gowitheflow/parallel-talks-deduplicated · Datasets at Hugging Face

english stringlengths 2 3.06k	non_english stringlengths 1 2.84k	language stringclasses 52 values
And no matter what we controlled for, we found that black people were punished in proportion to the blackness of their physical features: the more black, the more death-worthy.	Fosse o que fosse que controlámos, descobrimos que as pessoas negras eram punidas na proporção da negritude das suas características físicas: quanto mais negras, mais merecedoras de morte.	en-pt
Bias can also influence how teachers discipline students.	偏見也會影響老師如何懲戒學生。	en-zh-tw
My colleagues and I have found that teachers express a desire to discipline a black middle school student more harshly than a white student for the same repeated infractions.	Moje kolege i ja smo otkrili da učitelji pokazuju želju disciplinirati tamnije učenike srednje škole rigoroznije nego bijele studente za iste prekršaje.	en-hr
In a recent study, we're finding that teachers treat black students as a group but white students as individuals.	Son zamanlardaki bir çalışmada öğretmenlerin siyahi öğrencilere bir grup gibi davranırken beyazlara birey olarak davrandıklarını görüyoruz.	en-tr
If, for example, one black student misbehaves and then a different black student misbehaves a few days later, the teacher responds to that second black student as if he had misbehaved twice.	Örneğin siyahi bir öğrenci yaramazlık yaparsa ve sonra farklı bir siyahi öğrenci birkaç gün sonra yaramazlık yaparsa öğretmen ikinci siyahi öğrenciye sanki ikinci kez yaramazlık yapmış gibi karşılık verir.	en-tr
It's as though the sins of one child get piled onto the other.	就彷彿一個孩子的罪過可以疊加在另一個孩子身上。	en-zh-tw
We create categories to make sense of the world, to assert some control and coherence to the stimuli that we're constantly being bombarded with.	Stvaramo kategorije kako bismo dali svijetu smisao, kako bismo imali kontrolu i sve povezali sa stimulansima kojima smo svakodnevno bombardirani.	en-hr
Categorization and the bias that it seeds allow our brains to make judgments more quickly and efficiently, and we do this by instinctively relying on patterns that seem predictable.	Sınıflandırma ve tohumladığı ön yargılar beynimizin daha hızlı ve etkili karar vermesine izin verir. bunu iç güdüsel olarak öngörülebilir görünen kalıplara dayanarak yapıyoruz.	en-tr
Yet, just as the categories we create allow us to make quick decisions, they also reinforce bias.	Tal como as categorias que criamos nos permitem tomar decisões rápidas, também reforçam os preconceitos.	en-pt
So the very things that help us to see the world also can blind us to it.	Então, as mesmas coisas que nos ajudam a ver o mundo também podem impedir-nos de o ver.	en-pt
They render our choices effortless, friction-free.	Tornam simples as nossas escolhas, sem conflitos.	en-pt
Yet they exact a heavy toll.	Ali uz veliku cijenu.	en-hr
We are all vulnerable to bias, but we don't act on bias all the time.	Todos somos vulneráveis a preconceitos, mas não agimos sempre com preconceitos.	en-pt
There are certain conditions that can bring bias alive and other conditions that can muffle it.	有些條件會讓偏見活躍起來，有些則會抑制偏見。	en-zh-tw
Many people are familiar with the tech company Nextdoor.	Muitas pessoas conhecem a empresa de tecnologia Nextdoor.	en-pt
So, their whole purpose is to create stronger, healthier, safer neighborhoods.	他們的目的是要創造出更堅強、更健康、更安全的鄰里。	en-zh-tw
And so they offer this online space where neighbors can gather and share information.	Prema tome, nude online prostor gdje susjedi mogu dobivati i dijeliti informacije.	en-hr
Yet, Nextdoor soon found that they had a problem with racial profiling.	但，Nextdoor 很快就發現他們有種族歸納方面的問題。	en-zh-tw
In the typical case, people would look outside their window and see a black man in their otherwise white neighborhood and make the snap judgment that he was up to no good, even when there was no evidence of criminal wrongdoing.	Normalde insanlar camlarından dışarıya bakarlar ve beyaz mahallelerinde siyahi bir adam görürler ve hemen o adamın iyi biri olmadığına karar verirler, cezai suç işlediğine dair bir kanıt olmasa bile.	en-tr
In many ways, how we behave online is a reflection of how we behave in the world.	De muitas formas, a forma como nos portamos "online" é um reflexo de como nos portamos no mundo.	en-pt
