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▁August ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁White ▁Hor se ▁Federation , ▁a ▁multi - ac ade my ▁trust . ▁The ▁school ▁continues ▁to ▁coordinate ▁with ▁Sw ind on ▁Bor ough ▁Council ▁for ▁adm issions . ▁ ▁The ▁school ' s ▁catch ment ▁area ▁includes ▁Bishop stone , ▁H inton ▁Par va , ▁W an borough , ▁L idd ington , ▁Co ate , ▁Bad bury , ▁Ch is eld on , ▁H od son , ▁Bass ett ▁Down , ▁U ff c ott , ▁Broad ▁H inton ▁and ▁Winter bourne ▁Bass ett . ▁The ▁school ▁offers ▁GC SE s ▁and ▁B TE C s ▁as ▁program mes ▁of ▁study ▁for ▁pup ils , ▁while ▁students ▁in ▁the ▁sixth ▁form ▁have ▁the ▁option ▁to ▁study ▁from ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁A - level s ▁and ▁further ▁B TE C s . ▁ ▁Cont ro vers y ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁aid ▁integration ▁after ▁the ▁ 7 ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁London ▁bomb ings , ▁the ▁local ▁council ▁began ▁sending ▁British ▁Asian ▁youth ▁from ▁Sw ind on ▁( out side ▁the ▁regular ▁catch ment ▁area ) ▁to ▁the ▁school . ▁Some ▁of ▁this ▁group ▁formed ▁a ▁gang ▁called ▁the ▁" As ian ▁In vas ion ", ▁who ▁bul lied ▁other ▁pup ils . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 1 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁Henry ▁Web ster , ▁a ▁ 1 5 - year - old ▁sing led ▁out ▁for ▁his |
▁red ▁hair ▁and ▁large ▁size , ▁stood ▁up ▁to ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁" As ian ▁In vas ion " ▁and ▁agreed ▁for ▁a ▁one - on - one ▁fight . ▁However , ▁the ▁boy ▁showed ▁up ▁with ▁several ▁others , ▁including ▁adult s ▁and ▁Web ster ▁suffered ▁inj uries ▁including ▁brain ▁damage ▁from ▁a ▁ham mer . ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁four ▁people ▁were ▁conv icted ▁for ▁the ▁attack . ▁By ▁May , ▁ 1 3 ▁had ▁been ▁conv icted . ▁ ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁High ▁Court ▁of ▁Justice ▁ruled ▁in ▁favour ▁of ▁the ▁school ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁su ed ▁by ▁Web ster ▁and ▁his ▁family . ▁He ▁had ▁claimed ▁that ▁although ▁the ▁attack ▁was ▁outside ▁school ▁hours , ▁it ▁had ▁been ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁school ' s ▁lack ▁of ▁action ▁against ▁the ▁" As ian ▁In vas ion ". ▁In ▁September ▁that ▁year , ▁a ▁case ▁review ▁was ▁published ▁about ▁the ▁situation ▁at ▁the ▁school , ▁which ▁recommended ▁that ▁all ▁inc idents ▁of ▁bul lying ▁should ▁record ▁the ▁eth nic ity ▁of ▁perpet rat ors ▁and ▁vict ims ▁to ▁look ▁for ▁ra cial ▁motiv ations . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : Second ary ▁schools ▁in ▁Sw ind on ▁Category : E du c ational ▁institutions ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁Category : 1 9 6 7 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁England ▁Category : A cadem ies ▁in ▁Sw ind on <0x0A> </s> ▁Georg ios ▁Ky ri ak |
ou ▁I ac ov ou ▁( born ▁ 1 9 ▁July ▁ 1 9 3 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁C yp ri ot ▁diplom at ▁and ▁politician . ▁I ac ov ou ▁served ▁as ▁Foreign ▁Minister ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁for ▁two ▁consecutive ▁terms ▁from ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁and ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁and ▁for ▁a ▁third ▁term ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁to ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁which ▁makes ▁him ▁Cy pr us ' s ▁longest ▁serving ▁Foreign ▁Minister . ▁Between ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁High ▁Commission er ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁He ▁is ▁also ▁known ▁for ▁his ▁work ▁on ▁the ▁re h abil itation ▁of ▁Greek ▁C yp ri ot ▁refuge es ▁and ▁on ▁persons ▁of ▁Greek ▁origin ▁living ▁in ▁the ▁former ▁Soviet ▁Union . ▁Between ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁I ac ov ou ▁was ▁Minister ▁of ▁Pres iden cy . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁ ▁I ac ov ou ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Per ister on op igi , ▁in ▁Fam ag usta ▁District . ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁the ▁Fam ag usta ▁G ymnasium . ▁From ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁I ac ov ou ▁was ▁a ▁student ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁and ▁was ▁active ▁in ▁student |
▁politics ▁and ▁Greek ▁C yp ri ot ▁community ▁affairs . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁until ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁I ac ov ou ▁worked ▁in ▁the ▁private ▁sector ▁in ▁Cy pr us . ▁He ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁Senior ▁Cons ult ant ▁at ▁the ▁international ▁enter prise ▁Price ▁Water house ▁in ▁London , ▁as ▁Princi pal ▁Officer ▁for ▁Oper ational ▁Research ▁and ▁later ▁on ▁as ▁Senior ▁Fin ance ▁Officer ▁of ▁the ▁board ▁of ▁direct ors ▁for ▁British ▁Rail . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 2 , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Cy pr us ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁and ▁was ▁appointed ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Cy pr us ▁Product ivity ▁Centre , ▁where ▁he ▁introduced ▁new ▁management ▁methods ▁in ▁industry ▁and ▁commerce , ▁pione ering ▁program mes ▁for ▁continu ing ▁education ▁of ▁business ▁execut ives , ▁such ▁as ▁a ▁post - grad uate ▁management ▁course ▁that ▁has ▁been ▁running ▁for ▁over ▁thirty ▁years . ▁He ▁also ▁turned ▁his ▁attention ▁to ▁the ▁upgrad ing ▁of ▁skills ▁of ▁art is ans ▁and ▁techn icians ▁in ▁many ▁fields . ▁Con current ly , ▁I ac ov ou ▁was ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁board ▁of ▁direct ors ▁of ▁the ▁Hotel ▁and ▁C ater ing ▁Institute ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁(" H CI "), ▁and ▁under ▁his ▁ste ward ship , ▁the ▁H CI ▁became ▁intern ation ally ▁known , ▁being ▁acknowled ged ▁accordingly ▁on ▁the ▁island . ▁ ▁Political ▁career ▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁Turkish ▁invasion ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁he |
▁established ▁and ▁directed ▁the ▁" Service ▁for ▁the ▁Rel ief ▁and ▁Re h abil itation ▁of ▁Dis pla ced ▁Pers ons " ▁on ▁directions ▁from ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Minister s ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Cy pr us . ▁He ▁later ▁also ▁established ▁the ▁" Service ▁for ▁the ▁Re integration ▁of ▁Dis pla ced ▁Pers ons ". ▁I ac ov ou ' s ▁work ▁for ▁refuge es ▁has ▁had ▁an ▁important ▁impact ▁on ▁subsequent ▁develop ments ▁in ▁Cy pr us , ▁including ▁what ▁has ▁been ▁dub bed ▁the ▁C yp ri ot ▁" e conom ic ▁mi racle ". ▁In ▁this ▁capacity , ▁I ac ov ou ▁became ▁a ▁close ▁associate ▁of ▁Arch bishop ▁Mak arios , ▁the ▁first ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Cy pr us . ▁He ▁also ▁became ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁art ic ulate ▁advoc ates ▁of ▁the ▁rights ▁of ▁disp la ced ▁persons ▁in ▁Cy pr us , ▁who ▁form ▁a ▁core ▁issue ▁of ▁the ▁wider ▁Cy pr us ▁problem . ▁His ▁work ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁has ▁been ▁nation ally ▁and ▁intern ation ally ▁acknowled ged , ▁with ▁his ▁expos ure ▁to ▁these ▁people ' s ▁problems ▁influen cing ▁his ▁subsequent ▁career . ▁I ac ov ou ▁is ▁considered ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁ab l est ▁administr ators ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁and ▁is ▁often ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁the ▁techn ocrat ▁with ▁the ▁big ▁heart . ▁From ▁April ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁until ▁January ▁ 1 9 7 9 , ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁Head ▁of ▁the ▁Africa ▁Department ▁of |
▁the ▁UN ▁High ▁Commission ▁for ▁Ref uge es ▁in ▁Gene va . ▁ ▁From ▁January ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁until ▁January ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁he ▁was ▁Amb assador ▁of ▁the ▁Cy pr us ▁Republic ▁to ▁the ▁Federal ▁Republic ▁of ▁Germany , ▁with ▁parallel ▁acc red itation ▁to ▁Austria ▁and ▁Switzerland ; ▁later ▁on , ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁P erman ent ▁Secretary ▁in ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Foreign ▁Affairs . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 2 ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁Foreign ▁Minister ▁and ▁remained ▁in ▁this ▁post ▁until ▁February ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁His ▁first ▁appointment ▁to ▁this ▁office ▁came ▁just ▁before ▁the ▁illegal ▁and ▁un il ater al ▁declaration ▁of ▁" in dep end ence " ▁by ▁the ▁Turkish ▁C yp ri ot ▁leadership ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 3 . ▁Nevertheless , ▁he ▁successfully ▁purs ued ▁the ▁condem n ation ▁of ▁this ▁action ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁Security ▁Council ▁through ▁the ▁ad option ▁of ▁SC ▁Resol utions ▁ 5 4 1 ▁and ▁ 5 5 0 . ▁As ▁Minister ▁of ▁Foreign ▁Affairs , ▁he ▁negoti ated ▁Cy pr us ' s ▁Custom s ▁Union ▁Ag re ement ▁with ▁the ▁then ▁European ▁Econom ic ▁Community ▁( E EC ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁he ▁submitted ▁the ▁application ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁E EC . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁I ac ov ou ▁signed ▁the ▁Tre aty |
▁of ▁Acc ession ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁the ▁European ▁Union ▁(" E U "). ▁ ▁Later ▁on , ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁by ▁the ▁Greek ▁government ▁as ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Foundation ▁for ▁the ▁Re ception ▁and ▁Res ett lement ▁of ▁Re pat ri ated ▁Gree ks . ▁His ▁programme ▁for ▁the ▁integration ▁of ▁several ▁hundred ▁thousand ▁persons ▁of ▁Greek ▁origin ▁returning ▁to ▁Greece ▁from ▁the ▁former ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁was ▁met ▁with ▁great ▁success . ▁I ac ov ou ▁master mind ed ▁operation ▁Golden ▁Fle e ce , ▁the ▁liber ation ▁of ▁fifteen ▁hundred ▁men , ▁women ▁and ▁children ▁of ▁Greek ▁origin ▁from ▁the ▁bes ie ged ▁city ▁of ▁Su kh umi ▁in ▁Ab kh az ia ; ▁he ▁later ▁participated ▁in ▁a ▁similar ▁operation ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Gro z ny y , ▁Che ch ny a . ▁He ▁also ▁founded ▁several ▁university ▁depart ments ▁for ▁the ▁teaching ▁of ▁the ▁Greek ▁language ▁in ▁countries ▁of ▁the ▁former ▁Soviet ▁Union . ▁ ▁President ial ▁election ▁ ▁Following ▁his ▁return ▁to ▁Cy pr us ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁he ▁ran ▁for ▁office ▁in ▁the ▁February ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁president ial ▁election ▁as ▁an ▁independent ▁candidate ▁supported ▁by ▁the ▁political ▁parties ▁A KE L ▁and ▁DI K O . ▁He ▁lost , ▁by ▁a ▁narrow ▁margin , ▁to ▁the ▁inc umb ent ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Republic , ▁Gla f cos ▁C ler ides . ▁On ▁ 1 ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁Foreign ▁Minister ▁in |
▁the ▁new ▁government ▁of ▁President ▁T ass os ▁Pap ad op oul os , ▁serving ▁until ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁In ▁October ▁that ▁year , ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁High ▁Commission er ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁affili ations ▁ ▁I ac ov ou ▁has ▁been ▁awarded ▁several ▁hon ours , ▁dist in ctions ▁and ▁med als ▁from ▁numerous ▁countries , ▁univers ities ▁and ▁organis ations , ▁amongst ▁which ▁are : ▁ ▁The ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁of ▁Mer it , ▁Federal ▁Republic ▁of ▁Germany ▁The ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Phoenix , ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁The ▁Grand ▁Dec oration ▁of ▁Hon our ▁in ▁Gold ▁with ▁S ash ▁for ▁Services ▁to ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Austria ▁( 1 9 8 3 ) ▁The ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Is avel ▁La ▁Cat ol ica , ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Spain ▁The ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Hon our , ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁The ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Inf ante ▁D . ▁Henri que , ▁Republic ▁of ▁Portugal ▁The ▁Dec oration ▁of ▁the ▁Battalion ▁of ▁the ▁Y ug oslav ▁Flag ▁The ▁Dec oration ▁of ▁the ▁Arab ▁Republic ▁of ▁Egypt ▁The ▁Dec oration ▁of ▁the ▁Cross ▁of ▁St . ▁Mark ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁order ▁of ▁the ▁Patri arch ate ▁of ▁Alexand ria ▁and ▁all ▁Africa ▁Dec oration ▁of ▁St . ▁Catherine ' s ▁Mon aster y ▁of ▁S ina i ▁Honor ary ▁Doctor ate ▁of ▁the ▁Ath ens ▁P ante ion ▁University , ▁of ▁Political |
▁and ▁Social ▁Sciences ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Bi ographical ▁info ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Cy pr us ▁Minister s ▁of ▁Foreign ▁Affairs ▁Category : C yp ri ot ▁diplom ats ▁Category : C yp ri ot ▁refuge es ▁Category : Am b ass adors ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁Germany ▁Category : Am b ass adors ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁Austria ▁Category : Am b ass adors ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁Switzerland ▁Category : High ▁Commission ers ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁ ▁Category : Gr and ▁Cross es ▁ 1 st ▁class ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Mer it ▁of ▁the ▁Federal ▁Republic ▁of ▁Germany ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Grand ▁Dec oration ▁with ▁S ash ▁for ▁Services ▁to ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Austria <0x0A> </s> ▁Kom or ów ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁administrative ▁district ▁of ▁G mina ▁Wien ia wa , ▁within ▁Prz ys ucha ▁County , ▁Mas ov ian ▁Vo iv odes hip , ▁in ▁east - central ▁Poland . ▁It ▁lies ▁approximately ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁Wien ia wa , ▁ ▁east ▁of ▁Prz ys ucha , ▁and ▁ ▁south ▁of ▁Wars aw . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Prz ys ucha ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Arch bishop ' s ▁Garden ▁( H ung arian : É r se kk ert ▁or ▁col lo qu ial ly ▁N ép k ert ) ▁is ▁a ▁park ▁in ▁E |
ger , ▁Hung ary , ▁that ▁covers ▁about ▁ 1 2 ▁hect ares . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁created ▁on ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁a ▁former ▁hunting ▁ground . ▁The ▁park ▁walls ▁were ▁built ▁by ▁Bishop ▁E ster há zy . ▁Some ▁of ▁these ▁walls ▁ ▁are ▁still ▁standing ▁on ▁the ▁northern ▁and ▁western ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁park . ▁The ▁park ▁was ▁opened ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 . ▁ ▁S ights ▁ ▁The ▁f ount ain ▁( built ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ) ▁The ▁sports ▁facilities ▁( football ▁pitch es , ▁tennis ▁courts ) ▁The ▁artificial ▁lake ▁with ▁a ▁bridge . ▁ ▁Category : P arks ▁in ▁Hung ary ▁Category : E ger ▁Category : Ge ography ▁of ▁He ves ▁County ▁Category : T our ist ▁attra ctions ▁in ▁He ves ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁D her ▁Maj ra ▁is ▁an ▁ar che ological ▁site ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁Ind us ▁Valley ▁Civil ization ▁in ▁R up n agar ▁district ▁in ▁the ▁Indian ▁state ▁of ▁P un j ab . ▁The ▁settlement ▁was ▁believed ▁to ▁primarily ▁belong ▁to ▁the ▁Bar a ▁culture ▁str and ▁of ▁the ▁Ind us ▁Valley ▁Civil ization . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Bar a ▁culture ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Ind us ▁Valley ▁Civil isation ▁sites ▁Category : C ities ▁and ▁towns ▁in ▁R up n agar ▁district ▁Category : B ara ▁culture <0x0A> </s> ▁People ▁Like ▁Us ▁is ▁a ▁British ▁reality ▁document ary ▁series ▁broadcast ▁on ▁BBC ▁Three . ▁The ▁programme ▁tries ▁to ▁reflect |
▁the ▁true ▁lives ▁of ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁residents ▁of ▁council ▁est ates ▁in ▁England , ▁which ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁programme ▁have ▁contin ually ▁ranked ▁as ▁the ▁most ▁dep riv ed ▁in ▁the ▁UK . ▁The ▁show ▁has ▁been ▁critic ised ▁by ▁Manchester ▁residents , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁wider ▁UK ▁for ▁showing ▁a ▁very ▁s tere ot yp ical ▁view ▁of ▁council ▁estate ▁residents . ▁The ▁series ▁mainly ▁featured ▁the ▁areas ▁of ▁Har pur he y , ▁Most on ▁and ▁Col ly h urst . ▁As ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁how ▁the ▁series ▁dep icted ▁the ▁areas , ▁ ▁' I ▁love ▁Har pur he y ' ▁b ann ers ▁were ▁displayed ▁by ▁local ▁residents ▁to ▁try ▁and ▁disp el ▁the ▁blank et ▁m istr uth s ▁of ▁the ▁broad c aster s ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Each ▁episode ▁last s ▁ 6 0 ▁minutes . ▁The ▁narr ator ▁of ▁the ▁programme ▁is ▁Natal ie ▁Case y . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 3 ▁British ▁television ▁series ▁deb uts ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 s ▁British ▁reality ▁television ▁series ▁Category : B BC ▁television ▁document aries ▁Category : B rit ish ▁reality ▁television ▁series <0x0A> </s> ▁Sam son ▁E me ka ▁O mer u ah ▁( 1 4 ▁August ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁in ▁Z aria , ▁Northern ▁Niger ia ▁– ▁ 4 ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 6 ) ▁was ▁an ▁air ▁comm odore ▁ ▁of ▁the ▁Niger ian ▁Air ▁Force , ▁a ▁former ▁governor ▁of ▁An amb |
