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World ▁Bank ▁Category : Organ izations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁Sy rt os ▁( , ▁also ▁s irt os ; ▁pl ural ▁s yr to i ; ▁sometimes ▁called ▁in ▁English ▁using ▁the ▁Greek ▁accus ative ▁forms ▁s yr to ▁and ▁sir to ; ▁from ▁the ▁, ▁sy ro , ▁" drag ▁[ the ▁dance ] ") ▁is , ▁in ▁classical ▁and ▁modern ▁Greece : ▁a ▁folk ▁dance ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁d anc ers ▁link ▁hands ▁to ▁form ▁a ▁chain ▁or ▁circle , ▁head ed ▁by ▁a ▁leader ▁who ▁inter mitt ently ▁breaks ▁away ▁to ▁perform ▁impro vised ▁steps . ▁ ▁Sy rt os , ▁along ▁with ▁its ▁relative ▁kal am at ian os , ▁are ▁the ▁most ▁popular ▁d ances ▁throughout ▁Greece ▁and ▁Cy pr us , ▁and ▁are ▁frequently ▁dan ced ▁by ▁the ▁Greek ▁di as por a ▁world wide . ▁They ▁are ▁very ▁popular ▁in ▁social ▁gather ings , ▁wed d ings ▁and ▁religious ▁festiv als . ▁Sy rt os ▁and ▁kal am at ian os ▁use ▁the ▁same ▁dance ▁steps , ▁but ▁the ▁sy rt os ▁is ▁in ▁ ▁time ▁and ▁the ▁kal am at ian os ▁is ▁in ▁ ▁time , ▁organized ▁in ▁a ▁slow ▁( 3 ▁beat ), ▁quick ▁( 2 ▁beat ), ▁quick ▁( 2 ▁beat ) ▁rh ythm . ▁ ▁Sy rt os ▁and ▁kal am at ian os ▁are ▁line ▁d ances ▁and ▁circle ▁d ances , ▁done ▁with ▁the ▁d anc ers ▁in ▁a ▁cur ving ▁line ▁holding |
▁hands , ▁facing ▁right . ▁ ▁The ▁dan cer ▁at ▁the ▁right ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁line ▁is ▁the ▁leader . ▁ ▁He ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁a ▁solo ▁perform er , ▁impro vis ing ▁show y ▁tw isting ▁skill ful ▁moves ▁as ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁line ▁does ▁the ▁basic ▁step . ▁ ▁While ▁he ▁does ▁this , ▁the ▁next ▁dan cer ▁in ▁line ▁stops ▁dan cing ▁and ▁holds ▁him ▁up ▁with ▁a ▁tw isted ▁hand ker ch ief ▁linking ▁their ▁hands , ▁so ▁he ▁can ▁turn ▁and ▁not ▁fall ▁down , ▁as ▁in ▁the ▁Ant ik rist os . ▁ ▁In ▁some ▁parts ▁of ▁sy rt os , ▁pairs ▁of ▁d anc ers ▁hold ▁a ▁hand ker ch ief ▁from ▁its ▁two ▁sides . ▁ ▁R enn ell ▁Rod d ▁( 1 8 9 2 ) ▁suggests ▁that ▁the ▁dance ▁is ▁an ▁im itation ▁of ▁the ▁action ▁of ▁drawing ▁in ▁the ▁seine ▁net . ▁C . ▁T . ▁Dim ar as ▁ ▁describes ▁an ▁ins cription ▁from ▁the ▁times ▁of ▁Cal ig ula , ▁which ▁imp lied ▁that ▁already ▁at ▁these ▁times ▁Sy rt os ▁was ▁considered ▁an ▁ancient ▁Greek ▁dance ▁of ▁local ▁tradition . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Sy rt os , ▁ancient ▁chain ▁dance ▁of ▁Greece . ▁It ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁Luci an ▁( c . ▁AD ▁ 1 2 5 – 1 9 0 ) ▁and ▁is ▁still ▁dan ced ▁today ▁in ▁many ▁vari eties ▁in ▁the ▁Greek ▁islands . ▁Trad itionally , ▁it ▁was ▁dan ced ▁by ▁seg reg ated |
▁lines ▁of ▁men ▁and ▁women , ▁a ▁youth ▁leading ▁the ▁line ▁of ▁girls ; ▁lines ▁now ▁are ▁frequently ▁mixed . ▁The ▁d anc ers ▁in ▁the ▁chain ▁maintain ▁a ▁simple ▁fundamental ▁step , ▁but ▁the ▁leader ▁impro vis es , ▁often ▁breaking ▁away ▁from ▁the ▁line . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 0 3 ▁the ▁surv iving ▁women ▁of ▁the ▁war - t orn ▁town ▁of ▁Sou li , ▁faced ▁with ▁capture ▁by ▁Turkish ▁troops , ▁dan ced ▁the ▁sy rt os ▁as ▁they ▁threw ▁themselves ▁off ▁the ▁mountain ▁of ▁Z ál ongo . ▁The ▁kal am at ian os , ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁sy rt os ▁and ▁a ▁prof ound ly ▁popular ▁national ▁dance , ▁is ▁frequently ▁dan ced ▁to ▁the ▁ball ad ▁of ▁Z ál ongo . ▁The ▁met re ▁of ▁the ▁kal am at ian os ▁is ▁ 7 / 8 ▁( 3 ▁+ ▁ 2 ▁+ ▁ 2 ); ▁the ▁sy rt os ▁met re ▁is ▁usually ▁ 2 / 4 . ▁Both ▁the ▁leader ▁and ▁other ▁d anc ers ▁may ▁improv ise ▁in ▁the ▁kal am at ian os , ▁the ▁leader ▁le aping ▁and ▁fl our ishing ▁his ▁hand ker ch ief ▁and , ▁when ▁he ▁cho oses , ▁passing ▁it ▁to ▁a ▁new ▁leader . ▁▁ ▁A ▁relevant ▁ancient ▁Greek ▁dance ▁may ▁be ▁the ▁" H orm os ", ▁literally ▁" a ▁string ". ▁ ▁Regional ▁variation ▁ ▁The ▁Greek ▁main land , ▁from ▁the ▁Pel op onn ese ▁and ▁Th ess aly ▁to ▁Mac |
ed onia ▁and ▁Th race , ▁uses ▁mainly ▁the ▁ 7 / 8 ▁rh ythm ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁dance ▁ ▁, ▁in ▁contrast ▁to ▁Cre te , ▁the ▁A ege an ▁islands , ▁Asia ▁Minor ▁and ▁Constantin ople ▁that ▁use ▁ 4 / 4 ▁. ▁ ▁S yr to - kal am at ian os ▁Kal am at ian os ▁sy rt os ▁or ▁s yr to - kal am at ian os ▁are ▁the ▁most ▁popular ▁Greek ▁folk d ance ▁s yr to i ▁in ▁Greece , ▁Cy pr us ▁and ▁intern ation ally . ▁The ▁steps ▁of ▁the ▁Kal am at ian os ▁are ▁the ▁same ▁as ▁those ▁of ▁the ▁Sy rt os , ▁but ▁the ▁latter ▁is ▁slower ▁and ▁more ▁stat ely , ▁its ▁beat ▁being ▁an ▁even ▁. ▁Trad itionally , ▁it ▁was ▁dan ced ▁by ▁seg reg ated ▁lines ▁of ▁men ▁and ▁women . ▁The ▁lead ▁dan cer ▁usually ▁holds ▁the ▁second ▁dan cer ▁by ▁a ▁hand ker ch ief . ▁ ▁N isi ot ik oi ▁s yr to i ▁S yr to i ▁from ▁the ▁islands ▁or ▁n isi ot ik oi , ▁with ▁the ▁relative ▁local ▁Greek ▁culture ▁of ▁the ▁islands . ▁ ▁N isi ot ik oi ▁s yr to i ▁include : ▁Kal am at ian os , ▁Sou sta , ▁Sy rt os ▁from ▁I k aria , ▁Pent oz ali , ▁P id ik ht os , ▁Rh od it ik os , ▁Sy rt os ▁from ▁Sym i , ▁Sky |
rian os ▁sy rt os , ▁Male v izi ot ik os , ▁Sam iot ik os ▁sy rt os , ▁Sy rt os ▁from ▁And ros , ▁Sy rt os ▁Chi ot ik os , ▁Sk op el it ik os ▁sy rt os , ▁Sy rt os ▁from ▁Par os , ▁Sy rt os ▁K ith nou , ▁Sy rt os ▁N ax ou , ▁Zak yn th inos ▁sy rt os , ▁S yr to ▁Rod ou , ▁a ▁dance ▁very ▁w ides p read ▁in ▁Greek ▁islands ▁and ▁other . ▁ ▁Sy rt os ▁Ko ft os ▁Ko ft os ▁is ▁a ▁Greek ▁dance ▁that ▁is ▁dan ced ▁in ▁the ▁regions ▁of ▁Th ess aly , ▁Ep irus ▁and ▁central ▁Greece . ▁The ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁dance ▁comes ▁from ▁the ▁cut ▁in ▁t une / music . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁faster ▁s yr to ▁ ▁sta ▁d yo ▁style ▁dance . ▁When ▁the ▁music ▁stops ▁the ▁d anc ers ▁y ell ▁" H ey ". ▁When ▁the ▁music ▁stops ▁you ▁also ▁can ▁put ▁your ▁arms ▁up , ▁down , ▁or ▁cla p . ▁It ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁dan ced ▁going ▁backwards ▁and ▁for wards ▁or ▁with ▁partners . ▁" K o ft os " ▁in ▁Greek ▁means ▁to ▁cut ▁and ▁the ▁music ▁cut s ▁period ically . ▁This ▁is ▁how ▁the ▁name ▁came ▁about . ▁ ▁C ret an ▁Sy rt os ▁C ret an ▁Sy rt os ▁comes ▁from ▁Western ▁Cre te , ▁Ch ania ▁in ▁particular . |
▁According ▁to ▁tradition ▁, ▁during ▁the ▁Fall ▁of ▁Constantin ople , ▁the ▁C ret an ▁def enders ▁of ▁the ▁City , ▁during ▁the ▁p aus es ▁of ▁battle , ▁sang ▁between ▁themselves ▁po etic ▁words ▁ur ging ▁each ▁other ▁to ▁bra very , ▁using ▁two ▁mel od ic ▁mot ives , ▁Pro t os ▁Ch ani ot ik os ▁( First , ▁from ▁Ch ania ) ▁and ▁De ut eros ▁Ch ani ot ik os ▁( Second , ▁from ▁Ch ania ) ▁or ▁K iss am it ik os ▁( from ▁K iss amos ). ▁When ▁the ▁City ▁fell , ▁the ▁Sultan , ▁obser ving ▁the ▁bra very ▁of ▁the ▁C ret ans ▁allowed ▁them ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁their ▁hom eland , ▁Western ▁Cre te , ▁fully ▁armed . ▁Thus , ▁these ▁two ▁mel od ies , ▁the ▁arch et ypes ▁of ▁all ▁other ▁C ret an ▁S yr to i , ▁were ▁introduced ▁to ▁Cre te ▁and ▁in ▁subsequent ▁years ▁they ▁were ▁put ▁into ▁dance . ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁observed ▁by ▁authority ▁of ▁Greek ▁traditional ▁music ▁Dom na ▁Sam i ou , ▁that ▁the ▁C ret an ▁Sy rt os ▁res emb les ▁to ▁a ▁certain ▁degree ▁the ▁d ances ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁name ▁from ▁Constantin ople , ▁the ▁A ege an ▁and ▁Asia ▁Minor ▁. ▁ ▁Ch ort ar ak ia ▁( S y rt os ▁Bot ait ik os ) ▁A ▁sy rt os ▁from ▁Arc ad ia , ▁it ▁has ▁become ▁a ▁pan - H ellen ic ▁dance . |
▁ ▁The ▁older , ▁two - part ▁sy rt os ▁bot ait ik os ▁from ▁Pal ai opy rg os ▁( former ly ▁Bod ias ) ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁done ▁to ▁this ▁music . ▁This ▁older ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁dance ▁features ▁men ▁and ▁women ▁in ▁two ▁separate ▁lines , ▁the ▁men ▁behind ▁the ▁women . ▁They ▁merge ▁into ▁one ▁line ▁of ▁mixed ▁men ▁and ▁women ▁and ▁then ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁two ▁lines , ▁using ▁the ▁ancient ▁chain ▁hold ▁that ▁can ▁be ▁seen ▁on ▁ancient ▁Greek ▁v ase ▁paint ings . ▁The ▁song ▁tells ▁of ▁a ▁young ▁man ▁meeting ▁an ▁old ▁man ▁and ▁asking , ▁" Where ▁are ▁the ▁gre ens ▁of ▁the ▁me adow , ▁the ▁water ▁from ▁the ▁well ?" ▁ ▁Polit iko ▁s yr to ▁Polit iko ▁s yr to ▁is ▁from ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁Constantin ople ▁in ▁Asia ▁Minor . ▁Constantin ople ▁was ▁referred ▁as ▁" the ▁city " ▁( or ▁" pol i ") ▁because ▁of ▁its ▁importance ▁as ▁a ▁seat ▁of ▁culture ▁and ▁trade ▁in ▁the ▁civil ized ▁world . ▁S yr to ▁( from ▁the ▁Greek ▁word ▁" s y ro " ▁meaning ▁to ▁pull ▁or , ▁more ▁accur ately , ▁to ▁lead ) ▁is ▁character ized ▁by ▁its ▁slow - quick - quick ▁rh ythm ▁within ▁its ▁ ▁meter . ▁There ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁similar ▁dance , ▁the ▁Sil iv rian os ▁Sy rt os . ▁ ▁S yr to ▁K ef all on ias ▁This ▁dance ▁is ▁from ▁the ▁island ▁of ▁K ef all onia |
▁in ▁the ▁I onian ▁Sea . ▁ ▁Sy rt os ▁Dance ▁From ▁Born ova ▁( B ourn oval ios ▁Sy rt os ) ▁This ▁is ▁dan ced ▁to ▁a ▁song ▁entitled ▁Ti ▁Th a ▁Y ino , ▁E go ▁Me ▁S ena ▁(" What ▁Sh all ▁I ▁Be come , ▁I ▁with ▁You ?" ), ▁the ▁story ▁of ▁an ▁erst while ▁court ship : ▁ ▁What ▁am ▁I ▁to ▁do ▁with ▁you ▁Pan ay iot is ? ▁You ’ ve ▁st olen ▁my ▁heart ▁and ▁youth . ▁For ▁three ▁years ▁now ▁you ’ ve ▁ens la ved ▁me ▁and ▁you ’ vet or ment ed ▁me , ▁but ▁I ’ ve ▁got ▁your ▁game ▁now , ▁you ▁li ar , ▁and ▁know ▁that ▁you ’ ve ▁no ▁feelings ▁for ▁me . ▁You ▁come ▁to ▁my ▁neighborhood ▁to ▁chat ▁with ▁me , ▁and ▁you ▁come ▁and ▁go ▁in ▁my ▁house ▁and ▁laugh ▁behind ▁everyone ’ s ▁back . ▁But ▁you ▁must ▁know ▁that ▁my ▁mother ▁will ▁not ▁be ▁ash amed ▁to ▁tell ▁you ▁that ▁you ’ re ▁a ▁li ar ▁and ▁a ▁sc ound rel . ▁You ▁better ▁leave ▁before ▁she ▁sees ▁you , ▁and ▁face ▁it , ▁she ’ ll ▁kick ▁you ▁out , ▁Pan ay iot is . ▁Then ▁she ’ ll ▁marry ▁me ▁off ▁to ▁someone ▁else , ▁and ▁I ’ ll ▁be ▁fre ed ▁from ▁you , ▁Pan ay iot is . ▁ ▁Sy rt os ▁S ink ath ist os ▁Circle ▁pid ik ht os ▁dance , ▁with ▁the |
▁steps ▁of ▁simple ▁" s y rt os " ▁and ▁the ▁squ at - steps ▁of ▁" s yg k ath ist os ", ▁a ▁sy rt os ▁dance ▁w ides p read ▁in ▁Th ess aly ▁and ▁Th race . ▁ ▁Sy rt os ▁M aked on ias ▁Sy rt os ▁of ▁Mac ed onia , ▁is ▁another ▁one ▁form ▁of ▁sy rt os , ▁dan ced ▁in ▁the ▁Greek ▁region ▁of ▁Mac ed onia . ▁ ▁Sy rt os ▁P yle as ▁This ▁dance ▁is ▁from ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Mac ed onia ▁called ▁P yle as . ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁variations ▁is ▁called ▁" arm ▁al o ft ," ▁as ▁d anc ers ▁raise ▁their ▁arms ▁rh ythm ically ▁over ▁their ▁heads ▁and ▁back ▁down ▁again . ▁The ▁Dance ▁is ▁mainly ▁done ▁by ▁women . ▁ ▁S yr to ▁B af ra ▁Also ▁known ▁as ▁Om ali , ▁in ▁the ▁Ker as ount a / G ires un ▁region , ▁this ▁dance ▁is ▁called ▁s yr to , ▁kar sh il id iko ▁om al , ▁la kh ana ▁( after ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁song , ▁which ▁means ▁cab bage ), ▁ker as ount a iko ▁or ▁kot si ht on ▁om al , ▁w ides p read ▁in ▁Asia ▁minor . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁ ▁rh ythm ▁and ▁be ars ▁no ▁res embl ance ▁to ▁what ▁we ▁usually ▁call ▁s yr to , ▁which ▁is ▁usually ▁either ▁a ▁ ▁kal am at ian os ▁or ▁ ▁rh ythm . |
▁In ▁this ▁case , ▁the ▁name ▁most ▁likely ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁style , ▁what ▁we ▁call ▁drag ging ▁d ances . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Music ▁of ▁Greece ▁Greek ▁d ances ▁Kal am at ian os ▁T sam iko ▁S irt aki ▁O mal ▁Hor on ▁Kh ig ga ▁H ora ▁D ab ke ▁Koch ari ▁Tam z ara ▁An ▁Dro ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁http :// www . g reek folk music and d ance . com / book d ance . php ▁Sy rt os ▁M aked on ias ▁from ▁Ch alk idi ke ▁Sy rt os ▁from ▁Ch ios ▁' St in ▁Ag ia ▁Mark ella ' ▁Videos ▁Sy rt os ▁Ch ani ot ik os ▁Sy rt os ▁P yle as ▁Sy rt os ▁M aked on ias ▁Sy rt os ▁Sing ath ist os ▁Th race ▁S yr to ▁Ke ff al on ias ▁Sy ll iv ri ano ▁Sy rt os ▁Asia ▁Minor / A ege an ▁Islands ▁Kal am at ian os ▁ ▁Category : An cient ▁Greek ▁d ances ▁Category : Europe an ▁folk ▁d ances ▁Category : G reek ▁d ances ▁Category : G reek ▁music ▁Category : G reek ▁words ▁and ▁phr ases ▁Category : Circ le ▁d ances <0x0A> </s> ▁Saint - M éd ard ▁is ▁a ▁commune ▁in ▁the ▁Lot ▁department ▁in ▁south - western ▁France . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Comm unes ▁of ▁the ▁Lot ▁department ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁IN SEE ▁commune ▁file ▁ ▁Saint med ard <0x0A> </s> ▁November ▁Group |
▁were ▁an ▁alternative ▁musical ▁group , ▁and ▁a ▁particip ant ▁of ▁the ▁Boston ▁new ▁wave ▁scene ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁The ▁group ▁was ▁formed ▁primarily ▁around ▁two ▁female ▁mus icians , ▁vocal ist ▁and ▁guitar ist ▁Ann ▁Prim ▁and ▁keyboard ist ▁K ear ney ▁Kir by . ▁Other ▁members ▁included ▁Jo el ▁Be ale ▁and ▁Al van ▁Long . ▁The ▁band ▁took ▁their ▁name ▁from ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁early ▁tw enti eth - century ▁German ▁expression ist ▁artists ▁known ▁as ▁November ▁Group . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁musical ▁style ▁has ▁been ▁described ▁as ▁cold ▁wave . ▁ ▁History ▁November ▁Group ▁formed ▁in ▁Boston ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁by ▁Ann ▁Prim ▁and ▁K ear ney ▁Kir by , ▁former ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁group ▁W under kind . ▁The ▁group ▁produced ▁cold , ▁ar ty ▁synth es izer ▁music . ▁Their ▁first ▁major ▁album ▁release ▁was ▁Work ▁that ▁Dream , ▁releases ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁on ▁A ▁& ▁M ▁Records . ▁They ▁also ▁recorded ▁an ▁EP ▁in ▁Germany ▁with ▁Peter ▁H au ke ▁of ▁early ▁electronic ▁music ▁pione ers , ▁T anger ine ▁Dream . ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁The ▁disc ography ▁of ▁November ▁Group ▁includes ▁three ▁albums , ▁an ▁EP , ▁and ▁some ▁singles . ▁▁▁▁ ▁November ▁Group ▁on ▁Modern ▁Method ▁Records ▁- 1 9 8 2 ▁ ▁" P ictures ▁of ▁the ▁Hom eland " ▁from ▁November ▁Group ▁ ▁Pers istent ▁Mem ories ▁on ▁Bra in ▁E ater ▁Records ▁- ▁ |
1 9 8 3 ▁▁ ▁" Put ▁Your ▁Back ▁to ▁It " ▁from ▁Pers istent ▁Mem ories ▁Work ▁That ▁Dream ▁EP ▁on ▁A & M ▁Records ▁- ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁ ▁N G 8 9 '' ▁- ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁( re leased ▁on ▁c ass ette ▁t ape ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : American ▁new ▁wave ▁musical ▁groups ▁Category : American ▁post - p unk ▁music ▁groups ▁Category : Mus ical ▁groups ▁from ▁Boston ▁Category : A & M ▁Records ▁artists <0x0A> </s> ▁M urs ▁for ▁President ▁is ▁the ▁sixth ▁studio ▁album ▁by ▁American ▁em ce e ▁M UR S . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁September ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁under ▁Warner ▁B ros . ▁Records , ▁making ▁this ▁his ▁only ▁album ▁to ▁date ▁to ▁be ▁released ▁under ▁a ▁major ▁label . ▁ ▁Release ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁deb uted ▁at ▁No . ▁ 4 5 ▁on ▁Billboard ▁ 2 0 0 ▁and ▁No . ▁ 1 1 ▁on ▁Rap ▁Albums , ▁with ▁ 1 2 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁sold ▁in ▁its ▁first ▁week . ▁It ▁has ▁sold ▁ 5 8 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁as ▁of ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Unless ▁otherwise ▁noted , ▁Information ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁Lin er ▁Notes ▁ ▁Sample ▁Cred its ▁ ▁” I ' m ▁In noc ent ” ▁samples ▁“ In noc ent ▁‘ T il ▁Pro ven ▁Gu ilty ” |
▁( per formed ) ▁by ▁H oney ▁C one . ▁ ▁” Look in ' ▁Fly ” ▁samples ▁“ The ▁Green ▁Hor net ▁Th eme ” ▁by ▁Al ▁H irt . ▁ ▁” Can ▁It ▁Be ” ▁samples ▁“ I ▁W anna ▁Be ▁Where ▁You ▁Are ” ▁by ▁Michael ▁Jackson ▁” Every thing ” ▁samples ▁“ I ’ ll ▁Take ▁Everything ” ▁by ▁James ▁Bl unt . ▁▁ ▁” Th ink ▁You ▁Know ▁Me ” ▁samples ▁“ M oment ▁of ▁Tr uth ” ▁by ▁The ▁Originals . ▁” Me ▁and ▁This ▁Ja wn ” ▁samples ▁“ For ▁the ▁Love ▁of ▁You ” ▁by ▁The ▁Is ley ▁Brothers . ▁” L ove ▁and ▁App reci ate ▁II ” ▁samples ▁“ Now ▁It ’ s ▁Time ▁to ▁Say ▁Good bye ” ▁by ▁Fred a ▁Pay ne . ▁ ▁” Bre ak ▁Up ▁( The ▁O J ▁Song ) ” ▁samples ▁“ Char l ene ” ▁by ▁Anthony ▁Hamilton . ▁” Bre ak through ” ▁samples ▁“ Just ▁Once ” ▁by ▁The ▁Main ▁Ing red ient . ▁ ▁Note ▁While ▁the ▁“ I ▁W anna ▁Be ” ▁Sample ▁is ▁cred ited ▁to ▁The ▁Jackson ▁ 5 ▁in ▁the ▁Lin er ▁Notes , ▁the ▁sample d ▁song ▁was ▁actually ▁performed ▁by ▁Michael ▁Jackson . ▁ ▁Person nel ▁Information ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Album ’ s ▁Lin er ▁notes ▁M urs ▁- ▁Rap ▁V oc als ▁( 1 - 9 , ▁ 1 1 - 1 5 , ▁Le ad ▁on ▁ 1 0 ), ▁Executive ▁Produ cer |
