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75,548,529 | John M. Brown (disambiguation) | John M. Brown may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "John M. Brown may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | John M. Brown may refer to: John M. Brown (1817–1852), American bishop in the African Methodist Episcopal church
John M. Brown III, United States Army general
John Macmillan Brown (1845–1935), Scottish-New Zealand academic, administrator and promoter of education for women
Johnny Mack Brown (1904–1974), American film actor and college football player
John Marshall Brown (1838–1907), American commissioned officer during the American Civil War
John Mason Brown (1900–1969), American literary critic
Sir John McLeavy Brown (1835–1926), British lawyer and diplomat | 2023-12-12T23:34:55Z | 2023-12-12T23:35:32Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_M._Brown_(disambiguation) |
75,548,536 | Ramette | Ramette is a surname found in France. Notable people with this surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ramette is a surname found in France. Notable people with this surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Ramette is a surname found in France. Notable people with this surname include: Arthur Ramette, a French mechanic and communist politician
Yves Ramette, a French composer | 2023-12-12T23:37:00Z | 2023-12-13T00:45:37Z | [
"Template:Surname"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramette |
75,548,541 | Query evaluation | In database theory, the query evaluation problem is the problem of determining the answers to a query on a database. Research in database theory aims at determining the computational complexity of answering different kinds of queries over databases, in particular over relational databases.
The query evaluation problem takes two inputs: the query to be answered, and the database on which to answer it. The output of the problem is the set of answers to the query on the database. If the queries are Boolean queries, i.e., queries have a yes or no answer (for example, Boolean conjunctive queries) then the query evaluation problem is a decision problem.
The query evaluation problem is usually posed for a specific class of queries and databases. For instance, one example of the query evaluation problem would be the problem of evaluating a conjunctive query on a relational database.
The computational complexity of the problem can be measured in different ways, to account for the fact that the two inputs of the problem are different:
The complexity of query evaluation can be studied for several query classes, for instance acyclic queries, conjunctive queries, unions of conjunctive queries, Datalog, regular path queries, etc., up to logical formalisms like first-order logic or monadic second-order logic.
For instance, for Boolean conjunctive queries, the complexity of query evaluation is polynomial in data complexity: it even falls in the class AC0. By contrast, the query complexity and combined complexity are NP-complete by a reduction from 3-colorability.
The complexity of query evaluation can be studied for queries that return answers, or for Boolean queries (yes/no queries). However, we can often reduce to the case of Boolean queries. More specifically, if the number of answers to the query is always polynomial in the database size, and if we can rewrite the query to a Boolean query for each answer, then we can reduce query evaluation for a non-Boolean query to polynomially many Boolean query evaluation problems. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In database theory, the query evaluation problem is the problem of determining the answers to a query on a database. Research in database theory aims at determining the computational complexity of answering different kinds of queries over databases, in particular over relational databases.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The query evaluation problem takes two inputs: the query to be answered, and the database on which to answer it. The output of the problem is the set of answers to the query on the database. If the queries are Boolean queries, i.e., queries have a yes or no answer (for example, Boolean conjunctive queries) then the query evaluation problem is a decision problem.",
"title": "Formal definition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The query evaluation problem is usually posed for a specific class of queries and databases. For instance, one example of the query evaluation problem would be the problem of evaluating a conjunctive query on a relational database.",
"title": "Formal definition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The computational complexity of the problem can be measured in different ways, to account for the fact that the two inputs of the problem are different:",
"title": "Formal definition"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The complexity of query evaluation can be studied for several query classes, for instance acyclic queries, conjunctive queries, unions of conjunctive queries, Datalog, regular path queries, etc., up to logical formalisms like first-order logic or monadic second-order logic.",
"title": "Query classes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "For instance, for Boolean conjunctive queries, the complexity of query evaluation is polynomial in data complexity: it even falls in the class AC0. By contrast, the query complexity and combined complexity are NP-complete by a reduction from 3-colorability.",
"title": "Query classes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The complexity of query evaluation can be studied for queries that return answers, or for Boolean queries (yes/no queries). However, we can often reduce to the case of Boolean queries. More specifically, if the number of answers to the query is always polynomial in the database size, and if we can rewrite the query to a Boolean query for each answer, then we can reduce query evaluation for a non-Boolean query to polynomially many Boolean query evaluation problems.",
"title": "Boolean versus non-Boolean queries"
}
] | In database theory, the query evaluation problem is the problem of determining the answers to a query on a database. Research in database theory aims at determining the computational complexity of answering different kinds of queries over databases, in particular over relational databases. | 2023-12-12T23:38:12Z | 2023-12-13T02:06:07Z | [
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"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_evaluation |
75,548,553 | Makki ibn Abi Talib al-Qaysi | Abū Muḥammad Makkī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qaysī al-Qayrawānī al-Andalusī al-Qurṭubī was a Mālikī jurist and, in the assessment of Angelika Neuwirth, "one of the earliest and most distinguished scholars in the science of Ḳurʾān reading [...] and especially the theory and art of recitation [...] in the Muslim West".
Makkī was born in al-Qayrawān, in present-day Tunisia, on 23 Shaʿbān 354 AH/25 August 965 CE. According to some sources, the ancestry of his father Abū Ṭālib was Ḥammūsh ibn Muḥammad, who was himself the son of Mukhtār, but Angelika Neuwirth regards this lineage as uncertain. Makkī is known to have travelled east to study in Cairo, focusing on philology, qirāʾa (Qurʾān-reading) and tajwīd (recitation); his studies there brought him into contact with leading scholars, including Abū Bakr al-Udfuwī (304–88 AH/916–98CE), and the father and son Abu l-Ṭayyib ʿAbd al-Munʿim ibn Ghalbūn al-Ḥalabī (d. 389 AH/999 CE) and Ṭāhir ibn Ghalbūn (d. 399 AH/1008CE). He studied in Cairo during the period 368–74 AH (978–84 CE); returned to al-Qayrawān for three years (during which time he studied with the jurists al-Qābisī (d. 403/1011) and Ibn Abī Zayd (d. 386/996)); spent 377–79 and 382–83 AH (987–89 and 992–93 CE) back in Cairo; and then 387–90 AH (998–1001 CE) in Mecca, where alongside studying and ḥajj he seems to have begun writing. His homeward journey took him through Jerusalem and Cairo.
After two years in al-Qayrawān, Makkī departed for al-Andalus, where he spent the second half of his life and where he produced most of his eighty or more works. He arrived in 393 AH (1003 CE) and began to teach Qurʾān reading at the Masjid al-Nukhayla in Cordova's ʿAṭṭārīn district. According to Angelika Neuwirth, "it is largely due to him that the new development in Ḳurʾān reading scholarship which is connected with the Bag̲h̲dādī Imām al-ḳurrāʾ, Ibn Mud̲j̲āhid (d. 324/936 [...]) spread so soon via Aleppo and Cairo to Spain". Makkī held various religious and pedagogical posts in Cordova until his death in the city on 2 Muḥarram 437 AH (21 July 1045 CE).
Al-Makkī write over eighty works, including Kitab al-Tadhkira fi l-qirāʾāt, which was influenced by Ṭāhir ibn Ghalbūn's teachings; Kitāb al-Tabṣira; Kitāb al-Kashf; Kitāb Mushkil gharīb al-Qurʾān; Kitāb Mushkil iʿrāb al-Qurʾān, and Kitāb al-Kashf ʿan wujūh al-ḳirāʾāt al-sabʿ . He composed comprehensive commentary on the Qurʾān; this is believed to be lost, but al-Īḍāḥ li-nāsikh al-Qurʾān wa-mansūkhih, a treatise on "the special tafsīr problem of the abrogated verses" is known. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Abū Muḥammad Makkī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qaysī al-Qayrawānī al-Andalusī al-Qurṭubī was a Mālikī jurist and, in the assessment of Angelika Neuwirth, \"one of the earliest and most distinguished scholars in the science of Ḳurʾān reading [...] and especially the theory and art of recitation [...] in the Muslim West\".",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Makkī was born in al-Qayrawān, in present-day Tunisia, on 23 Shaʿbān 354 AH/25 August 965 CE. According to some sources, the ancestry of his father Abū Ṭālib was Ḥammūsh ibn Muḥammad, who was himself the son of Mukhtār, but Angelika Neuwirth regards this lineage as uncertain. Makkī is known to have travelled east to study in Cairo, focusing on philology, qirāʾa (Qurʾān-reading) and tajwīd (recitation); his studies there brought him into contact with leading scholars, including Abū Bakr al-Udfuwī (304–88 AH/916–98CE), and the father and son Abu l-Ṭayyib ʿAbd al-Munʿim ibn Ghalbūn al-Ḥalabī (d. 389 AH/999 CE) and Ṭāhir ibn Ghalbūn (d. 399 AH/1008CE). He studied in Cairo during the period 368–74 AH (978–84 CE); returned to al-Qayrawān for three years (during which time he studied with the jurists al-Qābisī (d. 403/1011) and Ibn Abī Zayd (d. 386/996)); spent 377–79 and 382–83 AH (987–89 and 992–93 CE) back in Cairo; and then 387–90 AH (998–1001 CE) in Mecca, where alongside studying and ḥajj he seems to have begun writing. His homeward journey took him through Jerusalem and Cairo.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After two years in al-Qayrawān, Makkī departed for al-Andalus, where he spent the second half of his life and where he produced most of his eighty or more works. He arrived in 393 AH (1003 CE) and began to teach Qurʾān reading at the Masjid al-Nukhayla in Cordova's ʿAṭṭārīn district. According to Angelika Neuwirth, \"it is largely due to him that the new development in Ḳurʾān reading scholarship which is connected with the Bag̲h̲dādī Imām al-ḳurrāʾ, Ibn Mud̲j̲āhid (d. 324/936 [...]) spread so soon via Aleppo and Cairo to Spain\". Makkī held various religious and pedagogical posts in Cordova until his death in the city on 2 Muḥarram 437 AH (21 July 1045 CE).",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Al-Makkī write over eighty works, including Kitab al-Tadhkira fi l-qirāʾāt, which was influenced by Ṭāhir ibn Ghalbūn's teachings; Kitāb al-Tabṣira; Kitāb al-Kashf; Kitāb Mushkil gharīb al-Qurʾān; Kitāb Mushkil iʿrāb al-Qurʾān, and Kitāb al-Kashf ʿan wujūh al-ḳirāʾāt al-sabʿ . He composed comprehensive commentary on the Qurʾān; this is believed to be lost, but al-Īḍāḥ li-nāsikh al-Qurʾān wa-mansūkhih, a treatise on \"the special tafsīr problem of the abrogated verses\" is known.",
"title": "Works"
}
] | Abū Muḥammad Makkī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qaysī al-Qayrawānī al-Andalusī al-Qurṭubī was a Mālikī jurist and, in the assessment of Angelika Neuwirth, "one of the earliest and most distinguished scholars in the science of Ḳurʾān reading [...] and especially the theory and art of recitation [...] in the Muslim West". | 2023-12-12T23:41:05Z | 2023-12-26T15:55:06Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Doi",
"Template:ISBN"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makki_ibn_Abi_Talib_al-Qaysi |
75,548,557 | Abbey Levy | Abigail "Abbey" Levy (born April 2, 2000) is a professional ice hockey goaltender for New York of the Professional Women's Hockey League. She was selected by New York 64th overall, in the eleventh round of the 2023 PWHL Draft.
Levy attended Shattuck St. Mary's, where she played for their 16U and 19U teams and won three USA Hockey National Championships in three seasons, allowing just one goal per game in tournament play.
Levy announced her commitment to Minnesota State University on May 8, 2016. In her freshman season with the Mavericks, the 2018–19 season, she started 34 games and set single-season team records for shutouts (5) and minutes played. She recorded her first NCAA assist on December 17, 2018, against Robert Morris University.
In the 2019–20 season, Levy started 20 games and appeared in 22, of which she won just five. At the conclusion of her sophomore season, she held MSU records for save percentage (.917) and goals against average (2.58), as well as ranking second in shutouts (8), fifth in wins (14), and sixth in saves (1,530).
Levy transferred to Boston College for the 2020–21 season, posting two shutouts and six wins in eleven games. In the quarterfinals of the 2021 NCAA championship, she made 45 saves in a 3–1 loss to Ohio State University.
In the 2021–22 season, Levy started a career-high 33 games, all but one that the Eagles played that year. She finished fifth in the NCAA in wins with 18, and first in saves with 1,143, the latter also setting an Eagles record. She recorded two assists and two 50-save games, including a 50-save loss to Harvard University in the finals of the Beanpot tournament.
Playing as a graduate student in 2022–23, Levy was named alternate captain of the Eagles. She matched her career best in shutouts, including one in the Beanpot semifinals. Her career-high .947 save percentage ranked second in the nation and was the best single-season mark in Eagles history. She was the first female goaltender in Hockey East history to play an entire conference slate with a save percentage above .945 and goals against average below 1.75 (minimum 30 shots against per game), and was a semifinalist for National Goalie of the Year and runner-up for Hockey East Goaltender of the Year.
At the end of her Boston College career, Levy held the program records for save percentage (.940) and saves per game (31.96), and ranked top five in multiple other categories.
As a graduating NCAA athlete, Levy was not eligible for pre-draft free agency in the newly established Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She was selected 64th overall by New York in the eleventh round of the 2023 PWHL Draft, and signed a one-year contract with the team on November 8, 2023.
Levy made her international debut representing the United States at the 2023 IIHF Women's World Championship. As the third-string goaltender for the gold-medal-winning Americans, Levy did not play a game in the tournament.
Levy has four siblings; her brother Harrison played lacrosse at SUNY Oswego. She has also played basketball, soccer, and volleyball. She received a bachelor's degree in applied psychology and human development from the Lynch School of Education and Human Development in 2022. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Abigail \"Abbey\" Levy (born April 2, 2000) is a professional ice hockey goaltender for New York of the Professional Women's Hockey League. She was selected by New York 64th overall, in the eleventh round of the 2023 PWHL Draft.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Levy attended Shattuck St. Mary's, where she played for their 16U and 19U teams and won three USA Hockey National Championships in three seasons, allowing just one goal per game in tournament play.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Levy announced her commitment to Minnesota State University on May 8, 2016. In her freshman season with the Mavericks, the 2018–19 season, she started 34 games and set single-season team records for shutouts (5) and minutes played. She recorded her first NCAA assist on December 17, 2018, against Robert Morris University.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the 2019–20 season, Levy started 20 games and appeared in 22, of which she won just five. At the conclusion of her sophomore season, she held MSU records for save percentage (.917) and goals against average (2.58), as well as ranking second in shutouts (8), fifth in wins (14), and sixth in saves (1,530).",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Levy transferred to Boston College for the 2020–21 season, posting two shutouts and six wins in eleven games. In the quarterfinals of the 2021 NCAA championship, she made 45 saves in a 3–1 loss to Ohio State University.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In the 2021–22 season, Levy started a career-high 33 games, all but one that the Eagles played that year. She finished fifth in the NCAA in wins with 18, and first in saves with 1,143, the latter also setting an Eagles record. She recorded two assists and two 50-save games, including a 50-save loss to Harvard University in the finals of the Beanpot tournament.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Playing as a graduate student in 2022–23, Levy was named alternate captain of the Eagles. She matched her career best in shutouts, including one in the Beanpot semifinals. Her career-high .947 save percentage ranked second in the nation and was the best single-season mark in Eagles history. She was the first female goaltender in Hockey East history to play an entire conference slate with a save percentage above .945 and goals against average below 1.75 (minimum 30 shots against per game), and was a semifinalist for National Goalie of the Year and runner-up for Hockey East Goaltender of the Year.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "At the end of her Boston College career, Levy held the program records for save percentage (.940) and saves per game (31.96), and ranked top five in multiple other categories.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "As a graduating NCAA athlete, Levy was not eligible for pre-draft free agency in the newly established Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She was selected 64th overall by New York in the eleventh round of the 2023 PWHL Draft, and signed a one-year contract with the team on November 8, 2023.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Levy made her international debut representing the United States at the 2023 IIHF Women's World Championship. As the third-string goaltender for the gold-medal-winning Americans, Levy did not play a game in the tournament.",
"title": "International play"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Levy has four siblings; her brother Harrison played lacrosse at SUNY Oswego. She has also played basketball, soccer, and volleyball. She received a bachelor's degree in applied psychology and human development from the Lynch School of Education and Human Development in 2022.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Abigail "Abbey" Levy is a professional ice hockey goaltender for New York of the Professional Women's Hockey League. She was selected by New York 64th overall, in the eleventh round of the 2023 PWHL Draft. | 2023-12-12T23:41:44Z | 2023-12-13T11:11:26Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbey_Levy |
75,548,562 | South Pine Road | There are two roads named South Pine Road to the north of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. They are two separate roads rather than a disconnected single road. It is likely that the duplicate naming is the result of actions by two former local authorities, the Shire of Enoggera and the Shire of Pine Rivers.
The first road (Road 1) runs in a northwesterly direction from Alderley (in the former Shire of Enoggera) to Arana Hills, a distance of 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi), from where it continues generally northwest as Bunya Road to Draper, where it crosses the South Pine River. It carries the Metroad 5 shield from Enoggera to Everton Park, State Route 29 from Everton Park to Everton Hills, and State Route 40 through Everton Hills.
The second road (Road 2) runs in an indirect northerly direction from Albany Creek (in the former Shire of Pine Rivers) to Strathpine, crossing the South Pine River as it leaves Albany Creek. It carries the name Albany Creek Road through part of Albany Creek, and the State Route 28 shield for its entire length, a distance of 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi). It is a state-controlled road (number 403), part regional and part district, rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS).
South Pine Road (Road 1) starts at an intersection with Samford Road (State Route 22) and Enoggera Road in Alderley with no route number. It runs northwest by north, crossing the Ferny Grove railway line before reaching a five-way intersection with Sicklefield Road, Pickering Street, and Raymont Road. South Pine Road continues northwest, but there is no entry to it from this intersection, forcing traffic to detour via Sicklefield Road (or Pickering Street). Proceeding north and then west on Sicklefield Road returns the traveller to South Pine Road, which continues west in the locality of Enoggera.
Road 1 turns north at an intersection with Western Arterial Road (Wardell Street) (Metroad 5) and Hurdcotte Street as Metroad 5. Next it turns northwest by north, crossing Kedron Brook as it leaves Enoggera and enters Everton Park, where it passes the exit to Everton Park Link Road to the northeast. It then passes the exit to East–West Arterial Road (Stafford Road) (Metroad 5) to the east before turning northwest with no route number. At an intersection with Everton Park–Albany Creek Road (Old Northern Road) it turns west and then continues in a northwesterly direction as State Route 29 until it reaches an intersection with Queens Road (State Route 40). Here it turns west as State Route 40, leaving Everton Park and the City of Brisbane and entering Everton Hills in the City of Moreton Bay.
Continuing west and southwest to an intersectiom with Pimelia Street (State Route 40) to the southwest, the road turns west with no route number. It passes Dawson Parade to the south and, turning northwest and north, passes Plucks Road to the west. It enters Arana Hills and reaches an intersection with Francis Road to the north, where it turns northwest. Reaching a point where the physical road turns to the northwest by west and the name changes to Bunya Road, South Pine Road ends.
The road is a mix of two and four lane sections. It services the residential and commercial centres along its route.
South Pine Road (Road 2) starts at a point where Albany Creek Road (State Route 28) crosses Albany Creek, the boundary between Bridgeman Downs in the City of Brisbane and Albany Creek in the City of Moreton Bay. It runs northwest and west as Albany Creek Road (State Route 28) until it reaches an intersection with Everton Park–Albany Creek Road (Old Northern Road) to the southeast, where it turns northwest and north as South Pine Road, crossing the South Pine River and running between Eatons Hill and Brendale. It passes the exit to Strathpine–Samford Road (Eatons Crossing Road) to the northwest and continues north. Turning east it enters Brendale, passes the exit to Old North Road to the north, and continues east to an intersection with Linkfield Road to the east. Here it turns north before turning northeast by east, crossing the North Coast railway line, entering Strathpine and meeting Brisbane–Woodford Road (Gympie Road) (State Route 58) at a T-junction, where it ends.
The road is four lanes for its entire length. It services the residential and commercial centres along its route.
In 1844 the "Samsonvale" pastoral run was established on land south of the North Pine River. By 1847 the run had been reduced to 20 square miles – 12,800 acres (5,200 ha) by resumptions to enable closer settlement. Further resumptions were made in the late 1860s.
The locality of Draper, on the north side of the South Pine River, is named for Jacob Draper, an early settler. He arrived in Queensland in 1861 and settled in the area soon after.
In 1843 the Archer brothers built a road to the north of Brisbane as a shorter way to "Durundur" Station near Woodford. Part of this road remains as Old North Road between Rocksberg on the Caboolture River and Wamuran on the D'Aguilar Highway. It is highly likely that the line of road from Alderley to Petrie, comprising South Pine Road (Road 1), Old Northern Road, South Pine Road (Road 2), Old North Road, and Youngs Crossing Road, follows the earlier road.
All distances are from Google Maps. The road is within the Brisbane and Moreton Bay local government areas.
All distances are from Google Maps. The entire road is within the Moreton Bay local government area.
The following state-controlled roads intersect with Road 1:
Western Arterial Road is a state-controlled district road (number U18B). It runs from the Centenary Motorway (Mount Coot-tha Road) in Toowong to East–West Arterial Road (Stafford Road) in Everton Park as Metroad 5, a distance of 8.7 kilometres (5.4 mi). It intersects with Samford Sub–Arterial Road (State Route 22) in Enoggera.
Everton Park Link Road is a state-controlled road (number unknown). It runs from the Western Arterial Road (South Pine Road) in Everton Park to East–West Arterial Road (Stafford Road) in Everton Park, a distance of 0.6 kilometres (0.37 mi). It has no intersecting roads.
It was constructed in 2021 at a cost of $31 million to reduce congestion at the Stafford Road and South Pine Road intersection.
East–West Arterial Road is a state-controlled regional road (number U19). It runs from Airport Drive in Brisbane Airport to the Western Arterial Road (South Pine Road) in Everton Park, a distance of 9.9 kilometres (6.2 mi). The road follows a circuitous route, part of State Route 20, from Clayfield to Kedron to bypass the Airport Link tunnel. It intersects with Southern Cross Way in Brisbane Airport, Sandgate Sub–Arterial Road (Sandgate Road) in Clayfield, the Airport Link tunnel in Clayfield and Kedron, Gympie Arterial Road (Gympie Road) in Kedron, and Everton Park Link Road in Everton Park.
Everton Park–Albany Creek Road (Old Northern Road) is a state-controlled district road (number 900). It runs from the Western Arterial Road (South Pine Road (Road 1)) in Everton Park to South Pine Road (Road 2) in Albany Creek, a distance of 6.9 kilometres (4.3 mi). It has no intersections with other state-controlled roads.
The following state-controlled roads intersect with Road 2:
Strathpine–Samford Road (Eatons Crossing Road) is a state-controlled district road (number 4032), rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). It runs from South Pine Road (Road 2) in Eatons Hill to Samford Road in Samford, a distance of 12.8 kilometres (8.0 mi). It has no intersections with other state-controlled roads, but it does intersect with Lilley Road, Clear Mountain Road and Bunya Road. It runs concurrent with Mount Samson Road (State Route 22) from Yugar to Samford.
A project to improve intersection and route safety on this road, at an estimated cost of $75.2 million, was under construction in December 2023, with an estimated completion date of mid-2025. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "There are two roads named South Pine Road to the north of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. They are two separate roads rather than a disconnected single road. It is likely that the duplicate naming is the result of actions by two former local authorities, the Shire of Enoggera and the Shire of Pine Rivers.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The first road (Road 1) runs in a northwesterly direction from Alderley (in the former Shire of Enoggera) to Arana Hills, a distance of 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi), from where it continues generally northwest as Bunya Road to Draper, where it crosses the South Pine River. It carries the Metroad 5 shield from Enoggera to Everton Park, State Route 29 from Everton Park to Everton Hills, and State Route 40 through Everton Hills.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The second road (Road 2) runs in an indirect northerly direction from Albany Creek (in the former Shire of Pine Rivers) to Strathpine, crossing the South Pine River as it leaves Albany Creek. It carries the name Albany Creek Road through part of Albany Creek, and the State Route 28 shield for its entire length, a distance of 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi). It is a state-controlled road (number 403), part regional and part district, rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "South Pine Road (Road 1) starts at an intersection with Samford Road (State Route 22) and Enoggera Road in Alderley with no route number. It runs northwest by north, crossing the Ferny Grove railway line before reaching a five-way intersection with Sicklefield Road, Pickering Street, and Raymont Road. South Pine Road continues northwest, but there is no entry to it from this intersection, forcing traffic to detour via Sicklefield Road (or Pickering Street). Proceeding north and then west on Sicklefield Road returns the traveller to South Pine Road, which continues west in the locality of Enoggera.",
"title": "Route description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Road 1 turns north at an intersection with Western Arterial Road (Wardell Street) (Metroad 5) and Hurdcotte Street as Metroad 5. Next it turns northwest by north, crossing Kedron Brook as it leaves Enoggera and enters Everton Park, where it passes the exit to Everton Park Link Road to the northeast. It then passes the exit to East–West Arterial Road (Stafford Road) (Metroad 5) to the east before turning northwest with no route number. At an intersection with Everton Park–Albany Creek Road (Old Northern Road) it turns west and then continues in a northwesterly direction as State Route 29 until it reaches an intersection with Queens Road (State Route 40). Here it turns west as State Route 40, leaving Everton Park and the City of Brisbane and entering Everton Hills in the City of Moreton Bay.",
"title": "Route description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Continuing west and southwest to an intersectiom with Pimelia Street (State Route 40) to the southwest, the road turns west with no route number. It passes Dawson Parade to the south and, turning northwest and north, passes Plucks Road to the west. It enters Arana Hills and reaches an intersection with Francis Road to the north, where it turns northwest. Reaching a point where the physical road turns to the northwest by west and the name changes to Bunya Road, South Pine Road ends.",
"title": "Route description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The road is a mix of two and four lane sections. It services the residential and commercial centres along its route.",
"title": "Route description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "South Pine Road (Road 2) starts at a point where Albany Creek Road (State Route 28) crosses Albany Creek, the boundary between Bridgeman Downs in the City of Brisbane and Albany Creek in the City of Moreton Bay. It runs northwest and west as Albany Creek Road (State Route 28) until it reaches an intersection with Everton Park–Albany Creek Road (Old Northern Road) to the southeast, where it turns northwest and north as South Pine Road, crossing the South Pine River and running between Eatons Hill and Brendale. It passes the exit to Strathpine–Samford Road (Eatons Crossing Road) to the northwest and continues north. Turning east it enters Brendale, passes the exit to Old North Road to the north, and continues east to an intersection with Linkfield Road to the east. Here it turns north before turning northeast by east, crossing the North Coast railway line, entering Strathpine and meeting Brisbane–Woodford Road (Gympie Road) (State Route 58) at a T-junction, where it ends.",
"title": "Route description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The road is four lanes for its entire length. It services the residential and commercial centres along its route.",
"title": "Route description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In 1844 the \"Samsonvale\" pastoral run was established on land south of the North Pine River. By 1847 the run had been reduced to 20 square miles – 12,800 acres (5,200 ha) by resumptions to enable closer settlement. Further resumptions were made in the late 1860s.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The locality of Draper, on the north side of the South Pine River, is named for Jacob Draper, an early settler. He arrived in Queensland in 1861 and settled in the area soon after.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In 1843 the Archer brothers built a road to the north of Brisbane as a shorter way to \"Durundur\" Station near Woodford. Part of this road remains as Old North Road between Rocksberg on the Caboolture River and Wamuran on the D'Aguilar Highway. It is highly likely that the line of road from Alderley to Petrie, comprising South Pine Road (Road 1), Old Northern Road, South Pine Road (Road 2), Old North Road, and Youngs Crossing Road, follows the earlier road.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "All distances are from Google Maps. The road is within the Brisbane and Moreton Bay local government areas.",
"title": "Major intersections"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "All distances are from Google Maps. The entire road is within the Moreton Bay local government area.",
"title": "Major intersections"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The following state-controlled roads intersect with Road 1:",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 1)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Western Arterial Road is a state-controlled district road (number U18B). It runs from the Centenary Motorway (Mount Coot-tha Road) in Toowong to East–West Arterial Road (Stafford Road) in Everton Park as Metroad 5, a distance of 8.7 kilometres (5.4 mi). It intersects with Samford Sub–Arterial Road (State Route 22) in Enoggera.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 1)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Everton Park Link Road is a state-controlled road (number unknown). It runs from the Western Arterial Road (South Pine Road) in Everton Park to East–West Arterial Road (Stafford Road) in Everton Park, a distance of 0.6 kilometres (0.37 mi). It has no intersecting roads.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 1)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "It was constructed in 2021 at a cost of $31 million to reduce congestion at the Stafford Road and South Pine Road intersection.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 1)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "East–West Arterial Road is a state-controlled regional road (number U19). It runs from Airport Drive in Brisbane Airport to the Western Arterial Road (South Pine Road) in Everton Park, a distance of 9.9 kilometres (6.2 mi). The road follows a circuitous route, part of State Route 20, from Clayfield to Kedron to bypass the Airport Link tunnel. It intersects with Southern Cross Way in Brisbane Airport, Sandgate Sub–Arterial Road (Sandgate Road) in Clayfield, the Airport Link tunnel in Clayfield and Kedron, Gympie Arterial Road (Gympie Road) in Kedron, and Everton Park Link Road in Everton Park.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 1)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "Everton Park–Albany Creek Road (Old Northern Road) is a state-controlled district road (number 900). It runs from the Western Arterial Road (South Pine Road (Road 1)) in Everton Park to South Pine Road (Road 2) in Albany Creek, a distance of 6.9 kilometres (4.3 mi). It has no intersections with other state-controlled roads.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 1)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "The following state-controlled roads intersect with Road 2:",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 2)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "Strathpine–Samford Road (Eatons Crossing Road) is a state-controlled district road (number 4032), rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). It runs from South Pine Road (Road 2) in Eatons Hill to Samford Road in Samford, a distance of 12.8 kilometres (8.0 mi). It has no intersections with other state-controlled roads, but it does intersect with Lilley Road, Clear Mountain Road and Bunya Road. It runs concurrent with Mount Samson Road (State Route 22) from Yugar to Samford.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 2)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "A project to improve intersection and route safety on this road, at an estimated cost of $75.2 million, was under construction in December 2023, with an estimated completion date of mid-2025.",
"title": "Intersecting state-controlled roads (Road 2)"
}
] | There are two roads named South Pine Road to the north of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. They are two separate roads rather than a disconnected single road. It is likely that the duplicate naming is the result of actions by two former local authorities, the Shire of Enoggera and the Shire of Pine Rivers. The first road runs in a northwesterly direction from Alderley
to Arana Hills, a distance of 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi), from where it continues generally northwest as Bunya Road to Draper, where it crosses the South Pine River. It carries the Metroad 5 shield from Enoggera to Everton Park, State Route 29 from Everton Park to Everton Hills, and State Route 40 through Everton Hills. The second road runs in an indirect northerly direction from Albany Creek to Strathpine, crossing the South Pine River as it leaves Albany Creek. It carries the name Albany Creek Road through part of Albany Creek, and the State Route 28 shield for its entire length, a distance of 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi). It is a state-controlled road, part regional and part district, rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). | 2023-12-12T23:43:30Z | 2023-12-22T07:21:39Z | [
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75,548,568 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 100 metres T52 | The men's T52 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The results were as follows:Wind: +0.8 m/s | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's T52 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:",
"title": "Records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All times shown are in seconds.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The results were as follows:Wind: +0.8 m/s",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's T52 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-12T23:44:08Z | 2023-12-14T11:43:15Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_100_metres_T52 |
75,548,579 | Esther V. Hansen | Esther Violet Hansen (August 23, 1898 – February 23, 1986) was an American classical scholar who specialized in the Kingdom of Pergamon, a Hellenistic-era monarchy in western Asia Minor. A Guggenheim Fellow, she worked at Elmira College as a Professor in Classics for almost three decades (1934–1963).
Esther Violet Hansen, the daughter of Larlane (nee Knudsen) and Peter Hansen, was born on August 23, 1898 in Omaha, Nebraska. After studying at Vassar College (where she got an AB in 1921) and the University of Wisconsin (where she got an MA in 1922, her thesis being titled The minor poems of Vergil), she started working at a college-preparatory school in Cincinnati as a teacher of Latin in 1923. In 1924, she moved to Wells College and worked as a classics professor there until 1930.
Having worked on it while working at Wells, she received her PhD from Cornell University in 1930, with her dissertation Attalus I of Pergamum being advised by future long-time friend Eugene Plumb Andrews. She was an American Academy in Rome fellow (1930–1931) and an American Council of Learned Societies fellow (1931–1932). In 1934, she started working at Elmira College as an Assistant Professor in Classics, and she was later promoted to Associate Professor in 1939 and eventually Professor in 1940. From 1954 to 1956, she was president of Elmira's Phi Beta Kappa chapter. In 1963, her career at Elmira College ended.
As an academic, she specialized in the Kingdom of Pergamon. In 1943, she was appointed as a Guggenheim Fellow for a project on the city of Pergamon during the Attalid dynasty era. Her 1947 book The Attalids of Pergamum was described by T. Corey Brennan as "the first truly comprehensive study of [the Kingdom of Pergamon] and [one that] remains an essential study".
Hansen died in Horseheads, New York, on February 23, 1986. Her body was later returned to her native Omaha, where her funeral was held. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Esther Violet Hansen (August 23, 1898 – February 23, 1986) was an American classical scholar who specialized in the Kingdom of Pergamon, a Hellenistic-era monarchy in western Asia Minor. A Guggenheim Fellow, she worked at Elmira College as a Professor in Classics for almost three decades (1934–1963).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Esther Violet Hansen, the daughter of Larlane (nee Knudsen) and Peter Hansen, was born on August 23, 1898 in Omaha, Nebraska. After studying at Vassar College (where she got an AB in 1921) and the University of Wisconsin (where she got an MA in 1922, her thesis being titled The minor poems of Vergil), she started working at a college-preparatory school in Cincinnati as a teacher of Latin in 1923. In 1924, she moved to Wells College and worked as a classics professor there until 1930.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Having worked on it while working at Wells, she received her PhD from Cornell University in 1930, with her dissertation Attalus I of Pergamum being advised by future long-time friend Eugene Plumb Andrews. She was an American Academy in Rome fellow (1930–1931) and an American Council of Learned Societies fellow (1931–1932). In 1934, she started working at Elmira College as an Assistant Professor in Classics, and she was later promoted to Associate Professor in 1939 and eventually Professor in 1940. From 1954 to 1956, she was president of Elmira's Phi Beta Kappa chapter. In 1963, her career at Elmira College ended.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As an academic, she specialized in the Kingdom of Pergamon. In 1943, she was appointed as a Guggenheim Fellow for a project on the city of Pergamon during the Attalid dynasty era. Her 1947 book The Attalids of Pergamum was described by T. Corey Brennan as \"the first truly comprehensive study of [the Kingdom of Pergamon] and [one that] remains an essential study\".",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Hansen died in Horseheads, New York, on February 23, 1986. Her body was later returned to her native Omaha, where her funeral was held.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Esther Violet Hansen was an American classical scholar who specialized in the Kingdom of Pergamon, a Hellenistic-era monarchy in western Asia Minor. A Guggenheim Fellow, she worked at Elmira College as a Professor in Classics for almost three decades (1934–1963). | 2023-12-12T23:47:06Z | 2023-12-13T02:19:49Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esther_V._Hansen |
75,548,596 | 1943 All-Southern Conference football team | The 1943 All-Southern Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by coaches and sports writers on behalf of the Associated Press (AP) as the best at each position from the Southern Conference during the 1943 college football season. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1943 All-Southern Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by coaches and sports writers on behalf of the Associated Press (AP) as the best at each position from the Southern Conference during the 1943 college football season.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 1943 All-Southern Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by coaches and sports writers on behalf of the Associated Press (AP) as the best at each position from the Southern Conference during the 1943 college football season. | 2023-12-12T23:51:27Z | 2023-12-14T05:52:03Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1943_All-Southern_Conference_football_team |
75,548,646 | Dareshuri | The Dareshuri is an Iranian breed of riding horse of oriental type. It is native to Fars Province in southern Iran and is associated with the Qashqai people of that area, particularly with the Dareshuri tribe for which it is named. It may also be known as the Shirazi after the city of Shiraz, the provincial capital.