ra ▁State ▁and ▁a ▁former ▁three - time ▁Minister ▁for ▁Information , ▁Youth , ▁Sport ▁and ▁Culture ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁during ▁the ▁reg imes ▁of ▁Bu h ari , ▁San i ▁Ab ach a ▁and ▁Abd uls al am ▁Ab ub ak ar . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁once ▁the ▁chairman ▁of ▁Niger ia ▁Football ▁Association ▁- ▁Niger ia ' s ▁top ▁football ▁gover ning ▁body ▁and ▁still ▁regarded ▁as ▁its ▁most ▁successful ▁Chair . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁minister ▁for ▁Sports ▁when ▁the ▁Niger ian ▁Golden ▁E ag lets ▁took ▁home ▁the ▁FIFA ▁under ▁ 1 7 ▁world ▁championship ▁cup . ▁He ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁position ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁in ▁time ▁to ▁see ▁the ▁Green ▁E ag les ▁make ▁their ▁first ▁World ▁Cup ▁and ▁win ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Olympic ▁gold ▁medal . ▁He ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁pro ponents ▁of ▁priv at izing ▁the ▁game ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁and ▁removing ▁control ▁from ▁state ▁govern ments . ▁ ▁A part ▁from ▁this , ▁he ▁champion ed ▁the ▁War ▁Again st ▁Ind is cipl ine ▁( WA I ) ▁programme ▁of ▁the ▁Bu h ari ▁regime ▁between ▁January ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁and ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁committed ▁Christian ▁of ▁the ▁Method ist ▁faith ▁and ▁earned ▁a ▁Ph D ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Lag os ▁in ▁addition ▁to ▁degrees ▁from ▁P un j ab ▁University , ▁India ▁and ▁A ub urn ▁University ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁O mer u |
ah ▁had ▁four ▁children ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁of ▁these ▁is ▁Chi oma ▁O mer u ah ▁a . k . a . ▁Ch ig ul ▁who ▁is ▁a ▁lingu ist ▁and ▁a ▁com ed ian ▁despite ▁her ▁f athers ▁ins istence ▁that ▁she ▁took ▁law ▁as ▁her ▁career . ▁ ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁London ▁after ▁a ▁brief ▁ill ness . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁` ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 6 ▁death s ▁Category : N iger ian ▁football ers ▁Category : N iger ian ▁Air ▁Force ▁officers ▁Category : G overn ors ▁of ▁An amb ra ▁State ▁Category : A ub urn ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : F eder al ▁minister s ▁of ▁Niger ia ▁Category : N iger ian ▁sport sp erson - polit icians ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Z aria ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Lag os ▁al umn i ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ers ▁not ▁categor ized ▁by ▁position <0x0A> </s> ▁I CP ▁s rl ▁is ▁an ▁Italian ▁w iring ▁har ness , ▁autom ot ive ▁bra ke ▁wear ▁indicator ▁and ▁aircraft ▁manufact urer ▁founded ▁by ▁Tan cre di ▁( Ed i ) ▁R azz ano ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁and ▁originally ▁based ▁in ▁Pi ov à ▁Mass a ia . ▁The ▁company ▁re located ▁to ▁Cast el nu ovo ▁Don ▁Bos co ▁in ▁P ied mont ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁I CP ▁special izes ▁in ▁the ▁design ▁and |
▁manufact ure ▁of ▁k it ▁aircraft ▁for ▁amateur ▁construction . ▁ ▁History ▁I CP ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁to ▁produce ▁w iring ▁har ness es ▁for ▁the ▁autom ot ive , ▁elect rome chan ical ▁and ▁domestic ▁app liance ▁mark ets . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁the ▁company ▁expanded ▁into ▁design ing ▁and ▁producing ▁wear ▁indic ators ▁for ▁disc ▁and ▁drum ▁bra kes ▁for ▁cars , ▁ ▁industrial ▁vehicles ▁and ▁motor cy cles . ▁The ▁company ▁provides ▁wear ▁indic ators ▁that ▁are ▁used ▁by ▁Al fa ▁Rome o , ▁A udi , ▁Cit ro en , ▁Che v ro let ▁Cor v ette , ▁D af , ▁Ferr ari , ▁F iat , ▁I ve co , ▁Lamb org h ini , ▁L ancia , ▁Mas er ati , ▁Pe uge ot , ▁Ren ault ▁and ▁Vol vo . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁R azz ano ▁decided ▁to ▁use ▁the ▁considerable ▁invest ment ▁he ▁had ▁made ▁in ▁C NC ▁mach ining ▁to ▁produce ▁k it ▁aircraft , ▁beginning ▁with ▁the ▁I CP ▁B ingo ▁and ▁Sav ann ah ▁aircraft . ▁The ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁C NC ▁machines ▁allowed ▁k its ▁to ▁be ▁produced ▁at ▁low ▁cost , ▁making ▁the ▁company ▁very ▁compet itive ▁in ▁the ▁k it ▁aircraft ▁market . ▁Z en ith ▁S TO L ▁CH ▁ 7 0 1 ▁designer ▁Chris ▁He int z ▁cons iders ▁the ▁Sav ann ah ▁an ▁una ut hor ized ▁copy ▁of ▁his ▁design |
. ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 5 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁I CP ▁announced ▁a ▁collabor ative ▁production ▁effort ▁with ▁Z en air ▁of ▁Canada ▁to ▁produce ▁the ▁Z en air ▁CH 6 5 0 ▁at ▁their ▁plant , ▁under ▁the ▁design ation ▁CH 6 5 0 E i . ▁ ▁I CP ▁is ▁currently ▁developing ▁an ▁av iation ▁engine , ▁designated ▁the ▁I CP ▁M 0 9 . ▁The ▁engine ▁was ▁designed ▁by ▁Franco ▁Lam bert ini , ▁previously ▁with ▁M oto ▁Mor ini ▁motor cy cles . ▁The ▁M 0 9 ▁has ▁no ▁parts ▁in ▁common ▁with ▁other ▁Lam bert ini ▁motor cycle ▁engines , ▁but ▁is ▁a ▁clean - sheet ▁design ▁for ▁av iation ▁use . ▁The ▁engine ▁is ▁a ▁four ▁stroke , ▁two ▁cyl inder , ▁four ▁val ve , ▁ ▁power plant ▁that ▁del ivers ▁ ▁at ▁ 7 0 0 0 ▁r pm ▁and ▁is ▁capable ▁of ▁invert ed ▁flight . ▁The ▁first ▁flight ▁on ▁an ▁I CP ▁Sav ann ah ▁S ▁was ▁on ▁ 1 8 ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁A ircraft ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : A ircraft ▁manufact ur ers ▁of ▁Italy ▁Category : Home built ▁aircraft ▁Category : Auto ▁parts ▁supp liers ▁of ▁Italy <0x0A> </s> ▁William ▁Grant ▁" B ill " ▁Las key ▁( born ▁February ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 4 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁American ▁football ▁player . ▁He ▁played ▁college ▁football ▁for ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan ▁and |
▁professional ▁football ▁for ▁ 1 0 ▁years ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Football ▁League ▁and ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁ ▁Early ▁years ▁Bill ▁Las key ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Ann ▁Ar bor , ▁Michigan ▁and ▁attended ▁Milan ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁Milan , ▁Michigan . ▁ ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan ▁Las key ▁en rolled ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁and ▁played ▁college ▁football ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁position ▁for ▁head ▁coach ▁B ump ▁Elli ott ' s ▁Michigan ▁Wol ver ines ▁football ▁teams ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁to ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁seasons , ▁Las key ▁caught ▁nine ▁passes ▁for ▁ 1 1 8 ▁yards ▁and ▁one ▁touch down . ▁ ▁Professional ▁football ▁Las key ▁later ▁played ▁professional ▁football ▁as ▁a ▁line back er ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Football ▁League ▁( AF L ) ▁for ▁the ▁Buff alo ▁B ills ▁( 1 9 6 5 ) ▁and ▁Oak land ▁Ra iders ▁( 1 9 6 6 - 1 9 6 9 ) ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁( N FL ) ▁for ▁the ▁Ra iders ▁( 1 9 7 0 ), ▁Baltimore ▁Col ts ▁( 1 9 7 1 - 1 9 7 2 ) ▁and ▁Den ver ▁Bron cos ▁( 1 9 7 3 - 1 9 7 4 ). ▁He ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁Pro ▁Bowl ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁and |
▁was ▁selected ▁by ▁the ▁New sp aper ▁Enter prise ▁Association ▁( NE A ) ▁as ▁a ▁second - team ▁All - AF L ▁player ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 7 . ▁Over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁a ▁ 1 0 - year ▁NFL ▁career , ▁Las key ▁appeared ▁in ▁ 1 1 9 ▁games , ▁ 4 5 ▁as ▁a ▁st arter , ▁and ▁had ▁seven ▁inter ception s ▁and ▁eight ▁f umble ▁recover ies . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Ann ▁Ar bor , ▁Michigan ▁Category : American ▁football ▁line back ers ▁Category : Mich igan ▁Wol ver ines ▁football ▁players ▁Category : B uff alo ▁B ills ▁players ▁Category : O ak land ▁Ra iders ▁players ▁Category : B alt imore ▁Col ts ▁players ▁Category : Den ver ▁Bron cos ▁players ▁Category : American ▁Football ▁League ▁All - Star ▁players ▁Category : American ▁Football ▁League ▁champions ▁Category : American ▁Football ▁League ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁De on ▁Saf fer y , ▁( born ▁ 2 8 ▁January ▁ 1 9 8 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁squ ash ▁player ▁who ▁represented ▁England ▁as ▁a ▁junior ▁and ▁Wales ▁as ▁a ▁senior . ▁She ▁reached ▁a ▁career - high ▁world ▁ranking ▁of ▁no . ▁ 4 2 ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Wel sh ▁female ▁squ ash ▁players ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 1 9 8 |
8 ▁birth s <0x0A> </s> ▁And iz han ▁Airport ▁ ▁is ▁an ▁air port ▁serving ▁And ij an ▁( also ▁sp elled ▁And ij an ), ▁the ▁capital ▁city ▁of ▁the ▁And ij an ▁Region ▁in ▁U z bek istan . ▁▁ 9 th ▁Gu ards ▁F ighter ▁A viation ▁Regiment ▁P VO ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Air ▁Def ence ▁Forces ▁arrived ▁at ▁the ▁air port ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁and ▁was ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁the ▁Military ▁of ▁U z bek istan ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 2 . ▁From ▁ 4 . 8 6 ▁to ▁Oct ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁it ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁ 1 5 th ▁Air ▁Def ence ▁Division ▁( 1 2 th ▁Air ▁Def ence ▁Army ). ▁ ▁Fac ilities ▁The ▁air port ▁res ides ▁at ▁an ▁elev ation ▁of ▁ ▁above ▁mean ▁sea ▁level . ▁It ▁has ▁one ▁run way ▁designated ▁ 0 4 / 2 2 ▁with ▁a ▁concrete ▁surface ▁meas uring ▁. ▁ ▁Airlines ▁and ▁destin ations ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁the ▁bus iest ▁air ports ▁in ▁the ▁former ▁USS R ▁Transport ation ▁in ▁U z bek istan ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Airport ▁diagram ▁for ▁U T FA ▁▁▁ ▁Category : A ir ports ▁in ▁U z bek istan ▁Category : And ij an <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Sun ▁Com es ▁Up ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁Metro - G old w yn - M ayer ▁Techn icol or ▁picture ▁with ▁L ass ie . ▁Jean ette |
▁Mac Donald ▁had ▁been ▁off ▁the ▁screen ▁for ▁five ▁years ▁until ▁her ▁return ▁in ▁Three ▁D aring ▁D augh ters ▁( 1 9 4 8 ), ▁but ▁The ▁Sun ▁Com es ▁Up ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁her ▁last . ▁In ▁it , ▁she ▁had ▁to ▁share ▁the ▁screen ▁not ▁with ▁an ▁up - and - coming ▁younger ▁actress ▁but ▁with ▁a ▁very ▁popular ▁animal ▁star . ▁Although ▁her ▁retre at ▁from ▁a ▁film ▁career ▁can ▁be ▁bl amed ▁largely ▁on ▁an ▁increasing ly ▁deb il it ating ▁heart ▁a il ment ▁( which ▁eventually ▁took ▁her ▁life ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 6 1 ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 ), ▁Mac Donald ▁continued ▁to ▁make ▁concert ▁and ▁TV ▁appearances ▁after ▁this . ▁Her ▁last ▁radio ▁performance ▁was ▁a ▁broadcast ▁version ▁of ▁this ▁same ▁story ▁on ▁Screen ▁Gu ild ▁Theater ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 0 . ▁ ▁Plot ▁Ex - opera ▁singer ▁Helen ▁Lor field ▁Winter ▁( Jean ette ▁Mac Donald ) ▁r ents ▁a ▁house ▁in ▁the ▁small ▁town ▁of ▁Br ush y ▁G ap , ▁in ▁the ▁hills ▁not ▁too ▁far ▁from ▁the ▁Sm ok ies , ▁Blue ▁R idge , ▁and ▁Atlanta ▁Georgia ▁with ▁her ▁dog , ▁L ass ie , ▁after ▁the ▁trag ic ▁death ▁of ▁her ▁son . ▁There ▁she ▁be fri ends ▁Jerry , ▁a ▁young ▁or phan ▁( Cla ude ▁Jar man ▁Jr .). ▁G row ing ▁attached ▁to ▁Jerry , ▁but ▁not ▁wanting ▁children ▁so ▁soon ▁after ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁her ▁own ▁son , |
▁Helen ▁leaves ▁Br ush y ▁G ap ▁to ▁res ume ▁her ▁singing ▁career . ▁While ▁she ▁is ▁away , ▁Jerry ▁is ▁caught ▁in ▁heavy ▁rain ▁returning ▁L ass ie ▁home ▁and ▁develop s ▁p neum onia . ▁Helen ▁returns ▁to ▁Br ush y ▁G ap ▁to ▁find ▁the ▁owner ▁of ▁the ▁house , ▁Thomas ▁Ch and ler ▁( L loyd ▁N olan ), ▁n urs ing ▁Jerry ▁back ▁to ▁health . ▁So on ▁after ▁Jerry ▁has ▁recovered , ▁the ▁or phan age ▁catch es ▁on ▁fire , ▁and ▁L ass ie ▁and ▁Tom ▁both ▁rescue ▁Jerry ▁from ▁the ▁bla ze . ▁Helen ▁then ▁dec ides ▁to ▁adopt ▁Jerry ▁and ▁remain ▁in ▁Br ush y ▁G ap . ▁ ▁Main ▁cast ▁ ▁Pal ▁( cred ited ▁as ▁" L ass ie ") ▁as ▁L ass ie ▁ ▁Jean ette ▁Mac Donald ▁as ▁Helen ▁Lor field ▁Winter ▁▁ ▁Lloyd ▁N olan ▁as ▁Thomas ▁I . ▁Ch and ler ▁▁ ▁Claude ▁Jar man ▁Jr . ▁as ▁Jerry ▁▁ ▁Lewis ▁Stone ▁as ▁Arthur ▁N orton ▁▁ ▁Per cy ▁Kil b ride ▁as ▁Mr . ▁Will ie ▁B . ▁Will iego od ▁▁ ▁Nicholas ▁Joy ▁as ▁Victor ▁Al v ord ▁▁ ▁Margaret ▁Hamilton ▁as ▁Mrs . ▁Gol ight ly ▁▁ ▁Hope ▁Land in ▁as ▁Mrs . ▁Pope ▁▁ ▁Est her ▁Som ers ▁as ▁Susan , ▁the ▁ma id ▁ ▁Production ▁Part s ▁of ▁The ▁Sun ▁Com es ▁Up ▁were ▁fil med ▁in ▁Glen wood , ▁California , ▁and ▁l umber ▁from ▁the ▁set ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁build ▁the |
▁last ▁town ▁post ▁office . ▁ ▁Music ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Film ▁Sc ore ▁Month ly ▁released ▁the ▁complete ▁scores ▁of ▁the ▁seven ▁L ass ie ▁feature ▁films ▁released ▁by ▁M GM ▁between ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁El mer ▁Bern stein ’ s ▁score ▁for ▁It ' s ▁a ▁Dog ' s ▁Life ▁( 1 9 5 5 ) ▁in ▁the ▁CD ▁collection : ▁L ass ie ▁Come ▁Home : ▁The ▁Can ine ▁Cinema ▁Collection , ▁limited ▁to ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁copies . ▁▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁era ▁when ▁these ▁scores ▁were ▁recorded , ▁nearly ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁music ▁master s ▁have ▁been ▁lost ▁so ▁the ▁scores ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁re construct ed ▁and ▁restored ▁from ▁the ▁best ▁available ▁sources , ▁mainly ▁the ▁Music ▁and ▁Effect s ▁tracks ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁mon a ural ▁ ¼ ″ ▁t apes . ▁ ▁The ▁score ▁for ▁The ▁Sun ▁Com es ▁Up ▁was ▁composed ▁by ▁André ▁Pre vin . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁for ▁The ▁Sun ▁Com es ▁Up ▁( Dis c ▁ 4 ) ▁ ▁Main ▁Title */ New ▁Tr ick ▁for ▁L ass ie */ H ank ’ s ▁Death * ▁- ▁ 2 : 5 3 ▁ ▁Helen ▁Le aves ▁Her ▁Home */ S leep ▁in ▁the ▁Car */ Sc en ery */ R abb its ▁for ▁R ent */ That ’ s ▁a ▁B arg ain * ▁- ▁ 4 : 2 7 ▁ ▁I ▁Had ▁a ▁Boy |
*/ J er ry ’ s ▁W ages * ▁- ▁ 2 : 0 3 ▁ ▁A do ption * ▁ 0 : 4 4 ▁ ▁Long ▁Walk */ T ears ▁for ▁Two */ L ass ie ▁H erd s ▁the ▁C ows * ▁- ▁ 4 : 2 8 ▁ ▁Storm ▁Over ▁Jerry */ H elen ▁Me ets ▁Tom */ I ’ m ▁Go ing ▁to ▁Man ville */ P neum onia * ▁- ▁ 4 : 2 3 ▁ ▁I ▁Always ▁E at ▁It */ I ▁Can ’ t ▁Take ▁Jerry ▁A way */ F are ▁You ▁Well * ▁- ▁ 4 : 4 9 ▁ ▁Tom ▁& ▁Jerry * ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 5 ▁ ▁Jerry ▁R uns ▁A way */ One ▁Dog ’ s ▁Family ▁& ▁End ▁Title */ End ▁Cast ▁- ▁ 2 : 0 6 ▁▁ ▁Bon us ▁tracks ▁ ▁T es ▁Ye ux ▁( R en é ▁Rab ey ) ▁ 0 : 5 1 ▁ ▁Un ▁Bel ▁Di ▁( G ia como ▁Pu cc ini ) ▁ 3 : 3 3 ▁ ▁Songs ▁My ▁Mother ▁T aught ▁Me ▁( Ant on ín ▁D vo ř ák ) ▁ 1 : 0 9 ▁ ▁C ousin ▁Eb ene e zer ▁( Pre vin – Will iam ▁K atz ) ▁ 1 : 1 3 ▁ ▁If ▁You ▁W ere ▁Mine ▁( Pre vin – K atz ) ▁ 1 : 4 6 ▁ ▁Tom ▁& ▁Jerry * † ▁( film ▁version ) ▁ 3 : |
3 3 ▁ ▁Jerry ▁R uns ▁A way * † / One ▁Dog ’ s ▁Family ▁& ▁End ▁Title * † / End ▁Cast ▁( film ▁version ) ▁- ▁ 2 : 0 6 ▁▁ ▁Cont ains ▁Sound ▁Effect s ▁ ▁† Contains ▁Dialog ue ▁▁ ▁Total ▁Time : ▁ 4 3 : 7 1 ▁ ▁Re ception ▁According ▁to ▁M GM ▁records ▁the ▁film ▁earned ▁$ 2 , 0 4 4 , 0 0 0 ▁at ▁the ▁box ▁office , ▁resulting ▁in ▁a ▁loss ▁of ▁$ 5 4 9 , 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁DVD ▁release ▁On ▁November ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁The ▁Sun ▁Com es ▁Up ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁DVD ▁through ▁the ▁Warner ▁Archive . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Met ro - G old w yn - M ayer ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 4 9 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 4 0 s ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films ▁Category : American ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : English - language ▁films ▁Category : L ass ie ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁Thor pe ▁Category : Fil ms ▁shot ▁in ▁California ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁André ▁Pre vin ▁Category : Fil ms ▁with ▁screen plays ▁by ▁William ▁Ludwig <0x0A> </s> ▁Philadel ph o ▁M enez es ▁( born ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁in ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brazil , ▁died ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁following ▁a ▁car ▁accident ). ▁Brazil ian ▁poet , |
▁visual ▁poet , ▁pione er ▁of ▁new ▁media ▁poetry , ▁professor ▁in ▁the ▁Communic ation ▁and ▁Sem i ology ▁post - grad u ation ▁program ▁at ▁the ▁Pont ific al ▁University ▁of ▁São ▁Paulo . ▁He ▁performed ▁research ▁for ▁his ▁post - grad uate ▁degree ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Bolog na , ▁in ▁Italy ▁( 1 9 9 0 ). ▁With ▁Brazil ian ▁artist ▁Wil ton ▁A ze ved o ▁Phil ade ph o ▁M enez es ▁created ▁a ▁pione er ▁inter media - po etry ▁CD - ROM : ▁" Inter Po esia . ▁Po esia ▁Hi per mid ia ▁Inter ativa " ▁( 1 9 9 8 ). ▁In ▁Italy ▁he ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁the ▁first ▁net - po etry ▁project : ▁Kar en ina . it , ▁by ▁Italian ▁artist ▁C ater ina ▁Dav in io . ▁ ▁Publications ▁His ▁doctor ate ▁th esis ▁was ▁published ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁" The ▁Cris es ▁of ▁the ▁Past : ▁Modern ity , ▁Post - Mod ern ity , ▁Meta - Mod ern ity ." ▁He ▁published ▁his ▁first ▁book ▁of ▁po ems , ▁" 4 ▁ach ados ▁constru íd os " ▁( four ▁found ▁and ▁built ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 . ▁Other ▁publications ▁are : ▁Po emas ▁ 1 9 8 0 - 1 9 8 2 ▁(" Po ems ▁ 1 9 8 0 - 1 9 8 2 ") ▁( 1 9 8 4 ) ▁Dem oli ções ▁( ou ▁po emas ▁ar it m ét icos |
