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▁highlight s ▁The ▁w ard ▁forms ▁a ▁city ▁municipal ▁corpor ation ▁council ▁elect oral ▁constitu ency ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁B hab an ip ur ▁( V id han ▁Sab ha ▁constitu ency ). ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M unicip al ▁w ards ▁of ▁Kol k ata <0x0A> </s> ▁__ NOT OC __ ▁G mina ▁Mi ą cz yn ▁is ▁a ▁rural ▁gmina ▁( admin istr ative ▁district ) ▁in ▁Z amo ść ▁County , ▁Lub lin ▁Vo iv odes hip , ▁in ▁eastern ▁Poland . ▁Its ▁seat ▁is ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Mi ą cz yn , ▁which ▁lies ▁approximately ▁ ▁east ▁of ▁Z amo ść ▁and ▁ ▁south - east ▁of ▁the ▁regional ▁capital ▁Lub lin . ▁ ▁The ▁gmina ▁covers ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁and ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁its ▁total ▁population ▁is ▁ 6 , 2 8 1 ▁( 6 , 0 8 2 ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 ). ▁ ▁The ▁gmina ▁contains ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁protected ▁area ▁called ▁Sk ier b iesz ów ▁Land s cape ▁Park . ▁ ▁Vill ages ▁G mina ▁Mi ą cz yn ▁contains ▁the ▁villages ▁and ▁settlement s ▁of ▁Cz art oria , ▁Frank am ion ka , ▁G des z yn , ▁G des z yn - K ol onia , ▁H ory sz ów , ▁H ory sz ów - K ol onia , ▁Kon i uch y , ▁Kon i uch y - K ol onia , ▁Kot lice , ▁Kot |
lice - K ol onia , ▁Mi ą cz yn , ▁Mi ą cz yn - K ol onia , ▁Mi ą cz yn - St acja , ▁Min istr ów ka , ▁N iew irk ów , ▁N iew irk ów - K ol onia , ▁Pod d ą brow a , ▁Pod k ot lice , ▁Ś wid nik i , ▁Z aw al ów , ▁Z aw al ów - K ol onia ▁and ▁Ż uk ów . ▁ ▁Ne igh bour ing ▁gmin as ▁G mina ▁Mi ą cz yn ▁is ▁border ed ▁by ▁the ▁gmin as ▁of ▁Grab owie c , ▁Kom ar ów - Os ada , ▁Sit no , ▁Tr zes z cz any , ▁T ysz ow ce ▁and ▁Wer b kow ice . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Polish ▁official ▁population ▁figures ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁ ▁M ia cz yn ▁Category : Z amo ść ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Pr imo ▁Or p illa ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁interior ▁designer . ▁He ▁has ▁established ▁his ▁business ▁in ▁San ▁Francisco ▁with ▁the ▁aim ▁to ▁providing ▁techn ological ▁companies ▁with ▁offices ▁that ▁would ▁be ▁a ▁translation ▁of ▁" techn ology ▁mind set " ▁into ▁design . ▁According ▁to ▁Pr imo ▁Or p illa ▁the ▁new ▁technology ▁company ▁working ▁space ▁is ▁organ ised ▁to ▁ ▁“ share ▁the ▁light ▁and ▁fl atten ▁the ▁organization " ▁in ▁the ▁attempt ▁to ▁encou rage ▁collaboration ▁within ▁the ▁company . ▁ ▁Career ▁Pr imo ▁Or p illa ▁is ▁the ▁interior ▁designer ▁of ▁the |
▁offices ▁of ▁large ▁technology ▁companies ▁in ▁Sil icon ▁Valley ▁including ▁Facebook , ▁Microsoft , ▁A OL , ▁S amsung , ▁U ber , ▁Y el p , ▁and ▁Gi ant ▁P ixel . ▁Other ▁companies ▁including ▁A lib aba ▁Group , ▁T ATA , ▁Le vi ▁Stra uss , ▁E vern ote ▁and ▁Cambridge ▁Associ ates ▁have ▁also ▁used ▁his ▁services . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁he ▁extended ▁his ▁activities ▁to ▁fin ance ▁and ▁contract ing ▁fir ms ▁looking ▁for ▁improvement ▁of ▁their ▁work ▁amen ities . ▁ ▁Awards ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁interior ▁design ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Ex eter ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁F ill more ▁County , ▁Neb r aska , ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 5 9 1 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 0 , ▁Dr . ▁Hor ace ▁Gree ley ▁Smith ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁file d ▁a ▁hom est ead ▁claim ▁at ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁present - day ▁Ex eter . ▁ ▁In ▁an ▁earlier ▁sc out ing ▁trip , ▁Smith ▁had ▁determined ▁that ▁the ▁site ▁would ▁lie ▁near ▁the ▁line ▁of ▁the ▁Bur ling ton ▁and ▁Missouri ▁River ▁Rail road ▁as ▁it ▁extended ▁itself ▁west ward . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 1 , ▁the ▁Bur ling ton ▁and ▁Missouri ▁was ▁completed ▁through ▁F ill more ▁County . |
▁ ▁To ▁promote ▁settlement ▁along ▁its ▁line , ▁the ▁rail road ▁established ▁towns ▁at ▁intervals . ▁ ▁Town s ▁were ▁named ▁alphabet ically ▁as ▁the ▁rail road ▁ran ▁west ward ▁from ▁Lincoln , ▁Neb r aska . ▁ ▁In ▁eastern ▁F ill more ▁County , ▁a ▁town ▁was ▁established ▁on ▁land ▁don ated ▁by ▁Smith ▁and ▁by ▁James ▁Dol an . ▁ ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁families ▁that ▁had ▁settled ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁had ▁come ▁from ▁Ex eter , ▁New ▁Ham pshire , ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁proposed ▁that ▁the ▁town ▁be ▁given ▁that ▁name . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁adopted , ▁as ▁being ▁in ▁keeping ▁with ▁the ▁alphabet ical ▁sequence : ▁Cre te , ▁Dor chester , ▁Ex eter , ▁Fair mont , ▁G raft on , ▁Harvard , ▁In land , ▁Juni ata , ▁Ken es aw , ▁and ▁Low ell . ▁ ▁The ▁rail road ▁advert ised ▁the ▁avail ability ▁of ▁free ▁government ▁land ▁in ▁Neb r aska , ▁bringing ▁sett lers ▁from ▁the ▁eastern ▁United ▁States , ▁and ▁Czech , ▁German , ▁English , ▁Irish , ▁and ▁Sc and in av ian ▁imm igr ants . ▁ ▁The ▁town ' s ▁growth ▁was ▁initially ▁slow , ▁but ▁hast ened ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 8 7 0 s . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 8 , ▁two ▁large ▁gra in ▁elev ators ▁were ▁built ▁and ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁business es ▁opened ; ▁the ▁town ' s ▁first ▁newspaper , ▁the ▁Enter prise , ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁that ▁year . ▁ ▁In |
▁ 1 8 7 9 , ▁the ▁town ▁was ▁incorpor ated ; ▁by ▁that ▁time , ▁it ▁had ▁six teen ▁business es . ▁ ▁Geography ▁Ex eter ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ ▁( 4 0 . 6 4 4 6 8 4 , ▁- 9 7 . 4 4 9 2 2 9 ). ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Census ▁Bureau , ▁the ▁village ▁has ▁a ▁total ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁all ▁of ▁it ▁land . ▁ ▁Education ▁Ex eter ▁and ▁the ▁neighbor ing ▁village ▁of ▁Mill igan ▁form ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Ex eter - Mill igan ▁School ▁District . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 5 9 1 ▁people , ▁ 2 3 6 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 1 5 1 ▁families ▁res iding ▁in ▁the ▁village . ▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁. ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 8 3 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁. ▁The ▁ra cial ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 9 8 . 6 % ▁White , ▁ 0 . 3 % ▁Native ▁American , ▁ 0 . 7 % ▁from ▁other ▁races , ▁and ▁ 0 . 3 % ▁from ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁races . ▁His pan ic ▁or ▁Lat ino ▁of ▁any ▁race ▁were ▁ 3 . 6 % ▁of ▁the ▁population . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 3 6 ▁households ▁of ▁which ▁ 3 1 . 8 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ |
1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 5 3 . 4 % ▁were ▁married ▁cou ples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 8 . 5 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁ 2 . 1 % ▁had ▁a ▁male ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁wife ▁present , ▁and ▁ 3 6 . 0 % ▁were ▁non - famil ies . ▁ 3 0 . 9 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 1 6 . 9 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 3 8 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 3 . 0 0 . ▁ ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 4 4 . 7 ▁years . ▁ 2 5 % ▁of ▁residents ▁were ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ; ▁ 6 . 2 % ▁were ▁between ▁the ▁ages ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 2 4 ; ▁ 1 9 . 5 % ▁were ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 ; ▁ 2 9 % ▁were ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 ; ▁and ▁ 2 0 . 5 % ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁gender ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 4 8 . 1 % ▁male ▁and ▁ 5 1 . 9 % ▁female . ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁census ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 |
0 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 7 1 2 ▁people , ▁ 2 7 6 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 1 7 1 ▁families ▁res iding ▁in ▁the ▁village . ▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁ 1 , 1 1 9 . 0 ▁people ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 4 2 9 . 5 / km 2 ). ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 9 7 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁ 4 6 6 . 8 ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 1 7 9 . 2 / km 2 ). ▁The ▁ra cial ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁ 9 8 . 1 7 % ▁White , ▁ 0 . 2 8 % ▁Native ▁American , ▁ 0 . 1 4 % ▁Asian , ▁and ▁ 1 . 4 0 % ▁from ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁races . ▁His pan ic ▁or ▁Lat ino ▁of ▁any ▁race ▁were ▁ 0 . 5 6 % ▁of ▁the ▁population . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 7 6 ▁households ▁out ▁of ▁which ▁ 2 8 . 6 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 5 4 . 3 % ▁were ▁married ▁cou ples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 4 . 7 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁and ▁ 3 7 . 7 % ▁were ▁non - famil ies . ▁ 3 4 . 1 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 1 8 . 5 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was |
▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 4 2 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 3 . 1 5 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁village , ▁the ▁population ▁was ▁spread ▁out ▁with ▁ 2 7 . 0 % ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 3 . 8 % ▁from ▁ 1 8 ▁to ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 6 . 3 % ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 , ▁ 2 0 . 4 % ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 , ▁and ▁ 2 2 . 6 % ▁who ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁was ▁ 4 0 ▁years . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females , ▁there ▁were ▁ 9 6 . 1 ▁males . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁over , ▁there ▁were ▁ 8 7 . 1 ▁males . ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁the ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁household ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁$ 3 4 , 2 8 6 , ▁and ▁the ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁family ▁was ▁$ 4 5 , 2 3 4 . ▁M ales ▁had ▁a ▁median ▁income ▁of ▁$ 3 0 , 5 4 7 ▁versus ▁$ 1 7 , 0 1 9 ▁for ▁females . ▁The ▁per ▁cap ita ▁income ▁for ▁the ▁village ▁was ▁$ 1 6 , 4 3 8 . ▁About ▁ |
4 . 3 % ▁of ▁families ▁and ▁ 9 . 1 % ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁were ▁below ▁the ▁pover ty ▁line , ▁including ▁ 1 3 . 7 % ▁of ▁those ▁under ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 1 5 . 1 % ▁of ▁those ▁age ▁ 6 5 ▁or ▁over . ▁ ▁Park s ▁and ▁recre ation ▁ ▁Ex eter ' s ▁city ▁park , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Gilbert ' s ▁Park , ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ 1 1 0 ▁E . ▁Map le wood ▁Street . ▁The ▁Aqu atic ▁Center , ▁built ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁is ▁also ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁park . ▁ ▁The ▁park ▁has ▁play ground ▁equipment , ▁a ▁ball ▁field , ▁vol ley ball ▁court , ▁horses ho e ▁p its , ▁and ▁pic nic ▁facilities . ▁ ▁Ex eter ▁also ▁has ▁four ▁neighborhood ▁mini ▁par ks ▁located ▁throughout ▁the ▁city ▁with ▁tennis ▁and ▁basketball ▁courts ▁at ▁Ed gar ▁Rec re ation ▁Center ▁in ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁community . ▁ ▁Ann ual ▁events ▁include ▁the ▁E aster ▁E gg ▁h unt ▁in ▁the ▁spring , ▁the ▁Fire men ' s ▁BB Q ▁and ▁Street ▁Dance ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁and ▁hol iday ▁activities ▁in ▁November ▁and ▁December . ▁ ▁Summer ▁recre ation ▁ab ounds ▁with ▁league ▁play ▁in ▁soft ball ▁and ▁baseball ▁for ▁many ▁age ▁groups . ▁ ▁Youth ▁can ▁also ▁particip ate ▁in ▁ 4 - H , ▁Boy ▁and ▁Girl ▁Sc outs , ▁church ▁schools , ▁day ▁cam ps , ▁and ▁summer |
▁reading ▁programs . ▁ ▁Religion ▁ ▁Ex eter ▁has ▁three ▁churches : ▁the ▁United ▁Method ist ▁Church , ▁the ▁United ▁Church ▁of ▁Christ , ▁and ▁St . ▁Stephen ' s ▁Catholic ▁Church . ▁ ▁Notable ▁people ▁▁ ▁Richard ▁A . ▁D ier , ▁United ▁States ▁federal ▁judge ▁ ▁The odore ▁C . ▁D iers , ▁Wy oming ▁state ▁representative ▁and ▁sen ator ▁ ▁Jeff ▁Z elen y , ▁Pul itzer ▁Prize - win ning ▁journalist , ▁CNN ▁correspond ent ▁▁ ▁K yle ▁J ensen , ▁ 3 - time ▁state ▁champion , ▁Neb r aska ▁class ▁D - 2 ▁high ▁school ▁football ▁player ▁of ▁the ▁year . ▁Play ed ▁college ▁football ▁at ▁Do ane ▁University . ▁Donald ▁Tra ug er , ▁N uc lear ▁scient ist , ▁Work ed ▁on ▁Manh attan ▁Project , ▁Form er ▁director ▁of ▁Oak ▁R idge ▁National ▁Labor atory , ▁Author ▁of ▁Hor se ▁Power ▁to ▁N uc lear ▁Power ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Village ▁of ▁Ex eter ▁website ▁ ▁Village ▁of ▁Ex eter ▁blog ▁ ▁Ex eter - Mill igan ▁Public ▁School ▁ ▁Ex eter - Mill igan ▁High ▁School ▁at ▁Great Sch ools . org ▁ ▁http :// www . ned ed . org / files / res earch / st ath and / b sect 5 b . htm ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁F ill more ▁County , ▁Neb r aska ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Neb r aska <0x0A> </s> ▁Gordon ▁Rich ards ▁( 2 3 ▁October ▁ |
1 9 3 3 ▁– ▁ 1 7 ▁November ▁ 1 9 9 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Wel sh ▁footballer . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁Rich ards ▁joined ▁W re x ham ▁as ▁an ▁amateur ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁and ▁turned ▁professional ▁two ▁years ▁later . ▁He ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁play ▁almost ▁ 1 0 0 ▁league ▁matches ▁in ▁the ▁next ▁six ▁years ▁with ▁W re x ham , ▁but ▁by ▁January ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁he ▁was ▁allowed ▁to ▁move ▁to ▁local ▁riv als ▁Ch ester ▁after ▁losing ▁his ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁side . ▁ ▁O ften ▁a ▁tor ment er ▁of ▁Ch ester ' s ▁defence ▁when ▁playing ▁against ▁them , ▁Rich ards ▁helped ▁rep ay ▁his ▁new ▁employ ers ▁by ▁scoring ▁on ▁his ▁debut ▁in ▁a ▁ 4 – 2 ▁win ▁against ▁South port . ▁He ▁played ▁at ▁Se aland ▁Road ▁until ▁a ▁kne e ▁injury ▁forced ▁him ▁to ▁leave ▁professional ▁football ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 , ▁going ▁on ▁to ▁briefly ▁play ▁for ▁G K N ▁San key . ▁ ▁A way ▁from ▁football , ▁Rich ards ▁worked ▁for ▁United ▁Gra vel ▁and ▁then ▁Bond ▁D elivery ▁until ▁he ▁took ▁early ▁ret irement ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 3 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Rh os ll an er ch rug og ▁Category : English ▁Football ▁League ▁players ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁w ingers |
▁Category : Wel sh ▁football ers ▁Category : W re x ham ▁A . F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Ch ester ▁City ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : G K N ▁San key ▁F . C . ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁La ▁Ré volution ▁française ▁is ▁a ▁two - part ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁film , ▁co - produ ced ▁by ▁France , ▁Germany , ▁Italy , ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁and ▁Canada ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 th ▁anni versary ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁Revolution . ▁The ▁first ▁part , ▁titled ▁La ▁Ré volution ▁française : ▁les ▁Ann ées ▁lum ière ▁( The ▁French ▁Revolution : ▁Years ▁of ▁Hope ) ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Robert ▁En rico . ▁The ▁second ▁part , ▁La ▁Ré volution ▁française : ▁les ▁Ann ées ▁ter rib les ▁( The ▁French ▁Revolution : ▁Years ▁of ▁R age ), ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁T . ▁He ff ron . ▁The ▁full ▁movie ▁runs ▁at ▁ 3 6 0 ▁minutes , ▁but ▁the ▁edited - for - tele vision ▁version ▁is ▁slightly ▁longer . ▁ ▁The ▁film ▁pur ports ▁to ▁tell ▁a ▁faithful ▁and ▁neutral ▁story ▁of ▁the ▁Revolution , ▁from ▁the ▁calling ▁of ▁the ▁Est ates - General ▁to ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Maxim il ien ▁de ▁Rob esp ierre . ▁The ▁film ▁had ▁a ▁large ▁budget ▁( 3 0 0 ▁million ▁fran cs ) ▁and ▁bo asted ▁an ▁international ▁cast . ▁It ▁was ▁shot ▁in ▁French , ▁German , ▁and ▁English . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Re ception |
