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▁in ▁her ▁performance . ▁All ▁this , ▁in ▁collaboration ▁with ▁Brook me yer , ▁makes ▁for ▁an ▁outstanding ▁session . ▁Too ▁many ▁solo ▁highlights ▁to ▁credit , ▁but ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁criminal ▁to ▁ignore ▁bass ist ▁Thomas ▁O ves en ▁and ▁the ▁fl ug el horn ist ▁Hen rik ▁Bol berg ▁Ped ers en , ▁and ▁everyone ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁sc or ching ▁title ▁tune ." ▁ ▁Jack ▁Bow ers ▁of ▁All ▁About ▁Jazz ▁noted ▁" The ▁compos itions ▁on ▁Imp uls ive ! ▁are ▁by ▁Brazil ian – b red ▁Eli as , ▁the ▁charts ▁by ▁Kansas ▁City ’ s ▁Bob ▁Brook me yer , ▁and ▁they ▁— ▁and ▁the ▁Dan ish ▁Radio ▁Jazz ▁Orchestra ▁— ▁form ▁an ▁impress ively ▁cosm opol itan ▁team . ▁Or chestr ally ▁speaking , ▁Brook me yer ▁gets ▁the ▁most ▁out ▁of ▁each ▁of ▁Eli as ’ ▁half – do zen ▁charming ▁melod ies , ▁sketch ing ▁them ▁in ▁bold ▁and ▁brilliant ▁colors , ▁while ▁the ▁DR JO ▁plays ▁them ▁with ▁its ▁usual ▁un ru ff led ▁prof iciency ▁and ▁fl air ." ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁C red its ▁Bob ▁Brook me yer ▁– ▁condu ctor ▁ ▁El iane ▁Eli as ▁– ▁piano ▁Dan ish ▁Radio ▁Jazz ▁Orchestra ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 7 ▁albums ▁Category : El iane ▁Eli as ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Valley ▁F urn ace ▁is ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁in ▁Bar bour ▁County , ▁West ▁Virginia . ▁ ▁The ▁community
▁was ▁named ▁for ▁a ▁blast ▁furn ace ▁near ▁the ▁original ▁town ▁site . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Un inc or por ated ▁communities ▁in ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Category : Un inc or por ated ▁communities ▁in ▁Bar bour ▁County , ▁West ▁Virginia <0x0A> </s> ▁F ear ▁Over ▁the ▁City ▁( F rench : ▁Pe ur ▁sur ▁la ▁ville ) ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁French ▁crime ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Henri ▁Ver ne u il ▁and ▁star ring ▁Jean ▁Paul ▁Bel mond o . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁Bel mond o ▁played ▁a ▁police ▁officer . ▁▁ ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁the ▁USA ▁and ▁the ▁UK ▁as ▁ ▁The ▁Night ▁Call er . ▁ ▁Plot ▁Pol ic eman ▁Jean ▁Let ell ier ▁is ▁under ▁pressure ▁because ▁the ▁inf amous ▁gang ster ▁Mar cu cc i ▁escaped ▁from ▁him ▁publicly . ▁Moreover ▁during ▁the ▁pursuit ▁an ▁innocent ▁by stand er ▁was ▁killed ▁by ▁a ▁st ray ▁bullet . ▁Let ell ier ▁is ▁investigated ▁for ▁having ▁fired ▁the ▁deadly ▁bullet . ▁ ▁Before ▁Let ell ier ▁is ▁cleared , ▁a ▁serial ▁killer ▁begins ▁to ▁murder ▁young ▁women , ▁each ▁time ▁leaving ▁a ▁weird ▁message ▁at ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁crime . ▁He ▁calls ▁himself ▁" Min os ", ▁referring ▁to ▁the ▁Div ine ▁Com edy . ▁The ▁murder er ▁always ▁decl ares ▁he ▁had ▁pun ished ▁his ▁victims ▁for ▁what ▁he ▁considers ▁their ▁imp ure ▁life ▁style . ▁ ▁While ▁Let ell ier ▁still ▁has ▁no ▁trace ▁of ▁" Min os ", ▁he
▁comes ▁across ▁Mar cu cc i ' s ▁current ▁where ab outs . ▁Just ▁as ▁before , ▁Mar cu cc i ▁tries ▁to ▁escape ▁in ▁a ▁spectacular ▁manner ▁when ▁Let ell ier ▁confront s ▁him . ▁But ▁this ▁time ▁Mar cu cc i ▁dies ▁in ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁action . ▁Mar cu cc i ' s ▁death ▁is ▁no ▁relief ▁for ▁Let ell ier ▁who ▁is ▁now ▁publicly ▁accused ▁of ▁having ▁neg lected ▁the ▁" Min os " ▁case ▁in ▁favour ▁of ▁sett ling ▁his ▁personal ▁fe ud ▁with ▁his ▁late ▁ar chen emy . ▁▁ ▁" Min os " ▁keeps ▁on ▁murder ing ▁and ▁leaving ▁prov oking ▁hint s ▁until ▁Let ell ier ▁can ▁identify ▁him . ▁The ▁serial ▁killer ▁can ▁only ▁scarc ely ▁el ude ▁Let ell ier , ▁who ▁ch ases ▁him ▁over ▁the ▁roof s ▁of ▁Paris . ▁His ▁next ▁coup ▁is ▁to ▁take ▁host ages ▁in ▁a ▁sky sc rap er . ▁Let ell ier ▁decides ▁he ▁has ▁had ▁it ▁and ▁goes ▁air borne . ▁From ▁a ▁flying ▁helic opter ▁he ▁j umps ▁through ▁the ▁window ▁into ▁the ▁flat ▁and ▁puts ▁" Min os " ▁ ▁down . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Jean - Paul ▁Bel mond o ▁as ▁Jean ▁Let ell ier ▁ ▁Charles ▁Den ner ▁as ▁Charles ▁Mo iss ac ▁ ▁Giovanni ▁C ian fr iglia ▁as ▁Mar cu cc i ▁ ▁Ad al ber to ▁Maria ▁Mer li ▁as ▁Min os ▁▁ ▁as ▁In spector ▁Sab in ▁ ▁Le a ▁Mass ari ▁as ▁Nor ah ▁El
mer ▁ ▁Ros y ▁Var te ▁as ▁Germ aine ▁Do izon ▁ ▁Catherine ▁Mor in ▁as ▁H él ène ▁Gr amm ont ▁ ▁Jean - Fr anç ois ▁Bal mer ▁as ▁Jul ien ▁Dallas ▁ ▁Albert ▁Del py ▁as ▁Henri ▁Vern ell ic ▁ ▁Re ception ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁the ▁second ▁most ▁popular ▁film ▁at ▁the ▁French ▁box ▁office ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁after ▁The ▁Tower ing ▁In fer no . ▁It ▁was ▁Bel mond o ' s ▁most ▁popular ▁movie ▁since ▁Le ▁C asse ▁( 1 9 7 2 ). ▁It ▁was ▁also ▁popular ▁in ▁Italy ▁and ▁Germany . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁the ▁USA ▁and ▁the ▁UK ▁as ▁The ▁Night ▁Call er . ▁ ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁said ▁" it ▁seems ▁to ▁be ▁two ▁completely ▁different ▁movies , ▁neither ▁of ▁them ▁up ▁to ▁much ." ▁The ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁thought ▁the ▁action ▁sequences ▁" keep ▁an ▁otherwise ▁routine ▁film ▁entertaining ." ▁Time ▁Out ▁said ▁Bel mond o ▁is ▁" p iling ▁st unt ▁on ▁dare dev il ▁st unt ▁and ▁risk ing ▁his ▁neck ▁for ▁a ▁particularly ▁silly ▁story ", ▁and ▁" des per ately ▁little ▁of ▁the ▁film ' s ▁energy " ▁goes ▁into ▁the ▁plot . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁F ear ▁Over ▁the ▁City ▁at ▁Le ▁Film ▁Guide ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 5 ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁films ▁Category : F rench - language ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁crime ▁action ▁films ▁Category
