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75,495,402 | Zurawski v. State of Texas | Zurawski v. State of Texas is a case currently pending before the Texas Supreme Court regarding medical exceptions to the state's abortion ban. The lawsuit was filed by the Center for Reproductive Rights on March 6, 2023. On August 4, 2023, State District Court Judge Jessica Mangrum granted the plaintiffs a preliminary injunction; the state of Texas appealed this decision to the Texas Supreme Court later that same day. The Texas Supreme Court heard arguments in the case on November 28, 2023.
In May 2021, Texas Governor Greg Abbott signed the Texas Heartbeat Act, also known as SB 8, into law. The law banned abortions after a fetal heartbeat could be detected, and allowed private citizens in Texas to sue anyone who helps someone obtain such an abortion. The law took effect in September of that year. After the Supreme Court of the United States overturned Roe v. Wade and Planned Parenthood v. Casey in its June 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, Texas' trigger law banning abortion went into effect on August 25, 2022. This law made performing an abortion a felony punishable by up to life in prison, with only narrow exceptions to save the life of the pregnant patient. As a result, Texas now had three abortion bans in effect simultaneously: SB8, the trigger law, and several statutes passed prior to Roe.
The case's lead plaintiff is Amanda Zurawski, a Texas woman who was denied an abortion when she was 18 weeks pregnant because her fetus had a detectable heartbeat. She subsequently went into septic shock twice, and was left with a permanently closed fallopian tube due to scar tissue. Four other women initially joined the suit when it was first filed on March 6, 2023. The purpose of the suit was to obtain a court ruling clarifying the circumstances under which physicians in Texas can provide abortion care under the state's abortion ban. Kate Zernike of the New York Times stated that this case was "apparently the first time that pregnant women themselves have taken legal action against the bans that have shut down access to abortion across the country since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade."
In July 2023, court hearings in the case were held over a two-day period, during which time three women testified about the effects of their having been denied abortion care on their own lives. One of the women, Samantha Casiano, described being pregnant and learning that her fetus had no chance of survival, because it lacked a skull due to a condition called anencephaly. Casiano became physically ill while testifying, which prompted the judge to call a recess. Texas's lawyers accused the women of being on an "ideological crusade" and attempted to pin blame on the women themselves, as well as their physicians.
On August 4, 2023, Travis County District Judge Jessica Mangrum issued a preliminary injunction which would have prevented the state of Texas from enforcing the Texas Heartbeat Act in cases involving serious pregnancy complications. The ruling would have allowed patients to receive abortion care if they were experiencing such complications, and would have prevented the state's Attorney General from prosecuting doctors who perform abortions based on their "good faith judgment" that doing so is medically necessary. The office of the Attorney General of Texas appealed the ruling just hours later, which prevented Mangrum's injunction from taking effect. At the time, First Assistant Attorney General of Texas Brent Webster decried Mangrum's decision as "an activist Austin judge’s attempt to override Texas abortion laws."
On November 28, 2023, the Texas Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Zurawski. By this time, the number of plaintiffs in the case had increased to 22: 20 women denied abortions and two physicians. During the argument, Molly Duane, a lawyer for the Center for Reproductive Rights, stated, "We are just seeking clarification on what the law aims to do". Texas Supreme Court justice Brett Busby, however, pushed back on this point, arguing that the Court's purpose is to "decide cases" rather than to "elaborate and expand" the meaning of state laws. Beth Klusmann, a lawyer representing Texas, argued that the plaintiffs did not have standing to sue Texas in this matter, and should instead have filed suit against their doctors. The Texas Supreme Court will issue a decision on whether to partially block Texas' abortion ban, as well as on whether to grant the state's request to dismiss the case outright, by June 2024. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Zurawski v. State of Texas is a case currently pending before the Texas Supreme Court regarding medical exceptions to the state's abortion ban. The lawsuit was filed by the Center for Reproductive Rights on March 6, 2023. On August 4, 2023, State District Court Judge Jessica Mangrum granted the plaintiffs a preliminary injunction; the state of Texas appealed this decision to the Texas Supreme Court later that same day. The Texas Supreme Court heard arguments in the case on November 28, 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In May 2021, Texas Governor Greg Abbott signed the Texas Heartbeat Act, also known as SB 8, into law. The law banned abortions after a fetal heartbeat could be detected, and allowed private citizens in Texas to sue anyone who helps someone obtain such an abortion. The law took effect in September of that year. After the Supreme Court of the United States overturned Roe v. Wade and Planned Parenthood v. Casey in its June 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, Texas' trigger law banning abortion went into effect on August 25, 2022. This law made performing an abortion a felony punishable by up to life in prison, with only narrow exceptions to save the life of the pregnant patient. As a result, Texas now had three abortion bans in effect simultaneously: SB8, the trigger law, and several statutes passed prior to Roe.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The case's lead plaintiff is Amanda Zurawski, a Texas woman who was denied an abortion when she was 18 weeks pregnant because her fetus had a detectable heartbeat. She subsequently went into septic shock twice, and was left with a permanently closed fallopian tube due to scar tissue. Four other women initially joined the suit when it was first filed on March 6, 2023. The purpose of the suit was to obtain a court ruling clarifying the circumstances under which physicians in Texas can provide abortion care under the state's abortion ban. Kate Zernike of the New York Times stated that this case was \"apparently the first time that pregnant women themselves have taken legal action against the bans that have shut down access to abortion across the country since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade.\"",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In July 2023, court hearings in the case were held over a two-day period, during which time three women testified about the effects of their having been denied abortion care on their own lives. One of the women, Samantha Casiano, described being pregnant and learning that her fetus had no chance of survival, because it lacked a skull due to a condition called anencephaly. Casiano became physically ill while testifying, which prompted the judge to call a recess. Texas's lawyers accused the women of being on an \"ideological crusade\" and attempted to pin blame on the women themselves, as well as their physicians.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On August 4, 2023, Travis County District Judge Jessica Mangrum issued a preliminary injunction which would have prevented the state of Texas from enforcing the Texas Heartbeat Act in cases involving serious pregnancy complications. The ruling would have allowed patients to receive abortion care if they were experiencing such complications, and would have prevented the state's Attorney General from prosecuting doctors who perform abortions based on their \"good faith judgment\" that doing so is medically necessary. The office of the Attorney General of Texas appealed the ruling just hours later, which prevented Mangrum's injunction from taking effect. At the time, First Assistant Attorney General of Texas Brent Webster decried Mangrum's decision as \"an activist Austin judge’s attempt to override Texas abortion laws.\"",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On November 28, 2023, the Texas Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Zurawski. By this time, the number of plaintiffs in the case had increased to 22: 20 women denied abortions and two physicians. During the argument, Molly Duane, a lawyer for the Center for Reproductive Rights, stated, \"We are just seeking clarification on what the law aims to do\". Texas Supreme Court justice Brett Busby, however, pushed back on this point, arguing that the Court's purpose is to \"decide cases\" rather than to \"elaborate and expand\" the meaning of state laws. Beth Klusmann, a lawyer representing Texas, argued that the plaintiffs did not have standing to sue Texas in this matter, and should instead have filed suit against their doctors. The Texas Supreme Court will issue a decision on whether to partially block Texas' abortion ban, as well as on whether to grant the state's request to dismiss the case outright, by June 2024.",
"title": "Case history"
}
] | Zurawski v. State of Texas is a case currently pending before the Texas Supreme Court regarding medical exceptions to the state's abortion ban. The lawsuit was filed by the Center for Reproductive Rights on March 6, 2023. On August 4, 2023, State District Court Judge Jessica Mangrum granted the plaintiffs a preliminary injunction; the state of Texas appealed this decision to the Texas Supreme Court later that same day. The Texas Supreme Court heard arguments in the case on November 28, 2023. | 2023-12-06T02:23:22Z | 2023-12-10T02:27:32Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zurawski_v._State_of_Texas |
75,495,407 | Pochyta konilokho | Pochyta konilokho is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Guinea The male was first identified in 2021. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pochyta konilokho is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Guinea The male was first identified in 2021.",
"title": ""
}
] | Pochyta konilokho is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Guinea The male was first identified in 2021. | 2023-12-06T02:24:19Z | 2023-12-07T12:47:20Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pochyta_konilokho |
75,495,409 | List of Albanian inventions and discoveries | Albanian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques invented, innovated or discovered, partially or entirely, by individuals born in Albania or of Albanian descent. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Albanian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques invented, innovated or discovered, partially or entirely, by individuals born in Albania or of Albanian descent.",
"title": ""
}
] | Albanian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques invented, innovated or discovered, partially or entirely, by individuals born in Albania or of Albanian descent. | 2023-12-06T02:24:33Z | 2023-12-24T04:18:06Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
"Template:Incomplete list",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Albanian_inventions_and_discoveries |
75,495,414 | Pochyta lucida | Pochyta lucida is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Gabon. The female was first identified in 2021. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pochyta lucida is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Gabon. The female was first identified in 2021.",
"title": ""
}
] | Pochyta lucida is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Gabon. The female was first identified in 2021. | 2023-12-06T02:25:13Z | 2023-12-07T12:48:21Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pochyta_lucida |
75,495,424 | Pochyta maddisoni | Pochyta maddisoni is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Gabon. It was first identified in 2021. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pochyta maddisoni is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Gabon. It was first identified in 2021.",
"title": ""
}
] | Pochyta maddisoni is a species of jumping spiders in the genus Pochyta that lives in Gabon. It was first identified in 2021. | 2023-12-06T02:27:47Z | 2023-12-07T12:49:35Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pochyta_maddisoni |
75,495,427 | 2023 Pacific Northwest floods | In December 2023, an atmospheric river caused flooding in the Pacific Northwest. Rainfall and temperature records were set in the U.S. state of Washington. Two deaths have been attributed to this flood. One person died in Portland.
The Oregon Coast saw highway and school closures.
A mudslide south of Kelso caused Amtrak to suspend passenger rail service on the Cascades and Coast Starlight between Seattle and Portland, Oregon.
The Stillaguamish River in Snohomish County reached 21.34 feet (6.50 m) at Arlington, setting a new record high. The river inundated the community of Silvana and cut off portions of State Route 530. Local teams made 13 rescues along the Stillaguamish River and responded to several other calls for stranded people cut off by the Skykomish River in Monroe. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In December 2023, an atmospheric river caused flooding in the Pacific Northwest. Rainfall and temperature records were set in the U.S. state of Washington. Two deaths have been attributed to this flood. One person died in Portland.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Oregon Coast saw highway and school closures.",
"title": "Oregon"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A mudslide south of Kelso caused Amtrak to suspend passenger rail service on the Cascades and Coast Starlight between Seattle and Portland, Oregon.",
"title": "Washington"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Stillaguamish River in Snohomish County reached 21.34 feet (6.50 m) at Arlington, setting a new record high. The river inundated the community of Silvana and cut off portions of State Route 530. Local teams made 13 rescues along the Stillaguamish River and responded to several other calls for stranded people cut off by the Skykomish River in Monroe.",
"title": "Washington"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | In December 2023, an atmospheric river caused flooding in the Pacific Northwest. Rainfall and temperature records were set in the U.S. state of Washington. Two deaths have been attributed to this flood. One person died in Portland. | 2023-12-06T02:28:28Z | 2023-12-18T20:57:35Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Pacific_Northwest_floods |
75,495,444 | Richardson Henderson | Richardson Henderson was a grandson of musician Joseph Richardson, who invented the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band from musical stones on the mountain of Skiddaw in Cumbria.
Born at Great Broughton near Cockermouth on 5 February 1855, he was the eleventh of fifteen children born to James Henderson and Ann Richardson, the eldest child of Joseph Richardson. He went to Brigham School at Great Broughton and was interested in music from an early age, going on to become a "Tuner and Teacher of Music" at his parent's house in Keswick after finishing his schooling.
After marrying Anne Haigh, a daughter of a wealthy colliery owner from Honley, Yorkshire, Henderson set up a music store in Keswick where he sold musical instruments and sheet music. Upon the death of his uncle, Samuel Richardson, in 1888, he inherited the instruments of the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band, the stones of which had been constructed of hornfels from Skiddaw. Samuel Richardson had been one of the three performers on the instrument between the years 1840 to 1852, when he toured with his father and two brothers up and down the length and breadth of the UK, as well as to several of the great musical capitals of Europe. They achieved great fame and even performed at Buckingham Palace before Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
In 1889 Henderson tried to resurrect the former fortunes of the instrument and teamed up with a musical friend and his young son, known as Tangye and Son. They gave a concert at the Oddfellows' Hall, Keswick, on 16 July 1889, on the occasion of Henderson's youngest sister's wedding, and they were sufficiently encouraged by the response that, after a period of practice, they arranged to hold two further concerts, this time for the general public, at the Drill Hall in Southey Street, Keswick, on 7–8 November 1889. The English Lakes Visitor newspaper advertised the concerts the week before, reporting that:
"Mr. Richardson Henderson, who has become possessor of the original instrument known as the "Rock, Bell, and Steel Band," made and invented by his grandfather, the late Mr. Richardson, has determined to re-introduce it to public favour, and will be accompanied in a provincial tour by Messrs. Tangye and Son." "The Original Rock, Bell, and Steel Band and Diorama of the English Lakes, at the Drill Hall, Southey Street, Keswick, for two nights, Nov. 7th and 8th , at 8 o'clock."
The concerts were reasonably successful, and a further series of concerts was arranged almost immediately, to take place in the towns of Cockermouth, Workington, Maryport, Whitehaven, Carnforth, Lancaster, Fleetwood and Lytham St. Annes. Henderson commissioned a diorama of Lakeland scenes from a noted local artist, Joseph Barnes, and these formed a backdrop to the concerts.
However, the further concerts were not a success. A newspaper report after the Workington concert read:
"There was a wretchedly poor audience. Mr. Richardson Henderson is a gentleman who has sallied forth on a mission to unfold the artistic and musical beauties of Cumberland, and he practically opened his campaign against the ignorant in Workington on Tuesday evening. There was, in fact, a most wretched audience. This I may explain to Mr. Henderson is our usual method of putting our hall mark of merit on any entertainment".
The other concerts were not much less disastrous, and Henderson decided to cut his losses and abandon the entire project, at great personal expense. The Rock, Bell, and Steel Band instrument was then shut away in a back room of Henderson's shop. In 1917 Henderson moved with his wife to Scotland and he offered the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band to the Keswick Museum. It was Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley, one of the founders of the National Trust, who accepted the offer and received the donation on behalf of the museum trustees. It was reported at the time that:
"Mr. R. Henderson, Keswick, offered the trustees the set of five octaves of musical stones, collected by Richardson, of Keswick, early in last century. The offer was accepted."
Richardson Henderson died on Christmas Day 1930 at his son's house at Kingsway Penwortham, near Preston, Lancashire. His wife had predeceased him just sixty days earlier at Edinburgh, and they were both buried together in the churchyard at St. John's, Keswick, together with two infant daughters who they had lost many years earlier. The massive lithophone which he donated to the Keswick Museum and Art Gallery is still on display there today. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Richardson Henderson was a grandson of musician Joseph Richardson, who invented the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band from musical stones on the mountain of Skiddaw in Cumbria.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born at Great Broughton near Cockermouth on 5 February 1855, he was the eleventh of fifteen children born to James Henderson and Ann Richardson, the eldest child of Joseph Richardson. He went to Brigham School at Great Broughton and was interested in music from an early age, going on to become a \"Tuner and Teacher of Music\" at his parent's house in Keswick after finishing his schooling.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After marrying Anne Haigh, a daughter of a wealthy colliery owner from Honley, Yorkshire, Henderson set up a music store in Keswick where he sold musical instruments and sheet music. Upon the death of his uncle, Samuel Richardson, in 1888, he inherited the instruments of the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band, the stones of which had been constructed of hornfels from Skiddaw. Samuel Richardson had been one of the three performers on the instrument between the years 1840 to 1852, when he toured with his father and two brothers up and down the length and breadth of the UK, as well as to several of the great musical capitals of Europe. They achieved great fame and even performed at Buckingham Palace before Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1889 Henderson tried to resurrect the former fortunes of the instrument and teamed up with a musical friend and his young son, known as Tangye and Son. They gave a concert at the Oddfellows' Hall, Keswick, on 16 July 1889, on the occasion of Henderson's youngest sister's wedding, and they were sufficiently encouraged by the response that, after a period of practice, they arranged to hold two further concerts, this time for the general public, at the Drill Hall in Southey Street, Keswick, on 7–8 November 1889. The English Lakes Visitor newspaper advertised the concerts the week before, reporting that:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "\"Mr. Richardson Henderson, who has become possessor of the original instrument known as the \"Rock, Bell, and Steel Band,\" made and invented by his grandfather, the late Mr. Richardson, has determined to re-introduce it to public favour, and will be accompanied in a provincial tour by Messrs. Tangye and Son.\" \"The Original Rock, Bell, and Steel Band and Diorama of the English Lakes, at the Drill Hall, Southey Street, Keswick, for two nights, Nov. 7th and 8th , at 8 o'clock.\"",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The concerts were reasonably successful, and a further series of concerts was arranged almost immediately, to take place in the towns of Cockermouth, Workington, Maryport, Whitehaven, Carnforth, Lancaster, Fleetwood and Lytham St. Annes. Henderson commissioned a diorama of Lakeland scenes from a noted local artist, Joseph Barnes, and these formed a backdrop to the concerts.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "However, the further concerts were not a success. A newspaper report after the Workington concert read:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "\"There was a wretchedly poor audience. Mr. Richardson Henderson is a gentleman who has sallied forth on a mission to unfold the artistic and musical beauties of Cumberland, and he practically opened his campaign against the ignorant in Workington on Tuesday evening. There was, in fact, a most wretched audience. This I may explain to Mr. Henderson is our usual method of putting our hall mark of merit on any entertainment\".",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The other concerts were not much less disastrous, and Henderson decided to cut his losses and abandon the entire project, at great personal expense. The Rock, Bell, and Steel Band instrument was then shut away in a back room of Henderson's shop. In 1917 Henderson moved with his wife to Scotland and he offered the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band to the Keswick Museum. It was Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley, one of the founders of the National Trust, who accepted the offer and received the donation on behalf of the museum trustees. It was reported at the time that:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "\"Mr. R. Henderson, Keswick, offered the trustees the set of five octaves of musical stones, collected by Richardson, of Keswick, early in last century. The offer was accepted.\"",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Richardson Henderson died on Christmas Day 1930 at his son's house at Kingsway Penwortham, near Preston, Lancashire. His wife had predeceased him just sixty days earlier at Edinburgh, and they were both buried together in the churchyard at St. John's, Keswick, together with two infant daughters who they had lost many years earlier. The massive lithophone which he donated to the Keswick Museum and Art Gallery is still on display there today.",
"title": ""
}
] | Richardson Henderson was a grandson of musician Joseph Richardson, who invented the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band from musical stones on the mountain of Skiddaw in Cumbria. Born at Great Broughton near Cockermouth on 5 February 1855, he was the eleventh of fifteen children born to James Henderson and Ann Richardson, the eldest child of Joseph Richardson. He went to Brigham School at Great Broughton and was interested in music from an early age, going on to become a "Tuner and Teacher of Music" at his parent's house in Keswick after finishing his schooling. After marrying Anne Haigh, a daughter of a wealthy colliery owner from Honley, Yorkshire, Henderson set up a music store in Keswick where he sold musical instruments and sheet music. Upon the death of his uncle, Samuel Richardson, in 1888, he inherited the instruments of the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band, the stones of which had been constructed of hornfels from Skiddaw. Samuel Richardson had been one of the three performers on the instrument between the years 1840 to 1852, when he toured with his father and two brothers up and down the length and breadth of the UK, as well as to several of the great musical capitals of Europe. They achieved great fame and even performed at Buckingham Palace before Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. In 1889 Henderson tried to resurrect the former fortunes of the instrument and teamed up with a musical friend and his young son, known as Tangye and Son. They gave a concert at the Oddfellows' Hall, Keswick, on 16 July 1889, on the occasion of Henderson's youngest sister's wedding, and they were sufficiently encouraged by the response that, after a period of practice, they arranged to hold two further concerts, this time for the general public, at the Drill Hall in Southey Street, Keswick, on 7–8 November 1889. The English Lakes Visitor newspaper advertised the concerts the week before, reporting that: The concerts were reasonably successful, and a further series of concerts was arranged almost immediately, to take place in the towns of Cockermouth, Workington, Maryport, Whitehaven, Carnforth, Lancaster, Fleetwood and Lytham St. Annes. Henderson commissioned a diorama of Lakeland scenes from a noted local artist, Joseph Barnes, and these formed a backdrop to the concerts. However, the further concerts were not a success. A newspaper report after the Workington concert read: The other concerts were not much less disastrous, and Henderson decided to cut his losses and abandon the entire project, at great personal expense. The Rock, Bell, and Steel Band instrument was then shut away in a back room of Henderson's shop. In 1917 Henderson moved with his wife to Scotland and he offered the Rock, Bell, and Steel Band to the Keswick Museum. It was Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley, one of the founders of the National Trust, who accepted the offer and received the donation on behalf of the museum trustees. It was reported at the time that: Richardson Henderson died on Christmas Day 1930 at his son's house at Kingsway Penwortham, near Preston, Lancashire. His wife had predeceased him just sixty days earlier at Edinburgh, and they were both buried together in the churchyard at St. John's, Keswick, together with two infant daughters who they had lost many years earlier. The massive lithophone which he donated to the Keswick Museum and Art Gallery is still on display there today. | 2023-12-06T02:31:27Z | 2023-12-27T17:30:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson_Henderson |
75,495,448 | McKenny Clarke | McKenny Clarke (born 5 June 2003) is a West Indies cricketer.
In December 2021, he was named in the West Indies squad for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his List A debut playing for the West Indies Academy against Leeward Islands on 29 October 2022 during the 2022–23 Super50 Cup.
He made his first-class debut on 26 April 2023 playing for West Indies Academy against Team Weekes during the 2023 Headley Weekes Tri-Series. He was signed by Saint Lucia Kings for the 2023 Caribbean Premier League season. He eventually made his T20 debut during the 2023 season in a league stage match against the Trinbago Knight Riders on 26 August 2023.
In November 2023, he was named in the West Indies Academy squad to face Emerging Ireland side in List A and first-class series. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "McKenny Clarke (born 5 June 2003) is a West Indies cricketer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In December 2021, he was named in the West Indies squad for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his List A debut playing for the West Indies Academy against Leeward Islands on 29 October 2022 during the 2022–23 Super50 Cup.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He made his first-class debut on 26 April 2023 playing for West Indies Academy against Team Weekes during the 2023 Headley Weekes Tri-Series. He was signed by Saint Lucia Kings for the 2023 Caribbean Premier League season. He eventually made his T20 debut during the 2023 season in a league stage match against the Trinbago Knight Riders on 26 August 2023.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In November 2023, he was named in the West Indies Academy squad to face Emerging Ireland side in List A and first-class series.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | McKenny Clarke is a West Indies cricketer. | 2023-12-06T02:32:33Z | 2023-12-06T02:36:34Z | [
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75,495,466 | Elephant execution in the United States | Elephant execution in the United States, sometimes elephant lynching, was the killing of an elephant in order to punish it for behaviors that have inconvenienced, threatened, injured, or killed humans. Elephant execution is distinct from both elephant euthanasia (in which the animal is ill or otherwise incapacitated) and from killing an elephant that is in the midst of an ongoing attack or "rampage." Elephant execution is a ritual process with a pseudo-legal or performative aspect. Documenting the execution or the body with film or still photos was not uncommon.
Elephant executions occurred most frequently in the United States during the carnival-circus era of roughly 1850 to 1950; at least 36 elephants were executed between the 1880s and the 1920s. During this era, elephant behavior was often explained anthropomorphically, and thus granted a moral dimension wherein their actions were "good" or "bad."
American animal trainers had little understanding of or experience with elephant musth, a period of late adolescence when juvenile bull elephants begin to transition hormonally and behaviorally to adulthood. The consequences of this ignorance were reliably disastrous: for example, in Mississippi in March 1869 during a phase now recognized as musth, a bull elephant named Hercules became enraged, broke his chains, charged a freight train, and succeeded in derailing the locomotive (at the expense of one of his tusks). The locomotive then crashed into the lion cage, killing the female and releasing the male. (The fate of Hercules himself is unclear.) In the mind of the animal trainer or carnival owner of the era, a bull elephant was "an unruly brute…who required frequent punishment, without which he would become completely uncontrollable and destroy what showmen built." Non-compliance with human commands was viewed as an elephant "trying to avoid work."
Execution of elephants was thus viewed as appropriate retribution for "criminal" behavior. There was a clear-cut parallel between elephant executions and the lynching of minorities that was both recognized at the time and remains a subject of scholarship today. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Elephant execution in the United States, sometimes elephant lynching, was the killing of an elephant in order to punish it for behaviors that have inconvenienced, threatened, injured, or killed humans. Elephant execution is distinct from both elephant euthanasia (in which the animal is ill or otherwise incapacitated) and from killing an elephant that is in the midst of an ongoing attack or \"rampage.\" Elephant execution is a ritual process with a pseudo-legal or performative aspect. Documenting the execution or the body with film or still photos was not uncommon.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Elephant executions occurred most frequently in the United States during the carnival-circus era of roughly 1850 to 1950; at least 36 elephants were executed between the 1880s and the 1920s. During this era, elephant behavior was often explained anthropomorphically, and thus granted a moral dimension wherein their actions were \"good\" or \"bad.\"",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "American animal trainers had little understanding of or experience with elephant musth, a period of late adolescence when juvenile bull elephants begin to transition hormonally and behaviorally to adulthood. The consequences of this ignorance were reliably disastrous: for example, in Mississippi in March 1869 during a phase now recognized as musth, a bull elephant named Hercules became enraged, broke his chains, charged a freight train, and succeeded in derailing the locomotive (at the expense of one of his tusks). The locomotive then crashed into the lion cage, killing the female and releasing the male. (The fate of Hercules himself is unclear.) In the mind of the animal trainer or carnival owner of the era, a bull elephant was \"an unruly brute…who required frequent punishment, without which he would become completely uncontrollable and destroy what showmen built.\" Non-compliance with human commands was viewed as an elephant \"trying to avoid work.\"",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Execution of elephants was thus viewed as appropriate retribution for \"criminal\" behavior. There was a clear-cut parallel between elephant executions and the lynching of minorities that was both recognized at the time and remains a subject of scholarship today.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Elephant execution in the United States, sometimes elephant lynching, was the killing of an elephant in order to punish it for behaviors that have inconvenienced, threatened, injured, or killed humans. Elephant execution is distinct from both elephant euthanasia and from killing an elephant that is in the midst of an ongoing attack or "rampage." Elephant execution is a ritual process with a pseudo-legal or performative aspect. Documenting the execution or the body with film or still photos was not uncommon. | 2023-12-06T02:35:40Z | 2023-12-06T17:19:32Z | [
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75,495,477 | C.D. San Antonio Bulo Bulo | Club Deportivo San Antonio Bulo Bulo is a Bolivian football club based in Entre Ríos, Cochabamba. Founded in 1962, they play in Primera División.
Founded on 31 October 1962, San Antonio won their first title in the Primera A AFC only in 2021. They first appeared in the Copa Simón Bolívar in that year, being knocked out in the quarterfinals by García Agreda.
After winning the Primera A title again in 2022, the club qualified to the 2023 Copa Simón Bolívar. In that competition, they reached the finals, facing GV San José, but lost the title on penalties. Six days after losing the title, however, they achieved promotion to the Primera División for the first time ever, after winning the promotion/relegation play-offs against Libertad Gran Mamoré. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Club Deportivo San Antonio Bulo Bulo is a Bolivian football club based in Entre Ríos, Cochabamba. Founded in 1962, they play in Primera División.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Founded on 31 October 1962, San Antonio won their first title in the Primera A AFC only in 2021. They first appeared in the Copa Simón Bolívar in that year, being knocked out in the quarterfinals by García Agreda.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After winning the Primera A title again in 2022, the club qualified to the 2023 Copa Simón Bolívar. In that competition, they reached the finals, facing GV San José, but lost the title on penalties. Six days after losing the title, however, they achieved promotion to the Primera División for the first time ever, after winning the promotion/relegation play-offs against Libertad Gran Mamoré.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Club Deportivo San Antonio Bulo Bulo is a Bolivian football club based in Entre Ríos, Cochabamba. Founded in 1962, they play in Primera División. | 2023-12-06T02:38:06Z | 2023-12-27T20:26:04Z | [
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75,495,515 | Mouse in the Palace | Mouse in the Palace (Hungarian: Egér a palotában) is a 1943 Hungarian comedy film directed by Emil Martonffi and starring Margit Makay, Gábor Rajnay and Romola Németh. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art directors István Básthy and Sándor Iliszi. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mouse in the Palace (Hungarian: Egér a palotában) is a 1943 Hungarian comedy film directed by Emil Martonffi and starring Margit Makay, Gábor Rajnay and Romola Németh. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art directors István Básthy and Sándor Iliszi.",
"title": ""
}
] | Mouse in the Palace is a 1943 Hungarian comedy film directed by Emil Martonffi and starring Margit Makay, Gábor Rajnay and Romola Németh. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art directors István Básthy and Sándor Iliszi. | 2023-12-06T02:44:05Z | 2023-12-29T01:44:37Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_in_the_Palace |
75,495,522 | Khun Pan 3 | Khun Pan 3 (Thai: ขุนพันธ์ 3 ตอน วันพิพากษา, lit: "Khun Pan 3: Judgment Day") it is a Thai action fantasy thriller film from Sahamongkol Film International that was released on March 1, 2023, directed and written by Kongkiat Khomsiri, who was the director from the first and the second episodes.
It is the third and final installment in the Khun Pan Trilogy, preceded by Khun Pan (2016) and Khun Pan 2 (2013).
Set in 1950, the story is adapted from a real contemporary event when Field Marshal P. Phibunsongkhram, then prime minister had the idea of moving the capital from Bangkok to Phetchabun. Including the assassination of four opposition politicians, the movie has Khun Pan involved as well.
Even though this movie series has ended, in mid-credits scene there are still hints that there might be a spin-off of Captain Tatthep. When the final scene shows him surviving and became a successful rising politician. He was attacked by an evil spirit and changed into an evil person and was signing some documents on the desk.
At the end of March, the month of release. It grossed 120 million baht nationwide, making it the first Thai film of the year to gross more than 100 million baht. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Khun Pan 3 (Thai: ขุนพันธ์ 3 ตอน วันพิพากษา, lit: \"Khun Pan 3: Judgment Day\") it is a Thai action fantasy thriller film from Sahamongkol Film International that was released on March 1, 2023, directed and written by Kongkiat Khomsiri, who was the director from the first and the second episodes.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It is the third and final installment in the Khun Pan Trilogy, preceded by Khun Pan (2016) and Khun Pan 2 (2013).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Set in 1950, the story is adapted from a real contemporary event when Field Marshal P. Phibunsongkhram, then prime minister had the idea of moving the capital from Bangkok to Phetchabun. Including the assassination of four opposition politicians, the movie has Khun Pan involved as well.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Even though this movie series has ended, in mid-credits scene there are still hints that there might be a spin-off of Captain Tatthep. When the final scene shows him surviving and became a successful rising politician. He was attacked by an evil spirit and changed into an evil person and was signing some documents on the desk.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "At the end of March, the month of release. It grossed 120 million baht nationwide, making it the first Thai film of the year to gross more than 100 million baht.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Khun Pan 3 it is a Thai action fantasy thriller film from Sahamongkol Film International that was released on March 1, 2023, directed and written by Kongkiat Khomsiri, who was the director from the first and the second episodes. It is the third and final installment in the Khun Pan Trilogy, preceded by Khun Pan (2016) and Khun Pan 2 (2013). Set in 1950, the story is adapted from a real contemporary event when Field Marshal P. Phibunsongkhram, then prime minister had the idea of moving the capital from Bangkok to Phetchabun. Including the assassination of four opposition politicians, the movie has Khun Pan involved as well. Even though this movie series has ended, in mid-credits scene there are still hints that there might be a spin-off of Captain Tatthep. When the final scene shows him surviving and became a successful rising politician. He was attacked by an evil spirit and changed into an evil person and was signing some documents on the desk. | 2023-12-06T02:44:57Z | 2023-12-07T00:40:47Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khun_Pan_3 |
75,495,537 | Martin Knight (rugby union) | Martin Knight (8 May 1955 — 25 February 1984) was an Australian rugby union international.
Born in Cheshire, England, but raised in Sydney, Knight was an inside centre, strong in both attack and defence. He came through the juniors at Parramatta and was a member of the club's 1977 first-grade premiership team, scoring a try in the grand final success over Randwick. His three Wallabies caps all came in 1978, two Tests against Wales at home and then a Bledisloe Cup match in Wellington. He never received state representative honours.
Knight was diagnosed with leukaemia in 1979 and died of the illness five years later at Westmead Hospital, aged 28. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Martin Knight (8 May 1955 — 25 February 1984) was an Australian rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Cheshire, England, but raised in Sydney, Knight was an inside centre, strong in both attack and defence. He came through the juniors at Parramatta and was a member of the club's 1977 first-grade premiership team, scoring a try in the grand final success over Randwick. His three Wallabies caps all came in 1978, two Tests against Wales at home and then a Bledisloe Cup match in Wellington. He never received state representative honours.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Knight was diagnosed with leukaemia in 1979 and died of the illness five years later at Westmead Hospital, aged 28.",
"title": ""
}
] | Martin Knight was an Australian rugby union international. Born in Cheshire, England, but raised in Sydney, Knight was an inside centre, strong in both attack and defence. He came through the juniors at Parramatta and was a member of the club's 1977 first-grade premiership team, scoring a try in the grand final success over Randwick. His three Wallabies caps all came in 1978, two Tests against Wales at home and then a Bledisloe Cup match in Wellington. He never received state representative honours. Knight was diagnosed with leukaemia in 1979 and died of the illness five years later at Westmead Hospital, aged 28. | 2023-12-06T02:47:52Z | 2023-12-27T01:03:07Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Knight_(rugby_union) |
75,495,547 | Samina Naz | Samina Naz is a Bangladeshi diplomat and ambassador of Bangladesh to Egypt. She is the former ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam and Laos. She is the former Deputy High Commissioner of Bangladesh to India.
Naz did his bachelors and masters in international relations from the University of Dhaka.
Naz joined the foreign service cadre of Bangladesh Civil Service in 1995.
Naz is the former Deputy High Commissioner of Bangladesh to India based in Mumbai. She was promoted in July 2014. In July 2017, she was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam.
In July 2023, Naz was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Egypt. She replaced ambassador Md. Monirul Islam in Egypt. Before that, she served as the ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam and Laos. In Vietnam she wrote to the government of Bangladesh on Bangladeshis being trafficked to Vietnam. Md Lutfor Rahman was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam to replace Naz. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Samina Naz is a Bangladeshi diplomat and ambassador of Bangladesh to Egypt. She is the former ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam and Laos. She is the former Deputy High Commissioner of Bangladesh to India.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Naz did his bachelors and masters in international relations from the University of Dhaka.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Naz joined the foreign service cadre of Bangladesh Civil Service in 1995.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Naz is the former Deputy High Commissioner of Bangladesh to India based in Mumbai. She was promoted in July 2014. In July 2017, she was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In July 2023, Naz was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Egypt. She replaced ambassador Md. Monirul Islam in Egypt. Before that, she served as the ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam and Laos. In Vietnam she wrote to the government of Bangladesh on Bangladeshis being trafficked to Vietnam. Md Lutfor Rahman was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam to replace Naz.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Samina Naz is a Bangladeshi diplomat and ambassador of Bangladesh to Egypt. She is the former ambassador of Bangladesh to Vietnam and Laos. She is the former Deputy High Commissioner of Bangladesh to India. | 2023-12-06T02:50:10Z | 2023-12-06T10:35:33Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samina_Naz |
75,495,548 | West Point Treatment Plant | The West Point Treatment Plant is a large wastewater treatment plant in Seattle. It is located in the Magnolia neighborhood, within Discovery Park. It is at the tip of West Point, near the West Point Lighthouse. The plant opened in 1966. It treats wastewater from the city of Seattle and other nearby communities. In 2017, the plant suffered a catastrophic flood that disabled it for months.
Before the plant was built, raw sewage flowed directly into the Puget Sound. The visibly polluted water often led to beach closures. Communities surrounding Seattle dumped wastewater into Lake Washington, contaminating it as well. Planning for the treatment plant began in 1958, and construction began in 1962. The plant opened in 1966, providing primary treatment. Secondary treatment was added in 1996 to meet federal Clean Water Act requirements.
West Point serves Seattle, Shoreline, and other surrounding areas of King County and Snohomish County. It serves combined sewer systems, which contain both wastewater and stormwater. Upgrades are underway to strengthen this system against greater storms due to climate change. The system currently treats approximately 90 million U.S. gallons (340 million liters) per day during dry conditions and over 300 million U.S. gallons (1,100 million liters) per day during wet conditions. Primary treatment is possible for flows up to 440 million U.S. gallons (1,700 million liters) per day.
The plant begins with basic filtration and primary treatment. Secondary treatment consists of aeration tanks and clarifier tanks. Water is disinfected with hypochlorite before it is released into the Puget Sound.
Solids are thickened and anaerobically digested. Gas from the process is burned for electricity to power the plant, and is sold as natural gas. The remaining solids are sold as nutrient-rich Loop biosolids, which are used for agriculture and habitat restoration.
On February 9, 2017, the plant suffered from a massive flood. At about 2:12 AM, computer issues due to the flooding led to a massive discharge of wastewater directly into the Puget Sound. Over 180 million U.S. gallons (680 million liters) were released, including 30 million U.S. gallons (110 million liters) of sewage. While water quality was not severely affected, the flood devastated the plant. Many of the underground parts of the plant were flooded, requiring decontamination and costly repairs. Furthermore, the flood destroyed the microbial communities in the anaerobic digesters. This compromised treatment capabilities even after the flood. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The West Point Treatment Plant is a large wastewater treatment plant in Seattle. It is located in the Magnolia neighborhood, within Discovery Park. It is at the tip of West Point, near the West Point Lighthouse. The plant opened in 1966. It treats wastewater from the city of Seattle and other nearby communities. In 2017, the plant suffered a catastrophic flood that disabled it for months.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Before the plant was built, raw sewage flowed directly into the Puget Sound. The visibly polluted water often led to beach closures. Communities surrounding Seattle dumped wastewater into Lake Washington, contaminating it as well. Planning for the treatment plant began in 1958, and construction began in 1962. The plant opened in 1966, providing primary treatment. Secondary treatment was added in 1996 to meet federal Clean Water Act requirements.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "West Point serves Seattle, Shoreline, and other surrounding areas of King County and Snohomish County. It serves combined sewer systems, which contain both wastewater and stormwater. Upgrades are underway to strengthen this system against greater storms due to climate change. The system currently treats approximately 90 million U.S. gallons (340 million liters) per day during dry conditions and over 300 million U.S. gallons (1,100 million liters) per day during wet conditions. Primary treatment is possible for flows up to 440 million U.S. gallons (1,700 million liters) per day.",
"title": "Operation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The plant begins with basic filtration and primary treatment. Secondary treatment consists of aeration tanks and clarifier tanks. Water is disinfected with hypochlorite before it is released into the Puget Sound.",
"title": "Operation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Solids are thickened and anaerobically digested. Gas from the process is burned for electricity to power the plant, and is sold as natural gas. The remaining solids are sold as nutrient-rich Loop biosolids, which are used for agriculture and habitat restoration.",
"title": "Operation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On February 9, 2017, the plant suffered from a massive flood. At about 2:12 AM, computer issues due to the flooding led to a massive discharge of wastewater directly into the Puget Sound. Over 180 million U.S. gallons (680 million liters) were released, including 30 million U.S. gallons (110 million liters) of sewage. While water quality was not severely affected, the flood devastated the plant. Many of the underground parts of the plant were flooded, requiring decontamination and costly repairs. Furthermore, the flood destroyed the microbial communities in the anaerobic digesters. This compromised treatment capabilities even after the flood.",
"title": "2017 flood"
}
] | The West Point Treatment Plant is a large wastewater treatment plant in Seattle. It is located in the Magnolia neighborhood, within Discovery Park. It is at the tip of West Point, near the West Point Lighthouse. The plant opened in 1966. It treats wastewater from the city of Seattle and other nearby communities. In 2017, the plant suffered a catastrophic flood that disabled it for months. | 2023-12-06T02:50:11Z | 2023-12-07T06:28:25Z | [
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75,495,624 | Isaac P. Garrett | Isaac Price Garrett (August 4, 1844 – February 19, 1923) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County from 1881 to 1882 and from 1888 to 1889.
Isaac Price Garrett was born on August 4, 1844, in Stanton, Delaware, to Mary (née Haines) and Benjamin Garrett. He was named after his uncle. He was descended from William Garrett, a member of the Pennsylvania Colonial Assembly. At the age of five, he moved to Lansdowne, Pennsylvania, to live with his uncle. He attended Westtown Academy.
Garrett served as a member of the board of directors of Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania, for 23 years. He was president of the board of directors for 15 years. He was delegate to the Delaware County Republican Convention. He was supervisor of Upper Darby Township from 1876 to 1881. He was elected in a special election as a Republican to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County on October 27, 1881. He served from 1881 to 1882 and lost the election in 1882. He was elected again and served from 1888 to his resignation on December 1, 1889.
Garrett was a farmer until 1889. He was appointed as cashier of the United States Customs Service in Philadelphia in 1889. He served in that role until 1894. He then worked in insurance in Philadelphia until 1897. He was appointed postmaster of Lansdowne by President William McKinley on July 7, 1897. He was appointed again by President Theodore Roosevelt on January 13, 1902. He continued in the role until 1914 and served in the role again from 1921 to 1923. He was trustee of the Lansdowne Public Library from 1895 to his death, excluding one year.
Garrett married Sarah Emlen Bell, daughter of Chalkley Bell, of Bloomington, Illinois, on November 12, 1868. They had three children, Annie Emlen, Charles Taylor and Samuel Emlen.