It is an endangered breed: a population of 300–400 was reported in 2003. Its conservation status in 2007 was 'endangered'; in 2023 it was 'unknown'.
According to Czech author Helena Kholová, the Dareshuri is descended from small horses bred 2,500 years ago in ancient Persia. Subsequent crossbreeding took place with the Arabian, the breed having been influenced in particular by the Persian Arabian. Although its origins are obscure, the Dareshuri is undeniably an oriental horse.
According to Tehran-based Mary Gharagglon, the Dareshuri is bred by the Iranian Qashqai ethnic group. British author Matthew Horace Hayes provided a photo and description in 1904, under the names "Shirazi" and "Gulf Arabian".
The breed came to prominence under the impetus of Dareshuri tribal chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, and later Ayaz Khan, in the late 1970s, as part of the categorization and study of Persian Arabian horses. Members of the Dareshuri tribe insist on their Mongolian ancestry, and claim to have traveled between Iran and Syria in the time of Genghis Khan, before returning to Iran with the best Syrian Arabian horses they could find there. However, this claim is not supported by written pedigree documents, and therefore cannot be proven.
This inability to prove the ʼaṣīl (pure) ancestry of the Dareshuri horses, together with the deaths of the chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, has led to a loss of interest in the breed, which may ultimately lead to its extinction.
According to CAB International, the Dareshuri belongs to the Persian plateau horse group.
The average height is 1.50 to 1.55 m, making it one of the largest Persian horses.
The morphology is said to be dis-harmonious. The head has a rectilinear profile, concave (typical Arabian), with an eye that can be small, and a cheek bone that is narrower than in the Arabian asil. The body is slender and light, the rib cage shallow, the tail set low. The limbs are slender, ending in hard hooves. The fine skin is covered with fine, silky hair. Mane and tail are sparse, but with fine manes.
The coat can be bay, seal brown, chestnut or gray, very rarely black. Markings are common.
The Dareshuri is known for its docility and ease of training, proving fast and lively. Gaits are renowned for their quality. The Dareshuri's original mountain landscape is particularly rugged, which has given the breed stamina and endurance.
DAD-IS indicates its main use as a transport horse; according to Kholová, it is mainly used as a saddle horse. However, a Turkish veterinary document indicates a use as a driving horse.
The Darashouri is listed among the horse breeds of Iran, with DAD-IS classifying it as a local Iranian breed. The Dareshuri is in fact an indigenous Iranian breed, specific to the province of Fars, north of Shiraz and therefore in southern Iran. It is not found outside the borders of its native country.
DAD-IS figures for 2003, updated in 2006, put the number at between 300 and 400 head. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Dareshuri is an Iranian breed of riding horse of oriental type. It is native to Fars Province in southern Iran and is associated with the Qashqai people of that area, particularly with the Dareshuri tribe for which it is named. It may also be known as the Shirazi after the city of Shiraz, the provincial capital.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It is an endangered breed: a population of 300–400 was reported in 2003. Its conservation status in 2007 was 'endangered'; in 2023 it was 'unknown'.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "According to Czech author Helena Kholová, the Dareshuri is descended from small horses bred 2,500 years ago in ancient Persia. Subsequent crossbreeding took place with the Arabian, the breed having been influenced in particular by the Persian Arabian. Although its origins are obscure, the Dareshuri is undeniably an oriental horse.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "According to Tehran-based Mary Gharagglon, the Dareshuri is bred by the Iranian Qashqai ethnic group. British author Matthew Horace Hayes provided a photo and description in 1904, under the names \"Shirazi\" and \"Gulf Arabian\".",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The breed came to prominence under the impetus of Dareshuri tribal chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, and later Ayaz Khan, in the late 1970s, as part of the categorization and study of Persian Arabian horses. Members of the Dareshuri tribe insist on their Mongolian ancestry, and claim to have traveled between Iran and Syria in the time of Genghis Khan, before returning to Iran with the best Syrian Arabian horses they could find there. However, this claim is not supported by written pedigree documents, and therefore cannot be proven.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "This inability to prove the ʼaṣīl (pure) ancestry of the Dareshuri horses, together with the deaths of the chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, has led to a loss of interest in the breed, which may ultimately lead to its extinction.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "According to CAB International, the Dareshuri belongs to the Persian plateau horse group.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The average height is 1.50 to 1.55 m, making it one of the largest Persian horses.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The morphology is said to be dis-harmonious. The head has a rectilinear profile, concave (typical Arabian), with an eye that can be small, and a cheek bone that is narrower than in the Arabian asil. The body is slender and light, the rib cage shallow, the tail set low. The limbs are slender, ending in hard hooves. The fine skin is covered with fine, silky hair. Mane and tail are sparse, but with fine manes.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The coat can be bay, seal brown, chestnut or gray, very rarely black. Markings are common.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The Dareshuri is known for its docility and ease of training, proving fast and lively. Gaits are renowned for their quality. The Dareshuri's original mountain landscape is particularly rugged, which has given the breed stamina and endurance.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "DAD-IS indicates its main use as a transport horse; according to Kholová, it is mainly used as a saddle horse. However, a Turkish veterinary document indicates a use as a driving horse.",
"title": "Usage"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The Darashouri is listed among the horse breeds of Iran, with DAD-IS classifying it as a local Iranian breed. The Dareshuri is in fact an indigenous Iranian breed, specific to the province of Fars, north of Shiraz and therefore in southern Iran. It is not found outside the borders of its native country.",
"title": "Range"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "DAD-IS figures for 2003, updated in 2006, put the number at between 300 and 400 head.",
"title": "Range"
}
] | The Dareshuri is an Iranian breed of riding horse of oriental type. It is native to Fars Province in southern Iran and is associated with the Qashqai people of that area, particularly with the Dareshuri tribe for which it is named. It may also be known as the Shirazi after the city of Shiraz, the provincial capital. It is an endangered breed: a population of 300–400 was reported in 2003. Its conservation status in 2007 was 'endangered'; in 2023 it was 'unknown'. | 2023-12-12T23:58:16Z | 2023-12-31T21:53:37Z | [
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75,548,721 | Fireworks (José Feliciano album) | Fireworks is a 1970 album by Puerto Rican guitarist José Feliciano. Most of the tracks are acoustic cover versions and instrumentals of songs popularized by other artists, including The Beatles, Rolling Stones, creedence Clearwater Revival, added by four songs write by himself and a guitar arrangments and recording of a classical composition by Georg Friedrich Händel.
Fireworks! was the last LP produced with Rick Jarrard, who had produced the previous four successful and Gold LPs by Feliciano. The album reached the top ten on the album charts of such countries as Spain, Australia and South East and Italy.
Side one
Side two
Technical
{{album chart|Spain|1| {{album chart|Italy|10| | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fireworks is a 1970 album by Puerto Rican guitarist José Feliciano. Most of the tracks are acoustic cover versions and instrumentals of songs popularized by other artists, including The Beatles, Rolling Stones, creedence Clearwater Revival, added by four songs write by himself and a guitar arrangments and recording of a classical composition by Georg Friedrich Händel.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Fireworks! was the last LP produced with Rick Jarrard, who had produced the previous four successful and Gold LPs by Feliciano. The album reached the top ten on the album charts of such countries as Spain, Australia and South East and Italy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Side one",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Side two",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Technical",
"title": "Personnel"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "{{album chart|Spain|1| {{album chart|Italy|10|",
"title": "Chart performance"
}
] | Fireworks is a 1970 album by Puerto Rican guitarist José Feliciano. Most of the tracks are acoustic cover versions and instrumentals of songs popularized by other artists, including The Beatles, Rolling Stones, creedence Clearwater Revival, added by four songs write by himself and a guitar arrangments and recording of a classical composition by Georg Friedrich Händel. Fireworks! was the last LP produced with Rick Jarrard, who had produced the previous four successful and Gold LPs by Feliciano. The album reached the top ten on the album charts of such countries as Spain, Australia and South East and Italy. | 2023-12-13T00:02:07Z | 2023-12-29T21:08:34Z | [
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75,548,805 | Tommie Broadwater | Tommie Broadwater Jr. (June 9, 1942 – July 11, 2023) was an American politician and businessman who served in the Maryland Senate from 1975 until he was convicted on federal food stamp fraud charges on October 19, 1983. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African-American to serve as a state senator outside of Baltimore in Maryland history.
Broadwater born in Washington, D.C., on June 9, 1942. He was the second of ten children born to Tommie Broadwater, who worked in construction, and his wife, who was a cook. Broadwater grew up in Prince George's County, where he attended segregated schools, including Fairmont Heights High School, and worked at a local Esso gas station. Broadwater later attended Southeastern University before dropping out to become an insurance salesman for Progressive Insurance at the age of 19.
Broadwater operated several businesses along Sheriff Road in Landover, Maryland, including Ebony Inn, a barbecue rib joint, and a bail bonding office. In January 1983, he filed for bankruptcy, listing nearly $1 million in debts and $75,000 in back taxes to the Internal Revenue Service, after a supermarket he owned, the Chapel Oaks Farmers Market, failed. Broadwater lost the supermarket, his gas station, and several pieces of real estate following bankruptcy settlement. In October 1990, a court evicted Broadwater from his restaurant-theater business, named The Castle, for being $60,000 behind in rent.
Broadwater became involved in politics to assist African-Americans in accessing better government services and to support his business. Over the course of his political career, he had become a "godfather of politics" in Prince George's County.
Broadwater was elected to the town council of Glenarden, Maryland in 1968, and served on the Prince George's County Democratic Central Committee from 1970 to 1974, where he established links with white politicians who controlled the Maryland Democratic Party, including Steny Hoyer and Peter O'Malley, and helped secure appointments for African American politicians and judges.
Broadwater ran for the Maryland Senate in 1974, during which he defeated state Delegate Arthur A. King in the Democratic primary and ran unopposed in the general election.
Broadwater was sworn in on January 8, 1975, becoming the first African-American lawmaker elected to the Maryland Senate outside of Baltimore in Maryland history. and served as a member of the Budget and Taxation Committee and as a vice-chair of the Rules Committee during his entire tenure. He represented the 25th district from 1975 to 1982, and the 24th district from 1982 to 1983.
During his tenure, Broadwater earned a reputation for his flamboyant lifestyle and positioned himself as an advocate for Black issues, such as housing, political representation, and economic growth, which allowed him to build a strong political organization which he used to influence congressional and county elections. Following the 1982 Maryland Senate election, he helped organize an effort by the Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland to oust James Clark Jr. as the President of the Maryland Senate.
In 1980, Broadwater served as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention, pledged to President Jimmy Carter. He again served as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1988.
On March 6, 1983, Broadwater was arrested and charged with conspiring with his daughter and three other men to redeem $70,000 in improperly obtained food stamps in exchange for cash and drugs from an undercover U.S. Secret Service agent. During his arrest, federal agents searched his property and found guns and cash, which Broadwater later said was offered back as unrelated to the case, but found no marked food stamps. Broadwater denied participating in any such scheme, saying that he spurned offers from the codefendants to buy the stolen food stamps, and had Senate President Melvin Steinberg and Majority Leader Clarence W. Blount testify as character witnesses. U.S. District Court Judge Norman Park Ramsey sentenced Broadwater to six months in the Federal Correctional Institution, Petersburg federal prison and $38,000 in fines on October 20, 1983, after which he was automatically suspended from the Maryland Senate.
Following his conviction, Broadwater pushed for county committee members to appoint his wife or younger brother to the seat; committee members instead appointed former state Delegate Decatur "Bucky" Trotter to the seat, which Broadwater opposed and criticized as a "puppet of Miller". Upon starting his prison sentence on January 4, 1984, Broadwater declared that he would run for the Maryland Senate in 1986, but he was blocked from running as a result of maneuvering from Senate President Thomas V. Miller Jr. He was released early on May 19, 1984.
Broadwater continued to be active in county politics following his release from prison, hosting political fundraisers and offering advice to dozens of Black politicians in the county including Albert Wynn, Dereck E. Davis, and Wayne K. Curry, but would never again hold public office.
In 1990, Broadwater unsuccessfully challenged state Senator Decatur "Bucky" Trotter in District 24, seeking to regain his old Senate seat. He lost the Democratic primary to Trotter by a margin of 346 votes. He unsuccessfully ran for the seat again in 1994, and afterwards backed Nathaniel Exum's successful ouster of Totter in 1998. In 2002, Broadwater ran for the Maryland Senate in District 47 against Gwendolyn T. Britt, a former member of the Prince George's County Democratic Central Committee who had the backing of the county's political establishment. Broadwater placed third behind Britt and state Delegate Darren Swain in the Democratic primary on September 10, receiving 22.6 percent of the vote.
Following his defeat, he served on the transition team of Prince George's County Executive-elect Jack B. Johnson.
In May 2005, Broadwater was placed on 18 months probation and fined $1,550 for campaign finance violations after failing to file campaign finance reports to the Maryland State Board of Elections.
In July 2020, Prince George's County health officials issued a warning against Broadwater after his neighbors reported that he held a pool party with hundreds of attendees at his mansion amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Broadwater married his wife, Lillian (née Prince), in 1958 at the age of 16 after she became pregnant. Together, they had four children and lived in Upper Marlboro, Maryland. In 1999, Broadwater's daughter, Tanya, died at the age of 38 from respiratory failure and an infection.
Broadwater was hospitalized to recover from tuberculosis from 1958 to 1959. In October 2003, he underwent a triple bypass surgery.
Broadwater died at his mansion in Upper Marlboro on July 11, 2023, at the age of 81. Following the news of his death, U.S. Representatives Glenn Ivey and Steny Hoyer expressed their condolences. Broadwater was laid in state at the Prince George's County Administration Building before being laid to rest at the Fort Lincoln Cemetery. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tommie Broadwater Jr. (June 9, 1942 – July 11, 2023) was an American politician and businessman who served in the Maryland Senate from 1975 until he was convicted on federal food stamp fraud charges on October 19, 1983. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African-American to serve as a state senator outside of Baltimore in Maryland history.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Broadwater born in Washington, D.C., on June 9, 1942. He was the second of ten children born to Tommie Broadwater, who worked in construction, and his wife, who was a cook. Broadwater grew up in Prince George's County, where he attended segregated schools, including Fairmont Heights High School, and worked at a local Esso gas station. Broadwater later attended Southeastern University before dropping out to become an insurance salesman for Progressive Insurance at the age of 19.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Broadwater operated several businesses along Sheriff Road in Landover, Maryland, including Ebony Inn, a barbecue rib joint, and a bail bonding office. In January 1983, he filed for bankruptcy, listing nearly $1 million in debts and $75,000 in back taxes to the Internal Revenue Service, after a supermarket he owned, the Chapel Oaks Farmers Market, failed. Broadwater lost the supermarket, his gas station, and several pieces of real estate following bankruptcy settlement. In October 1990, a court evicted Broadwater from his restaurant-theater business, named The Castle, for being $60,000 behind in rent.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Broadwater became involved in politics to assist African-Americans in accessing better government services and to support his business. Over the course of his political career, he had become a \"godfather of politics\" in Prince George's County.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Broadwater was elected to the town council of Glenarden, Maryland in 1968, and served on the Prince George's County Democratic Central Committee from 1970 to 1974, where he established links with white politicians who controlled the Maryland Democratic Party, including Steny Hoyer and Peter O'Malley, and helped secure appointments for African American politicians and judges.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Broadwater ran for the Maryland Senate in 1974, during which he defeated state Delegate Arthur A. King in the Democratic primary and ran unopposed in the general election.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Broadwater was sworn in on January 8, 1975, becoming the first African-American lawmaker elected to the Maryland Senate outside of Baltimore in Maryland history. and served as a member of the Budget and Taxation Committee and as a vice-chair of the Rules Committee during his entire tenure. He represented the 25th district from 1975 to 1982, and the 24th district from 1982 to 1983.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "During his tenure, Broadwater earned a reputation for his flamboyant lifestyle and positioned himself as an advocate for Black issues, such as housing, political representation, and economic growth, which allowed him to build a strong political organization which he used to influence congressional and county elections. Following the 1982 Maryland Senate election, he helped organize an effort by the Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland to oust James Clark Jr. as the President of the Maryland Senate.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In 1980, Broadwater served as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention, pledged to President Jimmy Carter. He again served as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1988.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "On March 6, 1983, Broadwater was arrested and charged with conspiring with his daughter and three other men to redeem $70,000 in improperly obtained food stamps in exchange for cash and drugs from an undercover U.S. Secret Service agent. During his arrest, federal agents searched his property and found guns and cash, which Broadwater later said was offered back as unrelated to the case, but found no marked food stamps. Broadwater denied participating in any such scheme, saying that he spurned offers from the codefendants to buy the stolen food stamps, and had Senate President Melvin Steinberg and Majority Leader Clarence W. Blount testify as character witnesses. U.S. District Court Judge Norman Park Ramsey sentenced Broadwater to six months in the Federal Correctional Institution, Petersburg federal prison and $38,000 in fines on October 20, 1983, after which he was automatically suspended from the Maryland Senate.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Following his conviction, Broadwater pushed for county committee members to appoint his wife or younger brother to the seat; committee members instead appointed former state Delegate Decatur \"Bucky\" Trotter to the seat, which Broadwater opposed and criticized as a \"puppet of Miller\". Upon starting his prison sentence on January 4, 1984, Broadwater declared that he would run for the Maryland Senate in 1986, but he was blocked from running as a result of maneuvering from Senate President Thomas V. Miller Jr. He was released early on May 19, 1984.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Broadwater continued to be active in county politics following his release from prison, hosting political fundraisers and offering advice to dozens of Black politicians in the county including Albert Wynn, Dereck E. Davis, and Wayne K. Curry, but would never again hold public office.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In 1990, Broadwater unsuccessfully challenged state Senator Decatur \"Bucky\" Trotter in District 24, seeking to regain his old Senate seat. He lost the Democratic primary to Trotter by a margin of 346 votes. He unsuccessfully ran for the seat again in 1994, and afterwards backed Nathaniel Exum's successful ouster of Totter in 1998. In 2002, Broadwater ran for the Maryland Senate in District 47 against Gwendolyn T. Britt, a former member of the Prince George's County Democratic Central Committee who had the backing of the county's political establishment. Broadwater placed third behind Britt and state Delegate Darren Swain in the Democratic primary on September 10, receiving 22.6 percent of the vote.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Following his defeat, he served on the transition team of Prince George's County Executive-elect Jack B. Johnson.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "In May 2005, Broadwater was placed on 18 months probation and fined $1,550 for campaign finance violations after failing to file campaign finance reports to the Maryland State Board of Elections.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "In July 2020, Prince George's County health officials issued a warning against Broadwater after his neighbors reported that he held a pool party with hundreds of attendees at his mansion amid the COVID-19 pandemic.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Broadwater married his wife, Lillian (née Prince), in 1958 at the age of 16 after she became pregnant. Together, they had four children and lived in Upper Marlboro, Maryland. In 1999, Broadwater's daughter, Tanya, died at the age of 38 from respiratory failure and an infection.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Broadwater was hospitalized to recover from tuberculosis from 1958 to 1959. In October 2003, he underwent a triple bypass surgery.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Broadwater died at his mansion in Upper Marlboro on July 11, 2023, at the age of 81. Following the news of his death, U.S. Representatives Glenn Ivey and Steny Hoyer expressed their condolences. Broadwater was laid in state at the Prince George's County Administration Building before being laid to rest at the Fort Lincoln Cemetery.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Tommie Broadwater Jr. was an American politician and businessman who served in the Maryland Senate from 1975 until he was convicted on federal food stamp fraud charges on October 19, 1983. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African-American to serve as a state senator outside of Baltimore in Maryland history. | 2023-12-13T00:04:59Z | 2023-12-13T19:18:35Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommie_Broadwater |
75,548,850 | Sentential Decision Diagram | In artificial intelligence, a sentential decision diagram (SDD) is a type of knowledge representation used in knowledge compilation to represent Boolean functions. SDDs can be viewed as a generalization of the influential ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) representation, by allowing decisions on multiple variables at once. Crucially, like OBDDs, they allow for operations such as conjunction and disjunction to be computed directly on the representation in polynomial time. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In artificial intelligence, a sentential decision diagram (SDD) is a type of knowledge representation used in knowledge compilation to represent Boolean functions. SDDs can be viewed as a generalization of the influential ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) representation, by allowing decisions on multiple variables at once. Crucially, like OBDDs, they allow for operations such as conjunction and disjunction to be computed directly on the representation in polynomial time.",
"title": ""
}
] | In artificial intelligence, a sentential decision diagram (SDD) is a type of knowledge representation used in knowledge compilation to represent Boolean functions. SDDs can be viewed as a generalization of the influential ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) representation, by allowing decisions on multiple variables at once. Crucially, like OBDDs, they allow for operations such as conjunction and disjunction to be computed directly on the representation in polynomial time. | 2023-12-13T00:06:08Z | 2023-12-30T01:04:33Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentential_Decision_Diagram |
75,548,895 | Leigh Signal | Tracey Leigh Signal is a New Zealand academic, and is a full professor at Massey University, specialising in fatigue and sleep, especially in relation to the aviation industry, and in women and children.
Signal trained as a commercial pilot before completing a Master's degree on shiftwork in air traffic services at Massey University,and a PhD in public health at the University of Otago. Her doctoral thesis was titled Scheduled napping on the night shift: consequences for the performance and neurophysiological alertness of air traffic controllers, and was supervised by Philippa Gander. Signal then joined the faculty at Massey, rising to full professor in 2021.
Signal works in the Fatigue Management and Sleep Health group of the Sleep/Wake Centre at Massey University. Her research interests cover two areas, She studies sleep and fatigue avoidance, identification and management in the workplace, particularly in the aviation industry, and in relation to workplace deaths and accidents. She also researches healthy sleep in women and children, changes in sleep that occur at different life stages, and the relationship between sleep and sporting performance. She published a book Sleeping better in pregnancy after experiencing problems sleeping during her own second pregnancy.
Signal has been an invited member of two International Civil Aviation Organisation Fatigue Risk Management Task Forces, and has contributed to national and global standards on civil aviation. She has provided expert advice to the Coroner's Office, WorkSafe New Zealand and to the Transport Accident Investigation Commission. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tracey Leigh Signal is a New Zealand academic, and is a full professor at Massey University, specialising in fatigue and sleep, especially in relation to the aviation industry, and in women and children.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Signal trained as a commercial pilot before completing a Master's degree on shiftwork in air traffic services at Massey University,and a PhD in public health at the University of Otago. Her doctoral thesis was titled Scheduled napping on the night shift: consequences for the performance and neurophysiological alertness of air traffic controllers, and was supervised by Philippa Gander. Signal then joined the faculty at Massey, rising to full professor in 2021.",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Signal works in the Fatigue Management and Sleep Health group of the Sleep/Wake Centre at Massey University. Her research interests cover two areas, She studies sleep and fatigue avoidance, identification and management in the workplace, particularly in the aviation industry, and in relation to workplace deaths and accidents. She also researches healthy sleep in women and children, changes in sleep that occur at different life stages, and the relationship between sleep and sporting performance. She published a book Sleeping better in pregnancy after experiencing problems sleeping during her own second pregnancy.",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Signal has been an invited member of two International Civil Aviation Organisation Fatigue Risk Management Task Forces, and has contributed to national and global standards on civil aviation. She has provided expert advice to the Coroner's Office, WorkSafe New Zealand and to the Transport Accident Investigation Commission.",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Tracey Leigh Signal is a New Zealand academic, and is a full professor at Massey University, specialising in fatigue and sleep, especially in relation to the aviation industry, and in women and children. | 2023-12-13T00:07:59Z | 2023-12-13T00:38:10Z | [
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75,548,984 | 1918 Copa de Honor MCBA Final | The 1918 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires Final was a football match that decided the champion of the 13th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Estadio G.E.B.A. (home of Gimnasia y Esgrima) in Buenos Aires, Independiente defeated Platense 1–0. winning its first (and only) Copa de Honor trophy.
The 1918 edition was contested by 28 clubs, 20 within Buenos Aires Province, and 8 from Liga Rosarina de Football. Playing in a single-elimination tournament, Independiente eliminated Columbian (4–3 at Estadio Crucecita in playoff after both teams had tied 1–1 in Boca Juniors Stadium), then arch-rival Racing Club 2–1 at home, Boca Juniors 2–1 in semifinals at Porteño's field in Palermo (goals by Galeano and Soro).
On the other hand, Platense defeated Estudiantes (LP) at Estadio Jorge Luis Hirschi, then eliminated Sportivo Barracas 2–1 in extra time, Tigre 3–0, Gimnasia y Esgrima 20 (both matches at their home venue) and finally Central Córdoba 3–2 in a match held in Club Gimnasia y Esgrima de Rosario's venue in Parque Independencia.
The final was held in Estadio GEBA on 1 November 1918. Independiente defeated Platense 1–0, to win their Copa de Honor trophy.ref>Campeón Copa de Honor Municipalidad Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1918 on Soydelrojo.com</ref> | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1918 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires Final was a football match that decided the champion of the 13th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Estadio G.E.B.A. (home of Gimnasia y Esgrima) in Buenos Aires, Independiente defeated Platense 1–0. winning its first (and only) Copa de Honor trophy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The 1918 edition was contested by 28 clubs, 20 within Buenos Aires Province, and 8 from Liga Rosarina de Football. Playing in a single-elimination tournament, Independiente eliminated Columbian (4–3 at Estadio Crucecita in playoff after both teams had tied 1–1 in Boca Juniors Stadium), then arch-rival Racing Club 2–1 at home, Boca Juniors 2–1 in semifinals at Porteño's field in Palermo (goals by Galeano and Soro).",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On the other hand, Platense defeated Estudiantes (LP) at Estadio Jorge Luis Hirschi, then eliminated Sportivo Barracas 2–1 in extra time, Tigre 3–0, Gimnasia y Esgrima 20 (both matches at their home venue) and finally Central Córdoba 3–2 in a match held in Club Gimnasia y Esgrima de Rosario's venue in Parque Independencia.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The final was held in Estadio GEBA on 1 November 1918. Independiente defeated Platense 1–0, to win their Copa de Honor trophy.ref>Campeón Copa de Honor Municipalidad Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1918 on Soydelrojo.com</ref>",
"title": "Overview"
}
] | The 1918 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires Final was a football match that decided the champion of the 13th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Estadio G.E.B.A. in Buenos Aires, Independiente defeated Platense 1–0. winning its first Copa de Honor trophy. | 2023-12-13T00:11:55Z | 2023-12-13T00:11:55Z | [
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75,548,989 | Relational transducer | Relational transducers are a theoretical model for studying computer systems through the lens of database relations. This model extends the transducer model in formal language theory. They were first introduced in 1998 by Abiteboul et al for the study of electronic commerce applications. The computation model treats the input and output as sequences of relations. The state of the transducer is a state of a database and transitions through the state machine can be thought of as updates to the database state. The model was inspired by the design of active databases and motivated by a desire to be able to express business applications declaratively via logical formulas.
The relational transducer model has been applied to the study of computer network management, e-commerce platforms, and coordination-free distributed systems.
A relational transducer has a schema made up of five components: In, State, Out, DB, and Log. In and Out represent the inputs to the system from users and the outputs back to the users respectively. DB represents the contents of the database and State represents the information that the system remembers. The Log contains the important subset of the inputs and outputs.
The relational schemas of each component are disjoint except for Log which is a subset of In ∪ Out.
A relational transducer over a relational transducer schema is made up of three parts:
Models of computation extending on relational transducers have been developed including the Distributed Shared Relations model for synchronous distributed systems and the Abstract State Machine Transducer model for verification of transaction protocols. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Relational transducers are a theoretical model for studying computer systems through the lens of database relations. This model extends the transducer model in formal language theory. They were first introduced in 1998 by Abiteboul et al for the study of electronic commerce applications. The computation model treats the input and output as sequences of relations. The state of the transducer is a state of a database and transitions through the state machine can be thought of as updates to the database state. The model was inspired by the design of active databases and motivated by a desire to be able to express business applications declaratively via logical formulas.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The relational transducer model has been applied to the study of computer network management, e-commerce platforms, and coordination-free distributed systems.",
"title": "Applications"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A relational transducer has a schema made up of five components: In, State, Out, DB, and Log. In and Out represent the inputs to the system from users and the outputs back to the users respectively. DB represents the contents of the database and State represents the information that the system remembers. The Log contains the important subset of the inputs and outputs.",
"title": "Formal specification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The relational schemas of each component are disjoint except for Log which is a subset of In ∪ Out.",
"title": "Formal specification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "A relational transducer over a relational transducer schema is made up of three parts:",
"title": "Formal specification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Models of computation extending on relational transducers have been developed including the Distributed Shared Relations model for synchronous distributed systems and the Abstract State Machine Transducer model for verification of transaction protocols.",
"title": "Related models"
}
] | Relational transducers are a theoretical model for studying computer systems through the lens of database relations. This model extends the transducer model in formal language theory. They were first introduced in 1998 by Abiteboul et al for the study of electronic commerce applications. The computation model treats the input and output as sequences of relations. The state of the transducer is a state of a database and transitions through the state machine can be thought of as updates to the database state. The model was inspired by the design of active databases and motivated by a desire to be able to express business applications declaratively via logical formulas. | 2023-12-13T00:12:08Z | 2023-12-18T03:55:16Z | [
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75,549,091 | Syzygium brevifolium | Syzygium brevifolium is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. It is a tree endemic to the Samoan Islands. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Syzygium brevifolium is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. It is a tree endemic to the Samoan Islands.",
"title": ""
}
] | Syzygium brevifolium is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. It is a tree endemic to the Samoan Islands. | 2023-12-13T00:19:12Z | 2023-12-13T00:19:12Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygium_brevifolium |
75,549,112 | Civil Parishes of Guimarães | Guimarães is divided into 48 civil parishes, most of which were created as civil entities in the 19th century and some were merged in the 21st century. These parishes are grouped into three areas recognized by the Municipal masterplan: urban (city), suburban and rural.
Currently, the municipality is divided into 48 civil parishes (freguesias), some are unions of previously existing parishes, and others remained untouched after the reorganization of the territory in 2013:
Before their extinction in 2013, Guimarães had a total of 69 different parishes, some were extinct and others were merged: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Guimarães is divided into 48 civil parishes, most of which were created as civil entities in the 19th century and some were merged in the 21st century. These parishes are grouped into three areas recognized by the Municipal masterplan: urban (city), suburban and rural.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Currently, the municipality is divided into 48 civil parishes (freguesias), some are unions of previously existing parishes, and others remained untouched after the reorganization of the territory in 2013:",
"title": "Current parishes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Before their extinction in 2013, Guimarães had a total of 69 different parishes, some were extinct and others were merged:",
"title": "Extinct parishes"
}
] | Guimarães is divided into 48 civil parishes, most of which were created as civil entities in the 19th century and some were merged in the 21st century. These parishes are grouped into three areas recognized by the Municipal masterplan: urban (city), suburban and rural. | 2023-12-13T00:22:09Z | 2023-12-22T00:59:37Z | [
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75,549,251 | Bekko candy | redirectHard_candy#In_Japan | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "redirectHard_candy#In_Japan",
"title": ""
}
] | redirectHard_candy#In_Japan | 2023-12-13T00:32:57Z | 2023-12-13T00:32:57Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekko_candy |
75,549,286 | Artiguist Legion | The Artiguist Legion (Spanish: Legión Artiguista) was an anti-communist social and political movement in Uruguay.
The Legion claimed to follow the ideology of the Uruguayan national hero José Gervasio Artigas from a "practical and constructive" point of view, based on social action across the country. The movement was born mainly as a social organization concerned with social justice and patriotic propaganda, despite it gradually shifted towards more extremist right-wing views.
Legionaries were radically opposed to communism from a nationalist point of view, considering it the "most outright denial of the ideas and struggles of Artigas". The movement was anti-liberal as well, and supported economic nationalism against the liberalizing policies promoted by the government. Despite supporting liberal democracy, the movement was in favour of the proscription of the Communist Party.
The Legion was founded as the Eastern Artiguist Legion in 1961, but only became an important nationwide movement in 1963. Its members were mostly civilians, despite most of its founders and leading figures were retired military personnel. Raúl Sartorio, an army sergeant expulsed under accusations of nazi propaganda, served as Secretary General of the movement, while the presidency of the Legion was held by captain Vicente Vivas Chappe. The movement had a wide presence in the national police and armed forces.
One of the main concerns of the movement was a perceived "laziness" of the Uruguayan people, which was seen by legionaries as promoted by trade unionism and civil service. In a context of deep economic crisis, the Legion called its members to "produce more and better" as that was the "only economic miracle" the country was to search for. Legionaries despised trade unionists as "professional agitators" who were not representative of the general opinions of the working class and were supported and financed by "foreign forces". The organization was opposed to the economically liberal policies carried out by the National Party, and adopted an anti-political rhetoric based on the unableness of professional politicians to counter communist revolutionaries appropriately. The Legion developed a counter-revolutionary rhetoric and promoted the undertaking of legal reforms that would make the state more effective in order to defend itself against foreign enemies.
Legionaries carried out a wide number of political campaigns that ranged from the distribution of leaflets, newspapers and flags to television and radiophonic propaganda. The movement was centered in "creating conscience" and resurrecting supposedly lost patriotic and national values based on selflessness and social duty. The Legion believed the crisis was to be solved through a collective self-sacrifice of the "moral forces of the nation" that were to leave gremial and personal interests behind and build a future nation through hard work and collaboration. The organization supported social justice and charity as a way of neutralizing communist claims.
The Legion was initially supported by many relevant figures of the Uruguayan society such as Juana de Ibarbourou, Edgardo Ubaldo Genta or Pedro Berro. All of them were part of the organization's honorary directive board.
In 1963, the most radical faction of the movement split from the organization and founded the Tricolour Vanguard (Spanish: Vanguardia Tricolor) with the objective of establishing a "Government of National Revolution" through violent means. This revolutionary administration would establish a corporatist developmental state effective for the banishment of communism from the country. In 1964, a complaint of a coup attempt by the Artiguist Legion was presented in Treinta y Tres, what led to a heavy police crackdown on the movement. The existence of the project has been questioned, as most of the interrogued members expressed not being aware of the plot save for those of worst reputation. The movement had already been accused of nazi sympathies by MP Jorge Vila and raised the attention of the parliament after a series of unidentified violent attacks.