: F rench ▁crime ▁action ▁films ▁Category : Pol ice ▁detective ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Henri ▁Ver ne u il ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁En nio ▁Mor ric one ▁Category : Col umb ia ▁Pictures ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁mit es ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁La el ap idae . ▁The ▁small ▁mac rop od ▁species ▁Hy ps ip ry mn od on ▁mos ch atus , ▁the ▁mus ky ▁rat ▁k ang ar oo , ▁is ▁recorded ▁as ▁a ▁to ▁host ▁species ▁of ▁this ▁m ite . ▁ ▁Spec ies ▁ ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁anom al us ▁( H irst , ▁ 1 9 2 6 ) ▁ ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁ant ip od iana ▁( H irst , ▁ 1 9 2 6 ) ▁ ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁austral iens is ▁( H irst , ▁ 1 9 2 6 ) ▁ ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁band ic oot a ▁( W om ers ley , ▁ 1 9 5 6 ) ▁ ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁lag ot is inus ▁( H irst , ▁ 1 9 3 1 ) ▁ ▁Mes ol ael aps ▁sm inth opsis ▁( W om ers ley , ▁ 1 9 5 4 ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : L ael ap idae <0x0A> </s> ▁Psych ic ▁K iller ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁American ▁horror ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Ray ▁D anton ▁and ▁written ▁by ▁Gre yd
on ▁Clark , ▁M ikel ▁Angel ▁and ▁Ray ▁D anton . ▁The ▁film ▁stars ▁Paul ▁Bur ke , ▁Jim ▁H utton , ▁Julie ▁Adams , ▁Ne hem iah ▁Pers off , ▁Nev ille ▁Brand ▁and ▁Ald o ▁Ray . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁by ▁AV CO ▁Emb assy ▁Pictures . ▁Origin ally ▁released ▁under ▁the ▁alternate ▁title ▁The ▁K irl ian ▁Force , ▁it ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁Psych ic ▁K iller ▁to ▁emphas ize ▁the ▁more ▁sens ational ▁horror ▁scenes ▁of ▁the ▁film . ▁ ▁This ▁was ▁the ▁final ▁the atr ical ▁film ▁for ▁both ▁Jim ▁H utton ▁and ▁Paul ▁Bur ke . ▁ ▁Plot ▁Arnold ▁Masters ▁( J im ▁H utton ) ▁is ▁a ▁young ▁man ▁serving ▁time ▁in ▁an ▁institution ▁for ▁the ▁crim in ally ▁insane ▁for ▁a ▁crime ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁commit . ▁ ▁Arnold ▁reveals ▁his ▁situation ▁to ▁a ▁fellow ▁in mate : ▁His ▁mother ▁was ▁very ▁sick , ▁and ▁needed ▁an ▁operation ▁to ▁remove ▁a ▁tum or . ▁But ▁due ▁to ▁Arnold ' s ▁mother ▁having ▁no ▁insurance , ▁the ▁doctor ▁did ▁not ▁perform ▁the ▁operation . ▁When ▁Arnold ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁doctor ' s ▁office , ▁the ▁doctor ▁was ▁found ▁dead , ▁and ▁Arnold ▁was ▁fr amed ▁for ▁the ▁crime . ▁A ▁speed y ▁trial ▁resulted ▁in ▁Arnold ' s ▁testimony ▁being ▁used ▁against ▁him , ▁and ▁as ▁a ▁result , ▁he ▁was ▁found ▁not ▁guilty ▁of ▁murder ▁by ▁reason ▁of ▁ins an ity . ▁And ▁during ▁his ▁time
▁in ▁the ▁institution , ▁his ▁mother ▁had ▁died , ▁which ▁Arnold ▁did ▁not ▁know ▁about ▁until ▁six ▁months ▁later . ▁ ▁An ▁in mate ▁gives ▁Arnold ▁an ▁am u let , ▁in ▁which ▁Arnold ▁learn s ▁astr al ▁projection ▁- ▁the ▁art ▁of ▁leaving ▁one ' s ▁physical ▁body ▁and ▁transport ing ▁the ▁soul ▁elsewhere . ▁Arnold ▁is ▁soon ▁freed ▁from ▁the ▁institution ▁after ▁the ▁doctor ' s ▁real ▁killer ▁was ▁caught ▁and ▁conf essed ▁to ▁the ▁crime . ▁Soon ▁after , ▁Arnold ▁begins ▁using ▁his ▁new found ▁power ▁of ▁astr al ▁projection ▁to ▁kill ▁those ▁he ▁feel ▁were ▁responsible ▁for ▁his ▁inc ar cer ation ▁and ▁his ▁mother ' s ▁death . ▁ ▁Among ▁Arnold ' s ▁victims ▁are ▁a ▁court ▁appointed ▁psychiat rist ▁whose ▁testimony ▁at ▁Arnold ' s ▁trial ▁sealed ▁his ▁fate , ▁the ▁nurse ▁who ▁was ▁supposed ▁to ▁care ▁for ▁Arnold ' s ▁mother , ▁but ▁neg lected ▁to ▁do ▁so ; ▁the ▁police ▁officer ▁who ▁arrested ▁Arnold , ▁and ▁the ▁lawyer ▁who ▁sold ▁out ▁Arnold ▁at ▁the ▁trial . ▁All ▁their ▁deaths ▁are ▁made ▁to ▁look ▁like ▁accidents , ▁which ▁b aff les ▁the ▁police ▁- ▁most ▁notably , ▁L t . ▁Jeff ▁Morgan ▁( Paul ▁Bur ke ). ▁ ▁L t . ▁Morgan ▁pieces ▁together ▁the ▁connection ▁of ▁the ▁victims ▁to ▁Arnold , ▁and ▁visits ▁Arnold ' s ▁house ▁one ▁night . ▁Morgan ▁is ▁determined ▁to ▁get ▁to ▁the ▁bottom ▁of ▁all ▁these ▁deaths , ▁even ▁though ▁he ▁has ▁no ▁evidence ▁link ing ▁Arnold ▁to ▁the ▁mur
ders . ▁Morgan ▁is ▁soon ▁joined ▁by ▁Arnold ' s ▁doctor , ▁Laura ▁Scott ▁( J ul ie ▁Adams ), ▁who ▁tried ▁to ▁help ▁Arnold ▁during ▁his ▁time ▁in ▁the ▁institution , ▁and ▁a ▁colle ague ▁of ▁hers , ▁Dr . ▁G ub ner ▁( Ne hem iah ▁Pers off ). ▁ ▁Before ▁long , ▁Morgan ▁decides ▁to ▁put ▁an ▁end ▁to ▁Arnold ' s ▁murder ous ▁sp ree . ▁Morgan ▁rec alls ▁a ▁conversation ▁where ▁Arnold ▁can ▁be ▁med ically ▁dead ▁while ▁in ▁his ▁tr ance . ▁While ▁Arnold ▁is ▁having ▁another ▁out - of - body ▁experience , ▁Morgan ▁goes ▁over ▁to ▁his ▁house ▁and ▁has ▁the ▁medical ▁exam iner ▁take ▁Arnold ' s ▁physical ▁body ▁to ▁the ▁cre m ator ium , ▁but ▁not ▁before ▁he ▁has ▁the ▁medical ▁exam iner ▁declare ▁him ▁dead . ▁While ▁Morgan ▁is ▁having ▁Arnold ' s ▁body ▁loaded ▁into ▁an ▁oven ▁at ▁the ▁cre m ator ium , ▁Arnold ' s ▁astr al ▁form ▁sees ▁Laura ▁in ▁his ▁house . ▁Just ▁as ▁Arnold ▁is ▁talking ▁to ▁Laura , ▁he ▁suddenly ▁lets ▁out ▁a ▁horrible ▁scream . ▁Arnold ' s ▁astr al ▁form ▁real izes ▁that ▁his ▁physical ▁body ▁is ▁being ▁burned ▁alive ▁in ▁the ▁cre m ator ium ▁oven . ▁Arnold ▁w akes ▁up ▁in ▁the ▁oven , ▁screaming ▁in ▁ag ony ▁until ▁he ▁is ▁burned ▁to ▁death . ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Paul ▁Bur ke ▁as ▁Police ▁L t . ▁Jeff ▁Morgan ▁Jim ▁H utton ▁as ▁Arnold ▁James ▁Masters ▁Julie ▁Adams ▁as ▁Dr .