▁ 9 th ▁Wonder ▁- ▁ ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 1 2 ) ▁Christopher ▁A very ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 7 - 8 , ▁ 1 0 - 1 1 ) ▁Cal vin ▁B ail iff ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 2 , ▁ 1 5 ) ▁ ▁Ted ▁“ W ild ▁Anim als ” ▁Ch ung ▁- ▁Audio ▁Mix ing ▁( 1 ), ▁Executive ▁Produ cer ▁ ▁A aron ▁D ahl ▁- ▁Audio ▁Mix ing ▁( 2 , ▁ 4 - 5 , ▁ 8 , ▁ 1 0 - 1 2 , ▁ 1 4 - 1 5 ), ▁Ass istant ▁Engine er ▁( 7 ) ▁DJ ▁Qu ik ▁- ▁DJ ▁Sc r atch es ▁( 4 ), ▁Audio ▁Mix ing ▁( 2 , ▁ 4 - 5 , ▁ 7 - 1 5 ) ▁D yl an ▁Dres d ow ▁- ▁Audio ▁Mix ing ▁( 3 ) ▁Carl it ta ▁Dur and ▁- ▁Add itional ▁V oc als ▁( 1 5 ) ▁K osta ▁El chev ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 4 - 6 ) ▁E van ▁En eman ▁- ▁Add itional ▁V oc als ▁( 1 ) ▁Lat ony a ▁“ T one ▁Tre z ure ” ▁G iv ens ▁- ▁Background ▁V oc als ▁( 1 0 ) ▁Ch u cc ▁Hamilton ▁- ▁Add itional ▁Key boards ▁( 9 ) ▁Chris ▁Jackson ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 9 ) ▁Justin ▁Ke itt ▁- ▁Key boards ▁( 1 ) ▁Pad ra ic ▁Ker |
in ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 3 ) ▁Kh iz man ▁- ▁Add itional ▁Le ad ▁V oc als ▁( 1 0 ) ▁K ok ane ▁- ▁Add itional ▁V oc als ▁( 8 ) ▁Sh v ona ▁Lav ette ▁- ▁Add itional ▁V oc als ▁( 1 ) ▁Robert ▁“ B ub by ” ▁Lewis ▁- ▁Bass ▁played ▁by ▁( 4 ) ▁Victor ▁Man z ano ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 1 , ▁ 1 4 ) ▁Terra ce ▁Martin ▁- ▁Rec ording ▁Engine er ▁( 9 , ▁ 1 3 ) ▁Steven ▁M ud d ▁- ▁Ass istant ▁Engine er ▁( 3 ) ▁Sebastian ▁Nova ▁- ▁Ass istant ▁Engine er ▁( 3 ) ▁Russell ▁“ Double ▁R ” ▁Red ed ux ▁- ▁Executive ▁Produ cer ▁Su k ari ▁Re id - G l enn ▁- ▁Fl ute ▁( 4 ) ▁Terr ence ▁“ S car ” ▁Smith ▁- ▁Add itional ▁V oc als ▁( 1 3 ) ▁La To i ya ▁Williams ▁- ▁Add itional ▁V oc als ▁( 9 ) ▁ ▁Ch arts ▁ ▁Music ▁videos ▁▁ ▁Better ▁Th an ▁the ▁Best ▁ ▁Look in ' ▁Fly ▁ ▁Can ▁It ▁Be ▁( H alf ▁a ▁Mill ion ▁D oll ars ▁and ▁ 1 8 ▁Month s ▁Later ) ▁ ▁Me ▁and ▁This ▁Ja wn ▁ ▁A ▁Part ▁of ▁Me ▁ ▁Break ▁Up ▁( The ▁O J ▁Song ) ▁ ▁The ▁Science ▁ ▁Road ▁Is ▁My ▁Religion ▁ ▁M UR S ▁Administration ▁ ▁M UR S ▁Administration ▁is ▁a |
▁mock ument ary ▁movie ▁about ▁M UR S ▁running ▁for ▁the ▁President ▁of ▁H ip - H op . ▁In ▁the ▁movie ▁he ▁is ▁opposed ▁for ▁the ▁presiden cy ▁by ▁Sw agg ert y ▁and ▁En igg ama . ▁The ▁film ▁runs ▁for ▁ 2 7 : 0 0 , ▁and ▁contains ▁strong ▁language ▁and ▁n ud ity . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁M UR S ▁artist ▁page ▁at ▁Warner ▁B ros . ▁Records ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 8 ▁albums ▁Category : M urs ▁( rapper ) ▁albums ▁Category : W ar ner ▁Records ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁ 9 th ▁Wonder ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁DJ ▁Qu ik ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁N ott z ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁S co op ▁De V ille ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Terra ce ▁Martin ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁will . i . am <0x0A> </s> ▁D oto ▁can ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁▁ ▁D oto , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁N ere ids ▁D oto ▁( g ast rop od ), ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁sea - slug ▁ ▁It ▁can ▁also ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁D OT O , ▁the ▁Dutch ▁football ▁team ▁Do or ▁Ont wik kel ing ▁Tot ▁Ont sp anning ▁ ▁D ot ö , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁Tib et an ▁names ▁for ▁the ▁K ham ▁region <0x0A> </s> ▁No ja ▁is ▁a ▁municipality ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁community |
▁of ▁Cant ab ria , ▁Spain . ▁▁ ▁It ▁has ▁ 2 ▁be aches , ▁" Tr eng and in " ▁and ▁" R is ". ▁ ▁Category : M unicip al ities ▁in ▁Cant ab ria ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Cant ab ria <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁women ' s ▁fe ather weight ▁is ▁a ▁competition ▁featured ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁World ▁Ta ek w ondo ▁Championships , ▁and ▁was ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁Ta ek w ond ow on ▁in ▁Mu ju ▁County , ▁South ▁Korea ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 9 ▁and ▁ 3 0 . ▁Fe ather we ights ▁were ▁limited ▁to ▁a ▁maximum ▁of ▁ 5 7 ▁kil og rams ▁in ▁body ▁mass . ▁ ▁Medal ists ▁ ▁Results ▁Leg end ▁D Q ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁dis qual ification ▁P ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁pun itive ▁declaration ▁R ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁ref eree ▁stop ▁contest ▁ ▁Final s ▁ ▁Top ▁half ▁ ▁Section ▁ 1 ▁ ▁Section ▁ 2 ▁ ▁B ottom ▁half ▁ ▁Section ▁ 3 ▁ ▁Section ▁ 4 ▁ ▁References ▁Draw ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁website ▁ ▁Women ' s ▁ 5 7 ▁World <0x0A> </s> ▁Laura ▁War hol ic ; ▁or , ▁The ▁Sex ual ▁Intel lect ual ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁novel ▁by ▁Alexander ▁Ther oux . ▁The ▁plot ▁concerns ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁Eug ene ▁E y est ones , ▁the ▁writer ▁of ▁an ▁advice ▁column ▁called ▁" The ▁Sex ual ▁Intel lect ual ", ▁and |
▁his ▁editor ' s ▁ex - w ife , ▁Laura ▁War hol ic , ▁whom ▁E y est ones ▁p ities ▁more ▁than ▁lik es . ▁This ▁basic ▁story ▁provides ▁the ▁jump ing ▁off ▁point ▁for ▁Ther oux ' s ▁sat ire ▁of ▁American ▁culture . ▁ ▁Publishing ▁ ▁The ▁book ▁was ▁published ▁by ▁Fant agraph ics ▁Books , ▁a ▁com ics ▁publish er ▁who ▁had ▁published ▁Ther oux ' s ▁mon ograph s ▁on ▁Edward ▁G ore y ▁and ▁Al ▁C app . ▁Not ably , ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁all - pro se ▁novel ▁released ▁by ▁the ▁publish er . ▁Ther oux ▁stated ▁they ▁were ▁the ▁only ▁ones ▁" w illing ▁to ▁publish ▁the ▁full ▁manuscript ▁without ▁car ping ▁or ▁co zy ▁ab rid g ements ." ▁ ▁The ▁cover ▁design ▁by ▁the ▁author , ▁showing ▁an ▁un refer enced ▁photo ▁of ▁Ev ely n ▁N es bit ▁taken ▁by ▁Rudolf ▁E ick em ayer ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 1 , ▁has ▁been ▁critic ized ▁as ▁" mis leading ▁at ▁best " ▁as ▁the ▁title ▁character ▁has ▁no ▁res embl ance ▁to ▁her ▁beauty , ▁and ▁the ▁sub title ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁magazine ▁column . ▁After ▁the ▁bound ▁g alle ys ▁of ▁the ▁novel ▁were ▁produced ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁Ther oux ▁added ▁this ▁sentence ▁to ▁justify ▁the ▁cover ▁art , ▁describing ▁protagon ist ▁Eug ene ▁E y est ones ' s ▁room : ▁" Al most ▁in ▁counter point ▁[ to ▁an ▁" ikon ▁of |
▁the ▁Madonna "] ▁hung ▁a ▁photograph ▁of ▁the ▁trans fig uring ly ▁lov ely ▁Ev ely n ▁N es bit , ▁the ▁' G irl ▁on ▁the ▁Vel vet ▁Sw ing ,' ▁v ivid ▁of ▁beauty , ▁long ▁of ▁hair , ▁American ▁i kon ▁of ▁sex ▁and ▁sc andal , ▁love ▁and ▁loss " ▁( p . ▁ 7 1 ). ▁ ▁Plot ▁summary ▁▁ ▁The ▁Sex ual ▁Intel lect ual , ▁a ▁column ▁that ▁discuss es ▁anything ▁related ▁to ▁sex , ▁is ▁written ▁by ▁Eug ene ▁E y est ones , ▁an ▁er ud ite ▁re cl use ▁and ▁spect ac led ▁Vietnam ▁veter an , ▁as ▁a ▁contrib utor ▁to ▁Qu ink , ▁a ▁month ly ▁magazine ▁published ▁in ▁Boston ▁by ▁( Min ot ) ▁War hol ic ▁pr one ▁to ▁pe pper ▁his ▁ver bal ▁out bur st s ▁with ▁Y idd ish isms . ▁ ▁Qu ink ▁has ▁an ▁ec lect ic ▁group ▁ ▁of ▁cow ork ers ▁and ▁collabor ators , ▁an ▁unlikely ▁ ▁“ un iverse ” ▁of ▁color ful ▁and ▁diverse ▁people ▁ ▁full ▁of ▁ ▁disag re ement ▁ ▁and ▁ ▁pre jud ice , ▁ ▁that ▁include ▁characters ▁named ▁ ▁Dis ck nick ers , ▁the ▁“ pse udo - f asc ist ” ▁ ▁account ant , ▁Rat n aster , ▁the ▁at he ist ▁inter v iewer , ▁D ux b ak , ▁E y est ones ' ▁only ▁friend , ▁ ▁Mut rix , ▁the ▁hom oph obe ▁lawyer , ▁Ch |
as ub le , ▁the ▁hom oph ile ▁movie ▁critic , ▁ ▁Har ri et ▁T rom bone , ▁an ▁out sp oken ▁Car ib bean ▁island er , ▁and ▁the ▁les bian ▁pair ▁of ▁Ann ▁Marie ▁T ub b ▁and ▁The ▁Kra uth ammer . ▁ ▁Laura ▁War hol ic , ▁the ▁est r anged ▁former ▁wife ▁of ▁the ▁publish er , ▁had ▁moved ▁from ▁San ▁Francisco ▁to ▁Boston ▁and ▁is ▁being ▁be fri ended ▁by ▁E y est ones . ▁Young er ▁than ▁he , ▁she ▁is ▁“ long ▁and ▁sex less ▁as ▁a ▁rolled ▁um bre lla ” ▁with ▁the ▁“ small ▁white ▁face ▁of ▁a ▁v ire o ”, ▁la cks ▁charm , ▁interests , ▁drive , ▁and ▁amb ition , ▁is ▁unable ▁and ▁unw illing ▁to ▁work , ▁and ▁interested ▁only ▁in ▁rock ▁and ▁rock ▁mus icians . ▁He ▁does ▁not ▁find ▁her ▁attract ive ▁but ▁feels ▁sorry ▁for ▁her ; ▁pity ▁appears ▁his ▁main ▁attract ive ▁force , ▁yet ▁he ▁also ▁explo its ▁her ▁for ▁his ▁writ ings . ▁E y est ones ▁has ▁secret ▁long ings ▁for ▁Rap un zel ▁Wis ht , ▁a ▁beautiful ▁young ▁woman ▁working ▁at ▁the ▁local ▁b ak ery . ▁ ▁After ▁writing ▁a ▁mis og yn istic ▁and ▁controvers ial ▁ess ay ▁- ▁even ▁War hol ic ▁finds ▁it ▁" har sh ▁on ▁the ▁ch icks " ▁- , ▁op ining ▁that ▁women ▁who ▁create ▁" ab rog ate ▁their ▁own ▁psych obi ology ", ▁E y est ones ▁takes |
▁a ▁break ▁from ▁writing ▁and ▁inv ites ▁Laura ▁on ▁a ▁Summer ▁vac ation ▁drive ▁across ▁the ▁country . ▁During ▁their ▁tour ▁their ▁in compat ibility ▁becomes ▁more ▁apparent . ▁Back ▁in ▁Boston , ▁they ▁start ▁to ▁dr ift ▁apart , ▁and ▁Laura ▁becomes ▁obs essed ▁with ▁the ▁Cra ven ▁Sl uck s , ▁a ▁local ▁rock ▁band , ▁throwing ▁herself ▁at ▁its ▁lead ▁singer ▁Jeff . ▁E y est ones , ▁after ▁the ▁Christmas ▁Party ▁of ▁the ▁office , ▁joins ▁his ▁cow ork ers ▁for ▁a ▁trip ▁to ▁the ▁strip ▁bar . ▁C ray ola ▁de ▁Bl u , ▁the ▁sed uct ive ▁main ▁att raction , ▁is ▁none ▁other ▁than ▁his ▁ad ored ▁Rap un zel ; ▁he ▁is ▁angry , ▁feels ▁che ated , ▁lost ▁and ▁dep riv ed . ▁ ▁In ▁his ▁crisis ▁he ▁determ ines ▁that ▁all ▁this ▁was ▁his ▁own ▁short coming ▁and ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁explo ited ▁Laura . ▁Conf ess ing ▁his ▁fail ures ▁to ▁D ux b ak , ▁E y est ones ▁real izes ▁that ▁he ▁has ▁to ▁ask ▁for ▁forg iveness . ▁ ▁He ▁tries ▁to ▁see ▁Laura ▁to ▁am end , ▁but ▁due ▁to ▁a ▁mis ident ification ▁gets ▁shot ▁and ▁killed . ▁Laura , ▁lon ely ▁and ▁des olate , ▁hang s ▁herself . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁Carlo ▁Wol ff ▁calls ▁the ▁novel ▁" a ▁gall im auf ry ▁of ▁minimal ▁action ▁and ▁maximal ▁thought " ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁" a ▁" cred ible ▁st ab ▁at ▁writing ▁the ▁Great |
▁American ▁novel ." ▁“ Un rep ent antly ▁er ud ite ▁and ▁opinion ated , ▁Ther oux ▁is ▁a ▁pro li x ▁poly math ▁with ▁a ▁pred ile ction ▁for ▁employ ing ▁the ▁proper ▁word ▁( even ▁if ▁you ’ ve ▁never ▁before ▁seen ▁it ) ▁and ▁for ▁chron ic ling ▁obs ess ive ▁behavior , ▁usually ▁between ▁men ▁and ▁women , “ ▁writes ▁Anthony ▁Miller . ▁ ▁Full ▁of ▁“ ten - d ollar ▁words ▁and ▁k iller ▁fact oid s ” ▁the ▁novel ▁has ▁similar ities ▁to ▁his ▁previous ▁work , ▁Dar con ville ' s ▁Cat , ▁describing ▁love ▁and ▁hate , ▁loss ▁and ▁long ing ▁in ▁the ▁human ▁male - f em ale ▁relationship . ▁The ▁reader ▁has ▁to ▁wonder ▁why ▁is ▁E y est ones ▁so ▁involved ▁with ▁Laura ▁who ▁seems ▁to ▁be ▁kind ▁of ▁a ▁" m use ▁in ▁reverse "? ▁Dist inct ly ▁polit ically ▁incorrect ▁and ▁mis og yn istic ▁the ▁novel ▁presents ▁characters ▁that ▁are ▁cart oon ish , ▁according ▁to ▁David ▁Bow man . ▁Scott ▁Bry an ▁Wilson ▁sees ▁the ▁novel ▁as ▁a ▁" comp end ium ▁of ▁v itu per ation ▁against ▁contemporary ▁society , ▁j abs ▁at ▁pop ▁culture , ▁expos és ▁of ▁office ▁politics , ▁and ▁expl oration ▁of ▁life ▁and ▁love ▁in ▁modern ▁times ". ▁He ▁notes ▁that ▁the ▁" sem i - plot less ness ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁echo es ▁the ▁aim less ness ▁and ▁des per ation ▁of ▁Laura ' s ▁life , ▁and ▁really , ▁most |
▁of ▁the ▁other ▁characters ' ▁lives ▁as ▁well ." ▁He ▁describes ▁the ▁work ▁as ▁a ▁" fun ny , ▁sad , ▁and ▁original ▁sat ire ▁of ▁our ▁fun ny , ▁sad ▁contemporary ▁culture ". ▁Jeff ▁V ander Me er ▁op ines ▁that ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁met ap hor ▁is ▁d aring ▁in ▁its ▁br ill iance ▁but ▁critic izes ▁that ▁almost ▁every ▁person ▁is ▁made ▁to ▁look ▁" mor ally , ▁eth ically , ▁and ▁intellect ually ▁ugly ." ▁ ▁Mark ▁Bur stein ▁bem o ans ▁the ▁absence ▁of ▁good ▁editor ial ▁help ▁in ▁the ▁novel ’ s ▁publishing . ▁In ▁the ▁years ▁leading ▁up ▁to ▁publication , ▁Ther oux ▁added ▁a ▁good ▁deal ▁of ▁material ▁to ▁the ▁original ▁manuscript , ▁completed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁An ▁Inter view ▁with ▁Alexander ▁Ther oux ▁Audio ▁of ▁Ther oux ▁reading ▁from ▁Laura ▁War hol ic ▁Video ▁of ▁Ther oux ▁reading ▁from ▁Laura ▁War hol ic ▁at ▁The ▁Str and ▁book store ▁in ▁NY C ▁First ▁chapter ▁as ▁a ▁PDF ▁An ▁interview ▁with ▁Alexander ▁Ther oux ▁about ▁Laura ▁War hol ic ▁on ▁The ▁Market place ▁of ▁Ide as ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 7 ▁American ▁nov els ▁Category : American ▁sat ir ical ▁nov els ▁Category : Nov els ▁about ▁writers <0x0A> </s> ▁Charles ▁III ▁( Char les ▁Honor é ▁Gr im ald i ; ▁ 8 ▁December ▁ 1 8 1 8 ▁– ▁ 1 0 ▁September ▁ 1 8 8 9 ) ▁was ▁Prince ▁of |
▁Mon aco ▁and ▁Duke ▁of ▁Valent inois ▁from ▁ 2 0 ▁June ▁ 1 8 5 6 ▁to ▁his ▁death . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁founder ▁of ▁the ▁famous ▁cas ino ▁in ▁Monte ▁Carlo , ▁as ▁his ▁title ▁in ▁Mon eg as que ▁and ▁Italian ▁was ▁Carlo ▁III . ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Paris , ▁the ▁only ▁son ▁of ▁Flor est an , ▁Prince ▁of ▁Mon aco , ▁and ▁Maria ▁Caroline ▁Gi bert ▁de ▁Lam etz . ▁ ▁Mar riage ▁and ▁reign ▁ ▁While ▁he ▁was ▁Her edit ary ▁Prince , ▁Charles ▁was ▁married ▁on ▁ 2 8 ▁September ▁ 1 8 4 6 ▁in ▁Br uss els ▁to ▁Count ess ▁Anto in ette ▁de ▁Mé ro de - W ester lo o . ▁ ▁He ▁succeeded ▁his ▁father ▁Prince ▁Flor est an ▁I ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 6 . ▁ ▁During ▁his ▁reign , ▁the ▁towns ▁of ▁M ent on ▁and ▁Ro qu eb r une , ▁const itut ing ▁some ▁ 8 0 ▁percent ▁of ▁Mon eg as que ▁territory , ▁were ▁formally ▁c eded ▁to ▁France , ▁p aving ▁the ▁way ▁for ▁formal ▁French ▁recognition ▁of ▁Mon aco ' s ▁independence . ▁Reb ell ions ▁in ▁these ▁towns , ▁a ided ▁by ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁S ardin ia , ▁had ▁exha usted ▁Mon aco ' s ▁military ▁resources ▁for ▁dec ades . ▁ ▁The ▁Princi p ality ▁was ▁in ▁dire ▁need ▁of ▁c ash ▁flow , ▁so ▁Prince ▁Charles ▁and ▁his ▁mother , ▁Princess ▁Caroline , ▁had ▁the ▁idea ▁of |
▁ere ct ing ▁a ▁cas ino . ▁The ▁Monte ▁Carlo ▁Cas ino ▁was ▁done , ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Prince ' s ▁lik ing , ▁in ▁the ▁German ▁style ▁and ▁placed ▁at ▁the ▁sight ▁of ▁Les ▁Sp él ug ues . ▁Monte ▁Carlo ▁( in ▁English , ▁Mount ▁Charles ) ▁itself ▁takes ▁its ▁name ▁from ▁Charles , ▁after ▁all ▁its ▁founder . ▁Charles ▁established ▁a ▁society ▁( bus iness ) ▁to ▁run ▁the ▁Cas ino ; ▁this ▁society ▁is ▁today ▁the ▁Société ▁des ▁b ains ▁de ▁mer ▁de ▁Mon aco . ▁ ▁Under ▁Charles ▁III , ▁the ▁Princi p ality ▁of ▁Mon aco ▁increased ▁its ▁diplom atic ▁activities ; ▁for ▁example , ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 4 , ▁Charles ▁III ▁concluded ▁a ▁Tre aty ▁of ▁Friend ship ▁with ▁the ▁Bey ▁of ▁Tun is , ▁Muhammad ▁III ▁as - S adi q , ▁which ▁also ▁reg ulated ▁trade ▁and ▁mar itime ▁issues . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁Monte ▁Carlo ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁Charles ▁III . ▁It ▁stands ▁for ▁the ▁" Mount ▁Charles " ▁in ▁Italian . ▁ ▁The ▁Order ▁of ▁Saint - Char les ▁was ▁instit uted ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁March ▁ 1 8 5 8 , ▁during ▁the ▁reign ▁of ▁Prince ▁Charles ▁III . ▁ ▁He ▁received ▁the ▁following ▁decor ations ▁and ▁awards : ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁with ▁Col lar , ▁Royal ▁Norwegian ▁Order ▁of ▁St . ▁O lav , ▁ 2 7 ▁March ▁ 1 8 6 3 ▁( Sw eden - N or way ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁in ▁Diam onds |
, ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Dan ne bro g , ▁ 1 6 ▁February ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁( Den mark ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross , ▁Ludwig ▁Order , ▁ 1 7 ▁April ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁( Gr and ▁Duch y ▁of ▁H esse ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross , ▁Order ▁of ▁Charles ▁III , ▁ 1 7 ▁February ▁ 1 8 6 7 ▁( Sp ain ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross , ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Z ähr inger ▁Lion , ▁ 1 8 6 9 ▁( Gr and ▁Duch y ▁of ▁Baden ) ▁▁ ▁Officer , ▁Leg ion ▁d ' H onneur , ▁for ▁his ▁service ▁in ▁the ▁French ▁Navy ▁in ▁the ▁Franco - Pr uss ian ▁War ▁( Second ▁French ▁Empire ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁C ordon , ▁Royal ▁Order ▁of ▁Leopold ▁I , ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁( Bel g ium ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross , ▁Order ▁of ▁St . ▁Stephen ▁of ▁Hung ary , ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁( A ust ria - H ung ary ) ▁▁ ▁Knight , ▁Supreme ▁Order ▁of ▁Christ ▁( H oly ▁See ) ▁▁ ▁Grand ▁Cross , ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Tower ▁and ▁S word ▁( K ing dom ▁of ▁Portugal ) ▁ ▁Death ▁In ▁his ▁middle ▁years ▁his ▁sight ▁greatly ▁weak ened , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁last ▁de cade ▁of ▁his ▁life ▁he ▁had ▁become ▁almost ▁totally ▁blind . ▁In ▁fact , ▁Dr . ▁Thomas ▁Henry ▁Pick ering ▁wrote ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 : ▁" So ▁far ▁back ▁as ▁ |