▁ ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁generally ▁considered ▁histor ically ▁accurate . ▁Among ▁the ▁few ▁depart ures ▁from ▁the ▁historical ▁facts , ▁the ▁execution er ▁Charles - Hen ri ▁S anson ▁was ▁shown ▁executing ▁both ▁Louis ▁XVI ▁and ▁Marie - An to in ette . ▁The ▁elder ▁S anson ▁actually ▁executed ▁only ▁Louis ▁XVI ; ▁it ▁was ▁his ▁son ▁who ▁executed ▁Marie - An to in ette . ▁ ▁Some ▁critics ▁pointed , ▁however , ▁that ▁the ▁film ▁suffered ▁from ▁its ▁neutral ity , ▁which ▁resulted ▁in ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁point ▁of ▁view ▁and ▁in ▁some ▁in co her ence . ▁The ▁first ▁part , ▁which ▁de alt ▁with ▁a ▁complex ▁historical ▁subject , ▁was ▁also ▁critic ized ▁for ▁its ▁dis joint ed ▁p acing . ▁The ▁second ▁part ▁was ▁considered ▁more ▁g ri pping ▁and ▁dram atic . ▁Jean - Fran çois ▁Bal mer ▁received ▁great ▁pra ise ▁for ▁his ▁port ray al ▁of ▁a ▁rather ▁sympath etic ▁Louis ▁XVI , ▁and ▁And r zej ▁Se wer yn ▁was ▁considered ▁very ▁convin cing ▁as ▁Rob esp ierre . ▁ ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁not ▁a ▁box ▁office ▁success ▁in ▁France . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁longest ▁films ▁by ▁running ▁time ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁La ▁Ré volution ▁française ▁at ▁the ▁Internet ▁Movie ▁Database ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 9 ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁films ▁Category : F rench - language ▁films ▁Category : English - language ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁Revolution ▁films ▁Category : Bi ographical ▁films ▁about ▁Georges |
▁D anton ▁Category : Bi ographical ▁films ▁about ▁Maxim il ien ▁Rob esp ierre ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁T . ▁He ff ron ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Robert ▁En rico ▁Category : Pol it ical ▁thr iller ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 8 0 s ▁thr iller ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁Georges ▁Del er ue ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Louis ▁XVI ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Marie ▁Anto in ette ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Georges ▁D anton ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Maxim il ien ▁Rob esp ierre ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Johann ▁Wolfgang ▁von ▁Go ethe ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Jean - Paul ▁Mar at ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Charlotte ▁Cord ay ▁Category : C ult ural ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁Mar quis ▁de ▁La f ay ette ▁Category : Fil ms ▁released ▁in ▁separate ▁parts ▁Category : English - language ▁French ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁G har w ali ▁Bah ar w ali ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Indian ▁comedy ▁drama ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁David ▁D h aw an ▁and ▁produced ▁by ▁T ut u ▁Sh arma . ▁It ▁stars ▁An il ▁Kap oor , ▁R ave ena ▁T andon ▁and ▁R amb ha ▁in ▁p iv otal ▁roles . ▁ ▁The ▁film ▁is ▁a ▁re make ▁of ▁the |
▁T amil ▁film ▁Th a ik ul ame ▁Th a ik ul ame ▁( 1 9 9 5 ), ▁st arring ▁P and iar aj an ▁which ▁was ▁re made ▁in ▁Tel ug u ▁as ▁Int lo ▁Ill alu ▁V ant int lo ▁Pri y ural u ▁( 1 9 9 6 ), ▁with ▁V enk ates h ▁and ▁in ▁K ann ada ▁as ▁Na anu ▁N anna ▁Hend th ir u ▁( 1 9 9 9 ) ▁with ▁Rav ich and ran . ▁ ▁Plot ▁Ar un ▁( An il ▁Kap oor ) ▁is ▁married ▁to ▁Ka aj al ▁( R ave ena ▁T andon ) ▁and ▁they ▁have ▁been ▁trying ▁to ▁conce ive ▁a ▁child ▁for ▁some ▁time . ▁After ▁going ▁for ▁some ▁tests , ▁the ▁doctor ▁( As ran i ) ▁inform s ▁them ▁that ▁they ▁cannot , ▁and ▁this ▁is ▁due ▁to ▁short com ings ▁from ▁Ar un . ▁However , ▁the ▁doctor ▁then ▁secret ly ▁conf esses ▁to ▁Ar un ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁in ▁fact ▁Ka aj al ▁who ▁cannot ▁conce ive , ▁to ▁spare ▁her ▁from ▁the ▁shame ▁that ▁would ▁have ▁followed ▁in ▁Indian ▁society . ▁ ▁Ar un ' s ▁father , ▁H iral al ▁( K ader ▁Khan ) ▁disco vers ▁this ▁and ▁tries ▁to ▁force ▁Ar un ▁to ▁marry ▁again ▁as ▁he ▁wants ▁a ▁grand child ▁- ▁however , ▁Ar un ▁ref uses ▁to ▁marry ▁anyone ▁except ▁for ▁K aja al . ▁ ▁Meanwhile ▁all ▁the ▁com ical ▁things ▁happen , ▁H iral al |
▁forces ▁the ▁doctor ▁to ▁try ▁all ▁medical ▁experiments ▁to ▁make ▁Ka aj al ▁pot ent ent . ▁After ▁all ▁the ▁experiment ation , ▁Ka aj al ▁is ▁asked ▁to ▁take ▁a ▁medicine ▁& ▁when ▁un know ingly ▁she ▁makes ▁Ar un ▁to ▁take ▁the ▁medicine ▁& ▁then ▁he ▁starts ▁pu king ▁& ▁there ▁ar ises ▁all ▁the ▁com ical ▁situations . ▁ ▁One ▁day , ▁J um bo ▁( S at ish ▁K aus h ik ) ▁and ▁Ar un ▁go ▁to ▁Nep al , ▁were ▁J um bo ▁comes ▁across ▁a ▁girl , ▁Man ish a ▁( R amb ha ), ▁who ▁is ▁about ▁to ▁be ▁public ly ▁dis g rac ed . ▁He ▁arr anges ▁the ▁girl ' s ▁freedom ▁by ▁stating ▁that ▁Ar un ▁will ▁marry ▁the ▁girl ▁- ▁without ▁confer ring ▁with ▁Ar un . ▁Ar un ▁att ends ▁the ▁wed ding ▁ceremony , ▁un be known st ▁to ▁him ▁that ▁he ▁is ▁in ▁fact ▁the ▁gro om ▁and ▁the ▁ceremony ▁is ▁being ▁performed ▁around ▁him , ▁ow ed ▁essentially ▁to ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁they ▁were ▁speaking ▁a ▁different ▁language ▁and ▁the ▁ceremony ▁was ▁different ▁from ▁that ▁in ▁India . ▁▁ ▁Short ly ▁after ▁the ▁ceremony , ▁he ▁disco vers ▁that ▁he ▁is ▁now ▁married ▁to ▁Man ish a , ▁and ▁had ▁been ▁trick ed ▁into ▁doing ▁so ▁by ▁J um bo . ▁Ar un ▁returns ▁to ▁India , ▁where ▁he ▁remains ▁in ▁contact ▁with ▁Man ish a , ▁who ▁lear ns ▁to ▁speak ▁fl uent ▁H indi ▁from |
▁their ▁mut ual ▁friend ▁G op al ▁( T iku ▁T als ania ), ▁whom ▁they ▁met ▁in ▁Nep al . ▁H iral al ▁now ▁des per ately ▁wants ▁a ▁grand child ▁to ▁light en ▁up ▁his ▁life , ▁so ▁he ▁requests ▁the ▁couple ▁to ▁adopt ▁a ▁child . ▁However , ▁by ▁this ▁time ▁- ▁Ar un ▁now ▁has ▁a ▁child ▁with ▁Man ish a ▁in ▁Nep al ▁and ▁proceed s ▁to ▁adopt ▁the ▁child ▁with ▁K aja al ▁- ▁named ▁R ink u ▁- ▁and ▁" emp loy " ▁Man ish a ▁in ▁their ▁house ▁as ▁a ▁ma id ▁to ▁allow ▁Man ish a ▁to ▁be ▁near ▁her ▁son ▁- ▁all ▁unknown ▁to ▁K aja al . ▁ ▁H iral al ▁disco vers ▁that ▁Man ish a ▁is ▁in ▁fact ▁Ar un ' s ▁wife ▁and ▁R ink u ▁is ▁their ▁blood - child ▁and ▁begins ▁to ▁secret ly ▁d ote ▁upon ▁Man ish a , ▁while ▁K aja al ▁critic izes ▁the ▁relationship ▁that ▁the ▁" emp loy er ▁and ▁servant " ▁shared . ▁One ▁evening , ▁after ▁H iral al ▁and ▁Man ish a ▁return ▁from ▁the ▁cinema , ▁K aja al ▁confront s ▁her ▁father - in - law ▁as ▁to ▁why ▁he ▁is ▁favor ing ▁the ▁house - ma id ▁over ▁his ▁own ▁daughter - in - law ; ▁out ▁of ▁anger , ▁K aja al ▁attempts ▁to ▁throw ▁Man ish a ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁house . ▁Ar un ▁interven es ▁and ▁then ▁decl ares ▁that ▁Man ish |
a ▁has ▁just ▁as ▁much ▁as ▁right ▁to ▁this ▁house ▁as ▁she ▁does , ▁and ▁even ▁more ▁right ▁to ▁be ▁with ▁R ink u ▁than ▁K aja al ▁- ▁as ▁his ▁wife ▁and ▁R ink u ' s ▁bi ological ▁mother . ▁ ▁The ▁story ▁con cludes ▁with ▁everyone ▁accepting ▁the ▁situation ▁of ▁pol yg yn y ▁and ▁living ▁together . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁An il ▁Kap oor ▁as ▁Ar un ▁H . ▁Ver ma ▁ ▁R ave ena ▁T andon ▁as ▁Ka aj al ▁A . ▁Ver ma ▁ ▁R amb ha ▁as ▁Man ish a ▁A . ▁Ver ma ▁ ▁Sat ish ▁K aus h ik ▁as ▁J um bo ▁ ▁K ader ▁Khan ▁as ▁H iral al ▁Ver ma ▁ ▁T iku ▁T als ania ▁as ▁Ram ▁G op al ▁ ▁As ran i ▁as ▁Doctor ▁V ed ▁ ▁R akes h ▁Bed i ▁as ▁Ch op ra ▁ ▁Ben ny ▁Pr ad han ▁ ▁A . ▁K . ▁R ana ▁ ▁Master ▁Shah ru kh ▁ ▁D ina ▁Path ak ▁as ▁D adi ▁Ma a ▁ ▁Mad h uri ▁D ix it ▁as ▁Special ▁App earance ▁ ▁Sound track ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 s ▁H indi - language ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁films ▁Category : Ind ian ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁David ▁D h aw an ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁Nep al ▁Category : H indi ▁rem akes ▁of ▁T amil ▁films ▁Category |
: Fil ms ▁shot ▁in ▁Nep al ▁Category : Pol yg amy ▁in ▁fiction ▁Category : Com edy ▁of ▁rem ar riage ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁An u ▁Mal ik <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Campeonato ▁Ba iano ▁de ▁Fut ebol ▁was ▁the ▁ 1 0 9 th ▁season ▁of ▁Bah ia ' s ▁top ▁professional ▁football ▁league . ▁The ▁competition ▁began ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 0 ▁and ▁ended ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 9 . ▁Vit ória ▁won ▁the ▁championship ▁by ▁the ▁ 2 7 th ▁time , ▁while ▁Fl umin ense ▁de ▁Fe ira ▁and ▁Atl ético ▁Al ago in has ▁were ▁re leg ated . ▁ ▁Format ▁The ▁championship ▁has ▁three ▁stages . ▁On ▁the ▁first ▁stage , ▁all ▁teams ▁except ▁those ▁who ▁are ▁playing ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Copa ▁do ▁Nord este ▁play ▁a ▁single ▁round - ro bin . ▁The ▁best ▁five ▁teams ▁qual ifies ▁to ▁the ▁second ▁stage . ▁Also , ▁the ▁best ▁team ▁in ▁this ▁stage ▁qual ifies ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Copa ▁do ▁Nord este , ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁best ▁qual ifies ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Copa ▁do ▁Brasil . ▁The ▁two ▁worst ▁teams ▁in ▁this ▁stage ▁are ▁re leg ated . ▁ ▁On ▁the ▁second ▁stage , ▁the ▁teams ▁are ▁joined ▁by ▁the ▁clubs ▁from ▁Bah ia ▁who ▁were ▁playing ▁in ▁Copa ▁do ▁Nord este . ▁The ▁teams ▁are ▁put ▁in ▁two ▁groups . ▁The ▁clubs ▁from ▁each ▁group ▁faces |
▁all ▁clubs ▁in ▁the ▁other ▁group . ▁The ▁two ▁best ▁teams ▁in ▁each ▁group ▁qual ify ▁to ▁the ▁Final ▁stage . ▁In ▁the ▁final ▁stage , ▁it ' s ▁a ▁play off ▁with ▁four ▁teams . ▁ ▁The ▁best ▁team ▁who ▁is ▁not ▁in ▁Campeonato ▁Brasile iro ▁S érie ▁A , ▁S érie ▁B ▁or ▁S érie ▁C ▁qual ifies ▁to ▁S érie ▁D . ▁The ▁champion ▁also ▁qual ifies ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Copa ▁do ▁Brasil . ▁ ▁Part icip ating ▁teams ▁ ▁First ▁stage ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Second ▁stage ▁Teams ▁from ▁each ▁group ▁face ▁the ▁teams ▁in ▁the ▁other ▁group ▁twice . ▁ ▁Group ▁ 1 ▁ ▁Group ▁ 2 ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Final ▁stage ▁ ▁Sem if inals ▁ ▁First ▁leg ▁ ▁Second ▁leg ▁ ▁Third - place ▁play - off ▁ ▁Final s ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Ba iano ▁Category : Cam pe onato ▁Ba iano <0x0A> </s> ▁Statistics ▁of ▁Ú r val s de ild ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁season . ▁ ▁Over view ▁It ▁was ▁cont ested ▁by ▁ 6 ▁teams , ▁and ▁Val ur ▁won ▁the ▁championship . ▁Val ur ' s ▁Hermann ▁G unn ar sson ▁was ▁the ▁top ▁sc orer ▁with ▁ 1 2 ▁goals . ▁ ▁League ▁stand ings ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Ú r val s de ild ▁seasons ▁I cel and ▁I cel and ▁Ur val s de ild <0x0A> </s> ▁F org ot ten ▁Kingdom ▁is ▁folk ▁singer - song writer ▁Jim ▁C aus |
ley ' s ▁fifth ▁studio ▁album ▁ex cluding ▁his ▁work ▁with ▁The ▁Dev il ' s ▁Inter val ▁and ▁M aw kin : C aus ley . ▁ ▁F org ot ten ▁Kingdom ▁is ▁C aus ley ' s ▁first ▁album ▁of ▁entirely ▁self - written ▁material ▁although ▁does ▁include ▁references ▁to ▁traditional ▁song ▁throughout . ▁It ▁was ▁intended ▁to ▁celebr ate ▁ten ▁years ▁since ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁C aus ley ' s ▁debut ▁album ▁F ruits ▁of ▁the ▁Earth ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁but ▁the ▁release ▁was ▁delayed ▁due ▁to ▁poor ▁health ▁on ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁original ▁producer ▁Phil ▁Be er . ▁Production ▁of ▁the ▁album ▁was ▁then ▁completed ▁by ▁Show ▁of ▁H ands ▁regular ▁producer ▁Mark ▁T ucker ▁at ▁The ▁Green ▁Room ▁stud ios ▁in ▁East ▁Dev on . ▁ ▁F org ot ten ▁Kingdom ▁is ▁C aus ley ' s ▁most ▁am bit ious ▁solo ▁recording ▁project ▁to ▁date ▁and ▁has ▁the ▁largest ▁line - up ▁of ▁guest ▁mus icians ▁of ▁any ▁of ▁his ▁albums . ▁This ▁guests ▁include ▁many ▁well ▁known ▁names ▁from ▁the ▁British ▁folk ▁scene ▁who ▁happen ▁to ▁be ▁based ▁in ▁Dev on ▁such ▁as ▁S eth ▁Lak eman ▁and ▁Show ▁of ▁H ands ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁some ▁local ▁stal w arts ▁of ▁the ▁more ▁traditional ▁folk ▁music ▁scene ▁in ▁the ▁county . ▁The ▁theme ▁of ▁the ▁album ▁cent res ▁on ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁Dev on ▁and ▁its ▁neighbour ing ▁count ies ▁but ▁also ▁looks ▁at ▁C aus ley ' s ▁own ▁personal ▁connection ▁to |
▁the ▁county ▁and ▁his ▁experience ▁of ▁growing - up ▁within ▁it . ▁ ▁The ▁" f org ot ten ▁kingdom " ▁all ud ed ▁to ▁in ▁the ▁title ▁is ▁the ▁C elt ic ▁Bry th onic ▁kingdom ▁of ▁D umn onia ▁which ▁C aus ley ▁previously ▁referenced ▁in ▁his ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁album ; ▁D umn onia ▁which ▁was ▁a ▁collection ▁of ▁traditional ▁songs ▁from ▁Dev on . ▁Not ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁on ▁F org ot ten ▁Kingdom ▁have ▁a ▁traditional ▁folk ▁feel ▁to ▁them ▁and ▁several ▁hint ▁at ▁C aus ley ' s ▁song writing ▁having ▁more ▁modern ▁and ▁exp ans ive ▁influ ences . ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁received ▁highly ▁positive ▁reviews ▁from ▁The ▁Guardian , ▁BBC ▁Music ▁Magazine ▁and ▁f Ro ots ▁magazine ▁among ▁others , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁air play ▁on ▁radio ▁shows ▁such ▁the ▁Mark ▁Rad cl iffe ▁Fol k ▁Show ▁on ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 2 ▁and ▁the ▁Tom ▁Robinson ▁show ▁on ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 6 ▁Music . ▁In ▁the ▁f Ro ots ▁review , ▁Col in ▁Ir win ▁confirmed ▁his ▁previously ▁stated ▁opinion ▁that ▁C aus ley ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁fin est ▁folk ▁sing ers ▁of ▁his ▁generation . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁All ▁songs ▁by ▁Jim ▁C aus ley . ▁▁ ▁" G ab bro ▁Bowl ▁/ ▁The ▁Pen ins ula ▁P ray er " ▁– ▁ 4 : 5 3 ▁ ▁" Back ▁in ▁the ▁Day " ▁– ▁ 4 : 2 0 ▁ ▁" B anks ▁of ▁the ▁T ale " ▁– |
▁ 4 . 0 4 ▁ ▁" The ▁Road ▁to ▁Com b eb ow " ▁– ▁ 3 : 2 4 ▁ ▁" R ew ind " ▁– ▁ 4 : 2 3 ▁ ▁" Home " ▁– ▁ 4 : 0 7 ▁ ▁" This ▁Week end " ▁– ▁ 4 : 3 1 ▁ ▁" P ride ▁of ▁the ▁Mo or " ▁– ▁ 3 : 4 8 ▁ ▁" Sum mer ' s ▁End " ▁– ▁ 5 : 2 8 ▁ ▁" The ▁Man ▁You ▁Know " ▁– ▁ 2 : 5 3 ▁ ▁" Re ign ing ▁Men " ▁– ▁ 5 : 1 8 ▁ ▁" Good night ▁Ball ad " ▁– ▁ 6 : 3 3 ▁ ▁" Il log an ▁Highway " ▁– ▁ 7 : 0 1 ▁ ▁" The ▁Past oria " ▁– ▁ 5 : 4 9 ▁ ▁" Se a ▁S ick " ▁– ▁ 2 : 4 8 ▁ ▁Person nel ▁▁ ▁Jim ▁C aus ley ▁– ▁accord ion , ▁piano , ▁vocals ▁ ▁James ▁D umb el ton ▁– ▁ac oust ic ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁ ▁Beck i ▁D ris coll ▁– ▁fiddle , ▁vi ola , ▁vocals ▁ ▁Nick ▁Wy ke ▁– ▁fiddle , ▁oct ave - vi olin , ▁vocals ▁ ▁Phil ▁Be er ▁– ▁fiddle , ▁guitar , ▁la ud , ▁vocals ▁ ▁Steve ▁Knight ley ▁– ▁mand ola , ▁vocals ▁ ▁Phill ip ▁Henry ▁– ▁do bro , ▁ch atur ang i ▁▁ ▁Hann ah |
▁Martin ▁– ▁fiddle ▁ ▁Mir anda ▁Sy kes ▁– ▁double ▁bass ▁ ▁R ex ▁Pr eston ▁– ▁mand olin ▁ ▁Kath ry n ▁Roberts ▁– ▁piano , ▁organ , ▁vocals ▁ ▁S eth ▁Lak eman ▁– ▁bou z ou ki ▁ ▁K aty ▁March ant ▁– ▁sh aw m , ▁fl age o let , ▁English ▁bag pip es ▁ ▁Steve ▁Ty ler ▁– ▁hur dy - g ur dy ▁▁ ▁Matt ▁Norman ▁– ▁mand olin , ▁fiddle , ▁ban jo , ▁bass ▁ban jo ▁ ▁Mark ▁B aze ley ▁– ▁mel ode on ▁ ▁Re ese ▁W ess on ▁– ▁c aj un ▁mel ode on ▁ ▁L uk as ▁Dr ink water , ▁guitar , ▁double ▁bass , ▁vocals ▁ ▁Jack ie ▁O ates ▁– ▁fiddle ▁ ▁Chris ▁Hob an ▁– ▁vocals ▁N ine bar row ▁ ▁Jon ▁Wh itle y ▁– ▁vocals ▁ ▁Jay ▁La B ouch ard iere ▁– ▁vocals ▁ ▁The ▁Cla que ▁ ▁David ▁Low ry ▁– ▁vocals ▁ ▁Bill ▁C raw ford ▁– ▁vocals ▁ ▁Tom ▁Add ison ▁– ▁vocals ▁ ▁Barry ▁L ister ▁– ▁vocals ▁ ▁Production ▁▁ ▁Executive ▁Produ cer ▁– ▁Jim ▁C aus ley ▁ ▁Produ cer ▁– ▁Mark ▁T ucker ▁ ▁Rec ording ▁Engine ers ▁– ▁Mark ▁T ucker , ▁Phil ▁Be er ▁and ▁Se an ▁Lak eman ▁ ▁Audio ▁Mix ing ▁– ▁Mark ▁T ucker ▁ ▁Audio ▁Master ing ▁– ▁Mark ▁T ucker ▁ ▁Rec ording ▁locations ▁– ▁L ions ▁Rest ▁Indust rial ▁Est ate , ▁Ex min ster , ▁Dev |
on ; ▁The ▁Green ▁Room ▁Studios , ▁Up ot tery , ▁Dev on ▁and ▁Cred it on ▁Cong reg ational ▁Church ▁( The ▁Past oria ) ▁▁ ▁Phot ography ▁– ▁David ▁Angel ▁ ▁Pack aging ▁& ▁In lay ▁design ▁– ▁Brad ▁W aters ▁ ▁Cost ume ▁– ▁Hil ary ▁G illes pie ▁▁ ▁Phot ography ▁locations ▁– ▁D umn on ii ▁Chron icles ▁Village ▁and ▁Ex eter ▁C athedral ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : J im ▁C aus ley ▁albums ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁B lass ing ame ▁is ▁a ▁surname . ▁Notable ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁surname ▁include : ▁▁ ▁Jer el ▁B lass ing ame ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 1 ) ▁American ▁professional ▁basketball ▁player ▁ ▁John ▁Wes ley ▁B lass ing ame ▁( 1 9 4 0 – 2 0 0 0 ), ▁American ▁historian ▁and ▁writer ▁ ▁L ur ton ▁B lass ing ame ▁( 1 9 0 4 – 1 9 8 8 ), ▁American ▁literary ▁agent ▁ ▁William ▁B lass ing ame ▁( born ▁ 1 8 3 6 ), ▁American ▁politician ▁▁ ▁Wy att ▁Ra ine y ▁B lass ing ame ▁( 1 9 0 9 – 1 9 8 5 ), ▁American ▁author <0x0A> </s> ▁Sal to ▁Mort ale ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 3 1 ▁French - G erman ▁drama ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁E wald ▁André ▁Dup ont ▁ ▁and ▁st arring ▁G ina ▁Man ès , ▁Daniel ▁M end aille ▁and ▁Lé on ▁Roger - Max ime |
. ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁French - language ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁production ▁Sal to ▁Mort ale . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁G ina ▁Man ès ▁ ▁as ▁Marina ▁▁ ▁Daniel ▁M end aille ▁ ▁as ▁Jim ▁▁ ▁Lé on ▁Roger - Max ime ▁ ▁as ▁Rob by ▁▁ ▁Alfred ▁Mach ard ▁as ▁L ' agent ▁de ▁public ité ▁▁ ▁François ▁V igu ier ▁as ▁Gr im by ▁▁ ▁Marie - An to in ette ▁B uz et ▁ ▁as ▁Une ▁art iste ▁▁ ▁Mich é le ▁▁ ▁André ▁Saint - G erm ain ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁ ▁Hans - Michael ▁B ock ▁and ▁Tim ▁Berg fel der . ▁The ▁Conc ise ▁Cin eg raph : ▁An ▁Encyclopedia ▁of ▁German ▁Cinema . ▁Berg h ahn ▁Books , ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁ ▁Cris p , ▁Col in . ▁Gen re , ▁M yth ▁and ▁Convention ▁in ▁the ▁French ▁Cinema , ▁ 1 9 2 9 - 1 9 3 9 . ▁Indiana ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 1 ▁films ▁Category : G erman ▁films ▁Category : G erman ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 3 1 ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : F rench - language ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁E wald ▁André ▁Dup ont ▁ ▁Category : F rench ▁mult iling ual ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Circ us ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁black - and |
- white ▁films ▁Category : G erman ▁black - and - white ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 3 0 s ▁mult iling ual ▁films ▁Category : G erman ▁mult iling ual ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Ela ea ▁or ▁Ela ia ▁( ), ▁also ▁Ele a ▁( Ἐ λ έ α ), ▁was ▁a ▁town ▁of ▁Th es pro t ia ▁in ▁ancient ▁Ep irus ▁toward ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁A cher on ▁river . ▁The ▁town ▁is ▁mentioned ▁by ▁P to le my . ▁Th u cy d ides ▁calls ▁the ▁surrounding ▁district ▁Ela e atis ▁( Ἐ λ α ι α τ ι ς ) ▁and ▁indicates ▁that ▁E phy ra ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁territory ▁of ▁Ela ea . ▁Its ▁port ▁was ▁Ela ias ▁Lim en , ▁literally ▁the ▁" B ay ▁of ▁Ela ea ", ▁which ▁the ▁Per i plus ▁of ▁Pse udo - S cy lax ▁as ser ts ▁was ▁the ▁main ▁port ▁of ▁Th es pro t ia . ▁ ▁Co ins ▁as cribed ▁to ▁the ▁town , ▁with ▁the ▁ins cription ▁" Ε Λ Ε Α Τ Α Ν " ▁or ▁" Ε Λ Ε Α Ι ", ▁have ▁been ▁found ▁that ▁have ▁been ▁dated ▁. ▁▁ ▁The ▁town ' s ▁site ▁is ▁identified ▁as ▁near ▁Kh rys av gi , ▁where ▁arch ae ological ▁expl oration ▁has ▁taken ▁place . ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Smith , ▁William ▁( editor ); ▁Dictionary ▁of ▁Greek ▁and ▁Roman ▁Geography , ▁" A cher on ", ▁London , ▁( 1 8 |
5 4 ) ▁ ▁Richard ▁Tal bert , ▁Bar r ington ▁Atlas ▁of ▁the ▁Greek ▁and ▁Roman ▁World , ▁( ), ▁p . 5 4 ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁cities ▁in ▁ancient ▁Ep irus ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁ancient ▁Ep irus ▁Category : Form er ▁populated ▁places ▁in ▁Greece ▁Category : Arch ae ological ▁sites ▁in ▁Greece ▁Category : T our ist ▁attra ctions ▁in ▁Greece <0x0A> </s> ▁{{ DIS P LAY T IT LE : N Z R ▁NA ▁class }} ▁ ▁The ▁N Z R ▁NA ▁class ▁was ▁a ▁class ▁of ▁two ▁steam ▁locomot ives ▁that ▁operated ▁on ▁the ▁priv ately - owned ▁Well ington ▁and ▁Man aw atu ▁Railway ▁( W MR ) ▁and ▁then ▁the ▁public ly ▁owned ▁New ▁Zealand ▁Rail ways ▁( N Z R ). ▁Order ed ▁by ▁the ▁W MR ▁to ▁operate ▁on ▁its ▁line ▁up ▁the ▁west ▁coast ▁of ▁the ▁North ▁Island ▁north ▁of ▁Well ington , ▁the ▁first ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 4 ▁by ▁the ▁Bald win ▁Lo comot ive ▁Works ▁and ▁entered ▁service ▁that ▁year ▁as ▁W MR ▁No . ▁ 1 4 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 6 , ▁a ▁second ▁locomot ive ▁that ▁was ▁slightly ▁more ▁powerful ▁was ▁ordered ▁from ▁Bald win , ▁and ▁it ▁entered ▁service ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 8 9 7 . ▁The ▁engines ▁were ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁two ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁N ▁class ▁ordered ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 1 , ▁except ▁they ▁were ▁heav ier ▁and |
▁more ▁powerful . ▁They ▁were ▁V auc lain ▁comp ound ▁locomot ives . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 8 , ▁the ▁W MR ▁was ▁incorpor ated ▁into ▁the ▁national ▁network ▁and ▁the ▁government ' s ▁Rail ways ▁Department ▁rec lass ified ▁the ▁engines ▁as ▁the ▁sole ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁NA ▁class : ▁No . ▁ 1 4 ▁became ▁NA ▁ 4 5 9 ▁and ▁No . ▁ 1 5 ▁became ▁NA ▁ 4 6 0 . ▁ ▁They ▁operated ▁for ▁roughly ▁another ▁two ▁dec ades ; ▁NA ▁ 4 5 9 ▁spent ▁its ▁final ▁days ▁working ▁in ▁Frank ton ▁near ▁Hamilton ▁and ▁was ▁with dra wn ▁from ▁service ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 9 , ▁while ▁NA ▁ 4 6 0 ' s ▁last ▁dep ot ▁was ▁Cross ▁Creek ▁at ▁the ▁W air ar apa ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁R im ut aka ▁In cl ine ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁with dra wn ▁in ▁July ▁ 1 9 2 9 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁New ▁Zealand ▁steam ▁locomot ives ▁— ▁NA ▁class ▁Draw ing ▁of ▁an ▁NA ▁class ▁locomot ive ▁by ▁D erek ▁Brown ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Na ▁class ▁Category : 2 - 6 - 2 ▁locomot ives ▁Category : B ald win ▁locomot ives ▁Category : V auc lain ▁comp ound ▁locomot ives ▁Category : Sc ra pped ▁locomot ives ▁Category : R ail way ▁locomot ives ▁introduced ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 4 ▁Category : 3 ▁ft ▁ 6 ▁in ▁gauge ▁locomot ives ▁of ▁New ▁Zealand <0x0A> </s> |
▁Dr ill ia ▁py ram id ata ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁sea ▁sn ail , ▁a ▁marine ▁g ast rop od ▁m oll usk ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Dr illi idae . ▁ ▁Description ▁The ▁shell ▁is ▁cer ith i iform , ▁strongly ▁cord ed ▁on ▁the ▁peri ph ery , ▁smooth ▁above ▁it , ▁except ▁a ▁narrow ▁gran ulated ▁s ut ural ▁band , ▁below ▁with ▁ob lique ▁slight , ▁rib s ▁and ▁revol ving ▁st ria e . ▁The ▁color ▁of ▁the ▁shell ▁is ▁ch oc olate , ▁the ▁peri pher al ▁and ▁s ut ural ▁nodes ▁wh it ish . ▁The ▁interior ▁of ▁the ▁a pert ure ▁is ▁ch oc olate , ▁with ▁a ▁white ▁band . ▁The ▁length ▁of ▁the ▁shell ▁is ▁ 2 5 mm . ▁ ▁Distribution ▁This ▁species ▁occurs ▁in ▁the ▁dem ers al ▁zone ▁of ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean ▁off ▁West ▁Africa ▁( S en eg al , ▁Ang ola ) ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Bernard , ▁P . A . ▁( Ed .) ▁( 1 9 8 4 ). ▁Co qu ill ages ▁du ▁Gab on ▁[ Sh ells ▁of ▁Gab on ]. ▁Pierre ▁A . ▁Bernard : ▁Lib re ville , ▁Gab on . ▁ 1 4 0 , ▁ 7 5 ▁pl ates ▁pp . ▁ ▁G of as , ▁S .; ▁Af onso , ▁J . P .; ▁Brand à o , ▁M . ▁( Ed .). ▁( S . a .). ▁Con chas ▁e ▁Mol us cos ▁de ▁Ang ola ▁= ▁Co |
qu ill ages ▁et ▁M oll us ques ▁d ' Ang ola . ▁[ Sh ells ▁and ▁m oll us cs ▁of ▁Ang ola ]. ▁Univers idade ▁Ag ost inho ▁/ ▁El f ▁Aqu itaine ▁Ang ola : ▁Ang ola . ▁ 1 4 0 ▁pp ▁ ▁T ucker , ▁J . K . ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁Catalog ▁of ▁recent ▁and ▁foss il ▁t urr ids ▁( M oll us ca : ▁Gast rop oda ). ▁Z oot ax a ▁ 6 8 2 : 1 - 1 2 9 5 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁M N H N , ▁Paris : ▁Dr ill ia ▁py ram id ata ▁ ▁py ram id ata ▁Category : G ast rop ods ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 0 <0x0A> </s> ▁Tra zo ▁is ▁a ▁municipality ▁of ▁north western ▁Spain ▁in ▁the ▁province ▁of ▁A ▁Cor u ña , ▁in ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁community ▁of ▁Gal icia . ▁Is ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁com arca ▁de ▁Or des . ▁▁ ▁The ▁Tam bre ▁River ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁serving ▁as ▁a ▁boundary ▁with ▁the ▁Santiago ▁de ▁Com post ela ▁municipality . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Tra zo ▁Council ▁ ▁Category : M unicip al ities ▁in ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁A ▁Cor u ña <0x0A> </s> ▁Serge i ▁G enn ady ev ich ▁Roman ov ▁( ; ▁born ▁ 1 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁Russian ▁football ▁player . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 3 ▁birth s |
▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Russ ian ▁football ers ▁Category : FC ▁Moscow ▁players ▁Category : FC ▁She ks na ▁Ch ere p ov ets ▁players ▁Category : Russ ian ▁Premier ▁League ▁players ▁ ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁def enders <0x0A> </s> ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ' Sh ul am it ▁is ▁a ▁Jewish ▁char ity ▁organization ▁located ▁in ▁Israel . ▁F ounded ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁its ▁mission ▁is ▁to ▁feed ▁poor ▁and ▁hun gry ▁families ▁in ▁Israel , ▁with ▁a ▁special ▁focus ▁on ▁providing ▁daily ▁hot ▁me als ▁for ▁children . ▁It ▁dist ributes ▁thousands ▁of ▁food ▁b ask ets ▁each ▁week ▁to ▁poor ▁Isra eli ▁families , ▁provides ▁daily ▁hot ▁l unch es ▁for ▁children , ▁runs ▁annual ▁cl othing ▁and ▁school ▁supply ▁drives , ▁and ▁oper ates ▁a ▁job ▁des k ▁for ▁un emp loy ed ▁adult s . ▁The ▁mot to ▁of ▁the ▁organization ▁is ▁" Bre aking ▁the ▁Cy cle ▁of ▁P over ty , ▁One ▁Child ▁at ▁a ▁Time ". ▁ ▁History ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ' Sh ul am it ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁by ▁A ry eh ▁L ur ie , ▁a ▁native ▁Isra eli ▁who ▁grew ▁up ▁in ▁pover ty . ▁The ▁organization ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁L ur ie ' s ▁parents . ▁ ▁Project s ▁ ▁Food ▁b ask ets ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ' Sh ul am it ▁dist ributes ▁ 3 , 0 0 0 ▁food ▁b |
ask ets ▁to ▁families ▁in ▁Israel ▁each ▁week . ▁Food ▁b ask ets ▁contain ▁basic ▁necess ities , ▁such ▁as ▁bread , ▁can ned ▁goods , ▁and ▁ch icken ▁for ▁Sh abb at . ▁Near ly ▁ 1 5 , 0 0 0 ▁food ▁b ask ets ▁are ▁distributed ▁to ▁many ▁more ▁families ▁for ▁the ▁Ros h ▁Hash an ah ▁and ▁Pass over ▁hol id ays . ▁The ▁organization ▁re lies ▁on ▁volunte ers ▁to ▁assemble ▁the ▁food ▁b ask ets ▁at ▁its ▁central ▁w are house . ▁ ▁Children ' s ▁Cent ers ▁H undred s ▁of ▁children ▁in ▁different ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁country ▁attend ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ' Sh ul am it ' s ▁Children ' s ▁Cent ers , ▁where ▁they ▁receive ▁a ▁hot ▁me al ▁daily . ▁Many ▁children ▁that ▁come ▁to ▁the ▁center ▁are ▁from ▁families ▁in ▁which ▁one ▁or ▁both ▁parents ▁are ▁sick ▁and ▁unable ▁to ▁work , ▁or ▁they ▁are ▁or ph ans . ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁the ▁me al , ▁they ▁receive ▁t utor ing ▁and ▁attention ▁from ▁trained ▁profession als , ▁coun sel ors , ▁tut ors , ▁and ▁volunte ers . ▁ ▁Cl othing ▁distribution ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ’ Sh ul am it ▁organ izes ▁winter ▁campaign s ▁to ▁provide ▁co ats ▁and ▁blank ets ▁for ▁children ▁whose ▁parents ▁can ' t ▁afford ▁them . ▁They ▁also ▁buy ▁other ▁winter ▁g ear ▁such ▁as ▁bo ots , ▁scar ves , ▁and ▁glo ves , ▁and ▁dist ribute ▁them ▁to |
▁need y ▁children . ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ' Sh ul am it ▁also ▁runs ▁school - supp ly ▁campaign s ▁to ▁provide ▁children ▁with ▁basic ▁necess ities ▁such ▁as ▁back pack s , ▁p enc ils ▁and ▁not ebook s . ▁ ▁Job ▁des k ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁parents ▁who ▁receive ▁food ▁b ask ets ▁are ▁from ▁a ▁lower - class ▁background , ▁and ▁have ▁not ▁received ▁even ▁a ▁high ▁school ▁education . ▁Thus , ▁the ▁jobs ▁that ▁are ▁available ▁to ▁them ▁are ▁very ▁limited . ▁Y ad ▁Ez ra ▁V ' Sh ul am it ▁helps ▁these ▁people ▁with ▁their ▁res umes ▁and ▁prepar es ▁them ▁for ▁job ▁inter views . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Y ade z ra ▁- ▁website ▁ ▁Category : J ew ish ▁char ities ▁based ▁in ▁Israel ▁Category : Vol unte er ▁organizations ▁of ▁Israel ▁Category : Organ izations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Co - Op ▁Block ▁and ▁J . ▁N . ▁Ireland ▁Bank ▁is ▁a ▁commercial ▁block ▁at ▁the ▁corner ▁of ▁Main ▁St . ▁and ▁B ann ock ▁St . ▁in ▁Mal ad ▁City , ▁Id aho . ▁It ▁was ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 7 9 . ▁ ▁A ▁section ▁facing ▁onto ▁Main ▁and ▁a ▁section ▁facing ▁onto ▁B ann ock ▁were ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 3 , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁an ▁L - sh aped ▁structure ▁built ▁around ▁a ▁pre - |
ex isting ▁wood ▁frame ▁building ▁at ▁the ▁corner . ▁The ▁corner ▁building ▁was ▁replaced ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁by ▁the ▁J . ▁N . ▁Ireland ▁and ▁Co . ▁Bank ▁building . ▁ ▁The ▁entire ▁block ▁was ▁built ▁of ▁red ▁brick ▁which ▁was ▁later ▁white w ashed . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁National ▁Historic ▁Land marks ▁in ▁Id aho ▁ ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁list ings ▁in ▁One ida ▁County , ▁Id aho ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : B ank ▁buildings ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁Id aho ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁One ida ▁County , ▁Id aho ▁Category : National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁One ida ▁County , ▁Id aho <0x0A> </s> ▁" N ever ▁pain ▁to ▁tell ▁thy ▁love " ▁is ▁a ▁poem ▁by ▁William ▁Bla ke . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁first ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 3 ▁by ▁D ante ▁Gabriel ▁Ros set ti ▁in ▁his ▁edition ▁of ▁Bla ke ' s ▁po ems , ▁which ▁formed ▁the ▁second ▁volume ▁of ▁Alexander ▁Gil ch rist ' s ▁post hum ous ▁Life ▁of ▁William ▁Bla ke . ▁It ▁was ▁edited ▁from ▁a ▁not ebook ▁in ▁Ros set ti ' s ▁possession , ▁now ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ros set ti ▁MS ., ▁containing ▁a ▁great ▁number ▁of ▁sketch es , ▁draft ▁po ems , ▁po lem ical ▁pro se , ▁and ▁mis cell aneous ▁writ ings , ▁which ▁Bla ke ▁kept ▁by ▁him ▁for ▁many ▁years . ▁▁ ▁As ▁the |
▁only ▁text ual ▁authority ▁for ▁many ▁of ▁these ▁po ems ▁is ▁a ▁f oul ▁papers , ▁some ▁of ▁them ▁are ▁partly ▁editor ial ▁reconst ru ctions . ▁In ▁the ▁not ebook ▁the ▁first ▁st anza ▁of ▁" N ever ▁pain ▁to ▁tell ▁thy ▁love " ▁has ▁been ▁marked ▁for ▁delet ion . ▁Two ▁variant ▁read ings ▁are ▁sometimes ▁found ▁in ▁published ▁versions ▁of ▁the ▁poem . ▁In ▁the ▁first ▁line ▁" se ek " ▁was ▁deleted ▁by ▁Bla ke ▁and ▁replaced ▁by ▁" p ain ", ▁and ▁the ▁final ▁line ▁replaced ▁the ▁deleted ▁version ▁" He ▁took ▁her ▁with ▁a ▁s igh ". ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Not ebook ▁of ▁William ▁Bla ke ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 6 3 ▁po ems ▁Category : Po etry ▁by ▁William ▁Bla ke <0x0A> </s> ▁Dor othy ▁Law son ▁is ▁a ▁Canadian ▁cell ist ▁and ▁composer ▁based ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City . ▁She ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁co - found er ▁and ▁art istic ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁string ▁quart et ▁E TH EL . ▁On ▁the ▁found ing ▁of ▁E TH EL ▁she ▁says , ▁" we ... ▁realized ▁that ▁we ▁were ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁a ▁really ▁powerful ▁new ▁ups ur ge ▁of ▁cre ative ▁energy ▁in ▁music ▁of ▁our ▁time ▁that ▁we ▁were ▁kind ▁of ▁the ▁perfect ▁vehicle ▁for ." ▁ ▁Prior ▁to ▁E TH EL , ▁Law son ▁tou red ▁with ▁Mik h ail ▁B ary sh nik ov ' s ▁White ▁Oak ▁Dance ▁Project , ▁Bang ▁on ▁a ▁Can ▁All - |
St ars ▁and ▁Or phe us ▁Chamber ▁Orchestra . ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Ros set ti ▁and ▁Ro er ich ▁String ▁Quart ets , ▁and ▁served ▁ 1 0 ▁years ▁as ▁fac ulty ▁of ▁Joseph ▁F uchs ' ▁Alfred ▁University ▁Summer ▁Chamber ▁Music ▁Institute . ▁Law son ▁was ▁an ▁or chestra ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Off - B road way ▁production ▁of ▁Jason ▁Robert ▁Brown ' s ▁The ▁Last ▁Five ▁Years ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁Broadway ▁production ▁of ▁The ▁Woman ▁in ▁White . ▁She ▁has ▁been ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Ron ▁Carter ▁Non et . ▁Law son ▁appears ▁on ▁multiple ▁record ings , ▁including ▁the ▁G RA MM Y ▁Award - win ning ▁album ▁D edic ated ▁to ▁You : ▁Kurt ▁Ell ing ▁S ings ▁the ▁Music ▁of ▁Col tr ane ▁and ▁Hart man ▁She ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁acc laimed ▁Brazil ian ▁jazz ▁pian ist ▁Marcel o ▁Zar vos ▁+ Group . ▁Law son ▁is ▁a ▁gradu ate ▁of ▁the ▁Ju illi ard ▁School ▁and ▁a ▁current ▁fac ulty ▁at ▁the ▁Pre par atory ▁Division ▁of ▁Mann es ▁College ▁at ▁the ▁New ▁School . ▁She ▁is ▁quoted ▁numerous ▁times ▁in ▁the ▁book ▁How ▁to ▁G row ▁as ▁a ▁Music ian : ▁What ▁All ▁Mus icians ▁Must ▁Know ▁to ▁S uc ceed ▁by ▁She ila ▁E . ▁Anderson ▁on ▁the ▁topic ▁of ▁how ▁to ▁balance ▁work ▁and ▁family ▁as ▁a ▁working ▁music ian . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Can ad ian |
▁cell ists ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁classical ▁cell ists ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁compos ers ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : J u illi ard ▁School ▁al umn i ▁Category : Mus icians ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : Place ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁women ▁classical ▁cell ists ▁Category : E th el ▁( string ▁quart et ) ▁members <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Dioc ese ▁of ▁I j eb u - O de ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁dioc ese ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁I j eb u - O de ▁in ▁the ▁E cc les iast ical ▁province ▁of ▁Lag os ▁in ▁Niger ia . ▁ ▁History ▁▁ 2 9 ▁May ▁ 1 9 6 9 : ▁Est ab lished ▁as ▁Dioc ese ▁of ▁I j eb u - O de ▁from ▁Metropolitan ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁Lag os ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁ Re v . ▁F athers ▁Ch ause ▁and ▁Hol ley ▁came ▁to ▁E pe , ▁but ▁the ▁pag ans ▁ ▁prevent ed ▁an ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁Fa ith . ▁ 1 8 9 2 ▁Con quest ▁of ▁I j eb u ▁by ▁the ▁English , ▁Fre edom ▁of ▁Religion , ▁M s gr . ▁Joseph ▁Lang ▁with ▁Rev d . ▁F athers ▁P ied , ▁and ▁Bar lag lia ▁travel led ▁from ▁l bad an ▁to ▁I j eb u - O de |
