees that France will not support a Danish attack on Sweden.",
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{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In the end of May 1678, Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve advanced over the Swedish–Norwegian border with 12,000–15,000 men towards Bohus. In order to more effectively besiege Bohus, it was necessary to take control of Hisingen, which had a garrison of 600 men under the command of Hans Christoffer Koch. Due to his numerical inferiority Koch retreated from the island on May 24. After the arrival of the Dano–Norwegian force they immediately set up batteries on the island and on the evening of June 4th after the Swedes had refused to surrender they opened a deadly barrage on the Bohus garrison, which consisted of 400 men under the command of Fredrich von Börstell and Carl Gustaf Fröhlich.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During the initial Dano–Norwegian assault, the defenders signed an agreement to not mention the word \"surrender\" and to instead fight till the last man. Anyone who spoke of surrender was considered a traitor and was executed as punishment.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In late June, the Dano–Norwegian cannon fire had caused massive damage to the fortress. By June 17th, the Blockhouse and so called \"Alarm Place\" were completely destroyed. The outer works had been nearly fully destroyed, providing little to no protection. Most of the cannons were also either damaged or destroyed. Many skilled engineers had been wounded or killed.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "After recognizing the immense impact of the bombardment on the fortress, Gyldenløve suggested a direct assault. However, other generals, especially Schack, advised against it. Despite Gyldenløve's military experience, the assault was refused.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Meanwhile, the situation of the defenders was dire. The iron gate on the Hisingen side had been heavily bombarded by the enemy cannons on the island. The cannons caused significant damage to the gate and the nearby wall. Any attempts to repair the damage during night time was risky and dangerous, since all outer defenses were in ruins and providing no protection. The process of filling the breaches with stones and turf was perilous, causing at least 20 men to die for each repair attempt. The Swedish communication lines had also been cut causing them to begin starving.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Facing these challenges, Friedrich von Börstell wrote to Gustaf Otto Stenbock on June 18th, requesting reinforcements. In response to his request, Stenbock sent 100 men under the command of a man named \"Edington\" who departed on June 19th. Unfortunately for the Swedes, 60 of the reinforcing troops were killed or injured, inclding Edington, who had died on June 21st from severe wounds to his right arm. Despite these challenges, the intense barrage cotinued, and the fortress was increasingly surrounded by the besiegers.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Then, the besiegers attempted to build a bridge from Hisingen to Bohus, but this was stopped by a successful sortie by Börstell who burned the bridge. When the Dano–Norwegians arrived in greater numbers he was forced to retreat inside the fortress. The Dano–Norwegians were however undeterred and repaired the bridge and advanced toward Skarpenort. Despite occasional reinforcements, the fortress sustained major damage, with the besiegers setting mines and initiating a blockade.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Stenbock succeeded in assembling a force consisting of cavalry and militia, and he reached Bohus on July 17, additional measures to alleviate the siege such as destroying the retreat bridge at Kviström were undertaken.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "He later began a march with an army estimated to be 12,000 in size towards Bohus on July 18. Before his departure, Stenbock had a bridge constructed to Hisingen, accompanied by armed barges and multiple pontoon bridges for protection during their crossing. The Swedish army succeeded in crossing during the night of July 18-19. By morning, the entire army had crossed to the island, Stenbock sent a captain with 60 men to secure a nearby hill, leading to a confrontation with the Danes. Swedish reinforcements under Colonel Mörner and Lieutenant Colonel Gripensköld repelled the Danes and sustained 30 casualties. The day after, the Swedish army passed through the Quillån pass, facing no resistance. There was also a detachment of musketeers who circumvented a mountain to make sure the army was not ambushed. Around midday, the Swedish army reached a height close to Bohus, signalling the besieged with double Swedish signals, the Danes, who were stationed at Gullön, had constructed a fortification and bridge over the river to communicate with the mainland. The Swedish army successfully forced the Danes to retreat on the night of July 22, destroying their fortifications, bridges, and camp. A day later, the Dano–Norwegian force abandoned Fontin and withdrew, leaving behind artillery and unexploded bombs.",
"title": "The siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Bohus Fortress, having been successfully relieved, displayed massive damage after the relentless bombardment, including 2,265 large bombs, 200 glowing bullets, and 75 baskets of hand grenades.",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | The Siege of Bohus Fortress (1678) was a siege by Dano–Norwegian troops during the Scanian War. The siege was endured by the Swedish defenders for weeks before forcing a Dano–Norwegian retreat. | 2023-12-16T19:43:39Z | 2023-12-28T15:32:41Z | [
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75,580,338 | Lectio dificilior | Lectio Dificilior, short for "Lectio Difficilior Potior" is a Latin phrase that translates to "the more difficult reading is the stronger". This principle is a fundamental guideline in textual criticism, particularly in the field of biblical scholarship. It posits that when scribes copied texts, they were more likely to harmonize theologically difficult passages than to make them more complex or challenging. In other words, mistakes are more likely to produce changes that hew closer to a scribe's historical context, including personal and cultural beliefs. Therefore, when faced with multiple textual variants, the more difficult version is often considered closer to the original. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lectio Dificilior, short for \"Lectio Difficilior Potior\" is a Latin phrase that translates to \"the more difficult reading is the stronger\". This principle is a fundamental guideline in textual criticism, particularly in the field of biblical scholarship. It posits that when scribes copied texts, they were more likely to harmonize theologically difficult passages than to make them more complex or challenging. In other words, mistakes are more likely to produce changes that hew closer to a scribe's historical context, including personal and cultural beliefs. Therefore, when faced with multiple textual variants, the more difficult version is often considered closer to the original.",
"title": ""
}
] | Lectio Dificilior, short for "Lectio Difficilior Potior" is a Latin phrase that translates to "the more difficult reading is the stronger". This principle is a fundamental guideline in textual criticism, particularly in the field of biblical scholarship. It posits that when scribes copied texts, they were more likely to harmonize theologically difficult passages than to make them more complex or challenging. In other words, mistakes are more likely to produce changes that hew closer to a scribe's historical context, including personal and cultural beliefs. Therefore, when faced with multiple textual variants, the more difficult version is often considered closer to the original. | 2023-12-16T19:48:35Z | 2023-12-16T21:16:33Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lectio_dificilior |
75,580,351 | Maher al-Agal | Maher al-Agal (Arabic: مَاهِرُ ٱلْعَقَّالْ, romanized: Mahīr al-'Aqāl) was a top commander and leader for the Islamic State in Syria. He was involved in aggressively developing ISIS networks outside Iraq and Syria, according to CENTCOM. al-Agal was also a commander for Jaysh Al-Sharqiyyah.
Little is known about his life other then his military history.
He was a part of the Islamic State in Raqqa when the organisation still held that territory. When he presumably rose the ranks, he was aggressively spreading ISIS networks outside of Iraq and Syria worldwide.
Around 2020, al-Agal would be an member of Turkish-backed factions and would live in Afrin in northwestern Syria, where he would soon become a commander of a Syrian rebel group called Jaysh Al-Sharqiyyah.
At 12 July 2022, in Ghaltan village outside the town of Jindires, in northwest Syria, near the border of Hatay Province in Turkey. al-Agal who was riding his motorcycle, along with an another unidentified ISIS official who was an close affiliate to him, was both targeted from an US drone strike. The attack killed al-Agal and seriously injured the other ISIS official. This attack took extensive planning for it to come out as an successful operation, without any civilian casualties. The White House used al-Agal's death as an example that they don't need thousands of troops to get rid of threats in their country. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Maher al-Agal (Arabic: مَاهِرُ ٱلْعَقَّالْ, romanized: Mahīr al-'Aqāl) was a top commander and leader for the Islamic State in Syria. He was involved in aggressively developing ISIS networks outside Iraq and Syria, according to CENTCOM. al-Agal was also a commander for Jaysh Al-Sharqiyyah.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Little is known about his life other then his military history.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He was a part of the Islamic State in Raqqa when the organisation still held that territory. When he presumably rose the ranks, he was aggressively spreading ISIS networks outside of Iraq and Syria worldwide.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Around 2020, al-Agal would be an member of Turkish-backed factions and would live in Afrin in northwestern Syria, where he would soon become a commander of a Syrian rebel group called Jaysh Al-Sharqiyyah.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "At 12 July 2022, in Ghaltan village outside the town of Jindires, in northwest Syria, near the border of Hatay Province in Turkey. al-Agal who was riding his motorcycle, along with an another unidentified ISIS official who was an close affiliate to him, was both targeted from an US drone strike. The attack killed al-Agal and seriously injured the other ISIS official. This attack took extensive planning for it to come out as an successful operation, without any civilian casualties. The White House used al-Agal's death as an example that they don't need thousands of troops to get rid of threats in their country.",
"title": "Death"
}
] | Maher al-Agal was a top commander and leader for the Islamic State in Syria. He was involved in aggressively developing ISIS networks outside Iraq and Syria, according to CENTCOM. al-Agal was also a commander for Jaysh Al-Sharqiyyah. | 2023-12-16T19:50:56Z | 2023-12-26T21:09:35Z | [
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75,580,356 | Pillar of Salt (film) | Pillar of Salt (Hungarian: Sóbálvány) is a 1958 Hungarian drama film directed by Zoltán Várkonyi and starring Antal Páger, Anna Tõkés and Éva Ruttkai. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director László Duba. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pillar of Salt (Hungarian: Sóbálvány) is a 1958 Hungarian drama film directed by Zoltán Várkonyi and starring Antal Páger, Anna Tõkés and Éva Ruttkai. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director László Duba.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Pillar of Salt is a 1958 Hungarian drama film directed by Zoltán Várkonyi and starring Antal Páger, Anna Tõkés and Éva Ruttkai. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director László Duba. | 2023-12-16T19:54:14Z | 2023-12-26T00:31:41Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillar_of_Salt_(film) |
75,580,399 | Sultan Ul Arfeen Siddiqui | Sultan Ul Arfeen Siddiqui (born; 23 August 1973 Urdu: سلطان العارفین صدیقی ) is an Islamic scholar and third custodian of Nerian Sharif.
He is aslo the current Chancellor of Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University and Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College.
Sultan Ul Arfeen Siddiqui is the current custodian, taking over, in 2017, after the death of Alauddin Siddiqui. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sultan Ul Arfeen Siddiqui (born; 23 August 1973 Urdu: سلطان العارفین صدیقی ) is an Islamic scholar and third custodian of Nerian Sharif.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He is aslo the current Chancellor of Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University and Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Sultan Ul Arfeen Siddiqui is the current custodian, taking over, in 2017, after the death of Alauddin Siddiqui.",
"title": "3rd Custodian"
}
] | Sultan Ul Arfeen Siddiqui is an Islamic scholar and third custodian of Nerian Sharif. He is aslo the current Chancellor of Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University and Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College. | 2023-12-16T20:01:51Z | 2023-12-22T07:36:14Z | [
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75,580,408 | Alessandra Flammini | Alessandra Flammini (born 1960) is an Italian electrical engineer and metrologist whose research involves measurement in challenging environments, including smart sensors, wireless sensor networks, smart buildings, smart grids, and industrial applications. She is Professor of Electronic Measurements in the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Brescia, and leader of the university's Research Group on Embedded Systems and Smart Sensors.
Flammini was born in Brescia in 1960, and earned a laurea at the Sapienza University of Rome in 1985. After working for ten years in industry, and seven years as a researcher at the University of Brescia, she became an associate professor at the University of Brescia in 2002. She has been full professor there since 2016.
Flammini was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, "for contributions to wireless distributed measurements for industrial systems". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Alessandra Flammini (born 1960) is an Italian electrical engineer and metrologist whose research involves measurement in challenging environments, including smart sensors, wireless sensor networks, smart buildings, smart grids, and industrial applications. She is Professor of Electronic Measurements in the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Brescia, and leader of the university's Research Group on Embedded Systems and Smart Sensors.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Flammini was born in Brescia in 1960, and earned a laurea at the Sapienza University of Rome in 1985. After working for ten years in industry, and seven years as a researcher at the University of Brescia, she became an associate professor at the University of Brescia in 2002. She has been full professor there since 2016.",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Flammini was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, \"for contributions to wireless distributed measurements for industrial systems\".",
"title": "Recognition"
}
] | Alessandra Flammini is an Italian electrical engineer and metrologist whose research involves measurement in challenging environments, including smart sensors, wireless sensor networks, smart buildings, smart grids, and industrial applications. She is Professor of Electronic Measurements in the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Brescia, and leader of the university's Research Group on Embedded Systems and Smart Sensors. | 2023-12-16T20:03:27Z | 2023-12-17T08:17:38Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandra_Flammini |
75,580,416 | Daisy A. Robinton | Daisy A. Robinton (born March 1987) is a molecular biologist, entrepreneur, lifestyle and fitness model, writer, and public speaker. She is the director of women's health at Cambrian Bio and the cofounder, CEO, and board director of Oviva Therapeutics, a biotechnology company dedicated to broadening the study of female physiology, ovarian function, and menopause. For her work, she has been recognized by Forbes as one of their 30 under 30.
Robinton grew up in Palo Alto, California. She went on to earn a Bachelor of Science in molecular, cell, and developmental biology in 2010 from the University of California, Los Angeles and a PhD from Harvard University in human biology and translational medicine in 2016.
For her PhD, Robinton researched stem cells and their therapeutical applications. Her research focused on the novel technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are somatic cells reprogrammed to be stem cells and are an alternative, more ethical option to using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in research. Her paper compares the potential uses of iPSCs vs. ESCs and fundamental differences between the two. She furthered her stem cell work by researching their applications, maintenance, metabolism, and oncogenesis. Robinton worked on Lin28b, which is an RNA-binding protein that influences stem cell function in liver cancer.
As a postdoctoral researcher at Boston Children's Hospital from 2017 to 2018, Robinton researched neurodevelopment and how cell-to-cell interactions impact neurodegenerative diseases in the lab of Beth Stevens.
In more recent work, Robinton has shifted her focus on an emerging field of longevity biotechnology. This field researches the mechanisms that drive natural aging and is looking to develop new theraputics to combat or slow these processes. Robinton is especially interested in the women's health aspect of longevity biotechnology and its influence on ovarian aging. Currently, she is the director of women's health at Cambrian Bio in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In addition to that role, she is the CEO and co-founder of Oviva Therapeutics, which is a biotech company based in New York City conducting on going research and clinical trials in this field.
Robinton is a scientific advisory board member at Dior, which is exploring the field of reverse aging and its application to the beauty industry. She is also an advisory council member at SHE Media, a lifestyle media company with articles ranging from health, food, and family to career and entertainment.
She was also the co-founder of Weird and Wonderful Inc. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Daisy A. Robinton (born March 1987) is a molecular biologist, entrepreneur, lifestyle and fitness model, writer, and public speaker. She is the director of women's health at Cambrian Bio and the cofounder, CEO, and board director of Oviva Therapeutics, a biotechnology company dedicated to broadening the study of female physiology, ovarian function, and menopause. For her work, she has been recognized by Forbes as one of their 30 under 30.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Robinton grew up in Palo Alto, California. She went on to earn a Bachelor of Science in molecular, cell, and developmental biology in 2010 from the University of California, Los Angeles and a PhD from Harvard University in human biology and translational medicine in 2016.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "For her PhD, Robinton researched stem cells and their therapeutical applications. Her research focused on the novel technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are somatic cells reprogrammed to be stem cells and are an alternative, more ethical option to using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in research. Her paper compares the potential uses of iPSCs vs. ESCs and fundamental differences between the two. She furthered her stem cell work by researching their applications, maintenance, metabolism, and oncogenesis. Robinton worked on Lin28b, which is an RNA-binding protein that influences stem cell function in liver cancer.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As a postdoctoral researcher at Boston Children's Hospital from 2017 to 2018, Robinton researched neurodevelopment and how cell-to-cell interactions impact neurodegenerative diseases in the lab of Beth Stevens.",
"title": "Research discoveries and accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In more recent work, Robinton has shifted her focus on an emerging field of longevity biotechnology. This field researches the mechanisms that drive natural aging and is looking to develop new theraputics to combat or slow these processes. Robinton is especially interested in the women's health aspect of longevity biotechnology and its influence on ovarian aging. Currently, she is the director of women's health at Cambrian Bio in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In addition to that role, she is the CEO and co-founder of Oviva Therapeutics, which is a biotech company based in New York City conducting on going research and clinical trials in this field.",
"title": "Research discoveries and accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Robinton is a scientific advisory board member at Dior, which is exploring the field of reverse aging and its application to the beauty industry. She is also an advisory council member at SHE Media, a lifestyle media company with articles ranging from health, food, and family to career and entertainment.",
"title": "Research discoveries and accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "She was also the co-founder of Weird and Wonderful Inc.",
"title": "Research discoveries and accomplishments"
}
] | Daisy A. Robinton is a molecular biologist, entrepreneur, lifestyle and fitness model, writer, and public speaker. She is the director of women's health at Cambrian Bio and the cofounder, CEO, and board director of Oviva Therapeutics, a biotechnology company dedicated to broadening the study of female physiology, ovarian function, and menopause. For her work, she has been recognized by Forbes as one of their 30 under 30. | 2023-12-16T20:04:20Z | 2023-12-26T14:12:37Z | [
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75,580,418 | New Boultham | New Boultham is an area of the city of Lincoln in Lincolnshire, England. It is located between the suburbs of Boultham and Newland areas. It is part of the Boultham Ward which had a population of 11,258 in the 2021 Census. It is mainly a mix of retail, leisure, industrial and residential units. It is more commonly known for being the site of the Lincoln Tank Memorial, part of the University of Lincoln and for the retail parks off the main A1192 aka Tritton Road.
Notable landmarks in the area include the Engine Shed, Brayford Pool and St Marks Shopping Centre. Also nearby is the Lincoln Tank Memorial which is located on the roundabout in the area.
New Boultham is located on a small peninsula being flagged by the River Witham to the north and Brayford Pool to the northeast. The River Witham also runs directly to the east of the area separating it from the Boultham area by multiple bridges. The south is partly separated by Waterloo Street which crosses a small water drain. To the west, the Lincoln - Nottingham Railway and Lincoln - Doncaster Line skirt the area to the northwest and southwest.
The area is served by bus services, such as:
The area was also served by Lincoln St Marks railway station between 1846 until 1985 when it was closed and all services moved to Lincoln Central railway station. The site now forms a shopping centre. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "New Boultham is an area of the city of Lincoln in Lincolnshire, England. It is located between the suburbs of Boultham and Newland areas. It is part of the Boultham Ward which had a population of 11,258 in the 2021 Census. It is mainly a mix of retail, leisure, industrial and residential units. It is more commonly known for being the site of the Lincoln Tank Memorial, part of the University of Lincoln and for the retail parks off the main A1192 aka Tritton Road.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Notable landmarks in the area include the Engine Shed, Brayford Pool and St Marks Shopping Centre. Also nearby is the Lincoln Tank Memorial which is located on the roundabout in the area.",
"title": "Local attractions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "New Boultham is located on a small peninsula being flagged by the River Witham to the north and Brayford Pool to the northeast. The River Witham also runs directly to the east of the area separating it from the Boultham area by multiple bridges. The south is partly separated by Waterloo Street which crosses a small water drain. To the west, the Lincoln - Nottingham Railway and Lincoln - Doncaster Line skirt the area to the northwest and southwest.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The area is served by bus services, such as:",
"title": "Transport"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The area was also served by Lincoln St Marks railway station between 1846 until 1985 when it was closed and all services moved to Lincoln Central railway station. The site now forms a shopping centre.",
"title": "Transport"
}
] | New Boultham is an area of the city of Lincoln in Lincolnshire, England. It is located between the suburbs of Boultham and Newland areas. It is part of the Boultham Ward which had a population of 11,258 in the 2021 Census. It is mainly a mix of retail, leisure, industrial and residential units. It is more commonly known for being the site of the Lincoln Tank Memorial, part of the University of Lincoln and for the retail parks off the main A1192 aka Tritton Road. | 2023-12-16T20:05:08Z | 2023-12-20T17:14:10Z | [
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75,580,423 | Abraham Meets Melchizedek | Abraham Meets Melchizedek or The Meeting Between Abraham and Melchizedek is a c.1650 oil on canvas painting by Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione. In the left background is a scene from Genesis 14: 1-24, whilst the foreground is taken up by a still life. It is signed on a rock at bottom left "Castilionus/Cap XVI".
It entered the French royal collection under Louis XV sometime before 1753 (at which date it was recorded as being at the château de Marly and misattributed to Berchem). It was exhibited at France's Musée central des Arts from 1801 and is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris. It was exhibited in the "Accumulation, échange, marché, pillage" section of the Louvre exhibition Les Choses. Une histoire de la nature morte from 12 October 2022 to 23 January 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Abraham Meets Melchizedek or The Meeting Between Abraham and Melchizedek is a c.1650 oil on canvas painting by Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione. In the left background is a scene from Genesis 14: 1-24, whilst the foreground is taken up by a still life. It is signed on a rock at bottom left \"Castilionus/Cap XVI\".",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It entered the French royal collection under Louis XV sometime before 1753 (at which date it was recorded as being at the château de Marly and misattributed to Berchem). It was exhibited at France's Musée central des Arts from 1801 and is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris. It was exhibited in the \"Accumulation, échange, marché, pillage\" section of the Louvre exhibition Les Choses. Une histoire de la nature morte from 12 October 2022 to 23 January 2023.",
"title": ""
}
] | Abraham Meets Melchizedek or The Meeting Between Abraham and Melchizedek is a c.1650 oil on canvas painting by Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione. In the left background is a scene from Genesis 14: 1-24, whilst the foreground is taken up by a still life. It is signed on a rock at bottom left "Castilionus/Cap XVI". It entered the French royal collection under Louis XV sometime before 1753. It was exhibited at France's Musée central des Arts from 1801 and is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris. It was exhibited in the "Accumulation, échange, marché, pillage" section of the Louvre exhibition Les Choses. Une histoire de la nature morte from 12 October 2022 to 23 January 2023. | 2023-12-16T20:05:42Z | 2023-12-24T00:17:14Z | [
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75,580,425 | Flammini | Flammini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
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"text": "Flammini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Flammini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include: Alessandra Flammini, Italian electrical engineer
Beatrice Flammini, Italian actress
Maurizio Flammini, Italian racing driver | 2023-12-16T20:05:58Z | 2023-12-16T20:05:58Z | [
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75,580,449 | Asher Opoku-Fordjour | Asher Opoku-Fordjour (born 16 July 2004) is an English Prop forward player who plays as a prop forward for Sale Sharks.
Born in Coventry, the youngest of four brothers, he moved to Oxford at 16 years-old where he attended City of Oxford College. Opoku-Fordjour had started playing rugby union at 10 years-of-age for Broadstreet Rugby Club and initially played on the wing before moving to flanker, hooker, and then prop. He was let go from the Worcester Warriors academy in his teens.
He played rugby for Kenilworth RFC in Warwickshire and played for the academy side of Wasps RFC. However, after Wasps disbanded due to financial reasons, he joined Sale Sharks in November 2022. He played on loan in the National Rugby League with both Stourbridge and Sedgley Tigers during the 2022-23 season. He made his debut for Sale in the Premiership Rugby Cup at the start of the 2023-24 season. He made his Rugby Premiership debut for Sale against Newcastle Falcons on 17 November 2023.
He is an English U20 international and played at the U20 Rugby World Cup in 2023. | [
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"text": "Born in Coventry, the youngest of four brothers, he moved to Oxford at 16 years-old where he attended City of Oxford College. Opoku-Fordjour had started playing rugby union at 10 years-of-age for Broadstreet Rugby Club and initially played on the wing before moving to flanker, hooker, and then prop. He was let go from the Worcester Warriors academy in his teens.",
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"text": "He played rugby for Kenilworth RFC in Warwickshire and played for the academy side of Wasps RFC. However, after Wasps disbanded due to financial reasons, he joined Sale Sharks in November 2022. He played on loan in the National Rugby League with both Stourbridge and Sedgley Tigers during the 2022-23 season. He made his debut for Sale in the Premiership Rugby Cup at the start of the 2023-24 season. He made his Rugby Premiership debut for Sale against Newcastle Falcons on 17 November 2023.",
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] | Asher Opoku-Fordjour is an English Prop forward player who plays as a prop forward for Sale Sharks. | 2023-12-16T20:09:13Z | 2023-12-27T11:35:53Z | [
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75,580,457 | Sarah White Livermore | Sarah White Livermore (1789–1874) was a 19th-century American teacher and writer of fugitive poetry and prose. She was a lyricist of several hymns, and a magazine writer as well. Livermore spent most of her life teaching school. With Phebe Abbot, she established a Sunday school in Wilton, New Hampshire in May 1816, connected with the Congregational church. It was one of the first, if not the first, in the U.S. to be devoted especially and wholly to religious instruction.
Sarah White Livermore was born in Wilton, New Hampshire, July 20, 1789. She was the ninth child and fourth daughter of Rev. Jonathan Livermore (1729–1802) and Elizabeth Kidder Livermore (1745–1822).
Her father was the first settled minister in Wilton, on December 14, 1763.
Livermore taught schools frequently in Keene, New Hampshire. About the year 1843, she established a self-supporting boarding school at the Livermore Mansion in Wilton. After a few years, however, she was obliged to relinquish the care of it on account of ill-health.
Her interest in the welfare of children manifested itself in efforts for their religious as well as their secular instruction. She was greatly instrumental in establishing, in her native town, one of the first Sunday schools in the U.S. Seventy children attended the first season. The only book used was the Bible. It was in successful operation as long ago as 1816, when, according to Lewis Glover Pray, in his History of Sunday-Schools, these institutions began to take the form of a voluntary and improved system.
Livermore, having a natural talent and taste for poetic composition, was often called upon to write verses for a variety of occasions. These were never collected and published, though many of them were printed for use in connection with ordination or dedicatory services, or commemorative or festive celebrations. Her Advent hymn, "The Coming of Christ", was considered exceptional. "Hymn of Ordination" was written by Livermore for the ordination of her nephew, Rev. Abiel Abbot Livermore (1811–1892), at Keene, New Hampshire, November 2, 1836; he became the president of the Theological School, Meadville, Pennsylvania) (now, Meadville Lombard Theological School). Two hymns were contributed by her to the Cheshire Pastoral Association's Christian Hymns, 1844: (1) "Glory to God, and peach on earth" (Christmas), and (2) "Our pilgrim brethren, dwelling far" (Missions). She wrote many others, of which two were given in Alfred Porter Putnam's Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith, 1875.
She belonged to the Unitarian denomination, and like Helen Maria Williams and Anna Laetitia Barbauld, she was evangelical.
She died in Wilton on July 3, 1874. at the age of 84, and was buried in that city's South Yard Cemetery. | [
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"text": "Her father was the first settled minister in Wilton, on December 14, 1763.",
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"text": "Livermore taught schools frequently in Keene, New Hampshire. About the year 1843, she established a self-supporting boarding school at the Livermore Mansion in Wilton. After a few years, however, she was obliged to relinquish the care of it on account of ill-health.",
"title": "Biography"
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{
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"text": "Her interest in the welfare of children manifested itself in efforts for their religious as well as their secular instruction. She was greatly instrumental in establishing, in her native town, one of the first Sunday schools in the U.S. Seventy children attended the first season. The only book used was the Bible. It was in successful operation as long ago as 1816, when, according to Lewis Glover Pray, in his History of Sunday-Schools, these institutions began to take the form of a voluntary and improved system.",
"title": "Biography"
},
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"text": "Livermore, having a natural talent and taste for poetic composition, was often called upon to write verses for a variety of occasions. These were never collected and published, though many of them were printed for use in connection with ordination or dedicatory services, or commemorative or festive celebrations. Her Advent hymn, \"The Coming of Christ\", was considered exceptional. \"Hymn of Ordination\" was written by Livermore for the ordination of her nephew, Rev. Abiel Abbot Livermore (1811–1892), at Keene, New Hampshire, November 2, 1836; he became the president of the Theological School, Meadville, Pennsylvania) (now, Meadville Lombard Theological School). Two hymns were contributed by her to the Cheshire Pastoral Association's Christian Hymns, 1844: (1) \"Glory to God, and peach on earth\" (Christmas), and (2) \"Our pilgrim brethren, dwelling far\" (Missions). She wrote many others, of which two were given in Alfred Porter Putnam's Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith, 1875.",
"title": "Biography"
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"text": "She belonged to the Unitarian denomination, and like Helen Maria Williams and Anna Laetitia Barbauld, she was evangelical.",
"title": "Biography"
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"text": "She died in Wilton on July 3, 1874. at the age of 84, and was buried in that city's South Yard Cemetery.",
"title": "Biography"
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] | Sarah White Livermore (1789–1874) was a 19th-century American teacher and writer of fugitive poetry and prose. She was a lyricist of several hymns, and a magazine writer as well. Livermore spent most of her life teaching school. With Phebe Abbot, she established a Sunday school in Wilton, New Hampshire in May 1816, connected with the Congregational church. It was one of the first, if not the first, in the U.S. to be devoted especially and wholly to religious instruction. | 2023-12-16T20:10:20Z | 2023-12-18T17:15:33Z | [
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75,580,462 | Tom Louchet | Tom Alexis Louchet (born 4 May 2003) is a French professional footballer who plays as a defender for Ligue 1 club Nice.
Originally from Manosque in the Provence region of France, Louchet spent his youth career at SC Volxien, EP Manosque, US Vivo 04, Gap Foot 05, and Istres. He joined Nice in July 2019, where he made his debut with the reserve team in the Championnat National 3 several months later.
On 27 October 2023, Louchet made his professional debut with Nice, coming on as an 88th-minute substitute in a 1–0 win away to Clermont in Ligue 1. He scored his first goal in a 3–1 defeat away to Le Havre on 16 December 2023.
Born in France, Louchet is of Algerian descent. He has represented France at youth international level, playing two matches for the under-17s in February 2020. | [
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"text": "On 27 October 2023, Louchet made his professional debut with Nice, coming on as an 88th-minute substitute in a 1–0 win away to Clermont in Ligue 1. He scored his first goal in a 3–1 defeat away to Le Havre on 16 December 2023.",
"title": "Club career"
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"text": "Born in France, Louchet is of Algerian descent. He has represented France at youth international level, playing two matches for the under-17s in February 2020.",
"title": "International career"
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] | Tom Alexis Louchet is a French professional footballer who plays as a defender for Ligue 1 club Nice. | 2023-12-16T20:11:17Z | 2023-12-22T04:07:06Z | [
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75,580,481 | Clandestine detention center (Argentina) | The clandestine detention, torture and extermination centers, also called (in Spanish: centros clandestinos de detención, tortura y exterminio, CCDTyE —or CCDyE or CCD—, by their acronym), were secret facilities used by the Armed, Security and Police Forces of Argentina to torture, interrogate, rape, illegally detain and murder people. The first ones were installed in 1975, during the constitutional government of María Estela Martínez de Perón. Their number and use became generalized after the coup d'état of March 24, 1976, when the National Reorganization Process took power, to execute the systematic plan of enforced disappearance of people within the framework of State terrorism. With the fall of the dictatorship and the assumption of the democratic government of Raúl Alfonsín on December 10, 1983, the CCD's ceased to function, although there is evidence that some of them continued to operate during the first months of 1984.
The Armed Forces classified the CCDs into two types:
The plan of the de facto government, which exercised power in Argentina between March 24, 1976, and December 10, 1983, the clandestine centers were part of the plan to eliminate political dissidence. Similar operations were carried out in other countries in the region, with the express support of the U.S. government, interested in promoting at all costs the control of communism and other ideological currents opposed to its side in the Cold War. According to data from 2006, there were 488 places used for the kidnapping of victims of State terrorism, plus another 65 in the process of revision that could enlarge the list. In 1976 there were as many as 610 CCDTyE, although many of them were temporary and circumstantial.
The first CCD were installed in 1975, before the military coup of March 24, 1976. In that year La Escuelita in Famaillá (Tucumán) and El Campito (in Campo de Mayo, province of Buenos Aires) were already in operation. Also in 1975 a CCD operated in the Acindar plant in Villa Constitución, presided over by José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz, as part of the repressive structure organized to contain the strike declared by the UOM union in May of that year.
In 1976 there were 610 CCDs, but many of them were temporary and circumstantial. After the first months following the coup d'état, the number stabilized at 364 CCDs. In 1977 the number was reduced to 60. In 1978 there were 45 CC, and by 1979 the number of centers reached 7. In 1980 there were only two left: ESMA and El Campito (Campo de Mayo). In 1982 and 1983 ESMA was the only concentration camp still in use.
In Buenos Aires there were 60 centers, 59 in the province of Córdoba and 22 in Santa Fe. Five large centers were the axis of the whole system: ESMA and Club Atlético in the City of Buenos Aires; El Campito (Campo de Mayo) and El Vesubio in Greater Buenos Aires (Province of Buenos Aires); and Perla in Córdoba.
Despite their differences, the CCDs were organized with a similar structure and operating regime. All the CCDs had one or more torture rooms, large spaces to keep the disappeared in very precarious conditions, and a housing center for the torturers and guards. Almost all of them had some kind of medical service. In some cases there were permanent religious services for military personnel.
The Task Groups (in Spanish: Grupos de Tareas, GT, also known as "patotas") were in charge of carrying out the kidnappings, generally at night. The disappeared detainees were immediately taken to the corresponding CCD, where they were constantly hooded and handcuffed. They were immediately severely tortured and interrogated by the GT members themselves. The length of this initial period of torture varied considerably, but in general terms it could be considered to be between one and two months. After this initial period of torture-interrogation, they would be held for one to two months:
During their permanence in the CCD, the detainees-disappeared were systematically dehumanized through various means: substitution of a number for their name, rape, animalization, humiliation, overcrowding, intolerable housing conditions, isolation, forced nudity, racism, antisemitism, homophobia, etc.
There was also a common policy and procedure for disappeared detainees who were pregnant. In this case, the murder was postponed and a clandestine childbirth took place with the suppression of the identity of the baby, who was handed over to people closely linked to the repressive system, and in some cases participants in the murder of the biological father and/or mother.
On December 1, 1977, the newspaper Clarín published an article entitled "La ardua recuperación" (The hard recovery) in which it extensively describes the visit of a group of journalists, invited by the Army, to a detention center that it does not identify, where they interviewed several detainees, whom it does not identify either and that it describes as "extremists who surrendered voluntarily". The article is accompanied by a photograph in which a young woman can be seen with her back turned sitting at a table, with a caption that reads:
One of the detainees, in one of the reading rooms of the establishment, where they serve their sentence.
Clarín never explained the details of the article, nor did it make itself available to the courts to verify whether the persons interviewed were disappeared, as well as which was the detention center visited by its journalists and whether the military officers involved may have been committing crimes against humanity. Researcher Marcelo Borrelli of the University of Buenos Aires analyzed the publication and maintains that "it seemed to have been written by the military intelligence services". He details the discursive mechanisms of the newspaper to praise the system of reclusion of the "extremists" who surrendered voluntarily and the distinction between "the two youths", on the one hand the "lost" youth who had political concerns and affective traumas of family origin, and on the other hand the apolitical youth, entirely dedicated to excel in their profession.
