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. ▁It ▁is ▁tempt ing ▁to ▁identify ▁this ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁as ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁cons ul ▁of ▁the ▁year ▁ 8 4 , ▁G ai us ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus , ▁who ▁was ▁killed ▁by ▁the ▁Da ci ans ▁the ▁following ▁year . ▁The ▁fil iation ▁of ▁the ▁younger ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus , ▁" C . f ." ▁or ▁" G ai us ▁fil ius ", ▁supports ▁this ▁sur m ise . ▁The ▁name ▁elements ▁" Jul ius ▁Nep os " ▁could ▁refer ▁to ▁his ▁mat ernal ▁grand father . ▁And ▁the ▁last ▁four ▁elements ▁of ▁his ▁name , ▁" Man ius ▁V ib ius ▁Sol lem nis ▁Sever us " ▁could ▁come ▁from ▁the ▁man ▁who ▁adopted ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁after ▁his ▁father ' s ▁death ▁and ▁raised ▁him . ▁However , ▁the ▁primary ▁ob jection ▁to ▁this ▁sur m ise ▁is ▁that ▁were ▁the ▁younger ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁cons ul ▁of ▁ 8 4 , ▁he ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁considered ▁a ▁nob iles , ▁or ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Sen atorial ▁class , ▁and ▁not ▁in ▁need ▁of ▁being ▁ad lect ed ▁into ▁the ▁Senate . ▁Further , ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁record ▁of ▁either ▁a ▁Julius ▁Nep os ▁or ▁Man ius ▁V ib ius ▁Sol lem nis ▁Sever us ▁living ▁at ▁the ▁appropriate ▁time . ▁One ▁could ▁argue ▁further ▁that ▁both ▁men ▁were ▁of ▁the ▁e quest rian ▁class , ▁which ▁would ▁explain ▁their ▁obsc urity , |
▁but ▁this ▁ver ges ▁on ▁special ▁ple ading . ▁The ▁only ▁safe ▁inference ▁from ▁his ▁name ▁is ▁that ▁the ▁young ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁was ▁a ▁native ▁of ▁the ▁coun tr ys ide ▁near ▁Rome , ▁as ▁were ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁O pp ii ▁Sab ini . ▁▁ ▁As ▁for ▁the ▁dates ▁of ▁his ▁career , ▁little ▁improvement ▁can ▁be ▁made ▁on ▁the ▁conclusion ▁originally ▁offered ▁by ▁Att ilio ▁D egr ass i ▁and ▁since ▁accepted ▁by ▁Gé za ▁Alf öld y ▁that ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁acc eded ▁to ▁the ▁cons ulate ▁between ▁the ▁years ▁ 1 3 0 ▁and ▁ 1 3 8 . ▁The ▁time ▁required ▁to ▁pass ▁through ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁offices ▁and ▁appoint ments ▁following ▁his ▁pra et or ship ▁would ▁take ▁at ▁a ▁minimum ▁ 1 0 ▁years : ▁assuming ▁Had rian ▁promoted ▁him ▁to ▁the ▁Senate ▁immediately ▁after ▁his ▁own ▁elev ation ▁to ▁em peror ▁in ▁ 1 1 8 , ▁and ▁add ▁a ▁year ▁for ▁his ▁pra et or ship , ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁leg atus ▁to ▁the ▁governor ▁of ▁Ba et ica ▁in ▁ 1 2 0 / 1 2 1 ▁( wh ose ▁identity ▁we ▁do ▁not ▁know ), ▁and ▁cons ul ▁no ▁earlier ▁than ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 3 0 . ▁The ▁termin us ▁ante ▁qu em ▁of ▁ 1 3 8 ▁is ▁the ▁year ▁Had rian ▁died , ▁for ▁in ▁the ▁ins cription ▁he ▁is ▁referred ▁to ▁in ▁a ▁manner ▁to ▁suggest ▁this ▁em |
peror ▁was ▁still ▁alive . ▁▁ ▁None ▁of ▁the ▁men ▁who ▁are ▁known ▁to ▁have ▁govern ed ▁L us it ania ▁and ▁Ba et ica ▁between ▁the ▁years ▁ 1 2 5 ▁and ▁ 1 3 8 ▁have ▁been ▁precisely ▁dated , ▁so ▁this ▁information ▁does ▁not ▁help ▁us ▁narrow ▁the ▁dates ▁of ▁his ▁career . ▁That ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁cons uls ▁for ▁the ▁years ▁ 1 3 3 , ▁ 1 3 4 ▁and ▁ 1 3 5 ▁are ▁known ▁does ▁offer ▁some ▁help , ▁for ▁clearly ▁O pp ius ▁Sab inus ▁could ▁not ▁have ▁been ▁cons ul ▁in ▁those ▁years . ▁Bey ond ▁this ▁we ▁cannot ▁go . ▁ ▁Need less ▁to ▁say , ▁his ▁life ▁is ▁a ▁blank ▁after ▁his ▁cons ul ship . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 2 nd - century ▁Rom ans ▁Category : S uff ect ▁cons uls ▁of ▁Imperial ▁Rome ▁Category : R oman ▁govern ors ▁of ▁L us it ania ▁Category : R oman ▁govern ors ▁of ▁His p ania ▁Ba et ica <0x0A> </s> ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a , ▁commonly ▁known ▁as ▁vio let ▁banks ia , ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁shr ub ▁or ▁tree ▁in ▁the ▁plant ▁genus ▁B anks ia ▁( family ▁Prote aceae ). ▁It ▁generally ▁grows ▁as ▁a ▁small ▁shr ub ▁to ▁ 1 . 5 m ▁( 5 ft ) ▁high ▁with ▁fine ▁narrow ▁leaves , ▁and ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁for ▁its ▁unus ually ▁col oured ▁dark ▁pur ple - v io let |
▁infl ores c ences . ▁The ▁colour ▁of ▁the ▁infl ores c ences , ▁short ▁leaves , ▁and ▁fl atten ed ▁fol lic les ▁which ▁are ▁stick y ▁when ▁young , ▁help ▁identify ▁this ▁species ▁from ▁others ▁in ▁the ▁field . ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁low ▁shr ub land ▁in ▁southern ▁regions ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia ▁from ▁Es per ance ▁in ▁the ▁east ▁to ▁Nar ro gin ▁in ▁the ▁west , ▁growing ▁exclus ively ▁in ▁sand y ▁so ils . ▁ ▁First ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 7 ▁by ▁the ▁West ▁Australian ▁botan ist ▁Charles ▁Gard ner , ▁the ▁species ▁was ▁at ▁one ▁stage ▁considered ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁B . s pha er oc ar pa . ▁Although ▁there ▁are ▁no ▁recogn ised ▁sub species ▁or ▁vari eties , ▁both ▁l ign ot uber ous ▁and ▁non l ign ot uber ous ▁forms ▁exist ▁for ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a . ▁Was ps , ▁an ts ▁and ▁f lies ▁have ▁been ▁recorded ▁visit ing ▁flower ▁sp ikes . ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁is ▁class ified ▁as ▁Not ▁Th re aten ed ▁under ▁the ▁Wild life ▁Conserv ation ▁Act ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia . ▁Reg arded ▁as ▁of ▁little ▁value ▁to ▁flor icult ure , ▁it ▁is ▁rarely ▁cultiv ated . ▁ ▁Description ▁ ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁grows ▁as ▁a ▁shr ub ▁up ▁to ▁ 1 . 5 m ▁( 5 ft ) ▁tall , ▁with ▁narrow ▁leaves ▁ 1 – 2 cm ▁( 0 |
. 4 – 0 . 8 in ) ▁long ▁and ▁about ▁ 0 . 1 5 cm ▁( 0 . 0 6 in ) ▁wide . ▁New ▁growth ▁occurs ▁in ▁summer , ▁and ▁flow ering ▁ranges ▁from ▁November ▁to ▁April ▁with ▁a ▁peak ▁in ▁February , ▁but ▁can ▁be ▁irregular ▁in ▁timing . ▁Flow ers ▁arise ▁from ▁typical ▁B anks ia ▁" flow er ▁sp ikes ", ▁and ▁the ▁infl ores c ences ▁are ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁hundreds ▁of ▁pairs ▁of ▁flowers ▁dens ely ▁pack ed ▁in ▁a ▁spir al ▁around ▁a ▁wo ody ▁axis . ▁R ough ly ▁spher ical ▁with ▁a ▁diameter ▁of ▁ 2 – 3 cm ▁( 0 . 8 – 1 . 2 in ), ▁the ▁flower ▁sp ikes ▁arise ▁from ▁later al ▁st ems ▁lie ▁partly ▁within ▁the ▁fol i age . ▁Un us ually ▁for ▁B anks ia ▁species , ▁the ▁infl ores c ences ▁are ▁often ▁vio let ▁in ▁colour , ▁r anging ▁anywhere ▁from ▁a ▁dark ▁vio let - black ▁through ▁various ▁combinations ▁of ▁vio let ▁and ▁green ish - yellow ▁in ▁less ▁p ig ment ed ▁blo oms . ▁Each ▁flower ▁consists ▁of ▁a ▁tub ular ▁per ian th ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁four ▁f used ▁te p als , ▁and ▁one ▁long ▁wir y ▁style . ▁The ▁styles ▁are ▁hook ed ▁rather ▁than ▁straight , ▁and ▁are ▁initially ▁tra pped ▁inside ▁the ▁upper ▁per ian th ▁parts , ▁but ▁break ▁free ▁at ▁anth esis . ▁The ▁old ▁flowers |
▁gradually ▁fade ▁to ▁brown . ▁The ▁fruit ing ▁structure ▁or ▁fol lic le ▁is ▁a ▁st out ▁wo ody ▁" con e ", ▁with ▁a ▁hair y ▁appearance ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁pers istence ▁of ▁old ▁with ered ▁flower ▁parts . ▁These ▁fol lic les ▁are ▁crow ded ▁around ▁the ▁glob ular ▁sp ike ▁( called ▁an ▁inf ruct esc ence ▁at ▁this ▁point ) ▁and ▁are ▁o val ▁to ▁r hom bo id , ▁although ▁the ▁crow ding ▁makes ▁some ▁irregular ly ▁sh aped . ▁They ▁measure ▁ 1 – 2 . 5 cm ▁( 0 . 4 – 1 in ) ▁long , ▁ 0 . 6 cm ▁( 0 . 2 in ) ▁high ▁and ▁ 0 . 8 – 2 . 2 cm ▁( 0 . 3 – 0 . 9 in ) ▁wide . ▁They ▁are ▁quite ▁fl atten ed ▁and ▁lack ▁a ▁r idge ▁along ▁the ▁val ve ▁line . ▁When ▁young , ▁the ▁fol lic les ▁are ▁green ish ▁in ▁colour ▁and ▁slightly ▁stick y , ▁and ▁covered ▁in ▁fine ▁white ▁hair s , ▁f ading ▁to ▁tan ▁or ▁grey ▁with ▁age . ▁They ▁open ▁with ▁fire , ▁re le asing ▁a ▁wing ed ▁w edge - sh aped ▁( c une ate ) ▁seed ▁ 2 – 2 . 5 cm ▁( 0 . 8 – 1 in ) ▁long . ▁The ▁m ott led ▁dark ▁grey ▁seed ▁body ▁is ▁fal c ate ▁( c res cent - |
sh aped ) ▁and ▁measures ▁ 1 . 2 – 1 . 8 cm ▁( 0 . 5 – 0 . 7 in ) ▁long ▁and ▁ 0 . 2 – 0 . 2 5 cm ▁( 0 . 1 in ) ▁wide , ▁with ▁a ▁fl atten ed ▁dark ▁brown ▁wing ▁ 1 . 1 – 1 . 7 cm ▁( 0 . 4 – 0 . 5 in ) ▁wide . ▁The ▁wo ody ▁separator ▁has ▁the ▁same ▁dimensions ▁as ▁the ▁seed . ▁ ▁The ▁bright ▁green ▁c oty led on ▁leaves ▁of ▁the ▁seed lings ▁are ▁ob long ▁to ▁linear ▁in ▁shape ▁and ▁measure ▁ 1 . 5 cm ▁( 0 . 6 in ) ▁long ▁by ▁ 0 . 3 cm ▁( 0 . 1 in ) ▁wide . ▁The ▁green ish ▁red ▁hyp oc ot yl ▁is ▁hair y , ▁as ▁are ▁the ▁st ems ▁of ▁young ▁plants . ▁The ▁hair y ▁seed ling ▁leaves ▁are ▁crow ded ▁and ▁oppos it ely ▁arranged . ▁They ▁measure ▁ 0 . 7 – 1 . 3 cm ▁( 0 . 2 – 0 . 5 in ) ▁in ▁length ▁and ▁have ▁rec ur ved ▁marg ins . ▁Young ▁plants ▁often ▁begin ▁branch ing ▁within ▁their ▁first ▁year ▁of ▁life . ▁ ▁Tax onomy ▁ ▁The ▁type ▁spec imen ▁of ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁was ▁collected ▁by ▁the ▁West ▁Australian ▁botan ist ▁Charles ▁Gard ner ▁on ▁ |
1 4 ▁December ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁Lake ▁Grace . ▁The ▁following ▁year , ▁he ▁published ▁a ▁description ▁of ▁the ▁species ▁in ▁Journal ▁and ▁Pro ceed ings ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Society ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia . ▁He ▁placed ▁it ▁in ▁section ▁On cost yl is ▁of ▁Bent ham ' s ▁tax onom ic ▁arrangement ▁of ▁B anks ia , ▁giving ▁it ▁the ▁specific ▁ep ith et ▁viol ace a ▁in ▁reference ▁to ▁the ▁vio let ▁flowers . ▁Thus ▁the ▁full ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁species , ▁with ▁author ▁c itation , ▁is ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁C . A . G ard ner . ▁The ▁species ▁has ▁been ▁considered ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁B . s pha er oc ar pa ▁( F ox ▁B anks ia ); ▁this ▁view ▁was ▁published ▁by ▁William ▁Black all ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 9 5 4 ▁How ▁to ▁know ▁Western ▁Australian ▁wild flow ers . ▁He ▁considered ▁ ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁ ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁B . s pha er oc ar pa ▁with ▁vio let ▁flowers . ▁This ▁description ▁was ▁an ▁invalid ▁publication , ▁however , ▁and ▁a ▁nom en ▁n ud um . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁Alex ▁George ▁declared ▁B anks ia ▁s pha er oc ar pa ▁var . ▁viol ace a ▁Black all ▁a ▁nom en cl atural ▁syn onym ▁of ▁B . vi ol ace a . ▁ ▁In ▁George ' s ▁ 1 |
9 8 1 ▁arrangement , ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁was ▁placed ▁in ▁sub gen us ▁B anks ia ▁because ▁its ▁infl ores c ence ▁is ▁a ▁typical ▁B anks ia ▁" flow er ▁sp ike "; ▁section ▁On cost yl is ▁because ▁of ▁its ▁hook ed ▁styles ; ▁and ▁series ▁Ab iet inae ▁because ▁its ▁infl ores c ence ▁is ▁roughly ▁spher ical . ▁It ▁was ▁placed ▁in ▁tax onom ic ▁sequence ▁between ▁B . inc ana ▁( H o ary ▁B anks ia ) ▁and ▁B . me is ner i ▁( Me iss ner ' s ▁B anks ia ). ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁Kevin ▁Th iele ▁and ▁Paul ine ▁Lad iges ▁published ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁a ▁cl ad istic ▁analysis ▁of ▁morph ological ▁characters ▁of ▁B anks ia . ▁They ▁retained ▁George ' s ▁sub gener a ▁and ▁many ▁of ▁his ▁series , ▁but ▁disc arded ▁his ▁sections . ▁B . ser . ▁Ab iet inae ▁was ▁found ▁to ▁be ▁very ▁nearly ▁mon oph y let ic ▁and ▁so ▁it ▁was ▁retained . ▁It ▁further ▁resolved ▁into ▁four ▁sub cl ades , ▁so ▁Th iele ▁and ▁Lad iges ▁split ▁it ▁into ▁four ▁sub series . ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁last ▁of ▁these : ▁ ▁This ▁cla de ▁became ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁B . sub series ▁Long ist yles , ▁which ▁Th iele ▁defined ▁as ▁containing ▁those ▁tax a ▁with ▁very ▁long ▁and ▁sl |
ender ▁styles , ▁smooth ly ▁convex ▁per ian th ▁lim bs ▁without ▁a ▁cost al ▁r idge , ▁and ▁thick ened ▁marg ins . ▁In ▁accord ance ▁with ▁their ▁cl ad ogram , ▁their ▁arrangement ▁placed ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁first ▁in ▁tax onom ic ▁sequence , ▁followed ▁by ▁B . lar icina ▁( R ose - f ru ited ▁B anks ia ). ▁However , ▁Th iele ▁and ▁Lad iges ' ▁arrangement ▁was ▁not ▁accepted ▁by ▁George , ▁who , ▁question ing ▁the ▁emphas is ▁on ▁cl ad istics , ▁rejected ▁most ▁of ▁their ▁changes ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁arrangement , ▁restored ▁B . series ▁Ab iet inae ▁to ▁his ▁bro ader ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁definition , ▁and ▁abandoned ▁all ▁of ▁Th iele ▁and ▁Lad iges ' ▁sub series . ▁George ▁commented ▁that ▁the ▁species ▁has ▁no ▁close ▁relatives , ▁being ▁" lo os ely ▁al lied " ▁to ▁B . s pha er oc ar pa ▁( F ox ▁B anks ia ) ▁and ▁B . tel mat ia ea ▁( Sw amp ▁Fox ▁B anks ia ). ▁Despite ▁this , ▁the ▁sequence ▁of ▁the ▁series ▁was ▁alter ed ▁so ▁that ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁fell ▁between ▁B . sc ab rel la ▁( B ur ma ▁Road ▁B anks ia ) ▁and ▁B . inc ana , ▁and ▁its ▁pla cement ▁in ▁George ' s ▁arrangement ▁may ▁be ▁summar ised ▁as ▁follows : |
▁ ▁B anks ia ▁B . sub g . ▁B anks ia ▁B . sect . ▁B anks ia ▁( 9 ▁series , ▁ 5 0 ▁species , ▁ 9 ▁sub species , ▁ 3 ▁vari eties ) ▁B . sect . ▁C occ inea ▁( 1 ▁species ) ▁B . sect . ▁On cost yl is ▁B . ser . ▁Sp ic ig era e ▁( 7 ▁species , ▁ 2 ▁sub species , ▁ 4 ▁vari eties ) ▁B . ser . ▁Tr icus p idae ▁( 1 ▁species ) ▁B . ser . ▁D ry andro ide ae ▁( 1 ▁species ) ▁B . ser . ▁Ab iet inae ▁B . s pha er oc ar pa ▁( 3 ▁vari eties ) ▁B . mic ran tha ▁B . g ross a ▁B . tel mat ia ea ▁B . le pt oph yl la ▁( 2 ▁vari eties ) ▁B . lan ata ▁B . sc ab rel la ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁B . inc ana ▁B . lar icina ▁B . p ul ch ella ▁B . me is ner i ▁( 2 ▁sub species ) ▁B . nut ans ▁( 2 ▁vari eties ) ▁B . sub g . ▁Is ost yl is ▁( 3 ▁species ) ▁ ▁Since ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁an ▁American ▁botan ist , ▁Austin ▁M |
ast , ▁has ▁been ▁publishing ▁results ▁of ▁on going ▁cl ad istic ▁anal ys es ▁of ▁DNA ▁sequence ▁data ▁for ▁the ▁sub tri be ▁Bank si inae . ▁His ▁anal ys es ▁suggest ▁a ▁ph y log eny ▁that ▁is ▁very ▁greatly ▁different ▁from ▁George ' s ▁arrangement , ▁and ▁somewhat ▁different ▁from ▁Th iele ▁and ▁Lad iges '. ▁With ▁respect ▁to ▁B . vi ol ace a , ▁M ast ' s ▁results ▁agree ▁with ▁its ▁pla cement ▁near ▁B . lar icina ▁and ▁B . inc ana , ▁placing ▁it ▁in ▁a ▁cla de ▁with ▁these ▁two ▁species ▁and ▁B . s pha er oc ar pa ▁var . ▁dol ich ost y la ▁( tre ated ▁at ▁species ▁rank ▁as ▁B . d ol ich ost y la ). ▁However , ▁Th iele ' s ▁B . ▁sub series ▁Long ist yles ▁appears ▁to ▁be ▁poly phy let ic , ▁as ▁do ▁both ▁definitions ▁of ▁B . ser . ▁Ab iet inae — that ▁is , ▁none ▁form ▁a ▁natural ▁grouping . ▁ ▁Early ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁M ast ▁and ▁Th iele ▁initi ated ▁a ▁re arr ang ement ▁of ▁B anks ia ▁by ▁mer ging ▁D ry andra ▁into ▁it , ▁and ▁publishing ▁B . sub gen us ▁Sp ath ul ata e ▁for ▁the ▁tax a ▁having ▁sp oon - sh aped ▁c oty led ons . ▁They ▁for esh adow ed ▁publishing ▁a ▁full ▁arrangement ▁once |
▁DNA ▁sampling ▁of ▁D ry andra ▁was ▁complete ; ▁in ▁the ▁meant ime , ▁if ▁M ast ▁and ▁Th iele ' s ▁nom en cl atural ▁changes ▁are ▁taken ▁as ▁an ▁inter im ▁arrangement , ▁then ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁is ▁placed ▁in ▁B . sub gen us ▁Sp ath ul ata e . ▁ ▁Distribution ▁and ▁habitat ▁ ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁occurs ▁in ▁southern ▁regions ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia , ▁from ▁Wood an illing ▁to ▁Es per ance ▁and ▁as ▁far ▁north ▁as ▁Hy den . ▁This ▁distribution ▁includes ▁areas ▁of ▁the ▁Av on ▁Whe at b elt , ▁Es per ance ▁Pla ins ▁and ▁M alle e ▁bi oge ographic ▁regions . ▁It ▁fav ours ▁white ▁sand y ▁so ils , ▁often ▁over lying ▁later ite , ▁cl ay ▁or ▁quart z ite . ▁It ▁usually ▁grows ▁among ▁he ath ▁and ▁shr ub lands , ▁associated ▁with ▁m alle e ▁eu cal y pts ▁and ▁B anks ia ▁s pha er oc ar pa ▁var . ▁ca esia . ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁is ▁class ified ▁as ▁Not ▁Th re aten ed ▁under ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁Wild life ▁Conserv ation ▁Act ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia . ▁ ▁E col ogy ▁ ▁Like ▁most ▁other ▁Prote aceae , ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁has ▁prote oid ▁roots , ▁roots ▁with ▁dense ▁clusters ▁of ▁short ▁later al ▁root lets ▁that ▁form ▁a ▁mat ▁in ▁the ▁soil ▁just ▁below ▁the ▁leaf ▁l |
itter . ▁These ▁enh ance ▁sol ub il isation ▁of ▁nut ri ents , ▁thus ▁allowing ▁their ▁u pt ake ▁in ▁low - nut ri ent ▁so ils ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁ph osph orus - def ic ient ▁so ils ▁of ▁Australia . ▁B . vi ol ace a ▁is ▁highly ▁sus cept ible ▁to ▁Ph yt oph th ora ▁c inn am omi ▁die back . ▁ ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁a ▁small ▁number ▁of ▁B anks ia ▁species ▁that ▁has ▁both ▁l ign ot uber ous ▁and ▁non - l ign ot uber ous ▁populations . ▁In ▁both ▁cases , ▁plants ▁are ▁adapted ▁to ▁release ▁their ▁aer ial ▁seed ▁bank ▁following ▁a ▁bush fire , ▁ens uring ▁seed lings ▁are ▁established ▁on ▁clear ▁and ▁relatively ▁fert ile ▁ground ; ▁however ▁the ▁possession ▁of ▁a ▁l ign ot uber ▁makes ▁plants ▁much ▁less ▁reli ant ▁on ▁fire ▁regime ▁for ▁population ▁maintenance ▁and ▁reg ener ation , ▁as ▁mat ernal ▁plants ▁are ▁not ▁killed ▁by ▁bush fire , ▁but ▁res pr out ▁from ▁below ▁ground ▁level . ▁L ign ot uber ous ▁plants ▁generally ▁occur ▁among ▁the ▁north - e astern ▁populations , ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁Wood an illing . ▁An ▁investigation ▁into ▁the ▁bi oge ography ▁of ▁these ▁plants ▁failed ▁to ▁find ▁any ▁veget ative , ▁clim atic ▁or ▁other ▁environmental ▁factors ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁possession ▁of ▁a ▁l ign ot uber . ▁ ▁B anks ia ▁flower head s ▁in ▁general ▁play ▁host |