, ▁stayed ▁one ▁night ▁at ▁Chief ▁Ol isa ' s ▁house ▁and ▁said ▁Mass , ▁before ▁leaving ▁the ▁next ▁day . ▁Rev ds . ▁Elli ot ▁and ▁Pay ne ▁established ▁in ▁I j eb u - Im us in ▁a ▁Church ▁of ▁the ▁Church ▁Mission ▁Society ▁( C MS ), ▁in ▁Es ure . ▁ 2 9 ▁July ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁– ▁Santa ▁Cong reg ation ▁de ▁Pro pag anda ▁introduced ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁to ▁l bon won . ▁ ▁Special ▁churches ▁The ▁C athedral ▁is ▁St ▁Sebastian ' s ▁C athedral ▁in ▁I j eb u - O de . ▁ ▁B ish ops ▁ ▁B ish ops ▁of ▁I j eb u - O de ▁( R oman ▁r ite ) ▁ ▁Bishop ▁Anthony ▁S ali u ▁San us i ▁( 1 9 6 9 . 0 5 . 2 9 ▁– ▁ 1 9 9 0 . 0 8 . 1 4 ) ▁Bishop ▁Albert ▁Ay inde ▁F as ina ▁( 1 9 9 0 . 0 8 . 1 4 ▁- ▁ 2 0 1 9 . 0 1 . 1 7 ); ▁retired , ▁Bishop ▁Emer it us ▁ ▁Bishop ▁Francis ▁Ob af emi ▁Ad es ina ▁( since ▁ 2 0 1 9 . 0 1 . 1 7 ); ▁formerly ▁R ector ▁of ▁Sain ts ▁Peter ▁and ▁Paul ▁Sem inary ▁in ▁I bad an , ▁Niger ia ▁ ▁Co adj utor ▁Bishop ▁Albert ▁Ay inde ▁F as ina ▁( 1 9 8 8 - |
1 9 9 0 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Roman ▁Catholic ism ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁GC atholic . org ▁Information ▁ ▁Catholic ▁Hier archy ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁https :// www . ij eb u ode c atholic di oc ese . org ▁ ▁Category : C atholic ▁Church ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁Category : R oman ▁Catholic ▁dioc eses ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁Category : Christ ian ▁organizations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁Category : R oman ▁Catholic ▁dioc eses ▁and ▁pre l atures ▁established ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁Category : I j eb u ▁O de <0x0A> </s> ▁Kr ish nak umar ▁N atar aj an ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁co - found ers ▁of ▁IT ▁company ▁Mind tree , ▁and ▁was ▁until ▁recently ▁the ▁Executive ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁company . ▁He ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁the ▁Chair man ▁of ▁NA SS COM ▁for ▁the ▁year ▁ 2 0 1 3 – 2 0 1 4 . ▁He ▁was ▁earlier ▁a ▁senior ▁executive ▁with ▁W ip ro ▁and ▁is ▁an ▁al umn us ▁of ▁X L RI . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁and ▁education ▁K K ▁graduated ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁with ▁a ▁degree ▁in ▁Mechan ical ▁Engineering ▁from ▁the ▁College ▁of ▁Engineering , ▁Gu ind y , ▁Chen na i , ▁India . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁he ▁completed ▁his ▁Master ' s ▁in ▁Business ▁Administration ▁( M BA ) ▁major ing ▁in ▁market ing ▁and ▁systems ▁from |
▁X L RI , ▁Jam sh ed pur , ▁India . ▁ ▁Career ▁K K ▁started ▁his ▁career ▁in ▁W ip ro ▁and ▁held ▁various ▁key ▁positions ▁there ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁During ▁this ▁time , ▁he ▁started ▁and ▁grew ▁the ▁E commerce ▁division ▁as ▁the ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁of ▁the ▁E commerce ▁and ▁Fin an cial ▁Sol utions ▁Division ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁Group ▁Vice ▁President ▁of ▁Human ▁Resources ▁and ▁also ▁as ▁Chief ▁Mark eting ▁Officer ▁for ▁W ip ro ' s ▁IT ▁business . ▁. ▁ ▁In ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁K K ▁along ▁with ▁nine ▁other ▁business men ▁in ▁IT , ▁co - f ounded ▁Mind tree . ▁In ▁the ▁early ▁years ▁of ▁Mind tree , ▁K K ▁was ▁instrument al ▁in ▁setting ▁up ▁the ▁U . S . ▁operations ▁and ▁played ▁a ▁key ▁role ▁in ▁building ▁the ▁organization . ▁He ▁then ▁drove ▁Mind tree ' s ▁expansion ▁into ▁Europe , ▁Asia ▁Pacific ▁and ▁the ▁Middle ▁East , ▁transform ing ▁Mind tree ' s ▁IT ▁services ▁business . ▁He ▁was ▁until ▁recently ▁the ▁Executive ▁Chair man ▁of ▁Mind tree , ▁until ▁its ▁ac quisition ▁by ▁L & T ▁Inf ote ch . ▁ ▁K K ▁is ▁an ▁Ex - Ch air man ▁of ▁NA SS COM ▁and ▁cha ired ▁the ▁‘ emer ging ▁companies ’ ▁forum . ▁In ▁this ▁capacity , ▁he ▁worked ▁towards ▁bringing ▁together ▁large |
▁and ▁emer ging ▁companies ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁Indian ▁IT ▁industry ▁a ▁glob ally ▁compet itive ▁e cos ystem . ▁ ▁K K ▁is ▁an ▁active ▁member ▁of ▁several ▁professional ▁industry ▁organizations , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Man ufact urer ' s ▁Association ▁for ▁Information ▁Technology ▁( MA IT ) ▁and ▁the ▁Confeder ation ▁of ▁Indian ▁Indust ry ▁( C II ). ▁ ▁Awards ▁& ▁recognition ▁K K ▁was ▁ranked ▁number ▁ 2 8 ▁on ▁the ▁ 5 0 ▁highest ▁r ated ▁CE Os ▁list ▁published ▁by ▁G lass door , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁and ▁family ▁K K ▁is ▁married ▁to ▁Ak h ila ▁Kr ish nak umar . ▁The ▁couple ▁have ▁ 2 ▁sons . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Ind ian ▁chief ▁execut ives ▁Category : X L RI ▁- ▁X avier ▁School ▁of ▁Management ▁al umn i ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Rec laim ▁W ast eland ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁Chinese ▁silent ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Wang ▁Y uan long ▁who ▁also ▁star red ▁in ▁it . ▁It ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁earliest ▁Chinese ▁films ▁that ▁have ▁surv ived , ▁although ▁a ▁portion ▁is ▁missing . ▁ ▁The ▁story ▁celebr ates ▁free ▁love ▁among ▁young ▁rural ▁people . ▁Wang ▁cons cient iously ▁focused ▁on ▁traditional ▁Chinese ▁cult ures , ▁but ▁while ▁the ▁film ▁received ▁positive ▁reviews , ▁it ▁flo pped ▁at ▁the ▁Shang hai ▁box ▁office , ▁leading ▁Wang ▁to |
▁conclude ▁that ▁" O ur ▁fellow ▁coun tr ymen ▁had ▁a ▁strong ▁adm iration ▁for ▁the ▁West ." ▁ ▁Plot ▁The ▁or phan ed ▁Gu ish eng ▁lives ▁with ▁her ▁cousin ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁and ▁her ▁family ▁in ▁Li u he ▁Township , ▁working ▁as ▁an ▁agricult ural ▁labor er ▁in ▁the ▁fields . ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁parents ▁have ▁h ired ▁a ▁few ▁other ▁farm hand s , ▁including ▁Cin que ▁and ▁the ▁dim w itted ▁C ater . ▁Gu ish eng ▁and ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁are ▁very ▁much ▁in ▁love , ▁as ▁are ▁Cin que ▁and ▁Ma o ▁Y uan , ▁another ▁local ▁girl . ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁parents ▁also ▁believe ▁they ▁would ▁become ▁two ▁cou ples ▁when ▁they ▁grow ▁up . ▁Every ▁night , ▁the ▁te en agers ▁gather ▁around ▁the ▁bar n ▁and ▁have ▁fun . ▁ ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁mother ▁has ▁worked ▁non stop ▁ever ▁since ▁she ▁got ▁married ▁eleven ▁years ▁ago , ▁and ▁it ▁has ▁taken ▁a ▁to ll ▁on ▁her ▁health . ▁One ▁day , ▁feeling ▁d iz zy , ▁she ▁suddenly ▁col laps es ▁and ▁dies . ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁and ▁others ▁try ▁to ▁fill ▁her ▁void ▁in ▁the ▁kitchen , ▁but ▁the ▁results ▁are ▁more ▁often ▁fun ny ▁than ▁del icious . ▁Her ▁father ▁finally ▁dec ides ▁to ▁get ▁a ▁second ▁wife , ▁and ▁Z hou ▁becomes ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁ste pm other . ▁They ▁don ' t ▁get ▁along , ▁and ▁when ▁her ▁father ▁doesn ' |
t ▁side ▁with ▁her ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁goes ▁to ▁her ▁mother ' s ▁grave ▁to ▁cry . ▁Z hou ' s ▁nep hew ▁Sh un q ing ▁wants ▁to ▁marry ▁Ah ▁Z hen . ▁He ▁approaches ▁Z hou ▁and ▁convin ces ▁her ▁that ▁the ▁marriage ▁would ▁also ▁benefit ▁her . ▁ ▁Ar ound ▁this ▁time , ▁soldiers ▁from ▁the ▁Bei y ang ▁government ▁arrive ▁calling ▁for ▁young ▁farm hand s ▁to ▁join ▁them ▁and ▁rec laim ▁land ▁in ▁border ▁regions . ▁Z hou ▁wants ▁Gu ish eng ▁out ▁of ▁her ▁nep hew ' s ▁way , ▁so ▁she ▁dem ands ▁that ▁he ▁goes . ▁When ▁Gu ish eng ▁and ▁Cin que ▁leave ▁for ▁the ▁hinter land , ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁tells ▁Gu ish eng ▁to ▁wait ▁for ▁her ▁no ▁matter ▁what . ▁After ▁their ▁departure , ▁Z hou ▁quick ▁arr anges ▁for ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁to ▁marry ▁Sh un q ing . ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁falls ▁ill , ▁and ▁before ▁the ▁wed ding ▁she ▁hands ▁a ▁letter ▁to ▁Ma o ▁Y uan ▁to ▁mail ▁to ▁Gu ish eng . ▁On ▁her ▁wed ding ▁night , ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁tries ▁to ▁st ab ▁Sh un q ing ▁with ▁a ▁hidden ▁kn ife . ▁The ▁next ▁morning , ▁vill agers ▁discover ▁a ▁woman ' s ▁body ▁in ▁the ▁well . ▁They ▁hur ry ▁to ▁the ▁br idal ▁chamber ▁and ▁find ▁Sh un q ing ' s ▁body ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁suic ide ▁note . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁border ▁regions , |
▁many ▁pe as ants ▁fall ▁ill ▁due ▁to ▁lack ▁of ▁water . ▁Gu ish eng ▁and ▁Cin que ▁are ▁surprised ▁when ▁they ▁receive ▁letters ▁from ▁their ▁lo vers ▁back ▁home . ▁The ▁letter ▁from ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁just ▁encourag es ▁Gu ish eng ▁to ▁succeed . ▁Cin que , ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁hand , ▁is ▁shock ed ▁by ▁what ▁Ma o ▁Y uan ▁tells ▁her . ▁He ▁dec ides ▁not ▁to ▁tell ▁Gu ish eng ▁about ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁death . ▁ ▁( P arts ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁are ▁missing , ▁but ▁the ▁likely ▁scenario ▁is : ▁Gu ish eng ▁is ▁determined ▁to ▁visit ▁home , ▁so ▁he ▁and ▁Cin que ▁begin ▁their ▁long ▁journey ▁back . ▁They ▁somehow ▁meet ▁Ma o ▁Y uan ▁and ▁her ▁father , ▁who ▁decide ▁to ▁follow ▁them ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁borders .) ▁ ▁When ▁they ▁reach ▁their ▁rec laimed ▁land , ▁they ▁are ▁shock ed ▁to ▁find ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁and ▁C ater . ▁C ater ▁begins ▁to ▁speak . ▁It ▁turns ▁out ▁that ▁Sh un q ing ▁had ▁a ▁je alous ▁lo ver ▁who ▁came ▁to ▁the ▁br idal ▁chamber ▁on ▁his ▁wed ding ▁night , ▁and ▁they ▁st ab bed ▁each ▁other ▁to ▁death ▁with ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁kn ife . ▁With ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁C ater , ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁dump ed ▁her ▁body ▁in ▁the ▁well , ▁wrote ▁a ▁suic ide ▁note ▁to ▁mis le ad ▁the ▁vill agers , ▁and ▁escaped . ▁Having ▁told ▁his ▁story , ▁C |
ater ▁introdu ces ▁his ▁girl friend ▁to ▁the ▁group . ▁Every one ▁is ▁ec static . ▁ ▁Cast ▁Li ▁M ing hui ▁as ▁Ah ▁Z hen ▁Wang ▁Y uan long ▁as ▁Gu ish eng ▁Wang ▁C il ong ▁as ▁Cin que ▁Yang ▁J ing wo ▁as ▁Ma o ▁Y uan ▁Sh ao ▁He ▁as ▁C ater ▁Wang ▁Jin ming ▁as ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁mother ▁X ie ▁Y un q ing ▁as ▁Ah ▁Z hen ' s ▁father ▁Z hou ▁W enz hu ▁as ▁Z hou ▁Wang ▁Zh eng x in ▁as ▁Officer ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 6 ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁shot ▁in ▁China ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁China ▁Category : Ch inese ▁silent ▁films ▁Category : Ch inese ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 2 0 s ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Ch inese ▁films ▁Category : Ch inese ▁black - and - white ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Historical ▁Association ▁is ▁a ▁membership ▁organisation ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁and ▁based ▁in ▁London , ▁England . ▁The ▁goals ▁of ▁the ▁Historical ▁Association ▁are ▁to ▁support ▁" the ▁study ▁and ▁enjoy ment ▁of ▁history ▁at ▁all ▁levels ▁by ▁creating ▁an ▁environment ▁that ▁prom otes ▁lif el ong ▁learning ▁and ▁provides ▁for ▁the ▁evol ving ▁needs ▁of ▁people ▁who ▁share ▁an ▁interest ▁in ▁history ." ▁The ▁association ' s ▁patron ▁is ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁II . ▁ ▁The ▁Historical ▁Association ▁was ▁incorpor ated ▁by ▁Royal ▁Char ter ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁its |
▁cent en ary ▁year . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁char ity ▁registered ▁in ▁England . ▁ ▁Activ ities ▁The ▁Historical ▁Association ▁is ▁active ▁in ▁supporting ▁the ▁study ▁and ▁teaching ▁of ▁history ▁at ▁all ▁levels . ▁M emb ership ▁is ▁around ▁ 6 , 0 0 0 , ▁largely ▁UK - based , ▁with ▁a ▁strong ▁following ▁in ▁UK ▁secondary ▁school ▁history ▁depart ments . ▁ ▁The ▁association ▁has ▁ 5 8 ▁branches ▁through ▁the ▁UK ▁which ▁run ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁events ▁r anging ▁from ▁historical ▁tal ks ▁to ▁wal ks ▁and ▁vis its . ▁Branch ▁associate ▁members ▁take ▁the ▁overall ▁membership ▁to ▁about ▁ 8 , 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁The ▁association ▁campaign s ▁on ▁their ▁beh alf ▁and ▁to ▁ensure ▁history ▁continues ▁to ▁be ▁taught ▁well ▁at ▁all ▁phases ▁of ▁education . ▁The ▁association ▁is ▁committed ▁to ▁a ▁policy ▁of ▁emb rac ing ▁a ▁broad ▁church ▁and ▁encourag ing ▁a ▁general ▁interest ▁in ▁history ▁and ▁in ▁our ▁cultural ▁her itage . ▁ ▁It ▁has ▁published ▁a ▁journal ▁for ▁professional ▁histor ians ▁called ▁History ▁since ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁( Print ▁; ▁Online ▁). ▁Ann ual ▁Bul letin ▁of ▁Historical ▁Liter ature ▁( An nu ▁Bull ▁Hist ▁Lit , ▁W iley , ▁) ▁provides ▁reviews ▁of ▁the ▁years ▁historical ▁books ▁and ▁journal ▁articles . ▁It ▁also ▁publish es ▁Primary ▁History , ▁materials ▁for ▁teachers ▁of ▁teachers ▁involved ▁in ▁primary ▁education , ▁and ▁a ▁journal ▁called ▁Te aching ▁History ▁for ▁secondary ▁school ▁history ▁teachers , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁The ▁Histor ian ▁for ▁a |
▁wider ▁read ership . ▁ ▁The ▁association ▁a ims ▁to ▁provide ▁the ▁best ▁possible ▁resources ▁and ▁support ▁for ▁history ▁teachers ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁providing ▁Online ▁Cont inu ing ▁Professional ▁Development ▁courses . ▁ ▁History ▁On ▁ 5 ▁January ▁ 1 9 0 6 , ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁history ▁teachers ▁and ▁academ ics ▁met ▁in ▁Central ▁London ▁to ▁discuss ▁the ▁proposal ▁from ▁Miss ▁M . ▁A . ▁Howard ▁that ▁they ▁establish ▁" an ▁association ▁to ▁co - ordinate ▁the ▁efforts ▁of ▁all ▁those ▁working ▁in ▁England ▁towards ▁the ▁improvement ▁of ▁history ▁teaching ▁in ▁our ▁schools ." ▁The ▁a ims ▁Miss ▁Howard ▁identified ▁for ▁such ▁an ▁association ▁were ▁to ▁be : ▁ <0x09> A ▁place ▁for ▁history ▁teachers ▁to ▁get ▁advice ▁on ▁sy ll ab us , ▁text books ▁and ▁method ▁ <0x09> A ▁means ▁of ▁keeping ▁teachers ▁in ▁school ▁in ▁touch ▁with ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁the ▁univers ities ▁ <0x09> A ▁body ▁to ▁bring ▁pressure ▁to ▁bear ▁on ▁educational ▁authorities ▁and ▁exam ining ▁bodies ▁ <0x09> A ▁body ▁to ▁persu ade ▁publish ers ▁to ▁bring ▁out ▁cheap ▁ed itions ▁of ▁good ▁books ▁and ▁illustr ations ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁schools ▁ ▁The ▁meeting ▁agreed ▁to ▁act ▁upon ▁Miss ▁Howard ’ s ▁proposal , ▁and ▁in ▁closing ▁the ▁meeting ▁Professor ▁Pol l ard ▁gave ▁a ▁wider ▁rem it ▁for ▁the ▁new ▁association : ▁that ▁history ▁should ▁be ▁properly ▁recogn ised ▁by ▁univers ities ▁and ▁that ▁history ▁should ▁be ▁properly ▁taught ▁in ▁our ▁schools . ▁ ▁This ▁became ▁the ▁spark ▁that ▁formally |
▁founded ▁the ▁Historical ▁Association ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 1 9 0 6 . ▁The ▁first ▁published ▁a ims ▁were : ▁ <0x09> The ▁collection ▁of ▁information ▁as ▁to ▁existing ▁systems ▁of ▁historical ▁teaching ▁at ▁home ▁and ▁abroad , ▁by ▁getting ▁together ▁printed ▁books , ▁pam ph lets ▁and ▁other ▁materials , ▁and ▁by ▁correspond ence ▁ <0x09> The ▁distribution ▁of ▁information ▁amongst ▁the ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁association ▁as ▁to ▁methods ▁of ▁teaching ▁and ▁a ids ▁to ▁teaching ▁( v iz . ▁maps , ▁illustr ations , ▁text ▁books , ▁etc .) ▁ <0x09> The ▁encourag ement ▁of ▁local ▁cent res ▁for ▁the ▁discussion ▁of ▁questions ▁relative ▁to ▁the ▁study ▁and ▁teaching ▁of ▁history ▁ <0x09> The ▁representation ▁on ▁the ▁needs ▁and ▁interests ▁of ▁the ▁study ▁of ▁history ▁and ▁of ▁the ▁opinion ▁of ▁its ▁teachers ▁to ▁gover ning ▁bodies , ▁government ▁depart ments , ▁and ▁other ▁authorities ▁having ▁control ▁over ▁education ▁ <0x09> Co - operation ▁for ▁common ▁objects ▁with ▁the ▁English ▁Association , ▁the ▁Ge ographical ▁Association , ▁the ▁Modern ▁Language ▁Association ▁and ▁the ▁Class ical ▁Association . ▁ ▁The ▁association ’ s ▁a ims ▁have ▁remained ▁substantial ly ▁un changed ▁and ▁the ▁a ims ▁stated ▁in ▁the ▁Historical ▁Association ’ s ▁Char ter ▁closely ▁echo ▁these ▁sent iments . ▁ ▁By ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁the ▁constitution ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁incorpor ate ▁non - prof essional ▁interest ▁in ▁the ▁subject . ▁Ad mission ▁was ▁" open ▁to ▁all ▁persons ▁interested ▁in ▁the ▁study ▁and ▁teaching ▁of ▁history ". |