The most famous clandestine detention center of the Process was at the Escuela Superior de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA). Located in the officers' casino of that institution of the Argentine Navy, in the northern area of the City of Buenos Aires (Núñez), on Avenida del Libertador at 8200 (34°32′18″S 58°27′49″W / 34.53833°S 58.46361°W / -34.53833; -58.46361), it operated from March 1976 to November 1983.
It ultimately depended on Admiral Eduardo Massera, and was directly in charge of Task Group 3.3.2, led by Rear Admiral Rubén Chamorro and Captain "Tigre" Acosta. Other famous repressors who were part of it were Alfredo Astiz, Ricardo Miguel Cavallo, Antonio Pernías, Adolfo Scilingo, Juan Antonio Azic, Adolfo Donda, Manuel García Tallada, Jorge Luis Magnacco, Oscar Montes, Jorge Rádice, Juan Carlos Rolón, Jorge Enrique Perrén (son) and Ernesto Frimón Weber.
ESMA became the political power base of the Navy and in particular of Massera; it was closed in November 1983, after the elections in which Raúl Alfonsín won and a few days before the constitutional authorities took office.
On March 24, 2004, President Néstor Kirchner and the Head of Government of the City of Buenos Aires, Aníbal Ibarra, signed an Agreement between the National State and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires for the construction of the Espacio Memoria y Derechos Humanos (Memory and Human Rights Space) on the site, which was registered under No. 8/04. The decision was announced in a massive act, in which the doors of the Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada were opened.
El Olimpo was a clandestine detention center located in the west of the city of Buenos Aires, in the Vélez Sársfield neighborhood. The center had a sign at the entrance that read "Welcome to the Olympus of the Gods. The Centurions". The center only operated for six months, from August 1978 to January 1979, but 700 detainees were housed there, of which 50 survived.
This clandestine center depended on Guillermo Suarez Mason (nicknamed the butcher of Olympus), commander of the I Army Corps of the Argentine Army. The person in charge of the camp was Army Major Guillermo Minicucci, and he was also in charge of officers of the Argentine Federal Police such as Julio Simón (nicknamed "el Turco Julián") and Juan Antonio del Cerro (nicknamed "Colores").
The building was a shed used as a colectivo terminal until the beginning of the National Reorganization Process when it was expropriated by the Armed Forces. At the beginning of 1978 the cells were constructed to house the detainees, which were built by detainees who were transferred from other centers. There they also stored the thefts made during the kidnappings and had two torture rooms, with reinforced electrical wiring.
With the arrival of democracy, the building passed into the hands of the Argentine Federal Police and was converted into an automobile verification center. The property was declared a historic site by Law 1197 of the Legislature of the City of Buenos Aires.
It is currently used as a space for remembrance, and thus, many excursions to this site are made by schools to remember those victims who suffered during their stay in this Clandestine Center. Currently this site is mostly modified and many of the cells are no longer there, but its foundations are there to identify how the structure used to be.
Club Atletico was a clandestine detention center located in the south of Buenos Aires, near the neighborhood of La Boca at 1200 Paseo Colon Avenue. It was named as such because it was located in the vicinity of the Club Atlético Boca Juniors.
It was a public building that was demolished to build the 25 de Mayo highway. Its ruins were later found and the Government of Buenos Aires has begun to carry out the necessary excavations to recover it as a place of memory.
Automotores Orletti was the name given to a clandestine detention and torture center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Located in the Floresta neighborhood of Buenos Aires, it operated during the military dictatorship of 1976-1983. There, the Argentine Army coordinated the repression with the Uruguayan Army. The Superintendence of the Federal Police directed the interrogations.
In December 1975, General René Otto Paladino, one of the founders of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Triple A) was put in charge of the Secretariat of Intelligence (SIDE), it was decided to create a base so that Aníbal Gordon's gang could operate without attracting attention.
Some 300 people were kidnapped and tortured there, many of whom are still missing today, and others, such as the actor Luis Brandoni and his wife Martha Bianchi, who only suffered a few hours of the horror of the place.
Orletti became the center of regional operations within the framework of the so-called "Operation Condor" and there Gordon's gang coordinated tasks with repressors from Chile, Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia and Uruguay. The victims were tortured, extorted, robbed and murdered, only to disappear.
Today it has become a museum dedicated to the memory of the tortured and disappeared.
Virrey Cevallos was a clandestine detention and torture center operated by the Air Force Intelligence Service and composed of three united housing units in the neighborhood of Montserrat. It was used as a base to plan kidnappings, torture and house disappeared detainees, generally for short periods of time. It is estimated that, since 1977, approximately 100 disappeared detainees were held there.
or Superintendencia de Seguridad Federal (former Coordinación Federal) was one of the most active CCD's in Buenos Aires, since 1974 and especially after the military coup. The methods of the Federal Coordination were coined by Commissioner Alberto Villar, creator within the police of the Infantry Guard Corps. Its most recognized chief was Army Colonel Alejandro Arias Duval. Since the end of 1975, Task Group 2, which depended on General Suarez Mason, settled on the third and fourth floors of the building. The core group of repressors who acted in this CCD combined members of the extreme right-wing Peronism with high-ranking officials of the dictatorship. In 1975, before becoming Minister of the Interior of the dictatorship, General Harguindeguy was head of the Federal Police and as such, responsible for the formation of GT-2. In the last years of the dictatorship, in order to hide its activities, it was called the Superintendence of Federal Security, and in democracy it became Metropolitan Security. The detainees did not appear on any legal list of persons deprived of their freedom and many were summarily executed without trial. One of the best known cases was in July 1976 when dozens of people were murdered in retaliation for an attack committed by the guerrillas against the Federal Coordination building. Part of the bodies went to the morgue and some 30 bodies appeared in what was later known as the Fatima massacre.
In 2017 twelve policemen were arrested and charged for crimes against humanity committed in this CCD.
In 650 Azopardo Street in Buenos Aires operated the CCD "Garage Azopardo", which was part of the repressive circuit Azopardo-Atlético-Banco-Vesubio-Olimpo, under the orbit of the First Army Corps. The Automotive Maintenance Service of the Federal Security Superintendence operated there.
In 2012 a signage plaque with the historical reference was unveiled. Very close to the "Garage Azopardo" another important CCD operated during the years of the dictatorship, sadistically baptized by the repressors themselves as "Club Atlético".
El Banco was the denomination given to a CCD that operated between late 1977 and mid-1978 and was located very close to the intersection of the Ricchieri Highway and the Camino de Cintura, a few meters from Bridge 12. The center was located in facilities of the Bonaerense Police and was opened when the construction works of the 25 de Mayo highway made necessary the demolition of the Club Atlético, which was located at the intersection of this highway and Paseo Colon Avenue in the city of Buenos Aires. Part of the prisoners of the Athletic Club were taken to El Banco.
Repressors belonging to the intelligence services of the Federal Police, Task Group 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the FTE operated there. It had about 50 dungeons, which the repressors called "tubes" and three torture rooms. There was also a "leonera" or collective cell.
Currently the XI Women's Brigade of the Police of the province of Buenos Aires operates there.
El Campito was the main concentration camp used by the army. It was also known as "Los Tordos". It operated in Campo de Mayo (San Miguel, Province of Buenos Aires), the most important military garrison of Argentina between 1975 and 1982. Some 5,000 detainees passed through it. Only 43 survived.
Campo de Mayo is a large military area of 5000 ha, 30 km from the center of the city of Buenos Aires. It is located near the cities of San Miguel, Villa de Mayo and Don Torcuato, in the area where Provincial Route 8 and Provincial Route 23 cross (34°32′09″S 58°39′44″W / 34.53583°S 58.66222°W / -34.53583; -58.66222), which border it. In the Military Hospital of Campo de Mayo there was a system of clandestine deliveries.
From March 1976 to 1980, four CCD operated in Campo de Mayo: the Campito, "La Casita" or "Las Casitas", the Prisión Militar de Encausados, and the Hospital Militar.
The center was under the control of the Command of Military Institutes, which at the time of its operation was in charge of Generals Santiago Omar Riveros, José Montes, Cristino Nicolaides and Reynaldo Benito Bignone. The Campito was directly directed by lieutenant colonel Jorge Vosso, while major doctor Julio César Caserotto was head of the Maternity Service of the Military Hospital.
The Campo de Mayo Hospital Militar has been detected as one of the centers where clandestine childbirths of prisoners were carried out, in order to proceed later to the kidnapping of the children, the suppression of their identity and their delivery, usually to military couples who could not have children. In many cases the "adoptive parents" have been participants in the murders of the biological fathers and mothers of the children.
One of the repressors of the "Campito", former sergeant Víctor Ibáñez, confessed and described its characteristics at length. His testimony is included in the book Campo Santo, by Fernando Almirón (1999). In one part of the book Ibáñez declares:
When I entered the place, the first thing that struck me was the image of all those people like that, locked up in there. The mattresses, lying on the red tiled floor, with the headboards leaning against the walls. Side by side, in a row that went all the way around the length of the shed. All the windows were covered with green blankets that kept out the sunlight. The lamps were always on, you never knew when it was day and when it was night (1). On top of each one of those old wool mattresses, with striped cotin, sat the detainees. Hooded, with their hands tied in front with a rope and in absolute silence. (Almirón 1999)
Since the establishment of democracy in 1983, projects have been presented to establish an industrial center there, create centers for tertiary and university studies, maintain it as an ecological reserve, etc.
El Vesubio was a clandestine detention center used by the Army that was located in Gran Buenos Aires, in the Partido de La Matanza, near the intersection of the Camino de Cintura with the Riccheri Highway that leads to Ministro Pistarini International Airport (Ezeiza International Airport), on land belonging to the Federal Penitentiary Service. "Empresa El Vesubio" was the code name used by the repressive forces to refer to it. It began to operate in 1975 and was used by the Triple A, before the coup d'état, under the name of "La Ponderosa" and ceased to operate in 1978. Among the disappeared and survivors, at least 400 people were detained there. Many of them were transferred from the "Sheraton", another clandestine center located in the neighborhood of Villa Insuperable, where the local police station functioned and still functions.
It was in Military Zone No. 1, under the jurisdiction of the I Army Corps under the command of Major General Guillermo Suárez Mason, who periodically visited the camp, and directly in charge of the Intelligence Gathering Center (CRI) of the Infantry Regiment 3 of La Tablada, under the command of Colonel Federico Minicucci. Colonels Juan Bautista Sasiaiñ and Franco Luque also operated there. The chief of El Vesubio was Major Pedro Alberto Durán Sáenz.
El Vesubio ceased to operate and its buildings were demolished in 1978 due to the visit of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
In 2014, the work "30 000 MUNDOS" was inaugurated on the land occupied by the center as a tribute to the disappeared detainees.
The Seré Mansion, also known as Quinta de Seré or Atila, was a clandestine detention center (CCD) operating in an old two floor house located on Blas Pareras street, on the border between the towns of Castelar and Ituzaingó, in the Morón partido, Buenos Aires province.
Between 1977 and 1978, the place served as a clandestine detention center under the jurisdiction of the Air Force with the assistance of the Castelar Bonaerense Police.
The film 'Chronicle of an Escape' (2006) directed by Adrián Caetano recreates the true story of the escape from this center by Claudio Tamburrini, Daniel Rusomano, Guillermo Fernández, and Carlos García.
Since the year 2000, the House of Memory and Life and the Human Rights Department of the Municipality of Morón have operated in this place.
The 'Pozo de Banfield,' originally created as a branch of the Banfield Investigations Brigade, became a clandestine detention center operating between November 1974 and October 1978. It had the particularity of starting its operations during Isabel Perón's constitutional government, prior to the 1976 coup d'état.
In 2006, following requests from social organizations, the space was handed over to the provincial Human Rights department to build a Museum of Memory.
The 'Pozo de Quilmes' or 'Chupadero Malvinas' was another clandestine detention center operating between August 1975 and January 1979. 251 people were held captive there, some kidnapped under the Operation Condor.
'El Infierno' was named by the head of the Buenos Aires Provincial Police, Ramón Camps, and operated in the Lanús Investigations Brigade, under Miguel Etchecolatz. This center functioned from 1976 to 1978, and it is estimated that around 330 people passed through it, including labor activists. Most of them disappeared, and others were identified in section 134 of the municipal cemetery.
The headquarters of the Regional Unit II of the Lanús Investigations Brigade (URIIBIL) operated there, and the local authorities were Commissioners Bruno Trevisán and Rómulo Ferranti, sentenced to three and four years in prison for the crimes of 'abuse and severity' against the Iaccarino businessmen. Around 200 police officers worked here between 1976 and 1979, but being an investigations brigade, many of them wore plainclothes. There were also military personnel, and together, they formed the task groups.
On the 40th anniversary of the last civic-military coup in Argentina, 'El Infierno' was expropriated and transformed into a 'Municipal Space of Memory'. A year earlier, it had been marked at an event with political and local human rights organizations. Currently, the Human Rights Secretariat of the Municipality of Avellaneda operates there.
The following people were 'seen' in this CCD: Enrique Barry, Horacio Reimer, Héctor Pérez, José Rizzo, Horacio Lafleur, Luis Jaramillo, Carlos Alberto Fernández, Pablo Musso, Víctor Venura, Diana Wlichky, Mario Salerno, and Ricardo Chidichimo. Among the disappeared are: Carlos Daniel Saramaga, Esteban Santos, José Agustín Quinteros, Inés Pedemonte, Carlos Ochoa, Jorge Mendoza Calderón, Carlos Hodlt, Graciela Jurado, Gustavo Fernández Galán, Bonifacio Díaz, Victoria Borrelli, Alejo Avelino, Marta Alonso, Raúl Vassena, and Daniel Scimia. Additionally, three 'NN' (no names) are registered. Survivors include: Oscar Solís, Eduardo Castellanos, Gladys Rodríguez, Nilda Eloy, Corina Joly, Horacio Matoso, Haydee Lampugnani, Adolfo Paz, and Gustavo Fernández.
In March 2014, the 'Municipal Archive of Collective and Popular Memory' of Avellaneda was presented. The first booklets of the 'Memory Book' are dedicated to all the criminal activities of this CCD.
In the province, there were two hundred and thirty clandestine detention centers.
A CCD operated within the premises of the Ford plant in General Pacheco, where company personnel were involved in torture and interrogations during the last dictatorship, a case emblematic of corporate responsibility in State terrorism crimes.
Penitentiary No. 9 was one of the penal institutions that housed the most political prisoners during Argentina's last civic-military dictatorship and also functioned as a Clandestine Detention Center (CCD), where 30 people were murdered-disappeared".
The Naval Infantry Battalion No. 3 housed a clandestine detention and torture center during the dictatorship, coordinated by Task Force 5 of the Argentine Republic Navy, which gathered repressive resources in the area of La Plata, Berisso, and Ensenada. The actions of TF 5 were verified to involve 'the identification, through intelligence tasks, of those workers who had some kind of involvement in union or guild activities', subsequently leading to their abduction.
In 2015, Commander Jorge Alberto Errecaborde of Task Group 5, José Casimiro Fernández Carró of BIM 3, and Operations and Intelligence Chief Roberto Eduardo Fernando Guitian of BIM 3 were sentenced to life imprisonment.
The clandestine detention center (CCD) at Campana's Federal Shooting Range was occupied by the Armed Forces a day after the military coup of 1976 and began to be used as a place for the abduction and torture of individuals persecuted for their political and social activism, within the framework of the systematic plan of terror and extermination imposed by Argentina's last civic-military dictatorship.
In a house at Monte Peloni, on Route 226, which connects Olavarría with Mar del Plata or Tandil, a CCD operated where the Army tortured and held numerous young people from the area between 1976 and 1978.
This refers to an estate located in the area of Los Laureles, on the outskirts of the city of Tandil in the Buenos Aires province, at the current streets Juan Manuel de Rosas and Scavini. The property belonged to brothers Julio and Emilio Méndez. The place was temporarily transferred to the Command of Subzone 12, under the command of General Alfredo Oscar Saint Jean, overseeing Area 121, led by Lieutenant Colonel Julio Tommasi.
It was part of a repressive circuit in combination with other clandestine detention centers in the region belonging to the so-called Subzone XII. It was located at the intersection of Route 226 and the road to the Tandil Military Air Base.
Known as Sans Souci Palace or Santamarina, it currently houses Technical Training Institute No. 75. In 1976, it was transferred by the provincial Ministry of Education to the Buenos Aires Provincial Police, becoming the Directorate of Interior Zone Security. It was recognized as the place where around eight people were held captive and subjected to torture.
It operated on an island in Tigre originally intended as a rest area for members of the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires. In 1979, a CCD was established with the aim of hiding prisoners during the inspection visit carried out by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights".
"La Perla," also known as "la Universidad," was the primary clandestine detention center (CCD) used outside the Buenos Aires area. Around 3000 detainees passed through there.
It was located 12 km from the City of Córdoba, on National Route No. 20 that leads from the capital city to Carlos Paz. The facilities are visible from the route, on the right-hand side, heading towards Carlos Paz, in front of the Corcemar factory (31°25′52″S 64°17′50″W / 31.43111°S 64.29722°W / -31.43111; -64.29722).
"La Perla" was established in 1975, before the military coup of March 24, 1976, and was dismantled in 1979.
It was within Military Zone 3, under the command of the III Army Corps under General Luciano Benjamín Ménéndez, who frequently inspected the CCD; General Sasiaiñ was his second in command, and Colonel César Emilio Anadón was in direct command of La Perla.
In the book "Survivors of La Perla," the authors declare:
In La Perla, prisoners were shot in the fields surrounding the center. They were transported there in a truck nicknamed 'Menéndez Benz'. Geuna said: 'Before getting off the vehicle, they were tied up. Then they were made to kneel in front of the pit and were shot. Officers from all units of the Third Corps participated in the shootings, from sub-lieutenants to generals'. (Contepomi 1984)
After 2000, a decision was made in Córdoba to create a Museum of Memory in the building that housed the Department of Intelligence D-2 of the local police, on Santa Catalina passage, on one side of the historic Cabildo of the city of Córdoba. The D-2 was not a permanent CCD but the arrival place for detainees in transit to La Perla, Campo de La Ribera, or the Penitentiary of San Martín UP1.
The Military Prison for Defendants "Campo de la Ribera" became a CCD starting in 1975. The investigation confirmed this operation. 'We were sent to La Ribera for periods of approximately twenty days, always accompanied by Gendarmerie officers'... 'I was there six times and saw about thirty detainees, men and women, housed in a block. Every day, members of the Intelligence of Battalion 141 came. When they did it at night, they usually brought 'packages,' as detainees were commonly referred to. When they took them for interrogation, sometimes we were ordered to 'soften them up,' which meant subjecting them to harsh punishment in an area near the river' (Testimony of Gendarme Carlos Beltrán, File No. 4213). 'There was a room for interrogations. There, I saw how detainees were tortured, submerged in a drum with water. Among the interrogators, I remember 'H.B.,' 'Gino,' 'Vargas,' and 'Fogo' (Gendarme José María Domínguez - File No. 4213). Precisely from the testimonial declaration of Lt. Col. Juan Carlos Lona, made in Federal Court No. 2 of Córdoba on June 27, 1984, as well as other evidence corroborating it, the withdrawal in December 1975 of the regular personnel who worked in that military prison meant its transformation into a clandestine jail: 'I worked between 1971 and 1977 as Head of the Military Prison for Defendants of Córdoba. In December 1975, following orders from the III Army Corps Command, all personnel were transferred to the La Calera Garrison. The direct responsibility for civilians who might be housed there was transferred to the mentioned Command'. The complaint made by this commission to the Judiciary regarding the case of Amelia Gélida Inzaurralde - who was removed from Buen Pastor prison and taken to La Ribera, where she died due to torture - led to the prosecution of General Juan Bautista Sasiaiñ. The Judge in charge, Dr. Gustavo Becerra Ferrer, explicitly supports the above when he says textually in the considerations of his resolution: 'Consequently, given the position held by the declarant (which allows us to consider his statements as a well-founded and authoritative version), it is clear that the immediate responsible for the Military Prison was the accused Sasiaiñ, and in the higher hierarchical order, the Corps Commander, General Luciano Benjamín Menéndez'. (...) 'What has been determined above clearly shows that the detention place 'Campo de la Ribera' was not a 'Military Prison' but rather a Civil Detention facility that nevertheless retained the latter designation, which is indisputable as such but debatable regarding its purpose in that sense; according to the organizational chart drawn up by Sasiaiñ at page 93, the maximum functional responsibility corresponded to the head of area 311’.
The D-2, Department of Information of the Police of Córdoba, was created as a special division to pursue and repress opponents. It first operated where the tenth police station is now located and between 1978 and 1983, in the house located at Mariano Moreno and Caseros. In 2009, the basement was found after some excavations, which was one of the places of confinement for political prisoners.
A CCD operated in Campo Hípico de Goya where men and women persecuted for their political, social, and union activism were kidnapped and tortured, and where several people were killed. It belongs to the Army's 121st Telecommunications Company. In certain cases, the abducted were transferred to other CCDs in the area or to the prisons of the cities of Corrientes and Resistencia. Among the abducted were farmers delegates of the Agrarian Leagues, teachers, and social activists linked to the local diocese of Bishop Alberto Devoto.
The Information Department (D-2) of the Mendoza Police Headquarters was the most important CCD in the province due to its central role in the repressive structure and the place where most of Mendoza's disappeared detainees were located. The former D2 began to be recognized as a memorial site in the 1984 CONADEP report.
It operated in the Communications Company located in the IV Air Brigade of Mendoza.
National and provincial records account for the existence of 36 former clandestine detention centers in Misiones. As of 2017, only three had been identified – La Casita del Mártires, Delegación Posadas de la Policía Federal and Jefatura de Policía de la Provincia de Misiones, Departamento de Informaciones-. Additionally, in that same year, the former Posadas Jail was identified – demolished and is now the location of the Polimodal Educational Center No. 4 Ayacucho between Catamarca and Entre Ríos. La Casita del Rowing – located at the height of Acceso Sur and Bouchardo, disappeared after coastal treatment, and the Subprefecture in Santa Ana.
"La Casita de Mártires" in Posadas operated as a CCD and torture center where people were murdered between 1976 and 1983. A house had been established on that site since 1956, intended as a police detachment belonging to the Misiones Provincial Police.
A CCD operated on this site, where an unspecified number of citizens were kidnapped, tortured, and disappeared victims of the repressive actions of the dictatorship. In that province, there were a dozen CCDs, six of them dependent on the provincial police, which before and after the dictatorship was commanded by the convicted repressor for crimes against humanity, Musa Azar Curi. Also, Battalion 141, actively involved in Operativo Independencia and in all provincial repressive activities where about 150 young people were detained or disappeared. The first military intervener in the province was Daniel Virgilio Correa Aldana, who in 1976 was the head of this Battalion, with the rank of colonel.
The Information Service (SI) of the Santa Fe Police, in the city of Rosario, Santa Fe province, is the name by which the main clandestine detention center (CCD) and extermination of the region is known. Approximately 2000 were detained there between 1976 and 1979, during Argentina's last civic-military dictatorship. It currently functions as the Popular Center of Remembrance, run by relatives of the disappeared.
The grounds of the Arsenal Battalion 603 (formerly Battalion 121), belonging to the Army, were used as a CCD where men and women persecuted for their political, social, and union activism in the so-called Cordón Industrial were kidnapped, tortured, and remained detained. The former Battalion 121 was part of a repressive circuit alongside clandestine detention centers in Greater Rosario such as La Calamita, La Intermedia, and Quinta de Funes, among other sites under the command of the II Army Corps, responsible for illegal repression in Santa Fe and Northeast Argentina. In 2015, it was designated as a Site of Memory.
Located in Funes, it is one of the five centers that were part of the repressive circuit under the command of Intelligence Detachment 121 of Rosario, commanded during the dictatorship by Colonel Pascual Oscar Guerrieri. Between 1977 and 1978, men and women persecuted for their political and social activism were detained and tortured there. It was expropriated in 2017 to become a site of memory.
The most important Clandestine Detention and Torture Centers that operated in the Province of San Luis were:
Outside the city, the Army's Campo known as Granja La Amalia and Rodeo del Alto also functioned as Clandestine Centers. These sites, located on Route 20 towards Juana Koslay, depended of the Army Subofficers Circle. The murdered and some tortured individuals, tied with stones, were thrown from army planes into the dams: Cruz de Piedra, Potrero de los Funes, and La Florida.
The Escuelita de Famaillá became the first concentration camp in the country. It operated at the Diego de Rojas School on the outskirts of the city of Famaillá.
In February 1975, with the launch of "Operativo Independencia," a clandestine detention center was established in Famaillá, initially under the charge of General Acdel Vilas, later succeeded by General Antonio Domingo Bussi. From that moment until the military coup of 1976, it operated in a school that was under construction in the city of Famaillá.
The Arsenal Miguel de Azcuénaga functioned as a clandestine center for kidnappings and torture during the last civic-military coup. It is estimated that more than 400 detained-disappeared individuals were detained in that place. Since 2005, professionals have been working there in collaboration with human rights organizations. The LIGIAAT (Laboratory of Research of the Interdisciplinary Group of Archaeology and Anthropology of Tucumán) and the EAAF (Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team) operated there, focusing on excavations within the detention center and clandestine burial sites. In late 2016, they reported the halt in payments for the research team, and the Archaeology and Anthropology Research Laboratory was notified of the temporary suspension of forensic tasks. Twelve bodies were found in the pits, of which eleven were identified. In 2017, at the initiative of José Cano (Agreement for the Bicentennial - Cambiemos), the Nation ceded land from the former Clandestine Center, Arsenal, for the construction of a campus of the National Technological University (UTN). The Provincial Human Rights Secretariat delivered a presentation to Federal Judge Daniel Bejas, requesting his intervention to understand the extent of the land donation from the Arsenal Miguel de Azcuénaga, as there is still a protective measure in place to safeguard evidence since there are still open graves containing the remains of disappeared detainees.
Between 1975 and 1983, the southern part of the country fell under the authority of Zone 5, along with its corresponding subzones and areas, each of one had complete repressive autonomy, including the management of clandestine detention centers.
Zone 5 covered the current province of Tierra del Fuego, the provinces of Santa Cruz, Chubut, Río Negro, and Neuquén, and the southwest of the Province of Buenos Aires (Districts of Adolfo Alsina, Guaminí, Coronel Suárez, Saavedra, Puán, Tornquist, Coronel Pringles, González Chávez, Coronel Dorrego, Tres Arroyos, Villarino, Bahía Blanca, Patagones). Its command base was in Bahía Blanca.
In Zone 5, CCDs were established in Bahía Blanca, Neuquén, and Rawson. In the Bahía Blanca area, several CCDs were set up, of which the main ones were "La Escuelita de Bahía Blanca" in the Command of the V Army Corps and "Baterías" in the Port Belgrano Naval Base. In Neuquén, "La Escuelita de Neuquén" was established in the former Battalion 181 (now Battalion 161) of the Army. In Rawson, a CCD was set up in the Rawson Penitentiary.
"La Escuelita" was a clandestine detention center located in the northeast of the city of Bahía Blanca, in the Villa Floresta neighborhood, on the road to Carrindanga (Camino de Cintura), behind the V Army Corps. It was a precarious and dilapidated building with two rooms that had served to house military horses, which was demolished before the fall of the dictatorship. It was the main extermination center in the southern Buenos Aires area, where hundreds of activists who ended up disappeared or executed in fake confrontations passed through.
In 2001, while the first trial of repressors in Bahía Blanca began, archaeologists from the National University of the South, called upon by the Justice system at the initiative of Memoria Abierta, made excavations in order to find the foundations of the clandestine center. The investigation allowed for the discovery of a 1944 plan, confirming that La Escuelita functioned 200 meters away from the ruins inspected by Conadep, and included the discovery of more than 13 thousand pieces that were underground, including syringes, containers of sedatives, and medical materials that the military would have used with the detainees.
A survivor, Alicia Mabel Partnoy, wrote a book about her experiences in the center titled precisely "La Escuelita", published in the United States in English in 1986 and in Spanish in 2006.
The center was under the command of the head of the 51st military subzone: Acdel Vilas (1976), Abel Teodoro Catuzzi (1977-1979), and Raúl José Ortiz (1979-1983). In 2006, the justice system arrested "El Laucha" Corres, an interrogator at the center, while in February 2010, nine retired Army subofficers accused of being torturers there were also detained.
It was located in the Headquarters of the 181st Construction Engineers Battalion, at the exit of Neuquén City, on Route No. 22. Four kilometers before the airport, a dirt road of approximately 300 meters opens up on the left.
It consisted of two buildings separated by approximately 10 meters. An old house served as accommodation for the detainees, with bunk beds in each room. The walls were whitewashed, the floor was concrete, and the roof was made of metal sheets. There was a gap between the wall and the metal roof for air circulation. There was a hole in the roof for a surveillance turret. The detainees who passed through there were transferred to prison, brought back to be tortured, or taken to other penitentiaries. There were even disappeared detainees who passed through this unit. In 2015, it was designated as a "Site of Memory of State Terrorism" by the National Directorate of Memory Sites.
It had a bathroom with a small sink, a latrine, and a shower, and the access door was brown with a peephole. The other building, currently demolished, was a shed made of metal sheets, with a semi-arched roof, a sliding door in anti-rust red, and a brick floor. There was pedestrian communication with the Battalion. The main access was through a gate controlled by Guard Post 5.
In Bariloche, the Mountain Military School functioned as a clandestine center on Avenida Bustillo between March 1976 and March 1977. Additionally, in the province of Río Negro, other centers operated in Viedma and Cipolletti, including the Second Police Station in the Civic Center and Gendarmerie Squadron 34.
The dictatorship period in Argentina from 1976 to 1982, self-proclaimed as the National Reorganization Process, involved all the provinces of the country. Likewise, the illegal deprivation of freedom and the consequent disappearances that occurred in Argentina and in the province could not have been carried out without clandestine detention centers, i.e., without an infrastructure that allowed the victims to be kept in secrecy.