) ▁[ D em ol itions ▁( or ▁arithmetic ▁po ems ) ], ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Po etry ▁and ▁Visual ization : ▁Contempor ary ▁Brazil ian ▁Po etry , ▁book ▁ess ay , ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁Po esia ▁Son ora ▁– ▁Po ét icas ▁experiment ais ▁da ▁voz ▁no ▁Sé culo ▁XX . ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁ED UC , ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁Po et ics ▁and ▁new ▁techn ologies ▁of ▁communication : ▁a ▁semi otic ▁approach " ▁in ▁Face . ▁Rev ista ▁de ▁Sem ió t ica ▁e ▁Comun ica ção , ▁D . 1 , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Po esia ▁In ters ign os - Do ▁Im press o ▁ao ▁Son oro ▁e ▁ao ▁Digital . ▁In : ▁Ex pos ição , ▁Po esia ▁Son ora , ▁Sem in ário . ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Pa ço ▁das ▁Ar tes ▁da ▁Univers idade ▁de ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Po esia ▁inter sign os , ▁Tim bre , ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁ ▁CD ▁Rom ▁Po esia ▁son ora ▁( do ▁fon et ismo ▁à s ▁po ét icas ▁cont em po â ne as ▁da ▁voz ), ▁L LS , ▁Un iv . ▁Cat ol ica ▁de ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Inter po esia ▁( Po esia ▁Hi per mid ia ▁Inter ativa ), ▁P UC - SP ▁y ▁Un iv . ▁Pres b iter iana ▁Mack en zie |
, ▁ 1 9 9 7 – 9 8 ▁ ▁Cultural ▁Fest iv als ▁He ▁organized ▁important ▁cultural ▁festiv als ▁about ▁international ▁experimental ▁poetry , ▁new ▁media ▁poetry , ▁avant - g ard es , ▁such ▁as : ▁" S on orous ▁Po etry : ▁Ex perimental ▁Po etry ▁of ▁the ▁Vo ice ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁Century " ▁( 1 9 9 2 ) ▁" Inter - Sign ▁Po etry " ▁( 1 9 8 5 ) ▁the ▁" Intern ational ▁Show ▁of ▁Visual ▁Po etry ▁of ▁São ▁Paulo " ▁( 1 9 8 8 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Philadel ph o ▁M enez es , ▁Po esia ▁Son ora ▁– ▁Po ét icas ▁experiment ais ▁da ▁voz ▁no ▁Sé culo ▁XX . ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁ED UC , ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁ ▁Philadel ph o ▁M enez es , ▁" Po et ics ▁and ▁new ▁techn ologies ▁of ▁communication : ▁a ▁semi otic ▁approach " ▁in ▁" Face . ▁Rev ista ▁de ▁Sem ió t ica ▁e ▁Comun ica ção ", ▁D . 1 , ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁site : ▁[ www . p uc sp ▁br /~ cos - p uc / face ] ▁ ▁Philadel ph o ▁M enez es , ▁" Po esia ▁In ters ign os - Do ▁Im press o ▁ao ▁Son oro ▁e ▁ao ▁Digital ". ▁In : ▁" Ex pos ição , ▁Po esia ▁Son ora ", ▁Sem in ário . ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Pa ço ▁das |
▁Ar tes ▁da ▁Univers idade ▁de ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁ ▁Philadel ph o ▁M enez es ▁- ▁Po esia ▁In ters ign os , ▁Tim bre , ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁ ▁C ater ina ▁Dav in io , ▁T ec no - Po esia ▁e ▁real t à ▁virtual i ▁( T ech no - Po etry ▁and ▁Virtual ▁Real ities ), ▁Mant ova ▁( I ), ▁Som etti ▁Pub l ., ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁ ▁" Gu ia ▁para ▁la ▁lect ura ▁de ▁la ▁po esia ▁inter sign os ", ▁en ▁comp il ación ▁de ▁César ▁Esp in osa ▁Sign os ▁Cor ros ivos , ▁Ed . ▁F actor , ▁Ciudad ▁de ▁México , ▁México , 1 9 8 7 ▁ ▁" U ma ▁ab ord agem ▁tip olog ica ▁da ▁po esia ▁visual ", ▁en ▁cat á logo ▁I ▁Most ra ▁Internacional ▁de ▁Po es ía ▁Visual ▁de ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Nobel , ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁ ▁Po et ica ▁e ▁visual idad ▁( uma ▁tra jet ória ▁da ▁po es ía ▁brasile ña ▁contempor á nea ), ▁Editor a ▁da ▁UN IC AMP , ▁Camp inas , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁ ▁Po et ics ▁and ▁Visual ity , ▁San ▁Diego ▁State ▁University ▁Press , ▁San ▁Diego , ▁California , ▁USA , ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁Trad . ▁Harry ▁Pol kin horn ▁ ▁" |
B raz ilian ▁Visual ▁Po etry ", ▁en ▁revista ▁" Visible ▁Language ", ▁vol . ▁ 2 7 , ▁nr . ▁ 4 , ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁School ▁of ▁Language , ▁Prov idence , ▁USA , ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁ ▁" El ▁experimental ismo ▁poet ico ▁modern o ▁( Po es ía ▁visual : ▁en ▁bus ca ▁del ▁arte ▁actual )", ▁cap ít ulo ▁V ▁del ▁libro ▁A ▁cr ise ▁do ▁pass ado . ▁Modern idad , ▁v angu arda , ▁met am od ern idad , ▁Ed . ▁Exper imento , ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁ ▁R ote iro ▁de ▁le it ura : ▁po esia ▁con cre ta ▁e ▁visual , ▁Editor a ▁At ica , ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁ ▁" Po esia ▁inter sign os ▁( Do ▁impress o ▁ao ▁son oro ▁e ▁ao ▁digital )", ▁en ▁cat á logo ▁hom ón imo , ▁Pa ço ▁das ▁Ar tes , ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁ ▁CD ▁Rom ▁ ▁Ph j il adel ph o ▁M enez es , ▁Po esia ▁son ora ▁( do ▁fon et ismo ▁à s ▁po ét icas ▁cont em po â ne as ▁da ▁voz ), ▁L LS , ▁Un iv . ▁Cat ol ica ▁de ▁São ▁Paulo , ▁Brasil , 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁Philadel ph o ▁M enez es ▁y ▁Wil ton ▁A zer edo , ▁IN TER PO ES |
IA ▁( Po esia ▁Hi per mid ia ▁Inter ativa ), ▁P UC - SP ▁y ▁Un iv . ▁Pres b iter iana ▁Mack en zie , ▁ 1 9 9 7 – 9 8 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Review ▁▁▁ ▁Kar en ina . it ▁ ▁it , ▁en ▁ ▁Po e vis ioni ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁it ▁ ▁Art ▁Trib us ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Digital ▁poetry ▁ ▁Visual ▁poetry ▁ ▁Con crete ▁Po etry ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 0 ▁death s ▁Category : W rit ers ▁from ▁São ▁Paulo ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁male ▁po ets ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Brazil ian ▁po ets ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Brazil ian ▁male ▁writers <0x0A> </s> ▁Elizabeth ▁Web b ▁ ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁L iz zie ▁Web b , ▁British ▁exercise ▁TV ▁present er ▁Beth ▁Web b , ▁British ▁children ' s ▁author ▁Betty ▁Web b , ▁American ▁journalist ▁and ▁author ▁of ▁detect ive ▁books ▁L iz ▁Web b , ▁character ▁in ▁Te ach ers ▁( UK ▁TV ▁series ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Sign ific ant ▁law su its ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁are ▁described , ▁if ▁not ▁elsewhere , ▁here ▁( in ▁chron ological ▁order ). ▁ ▁Cons olid ations ▁of ▁stat ute ▁law ▁were ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 4 , ▁ 1 8 7 7 , ▁ 1 9 0 3 , ▁ 1 9 2 |
7 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 , ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁A ▁useful ▁" Index ▁to ▁the ▁Private ▁Act s ▁of ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick , ▁ 1 9 2 9 - 2 0 1 2 " ▁exists ▁at ▁the ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁branch ▁of ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Bar ▁Association . ▁For ▁early ▁history , ▁see ▁the ▁series ▁published ▁by ▁the ▁C ars well ▁Company : ▁Re ports ▁of ▁C ases ▁Det erm ined ▁by ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick . ▁ ▁Ges ner ▁v ▁C air ns ▁( 1 8 5 2 ) ▁ ▁Ges ner ▁maintained ▁that ▁C air ns ▁tres pass ed ▁the ▁property ▁le ased ▁by ▁the ▁former , ▁fel led ▁trees ▁on ▁it , ▁sp oli ated ▁it ▁and ▁ex prop ri ated ▁ 1 , 0 0 0 ▁tons ▁of ▁valuable ▁material . ▁Ges ner ▁maintained ▁the ▁material ▁to ▁be ▁as ph alt um , ▁while ▁C air ns ▁was ▁a ▁coal ▁min er . ▁The ▁def endant ▁was ▁evidently ▁permitted ▁to ▁mine ▁coal , ▁not ▁as ph alt um . ▁The ▁evidence ▁presented ▁to ▁the ▁j ury ▁was ▁of ▁a ▁technical ▁nature ▁and ▁regarded ▁the ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁material . ▁The ▁def endant ▁won ▁the ▁day . ▁ ▁Mah er ▁v ▁Town ▁Council ▁of ▁Port land ▁( 1 8 7 4 ) ▁ ▁Mah er ▁v ▁Town ▁Council ▁of ▁Port land ▁tested ▁the ▁constitution al ▁guarante es ▁for ▁denomin ational ▁schools ▁set ▁out ▁in ▁section |
▁ 9 3 ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁North ▁America ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 8 6 7 . ▁The ▁issue ▁was ▁whether ▁the ▁Common ▁School s ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 1 ▁in fr ing ed ▁the ▁guarantee ▁of ▁denomin ational ▁schools ▁set ▁out ▁in ▁section ▁ 9 3 ( 1 ). ▁ ▁Dow ▁v ▁Black ▁( 1 8 7 5 ) ▁ ▁Dow ▁v ▁Black ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁major ▁cases ▁exam ining ▁in ▁detail ▁the ▁division ▁of ▁powers ▁between ▁the ▁federal ▁Parliament ▁and ▁the ▁provincial ▁Legisl atures , ▁set ▁out ▁in ▁s . ▁ 9 1 ▁and ▁s . ▁ 9 2 ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁North ▁America ▁Act . ▁ ▁The ▁Car a quet ▁Ri ots ▁( 1 8 7 6 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Car a quet ▁Ri ots ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 5 ▁stem med ▁from ▁the ▁Common ▁School s ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 1 . ▁ ▁The ▁franc oph one ▁Catholic ▁cler gy ▁was ▁host ile ▁to ▁the ▁Act , ▁which ▁forb ade ▁religious ▁instruction ▁in ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁schools . ▁The ▁local ▁priest ▁in ▁Car a quet , ▁Joseph ▁Pel let ier , ▁and ▁local ▁representative ▁to ▁the ▁Legisl ative ▁Assembly , ▁ 3 1 - year - old ▁Thé ot ime ▁Bl anch ard , ▁were ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁Catholic ▁protest ▁strateg em ▁to ▁with hold ▁tax ▁mon ies ▁and ▁to ▁dis reg ard ▁local ▁elections ▁to ▁the ▁school ▁board . ▁In ▁the ▁British ▁North ▁American ▁system ▁of ▁government , ▁education ▁and ▁the |
▁school ▁bo ards ▁were ▁purely ▁a ▁local ▁concern , ▁with ▁the ▁province ▁supp lement ing ▁locally ▁determined ▁bud gets . ▁C ertain ▁Protest ants ▁in ▁Car a quet ▁held ▁to ▁the ▁system ▁as ▁directed ▁by ▁the ▁Crown ▁and ▁went ▁ahead ▁with ▁the ▁scheme ▁of ▁the ▁Act . ▁The ▁Catholic ▁strateg em ▁of ▁elect oral ▁non comp liance , ▁which ▁was ▁perce ived ▁as ▁der el iction , ▁was ▁singular ly ▁un success ful ▁and ▁led ▁directly ▁to ▁the ▁ri ots , ▁and ▁subsequent ▁violent ▁death ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁incident ▁of ▁one ▁Catholic ▁protest er ▁and ▁one ▁police ▁const able . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁after math , ▁the ▁ri ot ▁was ▁adj ud ic ated ▁as ▁R ▁v ▁Ma ill oux ▁et ▁al ., ▁while ▁the ▁murder ▁of ▁the ▁const able ▁was ▁reported ▁as ▁R ▁v ▁Chi ass on . ▁ ▁The ▁conv ict ions ▁were ▁appe aled ▁to ▁the ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Court ▁of ▁App e al ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 8 7 6 . ▁The ▁ver dict s ▁were ▁u ph eld ▁in ▁the ▁matter ▁of ▁the ▁ri ot , ▁but ▁later ▁vac ated ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁lap se ▁of ▁time ▁between ▁incident ▁and ▁conv iction . ▁ ▁The ▁conv iction ▁of ▁Chi ass on ▁was ▁vac ated ▁on ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁grounds . ▁ ▁Russell ▁v ▁R ▁( 1 8 8 2 ) ▁ ▁Russell ▁v ▁R ▁is ▁a ▁land mark ▁Priv y ▁Council ▁decision ▁regarding ▁the ▁interpretation ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁North ▁America ▁Act ▁ 1 8 6 7 , |
▁and ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁cases ▁explaining ▁the ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁peace , ▁order ▁and ▁good ▁government ▁power ▁in ▁Canadian ▁federal ism . ▁Specifically , ▁it ▁de alt ▁with ▁the ▁powers ▁of ▁Parliament ▁to ▁delegate ▁authority , ▁in ▁this ▁case ▁under ▁the ▁Canada ▁Tem per ance ▁Act , ▁to , ▁in ▁this ▁instance , ▁municipal ▁coun c ils . ▁ ▁R ▁v ▁Robert son ▁( 1 8 8 2 ) ▁ ▁The ▁federal ▁government ▁attempted ▁to ▁sell ▁a ▁fish ery ▁le ase ▁on ▁the ▁Mir am ichi ▁River . ▁ ▁At ▁issue ▁was ▁the ▁loc us ▁of ▁juris diction . ▁Section ▁ 9 1 ( 1 2 ) ▁of ▁the ▁Constitution ▁Act , ▁ 1 8 6 7 , ▁assign s ▁to ▁the ▁federal ▁Parliament ▁at ▁Ott awa ▁exclusive ▁legisl ative ▁authority ▁over ▁Sea ▁Coast ▁and ▁In land ▁Fish eries . ▁Although ▁it ▁was ▁initially ▁believed ▁that ▁the ▁federal ▁government ▁had ▁exclusive ▁juris diction ▁over ▁all ▁fish eries ▁throughout ▁Canada , ▁it ▁was ▁found ▁here ▁that ▁section ▁ 9 1 ( 1 2 ) ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁the ▁effect ▁of ▁transfer ring ▁ownership ▁of ▁the ▁b eds ▁of ▁fresh water ▁rivers ▁and ▁la kes ▁to ▁the ▁federal ▁government . ▁The ▁fish eries ▁authority ▁v ested ▁in ▁Parliament ▁ends ▁where ▁provincial ▁authority ▁over ▁property ▁and ▁civil ▁rights ▁begins , ▁unless ▁an ▁enc ro achment ▁is ▁essential ▁to ▁the ▁effect iveness ▁of ▁federal ▁legisl ation . ▁Under ▁ancient ▁British ▁fish eries ▁law , ▁rights ▁to ▁fish ▁in ▁tid al ▁waters ▁were ▁of ▁a ▁fund |
ament ally ▁different ▁legal ▁character ▁from ▁rights ▁to ▁fish ▁in ▁in land ▁or ▁non - tid al ▁waters . ▁The ▁former ▁were ▁public ▁rights ▁v ested ▁in ▁the ▁Crown ▁as ▁par ens ▁pat ria e ▁for ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁public ▁and ▁could ▁have ▁no ▁new ▁private ▁owner ▁after ▁Mag na ▁Chart a . ▁The ▁latter , ▁which ▁were ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁property , ▁required ▁an ▁owner ▁and ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁v ested ▁in ▁the ▁public ▁generally . ▁In ▁determ ining ▁the ▁respective ▁juris dict ions ▁of ▁Parliament ▁and ▁the ▁provinces , ▁the ▁court ▁seized ▁on ▁the ▁distinction ▁between ▁fish ing ▁as ▁a ▁public ▁right ▁and ▁fish ing ▁as ▁a ▁propriet ary ▁right . ▁In ▁the ▁Provin cial ▁Fish eries ▁Reference , ▁the ▁Jud icial ▁Committee ▁of ▁the ▁Priv y ▁Council ▁distinguished ▁between ▁rights ▁of ▁property ▁and ▁legisl ative ▁juris diction , ▁holding ▁that ▁section ▁ 9 1 ▁con ferred ▁the ▁latter ▁on ▁the ▁federal ▁Parliament ▁and ▁that ▁only ▁the ▁provinces ▁were ▁compet ent ▁to ▁deal ▁with ▁the ▁private ▁right ▁of ▁fish eries ▁in ▁in land ▁waters ▁under ▁section ▁ 9 2 ( 5 ), ▁Management ▁and ▁S ale ▁of ▁Public ▁Land s , ▁or ▁under ▁section ▁ 9 2 ( 1 3 ), ▁Property ▁and ▁Civil ▁Rights . ▁Since ▁such ▁" leg isl ation ▁de als ▁directly ▁with ▁property , ▁its ▁dispos al , ▁and ▁the ▁rights ▁to ▁be ▁enjoyed ▁in ▁respect ▁of ▁it ", ▁it ▁does ▁not ▁fall ▁under ▁section ▁ 9 1 ( 1 2 ). ▁As ▁a ▁result , |
▁the ▁Province ▁was ▁entitled ▁to ▁allocate ▁the ▁resource ; ▁that ▁is , ▁to ▁decide ▁who ▁may ▁fish , ▁how ▁much ▁may ▁be ▁har v ested ▁per ▁person , ▁and ▁where ▁the ▁har vest ing ▁may ▁occur . ▁It ▁could ▁do ▁this ▁through ▁the ▁issu ing ▁of ▁lic ences , ▁through ▁its ▁own ▁legisl ation ▁and ▁through ▁property ▁transactions . ▁The ▁federal ▁government ▁retained ▁the ▁right ▁in ▁in land ▁waters ▁to ▁preserve , ▁protect ▁and ▁manage ▁the ▁fish eries . ▁This ▁included ▁the ▁right ▁to ▁set ▁the ▁maximum ▁amount ▁of ▁fish ▁to ▁be ▁har v ested , ▁and ▁to ▁imp ose ▁g ear ▁restrictions ▁and ▁limitations ▁on ▁locations . ▁The ▁federal ▁government ▁also ▁retained ▁the ▁right ▁to ▁legisl ate ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁the ▁protection ▁of ▁fish ▁habitat ▁and ▁waters ▁frequ ented ▁by ▁fish . ▁ ▁Despite ▁the ▁federal ▁Parliament ' s ▁in ability ▁to ▁legisl ate ▁respect ing ▁property ▁and ▁civil ▁rights , ▁the ▁Priv y ▁Council ▁in ▁the ▁Provin cial ▁Fish eries ▁Reference ▁made ▁it ▁clear ▁that ▁if ▁federal ▁legisl ation ▁is ▁truly ▁legisl ation ▁respect ing ▁fish eries ▁it ▁may ▁power fully ▁affect ▁propriet ary ▁rights . ▁ ▁The ▁result ▁of ▁this ▁case ▁was ▁prof ound . ▁The ▁ 2 5 th ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Legisl ature ▁passed ▁The ▁Fish eries ▁Act ▁and ▁An ▁Act ▁to ▁provide ▁for ▁the ▁Survey , ▁Res ervation ▁and ▁Prote ction ▁of ▁L umber ▁Land s . ▁The ▁latter ▁Act ▁created ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁a ▁private ▁fish ing ▁reserve , ▁let ▁from ▁the ▁provincial ▁Crown , |
▁and ▁protected ▁by ▁game ▁w ard ens ▁who ▁had ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁commence ▁the ▁process ▁of ▁ga ol ing ▁off enders . ▁ ▁Mar itime ▁Bank ▁Li qu id ators ▁v ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁( 1 8 8 9 ) ▁ ▁This ▁case ▁decided ▁that ▁the ▁( Pro vin cial ) ▁Crown ▁was ▁entitled ▁to ▁superior ▁status ▁in ▁mon ies ▁on ▁demand ▁depos it ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁other ▁credit ors ▁in ▁the ▁liquid ation ▁of ▁a ▁bank . ▁Lord ▁Watson : ▁ ▁AG ▁v ▁AG ▁( 1 9 0 4 ) ▁ ▁With ▁the ▁acc ession ▁to ▁the ▁Domin ion ▁of ▁several ▁new ▁provinces ▁after ▁ 1 9 0 0 , ▁the ▁Att or ne ys - General ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁and ▁of ▁Prince ▁Edward ▁Island ▁had ▁suit ▁against ▁the ▁AG ▁Canada ▁for ▁interpret ations ▁dis f av ou rable ▁to ▁their ▁elect ors . ▁ ▁Saint ▁John ▁Pil ot ▁Commission ers ▁v ▁C umber land ▁Railway ▁( 1 9 0 9 ) ▁ ▁Whether ▁the ▁C umber land ▁Railway ▁and ▁Co al ▁Company ▁were ▁li able ▁to ▁the ▁pred ations ▁of ▁the ▁Saint ▁John ▁Pil ot ▁Commission ers ▁was ▁the ▁case ▁in ▁issue ▁here . ▁ ▁R ▁v ▁Marsh , ▁Ex ▁parte ▁Walker ▁( 1 9 0 9 ) ▁ ▁In ▁R ▁v ▁Marsh , ▁Ex ▁parte ▁Walker ▁( 1 9 0 9 ), ▁ 3 9 ▁N BR ▁ 3 2 9 , ▁the ▁def endant ▁was ▁a ▁station ▁agent ▁of ▁the ▁Inter colon ial ▁Railway ▁at ▁Freder |