Garrett died of pneumonia on February 19, 1923, at his 118 North Lansdowne Avenue home in Lansdowne. He was interred at Friends Southwestern Burial Ground in Upper Darby Township. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Isaac Price Garrett (August 4, 1844 – February 19, 1923) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County from 1881 to 1882 and from 1888 to 1889.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Isaac Price Garrett was born on August 4, 1844, in Stanton, Delaware, to Mary (née Haines) and Benjamin Garrett. He was named after his uncle. He was descended from William Garrett, a member of the Pennsylvania Colonial Assembly. At the age of five, he moved to Lansdowne, Pennsylvania, to live with his uncle. He attended Westtown Academy.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Garrett served as a member of the board of directors of Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania, for 23 years. He was president of the board of directors for 15 years. He was delegate to the Delaware County Republican Convention. He was supervisor of Upper Darby Township from 1876 to 1881. He was elected in a special election as a Republican to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County on October 27, 1881. He served from 1881 to 1882 and lost the election in 1882. He was elected again and served from 1888 to his resignation on December 1, 1889.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Garrett was a farmer until 1889. He was appointed as cashier of the United States Customs Service in Philadelphia in 1889. He served in that role until 1894. He then worked in insurance in Philadelphia until 1897. He was appointed postmaster of Lansdowne by President William McKinley on July 7, 1897. He was appointed again by President Theodore Roosevelt on January 13, 1902. He continued in the role until 1914 and served in the role again from 1921 to 1923. He was trustee of the Lansdowne Public Library from 1895 to his death, excluding one year.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Garrett married Sarah Emlen Bell, daughter of Chalkley Bell, of Bloomington, Illinois, on November 12, 1868. They had three children, Annie Emlen, Charles Taylor and Samuel Emlen.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Garrett died of pneumonia on February 19, 1923, at his 118 North Lansdowne Avenue home in Lansdowne. He was interred at Friends Southwestern Burial Ground in Upper Darby Township.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Isaac Price Garrett was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Delaware County from 1881 to 1882 and from 1888 to 1889. | 2023-12-06T03:03:05Z | 2023-12-21T02:32:38Z | [
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75,495,684 | Valentin Tubylov | Valentin Kuzmich Tubylov Russian: Валентин Кузьмич Тубылов; born November 13, 1935) is a Russian former politician who served as the Chairman of the State Council of the Udmurt Republic from 1992 to 1995. He was replaced by Alexander Volkov, who would go on to become Head of Udmurtia in November 2000.
Tubylov was born on November 13, 1935, in the village of Malaya Kibya in Mozhginsky District, then part of the Udmurt ASSR. He graduated from the Sarapul Agricultural College in 1962, and the Izhevsk Agricultural Institute in 1969.
He adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Udmurtia (September 20, 1990), the Constitution of the Udmurt Republic (December 7, 1994). Under his leadership, the transition from the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to the Udmurt Republic was undertaken.
From 1997 to 2009, he was the President of the Udmurt Kenesh, and since 1999, the newspaper "Gerd". in 2000, he stood against the exclusion of the word "sovereign" from the Constitution of the Udmurt Republic. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Valentin Kuzmich Tubylov Russian: Валентин Кузьмич Тубылов; born November 13, 1935) is a Russian former politician who served as the Chairman of the State Council of the Udmurt Republic from 1992 to 1995. He was replaced by Alexander Volkov, who would go on to become Head of Udmurtia in November 2000.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Tubylov was born on November 13, 1935, in the village of Malaya Kibya in Mozhginsky District, then part of the Udmurt ASSR. He graduated from the Sarapul Agricultural College in 1962, and the Izhevsk Agricultural Institute in 1969.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Udmurtia (September 20, 1990), the Constitution of the Udmurt Republic (December 7, 1994). Under his leadership, the transition from the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to the Udmurt Republic was undertaken.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "From 1997 to 2009, he was the President of the Udmurt Kenesh, and since 1999, the newspaper \"Gerd\". in 2000, he stood against the exclusion of the word \"sovereign\" from the Constitution of the Udmurt Republic.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Valentin Kuzmich Tubylov Russian: Валентин Кузьмич Тубылов; born November 13, 1935) is a Russian former politician who served as the Chairman of the State Council of the Udmurt Republic from 1992 to 1995. He was replaced by Alexander Volkov, who would go on to become Head of Udmurtia in November 2000. | 2023-12-06T03:17:11Z | 2023-12-21T13:20:49Z | [
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75,495,697 | 1949 NCAA gymnastics championships | The 1949 NCAA gymnastics championships were contested at the seventh annual NCAA-sanctioned gymnastics meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate gymnastics among its member programs in the United States.
These championships were contested at the Men's Gym at the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California.
Temple finished on top of the team standings, thus earning the Owls their first team gymnastics title.
The individual all-around championship was won by Joe Kotys from Kent State.
The 1949 program featured seven individual national championship events: | [
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] | The 1949 NCAA gymnastics championships were contested at the seventh annual NCAA-sanctioned gymnastics meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate gymnastics among its member programs in the United States. These championships were contested at the Men's Gym at the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California. Temple finished on top of the team standings, thus earning the Owls their first team gymnastics title. The individual all-around championship was won by Joe Kotys from Kent State. | 2023-12-06T03:19:26Z | 2023-12-06T03:19:26Z | [
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75,495,709 | Ibrahim Ag Inawalen | Ibrahim Ag Inawalen, nom de guerre Bana, was a Malian soldier and jihadist in Ansar Dine.
Ag Inawalen was born in Abeïbara, Kidal Region, Mali. He was a colonel in the Malian army until 2006, when he deserted.
When the Mali War began in 2012, Ag Inawalen joined Ansar Dine and became commander of the group in Aguelhok. In January of 2012, he took part in the Battle of Aguelhok and may have been responsible for the massacre of the Malian garrison. Ag Inawalen was also responsible for the stoning of a couple in the city who had conceived children outside of marriage.
In 2013, Ag Inawalen took part in the Battle of Tigharghar against French and Chadian forces. He then participated in negotiations with Mohamed Akotey in the release of four hostages from Arlit, and afterward Serge Lazarevic. Following the death of other jihadist leaders, Ag Inawalen became the second-in-command of Ansar Dine around 2014 to 2015.
Ag Inawalen was killed in a French airstrike the night between May 17 and 18, 2015. That night, he met with Abdelkrim al-Targui, a leader of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, in an area northeast of Kidal. The two jihadists and their two bodyguards were killed in the operation. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ibrahim Ag Inawalen, nom de guerre Bana, was a Malian soldier and jihadist in Ansar Dine.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ag Inawalen was born in Abeïbara, Kidal Region, Mali. He was a colonel in the Malian army until 2006, when he deserted.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "When the Mali War began in 2012, Ag Inawalen joined Ansar Dine and became commander of the group in Aguelhok. In January of 2012, he took part in the Battle of Aguelhok and may have been responsible for the massacre of the Malian garrison. Ag Inawalen was also responsible for the stoning of a couple in the city who had conceived children outside of marriage.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2013, Ag Inawalen took part in the Battle of Tigharghar against French and Chadian forces. He then participated in negotiations with Mohamed Akotey in the release of four hostages from Arlit, and afterward Serge Lazarevic. Following the death of other jihadist leaders, Ag Inawalen became the second-in-command of Ansar Dine around 2014 to 2015.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Ag Inawalen was killed in a French airstrike the night between May 17 and 18, 2015. That night, he met with Abdelkrim al-Targui, a leader of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, in an area northeast of Kidal. The two jihadists and their two bodyguards were killed in the operation.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Ibrahim Ag Inawalen, nom de guerre Bana, was a Malian soldier and jihadist in Ansar Dine. | 2023-12-06T03:21:37Z | 2023-12-13T02:55:03Z | [
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75,495,715 | Albano Franco | Albano do Prado Pimentel Franco (born August 22, 1940) is a Brazilian politician and jurist For Sergipe, he was governor and senator, both for two terms, as well as federal and state deputy | [
{
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"text": "Albano do Prado Pimentel Franco (born August 22, 1940) is a Brazilian politician and jurist For Sergipe, he was governor and senator, both for two terms, as well as federal and state deputy",
"title": ""
}
] | Albano do Prado Pimentel Franco is a Brazilian politician and jurist For Sergipe, he was governor and senator, both for two terms, as well as federal and state deputy | 2023-12-06T03:22:50Z | 2023-12-20T15:44:18Z | [
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75,495,758 | Steve Streeter | Stephen Frederick Streeter (born 2 March 1955) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Streeter, born in Bowral, attended Bowral High School and was a New South Wales schoolboy rugby league representative, not switching to rugby union until 1975. He was introduced to the sport at the Kiama Sevens.
A winger, Streeter represented his country for the first time in 1976 at the inaugural Hong Kong Sevens, where he scored the tournament's first ever try. He gained his only Wallabies cap on the 1978 tour of New Zealand, playing on the left wing in the first Bledisloe Cup match at Wellington. After losing his place for the next Test, he suffered a bad concussion in a tour match against Whanganui, which ended his tour. He was long-serving captain of New South Wales Country. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Stephen Frederick Streeter (born 2 March 1955) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Streeter, born in Bowral, attended Bowral High School and was a New South Wales schoolboy rugby league representative, not switching to rugby union until 1975. He was introduced to the sport at the Kiama Sevens.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A winger, Streeter represented his country for the first time in 1976 at the inaugural Hong Kong Sevens, where he scored the tournament's first ever try. He gained his only Wallabies cap on the 1978 tour of New Zealand, playing on the left wing in the first Bledisloe Cup match at Wellington. After losing his place for the next Test, he suffered a bad concussion in a tour match against Whanganui, which ended his tour. He was long-serving captain of New South Wales Country.",
"title": ""
}
] | Stephen Frederick Streeter is an Australian former rugby union international. Streeter, born in Bowral, attended Bowral High School and was a New South Wales schoolboy rugby league representative, not switching to rugby union until 1975. He was introduced to the sport at the Kiama Sevens. A winger, Streeter represented his country for the first time in 1976 at the inaugural Hong Kong Sevens, where he scored the tournament's first ever try. He gained his only Wallabies cap on the 1978 tour of New Zealand, playing on the left wing in the first Bledisloe Cup match at Wellington. After losing his place for the next Test, he suffered a bad concussion in a tour match against Whanganui, which ended his tour. He was long-serving captain of New South Wales Country. | 2023-12-06T03:33:03Z | 2023-12-08T08:46:39Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Streeter |
75,495,773 | Ambrosio Peñailillo | Brigadier General Ambrosio Peñailillo (11 January 1810 – 25 May 1883) was a Bolivian military officer who fought in the War of the Confederation and the Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1841–42. He was present at the Battle of Yungay and the Battle of Ingavi.
Born in the city of La Paz, Peñailillo was the son of Francisco Bernardo Peñailillo Arista and Martina Helena Heredia Albano. He spent his youth in his family's hacienda in Viacha.
He joined the army in 1828, attaining the rank of second lieutenant in 1830. When General Andrés de Santa Cruz organized his army to consolidate his proposed Peru-Bolivian Confederation, after intervening in Peruvian politics at the request of that republic, Peñailillo was already a second lieutenant and marched as part of the famous fourth battalion, Santa Cruz's favorite unit. In this unit, he built his career as a subordinate, earning laurels that honored his battalion's standard and also experiencing defeat on the fields of Yungay. As captain of one of the companies, a rank obtained shortly before Yungay, he is said to have heroically fought for the cause of the Confederation.
Upon returning to the country, Peñailillo was promoted to sergeant major on January 16, 1840, and assigned as the third in command of the 12th battalion, with which he fought at the Battle of Ingavi on November 18 of the same year. His heroism was rewarded by José Ballivián with an effective promotion to commander. Peñailillo participated in the five-month campaign in Peru, at the end of which he was promoted to graduated lieutenant colonel and assigned as the second in command of the 8th battalion, distinguishing himself for his rectitude and military severity.
Effective lieutenant colonel in September 1843 and graduated colonel in 1846, he was another military figure who participated in the political storms that began to intrigue and unsettle the country, undermining the stability of the government and the army from 1843 onwards. Surrounded and solicited by politicians, suffocated by the intrigue-filled atmosphere in which he lived, and influenced by those in power, Peñailillo succumbed to the suggestions of demagogues and supporters of General José Miguel de Velasco, the most popular leader of those years.
As a result, he joined the revolutionaries and became one of the leaders who, along with Manuel Isidoro Belzu, supported the uprising in La Paz, organizing an army of two thousand men which Belzu placed under Velasco's command. Once in the presidency, Velasco awarded him the rank of colonel in February 1848, entrusting him with the command of one of the army corps. Peñailillo, defended Velasco against Belzu, who had risen in arms driven by his ambition for power. He fought valiantly at the Battle of Yamparáez in December 1848, but the revolutionary forces triumphed.
Later summoned to the army by President Belzu, Peñailillo was elevated to the rank of brigadier general. It appears that he continued to serve during the time of Jorge Córdova. When Córdova fell in 1857, he withdrew from the ranks of the army and, consequently, from political intrigue.
Peñailillo died in La Paz on May 25, 1883. He had spent the rest of his life quietly, although highly critical of Hilarión Daza for his failed presidency. He is known to have married Suzana Bellot Esquivel. They had the following children: Ambrosio, Fernando, Juana, Clotilde, and Marcelo. Praised by his colleagues Peñailillo was described thus: "The old and meritorious General Ambrosio Peñailillo belongs to that phalanx of heroic military figures who sacrificed themselves to leave us examples of selflessness and patriotism, fighting to preserve Bolivia's independence". | [
{
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"text": "Brigadier General Ambrosio Peñailillo (11 January 1810 – 25 May 1883) was a Bolivian military officer who fought in the War of the Confederation and the Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1841–42. He was present at the Battle of Yungay and the Battle of Ingavi.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Born in the city of La Paz, Peñailillo was the son of Francisco Bernardo Peñailillo Arista and Martina Helena Heredia Albano. He spent his youth in his family's hacienda in Viacha.",
"title": "Early life and military career"
},
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"text": "He joined the army in 1828, attaining the rank of second lieutenant in 1830. When General Andrés de Santa Cruz organized his army to consolidate his proposed Peru-Bolivian Confederation, after intervening in Peruvian politics at the request of that republic, Peñailillo was already a second lieutenant and marched as part of the famous fourth battalion, Santa Cruz's favorite unit. In this unit, he built his career as a subordinate, earning laurels that honored his battalion's standard and also experiencing defeat on the fields of Yungay. As captain of one of the companies, a rank obtained shortly before Yungay, he is said to have heroically fought for the cause of the Confederation.",
"title": "Early life and military career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Upon returning to the country, Peñailillo was promoted to sergeant major on January 16, 1840, and assigned as the third in command of the 12th battalion, with which he fought at the Battle of Ingavi on November 18 of the same year. His heroism was rewarded by José Ballivián with an effective promotion to commander. Peñailillo participated in the five-month campaign in Peru, at the end of which he was promoted to graduated lieutenant colonel and assigned as the second in command of the 8th battalion, distinguishing himself for his rectitude and military severity.",
"title": "Return to Bolivia and Peruvian invasion"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Effective lieutenant colonel in September 1843 and graduated colonel in 1846, he was another military figure who participated in the political storms that began to intrigue and unsettle the country, undermining the stability of the government and the army from 1843 onwards. Surrounded and solicited by politicians, suffocated by the intrigue-filled atmosphere in which he lived, and influenced by those in power, Peñailillo succumbed to the suggestions of demagogues and supporters of General José Miguel de Velasco, the most popular leader of those years.",
"title": "Bolivian politics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As a result, he joined the revolutionaries and became one of the leaders who, along with Manuel Isidoro Belzu, supported the uprising in La Paz, organizing an army of two thousand men which Belzu placed under Velasco's command. Once in the presidency, Velasco awarded him the rank of colonel in February 1848, entrusting him with the command of one of the army corps. Peñailillo, defended Velasco against Belzu, who had risen in arms driven by his ambition for power. He fought valiantly at the Battle of Yamparáez in December 1848, but the revolutionary forces triumphed.",
"title": "Bolivian politics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Later summoned to the army by President Belzu, Peñailillo was elevated to the rank of brigadier general. It appears that he continued to serve during the time of Jorge Córdova. When Córdova fell in 1857, he withdrew from the ranks of the army and, consequently, from political intrigue.",
"title": "Final intrigues and retirement"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Peñailillo died in La Paz on May 25, 1883. He had spent the rest of his life quietly, although highly critical of Hilarión Daza for his failed presidency. He is known to have married Suzana Bellot Esquivel. They had the following children: Ambrosio, Fernando, Juana, Clotilde, and Marcelo. Praised by his colleagues Peñailillo was described thus: \"The old and meritorious General Ambrosio Peñailillo belongs to that phalanx of heroic military figures who sacrificed themselves to leave us examples of selflessness and patriotism, fighting to preserve Bolivia's independence\".",
"title": "Death and legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Brigadier General Ambrosio Peñailillo was a Bolivian military officer who fought in the War of the Confederation and the Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1841–42. He was present at the Battle of Yungay and the Battle of Ingavi. | 2023-12-06T03:36:16Z | 2023-12-09T17:25:43Z | [
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75,495,781 | Jaylen Harrell | Jaylen Davon Harrell (born May 1, 2002) is an American football defensive end for the Michigan Wolverines.
Harrell attended Berkeley Preparatory School in Tampa, Florida. During his high school career he had 317 tackles and 10 sacks. Harrell committed to the University of Michigan to play college football.
Harrell appeared in four games and had four tackles as a true freshman at Michigan in 2020. As a sophomore in 2021, he started three of 14 games at linebacker, recording 15 tackles. As a junior in 2022, he started 12 of 13 games, finishing the season with 30 tackles and 3.5 sacks. Harrell returned to Michigan as a starter his senior year in 2023.
His father, James Harrell, played in the NFL. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jaylen Davon Harrell (born May 1, 2002) is an American football defensive end for the Michigan Wolverines.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Harrell attended Berkeley Preparatory School in Tampa, Florida. During his high school career he had 317 tackles and 10 sacks. Harrell committed to the University of Michigan to play college football.",
"title": "High school career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Harrell appeared in four games and had four tackles as a true freshman at Michigan in 2020. As a sophomore in 2021, he started three of 14 games at linebacker, recording 15 tackles. As a junior in 2022, he started 12 of 13 games, finishing the season with 30 tackles and 3.5 sacks. Harrell returned to Michigan as a starter his senior year in 2023.",
"title": "College career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "His father, James Harrell, played in the NFL.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Jaylen Davon Harrell is an American football defensive end for the Michigan Wolverines. | 2023-12-06T03:37:40Z | 2023-12-30T01:44:00Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaylen_Harrell |
75,495,783 | Mohammad Omer Khalil | Mohammad Omer Khalil (born 1936) is a Sudanese-born artist living in New York City. Born in a neighborhood of Khartoum, Khalil later studied at the School of Fine and Applied Arts, where he taught after graduating. He moved to Italy to attend the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze where he studied painting, mosaics, painting frescos, and etching. He continued his studies in mosaics at the Academy of Fine Arts. Khalil moved back to Sudan where he briefly taught. He immigrated to the United States in 1967.
After moving to New York City, Khalil became an expert in printmaking and later opened a studio where his clients included Norman Lewis, Louise Nevelson, and Sean Scully. He began teaching at Pratt Institute in 1973, the first of many schools where he has taught. Khalil's works gained in popularity, especially in North American and Europe. His first solo exhibition took place in 1979. This was followed by decades of success and exhibitions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.
Mohammad Omer Khalil was born in 1936 in the Burri Almahas neighborhood of Khartoum, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (modern-day Sudan). After graduating from Khartoum's School of Fine and Applied Arts in 1959 where he studied under Greek artist Aristomenis Angelopoulos, he taught at the school for the next four years. Khalil moved to Italy to study painting and mosaics at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze (ABAF) in Florence. He was able to attend the academy due to receiving a scholarship from the Sudanese Ministry of Education. At ABAF, Kahlil studied fresco painting under Primo Conti. He also took classes in etching under Rodolfo Margheri. After graduating, he studied mosaics at the Academy of Fine Arts in Ravenna in 1966.
After leaving Italy, Kahlil briefly taught at the Khartoum Technical Institute in Sudan before immigrating to the United States in 1967, becoming an expert in printmaking. Khalil's works gained popularity, part of a new wave of African art that reached Europe and North America. In 1970, he opened a printing atelier, where he began printing editions for renowned artists, including Emma Amos, Romare Bearden, Jim Dine, Al Held, Norman Lewis, Louise Nevelson, and Sean Scully.
He taught etching at Pratt Institute starting in 1973, the first of several schools of higher learning where he has taught. Other schools include Columbia University, New York University, The New School and the Parsons School of Design. In addition to teaching at these schools, Khalil spent much time teaching in New York City at the Robert Blackburn Printmaking Workshop and the Asilah Printmaking Workshop in Asilah.
Khalil's travels throughout the Arab world and his time spent in Italy and New York City has greatly influenced his works. It was in Morocco where his first solo exhibition took place in 1979 at the Galerie Basamat in Casablanca. This was followed by solo exhibitions at The New School in 1981, New York City's Limited Art Editions in 1984. That same year he was part of group exhibitions at the El Paso Museum of Art, Texas Tacoma Art Museum, Washington Seventh Norwegian Print Biennial, and the African American Museum in Dallas.
In 1985, Khalil created a series of etchings called Homage to Miro, inspired by Joan Miró's distaste for conventional art. That same year he participated in group exhibitions at the International Triennial of Original Graphic Prints in Grenchen, Switzerland, the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio, and the Columbia Museum of Art in South Carolina. During the rest of the decade, Khalil's work was shown in Israel, Iraq, the United Kingdom, and Norway. Solo exhibitions during this time include ones at the Alif Gallery in Washington, D.C., the Eleini Gallery in London, and the Bronx Museum of the Arts in New York City.
Khalil is a fan of Bob Dylan's music and in 1986, created a seven-part series of etchings with aquatint prints inspired by Dylan's music. Describing the inspiration for these pieces, Khalil said "I listened to Dylan every day...at a point in my life [when] there was an empathy with the sadness and anger in Dylan's life and music." One of these prints, Tangled Up in Blue, was later purchased by the National Museum of African Art in Washington, D.C. Although the series was inspired by Dylan, they show scenes in Sudan, including one of Suakin.
Another series in 1989-1990 was inspired by Petra. Responding to these etchings, Sylvia Williams wrote: "When asked about the caves, [Khalil] commented that he wanted to convey the mystery and ambiguity of suggesting whether one is looking into darkness or looking out into light. Kahlil often speaks of light and dark as a series of positive and negative effects that he wants to capture. It seems to sum up not only his pictorial vocabulary but also his philosophy of life."
During the 1990s, Khalil's works were shown in group exhibitions at the International Monetary Fund Center in Washington, D.C., the Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art in New York and the Osaka Triennial of Prints in Osaka, where he won bronze prize. Solo exhibitions included ones at the Alif Gallery, Galerie Teinturerie and Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris, and the Al-Wasiti Gallery in Amman.
A major exhibition took place in 1994-1995 at the National Museum of African Art where Khalil's works, sculptures by Amir I.M. Nour, and "book art" by Atta Kwami were displayed. Describing Khalil's work in The Washington Post, a reporter said Khalil's artistic style "equally embraces America's Bob Dylan and Jordan's ruined Petra." Writing in the Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art, Robert Condon said Khalil and Nour's works "challenges all perceived notions of what abstraction connotes" and noted Khalil uses photographs on his etchings to give the appearance of paintings.
Inspired by Adunis, in 1999 Khalil created the Harlem series, which featured etchings of poems. He won first prize in printmaking in 2001 and 2003 at the National Academy of Design, and in 2003 at the International Bienneal in Cairo. His group exhibitions during the 2000s included ones at the Skoto Gallery in New York City, the Institute du Monde Arabe in Paris, the Kunsthalle Darmstadt in Darmstadt, the British Museum in London, the Arab American National Museum in Michigan, the Albareh Art Gallery in Bahrain, and the Virginia Commonwealth University - Qatar.
His solo exhibitions in the 2000s took place at the Rochan Gallery in Jeddah, the Skoto Gallery, the Hassan II Centre for International Encounters in Asilah, and the Albareh Art Gallery. This was followed by a group exhibition in 2010 at the Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art in Doha, and solo exhibitions at the Albareh Art Gallery, the Meem Gallery in Dubai, and the Aicon Gallery in New York City during the 2010s.
In the late 2010s and early 2020s, students from Fisk University restored eleven paintings, including Inno by Khalil. The works are part of a traveling exhibition, African Modernism in America, that is being held at various museums in the United States. Other artists represented in the exhibition include Skunder Boghossian, Ibrahim El-Salahi, Mohamed Melehi, Aimé Mpane, Pilipili Mulongoy, and Suzanna Ogunjami, among others. | [
{
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"text": "Mohammad Omer Khalil (born 1936) is a Sudanese-born artist living in New York City. Born in a neighborhood of Khartoum, Khalil later studied at the School of Fine and Applied Arts, where he taught after graduating. He moved to Italy to attend the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze where he studied painting, mosaics, painting frescos, and etching. He continued his studies in mosaics at the Academy of Fine Arts. Khalil moved back to Sudan where he briefly taught. He immigrated to the United States in 1967.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "After moving to New York City, Khalil became an expert in printmaking and later opened a studio where his clients included Norman Lewis, Louise Nevelson, and Sean Scully. He began teaching at Pratt Institute in 1973, the first of many schools where he has taught. Khalil's works gained in popularity, especially in North American and Europe. His first solo exhibition took place in 1979. This was followed by decades of success and exhibitions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Mohammad Omer Khalil was born in 1936 in the Burri Almahas neighborhood of Khartoum, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (modern-day Sudan). After graduating from Khartoum's School of Fine and Applied Arts in 1959 where he studied under Greek artist Aristomenis Angelopoulos, he taught at the school for the next four years. Khalil moved to Italy to study painting and mosaics at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze (ABAF) in Florence. He was able to attend the academy due to receiving a scholarship from the Sudanese Ministry of Education. At ABAF, Kahlil studied fresco painting under Primo Conti. He also took classes in etching under Rodolfo Margheri. After graduating, he studied mosaics at the Academy of Fine Arts in Ravenna in 1966.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After leaving Italy, Kahlil briefly taught at the Khartoum Technical Institute in Sudan before immigrating to the United States in 1967, becoming an expert in printmaking. Khalil's works gained popularity, part of a new wave of African art that reached Europe and North America. In 1970, he opened a printing atelier, where he began printing editions for renowned artists, including Emma Amos, Romare Bearden, Jim Dine, Al Held, Norman Lewis, Louise Nevelson, and Sean Scully.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He taught etching at Pratt Institute starting in 1973, the first of several schools of higher learning where he has taught. Other schools include Columbia University, New York University, The New School and the Parsons School of Design. In addition to teaching at these schools, Khalil spent much time teaching in New York City at the Robert Blackburn Printmaking Workshop and the Asilah Printmaking Workshop in Asilah.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Khalil's travels throughout the Arab world and his time spent in Italy and New York City has greatly influenced his works. It was in Morocco where his first solo exhibition took place in 1979 at the Galerie Basamat in Casablanca. This was followed by solo exhibitions at The New School in 1981, New York City's Limited Art Editions in 1984. That same year he was part of group exhibitions at the El Paso Museum of Art, Texas Tacoma Art Museum, Washington Seventh Norwegian Print Biennial, and the African American Museum in Dallas.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 1985, Khalil created a series of etchings called Homage to Miro, inspired by Joan Miró's distaste for conventional art. That same year he participated in group exhibitions at the International Triennial of Original Graphic Prints in Grenchen, Switzerland, the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio, and the Columbia Museum of Art in South Carolina. During the rest of the decade, Khalil's work was shown in Israel, Iraq, the United Kingdom, and Norway. Solo exhibitions during this time include ones at the Alif Gallery in Washington, D.C., the Eleini Gallery in London, and the Bronx Museum of the Arts in New York City.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Khalil is a fan of Bob Dylan's music and in 1986, created a seven-part series of etchings with aquatint prints inspired by Dylan's music. Describing the inspiration for these pieces, Khalil said \"I listened to Dylan every day...at a point in my life [when] there was an empathy with the sadness and anger in Dylan's life and music.\" One of these prints, Tangled Up in Blue, was later purchased by the National Museum of African Art in Washington, D.C. Although the series was inspired by Dylan, they show scenes in Sudan, including one of Suakin.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Another series in 1989-1990 was inspired by Petra. Responding to these etchings, Sylvia Williams wrote: \"When asked about the caves, [Khalil] commented that he wanted to convey the mystery and ambiguity of suggesting whether one is looking into darkness or looking out into light. Kahlil often speaks of light and dark as a series of positive and negative effects that he wants to capture. It seems to sum up not only his pictorial vocabulary but also his philosophy of life.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "During the 1990s, Khalil's works were shown in group exhibitions at the International Monetary Fund Center in Washington, D.C., the Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art in New York and the Osaka Triennial of Prints in Osaka, where he won bronze prize. Solo exhibitions included ones at the Alif Gallery, Galerie Teinturerie and Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris, and the Al-Wasiti Gallery in Amman.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "A major exhibition took place in 1994-1995 at the National Museum of African Art where Khalil's works, sculptures by Amir I.M. Nour, and \"book art\" by Atta Kwami were displayed. Describing Khalil's work in The Washington Post, a reporter said Khalil's artistic style \"equally embraces America's Bob Dylan and Jordan's ruined Petra.\" Writing in the Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art, Robert Condon said Khalil and Nour's works \"challenges all perceived notions of what abstraction connotes\" and noted Khalil uses photographs on his etchings to give the appearance of paintings.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Inspired by Adunis, in 1999 Khalil created the Harlem series, which featured etchings of poems. He won first prize in printmaking in 2001 and 2003 at the National Academy of Design, and in 2003 at the International Bienneal in Cairo. His group exhibitions during the 2000s included ones at the Skoto Gallery in New York City, the Institute du Monde Arabe in Paris, the Kunsthalle Darmstadt in Darmstadt, the British Museum in London, the Arab American National Museum in Michigan, the Albareh Art Gallery in Bahrain, and the Virginia Commonwealth University - Qatar.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "His solo exhibitions in the 2000s took place at the Rochan Gallery in Jeddah, the Skoto Gallery, the Hassan II Centre for International Encounters in Asilah, and the Albareh Art Gallery. This was followed by a group exhibition in 2010 at the Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art in Doha, and solo exhibitions at the Albareh Art Gallery, the Meem Gallery in Dubai, and the Aicon Gallery in New York City during the 2010s.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In the late 2010s and early 2020s, students from Fisk University restored eleven paintings, including Inno by Khalil. The works are part of a traveling exhibition, African Modernism in America, that is being held at various museums in the United States. Other artists represented in the exhibition include Skunder Boghossian, Ibrahim El-Salahi, Mohamed Melehi, Aimé Mpane, Pilipili Mulongoy, and Suzanna Ogunjami, among others.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Mohammad Omer Khalil is a Sudanese-born artist living in New York City. Born in a neighborhood of Khartoum, Khalil later studied at the School of Fine and Applied Arts, where he taught after graduating. He moved to Italy to attend the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze where he studied painting, mosaics, painting frescos, and etching. He continued his studies in mosaics at the Academy of Fine Arts. Khalil moved back to Sudan where he briefly taught. He immigrated to the United States in 1967. After moving to New York City, Khalil became an expert in printmaking and later opened a studio where his clients included Norman Lewis, Louise Nevelson, and Sean Scully. He began teaching at Pratt Institute in 1973, the first of many schools where he has taught. Khalil's works gained in popularity, especially in North American and Europe. His first solo exhibition took place in 1979. This was followed by decades of success and exhibitions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. | 2023-12-06T03:38:46Z | 2023-12-26T16:06:01Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Omer_Khalil |
75,495,787 | Venezuelan referendum | Venezuelan referendum may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Venezuelan referendum may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Venezuelan referendum may refer to: 1957 Venezuelan referendum
April 1999 Venezuelan constitutional referendum
December 1999 Venezuelan constitutional referendum
2000 Venezuelan trade union leadership referendum
2004 Venezuelan recall referendum
2007 Venezuelan constitutional referendum
2007 Venezuelan referendum protests
2009 Venezuelan constitutional referendum
2016 Venezuelan recall referendum project
2017 Venezuelan referendum
2023 Venezuelan referendum | 2023-12-06T03:40:08Z | 2023-12-06T10:23:13Z | [
"Template:Disambig"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_referendum |
75,495,818 | Tully Formation | The Tully Formation is a geologic unit in the Appalachian Basin. The Tully was deposited as a carbonate rich mud, in a shallow sea at the end of the Middle Devonian. Outcrops for the Tully are found in New York State and Pennsylvania. It is also found subsurface in western Maryland and northern West Virginia. A number of fossil remains from marine organisms maybe found in Tully out crops.
The Tully is primary made up of limestone. There there are also layers with much higher clay contend resulting in a calcareous shale. To the east the Tully becomes siliciclastic. This is due to sediments being washed in from the Acadian Mountains to the east. By the time the Tully was being deposited the Appalachian Basin had been nearly filled in that the Tully was deposited on a broad planform of rock. The Tully ranges in thickness to less than 1' in western New York to 70'+ thick in central Pennsylvania and 90'+ thick in southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia.
Tullypothyridina, Camarotoechia Mesocostale, Rhyssochonetes, Emanuella, Pseudoatrypa, Spinatrypa, Tylothyris, Mucrospirifer tulliensis, Cyrtina, Tullypothyridina, Echinocoelia, Strophodonta | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Tully Formation is a geologic unit in the Appalachian Basin. The Tully was deposited as a carbonate rich mud, in a shallow sea at the end of the Middle Devonian. Outcrops for the Tully are found in New York State and Pennsylvania. It is also found subsurface in western Maryland and northern West Virginia. A number of fossil remains from marine organisms maybe found in Tully out crops.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Tully is primary made up of limestone. There there are also layers with much higher clay contend resulting in a calcareous shale. To the east the Tully becomes siliciclastic. This is due to sediments being washed in from the Acadian Mountains to the east. By the time the Tully was being deposited the Appalachian Basin had been nearly filled in that the Tully was deposited on a broad planform of rock. The Tully ranges in thickness to less than 1' in western New York to 70'+ thick in central Pennsylvania and 90'+ thick in southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Tullypothyridina, Camarotoechia Mesocostale, Rhyssochonetes, Emanuella, Pseudoatrypa, Spinatrypa, Tylothyris, Mucrospirifer tulliensis, Cyrtina, Tullypothyridina, Echinocoelia, Strophodonta",
"title": "Fossils"
}
] | The Tully Formation is a geologic unit in the Appalachian Basin. The Tully was deposited as a carbonate rich mud, in a shallow sea at the end of the Middle Devonian. Outcrops for the Tully are found in New York State and Pennsylvania. It is also found subsurface in western Maryland and northern West Virginia. A number of fossil remains from marine organisms maybe found in Tully out crops. | 2023-12-06T03:47:24Z | 2023-12-22T05:59:45Z | [
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75,495,821 | Seringia adenogyna | Seringia adenogyna, commonly known as skinny-leaved fire-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy new growth, linear to narrowly oblong leaves and purple flowers usually in groups of 2 to 4.
Seringia adenogyna is an erect shrub that typically grows up to 0.2–0.4 m (7.9 in – 1 ft 3.7 in) high and 1 m (3 ft 3 in) wide, its young growth covered with woolly, star-shaped hairs. The leaves are linear to narrowly oblong, 5–40 mm (0.20–1.57 in) long and 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) wide on a petiole up to 4 mm (0.16 in) long, with narrow stipules 5 mm (0.20 in) long at the base. Both sides of the leaves are covered with star-shaped and glandular hairs, and the edges are rolled under. The flowers are purple, 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in) wide, borne in groups of 2 to 4 on a short peduncle each flower on a pedicel 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in) long with bracts up to 5 mm (0.20 in) long at the base. The sepals are 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) wide and fused for half their length. There are no petals, the staminodes are yellow, and the anthers are bright red, later purple. Flowering occurs from June to October.
Seringia adenogyna was first formally described in 2016 by Carolyn F. Wilkins in Australian Systematic Botany from specimens collected near the Norseman to Lake King Road in 2010. The specific epithet (adenogyna) refers to the glands on the immature ovary.
Skinny-leaved fire-bush grows in mallee, shrubland and heath in widely separated areas near Cape Riche, Ongerup, Hyden and Lake King in the Coolgardie, Mallee and Esperance Plains bioregions of south-western Western Australia.
The species has been listed as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Seringia adenogyna, commonly known as skinny-leaved fire-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy new growth, linear to narrowly oblong leaves and purple flowers usually in groups of 2 to 4.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Seringia adenogyna is an erect shrub that typically grows up to 0.2–0.4 m (7.9 in – 1 ft 3.7 in) high and 1 m (3 ft 3 in) wide, its young growth covered with woolly, star-shaped hairs. The leaves are linear to narrowly oblong, 5–40 mm (0.20–1.57 in) long and 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) wide on a petiole up to 4 mm (0.16 in) long, with narrow stipules 5 mm (0.20 in) long at the base. Both sides of the leaves are covered with star-shaped and glandular hairs, and the edges are rolled under. The flowers are purple, 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in) wide, borne in groups of 2 to 4 on a short peduncle each flower on a pedicel 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in) long with bracts up to 5 mm (0.20 in) long at the base. The sepals are 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) wide and fused for half their length. There are no petals, the staminodes are yellow, and the anthers are bright red, later purple. Flowering occurs from June to October.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Seringia adenogyna was first formally described in 2016 by Carolyn F. Wilkins in Australian Systematic Botany from specimens collected near the Norseman to Lake King Road in 2010. The specific epithet (adenogyna) refers to the glands on the immature ovary.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Skinny-leaved fire-bush grows in mallee, shrubland and heath in widely separated areas near Cape Riche, Ongerup, Hyden and Lake King in the Coolgardie, Mallee and Esperance Plains bioregions of south-western Western Australia.",
"title": "Distribution and habitat"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The species has been listed as \"Priority Three\" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.",
"title": "Conservation"
}
] | Seringia adenogyna, commonly known as skinny-leaved fire-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy new growth, linear to narrowly oblong leaves and purple flowers usually in groups of 2 to 4. | 2023-12-06T03:48:40Z | 2023-12-06T03:48:40Z | [
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75,495,856 | Ice Slippin | "Ice Slippin" is a song by American singer-songwriter Omar Apollo. It was released on 25 August 2023 through Warner Records. The song was inspired by Apollo's experience of coming out to his family.
"Ice Slippin" was Apollo's second single of 2023 and the first track from his EP Live For Me. Apollo first teased the song in May 2023, posting a snippet to his social media. Apollo explained that the song is about "reliving the thoughts I had passing through my mind the winter I came out to my family, receiving cold judgment as opposed to the acceptance I felt I deserved. This song is a reflection and reaction of all the emotions I had to face before and after I decided to leave the icy streets of Indiana."
Before the song's release, "Ice Slippin" was promoted with three life-size ice sculptures of Apollo, located in Los Angeles, New York and London.
The song was written and produced by Apollo and his frequent collaborator Teo Halm.
The New York duo Rubberband directed the song's music video. The video represents the "final millisecond of one's life", showing Apollo in an icy environment, cut with photos and home videos of his family and younger years.
The music video was short-listed for Best Music Video at the 2023 Ciclope Festival Awards.
Suzy Exposito of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "the song and video paint an evocative portrait of a young gay man who is pushed to make an impossible choice: to live as his most authentic self or to be part of a family he loves dearly." Robin Murray of Clash said, "Omar has a way with words that taps straight to the heart". Joshua Donovan of DNA noted, "His lyrics read like a reflective journal entry but also like a form of catharsis". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Ice Slippin\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Omar Apollo. It was released on 25 August 2023 through Warner Records. The song was inspired by Apollo's experience of coming out to his family.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "\"Ice Slippin\" was Apollo's second single of 2023 and the first track from his EP Live For Me. Apollo first teased the song in May 2023, posting a snippet to his social media. Apollo explained that the song is about \"reliving the thoughts I had passing through my mind the winter I came out to my family, receiving cold judgment as opposed to the acceptance I felt I deserved. This song is a reflection and reaction of all the emotions I had to face before and after I decided to leave the icy streets of Indiana.\"",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Before the song's release, \"Ice Slippin\" was promoted with three life-size ice sculptures of Apollo, located in Los Angeles, New York and London.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The song was written and produced by Apollo and his frequent collaborator Teo Halm.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The New York duo Rubberband directed the song's music video. The video represents the \"final millisecond of one's life\", showing Apollo in an icy environment, cut with photos and home videos of his family and younger years.",
"title": "Music video"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The music video was short-listed for Best Music Video at the 2023 Ciclope Festival Awards.",
"title": "Music video"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Suzy Exposito of the Los Angeles Times wrote, \"the song and video paint an evocative portrait of a young gay man who is pushed to make an impossible choice: to live as his most authentic self or to be part of a family he loves dearly.\" Robin Murray of Clash said, \"Omar has a way with words that taps straight to the heart\". Joshua Donovan of DNA noted, \"His lyrics read like a reflective journal entry but also like a form of catharsis\".",
"title": "Critical reception"
}
] | "Ice Slippin" is a song by American singer-songwriter Omar Apollo. It was released on 25 August 2023 through Warner Records. The song was inspired by Apollo's experience of coming out to his family. | 2023-12-06T03:56:37Z | 2023-12-29T13:46:54Z | [
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75,495,862 | Fındıklı Park | Fındıklı Park (Turkish: Fındıklı Parkı) is a park in Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fındıklı Park (Turkish: Fındıklı Parkı) is a park in Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Fındıklı Park is a park in Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey. | 2023-12-06T03:58:14Z | 2023-12-06T04:09:28Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C4%B1nd%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_Park |
75,495,865 | Sập | A sập is a type of traditional furniture used in Vietnam.
A sập is a low ornate platform that is often made out of wood. Some sập are decorated with lacquering technique known as khảm xà cừ (chữ Nôm: 坎𤥭璖). The platform has four stumped legs that support the main structure of the sập. The furniture is used as a place to sit or lay down. A mat is sometimes laid down for more comfort or during family meals on it.
High quality sập are highly valued in Vietnam. Nguyễn Văn Thưởng, an owner of a market, owns a sập valued to be around 1.5 billion đồng (approximately 61,783 dollars). The sập was made of high quality wood and was decorated with an elaborate design that includes the Four Holy Beasts. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "A sập is a type of traditional furniture used in Vietnam.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "A sập is a low ornate platform that is often made out of wood. Some sập are decorated with lacquering technique known as khảm xà cừ (chữ Nôm: 坎𤥭璖). The platform has four stumped legs that support the main structure of the sập. The furniture is used as a place to sit or lay down. A mat is sometimes laid down for more comfort or during family meals on it.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "High quality sập are highly valued in Vietnam. Nguyễn Văn Thưởng, an owner of a market, owns a sập valued to be around 1.5 billion đồng (approximately 61,783 dollars). The sập was made of high quality wood and was decorated with an elaborate design that includes the Four Holy Beasts.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | A sập is a type of traditional furniture used in Vietnam. | 2023-12-06T03:59:21Z | 2023-12-11T03:36:06Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BA%ADp |
75,495,873 | Battle of Villelongue | The Battle of Villelongue (7 and 18 December 1793) saw a Royal Spanish force from the army commanded by Antonio Ricardos attack a position held by a Republican French force from the army led by François Amédée Doppet. Spanish and French attack columns passed each other in the night without detecting each other. On 7 December, the Spanish attack on Villelongue-dels-Monts was delivered first and was completely successful, causing the French soldiers to flee. On 18 December, in order to cover a planned withdrawal, Doppet ordered an attack on the Portuguese garrison at Villelongue. Eustache Charles d'Aoust carried out the operation and overwhelmed the Portuguese. However, two days later, the French army was disastrously defeated at the Battle of Collioure and had to beat a hasty retreat to Perpignan.