1 8 6 0 , ▁Prince ▁Charles ▁lost ▁his ▁eyes ight .... " ▁ ▁He ▁died ▁at ▁Ch âteau ▁de ▁March ais ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁September ▁ 1 8 8 9 . ▁He ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁son ▁Albert ▁I ▁of ▁Mon aco . ▁ ▁Co in ▁On ▁ 1 ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁fifteen ▁thousand ▁ 2 ▁euro ▁co ins ▁were ▁issued ▁by ▁Mon aco ; ▁comm emor ating ▁the ▁ 1 5 0 th ▁anni versary ▁of ▁the ▁foundation ▁of ▁Monte ▁ ▁Carlo ▁by ▁Charles ▁III ▁ ▁In ▁literature ▁Charles ▁III ▁is ▁referenced , ▁as ▁Prince ▁Charles ▁Honor é , ▁in ▁a ▁fict ional ▁entitled , ▁The ▁Fall ▁of ▁Prince ▁Flor est an ▁of ▁Mon aco , ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁politician ▁Sir ▁Charles ▁W ent worth ▁D il ke . ▁This ▁work ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁sat ire ▁and ▁par ody ▁on ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁political ▁characters ▁of ▁the ▁day . ▁It ▁centered ▁around ▁a ▁Cambridge - ed uc ated , ▁half - W ür ttemberg ▁nep hew ▁of ▁Charles ▁III ▁who ▁comes ▁to ▁the ▁throne ▁by ▁way ▁of ▁Charles ▁III ▁and ▁the ▁next ▁two ▁he irs ▁being ▁w ip ed ▁out ▁of ▁existence . ▁The ▁up start ▁" F lor est an ▁II ", ▁a ▁radical ▁republic an , ▁bold ly ▁attempts ▁to ▁dem ocrat ize ▁Mon aco . ▁He ▁fails ▁and ▁then ▁is ▁forced ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁country . ▁ ▁An c est ry ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁| - ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 1 8 |
▁birth s ▁Category : 1 8 8 9 ▁death s ▁Category : H ouse ▁of ▁Gr im ald i ▁Category : Her edit ary ▁Prin ces ▁of ▁Mon aco ▁Category : Pr in ces ▁of ▁Mon aco ▁Category : B ur ial s ▁at ▁the ▁C athedral ▁of ▁Our ▁Lady ▁Im mac ulate , ▁Mon aco ▁Category : Mon eg as que ▁princes ▁Category : Mar qu esses ▁of ▁B aux ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Paris ▁Category : Gr and ▁Masters ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Saint - Char les ▁Category : Gr and ▁Cross es ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Saint - Char les ▁Category : Mon eg as que ▁people ▁of ▁Italian ▁descent ▁Category : Pe ople ▁of ▁Lig ur ian ▁descent ▁Category : D uk es ▁of ▁Valent inois <0x0A> </s> ▁__ NOT OC __ ▁L ant z ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁People ▁▁ ▁L ant z ▁( s urname ), ▁a ▁surname ▁of ▁German ▁and ▁Swedish ▁origin ▁ ▁L ant z ▁( g iven ▁name ) ▁ ▁Places ▁ ▁Canada ▁L ant z , ▁Nova ▁Scot ia ▁ ▁Spain ▁L ant z , ▁Spain , ▁Navar re ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁L ant z , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁L ant z ▁Arena ▁in ▁Char l eston , ▁Illinois ▁L ant z ▁Corn ers , ▁Pennsylvania ▁L ant z ▁Farm ▁and ▁Nature ▁Pres erve ▁Wild life ▁Management ▁Area , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁L ant z ▁Hall , ▁in ▁Virginia ▁L ant z ▁Mill , ▁in ▁Virginia ▁L ant z - Ze ig ler |
▁House , ▁in ▁Maryland ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁L ant z ▁v . ▁Cole man , ▁a ▁Connecticut ▁superior ▁court ▁case ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁L anz ▁( disambiguation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁N ationen ▁is ▁a ▁Norwegian ▁daily ▁newspaper ▁with ▁a ▁particular ▁focus ▁on ▁agricult ure ▁and ▁rural ▁districts . ▁Its ▁circul ation ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁was ▁ 1 2 , 9 5 4 , ▁an ▁increase ▁of ▁ 2 8 1 ▁copies ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁History ▁and ▁profile ▁N ationen ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 8 . ▁The ▁paper ▁primarily ▁targets ▁far mers ▁and ▁the ▁agr arian ▁sector , ▁with ▁focus ▁on ▁district ▁politics , ▁far ming , ▁comment aries ▁and ▁features . ▁It ▁is ▁based ▁in ▁Os lo ▁with ▁offices ▁in ▁Tr ond heim ▁and ▁F ag ern es , ▁and ▁edited ▁by ▁Mad s ▁Y ng ve ▁St or vik . ▁The ▁newspaper ▁re lies ▁heavily ▁on ▁fre el ance ▁journal ists ▁for ▁regional ▁coverage . ▁ ▁Trad itionally ▁N ationen ▁was ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁Centre ▁Party . ▁The ▁newspaper ▁is ▁fully ▁owned ▁by ▁Tun ▁Media , ▁which ▁is ▁controlled ▁by ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁Agr arian ▁Association , ▁T INE , ▁N ort ura , ▁Land k red itt , ▁and ▁others . ▁Tun ▁Media ▁works ▁to ▁promote ▁the ▁interests ▁of ▁Norwegian ▁agricult ure ▁and ▁rural ▁districts . ▁The ▁media ▁group ▁also ▁own s ▁other ▁publications , ▁such ▁as ▁Bon de bl ad et . ▁N ationen ▁was ▁against ▁the |
▁EU ▁membership ▁of ▁Norway . ▁ ▁N ationen ▁has ▁had ▁a ▁tab lo id ▁format ▁since ▁ 1 9 8 6 . ▁An ▁online ▁version , ▁nation en . no , ▁was ▁formally ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁ ▁Cir cul ation ▁Num bers ▁from ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁Media ▁Business es ' ▁Association , ▁Med ie bed riften es ▁Land s for ening . ▁▁▁ 1 9 8 0 : ▁ 2 1 4 5 5 ▁▁ 1 9 8 1 : ▁ 2 1 7 8 0 ▁▁ 1 9 8 2 : ▁ 2 1 5 6 3 ▁▁ 1 9 8 3 : ▁ 2 1 6 4 8 ▁▁ 1 9 8 4 : ▁ 2 0 5 6 6 ▁▁ 1 9 8 5 : ▁ 2 0 6 9 1 ▁▁ 1 9 8 6 : ▁ 2 0 0 2 1 ▁▁ 1 9 8 7 : ▁ 2 0 3 7 0 ▁▁ 1 9 8 8 : ▁ 1 9 7 2 6 ▁▁ 1 9 8 9 : ▁ 2 1 3 8 8 ▁▁ 1 9 9 0 : ▁ 2 2 3 6 7 ▁▁ 1 9 9 1 : ▁ 2 3 0 1 1 ▁▁ 1 9 9 2 : ▁ 2 0 8 0 5 ▁▁ 1 9 9 3 : ▁ 2 0 1 0 2 ▁▁ 1 9 9 4 : ▁ 2 1 2 7 8 ▁▁ 1 9 9 5 : ▁ |
2 0 2 7 8 ▁▁ 1 9 9 6 : ▁ 2 0 2 3 5 ▁▁ 1 9 9 7 : ▁ 1 9 1 0 4 ▁▁ 1 9 9 8 : ▁ 1 8 3 1 1 ▁▁ 1 9 9 9 : ▁ 1 8 3 0 7 ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 : ▁ 1 7 3 7 6 ▁▁ 2 0 0 1 : ▁ 1 8 6 5 2 ▁▁ 2 0 0 2 : ▁ 1 7 5 5 4 ▁▁ 2 0 0 3 : ▁ 1 6 9 8 7 ▁▁ 2 0 0 4 : ▁ 1 6 4 8 4 ▁▁ 2 0 0 5 : ▁ 1 7 0 6 1 ▁▁ 2 0 0 6 : ▁ 1 6 9 9 6 ▁▁▁ 2 0 0 7 : ▁ 1 5 8 7 1 ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 : ▁ 1 5 6 7 0 ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 : ▁ 1 4 5 1 4 ▁ ▁... ▁▁ 2 0 1 4 : ▁ 1 2 6 7 3 ▁▁ 2 0 1 5 : ▁ 1 2 9 5 4 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 1 8 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Norway ▁Category : Public ations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁Category : N or weg ian - language ▁newsp apers ▁Category : C entre ▁Party ▁( N or way ) ▁newsp apers ▁Category : New sp apers ▁published ▁in ▁Os |
lo ▁Category : D aily ▁newsp apers ▁published ▁in ▁Norway <0x0A> </s> ▁Anthony ▁Buck ley ▁( A O ) ▁( born ▁ 2 7 ▁July ▁ 1 9 3 7 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Australian ▁film ▁editor ▁and ▁producer . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁On ▁leaving ▁school , ▁Buck ley ▁went ▁to ▁work ▁for ▁C ines ound ▁Produ ctions ▁as ▁a ▁projection ist ▁and ▁assistant ▁editor . ▁He ▁worked ▁in ▁Canada ▁and ▁Britain ▁before ▁returning ▁to ▁Australia ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁He ▁went ▁to ▁work ▁at ▁Ajax ▁Films ▁and ▁moved ▁into ▁producing . ▁ ▁He ▁edited ▁Michael ▁Pow ell ' s ▁Age ▁of ▁Cons ent . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁he ▁produced ▁the ▁train ▁film A ▁Ste am ▁Train ▁Pass es . ▁ 2 4 ▁years ▁later ▁he ▁produced ▁another ▁two ▁train ▁films , ▁Sav ann ah land er ▁and ▁G ulf land er . ▁He ▁produced ▁the ▁mini - series ▁The ▁Har p ▁in ▁the ▁South ▁and ▁its ▁sequ el ▁Po or ▁Man ' s ▁Orange . ▁ ▁Awards ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁Order ▁of ▁Australia ▁ ▁Part ial ▁film ography ▁ ▁As ▁editor ▁The ▁St ow away ▁( 1 9 5 8 ) ▁( ass istant ) ▁Age ▁of ▁Cons ent ▁( 1 9 6 9 ) ▁Adam ' s ▁Woman ▁( 1 9 7 0 ) ▁W ake ▁in ▁F right ▁( 1 9 7 1 ) ▁Don ▁Qu ix ote ▁( 1 9 7 3 ) ▁ ▁As ▁producer ▁F org ot ten ▁Cinema |
▁( 1 9 6 7 ) ▁- ▁document ary ▁Snow , ▁Sand ▁and ▁Sav ages ▁C add ie ▁( 1 9 7 6 ) ▁A ▁Ste am ▁Train ▁Pass es ▁( 1 9 7 4 ) ▁The ▁Night ▁the ▁P row ler ▁( 1 9 7 8 ) ▁The ▁K illing ▁of ▁Angel ▁Street ▁( 1 9 8 1 ) ▁Bl iss ▁( 1 9 8 5 ) ▁The ▁Har p ▁in ▁the ▁South ▁( 1 9 8 6 ) ▁Po or ▁Man ' s ▁Orange ▁( 1 9 8 7 ) ▁The ▁Hero es ▁( 1 9 8 9 ) ▁- ▁mini - series ▁More ▁W inners ▁– ▁Mr ▁Ed mond ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁Hero es ▁II : ▁The ▁Return ▁( 1 9 9 1 ) ▁- ▁mini - series ▁Naz i ▁Super gr ass ▁( 1 9 9 3 ) ▁B ede vil ▁( 1 9 9 3 ) ▁Y um ▁Cha ▁Cha ▁( 2 0 0 1 ) ▁O yst er ▁Far mer ▁( 2 0 0 4 ) ▁Sav ann ah land er ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) ▁G ulf land er ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Anthony ▁Buck ley ' s ▁films ▁at ▁the ▁National ▁Film ▁and ▁Sound ▁Archive ▁ ▁Category : Austral ian ▁film ▁produ cers ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 1 9 3 7 ▁birth s <0x0A> </s> ▁P old i ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Leopold ▁K iel hol z ▁( 1 |
9 1 1 – 1 9 8 0 ), ▁nick named ▁" P old i ", ▁a ▁Swiss ▁footballer ▁L uk as ▁Pod ol ski ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 5 ), ▁nick named ▁" P old i ", ▁a ▁Polish - G erman ▁footballer ▁Museo ▁P old i ▁Pe zz oli , ▁an ▁art ▁museum ▁in ▁Milan , ▁Italy ▁P old i ▁K lad no , ▁previous ▁name ▁of ▁SK ▁K lad no , ▁a ▁football ▁club ▁from ▁K lad no , ▁Czech ▁Republic ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Leopold ▁( disambiguation ) ▁Pol dek <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁T ail hook ▁Association ▁is ▁a ▁U . S .- based , ▁non - pro fit ▁frat ernal ▁organization , ▁supporting ▁the ▁interests ▁of ▁sea - based ▁av iation , ▁with ▁emphas is ▁on ▁aircraft ▁carri ers . ▁The ▁word ▁tail hook ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁hook ▁under ne ath ▁the ▁tail ▁of ▁the ▁aircraft ▁that ▁catch es ▁the ▁arrest ing ▁wire ▁susp ended ▁across ▁the ▁flight ▁deck ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁stop ▁the ▁landing ▁plane ▁quickly . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Est ab lish ment ▁ ▁The ▁association ▁was ▁formed ▁by ▁active - d ut y ▁naval ▁av i ators ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁eventually ▁growing ▁into ▁a ▁national ▁organization ▁head qu arter ed ▁in ▁San ▁Diego , ▁California . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Vietnam ▁War , ▁the ▁annual ▁T ail hook ▁re union ▁and ▁sym pos ium ▁also ▁served ▁to ▁provide ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁air cre ws ▁from ▁the ▁Pacific ▁and ▁Atlantic ▁Fle ets |
▁to ▁exchange ▁information ▁about ▁events ▁in ▁S out heast ▁Asia . ▁ ▁The ▁T ail hook ▁sc andal ▁▁ ▁In ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁the ▁ 3 5 th ▁annual ▁sym pos ium ▁in ▁Las ▁Veg as ▁featured ▁a ▁two - day ▁de br ief ▁on ▁Navy ▁and ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁av iation ▁in ▁Operation ▁Des ert ▁Storm . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁largest ▁such ▁meeting ▁yet ▁held , ▁with ▁some ▁ 4 , 0 0 0 ▁at ten de es : ▁active , ▁reserve , ▁and ▁retired ▁personnel . ▁According ▁to ▁a ▁Department ▁of ▁Def ense ▁( Do D ) ▁report , ▁ 8 3 ▁women ▁and ▁ 7 ▁men ▁stated ▁that ▁they ▁had ▁been ▁vict ims ▁of ▁sexual ▁assault ▁and ▁har ass ment ▁during ▁the ▁meeting . ▁ ▁Several ▁participants ▁later ▁stated ▁that ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁flag ▁officers ▁att ending ▁the ▁meet ings ▁were ▁aware ▁of ▁the ▁sexual ▁assault s , ▁but ▁did ▁nothing ▁to ▁stop ▁them . ▁ ▁The ▁issues ▁were ▁never ▁quite ▁settled , ▁and ▁as ▁late ▁as ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁the ▁T ail hook ▁chairman ▁spoke ▁dismiss ively ▁of ▁" the ▁alleg ed ▁mis con duct ▁that ▁occurred ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ". ▁ ▁Front line ▁on ▁P BS ▁reported : ▁Ult imately ▁the ▁care ers ▁of ▁four teen ▁adm ir als ▁and ▁almost ▁ 3 0 0 ▁naval ▁av i ators ▁were ▁sc utt led ▁or ▁dam aged ▁by ▁T ail hook . ▁For ▁example ▁Secretary ▁of ▁the ▁Navy ▁H |
. ▁Lawrence ▁Gar rett ▁III ▁and ▁C NO ▁Admir al ▁Frank ▁Kel so ▁were ▁both ▁at ▁T ail hook ▁' 9 1 . ▁Gar rett ▁ultimately ▁res igned ▁and ▁Kel so ▁retired ▁early ▁two ▁years ▁after ▁the ▁convention . ▁ ▁Author ▁Jean ▁Z imm erman ▁developed ▁the ▁th esis ▁that ▁the ▁sc andal ▁unders cor ed ▁the ▁sh ifting ▁status ▁of ▁women ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁military ▁and ▁particularly ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁women ▁in ▁combat . ▁ ▁Activ ities ▁ ▁Among ▁the ▁T ail hook ▁programs ▁are ▁publication ▁of ▁the ▁quarter ly ▁journal ▁The ▁Hook , ▁address ing ▁historical ▁and ▁current ▁events ▁coverage ; ▁college ▁scholar ships ▁via ▁the ▁T ail hook ▁Edu c ational ▁Foundation ; ▁and ▁local / reg ional ▁" ready ▁rooms " ▁for ▁those ▁active ▁and ▁retired ▁members ▁who ▁support ▁fleet ▁activities . ▁ ▁Some ▁visitors ▁to ▁US ▁Navy ▁aircraft ▁carri ers ▁who ▁joined ▁or ▁left ▁the ▁ship ▁on ▁a ▁Car rier ▁On board ▁D elivery ▁aircraft ▁are ▁issued ▁" T ail hook ▁certific ates " ▁by ▁the ▁Navy ▁which ▁comm end ▁them ▁for ▁" NA FO D ▁and ▁int est inal ▁fort itude ." ▁ ▁Awards ▁ ▁James ▁D . ▁" J ig ▁Dog " ▁Ram age ▁Award ▁ ▁T ail ho oker ▁Of ▁The ▁Year ▁Award ▁ ▁L if etime ▁Ach iev ement ▁Award ▁ ▁The ▁Hook ▁Magazine ▁Cont rib utor ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁ ▁Honor ary ▁T ail ho oker ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁( Sp ons ored ▁by ▁the ▁Bo eing ▁Company ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further |
▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁: de : T ail hook - Sk andal ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Non - pro fit ▁organizations ▁based ▁in ▁San ▁Diego ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁military ▁support ▁organizations ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Navy ▁support ▁organizations ▁Category : Mil it ary ▁sc and als ▁Category : Organ izations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁first ▁description ▁of ▁multiple - pr ism ▁arrays , ▁and ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion , ▁was ▁given ▁by ▁Newton ▁in ▁his ▁book ▁Opt icks . ▁ ▁Pr ism ▁pair ▁expand ers ▁were ▁introduced ▁by ▁B rew ster ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 3 . ▁A ▁modern ▁mathematical ▁description ▁of ▁the ▁single - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁was ▁given ▁by ▁Born ▁and ▁Wolf ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁generalized ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁theory ▁was ▁introduced ▁by ▁Du arte ▁and ▁Pi per ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁ ▁General ized ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁equations ▁The ▁generalized ▁mathematical ▁description ▁of ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion , ▁as ▁a ▁function ▁of ▁the ▁angle ▁of ▁inc idence , ▁pr ism ▁geometry , ▁pr ism ▁ref ract ive ▁index , ▁and ▁number ▁of ▁pr isms , ▁was ▁introduced ▁as ▁a ▁design ▁tool ▁for ▁multiple - pr ism ▁gr ating ▁las er ▁oscill ators ▁by ▁Du arte ▁and ▁Pi per , ▁and ▁is ▁given ▁by ▁ ▁which ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁written ▁as |
▁ ▁using ▁▁ ▁Also , ▁ ▁Here , ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁angle ▁of ▁inc idence , ▁at ▁the ▁m th ▁pr ism , ▁and ▁ ▁its ▁corresponding ▁angle ▁of ▁ref raction . ▁Similarly , ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁exit ▁angle ▁and ▁ ▁its ▁corresponding ▁angle ▁of ▁ref raction . ▁▁ ▁The ▁two ▁main ▁equations ▁give ▁the ▁first ▁order ▁disp ersion ▁for ▁an ▁array ▁of ▁m ▁pr isms ▁at ▁the ▁exit ▁surface ▁of ▁the ▁m th ▁pr ism . ▁The ▁plus ▁sign ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁term ▁in ▁parentheses ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁positive ▁dispers ive ▁configuration ▁while ▁the ▁minus ▁sign ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁compens ating ▁configuration . ▁ ▁The ▁k ▁factors ▁are ▁the ▁corresponding ▁beam ▁exp ans ions , ▁and ▁the ▁H ▁factors ▁are ▁additional ▁geomet rical ▁quantities . ▁ ▁It ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁seen ▁that ▁the ▁disp ersion ▁of ▁the ▁m th ▁pr ism ▁depends ▁on ▁the ▁disp ersion ▁of ▁the ▁previous ▁pr ism ▁( m ▁- ▁ 1 ). ▁ ▁These ▁equations ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁quant ify ▁the ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁in ▁pr ism ▁arrays , ▁as ▁described ▁in ▁Isaac ▁Newton ' s ▁book ▁Opt icks , ▁and ▁as ▁deployed ▁in ▁dispers ive ▁instrument ation ▁such ▁as ▁multiple - pr ism ▁spect rom eters . ▁▁ ▁A ▁compreh ensive ▁review ▁on ▁practical ▁multiple - pr ism ▁beam ▁expand ers ▁and ▁multiple - pr ism ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁theory , ▁including ▁explicit ▁and ▁ready ▁to ▁apply ▁equations ▁( engine ering ▁style ), ▁is ▁given ▁by ▁Du arte . ▁ ▁More ▁recently , ▁the |
▁generalized ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁theory ▁has ▁been ▁extended ▁to ▁include ▁positive ▁and ▁negative ▁ref raction . ▁ ▁Also , ▁higher ▁order ▁phase ▁derivatives ▁have ▁been ▁derived ▁using ▁a ▁Newton ian ▁iter ative ▁approach . ▁This ▁extension ▁of ▁the ▁theory ▁enables ▁the ▁evaluation ▁of ▁the ▁N th ▁higher ▁derivative ▁via ▁an ▁elegant ▁mathematical ▁framework . ▁ ▁App lications ▁include ▁further ▁ref in ements ▁in ▁the ▁design ▁of ▁pr ism ▁pul se ▁compress ors ▁and ▁non linear ▁opt ics . ▁ ▁Single - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁ ▁For ▁a ▁single ▁generalized ▁pr ism ▁( m ▁= ▁ 1 ), ▁the ▁generalized ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁equation ▁simpl ifies ▁to ▁ ▁If ▁the ▁single ▁pr ism ▁is ▁a ▁right - ang led ▁pr ism ▁with ▁the ▁beam ▁exit ing ▁normal ▁to ▁the ▁output ▁face , ▁that ▁is ▁ ▁equal ▁to ▁zero , ▁this ▁equation ▁reduces ▁to ▁ ▁Int rac av ity ▁disp ersion ▁and ▁las er ▁line width ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁application ▁of ▁this ▁theory ▁was ▁to ▁evaluate ▁the ▁las er ▁line width ▁in ▁multiple - pr ism ▁gr ating ▁ ▁las er ▁oscill ators . ▁▁ ▁The ▁total ▁int rac av ity ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁plays ▁an ▁important ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁line width ▁narrow ing ▁of ▁p uls ed ▁tun able ▁las ers ▁through ▁the ▁equation ▁ ▁where ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁beam ▁diver gence ▁and ▁the ▁overall ▁int rac av ity ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁is ▁the ▁quantity ▁in ▁parentheses ▁( e lev ated ▁to ▁– 1 ). ▁ ▁Although |
