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▁ ▁Ireland ▁ ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁ ▁Under ▁Section ▁ 7 2 ▁of ▁the ▁Sex ual ▁Off ences ▁Act ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁British ▁citizens ▁can ▁be ▁pro sec uted ▁for ▁sexual ▁off ences ▁committed ▁against ▁children ▁abroad . ▁Section ▁ 7 2 ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁conv ict ▁pa ed oph ile ▁Richard ▁H uck le ▁on ▁ 7 1 ▁counts ▁of ▁serious ▁sexual ▁off ences ▁against ▁children ▁in ▁Malays ia . ▁H uck le ▁was ▁sent enced ▁to ▁ 2 2 ▁life ▁sentences . ▁While ▁no ▁official ▁t ally ▁is ▁kept , ▁seven ▁people ▁are ▁believed ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁conv icted ▁under ▁Section ▁ 7 2 . ▁ ▁The ▁Fem ale ▁Gen ital ▁M util ation ▁Act ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁assert ed ▁extr ater rit oral ▁juris diction ▁to ▁close ▁the ▁loop hole ▁where by ▁girls ▁could ▁be ▁taken ▁outside ▁the ▁UK ▁to ▁under go ▁F GM ▁procedures . ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Municipal ▁and ▁state ▁law ▁In ▁the ▁U . S ., ▁many ▁states ▁have ▁laws ▁or ▁even ▁constitution al ▁prov isions ▁which ▁permit ▁cities ▁to ▁make ▁certain ▁dec isions ▁about ▁the ▁land ▁beyond ▁the ▁town ' s ▁incorpor ated ▁limits . ▁▁ ▁Ex amples ▁of ▁states ▁which ▁allow ▁cities ▁to ▁claim ▁E T J ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁z oning ▁or ▁other ▁matters , ▁either ▁generally ▁or ▁prior ▁to ▁an nex ation , ▁are : ▁ ▁Al aska ▁ ▁Ark ansas ▁ ▁Neb r aska , ▁ ▁North ▁Carolina , ▁and ▁ ▁Texas ▁ ▁In ▁California , ▁county |
▁Local ▁Agency ▁Form ation ▁Comm issions ▁determine ▁spher es ▁of ▁influence ▁that ▁cities ▁may ▁exercise ▁over ▁areas ▁outside ▁their ▁boundaries . ▁ ▁Federal ▁law ▁The ▁U . S . ▁C riminal ▁Code ▁as ser ts ▁the ▁following ▁items ▁to ▁fall ▁within ▁the ▁special ▁mar itime ▁and ▁territorial ▁juris diction ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁much ▁of ▁which ▁is ▁extr ater rit orial ▁in ▁nature : ▁▁ ▁The ▁high ▁se as ▁and ▁any ▁other ▁waters ▁within ▁the ▁adm ir alty ▁and ▁mar itime ▁juris diction ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁juris diction ▁of ▁any ▁particular ▁state , ▁including ▁any ▁vessels ▁owned ▁by ▁US ▁persons ▁that ▁are ▁trav elling ▁on ▁them ▁ ▁Any ▁US ▁vessel ▁trav elling ▁on ▁the ▁Great ▁L akes , ▁connecting ▁waters ▁or ▁the ▁Saint ▁Lawrence ▁River ▁( where ▁that ▁river ▁forms ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Canada – Un ited ▁States ▁border ) ▁ ▁Any ▁lands ▁reserved ▁or ▁acquired ▁for ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁and ▁under ▁the ▁exclusive ▁or ▁concurrent ▁juris diction ▁there of ▁ ▁Any ▁island ▁claimed ▁under ▁the ▁Gu ano ▁Islands ▁Act ▁ ▁Any ▁US ▁aircraft ▁flying ▁over ▁waters ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁manner ▁as ▁US ▁vessels ▁ ▁Any ▁US ▁space craft ▁when ▁in ▁flight ▁ ▁Any ▁place ▁outside ▁the ▁juris diction ▁of ▁any ▁nation ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁an ▁off ense ▁by ▁or ▁against ▁a ▁national ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Any ▁foreign ▁vessel ▁during ▁a ▁voyage ▁having ▁a ▁scheduled ▁departure ▁from ▁or ▁arrival ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁an ▁off ense ▁committed ▁by |
▁or ▁against ▁a ▁national ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Off enses ▁committed ▁by ▁or ▁against ▁a ▁national ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁in ▁diplom atic ▁miss ions , ▁cons ul ates , ▁military ▁and ▁other ▁miss ions , ▁together ▁with ▁related ▁resid ences , ▁outside ▁the ▁US ▁ ▁International ▁Par ental ▁Kid n apping ▁Crime ▁Act ▁ ▁In ▁order ▁to ▁deal ▁with ▁the ▁issue ▁of ▁private ▁military ▁contract ors ▁and ▁private ▁security ▁contract ors ▁being ▁used ▁by ▁U . S . ▁Government ▁ag encies ▁over se as , ▁the ▁Military ▁Ext r ater rit orial ▁Jur is diction ▁Act ▁was ▁passed ▁by ▁Congress ▁to ▁subject ▁them ▁to ▁a ▁similar ▁manner ▁of ▁juris diction . ▁ ▁C ertain ▁federal ▁property ▁has ▁the ▁status ▁of ▁federal ▁enc lave , ▁restrict ing ▁the ▁application ▁of ▁state ▁laws , ▁but ▁that ▁has ▁been ▁partially ▁rect ified ▁by ▁the ▁Ass im il ative ▁Cr imes ▁Act . ▁Similarly , ▁state ▁juris diction ▁is ▁restricted ▁on ▁Native ▁American ▁trib al ▁lands . ▁ ▁Gener ally , ▁the ▁U . S . ▁found ing ▁f athers ▁and ▁early ▁courts ▁believed ▁that ▁American ▁laws ▁could ▁not ▁have ▁juris diction ▁over ▁so ver eign ▁countries . ▁In ▁a ▁ 1 9 0 9 ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁case , ▁Justice ▁Oliver ▁Wend el ▁Hol mes ▁introduced ▁what ▁came ▁to ▁be ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" pres umption ▁against ▁extr ater rit orial ity ," ▁making ▁explicit ▁this ▁jud icial ▁preference ▁that ▁U . S . ▁laws ▁not ▁be ▁applied ▁to ▁other ▁countries . ▁American ▁thought ▁about |
▁extr ater rit orial ity ▁has ▁changed ▁over ▁the ▁years , ▁however . ▁For ▁example , ▁the ▁Ali en ▁T ort ▁Stat ute ▁of ▁ 1 7 8 9 ▁allows ▁foreign ▁citizens ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁to ▁bring ▁cases ▁before ▁federal ▁courts ▁against ▁foreign ▁defend ants ▁for ▁viol ations ▁of ▁the ▁" law ▁of ▁nations " ▁in ▁foreign ▁countries . ▁Although ▁this ▁stat ute ▁was ▁ignored ▁for ▁many ▁years , ▁U . S . ▁courts ▁since ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁have ▁interpreted ▁it ▁to ▁allow ▁foreign ers ▁to ▁seek ▁justice ▁in ▁cases ▁of ▁human - right s ▁viol ations ▁in ▁foreign ▁lands , ▁such ▁as ▁in ▁S osa ▁v . ▁Al vare z - M ach ain . ▁In ▁Mor r ison ▁v . ▁National ▁Australia ▁Bank , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁held ▁that ▁in ▁interpre ting ▁a ▁stat ute , ▁the ▁" pres umption ▁against ▁extr ater rit orial ity " ▁is ▁absolute ▁unless ▁the ▁text ▁of ▁the ▁stat ute ▁explicitly ▁says ▁otherwise . ▁ ▁Econom ic ▁law ▁Econom ic ▁san ctions ▁with ▁extr ater rit orial ▁impact ▁have ▁been ▁instit uted ▁under : ▁▁ ▁the ▁Tr ading ▁with ▁the ▁En emy ▁Act ▁( as ▁in ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁the ▁embargo ▁against ▁Cuba ) ▁ ▁the ▁Ar ms ▁Ex port ▁Control ▁Act ▁and ▁International ▁Tra ffic ▁in ▁Ar ms ▁Reg ulations ▁( in ▁gover ning ▁the ▁re - export ▁of ▁subject ▁goods ▁and ▁techn ologies ▁after ▁initial ▁export ▁from ▁the ▁US ) ▁ ▁the |
▁International ▁Emer gency ▁Econom ic ▁Pow ers ▁Act ▁( es pecially ▁in ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁san ctions ▁against ▁Iran ) ▁ ▁the ▁C ounter ing ▁America ' s ▁Ad vers aries ▁Through ▁San ctions ▁Act ▁▁ ▁Un like ▁most ▁nations , ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁also ▁attempts ▁extr ater rit orial ▁application ▁of ▁U . S . ▁personal ▁tax ▁laws . ▁ ▁The ▁Foreign ▁Account ▁Tax ▁Comp liance ▁Act ▁is ▁an ▁extension ▁of ▁this ▁concept , ▁which ▁focus es ▁on ▁enfor cement . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Free - tra de ▁zone ▁ ▁Ext r ater rit orial ity ▁ ▁International ▁child ▁ab du ction ▁ ▁Tax ation ▁of ▁non ▁resident ▁Americans ▁ ▁Foreign ▁Account ▁Tax ▁Comp liance ▁Act ▁( U . S . ▁law ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Ext ra - ter rit orial ▁juris diction ▁of ▁E CH R ▁states ▁- ▁fact sheet ▁of ▁EC t HR ▁case ▁law ▁ ▁Dom estic ▁La ws ▁Again st ▁Gen o cide ▁- ▁a ▁compreh ensive ▁list ▁of ▁municipal ▁laws ▁criminal ising ▁gen o cide . ▁Many ▁of ▁them ▁include ▁cla uses ▁to ▁allow ▁extr ater rit orial ▁juris diction . ▁ ▁Category : Intern ational ▁law ▁Category : Local ▁government <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁practice ▁of ▁dent istry ▁in ▁Canada ▁is ▁over seen ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁D ental ▁Ex am ining ▁Board ▁of ▁Canada ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁other ▁ag encies , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Commission ▁on ▁D ental ▁Acc red itation ▁of ▁Canada ▁and ▁the ▁Royal ▁College ▁of ▁D ent ists |
▁of ▁Canada . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁there ▁were ▁ 2 1 , 1 0 9 ▁dent ists ▁in ▁Canada ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Canadian ▁D ental ▁Association . ▁ ▁Lic ensure ▁ ▁D ent istry ▁is ▁a ▁reg ulated ▁profession ▁in ▁Canada . ▁▁ ▁In ▁order ▁to ▁practice ▁dent istry , ▁a ▁dent ist ▁must ▁obtain ▁a ▁license ▁or ▁permit ▁from ▁the ▁province ▁or ▁territory ▁they ▁wish ▁to ▁practice ▁in . ▁The ▁main ▁requirement ▁to ▁obtain ▁lic ensure ▁in ▁all ▁Canadian ▁provinces ▁and ▁territ ories ▁is ▁passing ▁the ▁National ▁D ental ▁Ex am ination ▁Board ▁ex ams . ▁ ▁Several ▁provinces ▁require ▁applic ants ▁to ▁complete ▁a ▁juris pr ud ence ▁and ▁eth ics ▁exam ination ▁which ▁tests ▁knowledge ▁related ▁to ▁local ▁laws , ▁eth ics , ▁and ▁reg ulation ▁of ▁the ▁profession . ▁ ▁N DE B ▁exam ination ▁▁ ▁C andid ates ▁seeking ▁to ▁practice ▁dent istry ▁in ▁Canada ▁must ▁successfully ▁complete ▁a ▁two - part ▁exam ination ▁admin ister ed ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁D ental ▁Ex am ining ▁Board ▁of ▁Canada ▁( N DE B ). ▁D ental ▁students ▁at ▁acc red ited ▁Canadian ▁and ▁American ▁dent al ▁schools ▁are ▁permitted ▁to ▁take ▁the ▁exam ination ▁no ▁earlier ▁than ▁ 3 ▁months ▁prior ▁to ▁gradu ation , ▁which ▁usually ▁means ▁the ▁March ▁of ▁their ▁gradu ating ▁year . ▁Upon ▁successful ▁completion ▁of ▁the ▁exam , ▁the ▁N DE B ▁issues ▁a ▁certificate ▁to ▁the ▁candidate . ▁ ▁To ▁be ▁el ig ible ▁to ▁write ▁the ▁N DE B |
▁exam , ▁candidates ▁must ▁have : ▁ ▁Gr adu ated ▁from ▁an ▁acc red ited ▁dent al ▁school ▁in ▁Canada , ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁Australia ▁( since ▁ 2 0 1 1 ), ▁New ▁Zealand ▁( since ▁ 2 0 1 1 ), ▁or ▁Ireland ▁( since ▁ 2 0 1 2 ) ▁ ▁or ▁ ▁Pass ed ▁the ▁equival ency ▁process ▁for ▁gradu ates ▁of ▁other ▁dent al ▁schools ▁( fore ign ▁trained ▁dent ists ). ▁ ▁Qual ifying ▁( ad vanced ▁standing ) ▁programs ▁and ▁the ▁equival ency ▁process ▁for ▁foreign - tra ined ▁dent ists ▁Foreign - tra ined ▁dent ists ▁can ▁obtain ▁a ▁D MD ▁or ▁D DS ▁from ▁an ▁acc red ited ▁dent al ▁school ▁in ▁Canada ▁or ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁by ▁en rolling ▁in ▁a ▁qual ifying ▁or ▁advanced ▁standing ▁program . ▁Typ ically , ▁the ▁program ▁would ▁consist ▁of ▁the ▁last ▁two ▁to ▁three ▁years ▁of ▁a ▁typical ▁dent al ▁program . ▁ ▁The ▁dent al ▁schools ▁that ▁offer ▁these ▁programs ▁in ▁Canada ▁are : ▁Dal h ous ie ▁University ▁University ▁of ▁Al berta ▁University ▁of ▁British ▁Columbia ▁University ▁of ▁Toronto ▁University ▁of ▁Man it oba ▁University ▁of ▁Western ▁Ontario ▁McG ill ▁University ▁Univers ité ▁de ▁Montr éal ▁University ▁of ▁S ask atch ew an ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁the ▁equival ency ▁process ▁for ▁foreign ▁trained ▁dent ists ▁was ▁launched . ▁ ▁The ▁process ▁consists ▁of ▁three ▁ex ams : ▁ ▁Ass ess ment ▁of ▁fundamental ▁knowledge ▁written ▁exam . ▁ |
▁Ass ess ment ▁of ▁clin ical ▁skills ▁exam : ▁a ▁practical ▁exam ▁on ▁typ od ont s ▁and ▁man ik ins . ▁ ▁Ass ess ment ▁of ▁clin ical ▁jud g ement ▁written ▁exam . ▁The ▁alternative ▁route ▁of ▁going ▁through ▁a ▁qual ifying ▁program ▁or ▁advanced ▁standing ▁program ▁still ▁exists . ▁ ▁When ▁it ▁first ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁only ▁ 4 4 ▁candidates ▁passed ▁the ▁equival ency ▁process . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁over ▁ 2 6 0 ▁candidates ▁passed ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁that ▁number ▁rose ▁to ▁ 3 0 7 ▁candidates . ▁These ▁numbers ▁are ▁expected ▁to ▁keep ▁going ▁up ▁as ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁candidates ▁challeng ing ▁the ▁ex ams ▁has ▁been ▁rising ▁stead ily ▁year ▁after ▁year . ▁ ▁Over ▁s atur ation ▁of ▁dent ists ▁in ▁Canada ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁Canadian ▁D ental ▁Association , ▁the ▁population - to - dent ist ▁ratio ▁has ▁been ▁dro pping ▁in ▁all ▁provinces ▁and ▁territ ories . ▁This ▁dent ist ▁gl ut ▁is ▁resulting ▁in ▁growing ▁competition ▁and ▁t ough ▁times ▁for ▁dent ists ▁especially ▁in ▁urban ▁cent res ▁like ▁Toronto . ▁ ▁D ental ▁Gr oups ▁in ▁Canada ▁ ▁dent al cor p ▁is ▁Canada ’ s ▁largest ▁network ▁of ▁dent al ▁clin ics . ▁It ▁started ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁has ▁grown ▁to ▁over ▁ 4 5 0 ▁locations ▁serving ▁ 2 ▁million ▁Canad ians ▁. ▁Alt ima ▁D ental ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ |
1 9 9 3 ▁and ▁has ▁over ▁ 3 0 ▁dent al ▁offices . ▁ ▁Other ▁dent al ▁groups ▁include ▁ 1 2 3 dent ist ▁, D ental ▁Cho ice ▁ ▁and ▁to oth ▁corner ▁D ental . ▁ ▁Ach iev ements ▁The ▁first ▁woman ▁to ▁be ▁lic ensed ▁as ▁a ▁dent ist ▁in ▁Canada ▁was ▁Emma ▁Ga ud re au ▁Cas gra in ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 8 . ▁She ▁was ▁trained ▁by ▁her ▁husband , ▁dent al ▁sur geon ▁Henri - Ed mond ▁Cas gra in , ▁an ▁innov ator ▁in ▁dent istry . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁National ▁D ental ▁Ex am ining ▁Board ▁of ▁Canada ▁Royal ▁College ▁of ▁D ent ists ▁of ▁Canada ▁Canadian ▁D ental ▁Association ▁Association ▁of ▁Canadian ▁Fac ult ies ▁of ▁D ent istry ▁http :// l amb ton dent ist . com / index . php / s arn ia - dent ists / <0x0A> </s> ▁Frank ▁Row ley ▁F ICE ▁( 4 ▁May ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁– ▁ 1 7 ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Scottish ▁civil ▁engineer . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁West ▁Hart le pool ▁in ▁the ▁north ▁of ▁England . ▁ ▁He ▁attended ▁P ais ley ▁Gram mar ▁School , ▁then ▁a ▁state ▁select ive ▁school . ▁ ▁Career ▁He ▁left ▁school ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁and ▁worked ▁as ▁an ▁app rent ice ▁civil ▁engineer ▁with ▁Ren f rew ▁County ▁Council , ▁whilst ▁att ending ▁night |
▁school . ▁On ▁completion ▁of ▁his ▁app rent ices hip ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁he ▁joined ▁the ▁Living ston ▁Development ▁Corporation , ▁becoming ▁a ▁senior ▁civil ▁engineer . ▁ ▁Motor way ▁brid ges ▁In ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁he ▁worked ▁on ▁the ▁motor way ▁construction ▁programme ▁in ▁South ▁East ▁England , ▁being ▁senior ▁bridge ▁engineer ▁on ▁the ▁M 3 ▁where ▁he ▁worked ▁on ▁over ▁ 6 0 ▁brid ges ▁as ▁far ▁west ▁as ▁j unction ▁ 8 . ▁He ▁had ▁moved ▁to ▁Sur rey . ▁▁ ▁He ▁designed ▁the ▁M 1 8 0 ▁motor way ▁bal anced ▁cant ile ver ▁bridge ▁over ▁the ▁River ▁Tr ent ▁in ▁Hum bers ide ▁( now ▁North ▁Lincoln shire ). ▁ ▁He ▁led ▁the ▁design ▁team ▁for ▁the ▁G ade ▁Valley ▁Vi ad uct ▁of ▁the ▁M 2 5 , ▁north ▁of ▁j unction ▁ 2 0 ▁of ▁the ▁M 2 5 ▁over ▁the ▁River ▁G ade ▁and ▁West ▁Coast ▁Main ▁Line , ▁west ▁of ▁Abb ots ▁Lang ley . ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 0 - span ▁Dor no ch ▁F irth ▁Bridge ▁carrying ▁the ▁A 9 ▁over ▁the ▁Dor no ch ▁F irth . ▁The ▁Dor no ch ▁F irth ▁Bridge ▁won ▁a ▁Salt ire ▁Award . ▁ ▁He ▁later ▁designed ▁the ▁Ce iri og ▁Vi ad uct ▁carrying ▁the ▁A 5 ▁over ▁the ▁River ▁Ce iri og . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 9 4 - 9 6 ▁he ▁worked ▁on ▁the ▁Marsh ▁M ills ▁Vi ad uct ▁of |
▁the ▁A 3 8 ▁in ▁P ly m pton . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Institution ▁of ▁Civil ▁Engine ers . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Char tered ▁Institute ▁of ▁Ar bit rat ors . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁He ▁married ▁and ▁had ▁a ▁son . ▁He ▁joined ▁the ▁Edinburgh ▁W ander ers ▁R FC ▁rugby ▁team , ▁later ▁ref ere eing ▁matches ▁into ▁his ▁f ift ies . ▁He ▁lived ▁in ▁C ran le igh ▁in ▁the ▁Bor ough ▁of ▁W aver ley . ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁Gu ild ford ▁in ▁west ▁Sur rey . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Times ▁Ob itu ary , ▁ 2 7 ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Sc ots man ▁Ob itu ary ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 3 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁P ais ley ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁C ran le igh ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁West ▁Hart le pool ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁civil ▁engine ers ▁Category : V i ad uct ▁engine ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Ru air í ▁Ó ▁G ad h ra , ▁King ▁of ▁S li ab h ▁L ug ha , ▁died ▁ 1 2 0 6 . ▁▁ ▁The ▁Ann als ▁of ▁the ▁Four ▁Masters ▁appear ▁to ▁contain ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁few ▁reference ▁to ▁Ru air í , ▁reporting ▁that ▁R |
ory ▁O ' G ara , ▁Lord ▁of ▁S li ab h ▁L ug ha , ▁died ▁in ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 2 0 6 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁http :// www . u cc . ie / c elt / pub lished / T 1 0 0 0 1 0 A / index . html ▁ ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁County ▁May o ▁Category : 1 2 th - century ▁Irish ▁monarch s <0x0A> </s> ▁Otto ▁Pol lak ▁( 3 0 ▁April ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁– ▁ 1 8 ▁April ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁was ▁a ▁writer ▁and ▁a ▁professor ▁of ▁Soci ology ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Pennsylvania . ▁ ▁His ▁most ▁controvers ial ▁and ▁famous ▁book ▁was ▁The ▁C riminal ity ▁of ▁Women ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁suggested ▁that ▁women ▁commit ▁just ▁as ▁much ▁crime ▁as ▁men , ▁but ▁that ▁their ▁crime ▁is ▁more ▁easily ▁hidden . ▁Pol lak ▁further ▁argued ▁that ▁the ▁criminal ▁justice ▁system ▁was ▁bi ased ▁by ▁pre con ception s ▁about ▁women ▁and ▁did ▁not ▁conv ict ▁or ▁sentence ▁women ▁as ▁har sh ly ▁as ▁men . ▁ ▁His ▁empir ical ▁work ▁has ▁provided ▁a ▁starting ▁point ▁for ▁cr imin ology ▁on ▁women . ▁ ▁His ▁work ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁used ▁in ▁political ▁deb ates , ▁as ▁some ▁ant if em in ist ▁or ▁mascul ist ▁groups ▁have ▁appropri ated ▁his ▁work . ▁ ▁References ▁Fem ales ▁and ▁Crime ▁ ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Pennsylvania |