ic ton . ▁He ▁was ▁conv icted ▁under ▁the ▁Canada ▁Tem per ance ▁Act ▁of ▁an ▁off ence ▁of ▁w are h ous ing ▁and ▁keeping ▁for ▁delivery ▁a ▁quantity ▁of ▁into xic ating ▁liqu or ▁brought ▁into ▁the ▁railway ▁station ▁by ▁the ▁Inter colon ial ▁Railway , ▁while ▁acting ▁as ▁a ▁servant ▁of ▁the ▁railway , ▁a ▁public ▁work ▁owned ▁and ▁operated ▁by ▁the ▁Crown ▁in ▁right ▁of ▁Canada . ▁It ▁was ▁held ▁that ▁the ▁Crown , ▁not ▁being ▁express ly ▁mentioned ▁in ▁the ▁Canada ▁Tem per ance ▁Act , ▁was ▁not ▁bound ▁thereby ▁and ▁therefore ▁its ▁station ▁agent , ▁acting ▁in ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁his ▁duty , ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁conv icted ▁of ▁the ▁off ence . ▁ ▁In gle wood ▁v ▁N B ▁Power ▁( 1 9 2 8 ) ▁ ▁In gle wood ▁v ▁N B ▁Power , ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁Jud icial ▁Committee ▁of ▁the ▁Priv y ▁Council ▁aff ir med ▁the ▁judgment ▁of ▁the ▁N B ▁Supreme ▁Court , ▁de alt ▁with ▁the ▁interest ▁pay able ▁on ▁ex prop ri ation , ▁and ▁whether ▁or ▁not ▁the ▁loss ▁of ▁game ▁to ▁h unt ▁were ▁action able . ▁ ▁King ▁v ▁Ass ess ors ▁of ▁Bath urst ▁County ▁( 1 9 2 8 ) ▁ ▁The ▁issue ▁of ▁whether ▁or ▁not ▁school ▁tax es ▁lev ied ▁by ▁a ▁county ▁were ▁pay able ▁by ▁an ▁employ er ▁of ▁significant ▁size ▁was ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁King ▁v ▁Ass ess ors ▁of ▁Bath urst ▁County , ▁ex ▁parte ▁Bath urst ▁Company |
▁Ltd . ▁The ▁King ▁( in ▁effect , ▁the ▁corpor ation ) ▁asked ▁whether ▁the ▁county ▁was ▁right ▁to ▁assess ▁tax es ▁in ▁the ▁amount ▁it ▁did . ▁The ▁court ▁answered ▁in ▁the ▁aff irm ative ▁but ▁several ▁months ▁later ▁the ▁corpor ation ▁began ▁vel vet ▁black mail ▁and ▁the ▁government ▁c aved ▁and ▁brought ▁in ▁new ▁legisl ation . ▁ ▁R ▁v ▁Le Bl anc ▁( 1 9 3 0 ) ▁ ▁In ▁R ▁v ▁Le Bl anc ▁( 1 9 3 0 ), ▁ 1 ▁M PR ▁ 2 1 , ▁acting ▁in ▁ob ed ience ▁to ▁his ▁instructions , ▁a ▁road ▁super visor ▁stored ▁dynam ite ▁belonging ▁to ▁the ▁Crown ▁in ▁the ▁right ▁of ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁contrary ▁to ▁the ▁Ex pl os ives ▁Act , ▁R SC ▁ 1 9 2 7 , ▁c . ▁ 6 2 , ▁an ▁Act ▁not ▁made ▁binding ▁on ▁the ▁provincial ▁Crown . ▁The ▁conv iction ▁of ▁the ▁Crown ' s ▁servant , ▁acting ▁in ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁his ▁employ ment ▁which ▁was ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁a ▁public ▁work , ▁was ▁set ▁aside . ▁The ▁servant ▁was ▁held ▁ex cluded ▁from ▁the ▁prov isions ▁of ▁the ▁Ex pl os ives ▁Act ▁as ▁was ▁his ▁employ er , ▁the ▁Crown . ▁ ▁Pit re ▁v ▁R ▁( 1 9 3 2 ) ▁ ▁This ▁ 1 9 3 2 ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada ▁decision ▁confirmed ▁the ▁re - tri al ▁of ▁Pit re , ▁who ▁was ▁tried ▁for ▁murder , |
▁because ▁of ▁the ▁error ▁of ▁the ▁trial ▁judge , ▁upon ▁the ▁latter ' s ▁mis direction ▁of ▁the ▁j ury . ▁ ▁The ▁trial ▁judge ▁charged ▁the ▁j ury ▁in ▁such ▁a ▁way ▁as ▁to ▁give ▁the ▁impression ▁that ▁they ▁should ▁not ▁conv ict ▁on ▁the ▁un cor ro bor ated ▁evidence ▁of ▁an ▁accomp lice ▁and , ▁unless ▁they ▁found ▁cor ro bor ative ▁evidence , ▁their ▁duty ▁was ▁to ▁acqu it ; ▁that ▁this ▁was ▁a ▁mis direction ▁in ▁law ; ▁and , ▁under ▁the ▁circumstances , ▁probably ▁had ▁a ▁material ▁effect ▁upon ▁the ▁j ury ' s ▁minds . ▁ ▁The ▁j ury ▁should ▁be ▁told ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁within ▁their ▁legal ▁province ▁to ▁conv ict , ▁but ▁should ▁be ▁war ned ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁dangerous ▁to ▁conv ict , ▁and ▁may ▁be ▁ad vised ▁not ▁to ▁conv ict , ▁on ▁the ▁un cor ro bor ated ▁evidence ▁of ▁an ▁accomp lice . ▁R ex ▁v . ▁B ask er ville , ▁[ 1 9 1 6 ] ▁ 2 ▁K B . ▁ 6 5 8 ; ▁R ex ▁v . ▁Be eb e , ▁ 1 9 ▁Cr . ▁App . ▁R . ▁ 2 2 ; ▁G ou in ▁v . ▁The ▁King , ▁[ 1 9 2 6 ] ▁Can . ▁S . C . R . ▁ 5 3 9 , ▁and ▁other ▁cases ▁referred ▁to . ▁R inf ret , ▁Lam ont ▁and ▁Smith ▁J J . ▁held ▁that ▁the ▁trial ▁judge ▁had ▁right |
ly ▁refused ▁to ▁allow ▁the ▁evidence ▁of ▁a ▁certain ▁witness ▁as ▁to ▁certain ▁letters ▁being ▁in ▁app ell ant ' s ▁hand writing , ▁as ▁the ▁witness ’ ▁compet ency ▁to ▁test ify ▁in ▁that ▁regard ▁had ▁not ▁been ▁established ; ▁a ▁witness ▁may ▁be ▁compet ent ▁to ▁test ify ▁as ▁to ▁a ▁person ' s ▁hand writing ▁by ▁reason ▁of ▁having ▁become ▁familiar ▁with ▁his ▁hand writing ▁through ▁a ▁regular ▁correspond ence ; ▁but ▁in ▁the ▁present ▁case ▁the ▁evidence ▁to ▁establish ▁compet ency ▁did ▁not ▁she w ▁sufficient ▁to ▁const itute ▁a ▁" regular ▁correspond ence ." ▁ ▁Pit re ▁was ▁conv icted ▁at ▁the ▁re - tri al , ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁last ▁person ▁h anged ▁in ▁Bath urst , ▁the ▁sh ire ▁town ▁for ▁Gl ouc ester ▁County . ▁ ▁Atlantic ▁Sm oke ▁Sh ops ▁v ▁Con lon ▁( 1 9 4 3 ) ▁The ▁Tob acco ▁Tax ▁Act , ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁( N . B .), ▁c . ▁ 4 4 , ▁provides , ▁inter ▁al ia , ▁that ▁" every ▁consumer ▁of ▁to b acco ▁purchased ▁at ▁a ▁ret ail ▁sale ▁in ▁the ▁province ▁shall ▁pay ▁to " ▁the ▁province ▁" for ▁the ▁raising ▁of ▁a ▁re venue , ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁making ▁his ▁purchase , ▁a ▁tax ▁in ▁respect ▁of ▁the ▁consumption ▁of ▁such ▁to b acco " ▁( section ▁ 4 ); ▁and ▁the ▁Act ▁also ▁provides ▁that ▁" every ▁person ▁res iding ▁or ▁ordin arily ▁resident ▁or ▁carrying ▁on ▁business |
▁in " ▁the ▁province ▁" who ▁brings ▁into ▁the ▁province ▁or ▁who ▁receives ▁delivery ▁in ▁the ▁province ▁of ▁to b acco ▁for ▁his ▁own ▁consumption ▁or ▁for ▁the ▁consumption ▁of ▁other ▁persons ▁at ▁his ▁exp ense ▁or ▁on ▁beh alf ▁of ▁or ▁as ▁agent ▁for ▁a ▁principal ▁who ▁des ires ▁to ▁ac quire ▁such ▁to b acco ▁for ▁consumption ▁by ▁such ▁principal ▁or ▁other ▁persons ▁at ▁his ▁exp ense ▁* ▁* ▁* ▁shall ▁pay ▁the ▁same ▁tax ▁in ▁respect ▁of ▁the ▁consumption ▁of ▁such ▁to b acco " ▁( section ▁ 5 ). ▁Section ▁ 1 0 ▁provides ▁that ▁" a ▁consumer ▁shall ▁be ▁and ▁remain ▁li able ▁for ▁the ▁tax ▁im posed ▁by ▁the ▁Act ▁until ▁the ▁same ▁has ▁been ▁collected ." ▁Under ▁section ▁ 2 ▁( a ) ▁" consum er " ▁means ▁not ▁only ▁any ▁person ▁who ▁within ▁the ▁Province ▁purch ases ▁to b acco ▁for ▁his ▁own ▁consumption , ▁but ▁also ▁any ▁other ▁person ▁who ▁purch ases ▁to b acco ▁in ▁the ▁Province ▁as ▁agent ▁for ▁his ▁principal ▁who ▁des ires ▁to ▁ac quire ▁such ▁to b acco ▁for ▁consumption ▁by ▁such ▁principal . ▁It ▁was ▁also ▁en act ed ▁( section ▁ 3 ▁( 2 )) ▁that ▁only ▁ret ail ▁vend ors ▁lic ensed ▁under ▁the ▁Act ▁may ▁sell ▁to b acco ▁at ▁a ▁ret ail ▁sale ▁in ▁the ▁province . ▁Reg ulations ▁made ▁under ▁the ▁Act ▁by ▁Or ders ▁in ▁Council ▁were ▁declared ▁to ▁have ▁the ▁force ▁of ▁stat ute ▁( section ▁ 2 0 ▁( 2 |
)). ▁Reg ulation ▁ 6 ▁provides ▁that ▁" every ▁application ▁for ▁a ▁( ret ail ) ▁vendor ' s ▁license ▁* ▁* ▁* ▁shall ▁contain ▁an ▁undert aking ▁by ▁the ▁applic ant ▁to ▁collect ▁and ▁rem it ▁the ▁tax ▁* ▁* ▁* ▁and ▁shall ▁be ▁in ▁Form ▁ 2 "; ▁and ▁when ▁signing ▁that ▁Form , ▁the ▁applic ant ▁undert akes ▁" to ▁act ▁as ▁the ▁agent ▁of ▁the ▁Minister ▁for ▁the ▁collection ▁of ▁the ▁tax ▁* ▁* ▁* ▁and ▁to ▁account ▁to ▁the ▁province ▁* ▁* ▁* ▁for ▁all ▁m one ys ▁so ▁collected ." ▁ ▁App e al ▁was ▁made ▁to ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada , ▁where ▁the ▁majority ▁held ▁that ▁the ▁Act ▁was ▁within ▁the ▁constitution al ▁powers ▁of ▁the ▁province , ▁except ▁as ▁to ▁the ▁prov isions ▁making ▁the ▁agent , ▁who ▁bu ys ▁to b acco ▁for ▁his ▁principal ▁personally ▁li able ▁for ▁the ▁tax , ▁which ▁prov isions ▁were ▁de emed ▁to ▁be ▁sever able . ▁ ▁App e al ▁was ▁then ▁made ▁to ▁the ▁J CP C , ▁which ▁ad vised ▁His ▁Majesty ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁that ▁the ▁appeal ▁fails ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁Tob acco ▁Tax ▁Act , ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁is ▁in ▁all ▁respect s ▁a ▁valid ▁exercise ▁of ▁the ▁powers ▁of ▁the ▁legisl ature ▁of ▁the ▁province ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick . ▁The ▁order ▁of ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁must , ▁therefore , ▁be ▁varied ▁by ▁om itting ▁the ▁words ▁" with ▁the |
▁exception ▁of ▁the ▁prov isions ▁there of ▁making ▁the ▁agent ▁li able ▁for ▁the ▁tax ." ▁ ▁Bath urst ▁Ass ess ors ▁v ▁R ▁( 1 9 5 1 ) ▁ ▁A K A ▁the ▁ex ▁parte ▁su itor , ▁D ex ter ▁v ▁Gl ouc ester . ▁ ▁D ex ter ▁Const ruction ▁had ▁its ▁head ▁offices ▁in ▁ ▁Saint ▁John ▁County . ▁It ▁caused ▁to ▁be ▁ere cted ▁a ▁subs idi ary ▁in ▁Gl ouc ester ▁County . ▁It ▁considered ▁that ▁no ▁tax es ▁were ▁ow ing ▁in ▁Gl ouc ester ▁County , ▁on ▁account ▁of ▁the ▁R ates ▁and ▁Tax es ▁Act , ▁R . S . N . B . ▁ 1 9 2 7 , ▁c . ▁ 1 9 0 , ▁s . ▁ 2 0 . ▁The ▁Gl ouc ester ▁County ▁assess ors ▁differ ed , ▁and ▁obtained ▁a ▁judgment ▁that ▁val ued ▁the ▁property ▁at ▁$ 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 . ▁On ▁appeal ▁to ▁the ▁County ▁Court ▁Judge ▁the ▁latter ▁reduced ▁the ▁assess ment ▁to ▁$ 2 7 5 , 0 0 0 ▁but ▁otherwise ▁confirmed ▁it . ▁The ▁N B SC ▁found ▁for ▁D ex ter , ▁but ▁the ▁S CC ▁revers ed ▁the ▁court ▁below , ▁and ▁held ▁that ▁the ▁County ▁Court ▁Judge ▁was ▁correct . ▁ ▁G orton - P ew ▁( 1 9 5 1 - 2 ) ▁ ▁G orton - P ew ▁Fish eries , ▁Ltd ., ▁a ▁large ▁bu yer ▁of ▁fish ▁in ▁Gl ouc |
ester ▁County , ▁refused ▁to ▁pay ▁for ▁excess ▁weight ▁in ▁three ▁catch es ▁of ▁fish . ▁The ▁catch es , ▁when ▁we ighed , ▁were ▁found ▁to ▁contain ▁about ▁fifteen ▁per ▁cent ▁ice ▁and ▁tr ash . ▁When ▁the ▁union ▁allowed ▁only ▁a ▁dedu ction ▁of ▁five ▁per ▁cent , ▁G orton - P ew ▁with h eld ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁price . ▁Sub sequently , ▁b ids ▁by ▁G orton - P ew ▁were ▁not ▁recognized ▁in ▁the ▁union ▁s elling ▁rooms , ▁and ▁those ▁who ▁wanted ▁to ▁sell ▁to ▁them ▁were ▁threatened ▁with ▁a ▁black list ing ▁and ▁told ▁they ▁would ▁not ▁be ▁permitted ▁to ▁h ire ▁union ▁cre ws . ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁G orton - P ew ▁sought ▁to ▁de - cert ify ▁the ▁union , ▁but ▁was ▁denied ▁by ▁the ▁N B SC . ▁ ▁W inner ▁v ▁S MT ▁( E astern ) ▁Ltd ▁( 1 9 5 4 ) ▁ ▁W inner ▁v ▁S MT ▁( E astern ) ▁Ltd , ▁the ▁last ▁case ▁of ▁the ▁J CP C ▁that ▁affected ▁Canadian ▁constitution al ▁juris pr ud ence . ▁One ▁opinion ▁observed ▁that ▁citizens ▁were ▁free ▁to ▁move ▁across ▁provincial ▁borders ▁and ▁live ▁wherever ▁they ▁chose ▁to , ▁and ▁only ▁the ▁federal ▁government ▁could ▁limit ▁this ▁right . ▁ ▁N B ▁Electric ▁Power ▁Commission ▁v ▁Tob ique ▁Sal mon ▁Club ▁( 1 9 6 6 ) ▁ ▁The ▁N BE PC ▁was ▁de emed ▁li able ▁for ▁inj ur ious ▁affection ▁of ▁the |
▁sal mon ▁fish ing ▁rights ▁of ▁the ▁Club ▁by ▁reason ▁of ▁the ▁N BE PC ▁having , ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 3 , ▁constructed ▁a ▁dam ▁across ▁the ▁non - tid al ▁Tob ique ▁River ▁near ▁the ▁point ▁at ▁which ▁it ▁flows ▁into ▁the ▁Saint ▁John ▁River ▁and , ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 7 , ▁a ▁dam ▁across ▁the ▁Saint ▁John ▁River ▁at ▁Be ech wood , ▁four teen ▁miles ▁down stream ▁from ▁the ▁Tob ique ▁Dam ▁at ▁a ▁point ▁also ▁above ▁t ide ▁water . ▁ ▁No ▁comp uls ory ▁power ▁of ▁the ▁N BE PC ▁was ▁exerc ised ▁in ▁respect ▁of ▁any ▁land ▁or ▁fish ing ▁rights ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁Club . ▁No ▁entry ▁was ▁made ▁by ▁the ▁N BE PC ▁into ▁or ▁upon ▁any ▁lands ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁Club ▁owned ▁an ▁interest . ▁The ▁stat ut ory ▁li ability ▁created ▁by ▁the ▁Act ▁was ▁clear ▁to ▁the ▁Court , ▁and ▁hence ▁there ▁was ▁li ability ▁on ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁N BE PC ▁to ▁pay ▁compens ation ▁to ▁the ▁Club . ▁ ▁Bath urst ▁P aper ▁Limited ▁v . ▁Minister ▁of ▁Municipal ▁Affairs ▁of ▁N B ▁( 1 9 7 1 ) ▁ ▁Under ▁the ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act , ▁ 1 9 6 5 – 6 6 , ▁c . ▁ 1 1 0 , ▁as ▁am ended ▁by ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁c . ▁ 2 5 , ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁c . ▁ 1 5 |
, ▁the ▁power ▁plant ▁of ▁the ▁app ell ant ▁company ▁was ▁ass essed ▁for ▁tax ▁for ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁On ▁appeal ▁to ▁the ▁App e als ▁Trib unal ▁set ▁up ▁under ▁the ▁Act , ▁the ▁company ▁was ▁held ▁to ▁be ▁ex empt ▁under ▁s . ▁ 3 ▁of ▁An ▁Act ▁rel ating ▁to ▁Bath urst ▁Company , ▁Limited , ▁ 1 9 2 7 ▁( N . B .), ▁c . ▁ 7 5 , ▁which ▁Act ▁was ▁confirmed ▁by ▁An ▁Act ▁respect ing ▁Bath urst ▁P aper ▁Limited — Les ▁Pap eter ies ▁Bath urst ▁Lim it ée , ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁( N . B .), ▁c . ▁ 1 2 4 . ▁Section ▁ 1 8 ( 2 ) ▁of ▁the ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act ▁provided ▁for ▁the ▁continued ▁recognition ▁of ▁tax ▁con cess ions ▁enjoyed ▁before ▁November ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁On ▁a ▁further ▁appeal ▁to ▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁App e al , ▁the ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁Court ▁concluded ▁that ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁repe al ▁by ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁c . ▁ 1 5 , ▁s . ▁ 1 ( b ), ▁which ▁had ▁effect ▁as ▁of ▁January ▁ 1 , ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁of ▁par as . ▁( ii ) ▁and ▁( iv ) ▁of ▁s . ▁ 1 ( i ) ▁( where in ▁" tax ▁con cess ion " ▁was ▁defined ) ▁the ▁claim ▁of ▁exem ption |
▁failed . ▁Con sequently , ▁the ▁assess ment ▁was ▁restored . ▁The ▁company ▁then ▁appe aled ▁to ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada . ▁The ▁appeal ▁was ▁dismiss ed . ▁ ▁Minister ▁of ▁Municipal ▁Affairs ▁( N . B .) ▁v ▁Can ap ort ▁Ltd ▁( 1 9 7 5 ) ▁ ▁Res pond ent ' s ▁property ▁which ▁was ▁ass essed ▁as ▁" real ▁property " ▁consisted ▁of ▁an ▁oil ▁terminal ▁on ▁which ▁were ▁constructed ▁various ▁facilities ▁consisting ▁of ▁ten ▁w eld ed ▁steel ▁plate ▁t anks ▁for ▁storage ▁of ▁cru de ▁pet role um ▁each ▁having ▁ 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁bar rel ▁capacity , ▁a ▁ball ast ▁water ▁tank ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁bar rel ▁capacity , ▁a ▁water ▁tank ▁for ▁fire ▁fighting ▁purposes ▁and ▁various ▁other ▁t anks . ▁Res pond ent ▁alleg ed ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁entitled ▁to ▁a ▁" tax ▁con cess ion " ▁in ▁relation ▁to ▁these ▁properties ▁under ▁s . ▁ 1 8 ▁of ▁the ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act , ▁ 1 9 6 5 - 6 6 ▁( N . B .), ▁c . ▁ 1 1 0 , ▁by ▁virtue ▁of ▁being ▁a ▁subs idi ary ▁of ▁Ir ving ▁O il ▁Ref ining ▁Limited ▁and ▁entitled ▁to ▁the ▁con cess ion ▁con ferred ▁by ▁the ▁Ir ving ▁Ref ining ▁Limited ▁Act , ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁( N . B .), ▁c . ▁ 7 2 , ▁but ▁the ▁trial ▁judge ▁and ▁the ▁App e |
al ▁Division ▁were ▁both ▁satisfied ▁that ▁under ▁s . ▁ 1 8 ( 2 ) ▁of ▁the ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act ▁the ▁con cess ion ▁only ▁applied ▁to ▁companies ▁in ▁existence ▁before ▁November ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 1 9 6 5 , ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁respond ent , ▁incorpor ated ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 , ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁was ▁not ▁entitled ▁to ▁it . ▁There ▁were ▁further ▁concurrent ▁find ings ▁in ▁both ▁Cour ts ▁that ▁the ▁ten ▁t anks ▁were ▁structures ▁providing ▁shelter ▁for ▁move able ▁property ▁( i . e . ▁that ▁they ▁constit uted ▁" build ings " ▁and ▁fell ▁to ▁be ▁ass essed ▁as ▁" real ▁property " ▁within ▁the ▁meaning ▁of ▁s . ▁ 1 ( g )( ii ) ▁of ▁the ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act ) ▁but ▁that ▁they ▁came ▁within ▁the ▁ex clusion ▁in ▁s . ▁ 1 ( g )( v ). ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁a ▁declaration ▁was ▁granted ▁that ▁the ▁ten ▁t anks ▁were ▁not ▁" real ▁property " ▁within ▁the ▁meaning ▁of ▁the ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act ▁and ▁not ▁tax able ▁as ▁such ▁under ▁that ▁Act . ▁H eld : ▁The ▁appeal ▁should ▁be ▁allowed . ▁ ▁Ir ving ▁O il ▁Co ▁v ▁Minister ▁of ▁Municipal ▁Affairs ▁of ▁N B ▁( 1 9 7 5 ) ▁ ▁Ass ess ment ▁was ▁made ▁of ▁app ell ant ' s ▁property , ▁consisting ▁of ▁storage ▁t anks , ▁sub struct ures ▁and ▁associated ▁pip es ▁and ▁facilities , ▁on ▁the ▁assumption |
▁that ▁the ▁property ▁constit uted ▁‘ real ▁property ’ ▁within ▁the ▁meaning ▁of ▁s . ▁ 1 ▁( g ) ▁of ▁the ▁Ass ess ment ▁Act . ▁App ell ant ▁cont ended ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁Ac ad ian ▁P ulp ▁& ▁P aper ▁Ltd . ▁v . ▁Minister ▁of ▁Municipal ▁Affairs ▁( 1 9 7 3 ), ▁ 6 ▁N . B . R . ▁( 2 d ) ▁ 7 5 5 , ▁that ▁the ▁t anks ▁in ▁question ▁were ▁ex cluded ▁from ▁the ▁definition ▁of ▁‘ real ▁property ’ ▁as ▁being ▁‘ m ach in ery , ▁equipment , ▁appar atus ▁and ▁install ations ▁other ▁than ▁those ▁for ▁providing ▁services ▁to ▁buildings ▁or ▁mentioned ▁in ▁sub cla use ▁( ii ) ’ . ▁The ▁trial ▁judge ▁found ▁that ▁the ▁property ▁constit uted ▁‘ struct ures ▁which ▁provide ▁storage ▁and ▁shelter ▁for ▁mov able ▁property ’ ▁but ▁feeling ▁bound ▁by ▁Ac ad ian ▁P ulp ▁and ▁P aper ▁held ▁that ▁they ▁also ▁constit uted ▁‘ m ach in ery , ▁equipment , ▁appar atus ▁and ▁install ations ▁other ▁than ▁those ▁providing ▁services ▁to ▁buildings ’ ▁and ▁therefore ▁by ▁the ▁operation ▁of ▁s . ▁ 1 ▁( g ) ▁( v ) ▁not ▁‘ real ▁property ’ ▁within ▁the ▁meaning ▁of ▁s . ▁ 1 ▁( g ). ▁The ▁App e al ▁Division ▁set ▁aside ▁the ▁judgment ▁at ▁trial ▁and ▁distinguished ▁Ac ad ian ▁P ulp ▁and ▁P aper . ▁ ▁H eld : ▁The ▁appeal ▁should ▁be ▁dismiss ed . ▁ |