▁originally ▁classical ▁in ▁origin , ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁it ▁was ▁shown ▁that ▁this ▁las er ▁cav ity ▁line width ▁equation ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁derived ▁from ▁inter fer ometric ▁quantum ▁principles . ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁special ▁case ▁of ▁zero ▁disp ersion ▁from ▁the ▁multiple - pr ism ▁beam ▁exp ander , ▁the ▁single - pass ▁las er ▁line width ▁is ▁given ▁by ▁ ▁where ▁M ▁is ▁the ▁beam ▁magn ification ▁provided ▁by ▁the ▁beam ▁exp ander ▁that ▁multip lies ▁the ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁provided ▁by ▁the ▁diff raction ▁gr ating . ▁ ▁In ▁practice , ▁M ▁can ▁be ▁as ▁high ▁as ▁ 1 0 0 - 2 0 0 . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁disp ersion ▁of ▁the ▁multiple - pr ism ▁exp ander ▁is ▁not ▁equal ▁to ▁zero , ▁then ▁the ▁single - pass ▁line width ▁is ▁given ▁by ▁ ▁where ▁the ▁first ▁differential ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁from ▁the ▁gr ating ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁differential ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁overall ▁disp ersion ▁from ▁the ▁multiple - pr ism ▁beam ▁exp ander ▁( g iven ▁in ▁the ▁section ▁above ). ▁ ▁Further ▁applications ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁the ▁multiple - pr ism ▁angular ▁disp ersion ▁theory ▁was ▁extended ▁to ▁provide ▁explicit ▁second ▁order ▁equations ▁directly ▁applicable ▁to ▁the ▁design ▁of ▁pr ism atic ▁pul se ▁compress ors . ▁The ▁generalized ▁multiple - pr ism ▁disp ersion ▁theory ▁is ▁applicable ▁to : ▁▁ ▁Am ici ▁pr isms ▁ ▁las er ▁micro sc opy , ▁ ▁narrow - linewidth |
▁tun able ▁las er ▁design , ▁ ▁pr ism atic ▁beam ▁expand ers ▁▁ ▁pr ism ▁compress ors ▁for ▁fem to second ▁pul se ▁las ers . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Be am ▁exp ander ▁ ▁Las er ▁line width ▁ ▁Multiple - pr ism ▁gr ating ▁las er ▁oscill ator ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Pr ism ▁and ▁Multiple - Pr ism ▁P ulse ▁Com pression : ▁T utorial ▁▁ ▁Category : Opt ics ▁Category : Non linear ▁opt ics ▁Category : P ris ms ▁Category : Equ ations <0x0A> </s> ▁Wer pe ▁is ▁a ▁local ity ▁in ▁the ▁municipality ▁Sch m allen berg ▁in ▁the ▁district ▁Hoch s auer land kreis ▁in ▁North ▁Rh ine - West phal ia , ▁Germany . ▁ ▁The ▁Wer pe ▁has ▁ 2 1 2 ▁inhabitants ▁and ▁lies ▁in ▁the ▁west ▁of ▁the ▁municipality ▁of ▁Sch m allen berg ▁at ▁a ▁height ▁of ▁around ▁ 4 3 0 ▁m . ▁The ▁river ▁We hr s ie pen ▁flows ▁through ▁the ▁village . ▁▁▁ ▁Wer pe ▁borders ▁on ▁the ▁villages ▁of ▁Har be cke , ▁Fel be cke , ▁W orm bach , ▁Sch m allen berg ▁and ▁Fle cken berg . ▁Sch m allen berg ’ s ▁aer od rome ▁( M ot ors port - ▁und ▁Seg elf l ug platz ▁R enne feld ) ▁is ▁between ▁the ▁villages ▁of ▁Wer pe ▁and ▁W orm bach . ▁In ▁the ▁village ▁centre ▁the ▁Landes straße ▁ 7 3 7 ▁meets ▁the ▁Kreis straße ▁ |
2 5 . ▁▁ ▁Wer pe ▁was ▁first ▁mentioned ▁in ▁ 1 2 2 1 ▁in ▁a ▁document . ▁The ▁village ▁used ▁to ▁belong ▁to ▁the ▁municipality ▁of ▁W orm bach ▁in ▁Amt ▁Sch m allen berg ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁North ▁Rh ine - West phal ia ▁Category : Sch m allen berg <0x0A> </s> ▁Princess ▁Am alia ▁of ▁Sweden ▁( A mal ia ▁Maria ▁Charlot ta ; ▁ 2 2 ▁February ▁ 1 8 0 5 ▁in ▁Stockholm ▁– ▁ 3 1 ▁August ▁ 1 8 5 3 ▁in ▁Old enburg ) ▁was ▁a ▁Swedish ▁prin cess , ▁daughter ▁of ▁King ▁Gustav ▁IV ▁Adolf ▁of ▁Sweden ▁and ▁Freder ica ▁of ▁Baden . ▁ ▁Life ▁After ▁birth , ▁she ▁was ▁raised ▁under ▁the ▁super vision ▁of ▁the ▁royal ▁gover ness ▁Charlotte ▁St ier n eld . ▁Am alia ▁left ▁Sweden ▁with ▁her ▁family ▁upon ▁her ▁father ' s ▁de position ▁after ▁the ▁C oup ▁of ▁ 1 8 0 9 , ▁and ▁was ▁raised ▁in ▁her ▁mother ' s ▁native ▁country ▁of ▁Baden . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁aff lic ted ▁with ▁r ick ets ▁and ▁died ▁un mar ried ▁and ▁child less . ▁She ▁was ▁interested ▁in ▁music ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁friend ▁of ▁Jen ny ▁Lind . ▁ ▁An c est ry ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 0 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 8 5 3 ▁death s ▁Category : S wed |
ish ▁prin cess es ▁Category : Dis in her ited ▁European ▁royal ty ▁Category : H ouse ▁of ▁Hol stein - G ott orp ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Stockholm ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Baden ▁Category : D augh ters ▁of ▁k ings <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁M ini - Aff air ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁British ▁rom antic ▁comedy ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Robert ▁Am ram , ▁and ▁st arring ▁Georg ie ▁Fame , ▁Ros em ary ▁Nic ols ▁and ▁John ▁C live . ▁Music ▁is ▁provided ▁by ▁the ▁Be e ▁Ge es . ▁ ▁Plot ▁summary ▁A ▁leading ▁pop ▁star ▁is ▁kid n apped ▁in ▁swing ing ▁London . ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁ ▁Georg ie ▁Fame ▁- ▁Georg ie ▁Hart ▁ ▁Ros em ary ▁Nic ols ▁- ▁Charlotte ▁ ▁John ▁C live ▁- ▁Joe ▁ ▁Bernard ▁Arch ard ▁- ▁Sir ▁Bas il ▁Gr in ling ▁ ▁Luc ille ▁So ong ▁- ▁Luc ille ▁ ▁Rick ▁D ane ▁- ▁Mike ▁Mar oon ▁ ▁Julian ▁Cur ry ▁- ▁Ron nie ▁ ▁G ret chen ▁Reg an ▁- ▁Marian ne ▁ ▁Mad eline ▁Smith ▁- ▁Sam anth a ▁ ▁Clement ▁Fre ud ▁- ▁Stephen ▁C atch pole ▁ ▁T otti ▁Tr uman ▁Taylor ▁- ▁A unt ▁Grace ▁ ▁C live ▁D unn ▁- ▁T ys on ▁ ▁Roy ▁Kin near ▁- ▁Fire ▁Ext ingu isher ▁Sales man ▁ ▁Eric ▁P ohl mann ▁- ▁World ▁Bank er ▁ ▁William ▁Rus ht on ▁- ▁Chan cell or ▁of ▁the ▁Ex che quer ▁ ▁I rene |
▁Hand l ▁- ▁Cook ▁in ▁Chinese ▁R estaur ant ▁ ▁Guy ▁Middle ton ▁- ▁Colonel ▁High water ▁ ▁Ben ▁Ar is ▁- ▁TV ▁Produ cer ▁ ▁Mil ton ▁Re id ▁- ▁Fish erman ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 7 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁rom antic ▁comedy ▁films ▁Category : English - language ▁films ▁Category : B rit ish ▁films ▁Category : B rit ish ▁rom antic ▁comedy ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Ham ▁is ▁p ork ▁from ▁a ▁leg ▁cut ▁that ▁has ▁been ▁preserved ▁by ▁wet ▁or ▁dry ▁cur ing , ▁with ▁or ▁without ▁sm oking . ▁As ▁a ▁processed ▁meat , ▁the ▁term ▁" ham " ▁includes ▁both ▁whole ▁cut s ▁of ▁meat ▁and ▁ones ▁that ▁have ▁been ▁mechan ically ▁formed . ▁ ▁Ham ▁is ▁made ▁around ▁the ▁world , ▁including ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁regional ▁special ties , ▁such ▁as ▁West phal ian ▁ham ▁and ▁some ▁vari eties ▁of ▁Spanish ▁jam ón . ▁In ▁addition , ▁numerous ▁ham ▁products ▁have ▁specific ▁ge ographical ▁naming ▁protection , ▁such ▁as ▁pros ci utto ▁di ▁Par ma ▁in ▁Europe , ▁and ▁Smith field ▁ham ▁in ▁the ▁US . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁pres erving ▁of ▁p ork ▁leg ▁as ▁ham ▁has ▁a ▁long ▁history , ▁with ▁C ato ▁the ▁E lder ▁writing ▁about ▁the ▁" sal ting ▁of ▁h ams " ▁in ▁his ▁De ▁Ag ri ▁Cultura ▁t ome ▁around ▁ 1 6 0 ▁BC . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁claims ▁that ▁the ▁Chinese ▁were ▁the ▁first ▁people |
▁to ▁mention ▁the ▁production ▁of ▁c ured ▁ham . ▁Lar ous se ▁G astr onom ique ▁claims ▁an ▁origin ▁from ▁Ga ul . ▁It ▁was ▁certainly ▁well ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁Roman ▁period , ▁as ▁ev iden ced ▁by ▁an ▁import ▁trade ▁from ▁Ga ul ▁mentioned ▁by ▁Marcus ▁Ter ent ius ▁Var ro ▁in ▁his ▁writ ings . ▁ ▁The ▁modern ▁word ▁" ham " ▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁Old ▁English ▁ham ▁or ▁hom ▁meaning ▁the ▁h ollow ▁or ▁b end ▁of ▁the ▁kne e , ▁from ▁a ▁German ic ▁base ▁where ▁it ▁meant ▁" cro oked ". ▁It ▁began ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁the ▁cut ▁of ▁p ork ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁h ind ▁leg ▁of ▁a ▁p ig ▁around ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century . ▁ ▁Because ▁of ▁the ▁pres ervation ▁process , ▁ham ▁is ▁a ▁comp ound ▁food st uff ▁or ▁ing red ient , ▁being ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁the ▁original ▁meat , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁rem n ants ▁of ▁the ▁pres erving ▁agent ( s ), ▁such ▁as ▁salt , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁still ▁recogn ised ▁as ▁a ▁food ▁in ▁its ▁own ▁right . ▁ ▁Method s ▁ ▁Ham ▁is ▁produced ▁by ▁cur ing ▁raw ▁p ork ▁by ▁sal ting , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁dry ▁cur ing , ▁or ▁br ining , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁wet ▁cur ing . ▁Additionally , ▁sm oking ▁may ▁be ▁employed . ▁ ▁Besides ▁salt , ▁several ▁ing red ients ▁may ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁obtain ▁flav oring ▁and ▁pres ervation , ▁from ▁black ▁pe pper |
▁( e . g . ▁Pro sci utto ▁T osc ano ) ▁to ▁sa ff ron ▁( e . g . ▁the ▁" Z af fer ano ▁di ▁San ▁G im ign ano "). ▁ ▁D ry - c ured ▁▁ ▁Trad itional ▁dry ▁c ure ▁h ams ▁may ▁use ▁only ▁salt ▁as ▁the ▁cur ative ▁agent , ▁such ▁as ▁with ▁San ▁Dan iele ▁or ▁Par ma ▁h ams , ▁although ▁this ▁is ▁compar atively ▁rare . ▁This ▁process ▁involves ▁clean ing ▁the ▁raw ▁meat , ▁covering ▁it ▁in ▁salt ▁while ▁it ▁is ▁gradually ▁pressed ▁dra ining ▁all ▁the ▁blood . ▁Specific ▁her bs ▁and ▁sp ices ▁may ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁add ▁flav our ▁during ▁this ▁step . ▁The ▁h ams ▁are ▁then ▁was hed ▁and ▁hung ▁in ▁a ▁dark , ▁temperature - reg ulated ▁place ▁until ▁dry . ▁It ▁is ▁then ▁hung ▁to ▁air ▁for ▁another ▁period ▁of ▁time . ▁ ▁The ▁duration ▁of ▁the ▁cur ing ▁process ▁var ies ▁by ▁the ▁type ▁of ▁ham , ▁with , ▁for ▁example , ▁Ser rano ▁ham ▁cur ing ▁in ▁ 9 – 1 2 ▁months , ▁Par ma ▁h ams ▁taking ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 2 ▁months , ▁and ▁I ber ian ▁ham ▁taking ▁up ▁to ▁ 2 ▁years ▁to ▁reach ▁the ▁desired ▁flav our ▁characteristics . ▁Some ▁dry ▁c ured ▁h ams , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Jin h ua ▁ham , ▁take ▁approximately ▁ 8 ▁to ▁ 1 0 ▁months ▁to ▁complete . ▁ ▁Most ▁modern ▁dry ▁c ure ▁h ams ▁also ▁use |
▁nit rit es ▁( e ither ▁sod ium ▁nit rite ▁or ▁pot ass ium ▁nit rate ), ▁which ▁are ▁added ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁salt . ▁N it r ates ▁are ▁used ▁because ▁they ▁prevent ▁b acter ial ▁growth ▁and , ▁in ▁a ▁reaction ▁with ▁the ▁meat ' s ▁my og lo bin , ▁give ▁the ▁product ▁a ▁des irable ▁dark ▁red ▁color . ▁The ▁amount ▁and ▁mixture ▁of ▁salt ▁and ▁nit rit es ▁used ▁have ▁an ▁effect ▁on ▁the ▁shr ink age ▁of ▁the ▁meat . ▁Because ▁of ▁the ▁to x icity ▁of ▁nit rite ▁( the ▁le th al ▁do se ▁of ▁nit rite ▁for ▁humans ▁is ▁about ▁ 2 2 m g ▁per ▁kg ▁body ▁weight ), ▁some ▁areas ▁specify ▁a ▁maximum ▁allow able ▁content ▁of ▁nit rite ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁product . ▁Under ▁certain ▁conditions , ▁especially ▁during ▁cook ing , ▁nit rit es ▁in ▁meat ▁can ▁react ▁with ▁de grad ation ▁products ▁of ▁am ino ▁ac ids , ▁forming ▁nit ros am ines , ▁which ▁are ▁known ▁car cin og ens . ▁ ▁The ▁dry ▁cur ing ▁of ▁ham ▁involves ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁en zym atic ▁re actions . ▁The ▁en zym es ▁involved ▁are ▁protein ases ▁ ▁( cat he ps ins ▁– ▁B , ▁D , ▁H ▁& ▁L , ▁and ▁cal p ains ) ▁and ▁ex ope pt id ases ▁( pe pt id ase ▁and ▁am ino pe pt id ase ). ▁These ▁en zym es ▁cause ▁prote ol ysis ▁of ▁mus cle ▁t |
issue , ▁which ▁creates ▁large ▁numbers ▁of ▁small ▁pe pt ides ▁and ▁free ▁am ino ▁ac ids , ▁while ▁the ▁ad ip ose ▁t issue ▁under go es ▁li pol ysis ▁to ▁create ▁free ▁fat ty ▁ac ids . ▁Salt ▁and ▁ph osph ates ▁act ▁as ▁strong ▁in hib itors ▁of ▁prote ol yt ic ▁activity . ▁Animal ▁factors ▁influen cing ▁en zym atic ▁activity ▁include ▁age , ▁weight , ▁and ▁bre ed . ▁During ▁the ▁process ▁itself , ▁conditions ▁such ▁as ▁temperature , ▁duration , ▁water ▁content , ▁re do x ▁potential , ▁and ▁salt ▁content ▁all ▁have ▁an ▁effect . ▁ ▁The ▁salt ▁content ▁in ▁dry - c ured ▁ham ▁var ies ▁throughout ▁a ▁piece ▁of ▁meat , ▁with ▁grad ients ▁determin able ▁through ▁sampling ▁and ▁testing ▁or ▁non - in vas ively ▁through ▁CT ▁sc anning . ▁ ▁W et - c ured ▁ ▁W et - c ured ▁h ams ▁are ▁br ined , ▁which ▁involves ▁the ▁imm ersion ▁of ▁the ▁meat ▁in ▁a ▁br ine , ▁sometimes ▁with ▁other ▁ing red ients ▁such ▁as ▁sugar ▁also ▁added ▁for ▁flav our . ▁Me at ▁is ▁typically ▁kept ▁in ▁the ▁br ine ▁for ▁around ▁ 3 ▁to ▁ 1 4 ▁days . ▁W et ▁cur ing ▁also ▁has ▁the ▁effect ▁of ▁increasing ▁volume ▁and ▁weight ▁of ▁the ▁finished ▁product , ▁by ▁about ▁ 4 %. ▁ ▁The ▁wet ▁cur ing ▁process ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁achieved ▁by ▁p ump ing ▁the ▁cur ing ▁solution ▁into ▁the ▁meat . ▁This ▁can ▁be |
▁quick er , ▁increase ▁the ▁weight ▁of ▁the ▁finished ▁product ▁by ▁more ▁than ▁imm ersion , ▁and ▁ensure ▁a ▁more ▁even ▁distribution ▁of ▁salt ▁through ▁the ▁meat . ▁This ▁process ▁is ▁quick er ▁than ▁traditional ▁br ining , ▁normally ▁being ▁completed ▁in ▁a ▁few ▁days . ▁ ▁Sm oking ▁ ▁Ham ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁addition ally ▁preserved ▁through ▁sm oking , ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁meat ▁is ▁placed ▁in ▁a ▁smoke house ▁( or ▁equivalent ) ▁to ▁be ▁c ured ▁by ▁the ▁action ▁of ▁smoke . ▁ ▁The ▁main ▁flav or ▁comp ounds ▁of ▁sm oked ▁ham ▁are ▁gu a ia col , ▁and ▁its ▁ 4 -, ▁ 5 -, ▁and ▁ 6 - m eth yl ▁derivatives ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁ 2 , 6 - dim eth yl phen ol . ▁These ▁comp ounds ▁are ▁produced ▁by ▁comb ust ion ▁of ▁l ign in , ▁a ▁major ▁constitu ent ▁of ▁wood ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁smoke house . ▁ ▁Label ing ▁ ▁In ▁many ▁countries ▁the ▁term ▁is ▁now ▁protected ▁by ▁stat ute , ▁with ▁a ▁specific ▁definition . ▁For ▁instance , ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁the ▁Code ▁of ▁Federal ▁Reg ulations ▁( CF R ) ▁says ▁that ▁" the ▁word ▁' ham ', ▁without ▁any ▁prefix ▁indicating ▁the ▁species ▁of ▁animal ▁from ▁which ▁derived , ▁shall ▁be ▁used ▁in ▁label ing ▁only ▁in ▁connection ▁with ▁the ▁h ind ▁legs ▁of ▁sw ine ". ▁ ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁the ▁main ▁categories , ▁some ▁processing ▁choices ▁can ▁affect ▁legal ▁label ing . ▁For |
▁instance , ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁a ▁" sm oked " ▁ham ▁must ▁have ▁been ▁sm oked ▁by ▁h anging ▁over ▁burning ▁wood ▁ch ips ▁in ▁a ▁smoke house ▁or ▁an ▁atom ized ▁sp ray ▁of ▁liquid ▁smoke ▁such ▁that ▁the ▁product ▁appearance ▁is ▁equivalent ; ▁a ▁" h ick ory - sm oked " ▁ham ▁must ▁have ▁been ▁sm oked ▁using ▁only ▁h ick ory . ▁However , ▁inject ing ▁" sm oke ▁flav or " ▁is ▁not ▁legal ▁grounds ▁for ▁claim ing ▁the ▁ham ▁was ▁" sm oked "; ▁these ▁are ▁l abeled ▁" sm oke ▁flav or ▁added ". ▁H ams ▁can ▁only ▁be ▁l abeled ▁" h oney - c ured " ▁if ▁h oney ▁was ▁at ▁least ▁ 5 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁sweet ener ▁used , ▁is ▁at ▁least ▁ 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁formula , ▁and ▁has ▁a ▁disc ern ible ▁effect ▁on ▁flav or . ▁So - called ▁" lean " ▁and ▁" extra ▁lean " ▁h ams ▁must ▁ad here ▁to ▁maximum ▁levels ▁of ▁fat ▁and ▁ch ol ester ol ▁per ▁ 1 0 0 gram s ▁of ▁product . ▁ ▁Wh ole ▁fresh ▁p ork ▁leg ▁can ▁be ▁l abeled ▁as ▁fresh ▁ham ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁Prote cted ▁design ations ▁▁ ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁h ams ▁world wide ▁have ▁some ▁level ▁of ▁protection ▁of ▁their ▁unique ▁characteristics , ▁usually ▁rel ating ▁to ▁their ▁method ▁of ▁pres ervation ▁or ▁location ▁of ▁production ▁or ▁processing . ▁Dep endent ▁on ▁juris |
diction , ▁rules ▁may ▁prevent ▁any ▁other ▁product ▁being ▁sold ▁with ▁the ▁particular ▁app ell ation , ▁such ▁as ▁through ▁the ▁European ▁protected ▁ge ographical ▁indic ation . ▁ ▁Belg ium ▁J amb on ▁d ' Ar den ne ▁– ▁Wall onia ▁ ▁Bulg aria ▁El ens ki ▁but ▁– ▁El ena ▁ ▁China ▁An fu ▁ham - ▁Ji ang xi ▁Jin h ua ▁ham ▁– ▁Jin h ua ▁R ug ao ▁ham ▁– ▁R ug ao ▁X uan wei ▁ham ▁– ▁X uan wei ▁ ▁Czech ▁Republic ▁Pra ž ká ▁Š un ka ▁(" P rag ue ▁Ham ") ▁– ▁Prag ue ▁ ▁Cro atia ▁Pr š ut ▁ ▁France ▁Bay onne ▁ham ▁( J amb on ▁de ▁Bay onne ) ▁– ▁Bay onne ▁ ▁Germany ▁Am mer l änder ▁Sch ink en ▁– ▁Am mer land ▁Schwar zw ä lder ▁Sch ink en ▁– ▁Black ▁Forest ▁West f äl ischer ▁Sch ink en ▁– ▁West phal ia ▁ ▁Italy ▁Pro sci utto ▁di ▁Par ma ▁– ▁Par ma ▁San ▁Dan iele ▁Spe ck ▁Al to ▁Ad ige ▁– ▁South ▁Ty rol ▁Vall ée ▁d ’ A ost e ▁J amb on ▁de ▁B oss es ▁– ▁Saint - R hé my - en - B oss es , ▁A osta ▁Valley ▁ ▁Luxemb ourg ▁É is le ker ▁ham ▁– ▁O es ling ▁region ▁ ▁Mont en eg ro ▁N j egu š ka ▁pr š uta ▁– ▁N j egu ši , ▁Mont en eg ro ▁ ▁Portugal ▁f iam |