The representatives-on-mission controlled the operations of the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees to a greater degree than any other army of Republican France. Historian Ramsay Weston Phipps proposed that it was because there were so few regular army units and because the representatives were natives of the area. Representative Raymond Gaston insisted, "I alone should command here, and I shall be obeyed". Another representative, Claude Dominique Côme Fabre imported 100 Jacobins from Paris as political agents into the army where they spread indiscipline and disorder. The army also suffered from the fact that supplies properly belonging to it were diverted to the Army of the Alps or the Army of Italy. Consequently, the soldiers were badly fed and clothed, the horses were starving, and many of the men's muskets were in poor working order.
On 9 March 1793, the First French Republic declared war on the Kingdom of Spain. On 17 April, Antonio Ricardos' Spanish army invaded France and captured Céret in the Tech River valley. On 20 May, Ricardos defeated a French force at the Battle of Mas Deu. In the Siege of Bellegarde, the Spanish army took several weeks to reduce the fortress. On 17 July, Louis-Charles de Flers successfully fended off Ricardos' attack in the Battle of Perpignan. Despite this, the representatives-on-mission sacked Flers on 7 August and selected Hilarion Paul Puget de Barbantane to replace him. Flers was guillotined during the Reign of Terror.
Ricardos constructed four entrenched camps around Perpignan, the most threatening one being to the northwest of the city at Peyrestortes. Barbantane panicked and cravenly abandoned the army, leaving it leaderless. In the Battle of Peyrestortes on 17 September 1793, Eustache Charles d'Aoust leading troops from Perpignan and Jacques Gilles Henri Goguet directing the division at Salses-le-Château managed to execute a converging attack, driving the Spanish from their camp. Soon after, Luc Siméon Auguste Dagobert appeared with the Cerdagne division and assumed command of the army. On 22 September, Dagobert's army suffered a defeat in the Battle of Truillas. Though victorious, Ricardos retreated to the Tech valley where his soldiers built a fortified camp at Le Boulou. Shortly afterward, Dagobert quarreled with the representatives, resigned his army command, and returned with his division to the Cerdagne. The temporary commander, d'Aoust unsuccessfully assaulted the Spanish camp in early October at the First Battle of Boulou. On 11 October 1793, Louis Marie Turreau arrived to take command of the army.
Turreau was shocked at the way the representatives-on-mission dictated orders to the generals. Since the French government neglected to send the formal announcement of his appointment, Turreau decided to simply observe events. Fabre's latest project was to send a force across the mountains to attack the port of Roses. Neither Turreau nor Dagobert approved of the scheme, so d'Aoust led the effort on 26 October 1793. Three columns, two of which were led by Louis Pierre Delattre and Bertrand Clausel, were supposed to first converge on Espolla, but only Delattre's appeared. The operation totally failed, and Spanish troops chased the French back across the Pyrenees. Jean Lannes, future Marshal of the Empire, was shot in the left arm in this fiasco. Turreau discovered that the representatives had a new project, which he and Dagobert opposed. After the representatives accused him of treason, Dagobert left for Paris. There Dagobert complained to the Committee of Public Safety, "Are the plans of Fabre and Gaston like the Ark of the Lord which one cannot touch with one's finger without being struck dead?"
The French government appointed François Amédée Doppet to command the army, but he would not arrive until 28 November, so d'Aoust again commanded provisionally from 22–27 November. On 26 November 1793, Ricardos, reinforced by 6,000 Portuguese soldiers led by John Forbes, attacked the French fieldworks at Saint-Ferréol north of Céret. The operation was carried out by 7,000–8,000 troops led by Luis Fermín de Carvajal, Conde de la Unión, and captured three French batteries. A former doctor, Doppet found that he was unable to contend with the overbearing representatives, and they virtually ignored him.
Ricardos planned to attack the French position at Villelongue-dels-Monts at dawn on 7 December 1793. To this end, he reinforced Juan de Courten at Montesquieu-des-Albères up to 8,000 men. De Courten's troops advanced with great secrecy. By coincidence, on the same night, the French garrison at Villelongue planned to assault Montesquieu. So, the two opposing forces, 3,000 French and 5,000 Spanish, passed each other in the night. Nobody had bothered to inform Doppet what was going on, but he had learned from some Spanish prisoners what was afoot. He sent a warning to the Villelongue garrison, but it was completely disregarded.
At 6:00 am, Courten's force, split into four columns, overran the French outposts and rushed the Villelongue position in a bayonet charge. The French soldiers, seeing their escape route being cut off by Spanish cavalry, bolted for the Brouilla ford across the Tech. Some of the men threw away their weapons and did not stop running until they reached Perpignan. Hearing the sound of fighting, Doppet sent out a column to distract his foes but only later did he find the fugitives from the morning action. In this action, the Spanish sustained a loss of only 56 killed and wounded out of 8,000 soldiers engaged. The French had 10,000 men and 40 guns involved and lost 340 killed and wounded, 312 missing, 26 guns, and 2,000 muskets.
The Committee of Public Safety ordered Doppet to keep only 15,000 new recruits and send his best soldiers as reinforcements to the Siege of Toulon. This impossible order was soon canceled, but 6,000 recruits from the Toulouse camp were sent under Charles-Pierre Augereau. These men arrived after the siege concluded, but their good appearance and discipline were praised. Meanwhile, the French army was ravaged by a disease that ultimately sent 10,000 men to the hospitals.
Doppet planned to withdraw his weakened army to the Camp of the Union near Perpignan. In order to cover the rearward movement of his heavy artillery, Doppet decided to mount an attack on the Portuguese garrison of Villelongue. The representatives authorized this mission, but entrusted it to d'Aoust. There were 2,000 French divided into two columns under Pierre Francois Sauret and Jean-Jacques de Laterrade. Included were 500 elite grenadiers and chasseurs led by Lannes. Though his wounded arm was still in a sling, his superior, Anne Charles Basset Montaigu asked Lannes to lead the elite troops and he agreed. The initial rush of both main columns was stopped, but Pierre Banel and Jean Joseph Guieu led their troops through the gorge of the redoubt, and it was captured. Lannes' men seized the main redoubt after the other field fortifications were taken. The entire Villelongue camp was overrun and, as Phipps wrote, "the Portuguese garrison massacred". The victors brought away 15 guns as trophies. Meanwhile, Doppet was stationed at Elne with instructions to advance when he saw signal rockets. Doppet waited in vain for the signal, but d'Aoust later claimed that he lost the rockets. Villelongue was defended by the 1st Oporto Portuguese Infantry Regiment.
Suffering from the same fever that was causing havoc among his soldiers, Doppet resigned his command on 20 December and went to Perpignan to recover. D'Aoust was appointed interim army commander on 21 December 1793. Meanwhile, on 20 December, the Spanish won a victory at the Battle of Collioure, wiping out 4,000 of the 5,000 men in Delattre's division and capturing 100 guns at the cost of only 300 casualties. After the successful 7 December attack, Ricardos moved Courten's division to Espolla, and on 14 December launched it against Collioure. Gregorio García de la Cuesta took command of the division and successfully seized Fort Saint-Elme, Port-Vendres, and Collioure. On 22 December, Ricardos followed the Collioure coup with a general attack on the French army, which was compelled to retreat to Perpignan. The French were saved from a worse disaster when Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon held off the Portuguese pursuit, but they still lost 7,700 men and 23 guns.
Fabre was killed during the Collioure debacle and Delattre was later executed for his part. On 25 December 1793, Pérignon and Augereau each received a promotion to general of division and Lannes was promoted to colonel adjutant general. D'Aoust was replaced in army command by Jacques François Dugommier on 16 January 1794. The French National Convention voted to rebuke the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees because it was the only army that failed to win victories over France's enemies. This was ironic because it was the National Convention's own representatives-on-mission which had caused so much interference with the army's operations. D'Aoust hoped that his 18 December victory would save him, but he was later executed.
42°31′35″N 2°54′15″E / 42.52639°N 2.90417°E / 42.52639; 2.90417 | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Battle of Villelongue (7 and 18 December 1793) saw a Royal Spanish force from the army commanded by Antonio Ricardos attack a position held by a Republican French force from the army led by François Amédée Doppet. Spanish and French attack columns passed each other in the night without detecting each other. On 7 December, the Spanish attack on Villelongue-dels-Monts was delivered first and was completely successful, causing the French soldiers to flee. On 18 December, in order to cover a planned withdrawal, Doppet ordered an attack on the Portuguese garrison at Villelongue. Eustache Charles d'Aoust carried out the operation and overwhelmed the Portuguese. However, two days later, the French army was disastrously defeated at the Battle of Collioure and had to beat a hasty retreat to Perpignan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The representatives-on-mission controlled the operations of the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees to a greater degree than any other army of Republican France. Historian Ramsay Weston Phipps proposed that it was because there were so few regular army units and because the representatives were natives of the area. Representative Raymond Gaston insisted, \"I alone should command here, and I shall be obeyed\". Another representative, Claude Dominique Côme Fabre imported 100 Jacobins from Paris as political agents into the army where they spread indiscipline and disorder. The army also suffered from the fact that supplies properly belonging to it were diverted to the Army of the Alps or the Army of Italy. Consequently, the soldiers were badly fed and clothed, the horses were starving, and many of the men's muskets were in poor working order.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On 9 March 1793, the First French Republic declared war on the Kingdom of Spain. On 17 April, Antonio Ricardos' Spanish army invaded France and captured Céret in the Tech River valley. On 20 May, Ricardos defeated a French force at the Battle of Mas Deu. In the Siege of Bellegarde, the Spanish army took several weeks to reduce the fortress. On 17 July, Louis-Charles de Flers successfully fended off Ricardos' attack in the Battle of Perpignan. Despite this, the representatives-on-mission sacked Flers on 7 August and selected Hilarion Paul Puget de Barbantane to replace him. Flers was guillotined during the Reign of Terror.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Ricardos constructed four entrenched camps around Perpignan, the most threatening one being to the northwest of the city at Peyrestortes. Barbantane panicked and cravenly abandoned the army, leaving it leaderless. In the Battle of Peyrestortes on 17 September 1793, Eustache Charles d'Aoust leading troops from Perpignan and Jacques Gilles Henri Goguet directing the division at Salses-le-Château managed to execute a converging attack, driving the Spanish from their camp. Soon after, Luc Siméon Auguste Dagobert appeared with the Cerdagne division and assumed command of the army. On 22 September, Dagobert's army suffered a defeat in the Battle of Truillas. Though victorious, Ricardos retreated to the Tech valley where his soldiers built a fortified camp at Le Boulou. Shortly afterward, Dagobert quarreled with the representatives, resigned his army command, and returned with his division to the Cerdagne. The temporary commander, d'Aoust unsuccessfully assaulted the Spanish camp in early October at the First Battle of Boulou. On 11 October 1793, Louis Marie Turreau arrived to take command of the army.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Turreau was shocked at the way the representatives-on-mission dictated orders to the generals. Since the French government neglected to send the formal announcement of his appointment, Turreau decided to simply observe events. Fabre's latest project was to send a force across the mountains to attack the port of Roses. Neither Turreau nor Dagobert approved of the scheme, so d'Aoust led the effort on 26 October 1793. Three columns, two of which were led by Louis Pierre Delattre and Bertrand Clausel, were supposed to first converge on Espolla, but only Delattre's appeared. The operation totally failed, and Spanish troops chased the French back across the Pyrenees. Jean Lannes, future Marshal of the Empire, was shot in the left arm in this fiasco. Turreau discovered that the representatives had a new project, which he and Dagobert opposed. After the representatives accused him of treason, Dagobert left for Paris. There Dagobert complained to the Committee of Public Safety, \"Are the plans of Fabre and Gaston like the Ark of the Lord which one cannot touch with one's finger without being struck dead?\"",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The French government appointed François Amédée Doppet to command the army, but he would not arrive until 28 November, so d'Aoust again commanded provisionally from 22–27 November. On 26 November 1793, Ricardos, reinforced by 6,000 Portuguese soldiers led by John Forbes, attacked the French fieldworks at Saint-Ferréol north of Céret. The operation was carried out by 7,000–8,000 troops led by Luis Fermín de Carvajal, Conde de la Unión, and captured three French batteries. A former doctor, Doppet found that he was unable to contend with the overbearing representatives, and they virtually ignored him.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Ricardos planned to attack the French position at Villelongue-dels-Monts at dawn on 7 December 1793. To this end, he reinforced Juan de Courten at Montesquieu-des-Albères up to 8,000 men. De Courten's troops advanced with great secrecy. By coincidence, on the same night, the French garrison at Villelongue planned to assault Montesquieu. So, the two opposing forces, 3,000 French and 5,000 Spanish, passed each other in the night. Nobody had bothered to inform Doppet what was going on, but he had learned from some Spanish prisoners what was afoot. He sent a warning to the Villelongue garrison, but it was completely disregarded.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "At 6:00 am, Courten's force, split into four columns, overran the French outposts and rushed the Villelongue position in a bayonet charge. The French soldiers, seeing their escape route being cut off by Spanish cavalry, bolted for the Brouilla ford across the Tech. Some of the men threw away their weapons and did not stop running until they reached Perpignan. Hearing the sound of fighting, Doppet sent out a column to distract his foes but only later did he find the fugitives from the morning action. In this action, the Spanish sustained a loss of only 56 killed and wounded out of 8,000 soldiers engaged. The French had 10,000 men and 40 guns involved and lost 340 killed and wounded, 312 missing, 26 guns, and 2,000 muskets.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The Committee of Public Safety ordered Doppet to keep only 15,000 new recruits and send his best soldiers as reinforcements to the Siege of Toulon. This impossible order was soon canceled, but 6,000 recruits from the Toulouse camp were sent under Charles-Pierre Augereau. These men arrived after the siege concluded, but their good appearance and discipline were praised. Meanwhile, the French army was ravaged by a disease that ultimately sent 10,000 men to the hospitals.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Doppet planned to withdraw his weakened army to the Camp of the Union near Perpignan. In order to cover the rearward movement of his heavy artillery, Doppet decided to mount an attack on the Portuguese garrison of Villelongue. The representatives authorized this mission, but entrusted it to d'Aoust. There were 2,000 French divided into two columns under Pierre Francois Sauret and Jean-Jacques de Laterrade. Included were 500 elite grenadiers and chasseurs led by Lannes. Though his wounded arm was still in a sling, his superior, Anne Charles Basset Montaigu asked Lannes to lead the elite troops and he agreed. The initial rush of both main columns was stopped, but Pierre Banel and Jean Joseph Guieu led their troops through the gorge of the redoubt, and it was captured. Lannes' men seized the main redoubt after the other field fortifications were taken. The entire Villelongue camp was overrun and, as Phipps wrote, \"the Portuguese garrison massacred\". The victors brought away 15 guns as trophies. Meanwhile, Doppet was stationed at Elne with instructions to advance when he saw signal rockets. Doppet waited in vain for the signal, but d'Aoust later claimed that he lost the rockets. Villelongue was defended by the 1st Oporto Portuguese Infantry Regiment.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Suffering from the same fever that was causing havoc among his soldiers, Doppet resigned his command on 20 December and went to Perpignan to recover. D'Aoust was appointed interim army commander on 21 December 1793. Meanwhile, on 20 December, the Spanish won a victory at the Battle of Collioure, wiping out 4,000 of the 5,000 men in Delattre's division and capturing 100 guns at the cost of only 300 casualties. After the successful 7 December attack, Ricardos moved Courten's division to Espolla, and on 14 December launched it against Collioure. Gregorio García de la Cuesta took command of the division and successfully seized Fort Saint-Elme, Port-Vendres, and Collioure. On 22 December, Ricardos followed the Collioure coup with a general attack on the French army, which was compelled to retreat to Perpignan. The French were saved from a worse disaster when Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon held off the Portuguese pursuit, but they still lost 7,700 men and 23 guns.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Fabre was killed during the Collioure debacle and Delattre was later executed for his part. On 25 December 1793, Pérignon and Augereau each received a promotion to general of division and Lannes was promoted to colonel adjutant general. D'Aoust was replaced in army command by Jacques François Dugommier on 16 January 1794. The French National Convention voted to rebuke the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees because it was the only army that failed to win victories over France's enemies. This was ironic because it was the National Convention's own representatives-on-mission which had caused so much interference with the army's operations. D'Aoust hoped that his 18 December victory would save him, but he was later executed.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "42°31′35″N 2°54′15″E / 42.52639°N 2.90417°E / 42.52639; 2.90417",
"title": "References"
}
] | The Battle of Villelongue saw a Royal Spanish force from the army commanded by Antonio Ricardos attack a position held by a Republican French force from the army led by François Amédée Doppet. Spanish and French attack columns passed each other in the night without detecting each other. On 7 December, the Spanish attack on Villelongue-dels-Monts was delivered first and was completely successful, causing the French soldiers to flee. On 18 December, in order to cover a planned withdrawal, Doppet ordered an attack on the Portuguese garrison at Villelongue. Eustache Charles d'Aoust carried out the operation and overwhelmed the Portuguese. However, two days later, the French army was disastrously defeated at the Battle of Collioure and had to beat a hasty retreat to Perpignan. | 2023-12-06T04:00:44Z | 2023-12-27T01:44:35Z | [
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"Template:Campaignbox Portugal in the Napoleonic Wars",
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"Template:Cite book",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Villelongue |
75,495,912 | Hobart High School | Hobart High School may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hobart High School may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Hobart High School may refer to: Hobart High School, Norfolk
Hobart High School (Indiana)
Hobart College, Tasmania, formerly known as Hobart High School
Hobart City High School | 2023-12-06T04:08:10Z | 2023-12-06T04:09:48Z | [
"Template:School disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_High_School |
75,495,914 | Barnabás Hegyi | Barnabás Hegyi (1914–1966) was a Hungarian cinematographer. He worked on around a hundred films, beginning his career in the Horthy era and continuing into post-war Communist Hungary. He is noted for his cinematography on the 1948 film Somewhere in Europe. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Barnabás Hegyi (1914–1966) was a Hungarian cinematographer. He worked on around a hundred films, beginning his career in the Horthy era and continuing into post-war Communist Hungary. He is noted for his cinematography on the 1948 film Somewhere in Europe.",
"title": ""
}
] | Barnabás Hegyi (1914–1966) was a Hungarian cinematographer. He worked on around a hundred films, beginning his career in the Horthy era and continuing into post-war Communist Hungary. He is noted for his cinematography on the 1948 film Somewhere in Europe. | 2023-12-06T04:08:27Z | 2023-12-29T03:35:36Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnab%C3%A1s_Hegyi |
75,495,934 | Peter McLean (rugby union) | Peter William McLean (born 8 February 1954) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Born in Brisbane, McLean attended Brisbane State High School and Gatton Agricultural College. He is a member of a famous rugby family, as one of seven Wallaby representatives. His father Bill McLean captained the Wallabies and his grandfather Doug McLean senior was a dual-code international. Cousin Paul McLean was a Wallaby teammate.
McLean, nicknamed "Spider", played first-grade rugby for Brisbane club Eastern Districts and made his Queensland state debut in 1976. He was capped 16 times as a Wallabies lock between 1978 and 1982. His international career included the Bledisloe Cup wins of 1979 and 1980, which was the first time the Wallabies had secured back to back series wins. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Peter William McLean (born 8 February 1954) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Brisbane, McLean attended Brisbane State High School and Gatton Agricultural College. He is a member of a famous rugby family, as one of seven Wallaby representatives. His father Bill McLean captained the Wallabies and his grandfather Doug McLean senior was a dual-code international. Cousin Paul McLean was a Wallaby teammate.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "McLean, nicknamed \"Spider\", played first-grade rugby for Brisbane club Eastern Districts and made his Queensland state debut in 1976. He was capped 16 times as a Wallabies lock between 1978 and 1982. His international career included the Bledisloe Cup wins of 1979 and 1980, which was the first time the Wallabies had secured back to back series wins.",
"title": ""
}
] | Peter William McLean is an Australian former rugby union international. Born in Brisbane, McLean attended Brisbane State High School and Gatton Agricultural College. He is a member of a famous rugby family, as one of seven Wallaby representatives. His father Bill McLean captained the Wallabies and his grandfather Doug McLean senior was a dual-code international. Cousin Paul McLean was a Wallaby teammate. McLean, nicknamed "Spider", played first-grade rugby for Brisbane club Eastern Districts and made his Queensland state debut in 1976. He was capped 16 times as a Wallabies lock between 1978 and 1982. His international career included the Bledisloe Cup wins of 1979 and 1980, which was the first time the Wallabies had secured back to back series wins. | 2023-12-06T04:13:01Z | 2023-12-06T16:30:49Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_McLean_(rugby_union) |
75,495,996 | Tim Alberta | Tim Alberta is an American journalist and author. He has reported for The Hotline, the Wall Street Journal, National Journal, National Review, and The Atlantic.
Alberta was born to Richard and Donna Alberta, and moved to the community of Brighton, Michigan when he was five years old, as a result of his father being named pastor of Brighton's Cornerstone Evangelical Presbyterian Church. He grew up in the church and graduated from Brighton High School in 2004. He graduated from Michigan State University in 2008 with a degree in journalism and political science, and took an internship at the Wall Street Journal. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tim Alberta is an American journalist and author. He has reported for The Hotline, the Wall Street Journal, National Journal, National Review, and The Atlantic.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Alberta was born to Richard and Donna Alberta, and moved to the community of Brighton, Michigan when he was five years old, as a result of his father being named pastor of Brighton's Cornerstone Evangelical Presbyterian Church. He grew up in the church and graduated from Brighton High School in 2004. He graduated from Michigan State University in 2008 with a degree in journalism and political science, and took an internship at the Wall Street Journal.",
"title": "Early life and education"
}
] | Tim Alberta is an American journalist and author. He has reported for The Hotline, the Wall Street Journal, National Journal, National Review, and The Atlantic. | 2023-12-06T04:26:40Z | 2023-12-28T11:58:32Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Alberta |
75,496,030 | Rumors of equine mutilation in France in 2020 | The rumor of equine mutilation in France in 2020 is a French media and court case set in 2020 that has gained momentum across France.
According to the rumor, horses and donkeys are being killed and mutilated. Around 30 animals were involved in the rumor between January and August 2020, and many more were found injured or with an ear cut off - usually the animal's right ear and post-mortem.
A number of possible explanations have been put forward, including fetishism, a cult of a Satanist nature, and an internet challenge.
The case has mobilized the French Minister of Agriculture, Julien Denormandie. Journalistic investigations show that this is "a collective psychosis" motivated by the quest for fame of certain false witnesses and influencers, with inquiries concluding that "the vast majority of deaths had natural causes", and that the mutilations are the work of scavenging animals.
Cattle and horse mutilations are not a new phenomenon, with reports occurring sporadically since the 1970s and 1980s in English-speaking countries and Germany in particular, most often without clear explanation.
In May 2020, Le Nouveau Détective published an article about horses killed with their ears cut off with a scalpel.
On June 6, 2020, Pauline Sarrazin, a woman from Dieppe, claimed to have found one of her mares in agony, its right ear cut off and its head smashed in. She alerted the police, then Les Informations dieppoises - the local newspaper. She also set up a Facebook group (Justice pour nos chevaux) to gather testimonies. The group brings together breeders who have been confronted with similar cases. Pauline Sarrazin filed a complaint on June 25.
The first reports in France date back to early 2020, but the phenomenon accelerated during the summer. Between February 2020 and July 1, 2020, around ten horses and donkeys were affected across France, including at least 4 in the Picardie region. The first report concerns a horse in Quend beach and two others in Berny-en-Santerre (Somme), all three found dead with their right ear severed. The case was revealed by the weekly Le Nouveau Détective at the end of May, which incriminated a "gang of horse killers".
People claiming to be owners of mutilated French horses organized themselves on social networks in June 2020, in particular to record these cases. By the end of August, the number of horses killed and then mutilated throughout France had risen to 33 animals, around twenty of which had had their ears cut off.
As rumors swirled, on August 28, French Minister of Agriculture Julien Denormandie traveled to Saône-et-Loire to meet and support the owners of a mutilated horse.
According to the Ministry of the Interior, "certain facts are reminiscent of practices linked to sectarian rituals and in particular so-called Satanic rituals". All types of horse are concerned by these killings and mutilations, with the exception of draft horses. The cutting off and collecting of ears suggests fetishism or trophy collecting, typical of serial killers. Psychopathy has also been suggested, as well as a link with bullfighting, as the practice of cutting off a bull's ear is known, as is the act of exsanguination.
Several horse owners decided to stop taking their horses out.
The media coverage caused a stir on social networks, with calls for manhunts and lynchings of the culprits, and reports of vehicle registration plates.
During the night of August 30-31, 2020, two motorists were stopped by an armed woman breeder and her daughter, and accused of scouting to mutilate horses near Rosporden. The two women lodged a complaint, which led to a court summons for the breeder and her daughter, who were charged with violence with weapons and interfering with a public function. They received a six-month suspended prison sentence and were also banned from carrying weapons for three years. Franck Buors, the two victims' lawyer, was awarded €800 in damages for the moral prejudice suffered by his restaurant owner client, and €500 for his other client.
The Finistère Gendarmerie subsequently called on farmers "not to take the law into their own hands". On September 9, French Minister of Agriculture Julien Denormandie announced the creation of a toll-free number for owners of horse victims, to be answered by 15 specialists from the Institut français du cheval et de l'équitation.
The discovery of mutilations in the Jura region of Switzerland prompted comments in the Swiss press.
On various social networks, an "absurd joke" claimed that Nagui was responsible for the mutilations.
A special investigation unit dedicated to mutilated horses was set up at national level.
At the end of June 2020, the Service central du renseignement territorial cross-referenced these various cases, and favored the idea of superstition or a satanic ritual. Among other things, research is carried out on the dark web.
On August 24, 2020, the Yonne gendarmerie released the sketch of a suspect, after he was spotted attempting to attack ponies on private property in the commune of Villefranche Saint Phal, with an accomplice. The suspect was put on the run by the owner of the ponies, who intervened and was injured during the altercation. The owner would later say, "I heard them talking in a foreign language, with a strong Eastern accent".
On August 28, Julien Denormandie gave an update on the ongoing investigation, which at this stage does not point to the incrimination of an organized community or a mimicry effect.
At the beginning of September 2020, according to Jacques Diacono of the Office central de lutte contre les atteintes à l'environnement et à la santé publique, the human origin of the mutilations has only been certified in 20 to 25 % of cases. The possibility of scavengers has been raised. Jacky Cordonnier, historian of religions and specialist in sectarian movements (MIVILUDES), attributes the abuse and mutilation to witchcraft rituals, in particular those aimed at appropriating the animal's strength by recovering its blood, eyes or ears.
As of September 8, 153 investigations have been opened throughout France in connection with this case.
In the town of Arnac-la-Poste, searches have been carried out by the gendarmerie services, who are in contact with the national gendarmerie, to check whether there have already been any similarities in investigations at national level. Numerous leads exist in the search for a perpetrator or possible imitators, but none have been successful.
Holidaymakers' vehicles have been wrongly reported (leading to their harassment), and accusations incriminating young suspects, attributed to a vet, have proved false.
At the end of August, rumors of horse mutilations in Pouzauges and Talmont-Saint-Hilaire, Vendée, turned out to be false.
On August 30, the Gendarmerie arrested a 35-year-old Polish national in Seine-Maritime, who resembled the composite sketch circulated by the authorities in Yonne, at the wheel of his van. Investigators also discovered a commando knife in the vehicle. After verifying his alibi, the man was cleared and released. On September 7, 2020, another suspect resembling the sketch was taken into custody in the Haut-Rhin region, but later cleared and released.
The initial results of the survey show that, of the 460 cases recorded, only 84 were of human origin, i.e. almost 20 %.
By the end of summer 2020, 500 cases of mutilation had been reported, of which 80 were attributable to humans (16 % of attacks). These results were published in September 2020 in a Libération CheckNews, some of the reports being rumors. According to Mathieu Deslandes, a journalist with La Revue des Médias (INA), who investigated the subject, these attacks were not coordinated. "These are isolated cases that have no link between them. There are no gangs crossing France to attack horses".
On August 27, a forensic examination of the corpse of a horse found in Sainte-Colombe-sur-Gand, in the Loire region, ruled out human involvement, as the post-mortem mutilations (eye gouged out, ear cut off and snout sliced off) were the result of the action of a scavenging animal such as a badger or rodent. In most cases, the "mutilations" observed are ultimately considered by experts to be classic attacks by scavengers on already dead animals, who primarily target the parts that are easy to remove (ears, eyes).
Of the ten or so cases of mutilation known in Ille-et-Vilaine, none is of human origin. The flood of calls was considered by the gendarmerie to be a "veritable collective hysteria".
At the end of 2020, Marie-Béatrice Tonanny, national coordinator at the sub-directorate of the judicial police, revealed in an interview with the Agence France-Presse (AFP) that "acts of cruelty have not exploded compared with other years [...] There has been a small increase, perhaps due to media coverage and copycats. What has exploded is the number of reports, of calls from people telling us 'my horse is injured'".
An investigation has been opened against Pauline Sarrazin. On June 4, 2020 - two days before the death of her mare - Pauline had received a message from the Direction départementale de la protection des populations telling her that she would be checked. The alert had been given on June 2 by a veterinarian who had already had to euthanize 5 of Pauline Sarrazin's horses in 7 months, the others being "skinny", "underfed" and "infested with lice". On several occasions, he told Pauline Sarrazin that the quantities of feed provided were insufficient, that she obviously couldn't afford to keep so many animals. He didn't mention the accumulated unpaid bills - confinement had deprived her of her temp assignments, he understood - but suggested that her kindness was being abused.
In January 2021, she confessed that she had lied: she had made people believe that her mare had been attacked, whereas she was responsible for the mare's death. Her dog Louna had attacked the mare's corpse for lack of food and, not wanting her to be euthanized, she had invented the lie.
The French Equestrian Federation filed a civil action on August 19, 2020, in support of the equine owners who had lodged a complaint. The Interministerial Mission for Vigilance and Combat against Sectarian Drifts (MIVILUDES) has also announced that it is providing assistance on this case.
The Brigitte-Bardot Foundation filed a civil suit.
Jean-Luc Poulain, president of the Paris Horse Show, denounced on RTL "a network of mentally ill people" and "unspeakable" acts.
Agriculture Minister Julien Denormandie speaks of "acts of cruelty of unimaginable barbarity".
The French Gendarmerie issues advice to horse owners: monitor meadows daily, do not leave halters on horses, and install a CCTV.
On June 25, 2021, Pauline Sarrazin was sentenced by the Dieppe Criminal Court to a "four-month suspended prison sentence for ill-treatment and false denunciation", and banned from owning an animal for three years, as well as from exercising a profession related to horses.
Augustin Bouquet des Chaux, journalist with Informations Dieppoises and the first to have "starred" the false plaintiff Pauline Sarrazin, made his mea culpa in view of the consequences of his error: "It wasn't done in haste, I wasn't looking for buzz at any price, the courts were taking the case seriously... I could have been a little less assertive, but I don't feel I made a mistake", even if "without Pauline S., the mutilated horses, it would have stayed in Détective".
According to public prosecutor Étienne Thieffry, "There is sometimes a gap between the way we perceive accounts of offenses and the impact they can have [...]. We had to take the time to investigate". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The rumor of equine mutilation in France in 2020 is a French media and court case set in 2020 that has gained momentum across France.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "According to the rumor, horses and donkeys are being killed and mutilated. Around 30 animals were involved in the rumor between January and August 2020, and many more were found injured or with an ear cut off - usually the animal's right ear and post-mortem.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A number of possible explanations have been put forward, including fetishism, a cult of a Satanist nature, and an internet challenge.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The case has mobilized the French Minister of Agriculture, Julien Denormandie. Journalistic investigations show that this is \"a collective psychosis\" motivated by the quest for fame of certain false witnesses and influencers, with inquiries concluding that \"the vast majority of deaths had natural causes\", and that the mutilations are the work of scavenging animals.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Cattle and horse mutilations are not a new phenomenon, with reports occurring sporadically since the 1970s and 1980s in English-speaking countries and Germany in particular, most often without clear explanation.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In May 2020, Le Nouveau Détective published an article about horses killed with their ears cut off with a scalpel.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On June 6, 2020, Pauline Sarrazin, a woman from Dieppe, claimed to have found one of her mares in agony, its right ear cut off and its head smashed in. She alerted the police, then Les Informations dieppoises - the local newspaper. She also set up a Facebook group (Justice pour nos chevaux) to gather testimonies. The group brings together breeders who have been confronted with similar cases. Pauline Sarrazin filed a complaint on June 25.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The first reports in France date back to early 2020, but the phenomenon accelerated during the summer. Between February 2020 and July 1, 2020, around ten horses and donkeys were affected across France, including at least 4 in the Picardie region. The first report concerns a horse in Quend beach and two others in Berny-en-Santerre (Somme), all three found dead with their right ear severed. The case was revealed by the weekly Le Nouveau Détective at the end of May, which incriminated a \"gang of horse killers\".",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "People claiming to be owners of mutilated French horses organized themselves on social networks in June 2020, in particular to record these cases. By the end of August, the number of horses killed and then mutilated throughout France had risen to 33 animals, around twenty of which had had their ears cut off.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "As rumors swirled, on August 28, French Minister of Agriculture Julien Denormandie traveled to Saône-et-Loire to meet and support the owners of a mutilated horse.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "According to the Ministry of the Interior, \"certain facts are reminiscent of practices linked to sectarian rituals and in particular so-called Satanic rituals\". All types of horse are concerned by these killings and mutilations, with the exception of draft horses. The cutting off and collecting of ears suggests fetishism or trophy collecting, typical of serial killers. Psychopathy has also been suggested, as well as a link with bullfighting, as the practice of cutting off a bull's ear is known, as is the act of exsanguination.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Several horse owners decided to stop taking their horses out.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The media coverage caused a stir on social networks, with calls for manhunts and lynchings of the culprits, and reports of vehicle registration plates.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "During the night of August 30-31, 2020, two motorists were stopped by an armed woman breeder and her daughter, and accused of scouting to mutilate horses near Rosporden. The two women lodged a complaint, which led to a court summons for the breeder and her daughter, who were charged with violence with weapons and interfering with a public function. They received a six-month suspended prison sentence and were also banned from carrying weapons for three years. Franck Buors, the two victims' lawyer, was awarded €800 in damages for the moral prejudice suffered by his restaurant owner client, and €500 for his other client.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The Finistère Gendarmerie subsequently called on farmers \"not to take the law into their own hands\". On September 9, French Minister of Agriculture Julien Denormandie announced the creation of a toll-free number for owners of horse victims, to be answered by 15 specialists from the Institut français du cheval et de l'équitation.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The discovery of mutilations in the Jura region of Switzerland prompted comments in the Swiss press.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "On various social networks, an \"absurd joke\" claimed that Nagui was responsible for the mutilations.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "A special investigation unit dedicated to mutilated horses was set up at national level.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "At the end of June 2020, the Service central du renseignement territorial cross-referenced these various cases, and favored the idea of superstition or a satanic ritual. Among other things, research is carried out on the dark web.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "On August 24, 2020, the Yonne gendarmerie released the sketch of a suspect, after he was spotted attempting to attack ponies on private property in the commune of Villefranche Saint Phal, with an accomplice. The suspect was put on the run by the owner of the ponies, who intervened and was injured during the altercation. The owner would later say, \"I heard them talking in a foreign language, with a strong Eastern accent\".",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "On August 28, Julien Denormandie gave an update on the ongoing investigation, which at this stage does not point to the incrimination of an organized community or a mimicry effect.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "At the beginning of September 2020, according to Jacques Diacono of the Office central de lutte contre les atteintes à l'environnement et à la santé publique, the human origin of the mutilations has only been certified in 20 to 25 % of cases. The possibility of scavengers has been raised. Jacky Cordonnier, historian of religions and specialist in sectarian movements (MIVILUDES), attributes the abuse and mutilation to witchcraft rituals, in particular those aimed at appropriating the animal's strength by recovering its blood, eyes or ears.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "As of September 8, 153 investigations have been opened throughout France in connection with this case.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "In the town of Arnac-la-Poste, searches have been carried out by the gendarmerie services, who are in contact with the national gendarmerie, to check whether there have already been any similarities in investigations at national level. Numerous leads exist in the search for a perpetrator or possible imitators, but none have been successful.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "Holidaymakers' vehicles have been wrongly reported (leading to their harassment), and accusations incriminating young suspects, attributed to a vet, have proved false.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "At the end of August, rumors of horse mutilations in Pouzauges and Talmont-Saint-Hilaire, Vendée, turned out to be false.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "On August 30, the Gendarmerie arrested a 35-year-old Polish national in Seine-Maritime, who resembled the composite sketch circulated by the authorities in Yonne, at the wheel of his van. Investigators also discovered a commando knife in the vehicle. After verifying his alibi, the man was cleared and released. On September 7, 2020, another suspect resembling the sketch was taken into custody in the Haut-Rhin region, but later cleared and released.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "The initial results of the survey show that, of the 460 cases recorded, only 84 were of human origin, i.e. almost 20 %.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "By the end of summer 2020, 500 cases of mutilation had been reported, of which 80 were attributable to humans (16 % of attacks). These results were published in September 2020 in a Libération CheckNews, some of the reports being rumors. According to Mathieu Deslandes, a journalist with La Revue des Médias (INA), who investigated the subject, these attacks were not coordinated. \"These are isolated cases that have no link between them. There are no gangs crossing France to attack horses\".",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "On August 27, a forensic examination of the corpse of a horse found in Sainte-Colombe-sur-Gand, in the Loire region, ruled out human involvement, as the post-mortem mutilations (eye gouged out, ear cut off and snout sliced off) were the result of the action of a scavenging animal such as a badger or rodent. In most cases, the \"mutilations\" observed are ultimately considered by experts to be classic attacks by scavengers on already dead animals, who primarily target the parts that are easy to remove (ears, eyes).",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "Of the ten or so cases of mutilation known in Ille-et-Vilaine, none is of human origin. The flood of calls was considered by the gendarmerie to be a \"veritable collective hysteria\".",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "At the end of 2020, Marie-Béatrice Tonanny, national coordinator at the sub-directorate of the judicial police, revealed in an interview with the Agence France-Presse (AFP) that \"acts of cruelty have not exploded compared with other years [...] There has been a small increase, perhaps due to media coverage and copycats. What has exploded is the number of reports, of calls from people telling us 'my horse is injured'\".",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "An investigation has been opened against Pauline Sarrazin. On June 4, 2020 - two days before the death of her mare - Pauline had received a message from the Direction départementale de la protection des populations telling her that she would be checked. The alert had been given on June 2 by a veterinarian who had already had to euthanize 5 of Pauline Sarrazin's horses in 7 months, the others being \"skinny\", \"underfed\" and \"infested with lice\". On several occasions, he told Pauline Sarrazin that the quantities of feed provided were insufficient, that she obviously couldn't afford to keep so many animals. He didn't mention the accumulated unpaid bills - confinement had deprived her of her temp assignments, he understood - but suggested that her kindness was being abused.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 33,
"text": "In January 2021, she confessed that she had lied: she had made people believe that her mare had been attacked, whereas she was responsible for the mare's death. Her dog Louna had attacked the mare's corpse for lack of food and, not wanting her to be euthanized, she had invented the lie.",
"title": "Course of events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 34,
"text": "The French Equestrian Federation filed a civil action on August 19, 2020, in support of the equine owners who had lodged a complaint. The Interministerial Mission for Vigilance and Combat against Sectarian Drifts (MIVILUDES) has also announced that it is providing assistance on this case.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 35,
"text": "The Brigitte-Bardot Foundation filed a civil suit.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 36,
"text": "Jean-Luc Poulain, president of the Paris Horse Show, denounced on RTL \"a network of mentally ill people\" and \"unspeakable\" acts.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 37,
"text": "Agriculture Minister Julien Denormandie speaks of \"acts of cruelty of unimaginable barbarity\".",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 38,
"text": "The French Gendarmerie issues advice to horse owners: monitor meadows daily, do not leave halters on horses, and install a CCTV.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 39,
"text": "On June 25, 2021, Pauline Sarrazin was sentenced by the Dieppe Criminal Court to a \"four-month suspended prison sentence for ill-treatment and false denunciation\", and banned from owning an animal for three years, as well as from exercising a profession related to horses.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 40,
"text": "Augustin Bouquet des Chaux, journalist with Informations Dieppoises and the first to have \"starred\" the false plaintiff Pauline Sarrazin, made his mea culpa in view of the consequences of his error: \"It wasn't done in haste, I wasn't looking for buzz at any price, the courts were taking the case seriously... I could have been a little less assertive, but I don't feel I made a mistake\", even if \"without Pauline S., the mutilated horses, it would have stayed in Détective\".",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 41,
"text": "According to public prosecutor Étienne Thieffry, \"There is sometimes a gap between the way we perceive accounts of offenses and the impact they can have [...]. We had to take the time to investigate\".",
"title": "Reactions"
}
] | The rumor of equine mutilation in France in 2020 is a French media and court case set in 2020 that has gained momentum across France. According to the rumor, horses and donkeys are being killed and mutilated. Around 30 animals were involved in the rumor between January and August 2020, and many more were found injured or with an ear cut off - usually the animal's right ear and post-mortem. A number of possible explanations have been put forward, including fetishism, a cult of a Satanist nature, and an internet challenge. The case has mobilized the French Minister of Agriculture, Julien Denormandie. Journalistic investigations show that this is "a collective psychosis" motivated by the quest for fame of certain false witnesses and influencers, with inquiries concluding that "the vast majority of deaths had natural causes", and that the mutilations are the work of scavenging animals. | 2023-12-06T04:33:38Z | 2023-12-06T04:51:29Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumors_of_equine_mutilation_in_France_in_2020 |
75,496,072 | Chittem Parnika Reddy | Chittem Parnika Reddy is an Indian politician from the state of Telangana. She is the current MLA of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, having been elected in the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election from Indian National Congress representing the Narayanpet Assembly constituency.
