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▁ 6 6 3 ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁Its ▁population ▁as ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁was ▁ 1 , 4 5 9 ; ▁its ▁population ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁was ▁ 1 , 1 6 3 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Cor reg imientos ▁of ▁Ver agu as ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁Dallas ▁Anderson ▁( 1 2 ▁July ▁ 1 8 7 4 , ▁in ▁C rie ff , ▁Scotland , ▁UK ▁– ▁ 1 6 ▁November ▁ 1 9 3 4 , ▁Richmond , ▁Virginia , ▁USA ) ▁was ▁a ▁Scottish ▁stage ▁and ▁film ▁actor , ▁whose ▁cred its ▁include ▁ 2 2 ▁appearances ▁on ▁Broadway . ▁ ▁Selected ▁film ography ▁ ▁The ▁F ording ton ▁Tw ins ▁( 1 9 2 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Fall ▁of ▁a ▁Saint ▁( 1 9 2 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Edge ▁of ▁Youth ▁( 1 9 2 0 ) ▁ ▁W alls ▁of ▁Pre jud ice ▁( 1 9 2 0 ) ▁ ▁Brand ed ▁( 1 9 2 0 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 7 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 3 4 ▁death s ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁male ▁film ▁actors ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁male ▁stage ▁actors ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁British ▁male ▁actors ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁male ▁silent ▁film ▁actors ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁George ▁William son |
▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁George ▁William son ▁( football er ) ▁( 1 9 2 5 – 1 9 9 4 ), ▁English ▁footballer ▁George ▁William son ▁( Austral ian ▁footballer ) ▁( 1 8 6 6 – 1 9 2 9 ), ▁Australian ▁rules ▁footballer ▁George ▁H unt ▁William son ▁( 1 9 2 6 – 1 9 8 6 ), ▁U FO ▁contact ee ▁George ▁Henry ▁William son ▁( 1 8 4 5 – 1 9 1 8 ), ▁British ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁for ▁Wor c ester , ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁George ▁H . ▁William son ▁( 1 8 7 2 – 1 9 3 6 ), ▁American ▁architect ▁George ▁M . ▁William son ▁( arch itect ) ▁( 1 8 9 2 – 1 9 7 9 ), ▁American ▁architect ▁George ▁William son ▁( di plom at ) ▁( 1 8 2 9 – 1 8 8 2 ), ▁US ▁amb assador ▁George ▁A . ▁William son ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 8 ), ▁American ▁politician ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Florida ▁George ▁William son ▁( ac ade mic ) ▁( 1 8 9 8 – 1 9 6 8 ), ▁professor ▁of ▁English ▁G . ▁C . ▁William son ▁( Ge orge ▁Charles ▁William son , ▁ 1 8 5 8 – 1 9 4 2 ), ▁British ▁art ▁historian , ▁anti qu arian , ▁and ▁author ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁George ▁M . ▁William son ▁( disambiguation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁High ▁Street ▁Records ▁was ▁a ▁subs |
idi ary ▁label ▁of ▁Wind ham ▁Hill ▁Records ▁from ▁about ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁Notable ▁acts ▁who ▁recorded ▁for ▁the ▁label ▁include ▁John ▁G ork a , ▁Pier ce ▁P ett is , ▁Pat ty ▁L ark in , ▁The ▁Sub d udes , ▁Down y ▁Mil de w , ▁and ▁D ots ▁Will ▁E cho . ▁Several ▁singer - song writ ers ▁associated ▁with ▁High ▁Street ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁Wind ham ▁Hill ▁compilation , ▁Leg acy : ▁A ▁Collection ▁of ▁New ▁Fol k ▁Music ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁follow - up ▁on ▁High ▁Street , ▁Leg acy ▁II : ▁A ▁Collection ▁of ▁S inger - song writ ers . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁record ▁labels ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : American ▁record ▁labels ▁Category : Record ▁labels ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁Category : Record ▁labels ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁Category : F olk ▁record ▁labels <0x0A> </s> ▁Don eg al ▁or ▁Don eg al ▁Town ▁( ▁; ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁in ▁County ▁Don eg al , ▁Ireland . ▁The ▁name ▁was ▁histor ically ▁written ▁in ▁English ▁as ▁D unn ag all ▁or ▁Dun ag all . ▁Although ▁Don eg al ▁gave ▁its ▁name ▁to ▁the ▁county , ▁now ▁L iff ord ▁is ▁the ▁county ▁town . ▁From ▁the ▁ 1 4 7 0 s ▁until ▁the ▁very ▁early ▁ 1 7 th ▁century , |
▁Don eg al ▁was ▁the ▁' cap ital ' ▁of ▁T yr conn ell ▁( ), ▁a ▁G ael ic ▁kingdom ▁controlled ▁by ▁the ▁O ' D onn ell ▁dynast y ▁of ▁the ▁Northern ▁U í ▁Né ill . ▁▁ ▁Don eg al ▁s its ▁at ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁Es ke ▁and ▁Don eg al ▁Bay , ▁which ▁is ▁over shadow ed ▁by ▁the ▁Blue ▁Stack ▁Mountains ▁(' the ▁Cro ag hs '). ▁The ▁Dr um men ny ▁Burn , ▁which ▁flows ▁along ▁the ▁eastern ▁edge ▁of ▁Don eg al ▁Town , ▁flows ▁into ▁the ▁River ▁Es ke ▁on ▁the ▁north - e astern ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁town , ▁between ▁the ▁Community ▁Hospital ▁and ▁The ▁Northern ▁Gar age . ▁The ▁B ally bo f ey ▁Road ▁( the ▁R 2 6 7 ) ▁cross es ▁the ▁Dr um men ny ▁Burn ▁near ▁where ▁it ▁flows ▁into ▁the ▁River ▁Es ke . ▁The ▁town ▁is ▁by pass ed ▁by ▁the ▁N 1 5 ▁and ▁N 5 6 ▁roads . ▁The ▁centre ▁of ▁the ▁town , ▁known ▁as ▁The ▁Diam ond , ▁is ▁a ▁hub ▁for ▁music , ▁po etic ▁and ▁cultural ▁gather ings ▁in ▁the ▁area . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁There ▁is ▁arch ae ological ▁evidence ▁for ▁settlement s ▁around ▁the ▁town ▁d ating ▁to ▁pre histor ic ▁times , ▁including ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁ring fort s ▁and ▁other ▁def ensive ▁earth works . ▁ ▁Saint ▁Patrick ▁was ▁captured ▁by ▁ra iders ▁from ▁the ▁cl ans ▁govern ed ▁by ▁Ni all ▁of |
▁the ▁N ine ▁Host ages , ▁and ▁this ▁region ▁is ▁that ▁to ▁which ▁Patrick ▁returned , ▁being ▁familiar ▁with ▁the ▁people , ▁language , ▁custom s ▁and ▁lands . ▁The ▁first ▁cl an ▁to ▁convert ▁to ▁Christian ity ▁as ▁the ▁result ▁of ▁St ▁Patrick ' s ▁efforts ▁was ▁Cl an ▁Con na ill ▁( also ▁known ▁at ▁one ▁time ▁as ▁Cl an ▁D á la igh : ▁in ▁English , ▁this ▁is ▁pron ounced ▁D ale y ▁and ▁it ▁transl ates ▁as ▁" one ▁in ▁a ▁leadership ▁role "). ▁Con n all ▁was ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁Ni all ▁of ▁the ▁N ine ▁Host ages . ▁As ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁their ▁accept ance ▁of ▁Christian ity , ▁Patrick ▁bl essed ▁the ▁cl an ▁members ; ▁the ▁sign ▁of ▁the ▁cross ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁ch ie ft ain ' s ▁shield ▁and ▁this ▁became ▁not ▁only ▁the ▁her ald ic ▁device ▁for ▁the ▁cl an ▁but ▁also ▁for ▁County ▁Don eg al . ▁ ▁Don eg al ▁Town ▁itself ▁is ▁famous ▁for ▁being ▁the ▁former ▁centre ▁of ▁government ▁of ▁the ▁O ' D onn ell ▁dynast y , ▁the ▁great ▁G ael ic ▁royal ▁family ▁who ▁ruled ▁T ír ▁Ch ona ill ▁in ▁west ▁Ul ster ▁for ▁centuries ▁and ▁who ▁played ▁a ▁p iv otal ▁rôle ▁in ▁Irish ▁history . ▁Their ▁original ▁hom eland ▁lay ▁further ▁to ▁the ▁north ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁Kil mac ren nan . ▁From ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁century , ▁they ▁were ▁an |
▁important ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁opposition ▁to ▁the ▁colon isation ▁of ▁Ireland ▁by ▁England . ▁The ▁town ▁itself ▁contains ▁Don eg al ▁Castle , ▁on ▁the ▁banks ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁Es ke , ▁and ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁Don eg al ▁Ab bey , ▁a ▁Francis can ▁ab bey ▁which ▁dates ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century ▁on ▁the ▁Southern ▁shore ▁of ▁the ▁Bay . ▁The ▁Ann als ▁of ▁the ▁Four ▁Masters ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁partially ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁old ▁ab bey ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 3 0 s . ▁The ▁story ▁of ▁Hugh ▁Ro e ▁O ' D onn ell ▁( , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁" Red " ▁Hugh ▁II ), ▁Lord ▁of ▁T yr conn ell , ▁was ▁the ▁insp iration ▁behind ▁many ▁books ▁and ▁films , ▁not ▁least , ▁Disney ' s ▁The ▁Fight ing ▁Prince ▁of ▁Don eg al . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 6 0 1 ▁the ▁Sie ge ▁of ▁Don eg al ▁took ▁place ▁during ▁the ▁N ine ▁Years ' ▁War . ▁After ▁the ▁Fl ight ▁of ▁the ▁Ear ls ▁from ▁near ▁R ath m ull an ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 6 0 7 , ▁the ▁castle ▁and ▁its ▁lands ▁were ▁seized ▁by ▁the ▁English ▁Crown ▁and ▁given ▁to ▁an ▁English man , ▁Captain ▁Bas il ▁Bro oke , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Plant ation ▁of ▁Ul ster . ▁Captain ▁( l ater ▁Sir ) ▁Bas il ▁Bro oke ▁( anc est or ▁of ▁the ▁Vis count s ▁Bro oke borough ) ▁was ▁granted ▁the ▁castle |
▁around ▁ 1 6 1 1 ▁and ▁he ▁proceeded ▁to ▁carry ▁out ▁major ▁reconst ruction ▁work ▁and ▁added ▁a ▁wing ▁to ▁the ▁castle ▁in ▁the ▁Jacob e an ▁style . ▁The ▁current ▁plan ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁was ▁also ▁laid ▁out ▁by ▁Bro oke , ▁including ▁an ▁attract ive ▁town ▁square ▁known ▁as ▁The ▁Diam ond . ▁From ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 7 th ▁until ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁centuries , ▁Don eg al ▁Town ▁formed ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁vast ▁est ates ▁of ▁the ▁G ore ▁family ▁( from ▁ 1 7 6 2 ▁Ear ls ▁of ▁Ar ran ▁in ▁the ▁Pe er age ▁of ▁Ireland ) ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁during ▁their ▁ownership ▁that ▁the ▁town ▁took ▁on ▁its ▁present ▁appearance . ▁Don eg al ▁Bor ough ▁returned ▁two ▁members ▁to ▁the ▁Irish ▁House ▁of ▁Commons , ▁the ▁lower ▁house ▁of ▁the ▁Parliament ▁of ▁Ireland , ▁until ▁the ▁Act s ▁of ▁Union ▁ 1 8 0 0 ▁came ▁into ▁force ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 8 0 1 . ▁Ev idence ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁Fam ine ▁still ▁exists , ▁including ▁a ▁work house , ▁whose ▁buildings ▁are ▁now ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁hospital , ▁and ▁many ▁fam ine ▁gra ves . ▁ ▁Build ings ▁of ▁note ▁ ▁Don eg al ▁Castle ▁Don eg al ▁Castle ▁was ▁the ▁strong hold ▁of ▁the ▁O ' D onn ells . ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁restored ▁by ▁the ▁Office ▁of ▁Public ▁Works . ▁ ▁St . ▁Patrick ' s ▁Church ▁of ▁the ▁Four ▁Masters ▁D edic ated ▁to |
▁Saint ▁Patrick ▁and ▁' the ▁Four ▁Masters ', ▁this ▁Catholic ▁church ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 3 0 s ▁and ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 . ▁Kn own ▁locally ▁as ▁' the ▁Chap el ' ▁or ▁' the ▁Town ▁Chap el ', ▁it ▁was ▁designed ▁by ▁Ralph ▁By r ne , ▁the ▁famous ▁Dublin ▁architect , ▁in ▁a ▁mixed ▁ne o - I r ish ▁Roman es que ▁and ▁ne o - G oth ic ▁style . ▁ ▁Don eg al ▁Par ish ▁Church ▁This ▁Church ▁of ▁Ireland ▁church ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁a ▁simple ▁Goth ic ▁style ▁mainly ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 8 2 0 s ▁and ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 8 . ▁The ▁main ▁church ▁appears ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁designed ▁by ▁a ▁Mr ▁Graham ▁of ▁Don eg al ▁Town . ▁A ▁ch an cel ▁was ▁added ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 0 .< ref > A list air ▁Row an , ▁The ▁Build ings ▁of ▁Ireland : ▁North ▁West ▁Ul ster ▁( pop ular ly ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Pe vs ner ▁Guide ▁to ▁North ▁West ▁Ul ster ), ▁p . ▁ 2 3 8 . ▁Y ale , ▁London , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁( origin ally ▁published ▁by ▁P engu in , ▁London , ▁ 1 9 7 9 ). </ ref > ▁The ▁ch an cel ▁of ▁ 1 8 9 0 ▁was ▁designed ▁by ▁the ▁office ▁of ▁J . ▁Guy ▁Fer g us on ▁in ▁Der ry ▁and |
▁built ▁in ▁a ▁ne o - G oth ic ▁style ▁by ▁James ▁McC lean ▁build ers ▁from ▁St rab ane . ▁ ▁Indust ry ▁and ▁tour ism ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁many ▁sand y ▁be aches ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁Don eg al , ▁such ▁as ▁Mur v agh ▁beach , ▁and ▁some ▁bo ast ing ▁good ▁sur f ing ▁conditions , ▁such ▁as ▁Ross now lag h . ▁Don eg al ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁base ▁for ▁hill - walk ing ▁in ▁the ▁nearby ▁Blue ▁Stack ▁Mountains . ▁The ▁town ▁has ▁many ▁hot els ▁c ater ing ▁for ▁visitors , ▁and ▁nearby ▁towns ▁such ▁as ▁Let ter ken ny ▁offer ▁public ▁sw imming ▁po ols , ▁cin emas ▁and ▁large ▁sho pping ▁cent res . ▁ ▁Like ▁most ▁cl othing ▁manufact ur ers ▁in ▁Ireland , ▁the ▁size ▁of ▁the ▁work force ▁has ▁been ▁in ▁decl ine ▁for ▁many ▁years . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁cl othing ▁manufact ur ers ▁have ▁surv ived ▁by ▁foc using ▁on ▁one ▁particular ▁item ▁of ▁cl othing . ▁For ▁example , ▁tail or ▁David ▁H anna , ▁who ▁started ▁making ▁su its ▁for ▁the ▁loc als ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 4 , ▁switched ▁to ▁making ▁only ▁h ats ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁and ▁is ▁now ▁sh ipping ▁them ▁all ▁over ▁the ▁world . ▁▁ ▁Don eg al ▁also ▁has ▁a ▁long ▁tradition ▁of ▁we aving ▁car p ets . ▁Don eg al ▁Car p ets ▁have ▁been ▁made ▁in ▁K illy beg s ▁for |
▁over ▁one ▁hundred ▁years ▁and ▁have ▁been ▁found ▁in ▁Á ras ▁an ▁U acht ará in , ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Notre ▁D ame ▁and ▁the ▁White ▁House . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁National ▁Geographic ▁Tra v eller ▁named ▁Don eg al ▁as ▁the ▁number ▁ 1 ▁cool est ▁destination ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Pat ▁R idd ell , ▁editor ▁of ▁the ▁UK ▁magazine , ▁“ It ’ s ▁a ▁warm - heart ed ▁place , ▁but ▁w ilder ness ▁always ▁feels ▁just ▁a ▁stone ’ s ▁throw ▁away . ▁And ▁it ▁is ▁w ilder ness ▁. ▁. ▁. ▁world - class ▁w ilder ness . ▁We ▁think ▁it ’ s ▁due ▁a ▁big ▁year .” ▁ ▁Transport ▁ ▁The ▁Bus ▁É ire ann ▁service ▁number ▁ 6 4 ▁Der ry / G al way ▁route : ▁this ▁makes ▁several ▁other ▁stops ▁including ▁Let ter ken ny ▁and ▁S lig o ▁( which ▁allows ▁for ▁rail ▁connections ▁by ▁I arn ród ▁É ire ann , ▁from ▁S lig o ▁Mac ▁Di arm ada ▁railway ▁station ▁in ▁S lig o ▁to ▁Dublin ▁Con n olly ▁railway ▁station . ▁This ▁route ▁also ▁allows ▁for ▁rail ▁connections ▁from ▁London der ry ▁railway ▁station ▁to ▁B elf ast , ▁via ▁Col era ine . ▁The ▁number ▁ 3 0 ▁Don eg al ▁Town / D ub lin ▁route ▁which ▁makes ▁stops ▁at ▁other ▁key ▁towns ▁such ▁as ▁En n isk ill en ▁( which ▁provides |
▁connections ▁to ▁B elf ast ▁via ▁Ul ster bus ). ▁Two ▁private ▁companies ▁operate ▁the ▁other ▁routes : ▁' Mc G ee han ▁Bus ' ▁oper ates ▁a ▁regular ▁service , ▁from ▁Glen col umb c ille ▁and ▁D ung lo e ▁in ▁West ▁Don eg al ▁to ▁Dublin ▁Airport ▁and ▁Bus ár as ▁in ▁Dublin , ▁which ▁passes ▁through ▁the ▁town ; ▁while ▁F eda ▁O ' D onn ell ▁Co aches ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁Bus ▁F eda ) ▁oper ates ▁a ▁regular ▁Gl ent ies / G al way ▁service ▁that ▁stops ▁in ▁Don eg al . ▁ ▁Don eg al ▁railway ▁station ▁opened ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁September ▁ 1 8 8 9 ▁and ▁finally ▁closed ▁on ▁ 1 ▁January ▁ 1 9 6 0 . ▁The ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁station ▁is ▁now ▁used ▁by ▁CI É ▁as ▁a ▁bus ▁dep ot ▁while ▁the ▁actual ▁building ▁is ▁the ▁home ▁of ▁the ▁Don eg al ▁Railway ▁Centre . ▁ ▁Sport ▁Don eg al ▁town ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁many ▁amateur ▁sports ▁clubs . ▁The ▁most ▁popular ▁sport ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁is ▁G ael ic ▁football ▁and ▁the ▁local ▁G AA ▁club ▁is ▁Four ▁Masters . ▁The ▁club ▁also ▁has ▁been ▁developing ▁hur ling . ▁Other ▁popular ▁sports ▁include ▁association ▁football , ▁rugby ▁union , ▁basketball ▁and ▁track ▁and ▁field . ▁ ▁Don eg al ▁Town ▁was ▁host ▁to ▁the ▁final ▁stage ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁R ally ▁Championship ▁on ▁ 1 ▁February ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁was ▁viewed ▁by |
▁ 6 8 ▁million ▁people ▁world wide . ▁ ▁Media ▁The ▁town ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁the ▁regional ▁newsp apers ▁Don eg al ▁Dem ocrat ▁and ▁Don eg al ▁Post ▁and ▁the ▁local ▁Don eg al ▁Times ▁newspaper . ▁The ▁North west ▁Express ▁regional ▁newspaper ▁is ▁also ▁distributed ▁throughout ▁the ▁town ▁and ▁surrounding ▁county , ▁as ▁is ▁The ▁Der ry ▁Journal . ▁Ocean ▁FM , ▁an ▁independent ▁local ▁radio ▁station ▁from ▁Col lo oney ▁in ▁County ▁S lig o , ▁has ▁one ▁of ▁its ▁three ▁stud ios ▁in ▁the ▁town , ▁which ▁broadcast s ▁to ▁most ▁of ▁south ▁County ▁Don eg al . ▁High land ▁Radio , ▁which ▁is ▁based ▁in ▁Let ter ken ny , ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁received ▁in ▁the ▁town . ▁ ▁Notable ▁people ▁▁ ▁Karl ▁L ace y , ▁G ael ic ▁footballer ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁All ▁Stars ▁Football er ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁ ▁Colonel ▁Robert son , ▁soldier ▁and ▁phil anth rop ist ▁ ▁John ▁White ▁( d . ▁ 1 8 9 4 ), ▁Conserv ative ▁MP ▁in ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada ▁ ▁Cl imate ▁Cl imate ▁in ▁this ▁area ▁has ▁m ild ▁differences ▁between ▁high s ▁and ▁l ows , ▁and ▁there ▁is ▁ade qu ate ▁ra inf all ▁year - round . ▁ ▁The ▁Kö ppen ▁climate ▁classification ▁sub type ▁for ▁this ▁climate ▁is ▁" C fb " ▁( Mar ine ▁West ▁Coast ▁Cl imate / O cean ic ▁climate ). ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁towns ▁and ▁villages ▁in |
▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Ireland ▁ ▁Ab bey ▁V oc ational ▁School ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁mon astic ▁houses ▁in ▁Ireland # Count y ▁Don eg al ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Ald well , ▁B . ▁( 2 0 0 3 ). ▁" A ▁survey ▁of ▁local ▁resident ▁but ter f lies ▁in ▁County ▁Don eg al ". ▁Bull . ▁Ir . ▁bi oge og . '' ▁Soc . ▁No . ▁ 2 7 . ▁ 2 0 2 – 2 2 6 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : T own s ▁and ▁villages ▁in ▁County ▁Don eg al <0x0A> </s> ▁USS ▁Cap elin ▁( SS - 2 8 9 ), ▁a ▁B ala o - class ▁sub marine , ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁ship ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Navy ▁to ▁be ▁named ▁for ▁the ▁cap elin , ▁a ▁small ▁fish ▁of ▁the ▁sm elt ▁family . ▁ ▁Her ▁ke el ▁was ▁laid ▁down ▁by ▁Port sm outh ▁Navy ▁Y ard . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁launched ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁January ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁spons ored ▁by ▁Mrs . ▁I . C . ▁Bog art , ▁and ▁commission ed ▁on ▁ 4 ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁Lieutenant ▁Commander ▁E . E . ▁Marshall ▁in ▁command . ▁ ▁[[ Image : S s - 2 8 9 . jpg | left | th umb | View ▁of ▁Cap elin ''' s ▁bow ▁and ▁con ning ▁tower ]] Cap elin ▁sa iled ▁from ▁New ▁London , ▁Connecticut , ▁on ▁ |