bre ▁pres unto ▁ ▁Sloven ia ▁Kra š ki ▁pr š ut ▁ ▁Spain ▁ ▁Jam ón ▁ser rano ▁▁ ▁Jam ón ▁Ib ér ico , ▁made ▁from ▁the ▁Black ▁I ber ian ▁p ig ▁bre eds . ▁ ▁Lac ón ▁Gal leg o , ▁from ▁Gal icia ▁ ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁W ilt shire ▁c ure ▁ham ▁York ▁ham ▁– ▁York ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁Smith field ▁ham ▁– ▁Smith field , ▁Virginia ▁ ▁Us es ▁▁▁ ▁Ham ▁is ▁typically ▁used ▁in ▁its ▁s lic ed ▁form , ▁often ▁as ▁a ▁filling ▁for ▁sand wich es ▁and ▁similar ▁food s , ▁such ▁as ▁in ▁the ▁ham ▁sand wich ▁and ▁ham ▁and ▁che ese ▁sand wich . ▁Other ▁variations ▁include ▁to asted ▁sand wich es ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁cro que - m onsieur ▁and ▁the ▁Cub ano . ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁popular ▁to pping ▁for ▁p izza ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁a ▁p ork ▁leg ▁cut , ▁either ▁whole ▁or ▁s lic ed , ▁that ▁has ▁been ▁c ured ▁but ▁requires ▁additional ▁cook ing ▁is ▁known ▁as ▁gam mon . ▁G amm ons ▁were ▁traditional ▁c ured ▁before ▁being ▁cut ▁from ▁a ▁side ▁of ▁p ork ▁along ▁with ▁ba con . ▁When ▁cook ed , ▁gam mon ▁is ▁ham . ▁Such ▁ro asts ▁are ▁a ▁traditional ▁part ▁of ▁British ▁Christmas ▁d inners . ▁ ▁Health ▁effects ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁processed ▁meat , ▁there ▁has ▁been ▁concern ▁over ▁the ▁health ▁effects ▁of ▁ham ▁consumption . ▁A ▁meta - |
analysis ▁study ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁has ▁shown ▁a ▁statist ically ▁relevant ▁correlation ▁between ▁processed ▁meat ▁consumption ▁and ▁the ▁risk ▁of ▁pan cre atic ▁cancer , ▁with ▁an ▁increase ▁in ▁consumption ▁of ▁ ▁per ▁day ▁leading ▁to ▁a ▁ 1 9 % ▁increase ▁in ▁risk . ▁ ▁This ▁supported ▁earlier ▁studies , ▁including ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁study ▁Food , ▁N ut r ition , ▁Phys ical ▁Activity ▁and ▁the ▁Pre vention ▁of ▁Can cer : ▁a ▁Global ▁Pers pective , ▁by ▁the ▁World ▁Can cer ▁Research ▁Fund ▁and ▁the ▁American ▁Institute ▁for ▁Can cer ▁Research , ▁which ▁review ed ▁more ▁than ▁ 7 , 0 0 0 ▁studies ▁published ▁world wide . ▁Among ▁the ▁recommend ations ▁was ▁that , ▁except ▁for ▁very ▁rare ▁occasions , ▁people ▁should ▁avoid ▁e ating ▁ham ▁or ▁other ▁processed ▁me ats ▁– ▁c ured , ▁sm oked , ▁salt ed ▁or ▁chem ically ▁preserved ▁meat ▁products ▁such ▁as ▁ba con , ▁hot ▁dogs , ▁sa usage , ▁sal ami , ▁and ▁pas tr ami . ▁The ▁report ▁states ▁that ▁once ▁an ▁individual ▁reaches ▁the ▁ ▁week ly ▁limit ▁for ▁red ▁meat , ▁every ▁ ▁of ▁processed ▁meat ▁consum ed ▁a ▁day ▁increases ▁cancer ▁risk ▁by ▁ 2 1 %. ▁ ▁A ▁European ▁coh ort ▁study ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁also ▁posit ively ▁correl ated ▁processed ▁meat ▁consumption ▁with ▁higher ▁all - c ause ▁mort ality , ▁with ▁an ▁estimation ▁that ▁ 3 . 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁death s ▁amongst ▁participants |
▁could ▁have ▁been ▁prevent ed ▁by ▁cons uming ▁less ▁than ▁ ▁of ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Ham ▁history ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁Department ▁of ▁Agricult ure : ▁Ham ▁and ▁food ▁safety ▁ ▁Cook ´ s ▁Th es aur us : ▁ham ▁ ▁* ▁Category : An cient ▁d ishes ▁Category : Ch arc ut erie ▁Category : Christ mas ▁food ▁Category : C old ▁cut ▁Category : E aster ▁food ▁Category : G arde ▁m anger ▁Category : Sm oked ▁meat ▁Category : Thanks g iving ▁food <0x0A> </s> ▁Orth og on ius ▁bre v ith or ax ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁ground ▁be et le ▁in ▁the ▁sub family ▁Orth og oni inae . ▁It ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁De je an ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁bre v ith or ax ▁Category : Be et les ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 5 <0x0A> </s> ▁Alan ▁My ers ▁( Dec ember ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 1 9 5 4 ▁– ▁June ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁rock ▁drum mer ▁whose ▁music ▁career ▁sp anned ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 0 ▁years . ▁He ▁came ▁to ▁prom in ence ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁as ▁the ▁third ▁and ▁most ▁prominent ▁drum mer ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁wave ▁band ▁De vo , ▁replacing ▁Jim ▁M oth ers b augh . ▁ ▁Early ▁years ▁Alan ▁My ers ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 |
, ▁in ▁Ak ron , ▁Ohio , ▁and ▁came ▁from ▁a ▁jazz ▁background . ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁Fir estone ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 6 , ▁he ▁met ▁Bob ▁M oth ers b augh ▁in ▁a ▁c afé ▁in ▁West ▁Ak ron ▁and ▁went ▁to ▁the ▁house ▁Bob ▁and ▁Ger ald ▁Cas ale ▁were ▁rent ing ▁for ▁an ▁aud ition . ▁Alan ▁was ▁Jewish ▁and ▁had ▁been ▁playing ▁per cussion ▁since ▁at ▁least ▁junior ▁high ▁school . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁De vo ▁In ▁early ▁ 1 9 7 0 , ▁Bob ▁Lewis ▁and ▁Ger ald ▁Cas ale ▁formed ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁the ▁" de volution " ▁of ▁the ▁human ▁race ▁after ▁Cas ale ' s ▁friend ▁Jeff rey ▁Miller ▁was ▁killed ▁by ▁Ohio ▁National ▁Gu ards men ▁firing ▁on ▁a ▁student ▁demonstr ation . ▁My ers ▁joined ▁De vo ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 , ▁replacing ▁Jim ▁M oth ers b augh ▁following ▁his ▁departure ▁and ▁played ▁on ▁a ▁conventional , ▁ac oust ic ▁drum ▁k it . ▁After ▁the ▁band ▁under w ent ▁a ▁few ▁line - up ▁changes , ▁My ers ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁popular ▁five - pie ce ▁inc arn ation , ▁which ▁included ▁the ▁Cas ale ▁brothers : ▁Ger ald ▁and ▁Bob ▁(" Bob ▁ 2 ") ▁and ▁the ▁M oth ers b augh ▁brothers : ▁Mark ▁and ▁Bob ▁(" Bob ▁ 1 ") ▁and ▁played ▁on ▁De vo ' s ▁first ▁six ▁studio ▁albums . ▁In |
▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁My ers ▁with ▁De vo ▁served ▁as ▁T oni ▁Bas il ' s ▁backing ▁band ▁on ▁Word ▁of ▁M outh , ▁her ▁debut ▁album , ▁which ▁included ▁versions ▁of ▁three ▁De vo ▁songs , ▁recorded ▁with ▁Bas il ▁singing ▁lead . ▁ ▁My ers ▁became ▁dis content ed ▁as ▁De vo ▁began ▁to ▁add ▁drum ▁machines ▁to ▁some ▁of ▁their ▁songs . ▁New ▁Trad itional ists ▁featured ▁them ▁ ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time , ▁and ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁music ▁on ▁their ▁next ▁album ▁Oh , ▁No ! ▁It ' s ▁De vo ▁was ▁created ▁by ▁electronic ▁means , ▁while ▁Sh out ▁was ▁made ▁almost ▁entirely ▁using ▁the ▁Fair light ▁C MI ▁digital ▁sampling ▁synth es izer . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁book ▁We ▁Are ▁De vo , ▁ ▁My ers ▁c ited ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁cre ative ▁ful fil ment ▁as ▁his ▁reason ▁for ▁leaving ▁the ▁band . ▁Since ▁De vo ' s ▁move ▁to ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California , ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁he ' d ▁felt ▁ ▁his ▁role ▁greatly ▁reduced ▁partly ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁drum ▁machines . ▁He ▁left ▁even ▁though ▁Ger ald ▁Cas ale ▁had ▁begg ed ▁him ▁not ▁to . ▁ ▁Among ▁all ▁of ▁De vo ' s ▁drum mers , ▁My ers ▁is ▁the ▁one ▁most ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁band . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁De vo ▁reform ed ▁with ▁new ▁drum mer ▁David ▁K end rick , ▁formerly ▁of |
▁S par ks ▁to ▁replace ▁My ers . ▁ ▁Other ▁work ▁After ▁he ▁had ▁left ▁De vo , ▁My ers ▁went ▁to ▁work ▁as ▁an ▁elect rical ▁contract or , ▁but ▁also ▁remained ▁active ▁in ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁music ▁scene . ▁He ▁recorded ▁a ▁demo ▁with ▁Bab o osh ka , ▁a ▁band ▁that ▁was ▁his ▁girl friend ▁Gre ta ▁I on ita ' s ▁creation , ▁using ▁live ▁drums ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁electronic ▁per cussion ▁similar ▁to ▁his ▁last ▁two ▁albums ▁with ▁De vo . ▁My ers ▁also ▁played ▁drums ▁with ▁the ▁Asian - th emed ▁pop ▁band ▁Jean ▁Paul ▁Yam am oto . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁he ▁founded ▁the ▁band ▁Sky line ▁Electric ▁which ▁played ▁month ly ▁shows ▁in ▁art ▁gall eries ▁and ▁clubs ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles . ▁The ▁line - up ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁My ers ▁death ▁included ▁his ▁wife , ▁Christ ine ▁( S ug iy ama ) ▁My ers , ▁and ▁an ▁ass ort ment ▁of ▁other ▁experimental ▁mus icians . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁My ers ▁began ▁playing ▁in ▁the ▁live ▁ensemble ▁of ▁musical ▁project ▁Sw ah ili ▁Bl onde ▁with ▁his ▁daughter , ▁La ena ▁Ger on imo ▁( My ers - I on ita ). ▁ ▁Death ▁On ▁June ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁My ers ▁died ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 5 8 , ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California , ▁due ▁to ▁st om ach ▁cancer ▁News ▁reports ▁at ▁the ▁time |
▁of ▁his ▁death ▁incorrectly ▁c ited ▁a ▁brain ▁tum or ▁as ▁the ▁cause . ▁My ers ' ▁death ▁was ▁first ▁reported ▁on ▁Facebook ▁by ▁his ▁friend ▁Ralph ▁Car ney , ▁a ▁jazz ▁music ian ▁who ▁knew ▁him ▁in ▁De vo ' s ▁h omet own ▁of ▁Ak ron , ▁Ohio ▁and ▁his ▁death ▁came ▁a ▁month ▁before ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁Something ▁Else ▁for ▁Every body , ▁out t akes ▁from ▁De vo ' s ▁nin th ▁album ▁" Something ▁For ▁Every body ". ▁ ▁Ger ald ▁Cas ale ▁twe et ed ▁that ▁My ers ▁was ▁" the ▁most ▁incred ible ▁drum mer ▁I ▁had ▁the ▁privile ge ▁to ▁play ▁with ▁for ▁ 1 0 ▁years . ▁Los ing ▁him ▁was ▁like ▁losing ▁an ▁arm ." ▁Josh ▁Fre ese ▁twe et ed ▁that ▁My ers ▁was ▁" 1 ▁of ▁[ his ] ▁all ▁time ▁fav s . ▁An ▁under r ated / br illiant ▁drum mer . ▁Such ▁an ▁honor ▁playing ▁his ▁parts ▁w / De vo . ▁God speed ▁Human ▁Met ron ome ." ▁ ▁On ▁June ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁Sky line ▁Electric ▁performed ▁a ▁t ribute ▁to ▁My ers ▁at ▁Human ▁Resources ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles ' s ▁Ch in at own . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 3 ▁death s ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁drum mers ▁Category : De vo ▁members ▁Category : American ▁new |
▁wave ▁mus icians ▁Category : American ▁synth - pop ▁mus icians ▁Category : American ▁punk ▁rock ▁drum mers ▁Category : American ▁male ▁drum mers ▁Category : American ▁rock ▁drum mers ▁Category : Mus icians ▁from ▁Ohio ▁Category : Date ▁of ▁birth ▁unknown ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁st om ach ▁cancer ▁Category : J ew ish ▁American ▁mus icians ▁Category : J ew ish ▁rock ▁mus icians ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁cancer ▁in ▁California ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁drum mers ▁Category : J ew s ▁in ▁punk ▁rock <0x0A> </s> ▁__ NOT OC __ ▁ ▁The ▁Lor raine - H an ri ot ▁L H . 6 0 ▁was ▁a ▁training ▁mon op lane ▁built ▁in ▁France ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 3 0 s . ▁ ▁Design ▁It ▁was ▁a ▁conventional ▁par as ol - wing ▁mon op lane ▁with ▁fixed ▁tail sk id ▁under car riage , ▁the ▁main ▁units ▁of ▁which ▁were ▁mounted ▁on ▁out rig gers ▁attached ▁to ▁the ▁wing ▁str uts . ▁The ▁pilot ▁and ▁instruct or ▁sat ▁in ▁tan dem ▁open ▁co ck p its . ▁The ▁L H . 6 0 ▁was ▁of ▁wood ▁and ▁metal ▁construction . ▁ ▁Vari ants ▁L H . 6 0 Par as ol ▁mon op lane ▁crew ▁/ ▁observer ▁tra iner ▁L H . 6 1 Par as ol ▁mon op lane ▁f ighter ▁tra iner ▁ ▁Spec ifications ▁( L H . 6 0 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 |
9 3 0 s ▁French ▁military ▁tra iner ▁aircraft ▁L . 0 6 0 ▁Category : Par as ol - wing ▁aircraft ▁Category : A ircraft ▁first ▁flow n ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁Cro at ian ▁National ▁Theatre ▁() ▁is ▁the ▁official ▁name ▁of ▁several ▁state - fund ed ▁theatre ▁houses ▁in ▁Cro atia . ▁Each ▁one ▁is ▁commonly ▁referred ▁to ▁by ▁the ▁Cro at ian - language ▁initial ism ▁H N K . ▁The ▁four ▁theatre ▁houses ▁in ▁biggest ▁cities ▁( Z ag reb , ▁Split , ▁R ije ka ▁and ▁Os ij ek ) ▁are ▁considered ▁premier ▁theatre ▁and ▁opera ▁houses ▁in ▁the ▁country . ▁In ▁addition , ▁there ▁are ▁three ▁other ▁smaller ▁the at res ▁carrying ▁that ▁name ▁in ▁Cro atia ▁( in ▁Š iben ik , ▁V ara ž din ▁and ▁Z ad ar ) ▁and ▁one ▁in ▁Bos nia ▁and ▁Herz egov ina ▁( in ▁Most ar ). ▁ ▁Hence ▁it ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁Cro at ian ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁R ije ka ▁(" H N K ▁Z aj c " ▁or ▁" H N K ▁R ije ka "), ▁located ▁in ▁R ije ka ; ▁not ▁to ▁be ▁confused ▁with ▁H N K ▁R ije ka ▁( the ▁football ▁club ) ▁Cro at ian ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Most ar ▁(" H N K ▁Most ar "), ▁a ▁theatre ▁located ▁in ▁Most ar , ▁home ▁to ▁the ▁largest ▁population ▁of ▁Cro ats ▁in ▁Bos nia ▁and ▁Herz egov ina ▁Cro at ian ▁National |
▁Theatre ▁in ▁Os ij ek ▁(" H N K ▁Os ij ek "), ▁a ▁theatre ▁building ▁in ▁Os ij ek , ▁capital ▁of ▁the ▁Cro at ian ▁region ▁of ▁S lav onia ▁ ▁Cro at ian ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Split ▁(" H N K ▁Split "), ▁a ▁theatre ▁located ▁in ▁Split , ▁Cro atia . ▁Origin ally ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 3 , ▁the ▁theatre ▁is ▁owned ▁and ▁operated ▁by ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁Split ▁and ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁oldest ▁surv iving ▁the at res ▁in ▁Dal mat ia ▁ ▁Cro at ian ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Zag reb ▁(" H N K ▁Zag reb "), ▁a ▁theatre ▁located ▁in ▁Zag reb , ▁owned ▁and ▁operated ▁by ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Culture ▁ ▁It ▁may ▁also ▁refer ▁to ▁other ▁theatre ▁houses ▁which ▁carried ▁that ▁name ▁in ▁the ▁past : ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Sub ot ica , ▁located ▁in ▁Sub ot ica ▁in ▁Ser bia . ▁Kn own ▁as ▁the ▁" C ro at ian ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Sub ot ica " ▁ 1 9 4 5 – 1 9 5 4 ▁Sar aje vo ▁National ▁Theatre , ▁located ▁in ▁Sar aje vo , ▁Bos nia ▁and ▁Herz egov ina ; ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" C ro at ian ▁State ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Sar aje vo " ▁ 1 9 4 1 – 1 9 4 5 ▁ ▁Category : The atre ▁in ▁Cro atia <0x0A> </s> ▁Natal i ya ▁F ek lis ova ▁( , ▁born ▁October ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 |
7 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Ukrain ian ▁s print ▁can o er ▁who ▁competed ▁from ▁the ▁mid - 1 9 9 0 s ▁to ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁( de cade ). ▁She ▁won ▁a ▁bronze ▁medal ▁in ▁the ▁K - 4 ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁m ▁event ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁I CF ▁C ano e ▁S print ▁World ▁Championships ▁in ▁Poz na ń . ▁ ▁F ek lis ova ▁also ▁competed ▁in ▁two ▁Summer ▁Olympics , ▁ear ning ▁her ▁best ▁finish ▁of ▁fifth ▁in ▁the ▁K - 4 ▁ 5 0 0 ▁m ▁event ▁at ▁Sydney ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Sports - reference . com ▁profile ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : C ano e ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : C ano e ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁can oe ists ▁of ▁Ukraine ▁Category : U k rain ian ▁female ▁can oe ists ▁Category : IC F ▁C ano e ▁S print ▁World ▁Championships ▁medal ists ▁in ▁k ay ak <0x0A> </s> ▁Am ph icle ia ▁or ▁Am ph ik le ia ▁() ▁or ▁Am ph ica ea ▁or ▁Am ph ika ia ▁( Ἀ μ φ ί κ α ι α ) ▁was ▁a ▁Greek ▁town ▁in ▁the ▁north ▁of ▁ancient ▁Ph oc is , ▁distant ▁ 6 0 |
▁stad ia ▁from ▁Lil ae a , ▁and ▁ 1 5 ▁stad ia ▁from ▁T ith ron ium . ▁It ▁was ▁destroyed ▁by ▁the ▁Pers ian ▁army ▁of ▁X er xes ▁in ▁his ▁invasion ▁of ▁Greece ▁( 4 8 0 B CE ). ▁Although ▁Her odot us ▁calls ▁it ▁Am ph ica ea , ▁following ▁the ▁most ▁ancient ▁trad itions , ▁the ▁Am ph ict y onic ▁League ▁gave ▁it ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁Am ph icle ia ▁in ▁their ▁dec ree ▁respect ing ▁re building ▁the ▁town ▁( 3 4 6 B CE ). ▁It ▁also ▁bore ▁for ▁some ▁time ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁O ph ite ia ▁( <0xE1> <0xBD> <0x88> φ ι τ ε ί α ), ▁in ▁consequence ▁of ▁a ▁legend , ▁which ▁P aus an ias ▁rel ates . ▁The ▁place ▁was ▁celebrated ▁in ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁P aus an ias ▁for ▁the ▁worship ▁of ▁D ion ys us , ▁to ▁which ▁an ▁ins cription ▁refers , ▁found ▁at ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁ancient ▁town . ▁▁ ▁The ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁ancient ▁town ▁is ▁occupied ▁by ▁the ▁c emetery ▁of ▁the ▁modern ▁town ▁of ▁Am fik le ia . ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁a ▁medieval ▁tower ▁( P ali opy rg os ), ▁which ▁has ▁been ▁built ▁with ▁extensive ▁reuse ▁of ▁sp olia ▁from ▁the ▁ac ropol is ▁of ▁Am ph icle ia . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : C ities ▁in ▁ancient ▁Greece ▁Category : An cient ▁Greek ▁cities ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in |