In Entre Ríos, up to the present day, 303 entrerrianos have been accounted for as disappeared by the armed forces in various locations in the province and in the rest of the country. Regarding the disappeared entrerrianos in the province, 10 cases are being processed in the Federal Court of Paraná, 6 cases in the Federal Court of Concepción del Uruguay, and a complaint made to the Federal Prosecutor's Office of Concepción del Uruguay that is awaiting the opening of the case. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The clandestine detention, torture and extermination centers, also called (in Spanish: centros clandestinos de detención, tortura y exterminio, CCDTyE —or CCDyE or CCD—, by their acronym), were secret facilities used by the Armed, Security and Police Forces of Argentina to torture, interrogate, rape, illegally detain and murder people. The first ones were installed in 1975, during the constitutional government of María Estela Martínez de Perón. Their number and use became generalized after the coup d'état of March 24, 1976, when the National Reorganization Process took power, to execute the systematic plan of enforced disappearance of people within the framework of State terrorism. With the fall of the dictatorship and the assumption of the democratic government of Raúl Alfonsín on December 10, 1983, the CCD's ceased to function, although there is evidence that some of them continued to operate during the first months of 1984.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Armed Forces classified the CCDs into two types:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The plan of the de facto government, which exercised power in Argentina between March 24, 1976, and December 10, 1983, the clandestine centers were part of the plan to eliminate political dissidence. Similar operations were carried out in other countries in the region, with the express support of the U.S. government, interested in promoting at all costs the control of communism and other ideological currents opposed to its side in the Cold War. According to data from 2006, there were 488 places used for the kidnapping of victims of State terrorism, plus another 65 in the process of revision that could enlarge the list. In 1976 there were as many as 610 CCDTyE, although many of them were temporary and circumstantial.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The first CCD were installed in 1975, before the military coup of March 24, 1976. In that year La Escuelita in Famaillá (Tucumán) and El Campito (in Campo de Mayo, province of Buenos Aires) were already in operation. Also in 1975 a CCD operated in the Acindar plant in Villa Constitución, presided over by José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz, as part of the repressive structure organized to contain the strike declared by the UOM union in May of that year.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1976 there were 610 CCDs, but many of them were temporary and circumstantial. After the first months following the coup d'état, the number stabilized at 364 CCDs. In 1977 the number was reduced to 60. In 1978 there were 45 CC, and by 1979 the number of centers reached 7. In 1980 there were only two left: ESMA and El Campito (Campo de Mayo). In 1982 and 1983 ESMA was the only concentration camp still in use.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In Buenos Aires there were 60 centers, 59 in the province of Córdoba and 22 in Santa Fe. Five large centers were the axis of the whole system: ESMA and Club Atlético in the City of Buenos Aires; El Campito (Campo de Mayo) and El Vesubio in Greater Buenos Aires (Province of Buenos Aires); and Perla in Córdoba.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Despite their differences, the CCDs were organized with a similar structure and operating regime. All the CCDs had one or more torture rooms, large spaces to keep the disappeared in very precarious conditions, and a housing center for the torturers and guards. Almost all of them had some kind of medical service. In some cases there were permanent religious services for military personnel.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The Task Groups (in Spanish: Grupos de Tareas, GT, also known as \"patotas\") were in charge of carrying out the kidnappings, generally at night. The disappeared detainees were immediately taken to the corresponding CCD, where they were constantly hooded and handcuffed. They were immediately severely tortured and interrogated by the GT members themselves. The length of this initial period of torture varied considerably, but in general terms it could be considered to be between one and two months. After this initial period of torture-interrogation, they would be held for one to two months:",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "During their permanence in the CCD, the detainees-disappeared were systematically dehumanized through various means: substitution of a number for their name, rape, animalization, humiliation, overcrowding, intolerable housing conditions, isolation, forced nudity, racism, antisemitism, homophobia, etc.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "There was also a common policy and procedure for disappeared detainees who were pregnant. In this case, the murder was postponed and a clandestine childbirth took place with the suppression of the identity of the baby, who was handed over to people closely linked to the repressive system, and in some cases participants in the murder of the biological father and/or mother.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "On December 1, 1977, the newspaper Clarín published an article entitled \"La ardua recuperación\" (The hard recovery) in which it extensively describes the visit of a group of journalists, invited by the Army, to a detention center that it does not identify, where they interviewed several detainees, whom it does not identify either and that it describes as \"extremists who surrendered voluntarily\". The article is accompanied by a photograph in which a young woman can be seen with her back turned sitting at a table, with a caption that reads:",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "One of the detainees, in one of the reading rooms of the establishment, where they serve their sentence.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Clarín never explained the details of the article, nor did it make itself available to the courts to verify whether the persons interviewed were disappeared, as well as which was the detention center visited by its journalists and whether the military officers involved may have been committing crimes against humanity. Researcher Marcelo Borrelli of the University of Buenos Aires analyzed the publication and maintains that \"it seemed to have been written by the military intelligence services\". He details the discursive mechanisms of the newspaper to praise the system of reclusion of the \"extremists\" who surrendered voluntarily and the distinction between \"the two youths\", on the one hand the \"lost\" youth who had political concerns and affective traumas of family origin, and on the other hand the apolitical youth, entirely dedicated to excel in their profession.",
"title": "General overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The most famous clandestine detention center of the Process was at the Escuela Superior de Mecánica de la Armada (ESMA). Located in the officers' casino of that institution of the Argentine Navy, in the northern area of the City of Buenos Aires (Núñez), on Avenida del Libertador at 8200 (34°32′18″S 58°27′49″W / 34.53833°S 58.46361°W / -34.53833; -58.46361), it operated from March 1976 to November 1983.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "It ultimately depended on Admiral Eduardo Massera, and was directly in charge of Task Group 3.3.2, led by Rear Admiral Rubén Chamorro and Captain \"Tigre\" Acosta. Other famous repressors who were part of it were Alfredo Astiz, Ricardo Miguel Cavallo, Antonio Pernías, Adolfo Scilingo, Juan Antonio Azic, Adolfo Donda, Manuel García Tallada, Jorge Luis Magnacco, Oscar Montes, Jorge Rádice, Juan Carlos Rolón, Jorge Enrique Perrén (son) and Ernesto Frimón Weber.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "ESMA became the political power base of the Navy and in particular of Massera; it was closed in November 1983, after the elections in which Raúl Alfonsín won and a few days before the constitutional authorities took office.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "On March 24, 2004, President Néstor Kirchner and the Head of Government of the City of Buenos Aires, Aníbal Ibarra, signed an Agreement between the National State and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires for the construction of the Espacio Memoria y Derechos Humanos (Memory and Human Rights Space) on the site, which was registered under No. 8/04. The decision was announced in a massive act, in which the doors of the Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada were opened.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "El Olimpo was a clandestine detention center located in the west of the city of Buenos Aires, in the Vélez Sársfield neighborhood. The center had a sign at the entrance that read \"Welcome to the Olympus of the Gods. The Centurions\". The center only operated for six months, from August 1978 to January 1979, but 700 detainees were housed there, of which 50 survived.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "This clandestine center depended on Guillermo Suarez Mason (nicknamed the butcher of Olympus), commander of the I Army Corps of the Argentine Army. The person in charge of the camp was Army Major Guillermo Minicucci, and he was also in charge of officers of the Argentine Federal Police such as Julio Simón (nicknamed \"el Turco Julián\") and Juan Antonio del Cerro (nicknamed \"Colores\").",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "The building was a shed used as a colectivo terminal until the beginning of the National Reorganization Process when it was expropriated by the Armed Forces. At the beginning of 1978 the cells were constructed to house the detainees, which were built by detainees who were transferred from other centers. There they also stored the thefts made during the kidnappings and had two torture rooms, with reinforced electrical wiring.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "With the arrival of democracy, the building passed into the hands of the Argentine Federal Police and was converted into an automobile verification center. The property was declared a historic site by Law 1197 of the Legislature of the City of Buenos Aires.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "It is currently used as a space for remembrance, and thus, many excursions to this site are made by schools to remember those victims who suffered during their stay in this Clandestine Center. Currently this site is mostly modified and many of the cells are no longer there, but its foundations are there to identify how the structure used to be.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "Club Atletico was a clandestine detention center located in the south of Buenos Aires, near the neighborhood of La Boca at 1200 Paseo Colon Avenue. It was named as such because it was located in the vicinity of the Club Atlético Boca Juniors.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "It was a public building that was demolished to build the 25 de Mayo highway. Its ruins were later found and the Government of Buenos Aires has begun to carry out the necessary excavations to recover it as a place of memory.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "Automotores Orletti was the name given to a clandestine detention and torture center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "Located in the Floresta neighborhood of Buenos Aires, it operated during the military dictatorship of 1976-1983. There, the Argentine Army coordinated the repression with the Uruguayan Army. The Superintendence of the Federal Police directed the interrogations.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "In December 1975, General René Otto Paladino, one of the founders of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Triple A) was put in charge of the Secretariat of Intelligence (SIDE), it was decided to create a base so that Aníbal Gordon's gang could operate without attracting attention.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "Some 300 people were kidnapped and tortured there, many of whom are still missing today, and others, such as the actor Luis Brandoni and his wife Martha Bianchi, who only suffered a few hours of the horror of the place.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "Orletti became the center of regional operations within the framework of the so-called \"Operation Condor\" and there Gordon's gang coordinated tasks with repressors from Chile, Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia and Uruguay. The victims were tortured, extorted, robbed and murdered, only to disappear.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "Today it has become a museum dedicated to the memory of the tortured and disappeared.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "Virrey Cevallos was a clandestine detention and torture center operated by the Air Force Intelligence Service and composed of three united housing units in the neighborhood of Montserrat. It was used as a base to plan kidnappings, torture and house disappeared detainees, generally for short periods of time. It is estimated that, since 1977, approximately 100 disappeared detainees were held there.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "or Superintendencia de Seguridad Federal (former Coordinación Federal) was one of the most active CCD's in Buenos Aires, since 1974 and especially after the military coup. The methods of the Federal Coordination were coined by Commissioner Alberto Villar, creator within the police of the Infantry Guard Corps. Its most recognized chief was Army Colonel Alejandro Arias Duval. Since the end of 1975, Task Group 2, which depended on General Suarez Mason, settled on the third and fourth floors of the building. The core group of repressors who acted in this CCD combined members of the extreme right-wing Peronism with high-ranking officials of the dictatorship. In 1975, before becoming Minister of the Interior of the dictatorship, General Harguindeguy was head of the Federal Police and as such, responsible for the formation of GT-2. In the last years of the dictatorship, in order to hide its activities, it was called the Superintendence of Federal Security, and in democracy it became Metropolitan Security. The detainees did not appear on any legal list of persons deprived of their freedom and many were summarily executed without trial. One of the best known cases was in July 1976 when dozens of people were murdered in retaliation for an attack committed by the guerrillas against the Federal Coordination building. Part of the bodies went to the morgue and some 30 bodies appeared in what was later known as the Fatima massacre.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "In 2017 twelve policemen were arrested and charged for crimes against humanity committed in this CCD.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 33,
"text": "In 650 Azopardo Street in Buenos Aires operated the CCD \"Garage Azopardo\", which was part of the repressive circuit Azopardo-Atlético-Banco-Vesubio-Olimpo, under the orbit of the First Army Corps. The Automotive Maintenance Service of the Federal Security Superintendence operated there.",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 34,
"text": "In 2012 a signage plaque with the historical reference was unveiled. Very close to the \"Garage Azopardo\" another important CCD operated during the years of the dictatorship, sadistically baptized by the repressors themselves as \"Club Atlético\".",
"title": "City of Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 35,
"text": "El Banco was the denomination given to a CCD that operated between late 1977 and mid-1978 and was located very close to the intersection of the Ricchieri Highway and the Camino de Cintura, a few meters from Bridge 12. The center was located in facilities of the Bonaerense Police and was opened when the construction works of the 25 de Mayo highway made necessary the demolition of the Club Atlético, which was located at the intersection of this highway and Paseo Colon Avenue in the city of Buenos Aires. Part of the prisoners of the Athletic Club were taken to El Banco.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 36,
"text": "Repressors belonging to the intelligence services of the Federal Police, Task Group 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the FTE operated there. It had about 50 dungeons, which the repressors called \"tubes\" and three torture rooms. There was also a \"leonera\" or collective cell.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 37,
"text": "Currently the XI Women's Brigade of the Police of the province of Buenos Aires operates there.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 38,
"text": "El Campito was the main concentration camp used by the army. It was also known as \"Los Tordos\". It operated in Campo de Mayo (San Miguel, Province of Buenos Aires), the most important military garrison of Argentina between 1975 and 1982. Some 5,000 detainees passed through it. Only 43 survived.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 39,
"text": "Campo de Mayo is a large military area of 5000 ha, 30 km from the center of the city of Buenos Aires. It is located near the cities of San Miguel, Villa de Mayo and Don Torcuato, in the area where Provincial Route 8 and Provincial Route 23 cross (34°32′09″S 58°39′44″W / 34.53583°S 58.66222°W / -34.53583; -58.66222), which border it. In the Military Hospital of Campo de Mayo there was a system of clandestine deliveries.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 40,
"text": "From March 1976 to 1980, four CCD operated in Campo de Mayo: the Campito, \"La Casita\" or \"Las Casitas\", the Prisión Militar de Encausados, and the Hospital Militar.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 41,
"text": "The center was under the control of the Command of Military Institutes, which at the time of its operation was in charge of Generals Santiago Omar Riveros, José Montes, Cristino Nicolaides and Reynaldo Benito Bignone. The Campito was directly directed by lieutenant colonel Jorge Vosso, while major doctor Julio César Caserotto was head of the Maternity Service of the Military Hospital.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 42,
"text": "The Campo de Mayo Hospital Militar has been detected as one of the centers where clandestine childbirths of prisoners were carried out, in order to proceed later to the kidnapping of the children, the suppression of their identity and their delivery, usually to military couples who could not have children. In many cases the \"adoptive parents\" have been participants in the murders of the biological fathers and mothers of the children.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 43,
"text": "One of the repressors of the \"Campito\", former sergeant Víctor Ibáñez, confessed and described its characteristics at length. His testimony is included in the book Campo Santo, by Fernando Almirón (1999). In one part of the book Ibáñez declares:",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 44,
"text": "When I entered the place, the first thing that struck me was the image of all those people like that, locked up in there. The mattresses, lying on the red tiled floor, with the headboards leaning against the walls. Side by side, in a row that went all the way around the length of the shed. All the windows were covered with green blankets that kept out the sunlight. The lamps were always on, you never knew when it was day and when it was night (1). On top of each one of those old wool mattresses, with striped cotin, sat the detainees. Hooded, with their hands tied in front with a rope and in absolute silence. (Almirón 1999)",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 45,
"text": "Since the establishment of democracy in 1983, projects have been presented to establish an industrial center there, create centers for tertiary and university studies, maintain it as an ecological reserve, etc.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 46,
"text": "El Vesubio was a clandestine detention center used by the Army that was located in Gran Buenos Aires, in the Partido de La Matanza, near the intersection of the Camino de Cintura with the Riccheri Highway that leads to Ministro Pistarini International Airport (Ezeiza International Airport), on land belonging to the Federal Penitentiary Service. \"Empresa El Vesubio\" was the code name used by the repressive forces to refer to it. It began to operate in 1975 and was used by the Triple A, before the coup d'état, under the name of \"La Ponderosa\" and ceased to operate in 1978. Among the disappeared and survivors, at least 400 people were detained there. Many of them were transferred from the \"Sheraton\", another clandestine center located in the neighborhood of Villa Insuperable, where the local police station functioned and still functions.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 47,
"text": "It was in Military Zone No. 1, under the jurisdiction of the I Army Corps under the command of Major General Guillermo Suárez Mason, who periodically visited the camp, and directly in charge of the Intelligence Gathering Center (CRI) of the Infantry Regiment 3 of La Tablada, under the command of Colonel Federico Minicucci. Colonels Juan Bautista Sasiaiñ and Franco Luque also operated there. The chief of El Vesubio was Major Pedro Alberto Durán Sáenz.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 48,
"text": "El Vesubio ceased to operate and its buildings were demolished in 1978 due to the visit of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 49,
"text": "In 2014, the work \"30 000 MUNDOS\" was inaugurated on the land occupied by the center as a tribute to the disappeared detainees.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 50,
"text": "The Seré Mansion, also known as Quinta de Seré or Atila, was a clandestine detention center (CCD) operating in an old two floor house located on Blas Pareras street, on the border between the towns of Castelar and Ituzaingó, in the Morón partido, Buenos Aires province.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 51,
"text": "Between 1977 and 1978, the place served as a clandestine detention center under the jurisdiction of the Air Force with the assistance of the Castelar Bonaerense Police.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 52,
"text": "The film 'Chronicle of an Escape' (2006) directed by Adrián Caetano recreates the true story of the escape from this center by Claudio Tamburrini, Daniel Rusomano, Guillermo Fernández, and Carlos García.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 53,
"text": "Since the year 2000, the House of Memory and Life and the Human Rights Department of the Municipality of Morón have operated in this place.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 54,
"text": "The 'Pozo de Banfield,' originally created as a branch of the Banfield Investigations Brigade, became a clandestine detention center operating between November 1974 and October 1978. It had the particularity of starting its operations during Isabel Perón's constitutional government, prior to the 1976 coup d'état.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 55,
"text": "In 2006, following requests from social organizations, the space was handed over to the provincial Human Rights department to build a Museum of Memory.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 56,
"text": "The 'Pozo de Quilmes' or 'Chupadero Malvinas' was another clandestine detention center operating between August 1975 and January 1979. 251 people were held captive there, some kidnapped under the Operation Condor.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 57,
"text": "'El Infierno' was named by the head of the Buenos Aires Provincial Police, Ramón Camps, and operated in the Lanús Investigations Brigade, under Miguel Etchecolatz. This center functioned from 1976 to 1978, and it is estimated that around 330 people passed through it, including labor activists. Most of them disappeared, and others were identified in section 134 of the municipal cemetery.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 58,
"text": "The headquarters of the Regional Unit II of the Lanús Investigations Brigade (URIIBIL) operated there, and the local authorities were Commissioners Bruno Trevisán and Rómulo Ferranti, sentenced to three and four years in prison for the crimes of 'abuse and severity' against the Iaccarino businessmen. Around 200 police officers worked here between 1976 and 1979, but being an investigations brigade, many of them wore plainclothes. There were also military personnel, and together, they formed the task groups.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 59,
"text": "On the 40th anniversary of the last civic-military coup in Argentina, 'El Infierno' was expropriated and transformed into a 'Municipal Space of Memory'. A year earlier, it had been marked at an event with political and local human rights organizations. Currently, the Human Rights Secretariat of the Municipality of Avellaneda operates there.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 60,
"text": "The following people were 'seen' in this CCD: Enrique Barry, Horacio Reimer, Héctor Pérez, José Rizzo, Horacio Lafleur, Luis Jaramillo, Carlos Alberto Fernández, Pablo Musso, Víctor Venura, Diana Wlichky, Mario Salerno, and Ricardo Chidichimo. Among the disappeared are: Carlos Daniel Saramaga, Esteban Santos, José Agustín Quinteros, Inés Pedemonte, Carlos Ochoa, Jorge Mendoza Calderón, Carlos Hodlt, Graciela Jurado, Gustavo Fernández Galán, Bonifacio Díaz, Victoria Borrelli, Alejo Avelino, Marta Alonso, Raúl Vassena, and Daniel Scimia. Additionally, three 'NN' (no names) are registered. Survivors include: Oscar Solís, Eduardo Castellanos, Gladys Rodríguez, Nilda Eloy, Corina Joly, Horacio Matoso, Haydee Lampugnani, Adolfo Paz, and Gustavo Fernández.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 61,
"text": "In March 2014, the 'Municipal Archive of Collective and Popular Memory' of Avellaneda was presented. The first booklets of the 'Memory Book' are dedicated to all the criminal activities of this CCD.",
"title": "Greater Buenos Aires"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 62,
"text": "In the province, there were two hundred and thirty clandestine detention centers.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 63,
"text": "A CCD operated within the premises of the Ford plant in General Pacheco, where company personnel were involved in torture and interrogations during the last dictatorship, a case emblematic of corporate responsibility in State terrorism crimes.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 64,
"text": "Penitentiary No. 9 was one of the penal institutions that housed the most political prisoners during Argentina's last civic-military dictatorship and also functioned as a Clandestine Detention Center (CCD), where 30 people were murdered-disappeared\".",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 65,
"text": "The Naval Infantry Battalion No. 3 housed a clandestine detention and torture center during the dictatorship, coordinated by Task Force 5 of the Argentine Republic Navy, which gathered repressive resources in the area of La Plata, Berisso, and Ensenada. The actions of TF 5 were verified to involve 'the identification, through intelligence tasks, of those workers who had some kind of involvement in union or guild activities', subsequently leading to their abduction.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 66,
"text": "In 2015, Commander Jorge Alberto Errecaborde of Task Group 5, José Casimiro Fernández Carró of BIM 3, and Operations and Intelligence Chief Roberto Eduardo Fernando Guitian of BIM 3 were sentenced to life imprisonment.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 67,
"text": "The clandestine detention center (CCD) at Campana's Federal Shooting Range was occupied by the Armed Forces a day after the military coup of 1976 and began to be used as a place for the abduction and torture of individuals persecuted for their political and social activism, within the framework of the systematic plan of terror and extermination imposed by Argentina's last civic-military dictatorship.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 68,
"text": "In a house at Monte Peloni, on Route 226, which connects Olavarría with Mar del Plata or Tandil, a CCD operated where the Army tortured and held numerous young people from the area between 1976 and 1978.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 69,
"text": "This refers to an estate located in the area of Los Laureles, on the outskirts of the city of Tandil in the Buenos Aires province, at the current streets Juan Manuel de Rosas and Scavini. The property belonged to brothers Julio and Emilio Méndez. The place was temporarily transferred to the Command of Subzone 12, under the command of General Alfredo Oscar Saint Jean, overseeing Area 121, led by Lieutenant Colonel Julio Tommasi.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 70,
"text": "It was part of a repressive circuit in combination with other clandestine detention centers in the region belonging to the so-called Subzone XII. It was located at the intersection of Route 226 and the road to the Tandil Military Air Base.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 71,
"text": "Known as Sans Souci Palace or Santamarina, it currently houses Technical Training Institute No. 75. In 1976, it was transferred by the provincial Ministry of Education to the Buenos Aires Provincial Police, becoming the Directorate of Interior Zone Security. It was recognized as the place where around eight people were held captive and subjected to torture.",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 72,
"text": "It operated on an island in Tigre originally intended as a rest area for members of the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires. In 1979, a CCD was established with the aim of hiding prisoners during the inspection visit carried out by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights\".",
"title": "Buenos Aires Province"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 73,
"text": "\"La Perla,\" also known as \"la Universidad,\" was the primary clandestine detention center (CCD) used outside the Buenos Aires area. Around 3000 detainees passed through there.",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 74,
"text": "It was located 12 km from the City of Córdoba, on National Route No. 20 that leads from the capital city to Carlos Paz. The facilities are visible from the route, on the right-hand side, heading towards Carlos Paz, in front of the Corcemar factory (31°25′52″S 64°17′50″W / 31.43111°S 64.29722°W / -31.43111; -64.29722).",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 75,
"text": "\"La Perla\" was established in 1975, before the military coup of March 24, 1976, and was dismantled in 1979.",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 76,
"text": "It was within Military Zone 3, under the command of the III Army Corps under General Luciano Benjamín Ménéndez, who frequently inspected the CCD; General Sasiaiñ was his second in command, and Colonel César Emilio Anadón was in direct command of La Perla.",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 77,
"text": "In the book \"Survivors of La Perla,\" the authors declare:",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 78,
"text": "In La Perla, prisoners were shot in the fields surrounding the center. They were transported there in a truck nicknamed 'Menéndez Benz'. Geuna said: 'Before getting off the vehicle, they were tied up. Then they were made to kneel in front of the pit and were shot. Officers from all units of the Third Corps participated in the shootings, from sub-lieutenants to generals'. (Contepomi 1984)",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 79,
"text": "After 2000, a decision was made in Córdoba to create a Museum of Memory in the building that housed the Department of Intelligence D-2 of the local police, on Santa Catalina passage, on one side of the historic Cabildo of the city of Córdoba. The D-2 was not a permanent CCD but the arrival place for detainees in transit to La Perla, Campo de La Ribera, or the Penitentiary of San Martín UP1.",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 80,
"text": "The Military Prison for Defendants \"Campo de la Ribera\" became a CCD starting in 1975. The investigation confirmed this operation. 'We were sent to La Ribera for periods of approximately twenty days, always accompanied by Gendarmerie officers'... 'I was there six times and saw about thirty detainees, men and women, housed in a block. Every day, members of the Intelligence of Battalion 141 came. When they did it at night, they usually brought 'packages,' as detainees were commonly referred to. When they took them for interrogation, sometimes we were ordered to 'soften them up,' which meant subjecting them to harsh punishment in an area near the river' (Testimony of Gendarme Carlos Beltrán, File No. 4213). 'There was a room for interrogations. There, I saw how detainees were tortured, submerged in a drum with water. Among the interrogators, I remember 'H.B.,' 'Gino,' 'Vargas,' and 'Fogo' (Gendarme José María Domínguez - File No. 4213). Precisely from the testimonial declaration of Lt. Col. Juan Carlos Lona, made in Federal Court No. 2 of Córdoba on June 27, 1984, as well as other evidence corroborating it, the withdrawal in December 1975 of the regular personnel who worked in that military prison meant its transformation into a clandestine jail: 'I worked between 1971 and 1977 as Head of the Military Prison for Defendants of Córdoba. In December 1975, following orders from the III Army Corps Command, all personnel were transferred to the La Calera Garrison. The direct responsibility for civilians who might be housed there was transferred to the mentioned Command'. The complaint made by this commission to the Judiciary regarding the case of Amelia Gélida Inzaurralde - who was removed from Buen Pastor prison and taken to La Ribera, where she died due to torture - led to the prosecution of General Juan Bautista Sasiaiñ. The Judge in charge, Dr. Gustavo Becerra Ferrer, explicitly supports the above when he says textually in the considerations of his resolution: 'Consequently, given the position held by the declarant (which allows us to consider his statements as a well-founded and authoritative version), it is clear that the immediate responsible for the Military Prison was the accused Sasiaiñ, and in the higher hierarchical order, the Corps Commander, General Luciano Benjamín Menéndez'. (...) 'What has been determined above clearly shows that the detention place 'Campo de la Ribera' was not a 'Military Prison' but rather a Civil Detention facility that nevertheless retained the latter designation, which is indisputable as such but debatable regarding its purpose in that sense; according to the organizational chart drawn up by Sasiaiñ at page 93, the maximum functional responsibility corresponded to the head of area 311’.",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 81,
"text": "The D-2, Department of Information of the Police of Córdoba, was created as a special division to pursue and repress opponents. It first operated where the tenth police station is now located and between 1978 and 1983, in the house located at Mariano Moreno and Caseros. In 2009, the basement was found after some excavations, which was one of the places of confinement for political prisoners.",
"title": "Province of Córdoba"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 82,
"text": "A CCD operated in Campo Hípico de Goya where men and women persecuted for their political, social, and union activism were kidnapped and tortured, and where several people were killed. It belongs to the Army's 121st Telecommunications Company. In certain cases, the abducted were transferred to other CCDs in the area or to the prisons of the cities of Corrientes and Resistencia. Among the abducted were farmers delegates of the Agrarian Leagues, teachers, and social activists linked to the local diocese of Bishop Alberto Devoto.",
"title": "Province of Corrientes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 83,
"text": "The Information Department (D-2) of the Mendoza Police Headquarters was the most important CCD in the province due to its central role in the repressive structure and the place where most of Mendoza's disappeared detainees were located. The former D2 began to be recognized as a memorial site in the 1984 CONADEP report.",
"title": "Province of Mendoza"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 84,
"text": "It operated in the Communications Company located in the IV Air Brigade of Mendoza.",
"title": "Province of Mendoza"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 85,
"text": "National and provincial records account for the existence of 36 former clandestine detention centers in Misiones. As of 2017, only three had been identified – La Casita del Mártires, Delegación Posadas de la Policía Federal and Jefatura de Policía de la Provincia de Misiones, Departamento de Informaciones-. Additionally, in that same year, the former Posadas Jail was identified – demolished and is now the location of the Polimodal Educational Center No. 4 Ayacucho between Catamarca and Entre Ríos. La Casita del Rowing – located at the height of Acceso Sur and Bouchardo, disappeared after coastal treatment, and the Subprefecture in Santa Ana.",
"title": "Province of Misiones"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 86,
"text": "\"La Casita de Mártires\" in Posadas operated as a CCD and torture center where people were murdered between 1976 and 1983. A house had been established on that site since 1956, intended as a police detachment belonging to the Misiones Provincial Police.",
"title": "Province of Misiones"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 87,
"text": "A CCD operated on this site, where an unspecified number of citizens were kidnapped, tortured, and disappeared victims of the repressive actions of the dictatorship. In that province, there were a dozen CCDs, six of them dependent on the provincial police, which before and after the dictatorship was commanded by the convicted repressor for crimes against humanity, Musa Azar Curi. Also, Battalion 141, actively involved in Operativo Independencia and in all provincial repressive activities where about 150 young people were detained or disappeared. The first military intervener in the province was Daniel Virgilio Correa Aldana, who in 1976 was the head of this Battalion, with the rank of colonel.",
"title": "Province of Santiago del Estero"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 88,
"text": "The Information Service (SI) of the Santa Fe Police, in the city of Rosario, Santa Fe province, is the name by which the main clandestine detention center (CCD) and extermination of the region is known. Approximately 2000 were detained there between 1976 and 1979, during Argentina's last civic-military dictatorship. It currently functions as the Popular Center of Remembrance, run by relatives of the disappeared.",
"title": "Province of Santa Fe"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 89,
"text": "The grounds of the Arsenal Battalion 603 (formerly Battalion 121), belonging to the Army, were used as a CCD where men and women persecuted for their political, social, and union activism in the so-called Cordón Industrial were kidnapped, tortured, and remained detained. The former Battalion 121 was part of a repressive circuit alongside clandestine detention centers in Greater Rosario such as La Calamita, La Intermedia, and Quinta de Funes, among other sites under the command of the II Army Corps, responsible for illegal repression in Santa Fe and Northeast Argentina. In 2015, it was designated as a Site of Memory.",
"title": "Province of Santa Fe"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 90,
"text": "Located in Funes, it is one of the five centers that were part of the repressive circuit under the command of Intelligence Detachment 121 of Rosario, commanded during the dictatorship by Colonel Pascual Oscar Guerrieri. Between 1977 and 1978, men and women persecuted for their political and social activism were detained and tortured there. It was expropriated in 2017 to become a site of memory.",
"title": "Province of Santa Fe"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 91,
"text": "The most important Clandestine Detention and Torture Centers that operated in the Province of San Luis were:",
"title": "Province of San Luis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 92,
"text": "Outside the city, the Army's Campo known as Granja La Amalia and Rodeo del Alto also functioned as Clandestine Centers. These sites, located on Route 20 towards Juana Koslay, depended of the Army Subofficers Circle. The murdered and some tortured individuals, tied with stones, were thrown from army planes into the dams: Cruz de Piedra, Potrero de los Funes, and La Florida.",
"title": "Province of San Luis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 93,
"text": "The Escuelita de Famaillá became the first concentration camp in the country. It operated at the Diego de Rojas School on the outskirts of the city of Famaillá.",
"title": "Province of Tucumán"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 94,
"text": "In February 1975, with the launch of \"Operativo Independencia,\" a clandestine detention center was established in Famaillá, initially under the charge of General Acdel Vilas, later succeeded by General Antonio Domingo Bussi. From that moment until the military coup of 1976, it operated in a school that was under construction in the city of Famaillá.",
"title": "Province of Tucumán"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 95,
"text": "The Arsenal Miguel de Azcuénaga functioned as a clandestine center for kidnappings and torture during the last civic-military coup. It is estimated that more than 400 detained-disappeared individuals were detained in that place. Since 2005, professionals have been working there in collaboration with human rights organizations. The LIGIAAT (Laboratory of Research of the Interdisciplinary Group of Archaeology and Anthropology of Tucumán) and the EAAF (Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team) operated there, focusing on excavations within the detention center and clandestine burial sites. In late 2016, they reported the halt in payments for the research team, and the Archaeology and Anthropology Research Laboratory was notified of the temporary suspension of forensic tasks. Twelve bodies were found in the pits, of which eleven were identified. In 2017, at the initiative of José Cano (Agreement for the Bicentennial - Cambiemos), the Nation ceded land from the former Clandestine Center, Arsenal, for the construction of a campus of the National Technological University (UTN). The Provincial Human Rights Secretariat delivered a presentation to Federal Judge Daniel Bejas, requesting his intervention to understand the extent of the land donation from the Arsenal Miguel de Azcuénaga, as there is still a protective measure in place to safeguard evidence since there are still open graves containing the remains of disappeared detainees.",
"title": "Province of Tucumán"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 96,
"text": "Between 1975 and 1983, the southern part of the country fell under the authority of Zone 5, along with its corresponding subzones and areas, each of one had complete repressive autonomy, including the management of clandestine detention centers.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 97,
"text": "Zone 5 covered the current province of Tierra del Fuego, the provinces of Santa Cruz, Chubut, Río Negro, and Neuquén, and the southwest of the Province of Buenos Aires (Districts of Adolfo Alsina, Guaminí, Coronel Suárez, Saavedra, Puán, Tornquist, Coronel Pringles, González Chávez, Coronel Dorrego, Tres Arroyos, Villarino, Bahía Blanca, Patagones). Its command base was in Bahía Blanca.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 98,
"text": "In Zone 5, CCDs were established in Bahía Blanca, Neuquén, and Rawson. In the Bahía Blanca area, several CCDs were set up, of which the main ones were \"La Escuelita de Bahía Blanca\" in the Command of the V Army Corps and \"Baterías\" in the Port Belgrano Naval Base. In Neuquén, \"La Escuelita de Neuquén\" was established in the former Battalion 181 (now Battalion 161) of the Army. In Rawson, a CCD was set up in the Rawson Penitentiary.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 99,
"text": "\"La Escuelita\" was a clandestine detention center located in the northeast of the city of Bahía Blanca, in the Villa Floresta neighborhood, on the road to Carrindanga (Camino de Cintura), behind the V Army Corps. It was a precarious and dilapidated building with two rooms that had served to house military horses, which was demolished before the fall of the dictatorship. It was the main extermination center in the southern Buenos Aires area, where hundreds of activists who ended up disappeared or executed in fake confrontations passed through.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 100,
"text": "In 2001, while the first trial of repressors in Bahía Blanca began, archaeologists from the National University of the South, called upon by the Justice system at the initiative of Memoria Abierta, made excavations in order to find the foundations of the clandestine center. The investigation allowed for the discovery of a 1944 plan, confirming that La Escuelita functioned 200 meters away from the ruins inspected by Conadep, and included the discovery of more than 13 thousand pieces that were underground, including syringes, containers of sedatives, and medical materials that the military would have used with the detainees.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 101,
"text": "A survivor, Alicia Mabel Partnoy, wrote a book about her experiences in the center titled precisely \"La Escuelita\", published in the United States in English in 1986 and in Spanish in 2006.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 102,
"text": "The center was under the command of the head of the 51st military subzone: Acdel Vilas (1976), Abel Teodoro Catuzzi (1977-1979), and Raúl José Ortiz (1979-1983). In 2006, the justice system arrested \"El Laucha\" Corres, an interrogator at the center, while in February 2010, nine retired Army subofficers accused of being torturers there were also detained.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 103,
"text": "It was located in the Headquarters of the 181st Construction Engineers Battalion, at the exit of Neuquén City, on Route No. 22. Four kilometers before the airport, a dirt road of approximately 300 meters opens up on the left.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 104,
"text": "It consisted of two buildings separated by approximately 10 meters. An old house served as accommodation for the detainees, with bunk beds in each room. The walls were whitewashed, the floor was concrete, and the roof was made of metal sheets. There was a gap between the wall and the metal roof for air circulation. There was a hole in the roof for a surveillance turret. The detainees who passed through there were transferred to prison, brought back to be tortured, or taken to other penitentiaries. There were even disappeared detainees who passed through this unit. In 2015, it was designated as a \"Site of Memory of State Terrorism\" by the National Directorate of Memory Sites.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 105,
"text": "It had a bathroom with a small sink, a latrine, and a shower, and the access door was brown with a peephole. The other building, currently demolished, was a shed made of metal sheets, with a semi-arched roof, a sliding door in anti-rust red, and a brick floor. There was pedestrian communication with the Battalion. The main access was through a gate controlled by Guard Post 5.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 106,
"text": "In Bariloche, the Mountain Military School functioned as a clandestine center on Avenida Bustillo between March 1976 and March 1977. Additionally, in the province of Río Negro, other centers operated in Viedma and Cipolletti, including the Second Police Station in the Civic Center and Gendarmerie Squadron 34.",
"title": "Zone 5"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 107,
"text": "The dictatorship period in Argentina from 1976 to 1982, self-proclaimed as the National Reorganization Process, involved all the provinces of the country. Likewise, the illegal deprivation of freedom and the consequent disappearances that occurred in Argentina and in the province could not have been carried out without clandestine detention centers, i.e., without an infrastructure that allowed the victims to be kept in secrecy.",
"title": "Province of Entre Ríos"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 108,
"text": "In Entre Ríos, up to the present day, 303 entrerrianos have been accounted for as disappeared by the armed forces in various locations in the province and in the rest of the country. Regarding the disappeared entrerrianos in the province, 10 cases are being processed in the Federal Court of Paraná, 6 cases in the Federal Court of Concepción del Uruguay, and a complaint made to the Federal Prosecutor's Office of Concepción del Uruguay that is awaiting the opening of the case.",
"title": "Province of Entre Ríos"
}
] | The clandestine detention, torture and extermination centers, also called, were secret facilities used by the Armed, Security and Police Forces of Argentina to torture, interrogate, rape, illegally detain and murder people. The first ones were installed in 1975, during the constitutional government of María Estela Martínez de Perón. Their number and use became generalized after the coup d'état of March 24, 1976, when the National Reorganization Process took power, to execute the systematic plan of enforced disappearance of people within the framework of State terrorism. With the fall of the dictatorship and the assumption of the democratic government of Raúl Alfonsín on December 10, 1983, the CCD's ceased to function, although there is evidence that some of them continued to operate during the first months of 1984. The Armed Forces classified the CCDs into two types: Definitive Place: they had a more stable organization and were prepared to house, torture and murder large numbers of detainees.
Temporary Place: they had a precarious infrastructure and were intended to function as a first place to house the detainees-disappeared. The plan of the de facto government, which exercised power in Argentina between March 24, 1976, and December 10, 1983, the clandestine centers were part of the plan to eliminate political dissidence. Similar operations were carried out in other countries in the region, with the express support of the U.S. government, interested in promoting at all costs the control of communism and other ideological currents opposed to its side in the Cold War. According to data from 2006, there were 488 places used for the kidnapping of victims of State terrorism, plus another 65 in the process of revision that could enlarge the list. In 1976 there were as many as 610 CCDTyE, although many of them were temporary and circumstantial. | 2023-12-16T20:16:55Z | 2023-12-20T06:47:26Z | [
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"Template:Main",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_detention_center_(Argentina) |
75,580,508 | Jetson One | The Jetson One is type of personal aircraft known as an eVTOL. It is a 102 horsepower battery operated aircraft with eight electric motors. The personal aircraft is manufactured by Swedish company Jetson Aero and it is manufactured and tested in Arezzo, Italy. To fly the single seat aircraft, the operator does not need to have a pilot license or have any special training. It is equipped with a parachute and it can operate even if one of its engines fails.
In 2017 Tomasz Patan and Peter Ternström started Jetson Aero with the goal "making everyone a pilot". In 2018 inventor Tomasz Patan designed a personal flying car. The design was improved upon and in 2021 Patan invented a new model called the Jetson One eVTOL. The company which is manufacturing the Jetson One is Jetson Aero and they are headquartered in Sweden. In 2022 the company offered the Jetson Ones for US$92,000 each. In 2022 the company began manufacturing the Jetson One in Poland.
In 2022 the company moved production and testing of the Jetson One from Poland to a facility in Arezzo, Italy. The CEO of the company is Stephan D’haene and he announced that the company obtained approval from the Italian Civil Aviation Authority (ENAC) to fly the aircraft in Italy’s uncontrolled airspace. In 2023, the company annoujnced that they had raised US$15 million dollars to fund the project. They planned to begin delivering the next Jetson Ones in 2024.