Reddy entered into the | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Chittem Parnika Reddy is an Indian politician from the state of Telangana. She is the current MLA of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, having been elected in the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election from Indian National Congress representing the Narayanpet Assembly constituency.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Reddy entered into the",
"title": "Career"
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"text": "",
"title": "References"
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] | Chittem Parnika Reddy is an Indian politician from the state of Telangana. She is the current MLA of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, having been elected in the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election from Indian National Congress representing the Narayanpet Assembly constituency. | 2023-12-06T04:43:38Z | 2023-12-14T10:30:37Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittem_Parnika_Reddy |
75,496,093 | 1975 World Trade Center fire | The 1975 World Trade Center fire was a case of arsony at the 1 World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan, New York occurring on February 12, 1975. The initial fire was started, and spread from the 11th floor from between the 9th and 14th floors, but was quickly extinguished by firefighters. The arsonist was later caught three months later on May 20 and was identified to be Oswald Adorno, a custodian working at the WTC, who's motive was because he was "disgruntled with his employer," said by Fire Commissioner Stephen J. Murphy.
There were no direct casualties and only minor injuries were sustained, with a few cases of smoke inhalation; costs in damages were estimated to be $1,000,000. In 1981, a $45 million sprinkler system was approved and began installation into the building as a result of the fire. A few laws in New York regarding fire safety were updated as well.
On February 12, 1975, at approximately 11:45 p.m., a three alarm fire broke out upon the 11th floor in the offices of the B.F. Goodrich Company within the north tower of the World Trade Center. The fire later spread onto six other floors between the 9th and 14th floor through the tower's inner-service core via telephone cables in a cable shaft, though did not spread to other rooms or onto the hallways.
After a porter sounded the fire alarm when the smoke detector located in an air conditioner plenum delayed (because the air conditioning system was turned off at night), building engineers switched the air-conditioning into purge mode to blow air into the building's core to prevent the further spreading of fire.
A total of 132 firefighters with 24 pieces of firefighting apparatus responded to the fire; fifty people, mainly consisting of maintenance staff, were evacuated, then the firemen took a freight elevator to the 9th floor, attached hoses to standpipes on the 10th floor and began advancing up the building while extinguishing the fire. Flames from the broken windows of the 11th floor could be seen; the broken windows may indicate that the fire had reached well over 700°C. The fire was extinguished almost immediately and the original fire was extinguished within three hours.
At the time of the event, no cause of the fire was known. Ralph Graniela and Thomas Flanagan, both fire marshals, worked undercover at the tower, posing as maintenance crew to try to find and catch the arsonist. On May 19, 1975, another fire broke out in WTC at night. It was after the fire when the undercover fire marshals began to suspect 19-year-old Oswald Adorno, a custodian working at the WTC, for starting the fires.
On May 20, 1975, Oswald Adorno, was taken by Fire marshals to the First Police Precinct Station for setting six fires in the Word Trade Center in May. It was later confirmed that he was also the one responsible for the fire in February of the WTC.
Acting Fire Commissioner Stephen J. Murphy said Adorno told fire marshals his motive for starting the fires was because he was “disgruntled with his employer. He said he wasn't being given proper recognition.” Deputy Chief Fire Marshal Michael O'Connor adds, “He said his boss made him work too hard, made him cover too many floors.” Adorno was charged seven charges second-degree arson.
Sixteen firemen were treated at the scene for smoke inhalation and minor injuries with twenty more firemen being treated after the fire as well as twenty firemen and eight WTC occupants treated for exposure to smoke and minor injuries. There were no direct causalities.
Albert Ullman, an export specialist with R. J. Saunders, Inc., reportedly had a heart attack while coming to work one morning to find his office space burnt. He was rushed to Beekman-Downtown Hospital where he was pronounced dead.
Though spreading across about 65% of the 11th floor's office section, the fire caused no serious structural damage to the tower and had no trusses were of need of replacing. A spokesperson for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey reported only the 11th floor was burned, the 10th and 9th floor suffered extensive water damage and smoke damage was extended to the 15th floor. Costs and damages were estimated to be $1,000,000 which urged the need of nine offices to be relocated within the WTC.
On March 12, 1981, Port Authority began construction of a sprinkler system within the north tower of a cost of $45 million as a result of the major fire that happened five years prior.
New York City laws were updated to require structures with floors to be divided into units of 7,500 square feet or less. Additionally, the law was updated to require smoke‐detection systems that shut down the air‐conditioning system in event of a fire to prevent spreading of the fire. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1975 World Trade Center fire was a case of arsony at the 1 World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan, New York occurring on February 12, 1975. The initial fire was started, and spread from the 11th floor from between the 9th and 14th floors, but was quickly extinguished by firefighters. The arsonist was later caught three months later on May 20 and was identified to be Oswald Adorno, a custodian working at the WTC, who's motive was because he was \"disgruntled with his employer,\" said by Fire Commissioner Stephen J. Murphy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "There were no direct casualties and only minor injuries were sustained, with a few cases of smoke inhalation; costs in damages were estimated to be $1,000,000. In 1981, a $45 million sprinkler system was approved and began installation into the building as a result of the fire. A few laws in New York regarding fire safety were updated as well.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On February 12, 1975, at approximately 11:45 p.m., a three alarm fire broke out upon the 11th floor in the offices of the B.F. Goodrich Company within the north tower of the World Trade Center. The fire later spread onto six other floors between the 9th and 14th floor through the tower's inner-service core via telephone cables in a cable shaft, though did not spread to other rooms or onto the hallways.",
"title": "Fire"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After a porter sounded the fire alarm when the smoke detector located in an air conditioner plenum delayed (because the air conditioning system was turned off at night), building engineers switched the air-conditioning into purge mode to blow air into the building's core to prevent the further spreading of fire.",
"title": "Fire"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "A total of 132 firefighters with 24 pieces of firefighting apparatus responded to the fire; fifty people, mainly consisting of maintenance staff, were evacuated, then the firemen took a freight elevator to the 9th floor, attached hoses to standpipes on the 10th floor and began advancing up the building while extinguishing the fire. Flames from the broken windows of the 11th floor could be seen; the broken windows may indicate that the fire had reached well over 700°C. The fire was extinguished almost immediately and the original fire was extinguished within three hours.",
"title": "Fire"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "At the time of the event, no cause of the fire was known. Ralph Graniela and Thomas Flanagan, both fire marshals, worked undercover at the tower, posing as maintenance crew to try to find and catch the arsonist. On May 19, 1975, another fire broke out in WTC at night. It was after the fire when the undercover fire marshals began to suspect 19-year-old Oswald Adorno, a custodian working at the WTC, for starting the fires.",
"title": "Criminal cases"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On May 20, 1975, Oswald Adorno, was taken by Fire marshals to the First Police Precinct Station for setting six fires in the Word Trade Center in May. It was later confirmed that he was also the one responsible for the fire in February of the WTC.",
"title": "Criminal cases"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Acting Fire Commissioner Stephen J. Murphy said Adorno told fire marshals his motive for starting the fires was because he was “disgruntled with his employer. He said he wasn't being given proper recognition.” Deputy Chief Fire Marshal Michael O'Connor adds, “He said his boss made him work too hard, made him cover too many floors.” Adorno was charged seven charges second-degree arson.",
"title": "Criminal cases"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Sixteen firemen were treated at the scene for smoke inhalation and minor injuries with twenty more firemen being treated after the fire as well as twenty firemen and eight WTC occupants treated for exposure to smoke and minor injuries. There were no direct causalities.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Albert Ullman, an export specialist with R. J. Saunders, Inc., reportedly had a heart attack while coming to work one morning to find his office space burnt. He was rushed to Beekman-Downtown Hospital where he was pronounced dead.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Though spreading across about 65% of the 11th floor's office section, the fire caused no serious structural damage to the tower and had no trusses were of need of replacing. A spokesperson for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey reported only the 11th floor was burned, the 10th and 9th floor suffered extensive water damage and smoke damage was extended to the 15th floor. Costs and damages were estimated to be $1,000,000 which urged the need of nine offices to be relocated within the WTC.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "On March 12, 1981, Port Authority began construction of a sprinkler system within the north tower of a cost of $45 million as a result of the major fire that happened five years prior.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "New York City laws were updated to require structures with floors to be divided into units of 7,500 square feet or less. Additionally, the law was updated to require smoke‐detection systems that shut down the air‐conditioning system in event of a fire to prevent spreading of the fire.",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | The 1975 World Trade Center fire was a case of arsony at the 1 World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan, New York occurring on February 12, 1975. The initial fire was started, and spread from the 11th floor from between the 9th and 14th floors, but was quickly extinguished by firefighters. The arsonist was later caught three months later on May 20 and was identified to be Oswald Adorno, a custodian working at the WTC, who's motive was because he was "disgruntled with his employer," said by Fire Commissioner Stephen J. Murphy. There were no direct casualties and only minor injuries were sustained, with a few cases of smoke inhalation; costs in damages were estimated to be $1,000,000. In 1981, a $45 million sprinkler system was approved and began installation into the building as a result of the fire. A few laws in New York regarding fire safety were updated as well. | 2023-12-06T04:47:50Z | 2023-12-26T01:58:51Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_World_Trade_Center_fire |
75,496,097 | G5515 Zhangjiajie–Nanchong Expressway | The G5515 Zhangjiajie–Nanchong Expressway (Chinese: 张家界—南充高速公路), also referred to as the Zhangnan Expressway (Chinese: 张南高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Zhangjiajie, Hunan and Nanchong, Sichuan.
The expressway begins in Zhangjiajie and passes through Laifeng, Qianjiang, Shizhu, Zhongxian, Liangping, Dazhu and Yingshan before terminating in Nanchong.
The route passes through the provinces of Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan as well as the direct-administered municipality of Chongqing. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The G5515 Zhangjiajie–Nanchong Expressway (Chinese: 张家界—南充高速公路), also referred to as the Zhangnan Expressway (Chinese: 张南高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Zhangjiajie, Hunan and Nanchong, Sichuan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The expressway begins in Zhangjiajie and passes through Laifeng, Qianjiang, Shizhu, Zhongxian, Liangping, Dazhu and Yingshan before terminating in Nanchong.",
"title": "Route"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The route passes through the provinces of Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan as well as the direct-administered municipality of Chongqing.",
"title": "Route"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | The G5515 Zhangjiajie–Nanchong Expressway, also referred to as the Zhangnan Expressway, is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Zhangjiajie, Hunan and Nanchong, Sichuan. | 2023-12-06T04:49:03Z | 2023-12-12T12:44:06Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G5515_Zhangjiajie%E2%80%93Nanchong_Expressway |
75,496,103 | RJ Joed Almeida | Joed Almeida, known professionally as RJ Joed Almeida, is an Indian radio personality, emcee, and former banker who hosts The Drive with Joed on the Indigo 91.9 FM.
Almeida made the decision to leave his banking career behind and pursue a new path as a radio jockey for Indigo 91.9 FM. Despite facing initial setbacks, including two unsuccessful attempts, Almeida persevered during a six-month internship and eventually secured the position of a radio jockey. This career shift brought him joy as he found fulfillment in connecting with the younger generation.
In October 2013, Almeida served as the compere for an event initiated by Team Goa for a Cause. This collective comprised Zumba fitness instructors from Goa who united with the objective of encouraging individuals to engage in dance as a means to promote fitness and support charitable causes. The event specifically aimed to generate funds for the Uttarakhand flood victims and raise awareness about breast cancer.
On 23 August 2015, Almeida assumed the role of co-host for the Sol de Gao live music performance festival held in Nerul. The festival, which featured personalities such as former Miss India World Natasha Suri, RJ Ayesha Barretto, Newton D'Souza, and Sandra da Cunha, provided a platform for live musical performances.
On 27 August 2015, Almeida took on the responsibility of hosting the WWF-India's Wild Wisdom Quiz at the Goa Science Centre. The quiz, organized in accordance with the theme "International Year of the Soil" as declared by the United Nations.
In September 2015, a collaborative effort was initiated by Almeida and musician Varun Carvalho, known as 'Turn the Tide', with the aim of raising awareness among children about the importance of conserving water bodies and safeguarding Goa from potential encroachment. Almeida, together with Carvalho, Elvis Lobo, and Mukesh Ghatwal, organized a special program at The King's School in Margao, located in South Goa, to promote their cause.
On 9 April 2016, an annual cultural event known as the World Konkani Day-Il took place at the Ravindra Bhavan in Margao. This event was organized by Almeida and Stanley Marchon, who are both members of The Music Mafia, an organization established by Almeida, Sidharth Yaji, and his school friend Marchon.
In April 2017, Almeida along with The Music Mafia and Ravindra Bhavan, Margao hosted the third edition of World Konkani Day (WKD). This annual event aimed to celebrate and honor the Konkani culture, with a particular focus on engaging the youth and preserving the Konkani heritage. The festival attracted an audience of over 2,500 individuals each year, largely composed of young people who actively participate in the WKD festivities. Almeida emphasized the integral role of youth in the event and acknowledged their contribution to the success of WKD.
In September 2023, All India Radio-Panaji devised a comprehensive programming schedule for the introduction of Akashvani-Panaji, a newly merged FM channel slated to replace the existing FM Rainbow brand commencing from 1 October. The impending transition evoked a sense of dismay among both the radio hosts and the loyal listeners. Almeida, who had grown up avidly tuning in to FM Rainbow, voiced his apprehension regarding the programming changes, expressing concern that the distinctive essence of this iconic channel would be compromised. He emphasized the need for proactive measures to address this issue.
Joed Almeida was born on 12 September. He hails from Salcete in South Goa.
Prior to going on air, Almeida silently prays. He gauges his listenership by the requests and interactions he receives through various social media platforms. Almeida curates his playlists to include a blend of contemporary music and beloved classics. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Joed Almeida, known professionally as RJ Joed Almeida, is an Indian radio personality, emcee, and former banker who hosts The Drive with Joed on the Indigo 91.9 FM.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Almeida made the decision to leave his banking career behind and pursue a new path as a radio jockey for Indigo 91.9 FM. Despite facing initial setbacks, including two unsuccessful attempts, Almeida persevered during a six-month internship and eventually secured the position of a radio jockey. This career shift brought him joy as he found fulfillment in connecting with the younger generation.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In October 2013, Almeida served as the compere for an event initiated by Team Goa for a Cause. This collective comprised Zumba fitness instructors from Goa who united with the objective of encouraging individuals to engage in dance as a means to promote fitness and support charitable causes. The event specifically aimed to generate funds for the Uttarakhand flood victims and raise awareness about breast cancer.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On 23 August 2015, Almeida assumed the role of co-host for the Sol de Gao live music performance festival held in Nerul. The festival, which featured personalities such as former Miss India World Natasha Suri, RJ Ayesha Barretto, Newton D'Souza, and Sandra da Cunha, provided a platform for live musical performances.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On 27 August 2015, Almeida took on the responsibility of hosting the WWF-India's Wild Wisdom Quiz at the Goa Science Centre. The quiz, organized in accordance with the theme \"International Year of the Soil\" as declared by the United Nations.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In September 2015, a collaborative effort was initiated by Almeida and musician Varun Carvalho, known as 'Turn the Tide', with the aim of raising awareness among children about the importance of conserving water bodies and safeguarding Goa from potential encroachment. Almeida, together with Carvalho, Elvis Lobo, and Mukesh Ghatwal, organized a special program at The King's School in Margao, located in South Goa, to promote their cause.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On 9 April 2016, an annual cultural event known as the World Konkani Day-Il took place at the Ravindra Bhavan in Margao. This event was organized by Almeida and Stanley Marchon, who are both members of The Music Mafia, an organization established by Almeida, Sidharth Yaji, and his school friend Marchon.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In April 2017, Almeida along with The Music Mafia and Ravindra Bhavan, Margao hosted the third edition of World Konkani Day (WKD). This annual event aimed to celebrate and honor the Konkani culture, with a particular focus on engaging the youth and preserving the Konkani heritage. The festival attracted an audience of over 2,500 individuals each year, largely composed of young people who actively participate in the WKD festivities. Almeida emphasized the integral role of youth in the event and acknowledged their contribution to the success of WKD.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In September 2023, All India Radio-Panaji devised a comprehensive programming schedule for the introduction of Akashvani-Panaji, a newly merged FM channel slated to replace the existing FM Rainbow brand commencing from 1 October. The impending transition evoked a sense of dismay among both the radio hosts and the loyal listeners. Almeida, who had grown up avidly tuning in to FM Rainbow, voiced his apprehension regarding the programming changes, expressing concern that the distinctive essence of this iconic channel would be compromised. He emphasized the need for proactive measures to address this issue.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Joed Almeida was born on 12 September. He hails from Salcete in South Goa.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Prior to going on air, Almeida silently prays. He gauges his listenership by the requests and interactions he receives through various social media platforms. Almeida curates his playlists to include a blend of contemporary music and beloved classics.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Joed Almeida, known professionally as RJ Joed Almeida, is an Indian radio personality, emcee, and former banker who hosts The Drive with Joed on the Indigo 91.9 FM. | 2023-12-06T04:52:13Z | 2023-12-07T13:37:55Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RJ_Joed_Almeida |
75,496,122 | Exercise mimetic | An exercise mimetic is a drug that mimics some of the biological effects of physical exercise. Exercise is known to have an effect in preventing, treating, or ameliorating the effects of a variety of serious illnesses, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. As of 2021, no drug is known to have the same benefits.
Known biological targets affected by exercise have also been targets of drug discovery, with limited results. These known targets include:
The majority of the effect of exercise in reducing cardiovascular and all-cause mortality cannot be explained via improvements in quantifiable risk factors, such as blood cholesterol. This further increases the challenge of developing an effective exercise mimetic. Moreover, even if a broad spectrum exercise mimetic were invented, it is not necessarily the case that its public health effects would be superior to interventions to increase exercise in the population. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "An exercise mimetic is a drug that mimics some of the biological effects of physical exercise. Exercise is known to have an effect in preventing, treating, or ameliorating the effects of a variety of serious illnesses, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. As of 2021, no drug is known to have the same benefits.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Known biological targets affected by exercise have also been targets of drug discovery, with limited results. These known targets include:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The majority of the effect of exercise in reducing cardiovascular and all-cause mortality cannot be explained via improvements in quantifiable risk factors, such as blood cholesterol. This further increases the challenge of developing an effective exercise mimetic. Moreover, even if a broad spectrum exercise mimetic were invented, it is not necessarily the case that its public health effects would be superior to interventions to increase exercise in the population.",
"title": ""
}
] | An exercise mimetic is a drug that mimics some of the biological effects of physical exercise. Exercise is known to have an effect in preventing, treating, or ameliorating the effects of a variety of serious illnesses, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. As of 2021, no drug is known to have the same benefits. Known biological targets affected by exercise have also been targets of drug discovery, with limited results. These known targets include: The majority of the effect of exercise in reducing cardiovascular and all-cause mortality cannot be explained via improvements in quantifiable risk factors, such as blood cholesterol. This further increases the challenge of developing an effective exercise mimetic. Moreover, even if a broad spectrum exercise mimetic were invented, it is not necessarily the case that its public health effects would be superior to interventions to increase exercise in the population. | 2023-12-06T04:57:07Z | 2023-12-27T00:44:34Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_mimetic |
75,496,128 | 2023 Chennai floods | The 2023 Chennai floods were some of the worst floods to have hit the city of Chennai, India after 2015 Floods. The floods occurred during the North-East monsoon season (November-December 2023) as a result of heavy rain due to Cyclone Michaung. The Chennai flood damaged many houses leaving people on the streets. More than 18,000 people were displaced and evacuated to relief camps on higher ground around the city. Over 12 people were killed in rain-related incidents.
{[Reflist}} | [
{
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"text": "The 2023 Chennai floods were some of the worst floods to have hit the city of Chennai, India after 2015 Floods. The floods occurred during the North-East monsoon season (November-December 2023) as a result of heavy rain due to Cyclone Michaung. The Chennai flood damaged many houses leaving people on the streets. More than 18,000 people were displaced and evacuated to relief camps on higher ground around the city. Over 12 people were killed in rain-related incidents.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "{[Reflist}}",
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] | The 2023 Chennai floods were some of the worst floods to have hit the city of Chennai, India after 2015 Floods. The floods occurred during the North-East monsoon season as a result of heavy rain due to Cyclone Michaung. The Chennai flood damaged many houses leaving people on the streets. More than 18,000 people were displaced and evacuated to relief camps on higher ground around the city. Over 12 people were killed in rain-related incidents. | 2023-12-06T04:58:13Z | 2023-12-06T18:53:36Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Use Indian English",
"Template:Cite news"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Chennai_floods |
75,496,129 | Strong Style Evolution | Strong Style Evolution was a professional wrestling event produced by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). It took place on May 3, 1997 at the Osaka Dome in Osaka, Japan.
Ten professional wrestling matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Shinya Hashimoto defeated Naoya Ogawa via submission to retain the IWGP Heavyweight Championship.
Other major featured matches on the card included Kensuke Sasaki and Riki Choshu versus Bull Powers (Manabu Nakanishi and Satoshi Kojima) for the IWGP Tag Team Championship, Antonio Inoki and Tiger King versus Jushin Liger and Yoshiaki Fujiwara, Lex Luger and The Giant versus Buff Bagwell and Scott Norton, and Keiji Muto and The Steiner Brothers (Rick Steiner and Scott Steiner) versus Masahiro Chono and The Outsiders (Kevin Nash and Scott Hall) in a six-man tag team match. The event also featured the return of Tokimitsu Ishizawa, who debuted the character Kendo Kashin in NJPW against Kazuo Yamazaki in a losing effort.
At Battle Formation, Naoya Ogawa made his IWGP debut against the IWGP Heavyweight Champion Shinya Hashimoto in a non-title Different Style Fight. Ogawa shocked the crowd by knocking out Hashimoto with a choke and getting the upset win over the champion. This win earned Ogawa, a title shot against Hashimoto for the Heavyweight Championship at Strong Style Evolution.
The event started with a two out of three falls ten-man tag team match pitting Kaientai DX (Dick Togo, Hanzo Nakajima and Men's Teioh), Koji Kanemoto and Shinjiro Otani against the team of El Samurai, Gran Hamada, Norio Honaga, Super Delfin and The Great Sasuke. Kanemoto claimed the first fall for his team by pinning Delfin after a double chickenwing suplex. The second fall was scored when Togo delivered a diving senton to Honaga after a powerslam.
In the following match, Tokimitsu Ishizawa made his return to NJPW as "Kendo Kashin" against Kazuo Yamazaki. Yamazaki made Kashin submit to the sleeper hold for the win.
Next, Kengo Kimura took on Shiro Koshinaka. After countering a back body drop by Kimura, Koshinaka hit a diving hip attack and a powerbomb for the win.
Next, Tatsumi Fujinami took on Hiroyoshi Tenzan. Fujinami made Tenzan submit to the Cobra Twist for the win.
Next, Tadao Yasuda and Takashi Iizuka took on nWo Sting and Syxx in the first New Japan versus nWo series of matches of the event. Syxx delivered a Northern Lights suplex to Yasuda for the win.
Next, Lex Luger and The Giant represented WCW against nWo's Buff Bagwell and Scott Norton. Luger applied a Torture Rack on Norton to score the win but Hiro Saito and Hiroyoshi Tenzan interfered in the match, allowing Norton to hit an elbow drop to Luger for the win. Saito and Tenzan would then confirm their allegiance to nWo Japan as the newest members of the faction.
Later, a match took place pitting NJPW's Keiji Muto and WCW's The Steiner Brothers (Rick Steiner and Scott Steiner) took on nWo's Masahiro Chono and The Outsiders (Kevin Nash and Scott Hall). Nash delivered a Jackknife Powerbomb to Rick for the win.
It was followed by a match pitting Antonio Inoki and Tiger King against Jushin Liger and Yoshiaki Fujiwara. Inoki made Fujiwara submit to the sleeper hold for the win.
The following match was the penultimate match, in which Kensuke Sasaki and Riki Choshu defended the IWGP Tag Team Championship against Bull Powers (Manabu Nakanishi and Satoshi Kojima). The match ended in a double submission as Nakanishi had applied a backbreaker rack on Sasaki while Kojima made Choshu submit to the dragon sleeper for the win. As a result, Bull Powers won the Tag Team Championship.
In the main event, Shinya Hashimoto defended the IWGP Heavyweight Championship against Naoya Ogawa. Hashimoto eventually hit a massive kick to Ogawa's head to knock him out and Satoru Sayama threw in the towel on behalf of Ogawa. As a result, Hashimoto won the match and retained the title.
Strong Style Evolution was a major success, drawing a crowd of 53,000 fans, with an estimated revenue of $4,000,000 from ticket sales.
According to Jason Manning of Puroresu Central, the event was a "fun show to just sit back, watch, and suck in its greatness." He believed that almost all of the matches were "for the most part fun minus the (Kendo) Kashin match" and had specific praise for the opening ten-man tag team match as "must-see wrestling for everyone".
Bull Powers held the IWGP Tag Team Championship for the next three months until Kensuke Sasaki regained the titles with Kazuo Yamazaki by defeating Bull Powers for the titles at The Four Heaven.
Shinya Hashimoto and Naoya Ogawa resumed their rivalry in 1998 and a rubber match between the two took place at Wrestling World 1999, which ended in a no contest. A rematch occurred at Final Dome, where Ogawa retained the NWA World Heavyweight Championship against Hashimoto by knocking him out with stiff kicks, forcing the referee Tatsumi Fujinami to stop the match. Ogawa finally defeated Hashimoto for a decisive win at Dome Impact to end the rivalry. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Strong Style Evolution was a professional wrestling event produced by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). It took place on May 3, 1997 at the Osaka Dome in Osaka, Japan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ten professional wrestling matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Shinya Hashimoto defeated Naoya Ogawa via submission to retain the IWGP Heavyweight Championship.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Other major featured matches on the card included Kensuke Sasaki and Riki Choshu versus Bull Powers (Manabu Nakanishi and Satoshi Kojima) for the IWGP Tag Team Championship, Antonio Inoki and Tiger King versus Jushin Liger and Yoshiaki Fujiwara, Lex Luger and The Giant versus Buff Bagwell and Scott Norton, and Keiji Muto and The Steiner Brothers (Rick Steiner and Scott Steiner) versus Masahiro Chono and The Outsiders (Kevin Nash and Scott Hall) in a six-man tag team match. The event also featured the return of Tokimitsu Ishizawa, who debuted the character Kendo Kashin in NJPW against Kazuo Yamazaki in a losing effort.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "At Battle Formation, Naoya Ogawa made his IWGP debut against the IWGP Heavyweight Champion Shinya Hashimoto in a non-title Different Style Fight. Ogawa shocked the crowd by knocking out Hashimoto with a choke and getting the upset win over the champion. This win earned Ogawa, a title shot against Hashimoto for the Heavyweight Championship at Strong Style Evolution.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
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"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In the following match, Tokimitsu Ishizawa made his return to NJPW as \"Kendo Kashin\" against Kazuo Yamazaki. Yamazaki made Kashin submit to the sleeper hold for the win.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Next, Kengo Kimura took on Shiro Koshinaka. After countering a back body drop by Kimura, Koshinaka hit a diving hip attack and a powerbomb for the win.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Next, Tatsumi Fujinami took on Hiroyoshi Tenzan. Fujinami made Tenzan submit to the Cobra Twist for the win.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Next, Tadao Yasuda and Takashi Iizuka took on nWo Sting and Syxx in the first New Japan versus nWo series of matches of the event. Syxx delivered a Northern Lights suplex to Yasuda for the win.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Next, Lex Luger and The Giant represented WCW against nWo's Buff Bagwell and Scott Norton. Luger applied a Torture Rack on Norton to score the win but Hiro Saito and Hiroyoshi Tenzan interfered in the match, allowing Norton to hit an elbow drop to Luger for the win. Saito and Tenzan would then confirm their allegiance to nWo Japan as the newest members of the faction.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Later, a match took place pitting NJPW's Keiji Muto and WCW's The Steiner Brothers (Rick Steiner and Scott Steiner) took on nWo's Masahiro Chono and The Outsiders (Kevin Nash and Scott Hall). Nash delivered a Jackknife Powerbomb to Rick for the win.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "It was followed by a match pitting Antonio Inoki and Tiger King against Jushin Liger and Yoshiaki Fujiwara. Inoki made Fujiwara submit to the sleeper hold for the win.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The following match was the penultimate match, in which Kensuke Sasaki and Riki Choshu defended the IWGP Tag Team Championship against Bull Powers (Manabu Nakanishi and Satoshi Kojima). The match ended in a double submission as Nakanishi had applied a backbreaker rack on Sasaki while Kojima made Choshu submit to the dragon sleeper for the win. As a result, Bull Powers won the Tag Team Championship.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In the main event, Shinya Hashimoto defended the IWGP Heavyweight Championship against Naoya Ogawa. Hashimoto eventually hit a massive kick to Ogawa's head to knock him out and Satoru Sayama threw in the towel on behalf of Ogawa. As a result, Hashimoto won the match and retained the title.",
"title": "Event"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Strong Style Evolution was a major success, drawing a crowd of 53,000 fans, with an estimated revenue of $4,000,000 from ticket sales.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "According to Jason Manning of Puroresu Central, the event was a \"fun show to just sit back, watch, and suck in its greatness.\" He believed that almost all of the matches were \"for the most part fun minus the (Kendo) Kashin match\" and had specific praise for the opening ten-man tag team match as \"must-see wrestling for everyone\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Bull Powers held the IWGP Tag Team Championship for the next three months until Kensuke Sasaki regained the titles with Kazuo Yamazaki by defeating Bull Powers for the titles at The Four Heaven.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Shinya Hashimoto and Naoya Ogawa resumed their rivalry in 1998 and a rubber match between the two took place at Wrestling World 1999, which ended in a no contest. A rematch occurred at Final Dome, where Ogawa retained the NWA World Heavyweight Championship against Hashimoto by knocking him out with stiff kicks, forcing the referee Tatsumi Fujinami to stop the match. Ogawa finally defeated Hashimoto for a decisive win at Dome Impact to end the rivalry.",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | Strong Style Evolution was a professional wrestling event produced by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). It took place on May 3, 1997 at the Osaka Dome in Osaka, Japan. Ten professional wrestling matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Shinya Hashimoto defeated Naoya Ogawa via submission to retain the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. Other major featured matches on the card included Kensuke Sasaki and Riki Choshu versus Bull Powers for the IWGP Tag Team Championship, Antonio Inoki and Tiger King versus Jushin Liger and Yoshiaki Fujiwara, Lex Luger and The Giant versus Buff Bagwell and Scott Norton, and Keiji Muto and The Steiner Brothers versus Masahiro Chono and The Outsiders in a six-man tag team match. The event also featured the return of Tokimitsu Ishizawa, who debuted the character Kendo Kashin in NJPW against Kazuo Yamazaki in a losing effort. | 2023-12-06T04:58:38Z | 2023-12-07T07:14:12Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_Style_Evolution |
75,496,135 | Prison-to-college program | A prison-to-college program is a type of prison education program which provides incarcerated and formerly incarcerated individuals access to various forms of postsecondary education to increase employment opportunities and reduce post-release recidivism rates. These programs have expanded in prisons, jails, and juvenile detention centers across the United States amid calls for criminal justice reform and improving outcomes for justice-involved individuals. However, there are ongoing debates about the effectiveness of these initiatives.
While prison education programs have existed in some capacity for decades, there has been a surge of interest and expansion of programs since 2014. This heightened attention corresponds with the declining prison population after hitting peak incarceration rates between 2006 and 2008, as well as growing bipartisan support for criminal justice reform. Providing access to education aligned with employers' needs has been viewed as one strategy for facilitating the rehabilitation and reentry of justice-involved individuals.
Several factors have contributed to the growth of prison-to-college pipelines. There has been increasing evidence that the denial of Pell Grants for incarcerated students as part of the 1994 Crime Bill negatively impacted incarceration, recidivism, and employment trends. Coupled with research showing positive outcomes from correctional education programs, policymakers reconsidered restrictions on Pell grant access. In 2015, the U.S. Department of Education launched the Second Chance Pell pilot program, allowing certain colleges and universities to award Pell grants to qualified incarcerated students. This pilot program was made permanent in 2022 under the Consolidated Appropriations Act. Additionally, technological innovations have enabled greater access to distance learning courses for those behind bars. As of 2022, correctional postsecondary education has expanded to include college-in-prison, prison-to-college pipeline programs, and reentry services on college campuses for returning citizens.
According to research, higher education can significantly contribute to successful reintegration and lower recidivism rates among this population. However, other obstacles make going to college challenging for people involved in the criminal system. Approximately 50% of those behind bars still need a GED or a high school diploma. While some prisoners obtain these qualifications while incarcerated, only some can enroll in college courses. Transitioning to college after release is a significant issue due to systemic impediments, including stigma, financial assistance constraints, and admissions restrictions. Several states, universities, and nonprofit organizations have created focused programs and projects to establish prison-to-college pipelines in recognition of these obstacles. These aim to give prisoners a way to start or finish their postsecondary education when released.
Diverse program models and partnerships have emerged between institutes of higher education (IHEs) and correctional systems to provide postsecondary educational opportunities. Some common approaches include College-in-prison programs where IHE faculty teach courses on-site at correctional facilities that build towards certifications or degrees. Imprisoned college tutors may also facilitate courses. Hybrid programs that offer a mix of in-person and distance learning courses using technology like secure tablet devices. This increases flexibility and course options. Prison-college pipeline programs that support admitted students to continue pursuing their degrees post-release at partner colleges, which may offer scholarships, reentry planning, and supportive services. Expanded reentry services for returning college-bound citizens to provide mentoring, counseling, career support, and meet other needs to help persistence and completion. Programs vary substantially in cost, credit offerings, accreditation status, vocational vs. liberal arts focus, and support services provided, contributing to outcome variability. Several states have developed centralized hubs, like the California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office of Correctional Education, to coordinate programs, funding, and policy across campuses. This alliance of community college programs offers credit-bearing classes in 35 prisons throughout California. In 2017, there were more than 5,000 enrolled students. The College after Prison Workshop was created due to research on the educational experiences of women who had completed their sentences. It seeks to lower perceived barriers to continuing higher education after discharge and raise college self-efficacy. However, Lampe-Martin and Beasley found that state-level coordination gaps still inhibit the pipeline for many students.
Lim's case study specifically focuses on the transformative effects of Cal State LA's Prison B.A. Graduation Initiative. The study involves 45 students, demonstrating that college education in prison enhances hope, humanity, and transformation, even for those serving life sentences.
The politics of restoring voting rights after incarceration presents challenges in the re-enfranchisement process. While 12 states permanently deny voting rights, there are processes for restoration. Understanding these processes is vital for addressing broader issues of social justice and successful prisoner reentry.
Research on the effectiveness of prison-to-college programs is still emerging, but initial studies are promising. An evaluation by the RAND Corporation found Second Chance Pell recipients had 48% higher odds of securing employment post-release, higher wages, and lower rates of recidivism relative to non-participants. Public surveys have also shown strong bipartisan support for expanding these initiatives to give second chances, especially for juveniles. However, there are inconsistencies in the strength of existing evidence. More data is needed to track long-term outcomes like program completion, post-release enrollment, credential attainment, and persistence in degree programs. One study found that while 91% of surveyed programs offer transitional support, only 4% track student outcomes for more than one academic year post-release, indicating pipeline gaps. There are also equity concerns around disproportionate program availability along racial lines and access for justice-involved students with disabilities.
Overall, increased access to high-quality, accredited prison-to-college program shows promise for improving outcomes. However, critical analysis by justice-impacted students argues that broader policy changes are imperative to dismantling the societal inequalities that contribute to mass incarceration in the first place. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "A prison-to-college program is a type of prison education program which provides incarcerated and formerly incarcerated individuals access to various forms of postsecondary education to increase employment opportunities and reduce post-release recidivism rates. These programs have expanded in prisons, jails, and juvenile detention centers across the United States amid calls for criminal justice reform and improving outcomes for justice-involved individuals. However, there are ongoing debates about the effectiveness of these initiatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "While prison education programs have existed in some capacity for decades, there has been a surge of interest and expansion of programs since 2014. This heightened attention corresponds with the declining prison population after hitting peak incarceration rates between 2006 and 2008, as well as growing bipartisan support for criminal justice reform. Providing access to education aligned with employers' needs has been viewed as one strategy for facilitating the rehabilitation and reentry of justice-involved individuals.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Several factors have contributed to the growth of prison-to-college pipelines. There has been increasing evidence that the denial of Pell Grants for incarcerated students as part of the 1994 Crime Bill negatively impacted incarceration, recidivism, and employment trends. Coupled with research showing positive outcomes from correctional education programs, policymakers reconsidered restrictions on Pell grant access. In 2015, the U.S. Department of Education launched the Second Chance Pell pilot program, allowing certain colleges and universities to award Pell grants to qualified incarcerated students. This pilot program was made permanent in 2022 under the Consolidated Appropriations Act. Additionally, technological innovations have enabled greater access to distance learning courses for those behind bars. As of 2022, correctional postsecondary education has expanded to include college-in-prison, prison-to-college pipeline programs, and reentry services on college campuses for returning citizens.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "According to research, higher education can significantly contribute to successful reintegration and lower recidivism rates among this population. However, other obstacles make going to college challenging for people involved in the criminal system. Approximately 50% of those behind bars still need a GED or a high school diploma. While some prisoners obtain these qualifications while incarcerated, only some can enroll in college courses. Transitioning to college after release is a significant issue due to systemic impediments, including stigma, financial assistance constraints, and admissions restrictions. Several states, universities, and nonprofit organizations have created focused programs and projects to establish prison-to-college pipelines in recognition of these obstacles. These aim to give prisoners a way to start or finish their postsecondary education when released.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Diverse program models and partnerships have emerged between institutes of higher education (IHEs) and correctional systems to provide postsecondary educational opportunities. Some common approaches include College-in-prison programs where IHE faculty teach courses on-site at correctional facilities that build towards certifications or degrees. Imprisoned college tutors may also facilitate courses. Hybrid programs that offer a mix of in-person and distance learning courses using technology like secure tablet devices. This increases flexibility and course options. Prison-college pipeline programs that support admitted students to continue pursuing their degrees post-release at partner colleges, which may offer scholarships, reentry planning, and supportive services. Expanded reentry services for returning college-bound citizens to provide mentoring, counseling, career support, and meet other needs to help persistence and completion. Programs vary substantially in cost, credit offerings, accreditation status, vocational vs. liberal arts focus, and support services provided, contributing to outcome variability. Several states have developed centralized hubs, like the California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office of Correctional Education, to coordinate programs, funding, and policy across campuses. This alliance of community college programs offers credit-bearing classes in 35 prisons throughout California. In 2017, there were more than 5,000 enrolled students. The College after Prison Workshop was created due to research on the educational experiences of women who had completed their sentences. It seeks to lower perceived barriers to continuing higher education after discharge and raise college self-efficacy. However, Lampe-Martin and Beasley found that state-level coordination gaps still inhibit the pipeline for many students.",
"title": "Program models"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Lim's case study specifically focuses on the transformative effects of Cal State LA's Prison B.A. Graduation Initiative. The study involves 45 students, demonstrating that college education in prison enhances hope, humanity, and transformation, even for those serving life sentences.",
"title": "Cal State LA's Prison B.A. Graduation Initiative"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The politics of restoring voting rights after incarceration presents challenges in the re-enfranchisement process. While 12 states permanently deny voting rights, there are processes for restoration. Understanding these processes is vital for addressing broader issues of social justice and successful prisoner reentry.",
"title": "Felony disenfranchisement"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Research on the effectiveness of prison-to-college programs is still emerging, but initial studies are promising. An evaluation by the RAND Corporation found Second Chance Pell recipients had 48% higher odds of securing employment post-release, higher wages, and lower rates of recidivism relative to non-participants. Public surveys have also shown strong bipartisan support for expanding these initiatives to give second chances, especially for juveniles. However, there are inconsistencies in the strength of existing evidence. More data is needed to track long-term outcomes like program completion, post-release enrollment, credential attainment, and persistence in degree programs. One study found that while 91% of surveyed programs offer transitional support, only 4% track student outcomes for more than one academic year post-release, indicating pipeline gaps. There are also equity concerns around disproportionate program availability along racial lines and access for justice-involved students with disabilities.",
"title": "Effectiveness"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Overall, increased access to high-quality, accredited prison-to-college program shows promise for improving outcomes. However, critical analysis by justice-impacted students argues that broader policy changes are imperative to dismantling the societal inequalities that contribute to mass incarceration in the first place.",
"title": "Effectiveness"
}
] | A prison-to-college program is a type of prison education program which provides incarcerated and formerly incarcerated individuals access to various forms of postsecondary education to increase employment opportunities and reduce post-release recidivism rates. These programs have expanded in prisons, jails, and juvenile detention centers across the United States amid calls for criminal justice reform and improving outcomes for justice-involved individuals. However, there are ongoing debates about the effectiveness of these initiatives. | 2023-12-06T04:59:33Z | 2023-12-13T03:12:32Z | [
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75,496,144 | Sufian Tayeh | Sufian Tayeh (Arabic: سفيان تايه; 20 August 1971 – 2 December 2023), also known as Abu Osama, was a Palestinian scientist who served as president of the Islamic University of Gaza from August 2023 until his death in December 2023. He was killed in an airstrike by the IDF along with his family during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. Tayeh was 52.
Sufian Tayeh was born in 1971 in Jabalia Camp of northern Gaza. He received his primary education in the UNRWA school in the camp. He obtained a Bachelor's degree in Physics from the Islamic University of Gaza in 1994 and in the same year he began working for the university.
He was a leading researcher in physics and applied mathematics. In 2021, Tayeh was classified being in the 2% of the best researchers in the world. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sufian Tayeh (Arabic: سفيان تايه; 20 August 1971 – 2 December 2023), also known as Abu Osama, was a Palestinian scientist who served as president of the Islamic University of Gaza from August 2023 until his death in December 2023. He was killed in an airstrike by the IDF along with his family during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. Tayeh was 52.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Sufian Tayeh was born in 1971 in Jabalia Camp of northern Gaza. He received his primary education in the UNRWA school in the camp. He obtained a Bachelor's degree in Physics from the Islamic University of Gaza in 1994 and in the same year he began working for the university.",
"title": "Early life and education"
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{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He was a leading researcher in physics and applied mathematics. In 2021, Tayeh was classified being in the 2% of the best researchers in the world.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Sufian Tayeh, also known as Abu Osama, was a Palestinian scientist who served as president of the Islamic University of Gaza from August 2023 until his death in December 2023. He was killed in an airstrike by the IDF along with his family during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. Tayeh was 52. | 2023-12-06T05:03:11Z | 2023-12-27T17:23:04Z | [
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75,496,158 | 1 Club | 1 Club, one of clubs, First Club, one-percent club, Number 1 Club, may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "1 Club, one of clubs, First Club, one-percent club, Number 1 Club, may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | 1 Club, one of clubs, First Club, one-percent club, Number 1 Club, may refer to: | 2023-12-06T05:07:39Z | 2023-12-07T13:18:48Z | [
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75,496,166 | Jorge Choquetarqui | Jorge Adalberto Choquetarqui Jahuircata (born 23 April 1968) is a Bolivian community organizer and politician who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz from 2010 to 2015.