▁ancient ▁Ph oc is ▁Category : Form er ▁populated ▁places ▁in ▁Greece <0x0A> </s> ▁S pl ui i ▁N uma ▁was ▁a ▁hard core ▁punk ▁band ▁from ▁Federal ▁Way , ▁Washington ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁ ▁Its ▁members ▁consisted ▁of ▁Erik ▁A as en ▁( v oc als ), ▁Charles ▁Qu ain ▁( gu itar ), ▁Keith ▁St ro bel ▁( b ass ), ▁briefly ▁Harold ▁H oll ings worth ▁( v oc als ), ▁and ▁ ▁Alex ▁Sh um way . ▁ ▁M ud h oney ' s ▁Steve ▁Turner ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁guitar ist ▁for ▁the ▁band ▁for ▁a ▁short ▁amount ▁of ▁time ▁before ▁leaving ▁the ▁band ▁to ▁join ▁Mr . ▁E pp ▁and ▁the ▁Calcul ations . ▁ ▁Qu ain ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁band ▁L imp ▁Rich erd s ▁that ▁also ▁had ▁at ▁times ▁consisted ▁of ▁M ud h oney ' s ▁Mark ▁Arm ▁and ▁Steve ▁Turner . ▁ ▁Sh um way ▁had ▁also ▁played ▁one ▁show ▁with ▁L imp ▁Rich erd s , ▁playing ▁a ▁Band ▁A id ▁container . ▁ ▁The ▁origin ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁" S pl ui i ▁N uma " ▁comes ▁from ▁gra ff iti ▁written ▁on ▁a ▁lo cker ▁at ▁Sh um way ' s ▁high school . ▁ ▁A ▁person ▁had ▁written ▁" John ▁L enn on ▁lives !" ▁on ▁a ▁school ▁lo cker . ▁ ▁Some one ▁later ▁crossed ▁out ▁the ▁word ▁' l ives ' ▁and ▁wrote ▁" w ent ▁spl ui i ▁num |
a !" ▁ ▁( The ▁words ▁con not ing ▁shooting ▁and ▁blood ▁sp atter .) ▁ ▁Upon ▁the ▁band ' s ▁dem ise ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 , ▁Sh um way ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁link ▁up ▁with ▁Mark ▁Arm , ▁Steve ▁Turner , ▁Jeff ▁A ment , ▁and ▁Stone ▁G oss ard ▁to ▁form ▁the ▁influ ential ▁gr unge ▁band ▁Green ▁River . ▁▁▁ ▁After ▁Green ▁River ▁broke ▁up ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁Arm ▁and ▁Turner ▁later ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁form ▁the ▁band ▁M ud h oney . ▁A ment ▁and ▁G oss ard ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁form ▁Mother ▁Love ▁B one ▁and ▁later ▁Pear l ▁Jam . ▁Sh um way ▁attended ▁university ▁in ▁Japan , ▁and ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁work ▁in ▁politics . ▁ ▁References ▁" In tr igue ▁and ▁Inc est : ▁Pear l ▁Jam ▁and ▁the ▁Secret ▁History ▁of ▁Seattle " ▁Jo - An n ▁Gre ene , ▁Gold mine ▁ 8 / 2 0 / 9 3 ▁▁ ▁Category : P unk ▁rock ▁groups ▁from ▁Washington ▁( state ) ▁Category : Sub ▁Pop ▁artists ▁Category : Mus ical ▁groups ▁from ▁Seattle <0x0A> </s> ▁S coli oc ent ra ▁t inct a ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁fly ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁He le om yz idae . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : He le om yz idae ▁Category : Art icles ▁created ▁by ▁Q bug bot ▁Category : In sect s ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 9 <0x0A> </s> ▁Os ip en ko ▁( Russ |
ian ), ▁Os yp en ko ▁( U k rain ian ), ▁or ▁As ip en ka ▁( Bel arus ian ) ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁People ▁Al la ▁Os ip en ko ▁( b . 1 9 3 2 ), ▁Russian ▁ball er ina ▁Alexander ▁Os ip en ko ▁( 1 9 1 0 – 1 9 9 1 ), ▁Soviet ▁Lieutenant - General ▁Pol ina ▁Os ip en ko ▁( 1 9 0 7 – 1 9 3 9 ), ▁Soviet ▁pilot , ▁Hero ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁ ▁In na ▁Os yp en ko ▁( b . 1 9 8 2 ), ▁Ukrain ian ▁s print ▁can o er ▁D z mit ry ▁As ip en ka ▁( b . 1 9 8 2 ), ▁Bel arus ian ▁s occer ▁player ▁ ▁Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Ukraine ▁Os yp en ko , ▁Sol one ▁Ra ion , ▁a ▁village , ▁D n ip rop et rov sk ▁O blast , ▁Ukraine ▁Os yp en ko , ▁B erd y ansk ▁Ra ion , ▁a ▁village , ▁Z apor iz h ia ▁O blast , ▁Ukraine ▁Os yp en ko , ▁Se v ast opol , ▁a ▁village ▁under ▁the ▁juris diction ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Se v ast opol , ▁Ukraine ▁Os yp en ko , ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁B erd y ansk , ▁Ukraine , ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 9 – 1 9 5 8 ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁I men i ▁Pol |
iny ▁Os ip en ko ▁District , ▁a ▁district ▁of ▁K hab ar ov sk ▁K rai , ▁Russia ▁I men i ▁Pol iny ▁Os ip en ko ▁( r ural ▁local ity ), ▁a ▁rural ▁local ity ▁( a ▁sel o ), ▁the ▁administrative ▁center ▁of ▁that ▁district ▁Pol iny ▁Os ip en ko ▁Street , ▁name ▁of ▁Sad ov n ich esk aya ▁Street , ▁Moscow , ▁Russia , ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 9 – 1 9 9 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁V inc ig uer ria ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁br ist lem outh s . ▁It ▁is ▁named ▁for ▁Dr . ▁De cio ▁V inc ig uer ra ▁( 1 8 5 6 - 1 9 3 4 ), ▁an ▁Italian ▁ich thy ologist . ▁ ▁In cluded ▁species ▁There ▁are ▁currently ▁five ▁recognized ▁species ▁in ▁this ▁genus : ▁ ▁V inc ig uer ria ▁at ten u ata ▁( C oc co , ▁ 1 8 3 8 ) ▁( Sl ender ▁light fish ) ▁ ▁V inc ig uer ria ▁luc et ia ▁( G ar man , ▁ 1 8 9 9 ) ▁( Pan ama ▁light fish ) ▁ ▁V inc ig uer ria ▁m ab ah iss ▁R . ▁K . ▁Johnson ▁& ▁F elt es , ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁ ▁V inc ig uer ria ▁nim bar ia ▁( D . ▁S . ▁Jordan ▁& ▁T . ▁M . ▁Williams , ▁ 1 8 9 5 ) ▁( O cean ic |
▁light fish ) ▁ ▁V inc ig uer ria ▁power iae ▁( C oc co , ▁ 1 8 3 8 ) ▁( Power ' s ▁deep - water ▁br ist le - mouth ▁fish ) ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Ph os ich thy idae ▁▁ ▁Category : Mar ine ▁fish ▁gener a ▁Category : T ax a ▁named ▁by ▁David ▁St arr ▁Jordan ▁Category : T ax a ▁named ▁by ▁Bart on ▁Warren ▁Ever mann <0x0A> </s> ▁Din net ▁Oak wood ▁is ▁a ▁Design ated ▁Special ▁Area ▁of ▁Conserv ation ▁located ▁in ▁Aber de ens hire , ▁Scotland . ▁It ▁is ▁located ▁approximately ▁ 9 m iles ▁from ▁A boy ne ▁and ▁six ▁miles ▁from ▁Ball ater . ▁The ▁area ▁is ▁owned ▁by ▁Scottish ▁Natural ▁Heritage . ▁ ▁Land ▁area ▁It ▁is ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁ 1 9 . 7 3 ▁hect ares , ▁of ▁which ▁ 1 0 0 % ▁is ▁broad - leaf ▁decid uous ▁wood land . ▁Din net ▁Oak wood ▁is ▁believed ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁an ▁ancient ▁forest ▁which ▁covered ▁low land ▁Scotland . ▁ ▁Flora ▁and ▁fa una ▁The ▁fl ora ▁and ▁fa una ▁of ▁Din net ▁Oak wood ▁is ▁very ▁diverse , ▁and ▁includes ▁many ▁fish , ▁am ph ib ians , ▁trees , ▁f ern s , ▁fung i , ▁insect s , ▁m oss es , ▁re pt iles , ▁sp iders , ▁and ▁m amm als . ▁ ▁Din net ▁Oak wood ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁two ▁places , ▁along |
▁with ▁Mor onne ▁B irk wood s , ▁which ▁constit utes ▁the ▁Eastern ▁High lands ▁Atlantic ▁Bry oph y te ▁Zone . ▁ ▁The ▁fa una ▁of ▁Din net ▁is ▁especially ▁important ▁because ▁it ▁was ▁protected ▁because ▁there ▁are ▁few ▁o ak ▁wood lands ▁located ▁in ▁eastern ▁Scotland , ▁far ▁less ▁so ▁than ▁in ▁western ▁Scotland , ▁and ▁because ▁Din net ▁Oak wood ▁contains ▁many ▁gro ves ▁of ▁sess ile ▁o ak . ▁The ▁fung i ▁are ▁also ▁of ▁note ▁because ▁among ▁those ▁located ▁in ▁Din net , ▁there ▁are ▁several ▁very ▁rare ▁vari eties ▁that ▁are ▁dependent ▁on ▁o ak ▁and ▁char co al , ▁making ▁it ▁a ▁site ▁of ▁national ▁import . ▁ ▁Bird ing ▁is ▁common ▁in ▁the ▁area , ▁especially ▁in ▁the ▁spring time . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : For ests ▁and ▁wood lands ▁of ▁Scotland ▁Category : Special ▁Are as ▁of ▁Conserv ation ▁in ▁Scotland ▁Category : Pro te cted ▁areas ▁of ▁Aber de ens hire ▁Category : S ites ▁of ▁Special ▁Scient ific ▁Interest ▁in ▁K inc ard ine ▁and ▁De es ide <0x0A> </s> ▁Ana ▁Vie ira ▁( Co im bra , ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁– ▁ 2 9 ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 6 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Portuguese ▁artist . ▁ ▁Biography ▁/ ▁Works ▁ ▁Ana ▁Vie ira ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Co im bra , ▁Portugal , ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . She ▁grew ▁up ▁on ▁the ▁island ▁of ▁São ▁Miguel ▁in ▁the ▁Az ores , ▁Portugal . ▁L ived |
▁and ▁worked ▁in ▁Lis bon , ▁Portugal . D ied ▁in ▁Lis bon , ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Art ist ▁Site ▁Centro ▁de ▁Arte ▁Mod erna , ▁Fund ação ▁Cal ou ste ▁Gul ben k ian , ▁Lis boa ▁– ▁Ana ▁Vie ira ▁A NA ▁VI E I RA ▁NA ▁CO LE C Ç Ã O ▁DA ▁F UND A Ç Ã O ▁DE ▁S ERR AL V ES ▁ ▁Category : Port ug uese ▁artists ▁Category : 1 9 4 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Co im bra <0x0A> </s> ▁God f rey hole ▁is ▁a ▁ham let ▁in ▁Derby shire , ▁England . ▁It ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁the ▁j unction ▁of ▁the ▁B 5 0 3 5 ▁and ▁West ▁End ▁roads , ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁Wir ks worth , ▁the ▁population ▁taken ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Census ▁also ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁civil ▁parish ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁name . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : H am lets ▁in ▁Derby shire ▁Category : Der by shire ▁D ales <0x0A> </s> ▁Lady ▁L . ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁novel ▁by ▁the ▁French ▁writer ▁Rom ain ▁Gary . ▁Gary ▁wrote ▁the ▁book ▁in ▁English ▁and ▁translated ▁it ▁to ▁French ▁himself ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁Peter ▁U st in ov ▁directed ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁film ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁title ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁novel . |
▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁in ▁literature ▁▁ 2 0 th - century ▁French ▁literature ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 8 ▁French ▁nov els ▁Category : Nov els ▁by ▁Rom ain ▁Gary ▁Category : English - language ▁nov els ▁Category : F rench ▁nov els ▁adapted ▁into ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁James ▁Ross ▁( August ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 1 8 5 1 ▁– ▁June ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 1 9 3 6 ) ▁was ▁a ▁politician ▁in ▁Al berta , ▁Canada ▁and ▁a ▁municipal ▁coun c ill or ▁in ▁Ed mont on . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁Ross ▁was ▁born ▁August ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 1 8 5 1 ▁in ▁Toronto . ▁ ▁He ▁received ▁his ▁app rent ices hip ▁in ▁t ins m ith ing ▁and ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁jour ne yman . ▁ ▁He ▁moved ▁to ▁Ed mont on ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 8 ▁and ▁established ▁a ▁tin shop ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁he ▁created ▁the ▁Ross ▁Brothers ▁general ▁hardware ▁store ▁with ▁his ▁brother , ▁Frederick . ▁ ▁They ▁sold ▁the ▁business ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Western ▁Canadian ▁Vin eg ar ▁Company ▁and ▁Vice ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Al berta ▁Mill ing ▁Company . ▁ ▁James ▁Ross ▁married ▁Ellen ▁Mc Be ath ▁of ▁Ed mont on ; ▁the ▁pair ▁had ▁seven ▁children . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁active ▁with ▁the ▁Fre em asons , |
▁Method ist ▁Church , ▁and ▁the ▁Liberal ▁Party ▁of ▁Al berta . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 2 , ▁Ross ▁ran ▁for ▁al der man ▁on ▁Ed mont on ' s ▁first ▁town ▁council . ▁ ▁He ▁finished ▁tw elf th ▁of ▁four teen ▁candidates , ▁and ▁was ▁not ▁elected ▁( the ▁top ▁six ▁were ). ▁ ▁However , ▁he ▁was ▁elected ▁in ▁his ▁second ▁attempt , ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 4 , ▁when ▁he ▁finished ▁third ▁of ▁nine ▁candidates . ▁ ▁He ▁served ▁one ▁year , ▁and ▁with d rew ▁from ▁politics ▁until ▁ 1 8 9 7 , ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁elected ▁to ▁both ▁the ▁town ▁council ▁( on ▁which ▁he ▁served ▁one ▁year ) ▁and ▁the ▁public ▁school ▁board ▁( on ▁which ▁he ▁served ▁two ▁years ). ▁ ▁His ▁final ▁for ay ▁into ▁politics ▁took ▁place ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁election , ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁elected ▁to ▁the ▁town ▁council ▁for ▁a ▁third ▁time . ▁ ▁Ald erman ic ▁terms ▁had ▁been ▁extended ▁to ▁two ▁years , ▁so ▁Ross ▁served ▁until ▁ 1 9 0 4 . ▁ ▁He ▁did ▁not ▁seek ▁re - e lection . ▁ ▁James ▁Ross ▁died ▁June ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 1 9 3 6 . ▁ ▁References ▁Ed mont on ▁Public ▁Library ▁bi ography ▁of ▁James ▁Ross ▁City ▁of ▁Ed mont on ▁bi ography ▁of ▁James ▁Ross ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 5 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 3 6 ▁death s ▁Category : Ed mont |
on ▁city ▁coun c ill ors ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁Toronto ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁Method ists ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁Method ists <0x0A> </s> ▁China ▁Band y ▁Federation , ▁C BF , ▁was ▁founded ▁on ▁ 1 3 ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁The ▁Chinese ▁Ice ▁Hockey ▁Association ▁joined ▁the ▁Federation ▁of ▁International ▁Band y ▁( FI B ) ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁and ▁govern ed ▁band y ▁in ▁China ▁until ▁it ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁the ▁C BF . ▁▁ ▁The ▁feder ation ▁was ▁founded ▁at ▁the ▁initi ative ▁and ▁co operation ▁of ▁China ▁S ust ain able ▁Society , ▁Nord ic ▁S ust ain able ▁Organ ization , ▁Nord ic ▁Vik ings , ▁H ok ay , ▁Har bin ▁Sport ▁University , ▁Ch eng de ▁City ▁and ▁Be ij ing ▁International . ▁The ▁Federation ▁is ▁looking ▁to ▁set ▁up ▁teams ▁in ▁Ch eng de , ▁Har bin , ▁Ch ang ch un , ▁Q i q ih ar , ▁J iam us i , ▁Fun y uan ▁( close ▁to ▁the ▁Russian ▁border ▁and ▁K hab ar ov sk , ▁where ▁there ' s ▁a ▁professional ▁Russian ▁band y ▁club ) ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Be ij ing . ▁China ▁Band y ▁is ▁mainly ▁fin anced ▁by ▁private ▁resources . ▁The ▁City ▁of ▁Ch eng de , ▁the ▁Federation ▁of ▁International ▁Band y ▁and ▁some ▁Russian ▁and ▁Swedish ▁companies ▁has ▁helped ▁starting ▁up ▁the ▁organisation . ▁ ▁The ▁offices ▁of ▁the ▁Federation |
▁is ▁located ▁at ▁No . 8 , ▁Y uy u ant an ▁South ▁Road ▁in ▁Ha id ian ▁District ▁in ▁the ▁Chinese ▁capital ▁Be ij ing . ▁The ▁general ▁manager ▁is ▁Per - E rik ▁Hol m ström ▁and ▁the ▁deput y ▁general ▁manager ▁is ▁R ex ▁Long ▁Wang . ▁The ▁Federation ▁is ▁gover ning ▁the ▁China ▁men ' s ▁national ▁band y ▁team , ▁the ▁China ▁women ' s ▁national ▁band y ▁team ▁and ▁domestic ▁games . ▁ ▁China ▁was ▁the ▁host ▁nation ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Women ' s ▁Band y ▁World ▁Championship ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Ch eng de ▁and ▁the ▁B ▁Division ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Men ' s ▁Band y ▁World ▁Championship ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Har bin . ▁ ▁National ▁teams ▁▁ ▁China ▁men ' s ▁national ▁band y ▁team ▁▁ ▁China ▁women ' s ▁national ▁band y ▁team ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Band y ▁Category : B andy ▁in ▁China ▁China ▁Category : B andy ▁gover ning ▁bodies ▁Category : S ports ▁organizations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁V ine ▁() ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁short - form ▁video ▁hosting ▁service ▁where ▁users ▁shared ▁six - second - long , ▁looping ▁video ▁cli ps . ▁It ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 2 ; ▁American ▁micro blog ging ▁website ▁Twitter ▁acquired ▁it ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁before ▁its ▁launch ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 |
1 3 . ▁Videos ▁were ▁published ▁through ▁V ine ' s ▁social ▁network , ▁and ▁could ▁be ▁shared ▁on ▁other ▁platforms ▁such ▁as ▁Facebook ▁and ▁Twitter . ▁The ▁V ine ▁app ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁brow se ▁videos , ▁along ▁with ▁groups ▁of ▁videos ▁by ▁theme , ▁and ▁" tr ending " ▁videos . ▁V ine ▁competed ▁with ▁other ▁social - media ▁services ▁such ▁as ▁Inst agram ▁and ▁M ob li . ▁ ▁By ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁V ine ▁had ▁ 2 0 0 ▁million ▁active ▁users . ▁On ▁October ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Twitter ▁announced ▁it ▁would ▁disable ▁upload s , ▁but ▁view ing ▁and ▁download ▁would ▁continue ▁to ▁work . ▁On ▁January ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Twitter ▁launched ▁an ▁Internet ▁archive ▁of ▁all ▁V ine ▁videos , ▁allowing ▁people ▁to ▁watch ▁previously ▁uploaded ▁videos . ▁ ▁In ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁co - found er ▁Dom ▁Hof mann ▁announced ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁begun ▁working ▁on ▁V ine ' s ▁successor , ▁V 2 , ▁which ▁he ▁has ▁said ▁is ▁not ▁affili ated ▁with ▁Twitter . ▁However , ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁Hof mann ▁posted ▁on ▁V 2 ' s ▁community ▁for ums ▁stating ▁that ▁the ▁project ▁was ▁being ▁in def initely ▁post pon ed , ▁due ▁in ▁large ▁part ▁to ▁" fin an cial ▁and ▁legal ▁hur d les ". ▁Since ▁then , ▁Dom ▁has ▁res umed ▁the |