3 ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁bound ▁for ▁Br is b ane , ▁Australia , ▁and ▁duty ▁with ▁Sub marine ▁Force , ▁South west ▁Pacific . ▁Her ▁first ▁war ▁pat rol , ▁conducted ▁in ▁the ▁Mol u cca ▁Sea , ▁Fl ores ▁Sea , ▁and ▁Band a ▁Sea ▁between ▁ 3 0 ▁October ▁and ▁ 1 5 ▁November , ▁found ▁her ▁s inking ▁a ▁ 3 1 2 7 - ton ▁Japanese ▁cargo ▁ship ▁on ▁ 1 1 ▁November ▁off ▁Am bon ▁Island . Cap elin ▁returned ▁to ▁Dar win , ▁Australia , ▁with ▁a ▁defect ive ▁con ning ▁tower ▁h atch ▁mechanism , ▁excess ively ▁no isy ▁bow ▁plan es , ▁and ▁a ▁defect ive ▁rad ar ▁t ube . ▁ ▁These ▁fla ws ▁were ▁corrected , ▁and ▁Cap elin ▁put ▁out ▁on ▁her ▁second ▁war ▁pat rol ▁ 1 7 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁in ▁the ▁Mol u cca ▁Sea ▁and ▁C ele bes ▁Sea , ▁and ▁she ▁was ▁to ▁pay ▁particular ▁attention ▁to ▁K ao e ▁Bay , ▁Mor ot ai ▁Stra it , ▁D ava o ▁G ulf , ▁and ▁trade ▁routes ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁S ia oe ▁Island , ▁Sang i ▁Island , ▁T ala ud ▁Islands ▁and ▁Sar ang ani ▁Island . ▁She ▁was ▁to ▁leave ▁her ▁area ▁at ▁dark ▁ 6 ▁December . ▁▁ ▁reported ▁having ▁seen ▁an ▁American ▁sub marine ▁on ▁ 2 ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁assigned ▁to ▁Cap elin ▁at ▁that |
▁time . ▁ ▁The ▁unknown ▁sub ▁quickly ▁dove , ▁probably ▁after ▁sight ing ▁B one fish . ▁B one fish ▁sent ▁a ▁message ▁via ▁son ar ▁giving ▁Commander ▁Marshall ' s ▁nick name , ▁' Ste am '. ▁The ▁sub ▁returned ▁an ▁acknowled g ement . ▁Following ▁this , ▁Cap elin ▁was ▁never ▁heard ▁from ▁again . ▁ ▁The ▁Navy ▁broke ▁radio ▁silence ▁on ▁ 9 ▁December , ▁but ▁without ▁success . ▁ ▁Japanese ▁records ▁studied ▁after ▁the ▁war ▁listed ▁an ▁attack ▁by ▁min el ayer ▁W ak ata ka ▁on ▁a ▁supposed ▁United ▁States ▁sub marine ▁on ▁ 2 3 ▁November , ▁off ▁K ao e ▁Bay , ▁Hal ma h era , ▁with ▁the ▁Japanese ▁ship ▁not ing ▁the ▁attack ▁produced ▁o ily ▁black ▁water ▁columns ▁that ▁contained ▁wood ▁and ▁c ork ▁spl inter s ▁and ▁later ▁a ▁ra ft ▁was ▁found . ▁ ▁This ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁reported ▁attack ▁in ▁the ▁appropriate ▁area ▁at ▁that ▁time . ▁ ▁Also , ▁Japanese ▁mine fields ▁are ▁now ▁known ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁placed ▁in ▁various ▁positions ▁along ▁the ▁north ▁coast ▁of ▁Sul aw esi ▁( C ele bes ) ▁in ▁Cap elin ' s ▁area , ▁and ▁she ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁lost ▁because ▁of ▁a ▁mine ▁explos ion . ▁ ▁G one ▁without ▁a ▁trace , ▁with ▁all ▁her ▁crew , ▁Cap elin ▁remains ▁in ▁the ▁list ▁of ▁ships ▁lost ▁without ▁a ▁known ▁cause . Cap elin '' ▁received ▁one ▁battle ▁star ▁for ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁service . ▁She ▁is ▁cred ited ▁with |
▁having ▁s unk ▁ 3 , 1 2 7 tons ▁of ▁sh ipping ▁on ▁her ▁single ▁war ▁pat rol . ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁U . S . ▁Navy ▁losses ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁On ▁E ternal ▁Pat rol : ▁USS ▁Cap elin ▁ ▁Kill ▁Record : ▁ ▁USS ▁Cap elin ▁ ▁Category : B ala o - class ▁sub mar ines ▁Category : World ▁War ▁II ▁sub mar ines ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : L ost ▁sub mar ines ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Miss ing ▁sub mar ines ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : Sh ips ▁built ▁in ▁K itter y , ▁Maine ▁Category : 1 9 4 3 ▁ships ▁Category : World ▁War ▁II ▁ship w re cks ▁in ▁the ▁Pacific ▁Ocean ▁Category : Sh ip w re cks ▁of ▁Indones ia ▁Category : Sh ips ▁lost ▁with ▁all ▁hands ▁Category : Mar itime ▁inc idents ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁Bar nab y ▁John ▁(" Bar ney ") ▁Gib b ens ▁O BE ▁( 1 7 ▁April ▁ 1 9 3 5 ▁– ▁ 4 ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 2 ) ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁business man ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁IT . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁co - found er ▁of ▁the ▁C AP ▁Group ▁( l ater ▁the ▁S ema ▁Group ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁and ▁found ing ▁Master ▁of ▁the ▁Wor ship ful ▁Company ▁of ▁Information ▁Techn olog ists ▁in |
▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁Win chester ▁College . ▁He ▁was ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁UK ▁Comput ing ▁Services ▁Association ▁( 1 9 7 5 ), ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁UK ▁Comput ing ▁Services ▁Indust ry ▁Training ▁Council ▁( 1 9 8 4 – 9 4 ) ▁and ▁IT ▁Indust ry ▁Le ad ▁Body ▁( 1 9 8 7 – 9 4 ), ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁UK ▁National ▁Comput ing ▁Centre ▁( 1 9 8 7 – 9 0 ), ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁UK ▁National ▁Council ▁for ▁V oc ational ▁Qual ifications ▁( 1 9 8 9 – 9 2 ), ▁and ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁Sk in ▁Tre at ment ▁and ▁Research ▁Trust ▁( START ) ▁( 1 9 9 0 – 2 0 0 8 ). ▁He ▁retired ▁as ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁S ema ▁Group ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁ ▁Gib b ens ▁was ▁elected ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Computer ▁Society ▁( F BC S ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 0 , ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Char tered ▁Account ants ▁( F CA ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁and ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Society ▁of ▁Arts ▁( FR SA ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁He ▁was ▁awarded ▁an ▁O BE ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 2 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁Win chester ▁College |
▁Category : B rit ish ▁business people ▁Category : B rit ish ▁computer ▁special ists ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Computer ▁Society ▁Category : O ffic ers ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁Category : Master s ▁of ▁the ▁Wor ship ful ▁Company ▁of ▁Information ▁Techn olog ists <0x0A> </s> ▁Mel ica ▁nit ens ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁grass ▁known ▁by ▁the ▁common ▁name ▁three flow er ▁mel ic gr ass . ▁It ▁is ▁native ▁to ▁the ▁central ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁This ▁per enn ial ▁grass ▁has ▁short ▁rh iz om es ▁and ▁sometimes ▁forms ▁bunch es . ▁The ▁st ems ▁grow ▁up ▁to ▁ 1 . 3 ▁meters ▁tall . ▁The ▁infl ores c ence ▁is ▁a ▁branch ing ▁pan icle ▁of ▁sp ike lets . ▁Despite ▁its ▁name , ▁the ▁grass ▁has ▁sp ike lets ▁with ▁two ▁to ▁four ▁flowers ▁each , ▁often ▁two . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁wild ▁this ▁plant ▁grows ▁in ▁wood ed ▁areas , ▁grass lands , ▁stre amb anks , ▁and ▁roads ides . ▁In ▁some ▁areas ▁it ▁is ▁considered ▁" high ly ▁threatened ▁by ▁land - use ▁conversion ▁and ▁habitat ▁fragment ation , ▁and ▁to ▁a ▁less er ▁extent ▁by ▁forest ▁management ▁practices ." ▁In ▁others ▁it ▁is ▁cultiv ated ▁and ▁s own ▁as ▁a ▁for age ▁grass . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁nit ens ▁Category : Fl ora ▁of ▁North ▁America <0x0A> </s> ▁Far id pur - 2 ▁is ▁a ▁constitu ency ▁represented ▁in ▁the ▁J ati ya |
▁S angs ad ▁( National ▁Parliament ) ▁of ▁Bang l adesh ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁by ▁Sy eda ▁S aj eda ▁Ch ow dh ury ▁of ▁the ▁Aw ami ▁League . ▁ ▁B ound aries ▁ ▁The ▁constitu ency ▁en comp ass es ▁Nag ark anda ▁and ▁Sal tha ▁up az il as , ▁and ▁one ▁union ▁parish ad ▁of ▁Sad arp ur ▁Up az ila : ▁Kr ish nap ur . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁constitu ency ▁was ▁created ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁general ▁elections ▁in ▁newly ▁independent ▁Bang l adesh , ▁held ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁A head ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁general ▁election , ▁the ▁E lection ▁Commission ▁red rew ▁constitu ency ▁boundaries ▁to ▁reflect ▁population ▁changes ▁revealed ▁by ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁Bang l adesh ▁census . ▁The ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁red istrict ing ▁alter ed ▁the ▁boundaries ▁of ▁the ▁constitu ency . ▁ ▁M embers ▁of ▁Parliament ▁ ▁E lections ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 s ▁ ▁Sy eda ▁S aj eda ▁Ch ow dh ury ▁was ▁elected ▁uno pp osed ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁general ▁election ▁after ▁opposition ▁parties ▁with d rew ▁their ▁cand ida cies ▁in ▁a ▁boy c ott ▁of ▁the ▁election . ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Par liament |
ary ▁constitu encies ▁in ▁Bang l adesh ▁Category : F ar id pur ▁District <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁gu ild s ▁of ▁Florence ▁were ▁sec ular ▁corpor ations ▁that ▁controlled ▁the ▁arts ▁and ▁tr ades ▁in ▁Florence ▁from ▁the ▁tw elf th ▁into ▁the ▁six teenth ▁century . ▁These ▁Ar ti ▁included ▁seven ▁major ▁gu ild s ▁( collect ively ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁Mag gior i ), ▁five ▁middle ▁gu ild s ▁( Ar ti ▁Med iane ) ▁and ▁nine ▁minor ▁gu ild s ▁( Ar ti ▁Min ori ). ▁Their ▁rig orous ▁quality ▁control ▁and ▁the ▁political ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁commune ▁that ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁Mag gior i ▁assumed ▁were ▁form ative ▁influ ences ▁in ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁Florence , ▁which ▁became ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁rich est ▁cities ▁of ▁late ▁Med ieval ▁Europe . ▁ ▁The ▁pop olo ▁min uto — sk illed ▁workers ▁including ▁we a vers , ▁sp inners , ▁dy ers , ▁boat men , ▁labour ers , ▁ped d lers ▁and ▁others — des p ite ▁const itut ing ▁a ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁population , ▁were ▁bar red ▁from ▁forming ▁gu ild s . ▁ ▁Form ation ▁of ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁The ▁gu ild s , ▁medieval ▁institutions ▁that ▁organized ▁every ▁aspect ▁of ▁a ▁city ' s ▁economic ▁life , ▁formed ▁a ▁social ▁network ▁that ▁complement ed ▁and ▁in ▁part ▁compens ated ▁for ▁family ▁t ies , ▁although ▁in ▁Florence ▁the ▁w elf are ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁gu ild s ' ▁activities ▁was ▁less ▁than ▁in ▁many |
▁cities . ▁The ▁first ▁of ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁of ▁Florence ▁of ▁which ▁there ▁is ▁notice ▁is ▁the ▁Arte ▁di ▁Cal im ala , ▁the ▁cloth - mer ch ants ' ▁gu ild , ▁mentioned ▁in ▁a ▁document ▁of ▁about ▁ 1 1 5 0 . ▁By ▁ 1 1 9 3 ▁there ▁existed ▁seven ▁such ▁corpor ate ▁bodies , ▁which ▁each ▁elected ▁a ▁council ▁whose ▁members ▁bore ▁the ▁Roman - s ounding ▁design ation ▁cons oli . ▁A ▁single ▁cap o ▁was ▁elected ▁to ▁manage ▁all ▁the ▁business ▁of ▁the ▁gu ild . ▁ ▁En tr ance ▁to ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁was ▁highly ▁struct ured ▁from ▁the ▁first ▁records ; ▁it ▁was ▁necessary ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁legit imate ▁son ▁of ▁a ▁member , ▁to ▁give ▁proofs ▁of ▁compet ence ▁in ▁the ▁craft ▁involved , ▁and ▁to ▁pay ▁an ▁entrance ▁tax . ▁Masters ▁of ▁the ▁gu ild s , ▁who ▁possessed ▁the ▁means ▁of ▁production , ▁took ▁on ▁app rent ices ▁and ▁gar z oni , ▁the ▁" bo ys " ▁or ▁jour ne ymen ▁who ▁might ▁work ▁through ▁a ▁long ▁career ▁without ▁ever ▁becoming ▁a ▁master . ▁ ▁[[ File : T rib un ale ▁di ▁Mer cat anz ia . jpg | th umb | The ▁Trib un ale ▁di ▁Mer cat anz ia ]] ▁Each ▁of ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁was ▁ruled ▁according ▁to ▁its ▁stat utes , ▁which ▁had ▁the ▁force ▁of ▁law , ▁and ▁might ▁pass ▁jud g ement ▁in ▁controvers ies ▁among ▁its ▁members ▁and ▁with ▁their ▁workers |
. ▁In ▁the ▁four teenth ▁century ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁established ▁the ▁market ▁trib unal ▁called ▁the ▁Mer cat anz ia ▁to ▁hear ▁causes ▁that ▁involved ▁more ▁than ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁Ar ti . ▁The ▁Pal azzo ▁del ▁Trib un ale ▁della ▁Mer cat anz ia ▁( ill ustration , ▁right ) ▁still ▁occup ies ▁a ▁prominent ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁pia zza ▁della ▁Sign oria , ▁bef itting ▁the ▁cont rolling ▁role ▁of ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁in ▁gover ning ▁Florence . ▁ ▁As ▁elsewhere , ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁of ▁Florence ▁protected ▁its ▁members ▁from ▁competition ▁within ▁the ▁city ▁by ▁str angers ▁and ▁Flor ent ine ▁out s iders , ▁guaranteed ▁the ▁quality ▁of ▁work ▁through ▁strict ▁super vision ▁of ▁the ▁work sh ops ▁( bot te g he ), ▁st ip ulated ▁work ▁hours , ▁established ▁mark ets ▁and ▁fe ast ▁days , ▁and ▁provided ▁public ▁services ▁to ▁its ▁members , ▁and ▁their ▁w ives , ▁wid ows ▁and ▁children . ▁During ▁the ▁fif teenth ▁century ▁city ▁watch men ▁were ▁organized ▁by ▁the ▁Ar ti ▁to ▁protect ▁closed ▁work sh ops ▁and ▁w are h ouses . ▁ ▁From ▁the ▁beginning , ▁not ▁all ▁Ar ti ▁were ▁equal : ▁to ▁the ▁original ▁seven ▁Ar ti ▁Mag gior i ▁were ▁added ▁four teen ▁Ar ti ▁Min ori ▁as ▁the ▁gu ild ▁system ▁spread . ▁ ▁Ro le ▁in ▁Florence ▁ ▁Six ▁of ▁the ▁nine ▁Pri ori ▁of ▁the ▁Sign oria ▁of ▁Florence ▁were ▁selected ▁from ▁the ▁major ▁gu ild s , ▁and ▁two |
▁were ▁selected ▁by ▁the ▁minor ▁gu ild s .< ref ▁name =" m cc "> Mc C le ll and , ▁A aron ▁D . ▁" G overn ment ▁of ▁Florence ." ▁Qu attro cent o ▁Project .</ ref > ▁The ▁" Se ven ▁Gre ater ▁Gu ild s " ▁are ▁first ▁mentioned ▁distinct ly ▁( separ ating ▁the ▁Cal im ala ▁from ▁" W ool ") ▁in ▁ 1 1 9 7 . ▁The ▁first ▁State ▁en act ment ▁app ertain ing ▁to ▁Gu ild s ▁was ▁not ▁issued ▁until ▁ 1 2 2 8 . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁scheduled ▁list ▁of ▁Flor ent ine ▁gu ild s ▁en comp ass ing ▁twenty - one ▁gu ild s , ▁appeared ▁in ▁ 1 2 3 6 . ▁The ▁second ▁scheduled ▁list ▁of ▁the ▁twenty - one ▁gu ild s , ▁differenti ating ▁between ▁seven ▁" Gre ater " ▁Gu ild s ▁( Ar ti ▁Mag gior i ) ▁and ▁four teen ▁" L esser " ▁Gu ild s ▁( Ar ti ▁Min ori ), ▁appeared ▁in ▁ 1 2 6 6 . ▁That ▁same ▁year ▁the ▁cons uls ▁of ▁the ▁seven ▁" Gre ater " ▁Gu ild s ▁became ▁the ▁" S up reme ▁Mag istr ate ▁of ▁the ▁State ". ▁In ▁ 1 2 8 0 , ▁the ▁first ▁five ▁of ▁the ▁" L esser ▁Gu ild s " ▁were ▁designated ▁" Inter mediate ▁Gu ild s " ▁( Ar ti ▁Med iane ) ▁in ▁ 1 2 8 0 , |
▁when ▁the ▁Sign oria ▁first ▁assumed ▁office , ▁and ▁their ▁consult s ▁were ▁admitted ▁to ▁the ▁con ferences ▁of ▁the ▁cons uls ▁of ▁the ▁seven ▁" Gre ater " ▁Gu ild s . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 2 8 2 , ▁three ▁" P riors ▁of ▁the ▁Gu ild s " ▁were ▁elected , ▁with ▁powers ▁only ▁inferior ▁to ▁the ▁Chief - Mag istr ate ▁of ▁the ▁State . ▁The ▁third ▁scheduled ▁list ▁of ▁gu ild s , ▁final izing ▁their ▁order ▁of ▁preced ence ▁for ▁over ▁a ▁century ▁appeared ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 2 8 2 ▁document ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁For o ▁F ior ent ino , ▁currently ▁held ▁at ▁British ▁Library . ▁The ▁ 1 2 8 2 ▁document ▁groups ▁the ▁greater ▁and ▁inter medi ary ▁gu ild s ▁together , ▁thus ▁creating ▁a ▁new ▁partition ▁of ▁twelve ▁greater ▁gu ild s ▁and ▁nine ▁minor ▁gu ild s . ▁The ▁nine ▁lowest ▁gu ild s ▁were ▁all otted ▁b ann ers ▁and ▁co ats - of - ar ms ▁in ▁ 1 2 9 1 . ▁ ▁A ▁General ▁Code , ▁a ▁" Stat uto ", ▁for ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁was ▁prom ul g ated ▁in ▁ 1 2 9 6 ▁with ▁the ▁found ing ▁of ▁the ▁Cor te ▁della ▁Mer can zia . ▁The ▁Stat utes ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁under w ent ▁a ▁complete ▁revision ▁between ▁ 1 3 0 1 ▁and ▁ 1 3 0 7 , ▁and ▁the ▁" New ▁Code " ▁was ▁first |
▁adopted ▁by ▁the ▁Cal im ala ; ▁the ▁stat utes ▁were ▁again ▁re vised ▁in ▁ 1 3 8 6 . ▁ ▁Three ▁new ▁oper ative ▁gu ild s ▁were ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 3 7 8 ▁after ▁the ▁Ci om pi ▁revol t . ▁The ▁fourth ▁scheduled ▁list ▁of ▁gu ild s , ▁appearing ▁in ▁ 1 4 1 5 , ▁however , ▁still ▁included ▁only ▁twenty - one ▁gu ild s , ▁partition ed ▁( as ▁in ▁ 1 2 6 6 ) ▁between ▁seven ▁greater ▁gu ild s ▁and ▁four teen ▁less er ▁gu ild s ▁( the ▁inter medi ary ▁ones ▁having ▁lost ▁their ▁special ▁status ). ▁ ▁The ▁greater ▁gu ild s ▁attempted ▁in ▁ 1 4 2 7 ▁to ▁reduce ▁the ▁less er ▁gu ild s ▁to ▁only ▁seven . ▁This ▁was ▁defeated . ▁But ▁in ▁ 1 5 3 4 , ▁the ▁four teen ▁less er ▁gu ild s ▁were ▁arranged ▁into ▁four ▁Univers ities , ▁and ▁saw ▁many ▁of ▁their ▁privileges ▁cur ta iled . ▁ ▁Ar ti ▁Mag gior i ▁ ▁Ar ti ▁Med iane ▁ ▁Ar ti ▁Min ori ▁ ▁Art ists ▁In ▁Florence ▁a ▁separate ▁Gu ild ▁of ▁Saint ▁Luke ▁for ▁artists ▁did ▁not ▁exist . ▁P ain ters ▁belonged ▁to ▁the ▁gu ild ▁of ▁the ▁Do ctors ▁and ▁Ap othe car ies ▁( Ar te ▁dei ▁Med ici ▁e ▁Spe zial i ) ▁as ▁they ▁bought ▁their ▁p ig ments ▁from ▁the ▁ap othe car ies , ▁while ▁sculpt ors ▁were |