The aircraft will be powered high discharge lithium-ion batteries and by eight electric motors which generate 102 horsepower. Battery powered flight time is limited to twenty minutes and there is a top speed of 63 mph (101 km/h). The vehicle comes with a charger which can recharge in one hour at 230/240V or two hours with 110V power. Batteries may be removed and changed to avoid waiting for charging. The person piloting the aircraft must be less than 210 lb (95 kg). The individual motors powering the aircraft resemble drones. The aircraft can fly 1,500 ft (460 m) in the air. It weighs 190 lb (86 kg) and the fuselage is built of aluminum and a carbon-Kevlar composite. It is being offered for US$98,000.
The aircraft is capable of flight even if one of the engines fail. It is equipped with lidar sensors to avoid obstacles. There is a rapid-deploying ballistic parachute and the aircraft has a mode which allows the craft to hover without operating the controls. It is controlled by joysticks, and it has a throttle lever to adjust power. On the left the controller operates the aircraft's altitude and the right controls the direction. The single-seat aircraft is considered a recreation vehicle and it is considered to be a Ultralight by the US Federal Aviation Administration, so it does not require that the operator get a pilot license or have special training.
A video that Jetson Aero posted to Youtube received 48 million views. Comedian Stephen Colbert featured the video on his television show (Stephen Colbert show). The company attracted investors which included musical artist Will.i.am and Rikard Steiber. In October 2023 the American business magazine Forbes announced, "Flying Cars Are Here, And You Can Buy This One For Less Than $100,000". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Jetson One is type of personal aircraft known as an eVTOL. It is a 102 horsepower battery operated aircraft with eight electric motors. The personal aircraft is manufactured by Swedish company Jetson Aero and it is manufactured and tested in Arezzo, Italy. To fly the single seat aircraft, the operator does not need to have a pilot license or have any special training. It is equipped with a parachute and it can operate even if one of its engines fails.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 2017 Tomasz Patan and Peter Ternström started Jetson Aero with the goal \"making everyone a pilot\". In 2018 inventor Tomasz Patan designed a personal flying car. The design was improved upon and in 2021 Patan invented a new model called the Jetson One eVTOL. The company which is manufacturing the Jetson One is Jetson Aero and they are headquartered in Sweden. In 2022 the company offered the Jetson Ones for US$92,000 each. In 2022 the company began manufacturing the Jetson One in Poland.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2022 the company moved production and testing of the Jetson One from Poland to a facility in Arezzo, Italy. The CEO of the company is Stephan D’haene and he announced that the company obtained approval from the Italian Civil Aviation Authority (ENAC) to fly the aircraft in Italy’s uncontrolled airspace. In 2023, the company annoujnced that they had raised US$15 million dollars to fund the project. They planned to begin delivering the next Jetson Ones in 2024.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The aircraft will be powered high discharge lithium-ion batteries and by eight electric motors which generate 102 horsepower. Battery powered flight time is limited to twenty minutes and there is a top speed of 63 mph (101 km/h). The vehicle comes with a charger which can recharge in one hour at 230/240V or two hours with 110V power. Batteries may be removed and changed to avoid waiting for charging. The person piloting the aircraft must be less than 210 lb (95 kg). The individual motors powering the aircraft resemble drones. The aircraft can fly 1,500 ft (460 m) in the air. It weighs 190 lb (86 kg) and the fuselage is built of aluminum and a carbon-Kevlar composite. It is being offered for US$98,000.",
"title": "Specifications"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The aircraft is capable of flight even if one of the engines fail. It is equipped with lidar sensors to avoid obstacles. There is a rapid-deploying ballistic parachute and the aircraft has a mode which allows the craft to hover without operating the controls. It is controlled by joysticks, and it has a throttle lever to adjust power. On the left the controller operates the aircraft's altitude and the right controls the direction. The single-seat aircraft is considered a recreation vehicle and it is considered to be a Ultralight by the US Federal Aviation Administration, so it does not require that the operator get a pilot license or have special training.",
"title": "Specifications"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "A video that Jetson Aero posted to Youtube received 48 million views. Comedian Stephen Colbert featured the video on his television show (Stephen Colbert show). The company attracted investors which included musical artist Will.i.am and Rikard Steiber. In October 2023 the American business magazine Forbes announced, \"Flying Cars Are Here, And You Can Buy This One For Less Than $100,000\".",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | The Jetson One is type of personal aircraft known as an eVTOL. It is a 102 horsepower battery operated aircraft with eight electric motors. The personal aircraft is manufactured by Swedish company Jetson Aero and it is manufactured and tested in Arezzo, Italy. To fly the single seat aircraft, the operator does not need to have a pilot license or have any special training. It is equipped with a parachute and it can operate even if one of its engines fails. | 2023-12-16T20:23:14Z | 2024-01-01T01:30:01Z | [
"Template:Cvt",
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"Template:Short description",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetson_One |
75,580,512 | Sybille Krämer | Sybille Krämer (born 1951) is a German philosopher. She held the position of professor at Freie University Berlin from 1989 until 2018. Since March 2019, Krämer serves as a senior professor at Leuphana University Lüneburg.
Krämer studied philosophy, history, and political science at the University of Hamburg and the Philipps University of Marburg. In 1980, she completed her Ph.D. with a dissertation on the socialization of nature and the nature of society. She obtained her habilitation at the Philosophical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf in 1988. From 1989 to 2018, she held the professorship in theoretical philosophy at the philosophical institute of Freie Universität Berlin from 1989 to 2018. Krämer is a founding member of the Hermann von Hermann von Helmholtz-Zentrum für Kulturtechnik at Humboldt University of Berlin and has led several research projects there within the research group "Image, Script, Figure" (orig. "Bild, Schrift, Zahl").
From 2000 to 2006, Krämer was a member of the German Science and Humanities Council, and from 2005 to 2008, she was a Permanent Fellow at the Berlin Institute for Advanced Study. She also served as a member of the European Research Council from 2007 to 2014. Since 2010, she has been a member of the Senate of the German Research Foundation. She has been visiting professor at the Vienna University of Technology, the Max Reinhardt Seminar in Vienna, and at University of Graz, University of Lucerne, University of Zurich and University of Tokyo.
Since 2019, she is a guest researcher at the Institute of Culture and Aestetics of Digital Media at at the Leuphana University Lüneburg. Additionally, she is a Coorporation Partner at the research project "How is AI changing Science?".
Krämer's research focuses on the 17th-century rationalism, philosophy of language and writing, testimony and witnessing, as well as media and cultural techniques and digitality and history of computation. Her concept of the genesis of operative symbol use has been applied in the historiography of structural mechanics.
In 2016, Krämer was awarded an honorary doctorate from Linköping University. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sybille Krämer (born 1951) is a German philosopher. She held the position of professor at Freie University Berlin from 1989 until 2018. Since March 2019, Krämer serves as a senior professor at Leuphana University Lüneburg.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Krämer studied philosophy, history, and political science at the University of Hamburg and the Philipps University of Marburg. In 1980, she completed her Ph.D. with a dissertation on the socialization of nature and the nature of society. She obtained her habilitation at the Philosophical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf in 1988. From 1989 to 2018, she held the professorship in theoretical philosophy at the philosophical institute of Freie Universität Berlin from 1989 to 2018. Krämer is a founding member of the Hermann von Hermann von Helmholtz-Zentrum für Kulturtechnik at Humboldt University of Berlin and has led several research projects there within the research group \"Image, Script, Figure\" (orig. \"Bild, Schrift, Zahl\").",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "From 2000 to 2006, Krämer was a member of the German Science and Humanities Council, and from 2005 to 2008, she was a Permanent Fellow at the Berlin Institute for Advanced Study. She also served as a member of the European Research Council from 2007 to 2014. Since 2010, she has been a member of the Senate of the German Research Foundation. She has been visiting professor at the Vienna University of Technology, the Max Reinhardt Seminar in Vienna, and at University of Graz, University of Lucerne, University of Zurich and University of Tokyo.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Since 2019, she is a guest researcher at the Institute of Culture and Aestetics of Digital Media at at the Leuphana University Lüneburg. Additionally, she is a Coorporation Partner at the research project \"How is AI changing Science?\".",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Krämer's research focuses on the 17th-century rationalism, philosophy of language and writing, testimony and witnessing, as well as media and cultural techniques and digitality and history of computation. Her concept of the genesis of operative symbol use has been applied in the historiography of structural mechanics.",
"title": "Research areas"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2016, Krämer was awarded an honorary doctorate from Linköping University.",
"title": "Honors"
}
] | Sybille Krämer is a German philosopher. She held the position of professor at Freie University Berlin from 1989 until 2018. Since March 2019, Krämer serves as a senior professor at Leuphana University Lüneburg. | 2023-12-16T20:23:25Z | 2023-12-18T21:41:03Z | [
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"Template:Expand German",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sybille_Kr%C3%A4mer |
75,580,538 | List of speakers of the Kentucky House of Representatives | The following is a list of speakers of the Kentucky House of Representatives since statehood. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The following is a list of speakers of the Kentucky House of Representatives since statehood.",
"title": ""
}
] | The following is a list of speakers of the Kentucky House of Representatives since statehood. | 2023-12-16T20:29:44Z | 2023-12-26T15:48:12Z | [
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"Template:Infobox Political post",
"Template:Incomplete list",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite report",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_Kentucky_House_of_Representatives |
75,580,550 | The Night My Dad Saved Christmas | The Night My Dad Saved Christmas (Spanish: La Navidad en sus manos) is a 2023 Spanish-Mexican Christmas comedy film directed by Joaquín Mazón from a screenplay by Francisco Arnal and Daniel Monedero which stars Santiago Segura and Ernesto Sevilla.
Before Christmas, Father Christmas is injured in an accident in Madrid, and his hospital roommate, Salva, steps in to replace Santa so he can save Christmas Day and get his family back.
A Spanish-Mexican co-production, the film was produced by La Navidad en sus manos AIE, Nadie es perfecto, Esto también pasará Producciones and Bowfinger International Pictures alongside SDB Films. It had the association of BTF Media, AF Films and Mogambo, the participation of RTVE, Movistar Plus+, and Crea SGR, and backing from Ayuntamiento de Madrid, the Madrid regional administration, and ICAA.
The film was programmed to have its world premiere in the 'Miniminci' section of the 68th Valladolid International Film Festival. Distributed by A Contracorriente Films, it was released theatrically in Spain on 1 December 2023.
Enid Román Almansa of Cinemanía rated the film 2½ out of 5 stars, writing in the verdict that the statement "Santiago Segura is Father Christmas" speaks for itself.
Pablo Vázquez of Fotogramas rated the film 3 out of 5 stars, highlighting the honesty that Segura and Sevilla demonstrate at approaching their roles as a positive point, while negatively citing the film's limited appeal to an adult audience. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Night My Dad Saved Christmas (Spanish: La Navidad en sus manos) is a 2023 Spanish-Mexican Christmas comedy film directed by Joaquín Mazón from a screenplay by Francisco Arnal and Daniel Monedero which stars Santiago Segura and Ernesto Sevilla.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Before Christmas, Father Christmas is injured in an accident in Madrid, and his hospital roommate, Salva, steps in to replace Santa so he can save Christmas Day and get his family back.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A Spanish-Mexican co-production, the film was produced by La Navidad en sus manos AIE, Nadie es perfecto, Esto también pasará Producciones and Bowfinger International Pictures alongside SDB Films. It had the association of BTF Media, AF Films and Mogambo, the participation of RTVE, Movistar Plus+, and Crea SGR, and backing from Ayuntamiento de Madrid, the Madrid regional administration, and ICAA.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The film was programmed to have its world premiere in the 'Miniminci' section of the 68th Valladolid International Film Festival. Distributed by A Contracorriente Films, it was released theatrically in Spain on 1 December 2023.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Enid Román Almansa of Cinemanía rated the film 2½ out of 5 stars, writing in the verdict that the statement \"Santiago Segura is Father Christmas\" speaks for itself.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Pablo Vázquez of Fotogramas rated the film 3 out of 5 stars, highlighting the honesty that Segura and Sevilla demonstrate at approaching their roles as a positive point, while negatively citing the film's limited appeal to an adult audience.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | The Night My Dad Saved Christmas is a 2023 Spanish-Mexican Christmas comedy film directed by Joaquín Mazón from a screenplay by Francisco Arnal and Daniel Monedero which stars Santiago Segura and Ernesto Sevilla. | 2023-12-16T20:31:46Z | 2023-12-23T00:48:09Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Night_My_Dad_Saved_Christmas |
75,580,552 | 2024 World Grand Prix | The 2024 World Grand Prix is an upcoming professional snooker tournament that is scheduled to take place from 15 to 21 January 2024 at the Morningside Arena in Leicester, England. The eleventh ranking event of the 2023–24 snooker season, following the Scottish Open and preceding the German Masters, it will be the first of three events in the Players Series, preceding the Players Championship and the Tour Championship. Organised by the World Snooker Tour, the event will be broadcast by ITV domestically, by Eurosport in Europe, and by other broadcasters worldwide. The winner will receive £100,000 from a total prize fund of £380,000.
The event will feature the top 32 players in the one-year ranking list as it stood after the 2023 Scottish Open. Mark Allen is the defending champion, having defeated Judd Trump 10–9 in the previous final.
The event is scheduled to take place from 15 to 21 January 2024 at the Morningside Arena in Leicester, Germany. It will feature the top 32 players in the one-year ranking list as it stood after the 2023 Scottish Open.
The last-32 and last-16 matches will be played as the best of seven frames; the quarter-finals will be the best of nine frames; the semi-finals will be the best of 11 frames, and the final will be the best of 19 frames, played over two sessions. The defending champion is Northern Irish player Mark Allen, who won his first World Grand Prix title in 2023, defeating England's Judd Trump 10–9 in the final.
Unlike other events where the defending champion is seeded first, the reigning World Champion second, and the rest based on the world rankings, the qualification and seedings in the Players Series tournaments are determined by the one-year ranking list. The below list shows the top 32 players with the most ranking points acquired during the 2023/24 season, as of after the Scottish Open:
The event will feature a total prize fund of £380,000, with the winner receiving £100,000. The breakdown of prize money for the event is shown below:
The draw for the tournament is shown below. Numbers in parentheses after the players' names denote the players' seedings, whilst players in bold denote match winners. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 World Grand Prix is an upcoming professional snooker tournament that is scheduled to take place from 15 to 21 January 2024 at the Morningside Arena in Leicester, England. The eleventh ranking event of the 2023–24 snooker season, following the Scottish Open and preceding the German Masters, it will be the first of three events in the Players Series, preceding the Players Championship and the Tour Championship. Organised by the World Snooker Tour, the event will be broadcast by ITV domestically, by Eurosport in Europe, and by other broadcasters worldwide. The winner will receive £100,000 from a total prize fund of £380,000.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The event will feature the top 32 players in the one-year ranking list as it stood after the 2023 Scottish Open. Mark Allen is the defending champion, having defeated Judd Trump 10–9 in the previous final.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The event is scheduled to take place from 15 to 21 January 2024 at the Morningside Arena in Leicester, Germany. It will feature the top 32 players in the one-year ranking list as it stood after the 2023 Scottish Open.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The last-32 and last-16 matches will be played as the best of seven frames; the quarter-finals will be the best of nine frames; the semi-finals will be the best of 11 frames, and the final will be the best of 19 frames, played over two sessions. The defending champion is Northern Irish player Mark Allen, who won his first World Grand Prix title in 2023, defeating England's Judd Trump 10–9 in the final.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Unlike other events where the defending champion is seeded first, the reigning World Champion second, and the rest based on the world rankings, the qualification and seedings in the Players Series tournaments are determined by the one-year ranking list. The below list shows the top 32 players with the most ranking points acquired during the 2023/24 season, as of after the Scottish Open:",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The event will feature a total prize fund of £380,000, with the winner receiving £100,000. The breakdown of prize money for the event is shown below:",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The draw for the tournament is shown below. Numbers in parentheses after the players' names denote the players' seedings, whilst players in bold denote match winners.",
"title": "Tournament draw"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "",
"title": "Tournament draw"
}
] | The 2024 World Grand Prix is an upcoming professional snooker tournament that is scheduled to take place from 15 to 21 January 2024 at the Morningside Arena in Leicester, England. The eleventh ranking event of the 2023–24 snooker season, following the Scottish Open and preceding the German Masters, it will be the first of three events in the Players Series, preceding the Players Championship and the Tour Championship. Organised by the World Snooker Tour, the event will be broadcast by ITV domestically, by Eurosport in Europe, and by other broadcasters worldwide. The winner will receive £100,000 from a total prize fund of £380,000. The event will feature the top 32 players in the one-year ranking list as it stood after the 2023 Scottish Open. Mark Allen is the defending champion, having defeated Judd Trump 10–9 in the previous final. | 2023-12-16T20:32:43Z | 2023-12-31T08:19:10Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_World_Grand_Prix |
75,580,561 | 2013 Muntinlupa local elections | Local elections took place in Muntinlupa on May 13, 2013, within the 2013 Philippine general election. Voters elected the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the 16 councilors, eight each in the two local legislative districts of Muntinlupa.
Mayor Aldrin San Pedro ran for re-election, facing his predecessor, former Mayor Jaime "Jimmy" Fresnedi.
Vice Mayor Artemio "Temy" Simundac ran for re-election. He was challenged by Geraldine "Gigi" So, Fresnedi's running mate.
Rep. Rodolfo "Pong" Biazon ran for re-election. He was challenged by candidates Emerson "Ermie" Espeleta, Rafael Burgos, Jhun Castro, and Harry Tanbuatco.
Mayor Aldrin San Pedro was defeated by his predecessor, former Mayor Jaime "Jimmy" Fresnedi.
Vice Mayor Artemio "Temy" Simundac won over Geraldine So.
Rep. Rodolfo "Pong" Biazon won against other candidates. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Local elections took place in Muntinlupa on May 13, 2013, within the 2013 Philippine general election. Voters elected the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the 16 councilors, eight each in the two local legislative districts of Muntinlupa.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mayor Aldrin San Pedro ran for re-election, facing his predecessor, former Mayor Jaime \"Jimmy\" Fresnedi.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Vice Mayor Artemio \"Temy\" Simundac ran for re-election. He was challenged by Geraldine \"Gigi\" So, Fresnedi's running mate.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Rep. Rodolfo \"Pong\" Biazon ran for re-election. He was challenged by candidates Emerson \"Ermie\" Espeleta, Rafael Burgos, Jhun Castro, and Harry Tanbuatco.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Mayor Aldrin San Pedro was defeated by his predecessor, former Mayor Jaime \"Jimmy\" Fresnedi.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Vice Mayor Artemio \"Temy\" Simundac won over Geraldine So.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Rep. Rodolfo \"Pong\" Biazon won against other candidates.",
"title": "Results"
}
] | Local elections took place in Muntinlupa on May 13, 2013, within the 2013 Philippine general election. Voters elected the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the 16 councilors, eight each in the two local legislative districts of Muntinlupa. | 2023-12-16T20:34:05Z | 2023-12-19T01:48:51Z | [
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"Template:Election box hold with party link no change",
"Template:Metro Manila elections"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Muntinlupa_local_elections |
75,580,602 | Emin Hajiyev | Emin Hacıyev ( February 13, 1982, Sumgait) is a deputy who participated in the 6th meeting of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Emin Hajiyev graduated from the Azerbaijan State University of Economics in 2002 (bachelor's degree), and in 2004 (master's degree). In 2008, he successfully defended his candidate thesis on "The formation and development of mortgage loans in Azerbaijan" at the Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University and received the title of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of Economic Sciences. He then received a master's degree at the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2013–2015.
In 2006, he worked as a leading consultant at the Ministry of Economic Development. Since 2007, he has worked as an employee of the General Consulate of the Republic of Azerbaijan in St. Petersburg, and in 2009–2020, he worked as a member of the board of the Azerbaijani Youth Union of Russia and as the responsible secretary. During his activities in Azerbaijan and Russia, he acted as the initiator and executor of the organization of important projects and events, as well as took important steps in conveying the truths of Azerbaijan to the Russian public.
In the parliamentary elections held on February 9, 2020, Sumgayit No. 43 nominated his candidacy from the 3rd electoral district and was elected as the 6th convocation deputy of the Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan after receiving 63.5% of votes.
He is the chairman of the Working Group on Azerbaijan-Nigeria Inter-Parliamentary Relations.
In 2016, he was awarded the "Taraggi Medal" medal by the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, for his services to the strengthening of friendship between peoples and the development of the Azerbaijani diaspora. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Emin Hacıyev ( February 13, 1982, Sumgait) is a deputy who participated in the 6th meeting of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Emin Hajiyev graduated from the Azerbaijan State University of Economics in 2002 (bachelor's degree), and in 2004 (master's degree). In 2008, he successfully defended his candidate thesis on \"The formation and development of mortgage loans in Azerbaijan\" at the Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University and received the title of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of Economic Sciences. He then received a master's degree at the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2013–2015.",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2006, he worked as a leading consultant at the Ministry of Economic Development. Since 2007, he has worked as an employee of the General Consulate of the Republic of Azerbaijan in St. Petersburg, and in 2009–2020, he worked as a member of the board of the Azerbaijani Youth Union of Russia and as the responsible secretary. During his activities in Azerbaijan and Russia, he acted as the initiator and executor of the organization of important projects and events, as well as took important steps in conveying the truths of Azerbaijan to the Russian public.",
"title": "Socio-political activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the parliamentary elections held on February 9, 2020, Sumgayit No. 43 nominated his candidacy from the 3rd electoral district and was elected as the 6th convocation deputy of the Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan after receiving 63.5% of votes.",
"title": "Socio-political activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He is the chairman of the Working Group on Azerbaijan-Nigeria Inter-Parliamentary Relations.",
"title": "Socio-political activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2016, he was awarded the \"Taraggi Medal\" medal by the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, for his services to the strengthening of friendship between peoples and the development of the Azerbaijani diaspora.",
"title": "Awards"
}
] | Emin Hacıyev is a deputy who participated in the 6th meeting of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan. | 2023-12-16T20:45:24Z | 2023-12-28T13:22:12Z | [
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"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emin_Hajiyev |
75,580,656 | 2024 New York Red Bulls season | The 2024 New York Red Bulls season will be the club's twenty-ninth season in Major League Soccer, the top division of soccer in the United States.
Appearances and goals are career totals from all-competitions. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 New York Red Bulls season will be the club's twenty-ninth season in Major League Soccer, the top division of soccer in the United States.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Appearances and goals are career totals from all-competitions.",
"title": "Team information"
}
] | The 2024 New York Red Bulls season will be the club's twenty-ninth season in Major League Soccer, the top division of soccer in the United States. | 2023-12-16T20:55:41Z | 2023-12-30T20:59:51Z | [
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"Template:2024 Major League Soccer Eastern Conference table",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_New_York_Red_Bulls_season |
75,580,670 | Symonowicz Palace | The Symonowicz Palace, also known as the Szymonowicz Palace, and Szymonowicz House, is a baroque palace in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located at 37 Solec Street.
The exact year of the construction of the Symonowicz Palace remains unknown, but it is known that it was built before 1762.
It was designed by architect Pierre Ricaud de Tirregaille in the baroque style. In 1770, it became the property of nobleperson Simon de Symonowicz. In the 19th century, the building frequently changed owners.
In 1944, during the Warsaw Uprising in the Second World War, in its area took place heavy fighting, and the building was used as the hospital by the partisants. It was destroyed during the war, and rebuilt in 1951.
Currently, the building houses a kindergarten. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Symonowicz Palace, also known as the Szymonowicz Palace, and Szymonowicz House, is a baroque palace in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located at 37 Solec Street.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The exact year of the construction of the Symonowicz Palace remains unknown, but it is known that it was built before 1762.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "It was designed by architect Pierre Ricaud de Tirregaille in the baroque style. In 1770, it became the property of nobleperson Simon de Symonowicz. In the 19th century, the building frequently changed owners.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1944, during the Warsaw Uprising in the Second World War, in its area took place heavy fighting, and the building was used as the hospital by the partisants. It was destroyed during the war, and rebuilt in 1951.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Currently, the building houses a kindergarten.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The Symonowicz Palace, also known as the Szymonowicz Palace, and Szymonowicz House, is a baroque palace in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located at 37 Solec Street. | 2023-12-16T20:59:14Z | 2023-12-31T23:33:53Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Orphan",
"Template:Infobox building",
"Template:Efn",
"Template:Notelist",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symonowicz_Palace |
75,580,682 | Atta Islands | #REDIRECT [[Attu Island] | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "#REDIRECT [[Attu Island]",
"title": ""
}
] | #REDIRECT [[Attu Island] | 2023-12-16T21:01:19Z | 2023-12-16T21:01:19Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atta_Islands |
75,580,686 | Alta Via 3 | Alta Via 3 is a high route located in the Italian Dolomites between Niederdorf in the north and Longarone in the south.
The Alta Via 3 is a physically demanding trail. It is approximately 100 km long, with an elevation gain of approximately 6,200 meters. Some sections of the route are exposed or steep. Few sections are equipped with steel cable.
The trail is well marked with red and white paint splashes, cairns, and occasional dark blue triangular symbols containing the number '3'.
The entire journey usually takes 8 days. Most hikers walk the trail from north to south, which is the way the route is described in the most guidebooks.
The hike goes around Monte Cristallo then it continues to Lake Sorapiss and crosses the Sorapiss mountain range. After that it nearly touches Antelao mountain and continues through San Vito di Cadore toward Monte Pelmo. From Monte Pelmo the hike continues to Longarene which is the terminus. Part of the hike is common with similar trails Alta Via 4 and Alta Via 5.
Alta Via 3 is a hut to hut trail, so that each section ends with a hut (rifugio), that offers food and accommodation. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Alta Via 3 is a high route located in the Italian Dolomites between Niederdorf in the north and Longarone in the south.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Alta Via 3 is a physically demanding trail. It is approximately 100 km long, with an elevation gain of approximately 6,200 meters. Some sections of the route are exposed or steep. Few sections are equipped with steel cable.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The trail is well marked with red and white paint splashes, cairns, and occasional dark blue triangular symbols containing the number '3'.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The entire journey usually takes 8 days. Most hikers walk the trail from north to south, which is the way the route is described in the most guidebooks.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The hike goes around Monte Cristallo then it continues to Lake Sorapiss and crosses the Sorapiss mountain range. After that it nearly touches Antelao mountain and continues through San Vito di Cadore toward Monte Pelmo. From Monte Pelmo the hike continues to Longarene which is the terminus. Part of the hike is common with similar trails Alta Via 4 and Alta Via 5.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Alta Via 3 is a hut to hut trail, so that each section ends with a hut (rifugio), that offers food and accommodation.",
"title": "Accommodation"
}
] | Alta Via 3 is a high route located in the Italian Dolomites between Niederdorf in the north and Longarone in the south. The Alta Via 3 is a physically demanding trail. It is approximately 100 km long, with an elevation gain of approximately 6,200 meters. Some sections of the route are exposed or steep. Few sections are equipped with steel cable. The trail is well marked with red and white paint splashes, cairns, and occasional dark blue triangular symbols containing the number '3'. The entire journey usually takes 8 days. Most hikers walk the trail from north to south, which is the way the route is described in the most guidebooks. The hike goes around Monte Cristallo then it continues to Lake Sorapiss and crosses the Sorapiss mountain range. After that it nearly touches Antelao mountain and continues through San Vito di Cadore toward Monte Pelmo. From Monte Pelmo the hike continues to Longarene which is the terminus. Part of the hike is common with similar trails Alta Via 4 and Alta Via 5. | 2023-12-16T21:01:40Z | 2023-12-17T10:44:37Z | [
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox hiking trail",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alta_Via_3 |
75,580,711 | Pink (Wilkinson novel) | Pink is a 2009 young adult novel by Australian writer Lili Wilkinson. It follows Ava, a teenager who transfers schools in hopes of redefining herself.
It was shortlisted for the 2010 Barbara Jefferis Award, a finalist for the 2012 Lambda Literary Award for Children's and Young Adult Literature, and a 2012 Stonewall Book Award honor book.
Pink follows Ava, a 17-year-old girl who, at the beginning of the novel, asks her progressive, anti-establishment parents if she can transfer out of her low-performing public school to attend a high-performing, upscale private school "where both academic success and a smooth conformity seem the norm". Her parents reluctantly agree, and Ava starts school, leaving her girlfriend Chloe and old life behind.
Although her parents and best friend have also been proud to go against the grain, Ava is thinking about conforming. Encouraged by her new friend Alexis, who is a member of popular crowd, Ava tries out for the school play, but after an embarrassing audition, she resigns herself to being a stagehand.
As Ava befriends the other stage crew, who are known to be the school's misfits, she distances herself from Chloe, and her new friends distance themselves from her. Amidst all this, she considers kissing a boy, despite having already come out a lesbian.
Throughout the novel, Ava tries to figure out how to piece together the pieces of her old and new identities to figure out who she wants to be moving forward.
Booklist's Karen Cruze highlighted the book's "snarky wit" and how it "never gets overly heavy despite all the hand-wringing".
In a similar vein, Leanne Hall, writing for Readings Books, called Pink "equally entertaining and thought-provoking" and highlighted how "Wilkinson tackles some big issues – gender, feminism, sexuality and racism – with a light touch".
On behalf of School Library Journal, Jennifer Schultz praised how "Wilkinson authentically captures the social awkwardness of high school life and love". She also referred to Ava as "a sympathetic character", though noted that "Chloe becomes increasingly insufferable".
Kirkus Reviews called the novel "funny and poignant", noting that "the delightfully authentic, bawdy dialogue and cast of intensely likable misfits energetically propel this story forward".
Multiple reviewers mentioned potential issues with conflict resolution, including the fact that "some characters are rather quick to forgive past wrongs" and that "the resolution of [Ava's] struggle is too predictable". Similarly, Publishers Weekly noted that "Ava's worlds collide in a melodramatic conclusion that strains believability".
Despite considering the conclusion "melodramatic" and potentially unbelievable, Publishers Weekly considered Ava's "final realization" to be "cogent and satisfying". They also highlighted "the thoughtful conversations [Ava] has about the complexity of gender and identity", the novel's "strongest parts".
In 2012, the American Library Association included Pink on their Amelia Bloomer List and Rainbow List. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pink is a 2009 young adult novel by Australian writer Lili Wilkinson. It follows Ava, a teenager who transfers schools in hopes of redefining herself.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It was shortlisted for the 2010 Barbara Jefferis Award, a finalist for the 2012 Lambda Literary Award for Children's and Young Adult Literature, and a 2012 Stonewall Book Award honor book.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Pink follows Ava, a 17-year-old girl who, at the beginning of the novel, asks her progressive, anti-establishment parents if she can transfer out of her low-performing public school to attend a high-performing, upscale private school \"where both academic success and a smooth conformity seem the norm\". Her parents reluctantly agree, and Ava starts school, leaving her girlfriend Chloe and old life behind.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Although her parents and best friend have also been proud to go against the grain, Ava is thinking about conforming. Encouraged by her new friend Alexis, who is a member of popular crowd, Ava tries out for the school play, but after an embarrassing audition, she resigns herself to being a stagehand.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As Ava befriends the other stage crew, who are known to be the school's misfits, she distances herself from Chloe, and her new friends distance themselves from her. Amidst all this, she considers kissing a boy, despite having already come out a lesbian.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Throughout the novel, Ava tries to figure out how to piece together the pieces of her old and new identities to figure out who she wants to be moving forward.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Booklist's Karen Cruze highlighted the book's \"snarky wit\" and how it \"never gets overly heavy despite all the hand-wringing\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In a similar vein, Leanne Hall, writing for Readings Books, called Pink \"equally entertaining and thought-provoking\" and highlighted how \"Wilkinson tackles some big issues – gender, feminism, sexuality and racism – with a light touch\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On behalf of School Library Journal, Jennifer Schultz praised how \"Wilkinson authentically captures the social awkwardness of high school life and love\". She also referred to Ava as \"a sympathetic character\", though noted that \"Chloe becomes increasingly insufferable\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Kirkus Reviews called the novel \"funny and poignant\", noting that \"the delightfully authentic, bawdy dialogue and cast of intensely likable misfits energetically propel this story forward\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Multiple reviewers mentioned potential issues with conflict resolution, including the fact that \"some characters are rather quick to forgive past wrongs\" and that \"the resolution of [Ava's] struggle is too predictable\". Similarly, Publishers Weekly noted that \"Ava's worlds collide in a melodramatic conclusion that strains believability\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Despite considering the conclusion \"melodramatic\" and potentially unbelievable, Publishers Weekly considered Ava's \"final realization\" to be \"cogent and satisfying\". They also highlighted \"the thoughtful conversations [Ava] has about the complexity of gender and identity\", the novel's \"strongest parts\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In 2012, the American Library Association included Pink on their Amelia Bloomer List and Rainbow List.",
"title": "Awards and honors"
}
] | Pink is a 2009 young adult novel by Australian writer Lili Wilkinson. It follows Ava, a teenager who transfers schools in hopes of redefining herself. It was shortlisted for the 2010 Barbara Jefferis Award, a finalist for the 2012 Lambda Literary Award for Children's and Young Adult Literature, and a 2012 Stonewall Book Award honor book. | 2023-12-16T21:08:36Z | 2023-12-18T05:36:05Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox book",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_(Wilkinson_novel) |
75,580,716 | Killing of Yuval Castleman | The killing of Yuval Castleman occurred on November 30th, 2023, during the Givat Shaul shooting in Jerusalem when Yuval Doron Castleman (Hebrew: יובל דורון קסטלמן), an Israeli civilian, charged at the attackers in the shooting, killing one of them, and was subsequently shot by Aviad Freija, an IDF soldier, who mistook him for a terrorist.
Castleman was a 38-year-old lawyer from Mevaseret Zion who worked for the Civil Service Commission [he]. He was a former soldier for the Israel Border Police, and had been drafted into the IDF during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war before being discharged a few weeks later.
At 7:38 a.m. on November 30th, 2023, two Hamas-affiliated terrorists for Sur Baher exited their car, went to a bus stop by the Sderot-Ben Gurion Line [he] at the Jerusalem exit and shot and killed 3 people, and wounded others. They returned to their car following the shooting, and Castleman, driving in the opposite lane, got out of his car, drew his gun, urged civilians to evacuate, and charged towards the attackers, firing one bullet at one of the perpetrators, killing him.
Two soldiers at the scene ran to the back of the building and got to the floor, got back up, and approached the terrorists' car. Roi Eisenbach, a reserve soldier from the Golani Brigade, went to the sidewalk and shot the car to his right, killing one of the terrorists. During the neutralization of one of the perpetrators, Castleman was hit by one of the soldiers, either Eisenbach or Aviad Freija, who was farther from the car at the time. Castleman threw down his gun and got to his knees, and stripped his jacket to show he was not hiding any other weapons. Witness testimony alleges that he raised his hands and shouted "I'm Israeli, do not shoot." Freija claims that he did not hear Castleman talk. Castleman was hit again with a bullet, and got to his feet to try to gain the troops' attention that he was not a threat. Freija approached and shot him again. Castleman fell to the ground, and as he collapsed, threw his wallet in the direction of the shooter to show that he was Israeli and not the terrorist.