▁ ▁The ▁association ▁quickly ▁grew ▁in ▁the ▁post - war ▁years ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁had ▁over ▁ 7 0 ▁active ▁branches ▁and ▁more ▁than ▁ 8 , 0 0 0 ▁members . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁association ▁expressed ▁concerns ▁over ▁the ▁reduction ▁in ▁history ▁education ▁in ▁schools . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁British ▁Association ▁for ▁Local ▁History ▁Royal ▁Historical ▁Society ▁ ▁Histor i ography ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Home page ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : History ▁organis ations ▁based ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : 1 9 0 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁England ▁Category : Organ izations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁Category : Char ities ▁based ▁in ▁London <0x0A> </s> ▁Al phon se ▁Antonio ▁de ▁Sar asa ▁was ▁a ▁Jes uit ▁math ematic ian ▁who ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁understanding ▁of ▁log arith ms , ▁particularly ▁as ▁areas ▁under ▁a ▁hyper bol a . ▁ ▁Al phon se ▁de ▁Sar asa ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 6 1 8 , ▁in ▁Nie uw po ort ▁in ▁Fland ers . ▁In ▁ 1 6 3 2 ▁he ▁was ▁admitted ▁as ▁a ▁nov ice ▁in ▁Gh ent . ▁It ▁was ▁there ▁that ▁he ▁worked ▁alongside ▁Gre go ire ▁de ▁Saint - V in cent ▁whose ▁ideas ▁he ▁developed , ▁explo ited , ▁and ▁prom ul g ated . ▁According ▁to ▁Sommer v og el , ▁Al phon se ▁de ▁Sar asa ▁also ▁held ▁academic ▁positions ▁in ▁Ant werp ▁and |
▁Br uss els . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 6 4 9 ▁Al phon se ▁de ▁Sar asa ▁published ▁Sol ut io ▁problem atis ▁a ▁R . P . ▁Mar ino ▁M ers enne ▁Min imo ▁propos iti . ▁This ▁book ▁was ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁Mar in ▁M ers enne ' s ▁pam ph let ▁" Ref lex iones ▁Phys ico - math emat ica e " ▁which ▁review ed ▁Saint - V in cent ' s ▁Op us ▁Ge ometric um ▁and ▁pos ed ▁this ▁challenge : ▁ ▁Given ▁three ▁arbitrary ▁magn itudes , ▁rational ▁or ▁ir r ational , ▁and ▁given ▁the ▁log arith ms ▁of ▁the ▁two , ▁to ▁find ▁the ▁log arith m ▁of ▁the ▁third ▁geomet r ically . ▁ ▁R . P . ▁Burn ▁explains ▁that ▁the ▁term ▁log arith m ▁was ▁used ▁differently ▁in ▁the ▁sevent e enth ▁century . ▁Log arith ms ▁were ▁any ▁arithmetic ▁pro gression ▁which ▁correspond ed ▁to ▁a ▁geometric ▁pro gression . ▁ ▁Burn ▁says , ▁in ▁review ing ▁de ▁Sar asa ' s ▁popular ization ▁of ▁de ▁Saint - V in cent , ▁and ▁conc urr ing ▁with ▁Mor itz ▁Cant or , ▁that ▁" the ▁relationship ▁between ▁log arith ms ▁and ▁the ▁hyper bol a ▁was ▁found ▁by ▁Saint - V in cent ▁in ▁all ▁but ▁name ". ▁ ▁Burn ▁quotes ▁de ▁Sar asa ▁on ▁this ▁point : ▁" … the ▁foundation ▁of ▁the ▁teaching ▁emb rac ing ▁log arith ms ▁are ▁contained " ▁in ▁Saint - V in cent |
' s ▁Op us ▁Ge ometric um , ▁part ▁ 4 ▁of ▁Book ▁ 6 , ▁de ▁Hyper bol a . ▁ ▁Al phon se ▁Antonio ▁de ▁Sar asa ▁died ▁in ▁Br uss els ▁in ▁ 1 6 6 7 . ▁ ▁Works ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁scient ist - cler ics ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Bel g ian ▁mathemat icians ▁Category : Bel g ian ▁Jes uits ▁Category : 1 6 1 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 6 6 7 ▁death s ▁Category : 1 7 th - century ▁mathemat icians ▁Category : Log arith ms ▁Category : C atholic ▁cler gy ▁scient ists ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Nie uw po ort , ▁Belg ium ▁Category : J es uit ▁scient ists <0x0A> </s> ▁R ED I RECT ▁East ▁Region , ▁Singapore <0x0A> </s> ▁Tr alles ▁is ▁an ▁irregular ▁lun ar ▁impact ▁cr ater ▁that ▁is ▁attached ▁to ▁the ▁north western ▁rim ▁of ▁the ▁much ▁larger ▁cr ater ▁Cle om edes , ▁in ▁the ▁n ort he astern ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Moon . ▁Within ▁one ▁cr ater ▁diameter ▁to ▁the ▁north west ▁is ▁Deb es . ▁The ▁cr ater ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁German ▁math ematic ian ▁and ▁phys ic ist ▁Johann ▁Georg ▁Tr alles . ▁ ▁This ▁is ▁an ▁odd ly ▁sh aped ▁cr ater ▁formation ▁with ▁an ▁irregular ▁per imeter . ▁The ▁rug ged ▁interior ▁has ▁the ▁appearance ▁of ▁three ▁over la pping ▁cr aters , ▁with ▁one ▁at ▁the ▁south ▁end , ▁a |
▁second ▁to ▁the ▁n ortheast ▁and ▁a ▁third ▁to ▁the ▁north west . ▁There ▁are ▁also ▁several ▁tiny ▁cr ater lets ▁located ▁within ▁the ▁j umbled ▁inner ▁surface . ▁ ▁Sat ellite ▁cr aters ▁ ▁By ▁convention ▁these ▁features ▁are ▁identified ▁on ▁lun ar ▁maps ▁by ▁placing ▁the ▁letter ▁on ▁the ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁cr ater ▁mid point ▁that ▁is ▁closest ▁to ▁Tr alles . ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Imp act ▁cr aters ▁on ▁the ▁Moon <0x0A> </s> ▁Bry an ▁Knight ▁( born ▁January ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 7 9 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁American ▁football ▁line back er ▁in ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League . ▁He ▁was ▁draft ed ▁by ▁the ▁Chicago ▁B ears ▁in ▁the ▁fifth ▁round ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁NFL ▁D raft . ▁He ▁played ▁college ▁football ▁at ▁Pitts burgh . ▁ ▁Knight ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Carolina ▁Pan thers . ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁football ▁line back ers ▁Category : P itt s burgh ▁Pan thers ▁football ▁players ▁Category : Ch icago ▁B ears ▁players ▁Category : Car ol ina ▁Pan thers ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Tr icy clic ▁ant ide press ants ▁( TC As ) ▁are ▁a ▁class ▁of ▁medic ations ▁that ▁are ▁used ▁primarily ▁as ▁ant ide press ants . ▁T C As ▁were ▁discovered ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁and ▁were ▁market ed ▁later ▁in ▁the ▁de cade . |
▁They ▁are ▁named ▁after ▁their ▁chemical ▁structure , ▁which ▁contains ▁three ▁rings ▁of ▁atoms . ▁T et racy clic ▁ant ide press ants ▁( Te C As ), ▁which ▁contain ▁four ▁rings ▁of ▁atoms , ▁are ▁a ▁closely ▁related ▁group ▁of ▁ant ide press ant ▁comp ounds . ▁ ▁Although ▁T C As ▁are ▁sometimes ▁pres cribed ▁for ▁de press ive ▁dis orders , ▁they ▁have ▁been ▁largely ▁replaced ▁in ▁clin ical ▁use ▁in ▁most ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁world ▁by ▁newer ▁ant ide press ants ▁such ▁as ▁select ive ▁ser ot on in ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itors ▁( SS R Is ), ▁ser ot on in – n ore pine phr ine ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itors ▁( S NR Is ) ▁and ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itors ▁( NR Is ). ▁Ad verse ▁effects ▁have ▁been ▁found ▁to ▁be ▁of ▁a ▁similar ▁level ▁between ▁T C As ▁and ▁SS R Is . ▁ ▁Medical ▁uses ▁The ▁T C As ▁are ▁used ▁primarily ▁in ▁the ▁clin ical ▁treatment ▁of ▁m ood ▁dis orders ▁such ▁as ▁major ▁de press ive ▁dis order ▁( MD D ), ▁d yst h ym ia , ▁and ▁treatment - res istant ▁variants . ▁They ▁are ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁treatment ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁other ▁medical ▁dis orders , ▁including ▁anx iety ▁dis orders ▁such ▁as ▁generalized ▁anx iety ▁dis order ▁( G AD ), ▁social ▁ph ob ia ▁( SP ) ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁social ▁anx iety ▁dis |
order ▁( S AD ), ▁obs ess ive - comp uls ive ▁dis order ▁( O CD ), ▁and ▁pan ic ▁dis order ▁( PD ), ▁post - tra um atic ▁stress ▁dis order ▁( PT SD ), ▁body ▁d ys m orph ic ▁dis order ▁( B DD ), ▁e ating ▁dis orders ▁like ▁an ore x ia ▁nerv osa ▁and ▁bul im ia ▁nerv osa , ▁certain ▁person ality ▁dis orders ▁such ▁as ▁border line ▁person ality ▁dis order ▁( B PD ), ▁ne uro log ical ▁dis orders ▁such ▁as ▁attention - def ic it ▁hyper activity ▁dis order ▁( AD HD ), ▁Park inson ' s ▁disease ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁chron ic ▁pain , ▁neural gia ▁or ▁ne urop ath ic ▁pain , ▁and ▁fib rom yal gia , ▁head ache , ▁or ▁mig raine , ▁sm oking ▁c ess ation , ▁tou ret te ▁synd rome , ▁tr ich ot ill oman ia , ▁ir rit able ▁bow el ▁synd rome ▁( IB S ), ▁inter st it ial ▁c yst itis ▁( IC ), ▁no ct urn al ▁en ures is ▁( NE ), ▁nar cole ps y , ▁ins om nia , ▁path ological ▁cry ing ▁and / or ▁la ughing , ▁chron ic ▁h ic cu ps , ▁c igu ater a ▁poison ing , ▁and ▁as ▁an ▁adj unct ▁in ▁sch iz op hren ia . ▁ ▁C lin ical ▁de pression ▁For ▁many ▁years ▁the ▁T C As ▁were ▁the ▁first ▁choice ▁for |
▁ph arm ac ological ▁treatment ▁of ▁clin ical ▁de pression . ▁Although ▁they ▁are ▁still ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁highly ▁effective , ▁they ▁have ▁been ▁increasing ly ▁replaced ▁by ▁ant ide press ants ▁with ▁an ▁improved ▁safety ▁and ▁side ▁effect ▁profile , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁SS R Is ▁and ▁other ▁newer ▁ant ide press ants ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁novel ▁revers ible ▁MA O I ▁m oc lob em ide . ▁However , ▁tr icy clic ▁ant ide press ants ▁are ▁possibly ▁more ▁effective ▁in ▁tre ating ▁mel anch ol ic ▁de pression ▁than ▁other ▁ant ide press ant ▁drug ▁classes . ▁Ne wer ▁ant ide press ants ▁are ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁fewer ▁and ▁less ▁severe ▁side ▁effects ▁and ▁are ▁also ▁thought ▁to ▁be ▁less ▁likely ▁to ▁result ▁in ▁injury ▁or ▁death ▁if ▁used ▁in ▁a ▁suic ide ▁attempt , ▁as ▁the ▁dos es ▁required ▁for ▁clin ical ▁treatment ▁and ▁potentially ▁le th al ▁over d ose ▁( see ▁th era pe ut ic ▁index ) ▁are ▁far ▁wider ▁in ▁comparison . ▁ ▁Non eth eless , ▁the ▁T C As ▁are ▁commonly ▁pres cribed ▁for ▁treatment - res istant ▁de pression ▁that ▁has ▁failed ▁to ▁respond ▁to ▁ther apy ▁with ▁newer ▁ant ide press ants , ▁they ▁also ▁tend ▁to ▁have ▁fewer ▁emot ional ▁bl un ting ▁and ▁sexual ▁side ▁effects ▁than ▁SS RI ▁ant ide press ants . ▁▁ ▁They ▁are ▁not ▁considered ▁add ict ive ▁and ▁are ▁somewhat ▁prefer able ▁to ▁the ▁mon o am ine ▁ox id ase ▁in hib itors |
▁( MA O Is ). ▁The ▁side ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁T C As ▁usually ▁come ▁to ▁prom in ence ▁before ▁the ▁th era pe ut ic ▁benefits ▁against ▁de pression ▁and / or ▁anx iety ▁do , ▁and ▁for ▁this ▁reason , ▁they ▁may ▁potentially ▁be ▁somewhat ▁dangerous , ▁as ▁vol ition ▁can ▁be ▁increased , ▁possibly ▁giving ▁the ▁patient ▁a ▁greater ▁desire ▁to ▁attempt ▁or ▁commit ▁suic ide . ▁ ▁Att ention - def ic it ▁hyper activity ▁dis order ▁The ▁T C As ▁were ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁past ▁in ▁the ▁clin ical ▁treatment ▁of ▁AD HD , ▁though ▁they ▁are ▁not ▁typically ▁used ▁anymore , ▁having ▁been ▁replaced ▁by ▁more ▁effective ▁agents ▁with ▁fewer ▁side ▁effects ▁such ▁as ▁atom ox et ine ▁( Str atter a , ▁Tom ox et in ) ▁and ▁stim ul ants ▁like ▁m eth yl phen id ate ▁( R ital in , ▁F ocal in , ▁Con cert a ), ▁and ▁am ph et am ine ▁( Ad der all , ▁Att entin , ▁D ex ed r ine , ▁V y van se ). ▁AD HD ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁be ▁caused ▁by ▁an ▁ins u ffic iency ▁of ▁dop am ine ▁and ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁activity ▁in ▁the ▁pre front al ▁cor tex ▁of ▁the ▁brain . ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁T C As ▁in hib it ▁the ▁re upt ake ▁of ▁n ore pine phr ine , ▁though ▁not ▁dop am ine , ▁and ▁as ▁a ▁result , ▁they ▁show ▁some ▁effic |
acy ▁in ▁rem ed ying ▁the ▁dis order . ▁Not ably , ▁the ▁T C As ▁are ▁more ▁effective ▁in ▁tre ating ▁the ▁behavior al ▁aspects ▁of ▁AD HD ▁than ▁the ▁cogn itive ▁def ic its , ▁as ▁they ▁help ▁limit ▁hyper activity ▁and ▁imp uls ivity , ▁but ▁have ▁little ▁to ▁no ▁benefits ▁on ▁attention . ▁ ▁Chron ic ▁pain ▁The ▁T C As ▁show ▁effic acy ▁in ▁the ▁clin ical ▁treatment ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁different ▁types ▁of ▁chron ic ▁pain , ▁not ably ▁neural gia ▁or ▁ne urop ath ic ▁pain ▁and ▁fib rom yal gia . ▁The ▁precise ▁mechanism ▁of ▁action ▁in ▁explanation ▁of ▁their ▁anal ges ic ▁effic acy ▁is ▁unclear , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁thought ▁that ▁they ▁indirect ly ▁mod ulate ▁the ▁op io id ▁system ▁in ▁the ▁brain ▁down stream ▁via ▁ser ot on erg ic ▁and ▁nor adr ener g ic ▁neur om od ulation , ▁among ▁other ▁properties . ▁They ▁are ▁also ▁effective ▁in ▁mig raine ▁pro phy la xis , ▁though ▁not ▁in ▁the ▁instant ▁relief ▁of ▁an ▁ac ute ▁mig raine ▁attack . ▁They ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁effective ▁to ▁prevent ▁chron ic ▁t ension ▁head aches . ▁ ▁Side ▁effects ▁Many ▁side ▁effects ▁may ▁be ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁ant im us car in ic ▁properties ▁of ▁the ▁T C As . ▁Such ▁side ▁effects ▁are ▁relatively ▁common ▁and ▁may ▁include ▁dry ▁mouth , ▁dry ▁nose , ▁bl ur ry ▁vision , ▁lower ed ▁g astro int est inal ▁mot ility ▁or ▁const |
ip ation , ▁ur inary ▁ret ention , ▁cogn itive ▁and / or ▁memory ▁imp air ment , ▁and ▁increased ▁body ▁temperature . ▁ ▁Other ▁side ▁effects ▁may ▁include ▁d rows iness , ▁anx iety , ▁emot ional ▁bl un ting ▁( ap ath y / an hed onia ), ▁confusion , ▁rest less ness , ▁d izz iness , ▁ak ath is ia , ▁hyp ers ens itivity , ▁changes ▁in ▁app et ite ▁and ▁weight , ▁swe ating , ▁mus cle ▁tw itch es , ▁weak ness , ▁n ause a ▁and ▁vom iting , ▁hyp ot ension , ▁t ach y card ia , ▁and ▁rarely , ▁irregular ▁heart ▁rh yth ms . ▁Tw itch ing , ▁hall uc in ations , ▁del iri um ▁and ▁com a ▁are ▁also ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁to xic ▁effects ▁caused ▁by ▁over d ose . ▁R hab dom y ol ysis ▁or ▁mus cle ▁break down ▁has ▁been ▁rarely ▁reported ▁with ▁this ▁class ▁of ▁dru gs ▁as ▁well . ▁ ▁Tol er ance ▁to ▁these ▁ad verse ▁effects ▁of ▁these ▁dru gs ▁often ▁develop s ▁if ▁treatment ▁is ▁continued . ▁Side ▁effects ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁less ▁troubles ome ▁if ▁treatment ▁is ▁initi ated ▁with ▁low ▁dos es ▁and ▁then ▁gradually ▁increased , ▁although ▁this ▁may ▁also ▁delay ▁the ▁benef icial ▁effects . ▁ ▁T C As ▁can ▁behave ▁like ▁class ▁ 1 A ▁anti arr h ythm ics , ▁as ▁such , ▁they ▁can ▁theoret ically ▁terminate ▁vent ric ular ▁f ibr ill |
ation , ▁decrease ▁card iac ▁contract ility ▁and ▁increase ▁coll ater al ▁blood ▁circul ation ▁to ▁is chem ic ▁heart ▁mus cle . ▁Natur ally , ▁in ▁over d ose , ▁they ▁can ▁be ▁card iot ox ic , ▁prolong ing ▁heart ▁rh yth ms ▁and ▁increasing ▁my oc ard ial ▁ir rit ability . ▁ ▁New ▁research ▁has ▁also ▁revealed ▁comp elling ▁evidence ▁of ▁a ▁link ▁between ▁long - term ▁use ▁of ▁ant ich ol iner g ic ▁medic ations ▁like ▁T C As ▁and ▁de ment ia . ▁Although ▁many ▁studies ▁have ▁investig ated ▁this ▁link , ▁this ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁study ▁to ▁use ▁a ▁long - term ▁approach ▁( over ▁seven ▁years ) ▁to ▁find ▁that ▁de ment ias ▁associated ▁with ▁ant ich ol iner g ics ▁may ▁not ▁be ▁revers ible ▁even ▁years ▁after ▁drug ▁use ▁stops . ▁Ant ich ol iner g ic ▁dru gs ▁block ▁the ▁action ▁of ▁ac et yl ch oline , ▁which ▁transm its ▁messages ▁in ▁the ▁nerv ous ▁system . ▁In ▁the ▁brain , ▁ac et yl ch oline ▁is ▁involved ▁in ▁learning ▁and ▁memory . ▁ ▁Dis continu ation ▁Ant ide press ants ▁in ▁general ▁may ▁produce ▁a ▁withdraw al . ▁However , ▁since ▁the ▁term ▁" with draw al " ▁has ▁been ▁linked ▁to ▁add iction ▁to ▁recre ational ▁dru gs ▁like ▁op io ids , ▁the ▁medical ▁profession ▁and ▁ph arma ce ut ical ▁public ▁relations ▁prefer ▁that ▁a ▁different ▁term ▁be ▁used , ▁hence ▁" dis continu ation ▁synd |
rome ." ▁Dis continu ation ▁sympt oms ▁can ▁be ▁managed ▁by ▁a ▁grad ual ▁reduction ▁in ▁dos age ▁over ▁a ▁period ▁of ▁weeks ▁or ▁months ▁to ▁minim ise ▁sympt oms . ▁In ▁tr icy clic s , ▁dis continu ation ▁synd rome ▁sympt oms ▁include ▁anx iety , ▁ins om nia , ▁head ache , ▁n ause a , ▁m ala ise , ▁or ▁motor ▁disturb ance . ▁ ▁Over d ose ▁ ▁T CA ▁over d ose ▁is ▁a ▁significant ▁cause ▁of ▁fatal ▁drug ▁poison ing . ▁The ▁severe ▁mor bid ity ▁and ▁mort ality ▁associated ▁with ▁these ▁dru gs ▁is ▁well ▁documented ▁due ▁to ▁their ▁card i ov asc ular ▁and ▁ne uro log ical ▁to x icity . ▁Additionally , ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁serious ▁problem ▁in ▁the ▁ped iat ric ▁population ▁due ▁to ▁their ▁inher ent ▁to x icity ▁and ▁the ▁avail ability ▁of ▁these ▁in ▁the ▁home ▁when ▁pres cribed ▁for ▁bed - w et ting ▁and ▁de pression . ▁In ▁the ▁event ▁of ▁a ▁known ▁or ▁sus pected ▁over d ose , ▁medical ▁assistance ▁should ▁be ▁sought ▁immediately . ▁ ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁treat ments ▁are ▁effective ▁in ▁a ▁T CA ▁over d ose . ▁ ▁An ▁over d ose ▁on ▁T CA ▁is ▁especially ▁fatal ▁as ▁it ▁is ▁rapidly ▁absor bed ▁from ▁the ▁G I ▁tract ▁in ▁the ▁al kal ine ▁conditions ▁of ▁the ▁small ▁int est ines . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁to x icity ▁often ▁becomes ▁apparent ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁hour ▁after ▁an ▁over d |
ose . ▁However , ▁sympt oms ▁may ▁take ▁several ▁hours ▁to ▁appear ▁if ▁a ▁mixed ▁over d ose ▁has ▁caused ▁delayed ▁g astr ic ▁empty ing . ▁ ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁initial ▁signs ▁are ▁those ▁associated ▁to ▁the ▁ant ich ol iner g ic ▁effects ▁of ▁T C As ▁such ▁as ▁dry ▁mouth , ▁bl ur red ▁vision , ▁ur inary ▁ret ention , ▁const ip ation , ▁d izz iness , ▁and ▁em esis ▁( or ▁vom iting ). ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁location ▁of ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁re cept ors ▁all ▁over ▁the ▁body , ▁many ▁physical ▁signs ▁are ▁also ▁associated ▁with ▁a ▁T CA ▁over d ose : ▁▁ ▁Ant ich ol iner g ic ▁effects : ▁alter ed ▁mental ▁status ▁( e . g ., ▁ag itation , ▁confusion , ▁le th arg y , ▁etc .), ▁rest ing ▁sin us ▁t ach y card ia , ▁dry ▁mouth , ▁my d rias is ▁( p up il ▁d ilation ), ▁fe ver ▁ ▁Card iac ▁effects : ▁hy pert ension ▁( ear ly ▁and ▁trans ient , ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁treated ), ▁t ach y card ia , ▁orth ost asis ▁and ▁hyp ot ension , ▁arr h yth mi as ▁( including ▁vent ric ular ▁t ach y card ia ▁and ▁vent ric ular ▁f ibr ill ation , ▁most ▁serious ▁consequence ) ▁/ ▁E CG ▁changes ▁( pro long ed ▁Q RS , ▁Q T , ▁and ▁PR ▁intervals ) ▁ ▁C NS ▁effects : |