▁BR ID GE S ▁B RO T HER S ▁L TD . ▁v . ▁FO RE ST ▁PRO TE CTION ▁L TD . ▁( 1 9 7 6 ) ▁ ▁The ▁pla int iff , ▁a ▁blue berry ▁far mer , ▁purs ued ▁the ▁def endant , ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁constit uted ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁to ▁combat ▁via ▁aer ial ▁sp ray ing ▁of ▁insect ic ides ▁the ▁spr uce ▁bud w orm ▁and ▁which ▁was ▁instantly ▁employed ▁for ▁its ▁mand ated ▁purpose . ▁The ▁pla int iff ▁alleg ed ▁that ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 0 , ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁the ▁def endant ' s ▁operations ▁reduced ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁be es ▁in ▁the ▁pla int iff ' s ▁fields ▁thereby ▁advers ely ▁affect ing ▁the ▁pol lin ation ▁of ▁blue berry ▁flowers ▁and ▁the ▁fruit ▁set ▁which ▁is ▁dependent ▁on ▁pol lin ation , ▁and ▁increased ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁birds ▁feed ing ▁on ▁ri pe ▁blue ber ries ▁in ▁the ▁fields , ▁because ▁they ▁could ▁not ▁feed ▁on ▁the ▁moth s . ▁The ▁pla int iff ▁sought ▁dam ages ▁and ▁a ▁perpet ual ▁inj unction . ▁The ▁pla int iff ▁obtained ▁an ▁inter im ▁inj unction ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁to ▁forb id ▁the ▁def endant ▁from ▁tres pass . ▁The ▁pla int iff ▁was ▁granted ▁a ▁declaration ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁entitled ▁to ▁occup y ▁and ▁use ▁its ▁several ▁properties ▁free ▁from ▁any ▁inter ference ▁there with |
▁by ▁n uis ance ▁created ▁by ▁the ▁def endant ▁causing ▁or ▁allowing ▁fen it ro th ion ▁to ▁fall ▁upon ▁or ▁dr ift ▁onto ▁such ▁properties . ▁The ▁pla int iff ▁obtained ▁judgment ▁against ▁the ▁def endant ▁for ▁an ▁astronom ical ▁sum , ▁and ▁was ▁awarded ▁rest itution ▁of ▁legal ▁fe es . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁the ▁def endant ▁continued ▁in ▁business ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁private ▁company ▁formed ▁by : ▁ ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁( major ity ▁share holder ) ▁J . D . ▁Ir ving , ▁Limited ▁T win ▁R ivers ▁P aper ▁Company ▁Inc . ▁Ac ad ian ▁Tim ber ▁Cor p . ▁For ne bu ▁L umber ▁Company ▁Inc . ▁AV ▁N ack aw ic ▁Inc . ▁AV ▁Cell ▁Inc . ▁ ▁Thor ne ' s ▁Hard ware ▁v ▁R ▁( 1 9 7 7 ) ▁ ▁This ▁case ▁p itted ▁the ▁pla int iffs , ▁Thor ne ' s ▁Hard ware ▁Limited , ▁Kent ▁L ines ▁Limited , ▁Can ap ort ▁Limited ▁and ▁Ir ving ▁O il ▁Limited , ▁against ▁the ▁National ▁Har b ours ▁Board , ▁over ▁the ▁extension ▁of ▁har bour ▁limits . ▁App ell ants ▁challeng ed ▁in ▁the ▁Federal ▁Court ▁( 1 ) ▁the ▁valid ity ▁of ▁an ▁order ▁in ▁council ▁extending ▁the ▁limits ▁of ▁the ▁port ▁of ▁Saint ▁John ▁so ▁as ▁to ▁include ▁app ell ants ' ▁ber th ▁and ▁har bour ▁facilities ▁and ▁( 2 ) ▁the ▁applic ability ▁to ▁them ▁of ▁a ▁National |
▁Har b ours ▁Board ' s ▁By - law ▁impos ing ▁har bour ▁dues ▁on ▁all ▁vessels ▁entering ▁or ▁using ▁the ▁port . ▁The ▁Tri al ▁Division ▁held ▁the ▁Order ▁in ▁Council ▁int ra ▁v ires ▁the ▁powers ▁of ▁the ▁Governor ▁in ▁Council ▁but ▁the ▁By - law ▁to ▁be ▁in app lic able ▁to ▁the ▁app ell ants . ▁The ▁Court ▁of ▁App e al ▁disag re ed ▁with ▁the ▁trial ▁judge ▁on ▁the ▁second ▁point . ▁Hence ▁this ▁appeal ▁to ▁determine ▁whether ▁the ▁app ell ants ▁are ▁obliged ▁to ▁pay ▁har bour ▁dues . ▁ ▁The ▁app ell ants ▁alleg ed ▁that ▁the ▁Order ▁in ▁Council ▁extending ▁the ▁limits ▁of ▁Saint ▁John ▁Har bour ▁had ▁been ▁passed ▁for ▁impro per ▁mot ives ▁to ▁increase ▁har bour ▁reven ues . ▁It ▁is ▁neither ▁the ▁Court ' s ▁duty ▁nor ▁its ▁right ▁to ▁investigate ▁the ▁federal ▁Cab inet ' s ▁mot ives . ▁H eld : ▁The ▁appeal ▁should ▁be ▁dismiss ed . ▁ ▁Forest ▁Prote ction ▁Limited ▁v ▁Guer in ▁( 1 9 7 9 ) ▁ ▁The ▁now - de ce ased ▁Lu cret ia ▁J . ▁Guer in , ▁president ▁of ▁a ▁community ▁organisation ▁named ▁" The ▁Conc ern ed ▁Par ents ▁Group ▁Inc ." ▁had ▁purs ued ▁F PL ▁in ▁the ▁Provin cial ▁Court ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁for ▁viol ations ▁of ▁some ▁legisl ation . ▁F PL ▁appe aled ▁after ▁un success ▁below ▁into ▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁Queen ' s ▁Ben ch ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick |
, ▁where by ▁the ▁three - jud ge ▁cor am ▁found ▁( in ▁contra - dist inction ▁to ▁preced ent ▁cases ) ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁indeed ▁a ▁Crown ▁ag ency ▁and ▁that ▁thereby ▁it ▁was ▁imm une ▁to ▁purs uit ▁under ▁the ▁P est ▁Control ▁Product s ▁Act , ▁but ▁fell ▁under ▁the ▁am bit ▁of ▁the ▁Fish eries ▁Act ▁because ▁of ▁express ▁mention ▁there in . ▁ ▁N B ▁Broadcast ing ▁v ▁NS ▁Assembly ▁Spe aker ▁( 1 9 9 3 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada ▁ruled ▁that ▁parliament ary ▁privile ge ▁is ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁un written ▁convention ▁in ▁the ▁Constitution ▁of ▁Canada . ▁Therefore , ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Char ter ▁of ▁Rights ▁and ▁Fre ed oms ▁do ▁not ▁apply ▁to ▁members ▁of ▁Nova ▁Scot ia ▁House ▁of ▁Assembly ▁when ▁they ▁exercise ▁their ▁inher ent ▁privileges ▁of ▁ref using ▁str angers ▁from ▁entering ▁the ▁House . ▁This ▁was ▁decided ▁via ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Broadcast ing ▁Co ▁v ▁Nova ▁Scot ia ▁( Spe aker ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Assembly ). ▁ ▁Char le bo is ▁v ▁M ow at ▁( 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁Char le bo is ▁imp ug ned ▁a ▁by - law ▁of ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁Mon ct on , ▁represented ▁by ▁the ▁def endant ▁M ow at ▁because ▁it ▁had ▁not ▁been ▁translated ▁into ▁French , ▁as ▁considered ▁by ▁Char le bo is ▁it ▁must . ▁He ▁re lied ▁on ▁sub sections ▁ 1 6 ( 2 ) ▁and ▁ 1 8 ( |
2 ) ▁and ▁section ▁ 1 6 . 1 ▁of ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Char ter ▁of ▁Rights ▁and ▁Fre ed oms , ▁and ▁he ▁submitted ▁that ▁the ▁expression ▁" stat utes ▁of ▁the ▁legisl ature " ▁used ▁in ▁sub section ▁ 1 8 ( 2 ) ▁includes ▁municipal ▁by - la ws ▁and ▁that ▁this ▁provision ▁im posed ▁on ▁municipal ities ▁of ▁the ▁province ▁an ▁oblig ation ▁to ▁en act ▁their ▁by - la ws ▁in ▁the ▁two ▁official ▁languages . ▁He ▁argued ▁that , ▁given ▁the ▁significant ▁percentage ▁of ▁the ▁Franc oph ones ▁in ▁this ▁municipality , ▁the ▁oblig ation ▁applies ▁to ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁Mon ct on . ▁His ▁claim ▁was ▁successful . ▁ ▁Harrison ▁et ▁al ▁v ▁AG ▁Canada ▁and ▁AG ▁N B ▁( 2 0 0 5 ) ▁ ▁Same - sex ▁marriage ▁in ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁was ▁legal ised ▁in ▁summer ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁by ▁jud icial ▁fi at ▁with ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁Harrison ▁et ▁al . ▁v ▁AG ▁N B . ▁A ▁few ▁weeks ▁later , ▁federal ▁Parliament ▁under ▁the ▁guidance ▁of ▁Paul ▁Martin ▁made ▁same - sex ▁mar ri ages ▁legal ▁throughout ▁Canada ▁by ▁the ▁Civil ▁Mar riage ▁Act . ▁ ▁Jud ges ' ▁p ensions ▁( 2 0 0 5 ) ▁ ▁Jud ges ' ▁p ensions ▁were ▁determined ▁by ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada ▁in ▁Provin cial ▁Court ▁Jud ges ' ▁Ass n ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁v ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁( Min ister ▁of ▁Justice ). ▁ ▁McK in |
ney ▁v ▁Tob ias ▁( 2 0 0 6 ) ▁ ▁Gl enn ie ▁J ▁presents ▁a ▁length y ▁and ▁valuable ▁rec itation ▁of , ▁and ▁dist in ctions ▁between , ▁Land ▁Tit les ▁Act ▁SN B ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁C . ▁L - 1 . 1 , ▁( anti qu ated ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 1 ) ▁Lim itations ▁of ▁A ctions ▁Act ▁R SN B ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁c . ▁L - 8 ▁or ▁Real ▁Property ▁Lim itations ▁Act ▁R SN B ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁c ▁R - 1 . 5 , ▁and ▁( anti qu ated ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 4 ) ▁Qu iet ing ▁of ▁Tit les ▁Act ▁R SN B ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁c ▁Q - 4 , ▁especially ▁as ▁regards ▁ad verse ▁possession . ▁ ▁Sum mary ▁of ▁law ▁of ▁real ▁property , ▁as ▁it ▁is ▁affected ▁by ▁Tor r ens ▁title ▁system ▁in ▁New ▁Brun sw ick . ▁ ▁Brun sw ick ▁News ▁Inc . ▁v ▁Lang don ▁( 2 0 0 7 ) ▁ ▁Brun sw ick ▁News ▁Inc . ▁v ▁Lang don ▁was ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Queen ' s ▁Ben ch ▁case ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁pla int iff ▁employed ▁an ▁Anton ▁P iller ▁order , ▁to ▁enter ▁the ▁def endant ' s ▁residence ▁and ▁search ▁for ▁some ▁business ▁files ▁that ▁it ▁alleg ed ▁had ▁been ▁mis app ropri ated . ▁The ▁pla int iff ▁moved ▁for ▁an ▁inj unction ▁to ▁halt |
▁the ▁publication ▁of ▁the ▁def endant ' s ▁fled g ling ▁rival ▁newspaper , ▁the ▁Car leton ▁Free ▁Press . ▁In ▁the ▁event , ▁the ▁inj unction ▁was ▁denied . ▁ ▁Mer cer ▁v ▁Mor r ison ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁ ▁In ▁this ▁seem ingly ▁un report ed ▁case , ▁a ▁ze alous ▁official ▁attempted ▁to ▁en force ▁the ▁then ▁newly ▁passed ▁N B ▁Building ▁Code ▁Act , ▁against ▁oct ogen arian ▁Craig ▁Mor r ison , ▁of ▁West ▁Qu aco , ▁in ▁Saint ▁Mart ins ▁Par ish , ▁New ▁Brun sw ick . ▁Six ▁court room ▁appearances ▁and ▁a ▁front - page ▁news ▁story ▁in ▁the ▁Saint ▁John ▁Te legraph ▁Journal ▁later , ▁Mor r ison ▁eventually ▁won ▁his ▁battle ▁at ▁age ▁ 9 1 . ▁A ▁film ▁based ▁on ▁his ▁trib ulations ▁was ▁released ▁just ▁months ▁after ▁his ▁death , ▁to ▁positive ▁critical ▁reviews ; ▁James ▁C rom well ▁earned ▁the ▁Best ▁A ctor ▁title ▁for ▁his ▁work ▁at ▁the ▁inaug ural ▁Canadian ▁Screen ▁Awards . ▁The ▁provincial ▁ag ency ▁that ▁emp lo ys ▁building ▁inspect or ▁Wayne ▁Mer cer ▁demanded : ▁that ▁the ▁court ▁for ci b ly ▁remove ▁Mor r ison ▁and ▁his ▁wife , ▁an ▁Al z heimer ' s ▁suffer er , ▁from ▁their ▁home ; ▁that ▁the ▁house ▁be ▁bul ld oz ed ; ▁and ▁that ▁Mor r ison ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁cont empt ▁of ▁court , ▁an ▁imprison able ▁off ence . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 0 |
, ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Court ▁of ▁Queen ' s ▁Ben ch ▁Justice ▁Hugh ▁Mc L ellan ▁ordered ▁the ▁two ▁parties ▁to ▁negoti ate ▁a ▁settlement , ▁which ▁was ▁done . ▁The ▁state ▁rel ented ▁and ▁allowed ▁them ▁to ▁ab ide ▁" without ▁further ▁mol est ation , ▁until ▁they ▁die ." ▁The ▁legisl ation ▁was ▁not ▁over turn ed . ▁ ▁J D ▁Ir ving ▁v ▁Forest ▁Product s ▁Mark eting ▁Bo ards ▁( 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Pla int iff ▁imp ug ned ▁the ▁operation ▁of ▁the ▁reg ulator , ▁as ▁the ▁adj ud ic ated ▁" st ump age ▁agreement " ▁between ▁pla int iff ▁and ▁another ▁entity ▁involved ▁the ▁reg ulator ▁not ▁at ▁all , ▁and ▁thus ▁the ▁reg ulator ▁had ▁no ▁juris diction ▁in ▁private ▁agre ements . ▁Further , ▁pla int iff ▁believed ▁that ▁the ▁reg ulator ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁party ▁to ▁private ▁agre ements ▁because ▁reg ulator ▁was ▁in ▁fact ▁staff ed ▁by ▁pla int iff ' s ▁compet itors . ▁ ▁H eld ▁that ▁the ▁reg ulator ▁was ▁entitled ▁by ▁Natural ▁Product s ▁Act ▁SN B ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁c . ▁N - 1 . 2 ▁and ▁associated ▁reg ulations ▁to ▁intr ude ▁and ▁to ▁rule , ▁and ▁that ▁de ference ▁was ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁reg ulator . ▁ ▁Ob iter ▁dict a ▁compared ▁natural ▁products ▁reg ulator ▁to ▁milk ▁market ing ▁board . ▁ ▁R ▁v ▁Bour que ▁( 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Justin ▁Christ ien ▁Bour que |
▁was ▁a ▁par ano id ▁can nab is - using ▁youth ▁who ▁was ▁" obs essed ▁with ▁guns , ▁video ▁games , ▁heavy ▁metal ▁music ", ▁and ▁who ▁murder ed ▁three ▁police ▁officers ▁and ▁wounded ▁two ▁others , ▁all ▁in ▁the ▁space ▁of ▁twenty ▁minutes ▁on ▁ 4 ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁In ▁the ▁en su ing ▁man h unt , ▁Bour que ▁led ▁a ▁ch ase ▁into ▁the ▁woods ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁found ▁ 2 8 ▁hours ▁later . ▁ ▁The ▁judge ▁wrote ▁that ▁Bour que ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁struggling ▁in ▁the ▁week ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁mass acre ▁with ▁drug ▁withdraw al ▁because ▁he ▁had ▁no ▁more ▁money ▁to ▁buy ▁mar iju ana . ▁ ▁Bour que ▁presented ▁no ▁defence ▁and ▁ple aded ▁guilty ▁to ▁all ▁counts ▁on ▁the ▁ind ict ment ▁sheet . ▁Bour que ▁was ▁sent enced ▁for ▁the ▁murder ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁police ▁officers ▁to ▁life ▁in ▁prison ▁with ▁no ▁chance ▁of ▁par ole ▁for ▁ 7 5 ▁years , ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁longest ▁sentence ▁in ▁Canadian ▁history , ▁and ▁the ▁har sh est ▁since ▁the ▁death ▁penalty ▁was ▁abol ished ▁for ▁most ▁off ences ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁ ▁The ▁jud ici ary ▁has ▁the ▁ability ▁to ▁hand ▁down ▁consecutive ▁sentences ▁under ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁changes ▁to ▁the ▁legisl ation ▁for ▁multiple ▁hom ic ides . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁sent enced ▁to ▁life ▁imprison ment ▁( concurrent ) ▁for ▁the ▁attempted ▁murder ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁two ▁police ▁officers . |
▁ ▁In ▁the ▁subsequent ▁months , ▁application ▁was ▁made ▁by ▁both ▁the ▁Crown ▁and ▁the ▁Def ence ▁to ▁with hold , ▁ ▁for ▁the ▁benefit ▁of ▁the ▁various ▁family ▁members ▁and ▁their ▁psych ology , ▁certain ▁digital ▁evidence ▁which ▁was ▁employed ▁at ▁the ▁sent encing ▁hearing ▁from ▁the ▁public ▁real m . ▁The ▁D agen ais / M ent uck ▁test ▁was ▁used ▁by ▁Smith ▁C J ▁to ▁den y ▁the ▁publication ▁ban . ▁ ▁R ▁v ▁Com eau ▁( 2 0 1 5 ) ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁the ▁R ▁v ▁Com eau ▁test ▁case , ▁over ▁the ▁valid ity ▁of ▁certain ▁port ions ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ' s ▁Li qu or ▁Control ▁Act , ▁started ▁trial ▁in ▁Campbell ton , ▁New ▁Brun sw ick . ▁Com eau ' s ▁defence ▁included ▁a ▁constitution al ▁challenge ▁based ▁on ▁section ▁ 1 2 1 ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁North ▁America ▁Act , ▁ 1 8 6 7 . ▁On ▁ 2 9 ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Judge ▁Ron ald ▁Le Bl anc ▁invalid ated ▁the ▁trade ▁bar riers , ▁in ▁part ▁writing : ▁" That ▁historical ▁context ▁leads ▁to ▁only ▁one ▁conclusion : ▁The ▁F athers ▁of ▁Confeder ation ▁wanted ▁to ▁implement ▁free ▁trade ▁as ▁between ▁the ▁provinces ▁of ▁the ▁newly ▁formed ▁Canada ." can li i . org : ▁" R ▁v ▁Com eau , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁N B PC ▁ 3 ▁( Can L II )" ▁The ▁case ▁was ▁heavily |
▁medi ated , ▁both ▁on ▁the ▁decision ▁as ▁a ▁victory ▁of ▁Daniel ▁against ▁G oli ath , ▁and ▁before . ▁ ▁One ▁lady , ▁who ▁happens ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁deput y ▁comment ▁editor ▁for ▁the ▁National ▁Post , ▁was ▁a ▁p und it , ▁a ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁registered ▁char ity ▁which ▁fund ed ▁Com eau , ▁and ▁a ▁source ▁of ▁quot ations ▁for ▁other ▁journal ists . ▁At ▁trial , ▁the ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Li qu or ▁control ▁board ▁that ▁it ▁could ▁go ▁out ▁of ▁business ▁if ▁Mr . ▁Com eau ▁was ▁v ind ic ated , ▁while ▁a ▁professional ▁witness ▁test ified ▁for ▁the ▁defence ▁that ▁" two - third s ▁or ▁more ▁of ▁the ▁customers ▁were ▁from ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁and ▁that ▁ 9 0 ▁per ▁cent " ▁of ▁the ▁floor ▁space ▁in ▁the ▁List ug uj ▁Mi <0xEA> <0x9E> <0x8C> g ma q ▁First ▁Nation ▁convenience ▁store ▁at ▁which ▁Com eau ' s ▁be er ▁was ▁purchased ▁" was ▁devoted ▁to ▁be er ▁sales ." ▁ ▁The ▁Crown ▁Att orney ▁appe aled ▁the ▁decision ▁directly ▁to ▁the ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Court ▁of ▁App e al ▁( the ▁normal ▁path ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁through ▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁Queen ' s ▁Ben ch ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ) ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁May . ▁Kar en ▁Sel ick , ▁one ▁of ▁three ▁law y ers ▁retained ▁by ▁Com eau ▁at ▁the ▁instance ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Post ' s ▁deput y ▁comments ▁editor , ▁term ed ▁the ▁appeal |
▁" a ▁far ce ". ▁The ▁Crown ▁alleg es ▁that ▁Le Bl anc ▁J ▁er red ▁in ▁his ▁legal ▁interpretation ▁of ▁Section ▁ 1 2 1 ▁of ▁the ▁Constitution ▁Act ▁as ▁follows : ▁By ▁interpre ting ▁the ▁section ▁to ▁have ▁a ▁meaning ▁contrary ▁to ▁that ▁determined ▁by ▁prior ▁dec isions ▁of ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada , ▁which ▁are ▁binding ▁on ▁him . ▁By ▁con cluding ▁without ▁evidence ▁that ▁previous ▁dec isions ▁of ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁were ▁rendered ▁without ▁the ▁benefit ▁of ▁evidence ▁before ▁the ▁trial ▁judge . ▁By ▁finding ▁that ▁placing ▁Section ▁ 1 2 1 ▁in ▁the ▁category ▁of ▁Re ven ues , ▁Deb ts , ▁As sets ▁and ▁Tax ation ▁in ▁the ▁Constitution ▁Act ▁is ▁of ▁no ▁legal ▁consequence ▁to ▁the ▁determ ination ▁of ▁its ▁meaning . ▁By ▁giving ▁Section ▁ 1 2 1 ▁a ▁meaning ▁that ▁is ▁internally ▁incons istent ▁and ▁conflicts ▁with ▁Se ctions ▁ 9 1 , ▁ 9 2 , ▁and ▁ 9 4 ▁of ▁the ▁Constitution ▁Act . ▁By ▁finding ▁Section ▁ 1 2 1 ▁was ▁draft ed ▁as ▁an ▁absolute ▁free ▁trade ▁provision ▁that ▁constitution ally ▁must ▁be ▁rig or ously ▁interpreted ▁as ▁such ▁today . ▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁the ▁N B ▁Court ▁of ▁App e al ▁decided ▁not ▁to ▁hear ▁the ▁case . ▁ ▁The ▁provincial ▁Att orney - General ▁then ▁decided ▁to ▁appeal ▁to ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Canada . ▁ ▁On ▁ 5 ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁leave ▁to ▁appeal ▁was ▁granted , |