▁fac ulty ▁Category : C rimin olog ists ▁Category : 1 9 0 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁death s <0x0A> </s> ▁USS ▁Court ney ▁( DE - 1 0 2 1 ) ▁was ▁a ▁ ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Navy , ▁in ▁service ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁Service ▁history ▁Court ney ▁was ▁named ▁for ▁Marine ▁Major ▁Henry ▁A . ▁Court ney , ▁Jr . ▁( 1 9 1 6 – 1 9 4 5 ), ▁who ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Medal ▁of ▁Honor ▁post hum ously ▁for ▁his ▁hero ism ▁in ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Ok ina wa . ▁She ▁was ▁launched ▁ 2 ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁by ▁De fo e ▁Sh ip building ▁Company , ▁Bay ▁City , ▁Mich ., ▁spons ored ▁by ▁Mrs . ▁H . A . ▁Court ney ; ▁commission ed ▁ 2 4 ▁September ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁Lieutenant ▁Commander ▁C . W . ▁Co e ▁in ▁command ; ▁and ▁reported ▁to ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Atlantic ▁Fle et . ▁▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁Jo ining ▁Esc ort ▁Squadron ▁ 1 0 ▁( C ort R on ▁ 1 0 ) ▁at ▁Naval ▁Station ▁New port , ▁Rh ode ▁Island , ▁ 2 6 ▁April ▁ 1 9 5 7 , ▁Court ney ▁operated ▁from ▁that ▁port ▁exer cis ing ▁in ▁ant is ub marine ▁war fare ▁and ▁Con voy ▁esc ort ▁techniques ▁in ▁the ▁British ▁West ▁Ind |
ies ▁until ▁ 3 ▁September . ▁She ▁arrived ▁at ▁Mil ford ▁H aven , ▁Wales , ▁ 1 4 ▁September ▁for ▁man eu vers ▁with ▁ships ▁of ▁other ▁NAT O ▁nav ies ▁in ▁the ▁Irish ▁Sea , ▁visit ing ▁P ly mouth , ▁England , ▁and ▁Br est , ▁France , ▁before ▁returning ▁to ▁New port ▁ 2 1 ▁October ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁to ▁res ume ▁local ▁operations . ▁She ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁h unter - k iller ▁exer cis es ▁off ▁North ▁Carolina ▁and ▁in ▁con voy ▁exer cis es ▁extending ▁into ▁the ▁waters ▁off ▁Florida . ▁▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁Court ney ▁sa iled ▁from ▁New port ▁ 1 ▁April ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁and ▁called ▁at ▁Re yk jav ík , ▁I cel and , ▁on ▁the ▁way ▁to ▁Bod ø , ▁Norway , ▁to ▁conduct ▁exer cis es ▁with ▁ships ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Norwegian ▁Navy . ▁She ▁put ▁into ▁Ant werp , ▁Belg ium , ▁and ▁NS ▁Argent ia , ▁New found land , ▁and ▁returned ▁to ▁New port ▁ 1 4 ▁May . ▁ ▁From ▁ 7 ▁August ▁to ▁ 3 0 ▁September ▁she ▁was ▁involved ▁in ▁Operation ▁Arg us , ▁conduct ing ▁nuclear ▁tests ▁in ▁the ▁high ▁atmosphere ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁Navy ▁Task ▁Force ▁ 8 8 . ▁After ▁completion ▁of ▁the ▁tests , ▁she ▁cru ised ▁to ▁Rio ▁de ▁Janeiro , ▁Brazil , ▁from ▁ 1 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 ▁September . ▁Again ▁cru ising |
▁to ▁South ▁American ▁waters ▁from ▁February ▁through ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 9 , ▁she ▁called ▁at ▁ports ▁in ▁Colombia , ▁E cuador , ▁Peru , ▁and ▁Chile , ▁and ▁exerc ised ▁with ▁ships ▁of ▁the ▁Colomb ian ▁and ▁Per uv ian ▁nav ies . ▁ ▁NAT O ▁exer cis es ▁in ▁August ▁and ▁September ▁ 1 9 5 9 ▁found ▁her ▁calling ▁in ▁New found land , ▁Northern ▁Ireland , ▁England , ▁and ▁Portugal . ▁Through ▁the ▁first ▁half ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁she ▁cru ised ▁along ▁the ▁east ▁coast ▁on ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁exer cis es , ▁including ▁an ▁am ph ib ious ▁operation ▁with ▁Mar ines ▁on ▁the ▁coast ▁of ▁North ▁Carolina . ▁ ▁From ▁August ▁through ▁December ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁Court ney ▁participated ▁in ▁Operation ▁" Unit as ", ▁the ▁combined ▁ant is ub marine ▁training ▁cru ise ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁nations . ▁▁ ▁[ 1 9 6 0 - 1 9 7 3 ] ▁ ▁Court ney ▁was ▁str icken ▁from ▁the ▁Naval ▁V essel ▁Register ▁ 1 4 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁She ▁was ▁sold ▁for ▁scra pping ▁ 1 7 ▁June ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁nav source . org : ▁USS ▁Court ney ▁▁▁ ▁ha zeg ray . org : ▁USS ▁Court ney ▁ ▁USS ▁Court ney ▁website ▁ ▁Category : De ale y - class ▁destroy er ▁esc ort s ▁Category : Sh ips ▁built ▁in ▁Bay ▁City |
, ▁Michigan ▁Category : 1 9 5 5 ▁ships ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Navy ▁Minnesota - related ▁ships <0x0A> </s> ▁Col ts foot ▁is ▁the ▁common ▁name ▁for ▁several ▁plants ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁A ster aceae : ▁▁ ▁Hom ogy ne ▁al p ina , ▁a ▁plant ▁species ▁native ▁to ▁Europe ▁ ▁Pet as ites , ▁a ▁plant ▁genus ▁native ▁to ▁Europe , ▁Asia , ▁and ▁North ▁America ▁ ▁T uss il ago ▁far f ara , ▁a ▁plant ▁species ▁native ▁to ▁Europe ▁and ▁parts ▁of ▁Asia ▁and ▁Africa ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁But ter bur ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁Col ts foot ▁Green , ▁a ▁small ▁ham let ▁in ▁Su ff olk , ▁England ▁ ▁Col ts foot ▁Rock , ▁a ▁con fection ery ▁product <0x0A> </s> ▁R ough ▁Range ▁is ▁a ▁location ▁in ▁Western ▁Australia ▁where ▁oil ▁was ▁discovered ▁during ▁an ▁expl oration ▁dr illing ▁programme ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 3 . ▁ ▁West ▁Australian ▁Pet role um ▁( W AP ET ) ▁d ril led ▁its ▁first ▁well ▁at ▁R ough ▁Range ▁near ▁North ▁West ▁Cape ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 3 . ▁This ▁well ▁produced ▁at ▁a ▁rate ▁of ▁, ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁working ▁well ▁of ▁Australia ' s ▁commercial ▁pet role um ▁industry . ▁Despite ▁being ▁abandoned ▁as ▁non - com mer cial ▁in ▁the ▁mid ▁ 1 9 5 0 s , ▁consideration ▁was ▁given ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁to ▁re - work ▁the ▁find . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Category |
: P et role um ▁industry ▁in ▁Western ▁Australia ▁Category : N orth ▁West ▁Western ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁( in ▁case ▁cit ations , ▁S . D . ▁F la . ▁or ▁S . D . ▁Fl .) ▁is ▁the ▁federal ▁United ▁States ▁district ▁court ▁with ▁territorial ▁juris diction ▁over ▁the ▁southern ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Florida . ▁ ▁App e als ▁from ▁cases ▁brought ▁in ▁the ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁are ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Court ▁of ▁App e als ▁for ▁the ▁Ele vent h ▁Circ uit ▁( except ▁for ▁pat ent ▁claims ▁and ▁claims ▁against ▁the ▁U . S . ▁government ▁under ▁the ▁T ucker ▁Act , ▁which ▁are ▁appe aled ▁to ▁the ▁Federal ▁Circ uit ). ▁ ▁History ▁▁ ▁On ▁the ▁same ▁day ▁that ▁Florida ▁was ▁admitted ▁as ▁a ▁state , ▁March ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 8 4 5 , ▁Congress ▁en act ed ▁legisl ation ▁creating ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁District ▁of ▁Florida , ▁. ▁On ▁February ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 1 8 4 7 , ▁this ▁District ▁was ▁sub div ided ▁into ▁Northern ▁and ▁Southern ▁District s , ▁by ▁. ▁The ▁stat ute ▁effect ing ▁this ▁division ▁set ▁forth ▁the ▁boundaries ▁of ▁the ▁District s : ▁ ▁[ T ] hat ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Florida ▁lying ▁south ▁of ▁a ▁line ▁drawn ▁due ▁east ▁and ▁west ▁from ▁the ▁northern ▁point ▁of ▁Charlotte ▁Har bor , ▁including ▁the ▁islands , ▁keys |
, ▁re ef s , ▁sho als , ▁har b ors , ▁b ays ▁and ▁in lets , ▁south ▁of ▁said ▁line , ▁shall ▁be ▁ere cted ▁into ▁a ▁new ▁jud icial ▁district , ▁to ▁be ▁called ▁the ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ; ▁a ▁District ▁Court ▁shall ▁be ▁held ▁in ▁said ▁Southern ▁District , ▁to ▁consist ▁of ▁one ▁judge , ▁who ▁shall ▁res ide ▁at ▁Key ▁West , ▁in ▁said ▁district ... ▁ ▁On ▁July ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 1 9 6 2 , ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁was ▁created ▁from ▁port ions ▁of ▁these ▁districts ▁by ▁. ▁ ▁This ▁federal ▁district ▁has ▁the ▁dub ious ▁distinction ▁of ▁having ▁had ▁more ▁jud ges ▁removed ▁through ▁im pe achment ▁than ▁any ▁other ▁district , ▁with ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁two , ▁one - third ▁of ▁all ▁federal ▁district ▁jud ges ▁so ▁removed . ▁ ▁Fam ous ▁cases ▁that ▁have ▁been ▁heard ▁in ▁the ▁district ▁include ▁Bush ▁v . ▁G ore , ▁United ▁States ▁v . ▁Nor ie ga ▁( the ▁pro sec ution ▁of ▁former ▁Pan aman ian ▁military ▁leader ▁Manuel ▁Nor ie ga ), ▁González ▁v . ▁Ren o ▁( the ▁Eli án ▁González ▁case ), ▁not orious ▁Pon zi ▁sch emer ▁Scott ▁Roth stein , ▁and ▁United ▁States ▁v . ▁José ▁Pad illa ▁( the ▁pro sec ution ▁of ▁José ▁Pad illa ). ▁ ▁Jur is diction ▁▁ ▁The ▁court ' s ▁juris diction ▁compr ises ▁the ▁nine ▁count ies ▁of ▁Brow ard , ▁High lands , ▁Indian ▁River , ▁Martin , ▁Miami |
- D ade , ▁Mon roe , ▁O ke ech ob ee , ▁Pal m ▁Beach , ▁and ▁St . ▁Luc ie . ▁The ▁district ▁includes ▁the ▁South ▁Florida ▁metropol itan ▁area ▁of ▁Miami , ▁Fort ▁La ud erd ale , ▁and ▁West ▁Pal m ▁Beach . ▁It ▁compr ises ▁ ▁and ▁approximately ▁ 6 . 3 ▁million ▁people . ▁Cour th ouses , ▁corresponding ▁to ▁the ▁five ▁divisions ▁of ▁the ▁district , ▁are ▁located ▁in ▁Fort ▁La ud erd ale , ▁Fort ▁Pier ce , ▁Key ▁West , ▁Miami , ▁and ▁West ▁Pal m ▁Beach . ▁The ▁court ' s ▁offices ▁are ▁located ▁in ▁Miami . ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁Att orney ▁and ▁United ▁States ▁Marsh al ▁▁ ▁The ▁United ▁States ▁Att orney ▁for ▁the ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁represents ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁in ▁civil ▁and ▁criminal ▁lit ig ation ▁in ▁the ▁court . ▁The ▁current ▁United ▁States ▁Att orney ▁for ▁the ▁district ▁is ▁Ari ana ▁F aj ardo ▁Or sh an . ▁ ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁G ady aces ▁S . ▁Ser ral ta ▁was ▁confirmed ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Marsh al . ▁ ▁Current ▁jud ges ▁ ▁: ▁ ▁V ac an cies ▁and ▁pending ▁nomin ations ▁ ▁Form er ▁jud ges ▁ ▁Chief ▁jud ges ▁ ▁Su cc ession ▁of ▁seats ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Cour ts ▁of ▁Florida ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁current ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Jud ges ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁United ▁States ▁federal ▁cour th ouses ▁in ▁Florida ▁ |
▁United ▁States ▁Court ▁of ▁App e als ▁for ▁the ▁Ele vent h ▁Circ uit ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Northern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁official ▁website ▁ ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Florida ▁B log ▁– ▁By ▁att orney ▁David ▁Mark us ▁ ▁Florida , ▁Southern ▁District ▁Category : F lor ida ▁law ▁Category : M iami ▁Category : 1 8 4 7 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Florida ▁Category : C our th ouses ▁in ▁Florida ▁Category : F ort ▁La ud erd ale , ▁Florida ▁Category : West ▁Pal m ▁Beach , ▁Florida <0x0A> </s> ▁L t . ▁Gen . ▁Douglas ▁Edward ▁L ute ▁( born ▁November ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ) ▁is ▁a ▁U . S . ▁public ▁servant ▁who ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁P erman ent ▁Represent ative ▁to ▁NAT O ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁nominated ▁for ▁the ▁post ▁by ▁President ▁Ob ama ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁and ▁assumed ▁his ▁position ▁on ▁September ▁ 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁L ute ▁is ▁a ▁retired ▁United ▁States ▁Army ▁lieutenant ▁general . ▁ ▁On ▁May ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁L ute ▁was ▁appointed ▁by ▁George ▁W . ▁Bush ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁Ass |
istant ▁to ▁the ▁President ▁and ▁Deput y ▁National ▁Security ▁Ad visor ▁for ▁Ira q ▁and ▁Afghan istan . ▁ ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁referred ▁to ▁him ▁as ▁the ▁" W ar ▁Cz ar ", ▁since ▁he ▁occupied ▁a ▁senior ▁advis ory ▁position ▁responsible ▁for ▁over see ing ▁the ▁wars ▁in ▁Ira q ▁and ▁Afghan istan . ▁He ▁was ▁asked ▁to ▁stay ▁on ▁by ▁new ▁President ▁Bar ack ▁Ob ama ▁as ▁Ob ama ' s ▁Special ▁Ass istant ▁and ▁Senior ▁Co ordin ator ▁for ▁Afghan istan ▁and ▁Pakistan . ▁After ▁leaving ▁active ▁duty ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁L ute ▁remained ▁in ▁his ▁position ▁at ▁the ▁National ▁Security ▁Staff . ▁He ▁is ▁married ▁to ▁Jane ▁H oll ▁L ute , ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁Deput y ▁Secretary ▁of ▁Hom eland ▁Security ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁Education ▁L ute ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Michigan ▁City , ▁Indiana , ▁on ▁November ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 . ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Military ▁Academy ▁at ▁West ▁Point ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁ ▁His ▁first ▁assignment ▁was ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Arm ored ▁Caval ry ▁Regiment ▁in ▁Bind lach , ▁Germany , ▁where ▁he ▁commanded ▁C T ro op . ▁He ▁earned ▁a ▁M PA ▁degree ▁from ▁the ▁Kennedy ▁School ▁of ▁Government ▁of ▁Harvard ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁and ▁taught ▁in ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Social ▁Science ▁at ▁West ▁Point . ▁ ▁Second ▁Caval ry ▁Following |
▁attend ance ▁at ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁Staff ▁College , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Arm ored ▁Caval ry ▁Regiment ▁as ▁operations ▁officer , ▁serving ▁both ▁at ▁the ▁squad ron ▁and ▁regiment al ▁levels . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 0 – 9 1 ▁he ▁deployed ▁and ▁fought ▁with ▁the ▁regiment ▁in ▁Operation ▁Des ert ▁Storm , ▁and ▁later ▁served ▁on ▁the ▁staff ▁of ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Staff ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Army . ▁ ▁Ad van cement ▁L ute ▁commanded ▁ 1 st ▁Squadron , ▁ 7 th ▁Caval ry ▁at ▁Fort ▁H ood , ▁Texas , ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 2 – 9 4 . ▁He ▁then ▁served ▁on ▁the ▁J oint ▁Staff ▁in ▁the ▁J - 5 ▁Director ate ▁for ▁Str ateg ic ▁Pl ans ▁and ▁Policy , ▁and ▁held ▁a ▁War ▁College ▁Fellow ship ▁at ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Council ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁he ▁commanded ▁the ▁Second ▁Caval ry ▁Regiment , ▁part ▁of ▁XVIII ▁Air bor ne ▁Corps , ▁at ▁Fort ▁Pol k , ▁Louisiana . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁brig ad ier ▁general . ▁He ▁served ▁next ▁as ▁the ▁executive ▁assistant ▁to ▁the ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁J oint ▁Chief s ▁of ▁Staff ▁for ▁ 1 4 ▁months ▁before ▁joining ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁in ▁Schwe inf urt , ▁Germany , ▁as ▁the ▁Ass istant ▁Division ▁Commander ▁( Support ). ▁He ▁commanded ▁Mult |
in ational ▁Brigade ▁East ▁in ▁Kos ovo ▁for ▁six ▁months ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁before ▁being ▁assigned ▁to ▁United ▁States ▁European ▁Command ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁as ▁the ▁Deput y ▁Director ▁of ▁Oper ations . ▁ ▁In ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁L ute ▁began ▁more ▁than ▁two ▁years ▁as ▁Director ▁of ▁Oper ations ▁( J - 3 ) ▁at ▁United ▁States ▁Central ▁Command ▁( US C ENT COM ), ▁during ▁which ▁he ▁o vers aw ▁combat ▁operations ▁in ▁Ira q ▁and ▁Afghan istan ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁other ▁operations ▁in ▁the ▁Middle ▁East , ▁Central ▁Asia , ▁and ▁the ▁Horn ▁of ▁Africa . ▁He ▁was ▁appointed ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁major ▁general ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁and ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁lieutenant ▁general ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁He ▁assumed ▁the ▁duties ▁of ▁Director ▁of ▁Oper ations , ▁the ▁J oint ▁Staff , ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁National ▁Security ▁Council ▁On ▁June ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁the ▁Senate ▁confirmed ▁L ute ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁the ▁Deput y ▁National ▁Security ▁Ad visor . ▁ ▁He ▁remained ▁in ▁the ▁position ▁after ▁his ▁ret irement ▁from ▁active ▁duty ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 0 ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁L ute ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁should ▁" cons ider " ▁re inst ating ▁the ▁military ▁draft ▁to ▁rel ieve ▁the ▁" str essed " |
▁volunte er ▁service ▁from ▁multiple ▁t ours ▁of ▁duty . ▁This ▁was ▁immediately ▁followed ▁by ▁a ▁comment ▁that ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁a ▁major ▁policy ▁shift ▁and ▁that ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁see ▁a ▁current ▁need ▁for ▁a ▁draft . ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁decor ations ▁During ▁his ▁military ▁career ▁he ▁received : ▁ ▁Def ense ▁Super ior ▁Service ▁Medal ▁( with ▁ 3 ▁Oak ▁Le af ▁Cl ust ers ) ▁ ▁Leg ion ▁of ▁Mer it ▁( with ▁Oak ▁Le af ▁Cl uster ) ▁ ▁Bron ze ▁Star ▁Medal ▁ ▁Def ense ▁Mer itor ious ▁Service ▁Medal ▁ ▁Mer itor ious ▁Service ▁Medal ▁( with ▁ 4 ▁Oak ▁Le af ▁Cl ust ers ) ▁ ▁J oint ▁Service ▁Comm end ation ▁Medal ▁ ▁Army ▁Comm end ation ▁Medal ▁( with ▁ 2 ▁Oak ▁Le af ▁Cl ust ers ) ▁ ▁Army ▁Ach iev ement ▁Medal ▁ ▁Par ach ut ist ▁Bad ge ▁▁ ▁R anger ▁Tab ▁ ▁Office ▁of ▁the ▁Secretary ▁of ▁Def ense ▁Ident ification ▁Bad ge ▁ ▁J oint ▁Chief s ▁of ▁Staff ▁Ident ification ▁Bad ge ▁ ▁Army ▁Staff ▁Ident ification ▁Bad ge ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Text ▁adapted ▁from ▁public ▁domain ▁J oint ▁Chief s ▁of ▁Staff ▁bi ography ▁ ▁Douglas ▁L ute ▁at ▁Source Watch ▁ ▁Category : P erman ent ▁Representatives ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁to ▁NAT O ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Army ▁gener als ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Military ▁Academy ▁al umn i ▁Category : John ▁F . ▁Kennedy ▁School ▁of ▁Government ▁al umn |
i ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Michigan ▁City , ▁Indiana ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Leg ion ▁of ▁Mer it ▁Category : 1 9 5 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : Ge orge ▁W . ▁Bush ▁administration ▁personnel ▁Category : Ob ama ▁administration ▁personnel <0x0A> </s> ▁J ov ian ▁Hed iger ▁( born ▁December ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁in ▁Rein ach , ▁A arg au ) ▁is ▁a ▁Swiss ▁cross - country ▁sk ier . ▁ ▁Hed iger ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁for ▁Switzerland . ▁He ▁placed ▁ 4 7 th ▁in ▁the ▁qual ifying ▁round ▁in ▁the ▁s print , ▁failing ▁to ▁advance ▁to ▁the ▁knock out ▁stages . ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁his ▁best ▁showing ▁at ▁the ▁World ▁Championships ▁was ▁ 2 5 th ▁through ▁the ▁classical ▁s print ▁event ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁Hed iger ▁made ▁his ▁World ▁Cup ▁debut ▁in ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁As ▁of ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁his ▁best ▁finish ▁is ▁a ▁ 6 th , ▁in ▁a ▁fre est yle ▁s print ▁event ▁at ▁Tob lach ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 – 1 4 . ▁His ▁best ▁World ▁Cup ▁overall ▁finish ▁is ▁ 6 8 th , ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 - 1 4 . ▁His ▁best ▁World ▁Cup ▁finish ▁in ▁a ▁discipline ▁is ▁ 2 9 th , |
▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 - 1 4 ▁s print . ▁ ▁Olympic ▁results ▁ ▁World ▁Championship ▁results ▁ ▁World ▁Cup ▁results ▁All ▁results ▁are ▁s our ced ▁from ▁the ▁International ▁Ski ▁Federation ▁( F IS ). ▁ ▁World ▁Cup ▁stand ings ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁K ul m ▁District ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁cross - country ▁ski ers ▁of ▁Switzerland ▁Category : C ross - country ▁ski ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : C ross - country ▁ski ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : Sw iss ▁male ▁cross - country ▁ski ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Th y ro x ine ▁ 5 - de iod in ase ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁type ▁III ▁i od othy ron ine ▁de iod in ase ▁( EC ▁number ▁ 1 . 2 1 . 9 9 . 3 ) ▁is ▁an ▁en zym e ▁that ▁in ▁humans ▁is ▁encoded ▁by ▁the ▁D IO 3 ▁gene . ▁This ▁en zym e ▁catal ys es ▁the ▁following ▁chemical ▁reaction ▁▁▁ 3 , 3 ', 5 '- tri iod o - L - thy ron ine ▁+ ▁i od ide ▁+ ▁A ▁+ ▁H + ▁ ▁L - thy ro x ine ▁+ ▁A H 2 ▁ ▁The ▁protein ▁encoded ▁by ▁this ▁intr on less ▁gene ▁belongs ▁to ▁the ▁i od othy ron ine ▁de |
iod in ase ▁family . ▁It ▁catal y zes ▁the ▁in activ ation ▁of ▁thy roid ▁h orm one ▁by ▁inner ▁ring ▁de iod ination ▁of ▁the ▁pro h orm one ▁thy ro x ine ▁( T 4 ) ▁and ▁the ▁bio active ▁h orm one ▁ 3 , 3 ', 5 - tri iod othy ron ine ▁( T 3 ) ▁to ▁in active ▁met abol ites , ▁ 3 , 3 ', 5 '- tri iod othy ron ine ▁( RT 3 ) ▁and ▁ 3 , 3 '- d ii od othy ron ine ▁( T 2 ), ▁respectively . ▁This ▁en zym e ▁is ▁highly ▁expressed ▁in ▁the ▁pre gn ant ▁u ter us , ▁pla cent a , ▁f etal ▁and ▁ne on atal ▁t issues , ▁suggesting ▁that ▁it ▁plays ▁an ▁essential ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁reg ulation ▁of ▁thy roid ▁h orm one ▁in activ ation ▁during ▁emb ry ological ▁development . ▁ ▁Disc overy ▁▁ ▁The ▁gene ▁was ▁mapped ▁to ▁chrom os ome ▁ 1 4 q 3 2 ▁using ▁flu ores c ence ▁in ▁situ ▁hy brid ization ▁( F IS H ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁ ▁Str ucture ▁▁ ▁This ▁protein ▁contains ▁a ▁s elen oc yst e ine ▁( Sec ) ▁resid ue , ▁which ▁is ▁essential ▁for ▁efficient ▁en zym e ▁activity . ▁The ▁s elen oc yst e ine ▁is ▁encoded ▁by ▁the ▁U GA ▁cod on , ▁which ▁normally ▁signals ▁translation ▁term ination . ▁The ▁ |
3 ' ▁U TR ▁of ▁Sec - cont aining ▁gen es ▁have ▁a ▁common ▁stem - loop ▁structure , ▁the ▁sec ▁insert ion ▁sequence ▁( SE C IS ), ▁which ▁is ▁necessary ▁for ▁the ▁recognition ▁of ▁U GA ▁as ▁a ▁Sec ▁cod on ▁rather ▁than ▁as ▁a ▁stop ▁signal . ▁ ▁Function ▁▁ ▁The ▁D IO 3 ▁gene ▁codes ▁for ▁type ▁ 3 ▁i od othy ron ine ▁de iod in ase ▁( D 3 ), ▁an ▁en zym e ▁that ▁in activ ates ▁thy roid ▁h orm ones ▁and ▁is ▁highly ▁expressed ▁throughout ▁f etal ▁development , ▁pe aking ▁early ▁and ▁decre asing ▁towards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁gest ation . ▁ ▁Part ▁of ▁the ▁D L K 1 - D io 3 ▁im print ing ▁control ▁region , ▁this ▁gene ▁is ▁one ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁ep igen etic ▁process ▁that ▁causes ▁a ▁subset ▁of ▁gen es ▁to ▁be ▁reg ulated ▁based ▁on ▁their ▁parent al ▁origin ▁. ▁ ▁Such ▁im print ed ▁gen es ▁are ▁required ▁for ▁the ▁formation ▁of ▁the ▁pla cent a ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁cell ular ▁line ages ▁such ▁as ▁those ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁mes od erm ▁and ▁e ct od erm . ▁ ▁D 3 ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁pre gn ant ▁u ter us , ▁pla cent a , ▁and ▁m amm al ian ▁f etal ▁t issues ▁where ▁it ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁be ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁transfer ▁of ▁thy roid ▁h orm one ▁between ▁the ▁mother ▁and ▁fet us . ▁ ▁Expression ▁of |
▁D 3 ▁cont ributes ▁to ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁brain , ▁skin , ▁li ver , ▁b one , ▁ov ary , ▁test is , ▁int est ine , ▁and ▁brown ▁ad ip ose ▁t issue . ▁ ▁Int ro duct ory ▁observations ▁of ▁D 3 - def ic ient ▁m ice ▁indicate ▁growth ▁ret ard ation ▁and ▁even ▁some ▁ne on atal ▁death . ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁its ▁ability ▁to ▁activ ate ▁or ▁in activ ate ▁thy roid ▁h orm one , ▁D io 3 ▁coding ▁of ▁D 3 ▁could ▁be ▁a ▁target ▁for ▁th era pe ut ic ▁inter vention ▁in ▁ins ul in - related ▁ill ness ▁such ▁as ▁di ab etes . ▁ ▁In ▁addition , ▁an ▁ab normal ▁amount ▁of ▁D io 3 ▁related ▁to ▁ins u fficient ▁thy roid ▁h orm one ▁levels ▁could ▁be ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁dis ruption ▁of ▁brain ▁development ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁alco hol ▁expos ure . ▁ ▁Many ▁factors ▁modify ▁gen etic ▁im print ing ▁of ▁D io 3 , ▁making ▁it ▁a ▁potential ▁aid ▁in ▁understanding ▁pr en atal ▁ins ult s ▁and ▁their ▁production ▁of ▁spectrum ▁dis orders . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : EC ▁ 1 . 2 1 . 9 9 ▁Category : Gen es ▁on ▁human ▁chrom os ome ▁ 1 4 ▁Category : Develop ment al ▁gen es ▁and ▁prote ins <0x0A> </s> ▁David ▁Car r ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁In ▁academ ia ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( |
phen omen ology ▁scholar ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 4 0 ), ▁American ▁phenomen ology ▁scholar ▁and ▁phil os opher ▁ ▁David ▁M . ▁Car r , ▁professor ▁of ▁Old ▁Testament ▁at ▁Union ▁The ological ▁Sem inary ▁ ▁In ▁sport ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( ath lete ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 2 ), ▁Australian ▁track ▁and ▁field ▁ath lete ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( American ▁football ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 9 ), ▁American ▁football ▁quarter back ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( d arts ▁player ), ▁English ▁d arts ▁player ▁ ▁Other ▁people ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( A ID S ▁victim ) ▁( 1 9 3 3 – 1 9 5 9 ), ▁sus pected ▁first ▁Western ▁A ID S ▁victim ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( j ournal ist ) ▁( 1 9 5 6 – 2 0 1 5 ), ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁journalist ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( actor ) ▁( 1 9 6 6 - present ), ▁a ▁TV ▁actor ▁ ▁David ▁G . ▁Car r ▁( 1 8 0 9 – 1 8 8 3 ), ▁Virginia ▁politician ▁ ▁David ▁Car r ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 4 ), ▁drum mer ▁for ▁Christian ▁band ▁Third ▁Day ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Dave ▁Car r ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁David ▁& ▁Car r , ▁a ▁du o ▁consisting ▁of ▁tr ance ▁mus icians ▁Peter ▁Car r ▁and ▁David ▁Johnson ▁ ▁David ▁K arr ▁( 1 9 1 8 – 1 9 7 9 |
), ▁American ▁journalist , ▁business man , ▁and ▁Commun ist <0x0A> </s> ▁Leo ▁August ine ▁F url ong ▁Jr . ▁( Oct ober ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁– ▁June ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ) ▁was ▁a ▁politician ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁state ▁of ▁Florida . ▁He ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Florida ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 6 5 , ▁representing ▁D ade ▁County . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁death s ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁Florida ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁Char l eston , ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Miami ▁al umn i ▁Category : F lor ida ▁Democr ats <0x0A> </s> ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁mountain ▁in ▁the ▁Sil vre tta ▁range ▁of ▁the ▁Al ps ▁on ▁the ▁border ▁between ▁Austria ▁and ▁Switzerland . ▁It ▁forms ▁the ▁border ▁between ▁the ▁Swiss ▁canton ▁of ▁Gra ub ünd en ▁and ▁the ▁Aust rian ▁state ▁of ▁Vor ar l berg ▁and ▁is ▁the ▁highest ▁peak ▁in ▁Vor ar l berg . ▁ ▁Its ▁original ▁name ▁in ▁the ▁Rom ans h ▁language ▁is ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁Grand . ▁A ▁similar ▁but ▁smaller ▁sum mit ▁nearby ▁is ▁called ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁Pit schen ▁at ▁ 3 , 2 5 5 m ▁( 1 0 , 6 8 0 ft ). ▁P iz ▁Bu |
in ▁was ▁first ▁clim bed ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁July ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁by ▁Joseph ▁Anton ▁Spe cht ▁and ▁Johann ▁Jakob ▁We ilen mann , ▁gu ided ▁by ▁Jakob ▁P fit scher ▁and ▁Franz ▁P öll . ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁Pit schen ▁was ▁clim bed ▁three ▁years ▁later . ▁ ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁can ▁be ▁reached ▁from ▁the ▁Wies bad ener ▁h ut , ▁crossing ▁the ▁Verm unt ▁gla cier , ▁clim bing ▁up ▁the ▁Wies bad ener ▁r idge ▁and ▁h ik ing ▁over ▁the ▁O chs ental er ▁Gla cier ▁to ▁the ▁Bu in ▁gap . ▁From ▁the ▁gap ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁z ig z ag ▁walk ▁to ▁the ▁top , ▁with ▁only ▁a ▁ 2 0 m ▁( 6 5 ft ) ▁ste ep ▁step ▁to ▁sur mount ▁before ▁reaching ▁the ▁relatively ▁flat ▁sum mit ▁space , ▁which ▁has ▁an ▁old ▁wooden ▁cross ▁on ▁the ▁very ▁top . ▁The ▁border ▁between ▁Switzerland ▁and ▁Austria ▁cross es ▁the ▁sum mit ▁from ▁East ▁to ▁West . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁mountains ▁of ▁Switzerland ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁on ▁Sum mit post ▁P iz ▁Bu in ▁on ▁H ik r ▁ ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁the ▁Al ps ▁Category : Al pine ▁three - th ous and ers ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁Vor ar l berg ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁Switzerland ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁Gra ub ünd en ▁Category : A ust ria – Sw |
itzerland ▁border ▁Category : Intern ational ▁mountains ▁of ▁Europe ▁Category : Sil vre tta ▁Al ps <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Ho arus ib ▁River ▁is ▁an ▁e ph em eral ▁river ▁in ▁the ▁Kun ene ▁Region ▁region ▁of ▁north - western ▁Nam ib ia . ▁Its ▁source ▁is ▁near ▁the ▁regional ▁capital ▁O pu wo , ▁and ▁the ▁river ▁flows ▁through ▁the ▁T onn esen ▁and ▁G ira ffe ▁Mountains ▁into ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean . ▁The ▁Ho arus ib ▁occasionally ▁car ries ▁surface ▁water ▁during ▁the ▁ra iny ▁seasons ▁in ▁November ▁and ▁February / M arch . ▁The ▁catch ment ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁Ho arus ib ▁is ▁. ▁ ▁The ▁name ▁Ho arus ib ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁origin ated ▁from ▁the ▁ge ology ▁of ▁this ▁stretch ▁as ▁the ▁N ama ▁word ▁" ! nar use b " ▁means ▁" water ▁which ▁tw ists ▁and ▁turns ▁through ▁a ▁narrow ▁g orge ." ▁It ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁its ▁ste ep ▁can y on ▁walls ▁of ▁black ▁and ▁red ▁vol can ic ▁rock , ▁and ▁the ▁strange ▁mak al ani ▁pal ms ▁which ▁grows ▁from ▁the ▁pi ps ▁was hed ▁down ▁from ▁up stream . ▁Also ▁found ▁near ▁the ▁bank ▁are ▁" cl ay ▁castle " ▁form ations ▁created ▁by ▁the ▁grad ual ▁de position ▁and ▁er os ion ▁of ▁cl ay . ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁ ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Nam ib ia ▁Category : Ge ography ▁of ▁Kun ene ▁Region <0x0A> </s> ▁Stefan ▁P ater ▁( born ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁ 1 |
9 6 0 ) ▁is ▁a ▁retired ▁German ▁football ▁forward . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : G erman ▁football ers ▁Category : B undes liga ▁players ▁Category : V f L ▁Bo ch um ▁players ▁Category : Ar min ia ▁B iele feld ▁players ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁for wards <0x0A> </s> ▁I é na ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁station ▁on ▁Line ▁ 9 ▁of ▁the ▁Paris ▁M ét ro , ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁Avenue ▁d ' I é na . ▁ ▁The ▁station ▁opened ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁May ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁with ▁the ▁extension ▁of ▁the ▁line ▁from ▁Tro c ad éro ▁to ▁Saint - August in . ▁I é na ▁is ▁the ▁French ▁name ▁of ▁J ena ▁where ▁the ▁Napoleon ' s ▁army ▁beat ▁Pr uss ia ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 6 ▁at ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁J ena . ▁Near by ▁are ▁the ▁Gu imet ▁Museum ▁( As ian ▁art ) ▁and ▁the ▁Pal ais ▁de ▁Tokyo ▁( cont empor ary ▁art ▁museum ). ▁ ▁Station ▁layout ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Par is ▁M ét ro ▁stations ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁arr ondissement ▁of ▁Paris ▁Category : R ail way ▁stations ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁northern ▁sen net , ▁S phy ra ena ▁bore alis , ▁is ▁an ▁ocean - going ▁species ▁of ▁fish ▁in ▁the ▁bar rac uda ▁family , ▁S |
phy ra en idae . ▁It ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁the ▁American ▁zo ologist ▁James ▁Ell sw orth ▁De ▁Kay ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 2 . ▁De ▁Kay ' s ▁description ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁several ▁volumes ▁he ▁published ▁regarding ▁the ▁fa una ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁from ▁ 1 8 4 2 - 1 8 4 9 . ▁Northern ▁sen net ▁are ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁northern ▁bar rac uda . ▁While ▁generally ▁considered ▁a ▁game fish ▁it ▁has ▁only ▁rarely ▁been ▁used ▁as ▁food ▁by ▁humans . ▁ ▁Description ▁Like ▁other ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁S phy ra en idae , ▁northern ▁sen net ▁have ▁el ong ated ▁bodies , ▁pi ke - like ▁heads , ▁and ▁large ▁j aws . ▁The ▁lower ▁j aw ▁pro tr udes ▁slightly ▁from ▁the ▁upper ▁j aw , ▁both ▁of ▁which ▁contain ▁f ang - like ▁teeth . ▁They ▁have ▁two ▁d ors al ▁fins , ▁which ▁are ▁widely ▁separated ▁on ▁their ▁back s . ▁The ▁anterior ▁d ors al ▁fin ▁usually ▁poss esses ▁sp ines , ▁while ▁the ▁posterior ▁only ▁has ▁ray s . ▁Northern ▁sen net ▁have ▁ 2 4 ▁verte bra e . ▁They ▁also ▁have ▁five ▁or ▁six ▁sp ines ▁on ▁their ▁d ors al ▁fins ▁and ▁ 9 ▁ray s . ▁Their ▁anal ▁fins ▁have ▁only ▁two ▁sp ines ▁and ▁ 7 - 9 ▁ray s . ▁Northern ▁sen net ▁can ▁grow ▁to ▁be ▁up ▁to ▁ 4 6 cm ▁in ▁length , ▁but ▁they ▁are ▁generally ▁considered ▁the ▁smallest ▁of |
▁the ▁bar rac ud as ▁- ▁with ▁many ▁adult s ▁growing ▁to ▁less ▁than ▁ 1 ft ▁( 0 . 3 ▁m ) ▁in ▁length , ▁and ▁the ▁greatest ▁recorded ▁weight ▁being ▁only ▁ 0 . 9 3 kg . ▁ ▁Northern ▁sen net ▁are ▁o live - color ed , ▁d ors ally , ▁and ▁sil very - white ▁vent r ally . ▁They ▁also ▁have ▁several ▁dus ky ▁bl ot ches ▁along ▁their ▁later al ▁lines . ▁ ▁Distribution ▁and ▁habitat ▁ ▁Northern ▁sen net ▁can ▁only ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean . ▁Although ▁they ▁normally ▁occur ▁in ▁subt rop ical ▁clim ates ▁from ▁ 4 3 ° N ▁- ▁ 1 8 ° N ▁lat itudes , ▁they ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁from ▁Canada ▁and ▁Massachusetts ▁to ▁southern ▁Florida , ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico , ▁where ▁they ▁are ▁generally ▁re ef ▁associated , ▁and ▁the ▁eastern ▁coast ▁of ▁Pan ama . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁at ▁Z ip code zo o ▁at ▁G MA . org ▁ ▁Category : S phy ra en idae ▁Category : F ish ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 2 <0x0A> </s> ▁Muhammad ▁Abd ▁Al - H al im ▁Ab u - G h az ala ▁( 1 9 3 0 – 2 0 0 8 ) ▁( م ح م د ▁ ع ب د ▁ال ح ل ي م ▁ أ ب و ▁ غ ز ال ه ) ▁was ▁Def ense ▁Minister ▁of ▁Egypt ▁from ▁ |
1 9 8 1 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁was ▁se ated ▁next ▁to ▁An war ▁Sad at ▁when ▁the ▁president ▁was ▁assass in ated . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁and ▁education ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Zu h ur ▁Al ▁Om ara ▁Village , ▁D iling at , ▁Be h era ▁governor ate , ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 3 0 . ▁His ▁family ▁desc ended ▁from ▁" A w lad ▁A ly " ▁tribe . ▁After ▁comple ting ▁his ▁secondary ▁education , ▁he ▁joined ▁the ▁Egypt ian ▁Royal ▁Military ▁Academy , ▁then ▁he ▁received ▁the ▁batt alion ▁command ▁di pl oma ▁from ▁St alin ▁Academy ▁in ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 9 . ▁He ▁also ▁graduated ▁from ▁N asser ▁Academy ▁for ▁higher ▁military ▁education ▁( C airo ▁ 1 9 6 1 ). ▁On ▁the ▁civil ian ▁studies ▁side , ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁b ach elor ' s ▁degree ▁from ▁the ▁fac ulty ▁of ▁commerce , ▁C airo ▁University . ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁received ▁the ▁di pl oma ▁of ▁honor ▁from ▁the ▁National ▁War ▁College ▁in ▁the ▁U . S ., ▁thus ▁being ▁the ▁first ▁non - American ▁to ▁receive ▁such ▁an ▁award . ▁ ▁Besides ▁his ▁native ▁Arab ic , ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁was ▁also ▁fl uent ▁in ▁fl uent ▁in ▁English , ▁French ▁and ▁Russian . ▁ ▁Career ▁Abd ▁al - H al im ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁did ▁not ▁particip ate ▁in ▁the ▁Six - |