▁Laura ▁Scott ▁Ne hem iah ▁Pers off ▁as ▁Dr . ▁G ub ner ▁Nev ille ▁Brand ▁as ▁L emon owski ▁Ald o ▁Ray ▁as ▁L t . ▁Dave ▁Anderson ▁Whit ▁B iss ell ▁as ▁Dr . ▁Paul ▁Taylor ▁Rod ▁Cameron ▁as ▁Dr . ▁Comm anger ▁D ella ▁Re ese ▁as ▁Mrs . ▁Gib son ▁Mary ▁Charlotte ▁Wil co x ▁as ▁Nur se ▁Burn son ▁ ▁Jud ith ▁Brown ▁as ▁Anne ▁Turner ▁Joseph ▁D ella ▁S orte ▁as ▁Harvey ▁B . ▁Sand ers ▁Gre yd on ▁Clark ▁as ▁Police ▁S gt . ▁Mar v ▁S ow ash ▁Harry ▁Hol com be ▁as ▁Judge ▁Robin ▁Raymond ▁as ▁J ury ▁Fore man ▁ ▁Jerry ▁James ▁as ▁Dr . ▁C umm ings ▁D iane ▁De ining er ▁as ▁Arnold ' s ▁Mother ▁John ▁Dennis ▁as ▁Frank ▁Bill ▁Quinn ▁as ▁Hospital ▁Cor on er ▁Mar land ▁Pro ctor ▁as ▁Motor cycle ▁Cop ▁Walter ▁O . ▁Miles ▁as ▁Cor on er ▁ ▁Stack ▁Pier ce ▁as ▁Em ilio ▁M ello ▁Alexand ria ▁as ▁Cop ▁Sand ra ▁R ust am ▁as ▁Young ▁Girl ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 5 ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films ▁Category : A str al ▁projection ▁in ▁popular ▁culture ▁Category : English - language ▁films ▁Category : American ▁horror ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 7 5 ▁horror ▁films ▁Category : Emb assy ▁Pictures ▁films ▁Category : E rot ic ▁horror ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Diet her ▁K un er th ▁( born ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁in ▁Fre
iw ald au ) ▁is ▁a ▁contemporary ▁artist ▁who ▁lives ▁in ▁Otto be uren , ▁Upper ▁Sw ab ia . ▁ ▁Life ▁Diet her ▁K un er th ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁in ▁Fre iw ald au ▁in ▁the ▁Reich sg au ▁Sud eten land . ▁He ▁studied ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁at ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts , ▁Mun ich ▁and ▁was ▁master - class ▁student ▁of ▁Prof . ▁Kir ch ner . ▁ ▁K un er th ▁soon ▁turned ▁his ▁back ▁on ▁the ▁city ▁to ▁work ▁in ▁Otto be uren . ▁Without ▁being ▁subject ▁to ▁the ▁constraints ▁of ▁big - city ▁art ▁business , ▁he ▁developed ▁a ▁large ▁and ▁extensive ▁o e uv re . ▁In ▁consideration ▁of ▁K un er th ' s ▁artistic ▁significance , ▁the ▁municip ality ▁of ▁Otto be uren ▁established ▁the ▁Museum ▁für ▁ze it gen ö ss ische ▁Kunst ▁– ▁Diet her ▁K un er th ▁( m useum ▁for ▁contemporary ▁art ▁– ▁Diet her ▁K un er th ), ▁which ▁cost ▁ 4 . 7 ▁M io ▁Euro ▁and ▁was ▁co - fund ed ▁by ▁the ▁federal ▁state ▁of ▁B av aria ▁und ▁the ▁EU . ▁The ▁museum ▁opened ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁Exhib itions ▁( Selection ) ▁ ▁S olo ▁Exhib itions ▁Gal erie ▁G url itt , ▁München ▁( 1 9 6 4 , 1 9 6 7 ) ▁Landes m
useum ▁Det m old ▁( 1 9 7 7 ) ▁Dob ler ▁H au , ▁K auf be uren ▁( 1 9 7 7 ) ▁Sch ae z ler ▁Pal ais , ▁Aug sburg ▁( 1 9 7 8 ) ▁Gal erie ▁L ü p fer t , ▁Hann over ▁( 1 9 7 8 , ▁ 1 9 8 6 ) ▁St ä dt ische ▁Gal erie , ▁P ader born ▁( 1 9 8 0 , ▁ 1 9 8 1 ) ▁St ä dt ische ▁Gal erie , ▁St ade ▁( 1 9 8 1 ) ▁Gal erie ▁von ▁Bra un be hren s , ▁München ▁( 1 9 8 5 ) ▁Gal erie ▁Ne u end orf , ▁Mem ming en ▁( 1 9 8 6 – 2 0 0 4 ) ▁Bre ch th aus , ▁Aug sburg ▁( 1 9 8 6 ) ▁Gal erie ▁in ▁der ▁F ink en straße , ▁München ▁( 1 9 8 7 ) ▁St ä dt ische ▁Gal erie , ▁B iele feld ▁( 1 9 8 7 ) ▁Universität , ▁B iele feld ▁( 1 9 8 9 ) ▁made ▁Gal erie , ▁Th ann hausen ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁Gal erie ▁Tab ula , ▁T ü bing en ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁St ä dt ische ▁Gal erie , ▁Le ut kir ch ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁EP - G al erie , ▁D üss eld orf ▁( 1 9 9 1 ,
▁ 1 9 9 5 – 1 9 9 7 ) ▁Kre uz her r ns aal , ▁Mem ming en ▁( 1 9 9 2 ) ▁Haus ▁des ▁Gast es , ▁Bad ▁Gr ö nen bach ▁( 1 9 9 3 , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ) ▁K orn haus , ▁Kir ch heim / Te ck ▁( 1 9 9 4 ) ▁Paris - H aus , ▁Mem ming en ▁( 1 9 9 4 ) ▁Theater fo yer , ▁Mem ming en ▁( 1 9 9 5 ) ▁Johann iter h alle , ▁Schw ä b isch ▁Hall ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁Sch lo ß ▁El bro ich , ▁D üss eld orf ▁( 1 9 9 6 ) ▁Art ▁Cab inet , ▁N ant ucket , ▁USA ▁( 1 9 9 6 , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁T os kan ische ▁S ä ul enh alle , ▁Aug sburg ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁Mark tpl atz ▁Otto be uren ▁( 2 0 0 2 ) ▁St . ▁Ul rich ▁Bas il ika , ▁Aug sburg ▁( 2 0 0 3 ) ▁Bas il ika ▁Otto be uren ▁( 2 0 0 3 ) ▁Stad tt he ater ▁Mem ming en ▁( 2 0 0 3 ) ▁Museum ▁für ▁ze it gen ö ss ische ▁Kunst ▁– ▁Diet her ▁K un er th , ▁Otto be uren ▁( 2 0 1 4 – 2 0 1 5 ) ▁ ▁Group ▁Exhib itions ▁Muse
o ▁W ür th , ▁La ▁Rio ja ▁Museum ▁W ür th , ▁K ün zel au ▁Design ▁Fair , ▁New ▁York ▁Gal erie ▁Ne u end orf , ▁Mem ming en ▁K ünst ler haus ▁Th urn ▁und ▁T axis , ▁B reg enz ▁E chn aton ▁Gal erie , ▁K airo , ▁Ä gy pt en ▁Gal erie ▁Yan ag iz awa , ▁Tok io ▁Gal erie ▁Mar qu it , ▁Boston , ▁USA ▁Muse o ▁d ' arte ▁modern a ▁e ▁contempor ane a ▁T rent o ▁e ▁R over eto ▁( M ART ), ▁Ar te ▁S ella ▁Document a ▁G aller ia ▁d ' Ar te ▁Modern a ▁e ▁Cont empor ane a ▁( G AM e C ) ▁di ▁Berg amo , ▁Acc adem ia ▁Carr ara ▁Art ▁Miami , ▁International ▁Modern ▁& ▁Cont emporary ▁Art ▁N evin ▁Kelly ▁Gallery , ▁Washington ▁DC ▁Design ▁Fair , ▁New ▁York ▁Dun ap ▁Gal erie , ▁Budapest , ▁U ng arn ▁Ex po ▁Hann over ▁ ▁Awards ▁ 1 9 7 0 : ▁Kunst pre is ▁des ▁Reg ier ungs bez ir ks ▁Schw aben ▁ 1 9 7 8 : ▁Kultur pre is ▁der ▁Stadt ▁Mem ming en ▁ 1 9 8 5 : ▁Groß er ▁Sie ben - Sch w aben - Pre is ▁Aug sburg ▁ 1 9 8 8 : ▁Bür ger pre is ▁der ▁Stadt ▁K empt en ▁( D ach ser ▁Pre is ) ▁ 2 0 0 0 : ▁Str ig el pre
is ▁der ▁Stadt ▁Mem ming en ▁ ▁Works ▁ 1 9 9 6 : ▁world ' s ▁largest ▁wooden ▁head , ▁Er k heim ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : G erman ▁pain ters ▁Category : G erman ▁male ▁pain ters ▁Category : G erman ▁sculpt ors ▁Category : G erman ▁male ▁sculpt ors ▁Category : Cont emporary ▁pain ters <0x0A> </s> ▁Ph ym ate us ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁grass hop pers ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁P yr g omorph idae . ▁ ▁Description ▁Spec ies ▁of ▁the ▁genus ▁Ph ym ate us ▁are ▁African ▁grass hop pers ▁about ▁ ▁long . ▁Some ▁species ▁at ▁mat urity ▁are ▁capable ▁of ▁long ▁migr atory ▁flights . ▁They ▁raise ▁and ▁rust le ▁wings ▁when ▁dist urbed ▁and ▁may ▁se crete ▁a ▁no x ious ▁fluid ▁from ▁the ▁th or ac ic ▁joint . ▁These ▁loc ust s ▁feed ▁on ▁highly ▁toxic ▁plants ▁and ▁usually ▁congreg ate ▁in ▁large ▁numbers ▁on ▁trees ▁and ▁shr ub s , ▁arranged ▁in ▁such ▁a ▁way ▁as ▁to ▁re semble ▁fol i age . ▁Fem ales ▁of ▁the ▁species ▁Ph ym ate us ▁mor b ill os us ▁are ▁unable ▁to ▁fly , ▁despite ▁fully ▁developed ▁wings . ▁ ▁Distribution ▁Spec ies ▁of ▁this ▁genus ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁Southern , ▁Central ▁and ▁East ▁Africa , ▁through ▁Som alia ▁and ▁Mad ag asc ar ▁to ▁India . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁species ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁a eg rot us ▁( G erst ä cker ,
▁ 1 8 6 9 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁b acc atus ▁( St å l , ▁ 1 8 7 6 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁bol iv ari ▁Kir by , ▁W . F ., ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁c inct us ▁( F ab ric ius , ▁ 1 7 9 3 ) ▁= ▁P . ▁st oll i ▁( Sa uss ure , ▁ 1 8 6 1 ) ▁= ▁P . ▁flav us ▁( I . ▁Bol iv ar , ▁ 1 9 0 3 ) ▁= ▁P . ▁squ ar ros us ▁( H out tu yn , ▁ 1 8 1 3 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁ir is ▁Bol iv ar , ▁I ., ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁k ars chi ▁Bol iv ar , ▁I ., ▁ 1 9 0 4 ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁le pro s us ▁( F ab ric ius , ▁ 1 7 9 3 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁mad ag ass us ▁K ars ch , ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁mor b ill os us ▁( Lin na e us , ▁ 1 7 5 8 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁pul ch err im us ▁( I . ▁Bol í var , ▁ 1 9 0 4 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁pur pur asc ens ▁( K ars ch