The Legion continued its activities after the crackdown, despite its reputation was highly severed. Its rhetoric became closer to the Vanguard's in being outspokenly militarist, anti-democratic and revolutionary, and expressed favourable views of the regime of Humberto Castelo Branco in Brazil. The movement praised the armed forces and the figure of Esteban Cristi (future member of the Lieutenants of Artigas secret society), calling the army to the "hour of the sword" in which a nationalist coup d'état would save the country from communist infiltration and create a "new time" where the oligarchy, the political parties and the bourgeoisie would have been destroyed. | [
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"text": "The Artiguist Legion (Spanish: Legión Artiguista) was an anti-communist social and political movement in Uruguay.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Legion claimed to follow the ideology of the Uruguayan national hero José Gervasio Artigas from a \"practical and constructive\" point of view, based on social action across the country. The movement was born mainly as a social organization concerned with social justice and patriotic propaganda, despite it gradually shifted towards more extremist right-wing views.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Legionaries were radically opposed to communism from a nationalist point of view, considering it the \"most outright denial of the ideas and struggles of Artigas\". The movement was anti-liberal as well, and supported economic nationalism against the liberalizing policies promoted by the government. Despite supporting liberal democracy, the movement was in favour of the proscription of the Communist Party.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Legion was founded as the Eastern Artiguist Legion in 1961, but only became an important nationwide movement in 1963. Its members were mostly civilians, despite most of its founders and leading figures were retired military personnel. Raúl Sartorio, an army sergeant expulsed under accusations of nazi propaganda, served as Secretary General of the movement, while the presidency of the Legion was held by captain Vicente Vivas Chappe. The movement had a wide presence in the national police and armed forces.",
"title": "Ideology and early years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "One of the main concerns of the movement was a perceived \"laziness\" of the Uruguayan people, which was seen by legionaries as promoted by trade unionism and civil service. In a context of deep economic crisis, the Legion called its members to \"produce more and better\" as that was the \"only economic miracle\" the country was to search for. Legionaries despised trade unionists as \"professional agitators\" who were not representative of the general opinions of the working class and were supported and financed by \"foreign forces\". The organization was opposed to the economically liberal policies carried out by the National Party, and adopted an anti-political rhetoric based on the unableness of professional politicians to counter communist revolutionaries appropriately. The Legion developed a counter-revolutionary rhetoric and promoted the undertaking of legal reforms that would make the state more effective in order to defend itself against foreign enemies.",
"title": "Ideology and early years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Legionaries carried out a wide number of political campaigns that ranged from the distribution of leaflets, newspapers and flags to television and radiophonic propaganda. The movement was centered in \"creating conscience\" and resurrecting supposedly lost patriotic and national values based on selflessness and social duty. The Legion believed the crisis was to be solved through a collective self-sacrifice of the \"moral forces of the nation\" that were to leave gremial and personal interests behind and build a future nation through hard work and collaboration. The organization supported social justice and charity as a way of neutralizing communist claims.",
"title": "Ideology and early years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Legion was initially supported by many relevant figures of the Uruguayan society such as Juana de Ibarbourou, Edgardo Ubaldo Genta or Pedro Berro. All of them were part of the organization's honorary directive board.",
"title": "Ideology and early years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 1963, the most radical faction of the movement split from the organization and founded the Tricolour Vanguard (Spanish: Vanguardia Tricolor) with the objective of establishing a \"Government of National Revolution\" through violent means. This revolutionary administration would establish a corporatist developmental state effective for the banishment of communism from the country. In 1964, a complaint of a coup attempt by the Artiguist Legion was presented in Treinta y Tres, what led to a heavy police crackdown on the movement. The existence of the project has been questioned, as most of the interrogued members expressed not being aware of the plot save for those of worst reputation. The movement had already been accused of nazi sympathies by MP Jorge Vila and raised the attention of the parliament after a series of unidentified violent attacks.",
"title": "Far-right shift"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The Legion continued its activities after the crackdown, despite its reputation was highly severed. Its rhetoric became closer to the Vanguard's in being outspokenly militarist, anti-democratic and revolutionary, and expressed favourable views of the regime of Humberto Castelo Branco in Brazil. The movement praised the armed forces and the figure of Esteban Cristi (future member of the Lieutenants of Artigas secret society), calling the army to the \"hour of the sword\" in which a nationalist coup d'état would save the country from communist infiltration and create a \"new time\" where the oligarchy, the political parties and the bourgeoisie would have been destroyed.",
"title": "Far-right shift"
}
] | The Artiguist Legion was an anti-communist social and political movement in Uruguay. The Legion claimed to follow the ideology of the Uruguayan national hero José Gervasio Artigas from a "practical and constructive" point of view, based on social action across the country. The movement was born mainly as a social organization concerned with social justice and patriotic propaganda, despite it gradually shifted towards more extremist right-wing views. Legionaries were radically opposed to communism from a nationalist point of view, considering it the "most outright denial of the ideas and struggles of Artigas". The movement was anti-liberal as well, and supported economic nationalism against the liberalizing policies promoted by the government. Despite supporting liberal democracy, the movement was in favour of the proscription of the Communist Party. | 2023-12-13T00:36:01Z | 2023-12-17T12:44:04Z | [
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75,549,306 | Clássico Vovô | The Clássico Vovô (English: Grandpa Derby or Grandfather Derby) is the name given to Botafogo and Fluminense association football derby, both teams from the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the oldest classic among the big clubs in Brazil, and the third oldest in America.
Botafogo and Fluminense are two of the four big clubs in Rio de Janeiro, along with Flamengo and Vasco da Gama.
Matches take place at the Maracanã Stadium, with 78 thousand seats, and at the Nilton Santos Stadium, with 45 thousand seats, located in the Engenho de Dentro neighborhood.
The most contested tournament by teams is the Carioca Championship, with Botafogo winning the competition 21 times, and Fluminense 33. In the Brazilian Championship, Botafogo won two titles and Fluminense won four, in addition to the Brazil Cup.
At international level, Botafogo has won the CONMEBOL Cup, and Fluminense has won a Copa Libertadores and a Copa Rio, which it claims is equivalent to a Club World Cup. Fluminense is the only football team in the world to hold the IOC Olympic Cup ("Coupe Olympique"), a non-competitive award for distinguished service in defending the ideals of the Olympic Movement and for considering the particular merits of institutions or associations and their services provided to sport, achieved in 1949.
Oscar Cox, founder of Fluminense Football Club, was one of those largely responsible for bringing football to Rio de Janeiro, and in 1902 he created the city's first football club, in the Laranjeiras neighborhood. Two years later, students from the Alfredo Gomes school, in Botafogo, decided to create a football team in their own neighborhood, starting the Botafogo Football Club, which years later would join the neighborhood's rowing club, and form the Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas.
The name comes from being the two oldest practicing football clubs among the great clubs of Rio de Janeiro, and this is also the oldest classic in Brazil, because its first game was on October 22, 1905, friendly that Fluminense won by 6–0.
In 1906, the first Carioca Football Championship was formed, six clubs came together and created the LMF (Liga Metropolitana de Football, or Metropolitan Football League), including Botafogo and Fluminense. The Fluminense team was made up of Brazilian and English players, and won this first championship, applying the biggest score of the classic 8-0 over Botafogo, made up of young students.
The 1907 Carioca Championship had several problems in its execution, starting with the withdrawal of Bangu and Rio Cricket from the competition. Botafogo and Fluminense finished tied in championship points, but Fluminense's goal average was higher, at the time it was decided by the Metropolitan League that Fluminense would win the title. Botafogo never recognized their rival's achievement, claiming that the tiebreaker criteria at the time were not clear, and a tiebreaker game should have been held. The legal dispute for the title lasted until 1996, when FFERJ declared both 1907 champions.
The Grandpa Derby directly decided the Campeonato Carioca nine times, with Flu becoming champion in 1908, 1909, 1946, 1959, 1971, 1975 and 2012, and Fogão in 1910 and 1957.
Latest updated: Fluminense 0–2 Botafogo, in Maracanã Stadium (played on October 8, 2023)
Note (1): Although Flamengo and Fluminense both consider themselves champions of the Torneio Rio–São Paulo in 1940 (according to some sources, the other clubs that participated in this competition too considered Flamengo and Fluminense champions of this competition), officially this competition ended without an official champion. Making officially Flamengo have 1 Torneio Rio–São Paulo and Fluminense 2 Torneio Rio–São Paulo. | [
{
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"text": "The Clássico Vovô (English: Grandpa Derby or Grandfather Derby) is the name given to Botafogo and Fluminense association football derby, both teams from the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the oldest classic among the big clubs in Brazil, and the third oldest in America.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Botafogo and Fluminense are two of the four big clubs in Rio de Janeiro, along with Flamengo and Vasco da Gama.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Matches take place at the Maracanã Stadium, with 78 thousand seats, and at the Nilton Santos Stadium, with 45 thousand seats, located in the Engenho de Dentro neighborhood.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The most contested tournament by teams is the Carioca Championship, with Botafogo winning the competition 21 times, and Fluminense 33. In the Brazilian Championship, Botafogo won two titles and Fluminense won four, in addition to the Brazil Cup.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "At international level, Botafogo has won the CONMEBOL Cup, and Fluminense has won a Copa Libertadores and a Copa Rio, which it claims is equivalent to a Club World Cup. Fluminense is the only football team in the world to hold the IOC Olympic Cup (\"Coupe Olympique\"), a non-competitive award for distinguished service in defending the ideals of the Olympic Movement and for considering the particular merits of institutions or associations and their services provided to sport, achieved in 1949.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Oscar Cox, founder of Fluminense Football Club, was one of those largely responsible for bringing football to Rio de Janeiro, and in 1902 he created the city's first football club, in the Laranjeiras neighborhood. Two years later, students from the Alfredo Gomes school, in Botafogo, decided to create a football team in their own neighborhood, starting the Botafogo Football Club, which years later would join the neighborhood's rowing club, and form the Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The name comes from being the two oldest practicing football clubs among the great clubs of Rio de Janeiro, and this is also the oldest classic in Brazil, because its first game was on October 22, 1905, friendly that Fluminense won by 6–0.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 1906, the first Carioca Football Championship was formed, six clubs came together and created the LMF (Liga Metropolitana de Football, or Metropolitan Football League), including Botafogo and Fluminense. The Fluminense team was made up of Brazilian and English players, and won this first championship, applying the biggest score of the classic 8-0 over Botafogo, made up of young students.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The 1907 Carioca Championship had several problems in its execution, starting with the withdrawal of Bangu and Rio Cricket from the competition. Botafogo and Fluminense finished tied in championship points, but Fluminense's goal average was higher, at the time it was decided by the Metropolitan League that Fluminense would win the title. Botafogo never recognized their rival's achievement, claiming that the tiebreaker criteria at the time were not clear, and a tiebreaker game should have been held. The legal dispute for the title lasted until 1996, when FFERJ declared both 1907 champions.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The Grandpa Derby directly decided the Campeonato Carioca nine times, with Flu becoming champion in 1908, 1909, 1946, 1959, 1971, 1975 and 2012, and Fogão in 1910 and 1957.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Latest updated: Fluminense 0–2 Botafogo, in Maracanã Stadium (played on October 8, 2023)",
"title": "Statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Note (1): Although Flamengo and Fluminense both consider themselves champions of the Torneio Rio–São Paulo in 1940 (according to some sources, the other clubs that participated in this competition too considered Flamengo and Fluminense champions of this competition), officially this competition ended without an official champion. Making officially Flamengo have 1 Torneio Rio–São Paulo and Fluminense 2 Torneio Rio–São Paulo.",
"title": "Statistics"
}
] | The Clássico Vovô is the name given to Botafogo and Fluminense association football derby, both teams from the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the oldest classic among the big clubs in Brazil, and the third oldest in America. Botafogo and Fluminense are two of the four big clubs in Rio de Janeiro, along with Flamengo and Vasco da Gama. Matches take place at the Maracanã Stadium, with 78 thousand seats, and at the Nilton Santos Stadium, with 45 thousand seats, located in the Engenho de Dentro neighborhood. The most contested tournament by teams is the Carioca Championship, with Botafogo winning the competition 21 times, and Fluminense 33. In the Brazilian Championship, Botafogo won two titles and Fluminense won four, in addition to the Brazil Cup. At international level, Botafogo has won the CONMEBOL Cup, and Fluminense has won a Copa Libertadores and a Copa Rio, which it claims is equivalent to a Club World Cup. Fluminense is the only football team in the world to hold the IOC Olympic Cup, a non-competitive award for distinguished service in defending the ideals of the Olympic Movement and for considering the particular merits of institutions or associations and their services provided to sport, achieved in 1949. | 2023-12-13T00:38:36Z | 2023-12-13T11:15:26Z | [
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75,549,316 | Alexander Mihailovich Zamorzaev | Alexander Mihailovich Zamorzaev (Russian: Александр Михайлович Заморзаев; 27 January 1927 – 1 November 1997) was a Soviet mathematician and crystallographer. In 1953 Zamorzaev was the first to derive the complete list of magnetic space groups (Shubnikov groups). In 1957 Zamorzaev founded the field of generalised antisymmetry by introducing the concept of more than one kind of two-valued antisymmetry operation.
Zamorzaev was born on 23 January 1927 in Leningrad. In 1953 at the University of Leningrad, under the supervision of A.D. Aleksandrov, he gained the M.A. degree with the dissertation Generalization of Fedorov groups, in which he developed the general theory of antisymmetry. In this work he derived for the first time the 1651 antisymmetry space groups, and named them "Shubnikov groups", after A.V. Shubnikov the pioneer of antisymmetry.
In 1953 he became a mathematics lecturer at the newly opened University of Kishinev (Chișinău). Besides teaching the regular mathematics curriculum, and supervising graduate students, Zamorzaev devised and taught new courses in the areas of discrete geometry, theoretical crystallography, and antisymmetry and its generalisations.
In 1971 he gained his doctoral degree with a thesis entitled Theory of Antisymmetry and its Different Generalizations. The thesis was based on his new theories of geometry and mathematical crystallography, 1) multiple antisymmetry; 2) similarity and conformal symmetry; and 3) P-symmetry, including generalisations of A. V. Shubnikov's antisymmetry and N. V. Belov's color symmetry.
In 1973 a department of higher geometry was established within the university and Zamorzaev was appointed as professor and head of the department. A history of the personnel and achievements of Zamorzaev's school of geometry is available online.
The majority of Zamorzaev's works were published in Russian. Books published by Zamorzaev:
Zamorzaev published 110 papers. Selected papers available in English: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Alexander Mihailovich Zamorzaev (Russian: Александр Михайлович Заморзаев; 27 January 1927 – 1 November 1997) was a Soviet mathematician and crystallographer. In 1953 Zamorzaev was the first to derive the complete list of magnetic space groups (Shubnikov groups). In 1957 Zamorzaev founded the field of generalised antisymmetry by introducing the concept of more than one kind of two-valued antisymmetry operation.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zamorzaev was born on 23 January 1927 in Leningrad. In 1953 at the University of Leningrad, under the supervision of A.D. Aleksandrov, he gained the M.A. degree with the dissertation Generalization of Fedorov groups, in which he developed the general theory of antisymmetry. In this work he derived for the first time the 1651 antisymmetry space groups, and named them \"Shubnikov groups\", after A.V. Shubnikov the pioneer of antisymmetry.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1953 he became a mathematics lecturer at the newly opened University of Kishinev (Chișinău). Besides teaching the regular mathematics curriculum, and supervising graduate students, Zamorzaev devised and taught new courses in the areas of discrete geometry, theoretical crystallography, and antisymmetry and its generalisations.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1971 he gained his doctoral degree with a thesis entitled Theory of Antisymmetry and its Different Generalizations. The thesis was based on his new theories of geometry and mathematical crystallography, 1) multiple antisymmetry; 2) similarity and conformal symmetry; and 3) P-symmetry, including generalisations of A. V. Shubnikov's antisymmetry and N. V. Belov's color symmetry.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1973 a department of higher geometry was established within the university and Zamorzaev was appointed as professor and head of the department. A history of the personnel and achievements of Zamorzaev's school of geometry is available online.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The majority of Zamorzaev's works were published in Russian. Books published by Zamorzaev:",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Zamorzaev published 110 papers. Selected papers available in English:",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Alexander Mihailovich Zamorzaev was a Soviet mathematician and crystallographer. In 1953 Zamorzaev was the first to derive the complete list of magnetic space groups. In 1957 Zamorzaev founded the field of generalised antisymmetry by introducing the concept of more than one kind of two-valued antisymmetry operation. | 2023-12-13T00:40:30Z | 2023-12-17T00:53:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Mihailovich_Zamorzaev |
75,549,324 | Frederik Hauch | Frederik Hauch (25 August 1754 - 27 October 1839) was a Danish government official who served as postmaster general and county governor., He was the brother of Adam Wilhelm Hauch and brother of Carsten Hauch.
Hauch was born on 23 August 1754 in Copenhagen to general in the Royal Danish Army Andreas Hauch and Sophie née Styrup. He started his career as page (from 1766) and kammerpage (from 1770) for Christian VII with permission to simultaneously attend classes at Sorø Academy. In 1881, he was removed from court by Struense with 400 Danish rigsdaler in temporary salery (ventepenge). The reason for this was that, according to Struensee, Hauch's appointment at court was part of an intrigue that lord chamberlain Conrad Holck had arranged to displace the king's favorite, Fritz von Warnstedt. In 1773, Hauch left Sorø and in the same year passed a Danish law exam (as opposed to the more prestigious one in latin) at the University of Kiel. He then traveled abroad and continued his studies, first for two years at the University of Göttingen and then for a year at the academy in Angers.
After his return in 1777, he became an auscultant in the Supreme Court, despite the fact that he had not submitted to the legal official exam "in Latin". In 1779 he became chamberlain. In 1781, he was appointed county governor of Smålenenes County in Norway. In 1789, he was appointed prefect of the Diocese of of Bergen and county governor of Søndre Bergenhus County. In 1802, he returned to Denmark to serve as prefect of the Diocese of Zealand and the Faroe Islands as well as county governor of Copenhagen County and the Faroe Islands.The following year, on 22 May, he became a Knight of Dannebrog and extraordinary judge in the Supreme Court. In 1810 according to an royal decree. he was appointed postmaster general and also in the same year a member of the Postkassepensionsdirektionen. He retired from the end of the year 1833.
Hauch married to Karen Tank (1764-1802), daughter of Niels Tank til Rød Manor and Sophia Catharina Tank.
Hauch died on 27 October 1839 in the Stable Master's House in Copenhagen. He was survived by a daughter and two sons. One of the sons was the author
In 1811, Hauch was awarded the title of gehejmekonferensråd . On 22 May 1823, Hauch was created a Knight of the Order of the Fannebrog. On 25 May 1836, he was awarded the Order of the Danneborg's Cross of Honour. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Frederik Hauch (25 August 1754 - 27 October 1839) was a Danish government official who served as postmaster general and county governor., He was the brother of Adam Wilhelm Hauch and brother of Carsten Hauch.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Hauch was born on 23 August 1754 in Copenhagen to general in the Royal Danish Army Andreas Hauch and Sophie née Styrup. He started his career as page (from 1766) and kammerpage (from 1770) for Christian VII with permission to simultaneously attend classes at Sorø Academy. In 1881, he was removed from court by Struense with 400 Danish rigsdaler in temporary salery (ventepenge). The reason for this was that, according to Struensee, Hauch's appointment at court was part of an intrigue that lord chamberlain Conrad Holck had arranged to displace the king's favorite, Fritz von Warnstedt. In 1773, Hauch left Sorø and in the same year passed a Danish law exam (as opposed to the more prestigious one in latin) at the University of Kiel. He then traveled abroad and continued his studies, first for two years at the University of Göttingen and then for a year at the academy in Angers.",
"title": "Rarly life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After his return in 1777, he became an auscultant in the Supreme Court, despite the fact that he had not submitted to the legal official exam \"in Latin\". In 1779 he became chamberlain. In 1781, he was appointed county governor of Smålenenes County in Norway. In 1789, he was appointed prefect of the Diocese of of Bergen and county governor of Søndre Bergenhus County. In 1802, he returned to Denmark to serve as prefect of the Diocese of Zealand and the Faroe Islands as well as county governor of Copenhagen County and the Faroe Islands.The following year, on 22 May, he became a Knight of Dannebrog and extraordinary judge in the Supreme Court. In 1810 according to an royal decree. he was appointed postmaster general and also in the same year a member of the Postkassepensionsdirektionen. He retired from the end of the year 1833.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Hauch married to Karen Tank (1764-1802), daughter of Niels Tank til Rød Manor and Sophia Catharina Tank.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Hauch died on 27 October 1839 in the Stable Master's House in Copenhagen. He was survived by a daughter and two sons. One of the sons was the author",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1811, Hauch was awarded the title of gehejmekonferensråd . On 22 May 1823, Hauch was created a Knight of the Order of the Fannebrog. On 25 May 1836, he was awarded the Order of the Danneborg's Cross of Honour.",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Frederik Hauch was a Danish government official who served as postmaster general and county governor., He was the brother of Adam Wilhelm Hauch and brother of Carsten Hauch. | 2023-12-13T00:42:06Z | 2023-12-13T11:16:29Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_Hauch |
75,549,331 | 2024–25 Johor Darul Ta'zim F.C. season | The 2024–25 season is Johor Darul Ta'zim Football Club's 51st season in club history and 10th season in the Malaysia Super League after rebranding their name from Johor FC.
Pre-season
Mid-season
Pre-season
Mid-season
Pre-season
Pre-season
Mid-season
Win Draw Loss
Win Draw Loss
Update: 16 August 2022
@ 7 November 2023 | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024–25 season is Johor Darul Ta'zim Football Club's 51st season in club history and 10th season in the Malaysia Super League after rebranding their name from Johor FC.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Pre-season",
"title": "Transfers and contracts"
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{
"paragraph_id": 2,
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"title": "Transfers and contracts"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
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"title": "Transfers and contracts"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Mid-season",
"title": "Transfers and contracts"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Pre-season",
"title": "Transfers and contracts"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Pre-season",
"title": "Transfers and contracts"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Mid-season",
"title": "Transfers and contracts"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Win Draw Loss",
"title": "Friendly matches"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Win Draw Loss",
"title": "Competitions (JDT)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Update: 16 August 2022",
"title": "Competitions (JDT)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "",
"title": "Competitions (JDT)"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "@ 7 November 2023",
"title": "Club statistics"
}
] | The 2024–25 season is Johor Darul Ta'zim Football Club's 51st season in club history and 10th season in the Malaysia Super League after rebranding their name from Johor FC. | 2023-12-13T00:43:07Z | 2023-12-30T09:42:22Z | [
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75,549,337 | Grandpa Derby | #REDIRECT [[Clássico Vovô]] | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "#REDIRECT [[Clássico Vovô]]",
"title": ""
}
] | #REDIRECT [[Clássico Vovô]] | 2023-12-13T00:44:24Z | 2023-12-13T00:44:24Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandpa_Derby |
75,549,372 | 2023 Atlantic 10 Conference women's soccer tournament | The 2023 Atlantic 10 Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Atlantic 10 Conference held from October 27 through November 5, 2023. The quarterfinals of the tournament were held at campus sites, while the semifinals and final took place at the home stadium of the highest remaining seed. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The defending tournament champions were the Saint Louis Billikens, who successfully defended their championship as the first seed, defeating second seed La Salle in the final. This was the Billikens' eighth overall tournament title, and coach Katie Shields' fifth title. Shields and Saint Louis have won six straight Atlantic 10 Tournaments in a row. As tournament champions, Saint Louis earned the Atlantic 10's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament.
The top eight teams in regular season play qualified for the tournament.
Source:
There were 17 goals scored in 7 matches, for an average of 2.43 goals per match (as of November 5, 2023).
Source:
MVP in bold | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Atlantic 10 Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Atlantic 10 Conference held from October 27 through November 5, 2023. The quarterfinals of the tournament were held at campus sites, while the semifinals and final took place at the home stadium of the highest remaining seed. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The defending tournament champions were the Saint Louis Billikens, who successfully defended their championship as the first seed, defeating second seed La Salle in the final. This was the Billikens' eighth overall tournament title, and coach Katie Shields' fifth title. Shields and Saint Louis have won six straight Atlantic 10 Tournaments in a row. As tournament champions, Saint Louis earned the Atlantic 10's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The top eight teams in regular season play qualified for the tournament.",
"title": "Seeding"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "Bracket"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "There were 17 goals scored in 7 matches, for an average of 2.43 goals per match (as of November 5, 2023).",
"title": "Statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "All Tournament Team"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "MVP in bold",
"title": "All Tournament Team"
}
] | The 2023 Atlantic 10 Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Atlantic 10 Conference held from October 27 through November 5, 2023. The quarterfinals of the tournament were held at campus sites, while the semifinals and final took place at the home stadium of the highest remaining seed. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The defending tournament champions were the Saint Louis Billikens, who successfully defended their championship as the first seed, defeating second seed La Salle in the final. This was the Billikens' eighth overall tournament title, and coach Katie Shields' fifth title. Shields and Saint Louis have won six straight Atlantic 10 Tournaments in a row. As tournament champions, Saint Louis earned the Atlantic 10's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament. | 2023-12-13T00:48:20Z | 2023-12-13T01:41:12Z | [
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75,549,384 | Second Battle of Bull Run order of battle | The order of battle for the Second Battle of Bull Run includes: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The order of battle for the Second Battle of Bull Run includes:",
"title": ""
}
] | The order of battle for the Second Battle of Bull Run includes: Second Battle of Bull Run order of battle: Confederate
Second Battle of Bull Run order of battle: Union | 2023-12-13T00:49:03Z | 2023-12-16T07:29:01Z | [
"Template:List of lists"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run_order_of_battle |
75,549,388 | Jane T. Worthington | Jane T. Worthington (1821-1847) was an American essayist and poet.
Jane Tayloe Lomax was a native of Virginia, and descended from a distinguished family of that State. Her father was Colonel Lomax, of the United States Army.
By the frequent changes of residence involved in military service, she was afforded large opportunities for observation and social and intellectual culture, but she always retained a strong attachment for her native State. Nearly all her writings, in prose and verse, appeared in the Southern Literary Messenger of Richmond, Virginia. Her compositions -her essays especially- were considered of merit, while her poems had a graceful simplicity, in keeping with her character.
She married Dr. F. A. Worthington, of Ohio. She died in 1847. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jane T. Worthington (1821-1847) was an American essayist and poet.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Jane Tayloe Lomax was a native of Virginia, and descended from a distinguished family of that State. Her father was Colonel Lomax, of the United States Army.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "By the frequent changes of residence involved in military service, she was afforded large opportunities for observation and social and intellectual culture, but she always retained a strong attachment for her native State. Nearly all her writings, in prose and verse, appeared in the Southern Literary Messenger of Richmond, Virginia. Her compositions -her essays especially- were considered of merit, while her poems had a graceful simplicity, in keeping with her character.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She married Dr. F. A. Worthington, of Ohio. She died in 1847.",
"title": ""
}
] | Jane T. Worthington (1821-1847) was an American essayist and poet. Jane Tayloe Lomax was a native of Virginia, and descended from a distinguished family of that State. Her father was Colonel Lomax, of the United States Army. By the frequent changes of residence involved in military service, she was afforded large opportunities for observation and social and intellectual culture, but she always retained a strong attachment for her native State. Nearly all her writings, in prose and verse, appeared in the Southern Literary Messenger of Richmond, Virginia. Her compositions -her essays especially- were considered of merit, while her poems had a graceful simplicity, in keeping with her character. She married Dr. F. A. Worthington, of Ohio. She died in 1847. | 2023-12-13T00:50:16Z | 2023-12-13T18:51:39Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_T._Worthington |
75,549,389 | Mauds Landing | Mauds Landing is a historic beach located approximately 3 kilometers north of Coral Bay, Western Australia. The site was initially intended as a port for wool and livestock transportation. Presently, it stands as a vital nesting site for Green and Loggerhead turtles, with remnants of its past still evident along the coastline.
Mauds Landing, initially a historical settlement site, is a beach located within Coral Bay, Western Australia. The beach spans approximately 8.5 kilometers, starting from the point of the bay and curving gently northeastward before concluding near Oyster Bridge, where a 200-meter beachrock reef marks its end. The shoreline predominantly faces north to north-east and is sheltered by an offshore reef, resulting in generally calm, reflective conditions along most of its stretch, with wave heights typically averaging under 0.5 meters.
Mauds Landing was established as a town site reserve in 1896 after the arrival of the schooner 'Maud,' whose captain identified the area. A substantial jetty, extending 450 meters into the sea with a 30-meter long and 6-meter wide T-head, was constructed along with more infrastructure including a tramway, a well, and a woolshed. The port served as a pivotal shipping point for wool, sheep, and cattle until the late 1940s. However, shipping activities ceased in 1947, leading to the dismantling of the jetty and subsequent relocation of the structure by the Northwest Whaling Company to Norwegian Bay, 85 kilometers north of its original location.
From 1968 onwards, a competing settlement emerged southwards at Bills Bay, featuring a hotel, caravan park, and service station, eventually developing into the present-day Coral Bay. Despite Mauds Landing's historical significance and multiple proposed developmental initiatives, including oil exploration, fish processing, and jetty construction, none materialized, and by 1969, new town site boundaries were established, incorporating parts of the original site into Cardabia Station's lease.
Remnants of Mauds Landing include weathered remains such as protruding jetty piles and remnants of the old wool shed.
Presently, Mauds Landing serves as a crucial nesting ground for endangered Green and Loggerhead turtles. The beach remains a sacred area for many locals of Coral Bay due to its significance as a major turtle nesting site. Nesting season for turtles occurs between December and March, during which visitors are advised to maintain a minimum distance of 15 meters from the turtles and refrain from using torches or flash photography near them. Besides turtle nesting, the area is renowned for excellent beach fishing, especially accessible to 4WD vehicles. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mauds Landing is a historic beach located approximately 3 kilometers north of Coral Bay, Western Australia. The site was initially intended as a port for wool and livestock transportation. Presently, it stands as a vital nesting site for Green and Loggerhead turtles, with remnants of its past still evident along the coastline.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mauds Landing, initially a historical settlement site, is a beach located within Coral Bay, Western Australia. The beach spans approximately 8.5 kilometers, starting from the point of the bay and curving gently northeastward before concluding near Oyster Bridge, where a 200-meter beachrock reef marks its end. The shoreline predominantly faces north to north-east and is sheltered by an offshore reef, resulting in generally calm, reflective conditions along most of its stretch, with wave heights typically averaging under 0.5 meters.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Mauds Landing was established as a town site reserve in 1896 after the arrival of the schooner 'Maud,' whose captain identified the area. A substantial jetty, extending 450 meters into the sea with a 30-meter long and 6-meter wide T-head, was constructed along with more infrastructure including a tramway, a well, and a woolshed. The port served as a pivotal shipping point for wool, sheep, and cattle until the late 1940s. However, shipping activities ceased in 1947, leading to the dismantling of the jetty and subsequent relocation of the structure by the Northwest Whaling Company to Norwegian Bay, 85 kilometers north of its original location.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "From 1968 onwards, a competing settlement emerged southwards at Bills Bay, featuring a hotel, caravan park, and service station, eventually developing into the present-day Coral Bay. Despite Mauds Landing's historical significance and multiple proposed developmental initiatives, including oil exploration, fish processing, and jetty construction, none materialized, and by 1969, new town site boundaries were established, incorporating parts of the original site into Cardabia Station's lease.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Remnants of Mauds Landing include weathered remains such as protruding jetty piles and remnants of the old wool shed.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Presently, Mauds Landing serves as a crucial nesting ground for endangered Green and Loggerhead turtles. The beach remains a sacred area for many locals of Coral Bay due to its significance as a major turtle nesting site. Nesting season for turtles occurs between December and March, during which visitors are advised to maintain a minimum distance of 15 meters from the turtles and refrain from using torches or flash photography near them. Besides turtle nesting, the area is renowned for excellent beach fishing, especially accessible to 4WD vehicles.",
"title": "Environmental Significance"
}
] | Mauds Landing is a historic beach located approximately 3 kilometers north of Coral Bay, Western Australia. The site was initially intended as a port for wool and livestock transportation. Presently, it stands as a vital nesting site for Green and Loggerhead turtles, with remnants of its past still evident along the coastline. | 2023-12-13T00:50:24Z | 2023-12-14T05:51:22Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauds_Landing |
75,549,391 | Amouri | Amouri may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Amouri may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Amouri may refer to: Amouri, Larissa, Greece
Amouri, Pthiotis, Greece | 2023-12-13T00:50:57Z | 2023-12-13T00:50:57Z | [
"Template:Geodis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amouri |
75,549,446 | Hidde Heutink | Hidde D. Heutink (born 1 July 1993 in Oldenzaal) is a Dutch politician of the Party for Freedom (PVV). He has been a Member of the House of Representatives since December 2023.
Heutink in 1993 in Oldenzaal before moving to Enschede. Before entering politics he studied information technology management at the ROC van Twente [nl] and worked in the IT sector.
He became a member of the Provincial Council of Overijssel in 2017 as a substitute to replace fellow PVV politician Edgar Mulder and remained in the Provincial Council until 2019. He was also a municipal councilor in Almelo for a short time before working as a policy officer for the PVV's parliamentary faction. During the 2023 Dutch general election he was elected to the House of Representatives. In parliament he focuses on matters related to public infrastructure and water management. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hidde D. Heutink (born 1 July 1993 in Oldenzaal) is a Dutch politician of the Party for Freedom (PVV). He has been a Member of the House of Representatives since December 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Heutink in 1993 in Oldenzaal before moving to Enschede. Before entering politics he studied information technology management at the ROC van Twente [nl] and worked in the IT sector.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He became a member of the Provincial Council of Overijssel in 2017 as a substitute to replace fellow PVV politician Edgar Mulder and remained in the Provincial Council until 2019. He was also a municipal councilor in Almelo for a short time before working as a policy officer for the PVV's parliamentary faction. During the 2023 Dutch general election he was elected to the House of Representatives. In parliament he focuses on matters related to public infrastructure and water management.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Hidde D. Heutink is a Dutch politician of the Party for Freedom (PVV). He has been a Member of the House of Representatives since December 2023. | 2023-12-13T00:57:38Z | 2023-12-24T16:21:54Z | [
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75,549,475 | Temptation Peak | Temptation Peak is a 5,383-foot (1,641 m) mountain summit in the U.S. state of Alaska.
Temptation Peak is located 12 miles (19 km) east of Anchorage in the western Chugach Mountains and within Chugach State Park. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains west to Cook Inlet via Snowhawk Creek and Ship Creek. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant as the summit rises approximately 3,800 feet (1,158 m) above Ship Creek in 1.5 miles (2.4 km). An ascent of the summit involves hiking 17 miles (round-trip) with 5,100 feet of elevation gain. The months of May through September offer the best time for climbing the peak.
The mountain was so named in 1963 by members of the Mountaineering Club of Alaska because many were tempted to climb it. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1964 by the United States Geological Survey. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1963 by Vin Hoeman.
Based on the Köppen climate classification, Temptation Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Chugach Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Temptation Peak is a 5,383-foot (1,641 m) mountain summit in the U.S. state of Alaska.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Temptation Peak is located 12 miles (19 km) east of Anchorage in the western Chugach Mountains and within Chugach State Park. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains west to Cook Inlet via Snowhawk Creek and Ship Creek. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant as the summit rises approximately 3,800 feet (1,158 m) above Ship Creek in 1.5 miles (2.4 km). An ascent of the summit involves hiking 17 miles (round-trip) with 5,100 feet of elevation gain. The months of May through September offer the best time for climbing the peak.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The mountain was so named in 1963 by members of the Mountaineering Club of Alaska because many were tempted to climb it. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1964 by the United States Geological Survey. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1963 by Vin Hoeman.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Based on the Köppen climate classification, Temptation Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Chugach Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F.",
"title": "Climate"
}
] | Temptation Peak is a 5,383-foot (1,641 m) mountain summit in the U.S. state of Alaska. | 2023-12-13T01:03:16Z | 2023-12-13T01:16:27Z | [
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75,549,493 | Aveila Liberty | [] | Redirect Avelia Liberty | 2023-12-13T01:06:20Z | 2023-12-13T01:06:20Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aveila_Liberty |
|
75,549,509 | Sione Monū | Sione Tuívailala Monū (born 1993 Auckland, New Zealand) is an Australian and New Zealand interdisciplinary artist of Tongan descent notable for their use of beads and flowers.
Monū grew up around Australia, as their father's job was in the Australian Defence Force. Their mother is an avid collector of Tongan crafts, adornments and ngatu (bark cloth). As a child, Monū enjoyed experimenting with materials, "Flowers as a material and symbol have always been something I’ve responded to since I was a child." Monū was not taught how to make Tongan crafts in a traditional way, so they developed their own interpretations with materials they had at hand.
Monū lives between Canberra, Australia and Auckland, New Zealand, and works across the different mediums of photography, moving-image, fashion and adornment, performance and drawing exploring identity, family and Pacific peoples' queer experience in the diaspora.
Monū has shown their work in many art galleries throughout New Zealand and Australia, including Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts, Auckland Art Gallery, Christchurch Art Gallery, Māngere Art Centre, and Bergman Gallery | [
{
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"text": "Sione Tuívailala Monū (born 1993 Auckland, New Zealand) is an Australian and New Zealand interdisciplinary artist of Tongan descent notable for their use of beads and flowers.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Monū grew up around Australia, as their father's job was in the Australian Defence Force. Their mother is an avid collector of Tongan crafts, adornments and ngatu (bark cloth). As a child, Monū enjoyed experimenting with materials, \"Flowers as a material and symbol have always been something I’ve responded to since I was a child.\" Monū was not taught how to make Tongan crafts in a traditional way, so they developed their own interpretations with materials they had at hand.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Monū lives between Canberra, Australia and Auckland, New Zealand, and works across the different mediums of photography, moving-image, fashion and adornment, performance and drawing exploring identity, family and Pacific peoples' queer experience in the diaspora.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Monū has shown their work in many art galleries throughout New Zealand and Australia, including Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts, Auckland Art Gallery, Christchurch Art Gallery, Māngere Art Centre, and Bergman Gallery",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Sione Tuívailala Monū is an Australian and New Zealand interdisciplinary artist of Tongan descent notable for their use of beads and flowers. | 2023-12-13T01:09:10Z | 2023-12-14T01:39:01Z | [
"Template:Infobox artist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sione_Mon%C5%AB |
75,549,512 | Lady K'awiil Yopaat | Lady K'awiil Yopaat (died 774), was the queen regnant of the Maya city of Toniná between 762 and 774.