▁project ▁after ▁rec ruit ing ▁a ▁team , ▁changing ▁the ▁app ' s ▁final ▁name ▁to ▁Byte ; ▁the ▁app ▁later ▁entered ▁a ▁closed ▁beta , ▁with ▁active ▁community ▁members ▁from ▁a ▁dedicated ▁forum ▁who ▁were ▁accepted ▁via ▁inv ite . ▁Byte ▁was ▁released ▁for ▁iOS ▁and ▁Android ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 2 0 . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁V ine ▁was ▁founded ▁by ▁Dom ▁Hof mann , ▁Rus ▁Y us up ov , ▁and ▁Col in ▁K roll ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁The ▁company ▁was ▁acquired ▁by ▁Twitter ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁for ▁a ▁reported ▁$ 3 0 ▁million ▁but ▁was ▁later ▁reform ed ▁as ▁Inter media ▁L abs . ▁V ine ▁launched ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁as ▁a ▁free ▁app ▁for ▁iOS ▁devices . ▁An ▁Android ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁On ▁November ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁application ▁was ▁released ▁for ▁Windows ▁Phone . ▁In ▁a ▁couple ▁of ▁months , ▁V ine ▁became ▁the ▁most ▁used ▁video ▁sharing ▁application ▁in ▁the ▁market , ▁even ▁with ▁low ▁ad option ▁of ▁the ▁app . ▁On ▁April ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁V ine ▁became ▁the ▁most ▁downloaded ▁free ▁app ▁within ▁the ▁iOS ▁App ▁Store ▁and ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁V ine ▁launched ▁the ▁web ▁version ▁of ▁the |
▁service ▁to ▁explore ▁videos . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁V ine ▁updated ▁its ▁app ▁with ▁a ▁new ▁" loop ▁count " ▁meaning ▁every ▁time ▁someone ▁watch es ▁a ▁v ine , ▁a ▁number ▁on ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁video ▁will ▁appear ▁showing ▁how ▁many ▁times ▁it ▁was ▁viewed . ▁The ▁" loop ▁count " ▁also ▁includes ▁views ▁from ▁v ines ▁that ▁are ▁embedded ▁onto ▁other ▁websites . ▁On ▁October ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁an ▁X box ▁One ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁allowing ▁X box ▁Live ▁members ▁to ▁watch ▁the ▁looping ▁videos . ▁ ▁In ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁V ine ▁introduced ▁V ine ▁Music , ▁whose ▁" S nap ▁to ▁Beat " ▁feature ▁creates ▁perfect ▁infinite ▁music ▁loops . ▁In ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁V ine ▁announced ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁experiment ing ▁with ▁letting ▁users ▁attach ▁video ▁cli ps ▁up ▁to ▁ 1 4 0 ▁seconds . ▁In ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁co - found er ▁Dom ▁Hoff man ▁announced ▁the ▁up coming ▁successor ▁to ▁V ine , ▁Byte , ▁also ▁previously ▁known ▁as ▁V 2 ; ▁it ▁was ▁sl ated ▁to ▁come ▁out ▁in ▁spring ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁V ine ▁K ids ▁ ▁In ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁V ine ▁launched ▁V ine ▁K ids , ▁an ▁app ▁designed ▁specifically ▁for ▁children . ▁The ▁new ▁app ▁was ▁designed ▁by ▁a ▁pair ▁of ▁V ine ▁employees ▁in ▁order |
▁to ▁create ▁a ▁safe ▁space ▁for ▁younger ▁users ▁to ▁watch ▁content ▁de emed ▁appropriate ▁for ▁children . ▁Every ▁video ▁posted ▁to ▁the ▁app ▁was ▁carefully ▁cur ated ▁by ▁V ine ▁employees ▁themselves ▁to ▁ensure ▁a ▁platform ▁of ▁purely ▁G - r ated ▁videos ▁was ▁achieved . ▁ ▁V ine ' s ▁Head ▁of ▁Communic ation ▁and ▁Mark eting , ▁Carol yn ▁Pen ner , ▁told ▁CNN ▁that ▁" children ▁can ▁sw ipe ▁back ▁and ▁forth ▁on ▁the ▁screen ▁to ▁find ▁new ▁videos , ▁and ▁also ▁tap ▁the ▁screen ▁to ▁produce ▁sound ▁effects ". ▁While ▁only ▁being ▁available ▁to ▁consum ers ▁with ▁access ▁to ▁iOS ▁devices , ▁and ▁there ▁being ▁an ▁in ability ▁for ▁users ▁to ▁upload ▁their ▁own ▁videos , ▁the ▁new ▁app ▁still ▁addressed ▁a ▁demand ▁from ▁the ▁increasing ▁number ▁of ▁families ▁that ▁wanted ▁to ▁be ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁growing ▁digital ▁space ▁in ▁a ▁manner ▁that ▁was ▁safe ▁for ▁their ▁children . ▁ ▁Dis continu ation ▁of ▁V ine ▁service ▁ ▁On ▁October ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁V ine ▁announced ▁that ▁Twitter ▁would ▁be ▁dis continu ing ▁the ▁V ine ▁mobile ▁app . ▁ ▁V ine ▁said ▁users ▁of ▁the ▁service ▁will ▁be ▁not ified ▁before ▁any ▁changes ▁to ▁the ▁app ▁or ▁website ▁are ▁made . ▁ ▁The ▁company ▁also ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁website ▁and ▁the ▁app ▁will ▁still ▁be ▁available ▁for ▁users ▁to ▁view ▁and ▁download ▁V ines ; ▁however , ▁users ▁will ▁no ▁longer ▁be ▁able ▁to ▁post . ▁ ▁The ▁dis continu ation |
▁of ▁V ine ▁came ▁as ▁many ▁different ▁compet ing ▁platforms ▁began ▁to ▁introduce ▁their ▁own ▁equival ents ▁to ▁V ine ' s ▁short - form ▁video ▁approach . ▁Platform s ▁such ▁as ▁Inst agram ▁began ▁to ▁introduce ▁their ▁own ▁takes ▁on ▁the ▁short ▁video ▁angle , ▁such ▁as ▁Inst agram ▁Video , ▁where ▁users ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁upload ▁ 1 5 - second ▁videos ▁to ▁their ▁profiles . ▁" Inst agram ▁video ▁was ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁end ", ▁said ▁a ▁former ▁V ine ▁executive ▁during ▁an ▁interview ▁with ▁online ▁te ch ▁news ▁site ▁The ▁Ver ge . ▁▁ ▁Mark eters ▁leaving ▁the ▁platform ▁were ▁also ▁an ▁enorm ous ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁decision ▁by ▁Twitter ▁to ▁dis continue ▁V ine . ▁Many ▁mon et ary ▁sources ▁began ▁to ▁move ▁to ▁longer ▁short ▁video ▁platforms , ▁and ▁with ▁them ▁followed ▁many ▁popular ▁V ine ▁cre ators . ▁Since ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁more ▁than ▁half ▁of ▁V ine ▁users ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 5 , 0 0 0 ▁follow ers ▁had ▁ceased ▁upload ing ▁or ▁had ▁deleted ▁their ▁accounts ▁to ▁move ▁on ▁to ▁other ▁platforms ▁such ▁as ▁YouTube , ▁Inst agram ▁and ▁S nap chat . ▁V ine ▁execut ives ▁and ▁co ▁found ers ▁were ▁supposed ly ▁against ▁mon et ization ▁and ▁did ▁not ▁take ▁money ▁from ▁many ▁br ands , ▁which ▁is ▁said ▁to ▁have ▁led ▁to ▁Twitter ' s ▁dis continu ation ▁of ▁the ▁service . ▁ ▁On ▁December ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 |
1 6 , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁the ▁V ine ▁mobile ▁app ▁would ▁remain ▁oper ational ▁as ▁a ▁stand alone ▁service , ▁allowing ▁users ▁to ▁publish ▁their ▁videos ▁directly ▁to ▁Twitter ▁instead ▁of ▁V ine ; ▁the ▁V ine ▁community ▁website ▁would ▁shut ▁down ▁in ▁January . ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁the ▁app ▁was ▁renamed ▁to ▁" V ine ▁Camera ." ▁Although ▁the ▁app ▁still ▁enables ▁users ▁to ▁record ▁six - second ▁videos , ▁they ▁can ▁only ▁be ▁shared ▁on ▁Twitter ▁or ▁saved ▁on ▁a ▁camera ▁roll . ▁The ▁release ▁of ▁the ▁V ine ▁Camera ▁was ▁met ▁with ▁poor ▁reviews ▁on ▁both ▁the ▁Android ▁and ▁iOS ▁App ▁St ores . ▁On ▁January ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Twitter ▁launched ▁an ▁Internet ▁archive ▁of ▁all ▁V ine ▁videos , ▁allowing ▁people ▁to ▁continue ▁watching ▁previously ▁fil med ▁V ine ▁videos . ▁ ▁Fe atures ▁ ▁V ine ▁enabled ▁users ▁to ▁record ▁short ▁video ▁cli ps ▁up ▁to ▁around ▁six ▁ ▁seconds ▁long ▁while ▁recording ▁through ▁its ▁in - app ▁camera . ▁The ▁camera ▁would ▁record ▁only ▁while ▁the ▁screen ▁is ▁being ▁touched , ▁en abling ▁users ▁to ▁edit ▁on ▁the ▁fly ▁or ▁create ▁stop ▁motion ▁effects . ▁Add itional ▁features ▁were ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁app ▁in ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 3 ; ▁these ▁include ▁grid ▁and ▁g host ▁image ▁tools ▁for ▁the ▁camera , ▁cur ated ▁channels ▁( including ▁them ed ▁areas ▁and ▁tr ending ▁topics / users ), ▁the |
▁ability ▁to ▁" rev ine " ▁videos ▁on ▁a ▁personal ▁stream , ▁and ▁protected ▁posts . ▁ ▁Us es ▁ ▁V ine ▁attract ed ▁different ▁types ▁of ▁uses , ▁including ▁short - form ▁comedy ▁and ▁music ▁performances , ▁video ▁editing , ▁and ▁stop ▁motion ▁animation . ▁On ▁February ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁a ▁Turkish ▁journalist ▁used ▁V ine ▁to ▁document ▁the ▁after math ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁United ▁States ▁emb ass y ▁bomb ing ▁in ▁An k ara . ▁V ine ▁had ▁also ▁gained ▁ground ▁as ▁a ▁prom ot ional ▁tool ; ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁track ▁listing ▁of ▁D aft ▁Punk ' s ▁album ▁Random ▁Access ▁Mem ories ▁was ▁revealed ▁via ▁a ▁V ine ▁video , ▁and ▁on ▁September ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁D unk in ▁Don uts ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁company ▁to ▁use ▁a ▁single ▁V ine ▁as ▁an ▁entire ▁television ▁advert is ement . ▁A & W ▁R estaur ants ▁launched ▁its ▁M ini ▁Pol ar ▁Sw irls ▁on ▁V ine ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁with ▁the ▁claim ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁product ▁launch ▁on ▁V ine . ▁ ▁Music - orient ed ▁videos ▁also ▁shared ▁success ▁on ▁the ▁service ; ▁in ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁a ▁V ine ▁post ▁featuring ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁women ▁t wer king ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁song ▁" Don ' t ▁Drop ▁That |
▁Th un ▁Th un " ▁became ▁popular , ▁spawn ed ▁response ▁videos , ▁and ▁led ▁the ▁previously - ob sc ure ▁song ▁to ▁peak ▁at ▁number ▁ 3 5 ▁on ▁the ▁Billboard ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁chart . ▁In ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁ 2 2 ▁V ines ▁were ▁presented ▁in ▁an ▁exhib it ▁entitled ▁# SV A ES ▁( The ▁Short est ▁Video ▁Art ▁Ever ▁Sold ) ▁at ▁the ▁Mov ing ▁Image ▁art ▁fair ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City . ▁Cop ies ▁of ▁the ▁videos ▁were ▁available ▁to ▁purchase ▁on ▁thumb ▁drives ▁for ▁US $ 2 0 0 ▁each . ▁Ang ela ▁W ash ko ' s ▁" T its ▁on ▁T its ▁on ▁I ke a " ▁was ▁sold ▁to ▁Dutch ▁art ▁ad visor , ▁cur ator ▁and ▁collect or ▁My ri am ▁V ann esch i , ▁during ▁the ▁event , ▁mark ing ▁the ▁first - ever ▁sale ▁of ▁a ▁V ine ▁as ▁art . ▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁shooting ▁of ▁Michael ▁Brown ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁then - St ▁Louis ▁City ▁Ald erman ▁Antonio ▁French ▁used ▁V ine ▁as ▁a ▁way ▁to ▁document ▁the ▁protest s ▁in ▁Fer g us on ▁and ▁the ▁surrounding ▁area . ▁These ▁videos ▁were ▁among ▁the ▁earliest ▁accounts ▁of ▁the ▁ra cial ▁t ensions ▁in ▁Fer g us on , ▁and ▁helped ▁bring ▁national ▁attention ▁to ▁the ▁situation . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁A ▁BBC ▁review ▁described ▁collections ▁of ▁V ine ▁videos ▁as ▁" mes mer izing ", |
▁like ▁"[ watch ing ▁a ] ▁bew ilder ing ▁car ousel ▁of ▁six - second ▁s lices ▁of ▁ordinary ▁life ▁[ roll ] ▁past ." ▁ ▁An ▁article ▁by ▁The ▁New ▁York er ▁investig ated ▁the ▁impact ▁of ▁online ▁video ▁platforms ▁in ▁creating ▁a ▁new ▁generation ▁of ▁cele brit ies , ▁stating : ▁" A ▁V ine ' s ▁bl ink - quick ▁trans ience , ▁combined ▁with ▁its ▁end less ▁looping , ▁simultaneously ▁s que ez es ▁time ▁and ▁st ret ches ▁it ." ▁While ▁a ▁given ▁loop ' s ▁bre vity ▁seems ▁to ▁" s que e ze ▁time ", ▁repeated ▁view ings ▁allow ▁users ▁to ▁abs orb ▁rich ▁detail , ▁thereby ▁subject ively ▁" st retch ing ▁time ". ▁V ine ▁was ▁ha iled ▁for ▁being ▁a ▁space ▁that ▁allowed ▁for ▁black ▁cre atives ▁to ▁th rive , ▁allowing ▁them ▁to ▁show ▁off ▁their ▁tal ents ▁in ▁a ▁free ▁application ▁that ▁anyone ▁could ▁use ▁or ▁see . ▁In ▁a ▁similar ▁ve in ▁it ▁also ▁brought ▁attention ▁to ▁many ▁who ▁became ▁big ▁artists , ▁such ▁as ▁Sh awn ▁M endes ▁and ▁Ruth ▁B . ▁ ▁Many ▁other ▁br ands ▁used ▁the ▁free ▁service ▁as ▁a ▁platform ▁for ▁advert ising ▁their ▁products , ▁showing ▁off ▁exclusive ▁content ▁and ▁creating ▁cont ests ▁to ▁keep ▁consum ers ▁interested ▁in ▁the ▁brand . ▁Cad bury ▁UK ▁had ▁used ▁their ▁profile ▁to ▁show ▁off ▁new ▁con fection aries ▁that ▁were ▁in ▁the ▁making ▁and ▁created ▁a ▁contest ▁around ▁giving ▁out ▁samples ▁to ▁keep ▁people ▁coming ▁back |
▁to ▁the ▁ch oc olate ▁company , ▁Many ▁local ▁book st ores ▁and ▁big ▁brand ▁name ▁ones ▁used ▁the ▁site ▁to ▁show ▁off ▁new ▁books ▁that ▁may ▁be ▁in ▁store . ▁Other ▁companies ▁developed ▁a ▁more ▁personal ▁connection ▁with ▁consum ers ▁using ▁their ▁six - second ▁videos . ▁This ▁also ▁allowed ▁fans ▁of ▁different ▁br ands ▁to ▁show ▁off ▁their ▁loyal ty ▁to ▁the ▁brand ▁and ▁in ▁turn ▁advert ised ▁the ▁brand ▁from ▁a ▁different ▁perspective , ▁this ▁may ▁have ▁included ▁make up ▁videos ▁and ▁the ▁like . ▁ ▁So on ▁after ▁its ▁launch , ▁V ine ▁faced ▁criticism ▁for ▁how ▁it ▁handled ▁por n ography ; ▁while ▁por n ▁is ▁not ▁forb idden ▁by ▁Twitter ' s ▁gu idel ines , ▁one ▁sex ually ▁explicit ▁clip ▁was ▁accident ally ▁featured ▁as ▁an ▁" Editor ' s ▁Pick " ▁in ▁the ▁V ine ▁app ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁" human ▁error ". ▁Because ▁por n ographic ▁content ▁viol ates ▁Apple ' s ▁terms ▁of ▁service , ▁the ▁app ' s ▁rating ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁ 1 7 + ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁following ▁a ▁request ▁by ▁Apple . ▁V ine ▁was ▁listed ▁among ▁Times ▁' 5 0 ▁Best ▁Android ▁App s ▁for ▁ 2 0 1 3 '. ▁ ▁Compet itors ▁ ▁Inst agram ▁added ▁ 1 5 - second ▁video ▁sharing ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁Since ▁then , ▁the ▁video ▁functionality ▁expanded ▁with ▁additional ▁features : ▁w ides creen ▁videos , ▁ 6 0 - |
second ▁videos , ▁and ▁up ▁to ▁ 1 0 ▁minutes ▁of ▁video ▁in ▁a ▁multi - video ▁post . ▁As ▁with ▁V ine , ▁Inst agram ▁videos ▁loop ▁and ▁have ▁no ▁play back ▁controls ▁by ▁default . ▁S nap chat ▁added ▁ 1 0 - second ▁video ▁sharing ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁YouTube ▁launched ▁a ▁G IF ▁cre ator ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁This ▁tool ▁allows ▁up ▁to ▁six ▁seconds ▁of ▁any ▁supported ▁YouTube ▁video ▁to ▁be ▁converted ▁to ▁a ▁G IF . ▁Sign - ups ▁for ▁the ▁G IF ▁beta ▁are ▁now ▁dis cont in ued . ▁▁ ▁T ik T ok ▁is ▁an ▁app ▁( called ▁Dou y in ▁in ▁China ) ▁created ▁a ▁few ▁months ▁before ▁the ▁dis continu ation ▁of ▁V ine . ▁Its ▁current ▁edition ▁is ▁the ▁result ▁of ▁the ▁mer ger ▁of ▁the ▁original ▁T ik T ok ▁app ▁with ▁Musical . ly , ▁which ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁and ▁became ▁popular ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁T ik T ok ▁is ▁similar ▁to ▁V ine ▁in ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁simple ▁short ▁video ▁platform ▁with ▁the ▁added ▁option ▁of ▁Du et , ▁meaning ▁that ▁two ▁different ▁T ik T ok ▁cre ators ▁may ▁collabor ate ▁at ▁different ▁times ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁final ▁video ; ▁The ▁Ver ge ▁called ▁it ▁" the ▁closest ▁thing ▁we ' ll ▁get ▁to ▁having ▁V ine ▁back ". ▁T ik T ok ▁is ▁not ▁much ▁younger ▁than |
▁V ine , ▁as ▁its ▁prede cess or ▁Musical . ly ▁was ▁introduced ▁only ▁a ▁year ▁after ▁V ine ' s ▁in ception , ▁but ▁it ▁expl oded ▁in ▁popular ity ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 2 0 1 0 s , ▁the ▁years ▁after ▁the ▁V ine ▁app ▁was ▁shut ▁down . ▁ ▁Success or ▁▁ ▁Byte ▁( origin ally ▁dub bed ▁' V 2 ') ▁is ▁a ▁successor ▁to ▁V ine . ▁It ▁was ▁created ▁by ▁a ▁team ▁led ▁by ▁V ine ▁co - found er ▁Dom ▁Hof mann . ▁Videos ▁can ▁last ▁between ▁ 2 ▁and ▁ 6 . 5 ▁seconds ▁and ▁loop ▁continu ously . ▁The ▁launch ▁had ▁originally ▁been ▁planned ▁for ▁mid - 2 0 1 8 , ▁but ▁reports ▁showed ▁that ▁Hof mann ▁had ▁already ▁started ▁reaching ▁out ▁to ▁social ▁media ▁personal ities ▁in ▁hopes ▁to ▁secure ▁vir al ▁content ▁for ▁the ▁new ▁platform . ▁On ▁May ▁ 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁Hof mann ▁announced ▁on ▁the ▁V 2 ▁community ▁for ums ▁website ▁and ▁the ▁official ▁Twitter ▁account ▁that ▁the ▁project ▁had ▁been ▁post pon ed ▁in def initely . ▁On ▁November ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁Hof mann ▁announced ▁the ▁official ▁name ▁for ▁' V 2 ' ▁would ▁be ▁' Byte ', ▁and ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁set ▁for ▁release ▁in ▁the ▁spring ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁Byte ▁under w ent ▁a ▁closed ▁beta ▁period ▁with ▁community ▁members ▁from ▁a ▁Byte ▁dedicated ▁forum ▁who ▁were ▁invited ▁to |
▁test ▁the ▁app . ▁Byte ▁was ▁officially ▁launched ▁on ▁the ▁iOS ▁and ▁Android ▁stores ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 2 0 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Ke ek ▁Mag isto ▁Mix Bit ▁Tout ▁T ik T ok ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Internet ▁properties ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Category : Internet ▁properties ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁Category : Android ▁( oper ating ▁system ) ▁software ▁Category : IOS ▁software ▁Category : Tw itter ▁ac quis itions ▁Category : 2 0 1 2 ▁mer gers ▁and ▁ac quis itions ▁Category : Video ▁hosting ▁Category : Video ▁software ▁Category : Tw itter ▁services ▁and ▁applications ▁Category : 2 0 1 3 ▁software ▁Category : Univers al ▁Windows ▁Platform ▁apps ▁Category : X box ▁One ▁software ▁Category : Prop ri et ary ▁cross - platform ▁software ▁Category : Def unct ▁social ▁networking ▁services <0x0A> </s> ▁Th orn ville ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Perry ▁County , ▁Ohio , ▁United ▁States . ▁It ▁is ▁ 2 0 ▁miles ▁north ▁of ▁the ▁county ▁seat ▁of ▁New ▁Lex ington . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 9 9 1 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census . ▁ ▁History ▁Th orn ville ▁was ▁originally ▁called ▁Leb anon , ▁and ▁under ▁the ▁latter ▁name ▁was ▁laid ▁out ▁around ▁ 1 8 1 1 . ▁A ▁post ▁office ▁called ▁Th orn ville ▁has ▁been ▁in ▁operation ▁since ▁ 1 8 2 0 . ▁ ▁Th orn ville |