, ▁ 1 8 9 6 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁sa x os us ▁( Co quer el , ▁ 1 8 6 2 ) ▁ ▁Ph ym ate us ▁vir id ipes ▁St å l , ▁ 1 8 7 3 ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁Link sa ▁ ▁Gen us ▁Ph ym ate us ▁ ▁Category : P yr g omorph idae ▁Category : C ael if era ▁gener a ▁Category : Tax a ▁named ▁by ▁Carl ▁Peter ▁Th un berg <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Football ▁League ▁play - offs ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 9 – 9 0 ▁season ▁were ▁held ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁with ▁the ▁fin als ▁taking ▁place ▁at ▁W em ble y ▁Stadium . ▁The ▁play - off ▁semi - fin als ▁were ▁also ▁played ▁over ▁two ▁legs ▁and ▁were ▁cont ested ▁by ▁the ▁teams ▁who ▁finished ▁in ▁ 3 rd , ▁ 4 th , ▁ 5 th ▁and ▁ 6 th ▁ ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁Football ▁League ▁Second ▁Division , ▁the ▁ 4 th , ▁ 5 th , ▁ 6 th ▁and ▁ 7 th ▁placed ▁teams ▁in ▁the ▁Football ▁League ▁Third ▁Division ▁ ▁and ▁the ▁ 3 rd , ▁ 4 th , ▁ 5 th ▁and ▁ 6 th ▁place ▁teams ▁in ▁the ▁ ▁Football ▁League ▁Fourth ▁Division ▁table . ▁The ▁winners ▁of ▁the ▁semi - fin als ▁progress ed ▁through ▁to ▁the ▁fin als , ▁with ▁the ▁winner ▁of ▁these ▁matches
▁gaining ▁promotion ▁for ▁the ▁following ▁season . ▁The ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁play - offs ▁fin als ▁were ▁the ▁first ▁to ▁be ▁played ▁at ▁W em ble y ▁Stadium . ▁ ▁Background ▁The ▁Football ▁League ▁play - offs ▁have ▁been ▁held ▁every ▁year ▁since ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁They ▁take ▁place ▁for ▁each ▁division ▁following ▁the ▁conclusion ▁of ▁the ▁regular ▁season ▁and ▁are ▁cont ested ▁by ▁the ▁four ▁clubs ▁finishing ▁below ▁the ▁automatic ▁promotion ▁places . ▁For ▁the ▁first ▁three ▁seasons ▁the ▁final ▁was ▁played ▁over ▁two ▁legs ▁but ▁this ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁a ▁single ▁match ▁at ▁W em ble y ▁Stadium ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁ ▁Second ▁Division ▁ ▁Sem i - fin als ▁First ▁leg ▁ ▁Second ▁leg ▁ ▁S under land ▁won ▁ 2 – 0 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁Sw ind on ▁Town ▁won ▁ 4 – 2 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁Final ▁ ▁Dem otion ▁Although ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁promotion ▁play - offs , ▁Sw ind on ▁Town ▁did ▁not ▁compete ▁in ▁the ▁First ▁Division ▁during ▁the ▁following ▁season . ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 9 – 9 0 ▁season ▁the ▁club ▁was ▁charged ▁with ▁ 3 6 ▁bre aches ▁of ▁Football ▁League ▁regulations ▁– ▁ 3 5 ▁of ▁which ▁related ▁to ▁illegal ▁payments ▁made ▁to ▁players ▁between ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁ ▁A ▁hearing ▁to ▁decide ▁the ▁club ' s ▁fate ▁was ▁scheduled ▁for ▁ 4 ▁May ▁– ▁before ▁the ▁play -
offs ▁began ▁– ▁but ▁this ▁was ▁post pon ed ▁on ▁legal ▁advice ▁just ▁days ▁before ▁it ▁was ▁due ▁when ▁Sw ind on ▁chairman ▁Brian ▁Hill ier , ▁club ▁account ant ▁V ince ▁F arr ar ▁and ▁former ▁team ▁manager ▁Lou ▁Mac ari ▁were ▁charged ▁by ▁police ▁for ▁" intent ▁to ▁def ra ud ▁In land ▁Rev enue ▁by ▁making ▁payments ▁without ▁ded uct ing ▁tax ▁or ▁N I ". ▁( In ▁July ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁both ▁Hill ier ▁and ▁F arr ar ▁were ▁found ▁guilty ▁of ▁these ▁charges , ▁while ▁Mac ari ▁was ▁cleared ). ▁ ▁Hill ier ▁and ▁Mac ari ▁had ▁already ▁been ▁pun ished ▁by ▁the ▁FA ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁for ▁their ▁involvement ▁in ▁a ▁£ 6 , 5 0 0 ▁bet ▁being ▁placed ▁on ▁Sw ind on ▁losing ▁to ▁New castle ▁United ▁in ▁a ▁tie ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 7 – 8 8 ▁FA ▁Cup . ▁The ▁bet ▁was ▁successful ▁and ▁net ted ▁£ 4 , 0 0 0 ▁w innings . ▁As ▁this ▁activity ▁ran ▁counter ▁to ▁FA ▁rules ▁that ▁for bid ▁any ▁bet s ▁by ▁club ▁officials ▁or ▁players ▁on ▁their ▁own ▁team , ▁both ▁were ▁found ▁guilty . ▁Hill ier ▁was ▁given ▁a ▁six - month ▁suspension ▁from ▁football , ▁but ▁after ▁he ▁( un success fully ) ▁appe aled , ▁the ▁FA ▁increased ▁it ▁to ▁three ▁years . ▁Mac ari ▁was ▁fin ed ▁£ 1 , 0 0 0 ▁( up held ▁after ▁his ▁own ▁appeal ), ▁and
▁Sw ind on ▁Town ▁given ▁a ▁£ 7 , 5 0 0 ▁fine . ▁ ▁At ▁a ▁Football ▁League ▁hearing ▁on ▁ 7 ▁June , ▁Sw ind on ▁ple aded ▁guilty ▁to ▁all ▁ 3 6 ▁charges ▁against ▁them ▁and ▁admitted ▁a ▁further ▁twenty . ▁The ▁league ▁decre ed ▁that ▁the ▁club ▁would ▁be ▁denied ▁promotion ▁and ▁instead ▁dem oted ▁to ▁the ▁Third ▁Division . ▁Six ▁days ▁later , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁losing ▁play - off ▁final ists ▁S under land ▁would ▁be ▁instead ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁First ▁Division . ▁This ▁was ▁controversial ▁as ▁New castle ▁felt ▁that ▁as ▁they ▁had ▁finished ▁third , ▁three ▁places ▁above ▁bitter ▁riv als ▁S under land , ▁they ▁should ▁have ▁been ▁promoted ▁instead . ▁The ▁FA ' s ▁decision ▁stood ▁and ▁S under land ▁were ▁promoted . ▁▁ ▁Sw ind on ▁launched ▁a ▁High ▁Court ▁appeal ▁against ▁the ▁Football ▁League ' s ▁double ▁dem otion , ▁claiming ▁it ▁to ▁be ▁" har sh , ▁opp ress ive ▁and ▁dis pro port ion ate ▁to ▁previous ▁pen alties ". ▁However , ▁within ▁days ▁they ▁dropped ▁this ▁action ▁and ▁instead ▁appe aled ▁directly ▁to ▁the ▁FA . ▁On ▁ 2 ▁July ▁an ▁FA ▁Appe al ▁Panel ▁reduced ▁the ▁punishment ▁to ▁the ▁club ▁simply ▁remaining ▁in ▁the ▁Second ▁Division ; ▁Tr an m ere ▁Ro vers ▁– ▁the ▁losing ▁play - off ▁final ists ▁in ▁the ▁Third ▁Division ▁– ▁who ▁were ▁to ▁have ▁replaced ▁Sw ind on ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁level ▁were ▁therefore ▁denied ▁promotion . ▁ ▁Third
▁Division ▁ ▁Sem i - fin als ▁First ▁leg ▁ ▁Second ▁leg ▁ ▁Tr an m ere ▁Ro vers ▁won ▁ 2 – 0 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁Not ts ▁County ▁won ▁ 3 – 1 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁Final ▁ ▁Fourth ▁Division ▁ ▁Sem i - fin als ▁First ▁leg ▁ ▁Second ▁leg ▁ ▁Che ster field ▁won ▁ 6 – 0 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁Cambridge ▁United ▁won ▁ 3 – 1 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁Final ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Football ▁League ▁website ▁ ▁Category : English ▁Football ▁League ▁play - offs ▁▁ ▁Category : May ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁sports ▁events ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom <0x0A> </s> ▁Ass oc ia zione ▁Sport iva ▁D ile tt ant ist ica ▁Lanc iot to ▁Camp i ▁Bis enz io ▁or ▁simply ▁Lanc iot to ▁is ▁an ▁Italian ▁association ▁football ▁club , ▁based ▁in ▁Camp i ▁Bis enz io , ▁T usc any . ▁It ▁currently ▁plays ▁in ▁Serie ▁D . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁club ▁was ▁founded ▁on ▁ 2 3 ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁after ▁the ▁mer ger ▁of ▁A . C . ▁Lanc iot to ▁( found ed ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 ▁and ▁so ▁named ▁in ▁memory ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁part isan ▁Lanc i ott to ▁B aller ini ) ▁and ▁A . S . ▁Camp i ▁Bis enz io ▁( found ed ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁as ▁A . C . ▁La ▁Villa ). ▁ ▁The ▁team ▁was ▁promoted ▁to