She was the daughter of king K’inich Tuun Chapat.
She succeded to the throne after her father's death 762. She was the monarch when Toniná defeated the rival city state of Palenque in war in 764.
She died in 774. She was succeeded on the throne by her son, king K'inich Chapat. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lady K'awiil Yopaat (died 774), was the queen regnant of the Maya city of Toniná between 762 and 774.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She was the daughter of king K’inich Tuun Chapat.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She succeded to the throne after her father's death 762. She was the monarch when Toniná defeated the rival city state of Palenque in war in 764.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She died in 774. She was succeeded on the throne by her son, king K'inich Chapat.",
"title": ""
}
] | Lady K'awiil Yopaat, was the queen regnant of the Maya city of Toniná between 762 and 774. She was the daughter of king K’inich Tuun Chapat. She succeded to the throne after her father's death 762. She was the monarch when Toniná defeated the rival city state of Palenque in war in 764. She died in 774. She was succeeded on the throne by her son, king K'inich Chapat. | 2023-12-13T01:09:57Z | 2023-12-13T11:18:42Z | [
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_K%27awiil_Yopaat |
75,549,524 | We and Our Neighbors Clubhouse | We and Our Neighbors Clubhouse is a historic building located in the Cambrian area of San Jose, California. The Clubhouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1978. The Clubhouse is historically significant due to its role in shaping the civic and cultural life of the San Jose community. Established in 1892, it stands among the oldest General Federation of Women's Clubs within the Loma Prieta District, encompassing Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, and San Benito counties.
In January of 1910, builder C.H. Wheeler secured the contract for $2,650 (equivalent to $83,229 in 2022) to build the Clubhouse. He began work in February 1910, and the Clubhouse was completed in June of 1910. The We and Our Neighbors Club stands as one of the five most longstanding organizations within the California Federation of Women's Clubs. The club's records can be accessed within the California Federation of Women's Clubs archives, spanning from 1892 to 1997.
The We and Our Neighbors Club began in June 1892 when a group of farmers' wives from the Union School District met for an afternoon tea at Ann Jane Cilker's home. The first official meeting took place at the Clubhouse on May 27, 1910, witnessing a significant turnout of Club members and community friends. Founded to foster social engagement within the community, the organization remains active and conducts regular monthly meetings at the Clubhouse. At present, six descendants of the charter members actively participate as members of the Club. The Clubhouse served as the central hub for social gatherings within the district, hosting annual Christmas and New Year's celebrations, as well as Harvest dinners in November, engaging the entire community. Fundraising events like parties and dances were organized to support causes such as the Red Cross, the Belgium Relief Fund, and various other charitable endeavors.
The mission statement of the club is:
We and Our Neighbors is dedicated to promoting educational and social activities among its members, preserving the historical clubhouse, and supporting worthwhile causes in the neighboring areas as well as the greater community."
Amidst the Spanish-American War, club members contributed by dispatching books to troops stationed in the Philippines. Additionally, they gathered eggs, dried fruit, bandages, and reading materials for veterans receiving care in hospitals. In the aftermath of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, club members contributed by providing food, bandages, clothing, and blankets. Additionally, they actively engaged in various other community initiatives and projects. During the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Clubhouse used a portion of the dining room as a branch of the San Jose County Library.
The land where the building stands was a segment of a 160 acres (65 ha) farm positioned at the intersection of Union Avenue and the Los Gatos-Almaden Road. This property has a rectangular shape, measuring 105 ft (32 m) by one hundred 50 ft (15 m). The We and Our Neighbors Clubhouse was constructed on 0.333 acres (0.135 ha) of land provided by charter member and property owner Sophia La Montagne for one gold dollar. The funds used to erect the Clubhouse were donated by the Club's first president, Maria Schofield, who served in that role from 1892 until 1921.
The We and Our Neighbors clubhouse, a one-story shingle cottage featuring American Craftsman-style elements, was constructed using redwood with redwood siding. Dedicated in May of 1910, it was built for hosting club meetings and community gatherings with the Union District. The structure measures 65 ft (20 m) by 40 ft (12 m) wide. Inside there's an entrance hall and ladies' room, both measuring 10 ft (3.0 m) by 10 ft (3.0 m). The entrance hall leads to a parlor, a 20 ft (6.1 m) by 22 ft (6.7 m), with a rock fireplace. Along the south side of this room, there are five windows, each with a custom-made window bench. The dining room, connected to the western side of the assembly room, spans 12 ft (3.7 m) by 30 ft (9.1 m). It features five windows on the west side, complemented by built-in window seats underneath. Next to the dining room lies the kitchen, measuring 12 ft (3.7 m) by 10 ft (3.0 m) feet. The kitchen comprises two windows, cupboards flanking either side with a sink below, a stove chimney, an exterior door, and an entrance to the stage. The Club House has undergone minimal alterations, primarily focused on maintaining and modernizing the kitchen and ladies' room. Gas has been replaced by electricity, while gas floor furnaces have been introduced for heating purposes. In response to fire department recommendations, a fire door has been installed in the assembly room, and the folding doors have been removed to enhance safety measures.
The We and Our Neighbors clubhouse holds historical significance for the period 1900 to 1910, and in the realm of social history due to its role in molding the civic and cultural life of the San Jose community. Established in 1892, it stands as being the oldest club within the Loma Prieta District, encompassing Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, and San Benito counties. It is also one of the oldest General Federation of Women's Clubs. The clubhouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1978. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "We and Our Neighbors Clubhouse is a historic building located in the Cambrian area of San Jose, California. The Clubhouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1978. The Clubhouse is historically significant due to its role in shaping the civic and cultural life of the San Jose community. Established in 1892, it stands among the oldest General Federation of Women's Clubs within the Loma Prieta District, encompassing Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, and San Benito counties.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In January of 1910, builder C.H. Wheeler secured the contract for $2,650 (equivalent to $83,229 in 2022) to build the Clubhouse. He began work in February 1910, and the Clubhouse was completed in June of 1910. The We and Our Neighbors Club stands as one of the five most longstanding organizations within the California Federation of Women's Clubs. The club's records can be accessed within the California Federation of Women's Clubs archives, spanning from 1892 to 1997.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The We and Our Neighbors Club began in June 1892 when a group of farmers' wives from the Union School District met for an afternoon tea at Ann Jane Cilker's home. The first official meeting took place at the Clubhouse on May 27, 1910, witnessing a significant turnout of Club members and community friends. Founded to foster social engagement within the community, the organization remains active and conducts regular monthly meetings at the Clubhouse. At present, six descendants of the charter members actively participate as members of the Club. The Clubhouse served as the central hub for social gatherings within the district, hosting annual Christmas and New Year's celebrations, as well as Harvest dinners in November, engaging the entire community. Fundraising events like parties and dances were organized to support causes such as the Red Cross, the Belgium Relief Fund, and various other charitable endeavors.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The mission statement of the club is:",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "We and Our Neighbors is dedicated to promoting educational and social activities among its members, preserving the historical clubhouse, and supporting worthwhile causes in the neighboring areas as well as the greater community.\"",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Amidst the Spanish-American War, club members contributed by dispatching books to troops stationed in the Philippines. Additionally, they gathered eggs, dried fruit, bandages, and reading materials for veterans receiving care in hospitals. In the aftermath of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, club members contributed by providing food, bandages, clothing, and blankets. Additionally, they actively engaged in various other community initiatives and projects. During the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Clubhouse used a portion of the dining room as a branch of the San Jose County Library.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The land where the building stands was a segment of a 160 acres (65 ha) farm positioned at the intersection of Union Avenue and the Los Gatos-Almaden Road. This property has a rectangular shape, measuring 105 ft (32 m) by one hundred 50 ft (15 m). The We and Our Neighbors Clubhouse was constructed on 0.333 acres (0.135 ha) of land provided by charter member and property owner Sophia La Montagne for one gold dollar. The funds used to erect the Clubhouse were donated by the Club's first president, Maria Schofield, who served in that role from 1892 until 1921.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The We and Our Neighbors clubhouse, a one-story shingle cottage featuring American Craftsman-style elements, was constructed using redwood with redwood siding. Dedicated in May of 1910, it was built for hosting club meetings and community gatherings with the Union District. The structure measures 65 ft (20 m) by 40 ft (12 m) wide. Inside there's an entrance hall and ladies' room, both measuring 10 ft (3.0 m) by 10 ft (3.0 m). The entrance hall leads to a parlor, a 20 ft (6.1 m) by 22 ft (6.7 m), with a rock fireplace. Along the south side of this room, there are five windows, each with a custom-made window bench. The dining room, connected to the western side of the assembly room, spans 12 ft (3.7 m) by 30 ft (9.1 m). It features five windows on the west side, complemented by built-in window seats underneath. Next to the dining room lies the kitchen, measuring 12 ft (3.7 m) by 10 ft (3.0 m) feet. The kitchen comprises two windows, cupboards flanking either side with a sink below, a stove chimney, an exterior door, and an entrance to the stage. The Club House has undergone minimal alterations, primarily focused on maintaining and modernizing the kitchen and ladies' room. Gas has been replaced by electricity, while gas floor furnaces have been introduced for heating purposes. In response to fire department recommendations, a fire door has been installed in the assembly room, and the folding doors have been removed to enhance safety measures.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The We and Our Neighbors clubhouse holds historical significance for the period 1900 to 1910, and in the realm of social history due to its role in molding the civic and cultural life of the San Jose community. Established in 1892, it stands as being the oldest club within the Loma Prieta District, encompassing Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, and San Benito counties. It is also one of the oldest General Federation of Women's Clubs. The clubhouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1978.",
"title": "Historically significant"
}
] | We and Our Neighbors Clubhouse is a historic building located in the Cambrian area of San Jose, California. The Clubhouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1978. The Clubhouse is historically significant due to its role in shaping the civic and cultural life of the San Jose community. Established in 1892, it stands among the oldest General Federation of Women's Clubs within the Loma Prieta District, encompassing Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, and San Benito counties. | 2023-12-13T01:11:29Z | 2023-12-24T21:48:40Z | [
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75,549,566 | Reem Alsalem | Reem Alsalem (born 1976) is a Jordanian international human rights advocate. Since August 2021 she has served as the United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls.
Alsalem was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1976. She was educated at The American University in Cairo where she completed a master's degree in International Relations in 2001. She subsequently graduated from the University of Oxford in 2003 with a Masters in Human Rights Law.
She was employed for 17 years as an international civil servant by the UNHCR where she worked with refugees in 13 countries. She left in 2016 to work as an independent consultant on humanitarian and gender issues. She speaks Arabic, English, French, German and Spanish.
Alsalem was appointed United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls and took up the role in August 2021. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Reem Alsalem (born 1976) is a Jordanian international human rights advocate. Since August 2021 she has served as the United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Alsalem was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1976. She was educated at The American University in Cairo where she completed a master's degree in International Relations in 2001. She subsequently graduated from the University of Oxford in 2003 with a Masters in Human Rights Law.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She was employed for 17 years as an international civil servant by the UNHCR where she worked with refugees in 13 countries. She left in 2016 to work as an independent consultant on humanitarian and gender issues. She speaks Arabic, English, French, German and Spanish.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Alsalem was appointed United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls and took up the role in August 2021.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Reem Alsalem is a Jordanian international human rights advocate. Since August 2021 she has served as the United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls. | 2023-12-13T01:16:49Z | 2023-12-15T13:33:23Z | [
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75,549,603 | Queenstown Mosque | The Queenstown Mosque is a mosque in Georgetown, Guyana.
The mosque was originally established in 1895. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Queenstown Mosque is a mosque in Georgetown, Guyana.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The mosque was originally established in 1895.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | The Queenstown Mosque is a mosque in Georgetown, Guyana. | 2023-12-13T01:19:26Z | 2023-12-13T02:04:14Z | [
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75,549,611 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 100 metres T53 | The men's T53 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The results were as follows:Wind: +1.1 m/s | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's T53 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:",
"title": "Records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All times shown are in seconds.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The results were as follows:Wind: +1.1 m/s",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's T53 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T01:20:26Z | 2023-12-22T18:18:00Z | [
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75,549,612 | Complementation of automata | In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, the complementation of an automaton is the problem of computing an automaton that accepts precisely the words rejected by another automaton. Formally, given an automaton A which recognizes a regular language L, we want to compute an automaton recognizing precisely the words that are not in L, i.e., the complement of L.
Several questions on the complementation operation are studied, such as:
With a nondeterministic finite automaton, the state complexity of the complement automaton may be exponential. Lower bounds are also known in the case of unambiguous automata.
Complementation has also been studied for two-way automata. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, the complementation of an automaton is the problem of computing an automaton that accepts precisely the words rejected by another automaton. Formally, given an automaton A which recognizes a regular language L, we want to compute an automaton recognizing precisely the words that are not in L, i.e., the complement of L.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Several questions on the complementation operation are studied, such as:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "With a nondeterministic finite automaton, the state complexity of the complement automaton may be exponential. Lower bounds are also known in the case of unambiguous automata.",
"title": "With nondeterministic automata"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Complementation has also been studied for two-way automata.",
"title": "With two-way automata"
}
] | In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, the complementation of an automaton is the problem of computing an automaton that accepts precisely the words rejected by another automaton. Formally, given an automaton A which recognizes a regular language L, we want to compute an automaton recognizing precisely the words that are not in L, i.e., the complement of L. Several questions on the complementation operation are studied, such as: Its computational complexity: what is the complexity, given an automaton, of computing an automaton for the complement language?
Its state complexity: what is the smallest number of states of an automaton recognizing the complement? | 2023-12-13T01:20:36Z | 2023-12-14T18:40:03Z | [
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75,549,635 | Ruth Keidar | Ruth Keidar (Hebrew: רות קידר; died 18 June 1998) was an Israeli Paralympic shooter.
Keidar served in the Teleprocessing Corps of the Israel Defense Forces. During the Six Day War she was paralyzed in both her legs and restricted to a wheelchair.
At the 1988 Summer Paralympics she competed in shooting and took part in three tournaments: Keidar won the silver medal in women's Air Rifle Kneeling for disability classifications 2–6, finished tenth in women's Air Rifle Prone 2-6 and ranked 14th in women's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2–6.
Keidar lived in Ramat Hasharon and was a mother of three. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ruth Keidar (Hebrew: רות קידר; died 18 June 1998) was an Israeli Paralympic shooter.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Keidar served in the Teleprocessing Corps of the Israel Defense Forces. During the Six Day War she was paralyzed in both her legs and restricted to a wheelchair.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "At the 1988 Summer Paralympics she competed in shooting and took part in three tournaments: Keidar won the silver medal in women's Air Rifle Kneeling for disability classifications 2–6, finished tenth in women's Air Rifle Prone 2-6 and ranked 14th in women's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2–6.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Keidar lived in Ramat Hasharon and was a mother of three.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Ruth Keidar was an Israeli Paralympic shooter. Keidar served in the Teleprocessing Corps of the Israel Defense Forces. During the Six Day War she was paralyzed in both her legs and restricted to a wheelchair. At the 1988 Summer Paralympics she competed in shooting and took part in three tournaments: Keidar won the silver medal in women's Air Rifle Kneeling for disability classifications 2–6, finished tenth in women's Air Rifle Prone 2-6 and ranked 14th in women's Air Rifle 3 Positions 2–6. Keidar lived in Ramat Hasharon and was a mother of three. | 2023-12-13T01:25:03Z | 2023-12-20T19:29:19Z | [
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75,549,654 | Frances Stewart Higgins | Frances Higgins (1912 – 2004) was an American glass artist. She is best known for establishing the Higgins Glass studio with her husband Michael Higgins.
Higgins née Stewart was born on December 24, 1912 in Haddock, Georgia. She attended Georgia State College for Women and went on to teach at the University of Georgia. She relocated to Chicago where she studied at the Institute of Design for her MFA. There she met fellow artist Michael Higgins who was a teacher at the Institute.
The couple married in 1948. They worked together out of their Chicago apartment creating fused enameled glass. The eventually moved to a larger space where they lived above their studio on N. Wells Street in Chicago. They created tableware using a technique of enameling, [[glass fusing|fusing, and slumping glass.
In 1966 they moved their studio to Riverside, Illinois.
Higgins died on February 12, 2004 in Riverside, Illinois. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Frances Higgins (1912 – 2004) was an American glass artist. She is best known for establishing the Higgins Glass studio with her husband Michael Higgins.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Higgins née Stewart was born on December 24, 1912 in Haddock, Georgia. She attended Georgia State College for Women and went on to teach at the University of Georgia. She relocated to Chicago where she studied at the Institute of Design for her MFA. There she met fellow artist Michael Higgins who was a teacher at the Institute.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The couple married in 1948. They worked together out of their Chicago apartment creating fused enameled glass. The eventually moved to a larger space where they lived above their studio on N. Wells Street in Chicago. They created tableware using a technique of enameling, [[glass fusing|fusing, and slumping glass.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1966 they moved their studio to Riverside, Illinois.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Higgins died on February 12, 2004 in Riverside, Illinois.",
"title": ""
}
] | Frances Higgins was an American glass artist. She is best known for establishing the Higgins Glass studio with her husband Michael Higgins. Higgins née Stewart was born on December 24, 1912 in Haddock, Georgia. She attended Georgia State College for Women and went on to teach at the University of Georgia. She relocated to Chicago where she studied at the Institute of Design for her MFA. There she met fellow artist Michael Higgins who was a teacher at the Institute. The couple married in 1948. They worked together out of their Chicago apartment creating fused enameled glass. The eventually moved to a larger space where they lived above their studio on N. Wells Street in Chicago. They created tableware using a technique of enameling, [[glass fusing|fusing, and slumping glass. In 1966 they moved their studio to Riverside, Illinois. Higgins died on February 12, 2004 in Riverside, Illinois. | 2023-12-13T01:28:46Z | 2023-12-14T00:28:27Z | [
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75,549,659 | A5 size | [] | REDIRECT [[ISO 216}} | 2023-12-13T01:29:15Z | 2023-12-13T01:29:15Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A5_size |
|
75,549,669 | Tjøme Church | Tjøme Church (Norwegian: Tjøme kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Færder Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tjøme. It is the church for the Tjøme parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The stone and brick church was built in a long church design in 1867 using plans drawn up by the architect Anders Thorød. The church seats about 320 people.
The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1398, but the church was not built that year. The church may have been built in the 13th century. It was a stone church that was dedicated to Saint Olaf. The Romanesque stone church had a rectangular nave and a smaller, narrower, rectangular choir with an internal apse at the east end of the choir.
By the mid-19th century, the church had became too small for the parish and plans for a new church on the same site were made. In 1865, the old church was torn down and construction began on the new church. Some stone from the old church was re-used in the construction of the new church. The new building was designed by Anders Thorød. It had a large rectangular nave with a smaller choir to the east and a church porch and tower on the west end. The choir was flanked by vestries. The exterior of the church was built of larvikite and brick. It was consecrated by the bishop on 12 September 1867. Inside, there is a second-floor seating gallery on the west end and along the north wall of the nave. Much of the interior furnishings were transferred from the old church building into this one. The church was extensively restored in 1949–1950, again in 1991, and again in 2004–2006.
A carved baroque altarpiece and a pulpit with figures of the evangelists were both created in the period from 1670–1676. The stained glass windows were made in Glasgow and were consecrated in 1901. There are four church bells in the tower; two from Amsterdam dating to 1707 and 1712 and two were cast in 1937 at Olsen Nauen Bell Foundry in Tønsberg. The cemetery outside the church is the site of the grave of author Alf Larsen (1885-1967). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tjøme Church (Norwegian: Tjøme kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Færder Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tjøme. It is the church for the Tjøme parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The stone and brick church was built in a long church design in 1867 using plans drawn up by the architect Anders Thorød. The church seats about 320 people.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1398, but the church was not built that year. The church may have been built in the 13th century. It was a stone church that was dedicated to Saint Olaf. The Romanesque stone church had a rectangular nave and a smaller, narrower, rectangular choir with an internal apse at the east end of the choir.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "By the mid-19th century, the church had became too small for the parish and plans for a new church on the same site were made. In 1865, the old church was torn down and construction began on the new church. Some stone from the old church was re-used in the construction of the new church. The new building was designed by Anders Thorød. It had a large rectangular nave with a smaller choir to the east and a church porch and tower on the west end. The choir was flanked by vestries. The exterior of the church was built of larvikite and brick. It was consecrated by the bishop on 12 September 1867. Inside, there is a second-floor seating gallery on the west end and along the north wall of the nave. Much of the interior furnishings were transferred from the old church building into this one. The church was extensively restored in 1949–1950, again in 1991, and again in 2004–2006.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "A carved baroque altarpiece and a pulpit with figures of the evangelists were both created in the period from 1670–1676. The stained glass windows were made in Glasgow and were consecrated in 1901. There are four church bells in the tower; two from Amsterdam dating to 1707 and 1712 and two were cast in 1937 at Olsen Nauen Bell Foundry in Tønsberg. The cemetery outside the church is the site of the grave of author Alf Larsen (1885-1967).",
"title": "Inventory"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Tjøme Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Færder Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tjøme. It is the church for the Tjøme parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The stone and brick church was built in a long church design in 1867 using plans drawn up by the architect Anders Thorød. The church seats about 320 people. | 2023-12-13T01:30:45Z | 2023-12-25T20:16:11Z | [
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75,549,678 | Tjøme (village) | [] | 2023-12-13T01:31:40Z | 2023-12-19T03:07:57Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tj%C3%B8me_(village) |
||
75,549,679 | List of United States attack aircraft | This is a list of American attack aircraft. (Used by the United States) | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "This is a list of American attack aircraft. (Used by the United States)",
"title": ""
}
] | This is a list of American attack aircraft. | 2023-12-13T01:31:43Z | 2023-12-31T17:42:41Z | [
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75,549,684 | 2024 Union Omaha season | The 2024 Union Omaha season will be the fourth season in the soccer team's history, and their fourth season in the third division of American soccer, USL League One. Union Omaha will play their home games at Werner Park, located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States.
Union Omaha announced their initial list of returning players on December 7, 2022.
Source: USL League One
Numbers after plus–sign (+) denote appearances as a substitute. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 Union Omaha season will be the fourth season in the soccer team's history, and their fourth season in the third division of American soccer, USL League One. Union Omaha will play their home games at Werner Park, located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Union Omaha announced their initial list of returning players on December 7, 2022.",
"title": "Roster"
},
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"text": "Source: USL League One",
"title": "Competitions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Numbers after plus–sign (+) denote appearances as a substitute.",
"title": "Statistics"
}
] | The 2024 Union Omaha season will be the fourth season in the soccer team's history, and their fourth season in the third division of American soccer, USL League One. Union Omaha will play their home games at Werner Park, located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States. | 2023-12-13T01:33:12Z | 2023-12-29T18:10:45Z | [
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75,549,692 | Lupinus lemmonii | Lupinus lemmonii, commonly known as Lemmon's lupine, is a species of perennial plant in the family of Fabaceae that is native to Arizona.
Lupinus lemmonii grows up to 1 meter tall. Additionally, the colour of its flowers range from blue to purple or sometimes lavender. The stems are strigose below but glabrous or glabrescent above. The hairs on the stems and petioles are appressed. The alternate leaves are palmately compound with 5 to 10 leaflets. The leaflets are linear or oblanceolate, between 2 to 7 centimeters long, and either very acute or obtuse at the tips. The leaflets have silvery, silky hair on both sides. The flower's color ranges from light to dark blue or purple. The flowers are bilabiate and between 8 to 10 millimeters long. The petals banner has long, soft, silky hairs on the center of the back. The calyx is gibbous at the base and sometimes short-spurred on the upper side at the base. The stamens are monadelphous. The anthers are dimorphic, are alternately elongate and short, and are born in dense terminal racemes. The racemes are between 2 to 8 centimeters long. The fruits are flatted pods, between 2 to 3.5 centimeters long, and are usually constricted between the seeds. There are between 3 to 6 seeds. The bloom period is between the months of June, July, August, and September.
This species can be differentiated from the similar Lupinus argenteus by distribution alone, as L. lemmonii only occurs in the southern portions of the state at lower elevations. These two species can be mistaken for each other, but if there is silky hair on both sides, it is most likely L. lemmonii. It also looks similar to Lupinus palmeri, which can be differentiated by appressed hairs, as on L. palmeri stems and leaves are not appressed. | [
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"text": "Lupinus lemmonii, commonly known as Lemmon's lupine, is a species of perennial plant in the family of Fabaceae that is native to Arizona.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Lupinus lemmonii grows up to 1 meter tall. Additionally, the colour of its flowers range from blue to purple or sometimes lavender. The stems are strigose below but glabrous or glabrescent above. The hairs on the stems and petioles are appressed. The alternate leaves are palmately compound with 5 to 10 leaflets. The leaflets are linear or oblanceolate, between 2 to 7 centimeters long, and either very acute or obtuse at the tips. The leaflets have silvery, silky hair on both sides. The flower's color ranges from light to dark blue or purple. The flowers are bilabiate and between 8 to 10 millimeters long. The petals banner has long, soft, silky hairs on the center of the back. The calyx is gibbous at the base and sometimes short-spurred on the upper side at the base. The stamens are monadelphous. The anthers are dimorphic, are alternately elongate and short, and are born in dense terminal racemes. The racemes are between 2 to 8 centimeters long. The fruits are flatted pods, between 2 to 3.5 centimeters long, and are usually constricted between the seeds. There are between 3 to 6 seeds. The bloom period is between the months of June, July, August, and September.",
"title": "Description"
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"text": "This species can be differentiated from the similar Lupinus argenteus by distribution alone, as L. lemmonii only occurs in the southern portions of the state at lower elevations. These two species can be mistaken for each other, but if there is silky hair on both sides, it is most likely L. lemmonii. It also looks similar to Lupinus palmeri, which can be differentiated by appressed hairs, as on L. palmeri stems and leaves are not appressed.",
"title": "Description"
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] | Lupinus lemmonii, commonly known as Lemmon's lupine, is a species of perennial plant in the family of Fabaceae that is native to Arizona. | 2023-12-13T01:34:28Z | 2023-12-21T11:44:56Z | [
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75,549,694 | Alex (novel series) | The Alex quartet is a series of four young adult novels written by New Zealand author Tessa Duder: Alex (1987), Alex in Winter (1989), Alessandra: Alex in Rome (1991) and Songs for Alex (1992). Set in the 1950s, the series follows the competitive swimming career of headstrong New Zealand teenager Alex Archer.
The books have been published in New Zealand and overseas (with the first book titled In Lane Three, Alex Archer in the US edition) and have received significant critical attention and commercial success. Duder received a number of notable awards for the series, including three times winning the New Zealand Children's Book of the Year Award and three times winning the Esther Glen Award.
The quartet is set predominantly in 1950s Auckland, New Zealand. The main character, Alex Archer, is a strong-willed fifteen-year-old competitive swimmer. In the first book, Alex (1987, also published as In Lane Three, Alex Archer in the United States in 1989) she is competing with her rival and friend, Maggie Benton, to qualify for the 1960 Olympics in Rome. She also experiences first love and must juggle swimming with her other loves of music, dance and other sports, as well as her School Certificate exams.
The second book, Alex in Winter, takes place after the death of Alex's first love Andy and as she and Maggie both await announcement of New Zealand's Olympic squad. It is described by The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature as "far bleaker" than the first book, as Alex "turns against friends, family and the conformist, patriarchal society around her". While both she and Maggie are selected for the squad, Maggie is hospitalised with peritonitis and is unable to join.
In Alessandra: Alex in Rome, Alex competes at the 1960 Olympics in Rome, and meets a young New Zealander named Tom who is studying opera singing. The novel switches between narration by Tom and by Alex, and covers Alex's experiences as the youngest member of the New Zealand Olympic team. In the final novel, Songs for Alex, Alex returns to New Zealand and her final year of school. She faces various pressures from her family, the media and the sports world, and academically. Her relationship with Tom continues to develop and she considers whether to continue swimming competitively or to explore other avenues such as university.
Alex was Tessa Duder's third novel, following Night Race to Kawau (1982), which also featured a strong young female protagonist, and Jellybean (1985), about the relationship of a mother and daughter. The novels in the quartet were originally published by Penguin Books New Zealand, by Oxford University Press in the United Kingdom and by Houghton Mifflin in the USA. The quartet has translated into several languages.
Duder has said that she first came up with the character of Alex in Kuala Lumpur in 1981: "Alex appeared in my head almost fully formed like some mythological goddess." She wrote the book five years later in a period of eight months in 1986.
Duder herself had a swimming career, including winning a silver medal for New Zealand at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff. While the series is often assumed to be semi-autobiographical because of Duder's own swimming career, Duder has said:
I made a lot up. As a swimmer training for selection for the 1958 Empire Games, I had no serious rival for my place on the team, no broken leg, no melt-down resulting from exhaustion, no devastating loss close to a big race. I will admit to being in love for the first time, and this affair ending if not with a death but still unhappily; so some heartbreak and authenticity there.
The first novel sold more than 30,000 copies and has been a best-seller in New Zealand; in 1999 it was Penguin New Zealand's best-selling fiction book of all time. In 2012 the first book was republished by Whitcoulls as a Modern Classic. In October 2019, OneTree House published all four books as a quartet, including a foreword by Lani Wendt Young. A quartet edition had previously been published in 1992.
The quartet received several notable awards in New Zealand. Alex, Alex in Winter and Songs for Alex won the New Zealand Children's Book of the Year Award in 1988, 1990 and 1993 respectively, while Alessandra: Alex in Rome placed third in the senior fiction section of the children's book awards in 1992. Alex, Alex in Winter and Alessandra: Alex in Rome won the Esther Glen Award in 1989, 1990 and 1992 respectively.
In 1990 Alex was included on the American Library Association's list of best books for young adults.
A review of the first book by Publishers Weekly noted that although the book would attract sports enthusiasts, it appears to a wider audience; Duder "profiles a teenaged feminist who breaks the boundaries of her conservative society in 1959". The review concluded that readers would "not fail to be uplifted by this talented writer's thoughtful novel". The School Library Journal in 1990 noted the lack of sports literature for girls at that time, and highlighted the first book of the quartet as containing "well-developed, realistic, three-dimensional characters", with Duder's writing style "hook[ing] readers from the outset".
A review of Alex in Winter in The Press described it as a "thoughtful" sequel to the first novel, with Alex's character allowing her to triumph over challenging life events including the death of her first love. The review recommended the book for young readers, particularly "aspiring athletes".
A review of Alessandra: Alex in Rome by The Horn Book Magazine said it stood well as a standalone novel despite references to events of the previous books, and noted that "numerous details about Rome, competitive swimming, and the Olympic experience add a sense of vivid immediacy and help to draw readers into the dramatic plot". By contrast, the School Library Journal suggested it would disappoint readers who had enjoyed the first novel: "The unsatisfying plot, along with abbreviated or run-on sentences, awkward phrasing, overblown phrases and descriptions, and Kiwi jargon, will lose all but the most determined readers".
A review of the final book, Songs for Alex, in the New Zealand Review of Books, noted that Alex continues to be a difficult character and that some readers will find her "more egocentric, more enclosed, more sour than ever", but concludes that "those who have enjoyed the series will not find Songs For Alex lacking in the qualities that pleased them, and they will doubtless applaud the conclusion".
In 2022, Duder was interviewed about her decision to include mentions of Alex's menstruation and its impact on her swimming in the book. She recalled criticism from fellow New Zealand author Jack Lasenby for what he saw as an inappropriate inclusion in a children's book, but said she didn't see the references as ground-breaking: "it was just part of her story growing up as a 15-year-old in a competitive sport".