▁is ▁the ▁location ▁of ▁the ▁Lost ▁Land s ▁music ▁festival , ▁hosted ▁by ▁Ex c ision . ▁ ▁Geography ▁Th orn ville ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ ▁( 3 9 . 8 9 6 5 0 6 , ▁- 8 2 . 4 1 9 5 6 3 ). ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Census ▁Bureau , ▁the ▁village ▁has ▁a ▁total ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁all ▁land . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 9 9 1 ▁people , ▁ 4 1 7 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 2 7 7 ▁families ▁living ▁in ▁the ▁village . ▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁. ▁There ▁were ▁ 4 4 7 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁. ▁The ▁ra cial ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 9 8 . 8 % ▁White , ▁ 0 . 1 % ▁African ▁American , ▁ 0 . 1 % ▁Native ▁American , ▁ 0 . 1 % ▁Asian , ▁and ▁ 0 . 9 % ▁from ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁races . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 4 1 7 ▁households ▁of ▁which ▁ 3 4 . 3 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 4 8 . 9 % ▁were ▁married ▁cou ples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 1 1 . 5 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁ 6 . 0 % ▁had ▁a ▁male ▁house holder |
▁with ▁no ▁wife ▁present , ▁and ▁ 3 3 . 6 % ▁were ▁non - famil ies . ▁ 2 7 . 8 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 1 2 . 7 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 3 8 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 8 7 . ▁ ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 3 9 . 7 ▁years . ▁ 2 5 . 1 % ▁of ▁residents ▁were ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ; ▁ 8 . 1 % ▁were ▁between ▁the ▁ages ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 2 4 ; ▁ 2 4 . 2 % ▁were ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 ; ▁ 2 6 . 9 % ▁were ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 ; ▁and ▁ 1 6 % ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁gender ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 4 7 . 8 % ▁male ▁and ▁ 5 2 . 2 % ▁female . ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁census ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 7 3 1 ▁people , ▁ 2 8 2 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 2 1 2 ▁families ▁living ▁in ▁the ▁village . ▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁ 1 , 6 8 6 . 7 ▁people ▁per |
▁square ▁mile ▁( 6 5 6 . 4 / km ²). ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 9 8 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁ 6 8 7 . 6 ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 2 6 7 . 6 / km ²). ▁The ▁ra cial ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 9 8 . 9 1 % ▁White , ▁ 0 . 4 1 % ▁Native ▁American , ▁and ▁ 0 . 6 8 % ▁from ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁races . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 8 2 ▁households ▁out ▁of ▁which ▁ 3 5 . 1 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 6 6 . 0 % ▁were ▁married ▁cou ples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 6 . 4 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁and ▁ 2 4 . 5 % ▁were ▁non - famil ies . ▁ 2 2 . 0 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 1 0 . 3 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 5 9 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 3 . 0 3 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁village , ▁the ▁population ▁was ▁spread ▁out ▁with ▁ 2 6 . 0 % ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 6 . 3 % ▁from ▁ 1 8 ▁to ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 3 1 |
. 1 % ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 , ▁ 2 3 . 3 % ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 , ▁and ▁ 1 3 . 4 % ▁who ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁was ▁ 3 8 ▁years . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁there ▁were ▁ 9 8 . 6 ▁males . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁over , ▁there ▁were ▁ 9 6 . 7 ▁males . ▁ ▁The ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁household ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁$ 4 7 , 6 7 9 , ▁and ▁the ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁family ▁was ▁$ 5 1 , 6 4 1 . ▁M ales ▁had ▁a ▁median ▁income ▁of ▁$ 3 4 , 1 0 7 ▁versus ▁$ 3 0 , 6 9 4 ▁for ▁females . ▁The ▁per ▁cap ita ▁income ▁for ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁$ 1 8 , 9 2 2 . ▁About ▁ 1 . 8 % ▁of ▁families ▁and ▁ 4 . 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁were ▁below ▁the ▁pover ty ▁line , ▁including ▁ 4 . 0 % ▁of ▁those ▁under ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 6 . 8 % ▁of ▁those ▁age ▁ 6 5 ▁or ▁over . ▁ ▁Education ▁Northern ▁Local ▁School ▁District ▁oper ates ▁three ▁public ▁schools ▁in ▁or ▁near ▁the ▁village : ▁Th orn ville ▁Element ary ▁School , ▁Sher idan ▁Middle ▁School , ▁and ▁Sher |
idan ▁High ▁School . ▁Sher idan ▁middle ▁and ▁high ▁schools ▁are ▁within ▁Th orn ville ' s ▁zip ▁code ▁but ▁are ▁phys ically ▁located ▁about ▁six ▁miles ▁sout heast ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁along ▁State ▁Route ▁ 1 3 , ▁half way ▁between ▁Th orn ville ▁and ▁Som erset . ▁ ▁Th orn ville ▁has ▁a ▁public ▁library , ▁a ▁branch ▁of ▁the ▁Perry ▁County ▁District ▁Library . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Village ▁website ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Perry ▁County , ▁Ohio ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Ohio <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁State ▁Journal ▁is ▁a ▁broad sheet ▁newspaper ▁mainly ▁serving ▁Frank fort , ▁the ▁capital ▁of ▁Kentucky , ▁and ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁Franklin ▁County . ▁ ▁The ▁paper ▁is ▁a ▁desc endant ▁of ▁The ▁Kentucky ▁State ▁Journal , ▁which ▁originally ▁was ▁an ▁eight - page , ▁six - column ▁Democratic ▁morning ▁daily . ▁The ▁Kentucky ▁State ▁Journal ▁was ▁established ▁January ▁ 7 , ▁ 1 9 0 0 , ▁by ▁John ▁Mel o an , ▁its ▁first ▁editor ▁and ▁manager . ▁ ▁On ▁February ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁The ▁Kentucky ▁State ▁Journal ▁un ited ▁with ▁The ▁Frank fort ▁News ▁to ▁become ▁The ▁Frank fort ▁News - J ournal . ▁Short ly ▁there after , ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁the ▁paper ▁gained ▁its ▁current ▁name ▁under ▁editor ▁Graham ▁V re eland . ▁ ▁The ▁paper ▁now ▁prints ▁Monday ▁through ▁Friday ▁with ▁a ▁week end ▁edition . |
▁It ▁was ▁published ▁by ▁Frank fort ▁Publishing , ▁L . L . C ., ▁a ▁subs idi ary ▁of ▁D ix ▁Communic ations ▁of ▁Wo oster , ▁Ohio , ▁for ▁ 5 3 ▁years ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁At ▁that ▁time , ▁it ▁was ▁sold ▁to ▁Frank fort ▁New sm edia , ▁an ▁affili ate ▁of ▁Bo one ▁New sp apers . ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁daily ▁circul ation ▁of ▁ 7 , 7 2 9 ▁and ▁a ▁Sunday ▁circul ation ▁of ▁ 1 0 , 2 2 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁editor ▁is ▁Ch anda ▁V eno , ▁who ' s ▁held ▁the ▁position ▁since ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁She ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁female ▁editor ▁in ▁the ▁paper ' s ▁length y ▁history . ▁ ▁Carl ▁West , ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Kentucky ▁Journal ism ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame , ▁was ▁the ▁long time ▁editor ▁of ▁the ▁newspaper . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁J ill son , ▁Will ard ▁R ouse . ▁" The ▁New sp apers ▁and ▁Period ical s ▁of ▁Frank fort , ▁Kentucky ▁ 1 7 9 5 – 1 9 4 5 ." ▁Pub lished ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁Kentucky ▁State ▁Historical ▁Society , ▁Frank fort , ▁Kentucky . ▁Print . ▁ ▁Whe at ley , ▁Kevin . ▁" Long time ▁editor ▁of ▁The ▁State ▁Journal ▁ret iring ", ▁December ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁State ▁Journal ▁article ▁repub lished ▁on ▁Kentucky ▁Press ▁Association ▁website ▁on ▁December ▁ 3 |
. ▁http :// www . ky press online . com / blog /? p = 2 8 1 0 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : New sp apers ▁published ▁in ▁Kentucky ▁Category : Fran k fort , ▁Kentucky <0x0A> </s> ▁L est izza ▁( , ▁locally ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁comune ▁( m unicip ality ) ▁in ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁U d ine ▁in ▁the ▁Italian ▁region ▁Fri uli - V enez ia ▁Giul ia , ▁located ▁about ▁ ▁north west ▁of ▁Tri este ▁and ▁about ▁ ▁south west ▁of ▁U d ine . ▁ ▁L est izza ▁borders ▁the ▁following ▁municipal ities : ▁Bas il iano , ▁Bert i olo , ▁C od ro ipo , ▁Mor te g li ano , ▁Poz zu olo ▁del ▁Fri uli , ▁Tal mass ons . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁website ▁▁ ▁Category : C ities ▁and ▁towns ▁in ▁Fri uli - V enez ia ▁Giul ia <0x0A> </s> ▁V ood oo ▁Sho ppe ▁is ▁the ▁t enth ▁release ▁and ▁the ▁sevent h ▁studio ▁release ▁of ▁Cow boy ▁M outh . ▁ ▁Cow boy ▁M outh ▁has ▁associated ▁themselves ▁quite ▁strongly ▁with ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁New ▁Orleans ▁and ▁the ▁music ▁scene ▁in ▁that ▁city . ▁V ood oo ▁Sho ppe ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁album ▁produced ▁by ▁the ▁band ▁after ▁H urr icane ▁K atr ina , ▁and ▁generated ▁a ▁fair ▁bit ▁of ▁interest ▁in ▁the ▁album ▁because ▁of ▁this . ▁Two ▁songs , ▁Home ▁and ▁The ▁Avenue ▁address ▁the ▁di as por a |
▁after ▁H urr icane ▁K atr ina , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁p led ging ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁New ▁Orleans ▁to ▁re build . ▁Port ions ▁of ▁the ▁proceed s ▁were ▁don ated ▁to ▁Ren ew ▁Our ▁Music ▁( former ly ▁the ▁New ▁Orleans ▁Music ian ' s ▁Rel ief ▁Fund ). ▁John ▁Thomas ▁Griff ith ▁s its ▁upon ▁their ▁board . ▁ ▁They ▁performed ▁Home ▁and ▁V ood oo ▁Sho ppe ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁Star z ' ▁New ▁Orleans ▁Music ▁in ▁Ex ile ▁document ary . ▁During ▁an ▁interview ▁for ▁that ▁show , ▁Fred ▁Le Bl anc ▁admitted ▁to ▁not ▁being ▁able ▁to ▁move ▁home , ▁saying , ▁" I ▁live ▁in ▁the ▁tour ▁bus . ▁We ▁all ▁live ▁in ▁the ▁tour ▁bus ." ▁ ▁The ▁song ▁" This ▁Much ▁Fun " ▁was ▁featured ▁in ▁the ▁tra iler ▁for ▁Me et ▁the ▁Rob ins ons ▁( 2 0 0 7 ), ▁but ▁not ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁actual ▁movie ▁or ▁on ▁the ▁sound track ▁album . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁Joe ▁Str um mer ▁( F red ▁Le Bl anc , ▁John ▁Thomas ▁Griff ith , ▁Paul ▁San chez , ▁Mary ▁Las ange , ▁Mitch ▁Allen ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 5 ▁M ist y ▁F alls ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 2 6 ▁W inds ▁Me ▁Up ▁( Le Bl anc , ▁Griff ith , ▁San chez , ▁Las ange ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 3 ▁H ole ▁In ▁My ▁Heart |
▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 5 7 ▁V ood oo ▁Sho ppe ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 5 4 ▁S low ▁Down ▁( Le Bl anc , ▁Griff ith , ▁San chez , ▁Las ange ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 6 ▁This ▁Much ▁Fun ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez ) ▁- ▁ 2 : 4 5 ▁Sup erson ic ▁( S onia ▁T et low , ▁Griff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez ) ▁- ▁ 2 : 3 5 ▁I ▁T old ▁Ya ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez , ▁Las ange ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 1 7 ▁Home ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez , ▁T et low ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 1 2 ▁Glad ▁To ▁Be ▁A live ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez , ▁T et low , ▁Russ - T ▁C obb ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 4 ▁The ▁Avenue ▁( Gr iff ith , ▁Le Bl anc , ▁San chez , ▁T et low ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 5 5 ▁ ▁Singles ▁▁▁ ▁" The ▁Avenue " ▁ ▁" J oe ▁Str um mer " ▁ ▁Person nel ▁▁ ▁Fred ▁Le Bl anc ▁- ▁drums , ▁lead ▁vocals ▁ ▁John ▁Thomas ▁Griff ith ▁- ▁guitar , ▁vocals |
▁ ▁Son ia ▁T et low ▁- ▁bass ▁guitar ▁ ▁Paul ▁San chez ▁- ▁guitar ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 6 ▁albums ▁Category : C ow boy ▁M outh ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Michael ▁" M ike " ▁Rose ▁( born ▁April ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 8 7 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁professional ▁basketball ▁player ▁for ▁the ▁Kno x ▁Ra iders ▁of ▁the ▁N BL 1 . ▁He ▁returns ▁to ▁the ▁Ra iders ▁for ▁a ▁second ▁year , ▁where ▁he ▁won ▁the ▁Big ▁V ▁M VP ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁making ▁the ▁State ▁Championship . ▁Rose ▁attended ▁Eastern ▁Kentucky ▁University , ▁where ▁he ▁played ▁college ▁basketball , ▁starting ▁in ▁over ▁ 1 0 0 ▁games , ▁before ▁going ▁on ▁to ▁play ▁profession ally ▁in ▁Europe , ▁Australia ▁and ▁Canada . ▁ ▁High ▁school ▁career ▁Rose ▁attended ▁Neu qua ▁Valley ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁N aper ville , ▁Illinois ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁r ated ▁the ▁ 3 0 th - best ▁prospect ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Illinois ▁by ▁Chicago H o ops . com . ▁As ▁a ▁senior ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 – 0 5 , ▁he ▁aver aged ▁ 1 9 . 2 ▁points , ▁ 7 . 5 ▁reb ounds , ▁ 1 . 8 ▁ass ists ▁and ▁three ▁ste als ▁per ▁game ▁as ▁he ▁led ▁Neu qua ▁Valley ▁to ▁a ▁ 2 4 - 4 ▁record . ▁He ▁subsequently ▁earned ▁Up state ▁E ight ▁All - Con ference ▁team ▁and ▁Illinois |
▁Basketball ▁Co aches ▁Association ▁third ▁team ▁all - state ▁acc ol ades . ▁ ▁College ▁career ▁As ▁a ▁fresh man ▁at ▁Eastern ▁Kentucky ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 – 0 6 , ▁Rose ▁played ▁in ▁all ▁ 3 0 ▁games ▁with ▁ 1 6 ▁starts ▁and ▁was ▁twice ▁named ▁O VC ▁F resh man ▁of ▁the ▁Week ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁He ▁subsequently ▁led ▁all ▁E K U ▁fresh men ▁in ▁points ▁( 6 . 2 ▁p pg ), ▁minutes ▁( 2 0 . 4 ▁m pg ), ▁ste als ▁( 2 5 ) ▁and ▁reb ounds ▁( 2 . 7 ▁r pg ). ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁s oph om ore ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 – 0 7 , ▁Rose ▁started ▁all ▁ 3 3 ▁games ▁as ▁he ▁earned ▁the ▁O VC ▁Tournament ▁M VP ▁and ▁second - team ▁All - O VC ▁hon ors . ▁He ▁led ▁the ▁team ▁and ▁ranked ▁sixth ▁in ▁the ▁conference ▁in ▁scoring ▁at ▁ 1 5 . 1 ▁points ▁per ▁game , ▁while ▁also ▁ranking ▁third ▁in ▁the ▁conference ▁in ▁three - point ▁shooting ▁at ▁ 3 9 . 8 ▁percent . ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁junior ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 – 0 8 , ▁Rose ▁started ▁all ▁ 3 0 ▁games ▁as ▁he ▁led ▁the ▁team ▁and ▁ranked ▁fifth ▁in ▁the ▁conference ▁in ▁scoring ▁at ▁ 1 5 . 3 ▁points ▁per ▁game . ▁He ▁also ▁ranked ▁fifth ▁in ▁the ▁conference ▁in ▁free ▁throw ▁shooting ▁( 8 1 |
. 5 ▁percent ) ▁and ▁fourth ▁in ▁ste als ▁( 1 . 8 ▁sp g ), ▁subsequently ▁ear ning ▁first - team ▁All - O VC ▁hon ors . ▁He ▁became ▁the ▁ 2 8 th ▁Colonel ▁to ▁reach ▁the ▁ 1 , 0 0 0 - point ▁plate au ▁when ▁he ▁scored ▁a ▁team - high ▁ 2 1 ▁points ▁against ▁Tennessee ▁Te ch ▁on ▁February ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁senior ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 – 0 9 , ▁Rose ▁earned ▁first - team ▁All - O VC ▁hon ors ▁for ▁the ▁second ▁straight ▁year ▁after ▁aver aging ▁ 2 0 . 0 ▁points , ▁ 5 . 3 ▁reb ounds , ▁ 2 . 5 ▁ass ists ▁and ▁ 1 . 7 ▁ste als ▁in ▁ 3 1 ▁games ▁( all ▁starts ). ▁He ▁also ▁earned ▁first - team ▁N ABC ▁Division ▁I ▁All - D istrict ▁ 1 9 ▁hon ors ▁along ▁with ▁L ester ▁Hudson , ▁Dra ke ▁Re ed , ▁Kenneth ▁Far ied ▁and ▁Wes ▁Ch annels . ▁ ▁Professional ▁career ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 – 1 0 ▁season ▁Rose ▁went ▁und raft ed ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁NBA ▁draft . ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁he ▁signed ▁with ▁O y ak ▁Ren ault ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 – 1 0 ▁T BL ▁season . ▁However , ▁he ▁was ▁released ▁by ▁the ▁club ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 |
0 9 ▁after ▁appearing ▁in ▁just ▁one ▁game . ▁ ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Rose ▁signed ▁with ▁the ▁Melbourne ▁Tig ers ▁for ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 – 1 0 ▁N BL ▁season . ▁In ▁ 8 ▁games ▁with ▁the ▁Tig ers , ▁he ▁aver aged ▁ 6 . 9 ▁points , ▁ 2 . 5 ▁reb ounds ▁and ▁ 1 . 0 ▁ste als ▁per ▁game . ▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁Tig ers ' ▁final ▁game ▁of ▁the ▁season ▁on ▁February ▁ 1 3 , ▁Rose ▁moved ▁to ▁New ▁Zealand ▁where ▁he ▁signed ▁a ▁short - term ▁deal ▁with ▁the ▁South land ▁Sh arks ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 . ▁He ▁left ▁the ▁team ▁in ▁April ▁following ▁the ▁return ▁of ▁captain ▁Luke ▁Martin ▁despite ▁stating ▁his ▁claim ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁best ▁players ▁in ▁the ▁league . ▁In ▁ 7 ▁games ▁for ▁the ▁Sh arks , ▁he ▁aver aged ▁ 2 2 . 6 ▁points , ▁ 6 . 6 ▁reb ounds , ▁ 2 . 1 ▁ass ists ▁and ▁ 2 . 6 ▁ste als ▁per ▁game . ▁▁ 2 0 1 0 – 1 1 ▁season ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Rose ▁signed ▁with ▁Gent ▁Haw ks ▁of ▁the ▁Belg ian ▁second ▁division ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 – 1 1 ▁season . ▁In ▁ 2 9 ▁games , ▁he ▁aver aged ▁ 8 . 5 ▁points ▁and ▁ 1 . 9 ▁reb ounds ▁per |
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