▁to ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁birds , ▁m amm als ▁and ▁insect s . ▁However , ▁only ▁was ps , ▁an ts ▁and ▁f lies ▁were ▁recorded ▁visit ing ▁flower ▁sp ikes ▁during ▁observations ▁for ▁The ▁B anks ia ▁Atlas ▁in ▁the ▁mid - 1 9 8 0 s . ▁ ▁Cult iv ation ▁B anks ia ▁viol ace a ▁is ▁rarely ▁cultiv ated . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁slow - g row ing ▁plant ▁that ▁tends ▁to ▁become ▁un tid y ▁with ▁age , ▁and ▁generally ▁does ▁not ▁flower ▁until ▁four ▁to ▁five ▁years ▁after ▁spr out ing ▁from ▁seed . ▁Flow ers ▁are ▁an ▁unusual ▁colour , ▁but ▁occur ▁within ▁the ▁bush ▁where ▁they ▁grow ▁within ▁and ▁are ▁usually ▁obsc ured ▁by ▁fol i age . ▁It ▁toler ates ▁light ▁pr uning ▁not ▁below ▁the ▁green ▁fol i age , ▁except ▁for ▁the ▁variant ▁with ▁a ▁l ign ot uber , ▁which ▁may ▁be ▁pr un ed ▁heavily . ▁George ▁recomm ends ▁a ▁sun ny ▁position ▁in ▁light , ▁sand y ▁soil . ▁Professor ▁Margaret ▁Bernard ▁Sed g ley ▁of ▁the ▁Wa ite ▁Institute ▁suggests ▁the ▁species ▁is ▁of ▁no ▁value ▁to ▁flor icult ure , ▁as ▁the ▁infl ores c ences ▁are ▁too ▁small ▁and ▁obsc ured ▁by ▁the ▁fol i age , ▁although ▁she ▁does ▁add ▁that ▁the ▁pur ple ▁colour ▁may ▁be ▁a ▁worth while ▁character ▁to ▁select ▁for ▁in ▁plant ▁bre eding . ▁Se eds ▁do ▁not ▁require ▁any ▁treatment , ▁and ▁take ▁ 1 9 ▁to ▁ 5 |
0 ▁days ▁to ▁germ inate . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁viol ace a ▁Category : E ud ic ots ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁During ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 – 1 5 ▁season , ▁A Z ▁will ▁comp ete ▁in ▁the ▁E red iv isie ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁consecutive ▁season ▁and ▁the ▁K N VB ▁C UP ▁under ▁new ▁manager ▁Marco ▁van ▁Bast en ▁and ▁then ▁John ▁van ▁den ▁B rom ▁after ▁Van ▁Bast en ▁rel in qu ished ▁his ▁role ▁after ▁health ▁issues , ▁becoming ▁assistant ▁to ▁Van ▁den ▁B rom . ▁Under ▁G ert jan ▁Ver be ek ▁and ▁Dick ▁Adv oca at ▁the ▁previous ▁season , ▁A Z ▁lost ▁their ▁title ▁of ▁K N VB ▁Cup ▁to ▁P EC ▁Zw ol le ▁after ▁being ▁elimin ated ▁in ▁the ▁semi - final s ▁by ▁event ual ▁league ▁w inners ▁Ajax ▁and ▁finishing ▁e ighth ▁in ▁the ▁league . ▁ ▁Background ▁Following ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 – 1 4 ▁season ▁in ▁which ▁A Z ▁broke ▁their ▁record ▁for ▁most ▁compet itive ▁games ▁in ▁a ▁season ▁( 5 8 ) ▁ ▁which ▁started ▁in ▁the ▁K N VB ▁Cup ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁( an ▁extra ▁time ▁loss ▁to ▁Ajax ) ▁and ▁ended ▁in ▁the ▁E red iv isie ▁UEFA ▁Europa ▁League ▁play - offs ▁( 3 – 0 ▁loss ▁to ▁G ron ingen ). ▁ ▁During ▁this ▁run ▁of ▁ 5 8 ▁games , ▁G ert jan |
▁Ver be ek ▁was ▁s ack ed ▁and ▁Dick ▁Adv oca at ▁was ▁brought ▁out ▁of ▁ret irement ▁to ▁replace ▁Ver be ek ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁The ▁club ▁finished ▁in ▁ 8 th ▁and ▁lost ▁at ▁the ▁final ▁stages ▁of ▁the ▁play - offs ▁for ▁European ▁football . ▁ ▁League ▁results ▁were ▁incons istent , ▁although ▁the ▁club ▁managed ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁quarter - final s ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 – 1 4 ▁UEFA ▁Europa ▁League , ▁playing ▁At rom itos , ▁PA OK , ▁Mac c abi ▁Ha ifa , ▁Sh akh ter ▁Kar ag andy , ▁Slo van ▁Lib ere c , ▁An z hi ▁Mak h ach k ala ▁before ▁being ▁elimin ated ▁by ▁Ben fica . ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁new ▁season , ▁Marco ▁van ▁Bast en ▁left ▁He eren ve en ▁to ▁sign ▁a ▁two - year ▁contract ▁at ▁A Z , ▁express ing ▁his ▁desire ▁for ▁the ▁new ▁challenge . ▁ ▁Trans fers ▁ ▁Ar rival s ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁following ▁players ▁moved ▁to ▁A Z . ▁ ▁Depart ures ▁▁ ▁The ▁following ▁players ▁moved ▁from ▁A Z . ▁ ▁Lo ans ▁ ▁The ▁following ▁players ▁moved ▁to ▁new ▁clubs ▁whilst ▁under ▁contract ▁at ▁A Z . ▁ ▁Pre - season ▁friend lies ▁A Z ' s ▁pre - season ▁began ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁June ▁with ▁their ▁first ▁training ▁session ▁and ▁consisted ▁of ▁seven ▁official ▁matches ▁which ▁started ▁with ▁an ▁away ▁friendly ▁match ▁on ▁ 5 ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 |
4 ▁against ▁Dutch ▁am ateurs ▁SV W ▁' 2 7 ▁from ▁He er h ug owa ard , ▁just ▁outside ▁Al k ma ar , ▁and ▁amateur ▁club ▁A FC ' 3 4 ▁from ▁Al k ma ar . ▁▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁games ▁against ▁amateur ▁opposition ▁the ▁club ▁played ▁a ▁friendly ▁with ▁the ▁full ▁A Z ▁squad , ▁with ▁two ▁teams ▁( blue ▁and ▁red ) ▁where ▁both ▁teams ▁were ▁mixed ▁with ▁regular ▁first ▁team ▁players . ▁ ▁Then ▁followed ▁a ▁weeks ▁training ▁camp ▁in ▁E pe , ▁Netherlands ▁where ▁A Z ▁played ▁their ▁first ▁games ▁against ▁professional ▁teams ▁in ▁the ▁pre - season ; ▁they ▁played ▁res erves ▁against ▁N EC , ▁newly ▁re leg ated ▁from ▁the ▁E red iv isie , ▁on ▁the ▁Saturday ▁and ▁then ▁on ▁Sunday ▁field ed ▁a ▁full ▁strength ▁team ▁against ▁Gab ala ▁FK ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an ▁on ▁the ▁final ▁day ▁of ▁the ▁training ▁camp . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁training ▁camp ▁in ▁E pe , ▁A Z ▁had ▁a ▁spe cially ▁arranged ▁friendly ▁against ▁E er ste ▁Div isie ▁side ▁V V V ▁to ▁celebr ate ▁exactly ▁ 6 0 th ▁year ▁anni versary ▁since ▁the ▁two ▁teams ▁first ▁met ▁in ▁a ▁compet itive ▁game . ▁This ▁special ▁fi xture ▁had ▁silver ware ▁to ▁be ▁won ▁in ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁H erman ▁Te euw en ▁B ok kal , ▁a ▁pre - season ▁competition ▁organ ised ▁by ▁V V V ▁to ▁play ▁larger ▁teams ▁for ▁the ▁tro phy ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁legend |
ary ▁V V V ▁player ▁and ▁sc out ▁H erman ▁Te euw en . ▁After ▁V V V ▁winning ▁against ▁O FI ▁Cre te ▁last ▁year ▁on ▁this ▁occasion ▁A Z ▁were ▁vict orious ▁and ▁awarded ▁the ▁cup ; here ▁is ▁the ▁A Z ▁captain , ▁N eman ja ▁G ud el j , ▁with ▁the ▁tro phy . ▁ ▁After ▁winning ▁silver ware , ▁A Z ▁agreed ▁to ▁play ▁a ▁friendly ▁against ▁German ▁Bundes liga ▁side ▁ 1 8 9 9 ▁Hoff en heim ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁their ▁training ▁camp ▁in ▁Switzerland . ▁The ▁final ▁match ▁of ▁pre - season ▁has ▁been ▁arranged ▁for ▁ 1 ▁August ▁on ▁the ▁training ▁field ▁outside ▁AF AS ▁Stad ion ▁and ▁will ▁once ▁again ▁feature ▁players ▁from ▁just ▁the ▁A Z ▁squad . ▁This ▁game ▁featured ▁the ▁squad ▁we aring ▁their ▁new ▁k its ▁for ▁the ▁forth coming ▁season . ▁The ▁white ▁( away ) ▁k it ▁was ▁worn ▁by ▁fr inge ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁squad ▁and ▁black ▁( away ) ▁k its ▁were ▁worn ▁by ▁the ▁reserve ▁and ▁under - 1 9 ▁A Z ▁players . ▁This ▁concluded ▁the ▁pre - season ▁with ▁only ▁eight ▁days ▁remaining ▁until ▁the ▁E red iv isie ▁season ▁op ener ▁against ▁Her acles ▁Al m elo ▁away . ▁ ▁Acc ur ate ▁as ▁of ▁ 1 ▁August ▁ ▁Statistics ▁ ▁Acc ur ate ▁as ▁of ▁ 1 ▁August ▁ ▁E red iv isie ▁The ▁regular ▁domestic ▁league ▁season ▁began ▁with ▁an ▁away ▁fi xture ▁in ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁August |
▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁to ▁Her acles ▁Al m elo ▁and ▁finished ▁away ▁to ▁Excel si or ▁in ▁mid - late ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Statistics ▁ ▁League ▁table ▁ ▁K N VB ▁Cup ▁A Z ▁were ▁drawn ▁against ▁the ▁w inners ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁round ▁match ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁between ▁Lim burg ▁am ateurs ▁E V V ▁and ▁Spirit ' 3 0 , ▁am ateurs ▁from ▁Ho og kar sp el ▁for ▁the ▁second ▁round ▁of ▁the ▁K N VB ▁Cup . ▁E V V ▁were ▁vict orious ▁in ▁the ▁match , ▁winning ▁ 4 – 0 , ▁and ▁A Z ▁will ▁visit ▁the ▁ 2 , 0 0 0 ▁capacity ▁Sport park ▁" In ▁de ▁Band ert " ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁Statistics ▁ ▁Squad ▁Performance ▁▁ ▁Squad ▁Num bers ▁ ▁Lo ane es ▁ ▁Dom estic ▁ ▁Foreign ▁ ▁Acc ur ate ▁as ▁of ▁match day ▁four . ▁ ▁International ▁appearances ▁ ▁The ▁following ▁first ▁team ▁players ▁played ▁for ▁their ▁respective ▁nations ▁during ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 – 1 5 ▁season : ▁ ▁UEFA ▁current ▁ranking ▁ ▁Rec ent ▁E red iv isie ▁results ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : A Z ▁Al k ma ar ▁seasons ▁A Z ▁Al k ma ar <0x0A> </s> ▁Dan cing ▁Machine ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁French ▁thr iller ▁film ▁st arring ▁A lain ▁Del on . ▁ ▁It ▁recorded |
▁adm issions ▁of ▁ 5 8 3 , 1 0 1 ▁in ▁France . ▁ ▁Plot ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁A lain ▁Del on ▁as ▁Alan ▁Wolf ▁ ▁Claude ▁Br asse ur ▁as ▁Michel ▁E par vier ▁ ▁Patrick ▁Dup ond ▁as ▁Ch ico ▁ ▁Ét ienne ▁Ch ic ot ▁as ▁ ▁Commission er ▁Le ▁Gu elle c ▁▁ ▁Tony a ▁Kin z inger ▁as ▁D ap hn é ▁ ▁Marina ▁Sa ura ▁as ▁El la ▁C eb rian ▁ ▁Cons uel o ▁de ▁Hav il and ▁as ▁Lis el ote ▁Wagner ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : F rench ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁produced ▁by ▁A lain ▁Del on ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁G illes ▁Bé hat <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Sam ar it ans ▁are ▁an ▁eth nor el ig ious ▁group ▁of ▁the ▁eastern ▁Mediter rane an ▁region , ▁origin ating ▁from ▁connection ▁with ▁ancient ▁Sam aria . ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁may ▁also ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ism ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ism ▁( S amar itan ▁religion ), ▁the ▁religion ▁of ▁Sam art ians ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Pent ate uch ▁( S amar itan ▁Tor ah ), ▁the ▁Sam ar itan ▁b ible ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Temple , ▁the ▁church ▁of ▁Sam ar it ans ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁High ▁Pri est ▁( k ohen ▁g ad ol ) ▁of ▁the ▁ext ant ▁Sam ar it ans ▁ ▁L ingu istics ▁▁ ▁Sam |
ar itan ▁( Un icode ▁block ), ▁a ▁block ▁of ▁Unicode ▁characters ▁for ▁writing ▁ancient ▁Heb rew ▁and ▁Ar ama ic ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁source ▁( symbol ), ▁a ▁typ ographic ▁symbol ▁indicating ▁original ▁source ▁written ▁with ▁Sam ar itan ▁script ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁alphabet ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Ar ama ic ▁language ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Heb rew ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁vocal ization ▁ ▁Arts , ▁entertain ment , ▁and ▁media ▁ ▁F ict ional ▁characters ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁( com ics ), ▁a ▁super h ero ▁ ▁character ▁from ▁the ▁Ast ro ▁City ▁com ic ▁book ▁series , ▁in ▁the ▁ve in ▁of ▁Super man ▁ ▁Sam ar itan , ▁an ▁ant agon istic ▁artificial ▁super int elligence ▁in ▁the ▁television ▁show ▁Person ▁of ▁Interest ▁ ▁Other ▁arts , ▁entertain ment , ▁and ▁media ▁ ▁Sam art ian ▁demo , ▁a ▁software ▁demonstr ation ▁of ▁the ▁Un real ▁Engine ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁( nov el ) ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁novel ▁by ▁Richard ▁Price ▁ ▁The ▁Sam ar itan , ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁film ▁st arring ▁Samuel ▁L . ▁Jackson ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁F ury ▁ ▁Organ izations ▁ ▁Sam ar it ans ▁( char ity ) ▁( former ly ▁The ▁Sam ar it ans ), ▁a ▁British - based ▁registered ▁char ity ▁aim ed ▁at ▁providing ▁emot ional ▁support ▁to ▁anyone ▁in ▁dist ress ▁or ▁at ▁risk ▁of ▁suic ide ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ' s ▁Pur se , |
▁a ▁non - den omin ational ▁evangel ical ▁Christian ▁human itar ian ▁organization ▁ ▁The ▁Sam ar itan ▁Bef ri enders ▁Hong ▁Kong , ▁a ▁non - g overn ment ▁organization ▁providing ▁similar ▁coun sel ing ▁services ▁in ▁Hong ▁Kong ▁ ▁Sam ar it ans ▁of ▁Singapore , ▁a ▁non - g overn ment ▁organization ▁providing ▁similar ▁coun sel ing ▁services ▁in ▁Singapore ▁ ▁Good ▁Sam ar itan ▁Indust ries , ▁a ▁Un iting C are ▁Australia ▁church ▁ag ency ▁in ▁Western ▁Australia , ▁which ▁helps ▁find ▁employ ment ▁for ▁people ▁with ▁dis abilities ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Foundation ▁Cult , ▁a ▁cult ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁film maker ▁Allen ▁Ross ▁ ▁Transport ation ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁A viation , ▁an ▁air line ▁of ▁Pap ua ▁New ▁Guinea ▁ ▁F V 1 0 4 ▁Sam ar itan , ▁an ▁amb ul ance ▁of ▁the ▁CV R ( T ) ▁family ▁of ▁vehicles ▁in ▁service ▁with ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁and ▁others ▁ ▁Con v air ▁C - 1 3 1 ▁Sam ar itan , ▁U . S . ▁tw in - eng ined ▁military ▁transport ▁plane ▁ ▁, ▁a ▁U . S . ▁Navy ▁ship name ▁ ▁, ▁a ▁W W II ▁U . S . ▁Navy ▁hospital ▁ship ▁ ▁Other ▁uses ▁▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Catholic ▁College , ▁a ▁secondary ▁college ▁in ▁the ▁Northern ▁Sub urb ▁of ▁Pr eston , ▁Victoria , ▁Australia ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Res ident ial ▁School s , ▁El ag iri ▁Hills , ▁T amil ▁N |
adu , ▁India ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁Good ▁Sam ar itan ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁Bad ▁Sam ar it ans ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Hospital ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁Christians ▁ ▁Sam iri ▁( I sl am ic ▁figure ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Fa ith , ▁Hope ▁and ▁W itch craft ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁Dan ish ▁family ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Erik ▁Ball ing ▁and ▁st arring ▁Bod il ▁I ps en . ▁It ▁was ▁entered ▁into ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Berlin ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Bod il ▁I ps en ▁- ▁Bed st emor ▁Gun h ild ▁ ▁G unn ar ▁La uring ▁- ▁Jon as ▁ ▁Louis ▁Mie he - R en ard ▁- ▁En ok ▁ ▁Peter ▁Mal berg ▁- ▁Peter ▁ ▁P oul ▁Reich hardt ▁- ▁Rub anus ▁ ▁Bir te ▁Bang ▁- ▁Eva ▁ ▁Bert he ▁Q v ist ga ard ▁- ▁S ally ▁ ▁Jakob ▁N iel sen ▁- ▁Hus kar len ▁Jacob ▁ ▁Han ne ▁Win ther - J ør g ensen ▁- ▁Br uden ▁ ▁Oscar ▁Herm ansen ▁- ▁Br ud g ommen ▁ ▁P oul ▁Müller ▁- ▁Pr æ sten ▁ ▁Fred dy ▁Koch ▁- ▁Sy ss elm anden ▁ ▁B ør ge ▁M ø ll er ▁Gr im stru p ▁- ▁N yst ue b onden ▁ ▁Ole ▁Lars en ▁- ▁G amm el st ue b onden ▁ ▁K j eld ▁Jacob sen ▁- ▁Best y rer ▁på |
▁H val f anger st ationen ▁ ▁Carl ▁Ott osen ▁- ▁Nicol aj sen ▁ ▁Victor ▁Mont ell ▁ ▁V als ø ▁Hol m ▁- ▁H ote le jer ▁ ▁G unn ar ▁Str ø mv ad ▁ ▁Ernst ▁Sch ou ▁ ▁S j urd ur ▁P atur sson ▁ ▁Fra zer ▁E yst uro y ▁ ▁Else ▁Kor ner up ▁ ▁Henry ▁L oh mann ▁ ▁Ax el ▁Str ø bye ▁- ▁V red ▁mand ▁ ▁Vil helm ▁Henri ques ▁ ▁F lem ming ▁D yj ak ▁- ▁Ung ▁mand ▁ ▁John ▁H ahn - P eters en ▁- ▁Bart ender ▁ ▁Ed ith ▁Herm ansen ▁ ▁Ed ith ▁T rane ▁ ▁Bert el ▁La uring ▁ ▁B j ør n ▁S pi ro ▁- ▁Bet j ent ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁films ▁Category : Dan ish ▁films ▁Category : Dan ish - language ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Erik ▁Ball ing <0x0A> </s> ▁Met ar b ela ▁ret icul os ana ▁is ▁a ▁moth ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁C oss idae ▁described ▁by ▁Emb rik ▁Str and ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 3 . ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁Cam ero on ▁and ▁Equ atorial ▁Guinea . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Met ar bel inae <0x0A> </s> ▁D ith a ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁pseud os cor p ions ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Tr iden ch th oni idae . ▁There ▁are ▁about ▁ 1 4 ▁described ▁species ▁in ▁D ith a . |
▁ ▁Species ▁These ▁ 1 4 ▁species ▁belong ▁to ▁the ▁genus ▁D ith a : ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : P se ud os cor p ions ▁Category : P se ud os cor p ion ▁gener a <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁M err il and ▁River ▁is ▁a ▁ ▁river ▁in ▁southern ▁Maine . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁trib ut ary ▁of ▁the ▁Little ▁River , ▁a ▁tid al ▁river ▁flow ing ▁to ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean . ▁Its ▁bas in ▁country ▁is ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁The ▁M err il and ▁River ▁r ises ▁in ▁the ▁southern ▁corner ▁of ▁San ford ▁and ▁flows ▁east ▁into ▁Well s , ▁which ▁it ▁cross es ▁to ▁the ▁east ▁border ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁and ▁ends ▁at ▁the ▁Little ▁River . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁rivers ▁of ▁Maine ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Maine ▁Stream flow ▁Data ▁from ▁the ▁US GS ▁Maine ▁W aters hed ▁Data ▁From ▁Environment al ▁Prote ction ▁Agency ▁ ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁York ▁County , ▁Maine ▁Category : San ford , ▁Maine ▁Category : W ells , ▁Maine ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Maine <0x0A> </s> ▁C ao ine ad h ▁na ▁Ma igh d ine ▁( The ▁Virgin ' s ▁L ament ) ▁is ▁a ▁music ▁album ▁by ▁Irish ▁singer ▁N ó ir ín ▁N í ▁R ia in ▁with ▁the ▁Mon ks ▁of ▁Glen stal ▁Ab bey . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁and ▁has ▁since ▁been ▁re - re leased |