Day ▁War ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁as ▁he ▁was ▁serving ▁in ▁the ▁Western ▁Des ert . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Second ▁Army ' s ▁art illery ▁commander ▁during ▁the ▁October ▁War ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁After ▁the ▁war ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁Chief ▁of ▁Staff ▁of ▁the ▁Art illery ▁Corps . ▁Two ▁years ▁after ▁the ▁October ▁War ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁Sad at ▁appointed ▁him ▁as ▁a ▁military ▁att ache ▁in ▁Washington ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁There ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁non - American ▁military ▁to ▁receive ▁a ▁di pl oma ▁of ▁honor ▁from ▁the ▁Command ▁and ▁General ▁Staff ▁College ▁at ▁Carl is le ▁Bar ra cks . ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ale h ▁returned ▁to ▁C airo ▁three ▁years ▁later ▁as ▁Director ▁of ▁Military ▁Int elligence ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 7 9 . ▁He ▁was ▁appointed ▁Chief ▁of ▁Staff ▁of ▁the ▁Ar med ▁Forces ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 8 0 , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁promoted ▁two ▁days ▁later . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁Minister ▁of ▁Def ense ▁and ▁military ▁production , ▁A hm ad ▁B ada wi , ▁died ▁along ▁with ▁ 1 2 ▁senior ▁officers ▁in ▁a ▁hel ic opter ▁crash ▁on ▁ 2 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁An war ▁Sad at ▁appointed ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁minister ▁of ▁defense ▁and ▁military ▁production . ▁ ▁Short ly ▁before ▁An war ▁Sad at ▁was |
▁killed , ▁he ▁obtained ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Field ▁Marsh al ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁involved ▁with ▁Gust ▁Av rak otos ▁and ▁Charlie ▁Wilson ▁in ▁supp lying ▁weapons ▁to ▁the ▁Afghan ▁M uj ah ide en ▁during ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Afghan ▁war . ▁The ▁C IA ▁bought ▁the ▁weapons ▁and ▁passed ▁them ▁through ▁Pakistan ' s ▁I SI ▁to ▁the ▁Afghan ▁re bel ▁groups . ▁Items ▁included ▁. 3 0 3 ▁am mo ▁for ▁Lee – En field ▁rif les , ▁lim pet ▁mines , ▁and ▁urban ▁terror ist ▁devices ▁like ▁b icy cle ▁bomb s . ▁There ▁were ▁also ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁rock ets ▁that ▁some ▁believe ▁was ▁the ▁K aty ush a . ▁ ▁Project ▁T ▁and ▁removal ▁The ▁project ▁T ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁tri - n ational ▁program ▁with ▁Argentina , ▁and ▁Ira q ▁to ▁develop ▁a ▁two - stage ▁solid ▁and ▁liquid ▁prop ell ant ▁miss ile ▁with ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁. ▁This ▁program ▁was ▁referred ▁to ▁in ▁Argentina ▁as ▁the ▁Cond or ▁ 2 , ▁and ▁in ▁Ira q ▁as ▁the ▁B adr ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁The ▁Project ▁T ▁miss ile ▁is ▁a ▁Sc ud - B ▁variant , ▁whose ▁payload ▁was ▁probably ▁reduced ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁extend ▁its ▁range . ▁ ▁Egypt ian ▁president ▁M ub ar ak ▁removed ▁him ▁from ▁office ▁due ▁to ▁claims ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁involved ▁in ▁a ▁miss ile - parts ▁illegal ▁import ▁sc andal ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁by ▁viol ating |
▁U . S . ▁export ▁laws . ▁The ▁USA ▁did ▁not ▁allow ▁export ing ▁certain ▁materials ▁used ▁for ▁making ▁miss ile ▁heads ▁to ▁the ▁Egypt ian ▁military . ▁So ▁the ▁Egypt ian ▁intelligence ▁under ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ' s ▁commands ▁managed ▁to ▁import ▁those ▁materials ▁indirect ly ▁though ▁Germany ▁in ▁a ▁highly ▁complicated ▁under cover ▁intelligence ▁mission , ▁until ▁the ▁F BI ▁found ▁out ▁about ▁the ▁mission ▁and ▁issued ▁arrest ▁war r ants ▁for ▁the ▁involved ▁Egypt ian ▁Int elligence ▁officers ▁and ▁an ▁involved ▁Egypt ian ▁miss ile ▁scient ist . ▁▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁elections ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁was ▁briefly ▁rum ored ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁president ial ▁candidate ▁for ▁the ▁powerful ▁but ▁illegal ▁Muslim ▁Bro ther hood . ▁He ▁finally ▁did ▁not ▁run , ▁and ▁the ▁Muslim ▁Bro ther hood ▁did ▁not ▁field ▁a ▁candidate ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁cont ested ▁Egypt ian ▁president ial ▁elections . ▁The ▁Muslim ▁Bro ther hood ▁offered ▁him ▁to ▁run ▁as ▁their ▁president ial ▁candidate , ▁but ▁he ▁refused ▁due ▁to ▁their ▁different ▁ide ological ▁background s . ▁ ▁Field ▁Marsh al ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ale h ▁wrote ▁his ▁first ▁book ▁under ▁the ▁name ▁“ The ▁can n ons ▁were ▁launched ▁at ▁no on ▁.. ▁the ▁Egypt ian ▁art illery ▁through ▁the ▁Ram ad an ▁War ”, ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁explained ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁the ▁Egypt ian ▁art illery ▁in ▁the ▁October ▁War ▁and ▁revealed ▁his ▁views ▁and ▁his ▁military ▁doctrine ▁towards ▁Israel . |
▁ ▁Death ▁Ab u ▁Gh az ala ▁died ▁on ▁ 6 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁at ▁El - G alla ▁Military ▁Hospital ▁in ▁C airo ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 7 8 , ▁from ▁thro at ▁cancer . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 8 ▁death s ▁Category : Field ▁mar sh als ▁of ▁Egypt ▁Category : E gypt ian ▁Muslim s ▁Category : Free ▁Offic ers ▁Mov ement ▁Category : E gypt ian ▁gener als ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁cancer ▁in ▁Egypt ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁es oph age al ▁cancer ▁Category : Def ence ▁Minister s ▁of ▁Egypt ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Be he ira ▁Governor ate <0x0A> </s> ▁American ▁Id iot ▁is ▁a ▁s ung - through ▁rock ▁musical ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁concept ▁album ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁name ▁by ▁punk ▁rock ▁band ▁Green ▁Day . ▁After ▁a ▁run ▁at ▁the ▁Ber keley ▁Re pert ory ▁Theatre ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁the ▁show ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁St . ▁James ▁Theatre ▁on ▁Broadway . ▁Pre views ▁began ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁the ▁musical ▁officially ▁opened ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁The ▁show ▁closed ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁after ▁ 4 2 2 ▁performances . ▁While ▁Green ▁Day ▁did ▁not ▁appear ▁in ▁the ▁production |
, ▁vocal ist / gu itar ist ▁Bill ie ▁Joe ▁Arm strong ▁performed ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁" St . ▁Jimmy " ▁occasionally ▁throughout ▁the ▁run . ▁ ▁The ▁story , ▁expanded ▁from ▁that ▁of ▁the ▁album , ▁cent res ▁on ▁three ▁dis aff ected ▁young ▁men , ▁Johnny , ▁Will ▁and ▁Tun ny . ▁Johnny ▁and ▁Tun ny ▁fle e ▁a ▁st if ling ▁sub urban ▁l ifest yle ▁and ▁parent al ▁restrictions , ▁while ▁Will ▁stays ▁at ▁home ▁to ▁work ▁out ▁his ▁relationship ▁with ▁his ▁pre gn ant ▁girl friend , ▁He ather . ▁The ▁former ▁pair ▁look ▁for ▁meaning ▁in ▁life ▁and ▁try ▁out ▁the ▁freedom ▁and ▁excitement ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁Tun ny ▁quickly ▁gives ▁up ▁on ▁life ▁in ▁the ▁city , ▁joins ▁the ▁military ▁and ▁is ▁sh ipped ▁off ▁to ▁war . ▁Johnny ▁turns ▁to ▁dru gs ▁and ▁finds ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁himself ▁that ▁he ▁grows ▁to ▁dis like , ▁has ▁a ▁relationship ▁and ▁experiences ▁lost ▁love . ▁ ▁The ▁book ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Arm strong ▁and ▁director ▁Michael ▁May er . ▁The ▁music ▁was ▁composed ▁by ▁Green ▁Day ▁and ▁the ▁lyr ics ▁were ▁by ▁Arm strong . ▁The ▁score ▁included ▁all ▁the ▁songs ▁from ▁the ▁original ▁American ▁Id iot ▁album , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁additional ▁Green ▁Day ▁songs ▁from ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁concept ▁album ▁ 2 1 st ▁Century ▁Break down , ▁and ▁" When ▁It ' s ▁Time ", ▁a ▁song ▁originally ▁only ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁single ▁in ▁Britain . ▁ ▁The ▁musical ▁won |
▁two ▁Tony ▁Awards : ▁Best ▁Sc en ic ▁Design ▁of ▁a ▁Musical ▁for ▁Christ ine ▁Jones ▁and ▁Best ▁Light ing ▁Design ▁of ▁a ▁Musical ▁for ▁Kevin ▁Adams . ▁It ▁also ▁received ▁a ▁nom ination ▁for ▁Best ▁Musical . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁its ▁Broadway ▁cast ▁recording ▁won ▁a ▁Gram my ▁Award ▁for ▁Best ▁Musical ▁Show ▁Album . ▁ ▁Plot ▁Set ▁in ▁the ▁recent ▁past , ▁the ▁musical ▁opens ▁with ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁sub urban ▁youth s ▁living ▁unh app ily ▁in ▁" J ing let own , ▁USA ". ▁Fed ▁up ▁with ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁the ▁union , ▁the ▁company ▁expl odes ▁in ▁fr ustration ▁during ▁the ▁song ▁" American ▁Id iot ". ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁youth s , ▁Johnny , ▁begins ▁to ▁tell ▁his ▁story ▁in ▁the ▁five - song ▁med ley ▁" J es us ▁of ▁Sub urb ia ", ▁he ▁tal ks ▁about ▁coming ▁from ▁a ▁broken ▁home ▁and ▁seem ing ▁to ▁be ▁lost ▁in ▁the ▁world . ▁He ▁soon ▁goes ▁to ▁comm iser ate ▁with ▁his ▁friend ▁Will , ▁and ▁a ▁third ▁friend , ▁Tun ny , ▁joins ▁the ▁two ▁at ▁Will ' s ▁house . ▁As ▁they ▁party ▁and ▁get ▁dr unk ▁they ▁soon ▁run ▁out ▁of ▁be er , ▁prompt ing ▁them ▁to ▁pick ▁up ▁more ▁at ▁the ▁local ▁ 7 - E le ven . ▁Tun ny ▁soon ▁ex poses ▁the ▁do - nothing ▁go - now here ▁quick s and ▁of ▁their ▁lives ▁in ▁the ▁" City ▁of ▁the ▁Dam ned ". |
▁Re alis ing ▁they ▁aren ' t ▁going ▁anywhere , ▁Johnny ▁challeng es ▁his ▁friends ▁to ▁start ▁car ing ▁about ▁their ▁lives ▁and ▁everything ▁around ▁them ▁(" I ▁Don ' t ▁Care "). ▁So on ▁Will ' s ▁girl friend , ▁He ather , ▁comes ▁into ▁the ▁story . ▁She ▁finds ▁out ▁that ▁she ▁will ▁have ▁a ▁baby ▁soon , ▁and ▁after ▁seeing ▁Will ▁getting ▁dr unk ▁and ▁high ▁with ▁his ▁friends ▁she ▁feels ▁that ▁she ▁can ' t ▁get ▁through ▁to ▁him ▁in ▁" D ear ly ▁Bel oved ". ▁Johnny ▁bor rows ▁money ▁and ▁bu ys ▁bus ▁tick ets ▁to ▁the ▁city ▁for ▁the ▁three ▁young ▁men , ▁eager ▁to ▁escape ▁sub urb ia . ▁Before ▁the ▁boys ▁are ▁able ▁to ▁leave , ▁He ather ▁tells ▁Will ▁of ▁her ▁pre gn ancy . ▁With ▁no ▁other ▁choice , ▁he ▁tells ▁his ▁friends ▁he ▁must ▁stay ▁at ▁home ▁in ▁" T ales ▁of ▁Another ▁Bro ken ▁Home ". ▁Johnny ▁and ▁Tun ny ▁soon ▁depart ▁for ▁the ▁city ▁with ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁other ▁j aded ▁youth s ▁(" H olid ay "). ▁ ▁While ▁Johnny ▁wand ers ▁the ▁city ▁alone , ▁he ▁p ines ▁for ▁a ▁woman ▁he ▁sees ▁in ▁an ▁a partment ▁window . ▁Johnny ' s ▁dream s ▁and ▁expect ations ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁have ▁fallen ▁short ▁so ▁far ▁as ▁he ▁s ings ▁" B ou lev ard ▁of ▁Bro ken ▁Dream s ". ▁While ▁Tun ny ▁finds ▁it ▁hard ▁to ▁adjust ▁to ▁urban ▁life , ▁he ▁sp ends ▁his ▁time |
▁watching ▁television ▁and ▁is ▁s edu ced ▁by ▁America ' s ▁favour ite ▁son , ▁the ▁all - American ▁sex ▁symbol ▁who ▁everyone ▁wants ▁to ▁be . ▁He ▁is ▁slowly ▁convinced ▁that ▁the ▁favour ite ▁son ▁is ▁everything ▁he ▁wants ▁to ▁be ▁as ▁well . ▁(" F avor ite ▁Son "). ▁With ▁stars ▁in ▁his ▁eyes ▁from ▁F avor ite ▁Son ▁Tun ny ▁real ises ▁that ▁his ▁generation ▁has ▁been ▁so ▁num bed ▁and ▁a path etic ▁that ▁nothing , ▁not ▁even ▁the ▁bright ▁lights ▁of ▁the ▁city , ▁will ▁ex cite ▁him . ▁In ▁the ▁song ▁" Are ▁We ▁the ▁Wait ing ", ▁Tun ny ▁en lists ▁in ▁the ▁army ▁and ▁is ▁sh ipped ▁off . ▁ ▁Back ▁in ▁the ▁city , ▁a ▁fr ustr ated ▁Johnny ▁manifest s ▁a ▁reb elli ous ▁drug - de aling ▁alter ▁e go ▁called ▁St . ▁Jimmy . ▁Johnny ▁takes ▁party ▁dru gs ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁during ▁the ▁song ▁" St . ▁Jimmy ". ▁His ▁new - found ▁courage ▁thanks ▁to ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁and ▁the ▁dru gs ▁allow ▁Johnny ▁to ▁make ▁a ▁successful ▁move ▁on ▁the ▁girl ▁in ▁the ▁window . ▁Back ▁in ▁J ing let own , ▁Will ▁s its ▁on ▁the ▁c ouch ▁as ▁his ▁girl friend ' s ▁pre gn ancy ▁progress es . ▁He ▁drink s ▁be er ▁and ▁beg s ▁for ▁a ▁release . ▁Meanwhile , ▁Tun ny ▁is ▁deployed ▁to ▁a ▁war ▁zone , ▁and ▁is ▁soon ▁shot ▁and ▁wounded . ▁Will ▁and ▁Tun ny ▁sing ▁" |
G ive ▁Me ▁Nov ac aine " ▁as ▁they ▁are ▁both ▁in ▁need ▁of ▁a ▁pain ▁rel ie ver ▁in ▁their ▁current ▁pred ic aments . ▁ ▁Two ▁weeks ▁later , ▁Johnny ▁adm its ▁he ▁has ▁inject ed ▁hero in ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁and ▁sp ends ▁the ▁night ▁with ▁the ▁girl ▁he ▁saw ▁in ▁the ▁window , ▁whom ▁he ▁calls ▁" What ser name ". ▁Johnny ▁is ▁sm itten ▁with ▁What ser name ▁and ▁wants ▁to ▁celebr ate , ▁but ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁has ▁other ▁plans ▁for ▁them ▁in ▁" Last ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Girls / She ' s ▁a ▁Reb el " ▁where ▁Johnny ▁and ▁What ser name ▁go ▁to ▁a ▁club ▁together . ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁hands ▁Johnny ▁hero in ▁and ▁he ▁press ures ▁What ser name ▁into ▁inject ing ▁with ▁him . ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁sets ▁the ▁m ood , ▁What ser name ▁express es ▁her ▁trust ▁in ▁Johnny , ▁and ▁He ather ▁p led ges ▁her ▁love ▁to ▁her ▁new born ▁baby ▁in ▁" Last ▁Night ▁on ▁Earth ". ▁ ▁Will ▁is ▁increasing ly ▁neglect ful ▁as ▁He ather ▁tender ly ▁commits ▁herself ▁to ▁her ▁baby ' s ▁future . ▁He ather ▁has ▁had ▁enough ▁of ▁Will ' s ▁pot - and - al co hol - f uel led ▁a path y . ▁Despite ▁Will ' s ▁protest ations , ▁she ▁takes ▁the ▁baby ▁and ▁wal ks ▁out ▁(" To o ▁Much , ▁To o ▁So on "). ▁At ▁around ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁lying ▁in ▁a |
▁bed ▁in ▁an ▁army ▁hospital ▁(" Before ▁the ▁Lob ot omy "), ▁Tun ny ▁falls ▁victim ▁to ▁the ▁hop eless ness ▁he ▁has ▁seen ▁during ▁w art ime ▁and ▁hall uc in ates . ▁He ▁and ▁his ▁nur se ▁eng age ▁in ▁a ▁bal let ic ▁aer ial ▁dance ▁(" Extra ordinary ▁Girl "). ▁He ▁quickly ▁falls ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁her . ▁His ▁hall uc ination ▁disapp ears , ▁and ▁he ' s ▁left ▁with ▁his ▁fellow ▁soldiers ▁in ▁ag ony ▁(" Before ▁the ▁Lob ot omy ▁( Re prise ) "). ▁ ▁Back ▁in ▁the ▁city , ▁Johnny ▁reve als ▁the ▁depth ▁of ▁his ▁love ▁for ▁What ser name ▁as ▁she ▁sle eps ▁(" When ▁It ' s ▁Time "). ▁The ▁tempt ation ▁of ▁dru gs , ▁however , ▁is ▁too ▁great ; ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁forces ▁Johnny ▁to ▁become ▁increasing ly ▁err atic , ▁and ▁he ▁eventually ▁threat ens ▁What ser name ▁( and ▁then ▁himself ) ▁with ▁a ▁kn ife ▁(" K now ▁Your ▁En emy "). ▁What ser name ▁attempts ▁to ▁talk ▁about ▁Johnny ' s ▁behaviour , ▁while ▁the ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl ▁dress es ▁Tun ny ' s ▁w ounds ▁and ▁He ather ▁and ▁her ▁baby ▁are ▁far ▁away ▁from ▁Will ▁who ▁s its ▁on ▁the ▁c ouch , ▁once ▁again ▁alone ▁(" 2 1 ▁G uns "). ▁Johnny ▁leaves ▁a ▁note ▁for ▁What ser name , ▁saying ▁he ▁has ▁chosen ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁and ▁dru gs ▁over ▁her . ▁An gry ▁and ▁done , ▁What ser |
name ▁tells ▁Johnny ▁that ▁he ▁is ▁not ▁the ▁" J es us ▁of ▁Sub urb ia " ▁and ▁reve als ▁that ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁is ▁nothing ▁more ▁than ▁" a ▁fig ment ▁of ▁[ his ] ▁father ' s ▁ra ge ▁and ▁[ his ] ▁mother ' s ▁love " ▁(" Let ter b omb "). ▁She ▁leaves ▁him ▁and ▁his ▁unw illing ness ▁to ▁acknow ledge ▁his ▁issues ▁behind . ▁ ▁H urt ▁by ▁What ser name ' s ▁departure , ▁Johnny ▁long s ▁for ▁better ▁days ▁ahead , ▁Tun ny ▁long s ▁for ▁home , ▁and ▁Will ▁long s ▁for ▁all ▁the ▁things ▁he ' s ▁lost ▁(" W ake ▁Me ▁Up ▁When ▁September ▁End s "). ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁appears ▁and ▁makes ▁one ▁last ▁attempt ▁to ▁get ▁Johnny ' s ▁attention , ▁but ▁Johnny ▁has ▁made ▁the ▁conscious ▁decision ▁to ▁end ▁his ▁self ▁destruction , ▁resulting ▁in ▁the ▁met ap hor ical ▁suic ide ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁(" The ▁Death ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy "). ▁Johnny ▁cle ans ▁up ▁and ▁gets ▁a ▁des k ▁job ▁but ▁soon ▁real ises ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁place ▁for ▁him ▁there ▁or ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁(" E ast ▁ 1 2 th ▁Street "). ▁Will , ▁all ▁alone ▁with ▁his ▁television , ▁bem o ans ▁his ▁out cast ▁state ▁(" N ob ody ▁L ikes ▁You "). ▁Will ▁imag ines ▁He ather ▁appearing ▁with ▁her ▁new ▁show - off ▁rock star ▁boy friend ▁who ▁is ▁much ▁cool er ▁than ▁Will ▁(" R ock ▁and |
▁Roll ▁Girl friend "). ▁S ick ▁of ▁stay ing ▁on ▁his ▁c ouch , ▁Will ▁heads ▁to ▁the ▁ 7 - E le ven ▁and , ▁surprising ly , ▁finds ▁Johnny ▁there . ▁Johnny ▁had ▁sold ▁his ▁guitar ▁for ▁a ▁bus ▁ticket ▁home . ▁Tun ny ▁returns ▁from ▁the ▁war ▁zone ▁( as ▁an ▁am put ee ) ▁with ▁the ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl . ▁As ▁Tun ny ▁introdu ces ▁his ▁friends ▁to ▁the ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl , ▁Johnny ▁becomes ▁fur ious ▁with ▁him ▁for ▁leaving ▁the ▁group , ▁but ▁quickly ▁forg ives ▁him ▁and ▁the ▁three ▁friends ▁em brace . ▁He ather ▁and ▁her ▁rock star ▁boy friend ▁arrive ▁in ▁style . ▁In ▁an ▁une asy ▁tr uce , ▁she ▁gives ▁the ▁baby ▁to ▁Will . ▁Other ▁friends ▁show ▁up ▁to ▁gre et ▁the ▁three ▁men ▁they ▁haven ' t ▁seen ▁in ▁a ▁year ▁(" We ' re ▁Com ing ▁Home ▁Again "). ▁One ▁year ▁later , ▁Johnny ▁l aments ▁that ▁he ▁lost ▁the ▁love ▁of ▁his ▁life , ▁but ▁he ▁accepts ▁that ▁he ▁can ▁live ▁inside ▁the ▁struggle ▁between ▁ra ge ▁and ▁love ▁that ▁has ▁defined ▁his ▁life . ▁With ▁this ▁accept ance ▁comes ▁the ▁possibility ▁of ▁hope ▁(" What ser name "). ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁cast ▁takes ▁their ▁b ows , ▁the ▁cur tain ▁r ises ▁to ▁reve al ▁the ▁entire ▁company ▁with ▁gu it ars , ▁and ▁they ▁perform ▁" Good ▁R idd ance ▁( Time ▁of ▁Your ▁Life ) ". ▁Each ▁performance ▁of ▁this ▁song ▁was ▁recorded |