Castleman was critically wounded, and was determined to have been shot three times by Israeli police. The first emergency responders to arrive at the scene believed he was a terrorist, and did not come to his aid. He was later evacuated and brought to Shaare Zedek Medical Center where he underwent emergency surgery, but succumbed to his injuries, being pronounced dead in the evening. He was buried the following day, stated in an annoucement by his employer.
The same day, at 10:00 a.m., following the attack, journalist Yinon Magal called Freija to speak about the incident. Freija stated "There was a terrorist there, and we shot him.", and Magal corrected him and stated that there were two terrorists, and not one. Freija was also asked if they had verified the killing, and responded saying "Yes, we shot until they fell", and stated that he did not know if it was his shots that had killed Castleman or Eisenbach's.
Castleman's family was informed of the shooting in the afternoon, when a police officer called them and informed them that Castleman's gun, phone, and wallet were in police custody. It was reported by the evening that Castleman was not one of the terrorists, and was shot by Freija despite not being one of the terrorists.
The attack was initally only investigated by the Jerusalem District Police, without involvement of the Military Police Investigation Unit [he]. Following public pressure, the MPIU joined the investigation. Eisenbach and Freija, the two soldiers who fired at the scene, were interrogated and Freija was arrested.
On the morning of December 5 at a hearining, the presiding judge, Lieutenant Colonel Toby Hart, ruled that "the suspect [Freija] was fired unlawfully, not out of operational necessity, but out of frivolity regarding the possilibility of someone's death who no longer posed any danger", and added that no bullets were found in the body of the deceased according to police accounts (that would later be corrected), and that no autopsy had been conducted. He further stated "it is highly doubtful whether it will be possible to determine beyond a reasonable doubt at what stage the brain was injured and what injuries would have led to his eventual death." That evening, the court place Freija on house arrest. In the morning on December 7, Freija and Eisenbach each performed their own re-enactment at the scene in front of the military police investigators.
Police had initially released Castleman's body for burial before performing an autopsy, with justification being that the bullets had passed through Castleman's body and were not visible on a CT scan. The officers assigned to the case did not speak to the doctors who operated on Castleman when he initially arrived in a deteriorated condition at the hospital. They called the hospital security officer, who stated that if there were shrapnel or bullets found in Castleman's body, the police would be informed. However, Channel 13 revealed that the CT scan report from the hospital indeed did find metallic remnants of bullet fragments in Castleman's chest and head, and recommended that Castleman's body be exhumed for an autopsy.
The MAG Corps presented the developments from the scan to Castleman's family, and offered to exhume the body and perform a full autopsy expediently. They also offered to have a representative from the National Center for Forensic Medicine view the body, which would help give crucial insight into the investigation. The family agreed to the terms and the body was transferred to the Institute of Forensic Medicine. On December 10, an autopsy was performed, showing that an M16 rifle bullet and other bullet fragments were found, contrary to the claim in court that freed Freija from custody and placed him under house arrest.
Two weeks after the shooting, it was revealed that the investigators from the police forensics department who had examed Castleman''s jacket found no gunshot wounds in it. They concluded that the fatal shooting was carried out only after he took off his coat and got down on his knees. The finding was forwarded to the military police investigative unit before the autopsy was released.
The police commissioner ordered a senior commissioner to examine the autopsy results and the conduct of the investigation. State attorney Amit Eiseman instructed the Police Investigation Department [he] to open an investigation into the conduct of the police detective team, and blocked the conduction of an independent police investigation.
Following the incident, videos of Castleman were posted across news websites and social media, which led to intense public debate. Topics raised in the discourse included rules of engagement, extrajudicial executions of terrorists, medical assistance to wounded terrorists, and a policy of distributing weapons to civilians. Moshe Castleman, Yuval's father, said, "They just executed him." and demanded an indictment against Freija.
Israel has rules of engagement, which is a procedural law that defines when firearms carriers, especially soldiers, may fire their weapons, without receiving direct firing orders, and specifies the steps to be taken before opening fire. The rules are subject to criticism from various groups in Israel, especially in light of terrorist attacks and in relation to terrorists. Various sources claimed that terrorists who carried out an attack should be shot to death, even if they did not pose an immediate danger.
Many prominent voices of commentary of the shooting, including one editoral in Haaretz, criticized the campaign to encourage execution of terrorists on the ground, regardless of the risk they pose, claiming it led directly to Castleman's killing. Professor Mordechai Kremnitzer [he] similarly criticized the campaign for executions at the scene of a terrorist attack, arguing that in a state of law, the authority to kill a person as punishment does not lie with soldiers or civilians. IDF Chief of Staff Herzi Halevi addressed the incident, saying: "We commend the heroism of a civilian who ran bravely into the fire to stop the killing of civilians", adding: "Do not rush to fire when the risk decreases, and we do not shoot those who raise their hands."
As a part of public discourse, it was argued that the policy of expanding the distribution of weapons to civilians, which has significantly increased since the October 7 surprise attack, could cause similar casualty incidents. In response to a question from journalists about the "trigger-happy" hand of Freija and public executions by soldiers, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the latter, saying: "This is the policy and there are costs – this is life." Netanyahu's remarks caused a storm in the news and on social media. The head of the National Unity coalition Benny Gantz responded to Netanyahu's remarks, stating: "This is not life", and said that the incident requires lessons to be learned. Netanyahu later called Castleman's father, saying that Yuval's death was a terrible tragedy, and that he was a hero of Israel. He also said an investigation would be conducted and those found responsible would be prosecuted. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The killing of Yuval Castleman occurred on November 30th, 2023, during the Givat Shaul shooting in Jerusalem when Yuval Doron Castleman (Hebrew: יובל דורון קסטלמן), an Israeli civilian, charged at the attackers in the shooting, killing one of them, and was subsequently shot by Aviad Freija, an IDF soldier, who mistook him for a terrorist.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Castleman was a 38-year-old lawyer from Mevaseret Zion who worked for the Civil Service Commission [he]. He was a former soldier for the Israel Border Police, and had been drafted into the IDF during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war before being discharged a few weeks later.",
"title": "Yuval Castleman"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "At 7:38 a.m. on November 30th, 2023, two Hamas-affiliated terrorists for Sur Baher exited their car, went to a bus stop by the Sderot-Ben Gurion Line [he] at the Jerusalem exit and shot and killed 3 people, and wounded others. They returned to their car following the shooting, and Castleman, driving in the opposite lane, got out of his car, drew his gun, urged civilians to evacuate, and charged towards the attackers, firing one bullet at one of the perpetrators, killing him.",
"title": "Attack and shooting"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Two soldiers at the scene ran to the back of the building and got to the floor, got back up, and approached the terrorists' car. Roi Eisenbach, a reserve soldier from the Golani Brigade, went to the sidewalk and shot the car to his right, killing one of the terrorists. During the neutralization of one of the perpetrators, Castleman was hit by one of the soldiers, either Eisenbach or Aviad Freija, who was farther from the car at the time. Castleman threw down his gun and got to his knees, and stripped his jacket to show he was not hiding any other weapons. Witness testimony alleges that he raised his hands and shouted \"I'm Israeli, do not shoot.\" Freija claims that he did not hear Castleman talk. Castleman was hit again with a bullet, and got to his feet to try to gain the troops' attention that he was not a threat. Freija approached and shot him again. Castleman fell to the ground, and as he collapsed, threw his wallet in the direction of the shooter to show that he was Israeli and not the terrorist.",
"title": "Attack and shooting"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Castleman was critically wounded, and was determined to have been shot three times by Israeli police. The first emergency responders to arrive at the scene believed he was a terrorist, and did not come to his aid. He was later evacuated and brought to Shaare Zedek Medical Center where he underwent emergency surgery, but succumbed to his injuries, being pronounced dead in the evening. He was buried the following day, stated in an annoucement by his employer.",
"title": "Attack and shooting"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The same day, at 10:00 a.m., following the attack, journalist Yinon Magal called Freija to speak about the incident. Freija stated \"There was a terrorist there, and we shot him.\", and Magal corrected him and stated that there were two terrorists, and not one. Freija was also asked if they had verified the killing, and responded saying \"Yes, we shot until they fell\", and stated that he did not know if it was his shots that had killed Castleman or Eisenbach's.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Castleman's family was informed of the shooting in the afternoon, when a police officer called them and informed them that Castleman's gun, phone, and wallet were in police custody. It was reported by the evening that Castleman was not one of the terrorists, and was shot by Freija despite not being one of the terrorists.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The attack was initally only investigated by the Jerusalem District Police, without involvement of the Military Police Investigation Unit [he]. Following public pressure, the MPIU joined the investigation. Eisenbach and Freija, the two soldiers who fired at the scene, were interrogated and Freija was arrested.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On the morning of December 5 at a hearining, the presiding judge, Lieutenant Colonel Toby Hart, ruled that \"the suspect [Freija] was fired unlawfully, not out of operational necessity, but out of frivolity regarding the possilibility of someone's death who no longer posed any danger\", and added that no bullets were found in the body of the deceased according to police accounts (that would later be corrected), and that no autopsy had been conducted. He further stated \"it is highly doubtful whether it will be possible to determine beyond a reasonable doubt at what stage the brain was injured and what injuries would have led to his eventual death.\" That evening, the court place Freija on house arrest. In the morning on December 7, Freija and Eisenbach each performed their own re-enactment at the scene in front of the military police investigators.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Police had initially released Castleman's body for burial before performing an autopsy, with justification being that the bullets had passed through Castleman's body and were not visible on a CT scan. The officers assigned to the case did not speak to the doctors who operated on Castleman when he initially arrived in a deteriorated condition at the hospital. They called the hospital security officer, who stated that if there were shrapnel or bullets found in Castleman's body, the police would be informed. However, Channel 13 revealed that the CT scan report from the hospital indeed did find metallic remnants of bullet fragments in Castleman's chest and head, and recommended that Castleman's body be exhumed for an autopsy.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The MAG Corps presented the developments from the scan to Castleman's family, and offered to exhume the body and perform a full autopsy expediently. They also offered to have a representative from the National Center for Forensic Medicine view the body, which would help give crucial insight into the investigation. The family agreed to the terms and the body was transferred to the Institute of Forensic Medicine. On December 10, an autopsy was performed, showing that an M16 rifle bullet and other bullet fragments were found, contrary to the claim in court that freed Freija from custody and placed him under house arrest.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Two weeks after the shooting, it was revealed that the investigators from the police forensics department who had examed Castleman''s jacket found no gunshot wounds in it. They concluded that the fatal shooting was carried out only after he took off his coat and got down on his knees. The finding was forwarded to the military police investigative unit before the autopsy was released.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The police commissioner ordered a senior commissioner to examine the autopsy results and the conduct of the investigation. State attorney Amit Eiseman instructed the Police Investigation Department [he] to open an investigation into the conduct of the police detective team, and blocked the conduction of an independent police investigation.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Following the incident, videos of Castleman were posted across news websites and social media, which led to intense public debate. Topics raised in the discourse included rules of engagement, extrajudicial executions of terrorists, medical assistance to wounded terrorists, and a policy of distributing weapons to civilians. Moshe Castleman, Yuval's father, said, \"They just executed him.\" and demanded an indictment against Freija.",
"title": "Public reaction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Israel has rules of engagement, which is a procedural law that defines when firearms carriers, especially soldiers, may fire their weapons, without receiving direct firing orders, and specifies the steps to be taken before opening fire. The rules are subject to criticism from various groups in Israel, especially in light of terrorist attacks and in relation to terrorists. Various sources claimed that terrorists who carried out an attack should be shot to death, even if they did not pose an immediate danger.",
"title": "Public reaction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Many prominent voices of commentary of the shooting, including one editoral in Haaretz, criticized the campaign to encourage execution of terrorists on the ground, regardless of the risk they pose, claiming it led directly to Castleman's killing. Professor Mordechai Kremnitzer [he] similarly criticized the campaign for executions at the scene of a terrorist attack, arguing that in a state of law, the authority to kill a person as punishment does not lie with soldiers or civilians. IDF Chief of Staff Herzi Halevi addressed the incident, saying: \"We commend the heroism of a civilian who ran bravely into the fire to stop the killing of civilians\", adding: \"Do not rush to fire when the risk decreases, and we do not shoot those who raise their hands.\"",
"title": "Public reaction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "As a part of public discourse, it was argued that the policy of expanding the distribution of weapons to civilians, which has significantly increased since the October 7 surprise attack, could cause similar casualty incidents. In response to a question from journalists about the \"trigger-happy\" hand of Freija and public executions by soldiers, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the latter, saying: \"This is the policy and there are costs – this is life.\" Netanyahu's remarks caused a storm in the news and on social media. The head of the National Unity coalition Benny Gantz responded to Netanyahu's remarks, stating: \"This is not life\", and said that the incident requires lessons to be learned. Netanyahu later called Castleman's father, saying that Yuval's death was a terrible tragedy, and that he was a hero of Israel. He also said an investigation would be conducted and those found responsible would be prosecuted.",
"title": "Public reaction"
}
] | The killing of Yuval Castleman occurred on November 30th, 2023, during the Givat Shaul shooting in Jerusalem when Yuval Doron Castleman, an Israeli civilian, charged at the attackers in the shooting, killing one of them, and was subsequently shot by Aviad Freija, an IDF soldier, who mistook him for a terrorist. | 2023-12-16T21:09:33Z | 2024-01-01T00:02:15Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Yuval_Castleman |
75,580,717 | 17 Reasons Why | 17 Reasons Why is a 1987 American avant-garde short film directed by Nathaniel Dorsky. Working with a collection of secondhand portable cameras, Dorsky used the unslit 8 mm footage to create a split screen with four quadrants. Normally screened on 16 mm film at 16 frames per second, it is one of his only works to have been shown as a digital transfer.
17 Reasons divides the screen into four quadrants. The top and bottom images are offset by a single frame. The left and right sides usually use different shots but sometimes show the same image out of sync.
The content of the images varies between landscapes, interior scenes, faces, extreme close-ups of objects, and color fields. These are sometimes combined through multiple exposures.
The split screen in 17 Reasons Why was produced through Double 8, a technique common within experimental cinema during the 1970s. Double 8 mm film uses a single film strip that is 16 mm wide. Only half the width is exposed at any given time, and the camera operator flips the roll once one side is complete. When the roll is developed, the strip is slit along the center to separate it into two 8 mm strips. To create the quadrisected image, Dorsky created a 16 mm strip from printing the unslit 8 mm strips, such that each 16 mm frame contains four smaller 8 mm frames.
Dorsky made the film using old 8 mm cameras he purchased secondhand. To prevent the two sides of the strip from facing different directions, he held the camera upside down when shooting the second side of each roll. His use of multiple cameras and film stocks produced different colors, textures, and gate shapes in the resulting footage. He edited the footage together, using much shorter shot durations than is common in his work.
The title 17 Reasons Why comes from a rooftop sign at 17th and Mission Street which appears in the film.
The film premiered on October 6, 1987, at the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, in a program with Pneuma and Alaya. It screened on October 20 at the Collective for Living Cinema in New York. Dorsky requests the film be projected at 16 frames per second, slightly slower than the 18 fps frame rate of his other films or the 24 fps frame rate of typical sound films, to emphasize the articulation of individual frames.
17 Reasons Why is one of few films by Dorsky to have been presented digitally. A 2019 exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, Private Lives Public Spaces, featured 100 works of "artist's cinema, amateur movies, and family filmmaking". 17 Reasons Why was presented on a digital screen in front of a dark background at the exhibition's entrance, in addition to two 16 mm screenings. MoMA had wanted to show the film as a 16 mm loop, but the wear and tear would have destroyed the print. Dorsky was concerned that rendering the film at 16 frames per second would require the insertion of duplicate frames, which would interfere with its single-frame effects. Upon seeing the installation of the digital version, Dorsky remarked that it "has less feeling of body and light, delicacy of color, and tenderness of fragile beauty" than the film version but that he was "very pleasantly surprised with how good the MoMA technicians made the film look in its own newly acquired digital terms."
Critic Amy Taubin described the film as "lively, glittering, and mysterious", writing that it "has the surprise and resonance of accomplished ensemble jazz improvisation." | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "17 Reasons Why is a 1987 American avant-garde short film directed by Nathaniel Dorsky. Working with a collection of secondhand portable cameras, Dorsky used the unslit 8 mm footage to create a split screen with four quadrants. Normally screened on 16 mm film at 16 frames per second, it is one of his only works to have been shown as a digital transfer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "17 Reasons divides the screen into four quadrants. The top and bottom images are offset by a single frame. The left and right sides usually use different shots but sometimes show the same image out of sync.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The content of the images varies between landscapes, interior scenes, faces, extreme close-ups of objects, and color fields. These are sometimes combined through multiple exposures.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The split screen in 17 Reasons Why was produced through Double 8, a technique common within experimental cinema during the 1970s. Double 8 mm film uses a single film strip that is 16 mm wide. Only half the width is exposed at any given time, and the camera operator flips the roll once one side is complete. When the roll is developed, the strip is slit along the center to separate it into two 8 mm strips. To create the quadrisected image, Dorsky created a 16 mm strip from printing the unslit 8 mm strips, such that each 16 mm frame contains four smaller 8 mm frames.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Dorsky made the film using old 8 mm cameras he purchased secondhand. To prevent the two sides of the strip from facing different directions, he held the camera upside down when shooting the second side of each roll. His use of multiple cameras and film stocks produced different colors, textures, and gate shapes in the resulting footage. He edited the footage together, using much shorter shot durations than is common in his work.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The title 17 Reasons Why comes from a rooftop sign at 17th and Mission Street which appears in the film.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The film premiered on October 6, 1987, at the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, in a program with Pneuma and Alaya. It screened on October 20 at the Collective for Living Cinema in New York. Dorsky requests the film be projected at 16 frames per second, slightly slower than the 18 fps frame rate of his other films or the 24 fps frame rate of typical sound films, to emphasize the articulation of individual frames.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "17 Reasons Why is one of few films by Dorsky to have been presented digitally. A 2019 exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, Private Lives Public Spaces, featured 100 works of \"artist's cinema, amateur movies, and family filmmaking\". 17 Reasons Why was presented on a digital screen in front of a dark background at the exhibition's entrance, in addition to two 16 mm screenings. MoMA had wanted to show the film as a 16 mm loop, but the wear and tear would have destroyed the print. Dorsky was concerned that rendering the film at 16 frames per second would require the insertion of duplicate frames, which would interfere with its single-frame effects. Upon seeing the installation of the digital version, Dorsky remarked that it \"has less feeling of body and light, delicacy of color, and tenderness of fragile beauty\" than the film version but that he was \"very pleasantly surprised with how good the MoMA technicians made the film look in its own newly acquired digital terms.\"",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Critic Amy Taubin described the film as \"lively, glittering, and mysterious\", writing that it \"has the surprise and resonance of accomplished ensemble jazz improvisation.\"",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | 17 Reasons Why is a 1987 American avant-garde short film directed by Nathaniel Dorsky. Working with a collection of secondhand portable cameras, Dorsky used the unslit 8 mm footage to create a split screen with four quadrants. Normally screened on 16 mm film at 16 frames per second, it is one of his only works to have been shown as a digital transfer. | 2023-12-16T21:09:49Z | 2023-12-23T22:42:22Z | [
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"Template:Infobox film",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite magazine",
"Template:Cite news",
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"Template:Cite book",
"Template:IMDb title"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17_Reasons_Why |
75,580,725 | Northern Ireland Act 1947 | The 1947 Northern Ireland Act was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that aimed to enlarge the power of the [[Parliament of Northern Ireland. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1947 Northern Ireland Act was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that aimed to enlarge the power of the [[Parliament of Northern Ireland.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 1947 Northern Ireland Act was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that aimed to enlarge the power of the [[Parliament of Northern Ireland. | 2023-12-16T21:11:16Z | 2023-12-16T21:11:16Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:UK-statute-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Act_1947 |
75,580,739 | Planohybodus | Planohybodus is an extinct genus of hybodont, known from the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Bathonian-Barremian) of Europe (including Great Britain, France, Spain, Switzerland, Poland, and possibly Denmark) and the Indian subcontinent. Fossils have been found in marine as well as freshwater environments. The genus contains 3 confirmed species, two of which were originally assigned to the genus Hybodus. Possible records have been reported from the Late Jurassic of Mexico, the Early Cretaceous of Brazil (Planohybodus marki) and the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of North America, but these are unconfirmed. Planohybodus peterboroughensis is suggested to have reached lengths of 2–3 metres (6.6–9.8 ft). A specimen of the ammonite genus Orthaspidoceras from the Late Jurassic of France has been found with an embedded tooth of Planohybodus, suggesting that while the teeth of Planohybodus were adapted to tearing soft bodied prey, it would attack hard-shelled prey at least on occasion.
After Stumpf, Meng, and Kriwet, (2022): | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Planohybodus is an extinct genus of hybodont, known from the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Bathonian-Barremian) of Europe (including Great Britain, France, Spain, Switzerland, Poland, and possibly Denmark) and the Indian subcontinent. Fossils have been found in marine as well as freshwater environments. The genus contains 3 confirmed species, two of which were originally assigned to the genus Hybodus. Possible records have been reported from the Late Jurassic of Mexico, the Early Cretaceous of Brazil (Planohybodus marki) and the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of North America, but these are unconfirmed. Planohybodus peterboroughensis is suggested to have reached lengths of 2–3 metres (6.6–9.8 ft). A specimen of the ammonite genus Orthaspidoceras from the Late Jurassic of France has been found with an embedded tooth of Planohybodus, suggesting that while the teeth of Planohybodus were adapted to tearing soft bodied prey, it would attack hard-shelled prey at least on occasion.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "After Stumpf, Meng, and Kriwet, (2022):",
"title": "Species"
}
] | Planohybodus is an extinct genus of hybodont, known from the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Bathonian-Barremian) of Europe and the Indian subcontinent. Fossils have been found in marine as well as freshwater environments. The genus contains 3 confirmed species, two of which were originally assigned to the genus Hybodus. Possible records have been reported from the Late Jurassic of Mexico, the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of North America, but these are unconfirmed. Planohybodus peterboroughensis is suggested to have reached lengths of 2–3 metres (6.6–9.8 ft). A specimen of the ammonite genus Orthaspidoceras from the Late Jurassic of France has been found with an embedded tooth of Planohybodus, suggesting that while the teeth of Planohybodus were adapted to tearing soft bodied prey, it would attack hard-shelled prey at least on occasion. | 2023-12-16T21:13:50Z | 2023-12-25T05:44:24Z | [
"Template:Automatic taxobox",
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"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planohybodus |
75,580,740 | The Man with No Shadow | The Man with No Shadow (French: L'Homme sans ombre) is a Canadian-Swiss animated short film, directed by Georges Schwizgebel and released in 2004. Adapted from Adelbert von Chamisso's 1814 novella Peter Schlemihl, the film centres on a man who sells his shadow in exchange for wealth, only to become rejected by society for his difference.
The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 25th Genie Awards in 2005. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Man with No Shadow (French: L'Homme sans ombre) is a Canadian-Swiss animated short film, directed by Georges Schwizgebel and released in 2004. Adapted from Adelbert von Chamisso's 1814 novella Peter Schlemihl, the film centres on a man who sells his shadow in exchange for wealth, only to become rejected by society for his difference.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 25th Genie Awards in 2005.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | The Man with No Shadow is a Canadian-Swiss animated short film, directed by Georges Schwizgebel and released in 2004. Adapted from Adelbert von Chamisso's 1814 novella Peter Schlemihl, the film centres on a man who sells his shadow in exchange for wealth, only to become rejected by society for his difference. The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 25th Genie Awards in 2005. | 2023-12-16T21:13:51Z | 2023-12-16T23:17:36Z | [
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"Template:Infobox film",
"Template:Lang-fr",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:IMDb title"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_with_No_Shadow |
75,580,746 | Boccia at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's individual BC1 | The men's individual BC1 competition of the boccia events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 - 22 at the Choose Healthy Living Center (Centro Elige Vivir Sano) in of Lo Espejo, Chile.
The results during the final stage were as follows:
The results were as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's individual BC1 competition of the boccia events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 - 22 at the Choose Healthy Living Center (Centro Elige Vivir Sano) in of Lo Espejo, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The results during the final stage were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's individual BC1 competition of the boccia events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 - 22 at the Choose Healthy Living Center in of Lo Espejo, Chile. | 2023-12-16T21:14:57Z | 2023-12-26T00:22:48Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boccia_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_individual_BC1 |
75,580,748 | Boccia at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Women's individual BC1 | The women's individual BC1 competition of the boccia events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 - 22 at the Choose Healthy Living Center (Centro Elige Vivir Sano) in of Lo Espejo, Chile.
The results were as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The women's individual BC1 competition of the boccia events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 - 22 at the Choose Healthy Living Center (Centro Elige Vivir Sano) in of Lo Espejo, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The women's individual BC1 competition of the boccia events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 19 - 22 at the Choose Healthy Living Center in of Lo Espejo, Chile. | 2023-12-16T21:15:04Z | 2023-12-26T00:23:32Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boccia_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_individual_BC1 |
75,580,763 | Robert Fernández | Robert Fernández may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Robert Fernández may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Robert Fernández may refer to: Robert Fernández (footballer), Spanish former footballer
Robert Fernandez (cricketer), Indian cricketer | 2023-12-16T21:17:42Z | 2023-12-16T21:18:54Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Fern%C3%A1ndez |
75,580,765 | Pediocactus paradinei | Pediocactus paradinei, also known as bristly plains cactus, Houserock Valley cactus, Kaibab pincushion cactus, Paradine cactus, and Park pincushion cactus is a rare species of cactus found in Arizona.
Pediocactus paradinei is a round cactus that grows in a depressed manner, measuring between 3 cm to 4 cm in length and 6-8 cm in diameter. It extends half underground with a sizable 15 cm long taproot. The spines, which are flexible and hair-like, range from 1-3 cm in length and exhibit colors from white to ashy grey with yellow to brown tips. This cactus features 3 to 6 central spines and 3-22 radial spines. The yellow bell-shaped flowers of Pediocactus paradinei measure 1.5 to 2 cm in length and 2.5 cm in diameter, displaying colors ranging from pinkish beige to yellow. The flowering period occurs from late April to early May.
Endemic to the desert on the Kaibab Plateau in Houserock Valley, Coconino County, Arizona, Pediocactus paradinei is found at elevations ranging from 1600 to 2000 meters. It mainly grows in open woodland areas beneath Ponderosa pine trees, as well as in shrubland/chaparral within open pinyon-juniper woodlands and sagebrush valleys on Kaibab limestone gravels. Often found in small, scattered patches, it shares its habitat with other plant species such as Sclerocactus whipplei subsp. busekii, Escobaria missouriensis subsp. marstonii, Escobaria vivipara subsp. kaibabensis, Echinocereus engelmannii var. variegatus, Opuntia, and Yucca baccata.
Media related to Pediocactus paradinei at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pediocactus paradinei at Wikispecies | [
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"text": "Pediocactus paradinei, also known as bristly plains cactus, Houserock Valley cactus, Kaibab pincushion cactus, Paradine cactus, and Park pincushion cactus is a rare species of cactus found in Arizona.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Pediocactus paradinei is a round cactus that grows in a depressed manner, measuring between 3 cm to 4 cm in length and 6-8 cm in diameter. It extends half underground with a sizable 15 cm long taproot. The spines, which are flexible and hair-like, range from 1-3 cm in length and exhibit colors from white to ashy grey with yellow to brown tips. This cactus features 3 to 6 central spines and 3-22 radial spines. The yellow bell-shaped flowers of Pediocactus paradinei measure 1.5 to 2 cm in length and 2.5 cm in diameter, displaying colors ranging from pinkish beige to yellow. The flowering period occurs from late April to early May.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Endemic to the desert on the Kaibab Plateau in Houserock Valley, Coconino County, Arizona, Pediocactus paradinei is found at elevations ranging from 1600 to 2000 meters. It mainly grows in open woodland areas beneath Ponderosa pine trees, as well as in shrubland/chaparral within open pinyon-juniper woodlands and sagebrush valleys on Kaibab limestone gravels. Often found in small, scattered patches, it shares its habitat with other plant species such as Sclerocactus whipplei subsp. busekii, Escobaria missouriensis subsp. marstonii, Escobaria vivipara subsp. kaibabensis, Echinocereus engelmannii var. variegatus, Opuntia, and Yucca baccata.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Media related to Pediocactus paradinei at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pediocactus paradinei at Wikispecies",
"title": "References"
}
] | Pediocactus paradinei, also known as bristly plains cactus, Houserock Valley cactus, Kaibab pincushion cactus, Paradine cactus, and Park pincushion cactus is a rare species of cactus found in Arizona. | 2023-12-16T21:18:03Z | 2023-12-21T15:01:35Z | [
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75,580,777 | Rats Return | "Rats Return" is a song by British-progressive rock band Porcupine Tree, it was first released on 17 June 2022 as the fourth and final single in promotion of the bands ninth studio album Closure/Continuation. It was released alongside a music video.
The track has been stated as having a political theme, being called "a take-down of politicians". According to front-man Steven Wilson in an interview with NME, "The rats are politicians who express having an interest in the public but, when it comes down to it, only want to save themselves. Having lived through Brexit, Trump and Boris Johnson, it wasn't hard to get depressed about what's going on in the world,"
Furthermore, after being asked if he was optimistic for the future, he stated that he is more afraid than optimistic, stating that reading about what the government is doing he is disappointed by the "backwards, reactionary way of thinking". The track has also been described by Wilson as being about "those who claim to have the interests of the people at heart, but when it comes down to it there is only ego and self-interest". Wilson would continue elaborating on that statement stating how "I find myself reflecting on what sort of person would actually be so driven as to want to rule over a whole nation, and aren’t these people by definition the very last people that should be allowed to do so? The rats will always save themselves first."
Musically, the track has been stated as being "right up the alley" of Tool, Opeth, or Between the Buried and Me. The "prog" riffs have been stated as slinking and skittering over staccato beats in way familiar to Storm Corrosion, a duo band of Wilson and Opeth front man Mikael Åkerfeldt. The track has also been described as being "mysterious, near-ethereal" in tone.
The music video, directed by Ricky Allen, was released alongside the single and has been described as featuring black and white Soviet-era style graphic design and photography. The video shows an off-kilter and dystopian game show called "The Late Late Late Show with Special Guests (Live)". The game show features a cosmonaut, an injured ballerina, and a general officer, among others with "nightmarish rules" in which the general forces the injured ballerina to dance while "a mad drummer stares down the camera", and "a number of distressing visions of the guests in near-psychedelic disarray". It has also been stated as playing "perfectly with the themes of the song" with its political message.
Thom Jurek of AllMusic enjoyed the track, describing it as balancing "explosive, metallic interaction" with "spooky, atmospheric backdrops, jagged time shifts, and a spacey melody". Stevie Chick of The Guardian called the track as featuring "math-metal riffage". Along with "Walk the Plank" and "Herd Culling", Jordan Blum of Metal Injection described the track as packing "the same sort of quirky hostilities". Brad Sanders of Pitchfork called the track alongside "Herd Culling" as "cousins of "Harridan", being built on "nervy bass lines that joust with impressionistic synths".
Personnel per album liner notes
Porcupine Tree
Production | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Rats Return\" is a song by British-progressive rock band Porcupine Tree, it was first released on 17 June 2022 as the fourth and final single in promotion of the bands ninth studio album Closure/Continuation. It was released alongside a music video.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The track has been stated as having a political theme, being called \"a take-down of politicians\". According to front-man Steven Wilson in an interview with NME, \"The rats are politicians who express having an interest in the public but, when it comes down to it, only want to save themselves. Having lived through Brexit, Trump and Boris Johnson, it wasn't hard to get depressed about what's going on in the world,\"",
"title": "Background and composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Furthermore, after being asked if he was optimistic for the future, he stated that he is more afraid than optimistic, stating that reading about what the government is doing he is disappointed by the \"backwards, reactionary way of thinking\". The track has also been described by Wilson as being about \"those who claim to have the interests of the people at heart, but when it comes down to it there is only ego and self-interest\". Wilson would continue elaborating on that statement stating how \"I find myself reflecting on what sort of person would actually be so driven as to want to rule over a whole nation, and aren’t these people by definition the very last people that should be allowed to do so? The rats will always save themselves first.\"",
"title": "Background and composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Musically, the track has been stated as being \"right up the alley\" of Tool, Opeth, or Between the Buried and Me. The \"prog\" riffs have been stated as slinking and skittering over staccato beats in way familiar to Storm Corrosion, a duo band of Wilson and Opeth front man Mikael Åkerfeldt. The track has also been described as being \"mysterious, near-ethereal\" in tone.",
"title": "Background and composition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The music video, directed by Ricky Allen, was released alongside the single and has been described as featuring black and white Soviet-era style graphic design and photography. The video shows an off-kilter and dystopian game show called \"The Late Late Late Show with Special Guests (Live)\". The game show features a cosmonaut, an injured ballerina, and a general officer, among others with \"nightmarish rules\" in which the general forces the injured ballerina to dance while \"a mad drummer stares down the camera\", and \"a number of distressing visions of the guests in near-psychedelic disarray\". It has also been stated as playing \"perfectly with the themes of the song\" with its political message.",
"title": "Music video"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Thom Jurek of AllMusic enjoyed the track, describing it as balancing \"explosive, metallic interaction\" with \"spooky, atmospheric backdrops, jagged time shifts, and a spacey melody\". Stevie Chick of The Guardian called the track as featuring \"math-metal riffage\". Along with \"Walk the Plank\" and \"Herd Culling\", Jordan Blum of Metal Injection described the track as packing \"the same sort of quirky hostilities\". Brad Sanders of Pitchfork called the track alongside \"Herd Culling\" as \"cousins of \"Harridan\", being built on \"nervy bass lines that joust with impressionistic synths\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Personnel per album liner notes",
"title": "Personnel"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Porcupine Tree",
"title": "Personnel"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Production",
"title": "Personnel"
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] | "Rats Return" is a song by British-progressive rock band Porcupine Tree, it was first released on 17 June 2022 as the fourth and final single in promotion of the bands ninth studio album Closure/Continuation. It was released alongside a music video. | 2023-12-16T21:22:09Z | 2023-12-19T08:01:34Z | [
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"Template:Cite web",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rats_Return |
75,580,778 | John Brightmore Mitchell-Withers | John Brightmore Mitchell-Withers may refer to: | [
{
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"text": "John Brightmore Mitchell-Withers may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | John Brightmore Mitchell-Withers may refer to: John Brightmore Mitchell-Withers (senior), architect based in Sheffield
John Brightmore Mitchell-Withers (junior), his son, architect based in Sheffield | 2023-12-16T21:22:17Z | 2023-12-16T21:22:17Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brightmore_Mitchell-Withers |
75,580,825 | John Grant of Freuchie | John Grant of Freuchie may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "John Grant of Freuchie may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | John Grant of Freuchie may refer to: John Grant of Freuchie, Scottish landowner
John Grant of Freuchie, Scottish landowner | 2023-12-16T21:26:24Z | 2023-12-16T21:26:24Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Grant_of_Freuchie |
75,580,831 | Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter (Pittoni) | Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter or The Delivery of the Keys is a 1730 – 1735 oil on canvas painting by the Italian artist Giovanni Battista Pittoni, now in the Louvre Museum in Paris. It shows a scene from Matthew 16: 18-20 - other depictions of the same subject by the artist are in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Tours and Oxford's Ashmolean Museum. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter or The Delivery of the Keys is a 1730 – 1735 oil on canvas painting by the Italian artist Giovanni Battista Pittoni, now in the Louvre Museum in Paris. It shows a scene from Matthew 16: 18-20 - other depictions of the same subject by the artist are in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Tours and Oxford's Ashmolean Museum.",
"title": ""
}
] | Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter or The Delivery of the Keys is a 1730 – 1735 oil on canvas painting by the Italian artist Giovanni Battista Pittoni, now in the Louvre Museum in Paris. It shows a scene from Matthew 16: 18-20 - other depictions of the same subject by the artist are in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Tours and Oxford's Ashmolean Museum. | 2023-12-16T21:28:05Z | 2023-12-24T00:11:15Z | [
"Template:In lang",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:ISBN"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ_Giving_the_Keys_to_Saint_Peter_(Pittoni) |
75,580,852 | Al Livingston | Albert A. Livingston (c. 1881 – November 1, 1910) was an American racing driver who competed during the formative years of auto racing. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Albert A. Livingston (c. 1881 – November 1, 1910) was an American racing driver who competed during the formative years of auto racing.",
"title": ""
}
] | Albert A. Livingston was an American racing driver who competed during the formative years of auto racing. | 2023-12-16T21:31:23Z | 2023-12-16T21:34:08Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox racing driver",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Livingston |
75,580,870 | 2024 Colorado Buffaloes football team | The 2024 Colorado Buffaloes football team will represent the University of Colorado Boulder as a member of the Big 12 Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. This season will be Colorado's first in the Big 12 as they will move from the Pac-12 Conference following the conclusion of the 2023 season. The Buffaloes will be led by second year head coach Deion Sanders. They will play their home games on campus at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado. | [
{
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"text": "The 2024 Colorado Buffaloes football team will represent the University of Colorado Boulder as a member of the Big 12 Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. This season will be Colorado's first in the Big 12 as they will move from the Pac-12 Conference following the conclusion of the 2023 season. The Buffaloes will be led by second year head coach Deion Sanders. They will play their home games on campus at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado.",
"title": ""
},
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{
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] | The 2024 Colorado Buffaloes football team will represent the University of Colorado Boulder as a member of the Big 12 Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. This season will be Colorado's first in the Big 12 as they will move from the Pac-12 Conference following the conclusion of the 2023 season. The Buffaloes will be led by second year head coach Deion Sanders. They will play their home games on campus at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado. | 2023-12-16T21:33:33Z | 2023-12-31T18:36:47Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Colorado_Buffaloes_football_team |
75,580,882 | University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw | The University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw (UEHS, Polish: Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie; AEH) is a non-public academic higher education institution based in Warsaw, Poland. It was established in 2001 as the University of Finance and Management in Warsaw (UFM, Polish: Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Zarządzania w Warszawie; WSFiZ).