But what we don't want to do is create an easy-to-use system that can amplify bias and deepen racial disparities, rather than dismantling them.	Mas não queremos criar um sistema fácil de usar que possa amplificar o preconceito e aprofundar as disparidades raciais, em vez de desmontá-los.	en-pt
So the cofounder of Nextdoor reached out to me and to others to try to figure out what to do.	Então, o cofundador da Nextdoor procurou-me a mim e a outros para tentar descobrir o que fazer.	en-pt
And they realized that to curb racial profiling on the platform, they were going to have to add friction; that is, they were going to have to slow people down.	Platformda ırksal profillemenin önüne geçilmesi için bir ihtilaf eklemeleri gerekiyordu. Böylece insanları yavaşlatacaklardı.	en-tr
So Nextdoor had a choice to make, and against every impulse, they decided to add friction.	所以，Nextdoor 要做出選擇，他們決定不衝動行事，選擇加上阻力。	en-zh-tw
And they did this by adding a simple checklist.	他們的做法是增添一個簡單的清單。	en-zh-tw
There were three items on it.	Na njemu su bile tri stavke.	en-hr
First, they asked users to pause and think, "What was this person doing that made him suspicious?"	首先，他們請使用者暫停一下，想想：「這個人做了什麼讓他顯得可疑？」	en-zh-tw
The category "black man" is not grounds for suspicion.	Kategorija "tamnoputa osoba" nema uporišta za sumnju.	en-hr
Second, they asked users to describe the person's physical features, not simply their race and gender.	İkinci olarak, kullanıcılardan kişinin fiziksel özelliklerini sadece ırk ve cinsiyet olmadan tanımlamalarını istediler.	en-tr
Third, they realized that a lot of people didn't seem to know what racial profiling was, nor that they were engaging in it.	Treće, shvatili su da mnogo ljudi nije shvaćalo što znači rasno profiliranje, niti da su u njega bili svjesno uključeni.	en-hr
So Nextdoor provided them with a definition and told them that it was strictly prohibited.	I tako ih je Nextdoor upoznao s definicijom i rekao im da je to strogo zabranjeno.	en-hr
Most of you have seen those signs in airports and in metro stations, "If you see something, say something."	Birçoğunuz bu işaretleri havalimanlarında ve metro istasyonlarında görmüşsünüzdür. "Eğer bir şey görüyorsan söyle."	en-tr
Nextdoor tried modifying this.	Nextdoor 把這個標牌改成：	en-zh-tw
"If you see something suspicious, say something specific."	"Eğer şüpheli bir şey görürsen şüphesiz bir şey söyle."	en-tr
And using this strategy, by simply slowing people down, Nextdoor was able to curb racial profiling by 75 percent.	Koristeći ovu strategiju, jednostavno obuzdavajući ljude, Nextdoor je uspio umanjiti rasno profiliranje za 75 posto.	en-hr
Now, people often will say to me, "You can't add friction in every situation, in every context, and especially for people who make split-second decisions all the time."	Ljudi mi često kažu, "Ne možeš to uvijek obuzdati - u svakoj situaciji i u svakom kontekstu, a posebno za ljude koji stalno donose odluke u sekundi."	en-hr
But it turns out we can add friction to more situations than we think.	但結果發現，我們能添加阻力的情況比我們想像中的還要多。	en-zh-tw
Working with the Oakland Police Department in California, I and a number of my colleagues were able to help the department to reduce the number of stops they made of people who were not committing any serious crimes.	U radu s policijskom upravom Oaklanda u Kaliforniji, moji kolege i ja smo uspjeli pomoći upravi u reduciranju broja ljudi koje su zaustavljali a koji nisu počinili nikakav ozbiljni zločin.	en-hr
And we did this by pushing officers to ask themselves a question before each and every stop they made: "Is this stop intelligence-led, yes or no?"	我們的做法是要求警員在做每次攔檢時都要先問自己一個問題：「這次攔檢是有思考過才決定要做的，是或否？」	en-zh-tw
In other words, do I have prior information to tie this particular person to a specific crime?	Başka bir ifadeyle bu belirli kişiyi bir suçla bağlamak için öncelikli bir bilgim var mı?	en-tr
By adding that question to the form officers complete during a stop, they slow down, they pause, they think, "Why am I considering pulling this person over?"	Ao adicionar esta pergunta no formulário que os agentes preenchem durante uma detenção, eles caem em si, fazem uma pausa e pensam: "Porque é que estou a considerar deter esta pessoa? "	en-pt
In 2017, before we added that intelligence-led question to the form, officers made about 32,000 stops across the city.	2017'de istihbarat odaklı bu soruyu forma eklemeden önce memurlar şehir genelinde yaklaşık 32.000 çevirme yaptı.	en-tr