▁Serie ▁D ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 – 1 1 ▁season ▁after ▁an ▁as cent ▁started ▁in ▁Prom oz ione ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 – 1 0 ▁season . ▁ ▁Col ors ▁and ▁bad ge ▁ ▁The ▁team ' s ▁color ▁are ▁red , ▁yellow ▁and ▁blue . ▁ ▁Current ▁season ▁ ▁To ▁see ▁the ▁scores ▁of ▁the ▁current ▁season ▁click ▁here . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁Site ▁ ▁Category : Foot ball ▁clubs ▁in ▁Italy ▁Category : Foot ball ▁clubs ▁in ▁T usc any ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁clubs ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁Category : 2 0 0 5 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Italy <0x0A> </s> ▁Floren cio ▁T . ▁Mir af lo res ▁( born ▁July ▁ 1 , ▁ 1 9 5 1 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Filip ino ▁politician . ▁" Jo eben " ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁I b aj ay , ▁A kl an ▁to ▁parents ▁Dr . ▁Jose ▁Con lu ▁Mir af lo res ▁and ▁E use bia ▁T umb ocon . ▁He ▁is ▁married ▁to ▁Ma . ▁L our des ▁Vill an ueva ▁Martin . ▁He ▁graduated ▁val ed ict or ian ▁at ▁St . ▁C lement ' s ▁College , ▁I lo ilo ▁and ▁finished ▁Industrial ▁and ▁Management ▁Engineering ▁at ▁De ▁La ▁S alle ▁University . ▁He ▁was ▁mayor ▁of ▁I b aj ay ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 8 – 1 9 9 5 , ▁and ▁Governor ▁of ▁A kl an ▁from
▁ 1 9 9 5 - 2 0 0 4 ▁and ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁to ▁the ▁present . ▁ ▁A ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁K AMP I ▁party , ▁he ▁has ▁been ▁elected ▁to ▁two ▁terms ▁as ▁a ▁Member ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives , ▁representing ▁the ▁L one ▁District ▁of ▁A kl an . ▁First ▁elected ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁he ▁was ▁re - e lected ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁▁ ▁On ▁June ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁Mir af lo res ▁was ▁rushed ▁to ▁a ▁hospital ▁in ▁Kal ib o , ▁A kl an ▁after ▁complaining ▁of ▁chest ▁p ains ▁and ▁difficulty ▁in ▁breathing ; ▁initial ▁tests ▁indicated ▁that ▁his ▁heart beat ▁was ▁ir regular . ▁At ▁the ▁time ▁he ▁was ▁str icken ▁ill , ▁Mir af lo res ▁had ▁been ▁engaged ▁in ▁relief ▁operations ▁for ▁his ▁province , ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁devast ated ▁by ▁Ty ph oon ▁F eng s hen . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁▁ ▁He ▁voted ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁the ▁Const itutional ▁Assembly ▁which ▁was ▁strongly ▁opposed ▁by ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁population . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁. ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : G overn ors ▁of ▁A kl an ▁Category : K ab al ik at ▁ng ▁Mal ay ang ▁Pil ip ino ▁politicians ▁Category : L iber al ▁Party ▁( Phil ipp ines )
▁politicians ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines ▁from ▁A kl an ▁Category : May ors ▁of ▁places ▁in ▁A kl an ▁Category : L ak as – CMD ▁politicians ▁Category : People ▁from ▁A kl an ▁Category : De ▁La ▁S alle ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : PD P – L aban ▁politicians <0x0A> </s> ▁Ric ardo ▁Del g ado ▁is ▁a ▁film ▁and ▁comic ▁book ▁artist ▁who ▁has ▁worked ▁on ▁films ▁including ▁The ▁Inc red ibles , ▁Men ▁in ▁Black ▁and ▁A pol lo ▁ 1 3 . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁the ▁creator ▁of ▁the ▁Age ▁of ▁Re pt iles ▁comic ▁book ▁series , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁production ▁designers ▁of ▁Disney ' s ▁Atl ant is : ▁The ▁Lost ▁Empire . ▁Del g ado ▁is ▁of ▁Costa ▁R ican ▁descent ▁and ▁lives ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California . ▁ ▁He ▁has ▁produced ▁a ▁third ▁Age ▁of ▁Re pt iles ▁volume , ▁titled ▁" The ▁Jour ney ", ▁for ▁Dark ▁Horse ▁Com ics , ▁published ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁two ▁novels , ▁Sam ▁Spect er ▁and ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Sp ells , ▁a ▁children ' s ▁genre ▁story , ▁and ▁War head , ▁a ▁science ▁fiction ▁crime ▁story . ▁In ▁early ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁he ▁published ▁the ▁four ▁issue ▁sc i - fi ▁series ▁" H ier og lyph ". ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : American ▁cart oon ists ▁Category
: American ▁com ics ▁artists ▁Category : American ▁com ics ▁writers ▁Category : E is ner ▁Award ▁winners ▁for ▁Tal ent ▁Des erv ing ▁of ▁W ider ▁Rec ogn ition ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁people ▁of ▁Costa ▁R ican ▁descent ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Modern ▁Coast ▁Rangers ▁is ▁an ▁association ▁football ▁club ▁based ▁in ▁M omb asa , ▁Kenya . ▁The ▁club ▁currently ▁compet es ▁in ▁the ▁Ken yan ▁National ▁Super ▁League . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁club ▁named ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Mag ongo ▁Rangers ▁and ▁was ▁renamed ▁than ▁as ▁Modern ▁Coast ▁Rangers ▁F . C ., ▁after ▁Modern ▁Coast ▁Bus ▁Company ▁entered ▁the ▁spons orship . ▁ ▁Stadium ▁The ▁team ▁currently ▁plays ▁its ▁home ▁games ▁at ▁the ▁Ref inery ▁Ground s . ▁ ▁Performance ▁in ▁C AF ▁compet itions ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Modern ▁Coast ▁Rangers ▁profile ▁at ▁Soc cer V ista ▁ ▁Category : K en yan ▁National ▁Super ▁League ▁clubs ▁Category : F K F ▁Division ▁One ▁clubs ▁Category : Foot ball ▁clubs ▁in ▁Kenya <0x0A> </s> ▁Sc rob ip al pa ▁del ucc ae ▁is ▁a ▁m oth ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁G ele chi idae . ▁It ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁P ov ol ný ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 6 . ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁Leb anon ▁and ▁Syria . ▁Records ▁from ▁Mal ta ▁are ▁based ▁on ▁mis ident ifications . ▁ ▁The ▁fore w ings ▁are ▁light ▁brown ish ,
▁dens ely ▁spr ink led ▁with ▁black ish ▁scales . ▁The ▁hind w ings ▁are ▁dirty ▁wh it ish ▁to ▁grey . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Sc rob ip al pa ▁Category : M oth s ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁" Jack " ▁Cross land ▁( 2 ▁April ▁ 1 8 5 2 – ▁ 2 6 ▁September ▁ 1 9 0 3 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁professional ▁cr ick eter ▁who ▁played ▁first - class ▁cricket ▁between ▁ 1 8 7 8 ▁and ▁ 1 8 8 7 . ▁Cross land ▁was ▁recognised ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁fastest ▁bow lers ▁in ▁county ▁cricket , ▁but ▁critics ▁generally ▁believed ▁that ▁he ▁threw , ▁rather ▁than ▁bow led ▁the ▁ball , ▁a ▁practice ▁illegal ▁in ▁cricket . ▁Cont empor aries ▁suggest ▁that , ▁but ▁for ▁the ▁suspic ions ▁over ▁his ▁bow ling ▁action , ▁Cross land ▁would ▁have ▁played ▁Test ▁cricket ▁for ▁England . ▁ ▁Cross land ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Not ting ham shire , ▁but ▁qualified ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁County ▁Cr icket ▁Club ▁through ▁his ▁resid ency ▁there . ▁He ▁made ▁his ▁first - class ▁debut ▁for ▁his ▁adopted ▁county ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 8 ▁and ▁reached ▁his ▁peak ▁as ▁a ▁bow ler ▁between ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁and ▁ 1 8 8 4 . ▁His ▁most ▁effective ▁year ▁was ▁ 1 8 8 2 , ▁when ▁he ▁headed ▁the ▁national ▁bow ling ▁aver ages , ▁claiming ▁ 1