▁members ▁of ▁the ▁Masters ▁of ▁Stone ▁and ▁Wood ▁( Ma est ri ▁di ▁Piet ra ▁e ▁Leg name ), ▁or ▁the ▁metal work ers ▁if ▁working ▁in ▁that ▁medium . ▁They ▁were ▁also ▁frequently ▁members ▁in ▁the ▁con fr atern ity ▁of ▁St . ▁Luke ▁( Comp ag nia ▁di ▁San ▁Lu ca ) — which ▁had ▁been ▁founded ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 1 3 4 9 — although ▁it ▁was ▁a ▁separate ▁entity ▁from ▁the ▁gu ild ▁system . ▁In ▁the ▁six teenth ▁century , ▁the ▁Comp ag nia ▁di ▁San ▁Lu ca ▁began ▁to ▁meet ▁at ▁SS . ▁Ann un zi ata , ▁and ▁sculpt ors , ▁who ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁members ▁of ▁a ▁con fr atern ity ▁dedicated ▁to ▁St . ▁Paul ▁( Comp ag nia ▁di ▁San ▁Paolo ), ▁also ▁joined . ▁This ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁compag nia ▁developed ▁into ▁the ▁Flor ent ine ▁Acc adem ia ▁e ▁Comp ag nia ▁delle ▁art i ▁del ▁Dis eg no ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 3 , ▁which ▁was ▁then ▁formally ▁incorpor ated ▁into ▁the ▁city ' s ▁gu ild ▁system ▁in ▁ 1 5 7 2 . ▁ ▁The ▁gu ild s ▁were ▁important ▁pat rons ▁of ▁the ▁arts . ▁The ▁stat ues ▁of ▁the ▁Or san m iche le ▁were ▁a ▁lav ish ▁joint , ▁and ▁highly ▁compet itive , ▁effort , ▁the ▁Cal im ala ▁were ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁Bapt istry ▁and ▁paid ▁for ▁G hi ber ti ' s ▁famous ▁doors , ▁while ▁the ▁L ana ▁were |
▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁c athedral ▁itself , ▁and ▁paid ▁for ▁the ▁cup ola , ▁the ▁alt ar ▁front al ▁and ▁other ▁works , ▁and ▁the ▁S eta ▁built ▁and ▁ran ▁the ▁O sp ed ale ▁degli ▁In noc enti . ▁▁ ▁Univers ities ▁▁ ▁Given ▁the ▁prominent ▁role ▁of ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁in ▁the ▁government ▁of ▁Florence , ▁in ▁ 1 4 2 7 , ▁Flor ent ine ▁greater ▁nobles , ▁led ▁by ▁R inal do ▁degli ▁Alb iz zi ▁and ▁Nic col ò ▁da ▁U zz ano , ▁attempted ▁to ▁introduce ▁measures ▁in ▁the ▁Sign oria ▁of ▁Florence ▁to ▁reduce ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁minor ▁gu ild s ▁from ▁four teen ▁to ▁seven , ▁thereby ▁reducing ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁their ▁represent atives ▁in ▁the ▁government . ▁This ▁attempt ▁was ▁narrow ly ▁defeated , ▁largely ▁by ▁the ▁singular ▁efforts ▁of ▁Giovanni ▁di ▁B ic ci ▁de ' ▁Med ici , ▁an ▁action ▁which ▁c ement ed ▁the ▁popular ity ▁of ▁the ▁Med ici ▁family ▁among ▁the ▁common ▁burg h ers ▁( ag ain st ▁the ▁Grand i ) ▁and ▁helped ▁them ▁rise ▁to ▁power . ▁But ▁a ▁little ▁over ▁a ▁century ▁later , ▁another ▁Med ici , ▁Cos imo ▁I ▁de ' ▁Med ici , ▁Grand ▁Duke ▁of ▁T usc any , ▁reduced ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁minor ▁gu ild s ▁from ▁four teen ▁to ▁four , ▁by ▁grouping ▁dispar ate ▁gu ild s ▁together ▁into ▁" univers ities ". ▁The ▁four ▁new ▁univers ities ▁organized ▁by ▁the ▁law ▁of ▁July ▁ 1 7 |
, ▁ 1 5 3 4 ▁were : ▁▁ ▁L ' Univers ità ▁di ▁Por ▁San ▁Pier o ▁(" Univers ity ▁of ▁St . ▁Peter ' s ▁Gate ") ▁– ▁grouped ▁together ▁the ▁Be cc ai ▁( but ch ers ), ▁O li and oli ▁( pro vision ers ) ▁and ▁the ▁For na i ▁( b akers ). ▁ ▁l ' Univers ità ▁de ' ▁Fab br ic anti ▁(" Univers ity ▁of ▁Art ific ers ") ▁– ▁grouped ▁together ▁the ▁gu ild s ▁of ▁Ch ia va iu oli ▁( lock sm ith s ), ▁Ma est ri ▁di ▁Piet re ▁e ▁Leg n ami ▁( master s ▁of ▁stone ▁and ▁wood ), ▁Cor az za i ▁e ▁Sp ada i ▁( arm our ers ) ▁and ▁Leg na iu oli ▁( car pent ers ). ▁ ▁l ' Univers ità ▁de ' ▁Ma est ri ▁di ▁Cu oi ame ▁(" Univers ity ▁of ▁Masters ▁of ▁Le ather ") ▁– ▁grouped ▁the ▁Cal z ol ai ▁( sh oem akers ), ▁Gal ig ai ▁( T ann ers ) ▁and ▁Cor eg gia i ▁( s add lers ). ▁ ▁l ' Univers ità ▁de ' ▁L ina iu oli ▁(" Univers ity ▁of ▁Lin en - d rap ers ") ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁old ▁L ina iu oli ▁gu ild ▁not ▁only ▁the ▁associated ▁R ig att ieri ▁( ret ail ers ) ▁and ▁S art i ▁( tail ors ), ▁but ▁also ▁the ▁un related ▁Vin att ieri ▁( |
v int ners ) ▁and ▁Al berg atori ▁( inn keep ers ). ▁ ▁The ▁university ▁of ▁Cu oi ame ▁was ▁an nex ed ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 1 ▁by ▁the ▁major ▁gu ild ▁of ▁Va iai ▁e ▁Pel lic cia i ▁( F ur riers ▁and ▁Sk inners ), ▁and ▁the ▁new ▁entity ▁named ▁Arte ▁dei ▁Va iai ▁e ▁Cu oi ame . ▁The ▁univers ities ▁of ▁San ▁Pier o ▁and ▁Fab br ic anti ▁were ▁merged ▁in ▁ 1 5 8 3 , ▁into ▁a ▁single ▁university , ▁the ▁Univers ità ▁dei ▁Fab br ic anti ▁e ▁Por ▁San ▁Pier o . ▁ ▁All ▁the ▁Flor ent ine ▁gu ild s , ▁major ▁and ▁minor , ▁were ▁abol ished ▁in ▁ 1 7 7 0 , ▁by ▁the ▁dec ree ▁of ▁Emperor ▁Joseph ▁II ▁( as ▁Grand ▁Duke ▁of ▁T usc any ), ▁assigning ▁their ▁functions ▁to ▁the ▁single ▁Flor ent ine ▁chamber ▁of ▁commerce ▁( Camera ▁di ▁Com mer cio , ▁Ar ti ▁e ▁Man if att ure ), ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁the ▁Arte ▁dei ▁Gi ud ici ▁e ▁Not ai ▁( J ud ges ▁& ▁Not aries ), ▁which ▁l inger ed ▁on ▁until ▁it ▁was ▁finally ▁abol ished ▁in ▁ 1 7 7 7 ▁by ▁a ▁new ▁dec ree . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Ci om pi , ▁gu ild - less ▁w ool ▁card ers ▁who ▁revol ted ▁in ▁ 1 3 7 8 ▁ ▁Master pie ce ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Hugh es |
, ▁Anthony ." ' An ▁Academy ▁for ▁Do ing '. ▁I : ▁The ▁Acc adem ia ▁del ▁Dis eg no , ▁the ▁Gu ild s ▁and ▁the ▁Princi p ate ▁in ▁Six teenth - Cent ury ▁Florence ." ▁Oxford ▁Art ▁Journal , ▁vol . ▁ 9 , ▁no . ▁ 1 . ▁( 1 9 8 6 ), ▁pp . 3 – 1 0 . ▁ ▁Jack , ▁Mary ▁Ann . ▁" The ▁Acc adem ia ▁del ▁Dis eg no ▁in ▁Late ▁Renaissance ▁Florence ." ▁In : ▁Six teenth ▁Century ▁Journal , ▁vol . ▁ 7 , ▁no . ▁ 2 . ▁( Oct ., ▁ 1 9 7 6 ), ▁pp . 3 – 2 0 . ▁ ▁M ather , ▁R uf us ▁Gra ves . ▁" Documents ▁Most ly ▁New ▁Rel ating ▁to ▁Flor ent ine ▁P ain ters ▁and ▁S cul pt ors ▁of ▁the ▁Fif teenth ▁Century ." ▁In : ▁The ▁Art ▁Bul letin , ▁vol . ▁ 3 0 , ▁no . ▁ 1 . ▁( Mar ., ▁ 1 9 4 8 ), ▁pp . 2 0 – 6 5 . ▁ ▁St ale y , ▁John ▁Ed gc um be . ▁ 1 9 0 6 . ▁The ▁Gu ild s ▁of ▁Florence ' '. ▁M eth uen ▁& ▁Co . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Gu ild ed ▁in ▁Florence ▁Gu ild s ▁ ▁Category : Rep ublic ▁of ▁Florence ▁Category : Gu ild s ▁in ▁Italy ▁Category : Med ieval ▁econom ics |
<0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁West ▁End ▁& ▁Atlanta ▁Street ▁Rail road ▁Company ▁of ▁Atlanta , ▁Georgia ▁was ▁organized ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 2 ▁by ▁Thomas ▁Alexander , ▁M . ▁G . ▁D obb ins , ▁B . ▁J . ▁Wilson , ▁Benjamin ▁H . ▁Bro om head , ▁Al vin ▁K . ▁Se ago , ▁J . ▁M . ▁Alexander , ▁James ▁At kins , ▁J . ▁W . ▁G olds m ith , ▁John ▁M . ▁Har well ▁and ▁Jonathan ▁Nor cross . ▁The ▁hor sec ar ▁route ▁started ▁dow nt own ▁and ▁went ▁via ▁West ▁End ▁Avenue ▁and ▁Ash by ▁Street ▁( now ▁A bern ath y ) ▁to ▁West ▁End ▁and ▁West view ▁C emetery . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Street c ars ▁in ▁Atlanta ▁Tim eline ▁of ▁mass ▁trans it ▁in ▁Atlanta ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Atlanta ' s ▁Street c ars ▁of ▁the ▁Nin ete enth ▁Century ▁( blog ) ▁ ▁Act s ▁generated ▁by ▁the ▁General ▁Assembly ▁of ▁Georgia , ▁p . 3 7 4 ▁ ▁Category : History ▁of ▁Atlanta ▁Category : Def unct ▁public ▁transport ▁operators ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Comp an ies ▁based ▁in ▁Atlanta ▁Category : R ail way ▁lines ▁in ▁Atlanta <0x0A> </s> ▁F ins w imming ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Asian ▁Ind oor ▁Games ▁was ▁held ▁in ▁M ỹ ▁ Đ ì n h ▁National ▁Aqu at ics ▁Sports ▁Complex , ▁H ano i , ▁Vietnam ▁from ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁to ▁ 2 ▁November ▁ 2 0 |
0 9 . ▁ ▁Medal ists ▁ ▁Men ▁ ▁Women ▁ ▁Medal ▁table ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Men ▁▁ 5 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 1 ▁November ▁▁ 1 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁▁ 2 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 2 ▁November ▁▁ 4 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 1 ▁November ▁▁ 8 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 2 ▁November ▁▁ 1 0 0 ▁m ▁bi - f ins ▁ 1 ▁November ▁▁ 4 ▁× ▁ 1 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 2 ▁November ▁▁ 4 ▁× ▁ 2 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁ ▁Women ▁▁ 5 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 1 ▁November ▁▁ 1 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁▁ 2 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 2 ▁November ▁▁ 4 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 1 ▁November ▁▁ 8 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁▁ 1 0 0 ▁m ▁bi - f ins ▁ 1 ▁November ▁▁ 4 ▁× ▁ 1 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁▁ 4 ▁× ▁ 2 0 0 ▁m ▁surface ▁ 2 ▁November ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁site ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁Asian ▁Ind oor ▁Games ▁events ▁Asian ▁Ind oor ▁Games ▁Category : F ins w imming ▁at ▁multi - s port ▁events <0x0A> </s> ▁P iers ▁Hand ling ▁is ▁the ▁CE O ▁and ▁executive ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Toronto ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival , ▁and ▁former ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Film ▁Institute . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁P |
iers ▁was ▁born ▁to ▁Joan ▁Gar rod ▁and ▁Douglas ▁Hand ling , ▁who ▁met ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Cal g ary , ▁but ▁raised ▁on ▁army ▁bases ▁throughout ▁Europe . ▁ ▁Hand ling ▁studied ▁philosophy ▁at ▁Queen ' s ▁University , ▁and ▁began ▁his ▁film ▁career ▁at ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Film ▁Institute . ▁He ▁would ▁eventually ▁become ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁C FI . ▁▁ ▁After ▁leaving ▁the ▁C FI , ▁he ▁taught ▁Canadian ▁cinema ▁at ▁Car leton ▁University ▁in ▁Ott awa ▁and ▁Queen ' s ▁University ▁in ▁King ston . ▁ ▁T I FF ▁ ▁Hand ling ▁joined ▁the ▁Toronto ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 , ▁replaced ▁Hel ga ▁Steph enson ▁as ▁programmer ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁and ▁became ▁CE O ▁and ▁executive ▁director ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 . ▁ ▁During ▁his ▁ten ure , ▁T I FF ▁became ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁biggest ▁film ▁festiv als ▁in ▁the ▁world , ▁with ▁its ▁own ▁permanent ▁dow nt own ▁home ▁and ▁film ▁hub ▁in ▁T I FF ▁Bell ▁Light box , ▁which ▁screens ▁films ▁and ▁holds ▁various ▁events ▁year - round . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁Hand ling ▁was ▁named ▁CE O ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁by ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Public ▁Rel ations ▁Society . ▁Hand ling ▁is ▁scheduled ▁to ▁be ▁succeeded ▁by ▁Jo ana ▁Vic ente ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Rec ogn ition ▁ ▁Che val ier ▁des ▁Arts ▁et ▁des ▁Let tres , |
▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁ ▁Honor ary ▁degrees ▁from ▁ ▁Ry erson ▁University , ▁York ▁University ▁and ▁O C AD ▁University ▁ ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁II ▁Diam ond ▁J ub ile e ▁Medal , ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁ ▁C ly de ▁Gil m our ▁Award , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁ ▁Order ▁of ▁Ontario , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁Link s ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁film ▁execut ives ▁Category : T or onto ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁people ▁Category : 1 9 4 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Ord re ▁des ▁Arts ▁et ▁des ▁Let tres ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Ontario ▁Category : L iving ▁people <0x0A> </s> ▁Mich elle ▁Hab er ▁ ▁( born ▁ 1 8 ▁October ▁ 1 9 5 6 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Australian ▁cancer ▁research er . ▁ ▁Hab er ▁is ▁an ▁Australian ▁scient ist ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁child hood ▁cancer ▁research . ▁She ▁serves ▁as ▁the ▁Executive ▁Director ▁of ▁Children ' s ▁Can cer ▁Institute ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁Professor ▁at ▁the ▁School ▁of ▁Women ’ s ▁and ▁Children ’ s ▁Health , ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales . ▁She ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁her ▁discover ies ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁chem other apy ▁resistance ▁in ▁ne uro blast oma ▁and ▁for ▁transl ating ▁these ▁discover ies ▁into ▁new ▁th era pe ut ics ▁that ▁are ▁currently ▁in ▁clin ical ▁tri als . ▁ ▁Education ▁Hab er ▁attended ▁Mount ▁Sc |
opus ▁Memorial ▁College ▁in ▁Melbourne ▁and , ▁when ▁her ▁family ▁moved ▁to ▁Sydney , ▁attended ▁Mor iah ▁College , ▁gradu ating ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁She ▁completed ▁a ▁clin ical ▁psych ology ▁degree ▁at ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁and ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁University ▁Medal . ▁She ▁obtained ▁her ▁Ph D ▁from ▁the ▁School ▁of ▁Path ology ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁- ▁her ▁th esis ▁was ▁entitled ▁Struct ural ▁analysis ▁by ▁B D - cell ul ose ▁chrom at ography ▁of ▁m amm al ian ▁DNA ▁during ▁repair , ▁rep lication ▁and ▁de grad ation . ▁She ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁Doctor ▁of ▁Science ▁honor is ▁causa ▁by ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁Career ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 2 , ▁during ▁her ▁Ph D ▁studies , ▁Hab er ▁spent ▁three ▁months ▁as ▁Vis iting ▁Research ▁Fellow ▁at ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁M ole cular ▁V iro log y ▁in ▁Had ass ah ▁Medical ▁Centre , ▁Heb rew ▁University ▁of ▁Jerusalem . ▁Her ▁first ▁post do ctor al ▁position ▁was ▁as ▁at ▁Children ’ s ▁Le uka emia ▁and ▁Can cer ▁Research ▁Unit , ▁a ▁prec ursor ▁to ▁Children ' s ▁Can cer ▁Institute ▁then ▁located ▁at ▁the ▁Prince ▁of ▁Wales ▁Children ’ s ▁Hospital , ▁Rand wick . ▁Having ▁joined ▁as ▁a ▁Staff ▁Scient ist ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 , ▁she ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁Senior ▁Research ▁Fellow ▁in ▁ 1 9 |
9 2 , ▁Princi pal ▁Research ▁Fellow ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁Director ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁and ▁Executive ▁Director ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁Hab er ▁also ▁holds ▁a ▁con joint ▁appointment ▁as ▁Professor ▁in ▁the ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Medicine ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales . ▁ ▁Under ▁her ▁leadership ▁Children ' s ▁Can cer ▁Institute , ▁now ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁U NS W ▁L owy ▁Can cer ▁Research ▁Centre , ▁has ▁triple d ▁in ▁size ▁and ▁grown ▁from ▁a ▁little ▁known ▁group ▁to ▁become ▁the ▁largest ▁children ’ s ▁cancer ▁research ▁facility ▁in ▁the ▁region . ▁ ▁Research ▁Hab er ’ s ▁early ▁studies ▁were ▁amongst ▁the ▁first ▁character izing ▁the ▁complex ▁mole cular ▁mechan isms ▁underlying ▁ther apy - related ▁drug ▁resistance . ▁ ▁With ▁her ▁collabor ators , ▁she ▁identified ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁high ▁expression ▁of ▁mult id rug ▁trans porter ▁gene ▁MR P 1 , ▁and ▁the ▁m align ant ▁phen ot ype ▁of ▁ne uro blast oma ▁and ▁poor ▁clin ical ▁outcome . ▁These ▁studies ▁provided ▁the ▁first ▁definit ive ▁demonstr ation ▁of ▁clin ical ▁relev ance ▁of ▁the ▁MR P 1 ▁gene ▁in ▁solid ▁tum ours , ▁resulting ▁in ▁a ▁large ▁international ▁clin ical ▁study ▁which ▁confirmed ▁the ▁independent ▁pro gn ost ic ▁significance ▁of ▁MR P 1 ▁expression ▁in ▁ne uro blast oma ▁and ▁established ▁MR P 1 ▁in hib ition ▁as ▁a ▁potential ▁new ▁treatment ▁for ▁this ▁disease . ▁ ▁By ▁high - through put ▁chemical |
▁screen ing ▁of ▁small ▁mole c ule ▁libraries , ▁Hab er ▁and ▁her ▁colle agues ▁have ▁also ▁developed ▁novel ▁MR P 1 ▁in hib itors ▁and ▁pat ented ▁and ▁lic ensed ▁the ▁comp ounds ▁for ▁the ▁treatment ▁of ▁ne uro blast oma ▁and ▁other ▁MR P 1 - associ ated ▁m align an cies . ▁This ▁led ▁to ▁a ▁$ 3 . 1 M ▁award ▁from ▁the ▁Australian ▁Can cer ▁Research ▁Foundation ▁to ▁establish ▁a ▁D rug ▁Disc overy ▁Centre ▁for ▁Child hood ▁Can cer ▁in ▁the ▁U NS W ▁L owy ▁Can cer ▁Research ▁Centre , ▁which ▁is ▁currently ▁developing ▁a ▁pipeline ▁of ▁potential ▁new ▁dru gs ▁for ▁tre ating ▁child hood ▁and ▁adult ▁m align an cies . ▁ ▁Hab er ▁and ▁her ▁collabor ators ▁have ▁also ▁identified ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁ATP - binding ▁c ass ette ▁trans porter ▁gen es ▁( ABC ▁trans por ters ) ▁in ▁ne uro blast oma ▁bi ology , ▁demonstr ating ▁that ▁their ▁expression ▁predict s ▁for ▁poor ▁clin ical ▁outcome ▁in ▁ne uro blast oma ▁but , ▁unexpected ly , ▁this ▁phenomen on ▁was ▁not ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁ABC ▁prote ins ’ ▁role ▁in ▁drug ▁transport , ▁but ▁through ▁an ▁independent ▁path way ▁that ▁influ ences ▁fundamental ▁aspects ▁of ▁tum our ▁bi ology . ▁A ▁further ▁study ▁on ▁o var ian ▁cancer ▁and ▁ABC A 1 ▁has ▁extended ▁the ▁discovery ▁to ▁common ▁adult ▁can cers . ▁ ▁Service ▁to ▁the ▁scientific ▁community ▁Hab er ▁is ▁a ▁long - term ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁Ne |
uro blast oma ▁R isk ▁Group ▁Committee , ▁which ▁makes ▁recommend ations ▁regarding ▁standard ised ▁protocol s ▁and ▁best ▁practice ▁for ▁ident ifying / util ising ▁pro gn ost ic ▁indic ators ▁for ▁ne uro blast oma ▁treatment ▁risk ▁assess ment . ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁Hab er ▁has ▁served ▁on ▁the ▁ste ering ▁committee ▁of ▁the ▁Adv ances ▁in ▁Ne uro blast oma ▁Research ▁Association ▁( AN RA ), ▁the ▁peak ▁international ▁body ▁for ▁ne uro blast oma ▁research ▁and ▁was ▁President ▁of ▁this ▁organisation ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁Hab er ▁also ▁played ▁a ▁key ▁role ▁in ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁K ids ▁Can cer ▁Alliance ▁and ▁currently ▁serves ▁on ▁this ▁organization ' s ▁executive ▁management ▁committee . ▁Hab er ▁is ▁conven or ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Adv ances ▁in ▁Ne uro blast oma ▁Research ▁conference ▁( C air ns , ▁Australia ), ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁special ist ▁child hood ▁cancer ▁con ferences ▁intern ation ally . ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁hon ours ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Hab er ▁was ▁appointed ▁a ▁Member ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Australia ▁( AM ) ▁for ▁service ▁to ▁science ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁child hood ▁cancer , ▁to ▁scientific ▁education , ▁and ▁to ▁the ▁community ▁and ▁she ▁was ▁also ▁named ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁Australia ’ s ▁ 2 5 ▁‘ True ▁Le aders ’ ▁by ▁Fin an |