▁world wide ▁in ▁various ▁formats . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁" C ao ine ad h ▁M hu ire " ▁Mary ' s ▁Ke en ▁– ▁ 3 : 1 1 ▁ ▁" G ol ▁na ▁d Tr í ▁Mu ire " ▁The ▁We eping ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁Mary s ▁– ▁ 2 : 0 5 ▁ ▁" The ▁Dark est ▁Mid night " ▁– ▁ 3 : 4 7 ▁" Se acht ▁n D ól ás ▁na ▁Ma igh d ine ▁Mu ire " ▁( U ib h ▁R ath ach ▁version ▁- ▁I ver agh ) ▁– ▁ 5 : 0 7 ▁ ▁" An ▁Bh ain is ▁Ph ó sta ▁a ▁Bh í ▁i ▁g C á na " ▁The ▁Wed ding ▁fe ast ▁at ▁C ana ▁– ▁ 2 : 2 6 ▁" Se acht ▁n D ól ás ▁na ▁Ma igh d ine ▁Mu ire " ▁( Con n acht ▁version ) ▁– ▁ 5 : 0 7 ▁ ▁" An ▁C ao ine ad h " ▁The ▁Ke en ▁– ▁ 2 : 2 6 ▁" C ao ine ad h ▁na ▁h A o ine " ▁Friday ▁L ament ▁– ▁ 2 : 4 4 ▁" P ós ad h ▁Na of a ▁C á na " ▁The ▁Holy ▁Wed ding ▁at ▁C ana ▁– ▁ 1 : 5 2 ▁ ▁" D ex tera ▁Dom ini " ▁– ▁ 1 : 3 0 ▁" C ao ine ad h ▁na ▁Ma igh d ine " ▁The |
▁B less ed ▁Virgin ' s ▁Ke ening ▁– ▁ 1 1 : 4 0 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁page ▁- ▁The os ony . com ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 0 ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Ag ri og ly pta ▁exc els alis ▁is ▁a ▁moth ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Cr amb idae ▁described ▁by ▁Francis ▁Walker ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 6 . ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁on ▁Sul aw esi , ▁L if ou ▁Island , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁in ▁Bh ut an , ▁Th ailand ▁and ▁Australia , ▁where ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁Western ▁Australia , ▁Queensland ▁and ▁northern ▁New ▁South ▁Wales . ▁ ▁The ▁wings pan ▁is ▁about ▁ 2 0 mm . ▁The ▁for ew ings ▁are ▁white ▁with ▁a ▁brown ▁pattern . ▁Both ▁the ▁for ew ings ▁and ▁h ind w ings ▁have ▁a ▁white ▁margin . ▁ ▁The ▁lar va e ▁feed ▁on ▁the ▁leaves ▁of ▁F icus ▁species , ▁including ▁F icus ▁coron ata , ▁F icus ▁macro ph yl la ▁and ▁F icus ▁oppos ita . ▁They ▁feed ▁from ▁within ▁a ▁shelter ▁made ▁of ▁leaves ▁joined ▁by ▁sil k . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M oth s ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 6 ▁Category : Sp il om el inae ▁Category : M oth s ▁of ▁Asia ▁Category : M oth s ▁of ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁A ck erson ▁M ead ▁Clark ▁House ▁is ▁a ▁historic ▁m ansion ▁in ▁P equ ann ock , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁New ▁Jersey |
▁State ▁Historic ▁Register . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Loc ated ▁at ▁ 1 8 3 ▁Mountain ▁A ve ▁in ▁P equ ann ock , ▁N J , ▁the ▁A ck erson ▁M ead ▁Clark ▁House ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 1 ▁room ▁Greek ▁Rev ival ▁m ansion ▁built ▁in ▁the ▁mid - 1 8 0 0 s . ▁ ▁With ▁a ▁history ▁sp anning ▁three ▁centuries , ▁the ▁m ansion ▁was ▁only ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Department ▁of ▁Environment al ▁Prote ction ' s ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁by ▁a ▁decision ▁rendered ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁Despite ▁extensive ▁renov ation ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁the ▁front ▁exterior ▁Greek ▁Rev ival ▁colon na de , ▁original ▁st air case , ▁ 1 8 7 0 s ▁fire p laces , ▁and ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁architect ural ▁details ▁and ▁m old ings ▁remain ▁int act . ▁Origin ally ▁a ▁plant ation ▁style ▁structure ▁located ▁in ▁an ▁agr arian ▁community , ▁the ▁property ▁surrounding ▁the ▁private ▁residence ▁has ▁been ▁reduced ▁to ▁ 1 . 3 7 ac res ▁over ▁dec ades ▁of ▁nearby ▁development . ▁ ▁Currently ▁known ▁as ▁" Will ow ▁Man or ," ▁the ▁m ansion ▁was ▁listed ▁for ▁sale ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁at ▁a ▁list ▁price ▁of ▁$ 1 . 4 ▁million . ▁ ▁The ▁property ▁is ▁also ▁considered ▁a ▁New ▁Jersey ▁High lands ▁Region ▁Cultural ▁Resource . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : G reek ▁Rev ival |
▁houses ▁in ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : H istor ic ▁buildings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : H ouses ▁in ▁Morris ▁County , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : 1 8 8 0 s ▁architecture ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁Kur uk uru ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁located ▁in ▁De var ap alle , ▁West ▁God av ari ▁district ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁And h ra ▁Pr adesh , ▁India . ▁ ▁Et ym ology ▁In ▁ancient ▁times ▁this ▁village ▁was ▁named ▁as ▁" K ot thur u " ▁( K ot th av uru ▁people ▁pron ounce ▁as ▁kot thur u ), ▁later ▁on ▁renamed ▁as ▁Kur uk uru . ▁ ▁Urban ization ▁When ▁coming ▁to ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁▁ ▁Census ▁of ▁India , ▁Kur uk uru ▁had ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 1 5 9 0 . ▁The ▁total ▁population ▁constit utes ▁ 7 9 4 ▁males ▁and ▁ 7 9 7 ▁females ▁with ▁a ▁sex ▁ratio ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 3 ▁females ▁per ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁males . ▁ 1 6 2 ▁children ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁age ▁group ▁of ▁ 0 – 6 ▁years , ▁with ▁sex ▁ratio ▁of ▁ 8 6 2 . ▁The ▁average ▁liter acy ▁rate ▁stands ▁at ▁ 6 9 . 3 3 %. ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁West ▁God av ari ▁district ▁ ▁F ew ▁things ▁about ▁the ▁village ▁there ▁are ▁ 7 ▁tem ples ▁most ▁people ▁are ▁dev ot ional ▁▁ 1 ) S ri ▁Sub rah |
man ya ▁Sw ami ▁Temple ▁ 2 ) H an uman ▁Temple ▁ 3 ) vin ay aka ▁sw amy ▁Temple ▁ 4 ) S om al amma ▁Temple ▁ 5 ) Pol ay ram ma ▁Temple ▁ 6 ) R am al ay am ▁Temple ▁ 7 ) S ri ▁V enk ates w ara ▁Sw ami ( Bal aj i ) ▁Temple <0x0A> </s> ▁Operation ▁Kon yn ▁() ▁was ▁a ▁military ▁operation ▁by ▁the ▁South ▁African ▁Def ence ▁Force ▁during ▁the ▁South ▁African ▁Border ▁War ▁and ▁Ang olan ▁Civil ▁War . ▁Operation ▁Kon yn ▁was ▁launched ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁The ▁operation ▁preced ed ▁Operation ▁Prote a ▁with ▁the ▁objective ▁of ▁destroy ing ▁targets ▁at ▁C ah ama ▁and ▁Ch ib emb a ▁in ▁Ang ola . ▁The ▁Ang ol ans ▁had ▁built ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁rad ar ▁and ▁early ▁warning ▁stations ▁at ▁C ah ama , ▁Ch ib emb a , ▁Lub ango ▁and ▁Men ong ue . ▁Att ack ing ▁the ▁first ▁two ▁target ▁towns ▁would ▁ensure ▁that ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Ar med ▁Forces ▁for ▁the ▁Liber ation ▁of ▁Ang ola ▁( F AP LA ) ▁would ▁not ▁inter f ere ▁with ▁the ▁South ▁African ▁Air ▁Force ▁operations ▁in ▁support ▁of ▁South ▁African ▁Def ence ▁Force ▁( S AD F ) ▁ground ▁troops ▁taking ▁part ▁Operation ▁Prote a ▁against ▁People ' s ▁Liber ation ▁Army ▁of ▁Nam ib ia ▁bases . ▁ ▁Background ▁Pl anning ▁for ▁the ▁operation ▁began ▁on ▁the |
▁ 2 1 ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁while ▁S AD F ▁ground ▁combat ▁units ▁begun ▁to ▁form ▁up ▁in ▁position ▁for ▁Operation ▁Prote a ▁that ▁was ▁to ▁begin ▁on ▁the ▁early ▁morning ▁of ▁ 2 3 ▁August . ▁On ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 3 ▁August , ▁SA AF ▁combat ▁aircraft ▁consisting ▁of ▁two ▁Can ber ra ▁bom bers , ▁eight ▁Mira ge ▁F - 1 ' s ▁and ▁two ▁Bu cc ane ers ▁attacked ▁facilities ▁at ▁C ah ama . ▁Min utes ▁later ▁a ▁further ▁two ▁Can ber ra ▁bom bers , ▁six teen ▁Mira ge ▁F - 1 ' s ▁attacked ▁the ▁rad ar ▁install ations ▁at ▁Ch ib emb a . ▁The ▁rad ar ▁facilities ▁were ▁heavily ▁def ended ▁by ▁SA - 7 s . ▁ ▁By ▁the ▁afternoon , ▁five ▁Can ber ra ▁bom bers ▁returned ▁to ▁C ah ama ▁and ▁bom bed ▁it ▁again ▁and ▁later ▁that ▁evening ▁the ▁Bu cc ane er ' s ▁returned ▁and ▁attacked ▁a ▁transport ▁dep ot ▁north ▁east ▁of ▁this ▁target ▁town . ▁ ▁After math ▁On ▁ 2 6 ▁August , ▁during ▁Operation ▁Prote a , ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁C ah ama ▁and ▁Ch ib em be ▁were ▁again ▁bom bed ▁by ▁the ▁SA AF . ▁The ▁following ▁day ▁F AP LA ▁engine ers ▁arrived ▁at ▁the ▁towns ▁and ▁begun ▁to ▁re build ▁the ▁rad ar ▁install ations ▁and ▁upgrade ▁the ▁def ensive ▁positions . ▁At ▁the ▁same ▁time ▁a ▁mechan ised ▁batt alion ▁of ▁PL AN ▁arrived |
▁at ▁C ah ama , ▁under ▁F AP LA ▁command , ▁to ▁take ▁up ▁a ▁def ensive ▁position . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Kon yn , ▁Operation ▁Kon yn , ▁Operation ▁Kon yn ▁Kon yn ▁Category : Conf lic ts ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁Category : August ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁events ▁in ▁Africa <0x0A> </s> ▁Mas ly any e ▁Gor och ki ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁rural ▁local ity ▁( a ▁village ) ▁in ▁Nag orno ye ▁R ural ▁S ett lement , ▁Pet ush in sky ▁District , ▁Vladimir ▁O blast , ▁Russia . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 3 ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁There ▁are ▁ 3 ▁streets . ▁ ▁Geography ▁ ▁The ▁village ▁is ▁located ▁ 3 ▁km ▁north ▁from ▁Pok rov , ▁ 2 3 ▁km ▁north - west ▁from ▁Pet ush ki . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : R ural ▁local ities ▁in ▁Vladimir ▁O blast <0x0A> </s> ▁is ▁a ▁Japanese ▁television ▁drama ▁series , ▁the ▁ 9 1 st ▁As adora ▁( mor ning ▁drama ) ▁broadcast ▁daily ▁on ▁N H K ▁from ▁September ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁until ▁March ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁Mass an ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁lives ▁of ▁Mas ata ka ▁Tak ets uru ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Jess ie ▁Ro berta ▁" R ita " ▁Cow an , ▁a ▁Sc ots w oman ▁Tak ets uru ▁met ▁while ▁studying ▁abroad . ▁American ▁actress |
▁Charlotte ▁Kate ▁Fox ▁stars ▁as ▁Ell ie ▁K ame y ama ▁opposite ▁Japanese ▁actor ▁T ets u ji ▁Tam ay ama ▁as ▁Mas ah aru ▁K ame y ama ▁in ▁a ▁fict ional ized ▁account ▁of ▁R ita ' s ▁travel s ▁to ▁Japan ▁and ▁Tak ets uru ' s ▁attempts ▁to ▁begin ▁the ▁Nik ka ▁Wh is ky ▁Dist illing ▁company . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁that ▁N H K ' s ▁As adora ▁series ▁has ▁featured ▁a ▁non - J apan ese ▁actor ▁in ▁a ▁lead ▁role . ▁ ▁Plot ▁ ▁Os aka ▁chapter ▁( 1 st ▁week ▁- ▁ 1 5 th ▁week ) ▁ ▁When ▁Mas ah aru ▁K ame y ama ▁returns ▁to ▁his ▁h omet own ▁Take h ara ▁in ▁H iro sh ima ▁pre fect ure ▁after ▁sp ending ▁two ▁years ▁in ▁Scotland ▁learning ▁how ▁to ▁make ▁whis ky , ▁he ▁brings ▁back ▁with ▁him ▁Ell ie , ▁a ▁woman ▁whom ▁he ▁met ▁and ▁married ▁there . ▁His ▁parents ▁are ▁shock ed ▁to ▁see ▁this ▁bl onde ▁woman ▁arrive ▁as ▁their ▁new ▁daughter ▁in ▁law . ▁Mas ah aru ' s ▁mother , ▁S ana e , ▁in ▁particular ▁ref uses ▁to ▁accept ▁the ▁marriage . ▁But ▁Mas ashi , ▁his ▁father , ▁is ▁more ▁forg iving , ▁even ▁encourag ing ▁his ▁son ▁to ▁purs ue ▁his ▁dream ▁of ▁making ▁real ▁whis ky ▁in ▁Japan , ▁despite ▁the ▁fact ▁the ▁family ▁has ▁run ▁a ▁sake ▁bre wer y ▁for ▁gener ations . ▁ ▁Mas ah |
aru ▁takes ▁Ell ie ▁and ▁returns ▁to ▁his ▁job ▁at ▁the ▁Sum iy oshi ▁Bre wer y ▁in ▁Os aka , ▁but ▁enc oun ters ▁another ▁problem : ▁even ▁though ▁nothing ▁was ▁actually ▁ver bal ized , ▁D ais aku ▁Tan aka , ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁the ▁bre wer y , ▁paid ▁for ▁Mas ah aru ▁to ▁go ▁to ▁Scotland ▁on ▁the ▁expectation ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁later ▁marry ▁his ▁daughter , ▁Y ū ko . ▁She ▁initially ▁res ents ▁Ell ie , ▁but ▁they ▁eventually ▁become ▁friends ▁and ▁Y ū ko ▁teach es ▁Ell ie ▁how ▁to ▁cook ▁Japanese ▁food . ▁ ▁Meanwhile , ▁Mas ah aru ▁tries ▁to ▁put ▁together ▁a ▁plan ▁so ▁that ▁Sum iy oshi ▁can ▁begin ▁making ▁whis ky , ▁but ▁that ▁is ▁put ▁in ▁danger ▁when ▁a ▁nation wide ▁sc andal ▁over ▁poor ly ▁made ▁wine ▁hur ts ▁Sum iy oshi ' s ▁wine ▁business , ▁even ▁though ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁problem ▁with ▁their ▁product . ▁The ▁fl am boy ant ▁president ▁of ▁Kam oi ▁Tr ading , ▁Kin j ir ō ▁Kam oi , ▁seems ▁to ▁save ▁the ▁day ▁with ▁a ▁revolution ary ▁advert ising ▁campaign ▁prom oting ▁wine , ▁but ▁that ▁is ▁not ▁enough ▁for ▁the ▁Sum iy oshi ▁board ▁of ▁direct ors : ▁not ▁only ▁do ▁they ▁cancel ▁Mas ah aru ' s ▁whis ky ▁plan , ▁they ▁also ▁push ▁him ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁company . ▁ ▁To o ▁proud ▁to ▁go ▁ask ▁Kam oi ▁for ▁a ▁job , ▁after ▁having ▁once ▁rejected ▁an ▁offer |
▁from ▁him , ▁Mas ah aru ▁does ▁odd ▁jobs ▁while ▁Ell ie ▁begins ▁teaching ▁English ▁and ▁singing , ▁ear ning ▁quite ▁a ▁reputation ▁in ▁the ▁neighborhood . ▁When ▁Mas ah aru ▁receives ▁a ▁tele gram ▁from ▁his ▁mother ▁saying ▁that ▁his ▁father ▁is ▁dying , ▁they ▁r ush ▁back ▁to ▁Take h ara ▁only ▁to ▁find ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁r use : ▁S ana e ▁is ▁plot ting ▁to ▁have ▁Mas ah aru ▁give ▁up ▁his ▁dream s ▁of ▁whis ky ▁and ▁take ▁over ▁the ▁sake ▁business ▁from ▁his ▁father . ▁After ▁seeing ▁his ▁sister ▁giving ▁birth , ▁and ▁wondering ▁if ▁he ▁can ▁support ▁Ell ie ▁once ▁they ▁have ▁a ▁child , ▁Mas ah aru ▁propos es ▁to ▁stay ▁in ▁H iro sh ima ▁and ▁take ▁over ▁the ▁sake ▁business , ▁but ▁his ▁father ▁ins ists ▁he ▁should ▁follow ▁his ▁dream s . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁two ▁return ▁to ▁Os aka , ▁Mas ah aru ▁thinks ▁about ▁asking ▁Kam oi ▁for ▁a ▁job , ▁but ▁gets ▁off ended ▁by ▁what ▁he ▁thinks ▁is ▁his ▁lack ▁of ▁serious ▁dedic ation ▁towards ▁whis ky . ▁Ell ie ▁de vis es ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁plans ▁to ▁bring ▁the ▁two ▁together , ▁but ▁in ▁the ▁end ▁it ▁is ▁when ▁Mas ah aru ▁real izes ▁how ▁devoted ▁Kam oi ▁is ▁to ▁making ▁whis ky ▁in ▁Japan ▁that ▁he ▁joins ▁Kam oi ' s ▁business . ▁T osh io , ▁who ▁worked ▁at ▁Mas ashi ' s ▁sake ▁bre wer y , ▁comes ▁to ▁help . ▁ ▁But |
▁even ▁then , ▁it ▁seems ▁that ▁Kam oi ▁and ▁Mas ah aru ▁are ▁of ▁two ▁minds . ▁Mas ah aru ▁ins ists ▁that ▁only ▁H ok ka ido ▁has ▁the ▁right ▁conditions ▁to ▁make ▁good ▁whis ky , ▁but ▁Kam oi ▁ins ists ▁on ▁building ▁the ▁dist illery ▁in ▁Yam az aki ▁near ▁Os aka . ▁Kam oi ▁has ▁good ▁reasons ▁for ▁building ▁it ▁there , ▁so ▁after ▁several ▁years ' ▁construction , ▁the ▁dist illery ▁begins ▁operations . ▁It ▁is ▁at ▁that ▁time ▁that ▁Mas ah aru ▁lear ns ▁that ▁Ell ie ▁is ▁pre gn ant . ▁He ▁also ▁begins ▁board ing ▁E i ich ir ō ▁Kam oi , ▁Kin j ir ō ' s ▁son ▁who ▁res ents ▁his ▁father ▁for ▁what ▁he ▁thinks ▁he ▁did ▁to ▁his ▁mother . ▁Ell ie ▁mis car ries ▁and ▁finds ▁out ▁that ▁becoming ▁pre gn ant ▁again ▁might ▁threaten ▁her ▁life . ▁See ing ▁this ▁human ▁drama , ▁E i ich ir ō ▁recon c iles ▁with ▁his ▁father ▁and ▁dec ides ▁to ▁learn ▁whis ky ▁making ▁from ▁Mas ah aru . ▁ ▁Ell ie ▁and ▁Mas ah aru ▁adopt ▁a ▁baby ▁girl ▁named ▁Emma . ▁Wh is ky ▁bre wing ▁proceed s ▁well , ▁but ▁unfortunately ▁their ▁first ▁batch es ▁do ▁not ▁sell ▁well , ▁threaten ing ▁the ▁entire ▁Kam oi ▁business . ▁Mas ah aru ▁ins ists ▁on ▁only ▁making ▁a ▁true ▁sc ot ch ▁whis ky ▁with ▁" sm o key ▁flav or ," ▁so ▁Kam oi , ▁to ▁make |
▁him ▁understand ▁the ▁problem ▁of ▁sales , ▁sends ▁him ▁out ▁into ▁the ▁coun tr ys ide ▁to ▁sell ▁the ▁product . ▁ ▁H ok ka id ō ▁chapter ▁( 1 6 th ▁week ▁- ▁ 2 5 th ▁week ) ▁ ▁In ▁Y o ichi , ▁H ok ka ido , ▁Mas ah aru ▁runs ▁into ▁K um ator a ▁Mor ino , ▁a ▁former ▁sam ur ai ▁who ▁made ▁a ▁fortune ▁in ▁the ▁her ring ▁fish ing ▁business , ▁who ▁bu ys ▁all ▁his ▁whis ky ▁to ▁help ▁him ▁out . ▁In ▁Y o ichi , ▁Mas ah aru ▁finds ▁the ▁ideal ▁location ▁for ▁making ▁whis ky . ▁It ▁is ▁that ▁time ▁that ▁S ana e ▁dies , ▁after ▁telling ▁Ell ie ▁how ▁wonderful ▁a ▁daughter - in - law ▁she ▁is . ▁Real izing ▁his ▁responsibility ▁in ▁raising ▁a ▁family , ▁Mas ah aru ▁returns ▁to ▁Os aka ▁and ▁accepts ▁Kam oi ' s ▁plan ▁to ▁produce ▁lower - grade ▁whis ky ▁more ▁appe aling ▁to ▁Japanese , ▁to ▁the ▁protest ations ▁of ▁T osh io ▁and ▁E i ich ir ō . ▁He ▁does ▁that , ▁but ▁with ▁Ell ie ' s ▁prompt ing , ▁qu its ▁Kam oi ' s ▁company ▁and , ▁with ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁invest ors , ▁proceed s ▁to ▁H ok ka ido ▁to ▁start ▁his ▁own ▁bre wer y . ▁ ▁Mas ah aru ' s ▁plan ▁is ▁to ▁take ▁advantage ▁of ▁Y o ichi ' s ▁abund ant ▁apple ▁orch ards ▁to ▁make |
▁apple ▁ju ice ▁until ▁the ▁whis ky ▁ages . ▁But ▁when ▁people ▁find ▁out ▁he ▁is ▁stay ing ▁at ▁K um ator a ' s , ▁they ▁all ▁refuse ▁to ▁talk ▁to ▁him . ▁Appar ently ▁K um ator a ' s ▁business ▁had ▁gone ▁b ust ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁deeply ▁in ▁deb t , ▁ear ning ▁the ▁res ent ment ▁of ▁everyone , ▁including ▁his ▁son ▁Kaz uma . ▁Mas ah aru ▁solves ▁the ▁situation ▁by ▁bu ying ▁K um ator a ' s ▁, ▁who ▁pays ▁off ▁his ▁deb ts . ▁Mas ah aru ▁builds ▁his ▁own ▁house ▁next ▁to ▁the ▁m ansion ▁and ▁Kaz uma ▁and ▁H ana , ▁K um ator a ' s ▁daughter , ▁help ▁with ▁the ▁new ▁business . ▁T osh io ▁again ▁arriv es ▁to ▁help ▁out . ▁ ▁The ▁apple ▁ju ice ▁business ▁takes ▁a ▁while ▁to ▁take ▁hold ▁and ▁Emma ▁runs ▁into ▁problems ▁at ▁school ▁because ▁k ids ▁te ase ▁her ▁for ▁having ▁a ▁c au cas ian ▁mother . ▁It ▁is ▁only ▁then ▁that ▁she ▁finds ▁out ▁she ▁is ▁adopted . ▁H ear ing ▁of ▁E i ich ir ō ' s ▁un tim ely ▁death , ▁Mas ah aru ▁also ▁starts ▁bre wing ▁whis ky ▁before ▁his ▁invest ors ▁allow ▁him , ▁and ▁when ▁it ▁is ▁done , ▁it ▁also ▁does ▁not ▁sell ▁well . ▁In ▁the ▁meant ime , ▁T osh io ▁mar ries ▁H ana . ▁Mas ah aru ' s ▁business ▁is ▁saved , ▁as ▁Japan ▁heads ▁towards |