UEHS specializes in the fields of finance and management, social sciences, and human sciences, but also offers degrees in medical sciences and the arts. The university has CEEMAN International Quality Accreditation and is renowned for its courses in Psychology, recommended by the Polish Academy of Sciences.
In September 2018, UEHS received full university status from the Polish Accreditation Commission (Polska Komisja Akredytacyjna). It incorporated the University of Information Technology in Warsaw (Wyższa Szkoła Technologii Informatycznych w Warszawie; WSTIW) in October 2019, which had existed since 2004 and had been issuing accredited university degrees since 2009.
UEHS has its main facilities in its Vizja Park Campus on 59 Okowa Street, an educational complex operational since September 2019 and located in the Wola district of Warsaw. Vizja Park is over 30,000 square metres and is shared with a primary school and kindergarten. Before 2019, UEHS shared its facilities with the University of Information Technology on 55 Pawia Street, not far from its current location.
The campus had 118 classrooms, eight computer rooms, a main auditorium with 463 seats and four other auditoriums. The university also has accommodation, a sports hall, gym and a ballet studio on campus.
Its specialized library has over 40,000 books and 300 journal series. It has two study rooms and 70 work stations. The university also has a psychological test laboratory with over 170 scientific tools.
UEHS also has a branch in Sochaczew, which also has a library.
The university comprises six departments, each overseen by a dean:
It has two research units: the Doctoral School and the Scientific Council. Currently, there is one research center: the Genocide and Holocaust Center, established in 2020 as a Science Society for UEHS students and elevated to an Academic Research status in 2022. The UEHS Business Council was established in October 2020 and functions alongside the International Academic and Business Council.
There is also a student council, Samorząd Studencki AEH, sports club (Klub Sportowy AZS) and a Student Career Office. Alumni are connected through the Alumni Association, founded in June 2021.
In collaboration with the Polish Office for Personal Data Protection (Urząd Ochrony Danych Osobowych), UEHS created the Institute of Personal Data Protection Law in Poland (Instytut Prawa Ochrony Danych Osobowych), the first institute in Poland dealing with data protection issues. Other institutes are the Pharmaceutical Care Institute (Instytut Opieki Farmaceutycznej), Polish Psychosexual Society (Polskie Towarzystwo Psychoseksuologiczne), Institute of the Health Care System (Instytut Systemu Ochrony Zdrowia), and the Institute of Intellectual Property and Medical Law (Instytut Własności Intelektualnej i Prawa Medycznego).
UEHS offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees (including MEngs and MBAs) in Polish and English in 27 different fields of study. It is the first and only private university in Poland offering degrees in pharmacy, and is unique in Poland for its programs in Fashion Design & Sustainable Fashion Management, Social Media and Digital Marketing, and Psychotherapy. It also offers double degree programmes, summer schools, holiday courses and online degrees.
The university has a Doctoral Academy, and its doctoral school has been able to grant doctoral degrees in Psychology since January 2010. In the end of 2017, UEHS was allowed to grant doctoral degrees in Legal Science, and since 2022 in Economics and Finance, and Political Science and Administration.
In 2018, the university ranked 1st for Best-Educated Academic Staff in Poland according to the Perspektywy Ranking 2018. In 2023, it was ranked 5th in Publications among all Polish universities, with 2nd place for H-index and Citations in the AD Scientific Index 2024. The university was placed 6th among private universities, with 1st place in Internationalization for all Polish universities. In the 2023 Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, UEHS was placed 3rd among Polish private universities.
As for 2024, the university is ranked 81st by QS World University Rankings for universities in Eastern Europe and in the top 5 for International Student Diversity in Europe. It is included in the The Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2023, ranking 301–400 internationally for Reducing inequalities.
The program "Administration" was placed 1st, "Psychology" and "Finance" 2nd, "Management" 3rd, and "Law" 4th among private universities by Perspektywy.
UEHS is one of the most international universities in Poland and Europe. UEHS currently has over 5,000 international students from 124 different countries. It also participates in the Erasmus+ Programme. The university has 69 partner universities and offers international double degree programmes with the following partner universities:
UEHS offers student exchanges at the following partner universities:
Moreover, UEHS runs a credit transfer program in cooperation with the following three partner universities:
The university is member of the Central and East European Management Development Association and PRME (Principles for Responsible Management Education). It also cooperates with Fundación Beca, offering scholarships for Mexicans and Latin Americans, and Education Loan Fund, an agency of the Ministry of Education and Science of Mongolia.
The university has a Publishing House which releases publications on an open-access basis. In 2023, it was ranked 5th in Publications among all Polish universities.
UEHS publishes three journals:
52°14′39″N 20°58′57″E / 52.24417°N 20.98250°E / 52.24417; 20.98250 | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw (UEHS, Polish: Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie; AEH) is a non-public academic higher education institution based in Warsaw, Poland. It was established in 2001 as the University of Finance and Management in Warsaw (UFM, Polish: Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Zarządzania w Warszawie; WSFiZ).",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "UEHS specializes in the fields of finance and management, social sciences, and human sciences, but also offers degrees in medical sciences and the arts. The university has CEEMAN International Quality Accreditation and is renowned for its courses in Psychology, recommended by the Polish Academy of Sciences.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "In September 2018, UEHS received full university status from the Polish Accreditation Commission (Polska Komisja Akredytacyjna). It incorporated the University of Information Technology in Warsaw (Wyższa Szkoła Technologii Informatycznych w Warszawie; WSTIW) in October 2019, which had existed since 2004 and had been issuing accredited university degrees since 2009.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "UEHS has its main facilities in its Vizja Park Campus on 59 Okowa Street, an educational complex operational since September 2019 and located in the Wola district of Warsaw. Vizja Park is over 30,000 square metres and is shared with a primary school and kindergarten. Before 2019, UEHS shared its facilities with the University of Information Technology on 55 Pawia Street, not far from its current location.",
"title": "Facilities"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The campus had 118 classrooms, eight computer rooms, a main auditorium with 463 seats and four other auditoriums. The university also has accommodation, a sports hall, gym and a ballet studio on campus.",
"title": "Facilities"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Its specialized library has over 40,000 books and 300 journal series. It has two study rooms and 70 work stations. The university also has a psychological test laboratory with over 170 scientific tools.",
"title": "Facilities"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "UEHS also has a branch in Sochaczew, which also has a library.",
"title": "Facilities"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The university comprises six departments, each overseen by a dean:",
"title": "Organization"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "It has two research units: the Doctoral School and the Scientific Council. Currently, there is one research center: the Genocide and Holocaust Center, established in 2020 as a Science Society for UEHS students and elevated to an Academic Research status in 2022. The UEHS Business Council was established in October 2020 and functions alongside the International Academic and Business Council.",
"title": "Organization"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "There is also a student council, Samorząd Studencki AEH, sports club (Klub Sportowy AZS) and a Student Career Office. Alumni are connected through the Alumni Association, founded in June 2021.",
"title": "Organization"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In collaboration with the Polish Office for Personal Data Protection (Urząd Ochrony Danych Osobowych), UEHS created the Institute of Personal Data Protection Law in Poland (Instytut Prawa Ochrony Danych Osobowych), the first institute in Poland dealing with data protection issues. Other institutes are the Pharmaceutical Care Institute (Instytut Opieki Farmaceutycznej), Polish Psychosexual Society (Polskie Towarzystwo Psychoseksuologiczne), Institute of the Health Care System (Instytut Systemu Ochrony Zdrowia), and the Institute of Intellectual Property and Medical Law (Instytut Własności Intelektualnej i Prawa Medycznego).",
"title": "Organization"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "UEHS offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees (including MEngs and MBAs) in Polish and English in 27 different fields of study. It is the first and only private university in Poland offering degrees in pharmacy, and is unique in Poland for its programs in Fashion Design & Sustainable Fashion Management, Social Media and Digital Marketing, and Psychotherapy. It also offers double degree programmes, summer schools, holiday courses and online degrees.",
"title": "Academic programs"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The university has a Doctoral Academy, and its doctoral school has been able to grant doctoral degrees in Psychology since January 2010. In the end of 2017, UEHS was allowed to grant doctoral degrees in Legal Science, and since 2022 in Economics and Finance, and Political Science and Administration.",
"title": "Academic programs"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In 2018, the university ranked 1st for Best-Educated Academic Staff in Poland according to the Perspektywy Ranking 2018. In 2023, it was ranked 5th in Publications among all Polish universities, with 2nd place for H-index and Citations in the AD Scientific Index 2024. The university was placed 6th among private universities, with 1st place in Internationalization for all Polish universities. In the 2023 Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, UEHS was placed 3rd among Polish private universities.",
"title": "Rankings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "As for 2024, the university is ranked 81st by QS World University Rankings for universities in Eastern Europe and in the top 5 for International Student Diversity in Europe. It is included in the The Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2023, ranking 301–400 internationally for Reducing inequalities.",
"title": "Rankings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The program \"Administration\" was placed 1st, \"Psychology\" and \"Finance\" 2nd, \"Management\" 3rd, and \"Law\" 4th among private universities by Perspektywy.",
"title": "Rankings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "UEHS is one of the most international universities in Poland and Europe. UEHS currently has over 5,000 international students from 124 different countries. It also participates in the Erasmus+ Programme. The university has 69 partner universities and offers international double degree programmes with the following partner universities:",
"title": "International Cooperation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "UEHS offers student exchanges at the following partner universities:",
"title": "International Cooperation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Moreover, UEHS runs a credit transfer program in cooperation with the following three partner universities:",
"title": "International Cooperation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "The university is member of the Central and East European Management Development Association and PRME (Principles for Responsible Management Education). It also cooperates with Fundación Beca, offering scholarships for Mexicans and Latin Americans, and Education Loan Fund, an agency of the Ministry of Education and Science of Mongolia.",
"title": "International Cooperation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "The university has a Publishing House which releases publications on an open-access basis. In 2023, it was ranked 5th in Publications among all Polish universities.",
"title": "Publications"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "UEHS publishes three journals:",
"title": "Publications"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "52°14′39″N 20°58′57″E / 52.24417°N 20.98250°E / 52.24417; 20.98250",
"title": "External links"
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] | The University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw is a non-public academic higher education institution based in Warsaw, Poland. It was established in 2001 as the University of Finance and Management in Warsaw. UEHS specializes in the fields of finance and management, social sciences, and human sciences, but also offers degrees in medical sciences and the arts. The university has CEEMAN International Quality Accreditation and is renowned for its courses in Psychology, recommended by the Polish Academy of Sciences. In September 2018, UEHS received full university status from the Polish Accreditation Commission. It incorporated the University of Information Technology in Warsaw in October 2019, which had existed since 2004 and had been issuing accredited university degrees since 2009. | 2023-12-16T21:35:38Z | 2023-12-18T12:47:49Z | [
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75,580,891 | Killing of Alon Shamriz, Yotam Haim, and Samer Talalka | On 15 December 2023, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers operating in Shuja'iyya, Gaza as part of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip shot dead three Israeli hostages taken during the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel. The hostages, who were trying to get rescued, were visibly unarmed and shirtless and waving a makeshift white flag when they were killed. The incident provoked criticism of the IDF and of the Netanyahu government's attempts to resolve the hostage crisis with military action within Israel and condemnation of Israeli military action in Gaza from abroad.
The three hostages killed by the IDF were identified as Yotam Haim (age 28), Alon Shamriz (age 26) and Samer Talalka (age 24); Haim and Shamriz were kidnapped from the Kfar Aza kibbutz, and Talalka was kidnapped from the Nir Am kibbutz. All three men had been kidnapped during the October 7 attacks. Haim was a drummer for a heavy metal band, Shamriz was a computer engineering student at Sapir College and Talalka had been working in the kibbutz hatchery but was from the Bedouin town of Hura.
According to an IDF official, the three male hostages emerged shirtless out of a building toward a group of IDF soldiers "tens of meters" away, with one carrying a stick with a white cloth. An Israeli sniper then opened fire on them, killing Shamriz and Talalka and wounding Haim. According to an IDF investigation of the incident, the sniper had not recognized the white cloth. In the briefing he had received prior to deploying in the area, he had been told that the entire area was a combat zone and that he was authorized to fire at anyone suspicious. After being shot, Haim ran into a nearby building and shouted for help in Hebrew. The battalion commander then ordered the troops to hold their fire, but when Haim emerged from the building a soldier acting against the battalion commander's order shot and killed him. Haaretz reported that the IDF soldiers followed the third hostage into the building and shot him dead because "they believed that it was a Hamas terrorist attempting to lure them into a trap". Yediot Ahronot reported that Israeli soldiers had called for the third hostage to come out of the building he was hiding in, and then shot him when he reappeared. The soldiers became suspicious upon retrieving the bodies for they had identifying marks suggesting that they were indeed Israeli hostages who had managed to evade their captors. The hostages were identified after their bodies were returned to Israel.
In days prior to the incident, soldiers had noticed the building the hostages were hiding in, 200 meters from where they would be eventually shot, had fabric signs reading "SOS" and "Help, Three hostages" hanging out of the windows. The letters were written on the fabric with leftover food. The IDF had marked the house as a possible trap. An investigation determined that when the unit which found the signs was redeployed from the area, it did not brief the battalion replacing them, whose troops were responsible for the incident, about the signs.
According to the The Jerusalem Post, a preliminary investigation found IDF instructions to soldiers in Shejaia were to open-fire on any man of fighting age who approached them.
Protests broke out outside the IDF headquarters in Tel Aviv following the news, calling for a negotiated end to the hostage crisis. Open University of Israel professor Yagil Levy said there was "a real gap between the formal rules of engagement and the practice on the battlefield", and Israeli journalist Nahum Barnea called the incident a war crime. Pro-Palestinian voices and critics of the IDF said that the incident demonstrated the Israeli military's indiscriminate use of force on civilians, seeing the soldiers as having mistaken the surrendering Israeli hostages for surrendering Palestinians. Sari Bashi, program director at Human Rights Watch, stated that "nobody batted an eye before killing them", and that this case only came under investigation as the deceased turned out to be Israeli. Roy Yellin of B'Tselem stated that his group had documented "countless incidents of people who clearly surrendered and who were still shot" and that the incident came after "a long trend of" escalating Israeli violence that went largely unpunished.
On 15 December, the IDF stated that during operations in Shuja'iyya, they "mistakenly identified three Israeli hostages as a threat" and killed them with friendly fire. A senior IDF officer stated that: "We have heard such screams from places in the past, and then there was fighting, after the alert turned out to be an attempt to draw IDF forces to a building and then open fire on them. Unfortunately, we thought it was such an incident."
Benjamin Netanyahu offered condolences to the families of the victims, while Yoav Gallant called the killings "a painful incident for every Israeli". Lt. Gen. Herzi Halevi stated that the shooting was against the IDF's rules of engagement and that the hostages had "done everything to show that they were harmless", including removing shirts to show that they were not carrying explosives. The following day, the IDF posted a video of him speaking to the 99th Division of the IDF, reminding them to not shoot surrendering Gazans but to take them as prisoners of war. Social media users pointed out that soldiers in the background of the video appeared nonchalant or were even laughing.
When asked if the soldiers involved in the killing of the three hostages will be pulled from service, IDF spokesperson Lt. Col Richard Hecht stated that they will be "supported in every way possible" as the incident was "terrible and tragic mistake". IDF spokesperson Lt. Col Jonathan Conricus stated that no disciplinary action would be taken against the soldiers, and that there would be no change to IDF ground operations as a result of the killing. | [
{
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"text": "On 15 December 2023, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers operating in Shuja'iyya, Gaza as part of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip shot dead three Israeli hostages taken during the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel. The hostages, who were trying to get rescued, were visibly unarmed and shirtless and waving a makeshift white flag when they were killed. The incident provoked criticism of the IDF and of the Netanyahu government's attempts to resolve the hostage crisis with military action within Israel and condemnation of Israeli military action in Gaza from abroad.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "The three hostages killed by the IDF were identified as Yotam Haim (age 28), Alon Shamriz (age 26) and Samer Talalka (age 24); Haim and Shamriz were kidnapped from the Kfar Aza kibbutz, and Talalka was kidnapped from the Nir Am kibbutz. All three men had been kidnapped during the October 7 attacks. Haim was a drummer for a heavy metal band, Shamriz was a computer engineering student at Sapir College and Talalka had been working in the kibbutz hatchery but was from the Bedouin town of Hura.",
"title": "People involved"
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"text": "According to an IDF official, the three male hostages emerged shirtless out of a building toward a group of IDF soldiers \"tens of meters\" away, with one carrying a stick with a white cloth. An Israeli sniper then opened fire on them, killing Shamriz and Talalka and wounding Haim. According to an IDF investigation of the incident, the sniper had not recognized the white cloth. In the briefing he had received prior to deploying in the area, he had been told that the entire area was a combat zone and that he was authorized to fire at anyone suspicious. After being shot, Haim ran into a nearby building and shouted for help in Hebrew. The battalion commander then ordered the troops to hold their fire, but when Haim emerged from the building a soldier acting against the battalion commander's order shot and killed him. Haaretz reported that the IDF soldiers followed the third hostage into the building and shot him dead because \"they believed that it was a Hamas terrorist attempting to lure them into a trap\". Yediot Ahronot reported that Israeli soldiers had called for the third hostage to come out of the building he was hiding in, and then shot him when he reappeared. The soldiers became suspicious upon retrieving the bodies for they had identifying marks suggesting that they were indeed Israeli hostages who had managed to evade their captors. The hostages were identified after their bodies were returned to Israel.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In days prior to the incident, soldiers had noticed the building the hostages were hiding in, 200 meters from where they would be eventually shot, had fabric signs reading \"SOS\" and \"Help, Three hostages\" hanging out of the windows. The letters were written on the fabric with leftover food. The IDF had marked the house as a possible trap. An investigation determined that when the unit which found the signs was redeployed from the area, it did not brief the battalion replacing them, whose troops were responsible for the incident, about the signs.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
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"text": "According to the The Jerusalem Post, a preliminary investigation found IDF instructions to soldiers in Shejaia were to open-fire on any man of fighting age who approached them.",
"title": "Investigations"
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"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Protests broke out outside the IDF headquarters in Tel Aviv following the news, calling for a negotiated end to the hostage crisis. Open University of Israel professor Yagil Levy said there was \"a real gap between the formal rules of engagement and the practice on the battlefield\", and Israeli journalist Nahum Barnea called the incident a war crime. Pro-Palestinian voices and critics of the IDF said that the incident demonstrated the Israeli military's indiscriminate use of force on civilians, seeing the soldiers as having mistaken the surrendering Israeli hostages for surrendering Palestinians. Sari Bashi, program director at Human Rights Watch, stated that \"nobody batted an eye before killing them\", and that this case only came under investigation as the deceased turned out to be Israeli. Roy Yellin of B'Tselem stated that his group had documented \"countless incidents of people who clearly surrendered and who were still shot\" and that the incident came after \"a long trend of\" escalating Israeli violence that went largely unpunished.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On 15 December, the IDF stated that during operations in Shuja'iyya, they \"mistakenly identified three Israeli hostages as a threat\" and killed them with friendly fire. A senior IDF officer stated that: \"We have heard such screams from places in the past, and then there was fighting, after the alert turned out to be an attempt to draw IDF forces to a building and then open fire on them. Unfortunately, we thought it was such an incident.\"",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Benjamin Netanyahu offered condolences to the families of the victims, while Yoav Gallant called the killings \"a painful incident for every Israeli\". Lt. Gen. Herzi Halevi stated that the shooting was against the IDF's rules of engagement and that the hostages had \"done everything to show that they were harmless\", including removing shirts to show that they were not carrying explosives. The following day, the IDF posted a video of him speaking to the 99th Division of the IDF, reminding them to not shoot surrendering Gazans but to take them as prisoners of war. Social media users pointed out that soldiers in the background of the video appeared nonchalant or were even laughing.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "When asked if the soldiers involved in the killing of the three hostages will be pulled from service, IDF spokesperson Lt. Col Richard Hecht stated that they will be \"supported in every way possible\" as the incident was \"terrible and tragic mistake\". IDF spokesperson Lt. Col Jonathan Conricus stated that no disciplinary action would be taken against the soldiers, and that there would be no change to IDF ground operations as a result of the killing.",
"title": "Reactions"
}
] | On 15 December 2023, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers operating in Shuja'iyya, Gaza as part of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip shot dead three Israeli hostages taken during the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel. The hostages, who were trying to get rescued, were visibly unarmed and shirtless and waving a makeshift white flag when they were killed. The incident provoked criticism of the IDF and of the Netanyahu government's attempts to resolve the hostage crisis with military action within Israel and condemnation of Israeli military action in Gaza from abroad. | 2023-12-16T21:36:36Z | 2023-12-30T04:00:45Z | [
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75,580,903 | Juno in the Clouds | Juno in the Clouds is a c.1735 oval painting by Giambattista Tiepolo, bought from a private owner for the Louvre Museum in 2020. It shows Juno and her peacock in a cloud, with a putto below. Originally painted in fresco on the ceiling of the Palazzo Sagredo in Venice, it was transferred to canvas early in the 20th century. | [
{
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"text": "Juno in the Clouds is a c.1735 oval painting by Giambattista Tiepolo, bought from a private owner for the Louvre Museum in 2020. It shows Juno and her peacock in a cloud, with a putto below. Originally painted in fresco on the ceiling of the Palazzo Sagredo in Venice, it was transferred to canvas early in the 20th century.",
"title": ""
}
] | Juno in the Clouds is a c.1735 oval painting by Giambattista Tiepolo, bought from a private owner for the Louvre Museum in 2020. It shows Juno and her peacock in a cloud, with a putto below. Originally painted in fresco on the ceiling of the Palazzo Sagredo in Venice, it was transferred to canvas early in the 20th century. | 2023-12-16T21:37:31Z | 2023-12-24T00:10:27Z | [
"Template:Orphan",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_in_the_Clouds |
75,580,908 | 2023–24 F.C. Famalicão season | The 2023–24 season is F.C. Famalicão's 93rd season in existence and fifth consecutive in the Primeira Liga. They are also competing in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Win Draw Loss Fixtures
Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway
Last updated: 9 December 2023. Source: Superliga
The league fixtures were unveiled on 5 July 2023. | [
{
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"text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.",
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"text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures",
"title": "Pre-season and friendlies"
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"text": "Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway",
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"text": "Last updated: 9 December 2023. Source: Superliga",
"title": "Competitions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 5 July 2023.",
"title": "Competitions"
}
] | The 2023–24 season is F.C. Famalicão's 93rd season in existence and fifth consecutive in the Primeira Liga. They are also competing in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga. | 2023-12-16T21:37:58Z | 2023-12-17T08:41:25Z | [
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75,580,920 | Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz | Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz (Saul Pinehas Rabbinowicz / Rabbinowitsch / Rabinowitz; Akronym: Schepher / SchePheR; * 1845 in Tauroggen; † 1910 in Frankfurt am Main) was a Jewish scholar, writer and Hebrew translator, and a member of the Lovers of Zion movement.
Rabbinowicz was one of the co-organizers of the Katowice Conference in 1884, was the first secretary of the Union of Khoveve Zion Associations in Russia. Rabbinowicz rejected Herzl's Zionist movement, and saw the main goal of the Khoveve Zion to target Herzl's followers in favor of immediate practical work in Palestine. Saul was a leading "Palestinophile" of German Jews and favored emancipation. Rabbinowicz worked with Leon Pinsker.
He translated Graetz's History of the Jews into Hebrew (Warsaw 1888). This reached a wide audience and caused a considerable amount of controversy and criticism.
He was a mentor of Ze'ev Yavetz.
Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz was the father of the socialist Sarah Rabinowitz, also known as Sonja Lerch. Another, older daughter named Lydia is described by Victor Klemperer as a “fanatical Zionist” who no longer wanted to associate with him after she found out that he had converted.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Shaul Pinchas Rabinowitz". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz (Saul Pinehas Rabbinowicz / Rabbinowitsch / Rabinowitz; Akronym: Schepher / SchePheR; * 1845 in Tauroggen; † 1910 in Frankfurt am Main) was a Jewish scholar, writer and Hebrew translator, and a member of the Lovers of Zion movement.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Rabbinowicz was one of the co-organizers of the Katowice Conference in 1884, was the first secretary of the Union of Khoveve Zion Associations in Russia. Rabbinowicz rejected Herzl's Zionist movement, and saw the main goal of the Khoveve Zion to target Herzl's followers in favor of immediate practical work in Palestine. Saul was a leading \"Palestinophile\" of German Jews and favored emancipation. Rabbinowicz worked with Leon Pinsker.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He translated Graetz's History of the Jews into Hebrew (Warsaw 1888). This reached a wide audience and caused a considerable amount of controversy and criticism.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He was a mentor of Ze'ev Yavetz.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz was the father of the socialist Sarah Rabinowitz, also known as Sonja Lerch. Another, older daughter named Lydia is described by Victor Klemperer as a “fanatical Zionist” who no longer wanted to associate with him after she found out that he had converted.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). \"Shaul Pinchas Rabinowitz\". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.",
"title": "References"
}
] | Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz was a Jewish scholar, writer and Hebrew translator, and a member of the Lovers of Zion movement. Rabbinowicz was one of the co-organizers of the Katowice Conference in 1884, was the first secretary of the Union of Khoveve Zion Associations in Russia. Rabbinowicz rejected Herzl's Zionist movement, and saw the main goal of the Khoveve Zion to target Herzl's followers in favor of immediate practical work in Palestine. Saul was a leading "Palestinophile" of German Jews and favored emancipation. Rabbinowicz worked with Leon Pinsker. He translated Graetz's History of the Jews into Hebrew. This reached a wide audience and caused a considerable amount of controversy and criticism. He was a mentor of Ze'ev Yavetz. Saul Pinchas Rabbinowicz was the father of the socialist Sarah Rabinowitz, also known as Sonja Lerch. Another, older daughter named Lydia is described by Victor Klemperer as a “fanatical Zionist” who no longer wanted to associate with him after she found out that he had converted. | 2023-12-16T21:39:57Z | 2023-12-25T08:17:40Z | [
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75,580,925 | Andrew Heath (rugby union) | Andrew Duncan Heath (born 22 October 1969) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Heath was born and raised in Melbourne, attending Scotch College.
A prop, Heath relocated to Sydney in 1992 to join Shute Shield club Eastern Suburbs and the following year made his debut for the NSW Waratahs. He was capped eight times for the Wallabies in 1996 and 1997, including a home Test against the All Blacks at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Following two seasons with the Queensland Reds in 1998 and 1999, he then had stints overseas, at French club AS Béziers and later Wellington in New Zealand provincial rugby. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Andrew Duncan Heath (born 22 October 1969) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Heath was born and raised in Melbourne, attending Scotch College.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A prop, Heath relocated to Sydney in 1992 to join Shute Shield club Eastern Suburbs and the following year made his debut for the NSW Waratahs. He was capped eight times for the Wallabies in 1996 and 1997, including a home Test against the All Blacks at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Following two seasons with the Queensland Reds in 1998 and 1999, he then had stints overseas, at French club AS Béziers and later Wellington in New Zealand provincial rugby.",
"title": ""
}
] | Andrew Duncan Heath is an Australian former rugby union international. Heath was born and raised in Melbourne, attending Scotch College. A prop, Heath relocated to Sydney in 1992 to join Shute Shield club Eastern Suburbs and the following year made his debut for the NSW Waratahs. He was capped eight times for the Wallabies in 1996 and 1997, including a home Test against the All Blacks at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Following two seasons with the Queensland Reds in 1998 and 1999, he then had stints overseas, at French club AS Béziers and later Wellington in New Zealand provincial rugby. | 2023-12-16T21:41:03Z | 2023-12-16T23:12:24Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Heath_(rugby_union) |
75,580,929 | Food and drink industry in England | The food and drink industry is an important sector in the English economy consisting of hot and alcoholic beverages, spices, cereals, livestock, fisheries, sugar and honey.
The total value of England's food and drinks exports is £10.2bn as of 2021.
The value of food and drink exports in England were down by 9% from 2020 and 15% from 2019.
England's best selling beverages were worth 2.3bn, up 8% in 2021, however England's fruit and vegetable exports were hit hard with sales down by 36%.
The top export destination for food and drinks exports from England is Ireland with 15% of all exports at a value of 1.5bn in 2021, this is down by 25% from 2020.
France and US with exports up 12% and 10% respectively along with Germany and the Netherlands are also among the top 5 markets for the English food and drink exports.
The top food and drinks export categories are:
As of 2021 the total value of freshwater fisheries in England is £1.7bn.
In 2019 the most caught salt water fish and crustacean by English trawlers were:
As of 2023 the total value of Agricultural in England is £1.8bn.
This covers a variety of Areas including:
In 2018 England sold 550,000 bottles of English to 50 countries worldwide, this is up from 256,000 in 2018.
In 2022 the total value of English wine exports was £9.6 million ($11.8 million) with 800,000 bottles sold.
Some major English Wine brands include: Ridgeview Bloomsbury, Bolney Wine Estate, Lyme Bay, Aldwick Court Farm, Hattingley Valley, Lyme Block, Chapel Down, Brightwell Vineyard, and Stopham Estate.
As of 2023 there are currently 38,000 casks of English whisky maturing with an estimated 50,000 casks expected to be laid down by 2024, the estimated value of the maturing whisky stock is £1bn.
Some major English Whisky brands include: English Whisky Co, Cotswolds, The Lakes, Bimber, The Oxford Artisan, and Dartmoor.
The total value of coffee, tea, cocoa and Yorkshire and spices in Yorkshire and the Humber as of 2019 is £1.2bn. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The food and drink industry is an important sector in the English economy consisting of hot and alcoholic beverages, spices, cereals, livestock, fisheries, sugar and honey.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The total value of England's food and drinks exports is £10.2bn as of 2021.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The value of food and drink exports in England were down by 9% from 2020 and 15% from 2019.",
"title": "Trade"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "England's best selling beverages were worth 2.3bn, up 8% in 2021, however England's fruit and vegetable exports were hit hard with sales down by 36%.",
"title": "Trade"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The top export destination for food and drinks exports from England is Ireland with 15% of all exports at a value of 1.5bn in 2021, this is down by 25% from 2020.",
"title": "Trade"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "France and US with exports up 12% and 10% respectively along with Germany and the Netherlands are also among the top 5 markets for the English food and drink exports.",
"title": "Trade"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The top food and drinks export categories are:",
"title": "Categories"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "As of 2021 the total value of freshwater fisheries in England is £1.7bn.",
"title": "Fisheries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In 2019 the most caught salt water fish and crustacean by English trawlers were:",
"title": "Fisheries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "As of 2023 the total value of Agricultural in England is £1.8bn.",
"title": "Agriculture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "This covers a variety of Areas including:",
"title": "Agriculture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In 2018 England sold 550,000 bottles of English to 50 countries worldwide, this is up from 256,000 in 2018.",
"title": "Alcoholic beverages"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In 2022 the total value of English wine exports was £9.6 million ($11.8 million) with 800,000 bottles sold.",
"title": "Alcoholic beverages"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Some major English Wine brands include: Ridgeview Bloomsbury, Bolney Wine Estate, Lyme Bay, Aldwick Court Farm, Hattingley Valley, Lyme Block, Chapel Down, Brightwell Vineyard, and Stopham Estate.",
"title": "Alcoholic beverages"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "As of 2023 there are currently 38,000 casks of English whisky maturing with an estimated 50,000 casks expected to be laid down by 2024, the estimated value of the maturing whisky stock is £1bn.",
"title": "Alcoholic beverages"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Some major English Whisky brands include: English Whisky Co, Cotswolds, The Lakes, Bimber, The Oxford Artisan, and Dartmoor.",
"title": "Alcoholic beverages"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "The total value of coffee, tea, cocoa and Yorkshire and spices in Yorkshire and the Humber as of 2019 is £1.2bn.",
"title": "Hot beverages and spices"
}
] | The food and drink industry is an important sector in the English economy consisting of hot and alcoholic beverages, spices, cereals, livestock, fisheries, sugar and honey. The total value of England's food and drinks exports is £10.2bn as of 2021. | 2023-12-16T21:41:51Z | 2023-12-23T11:43:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_drink_industry_in_England |
75,580,983 | John Pollen | John Pollen may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "John Pollen may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | John Pollen may refer to: John Hungerford Pollen (senior) (1820–1902), English writer on crafts and furniture
John Hungerford Pollen (Jesuit) (1858–1925), English Jesuit, known as a historian of the Protestant Reformation
John Pollen, British lawyer and politician
John Pollen, his father, MP for Andover | 2023-12-16T21:51:40Z | 2023-12-16T21:51:40Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pollen |
75,580,986 | 1915 Copa Jockey Club final | The 1915 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 9th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, played at the Porteño Stadium in Palermo on 24 October 1915, Porteño defeated Racing 2–1 to win their first Copa de Competencia trophy.