cial ▁Review ’ s ▁B oss ▁Magazine . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁Hab er ▁was ▁awarded ▁D Sc ▁( H on oris ▁C aus a ) ▁by ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁for ▁em inent ▁service ▁to ▁the ▁cancer ▁research ▁community . ▁She ▁has ▁received ▁numerous ▁awards ▁for ▁research ▁excell ence , ▁including ▁the ▁NS W ▁Science ▁& ▁Engineering ▁Award ▁for ▁Bi omed ical ▁Sciences ▁( 2 0 1 1 ), ▁and ▁in ▁that ▁same ▁year ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁four ▁NS W ▁final ists ▁for ▁Australian ▁of ▁the ▁Year . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Hab er ▁( with ▁her ▁long - time ▁collabor ators ▁Nor ris ▁and ▁Marshall ) ▁received ▁the ▁Can cer ▁Institute ▁NS W ▁Premier ’ s ▁Award ▁for ▁Ex cell ence ▁in ▁Trans l ational ▁Can cer ▁Research ▁and ▁was ▁also ▁highlight ed ▁with ▁a ▁National ▁Health ▁and ▁Medical ▁Research ▁Council ▁ ▁( N H M RC ) ▁Ten ▁of ▁the ▁Best ▁Award . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁she ▁was ▁show c ased , ▁again ▁with ▁Nor ris ▁and ▁Marshall , ▁in ▁an ▁article ▁in ▁the ▁Lanc et . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁she ▁was ▁a ▁final ist ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Australian ▁Museum ▁E ure ka ▁Prize ▁for ▁Medical ▁Research ▁Trans lation , ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁received ▁the ▁NS W ▁Premier ' s ▁Award ▁for ▁Out standing ▁Can cer ▁Research er ▁of ▁the ▁Year . ▁Hab er ▁was ▁elected ▁a ▁Fellow |
▁of ▁the ▁newly ▁formed ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of ▁Health ▁and ▁Medical ▁Sciences ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Austral ian ▁on colog ists ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁al umn i ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁gr ants / f ellow ships ▁from ▁the ▁National ▁Health ▁and ▁Medical ▁Research ▁Council ▁( N H M RC ) ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁fac ulty ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Liverpool ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁Mor iah ▁College ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of ▁Health ▁and ▁Medical ▁Sciences ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Australia ▁Category : B rit ish ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁Jar vis ville ▁is ▁an ▁un in cor por ated ▁community ▁in ▁Harrison ▁County , ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁state ▁of ▁West ▁Virginia . ▁ ▁History ▁A ▁post ▁office ▁called ▁Jar vis ville ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 1 , ▁and ▁remained ▁in ▁operation ▁until ▁ 1 9 0 9 . ▁The ▁community ▁was ▁named ▁after ▁Charles ▁Jar vis , ▁who ▁was ▁cred ited ▁with ▁se cur ing ▁a ▁post ▁office ▁for ▁the ▁town . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Un in cor por ated ▁communities ▁in ▁Harrison ▁County , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Category : Un in cor por ated ▁communities ▁in ▁West ▁Virginia <0x0A> </s> ▁Mar up ing ▁D ib |
ot elo ▁is ▁the ▁chief ▁justice ▁of ▁B ots w ana . ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁in ▁Th am aga ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : B ots w ana ▁jud ges <0x0A> </s> ▁L oph arch a ▁rap ax ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁moth ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁T ort ric idae . ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁Sri ▁L anka . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M oth s ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁Category : L oph arch a <0x0A> </s> ▁Den is ▁Constantin ▁Dum it ra ș cu ▁( born ▁ 2 7 ▁April ▁ 1 9 9 5 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Roman ian ▁professional ▁footballer ▁who ▁plays ▁as ▁a ▁def ender ▁for ▁Ch ind ia ▁T â rg ovi ște . ▁Born ▁in ▁R â m nic u ▁V â l ce a , ▁Dum it ra ș cu ▁started ▁his ▁career ▁at ▁the ▁local ▁team , ▁C SM ▁R â m nic u ▁V â l ce a ▁for ▁which ▁played ▁ 5 0 ▁matches ▁and ▁scored ▁ 1 ▁goal ▁in ▁ 3 ▁and ▁a ▁half ▁seasons ▁of ▁Liga ▁II . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁Ch ind ia ▁T â rg ovi ște ▁Liga ▁II : ▁ 2 0 1 8 – 1 9 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people |
▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁R â m nic u ▁V â l ce a ▁Category : R oman ian ▁football ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁def enders ▁Category : R oman ia ▁youth ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : L iga ▁II ▁players ▁Category : SC M ▁R â m nic u ▁V â l ce a ▁players ▁Category : AF C ▁Ch ind ia ▁T â rg ovi ște ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁Italian ▁television ▁related ▁events ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁ ▁Events ▁ 6 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁- ▁Olympic ▁silver ▁medal ▁long ▁j um per ▁F iona ▁May ▁and ▁her ▁partner ▁Ra im ondo ▁Tod aro ▁win ▁the ▁third ▁season ▁of ▁Ball ando ▁con ▁le ▁st elle . ▁ 1 9 ▁April ▁- ▁Mil o ▁Cor etti ▁wins ▁the ▁sevent h ▁season ▁of ▁Grande ▁F rat ello . ▁ 2 3 ▁November ▁- ▁Act ress ▁and ▁show g irl ▁Maria ▁El ena ▁V and one ▁and ▁her ▁partner ▁Samuel ▁Per on ▁win ▁the ▁fourth ▁season ▁of ▁Ball ando ▁con ▁le ▁st elle . ▁ ▁Deb uts ▁ ▁Television ▁shows ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁Grande ▁F rat ello ▁( 2 0 0 0 – present ) ▁Ball ando ▁con ▁le ▁st elle ▁( 2 0 0 5 – present ) ▁ ▁End ing ▁this ▁year ▁ ▁B irth s ▁ ▁Death s ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁Italian ▁films ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 7 <0x0A> </s> ▁Pro |
t og am as ello ps is ▁gran ulos us ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁m ite ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Rh od ac ar idae . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : A ra chn ids ▁Category : Art icles ▁created ▁by ▁Q bug bot ▁Category : Anim als ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 <0x0A> </s> ▁Pro b ata ▁bar bad ensis ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁sea ▁sn ail , ▁a ▁marine ▁g ast rop od ▁m oll usk ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Mit r idae , ▁the ▁mit ers ▁or ▁mit er ▁sn ails . ▁ ▁Description ▁ ▁Distribution ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M it r idae ▁Category : G ast rop ods ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Fl umps ▁is ▁a ▁children ' s ▁programme , ▁created ▁and ▁written ▁by ▁Jul ie ▁H older , ▁and ▁produced ▁for ▁the ▁BBC ▁by ▁David ▁Y ates . ▁It ▁was ▁broadcast ▁by ▁the ▁BBC ▁many ▁times ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁ ▁Over view ▁The ▁plot ▁revol ved ▁around ▁the ▁various ▁advent ures ▁of ▁a ▁family ▁of ▁fur ry ▁characters ▁called ▁The ▁Fl umps . ▁It ▁was ▁created ▁and ▁written ▁by ▁Jul ie ▁H older ▁and ▁narr ated ▁by ▁Gay ▁S oper . ▁The ▁theme ▁t une ▁was ▁played ▁by ▁George ▁Ch ish ol m ▁on ▁the ▁trom bone . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 8 , ▁the ▁BBC ▁released ▁a ▁record , ▁The ▁Fl umps ▁( RE C ▁ |
3 0 9 ), ▁that ▁had ▁ 4 ▁stories ▁from ▁the ▁TV ▁series ▁narr ated ▁and ▁s ung ▁by ▁Gay ▁S oper : ▁" Ke ep ▁F it ", ▁" Bal lo ons ", ▁" M oon ▁Sh ot " ▁and ▁" Something ▁D ifferent ". ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁The ▁Fl umps ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁DVD . ▁During ▁early ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁the ▁theme ▁t une ▁was ▁used ▁in ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁ad ver ts ▁for ▁Auto ▁Tr ader ▁magazine ▁in ▁the ▁UK . ▁These ▁ad ver ts ▁were ▁run ▁again ▁in ▁Q 3 ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁Char acters ▁The ▁various ▁fl umps ▁were : ▁Grand pa ▁Fl ump , ▁who ▁played ▁a ▁Fl ump et ▁( a ▁type ▁of ▁tr ump et ), ▁Father ▁Fl ump , ▁a ▁keen ▁gard ener ▁Mother ▁Fl ump , ▁often ▁seen ▁cook ing ▁in ▁the ▁kitchen ▁Pos ie , ▁a ▁girl ▁Fl ump ▁Per kin , ▁a ▁boy ▁Fl ump ▁P oot le , ▁the ▁to dd ler ▁Fl ump ▁ ▁E pisode ▁listing ▁ ▁" Sec rets " ▁ ▁" The ▁Cloud " ▁ ▁" The ▁Mag net " ▁ ▁" Get ▁Your ▁Sk ates ▁On " ▁ ▁" M oon ▁Sh ot " ▁ ▁" Bal lo ons " ▁ ▁" Ke ep ▁F it " ▁ ▁" Something ▁D ifferent " ▁ ▁" L end ▁A ▁Hand " ▁ ▁" Q ui et ▁Please " ▁ ▁" Gr and father ' |
s ▁B irth day " ▁ ▁" What ▁A ▁Car rot " ▁ ▁" Where ' s ▁Grand father ?" ▁ ▁Sch ed uling ▁ ▁The ▁Fl umps ▁was ▁shown ▁ 2 1 ▁times ▁between ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁usually ▁around ▁ 1 . 4 5 pm , ▁and ▁usually ▁on ▁BBC 1 . ▁The ▁transmission ▁runs ▁were ▁as ▁follows : ▁▁▁ 1 4 ▁February ▁– ▁ 9 ▁May ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁( M ond ays ) ▁▁ 5 ▁October ▁– ▁ 2 8 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁( W ed nes days ) ▁▁ 2 ▁April ▁– ▁ 2 5 ▁June ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁( S und ays ) ▁▁ 2 ▁October ▁– ▁ 2 5 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁( M ond ays ) ▁▁ 3 ▁April ▁– ▁ 2 6 ▁June ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁( T ues days ) ▁▁ 4 ▁October ▁– ▁ 2 7 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁( Th urs days ) ▁▁ 1 ▁April ▁– ▁ 2 4 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁( T ues days ) ▁▁ 2 8 ▁September ▁– ▁ 2 1 ▁December ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁( S und ays ) ▁▁ 7 ▁April ▁– ▁ 3 0 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁( T ues days ) ▁▁ 9 ▁October ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁– ▁ 1 ▁January ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁( F rid |
ays ) ▁▁ 6 ▁April ▁– ▁ 2 9 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁( T ues days ) ▁▁▁ 3 ▁October ▁– ▁ 2 6 ▁December ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁( S und ays ) ▁▁ 6 ▁April ▁– ▁ 2 9 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁( W ed nes days ) ▁▁ 9 ▁January ▁– ▁ 2 6 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁( M ond ays ) ▁▁ 6 ▁July ▁– ▁ 2 8 ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁( F rid ays ) ▁▁ 3 0 ▁December ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁– ▁ 2 4 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁( S und ays ) ▁▁ 5 ▁July ▁– ▁ 2 7 ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁( F rid ays ) ▁▁ 3 1 ▁March ▁– ▁ 2 3 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁( M ond ays ) ▁▁ 8 ▁January ▁– ▁ 2 ▁April ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁( Th urs days ) ▁▁ 8 ▁July ▁– ▁ 3 0 ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁( W ed nes days ) ▁on ▁BBC 2 ▁▁ 2 0 ▁April ▁– ▁ 1 3 ▁July ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁( W ed nes days ) ▁on ▁BBC 2 ▁ ▁Foot notes ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Fe atures ▁a ▁chapter ▁on ▁the ▁series ▁and ▁an ▁interview ▁with ▁voice - over ▁actress ▁Gay ▁S oper . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 7 ▁British ▁television |
▁series ▁deb uts ▁Category : 1 9 7 7 ▁British ▁television ▁series ▁end ings ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁British ▁children ' s ▁television ▁series ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁British ▁animated ▁television ▁series ▁Fl umps , ▁The ▁Category : B rit ish ▁children ' s ▁animated ▁television ▁program mes ▁Category : English - language ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : F ict ional ▁species ▁and ▁races ▁Category : B rit ish ▁stop - m otion ▁animated ▁television ▁series ▁Fl umps , ▁The <0x0A> </s> ▁B PM ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁Be ats ▁per ▁minute ▁( heart ▁rate ), ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁heart be ats ▁detected ▁during ▁one ▁minute ▁ ▁Be ats ▁per ▁minute , ▁a ▁measurement ▁of ▁tempo ▁in ▁music ▁ ▁Business ▁ ▁Ban ca ▁Pop olare ▁di ▁Mant ova , ▁an ▁def unct ▁Italian ▁bank , ▁a ▁subs idi ary ▁of ▁Ban ca ▁Pop olare ▁di ▁Milano ▁ ▁Ban ca ▁Pop olare ▁di ▁Milano , ▁an ▁Italian ▁bank ▁ ▁Ban co ▁B PM , ▁an ▁Italian ▁bank ing ▁group ▁ ▁Bank ▁P ert an ian ▁Malays ia , ▁a ▁financial ▁institution ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁ ▁Ban que ▁Pop ulaire ▁Mar oco ▁Cent ra frica ine , ▁a ▁major ▁bank ▁in ▁the ▁Central ▁African ▁Republic ▁ ▁B ata af se ▁Pet role um ▁Ma at sch app ij , ▁a ▁Dutch ▁oil ▁company ▁ ▁Be ard more ▁P rec ision ▁Motor cy cles , ▁a ▁British ▁motor cycle ▁manufact urer ▁ ▁Business ▁performance ▁management ▁ ▁Business ▁process ▁management ▁ |
▁Business ▁process ▁model ing ▁ ▁Entertainment ▁ ▁B PM ▁( band ), ▁an ▁American ▁band ▁ ▁B PM ▁( Be ats ▁per ▁Min ute ), ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁French ▁film ▁ ▁B PM ▁( mag azine ), ▁an ▁American ▁magazine ▁ ▁B PM ▁( S iri us ▁X M ), ▁a ▁satellite ▁radio ▁channel ▁ ▁Be ats ▁Per ▁Min ute ▁( website ) ▁ ▁Technology ▁ ▁B PM ▁( time ▁service ), ▁a ▁short - wave ▁time ▁service ▁of ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁ ▁Be am ▁propag ation ▁method , ▁a ▁numerical ▁tool ▁for ▁elect romagnet ic ▁analysis ▁ ▁Bit - pattern ed ▁media , ▁a ▁potential ▁future ▁hard ▁disk ▁drive ▁technology ▁to ▁record ▁data ▁in ▁magnetic ▁islands ▁ ▁Bruce ▁Pro per ▁Mot ion ▁Survey , ▁a ▁star ▁catalog ue ▁ ▁Business ▁process ▁management , ▁a ▁discipline ▁in ▁operations ▁management ▁ ▁Other ▁ ▁Ban ff ▁Park ▁Museum ▁ ▁B eta ▁Ph i ▁Mu , ▁international ▁honor ▁society ▁for ▁library ▁science ▁and ▁information ▁technology ▁ ▁Border ▁Person nel ▁Me eting <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Sec rets ▁of ▁Paris ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁American ▁silent ▁drama ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Kenneth ▁S . ▁Web b ▁and ▁st arring ▁Lew ▁C ody , ▁Glad ys ▁Hu lette , ▁and ▁E ff ie ▁Sh annon . ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁ ▁Lew ▁C ody ▁as ▁King ▁Rud olph ▁▁ ▁Glad ys ▁Hu lette ▁as ▁May flow er ▁▁ ▁E ff ie ▁Sh annon ▁as ▁Madame ▁Ferr and ▁▁ ▁Mont agu ▁Love ▁as |
▁The ▁School master ▁▁ ▁Harry ▁S oth ern ▁as ▁Ho ppy ▁▁ ▁Rose ▁C og hl an ▁as ▁O w l ▁▁ ▁William ▁Col lier ▁Jr . ▁as ▁François ▁▁ ▁J . ▁Bar ney ▁Sher ry ▁as ▁Chan cell or ▁▁ ▁Dol ores ▁Cass in elli ▁as ▁L ola ▁▁ ▁Brad ley ▁B ark er ▁as ▁The ▁H ind oo ▁▁ ▁Walter ▁James ▁as ▁The ▁Str ang ler ▁▁ ▁Jane ▁Thomas ▁as ▁Mar got ▁ ▁Pres ervation ▁No ▁copies ▁of ▁The ▁Sec rets ▁of ▁Paris ▁are ▁listed ▁for ▁any ▁arch ives , ▁making ▁this ▁a ▁lost ▁film . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁M unden , ▁Kenneth ▁White . ▁The ▁American ▁Film ▁Institute ▁Catalog ▁of ▁Mot ion ▁Pictures ▁Produ ced ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁Part ▁ 1 . ▁University ▁of ▁California ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 2 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 2 2 ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films ▁Category : American ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Kenneth ▁Web b ▁Category : American ▁silent ▁feature ▁films ▁Category : English - language ▁films ▁Category : American ▁black - and - white ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁Paris <0x0A> </s> ▁Do ing ▁It ▁In ▁Lag os : ▁Bo og ie , ▁Pop ▁& ▁Dis co ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁Lag os ▁is ▁a ▁compilation ▁album ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁by ▁Sound way ▁Records . ▁It ▁collect s ▁Niger ian |
▁pop ▁and ▁club ▁culture ▁tracks ▁released ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁through ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁Though ▁af ro be at , ▁led ▁by ▁artists ▁like ▁F ela ▁K uti , ▁domin ated ▁Niger ian ▁music ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁Do ing ▁It ▁In ▁Lag os ▁chron icles ▁Niger ian ▁music ' s ▁move ▁away ▁from ▁the ▁af ro cent ric ▁style ▁of ▁af ro be at ▁and ▁toward ▁more ▁American ▁forms ▁of ▁pop ▁music ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁tracks ▁are ▁rare ▁and , ▁prior ▁to ▁this ▁album ' s ▁release , ▁were ▁sold ▁for ▁high ▁prices ▁in ▁online ▁au ctions . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : Music ▁in ▁Lag os <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁co pp ery - head ed ▁emer ald ▁( El vi ra ▁cup re ice ps ) ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁hum ming bird ▁en demic ▁to ▁Costa ▁Rica . ▁It ▁measures ▁a ▁mere ▁ ▁in ▁length , ▁and ▁we igh s ▁only ▁. ▁The ▁male ▁has ▁distinct ive ▁co pp ery ▁crown ▁and ▁r ump ▁with ▁a ▁whole ▁green ▁bel ly ▁and ▁white ▁vent . ▁The ▁female ▁has ▁a ▁white ▁bel ly ▁and ▁a ▁narrow ▁black ▁sub term inal ▁band ▁on ▁white ▁outer ▁rect rices ▁of ▁the ▁tail . ▁Its ▁notice ably ▁dec ur ved ▁bill ▁sets ▁it ▁apart ▁from ▁similar ▁the ▁al lop at ric ▁white |
- ta iled ▁emer ald . ▁ ▁This ▁species ▁is ▁fairly ▁common ▁at ▁middle ▁elev ations ▁on ▁Car ib bean ▁Slo pe , ▁south ▁to ▁Re vent azon ▁River ; ▁from ▁. ▁Also ▁it ▁is ▁fairly ▁common ▁on ▁Pacific ▁slope ▁of ▁Gu an ac aste ▁and ▁T ilar án ▁Cord iller as ; ▁from ▁. ▁ ▁Like ▁all ▁hum ming bird s , ▁the ▁co pp ery - head ed ▁emer ald ▁fe eds ▁on ▁ne ct ar ▁and ▁small ▁in verte br ates . ▁Because ▁its ▁bill ▁is ▁short , ▁it ▁for ages ▁at ▁small ▁flowers , ▁including ▁those ▁in ▁the ▁gener a ▁Bes ler ia , ▁Cav end ish ia , ▁Cl us ia , ▁Gu area , ▁Pit he cel lob ium , ▁Qu ar ar ib ea ▁and ▁S aty ria . ▁It ▁fe eds ▁at ▁all ▁levels ▁in ▁m ature ▁wet ▁mont ane ▁forest ▁and ▁forest ▁edges . ▁ ▁M ales ▁form ▁small ▁le ks ▁at ▁middle ▁levels ▁of ▁forest ▁edges . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁co pp ery - head ed ▁emer ald ▁Category : B ird s ▁of ▁the ▁Tal aman can ▁mont ane ▁for ests ▁Category : B ird s ▁of ▁Costa ▁Rica ▁Category : End em ic ▁fa una ▁of ▁Costa ▁Rica ▁co pp ery - head ed ▁emer ald ▁co pp ery - head ed ▁emer ald <0x0A> </s> ▁(- )- alpha - cu pr en ene ▁synth ase ▁( , ▁Cop 6 ) ▁is ▁an ▁en zym e ▁with ▁system |