▁war , ▁by ▁the ▁Imperial ▁Japanese ▁Navy , ▁which ▁wants ▁to ▁secure ▁a ▁supply ▁of ▁domestic ▁whis ky . ▁ ▁Now ▁operating ▁as ▁a ▁designated ▁supp lier ▁of ▁the ▁Navy , ▁Mas ah aru ' s ▁fin ances ▁are ▁finally ▁stable , ▁but ▁after ▁the ▁bomb ing ▁of ▁Pear l ▁Har bor , ▁Ell ie ▁is ▁confront ed ▁with ▁a ▁major ▁decision . ▁Catherine , ▁the ▁Japanese ▁wife ▁of ▁a ▁British ▁mission ary ▁and ▁an ▁old ▁friend ▁from ▁Os aka , ▁ur ges ▁Ell ie ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁country ▁with ▁her , ▁but ▁Ell ie ▁dec ides ▁to ▁stay . ▁During ▁the ▁war , ▁however , ▁she ▁is ▁almost ▁arrested ▁by ▁the ▁Ken pe it ai ▁under ▁the ▁false ▁charge ▁of ▁being ▁a ▁sp y , ▁and ▁Emma ▁is ▁bul lied ▁at ▁school . ▁Emma ▁also ▁falls ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁Kaz uma , ▁whom ▁Mas ah aru ▁hopes ▁to ▁gro om ▁as ▁his ▁successor , ▁but ▁has ▁to ▁bear ▁it ▁when ▁he ▁is ▁draft ed ▁and ▁is ▁sent ▁off ▁to ▁war . ▁She ▁and ▁everyone ▁else ▁is ▁shock ed ▁when ▁news ▁arriv es ▁of ▁his ▁death ▁just ▁before ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁war ▁ends , ▁Ell ie ▁is ▁finally ▁able ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁house ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁in ▁years , ▁but ▁Mas ah aru ' s ▁whis ky ▁again ▁does ▁not ▁sell , ▁especially ▁since ▁third - grade ▁whis ky ▁has ▁taken ▁over ▁the ▁market . ▁S ator u , ▁the ▁second ▁son ▁of ▁Mas ah aru |
' s ▁sister ▁Ch ik ako , ▁arriv es ▁in ▁Y o ichi ▁after ▁several ▁years ▁of ▁imprison ment ▁in ▁Si ber ia . ▁It ▁is ▁he ▁who ▁convin ces ▁Mas ah aru ▁that ▁a ▁good ▁third - grade ▁whis ky ▁is ▁just ▁what ▁the ▁average ▁Japanese ▁needs ▁after ▁the ▁war . ▁Mas ah aru , ▁using ▁whis ky ▁made ▁with ▁the ▁special ▁stra in ▁of ▁whe at ▁Kaz uma ▁developed ▁just ▁for ▁whis ky , ▁succeed s ▁in ▁making ▁a ▁third - grade ▁whis ky ▁without ▁any ▁add it ives ▁or ▁color ing , ▁which ▁s ells ▁well . ▁T osh io ▁then ▁leaves ▁for ▁H iro sh ima ▁with ▁H ana ▁to ▁help ▁Mas ashi ▁with ▁the ▁sake ▁bre wer y . ▁See ing ▁S ator u ' s ▁interest ▁in ▁whis ky ▁making , ▁Ell ie ▁and ▁Mas ah aru ▁decide ▁to ▁adopt ▁him . ▁ ▁Several ▁years ▁later , ▁S ator u ▁is ▁married ▁with ▁children ▁and ▁Emma ▁returns ▁from ▁her ▁job ▁in ▁England ▁with ▁a ▁young ▁man ▁in ▁to w . ▁As ▁Ell ie ▁and ▁Mas ah aru ▁inter rog ate ▁her ▁on ▁whether ▁she ▁will ▁marry ▁him ▁or ▁not , ▁Ell ie ▁col laps es . ▁It ▁turns ▁out ▁Ell ie ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁long ▁to ▁live . ▁Mas ah aru ▁hopes ▁to ▁give ▁Ell ie ▁the ▁wed ding ▁ceremony ▁he ▁never ▁gave ▁her — and ▁Emma ▁promises ▁to ▁marry ▁her ▁be au ▁Mike — but ▁Ell ie ▁dies . ▁Ten ▁years ▁later , ▁Mas ah aru |
▁produces ▁an ▁award - win ning ▁whis ky ▁named ▁after ▁Ell ie . ▁ ▁Cast ▁: ▁T ets u ji ▁Tam ay ama ▁: ▁Charlotte ▁Kate ▁Fox ▁: ▁M io ▁Y ū ki ▁( ages ▁ 1 5 – 1 8 ); ▁Har uka ▁Kin ami ▁( ad ult ) ▁: ▁P ink o ▁Iz umi ▁: ▁G in ▁Ma eda ▁: ▁Na omi ▁N ish ida ▁: ▁Y ū ki ▁Iz um is awa ▁: ▁Ak ari ▁Hay ami ▁: ▁Nor ito ▁Y ash ima ▁: ▁Gent ar ō ▁Tak ah ashi ▁: ▁Ki y oshi ▁N ish ik awa ▁: ▁S aki ▁A ib u ▁: ▁Y ō ko ▁N ats uki ▁: ▁A ki ra ▁Sh ira i ▁: ▁Nor iko ▁Eg uch i ▁: ▁Mari ▁Ham ada ▁: ▁Iz ō ▁O ik awa ▁: ▁Shin ichi ▁Ts ut sum i ▁: ▁K od ai ▁As aka ▁: ▁A ki hi ro ▁Kim ura ▁: ▁Mor io ▁Kaz ama ▁: ▁E iko ▁K oi ke ▁: ▁Ar ata ▁Hor ita ▁: ▁Y uk ij ir ō ▁Hot aru ▁W ull ie , ▁Scottish ▁dist illery ▁for eman ▁( ロ ー レ ン ス ▁ マ ッ ク ラ ウ ド ・ マ ド ッ ク ス ): ▁Laur ence ▁Mc Le od ▁M add ox ▁Mr . ▁Smith , ▁Scottish ▁dist iller ▁visit ing ▁Japan ▁ （ <0xE3> <0x83> <0x98> ン リ ー フ ァ ウ ラ ー ） : ▁Henry ▁F ow ler ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links |
▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 4 ▁Japanese ▁television ▁series ▁deb uts ▁Category : As adora ▁Category : 2 0 1 5 ▁Japanese ▁television ▁series ▁end ings <0x0A> </s> ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁is ▁a ▁racing ▁video ▁game ▁developed ▁by ▁Code master s ▁and ▁originally ▁published ▁by ▁Camer ica ▁for ▁the ▁N intendo ▁Entertainment ▁System ▁( N ES ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁Th emed ▁around ▁Gal o ob ' s ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁to ys , ▁players ▁race ▁in ▁mini atur ised ▁to y ▁vehicles ▁around ▁various ▁environments . ▁The ▁game ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁instal ment ▁in ▁the ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁video ▁game ▁series . ▁ ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁developed ▁because ▁Gal o ob ▁wanted ▁Code master s ▁to ▁develop ▁a ▁game ▁based ▁on ▁their ▁to y ▁brand , ▁although ▁Gal o ob ▁and ▁Code master s ▁encountered ▁legal ▁issues ▁with ▁N intendo ▁over ▁the ▁game ▁being ▁un lic ensed . ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁port ed ▁to ▁several ▁systems , ▁and ▁received ▁rem akes ▁for ▁the ▁X box , ▁Play Station ▁ 2 , ▁and ▁Game C ube ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁Micro ▁Mach iness ▁reception ▁was ▁positive , ▁with ▁review ers ▁pra ising ▁the ▁original ity ▁and ▁two - player ▁mode , ▁although ▁some ▁critic ised ▁the ▁spr ites ▁on ▁some ▁versions . ▁A ▁sequ el , ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁ 2 : ▁Tur bo ▁Tournament , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁and ▁the ▁series ▁was ▁rev ived ▁in ▁ |
2 0 1 6 ▁with ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁a ▁title ▁for ▁iOS ▁and ▁Android . ▁ ▁Game play ▁▁ ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁is ▁a ▁top - down ▁racing ▁game : ▁players ▁observe ▁races ▁from ▁above . ▁Play ers ▁race ▁in ▁environments ▁such ▁as ▁breakfast ▁and ▁pool ▁tables , ▁work ▁des ks , ▁and ▁tree h ouses , ▁driving ▁to y ▁vehicles ▁such ▁as ▁power bo ats , ▁hel ic op ters , ▁formula ▁one ▁cars , ▁and ▁t anks ▁that ▁can ▁shoot ▁other ▁rac ers . ▁C ourses ▁have ▁a ▁pre defined ▁path ▁that ▁rac ers ▁must ▁follow : ▁if ▁a ▁player ▁leaves ▁the ▁defined ▁route ▁for ▁too ▁long ▁they ▁are ▁sent ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁track . ▁Many ▁have ▁obst acles ▁such ▁as ▁c ere al ▁boxes ▁on ▁breakfast ▁tables , ▁and ▁p enc il ▁sh ar pen ers ▁on ▁des ks . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁game ▁modes : ▁the ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁Challenge , ▁and ▁head - to - head . ▁In ▁both ▁modes , ▁players ▁select ▁a ▁character . ▁In ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁Challenge , ▁players ▁race ▁against ▁three ▁computer - control led ▁oppon ents , ▁and ▁must ▁finish ▁in ▁first ▁or ▁second ▁to ▁qual ify ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁round . ▁Play ers ▁are ▁given ▁three ▁ch ances : ▁if ▁all ▁three ▁are ▁lost ▁the ▁game ▁is ▁over . ▁Every ▁three ▁races , ▁players ▁comp ete ▁in ▁a ▁time ▁trial ▁race ▁to ▁ear n ▁an ▁extra ▁chance . ▁In ▁head - to - head , ▁players ▁race ▁against ▁another ▁vehicle |
. ▁Play ers ▁are ▁colour - coded , ▁and ▁the ▁goal ▁is ▁to ▁get ▁lights ▁on ▁the ▁screen ▁to ▁show ▁the ▁player ' s ▁colour ▁by ▁getting ▁a ▁screen ▁ahead ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁player , ▁so ▁the ▁trailing ▁player ▁is ▁no ▁longer ▁visible . ▁When ▁this ▁happens , ▁one ▁light ▁turns ▁to ▁the ▁colour ▁of ▁the ▁leading ▁player . ▁The ▁game ▁ends ▁when ▁all ▁eight ▁lights ▁are ▁one ▁colour , ▁or ▁after ▁three ▁la ps , ▁in ▁which ▁case ▁victory ▁goes ▁to ▁the ▁player ▁with ▁the ▁most ▁lights . ▁If ▁the ▁game ▁is ▁tied , ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁" s ud den ▁death ▁play - off ", ▁where ▁the ▁next ▁player ▁to ▁win ▁a ▁light ▁wins . ▁The ▁game ▁starts ▁with ▁four ▁lights ▁of ▁each ▁colour . ▁Head - to - head ▁can ▁be ▁played ▁in ▁either ▁single - player ▁mode ▁or ▁with ▁two ▁players . ▁With ▁two ▁players , ▁certain ▁characters ▁have ▁a ▁hand ic ap ▁to ▁give ▁the ▁other ▁player ▁a ▁better ▁chance . ▁The ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ▁supports ▁two ▁players ▁via ▁link - up , ▁or ▁by ▁players ▁holding ▁one ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁console ▁each ▁with ▁one ▁player ▁using ▁the ▁buttons ▁and ▁the ▁other ▁the ▁D - pad . ▁ ▁Development ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁the ▁found ers ▁of ▁Code master s , ▁David ▁and ▁Richard ▁Dar ling , ▁were ▁at ▁the ▁Cons umer ▁Electron ics ▁Show ▁in ▁Las ▁Veg as , ▁and ▁were ▁im pressed ▁with ▁the ▁popular ity ▁of ▁the ▁N intendo ▁Entertainment |
▁System ▁in ▁the ▁USA . ▁They ▁wanted ▁to ▁develop ▁games ▁for ▁the ▁system , ▁but ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁lic ence ▁from ▁N intendo . ▁In ▁October ▁ 1 9 8 9 , ▁programmer ▁Andrew ▁Graham ▁developed ▁a ▁prototype , ▁California ▁Bug gy ▁Boys , ▁which ▁was ▁show c ased ▁with ▁multiple ▁cons oles ▁network ed . ▁The ▁prototype ▁featured ▁bug g ies ▁similar ▁to ▁those ▁in ▁Power ▁Dr ift , ▁and ▁the ▁intention ▁was ▁to ▁develop ▁something ▁that ▁would ▁be ▁popular ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁Code master s ▁then ▁obtained ▁a ▁lic ens ing ▁deal ▁with ▁Gal o ob , ▁who ▁wanted ▁them ▁to ▁develop ▁a ▁game ▁based ▁on ▁their ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁to ys . ▁California ▁Bug gy ▁Boys ▁was ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁base , ▁and ▁Gal o ob ▁sent ▁to ys ▁to ▁Code master s , ▁who ▁wanted ▁a ▁good ▁selection ▁for ▁the ▁game . ▁ ▁The ▁development ▁team ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁access ▁to ▁official ▁N intendo ▁documents , ▁and ▁their ▁knowledge ▁of ▁the ▁N ES ' s ▁hardware ▁came ▁from ▁reverse ▁engineering . ▁They ▁decided ▁to ▁have ▁recogn is able ▁household ▁environments , ▁and ▁tables ▁were ▁a ▁favour ite , ▁although ▁the ▁N ES ' s ▁limited ▁graphics ▁capabilities ▁meant ▁there ▁was ▁some ▁repet ition . ▁Art ist ▁Paul ▁Per rot ▁converted ▁the ▁California ▁Bug gy ▁Boys ▁graphics ▁using ▁Del ux e ▁P aint ▁and ▁a ▁cross ▁compiler . ▁According ▁to ▁Graham , ▁the ▁team ▁tried ▁to ▁keep ▁the ▁tracks ▁short , ▁as ▁they ▁were ▁considered ▁more ▁enjoy |
able . ▁Graham ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁artificial ▁intelligence ▁( AI ) ▁is ▁basic ▁by ▁modern ▁standards , ▁and ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁difficult ▁to ▁rep licate ▁the ▁multi player ▁experience ▁in ▁single - player ▁mode . ▁The ▁A I ▁consisted ▁of ▁invisible ▁ar rows , ▁which ▁directed ▁computer - control led ▁vehicles . ▁Graham ▁stated ▁that ▁split ▁screen ▁was ▁not ▁vi able ▁on ▁the ▁N ES , ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁single - screen ▁system ▁was ▁something ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁eager ▁to ▁try . ▁He ▁further ▁stated ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁" very ▁happy " ▁with ▁the ▁multi player ▁mode , ▁saying ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁best ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁game ▁and ▁made ▁the ▁single ▁player ▁mode ▁" bor ing " ▁in ▁comparison . ▁He ▁was ▁very ▁pleased ▁when ▁Richard ▁Dar ling ▁stated ▁that ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁is ▁the ▁best ▁game ▁they ▁had ▁ever ▁made . ▁There ▁was ▁another ▁multi player ▁mode ▁in ▁development , ▁but ▁did ▁not ▁make ▁it : ▁this ▁would ▁have ▁involved ▁playing ▁over ▁a ▁network . ▁This ▁was ▁shown ▁at ▁the ▁Cons umer ▁Electron ics ▁Show . ▁ ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁The ▁game ▁did ▁not ▁go ▁through ▁quality ▁ass urance , ▁and ▁as ▁a ▁result , ▁a ▁major ▁bug ▁that ▁caused ▁the ▁game ▁to ▁crash ▁was ▁discovered ▁near ▁completion . ▁The ▁bug ▁occurred ▁when ▁the ▁player ▁tried ▁to ▁reverse ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁race , ▁and ▁escaped ▁notice ▁because ▁none ▁of ▁the ▁test ers ▁thought ▁to ▁do ▁so ▁as ▁they ▁thought ▁it ▁was ▁so |
▁easy . ▁It ▁was ▁determined ▁that ▁just ▁one ▁binary ▁bit ▁was ▁wrong , ▁and ▁a ▁device ▁that ▁function ed ▁like ▁a ▁mini ature ▁Game ▁Gen ie ▁was ▁installed ▁on ▁the ▁cart rid ges ▁to ▁correct ▁it , ▁as ▁by ▁the ▁time ▁the ▁bug ▁was ▁discovered , ▁there ▁were ▁plenty ▁of ▁R OM ▁ch ips ▁containing ▁the ▁bug ged ▁version . ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁released ▁for ▁the ▁N ES ▁by ▁Camer ica ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁N intendo ▁wanted ▁development ▁halt ed ▁because ▁Code master s ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁lic ence ▁from ▁them , ▁and ▁su ed ▁Gal o ob ▁over ▁the ▁sales ▁of ▁the ▁Game ▁Gen ie . ▁Cour ts ▁ruled ▁in ▁Gal o ob ' s ▁favour ▁( N intendo ▁appe aled , ▁but ▁the ▁r uling ▁was ▁u ph eld ), ▁but ▁the ▁legal ▁issues ▁meant ▁that ▁sales ▁of ▁the ▁N ES ▁version ▁were ▁not ▁as ▁good ▁as ▁hoped . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁the ▁N ES ▁version , ▁ports ▁for ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive , ▁Game ▁G ear , ▁Master ▁System , ▁Game ▁Boy , ▁Super ▁N intendo ▁Entertainment ▁System ▁( SN ES ), ▁CD - I , ▁and ▁PC ▁were ▁developed . ▁The ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁team ▁improved ▁the ▁handling ▁( g iving ▁it ▁an ▁" on - rails " ▁feel ), ▁and ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁graphics ▁merely ▁required ▁red raw ing . ▁This ▁involved ▁adding ▁colour , ▁or ▁simply ▁recre ating ▁them ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁original s . ▁Rot ations ▁were ▁added |
▁to ▁the ▁vehicle ▁spr ites ▁for ▁sm o other ▁movement . ▁According ▁to ▁artist ▁Brian ▁Hart ley , ▁the ▁main ▁consider ations ▁were ▁the ▁colour ▁schemes , ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁decided ▁to ▁keep ▁the ▁game ▁with ▁a ▁cart oon ▁style . ▁He ▁stated ▁it ▁led ▁to ▁a ▁" fun ▁use ▁of ▁colour ". ▁As ▁the ▁design ▁dec isions ▁were ▁made ▁during ▁the ▁development ▁for ▁the ▁N ES ▁version , ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁team ▁simply ▁had ▁to ▁convert ▁the ▁game ▁for ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁hardware . ▁Gal o ob ' s ▁only ▁input ▁was ▁to ▁ensure ▁their ▁log os ▁were ▁correct . ▁The ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁version ▁was ▁originally ▁due ▁for ▁release ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁but ▁legal ▁issues ▁with ▁S ega ▁over ▁the ▁game ▁being ▁un lic ensed ▁delayed ▁release ▁until ▁July . ▁ ▁The ▁CD - I ▁version ▁was ▁c oded ▁by ▁Ash ley ▁Hog g . ▁He ▁stated ▁that ▁there ▁were ▁problems ▁that ▁only ▁occurred ▁on ▁this ▁console , ▁and ▁CD - R s ▁were ▁expensive . ▁The ▁Game ▁G ear ▁team ▁were ▁originally ▁against ▁the ▁" on - rails " ▁handling ▁of ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁version , ▁and ▁wanted ▁to ▁revert ▁to ▁the ▁N ES ▁dr ifting . ▁The ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ▁was ▁created ▁by ▁Ash ley ▁Rout ledge ▁and ▁Dave ▁Sau nd ers , ▁who ▁adjust ed ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁graphics ▁to ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ' s ▁smaller ▁screen . ▁It ▁was ▁produced ▁alongside ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁version , |
▁and ▁program med ▁from ▁scratch ▁to ▁run ▁at ▁ 6 0 ▁frames ▁per ▁second ▁( F PS ). ▁The ▁main ▁problem ▁was ▁keeping ▁as ▁much ▁detail ▁as ▁possible ▁on ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ' s ▁inferior ▁storage ▁and ▁memory ▁capabilities . ▁Much ▁of ▁the ▁art ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁red ra wn ▁with ▁fewer ▁colours ▁at ▁lower ▁resolution s . ▁The ▁biggest ▁problem ▁was ▁the ▁screen ▁size , ▁which ▁made ▁it ▁difficult ▁to ▁take ▁corners ▁at ▁high ▁spe eds . ▁The ▁team ▁twe aked ▁the ▁camera ▁movement ▁so ▁the ▁vehicle ▁was ▁position ed ▁further ▁back , ▁so ▁players ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁see ▁the ▁track ▁ahead ▁according ▁to ▁how ▁fast ▁the ▁vehicle ▁is ▁trav elling . ▁Another ▁thing ▁considered ▁important ▁was ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁options ▁screens , ▁as ▁it ▁was ▁felt ▁players ▁should ▁be ▁able ▁to ▁ ▁simply ▁play ▁the ▁game . ▁ ▁Graham ▁was ▁at ▁the ▁centre ▁of ▁development ▁across ▁platforms , ▁and ▁had ▁no ▁problem ▁with ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ▁having ▁vehicle ▁behaviour ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁N ES ▁version . ▁Rout ledge ▁and ▁Sau nd ers ▁came ▁up ▁with ▁the ▁method ▁of ▁multi player ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁device . ▁Multi player ▁via ▁link - up ▁was ▁difficult ▁to ▁implement , ▁with ▁problems ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁game ▁losing ▁sync . ▁ ▁The ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁the ▁Master ▁System , ▁CD - I , ▁SN ES , ▁and ▁PC ▁versions ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁and ▁the ▁Game ▁Boy ▁version ▁in ▁ |