In that next year, with the addition of this question, that fell to 19,000 stops.	隔年，加上了那個問題之後，數字減少至 19,000 次攔檢。	en-zh-tw
African-American stops alone fell by 43 percent.	光是對非裔美國人所做的攔檢就減少了 43%。	en-zh-tw
And stopping fewer black people did not make the city any more dangerous.	Ve daha az sayıda siyahi insanı durdurmak şehri daha tehlikeli hâle getirmedi.	en-tr
In fact, the crime rate continued to fall, and the city became safer for everybody.	Aslında suç oranı da düşmeye devam etti ve şehir herkes için daha güvenli oldu.	en-tr
So one solution can come from reducing the number of unnecessary stops.	一個解決方案是減少不必要的攔檢數目。	en-zh-tw
Another can come from improving the quality of the stops officers do make.	Diğeri ise memurların yaptığı çevirmelerin kalitesini artırmak olabilir.	en-tr
And technology can help us here.	此時科技就能派上用場。	en-zh-tw
We all know about George Floyd's death, because those who tried to come to his aid held cell phone cameras to record that horrific, fatal encounter with the police.	我們都知道喬治．佛洛伊德的死亡，因為當時試圖協助他的人用手機攝影機拍下這段和警方可怕、致命的遭遇。	en-zh-tw
But we have all sorts of technology that we're not putting to good use.	Fakat iyi bir şekilde kullanmadığımız her türlü teknolojiye de sahibiz.	en-tr
Police departments across the country are now required to wear body-worn cameras so we have recordings of not only the most extreme and horrific encounters but of everyday interactions.	Os departamentos de polícia em todo o país são hoje obrigados a usar câmaras junto ao corpo por isso temos gravações não só dos encontros mais extremos e terríveis como de interações quotidianas.	en-pt
With an interdisciplinary team at Stanford, we've begun to use machine learning techniques to analyze large numbers of encounters.	我們和史丹佛大學的一個跨領域團隊合作，開始使用機器學習技術來分析大量相遇的情境。	en-zh-tw
This is to better understand what happens in routine traffic stops.	Bu, rutin trafik çevirmelerinde neler olduğunu daha iyi anlamak için.	en-tr
What we found was that even when police officers are behaving professionally, they speak to black drivers less respectfully than white drivers.	我們發現，即使警員的行為表現非常專業，比起白人司機，他們對黑人司機的說話方式仍然比較不尊重。	en-zh-tw
In fact, from the words officers use alone, we could predict whether they were talking to a black driver or a white driver.	事實上，單單從警員的用詞，我們就能預測出他們是在和黑人司機或白人司機說話。	en-zh-tw
The problem is that the vast majority of the footage from these cameras is not used by police departments to understand what's going on on the street or to train officers.	Problem, bu kameralardaki görüntülerin büyük çoğunluğunun polis departmanları tarafından dışarıda neler olduğunu anlamak için ya da eğitimlerde kullanılmaması.	en-tr
And that's a shame.	E isso é uma pena.	en-pt
How does a routine stop turn into a deadly encounter?	Kako rutinska kontrola dovodi do ubojitih susreta?	en-hr
How did this happen in George Floyd's case?	George Floyd'un olayında bu nasıl oldu?	en-tr
How did it happen in others?	Como é que isso aconteceu com outros?	en-pt
When my eldest son was 16 years old, he discovered that when white people look at him, they feel fear.	Büyük oğlum 16 yaşına geldiğinde, beyaz insanlar ona baktıklarında korku duyduklarını keşfetti.	en-tr
Elevators are the worst, he said.	Dizala su najgora, kaže.	en-hr
When those doors close, people are trapped in this tiny space with someone they have been taught to associate with danger.	當電梯門關上，大家被困在這個小小的空間裡，和他們認為危險的人困在一起。	en-zh-tw
My son senses their discomfort, and he smiles to put them at ease, to calm their fears.	Oğlum onların rahatsızlıklarını seziyor ve onları rahatlatmak için gülümsüyor, korkularını yatıştırmak için.	en-tr
When he speaks, their bodies relax.	當他說話時，他們的身體放鬆了。	en-zh-tw
They breathe easier.	Eles respiram mais facilmente.	en-pt
They take pleasure in his cadence, his diction, his word choice.	Ses tonundan, diksiyonundan, kelime seçimlerinden zevk alıyorlar.	en-tr
He sounds like one of them.	Zvuči kao jedan od njih.	en-hr
I used to think that my son was a natural extrovert like his father.	Mislila sam da je moj sin prirodni ekstrovert kao i njegov otac.	en-hr
But I realized at that moment, in that conversation, that his smile was not a sign that he wanted to connect with would-be strangers.	Ali sam tog trenutka shvatila, kroz taj razgovor, da njegov osmijeh nije znak da se želi povezati sa strancima.	en-hr