The first novel was adapted into the 1993 film Alex, directed by Megan Simpson and with a screenplay written by Ken Catran. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Alex quartet is a series of four young adult novels written by New Zealand author Tessa Duder: Alex (1987), Alex in Winter (1989), Alessandra: Alex in Rome (1991) and Songs for Alex (1992). Set in the 1950s, the series follows the competitive swimming career of headstrong New Zealand teenager Alex Archer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The books have been published in New Zealand and overseas (with the first book titled In Lane Three, Alex Archer in the US edition) and have received significant critical attention and commercial success. Duder received a number of notable awards for the series, including three times winning the New Zealand Children's Book of the Year Award and three times winning the Esther Glen Award.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The quartet is set predominantly in 1950s Auckland, New Zealand. The main character, Alex Archer, is a strong-willed fifteen-year-old competitive swimmer. In the first book, Alex (1987, also published as In Lane Three, Alex Archer in the United States in 1989) she is competing with her rival and friend, Maggie Benton, to qualify for the 1960 Olympics in Rome. She also experiences first love and must juggle swimming with her other loves of music, dance and other sports, as well as her School Certificate exams.",
"title": "Plot overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The second book, Alex in Winter, takes place after the death of Alex's first love Andy and as she and Maggie both await announcement of New Zealand's Olympic squad. It is described by The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature as \"far bleaker\" than the first book, as Alex \"turns against friends, family and the conformist, patriarchal society around her\". While both she and Maggie are selected for the squad, Maggie is hospitalised with peritonitis and is unable to join.",
"title": "Plot overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In Alessandra: Alex in Rome, Alex competes at the 1960 Olympics in Rome, and meets a young New Zealander named Tom who is studying opera singing. The novel switches between narration by Tom and by Alex, and covers Alex's experiences as the youngest member of the New Zealand Olympic team. In the final novel, Songs for Alex, Alex returns to New Zealand and her final year of school. She faces various pressures from her family, the media and the sports world, and academically. Her relationship with Tom continues to develop and she considers whether to continue swimming competitively or to explore other avenues such as university.",
"title": "Plot overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Alex was Tessa Duder's third novel, following Night Race to Kawau (1982), which also featured a strong young female protagonist, and Jellybean (1985), about the relationship of a mother and daughter. The novels in the quartet were originally published by Penguin Books New Zealand, by Oxford University Press in the United Kingdom and by Houghton Mifflin in the USA. The quartet has translated into several languages.",
"title": "Background and publication history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Duder has said that she first came up with the character of Alex in Kuala Lumpur in 1981: \"Alex appeared in my head almost fully formed like some mythological goddess.\" She wrote the book five years later in a period of eight months in 1986.",
"title": "Background and publication history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Duder herself had a swimming career, including winning a silver medal for New Zealand at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff. While the series is often assumed to be semi-autobiographical because of Duder's own swimming career, Duder has said:",
"title": "Background and publication history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "I made a lot up. As a swimmer training for selection for the 1958 Empire Games, I had no serious rival for my place on the team, no broken leg, no melt-down resulting from exhaustion, no devastating loss close to a big race. I will admit to being in love for the first time, and this affair ending if not with a death but still unhappily; so some heartbreak and authenticity there.",
"title": "Background and publication history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The first novel sold more than 30,000 copies and has been a best-seller in New Zealand; in 1999 it was Penguin New Zealand's best-selling fiction book of all time. In 2012 the first book was republished by Whitcoulls as a Modern Classic. In October 2019, OneTree House published all four books as a quartet, including a foreword by Lani Wendt Young. A quartet edition had previously been published in 1992.",
"title": "Background and publication history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The quartet received several notable awards in New Zealand. Alex, Alex in Winter and Songs for Alex won the New Zealand Children's Book of the Year Award in 1988, 1990 and 1993 respectively, while Alessandra: Alex in Rome placed third in the senior fiction section of the children's book awards in 1992. Alex, Alex in Winter and Alessandra: Alex in Rome won the Esther Glen Award in 1989, 1990 and 1992 respectively.",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In 1990 Alex was included on the American Library Association's list of best books for young adults.",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "A review of the first book by Publishers Weekly noted that although the book would attract sports enthusiasts, it appears to a wider audience; Duder \"profiles a teenaged feminist who breaks the boundaries of her conservative society in 1959\". The review concluded that readers would \"not fail to be uplifted by this talented writer's thoughtful novel\". The School Library Journal in 1990 noted the lack of sports literature for girls at that time, and highlighted the first book of the quartet as containing \"well-developed, realistic, three-dimensional characters\", with Duder's writing style \"hook[ing] readers from the outset\".",
"title": "Reviews and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "A review of Alex in Winter in The Press described it as a \"thoughtful\" sequel to the first novel, with Alex's character allowing her to triumph over challenging life events including the death of her first love. The review recommended the book for young readers, particularly \"aspiring athletes\".",
"title": "Reviews and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "A review of Alessandra: Alex in Rome by The Horn Book Magazine said it stood well as a standalone novel despite references to events of the previous books, and noted that \"numerous details about Rome, competitive swimming, and the Olympic experience add a sense of vivid immediacy and help to draw readers into the dramatic plot\". By contrast, the School Library Journal suggested it would disappoint readers who had enjoyed the first novel: \"The unsatisfying plot, along with abbreviated or run-on sentences, awkward phrasing, overblown phrases and descriptions, and Kiwi jargon, will lose all but the most determined readers\".",
"title": "Reviews and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "A review of the final book, Songs for Alex, in the New Zealand Review of Books, noted that Alex continues to be a difficult character and that some readers will find her \"more egocentric, more enclosed, more sour than ever\", but concludes that \"those who have enjoyed the series will not find Songs For Alex lacking in the qualities that pleased them, and they will doubtless applaud the conclusion\".",
"title": "Reviews and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "In 2022, Duder was interviewed about her decision to include mentions of Alex's menstruation and its impact on her swimming in the book. She recalled criticism from fellow New Zealand author Jack Lasenby for what he saw as an inappropriate inclusion in a children's book, but said she didn't see the references as ground-breaking: \"it was just part of her story growing up as a 15-year-old in a competitive sport\".",
"title": "Reviews and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "The first novel was adapted into the 1993 film Alex, directed by Megan Simpson and with a screenplay written by Ken Catran.",
"title": "Film adaptation"
}
] | The Alex quartet is a series of four young adult novels written by New Zealand author Tessa Duder: Alex (1987), Alex in Winter (1989), Alessandra: Alex in Rome (1991) and Songs for Alex (1992). Set in the 1950s, the series follows the competitive swimming career of headstrong New Zealand teenager Alex Archer. The books have been published in New Zealand and overseas and have received significant critical attention and commercial success. Duder received a number of notable awards for the series, including three times winning the New Zealand Children's Book of the Year Award and three times winning the Esther Glen Award. | 2023-12-13T01:34:58Z | 2023-12-26T22:38:47Z | [
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75,549,737 | Kotar (subdivision) | Kotar is a lower administrative-territorial unit or unit of local self-government in the Habsburg Monarchy and Austria-Hungary (1848–1918), later in the regions of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1921–29), banovinas of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–41) (where it was called a srez), grand župas of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) (1941–45), and in post-war Yugoslavia until 1955. It consisted of municipalities Serbo-Croatian: općina). Larger cities were usually not included in the counties but were separate units. After the enactment of the Law on the Organisation of Municipalities and Counties in 1955, the county gradually transformed into a community of municipalities, and its previous powers and territorial scope were taken over by the municipality. Thus, in 1955, Croatia was divided into 27 counties, and by 1962, into 9 counties. In 1974, the counties were officially abolished, and instead, communities of municipalities were established. By the decision of the Croatian Parliament in May 1992, the areas of municipalities that, according to the 1981 census, had a Serbian majority population were gathered into two self-governing counties: Dvor County in Sisak-Moslavina County and Knin County in Zadar-Knin County. Both counties were abolished in 1996. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kotar is a lower administrative-territorial unit or unit of local self-government in the Habsburg Monarchy and Austria-Hungary (1848–1918), later in the regions of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1921–29), banovinas of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–41) (where it was called a srez), grand župas of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) (1941–45), and in post-war Yugoslavia until 1955. It consisted of municipalities Serbo-Croatian: općina). Larger cities were usually not included in the counties but were separate units. After the enactment of the Law on the Organisation of Municipalities and Counties in 1955, the county gradually transformed into a community of municipalities, and its previous powers and territorial scope were taken over by the municipality. Thus, in 1955, Croatia was divided into 27 counties, and by 1962, into 9 counties. In 1974, the counties were officially abolished, and instead, communities of municipalities were established. By the decision of the Croatian Parliament in May 1992, the areas of municipalities that, according to the 1981 census, had a Serbian majority population were gathered into two self-governing counties: Dvor County in Sisak-Moslavina County and Knin County in Zadar-Knin County. Both counties were abolished in 1996.",
"title": ""
}
] | Kotar is a lower administrative-territorial unit or unit of local self-government in the Habsburg Monarchy and Austria-Hungary (1848–1918), later in the regions of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1921–29), banovinas of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–41), grand župas of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) (1941–45), and in post-war Yugoslavia until 1955. It consisted of municipalities Serbo-Croatian: općina). Larger cities were usually not included in the counties but were separate units. After the enactment of the Law on the Organisation of Municipalities and Counties in 1955, the county gradually transformed into a community of municipalities, and its previous powers and territorial scope were taken over by the municipality. Thus, in 1955, Croatia was divided into 27 counties, and by 1962, into 9 counties. In 1974, the counties were officially abolished, and instead, communities of municipalities were established. By the decision of the Croatian Parliament in May 1992, the areas of municipalities that, according to the 1981 census, had a Serbian majority population were gathered into two self-governing counties: Dvor County in Sisak-Moslavina County and Knin County in Zadar-Knin County. Both counties were abolished in 1996. | 2023-12-13T01:39:17Z | 2023-12-13T01:39:17Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotar_(subdivision) |
75,549,746 | 2007–08 in Ukrainian football | The 2007–08 season was the 17th season of competitive association football in Ukraine since dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Note: For all scratched clubs, see section Clubs removed for more details
Note: For all scratched clubs, see section Clubs removed for more details
2008 Vyshcha Liha (women) | [
{
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"text": "The 2007–08 season was the 17th season of competitive association football in Ukraine since dissolution of the Soviet Union.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "National teams"
},
{
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"text": "",
"title": "National teams"
},
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},
{
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"text": "",
"title": "Men's club football"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
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"title": "Women's club football"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "2008 Vyshcha Liha (women)",
"title": "Women's club football"
}
] | The 2007–08 season was the 17th season of competitive association football in Ukraine since dissolution of the Soviet Union. | 2023-12-13T01:41:09Z | 2023-12-29T20:35:47Z | [
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75,549,764 | Ndwandwe (surname) | Ndwandwe or Ndwandwa is a surname of Ndwandwe Bantu descent. Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ndwandwe or Ndwandwa is a surname of Ndwandwe Bantu descent. Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Ndwandwe or Ndwandwa is a surname of Ndwandwe Bantu descent. Notable people with the surname include: LaYaka Ndwandwe, Queen of Swaziland (1780)
Tsandzile Ndwandwel, Queen of Swaziland (1868–1875)
Nukwase Ndwandwe, Queen of Swaziland (1938–1957)
Lomawa Ndwandwe, Queen of Swaziland (1925–1938)
Nkosinathi Ndwandwe, South African Anglican biship
Zihlathi Ndwandwe, Queen of Swaziland (1957–1975)
Phila Portia Ndwandwe (1965–1988), uMkhonto we Sizwe guerrilla fighter
Sithembiso Ndwandwa, South African cricketer
Tsepo Ndwandwa, South African cricketer
Tshepiso Ndwandwa, South African cricketer | 2023-12-13T01:44:25Z | 2023-12-13T10:11:30Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndwandwe_(surname) |
75,549,766 | John M. McDowell | John M. McDowell is the J.B. Stroobants Professor of Biotechnology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. His major area of research is phytopathology and plant-pathogen interactions. He has used gene-sequencing technology to examine the genome of Phytophthora capsici and to develop strains of soybean plants that are better able to defend against pathogens.
McDowell received his B.A. in cell and molecular biology from the University of Tennessee (1987). He received his Ph.D. in genetics, from the University of Georgia (1995).
McDowell was a Postdoctoral Fellow with Jeffery Dangl at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1995-1999.
McDowell joined the Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) in 2000. In 2017, he was named the J.B. Stroobants Professor of Biotechnology at Virginia Tech. As of 2018, he became a Professor in the School of Plant and Environmental Sciences at Virginia Tech. He has served as associate scientific director at the Fralin Life Science Institute at Virginia Tech.
McDowell is a strong advocate for Congressional funding of scientific research, emphasizing its importance to farmers and food production and its impact on the U.S. economy.
McDowell has served on the editorial boards of multiple journals. He has been editor-in-chief of Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions (2016-2018). He joined the Annual Review of Phytopathology in 2019, and became the journal's co-lead editor with Gwyn A. Beattie in 2022.
McDowell studies fundamental biological principles underlying plants' susceptibility to disease, and their defense mechanisms against pathogens. His work is relevant to the development of crops with the ability to resist pathogens and increase yield. For example, McDowell has studied the genome of a pathogen that kills soybeans, the second most planted crop in the U.S.. and used that information to develop strains of soybean plants that are better able to defend against the pathogen. He has worked with David Haak and others on the development of gene-sequencing technology and the examination of the complex genome of Phytophthora capsici. P. capsici attacks plants including soybeans, tomatoes, and lavender. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "John M. McDowell is the J.B. Stroobants Professor of Biotechnology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. His major area of research is phytopathology and plant-pathogen interactions. He has used gene-sequencing technology to examine the genome of Phytophthora capsici and to develop strains of soybean plants that are better able to defend against pathogens.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "McDowell received his B.A. in cell and molecular biology from the University of Tennessee (1987). He received his Ph.D. in genetics, from the University of Georgia (1995).",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "McDowell was a Postdoctoral Fellow with Jeffery Dangl at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1995-1999.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "McDowell joined the Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) in 2000. In 2017, he was named the J.B. Stroobants Professor of Biotechnology at Virginia Tech. As of 2018, he became a Professor in the School of Plant and Environmental Sciences at Virginia Tech. He has served as associate scientific director at the Fralin Life Science Institute at Virginia Tech.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "McDowell is a strong advocate for Congressional funding of scientific research, emphasizing its importance to farmers and food production and its impact on the U.S. economy.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "McDowell has served on the editorial boards of multiple journals. He has been editor-in-chief of Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions (2016-2018). He joined the Annual Review of Phytopathology in 2019, and became the journal's co-lead editor with Gwyn A. Beattie in 2022.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "McDowell studies fundamental biological principles underlying plants' susceptibility to disease, and their defense mechanisms against pathogens. His work is relevant to the development of crops with the ability to resist pathogens and increase yield. For example, McDowell has studied the genome of a pathogen that kills soybeans, the second most planted crop in the U.S.. and used that information to develop strains of soybean plants that are better able to defend against the pathogen. He has worked with David Haak and others on the development of gene-sequencing technology and the examination of the complex genome of Phytophthora capsici. P. capsici attacks plants including soybeans, tomatoes, and lavender.",
"title": "Research"
}
] | John M. McDowell is the J.B. Stroobants Professor of Biotechnology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. His major area of research is phytopathology and plant-pathogen interactions. He has used gene-sequencing technology to examine the genome of Phytophthora capsici and to develop strains of soybean plants that are better able to defend against pathogens. | 2023-12-13T01:44:46Z | 2023-12-18T03:11:36Z | [
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75,549,818 | Placentia-Linda Hospital | Linda-Placentia Hospital is a for-profit hospital in Placentia, California that serves Northern Orange County. Founded in 1972, it has 114 beds and focuses on acute care.
The hospital opened on September 27, 1972, by 19 physicians from the community to serve the area's swiftly increasing population. Its first patient was Maxwell Litt, who was admitted three days before the official opening. Staff had to get food from a restaurant because the kitchen had not been opened yet. The hospital also had a volunteer program called the Guild, which was established in the same year. In January 1973, its first newsletter was published, going by the name of "Hospital-ity".
The Cardiac Rehab Center, which cares for heart attack victims and people with coronary artery disease, opened in 1980. Thomas Charles Quintana was the first baby born at the newly-opened Baby Pavilion on December 28, 1985. In 2008, the New Rose Medical Plaza, which was to be used for diagnostic imaging, opened, while the Surgical Pavilion was completed in 2010.
In late June 2010, the hospital was selected by its parent company, Tenet Healthcare, with four other hospitals in the U.S., to add a feature to their website that allows people to see the estimated time between hospital admittance and being given a bed. It was chosen because of its already existing electronic medical record system. The Wound Care Center began operations in 2012. In 2013, the Emergency Room was renovated.
Healthcare workers picketed at the hospital in October 2022, protesting against low wages and understaffing.
In November 2010, Placentia-Linda was fined $25,000 by the California Department of Public Health for a patient error but stated that they would appeal the fine.
From 2009 to 2011, Yashwant Balgiri Giri, an anesthesiologist who worked at the hospital, sexually assaulted three female patients while they were under anesthesia. He was fined $50,000 and sentenced to six months in jail.
Category:1972 establishments in California Category:Hospitals established in 1972 Category:Hospitals in California Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1972 Category:Placentia, California Category:Tenet Healthcare | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Linda-Placentia Hospital is a for-profit hospital in Placentia, California that serves Northern Orange County. Founded in 1972, it has 114 beds and focuses on acute care.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The hospital opened on September 27, 1972, by 19 physicians from the community to serve the area's swiftly increasing population. Its first patient was Maxwell Litt, who was admitted three days before the official opening. Staff had to get food from a restaurant because the kitchen had not been opened yet. The hospital also had a volunteer program called the Guild, which was established in the same year. In January 1973, its first newsletter was published, going by the name of \"Hospital-ity\".",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The Cardiac Rehab Center, which cares for heart attack victims and people with coronary artery disease, opened in 1980. Thomas Charles Quintana was the first baby born at the newly-opened Baby Pavilion on December 28, 1985. In 2008, the New Rose Medical Plaza, which was to be used for diagnostic imaging, opened, while the Surgical Pavilion was completed in 2010.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In late June 2010, the hospital was selected by its parent company, Tenet Healthcare, with four other hospitals in the U.S., to add a feature to their website that allows people to see the estimated time between hospital admittance and being given a bed. It was chosen because of its already existing electronic medical record system. The Wound Care Center began operations in 2012. In 2013, the Emergency Room was renovated.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Healthcare workers picketed at the hospital in October 2022, protesting against low wages and understaffing.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In November 2010, Placentia-Linda was fined $25,000 by the California Department of Public Health for a patient error but stated that they would appeal the fine.",
"title": "Controversies"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "From 2009 to 2011, Yashwant Balgiri Giri, an anesthesiologist who worked at the hospital, sexually assaulted three female patients while they were under anesthesia. He was fined $50,000 and sentenced to six months in jail.",
"title": "Controversies"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Category:1972 establishments in California Category:Hospitals established in 1972 Category:Hospitals in California Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1972 Category:Placentia, California Category:Tenet Healthcare",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Linda-Placentia Hospital is a for-profit hospital in Placentia, California that serves Northern Orange County. Founded in 1972, it has 114 beds and focuses on acute care. | 2023-12-13T01:54:09Z | 2023-12-26T03:57:25Z | [
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75,549,890 | Léa Abadou | Léa Soïzic Abadou (Arabic: ليا سويزيك عبدو; born 12 March 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as a Centre-back for Division 2 Féminine club US Orléans. Born in France she represents Algeria at international level.
In 2019, Léa left Guingamp after seven years and joined CPB Rennes Bréquigny. A year later she joined Vendenheim for two seasons deal, marking the first time she played outside of Brittany.
In 2022, she moved from Vendenheim to US Saint-Malo in Division 2 Féminine for a season contract. In July 2023, US Orléans announced the signing of Abadou.
In September 2021, Abadou got her first call-up to the Algerian national team to participate in a preparational camp for the 2022 Women's Africa Cup of Nations qualification from 15 to 21 September 2023. In February 2023, Following the appointment of Farid Benstiti as head coach of the Algeria national team, she got re-called up again to participate in a training camp from 13 to 21 February 2023.
On 18 July 2023, Abadou debuted for the national team as a starter in a 4–nil loss to Senegal. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Léa Soïzic Abadou (Arabic: ليا سويزيك عبدو; born 12 March 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as a Centre-back for Division 2 Féminine club US Orléans. Born in France she represents Algeria at international level.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 2019, Léa left Guingamp after seven years and joined CPB Rennes Bréquigny. A year later she joined Vendenheim for two seasons deal, marking the first time she played outside of Brittany.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2022, she moved from Vendenheim to US Saint-Malo in Division 2 Féminine for a season contract. In July 2023, US Orléans announced the signing of Abadou.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In September 2021, Abadou got her first call-up to the Algerian national team to participate in a preparational camp for the 2022 Women's Africa Cup of Nations qualification from 15 to 21 September 2023. In February 2023, Following the appointment of Farid Benstiti as head coach of the Algeria national team, she got re-called up again to participate in a training camp from 13 to 21 February 2023.",
"title": "International career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On 18 July 2023, Abadou debuted for the national team as a starter in a 4–nil loss to Senegal.",
"title": "International career"
}
] | Léa Soïzic Abadou is a professional footballer who plays as a Centre-back for Division 2 Féminine club US Orléans. Born in France she represents Algeria at international level. | 2023-12-13T02:05:38Z | 2023-12-15T09:06:15Z | [
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75,549,891 | List of Venezuelan Nobel laureates | Up to date, there has only been one Venezuelan citizen awarded a Nobel Prize – the immunologist Baruj Benacerraf, who won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, alongside French immunologist Jean Dausset and American immunologist George Davis Snell. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Up to date, there has only been one Venezuelan citizen awarded a Nobel Prize – the immunologist Baruj Benacerraf, who won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, alongside French immunologist Jean Dausset and American immunologist George Davis Snell.",
"title": ""
}
] | Up to date, there has only been one Venezuelan citizen awarded a Nobel Prize – the immunologist Baruj Benacerraf, who won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, alongside French immunologist Jean Dausset and American immunologist George Davis Snell. | 2023-12-13T02:05:42Z | 2023-12-13T14:22:30Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Venezuelan_Nobel_laureates |
75,549,985 | Emre Hüner | Emre Hüner (born 1977, Istanbul, Turkey) is a visual artist living and working between Istanbul, Turkey and Amsterdam, Netherlands. Working with drawing, film, sculpture, installation and writing, his work explores the construction of modernist utopian projects, setting the idea of progress against deep time, geology and archeology through eclectic assemblages that blend fiction and documentarian approaches using archives, found objects and narratives.
Emre Hüner holds a BFA from the Accademia di Belli Arti di Brera, Milan, Italy (2004). He was a resident at the Rijksakademie van Beeldende Kunsten in Amsterdam in 2010–2011.
Hüner's first animated film "Panoptikon" (2005), "a two-dimensional, dystopic, post-Virilio vision" gathers archival objects, plants and architectural fragments drawn on paper and put into an anachronistic motion through repetitive industrial and scientific gestures, blurring the line between artefact and organism, and producing a "speculative narrative of disrupted episodes." The film was widely exhibited including the 10th Istanbul Biennial curated by Hou Hanru, Manifesta 7, Bolzano, Italy (2007), 6th Asia Pacific Triennial, Brisbane, Australia (2009) and Mori Art Museum, Tokyo, Japan (2019).
In 2013 Hüner presented a series of sculptures, drawings and films gathered under the title "AEOLIAN" at Rodeo Gallery and Nesrin Esirtgen Collection in Istanbul. These included the 16mm film "Diamond Head Diving Man" (2013), the installation "Anthropophagy" (2013) and the film "Aeolian Processes #2" (2012), produced during residencies in the Brazilian Amazon, including a visit to Fordlandia where he first started using ceramics "to imitate some organic forms" he encountered, "perfectly geometrical, fascinating and bizarre termite nests invading ruined industrial housing in the jungle". "Aeolian Processes #2" is a 16mm film documenting architectural models of Doris Duke's Shangri-La Villas in Hawaii and condensates Hüner's interest in scale models, utopian projects and decay. In a review of the exhibitions, Pelin Tan claims that "the experience of Hüner’s forms could be approached in the context of “new materialism” and his metaphorical spatial forms "as “arche–fossil”, a term coined by philosopher Quentin Meillassoux to describe materials that indicate not only "the traces of past life… but materials indicating the existence of an ancestral reality or event”. Iterations of "Aeolian Processes" were subsequently exhibited at Center for Contemporary Arts Kitakyushu, Japan (2013) and sspatz, Karlsruhe, Germany (2018).
2015 saw the premiere of Huner's film "Neochronophiq" (2015) at the 14th Istanbul Biennial curated by Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev. The three-channel film was co-produced by Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art, SAHA Association and Platform 0090 and was shot mainly around Mesopotamia, including the archeological site of Gobekli Tepe, interspersed with close-up views of Hüner's ceramic sculptures shot in natural environments and man-made closed architectures and actor Tomas Lemarquis' performative gestures. The sculptures were exhibited alongside the film which gives center stage to "artefacts and rituals, architectural entities, unidentifiable topographies and the materiality of geological temporality" to "play the lead roles". "Neochronophobiq" was subsequently shown in solo presentations at STUK Leuven, Belgium (2016), Protocinema New York, USA (2017) and Kunsthalle Darmstadt, Germany (2017).
Emre Hüner's solo exhibitions include:
His work has been shown in institutional group exhibitions such as: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Emre Hüner (born 1977, Istanbul, Turkey) is a visual artist living and working between Istanbul, Turkey and Amsterdam, Netherlands. Working with drawing, film, sculpture, installation and writing, his work explores the construction of modernist utopian projects, setting the idea of progress against deep time, geology and archeology through eclectic assemblages that blend fiction and documentarian approaches using archives, found objects and narratives.",
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},
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"title": "Education"
},
{
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"text": "Hüner's first animated film \"Panoptikon\" (2005), \"a two-dimensional, dystopic, post-Virilio vision\" gathers archival objects, plants and architectural fragments drawn on paper and put into an anachronistic motion through repetitive industrial and scientific gestures, blurring the line between artefact and organism, and producing a \"speculative narrative of disrupted episodes.\" The film was widely exhibited including the 10th Istanbul Biennial curated by Hou Hanru, Manifesta 7, Bolzano, Italy (2007), 6th Asia Pacific Triennial, Brisbane, Australia (2009) and Mori Art Museum, Tokyo, Japan (2019).",
"title": "Work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2013 Hüner presented a series of sculptures, drawings and films gathered under the title \"AEOLIAN\" at Rodeo Gallery and Nesrin Esirtgen Collection in Istanbul. These included the 16mm film \"Diamond Head Diving Man\" (2013), the installation \"Anthropophagy\" (2013) and the film \"Aeolian Processes #2\" (2012), produced during residencies in the Brazilian Amazon, including a visit to Fordlandia where he first started using ceramics \"to imitate some organic forms\" he encountered, \"perfectly geometrical, fascinating and bizarre termite nests invading ruined industrial housing in the jungle\". \"Aeolian Processes #2\" is a 16mm film documenting architectural models of Doris Duke's Shangri-La Villas in Hawaii and condensates Hüner's interest in scale models, utopian projects and decay. In a review of the exhibitions, Pelin Tan claims that \"the experience of Hüner’s forms could be approached in the context of “new materialism” and his metaphorical spatial forms \"as “arche–fossil”, a term coined by philosopher Quentin Meillassoux to describe materials that indicate not only \"the traces of past life… but materials indicating the existence of an ancestral reality or event”. Iterations of \"Aeolian Processes\" were subsequently exhibited at Center for Contemporary Arts Kitakyushu, Japan (2013) and sspatz, Karlsruhe, Germany (2018).",
"title": "Work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "2015 saw the premiere of Huner's film \"Neochronophiq\" (2015) at the 14th Istanbul Biennial curated by Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev. The three-channel film was co-produced by Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art, SAHA Association and Platform 0090 and was shot mainly around Mesopotamia, including the archeological site of Gobekli Tepe, interspersed with close-up views of Hüner's ceramic sculptures shot in natural environments and man-made closed architectures and actor Tomas Lemarquis' performative gestures. The sculptures were exhibited alongside the film which gives center stage to \"artefacts and rituals, architectural entities, unidentifiable topographies and the materiality of geological temporality\" to \"play the lead roles\". \"Neochronophobiq\" was subsequently shown in solo presentations at STUK Leuven, Belgium (2016), Protocinema New York, USA (2017) and Kunsthalle Darmstadt, Germany (2017).",
"title": "Work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Emre Hüner's solo exhibitions include:",
"title": "Selected Exhibitions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "His work has been shown in institutional group exhibitions such as:",
"title": "Selected Exhibitions"
}
] | Emre Hüner is a visual artist living and working between Istanbul, Turkey and Amsterdam, Netherlands. Working with drawing, film, sculpture, installation and writing, his work explores the construction of modernist utopian projects, setting the idea of progress against deep time, geology and archeology through eclectic assemblages that blend fiction and documentarian approaches using archives, found objects and narratives. | 2023-12-13T02:16:13Z | 2023-12-14T23:21:46Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emre_H%C3%BCner |
75,550,033 | Roslyn Kemp | Roslyn A. Kemp is a New Zealand immunologist, and as of 2023 is a full professor at the University of Otago. Her research focuses on T cells, mucosal and tumour immune responses, inflammation and T cell memory.
Kemp completed a Bachelor of Science in microbiology at the University of Otago. She then earned a PhD in pathology and molecular medicine at the Wellington School of Medicine and the Malaghan Institute. Kemp undertook postdoctoral work at the Trudeau Institute in the USA and and at Oxford University before returning to New Zealand. She joined the faculty of the department of biochemistry at Otago in 2009, rising to associate professor in 2017 and full professor in 2021.
Kemp's research focuses on cancer and inflammation, specifically the role of T cells and myeloid cells in mediating immunity to tumours. She investigates the molecular signalling pathways in T cells, and the role that T cells play within immune responses to tumours and inflammatory bowel disease. Her research is aimed at finding ways to prevent, diagnose and treat cancer, particularly colorectal cancer. Kemp uses multiplex imaging and mass cytometry in her work.
Kemp is part of the Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, and is associate dean research in the Division of Health Sciences at Otago.
Kemp was awarded the Miriam Dell Award for science mentoring by the Association for Women in Science in 2015, with her nomination saying "she has an inclusive and unselfish approach to mentoring, with a special emphasis on supporting young female Maori students into postgraduate study." Kemp wrote a book with Deborah M. Brown, How to be a scientist: critical thinking in the life sciences published in 2023 by Garland Science.
Kemp was the University of Otago Supervisor of the Year in 2013 and 2020. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Roslyn A. Kemp is a New Zealand immunologist, and as of 2023 is a full professor at the University of Otago. Her research focuses on T cells, mucosal and tumour immune responses, inflammation and T cell memory.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kemp completed a Bachelor of Science in microbiology at the University of Otago. She then earned a PhD in pathology and molecular medicine at the Wellington School of Medicine and the Malaghan Institute. Kemp undertook postdoctoral work at the Trudeau Institute in the USA and and at Oxford University before returning to New Zealand. She joined the faculty of the department of biochemistry at Otago in 2009, rising to associate professor in 2017 and full professor in 2021.",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Kemp's research focuses on cancer and inflammation, specifically the role of T cells and myeloid cells in mediating immunity to tumours. She investigates the molecular signalling pathways in T cells, and the role that T cells play within immune responses to tumours and inflammatory bowel disease. Her research is aimed at finding ways to prevent, diagnose and treat cancer, particularly colorectal cancer. Kemp uses multiplex imaging and mass cytometry in her work.",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Kemp is part of the Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, and is associate dean research in the Division of Health Sciences at Otago.",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Kemp was awarded the Miriam Dell Award for science mentoring by the Association for Women in Science in 2015, with her nomination saying \"she has an inclusive and unselfish approach to mentoring, with a special emphasis on supporting young female Maori students into postgraduate study.\" Kemp wrote a book with Deborah M. Brown, How to be a scientist: critical thinking in the life sciences published in 2023 by Garland Science.",
"title": "Honours and awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Kemp was the University of Otago Supervisor of the Year in 2013 and 2020.",
"title": "Honours and awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Roslyn A. Kemp is a New Zealand immunologist, and as of 2023 is a full professor at the University of Otago. Her research focuses on T cells, mucosal and tumour immune responses, inflammation and T cell memory. | 2023-12-13T02:27:50Z | 2023-12-13T17:35:20Z | [
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75,550,038 | Muraqqa-e Gulshan | The Muraqqaʿ-e Gulshan or Moraqqaʿ-e Golshan ('Gulshan Album') is an eclectic album (muraqqa) of miniature paintings, drawings, calligraphy and engravings by Indo-Persian, Deccani, Turkish and European artists.
The album was compiled in early 17th century AD (11th century AH) Mughal India by Prince Salim (later Emperor Jahangir) as a source of wisdom and pleasure. Most of its surviving folios are in the library of Gulistan Palace, Tehran.
It has been suggested, apparently without good evidence, that the Gulshan album was acquired by Nader Shah Afshar during his invasion of India and returned with him to Persia in 1741.
The core of the Gulshan album remains in the library of Gulistan Palace in Tehran (no. 1663), but many individual folios have been removed and are now scattered across art galleries and private collections worldwide. A group of some twenty-five folios was acquired in Persia by Heinrich Karl Brugsch in 1860–61 and became known as the Berlin Album; it is now in the Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz.
The albums in Tehran and Berlin both now contain leaves from another, very similar Mughal album, the Muraqqaʿ-e Gulistan (Gulistan Palace Library, no. 1664). Both the Golshan and Gulistan albums are mentioned as the property of Shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar while he was still crown prince in Tabriz, before his accession to the Sun Throne in 1848.
The Gulshan album was a project of the artistically minded Emperor Jahangir, who began compiling it before his accession to the Mughal throne in 1605 and continued adding to it during the early part of his reign. Based on an inscription, the collection was probably begun sometime before 1600, while Jahangir was still Prince Salim, son of the ageing Emperor Akbar.
The volume was probably intended to be shown and discussed by the shah and his learned guests at certain intellectual gatherings, such as the one held late in Jahangir's reign at Lahore, which is described by the visiting Persian poet known as Mutribi. The images and poems may also have been enjoyed at pleasure parties held within the royal palaces.
The volume consists of facing pages of Persian calligraphy alternating with pages of illustration. The illustrated pages have decorative margins which typically depict either landscapes with birds and scenes of the chase or different types of abstract scrollwork and vegetal designs, whereas the margins of the calligraphic pages often include human and animal figures and a variety of objects.
Some of the leaves were brough to Mughal India by Persian artists who moved there in the 16th century, and others were produced by the local court painters. There was also some recycling of images from old, unfinished manuscripts of famous works such as the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, the Khamsa of Nizami and the Zafarnama of Sharaf al-Din ʿAli Yazdi. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Muraqqaʿ-e Gulshan or Moraqqaʿ-e Golshan ('Gulshan Album') is an eclectic album (muraqqa) of miniature paintings, drawings, calligraphy and engravings by Indo-Persian, Deccani, Turkish and European artists.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The album was compiled in early 17th century AD (11th century AH) Mughal India by Prince Salim (later Emperor Jahangir) as a source of wisdom and pleasure. Most of its surviving folios are in the library of Gulistan Palace, Tehran.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "It has been suggested, apparently without good evidence, that the Gulshan album was acquired by Nader Shah Afshar during his invasion of India and returned with him to Persia in 1741.",
"title": "Provenance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The core of the Gulshan album remains in the library of Gulistan Palace in Tehran (no. 1663), but many individual folios have been removed and are now scattered across art galleries and private collections worldwide. A group of some twenty-five folios was acquired in Persia by Heinrich Karl Brugsch in 1860–61 and became known as the Berlin Album; it is now in the Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz.",
"title": "Provenance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The albums in Tehran and Berlin both now contain leaves from another, very similar Mughal album, the Muraqqaʿ-e Gulistan (Gulistan Palace Library, no. 1664). Both the Golshan and Gulistan albums are mentioned as the property of Shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar while he was still crown prince in Tabriz, before his accession to the Sun Throne in 1848.",
"title": "Provenance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The Gulshan album was a project of the artistically minded Emperor Jahangir, who began compiling it before his accession to the Mughal throne in 1605 and continued adding to it during the early part of his reign. Based on an inscription, the collection was probably begun sometime before 1600, while Jahangir was still Prince Salim, son of the ageing Emperor Akbar.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The volume was probably intended to be shown and discussed by the shah and his learned guests at certain intellectual gatherings, such as the one held late in Jahangir's reign at Lahore, which is described by the visiting Persian poet known as Mutribi. The images and poems may also have been enjoyed at pleasure parties held within the royal palaces.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The volume consists of facing pages of Persian calligraphy alternating with pages of illustration. The illustrated pages have decorative margins which typically depict either landscapes with birds and scenes of the chase or different types of abstract scrollwork and vegetal designs, whereas the margins of the calligraphic pages often include human and animal figures and a variety of objects.",
"title": "Contents"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Some of the leaves were brough to Mughal India by Persian artists who moved there in the 16th century, and others were produced by the local court painters. There was also some recycling of images from old, unfinished manuscripts of famous works such as the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, the Khamsa of Nizami and the Zafarnama of Sharaf al-Din ʿAli Yazdi.",
"title": "Contents"
}
] | The Muraqqaʿ-e Gulshan or Moraqqaʿ-e Golshan is an eclectic album (muraqqa) of miniature paintings, drawings, calligraphy and engravings by Indo-Persian, Deccani, Turkish and European artists. The album was compiled in early 17th century AD Mughal India by Prince Salim as a source of wisdom and pleasure. Most of its surviving folios are in the library of Gulistan Palace, Tehran. | 2023-12-13T02:29:06Z | 2023-12-16T23:04:07Z | [
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75,550,067 | First Avenue Management | First Avenue Records (also known as 1st Avenue and First Avenue Management) was a British record label, publishing company and music management company. The publishing side of the company was acquired by BMG Music Publishing in 2002. After Universal Music Publishing's acquisition of BMG Music Publishing in 2004, First Avenue Music then belonged to Universal Music Publishing.
The brains behind First Avenue Records were Oliver Smallman and Denis Ingoldsby. They handled artist management, signed and developed acts, pretty much acting as A&R for record labels. Licensed acts included Quartz, record producers/DJs/remixers Dave Rawlings and Ronnie Herel - PolyGram, Dina Carroll - A&M, Michelle Gayle - RCA, Eternal, Louise and Dana Dawson - EMI, MN8 - Columbia, the Honeyz - Mercury, and Kele Le Roc - Polydor/Wildcard Records.
The label launched in 1991 with a dance cover of Carole King's "It's Too Late" by Quartz featuring Dina Carroll which was a hit, reaching No. 8 in the UK Singles Chart and introducing Carroll who later released So Close. These were followed by another million seller, Eternal's Always & Forever. Success continued until the late 1990s with most of their acts being dropped from their labels. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "First Avenue Records (also known as 1st Avenue and First Avenue Management) was a British record label, publishing company and music management company. The publishing side of the company was acquired by BMG Music Publishing in 2002. After Universal Music Publishing's acquisition of BMG Music Publishing in 2004, First Avenue Music then belonged to Universal Music Publishing.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The brains behind First Avenue Records were Oliver Smallman and Denis Ingoldsby. They handled artist management, signed and developed acts, pretty much acting as A&R for record labels. Licensed acts included Quartz, record producers/DJs/remixers Dave Rawlings and Ronnie Herel - PolyGram, Dina Carroll - A&M, Michelle Gayle - RCA, Eternal, Louise and Dana Dawson - EMI, MN8 - Columbia, the Honeyz - Mercury, and Kele Le Roc - Polydor/Wildcard Records.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The label launched in 1991 with a dance cover of Carole King's \"It's Too Late\" by Quartz featuring Dina Carroll which was a hit, reaching No. 8 in the UK Singles Chart and introducing Carroll who later released So Close. These were followed by another million seller, Eternal's Always & Forever. Success continued until the late 1990s with most of their acts being dropped from their labels.",
"title": ""
}
] | First Avenue Records was a British record label, publishing company and music management company. The publishing side of the company was acquired by BMG Music Publishing in 2002. After Universal Music Publishing's acquisition of BMG Music Publishing in 2004, First Avenue Music then belonged to Universal Music Publishing. The brains behind First Avenue Records were Oliver Smallman and Denis Ingoldsby. They handled artist management, signed and developed acts, pretty much acting as A&R for record labels. Licensed acts included Quartz, record producers/DJs/remixers Dave Rawlings and Ronnie Herel - PolyGram, Dina Carroll - A&M, Michelle Gayle - RCA, Eternal, Louise and Dana Dawson - EMI, MN8 - Columbia, the Honeyz - Mercury, and Kele Le Roc - Polydor/Wildcard Records. The label launched in 1991 with a dance cover of Carole King's "It's Too Late" by Quartz featuring Dina Carroll which was a hit, reaching No. 8 in the UK Singles Chart and introducing Carroll who later released So Close. These were followed by another million seller, Eternal's Always & Forever. Success continued until the late 1990s with most of their acts being dropped from their labels. | 2023-12-13T02:35:02Z | 2023-12-13T22:01:17Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Avenue_Management |
75,550,069 | Pickerington Methodist Hospital | Pickerington Methodist Hospital is a, 220,000-square-foot (20,000 m), primary care hospital in Pickerington, Ohio. Pickerington Methodist is a member hospital of OhioHealth, a not-for-profit, faith-based healthcare system. It is located off Ohio State Route 256. Pickerington Methodist is the second ever full-service hospital to be built in Fairfield County, Ohio.