The 1915 edition was contested by 33 clubs, 25 within Buenos Aires Province and 8 from Liga Rosarina de Football. Porteño started in the group of 32, where they eliminated Hispano Argentino 2–1, then beating Tigre 6–1 (at C.A. Atlanta Stadium). In the round of 8, they defeated Huracán 5–2 in extra time. In quarter and semifinal, Porteño finally eliminated River Plate and Rosario A.C. respectively, to earn their place in the final.
On the other hand, Racing started their participation defeating San Isidro 1–0, then eliminating Estudiantes de Buenos Aires 2–0 in Palermo. In the group of 8, Racing defeated Estudiantes de La Plata 2–0 in playoff (after a 0–0 draw). The following rivals were Ferro Carril Oeste and Gimnasia y Esgrima de Rosario whom Racing defeated 3–1 and 2–1 respectively to reach the final. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1915 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 9th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, played at the Porteño Stadium in Palermo on 24 October 1915, Porteño defeated Racing 2–1 to win their first Copa de Competencia trophy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The 1915 edition was contested by 33 clubs, 25 within Buenos Aires Province and 8 from Liga Rosarina de Football. Porteño started in the group of 32, where they eliminated Hispano Argentino 2–1, then beating Tigre 6–1 (at C.A. Atlanta Stadium). In the round of 8, they defeated Huracán 5–2 in extra time. In quarter and semifinal, Porteño finally eliminated River Plate and Rosario A.C. respectively, to earn their place in the final.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On the other hand, Racing started their participation defeating San Isidro 1–0, then eliminating Estudiantes de Buenos Aires 2–0 in Palermo. In the group of 8, Racing defeated Estudiantes de La Plata 2–0 in playoff (after a 0–0 draw). The following rivals were Ferro Carril Oeste and Gimnasia y Esgrima de Rosario whom Racing defeated 3–1 and 2–1 respectively to reach the final.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 1915 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 9th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, played at the Porteño Stadium in Palermo on 24 October 1915, Porteño defeated Racing 2–1 to win their first Copa de Competencia trophy. | 2023-12-16T21:52:01Z | 2023-12-16T22:24:52Z | [
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75,580,990 | Mabel's Saga | Mabel's Saga is a Canadian animated short film, directed by JoDee Samuelson and released in 2003. The film presents the story of Mabel, a middle-aged woman facing menopause who draws the strength to get through the challenges in her life by imagining herself as the heroine of Viking sagas.
The film was screened at the 2004 Montreal World Film Festival, where it won the FedEx Prize for Best Canadian Short and the Jury Prize for Canadian short films. At the 2004 Atlantic Film Festival, it won the award for Best Short Film.
The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 25th Genie Awards in 2005. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mabel's Saga is a Canadian animated short film, directed by JoDee Samuelson and released in 2003. The film presents the story of Mabel, a middle-aged woman facing menopause who draws the strength to get through the challenges in her life by imagining herself as the heroine of Viking sagas.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The film was screened at the 2004 Montreal World Film Festival, where it won the FedEx Prize for Best Canadian Short and the Jury Prize for Canadian short films. At the 2004 Atlantic Film Festival, it won the award for Best Short Film.",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 25th Genie Awards in 2005.",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Mabel's Saga is a Canadian animated short film, directed by JoDee Samuelson and released in 2003. The film presents the story of Mabel, a middle-aged woman facing menopause who draws the strength to get through the challenges in her life by imagining herself as the heroine of Viking sagas. | 2023-12-16T21:52:18Z | 2023-12-16T23:17:34Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mabel%27s_Saga |
75,581,029 | Druzhinin | Druzhinin is a surname of Russian origin. Notable people with this surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Druzhinin is a surname of Russian origin. Notable people with this surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Druzhinin is a surname of Russian origin. Notable people with this surname include: Alexander Druzhinin (1824–1864), Russian writer, translator, and magazine editor
Egor Druzhinin, Russian actor, director, and choreographer
Evgeny Druzhinin, Russian entrepreneur and public figure
Fyodor Druzhinin (1932–2007), Russian composer
Ilya Druzhinin, Russian swimmer
Petr Druzhinin, Russian-Israeli historian and author | 2023-12-16T21:57:58Z | 2023-12-16T21:57:58Z | [
"Template:Surname"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druzhinin |
75,581,035 | 1999 All-Atlantic Coast Conference football team | The 1999 All-Atlantic Coast Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various selectors for their All-Atlantic Coast Conference ("ACC") teams for the 1999 college football season. Selectors in 1999 included the Associated Press (AP).
AP = Associated Press | [
{
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"text": "The 1999 All-Atlantic Coast Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various selectors for their All-Atlantic Coast Conference (\"ACC\") teams for the 1999 college football season. Selectors in 1999 included the Associated Press (AP).",
"title": ""
},
{
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] | The 1999 All-Atlantic Coast Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various selectors for their All-Atlantic Coast Conference ("ACC") teams for the 1999 college football season. Selectors in 1999 included the Associated Press (AP). | 2023-12-16T21:58:42Z | 2023-12-16T21:58:42Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_All-Atlantic_Coast_Conference_football_team |
75,581,061 | Ian Wright (motorsport) | Ian Wright is a British engineer who has held positions in several Formula One teams.
Wright has worked for 30 years at the top level of motorsport complemented by 5 years in the aerospace industry.
In 1990, Wright became a part of McLaren team, where he played a pivotal role in vehicle performance simulation, toolset development for analysis, and competitor comparison. His contributions were instrumental in securing championships for McLaren in 1990 and 1991. Wright led the development of new analytical techniques that identified key vehicle performance development problems at McLaren in 1996 and 1997 and helped change the way vehicle performance was developed with the outcome of helping McLaren win the world championship in 1998.
Wright began working in Formula One in the late 1990s as an engineer for British American Racing, he remained with the team after it was acquired by Honda and renamed Honda Racing F1 Team in 2006 and then Brawn GP in 2009.
Wright became head of engineering software when Mercedes-Benz took control of the team. He left the Mercedes team in the summer of 2014 to take up a role outside of Formula 1 in the United States.
In early July 2017, it was announced that Sauber had hired Wright, who had already started working at the team as its new head of performance, as a new reinforcement for the remainder of the 2017 Formula 1 season. He remained with the team after it rebranded to Alfa Romeo Racing in 2019 as head of vehicle science. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ian Wright is a British engineer who has held positions in several Formula One teams.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Wright has worked for 30 years at the top level of motorsport complemented by 5 years in the aerospace industry.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1990, Wright became a part of McLaren team, where he played a pivotal role in vehicle performance simulation, toolset development for analysis, and competitor comparison. His contributions were instrumental in securing championships for McLaren in 1990 and 1991. Wright led the development of new analytical techniques that identified key vehicle performance development problems at McLaren in 1996 and 1997 and helped change the way vehicle performance was developed with the outcome of helping McLaren win the world championship in 1998.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Wright began working in Formula One in the late 1990s as an engineer for British American Racing, he remained with the team after it was acquired by Honda and renamed Honda Racing F1 Team in 2006 and then Brawn GP in 2009.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Wright became head of engineering software when Mercedes-Benz took control of the team. He left the Mercedes team in the summer of 2014 to take up a role outside of Formula 1 in the United States.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In early July 2017, it was announced that Sauber had hired Wright, who had already started working at the team as its new head of performance, as a new reinforcement for the remainder of the 2017 Formula 1 season. He remained with the team after it rebranded to Alfa Romeo Racing in 2019 as head of vehicle science.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Ian Wright is a British engineer who has held positions in several Formula One teams. | 2023-12-16T22:03:08Z | 2023-12-20T06:46:40Z | [
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75,581,099 | Dragonesque brooch | The dragonesque brooch is a distinctive type of Romano-British brooch made in Roman Britain between about 75 and 175 AD. They have been found in graves and elsewhere, in recent years especially by metal-detectors, and were evidently a fairly affordable style; over 200 examples are now known. The name comes from a supposed resemblance to a dragon, but Catherine Johns suggests that if any real animal was intended to be represented, the hare may be the most likely candidate.
They have the form of a double-headed animal with a thin, flat "S"-shaped body, with a head at each end, "large upstanding ears, and a curled snout", and a pin allowing them to be used for fastening clothes. The back is normally plain. They are typically about 50 mm (2 in) long. They are in cast bronze (or at least a copper alloy), and about two-thirds feature decoration in vitreous enamel, now often mostly fallen away, which was a speciality of the pre-conquest Celtic art of Britain. In terms of style, they are regarded as Celtic rather than Roman or classical; they "express the continuing Celtic aesthetic in the provincial Roman mileu", despite being "Roman products that did not exist in the Celtic Iron Age" before the conquest.
They are sometimes found in pairs, but with both examples facing in the same direction, saving the need for a different mould but at the expense of symmetry. These were probably worn below the shoulders, perhaps mostly by women, and perhaps connected by a chain or cord. The thickness of the pins, often square in section, suggests they were used to fasten clothing in thick, loosely-woven textiles; finer materials would have been damaged.
Most are found incomplete, especially in the pins, where only the circle attachment may remain, or part of the shaft, or nothing. The enamel has very often fallen out, in whole or in part. Many bodies have broken into two or more pieces. Their original appearance would have been much brighter, the metal probably kept polished. The style is "ever-popular on the antiquities market", and often copied in modern craft jewellery.
Most examples have been found in the "military districts" or frontier region of what is now northern England, with (in 2012) over 75% of known examples from north of a line joining the rivers Severn and Humber. Some have come from modern Scotland, especially six from Trapain Law and some from Edinburgh, both north of Hadrian's Wall but south of the Antonine Wall, so briefly in Roman control during this period. The military base of Coria (Corbridge) in Northumberland has produced a number of finds. The northern area where they are found, called Brigantia, was then the home of Britain's largest tribal confederation, the Brigantes, and some writers have connected them to the manufacture of the brooches, even attempting more precise localization.
It has been suggested that enamel was more popular with the military, with finds from non-military sites, rural and probably "native", less likely to have it. Like other popular styles of brooch, they may have made by itinerant jewellers, or by fixed workshops with distribution and sales by others; or by a combination of these.
Other types of Romano-British brooch with Celtic stylistic elements were popular in military contexts in the frontier area; the Staffordshire Moorlands Pan is the best survival of a small group of larger trullae with Celtic-style enamel, and the names of forts on Hadrian's Wall in Latin, presumed to be soldiers' souvenirs.
A few examples of the dragonesque brooch found in continental Europe are thought to have been carried there from Britain by their owners.
Although the essential design remains constant, there are a variety of treatments, and schemes of classification have been made, some based on the enamel decoration, others on the metal shape.
The champleve enamel decoration includes the full range of colours known at the time (more than in pre-conquest Celtic work), and the ornamental style is essentially Roman, with squares and lozenge shapes prominent.
The brooches can be seen as part of wider changes in the Iron Age or Early Celtic art of Britain after the conquest. Large pieces of elite metalwork, with superb technical and artistic skill, like the gold Great Torc from Snettisham of about 70 BC, are no longer found. Instead there is a variety of much smaller pieces with "Celtic" decoration, above all brooches of several types, but also horse harness fittings, belt fittings, hair-pins, box and vessel mounts and handles, and the like, normally in bronze. These show a range of levels of technical skill and artistry. Some of these, including brooches, are traditional types of objects from the Iron Age, while others are new Roman forms. Dismissed as "trinkets" by some earlier historians, this group have received increased attention over recent decades. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The dragonesque brooch is a distinctive type of Romano-British brooch made in Roman Britain between about 75 and 175 AD. They have been found in graves and elsewhere, in recent years especially by metal-detectors, and were evidently a fairly affordable style; over 200 examples are now known. The name comes from a supposed resemblance to a dragon, but Catherine Johns suggests that if any real animal was intended to be represented, the hare may be the most likely candidate.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "They have the form of a double-headed animal with a thin, flat \"S\"-shaped body, with a head at each end, \"large upstanding ears, and a curled snout\", and a pin allowing them to be used for fastening clothes. The back is normally plain. They are typically about 50 mm (2 in) long. They are in cast bronze (or at least a copper alloy), and about two-thirds feature decoration in vitreous enamel, now often mostly fallen away, which was a speciality of the pre-conquest Celtic art of Britain. In terms of style, they are regarded as Celtic rather than Roman or classical; they \"express the continuing Celtic aesthetic in the provincial Roman mileu\", despite being \"Roman products that did not exist in the Celtic Iron Age\" before the conquest.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "They are sometimes found in pairs, but with both examples facing in the same direction, saving the need for a different mould but at the expense of symmetry. These were probably worn below the shoulders, perhaps mostly by women, and perhaps connected by a chain or cord. The thickness of the pins, often square in section, suggests they were used to fasten clothing in thick, loosely-woven textiles; finer materials would have been damaged.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Most are found incomplete, especially in the pins, where only the circle attachment may remain, or part of the shaft, or nothing. The enamel has very often fallen out, in whole or in part. Many bodies have broken into two or more pieces. Their original appearance would have been much brighter, the metal probably kept polished. The style is \"ever-popular on the antiquities market\", and often copied in modern craft jewellery.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Most examples have been found in the \"military districts\" or frontier region of what is now northern England, with (in 2012) over 75% of known examples from north of a line joining the rivers Severn and Humber. Some have come from modern Scotland, especially six from Trapain Law and some from Edinburgh, both north of Hadrian's Wall but south of the Antonine Wall, so briefly in Roman control during this period. The military base of Coria (Corbridge) in Northumberland has produced a number of finds. The northern area where they are found, called Brigantia, was then the home of Britain's largest tribal confederation, the Brigantes, and some writers have connected them to the manufacture of the brooches, even attempting more precise localization.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "It has been suggested that enamel was more popular with the military, with finds from non-military sites, rural and probably \"native\", less likely to have it. Like other popular styles of brooch, they may have made by itinerant jewellers, or by fixed workshops with distribution and sales by others; or by a combination of these.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Other types of Romano-British brooch with Celtic stylistic elements were popular in military contexts in the frontier area; the Staffordshire Moorlands Pan is the best survival of a small group of larger trullae with Celtic-style enamel, and the names of forts on Hadrian's Wall in Latin, presumed to be soldiers' souvenirs.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "A few examples of the dragonesque brooch found in continental Europe are thought to have been carried there from Britain by their owners.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Although the essential design remains constant, there are a variety of treatments, and schemes of classification have been made, some based on the enamel decoration, others on the metal shape.",
"title": "Classification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The champleve enamel decoration includes the full range of colours known at the time (more than in pre-conquest Celtic work), and the ornamental style is essentially Roman, with squares and lozenge shapes prominent.",
"title": "Classification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The brooches can be seen as part of wider changes in the Iron Age or Early Celtic art of Britain after the conquest. Large pieces of elite metalwork, with superb technical and artistic skill, like the gold Great Torc from Snettisham of about 70 BC, are no longer found. Instead there is a variety of much smaller pieces with \"Celtic\" decoration, above all brooches of several types, but also horse harness fittings, belt fittings, hair-pins, box and vessel mounts and handles, and the like, normally in bronze. These show a range of levels of technical skill and artistry. Some of these, including brooches, are traditional types of objects from the Iron Age, while others are new Roman forms. Dismissed as \"trinkets\" by some earlier historians, this group have received increased attention over recent decades.",
"title": "Context"
}
] | The dragonesque brooch is a distinctive type of Romano-British brooch made in Roman Britain between about 75 and 175 AD. They have been found in graves and elsewhere, in recent years especially by metal-detectors, and were evidently a fairly affordable style; over 200 examples are now known. The name comes from a supposed resemblance to a dragon, but Catherine Johns suggests that if any real animal was intended to be represented, the hare may be the most likely candidate. They have the form of a double-headed animal with a thin, flat "S"-shaped body, with a head at each end, "large upstanding ears, and a curled snout", and a pin allowing them to be used for fastening clothes. The back is normally plain. They are typically about 50 mm long. They are in cast bronze, and about two-thirds feature decoration in vitreous enamel, now often mostly fallen away, which was a speciality of the pre-conquest Celtic art of Britain. In terms of style, they are regarded as Celtic rather than Roman or classical; they "express the continuing Celtic aesthetic in the provincial Roman mileu", despite being "Roman products that did not exist in the Celtic Iron Age" before the conquest. They are sometimes found in pairs, but with both examples facing in the same direction, saving the need for a different mould but at the expense of symmetry. These were probably worn below the shoulders, perhaps mostly by women, and perhaps connected by a chain or cord. The thickness of the pins, often square in section, suggests they were used to fasten clothing in thick, loosely-woven textiles; finer materials would have been damaged. Most are found incomplete, especially in the pins, where only the circle attachment may remain, or part of the shaft, or nothing. The enamel has very often fallen out, in whole or in part. Many bodies have broken into two or more pieces. Their original appearance would have been much brighter, the metal probably kept polished. The style is "ever-popular on the antiquities market", and often copied in modern craft jewellery. | 2023-12-16T22:09:18Z | 2023-12-26T20:43:56Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Commons category"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragonesque_brooch |
75,581,162 | Telluro-silver glance | Telluro-silver glance (German: telluriumsilberglanz, tellursilberglanz) — is a trivial name given by miners, miners, geologists and other professions to at least two ore mineralsrare ore minerals, tellurides of silver. It may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Telluro-silver glance (German: telluriumsilberglanz, tellursilberglanz) — is a trivial name given by miners, miners, geologists and other professions to at least two ore mineralsrare ore minerals, tellurides of silver. It may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Telluro-silver glance — is a trivial name given by miners, miners, geologists and other professions to at least two ore mineralsrare ore minerals, tellurides of silver. It may refer to: Telluric silver glance — hessite, a rare ore mineral, telluric silver. Discovered in 1829, in the mines of Western Altai.
Telluride silver glance — is sylvanite, a rare ore mineral mixed with gold and silver telluride, first discovered in Transylvania.
Telluric silver glance — petzite, a rare ore mineral close to hessite; silver and gold telluride. | 2023-12-16T22:22:10Z | 2023-12-25T14:07:51Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telluro-silver_glance |
75,581,165 | 13th AACTA International Awards | The 13th Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts International Awards, commonly known as the AACTA International Awards, is presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA), a non-profit organisation whose aim is to identify, award, promote and celebrate Australia's greatest achievements in film and television. Awards will be handed out for the best films of 2023, regardless of the country of origin, and are the international counterpart to the awards for Australian films. Winners will be announced on 4 February 2024.
Nominations were announced on 14 December 2023, with Oppenheimer leading with six. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 13th Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts International Awards, commonly known as the AACTA International Awards, is presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA), a non-profit organisation whose aim is to identify, award, promote and celebrate Australia's greatest achievements in film and television. Awards will be handed out for the best films of 2023, regardless of the country of origin, and are the international counterpart to the awards for Australian films. Winners will be announced on 4 February 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Nominations were announced on 14 December 2023, with Oppenheimer leading with six.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 13th Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts International Awards, commonly known as the AACTA International Awards, is presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA), a non-profit organisation whose aim is to identify, award, promote and celebrate Australia's greatest achievements in film and television. Awards will be handed out for the best films of 2023, regardless of the country of origin, and are the international counterpart to the awards for Australian films. Winners will be announced on 4 February 2024. Nominations were announced on 14 December 2023, with Oppenheimer leading with six. | 2023-12-16T22:22:23Z | 2023-12-26T23:23:00Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_AACTA_International_Awards |
75,581,178 | List of awards and nominations received by Dottie West | American country singer and songwriter Dottie West has been awarded during her lifetime and posthumously. Among her first accolades was from the Grammy Awards in 1965 when she won the accolade for Best Female Country Vocal Performance. West was subsequently nominated by the Grammy's 15 more times through 1982. This included six more nominations for Best Female Country Vocal Performance and four nominations for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. She also received various nominations from Billboard, Cashbox and Record World magazines. This included three during the 1970s from Billboard.
West has been awarded for her work as a songwriter. This included being given the 1974 Clio award for "Country Sunshine", a song that she wrote originally as a commercial. For her work with Kenny Rogers, West was nominated for a series of accolades by several associations. In 1978 and 1979, the pair won two back-to-back Vocal Group of the Year|Vocal Duo of the Year awards from the Country Music Association. West was also given other honors. This included a membership to the Grand Ole Opry in 1964 and induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in 2018. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "American country singer and songwriter Dottie West has been awarded during her lifetime and posthumously. Among her first accolades was from the Grammy Awards in 1965 when she won the accolade for Best Female Country Vocal Performance. West was subsequently nominated by the Grammy's 15 more times through 1982. This included six more nominations for Best Female Country Vocal Performance and four nominations for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. She also received various nominations from Billboard, Cashbox and Record World magazines. This included three during the 1970s from Billboard.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "West has been awarded for her work as a songwriter. This included being given the 1974 Clio award for \"Country Sunshine\", a song that she wrote originally as a commercial. For her work with Kenny Rogers, West was nominated for a series of accolades by several associations. In 1978 and 1979, the pair won two back-to-back Vocal Group of the Year|Vocal Duo of the Year awards from the Country Music Association. West was also given other honors. This included a membership to the Grand Ole Opry in 1964 and induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in 2018.",
"title": ""
}
] | American country singer and songwriter Dottie West has been awarded during her lifetime and posthumously. Among her first accolades was from the Grammy Awards in 1965 when she won the accolade for Best Female Country Vocal Performance. West was subsequently nominated by the Grammy's 15 more times through 1982. This included six more nominations for Best Female Country Vocal Performance and four nominations for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. She also received various nominations from Billboard, Cashbox and Record World magazines. This included three during the 1970s from Billboard. West has been awarded for her work as a songwriter. This included being given the 1974 Clio award for "Country Sunshine", a song that she wrote originally as a commercial. For her work with Kenny Rogers, West was nominated for a series of accolades by several associations. In 1978 and 1979, the pair won two back-to-back Vocal Group of the Year|Vocal Duo of the Year awards from the Country Music Association. West was also given other honors. This included a membership to the Grand Ole Opry in 1964 and induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in 2018. | 2023-12-16T22:24:46Z | 2023-12-30T22:03:00Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Dottie_West |
75,581,218 | Dylan Graves | Dylan Graves is an American artist and curator from Cincinnati, Ohio known for his photographs, digital collage, and print techniques such as chromogenic and lenticular printing. Graves has exhibited work across the United States, including at the Cincinnati Art Museum.
Graves studied at the Savannah College of Art and Design. In 2020 when some of his in-person exhibitions were canceled, he explored online ways of releasing new work. Graves has also participated in Non-fungible token (NFT) projects with other artists.
As a freelance artist, Graves has completed work for clients including the Cincinnati Bengals, FC Cincinnati, and Desiigner. | [
{
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"text": "Dylan Graves is an American artist and curator from Cincinnati, Ohio known for his photographs, digital collage, and print techniques such as chromogenic and lenticular printing. Graves has exhibited work across the United States, including at the Cincinnati Art Museum.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Graves studied at the Savannah College of Art and Design. In 2020 when some of his in-person exhibitions were canceled, he explored online ways of releasing new work. Graves has also participated in Non-fungible token (NFT) projects with other artists.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "As a freelance artist, Graves has completed work for clients including the Cincinnati Bengals, FC Cincinnati, and Desiigner.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Dylan Graves is an American artist and curator from Cincinnati, Ohio known for his photographs, digital collage, and print techniques such as chromogenic and lenticular printing. Graves has exhibited work across the United States, including at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Graves studied at the Savannah College of Art and Design. In 2020 when some of his in-person exhibitions were canceled, he explored online ways of releasing new work. Graves has also participated in Non-fungible token (NFT) projects with other artists. As a freelance artist, Graves has completed work for clients including the Cincinnati Bengals, FC Cincinnati, and Desiigner. | 2023-12-16T22:30:26Z | 2023-12-18T18:13:15Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dylan_Graves |
75,581,242 | Here and There (2006 film) | Here and There (French: Ici par ici) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Diane Obomsawin and released in 2006. The film is a portrait of Obomsawin's own childhood experiences growing up in both Canada and France.
The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 28th Genie Awards, and a Jutra Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 9th Jutra Awards. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Here and There (French: Ici par ici) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Diane Obomsawin and released in 2006. The film is a portrait of Obomsawin's own childhood experiences growing up in both Canada and France.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 28th Genie Awards, and a Jutra Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 9th Jutra Awards.",
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"title": "External links"
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] | Here and There is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Diane Obomsawin and released in 2006. The film is a portrait of Obomsawin's own childhood experiences growing up in both Canada and France. The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 28th Genie Awards, and a Jutra Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 9th Jutra Awards. | 2023-12-16T22:34:11Z | 2023-12-16T23:12:01Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_and_There_(2006_film) |
75,581,243 | Lady in the Lake (book) | Lady in the Lake is a 2019 novel by Laura Lippman, published by William Morrow and Company. It was adapted by Alma Har'el into the upcoming television series of the same name on Apple TV+.
Lippman was inspired to write the book by real life two, unrelated deaths which occurred in 1969; the murder of 11-year-old Esther Lebowitz and the mysterious death of Shirley Parker, a 33 year old black woman. Lippman first learned about the latter death, which was underreported, while working at the The Baltimore Sun.
A bored Jewish housewife leaves her husband and moves to downtown Baltimore to become an investigative reporter. She soon begins unraveling the mystery behind the murder of a black bartender and a young Jewish girl. The book deals with themes of racism and misogyny in the 1960s United States.
Author Stephen King gave the novel a positive review in the The New York Times, calling it "extraordinary", and praising the novel's use of twists and characterization. Kirkus Reviews gave the book a starred review and called it "a stylish, sexy, suspenseful period drama about a newsroom and the city it covers." It also received a starred review from Publishers Weekly, which wrote that it "captures the era’s zeitgeist while painting a striking portrait of unapologetic female ambition." Clémence Michallon of The Independent praised the novel's characters and realistic portrayal of 1960s Baltimore.
The book is being adapted into the Apple TV+ series Lady in the Lake, starring Natalie Portman and Moses Ingram. | [
{
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},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lippman was inspired to write the book by real life two, unrelated deaths which occurred in 1969; the murder of 11-year-old Esther Lebowitz and the mysterious death of Shirley Parker, a 33 year old black woman. Lippman first learned about the latter death, which was underreported, while working at the The Baltimore Sun.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A bored Jewish housewife leaves her husband and moves to downtown Baltimore to become an investigative reporter. She soon begins unraveling the mystery behind the murder of a black bartender and a young Jewish girl. The book deals with themes of racism and misogyny in the 1960s United States.",
"title": "Premise"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Author Stephen King gave the novel a positive review in the The New York Times, calling it \"extraordinary\", and praising the novel's use of twists and characterization. Kirkus Reviews gave the book a starred review and called it \"a stylish, sexy, suspenseful period drama about a newsroom and the city it covers.\" It also received a starred review from Publishers Weekly, which wrote that it \"captures the era’s zeitgeist while painting a striking portrait of unapologetic female ambition.\" Clémence Michallon of The Independent praised the novel's characters and realistic portrayal of 1960s Baltimore.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The book is being adapted into the Apple TV+ series Lady in the Lake, starring Natalie Portman and Moses Ingram.",
"title": "Adaptation"
}
] | Lady in the Lake is a 2019 novel by Laura Lippman, published by William Morrow and Company. It was adapted by Alma Har'el into the upcoming television series of the same name on Apple TV+. | 2023-12-16T22:34:15Z | 2023-12-31T11:03:59Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_in_the_Lake_(book) |
75,581,250 | Mushfiq Mammadli | Müşfiq Məmmədli Fazil Oğlu ( 1 August 1972, Sumgayit) is a deputy of the 6th convocation of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
He is married and has three children.
He is a member of the New Azerbaijan Party.
He is the chairman of the Azerbaijan-Brazil interparliamentary relations working group.
MP's Instagram account İnstagram.com
MP's Facebook account Facebook.com
Statement made by the deputy on the official website of the new Azerbaijani partyYeniazerbaycan.com
Deputy Mushfiq Mammadli's speech on the News websiteAzertag.az
Interview of Member of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan Mushfiq Mammadli to report.az information agencyReport.az | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Müşfiq Məmmədli Fazil Oğlu ( 1 August 1972, Sumgayit) is a deputy of the 6th convocation of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan.",
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},
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"title": "References"
},
{
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"text": "MP's Instagram account İnstagram.com",
"title": "External links"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "MP's Facebook account Facebook.com",
"title": "External links"
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"text": "Statement made by the deputy on the official website of the new Azerbaijani partyYeniazerbaycan.com",
"title": "External links"
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"text": "Deputy Mushfiq Mammadli's speech on the News websiteAzertag.az",
"title": "External links"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Interview of Member of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan Mushfiq Mammadli to report.az information agencyReport.az",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Müşfiq Məmmədli Fazil Oğlu is a deputy of the 6th convocation of the National Assembly of the Republic of Azerbaijan. | 2023-12-16T22:35:07Z | 2023-12-17T05:59:21Z | [
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushfiq_Mammadli |
75,581,268 | 1918 Copa Jockey Club final | The 1918 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 12th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, played at the Porteño Stadium in Palermo, Porteño defeated River Plate 2–1 to win their second Copa de Competencia trophy.
The 1918 edition was contested by 44 clubs, 42 within Buenos Aires Province and 2 from Liga Rosarina de Football. Porteño started in the group of 32, where they eliminated Hispano Argentino 2–1, then beating Tigre 6–1 (at C.A. Atlanta Stadium). In the round of 8, they defeated Huracán 5–2 in extra time. In quarter and semifinal, Porteño finally eliminated River Plate and Rosario A.C. respectively, to earn their place in the final.
On the other hand, River Plate won all their matches by the same score, 1–0, eliminating (in order): Progresista, San Isidro, arch-rival Boca Juniors, Estudiantes de La Plata, and Gimnasia y Esgrima de Rosario in semifinal earning their right to play the final. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1918 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 12th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, played at the Porteño Stadium in Palermo, Porteño defeated River Plate 2–1 to win their second Copa de Competencia trophy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The 1918 edition was contested by 44 clubs, 42 within Buenos Aires Province and 2 from Liga Rosarina de Football. Porteño started in the group of 32, where they eliminated Hispano Argentino 2–1, then beating Tigre 6–1 (at C.A. Atlanta Stadium). In the round of 8, they defeated Huracán 5–2 in extra time. In quarter and semifinal, Porteño finally eliminated River Plate and Rosario A.C. respectively, to earn their place in the final.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On the other hand, River Plate won all their matches by the same score, 1–0, eliminating (in order): Progresista, San Isidro, arch-rival Boca Juniors, Estudiantes de La Plata, and Gimnasia y Esgrima de Rosario in semifinal earning their right to play the final.",
"title": "Overview"
}
] | The 1918 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 12th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, played at the Porteño Stadium in Palermo, Porteño defeated River Plate 2–1 to win their second Copa de Competencia trophy. | 2023-12-16T22:37:56Z | 2023-12-16T22:37:56Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1918_Copa_Jockey_Club_final |
75,581,273 | Darija Pavlovičová | Darija Pavlovičová (born 19 November 2001) is a Czech actress. She starred in 2021 Czech television series Kukačky and Zločiny Velké Prahy.
She was born in Prague to parents of Belarusian, Russian and Lithuanian origin. She studied acting at the Prague Conservatory. In December 2023, she won the 12th season of Czech dancing reality TV show StarDance with her professional partner Dominik Vodička. | [
{
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"text": "Darija Pavlovičová (born 19 November 2001) is a Czech actress. She starred in 2021 Czech television series Kukačky and Zločiny Velké Prahy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She was born in Prague to parents of Belarusian, Russian and Lithuanian origin. She studied acting at the Prague Conservatory. In December 2023, she won the 12th season of Czech dancing reality TV show StarDance with her professional partner Dominik Vodička.",
"title": ""
}
] | Darija Pavlovičová is a Czech actress. She starred in 2021 Czech television series Kukačky and Zločiny Velké Prahy. She was born in Prague to parents of Belarusian, Russian and Lithuanian origin. She studied acting at the Prague Conservatory. In December 2023, she won the 12th season of Czech dancing reality TV show StarDance with her professional partner Dominik Vodička. | 2023-12-16T22:38:29Z | 2024-01-01T01:29:44Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darija_Pavlovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A1 |
75,581,291 | Randy Ady Prasetya | Randy Ady Prasetya (born 31 October 1999), is an Indonesian professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Satya Wacana Saints club of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He plays the center position standing in 2.02 m (6 ft 7+1⁄2 in).
Was drafted in the recommended round of the 2021 IBL Draft. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Randy Ady Prasetya (born 31 October 1999), is an Indonesian professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Satya Wacana Saints club of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He plays the center position standing in 2.02 m (6 ft 7+1⁄2 in).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Was drafted in the recommended round of the 2021 IBL Draft.",
"title": ""
}
] | Randy Ady Prasetya, is an Indonesian professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Satya Wacana Saints club of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He plays the center position standing in 2.02 m. Was drafted in the recommended round of the 2021 IBL Draft. | 2023-12-16T22:40:59Z | 2023-12-28T11:55:12Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Ady_Prasetya |
75,581,300 | Johnny Dee | Johnny Dee may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Johnny Dee may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Johnny Dee may refer to: Johnny Dee, a fictional mutant character
Johnny Dee (basketball), American basketball player
Johnny Dee (musician), American heavy metal drummer | 2023-12-16T22:42:31Z | 2023-12-16T22:44:31Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Dee |
75,581,307 | Summer Streets | Summer Streets is an annual event organized during the month of August in the streets of New York City since 2008. During the mornings of the first three Saturdays in August, 20 miles (32.2 km) of streets are closed to traffic for walkers, runners and cyclists, including Park Avenue and Lafayette Street in Manhattan between 109th Street and Brooklyn Bridge. The event attracted 300,000 people in 2022.
The idea of the Summer Street program came in 2008 from commissioner of New York City Department of Transportation Janette Sadik-Khan under the mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg, as part of a broader plan to reduce car traffic and encourage walking and biking as a mode of transportation in New York City. The concept was inspired by a similar program called Ciclovía in Bogotá, Colombia, which has existed since 1974 and consists of the closure of 70 miles of streets for biking, walking and even dancing.
The initiative consisted as the creation of a car-free zone in the island on Manhattan on three Saturday mornings: August 9, 16 and 23. The car-free route stretched for 6.9 miles (11.1 km), including Park Avenue and Lafayette Street between 72nd Street and Brooklyn Bridge. The zone was open to walkers, cyclists and even yoga classes. The program, which cost around $300,000 per day, was supposed to be an experiment. This first edition was attended by 50,000 people each Saturdays.
The program was renewed in 2009 on August 8, 15 and 22. The city rented out 150 orange bicycles from the Dutch government and made them available along the course. Some small portions of streets in other boroughs were closed as part of the initiative.