1 9 9 5 . ▁The ▁Am iga ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁followed ▁by ▁a ▁sequ el , ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁ 2 : ▁Tur bo ▁Tournament ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁and ▁a ▁re make ▁( t itled ▁Micro M ach ines ▁and ▁released ▁by ▁Inf og r ames ) ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁for ▁Play Station ▁ 2 , ▁X box , ▁and ▁Game ▁Boy ▁Adv ance . ▁A ▁Game C ube ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁although ▁this ▁version ▁and ▁the ▁X box ▁version ▁were ▁cancel led ▁in ▁the ▁USA . ▁The ▁series ▁received ▁an ▁updated ▁game ▁( also ▁titled ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ) ▁for ▁iOS ▁and ▁Android ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁bund led ▁with ▁its ▁sequ el ▁and ▁released ▁on ▁the ▁Game ▁Boy ▁Color ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁▁ ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁received ▁critical ▁acc laim . ▁The ▁multi player ▁mode ▁in ▁particular ▁was ▁well ▁received , ▁and ▁some ▁review ers ▁compl iment ed ▁the ▁graphics ▁and ▁add ict iveness . ▁Review ing ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁version , ▁Computer ▁and ▁Video ▁Gam ess ▁Steve ▁Ke en ▁la ud ed ▁the ▁vehicle ▁movement ▁and ▁sound ▁effects , ▁and ▁Paul ▁Rand ▁pra ised ▁the ▁multi player ▁mode . ▁Both ▁described ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁better ▁racing ▁games ▁on ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive . |
▁In ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁listed ▁as ▁their ▁best ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁driving ▁game . ▁The ▁rev iewer ▁from ▁M ega ▁magazine ▁e ul og ised ▁the ▁play ability , ▁but ▁critic ised ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁a ▁save ▁function . ▁Nevertheless , ▁he ▁thought ▁the ▁game ▁was ▁" dest ined ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁classic ". ▁In ▁a ▁later ▁review , ▁the ▁game ▁was ▁described ▁as ▁" utter ly ▁wonderful ", ▁and ▁the ▁add ict iveness ▁of ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁mode ▁was ▁pra ised . ▁The ▁game ▁was ▁listed ▁at ▁number ▁eight ▁of ▁their ▁top ▁ 1 0 0 ▁list . ▁Games Master s ▁Jim ▁Douglas ▁la ud ed ▁the ▁graphics , ▁" br illiant " ▁controls , ▁and ▁the ▁two - player ▁mode , ▁and ▁James ▁Le ach ▁described ▁the ▁M ega ▁Drive ▁version ▁as ▁" even ▁better " ▁than ▁the ▁N ES ▁version , ▁and ▁e ul og ised ▁the ▁add ict iveness . ▁A ▁rev iewer ▁from ▁Mean ▁Mach ines ▁S ega ▁agreed ▁with ▁Games Master ▁by ▁compl iment ing ▁the ▁add ict iveness ▁of ▁two - player ▁mode , ▁but ▁believed ▁the ▁single - player ▁mode ▁is ▁too ▁easy . ▁S ega ▁Forces ▁rev iewer ▁pra ised ▁the ▁visual s ▁and ▁" col our ful " ▁graphics ▁and ▁the ▁two - player ▁mode , ▁but ▁described ▁the ▁sounds ▁as ▁" aver age ". ▁The ▁game ▁was ▁described ▁as ▁having ▁an ▁" unden i able ▁charm " ▁by ▁a ▁rev iewer ▁from |
▁French ▁magazine ▁Sup erson ic . ▁ ▁The ▁Game ▁G ear ▁and ▁Master ▁System ▁versions ▁were ▁noted ▁for ▁the ▁ability ▁to ▁link ▁two ▁units ▁together , ▁and ▁the ▁graphics , ▁respectively . ▁Review ing ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version , ▁Mean ▁Mach ines ▁S ega ▁rev iewer ▁believed ▁the ▁method ▁of ▁two ▁players ▁on ▁one ▁console ▁was ▁" re volution ary ", ▁but ▁critic ised ▁the ▁sprite ▁f lick er . ▁Nevertheless , ▁the ▁game ▁was ▁described ▁as ▁" Pro bably ▁the ▁most ▁play able ▁game ▁around ". ▁A ▁rev iewer ▁from ▁Game Pro ▁described ▁the ▁graphics ▁as ▁colour ful , ▁but ▁critic ised ▁the ▁difficulty ▁of ▁distingu ishing ▁vehicles ▁despite ▁the ▁colour - c oding . ▁The ▁sounds ▁were ▁described ▁as ▁" standard ▁for ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ", ▁but ▁the ▁two - player ▁via ▁console ▁sharing ▁was ▁la ud ed , ▁but ▁also ▁described ▁as ▁" cl ums y ". ▁Computer ▁and ▁Video ▁Gam ess ▁Den iz ▁Ah met ▁had ▁a ▁similar ▁opinion ▁to ▁Game Pro ▁rev iewer ▁by ▁describing ▁the ▁graphics ▁as ▁" well ▁designed ", ▁and ▁also ▁had ▁an ▁opinion ▁similar ▁to ▁that ▁of ▁Mean ▁Mach ines ▁S ega , ▁with ▁regards ▁to ▁the ▁two - play ers ▁sharing ▁function . ▁The ▁conversion ▁was ▁described ▁as ▁" ext rem ely ▁accurate ". ▁S ega ▁Master ▁Forces ▁rev iewer ▁liked ▁the ▁original ity ▁and ▁add ict iveness , ▁and ▁described ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ▁as ▁" f ant astic ". ▁The ▁Master ▁System ▁version ▁was ▁compl iment ed ▁by |
▁Mean ▁Mach ines ▁S ega ▁for ▁its ▁two - player ▁mode , ▁who ▁described ▁it ▁as ▁" tim eless ", ▁and ▁the ▁play ability ▁was ▁felt ▁to ▁be ▁" gre at ▁fun ", ▁but ▁the ▁graphics ▁were ▁critic ised ▁for ▁being ▁" flat ". ▁Despite ▁this , ▁it ▁was ▁declared ▁an ▁" ab sol utely ▁essential ▁purchase ". ▁French ▁magazine ▁Player ▁One ▁e ul og ised ▁the ▁Master ▁System ▁version ' s ▁two - player ▁mode ▁and ▁echo ed ▁Mean ▁Mach ines ▁Seg as ▁opinion ▁by ▁describing ▁the ▁game ▁as ▁" A ▁must ", ▁and ▁in ▁their ▁Game ▁G ear ▁review , ▁a ▁similar ▁compl iment ▁was ▁made , ▁and ▁the ▁game ▁was ▁also ▁described ▁as ▁original ▁and ▁" well ▁done ". ▁The ▁Game ▁G ear ▁and ▁Master ▁System ▁versions ▁were ▁review ed ▁together ▁by ▁a ▁rev iewer ▁from ▁German ▁magazine ▁M ega ▁Fun , ▁who ▁compl iment ed ▁their ▁hum our . ▁The ▁animation ▁of ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁Jo yp ad ▁ ▁as ▁" bre at ht aking ", ▁and ▁that ▁of ▁the ▁Master ▁System ▁version ▁was ▁described ▁as ▁" ex cell ent ", ▁but ▁their ▁spr ites ▁were ▁critic ised : ▁they ▁said ▁the ▁Master ▁System ▁version ▁delet es ▁spr ites ▁when ▁there ▁is ▁an ▁excess ▁of ▁vehicles ▁on ▁screen , ▁and ▁the ▁Game ▁G ear ▁version ' s ▁spr ites ▁suffer ▁slow down s ▁and ▁bl inks . ▁ ▁Crit ics ▁had ▁mixed ▁opinions ▁on ▁the ▁Am iga ▁version ' s ▁graphics ▁and ▁sound : |
▁Am iga ▁J oker ▁and ▁French ▁magazine ▁Am iga ▁Dream ▁review ers ▁liked ▁them , ▁but ▁C U ▁Am iga ▁critic ised ▁the ▁graphics ▁as ▁" po or ly ▁detailed " ▁and ▁the ▁sound ▁as ▁" simple ". ▁Other ▁comments ▁from ▁critics ▁included ▁The ▁One ▁rev iewer ' s ▁la ud ing ▁of ▁the ▁two - player ▁mode , ▁described ▁as ▁" the ▁best ▁two - player ▁racing ▁game ▁we ' ve ▁ever ▁seen ", ▁Stuart ▁Campbell ▁of ▁Am iga ▁Power ▁pra ising ▁of ▁the ▁locations ▁and ▁control , ▁although ▁he ▁critic ised ▁the ▁" limited " ▁single - player ▁mode ▁and ▁lack ▁of ▁par alla x ▁scrolling . ▁Paul ▁Round ell ▁of ▁Am iga ▁Action ▁pra ised ▁the ▁original ity , ▁but ▁critic ised ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁mode , ▁saying ▁it ▁" break s ▁the ▁excitement ", ▁and ▁a ▁rev iewer ▁from ▁Am iga ▁Comput ing ▁believed ▁the ▁tracks ▁were ▁" ent ertain ing " ▁and ▁liked ▁that ▁they ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁" s illy ▁things ". ▁The ▁vehicles ▁racing ▁in ▁the ▁environments ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁Steve ▁Brad ley ▁of ▁Am iga ▁Format ▁as ▁" ab sol utely ▁blo ody ▁brilliant ", ▁and ▁he ▁also ▁pra ised ▁the ▁add ict iveness . ▁ ▁Other ▁versions ▁were ▁also ▁well ▁received . ▁Review ing ▁the ▁N ES ▁version , ▁M ega ▁Fun ▁pra ised ▁the ▁scrolling ▁and ▁controls . ▁Sky ler ▁Miller ▁of ▁All Game ▁believed ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁graphics ▁push ▁the ▁console ' s ▁capabilities , ▁and ▁also ▁liked |
▁the ▁colour ful ▁scen ery . ▁Game Pro ▁rev iewer ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁racing ▁scenario ▁variety ▁and ▁the ▁vehicles ▁being ▁based ▁on ▁Gal o ob ' s ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁to ys ▁made ▁the ▁game ▁original . ▁Mean ▁Mach ines ▁rev iewer ▁liked ▁the ▁presentation ▁and ▁play ability , ▁but ▁described ▁the ▁spr ites ▁as ▁" in cons istent ". ▁In ▁a ▁review ▁of ▁the ▁SN ES ▁version , ▁Game Pro ▁la ud ed ▁the ▁" cart o ony " ▁graphics ▁and ▁" che er ful " ▁sound ▁effects , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁car ▁custom isation ▁to ▁keep ▁the ▁game play ▁" basic ". ▁Com ing ▁So on ▁Magazine ' s ▁rev iewer ▁critic ised ▁the ▁PC ▁version ' s ▁" simple " ▁graphics , ▁but ▁thought ▁highly ▁of ▁its ▁add ict iveness ▁and ▁" well - produ ced " ▁animation . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁Next ▁Generation ▁ranked ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁as ▁number ▁ 1 8 ▁on ▁their ▁" Top ▁ 1 0 0 ▁Games ▁of ▁All ▁Time ", ▁cit ing ▁the ▁" heart - p ounding , ▁ad ren al ine - p ump ing ▁action ", ▁split - second ▁accurate ▁controls , ▁and ▁perfect ▁balance . ▁Micro ▁Mach ines ▁was ▁listed ▁by ▁The ▁Guardian ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 0 ▁best ▁British ▁video ▁games . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁video ▁games ▁Category : N intendo ▁Entertainment ▁System ▁games |
▁Category : S ega ▁Gen esis ▁games ▁Category : Super ▁N intendo ▁Entertainment ▁System ▁games ▁Category : Master ▁System ▁games ▁Category : Am iga ▁games ▁Category : D OS ▁games ▁Category : Game ▁Boy ▁games ▁Category : CD - i ▁games ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁scored ▁by ▁J ake ▁Kauf man ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁scored ▁by ▁Patrick ▁Ph el an ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁developed ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : Code master s ▁games ▁Category : U na ut hor ized ▁video ▁games ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁based ▁on ▁to ys ▁Category : S ega ▁Game ▁G ear ▁games <0x0A> </s> ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank ▁( V DB ) ▁is ▁an ▁international ▁video ▁art ▁distribution ▁organization ▁and ▁resource ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁for ▁videos ▁by ▁and ▁about ▁contemporary ▁artists . ▁Loc ated ▁in ▁Chicago , ▁Illinois , ▁V DB ▁was ▁founded ▁at ▁the ▁School ▁of ▁the ▁Art ▁Institute ▁of ▁Chicago ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁at ▁the ▁in ception ▁of ▁the ▁media ▁arts ▁movement . ▁ ▁V DB ▁provides ▁experimental ▁video ▁art , ▁document aries ▁made ▁by ▁artists , ▁and ▁inter views ▁with ▁visual ▁artists ▁and ▁critics ▁for ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁aud ien ces . ▁These ▁include ▁micro cin emas , ▁moving ▁image ▁festiv als , ▁media ▁arts ▁cent ers , ▁univers ities , ▁libraries , ▁museum s , ▁community - based ▁work sh ops , ▁public ▁television , ▁and ▁cable ▁TV ▁Public - access ▁television ▁cent ers . ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank ▁currently ▁holds ▁over ▁ 6 , 0 0 |
0 ▁titles ▁in ▁distribution , ▁by ▁more ▁than ▁ 6 0 0 ▁artists , ▁available ▁in ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁screen ing ▁and ▁arch ival ▁video ▁formats . ▁It ▁also ▁act ively ▁publish es ▁anth ologies ▁and ▁cur ated ▁programs ▁of ▁video ▁art . ▁ ▁The ▁pres ervation ▁of ▁historic ▁video ▁is ▁an ▁on going ▁project ▁of ▁the ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank . ▁The ▁total ▁hold ings , ▁including ▁works ▁both ▁in ▁and ▁out ▁of ▁distribution , ▁include ▁over ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁titles ▁of ▁original ▁and ▁in ▁some ▁cases , ▁rarely ▁seen , ▁video ▁art ▁and ▁document aries ▁from ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁on . ▁The ▁V DB ▁functions ▁as ▁a ▁Department ▁of ▁the ▁Art ▁Institute ▁of ▁Chicago ▁and ▁is ▁supported ▁in ▁part ▁by ▁awards ▁from ▁the ▁National ▁End ow ment ▁for ▁the ▁Arts ▁and ▁the ▁Illinois ▁Arts ▁Council . ▁ ▁History ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁V DB ▁co - found ers ▁Kate ▁H ors field ▁and ▁Lyn ▁Bl ument hal , ▁gradu ate ▁students ▁at ▁the ▁School ▁of ▁the ▁Art ▁Institute ▁of ▁Chicago , ▁began ▁conduct ing ▁video ▁inter views ▁with ▁women ▁artists ▁who ▁they ▁felt ▁were ▁under re present ed ▁crit ically ▁in ▁the ▁art ▁world . ▁After ▁bu ying ▁a ▁Pan ason ic ▁Port ap ak ▁and ▁successfully ▁conduct ing ▁tal ks ▁with ▁pain ters ▁Joan ▁Mitchell ▁and ▁Ag nes ▁Martin ▁and ▁cur ator ▁Mar cia ▁T ucker , ▁the ▁pair ▁decided ▁to ▁continue ▁the ▁series . ▁" It ▁was |
▁really ▁a ▁kind ▁of ▁accident ,” ▁noted ▁H ors field ▁in ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁interview . ▁“ We ▁were ▁looking ▁for ▁insp iration ▁for ▁ourselves , ▁but ▁we ▁were ▁also ▁looking ▁for ▁information ▁on ▁what ▁was ▁happening . ▁If ▁you ▁read ▁art ▁mag az ines ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁' 7 0 s , ▁it ▁was ▁very ▁rare ▁to ▁see ▁any ▁real ▁coverage ▁of ▁any ▁women ▁artists ." ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁H ors field ▁and ▁Bl ument hal ▁officially ▁founded ▁the ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank , ▁taking ▁over ▁a ▁small ▁collection ▁of ▁student ▁video ▁produ ctions ▁and ▁inter views ▁that ▁was ▁begun ▁by ▁Phil ▁Mort on ▁at ▁the ▁School ▁of ▁the ▁Art ▁Institute ▁of ▁Chicago . ▁They ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁add ▁to ▁the ▁archive , ▁conduct ing ▁tal ks ▁with ▁prominent ▁artists ▁of ▁the ▁period ▁such ▁as ▁Alice ▁Ne el , ▁Lucy ▁Li pp ard , ▁Lee ▁K ras ner , ▁Barbara ▁Kru ger , ▁and ▁the ▁Gu err illa ▁Girls , ▁who ▁appeared ▁we aring ▁their ▁tra dem ark ▁g or illa ▁mask s . ▁ ▁Lyn ▁Bl ument hal ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁and ▁the ▁V DB ▁maintain s ▁the ▁Lyn ▁Bl ument hal ▁Memorial ▁Sch olar ship . ▁H ors field ▁remained ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁collection ▁until ▁her ▁ret irement ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁when ▁she ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁Ab ina ▁Mann ing . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁the ▁National ▁Alliance ▁for ▁Media ▁Arts ▁and ▁Culture ▁( |
NA MA C ) ▁presented ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank ▁with ▁its ▁Out standing ▁Media ▁Arts ▁Organ ization ▁Award . ▁ ▁Collection ▁▁ ▁The ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank ▁collection ▁includes ▁video ▁produced ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁to ▁the ▁present . ▁The ▁early ▁video ▁art ▁represented ▁includes ▁many ▁titles ▁from ▁the ▁Cast elli - S onn ab end ▁collection , ▁the ▁first ▁and ▁most ▁prominent ▁collection ▁of ▁video ▁art ▁assemble d ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁produced ▁between ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 0 . ▁These ▁works ▁represent ▁examples ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁experiments ▁in ▁video ▁art ▁and ▁include ▁concept ual ▁and ▁femin ist ▁performances ▁recorded ▁on ▁video , ▁experiments ▁with ▁the ▁video ▁signal , ▁and ▁' guer illa ' ▁document aries ▁representing ▁a ▁counter - c ult ural ▁view ▁of ▁the ▁historical ▁events ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s . ▁Art ists ▁included ▁are ▁V ito ▁Ac con ci , ▁Ly nd a ▁B engl is , ▁D ara ▁Bir n baum , ▁Joan ▁Jon as , ▁Bruce ▁Na uman ▁and ▁William ▁Weg man . ▁Ex perimental ▁works ▁by ▁Den ise ▁Kap rel li an - B orno ff , ▁M FA , ▁in ▁collaboration ▁with ▁Phil ▁Mort on ▁and ▁with ▁Jack ▁Bor no ff , ▁M FA , ▁were ▁among ▁the ▁earliest ▁titles ▁in ▁the ▁collection . ▁ ▁The ▁collection ▁includes ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁contemporary ▁artists ▁who ▁largely ▁address ▁post - mod ern ▁them es ▁such ▁as ▁femin ism , ▁A ID S , ▁gender ▁studies , |
▁gu err illa ▁television , ▁technology , ▁and ▁identity , ▁among ▁them ▁Sad ie ▁Ben ning , ▁J em ▁C ohen , ▁Har un ▁Far ock i , ▁Wal id ▁Ra ad , ▁Paul ▁Chan , ▁Gu ill ermo ▁Gó mez - Pe ña , ▁Mir anda ▁July , ▁and ▁George ▁K uchar . ▁ ▁The ▁On ▁Art ▁and ▁Art ists ▁collection ▁includes ▁inter views ▁with ▁visual ▁artists , ▁photograph ers ▁and ▁critics . ▁The ▁inter views ▁focus ▁on ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁artists ' ▁body ▁of ▁work . ▁ ▁In ▁addition , ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank ▁represents ▁two ▁important ▁video ▁arch ives : ▁the ▁K uchar ▁Archive , ▁en comp ass ing ▁the ▁extensive ▁video ▁output ▁of ▁tw in ▁brothers ▁George ▁and ▁Mike ▁K uchar , ▁and ▁the ▁V ide of re ex ▁Archive , ▁which ▁chron icles ▁the ▁counter - c ult ural ▁movement ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁as ▁documented ▁by ▁the ▁ 1 0 - person ▁collect ive . ▁ ▁Sur ve ying ▁the ▁First ▁Dec ade ▁ ▁Sur ve ying ▁the ▁First ▁Dec ade : ▁Video ▁Art ▁and ▁Altern ative ▁Media ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 7 - hour ▁compilation ▁of ▁experimental ▁and ▁independent ▁video ▁created ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 8 - 1 9 8 0 , ▁the ▁first ▁de cade ▁of ▁video ▁art ▁production ▁produced ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁The ▁anth ology ▁includes ▁ 6 8 ▁titles ▁by ▁more |
▁than ▁ 6 0 ▁artists , ▁and ▁is ▁cur ated ▁into ▁eight ▁programs ▁r anging ▁from ▁concept ual , ▁performance - based , ▁femin ist , ▁and ▁image - process ed ▁works , ▁to ▁document ary ▁and ▁grass ro ots ▁activ ism . ▁ ▁Chris ▁Hill , ▁former ▁video ▁cur ator ▁at ▁Hall w alls ▁Contempor ary ▁Arts ▁Center ▁in ▁Buff alo , ▁New ▁York , ▁cur ated ▁the ▁project . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Hal ter , ▁Ed ▁( 2 0 0 7 ). ▁" Before ▁YouTube ," ▁Village ▁Vo ice , ▁ ▁Tamb lyn , ▁Christ ine ▁( 1 9 9 1 ). ▁" Image ▁Process ing ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Video ▁Art ," ▁Leon ardo , ▁Vol . ▁ 2 4 , ▁No . ▁ 3 , ▁pp . 3 0 3 – 3 1 0 ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁H ors field , ▁Kate . ▁" T ow ards ▁a ▁History ▁of ▁Chicago ▁Video ." ▁In ▁Art ▁in ▁Chicago ▁ 1 9 4 5 - 1 9 9 5 , ▁ 1 2 8 . ▁Chicago : ▁Museum ▁of ▁Contempor ary ▁Art , ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank ▁Fe ed back : ▁The ▁Video ▁Data ▁Bank , ▁Video ▁Art , ▁and ▁Art ist ▁Inter views — Re pr ised , ▁( Fil m ▁Ex hib ition ▁May ▁ 1 7 – 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 ) ▁ ▁Category : Ar ts ▁organizations ▁based ▁in ▁Illinois ▁Category : Non - pro |