As part of the OhioHealth system of hospitals, Pickerington Methodist includes services such as 24-hour emergency department, intensive care beds and private rooms, women's health services (including obstetrics), Heart and Vascular (Diagnostic and Interventional Cath Labs), Acute Stroke Program, and more.
OhioHealth introduced a ground-breaking technology known as Smart Room that combines digital whiteboards with conventional hospital services, marking a first-of-its-kind initiative in the Greater Columbus region. The Smart Room technology provides instant display of patient information on digital door signs as soon as a doctor or nurse wearing a specific badge approaches a room. Patients' televisions are paused to enable them to know who is about to enter their room. Moreover, the platform enables patients to access test results or have virtual consultations with specialists. Family members and friends can also connect remotely with the patient. These digital platforms are intended to improve patient education, provide updates on treatment progress, and offer meal options and entertainment, complementing the traditional nurse-call button system.
The hospital cost $140 million to construct. The hospital encompasses over 30 acres of what was unused property, stretching from the northern area of the former OhioHealth Pickerington Medical Campus.
Outpatient and inpatient services at Pickerington Methodist Hospital include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pickerington Methodist Hospital is a, 220,000-square-foot (20,000 m), primary care hospital in Pickerington, Ohio. Pickerington Methodist is a member hospital of OhioHealth, a not-for-profit, faith-based healthcare system. It is located off Ohio State Route 256. Pickerington Methodist is the second ever full-service hospital to be built in Fairfield County, Ohio.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As part of the OhioHealth system of hospitals, Pickerington Methodist includes services such as 24-hour emergency department, intensive care beds and private rooms, women's health services (including obstetrics), Heart and Vascular (Diagnostic and Interventional Cath Labs), Acute Stroke Program, and more.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "OhioHealth introduced a ground-breaking technology known as Smart Room that combines digital whiteboards with conventional hospital services, marking a first-of-its-kind initiative in the Greater Columbus region. The Smart Room technology provides instant display of patient information on digital door signs as soon as a doctor or nurse wearing a specific badge approaches a room. Patients' televisions are paused to enable them to know who is about to enter their room. Moreover, the platform enables patients to access test results or have virtual consultations with specialists. Family members and friends can also connect remotely with the patient. These digital platforms are intended to improve patient education, provide updates on treatment progress, and offer meal options and entertainment, complementing the traditional nurse-call button system.",
"title": "Design and construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The hospital cost $140 million to construct. The hospital encompasses over 30 acres of what was unused property, stretching from the northern area of the former OhioHealth Pickerington Medical Campus.",
"title": "Design and construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Outpatient and inpatient services at Pickerington Methodist Hospital include:",
"title": "Services"
}
] | Pickerington Methodist Hospital is a, 220,000-square-foot (20,000 m2), primary care hospital in Pickerington, Ohio. Pickerington Methodist is a member hospital of OhioHealth, a not-for-profit, faith-based healthcare system. It is located off Ohio State Route 256. Pickerington Methodist is the second ever full-service hospital to be built in Fairfield County, Ohio. As part of the OhioHealth system of hospitals, Pickerington Methodist includes services such as 24-hour emergency department, intensive care beds and private rooms, women's health services, Heart and Vascular, Acute Stroke Program, and more. | 2023-12-13T02:35:21Z | 2023-12-24T19:55:00Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickerington_Methodist_Hospital |
75,550,074 | Lisa Post | Lisa Post (born 27 January 1999) is a Dutch field hockey player.
Lisa Post was born and raised in Veldhoven.
In the Netherlands' domestic league, the Hoofdklasse, Post represents SCHC.
Post made her debut for the junior national team in 2017. She represent the team at the EuroHockey Junior Championship in Valencia, where she won a gold medal.
In 2019 she represented the team again, winning silver at her second EuroHockey Junior Championship in Valencia.
Following her success in the national junior teams, Post was called up to make her senior international debut in 2019. She made her first appearance during season one of the FIH Pro League.
She has since gone on to win silver and gold in seasons three and four of the FIH Pro League, respectively. She also won gold at the 2023 EuroHockey Championship in Mönchengladbach. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lisa Post (born 27 January 1999) is a Dutch field hockey player.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lisa Post was born and raised in Veldhoven.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In the Netherlands' domestic league, the Hoofdklasse, Post represents SCHC.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Post made her debut for the junior national team in 2017. She represent the team at the EuroHockey Junior Championship in Valencia, where she won a gold medal.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2019 she represented the team again, winning silver at her second EuroHockey Junior Championship in Valencia.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Following her success in the national junior teams, Post was called up to make her senior international debut in 2019. She made her first appearance during season one of the FIH Pro League.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "She has since gone on to win silver and gold in seasons three and four of the FIH Pro League, respectively. She also won gold at the 2023 EuroHockey Championship in Mönchengladbach.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Lisa Post is a Dutch field hockey player. | 2023-12-13T02:35:48Z | 2023-12-13T11:31:46Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa_Post |
75,550,082 | Laidlaw Scholars | The Laidlaw Scholars is a two-year undergraduate research and leadership program founded by Scottish businessman and philanthropist, Lord Laidlaw funded through his Laidlaw Foundation. Established in 2014, the program funds two summer research projects and fosters leadership development over eighteen months for selected undergraduates at eighteen partner global universities. The program selects up to 25 students from each member university annually based on their proposed research project, ethical leadership potential and commitment to the Laidlaw Foundation's values.
The Laidlaw Scholars Leadership and Research Programme was first devised in 2014 at the alma maters of Lord Laidlaw, the University of Leeds (where the Laidlaw Library is named after him) and the University of St Andrews (where the Laidlaw Music Centre is named after him). The program has expanded internationally over the years and in October 2023, Imperial College London became the newest member of the network and the eighteenth member.
Former member universities of the program include the National University of Singapore, the University of Oxford and the University of Rwanda.
Each program may differ between member universities however generally, the program involves scholars undertaking an independent or faculty-sponsored research project over summer at either their original institution or at a partner Laidlaws Scholars' institution. In the following summer, scholars complete a 'Leadership in Action' project by contributing to a community through applied research or work with a NGO, non-profit or humanitarian organisation. Scholars are encouraged to conduct the second project abroad. During the academic year, scholars also receive mentoring from a specialist supervisor, attend leadership development workshops and residential weekends, and gain access to networking opportunities through the Laidlaw Scholars' global network.
Eligible undergraduate students from all disciplines apply to their respective member institutions with a personal statement and proposed research project. Applicants are then shortlisted and go through an interview process before being selected and nominated to the Laidlaw Foundation for funding.
Each scholar is supported by a stipend of USD$8,400 (GBP£6,000, CAD$10,000, EUR€7,000, HK$12,000, and CHF₣7,000) over the two-year program, dependant on the institution. In addition to the stipend, travel and research bursaries are awarded where relevant. Laidlaw Scholar alumni also gain access to exclusive funding from the Laidlaw Scholars Venture (LSV), a US$50 million backed venture funding initiative created for start-ups founded and run by Laidlaw Scholars.
In 2019, the Laidlaw Foundation introduced full and half scholarships for women pursuing postgraduate studies in business, in particular MBAs, at the following four business schools: Columbia Business School, HEC Paris, London Business School, and Saïd Business School. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Laidlaw Scholars is a two-year undergraduate research and leadership program founded by Scottish businessman and philanthropist, Lord Laidlaw funded through his Laidlaw Foundation. Established in 2014, the program funds two summer research projects and fosters leadership development over eighteen months for selected undergraduates at eighteen partner global universities. The program selects up to 25 students from each member university annually based on their proposed research project, ethical leadership potential and commitment to the Laidlaw Foundation's values.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Laidlaw Scholars Leadership and Research Programme was first devised in 2014 at the alma maters of Lord Laidlaw, the University of Leeds (where the Laidlaw Library is named after him) and the University of St Andrews (where the Laidlaw Music Centre is named after him). The program has expanded internationally over the years and in October 2023, Imperial College London became the newest member of the network and the eighteenth member.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Former member universities of the program include the National University of Singapore, the University of Oxford and the University of Rwanda.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Each program may differ between member universities however generally, the program involves scholars undertaking an independent or faculty-sponsored research project over summer at either their original institution or at a partner Laidlaws Scholars' institution. In the following summer, scholars complete a 'Leadership in Action' project by contributing to a community through applied research or work with a NGO, non-profit or humanitarian organisation. Scholars are encouraged to conduct the second project abroad. During the academic year, scholars also receive mentoring from a specialist supervisor, attend leadership development workshops and residential weekends, and gain access to networking opportunities through the Laidlaw Scholars' global network.",
"title": "Program"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Eligible undergraduate students from all disciplines apply to their respective member institutions with a personal statement and proposed research project. Applicants are then shortlisted and go through an interview process before being selected and nominated to the Laidlaw Foundation for funding.",
"title": "Selection and Benefits"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Each scholar is supported by a stipend of USD$8,400 (GBP£6,000, CAD$10,000, EUR€7,000, HK$12,000, and CHF₣7,000) over the two-year program, dependant on the institution. In addition to the stipend, travel and research bursaries are awarded where relevant. Laidlaw Scholar alumni also gain access to exclusive funding from the Laidlaw Scholars Venture (LSV), a US$50 million backed venture funding initiative created for start-ups founded and run by Laidlaw Scholars.",
"title": "Selection and Benefits"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 2019, the Laidlaw Foundation introduced full and half scholarships for women pursuing postgraduate studies in business, in particular MBAs, at the following four business schools: Columbia Business School, HEC Paris, London Business School, and Saïd Business School.",
"title": "Women's Business Education"
}
] | The Laidlaw Scholars is a two-year undergraduate research and leadership program founded by Scottish businessman and philanthropist, Lord Laidlaw funded through his Laidlaw Foundation. Established in 2014, the program funds two summer research projects and fosters leadership development over eighteen months for selected undergraduates at eighteen partner global universities. The program selects up to 25 students from each member university annually based on their proposed research project, ethical leadership potential and commitment to the Laidlaw Foundation's values. | 2023-12-13T02:37:06Z | 2023-12-13T23:24:10Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laidlaw_Scholars |
75,550,091 | Doppelganger (disinformation campaign) | Doppelganger is the name given for a Russian disinformation campaign established in 2022. It targets Ukraine, Germany, France and the United States, with the aim of undermining support for Ukraine in Russia's invasion of the country.
The aim is to serve the Kremlin's narrative, primarily to weaken Western support for Ukraine. The narrative favours four themes:
The second goal for the propaganda articles is to be quoted and picked up by Russian media in order to reach the Russian population through the alternative reality that Russian power is trying to maintain about the war in Ukraine.
Doppelganger has been active since May 2022. The campaign was unmasked by EU DisinfoLab that September.
Doppelganger relies on fake websites that mimic the appearance of existing news sources, such as Der Spiegel, Le Parisien, Fox News and The Washington Post. In the U.S., Doppelganger has pushed articles criticising the LGBTQ+ movement, which has been outlawed in Russia, and raising doubts about the competence of the military.
Doppelganger's fake websites push false stories that are critical of Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, U.S. president Joe Biden and the White House's Ukraine policy.
In June 2023, French authorities announced they had uncovered a Doppelganger campaign to target several French daily newspapers such as Le Figaro, Le Parisien, Le Monde and 20 minutes, as well as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The campaign created copycat websites of the newspapers, using them to promote pro-Russian content, including a fake Le Monde article titled "French Minister supports the murder of Russian soldiers in Ukraine". A fake Ministry of Foreign Affairs website was also created, including a fake announcement for a 1.5% tax on "every monetary transaction" to finance military support for Ukraine.
Despite its discovery and denunciation, Operation Doppelganger continued. In August 2003, Meta's security report stated that Doppelganger was targeting a new country: the United States. In the summer of 2023, Russian services copied the websites of Fox News Channel, The Washington Post and the NATO website.
In November 2023, researchers identified a disinformation campaign linked to Doppelganger on Facebook. The campaign pushed ads with pictures of celebrities such as Taylor Swift, Beyoncé, Justin Bieber and others alongside fake pro-Russian and anti-Ukrainian quotes.
Doppelganger has pushed false information about the 2023 Israel–Hamas war using fake websites that mimic the appearance of Fox News, Le Parisien and Der Spiegel. The websites' articles promote the suggestion that financial support for Ukraine from Western powers has been diverted to Israel and that Ukraine will lose all military and financial support from the West. The fake articles appeared in Russian, Ukrainian, English, French, German and Hebrew, and were relayed by bots on Twitter. One forged German report attempted to link the energy crisis in Europe to the war, and a deepfake AI-generated video showed an IDF soldier inviting Ukrainians to join the Israeli army in exchange for payment and citizenship.
In November 2023, France accused Doppelganger and Recent Reliable News (RRN) of interfering in its internal affairs by sharing photos of Star of David graffiti painted on buildings across Paris. At the end of October 2023, stenciled blue Stars of David were discovered on street walls in Paris and its suburbs. The act, immediately described as anti-Semitic, was widely denounced as reminiscent of the Stars of David painted by the Nazis on Jewish-owned businesses. After a few days and the arrest of a Moldovan couple suspected of tagging the stars at the request of Anatoliï Prizenko, a pro-Russian Moldovan businessman, Le Monde reported that Prizenko was potentially behind the graffiti incident. A Russian influence operation was suspected. On November 9, 2023, France issued an official statement condemning the involvement of the Doppelganger network. Numerous accounts, attributed "with a high degree of trust" to the Doppelganger network, were the first to publish online photographs of the stenciled Stars of David, and were instrumental in artificially amplifying their spread on social networks. France's foreign ministry said it demonstrated how Russia was taking advantage of "international crises" to create confusion and fuel tensions. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Doppelganger is the name given for a Russian disinformation campaign established in 2022. It targets Ukraine, Germany, France and the United States, with the aim of undermining support for Ukraine in Russia's invasion of the country.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The aim is to serve the Kremlin's narrative, primarily to weaken Western support for Ukraine. The narrative favours four themes:",
"title": "Goals"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The second goal for the propaganda articles is to be quoted and picked up by Russian media in order to reach the Russian population through the alternative reality that Russian power is trying to maintain about the war in Ukraine.",
"title": "Goals"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Doppelganger has been active since May 2022. The campaign was unmasked by EU DisinfoLab that September.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Doppelganger relies on fake websites that mimic the appearance of existing news sources, such as Der Spiegel, Le Parisien, Fox News and The Washington Post. In the U.S., Doppelganger has pushed articles criticising the LGBTQ+ movement, which has been outlawed in Russia, and raising doubts about the competence of the military.",
"title": "Disinformation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Doppelganger's fake websites push false stories that are critical of Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, U.S. president Joe Biden and the White House's Ukraine policy.",
"title": "Disinformation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In June 2023, French authorities announced they had uncovered a Doppelganger campaign to target several French daily newspapers such as Le Figaro, Le Parisien, Le Monde and 20 minutes, as well as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The campaign created copycat websites of the newspapers, using them to promote pro-Russian content, including a fake Le Monde article titled \"French Minister supports the murder of Russian soldiers in Ukraine\". A fake Ministry of Foreign Affairs website was also created, including a fake announcement for a 1.5% tax on \"every monetary transaction\" to finance military support for Ukraine.",
"title": "Disinformation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Despite its discovery and denunciation, Operation Doppelganger continued. In August 2003, Meta's security report stated that Doppelganger was targeting a new country: the United States. In the summer of 2023, Russian services copied the websites of Fox News Channel, The Washington Post and the NATO website.",
"title": "Disinformation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In November 2023, researchers identified a disinformation campaign linked to Doppelganger on Facebook. The campaign pushed ads with pictures of celebrities such as Taylor Swift, Beyoncé, Justin Bieber and others alongside fake pro-Russian and anti-Ukrainian quotes.",
"title": "Disinformation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Doppelganger has pushed false information about the 2023 Israel–Hamas war using fake websites that mimic the appearance of Fox News, Le Parisien and Der Spiegel. The websites' articles promote the suggestion that financial support for Ukraine from Western powers has been diverted to Israel and that Ukraine will lose all military and financial support from the West. The fake articles appeared in Russian, Ukrainian, English, French, German and Hebrew, and were relayed by bots on Twitter. One forged German report attempted to link the energy crisis in Europe to the war, and a deepfake AI-generated video showed an IDF soldier inviting Ukrainians to join the Israeli army in exchange for payment and citizenship.",
"title": "Disinformation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In November 2023, France accused Doppelganger and Recent Reliable News (RRN) of interfering in its internal affairs by sharing photos of Star of David graffiti painted on buildings across Paris. At the end of October 2023, stenciled blue Stars of David were discovered on street walls in Paris and its suburbs. The act, immediately described as anti-Semitic, was widely denounced as reminiscent of the Stars of David painted by the Nazis on Jewish-owned businesses. After a few days and the arrest of a Moldovan couple suspected of tagging the stars at the request of Anatoliï Prizenko, a pro-Russian Moldovan businessman, Le Monde reported that Prizenko was potentially behind the graffiti incident. A Russian influence operation was suspected. On November 9, 2023, France issued an official statement condemning the involvement of the Doppelganger network. Numerous accounts, attributed \"with a high degree of trust\" to the Doppelganger network, were the first to publish online photographs of the stenciled Stars of David, and were instrumental in artificially amplifying their spread on social networks. France's foreign ministry said it demonstrated how Russia was taking advantage of \"international crises\" to create confusion and fuel tensions.",
"title": "Disinformation"
}
] | Doppelganger is the name given for a Russian disinformation campaign established in 2022. It targets Ukraine, Germany, France and the United States, with the aim of undermining support for Ukraine in Russia's invasion of the country. | 2023-12-13T02:38:29Z | 2023-12-28T23:58:55Z | [
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75,550,092 | The Enchanted Island (radio serial) | The Enchanted Island is a 1952 Australian radio serial by Morris West about a group of eccentrics living on the Isle of Capri. West wrote it after a trip to Europe to gather material.
It was one of a number of 52-episode serials written by West the others including The Dreaming City, The Golden Road and The Secret Mountain.
The actors included Richard Davies, Keith Eden and Patricia Kennedy. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Enchanted Island is a 1952 Australian radio serial by Morris West about a group of eccentrics living on the Isle of Capri. West wrote it after a trip to Europe to gather material.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It was one of a number of 52-episode serials written by West the others including The Dreaming City, The Golden Road and The Secret Mountain.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The actors included Richard Davies, Keith Eden and Patricia Kennedy.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Enchanted Island is a 1952 Australian radio serial by Morris West about a group of eccentrics living on the Isle of Capri. West wrote it after a trip to Europe to gather material. It was one of a number of 52-episode serials written by West the others including The Dreaming City, The Golden Road and The Secret Mountain. The actors included Richard Davies, Keith Eden and Patricia Kennedy. | 2023-12-13T02:38:31Z | 2023-12-13T09:48:21Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Enchanted_Island_(radio_serial) |
75,550,096 | William B. Wright (disambiguation) | William B. Wright (1806–1868) was a justice of the New York Supreme Court. William B. Wright may also refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "William B. Wright (1806–1868) was a justice of the New York Supreme Court. William B. Wright may also refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | William B. Wright (1806–1868) was a justice of the New York Supreme Court. William B. Wright may also refer to: William Bacon Wright (1830–1895), Confederate politician
William Barton Wright (1828–1915), British railway engineer
William Burnet Wright (1836–1924), Congregational clergyman from Ohio | 2023-12-13T02:39:22Z | 2023-12-13T02:39:22Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_B._Wright_(disambiguation) |
75,550,099 | Yevarechecha | "Yevarechecha" (Hebrew: יְבָרֶכְךָ, romanized: Yəḇāreḵəḵā; lit. 'You Will be Blessed' or 'You Shall be Blessed'), also transliterated as "Yevarekhekha", is a Hasidic Jewish nigun composed by David Weinkranz and performed by Ilana Rovina for the album Chasidic Song Festival 1970. The song is considered to be a classic from all of the festival's history.
The lyrics of "Yevarechecha" comes from Psalms 128:5–6. Unlike the Masoretic Text of the psalm, the song has the phrase "all days of your life" (כל ימי חייך) as a standalone line, following a repetition of the first line up until "from Zion" (מציון). The new line also repeats "days of" (ימי) consecutively (כל ימי-ימי חייך). The lyrics use the title Hashem (ה׳) in place of the Tetragrammaton, which is commonplace in Orthodox Judaism.
The word "חייך" (chayeykha, "your life") can alternatively be transliterated to chayyeykha, as the first Yod is geminated, however it is not typically pronounced as such in Modern Hebrew. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Yevarechecha\" (Hebrew: יְבָרֶכְךָ, romanized: Yəḇāreḵəḵā; lit. 'You Will be Blessed' or 'You Shall be Blessed'), also transliterated as \"Yevarekhekha\", is a Hasidic Jewish nigun composed by David Weinkranz and performed by Ilana Rovina for the album Chasidic Song Festival 1970. The song is considered to be a classic from all of the festival's history.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The lyrics of \"Yevarechecha\" comes from Psalms 128:5–6. Unlike the Masoretic Text of the psalm, the song has the phrase \"all days of your life\" (כל ימי חייך) as a standalone line, following a repetition of the first line up until \"from Zion\" (מציון). The new line also repeats \"days of\" (ימי) consecutively (כל ימי-ימי חייך). The lyrics use the title Hashem (ה׳) in place of the Tetragrammaton, which is commonplace in Orthodox Judaism.",
"title": "Lyrics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The word \"חייך\" (chayeykha, \"your life\") can alternatively be transliterated to chayyeykha, as the first Yod is geminated, however it is not typically pronounced as such in Modern Hebrew.",
"title": "Lyrics"
}
] | "Yevarechecha", also transliterated as "Yevarekhekha", is a Hasidic Jewish nigun composed by David Weinkranz and performed by Ilana Rovina for the album Chasidic Song Festival 1970. The song is considered to be a classic from all of the festival's history. | 2023-12-13T02:39:26Z | 2023-12-31T19:54:54Z | [
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75,550,150 | Hermann von Wechlinger Schulte | Hermann von Wechlinger Schulte (August 9, 1876– July 13, 1932) was an American anatomist, professor, and dean of Creighton University School of Medicine.
Schulte was born in 1876 in Utica, New York. His parents were Julia Low and Bernard Schulte. His father immigrated to America from Germany and was an Episcopal minister. His mother was the daughter of landscape painter Edward Delavan Nelson.
Schulte attended St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire from 1888 to 1893. He attended Trinity College, graduating as the class valedictorian with an A.B. in 1897. While at Trinity, he was the literary editor of The Trinity Tablet and was member of Delta Psi (aka St. Anthony Hall) and the honor societies Alpha Omega Alpha, Phi Beta Kappa, and Sigma Xi.
He attended the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating with a doctor of medicine in 1902. He interned at the Presybterian Hospital in New York City from 1902 to 1904. He also studied at the University of Berlin in the summer of 1904.
Schulte taught anatomy and conducted research under George Sumner Huntington at Columbia from 1904 to 1917. In 1917, he became a professor of anatomy at Creighton University School of Medicine. In 1918, he became chief of the staff at St. Joseph's Hospital in Omaha. He became dean of the Creighton University School of Medicine in 1919.
Schulte published articles on the anatomy of whales and was known as a leader in the field of anatomical research. In 1922, he became a lieutenant colonel in the Medical Reserve Corps and commanded General Hospital Number 55.
He was a charter member of the American Society of Mammalogists and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also a member of the American Musem of Natural History and a fellow the New York Zoological Society. He was vice president of the New York Academy of Sciences and president of the Council of Social Agencies, the Council of Social Work, the Nebraska Academy of Science, the Nebraska Conference for Social Work, and the Omaha chapter of the American Interprofessional Institute.
Schulte was a member of the American Medical Association, the Association for the Study of Internal Secretions, the Catholic Hospital Association, the Harvey Society, the National Tuberculosis Association, the Nebraska State Medical Society, the Omaha-Douglas County Medical Society, the Society for the Study of Internal Secretions, and the United States Public Health Association. He also served on the Omaha mayor's Committee on Communicable Diseases.
Schulte was a member of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. He was a trustee for the Society for the Relief of The Disabled and served on the board of the Omaha Public Library, the Public School Lunch and Milk Fund, and the Omaha Chamber of Commerce. Schulte was chairman of the Nebraska Review, and was president of the Nebraska Writer's Guild, Omaha Art Institute, and the University Club. He was a member of the Century Club of New York and the Omaha Athletic Club.
In 1932, he died in his home in Omaha of a heart attack at the age of 55. His funeral services were held at Trinity Cathedral in Omaha. On the day of his funeral, Creighton University closed and flew its flags at half-mast. In addition, the entrance to the Creighton University School of Medicine was draped in black. Except for its emergency section, all departments of St. Joseph's Hospital also closed in his honor.
He was buried in Prospect Hill Cemetery in Omaha. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hermann von Wechlinger Schulte (August 9, 1876– July 13, 1932) was an American anatomist, professor, and dean of Creighton University School of Medicine.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Schulte was born in 1876 in Utica, New York. His parents were Julia Low and Bernard Schulte. His father immigrated to America from Germany and was an Episcopal minister. His mother was the daughter of landscape painter Edward Delavan Nelson.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Schulte attended St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire from 1888 to 1893. He attended Trinity College, graduating as the class valedictorian with an A.B. in 1897. While at Trinity, he was the literary editor of The Trinity Tablet and was member of Delta Psi (aka St. Anthony Hall) and the honor societies Alpha Omega Alpha, Phi Beta Kappa, and Sigma Xi.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He attended the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating with a doctor of medicine in 1902. He interned at the Presybterian Hospital in New York City from 1902 to 1904. He also studied at the University of Berlin in the summer of 1904.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Schulte taught anatomy and conducted research under George Sumner Huntington at Columbia from 1904 to 1917. In 1917, he became a professor of anatomy at Creighton University School of Medicine. In 1918, he became chief of the staff at St. Joseph's Hospital in Omaha. He became dean of the Creighton University School of Medicine in 1919.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Schulte published articles on the anatomy of whales and was known as a leader in the field of anatomical research. In 1922, he became a lieutenant colonel in the Medical Reserve Corps and commanded General Hospital Number 55.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "He was a charter member of the American Society of Mammalogists and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also a member of the American Musem of Natural History and a fellow the New York Zoological Society. He was vice president of the New York Academy of Sciences and president of the Council of Social Agencies, the Council of Social Work, the Nebraska Academy of Science, the Nebraska Conference for Social Work, and the Omaha chapter of the American Interprofessional Institute.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Schulte was a member of the American Medical Association, the Association for the Study of Internal Secretions, the Catholic Hospital Association, the Harvey Society, the National Tuberculosis Association, the Nebraska State Medical Society, the Omaha-Douglas County Medical Society, the Society for the Study of Internal Secretions, and the United States Public Health Association. He also served on the Omaha mayor's Committee on Communicable Diseases.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Schulte was a member of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. He was a trustee for the Society for the Relief of The Disabled and served on the board of the Omaha Public Library, the Public School Lunch and Milk Fund, and the Omaha Chamber of Commerce. Schulte was chairman of the Nebraska Review, and was president of the Nebraska Writer's Guild, Omaha Art Institute, and the University Club. He was a member of the Century Club of New York and the Omaha Athletic Club.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In 1932, he died in his home in Omaha of a heart attack at the age of 55. His funeral services were held at Trinity Cathedral in Omaha. On the day of his funeral, Creighton University closed and flew its flags at half-mast. In addition, the entrance to the Creighton University School of Medicine was draped in black. Except for its emergency section, all departments of St. Joseph's Hospital also closed in his honor.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "He was buried in Prospect Hill Cemetery in Omaha.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Hermann von Wechlinger Schulte was an American anatomist, professor, and dean of Creighton University School of Medicine. | 2023-12-13T02:48:57Z | 2023-12-15T21:47:28Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_von_Wechlinger_Schulte |
75,550,154 | Maite Zubieta | Maite Zubieta Aranbarri (born 28 May 2004) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder or central defender for Athletic Club.
Zubieta joined Athletic Club's academy aged 14. After progressing through the ranks (one season in the 'cadet' youth team, half a season with the newly-formed C-team before being assigned to the B-team, two further seasons there), she made her professional debut as a late substitute in a Liga F fixture against Madrid CFF in December 2022, aged 18, and her first start six weeks later in a defeat away to Alhama CF. On the back of her performances she was officially promoted from the reserves to the senior squad in May 2023, and signed a contract extension running to 2025. During her debut campaign she was mostly used in her preferred role of central midfield, but at the beginning of the 2023–24 Liga F season she became a regular starter as a central defender, with Athletic enduring an ongoing injury crisis in that position.
Having had minimal opportunities to play for younger age groups due to restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, Zubieta made her debut for Spain at under-19 level in October 2021 against Portugal. She became a regular in the team and was a member of the squads which won the 2022 Euros in the Czech Republic followed by the 2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Costa Rica (alongside clubmates Ane Elexpuru and Clara Pinedo). She was still young enough to take part in the 2023 U-19 Euros in Belgium and again returned home with a gold medal, this time accompanied by fellow Athletic players Jone Amezaga and Sara Ortega.
She has also been selected for the unofficial Basque Country women's national football team which plays only occasionally, making her first appearance in December 2022 against Chile. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Maite Zubieta Aranbarri (born 28 May 2004) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder or central defender for Athletic Club.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zubieta joined Athletic Club's academy aged 14. After progressing through the ranks (one season in the 'cadet' youth team, half a season with the newly-formed C-team before being assigned to the B-team, two further seasons there), she made her professional debut as a late substitute in a Liga F fixture against Madrid CFF in December 2022, aged 18, and her first start six weeks later in a defeat away to Alhama CF. On the back of her performances she was officially promoted from the reserves to the senior squad in May 2023, and signed a contract extension running to 2025. During her debut campaign she was mostly used in her preferred role of central midfield, but at the beginning of the 2023–24 Liga F season she became a regular starter as a central defender, with Athletic enduring an ongoing injury crisis in that position.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Having had minimal opportunities to play for younger age groups due to restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, Zubieta made her debut for Spain at under-19 level in October 2021 against Portugal. She became a regular in the team and was a member of the squads which won the 2022 Euros in the Czech Republic followed by the 2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Costa Rica (alongside clubmates Ane Elexpuru and Clara Pinedo). She was still young enough to take part in the 2023 U-19 Euros in Belgium and again returned home with a gold medal, this time accompanied by fellow Athletic players Jone Amezaga and Sara Ortega.",
"title": "International career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She has also been selected for the unofficial Basque Country women's national football team which plays only occasionally, making her first appearance in December 2022 against Chile.",
"title": "International career"
}
] | Maite Zubieta Aranbarri is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder or central defender for Athletic Club. | 2023-12-13T02:49:33Z | 2023-12-27T02:28:56Z | [
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75,550,160 | Pañcabodha | Pañcabodha is the title of several different Sanskrit treatises on astronomy and mathematics composed by members of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. All these works are karaṅa texts, that is, books which explain the various computations in astronomy especially with regard to those related to the preparation of Panchangam-s (calendar). They are essentially manuals of computations. The authorship of only three Pañcabodha-s have been identified.
The Pañcabodha-s generally contain five sections dealing with five topics. But this is not a strict rule. There are Pañcabodha-s which treat less than five topics and which treat more than five topics. The topics treated are not always the same. However many of them treat the five advanced topics in traditional Indian astronomy, namely, Vyātīpāta (computation of the instants at which the sum of the (true) longitudes of the Sun and the Moon amounts to half a circle), Grahaṇa (computation of eclipses), Chāyā (shadow computations), Śṛṅgonnati (the computation of the elevation of the lunar horn, or the angle between the line of cusps and the horizontal plane) and Mauḍhya (computation of the instants when a planet becomes invisible due to its direction/longitude being close to that of the Sun).
The various Pañcabodha-s are listed below. Following K. V. Sarma, the various texts are identified by assigning them numbers written in Roman numerals. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pañcabodha is the title of several different Sanskrit treatises on astronomy and mathematics composed by members of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. All these works are karaṅa texts, that is, books which explain the various computations in astronomy especially with regard to those related to the preparation of Panchangam-s (calendar). They are essentially manuals of computations. The authorship of only three Pañcabodha-s have been identified.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Pañcabodha-s generally contain five sections dealing with five topics. But this is not a strict rule. There are Pañcabodha-s which treat less than five topics and which treat more than five topics. The topics treated are not always the same. However many of them treat the five advanced topics in traditional Indian astronomy, namely, Vyātīpāta (computation of the instants at which the sum of the (true) longitudes of the Sun and the Moon amounts to half a circle), Grahaṇa (computation of eclipses), Chāyā (shadow computations), Śṛṅgonnati (the computation of the elevation of the lunar horn, or the angle between the line of cusps and the horizontal plane) and Mauḍhya (computation of the instants when a planet becomes invisible due to its direction/longitude being close to that of the Sun).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The various Pañcabodha-s are listed below. Following K. V. Sarma, the various texts are identified by assigning them numbers written in Roman numerals.",
"title": "The works titled Pañcabodha and their commentaries"
}
] | Pañcabodha is the title of several different Sanskrit treatises on astronomy and mathematics composed by members of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. All these works are karaṅa texts, that is, books which explain the various computations in astronomy especially with regard to those related to the preparation of Panchangam-s (calendar). They are essentially manuals of computations. The authorship of only three Pañcabodha-s have been identified. The Pañcabodha-s generally contain five sections dealing with five topics. But this is not a strict rule. There are Pañcabodha-s which treat less than five topics and which treat more than five topics. The topics treated are not always the same. However many of them treat the five advanced topics in traditional Indian astronomy, namely, Vyātīpāta, Grahaṇa, Chāyā, Śṛṅgonnati and Mauḍhya. | 2023-12-13T02:52:05Z | 2023-12-24T13:22:47Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%B1cabodha |
75,550,166 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 100 metres T54 | The men's T54 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:
The results were as follows:Wind: +1.6 m/s | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's T54 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:",
"title": "Records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All times shown are in seconds.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The results were as follows:Wind: +1.6 m/s",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's T54 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T02:53:12Z | 2023-12-22T18:18:10Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_100_metres_T54 |
75,550,171 | Theerapat Laohabut | Theerapat Laohabut (Thai: ธีรภัทร เลาหบุตร, 23 February 1999) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Thai League 1 club Muangthong United. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Theerapat Laohabut (Thai: ธีรภัทร เลาหบุตร, 23 February 1999) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Thai League 1 club Muangthong United.",
"title": ""
}
] | Theerapat Laohabut is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Thai League 1 club Muangthong United. | 2023-12-13T02:53:36Z | 2023-12-24T00:34:31Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theerapat_Laohabut |
75,550,190 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 100 metres T64 | The men's T64 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The results were as follows:Wind: +2.4 m/s | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's T64 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:",
"title": "Records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All times shown are in seconds.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The results were as follows:Wind: +2.4 m/s",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's T64 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T02:58:36Z | 2023-12-22T18:18:20Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_100_metres_T64 |
75,550,196 | St. Mary's Cathedral, Madurai | St. Mary's Cathedral or Church of Our Lady of Dolours is a Roman Catholic church situated in Madurai, Tamil Nadu in India.
It is located with the geographic coordinates of (9°54′48.3″N 78°07′32.7″E / 9.913417°N 78.125750°E / 9.913417; 78.125750) at an altitude of about 157.1 metres (515 ft), on East (Keela) Veli street, in Madurai city.
The church was founded in the year 1840 by Fr. Bertrend SJ and was built in the year 1841 by Fr. Garnier. This church is one of the popular churches in Tamil Nadu.