Born and brought up in El Alto, Choquetarqui worked as a micro-business owner involved in several ventures, including textile manufacturing. He took an interest in the extensive network of community associations and organizations covering the city. He served on the neighborhood council of the 16 de Julio zone and assumed leadership positions on the school board at his primary school alma mater.
Elected president of the El Alto Parents' Federation in 2006, Choquetarqui led the organization through 2010. The sector's alignment with the government of Evo Morales cleared the path for his election to the Chamber of Deputies on the Movement for Socialism ticket in 2009. His organization's decision to put forward new representatives in 2014 meant he was not nominated for reelection.
Jorge Choquetarqui was born on 24 April 1968 in El Alto, in what was then a main district of the city of La Paz. He was raised by his father in a single-parent household alongside three siblings; their mother died when Choquetarqui was 7 years old. He began living independently at around age 15.
Choquetarqui attended the Los Andes Educational Unit located two blocks from his home until fifth grade primary. He completed his upper primary and secondary education at the state school Juvenal Mariaca, where he received his baccalaureate [es] in 1988. Although he initially pursued a degree in communication studies at the Higher University of San Andrés, lack of finances forced him to drop out after two years.
In the years after leaving university, Choquetarqui juggled several entrepreneurial ventures: he operated a small enterprise manufacturing local textiles, made a business purchasing and selling motorcycles, and provided share taxi services from two minibuses he owned.
Around this time, Choquetarqui became involved in his children's schooling due to deficiencies in the institutes they attended. His support for volunteer efforts led him to serve on the neighborhood council of the 16 de Julio zone of El Alto from 2001 to 2002, and he was elected to the school board of his alma mater, Los Andes, in 2003. Starting as general secretary, he later served as vice president and president of the body through to 2006.
In 2006, Choquetarqui was elected president of the El Alto Parents' Federation (FEDEPAF), the governing body representing the municipality's myriad school boards and parent-teacher associations. Reelected to a second two-year term in 2008, he was also made secretary of organizations on the National Parents' Board of Bolivia and served as the association's representative in El Alto.
Choquetarqui's tenure at the head of FEDEPAF maneuvered the organization through a complex web of ties with the government and other social movements. As with other associations, the relationship between FEDEPAF and the incumbent Evo Morales administration fluctuated on a dime between cooperation and antagonism, although the core state-union alliance prevailed in the long term. In a similar sense, FEDEPAF maintained a friend-foe accord with the nation's teachers' unions – allies around shared demands, adversaries during periods of prolonged strikes by education workers.
Choquetarqui won a seat in the Chamber of Deputies on the Movement for Socialism (MAS) party list in the 2009 election. In typical MAS fashion, the nomination owed not to his influence in the party but to his prominence within allied organizations. FEDEPAF, as a constituent member of the Regional Workers' Center of El Alto (COR), had selected Choquetarqui as part of the COR's quota of representatives on the MAS's parliamentary slate.
This delicate network of alliances between disparate – often conflicting – social movement organizations was a major factor in the MAS's rise to electoral dominance. This is exemplified by the election of Choquetarqui of the parents' associations on the same list as Gilda Oporto of the teachers' unions, despite recurrent quarrels between their respective sectors.
Choquetarqui split his service in the Chamber of Deputies between two parliamentary committees: that of cultures from 2010 to 2013 and that of gender rights from 2013 to 2015. He led the MAS bench in La Paz from 2013 to 2014 and was president of the department's parliamentary delegation from 2014 to 2015. On the international stage, Choquetarqui was vice president for Bolivia at the Andean Parliament from 2011 to 2012.
At the end of his term, Choquetarqui was not put forward for reelection. The lack of permanence in office among MAS lawmakers became commonplace through successive cycles. Since the initial nomination had been the purview of the member's organization rather than the party, so too was the decision to re-nominate; in most cases, it was preferred instead to promote new leadership.
Online and list sources
Digital and print publications
Books and encyclopedias | [
{
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},
{
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"title": ""
},
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"text": "Elected president of the El Alto Parents' Federation in 2006, Choquetarqui led the organization through 2010. The sector's alignment with the government of Evo Morales cleared the path for his election to the Chamber of Deputies on the Movement for Socialism ticket in 2009. His organization's decision to put forward new representatives in 2014 meant he was not nominated for reelection.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Jorge Choquetarqui was born on 24 April 1968 in El Alto, in what was then a main district of the city of La Paz. He was raised by his father in a single-parent household alongside three siblings; their mother died when Choquetarqui was 7 years old. He began living independently at around age 15.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Choquetarqui attended the Los Andes Educational Unit located two blocks from his home until fifth grade primary. He completed his upper primary and secondary education at the state school Juvenal Mariaca, where he received his baccalaureate [es] in 1988. Although he initially pursued a degree in communication studies at the Higher University of San Andrés, lack of finances forced him to drop out after two years.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In the years after leaving university, Choquetarqui juggled several entrepreneurial ventures: he operated a small enterprise manufacturing local textiles, made a business purchasing and selling motorcycles, and provided share taxi services from two minibuses he owned.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Around this time, Choquetarqui became involved in his children's schooling due to deficiencies in the institutes they attended. His support for volunteer efforts led him to serve on the neighborhood council of the 16 de Julio zone of El Alto from 2001 to 2002, and he was elected to the school board of his alma mater, Los Andes, in 2003. Starting as general secretary, he later served as vice president and president of the body through to 2006.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In 2006, Choquetarqui was elected president of the El Alto Parents' Federation (FEDEPAF), the governing body representing the municipality's myriad school boards and parent-teacher associations. Reelected to a second two-year term in 2008, he was also made secretary of organizations on the National Parents' Board of Bolivia and served as the association's representative in El Alto.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Choquetarqui's tenure at the head of FEDEPAF maneuvered the organization through a complex web of ties with the government and other social movements. As with other associations, the relationship between FEDEPAF and the incumbent Evo Morales administration fluctuated on a dime between cooperation and antagonism, although the core state-union alliance prevailed in the long term. In a similar sense, FEDEPAF maintained a friend-foe accord with the nation's teachers' unions – allies around shared demands, adversaries during periods of prolonged strikes by education workers.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Choquetarqui won a seat in the Chamber of Deputies on the Movement for Socialism (MAS) party list in the 2009 election. In typical MAS fashion, the nomination owed not to his influence in the party but to his prominence within allied organizations. FEDEPAF, as a constituent member of the Regional Workers' Center of El Alto (COR), had selected Choquetarqui as part of the COR's quota of representatives on the MAS's parliamentary slate.",
"title": "Chamber of Deputies"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "This delicate network of alliances between disparate – often conflicting – social movement organizations was a major factor in the MAS's rise to electoral dominance. This is exemplified by the election of Choquetarqui of the parents' associations on the same list as Gilda Oporto of the teachers' unions, despite recurrent quarrels between their respective sectors.",
"title": "Chamber of Deputies"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Choquetarqui split his service in the Chamber of Deputies between two parliamentary committees: that of cultures from 2010 to 2013 and that of gender rights from 2013 to 2015. He led the MAS bench in La Paz from 2013 to 2014 and was president of the department's parliamentary delegation from 2014 to 2015. On the international stage, Choquetarqui was vice president for Bolivia at the Andean Parliament from 2011 to 2012.",
"title": "Chamber of Deputies"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "At the end of his term, Choquetarqui was not put forward for reelection. The lack of permanence in office among MAS lawmakers became commonplace through successive cycles. Since the initial nomination had been the purview of the member's organization rather than the party, so too was the decision to re-nominate; in most cases, it was preferred instead to promote new leadership.",
"title": "Chamber of Deputies"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Online and list sources",
"title": "References"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Digital and print publications",
"title": "References"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Books and encyclopedias",
"title": "References"
}
] | Jorge Adalberto Choquetarqui Jahuircata is a Bolivian community organizer and politician who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz from 2010 to 2015. Born and brought up in El Alto, Choquetarqui worked as a micro-business owner involved in several ventures, including textile manufacturing. He took an interest in the extensive network of community associations and organizations covering the city. He served on the neighborhood council of the 16 de Julio zone and assumed leadership positions on the school board at his primary school alma mater. Elected president of the El Alto Parents' Federation in 2006, Choquetarqui led the organization through 2010. The sector's alignment with the government of Evo Morales cleared the path for his election to the Chamber of Deputies on the Movement for Socialism ticket in 2009. His organization's decision to put forward new representatives in 2014 meant he was not nominated for reelection. | 2023-12-06T05:09:28Z | 2023-12-26T16:36:38Z | [
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75,496,167 | Tollef | Tollef is a given name. Notable people with the name include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tollef is a given name. Notable people with the name include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Tollef is a given name. Notable people with the name include: Tollef Kilde (1853–1947), Norwegian politician
Tollef Landsverk (1920–1988), Norwegian judge and civil servant
Tollef Edward Moen (1870–1950), American politician
Tollef Tollefsen (1885–1963), Norwegian rower | 2023-12-06T05:10:04Z | 2023-12-06T05:10:04Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tollef |
75,496,355 | 2024 in Montenegro | Events in the year 2024 in Montenegro.
Source: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Events in the year 2024 in Montenegro.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "Holidays"
}
] | Events in the year 2024 in Montenegro. | 2023-12-06T05:23:24Z | 2024-01-01T00:43:18Z | [
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75,496,405 | Bheemunipatnam Assembly constituency | Bheemunipatnam Assembly constituency was a constituency in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh that elected representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It was one of six assembly segments in the Visakhapatnam Lok Sabha constituency.
The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951) and abolished in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Bheemunipatnam Assembly constituency was a constituency in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh that elected representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It was one of six assembly segments in the Visakhapatnam Lok Sabha constituency.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951) and abolished in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008).",
"title": ""
}
] | Bheemunipatnam Assembly constituency was a constituency in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh that elected representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It was one of six assembly segments in the Visakhapatnam Lok Sabha constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951) and abolished in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008). | 2023-12-06T05:27:22Z | 2023-12-20T10:41:19Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bheemunipatnam_Assembly_constituency |
75,496,504 | Lynching of women in the United States | The lynching of women in the United States refers to the extrajudicial killing of women between the 1830s and the 1960s. While the majority of lynching victims were African-American men and boys, the majority of female lynching victims were African-American women and girls. The lynching of Black women has sometimes been understudied by academics and overlooked by the general public. The role of white women as perpetrators of lynching is also understudied. Between 1865 and 1965, of around 5,000 Black lynching victims, between 120 and 200 Black women and girls were lynched, or around 3% to 4% of all victims. A small number of women lynching victims were white, some of whom were lynched for associating with African Americans. Other women lynching victims were Indigenous, Latina, or Asian. While women lynching victims were often "successfully demonized", the lynching of white women was more likely to cause "shock, horror, and condemnation" from the general public.
Due to the invisibility of Black women lynching victims, inaccuracies in historical scholarship, and cases of unconfirmed lynchings, compiling statistics regarding Black women lynchings presents challenges for researchers and historians. There also remains scholarly debate as to what constitutes lynching. In addition to extrajudicial killings of Black women and girls, many were also victims of legal executions and riots that targeted Black Americans regardless of sex. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The lynching of women in the United States refers to the extrajudicial killing of women between the 1830s and the 1960s. While the majority of lynching victims were African-American men and boys, the majority of female lynching victims were African-American women and girls. The lynching of Black women has sometimes been understudied by academics and overlooked by the general public. The role of white women as perpetrators of lynching is also understudied. Between 1865 and 1965, of around 5,000 Black lynching victims, between 120 and 200 Black women and girls were lynched, or around 3% to 4% of all victims. A small number of women lynching victims were white, some of whom were lynched for associating with African Americans. Other women lynching victims were Indigenous, Latina, or Asian. While women lynching victims were often \"successfully demonized\", the lynching of white women was more likely to cause \"shock, horror, and condemnation\" from the general public.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Due to the invisibility of Black women lynching victims, inaccuracies in historical scholarship, and cases of unconfirmed lynchings, compiling statistics regarding Black women lynchings presents challenges for researchers and historians. There also remains scholarly debate as to what constitutes lynching. In addition to extrajudicial killings of Black women and girls, many were also victims of legal executions and riots that targeted Black Americans regardless of sex.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The lynching of women in the United States refers to the extrajudicial killing of women between the 1830s and the 1960s. While the majority of lynching victims were African-American men and boys, the majority of female lynching victims were African-American women and girls. The lynching of Black women has sometimes been understudied by academics and overlooked by the general public. The role of white women as perpetrators of lynching is also understudied. Between 1865 and 1965, of around 5,000 Black lynching victims, between 120 and 200 Black women and girls were lynched, or around 3% to 4% of all victims. A small number of women lynching victims were white, some of whom were lynched for associating with African Americans. Other women lynching victims were Indigenous, Latina, or Asian. While women lynching victims were often "successfully demonized", the lynching of white women was more likely to cause "shock, horror, and condemnation" from the general public. | 2023-12-06T05:33:23Z | 2023-12-07T23:37:43Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynching_of_women_in_the_United_States |
75,496,511 | Rebooting (TV series) | Rebooting (Japanese: ブラッシュアップライフ) is a Japanese fantasy comedy drama starring Sakura Ando. It was first broadcast on January 8, 2023, on Nippon TV and is available online on Hulu. Comedian Bakarhythm wrote the scenario with music composed by Fox Capture Plan.
Set in Kumagaya, Saitama. Focuses on 33 years old Asami Kondo and the people whom she spends her daily life with in the city. She works at a town hall and lives with her parents and younger sister. Despite having a normal, dull life she is particularly satisfied with it. When she met her demise after getting hit by a truck, she finds herself in a completely white room leading to a reception where she finds out she could choose to either reincarnate as a Giant anteater or start over her life. Choosing the latter, Asami decides to life over her live as she accumulate good deeds so she could reincarnate as human in the next life. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rebooting (Japanese: ブラッシュアップライフ) is a Japanese fantasy comedy drama starring Sakura Ando. It was first broadcast on January 8, 2023, on Nippon TV and is available online on Hulu. Comedian Bakarhythm wrote the scenario with music composed by Fox Capture Plan.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Set in Kumagaya, Saitama. Focuses on 33 years old Asami Kondo and the people whom she spends her daily life with in the city. She works at a town hall and lives with her parents and younger sister. Despite having a normal, dull life she is particularly satisfied with it. When she met her demise after getting hit by a truck, she finds herself in a completely white room leading to a reception where she finds out she could choose to either reincarnate as a Giant anteater or start over her life. Choosing the latter, Asami decides to life over her live as she accumulate good deeds so she could reincarnate as human in the next life.",
"title": "Plot"
}
] | Rebooting is a Japanese fantasy comedy drama starring Sakura Ando. It was first broadcast on January 8, 2023, on Nippon TV and is available online on Hulu. Comedian Bakarhythm wrote the scenario with music composed by Fox Capture Plan. | 2023-12-06T05:34:27Z | 2023-12-15T00:50:02Z | [
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75,496,610 | Joan Guàrdia | Joan Guàrdia i Olmos (Barcelona, 1958) is a full professor of psychology at the University of Barcelona, and the 48th Rector of the same university since December 2020. In December 2023 he was reelected rector of the University of Barcelona.
He is professor of Behavioral Sciences Methodology at the Faculty of Psychology. He arrived at the University of Barcelona as a student of the Faculty of Economic Sciences and combined these studies with those of Psychology, which he finished in 1985. Doctor in Psychology from the same university, he completed postgraduate studies at the University of Essex (UK) in 1989.
Expert in statistics and the systematic study of human behavior, he has taught in the Faculty of Psychology, but also in Pharmacy, Economics and Business, Geography and History, Nursing, Education and Biology.
He has published several books, more than 200 scientific articles, and has led more than 20 doctoral thesis. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Joan Guàrdia i Olmos (Barcelona, 1958) is a full professor of psychology at the University of Barcelona, and the 48th Rector of the same university since December 2020. In December 2023 he was reelected rector of the University of Barcelona.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He is professor of Behavioral Sciences Methodology at the Faculty of Psychology. He arrived at the University of Barcelona as a student of the Faculty of Economic Sciences and combined these studies with those of Psychology, which he finished in 1985. Doctor in Psychology from the same university, he completed postgraduate studies at the University of Essex (UK) in 1989.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Expert in statistics and the systematic study of human behavior, he has taught in the Faculty of Psychology, but also in Pharmacy, Economics and Business, Geography and History, Nursing, Education and Biology.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He has published several books, more than 200 scientific articles, and has led more than 20 doctoral thesis.",
"title": ""
}
] | Joan Guàrdia i Olmos is a full professor of psychology at the University of Barcelona, and the 48th Rector of the same university since December 2020. In December 2023 he was reelected rector of the University of Barcelona. He is professor of Behavioral Sciences Methodology at the Faculty of Psychology. He arrived at the University of Barcelona as a student of the Faculty of Economic Sciences and combined these studies with those of Psychology, which he finished in 1985. Doctor in Psychology from the same university, he completed postgraduate studies at the University of Essex (UK) in 1989. Expert in statistics and the systematic study of human behavior, he has taught in the Faculty of Psychology, but also in Pharmacy, Economics and Business, Geography and History, Nursing, Education and Biology. He has published several books, more than 200 scientific articles, and has led more than 20 doctoral thesis. | 2023-12-06T05:41:12Z | 2023-12-23T17:55:04Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Gu%C3%A0rdia |
75,496,660 | 2023 Harding Bisons football team | The 2023 Harding Bisons football team was an American football team that represented Harding University in the Great American Conference (GAC) during the 2023 NCAA Division II football season. In their sixth year under head coach Paul Simmons, the team compiled a perfect 15–0 record (11–0 against conference opponents), outscored opponents by a total of 665 to 156, and won the GAC and NCAA Division II championships. The team also set an NCAA record for most rushing yards in a season with 6,161 rushing yards.
The team finished the regular season ranked No. 2 among Division II programs and advanced to the NCAA Division II playoffs where they received a bye in the first round and defeated No. 6 Central Missouri (35–34) in the second round, No. 2 Grand Valley State (7–6) in the quarterfinals, and No. 11 Lenoir–Rhyne (55–14) in the semifinals. Through the December 16 victory over Colorado Mines, the Bison have won 18 consecutive games, the longest winning streak in program history. Harding defeated No. 1 Colorado Mines in the Division II national championship game on December 16, 38–7, to win the school's first national championship.
Harding defensive end Nathaniel Wallace was selected as the 2023 GAC Defensive Player of the Year. Paul Simmons was seleced as GAC Coach of the Year.
The team played its home games at First Security Stadium in Searcy, Arkansas.
The GAC coaches preseason poll was released on August 1, 2023. The Bisons were predicted to finish second in the conference. Ouachita Baptist was favored to win the conference.
at SNU Stadium, Bethany, Oklahoma
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
Entering the game, the Boll Weevils had the top offense in the GAC, scoring 53.5 points per game, but here weld to just 217 yards of offense against Harding.
at Carpenter–Haygood Stadium, Arkadelphia, Arkansas
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
Quarterback Cole Keylon completed five passes, each going to a different receiver.
at Ranger Field, Alva, Oklahoma
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
The no. 9 Bisons downed the no. 5 Tigers, handing Oauchita Baptist its first loss of the season.
at Memorial Stadium, El Dorado, Arkansas
at Paul Laird Field, Durant, Oklahoma
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
The Tigers were held to just 134 yards of total offense while Harding only attempted two passes, both of which were incomplete.
at Simmons Bank Field, Russellville, Arkansas
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
The Mules scored a touchdown with less than 30 seconds in regulation, needing an extra point to tie the game and potentially send it into overtime. However, Harding defensive lineman Gage Price blocked the game-tying PAT, securing the 35–34 victory for the Bisons.
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
In the quarterfinal round of the NCAA division II playoffs, Harding hosted no. 2 Grand Valley State from the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The Lakers entered the game with one of the best defenses in all of division II, holding opponents to an average of 17 points per game. The Lakers' defense held the Bisons scoreless for just over 56 minutes of game time before Harding quarterback Cole Keylon scored a 1-yard rushing touchdown.
at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas
at McKinney ISD Stadium, McKinney, Texas
On offense, Harding prioritizes the run game, averaging over 400 rushing yards per game. In a game against Southern Arkansas on October 21, the team rushed for 631 yards and had two players (Braden Jay and Blake Delacruz) each tally over 200 rushing yards.
On defense, the team has recorded four shutouts and has allowed per-game averages of 10.92 points, 74.2 rushing yards, and 158.62 passing yards.
The team's individual statistical leaders include:
Harding became the first team in NCAA history to rush for over 6,000 yards in a single season. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Harding Bisons football team was an American football team that represented Harding University in the Great American Conference (GAC) during the 2023 NCAA Division II football season. In their sixth year under head coach Paul Simmons, the team compiled a perfect 15–0 record (11–0 against conference opponents), outscored opponents by a total of 665 to 156, and won the GAC and NCAA Division II championships. The team also set an NCAA record for most rushing yards in a season with 6,161 rushing yards.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The team finished the regular season ranked No. 2 among Division II programs and advanced to the NCAA Division II playoffs where they received a bye in the first round and defeated No. 6 Central Missouri (35–34) in the second round, No. 2 Grand Valley State (7–6) in the quarterfinals, and No. 11 Lenoir–Rhyne (55–14) in the semifinals. Through the December 16 victory over Colorado Mines, the Bison have won 18 consecutive games, the longest winning streak in program history. Harding defeated No. 1 Colorado Mines in the Division II national championship game on December 16, 38–7, to win the school's first national championship.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Harding defensive end Nathaniel Wallace was selected as the 2023 GAC Defensive Player of the Year. Paul Simmons was seleced as GAC Coach of the Year.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The team played its home games at First Security Stadium in Searcy, Arkansas.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The GAC coaches preseason poll was released on August 1, 2023. The Bisons were predicted to finish second in the conference. Ouachita Baptist was favored to win the conference.",
"title": "Preseason"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "at SNU Stadium, Bethany, Oklahoma",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Entering the game, the Boll Weevils had the top offense in the GAC, scoring 53.5 points per game, but here weld to just 217 yards of offense against Harding.",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "at Carpenter–Haygood Stadium, Arkadelphia, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Quarterback Cole Keylon completed five passes, each going to a different receiver.",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "at Ranger Field, Alva, Oklahoma",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The no. 9 Bisons downed the no. 5 Tigers, handing Oauchita Baptist its first loss of the season.",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "at Memorial Stadium, El Dorado, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "at Paul Laird Field, Durant, Oklahoma",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "The Tigers were held to just 134 yards of total offense while Harding only attempted two passes, both of which were incomplete.",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "at Simmons Bank Field, Russellville, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "The Mules scored a touchdown with less than 30 seconds in regulation, needing an extra point to tie the game and potentially send it into overtime. However, Harding defensive lineman Gage Price blocked the game-tying PAT, securing the 35–34 victory for the Bisons.",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "In the quarterfinal round of the NCAA division II playoffs, Harding hosted no. 2 Grand Valley State from the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The Lakers entered the game with one of the best defenses in all of division II, holding opponents to an average of 17 points per game. The Lakers' defense held the Bisons scoreless for just over 56 minutes of game time before Harding quarterback Cole Keylon scored a 1-yard rushing touchdown.",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "at First Security Stadium, Searcy, Arkansas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "at McKinney ISD Stadium, McKinney, Texas",
"title": "Game summaries"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "On offense, Harding prioritizes the run game, averaging over 400 rushing yards per game. In a game against Southern Arkansas on October 21, the team rushed for 631 yards and had two players (Braden Jay and Blake Delacruz) each tally over 200 rushing yards.",
"title": "Statistical accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "On defense, the team has recorded four shutouts and has allowed per-game averages of 10.92 points, 74.2 rushing yards, and 158.62 passing yards.",
"title": "Statistical accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "The team's individual statistical leaders include:",
"title": "Statistical accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "",
"title": "Statistical accomplishments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "Harding became the first team in NCAA history to rush for over 6,000 yards in a single season.",
"title": "Statistical accomplishments"
}
] | The 2023 Harding Bisons football team was an American football team that represented Harding University in the Great American Conference (GAC) during the 2023 NCAA Division II football season. In their sixth year under head coach Paul Simmons, the team compiled a perfect 15–0 record, outscored opponents by a total of 665 to 156, and won the GAC and NCAA Division II championships. The team also set an NCAA record for most rushing yards in a season with 6,161 rushing yards. The team finished the regular season ranked No. 2 among Division II programs and advanced to the NCAA Division II playoffs where they received a bye in the first round and defeated No. 6 Central Missouri (35–34) in the second round, No. 2 Grand Valley State (7–6) in the quarterfinals, and No. 11 Lenoir–Rhyne (55–14) in the semifinals. Through the December 16 victory over Colorado Mines, the Bison have won 18 consecutive games, the longest winning streak in program history. Harding defeated No. 1 Colorado Mines in the Division II national championship game on December 16, 38–7, to win the school's first national championship. Harding defensive end Nathaniel Wallace was selected as the 2023 GAC Defensive Player of the Year. Paul Simmons was seleced as GAC Coach of the Year. The team played its home games at First Security Stadium in Searcy, Arkansas. | 2023-12-06T05:44:13Z | 2023-12-29T07:19:33Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Harding_Bisons_football_team |
75,496,695 | Aisha Al-Ghais | Aisha Al-Ghais is an Emirati poet and storyteller, and she specializes in writing about Emirati heritage.
She was born in Ras Al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
She obtained her bachelor's degree in Arts and Education from the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) before obtaining her master's degree in Literature and Criticism from AlWasl University, where she did her thesis on Emirati literature.
She worked as a researcher and novelist and received a number of awards for her research, literary, and voluntary work. These awards include: Khalifa Award for Educational Excellence, Ras Al-Khaimah Excellence Award, Sharjah Educational Excellence Award, Emirati Women Award, Al-Owais Literary Award, and more.
Al-Ghais is a member of a several councils and institutions, including the following:
Aisha Al-Ghais obtained a number of educational, literary, voluntary, and scholarly awards, including the following: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Aisha Al-Ghais is an Emirati poet and storyteller, and she specializes in writing about Emirati heritage.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She was born in Ras Al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.",
"title": "Life & Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She obtained her bachelor's degree in Arts and Education from the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) before obtaining her master's degree in Literature and Criticism from AlWasl University, where she did her thesis on Emirati literature.",
"title": "Life & Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She worked as a researcher and novelist and received a number of awards for her research, literary, and voluntary work. These awards include: Khalifa Award for Educational Excellence, Ras Al-Khaimah Excellence Award, Sharjah Educational Excellence Award, Emirati Women Award, Al-Owais Literary Award, and more.",
"title": "Life & Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Al-Ghais is a member of a several councils and institutions, including the following:",
"title": "Memberships"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Aisha Al-Ghais obtained a number of educational, literary, voluntary, and scholarly awards, including the following:",
"title": "Awards[1]"
}
] | Aisha Al-Ghais is an Emirati poet and storyteller, and she specializes in writing about Emirati heritage. | 2023-12-06T05:46:57Z | 2023-12-22T23:44:19Z | [
"Template:Infobox writer",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisha_Al-Ghais |
75,496,826 | MOTS-c | MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA. It is believed to be involved in skeletal muscle and glucose metabolism. It is upregulated in response to exercise, and is considered an exercise mimetic.
MOTS-c binds to casein kinase 2.
Researchers discovered MOTS-c in 2015.
MOTS-c is not approved to treat any medical condition and is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, explicitly beginning in 2024. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA. It is believed to be involved in skeletal muscle and glucose metabolism. It is upregulated in response to exercise, and is considered an exercise mimetic.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "MOTS-c binds to casein kinase 2.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Researchers discovered MOTS-c in 2015.",
"title": "Society and culture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "MOTS-c is not approved to treat any medical condition and is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, explicitly beginning in 2024.",
"title": "Society and culture"
}
] | MOTS-c is a peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA. It is believed to be involved in skeletal muscle and glucose metabolism. It is upregulated in response to exercise, and is considered an exercise mimetic. MOTS-c binds to casein kinase 2. | 2023-12-06T05:55:02Z | 2023-12-08T05:46:21Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOTS-c |
75,496,838 | Friedrich Schwend | Friedrich Paul Schwend (Heilbronn; November 6, 1906 — Lima; March 28, 1980), later known as Federico Schwend, was a German SS-Sturmbannführer who participated as the sales manager of Operation Bernhard during World War II under the control of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA).
After the war, he moved to Peru, where he was brought to public attention after his daughter became the subject of a highly publicised murder trial in 1963, and again in 1972, when it was discovered that he secretly harboured fellow SS member Klaus Barbie at his private residence.
Schwend (also spelled Schwendt) was born on November 6, 1906, in Böckingen, a borough of the Swabian city of Heilbronn. In the 1930s, he married Baroness Agnes von Gemmingen-Guttenberg, the niece of then Foreign Minister Konstantin von Neurath who he had met in 1929 while working at a petrol station. Through his wife's connections with the Bunge family (specifically, her wife's aunt, "one of the Bunge sisters"), he started working in Bunge & Born, where he earned US$50,000 yearly.
In 1932, he joined the Nazi Party and was named at the front of Bunge & Born in Los Angeles, participating in several parties in Hollywood. He started corresponding with Marshal Hermann Göring, with whom he shared a passion for aircraft, after he caught his attention through his repeated letters that criticised the Party's economic policies. There, he also befriended Georg Gyssling. He later moved to Woodside, Queens, a neighbourhood in New York City that had a small German colony at the time, where he assisted German rearmament by importing arms from China and the Balkans, and in 1938 he was sent to Italy, where he purchased food and other materials to be imported back to Germany. During this final period, he lived at the beachside Villa de Nevoso in Abbazia.
In addition to the aforementioned travels, Schwend also travelled to the Soviet Union, Persia and South America.
In 1939, with the start of World War II in Europe, his wife divorced him, and he left the company. He then started working for the financial section of the Abwehr under Wilhelm Canaris for a couple of months, marrying his secretary and fellow Nazi Party member (specifically the National Socialist Women's League), Hedda Neuhold, in Trieste. In 1942, he was detained by the Gestapo after he attempted to sell counterfeit submarine blueprints to two British agents, with Willi Gröbl, an acquaintance who worked for the SS, intervening in his favour.
In 1943, on the recommendation of Wilhelm Höttl, he became head of sales of counterfeit foreign currency; The official name of the office was Sonderstab Generalkommando III Germanisches Panzerkorps. Schwend received the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer, was subordinate to Ernst Kaltenbrunner and reported directly to Heinrich Himmler. Schwend was able to keep a third of the counterfeit currency, but he had to use it to entertain his negotiators. Among them, Alberto Crastan, Georg Gyssling and Jaac van Harten.
The counterfeit currency made by Schwend's group eventually became used to purchase arms, munitions and other suppplies. In Croatia, Schwend was struck by a bullet after falling behind enemy lines and being ambushed by Yugoslav Partisans. Nevertheless, he managed to escape and received the Iron Cross, Second Class, and the honourific rank of Panzer Division Major. Willi Gröbl, who was killed in the attack, posthumously received the same award, First Class.
At the end of the war, he was ordered to go from his base of operations at Schloss Labers in Merano, northern Italy, to the nearby Austrian mountains. Following the end of the war, Schwend surrendered to American troops in Tyrol on May 12, 1945. He revealed his hiding places in Austria and South Tyrol; The gold he found alone was worth US$200,000. From 1945 to 1946, Schwend worked as an informant for the Counterintelligence Corps (CIC) after volunteering himself to the CIC's detachment in Innsbruck. He was investigated by the CIC, who codenamed him Flush due to him serving as an agent to "flush out" other former SS members in Europe, and was put in charge of an intelligence network in the Balkans and Czechoslovakia. In 1945, he joined the Gehlen Org, and in 1946 he escaped to Peru via one of the so-called ratlines.
Thanks to a Red Cross passport issued under a false name, Schwend arrived with his family as an immigrant to the port of Callao in 1947, where he hispanicised his first name. He moved to a large gated house in the neighbourhood of Santa Clara, located in the 17th kilometre of the Central Highway, where he lived with his wife Hedda and daughter Ingrid, and was known by locals as "our Nazi." Schwend had opened a restaurant in Chaclacayo, which had proven successful, although he was also reportedly involved in money counterfeiting, drug trafficking and arms dealing. Schwend's ex-wife later moved to South Africa, returning briefly for her daughter's trial that lasted from May to July 1965.
In 1963, his daughter Ingrid became the focus of a highly publicised trial after she voluntarily confessed to local law enforcement that she fatally shot Spaniard José Manuel de Sartorius y Bermúdez de Castro (Spain; c. 1934 – Lima; December 14, 1963) on the night of December 14, 1963, claiming self-defence. The media frenzy surrounding the scandalous high-profile nature of the trial and the repeated appearances of Schwend at the courthouse brought him to public attention throughout the entirety of the process, which ended with the court finding Mrs. Oliveira guilty and ordering her husband, José Oliveira Lawezzari (the son of politician Pedro M. Oliveira, with whom she had two daughters), to pay Sartorious' widow, Olenka Dudek, S/. 40,000, and sentencing her to five years in prison, which were decreased to three for her good conduct, after which she divorced her husband.
In 1972, Schwend was detained in connection to the murder of businessman Luis Banchero Rossi. A few days later, it was discovered that Schwend had given refuge to Klaus Barbie—who had been using the name Altmann—at his residence in Santa Clara. Schwend had been working with Barbie in Peru, with both men presumably having links to the Peruvian Investigative Police, prior to the discovery. After Barbie's identity was confirmed through photographs taken of him by Le Monde photographer Nicole Bonnet at San Martín Square after an interview at Schwend's house carried out by AFP correspondent Albert Brun, he left for Bolivia, being later extradited to France where he died in 1991. All the media attention that surrounded these events led to Schwend's deportation to West Germany in 1976, where he was given a two-year suspended sentence for the murder of one of his agents in Italy during the war. In 1979 he was again deported from Bonn where he returned to his normal life, dying in 1980. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Friedrich Paul Schwend (Heilbronn; November 6, 1906 — Lima; March 28, 1980), later known as Federico Schwend, was a German SS-Sturmbannführer who participated as the sales manager of Operation Bernhard during World War II under the control of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "After the war, he moved to Peru, where he was brought to public attention after his daughter became the subject of a highly publicised murder trial in 1963, and again in 1972, when it was discovered that he secretly harboured fellow SS member Klaus Barbie at his private residence.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Schwend (also spelled Schwendt) was born on November 6, 1906, in Böckingen, a borough of the Swabian city of Heilbronn. In the 1930s, he married Baroness Agnes von Gemmingen-Guttenberg, the niece of then Foreign Minister Konstantin von Neurath who he had met in 1929 while working at a petrol station. Through his wife's connections with the Bunge family (specifically, her wife's aunt, \"one of the Bunge sisters\"), he started working in Bunge & Born, where he earned US$50,000 yearly.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1932, he joined the Nazi Party and was named at the front of Bunge & Born in Los Angeles, participating in several parties in Hollywood. He started corresponding with Marshal Hermann Göring, with whom he shared a passion for aircraft, after he caught his attention through his repeated letters that criticised the Party's economic policies. There, he also befriended Georg Gyssling. He later moved to Woodside, Queens, a neighbourhood in New York City that had a small German colony at the time, where he assisted German rearmament by importing arms from China and the Balkans, and in 1938 he was sent to Italy, where he purchased food and other materials to be imported back to Germany. During this final period, he lived at the beachside Villa de Nevoso in Abbazia.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In addition to the aforementioned travels, Schwend also travelled to the Soviet Union, Persia and South America.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1939, with the start of World War II in Europe, his wife divorced him, and he left the company. He then started working for the financial section of the Abwehr under Wilhelm Canaris for a couple of months, marrying his secretary and fellow Nazi Party member (specifically the National Socialist Women's League), Hedda Neuhold, in Trieste. In 1942, he was detained by the Gestapo after he attempted to sell counterfeit submarine blueprints to two British agents, with Willi Gröbl, an acquaintance who worked for the SS, intervening in his favour.",
"title": "World War II"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 1943, on the recommendation of Wilhelm Höttl, he became head of sales of counterfeit foreign currency; The official name of the office was Sonderstab Generalkommando III Germanisches Panzerkorps. Schwend received the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer, was subordinate to Ernst Kaltenbrunner and reported directly to Heinrich Himmler. Schwend was able to keep a third of the counterfeit currency, but he had to use it to entertain his negotiators. Among them, Alberto Crastan, Georg Gyssling and Jaac van Harten.",
"title": "World War II"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The counterfeit currency made by Schwend's group eventually became used to purchase arms, munitions and other suppplies. In Croatia, Schwend was struck by a bullet after falling behind enemy lines and being ambushed by Yugoslav Partisans. Nevertheless, he managed to escape and received the Iron Cross, Second Class, and the honourific rank of Panzer Division Major. Willi Gröbl, who was killed in the attack, posthumously received the same award, First Class.",
"title": "World War II"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "At the end of the war, he was ordered to go from his base of operations at Schloss Labers in Merano, northern Italy, to the nearby Austrian mountains. Following the end of the war, Schwend surrendered to American troops in Tyrol on May 12, 1945. He revealed his hiding places in Austria and South Tyrol; The gold he found alone was worth US$200,000. From 1945 to 1946, Schwend worked as an informant for the Counterintelligence Corps (CIC) after volunteering himself to the CIC's detachment in Innsbruck. He was investigated by the CIC, who codenamed him Flush due to him serving as an agent to \"flush out\" other former SS members in Europe, and was put in charge of an intelligence network in the Balkans and Czechoslovakia. In 1945, he joined the Gehlen Org, and in 1946 he escaped to Peru via one of the so-called ratlines.",
"title": "Post-war years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Thanks to a Red Cross passport issued under a false name, Schwend arrived with his family as an immigrant to the port of Callao in 1947, where he hispanicised his first name. He moved to a large gated house in the neighbourhood of Santa Clara, located in the 17th kilometre of the Central Highway, where he lived with his wife Hedda and daughter Ingrid, and was known by locals as \"our Nazi.\" Schwend had opened a restaurant in Chaclacayo, which had proven successful, although he was also reportedly involved in money counterfeiting, drug trafficking and arms dealing. Schwend's ex-wife later moved to South Africa, returning briefly for her daughter's trial that lasted from May to July 1965.",
"title": "Post-war years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 1963, his daughter Ingrid became the focus of a highly publicised trial after she voluntarily confessed to local law enforcement that she fatally shot Spaniard José Manuel de Sartorius y Bermúdez de Castro (Spain; c. 1934 – Lima; December 14, 1963) on the night of December 14, 1963, claiming self-defence. The media frenzy surrounding the scandalous high-profile nature of the trial and the repeated appearances of Schwend at the courthouse brought him to public attention throughout the entirety of the process, which ended with the court finding Mrs. Oliveira guilty and ordering her husband, José Oliveira Lawezzari (the son of politician Pedro M. Oliveira, with whom she had two daughters), to pay Sartorious' widow, Olenka Dudek, S/. 40,000, and sentencing her to five years in prison, which were decreased to three for her good conduct, after which she divorced her husband.",
"title": "Post-war years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In 1972, Schwend was detained in connection to the murder of businessman Luis Banchero Rossi. A few days later, it was discovered that Schwend had given refuge to Klaus Barbie—who had been using the name Altmann—at his residence in Santa Clara. Schwend had been working with Barbie in Peru, with both men presumably having links to the Peruvian Investigative Police, prior to the discovery. After Barbie's identity was confirmed through photographs taken of him by Le Monde photographer Nicole Bonnet at San Martín Square after an interview at Schwend's house carried out by AFP correspondent Albert Brun, he left for Bolivia, being later extradited to France where he died in 1991. All the media attention that surrounded these events led to Schwend's deportation to West Germany in 1976, where he was given a two-year suspended sentence for the murder of one of his agents in Italy during the war. In 1979 he was again deported from Bonn where he returned to his normal life, dying in 1980.",
"title": "Post-war years"
}
] | Friedrich Paul Schwend, later known as Federico Schwend, was a German SS-Sturmbannführer who participated as the sales manager of Operation Bernhard during World War II under the control of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). After the war, he moved to Peru, where he was brought to public attention after his daughter became the subject of a highly publicised murder trial in 1963, and again in 1972, when it was discovered that he secretly harboured fellow SS member Klaus Barbie at his private residence. | 2023-12-06T05:56:05Z | 2023-12-14T06:53:13Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Schwend |
75,496,843 | Zimbabwe national budget | The Zimbabwe national budget comprises revenue and spending of Zimbabwe central government. The government primarily spends on capital goods, education, defense and health care programs. Zimbabwe's central government have faced budget shortfalls for the last 3 years since 2021 and is also projecting another in 2024. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Zimbabwe national budget comprises revenue and spending of Zimbabwe central government. The government primarily spends on capital goods, education, defense and health care programs. Zimbabwe's central government have faced budget shortfalls for the last 3 years since 2021 and is also projecting another in 2024.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Zimbabwe national budget comprises revenue and spending of Zimbabwe central government. The government primarily spends on capital goods, education, defense and health care programs. Zimbabwe's central government have faced budget shortfalls for the last 3 years since 2021 and is also projecting another in 2024. | 2023-12-06T05:56:43Z | 2023-12-14T05:15:18Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe_national_budget |
75,496,849 | Shoal Bay, New Zealand | Shoal Bay (Māori: Oneoneroa) is a bay of the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand. It is located on the North Shore.
Shoal Bay is located on the North Shore, separating Northcote from Takapuna. It is a drowned river valley that flooded during the last glacial period. Formerly the mouth of the Wairau Valley creek, the creek changed course to Milford after Lake Pupuke erupted, approximately 140,000 years ago.
There are two volcanic craters found on the western shores of Shoal Bay: Tank Farm, also known as Tuff Crater or Te Kōpua ō Matakamokamo, joined to the south by Onepoto (also known as Te Kōpua ō Matakerepo). Onepoto and Tank Farm erupted an estimated 187,600 and 181,000 years ago respectively.
Two streams flow into Shoal Bay. The Onepoto Stream flows east through Birkenhead and Northcote, entering Shoal Bay south of Onewa Road. Hillcrest Creek flows east through Hillcrest and Northcote, entering the Waitematā Harbour at Shoal Bay, east of the Auckland Northern Motorway. A traditional recorded name for Hillcrest Creek is Wakatatere "The Drifting Canoe", a name which recalls an incident where a tapu waka drifted into the stream at high tide. A tributary of Hillcrest Stream, Awataha Stream, flowed through Northcote Central until the 1950s, when the stream was undergrounded. In 2019, work began to daylight the stream.