▁and ▁given ▁to ▁the ▁audience ▁as ▁a ▁free ▁digital ▁download . ▁ ▁Char acters ▁and ▁cast ▁members ▁The ▁principal ▁cast ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁major ▁produ ctions ▁of ▁American ▁Id iot . ▁ ▁Background ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁Green ▁Day ▁released ▁the ▁album ▁Warning . ▁Village ▁Vo ice ▁music ▁critic ▁Robert ▁Christ g au ▁compared ▁Warning ▁to ▁the ▁band ' s ▁previous ▁album ▁( N im rod ), ▁and ▁noted ▁that ▁"[ B ill ie ▁Joe ▁Arm strong ▁is ] ▁abandon ing ▁the ▁first ▁person . ▁He ' s ▁assuming ▁fict ional ▁personas . ▁And ▁he ' s ▁creating ▁for ▁himself ▁the ▁voice ▁of ▁a ▁thinking ▁left - li ber al ." ▁Christ g au ▁also ▁detected ▁" a ▁faint ▁wh iff " ▁of ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁the ▁the atr ical ▁composer / ly ric ist ▁team ▁of ▁Kurt ▁We ill ▁and ▁Bert olt ▁Bre cht . ▁The ▁tr end ▁of ▁writing ▁in ▁the ▁third ▁person ▁came ▁to ▁f ru ition ▁with ▁Green ▁Day ' s ▁next ▁studio ▁album , ▁American ▁Id iot ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁The ▁first ▁new ▁song ▁Green ▁Day ▁wrote ▁was ▁the ▁single ▁" American ▁Id iot ". ▁ ▁One ▁day , ▁bass ist ▁Mike ▁Dir nt ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁studio ▁recording ▁a ▁ 3 0 - second ▁song ▁by ▁himself . ▁Arm strong ▁decided ▁that ▁he ▁wanted ▁to ▁do ▁the ▁same , ▁and ▁drum mer ▁Tr é ▁C ool ▁followed ▁suit . ▁Arm strong ▁re called , ▁" It ▁started ▁getting ▁more ▁serious |
▁as ▁we ▁tried ▁to ▁out do ▁one ▁another . ▁We ▁kept ▁connecting ▁these ▁little ▁half - min ute ▁bits ▁until ▁we ▁had ▁something ." ▁This ▁musical ▁suite ▁became ▁" Home coming ", ▁and ▁the ▁group ▁subsequently ▁wrote ▁another ▁suite , ▁" J es us ▁of ▁Sub urb ia ". ▁ ▁Green ▁Day ▁made ▁the ▁record ▁an ▁album - long ▁concept ual ▁piece ▁which ▁was ▁a ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁real ities ▁of ▁the ▁post - 9 / 1 1 ▁era . ▁The ▁band ▁took ▁insp iration ▁from ▁the ▁concept ▁records ▁by ▁The ▁Who , ▁sources ▁in ▁the ▁musical ▁the ater ▁re per toire ▁like ▁The ▁Rock y ▁Hor ror ▁Show ▁and ▁West ▁Side ▁Story , ▁and ▁the ▁concept ▁album - come - stage ▁musical ▁Jesus ▁Christ ▁Super star . ▁Arm strong ▁also ▁said ▁the ▁band ▁intended ▁" that ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁st aged ▁or ▁we ' d ▁create ▁a ▁film ▁or ▁something ... ▁we ▁were ▁thinking ▁in ▁terms ▁that ▁it ▁kind ▁of ▁felt ▁like ▁scoring ▁a ▁movie ." ▁ ▁Director ▁Michael ▁May er ▁heard ▁the ▁album ▁and ▁expressed ▁an ▁interest ▁in ▁adapt ing ▁it ▁for ▁the ▁stage . ▁When ▁he ▁approached ▁the ▁band ▁regarding ▁a ▁collaboration , ▁they ▁agreed ▁to ▁work ▁with ▁him . ▁The ▁band ▁also ▁gave ▁May er ▁a ▁wide ▁latitude ▁for ▁his ▁adaptation ▁after ▁seeing ▁his ▁earlier ▁work ▁in ▁Spring ▁Aw ak ening . ▁Though ▁additional ▁songs ▁were ▁included ▁from ▁the ▁Green ▁Day ▁catalog ue , ▁May er ▁added ▁very ▁little ▁dialog ue ▁to ▁the ▁show . ▁He ▁felt ▁instead ▁that |
▁the ▁music ▁and ▁lyr ics ▁were ▁express ive ▁enough ▁on ▁their ▁own , ▁and ▁even ▁removed ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁dialog ue ▁that ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Ber keley ▁production ▁before ▁the ▁show ▁moved ▁to ▁Broadway . ▁ ▁Production ▁history ▁ ▁Ber keley ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁The ▁musical ▁premier ed ▁at ▁the ▁Ber keley ▁Re pert ory ▁Theatre . ▁Pre views ▁began ▁on ▁September ▁ 4 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁the ▁official ▁opening ▁was ▁on ▁September ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁After ▁becoming ▁the ▁top - g ross ing ▁show ▁in ▁the ▁theatre ' s ▁history , ▁the ▁produ cers ▁extended ▁the ▁limited ▁run ▁twice ▁to ▁November ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁The ▁cast ▁included ▁John ▁Gall ag her ▁Jr . ▁as ▁Johnny , ▁Matt ▁Cap lan ▁as ▁Tun ny , ▁Michael ▁Es per ▁as ▁Will , ▁Tony ▁Vincent ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁Reb e cca ▁Na omi ▁Jones ▁as ▁What ser name , ▁Mary ▁Fab er ▁as ▁He ather , ▁and ▁Christ ina ▁S aj ous ▁as ▁the ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl . ▁ ▁Broadway ▁( 2 0 1 0 – 2 0 1 1 ) ▁The ▁musical ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁St . ▁James ▁Theatre ▁on ▁Broadway , ▁with ▁pre views ▁beginning ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁It ▁officially ▁opened ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁The ▁cast ▁for ▁the ▁Ber keley ▁Re |
pert ory ▁production ▁was ▁retained ▁for ▁the ▁Broadway ▁production , ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁Cap lan , ▁who ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁St ark ▁S ands . ▁It ▁was ▁rum ored ▁that ▁the ▁show ▁cost ▁between ▁$ 8 ▁million ▁and ▁$ 1 0 ▁million ▁to ▁produce . ▁After ▁six ▁months ▁of ▁performances , ▁the ▁show ▁was ▁" st ill ▁a ▁ways ▁off ▁from ▁possibly ▁turning ▁a ▁profit " ▁according ▁to ▁a ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁report . ▁As ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁promotion ▁for ▁the ▁show , ▁the ▁cast ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁Gram my ▁Awards ▁on ▁January ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁with ▁Green ▁Day . ▁ ▁Tom ▁K itt ▁was ▁the ▁music ▁super visor ▁and ▁orch estr ator ▁for ▁both ▁the ▁Ber keley ▁and ▁Broadway ▁produ ctions . ▁The ▁lead ▁produ cers ▁for ▁the ▁show ▁were ▁Ira ▁P ittel man ▁and ▁Tom ▁H ul ce . ▁V ive k ▁T iw ary ▁was ▁another ▁producer . ▁The ▁cre ative ▁team ▁for ▁the ▁show ▁was ▁largely ▁the ▁same ▁as ▁for ▁the ▁musical ▁adaptation ▁of ▁Spring ▁Aw ak ening : ▁director ▁Michael ▁May er , ▁scen ic ▁designer ▁Christ ine ▁Jones ▁and ▁light ing ▁designer ▁Kevin ▁Adams . ▁Steven ▁Hog get t ▁was ▁the ▁ch ore ograph er , ▁Andrea ▁L auer ▁was ▁the ▁cost ume ▁designer ▁and ▁Brian ▁Ron an ▁was ▁the ▁sound ▁designer . ▁ ▁Green ▁Day ' s ▁Bill ie ▁Joe ▁Arm strong ▁played ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁from ▁September ▁ 2 8 ▁to ▁October ▁ |
3 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁T icket ▁sales ▁for ▁the ▁week ▁Arm strong ▁performed ▁were ▁up ▁ 7 7 %, ▁average ▁ticket ▁prices ▁increased ▁ 2 2 %, ▁and ▁gross ▁sales ▁increased ▁ 1 2 7 % ▁from ▁the ▁previous ▁week ' s ▁tot als . ▁The ▁singer - song writer ▁filled ▁in ▁for ▁Tony ▁Vincent ▁who ▁took ▁time ▁off ▁for ▁personal ▁matters . ▁Arm strong ▁made ▁another ▁ 5 0 ▁appearances ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁between ▁January ▁ 1 ▁and ▁February ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁Mel issa ▁E ther idge ▁played ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁on ▁Broadway ▁from ▁February ▁ 1 – 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁and ▁Dave y ▁Hav ok ▁took ▁the ▁role ▁from ▁March ▁ 1 – 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁Following ▁Arm strong ' s ▁departure ▁from ▁the ▁cast , ▁the ▁show ▁experienced ▁weak ▁sales . ▁The ▁Broadway ▁production ▁closed ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁after ▁ 2 7 ▁pre views ▁and ▁ 4 2 1 ▁performances . ▁Arm strong ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁for ▁the ▁final ▁three ▁weeks . ▁The ▁show ' s ▁cast ▁recording ▁won ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Gram my ▁Award ▁for ▁Best ▁Musical ▁Show ▁Album . ▁ ▁International ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 1 – 2 0 1 4 ) ▁American ▁Id iot ▁tou red ▁North ▁America ▁beginning ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 |
8 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁in ▁Toronto , ▁Ontario , ▁Canada . ▁The ▁original ▁national ▁tour ▁cast ▁included ▁Van ▁Hugh es ▁repr ising ▁his ▁role ▁as ▁Johnny , ▁J ake ▁Ep stein ▁as ▁Will , ▁Scott ▁J . ▁Campbell ▁as ▁Tun ny , ▁Les lie ▁Mc Don el ▁as ▁He ather , ▁Gab ri elle ▁Mc Cl inton ▁as ▁What ser name , ▁Nic ci ▁Cl asp ell ▁as ▁The ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl , ▁and ▁Broadway ▁al umn us ▁Josh ua ▁Kob ak ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy . ▁The ▁tour ▁closed ▁on ▁July ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁at ▁the ▁Or phe um ▁Theatre ▁in ▁San ▁Francisco , ▁California . ▁A ▁non - Equ ity ▁second ▁U . S . ▁tour ▁launched ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁summer ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁A ▁UK ▁and ▁Ireland ▁tour ▁visited ▁Manchester , ▁South am pton , ▁Card iff , ▁Edinburgh , ▁Glasgow , ▁Dublin , ▁B irmingham ▁and ▁London ▁later ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁The ▁cast ▁included ▁Alex ▁Ne e ▁as ▁Johnny , ▁Case y ▁O ' F ar rell ▁as ▁Will , ▁Thomas ▁Het tr ick ▁as ▁Tun ny , ▁Kennedy ▁C augh ell ▁as ▁He ather , ▁A ly ss a ▁Di Pal ma ▁as ▁What ser name , ▁Jen na ▁Rub ai i ▁as ▁The ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl , ▁and ▁Tr ent ▁Sau nd ers ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy . ▁It ▁started ▁on ▁October ▁ 9 , ▁ |
2 0 1 2 ▁in ▁South am pton ▁and ▁ended ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁at ▁H M V ▁Hamm ers m ith ▁Apol lo ▁in ▁London . ▁A ▁second ▁US ▁tour ▁began ▁performances ▁in ▁Nor folk , ▁Virginia ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁with ▁the ▁UK ▁tour ing ▁cast . ▁It ▁ended ▁Las ▁Veg as , ▁Nev ada ▁on ▁June ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁On ▁August ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁American ▁Id iot ▁made ▁its ▁debut ▁in ▁Tokyo , ▁Japan , ▁and ▁a ▁few ▁weeks ▁later ▁on ▁September ▁ 5 , ▁it ▁made ▁its ▁South ▁Korean ▁debut ▁in ▁Se oul . ▁Se an ▁Michael ▁Murray ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁Johnny , ▁Maria h ▁Mac F ar lane ▁took ▁over ▁as ▁He ather , ▁and ▁Daniel ▁C . ▁Jackson ▁took ▁over ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy . ▁ ▁A ▁non - Equ ity ▁third ▁US ▁national ▁tour ▁cast ▁included ▁J ared ▁Ne put e ▁as ▁Johnny , ▁Case y ▁O ' F ar rell ▁as ▁Will , ▁Dan ▁T racy ▁as ▁Tun ny , ▁Maria h ▁Mac F ar lane ▁as ▁He ather , ▁Oliv ia ▁P uck ett ▁as ▁What ser name , ▁Taylor ▁Jones ▁as ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl , ▁and ▁Daniel ▁C . ▁Jackson ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy . ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁Car son ▁H igg ins |
, ▁who ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁previous ▁non - equ ity / UK ▁tour , ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁after ▁Daniel ▁C . ▁Jackson ▁left ▁the ▁show . ▁The ▁tour ▁ended ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁Mal m ö ▁( 2 0 1 5 ) ▁American ▁Id i ots ▁Sc and in av ian ▁premi ere ▁at ▁the ▁Mal m ö ▁Opera ▁from ▁February ▁to ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁was ▁a ▁new ▁production ▁of ▁the ▁musical . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁official ▁production ▁not ▁to ▁be ▁directed ▁by ▁Michael ▁May er . ▁The ▁songs ▁were ▁performed ▁in ▁English ▁but ▁the ▁dialog ue ▁was ▁spoken ▁in ▁Swedish . ▁ ▁West ▁End ▁( 2 0 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ) ▁ ▁A ▁production ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁at ▁the ▁Arts ▁Theatre ▁in ▁the ▁West ▁End . ▁The ▁cast ▁includes ▁Am elia ▁L ily ▁as ▁What ser name , ▁A aron ▁Sid well ▁as ▁Johnny , ▁Alex is ▁Ger red ▁as ▁Tun ny , ▁Steve ▁Rus ht on ▁as ▁Will ▁and ▁Lucas ▁R ush ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁The ▁show ▁was ▁produced ▁by ▁S ell ▁a ▁Do or ▁Theatre ▁Company ▁and ▁directed ▁and ▁Ch ore ograph ed ▁by ▁R ack y ▁Ple ws ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁announced ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁that ▁the ▁production ▁would ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁Arts ▁Theatre ▁for ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁ 2 0 |
1 6 ▁after ▁a ▁UK ▁tour ▁con cluding ▁in ▁B elf ast ▁in ▁early ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁Matt ▁Thor pe ▁played ▁Johnny ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁stages ▁of ▁the ▁tour ▁until ▁Newton ▁Fa ulk ner ▁became ▁available . ▁In ▁the ▁West ▁End , ▁Newton ▁Fa ulk ner ▁continued ▁to ▁play ▁Johnny . ▁Matt ▁Thor pe ▁made ▁a ▁few ▁further ▁guest ▁appearances ▁as ▁Johnny ▁before ▁taking ▁over ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁Will ▁from ▁Steve ▁Rus ht on . ▁ ▁San ▁Jose ▁( 2 0 1 6 ) ▁A ▁production ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁San ▁Jose ▁by ▁City ▁L ights ▁Theatre ▁Company . ▁It ▁ran ▁from ▁July ▁ 1 4 ▁to ▁August ▁ 2 1 , ▁but ▁was ▁extended ▁by ▁an ▁extra ▁week . ▁ ▁V ancouver ▁( 2 0 1 6 ) ▁A ▁production ▁by ▁Fight ing ▁Ch ance ▁Produ ctions ▁ran ▁from ▁July ▁ 2 8 ▁to ▁August ▁ 2 7 ▁alongside ▁the ▁theatre ▁company ' s ▁production ▁of ▁He athers ▁at ▁Gran ville ▁Island ' s ▁Water front ▁Theatre . ▁This ▁was ▁the ▁Western ▁Canadian ▁premi ere ▁of ▁American ▁Id iot . ▁ ▁Br is b ane ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁American ▁Id iot ▁had ▁its ▁Australian ▁debut ▁at ▁the ▁Queensland ▁Perform ing ▁Arts ▁Centre ▁from ▁February ▁ 2 3 ▁to ▁March ▁ 1 2 . ▁The ▁role ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁was ▁shared ▁between ▁Australian ▁rock ▁mus icians ▁Chris ▁Chen ey ▁( The ▁Living ▁End ), ▁and ▁Phil ▁Jam ies on ▁( Gr in sp oon ). ▁ |
▁Buenos ▁Aires ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁A ▁production ▁will ▁open ▁in ▁Buenos ▁Aires , ▁Argentina ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁through ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁eight ▁weeks . ▁All ▁the ▁songs ▁from ▁the ▁musical ▁will ▁be ▁adapted ▁to ▁Spanish ▁with ▁a ▁few ▁selected ▁dates ▁on ▁its ▁original ▁language . ▁ ▁C open hagen ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁A ▁production ▁will ▁open ▁in ▁C open hagen , ▁Den mark ▁on ▁September ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁through ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁seven ▁weeks . ▁ ▁Frankfurt ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁the ▁first ▁German ▁production ▁of ▁American ▁Id iot ▁opened ▁at ▁the ▁ren owned ▁rock ▁concert ▁ven ue ▁Bat sch k app ▁in ▁Frankfurt . ▁The ▁production , ▁which ▁is ▁mounted ▁by ▁the ▁startup ▁company ▁Off - Mus ical ▁Frankfurt , ▁is ▁directed ▁by ▁Thomas ▁Hel mut ▁He ep . ▁The ▁cre ative ▁team ▁also ▁consists ▁of ▁Ludwig ▁Mond ▁( ch ore ograph er ) ▁and ▁Dean ▁Wil ming ton ▁( mus ical ▁director ). ▁The ▁lyr ics ▁were ▁translated ▁into ▁German ▁by ▁Tit us ▁Hoff mann . ▁The ▁production ▁gar ner ed ▁positive ▁reviews , ▁with ▁J ens ▁Als bach ▁from ▁Musical zent rale ▁saying ▁that ▁it ▁" sets ▁new ▁standards ▁for ▁musical ▁theatre ▁in ▁Germany ." ▁ ▁Australian ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁Following ▁the ▁success ▁of ▁the ▁musical ' s ▁ 2 0 1 |
7 ▁run ▁in ▁Br is b ane , ▁it ▁returned ▁for ▁a ▁second ▁season ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁tour ing ▁around ▁Australia . ▁Perform ances ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁Sydney , ▁Ad ela ide , ▁Per th ▁and ▁Melbourne , ▁before ▁returning ▁to ▁Br is b ane , ▁and ▁then ▁ending ▁in ▁Dar win . ▁The ▁role ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁was ▁shared ▁between ▁Australian ▁rock ▁mus icians ▁Phil ▁Jam ies on ▁( Gr in sp oon ), ▁Sarah ▁Mc Le od ▁( The ▁Super jes us ) ▁and ▁Ad al ita ▁S rs en ▁( Mag ic ▁D irt ). ▁ ▁Rio ▁de ▁Janeiro ▁( T BA ) ▁A ▁production ▁will ▁open ▁in ▁Rio ▁de ▁Janeiro . ▁First ▁announced ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁it ▁currently ▁has ▁no ▁release ▁date . ▁ ▁São ▁Paulo ▁( T BA ) ▁A ▁production ▁was ▁expected ▁to ▁debut ▁in ▁São ▁Paulo ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Mor rist own , ▁N J ▁( 2 0 1 9 ) ▁From ▁February ▁ 8 ▁through ▁February ▁ 1 7 , ▁En core ▁The atr ical ▁Company ▁presented ▁a ▁limited ▁ 6 ▁show ▁eng agement ; ▁the ▁production ▁was ▁ha iled ▁by ▁aud ien ces ▁and ▁critics ▁al ike ▁and ▁featured ▁aer ial ▁sequences ▁st aged ▁by ▁Jason ▁Wh icker ▁( a er ial ▁ch ore ograph er ▁from ▁the ▁original ▁Ber keley ▁Rep ▁production ) ▁and ▁On ▁the ▁Fly ▁Produ ctions . ▁ ▁UK ▁( 2 0 |
1 9 ) ▁The ▁ 1 0 th ▁anni versary ▁tour ▁was ▁planned ▁for ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁The ▁cast ▁includes ▁Tom ▁Mil ner ▁as ▁Johnny , ▁Josh ua ▁Dow den ▁as ▁Tun ny , ▁Samuel ▁Pope ▁as ▁Will , ▁Luke ▁Friend ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁Sam ▁La very ▁as ▁What ser name . ▁The ▁tour ▁wrapped ▁in ▁July ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁Musical ▁numbers ▁The ▁show ▁features ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁American ▁Id iot , ▁some ▁b - s ides ▁from ▁the ▁American ▁Id iot ▁and ▁ 2 1 ▁G uns ▁single ' s ▁and ▁a ▁few ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁from ▁Green ▁Day ' s ▁ 2 1 st ▁Century ▁Break down . ▁The ▁show ▁also ▁features ▁an ▁on stage ▁band . ▁▁ ▁" American ▁Id iot " – ▁Company ▁ ▁" J es us ▁of ▁Sub urb ia " ▁ ▁" J es us ▁of ▁Sub urb ia " – ▁Johnny ▁and ▁Will ▁ ▁" City ▁of ▁the ▁Dam ned " – ▁Tun ny , ▁Johnny , ▁Will , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" I ▁Don ' t ▁Care " – ▁Johnny , ▁Will , ▁Tun ny , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" D ear ly ▁Bel oved " – ▁He ather ▁& ▁Men ▁ ▁" T ales ▁of ▁Another ▁Bro ken ▁Home " – ▁Johnny , ▁Will , ▁Tun ny , ▁He ather , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" H olid ay " – ▁Johnny |
, ▁Tun ny , ▁The o , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" B ou lev ard ▁of ▁Bro ken ▁Dream s " – ▁Johnny , ▁What ser name , ▁Tun ny , ▁& ▁Men ▁ ▁" F avor ite ▁Son " – ▁F avor ite ▁Son ▁& ▁Women ▁ ▁" Are ▁We ▁the ▁Wait ing " – ▁Tun ny , ▁F avor ite ▁Son , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" St . ▁Jimmy " – ▁Johnny , ▁Dec lan , ▁The o , ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" G ive ▁Me ▁Nov ac aine " – ▁Will , ▁Tun ny , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" Last ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Girls / She ' s ▁a ▁Reb el " – ▁Johnny , ▁What ser name , ▁Ger ard , ▁Ch ase , ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" Last ▁Night ▁on ▁Earth " – ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁What ser name , ▁He ather , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" To o ▁Much ▁To o ▁So on " – ▁The o , ▁A ly sha , ▁Will , ▁& ▁He ather ▁ ▁" Before ▁the ▁Lob ot omy " – ▁Tun ny , ▁Josh ua , ▁Ben , ▁& ▁Ch ase ▁ ▁" Extra ordinary ▁Girl " – ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl , ▁Tun ny , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" Before ▁the ▁Lob ot omy ▁( Re prise )" – ▁Tun ny , ▁Josh ua , ▁Ben , ▁& ▁Ch ase |