▁and ▁the ▁tent ative ▁hearing ▁date ▁was ▁set ▁for ▁ 7 ▁December . ▁ ▁R ▁v ▁Raf ia ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁ ▁Moh am ad ▁Raf ia , ▁his ▁wife ▁Rad na ▁Ald nd al ▁and ▁their ▁children ▁imm igr ated ▁from ▁Sy ria ▁to ▁Freder ic ton ▁in ▁about ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁polit ically - content ious ▁refuge e ▁res ett lement ▁program . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 8 ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁he ▁beat ▁her ▁with ▁a ▁hockey ▁stick ▁for ▁half ▁an ▁hour ▁when ▁she ▁threatened ▁to ▁leave ▁him . ▁She ▁attended ▁Dr . ▁Ever ett ▁Chal mers ▁Regional ▁Hospital ▁with ▁a ▁friend ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁there ▁that ▁the ▁attack ▁came ▁to ▁light , ▁although ▁Ald nd al ▁attempted ▁to ▁lie ▁and ▁bl amed ▁her ▁inj uries ▁on ▁a ▁fall ▁in ▁the ▁bat ht ub . ▁On ▁ 1 9 ▁May , ▁he ▁was ▁arrested ▁and ▁ja iled . ▁On ▁ 2 4 ▁May , ▁he ▁told ▁a ▁court ▁that ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁know ▁that ▁to ▁beat ▁one ' s ▁wife ▁with ▁a ▁hockey ▁stick ▁for ▁half ▁an ▁hour ▁was ▁illegal ▁in ▁Canada . ▁Two ▁days ▁later , ▁he ▁ple aded ▁guilty ▁to ▁charges ▁of ▁assault ▁causing ▁bod ily ▁harm ▁and ▁utter ing ▁a ▁threat ▁to ▁kill ▁her ▁if ▁she ▁followed ▁through ▁and ▁left ▁him . ▁ ▁On ▁ 8 ▁June ▁he ▁was ▁sent enced ▁to ▁time ▁served ▁plus ▁a ▁year ▁of ▁prob ation . ▁The ▁police ▁recorded |
▁the ▁batter ed ▁wife ▁as ▁saying , ▁ ▁A ▁police ▁statement ▁which ▁was ▁read ▁in ▁court ▁remarked ▁that ▁Raf ia ▁was ▁aware ▁that ▁the ▁law ▁in ▁Canada ▁diff ers ▁not ▁from ▁the ▁law ▁in ▁Sy ria , ▁and ▁the ▁Mult icult ural ▁Association ▁of ▁Freder ic ton ▁apparently ▁im parts ▁" f eder al ▁information ▁sessions , ▁which ▁include ▁educ ating ▁new com ers ▁about ▁Canadian ▁law ". ▁However ▁this ▁may ▁be , ▁Raf ia ▁compla ined ▁to ▁the ▁court , ▁ ▁through ▁an ▁interpreter , ▁who ▁said : ▁▁ ▁A ▁daily ▁reported ▁that ▁the ▁family ▁were ▁refuge es ▁spons ored ▁priv ately ▁under ▁the ▁Sy rian ▁refuge e ▁res ett lement ▁programme . ▁Foreign ers ▁who ▁commit ▁cr imes ▁in ▁Canada ▁normally ▁risk ▁deport ation ▁but ▁for ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁reasons ▁Raf ia ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁deport ed ▁at ▁that ▁moment . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 8 ▁June , ▁Conserv ative ▁MP ▁K ell ie ▁Le itch ▁twe et ed : ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁up bra ided ▁by ▁Im m igration ▁Minister ▁Ah med ▁H ussen , ▁who ▁called ▁her ▁twe et ▁" dis gra ce ful ", ▁and ▁said ▁that ▁refuge es ▁were ▁given ▁" pre - ▁and ▁post - ar rival ▁orientation ▁programs ▁where ▁they ▁are ▁brief ed ▁on ▁Canadian ▁laws ". ▁N DP ▁imm igration ▁critic ▁Jen ny ▁K wan ▁was ▁of ▁the ▁opinion ▁that ▁" K ell ie ▁Le itch ▁continues ▁to ▁sp out ▁divis ive ▁dog - wh ist le ▁r het or ic ▁even ▁after ▁her |
▁own ▁party ▁rejected ▁her ▁and ▁her ▁ideas ." ▁Back ▁in ▁Freder ic ton ▁on ▁ 2 2 ▁June , ▁Liberal ▁MP ▁Matt ▁De C ource y ▁p iled ▁on ▁and ▁said ▁that ▁" her ▁divis ive ▁r het or ic ▁doesn ' t ▁contribute ▁to ▁any ▁positive ▁outcome ▁and ▁dist ract s ▁from ▁the ▁very ▁real ▁issue ▁of ▁gender - based ▁violence ." ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁▁ ▁Category : New ▁Brun sw ick ▁law ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Category : Leg al ▁history ▁of ▁Canada <0x0A> </s> ▁Events ▁from ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 8 2 6 ▁in ▁France . ▁ ▁Inc umb ents ▁ ▁Mon arch ▁– ▁Charles ▁X ▁ ▁Events ▁▁ 1 5 ▁January ▁- ▁The ▁newspaper ▁Le ▁Fig aro ▁begins ▁publication ▁in ▁Paris , ▁initially ▁as ▁a ▁week ly . ▁June ▁- ▁Phot ography : ▁Nic é ph ore ▁Ni ép ce ▁makes ▁a ▁true ▁photograph , ▁View ▁from ▁the ▁Window ▁at ▁Le ▁Gr as . ▁ 1 9 ▁August ▁- ▁Louis ▁Christ ophe ▁François ▁H ach ette ▁purch ases ▁the ▁Br éd if ▁book shop ▁on ▁rue ▁Pierre - S ar raz in , ▁Paris , ▁origin ▁of ▁the ▁H ach ette ▁publishing ▁business . ▁ ▁Arts ▁and ▁literature ▁The ▁second ▁novel ▁by ▁Victor ▁Hugo , ▁Bug - J arg al , ▁is ▁published . ▁ ▁B irth s ▁ 6 ▁April ▁- ▁Gust ave ▁More au , ▁painter ▁( d ied ▁ 1 8 9 8 ). ▁ 5 ▁May ▁- ▁Eug én ie ▁de ▁Mont ijo |
, ▁wife ▁of ▁Nap ol éon ▁III ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 2 0 ). ▁ 1 8 ▁May ▁- ▁Em ile - Just in ▁Men ier , ▁ph arma ce ut ical ▁manufact urer , ▁ch oc ol at ier ▁and ▁politician ▁( d ied ▁ 1 8 8 1 ). ▁ 2 9 ▁June ▁- ▁Charles ▁Ernest ▁Be ul é , ▁arch ae ologist ▁and ▁politician ▁( d ied ▁ 1 8 7 4 ). ▁ 2 4 ▁October ▁- ▁Lé op old ▁Victor ▁Del is le , ▁bibli oph ile ▁and ▁historian ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 1 0 ). ▁ ▁Full ▁date ▁unknown ▁Al phon se ▁de ▁Pol ign ac , ▁math ematic ian ▁( d ied ▁ 1 8 6 3 ). ▁Louis - Ar s ène ▁D ela un ay , ▁actor ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 0 3 ). ▁ ▁Death s ▁ 3 ▁January ▁- ▁Louis ▁Gabriel ▁Such et , ▁Marsh al ▁of ▁France ▁( born ▁ 1 7 7 0 ). ▁ 2 2 ▁January ▁- ▁Henri - Card in - Jean - B apt iste ▁d ' Ag ues seau , ▁politician ▁( born ▁ 1 7 4 6 ). ▁ 2 ▁February ▁- ▁Jean ▁Anth el me ▁Br ill at - S av arin , ▁lawyer , ▁politician , ▁ep ic ure ▁and ▁g astr on ome ▁( born ▁ 1 7 5 5 ). ▁ 8 ▁October ▁- ▁Marie - Gu ille mine ▁Ben o ist , ▁painter |
▁( born ▁ 1 7 6 8 ). ▁ 5 ▁November ▁- ▁É lie ▁Hal év y ▁( Ch alf an ), ▁Heb rew ▁poet ▁and ▁author ▁( born ▁ 1 7 6 0 ). ▁ ▁Full ▁date ▁unknown ▁Jean - B apt iste ▁St ou f , ▁sculpt or ▁( born ▁ 1 7 4 2 ). ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Year s ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁in ▁France <0x0A> </s> ▁St ▁G iles ▁is ▁a ▁district ▁of ▁London , ▁at ▁the ▁southern ▁tip ▁of ▁the ▁London ▁Bor ough ▁of ▁Cam den . ▁It ▁gets ▁its ▁name ▁from ▁the ▁parish ▁church ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s . ▁The ▁combined ▁par ishes ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁and ▁St ▁George ▁Blo oms bury ▁( which ▁was ▁car ved ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁former ) ▁formed ▁the ▁St ▁G iles ▁District ▁of ▁the ▁Metropol is ▁from ▁ 1 8 5 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 0 0 . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁location ▁of ▁the ▁church ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s , ▁the ▁Phoenix ▁Garden ▁and ▁St ▁G iles ▁Circ us . ▁With ▁Blo oms bury ▁and ▁Hol born , ▁it ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁" M id town " ▁business ▁improvement ▁district . ▁ ▁History ▁There ▁has ▁been ▁a ▁church ▁at ▁St ▁G iles ▁since ▁Sax on ▁times , ▁located ▁beside ▁a ▁major ▁highway . ▁The ▁vic inity ▁is ▁described ▁in ▁a ▁char ter ▁of ▁ 9 5 9 |
; ▁the ▁char ter ▁describes ▁the ▁bounds ▁of ▁a ▁man or ▁( est ate ) ▁stretch ing ▁from ▁the ▁River ▁Ty burn ▁to ▁the ▁Fle et , ▁and ▁referring ▁to ▁the ▁" old ▁wooden ▁church ▁of ▁St ▁Andrew ", ▁in ▁Hol born , ▁while ▁a ▁further ▁char ter ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 2 ▁describes ▁an ▁extended ▁man or ▁which ▁extended ▁further ▁north . ▁The ▁ge ographical ▁description , ▁the ▁reference ▁to ▁St ▁Andrew s ▁church , ▁Hol born ▁and ▁other ▁details ▁suggest ▁that ▁the ▁extended ▁estate ▁was ▁the ▁origin ▁for ▁the ▁man ors ▁of ▁Hol born ▁and ▁perhaps ▁also ▁Tot ten h ale , ▁both ▁described ▁in ▁the ▁Dom es day ▁Book ▁in ▁ 1 0 8 6 . ▁ ▁The ▁hospital ▁of ▁St ▁G iles , ▁recorded ▁c . ▁ 1 1 2 0 ▁as ▁Hospital i ▁San ct i ▁Eg id ii ▁extra ▁London ium ▁was ▁founded , ▁together ▁with ▁a ▁monaster y ▁and ▁a ▁chap el , ▁by ▁Queen ▁Mat ilda , ▁wife ▁of ▁Henry ▁I . ▁St ▁G iles ▁( c . ▁ 6 5 0 ▁– ▁c . ▁ 7 1 0 ) ▁was ▁the ▁patron ▁saint ▁of ▁le pers ▁and ▁the ▁hospital ▁was ▁home ▁to ▁a ▁le per ▁col ony , ▁the ▁site ▁chosen ▁for ▁its ▁surrounding ▁fields ▁and ▁mar sh es ▁separ ating ▁cont ag ion ▁from ▁nearby ▁London . ▁Peter ▁A ck ro yd ▁arg ues ▁that ▁the ▁character ▁of ▁v ag ran cy ▁has ▁never ▁left ▁the ▁area . ▁A ▁village ▁acc ret |
ed ▁to ▁c ater ▁to ▁the ▁bre th ren ▁and ▁patients . ▁ ▁The ▁cross ro ads ▁which ▁is ▁now ▁St ▁G iles ▁Circ us , ▁where ▁Oxford ▁Street , ▁Char ing ▁Cross ▁Road , ▁Tot ten ham ▁Court ▁Road ▁and ▁New ▁Oxford ▁St ▁meet , ▁was ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁a ▁gall ows ▁until ▁the ▁fif teenth ▁century . ▁The ▁L oll ard ▁leader ▁Sir ▁John ▁Old castle ▁was ▁h anged , ▁and ▁he ▁and ▁his ▁gall ows ▁were ▁bur nt ▁there . ▁Gra pe ▁Street , ▁in ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁the ▁St ▁G iles ▁district , ▁runs ▁beside ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁hospital ' s ▁v ine yard . ▁▁ ▁The ▁monaster y ▁was ▁dissol ved ▁during ▁the ▁Re formation ▁and ▁a ▁parish ▁church ▁created ▁from ▁the ▁chap el . ▁The ▁hospital ▁continued ▁to ▁care ▁for ▁le pers ▁until ▁the ▁mid - six teenth ▁century , ▁when ▁the ▁disease ▁ab ated ▁and ▁the ▁hospital ▁instead ▁began ▁to ▁care ▁for ▁ind ig ents . ▁The ▁parish ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁and ▁it ▁is ▁recorded ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 3 ▁as ▁Se ynt ▁G yles ▁in ▁the ▁Field . ▁The ▁first ▁post - C atholic ▁parish ▁church ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 6 3 1 ▁and ▁from ▁the ▁mid - se vent e enth ▁century ▁church ▁w ard ens ▁note ▁" a ▁great ▁infl ux ▁of ▁poor ▁people ▁into ▁this ▁parish ". ▁The ▁cell ars ▁in ▁particular ▁were ▁already ▁recorded ▁as ▁hor r ific ▁places ▁in ▁which |
▁whole ▁families ▁res ided , ▁" d amp ▁and ▁un wh oles ome " ▁as ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁built ▁on ▁mar sh land . ▁The ▁Parliament ary ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 6 0 6 ▁had ▁condem ned ▁the ▁area ▁as ▁" de e pe ▁f oul ▁and ▁dangerous " ▁. ▁V agr ants ▁exp elled ▁from ▁the ▁city ▁ ▁settled ▁in ▁the ▁St ▁G iles ▁district ▁known ▁for ▁the ▁gener ous ▁char itable ▁relief ▁of ▁the ▁parish . ▁Irish ▁and ▁French ▁refuge es ▁were ▁drawn ▁to ▁the ▁area ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁" St ▁G iles ▁black bird s ", ▁black ▁servants ▁reduced ▁to ▁begg ing . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 6 6 5 ▁Great ▁Pl ague ▁started ▁in ▁St ▁G iles ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁vict ims ▁were ▁buried ▁in ▁the ▁St ▁G iles ▁church yard . ▁By ▁September ▁ 1 6 6 5 , ▁ 8 0 0 0 ▁people ▁were ▁dying ▁a ▁week ▁in ▁London . ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁pl ague ▁year ▁there ▁were ▁ 3 , 2 1 6 ▁listed ▁pl ague ▁death s ▁in ▁St ▁G iles ▁parish , ▁which ▁had ▁fewer ▁than ▁ 2 , 0 0 0 ▁households . ▁After ▁the ▁Rest oration , ▁the ▁area ▁was ▁populated ▁by ▁ ▁H ug uen ot ▁refuge es ▁who ▁had ▁fled ▁per sec ution ▁and ▁established ▁themselves ▁as ▁tr ades men ▁and ▁art is ans , ▁particularly ▁in ▁we aving ▁and ▁the ▁sil k ▁trade . ▁ ▁The ▁southern ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁parish , ▁around ▁present ▁day ▁Sh |
aft es bury ▁Avenue , ▁was ▁a ▁was t eland ▁named ▁C ock ▁and ▁P ye ▁Field s . ▁H ouses ▁were ▁not ▁built ▁there ▁until ▁ 1 6 6 6 , ▁after ▁the ▁Great ▁Fire , ▁and ▁not ▁fully ▁developed ▁until ▁ 1 6 9 3 , ▁becoming ▁known ▁as ▁Seven ▁D ial s . ▁Thomas ▁Ne ale ▁built ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁area , ▁giving ▁his ▁name ▁to ▁Ne al ▁Street ▁and ▁Ne al ' s ▁Y ard . ▁ ▁St ▁G iles ▁and ▁Seven ▁D ial s ▁became ▁known ▁for ▁their ▁ast ro log ers ▁and ▁al chem ists , ▁an ▁association ▁which ▁last s ▁to ▁this ▁day . ▁The ▁village ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁stood ▁on ▁the ▁main ▁road ▁from ▁Hol born ▁to ▁Ty burn , ▁a ▁place ▁of ▁local ▁execution . ▁Con v icted ▁crim inals ▁were ▁often ▁allowed , ▁in ▁tradition , ▁to ▁stop ▁at ▁St ▁G iles ▁en ▁route ▁to ▁Ty burn ▁for ▁a ▁final ▁drink ▁- ▁a ▁" St ▁G iles ▁Bowl " ▁- ▁ ▁before ▁h anging . ▁ ▁The ▁ro ok ery ▁As ▁London ▁grew ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁and ▁ 1 9 th ▁centuries , ▁so ▁did ▁the ▁parish ' s ▁population , ▁rising ▁to ▁ 3 0 , 0 0 0 ▁by ▁ 1 8 3 1 . ▁Later , ▁a ▁large ▁percentage ▁were ▁Irish , ▁having ▁em igr ated ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁Fam ine ▁( I reland ) ▁during ▁ 1 8 4 5 ▁and ▁ 1 8 |
4 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁ro ok ery ▁stood ▁between ▁the ▁church ▁and ▁Great ▁Russell ▁Street , ▁and ▁Seven ▁D ial s ▁near ▁ ▁where ▁Centre ▁Point ▁stands ▁today , ▁now ▁home ▁to ▁the ▁Centre point ▁hom eless ▁char ity . ▁The ▁ro ok ery ▁was ▁a ▁ma ze ▁of ▁g in ▁sh ops , ▁prost it utes ' ▁h ov els ▁and ▁secret ▁al ley ways ▁that ▁police ▁had ▁little ▁hope ▁of ▁navig ating . ▁William ▁Hog arth , ▁Thomas ▁Row land son , ▁and ▁Gust ave ▁Dor é , ▁among ▁others , ▁drew ▁the ▁area , ▁as ▁did ▁novel ists ▁Henry ▁Field ing ▁and ▁Charles ▁Dick ens . ▁Rom ance ▁novel ists ▁Elizabeth ▁Ho yt ▁and ▁Er ica ▁Mon roe ▁about ▁it ▁extens ively ▁in ▁their ▁Ma iden ▁Lane ▁and ▁Ro ok ery ▁Rog ues ▁series , ▁respectively . ▁Peter ▁A ck ro yd ▁writes ▁" The ▁Ro ok eries ▁emb od ied ▁the ▁worst ▁living ▁conditions ▁in ▁all ▁of ▁London ' s ▁history ; ▁this ▁was ▁the ▁lowest ▁point ▁which ▁human ▁be ings ▁could ▁reach ". ▁ ▁Reform er ▁Henry ▁May hew ▁described ▁the ▁sl um ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 0 ▁in ▁A ▁Vis it ▁to ▁the ▁Ro ok ery ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁and ▁its ▁Ne igh bour hood : ▁" The ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁G iles , ▁with ▁its ▁n ests ▁of ▁close ▁and ▁narrow ▁alle ys ▁and ▁courts ▁inhab ited ▁by ▁the ▁lowest ▁class ▁of ▁Irish ▁cost erm ong ers , ▁has ▁passed ▁into ▁a |
▁by word ▁as ▁the ▁syn onym ▁of ▁fil th ▁and ▁squ al or . ▁And ▁although ▁New ▁Oxford ▁Street ▁has ▁been ▁carried ▁straight ▁through ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁the ▁worst ▁part ▁of ▁its ▁sl ums — " the ▁Ro ok ery " — y et , ▁especially ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁side , ▁there ▁still ▁are ▁streets ▁which ▁demand ▁to ▁be ▁swe pt ▁away ▁in ▁the ▁interest ▁of ▁health ▁and ▁clean lin ess ... ▁They ▁[ are ] ▁a ▁no isy ▁and ▁ri ot ous ▁lot , ▁fond ▁of ▁street ▁b raw ls , ▁equally ▁" f at , ▁ra gg ed ▁and ▁sau cy ;" ▁and ▁the ▁courts ▁ab ound ▁in ▁ped l ars , ▁fish - w omen , ▁new scri ers , ▁and ▁corn - cut ters ." ▁As ▁the ▁population ▁grew , ▁so ▁did ▁their ▁dead , ▁the ▁area ▁a ▁home ▁to ▁ch ol era ▁and ▁consumption . ▁ ▁Event ually ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁room ▁in ▁their ▁gra vey ard , ▁so ▁during ▁the ▁eigh teenth ▁and ▁nin ete enth ▁centuries , ▁many ▁were ▁buried ▁in ▁the ▁c em eter ies ▁surrounding ▁St ▁P anc ras . ▁ ▁From ▁the ▁ 1 8 3 0 s ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 8 7 0 s ▁plans ▁were ▁developed ▁to ▁demol ish ▁the ▁sl um ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁London ▁wide ▁clear ances ▁for ▁improved ▁transport ▁routes , ▁san itation ▁and ▁the ▁expansion ▁of ▁the ▁rail ways . ▁New ▁Oxford ▁Street ▁was ▁driven ▁through ▁the ▁area ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁areas ▁of ▁Oxford ▁Street ▁and |
▁Hol born . ▁The ▁Ro ok ery ▁dwell ers ▁were ▁not ▁re - h oused ▁by ▁the ▁authorities . ▁ 5 0 0 0 ▁were ▁ev icted ▁and ▁many ▁just ▁moved ▁into ▁nearby ▁sl ums , ▁such ▁as ▁Dev il ' s ▁A cre ▁and ▁Church ▁Lane ▁making ▁those ▁more ▁over c row ded ▁still . ▁The ▁un ch anging ▁character ▁of ▁the ▁area , ▁failing ▁invest ment ▁schemes ▁and ▁in ability ▁to ▁sell ▁new ▁properties ▁ens ured ▁that ▁plans ▁for ▁wh oles ale ▁clear ance ▁were ▁st ym ied ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁century . ▁ ▁Local ▁govern ance ▁ ▁The ▁ancient ▁parish ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁formed ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁O ss ul stone ▁hundred ▁of ▁M idd les ex . ▁The ▁parish ▁of ▁St ▁George ▁Blo oms bury ▁was ▁split ▁off ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 1 , ▁but ▁the ▁par ishes ▁were ▁combined ▁for ▁civil ▁purposes ▁in ▁ 1 7 7 4 ▁and ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁administration ▁of ▁the ▁Po or ▁Law ▁after ▁the ▁Po or ▁Law ▁Am end ment ▁Act ▁ 1 8 3 4 . ▁ ▁George ▁Buch an an ▁was ▁appointed ▁Health ▁Officer ▁for ▁the ▁parish ▁around ▁ 1 8 5 6 . ▁ ▁Upon ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁the ▁Metropolitan ▁Board ▁of ▁Works ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 5 ▁the ▁combined ▁par ishes ▁became ▁the ▁St ▁G iles ▁District ▁and ▁were ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁St ▁G iles ▁civil ▁parish |