This church is constructed with a mixture of European, Roman and Continental architectural designs. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "St. Mary's Cathedral or Church of Our Lady of Dolours is a Roman Catholic church situated in Madurai, Tamil Nadu in India.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It is located with the geographic coordinates of (9°54′48.3″N 78°07′32.7″E / 9.913417°N 78.125750°E / 9.913417; 78.125750) at an altitude of about 157.1 metres (515 ft), on East (Keela) Veli street, in Madurai city.",
"title": "Location"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The church was founded in the year 1840 by Fr. Bertrend SJ and was built in the year 1841 by Fr. Garnier. This church is one of the popular churches in Tamil Nadu.",
"title": "Details"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "This church is constructed with a mixture of European, Roman and Continental architectural designs.",
"title": "Details"
}
] | St. Mary's Cathedral or Church of Our Lady of Dolours is a Roman Catholic church situated in Madurai, Tamil Nadu in India. | 2023-12-13T02:59:49Z | 2023-12-13T11:09:27Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Madurai |
75,550,204 | Karl Karsten | Karl Karsten may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Karl Karsten may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Karl Karsten may refer to: Karl G. Karsten (1891–1968), American economist, statistician, businessman, inventor and author
Karl Johann Bernhard Karsten (1782–1853), German mineralogist | 2023-12-13T03:01:17Z | 2023-12-13T03:01:17Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Karsten |
75,550,205 | Michael Vickery (military officer) | Michael Jon Howorth Vickery OBE (15 June 1947 – 13 December 2022) was a British military officer and veteran of the Gulf War.
Vickery was born on June 15, 1947, in Yorkshire. The son of Wing Commander Lionel Vickery and Audrey (née Howorth), he was the middle child in a military family. Educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College, Vickery taught at Summer Fields School for a year before entering Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1966. He joined the 14th/20th King’s Hussars in 1968.
Vickery's military career included notable expertise in armoured warfare and equestrian skills. He completed rigorous training at both the Royal Armoured Corps Centre in Bovington and the French cavalry school in Saumur. His proficiency in armoured tactics and his ability to speak French were recognized as assets.
During the Gulf War, Vickery, then a Lieutenant Colonel, commanded the 14th/20th King's Hussars in Operation Desert Storm. His role involved overcoming logistical and operational challenges, including rebuilding his tank fleet after initial resource limitations. His leadership during the conflict contributed to the operational readiness and effectiveness of his regiment.
Known for his calm demeanor and approachability, Vickery earned respect from his subordinates. He demonstrated the ability to navigate political interactions and media relations during the war, including engagements with political figures such as Prime Minister John Major.
After the Gulf War, Vickery was awarded an OBE (Military). He continued his career in the Ministry of Defence's operational requirements branch and later worked in the private sector with Computing Devices of Canada and General Dynamics (UK). He also served as secretary of Lady Grover's Fund, a military charity.
Colonel Vickery died on December 13, 2022, at the age of 75 following a stroke.
Vickery's personal life included two marriages, the first to Anne Holbrook, which ended in divorce, followed by a marriage to Suzie Crean. He had three children: Jonathan, Tom, and Katie. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Michael Jon Howorth Vickery OBE (15 June 1947 – 13 December 2022) was a British military officer and veteran of the Gulf War.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Vickery was born on June 15, 1947, in Yorkshire. The son of Wing Commander Lionel Vickery and Audrey (née Howorth), he was the middle child in a military family. Educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College, Vickery taught at Summer Fields School for a year before entering Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1966. He joined the 14th/20th King’s Hussars in 1968.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Vickery's military career included notable expertise in armoured warfare and equestrian skills. He completed rigorous training at both the Royal Armoured Corps Centre in Bovington and the French cavalry school in Saumur. His proficiency in armoured tactics and his ability to speak French were recognized as assets.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During the Gulf War, Vickery, then a Lieutenant Colonel, commanded the 14th/20th King's Hussars in Operation Desert Storm. His role involved overcoming logistical and operational challenges, including rebuilding his tank fleet after initial resource limitations. His leadership during the conflict contributed to the operational readiness and effectiveness of his regiment.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Known for his calm demeanor and approachability, Vickery earned respect from his subordinates. He demonstrated the ability to navigate political interactions and media relations during the war, including engagements with political figures such as Prime Minister John Major.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "After the Gulf War, Vickery was awarded an OBE (Military). He continued his career in the Ministry of Defence's operational requirements branch and later worked in the private sector with Computing Devices of Canada and General Dynamics (UK). He also served as secretary of Lady Grover's Fund, a military charity.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Colonel Vickery died on December 13, 2022, at the age of 75 following a stroke.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Vickery's personal life included two marriages, the first to Anne Holbrook, which ended in divorce, followed by a marriage to Suzie Crean. He had three children: Jonathan, Tom, and Katie.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Michael Jon Howorth Vickery OBE was a British military officer and veteran of the Gulf War. | 2023-12-13T03:01:22Z | 2023-12-17T00:52:04Z | [
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75,550,210 | Oscar Cadena | Oscar Cadena (November 10, 1945, Mexico City – October 28, 2021) was a Mexican journalist, television host, and environmentalist known in Mexico for his TV shows Camara Infraganti and Encadenate.
In the 1980s, Oscar Cadena created and hosted his show, Camara Infraganti.
Due to a heart attack he suffered in 2001, he decided to end his contract with Televise and chose instead to become a local reporter in Cancún, Mexico.
Cadena died on October 28, 2021, after suffering a heart attack. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Oscar Cadena (November 10, 1945, Mexico City – October 28, 2021) was a Mexican journalist, television host, and environmentalist known in Mexico for his TV shows Camara Infraganti and Encadenate.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In the 1980s, Oscar Cadena created and hosted his show, Camara Infraganti.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Due to a heart attack he suffered in 2001, he decided to end his contract with Televise and chose instead to become a local reporter in Cancún, Mexico.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Cadena died on October 28, 2021, after suffering a heart attack.",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Oscar Cadena was a Mexican journalist, television host, and environmentalist known in Mexico for his TV shows Camara Infraganti and Encadenate. | 2023-12-13T03:02:16Z | 2023-12-31T22:19:18Z | [
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75,550,215 | Tu Chen | Tu Chen 陳都博士 (born 19 March 1935) is a Taiwanese-American scientist and entrepreneur who played a central role in the development of thin-film media for computer hard disk drives. In 1993, he co-founded Komag which was subsequently purchased by Western Digital in 2007. Since his retirement in 1999, Chen has devoted himself to technological advancement in Taiwan.
Chen grew up in Yilan County, Taiwan before attending the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, from which he earned a B.S degree in Metallurgical Engineering. He served in the ROTC (Taiwan) and then as a high school math and physics teacher before moving to the United States in 1961. He received his M.S. in 1964 and his Ph.D in 1967, both from the University of Minnesota and both in Metallurgical Engineering.
In 1967, Chen joined IBM in New York, but, a year later, relocated to California to accept a Senior Scientist position at Northrop Corp.. In 1971, he was recruited by Xerox for their Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). His various projects included thin film physics for data storage applications.
In 1993, he left PARC to co-found Komag, a company dedicated to the development and manufacturing of thin-film media for hard disk drives. The change from "brown disks" (iron-oxide particulate media) to thin-film metallic media represented a major advance in HDD technologyThe company was purchased in 2007 by Western Digital
In 1996, Chen co-founded Headway Technologies, a company dedicated to the development and manufacturing of thin-film read/write heads for hard disk drives and served as Vice Chairman.
Since his retirement, Chen has devoted himself to technological advancement in Taiwan. He has served on the Board of Directors of the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Taiwan.
In 1988, Chen received the Entrepreneur of the Year Award from Venture Magazine and Arthur Young.
In 2001, he received the IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award for “leadership in the advancement of thin-film materials, tools, and processes used for magnetic information disks, and their commercialization as products”.
Chen was elevated to Life Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for "contributions to the development of thin-film materials, tools, and processes used for magnetic and optical information storage disks".
In 2005, Chen was interviewed by Chris Bajorek to create an oral history for the Computer History Museum, Mountain View.
In 2015, Chen received the Outstanding Achievement Award from the University of Minnesota, College of Science and Engineering. | [
{
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"text": "Tu Chen 陳都博士 (born 19 March 1935) is a Taiwanese-American scientist and entrepreneur who played a central role in the development of thin-film media for computer hard disk drives. In 1993, he co-founded Komag which was subsequently purchased by Western Digital in 2007. Since his retirement in 1999, Chen has devoted himself to technological advancement in Taiwan.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Chen grew up in Yilan County, Taiwan before attending the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, from which he earned a B.S degree in Metallurgical Engineering. He served in the ROTC (Taiwan) and then as a high school math and physics teacher before moving to the United States in 1961. He received his M.S. in 1964 and his Ph.D in 1967, both from the University of Minnesota and both in Metallurgical Engineering.",
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},
{
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"text": "In 1967, Chen joined IBM in New York, but, a year later, relocated to California to accept a Senior Scientist position at Northrop Corp.. In 1971, he was recruited by Xerox for their Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). His various projects included thin film physics for data storage applications.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "In 1993, he left PARC to co-found Komag, a company dedicated to the development and manufacturing of thin-film media for hard disk drives. The change from \"brown disks\" (iron-oxide particulate media) to thin-film metallic media represented a major advance in HDD technologyThe company was purchased in 2007 by Western Digital",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1996, Chen co-founded Headway Technologies, a company dedicated to the development and manufacturing of thin-film read/write heads for hard disk drives and served as Vice Chairman.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Since his retirement, Chen has devoted himself to technological advancement in Taiwan. He has served on the Board of Directors of the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Taiwan.",
"title": "Career"
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"text": "In 1988, Chen received the Entrepreneur of the Year Award from Venture Magazine and Arthur Young.",
"title": "Awards and honors"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 2001, he received the IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award for “leadership in the advancement of thin-film materials, tools, and processes used for magnetic information disks, and their commercialization as products”.",
"title": "Awards and honors"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Chen was elevated to Life Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for \"contributions to the development of thin-film materials, tools, and processes used for magnetic and optical information storage disks\".",
"title": "Awards and honors"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In 2005, Chen was interviewed by Chris Bajorek to create an oral history for the Computer History Museum, Mountain View.",
"title": "Awards and honors"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 2015, Chen received the Outstanding Achievement Award from the University of Minnesota, College of Science and Engineering.",
"title": "Awards and honors"
}
] | Tu Chen 陳都博士 is a Taiwanese-American scientist and entrepreneur who played a central role in the development of thin-film media for computer hard disk drives. In 1993, he co-founded Komag which was subsequently purchased by Western Digital in 2007. Since his retirement in 1999, Chen has devoted himself to technological advancement in Taiwan. | 2023-12-13T03:04:06Z | 2023-12-30T01:44:24Z | [
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75,550,221 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 200 metres T35 | The men's T35 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:
The results were as follows: | [
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"text": "The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
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] | The men's T35 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T03:07:10Z | 2023-12-13T17:51:24Z | [
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75,550,222 | María Alejandra Bruzual | María Alejandra Bruzual (c. 1980 – 14 October 2023) was a Venezuelan jockey.
María Alejandra was licensed in administration by profession. She obtained her first victory in April 2007 at the La Rinconada racetrack with the thoroughbred The Congo, date from which she remained active in the sport. At the Monterrico racetrack in Peru, she participated in the International Jockeys Championship, where she won one of the competitions. On 26 June 2022, she won her last victory at the Rinconada racetrack, on Queen Clementina, and in 2023 she won three times at the Valencia racetrack.
María Alejandra died on 14 October 2023, at the Valencia racetrack, when she fell from her Sun Cab during the fourth race of the day. She received first aid from the racetrack's medical service and was taken to a clinic in Valencia, but arrived at the medical center without vital signs.
Another jockey, Luis Francisco Martín, was Bruzual's sentimental partner. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "María Alejandra Bruzual (c. 1980 – 14 October 2023) was a Venezuelan jockey.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "María Alejandra was licensed in administration by profession. She obtained her first victory in April 2007 at the La Rinconada racetrack with the thoroughbred The Congo, date from which she remained active in the sport. At the Monterrico racetrack in Peru, she participated in the International Jockeys Championship, where she won one of the competitions. On 26 June 2022, she won her last victory at the Rinconada racetrack, on Queen Clementina, and in 2023 she won three times at the Valencia racetrack.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "María Alejandra died on 14 October 2023, at the Valencia racetrack, when she fell from her Sun Cab during the fourth race of the day. She received first aid from the racetrack's medical service and was taken to a clinic in Valencia, but arrived at the medical center without vital signs.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Another jockey, Luis Francisco Martín, was Bruzual's sentimental partner.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | María Alejandra Bruzual was a Venezuelan jockey. | 2023-12-13T03:07:35Z | 2023-12-26T12:37:20Z | [
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75,550,233 | Dusty Deevers | Dusty Deevers is an American politician and pastor who is a member-elect of the Oklahoma Senate, after winning a special election in 2023. He is a member of the Republican Party.
Dusty Deevers was born and raised in Elgin, Oklahoma. He graduated from Oklahoma City University in 2001 and the Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in 2008.
He previously ran the Elgin pharmacy. Since 2016, he has served as the pastor for the Community Church of Elgin. He is also the CEO of Deevers Properties. In 2020, his home caught fire while he was out of town, destroying most of his possessions. In 2021, Oklahoma Watch reported on Deevers's anti-vaccine rhetoric, including comparing vaccine mandates to the Nuremberg laws.
In June 2023, Deevers campaigned to be the vice-president of the Southern Baptist Convention and received 20% of the vote, losing to Jay Adkins. Deevers criticized SBC President Bart Barber's hiring of Brent Leatherwood from the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission as the SBC chief ethicist. Barber received criticism for donating to Deevers's opponent, Jean Hausheer, during his 2023 primary election.
Deevers filed for the special election to fill John Montgomery's seat in the Oklahoma Senate after Montgomery resigned to serve as the president of the Lawton Chamber of Commerce. He faced Jennifer Ellis, JJ Francais, and Jean Hausheer in the Republican primary. During the primary, Deevers was targeted by negative ads from a "dark money" political action committee. He won the primary with 37% of the vote. He won the general election on December 12, 2023, defeating the Democratic nominee former University of Oklahoma football player Larry Bush. The Oklahoman described his campaign as focusing on culture war issues.
Deevers self-identifies as a "abortion abolitionist," meaning he does not support abortion under any circumstance, and a "constitutional conservative." Baptist News Global has described him as an "ultra-conservative Baptist pastor". He also advocates banning pornography and ending no-fault divorce. | [
{
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"text": "Dusty Deevers is an American politician and pastor who is a member-elect of the Oklahoma Senate, after winning a special election in 2023. He is a member of the Republican Party.",
"title": ""
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"text": "Dusty Deevers was born and raised in Elgin, Oklahoma. He graduated from Oklahoma City University in 2001 and the Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in 2008.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He previously ran the Elgin pharmacy. Since 2016, he has served as the pastor for the Community Church of Elgin. He is also the CEO of Deevers Properties. In 2020, his home caught fire while he was out of town, destroying most of his possessions. In 2021, Oklahoma Watch reported on Deevers's anti-vaccine rhetoric, including comparing vaccine mandates to the Nuremberg laws.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In June 2023, Deevers campaigned to be the vice-president of the Southern Baptist Convention and received 20% of the vote, losing to Jay Adkins. Deevers criticized SBC President Bart Barber's hiring of Brent Leatherwood from the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission as the SBC chief ethicist. Barber received criticism for donating to Deevers's opponent, Jean Hausheer, during his 2023 primary election.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Deevers filed for the special election to fill John Montgomery's seat in the Oklahoma Senate after Montgomery resigned to serve as the president of the Lawton Chamber of Commerce. He faced Jennifer Ellis, JJ Francais, and Jean Hausheer in the Republican primary. During the primary, Deevers was targeted by negative ads from a \"dark money\" political action committee. He won the primary with 37% of the vote. He won the general election on December 12, 2023, defeating the Democratic nominee former University of Oklahoma football player Larry Bush. The Oklahoman described his campaign as focusing on culture war issues.",
"title": "Oklahoma Senate"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Deevers self-identifies as a \"abortion abolitionist,\" meaning he does not support abortion under any circumstance, and a \"constitutional conservative.\" Baptist News Global has described him as an \"ultra-conservative Baptist pastor\". He also advocates banning pornography and ending no-fault divorce.",
"title": "Political positions"
}
] | Dusty Deevers is an American politician and pastor who is a member-elect of the Oklahoma Senate, after winning a special election in 2023. He is a member of the Republican Party. | 2023-12-13T03:09:06Z | 2023-12-26T17:53:17Z | [
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75,550,243 | Nøtterøy Church | Nøtterøy Church (Norwegian: Nøtterøy kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Færder Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Borgheim. It is one of the churches for the Nøtterøy parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The white, stone church was originally built with a long church design around the year 1100 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 500 people.
The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1327, but the church was not built that year. The church was likely built in the early 12th century. Originally, it was a simple long church with a choir with a curved apse end. When it was first built, it measured about 33 by 11.5 metres (108 ft × 38 ft). The church was originally dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The church walls were built with brick and rubble technique. The Count of Jarlsberg owned the church from 1673 to 1770 when he sold it to some local farmers.
In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.
In 1837, the municipality took over the ownership of the church and immediately began discussing enlarging the church. In 1839, the church was given cross arms to give it a cruciform floor plan. The nave and tower were also repaired at this time. Then in 1862, the wooden part of the tower was removed, and the tower was rebuilt and made approximately 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in) taller. In 1883, the church was extended eastwards by builder F. Meyer according to plans by Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. It now appears as a cruciform church with a west tower. To the east there is a chancel surrounded by vestries, and there are stairwells to the north and south at the corners of the transepts (to the second-floor seating galleries). After the 1883 renovation, the church measured about 46 by 23 metres (151 ft × 75 ft). | [
{
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"text": "Nøtterøy Church (Norwegian: Nøtterøy kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Færder Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Borgheim. It is one of the churches for the Nøtterøy parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The white, stone church was originally built with a long church design around the year 1100 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 500 people.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1327, but the church was not built that year. The church was likely built in the early 12th century. Originally, it was a simple long church with a choir with a curved apse end. When it was first built, it measured about 33 by 11.5 metres (108 ft × 38 ft). The church was originally dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The church walls were built with brick and rubble technique. The Count of Jarlsberg owned the church from 1673 to 1770 when he sold it to some local farmers.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called \"electors\" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1837, the municipality took over the ownership of the church and immediately began discussing enlarging the church. In 1839, the church was given cross arms to give it a cruciform floor plan. The nave and tower were also repaired at this time. Then in 1862, the wooden part of the tower was removed, and the tower was rebuilt and made approximately 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in) taller. In 1883, the church was extended eastwards by builder F. Meyer according to plans by Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. It now appears as a cruciform church with a west tower. To the east there is a chancel surrounded by vestries, and there are stairwells to the north and south at the corners of the transepts (to the second-floor seating galleries). After the 1883 renovation, the church measured about 46 by 23 metres (151 ft × 75 ft).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Nøtterøy Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Færder Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Borgheim. It is one of the churches for the Nøtterøy parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The white, stone church was originally built with a long church design around the year 1100 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 500 people. | 2023-12-13T03:12:16Z | 2023-12-13T03:12:16Z | [
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75,550,252 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 200 metres T37 | The men's T37 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The results were as follows:Wind: +1.9 m/s | [
{
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},
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"title": "Results"
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] | The men's T37 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T03:13:49Z | 2023-12-29T23:02:12Z | [
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75,550,272 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 200 metres T64 | The men's T64 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The results were as follows:Wind: +2.6 m/s | [
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] | The men's T64 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 24 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T03:19:25Z | 2023-12-22T18:18:40Z | [
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75,550,280 | Iron Range cuisine | Iron Range cuisine refers to the cooking traditions and dishes of the Arrowhead region and Iron Range of Minnesota. Iron Range cuisine is based on Italian, Cornish, Scandinavian, and Slovenian cuisine. It was heavily influenced by Native American cuisine, seen in the use of wild rice. Many of the dishes were brought by immigrants. Other dishes were invented by the iron mine workers because they needed nourishing foods that they could bring on the go.
More recent immigration trends have introduced Vietnamese, Hmong, Lao, and Thai culinary influences.
In northern Minnesota, along the North Shore of Lake Superior, commercial fishing has been practiced for generations. Settlers were used to the cold, rugged work as many of these immigrants came directly from the coastal fishing villages of Norway. Ciscoes (also known as lake herring), lake trout, lake whitefish, and rainbow smelt are still commercially fished today. Smoked or sugar-cured trout is prepared from local fish in areas along the North Shore like Duluth. Barbecue in Duluth typically consists of smoked lake fish, such as salmon.
Wild rice is eaten plain or as a side with other dishes.
Lift bridge, a craft root beer company, started in Duluth, Minnesota. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Iron Range cuisine refers to the cooking traditions and dishes of the Arrowhead region and Iron Range of Minnesota. Iron Range cuisine is based on Italian, Cornish, Scandinavian, and Slovenian cuisine. It was heavily influenced by Native American cuisine, seen in the use of wild rice. Many of the dishes were brought by immigrants. Other dishes were invented by the iron mine workers because they needed nourishing foods that they could bring on the go.",
"title": ""
},
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},
{
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"text": "In northern Minnesota, along the North Shore of Lake Superior, commercial fishing has been practiced for generations. Settlers were used to the cold, rugged work as many of these immigrants came directly from the coastal fishing villages of Norway. Ciscoes (also known as lake herring), lake trout, lake whitefish, and rainbow smelt are still commercially fished today. Smoked or sugar-cured trout is prepared from local fish in areas along the North Shore like Duluth. Barbecue in Duluth typically consists of smoked lake fish, such as salmon.",
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"text": "Wild rice is eaten plain or as a side with other dishes.",
"title": "Ingredients"
},
{
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"text": "Lift bridge, a craft root beer company, started in Duluth, Minnesota.",
"title": "Other"
}
] | Iron Range cuisine refers to the cooking traditions and dishes of the Arrowhead region and Iron Range of Minnesota. Iron Range cuisine is based on Italian, Cornish, Scandinavian, and Slovenian cuisine. It was heavily influenced by Native American cuisine, seen in the use of wild rice. Many of the dishes were brought by immigrants. Other dishes were invented by the iron mine workers because they needed nourishing foods that they could bring on the go. More recent immigration trends have introduced Vietnamese, Hmong, Lao, and Thai culinary influences. | 2023-12-13T03:21:51Z | 2023-12-24T02:30:57Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Range_cuisine |
75,550,329 | 2024 Lexington SC season | The 2024 Lexington SC season is the club's second season since their establishment on October 5, 2021. The club will be competing in their second season in USL League One and will be part of the inaugural USL1 in-season tournament. They will also be making their second ever appearance in the U.S. Open Cup.
Last updated: December 24, 2023. Source: Lexington SC
Note - Kaelon Fox and Ates Diouf were signed on multi-year deals. Players are in the order of how the club announced their return on their social media platforms, starting on December 4th.
Source: Match reports
Matches - Full Schedule has not been released yet
The United States Soccer Federation has released the tentative schedule for the 2024 U.S. Open Cup, but it is currently not known when leagues will be entering. Last season Lexington entered the second round, which is scheduled for April 2 or 3, 2024. In 2023, Lexington lost their inaugural US Open Cup match to second division side Louisville City FC, who compete in the USL Championship. The two sides are currently the only professional men's teams in Kentucky. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 Lexington SC season is the club's second season since their establishment on October 5, 2021. The club will be competing in their second season in USL League One and will be part of the inaugural USL1 in-season tournament. They will also be making their second ever appearance in the U.S. Open Cup.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Last updated: December 24, 2023. Source: Lexington SC",
"title": "Season squad"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Note - Kaelon Fox and Ates Diouf were signed on multi-year deals. Players are in the order of how the club announced their return on their social media platforms, starting on December 4th.",
"title": "Transfers"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Source: Match reports",
"title": "Competitions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Matches - Full Schedule has not been released yet",
"title": "Competitions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The United States Soccer Federation has released the tentative schedule for the 2024 U.S. Open Cup, but it is currently not known when leagues will be entering. Last season Lexington entered the second round, which is scheduled for April 2 or 3, 2024. In 2023, Lexington lost their inaugural US Open Cup match to second division side Louisville City FC, who compete in the USL Championship. The two sides are currently the only professional men's teams in Kentucky.",
"title": "Competitions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | The 2024 Lexington SC season is the club's second season since their establishment on October 5, 2021. The club will be competing in their second season in USL League One and will be part of the inaugural USL1 in-season tournament. They will also be making their second ever appearance in the U.S. Open Cup. | 2023-12-13T03:31:26Z | 2023-12-28T22:43:58Z | [
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75,550,346 | Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 400 metres T11 | The men's T11 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 22 - 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
All times shown are in seconds.
The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:
The results were as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's T11 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 22 - 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:",
"title": "Records"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All times shown are in seconds.",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The fastest two athletes of each semifinal advance to the final. The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's T11 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 22 - 23 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T03:35:00Z | 2023-12-17T00:46:55Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_400_metres_T11 |
75,550,369 | Red Ink (1960 film) | Red Ink (Hungarian: Vörös tinta) is a 1960 Hungarian romantic drama film directed by Viktor Gertler and starring Éva Vass, György Pálos and Nóra Tábori. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director József Romvári. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Red Ink (Hungarian: Vörös tinta) is a 1960 Hungarian romantic drama film directed by Viktor Gertler and starring Éva Vass, György Pálos and Nóra Tábori. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director József Romvári.",
"title": ""
}
] | Red Ink is a 1960 Hungarian romantic drama film directed by Viktor Gertler and starring Éva Vass, György Pálos and Nóra Tábori. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director József Romvári. | 2023-12-13T03:41:34Z | 2023-12-29T03:12:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Ink_(1960_film) |
75,550,370 | Buloburde and Jalalaqsi bombings | On January 14, 2023, al-Shabaab attacked two African Union bases in the cities of Buloburde and Jalalaqsi, both in Hirshabelle State, Somalia. Thirty-five people were killed, and dozens more were injured.
The Somali government, in late 2022, launched a campaign against al-Shabaab in Hirshabelle State, capturing several towns and swaths of land from the group. Buloburde and Jalalaqsi, both major government-controlled cities in the region, have been hit in the past with attacks by al-Shabaab in retaliation to the offensive. On the day of the attack, a remote-controlled bomb injured six people in Mogadishu.
The target of the attack in Jalalaqsi was Nor Dheere, the Somali district commander for Hirshabelle region. Two cars filled with explosives were used by al-Shabaab during the attack, with one parked near a cafe Dheere was eating at and one on the road. When the first car near the cafe exploded, five people were initially killed in the attack, and four others were injured. The toll later rose to eight killed. The second car was stopped at a Somali military checkpoint, who shot at the vehicle as it tried to drive away. When the soldiers shot the driver, the second car exploded immediately, close to an African Union base. The second bombing initially killed one person, and six others were injured.
The attack in Buloburde targeted a local mosque and an administrative area, and began when an al-Shabab suicide bomber drove an SUV filled with explosives towards the area. The car was intercepted, and exploded near an African Union base in the town and the local police headquarters. Several civilians were killed inside the mosque as well. Eighteen people, including fourteen civilians, were killed in the attack. At least fifty others were injured in the attack.
Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for all three bombings by January 15. They also claimed responsibility for a second attack in the city of Halgan in Buloberde District on January 16, which killed the police chief and several others.
By January 17, thirty-five people were killed in the attacks. At least twelve people had been killed in the Jalalaqsi attacks, with eleven others injured, and at least eighteen killed in Buloburde, with twenty-four injured. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "On January 14, 2023, al-Shabaab attacked two African Union bases in the cities of Buloburde and Jalalaqsi, both in Hirshabelle State, Somalia. Thirty-five people were killed, and dozens more were injured.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Somali government, in late 2022, launched a campaign against al-Shabaab in Hirshabelle State, capturing several towns and swaths of land from the group. Buloburde and Jalalaqsi, both major government-controlled cities in the region, have been hit in the past with attacks by al-Shabaab in retaliation to the offensive. On the day of the attack, a remote-controlled bomb injured six people in Mogadishu.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The target of the attack in Jalalaqsi was Nor Dheere, the Somali district commander for Hirshabelle region. Two cars filled with explosives were used by al-Shabaab during the attack, with one parked near a cafe Dheere was eating at and one on the road. When the first car near the cafe exploded, five people were initially killed in the attack, and four others were injured. The toll later rose to eight killed. The second car was stopped at a Somali military checkpoint, who shot at the vehicle as it tried to drive away. When the soldiers shot the driver, the second car exploded immediately, close to an African Union base. The second bombing initially killed one person, and six others were injured.",
"title": "Attacks"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The attack in Buloburde targeted a local mosque and an administrative area, and began when an al-Shabab suicide bomber drove an SUV filled with explosives towards the area. The car was intercepted, and exploded near an African Union base in the town and the local police headquarters. Several civilians were killed inside the mosque as well. Eighteen people, including fourteen civilians, were killed in the attack. At least fifty others were injured in the attack.",
"title": "Attacks"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for all three bombings by January 15. They also claimed responsibility for a second attack in the city of Halgan in Buloberde District on January 16, which killed the police chief and several others.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "By January 17, thirty-five people were killed in the attacks. At least twelve people had been killed in the Jalalaqsi attacks, with eleven others injured, and at least eighteen killed in Buloburde, with twenty-four injured.",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | On January 14, 2023, al-Shabaab attacked two African Union bases in the cities of Buloburde and Jalalaqsi, both in Hirshabelle State, Somalia. Thirty-five people were killed, and dozens more were injured. | 2023-12-13T03:41:49Z | 2023-12-14T14:24:00Z | [
"Template:Infobox civilian attack",
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"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buloburde_and_Jalalaqsi_bombings |
75,550,413 | Heather Clark (writer) | Heather Clark is an American writer, literary critic and academic. Her biography of poet Sylvia Plath, Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath, was a finalist for the 2020 Pulitzer Prize. She is also the author of The Grief of Influence: Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes (2011) and The Ulster Renaissance: Poetry in Belfast 1962–1972 (2006).
Clark earned a BA from Harvard University and a PhD in English from University of Oxford.
Clark's first book, The Ulster Renaissance: Poetry in Belfast 1962–1972 was published by Oxford University Press in 2006. It is an exploration of the ten-year period of energetic poetic production in Belfast, Northern Ireland, driven by young poets such as Paul Muldoon, Seamus Heaney, Derek Mahon, Michael Longley, and James Simmons. The book won the Donald J. Murphy Prize for Best First Book and the Robert Rhodes Prize for Books on Literature from the American Conference for Irish Studies.
Her second book, The Grief of Influence, is an analytical study of the creative work, tumultuous marriage, and artistic rivalry of poets Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes, published by Oxford University Press in 2011. It was chosen as a Choice Outstanding Academic Title of 2011.
In 2020, Alfred A. Knopf published Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath. At over 1,000 pages, the biography includes previously unpublished manuscripts, letters, court, police, and psychiatric records, and new interviews. In a review in The New York Times, Daphne Merkin writes,
"This vast new biography sets out to recover Plath from her melodramatic legacy. Her life story—from her institutionalizations to her tempestuous marriage to Ted Hughes—has often been reduced to that of a depressive, literary femme fatale, which Clark believes ignores the poet's true genius".
In a review for the Los Angeles Times, Jessica Ferri called the book "a joyful affirmation for Plath fanatics and a legitimization of her legacy".
Clark's writing has also appeared in The New York Times, Harvard Review, TIME, The Times Literary Supplement, Literary Hub, and elsewhere. She lives in New York and Yorkshire, England and is Professor Emerita at University of Huddersfield. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Heather Clark is an American writer, literary critic and academic. Her biography of poet Sylvia Plath, Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath, was a finalist for the 2020 Pulitzer Prize. She is also the author of The Grief of Influence: Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes (2011) and The Ulster Renaissance: Poetry in Belfast 1962–1972 (2006).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Clark earned a BA from Harvard University and a PhD in English from University of Oxford.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Clark's first book, The Ulster Renaissance: Poetry in Belfast 1962–1972 was published by Oxford University Press in 2006. It is an exploration of the ten-year period of energetic poetic production in Belfast, Northern Ireland, driven by young poets such as Paul Muldoon, Seamus Heaney, Derek Mahon, Michael Longley, and James Simmons. The book won the Donald J. Murphy Prize for Best First Book and the Robert Rhodes Prize for Books on Literature from the American Conference for Irish Studies.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Her second book, The Grief of Influence, is an analytical study of the creative work, tumultuous marriage, and artistic rivalry of poets Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes, published by Oxford University Press in 2011. It was chosen as a Choice Outstanding Academic Title of 2011.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2020, Alfred A. Knopf published Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath. At over 1,000 pages, the biography includes previously unpublished manuscripts, letters, court, police, and psychiatric records, and new interviews. In a review in The New York Times, Daphne Merkin writes,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "\"This vast new biography sets out to recover Plath from her melodramatic legacy. Her life story—from her institutionalizations to her tempestuous marriage to Ted Hughes—has often been reduced to that of a depressive, literary femme fatale, which Clark believes ignores the poet's true genius\".",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In a review for the Los Angeles Times, Jessica Ferri called the book \"a joyful affirmation for Plath fanatics and a legitimization of her legacy\".",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Clark's writing has also appeared in The New York Times, Harvard Review, TIME, The Times Literary Supplement, Literary Hub, and elsewhere. She lives in New York and Yorkshire, England and is Professor Emerita at University of Huddersfield.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Heather Clark is an American writer, literary critic and academic. Her biography of poet Sylvia Plath, Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath, was a finalist for the 2020 Pulitzer Prize. She is also the author of The Grief of Influence: Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes (2011) and The Ulster Renaissance: Poetry in Belfast 1962–1972 (2006). | 2023-12-13T03:50:09Z | 2023-12-18T02:48:31Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heather_Clark_(writer) |
75,550,415 | Philippine Village Hotel | Philippine Village Hotel (colloquially PVH) is an abandoned hotel located within the Nayong Pilipino Complex, next door to Ninoy Aquino International Airport, in Pasay City, Metro Manila, Philippines. Designed by National Artist Juan Nakpil, it was hailed as the first airport hotel in the Philippines.
The hotel is owned by the Enriquez-Panlilio family, who are involved in the real estate and shipping industry, and are also the same owners of the Silahis International Hotel.
A construction boom of hotels initiated and streamlined by then-sitting president Ferdinand Marcos Sr. took place in the 1970s in anticipation for the then-upcoming hosting of the 1976 International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Summits in the Philippines. The Philippine Village Hotel was among those hotels and was built on a land owned by the Nayong Pilipino Foundation.
The hotel was built in 1974 by Philippine Village Hotel Inc (PVHI), leasing the Nayong Pilipino land for 21 years.
The hotel hosted foreign business travelers, leisure travelers, nightclub partygoers, and socialites. First Lady Imelda Marcos frequently hosted events in the hotel. The hotel also housed the country's first land-based casino after the shutdown of MS Philippine Tourist.
Delegates of Miss Universe 1974 were housed in the Philippine Village Hotel. One of the suites of the hotel was occupied by winner Amparo Muñoz, leading it to be named the "Miss Universe suite".
The hotel also operated as a terminal for another airline in the Philippines, Grand Air, from 1995 until 1999, when the airline ceased operations.
Philippine Village Hotel ceased operations in May 2001. A year later, the next-door Nayong Pilipino park was closed to make way for the expansion of the airport complex.
Due to non-payment of taxes, the government sequestered the property in 2023. The hotel was also deemed a threat to the airport's security as it was feared to be a potential base of operations for terrorism.