▁syn cope , ▁se iz ure , ▁com a , ▁my oc lon us , ▁hyper ref lex ia ▁ ▁Pul mon ary ▁effects : ▁hyp ov ent ilation ▁resulting ▁from ▁C NS ▁de pression ▁ ▁Gast ro int est inal ▁effects : ▁decre ased ▁or ▁absent ▁bow el ▁sounds ▁ ▁Tre at ment ▁of ▁T CA ▁over d ose ▁depends ▁on ▁sever ity ▁of ▁sympt oms : ▁ ▁Initial ly , ▁g astr ic ▁de cont am ination ▁of ▁the ▁patient ▁is ▁achieved ▁by ▁admin ister ing , ▁either ▁or ally ▁or ▁via ▁a ▁nas og astr ic ▁t ube , ▁activ ated ▁char co al ▁pre - m ixed ▁with ▁water , ▁which ▁ad s or bs ▁the ▁drug ▁in ▁the ▁g astro int est inal ▁tract ▁( most ▁useful ▁if ▁given ▁within ▁ 2 ▁hours ▁of ▁drug ▁ing estion ). ▁Other ▁de cont am ination ▁methods ▁such ▁as ▁st om ach ▁p umps , ▁g astr ic ▁lav age , ▁whole ▁bow el ▁ir rig ation , ▁or ▁( i pec ac ▁induced ) ▁em esis , ▁are ▁not ▁recommended ▁in ▁T CA ▁poison ing . ▁ ▁If ▁there ▁is ▁met abol ic ▁ac idos is , ▁int ra ven ous ▁inf usion ▁of ▁sod ium ▁b ic ar bon ate ▁is ▁recommended ▁by ▁To x base . org , ▁the ▁UK ▁and ▁Ireland ▁po isons ▁advice ▁database ▁( TC As ▁are ▁protein ▁bound ▁and ▁become ▁less ▁bound ▁in ▁more ▁acid ic ▁conditions , ▁so ▁by ▁revers ing ▁the |
▁ac idos is , ▁protein ▁binding ▁increases ▁and ▁bio av ail ability ▁thus ▁decre ases ▁– ▁the ▁sod ium ▁load ▁may ▁also ▁help ▁to ▁reverse ▁the ▁Na + ▁channel ▁blocking ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁T CA ). ▁ ▁Inter actions ▁The ▁T C As ▁are ▁highly ▁met abol ised ▁by ▁the ▁cy to chrome ▁P 4 5 0 ▁( C Y P ) ▁he p atic ▁en zym es . ▁Dru gs ▁that ▁in hib it ▁cy to chrome ▁P 4 5 0 ▁( for ▁example ▁c imet id ine , ▁m eth yl phen id ate , ▁flu ox et ine , ▁anti ps ych ot ics , ▁and ▁calci um ▁channel ▁block ers ) ▁may ▁produce ▁decre ases ▁in ▁the ▁T C As ' ▁met abol ism , ▁leading ▁to ▁increases ▁in ▁their ▁blood ▁concentr ations ▁and ▁accomp any ing ▁to x icity . ▁The ▁major ▁factor ▁that ▁distingu ishes ▁SS RI ' s ▁amongst ▁one ▁another ▁is ▁the ▁in hib ition ▁of ▁select ▁C Y P ▁en zym es ▁. ▁ ▁Dru gs ▁that ▁prolong ▁the ▁Q T ▁interval ▁including ▁anti arr h ythm ics ▁such ▁as ▁qu in id ine , ▁the ▁anti h ist am ines ▁ast em iz ole ▁and ▁ter fen ad ine , ▁and ▁some ▁anti ps ych ot ics ▁may ▁increase ▁the ▁chance ▁of ▁vent ric ular ▁d ys rh yth mi as . ▁T C As ▁may ▁enh ance ▁the ▁response ▁to ▁alco hol ▁and ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁bar bit ur ates ▁and ▁other |
▁C NS ▁de press ants . ▁Side ▁effects ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁en hanced ▁by ▁other ▁dru gs ▁that ▁have ▁ant im us car in ic ▁properties . ▁ ▁Ph arm ac ology ▁The ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁T C As ▁act ▁primarily ▁as ▁S NR Is ▁by ▁blocking ▁the ▁ser ot on in ▁trans porter ▁( SERT ) ▁and ▁the ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁trans porter ▁( NET ), ▁which ▁results ▁in ▁an ▁elev ation ▁of ▁the ▁syn apt ic ▁concentr ations ▁of ▁these ▁ne uro trans mit ters , ▁and ▁therefore ▁an ▁enh ancement ▁of ▁ne uro trans mission . ▁Not ably , ▁with ▁the ▁sole ▁exception ▁of ▁am ine pt ine , ▁the ▁T C As ▁have ▁neg lig ible ▁aff inity ▁for ▁the ▁dop am ine ▁trans porter ▁( DAT ), ▁and ▁therefore ▁have ▁no ▁effic acy ▁as ▁dop am ine ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itors ▁( DR Is ). ▁Both ▁ser ot on in ▁and ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁have ▁been ▁highly ▁imp licated ▁in ▁de pression ▁and ▁anx iety , ▁and ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁shown ▁that ▁facil itation ▁of ▁their ▁activity ▁has ▁benef icial ▁effects ▁on ▁these ▁mental ▁dis orders . ▁ ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁their ▁re upt ake ▁in hib ition , ▁many ▁T C As ▁also ▁have ▁high ▁aff inity ▁as ▁ant agon ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 5 - HT 2 ▁( 5 - HT 2 A ▁and ▁ 5 - HT 2 C ), ▁ 5 - HT 6 , ▁ 5 - |
HT 7 , ▁α 1 - adr ener g ic , ▁and ▁N MD A ▁re cept ors , ▁and ▁as ▁ag on ists ▁at ▁the ▁s igma ▁re cept ors ▁( σ 1 ▁and ▁ σ 2 ), ▁some ▁of ▁which ▁may ▁contribute ▁to ▁their ▁th era pe ut ic ▁effic acy , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁their ▁side ▁effects . ▁The ▁T C As ▁also ▁have ▁varying ▁but ▁typically ▁high ▁aff inity ▁for ▁ant agon ising ▁the ▁H 1 ▁and ▁H 2 ▁hist am ine ▁re cept ors , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁mus car in ic ▁ac et yl ch oline ▁re cept ors . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁they ▁also ▁act ▁as ▁pot ent ▁anti h ist am ines ▁and ▁ant ich ol iner g ics . ▁These ▁properties ▁are ▁often ▁benef icial ▁in ▁ant ide press ants , ▁especially ▁with ▁com orb id ▁anx iety , ▁as ▁it ▁provides ▁a ▁sed ative ▁effect . ▁ ▁Most , ▁if ▁not ▁all , ▁of ▁the ▁T C As ▁also ▁pot ently ▁in hib it ▁sod ium ▁channels ▁and ▁L - type ▁calci um ▁channels , ▁and ▁therefore ▁act ▁as ▁sod ium ▁channel ▁block ers ▁and ▁calci um ▁channel ▁block ers , ▁respectively . ▁The ▁former ▁property ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁high ▁mort ality ▁rate ▁upon ▁over d ose ▁seen ▁with ▁the ▁T C As ▁via ▁card iot ox icity . ▁It ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁involved ▁in ▁their ▁effic acy ▁as ▁anal ges ics , ▁however . ▁ ▁In ▁summary , ▁tr |
icy clic ▁ant ide press ants ▁can ▁act ▁through ▁N MD A ▁ant agon ism , ▁op io ider g ic ▁effects , ▁sod ium , ▁pot ass ium ▁and ▁calci um ▁channel ▁blocking , ▁through ▁inter fer ing ▁with ▁the ▁re upt ake ▁of ▁ser ot on in ▁and ▁acting ▁as ▁ant agon ists ▁to ▁SH AM ▁( ser ot on in , ▁hist am ine , ▁alpha , ▁mus car in ic ) ▁re cept ors . ▁Thus ▁their ▁dangerous ▁side ▁effect ▁profile ▁limits ▁their ▁use ▁in ▁daily ▁practice . ▁ ▁Binding ▁profiles ▁ ▁The ▁binding ▁profiles ▁of ▁various ▁T C As ▁and ▁some ▁met abol ites ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁their ▁aff in ities ▁( , ▁) ▁for ▁various ▁re cept ors ▁and ▁trans por ters ▁are ▁as ▁follows : ▁ ▁With ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁the ▁s igma ▁re cept ors , ▁the ▁T C As ▁act ▁as ▁ant agon ists ▁or ▁inverse ▁ag on ists ▁of ▁the ▁re cept ors ▁and ▁as ▁in hib itors ▁of ▁the ▁trans por ters . ▁T iane pt ine ▁is ▁included ▁in ▁this ▁list ▁due ▁to ▁it ▁techn ically ▁being ▁a ▁T CA , ▁but ▁with ▁a ▁vast ly ▁different ▁ph arm ac ology . ▁ ▁Th era pe ut ic ▁levels ▁of ▁T C As ▁are ▁generally ▁in ▁the ▁range ▁of ▁about ▁ 1 0 0 ▁to ▁ 3 0 0 ng / m L , ▁or ▁ 3 5 0 ▁to ▁ 1 , 1 0 0 n M |
. ▁Pl asma ▁protein ▁binding ▁is ▁generally ▁ 9 0 % ▁or ▁greater . ▁ ▁Chem istry ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁major ▁groups ▁of ▁T C As ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁chemical ▁structure , ▁which ▁most , ▁but ▁not ▁all , ▁T C As ▁fall ▁into . ▁The ▁group ings ▁are ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁tr icy clic ▁ring ▁system . ▁They ▁are ▁the ▁di ben z az ep ines ▁( imi pr am ine , ▁des i pr am ine , ▁cl omi pr am ine , ▁tr imi pr am ine , ▁lo fe pr am ine ) ▁and ▁the ▁di ben z oc yc lo he pt ad ien es ▁( am it ri pty line , ▁n ort ri pty line , ▁pro tri pty line , ▁but ri pty line ). ▁Minor ▁T CA ▁groups ▁based ▁on ▁ring ▁system ▁include ▁the ▁di ben z ox ep ins ▁( do x ep in ), ▁the ▁di ben z oth ie p ines ▁( d os ule pin ), ▁and ▁the ▁di ben z ox az ep ines ▁( am ox ap ine ). ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁classification ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁ring ▁system , ▁T C As ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁use fully ▁grouped ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁substitution s ▁of ▁the ▁side ▁chain ▁am ine . ▁These ▁groups ▁include ▁the ▁t ert i ary ▁am ines ▁( imi pr am ine , ▁cl omi pr am ine , ▁tr imi pr am ine , ▁am it ri pty line , ▁but ri |
pty line , ▁do x ep in , ▁dos ule pin ) ▁and ▁the ▁secondary ▁am ines ▁( des i pr am ine , ▁n ort ri pty line , ▁pro tri pty line ). ▁L of e pr am ine ▁is ▁techn ically ▁a ▁t ert i ary ▁am ine , ▁but ▁acts ▁largely ▁as ▁a ▁prod rug ▁of ▁des i pr am ine , ▁a ▁secondary ▁am ine , ▁and ▁hence ▁is ▁more ▁similar ▁in ▁profile ▁to ▁the ▁secondary ▁am ines ▁than ▁to ▁the ▁t ert i ary ▁am ines . ▁Am ox ap ine ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁the ▁T CA ▁side ▁chain ▁and ▁hence ▁is ▁neither ▁a ▁t ert i ary ▁nor ▁secondary ▁am ine , ▁although ▁it ▁is ▁often ▁grouped ▁with ▁the ▁secondary ▁am ines ▁due ▁to ▁sharing ▁more ▁in ▁common ▁with ▁them . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁T C As ▁were ▁developed ▁amid ▁the ▁" expl os ive ▁birth " ▁of ▁psych oph arm ac ology ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 5 0 s . ▁The ▁story ▁begins ▁with ▁the ▁synth esis ▁of ▁ch lor prom azine ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁by ▁Rh ône - P ou len c ' s ▁chief ▁chem ist , ▁Paul ▁Char pent ier , ▁from ▁synth etic ▁anti h ist am ines ▁developed ▁by ▁Rh ône - P ou len c ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 0 s . ▁Its ▁psych iat ric ▁effects ▁were ▁first ▁noticed ▁at ▁a ▁hospital ▁in ▁Paris ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 2 |
. ▁The ▁first ▁widely ▁used ▁psych iat ric ▁drug , ▁by ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁it ▁was ▁already ▁generating ▁significant ▁re venue ▁as ▁an ▁anti ps ych otic . ▁Research ▁chem ists ▁quickly ▁began ▁to ▁explore ▁other ▁derivatives ▁of ▁ch lor prom azine . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁T CA ▁reported ▁for ▁the ▁treatment ▁of ▁de pression ▁was ▁im i pr am ine , ▁a ▁di ben z az ep ine ▁analog ue ▁of ▁ch lor prom azine ▁code - named ▁G 2 2 3 5 5 . ▁It ▁was ▁not ▁originally ▁target ed ▁for ▁the ▁treatment ▁of ▁de pression . ▁The ▁drug ' s ▁t endency ▁to ▁indu ce ▁man ic ▁effects ▁was ▁" l ater ▁described ▁as ▁' in ▁some ▁patients , ▁quite ▁dis astr ous ' ". ▁The ▁par ado x ical ▁observation ▁of ▁a ▁sed ative ▁indu cing ▁man ia ▁led ▁to ▁testing ▁with ▁de pressed ▁patients . ▁The ▁first ▁trial ▁of ▁im i pr am ine ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁report ▁of ▁ant ide press ant ▁effects ▁was ▁published ▁by ▁Swiss ▁psych iat rist ▁Roland ▁Ku hn ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 7 . ▁Some ▁testing ▁of ▁Ge ig y ' s ▁im i pr am ine , ▁then ▁known ▁as ▁T of ran il , ▁took ▁place ▁at ▁the ▁Mün ster lingen ▁Hospital ▁near ▁Konst anz . ▁Ge ig y ▁later ▁became ▁C iba - Ge ig y ▁and ▁eventually ▁Nov art is . ▁ ▁D ib enz az ep |
ine ▁derivatives ▁are ▁described ▁in ▁U . S . ▁pat ent ▁ 3 , 0 7 4 , 9 3 1 ▁issued ▁ 1 9 6 3 - 0 1 - 2 2 ▁by ▁assignment ▁to ▁Smith ▁K line ▁& ▁French ▁Labor ator ies . ▁The ▁comp ounds ▁described ▁share ▁a ▁tr icy clic ▁back bone ▁different ▁from ▁the ▁back bone ▁of ▁the ▁T CA ▁am it ri pty line . ▁ ▁Mer ck ▁introduced ▁the ▁second ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁T CA ▁family , ▁am it ri pty line ▁( E lav il ), ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 . ▁This ▁comp ound ▁has ▁a ▁different ▁three - ring ▁structure ▁than ▁im i pr am ine . ▁ ▁Society ▁and ▁culture ▁ ▁Rec re ational ▁use ▁A ▁very ▁small ▁number ▁of ▁cases ▁involving ▁non - med ical ▁use ▁of ▁ant ide press ants ▁have ▁been ▁reported ▁over ▁the ▁past ▁ 3 0 ▁years . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁US ▁government ▁classification ▁of ▁psych iat ric ▁medic ations , ▁T C As ▁are ▁" non - ab usable " ▁and ▁generally ▁have ▁low ▁ab use ▁potential . ▁Non eth eless ▁due ▁to ▁their ▁at yp ical ▁MO A , ▁am ine pt ine ▁and ▁t iane pt ine ▁( d op am ine ▁re upt ake ▁in hib ition ▁and ▁ μ - op io id ▁re ceptor ▁ag on ism , ▁respectively ) ▁are ▁the ▁two ▁T C As ▁with ▁the ▁highest ▁add iction ▁and ▁ab use ▁potential . ▁Despite ▁t iane pt |
ine ’ s ▁recre ational ▁value , ▁many ▁people ▁use ▁it ▁as ▁a ▁no otrop ic ▁and ▁follow ▁other ▁countries ’ ▁usage ▁gu idel ines , ▁such ▁as ▁France , ▁as ▁a ▁way ▁to ▁treat ▁their ▁de pression ▁if ▁other ▁ant ide press ants ▁don ’ t ▁work . ▁Their ▁pres cription ▁gu idel ines ▁are ▁ 1 2 . 5 ▁m g ▁three ▁times ▁a ▁day , ▁and ▁not ▁to ▁exceed ▁ 5 0 ▁m g ▁in ▁one ▁day . ▁T iane pt ine ▁has ▁no ▁recre ational ▁value ▁when ▁taken ▁at ▁that ▁dos age ▁and ▁kept ▁under ▁ 5 0 ▁m g ▁a ▁day . ▁Many ▁people ▁report ▁that ▁t iane pt ine ▁has ▁treated ▁their ▁de pression ▁when ▁SS RI ’ s ▁or ▁SN RI ’ s ▁haven ’ t . ▁Several ▁cases ▁of ▁the ▁mis use ▁of ▁am it ri pty line ▁alone ▁or ▁together ▁with ▁m eth ad one ▁or ▁in ▁other ▁drug ▁dependent ▁patients ▁and ▁of ▁dos ule pin ▁with ▁alco hol ▁or ▁in ▁m eth ad one ▁patients ▁have ▁been ▁reported . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁T C As ▁Those ▁that ▁prefer entially ▁in hib it ▁the ▁re upt ake ▁of ▁ser ot on in ▁( by ▁at ▁least ▁ 1 0 - fold ▁over ▁n ore pine phr ine ) ▁include : ▁▁ ▁But ri pty line † ▁( E v ady ne ) ▁( rel atively ▁weak ▁ser ot on in ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itor ) ▁ ▁Cl omi pr am ine ▁( |
A na fran il ) ▁ ▁Im i pr am ine ▁( T of ran il , ▁Jan im ine , ▁Pr amin il ) ▁ ▁Tr imi pr am ine ▁( Sur mont il ) ▁( rel atively ▁weak ▁ser ot on in ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itor ) ▁ ▁Those ▁that ▁prefer entially ▁in hib it ▁the ▁re upt ake ▁of ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁( by ▁at ▁least ▁ 1 0 - fold ▁over ▁ser ot on in ) ▁include : ▁▁ ▁Des i pr am ine ▁( N or pr amin , ▁Per to f rane ) ▁ ▁D ib enze pin ‡ ▁( N over il , ▁Victor il ) ▁ ▁L of e pr am ine § ▁( L om ont , ▁G aman il ) ▁ ▁Map ro til ine ▁( L udi om il ) ▁– ▁can ▁be ▁class ed ▁with ▁the ▁T C As ▁though ▁more ▁frequently ▁class ed ▁with ▁the ▁Te C As ▁ ▁N ort ri pty line ▁( P am elor , ▁A vent yl , ▁Nor press ) ▁ ▁Pro tri pty line ▁( V iv act il ) ▁ ▁Where as ▁either ▁fairly ▁bal anced ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itors ▁of ▁ser ot on in ▁and ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁or ▁un spec ified ▁in hib itors ▁include : ▁▁ ▁Am it ri pty line ▁( E lav il , ▁End ep ) ▁ ▁Am it ri pty l ino x ide ▁( Am io |
x id , ▁Amb ival on , ▁Equ il ibr in ) ▁ ▁Am ox ap ine ▁( As end in ) ▁– ▁can ▁be ▁class ed ▁with ▁the ▁Te C As ▁but ▁more ▁frequently ▁class ed ▁with ▁the ▁T C As ▁ ▁Dem ex ipt il ine † ▁( De par on , ▁T in or an ) ▁ ▁Dim et ac r ine † ▁( I ston il , ▁Ist ony l , ▁M iro ist on il ) ▁ ▁D os ule pin § ▁( Pro th i aden ) ▁ ▁Do x ep in ▁( Ad ap in , ▁S ine qu an ) ▁ ▁Fl ua ci z ine † ▁( P ht or az is in ) ▁ ▁Im i pr am ino x ide † ▁( Im ip re x , ▁Ele ps in ) ▁ ▁Mel it rac en § ▁( De an x it , ▁D ix er an , ▁Mel ix er an , ▁Tra us ab un ) ▁ ▁Met ap ram ine † ▁( Tim ax el ) ▁ ▁N it ro x az ep ine ‡ ▁( S int amil ) ▁ ▁No xi pt il ine ‡ ▁( A ged al , ▁El ron on , ▁N og ed al ) ▁ ▁P ip of ez ine ‡ ▁( A za fen / Az ap hen ) ▁ ▁Prop ize pine † ▁( De press in , ▁V ag ran ) ▁ ▁Qu inu pr am ine † ▁( |
K ev op ril , ▁K inu pril , ▁A de prim , ▁Qu inu pr ine ) ▁ ▁And ▁the ▁following ▁are ▁T C As ▁that ▁act ▁via ▁main ▁mechan isms ▁other ▁than ▁ser ot on in ▁or ▁n ore pine phr ine ▁re upt ake ▁in hib ition : ▁▁ ▁Am ine pt ine ‡ ▁( Sur vector , ▁M ane on , ▁Direct im ) ▁– ▁n ore pine phr ine – d op am ine ▁re upt ake ▁in hib itor ▁ ▁I pr ind ole † ▁( Pr ond ol , ▁Gal atur , ▁T et ran ) ▁– ▁ 5 - HT 2 ▁re ceptor ▁ant agon ist ▁ ▁O pi pr am ol ‡ ▁( In s id on , ▁Pr am olan , ▁Ens id on , ▁O prim ol ) ▁– ▁ σ ▁re ceptor ▁ag on ist ▁ ▁T iane pt ine § ▁( St abl on , ▁Co ax il , ▁T atin ol ) ▁– ▁at yp ical ▁ μ - op io id ▁re ceptor ▁ag on ist ▁ ▁M irt az ap ine ▁ ▁Leg end : ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Ch em ical ▁classes ▁of ▁ps y cho active ▁dru gs <0x0A> </s> ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁song ▁by ▁Australian - New ▁Zealand ▁rock ▁band ▁Crow ded ▁House . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁second ▁single ▁from ▁the ▁group ' s ▁debut ▁album |
▁Crow ded ▁House . ▁Though ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁second ▁single , ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁intern ation ally ▁released ▁single , ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁single ▁" Me an ▁to ▁Me " ▁was ▁only ▁released ▁in ▁Australia . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁a ▁month ▁before ▁the ▁album ▁Crow ded ▁House ▁was ▁released . ▁ ▁The ▁song ▁later ▁appeared ▁on ▁Crow ded ▁House ' s ▁greatest ▁hits ▁compilation ▁Rec urr ing ▁Dream ▁and ▁was ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁group ' s ▁fare well ▁concert ▁F are well ▁to ▁the ▁World . ▁ ▁Chart ▁performance ▁Despite ▁having ▁a ▁broad , ▁international ▁release ▁in ▁various ▁formats , ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁only ▁chart ed ▁in ▁Australia ▁and ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁reaching ▁# 4 3 ▁in ▁the ▁A RI A ▁Singles ▁Chart ▁and ▁# 6 5 ▁in ▁the ▁Billboard ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁ ▁Music ▁video ▁The ▁music ▁video ▁for ▁the ▁song ▁shows ▁Neil ▁Finn ▁holding ▁a ▁flying ▁doll house ▁in ▁his ▁hands , ▁and ▁then ▁letting ▁it ▁go ▁as ▁he ▁s ings ▁the ▁lyr ics ▁while ▁an ▁o vers ized ▁doll house ▁comes ▁into ▁view . ▁The ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁band ▁comes ▁into ▁the ▁house , ▁and ▁then ▁the ▁whole ▁band ▁starts ▁performing ▁in ▁a ▁room ▁inside ▁the ▁house . ▁One ▁scene ▁shows ▁Neil ▁turning ▁a ▁page ▁in ▁a ▁book ▁containing ▁maps ▁of ▁his ▁home ▁country , ▁New ▁Zealand , ▁while ▁experiment ing ▁with ▁more ▁doll h ouses . ▁Another ▁scene ▁shows ▁the |