▁was ▁an ▁el ong ated ▁" L " ▁shape , ▁stretch ing ▁from ▁Tor r ington ▁Place ▁in ▁the ▁north ▁to ▁Sh el ton ▁Street ▁in ▁the ▁south ▁and ▁then ▁east ▁to ▁include ▁Lincoln ' s ▁Inn ▁Field s . ▁For ▁registration , ▁and ▁therefore ▁census ▁reporting , ▁the ▁civil ▁parish ▁was ▁divided ▁in ▁North ▁and ▁South ▁districts , ▁with ▁Mon mouth ▁Street ▁broad ly ▁forming ▁the ▁division . ▁The ▁length ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁High ▁Street ▁is ▁identical ▁to ▁the ▁width ▁of ▁the ▁parish ▁at ▁that ▁point . ▁The ▁parish ▁of ▁St ▁George ▁Blo oms bury ▁was ▁located ▁to ▁the ▁n ortheast . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁the ▁population ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁North ▁was ▁ 1 3 , 8 3 7 ▁and ▁St ▁G iles ▁South ▁was ▁ 1 4 , 8 6 4 . ▁ ▁The ▁local ▁government ▁of ▁London ▁was ▁re organ ised ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁and ▁St ▁G iles ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Metropolitan ▁Bor ough ▁of ▁Hol born . ▁Since ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁London ▁Bor ough ▁of ▁Cam den . ▁ ▁Street ▁name ▁et ym ologies ▁ ▁St ▁G iles ▁has ▁no ▁formally ▁defined ▁boundaries ▁– ▁those ▁util ised ▁here ▁form ▁a ▁rough ▁triangle : ▁New ▁Oxford ▁Street ▁to ▁the ▁north , ▁Sh aft es bury ▁Avenue ▁to ▁the ▁south - east ▁and ▁Char ing ▁Cross ▁Road ▁to ▁the ▁west . ▁▁ ▁Brook ▁M ew s ▁ ▁Buck n all ▁Street ▁– ▁after ▁either |
▁Arab ella ▁Buck n all ▁( or ▁Buck nell ), ▁mother ▁of ▁John ▁Han mer , ▁ 1 st ▁Baron ▁Han mer ▁who ▁owned ▁this ▁land ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century , ▁or ▁Ralph ▁Buck n all , ▁local ▁ 1 7 th ▁- ▁ 1 8 th ▁century ▁vest ry man ▁ ▁Cambridge ▁Circ us ▁– ▁after ▁Prince ▁George , ▁ 2 nd ▁Duke ▁of ▁Cambridge , ▁who ▁formally ▁opened ▁the ▁new ▁development ▁of ▁Char ing ▁Cross ▁Road ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 7 ▁ ▁Char ing ▁Cross ▁Road ▁– ▁built ▁ 1 8 8 7 , ▁and ▁named ▁as ▁it ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁cross ▁at ▁Char ing , ▁from ▁the ▁Old ▁English ▁word ▁" ci err ing ", ▁referring ▁to ▁a ▁b end ▁in ▁the ▁River ▁Th ames ▁ ▁Den mark ▁Place ▁and ▁Den mark ▁Street ▁– ▁after ▁Prince ▁George ▁of ▁Den mark , ▁husband ▁of ▁Queen ▁Anne ▁ ▁Dy ott ▁Street ▁– ▁after ▁either ▁Simon ▁Dy ott , ▁local ▁resident ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁century , ▁or ▁Jane ▁Dy ott , ▁daughter ▁of ▁local ▁land owner ▁Henry ▁B ain bridge ▁ ▁E arn sh aw ▁Street ▁– ▁after ▁Thomas ▁E arn sh aw , ▁noted ▁watch maker ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 8 th - 1 9 th ▁century , ▁who ▁worked ▁near ▁here ▁ ▁Fl it cro ft ▁Street ▁– ▁after ▁Henry ▁Fl it cro ft , ▁architect ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁church ▁ ▁New ▁Com pton ▁Street ▁– ▁as ▁with ▁Old |
▁Com pton ▁Street ▁which ▁extends ▁to ▁the ▁west , ▁it ▁is ▁believed ▁to ▁be ▁named ▁after ▁Henry ▁Com pton , ▁Bishop ▁of ▁London ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 7 0 s ▁ ▁New ▁Oxford ▁Street ▁– ▁built ▁as ▁an ▁extension ▁of ▁Oxford ▁Street ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 5 - 4 7 ▁ ▁Phoenix ▁Street ▁– ▁named ▁after ▁an ▁inn ▁that ▁formerly ▁stood ▁near ▁here ▁ ▁Prin ces ▁Circ us ▁St ▁G iles ▁Circ us , ▁St ▁G iles ▁High ▁Street ▁and ▁St ▁G iles ▁Pass age ▁– ▁after ▁St ▁G iles ▁Hospital , ▁a ▁le per ▁hospital ▁founded ▁by ▁Mat ilda ▁of ▁Scotland , ▁wife ▁of ▁Henry ▁I ▁in ▁ 1 1 1 7 . ▁St ▁G iles ▁was ▁an ▁ 8 th - century ▁herm it ▁in ▁Prov ence ▁who ▁was ▁cri pp led ▁in ▁a ▁hunting ▁accident ▁and ▁later ▁became ▁patron ▁saint ▁of ▁cri pp les ▁and ▁le pers . ▁Circ us ▁is ▁a ▁British ▁term ▁for ▁a ▁road ▁j unction , ▁with ▁several ▁roads ▁meeting ▁and ▁a ▁central ▁res ervation ▁or ▁‘ round about , ▁the ▁traffic ▁passing ▁in ▁a ▁one ▁way ▁system ▁around ▁the ▁round about ▁or ▁‘ circ us ’ ▁▁ ▁Sh aft es bury ▁Avenue ▁– ▁after ▁Anthony ▁Ash ley ▁Cooper , ▁ 7 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sh aft es bury , ▁Victor ian ▁politician ▁and ▁phil anth rop ist ▁ ▁St ace y ▁Street ▁– ▁after ▁John ▁St ace y , ▁local ▁land owner ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century ▁ ▁Hog arth ▁dep |
ict ions ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁ ▁Four ▁Times ▁of ▁the ▁Day ▁ ▁The ▁et ch ing ▁" No on " ▁from ▁Four ▁Times ▁of ▁the ▁Day ▁by ▁Hog arth ▁takes ▁place ▁in ▁Hog ▁Lane , ▁with ▁the ▁church ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁in ▁the ▁background . ▁Hog arth ▁would ▁feature ▁St ▁G iles ▁again ▁as ▁the ▁background ▁of ▁G in ▁Lane ▁and ▁First ▁Stage ▁of ▁Cru el ty . ▁The ▁picture ▁shows ▁the ▁H ug uen ot ▁refuge es ▁who ▁arrived ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 8 0 s ▁and ▁established ▁themselves ▁in ▁the ▁sil k ▁trade ; ▁Hog arth ▁contrast s ▁their ▁f uss iness ▁and ▁high ▁fashion ▁with ▁the ▁slo ven lin ess ▁of ▁the ▁group ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁road ; ▁the ▁ro tt ing ▁cor pse ▁of ▁a ▁cat ▁that ▁has ▁been ▁st oned ▁to ▁death ▁lying ▁in ▁the ▁g utter ▁that ▁div ides ▁the ▁street ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁thing ▁the ▁two ▁sides ▁have ▁in ▁common . ▁The ▁older ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁con greg ation ▁wear ▁traditional ▁dress , ▁while ▁the ▁younger ▁members ▁wear ▁the ▁f ash ions ▁of ▁the ▁day . ▁The ▁children ▁are ▁dressed ▁up ▁as ▁adult s : ▁the ▁boy ▁in ▁the ▁for eground ▁str uts ▁around ▁in ▁his ▁fin ery ▁while ▁the ▁boy ▁with ▁his ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁vie wer ▁has ▁his ▁hair ▁in ▁a ▁net , ▁ ▁bag ged ▁up ▁in ▁the ▁" F rench " ▁style . ▁At ▁the ▁far ▁right , ▁a ▁black ▁man , |
▁probably ▁a ▁fre ed ▁slave , ▁fond les ▁the ▁bre asts ▁of ▁a ▁woman , ▁dist ract ing ▁her ▁from ▁her ▁work , ▁her ▁pie - d ish ▁" tot ter ing ▁like ▁her ▁virtue ". ▁ ▁In ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁couple , ▁a ▁boy ▁has ▁set ▁down ▁his ▁pie ▁to ▁rest , ▁but ▁the ▁plate ▁has ▁broken , ▁sp illing ▁the ▁pie ▁onto ▁the ▁ground ▁where ▁it ▁is ▁being ▁rapidly ▁consum ed ▁by ▁an ▁ur chin . ▁ ▁" G in ▁Lane " ▁ ▁Set ▁in ▁St ▁G iles , ▁" G in ▁Lane " ▁dep ict s ▁the ▁squ al or ▁and ▁desp air ▁of ▁a ▁community ▁raised ▁on ▁g in . ▁The ▁only ▁business es ▁that ▁fl our ish ▁are ▁those ▁which ▁serve ▁the ▁g in ▁industry : ▁g in ▁sell ers ; ▁dist ill ers ; ▁the ▁pa wn bro ker ▁where ▁the ▁av ar icious ▁Mr . ▁G ri pe ▁gre ed ily ▁takes ▁the ▁vital ▁poss essions ▁( the ▁car p enter ▁offers ▁his ▁saw ▁and ▁the ▁house w ife ▁her ▁cook ing ▁ut ens ils ) ▁of ▁the ▁alco hol ic ▁residents ▁of ▁the ▁street ▁in ▁return ▁for ▁a ▁few ▁p enn ies ▁to ▁feed ▁their ▁habit ; ▁and ▁the ▁undert aker , ▁for ▁whom ▁Hog arth ▁implies ▁at ▁least ▁a ▁hand ful ▁of ▁new ▁customers ▁from ▁this ▁scene ▁alone . ▁Most ▁shock ingly , ▁the ▁focus ▁of ▁the ▁picture ▁is ▁a ▁woman ▁in ▁the ▁for eground , ▁who , ▁add led ▁by ▁g in ▁and |
▁driven ▁to ▁prost itution ▁by ▁her ▁habit ▁— as ▁ev iden ced ▁by ▁the ▁sy ph il it ic ▁s ores ▁on ▁her ▁legs — ▁lets ▁her ▁baby ▁s lip ▁un he eded ▁from ▁her ▁arms ▁and ▁pl unge ▁to ▁its ▁death ▁in ▁the ▁st air well ▁of ▁the ▁g in ▁cell ar ▁below . ▁Half - nak ed , ▁she ▁has ▁no ▁concern ▁for ▁anything ▁other ▁than ▁a ▁pin ch ▁of ▁sn uff . ▁This ▁mother ▁was ▁not ▁such ▁an ▁ex agger ation ▁as ▁she ▁might ▁appear : ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 4 , ▁Jud ith ▁D uf our ▁rec laimed ▁her ▁two - year - old ▁child ▁from ▁the ▁work house ▁where ▁it ▁had ▁been ▁given ▁a ▁new ▁set ▁of ▁clothes ; ▁she ▁then ▁str ang led ▁it ▁and ▁left ▁the ▁infant ' s ▁body ▁in ▁a ▁d itch ▁so ▁that ▁she ▁could ▁sell ▁the ▁clothes ▁( for ▁ 1 s . ▁ 4 d .) ▁to ▁buy ▁g in . ▁In ▁another ▁case , ▁an ▁elder ly ▁woman , ▁Mary ▁Est wick , ▁let ▁a ▁to dd ler ▁burn ▁to ▁death ▁while ▁she ▁sle pt ▁in ▁a ▁g in - indu ced ▁stup or . ▁ ▁Other ▁images ▁of ▁desp air ▁and ▁mad ness ▁fill ▁the ▁scene : ▁a ▁lun atic ▁cav ort s ▁in ▁the ▁street ▁be ating ▁himself ▁over ▁the ▁head ▁with ▁a ▁pair ▁of ▁bell ows ▁while ▁holding ▁a ▁baby ▁imp aled ▁on ▁a ▁sp ike — the ▁dead ▁child ' s ▁fr antic ▁mother ▁r |
ush es ▁from ▁the ▁house ▁sc ream ing ▁in ▁horror ; ▁a ▁bar ber ▁has ▁taken ▁his ▁own ▁life ▁in ▁the ▁dil ap id ated ▁att ic ▁of ▁his ▁bar ber - shop , ▁ru ined ▁because ▁nobody ▁can ▁afford ▁a ▁ha irc ut ▁or ▁sh ave ; ▁on ▁the ▁steps , ▁below ▁the ▁woman ▁who ▁has ▁let ▁her ▁baby ▁fall , ▁a ▁ske let al ▁pam ph let - s eller ▁rest s , ▁perhaps ▁dead ▁of ▁star v ation , ▁as ▁the ▁uns old ▁mor alis ing ▁pam ph let ▁on ▁the ▁ev ils ▁of ▁g in - dr inking , ▁The ▁Down fall ▁of ▁Mrs ▁G in , ▁sli ps ▁from ▁his ▁basket . ▁ ▁" First ▁stage ▁of ▁cruel ty " ▁Set ▁in ▁St ▁G iles , ▁the ▁et ch ing ▁shows ▁a ▁boy , ▁N ero , ▁is ▁being ▁assist ed ▁by ▁other ▁boys ▁tort uring ▁a ▁dog ▁by ▁inserting ▁an ▁arrow ▁into ▁its ▁rect um . ▁An ▁initial led ▁bad ge ▁on ▁the ▁shoulder ▁of ▁his ▁light - h ued ▁and ▁ra gg ed ▁coat ▁shows ▁him ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁pup il ▁of ▁the ▁char ity ▁school ▁of ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St ▁G iles . ▁A ▁more ▁tender - heart ed ▁boy , ▁perhaps ▁the ▁dog ' s ▁owner , ▁ple ads ▁with ▁N ero ▁to ▁stop ▁tor ment ing ▁the ▁fright ened ▁animal , ▁even ▁offering ▁food ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁appe ase ▁him . ▁ ▁Modern ▁govern ance ▁St ▁G iles ▁is ▁split ▁between ▁the |
▁elect oral ▁w ards ▁of ▁Blo oms bury ▁and ▁Hol born ▁and ▁Cov ent ▁Garden ▁in ▁the ▁London ▁Bor ough ▁of ▁Cam den . ▁With ▁some ▁sections ▁of ▁Hol born ▁and ▁Blo oms bury ▁it ▁forms ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Mid town ▁business ▁improvement ▁district . ▁It ▁is ▁within ▁the ▁Hol born ▁and ▁St ▁P anc ras ▁Parliament ▁constitu ency ▁and ▁the ▁Bar net ▁and ▁Cam den ▁London ▁Assembly ▁constitu ency . ▁ ▁Tot ten ham ▁Court ▁Road ▁t ube ▁station ▁ ▁The ▁Central ▁London ▁Railway ▁( CL R ) ▁opened ▁Tot ten ham ▁Court ▁T ube ▁Station , ▁between ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁and ▁St ▁G iles ▁Circ us ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁July ▁ 1 9 0 0 . ▁ ▁Tot ten ham ▁Court ▁Road ▁under w ent ▁improvements ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 3 0 s ▁to ▁replace ▁lif ts ▁with ▁es cal ators . ▁The ▁station ▁had ▁four ▁ent ran ces ▁to ▁the ▁sub - sur face ▁ticket ▁hall ▁from ▁the ▁north - east , ▁south - west ▁and ▁north - west ▁corners ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁Circ us ▁and ▁from ▁a ▁sub way ▁beneath ▁the ▁Centre point ▁building ▁which ▁starts ▁on ▁Andrew ▁Bor de ▁Street . ▁The ▁ent ran ces ▁were ▁frequently ▁con g ested ▁leading ▁to ▁occasions ▁during ▁peak ▁periods ▁of ▁the ▁day ▁when ▁they ▁were ▁briefly ▁closed ▁to ▁prevent ▁over c row ding ▁in ▁the ▁station . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁Transport ▁for ▁London ▁began ▁a |
▁major ▁reconst ruction ▁of ▁large ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁station . ▁Much ▁of ▁the ▁St ▁G iles ▁area ▁alongside ▁St ▁G iles ▁High ▁Street ▁has ▁been ▁cleared ▁to ▁make ▁way ▁for ▁the ▁new ▁development ▁including ▁Cross ra il ▁expansion . ▁The ▁Ast oria ▁theatre ▁on ▁Char ing ▁Cross ▁Road ▁has ▁been ▁demol ished ▁and ▁the ▁original ▁Central ▁line ▁ent ran ces ▁will ▁also ▁go . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Church ▁of ▁St ▁G iles ▁in ▁the ▁Field s ▁St ▁G iles ▁Circ us ▁St ▁G iles ▁District ▁( Met ropol is ) ▁Central ▁Saint ▁G iles ▁The ▁Phoenix ▁Garden ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : A reas ▁of ▁London ▁Category : D istrict s ▁of ▁the ▁London ▁Bor ough ▁of ▁Cam den ▁Category : Form er ▁sl ums ▁of ▁London ▁Category : Form er ▁civil ▁par ishes ▁in ▁London ▁Category : B ills ▁of ▁mort ality ▁par ishes ▁▁▁ ▁ur : س ی ن <0xD9> <0xB9> ▁ گ ا ئ ی ل ز ، ▁ ل ن د ن <0x0A> </s> ▁The o ▁Vog els ang ▁( born ▁February ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 1 9 9 0 ) ▁is ▁a ▁German ▁footballer ▁who ▁plays ▁as ▁an ▁attack ing ▁mid f iel der . ▁He ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁Dutch ▁E er ste ▁Div isie ▁for ▁Go ▁A head ▁E ag les ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁ 3 . ▁Liga ▁for ▁K ick ers ▁Off en bach . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people |
▁Category : G erman ▁people ▁of ▁Russian ▁descent ▁Category : G erman ▁football ers ▁Category : E red iv isie ▁players ▁Category : E er ste ▁Div isie ▁players ▁Category : FC ▁Tw ente ▁players ▁Category : Go ▁A head ▁E ag les ▁players ▁Category : PE C ▁Zw ol le ▁players ▁Category : 3 . ▁Liga ▁players ▁Category : K ick ers ▁Off en bach ▁players ▁ ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁mid field ers <0x0A> </s> ▁P ht he och ro a ▁de ima ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁moth ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁T ort ric idae . ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Mexico ▁in ▁Mexico . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M oth s ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁Category : P ht he och ro a <0x0A> </s> ▁Cry ▁Like ▁a ▁Baby ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁album ▁by ▁the ▁Box ▁T ops . ▁The ▁title ▁song ▁was ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁single ▁and ▁reached ▁# 2 ▁in ▁April ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁on ▁the ▁Billboard ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁chart , ▁a ▁position ▁which ▁it ▁held ▁for ▁two ▁weeks . ▁It ▁was ▁kept ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁top ▁spot ▁by ▁Bobby ▁G olds bor o ' s ▁" H oney ". ▁ ▁Background ▁The ▁original ▁vin yl ▁album ▁con cludes ▁with ▁a ▁slow ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁" You ▁Keep ▁Me ▁H ang in ' ▁On ", ▁which ▁was ▁a ▁hit ▁for ▁The ▁Sup rem es ▁in ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 |
6 . ▁The ▁Box ▁T ops ▁version ▁is ▁similar ▁to , ▁but ▁shorter ▁than , ▁the ▁version ▁recorded ▁by ▁Van illa ▁F ud ge ▁on ▁its ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁debut ▁album . ▁Music ian ▁and ▁record ▁producer ▁Jim ▁Dick inson ▁said ▁of ▁this ▁album ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁" M emph is ▁pop ▁production ▁at ▁its ▁best , ▁on ▁par ▁with ▁the ▁great ▁D ust y ▁In ▁M emph is , ▁recorded ▁by ▁the ▁same ▁cast ▁of ▁characters ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁period . ▁Those ▁two ▁records ▁were ▁as ▁good ▁as ▁it ▁gets ." ▁According ▁to ▁Alex ▁Ch il ton ▁bi ograph er ▁Hol ly ▁George - W ar ren , ▁the ▁studio ▁band ▁for ▁all ▁tracks ▁except ▁" You ▁Keep ▁Me ▁H ang in ' ▁On " ▁was ▁the ▁house ▁band ▁at ▁America ▁Sound ▁Studio , ▁sometimes ▁known ▁as ▁" The ▁M emph is ▁Boys ", ▁augment ed ▁by ▁Spo on er ▁Old ham ▁on ▁key boards ▁and ▁other ▁mus icians ▁playing ▁br ass , ▁wood wind , ▁and ▁string ed ▁instruments . ▁The ▁Box ▁T ops ▁themselves ▁accompanied ▁Ch il ton ▁on ▁" You ▁Keep ▁Me ▁H anging ▁On ". ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁Writing ▁for ▁All music , ▁music ▁critic ▁Steve ▁Kur utz ▁called ▁the ▁title ▁song ▁" a ▁perfect ▁slice ▁of ▁blue - ey ed ▁soul " ▁and ▁summar ized ; ▁" All ▁in ▁all , ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁" C ry ▁Like ▁a ▁Baby ," ▁an ▁album ▁that ▁could ' ve ▁potentially ▁contained ▁some ▁real ▁g ems |
▁just ▁doesn ' t ." ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁All ▁tracks ▁composed ▁by ▁Dan ▁P enn ▁and ▁Spo on er ▁Old ham ; ▁except ▁where ▁indicated ▁" C ry ▁Like ▁a ▁Baby " ▁– ▁ 2 : 3 2 ▁" De ep ▁in ▁Kentucky " ▁( B ill ▁David son ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 0 9 ▁" I ' m ▁the ▁One ▁for ▁You " ▁( Har old ▁Thomas , ▁Lee ▁W . ▁Jones , ▁Jr .) ▁– ▁ 3 : 0 3 ▁" We eping ▁An ale ah " ▁( Dan ▁Fol ger , ▁Mic key ▁New bury ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 0 2 ▁" Every time " ▁– ▁ 2 : 3 3 ▁" Fields ▁of ▁Clo ver " ▁– ▁ 2 : 4 9 ▁" Tr ouble ▁with ▁Sam " ▁( Dan ▁P enn ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 1 4 ▁" L ost " ▁( G len ▁S pre en , ▁Mark ▁James ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 2 7 ▁" Good ▁Mor ning ▁D ear " ▁( M ic key ▁New bury ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 3 8 ▁" 7 2 7 " ▁– ▁ 2 : 1 6 ▁" You ▁Keep ▁Me ▁H ang in ' ▁On " ▁( Hol land – D oz ier – Hol land ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 4 5 ▁ ▁CD ▁bonus ▁tracks ▁" C ry ▁Like ▁a ▁Baby " ▁( Dig it ally ▁Rem aster ed ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 3 2 ▁" The ▁Do or ▁You |
▁Cl osed ▁to ▁Me " ▁- ▁ 2 : 3 9 ▁" You ▁Keep ▁T ight ening ▁Up ▁On ▁Me " ▁( W ay ne ▁Car son ▁Thompson ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 5 2 ▁" Come ▁on ▁H oney " ▁( Alex ▁Ch il ton ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 2 4 ▁" Take ▁Me ▁to ▁Your ▁Heart " ▁( B illy ▁W ade ▁McK night ) ▁- ▁ 2 : 3 6 ▁ ▁Person nel ▁Alex ▁Ch il ton ▁– ▁lead ▁vocals , ▁guitar ▁Bill ▁C unning ham ▁– ▁bass ▁John ▁Evans ▁– ▁key boards ▁D anny ▁S my the ▁– ▁drums ▁Gary ▁Tal ley ▁– ▁guitar , ▁background ▁vocals ▁Rick ▁Allen ▁- ▁bass , ▁key boards ▁Thomas ▁Bog gs ▁- ▁drums ▁Tommy ▁C og b ill ▁- ▁bass ▁Reg gie ▁Young ▁- ▁guitar ▁The ▁M emph is ▁Horn s ▁- ▁horn s ▁Gene ▁Chris man ▁- ▁drums ▁Dan ▁P enn ▁- ▁producer ▁Spo on er ▁Old ham ▁- ▁key boards ▁Terry ▁Mann ing ▁- ▁engineer , ▁har ps ich ord ▁with : ▁Mike ▁Le ech ▁- ▁string ▁arrang ements ▁Frank ▁L erner ▁- ▁cover ▁phot ography ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Classic ▁Rock ▁B ands : ▁Box ▁T ops ▁Inter view ▁with ▁Box ▁T ops ▁bass ist ▁Bill ▁C unning ham ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 8 ▁albums ▁Category : B ell ▁Records ▁albums ▁Category : S und az ed ▁Records ▁albums ▁Category : The ▁Box ▁T ops ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Ch ips ▁M |