▁ ▁" When ▁It ' s ▁Time " – ▁Johnny ▁ ▁" K now ▁Your ▁En emy " – ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁Will , ▁Johnny , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" 2 1 ▁G uns " – ▁What ser name , ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Girl , ▁He ather , ▁Tun ny , ▁Johnny , ▁Will , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" Let ter b omb " – ▁What ser name ▁& ▁Women ▁ ▁" W ake ▁Me ▁Up ▁When ▁September ▁End s " – ▁Johnny , ▁Will , ▁Tun ny , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" Home coming " ▁ ▁" The ▁Death ▁of ▁St . ▁Jimmy " – ▁St . ▁Jimmy ▁& ▁Johnny ▁ ▁" E ast ▁ 1 2 th ▁St ." – ▁Johnny , ▁The o , ▁Ger ard , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" N ob ody ▁L ikes ▁You " – ▁Will ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" R ock ▁and ▁Roll ▁Girl friend " – ▁He ather , ▁Will , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" We ' re ▁Com ing ▁Home ▁Again " – ▁Johnny , ▁Tun ny , ▁Will , ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" What ser name " – ▁Johnny ▁& ▁Company ▁ ▁" Good ▁R idd ance ▁( Time ▁of ▁Your ▁Life )" – ▁Company ▁( Cur tain ▁call ) ▁ ▁Green ▁Day ▁re - re leased ▁the ▁single ▁" 2 1 ▁G uns " ▁with ▁the ▁musical ▁cast ▁on ▁Sp inner . com ▁on ▁December ▁ 3 , |
▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁This ▁version ▁features ▁Bill ie ▁Joe ▁Arm strong , ▁together ▁with ▁Christ ina ▁S aj ous , ▁Reb e cca ▁Na omi ▁Jones , ▁Mary ▁Fab er , ▁and ▁St ark ▁S ands , ▁with ▁back - up ▁from ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁American ▁Id iot ▁cast . ▁Another ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁with ▁John ▁Gall ag her ▁Jr ., ▁Michael ▁Es per , ▁and ▁S ands ▁singing ▁the ▁parts ▁that ▁Arm strong ▁had ▁previously ▁s ung . ▁Green ▁Day ▁and ▁the ▁cast ▁of ▁the ▁musical ▁also ▁performed ▁the ▁song ▁at ▁the ▁ 5 2 nd ▁Ann ual ▁Gram my ▁Awards ▁on ▁January ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁The ▁original ▁cast ▁recording ▁of ▁the ▁musical ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁The ▁cast ▁album ▁includes ▁all ▁the ▁songs ▁featured ▁in ▁the ▁musical ▁plus ▁a ▁brand ▁new ▁recording ▁of ▁" When ▁It ' s ▁Time " ▁by ▁Green ▁Day . ▁The ▁album ▁won ▁Best ▁Musical ▁Show ▁Album ▁at ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Ann ual ▁Gram my ▁Awards . ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁reception ▁Re views ▁for ▁the ▁Ber keley ▁Re pert ory ▁Theatre ▁production ▁were ▁mixed . ▁Charles ▁Mc N ulty ▁of ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁called ▁the ▁show ▁" kin et ically ▁entertain ing ▁in ▁a ▁way ▁that ▁intention ally ▁reflect s ▁the ▁shall ow , ▁media - s atur ated ▁culture ▁the ▁album ▁rails ▁against ". ▁Kar en ▁D ' S ou za ▁of |
▁San ▁Jose ▁Mercur y ▁News ▁called ▁the ▁production ▁" a ▁thr ash ing ▁coll age ▁of ▁songs ▁f used ▁together ▁with ▁hyp not ic ▁movement ▁and ▁eye - po pping ▁visual s " ▁and ▁thought ▁the ▁show ▁" as ▁comp elling ▁as ▁it ▁is ▁abstract ▁[ and ] ▁channels ▁the ▁gr ung y ▁spirit ▁of ▁punk ▁while ▁also ▁pl uck ing ▁at ▁the ▁heart strings ." ▁However , ▁Jim ▁Harr ington ▁of ▁the ▁Oak land ▁Trib une ▁compared ▁the ▁show ▁unf avor ably ▁to ▁the ▁original ▁album , ▁writing : ▁"[ what ] ▁once ▁was ▁a ▁fine ▁G ou da , ▁has ▁been ▁pre pack aged ▁as ▁Vel ve eta ", ▁and ▁continued ▁sar cast ically , ▁" In ▁other ▁words , ▁it ▁should ▁do ▁big ▁business ▁on ▁Broadway ." ▁Charles ▁I sh er wood ▁of ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁commented ▁that ▁the ▁show ▁contained ▁" char acters ▁who ▁lack ▁much ▁in ▁the ▁way ▁of ▁emot ional ▁depth ▁or ▁specific ity , ▁and ▁plot lines ▁that ▁are ▁simple ▁to ▁the ▁point ▁of ▁cr ud ity " ▁but ▁also ▁felt ▁that ▁" the ▁show ▁poss esses ▁a ▁stim ulating ▁energy ▁and ▁a ▁vision ▁of ▁was ted ▁youth ▁that ▁holds ▁us ▁in ▁its ▁g rip ." ▁ ▁I sh er wood ' s ▁review ▁for ▁the ▁Broadway ▁production ▁was ▁enthus i astic . ▁He ▁called ▁the ▁show ▁" a ▁p uls ating ▁portrait ▁of ▁was ted ▁youth ▁that ▁inv okes ▁all ▁the ▁standard ▁genre ▁convent ions ... ▁only ▁to ▁trans c end ▁them ▁through ▁the |
▁power ▁of ▁its ▁music ▁and ▁the ▁art istry ▁of ▁its ▁execution , ▁the ▁show ▁is ▁as ▁inv ig or ating ▁and ▁ultimately ▁as ▁moving ▁as ▁anything ▁I ’ ve ▁seen ▁on ▁Broadway ▁this ▁season . ▁Or ▁maybe ▁for ▁a ▁few ▁seasons ▁past ." ▁Jed ▁Gott lie b ▁of ▁the ▁Boston ▁Her ald ▁enjoyed ▁the ▁prem ise ▁of ▁the ▁show ▁but ▁found ▁that ▁" the ▁music ▁and ▁message ▁suffer ▁in ▁a ▁setting ▁where ▁the ▁audience ▁is ▁polit ely , ▁so ber ly ▁se ated ". ▁Michael ▁K uch w ara ▁of ▁the ▁Associ ated ▁Press ▁found ▁the ▁show ▁to ▁be ▁" vis ually ▁striking ▁[ and ] ▁mus ically ▁advent ur ous ", ▁but ▁noted ▁that ▁" the ▁show ▁has ▁the ▁bar est ▁w isp ▁of ▁a ▁story ▁and ▁minimal ▁character ▁development ". ▁Paul ▁Kol nik ▁in ▁USA ▁Today ▁enjoyed ▁the ▁contradiction ▁that ▁Green ▁Day ' s ▁" mass ively ▁popular , ▁stark ly ▁dis en ch anted ▁album ▁... ▁would ▁be ▁the ▁feel - good ▁musical ▁of ▁the ▁season ". ▁Time ▁magazine ' s ▁Richard ▁Z og lin ▁op ined ▁that ▁the ▁score ▁" is ▁as ▁pure ▁a ▁spec imen ▁of ▁contemporary ▁punk ▁rock ▁as ▁Broadway ▁has ▁yet ▁encountered ▁[ y et ] ▁there ' s ▁enough ▁variety .... ▁Where ▁the ▁show ▁fall ▁short ▁is ▁as ▁a ▁fully ▁developed ▁narr ative ." ▁He ▁concluded ▁that ▁" American ▁Id iot , ▁despite ▁its ▁earnest ▁h uff ing ▁and ▁pu ff ing , ▁remains ▁little ▁more ▁than ▁an ▁annot ated ▁rock ▁concert .... ▁Still , |
▁[ it ] ▁deser ves ▁at ▁least ▁two ▁che ers – ▁for ▁its ▁ir res ist ible ▁musical ▁energy ▁and ▁for ▁opening ▁fresh ▁v istas ▁for ▁that ▁odd ▁couple , ▁rock ▁and ▁Broadway ." ▁Peter ▁Tra vers ▁from ▁Rol ling ▁Stone ▁wrote , ▁" Th ough ▁American ▁Id iot ▁car ries ▁echo es ▁of ▁such ▁rock ▁musical s ▁as ▁Tommy , ▁H air , ▁R ent ▁and ▁Spring ▁Aw ak ening , ▁it ▁cut s ▁its ▁own ▁path ▁to ▁the ▁heart . ▁You ▁won ’ t ▁know ▁what ▁hit ▁you . ▁American ▁Id iot ▁knows ▁no ▁limits — ▁it ' s ▁a ▁global ▁knock out ." ▁ ▁Paul ▁Taylor ’ s ▁review ▁in ▁The ▁Independent ▁ha ils ▁American ▁Id iot ▁as ▁“ the ▁H air ▁of ▁its ▁generation ”. ▁Yet , ▁as ▁noted ▁by ▁Harry ▁Lou ▁in ▁The ▁Indian apolis ▁Business ▁Journal , ▁“ [ i ] ts ▁female ▁characters ▁are ▁sketch ed ▁even ▁l ighter ▁than ▁the ▁main ▁men ▁are ”. ▁Although ▁intended ▁to ▁emp ower ▁the ▁dis ill usion ed ▁youth ▁of ▁early ▁ 2 1 st ▁century ▁America , ▁American ▁Id iot ▁ex cludes ▁the ▁female ▁voice ▁from ▁this ▁disc ourse . ▁This ▁dis emp ower ing ▁of ▁the ▁female ▁is ▁evident ▁in ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁the ▁female ▁leads ▁are ▁denied ▁identity , ▁let ▁alone ▁ag ency . ▁Just ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁is ▁given ▁a ▁name , ▁and ▁all ▁represent ▁a ▁s tere ot yp ical ▁form ▁of ▁‘ w oman ’ ; ▁the ▁mother , ▁the |
▁art istic ▁muse , ▁and ▁the ▁object ▁of ▁the ▁vo ye ur istic ▁male ▁gaz e . ▁ ▁Re views ▁of ▁the ▁West ▁End ▁production ▁were ▁generally ▁positive . ▁Rach el ▁Ward ▁of ▁The ▁Te legraph ▁gave ▁it ▁four ▁out ▁of ▁five ▁stars , ▁calling ▁" 9 0 ▁minutes ▁of ▁un inter rupted ▁cha os ". ▁Kate ▁Stan bury ▁from ▁Official ▁London ▁Theatre ▁summar ized , ▁" Ch a otic , ▁inten se ▁and ▁p uls ating ▁with ▁legend ary ▁Green ▁Day ▁hits , ▁a ▁trip ▁to ▁this ▁Tony ▁Award - win ning ▁musical ▁may ▁just ▁give ▁you ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁your ▁life ." ▁Paul ▁Taylor ▁of ▁The ▁Independent ▁also ▁gave ▁four ▁out ▁of ▁five ▁stars , ▁pra ising ▁director ▁and ▁ch ore ograph er ▁R ack y ▁Ple ws ▁for ▁making ▁" a ▁sharp - w itted ▁version ▁that ▁thro bs ▁with ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁energy ▁of ▁a ▁rock ▁gig ▁( if ▁minus ▁the ▁feeling ▁of ▁un predict ability ) ▁while ▁being ▁sh rew d ly ▁cal ibr ated ▁to ▁suit ▁the ▁int im acy ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 5 0 - se ater ▁Arts ▁Theatre ." ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁nomin ations ▁American ▁Id iot ▁won ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁five ▁awards . ▁At ▁a ▁meeting ▁of ▁the ▁Tony ▁Administration ▁Committee ▁on ▁April ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁score ▁of ▁American ▁Id iot ▁was ▁de emed ▁in el ig ible ▁for ▁a ▁Tony ▁Award ▁for ▁Best ▁Original ▁Sc ore ▁nom ination ▁because ▁less ▁than ▁ 5 0 |
% ▁of ▁it ▁was ▁written ▁for ▁the ▁stage ▁production . ▁ ▁Broadway ▁production ▁ ▁Br is b ane ▁production ▁ ▁Broadway ▁attend ances , ▁performances , ▁and ▁gross ▁rece i pts ▁The ▁following ▁is ▁a ▁month - by - month ▁break down ▁of ▁sales , ▁attend ance , ▁and ▁performance ▁data ▁for ▁the ▁production ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 , 7 0 9 - cap acity ▁St . ▁James ▁Theatre . ▁ ▁Document ary ▁On ▁January ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁a ▁document ary ▁showing ▁Arm strong ' s ▁journey ▁from ▁punk ▁rock ▁to ▁Broadway ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁released . ▁Cal led ▁Broadway ▁Id iot ▁and ▁showing ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁behind - the - sc enes ▁of ▁the ▁musical ▁production , ▁the ▁movie ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Doug ▁Hamilton , ▁veter an ▁television ▁journalist ▁for ▁CBS ▁News ' ▁ 6 0 ▁Min utes ▁and ▁P BS ▁document aries ▁such ▁as ▁Nova , ▁Front line ▁and ▁American ▁Masters . ▁A ▁tra iler ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁January ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁The ▁document ary ▁premier ed ▁at ▁the ▁South ▁by ▁South west ▁Film ▁Festival ▁on ▁March ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁On ▁October ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁it ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁some ▁the aters ▁and ▁on ▁video ▁on ▁demand ▁by ▁Film B uff . ▁ ▁Film ▁review ▁aggreg ator ▁Rotten ▁Tomatoes ▁reports ▁that ▁ 6 5 % ▁of ▁critics ▁gave ▁the |
▁film ▁a ▁positive ▁review ▁based ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁reviews , ▁with ▁an ▁average ▁score ▁of ▁ 5 . 8 / 1 0 . ▁On ▁Met ac rit ic , ▁which ▁assign s ▁a ▁normal ised ▁rating ▁out ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 ▁based ▁on ▁reviews ▁from ▁critics , ▁the ▁film ▁has ▁a ▁score ▁of ▁ 5 1 ▁( c iting ▁" m ixed ▁or ▁average ▁reviews ") ▁based ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁reviews . ▁ ▁Pl anned ▁film ▁adaptation ▁In ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁production ▁company ▁Play t one ▁option ed ▁the ▁musical ▁to ▁develop ▁a ▁film ▁version , ▁and ▁Universal ▁Pictures ▁began ▁initial ▁negoti ations ▁to ▁dist ribute ▁it . ▁Michael ▁May er , ▁who ▁directed ▁the ▁Broadway ▁production , ▁was ▁named ▁as ▁director . ▁D ust in ▁L ance ▁Black ▁was ▁initially ▁h ired ▁to ▁adapt ▁the ▁musical . ▁Bill ie ▁Joe ▁Arm strong ▁was ▁asked ▁to ▁star ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy , ▁and ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁proposed ▁for ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁release . ▁Arm strong ▁later ▁posted ▁on ▁his ▁Twitter ▁account ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁not ▁" tot ally ▁committed " ▁to ▁the ▁role ▁but ▁was ▁interested ▁in ▁it . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁at ▁a ▁screen ing ▁of ▁Broadway ▁Id iot , ▁May er ▁reported ▁that ▁the ▁film ▁adaptation ▁was ▁still ▁happening , ▁but ▁production ▁had ▁not ▁been ▁scheduled ▁due ▁to ▁" Hol lywood ▁b ull sh it ". ▁In ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁play |
w right ▁Rol in ▁Jones ▁told ▁the ▁Hart ford ▁Cour ant ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁writing ▁a ▁new ▁screen play ▁for ▁the ▁film . ▁Compar ing ▁it ▁to ▁the ▁musical , ▁Jones ▁said , ▁" The ▁idea ▁is ▁to ▁get ▁it ▁a ▁little ▁d irt ier ▁and ▁a ▁little ▁nast ier ▁and ▁translate ▁it ▁into ▁visual ▁terms . ▁There ' s ▁not ▁going ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁dialog ue ▁and ▁it ▁probably ▁should ▁be ▁a ▁little ▁shorter , ▁too . ▁After ▁that , ▁it ▁just ▁takes ▁its ▁' movie ▁time ' ▁in ▁getting ▁done ". ▁He ▁expected ▁to ▁finish ▁the ▁script ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁month . ▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁in ▁an ▁interview ▁with ▁N ME , ▁Arm strong ▁revealed ▁that ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁now ▁being ▁made ▁at ▁H BO ▁and ▁the ▁script ▁was ▁getting ▁re writ es . ▁He ▁confirmed ▁he ▁would ▁repr ise ▁his ▁Broadway ▁role ▁as ▁St . ▁Jimmy . ▁In ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Arm strong ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁" going ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁lot ▁different ▁from ▁the ▁musical . ▁It ' s ▁kind ▁of , ▁more ▁sur real ▁but ▁I ▁think ▁there ' s ▁going ▁to ▁be ▁parts ▁of ▁it ▁that ▁might ▁off end ▁people ▁– ▁which ▁is ▁good . ▁I ▁think ▁it ' s ▁a ▁good ▁time ▁to ▁off end ▁people . ▁I ▁think ▁there ' s ▁just ▁going ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁imag ery ▁that ▁we ▁couldn ' t ▁pull ▁off ▁in ▁the |
▁musical ▁in ▁the ▁stage ▁version . ▁You ▁know , ▁I ▁don ' t ▁want ▁to ▁give ▁away ▁too ▁much , ▁but ▁it ▁will ▁be ▁shock ing ▁in ▁a ▁way ▁which ▁makes ▁you ▁think ." ▁ ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁Bill ie ▁Joe ▁Arm strong ▁revealed ▁to ▁N ME ▁that ▁plans ▁for ▁a ▁film ▁adaptation ▁of ▁the ▁stage ▁musical ▁had ▁been ▁" pre tty ▁much ▁scra pped ", ▁without ▁providing ▁any ▁more ▁details ▁as ▁to ▁the ▁reason . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁site ▁Internet ▁Broadway ▁database ▁listing ▁Ber keley ▁Rep ' s ▁American ▁Id iot ▁page ▁Did ▁He ▁Like ▁It ▁review ▁aggreg ator ▁ ▁Category : R ock ▁musical s ▁Category : R ock ▁oper as ▁Category : Green ▁Day ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁musical s ▁Category : American ▁Id iot ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 ▁musical s ▁Category : S ung - through ▁musical s ▁Category : B road way ▁musical s ▁Category : J u ke box ▁musical s ▁Category : Mus ical s ▁based ▁on ▁works ▁Category : T ony ▁Award - win ning ▁musical s <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Inter g overn ment al ▁Neg oti ations ▁framework ▁or ▁I GN ▁is ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁nation - states ▁working ▁within ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁to ▁further ▁reform ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁Security ▁Council ▁( U NS C ). ▁ ▁Com position ▁The ▁I GN ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁several ▁different ▁international ▁organizations , ▁namely : ▁ ▁The ▁African ▁Union ; ▁ ▁The ▁G |
4 ▁nations ; ▁ ▁The ▁Un iting ▁for ▁Cons ensus ▁Group ▁( U f C ), ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" C off ee ▁Club "; ▁ ▁The ▁L . 6 9 ▁Group ▁of ▁Develop ing ▁Count ries ; ▁ ▁The ▁Arab ▁League ; ▁and ▁ ▁The ▁Car ib bean ▁Community ▁( C AR IC OM ). ▁ ▁Each ▁group ▁represents ▁a ▁different ▁set ▁of ▁positions ▁vis - a - vis ▁reform ing ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁Security ▁Council . ▁ ▁On ▁July ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁an ▁" oral ▁decision " ▁was ▁adopted ▁by ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁General ▁Assembly ▁by ▁general ▁acc lam ation ▁of ▁its ▁members , ▁which ▁approved ▁of ▁a ▁declaration ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" elements ▁of ▁convergence " ▁which ▁out lined ▁the ▁status ▁of ▁the ▁cons ensus ▁reached ▁by ▁the ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁I GN ▁at ▁that ▁time . ▁ ▁This ▁statement ▁of ▁cons ensus ▁was ▁based ▁on ▁a ▁text ▁and ▁an nex , ▁of ▁a ▁year ▁earlier . ▁ ▁Ult imately , ▁by ▁adopt ing ▁the ▁" elements ▁of ▁cons ensus " ▁document , ▁the ▁General ▁Assembly ▁decided ▁to ▁form ▁an ▁" Open ▁End ed ▁Working ▁Group " ▁to ▁further ▁develop ▁a ▁cons ensus ▁position ▁of ▁the ▁entire ▁General ▁Assembly ▁on ▁the ▁issue ▁of ▁reform ing ▁the ▁U . N . ▁Security ▁Council . ▁ ▁This ▁program ▁had ▁its ▁orig ins ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁with ▁success ive ▁reports ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 |
7 . ▁ ▁The ▁current ▁ag enda ▁for ▁this ▁issue ▁in ▁the ▁U . N . ▁General ▁Assembly ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁online . ▁ ▁Pos itions ▁of ▁each ▁group ▁The ▁positions ▁of ▁the ▁various ▁groups ▁of ▁nations ▁compos ing ▁the ▁I GN ▁framework ▁can ▁be ▁summar ized ▁as ▁follows : ▁ ▁The ▁African ▁Union ▁" Wh ile ▁the ▁group ▁was ▁pleased ▁that ▁the ▁cons ensus ▁decision ▁would ▁roll ▁over ▁the ▁issue ▁into ▁the ▁next ▁session , ▁the ▁A U ▁remained ▁committed ▁to ▁a ▁text - based ▁reform ▁process . ▁In ▁particular , ▁the ▁A U ▁called ▁attention ▁to ▁a ▁letter ▁circul ated ▁by ▁the ▁group ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁elements ▁of ▁convergence ▁on ▁working ▁methods ▁and ▁the ▁size ▁of ▁a ▁reform ed ▁Council . ▁As ▁the ▁A U ▁pointed ▁out , ▁the ▁“ elements ” ▁reflect ▁only ▁two ▁out ▁of ▁five ▁of ▁the ▁issues ▁discussed ▁in ▁the ▁I GN ▁process . ▁As ▁such , ▁it ▁does ▁not ▁ade qu ately ▁reflect ▁the ▁record ▁of ▁the ▁I GN ▁in ▁the ▁ 7 0 th ▁session , ▁as ▁there ▁was ▁substantial ▁agreement ▁and ▁discussion ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁three ▁issues ▁which ▁was ▁not ▁represented ▁in ▁the ▁elements ▁of ▁convergence ▁text . ▁The ▁A U ▁called ▁for ▁a ▁dem ocr atic , ▁transparent , ▁and ▁account able ▁process , ▁and ▁for ▁text - based ▁negoti ations ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁UN ▁‘ fit ▁for ▁purpose .' " ▁ ▁The ▁G 4 ▁nations ▁Brazil , ▁in ▁its ▁capacity |