Between November and December 2023, the Philippine Government took full control of the hotel and plans to demolish it for the expansion of the airport. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Philippine Village Hotel (colloquially PVH) is an abandoned hotel located within the Nayong Pilipino Complex, next door to Ninoy Aquino International Airport, in Pasay City, Metro Manila, Philippines. Designed by National Artist Juan Nakpil, it was hailed as the first airport hotel in the Philippines.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The hotel is owned by the Enriquez-Panlilio family, who are involved in the real estate and shipping industry, and are also the same owners of the Silahis International Hotel.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A construction boom of hotels initiated and streamlined by then-sitting president Ferdinand Marcos Sr. took place in the 1970s in anticipation for the then-upcoming hosting of the 1976 International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Summits in the Philippines. The Philippine Village Hotel was among those hotels and was built on a land owned by the Nayong Pilipino Foundation.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The hotel was built in 1974 by Philippine Village Hotel Inc (PVHI), leasing the Nayong Pilipino land for 21 years.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The hotel hosted foreign business travelers, leisure travelers, nightclub partygoers, and socialites. First Lady Imelda Marcos frequently hosted events in the hotel. The hotel also housed the country's first land-based casino after the shutdown of MS Philippine Tourist.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Delegates of Miss Universe 1974 were housed in the Philippine Village Hotel. One of the suites of the hotel was occupied by winner Amparo Muñoz, leading it to be named the \"Miss Universe suite\".",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The hotel also operated as a terminal for another airline in the Philippines, Grand Air, from 1995 until 1999, when the airline ceased operations.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Philippine Village Hotel ceased operations in May 2001. A year later, the next-door Nayong Pilipino park was closed to make way for the expansion of the airport complex.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Due to non-payment of taxes, the government sequestered the property in 2023. The hotel was also deemed a threat to the airport's security as it was feared to be a potential base of operations for terrorism.",
"title": "Sequestration by the Philippine Government"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Between November and December 2023, the Philippine Government took full control of the hotel and plans to demolish it for the expansion of the airport.",
"title": "Sequestration by the Philippine Government"
}
] | Philippine Village Hotel is an abandoned hotel located within the Nayong Pilipino Complex, next door to Ninoy Aquino International Airport, in Pasay City, Metro Manila, Philippines. Designed by National Artist Juan Nakpil, it was hailed as the first airport hotel in the Philippines. The hotel is owned by the Enriquez-Panlilio family, who are involved in the real estate and shipping industry, and are also the same owners of the Silahis International Hotel. | 2023-12-13T03:50:51Z | 2023-12-21T22:35:27Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Village_Hotel |
75,550,425 | German Cup (disambiguation) | The name German Cup is used by several cup competitions in German sport. In English, it is most commonly used to refer to the DFB-Pokal, an annual German football cup competition.
The term may also refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The name German Cup is used by several cup competitions in German sport. In English, it is most commonly used to refer to the DFB-Pokal, an annual German football cup competition.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The term may also refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | The name German Cup is used by several cup competitions in German sport. In English, it is most commonly used to refer to the DFB-Pokal, an annual German football cup competition. The term may also refer to: BBL-Pokal
German Cup
German Super Cup | 2023-12-13T03:53:25Z | 2023-12-13T04:02:27Z | [
"Template:Disambig"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Cup_(disambiguation) |
75,550,427 | Spanish Redemptorist missions in Sichuan | The Spanish Redemptorist missions in Sichuan were Catholic missions carried out by Spanish missionaries of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) between 1934 and 1952 in Sichuan (formerly romanised as Szechuan), a province located in southwestern China. The Mission of Sichuan was the first permanent foundation of the Redemptorists in that country, whose missionary area was in the Apostolic Vicariates of Chengtu and Ningyüanfu.
In the 1920s, Pope Pius XI invited the Redemptorists to help Celso Costantini with the founding of the Congregation of the Disciples of the Lord for the Apostolic Vicariate of Süanhwafu (now Diocese of Xuanhua) in Hebei Province. The charge was entrusted to the Redemptorist Province of Spain (Spanish Province), and consequently, a missionary group formed by Segundo Miguel Rodríguez, José Morán Pan and Segundo Velasco Arina started their trip to north China in February 1928, and arrived in Beijing on 9 April 1928. After helping the Disciples of the Lord, they began their own apostolate. They were assigned to the mission of Xiping (Siping), a county in Henan Province located in north-central China. There they suffered from horrible living conditions, with the death in successive days of two friars, but they were able to make five hundred converts during the five years of their stay.
From Xiping two members of the community were sent to Guangzhou, or Canton as it was known at the time, in south China. They established themselves on a small island which they dubbed "the paradise island of Shamean". However, this did not last long. In 1932, after only two years, the two fathers were ordered to return to the discomforts of Xiping from their "earthly paradise".
The problems of Xiping ended in 1934, when the Redemptorists found a new home in the remote southwestern province of Sichuan. There they had some relief from the bitter cold of the northern winter and were now in a region where Christians were more numerous. In addition, they had a comfortable residence in the capital city of Chengdu, where the Apostolic Vicar of Chengtu, Jacques Rouchouse, was stationed. The first permanent foundation of the Redemptorists was established on 24 April 1934, in the capital.
In their new home the missionaries expected a more satisfying apostolate, as evident in the expressions of enthusiasm in the letters to their provincial, José Machiñena. They were edified by the devotion and piety of the local Christians, who were in the church on Sundays at any time as long as it was open. It was a surprise to find the children well instructed, a tribute to their clergy and their parents. The first missions were successful in terms of attendance, and the preachers were gratified by the displays of fervour. The missions followed the style used in Europe with few special issues that demanded the attention of the preachers. Fathers Vicente Belenguer Esteban and Eusebio Arnáiz Álvarez felt edified by the men who insisted on handing over their pipes and opium to the priests in the confessional.
This was the pattern of Christian life in Chengdu that continued until the missionaries were expelled from the country. At the end of 1934, the community had a satisfactory mission record to report for the year. During that half-year period they had delivered twenty-four sermons and thirteen retreats to clergy, religious, seminarians, and others.
Motivated by the optimism of the Chengdu community, a juvenate (i.e., minor seminary) was opened in September 1935. The name derives from the Latin juventus meaning "youth". Upon its opening, there were already thirteen young Redemptorists, or jovenistas as what the Spanish Redemptorists call the minor seminarians. Two of the jovenistas came from families long established in the Catholic faith. The lads were under the care of Father José Pedrero, who had two assistants, Eusebio Arnáiz Álvarez and Juan Campos Rodríguez, both were young missionaries at the time.
In 1938, the volume of work increased following the establishment of the second foundation in Xichang (Sichang, a.k.a. Ningyüanfu), capital of the Nosu Country in southwestern Sichuan, where the Catholics were under the jurisdiction of Stanislas Baudry [fr], Apostolic Vicar of Ningyüanfu. This region is located further west, and it shares a border with eastern Tibet. Samuel J. Boland wrote in Spicilegium Historicum Congregationis SSmi Redemptoris that "Sichang was especially dear to Father Campos (Juan Campos), who spent most of his China years there. He was moved to become even a trifle ecstatic whenever he wrote of it".
The two foundations in Sichuan became the Redemptorist Vice-Province of China, with Father José Pedrero as superior. While the house of Xichang began to take charge of preparing candidates for the priesthood. To carry the plan into effect, two theology students were sent to the mission from Spain. One of them was José Campos Rodríguez, younger brother of Juan Campos.
The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) did not take long to affect the Redemptorist communities. Communication with superiors in Europe became almost impossible, causing some anxiety in Spain, where only fragments of information arrived sporadically in the few letters that did arrive. In 1942, Father Pedrero reported on the state of the vice-province through Horace James Seymour, the British ambassador in Chongqing (Chungking). Chengdu was a particular target of Japanese bombs, and occasionally the bombs fell near the Redemptorist house. One night in 1941, the death toll in the city was estimated at 12,000. Jacques Rouchouse, the apostolic vicar, closed both the major seminary and the minor seminary of the Paris Foreign Missions Society. The juvenates in Chengdu and Xichang had to be disbanded in these circumstances. After the Americans entered the war, bombings became less frequent and less devastating.
During this time, Eusebio Arnáiz (anglicised as Eusebius Arnaiz) came into contact with Audrey Donnithorne, the daughter of Anglican missionary Vyvyan Donnithorne who was stationed at the Gospel Church of Guanghan. She was dissatisfied with the Protestant religious life on the campus of West China Union University. In 1942, Arnáiz visited Donnithorne on the campus and lent her some books. The next year she converted to Catholicism. Her baptism took place at Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Chengdu.
The years after World War II saw China gripped by the further turmoil of the civil war between the nationalists and the communists. In the early years of the conflict, as the communists tightened their control over the north, the country experienced a terror. Juan Campos describes the years 1945 to 1948 as a time of "violent persecution", culminating in the "winter of blood" between 1947 and 1948. Towards mid-1948 there was some relief from the savagery, as the communists became more "tolerant", as Father Campos puts it. According to Samuel J. Boland, "perhaps it is too charitable to speak of the Maoist regime as a time of toleration. In particular, the new China was far from kindly towards the Church." Father Manuel Cid Riesco abandoned the mission in 1947 due to communist persecution. He went to Mexico, then to Guatemala, and in 1955 he was appointed vice-provincial of Central America.
It was around this time that Manuel Gil de Sagredo Arribas was appointed vice-provincial of the Redemptorists. He was sent to the mission shortly after his ordination in 1930, at the age of 22. After a year in England to learn English he arrived in Xiping in 1931, where he went through the harsh initiation and then passed to Chengdu in November 1933. In the Sichuanese capital, he was put in charge of the novices and became consultor to the then vice-provincial Father Pedrero, besides the regular missionary work. In the spring of 1934 he participated in several regional missionary campaigns together with Manuel Cid, with the Alphonsian-missionary method. Father Sagredo wrote about the dilemma of how to consolidate the presence of the Redemptorists in China around 1940, shortly before his return to Spain in 1941. On 17 December 1948, Sagredo went back to Chengdu, not yet in the hands of the communists. On 6 May 1952, the first Chinese Redemptorist priest, Father Matthias, took his religious vows together with the cleric Peter Mi.
A short-lived Beijing community, the third Redemptorist house after Chengdu and Xichang, existed between 1947 and 1948. Chengdu and Xichang were able to continue after the closure of the Beijing house at the end of November 1948. Father Campos wrote about the vitality of the missionaries in Chengdu during the year 1949. He was invited by the vice-provincial, Father Sagredo, to visit the community and while there he joined the latter in a mission on the outskirts of the city. The results of the mission were reported as "excellent". By then, however, many religious had left Chengdu, as the communist threat intensified. In time, the Redemptorist communities of Chengdu and Xichang were to in turn succumb to the communist regime.
The communist army appeared in Sichuan in 1950, promising a new and happier era, that the terror of the "winter of blood" belonged to the past. The first months were deceptively peaceful, until 1951. At that time, with Father Sagredo there were two other missionaries, Alfredo Fuentes and Francisco Campano. Sagredo had become a target of resentment among the communists because of his preaching in the Redemptorist chapel to encourage the faithful to remain steadfast in the trials that would soon come. Father Fuentes was sentenced to immediate deportation. The other two had been jailed for five months before they too were expelled.
In prison, Father Sagredo wrote down his reflections in the form of meditations according to the style of Saint Alphonsus Liguori. For Father Campano the incarceration had been harsher because of what could have been seen as aggressiveness in his outbursts during interrogation. He was subjected to the most unpleasant experiences, such as in a session in 1951 in which he was picked. An apostate woman was brought in and she fiercely attacked him as unfit to be a priest, not even to be considered human but as an animal or even a monster. "This man is not fit to remain among us", she concluded, "and the Christian community of Chengtu ask the government to drive him out for the good of Christianity".
On 24 October, their incarceration ended after a trial in the prison yard. The next day they were sentenced to deportation and the two missionaries started the sixteen-day journey to Hong Kong. They reached their destination on 9 November, when, as Father Juan Campos puts it, "they breathed the air of freedom in the British colony of Hong Kong". In September 1955, Juan Campos and Eusebio Arnáiz founded the Anglo-Chinese School of Perpetual Help (now Chan Sui Ki Perpetual Help College) in Portuguese Macau. José Campos, younger brother of Juan Campos, continued his apostolate in Mexico since 1951 after the end of the Sichuan Mission.
Also in 1951, the funeral service for Joche Albert Ly was held at the small Spanish Redemptorist chapel in Xichang. Ly was superior of the Marist Brothers of Xichang. He was shot by communists after three months of incarceration under inhuman torture. His biography was written by Father Eusebio Arnáiz.
Father Segundo Miguel Rodríguez, one of the original members, could well be considered the patriarch of the mission. After Xiping, he continued missionary work in the houses of Sichuan. With him was Father José Miguélez, who had also been one of the pioneers of Xiping. They were not incarcerated nor did they suffer any harsh treatment, but they were left homeless after their house being confiscated. The situation remained so for some months until early 1952, when they were given permission to leave the country. They left with a group of sisters of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary. They set foot on Hong Kong soil by way of the Lo Wu International Bridge after a three-week journey. Father Rodríguez, with reluctance, was the last one to cross the border. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Spanish Redemptorist missions in Sichuan were Catholic missions carried out by Spanish missionaries of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) between 1934 and 1952 in Sichuan (formerly romanised as Szechuan), a province located in southwestern China. The Mission of Sichuan was the first permanent foundation of the Redemptorists in that country, whose missionary area was in the Apostolic Vicariates of Chengtu and Ningyüanfu.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In the 1920s, Pope Pius XI invited the Redemptorists to help Celso Costantini with the founding of the Congregation of the Disciples of the Lord for the Apostolic Vicariate of Süanhwafu (now Diocese of Xuanhua) in Hebei Province. The charge was entrusted to the Redemptorist Province of Spain (Spanish Province), and consequently, a missionary group formed by Segundo Miguel Rodríguez, José Morán Pan and Segundo Velasco Arina started their trip to north China in February 1928, and arrived in Beijing on 9 April 1928. After helping the Disciples of the Lord, they began their own apostolate. They were assigned to the mission of Xiping (Siping), a county in Henan Province located in north-central China. There they suffered from horrible living conditions, with the death in successive days of two friars, but they were able to make five hundred converts during the five years of their stay.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "From Xiping two members of the community were sent to Guangzhou, or Canton as it was known at the time, in south China. They established themselves on a small island which they dubbed \"the paradise island of Shamean\". However, this did not last long. In 1932, after only two years, the two fathers were ordered to return to the discomforts of Xiping from their \"earthly paradise\".",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The problems of Xiping ended in 1934, when the Redemptorists found a new home in the remote southwestern province of Sichuan. There they had some relief from the bitter cold of the northern winter and were now in a region where Christians were more numerous. In addition, they had a comfortable residence in the capital city of Chengdu, where the Apostolic Vicar of Chengtu, Jacques Rouchouse, was stationed. The first permanent foundation of the Redemptorists was established on 24 April 1934, in the capital.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In their new home the missionaries expected a more satisfying apostolate, as evident in the expressions of enthusiasm in the letters to their provincial, José Machiñena. They were edified by the devotion and piety of the local Christians, who were in the church on Sundays at any time as long as it was open. It was a surprise to find the children well instructed, a tribute to their clergy and their parents. The first missions were successful in terms of attendance, and the preachers were gratified by the displays of fervour. The missions followed the style used in Europe with few special issues that demanded the attention of the preachers. Fathers Vicente Belenguer Esteban and Eusebio Arnáiz Álvarez felt edified by the men who insisted on handing over their pipes and opium to the priests in the confessional.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "This was the pattern of Christian life in Chengdu that continued until the missionaries were expelled from the country. At the end of 1934, the community had a satisfactory mission record to report for the year. During that half-year period they had delivered twenty-four sermons and thirteen retreats to clergy, religious, seminarians, and others.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Motivated by the optimism of the Chengdu community, a juvenate (i.e., minor seminary) was opened in September 1935. The name derives from the Latin juventus meaning \"youth\". Upon its opening, there were already thirteen young Redemptorists, or jovenistas as what the Spanish Redemptorists call the minor seminarians. Two of the jovenistas came from families long established in the Catholic faith. The lads were under the care of Father José Pedrero, who had two assistants, Eusebio Arnáiz Álvarez and Juan Campos Rodríguez, both were young missionaries at the time.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 1938, the volume of work increased following the establishment of the second foundation in Xichang (Sichang, a.k.a. Ningyüanfu), capital of the Nosu Country in southwestern Sichuan, where the Catholics were under the jurisdiction of Stanislas Baudry [fr], Apostolic Vicar of Ningyüanfu. This region is located further west, and it shares a border with eastern Tibet. Samuel J. Boland wrote in Spicilegium Historicum Congregationis SSmi Redemptoris that \"Sichang was especially dear to Father Campos (Juan Campos), who spent most of his China years there. He was moved to become even a trifle ecstatic whenever he wrote of it\".",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The two foundations in Sichuan became the Redemptorist Vice-Province of China, with Father José Pedrero as superior. While the house of Xichang began to take charge of preparing candidates for the priesthood. To carry the plan into effect, two theology students were sent to the mission from Spain. One of them was José Campos Rodríguez, younger brother of Juan Campos.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) did not take long to affect the Redemptorist communities. Communication with superiors in Europe became almost impossible, causing some anxiety in Spain, where only fragments of information arrived sporadically in the few letters that did arrive. In 1942, Father Pedrero reported on the state of the vice-province through Horace James Seymour, the British ambassador in Chongqing (Chungking). Chengdu was a particular target of Japanese bombs, and occasionally the bombs fell near the Redemptorist house. One night in 1941, the death toll in the city was estimated at 12,000. Jacques Rouchouse, the apostolic vicar, closed both the major seminary and the minor seminary of the Paris Foreign Missions Society. The juvenates in Chengdu and Xichang had to be disbanded in these circumstances. After the Americans entered the war, bombings became less frequent and less devastating.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "During this time, Eusebio Arnáiz (anglicised as Eusebius Arnaiz) came into contact with Audrey Donnithorne, the daughter of Anglican missionary Vyvyan Donnithorne who was stationed at the Gospel Church of Guanghan. She was dissatisfied with the Protestant religious life on the campus of West China Union University. In 1942, Arnáiz visited Donnithorne on the campus and lent her some books. The next year she converted to Catholicism. Her baptism took place at Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Chengdu.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The years after World War II saw China gripped by the further turmoil of the civil war between the nationalists and the communists. In the early years of the conflict, as the communists tightened their control over the north, the country experienced a terror. Juan Campos describes the years 1945 to 1948 as a time of \"violent persecution\", culminating in the \"winter of blood\" between 1947 and 1948. Towards mid-1948 there was some relief from the savagery, as the communists became more \"tolerant\", as Father Campos puts it. According to Samuel J. Boland, \"perhaps it is too charitable to speak of the Maoist regime as a time of toleration. In particular, the new China was far from kindly towards the Church.\" Father Manuel Cid Riesco abandoned the mission in 1947 due to communist persecution. He went to Mexico, then to Guatemala, and in 1955 he was appointed vice-provincial of Central America.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "It was around this time that Manuel Gil de Sagredo Arribas was appointed vice-provincial of the Redemptorists. He was sent to the mission shortly after his ordination in 1930, at the age of 22. After a year in England to learn English he arrived in Xiping in 1931, where he went through the harsh initiation and then passed to Chengdu in November 1933. In the Sichuanese capital, he was put in charge of the novices and became consultor to the then vice-provincial Father Pedrero, besides the regular missionary work. In the spring of 1934 he participated in several regional missionary campaigns together with Manuel Cid, with the Alphonsian-missionary method. Father Sagredo wrote about the dilemma of how to consolidate the presence of the Redemptorists in China around 1940, shortly before his return to Spain in 1941. On 17 December 1948, Sagredo went back to Chengdu, not yet in the hands of the communists. On 6 May 1952, the first Chinese Redemptorist priest, Father Matthias, took his religious vows together with the cleric Peter Mi.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "A short-lived Beijing community, the third Redemptorist house after Chengdu and Xichang, existed between 1947 and 1948. Chengdu and Xichang were able to continue after the closure of the Beijing house at the end of November 1948. Father Campos wrote about the vitality of the missionaries in Chengdu during the year 1949. He was invited by the vice-provincial, Father Sagredo, to visit the community and while there he joined the latter in a mission on the outskirts of the city. The results of the mission were reported as \"excellent\". By then, however, many religious had left Chengdu, as the communist threat intensified. In time, the Redemptorist communities of Chengdu and Xichang were to in turn succumb to the communist regime.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The communist army appeared in Sichuan in 1950, promising a new and happier era, that the terror of the \"winter of blood\" belonged to the past. The first months were deceptively peaceful, until 1951. At that time, with Father Sagredo there were two other missionaries, Alfredo Fuentes and Francisco Campano. Sagredo had become a target of resentment among the communists because of his preaching in the Redemptorist chapel to encourage the faithful to remain steadfast in the trials that would soon come. Father Fuentes was sentenced to immediate deportation. The other two had been jailed for five months before they too were expelled.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "In prison, Father Sagredo wrote down his reflections in the form of meditations according to the style of Saint Alphonsus Liguori. For Father Campano the incarceration had been harsher because of what could have been seen as aggressiveness in his outbursts during interrogation. He was subjected to the most unpleasant experiences, such as in a session in 1951 in which he was picked. An apostate woman was brought in and she fiercely attacked him as unfit to be a priest, not even to be considered human but as an animal or even a monster. \"This man is not fit to remain among us\", she concluded, \"and the Christian community of Chengtu ask the government to drive him out for the good of Christianity\".",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "On 24 October, their incarceration ended after a trial in the prison yard. The next day they were sentenced to deportation and the two missionaries started the sixteen-day journey to Hong Kong. They reached their destination on 9 November, when, as Father Juan Campos puts it, \"they breathed the air of freedom in the British colony of Hong Kong\". In September 1955, Juan Campos and Eusebio Arnáiz founded the Anglo-Chinese School of Perpetual Help (now Chan Sui Ki Perpetual Help College) in Portuguese Macau. José Campos, younger brother of Juan Campos, continued his apostolate in Mexico since 1951 after the end of the Sichuan Mission.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Also in 1951, the funeral service for Joche Albert Ly was held at the small Spanish Redemptorist chapel in Xichang. Ly was superior of the Marist Brothers of Xichang. He was shot by communists after three months of incarceration under inhuman torture. His biography was written by Father Eusebio Arnáiz.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Father Segundo Miguel Rodríguez, one of the original members, could well be considered the patriarch of the mission. After Xiping, he continued missionary work in the houses of Sichuan. With him was Father José Miguélez, who had also been one of the pioneers of Xiping. They were not incarcerated nor did they suffer any harsh treatment, but they were left homeless after their house being confiscated. The situation remained so for some months until early 1952, when they were given permission to leave the country. They left with a group of sisters of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary. They set foot on Hong Kong soil by way of the Lo Wu International Bridge after a three-week journey. Father Rodríguez, with reluctance, was the last one to cross the border.",
"title": "Mission in Sichuan"
}
] | The Spanish Redemptorist missions in Sichuan were Catholic missions carried out by Spanish missionaries of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) between 1934 and 1952 in Sichuan, a province located in southwestern China. The Mission of Sichuan was the first permanent foundation of the Redemptorists in that country, whose missionary area was in the Apostolic Vicariates of Chengtu and Ningyüanfu. | 2023-12-13T03:54:03Z | 2023-12-19T01:48:33Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Redemptorist_missions_in_Sichuan |
75,550,437 | Billy Cosh | William Cosh (born March 5, 1992) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Stony Brook University; a position he will hold in 2024.
Cosh attended Arundel High School from 2006 to 2009. He became the starting quarterback in his junior year, where he broke seven state records throughout the season including most passing yards (3,909) and most touchdown passes (56) in a season. In his senior year, he threw for 3,913 yards and 56 touchdowns, setting state records for career attempts (909), completions (594), passing yards (7,433) and touchdowns (112).
Cosh first committed to Kansas State, where his father Chris was the defensive coordinator. He redshirted his freshman season. He transferred to James Madison after the season, following a visit from their head coach Mickey Matthews which convinced him there was an opportunity for him there. However, he was at the bottom of the quarterback depth chart and did not play. Cosh would regret his first transfer as "a rash decision." In 2012, he transferred to Butler Community College but tore his ACL in the NJCAA junior college championship game, ending a season where he threw for 2,856 yards and 25 touchdowns.
He committed to Houston in December 2012. He was cleared to return in July 2013. In 2014, Cosh made his NCAA debut, completing five of nine passes for 32 yards in three games.
Cosh became his coaching career at Concord University. He served as a graduate assistant and quarterbacks coach for Indiana from 2016 to 2017. Then, he was hired at VMI, where he was the wide receivers coach before being promoted to offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach, leading their "Air Raid" offense. After four seasons, he was named Richmond's offensive coordinator. In his one season at Richmond, the Spiders had a top 20 offensive SP+ rating and advanced to the second round of the FCS playoffs. Cosh was hired by Western Michigan as their offensive coordinator before the 2023 season.
On December 13, 2023, Cosh was named the third head coach in Stony Brook Seawolves history. At 31 years old, Cosh became the second-youngest current Division I head football coach.
Cosh is the son of football coach Chris Cosh, who served as defensive coordinator on multiple FBS college football teams. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "William Cosh (born March 5, 1992) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Stony Brook University; a position he will hold in 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Cosh attended Arundel High School from 2006 to 2009. He became the starting quarterback in his junior year, where he broke seven state records throughout the season including most passing yards (3,909) and most touchdown passes (56) in a season. In his senior year, he threw for 3,913 yards and 56 touchdowns, setting state records for career attempts (909), completions (594), passing yards (7,433) and touchdowns (112).",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Cosh first committed to Kansas State, where his father Chris was the defensive coordinator. He redshirted his freshman season. He transferred to James Madison after the season, following a visit from their head coach Mickey Matthews which convinced him there was an opportunity for him there. However, he was at the bottom of the quarterback depth chart and did not play. Cosh would regret his first transfer as \"a rash decision.\" In 2012, he transferred to Butler Community College but tore his ACL in the NJCAA junior college championship game, ending a season where he threw for 2,856 yards and 25 touchdowns.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He committed to Houston in December 2012. He was cleared to return in July 2013. In 2014, Cosh made his NCAA debut, completing five of nine passes for 32 yards in three games.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Cosh became his coaching career at Concord University. He served as a graduate assistant and quarterbacks coach for Indiana from 2016 to 2017. Then, he was hired at VMI, where he was the wide receivers coach before being promoted to offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach, leading their \"Air Raid\" offense. After four seasons, he was named Richmond's offensive coordinator. In his one season at Richmond, the Spiders had a top 20 offensive SP+ rating and advanced to the second round of the FCS playoffs. Cosh was hired by Western Michigan as their offensive coordinator before the 2023 season.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On December 13, 2023, Cosh was named the third head coach in Stony Brook Seawolves history. At 31 years old, Cosh became the second-youngest current Division I head football coach.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Cosh is the son of football coach Chris Cosh, who served as defensive coordinator on multiple FBS college football teams.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | William Cosh is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Stony Brook University; a position he will hold in 2024. | 2023-12-13T03:56:24Z | 2023-12-23T06:53:39Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Cosh |
75,550,438 | Sphaerophragmiaceae | The Sphaerophragmiaceae are a family of rust fungus genera in the order Pucciniales, based on the type genus Sphaerophragmium.
In their 2021 review, Aime and McTaggart included two genera, containing the following species: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Sphaerophragmiaceae are a family of rust fungus genera in the order Pucciniales, based on the type genus Sphaerophragmium.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In their 2021 review, Aime and McTaggart included two genera, containing the following species:",
"title": "Genera and species"
}
] | The Sphaerophragmiaceae are a family of rust fungus genera in the order Pucciniales, based on the type genus Sphaerophragmium. | 2023-12-13T03:56:45Z | 2023-12-13T04:17:02Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphaerophragmiaceae |
75,550,456 | Archery at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's individual recurve open | The men's individual recurve open competition of the archery events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held from November 19 to 22 at the Archery Center in Santiago, Chile.
The results were as follows:
The results during the elimination rounds were as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The men's individual recurve open competition of the archery events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held from November 19 to 22 at the Archery Center in Santiago, Chile.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The results were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The results during the elimination rounds were as follows:",
"title": "Results"
}
] | The men's individual recurve open competition of the archery events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held from November 19 to 22 at the Archery Center in Santiago, Chile. | 2023-12-13T04:01:13Z | 2023-12-15T16:49:39Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archery_at_the_2023_Parapan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_individual_recurve_open |
75,550,510 | Ella Lewis | Ella Lewis (December 26, 1878 – December 16, 1953) was an American educator and politician who served as Secretary of State of Kentucky from 1928 to 1932. She was the second woman to be elected to the office. She was a member of the Democratic Party.
Ella Lewis was born on December 26, 1878, in Leitchfield, Kentucky, to James Franklin Lewis and Mary Kirkland. She received a common education, and attended Western Kentucky State Normal School and Transylvania University. She never married or had any children.
Lewis served as superintendent of Grayson County Schools for 8 years. In 1927, she ran for Secretary of State of Kentucky against F. D. Quisenberry. She defeated Quisenberry taking 1,316 votes to Quisenberry's 1,037 votes, becoming the 2nd woman elected to the office. Lewis held the role of Secretary of State for four years from 1928 to 1932. She was also employed by the Kentucky Department of Public Welfare for three years.
Lewis died of uremia on December 16, 1953, in Louisville, Kentucky, at the age of 74. She had experienced several years of feeble health before her death. She was interred in Leitchfield, Kentucky. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ella Lewis (December 26, 1878 – December 16, 1953) was an American educator and politician who served as Secretary of State of Kentucky from 1928 to 1932. She was the second woman to be elected to the office. She was a member of the Democratic Party.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ella Lewis was born on December 26, 1878, in Leitchfield, Kentucky, to James Franklin Lewis and Mary Kirkland. She received a common education, and attended Western Kentucky State Normal School and Transylvania University. She never married or had any children.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Lewis served as superintendent of Grayson County Schools for 8 years. In 1927, she ran for Secretary of State of Kentucky against F. D. Quisenberry. She defeated Quisenberry taking 1,316 votes to Quisenberry's 1,037 votes, becoming the 2nd woman elected to the office. Lewis held the role of Secretary of State for four years from 1928 to 1932. She was also employed by the Kentucky Department of Public Welfare for three years.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Lewis died of uremia on December 16, 1953, in Louisville, Kentucky, at the age of 74. She had experienced several years of feeble health before her death. She was interred in Leitchfield, Kentucky.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Ella Lewis was an American educator and politician who served as Secretary of State of Kentucky from 1928 to 1932. She was the second woman to be elected to the office. She was a member of the Democratic Party. | 2023-12-13T04:13:44Z | 2023-12-14T17:43:33Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ella_Lewis |
75,550,549 | Solar Bridge | Solar Bridge is a studio album by the American drone trio Emeralds. The album was released through Hanson Records on June 16, 2008. The album was completely improvised, and recorded digitally in July 2007 at a home studio in Westlake, Ohio. Critics have described the album's genres as drone, ambient, and kosmische. The album runs for 26 minutes and is split into two tracks which consist of "meditative" drones made of two synths and a guitar. Solar Bridge was the first Emeralds album to be released on vinyl and CD, and received positive reviews from AllMusic, Pitchfork, and Tiny Mix Tapes.
Solar Bridge was entirely improvised, without edits or overdubs. Mark McGuire plays guitar, while John Elliot plays a Korg synthesizer and Steve Hauschildt plays a Moog synthesizer. The album was recorded digitally, separating it from all of Emeralds' previous works, which were recorded onto tape. Recordings took place in July 2007, at a home studio in Westlake, Ohio (near Cleveland). The album was mastered by Denis Blackham.
The album runs for 26 minutes and is split into two tracks: "Magic" and "The Quaking Mess". Critics have described the album's genres as drone, ambient, and kosmische. Jesse Jarnow of AllMusic described the album's sound as "deep and meditative," with "flowing textures that somehow scan as simultaneously organic and synthetic". Although all three musicians play simultaneously, the separate instruments are mostly not discernable.
"Magic" consists of a "rumbling swath" of sawtooth-based drones in a minor key which increase in volume as the track progresses. McGuire uses an e-bow on his guitar to create sustained notes, a sound similar to krautrock bands Ash Ra Tempel and Eruption, according to Mangoon of Tiny Mix Tapes. “The Quaking Mess" consists of a long-form drone similar to the first track. During part of "The Quaking Mess", McGuire's guitar becomes more prominent. According to Jarnow, these Robert Fripp-sounding guitar loops momentarily reveal "Emeralds' cogs". Philip Sherburne of Pitchfork described the track's end section as a "monolithic drone" and compared it to Sunn O))). The 17-minute "Photosphere" is a bonus track available on the digital version of the album's 2022 reissue. The track is a minimal and quiet drone that sharply contrasts from the rest of the album. Sherburne described the track as "little more than a soft, shimmering cloud of the most reluctant dissonance".
Solar Bridge was the first Emeralds' album to be physically released on vinyl, instead of CD-Rs and cassettes, like the trio's previous albums. As well, it was the trio's first CD release (distinct from the CD-R). This led Mangoon of Tiny Mix Tapes to consider the album "Emeralds’ first 'proper' release". The album was released via Hanson Records on June 16, 2008, and reissued on vinyl in 2022 via Ghostly International.
Solar Bridge received positive reviews from AllMusic, Pitchfork, and Tiny Mix Tapes. Jarnow described the album as sounding "truly timeless" and gave the album three-and-a-half out of five stars. Mangoon of Tiny Mix Tapes gave the album four-and-a-half out of five stars, and described it as "criminally too short", preventing it from receiving a perfect score. Sherburne gave the album 8 out of 10 points in his 2022 review, and noted how revisiting the album helps to better understand the trio's sonic development and discography.
Solar Bridge
Solar Bridge (2022 digital reissue)
Adapted from the album's liner notes. | [
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"text": "\"Magic\" consists of a \"rumbling swath\" of sawtooth-based drones in a minor key which increase in volume as the track progresses. McGuire uses an e-bow on his guitar to create sustained notes, a sound similar to krautrock bands Ash Ra Tempel and Eruption, according to Mangoon of Tiny Mix Tapes. “The Quaking Mess\" consists of a long-form drone similar to the first track. During part of \"The Quaking Mess\", McGuire's guitar becomes more prominent. According to Jarnow, these Robert Fripp-sounding guitar loops momentarily reveal \"Emeralds' cogs\". Philip Sherburne of Pitchfork described the track's end section as a \"monolithic drone\" and compared it to Sunn O))). The 17-minute \"Photosphere\" is a bonus track available on the digital version of the album's 2022 reissue. The track is a minimal and quiet drone that sharply contrasts from the rest of the album. Sherburne described the track as \"little more than a soft, shimmering cloud of the most reluctant dissonance\".",
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] | Solar Bridge is a studio album by the American drone trio Emeralds. The album was released through Hanson Records on June 16, 2008. The album was completely improvised, and recorded digitally in July 2007 at a home studio in Westlake, Ohio. Critics have described the album's genres as drone, ambient, and kosmische. The album runs for 26 minutes and is split into two tracks which consist of "meditative" drones made of two synths and a guitar. Solar Bridge was the first Emeralds album to be released on vinyl and CD, and received positive reviews from AllMusic, Pitchfork, and Tiny Mix Tapes. | 2023-12-13T04:19:54Z | 2023-12-13T07:53:29Z | [
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75,550,560 | Norman's chart of the lower Mississippi River | Norman's chart of the lower Mississippi River is a historically significant map produced in 1858 of landmarks, roads, ferry crossings, and plantations along the course of the Mississippi River from Natchez to New Orleans. Cotton and sugar plantations are color-coded with distinct colors. The lithographic map is based on cartography by Marie Adrien Persac. The map was printed by longtime New Orleans bookseller Benjamin Moore Norman. | [
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"text": "Norman's chart of the lower Mississippi River is a historically significant map produced in 1858 of landmarks, roads, ferry crossings, and plantations along the course of the Mississippi River from Natchez to New Orleans. Cotton and sugar plantations are color-coded with distinct colors. The lithographic map is based on cartography by Marie Adrien Persac. The map was printed by longtime New Orleans bookseller Benjamin Moore Norman.",
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] | Norman's chart of the lower Mississippi River is a historically significant map produced in 1858 of landmarks, roads, ferry crossings, and plantations along the course of the Mississippi River from Natchez to New Orleans. Cotton and sugar plantations are color-coded with distinct colors. The lithographic map is based on cartography by Marie Adrien Persac. The map was printed by longtime New Orleans bookseller Benjamin Moore Norman. | 2023-12-13T04:22:18Z | 2023-12-13T05:52:52Z | [
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75,550,566 | Henk Oosterhuis | Hendrik (Henk) Oosterhuis was a Dutch trade unionist and politician who represented the Labour Party and its predecessor the Social Democratic Workers' Party (Netherlands). Originally from Groningen, Oosterhuis served in the Senate from 1946 until 1960 and held numerous positions within the labour movement, including Chair of the Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions (NVV) and President of the Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD (TUAC). | [
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] | Hendrik (Henk) Oosterhuis was a Dutch trade unionist and politician who represented the Labour Party and its predecessor the Social Democratic Workers' Party (Netherlands). Originally from Groningen, Oosterhuis served in the Senate from 1946 until 1960 and held numerous positions within the labour movement, including Chair of the Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions (NVV) and President of the Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD (TUAC). | 2023-12-13T04:23:10Z | 2023-12-21T21:20:26Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henk_Oosterhuis |
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