It was a talisman he used to protect himself, a survival skill he had honed over thousands of elevator rides.	Era um talismã que ele usava para se proteger, uma aptidão de sobrevivência que ele aperfeiçoou nas viagens de elevador.	en-pt
He was learning to accommodate the tension that his skin color generated and that put his own life at risk.	Naučio je kako ublažiti tenzije koje je proizvodila njegova boja kože i koja mu je ugrožavala život.	en-hr
We know that the brain is wired for bias, and one way to interrupt that bias is to pause and to reflect on the evidence of our assumptions.	Beynimizin ön yargılarla bağlandığını biliyoruz ve bu ön yargıları engellemenin bir yolu varsayımlarımızın kanıtlarını duraklatmak ve iyice düşünmek.	en-tr
So we need to ask ourselves: What assumptions do we bring when we step onto an elevator?	Então, precisamos de perguntar: Que suposições trazemos quando entramos num elevador?	en-pt
Or an airplane?	Ya da bir uçakta?	en-tr
How do we make ourselves aware of our own unconscious bias?	Kendimizi bilinçsiz ön yargılarımızdan nasıl haberdar ederiz?	en-tr
Who do those assumptions keep safe?	那些假設能保護誰的安全？	en-zh-tw
Who do they put at risk?	Kim onları riske atar?	en-tr
Until we ask these questions and insist that our schools and our courts and our police departments and every institution do the same, we will continue to allow bias to blind us.	Dokle god ne postavimo ta pitanja i ne inzistiramo da naše škole, naši sudovi, naše policijske uprave i sve druge institucije učine isto, nastavit ćemo dozvoljavati predrasudama da nas zaslijepljuju.	en-hr
And if we do, none of us are truly safe.	這麼一來，沒有誰是真正安全的。	en-zh-tw
And I think that's sort of the point of Improv Everywhere.	az Improv Everywhere célja.	en-hu
I said, "No, I can't use my legs."	라고 말했고	en-ko
I said, "But I can use my hands," and he said, "OK."	Hij: "Oké."	en-nl
We've got to get past this point.	Temos que ultrapassar este ponto.	en-pt
400 make it to the water.	Quatrocentas conseguem chegar à água.	en-pt
About 10 years ago, I was at a cocktail party with a friend of mine.	10 évvel ezelőtt egy cocktail partin voltam egy barátommal,	en-hu
Squirrels, for example, would show up, look for the peanut, go away.	megjelennének, keresnék a mogyorót, elmennének.	en-hu
My subject is the future of life on Earth.	Előadásom tárgya a földi élet jövője.	en-hu
This is a very large and complex topic.	Esse é um tópico muito vasto e complexo.	en-pt-br
It's the subject of futurology.	A futurológia foglalkozik vele.	en-hu
And in fact, I am a palaeontologist, I study dinosaurs, and you might wonder why a palaeontologist would have something to say about the future.	E, aliás, sou paleontólogo, estudo dinossauros, e você talvez se pergunte: "Por que um paleontólogo teria algo a dizer sobre o futuro?"	en-pt-br
However, there are some shared aspects which I will talk about, and this can provide some evidence to help us in making decisions.	Contudo, há aspetos comuns sobre os quais vou falar e isso pode dar algumas pistas para nos ajudar a tomar decisões.	en-pt
I’m a palaeontologist, as I say.	Sou paleontólogo, como já disse.	en-pt
I decided on this career when I was seven years old.	hétéves koromban választottam e pályát.	en-hu
I loved dinosaurs at the age of seven, and I think these days, young people still do.	Hétévesen szerettem a dinoszauruszokat, és azt hiszem, a fiatalok ma is szeretik őket.	en-hu
And I haven't changed my view since.	Azóta sem változott a nézetem.	en-hu
I love the job, teaching students, going to exotic parts of the world to dig up dinosaurs, finding new facts about the history of life.	Adoro a profissão, adoro ensinar estudantes, ir a partes exóticas do mundo, escavar dinossauros, encontrar novos factos sobre a história da vida.	en-pt
However, this kind of subject, studying the past, like studying the future, could be said by some not to be truly scientific.	Mas este tipo de tema, o estudo do passado, tal como o estudo do futuro, pode ser considerado por alguns como não sendo propriamente científico.	en-pt
And I want to explore that a little bit first, how do we do this, before we get to the point of beginning to establish some facts and figures about life and current threats.	E, primeiro, gostava de explorar um pouco mais como fazemos isso, antes de começar a apresentar factos e números sobre a vida e as ameaças atuais.	en-pt