▁as ▁representative ▁of ▁the ▁G 4 , ▁called ▁for ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁text - based ▁negoti ations ▁to ▁give ▁the ▁I GN ▁substant ive ▁meaning . ▁The ▁G 4 ▁appreciated ▁the ▁elements ▁of ▁conversion ▁text , ▁which ▁served ▁to ▁identify ▁tr ends ▁and ▁move ▁towards ▁cons ensus , ▁even ▁if ▁the ▁text ▁does ▁not ▁reflect ▁all ▁G 4 ▁positions . ▁However , ▁the ▁Group ▁was ▁disappoint ed ▁that ▁there ▁was ▁not ▁convergence ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁three ▁issues . ▁The ▁G 4 ▁noted ▁that ▁they ▁had ▁hoped ▁to ▁begin ▁concrete ▁negoti ations ▁during ▁the ▁ 7 0 th ▁session , ▁arg uing ▁that ▁the ▁longer ▁Security ▁Council ▁reform ▁is ▁post pon ed , ▁the ▁greater ▁the ▁dis cred it ▁to ▁the ▁UN . ▁The ▁status ▁qu o ▁is ▁no ▁longer ▁an ▁option , ▁and ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁recognized ▁need ▁for ▁a ▁strong ▁mult il ater al ▁system . ▁Brazil ▁c ited ▁the ▁major ▁agre ements ▁reached ▁over ▁the ▁last ▁years — the ▁ 2 0 3 0 ▁Ag enda ▁for ▁S ust ain able ▁Development ▁and ▁the ▁Paris ▁Cl imate ▁Ag re ement , ▁among ▁others , ▁but ▁noted ▁that ▁the ▁real m ▁of ▁peace ▁and ▁security ▁is ▁notice ably ▁lack ing ▁in ▁progress ▁and ▁reform . ▁Brazil ▁concluded ▁its ▁statement ▁with ▁a ▁rem inder ▁of ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁a ▁‘ UN ▁fit ▁for ▁purpose ▁on ▁peace ▁and ▁security , ▁in ▁a ▁discrete ▁time frame .’ ▁ ▁The ▁Un iting ▁for ▁Cons ensus ▁Group ▁( U f C ), ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" |
C off ee ▁Club " ▁" Ital y , ▁speaking ▁for ▁the ▁United ▁for ▁Cons ensus ▁group ▁( U f C )[ ,] ▁. ▁. ▁. ▁app la ud ed ▁the ▁technical ▁rol lo ver , ▁which ▁p aved ▁the ▁way ▁for ▁continued ▁discussion ▁aim ing ▁for ▁a ▁broad ▁cons ensus . ▁It ▁noted ▁that ▁the ▁I GN ▁is ▁a ▁member - dri ven ▁process , ▁that ▁all ▁sessions ▁and ▁meet ings ▁have ▁been ▁important ▁for ▁movement ▁towards ▁cons ensus , ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁points ▁of ▁convergence ▁submitted ▁by ▁the ▁facil it ator ▁reflect ▁U f C ’ s ▁understanding ▁of ▁the ▁areas ▁of ▁convergence . ▁U f C ▁further ▁called ▁for ▁flex ibility ▁and ▁comprom ise ▁on ▁the ▁remaining ▁issues , ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁lead ▁to ▁a ▁broad ▁cons ensus ▁decision ▁in ▁the ▁future ." ▁ ▁The ▁L . 6 9 ▁Group ▁of ▁Develop ing ▁Count ries ▁" N ic ar agua ▁. ▁. ▁. , ▁representing ▁the ▁L 6 9 ▁group ▁of ▁developing ▁countries [, ▁said ▁they ▁were ] ▁. ▁. ▁. ▁pleased ▁that ▁the ▁framework ▁and ▁an ne xes , ▁submitted ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁would ▁remain ▁central ▁to ▁the ▁I GN ’ s ▁work ▁moving ▁forward . ▁The ▁L 6 9 ▁argued ▁that ▁text - based ▁negoti ations ▁would ▁be ▁vital , ▁and ▁should ▁be ▁conducted ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁the ▁framework ▁text , ▁especially ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁three ▁key ▁issues ▁for ▁reform . ▁In ▁closing , ▁the ▁group ▁hoped ▁that ▁the ▁ 7 1 st |
▁session ▁would ▁lead ▁to ▁more ▁concrete ▁progress ." ▁ ▁The ▁Arab ▁League ▁" K uw ait , ▁representing ▁the ▁Arab ▁States , ▁re aff ir med ▁the ▁desire ▁for ▁a ▁broad ▁decision ▁and ▁for ▁continu ing ▁I GN ▁deb ates ▁in ▁the ▁ 7 1 st ▁session . ▁The ▁group ▁hoped ▁for ▁cons ensus , ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁lead ▁to ▁true ▁and ▁compreh ensive ▁reform ." ▁ ▁The ▁Car ib bean ▁Community ▁( C AR IC OM ) ▁" G uy ana , ▁speaking ▁for ▁the ▁Car ib bean ▁Community ▁( C AR IC OM ), ▁wel com ed ▁the ▁rol lo ver , ▁and ▁called ▁for ▁further ▁work ▁and ▁reflection ▁on ▁Member ▁State ▁propos als ▁when ▁considering ▁the ▁achiev ements ▁of ▁the ▁I GN ▁in ▁the ▁ 7 0 th ▁session , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁framework ▁and ▁an ne xes . ▁C AR IC OM ▁called ▁the ▁progress ▁made ▁important , ▁though ▁limited , ▁and ▁hoped ▁that ▁the ▁text ▁and ▁elements ▁of ▁convergence ▁would ▁be ▁a ▁foundation ▁for ▁reform ▁work ▁in ▁the ▁ 7 1 st ▁session ." ▁ ▁Russia ▁and ▁China ▁( U NS C ▁P erman ent ▁M embers ) ▁" Ch ina ▁wel com ed ▁the ▁rol lo ver , ▁and ▁called ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁session ▁to ▁u ph old ▁the ▁leadership ▁of ▁the ▁UN ▁and ▁Member ▁States , ▁and ▁reflect ▁all ▁the ▁views ▁of ▁participants . ▁Russia ▁wel com ed ▁the ▁rol lo ver ▁as ▁well , ▁not ing ▁that ▁cons ensus ▁ad option ▁was ▁good , |
▁but ▁that ▁there ▁was ▁far ▁from ▁universal ▁agreement ▁in ▁the ▁negoti ations . ▁Russia ▁asked ▁that ▁re forms ▁be ▁adopted ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁a ▁two - third s ▁majority , ▁though ▁ide ally ▁through ▁cons ensus , ▁and ▁ended ▁with ▁a ▁call ▁for ▁a ▁transparent ▁and ▁inclus ive ▁process ▁without ▁artificial ly ▁im posed ▁tim elines ." ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁Link s ▁Working ▁Gr oups ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁General ▁Assembly ▁ ▁Category : Un ited ▁Nations ▁Security ▁Council <0x0A> </s> ▁K achi , ▁also ▁sp elt ▁K ach hi , ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁of ▁Har ip ur ▁District ▁in ▁the ▁K hy ber ▁Pak ht unk h wa ▁province ▁of ▁Pakistan . ▁It ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁Be er ▁Union ▁Council ▁and ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ 3 4 ° 8 ' 0 N ▁ 7 2 ° 5 7 ' 0 E ▁with ▁an ▁alt itude ▁of ▁ 5 5 8 ▁metres ▁( 1 8 3 3 ▁feet ). ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Har ip ur ▁District <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Turkish ▁March , ▁Op . ▁ 5 5 ▁is ▁a ▁composition ▁by ▁Russian ▁composer ▁Mik h ail ▁I pp olit ov - I van ov , ▁which ▁was ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 2 ▁in ▁Moscow . ▁ ▁Com position ▁▁ ▁This ▁sym ph onic ▁march ▁last s ▁approximately ▁five ▁minutes . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁very ▁conventional ▁work ▁by ▁I pp olit ov - I van ov , ▁and ▁therefore , ▁all ▁harm on ies ▁and |
▁rh yth ms ▁are ▁conventional . ▁He ▁wrote ▁this ▁composition ▁as ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁his ▁own ▁research ▁for ▁Turkish , ▁U z bek ▁and ▁Kaz akh ▁folk ▁music ▁in ▁its ▁later ▁years , ▁and ▁two ▁years ▁after ▁compos ing ▁his ▁Turkish ▁F rag ments , ▁which , ▁indeed , ▁re create ▁the ▁same ▁atmosphere ▁with ▁Turkish ▁mel od ies ▁and ▁rh yth ms . ▁He ▁died ▁three ▁years ▁afterwards , ▁and ▁this ▁march ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁last ▁works . ▁ ▁Notable ▁record ings ▁▁ ▁Notable ▁record ings ▁of ▁this ▁march ▁include : ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Com pos itions ▁by ▁Mik h ail ▁I pp olit ov - I van ov ▁Category : Com pos itions ▁for ▁sym phony ▁or chestra ▁Category : 1 9 3 2 ▁compos itions <0x0A> </s> ▁Kurt ▁Warner ' s ▁Arena ▁Football ▁Un le ashed ▁is ▁a ▁sports ▁game ▁developed ▁and ▁published ▁by ▁Mid way ▁for ▁the ▁Sony ▁Play Station . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁North ▁America ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁It ▁is ▁to ▁note ▁that ▁it ▁would ▁not ▁be ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁before ▁another ▁A FL ▁video ▁game ▁would ▁be ▁released . ▁It ▁is ▁based ▁around ▁the ▁fame ▁of ▁American ▁football ▁champion ▁Kurt ▁Warner . ▁ ▁Game play ▁ ▁Kurt ▁Warner ' s ▁Arena ▁Football ▁Un le ashed ▁diff ers ▁from ▁other ▁American ▁football ▁video ▁games ▁due ▁to ▁its ▁usage ▁of ▁the ▁ar ena ▁football ▁system . ▁A ▁few ▁rule ▁changes ▁include ▁that ▁there |
▁are ▁half ▁as ▁many ▁players ▁on ▁the ▁field , ▁field ▁goals ▁go ▁back ▁into ▁play ▁if ▁they ▁miss ▁the ▁goal posts , ▁and ▁there ' s ▁no ▁such ▁thing ▁as ▁pun ting . ▁The ▁game ▁is ▁compared ▁to ▁NFL ▁Bl itz ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁for ▁its ▁violence , ▁and ▁one ▁rev iewer ▁even ▁noted ▁that ▁" The ▁post - play ▁violence ▁has ▁been ▁p ump ed ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁level ▁that ▁Bl itz ▁had ▁before ▁the ▁NFL ▁forced ▁Mid way ▁to ▁tone ▁it ▁down ." ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁Kurt ▁Warner ' s ▁Arena ▁Football ▁Un le ashed ▁received ▁mostly ▁poor ▁reviews , ▁port ray ing ▁it ▁as ▁being ▁a ▁we aker ▁version ▁of ▁NFL ▁Bl itz ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁Game Sp ot ▁critic ized ▁the ▁game ▁and ▁gave ▁it ▁a ▁low ▁score . ▁" It ' s ▁a ▁scale d - down ▁version ▁of ▁Bl itz ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁with ▁a ▁few ▁changes , ▁but ▁these ▁changes ▁don ' t ▁really ▁enh ance ▁the ▁game ▁in ▁any ▁way ." ▁I GN ▁wrote , ▁"... ▁the ▁actual ▁game ▁engine ▁seems ▁more ▁like ▁a ▁poor ▁man ' s ▁Bl itz ." ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 0 ▁video ▁games ▁Category : A ren a ▁football ▁video ▁games ▁Category : M id way ▁video ▁games ▁Category : N orth ▁America - ex clus ive ▁video ▁games ▁Category : Play Station ▁( console ) ▁games ▁Category : Play Station ▁( console )- only |
▁games ▁Warner ▁Warner ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁based ▁on ▁real ▁people ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁developed ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁Sold ot na ▁Airport ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁city - owned , ▁public ▁use ▁air port ▁located ▁one ▁na ut ical ▁mile ▁( 1 . 8 5 km ) ▁sout heast ▁of ▁the ▁central ▁business ▁district ▁of ▁Sold ot na , ▁Al aska . ▁ ▁The ▁air port ▁is ▁located ▁along ▁the ▁south ▁bank ▁of ▁the ▁Ken ai ▁River ▁in ▁the ▁sout he astern ▁corner ▁of ▁Sold ot na ▁city ▁limits , ▁and ▁also ▁ad jo ins ▁the ▁Ken ai ▁National ▁Wild life ▁Ref uge . ▁ ▁Road ▁access ▁to ▁the ▁air port ▁is ▁via ▁Fun ny ▁River ▁Road , ▁a ▁short ▁distance ▁east ▁of ▁its ▁intersection ▁with ▁the ▁Ster ling ▁Highway . ▁ ▁The ▁air port ▁covers ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁ ▁at ▁an ▁elev ation ▁of ▁ 1 1 3 ▁feet ▁( 3 4 ▁m ) ▁above ▁mean ▁sea ▁level . ▁It ▁has ▁one ▁run way ▁designated ▁ 7 / 2 5 ▁with ▁an ▁as ph alt ▁surface ▁meas uring ▁ 5 , 0 0 0 ▁by ▁ 1 3 2 ▁feet ▁( 1 , 5 2 4 ▁x ▁ 4 0 ▁m ). ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁ 1 2 - month ▁period ▁ending ▁December ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁the ▁air port ▁had ▁ 1 5 , 0 5 0 ▁aircraft ▁operations , ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 4 1 ▁per ▁day : ▁ 8 |
0 % ▁general ▁av iation , ▁ 2 0 % ▁air ▁tax i , ▁and ▁< 1 % ▁military . ▁At ▁that ▁time ▁there ▁were ▁ 4 7 ▁aircraft ▁based ▁at ▁this ▁air port : ▁ 9 2 % ▁single - engine , ▁ 2 % ▁multi - engine ▁and ▁ 6 % ▁ul tr al ight . ▁ ▁Pre vious ▁air line ▁service ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁and ▁early ▁ 1 9 8 0 s , ▁Al aska ▁Aer onaut ical ▁Indust ries ▁( AA I ), ▁a ▁comm uter ▁air ▁car rier , ▁was ▁operating ▁scheduled ▁passenger ▁service ▁to ▁An ch orage ▁( AN C ) ▁with ▁de ▁Hav ill and ▁Canada ▁D HC - 6 ▁T win ▁Ot ter ▁tur b op rop ▁aircraft . ▁North ▁Pacific ▁Airlines ▁( N PA ), ▁a ▁comm uter ▁air ▁car rier , ▁operated ▁scheduled ▁passenger ▁service ▁to ▁An ch orage ▁during ▁the ▁early ▁and ▁mid ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁with ▁Be ech craft ▁aircraft . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁South ▁Central ▁Air ▁( S CA ), ▁also ▁a ▁comm uter ▁air ▁car rier , ▁was ▁operating ▁scheduled ▁passenger ▁service ▁between ▁the ▁air port ▁and ▁An ch orage ▁flying ▁as ▁Western ▁Express ▁on ▁beh alf ▁of ▁Western ▁Airlines ▁via ▁a ▁code ▁sharing ▁agreement ▁with ▁Pi per ▁Ch ie ft ain ▁tw in ▁prop ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁By ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁South ▁Central ▁Air ▁was ▁continu ing ▁to ▁serve ▁Sold ot |
na ▁on ▁an ▁independent ▁basis ▁with ▁fl ights ▁to ▁An ch orage ▁and ▁by ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁service ▁to ▁An ch orage ▁was ▁being ▁operated ▁by ▁another ▁small ▁comm uter ▁air ▁car rier , ▁In let ▁Airlines . ▁ ▁The ▁air port ▁currently ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁any ▁scheduled ▁passenger ▁air ▁service . ▁ ▁The ▁air port ▁also ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁hub ▁for ▁Red iske ▁Air , ▁a ▁local ▁air ▁tax i ▁air ▁car rier . ▁ ▁A viation ▁acc idents ▁and ▁inc idents ▁On ▁February ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 9 8 5 , ▁North ▁Pacific ▁Airlines ▁Fl ight ▁ 1 8 0 2 , ▁a ▁Be ech craft ▁BE 6 5 - A - 8 0 ▁Queen ▁Air ▁N 5 0 NP , ▁on ▁a ▁regularly ▁scheduled ▁flight ▁from ▁An ch orage ▁to ▁Sold ot na , ▁crash ed ▁ ▁south west ▁of ▁the ▁air port ▁while ▁on ▁approach ▁to ▁land . ▁ ▁All ▁nine ▁on ▁board ▁( se ven ▁passengers ▁and ▁two ▁flight ▁crew ) ▁were ▁killed . ▁ ▁On ▁July ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁an ▁air ▁tax i ▁crash ed , ▁killing ▁all ▁ten ▁people ▁on ▁board . ▁ ▁The ▁single - engine ▁de ▁Hav ill and ▁Canada ▁D HC - 3 ▁Ot ter , ▁registered ▁to ▁Red iske ▁Air ▁of ▁nearby ▁Nik is ki , ▁had ▁a ▁pilot ▁and ▁nine ▁passengers ▁ab o ard . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : A ir ports ▁in ▁Ken ai ▁Pen ins ula ▁Bor ough , |
▁Al aska <0x0A> </s> ▁Mar guer ite - Jul ie - An to in ette ▁H oud on ▁( 1 7 7 1 ▁– ▁ 1 7 9 5 ) ▁was ▁a ▁French ▁painter . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁cousin ▁of ▁the ▁sculpt or ▁Jean - An to ine ▁H oud on ▁and ▁her ▁self - port rait ▁was ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 5 ▁book ▁Women ▁P ain ters ▁of ▁the ▁World . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 7 7 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 7 9 5 ▁death s ▁Category : F rench ▁women ▁pain ters <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Brown low ▁Medal ▁was ▁the ▁ 9 1 st ▁year ▁the ▁award ▁was ▁presented ▁to ▁the ▁player ▁adj ud ged ▁the ▁fair est ▁and ▁best ▁player ▁during ▁the ▁Australian ▁Football ▁League ▁( AF L ) ▁home ▁and ▁away ▁season . ▁Tom ▁Mitchell ▁of ▁the ▁Haw th orn ▁Football ▁Club ▁won ▁the ▁medal ▁with ▁ 2 8 ▁votes . ▁ ▁Le ading ▁vot eg et ters ▁ ▁V oting ▁procedure ▁The ▁three ▁field ▁u mp ires ▁( th ose ▁u mp ires ▁who ▁control ▁the ▁flow ▁of ▁the ▁game , ▁as ▁opposed ▁to ▁goal ▁or ▁boundary ▁u mp ires ) ▁confer ▁after ▁each ▁match ▁and ▁award ▁three ▁votes , ▁two ▁votes ▁and ▁one ▁vote ▁to ▁the ▁players ▁they ▁regard ▁as ▁the ▁best , ▁second ▁best ▁and ▁third ▁best ▁in ▁the ▁match , ▁respectively . ▁The ▁votes ▁are ▁kept ▁secret ▁until ▁the ▁awards ▁night |
, ▁and ▁are ▁read ▁and ▁tal lied ▁on ▁the ▁evening . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 8 ▁Australian ▁Football ▁League ▁season ▁ 2 0 1 8 <0x0A> </s> ▁Tamb un ▁( Ch inese : ▁ 打 <0xE6> <0x89> <0xAA> ▁D ǎ ▁m én ) ▁is ▁a ▁major ▁town ▁in ▁K inta ▁District , ▁Per ak , ▁Malays ia . ▁The ▁Lost ▁World ▁of ▁Tamb un , ▁a ▁water park , ▁is ▁located ▁here . ▁ ▁Fam ous ▁goods ▁ ▁Pom el os ▁▁ ▁Tamb un ▁is ▁notable ▁for ▁its ▁pom elo ▁produce , ▁which ▁is ▁sought ▁after ▁by ▁loc als ▁and ▁tour ists ▁al ike . ▁Many ▁plan ters ▁were ▁H ak k as ▁from ▁southern ▁China . ▁The ▁fruit ▁was ▁originally ▁brought ▁in ▁from ▁Southern ▁China ▁together ▁with ▁the ▁trav elling ▁Chinese ▁as ▁a ▁good ▁source ▁of ▁Vit amin ▁C ▁on ▁extended ▁ship ▁jour ne ys . ▁The ▁plant ▁adapted ▁well ▁to ▁Tamb un - A mp ang - P iah ▁region ' s ▁dark ▁and ▁f err ous ▁soil ▁conditions . ▁ ▁Most ▁pom elo ▁far ms ▁har vest ▁twice ▁a ▁year ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁Chinese ▁New ▁Year ▁and ▁Mid ▁Aut umn ▁Festival . ▁However , ▁some ▁enter pr ising ▁far mers ▁have ▁managed ▁to ▁have ▁a ▁third ▁c rop ▁s que ez ed ▁to ▁increase ▁their ▁yield . ▁In ▁the ▁early ▁years ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁and ▁the ▁emer gency ▁period ▁after ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁most ▁Tamb un ▁plan ters ▁also |
▁increased ▁yield ▁by ▁re aring ▁p igs ▁and ▁ch ick ens ▁within ▁their ▁pom elo ▁far ms . ▁This ▁pract iced ▁continued ▁until ▁the ▁turn ▁of ▁the ▁century ▁when ▁Japanese ▁en ce phal itis ▁struck ▁the ▁district . ▁ ▁Animal ▁dro ppings ▁In ▁Tamb un , ▁animal ▁dro ppings ▁are ▁used ▁as ▁fert ilis ers . ▁Within ▁the ▁district ▁were ▁S ikh ▁cow ▁farm ▁which ▁supp lement ▁their ▁income ▁by ▁s elling ▁cow - d ungs ▁- ▁a ▁fav oured ▁source ▁of ▁fert ilis ers ▁the ▁pom elo ▁orch ards . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : T own s ▁in ▁Per ak <0x0A> </s> ▁, ▁son ▁of ▁reg ent ▁Ich ij ō ▁A ki y oshi , ▁was ▁a ▁Japanese ▁k ug y ō ▁( court ▁noble ) ▁of ▁the ▁E do ▁period ▁( 1 6 0 3 – 1 8 6 8 ), ▁who ▁founded ▁Da igo ▁family ▁as ▁a ▁branch ▁of ▁Ich ij ō ▁family . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁father ▁of ▁Da igo ▁F uy u hi ro , ▁his ▁he ir , ▁and ▁Tok uda iji ▁K int ake ▁( <0xE5> <0xBE> <0xB3> 大 寺 公 全 ), ▁adopted ▁by ▁Tok uda iji ▁family . ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : F u ji w ara ▁cl an ▁Category : I ch ij ō ▁family ▁Category : 1 6 4 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 6 9 7 ▁death s <0x0A> </s> ▁V ori ini ▁is ▁a ▁tribe ▁of ▁f lies ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁T ach in idae . ▁More |
▁junior ▁hom onym s ▁exist ▁of ▁Wagner ia ▁than ▁any ▁other ▁animal ▁genus ▁name . ▁ ▁Gener a ▁Ath ry cia ▁Rob ine au - Des void y , ▁ 1 8 3 0 ▁Ble ph ar omy ia ▁Bra uer ▁& ▁Ber gen st amm , ▁ 1 8 8 9 ▁Camp y lo ch eta ▁R ó nd ani , ▁ 1 8 5 9 ▁Cy rt oph le ba ▁R ó nd ani , ▁ 1 8 5 6 ▁E ri oth rix ▁Me igen , ▁ 1 8 0 3 ▁Per isce ps ia ▁G ist el , ▁ 1 8 4 8 ▁Ph yll om ya ▁Rob ine au - Des void y , ▁ 1 8 3 0 ▁Ram onda ▁Rob ine au - Des void y , ▁ 1 8 6 3 ▁Th el ai ra ▁Rob ine au - Des void y , ▁ 1 8 3 0 ▁V oria ▁Rob ine au - Des void y , ▁ 1 8 3 0 ▁Wagner ia ▁Rob ine au - Des void y , ▁ 1 8 3 0 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : D ip tera ▁of ▁Europe ▁Category : D ex i inae <0x0A> </s> ▁P aint ▁Your ▁W agon , ▁Red ▁L orry ▁Y ellow ▁L orry ' s ▁second ▁album , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁in ▁the ▁UK ▁on ▁Red ▁Rh ino , ▁an ▁independent ▁music ▁record ▁label . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁band ' s ▁final ▁original ▁LP |