atic ▁name ▁(- )- alpha - cu pr en ene ▁hyd rol ase ▁( cy cl izing , ▁(- )- alpha - cu pr en ene - form ing ). ▁This ▁en zym e ▁catal ys es ▁the ▁following ▁chemical ▁reaction ▁▁ ▁( 2 E , 6 E )- f arn es yl ▁di ph osph ate ▁ ▁(- )- alpha - cu pr en ene ▁+ ▁di ph osph ate ▁ ▁The ▁en zym e ▁from ▁the ▁fung us ▁Cop rin opsis ▁cin erea ▁produces ▁(- )- alpha - cu pr en ene ▁with ▁high ▁select ivity . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : EC ▁ 4 . 2 . 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁the ▁eth m oid ▁b one , ▁a ▁sick le ▁sh aped ▁projection , ▁the ▁un cin ate ▁process , ▁projects ▁post ero in fer ior ly ▁from ▁the ▁eth m oid ▁lab yr inth . ▁Between ▁the ▁posterior ▁edge ▁of ▁this ▁process ▁and ▁the ▁anterior ▁surface ▁of ▁the ▁eth m oid ▁bul la , ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁two - dimensional ▁space , ▁res emb ling ▁a ▁cres cent ▁shape . ▁This ▁space ▁continues ▁later ally ▁as ▁a ▁three - dimensional ▁sl it - like ▁space ▁- ▁the ▁eth m oid al ▁inf und ib ul um . ▁This ▁is ▁bounded ▁by ▁the ▁un cin ate ▁process , ▁med ial ly , ▁the ▁orb ital ▁l am ina ▁of ▁eth m oid ▁b one ▁( lam ina ▁pap y race a ), ▁later ally , ▁and |
▁the ▁eth m oid al ▁bul la , ▁post eros uper ior ly . ▁This ▁concept ▁is ▁easier ▁to ▁understand ▁if ▁one ▁imagine ▁the ▁inf und ib ul um ▁as ▁a ▁pr ism ▁so ▁that ▁its ▁med ial ▁face ▁is ▁the ▁hi atus ▁sem il un aris . ▁The ▁" l ater al ▁face " ▁of ▁this ▁inf und ib ul um ▁contains ▁the ▁ost ium ▁of ▁the ▁max ill ary ▁sin us , ▁which , ▁therefore , ▁opens ▁into ▁the ▁inf und ib ul um . ▁ ▁Vari ations ▁ ▁The ▁un cin ate ▁process ▁can ▁be ▁attached ▁to ▁either ▁the ▁later al ▁nas al ▁wall , ▁on ▁the ▁l am ina ▁pap y race a ▁( 5 0 % ), ▁the ▁anterior ▁c ran ial ▁f ossa , ▁on ▁the ▁eth m oid al ▁roof ▁( 2 5 % ), ▁or ▁the ▁middle ▁con cha ▁( 2 5 %). ▁The ▁superior ▁attachment ▁of ▁the ▁un cin ate ▁process ▁determ ines ▁the ▁d rain age ▁pattern ▁of ▁the ▁front al ▁sin us . ▁In ▁the ▁first ▁case , ▁the ▁inf und ib ul um ▁and ▁the ▁front al ▁re cess ▁are ▁separated ▁from ▁each ▁other , ▁forcing ▁the ▁front al ▁sin us ▁to ▁d rain ▁directly ▁into ▁the ▁middle ▁me atus ▁and ▁not ▁into ▁the ▁eth m oid al ▁inf und ib ul um . ▁With ▁the ▁other ▁configurations , ▁the ▁sin us ▁will ▁d rain , ▁first ly , ▁into ▁the ▁inf und ib ul um . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁G |
., ▁Ar un ▁et ▁al li ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁- ▁An atom ical ▁variations ▁in ▁superior ▁attachment ▁of ▁un cin ate ▁process ▁and ▁local ization ▁of ▁front al ▁sin us ▁out flow ▁tract . ▁International ▁Journal ▁of ▁O tor hin ol ary ng ology ▁and ▁Head ▁and ▁Ne ck ▁S urg ery , ▁ 3 ( 2 ): 1 7 6 - 1 7 9 ▁ ▁P . S ., ▁He ch l ▁et ▁al li ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁- ▁The ▁hi atus ▁sem il un aris ▁and ▁inf und ib ul um . ▁End os cop ic ▁An atom y ▁of ▁the ▁Par anas al ▁Sin uses . ▁Springer , ▁Vienna ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁- ▁" The ▁b ones ▁of ▁the ▁later al ▁nas al ▁wall ." ▁ ▁Category : B ones ▁of ▁the ▁head ▁and ▁neck <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Mc Ke and ▁" I an " ▁Mc Ne ill ▁( 2 4 ▁February ▁ 1 9 3 2 ▁– ▁ 6 ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 7 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Scottish ▁professional ▁footballer ▁and ▁manager . ▁Play ing ▁at ▁inside ▁forward , ▁Mc Ne ill ▁started ▁his ▁career ▁at ▁Aber de en , ▁making ▁his ▁first ▁team ▁debut ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 5 1 . ▁Mc Ne ill ▁moved ▁to ▁England ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁and ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁Le ic ester ▁City , ▁Bright on ▁& ▁H ove ▁Alb ion ▁and ▁South end ▁United . ▁He ▁returned |
▁to ▁Scotland ▁to ▁join ▁Ross ▁County , ▁then ▁a ▁High land ▁League ▁club , ▁initially ▁as ▁a ▁player ▁before ▁taking ▁over ▁as ▁manager ▁the ▁following ▁season . ▁He ▁led ▁the ▁club ▁to ▁their ▁first ▁ever ▁High land ▁League ▁Championship ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 7 . ▁ ▁He ▁then ▁became ▁manager ▁of ▁W igan ▁Athlet ic , ▁then ▁a ▁Northern ▁Premier ▁League ▁club , ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁Mc Ne ill ▁then ▁managed ▁Sal is bury ▁in ▁the ▁Southern ▁League , ▁before ▁returning ▁for ▁a ▁second ▁spell ▁at ▁Ross ▁County ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 1 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁he ▁rejo ined ▁W igan ▁Athlet ic , ▁and ▁led ▁the ▁club ▁into ▁the ▁Football ▁League ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁he ▁became ▁assistant ▁manager ▁to ▁John ▁Ne al ▁at ▁Ch else a . ▁When ▁Ne al ▁was ▁s idel ined ▁with ▁ill - he alth ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 4 – 8 5 ▁season , ▁Mc Ne ill ▁also ▁took ▁temporary ▁charge ▁of ▁first ▁team ▁affairs . ▁ ▁He ▁returned ▁to ▁management ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁this ▁time ▁with ▁Sh rew s bury ▁Town ▁and ▁remained ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁After ▁this ▁he ▁became ▁assistant ▁manager ▁to ▁Bruce ▁Rio ch ▁at ▁Mill wall , ▁and ▁later ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁sc out ▁for ▁Bol ton ▁W ander ers , ▁Le eds ▁United , ▁Nor wich ▁City , ▁W igan ▁Athlet ic |
▁and ▁Ch else a . ▁He ▁retired ▁from ▁the ▁sport ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁and ▁returned ▁to ▁Scotland . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁Mc Ne ill ▁was ▁born ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁February ▁ 1 9 3 2 , ▁and ▁grew ▁up ▁in ▁the ▁Ba ill iest on ▁area ▁of ▁Glasgow . ▁He ▁was ▁sc out ed ▁by ▁Aber de en ▁whilst ▁playing ▁for ▁Junior ▁side ▁Br idget on ▁W aver ley ▁and ▁the ▁Scotland ▁under - 1 8 ▁youth ▁team , ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁club ▁as ▁a ▁part - time ▁player ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁while ▁continu ing ▁his ▁app rent ices hip ▁as ▁a ▁dra ug ht s man . ▁He ▁made ▁his ▁first ▁team ▁debut ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 5 1 ▁against ▁St ▁Mir ren , ▁scoring ▁his ▁first ▁goal ▁for ▁the ▁club ▁within ▁ten ▁minutes ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 – 1 ▁draw . ▁His ▁playing ▁career ▁at ▁Aber de en ▁was ▁interrupted ▁by ▁National ▁Service , ▁which ▁he ▁spent ▁in ▁Ken ya ▁for ▁ 1 8 ▁months ▁before ▁returning ▁to ▁the ▁club ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 5 . ▁He ▁strugg led ▁to ▁break ▁into ▁the ▁first ▁team , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁England ▁to ▁join ▁Le ic ester ▁City . ▁ ▁He ▁scored ▁ 1 8 ▁goals ▁in ▁his ▁first ▁full ▁season ▁at ▁Le ic ester , ▁helping ▁the ▁club ▁win ▁promotion ▁to ▁the ▁First ▁Division . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 7 – 5 8 , |
▁Mc Ne ill ▁scored ▁the ▁only ▁goal ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 – 0 ▁win ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁game ▁of ▁the ▁season ▁against ▁B irmingham ▁City , ▁ens uring ▁the ▁club ▁avoided ▁re leg ation . ▁He ▁made ▁ 7 2 ▁appearances ▁for ▁the ▁club ▁before ▁joining ▁Bright on ▁& ▁H ove ▁Alb ion ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 9 . ▁He ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁South end ▁United ▁before ▁finishing ▁his ▁playing ▁career ▁in ▁Scotland ▁with ▁High land ▁League ▁side ▁Ross ▁County . ▁ ▁Co aching ▁career ▁Mc Ne ill ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁manager ▁at ▁Ross ▁County ▁while ▁still ▁playing ▁for ▁the ▁club , ▁and ▁managed ▁the ▁team ▁when ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁High land ▁League ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 7 . ▁He ▁then ▁had ▁a ▁couple ▁of ▁sp ells ▁with ▁English ▁non - le ague ▁clubs , ▁first ▁with ▁Northern ▁Premier ▁League ▁side ▁W igan ▁Athlet ic , ▁followed ▁by ▁Sal is bury ▁in ▁the ▁Southern ▁League . ▁He ▁returned ▁to ▁Ross ▁County ▁before ▁re - jo ining ▁W igan ▁Athlet ic ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 8 , ▁he ▁took ▁W igan ▁to ▁the ▁Football ▁League ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁after ▁the ▁club ▁were ▁elected ▁to ▁replace ▁South port . ▁The ▁club ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁finish ▁in ▁the ▁top ▁six ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁two ▁seasons ▁in ▁the ▁Four th ▁Division . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁he ▁joined ▁Ch else a ▁as ▁assistant ▁manager ▁to |
▁former ▁South end ▁United ▁team mate ▁John ▁Ne al . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 7 ▁death s ▁Category : Foot ball ers ▁from ▁Glasgow ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Ba ill iest on ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁football ers ▁Category : Sc ot land ▁youth ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁Junior ▁Football ▁Association ▁players ▁Category : B rid get on ▁W aver ley ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : A ber de en ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : B right on ▁& ▁H ove ▁Alb ion ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Le ic ester ▁City ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁Football ▁League ▁players ▁Category : English ▁Football ▁League ▁players ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁football ▁man agers ▁Category : Sh rew s bury ▁Town ▁F . C . ▁man agers ▁Category : S outh end ▁United ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : W igan ▁Athlet ic ▁F . C . ▁man agers ▁Category : Ch else a ▁F . C . ▁non - play ing ▁staff ▁Category : Mill wall ▁F . C . ▁non - play ing ▁staff ▁Category : B ol ton ▁W ander ers ▁F . C . ▁non - play ing ▁staff ▁Category : R oss ▁County ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : R oss ▁County ▁F . C . ▁man agers ▁Category : Le eds ▁United ▁F |
. C . ▁non - play ing ▁staff ▁Category : N or wich ▁City ▁F . C . ▁non - play ing ▁staff ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁inside ▁for wards <0x0A> </s> ▁R aur ava ▁denotes ▁a ▁hell ▁in ▁ ▁Nar aka ▁( H indu ism ) ▁ ▁Nar aka ▁( B ud dh ism ) <0x0A> </s> ▁W E Z G - LP ▁( 1 0 2 . 5 ▁FM ) ▁is ▁a ▁radio ▁station ▁lic ensed ▁to ▁serve ▁the ▁community ▁of ▁States ville , ▁North ▁Carolina . ▁The ▁station ▁is ▁owned ▁by ▁C oven ant ▁Broadcast ing ▁Company ▁of ▁States ville , ▁Inc . ▁It ▁air s ▁an ▁easy ▁listening ▁format . ▁ ▁The ▁station ▁was ▁assigned ▁the ▁call ▁sign ▁W W RO - LP ▁by ▁the ▁Federal ▁Communic ations ▁Commission ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁It ▁changed ▁its ▁call ▁sign ▁to ▁W E Z G - LP ▁on ▁July ▁ 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁E Z G - LP ▁E Z G - LP ▁Category : Radio ▁stations ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁Category : 2 0 1 7 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁North ▁Carolina ▁Category : E asy ▁listening ▁radio ▁stations ▁Category : I red ell ▁County , ▁North ▁Carolina <0x0A> </s> ▁War ra ber ▁Is let ▁is ▁an ▁island ▁local ity ▁in ▁the ▁Tor res ▁Stra it ▁Island ▁Region , ▁Queensland , ▁Australia . ▁It ▁consists ▁of ▁a ▁single ▁island |
, ▁Sue ▁Is let ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁War ra ber ), ▁the ▁middle ▁island ▁of ▁The ▁Three ▁Sister s . ▁The ▁only ▁town ▁is ▁Sue ▁Island ▁on ▁the ▁north - west ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁island . ▁In ▁the ▁, ▁War ra ber ▁Is let ▁had ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 2 4 5 ▁people . ▁ ▁Education ▁War ra ber ▁Island ▁Camp us ▁is ▁a ▁primary ▁( E ar ly ▁Child hood - 6 ) ▁campus ▁of ▁Tag ai ▁State ▁College ▁( ). ▁ ▁There ▁is ▁no ▁secondary ▁school ▁on ▁the ▁island . ▁The ▁nearest ▁secondary ▁school ▁is ▁on ▁Th urs day ▁Island . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : T or res ▁Stra it ▁Island ▁Region ▁Category : Local ities ▁in ▁Queensland <0x0A> </s> ▁Pro c ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁Pro č , ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁eastern ▁Slov ak ia ▁ ▁Pro č ?, ▁a ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁Czech ▁film ▁ ▁Pro c fs ▁or ▁proc ▁filesystem , ▁a ▁special ▁file ▁system ▁( typ ically ▁mounted ▁to ▁/ proc ) ▁in ▁Unix - like ▁operating ▁systems ▁for ▁accessing ▁process ▁information ▁ ▁Prote in ▁C ▁( PRO C ) ▁ ▁Pro c , ▁a ▁term ▁in ▁video ▁game ▁termin ology ▁ ▁Pro ced ures ▁or ▁process , ▁in ▁the ▁programming ▁language ▁AL G OL ▁ 6 8 ▁ ▁/ proc ▁ ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China , ▁the ▁formal ▁name ▁of ▁China <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁article ▁presents ▁lists ▁of ▁the ▁literary ▁events ▁and ▁publications ▁in ▁ 1 5 8 3 |
. ▁ ▁Events ▁Early ▁– ▁Acc adem ia ▁della ▁Cr us ca ▁established ▁in ▁Florence ▁to ▁reg ulate ▁the ▁Italian ▁language . ▁March ▁ 1 0 ▁– ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ' s ▁Men , ▁an ▁acting ▁tr oupe , ▁is ▁founded ▁by ▁royal ▁order ▁in ▁England . ▁June ▁ 1 1 ▁– ▁Riv ales , ▁a ▁play ▁in ▁Latin ▁by ▁William ▁G ager , ▁is ▁acted ▁by ▁members ▁of ▁Christ ▁Church , ▁Oxford . ▁Crit ic ized ▁for ▁its ▁" fil th ", ▁it ▁is ▁never ▁printed ▁and ▁does ▁not ▁surv ive , ▁although ▁it ▁is ▁rev ived ▁for ▁two ▁performances ▁in ▁ 1 5 9 2 , ▁one ▁before ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁I ▁of ▁England . ▁June ▁ 1 2 ▁– ▁D ido , ▁another ▁play ▁in ▁Latin ▁by ▁G ager , ▁is ▁performed ▁by ▁members ▁of ▁Christ ▁Church , ▁Oxford . ▁September ▁– ▁The ▁English ▁occ ult ▁phil os opher ▁John ▁De e ▁leaves ▁England ▁to ▁travel ▁on ▁the ▁Cont inent ; ▁his ▁library ▁at ▁Mort la ke ▁is ▁dispers ed ▁in ▁his ▁absence . ▁L ode w ijk ▁El ze vir ▁produces ▁the ▁first ▁publication ▁from ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁El ze vir ▁in ▁Le iden , ▁Dr us ii ▁E bra ic ar um ▁qu a estion um ▁ac ▁respons ion um ▁lib ri ▁du o . ▁ ▁New ▁books ▁ ▁Pro se ▁Just us ▁Li ps ius ▁– ▁De ▁Constant ia ▁( On ▁const ancy ) ▁Joseph ▁Just us ▁S cal iger ▁– ▁De ▁em end ation e ▁tempor um ▁( |
St ud y ▁on ▁the ▁Im prov ement ▁of ▁Time ) ▁Sir ▁Thomas ▁Smith ▁– ▁De ▁Republic a ▁Ang lor um : ▁the ▁Man er ▁of ▁G ou ern ement ▁or ▁Pol ic ie ▁of ▁the ▁Real me ▁of ▁England ▁( written ▁ 1 5 6 2 – 6 5 ) ▁Philip ▁St ub bes ▁– ▁The ▁An atom y ▁of ▁Ab uses ▁ ▁D rama ▁William ▁G ager ▁– ▁D ido ▁( Lat in ) ▁Luigi ▁Gro to ▁– ▁La ▁Dal ida ▁Richard ▁Mul c aster ▁– ▁Ari od ante ▁and ▁Gene v ra ▁ ▁Po etry ▁See ▁ 1 5 8 3 ▁in ▁poetry ▁ ▁B irth s ▁January ▁ 8 ▁– ▁Simon ▁Epis cop ius , ▁Dutch ▁the olog ian ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 4 3 ) ▁February ▁ 2 ▁– ▁Anna ▁V iss cher , ▁Dutch ▁artist , ▁poet ▁and ▁transl ator ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 5 1 ) ▁April ▁ 4 ▁– ▁Francis cus ▁Qu ares mi us , ▁Italian ▁writer ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 5 0 ) ▁April ▁ 1 0 ▁– ▁Hugo ▁Gro ti us , ▁Dutch ▁phil os opher , ▁dram at ist ▁and ▁poet ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 4 5 ▁in ▁literature ) ▁November ▁– ▁Philip ▁Mass inger , ▁English ▁play w right ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 4 0 ) ▁Un known ▁dates ▁Johann ▁Heinrich ▁Al ting , ▁German ▁the olog ian ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 4 4 ) ▁John ▁Be aum |
ont , ▁English ▁poet ▁( d ied ▁ 1 6 2 7 ) ▁ ▁Death s ▁January ▁ 1 ▁– ▁François ▁de ▁Belle for est , ▁French ▁poet ▁and ▁transl ator ▁( born ▁ 1 5 3 0 ) ▁January ▁ 5 ▁– ▁Juan ▁M ald on ado , ▁Spanish ▁Jes uit ▁the olog ian ▁( born ▁ 1 5 3 3 ) ▁March ▁ 4 ▁– ▁Bernard ▁Gil pin , ▁English ▁the olog ian ▁( born ▁ 1 5 1 7 ) ▁April ▁– ▁Lucas ▁David , ▁Pr uss ian ▁historian ▁( born ▁ 1 5 0 3 ) ▁May ▁ 6 ▁– ▁Zach arias ▁Urs inus , ▁German ▁the olog ian ▁( born ▁ 1 5 3 4 ) ▁July ▁ 8 ▁– ▁Fern ão ▁M endes ▁P into , ▁Portuguese ▁expl orer ▁and ▁mem oir ist ▁( born ▁c . ▁ 1 5 0 9 ) ▁December ▁ 3 1 ▁– ▁Thomas ▁Er ast us , ▁Swiss ▁the olog ian ▁( born ▁ 1 5 2 4 ) ▁Un known ▁dates ▁Alexander ▁Ar b uth not , ▁Scottish ▁poet ▁( born ▁ 1 5 3 8 ) ▁Henry ▁B yn n eman , ▁English ▁printer ▁( date ▁of ▁birth ▁unknown ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁* ▁Category : Year s ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century ▁in ▁literature <0x0A> </s> ▁is ▁a ▁Japanese ▁model ▁and ▁ent ert ainer . ▁She ▁graduated ▁from ▁Se isen ▁J og aku in ▁Junior ▁High ▁School ▁and ▁Ferr is ▁University ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Let ters |
▁and ▁Department ▁of ▁English . ▁ ▁Biography ▁M ima ▁has ▁a ▁success ▁as ▁a ▁model ▁for ▁" M aqu ia ▁Beaut y ' s " ▁of ▁Ma quia . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁she ▁became ▁the ▁weather ▁forec aster ▁of ▁the ▁Tokyo ▁Broadcast ing ▁System ▁programs , ▁Hay az uba ▁t su ! ▁N ama ▁Tam ago ▁and ▁As az uba ▁t su !. ▁ ▁On ▁September ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁during ▁the ▁planning ▁of , ▁M ima ▁interview ed ▁South ▁Korean ▁actress ▁Kim ▁T ae - he e ▁from ▁the ▁South ▁Korean ▁drama , ▁I ris , ▁which ▁a ired ▁on ▁T BS ▁at ▁the ▁time . ▁Because ▁she ▁was ▁a ▁Korean ▁W ave ▁fan , ▁Korean ▁was ▁her ▁second ▁foreign ▁language ▁at ▁Ferr is ▁University ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Let ters . ▁ ▁M ima ▁knows ▁horse ▁racing , ▁she ▁has ▁a ▁weather ▁casting ▁and ▁model ing ▁boundaries ▁and ▁horse ▁racing ▁as ▁a ▁communication . ▁It ▁was ▁during ▁a ▁broadcast ▁of ▁Hay az uba ▁t su ! ▁N ama ▁Tam ago ▁when ▁she ▁shows ▁a ▁horse ▁racing ▁topic ▁in ▁a ▁sports ▁newspaper , ▁and ▁later ▁expected ▁her ▁own ▁race . ▁On ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁Or fe vre ▁won ▁the ▁ 7 8 th ▁Tokyo ▁Y ū sh un , ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁allowed ▁to ▁hit . ▁ ▁Film ography ▁ ▁Mag az ines ▁ ▁TV ▁series ▁ ▁Radio ▁series ▁ ▁Ad vert is ements ▁ ▁St ills ▁ ▁Ph oto |