Two beaches were formerly located along the western shores of Shoal Bay: the City of Cork Beach and Sulphur Beach. These locations were reclaimed in the 1950s, and are now located beneath the Auckland Northern Motorway.
Barrys Point is a headland south of Esmonde Road that extends into Shoal Bay, between Northcote and Takapuna.
The traditional Tāmaki Māori name for Shoal Bay is Oneoneroa, meaning "Long Sands"; a name which also referred to Sulphur Beach. The upper reaches of Shoal bay were called Waipaoraora, referring to how the spring tides did not fully cover the shallow parts of the estuary.
Māori settlement of the Auckland Region began around the 13th or 14th centuries. The Tainui migratory canoe visited Northcote, stopping at Ngā Huru-a-Taiki, a sacred tree on the cliffs south-east of Tank Farm. The Shoal Bay area was used to harvest shellfish, and the volcanic soil at Northcote allowed for kūmara cultivation. Te Onewa Pā was constructed at the Northcote headland at the mouth of Shoal Bay, was prized for its strategic location and view over the Waitematā Harbour, and protected fisheries and kūmara gardens of the nearby volcanic soil.
A portage at Takapuna allowed for waka to pass overland between Shoal Bay and St Leonards Bay in the Hauraki Gulf.
From the 1840s, European settlers established sawmills at Shoal Bay, primarily focusing on logging the pūriri forests of the southern North Shore. In the same period, settlers developed brickworks along the shores of Shoal Bay, the earliest being at Stanley Bay Beach. This was followed by Phillip Callan's brickyard at Sulphur Beach in 1843. From 1848, a soap and candle factory was established on Sulphur Beach, and other early industries included timber milling and kauri gum digging. In 1878, Auckland Chemical Works was established at Northcote, on the beach next to the brickworks. The factory processed sulfur from Moutohora Island in the Bay of Plenty, but was unprofitable, as the amount of sulfur estimated to be on the island was overestimated.
By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Sulphur Beach had become a popular spot for tourists and picnickers. In the 1910s, boat building yards were established at Shoal Bay.
In 1959, the Auckland Harbour Bridge and Auckland Northern Motorway were opened in Auckland, crossing the Waitematā Harbour. The motorway was constructed on reclaimed land along the western shore of Shoal Bay, leading to the destruction of Sulphur Beach and City of Cork Beach. During the 1960s, the Onepoto Basin, formerly open to the harbour, was drained and redeveloped into recreational facilities.
To the north of Bayswater, Shoal Bay is a DoC high priority site of special wildlife interest, SSWI, because of its significance for wading birds. Many shore birds graze in this significant estuary. Every year, the bar-tailed godwit migrates from Alaska to New Zealand. About 200 come to the Shoal Bay estuary in March to feed, relax, and then return.
Shoal Bay is also home to the New Zealand Dotterel, which builds its nests above high tide and descends to the estuary at low tide to forage. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Shoal Bay (Māori: Oneoneroa) is a bay of the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand. It is located on the North Shore.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Shoal Bay is located on the North Shore, separating Northcote from Takapuna. It is a drowned river valley that flooded during the last glacial period. Formerly the mouth of the Wairau Valley creek, the creek changed course to Milford after Lake Pupuke erupted, approximately 140,000 years ago.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "There are two volcanic craters found on the western shores of Shoal Bay: Tank Farm, also known as Tuff Crater or Te Kōpua ō Matakamokamo, joined to the south by Onepoto (also known as Te Kōpua ō Matakerepo). Onepoto and Tank Farm erupted an estimated 187,600 and 181,000 years ago respectively.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Two streams flow into Shoal Bay. The Onepoto Stream flows east through Birkenhead and Northcote, entering Shoal Bay south of Onewa Road. Hillcrest Creek flows east through Hillcrest and Northcote, entering the Waitematā Harbour at Shoal Bay, east of the Auckland Northern Motorway. A traditional recorded name for Hillcrest Creek is Wakatatere \"The Drifting Canoe\", a name which recalls an incident where a tapu waka drifted into the stream at high tide. A tributary of Hillcrest Stream, Awataha Stream, flowed through Northcote Central until the 1950s, when the stream was undergrounded. In 2019, work began to daylight the stream.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Two beaches were formerly located along the western shores of Shoal Bay: the City of Cork Beach and Sulphur Beach. These locations were reclaimed in the 1950s, and are now located beneath the Auckland Northern Motorway.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Barrys Point is a headland south of Esmonde Road that extends into Shoal Bay, between Northcote and Takapuna.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The traditional Tāmaki Māori name for Shoal Bay is Oneoneroa, meaning \"Long Sands\"; a name which also referred to Sulphur Beach. The upper reaches of Shoal bay were called Waipaoraora, referring to how the spring tides did not fully cover the shallow parts of the estuary.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Māori settlement of the Auckland Region began around the 13th or 14th centuries. The Tainui migratory canoe visited Northcote, stopping at Ngā Huru-a-Taiki, a sacred tree on the cliffs south-east of Tank Farm. The Shoal Bay area was used to harvest shellfish, and the volcanic soil at Northcote allowed for kūmara cultivation. Te Onewa Pā was constructed at the Northcote headland at the mouth of Shoal Bay, was prized for its strategic location and view over the Waitematā Harbour, and protected fisheries and kūmara gardens of the nearby volcanic soil.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "A portage at Takapuna allowed for waka to pass overland between Shoal Bay and St Leonards Bay in the Hauraki Gulf.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "From the 1840s, European settlers established sawmills at Shoal Bay, primarily focusing on logging the pūriri forests of the southern North Shore. In the same period, settlers developed brickworks along the shores of Shoal Bay, the earliest being at Stanley Bay Beach. This was followed by Phillip Callan's brickyard at Sulphur Beach in 1843. From 1848, a soap and candle factory was established on Sulphur Beach, and other early industries included timber milling and kauri gum digging. In 1878, Auckland Chemical Works was established at Northcote, on the beach next to the brickworks. The factory processed sulfur from Moutohora Island in the Bay of Plenty, but was unprofitable, as the amount of sulfur estimated to be on the island was overestimated.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Sulphur Beach had become a popular spot for tourists and picnickers. In the 1910s, boat building yards were established at Shoal Bay.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In 1959, the Auckland Harbour Bridge and Auckland Northern Motorway were opened in Auckland, crossing the Waitematā Harbour. The motorway was constructed on reclaimed land along the western shore of Shoal Bay, leading to the destruction of Sulphur Beach and City of Cork Beach. During the 1960s, the Onepoto Basin, formerly open to the harbour, was drained and redeveloped into recreational facilities.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "To the north of Bayswater, Shoal Bay is a DoC high priority site of special wildlife interest, SSWI, because of its significance for wading birds. Many shore birds graze in this significant estuary. Every year, the bar-tailed godwit migrates from Alaska to New Zealand. About 200 come to the Shoal Bay estuary in March to feed, relax, and then return.",
"title": "Environment"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Shoal Bay is also home to the New Zealand Dotterel, which builds its nests above high tide and descends to the estuary at low tide to forage.",
"title": "Environment"
}
] | Shoal Bay is a bay of the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand. It is located on the North Shore. | 2023-12-06T05:58:04Z | 2023-12-25T06:48:53Z | [
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75,496,863 | Grodin | Grodin is a surname, probably of Scottish origin. It may refer to the following notable people: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Grodin is a surname, probably of Scottish origin. It may refer to the following notable people:",
"title": ""
}
] | Grodin is a surname, probably of Scottish origin. It may refer to the following notable people: Charles Grodin (1935–2021), American actor, comedian, author, and television talk show host
Joseph Grodin, American lawyer
Michael Grodin, AmericanpProfessor of bioethics and human rights
Samuel Grodin is an American pianist, lecturer and teacher | 2023-12-06T06:02:04Z | 2023-12-06T06:02:04Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grodin |
75,496,864 | Heeralal Nagar | Heeralal Nagar is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Sangod Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.
Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as an MLA from the Sangod Assembly constituency, defeating Bhanu Pratap Singh, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), with 25,586. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Heeralal Nagar is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Sangod Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as an MLA from the Sangod Assembly constituency, defeating Bhanu Pratap Singh, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), with 25,586.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Heeralal Nagar is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Sangod Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party. | 2023-12-06T06:02:09Z | 2023-12-14T20:55:32Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heeralal_Nagar |
75,496,937 | Battle of Khan Yunis | The Battle of Khan Yunis is an ongoing battle that began on 1 December 2023 in the midst of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip.
On 1 December 2023, the Israel Defense Forces launched a massive air raid operation on the city of Khan Yunis, with Israeli Air Force fighter jets striking over 50 targets in the area. These air raids and artillery strikes continued for the next few days in large numbers.
On 3 December, Israeli forces announced the expansion of the ground invasion to the south of Gaza using ground and armored forces. On the same day, Hamas announced that it had targeted Israeli troops and armored vehicles with mortar shells and Yassin anti-tank weapon.
On 5 December, the Israeli forces claimed that their troops had reached the center of Khan Yunis. They stated that this was the most intense day of battles since the start of ground operations, in terms of Hamas fighters killed, the number of engagements and the use of fire from the ground and the air.
The Palestinian Islamic Jihad published a video showing militants confronting Israeli forces penetrating east of the city. Also, Hamas announced that they have counted the total or partial destruction of 24 military vehicles in Khan Yunis. They also stated that they eliminated 8 Israeli troops with sniper attacks and that they successfully demolished a building housing Israeli troops with a barrel bomb and TBG explosives, causing the complete collapse of the building.
On 10 December, the IDF announced that 6 IDF soldiers had been killed whilst fighting in Khan Younis.
On 18 December IDF announced that the Duvdevan and Oketz Unit had destroyed multiple tunnels and a drone factory during advances in Khan Younis while seven IDF soldiers were killed. The destruction of rocket launchers aimed at Israel degraded the ability of Hamas to launch rocket strikes on Israel. It was reported that Hamas was transferring forces from across Gaza Strip to reinforce the Khan Younis Brigade which the IDF estimates would take months to destroy.
On December 19 Al Qassem Brigades announced that they had detonated a rigged house when Israeli forces entered the building and also announced a separate incident where they trapped Israeli forces in a house and detonated anti-personnel charges and thermobaric shells. The al Qassem Brigades claimed both attacks killed and wounded Israeli forces but without evidence to support their claims. IDF forces were reinforced by an additional brigade and engineering force.
On December 23 the al Qassem Brigades claimed that they lured five Israeli SOF engineers into a tunnel rigged with explosive at the east of Khan Yunnis, and that they killed all of the five engineers. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Battle of Khan Yunis is an ongoing battle that began on 1 December 2023 in the midst of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On 1 December 2023, the Israel Defense Forces launched a massive air raid operation on the city of Khan Yunis, with Israeli Air Force fighter jets striking over 50 targets in the area. These air raids and artillery strikes continued for the next few days in large numbers.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On 3 December, Israeli forces announced the expansion of the ground invasion to the south of Gaza using ground and armored forces. On the same day, Hamas announced that it had targeted Israeli troops and armored vehicles with mortar shells and Yassin anti-tank weapon.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On 5 December, the Israeli forces claimed that their troops had reached the center of Khan Yunis. They stated that this was the most intense day of battles since the start of ground operations, in terms of Hamas fighters killed, the number of engagements and the use of fire from the ground and the air.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The Palestinian Islamic Jihad published a video showing militants confronting Israeli forces penetrating east of the city. Also, Hamas announced that they have counted the total or partial destruction of 24 military vehicles in Khan Yunis. They also stated that they eliminated 8 Israeli troops with sniper attacks and that they successfully demolished a building housing Israeli troops with a barrel bomb and TBG explosives, causing the complete collapse of the building.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On 10 December, the IDF announced that 6 IDF soldiers had been killed whilst fighting in Khan Younis.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On 18 December IDF announced that the Duvdevan and Oketz Unit had destroyed multiple tunnels and a drone factory during advances in Khan Younis while seven IDF soldiers were killed. The destruction of rocket launchers aimed at Israel degraded the ability of Hamas to launch rocket strikes on Israel. It was reported that Hamas was transferring forces from across Gaza Strip to reinforce the Khan Younis Brigade which the IDF estimates would take months to destroy.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "On December 19 Al Qassem Brigades announced that they had detonated a rigged house when Israeli forces entered the building and also announced a separate incident where they trapped Israeli forces in a house and detonated anti-personnel charges and thermobaric shells. The al Qassem Brigades claimed both attacks killed and wounded Israeli forces but without evidence to support their claims. IDF forces were reinforced by an additional brigade and engineering force.",
"title": "Battle"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On December 23 the al Qassem Brigades claimed that they lured five Israeli SOF engineers into a tunnel rigged with explosive at the east of Khan Yunnis, and that they killed all of the five engineers.",
"title": "Battle"
}
] | The Battle of Khan Yunis is an ongoing battle that began on 1 December 2023 in the midst of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. | 2023-12-06T06:10:45Z | 2023-12-30T19:13:28Z | [
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75,496,948 | Salvelinus perisii | Salvelinus perisii, also known as Torgoch charr, is a freshwater species of fish of the genus Salvelinus found in several lakes such as Llyn Peris, Llyn Padarn and Llyn Cwellyn in Gwynedd County of Wales. The species are listed as vulnerable by IUCN.
Torgoch charr can reach a recorded maximum length of 25 cm (9.8 inches). The species are benthopelagic, residing in the bottom or near bottom of the lake. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Salvelinus perisii, also known as Torgoch charr, is a freshwater species of fish of the genus Salvelinus found in several lakes such as Llyn Peris, Llyn Padarn and Llyn Cwellyn in Gwynedd County of Wales. The species are listed as vulnerable by IUCN.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Torgoch charr can reach a recorded maximum length of 25 cm (9.8 inches). The species are benthopelagic, residing in the bottom or near bottom of the lake.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "Description"
}
] | Salvelinus perisii, also known as Torgoch charr, is a freshwater species of fish of the genus Salvelinus found in several lakes such as Llyn Peris, Llyn Padarn and Llyn Cwellyn in Gwynedd County of Wales. The species are listed as vulnerable by IUCN. | 2023-12-06T06:12:36Z | 2023-12-14T15:44:06Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvelinus_perisii |
75,496,983 | 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship | The 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship was the 18th edition of the competition. It was held at Bangalore, India. The tournament took place from 6 to 10 December 2023.
Sir Sicoma Perugia won their second title after defeating Itambé Minas in straight sets (3–0) in the final. Itambé Minas settle for silver and its also their first medal of the tournament. Suntory Sunbirds claimed bronze after they reverse sweeped Halkbank Spor Kulübü for the 3rd place match. Oleh Plotnytskyi was named the MVP of the tournament.
This were Ahmedabad Defenders, Halkbank Spor Kulübü and Suntory Sunbirds' first appearance at the Club World Championship.
Six teams are divided into two pools of three teams each in a round-robin match. The top two teams of each pool advance to the semifinals.
Source:
Match won 3–0 or 3–1: 3 match points for the winner and 0 match point for the loser.
Match won 3–2: 2 match points for the winner and 1 match point for the loser.
Source: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship was the 18th edition of the competition. It was held at Bangalore, India. The tournament took place from 6 to 10 December 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Sir Sicoma Perugia won their second title after defeating Itambé Minas in straight sets (3–0) in the final. Itambé Minas settle for silver and its also their first medal of the tournament. Suntory Sunbirds claimed bronze after they reverse sweeped Halkbank Spor Kulübü for the 3rd place match. Oleh Plotnytskyi was named the MVP of the tournament.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Six teams are divided into two pools of three teams each in a round-robin match. The top two teams of each pool advance to the semifinals.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "Pool standing procedure"
},
{
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"text": "Match won 3–0 or 3–1: 3 match points for the winner and 0 match point for the loser.",
"title": "Pool standing procedure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Match won 3–2: 2 match points for the winner and 1 match point for the loser.",
"title": "Pool standing procedure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "Awards"
}
] | The 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship was the 18th edition of the competition. It was held at Bangalore, India. The tournament took place from 6 to 10 December 2023. Sir Sicoma Perugia won their second title after defeating Itambé Minas in straight sets (3–0) in the final. Itambé Minas settle for silver and its also their first medal of the tournament. Suntory Sunbirds claimed bronze after they reverse sweeped Halkbank Spor Kulübü for the 3rd place match. Oleh Plotnytskyi was named the MVP of the tournament. This were Ahmedabad Defenders, Halkbank Spor Kulübü and Suntory Sunbirds' first appearance at the Club World Championship. | 2023-12-06T06:15:20Z | 2023-12-19T12:09:16Z | [
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75,496,989 | Education in Queensland | Education in Queensland is the responsibility of the Department of Education. The Queensland school system is based around Queensland state schools, independent schools and catholic schools. Schooling in Queensland begins with a preparatory year followed by 12 years of study. Primary schools is from Year 1 to 6 while high school or secondary school is from Year 7 to 12.
Upon completion of 12 years of schooling students receive a Queensland Certificate of Education and an Overall Position ranking used for tertiary education entrance.
My School provides information about individual schools in Australia. Many schools are finding it difficult to fill teacher vacancies. In recent year Queensland has seen an increase in home schooling enrolments. The state has seven distance education schools.
The first school in Queensland opened in 1826. It provided education for the children of convicts from the first settlement in Moreton Bay. In 1860 the Education Act was enacted. It placed all primary education under one general and comprehensive system controlled by the Board of General Education. Under the Act, education in Queensland is free, secular and compulsory. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Education in Queensland is the responsibility of the Department of Education. The Queensland school system is based around Queensland state schools, independent schools and catholic schools. Schooling in Queensland begins with a preparatory year followed by 12 years of study. Primary schools is from Year 1 to 6 while high school or secondary school is from Year 7 to 12.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Upon completion of 12 years of schooling students receive a Queensland Certificate of Education and an Overall Position ranking used for tertiary education entrance.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "My School provides information about individual schools in Australia. Many schools are finding it difficult to fill teacher vacancies. In recent year Queensland has seen an increase in home schooling enrolments. The state has seven distance education schools.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The first school in Queensland opened in 1826. It provided education for the children of convicts from the first settlement in Moreton Bay. In 1860 the Education Act was enacted. It placed all primary education under one general and comprehensive system controlled by the Board of General Education. Under the Act, education in Queensland is free, secular and compulsory.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
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] | Education in Queensland is the responsibility of the Department of Education. The Queensland school system is based around Queensland state schools, independent schools and catholic schools. Schooling in Queensland begins with a preparatory year followed by 12 years of study. Primary schools is from Year 1 to 6 while high school or secondary school is from Year 7 to 12. Upon completion of 12 years of schooling students receive a Queensland Certificate of Education and an Overall Position ranking used for tertiary education entrance. My School provides information about individual schools in Australia. Many schools are finding it difficult to fill teacher vacancies. In recent year Queensland has seen an increase in home schooling enrolments. The state has seven distance education schools. | 2023-12-06T06:17:07Z | 2023-12-06T11:45:42Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Queensland |
75,496,993 | Nigel Kassulke | Nigel Thomas Kassulke (born 2 August 1961) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Kassulke was born in Beaudesert, Queensland and boarded at Marist College Ashgrove, where he receiving coaching from former Wallaby Barry Honan. He played in the school's 1978 1st XV premiership team.
An outside centre, Kassulke gained Australian Under-21s representative honours in 1982 and was capped twice for the Wallabies, both home Tests against Canada in 1985. He scored a try on Test debut in Sydney. A knee injury suffered in the second Test at Ballymore kept him on the sidelines for over a year and cruelled his international hopes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nigel Thomas Kassulke (born 2 August 1961) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kassulke was born in Beaudesert, Queensland and boarded at Marist College Ashgrove, where he receiving coaching from former Wallaby Barry Honan. He played in the school's 1978 1st XV premiership team.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "An outside centre, Kassulke gained Australian Under-21s representative honours in 1982 and was capped twice for the Wallabies, both home Tests against Canada in 1985. He scored a try on Test debut in Sydney. A knee injury suffered in the second Test at Ballymore kept him on the sidelines for over a year and cruelled his international hopes.",
"title": ""
}
] | Nigel Thomas Kassulke is an Australian former rugby union international. Kassulke was born in Beaudesert, Queensland and boarded at Marist College Ashgrove, where he receiving coaching from former Wallaby Barry Honan. He played in the school's 1978 1st XV premiership team. An outside centre, Kassulke gained Australian Under-21s representative honours in 1982 and was capped twice for the Wallabies, both home Tests against Canada in 1985. He scored a try on Test debut in Sydney. A knee injury suffered in the second Test at Ballymore kept him on the sidelines for over a year and cruelled his international hopes. | 2023-12-06T06:18:07Z | 2023-12-23T02:40:18Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Kassulke |
75,497,005 | Lalaram Bairwa | Lalaram Bairwa is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Shahpura Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.
Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as an MLA from the Shahpura Assembly constituency, defeating Narendra Kumar Regar, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), by a margin of 59,298 votes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lalaram Bairwa is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Shahpura Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as an MLA from the Shahpura Assembly constituency, defeating Narendra Kumar Regar, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), by a margin of 59,298 votes.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "Reference"
}
] | Lalaram Bairwa is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Shahpura Assembly constituency as a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party. | 2023-12-06T06:21:23Z | 2023-12-14T13:55:09Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalaram_Bairwa |
75,497,015 | Wild Cards (Canadian TV series) | Wild Cards is an upcoming Canadian-American police procedural crime drama series co-produced between Canadian network CBC and U.S. network The CW. It is scheduled to premiere on January 10, 2024 on CBC Television and its associated digital streaming platform CBC Gem in Canada and on-demand, as well on both platforms' respective websites and on January 17, 2024 on The CW and next day on the CW app, on-demand and online on The CW's website in the US.
Cole Ellis, a demoted water-cop arrests Max Mitchell a transient conwoman. While in custody and being held at the station, she helps him solve another crime. The pair are offered an opportunity at redemption. Ellis a chance to get back his detective badge, and Max a chance to stay out of jail, they just have to pair up and work together.
In early June 2023, CBC announced its new dramas for the 2023-24 season would include a new show titled Wild Cards from showrunner Michael Konyves. Shawn Piller would serve as executive producer, with Noelle Carbone as head writer/executive producer, and James Genn as pilot director/executive producer. Later that same month it was confirmed that production and filming had begun. The series is being produced Blink49 Studios, Front Street Pictures and Piller/Segan in association with CBC in Canada and in October 2023, it was announced that The CW Network in the U.S. would also be partnering on the series.
In early October 2023, the first casting announcements were made for the two main roles with Giacomo Gianniotti to play the cop and Vanessa Morgan to play the con woman. In December 2023, it was announced that Jason Priestley had joined the cast.
Filming took place in Vancouver, B.C between July 24, 2023 and October 27, 2023. Followed by a day shoot in Toronto.
Wild Cards is scheduled to premiere on January 10, 2024 on CBC in Canada and on January 17, 2024 on CW in the U.S. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Wild Cards is an upcoming Canadian-American police procedural crime drama series co-produced between Canadian network CBC and U.S. network The CW. It is scheduled to premiere on January 10, 2024 on CBC Television and its associated digital streaming platform CBC Gem in Canada and on-demand, as well on both platforms' respective websites and on January 17, 2024 on The CW and next day on the CW app, on-demand and online on The CW's website in the US.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Cole Ellis, a demoted water-cop arrests Max Mitchell a transient conwoman. While in custody and being held at the station, she helps him solve another crime. The pair are offered an opportunity at redemption. Ellis a chance to get back his detective badge, and Max a chance to stay out of jail, they just have to pair up and work together.",
"title": "Premise"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In early June 2023, CBC announced its new dramas for the 2023-24 season would include a new show titled Wild Cards from showrunner Michael Konyves. Shawn Piller would serve as executive producer, with Noelle Carbone as head writer/executive producer, and James Genn as pilot director/executive producer. Later that same month it was confirmed that production and filming had begun. The series is being produced Blink49 Studios, Front Street Pictures and Piller/Segan in association with CBC in Canada and in October 2023, it was announced that The CW Network in the U.S. would also be partnering on the series.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In early October 2023, the first casting announcements were made for the two main roles with Giacomo Gianniotti to play the cop and Vanessa Morgan to play the con woman. In December 2023, it was announced that Jason Priestley had joined the cast.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Filming took place in Vancouver, B.C between July 24, 2023 and October 27, 2023. Followed by a day shoot in Toronto.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Wild Cards is scheduled to premiere on January 10, 2024 on CBC in Canada and on January 17, 2024 on CW in the U.S.",
"title": "Release"
}
] | Wild Cards is an upcoming Canadian-American police procedural crime drama series co-produced between Canadian network CBC and U.S. network The CW. It is scheduled to premiere on January 10, 2024 on CBC Television and its associated digital streaming platform CBC Gem in Canada and on-demand, as well on both platforms' respective websites and on January 17, 2024 on The CW and next day on the CW app, on-demand and online on The CW's website in the US. | 2023-12-06T06:23:25Z | 2023-12-31T09:47:38Z | [
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75,497,022 | Coenobasis | Coenobasis is a genus of slug moths described by Rudolf Felder in 1874.
Source: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Coenobasis is a genus of slug moths described by Rudolf Felder in 1874.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "List of species"
}
] | Coenobasis is a genus of slug moths described by Rudolf Felder in 1874. | 2023-12-06T06:23:42Z | 2023-12-30T12:08:54Z | [
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"Template:Taxobox",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenobasis |
75,497,081 | Killing of Kenyatta Odom | Kenyatta "KeKe" Odom (died 1988), formerly known as Christmas Doe and Ware County Jane Doe, was a formerly unidentified murder victim whose decomposed remains were found in Millwood, Georgia on December 21, 1988. Her body was discovered inside a suitcase filled with cement that was placed inside of a television console and discarded on the side of a road. She was unidentified for 34 years until she was identified in November 2023.
Following Kenyatta Odom's identification, her mother and her mother's at-the-time boyfriend were arrested and charged with murder, child cruelty, and covering up Kenyatta's death. If convicted of murder, they face a mandatory sentence of life in prison.
On December 21, 1988, a truck driver who was driving in Millwood, Georgia spotted an old television console off Duncan Bridge Road. He pulled over to inspect the television console, and discovered inside a black suitcase sloppily sealed with cement. The trucker broke it open, and found a gym bag, with the decomposing body of a young black girl inside a tiny steel tomb. After the find, the trucker went back to his truck and wept, then called police about the find.
At the time, it was determined that the girl had been deceased for one to two months, that she was around the age of 3, that she was 2-foot-9, and that she weighed around 30 pounds. Her death was ruled as a homicide by undetermined means, with shooting and stabbing being ruled out. She was nicknamed "Christmas Doe" due to the date of the discovery being so close to the holiday.
Following the discovery of the girl's body, investigators interviewed locals door-to-door, but turned up no leads. Investigators searched databases across the country for a missing child matching the victim's description, but did not turn up any matches. In the 2010s and 2020s, authorities increasingly made pleads to the public for leads in the case.
In 2019, the Georgia Bureau of Investigation began to work with Othram, a genealogy company, in an attempt to identify the victim through genetic genealogy. They were able to determine that she was likely from the area of Albany, Georgia. After a 2022 news report for the anniversary of the discovery of the victim, a member of the public contacted the GBI, stating that she recognized the girl from when she was a child. The GBI investigated the lead, and determined that the tipster's intuitions were correct and that the victim was 5-year old Kenyatta Odom of Albany, Georgia.
Following the identification of Kenyatta, authorities believed that Evelyn Odom, Kenyatta's mother, and Ulyster Sanders, Evelyn's at-the-time boyfriend were responsible for Kenyatta's death. On November 1, 2023, a Dougherty County grand jury indicted now-56-year-old Evelyn and now-61-year-old Sanders on the charges of the felony murder of Kenyatta, first-degree cruelty to children, aggravated battery, concealing the death of Kenyatta, and conspiring to conceal her death. They were arrested on November 9, 2023.
According to the indictment, Evelyn and Sanders submerged Kenyatta in hot water, seriously disfiguring her legs and feet, which caused her death. They then allegedly encased her body in concrete and put her in the large television console that was dumped in the woods. According to the tipster who lead to the suspects' arrests, she had been told as a child that the reason she no longer saw Kenyatta was because Kenyatta went to live with her father, but that she "never really believed that story". It has been confirmed that Sanders is not Kenyatta's father, and authorities are working to identify her father. If convicted of the murder of Kenyatta, the suspects would face a mandatory sentence of life in prison. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kenyatta \"KeKe\" Odom (died 1988), formerly known as Christmas Doe and Ware County Jane Doe, was a formerly unidentified murder victim whose decomposed remains were found in Millwood, Georgia on December 21, 1988. Her body was discovered inside a suitcase filled with cement that was placed inside of a television console and discarded on the side of a road. She was unidentified for 34 years until she was identified in November 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Following Kenyatta Odom's identification, her mother and her mother's at-the-time boyfriend were arrested and charged with murder, child cruelty, and covering up Kenyatta's death. If convicted of murder, they face a mandatory sentence of life in prison.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On December 21, 1988, a truck driver who was driving in Millwood, Georgia spotted an old television console off Duncan Bridge Road. He pulled over to inspect the television console, and discovered inside a black suitcase sloppily sealed with cement. The trucker broke it open, and found a gym bag, with the decomposing body of a young black girl inside a tiny steel tomb. After the find, the trucker went back to his truck and wept, then called police about the find.",
"title": "Discovery of body"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "At the time, it was determined that the girl had been deceased for one to two months, that she was around the age of 3, that she was 2-foot-9, and that she weighed around 30 pounds. Her death was ruled as a homicide by undetermined means, with shooting and stabbing being ruled out. She was nicknamed \"Christmas Doe\" due to the date of the discovery being so close to the holiday.",
"title": "Discovery of body"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Following the discovery of the girl's body, investigators interviewed locals door-to-door, but turned up no leads. Investigators searched databases across the country for a missing child matching the victim's description, but did not turn up any matches. In the 2010s and 2020s, authorities increasingly made pleads to the public for leads in the case.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2019, the Georgia Bureau of Investigation began to work with Othram, a genealogy company, in an attempt to identify the victim through genetic genealogy. They were able to determine that she was likely from the area of Albany, Georgia. After a 2022 news report for the anniversary of the discovery of the victim, a member of the public contacted the GBI, stating that she recognized the girl from when she was a child. The GBI investigated the lead, and determined that the tipster's intuitions were correct and that the victim was 5-year old Kenyatta Odom of Albany, Georgia.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Following the identification of Kenyatta, authorities believed that Evelyn Odom, Kenyatta's mother, and Ulyster Sanders, Evelyn's at-the-time boyfriend were responsible for Kenyatta's death. On November 1, 2023, a Dougherty County grand jury indicted now-56-year-old Evelyn and now-61-year-old Sanders on the charges of the felony murder of Kenyatta, first-degree cruelty to children, aggravated battery, concealing the death of Kenyatta, and conspiring to conceal her death. They were arrested on November 9, 2023.",
"title": "Investigation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "According to the indictment, Evelyn and Sanders submerged Kenyatta in hot water, seriously disfiguring her legs and feet, which caused her death. They then allegedly encased her body in concrete and put her in the large television console that was dumped in the woods. According to the tipster who lead to the suspects' arrests, she had been told as a child that the reason she no longer saw Kenyatta was because Kenyatta went to live with her father, but that she \"never really believed that story\". It has been confirmed that Sanders is not Kenyatta's father, and authorities are working to identify her father. If convicted of the murder of Kenyatta, the suspects would face a mandatory sentence of life in prison.",
"title": "Investigation"
}
] | Kenyatta "KeKe" Odom, formerly known as Christmas Doe and Ware County Jane Doe, was a formerly unidentified murder victim whose decomposed remains were found in Millwood, Georgia on December 21, 1988. Her body was discovered inside a suitcase filled with cement that was placed inside of a television console and discarded on the side of a road. She was unidentified for 34 years until she was identified in November 2023. Following Kenyatta Odom's identification, her mother and her mother's at-the-time boyfriend were arrested and charged with murder, child cruelty, and covering up Kenyatta's death. If convicted of murder, they face a mandatory sentence of life in prison. | 2023-12-06T06:31:19Z | 2023-12-08T08:43:03Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Kenyatta_Odom |
75,497,116 | Xiaomi Mi 9 SE | The Xiaomi Mi 9 SE is a midrange phone released in 2019 by Xiaomi. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Xiaomi Mi 9 SE is a midrange phone released in 2019 by Xiaomi.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Xiaomi Mi 9 SE is a midrange phone released in 2019 by Xiaomi. | 2023-12-06T06:33:58Z | 2023-12-14T11:51:36Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiaomi_Mi_9_SE |
75,497,403 | Biostimulant | Biostimulants also termed as plant conditioners or bioeffectors are substances, cultures of micro-organism, and mixtures of materials used to promote the growth of crop plants and can include natural or artificial plant growth regulators and biofertilizers. They do not include pesticides or fertilizers. The concept has been developed on the basis of the idea that plants are not isolated entities but are grow within a complex ecosystem involving interactions with multiple organisms and that the strengths of these associations can be modified to enhance plant growth. The definitions vary but an attempted standard definition includes the statement that they are “a formulated product of biological origin that improves plant productivity as a consequence of the novel or emergent properties of the complex of constituents, and not as a sole consequence of the presence of known essential plant nutrients, plant growth regulators, or plant protective compounds.”
Although there are no widely-accepted definitions of the term, around eight categories of constituents have been recognized in the literature which include:
A review commissioned by the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board also included biological agents under the definition and defined four categories of these:
As of 2016 due to their being no agreed definition of the term biostimulant, there were no specific frameworks for regulating their use in any country. The regulation of production and use of these materials varies from country to country with some treating them under their fertilizer legislations. As of 2016 in Europe, registration requirements differed substantially between countries with France, Italy and Hungary having relatively strict regulations which required evidence of efficacy and toxicity, Germany and Spain requiring only efficacy information and the UK requiring no efficacy or safety information. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Biostimulants also termed as plant conditioners or bioeffectors are substances, cultures of micro-organism, and mixtures of materials used to promote the growth of crop plants and can include natural or artificial plant growth regulators and biofertilizers. They do not include pesticides or fertilizers. The concept has been developed on the basis of the idea that plants are not isolated entities but are grow within a complex ecosystem involving interactions with multiple organisms and that the strengths of these associations can be modified to enhance plant growth. The definitions vary but an attempted standard definition includes the statement that they are “a formulated product of biological origin that improves plant productivity as a consequence of the novel or emergent properties of the complex of constituents, and not as a sole consequence of the presence of known essential plant nutrients, plant growth regulators, or plant protective compounds.”",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Although there are no widely-accepted definitions of the term, around eight categories of constituents have been recognized in the literature which include:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A review commissioned by the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board also included biological agents under the definition and defined four categories of these:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As of 2016 due to their being no agreed definition of the term biostimulant, there were no specific frameworks for regulating their use in any country. The regulation of production and use of these materials varies from country to country with some treating them under their fertilizer legislations. As of 2016 in Europe, registration requirements differed substantially between countries with France, Italy and Hungary having relatively strict regulations which required evidence of efficacy and toxicity, Germany and Spain requiring only efficacy information and the UK requiring no efficacy or safety information.",
"title": "Regulation"
}
] | Biostimulants also termed as plant conditioners or bioeffectors are substances, cultures of micro-organism, and mixtures of materials used to promote the growth of crop plants and can include natural or artificial plant growth regulators and biofertilizers. They do not include pesticides or fertilizers. The concept has been developed on the basis of the idea that plants are not isolated entities but are grow within a complex ecosystem involving interactions with multiple organisms and that the strengths of these associations can be modified to enhance plant growth. The definitions vary but an attempted standard definition includes the statement that they are “a formulated product of biological origin that improves plant productivity as a consequence of the novel or emergent properties of the complex of constituents, and not as a sole consequence of the presence of known essential plant nutrients, plant growth regulators, or plant protective compounds.” Although there are no widely-accepted definitions of the term, around eight categories of constituents have been recognized in the literature which include: Humic substances
Nitrogenous substances including amino acids
Non-essential chemical elements
Inorganic salts
Seaweed extracts
Chitin and chitosan derivatives
Antitranspirants
Other complex organic materials A review commissioned by the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board also included biological agents under the definition and defined four categories of these: Plant growth promoting bacteria and rhizobacteria
Non-pathogenic fungi
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Non-pathogenic protozoa and nematodes | 2023-12-06T06:52:34Z | 2023-12-10T21:04:04Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biostimulant |
75,497,417 | Dasychira (musician) | Adrian Martens, known professionally as Dasychira (/dɑːsɪkiːrɑː/ DAHSEEKIHRA) is a South African-born musician and record producer based in New York. Dasychira released EPs Immolated (2017) and Haptics (2018), and debut album xDream (2019) on Blueberry Records. They are a co-founder of art collective and music label unseelie.
Martens studied music at the Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music at New York University.
In January 2017, they released the single "Vipera" featuring New York singer Embaci and announced their first release on FaltyDL's Blueberry Records called Immolated. Tiny Mix Tapes gave the album 4/5 and said:
Relentlessly, productions veer into massified attempts at cinematically swallowing whole experiences of apocalypse, dysmorphia, and alienation into highly coded extensions of personal will. Dasychira’s music skirts through this milieu with a truly thoughtful impermanence
The following year, Dasychira released the EP Haptics on Blueberry Records, featuring collaborations with Haleek Maul, Malibu, and Embaci. Debut album xDream was released on Blueberry Records October 31, 2019. Their mixtape Hollywood Forever was published on unseelie in May 2021. Their song "Banyan Tree" was released on February 10, 2023 on unseelie, the first single from their upcoming album See Something on unseelie.
In addition to their solo work, they have production credits for Saul Williams, Haleek Maul, Embaci, Yikii and Daniela Lalita.
Dasychira was born Adrian Martens in Johannesburg, South Africa and currently resides in Lower Manhattan. They identify as non-binary and use they/them pronouns. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Adrian Martens, known professionally as Dasychira (/dɑːsɪkiːrɑː/ DAHSEEKIHRA) is a South African-born musician and record producer based in New York. Dasychira released EPs Immolated (2017) and Haptics (2018), and debut album xDream (2019) on Blueberry Records. They are a co-founder of art collective and music label unseelie.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Martens studied music at the Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music at New York University.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "In January 2017, they released the single \"Vipera\" featuring New York singer Embaci and announced their first release on FaltyDL's Blueberry Records called Immolated. Tiny Mix Tapes gave the album 4/5 and said:",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Relentlessly, productions veer into massified attempts at cinematically swallowing whole experiences of apocalypse, dysmorphia, and alienation into highly coded extensions of personal will. Dasychira’s music skirts through this milieu with a truly thoughtful impermanence",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The following year, Dasychira released the EP Haptics on Blueberry Records, featuring collaborations with Haleek Maul, Malibu, and Embaci. Debut album xDream was released on Blueberry Records October 31, 2019. Their mixtape Hollywood Forever was published on unseelie in May 2021. Their song \"Banyan Tree\" was released on February 10, 2023 on unseelie, the first single from their upcoming album See Something on unseelie.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In addition to their solo work, they have production credits for Saul Williams, Haleek Maul, Embaci, Yikii and Daniela Lalita.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Dasychira was born Adrian Martens in Johannesburg, South Africa and currently resides in Lower Manhattan. They identify as non-binary and use they/them pronouns.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Adrian Martens, known professionally as Dasychira is a South African-born musician and record producer based in New York. Dasychira released EPs Immolated (2017) and Haptics (2018), and debut album xDream (2019) on Blueberry Records. They are a co-founder of art collective and music label unseelie. | 2023-12-06T06:53:17Z | 2023-12-30T13:11:35Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasychira_(musician) |
75,497,487 | Xiaomi Mi 8 SE | The Xiaomi Mi 8 SE is a midrange phone released in 2018 by Xiaomi. | [
{
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"text": "The Xiaomi Mi 8 SE is a midrange phone released in 2018 by Xiaomi.",
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] | The Xiaomi Mi 8 SE is a midrange phone released in 2018 by Xiaomi. | 2023-12-06T06:56:44Z | 2023-12-14T11:51:26Z | [
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75,497,514 | Arthur's Whisky | Arthur's Whiskey is an upcoming British comedy film starring Diane Keaton, Patricia Hodge and Lulu. It is directed and produced by Stephen Cookson from a script by Alexis Zegerman. It will premiere in the UK on Sky Cinema on 1 January 2024.
Recently widowed Joan (Hodge) discovers that her late husband invented an Elixir of Eternal Youth and shares it two friends Linda (Keaton) and Susan (Lulu). However, are the three women still equipped to be youthful in the modern world?
The film is produced by Stephen Cookson and Peter Keegan at CK Films and Pippa Cross at CrossDay Productions. Cookson also directs, with the screenplay written by Alexis Zegerman. Executive producers include Jack Christian, D.J. McPherson and Leighton Lloyd.
Diane Keaton was linked with the film in January 2023. In May 2023, Patricia Hodge, Lulu, David Harewood as well as Lawrence Chaney and Boy George were added to the cast.
Principal photography took place in 2023 with filming locations including Walton-on-Thames, in England.