fit ▁organizations ▁based ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Category : Art ▁Institute ▁of ▁Chicago ▁Category : Ar ts ▁organizations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁Category : 1 9 7 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Illinois <0x0A> </s> ▁Henry ▁Kings ley ▁Arch d all ▁( 2 ▁March ▁ 1 8 8 6 ▁– ▁ 2 7 ▁February ▁ 1 9 7 6 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Australian ▁academic ▁and ▁cl erg yman . ▁After ▁teaching ▁at ▁Cambridge ▁University , ▁in ▁Australia ▁and ▁in ▁New ▁Zealand , ▁he ▁became ▁Princi pal ▁of ▁St ▁David ' s ▁College , ▁L amp eter ▁and ▁Chan cell or ▁of ▁St ▁David ' s ▁C athedral , ▁then ▁head master ▁of ▁King ' s ▁College , ▁A uck land . ▁ ▁Life ▁and ▁church ▁Arch d all ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Bal main , ▁Sydney , ▁New ▁South ▁Wales , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁an ▁Ang lic an ▁cl erg yman . ▁After ▁studying ▁at ▁Sydney ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁and ▁Sydney ▁University , ▁where ▁he ▁obtained ▁a ▁first - class ▁degree ▁in ▁philosophy ▁and ▁class ics , ▁he ▁studied ▁at ▁Tr inity ▁College , ▁Cambridge ▁for ▁a ▁degree ▁in ▁Christian ▁Eth ics . ▁ ▁He ▁then ▁became ▁a ▁Fellow ▁and ▁L ect urer ▁at ▁Cor pus ▁Christ i ▁College , ▁Cambridge ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁becoming ▁Dean ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 4 . ▁Having ▁been ▁ord ained ▁as ▁an ▁Ang lic an ▁priest , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Australia ▁as ▁re ctor ▁of ▁Christ ch urch , ▁New castle ▁and ▁Dean |
▁of ▁the ▁dioc ese . ▁After ▁serving ▁as ▁head master ▁and ▁chap lain ▁of ▁The ▁Ar mid ale ▁School , ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 6 , ▁he ▁was ▁then ▁head master ▁and ▁chap lain ▁of ▁King ' s ▁College , ▁A uck land ▁from ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 3 5 . ▁Arch d all ▁then ▁returned ▁to ▁Britain ▁as ▁chap lain ▁and ▁director ▁of ▁religious ▁studies ▁at ▁Well ington ▁College , ▁Ber k shire ▁before ▁succeed ing ▁Maurice ▁Jones ▁as ▁Princi pal ▁of ▁St ▁David ' s ▁College ▁( as ▁L amp eter ▁University ▁was ▁then ▁called ). ▁He ▁strength ened ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁the ▁college ▁as ▁a ▁centre ▁for ▁training ▁cler gy , ▁emphas ising ▁in ▁particular ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁a ▁good ▁general ▁university ▁education . ▁In ▁his ▁capacity ▁as ▁Princi pal ▁of ▁St ▁David ' s , ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Jesus ▁College , ▁Oxford ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁He ▁became ▁Chan cell or ▁of ▁St ▁David ' s ▁C athedral ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁and ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁an ▁emer it us ▁Can on ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁Vis iting ▁Fellow ▁at ▁Y ale ▁University ▁( 1 9 5 4 – 5 5 ), ▁Vis iting ▁Professor ▁at ▁Ber keley ▁Div inity ▁School ▁( 1 9 5 4 – 5 7 ) ▁and ▁Epis cop al ▁Chap lain ▁at ▁Heidel berg ▁( |
1 9 5 7 – 5 9 ). ▁ ▁He ▁married ▁Laura ▁Mad den ▁and ▁they ▁had ▁three ▁sons ▁( two ▁of ▁whom ▁were ▁killed ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War ) ▁and ▁one ▁daughter . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 7 6 ▁death s ▁Category : Austral ian ▁academ ics ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁Sydney ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Sydney ▁al umn i ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁Tr inity ▁College , ▁Cambridge ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁Cor pus ▁Christ i ▁College , ▁Cambridge ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁Jesus ▁College , ▁Oxford ▁Category : Pe ople ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Wales , ▁L amp eter ▁Category : Austral ian ▁Ang lic an ▁pri ests ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Ang lic an ▁pri ests ▁Category : Austral ian ▁school te ach ers ▁Category : Pr inci p als ▁of ▁St ▁David ' s ▁College <0x0A> </s> ▁St ▁John ' s ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁is ▁an ▁independent ▁Ang lic an ▁co - ed uc ational ▁early ▁learning , ▁primary , ▁and ▁secondary ▁day ▁school ▁located ▁in ▁Bel air ▁in ▁the ▁Ad ela ide ▁Hills , ▁about ▁ ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁Ad ela ide ▁city ▁centre . ▁It ▁cat ers ▁for ▁students ▁from ▁early ▁learning ▁through ▁to ▁Year ▁ 1 2 . ▁ ▁Over view ▁St ▁John ' s ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 . |
▁It ▁oper ates ▁from ▁three ▁camp uses ; ▁the ▁Junior ▁School ▁is ▁adjacent ▁to ▁Bel air ▁National ▁Park ▁and ▁the ▁Bel air ▁railway ▁station , ▁the ▁Early ▁Learning ▁Centre ▁is ▁opposite ▁the ▁Junior ▁School , ▁and ▁the ▁Second ary ▁School , ▁setup ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁occup ies ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁former ▁Ret re at ▁House ▁and ▁St ▁Bar nab as ▁The ological ▁College . ▁The ▁school ▁offers ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁subjects ▁to ▁its ▁students , ▁who ▁begin ▁elect ing ▁their ▁courses ▁from ▁Year ▁ 8 . ▁St ▁John ' s ▁has ▁tradition ally ▁had ▁a ▁strong ▁emphas is ▁on ▁music , ▁winning ▁numerous ▁awards ▁in ▁this ▁area . ▁( See ▁South ▁Australian ▁Ch oral ▁E isted df od ▁for ▁details ). ▁The ▁school ▁offers ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁co - curr icular ▁activities , ▁including ▁various ▁sports ▁like ▁s occer ▁vol ley ▁ball ▁net ball ▁and ▁sail ing ▁, ▁music , ▁deb ating , ▁future ▁problem ▁solving , ▁Ped al ▁Prix , ▁Duke ▁of ▁Edinburgh , ▁and ▁school ▁produ ctions . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁the ▁school ▁entered ▁into ▁a ▁partners hip ▁with ▁E FM ▁Health ▁Club s ▁to ▁provide ▁an ▁on - site ▁health ▁and ▁fit ness ▁studio ▁for ▁curr icul um ▁use . ▁ ▁House ▁system ▁St ▁John ' s ▁Gram mar ▁has ▁a ▁rich ▁house ▁life . ▁Stud ents ▁from ▁each ▁house ▁comp ete ▁with ▁each ▁other ▁every ▁Friday ▁in ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁sports ▁and ▁co - curr icular ▁activities . ▁Point s |
▁from ▁the ▁house ▁activities ▁go ▁towards ▁the ▁House ▁Sh ield . ▁There ▁are ▁four ▁houses ▁named ▁after ▁pione ers ▁of ▁the ▁Bel air ▁area . ▁The ▁school ▁has ▁a ▁past oral ▁care ▁system ▁through ▁which ▁students ▁are ▁placed ▁into ▁one ▁of ▁these ▁houses ▁and ▁encourag ed ▁to ▁particip ate ▁in ▁house ▁life . ▁The ▁houses ▁are : ▁Go och ▁( red ) ▁Hal st ead ▁( green ) ▁M off att ▁( yellow ) ▁Prince ▁( blue ) ▁ ▁Camp us ▁There ▁are ▁three ▁camp uses : ▁Early ▁Learning ▁Camp us ▁( 3 - 4 ▁year ▁old s ) ▁Junior ▁Camp us ▁( Re ception ▁- ▁Year ▁ 6 ) ▁Second ary ▁Camp us ▁( Year s ▁ 7 - 1 2 ) ▁ ▁Ext rac urr icular ▁activities ▁ ▁Music ▁and ▁arts ▁The ▁secondary ▁school ▁stages ▁a ▁musical ▁in ▁the ▁even ▁years , ▁with ▁a ▁cab aret ▁in ▁the ▁odd ▁years . ▁ ▁The ▁drama ▁produ ctions ▁have ▁included ▁ad a ptions ▁of ▁well - known ▁stories ▁such ▁as ▁Little ▁Sh op ▁of ▁Hor ror s , ▁Peter ▁Pan ▁and ▁Charlie ▁and ▁the ▁Ch oc olate ▁Factory . ▁ ▁Notable ▁al umn i ▁K ass andra ▁Clement i ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) act ress ▁ ▁T iff any ▁C rom well ▁( 2 0 0 5 ) Austral ian ▁cycl ist ▁An net te ▁Ed mond son ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) Austral ian ▁Olympic ▁cycl ist ▁and ▁Olympic ▁Bron ze ▁Med all ist ▁in ▁Women ' s ▁Om |
ni um ▁Alexander ▁Ed mond son Austral ian ▁Olympic ▁cycl ist ▁Ben ▁Nicholas actor ▁from ▁Australian ▁soap ▁opera , ▁Ne igh b ours ▁Sarah ▁S no ok act ress ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁Ang lic an ▁schools ▁in ▁Australia ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁St ▁John ' s ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 8 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Australia ▁Category : E du c ational ▁institutions ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁Category : Ang lic an ▁primary ▁schools ▁in ▁Ad ela ide ▁Category : J un ior ▁School ▁He ads ▁Association ▁of ▁Australia ▁Member ▁School s ▁Category : Ang lic an ▁secondary ▁schools ▁in ▁Ad ela ide ▁Category : Ad ela ide ▁Hills <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁tax onomy , ▁Mar ib ius ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁the ▁Rh od ob acter aceae . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Scient ific ▁books ▁ ▁Scient ific ▁databases ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : R hod ob acter aceae ▁Category : B acter ia ▁gener a <0x0A> </s> ▁Kult ▁c iała ▁( The ▁Cult ▁of ▁the ▁Body ) ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁Polish ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Mich ał ▁Was zy ński . ▁It ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁a ▁novel ▁by ▁Mie cz ys ław ▁S ro kow ski ▁and ▁stars ▁Victor ▁Var con i . ▁ ▁Cast ▁Victor ▁Var con i ▁... ▁ ▁C zes ław ▁( as ▁Mich ał ▁Victor ▁Var con yi ) ▁ ▁Ag nes ▁Peters en - M oz ż uch |
in owa ▁... ▁ ▁H anka ▁Z ł ot opol ska ▁ ▁F ry der yk ▁Del ius ▁... ▁ ▁Baron ▁Stanisław ▁St um berg ▁ ▁K ry st yna ▁An kw icz ▁... ▁ ▁L ina ▁ ▁Eugen ius z ▁B odo ▁... ▁ ▁Francis zek ▁ ▁Pa we ł ▁O wer ł ło ▁... ▁ ▁Z ah or ski ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Kult u ▁c iała ▁at ▁the ▁Internet ▁Polish ▁Movie ▁Database ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 0 ▁films ▁Category : Pol ish ▁films ▁Category : Pol ish - language ▁films ▁Category : Pol ish ▁black - and - white ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Mich ał ▁Was zy ński ▁Category : 1 9 3 0 s ▁rom antic ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Pol ish ▁rom ance ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 3 0 s ▁rom ance ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁process ▁improvement ▁efforts , ▁defect s ▁per ▁million ▁opportun ities ▁or ▁D P MO ▁( or ▁non con form ities ▁per ▁million ▁opportun ities ▁( NP MO )) ▁is ▁a ▁measure ▁of ▁process ▁performance . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁defined ▁as ▁ ▁A ▁defect ▁can ▁be ▁defined ▁as ▁a ▁non con formance ▁of ▁a ▁quality ▁characteristic ▁( e . g . ▁strength , ▁width , ▁response ▁time ) ▁to ▁its ▁specification . ▁ ▁D P MO ▁is ▁stated ▁in ▁opportun ities ▁per ▁million ▁units ▁for ▁convenience : ▁ ▁Process es ▁that ▁are ▁considered ▁highly ▁capable ▁( e . g ., ▁processes ▁of ▁Six ▁S igma ▁quality ) |
▁are ▁those ▁that ▁experience ▁only ▁a ▁hand ful ▁ ▁of ▁defect s ▁per ▁million ▁units ▁produced ▁( or ▁services ▁provided ). ▁ ▁Note ▁that ▁D P MO ▁diff ers ▁from ▁reporting ▁defect ive ▁parts ▁per ▁million ▁( P PM ) ▁in ▁that ▁it ▁compreh ends ▁the ▁possibility ▁that ▁a ▁unit ▁under ▁ins pection ▁may ▁be ▁found ▁to ▁have ▁multiple ▁defect s ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁type ▁or ▁may ▁have ▁multiple ▁types ▁of ▁defect s . ▁ ▁Ident ifying ▁specific ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁defect s ▁( and ▁therefore ▁how ▁to ▁count ▁and ▁categor ize ▁defect s ) ▁is ▁an ▁art , ▁but ▁generally ▁organizations ▁consider ▁the ▁following ▁when ▁defining ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁opportun ities ▁per ▁unit : ▁Know ledge ▁of ▁the ▁process ▁under ▁study ▁Indust ry ▁standards ▁When ▁studying ▁multiple ▁types ▁of ▁defect s , ▁knowledge ▁of ▁the ▁relative ▁importance ▁of ▁each ▁defect ▁type ▁in ▁determ ining ▁customer ▁satisfaction ▁The ▁time , ▁effort , ▁and ▁cost ▁to ▁count ▁and ▁categor ize ▁defect s ▁in ▁process ▁output ▁ ▁Other ▁measures ▁▁ ▁Other ▁measures ▁of ▁process ▁performance ▁include : ▁Process ▁cap ability ▁indices ▁such ▁as ▁C pk ▁ ▁Natural ▁toler ance ▁limit ▁or ▁s igma ▁level ▁P PM ▁defect ive ▁or ▁defect ive ▁parts ▁per ▁million ▁Process ▁performance ▁indices ▁such ▁as ▁P pk ▁Qu ality ▁costs ▁or ▁cost ▁of ▁poor ▁quality ▁( CO P Q ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁H ahn , ▁G . ▁J ., ▁Hill , ▁W . ▁J ., ▁Ho er l , ▁R . ▁W . ▁and ▁Z ink g |
raf , ▁S . ▁A . ▁( 1 9 9 9 ) ▁The ▁Imp act ▁of ▁Six ▁S igma ▁Im prov ement - A ▁G limp se ▁into ▁the ▁Future ▁of ▁Statistics , ▁The ▁American ▁Stat istic ian , ▁Vol . ▁ 5 3 , ▁No . ▁ 3 , ▁pp . 2 0 8 – 2 1 5 . ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Stat ist ical ▁process ▁control ▁Category : S ix ▁S igma <0x0A> </s> ▁Zach ▁Wood ▁( born ▁January ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 9 3 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁football ▁long ▁sn apper ▁for ▁the ▁New ▁Orleans ▁Sain ts ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁( N FL ). ▁He ▁played ▁college ▁football ▁at ▁SM U . ▁He ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Dallas ▁Cow bo ys . ▁ ▁Early ▁years ▁Wood ▁attended ▁Row lett ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁Row lett , ▁Texas , ▁where ▁he ▁played ▁def ensive ▁tack le . ▁As ▁a ▁junior , ▁he ▁recorded ▁ 9 9 ▁tack les , ▁ 3 2 ▁tack les ▁for ▁loss ▁and ▁ 8 ▁s acks . ▁He ▁posted ▁ 1 1 5 ▁tack les ▁and ▁ 1 0 ▁s acks ▁his ▁senior ▁season , ▁ear ning ▁honor able - ment ion ▁Class ▁ 4 A ▁All - State ▁as ▁a ▁def ensive ▁lin eman . ▁ ▁College ▁career ▁Wood ▁accepted ▁a ▁football ▁scholar ship ▁from ▁Southern ▁Method ist ▁University . ▁He ▁was ▁red sh irt ed ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁He ▁played ▁in |
▁nine ▁games ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁t ally ing ▁five ▁solo ▁tack les , ▁four ▁tack le ▁ass ists ▁and ▁half ▁a ▁s ack . ▁▁ ▁He ▁played ▁in ▁ 1 2 ▁games , ▁all ▁starts ▁as ▁a ▁ 3 - 4 ▁def ensive ▁end , ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁making ▁ 2 5 ▁solo ▁tack les , ▁ 2 4 ▁tack le ▁ass ists , ▁one ▁s ack , ▁one ▁pass ▁break up , ▁two ▁forced ▁f umb les , ▁one ▁f umble ▁recovery ▁and ▁one ▁blocked ▁kick . ▁▁ ▁Wood ▁appeared ▁in ▁ 1 2 ▁games , ▁all ▁starts ▁as ▁a ▁ 3 - 4 ▁def ensive ▁end , ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁register ing ▁ 1 8 ▁solo ▁tack les , ▁ 2 2 ▁tack le ▁ass ists , ▁ 4 ▁s acks ▁and ▁ 1 ▁f umble ▁recovery . ▁▁ ▁He ▁played ▁in ▁ 1 0 ▁games ▁with ▁ 9 ▁starts ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁team ▁captain . ▁He ▁recorded ▁ 2 9 ▁solo ▁tack les , ▁ 1 0 ▁tack le ▁ass ists , ▁ 3 . 5 ▁s acks , ▁ 2 ▁pass ▁break ups ▁and ▁ 3 ▁blocked ▁k icks . ▁Wood ▁also ▁spent ▁time ▁at ▁long ▁sn apper ▁in ▁college . ▁He ▁finished ▁his ▁college ▁career ▁with ▁ 3 3 - of - 4 3 ▁starts , ▁ 1 3 7 ▁tack les , ▁ 2 2 ▁tack les ▁for ▁loss |
, ▁ 9 ▁s acks , ▁ 2 ▁forced ▁f umb les ▁and ▁ 3 ▁blocked ▁k icks . ▁ ▁Professional ▁career ▁Wood ▁was ▁r ated ▁the ▁ 8 5 th ▁best ▁def ensive ▁end ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁NFL ▁D raft ▁by ▁N F LD raft Sc out . com . ▁ ▁Dallas ▁Cow bo ys ▁Wood ▁was ▁signed ▁as ▁an ▁und raft ed ▁free ▁agent ▁by ▁the ▁Dallas ▁Cow bo ys ▁after ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁NFL ▁D raft , ▁following ▁a ▁ro ok ie ▁min ic amp ▁try out ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 4 . ▁During ▁his ▁first ▁training ▁camp ▁with ▁the ▁team , ▁he ▁also ▁played ▁on ▁the ▁def ensive ▁line , ▁even ▁taking ▁the ▁sn aps ▁with ▁the ▁first ▁defense ▁in ▁practices . ▁He ▁was ▁wa ived ▁on ▁September ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁▁ ▁He ▁signed ▁a ▁reserve / f uture ▁contract ▁with ▁the ▁Cow bo ys ▁on ▁January ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁In ▁his ▁second ▁training ▁camp ▁with ▁the ▁Cow bo ys , ▁he ▁concentr ated ▁on ▁being ▁a ▁long ▁sn apper ▁and ▁taking ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁practice ▁load ▁from ▁stal wart ▁L . ▁P . ▁Lad ou ce ur . ▁He ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁ ▁New ▁Orleans ▁Sain ts ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁the ▁New ▁Orleans ▁Sain ts ▁couldn ' t ▁find ▁a ▁potential ▁candidate ▁for ▁the |
▁long ▁sn apper ▁job ▁during ▁training ▁camp . ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 8 , ▁the ▁Sain ts ▁obtained ▁Jon ▁D oren bos ▁from ▁the ▁Philadelphia ▁E ag les ▁in ▁exchange ▁for ▁a ▁sevent h - round ▁draft ▁pick ▁( not ▁exerc ised ). ▁On ▁September ▁ 7 , ▁it ▁was ▁revealed ▁that ▁D oren bos ▁was ▁diagn osed ▁with ▁an ▁a ort ic ▁an eur ys m , ▁which ▁required ▁immediate ▁heart ▁surg ery . ▁He ▁was ▁placed ▁on ▁the ▁non - football ▁ill ness ▁list ▁the ▁same ▁day , ▁and ▁released ▁with ▁an ▁injury ▁settlement ▁on ▁September ▁ 9 , ▁before ▁announ cing ▁his ▁ret irement . ▁On ▁September ▁ 9 , ▁Wood ▁was ▁signed ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁Orleans ▁Sain ts , ▁after ▁a ▁last ▁minute ▁try out ▁that ▁included ▁four ▁other ▁players . ▁He ▁successfully ▁became ▁the ▁team ' s ▁long ▁sn apper ▁for ▁all ▁pun ts ▁and ▁place k icks ▁during ▁the ▁season . ▁▁ ▁On ▁February ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁he ▁was ▁re - signed ▁to ▁a ▁one - year ▁contract . ▁On ▁February ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁he ▁was ▁re - signed ▁to ▁a ▁one - year ▁contract . ▁On ▁March ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁Wood ▁signed ▁a ▁four - year ▁contract ▁with ▁the ▁Sain ts . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁SM U ▁Must angs ▁bio ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving |
▁people ▁Category : American ▁football ▁def ensive ▁ends ▁Category : American ▁football ▁long ▁sn app ers ▁Category : D allas ▁Cow bo ys ▁players ▁Category : New ▁Orleans ▁Sain ts ▁players ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Row lett , ▁Texas ▁Category : Play ers ▁of ▁American ▁football ▁from ▁Texas ▁Category : SM U ▁Must angs ▁football ▁players ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁the ▁Dallas – F ort ▁W orth ▁met ro plex <0x0A> </s> ▁Sch aff ▁is ▁a ▁surname . ▁Notable ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁surname ▁include : ▁ ▁Adam ▁Sch aff , ▁Polish ▁Marx ist ▁phil os opher ▁David ▁Sch ley ▁Sch aff ▁( 1 8 5 2 – 1 9 4 1 ), ▁American ▁Pres by ter ian ▁cl erg yman ▁and ▁American ▁football ▁pione er ▁Morris ▁Sch aff ▁( 1 8 4 0 – 1 9 2 9 ), ▁American ▁Union ▁Army ▁officer ▁and ▁writer ▁Philip ▁Sch aff ▁( 1 8 1 9 – 1 8 9 3 ), ▁church ▁historian ▁William ▁Sch aff , ▁artist ▁and ▁music ian ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Sch aff – Her z og ▁Encyclopedia ▁of ▁Relig ious ▁Know ledge <0x0A> </s> ▁Re z oph onic ▁is ▁a ▁musical ▁project ▁organized ▁by ▁Mario ▁R iso , ▁who ▁is ▁also ▁co - found er ▁of ▁Rock ▁TV ▁in ▁Italy . ▁The ▁money ▁gained ▁will ▁be ▁de vol ved ▁to ▁the ▁African ▁Medical ▁and ▁Research ▁Foundation ▁( AM REF ). ▁ ▁M embers ▁ ▁Vo ices ▁Ol ly ▁( The ▁Fire - Sh andon ) ▁Crist ina ▁Sc |
abb ia ▁( L ac una ▁Co il ) ▁Vitt oria ▁Hy de ▁P au ▁( N eg rita ) ▁Giul iano ▁Sang i org i ▁( N eg ram aro ) ▁Mon o ▁( FF D ) ▁Diego ▁Man c ino ▁DJ ▁Ring o ▁( V ir gin ▁Radio ) ▁Gian lu ca ▁Per otti ▁( Ext re ma ) ▁Em o ▁and ▁N itto ▁( Line a ▁ 7 7 ) ▁M ana ▁( Folder ) ▁L ' A ura ▁L ella ▁( S ette v ite ) ▁Mad ask i ▁M icky ▁( No ▁Rel ax ) ▁Francesco ▁S arc ina ▁( Le ▁V ib raz ioni ) ▁David ▁Mor etti ▁( K arma ) ▁P ino ▁Sc otto ▁( Fire ▁Tra ils ) ▁Max ▁Z an otti ▁( De ason ika ) ▁Marco ▁C oc ci ▁( M alf unk ) ▁Mor ena ▁( Mac b eth ) ▁Eva ▁Pol es ▁( Pro z ac +) ▁Andrea ▁Fer ro ▁( L ac una ▁Co il / R os k os / V ir gin ▁Radio / And ead ) ▁ ▁Bass ▁Gu itar ists ▁William ▁Nic astro ▁Jan ▁Gal li ani ▁( S ette v ite ) ▁Patrick ▁Dj ivas ▁( P . F . M .) ▁Marco ▁Cast ell ani ▁( Le ▁V ib raz ioni / Oct opus ) ▁Sem ▁( Gu ilty ▁Method ) ▁Sat urn ino ▁( J ovan otti ) ▁Ro berta ▁Sam m arel li ▁( Ver den a ) ▁Sil v io |
▁Franco ▁Ivan ▁" L iva " ▁L od ini ▁( M ov ida ) ▁Pale tta ▁( P unk reas ) ▁Giuseppe ▁F ior i ▁ ▁Gu itar ists ▁Fab io ▁Mitt ino ▁Tommy ▁Mass ara ▁( Ext re ma ) ▁Marco ▁Tr ent ac ost e ▁( De ason ika ) ▁O mar ▁Ped r ini ▁M aus ▁( L ac una ▁Co il ) ▁Pier ▁Gon ella ▁Ces are ▁Pet ric ich ▁( N eg rita ) ▁Stef ano ▁Brand ori ▁Max ▁Brig ante ▁M iche le ▁Alb è ▁( P iks ) ▁Fa usto ▁C ogli ati ▁Stef ▁Burn s ▁Nik ki ▁J ox emi ▁( S ka - P ) ▁J . L . ▁Batt ag l ioni ▁( M ov ida ) ▁Giovanni ▁Fr igo ▁( M ov ida ) ▁Liv io ▁Magn ini ▁( B lu vert igo ) ▁No y se ▁( P unk reas ) ▁ ▁O thers ▁Roy ▁Pa ci ▁Andy ▁( B lu vert igo ) ▁Tul lio ▁De ▁P is cop o ▁( B atter ia / Per cuss ioni ) ▁Mario ▁R iso ▁Roberto ▁Bro ggi ▁( Gu ilty ▁Method ) ▁Andy ▁T rix ▁T rip odi ▁Dav ide ▁Tom at ▁Morgan ▁( B lu vert igo ) ▁ ▁De ej ays ▁DJ ▁J ad ▁( Art ic olo ▁ 3 1 ) ▁DJ ▁Al ad yn ▁( M enn scr atch ) ▁ ▁Track ▁list ▁Can ▁You ▁H ear ▁Me ? ▁ 3 : 1 6 ▁R iso ' s |
▁Beat ▁ 2 : 5 8 ▁L ' U omo ▁Di ▁Pl ast ica ▁[ Int ro ] ▁ 2 : 0 5 ▁L ' U omo ▁Di ▁Pl ast ica ▁ 3 : 5 8 ▁ ▁I ▁M iei ▁P ens ieri ▁ 4 : 1 7 ▁I ' M ▁J unk ▁ 2 : 3 0 ▁Ali en ▁ 3 : 3 6 ▁Qual c uno ▁Da ▁String ere ▁ 3 : 5 4 ▁Non ▁Ho ▁Pi ù ▁N iente ▁Da ▁Dire ▁ 3 : 4 5 ▁Sp as imo ▁ 4 : 4 5 ▁Bl ank ▁In ▁Blue ▁ 4 : 2 5 ▁Sp aces ▁And ▁S leep ing ▁Stone ▁ 4 : 3 9 ▁P uro ▁Inc anto ▁ 4 : 4 9 ▁ ▁Can ▁You ▁H ear ▁Me ? ▁( Rem ix ) ▁ 5 : 1 9 ▁Il ▁R iso ▁Di ▁Tul lio ▁ 2 : 4 5 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁website ▁ ▁Category : Ital ian ▁musical ▁groups <0x0A> </s> ▁Felix ▁Pro h aska ▁( 1 6 ▁May ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁– ▁ 2 9 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 7 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Aust rian ▁conduct or . ▁ ▁He ▁spent ▁many ▁years ▁conduct ing ▁at ▁the ▁Vienna ▁State ▁Opera ▁and ▁the ▁Oper ▁Frankfurt , ▁and ▁is ▁noted ▁for ▁his ▁record ings ▁for ▁the ▁V angu ard ▁Class ics ▁label ▁of ▁the ▁music ▁of ▁Johann ▁Sebastian ▁Bach , ▁Wolfgang ▁Ama de us ▁Moz art , ▁Franz ▁Sch ub ert , ▁and ▁Gustav |
▁Mah ler . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Musik ho ch schule ▁Hannover ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 – 1 9 6 9 , ▁professor ▁till ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁ ▁S ources ▁Felix ▁Pro h aska ▁bi ography ▁at ▁b ach - c ant at as . com ▁ ▁Category : A ust rian ▁conduct ors ▁( music ) ▁Category : M ale ▁conduct ors ▁( music ) ▁Category : 1 9 1 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 8 7 ▁death s ▁Category : H och schule ▁für ▁Musik , ▁Theater ▁und ▁Medien ▁Hannover ▁fac ulty ▁Category : Mus icians ▁from ▁Vienna ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁conduct ors ▁( music ) <0x0A> </s> ▁B ord ▁Kh un ▁(); ▁also ▁Roman ized ▁as ▁B ord ▁Kh ū n ; ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁B ord ▁Kh ū n - e ▁Now ▁and ▁Bar de h ▁Kh ā n - i - N au ▁( ب ر د خ و ن ▁ ن و ), ▁meaning ▁(" New ▁B ord ▁Kh un ") ▁is ▁a ▁city ▁in ▁and ▁capital ▁of ▁B ord ▁Kh un ▁District , ▁in ▁De yr ▁County , ▁Bus he hr ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 5 , 3 3 3 , ▁in ▁ 1 , 4 6 6 ▁families . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁De yr ▁County ▁ ▁Category : C ities ▁in ▁Bus |
he hr ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁Sub ep ith el ial ▁m uc in ous ▁cor ne al ▁d yst ro phy ▁( SM CD ) ▁is ▁a ▁rare ▁form ▁of ▁cor ne al ▁d yst ro phy . ▁It ▁was ▁first ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁by ▁Feder ▁et ▁al . ▁An terior ▁to ▁Bow man ▁layer , ▁depos its ▁of ▁g ly cos amin og ly can ▁were ▁detected ▁and ▁identified ▁as ▁ch ond roit in - 4 - s ulf ate ▁and ▁der mat an ▁sul f ate . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : Dis orders ▁of ▁s cl era ▁and ▁cor nea <0x0A> </s> ▁Har vey ▁M . ▁F la umen haft ▁( born ▁ ▁October ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 3 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁scholar , ▁sp or adic ▁media ▁comment ator , ▁a ▁T utor ▁at ▁and ▁a ▁former ▁Dean ▁of ▁St . ▁John ' s ▁College . ▁Rece iving ▁a ▁Bach elor ▁of ▁Arts ▁degree ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Chicago ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁F la umen haft ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁achieve ▁a ▁Master ▁of ▁Arts ▁degree ▁( 1 9 6 2 ) ▁and ▁the ▁Ph . D . ▁in ▁political ▁science ▁( 1 9 8 0 ) ▁also ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Chicago . ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁both ▁a ▁Wood row ▁Wilson ▁and ▁a ▁NASA ▁Fellow . ▁He ▁has ▁held ▁positions ▁as ▁a ▁lect urer ▁at ▁Ro ose vel t ▁University ▁and ▁the ▁University ▁of |
▁Chicago , ▁and ▁as ▁an ▁instruct or ▁in ▁government ▁at ▁Whe aton ▁College . ▁He ▁has ▁held ▁his ▁current ▁position ▁at ▁St . ▁John ' s ▁College ▁since ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁F la umen haft ▁has ▁also ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁visit ing ▁professor ▁in ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Edu c ational ▁Studies ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Del aware . ▁ ▁F la umen haft ▁is ▁a ▁respect ed ▁scholar ▁of ▁the ▁states man ▁Alexander ▁Hamilton ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁relationship ▁of ▁the ▁sciences ▁and ▁the ▁human ities . ▁His ▁book , ▁The ▁Effect ive ▁Republic : ▁Administration ▁and ▁Constitution ▁in ▁the ▁Th ought ▁of ▁Alexander ▁Hamilton , ▁has ▁been ▁review ed ▁favor ably ▁in ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁publications , ▁and ▁is ▁widely ▁c ited ▁in ▁the ▁academic ▁and ▁general ▁literature . ▁He ▁has ▁also ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁P BS ▁show ▁Think ▁T ank . ▁He ▁is ▁married ▁to ▁the ▁transl ator ▁and ▁political ▁the or ist ▁M era ▁J . ▁F la umen haft . ▁He ▁has ▁had ▁a ▁long - standing ▁friendship ▁with ▁the ▁scholar ▁Leon ▁K ass . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Chicago ▁al umn i ▁Category : St . ▁John ' s ▁College ▁( An nap olis / S anta ▁Fe ) ▁fac ulty ▁Category : American ▁male ▁writers <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁simplified ▁family ▁tree ▁of ▁all ▁Frank ish ▁and ▁French ▁monarch s , ▁from ▁Ch ilder |
ic ▁I ▁to ▁Napoleon ▁III . ▁ ▁Mer oving ian ▁D ynast y ▁ ▁Carol ing ian ▁D ynast y ▁ ▁Cap et ian ▁dynast y ▁ ▁House ▁of ▁Bon ap arte ▁▁ 1 : ▁Ch il per ic ▁II ▁is ▁most ▁likely , ▁but ▁not ▁certainly , ▁son ▁of ▁Ch ilder ic ▁II ▁ 2 : ▁Ch ilder ic ▁III ▁is ▁son ▁of ▁either ▁Ch il per ic ▁II ▁or ▁The uder ic ▁IV ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Family ▁tree ▁of ▁French ▁monarch s ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁France ▁List ▁of ▁French ▁cons ort s ▁List ▁of ▁French ▁monarch s ▁List ▁of ▁he irs ▁to ▁the ▁French ▁throne ▁ ▁Leg it im ist ▁claim ants ▁to ▁the ▁throne ▁of ▁France — desc end ants ▁of ▁the ▁Bour b ons , ▁reject ing ▁all ▁heads ▁of ▁state ▁since ▁ 1 8 3 0 . ▁Union ists ▁recognized ▁the ▁Or lé an ist ▁claim ant ▁after ▁ 1 8 8 3 . ▁ ▁Or lé an ist ▁claim ants ▁to ▁the ▁throne ▁of ▁France — desc end ants ▁of ▁Louis - Ph illi ppe , ▁a ▁cad et ▁Bour bon , ▁reject ing ▁all ▁heads ▁of ▁state ▁since ▁ 1 8 4 8 . ▁ ▁Bon ap art ist ▁claim ants ▁to ▁the ▁throne ▁of ▁France — desc end ants ▁of ▁Napoleon ▁I ▁and ▁his ▁brothers , ▁reject ing ▁all ▁heads ▁of ▁state ▁ 1 8 1 5 – 4 8 , ▁and ▁since ▁ 1 8 7 0 . ▁ ▁Jacob ite ▁claim ants ▁to ▁the |
▁throne ▁of ▁France — desc end ants ▁of ▁King ▁Edward ▁III ▁of ▁England ▁and ▁thus ▁his ▁claim ▁to ▁the ▁French ▁throne ▁( ren ounced ▁by ▁Han over ian ▁King ▁George ▁III ▁upon ▁union ▁with ▁Ireland ), ▁also ▁claim ing ▁Scotland , ▁and ▁Ireland . ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Edward ▁James , ▁The ▁Orig ins ▁of ▁France : ▁Clo vis ▁to ▁the ▁Cap et ians ▁ 5 0 0 - 1 0 0 0 . ▁. ▁Edward ▁James , ▁The ▁Fran ks . ▁Black well : ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁. ▁The ▁history ▁of ▁France ▁as ▁rec ount ed ▁in ▁the ▁Grand es ▁Chron iques ▁de ▁France , ▁and ▁particularly ▁in ▁the ▁personal ▁copy ▁produced ▁for ▁King ▁Charles ▁V ▁between ▁ 1 3 7 0 ▁and ▁ 1 3 8 0 ▁that ▁is ▁the ▁s aga ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁great ▁dynast ies , ▁the ▁Mer oving ians , ▁Carol ing ians , ▁and ▁the ▁Cap et ian ▁R ul ers ▁of ▁France , ▁that ▁sh aped ▁the ▁institutions ▁and ▁the ▁front iers ▁of ▁the ▁real m . ▁This ▁work ▁was ▁commission ed ▁at ▁a ▁time ▁that ▁France ▁was ▁em bro iled ▁in ▁the ▁H undred ▁Years ' ▁War ▁with ▁England , ▁a ▁war ▁fought ▁over ▁her edit ary ▁claims ▁to ▁the ▁throne ▁of ▁France . ▁It ▁must ▁therefore ▁be ▁read ▁with ▁a ▁careful ▁eye ▁toward ▁bi ases ▁meant ▁to ▁justify ▁the ▁Cap et ian ▁claims ▁of ▁continu ity ▁and ▁inheritance . ▁The ▁Cambridge ▁Illustr ated ▁History ▁of ▁France . ▁Cambridge ▁University ▁Press |
. ▁Paul ▁Fou rac re ▁and ▁Richard ▁A . ▁Ger ber ding , ▁Late ▁Mer oving ian ▁France : ▁History ▁and ▁H agi ography , ▁ 6 4 0 – 7 2 0 . ▁Manchester ▁University ▁Press . ▁. ▁Patrick ▁Ge ary , ▁Before ▁France ▁and ▁Germany : ▁The ▁Cre ation ▁and ▁Trans formation ▁of ▁the ▁Mer oving ian ▁World . ▁Oxford : ▁Oxford ▁U . ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁. ▁Patrick ▁Ge ary , ▁The ▁M yth ▁of ▁Nations : ▁The ▁Med ieval ▁Orig ins ▁of ▁Europe . ▁Pr inc eton ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁. ▁ ▁Category : D ynast y ▁gene al ogy <0x0A> </s> ▁Jon as ▁Car p ign ano ▁( ; ▁born ▁January ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 1 9 8 4 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Italian - American ▁film ▁director . ▁He ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁the ▁films ▁Mediter rane a ▁and ▁A ▁Ci amb ra ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁and ▁career ▁Car p ign ano ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁the ▁Bron x , ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 . ▁His ▁father , ▁Paolo ▁Car p ign ano ▁is ▁a ▁gradu ate ▁school ▁professor ▁from ▁Rome , ▁Italy . ▁His ▁mother ▁D iane ▁B ensk in ▁Car p ign ano ▁is ▁from ▁a ▁family ▁originally ▁from ▁Barb ados ▁in ▁the ▁Car ib bean . ▁ ▁He ▁grew ▁up ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁but ▁spent ▁extensive ▁periods ▁of ▁time ▁in ▁Rome , ▁Italy ▁where ▁his ▁father ' s ▁family ▁res ided |
. ▁From ▁an ▁early ▁age ▁he ▁was ▁surrounded ▁by ▁film m akers ▁and ▁mus icians . ▁His ▁pat ernal ▁grand father ▁Vitt orio ▁Car p ign ano ▁was ▁a ▁film maker ▁and ▁producer ▁of ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁memor able ▁commer ci als ▁of ▁early ▁Italian ▁television , ▁and ▁a ▁pro l ific ▁artist ▁in ▁the ▁latter ▁part ▁of ▁his ▁life . ▁His ▁uncle , ▁Luci ano ▁Em mer , ▁was ▁an ▁Italian ▁film ▁director . ▁On ▁his ▁mother ' s ▁side , ▁his ▁uncle ▁Sam my ▁B ensk in ▁was ▁a ▁well ▁known ▁jazz ▁pian ist ▁and ▁band ▁leader . ▁He ▁began ▁making ▁films ▁at ▁Wes ley an ▁University , ▁where ▁he ▁graduated ▁with ▁hon ors ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁and , ▁after ▁having ▁worked ▁in ▁the ▁film ▁industry ▁in ▁Italy ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁for ▁a ▁few ▁years , ▁he ▁en rolled ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁University ▁T isch ▁School ▁of ▁Arts ▁Gr adu ate ▁Film ▁Program ▁where ▁he ▁made ▁his ▁first ▁short ▁films . ▁His ▁work ▁as ▁a ▁director ▁has ▁been ▁shown ▁at ▁the ▁C annes ▁Film ▁Festival , ▁Ven ice ▁Film ▁Festival ▁and ▁the ▁Sund ance ▁Film ▁Festival . ▁ ▁Car p ign ano ▁has ▁written ▁and ▁directed ▁several ▁award - win ning ▁short ▁films , ▁including ▁A ▁Ch j ana ▁which ▁won ▁best ▁short ▁film ▁at ▁the ▁Ven ice ▁Film ▁Festival ▁and ▁A ▁Ci amb ra ▁which ▁won ▁the ▁Disc overy ▁Award ▁at ▁the ▁C annes ▁film ▁festival ▁- ▁S ema ine ▁De ▁La ▁Crit |
ique ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁Car p ign ano ▁made ▁his ▁feature ▁debut ▁with ▁Mediter rane a , ▁which ▁had ▁its ▁world ▁premi ere ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁C annes ▁Film ▁Festival ' s ▁International ▁Crit ics ' ▁Week ▁. The ▁film ▁received ▁positive ▁reviews , ▁and ▁since ▁its ▁release ▁the ▁film ▁has ▁screen ed ▁at ▁festiv als ▁around ▁the ▁world ▁such ▁as ▁B FI ▁London ▁Film ▁Festival , ▁A FI ▁Fest ▁and ▁Stockholm ▁Film ▁Festival ▁where ▁the ▁film ▁won ▁three ▁awards ▁including ▁best ▁debut ▁film ▁and ▁best ▁actor . ▁Mediter rane a ▁was ▁nominated ▁for ▁three ▁Independent ▁Spr it ▁Awards ▁and ▁it ▁earned ▁Car p ign ano ▁the ▁B ingham ▁Ray ▁Break through ▁Director ▁Award ▁at ▁the ▁IF P ▁Goth am ▁Awards . The ▁National ▁Board ▁of ▁Review ▁gave ▁Car p ign ano ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁the ▁best ▁director ial ▁debut ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁and ▁put ▁Mediter rane a ▁on ▁its ▁list ▁of ▁the ▁top ▁five ▁foreign ▁language ▁films ▁of ▁the ▁year . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁Car p ign ano ' s ▁second ▁feature ▁film ▁A ▁Ci amb ra ▁had ▁its ▁world ▁premi ere ▁in ▁the ▁Director ' s ▁Fort night ▁at ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁C annes ▁Film ▁Festival . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁executive ▁produced ▁by ▁Martin ▁Sc ors ese ▁and ▁won ▁the ▁Europa ▁Label s ▁prize ▁for ▁best ▁European ▁film . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁selected ▁by ▁Italy ▁to |
▁represent ▁the ▁country ▁in ▁the ▁best ▁foreign ▁language ▁film ▁category ▁of ▁the ▁Academy ▁Awards . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁not ▁nominated ▁but ▁it ▁did ▁ear n ▁Car p ign ano ▁a ▁nom ination ▁for ▁best ▁director ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Film ▁Independent ▁Spirit ▁Awards ▁and ▁was ▁named ▁the ▁best ▁Italian ▁Film ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁Sy nd icate ▁of ▁Italian ▁Film ▁Crit ics ▁( SN CC I ). ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁A ▁Ci amb ra ▁was ▁nominated ▁for ▁seven ▁David ▁di ▁Don at ello ▁Awards ▁ultimately ▁winning ▁two ▁including ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁best ▁director . ▁ ▁Awards ▁He ▁has ▁received ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁break through ▁director ▁at ▁Goth am ▁Independent ▁Film ▁Awards ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁for ▁his ▁first ▁feature ▁film ▁Mediter rane a ▁which ▁was ▁also ▁named ▁the ▁best ▁director ial ▁debut ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁Board ▁of ▁Review . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁he ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁G ug gen heim ▁Fellow ship . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁his ▁film ▁A ▁Ci amb ra ▁won ▁the ▁Europa ▁label ▁cinema ▁prize ▁at ▁the ▁Director ' s ▁Fort night ▁at ▁the ▁can nes ▁film ▁festival . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Car p ign ano ▁won ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁best ▁director ▁( M igli or ▁Reg ia ) ▁at ▁the ▁David ▁di ▁Don at ello , ▁the ▁country ' s ▁equivalent ▁of ▁the ▁O sc ars . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life |