1 2 ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁just ▁over ▁ten ▁runs ▁per ▁w icket . ▁The ▁presence ▁of ▁Cross land ▁and ▁other ▁bow lers ▁with ▁suspect ▁actions ▁in ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁team ▁caused ▁some ▁count ies ▁to ▁refuse ▁fi xtures ▁against ▁them ▁during ▁the ▁mid - 1 8 8 0 s . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 5 , ▁a ▁ruling ▁from ▁the ▁Mary le bone ▁Cr icket ▁Club ▁( M CC ) ▁bar red ▁Cross land ▁from ▁playing ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁as ▁his ▁qual ification ▁for ▁the ▁county ▁had ▁technically ▁l apsed ▁when ▁he ▁lived ▁in ▁Not ting ham shire ▁outside ▁of ▁the ▁cricket ▁season . ▁The ▁ruling ▁forced ▁his ▁retirement ▁from ▁county ▁cricket , ▁although ▁he ▁sp or ad ically ▁played ▁other ▁first - class ▁matches ▁for ▁a ▁few ▁years . ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁right - arm ▁fast ▁bow ler , ▁Cross land ▁claimed ▁ 3 2 2 ▁w ickets ▁in ▁all ▁first - class ▁cricket ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 2 . 4 8 . ▁He ▁claimed ▁ten ▁or ▁more ▁w ickets ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁on ▁six ▁occasions . ▁Prim arily ▁a ▁tail - end ▁b ats man , ▁he ▁scored ▁ 1 , 1 7 2 ▁runs ▁with ▁a ▁top ▁score ▁of ▁ 5 1 . ▁ ▁Early ▁career ▁Cross land ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁S utton - in - A sh field ▁in ▁Not ting ham shire ▁on ▁ 2 ▁April ▁ 1 8 5 2 . ▁Em ployed ▁as ▁a ▁coal ▁miner , ▁he
▁was ▁one ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁Not ting ham shire - born ▁cr ick eters ▁who ▁sought ▁professional ▁contracts ▁in ▁Lanc ash ire . ▁The ▁Lanc ash ire ▁cricket ▁le agues ▁began ▁paying ▁the ▁best ▁players ▁to ▁appear ▁for ▁them , ▁creating ▁an ▁ex od us ▁of ▁cr ick eting ▁talent ▁to ▁the ▁county . ▁Cross land ▁first ▁gained ▁employment ▁as ▁a ▁professional ▁cr ick eter ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 6 , ▁with ▁En field ▁Cr icket ▁Club . ▁In ▁a ▁single ▁inn ings ▁match ▁against ▁Burn ley ▁that ▁season , ▁he ▁took ▁eight ▁w ickets ▁and ▁conced ed ▁ 8 8 ▁runs ▁( ab bre vi ated ▁as ▁" eight ▁for ▁ 8 8 "). ▁The ▁following ▁season ▁he ▁once ▁again ▁took ▁eight ▁w ickets ▁against ▁the ▁same ▁opposition , ▁finishing ▁with ▁figures ▁of ▁eight ▁for ▁ 5 0 . ▁Tow ards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 7 , ▁he ▁was ▁chosen ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁a ▁" G ent le men ▁and ▁Players ▁XI " ▁against ▁Burn ley ▁in ▁a ▁benefit ▁match ▁for ▁Burn ley ' s ▁professional ▁John ▁M elling . ▁He ▁took ▁five ▁for ▁ 1 0 ▁in ▁the ▁match ▁from ▁his ▁five ▁overs ▁to ▁help ▁his ▁side ▁win ▁on ▁first ▁inn ings . ▁In ▁early ▁ 1 8 7 8 , ▁Cross land ▁improved ▁upon ▁his ▁previous ▁efforts , ▁taking ▁eight ▁for ▁ 2 8 ▁against ▁Burn ley . ▁ ▁Lanc ash ire ▁professional ▁Cross land ' s ▁performances ▁for ▁En field ▁drew ▁the ▁attention ▁of
▁Lanc ash ire ▁County ▁Cr icket ▁Club , ▁for ▁whom ▁he ▁was ▁qualified ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁resid ency . ▁He ▁made ▁his ▁debut ▁against ▁York shire ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 8 7 8 . ▁He ▁was ▁not ▁required ▁to ▁bowl ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁inn ings , ▁and ▁after ▁scoring ▁one ▁run , ▁bow led ▁eight ▁overs ▁without ▁a ▁w icket ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁inn ings . ▁He ▁took ▁his ▁maid en ▁w icket ▁in ▁first - class ▁cricket ▁in ▁his ▁second ▁match , ▁against ▁Kent . ▁In ▁another ▁benefit ▁match ▁played ▁for ▁M elling , ▁Cross land ▁took ▁eight ▁for ▁ 6 0 ▁for ▁" B urn ley ▁District ▁XI " ▁against ▁Burn ley ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 8 7 8 . ▁His ▁first ▁match ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 9 ▁came ▁in ▁June , ▁when ▁he ▁claimed ▁four ▁for ▁ 2 6 ▁against ▁Der by shire ; ▁his ▁best ▁bow ling ▁that ▁season . ▁He ▁claimed ▁w ickets ▁consistently ▁through ▁the ▁season , ▁and ▁finished ▁with ▁fifteen ▁w ickets ▁from ▁his ▁seven ▁matches ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 4 . 5 3 . ▁He ▁only ▁played ▁three ▁times ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 , ▁taking ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁at ▁ 1 6 . 2 8 . ▁He ▁bow led ▁with ▁little ▁effect ▁in ▁most ▁of ▁ 1 8 8 1 , ▁but ▁took ▁ten ▁w ickets ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁against ▁Sur rey ▁at ▁the ▁O val . ▁Ac ross ▁his ▁other
▁six ▁matches ▁that ▁year , ▁he ▁only ▁claimed ▁three ▁further ▁w ickets , ▁and ▁completed ▁the ▁season ▁with ▁thirteen ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 7 . 1 5 . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁season ▁was ▁Cross land ' s ▁best ; ▁though ▁he ▁started ▁with ▁a ▁w icket - less ▁match ▁against ▁the ▁Mary le bone ▁Cr icket ▁Club . ▁He ▁took ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁against ▁the ▁tour ing ▁Austral ians ▁in ▁early ▁June , ▁while ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁match , ▁against ▁Som erset , ▁he ▁took ▁six ▁for ▁ 7 ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁inn ings , ▁to ▁help ▁Lanc ash ire ▁to ▁an ▁inn ings ▁victory . ▁He ▁took ▁five ▁w ickets ▁in ▁an ▁inn ings ▁on ▁ten ▁occasions ▁during ▁the ▁season , ▁including ▁twice ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁against ▁M idd les ex , ▁to ▁claim ▁ten ▁w ickets ▁in ▁the ▁match . ▁Play ing ▁a ▁match ▁for ▁Liverpool ▁and ▁District ▁against ▁the ▁tour ing ▁Austral ians , ▁he ▁took ▁his ▁best ▁bow ling ▁figures ▁in ▁an ▁inn ings ▁that ▁season , ▁claiming ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁for ▁ 7 2 . ▁Cross land ▁took ▁a ▁pair ▁of ▁five - wick et ▁haul s ▁against ▁Sur rey ▁in ▁late ▁August ▁to ▁finish ▁with ▁eleven ▁w ickets ▁in ▁the ▁match . ▁His ▁final ▁match ▁of ▁the ▁season ▁was ▁a ▁further ▁fixture ▁against ▁the ▁Austral ians , ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁took ▁eight ▁w ickets ▁in ▁the ▁match ▁for ▁the ▁North . ▁In ▁all , ▁Cross land ▁took ▁ 1 1
2 ▁first - class ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 0 . 0 6 ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 , ▁to pping ▁the ▁national ▁bow ling ▁aver ages . ▁Lanc ash ire ▁were ▁recognised ▁by ▁some ▁publications ▁as ▁being ▁champion ▁county , ▁or ▁more ▁commonly ▁as ▁joint ▁champions ▁with ▁Not ting ham shire ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 , ▁and ▁in ▁addition ▁to ▁Cross land , ▁Lanc ash ire ' s ▁George ▁Nash , ▁Dick ▁B arl ow ▁and ▁Alexander ▁Watson ▁took ▁fifty ▁or ▁more ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁under ▁thirteen . ▁ ▁Throw ing ▁controvers ies ▁ ▁Cross land ' s ▁delivery ▁was ▁the ▁cause ▁for ▁much ▁discussion ▁throughout ▁his ▁most ▁successful ▁year ▁of ▁ 1 8 8 2 , ▁but ▁despite ▁a ▁commonly ▁held ▁view ▁that ▁he ▁threw ▁the ▁ball , ▁u mp ires ▁never ▁called ▁a ▁no - ball ▁against ▁him ▁for ▁throwing ▁in ▁first - class ▁matches . ▁His ▁bow ling ▁action ▁during ▁the ▁match ▁against ▁Sur rey ▁at ▁the ▁O val ▁was ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁significant ▁complaints ▁from ▁the ▁crowd , ▁who ▁accused ▁him ▁of ▁throwing . ▁During ▁his ▁bow ling ▁spell , ▁he ▁was ▁he ck led ▁by ▁the ▁crowd , ▁with ▁sh outs ▁of ▁" well - th rown " ▁and ▁" take ▁him ▁off ", ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁later ▁surrounded ▁by ▁Sur rey ▁supporters ▁when ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁changing ▁rooms . ▁The ▁Times ▁addressed ▁the ▁issue ▁in ▁their ▁match ▁report , ▁with ▁a ▁reminder ▁that ▁the ▁u mp