It will premiere in the UK on Sky Cinema on 1 January 2024. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Arthur's Whiskey is an upcoming British comedy film starring Diane Keaton, Patricia Hodge and Lulu. It is directed and produced by Stephen Cookson from a script by Alexis Zegerman. It will premiere in the UK on Sky Cinema on 1 January 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Recently widowed Joan (Hodge) discovers that her late husband invented an Elixir of Eternal Youth and shares it two friends Linda (Keaton) and Susan (Lulu). However, are the three women still equipped to be youthful in the modern world?",
"title": "Premise"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The film is produced by Stephen Cookson and Peter Keegan at CK Films and Pippa Cross at CrossDay Productions. Cookson also directs, with the screenplay written by Alexis Zegerman. Executive producers include Jack Christian, D.J. McPherson and Leighton Lloyd.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
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"text": "Diane Keaton was linked with the film in January 2023. In May 2023, Patricia Hodge, Lulu, David Harewood as well as Lawrence Chaney and Boy George were added to the cast.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
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"text": "Principal photography took place in 2023 with filming locations including Walton-on-Thames, in England.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "It will premiere in the UK on Sky Cinema on 1 January 2024.",
"title": "Release"
}
] | Arthur's Whiskey is an upcoming British comedy film starring Diane Keaton, Patricia Hodge and Lulu. It is directed and produced by Stephen Cookson from a script by Alexis Zegerman. It will premiere in the UK on Sky Cinema on 1 January 2024. | 2023-12-06T06:59:06Z | 2023-12-27T04:38:21Z | [
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75,497,695 | Xiaomi Mi 8 Lite | The Xiaomi Mi 8 Lite is a midrange phone released in 2018 by Xiaomi. It could also be referred to as Xiaomi Mi 8 Youth/Xiaomi Mi 8X. | [
{
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"text": "The Xiaomi Mi 8 Lite is a midrange phone released in 2018 by Xiaomi. It could also be referred to as Xiaomi Mi 8 Youth/Xiaomi Mi 8X.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Xiaomi Mi 8 Lite is a midrange phone released in 2018 by Xiaomi. It could also be referred to as Xiaomi Mi 8 Youth/Xiaomi Mi 8X. | 2023-12-06T07:11:37Z | 2023-12-14T11:51:16Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiaomi_Mi_8_Lite |
75,497,778 | JNJ-3792165 | JNJ-3792165 is a chemical compound which acts as a small-molecule antagonist of the previously orphan receptor GPR139. It has been shown to modulate dopamine release in the brain via interaction with the Dopamine receptor D2, and increases the effect of morphine at the mu opioid receptor. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "JNJ-3792165 is a chemical compound which acts as a small-molecule antagonist of the previously orphan receptor GPR139. It has been shown to modulate dopamine release in the brain via interaction with the Dopamine receptor D2, and increases the effect of morphine at the mu opioid receptor.",
"title": ""
}
] | JNJ-3792165 is a chemical compound which acts as a small-molecule antagonist of the previously orphan receptor GPR139. It has been shown to modulate dopamine release in the brain via interaction with the Dopamine receptor D2, and increases the effect of morphine at the mu opioid receptor. | 2023-12-06T07:18:13Z | 2023-12-11T03:54:11Z | [
"Template:Short description",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JNJ-3792165 |
75,497,782 | Xiaomi Mi 6X | [] | REDIRECT [[Xiaomi Mi A2] | 2023-12-06T07:18:59Z | 2023-12-06T07:18:59Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiaomi_Mi_6X |
|
75,497,795 | Barona | [] | 2023-12-06T07:23:42Z | 2023-12-06T07:40:51Z | [
"Template:Redirect category shell"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barona |
||
75,497,813 | Dalea hallii | Dalea hallii, Hall's prairie clover or Hall's dalea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to east-central Texas. Pollinated by honey bees and bumble bees, it is a perennial reaching 20 cm (8 in). | [
{
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"text": "Dalea hallii, Hall's prairie clover or Hall's dalea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to east-central Texas. Pollinated by honey bees and bumble bees, it is a perennial reaching 20 cm (8 in).",
"title": ""
},
{
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] | Dalea hallii, Hall's prairie clover or Hall's dalea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to east-central Texas. Pollinated by honey bees and bumble bees, it is a perennial reaching 20 cm (8 in). | 2023-12-06T07:30:36Z | 2023-12-06T07:30:36Z | [
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75,497,831 | Kangina | Kangina (Dari: کنگینه, lit. 'treasure', Dari pronunciation: [kʌn'ɡiːnɜ]) is the traditional Afghan technique of preserving fresh fruit, particularly grapes, in airtight discs (also called kangina) formed from mud and straw. The centuries-old technique is indigenous to Afghanistan's rural center and north, where remote communities that cannot import fresh fruit eat kangina-preserved fresh grapes throughout the winter, and merchants use kangina to safely store and transport grapes for sale at market. Grapes preserved using kangina in modern Afghanistan are typically of the thick-skinned Taifi or Kishmishi varieties, which are harvested later in the season and remain fresh in the mud vessels for up to six months.
The method, a form of passive controlled-atmosphere storage, works by sealing fruit in the clay-rich mud, restricting flow of air, moisture and microbes, much as a plastic bag would. Discs are formed from two bowl-shaped pieces, which are sculpted from mud and straw, and baked in the sun before being filled with up to 1–2 kilograms (2.2–4.4 lb) of un-bruised fruit and sealed with more mud. They are kept dry and cool, away from direct sunlight. Gradual permeation of gas through the clay barrier allows oxygen to enter the container, keeping the grapes alive, while the elevated concentration of carbon dioxide inside the package inhibits the grapes' metabolism and prevents the growth of fungus. The grapes are prevented from drying out, and the mud absorbs liquid which would otherwise lead to bacterial and fungal growth.
The practice of storing grapes in mud and straw has been recorded as far back as the 12th century: in his Book of Agriculture, Sevillan agronomist Ibn al-'Awwam noted layering grapes with straw in mud-sealed glass containers or "cowpat bowls" as an extant technique of preservation in Andalusia.
Kangina are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and effective vessels for the preservation of fresh fruit. A 2023 study found kangina and Polystyrene foam boxes to be the most effective vessels for preserving grapes. The containers are, however, heavy, unwieldy, and prone to absorbing moisture. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kangina (Dari: کنگینه, lit. 'treasure', Dari pronunciation: [kʌn'ɡiːnɜ]) is the traditional Afghan technique of preserving fresh fruit, particularly grapes, in airtight discs (also called kangina) formed from mud and straw. The centuries-old technique is indigenous to Afghanistan's rural center and north, where remote communities that cannot import fresh fruit eat kangina-preserved fresh grapes throughout the winter, and merchants use kangina to safely store and transport grapes for sale at market. Grapes preserved using kangina in modern Afghanistan are typically of the thick-skinned Taifi or Kishmishi varieties, which are harvested later in the season and remain fresh in the mud vessels for up to six months.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The method, a form of passive controlled-atmosphere storage, works by sealing fruit in the clay-rich mud, restricting flow of air, moisture and microbes, much as a plastic bag would. Discs are formed from two bowl-shaped pieces, which are sculpted from mud and straw, and baked in the sun before being filled with up to 1–2 kilograms (2.2–4.4 lb) of un-bruised fruit and sealed with more mud. They are kept dry and cool, away from direct sunlight. Gradual permeation of gas through the clay barrier allows oxygen to enter the container, keeping the grapes alive, while the elevated concentration of carbon dioxide inside the package inhibits the grapes' metabolism and prevents the growth of fungus. The grapes are prevented from drying out, and the mud absorbs liquid which would otherwise lead to bacterial and fungal growth.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The practice of storing grapes in mud and straw has been recorded as far back as the 12th century: in his Book of Agriculture, Sevillan agronomist Ibn al-'Awwam noted layering grapes with straw in mud-sealed glass containers or \"cowpat bowls\" as an extant technique of preservation in Andalusia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Kangina are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and effective vessels for the preservation of fresh fruit. A 2023 study found kangina and Polystyrene foam boxes to be the most effective vessels for preserving grapes. The containers are, however, heavy, unwieldy, and prone to absorbing moisture.",
"title": ""
}
] | Kangina is the traditional Afghan technique of preserving fresh fruit, particularly grapes, in airtight discs formed from mud and straw. The centuries-old technique is indigenous to Afghanistan's rural center and north, where remote communities that cannot import fresh fruit eat kangina-preserved fresh grapes throughout the winter, and merchants use kangina to safely store and transport grapes for sale at market. Grapes preserved using kangina in modern Afghanistan are typically of the thick-skinned Taifi or Kishmishi varieties, which are harvested later in the season and remain fresh in the mud vessels for up to six months. The method, a form of passive controlled-atmosphere storage, works by sealing fruit in the clay-rich mud, restricting flow of air, moisture and microbes, much as a plastic bag would. Discs are formed from two bowl-shaped pieces, which are sculpted from mud and straw, and baked in the sun before being filled with up to 1–2 kilograms (2.2–4.4 lb) of un-bruised fruit and sealed with more mud. They are kept dry and cool, away from direct sunlight. Gradual permeation of gas through the clay barrier allows oxygen to enter the container, keeping the grapes alive, while the elevated concentration of carbon dioxide inside the package inhibits the grapes' metabolism and prevents the growth of fungus. The grapes are prevented from drying out, and the mud absorbs liquid which would otherwise lead to bacterial and fungal growth. The practice of storing grapes in mud and straw has been recorded as far back as the 12th century: in his Book of Agriculture, Sevillan agronomist Ibn al-'Awwam noted layering grapes with straw in mud-sealed glass containers or "cowpat bowls" as an extant technique of preservation in Andalusia. Kangina are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and effective vessels for the preservation of fresh fruit. A 2023 study found kangina and Polystyrene foam boxes to be the most effective vessels for preserving grapes. The containers are, however, heavy, unwieldy, and prone to absorbing moisture. | 2023-12-06T07:34:06Z | 2023-12-27T16:53:17Z | [
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75,497,835 | Minusinsk Regional Museum | 53°42′36″N 91°41′19″E / 53.70988°N 91.68866°E / 53.70988; 91.68866
The Minusinsk Regional Museum, also Museum of Local Lore in Minusinsk or Martyanov Museum, is a museum in the city of Minusinsk, Russia. It was created in 1877 by a chemist and collector Nickolai Martyanov, who had a collection of unique archeological finds discovered in the Minusinsk Hollow. The museum received a silver medal in the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900.
The museum has a large collection of artifacts from the Minusinsk Bronze and Iron Ages, dating to the Afanasievo culture, the Okunev culture, the Andronovo culture, the Karasuk culture, the Tagar culture and the post-Tagar period.
The museum also has collections of Chinese Middle Age mirrors, Chinese coins of 5th-19th centuries, and works of art from Tuva and Khakassia. | [
{
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"text": "53°42′36″N 91°41′19″E / 53.70988°N 91.68866°E / 53.70988; 91.68866",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Minusinsk Regional Museum, also Museum of Local Lore in Minusinsk or Martyanov Museum, is a museum in the city of Minusinsk, Russia. It was created in 1877 by a chemist and collector Nickolai Martyanov, who had a collection of unique archeological finds discovered in the Minusinsk Hollow. The museum received a silver medal in the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The museum has a large collection of artifacts from the Minusinsk Bronze and Iron Ages, dating to the Afanasievo culture, the Okunev culture, the Andronovo culture, the Karasuk culture, the Tagar culture and the post-Tagar period.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The museum also has collections of Chinese Middle Age mirrors, Chinese coins of 5th-19th centuries, and works of art from Tuva and Khakassia.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Minusinsk Regional Museum, also Museum of Local Lore in Minusinsk or Martyanov Museum, is a museum in the city of Minusinsk, Russia. It was created in 1877 by a chemist and collector Nickolai Martyanov, who had a collection of unique archeological finds discovered in the Minusinsk Hollow. The museum received a silver medal in the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900. The museum has a large collection of artifacts from the Minusinsk Bronze and Iron Ages, dating to the Afanasievo culture, the Okunev culture, the Andronovo culture, the Karasuk culture, the Tagar culture and the post-Tagar period. The museum also has collections of Chinese Middle Age mirrors, Chinese coins of 5th-19th centuries, and works of art from Tuva and Khakassia. | 2023-12-06T07:34:55Z | 2023-12-14T15:51:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minusinsk_Regional_Museum |
75,497,844 | Barona (surname) | Barona is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
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"text": "Barona is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
},
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] | Barona is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Barbara Barone, Chilean equestrian
Daina Barone, Latvian curler | 2023-12-06T07:36:29Z | 2023-12-06T07:47:51Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barona_(surname) |
75,497,856 | 20&2 | 20&2 is the ninth Korean studio album by South Korean duo TVXQ, released on December 26, 2023, through SM Entertainment. It is their first full album of new material since 2019's Japanese album XV. It was promoted by the lead single "Rebel". The duo will embark on a tour across Asia from December 30, 2023, to February 2024, in support of the album.
The album commemorates the 20th anniversary of TVXQ's formation and is also a reference to the two remaining members, Yunho and Changmin.
The album was promoted by the lead single "Rebel", which a press release described as "a seamless blend of intense drum beats with heavy synth bass sounds". An exhibition will be held from December 23 to January 6, 2024, on the island of Yeongjongdo, in Incheon, South Korea. The duo will embark on the 20&2 tour across Asia beginning in Seoul on December 30, 2023, | [
{
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"text": "20&2 is the ninth Korean studio album by South Korean duo TVXQ, released on December 26, 2023, through SM Entertainment. It is their first full album of new material since 2019's Japanese album XV. It was promoted by the lead single \"Rebel\". The duo will embark on a tour across Asia from December 30, 2023, to February 2024, in support of the album.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The album commemorates the 20th anniversary of TVXQ's formation and is also a reference to the two remaining members, Yunho and Changmin.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The album was promoted by the lead single \"Rebel\", which a press release described as \"a seamless blend of intense drum beats with heavy synth bass sounds\". An exhibition will be held from December 23 to January 6, 2024, on the island of Yeongjongdo, in Incheon, South Korea. The duo will embark on the 20&2 tour across Asia beginning in Seoul on December 30, 2023,",
"title": "Promotion"
}
] | 20&2 is the ninth Korean studio album by South Korean duo TVXQ, released on December 26, 2023, through SM Entertainment. It is their first full album of new material since 2019's Japanese album XV. It was promoted by the lead single "Rebel". The duo will embark on a tour across Asia from December 30, 2023, to February 2024, in support of the album. | 2023-12-06T07:39:39Z | 2023-12-30T16:10:17Z | [
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75,497,868 | Hippolyte-Louis | Hippolyte-Louis may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hippolyte-Louis may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Hippolyte-Louis may refer to: Hippolyte Louis Bazin, Apostolic Vicar of French Sudan of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bamako
Charles Hippolyte Louis Jules Binet, dit Binet-Sanglé (1868–1941), French doctor
Hippolyte-Louis-Florent Bis (1789–1855), French playwright
Arnaud Hippolyte Louis Daniel, Occitan troubadour
Hippolyte-Louis-Alexandre Dechet (1801–1830), French actor
Armand-Hippolyte-Louis Fizeau (1819–1896), French physicist
Hippolyte-Louis Guérin de Litteau (1797–1861), French poet
Hippolyte Louis Gory (1800–1852), French entomologist
Hippolyte Louis Edouard Prétot, French shipwright; see List of ship launches in 1842
Hippolyte Louis Jean Simon, bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Clermont | 2023-12-06T07:42:13Z | 2023-12-07T06:56:41Z | [
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75,497,871 | Louis-Hippolyte | Louis-Hippolyte may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Louis-Hippolyte may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Louis-Hippolyte may refer to: Joseph Louis Hippolyte Bellangé (1800–1866), French painter
Louis-Hippolyte Boileau (1878–1948), French architect
Louis Hippolyte Bouteille (1804–1881), French ornithologist
Louis Hippolyte Gache, 19th century pastor of the Holy Trinity Catholic Church
Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine (1807–1864), Canadian politician
Louis-Hippolyte Lebas (1782–1867), French architect
Louis Hippolyte Leroy (1763–1829), French fashion merchant
Louis Hippolyte de Lormel (1808–1888), French colonial administrator
François Louis Hippolyte Monpou (1804–1841), French musician
Louis Hippolyte Marie Nouet (1884–1933), French colonial administrator | 2023-12-06T07:42:38Z | 2023-12-07T06:56:25Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Hippolyte |
75,497,880 | 2022 Nippon Professional Baseball draft | The 2022 Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) Draft was held on October 20, 2021, for the 58th time at the Grand Prince Hotel Takanawa to assign amateur baseball players to the NPB. It was arranged with the special cooperation of Taisho Pharmaceutical with official naming rights. The draft was officially called "The Professional Baseball Draft Meeting supported by Lipovitan D ". It has been sponsored by Taisho Pharmaceutical for the 10th consecutive year since 2013.
Only the first round picks will be done by bid lottery. from 2019, the Professional Baseball Executive Committee has decided that the Central League and the Pacific League will be given the second round of waiver priority alternately every other year, and in 2022 Pacific League received the waiver priority. And since it was held in the middle of the regular season, the second round of Waiver priority was decided according to the ranking as of October 10, the day before. From the third round the order was reversed continuing in the same fashion until all picks were exhausted. It ends when all teams are "selected" or when the total number of selected players reaches 120. Also, if the number of players has not reached 120, we will continue to hold a "developmental squad player selection meeting" with the participation of the desired team. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2022 Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) Draft was held on October 20, 2021, for the 58th time at the Grand Prince Hotel Takanawa to assign amateur baseball players to the NPB. It was arranged with the special cooperation of Taisho Pharmaceutical with official naming rights. The draft was officially called \"The Professional Baseball Draft Meeting supported by Lipovitan D \". It has been sponsored by Taisho Pharmaceutical for the 10th consecutive year since 2013.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Only the first round picks will be done by bid lottery. from 2019, the Professional Baseball Executive Committee has decided that the Central League and the Pacific League will be given the second round of waiver priority alternately every other year, and in 2022 Pacific League received the waiver priority. And since it was held in the middle of the regular season, the second round of Waiver priority was decided according to the ranking as of October 10, the day before. From the third round the order was reversed continuing in the same fashion until all picks were exhausted. It ends when all teams are \"selected\" or when the total number of selected players reaches 120. Also, if the number of players has not reached 120, we will continue to hold a \"developmental squad player selection meeting\" with the participation of the desired team.",
"title": "Summary"
}
] | The 2022 Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) Draft was held on October 20, 2021, for the 58th time at the Grand Prince Hotel Takanawa to assign amateur baseball players to the NPB. It was arranged with the special cooperation of Taisho Pharmaceutical with official naming rights. The draft was officially called "The Professional Baseball Draft Meeting supported by Lipovitan D ". It has been sponsored by Taisho Pharmaceutical for the 10th consecutive year since 2013. | 2023-12-06T07:44:55Z | 2023-12-14T21:16:24Z | [
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75,497,889 | Islam, Youth, and Modernity in The Gambia | Islam, Youth, and Modernity in The Gambia: The Tablighi Jama'at is an ethnographic account exploring the Tablighi Jama'at movement within The Gambia. Authored by Marloes Janson and published by Cambridge University Press in 2013, the book delves into the intricacies of Tablighi members' lives, providing insights into how the movement shapes established Islamic practices, authority structures, and gender roles. Shortlisted for the 2014 The Thinking Allowed Award for Ethnography by BBC Radio 4 and the British Sociological Association, it represents the first full-blown study of the Tablighi Jamaat movement in Africa. Drawing from 12 months of fieldwork in the early to mid-2000s, initiated in the late 1990s, Janson's narrative focuses on the experiences of five members, highlighting the nuanced interplay between modernity, Islam, and youth in the Gambian context. The book emphasizes the movement's resonance with urban youth aged 15 to 35 and its distinctive characteristics in The Gambia, including active women's participation in missionary activities. At its heart, the book thoroughly explores the repercussions of Islamic reform on gender dynamics in The Gambia. Janson characterizes the Jama'at as a youth movement, delving into how Tablighis redefine identity, social dynamics, and gender roles through practices like missionary tours and teaching/learning sessions.
Commencing research in the late 1990s in The Gambia, the author undertook a 12-month field study during the early to mid-2000s. Noted by Robert Launay for its intricate nature, the research is characterized by the author's candid acknowledgment of challenges faced, the complexities of the situation, and her role as a researcher. Notably, the Tablighis displayed reluctance in engaging with the researcher due to her non-Muslim status and, from the perspective of Tablighi men, her unrelated status as a woman. To overcome this hesitancy, the author adopted the use of a niqāb—a decision causing both physical and moral discomfort. Despite eventual acceptance of her presence, the Tablighis maintained skepticism toward the project's objectives, expressing the hope that her immersion among them would lead to personal conversion. Emphasizing the insignificance of their own life stories, they prioritized the importance of their mission. The majority of informants attended Western rather than Qur'anic schools and possessed limited proficiency in Arabic.
The initial three chapters lay the groundwork by scrutinizing Muslim identity in postcolonial Gambia and delving into how the Tablighi Jama'at, a global movement founded in colonial India in 1927, finds its place within this context. The movement, which traditionally targeted older men, attracts mainly urban youth in the Gambia, particularly those aged fifteen to thirty-five, since the 1990s. Chapters four to eight portray individual experiences within the Tablighi community, contrasting the lifestyles of Tablighi adherents like Bubacar with those who identify as 'ghetto boys.' The narratives illuminate how Tablighi identity, marked by distinctive clothing and conduct, stands in stark contrast to the more secular lifestyles adopted by some Gambian youth. Despite the patriarchal aspects of Tablighi ideology, the book explores how women negotiate space within the movement through teaching sessions and missionary activities. Chapter nine delves into the Tablighi movement's distinctiveness, emphasizing its use of English as the language of knowledge production and its 'emotionalist' appeal, addressing youth concerns about being good Muslims. The author adeptly navigates the paradoxes within the Tablighi movement, notably its shift to a youth-oriented phenomenon in Gambia and its equal appeal to both genders.
Robert Launay observed that the author crafted a detailed and provocative narrative in this book, interweaving individual experiences with broader characteristics of the movement. The narrative emphasizes the fundamental ambivalences faced by those aspiring to lead pious lives. The tension between Tablighi Jamaat and Salafi ideologies is a central theme of this book. Ala Alhourani observes another theme—the politics and public performances of Muslim-ness—illustrating contestations with mainstream Muslims over the appropriate way of being a true pious Muslim.
The anti-intellectual stance of Tablighi Jamaat, as highlighted by the author, resonates with Aomar Boum's acknowledgment of the ethnographic approach. This approach allows readers to perceive individual religious experiences as ambivalent trajectories full of contradictions. Boum emphasizes the method's effectiveness in showcasing how Gambian Tablighi youth approach religion as a mechanism for negotiating shifting relations with the world around them.
According to Michelle C. Johnson, the heart of the book lies in its exploration of the effects of Islamic reform on gender in The Gambia. Riyaz Timol underscores the central objective of the book, which is to dissect the ways in which youth, Islam, and modernity intersect in the lives of young Gambians seeking paths to piety. The contested arena where tribal and reformist strands of Islam vie for primacy becomes apparent, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the complex dynamics at play.
Caitlyn Bolton asserts that, in the contemporary anthropological discourse, the author embarks on a thorough exploration, challenging the prevailing portrayal of Islam as a "discursive tradition." This theoretical framework conceptualizes Islam as a succession of discourses that shape the conduct of present adherents by referring to conceptions of the Islamic past and future. The author contends that this perspective disproportionately values intellectual debate, inadvertently overlooking the Tablighis' anti-intellectual stance and their inclination towards orthopraxy over orthodoxy. Adding a layer of nuance, the author, narrowly construing "discursive tradition" as exclusively tied to the sacred texts of Islam, fails to acknowledge the Tablighi Jama'at's integral role within a broader discursive tradition. The group's central practice, tabligh—encompassing teaching and missionizing—inherently carries a discursive nature, offering guidance to believers on "correct" Islamic practices by invoking a conceptualization of the Islamic past.
Amir Syed underscores an omission in the author's analysis, pointing out that while the book delves into crucial topics, it lacks a thorough examination of epistemological questions. This encompasses the intricate relationship between Western education and the Tablighi Jamaat, as well as variations in pedagogical approaches within the majlis and madrasa. The text also falls short in portraying the diverse religious affiliations and expressions of Islamic identity among Gambian youth beyond the somewhat stereotypical 'ghetto boys' or Tablighis. Building on this critique, Caitlyn Bolton highlights the absence of a discursive approach that would facilitate exploration into key aspects essential for understanding the movement. Lingering questions persist regarding the Tablighis' conceptualization of the Islamic past, its distinctions from neighboring Salafis, and the mediation of this conception through the Fazail-e-Amaal – the text exclusively referenced by Tablighis, alongside the Quran. Robert Launay's observation is that while the book provides detailed accounts of individual lives within the Tablighi Jama’at, the emphasis on specific experiences may pose a challenge in capturing the overarching collective nature of the movement.
It has garnered acclaim from scholars, with Dorothea E. Schulz praising its dual achievement in exploring the reasons behind the involvement of women and youth in a transnational Islamic movement and providing a compelling analysis of its localization in The Gambia. Amir Syed commends the work for posing important questions, while Karin Kapadia applauds its writing, rich detail, and nuanced depiction of reformist Islamic behavior. Ala Alhourani highlights its contribution to scholarly debates on the emergent Muslim public, linking it to modern nation-building and globalization. The Point underscores its academic depth and broad applicability, recommended across disciplines. Aomar Boum acknowledges its departure from traditional assumptions about African Islam, and Caitlyn Bolton finds value in its attention to lived spiritual lives and the questions it raises. David Perfect welcomes its contribution to Gambian literature, and Michelle C. Johnson describes it as a fascinating journey into Tablighi Jama'at. Riyaz Timol lauds its sensitive yet scholarly approach, recognizing its depth, texture, and substantial contribution to understanding the appropriation of religious experience in a postcolonial, globalized context.
On December 16, 2013, the Department of Cultural Anthropology at Leiden University, in collaboration with African Studies Centre Leiden, co-hosted a seminar dedicated to this book. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Islam, Youth, and Modernity in The Gambia: The Tablighi Jama'at is an ethnographic account exploring the Tablighi Jama'at movement within The Gambia. Authored by Marloes Janson and published by Cambridge University Press in 2013, the book delves into the intricacies of Tablighi members' lives, providing insights into how the movement shapes established Islamic practices, authority structures, and gender roles. Shortlisted for the 2014 The Thinking Allowed Award for Ethnography by BBC Radio 4 and the British Sociological Association, it represents the first full-blown study of the Tablighi Jamaat movement in Africa. Drawing from 12 months of fieldwork in the early to mid-2000s, initiated in the late 1990s, Janson's narrative focuses on the experiences of five members, highlighting the nuanced interplay between modernity, Islam, and youth in the Gambian context. The book emphasizes the movement's resonance with urban youth aged 15 to 35 and its distinctive characteristics in The Gambia, including active women's participation in missionary activities. At its heart, the book thoroughly explores the repercussions of Islamic reform on gender dynamics in The Gambia. Janson characterizes the Jama'at as a youth movement, delving into how Tablighis redefine identity, social dynamics, and gender roles through practices like missionary tours and teaching/learning sessions.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Commencing research in the late 1990s in The Gambia, the author undertook a 12-month field study during the early to mid-2000s. Noted by Robert Launay for its intricate nature, the research is characterized by the author's candid acknowledgment of challenges faced, the complexities of the situation, and her role as a researcher. Notably, the Tablighis displayed reluctance in engaging with the researcher due to her non-Muslim status and, from the perspective of Tablighi men, her unrelated status as a woman. To overcome this hesitancy, the author adopted the use of a niqāb—a decision causing both physical and moral discomfort. Despite eventual acceptance of her presence, the Tablighis maintained skepticism toward the project's objectives, expressing the hope that her immersion among them would lead to personal conversion. Emphasizing the insignificance of their own life stories, they prioritized the importance of their mission. The majority of informants attended Western rather than Qur'anic schools and possessed limited proficiency in Arabic.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The initial three chapters lay the groundwork by scrutinizing Muslim identity in postcolonial Gambia and delving into how the Tablighi Jama'at, a global movement founded in colonial India in 1927, finds its place within this context. The movement, which traditionally targeted older men, attracts mainly urban youth in the Gambia, particularly those aged fifteen to thirty-five, since the 1990s. Chapters four to eight portray individual experiences within the Tablighi community, contrasting the lifestyles of Tablighi adherents like Bubacar with those who identify as 'ghetto boys.' The narratives illuminate how Tablighi identity, marked by distinctive clothing and conduct, stands in stark contrast to the more secular lifestyles adopted by some Gambian youth. Despite the patriarchal aspects of Tablighi ideology, the book explores how women negotiate space within the movement through teaching sessions and missionary activities. Chapter nine delves into the Tablighi movement's distinctiveness, emphasizing its use of English as the language of knowledge production and its 'emotionalist' appeal, addressing youth concerns about being good Muslims. The author adeptly navigates the paradoxes within the Tablighi movement, notably its shift to a youth-oriented phenomenon in Gambia and its equal appeal to both genders.",
"title": "Content"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Robert Launay observed that the author crafted a detailed and provocative narrative in this book, interweaving individual experiences with broader characteristics of the movement. The narrative emphasizes the fundamental ambivalences faced by those aspiring to lead pious lives. The tension between Tablighi Jamaat and Salafi ideologies is a central theme of this book. Ala Alhourani observes another theme—the politics and public performances of Muslim-ness—illustrating contestations with mainstream Muslims over the appropriate way of being a true pious Muslim.",
"title": "Theme"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The anti-intellectual stance of Tablighi Jamaat, as highlighted by the author, resonates with Aomar Boum's acknowledgment of the ethnographic approach. This approach allows readers to perceive individual religious experiences as ambivalent trajectories full of contradictions. Boum emphasizes the method's effectiveness in showcasing how Gambian Tablighi youth approach religion as a mechanism for negotiating shifting relations with the world around them.",
"title": "Theme"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "According to Michelle C. Johnson, the heart of the book lies in its exploration of the effects of Islamic reform on gender in The Gambia. Riyaz Timol underscores the central objective of the book, which is to dissect the ways in which youth, Islam, and modernity intersect in the lives of young Gambians seeking paths to piety. The contested arena where tribal and reformist strands of Islam vie for primacy becomes apparent, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the complex dynamics at play.",
"title": "Theme"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Caitlyn Bolton asserts that, in the contemporary anthropological discourse, the author embarks on a thorough exploration, challenging the prevailing portrayal of Islam as a \"discursive tradition.\" This theoretical framework conceptualizes Islam as a succession of discourses that shape the conduct of present adherents by referring to conceptions of the Islamic past and future. The author contends that this perspective disproportionately values intellectual debate, inadvertently overlooking the Tablighis' anti-intellectual stance and their inclination towards orthopraxy over orthodoxy. Adding a layer of nuance, the author, narrowly construing \"discursive tradition\" as exclusively tied to the sacred texts of Islam, fails to acknowledge the Tablighi Jama'at's integral role within a broader discursive tradition. The group's central practice, tabligh—encompassing teaching and missionizing—inherently carries a discursive nature, offering guidance to believers on \"correct\" Islamic practices by invoking a conceptualization of the Islamic past.",
"title": "Approach"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Amir Syed underscores an omission in the author's analysis, pointing out that while the book delves into crucial topics, it lacks a thorough examination of epistemological questions. This encompasses the intricate relationship between Western education and the Tablighi Jamaat, as well as variations in pedagogical approaches within the majlis and madrasa. The text also falls short in portraying the diverse religious affiliations and expressions of Islamic identity among Gambian youth beyond the somewhat stereotypical 'ghetto boys' or Tablighis. Building on this critique, Caitlyn Bolton highlights the absence of a discursive approach that would facilitate exploration into key aspects essential for understanding the movement. Lingering questions persist regarding the Tablighis' conceptualization of the Islamic past, its distinctions from neighboring Salafis, and the mediation of this conception through the Fazail-e-Amaal – the text exclusively referenced by Tablighis, alongside the Quran. Robert Launay's observation is that while the book provides detailed accounts of individual lives within the Tablighi Jama’at, the emphasis on specific experiences may pose a challenge in capturing the overarching collective nature of the movement.",
"title": "Limitation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "It has garnered acclaim from scholars, with Dorothea E. Schulz praising its dual achievement in exploring the reasons behind the involvement of women and youth in a transnational Islamic movement and providing a compelling analysis of its localization in The Gambia. Amir Syed commends the work for posing important questions, while Karin Kapadia applauds its writing, rich detail, and nuanced depiction of reformist Islamic behavior. Ala Alhourani highlights its contribution to scholarly debates on the emergent Muslim public, linking it to modern nation-building and globalization. The Point underscores its academic depth and broad applicability, recommended across disciplines. Aomar Boum acknowledges its departure from traditional assumptions about African Islam, and Caitlyn Bolton finds value in its attention to lived spiritual lives and the questions it raises. David Perfect welcomes its contribution to Gambian literature, and Michelle C. Johnson describes it as a fascinating journey into Tablighi Jama'at. Riyaz Timol lauds its sensitive yet scholarly approach, recognizing its depth, texture, and substantial contribution to understanding the appropriation of religious experience in a postcolonial, globalized context.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "On December 16, 2013, the Department of Cultural Anthropology at Leiden University, in collaboration with African Studies Centre Leiden, co-hosted a seminar dedicated to this book.",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] | Islam, Youth, and Modernity in The Gambia: The Tablighi Jama'at is an ethnographic account exploring the Tablighi Jama'at movement within The Gambia. Authored by Marloes Janson and published by Cambridge University Press in 2013, the book delves into the intricacies of Tablighi members' lives, providing insights into how the movement shapes established Islamic practices, authority structures, and gender roles. Shortlisted for the 2014 The Thinking Allowed Award for Ethnography by BBC Radio 4 and the British Sociological Association, it represents the first full-blown study of the Tablighi Jamaat movement in Africa. Drawing from 12 months of fieldwork in the early to mid-2000s, initiated in the late 1990s, Janson's narrative focuses on the experiences of five members, highlighting the nuanced interplay between modernity, Islam, and youth in the Gambian context. The book emphasizes the movement's resonance with urban youth aged 15 to 35 and its distinctive characteristics in The Gambia, including active women's participation in missionary activities. At its heart, the book thoroughly explores the repercussions of Islamic reform on gender dynamics in The Gambia. Janson characterizes the Jama'at as a youth movement, delving into how Tablighis redefine identity, social dynamics, and gender roles through practices like missionary tours and teaching/learning sessions. | 2023-12-06T07:46:28Z | 2023-12-26T18:10:02Z | [
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75,497,899 | 2014 GPL Spring | The 2014 GPL Spring was the 5th edition of the Garena Premier League, a Riot Games-organized tournament for League of Legends
12 teams from 5 countries/areas
$200,000 US Dollars are spread among the teams as seen below:
As of this edit, this article uses content from "Garena Premier League", which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. | [
{
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"text": "The 2014 GPL Spring was the 5th edition of the Garena Premier League, a Riot Games-organized tournament for League of Legends",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "12 teams from 5 countries/areas",
"title": "Participants"
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"text": "$200,000 US Dollars are spread among the teams as seen below:",
"title": "Final standings"
},
{
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"text": "As of this edit, this article uses content from \"Garena Premier League\", which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed.",
"title": "External links"
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] | The 2014 GPL Spring was the 5th edition of the Garena Premier League, a Riot Games-organized tournament for League of Legends | 2023-12-06T07:49:33Z | 2023-12-20T15:36:55Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_GPL_Spring |
75,497,924 | Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara | The Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara (IAST: Vaiṣṇava Mātābja Bhāskara, Sanskrit: वैष्णवमताब्जभास्कर:) is one of the most prominent works of Sri Ramanandacharya in Sanskrit. This work is a dialogue between Sri Ramanandacharya and his disciple named Sri Sursuranandacharya.
In Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara Jagadguru Ramanandacharya has answered the 10 most prominent questions related to Vaishnavism. Its primary focus is worship of Lord Rama along with Goddess Sita and Lakshmana. Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara mentions that one's devotion should be like flowing oil which means consistent or unbreakable. According to this text, the ultimate goal of a person is the attainment of Sri Rama as he is one who resides in everyone's heart and is the protector of whole universe and who is known through Upaniṣads. By practicing under the guidance of a guru, a person reaches the divine abode, Saket, where one attains the proximity of Sri Rama. From there, one does not return to this earthly realm. The philosophy of Ramcharit Manas is also in accordance to Sri Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara. Sri Vaishnav Matabja Bhaskara states that every individual irrespective of his colour, gender, caste, background etc. is worthy of Sharnagati unto the holy Lotus feet of Sri Ram, Sri Ramanandacharya in his Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara says:
सर्वे प्रपत्तेरधिकारिणः सदा शक्ता अशक्ता पदयोर्जगत्प्रभोः । अपेक्ष्यते तत्र कुलं बलञ्च नो न चापि कालो न च शुद्धतापि वै ॥ Everyone has the right to seek refuge in Lord Shri Ram, regardless of their capabilities, as the supremely compassionate Lord does not expect the strength of high lineage, knowledge, appropriate timing, or any kind of purification for accepting one at His divine feet. Hence, every individual is entitled to attain the grace of the Divine.—Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara Chapter 4
तप्तेन मूले भुजयोः समङ्कनं शरेण चापेन तथोर्ध्वपुण्ड्रकम् । श्रुतिश्रुतं नाम च मन्त्रमालिके संस्कारभेदाः परमार्थहेतवः ॥
This translates to: The Vedic rituals of imprinting the bow and arrow on the arm, wearing the vertical tilak mark, Urdhvapundra, adopting names associated with devotion unto Sri Ram (such as dasānt, prapannaant, or sharanant like Raghavdas), always wearing a Tulsi bead around the neck, and receiving the instruction of the six-syllabled Sri Ramatarak Mantra from a Vaishnava Acharya, are considered essential for spiritual liberation in Vaishnavism.
धृतोर्ध्वपुण्ड्रस्तुलसीसमुद्भवां दधच्च कण्ठे शुभमालिकां जनः । तज्जन्मकर्माणि हरेरुदाहरेद् गृह्णंश्च नामानि शुभप्रदानि सः ॥
This Translates to: A person who wears the upward-pointing tilaka (Urdhvapundra) on twelve places of their body and adorn themselves with the sacred Tulsi bead around their neck, while singing and chanting the divine names and pastimes of Sri Rama's incarnations, is considered a Vaishnava.
प्रातर्मध्याह्नसायं कृतशुचिकृतिभिः राममभ्यर्च्य सम्यक् श्रीमद्रामायणेन प्रतिदिनमखिलैर्भारतेन प्रपन्नैः । शक्तैरानन्दभाष्यैरथ च शुभतमाचार्यदिव्यप्रबन्धैः कालक्षेपो विधेयः सुविजितकरणैः स्वाकृतेर्यावदन्तम् ॥
This Translates to: A self-disciplined Vaishnava, having control over their senses, should, every morning, noon, and evening, conclude their cleansing rituals and worship Sri Sita-Rama. Following this, they should engage in the study of sacred scriptures like the Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavata, and Vaishnava texts like Anandabhashya to enrich their spiritual knowledge.
Further in this chapter Sri Ramanandacharya says, "If unable to perform the aforementioned practices, one should listen to these sacred texts after the daily cleansing rituals. If that's also not possible, then engaging in chanting the name of Sri Sita-Rama is recommended. If that too isn't feasible, then one should continually seek and meditate upon the divine Dvaya-mantra of Sri Rama." This shows that Sri Ramanandacharya has not let any stone unturned to easy the path of Bhakti. | [
{
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"text": "The Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara (IAST: Vaiṣṇava Mātābja Bhāskara, Sanskrit: वैष्णवमताब्जभास्कर:) is one of the most prominent works of Sri Ramanandacharya in Sanskrit. This work is a dialogue between Sri Ramanandacharya and his disciple named Sri Sursuranandacharya.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara Jagadguru Ramanandacharya has answered the 10 most prominent questions related to Vaishnavism. Its primary focus is worship of Lord Rama along with Goddess Sita and Lakshmana. Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara mentions that one's devotion should be like flowing oil which means consistent or unbreakable. According to this text, the ultimate goal of a person is the attainment of Sri Rama as he is one who resides in everyone's heart and is the protector of whole universe and who is known through Upaniṣads. By practicing under the guidance of a guru, a person reaches the divine abode, Saket, where one attains the proximity of Sri Rama. From there, one does not return to this earthly realm. The philosophy of Ramcharit Manas is also in accordance to Sri Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara. Sri Vaishnav Matabja Bhaskara states that every individual irrespective of his colour, gender, caste, background etc. is worthy of Sharnagati unto the holy Lotus feet of Sri Ram, Sri Ramanandacharya in his Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara says:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "सर्वे प्रपत्तेरधिकारिणः सदा शक्ता अशक्ता पदयोर्जगत्प्रभोः । अपेक्ष्यते तत्र कुलं बलञ्च नो न चापि कालो न च शुद्धतापि वै ॥ Everyone has the right to seek refuge in Lord Shri Ram, regardless of their capabilities, as the supremely compassionate Lord does not expect the strength of high lineage, knowledge, appropriate timing, or any kind of purification for accepting one at His divine feet. Hence, every individual is entitled to attain the grace of the Divine.—Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara Chapter 4",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "तप्तेन मूले भुजयोः समङ्कनं शरेण चापेन तथोर्ध्वपुण्ड्रकम् । श्रुतिश्रुतं नाम च मन्त्रमालिके संस्कारभेदाः परमार्थहेतवः ॥",
"title": "Chapters overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "This translates to: The Vedic rituals of imprinting the bow and arrow on the arm, wearing the vertical tilak mark, Urdhvapundra, adopting names associated with devotion unto Sri Ram (such as dasānt, prapannaant, or sharanant like Raghavdas), always wearing a Tulsi bead around the neck, and receiving the instruction of the six-syllabled Sri Ramatarak Mantra from a Vaishnava Acharya, are considered essential for spiritual liberation in Vaishnavism.",
"title": "Chapters overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "धृतोर्ध्वपुण्ड्रस्तुलसीसमुद्भवां दधच्च कण्ठे शुभमालिकां जनः । तज्जन्मकर्माणि हरेरुदाहरेद् गृह्णंश्च नामानि शुभप्रदानि सः ॥",
"title": "Chapters overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "This Translates to: A person who wears the upward-pointing tilaka (Urdhvapundra) on twelve places of their body and adorn themselves with the sacred Tulsi bead around their neck, while singing and chanting the divine names and pastimes of Sri Rama's incarnations, is considered a Vaishnava.",
"title": "Chapters overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "प्रातर्मध्याह्नसायं कृतशुचिकृतिभिः राममभ्यर्च्य सम्यक् श्रीमद्रामायणेन प्रतिदिनमखिलैर्भारतेन प्रपन्नैः । शक्तैरानन्दभाष्यैरथ च शुभतमाचार्यदिव्यप्रबन्धैः कालक्षेपो विधेयः सुविजितकरणैः स्वाकृतेर्यावदन्तम् ॥",
"title": "Chapters overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "This Translates to: A self-disciplined Vaishnava, having control over their senses, should, every morning, noon, and evening, conclude their cleansing rituals and worship Sri Sita-Rama. Following this, they should engage in the study of sacred scriptures like the Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavata, and Vaishnava texts like Anandabhashya to enrich their spiritual knowledge.",
"title": "Chapters overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Further in this chapter Sri Ramanandacharya says, \"If unable to perform the aforementioned practices, one should listen to these sacred texts after the daily cleansing rituals. If that's also not possible, then engaging in chanting the name of Sri Sita-Rama is recommended. If that too isn't feasible, then one should continually seek and meditate upon the divine Dvaya-mantra of Sri Rama.\" This shows that Sri Ramanandacharya has not let any stone unturned to easy the path of Bhakti.",
"title": "Chapters overview"
}
] | The Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara is one of the most prominent works of Sri Ramanandacharya in Sanskrit. This work is a dialogue between Sri Ramanandacharya and his disciple named Sri Sursuranandacharya. In Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara Jagadguru Ramanandacharya has answered the 10 most prominent questions related to Vaishnavism. Its primary focus is worship of Lord Rama along with Goddess Sita and Lakshmana. Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara mentions that one's devotion should be like flowing oil which means consistent or unbreakable. According to this text, the ultimate goal of a person is the attainment of Sri Rama as he is one who resides in everyone's heart and is the protector of whole universe and who is known through Upaniṣads. By practicing under the guidance of a guru, a person reaches the divine abode, Saket, where one attains the proximity of Sri Rama. From there, one does not return to this earthly realm. The philosophy of Ramcharit Manas is also in accordance to Sri Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara. Sri Vaishnav Matabja Bhaskara states that every individual irrespective of his colour, gender, caste, background etc. is worthy of Sharnagati unto the holy Lotus feet of Sri Ram, Sri Ramanandacharya in his Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara says: | 2023-12-06T07:53:32Z | 2023-12-13T08:57:42Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaishnava_Matabja_Bhaskara |
75,497,935 | Juncus littoralis | Juncus littoralis is a species of rush in the family Juncaceae known as coastal rush; it has no subspecies.