▁albums ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁profile ▁▁ ▁Category : J apan ese ▁female ▁models ▁Category : J apan ese ▁television ▁personal ities ▁Category : 1 9 8 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Kan ag awa ▁Pref ect ure <0x0A> </s> ▁Const ance ▁C ary ▁Harrison ▁( pen ▁name , ▁Ref ug it ta ; ▁April ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 8 4 3 ▁– ▁November ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 1 9 2 0 ), ▁also ▁referred ▁as ▁Mrs . ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison , ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁author ▁of ▁plays ▁and ▁nov els . ▁She ▁and ▁two ▁of ▁her ▁c ous ins ▁were ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" C ary ▁Inv inci bles "; ▁the ▁three ▁se wed ▁the ▁first ▁examples ▁of ▁the ▁Confeder ate ▁Battle ▁Flag . ▁ ▁Harrison ▁belonged ▁to ▁an ▁old ▁Virginia ▁family ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁Fair f ax es ▁and ▁Jeff ers ons . ▁Her ▁home ▁was ▁destroyed ▁during ▁the ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁and ▁consequ ently ▁she ▁witness ed ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁horror s ▁of ▁that ▁struggle . ▁After ▁its ▁close , ▁she ▁accompanied ▁her ▁mother ▁to ▁Europe ▁and ▁while ▁in ▁France . ▁Upon ▁her ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁She ▁married ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison , ▁a ▁lawyer ▁and ▁American ▁dem ocr atic ▁politician , ▁who ▁was ▁at ▁one ▁time ▁the ▁Secretary ▁of ▁President ▁Jefferson ▁Davis . ▁They ▁moved ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 6 , ▁and ▁there ▁she ▁began ▁her ▁literary ▁life . ▁Harrison |
' s ▁first ▁magazine ▁article ▁was ▁A ▁Little ▁Cent enn ial ▁Lady , ▁which ▁attract ed ▁much ▁attention , ▁and ▁there after , ▁she ▁wrote ▁a ▁great ▁deal . ▁ ▁F ew ▁literary ▁women ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁were ▁better ▁known ▁at ▁the ▁time , ▁her ▁home ▁a ▁social ▁and ▁literary ▁center . ▁She ▁produced ▁several ▁plays , ▁chief ly ▁adapt ations ▁from ▁the ▁French . ▁The ▁work ▁that ▁probably ▁gained ▁her ▁more ▁reputation ▁abroad ▁was ▁The ▁Ang l oman ia cs , ▁which ▁appeared ▁in ▁The ▁Century ▁without ▁her ▁name . ▁It ▁ranked ▁her ▁at ▁once ▁among ▁the ▁best ▁of ▁the ▁novel ists . ▁Some ▁of ▁her ▁other ▁works ▁included , ▁Golden ▁Rod , ▁The ▁Story ▁of ▁Helen ▁T roy , ▁Woman ' s ▁Hand i work ▁in ▁Modern ▁H ouses , ▁Old - F ashion ed ▁Fair y ▁Book , ▁Br ic - a - B rac ▁St ories , ▁F lower ▁de ▁H undred , ▁Mi y ▁Lord ▁Fair f ax ▁of ▁Green way ▁Court , ▁The ▁Hom es ▁and ▁Ha un ts ▁of ▁Washington , ▁The ▁Russian ▁H one ym oon , ▁S weet ▁B ells ▁Out ▁of ▁T une , ▁A ▁D augh ter ▁of ▁the ▁South ▁and ▁Other ▁T ales , ▁Bar ▁Har bor ▁Days , ▁and ▁An ▁ed el we iss ▁of ▁the ▁S ier ras , ▁Golden - rod , ▁and ▁other ▁tales . ▁ ▁Orig ins ▁Const ance ▁Fair f ax ▁C ary ▁was ▁born ▁at ▁Port ▁Gib son , ▁Mississippi , ▁April ▁ 2 |
5 , ▁ 1 8 4 3 ▁( or ▁ 1 8 4 6 ) ▁into ▁a ▁plan ter ▁arist ocrat ▁family , ▁to ▁Arch ib ald ▁C ary ▁and ▁Mon im ia ▁Fair f ax . ▁Arch ib ald ▁C ary ▁was ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁Wilson ▁Jefferson ▁C ary ▁and ▁Virginia ▁Rand olph . ▁ ▁Wilson ▁Jefferson ▁C ary ▁was ▁a ▁desc endant ▁of ▁the ▁ancient ▁and ▁prominent ▁English ▁gent ry ▁family ▁of ▁C ary , ▁l ords ▁of ▁the ▁man or ▁of ▁Clo vel ly ▁in ▁Dev on ▁and ▁of ▁C ock ington ▁and ▁Tor ▁Ab bey , ▁as ▁is ▁related ▁in ▁a ▁gene alog ical ▁work ▁by ▁Fair f ax ▁Harrison ▁( 1 8 6 9 - 1 9 3 8 ) ▁of ▁Bel voir ▁House , ▁F au quier ▁County , ▁Virginia ▁( son ▁of ▁Const ance ▁C ary ▁Harrison ) ▁The ▁Dev on ▁C ary s , ▁ 2 ▁vol s ., ▁New ▁York , ▁ 1 9 2 0 . ▁ ▁Mon im ia ▁Fair f ax ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Thomas ▁Fair f ax , ▁ 9 th ▁Lord ▁Fair f ax ▁of ▁Camer on , ▁and ▁Margaret ▁Herbert ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁grand d augh ter ▁of ▁John ▁Car ly le ▁and ▁Sarah ▁Fair f ax . ▁Her ▁brother ▁was ▁Clar ence ▁C ary , ▁who ▁was ▁prominent ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁society . ▁ ▁Arch ib ald ▁C ary ▁was ▁a ▁subscri ber ▁to ▁the ▁Mont ic ello ▁Gra vey ard ▁( 1 8 3 7 |
). ▁They ▁lived ▁at ▁C umber land , ▁Maryland , ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁editor ▁of ▁its ▁leading ▁newspaper , ▁The ▁C umber land ▁Civil ian . ▁When ▁he ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 4 , ▁her ▁mother , ▁Mon im ia , ▁moved ▁the ▁family , ▁in ▁with ▁her ▁grand m other ▁at ▁V au cl use ▁Plant ation ▁in ▁Fair f ax ▁County , ▁Virginia , ▁until ▁the ▁out break ▁of ▁the ▁Civil ▁War . ▁ ▁Civil ▁War ▁years ▁After ▁the ▁se iz ure ▁of ▁V au cl use ▁and ▁its ▁demol ition ▁( to ▁construct ▁Fort ▁W orth , ▁as ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁def enses ▁of ▁Washington , ▁D . C .) ▁she ▁lived ▁in ▁Richmond , ▁Virginia ▁during ▁the ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁and ▁moved ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁set ▁as ▁Var ina ▁Davis , ▁Mary ▁Boy kin ▁Ch es nut , ▁and ▁Virginia ▁Clay - C lo pton . ▁She ▁was ▁published ▁in ▁Southern ▁mag az ines ▁under ▁the ▁pen ▁name ▁" Ref ug it ta ." ▁ ▁Const ance ▁C ary ▁lived ▁with ▁her ▁Baltimore ▁c ous ins , ▁Het ty ▁and ▁Jenn ie ; ▁her ▁mother ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁girls ' ▁ch aper one . ▁The ▁three ▁young ▁ladies ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" C ary ▁Inv inci bles ." ▁In ▁September ▁ 1 8 6 1 , ▁they ▁se wed ▁the ▁first ▁examples ▁of ▁the ▁Confeder ate ▁Battle ▁Flag ▁following ▁a ▁design ▁created ▁by ▁William ▁Por cher ▁Mil es ▁and ▁modified ▁by ▁General ▁Joseph ▁E . |
▁John ston . ▁According ▁to ▁her ▁own ▁account , ▁one ▁flag ▁was ▁given ▁to ▁General ▁Joseph ▁E . ▁John ston , ▁one ▁to ▁Confeder ate ▁general ▁P . ▁G . ▁T . ▁Be a ure g ard , ▁and ▁hers ▁to ▁Confeder ate ▁general ▁Earl ▁Van ▁D orn . ▁Later ▁during ▁the ▁war , ▁she ▁assist ed ▁her ▁mother ▁as ▁a ▁nur se ▁at ▁Camp ▁W inder . ▁ ▁She ▁later ▁met ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison ▁( 1 8 3 8 – 1 9 0 4 ), ▁a ▁private ▁secretary ▁for ▁Confeder ate ▁President ▁Jefferson ▁Davis , ▁and ▁helped ▁win ▁his ▁release ▁from ▁Fort ▁Del aware ▁after ▁the ▁war ' s ▁end . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁war ▁Harrison ▁and ▁her ▁mother ▁spent ▁the ▁winter ▁of ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁in ▁Paris ▁before ▁returning ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 6 . ▁ ▁She ▁and ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison ▁were ▁married ▁on ▁November ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 8 6 7 , ▁at ▁St . ▁Anne ' s ▁Church , ▁in ▁West chester ▁County , ▁New ▁York . ▁ ▁Their ▁wed ding ▁breakfast ▁was ▁at ▁Morris ania , ▁the ▁country ▁home ▁of ▁her ▁uncle , ▁G ouverneur ▁Morris . ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison ▁held ▁various ▁public ▁offices ▁while ▁Const ance ▁spent ▁her ▁time ▁writing ▁and ▁being ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁city ' s ▁social ▁scene . ▁They ▁were ▁the ▁parents ▁of ▁Fair f ax ▁Harrison ▁( M arch ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 8 6 9 ▁- ▁February ▁ 2 , ▁ |
1 9 3 8 ), ▁who ▁was ▁a ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Southern ▁Railway ▁Company , ▁and ▁Francis ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison ▁( Dec ember ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 8 7 3 - ▁November ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ), ▁who ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁Governor - General ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines . ▁ ▁Among ▁her ▁other ▁contributions ▁to ▁American ▁literature , ▁Const ance ▁C ary ▁Harrison ▁persu aded ▁her ▁friend ▁Emma ▁Laz arus ▁to ▁don ate ▁a ▁poem ▁to ▁the ▁fund ra ising ▁effort ▁to ▁pay ▁for ▁a ▁ped est al ▁for ▁the ▁Stat ue ▁of ▁Liber ty . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 1 , ▁the ▁Harr isons ▁first ▁visited ▁Bar ▁Har bor , ▁Mount ▁Des ert ▁Island , ▁Maine , ▁stay ing ▁at ▁the ▁c ott age ▁of ▁Captain ▁Royal ▁George ▁H igg ins . ▁S omet ime ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 8 0 s , ▁they ▁commission ed ▁Arthur ▁Rot ch ▁of ▁the ▁architect ural ▁firm ▁Rot ch ▁& ▁T ild en ▁to ▁build ▁a ▁se as ide ▁c ott age ▁called ▁Sea ▁Ur ch ins , ▁with ▁a ▁garden ▁designed ▁by ▁Beat rix ▁F arr and . ▁ ▁The ▁property ▁now ▁is ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁College ▁of ▁the ▁Atlantic , ▁transformed ▁into ▁De ering ▁Common , ▁student ▁center . ▁Sea ▁Ur ch ins ▁was ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁hospital ity ▁during ▁the ▁" G ild ed ▁Age " ▁in ▁Bar ▁Har bor ▁and ▁she ▁ent ert ained ▁many ▁noted ▁visitors ▁there , ▁including ▁friend ▁and |
▁neighbor ▁James ▁G . ▁Bla ine , ▁who ▁lived ▁at ▁Stan wood . ▁The ▁Harr isons ' ▁winter ▁home ▁was ▁a ▁m ansion ▁on ▁East ▁ 2 9 th ▁Street , ▁New ▁York . ▁ ▁Const ance ▁C ary ▁Harrison ▁died ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C ., ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 0 , ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 7 7 . ▁ ▁She ▁is ▁buried ▁in ▁I vy ▁Hill ▁C emetery , ▁Alexand ria , ▁Virginia . ▁ ▁Works ▁ ▁The ▁works ▁of ▁Const ance ▁C ary ▁Harrison ▁include : ▁ ▁Magazine ▁articles ▁and ▁stories ▁ ▁D ram atic ▁literature ▁Two ▁Str ings ▁to ▁Her ▁Bow ▁( 1 8 8 4 ) ▁The ▁Mouse ▁T rap ▁( 1 8 8 6 ) ▁We eping ▁W ives ▁( 1 8 8 6 ) ▁ ▁Be hind ▁a ▁Cur tain ▁( 1 8 8 7 ) ▁Te a ▁at ▁Four ▁O ' C lock ▁( 1 8 8 7 ) ▁ ▁Other ▁pro se ▁▁ ▁Produ ced ▁at ▁Mad ison ▁Square ▁the ater ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 8 . ▁▁ ▁Not ed ▁actress ▁Minn ie ▁Mad dern ▁F iske ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁production ▁of ▁this ▁play . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Mrs . ▁Bur ton ▁Harrison ▁in ▁Encyclopedia ▁Virginia ▁ ▁The ▁Bur ton ▁Nor v ell ▁Harrison ▁Family ▁Pap ers ▁at ▁the ▁Library ▁of ▁Congress ▁▁ ▁( cred ited ▁as ▁writer ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁movie ▁version ▁of ▁The |
▁Un wel come ▁Mrs . ▁H atch ) ▁▁▁ ▁Mrs . ▁Arch ib ald ▁C ary ▁( Mon im ia ▁Fair f ax ) ▁( 1 8 2 0 - 7 5 ), ▁( p ain ting ) ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 4 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 2 0 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Port ▁Gib son , ▁Mississippi ▁Category : American ▁social ites ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁American ▁writers ▁Category : B ur ial s ▁at ▁I vy ▁Hill ▁C emetery ▁( Alex and ria , ▁Virginia ) ▁Category : C ary ▁family ▁of ▁Virginia ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Fair f ax ▁County , ▁Virginia ▁Category : W rit ers ▁from ▁Richmond , ▁Virginia ▁Category : Pe ople ▁of ▁Virginia ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁Category : W omen ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁Category : W rit ers ▁from ▁Mississippi ▁Category : W rit ers ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁American ▁women ▁writers ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁C umber land , ▁Maryland <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁following ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁cities ▁and ▁towns ▁in ▁Est onia . ▁There ▁are ▁ 4 7 ▁towns ▁in ▁Est onia , ▁many ▁of ▁these ▁locations ▁were ▁known ▁by ▁their ▁German ▁or ▁Russian ▁names ▁before ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁which ▁were ▁occasionally ▁quite ▁different ▁from ▁the ▁ones ▁used ▁by ▁Est oni ans . ▁After ▁the ▁an nex ation ▁of ▁Est onia ▁by ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁in ▁ |
1 9 4 0 , ▁the ▁Est onian ▁names ▁were ▁used ▁in ▁Russian , ▁leading ▁to ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁some ▁incorrect ▁back - trans liter ations ▁in ▁Russian ▁( e . g ., ▁V ily and i , ▁P yl va ▁rather ▁the ▁correct ▁Vil j and i , ▁P õ l va ). ▁ ▁List ▁ ▁* ▁the ▁town ▁does ▁not ▁const itute ▁its ▁own ▁municipality , ▁but ▁has ▁become ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁larger ▁municipality ▁( e ither ▁parish ▁( val d ) ▁or ▁city ▁( lin n )). ▁ ▁Form er ▁towns ▁A ht me , ▁ 1 9 5 3 – 1 9 6 0 , ▁ 1 9 9 3 – 1 9 9 5 , ▁merged ▁with ▁Ko ht la - J är ve ; ▁Ja an il inn ▁( I v ang or od ), ▁ 1 6 1 7 - 1 6 4 9 , ▁merged ▁with ▁Nar va , ▁an nex ed ▁to ▁the ▁Russian ▁S FS R ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁Must la , ▁ 1 9 3 8 - 1 9 7 9 , ▁town ▁rights ▁rev oked ; ▁N õ m me , ▁ 1 9 2 6 - 1 9 4 0 , ▁merged ▁with ▁T all inn ; ▁Pet ser i ▁( P ech ory ), ▁ 1 7 7 6 - on wards , ▁an nex ed ▁to ▁the ▁Russian ▁S FS R ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁To om pe a , ▁ |
1 2 4 8 / 1 2 6 5 / 1 2 8 8 - 1 7 8 5 , ▁ 1 7 9 6 - 1 8 7 8 , ▁merged ▁with ▁T all inn ; ▁V ana - P är nu , ▁ 1 2 5 1 - 1 6 1 7 , ▁merged ▁with ▁P är nu . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Est onia ▁Municipal ities ▁of ▁Est onia ▁Count ies ▁of ▁Est onia ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Est onia ▁Town s ▁Est onia <0x0A> </s> ▁Black hill ▁Enter pr ises ▁was ▁a ▁rock ▁music ▁management ▁company , ▁founded ▁as ▁a ▁partners hip ▁by ▁the ▁four ▁original ▁members ▁of ▁P ink ▁F loyd ▁( S yd ▁Bar rett , ▁Nick ▁Mason , ▁Roger ▁W aters ▁and ▁ ▁Richard ▁Wright ), ▁with ▁Peter ▁Jen ner ▁and ▁Andrew ▁King . ▁ ▁Black hill ▁were ▁the ▁organis ers ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁Hy de ▁Park ▁free ▁concert s . ▁▁ ▁After ▁Syd ▁Bar rett ▁left ▁P ink ▁F loyd , ▁the ▁partners hip ▁was ▁dissol ved , ▁and ▁Jen ner ▁and ▁King ▁continued ▁Black hill ▁to ▁manage ▁Bar rett . ▁Following ▁Black hill ' s ▁event ual ▁dissol ution , ▁both ▁Jen ner ▁and ▁King ▁continued ▁to ▁work ▁in ▁music ▁management . ▁ ▁They ▁also ▁managed : ▁Marc ▁Bol an ▁( who ▁met ▁his ▁wife , ▁June ▁Child , ▁while ▁she ▁was ▁working ▁as ▁Black hill ' s ▁secretary ) ▁Ed gar ▁Br ought on ▁Band ▁The ▁Cl |
ash ▁Ian ▁D ury ▁Roy ▁Har per ▁Alberto ▁Y ▁Lost ▁Tri os ▁Par ano ias ▁Kevin ▁Ay ers ▁ ▁Br idget ▁St ▁John ▁The ▁Action ▁( until ▁they ▁became ▁M ight y ▁Baby ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁and ▁part ed ▁company ▁with ▁Black hill ▁Enter pr ises ). ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Music ▁companies ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : P ink ▁F loyd <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W ▁was ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁Government ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁to ▁manage ▁rail ▁her itage ▁in ▁NS W ▁ ▁following ▁an ▁independent ▁review . ▁ ▁History ▁In ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Minister ▁for ▁Transport ▁Glad ys ▁Bere j ik li an ▁acknowled ged ▁the ▁importance ▁of ▁steam ▁locomot ive ▁ 3 8 0 1 ▁stating ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁a ▁priority ▁of ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W ▁to ▁return ▁it ▁to ▁service . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 0 ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁a ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁Rail ▁Transport ▁Museum ▁voted ▁in ▁support ▁of ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W . ▁Other ▁transport ▁her itage ▁groups ▁also ▁expressed ▁concern ▁for ▁their ▁future ▁existence . ▁Peter ▁Low ry ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁Chair person ▁of ▁the ▁Board ▁and ▁the ▁nominated ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁of ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W , ▁Andrew ▁Kill ings worth ▁has ▁been ▁seen ▁as ▁a ▁political ▁appointment . ▁ ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Andrew ▁Mor itz ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁the ▁new ▁Chief |
▁Executive ▁following ▁the ▁res ignation ▁of ▁Andrew ▁Kill ings worth . ▁On ▁ 1 ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Rob ▁Mason , ▁former ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁of ▁Rail Cor p ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁the ▁new ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁Board , ▁replacing ▁Peter ▁Low ry . ▁ ▁In ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁plans ▁were ▁announced ▁to ▁move ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W ▁from ▁E ve le igh ▁Railway ▁Work sh ops , ▁Sydney ▁to ▁a ▁new ▁location ▁in ▁Ch ull ora ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ch ull ora ▁Heritage ▁Hub . ▁ ▁All ▁locomot ives ▁formerly ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁Rail ▁Transport ▁Museum ▁are ▁now ▁owned ▁by ▁TH NS W ▁ ▁Review ▁Major ▁recommend ations ▁of ▁the ▁Rail ▁Heritage ▁Review ▁included : ▁ ▁cons olid ation ▁the ▁functions ▁of ▁several ▁her itage ▁entities ▁into ▁new ▁body ▁ ▁real ise ▁full ▁value ▁of ▁the ▁Lar ge ▁E rect ing ▁Sh op ▁at ▁E ve le igh ▁Railway ▁Work sh ops , ▁Sydney ▁and ▁the ▁Broad me adow ▁Lo comot ive ▁Dep ot , ▁New castle ▁ ▁Museum s ▁ ▁NS W ▁Rail ▁Museum , ▁Th irl m ere ▁ ▁Valley ▁He ights ▁Lo comot ive ▁Dep ot ▁Heritage ▁Museum ▁ ▁Events ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W ▁is ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁organisation ▁of ▁the ▁Hunter ▁Valley ▁Ste am fest ▁and ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁Ex po . ▁ ▁Collection ▁ ▁All ▁assets ▁previously ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁NS W ▁Railway ▁Transport ▁Museum ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁collection ▁ ▁Ste am ▁locomot ives ▁ ▁Other ▁Lo comot ives |