ires ▁are ▁the ▁" jud ges ▁of ▁fair ▁or ▁unfair ▁play ", ▁while ▁the ▁g ossip ▁column ist ▁in ▁Cr icket : ▁A ▁Week ly ▁Record ▁of ▁the ▁Game ▁suggested ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁" very ▁obvious ▁and ▁frequent ▁inf ring ement ▁of ▁the ▁laws ▁defining ▁bow ling ", ▁and ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁clear ▁that ▁u mp ires ▁lack ed ▁the ▁expertise ▁and ▁the ▁bra very ▁to ▁no - ball ▁a ▁bow ler . ▁ ▁A ▁week ▁after ▁the ▁match ▁against ▁Sur rey , ▁the ▁only ▁Test ▁match ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ' s ▁tour ▁was ▁played , ▁also ▁at ▁the ▁O val . ▁In ▁his ▁ob it uary ▁in ▁Wis den ▁Cr ick eters ' ▁Al man ack , ▁it ▁was ▁suggested ▁that ▁were ▁it ▁not ▁for ▁the ▁accus ations ▁of ▁throwing ▁against ▁Cross land , ▁he ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁selected ▁for ▁the ▁match . ▁Cr icket ▁agreed , ▁subm itting ▁that ▁due ▁to ▁Fred ▁Mor ley ' s ▁absence ▁from ▁the ▁England ▁team ▁due ▁to ▁injury , ▁Cross land ▁was ▁the ▁obvious ▁choice ▁to ▁replace ▁him , ▁as ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁best ▁fast ▁bow ler ▁in ▁the ▁country . ▁Despite ▁this , ▁they ▁said ▁that ▁his ▁non - selection ▁showed ▁that ▁his ▁action ▁was ▁not ▁deemed ▁fair ▁by ▁the ▁selection ▁panel . ▁The ▁Morning ▁Post ▁went ▁a ▁step ▁further , ▁and ▁claimed ▁that ▁as ▁Cross land ▁had ▁demonstrated ▁he ▁was ▁England ' s ▁best ▁fast ▁bow ler , ▁he ▁should ▁be ▁selected ▁to ▁play ▁in ▁the ▁Test ▁match ▁if ▁his ▁action ▁was ▁deemed
▁fair , ▁but ▁that ▁if ▁it ▁was ▁not ▁considered ▁fair , ▁he ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁allowed ▁to ▁continue ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁either . ▁An ▁article ▁written ▁for ▁The ▁Arg us , ▁a ▁Melbourne - based ▁daily ▁newspaper , ▁by ▁an ▁un named ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁side ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁reported ▁that ▁Cross land ▁bow led ; ▁" with ▁a ▁delivery ▁so ▁like ▁a ▁throw ▁that ▁I ▁feel ▁sure ▁it ▁would ▁not ▁be ▁allowed ▁in ▁Australia ; ▁but , ▁as ▁we ▁all ▁know , ▁throwing ▁in ▁England ▁is ▁just ▁as ▁common ▁as ▁bow ling ▁– ▁more ' s ▁the ▁pity ", ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁the ▁Australian ▁team ▁would ▁have ▁protest ed ▁had ▁Cross land ▁been ▁chosen ▁for ▁the ▁Test ▁match . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁M idd les ex ▁refused ▁to ▁arrange ▁matches ▁with ▁Lanc ash ire ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁perceived ▁unfair ▁bow ling ▁of ▁Cross land ▁and ▁some ▁of ▁his ▁team mates . ▁Not ting ham shire ▁had ▁their ▁own ▁complaints , ▁and ▁protest ed ▁to ▁the ▁M CC ▁regarding ▁Cross land ' s ▁residential ▁qual ification ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire . ▁During ▁the ▁previous ▁season , ▁a ▁letter ▁had ▁been ▁written ▁to ▁Cr icket ▁magazine ▁suggesting ▁that ▁Cross land ' s ▁qual ification ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁was ▁invalid , ▁as ▁they ▁claimed ▁that ▁although ▁he ▁was ▁engaged ▁on ▁the ▁Old ▁Tra ff ord ▁ground ▁staff ▁for ▁the ▁summer , ▁he ▁continued ▁to ▁res ide ▁in
▁S utton - in - A sh field ▁during ▁the ▁winter . ▁Cross land ▁was ▁summon ed ▁to ▁Lord ' s ▁over ▁the ▁matter , ▁but ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁committee ▁refused ▁to ▁send ▁him , ▁stating ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁playing ▁for ▁them ▁that ▁day . ▁The ▁protest ▁was ▁eventually ▁dismissed , ▁though ▁the ▁M CC ▁noted ▁that ▁" it ▁would ▁be ▁of ▁value ▁... ▁to ▁have ▁the ▁evidence ▁on ▁both ▁sides ▁for ▁future ▁reference ." ▁Ne ut ral ▁u mp ires ▁were ▁introduced ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁and ▁there ▁was ▁some ▁concern ▁in ▁Lanc ash ire ▁about ▁whether ▁Cross land ▁would ▁be ▁no - ball ed ▁during ▁the ▁first ▁match ▁of ▁the ▁year . ▁The ▁match ▁against ▁Der by shire ▁featured ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁highly - reg arded ▁u mp ires , ▁Thomas ▁Brown hill ▁from ▁York shire , ▁and ▁Cross land ▁bow led ▁without ▁c ensure . ▁In ▁June ▁that ▁season , ▁Cross land ▁trav elled ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁team ▁to ▁Lord ' s , ▁to ▁play ▁against ▁the ▁Mary le bone ▁Cr icket ▁Club . ▁The ▁u mp ires ▁for ▁the ▁match ▁had ▁been ▁advised ▁to ▁be ▁strict ▁in ▁applying ▁the ▁law ▁on ▁throwing , ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁noted ▁in ▁the ▁press ▁that ▁Cross land ▁had ▁modified ▁his ▁bow ling ▁action , ▁and ▁no ▁complaints ▁could ▁be ▁made ▁against ▁it . ▁The ▁Daily ▁News ▁did ▁suggest ▁that ▁" if ▁[ Cross land ] ▁always ▁bow led ▁as ▁he ▁bow led ▁yesterday ▁there
▁would ▁be ▁no ▁disput es ▁about ▁him — and ▁he ▁would ▁not ▁get ▁many ▁w ickets ." ▁ ▁He ▁generally ▁continued ▁to ▁bowl ▁effectively ▁during ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁and ▁pe aked ▁towards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁season , ▁claiming ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁in ▁an ▁inn ings ▁against ▁" The ▁Rest " ▁while ▁playing ▁for ▁a ▁combined ▁Lanc ash ire ▁and ▁York shire ▁side , ▁another ▁seven ▁in ▁an ▁inn ings ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁against ▁Sur rey , ▁and ▁the ▁best ▁bow ling ▁figures ▁of ▁his ▁career , ▁eight ▁for ▁ 5 7 ▁for ▁the ▁North ▁against ▁the ▁South . ▁During ▁the ▁match ▁against ▁Sur rey , ▁the ▁complaints ▁from ▁the ▁crowd ▁were ▁again ▁strong , ▁and ▁such ▁were ▁the ▁ve hem ence ▁of ▁the ▁protests , ▁they ▁almost ▁drew ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁captain , ▁A . ▁N . ▁Horn by ▁to ▁refuse ▁to ▁complete ▁the ▁match . ▁Crow d ▁protests ▁were ▁also ▁made ▁at ▁Cl if ton ▁where ▁Lanc ash ire ▁faced ▁Gl ou cester shire , ▁but ▁W . ▁G . ▁Grace , ▁who ▁was ▁batt ing ▁at ▁the ▁time , ▁warned ▁the ▁crowd ▁to ▁stop , ▁or ▁he ▁would ▁close ▁the ▁ground . ▁In ▁an ▁end ▁of ▁season ▁match ▁for ▁Dick ▁B arl ow ' s ▁XI ▁against ▁Tom ▁Em met t ' s ▁XI ; ▁he ▁scored ▁his ▁highest ▁first - class ▁score ▁with ▁the ▁bat , ▁reaching ▁ 5 1 ▁runs ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁inn ings . ▁He ▁took ▁ 7 2 ▁w ickets
▁in ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 2 . 9 7 , ▁placing ▁him ▁third ▁in ▁the ▁national ▁bow ling ▁aver ages . ▁Lanc ash ire ' s ▁policy ▁of ▁recru iting ▁professional ▁bow lers ▁without ▁much ▁regard ▁for ▁their ▁qual ification ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁the ▁county ▁caused ▁some ▁bad - fe eling ▁with ▁other ▁count ies , ▁most ▁notably ▁Cross land ' s ▁native ▁Not ting ham shire . ▁The ▁b ick ering ▁between ▁the ▁count ies ▁escal ated ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁after ▁receiving ▁a ▁provoc ative ▁Christmas ▁card ▁from ▁Lanc ash ire , ▁the ▁Not ting ham shire ▁committee ▁sent ▁an ▁aggressive ▁response : ▁L AN C ASH I RE ▁CO UN TY ▁CR ICK ET . ▁The ▁only ▁rules ▁necessary ▁for ▁players ▁in ▁the ▁County ▁Ele ven ▁are ▁that ▁they ▁shall ▁neither ▁have ▁been ▁born ▁in , ▁nor ▁res ide ▁in , ▁Lanc ash ire . ▁S utton - in - A sh field ▁men ▁will ▁have ▁the ▁preference . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁season , ▁a ▁meeting ▁of ▁county ▁representatives ▁at ▁Lord ' s ▁was ▁held , ▁during ▁which ▁a ▁proposal ▁was ▁made ▁" that ▁the ▁under ment ioned ▁count ies ▁agree ▁among ▁themselves ▁not ▁to ▁employ ▁any ▁bow ler ▁whose ▁action ▁is ▁at ▁all ▁doubt ful ." ▁The ▁proposal ▁was ▁essentially ▁a ▁gentle men ' s ▁agreement ▁to ▁try ▁and ▁prevent ▁unfair ▁bow ling , ▁necess itated ▁by ▁the ▁u mp