In 2013, the city decided to include the Park Avenue Tunnel to the Summer Streets program, a tunnel between 33rd and 40th Streets that has been closed to pedestrians since the 1930s. An interactive art show by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer called "Voice Tunnel" was installed, allowing participants to deliver short messages into a silver intercom in the middle of the tunnel, the messages being them echoing in the tunnel.
The following year, an interactive installation by Norwegian artist Jana Winderen was installed in the tunnel as part as the Summer Streets program. The installation, called "Dive," intended to immerse pedestrians in an undersea ambiance, and included sounds of waves, clicking fish and boats.
A set of 50 vinyl-on-aluminum signs by artist Ryan McGinness was installed on traffic lights and sign posts along the route of the Summer Streets program. The signs looked like official red-and-black transportation signs, but instead displayed elements such as unicorns, sea monsters or other abstract patterns. 40 of the 50 signs were stolen after three days.
In 2015, mural artist Stephen Powers was commissioned by the city to create an art installation to promote sustainable transportation. The artist hand-painted 30 different signs that were fixed along the route of the event. Despite being installed at 7-feet high to prevent art theft like the previous year, as of August 6 most of the signs had been stolen.
The event was canceled in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City but returned in 2021. In 2022, in its biggest extension since its inception in 2008, the route extended north to East Harlem, including a 2-mile portion of Park Avenue between 72nd Street and 109th Street.
In 2023, the program expanded to the five boroughs for a total of 20 miles (32.2 km) of car-free zone, including the closure of Vernon Boulevard in Queens, Richmond Terrace in Staten Island, and Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn.
From 2008 to 2022, the route of the program ran only in Manhattan from 72nd Street to Brooklyn Bridge along Centre Street, Lafayette Street, Fourth Avenue and Park Avenue. The southern half of 72nd Street from Park Avenue to Fifth Avenue was also shut down to link the route to Central Park. In 2013 and 2014, the Park Avenue Tunnel was included to the route.
By 2022, the route extended north of 72nd Street up to 109th Street in East Harlem. In 2023, the program expanded to 20 miles (32.2 km) across all five boroughs. Beside the Manhattan route, the closed streets include Vernon Boulevard in Queens, Richmond Terrace in Staten Island, and Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Summer Streets is an annual event organized during the month of August in the streets of New York City since 2008. During the mornings of the first three Saturdays in August, 20 miles (32.2 km) of streets are closed to traffic for walkers, runners and cyclists, including Park Avenue and Lafayette Street in Manhattan between 109th Street and Brooklyn Bridge. The event attracted 300,000 people in 2022.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The initiative consisted as the creation of a car-free zone in the island on Manhattan on three Saturday mornings: August 9, 16 and 23. The car-free route stretched for 6.9 miles (11.1 km), including Park Avenue and Lafayette Street between 72nd Street and Brooklyn Bridge. The zone was open to walkers, cyclists and even yoga classes. The program, which cost around $300,000 per day, was supposed to be an experiment. This first edition was attended by 50,000 people each Saturdays.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The program was renewed in 2009 on August 8, 15 and 22. The city rented out 150 orange bicycles from the Dutch government and made them available along the course. Some small portions of streets in other boroughs were closed as part of the initiative.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2013, the city decided to include the Park Avenue Tunnel to the Summer Streets program, a tunnel between 33rd and 40th Streets that has been closed to pedestrians since the 1930s. An interactive art show by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer called \"Voice Tunnel\" was installed, allowing participants to deliver short messages into a silver intercom in the middle of the tunnel, the messages being them echoing in the tunnel.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The following year, an interactive installation by Norwegian artist Jana Winderen was installed in the tunnel as part as the Summer Streets program. The installation, called \"Dive,\" intended to immerse pedestrians in an undersea ambiance, and included sounds of waves, clicking fish and boats.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "A set of 50 vinyl-on-aluminum signs by artist Ryan McGinness was installed on traffic lights and sign posts along the route of the Summer Streets program. The signs looked like official red-and-black transportation signs, but instead displayed elements such as unicorns, sea monsters or other abstract patterns. 40 of the 50 signs were stolen after three days.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 2015, mural artist Stephen Powers was commissioned by the city to create an art installation to promote sustainable transportation. The artist hand-painted 30 different signs that were fixed along the route of the event. Despite being installed at 7-feet high to prevent art theft like the previous year, as of August 6 most of the signs had been stolen.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The event was canceled in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City but returned in 2021. In 2022, in its biggest extension since its inception in 2008, the route extended north to East Harlem, including a 2-mile portion of Park Avenue between 72nd Street and 109th Street.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In 2023, the program expanded to the five boroughs for a total of 20 miles (32.2 km) of car-free zone, including the closure of Vernon Boulevard in Queens, Richmond Terrace in Staten Island, and Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "From 2008 to 2022, the route of the program ran only in Manhattan from 72nd Street to Brooklyn Bridge along Centre Street, Lafayette Street, Fourth Avenue and Park Avenue. The southern half of 72nd Street from Park Avenue to Fifth Avenue was also shut down to link the route to Central Park. In 2013 and 2014, the Park Avenue Tunnel was included to the route.",
"title": "Route"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "By 2022, the route extended north of 72nd Street up to 109th Street in East Harlem. In 2023, the program expanded to 20 miles (32.2 km) across all five boroughs. Beside the Manhattan route, the closed streets include Vernon Boulevard in Queens, Richmond Terrace in Staten Island, and Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn.",
"title": "Route"
}
] | Summer Streets is an annual event organized during the month of August in the streets of New York City since 2008. During the mornings of the first three Saturdays in August, 20 miles (32.2 km) of streets are closed to traffic for walkers, runners and cyclists, including Park Avenue and Lafayette Street in Manhattan between 109th Street and Brooklyn Bridge. The event attracted 300,000 people in 2022. | 2023-12-16T22:43:28Z | 2023-12-29T23:35:01Z | [
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75,581,333 | Cope Mountain | Cope Mountain is a 2,496-foot-elevation (761-meter) summit in Alaska.
Cope Mountain is located nine miles (14 km) southwest of Kodiak on the northeast coast of Kodiak Island. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Sargent Creek thence Womens Bay. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,400 feet (732 meters) above Sargent Creek in approximately one mile (1.6 km) and the east face rises 1,700 feet (518 meters) in 0.4 miles (0.64 km). The mountain's name was applied in 1910 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey to honor Harry P. Cope, an Englishman who arrived in Kodiak from San Francisco in 1868. He was the first postmaster at Kodiak and was known locally as "Uncle Harry." The toponym was officially adopted in 1941 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Cope Mountain is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the North Pacific are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop to 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Cope Mountain is a 2,496-foot-elevation (761-meter) summit in Alaska.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Cope Mountain is located nine miles (14 km) southwest of Kodiak on the northeast coast of Kodiak Island. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Sargent Creek thence Womens Bay. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,400 feet (732 meters) above Sargent Creek in approximately one mile (1.6 km) and the east face rises 1,700 feet (518 meters) in 0.4 miles (0.64 km). The mountain's name was applied in 1910 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey to honor Harry P. Cope, an Englishman who arrived in Kodiak from San Francisco in 1868. He was the first postmaster at Kodiak and was known locally as \"Uncle Harry.\" The toponym was officially adopted in 1941 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "According to the Köppen climate classification system, Cope Mountain is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the North Pacific are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop to 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F.",
"title": "Climate"
}
] | Cope Mountain is a 2,496-foot-elevation (761-meter) summit in Alaska. | 2023-12-16T22:46:14Z | 2023-12-16T22:46:14Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cope_Mountain |
75,581,388 | Eduardo Ramos-Izquierdo | Eduardo Ramos-Izquierdo (born 1951, Mexico City) is a Mexican poet, novelist and academic. Since 1980, he has published several collections of poems, short stories and novellas. As a researcher, he has published essays and numerous articles. He is the theorist of the concept of Plural writing.
Born in Mexico City, Ramos-Izquierdo studied literature at the UNAM and at the University of Paris VIII. In 1977, he defended a master's thesis in Hispanic literature on the poetry of José Gorostiza under the supervision of Ramón Xirau. In 1981, he obtained his doctorate in Paris with a thesis on Octavio Paz and Mallarmé.
In parallel to his literary formation, Ramos-Izquierdo also studied music and science. Since his adolescence, he went on to study at the National Conservatory of Music in Mexico and then, in 1986, obtained a second doctorate in musicology from the University of Paris Sorbonne. In 1976, he completed his studies in mathematics at the Faculty of Sciences of the UNAM with a thesis on the axiomatic system. This double experience, both musical and scientific, had a strong impact on his literary creation and contributes to the singularity of his work.
Travel was another key formative element for Ramos-Izquierdo. In 1975, he made a first stay in London, England, which he used to visit part of Europe. Two years later, in November 1977, Ramos-Izquierdo settled permanently in France, from where he would accumulate more than fifty trips to countries in Europe, the East and Africa, which have nourished his culture and writing.
Ramos-Izquierdo cultivates poetic writing as well as prose. In 1981 and 1982, he published his first collections of poems, i² and 7, in which he proposed a poetics of number and metrical play, enunciated in his own language. Later, his poetic writing acquired an existential dimension, reduced to a discreet and personal sphere. It was not until 2005 that the collections of poems written during those two decades of silence were brought together in the volume En las orillas del tiempo. In 2010, five years later, the editorial Arcibel published a more complete edition of his poetic creation.
From the 2000s onwards, Ramos-Izquierdo's prose works also began to be published. Given his particular penchant for the short literary genre, Ramos-Izquierdo favoured short stories and novellas. In 2002, 2003 and 2006, three volumes of his prose fiction were published. In 2012, his second short novel, En la zona prohibida, was translated into Italian. In recent years, some of his new short stories and poetry have been published in literary magazines.
In parallel to his literary activity, Ramos-Izquierdo had a university career as a teacher and researcher. Since 1973 in Mexico, he has taught at the Faculties of Science and Philosophy and Letters of the UNAM. In France, he taught at the universities of Paris 8, Saint-Etienne, Limoges and Paris IV. From 2008 to 2020, he held the chair of Latin American Literature at Paris-IV Sorbonne. As a researcher, he has advised some twenty doctoral theses and published more than a hundred articles and essays. He has also been editor of various academic publications, such as the Adehl publishing house and the online journal Les Ateliers du SAL. In 2008, he began to theorize the concept of Plural writing. | [
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"text": "Eduardo Ramos-Izquierdo (born 1951, Mexico City) is a Mexican poet, novelist and academic. Since 1980, he has published several collections of poems, short stories and novellas. As a researcher, he has published essays and numerous articles. He is the theorist of the concept of Plural writing.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Born in Mexico City, Ramos-Izquierdo studied literature at the UNAM and at the University of Paris VIII. In 1977, he defended a master's thesis in Hispanic literature on the poetry of José Gorostiza under the supervision of Ramón Xirau. In 1981, he obtained his doctorate in Paris with a thesis on Octavio Paz and Mallarmé.",
"title": "Years of formation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In parallel to his literary formation, Ramos-Izquierdo also studied music and science. Since his adolescence, he went on to study at the National Conservatory of Music in Mexico and then, in 1986, obtained a second doctorate in musicology from the University of Paris Sorbonne. In 1976, he completed his studies in mathematics at the Faculty of Sciences of the UNAM with a thesis on the axiomatic system. This double experience, both musical and scientific, had a strong impact on his literary creation and contributes to the singularity of his work.",
"title": "Years of formation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Travel was another key formative element for Ramos-Izquierdo. In 1975, he made a first stay in London, England, which he used to visit part of Europe. Two years later, in November 1977, Ramos-Izquierdo settled permanently in France, from where he would accumulate more than fifty trips to countries in Europe, the East and Africa, which have nourished his culture and writing.",
"title": "Years of formation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Ramos-Izquierdo cultivates poetic writing as well as prose. In 1981 and 1982, he published his first collections of poems, i² and 7, in which he proposed a poetics of number and metrical play, enunciated in his own language. Later, his poetic writing acquired an existential dimension, reduced to a discreet and personal sphere. It was not until 2005 that the collections of poems written during those two decades of silence were brought together in the volume En las orillas del tiempo. In 2010, five years later, the editorial Arcibel published a more complete edition of his poetic creation.",
"title": "Literary activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "From the 2000s onwards, Ramos-Izquierdo's prose works also began to be published. Given his particular penchant for the short literary genre, Ramos-Izquierdo favoured short stories and novellas. In 2002, 2003 and 2006, three volumes of his prose fiction were published. In 2012, his second short novel, En la zona prohibida, was translated into Italian. In recent years, some of his new short stories and poetry have been published in literary magazines.",
"title": "Literary activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In parallel to his literary activity, Ramos-Izquierdo had a university career as a teacher and researcher. Since 1973 in Mexico, he has taught at the Faculties of Science and Philosophy and Letters of the UNAM. In France, he taught at the universities of Paris 8, Saint-Etienne, Limoges and Paris IV. From 2008 to 2020, he held the chair of Latin American Literature at Paris-IV Sorbonne. As a researcher, he has advised some twenty doctoral theses and published more than a hundred articles and essays. He has also been editor of various academic publications, such as the Adehl publishing house and the online journal Les Ateliers du SAL. In 2008, he began to theorize the concept of Plural writing.",
"title": "University work"
}
] | Eduardo Ramos-Izquierdo is a Mexican poet, novelist and academic. Since 1980, he has published several collections of poems, short stories and novellas. As a researcher, he has published essays and numerous articles. He is the theorist of the concept of Plural writing. | 2023-12-16T22:51:47Z | 2023-12-28T23:01:19Z | [
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"Template:Infobox writer",
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75,581,454 | Aven Ryan Pratama | Aven Ryan Pratama (born 14 June 2004), is an Indonesian professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Pacific Caesar Surabaya club of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL).
He has represented the Indonesia men's national under-18 basketball team at several occasions. | [
{
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"text": "Aven Ryan Pratama (born 14 June 2004), is an Indonesian professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Pacific Caesar Surabaya club of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL).",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "He has represented the Indonesia men's national under-18 basketball team at several occasions.",
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] | Aven Ryan Pratama, is an Indonesian professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Pacific Caesar Surabaya club of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He has represented the Indonesia men's national under-18 basketball team at several occasions. | 2023-12-16T23:02:20Z | 2023-12-20T03:12:46Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox basketball biography",
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aven_Ryan_Pratama |
75,581,456 | Jubilee medal "20th anniversary of the restoration of the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan" | The jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan "20th Anniversary of the restoration of state independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan" is the state award of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated October 1, 2012.
1. The jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan "20th Anniversary of the restoration of independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan" (hereinafter referred to as the medal) consists of a round plate with a diameter of 35 mm, cast from bronze and painted with gold water, with a narrow plate.
2. On the obverse of the medal, the text "20 years" is engraved inside a large eight-pointed star in the background of the map of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Eight small figures are reflected in the part between the corners of the star. The medal bears the phrase "20th Anniversary of the restoration of the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan".
3. The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface, and the text "20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE RESTORATION OF THE STATE INDEPENDENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN" is engraved in gold in the middle part, and the numbers "1991 ─ 2011" are engraved in the middle part. The series and number of the medal are engraved on the lower part, and the series and number of the medal are engraved on the upper part.
4. All text and images are in bold.
5. The medal is attached to a 37mm x 50mm rectangular ribbon containing a loop and a loop for fastening to the collar of the garment.
6. Blue, red and green horizontal stripes of the same size, representing the colors of the State flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan, lined up consecutively on the black stripe, and 1 mm wide golden vertical stripes are depicted on the edges. A 4 mm wide gold plate is glued to the top of the band.
7. The medal is fitted with a 37mm x 10mm die with an element for fixing it to the collar of the dress, facing the same black ribbon. | [
{
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"text": "The jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan \"20th Anniversary of the restoration of state independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan\" is the state award of the Republic of Azerbaijan.",
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"text": "Approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated October 1, 2012.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "1. The jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan \"20th Anniversary of the restoration of independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan\" (hereinafter referred to as the medal) consists of a round plate with a diameter of 35 mm, cast from bronze and painted with gold water, with a narrow plate.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "2. On the obverse of the medal, the text \"20 years\" is engraved inside a large eight-pointed star in the background of the map of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Eight small figures are reflected in the part between the corners of the star. The medal bears the phrase \"20th Anniversary of the restoration of the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan\".",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "3. The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface, and the text \"20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE RESTORATION OF THE STATE INDEPENDENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN\" is engraved in gold in the middle part, and the numbers \"1991 ─ 2011\" are engraved in the middle part. The series and number of the medal are engraved on the lower part, and the series and number of the medal are engraved on the upper part.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "4. All text and images are in bold.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "5. The medal is attached to a 37mm x 50mm rectangular ribbon containing a loop and a loop for fastening to the collar of the garment.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "6. Blue, red and green horizontal stripes of the same size, representing the colors of the State flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan, lined up consecutively on the black stripe, and 1 mm wide golden vertical stripes are depicted on the edges. A 4 mm wide gold plate is glued to the top of the band.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "7. The medal is fitted with a 37mm x 10mm die with an element for fixing it to the collar of the dress, facing the same black ribbon.",
"title": ""
}
] | The jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan "20th Anniversary of the restoration of state independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan" is the state award of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated October 1, 2012. 1. The jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan "20th Anniversary of the restoration of independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan" consists of a round plate with a diameter of 35 mm, cast from bronze and painted with gold water, with a narrow plate. 2. On the obverse of the medal, the text "20 years" is engraved inside a large eight-pointed star in the background of the map of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Eight small figures are reflected in the part between the corners of the star. The medal bears the phrase "20th Anniversary of the restoration of the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan". 3. The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface, and the text "20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE RESTORATION OF THE STATE INDEPENDENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN" is engraved in gold in the middle part, and the numbers "1991 ─ 2011" are engraved in the middle part. The series and number of the medal are engraved on the lower part, and the series and number of the medal are engraved on the upper part. 4. All text and images are in bold. 5. The medal is attached to a 37mm x 50mm rectangular ribbon containing a loop and a loop for fastening to the collar of the garment. 6. Blue, red and green horizontal stripes of the same size, representing the colors of the State flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan, lined up consecutively on the black stripe, and 1 mm wide golden vertical stripes are depicted on the edges. A 4 mm wide gold plate is glued to the top of the band. 7. The medal is fitted with a 37mm x 10mm die with an element for fixing it to the collar of the dress, facing the same black ribbon. | 2023-12-16T23:03:04Z | 2023-12-17T13:04:37Z | [
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jubilee_medal_%2220th_anniversary_of_the_restoration_of_the_independence_of_the_Republic_of_Azerbaijan%22 |
75,581,478 | Alistair Murdoch | Alistair Richard Murdoch (born 9 May 1967) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Murdoch, born in Sydney, was educated at the Shore School and played first-grade for Gordon.
A three-quarter, Murdoch earned his first Wallabies call up after a two-try man of the match performance to help the NSW Waratahs beat the visiting Springboks in 1993. For one of his tries, he ran 65 metres down the sideline, evading three Springbok defenders in the process. He subsequently made his Test debut in Bordeaux during that year's tour of France, playing on the left wing. His only other Wallabies cap came three years later, as a winger in a win over Wales at Ballymore, where he scored a late try.
Murdoch played rugby in England for Bedford, Exeter and Worcester.
A financial advisor by profession, Murdoch took up powerlifting after rugby and won three successive World Drug-Free Powerlifting Federation titles in the 110kg weight class. | [
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"text": "Alistair Richard Murdoch (born 9 May 1967) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Murdoch, born in Sydney, was educated at the Shore School and played first-grade for Gordon.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A three-quarter, Murdoch earned his first Wallabies call up after a two-try man of the match performance to help the NSW Waratahs beat the visiting Springboks in 1993. For one of his tries, he ran 65 metres down the sideline, evading three Springbok defenders in the process. He subsequently made his Test debut in Bordeaux during that year's tour of France, playing on the left wing. His only other Wallabies cap came three years later, as a winger in a win over Wales at Ballymore, where he scored a late try.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Murdoch played rugby in England for Bedford, Exeter and Worcester.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "A financial advisor by profession, Murdoch took up powerlifting after rugby and won three successive World Drug-Free Powerlifting Federation titles in the 110kg weight class.",
"title": ""
}
] | Alistair Richard Murdoch is an Australian former rugby union international. Murdoch, born in Sydney, was educated at the Shore School and played first-grade for Gordon. A three-quarter, Murdoch earned his first Wallabies call up after a two-try man of the match performance to help the NSW Waratahs beat the visiting Springboks in 1993. For one of his tries, he ran 65 metres down the sideline, evading three Springbok defenders in the process. He subsequently made his Test debut in Bordeaux during that year's tour of France, playing on the left wing. His only other Wallabies cap came three years later, as a winger in a win over Wales at Ballymore, where he scored a late try. Murdoch played rugby in England for Bedford, Exeter and Worcester. A financial advisor by profession, Murdoch took up powerlifting after rugby and won three successive World Drug-Free Powerlifting Federation titles in the 110kg weight class. | 2023-12-16T23:06:53Z | 2023-12-16T23:16:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alistair_Murdoch |
75,581,492 | Łazarek | Łazarek is a surname. Notable people with this surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Łazarek is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Łazarek is a surname. Notable people with this surname include: Grzegorz Łazarek, a Polish football midfielder player
Wojciech Łazarek, a Polish football manager and forward player | 2023-12-16T23:09:14Z | 2023-12-16T23:42:31Z | [
"Template:Surname"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81azarek |
75,581,501 | Steal the Night | [] | 2023-12-16T23:11:22Z | 2023-12-16T23:12:57Z | [
"Template:Redirect category shell"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steal_the_Night |
||
75,581,504 | Italian corvette Magenta | Magenta was a screw corvette, originally of the Tuscan Navy, which was later incorporated into the Italian Regia Marina during the unification of Italy. The ship was built in the late 1850s and early 1860s; by the time she was completed, Italy had unified and so she only served in the Regia Marina. She made a circumnavigation of the globe, which lasted from 1865 to 1868, making her the first Italian vessel to do so. The voyage included diplomatic missions to China and Japan, along with scientific explorations and surveys. She saw little service thereafter, and was laid up in 1875 and broken up that same year.
Magenta was 63.7 m (209 ft) long between perpendiculars and 67.1 m (220 ft 2 in) long overall, and a beam of 12.9 m (42 ft 4 in). She drew up to 5.9 m (19 ft 4 in). She had a displacement of 2,512 long tons (2,552 t) at normally and 2,669 long tons (2,712 t) at full load. Her hull was constructed with wood and sheathed with copper to protect the wood from marine biofouling. The ship had a crew of 308 officers and enlisted men.
The ship was propelled by a single marine steam engine that drove a screw propeller. Steam was provided by a pair of fire-tube boilers that were vented through a single funnel. The ship had a top speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) under steam, and the propulsion system was rated to produce 1,900 indicated horsepower (1,400 kW). She was fitted with a three-masted square rig to supplement the steam engine on long voyages overseas.
She was armed with a main battery of twenty guns. These consisted of four 160 mm (6.3 in) rifled guns, two 200 mm (7.9 in) howitzers, and fourteen 40-pounder smoothbore guns.
The keel for Magenta was laid down in 1859 at the Medici Arsenal in Livorno for the Tuscan Navy. She was launched on 18 July 1862, by which time Tuscany had been absorbed into the newly created Kingdom of Italy. At her launching ceremony, the ship had to be lowered slowly into the water, as the narrow confines of the Vecchia Darsena, where she had been built, prevented a traditional slipway launching; to have done so would have allowed the unfinished ship to crash into the sea wall on the opposite side of the harbor. Instead, she had to be lowered by chains. The work lasted some six hours, and during the operation, one of the chains snapped and killed one of the shipyard workers and wounded several other men. Magenta was completed in 1863 and entered service with the Regia Marina (Royal Navy).
Magenta had been sent to South American waters by 1864. The Italian Navy, and the Royal Sardinian Navy before it, maintained a small squadron there to protect Italian commercial interests. The unit also included the paddle steamer Ercole and the gunboat Veloce. Magenta and Ercole were stationed in Río de la Plata, which forms the border of Argentina and Uruguay, while Ercole was stationed in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The screw frigate Principe Umberto was also in the region on a training cruise.
From 1865 to 1868, Magenta went on a major cruise around the world, under the command of Frigate Captain Vittorio Arminjon. Magenta was the first Italian ship to circumnavigate the globe. The ship carried several passengers during the voyage, including a diplomatic delegation that was to be the first Italian mission to Qing China; the group was meant to establish trading relations with China and Japan on the trip. The mission to Japan had particular importance, as the Italians sought to import silkworms to replace the previously imported worms that had been devastated by disease in the early 1860s. She also had several scientists aboard, among them the anthropologist and zoologist Enrico Hillyer Giglioli and the scientist Filippo De Filippi.
Because Magenta was already in South America, the diplomats and scientists traveled from Naples, Italy, aboard the steamers Regina and Ordita, departing on 8 November 1865 and arriving in Montevideo, Uruguay, on 5 January. Magenta met the vessels there to embark the group of scientists and diplomats. She then proceeded around the Cape of Good Hope in southern Africa. After passing through the Indian Ocean and entering the Pacific in 1866, Magenta made stops at the British colony of Singapore and then Saigon in French Cochinchina. The ship next sailed for Japan, arriving in Edo on 5 July. The ship remained in Japan for the next two months, and Arminjon and the diplomats met with representatives of the Japanese government. On 1 September, she departed Japan for Shanghai, China, and then later sailed north, entered the Yangtze River, and then anchored in the Bohai Sea. While in China, Arminjon signed the Treaty of Friendship and Commerce with the Qing government. While the ship was in Hong Kong, China, Filippi died. After departing China, Magenta was damaged in a typhoon and had to stop in Java in the Dutch East Indies for repairs that lasted a month.
By May 1867, Magenta had sailed to visit Australia and New Zealand, including a month-long stay in Sydney. During her period in Australian waters, she conducted an extensive survey of the island of Tasmania. She attempted to stop in Auckland, New Zealand, but contrary winds prevented her from entering the harbor. Instead, Magenta then continued across the south Pacific, bound for Lima, Peru. The ship sailed south for Valparaiso, Chile, on 23 August, arriving there a month later on 25 September. She then passed through the Straits of Magellan late in the year. While the ship cruised in South American waters, Giglioli made extensive observations of whales and dolphins. Magenta also carried out hydrographic surveys of the treacherous waters in the Straits of Magellan, which were not well documented at the time. The ship arrived back in Montevideo on 17 December. She sailed north to Buenos Aires, but was unable to dock there due to an outbreak of cholera in the city. On 2 January 1868, the ship got underway to return to Italy. She passed the Strait of Gibraltar on 15 September and anchored in Naples on 28 September, arriving to little public fanfare, which surprised Giglioli, who remarked that "it was as if the ship had come back from Cagliari."
In addition to the observations made by Giglioli and the other scientists and the hydrographic surveys conducted in South American waters, Magenta also brought back twenty-five boxes of valuable items for display in Italian museums. Giglioli later noted that Magenta carried too many guns for the expedition, which was intended to be a peaceful mission, and they took up space that could have been more useful to store additional maps and scientific instruments.
The Italian government sought to establish a penal colony on the island of Borneo in the Pacific in the early 1870s, and in 1872, a plan was formulated to send the vessels Cambria and Citta di Napoli with Magenta as an escort. Preparations were begun for the voyage, but British objections to the plan led to its cancellation, however. In 1873, the ship visited Tenedos in the Ottoman Empire. In 1875, the ship was laid up and thereafter broken up for scrap. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Magenta was a screw corvette, originally of the Tuscan Navy, which was later incorporated into the Italian Regia Marina during the unification of Italy. The ship was built in the late 1850s and early 1860s; by the time she was completed, Italy had unified and so she only served in the Regia Marina. She made a circumnavigation of the globe, which lasted from 1865 to 1868, making her the first Italian vessel to do so. The voyage included diplomatic missions to China and Japan, along with scientific explorations and surveys. She saw little service thereafter, and was laid up in 1875 and broken up that same year.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Magenta was 63.7 m (209 ft) long between perpendiculars and 67.1 m (220 ft 2 in) long overall, and a beam of 12.9 m (42 ft 4 in). She drew up to 5.9 m (19 ft 4 in). She had a displacement of 2,512 long tons (2,552 t) at normally and 2,669 long tons (2,712 t) at full load. Her hull was constructed with wood and sheathed with copper to protect the wood from marine biofouling. The ship had a crew of 308 officers and enlisted men.",
"title": "Design"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The ship was propelled by a single marine steam engine that drove a screw propeller. Steam was provided by a pair of fire-tube boilers that were vented through a single funnel. The ship had a top speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) under steam, and the propulsion system was rated to produce 1,900 indicated horsepower (1,400 kW). She was fitted with a three-masted square rig to supplement the steam engine on long voyages overseas.",
"title": "Design"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She was armed with a main battery of twenty guns. These consisted of four 160 mm (6.3 in) rifled guns, two 200 mm (7.9 in) howitzers, and fourteen 40-pounder smoothbore guns.",
"title": "Design"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The keel for Magenta was laid down in 1859 at the Medici Arsenal in Livorno for the Tuscan Navy. She was launched on 18 July 1862, by which time Tuscany had been absorbed into the newly created Kingdom of Italy. At her launching ceremony, the ship had to be lowered slowly into the water, as the narrow confines of the Vecchia Darsena, where she had been built, prevented a traditional slipway launching; to have done so would have allowed the unfinished ship to crash into the sea wall on the opposite side of the harbor. Instead, she had to be lowered by chains. The work lasted some six hours, and during the operation, one of the chains snapped and killed one of the shipyard workers and wounded several other men. Magenta was completed in 1863 and entered service with the Regia Marina (Royal Navy).",
"title": "Service history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Magenta had been sent to South American waters by 1864. The Italian Navy, and the Royal Sardinian Navy before it, maintained a small squadron there to protect Italian commercial interests. The unit also included the paddle steamer Ercole and the gunboat Veloce. Magenta and Ercole were stationed in Río de la Plata, which forms the border of Argentina and Uruguay, while Ercole was stationed in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The screw frigate Principe Umberto was also in the region on a training cruise.",
"title": "Service history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "From 1865 to 1868, Magenta went on a major cruise around the world, under the command of Frigate Captain Vittorio Arminjon. Magenta was the first Italian ship to circumnavigate the globe. The ship carried several passengers during the voyage, including a diplomatic delegation that was to be the first Italian mission to Qing China; the group was meant to establish trading relations with China and Japan on the trip. The mission to Japan had particular importance, as the Italians sought to import silkworms to replace the previously imported worms that had been devastated by disease in the early 1860s. She also had several scientists aboard, among them the anthropologist and zoologist Enrico Hillyer Giglioli and the scientist Filippo De Filippi.",
"title": "Service history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Because Magenta was already in South America, the diplomats and scientists traveled from Naples, Italy, aboard the steamers Regina and Ordita, departing on 8 November 1865 and arriving in Montevideo, Uruguay, on 5 January. Magenta met the vessels there to embark the group of scientists and diplomats. She then proceeded around the Cape of Good Hope in southern Africa. After passing through the Indian Ocean and entering the Pacific in 1866, Magenta made stops at the British colony of Singapore and then Saigon in French Cochinchina. The ship next sailed for Japan, arriving in Edo on 5 July. The ship remained in Japan for the next two months, and Arminjon and the diplomats met with representatives of the Japanese government. On 1 September, she departed Japan for Shanghai, China, and then later sailed north, entered the Yangtze River, and then anchored in the Bohai Sea. While in China, Arminjon signed the Treaty of Friendship and Commerce with the Qing government. While the ship was in Hong Kong, China, Filippi died. After departing China, Magenta was damaged in a typhoon and had to stop in Java in the Dutch East Indies for repairs that lasted a month.",
"title": "Service history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "By May 1867, Magenta had sailed to visit Australia and New Zealand, including a month-long stay in Sydney. During her period in Australian waters, she conducted an extensive survey of the island of Tasmania. She attempted to stop in Auckland, New Zealand, but contrary winds prevented her from entering the harbor. Instead, Magenta then continued across the south Pacific, bound for Lima, Peru. The ship sailed south for Valparaiso, Chile, on 23 August, arriving there a month later on 25 September. She then passed through the Straits of Magellan late in the year. While the ship cruised in South American waters, Giglioli made extensive observations of whales and dolphins. Magenta also carried out hydrographic surveys of the treacherous waters in the Straits of Magellan, which were not well documented at the time. The ship arrived back in Montevideo on 17 December. She sailed north to Buenos Aires, but was unable to dock there due to an outbreak of cholera in the city. On 2 January 1868, the ship got underway to return to Italy. She passed the Strait of Gibraltar on 15 September and anchored in Naples on 28 September, arriving to little public fanfare, which surprised Giglioli, who remarked that \"it was as if the ship had come back from Cagliari.\"",
"title": "Service history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In addition to the observations made by Giglioli and the other scientists and the hydrographic surveys conducted in South American waters, Magenta also brought back twenty-five boxes of valuable items for display in Italian museums. Giglioli later noted that Magenta carried too many guns for the expedition, which was intended to be a peaceful mission, and they took up space that could have been more useful to store additional maps and scientific instruments.",
"title": "Service history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The Italian government sought to establish a penal colony on the island of Borneo in the Pacific in the early 1870s, and in 1872, a plan was formulated to send the vessels Cambria and Citta di Napoli with Magenta as an escort. Preparations were begun for the voyage, but British objections to the plan led to its cancellation, however. In 1873, the ship visited Tenedos in the Ottoman Empire. In 1875, the ship was laid up and thereafter broken up for scrap.",
"title": "Service history"
}
] | Magenta was a screw corvette, originally of the Tuscan Navy, which was later incorporated into the Italian Regia Marina during the unification of Italy. The ship was built in the late 1850s and early 1860s; by the time she was completed, Italy had unified and so she only served in the Regia Marina. She made a circumnavigation of the globe, which lasted from 1865 to 1868, making her the first Italian vessel to do so. The voyage included diplomatic missions to China and Japan, along with scientific explorations and surveys. She saw little service thereafter, and was laid up in 1875 and broken up that same year. | 2023-12-16T23:11:49Z | 2023-12-23T22:43:32Z | [
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75,581,509 | Francesco Patton | Francesco Patton (born December 23, 1963) is an Italian friar who is the 168th Custodian of the Holy Land, an office to which he acceded in May 2016 and has been renewed in triennially since.
Patton was born in Trento, Italy and earned a Licentiate from the Pontifical Salesian University. He was ordained in 1989. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Francesco Patton (born December 23, 1963) is an Italian friar who is the 168th Custodian of the Holy Land, an office to which he acceded in May 2016 and has been renewed in triennially since.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Patton was born in Trento, Italy and earned a Licentiate from the Pontifical Salesian University. He was ordained in 1989.",
"title": ""
}
] | Francesco Patton is an Italian friar who is the 168th Custodian of the Holy Land, an office to which he acceded in May 2016 and has been renewed in triennially since. Patton was born in Trento, Italy and earned a Licentiate from the Pontifical Salesian University. He was ordained in 1989. | 2023-12-16T23:13:22Z | 2023-12-23T00:17:57Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Patton |
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