▁release ▁on ▁the ▁label ▁( ex clus ive ▁of ▁a ▁singles ▁collection , ▁ ▁Sm ashed ▁H its , ▁the ▁following ▁year ) ▁before ▁signing ▁to ▁major ▁label ▁Situ ation ▁Two ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁Like ▁their ▁first ▁album , ▁T alk ▁about ▁the ▁We ather , ▁P aint ▁Your ▁W agon ▁had ▁a ▁very ▁short ▁running ▁time ▁at ▁under ▁ 3 0 ▁minutes . ▁Two ▁of ▁the ▁tracks , ▁" M es cal ▁Dance " ▁and ▁" Bl itz ", ▁were ▁instrument als . ▁Initial ▁copies ▁came ▁with ▁a ▁limited ▁edition ▁seven - inch ▁single ▁with ▁the ▁tracks ▁" Paint ▁Your ▁W agon " ▁and ▁" More ▁J ipp ". ▁ ▁Cass ette ▁and ▁CD ▁releases / re issues ▁have ▁featured ▁various ▁additional ▁bonus ▁tracks . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁" W alk ing ▁on ▁Your ▁H ands " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 : 4 0 ▁ ▁" J ipp " ▁ ▁– ▁ 3 : 0 0 ▁ ▁" Last ▁Train " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 : 2 1 ▁ ▁" Head ▁All ▁Fire " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 : 4 0 ▁ ▁" M es cal ▁Dance " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 : 4 2 ▁ ▁" Sh out ▁at ▁the ▁Sky " ▁ ▁– ▁ 3 : 0 4 ▁ ▁" Wh ich ▁Side " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 : 0 7 ▁ ▁" T ear ▁Me ▁Up " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 : 3 1 ▁ ▁" Save ▁My ▁Soul " ▁ ▁– ▁ 2 |
: 4 4 ▁ ▁" Bl itz " ▁ ▁– ▁ 3 : 5 0 ▁ ▁All ▁tracks ▁were ▁written ▁by ▁Chris ▁Re ed ▁and ▁David ▁Wolf enden , ▁except ▁for ▁" Head ▁All ▁Fire ", ▁" T ear ▁Me ▁Up " ▁and ▁" Save ▁My ▁Soul ", ▁written ▁by ▁Re ed . ▁ ▁Person nel ▁Chris ▁Re ed ▁- ▁vocals , ▁guitar ▁David ▁Wolf enden ▁- ▁guitar ▁Leon ▁Phill ips ▁- ▁bass ▁guitar ▁Chris ▁Old ro yd ▁- ▁drums ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Red ▁L orry ▁Y ellow ▁L orry ▁albums ▁Category : 1 9 8 6 ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Pla cent al ▁protein ▁ 1 3 ▁( PP 1 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁protein ▁that ▁in ▁humans ▁is ▁encoded ▁by ▁the ▁L G AL S 1 3 ▁gene . ▁ ▁Str ucture ▁and ▁function ▁ ▁Function ▁▁ ▁It ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁two ▁identical ▁sub un its ▁which ▁are ▁held ▁together ▁by ▁dis ulf ide ▁b onds . ▁The ▁mon omer ▁of ▁this ▁protein ▁has ▁struct ural ▁similarity ▁to ▁several ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁beta - gal act os ide - binding ▁S - type ▁lect in ▁family , ▁but ▁it ▁could ▁not ▁bind ▁beta - gal act os ide . ▁This ▁is ▁because ▁the ▁lig and ▁binding ▁site ▁is ▁lack ▁of ▁key ▁resid ue ▁for ▁binding ▁beta - gal act os ide . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁g ale ct in - like ▁protein . ▁The ▁lig and ▁of ▁this ▁protein ▁is ▁still ▁unknown . ▁ ▁C lin ical ▁significance ▁P P |
1 3 ▁levels ▁that ▁are ▁low ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁trim ester ▁of ▁pre gn ancy ▁conf ers ▁a ▁higher ▁risk ▁for ▁developing ▁pre - ec lam ps ia ▁later ▁in ▁pre gn ancy . ▁ ▁References <0x0A> </s> ▁L ick ▁Log ▁Creek ▁is ▁a ▁stream ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁state ▁of ▁Georgia . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁trib ut ary ▁to ▁the ▁Ch atto oga ▁River . ▁ ▁L ick ▁Log ▁Creek ▁was ▁named ▁for ▁a ▁sal ty ▁log ▁which ▁attract ed ▁cattle . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Georgia ▁( U . S . ▁state ) ▁Category : B od ies ▁of ▁water ▁of ▁Rab un ▁County , ▁Georgia <0x0A> </s> ▁Cer ro ▁la ▁Camp ana , ▁the ▁Bell ▁mountain , ▁is ▁a ▁mountain ▁in ▁La ▁Camp ana ▁National ▁Park ▁in ▁central ▁Chile . ▁ ▁The ▁Pacific ▁and ▁the ▁mountain ▁A con c agua ▁are ▁visible ▁from ▁the ▁sum mit ▁on ▁clear ▁days . ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁area ' s ▁expand ing ▁human ▁population , ▁considerable ▁def or est ation ▁occurred ▁on ▁the ▁previously ▁heavily ▁wood ed ▁areas ▁of ▁this ▁mountain ▁from ▁approximately ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁AD ▁on wards . ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁significant ▁tree ▁species ▁ext ant ▁on ▁Cer ro ▁La ▁Camp ana ▁is ▁the ▁Chile an ▁W ine ▁Pal m , ▁J ub ae a ▁ch il ensis ; ▁this ▁end anger ed ▁pal m ▁pre histor ically ▁had ▁a ▁much ▁wider ▁distribution . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁second ▁survey ▁voyage ▁of ▁HMS ▁Be |
agle ▁arrived ▁at ▁Val par ais o ▁on ▁ 2 3 ▁July ▁ 1 8 3 4 , ▁Charles ▁Dar win ▁took ▁residence ▁ash ore ▁to ▁explore ▁the ▁area . ▁On ▁ 1 4 ▁August ▁he ▁obtained ▁horses ▁and ▁set ▁off ▁with ▁a ▁companion ▁" on ▁a ▁ge ological ▁exc urs ion " ▁to ▁the ▁base ▁of ▁the ▁And es . ▁They ▁reached ▁the ▁Ha ci enda ▁de ▁San ▁Is id ro , ▁s ited ▁at ▁the ▁foot ▁of ▁Cer ro ▁La ▁Camp ana , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁ 1 6 ▁August ▁after ▁being ▁given ▁a ▁guide ▁and ▁fresh ▁horses ▁they ▁began ▁their ▁as cent . ▁In ▁his ▁notes ▁on ▁the ▁veget ation ▁seen ▁on ▁the ▁way ▁up , ▁including ▁a ▁sort ▁of ▁b am bo o , ▁he ▁described ▁the ▁process ▁by ▁which ▁sap ▁res emb ling ▁h oney ▁was ▁obtained ▁from ▁the ▁pal ms . ▁In ▁the ▁evening ▁they ▁camp ed ▁at ▁a ▁spring ▁named ▁the ▁Agu a ▁del ▁Gu an aco , ▁then ▁on ▁the ▁next ▁morning ▁clim bed ▁the ▁" rough ▁mass " ▁of ▁fragment ed ▁green stone ▁to ▁the ▁sum mit , ▁where ▁they ▁spent ▁the ▁day . ▁A ▁pla que ▁on ▁the ▁path ▁to ▁the ▁top ▁comm emor ates ▁Dar win ' s ▁as cent . ▁Dar win ▁enjoyed ▁the ▁day ▁thoroughly , ▁writing ▁" Ch ile ▁& ▁its ▁boundaries ▁the ▁And es ▁& ▁the ▁Pac if ick ▁were ▁seen ▁as ▁in ▁a ▁Map . .... ▁Who ▁can ▁avoid ▁adm iring ▁the ▁wonderful ▁force |
▁which ▁has ▁up he aved ▁these ▁mountains , ▁& ▁even ▁more ▁so ▁the ▁count less ▁ages ▁which ▁it ▁must ▁have ▁required ▁to ▁have ▁broken ▁through , ▁removed ▁& ▁level led ▁whole ▁masses ▁of ▁them ?" ▁All ▁over ▁the ▁mountain ▁he ▁had ▁seen ▁attempts ▁at ▁gold ▁min ing , ▁and ▁even ▁on ▁the ▁sum mit ▁a ▁small ▁pit ▁had ▁been ▁exc av ated . ▁After ▁another ▁evening ▁talking ▁round ▁their ▁camp ▁fire , ▁they ▁desc ended ▁on ▁the ▁following ▁day ▁by ▁a ▁different ▁route ▁to ▁the ▁Ha ci enda , ▁and ▁continued ▁on ▁to ▁Qu ill ota ▁on ▁their ▁way ▁to ▁Santiago . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Ad i ant um ▁ger tr ud is ▁ ▁Ch ica uma ▁ ▁Cu esta ▁La ▁D orm ida ▁ ▁K ag ene ck ia ▁ob long a ▁ ▁O co a ▁Valley ▁ ▁Per se a ▁me yen iana ▁ ▁Pu ya ▁co qu imb ensis ▁ ▁Tre vo a ▁tr iner vis ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁'' Char les ▁Dar win ▁pla que ▁on ▁YouTube ▁ ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁Chile ▁Category : Ch ile an ▁Coast ▁Range <0x0A> </s> ▁Guy - H erv é ▁Im b ou a , ▁better ▁known ▁by ▁his ▁stage ▁name ▁H ▁Mag num , ▁is ▁a ▁French ▁ra pper ▁of ▁I vor ian ▁origin ▁signed ▁to ▁the ▁L oud Sch ool ▁Production ▁record ▁label . ▁ ▁Guy - H erv é ▁Im b ou a ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Y op oug on , ▁I v ory |
▁Coast , ▁and ▁imm igr ated ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 9 ▁year ▁old ▁to ▁France ▁and ▁res ided ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁arr ondissement ▁of ▁Paris . ▁He ▁started ▁ra pping ▁in ▁various ▁bands , ▁not ably ▁A con it , ▁a ▁collect ive ▁of ▁young ▁rapp ers ▁from ▁Saint - B la ise ▁region , ▁and ▁appeared ▁in ▁various ▁comp il ations . ▁He ▁later ▁joined ▁the ▁rap ▁collect ive ▁L ' In jection ▁Ly ric ale . ▁G aining ▁fame , ▁he ▁opened ▁for ▁A kon ▁on ▁ 1 1 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁at ▁Ber cy ▁and ▁performed ▁alongside ▁I AM ▁at ▁Z én ith ▁de ▁Paris ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁he ▁released ▁his ▁own ▁materials ▁in ▁the ▁album ▁Dream . ▁He ▁has ▁also ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁many ▁rapp ers ▁including ▁K ery ▁James , ▁Int ouch ables , ▁Diam ' S ▁and ▁Sex ion ▁d ' Ass aut . ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁Albums ▁ ▁Singles ▁ ▁O thers ▁/ ▁V ide ography ▁ 2 0 1 2 : ▁" Q ui ▁viv ra ▁ver ra " ▁ 2 0 1 3 : ▁" L ' app ât ▁du ▁gain " ▁ 2 0 1 3 : ▁" M i ▁amor " ▁ ▁Fe ature d ▁in ▁ ▁Private ▁life ▁H ▁Mag m um ▁is ▁the ▁cousin ▁of ▁V inci anne ▁T ano . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Facebook |
▁ ▁Category : F rench ▁rapp ers ▁Category : F rench ▁people ▁of ▁I vor ian ▁descent ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Chen ▁X ing x u ▁( , ▁born ▁ 3 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 6 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Chinese ▁actor . ▁He ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁his ▁roles ▁as ▁Yang ▁K ang ▁in ▁ ▁The ▁Leg end ▁of ▁the ▁Cond or ▁Hero es ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁and ▁Gu ▁X ia ow u ▁/ ▁Li ▁Ch eng y in ▁in ▁Good bye ▁My ▁Princess ▁( 2 0 1 9 ). ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁and ▁education ▁Chen ▁X ing x u ▁was ▁born ▁on ▁ 3 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁in ▁Sh eny ang , ▁L ia oning , ▁China . ▁He ▁was ▁rec ru ited ▁by ▁a ▁sc out ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁ 3 ▁years ▁old ▁in ▁the ▁park , ▁and ▁began ▁to ▁shoot ▁advert is ements . ▁He ▁shot ▁his ▁first ▁TV ▁series ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 4 . ▁▁ ▁Chen ▁en rolled ▁in ▁the ▁Performance ▁Department ▁( Act ing ▁Department ) ▁of ▁the ▁Central ▁Academy ▁of ▁D rama ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁and ▁graduated ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Career ▁▁ 2 0 0 1 – 2 0 1 0 : ▁Begin nings ▁as ▁child ▁actor ▁Chen ▁first ▁appeared ▁as ▁child ▁actor ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁TV ▁series ▁A ▁Pass ion |
ate ▁Life ▁ ▁which ▁stars ▁Golden ▁Hor se ▁award ▁winning ▁actress - L ü ▁Lip ing . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁he ▁participated ▁in ▁the ▁military ▁war ▁drama ▁The ▁Do or ▁to ▁the ▁Wind . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁he ▁star red ▁as ▁Pan ▁D ong zi ▁in ▁the ▁modern ▁children ▁TV ▁series ▁Spark ling ▁Red ▁Star . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁he ▁star red ▁in ▁the ▁historical ▁series ▁The ▁Leg end ▁of ▁M eng ▁Li ▁Ju , ▁playing ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁young ▁crown ▁prince . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁he ▁star red ▁in ▁the ▁rom ance ▁film ▁The ▁Love ▁of ▁Haw th orn ▁Tree . ▁▁ 2 0 1 7 – present : ▁R ising ▁popular ity ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Chen ▁started ▁to ▁gain ▁increased ▁attention ▁and ▁popular ity ▁with ▁his ▁role ▁as ▁Yang ▁K ang ▁in ▁the ▁w ux ia ▁drama ▁The ▁Leg end ▁of ▁the ▁Cond or ▁Hero es , ▁adapted ▁from ▁Jin ▁Y ong ' s ▁novel ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁name . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Chen ▁star red ▁in ▁the ▁historical ▁rom ance ▁drama ▁Good bye ▁My ▁Princess , ▁based ▁on ▁novel ▁by ▁Fe i ▁Wo ▁Si ▁C un . ▁The ▁drama ▁was ▁a ▁success ▁and ▁achieved ▁a ▁cult ▁following . ▁Chen ▁received ▁positive ▁reviews ▁for ▁his ▁port ray al ▁of ▁Gu ▁X ia ow u / Li ▁Ch eng y in , ▁which ▁led ▁to ▁increased |
▁popular ity ▁for ▁him . ▁He ▁was ▁then ▁cast ▁in ▁modern ▁drama ▁The ▁Best ▁of ▁Times , ▁followed ▁by ▁military ▁drama ▁The ▁Gl ory ▁of ▁Youth . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁Chen ▁star red ▁in ▁the ▁rom ance ▁fant asy ▁web ▁film ▁The ▁En chant ing ▁Ph antom , ▁adapted ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁film ▁A ▁Chinese ▁Ghost ▁Story . ▁ ▁Film ography ▁ ▁Film ▁ ▁Television ▁series ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁nomin ations ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁Chinese ▁male ▁actors ▁Category : Ch inese ▁male ▁television ▁actors ▁Category : Ch inese ▁male ▁film ▁actors ▁Category : M ale ▁actors ▁from ▁Sh eny ang ▁Category : Cent ral ▁Academy ▁of ▁D rama ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁Bol men ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁lake ▁in ▁Sm å land , ▁Sweden . ▁Cover ing ▁ 1 8 4 km ², ▁and ▁with ▁a ▁maximum ▁depth ▁of ▁ 3 7 ▁m , ▁it ▁supplies ▁a ▁considerable ▁part ▁of ▁Sk å ne ▁with ▁fresh ▁water ▁by ▁means ▁of ▁an ▁ 8 2 - km ▁long ▁tunnel , ▁the ▁Bol men ▁Water ▁T unnel , ▁built ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁and ▁ 8 0 s . ▁Bol men ▁is ▁situated ▁at ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁Finn ved en , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁small ▁lands ▁of ▁today ' s ▁Sm å land . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁t |
enth ▁largest ▁lake ▁in ▁Sweden . ▁ ▁It ▁contains ▁ 3 6 5 ▁islands , ▁of ▁which ▁the ▁largest ▁is ▁Bol ms ö , ▁which ▁was ▁histor ically ▁the ▁meeting - place ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁assembly . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Sm å land ▁Category : L akes ▁of ▁K ron o berg ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Pol t ava ▁( , ▁; ▁ ▁; ▁ ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁city ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁Vor sk la ▁River ▁in ▁central ▁Ukraine . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁capital ▁city ▁of ▁the ▁Pol t ava ▁O blast ▁( prov ince ) ▁and ▁of ▁the ▁surrounding ▁Pol t ava ▁Ra ion ▁( d istrict ) ▁of ▁the ▁ob last . ▁Pol t ava ▁is ▁administr atively ▁incorpor ated ▁as ▁a ▁city ▁of ▁ob last ▁significance ▁and ▁does ▁not ▁belong ▁to ▁the ▁ra ion . ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 2 8 9 , 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁History ▁It ▁is ▁still ▁unknown ▁when ▁Pol t ava ▁was ▁founded , ▁although ▁the ▁town ▁was ▁not ▁att ested ▁before ▁ 1 1 7 4 . ▁However , ▁for ▁reasons ▁unknown , ▁municipal ▁authorities ▁chose ▁to ▁celebr ate ▁the ▁city ' s ▁ 1 1 0 0 th ▁anni versary ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁The ▁settlement ▁is ▁indeed ▁an ▁old ▁one , ▁as ▁ar che olog ists ▁un ear th ed ▁a ▁Pale ol ith ic ▁dwell ing ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁S cy th ian ▁remains ▁within ▁the ▁city ▁limits . ▁ ▁Middle ▁A ges ▁The |
▁present ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁is ▁tradition ally ▁connected ▁to ▁the ▁settlement ▁L t ava ▁which ▁is ▁mentioned ▁in ▁the ▁Hyp at ian ▁Chron icle ▁in ▁ 1 1 7 4 . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁chron icle , ▁on ▁Saint ▁Peter ' s ▁Day ▁( 1 2 ▁July ) ▁of ▁ 1 1 8 2 , ▁Ig or ▁S vi atos lav ich , ▁ch asing ▁h ord es ▁of ▁the ▁C uman ▁k h ans ▁Kon ch ak ▁and ▁Kob iak , ▁crossed ▁the ▁Vor sk la ▁River ▁near ▁L t ava ▁and ▁moved ▁towards ▁Pere ias lav ), ▁where ▁Ig or ' s ▁army ▁was ▁vict orious ▁over ▁the ▁C um ans . ▁During ▁the ▁Mong ol ▁invasion ▁of ▁Rus ' ▁in ▁ 1 2 3 8 – 3 9 ▁many ▁cities ▁of ▁the ▁middle ▁D nie per ▁region ▁were ▁destroyed , ▁possibly ▁including ▁L t ava . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁mid ▁ 1 4 th ▁century ▁the ▁region ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Duch y ▁of ▁K iev , ▁which ▁was ▁a ▁v ass al ▁of ▁the ▁Alg ird as ' ▁Grand ▁Duch y ▁of ▁Lith u ania . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁Russian ▁historian ▁Aleks andr ▁Sh enn ik ov , ▁the ▁region ▁around ▁modern ▁Pol t ava ▁was ▁a ▁C uman ▁Duch y ▁belonging ▁to ▁Mans ur , ▁who ▁was ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁Mam ai . ▁Sh enn ik ov ▁also ▁claims ▁that ▁the ▁Mans ur ▁Duch y ▁joined ▁the ▁Grand ▁Duch y ▁of ▁Lith u ania ▁as ▁an ▁associated |
▁state ▁rather ▁than ▁a ▁v ass al ▁state , ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Pol t ava ▁already ▁existed ▁at ▁that ▁time . ▁In ▁ 1 3 9 9 ▁the ▁army ▁of ▁Mans ur ▁assist ed ▁the ▁army ▁of ▁the ▁Grand ▁Duch y ▁of ▁Lith u ania ▁in ▁the ▁battle ▁of ▁the ▁Vor sk la ▁River , ▁while ▁a ▁legend ▁says ▁that ▁after ▁the ▁battle , ▁the ▁C oss ack ▁Mam ay ▁helped ▁V y ta ut as ▁to ▁escape ▁his ▁death . ▁ ▁The ▁city ▁is ▁mentioned ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁under ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁Pol t ava ▁no ▁later ▁than ▁ 1 4 3 0 . ▁Supp osed ly , ▁in ▁ 1 4 3 0 ▁the ▁Lith uan ian ▁du ke ▁V y ta ut as ▁gave ▁the ▁city , ▁along ▁with ▁G lin sk ▁( today ▁a ▁village ▁near ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Rom ny ) ▁and ▁G lin its a , ▁to ▁Mur za ▁O lex a ▁( L ox ada ▁Mans ur x an ov ich ), ▁who ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁Grand ▁Duch y ▁of ▁Lith u ania ▁from ▁the ▁Golden ▁Hor de . ▁In ▁ 1 4 3 0 ▁Mur za ▁O lex a ▁was ▁bapt ized ▁as ▁Alexander ▁G lin sky , ▁who ▁was ▁a ▁pro gen itor ▁of ▁the ▁G lin sky ▁family . ▁According ▁to ▁Sh enn ink ov , ▁Alexander ▁G lin sky ▁must ▁have ▁been ▁bapt ized ▁in ▁ 1 3 9 0 ▁by ▁C yp rian , ▁Metropolitan ▁of ▁K iev |
, ▁who ▁had ▁just ▁reg ained ▁his ▁title ▁of ▁Metropolitan ▁of ▁K iev ▁and ▁all ▁Russia ▁( r ather ▁than ▁the ▁Metropolitan ▁of ▁Russia ▁Minor ▁and ▁Lith u ania ) ▁and ▁on ▁ 6 ▁March ▁ 1 3 9 0 ▁perman ently ▁moved ▁to ▁Mus c ovy . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 4 8 2 ▁Pol t ava ▁was ▁raz ed ▁by ▁the ▁Crime an ▁Khan ▁M eng li ▁I ▁Gi ray . ▁ ▁Early ▁Modern ▁period ▁In ▁ 1 5 3 7 ▁Og raf ena ▁Vas yl iv na ▁G lin ska ▁( B a ib u za ) ▁passed ▁Pol t ava ▁to ▁her ▁son - in - law ▁My kh ail o ▁Ivan ov ych ▁H ry b un ov - B a ib u za . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁Union ▁of ▁Lub lin ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 9 , ▁the ▁territory ▁around ▁Pol t ava ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Crown ▁of ▁Poland . ▁In ▁ 1 6 3 0 ▁Pol t ava ▁was ▁passed ▁to ▁a ▁Polish ▁magn ate , ▁Bar th ol ome w ▁Ob alk owski . ▁In ▁ 1 6 4 1 ▁it ▁changed ▁ownership ▁again , ▁ ▁to ▁Alexander ▁Kon iec pol ski . ▁In ▁ 1 6 4 6 ▁Pol t ava ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁Wi ś ni owie cki ▁Ord yn ats ia ▁( a ▁large ▁Wi ś ni owie cki ▁estate ▁in ▁Left - bank ▁Ukraine ▁centered ▁in ▁Lub ny ), ▁govern ed ▁by ▁the ▁Ruth en ian - Pol ish |
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