And no matter what we controlled for, we found that black people were punished in proportion to the blackness of their physical features: the more black, the more death-worthy.

Fosse o que fosse que controlámos, descobrimos que as pessoas negras eram punidas na proporção da negritude das suas características físicas: quanto mais negras, mais merecedoras de morte.

en-pt

Bias can also influence how teachers discipline students.

偏見也會影響老師如何懲戒學生。

en-zh-tw

My colleagues and I have found that teachers express a desire to discipline a black middle school student more harshly than a white student for the same repeated infractions.

Moje kolege i ja smo otkrili da učitelji pokazuju želju disciplinirati tamnije učenike srednje škole rigoroznije nego bijele studente za iste prekršaje.

en-hr

In a recent study, we're finding that teachers treat black students as a group but white students as individuals.

Son zamanlardaki bir çalışmada öğretmenlerin siyahi öğrencilere bir grup gibi davranırken beyazlara birey olarak davrandıklarını görüyoruz.

en-tr

If, for example, one black student misbehaves and then a different black student misbehaves a few days later, the teacher responds to that second black student as if he had misbehaved twice.

Örneğin siyahi bir öğrenci yaramazlık yaparsa ve sonra farklı bir siyahi öğrenci birkaç gün sonra yaramazlık yaparsa öğretmen ikinci siyahi öğrenciye sanki ikinci kez yaramazlık yapmış gibi karşılık verir.

en-tr

It's as though the sins of one child get piled onto the other.

就彷彿一個孩子的罪過可以疊加在另一個孩子身上。

en-zh-tw

We create categories to make sense of the world, to assert some control and coherence to the stimuli that we're constantly being bombarded with.

Stvaramo kategorije kako bismo dali svijetu smisao, kako bismo imali kontrolu i sve povezali sa stimulansima kojima smo svakodnevno bombardirani.

en-hr

Categorization and the bias that it seeds allow our brains to make judgments more quickly and efficiently, and we do this by instinctively relying on patterns that seem predictable.

Sınıflandırma ve tohumladığı ön yargılar beynimizin daha hızlı ve etkili karar vermesine izin verir. bunu iç güdüsel olarak öngörülebilir görünen kalıplara dayanarak yapıyoruz.

en-tr

Yet, just as the categories we create allow us to make quick decisions, they also reinforce bias.

Tal como as categorias que criamos nos permitem tomar decisões rápidas, também reforçam os preconceitos.

en-pt

So the very things that help us to see the world also can blind us to it.

Então, as mesmas coisas que nos ajudam a ver o mundo também podem impedir-nos de o ver.

en-pt

They render our choices effortless, friction-free.

Tornam simples as nossas escolhas, sem conflitos.

en-pt

Yet they exact a heavy toll.

Ali uz veliku cijenu.

en-hr

We are all vulnerable to bias, but we don't act on bias all the time.

Todos somos vulneráveis a preconceitos, mas não agimos sempre com preconceitos.

en-pt

There are certain conditions that can bring bias alive and other conditions that can muffle it.

有些條件會讓偏見活躍起來，有些則會抑制偏見。

en-zh-tw

Many people are familiar with the tech company Nextdoor.

Muitas pessoas conhecem a empresa de tecnologia Nextdoor.

en-pt

So, their whole purpose is to create stronger, healthier, safer neighborhoods.

他們的目的是要創造出更堅強、更健康、更安全的鄰里。

en-zh-tw

And so they offer this online space where neighbors can gather and share information.

Prema tome, nude online prostor gdje susjedi mogu dobivati i dijeliti informacije.

en-hr

Yet, Nextdoor soon found that they had a problem with racial profiling.

但，Nextdoor 很快就發現他們有種族歸納方面的問題。

en-zh-tw

In the typical case, people would look outside their window and see a black man in their otherwise white neighborhood and make the snap judgment that he was up to no good, even when there was no evidence of criminal wrongdoing.

Normalde insanlar camlarından dışarıya bakarlar ve beyaz mahallelerinde siyahi bir adam görürler ve hemen o adamın iyi biri olmadığına karar verirler, cezai suç işlediğine dair bir kanıt olmasa bile.

en-tr

In many ways, how we behave online is a reflection of how we behave in the world.

De muitas formas, a forma como nos portamos "online" é um reflexo de como nos portamos no mundo.

en-pt

But what we don't want to do is create an easy-to-use system that can amplify bias and deepen racial disparities, rather than dismantling them.