▁band ▁coming ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁house ▁while ▁a ▁party ▁is ▁going ▁on , ▁and ▁the ▁very ▁last ▁scene ▁shows ▁the ▁empty ▁room ▁in ▁the ▁house , ▁indicating ▁the ▁band ▁has ▁left , ▁except ▁that ▁a ▁ch and el ier ▁is ▁d ang ling ▁back ▁and ▁forth ▁and ▁Paul ▁H ester ' s ▁drums ▁are ▁still ▁left ▁in ▁the ▁room ▁before ▁the ▁video ▁f ades ▁to ▁black . ▁ ▁Track ▁list ings ▁All ▁songs ▁by ▁Neil ▁Finn ▁except ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str ong " ▁by ▁Finn ▁and ▁Mitchell ▁F room ▁and ▁" That ' s ▁What ▁I ▁Call ▁Love " ▁by ▁Paul ▁H ester ▁and ▁Finn . ▁Tra cks ▁on ▁vin yl ▁singles ▁are ▁all ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁" C row ded ▁House " ▁album , ▁except ▁the ▁extended ▁Version ▁of ▁" World ▁where ▁you ▁live ", ▁On ▁all ▁formats ▁" That ' s ▁what ▁I ▁Call ▁love " ▁is ▁ 4 : 2 2 , ▁but ▁the ▁actual ▁tracks ▁are ▁ 3 : 3 9 . ▁ ▁Australian ▁ 7 " ▁vin yl ▁Catalogue ▁no : ▁Capit ol ▁/ ▁CP ▁ 1 7 6 9 . ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁- ▁ 3 : 0 7 ▁" H ole ▁In ▁The ▁River " ▁- ▁ 4 : 0 2 ▁ ▁UK ▁ 7 " ▁vin yl ▁Catalogue ▁no : ▁Capit ol ▁/ ▁CL ▁ 4 1 6 . ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁- ▁ 3 : 0 7 ▁" That ' s ▁What ▁I ▁Call ▁Love " ▁- ▁ |
3 : 3 9 ▁ ▁UK ▁ 1 2 " ▁vin yl ▁Catalogue ▁no : ▁Capit ol ▁/ ▁ 1 2 ▁CL ▁ 4 1 6 . ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁( ext ended ▁version ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 3 6 ▁" Can ' t ▁Car ry ▁On " ▁- ▁ 3 : 5 7 ▁" That ' s ▁What ▁I ▁Call ▁Love " ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 9 ▁ ▁UK ▁CD ▁single ▁Catalogue ▁no : ▁Capit ol ▁/ ▁CD CL ▁ 4 1 6 . ▁Also ▁available ▁on ▁MC ▁( Cap it ol / ▁T C ▁CL ▁ 4 1 6 ). ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁( ext ended ▁version ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 3 6 ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str ong " ▁- ▁ 2 : 5 1 ▁" Don ' t ▁Dream ▁It ' s ▁Over " ▁- ▁ 4 : 0 3 ▁" That ' s ▁What ▁I ▁Call ▁Love " ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 9 ▁ ▁US ▁ 1 2 " ▁vin yl ▁Catalogue ▁no : ▁Capit ol ▁/ ▁S PRO - 9 6 9 3 / 9 6 9 4 . ▁Prom ot ional ▁release . ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁- ▁ 3 : 0 7 ▁" Me an ▁to ▁Me " ▁- ▁ 3 : 1 5 ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str ong " ▁- ▁ 2 : 5 1 ▁ ▁US ▁Prom ot ional ▁CD ▁single C atalog ue ▁no : ▁Capit ol ▁/ ▁D PRO ▁ |
7 9 0 7 0 . ▁US ▁Prom ot ional ▁CD ▁single . '' ▁Track ▁ 2 ▁recorded ▁at ▁Wolfgang ' s , ▁San ▁Francisco , ▁CA , ▁ 9 ▁April ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁Track ▁ 3 ▁recorded ▁at ▁The ▁Tro c ad ero , ▁Philadelphia , ▁PA , ▁ 2 4 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁Track ▁ 4 ▁recorded ▁at ▁The ▁Ro xy , ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁CA , ▁ 2 6 ▁February ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁The ▁" single ▁version " ▁of ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁is ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁album ▁version ▁at ▁ 3 : 0 7 . ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁( live ) ▁is ▁unique ▁to ▁this ▁release , ▁where ▁both ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str ong " ▁and ▁" Don ' t ▁Dream ▁It ' s ▁Over " ▁will ▁see ▁official ▁releases ▁on ▁singles ▁to ▁come . ▁On ▁a ▁general ▁note ; ▁there ▁are ▁several ▁mix - ups ▁of ▁dates ▁claim ing ▁" Don ' t ▁Dream ▁It ' s ▁Over " ▁to ▁be ▁from ▁ 2 4 / 3 / 1 9 8 7 ▁and ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str ong " ▁to ▁be ▁from ▁ 2 6 / 2 / 1 9 8 7 . ▁All ▁" versions " ▁in ▁the ▁ 5 : 5 5 ▁range ▁of ▁" Don ' t ▁Dream ▁It ' s ▁Over " ▁are ▁from ▁ 2 6 / 2 / 1 9 8 7 ▁and ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str |
ong " ▁from ▁ 2 4 / 3 / 1 9 8 7 . ▁▁ ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁( single ▁version ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 0 5 ▁ ▁" World ▁Where ▁You ▁Live " ▁( live ) ▁- ▁ 5 : 0 8 ▁ ▁" Something ▁So ▁Str ong " ▁( live ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 0 2 ▁ ▁" Don ' t ▁Dream ▁It ' s ▁Over " ▁( live ) ▁- ▁ 5 : 5 3 ▁ ▁Release ▁history ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : C row ded ▁House ▁songs ▁Category : 1 9 8 6 ▁singles ▁Category : S ongs ▁written ▁by ▁Neil ▁Finn ▁Category : S ong ▁record ings ▁produced ▁by ▁Mitchell ▁F room ▁Category : 1 9 8 6 ▁songs ▁Category : Cap it ol ▁Records ▁singles <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁K eb bi ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology ▁( K SU ST A ) ▁is ▁a ▁state - owned ▁university ▁in ▁Ali ero , ▁K eb bi ▁State , ▁Niger ia . ▁K SU ST A ▁offers ▁program mes ▁in ▁agricult ure ▁and ▁sciences , ▁among ▁others . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁ 7 9 th ▁university ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁K eb bi ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Univers ities ▁and ▁colleg es ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁Category : K eb bi ▁State ▁Category : E ducation ▁in ▁Niger ia ▁Category |
: E du c ational ▁institutions ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁Category : 2 0 0 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Niger ia <0x0A> </s> ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music ▁Pres ents ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁is ▁the ▁sevent h ▁sound track ▁album ▁by ▁the ▁cast ▁of ▁G lee , ▁a ▁musical ▁comedy - d rama ▁television ▁series ▁that ▁air s ▁on ▁Fox ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁Re leased ▁through ▁Columbia ▁Records ▁on ▁April 1 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁it ▁contains ▁th ir teen ▁covers : ▁eleven ▁accomp any ing ▁performances ▁from ▁the ▁series ' ▁second ▁season ▁and ▁two ▁exclusive ▁to ▁the ▁album . ▁Perform ers ▁are ▁port rayed ▁on ▁G lee ▁as ▁the ▁fict ional ▁Dal ton ▁Academy ▁War bl ers , ▁an ▁all - male ▁high ▁school ▁g lee ▁club ▁from ▁West er ville , ▁Ohio . ▁Dar ren ▁Cr iss ▁serves ▁as ▁lead ▁vocal ist , ▁with ▁Chris ▁Col fer ▁singing ▁lead ▁on ▁one ▁track ▁and ▁co - le ad ▁on ▁a ▁couple ▁of ▁others , ▁while ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs , ▁an ▁all - male ▁a ▁c app ella ▁group ▁from ▁Tu ft s ▁University , ▁provide ▁background ▁vocals . ▁D ante ▁Di ▁Lor eto ▁and ▁Brad ▁Fal ch uk ▁serve ▁as ▁the ▁album ' s ▁executive ▁produ cers , ▁and ▁its ▁tracks ▁have ▁collect ively ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 . 3 ▁million ▁copies . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁The ▁Dal ton ▁Academy ▁War bl ers , ▁an ▁a ▁c app |
ella ▁g lee ▁club ▁from ▁a ▁fict ional ▁private ▁school ▁in ▁West er ville , ▁Ohio , ▁were ▁first ▁introduced ▁in ▁the ▁episode ▁" N ever ▁Be en ▁K iss ed ". ▁The ▁episode ▁also ▁introduced ▁rec urr ing ▁guest ▁star ▁Dar ren ▁Cr iss ▁as ▁Bla ine ▁Anderson , ▁lead ▁singer ▁and ▁junior ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁group . ▁Perform ing ▁a ▁cover ▁version ▁of ▁K aty ▁Perry ' s ▁" Te en age ▁Dream ", ▁actors ▁for ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁lip ▁syn ced ▁to ▁background ▁vocals ▁provided ▁by ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs , ▁an ▁all - male ▁a ▁c app ella ▁group ▁from ▁Tu ft s ▁University ▁in ▁Som er ville , ▁Massachusetts . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs ' ▁president ▁Eli ▁Se id man , ▁the ▁produ cers ▁of ▁G lee ▁were ▁considering ▁having ▁the ▁sing ers ▁appear ▁on ▁the ▁series , ▁but ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁having ▁students ▁flow n ▁across ▁the ▁continent ▁to ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California ▁proved ▁too ▁log ist ically ▁un real istic . ▁Kurt ▁Hum mel , ▁port rayed ▁by ▁series ▁regular ▁Chris ▁Col fer , ▁en roll s ▁in ▁Dal ton ▁Academy ▁in ▁the ▁episode ▁" Special ▁Education " ▁and ▁joins ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁in ▁performances , ▁starting ▁as ▁a ▁background ▁singer ▁with ▁Train ' s ▁" H ey , ▁Soul ▁Sister ". ▁Kurt ▁later ▁du ets ▁with ▁Bla ine ▁on ▁Ne on ▁Tre es ' ▁" An imal " ▁and ▁Hey ▁Monday ' s ▁" C and les |
". ▁Song ▁arrang ements ▁were ▁done ▁by ▁Be el z eb ubs ▁al umn us ▁Ed ▁Bo yer , ▁and ▁vocals ▁for ▁all ▁songs ▁were ▁recorded ▁at ▁Q ▁Division ▁Studios ▁in ▁Som er ville , ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁" Te en age ▁Dream ", ▁which ▁was ▁done ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City . ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁announced ▁by ▁Cr iss ▁on ▁March 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁when ▁he ▁appeared ▁on ▁Live ▁with ▁Reg is ▁and ▁Kelly . ▁Its ▁title , ▁front ▁cover , ▁and ▁track ▁listing ▁were ▁revealed ▁in ▁a ▁press ▁release ▁on ▁March 2 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁its ▁release ▁date ▁of ▁April 1 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁cover ▁art ▁shows ▁the ▁War bl ers ' ▁uniform , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁log os ▁of ▁both ▁the ▁g lee ▁club ▁and ▁the ▁school . ▁Two ▁covers ▁were ▁arranged ▁and ▁released ▁by ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs ▁prior ▁to ▁their ▁invol vement ▁with ▁G lee : ▁Dest iny ' s ▁Child ' s ▁" B ills , ▁B ills , ▁B ills " ▁and ▁Robin ▁Th ic ke ' s ▁" When ▁I ▁Get ▁You ▁Al one ", ▁which ▁were ▁respectively ▁included ▁on ▁the ▁albums ▁Next ▁( 2 0 0 1 ) ▁and ▁Pan dem on ium ▁( 2 0 0 7 ). ▁Two ▁tracks ▁were ▁never ▁used ▁on ▁the ▁series , ▁and ▁are ▁exclusive ▁to ▁the ▁album : ▁a ▁cover ▁of ▁Bar |
bra ▁Stre is and ▁and ▁Barry ▁Gib b ' s ▁" What ▁Kind ▁of ▁F ool " ▁and ▁a ▁cover ▁of ▁Rod ▁Stewart ' s ▁" Da ▁Ya ▁Think ▁I ' m ▁Sex y ? ". ▁The ▁former ▁was ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Mus i C ares ▁Person ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁g ala ▁and ▁the ▁latter ▁was ▁originally ▁intended ▁to ▁appear ▁in ▁the ▁G lee ▁episode ▁" S ex y ", ▁but ▁did ▁not . ▁" Te en age ▁Dream " ▁was ▁previously ▁included ▁on ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music , ▁Volume 4 , ▁released ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁Com position ▁The ▁album ▁features ▁th ir teen ▁covers , ▁twelve ▁of ▁which ▁feature ▁a ▁c app ella ▁backing ▁from ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs . ▁The ▁other , ▁a ▁cover ▁of ▁The ▁Beat les ' ▁" Black bird ", ▁was ▁s ung ▁by ▁Col fer ▁back ed ▁by ▁other ▁background ▁vocal ists . ▁Though ▁mainly ▁pop , ▁tracks ▁also ▁fall ▁under ▁several ▁other ▁gen res , ▁including ▁rock , ▁R & B , ▁and ▁hip ▁hop , ▁and ▁are ▁sometimes ▁rein vent ed ▁when ▁re arr anged . ▁Matt ▁Dia hl ▁of ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁described ▁G lee ▁version ▁of ▁" Te en age ▁Dream " ▁as ▁" The ▁Kill ers ▁meet ▁Sig ur ▁R ós ▁meet ▁the ▁Jon as ▁Brothers ". ▁A ▁cover ▁of ▁Train ' s ▁" H ey , ▁Soul ▁Sister ", ▁which ▁Dia hl ▁noted ▁as ▁similar |
▁in ▁sound ▁to ▁a ▁Bruno ▁Mars ▁song , ▁required ▁over d ub bing ▁to ▁im itate ▁the ▁sound ▁of ▁a ▁mand olin . ▁Other ▁songs ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁also ▁took ▁advantage ▁of ▁over d ub bing ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁mult it rack ▁recording ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁sound ▁" lar ger " ▁than ▁what ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs ' ▁eleven - member ▁group ▁could ▁accomplish ▁live . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁Professional ▁critics ▁have ▁overall ▁given ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music ▁Pres ents ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁generally ▁mixed ▁reviews . ▁About . com ' s ▁Bill ▁Lamb ▁review ed ▁the ▁album ▁posit ively , ▁calling ▁it ▁" one ▁of ▁the ▁best ▁G lee ▁collections ". ▁Though ▁he ▁called ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁covers ▁" an ▁effort ▁to ▁draw ▁attention ▁with ▁a ▁current ▁pop ▁hit ", ▁he ▁app la ud ed ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁tracks , ▁i . e . ▁" C and les " ▁and ▁Ke ane ' s ▁" Some where ▁Only ▁We ▁Know ", ▁as ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁album ' s ▁top ▁tracks ▁for ▁featuring ▁songs ▁un famil iar ▁to ▁a ▁main stream ▁American ▁audience . ▁Andrew ▁Le a he y ▁of ▁All music ▁gave ▁the ▁album ▁a ▁rating ▁of ▁three ▁stars ▁out ▁of ▁a ▁possible ▁five , ▁and ▁felt ▁Col fer ' s ▁performance ▁on ▁" Black bird " ▁was ▁lack ing ▁in ▁confidence . ▁On ▁the ▁other ▁hand , ▁he ▁greatly ▁adm ired ▁Cr iss ' ▁vers at ility ▁as ▁a ▁singer ▁in ▁covering ▁songs ▁from ▁a |
▁range ▁of ▁different ▁gen res . ▁He ▁also ▁pra ised ▁the ▁tracks ' ▁cre ative ▁a ▁c app ella ▁arrang ements , ▁which ▁he ▁felt ▁made ▁them ▁more ▁interesting ▁than ▁those ▁of ▁previous ▁G lee ▁releases . ▁The ▁Boston ▁Glo be ▁N icole ▁C amm or ata ▁gave ▁an ▁overall ▁favor able ▁review ▁of ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music ▁Pres ents ▁the ▁War bl ers : ▁her ▁only ▁negative ▁remark ▁was ▁that ▁she ▁felt ▁Col fer ' s ▁voice ▁on ▁" C and les " ▁did ▁not ▁work ▁well ▁with ▁the ▁song ' s ▁high ▁notes . ▁Die hl ▁gave ▁the ▁release ▁two ▁stars ▁out ▁of ▁four ▁and ▁felt ▁that , ▁outside ▁the ▁context ▁of ▁the ▁series , ▁the ▁tracks ▁seemed ▁somewhat ▁over - the - top . ▁" When ▁I ▁Get ▁You ▁Al one ", ▁for ▁example , ▁was ▁noted ▁as ▁" to o ▁c ute " ▁for ▁an ▁urban ▁song . ▁Thomas ▁Con ner ▁from ▁The ▁Chicago ▁Sun - Times ▁also ▁gave ▁the ▁album ▁two ▁out ▁of ▁four ▁stars , ▁stating , ▁" over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁ 1 3 ▁tracks ▁the ▁War bl ers ' ▁g imm ick ▁just ▁as ▁often ▁de gr ades ▁into ▁laugh able ▁self - par ody ." ▁David ▁Bur ger ▁of ▁The ▁Salt ▁Lake ▁Trib une ▁enjoyed ▁the ▁a ▁c app ella ▁songs ▁in ▁contrast ▁to ▁the ▁series ' ▁conventional ▁material , ▁which ▁he ▁felt ▁was ▁" over - produ ced ▁and ▁over - orch estr ated ". ▁ ▁Com mer cial ▁performance ▁The ▁album |
▁deb uted ▁at ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁US ▁Billboard ▁ 2 0 0 ▁and ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁Billboard ▁Sound tra cks ▁chart , ▁s elling ▁ 8 6 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁its ▁first ▁week . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁highest ▁chart ing ▁album ▁on ▁the ▁Billboard ▁ 2 0 0 ▁from ▁the ▁show ' s ▁second ▁season ; ▁the ▁next ▁sound track ▁release , ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music , ▁Volume ▁ 6 , ▁would ▁sell ▁ 6 , 0 0 0 ▁fewer ▁copies ▁in ▁its ▁first ▁week . ▁The ▁War bl ers ▁album ▁sold ▁ 2 8 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁its ▁second ▁week . ▁On ▁the ▁Canadian ▁and ▁Australian ▁Albums ▁Ch arts , ▁the ▁album ▁deb uted ▁at ▁numbers ▁five ▁and ▁six , ▁respectively . ▁In ▁New ▁Zealand , ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music ▁Pres ents ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁deb uted ▁at ▁number ▁eleven . ▁The ▁album ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁forty - one ▁on ▁the ▁Mexican ▁charts . ▁Meanwhile , ▁the ▁Be el z eb ubs ▁have ▁seen ▁their ▁releases ▁under go ▁a ▁four - fold ▁increase ▁in ▁average ▁sales ▁per ▁month . ▁ ▁Prom otion ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁eleven ▁tracks ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁were ▁released ▁as ▁singles , ▁available ▁for ▁digital ▁download ▁over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁" Te en age ▁Dream " ▁deb uted ▁at ▁number ▁eight ▁on ▁the ▁Billboard ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁on ▁the ▁week ▁of ▁November 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁It |
▁was ▁the ▁best - s elling ▁song ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁that ▁week , ▁s elling ▁ 2 1 4 , 0 0 0 ▁copies , ▁the ▁largest ▁figure ▁for ▁a ▁G lee ▁title , ▁and ▁has ▁sold ▁over ▁ 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁to ▁date , ▁having ▁been ▁cert ified ▁a ▁gold ▁single ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁single ▁also ▁chart ed ▁at ▁number ▁ten ▁in ▁Canada , ▁eigh teen ▁in ▁Ireland , ▁twenty - four ▁in ▁Australia , ▁and ▁thirty - six ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁Three ▁other ▁covers ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁have ▁become ▁top ▁ 4 0 ▁hits ▁on ▁the ▁Billboard ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 : ▁" H ey , ▁Soul ▁Sister ", ▁P ink ' s ▁" R a ise ▁Your ▁G lass ", ▁and ▁" Black bird ", ▁at ▁numbers ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 3 6 , ▁and ▁ 3 7 , ▁respectively . ▁The ▁cover ▁of ▁" Black bird " ▁marks ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁the ▁song ▁has ▁chart ed ▁on ▁the ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 . ▁" H ey , ▁Soul ▁Sister " ▁also ▁became ▁a ▁top ▁ 4 0 ▁hit ▁in ▁both ▁Canada ▁and ▁the ▁UK . ▁Alt ogether , ▁tracks ▁by ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁have ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 . 3 ▁million ▁copies . ▁ ▁" Te en age ▁Dream " ▁was ▁performed ▁by ▁Cr iss ▁and ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁on ▁December 5 , ▁ 2 0 |