▁Car p ign ano ▁lives ▁in ▁Italy , ▁where ▁he ▁continues ▁to ▁work ▁as ▁a ▁writer ▁and ▁director . ▁ ▁Film ography ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Ital ian ▁film ▁direct ors <0x0A> </s> ▁Saint - V rain ▁is ▁a ▁commune ▁in ▁the ▁Mar ne ▁department ▁in ▁north - e astern ▁France . ▁ ▁Population ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Comm unes ▁of ▁the ▁Mar ne ▁department ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁IN SEE ▁commune ▁file ▁ ▁Saint v rain <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Sant ' Ag ost ino ▁Alt arp ie ce ▁is ▁a ▁painting ▁by ▁Per ug ino , ▁produced ▁in ▁two ▁stages ▁between ▁around ▁ 1 5 0 2 ▁and ▁ 1 5 1 2 ▁and ▁then ▁around ▁ 1 5 1 3 ▁to ▁ 1 5 2 3 . ▁The ▁alt arp ie ce ' s ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 9 ▁or ▁ 3 0 ▁pan els ▁were ▁split ▁up ▁during ▁the ▁Napole onic ▁supp ression ▁of ▁religious ▁houses ▁- ▁most ▁of ▁its ▁pan els ▁are ▁now ▁in ▁the ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria ▁in ▁Per ug ia . ▁It ▁is ▁notable ▁as ▁the ▁painter ' s ▁last ▁master work ▁before ▁he ▁moved ▁into ▁his ▁late ▁phase ▁producing ▁more ▁provincial ▁comm issions . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁commission ed ▁by ▁the ▁mon ks ▁of ▁Sant ' Ag ost ino ▁church ▁in ▁Per ug ia . ▁The ▁first ▁phase ▁included ▁the ▁artist ' s ▁peak |
▁years ▁and ▁the ▁crisis ▁from ▁ 1 5 0 8 ▁on wards ▁which ▁dist anced ▁him ▁from ▁the ▁major ▁art istic ▁cent res ▁of ▁Italy . ▁The ▁second ▁phase ▁included ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁those ▁crisis ▁years ▁and ▁after ▁ 1 5 2 0 ▁his ▁final ▁years . ▁The ▁work ▁is ▁often ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁base - line ▁for ▁d ating ▁other ▁works ▁from ▁his ▁late ▁period . ▁ ▁The ▁main ▁panel ▁shows ▁the ▁Bapt ism ▁of ▁Christ ▁in ▁the ▁Jordan ▁by ▁John ▁the ▁Bapt ist , ▁with ▁the ▁Holy ▁Spirit ▁desc ending ▁in ▁a ▁g ild ed ▁nim bus , ▁ang els ▁assist ing , ▁sain ts ▁around ▁the ▁scene ▁and ▁the ▁heads ▁of ▁ser aph im ▁above . ▁All ▁the ▁pan els ▁were ▁held ▁in ▁a ▁frame ▁by ▁Matt ia ▁da ▁Reg gio , ▁making ▁the ▁alt arp ie ce ▁double - s ided . ▁They ▁were ▁placed ▁in ▁the ▁frame ▁as ▁the ▁artist ▁completed ▁them , ▁working ▁up ▁from ▁the ▁pred ella ▁at ▁the ▁base , ▁the ▁columns , ▁the ▁main ▁pan els , ▁an ▁ent abl ature , ▁a ▁c ym at ium ▁and ▁finally ▁the ▁works ▁fl ank ing ▁the ▁central ▁panel . ▁ ▁Ph ases ▁ ▁First ▁phase ▁This ▁probably ▁corresponds ▁to ▁the ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁alt arp ie ce ▁which ▁faces ▁the ▁church ' s ▁nave : ▁ ▁Bapt ism ▁of ▁Christ , ▁ 2 6 1 ▁× ▁ 1 4 6 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . |
▁St ▁John ▁the ▁Evangel ist ▁and ▁St ▁August ine ▁of ▁Hi ppo , ▁ 1 7 3 ▁× ▁ 9 1 ▁cm , ▁Musée ▁des ▁August ins , ▁Toul ouse ▁St ▁Her cul anus ▁and ▁St ▁James ▁the ▁Great , ▁ 1 7 3 ▁× ▁ 9 1 ▁cm , ▁Musée ▁des ▁Be aux - Ar ts , ▁Lyon . ▁Arch angel ▁Gabriel ▁and ▁Virgin , ▁forming ▁an ▁Ann unci ation ▁scene , ▁two ▁t ond os ▁each ▁with ▁a ▁diameter ▁of ▁ 1 0 2 ▁cm , ▁the ▁former ▁in ▁the ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia ▁and ▁the ▁latter ▁now ▁lost ▁Ad oration ▁of ▁the ▁Mag i , ▁ 3 9 . 5 ▁× ▁ 8 5 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁St ▁John ▁the ▁Bapt ist ▁Pre aching , ▁ 3 9 . 5 ▁× ▁ 8 4 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁The ▁Wed ding ▁Fe ast ▁at ▁C ana , ▁ 3 9 . 5 ▁× ▁ 8 4 . 5 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁The ▁Pres entation ▁in ▁the ▁Temple , ▁ 3 9 . 5 ▁× ▁ 8 3 . 5 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁ ▁The ▁mon ks ▁caused ▁very ▁long ▁del ays , ▁meaning ▁that ▁the |
▁pred ella ▁was ▁completed ▁by ▁Per ug ino ' s ▁studio ▁assist ants ▁using ▁draw ings ▁by ▁the ▁artist ▁himself . ▁The ▁draw ings ▁for ▁the ▁works ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁phase ▁probably ▁used ▁silver - point , ▁which ▁can ▁now ▁be ▁seen ▁under ▁inf ra red ▁light . ▁All ▁the ▁pan els ▁are ▁painted ▁with ▁a ▁single ▁light ▁source ▁coming ▁from ▁the ▁left . ▁Bapt ism ▁re - uses ▁a ▁composition ▁from ▁the ▁Ann un zi ata ▁Poly pty ch ▁and ▁the ▁symmet rical ▁ang els ▁from ▁Madonna ▁della ▁Cons ol azione . ▁The ▁fl ank ing ▁pan els ▁of ▁the ▁sain ts ▁show ▁precise ▁dra ug ht sm ans hip ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁high ▁detail ▁in ▁the ▁flowers ▁and ▁small ▁plants ▁on ▁the ▁ground . ▁ ▁Second ▁phase ▁ ▁The ▁other ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁alt arp ie ce ▁faced ▁the ▁church ' s ▁cho ir ▁and ▁work ▁on ▁its ▁pan els ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 5 1 3 , ▁delivered ▁at ▁irregular ▁intervals ▁right ▁up ▁to ▁Per ug ino ' s ▁death . ▁The ▁c ym at ium ▁pan els ▁on ▁both ▁sides ▁were ▁produced ▁during ▁this ▁phase , ▁with ▁God ▁the ▁Father ▁facing ▁the ▁nave ▁and ▁a ▁Piet à ▁towards ▁the ▁cho ir ▁- ▁the ▁latter ▁formed ▁a ▁single ▁panel ▁with ▁the ▁fl ank ing ▁t ond i ▁of ▁David ▁and ▁Daniel , ▁but ▁was ▁later ▁split ▁up . ▁A part ▁from ▁these ▁two ▁purely ▁decor ative ▁temper a ▁t ond i , ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁pan els ▁show ▁a |
▁lack ▁of ▁under draw ing ▁and ▁near - trans parent ▁colour ▁to ▁show ▁the ▁cont ours ▁of ▁the ▁figures ▁- ▁the ▁speed ▁of ▁their ▁execution ▁dates ▁them ▁to ▁Per ug ino ' s ▁late ▁period . ▁The ▁rural ▁background s ▁are ▁very ▁simple , ▁with ▁almost ▁no ▁flowers ▁in ▁the ▁for eground ▁to ▁increase ▁focus ▁on ▁the ▁class ically - infl uen ced ▁figures , ▁in ▁which ▁Per ug ino ▁seems ▁to ▁have ▁assim il ated ▁the ▁style ▁of ▁his ▁old ▁pup il ▁Rap ha el . ▁ ▁Ad oration ▁of ▁the ▁She ph erd s , ▁ 2 6 3 ▁× ▁ 1 4 7 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁St ▁Sebastian ▁and ▁St ▁I rene ▁or ▁Ap oll ina , ▁Museum ▁of ▁Gren o ble , ▁Gren o ble . ▁St ▁Jer ome ▁and ▁St ▁Mary ▁Mag dal ene , ▁ 1 7 4 ▁× ▁ 9 5 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁Young ▁Saint ▁with ▁a ▁S word , ▁ 1 0 2 ▁cm ▁in ▁diameter , ▁Musée ▁du ▁Lou vre , ▁Paris ▁St ▁Bar th ol ome w , ▁ 8 9 . 5 ▁× ▁ 7 4 . 8 ▁cm , ▁B irmingham ▁Museum ▁and ▁Art ▁Gallery , ▁B irmingham ▁ ▁God ▁the ▁Father , ▁ 1 4 5 ▁× ▁ 1 4 0 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia |
. ▁Piet à , ▁ 1 4 4 ▁× ▁ 1 5 2 ▁cm , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁David ▁and ▁Daniel , ▁two ▁t ond i , ▁each ▁ 6 1 ▁cm ▁in ▁diameter , ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria , ▁Per ug ia . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁▁ ▁Vitt oria ▁Gar ib ald i , ▁Per ug ino , ▁in ▁Pitt ori ▁del ▁R in asc imento , ▁Scala , ▁Florence , ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁▁▁ ▁Pier lu igi ▁De ▁Vec chi , ▁E ld a ▁Cer chi ari , ▁I ▁tem pi ▁dell ' arte , ▁volume ▁ 2 , ▁B omp iani , ▁Milan , ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁▁▁ ▁Stef ano ▁Z uff i , ▁Il ▁Qu attro cent o , ▁Elect a , ▁Milan , ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁An ▁alternative ▁reconst ruction ▁of ▁the ▁alt arp ie ce ▁on ▁Edu . aug ust ins . org ▁ ▁Category : Paint ings ▁by ▁Pietro ▁Per ug ino ▁category : 1 5 0 0 s ▁paint ings ▁category : 1 5 1 0 s ▁paint ings ▁category : 1 5 2 0 s ▁paint ings ▁category : Collections ▁of ▁the ▁Gall eria ▁Nazionale ▁dell ' U mb ria ▁category : Paint ings ▁of ▁the ▁Museum ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁of ▁Lyon ▁Category : Alt arp ie ces ▁Category : Paint ings ▁dep ict ing ▁John ▁the ▁Bapt |
ist ▁Category : Paint ings ▁dep ict ing ▁Jesus ▁Category : Ang els ▁in ▁art <0x0A> </s> ▁" My ▁Day ▁Will ▁Come " ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁single ▁from ▁Kate ▁Alex a , ▁released ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁This ▁single ▁is ▁from ▁her ▁debut ▁album , ▁Bro ken ▁& ▁Beautiful . ▁It ▁compr ised ▁two ▁singles , ▁one ▁was ▁the ▁one ▁without ▁the ▁digital ▁video ▁film ▁clip ▁which ▁was ▁the ▁original ▁one ▁and ▁the ▁other ▁one ▁with ▁the ▁digital ▁video ▁film ▁clip ▁which ▁was ▁the ▁en hanced ▁limited ▁edition . ▁ ▁Both ▁singles ▁also ▁include ▁a ▁new ▁song ▁called ▁" W alk ▁On " ▁and ▁the ▁ac oust ic ▁version ▁of ▁Always ▁There , ▁her ▁debut ▁single . ▁ ▁History ▁and ▁theme ▁This ▁was ▁Alex a ' s ▁second ▁single , ▁released ▁almost ▁a ▁year ▁( 5 0 ▁weeks ) ▁after ▁her ▁debut , ▁Always ▁There . ▁The ▁album , ▁Bro ken ▁& ▁Beautiful , ▁was ▁released ▁two ▁more ▁singles ▁later ▁and ▁a ▁year ▁afterwards . ▁ ▁Alex a ▁says ▁the ▁song ▁is ▁about ▁" bel ieving ▁in ▁yourself " ▁and ▁"... no ▁matter ▁how ▁hard ▁things ▁get , ▁don ' t ▁give ▁up . ▁Your ▁day ▁will ▁come ." ▁ ▁Music ▁video ▁The ▁music ▁video ▁for ▁the ▁song ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Bart ▁Borg h esi , ▁and ▁shows ▁Alex a ▁in ▁an ▁old ▁house . ▁In ▁the ▁beginning ▁she ▁is ▁sat ▁to ▁a ▁table ▁singing ▁the ▁first ▁verse , ▁and ▁she ▁wal ks ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁band ▁members ▁with |
▁sheets ▁over ▁them , ▁which ▁she ▁pull s ▁off , ▁and ▁then ▁starts ▁performing ▁the ▁first ▁ch orus ▁with ▁them . ▁Through out ▁the ▁video ▁she ▁keeps ▁catch ing ▁sight ▁of ▁a ▁myster ious ▁man , ▁and ▁sh ots ▁of ▁her ▁sat ▁on ▁the ▁st airs ▁performing ▁with ▁the ▁band . ▁ ▁Chart ▁performance ▁It ▁did ▁not ▁do ▁as ▁well ▁on ▁the ▁charts ▁as ▁Always ▁There , ▁it ▁pe aked ▁at ▁# 2 4 ▁and ▁stayed ▁on ▁the ▁A RI A ▁top ▁ 5 0 ▁for ▁only ▁ 4 ▁weeks . ▁ ▁Track ▁list ings ▁CD ▁Single : ▁Original ▁single ▁track ▁listing ▁ ▁" My ▁Day ▁Will ▁Come " ▁" W alk ▁On " ▁" Al ways ▁There " ▁( Ac oust ic ▁Version ) ▁ ▁CD ▁Single : ▁En hanced ▁Limited ▁Edition ▁single ▁track ▁listing ▁ ▁" My ▁Day ▁Will ▁Come " ▁" W alk ▁On " ▁" Al ways ▁There " ▁( Ac oust ic ▁Version ) ▁" My ▁Day ▁Will ▁Come " ▁( Video ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 5 ▁singles ▁Category : K ate ▁Alex a ▁songs ▁Category : 2 0 0 5 ▁songs ▁Category : M ush room ▁Records ▁singles <0x0A> </s> ▁C od ium ▁l amin ario ides ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁sea we ed ▁in ▁the ▁C odia ceae ▁family . ▁ ▁The ▁medium ▁green ▁th all us ▁has ▁a ▁with ▁a ▁short ▁and ▁ter ete ▁st ipe ▁that ▁is ▁approximately ▁ ▁in ▁length . ▁This ▁exp ands ▁to ▁a ▁flat ▁fr |
ond ▁which ▁is ▁ ▁broad ▁and ▁ ▁long ▁and ▁ ▁thick . ▁▁ ▁It ▁is ▁usually ▁found ▁in ▁deep ▁water ▁to ▁around ▁ ▁in ▁depth . ▁ ▁In ▁Western ▁Australia ▁is ▁found ▁along ▁the ▁coast ▁in ▁Mid ▁West ▁down ▁the ▁west ▁coast ▁and ▁then ▁along ▁the ▁south ▁coast ▁as ▁far ▁as ▁South ▁Australia . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁l amin ario ides ▁Category : Pl ants ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 5 <0x0A> </s> ▁Channel - associ ated ▁signal ing ▁( C AS ), ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁per - tr unk ▁signal ing ▁( PT S ), ▁is ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁digital ▁communication ▁signal ing . ▁As ▁with ▁most ▁tele communic ation ▁signal ing ▁methods , ▁it ▁uses ▁routing ▁information ▁to ▁direct ▁the ▁payload ▁of ▁voice ▁or ▁data ▁to ▁its ▁destination . ▁With ▁C AS , ▁this ▁routing ▁information ▁is ▁encoded ▁and ▁transm itted ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁channel ▁as ▁the ▁payload ▁itself . ▁This ▁information ▁can ▁be ▁transm itted ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁band ▁( in - band ▁signal ing ) ▁or ▁a ▁separate ▁band ▁( out - of - band ▁signal ing ) ▁to ▁the ▁payload . ▁Call ▁setup ▁will ▁be ▁compar atively ▁slower ▁since ▁signal ing ▁channels ▁are ▁shared ▁thus ▁con g estion ▁can ▁be ▁faced . ▁ ▁C AS ▁potentially ▁results ▁in ▁lower ▁available ▁band width ▁for ▁the ▁payload . ▁For ▁example , ▁in ▁the ▁P ST N ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁out - of - band ▁signal ing ▁within ▁a ▁fixed ▁band width ▁reduces ▁a ▁ 6 4 ▁k bit / |
s ▁D S 0 ▁to ▁ 5 6 ▁k bit / s . ▁Because ▁of ▁this , ▁and ▁the ▁inher ent ▁security ▁benefits ▁of ▁separ ating ▁the ▁control ▁lines ▁from ▁the ▁payload , ▁tele phone ▁systems ▁introduced ▁since ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁rely ▁more ▁on ▁common - channel ▁signal ing ▁( CC S ). ▁ ▁The ▁most ▁common ▁implementation ▁of ▁C AS ▁is ▁ro bb ed - bit ▁signal ing . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : T ele communic ations ▁standards <0x0A> </s> ▁É der ▁G uter res ▁Sil ve ira ▁( born ▁ 7 ▁October ▁ 1 9 7 7 ), ▁known ▁as ▁É der ▁or ▁É der ▁Ga ú cho , ▁is ▁a ▁Brazil ian ▁retired ▁footballer ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁a ▁central ▁def ender . ▁ ▁Club ▁career ▁Born ▁in ▁São ▁Bor ja , ▁Rio ▁Grande ▁do ▁Sul , ▁Ga ú cho ▁started ▁his ▁professional ▁career ▁with ▁Gr êm io ▁Foot - B all ▁Porto ▁Ale gr ense . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁he ▁moved ▁abroad , ▁joining ▁U . D . ▁Le i ria ▁of ▁Portugal , ▁where ▁he ▁remained ▁two ▁seasons . ▁ ▁É der ▁stayed ▁in ▁the ▁country ▁afterwards , ▁transfer ring ▁to ▁Bo av ista ▁F . C . ▁with ▁the ▁aid ▁of ▁an ▁invest ment ▁fund , ▁which ▁signed ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁player ' s ▁rights ▁and ▁received ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁any ▁future ▁transfer ▁fee . ▁He ▁played ▁all ▁four ▁games ▁in ▁the ▁campaign ' s ▁UEFA ▁Champions ▁League |
▁qual ifying ▁r ounds , ▁adding ▁ 1 2 ▁matches ▁and ▁one ▁goal ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 – 0 3 ▁UEFA ▁Cup ▁as ▁the ▁Porto ▁club ▁reached ▁the ▁semif inals . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁summer , ▁Ga ú cho ▁signed ▁for ▁Russian ▁side ▁FC ▁T erek ▁Gro z ny . ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁however , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Brazil ▁and ▁agreed ▁to ▁a ▁six - month ▁contract ▁with ▁S ert ão z inho ▁Fut ebol ▁Cl ube , ▁which ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁Paul istan ▁League . ▁In ▁July ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Le i ria , ▁not ably ▁scoring ▁in ▁the ▁ 4 – 1 ▁home ▁win ▁over ▁FK ▁H aj du k ▁K ula ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁leg ▁of ▁the ▁last ▁qual ifying ▁round ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁UEFA ▁Inter t oto ▁Cup ▁which ▁subsequently ▁qualified ▁for ▁the ▁UEFA ▁Cup , ▁with ▁his ▁team ▁being ▁elimin ated ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁round ▁of ▁the ▁competition . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁É der ▁joined ▁Al - N ass r ▁FC ▁of ▁Sa udi ▁Arab ia ▁– ▁he ▁also ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁Middle ▁East ▁region ▁for ▁Al - R ay yan ▁SC , ▁appearing ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Em ir ▁of ▁Q atar ▁Cup ▁final . ▁In ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁he ▁left ▁the ▁club , ▁in ▁exchange ▁for ▁Pascal ▁Fe ind ou no . ▁ ▁International ▁career ▁É der |
▁played ▁for ▁Brazil ▁under - 2 0 ' s ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁FIFA ▁World ▁Youth ▁Championship ▁in ▁Malays ia . ▁As ▁the ▁national ▁team ▁ex ited ▁in ▁the ▁quarter - final s , ▁he ▁scored ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 0 – 0 ▁demol ition ▁of ▁Belg ium ▁in ▁the ▁round - of - 1 6 . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁UEFA ▁Inter t oto ▁Cup : ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Campeonato ▁Ga ú cho : ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁C BF ▁data ▁ ▁Fut p édia ▁profile ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Rio ▁Grande ▁do ▁Sul ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁football ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁def enders ▁Category : Cam pe onato ▁Brasile iro ▁S érie ▁A ▁players ▁Category : Gr êm io ▁Foot - B all ▁Porto ▁Ale gr ense ▁players ▁Category : S ert ão z inho ▁Fut ebol ▁Cl ube ▁players ▁Category : Pr ime ira ▁Liga ▁players ▁Category : U . D . ▁Le i ria ▁players ▁Category : Bo av ista ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Russ ian ▁Premier ▁League ▁players ▁Category : FC ▁Ak h mat ▁Gro z ny ▁players ▁Category : Sa udi ▁Professional ▁League ▁players ▁Category : Al - N ass r ▁FC ▁players ▁Category : Al - R ay yan ▁SC ▁players ▁Category : U AE ▁Pro ▁League ▁players ▁Category : Sh ar j ah |
▁FC ▁players ▁Category : B ani y as ▁Club ▁players ▁Category : B raz il ▁youth ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : B raz il ▁under - 2 0 ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁exp atri ate ▁football ers ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Portugal ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Russia ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Sa udi ▁Arab ia ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Q atar ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Arab ▁Em ir ates ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Portugal ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Russia ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Sa udi ▁Arab ia ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Q atar ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Arab ▁Em ir ates <0x0A> </s> ▁Dr . ▁Ab del ▁M one im ▁Ab oul ▁Fot ou h ▁Ab del ▁H ady ▁( , ▁ ▁or ▁) ▁( born ▁ 1 5 ▁October ▁ 1 9 5 1 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Egypt ian ▁phys ician , ▁former ▁student ▁activ ist ▁and ▁Islam ist ▁politician . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 – 2 0 1 2 , ▁he ▁ran ▁for ▁President ▁of ▁Egypt ▁as ▁an ▁independent . ▁He ▁was ▁formerly ▁a ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Muslim ▁Bro ther hood |
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