▁▁▁▁ 4 0 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 0 0 1 ▁( oper ational ) ▁▁ 4 1 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 1 0 2 ▁( B road me adow ) ▁▁ 4 2 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 2 0 1 ▁( rep air ▁completed ▁to ▁tra ction ▁mot ors ▁at ▁M aint rain ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 ) ▁( oper ational ) ▁▁ 4 3 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 3 0 6 ▁( oper ational - st ored ▁await ing ▁rep airs ) ▁▁ 4 4 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ives ▁ 4 4 0 3 ▁and ▁ 4 4 9 0 ▁( oper ational ) ▁▁ 4 4 2 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 4 2 1 1 ▁( oper ational ▁limited ▁duties ) ▁▁ 4 5 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 5 2 0 ▁( under ▁repair ) ▁▁ 4 6 ▁Class ▁electric ▁ ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 6 0 1 ▁( Val ley ▁He ights ), ▁ 4 6 3 8 ▁( B road me adow ) ▁▁ 4 8 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 8 0 3 , ▁ 4 8 0 7 ▁and ▁ 4 8 3 3 ▁( oper ational ), ▁ 4 8 0 1 ▁and ▁ 4 8 0 5 - St ored ▁Broad me adow ▁▁ 4 9 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁locomot ive ▁ 4 9 1 6 ▁( under ▁rest oration ▁and |
▁repair ▁) ▁▁ 7 1 ▁Class ▁electric ▁locomot ive ▁ 7 1 0 0 ▁( B road me adow ) ▁▁ 7 3 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁hyd ra ul ic ▁locomot ive ▁ 7 3 5 0 ▁( oper ational ) ▁( B road me adow ) ▁▁ 8 6 ▁Class ▁electric ▁locomot ive ▁ 8 6 4 6 ▁ ▁X 2 0 0 ▁Class ▁dies el ▁hyd ra ul ic ▁locomot ive ▁X 2 0 6 ▁( oper ational ) ▁( Val ley ▁He ights ) ▁ ▁D 1 ▁( oper ational ) ▁ ▁C PH ▁ 1 8 ▁( oper ational ) ▁ ▁R M ▁ 6 2 3 / 7 2 3 ▁( under ▁rest oration ▁at ▁G oul burn ) ▁on ▁loan ▁to ▁Lith gow ▁State ▁Mine ▁ ▁Lo comot ives ▁not ▁owned ▁by ▁TH NS W ▁▁▁▁ 3 0 1 6 ▁and ▁C PH ▁ 2 7 ▁( oper ational ) ▁( on ▁loan ▁from ▁Capit ol ▁Region ▁Heritage ▁Rail ) ▁Return ed ▁to ▁Can ber ra ▁late ▁ 2 0 1 9 / ear ly ▁ 2 0 2 0 . ▁▁ 6 0 2 9 ▁( oper ational )- Private ▁own ers ▁▁ 3 8 3 0 ▁( st ored )- Power house ▁Museum ▁▁ 3 2 6 5 ▁( oper ational )- Power house ▁Museum ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Transport ▁Heritage ▁NS W ▁website ▁ ▁Category : G overn ment ▁ag encies ▁of ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁Category : R ail way ▁museum s |
▁in ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁Category : 2 0 1 3 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Australia ▁Category : Transport ▁in ▁New ▁South ▁Wales <0x0A> </s> ▁H ain an ▁Advent ure ▁with ▁N ig el ▁Mar ven ▁is ▁one - hour ▁British ▁travel ▁and ▁nature ▁document ary ▁created ▁by ▁Image ▁Imp act ▁production ▁company ▁for ▁E den ▁and ▁first ▁broadcast ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁program , ▁wild life ▁present er ▁N ig el ▁Mar ven ▁cross es ▁H ain an ▁Island ▁in ▁China ▁in ▁the ▁foot steps ▁of ▁English ▁expl orer ▁John ▁White head . ▁Gu ided ▁by ▁White head ' s ▁journal , ▁he ▁jour ne ys ▁to ▁South ▁China ▁Sea ▁and ▁B aw an ling ▁Reserve ▁to ▁explore ▁pr ist ine ▁rain for ests ▁and ▁meets ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁different ▁cre atures , ▁including ▁H ain an ▁silver ▁p he asant . ▁The ▁highlight ▁is ▁encounter ▁with ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁fruit ▁bat ▁ro ost ▁in ▁the ▁world ▁hidden ▁under ▁one ▁roof . ▁ ▁Link s ▁▁ ▁F rem ant le ▁Brand ▁ ▁Category : N ature ▁educational ▁television ▁series <0x0A> </s> ▁C ric othy roid ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁C ric othy roid ▁mus cle ▁ ▁C ric othy roid ▁lig ament <0x0A> </s> ▁For ▁other ▁people ▁named ▁Charles ▁Wright , ▁see ▁Charles ▁Wright ▁ ▁Charles ▁Alan ▁Wright ▁( Se ptember ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 2 7 ▁– ▁July ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 0 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁constitution al |
▁lawyer ▁widely ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁for em ost ▁authority ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁on ▁constitution al ▁law ▁and ▁federal ▁procedure , ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁co author ▁of ▁the ▁ 5 4 - volume ▁treat ise , ▁Federal ▁Pract ice ▁and ▁Pro cedure ▁with ▁Arthur ▁Miller ▁and ▁Kenneth ▁W . ▁Graham , ▁Jr ., ▁among ▁others . ▁He ▁also ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁special ▁legal ▁consult ant ▁to ▁President ▁Richard ▁N ixon ▁during ▁the ▁con gression al ▁investig ations ▁into ▁the ▁Water gate ▁break ▁in ▁and ▁cover up , ▁and ▁for ▁a ▁time ▁was ▁the ▁president ' s ▁lead ▁lawyer . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁ ▁Wright ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Philadelphia , ▁Pennsylvania ▁on ▁September ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 2 7 . ▁After ▁gradu ating ▁from ▁Ha ver ford ▁High ▁School ▁at ▁age ▁ 1 6 , ▁he ▁earned ▁his ▁under grad uate ▁degree ▁from ▁Wes ley an ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁and ▁law ▁degree ▁from ▁Y ale ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 9 . ▁After ward , ▁he ▁spent ▁a ▁year ▁as ▁law ▁cl erk ▁for ▁Judge ▁Charles ▁Edward ▁Clark ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Court ▁of ▁App e als ▁for ▁the ▁Second ▁Circ uit . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁Wright ▁taught ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Minnesota ▁Law ▁School ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁and ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁School ▁of ▁Law ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁Professor ▁Wright ▁was ▁a |
▁popular , ▁if ▁somewhat ▁ecc ent ric , ▁educ ator , ▁conduct ing ▁class ▁without ▁lecture ▁notes ▁or ▁even ▁a ▁copy ▁of ▁the ▁case book . ▁ ▁He ▁had ▁a ▁phot ographic ▁memory ▁of ▁the ▁materials ▁and ▁would ▁often ▁answer ▁student ▁questions ▁with ▁a ▁correct ▁c itation , ▁by ▁specific ▁page , ▁of ▁a ▁case ▁different ▁from ▁the ▁one ▁the ▁class ▁was ▁studying . ▁ ▁He ▁always ▁refused ▁to ▁call ▁on ▁women ▁students , ▁unless ▁they ▁volunte ered , ▁considering ▁the ▁traditional ▁S ocr atic ▁approach ▁un gent le man ly ▁to ▁women . ▁ ▁In ▁response ▁to ▁accus ations ▁of ▁sex ism , ▁he ▁simply ▁stopped ▁requiring ▁any ▁student ▁to ▁rec ite ▁unless ▁he ▁or ▁she ▁volunte ered . ▁ ▁Professor ▁Wright ' s ▁ icy ▁reserve ▁with ▁students ▁disappeared ▁completely ▁ ▁after ▁they ▁graduated ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁Bar . ▁ ▁Many ▁of ▁them ▁were ▁ple as antly ▁surprised ▁to ▁experience ▁his ▁warm th , ▁kind ness , ▁gentle ▁humor ▁and ▁interest ▁in ▁their ▁families . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁elected ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Law ▁Institute ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 3 0 , ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁its ▁president ▁for ▁the ▁last ▁seven ▁years ▁of ▁his ▁life , ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁Professor ▁Wright ▁organized ▁an ▁effective ▁boy c ott ▁of ▁the ▁Fac ulty ▁Club ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁at ▁Austin ▁when ▁operators ▁failed ▁to ▁live ▁up ▁to ▁their ▁promise ▁that ▁the ▁club ▁would ▁not ▁be ▁ra cially ▁seg reg |
ated . ▁ ▁Wright ▁was ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Academy ▁of ▁Arts ▁and ▁Sciences , ▁a ▁Cor respond ing ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Academy ▁and ▁an ▁Honor ary ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Wolf son ▁College , ▁University ▁of ▁Cambridge . ▁ ▁Wright ▁represented ▁President ▁Richard ▁N ixon ▁on ▁constitution al ▁issues ▁before ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Senate ▁Select ▁Committee ▁on ▁President ial ▁Camp aign ▁Activ ities ▁during ▁its ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁investigation ▁into ▁the ▁break - in ▁the ▁previous ▁year ▁at ▁the ▁Democratic ▁National ▁Committee ▁headquarters ▁at ▁the ▁Water gate ▁office ▁complex ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C ., ▁and ▁the ▁N ixon ▁administration ' s ▁attempted ▁cover - up ▁of ▁its ▁invol vement ▁in ▁the ▁burg l ary . ▁In ▁this ▁capacity , ▁in ▁federal ▁district ▁court , ▁he ▁argued ▁un success fully ▁that ▁the ▁constitution al ▁separation ▁of ▁powers ▁between ▁the ▁executive ▁and ▁jud icial ▁branches ▁protected ▁the ▁president ▁from ▁having ▁to ▁turn ▁over ▁White ▁House ▁t ape ▁record ings ▁to ▁the ▁Water gate ▁special ▁pro sec utor , ▁Arch ib ald ▁C ox . ▁After ▁the ▁U . S . ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives , ▁inc ited ▁by ▁the ▁" S aturday ▁Night ▁Mass acre ", ▁initi ated ▁im pe achment ▁proceed ings ▁against ▁N ixon , ▁the ▁president ▁sh uff led ▁his ▁legal ▁team , ▁and ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁James ▁D . ▁St . ▁Cla ir ▁supp l anted ▁Wright ▁as ▁N ixon ' s ▁lead ▁att orney . ▁ ▁Wright ▁was ▁an |
▁active ▁lit ig ator ▁before ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁( though ▁St . ▁Cla ir , ▁not ▁he , ▁argued ▁United ▁States ▁v . ▁N ixon ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 ). ▁ ▁Associ ate ▁Justice ▁Ruth ▁B ader ▁G ins burg ▁once ▁described ▁Wright ▁as ▁" a ▁Col oss us ▁standing ▁at ▁the ▁sum mit ▁of ▁our ▁profession ." ▁A ▁former ▁student ▁te asing ly ▁suggested ▁the ▁dimin utive ▁G ins burg ▁was ▁actually ▁referring ▁to ▁Wright ' s ▁ 6 - 3 ▁height . ▁ ▁The ▁polit ically ▁liberal ▁G ins burg ▁also ▁referred ▁to ▁Wright , ▁a ▁Republican , ▁as ▁" the ▁qu int ess ential ▁friend ." ▁ ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁his ▁life , ▁Wright ▁was ▁on ▁a ▁first - name ▁basis ▁with ▁all ▁nine ▁just ices . ▁ ▁Wright ▁was ▁also ▁involved ▁in ▁both ▁intr am ural ▁and ▁inter col leg iate ▁athlet ics . ▁ ▁Wright ▁served ▁on ▁the ▁NCAA ▁Committee ▁on ▁Inf ra ctions ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁until ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁including ▁five ▁years ▁as ▁chair . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Texas , ▁Wright ' s ▁achiev ements ▁extended ▁beyond ▁the ▁class room ▁and ▁court room : ▁Wright ▁led ▁the ▁Leg al ▁E ag les ▁– ▁a ▁st unning ly ▁successful ▁intr am ural ▁football ▁team ▁– ▁to ▁ 3 3 0 ▁wins ▁during ▁his ▁ 4 5 - year ▁invol vement ▁as ▁coach ▁and ▁athlet ic ▁director . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁member |
▁of ▁the ▁committee ▁that ▁was ▁formed ▁to ▁h ire ▁a ▁new ▁head ▁football ▁coach ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁eventually ▁h iring ▁Mack ▁Brown . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁and ▁death ▁ ▁Wright ▁was ▁married ▁to ▁Ele an or ▁C ust is ▁Wright ; ▁they ▁had ▁five ▁children : ▁Charles ▁E ., ▁Nor ie , ▁Mar got , ▁Henri etta ▁and ▁Cec ily . ▁ ▁He ▁died ▁on ▁July ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁at ▁the ▁North ▁Austin ▁Medical ▁Center ▁in ▁Austin , ▁Texas , ▁from ▁comp lications ▁following ▁lung ▁surg ery , ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 7 2 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Guide ▁to ▁the ▁Charles ▁Alan ▁Wright ▁Pap ers , ▁ 1 8 8 0 - 2 0 0 4 , ▁Special ▁Col lections , ▁Tar l ton ▁Law ▁Library , ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁at ▁Austin . ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 0 ▁death s ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁law y ers ▁Category : American ▁legal ▁sch ol ars ▁Category : Cor respond ing ▁F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Academy ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Academy ▁of ▁Arts ▁and ▁Sciences ▁Category : L aw y ers ▁from ▁Philadelphia ▁Category : Leg al ▁educ ators ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Law ▁Institute ▁Category : Sch ol ars ▁of ▁civil ▁procedure ▁law ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of |
▁Minnesota ▁Law ▁School ▁fac ulty ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Texas ▁at ▁Austin ▁fac ulty ▁Category : W ater gate ▁sc andal ▁investig ators ▁Category : W es ley an ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Y ale ▁Law ▁School ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁M uss enden ▁Temple ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁circular ▁building ▁located ▁on ▁cl iffs ▁near ▁Cast ler ock ▁in ▁County ▁London der ry , ▁high ▁above ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean ▁on ▁the ▁north - western ▁coast ▁of ▁Northern ▁Ireland . ▁ ▁History ▁▁ ▁Per ched ▁on ▁the ▁cl iffs ▁over looking ▁Down hill ▁Str and , ▁it ▁was ▁once ▁possible ▁to ▁drive ▁a ▁carriage ▁around ▁the ▁temple : ▁however , ▁coast al ▁er os ion ▁has ▁brought ▁it ▁closer ▁to ▁the ▁edge . ▁The ▁temple ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 5 ▁and ▁forms ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Down hill ▁Dem es ne . ▁The ▁dem es ne ▁was ▁formerly ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁estate ▁of ▁Frederick , ▁ 4 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Br istol , ▁who ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁Ireland ▁Lord ▁Bishop ▁of ▁Der ry ▁from ▁ 1 7 6 8 ▁until ▁ 1 8 0 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁Lord ▁Br istol ▁– ▁popular ly ▁known ▁as ▁" the ▁Earl - B ishop " ▁– ▁who ▁had ▁the ▁" tem ple " ▁built . ▁Con struct ed ▁as ▁a ▁library ▁and ▁model led ▁from ▁the ▁Temple ▁of ▁V esta ▁in ▁the ▁Forum ▁Roman um ▁in ▁Rome , ▁it ▁is ▁dedicated ▁to ▁the ▁memory ▁of ▁Bishop ▁Lord ▁Br |
istol ' s ▁cousin ▁Fr ides wide ▁M uss enden . ▁ ▁Over ▁the ▁years ▁the ▁er os ion ▁of ▁the ▁cl iff ▁face ▁at ▁Down hill ▁has ▁brought ▁M uss enden ▁Temple ▁ever ▁closer ▁to ▁the ▁edge , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁The ▁National ▁Trust ▁carried ▁out ▁cl iff ▁stabil isation ▁work ▁to ▁prevent ▁the ▁loss ▁of ▁the ▁building . ▁ ▁The ▁ins cription ▁around ▁the ▁building ▁reads : ▁" Su ave , ▁mari ▁mag no ▁tur b ant ibus ▁a equ ora ▁vent is ▁e ▁terra ▁mag num ▁alter ius ▁spect are ▁lab orem . '' " ▁ ▁" T is ▁pleasant , ▁safely ▁to ▁beh old ▁from ▁shore ▁ ▁The ▁trouble d ▁sail or , ▁and ▁hear ▁the ▁temp ests ▁ro ar ." ▁ ▁The ▁quot ation ▁is ▁from ▁Lu cre ti us , ▁De ▁R er um ▁N atura , ▁ 2 . 1 – 2 . ▁ ▁N amed ▁in ▁honour ▁of ▁his ▁cousin ▁Mrs . ▁Fr ides wide ▁M uss enden , ▁whose ▁beauty ▁he ▁greatly ▁adm ired , ▁this ▁was ▁the ▁Bishop ' s ▁library . ▁Its ▁walls ▁were ▁once ▁l ined ▁with ▁book cases . ▁A ▁fire ▁was ▁kept ▁burning ▁constantly ▁in ▁the ▁bas ement . ▁This ▁and ▁its ▁en closed ▁fl ue ▁meant ▁that , ▁even ▁in ▁ ▁this ▁very ▁exposed ▁location , ▁the ▁books ▁never ▁got ▁d amp . ▁ ▁" I ▁intend ▁to ▁build ▁a ▁Gre cian ▁temple ▁in ▁Fr ides wide ' s ▁honour ... I ▁intend ▁to |
▁build ▁it ▁on ▁the ▁edge ▁of ▁a ▁cl iff . ▁It ▁will ▁give ▁employ ment ▁to ▁the ▁poor , ▁to ▁the ▁district ▁and ▁employ ment ." ▁The ▁Earl ▁Bishop ▁was ▁clearly ▁heart ▁broken ▁when ▁Fr ides wide ▁died . ▁His ▁notes ▁on ▁the ▁building ▁state ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁based ▁on ▁Br am ante ' s ▁Tem pi etto ▁on ▁Rome ' s ▁Jan icul um ▁hill , ▁which ▁itself ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Temple ▁of ▁V esta ▁at ▁T iv oli ▁near ▁Rome . ▁The ▁building ▁was ▁probably ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁M iche al ▁Sh an ah an ▁who ▁accompanied ▁the ▁Earl ▁Bishop ▁on ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁many ▁vis its ▁to ▁Italy . ▁ ▁National ▁Trust ▁▁ ▁Now ▁part ▁of ▁The ▁National ▁Trust ▁property ▁of ▁M uss enden ▁Temple ▁and ▁Down hill ▁Dem es ne , ▁the ▁grounds ▁en comp ass ing ▁M uss enden ▁Temple , ▁and ▁its ▁man or ▁house ▁( Down hill ▁Castle ) ▁are ▁open ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁all ▁year , ▁from ▁dawn ▁to ▁d usk . ▁The ▁" Tem ple " ▁offers ▁views ▁west wards ▁over ▁Down hill ▁Str and ▁towards ▁Mag ill igan ▁Point ▁and ▁on ▁across ▁to ▁In ish ow en ▁in ▁County ▁Don eg al ; ▁and ▁to ▁the ▁east , ▁Cast ler ock ▁beach ▁towards ▁Port st ew art , ▁Port r ush ▁and ▁Fair ▁Head . ▁ ▁The ▁temple ▁obtained ▁a ▁lic ence ▁to ▁hold ▁civil ▁wed ding ▁cer emon ies ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁ ▁The ▁nearest ▁station ▁is ▁Cast |
ler ock ▁railway ▁station . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Down hill ▁Est ate ▁& ▁M uss enden ▁Temple ▁at ▁the ▁National ▁Trust ▁ ▁Down hill ▁Castle ▁entry ▁from ▁The ▁Di C amil lo ▁Comp an ion ▁to ▁British ▁& ▁Irish ▁Country ▁H ouses ▁ ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁County ▁London der ry ▁Category : National ▁Trust ▁properties ▁in ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁Category : T our ist ▁attra ctions ▁in ▁County ▁London der ry ▁Category : G rade ▁A ▁listed ▁buildings ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 5 ▁Category : 1 7 8 5 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Ireland <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁vo iced ▁postal ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁is ▁a ▁type ▁of ▁con son antal ▁sound ▁used ▁in ▁some ▁spoken ▁languages . ▁This ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁class ▁of ▁sounds , ▁not ▁a ▁single ▁sound . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁several ▁types ▁with ▁significant ▁per cept ual ▁differences : ▁The ▁vo iced ▁pal ato - al ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁The ▁ ▁vo iced ▁postal ve olar ▁non - s ibil ant ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁The ▁vo iced ▁retro flex ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁The ▁vo iced ▁al ve olo - pal atal ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁This ▁article ▁discuss es ▁the ▁first ▁two . ▁ ▁Vo iced ▁pal ato - al ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁The ▁vo iced ▁pal ato - al ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁or ▁vo iced ▁dom ed ▁postal ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁is |
▁a ▁type ▁of ▁con son antal ▁sound , ▁used ▁in ▁some ▁spoken ▁languages . ▁ ▁Trans cription ▁The ▁symbol ▁in ▁the ▁International ▁Ph on etic ▁Al phabet ▁that ▁represents ▁this ▁sound ▁is ▁the ▁lower ▁case ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁letter ▁E zh ▁ ▁( ), ▁and ▁the ▁equivalent ▁X - SA MP A ▁symbol ▁is ▁Z . ▁An ▁alternative ▁symbol ▁used ▁in ▁some ▁older ▁and ▁American ▁lingu istic ▁literature ▁is ▁, ▁a ▁z ▁with ▁a ▁car on . ▁In ▁some ▁trans cri ptions ▁of ▁al ph ab ets ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁C yr ill ic , ▁the ▁sound ▁is ▁represented ▁by ▁the ▁dig raph ▁z h . ▁▁ ▁Although ▁present ▁in ▁English , ▁the ▁sound ▁is ▁not ▁represented ▁by ▁a ▁specific ▁letter ▁or ▁dig raph , ▁but ▁is ▁formed ▁by ▁y od - co ales c ence ▁of ▁ ▁and ▁ ▁in ▁words ▁such ▁as ▁measure . ▁It ▁also ▁appears ▁in ▁some ▁loan words , ▁mainly ▁from ▁French ▁( th us ▁written ▁with ▁ ▁and ▁). ▁ ▁The ▁sound ▁occurs ▁in ▁many ▁languages ▁and , ▁as ▁in ▁English ▁and ▁French , ▁may ▁have ▁simultane ous ▁lip ▁round ing ▁( ), ▁although ▁this ▁is ▁rarely ▁indicated ▁in ▁trans cription . ▁ ▁Fe atures ▁Fe atures ▁of ▁the ▁vo iced ▁pal ato - al ve olar ▁fr ic ative : ▁ ▁Occ urrence ▁ ▁The ▁sound ▁in ▁Russian ▁denoted ▁by ▁ ▁is ▁commonly ▁trans cribed ▁as ▁a ▁pal ato - al ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁but ▁is ▁actually ▁a ▁l am inal ▁retro flex ▁fr |
ic ative . ▁ ▁Vo iced ▁postal ve olar ▁non - s ibil ant ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁The ▁vo iced ▁postal ve olar ▁non - s ibil ant ▁fr ic ative ▁is ▁a ▁con son antal ▁sound . ▁As ▁the ▁International ▁Ph on etic ▁Al phabet ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁separate ▁symbols ▁for ▁the ▁post - al ve olar ▁con son ants ▁( the ▁same ▁symbol ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁all ▁cor onal ▁places ▁of ▁art ic ulation ▁that ▁aren ' t ▁pal atal ized ), ▁this ▁sound ▁is ▁usually ▁trans cribed ▁ ▁( ret ract ed ▁con str icted ▁). ▁The ▁equivalent ▁X - SA MP A ▁symbol ▁is ▁r \_ - _ r . ▁ ▁Fe atures ▁ ▁However , ▁it ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁the ▁gro oved ▁tongue ▁and ▁directed ▁air flow , ▁or ▁the ▁high ▁frequencies , ▁of ▁a ▁s ibil ant . ▁ ▁Its ▁place ▁of ▁art ic ulation ▁is ▁postal ve olar , ▁which ▁means ▁it ▁is ▁art ic ulated ▁with ▁either ▁the ▁tip ▁or ▁the ▁bla de ▁of ▁the ▁tongue ▁behind ▁the ▁al ve olar ▁r idge . ▁ ▁Occ urrence ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁E zh ▁Vo ic eless ▁postal ve olar ▁fr ic ative ▁ ▁Index ▁of ▁ph on et ics ▁articles ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Post al ve olar ▁con son ants ▁Category : F ric ative ▁con son ants ▁Category : P ul mon ic ▁con son ants ▁Category : V o iced ▁or al ▁con son ants |
▁Category : Cent ral ▁con son ants ▁Category : Lab ial – cor onal ▁con son ants <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁B . ▁Hart ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁football ▁player ▁and ▁coach . ▁The ▁Y ale ▁University ▁gradu ate ▁served ▁as ▁head ▁coach ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁at ▁Austin ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 2 . ▁He ▁holds ▁a ▁ 6 – 3 – 1 ▁record ▁at ▁Texas . ▁ ▁At ▁ ▁and ▁we igh ing ▁ ▁Hart ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁smallest ▁back s ▁Y ale ▁ever ▁had . ▁Hart ▁had ▁to ▁leave ▁Texas ▁after ▁a ▁ 1 2 – 0 ▁loss ▁to ▁Texas ▁A & M . ▁ ▁Head ▁co aching ▁record ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁death ▁missing ▁Category : Tex as ▁Long horn s ▁football ▁coach es ▁Category : Y ale ▁Bul ld ogs ▁football ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Hard t ack ▁is ▁a ▁set ▁of ▁rules ▁for ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁mini ature ▁w arg aming ▁by ▁Lou ▁Z oc chi . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁published ▁as ▁a ▁thirty - page ▁pam ph let ▁by ▁Gu id on ▁Games ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 1 , ▁with ▁an ▁introduction ▁by ▁Gary ▁G yg ax ▁and ▁art work ▁by ▁Don ▁Low ry . ▁▁ ▁Hard t ack ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁set ▁of ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁rules ▁published ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁had ▁an ▁early ▁following . ▁ ▁Though ▁it ▁had ▁been ▁supp l anted ▁by ▁Scott ▁Bow den ' s ▁Stars ▁and ▁B |
ars ▁and ▁John ▁Hill ' s ▁Johnny ▁Reb ▁ 3 ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁de cade ▁and ▁now ▁is ▁s eld om ▁played ▁at ▁w arg aming ▁convent ions , ▁Hard t ack ▁is ▁considered ▁ground bre aking , ▁us her ing ▁in ▁an ▁era ▁of ▁Civil ▁War ▁mini ature ▁w arg aming ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Hard t ack , ▁a ▁common ▁type ▁of ▁r ations ▁during ▁the ▁Civil ▁War . ▁ ▁Category : American ▁Civil ▁War ▁mini ature ▁w arg ames ▁Category : G uid on ▁Games ▁games <0x0A> </s> ▁N TT ▁West ▁Ky oto ▁Soccer ▁Club ▁was ▁a ▁Japanese ▁football ▁club ▁based ▁in ▁Ky oto . ▁The ▁club ▁played ▁in ▁Japan ▁Soccer ▁League ▁Division ▁ 2 . ▁It ▁last ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁Ky oto ▁Pref ect ural ▁League ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁Club ▁name ▁? – 1 9 8 4 ▁: ▁N TT ▁K ink i ▁SC ▁ 1 9 8 5 – 1 9 9 8 ▁: ▁N TT ▁K ans ai ▁SC ▁ 1 9 9 9 – 2 0 1 1 ▁: ▁N TT ▁West ▁Ky oto ▁SC ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Football ▁of ▁Japan ▁ ▁Category : Foot ball ▁clubs ▁in ▁Japan ▁Category : J apan ▁Soccer ▁League ▁clubs ▁Category : S ports ▁teams ▁in ▁Ky oto ▁Pref ect ure ▁Category : N ipp on ▁Te legraph ▁and ▁Tele phone ▁Category : Def unct ▁football ▁clubs ▁in ▁Japan <0x0A> </s> ▁Pol es ▁in ▁Chicago ▁are ▁made ▁up ▁of |
▁both ▁imm igr ant ▁Pol es ▁and ▁Americans ▁of ▁Polish ▁her itage ▁living ▁in ▁Chicago , ▁Illinois . ▁They ▁are ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁world wide ▁Pol onia , ▁the ▁Polish ▁term ▁for ▁the ▁Polish ▁D ias por a ▁outside ▁of ▁Poland . ▁Pol es ▁in ▁Chicago ▁have ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁economic , ▁social ▁and ▁cultural ▁well - be ing ▁of ▁Chicago ▁from ▁its ▁very ▁beginning . ▁Pol es ▁have ▁been ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁Chicago ▁since ▁ 1 8 3 7 , ▁when ▁Captain ▁Joseph ▁Nap ier al ski , ▁along ▁with ▁other ▁veter ans ▁of ▁the ▁November ▁U pr ising ▁first ▁set ▁foot ▁there . ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁U . S . ▁census , ▁Pol es ▁in ▁Chicago ▁were ▁the ▁largest ▁European ▁American ▁eth nic ▁group ▁in ▁the ▁city , ▁making ▁up ▁ 7 . 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁total ▁population . ▁However , ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 – 2 0 0 8 ▁American ▁Community ▁Survey , ▁German ▁Americans ▁and ▁Irish ▁Americans ▁each ▁had ▁slightly ▁sur pass ed ▁Polish ▁Americans ▁as ▁the ▁largest ▁European ▁American ▁eth nic ▁groups ▁in ▁Chicago . ▁German ▁Americans ▁made ▁up ▁ 7 . 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁population , ▁and ▁number ed ▁at ▁ 1 9 9 , 7 8 9 ; ▁Irish ▁Americans ▁also ▁made ▁up ▁ 7 . 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁population , ▁and ▁number ed ▁at ▁ 1 9 9 , 2 9 4 . ▁Polish ▁Americans ▁now ▁made ▁up ▁ 6 |
. 7 % ▁of ▁Chicago ' s ▁population , ▁and ▁number ed ▁at ▁ 1 8 2 , 0 6 4 . ▁Polish ▁is ▁the ▁third ▁most ▁widely ▁spoken ▁language ▁in ▁Chicago ▁behind ▁English ▁and ▁Spanish . ▁ ▁History ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁Pol es ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁together ▁with ▁Captain ▁Nap ier al ski , ▁a ▁veter an ▁of ▁Cross ▁Mountain ▁during ▁the ▁November ▁U pr ising . ▁Al ong ▁with ▁him ▁came ▁other ▁early ▁Polish ▁sett lers ▁such ▁as ▁Major ▁Louis ▁Ch lop icki , ▁the ▁nep hew ▁of ▁General ▁Jó zef ▁Ch ł op icki ▁who ▁had ▁been ▁the ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁ins urre ction . ▁Not ▁to ▁mention ▁certain ▁A . ▁Pan ak as ke ▁( Pan ak ask i ) ▁who ▁res ided ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁w ard ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 3 0 s ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁J . ▁Z olis ki ▁who ▁lived ▁in ▁the ▁sixth ▁w ard ▁with ▁records ▁of ▁both ▁men ▁having ▁cast ▁their ▁ball ots ▁for ▁William ▁B . ▁Og den ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 3 7 ▁mayor al ▁race ▁in ▁Chicago . ▁ ▁Distribution ▁According ▁to ▁Domin ic ▁P acy ga , ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁Pol es ▁who ▁first ▁came ▁to ▁Chicago ▁settled ▁in ▁five ▁distinct ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁The ▁first ▁of ▁those ▁Polish ▁P atch es , ▁as ▁they ▁were ▁col lo qu ial ly ▁referred ▁to , ▁was ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁Near ▁North west ▁Side . ▁Cent ering ▁on ▁the ▁Polish ▁Tri |
angle ▁at ▁the ▁intersection ▁of ▁Mil w au kee ▁and ▁Ash land ▁a ven ues ▁with ▁Division ▁street ▁it ▁later ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁Polish ▁Dow nt own . ▁The ▁second ▁large ▁settlement , ▁developed ▁in ▁P ils en ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁side ▁near ▁ 1 8 th ▁street ▁and ▁Ash land ▁a venue . ▁Pol es ▁established ▁two ▁separate ▁enc la ves ▁in ▁the ▁Stock ▁Y ard ▁district , ▁one ▁in ▁Bridge port , ▁the ▁other ▁in ▁the ▁Back ▁of ▁the ▁Y ards ▁near ▁ 4 7 th ▁street ▁and ▁Ash land ▁a venue . ▁Another ▁Polish ▁neighborhood ▁developed ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁massive ▁Illinois ▁Ste el ▁works ▁in ▁South ▁Chicago ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁col lo qu ial ly ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁" the ▁Bush ". ▁ ▁Polish ▁communities ▁in ▁Chicago ▁were ▁often ▁founded ▁and ▁organized ▁around ▁par ishes ▁mostly ▁by ▁pe asant ▁imm igr ants ▁who ▁named ▁their ▁neighbourhood s ▁after ▁them , ▁like ▁Bron is law owo , ▁named ▁after ▁St . ▁Bron is lava .* ▁Sometimes ▁the ▁neighbourhood s ▁are ▁cont igu ous ▁so ▁its ▁difficult ▁to ▁say ▁precisely ▁where ▁one ▁ends ▁and ▁one ▁begins , ▁as ▁in ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁' St an is law owo ' ▁by ▁the ▁church ▁of ▁St . ▁Stanis laus ▁Kost ka ▁and ▁' T ro j cowo ' ▁by ▁Holy ▁Tr inity ▁Polish ▁Mission ▁in ▁the ▁former ▁area ▁of ▁Polish ▁Dow nt own . ▁ ▁Initial ▁historical ▁Polish ▁patch es ▁ ▁In ▁Polish ▁the ▁ending ▁' owo ' ▁in ▁e . g |
., ▁Bron is law owo ▁functions ▁similar ▁to ▁English ▁' ville ' ▁in ▁Joh ns ville ▁or ▁' ton ' ▁in ▁Char l eston . ▁When ▁added ▁to ▁a ▁name ▁of ▁a ▁saint , ▁it ▁indicates ▁a ▁Polish ▁sound ing ▁town ▁or ▁a ▁village . ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁col lo qu ial ▁phenomen on , ▁not ▁present ▁in ▁educated ▁Polish ; ▁however , ▁it ▁pers ists ▁in ▁the ▁names ▁of ▁different ▁Polish ▁areas ▁of ▁Chicago . ▁ ▁Polish ▁Dow nt own - ▁( P ul ask i ▁Park , ▁River ▁West , ▁Buck town , ▁W icker ▁Park , ▁East ▁Village , ▁and ▁No ble ▁Square ) ▁ ▁Tro j cowo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁Holy ▁Tr inity ▁Polish ▁Mission ▁Stanis law owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Stanis laus ▁Kost ka ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Kant owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁John ▁Cant ius ▁in ▁Chicago ▁M l od z ian kow o ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁Holy ▁In noc ents ▁in ▁Chicago ▁F idel is owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁F idel is ▁Helen owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Helen ▁Marian owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Mary ▁of ▁the ▁Ang els ▁in ▁Chicago ▁J ad wig owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Hed wig ' s ▁in ▁Chicago ▁ ▁Lower ▁West ▁Side ▁Woj cie ch owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Ad al bert ' s ▁in ▁Chicago ▁An now o ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁An ns ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Roman |
owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Roman ' s ▁Kaz im ierz owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁former ▁St . ▁Cas imir ' s ▁ ▁Bridge port ▁N MP ▁Nie ust aj ace j ▁Pom ocy ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Mary ▁of ▁Per pet ual ▁Help ▁Bar bar owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Barbara ▁in ▁Chicago ▁ ▁Back ▁of ▁the ▁Y ards ▁Jo zef owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Joseph ' s ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Jan owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁John ▁of ▁God ▁Ser can owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁Sac red ▁Heart ▁ ▁South ▁Chicago ▁Nie p ok olan owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁Im mac ulate ▁Con ception ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Mich al owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Michael ' s ▁in ▁Chicago ▁Mag d alen owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Mary ▁Mag dal ene ▁Bron is law owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁Bron is lava ▁ ▁Sub sequ ent ▁historical ▁Polish ▁patch es ▁Later ▁as ▁Pol es ▁grew ▁in ▁number ▁and ▁advanced ▁econom ically , ▁they ▁migr ated ▁further ▁out ▁into ▁out lying ▁areas . ▁The ▁result ▁was ▁that ▁the ▁West ▁Town / Log an ▁Square ▁settlement ▁in ▁Polish ▁Dow nt own ▁spread ▁west ward ▁along ▁North ▁Avenue ▁and ▁north west ward ▁along ▁Mil w au kee ▁thereby ▁creating ▁a ▁" Pol ish ▁Cor rid or " ▁which ▁tied ▁in ▁cont igu ous ▁areas ▁such ▁as ▁Nor wood ▁Park , ▁Jefferson ▁Park , ▁Port age |
▁Park , ▁and ▁Bel mont - C rag in . ▁The ▁same ▁kind ▁of ▁advance ▁occurred ▁in ▁the ▁other ▁original ▁areas ▁of ▁Polish ▁settlement s ▁so ▁that ▁Pol es ▁from ▁both ▁the ▁Lower ▁West ▁Side ▁and ▁the ▁Back ▁of ▁the ▁Y ards ▁moved ▁into ▁both ▁sides ▁of ▁Arch er ▁Avenue , ▁giving ▁rise ▁to ▁s izable ▁Polish ▁settlement s ▁on ▁the ▁South west ▁Side ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁such ▁as ▁McK in ley ▁Park , ▁Gar field ▁R idge , ▁Bright on ▁Park ▁and ▁Arch er ▁He ights . ▁On ▁the ▁far ▁S out heast ▁Side , ▁the ▁South ▁Chicago ▁" ste el ▁mill ▁settlement s " ▁sp illed ▁over ▁into ▁P ull man , ▁Ros eland , ▁East ▁Side , ▁H eg ew isch ▁and ▁Cal um et ▁City ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁into ▁Lake ▁County ▁in ▁North west ▁Indiana , ▁where ▁th riv ing ▁Polish ▁communities ▁were ▁found ▁in ▁North ▁Hamm ond , ▁Wh iting , ▁the ▁Indian ▁Har bor ▁section ▁of ▁East ▁Chicago ▁and ▁several ▁neighborhood s ▁in ▁the ▁newly ▁built ▁industrial ▁city ▁of ▁Gary . ▁ ▁North ▁Side ▁of ▁Chicago ▁ ▁Lincoln ▁Park ▁Jo za f at owo ▁or ▁K asz ub owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Jos ap hat ' s ▁in ▁Chicago ▁which ▁was ▁initially ▁heavily ▁Cass ub ian ▁ ▁Lincoln ▁Square ▁U ▁Pr zem ien ienia ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁Trans fig uration ▁ ▁Av ond ale ▁Chicago ' s ▁Polish ▁Village : ▁Jack owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St |
. ▁Hy ac inth ▁Bas il ica ▁W ac law owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁W ences laus ▁ ▁Ir ving ▁Park ▁Pol skie ▁Wille ▁- ▁The ▁land mark ▁Villa ▁District , ▁histor ically ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" Pol ish ▁Ken il worth " ▁Nie p okal an owo / ▁M ał e ▁K asz uby ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁Im mac ulate ▁Heart ▁of ▁Mary , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Little ▁Cass ub ia ▁ ▁Port age ▁Park ▁W ład ys ław owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Lad is laus ▁in ▁Chicago ▁ ▁Jefferson ▁Park ▁Konst anc owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Const ance ▁ ▁Nor wood ▁Park ▁T ek low o ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁The cla ▁ ▁Bel mont ▁C rag in ▁Jak ub owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁St . ▁James ▁U ▁B isk up a / ▁B isk up owo ▁( St an is law owo ) ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Stanis laus ▁Bishop ▁and ▁Mart yr ▁ ▁H umb old t ▁Park ▁Francis z kow o ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Francis ▁of ▁Ass isi ▁ ▁South ▁Side ▁of ▁Chicago ▁McK in ley ▁Park ▁Pi otrop aw low o ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁S s ▁Peter ▁and ▁Paul ▁ ▁Arch er ▁He ights ▁Brun owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁St . ▁Bruno ▁ ▁Gar field ▁R idge |
▁K amil owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Cam ill us ▁by ▁Mid way ▁Airport ▁ ▁Bright on ▁Park ▁U ▁Pie ciu ▁Bra ci ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁Five ▁Holy ▁Mart y rs ▁P ank rac owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁P anc r ati us ▁ ▁South ▁Law nd ale ▁U ▁D obre go ▁P aster za / ▁P aster z owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁Good ▁She ph erd ▁ ▁West ▁El sd on ▁Tur ib ius z owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Tur ib ius ▁ ▁Ros eland ▁Sal ome j owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Sal ome a ▁ ▁H eg ew isch ▁Flor ian owo ▁– ▁The ▁area ▁around ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁St . ▁Flor ian ▁ ▁Over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁city ' s ▁development ▁as ▁the ▁city ' s ▁Polish ▁community ▁clim bed ▁further ▁up ▁the ▁economic ▁lad der ▁and ▁were ▁followed ▁by ▁new ▁waves ▁of ▁imm igr ants ▁the ▁concentration ▁of ▁Pol es ▁shift ed ▁to ▁different ▁areas ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁ ▁Religion ▁ ▁As ▁in ▁Poland , ▁the ▁over wh el ming ▁majority ▁of ▁Polish ▁imm igr ants ▁who ▁settled ▁in ▁Chicago ▁were ▁cult ur ally ▁very ▁dev out ▁Roman ▁C athol ics . ▁ ▁Though ▁almost ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁Polish ▁Americans ▁remained ▁loyal ▁to ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁after ▁imm igr ating , ▁a ▁break away ▁Catholic ▁church ▁was ▁founded ▁in |
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