oman <0x0A> </s> ▁An ▁al umn us ▁of ▁St ▁Stephen ' s ▁College , ▁Del hi ▁is ▁also ▁called ▁a ▁Ste phan ian . ▁Al umn i ▁of ▁the ▁college ▁include ▁distinguished ▁people ▁from ▁various ▁fields , ▁including ▁several ▁M embers ▁of ▁Parliament ▁( MP ) ▁in ▁India , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁Pres idents ▁of ▁three ▁countries . ▁The ▁names ▁in ▁this ▁list ▁are ▁presented ▁in ▁alphabet ical ▁order ▁of ▁surname / family ▁name . ▁This ▁is ▁not ▁an ▁exhaust ive ▁list . ▁ ▁Polit icians , ▁jud ges ▁and ▁b ureau cr ats ▁▁ ▁Jar b om ▁Gam lin , ▁former ▁chief ▁minister ▁of ▁ar un anch al ▁pr adesh ▁Par vez ▁D ew an , well ▁known ▁I AS ▁officer . ▁A j ay ▁Nar ay an ▁J ha , ▁member ▁of ▁ 1 5 th ▁fin ance ▁commission . ▁ ▁Vin ay ▁She el ▁Ober oi , ▁notable ▁I AS ▁officer ▁Nav in ▁Ch aw la , ▁former ▁chief ▁election ▁commission er ▁of ▁India ▁ ▁A j it ▁S eth , 3 0 th ▁Cab inet ▁Secretary ▁of ▁India . ▁ ▁Monte k ▁Singh ▁A hl uw alia , ▁econom ist ; ▁Deput y ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁Pl anning ▁Commission ; ▁former ▁Fin ance ▁Secretary ▁▁ ▁J ave ed ▁A hm ad , ▁IP S , ▁Director ▁of ▁National ▁Institute ▁of ▁C rimin ology ▁and ▁For ens ic ▁Sciences , ▁and ▁former ▁Director ▁General ▁of ▁U tt ar ▁Pr adesh ▁Police . ▁▁ ▁F ak hr ud din |
▁Ali ▁Ah med ▁( 1 9 0 5 - 1 9 7 7 ), ▁former ▁President ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Nur ud din ▁Ah med ▁( 1 9 0 4 - 1 9 7 5 ), ▁bar r ister , ▁three - time ▁Mayor ▁of ▁Del hi ▁and ▁Pad ma ▁Bh ush an ▁recip ient ▁▁ ▁Man i ▁Sh ank ar ▁A i yar , ▁MP , ▁former ▁Cab inet ▁Minister ▁▁ ▁As af ▁Ali ▁( 1 8 8 8 - 1 9 5 3 ), ▁Indian ▁amb assador ▁to ▁the ▁US , ▁Governor ▁of ▁Od ish a ▁▁ ▁Pr aty aya ▁Am rit , ▁I AS , ▁Princi pal ▁Secretary ▁in ▁Government ▁of ▁Bi har ▁▁ ▁K aus h ik ▁Bas u , ▁econom ist ; ▁Senior ▁Vice ▁President ▁and ▁Chief ▁Econom ist ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁Bank ; ▁former ▁CE A ▁to ▁the ▁Government ▁▁ ▁Ran j ib ▁Bis wal , ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament , ▁Raj ya ▁Sab ha ▁▁ ▁D han an j aya ▁Y . ▁Ch and rach ud , ▁Judge , ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Pul ok ▁Ch atter ji , ▁I AS , ▁Princi pal ▁Secretary ▁to ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁India ▁( 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 4 ) ▁▁ ▁Sh akt ik anta ▁Das , ▁ 2 5 th ▁Governor ▁of ▁the ▁Reserve ▁Bank ▁of ▁India . ▁▁ ▁Sw apan ▁Das gu pta , ▁Raj ya ▁Sab ha ▁MP ▁Kam lesh ▁Sh arma , ▁notable ▁I FS ▁officer ▁ ▁San deep ▁D ik |
sh it , ▁MP ▁▁ ▁Jar b om ▁Gam lin ▁( 1 9 6 1 - 2 0 1 4 ), ▁former ▁Chief ▁Minister ▁of ▁Ar un ach al ▁Pr adesh ▁▁ ▁G op alk r ish na ▁Gand hi , ▁I AS , ▁former ▁Governor ▁of ▁West ▁Beng al ▁▁ ▁Rah ul ▁Gand hi , ▁MP , ▁President ▁Congress ▁▁ ▁Ran jan ▁G og oi , ▁ 4 6 th ▁Chief ▁Justice ▁of ▁India ▁( 2 0 1 8 – 2 0 1 9 ) ▁▁ ▁V ij ay ▁K es hav ▁G ok h ale , ▁I FS , ▁the ▁current ▁and ▁ 3 2 nd ▁Foreign ▁Secretary ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Ind raj it ▁Gu pta ▁( 1 9 1 9 - 2 0 0 1 ), ▁former ▁MP ▁and ▁Home ▁Minister ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Lieutenant ▁General ▁Sy ed ▁A ta ▁Has n ain , ▁high ▁ranking ▁officer ▁of ▁the ▁Indian ▁Army ▁▁ ▁Sub rah many am ▁Ja ish ank ar , ▁I FS , ▁Foreign ▁Secretary ▁of ▁India , External ▁Affairs ▁Minister ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁A j ay ▁Nar ay an ▁J ha , ▁former ▁Fin ance ▁Secretary ▁and ▁member ▁of ▁Fif teenth ▁Fin ance ▁Commission ▁▁ ▁Am it ab h ▁Kant , ▁CE O ▁of ▁N IT I ▁A ay og ▁( 2 0 1 6 – inc umb ent ) ▁ ▁San j ay ▁K ish an ▁Ka ul , ▁Judge , ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁V ij ay endra ▁N ath ▁Ka ul , ▁former ▁Com |
pt roller ▁and ▁Aud itor ▁General ▁of ▁India ▁( 2 0 0 2 - 2 0 0 8 ) ▁▁ ▁Am it ▁Kh are , ▁I AS , ▁Princi pal ▁Secretary ▁( Fin ance ), ▁Government ▁of ▁J h ark hand ▁▁ ▁Sal man ▁Kh ur sh id , ▁Ex ▁MP , ▁External ▁Affairs ▁Minister , ▁former ▁Law ▁Minister ▁▁ ▁Mad an ▁Lok ur , ▁Judge , ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Ar un ▁Mai ra , ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Pl anning ▁Commission ▁▁ ▁At ishi ▁Mar l ena , ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Political ▁Affairs ▁Committee ▁of ▁A am ▁A ad mi ▁Party ▁▁ ▁Sh iv sh ank ar ▁Men on , ▁I FS , ▁former ▁ ▁National ▁Security ▁Ad vis er ▁of ▁India ( 1 7 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁– ▁ 2 8 ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 4 ) ▁▁ ▁Raj iv ▁Me hr ishi , ▁I AS , ▁Current ▁Com pt roller ▁and ▁Aud itor ▁General ▁of ▁India , ▁former ▁Home ▁Secretary ▁and ▁Fin ance ▁Secretary ▁of ▁India . ▁▁ ▁Ch and an ▁Mit ra , ▁EX - R aj ya ▁Sab ha ▁MP ▁▁ ▁N ave en ▁Pat na ik , ▁ 1 4 th ▁Chief ▁Minister ▁of ▁Od ish a ▁( 2 0 0 0 – inc umb ent ) ▁▁ ▁Sach in ▁Pil ot , ▁Deput y ▁Chief ▁Minister , ▁Raj as than ▁▁ ▁Ch hot u ▁Ram ▁( 1 8 8 1 - 1 9 4 5 ), ▁pre - partition ▁politician , |
▁kn ight ed ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁▁ ▁Ar un ▁Sh our ie , ▁journalist ▁and ▁econom ist ▁with ▁the ▁World ▁Bank ▁▁ ▁Har sh ▁V ard han ▁S hr ing la , ▁an ▁I FS ▁officer ▁and ▁the ▁current ▁Indian ▁Amb assador ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁▁ ▁Kap il ▁Sib al , ▁MP , ▁former ▁Law ▁Minister ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Nat war ▁Singh , ▁MP , ▁former ▁Foreign ▁Minister ▁of ▁India ▁ ▁R . K . ▁Singh , ▁I AS , ▁former ▁Home ▁Secretary ▁to ▁the ▁Government ▁of ▁India , ▁Minister ▁of ▁State ▁( Ind ep endent ▁Char ge ) ▁for ▁Power ▁and ▁Ren ew able ▁Energy , ▁Minister ▁of ▁State ▁for ▁Sk ill ▁Development ▁and ▁Entre pr ene ur ship . ▁▁ ▁Vir b had ra ▁Singh , ▁Chief ▁Minister ▁of ▁Him ach al ▁Pr adesh ▁▁ ▁Pra deep ▁K umar ▁Sin ha , ▁I AS , ▁Cab inet ▁Secretary ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Ar v ind ▁Sub ram an ian , ▁Chief ▁Econom ic ▁Ad vis er ▁to ▁Government ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Sh ashi ▁Th aro or , ▁MP , ▁former ▁Minister ▁of ▁State , ▁former ▁Under - Secret ary - General ▁of ▁the ▁UN ▁▁ ▁Pra j ap ati ▁T riv edi , ▁econom ist ▁and ▁first ▁Secretary , ▁Performance ▁Management ▁Division , ▁Cab inet ▁Secret ariat ▁▁ ▁S itar am ▁Y ech uri , ▁General ▁Secretary ▁of ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ ▁Alo k ▁Ver ma , ▁Form er ▁Director ▁of |
▁Central ▁Bureau ▁of ▁Investig ation ▁▁ ▁Ar v ind ▁Vir man i , ▁former ▁Chief ▁Econom ic ▁Ad vis er ▁to ▁Government ▁of ▁India ▁▁ ▁Muhammad ▁Z ia - ul - Ha q ▁( 1 9 2 4 - 1 9 8 8 ), ▁former ▁President ▁of ▁Pakistan ▁Ash ok ▁Kam te ▁( 1 9 6 5 - 2 0 0 8 ), ▁officer ▁of ▁Indian ▁Police ▁Services , kil led ▁in ▁action ▁during ▁ 2 6 / 1 1 ▁attack . ▁Ja im ini ▁Bh ag w ati , an ▁I FS ▁officer ▁and ▁World ▁bank ▁econom ist . ▁Sw ash p aw an ▁Singh , Intern ational ▁political ▁anal yst ▁Pul ok ▁Ch atter ji , C ivil ▁servant ▁Al w yn ▁Did ar ▁Singh , a ▁former ▁civil ▁servant ▁and ▁former ▁secretary ▁general ▁of ▁F CC CI . ▁N aje eb ▁Jung , former ▁lieutenant ▁governor ▁of ▁Del hi . ▁A ▁P ▁Singh , former ▁director ▁of ▁C BI ▁Am ir ▁Ch and ▁Bomb wal , fre edom ▁f ighter ▁ ▁Business ▁▁ ▁Rah ul ▁B aj aj , ▁Chair man , ▁B aj aj ▁Group ▁ ▁A j ay pal ▁Singh ▁B anga , ▁CE O ▁of ▁Master Card ▁ ▁San je ev ▁B ikh ch and ani , ▁founder ▁of ▁Nau k ri . com ▁ ▁Pi y ush ▁Gu pta , ▁CE O , ▁DB S ▁Bank ▁ ▁S idd har tha ▁L al , ▁CE O , ▁E icher ▁Mot ors ▁ ▁Ivan ▁M enez es |
, ▁CE O ▁of ▁Di age o ▁ ▁Pi y ush ▁P ande y , ▁Executive ▁Chair man ▁and ▁Creative ▁Director , ▁Og il vy ▁and ▁M ather ▁India ▁and ▁South ▁Asia ▁ ▁V ip ul ▁V ed ▁P rak ash , ▁Internet ▁entrepr ene ur ▁and ▁co - found er ▁of ▁T ops y ▁and ▁Cloud mark ▁ ▁Mad an ▁Moh an ▁Sab har wal , ▁business ▁executive , ▁social ▁worker ▁and ▁Pad ma ▁Sh ri ▁aw arde e ▁ ▁Mal v inder ▁Moh an ▁Singh , ▁Co - found er , ▁Fort is ▁Health care ▁ ▁Sh iv inder ▁Moh an ▁Singh , ▁Co - found er , ▁Fort is ▁Health care ▁ ▁S hr ad ha ▁Sh arma , ▁Found er ▁& ▁CE O ▁your story . com ▁ ▁Perform ing ▁arts ▁▁▁ ▁S idd har tha ▁Bas u , ▁qu iz ▁master ▁ ▁Kab ir ▁Bed i , ▁actor ▁ ▁Rich a ▁Ch ad ha , ▁actress ▁ ▁Saf dar ▁Hash mi , ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁J ana ▁Nat ya ▁Man ch ▁ ▁She k har ▁Kap ur , ▁director ▁and ▁producer ▁ ▁Ar un ima ▁K umar , ▁k uch ip udi ▁dan cer ▁▁ ▁Ra am ▁Red dy , ▁director , ▁Th ith i ▁ ▁Ros han ▁S eth , ▁actor ▁ ▁Kon k ana ▁Sen ▁Sh arma , ▁actor ▁ ▁Sur aj ▁Sh arma , ▁actor ▁( did ▁not ▁gradu ate ) ▁ ▁Writ ers , ▁po ets , ▁artists ▁and ▁critics ▁▁▁ ▁S ae |
ed ▁A hm ad ▁Ak bar ab adi ▁( 1 9 0 8 - 1 9 8 5 ), ▁Indian ▁Islam ic ▁scholar , ▁served ▁St . ▁Stephen ' s ▁College , ▁Del hi ▁as ▁lect urer ▁in ▁his ▁career . ▁ ▁Up am any u ▁Ch atter je e , ▁I AS , ▁author ▁ ▁Y ash ica ▁D utt , ▁writer ▁ ▁Raj m oh an ▁Gand hi , ▁bi ograph er ▁ ▁Am it av ▁Gh osh , ▁author ▁ ▁Ram ach andra ▁Gu ha , ▁author ▁ ▁M uk ul ▁K es avan ▁ ▁Raj iv ▁Mal hot ra , ▁author , ▁phil anth rop ist , ▁intellectual , ▁writer ; ▁speaker ▁on ▁current ▁affairs , ▁world ▁relig ions ▁and ▁cross ▁cultural ▁interactions ▁between ▁East ▁and ▁West ▁ ▁M ammen ▁Mat hew , ▁Chief ▁Editor ▁of ▁the ▁Mal ay ala ▁Man or ama , ▁Pad ma ▁Sh ri ▁aw arde e ▁ ▁Jan ice ▁P ariat , ▁author ▁ ▁Kh ush w ant ▁Singh ▁( 1 9 1 5 - 2 0 1 4 ), ▁author ▁Prem ▁Be h ari ▁Nar ain ▁Ra izada , ▁call ig raph er ▁and ▁writer ▁of ▁the ▁Constitution ▁of ▁India ▁ ▁Ra am ▁Red dy , ▁author , ▁film maker ▁ ▁Ram k umar ▁Ver ma ▁( 1 9 0 5 - 1 9 9 0 ), ▁H indi ▁poet ▁ ▁Ja ide ep ▁Sa ik ia , ▁author ▁ ▁Kan ika ▁D h illon , ▁author ▁and ▁screen writer ▁ ▁Art ▁▁▁ |
▁Sh ak ti ▁Mai ra , ▁artist , ▁sculpt or , ▁writer ▁ ▁Raj ee v ▁S eth i , ▁art ▁cur ator , ▁scen ograph er , ▁designer ▁ ▁Science ▁and ▁academ ics ▁▁ ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁top most ▁research ers ▁of ▁the ▁country ▁at ▁institutions ▁like ▁T IF R , ▁J NC AS R , ▁II Sc , ▁II SER s ▁are ▁Steph ani ans . ▁ ▁V . ▁Bal ak r ish nan , ▁The oret ical ▁phys ic ist ▁ ▁Sur aj ▁N . ▁Gu pta , ▁The oret ical ▁phys ic ist ▁ ▁Deep ak ▁K umar ▁( 1 9 4 6 - 2 0 1 6 ), ▁C ele br ated ▁phys ic ist ▁& ▁Sh anti ▁Sw ar up ▁B hat n agar ▁la ure ate ▁ ▁Div ya ▁D w ived i , ▁Not ed ▁Phil os opher ▁ ▁Sat ish ▁Ch andra ▁Mah esh w ari ▁( 1 9 3 3 - 2 0 1 9 ), ▁M ole cular ▁bi ologist ▁& ▁Sh anti ▁Sw ar up ▁B hat n agar ▁Prize ▁recip ient ▁ ▁Sh aj ▁Moh an , ▁C ele br ated ▁Phil os opher ▁ ▁Am rita ▁Nar lik ar , ▁ ▁San j ay ▁J ain , Reader ▁in ▁international ▁political ▁economy ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Cambridge ▁ ▁Va id yes war an ▁Raj aram an , ▁Computer ▁pione er ▁& ▁Pad ma ▁Bh ush an ▁recip ient ▁ ▁Mar o of ▁R aza , ▁Def ence ▁anal yst |
, ▁writer ▁& ▁educational ist ▁An up am ▁Sa ik ia , ▁Not ed ▁math ematic ian ▁San j ay ▁J ain , ▁British ▁Econom ist ▁Su v rat ▁Raj u , ▁The oret ical ▁phys ic ist ▁Sar ab j it ▁Ban er je e , ▁Professor ▁at ▁Texas ▁A & M . ▁Pra deep ▁Dub ey , ▁Game ▁the or ist ▁and ▁professor ▁at ▁Y ale ▁P ran ▁N ath , ▁ ▁Not ed ▁particle ▁phys ic ist . ▁Sh ail endra ▁Raj ▁Me ht a , ▁President ▁& ▁Director ▁of ▁M IC A ▁Deep ak ▁N ay yar , ▁Pro ff es or ▁of ▁Econom ics ▁at ▁J NU ▁Ar v ind ▁Vir man i , ▁Not ed ▁Econom ist ▁Mih ir ▁Shah , ▁Member ▁of ▁erst while ▁planning ▁commission ▁R oh ini ▁P ande , ▁a ▁well ▁known ▁econom ist ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁development al ▁econom ics ▁Ab h ij it ▁Sen , ▁Form er ▁member ▁of ▁planning ▁commission ▁ ▁Media ▁and ▁journal ism ▁▁ ▁G aur av ▁A ry a , ▁consult ing ▁editor ▁and ▁host ▁of ▁Patri ot ▁on ▁Republic ▁TV , ▁retired ▁as ▁a ▁Major ▁in ▁the ▁Indian ▁Army . ▁R ag hav ▁B ahl , ▁former ▁Director ▁of ▁Network ▁ 1 8 ▁Group , ▁founder ▁of ▁The ▁Quint ▁ ▁Sh ere en ▁B han , ▁Man aging ▁Editor ▁of ▁C N BC - TV 1 8 ▁and ▁World ▁Econom ic ▁Forum ' s ▁Young ▁Global ▁Le aders ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁ ▁A |
j it ▁Bh attach ar je a ▁( 1 9 2 4 - 2 0 1 1 ), ▁newspaper ▁editor , ▁the ▁H indust an ▁Times , ▁The ▁Times ▁of ▁India ▁and ▁The ▁Indian ▁Express ▁R itu ▁Kap ur , ▁media ▁entrepr ene ur ▁ ▁Par ag ▁K umar ▁Das , ▁human ▁rights ▁activ ist ▁and ▁Ass am ese ▁journalist ▁assass in ated ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁Sw apan ▁Das gu pta , ▁senior ▁journalist ▁and ▁political ▁column ist ▁ ▁David ▁Dev adas , ▁journalist , ▁writer ▁and ▁column ist ; ▁expert ▁on ▁K ash mir ▁conflict , ▁known ▁for ▁crit ically ▁acc laimed ▁book ▁In ▁Search ▁of ▁a ▁Future : ▁The ▁Story ▁of ▁K ash mir ▁ ▁B ark ha ▁D utt , ▁television ▁journalist , ▁column ist , ▁group ▁editor ▁with ▁N D TV ▁ ▁S agar ika ▁Gh ose , ▁journalist , ▁news ▁anchor ▁and ▁author ▁ ▁S idd har th ▁K ak , ▁document ary ▁film maker ▁and ▁cre ator ▁of ▁TV ▁show ▁Sur ab hi ▁ ▁Ar un ▁Sh our ie , ▁journalist , ▁author ▁and ▁politician ▁ ▁Son ia ▁Singh , ▁Editor ial ▁Director ▁of ▁N D TV ▁ ▁George ▁Ver gh ese ▁( 1 9 2 7 – 2 0 1 4 ), ▁editor ▁of ▁the ▁H indust an ▁Times ▁and ▁The ▁Indian ▁Express , ▁winner ▁of ▁the ▁Ram on ▁M ags ays ay ▁Award ▁ ▁Sports ▁▁▁ ▁George ▁Abraham , ▁founder ▁of ▁World ▁Bl ind ▁Cr icket ▁Council ▁( W BC ) |
▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Official ▁al umn i ▁list ▁ ▁Steph ani ans <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Fine ▁Print ▁is ▁a ▁collection ▁of ▁un re leased ▁material ▁by ▁the ▁Drive - By ▁T ruck ers ▁mostly ▁recorded ▁throughout ▁the ▁making ▁of ▁their ▁albums ▁Dec oration ▁Day ▁and ▁The ▁D irty ▁South ; ▁a ▁highly ▁pro l ific ▁period ▁for ▁the ▁band . ▁It ▁features ▁album ▁art work ▁and ▁a ▁sample ▁of ▁concert ▁post ers ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁by ▁Wes ▁Fre ed , ▁and ▁is ▁produced ▁by ▁David ▁Bar be . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁The ▁Fine ▁Print ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁Drive - By ▁Tru cker ▁album ▁to ▁include ▁covers ▁of ▁other ▁artist ' s ▁original ▁record ings ; ▁most ▁not ably ▁" R eb els " ▁by ▁Tom ▁Pet ty , ▁and ▁" Like ▁a ▁Rol ling ▁Stone " ▁by ▁Bob ▁D yl an . ▁ ▁The ▁latter ▁of ▁these ▁songs ▁has ▁each ▁of ▁its ▁four ▁vers es ▁s ung ▁in ▁rotation ▁by ▁H ood , ▁T ucker , ▁Is bell , ▁and ▁Co ole y . ▁ ▁Two ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁on ▁the ▁album , ▁" Un cle ▁Frank " ▁and ▁" Go ode ' s ▁Field ▁Road " ▁are ▁alternate ▁takes ▁of ▁songs ▁released ▁on ▁other ▁Drive - By ▁T ruck ers ▁albums . ▁ ▁" Un cle ▁Frank " ▁has ▁only ▁minor ▁differences ▁from ▁the ▁original ▁as ▁heard ▁on ▁P izza ▁Del iver ance , ▁while ▁" Go ode ' s ▁Field ▁Road " ▁is ▁much ▁harder |
▁and ▁faster ▁than ▁the ▁slower ▁pac ed ▁track ▁eventually ▁recorded ▁for ▁Br ighter ▁Th an ▁Cre ation ' s ▁Dark . ▁ ▁The ▁Fine ▁Print ▁version ▁of ▁" Go ode ' s ▁Field ▁Road " ▁almost ▁made ▁it ▁onto ▁The ▁D irty ▁South , ▁but ▁at ▁the ▁last ▁minute ▁was ▁switched ▁for ▁" Look out ▁Mountain ". ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁album ▁was ▁recorded ▁during ▁Jason ▁Is bell ' s ▁ten ure ▁with ▁the ▁Drive - By ▁T ruck ers , ▁two ▁of ▁his ▁songs ▁as ▁performed ▁by ▁the ▁Drive - By ▁T ruck ers ▁were ▁also ▁included . ▁ ▁Though ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁when ▁Jay ▁Gonz ale z ▁was ▁already ▁an ▁official ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁band , ▁he ▁does ▁not ▁make ▁an ▁appearance ▁on ▁The ▁Fine ▁Print ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁recording ▁dates ▁of ▁the ▁tracks . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁" Ge orge ▁Jones ▁T alk in ' ▁Cell ▁Phone ▁Blues " ▁- ▁ 4 : 0 8 ▁( P atter son ▁H ood ) ▁" R eb els " ▁- ▁ 4 : 5 3 ▁( Tom ▁Pet ty ) ▁" Un cle ▁Frank " ▁- ▁ 5 : 2 2 ▁( altern ate ▁version ) ▁( M ike ▁Co ole y ) ▁" TV A " ▁- ▁ 6 : 5 7 ▁( J ason ▁Is bell ) ▁" Go ode ' s ▁Field ▁Road " ▁- ▁ 4 : 1 5 ▁( altern ate ▁version ) ▁( H ood ) ▁" The ▁Great ▁Car ▁De aler |
▁War " ▁- ▁ 5 : 3 8 ▁( H ood ) ▁" M ama ▁B ake ▁a ▁Pie ▁( D addy ▁Kill ▁A ▁Ch icken )" ▁- ▁ 3 : 2 0 ▁( Tom ▁T . ▁Hall ) ▁" When ▁The ▁Well ▁R uns ▁D ry " ▁- ▁ 4 : 1 0 ▁( Is bell ) ▁" M rs . ▁Cla us ' ▁Kim ono " ▁- ▁ 4 : 2 6 ▁( H ood ) ▁" Play ▁It ▁All ▁Night ▁Long " ▁- ▁ 5 : 1 0 ▁( W ar ren ▁Ze von ) ▁" L ittle ▁P ony ▁And ▁The ▁Great ▁Big ▁Hor se " ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 8 ▁( Co ole y ) ▁" Like ▁a ▁Rol ling ▁Stone " ▁- ▁ 6 : 0 2 ▁( Bob ▁D yl an ) ▁ ▁Person nel ▁P atter son ▁H ood ▁- ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Mike ▁Co ole y ▁- ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Jason ▁Is bell ▁- ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Brad ▁Morgan ▁- ▁drums , ▁vocals ▁Sh onna ▁T ucker ▁- ▁bass , ▁vocals ▁John ▁Ne ff ▁- ▁guitar , ▁ped al ▁steel ▁ ▁Ch arts ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : D rive - By ▁T ruck ers ▁albums ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : New ▁West ▁Records ▁compilation ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Hav ana ▁Central ▁( ; ▁the ▁" Cent ral ▁Railway ▁Station ", ▁), ▁is ▁the ▁main ▁railway ▁terminal ▁in ▁Hav ana ▁and ▁the ▁largest ▁railway ▁station ▁in ▁Cuba , ▁is |
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