Mas não queremos criar um sistema fácil de usar que possa amplificar o preconceito e aprofundar as disparidades raciais, em vez de desmontá-los.

en-pt

So the cofounder of Nextdoor reached out to me and to others to try to figure out what to do.

Então, o cofundador da Nextdoor procurou-me a mim e a outros para tentar descobrir o que fazer.

en-pt

And they realized that to curb racial profiling on the platform, they were going to have to add friction; that is, they were going to have to slow people down.

Platformda ırksal profillemenin önüne geçilmesi için bir ihtilaf eklemeleri gerekiyordu. Böylece insanları yavaşlatacaklardı.

en-tr

So Nextdoor had a choice to make, and against every impulse, they decided to add friction.

所以，Nextdoor 要做出選擇，他們決定不衝動行事，選擇加上阻力。

en-zh-tw

And they did this by adding a simple checklist.

他們的做法是增添一個簡單的清單。

en-zh-tw

There were three items on it.

Na njemu su bile tri stavke.

en-hr

First, they asked users to pause and think, "What was this person doing that made him suspicious?"

首先，他們請使用者暫停一下，想想：「這個人做了什麼讓他顯得可疑？」

en-zh-tw

The category "black man" is not grounds for suspicion.

Kategorija "tamnoputa osoba" nema uporišta za sumnju.

en-hr

Second, they asked users to describe the person's physical features, not simply their race and gender.

İkinci olarak, kullanıcılardan kişinin fiziksel özelliklerini sadece ırk ve cinsiyet olmadan tanımlamalarını istediler.

en-tr

Third, they realized that a lot of people didn't seem to know what racial profiling was, nor that they were engaging in it.

Treće, shvatili su da mnogo ljudi nije shvaćalo što znači rasno profiliranje, niti da su u njega bili svjesno uključeni.

en-hr

So Nextdoor provided them with a definition and told them that it was strictly prohibited.

I tako ih je Nextdoor upoznao s definicijom i rekao im da je to strogo zabranjeno.

en-hr

Most of you have seen those signs in airports and in metro stations, "If you see something, say something."

Birçoğunuz bu işaretleri havalimanlarında ve metro istasyonlarında görmüşsünüzdür. "Eğer bir şey görüyorsan söyle."

en-tr

Nextdoor tried modifying this.

Nextdoor 把這個標牌改成：

en-zh-tw

"If you see something suspicious, say something specific."

"Eğer şüpheli bir şey görürsen şüphesiz bir şey söyle."

en-tr

And using this strategy, by simply slowing people down, Nextdoor was able to curb racial profiling by 75 percent.

Koristeći ovu strategiju, jednostavno obuzdavajući ljude, Nextdoor je uspio umanjiti rasno profiliranje za 75 posto.

en-hr

Now, people often will say to me, "You can't add friction in every situation, in every context, and especially for people who make split-second decisions all the time."

Ljudi mi često kažu, "Ne možeš to uvijek obuzdati - u svakoj situaciji i u svakom kontekstu, a posebno za ljude koji stalno donose odluke u sekundi."

en-hr

But it turns out we can add friction to more situations than we think.

但結果發現，我們能添加阻力的情況比我們想像中的還要多。

en-zh-tw

Working with the Oakland Police Department in California, I and a number of my colleagues were able to help the department to reduce the number of stops they made of people who were not committing any serious crimes.

U radu s policijskom upravom Oaklanda u Kaliforniji, moji kolege i ja smo uspjeli pomoći upravi u reduciranju broja ljudi koje su zaustavljali a koji nisu počinili nikakav ozbiljni zločin.

en-hr

And we did this by pushing officers to ask themselves a question before each and every stop they made: "Is this stop intelligence-led, yes or no?"

我們的做法是要求警員在做每次攔檢時都要先問自己一個問題：「這次攔檢是有思考過才決定要做的，是或否？」

en-zh-tw

In other words, do I have prior information to tie this particular person to a specific crime?

Başka bir ifadeyle bu belirli kişiyi bir suçla bağlamak için öncelikli bir bilgim var mı?

en-tr

By adding that question to the form officers complete during a stop, they slow down, they pause, they think, "Why am I considering pulling this person over?"

Ao adicionar esta pergunta no formulário que os agentes preenchem durante uma detenção, eles caem em si, fazem uma pausa e pensam: "Porque é que estou a considerar deter esta pessoa? "

en-pt

In 2017, before we added that intelligence-led question to the form, officers made about 32,000 stops across the city.

2017'de istihbarat odaklı bu soruyu forma eklemeden önce memurlar şehir genelinde yaklaşık 32.000 çevirme yaptı.

en-tr

In that next year, with the addition of this question, that fell to 19,000 stops.