1 0 , ▁for ▁Tre vor ▁Live , ▁an ▁annual ▁fund ra ising ▁event ▁by ▁The ▁Tre vor ▁Project , ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁joined ▁by ▁Perry ▁herself ▁mid - song . ▁It ▁was ▁later ▁performed ▁on ▁The ▁Ellen ▁De Gener es ▁Show ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁Cr iss ▁has ▁also ▁performed ▁several ▁songs ▁solo : ▁" Te en age ▁Dream " ▁for ▁Rol ling ▁Stone ▁and ▁" S illy ▁Love ▁Songs " ▁by ▁W ings ▁on ▁Live ▁with ▁Reg is ▁and ▁Kelly . ▁He ▁later ▁stopped ▁by ▁Rol ling ▁Stone ▁a ▁second ▁time ▁to ▁perform ▁three ▁other ▁songs ▁from ▁the ▁album . ▁On ▁April ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁Cr iss ▁and ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁performed ▁" H ey , ▁Soul ▁Sister " ▁and ▁" R a ise ▁Your ▁G lass " ▁on ▁Today ▁in ▁promotion ▁of ▁the ▁album . ▁Cr iss ▁and ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁were ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁concert ▁tour , ▁G lee ▁Live ! ▁In ▁Con cert !, ▁for ▁both ▁the ▁four - week ▁North ▁American ▁leg ▁starting ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 1 , ▁and ▁the ▁en su ing ▁leg ▁in ▁England ▁and ▁Ireland ▁ending ▁July ▁ 3 . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Person nel ▁Cred its ▁adapted ▁from ▁All music . ▁ ▁Adam ▁Anders ▁– ▁arr anger , ▁engineer , ▁producer , ▁sound track ▁producer , ▁vocal ▁arrangement , ▁vocals ▁Alex ▁Anders ▁– ▁engineer ▁Nik ki ▁Anders ▁– ▁vocals |
▁Car mine ▁App ice ▁– ▁composer ▁Pe er ▁Å ström ▁– ▁arr anger , ▁engineer , ▁mixing , ▁producer , ▁programming , ▁sound track ▁producer ▁Sh osh ana ▁Be an ▁– ▁vocals ▁Dave ▁B ett ▁– ▁art ▁direction ▁Am und ▁B j ør kl und ▁– ▁composer ▁P J ▁Blo om ▁– ▁music ▁super visor ▁Ed ▁Bo yer ▁– ▁arr anger , ▁engineer , ▁mixing , ▁vocal ▁arrangement ▁Kevin ▁" She ' k sp ere " ▁Brig gs ▁– ▁composer ▁K and i ▁B urr uss ▁– ▁composer ▁Geoff ▁By water ▁– ▁executive ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁music ▁Sam ▁Cant or ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁J esse ▁Car m ich ael ▁– ▁composer ▁Josh ▁Che use ▁– ▁art ▁direction ▁De y der ▁Cin tr on ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁Chris ▁Col fer ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Dar ren ▁Cr iss ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Tim ▁Davis ▁– ▁vocal ▁contract or , ▁vocals ▁D ante ▁Di ▁Lor eto ▁– ▁sound track ▁executive ▁producer ▁Brad ▁Fal ch uk ▁– ▁sound track ▁executive ▁producer ▁Tommy ▁Far ag her ▁– ▁producer , ▁sound track ▁producer , ▁vocal ▁arrangement ▁Con or ▁F lyn n ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Steve ▁F lyn n ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁Alb hy ▁Gal uten ▁– ▁composer ▁Mike ▁Gent ile ▁– ▁composer ▁L uk asz ▁" Dr . ▁Luke " ▁Gott wald ▁– ▁composer ▁Michael ▁Grant ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁He ather ▁G ui bert ▁– ▁coord ination ▁Du ane ▁H itch ings ▁– ▁composer ▁Sam ▁Holland er ▁– ▁composer ▁Fred rik ▁J ans son ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁Bey on cé |
▁Know les ▁– ▁composer ▁Alexander ▁K out z ou k is ▁– ▁engineer ▁Charlie ▁K ram sky ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁John ▁K won ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Storm ▁Lee ▁– ▁vocals ▁John ▁L enn on ▁– ▁composer ▁ ▁Benjamin ▁Le vin ▁– ▁composer ▁Adam ▁Lev ine ▁– ▁composer ▁Fernando ▁L ode iro ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁David ▁Lou cks ▁– ▁vocals ▁Le To ya ▁L uck ett ▁– ▁composer ▁John ▁L uk ason ▁– ▁engineer ▁R iker ▁Lyn ch ▁- ▁group ▁member ▁ ▁Me ag han ▁Ly ons ▁– ▁coord ination ▁C ail in ▁Mack en zie ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Michael ▁Mad den ▁– ▁composer ▁Domin ick ▁M ait a ▁– ▁master ing ▁Kent ▁McC ann ▁– ▁engineer , ▁group ▁member ▁L inda ▁McC art ney ▁– ▁composer ▁Paul ▁McC art ney ▁– ▁composer ▁Pat ▁Mon ah an ▁– ▁composer ▁Eric ▁Morris sey ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Ryan ▁Mur phy ▁– ▁producer , ▁sound track ▁producer ▁Jean ette ▁Ol sson ▁– ▁vocals ▁Tim ▁R ice - O x ley ▁– ▁composer ▁Tim ▁P ag not ta ▁– ▁composer ▁K aty ▁Perry ▁– ▁composer ▁R oni ▁P ill ischer ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁E van ▁Pow ell ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁N icole ▁Ray ▁– ▁production ▁coord ination ▁P enn ▁Rosen ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Kelly ▁Row land ▁– ▁composer ▁Johan ▁Sch uster ▁– ▁composer ▁Eli ▁Se id man ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁On it sha ▁Shaw ▁– ▁vocals ▁Jen ny ▁S inc la ir ▁– ▁coord ination ▁Bry an ▁Smith ▁– ▁engineer , ▁mixing ▁Robert ▁L . ▁Smith ▁– ▁engineer |
, ▁mixing ▁S ally ▁Stevens ▁– ▁vocal ▁contract or ▁Rod ▁Stewart ▁– ▁composer ▁Robin ▁Th ic ke ▁– ▁composer ▁Jack ▁Thomas ▁– ▁group ▁member ▁Mir anda ▁P enn ▁Tur in ▁– ▁phot ography ▁Wind y ▁Wagner ▁– ▁vocals ▁S eth ▁Wald mann ▁– ▁engineer , ▁mixing ▁Eric ▁We aver ▁– ▁assistant ▁engineer ▁ ▁Note : ▁the ▁term ▁" group ▁member " ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁sing ers ▁of ▁the ▁Tu ft s ▁Be el z eb ubs , ▁who ▁vo iced ▁the ▁War bl ers , ▁plus ▁Dar ren ▁Cr iss ▁and ▁Chris ▁Col fer , ▁who ▁sang ▁lead . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music ▁Pres ents ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁at ▁G lee The Music . com ▁G lee : ▁The ▁Music ▁Pres ents ▁the ▁War bl ers ▁at ▁All music ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 1 ▁sound tra cks ▁Category : A ▁c app ella ▁albums ▁Category : Col umb ia ▁Records ▁sound tra cks ▁Category : G lee ▁( TV ▁series ) ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁was ▁a ▁town ▁located ▁in ▁Kam im ash iki ▁District , ▁K um am oto ▁Pref ect ure , ▁Japan . ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁the ▁town ▁had ▁an ▁estimated ▁population ▁of ▁ 1 1 , 8 2 0 ▁and ▁a ▁density ▁of ▁ 3 9 . 8 8 ▁persons ▁per ▁km ². ▁The ▁total ▁area ▁was ▁ 2 9 6 . 4 2 ▁km ². ▁ ▁On ▁February ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 |
0 0 5 , ▁Y abe , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Se i wa ▁( also ▁from ▁Kam im ash iki ▁District ), ▁and ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁So y ō ▁( from ▁A so ▁District ), ▁was ▁merged ▁to ▁create ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁Yam ato ▁and ▁no ▁longer ▁exists ▁as ▁an ▁independent ▁municipality . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁website ▁of ▁Yam ato ▁▁ ▁Category : D iss ol ved ▁municipal ities ▁of ▁K um am oto ▁Pref ect ure <0x0A> </s> ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁Japanese ▁football ▁player ▁and ▁manager . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁S ats uka wa ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Sh iz u oka ▁Pref ect ure ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 7 2 . ▁After ▁gradu ating ▁from ▁Sh im iz u ▁Com mer cial ▁High ▁School , ▁he ▁joined ▁All ▁N ipp on ▁Air ways ▁( l ater ▁Y ok oh ama ▁Fl üg els ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁He ▁played ▁many ▁matches ▁as ▁mainly ▁center ▁back ▁from ▁first ▁season . ▁The ▁club ▁won ▁the ▁champions ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Emperor ' s ▁Cup ▁their ▁first ▁major ▁title . ▁In ▁Asia , ▁the ▁club ▁also ▁won ▁the ▁champions ▁ 1 9 9 4 – 9 5 ▁Asian ▁Cup ▁W inners ' ▁Cup ▁their ▁first ▁Asian ▁title . ▁However ▁the ▁club ▁was ▁dis band ed ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁season ▁due ▁to ▁financial ▁stra in . ▁At ▁last ▁tournament ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Emperor ' s |
▁Cup ▁which ▁the ▁club ▁won ▁the ▁champions , ▁although ▁he ▁played ▁all ▁ 4 ▁matches ▁until ▁semif inal , ▁he ▁could ▁not ▁play ▁in ▁the ▁Final ▁for ▁susp ension . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁K ashi wa ▁Re ys ol . ▁He ▁played ▁left ▁back ▁of ▁three ▁back s ▁defense ▁with ▁Hong ▁My ung - bo ▁and ▁T akes hi ▁Wat an abe ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁The ▁club ▁on ▁the ▁champions ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁J . Le ague ▁Cup ▁and ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁place ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁J 1 ▁League . ▁After ▁that , ▁although ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁the ▁club ▁were ▁sl ugg ish , ▁he ▁played ▁as ▁regular ▁player ▁as ▁center ▁back ▁for ▁a ▁long ▁time . ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁he ▁broke ▁his ▁right ▁leg ▁and ▁he ▁could ▁not ▁play ▁in ▁the ▁match ▁for ▁ 1 0 ▁months . ▁Although ▁he ▁came ▁back ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁the ▁club ▁finished ▁at ▁bottom ▁place ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁season . ▁End ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁season , ▁the ▁club ▁was ▁re leg ated ▁to ▁J 2 ▁League ▁and ▁he ▁retired . ▁ ▁Co aching ▁career ▁After ▁ret irement , ▁S ats uka wa ▁started ▁co aching ▁career ▁at ▁K ashi wa ▁Re ys ol ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 8 , |
▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁Regional ▁Le agues ▁club ▁AC ▁Nag ano ▁Par ce iro ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁coach . ▁He ▁became ▁a ▁manager ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁and ▁the ▁club ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁Japan ▁Football ▁League ▁( J FL ) ▁end ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁season . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁season , ▁the ▁club ▁won ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁place ▁in ▁J FL . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁J FL ▁club ▁FC ▁Ry uky u . ▁The ▁club ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁new ▁league ▁J 3 ▁League ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁season . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁J 3 ▁club ▁SC ▁S ag ami h ara . ▁However ▁he ▁res igned ▁as ▁manager ▁in ▁August . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁he ▁signed ▁with ▁J FL ▁club ▁N ara ▁Club . ▁He ▁managed ▁the ▁club ▁in ▁ 2 ▁seasons ▁and ▁res igned ▁end ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁season . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁Regional ▁Le agues ▁club ▁Band it once ▁K ak og awa . ▁ ▁Club ▁statistics ▁ ▁Manager ial ▁statistics ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁people ▁from ▁Sh iz u oka ▁Pref ect ure ▁Category : J apan ese ▁football ers ▁Category : J apan ▁Soccer ▁League |
▁players ▁Category : J 1 ▁League ▁players ▁Category : Y ok oh ama ▁Fl üg els ▁players ▁Category : K ashi wa ▁Re ys ol ▁players ▁Category : J apan ese ▁football ▁man agers ▁Category : J 3 ▁League ▁man agers ▁Category : AC ▁Nag ano ▁Par ce iro ▁man agers ▁Category : FC ▁Ry uky u ▁man agers ▁Category : SC ▁S ag ami h ara ▁man agers ▁Category : N ara ▁Club ▁man agers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁def enders <0x0A> </s> ▁Ch il ab oth rus ▁stri atus , ▁known ▁commonly ▁as ▁the ▁His p ani olan ▁bo a , ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁s nake ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Bo idae . ▁The ▁species ▁is ▁en demic ▁to ▁the ▁West ▁Ind ies . ▁ ▁Distribution ▁and ▁habitat ▁Ch il ab oth rus ▁stri atus ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁Bah am as , ▁the ▁B im ini ▁Islands , ▁and ▁on ▁His p ani ola . ▁ ▁Sub species ▁ ▁Three ▁sub species ▁are ▁recognized ▁including ▁the ▁nomin ot yp ical ▁sub species . ▁ ▁Ch il ab oth rus ▁stri atus ▁stri atus ▁ ▁– ▁His p ani olan ▁or ▁Domin ican ▁red ▁mountain ▁bo a ▁Ch il ab oth rus ▁stri atus ▁ex ag ist us ▁ ▁– ▁Tib ur on ▁Pen ins ula ▁bo a ▁Ch il ab oth rus ▁stri atus ▁war ren i ▁ ▁– ▁T ort uga ▁bo a ▁ ▁Not a ▁bene : ▁A ▁tr in omial ▁authority ▁in ▁parentheses ▁indicates ▁that ▁the |
▁sub species ▁was ▁originally ▁described ▁in ▁a ▁genus ▁other ▁than ▁Ch il ab oth rus . ▁ ▁Et ym ology ▁The ▁sub specific ▁name , ▁war ren i , ▁is ▁in ▁honor ▁of ▁C . ▁R he a ▁Warren ▁who ▁collected ▁her pet ological ▁spec im ens ▁on ▁Î le ▁de ▁la ▁T ort ue . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁Bou len ger ▁G A ▁( 1 8 9 3 ). ▁Catalogue ▁of ▁the ▁Sn akes ▁in ▁the ▁British ▁Museum ▁( N atural ▁History ). ▁Volume ▁I ., ▁Cont aining ▁the ▁Famil ies ▁... ▁Bo id æ ▁... ▁London : ▁Trust ees ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Museum ▁( N atural ▁History ). ▁( T aylor ▁and ▁Francis , ▁printer s ). ▁x iii ▁+ ▁ 4 4 8 ▁pp . ▁+ ▁Pl ates ▁I - XX V III . ▁( E pic r ates ▁stri atus , ▁pp . ▁ 9 6 - 9 7 ). ▁Fischer ▁J G ▁( 1 8 5 6 ). ▁" Ne ue ▁Sch lang en ▁des ▁Hamburg ischen ▁Natur histor ischen ▁Museum s ▁". ▁Ab hand lungen ▁aus ▁dem ▁Gebiet e ▁der ▁Natur wissenschaft en ▁Verein ▁in ▁Hamburg ▁ 3 ▁( 4 ): ▁ 7 9 - 1 1 6 . ▁( Hom al och ilus ▁stri atus , ▁new ▁species , ▁pp . 1 0 2 – 1 0 6 ▁+ ▁Pl ate ▁II , ▁Fig ures ▁ 2 a ▁& ▁ 2 b ). ▁( in ▁German ). ▁She plan ▁BR , ▁Schw art |
z ▁A ▁( 1 9 7 4 ). ▁" H isp ani olan ▁Bo as ▁of ▁the ▁genus ▁Ep ic r ates ▁( Ser p entes , ▁Bo idae ) ▁and ▁their ▁An til lean ▁relationships ". ▁Ann als ▁of ▁Car neg ie ▁Museum ▁of ▁Natural ▁History ▁ 4 5 : ▁ 5 7 - 1 4 3 . ▁ ▁Category : Bo inae ▁Category : T ax a ▁named ▁by ▁Johann ▁Gustav ▁Fischer ▁Category : Re pt iles ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁common ▁Qu aker ▁( Or th os ia ▁cer asi ) ▁is ▁a ▁moth ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁No ctu idae ▁first ▁described ▁by ▁Johan ▁Christian ▁Fab r ici us ▁in ▁ 1 7 7 5 . ▁Some ▁authors ▁prefer ▁the ▁syn onym ▁Orth os ia ▁stabil is ▁( D enis ▁& ▁Sch iffer m üller , ▁ 1 7 7 5 ). ▁It ▁is ▁distributed ▁throughout ▁Europe ▁and ▁is ▁also ▁found ▁in ▁Turkey , ▁Israel , ▁Trans c au cas ia , ▁Russia ▁and ▁eastern ▁Si ber ia . ▁ ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁variable ▁species , ▁the ▁ground ▁colour ▁of ▁the ▁for ew ings ▁r anging ▁from ▁grey ish ▁to ▁orange y ▁brown , ▁sometimes ▁with ▁a ▁broad ▁dark ▁band . ▁The ▁most ▁distinct ive ▁features ▁are ▁two ▁large ▁st ig m ata , ▁each ▁ed ged ▁by ▁a ▁narrow ▁pale ▁line , ▁with ▁a ▁similarly ▁col oured ▁sub term inal ▁line . ▁The ▁h ind w ings ▁are ▁d rab ▁grey ▁or ▁brown |
. ▁ ▁Techn ical ▁description ▁and ▁variation ▁ ▁The ▁wings pan ▁is ▁ 3 4 – 4 0 mm . ▁Fore wing ▁re dd ish ▁grey , ▁more ▁or ▁less ▁d usted ▁with ▁dark : ▁inner ▁and ▁outer ▁lines ▁black ish , ▁ind ist inct ; ▁orb icular ▁and ▁ren iform ▁st ig m ata ▁ring ed ▁with ▁och re ous ; ▁subm arg inal ▁line ▁och re ous ▁preced ed ▁by ▁a ▁fus c ous ▁or ▁r uf ous ▁sh ade ; ▁cla v iform ▁mostly ▁un mark ed ; ▁ve ins ▁towards ▁term en ▁pale : ▁h ind wing ▁grey , ▁the ▁fr inge ▁pal er . ▁The ▁species ▁var ies ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁amount ▁of ▁red ▁present ; ▁— ▁ab . ▁p all ida ▁T utt ▁is ▁pale ▁grey , ▁sometimes ▁with ▁an ▁och re ous ▁flush ; ▁— ▁ob li qua ▁Vill . ▁is ▁dark er ▁grey ▁with ▁mark ings ▁clearer ; ▁— ▁suff usa ▁T utt ▁is ▁an ▁equally ▁well ▁marked ▁black ish - gre y ▁form ; ▁of ▁these ▁grey ▁forms ▁the ▁second ▁only ▁ob li qua ▁Vill . ▁is ▁common ; ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁hand ▁when ▁the ▁red ▁t ints ▁pre dom inate ▁we ▁get ▁the ▁form ▁r uf a ▁T utt , ▁which ▁is ▁also ▁rare ; ▁- ▁in ▁jun ct us ▁Haw . ▁the ▁upper ▁st ig m ata , ▁usually ▁separate , ▁are ▁coh er ent ; ▁this ▁accident al ▁connection ▁occurs ▁in ▁all ▁the ▁forms ▁occasionally : ▁— ▁in ▁ab . |
▁r uf ann ul ata ▁Haw . ▁the ▁st ig m ata ▁are ▁ed ged ▁with , ▁and ▁the ▁subm arg inal ▁line ▁is ▁col oured ▁r uf ous ▁instead ▁of ▁och re ous . ▁ ▁Bi ology ▁This ▁moth ▁f lies ▁at ▁night ▁in ▁March ▁and ▁April ▁and ▁is ▁attract ed ▁to ▁light ▁and ▁sugar . ▁ ▁Lar va ▁green ▁thick ly ▁d otted ▁with ▁yellow ish ▁white ; ▁all ▁the ▁lines ▁yellow ish ▁white ; ▁anal ▁segment ▁with ▁a ▁yellow ish - white ▁cross ▁bar ; ▁head ▁green ▁with ▁black ▁sp ots . ▁It ▁fe eds ▁on ▁various ▁trees ▁and ▁shr ubs ▁including ▁apple , ▁bu ck th orn , ▁el m , ▁o ak , ▁p ear , ▁pop lar ▁and ▁will ow ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁various ▁Pr un us ▁species . ▁The ▁species ▁over w inter s ▁as ▁a ▁pup a . ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁flight ▁season ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁British ▁Is les . ▁This ▁may ▁vary ▁in ▁other ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁range . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Ch in ery , ▁Michael ▁( 1 9 8 6 , ▁repr int ed ▁ 1 9 9 1 ). ▁Collins ▁Guide ▁to ▁the ▁In sect s ▁of ▁Britain ▁and ▁Western ▁Europe . ▁Sk inner , ▁Bernard ▁( 1 9 8 4 ). ▁The ▁Col our ▁Ident ification ▁Guide ▁to ▁M oth s ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Is les . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Tax onomy ▁Le p if orum ▁e . V . ▁De ▁V l inder st icht ing ▁▁ ▁Category : |
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