Juncus littoralis is a large rush (to 100 cm) forming individualised densely-stemmed plants, the stems rigid (2-4 mm wide). The flowers have 6 tepals of which the 3 inner have a conspicuous white upper margin and are notched at the top, the fruit capsules are dark brown and moderately sized (to 4 mm) with sharpish edging creating a pyramidal top. The inflorescence is usually formed of tight clusters held either closely together or in proximity (resembling J. acutus). The final bracts under the small flower heads are smaller than the flowers. Seeds are 0.8-1.1 mm long (1.5-2.0 mm including appendages).
Given its habitat requirement of salty sands, when identifying plants outside that habitat or country range the similar species below should be considered.
Juncus littoralis is found in countries bordering the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas - Albania, Algeria, Balearics, Bulgaria, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Egypt, France, Greece, Iran, Italy, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, North Caucasus, Palestine, Romania, Sinai, Spain, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Yugoslavia.
This rush is found on moving sand and other sandy coastal habitats, rarely in saline inland habitats. and in Turkey on maritime sands and the shores of saline lakes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Juncus littoralis is a species of rush in the family Juncaceae known as coastal rush; it has no subspecies.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Juncus littoralis is a large rush (to 100 cm) forming individualised densely-stemmed plants, the stems rigid (2-4 mm wide). The flowers have 6 tepals of which the 3 inner have a conspicuous white upper margin and are notched at the top, the fruit capsules are dark brown and moderately sized (to 4 mm) with sharpish edging creating a pyramidal top. The inflorescence is usually formed of tight clusters held either closely together or in proximity (resembling J. acutus). The final bracts under the small flower heads are smaller than the flowers. Seeds are 0.8-1.1 mm long (1.5-2.0 mm including appendages).",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Given its habitat requirement of salty sands, when identifying plants outside that habitat or country range the similar species below should be considered.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Juncus littoralis is found in countries bordering the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas - Albania, Algeria, Balearics, Bulgaria, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Egypt, France, Greece, Iran, Italy, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, North Caucasus, Palestine, Romania, Sinai, Spain, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Yugoslavia.",
"title": "Range"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "This rush is found on moving sand and other sandy coastal habitats, rarely in saline inland habitats. and in Turkey on maritime sands and the shores of saline lakes.",
"title": "Habitat"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Juncus littoralis is a species of rush in the family Juncaceae known as coastal rush; it has no subspecies. | 2023-12-06T07:55:34Z | 2023-12-21T15:32:07Z | [
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"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Plant-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juncus_littoralis |
75,497,940 | 2023 Western Showdown | The 2023 Nutrien Ag Solutions Western Showdown was held from December 6 to 10 at the Swift Current Curling Club in Swift Current, Saskatchewan. The total purse for the event was $50,000 on the men's and women's sides.
The event was sponsored by Curling Stadium, a streaming service provided by CurlingZone. All of the games were streamed on CurlingZone and the Swift Current Curling Club's YouTube page.
In the men's final, Yannick Schwaller and his team from Geneva defeated Michael Brunner of Bern 8–6 in an all-Swiss championship game. Trailing by one at the half, Schwaller counted a four spot in the fifth end that allowed his team of Benoît Schwarz, Sven Michel and Pablo Lachat to control the rest of the match. Both Swiss contingents qualified through the C side of the draw before sweeping the playoff round. Schwaller defeated A qualifier Sam Mooibroek 9–6 in the quarterfinals and then beat the United States' Korey Dropkin 5–4 in the semifinals. For Brunner, they took down the number one qualifier Catlin Schneider 5–3 in the quarters before eliminating Mike McEwen 5–4 in the semis as well. Niklas Edin and Steve Laycock rounded out the men's playoff draw.
In the women's final, South Korea's Kim Eun-jung took two in the seventh end and stole a single in the eighth to clip Winnipeg's Jolene Campbell 6–4 in a battle of previously undefeated teams. Kim's Gangneung based squad of Kim Kyeong-ae, Kim Cho-hi, Kim Seon-yeong and Kim Yeong-mi qualified for the playoffs as the number one seeds. They then beat Korean rivals Gim Eun-ji 7–3 in the quarterfinals before knocking off Isabella Wranå 11–6 in the semifinals. Team Campbell finished third through the preliminary round with playoff victories over Kayla Skrlik 7–2 and Satsuki Fujisawa 8–2. Silvana Tirinzoni, Corrie Hürlimann, Xenia Schwaller and Amber Holland all advanced to the playoffs before losing in the quarterfinals and qualification round respectively.
Many international teams competed in the event as it was held the weekend before the 2023 Masters Grand Slam event in Saskatoon.
The teams are listed as follows:
Source:
All draw times are listed in Central Time (UTC−06:00).
Thursday, December 7, 8:00 am
Thursday, December 7, 11:15 am
Thursday, December 7, 2:30 pm
Thursday, December 7, 5:45 pm
Thursday, December 7, 9:00 pm
Friday, December 8, 8:00 am
Friday, December 8, 2:30 pm
Friday, December 8, 9:00 pm
Saturday, December 9, 11:15 am
Saturday, December 9, 5:45 pm
Saturday, December 9, 9:00 pm
Sunday, December 10, 12:30 pm
Sunday, December 10, 4:00 pm
The teams are listed as follows:
Final Round Robin Standings
All draw times are listed in Central Time (UTC−06:00).
Wednesday, December 6, 7:30 pm
Thursday, December 7, 8:00 am
Thursday, December 7, 11:15 am
Thursday, December 7, 5:45 pm
Thursday, December 7, 9:00 pm
Friday, December 8, 8:00 am
Friday, December 8, 11:15 am
Friday, December 8, 2:30 pm
Friday, December 8, 5:45 pm
Saturday, December 9, 8:00 am
Saturday, December 9, 2:30 pm
Saturday, December 9, 5:45 pm
Saturday, December 9, 9:00 pm
Sunday, December 10, 9:00 am
Sunday, December 10, 12:30 pm
Sunday, December 10, 4:00 pm | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Nutrien Ag Solutions Western Showdown was held from December 6 to 10 at the Swift Current Curling Club in Swift Current, Saskatchewan. The total purse for the event was $50,000 on the men's and women's sides.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The event was sponsored by Curling Stadium, a streaming service provided by CurlingZone. All of the games were streamed on CurlingZone and the Swift Current Curling Club's YouTube page.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In the men's final, Yannick Schwaller and his team from Geneva defeated Michael Brunner of Bern 8–6 in an all-Swiss championship game. Trailing by one at the half, Schwaller counted a four spot in the fifth end that allowed his team of Benoît Schwarz, Sven Michel and Pablo Lachat to control the rest of the match. Both Swiss contingents qualified through the C side of the draw before sweeping the playoff round. Schwaller defeated A qualifier Sam Mooibroek 9–6 in the quarterfinals and then beat the United States' Korey Dropkin 5–4 in the semifinals. For Brunner, they took down the number one qualifier Catlin Schneider 5–3 in the quarters before eliminating Mike McEwen 5–4 in the semis as well. Niklas Edin and Steve Laycock rounded out the men's playoff draw.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the women's final, South Korea's Kim Eun-jung took two in the seventh end and stole a single in the eighth to clip Winnipeg's Jolene Campbell 6–4 in a battle of previously undefeated teams. Kim's Gangneung based squad of Kim Kyeong-ae, Kim Cho-hi, Kim Seon-yeong and Kim Yeong-mi qualified for the playoffs as the number one seeds. They then beat Korean rivals Gim Eun-ji 7–3 in the quarterfinals before knocking off Isabella Wranå 11–6 in the semifinals. Team Campbell finished third through the preliminary round with playoff victories over Kayla Skrlik 7–2 and Satsuki Fujisawa 8–2. Silvana Tirinzoni, Corrie Hürlimann, Xenia Schwaller and Amber Holland all advanced to the playoffs before losing in the quarterfinals and qualification round respectively.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Many international teams competed in the event as it was held the weekend before the 2023 Masters Grand Slam event in Saskatoon.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The teams are listed as follows:",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "All draw times are listed in Central Time (UTC−06:00).",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 8:00 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 11:15 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 2:30 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 5:45 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 9:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 8:00 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 2:30 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 9:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 11:15 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 5:45 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 9:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "Sunday, December 10, 12:30 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "Sunday, December 10, 4:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "The teams are listed as follows:",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "Final Round Robin Standings",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "All draw times are listed in Central Time (UTC−06:00).",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "Wednesday, December 6, 7:30 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 8:00 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 11:15 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 5:45 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "Thursday, December 7, 9:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 8:00 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 11:15 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 2:30 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "Friday, December 8, 5:45 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 33,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 8:00 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 34,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 2:30 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 35,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 5:45 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 36,
"text": "Saturday, December 9, 9:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 37,
"text": "Sunday, December 10, 9:00 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 38,
"text": "Sunday, December 10, 12:30 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 39,
"text": "Sunday, December 10, 4:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
}
] | The 2023 Nutrien Ag Solutions Western Showdown was held from December 6 to 10 at the Swift Current Curling Club in Swift Current, Saskatchewan. The total purse for the event was $50,000 on the men's and women's sides. The event was sponsored by Curling Stadium, a streaming service provided by CurlingZone. All of the games were streamed on CurlingZone and the Swift Current Curling Club's YouTube page. In the men's final, Yannick Schwaller and his team from Geneva defeated Michael Brunner of Bern 8–6 in an all-Swiss championship game. Trailing by one at the half, Schwaller counted a four spot in the fifth end that allowed his team of Benoît Schwarz, Sven Michel and Pablo Lachat to control the rest of the match. Both Swiss contingents qualified through the C side of the draw before sweeping the playoff round. Schwaller defeated A qualifier Sam Mooibroek 9–6 in the quarterfinals and then beat the United States' Korey Dropkin 5–4 in the semifinals. For Brunner, they took down the number one qualifier Catlin Schneider 5–3 in the quarters before eliminating Mike McEwen 5–4 in the semis as well. Niklas Edin and Steve Laycock rounded out the men's playoff draw. In the women's final, South Korea's Kim Eun-jung took two in the seventh end and stole a single in the eighth to clip Winnipeg's Jolene Campbell 6–4 in a battle of previously undefeated teams. Kim's Gangneung based squad of Kim Kyeong-ae, Kim Cho-hi, Kim Seon-yeong and Kim Yeong-mi qualified for the playoffs as the number one seeds. They then beat Korean rivals Gim Eun-ji 7–3 in the quarterfinals before knocking off Isabella Wranå 11–6 in the semifinals. Team Campbell finished third through the preliminary round with playoff victories over Kayla Skrlik 7–2 and Satsuki Fujisawa 8–2. Silvana Tirinzoni, Corrie Hürlimann, Xenia Schwaller and Amber Holland all advanced to the playoffs before losing in the quarterfinals and qualification round respectively. Many international teams competed in the event as it was held the weekend before the 2023 Masters Grand Slam event in Saskatoon. | 2023-12-06T07:56:40Z | 2023-12-24T05:11:51Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Western_Showdown |
75,498,034 | 2024 in the Federated States of Micronesia | Events in the year 2024 in the Federated States of Micronesia.
Source: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Events in the year 2024 in the Federated States of Micronesia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "Holidays"
}
] | Events in the year 2024 in the Federated States of Micronesia. | 2023-12-06T08:18:02Z | 2023-12-19T10:07:29Z | [
"Template:Short description",
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"Template:Small",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia |
75,498,049 | Jeffrey E. Forrest | Jeffrey Edward Forrest (c. 1837 – February 22, 1864), commonly called Jeff Forrest, was a Confederate States Army military officer who was killed in action. He was the youngest of the six Forrest brothers who engaged in the interregional slave trade in the United States prior to the American Civil War.
Jeffrey Edward Forrest was a posthumous baby, born four months after the death of his father William Forrest, a blacksmith. Nathan Bedford Forrest, 16 years older, served as a surrogate father to Jeff. Jeffrey was said to be Bedford's favorite brother.
Forrest's brothers were "ideal junior partners" who contributed to a "building a formidable slave-trading operation." According to historian Frederic Bancroft, "By 1860, Forrest had demonstrated what success an...energetic man could achieve in a few years by buying and selling slaves instead of beasts and real estate. Since the decline of Bolton, Dickens & Co. he had become one of the best known and richest slave-traders in all the South. Except possibly the youngest, his five brothers—in sequence John, William, Aaron, Jesse, and Jeffrey—engaged in the same business with him." However, N. B. Forrest's most recent major biographer, Jack Hurst, found that J. E. Forrest's name does indeed appear in Mississippi slave-sale documentation: "...younger brothers such as Jesse and Jeffrey Forrest seem to have been engaged in these Mississippi operations, too, either selling slaves on their own or acting as agents for sellers in Memphis." Additionally, the 1860 U.S. census, copies of which were not released until the year after Bancroft's book was published, shows that J. E. Forrest was a resident of Vicksburg in 1860, and his occupation was listed as "negro trader," with personal property (including slaves) worth $15,000.
In June 1861, Nathan Bedford Forrest (age 40), his son William Montgomery Forrest (age 15), and his little brother Jeffrey E. Forrest (age 23–24), all enlisted as privates in the Confederate States Army.
A few months later, according to an 1899 account by an ex-Confederate named Dr. R. G. Lane of Texas, after the battle at Sacramento, Kentucky, on December 27, 1861, Jeff Forrest "started to shoot" an injured U.S. Army lieutenant that Lane had taken prisoner. Lane intervened to protect the lieutenant, "a game little fellow," stating, "I threw my gun down on [Forrest] and told him if he shot the prisoner I would kill him. He then rode off. It was said that he shot several men after they surrendered."
Jeff Forrest quickly rose though the ranks, earning promotions and becoming a captain in the 3rd Tennessee Cavalry, then a major in the 13th Tennessee Cavalry, and finally serving as a colonel in the 11th Alabama Cavalry.
In November 1863 it was reported that Col. Jeffrey Forrest had been taken prisoner but released, and had been shot through both hips and was recovering at an officer's house near Tuscumbia, Alabama.
Forrest was killed in combat on February 22, 1864, at the Battle of Okolona, one of a series of fights in eastern Mississippi in the aftermath of W. T. Sherman's Meridian campaign, during which Nathan Bedford Forrest's outnumbered Confederate cavalry pushed Gen. William Sooy Smith's U.S. troops back out of Mississippi to Tennessee. The Civil War and Reconstruction Governors of Mississippi digital humanities project has a letter and a telegram sent by Col. J. E. Forrest about developing military conditions in the area just prior to the battle, requesting additional ammunition, reporting that their horses were tired out, and acknowledging the large numbers of approaching U.S. troops. The younger Forrest, commanding one of four brigades in a division headed by his brother, was leading a charge when he was "instantly killed by a Minié ball which passed through his neck, cutting the carotid artery and dividing the spinal cord."
According to an account published by the U.S. Army Center for Military History, Col. Forrest's death was a notable element of the engagements in Mississippi in February 1864:
About dusk, Union officers managed to rally their men along a ridge on the Ivey farm. The blue-clad troopers fought on foot behind a hastily improvised rail barricade. As the Confederates charged their position, the Federals poured volley after volley into the gray ranks, inflicting numerous casualties and mortally wounding the general's youngest brother, Col. Jeffrey E. Forrest. The elder Forrest rushed to his brother's side, and the young man died in his arms just moments later. Determined to avenge his brother's death, the enraged Forrest ordered a charge and led the way. Inspired by their leader's fearlessness, the Confederates crashed into the Union defensive line, and for a few tense moments, the fighting was hand to hand. Three Federal cavalry regiments then launched a mounted countercharge that halted the Southerners' progress. The Confederates began to give way as they ran out of ammunition, so Forrest ordered his command to break off the attack and rest for the night. The exhausted Federals resumed their retreat.
N. B. Forrest's report of the battle, as printed in the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, stated "I regret the loss of some gallant officers. The loss of my brother, Colonel J. E. Forrest, is deeply felt by his brigade as well as myself and it is but just to say that for sobriety, ability, prudence, and bravery he had no superior of his age. Lieutenant-Colonel Barksdale was also a brave and gallant man, and his loss fell heavily on the regiment he commanded, as it was left now without a field officer." Another letter in the O.R. that mentions Forrest's death states "But great as was this victory, it is not without its allow. The laurel is closely entwined with the cypress, and the luster of a brilliant triumph is darkened by the blood with which it was purchased. It was here that Colonel Barksdale gave up his life a willing sacrifice upon the altar of his country. He fell in front of the battle, gallantly discharging his duty. He sleeps, but his name is imperishable. Here, too, fell the noble brother of the general commanding, Colonel Jeffrey E. Forrest. He was a brave and chivalrous spirit, ever foremost in the fight. He fell in the flower of his youth and usefulness, but his dying gaze was proudly turned upon the victorious field, which his own valor had aided in winning. Peace to the ashes of these gallant young heroes."
Jeffrey E. Forrest was buried in Odd Fellows Rest Cemetery in Aberdeen, Mississippi. He was reinterred at Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee in 1868. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jeffrey Edward Forrest (c. 1837 – February 22, 1864), commonly called Jeff Forrest, was a Confederate States Army military officer who was killed in action. He was the youngest of the six Forrest brothers who engaged in the interregional slave trade in the United States prior to the American Civil War.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Jeffrey Edward Forrest was a posthumous baby, born four months after the death of his father William Forrest, a blacksmith. Nathan Bedford Forrest, 16 years older, served as a surrogate father to Jeff. Jeffrey was said to be Bedford's favorite brother.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Forrest's brothers were \"ideal junior partners\" who contributed to a \"building a formidable slave-trading operation.\" According to historian Frederic Bancroft, \"By 1860, Forrest had demonstrated what success an...energetic man could achieve in a few years by buying and selling slaves instead of beasts and real estate. Since the decline of Bolton, Dickens & Co. he had become one of the best known and richest slave-traders in all the South. Except possibly the youngest, his five brothers—in sequence John, William, Aaron, Jesse, and Jeffrey—engaged in the same business with him.\" However, N. B. Forrest's most recent major biographer, Jack Hurst, found that J. E. Forrest's name does indeed appear in Mississippi slave-sale documentation: \"...younger brothers such as Jesse and Jeffrey Forrest seem to have been engaged in these Mississippi operations, too, either selling slaves on their own or acting as agents for sellers in Memphis.\" Additionally, the 1860 U.S. census, copies of which were not released until the year after Bancroft's book was published, shows that J. E. Forrest was a resident of Vicksburg in 1860, and his occupation was listed as \"negro trader,\" with personal property (including slaves) worth $15,000.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In June 1861, Nathan Bedford Forrest (age 40), his son William Montgomery Forrest (age 15), and his little brother Jeffrey E. Forrest (age 23–24), all enlisted as privates in the Confederate States Army.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "A few months later, according to an 1899 account by an ex-Confederate named Dr. R. G. Lane of Texas, after the battle at Sacramento, Kentucky, on December 27, 1861, Jeff Forrest \"started to shoot\" an injured U.S. Army lieutenant that Lane had taken prisoner. Lane intervened to protect the lieutenant, \"a game little fellow,\" stating, \"I threw my gun down on [Forrest] and told him if he shot the prisoner I would kill him. He then rode off. It was said that he shot several men after they surrendered.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Jeff Forrest quickly rose though the ranks, earning promotions and becoming a captain in the 3rd Tennessee Cavalry, then a major in the 13th Tennessee Cavalry, and finally serving as a colonel in the 11th Alabama Cavalry.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In November 1863 it was reported that Col. Jeffrey Forrest had been taken prisoner but released, and had been shot through both hips and was recovering at an officer's house near Tuscumbia, Alabama.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Forrest was killed in combat on February 22, 1864, at the Battle of Okolona, one of a series of fights in eastern Mississippi in the aftermath of W. T. Sherman's Meridian campaign, during which Nathan Bedford Forrest's outnumbered Confederate cavalry pushed Gen. William Sooy Smith's U.S. troops back out of Mississippi to Tennessee. The Civil War and Reconstruction Governors of Mississippi digital humanities project has a letter and a telegram sent by Col. J. E. Forrest about developing military conditions in the area just prior to the battle, requesting additional ammunition, reporting that their horses were tired out, and acknowledging the large numbers of approaching U.S. troops. The younger Forrest, commanding one of four brigades in a division headed by his brother, was leading a charge when he was \"instantly killed by a Minié ball which passed through his neck, cutting the carotid artery and dividing the spinal cord.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "According to an account published by the U.S. Army Center for Military History, Col. Forrest's death was a notable element of the engagements in Mississippi in February 1864:",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "About dusk, Union officers managed to rally their men along a ridge on the Ivey farm. The blue-clad troopers fought on foot behind a hastily improvised rail barricade. As the Confederates charged their position, the Federals poured volley after volley into the gray ranks, inflicting numerous casualties and mortally wounding the general's youngest brother, Col. Jeffrey E. Forrest. The elder Forrest rushed to his brother's side, and the young man died in his arms just moments later. Determined to avenge his brother's death, the enraged Forrest ordered a charge and led the way. Inspired by their leader's fearlessness, the Confederates crashed into the Union defensive line, and for a few tense moments, the fighting was hand to hand. Three Federal cavalry regiments then launched a mounted countercharge that halted the Southerners' progress. The Confederates began to give way as they ran out of ammunition, so Forrest ordered his command to break off the attack and rest for the night. The exhausted Federals resumed their retreat.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "N. B. Forrest's report of the battle, as printed in the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, stated \"I regret the loss of some gallant officers. The loss of my brother, Colonel J. E. Forrest, is deeply felt by his brigade as well as myself and it is but just to say that for sobriety, ability, prudence, and bravery he had no superior of his age. Lieutenant-Colonel Barksdale was also a brave and gallant man, and his loss fell heavily on the regiment he commanded, as it was left now without a field officer.\" Another letter in the O.R. that mentions Forrest's death states \"But great as was this victory, it is not without its allow. The laurel is closely entwined with the cypress, and the luster of a brilliant triumph is darkened by the blood with which it was purchased. It was here that Colonel Barksdale gave up his life a willing sacrifice upon the altar of his country. He fell in front of the battle, gallantly discharging his duty. He sleeps, but his name is imperishable. Here, too, fell the noble brother of the general commanding, Colonel Jeffrey E. Forrest. He was a brave and chivalrous spirit, ever foremost in the fight. He fell in the flower of his youth and usefulness, but his dying gaze was proudly turned upon the victorious field, which his own valor had aided in winning. Peace to the ashes of these gallant young heroes.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Jeffrey E. Forrest was buried in Odd Fellows Rest Cemetery in Aberdeen, Mississippi. He was reinterred at Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee in 1868.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Jeffrey Edward Forrest, commonly called Jeff Forrest, was a Confederate States Army military officer who was killed in action. He was the youngest of the six Forrest brothers who engaged in the interregional slave trade in the United States prior to the American Civil War. | 2023-12-06T08:19:22Z | 2023-12-25T17:02:46Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_E._Forrest |
75,498,050 | Rowley baronets of Tendring Hall (1786) | The Rowley baronetcy, of Tendring Hall (Stoke-by-Nayland) in the County of Suffolk, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 27 June 1786 for the naval commander Rear-Admiral Joshua Rowley. He was the son of Admiral of the Fleet Sir William Rowley.
The 2nd Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Suffolk. The 3rd Baronet was a Vice-Admiral of the Blue. The 6th Baronet was a colonel in the Army.
The 7th Baronet served as Lord-Lieutenant of Suffolk between 1978 and 1994. He died in 1997. In 2002 his kinsman Sir Charles Robert Rowley, 7th Baronet, of Hill House established his claim to the title.
For further succession, see Rowley baronets of Hill House (1836). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Rowley baronetcy, of Tendring Hall (Stoke-by-Nayland) in the County of Suffolk, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 27 June 1786 for the naval commander Rear-Admiral Joshua Rowley. He was the son of Admiral of the Fleet Sir William Rowley.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The 2nd Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Suffolk. The 3rd Baronet was a Vice-Admiral of the Blue. The 6th Baronet was a colonel in the Army.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 7th Baronet served as Lord-Lieutenant of Suffolk between 1978 and 1994. He died in 1997. In 2002 his kinsman Sir Charles Robert Rowley, 7th Baronet, of Hill House established his claim to the title.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "For further succession, see Rowley baronets of Hill House (1836).",
"title": "Rowley baronets, of Tendring Hall (1786)"
}
] | The Rowley baronetcy, of Tendring Hall (Stoke-by-Nayland) in the County of Suffolk, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 27 June 1786 for the naval commander Rear-Admiral Joshua Rowley. He was the son of Admiral of the Fleet Sir William Rowley. The 2nd Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Suffolk. The 3rd Baronet was a Vice-Admiral of the Blue. The 6th Baronet was a colonel in the Army. The 7th Baronet served as Lord-Lieutenant of Suffolk between 1978 and 1994. He died in 1997. In 2002 his kinsman Sir Charles Robert Rowley, 7th Baronet, of Hill House established his claim to the title. | 2023-12-06T08:19:23Z | 2023-12-06T08:19:23Z | [
"Template:Who's Who",
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"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite book",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowley_baronets_of_Tendring_Hall_(1786) |
75,498,062 | Beerla Ilaiah | Beerla Ilaiah (born 6 June 1975) is a politician from the state of Telangana. He is a leader of Indian national congress. He is currently serving as an MLA for Alair constituency of Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district.
In 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly Election he contested as Indian National Congress party candidate and won the Alair seat by defeating Gongidi Sunitha of BRS with huge margin of 49,636 votes. He has polled 1,22,140 votes.
Ilaiah born in Saidapur Village in the Yadadri Bhuvanagiri District, Telangana. His parents are Beerla Somajaru and Beerla Buchamma. He completed his schooling at Zilla Parishad High School in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri in 1991. He did B.A graduation from Sri Laxmi Narasimha Degree College in Bhongir in 2000. He married Beerla Anitha and has a son and two daughters.
As a student, Ilaiah joined National Students’ Union of India (NSUI), the student wing of the Congress party in SLNS Degree College. In 2006, he became the village Sarpanch of Saidapur. In 2008, he became the Mandal President of Yadadri-Bhuvanagiri. Later, he became the incharge of Alair Assembly constituency for Congress.
He made his debut as MLA in 2023 winning from Alair. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Beerla Ilaiah (born 6 June 1975) is a politician from the state of Telangana. He is a leader of Indian national congress. He is currently serving as an MLA for Alair constituency of Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly Election he contested as Indian National Congress party candidate and won the Alair seat by defeating Gongidi Sunitha of BRS with huge margin of 49,636 votes. He has polled 1,22,140 votes.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Ilaiah born in Saidapur Village in the Yadadri Bhuvanagiri District, Telangana. His parents are Beerla Somajaru and Beerla Buchamma. He completed his schooling at Zilla Parishad High School in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri in 1991. He did B.A graduation from Sri Laxmi Narasimha Degree College in Bhongir in 2000. He married Beerla Anitha and has a son and two daughters.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As a student, Ilaiah joined National Students’ Union of India (NSUI), the student wing of the Congress party in SLNS Degree College. In 2006, he became the village Sarpanch of Saidapur. In 2008, he became the Mandal President of Yadadri-Bhuvanagiri. Later, he became the incharge of Alair Assembly constituency for Congress.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He made his debut as MLA in 2023 winning from Alair.",
"title": "Political career"
}
] | Beerla Ilaiah is a politician from the state of Telangana. He is a leader of Indian national congress. He is currently serving as an MLA for Alair constituency of Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district. In 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly Election he contested as Indian National Congress party candidate and won the Alair seat by defeating Gongidi Sunitha of BRS with huge margin of 49,636 votes. He has polled 1,22,140 votes. | 2023-12-06T08:20:27Z | 2023-12-31T05:10:31Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerla_Ilaiah |
75,498,092 | Aimé Kalimunda | Aimé Muyoboke Kalimunda is a Rwandan judge currently serving as a justice of the Supreme Court of Rwanda. She was appointed to the supreme court on 28 April 2021 by President Paul Kagame.
She earned a PhD in human rights from the Irish Centre for Human Rights in 2014. Her thesis was titled “The Death Penalty in Africa, The Path Towards Abolition” and was published by Ashgate in 2020. Prior to her elevation to the supreme, she served as the president of Court of Appeal of Rwanda and previously served as an advisor to the deputy Chief Justice of Rwanda and lectured at the University of Rwanda. François Rukundakuvuga succeeded her at the Court of Appeal. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Aimé Muyoboke Kalimunda is a Rwandan judge currently serving as a justice of the Supreme Court of Rwanda. She was appointed to the supreme court on 28 April 2021 by President Paul Kagame.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She earned a PhD in human rights from the Irish Centre for Human Rights in 2014. Her thesis was titled “The Death Penalty in Africa, The Path Towards Abolition” and was published by Ashgate in 2020. Prior to her elevation to the supreme, she served as the president of Court of Appeal of Rwanda and previously served as an advisor to the deputy Chief Justice of Rwanda and lectured at the University of Rwanda. François Rukundakuvuga succeeded her at the Court of Appeal.",
"title": ""
}
] | Aimé Muyoboke Kalimunda is a Rwandan judge currently serving as a justice of the Supreme Court of Rwanda. She was appointed to the supreme court on 28 April 2021 by President Paul Kagame. She earned a PhD in human rights from the Irish Centre for Human Rights in 2014. Her thesis was titled “The Death Penalty in Africa, The Path Towards Abolition” and was published by Ashgate in 2020. Prior to her elevation to the supreme, she served as the president of Court of Appeal of Rwanda and previously served as an advisor to the deputy Chief Justice of Rwanda and lectured at the University of Rwanda. François Rukundakuvuga succeeded her at the Court of Appeal. | 2023-12-06T08:22:38Z | 2023-12-31T00:43:41Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Kalimunda |
75,498,112 | Khakassia National Museum | The Khakassia National Museum is a museum located in Abakan, in the Minusinsk Hollow, Russia.
The museum is especially known for its collection of monumental statues from the Okunev culture. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Khakassia National Museum is a museum located in Abakan, in the Minusinsk Hollow, Russia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The museum is especially known for its collection of monumental statues from the Okunev culture.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Khakassia National Museum is a museum located in Abakan, in the Minusinsk Hollow, Russia. The museum is especially known for its collection of monumental statues from the Okunev culture. | 2023-12-06T08:26:15Z | 2023-12-06T14:16:03Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khakassia_National_Museum |
75,498,147 | Sohagpur (Shahdol) | Sohagpur is a Town and Tehsil in Shahdol District of Madhya Pradesh. It is one of 4 Tehsils of Shahdol district. There are 318 villages in Sohagpur Tehsil. Rewa State Gazetteer refers to a tradition which connects Sohagpur with King Virata of the epic Mahabharata.
According to census 2011, information the sub-district code of Sohagpur Block (CD) is 03691. Total area of Sohagpur tehsil is 1,976 km² including 1,892.23 km² rural area and 83.85 km² urban area. Sohagpur tehsil has a population of 4,86,930 peoples, out of which urban population is 1,76,169 while rural population is 3,10,761. Sohagpur tehsil has a population density of 246.4 inhabitants per square kilometre. There are about 1,11,421 houses in the sub-district, including 36,678 urban houses and 74,743 rural houses.
When it comes to literacy, 60.80% population of sohagpur tehsil is literate, out of which 67.83% males and 53.53% females are literate. There are about 318 villages in sohagpur tehsil.
Sohagpur is located at 23°19′02″N 81°21′06″E / 23.3173°N 81.3518°E / 23.3173; 81.3518. It has an average elevation of 508 metres (1669 feet). Son is the local river.
Banganga Mela was started by the then Rewa Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1895. Since then, the traditions of the fair are continuing in Banganga. The purpose of the fair is to make an indelible impression in the courtyard of the Virat Temple, built in a thousand years before, it signifies donation and virtue.The reconciliation and enthusiasm of people in the fair remained a witness to the nature of the tribals who love the old customs. When the fair was inaugurated, it was kept for three days. Which is now filling up for 5 days.
Virateshwar temple is a Shiv mandir that has an old statue of Lord Shiva.
Nearest Airport is Jabalpur is 143 KM away.
Shahdol Railway Station is well connected with major cities of the country.
Shahdol is well connected by road with major cities of the State as well as other nearby state. Regular Bus Services From Shahdol to Indore via Katni, Sagar, Bhopal is available. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sohagpur is a Town and Tehsil in Shahdol District of Madhya Pradesh. It is one of 4 Tehsils of Shahdol district. There are 318 villages in Sohagpur Tehsil. Rewa State Gazetteer refers to a tradition which connects Sohagpur with King Virata of the epic Mahabharata.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "According to census 2011, information the sub-district code of Sohagpur Block (CD) is 03691. Total area of Sohagpur tehsil is 1,976 km² including 1,892.23 km² rural area and 83.85 km² urban area. Sohagpur tehsil has a population of 4,86,930 peoples, out of which urban population is 1,76,169 while rural population is 3,10,761. Sohagpur tehsil has a population density of 246.4 inhabitants per square kilometre. There are about 1,11,421 houses in the sub-district, including 36,678 urban houses and 74,743 rural houses.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "When it comes to literacy, 60.80% population of sohagpur tehsil is literate, out of which 67.83% males and 53.53% females are literate. There are about 318 villages in sohagpur tehsil.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Sohagpur is located at 23°19′02″N 81°21′06″E / 23.3173°N 81.3518°E / 23.3173; 81.3518. It has an average elevation of 508 metres (1669 feet). Son is the local river.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Banganga Mela was started by the then Rewa Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1895. Since then, the traditions of the fair are continuing in Banganga. The purpose of the fair is to make an indelible impression in the courtyard of the Virat Temple, built in a thousand years before, it signifies donation and virtue.The reconciliation and enthusiasm of people in the fair remained a witness to the nature of the tribals who love the old customs. When the fair was inaugurated, it was kept for three days. Which is now filling up for 5 days.",
"title": "Tourism"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Virateshwar temple is a Shiv mandir that has an old statue of Lord Shiva.",
"title": "Tourism"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Nearest Airport is Jabalpur is 143 KM away.",
"title": "Transport"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Shahdol Railway Station is well connected with major cities of the country.",
"title": "Transport"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Shahdol is well connected by road with major cities of the State as well as other nearby state. Regular Bus Services From Shahdol to Indore via Katni, Sagar, Bhopal is available.",
"title": "Transport"
}
] | Sohagpur is a Town and Tehsil in Shahdol District of Madhya Pradesh. It is one of 4 Tehsils of Shahdol district. There are 318 villages in Sohagpur Tehsil. Rewa State Gazetteer refers to a tradition which connects Sohagpur with King Virata of
the epic Mahabharata. | 2023-12-06T08:29:24Z | 2023-12-10T10:53:23Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
"Template:For",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sohagpur_(Shahdol) |
75,498,149 | Buckhorn Creek (California) | Buckhorn Creek is a 2.1 mile long creek in Contra Costa County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Buckhorn Creek begins on the western slopes of Rocky Ridge in Western Contra Costa County at an elevation of 2,020 feet above sea level. It runs generally west off of Rocky Ridge before abruptly turning to the south where it runs for approximately 1.5 miles to its confluence with Kaiser Creek at the Upper San Leandro Reservoir.
Buckhorn Creek is a tributary to San Leandro Creek, one of the largest streams draining into the San Francisco Bay. It drains a small portion of the Berkeley Hills which are a subrange of the California Coast Ranges. The Buckhorn Creek watershed is characterized by the steep, rounded hills typical of much of the East Bay region. The climate of the area is classified as Cool-summer mediterranean, defined by wet winters and dry summers puncuated by frequent marine fogs.
Though there is little development in the Buckhorn Creek watershed besides fire roads, trails and ranching hardware, nearby communities include Moraga, California and the campus of Saint Mary's College of California. Buckhorn Creek is isolated by rugged terrain and a lack of development in much of the surrounding area.
The Buckhorn Creek watershed is entirely contained within the EBMUD San Leandro watershed, a nearly 50 square mile area of protected land surrounding the Upper San Leandro Reservoir, Lake Chabot and the area around Rocky Ridge. Access to the Buckhorn Creek watershed is restricted by a permit system. Buckhorn Creek is managed to ensure clean and unpolluted inflow to the Upper San Leandro Reservoir, which is a major source of drinking water for the area's dense population. The creek can be reached via hiking trail at access points at Rancho Laguna Park and Saint Mary's College
Despite originating in Contra Costa County, home to 1.61 million people, 1,626 per square mile, Buckhorn Creek is almost entirely undeveloped and protected from its source to its outlet. This makes it unique among the streams of the Bay Area, one of California's most densely populated regions with over 7 million people.
A large proportion of the streams draining into the San Francisco Estuary have undergone significant habitat degradation as a result of the intensive residential and industrial development undertaken in the region in the last century. Buckhorn Creek, however, is unaffected by residential or industrial development and exhibits much more intact habitat than many other streams in the region. Mixed forests of mature Valley oak, Coast Live oak, Black oak, California buckeye and California Bay dominate much of the watershed's lower elevation areas while annual grasslands and chaparral cover the rugged hilltops and exposed slopes.
Buckhorn Creek's flow is heavily dependant on rainfall and can become greatly diminished during the dry period from June to November. During droughts there may only be water in pools in some sections of the stream.
Riparian vegetation along the creek includes arroyo willow, white alder and Fremont cottonwood.
Buckhorn Creek is a crucial source of water for the vibrant wildlife communities inhabiting the area. The creek supports numerous species of birds, both migratory and resident. Great horned owl and Screech owl are commonly seen in the evenings near the creek. Black-tailed deer, coyotes, bobcats, gray foxes and cottontail rabbit among many other species live in the Buckhorn Creek watershed.
Buckhorn Creek supports a population of native Coastal rainbow trout in years where there is enough flow to support the fish over the dry summer season. The Central California Coast Steelhead DPS is federally listed as threatened as a result of habitat loss and degradation, as well as the widespread installation of migration barriers. Rainbow trout migrate from Upper San Leandro Reservoir to Buckhorn Creek to spawn during periods of high water. They have been observed in the lower and upper reaches of the creek on multiple occasions between the 1970s and early 2000s. However, due to its relative low flow and poor instream substrate for spawning, Buckhorn Creek has limited value to trout. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Buckhorn Creek is a 2.1 mile long creek in Contra Costa County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Buckhorn Creek begins on the western slopes of Rocky Ridge in Western Contra Costa County at an elevation of 2,020 feet above sea level. It runs generally west off of Rocky Ridge before abruptly turning to the south where it runs for approximately 1.5 miles to its confluence with Kaiser Creek at the Upper San Leandro Reservoir.",
"title": "Course"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Buckhorn Creek is a tributary to San Leandro Creek, one of the largest streams draining into the San Francisco Bay. It drains a small portion of the Berkeley Hills which are a subrange of the California Coast Ranges. The Buckhorn Creek watershed is characterized by the steep, rounded hills typical of much of the East Bay region. The climate of the area is classified as Cool-summer mediterranean, defined by wet winters and dry summers puncuated by frequent marine fogs.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Though there is little development in the Buckhorn Creek watershed besides fire roads, trails and ranching hardware, nearby communities include Moraga, California and the campus of Saint Mary's College of California. Buckhorn Creek is isolated by rugged terrain and a lack of development in much of the surrounding area.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The Buckhorn Creek watershed is entirely contained within the EBMUD San Leandro watershed, a nearly 50 square mile area of protected land surrounding the Upper San Leandro Reservoir, Lake Chabot and the area around Rocky Ridge. Access to the Buckhorn Creek watershed is restricted by a permit system. Buckhorn Creek is managed to ensure clean and unpolluted inflow to the Upper San Leandro Reservoir, which is a major source of drinking water for the area's dense population. The creek can be reached via hiking trail at access points at Rancho Laguna Park and Saint Mary's College",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Despite originating in Contra Costa County, home to 1.61 million people, 1,626 per square mile, Buckhorn Creek is almost entirely undeveloped and protected from its source to its outlet. This makes it unique among the streams of the Bay Area, one of California's most densely populated regions with over 7 million people.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "A large proportion of the streams draining into the San Francisco Estuary have undergone significant habitat degradation as a result of the intensive residential and industrial development undertaken in the region in the last century. Buckhorn Creek, however, is unaffected by residential or industrial development and exhibits much more intact habitat than many other streams in the region. Mixed forests of mature Valley oak, Coast Live oak, Black oak, California buckeye and California Bay dominate much of the watershed's lower elevation areas while annual grasslands and chaparral cover the rugged hilltops and exposed slopes.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Buckhorn Creek's flow is heavily dependant on rainfall and can become greatly diminished during the dry period from June to November. During droughts there may only be water in pools in some sections of the stream.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Riparian vegetation along the creek includes arroyo willow, white alder and Fremont cottonwood.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Buckhorn Creek is a crucial source of water for the vibrant wildlife communities inhabiting the area. The creek supports numerous species of birds, both migratory and resident. Great horned owl and Screech owl are commonly seen in the evenings near the creek. Black-tailed deer, coyotes, bobcats, gray foxes and cottontail rabbit among many other species live in the Buckhorn Creek watershed.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Buckhorn Creek supports a population of native Coastal rainbow trout in years where there is enough flow to support the fish over the dry summer season. The Central California Coast Steelhead DPS is federally listed as threatened as a result of habitat loss and degradation, as well as the widespread installation of migration barriers. Rainbow trout migrate from Upper San Leandro Reservoir to Buckhorn Creek to spawn during periods of high water. They have been observed in the lower and upper reaches of the creek on multiple occasions between the 1970s and early 2000s. However, due to its relative low flow and poor instream substrate for spawning, Buckhorn Creek has limited value to trout.",
"title": "See also"
}
] | Buckhorn Creek is a 2.1 mile long creek in Contra Costa County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. | 2023-12-06T08:29:28Z | 2023-12-24T18:01:26Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox river",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckhorn_Creek_(California) |
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