隔年，加上了那個問題之後，數字減少至 19,000 次攔檢。

en-zh-tw

African-American stops alone fell by 43 percent.

光是對非裔美國人所做的攔檢就減少了 43%。

en-zh-tw

And stopping fewer black people did not make the city any more dangerous.

Ve daha az sayıda siyahi insanı durdurmak şehri daha tehlikeli hâle getirmedi.

en-tr

In fact, the crime rate continued to fall, and the city became safer for everybody.

Aslında suç oranı da düşmeye devam etti ve şehir herkes için daha güvenli oldu.

en-tr

So one solution can come from reducing the number of unnecessary stops.

一個解決方案是減少不必要的攔檢數目。

en-zh-tw

Another can come from improving the quality of the stops officers do make.

Diğeri ise memurların yaptığı çevirmelerin kalitesini artırmak olabilir.

en-tr

And technology can help us here.

此時科技就能派上用場。

en-zh-tw

We all know about George Floyd's death, because those who tried to come to his aid held cell phone cameras to record that horrific, fatal encounter with the police.

我們都知道喬治．佛洛伊德的死亡，因為當時試圖協助他的人用手機攝影機拍下這段和警方可怕、致命的遭遇。

en-zh-tw

But we have all sorts of technology that we're not putting to good use.

Fakat iyi bir şekilde kullanmadığımız her türlü teknolojiye de sahibiz.

en-tr

Police departments across the country are now required to wear body-worn cameras so we have recordings of not only the most extreme and horrific encounters but of everyday interactions.

Os departamentos de polícia em todo o país são hoje obrigados a usar câmaras junto ao corpo por isso temos gravações não só dos encontros mais extremos e terríveis como de interações quotidianas.

en-pt

With an interdisciplinary team at Stanford, we've begun to use machine learning techniques to analyze large numbers of encounters.

我們和史丹佛大學的一個跨領域團隊合作，開始使用機器學習技術來分析大量相遇的情境。

en-zh-tw

This is to better understand what happens in routine traffic stops.

Bu, rutin trafik çevirmelerinde neler olduğunu daha iyi anlamak için.

en-tr

What we found was that even when police officers are behaving professionally, they speak to black drivers less respectfully than white drivers.

我們發現，即使警員的行為表現非常專業，比起白人司機，他們對黑人司機的說話方式仍然比較不尊重。

en-zh-tw

In fact, from the words officers use alone, we could predict whether they were talking to a black driver or a white driver.

事實上，單單從警員的用詞，我們就能預測出他們是在和黑人司機或白人司機說話。

en-zh-tw

The problem is that the vast majority of the footage from these cameras is not used by police departments to understand what's going on on the street or to train officers.

Problem, bu kameralardaki görüntülerin büyük çoğunluğunun polis departmanları tarafından dışarıda neler olduğunu anlamak için ya da eğitimlerde kullanılmaması.

en-tr

And that's a shame.

E isso é uma pena.

en-pt

How does a routine stop turn into a deadly encounter?

Kako rutinska kontrola dovodi do ubojitih susreta?

en-hr

How did this happen in George Floyd's case?

George Floyd'un olayında bu nasıl oldu?

en-tr

How did it happen in others?

Como é que isso aconteceu com outros?

en-pt

When my eldest son was 16 years old, he discovered that when white people look at him, they feel fear.

Büyük oğlum 16 yaşına geldiğinde, beyaz insanlar ona baktıklarında korku duyduklarını keşfetti.

en-tr

Elevators are the worst, he said.

Dizala su najgora, kaže.

en-hr

When those doors close, people are trapped in this tiny space with someone they have been taught to associate with danger.

當電梯門關上，大家被困在這個小小的空間裡，和他們認為危險的人困在一起。

en-zh-tw

My son senses their discomfort, and he smiles to put them at ease, to calm their fears.

Oğlum onların rahatsızlıklarını seziyor ve onları rahatlatmak için gülümsüyor, korkularını yatıştırmak için.

en-tr

When he speaks, their bodies relax.

當他說話時，他們的身體放鬆了。

en-zh-tw

They breathe easier.

Eles respiram mais facilmente.

en-pt

They take pleasure in his cadence, his diction, his word choice.

Ses tonundan, diksiyonundan, kelime seçimlerinden zevk alıyorlar.

en-tr

He sounds like one of them.

Zvuči kao jedan od njih.

en-hr

I used to think that my son was a natural extrovert like his father.

Mislila sam da je moj sin prirodni ekstrovert kao i njegov otac.

en-hr

But I realized at that moment, in that conversation, that his smile was not a sign that he wanted to connect with would-be strangers.

Ali sam tog trenutka shvatila, kroz taj razgovor, da njegov osmijeh nije znak da se želi povezati sa strancima.

en-hr

It was a talisman he used to protect himself, a survival skill he had honed over thousands of elevator rides.

Era um talismã que ele usava para se proteger, uma aptidão de sobrevivência que ele aperfeiçoou nas viagens de elevador.

en-pt

He was learning to accommodate the tension that his skin color generated and that put his own life at risk.

Naučio je kako ublažiti tenzije koje je proizvodila njegova boja kože i koja mu je ugrožavala život.

en-hr

We know that the brain is wired for bias, and one way to interrupt that bias is to pause and to reflect on the evidence of our assumptions.

Beynimizin ön yargılarla bağlandığını biliyoruz ve bu ön yargıları engellemenin bir yolu varsayımlarımızın kanıtlarını duraklatmak ve iyice düşünmek.

en-tr

So we need to ask ourselves: What assumptions do we bring when we step onto an elevator?

Então, precisamos de perguntar: Que suposições trazemos quando entramos num elevador?

en-pt

Or an airplane?

Ya da bir uçakta?

en-tr

How do we make ourselves aware of our own unconscious bias?

Kendimizi bilinçsiz ön yargılarımızdan nasıl haberdar ederiz?

en-tr

Who do those assumptions keep safe?

那些假設能保護誰的安全？

en-zh-tw

Who do they put at risk?

Kim onları riske atar?

en-tr

Until we ask these questions and insist that our schools and our courts and our police departments and every institution do the same, we will continue to allow bias to blind us.

Dokle god ne postavimo ta pitanja i ne inzistiramo da naše škole, naši sudovi, naše policijske uprave i sve druge institucije učine isto, nastavit ćemo dozvoljavati predrasudama da nas zaslijepljuju.

en-hr

And if we do, none of us are truly safe.

這麼一來，沒有誰是真正安全的。

en-zh-tw

And I think that's sort of the point of Improv Everywhere.

az Improv Everywhere célja.

en-hu

I said, "No, I can't use my legs."

라고 말했고

en-ko

I said, "But I can use my hands," and he said, "OK."

Hij: "Oké."

en-nl

We've got to get past this point.

Temos que ultrapassar este ponto.

en-pt

400 make it to the water.

Quatrocentas conseguem chegar à água.

en-pt

About 10 years ago, I was at a cocktail party with a friend of mine.

10 évvel ezelőtt egy cocktail partin voltam egy barátommal,

en-hu

Squirrels, for example, would show up, look for the peanut, go away.

megjelennének, keresnék a mogyorót, elmennének.

en-hu

My subject is the future of life on Earth.

Előadásom tárgya a földi élet jövője.

en-hu

This is a very large and complex topic.

Esse é um tópico muito vasto e complexo.

en-pt-br

It's the subject of futurology.

A futurológia foglalkozik vele.

en-hu

And in fact, I am a palaeontologist, I study dinosaurs, and you might wonder why a palaeontologist would have something to say about the future.

E, aliás, sou paleontólogo, estudo dinossauros, e você talvez se pergunte: "Por que um paleontólogo teria algo a dizer sobre o futuro?"

en-pt-br

However, there are some shared aspects which I will talk about, and this can provide some evidence to help us in making decisions.

Contudo, há aspetos comuns sobre os quais vou falar e isso pode dar algumas pistas para nos ajudar a tomar decisões.

en-pt

I’m a palaeontologist, as I say.

Sou paleontólogo, como já disse.

en-pt

I decided on this career when I was seven years old.

hétéves koromban választottam e pályát.

en-hu

I loved dinosaurs at the age of seven, and I think these days, young people still do.

Hétévesen szerettem a dinoszauruszokat, és azt hiszem, a fiatalok ma is szeretik őket.

en-hu

And I haven't changed my view since.

Azóta sem változott a nézetem.

en-hu

I love the job, teaching students, going to exotic parts of the world to dig up dinosaurs, finding new facts about the history of life.

Adoro a profissão, adoro ensinar estudantes, ir a partes exóticas do mundo, escavar dinossauros, encontrar novos factos sobre a história da vida.

en-pt

However, this kind of subject, studying the past, like studying the future, could be said by some not to be truly scientific.

Mas este tipo de tema, o estudo do passado, tal como o estudo do futuro, pode ser considerado por alguns como não sendo propriamente científico.

en-pt

And I want to explore that a little bit first, how do we do this, before we get to the point of beginning to establish some facts and figures about life and current threats.

E, primeiro, gostava de explorar um pouco mais como fazemos isso, antes de começar a apresentar factos e números sobre a vida e as ameaças atuais.

en-pt