ires ' ▁ref usal ▁to ▁interven e . ▁The ▁resolution ▁was ▁signed ▁by ▁representatives ▁from ▁Der by shire , ▁Kent , ▁M idd les ex , ▁Not ting ham shire , ▁Sur rey ▁and ▁York shire , ▁but ▁those ▁from ▁Gl ou cester shire ▁and ▁Sus sex ▁refused ▁to ▁sign ▁it , ▁along ▁with ▁Alexander ▁Row ley ▁from ▁Lanc ash ire . ▁During ▁the ▁meeting , ▁Horn by ▁def ended ▁Cross land ' s ▁action , ▁saying ▁that ▁" he ▁had ▁never ▁seen ▁Cross land ▁bowl ▁otherwise ▁than ▁fairly ." ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁M idd les ex ▁were ▁joined ▁by ▁Not ting ham shire ▁and ▁Cambridge ▁University ▁in ▁boy c ot ting ▁Lanc ash ire ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 . ▁Cross land ▁was ▁strong ▁again , ▁and ▁claimed ▁ten ▁w ickets ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁on ▁three ▁occasions , ▁first ▁against ▁Oxford ▁University ▁in ▁late ▁May – ear ly ▁June . ▁In ▁his ▁next ▁match , ▁for ▁the ▁North ▁against ▁the ▁South , ▁he ▁claimed ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁in ▁each ▁inn ings ▁to ▁record ▁match ▁figures ▁of ▁fourteen ▁for ▁ 8 0 . ▁The ▁crowd ▁at ▁Lord ' s ▁followed ▁the ▁example ▁previously ▁set ▁at ▁the ▁O val , ▁he ck ling ▁Cross land ▁throughout ▁the ▁match . ▁He ▁collected ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁in ▁an ▁inn ings ▁again , ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁not ▁classified ▁as ▁first - class ▁against ▁Le ices ter shire , ▁and ▁completed ▁the ▁ten - wick et ▁haul ▁with ▁four ▁w ickets ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁inn ings
. ▁He ▁faced ▁the ▁tour ing ▁Austral ians ▁twice ▁during ▁June , ▁taking ▁two ▁w ickets ▁for ▁the ▁North , ▁before ▁collecting ▁eleven ▁w ickets ▁for ▁Liverpool ▁and ▁District . ▁The ▁report ▁in ▁The ▁Arg us ▁once ▁again ▁vil ified ▁Cross land , ▁writing ▁that ▁" owing ▁princip ally ▁to ▁the ▁successful ▁throwing ▁of ▁Cross land " ▁the ▁Australian ▁first ▁inn ings ▁closed ▁for ▁ 1 4 0 . ▁ ▁Cross land ▁was ▁named ▁in ▁the ▁initial ▁twelve - man ▁squad ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁Test ▁against ▁Australia , ▁which ▁was ▁played ▁at ▁Lanc ash ire ' s ▁Old ▁Tra ff ord ▁ground . ▁An ▁official ▁from ▁the ▁home ▁ground ▁chose ▁the ▁England ▁team ▁for ▁each ▁match . ▁Lord ▁Harris ▁announced ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁not ▁participate ▁in ▁the ▁Test ▁at ▁Old ▁Tra ff ord ▁if ▁Cross land ▁was ▁selected . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁Lord ▁Harris ▁was ▁withd rawn ▁from ▁the ▁team ▁and ▁replaced ▁by ▁Tim ▁O ' B rien , ▁although ▁in ▁the ▁end ▁Cross land ▁did ▁not ▁play ▁either . ▁Lord ▁Harris , ▁who ▁was ▁both ▁the ▁captain ▁of ▁Kent ▁and ▁England ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 , ▁led ▁the ▁protests ▁against ▁throwing . ▁He ▁forced ▁the ▁retirement ▁of ▁two ▁of ▁Kent ' s ▁bow lers , ▁but ▁was ▁reasonably ▁satisfied ▁with ▁Lanc ash ire ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 : ▁for ▁their ▁match ▁against ▁Kent ▁at ▁Old ▁Tra ff ord , ▁they ▁dropped ▁Nash , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁meeting ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁sides ▁in ▁August ▁that ▁year , ▁neither
▁Cross land ▁nor ▁Nash ▁were ▁in ▁the ▁side . ▁Lord ▁Harris ▁had ▁hoped ▁that ▁this ▁indicated ▁that ▁Lanc ash ire ▁were ▁making ▁efforts ▁to ▁" of ▁[ the ir ] ▁own ▁free ▁will , ▁and ▁without ▁agreement ▁with ▁other ▁count ies , ▁to ▁place ▁[ the ir ] ▁eleven ▁in ▁an ▁irre pro ach able ▁position ", ▁though ▁Lanc ash ire ▁later ▁clar ified ▁that ▁Cross land ▁had ▁only ▁missed ▁the ▁match ▁as ▁he ▁was ▁suffering ▁from ▁a ▁shoulder ▁injury ; ▁while ▁Nash ' s ▁bow ling ▁was ▁not ▁suited ▁to ▁the ▁hard ▁pit ches ▁those ▁matches ▁were ▁played ▁on . ▁Crow d ▁protests ▁against ▁Cross land ▁spread ; ▁there ▁was ▁trouble ▁during ▁matches ▁at ▁both ▁York shire ▁and ▁Der by shire ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 . ▁Tow ards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁that ▁season , ▁the ▁London ▁Truth ▁reported ▁that ▁during ▁a ▁club ▁match ▁in ▁his ▁home ▁town ▁of ▁S utton - in - A sh field , ▁Cross land ▁was ▁no - ball ed ▁by ▁an ▁u mp ire ▁on ▁account ▁of ▁throwing . ▁Upon ▁this , ▁Cross land ▁demanded ▁the ▁u mp ire ▁retire ▁from ▁the ▁match , ▁and ▁when ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁captain ▁refused , ▁the ▁match ▁was ▁abandoned . ▁Cross land ▁then ▁announced , ▁via ▁the ▁town ▁c rier , ▁that ▁his ▁bow ling ▁would ▁" pass ▁un question ed " ▁in ▁his ▁next ▁county ▁match . ▁ ▁Term ination ▁of ▁county ▁cricket ▁career ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 5 ▁Lanc ash ire ▁once ▁again ▁were ▁unable
▁to ▁face ▁either ▁M idd les ex ▁or ▁Not ting ham shire ▁as ▁the ▁two ▁sides ▁maintained ▁their ▁boy cott . ▁Cross land ▁was ▁chosen ▁to ▁appear ▁for ▁Charles ▁Thor nt on ' s ▁England ▁XI ▁against ▁Cambridge ▁University , ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁took ▁seven ▁w ickets ▁for ▁ 1 1 7 . ▁In ▁late ▁May , ▁he ▁took ▁four ▁for ▁ 5 2 ▁and ▁three ▁for ▁ 5 1 ▁against ▁Kent ▁at ▁Old ▁Tra ff ord . ▁When ▁Lord ▁Harris ▁was ▁clean ▁bow led ▁by ▁Cross land , ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁crowd ▁" se emed ▁fairly ▁beside ▁themselves ▁with ▁delight . ▁H ats ▁and ▁co ats ▁were ▁thrown ▁up " ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Manchester ▁Guard ian , ▁which ▁also ▁observed ▁that ▁some ▁felt ▁Cross land ▁had ▁achieved ▁his ▁revenge ▁against ▁Lord ▁Harris . ▁After ▁the ▁match , ▁Lord ▁Harris , ▁unhappy ▁with ▁the ▁return ▁of ▁Cross land ▁and ▁Nash ▁to ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁side , ▁requested ▁that ▁the ▁Kent ▁committee ▁cancel ▁the ▁home ▁fixture ▁against ▁Lanc ash ire . ▁The ▁committee ▁agreed ▁with ▁his ▁argument , ▁and ▁Kent ▁became ▁the ▁third ▁first - class ▁county ▁to ▁refuse ▁to ▁play ▁against ▁Lanc ash ire . ▁Cross land ▁only ▁played ▁six ▁matches ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 5 ▁before , ▁acting ▁upon ▁ob jections ▁raised ▁by ▁Not ting ham shire ▁County ▁Cr icket ▁Club , ▁the ▁Mary le bone ▁Cr icket ▁Club ▁ruled ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁bre ached ▁his ▁resid ency ▁qual ification ▁by ▁returning ▁to ▁live ▁in
▁S utton - in - A sh field ▁during ▁the ▁winter ▁period . ▁Due ▁to ▁this , ▁he ▁was ▁not ▁allowed ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁Lanc ash ire , ▁effectively ▁ending ▁his ▁first - class ▁career . ▁Nash ▁retired ▁from ▁county ▁cricket ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 8 8 5 ▁due ▁to ▁critic isms ▁about ▁his ▁own ▁action , ▁and ▁fi xtures ▁between ▁Lanc ash ire ▁and ▁M idd les ex , ▁Not ting ham shire ▁and ▁Kent ▁res umed ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 6 . ▁Cross land ▁played ▁two ▁further ▁first - class ▁matches , ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 6 ▁and ▁ 1 8 8 7 , ▁both ▁for ▁Charles ▁Thor nt on ' s ▁XI ▁against ▁Cambridge ▁University . ▁ ▁Later ▁life ▁and ▁career ▁Cross land ▁remained ▁in ▁Lanc ash ire ▁after ▁his ▁exp ulsion ▁from ▁their ▁county ▁side , ▁playing ▁for ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁club ▁sides ; ▁East ▁Lanc ash ire ▁from ▁ 1 8 8 5 ▁to ▁ 1 8 8 9 , ▁Church ▁and ▁O sw ald tw ist le ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 0 ▁and ▁Col ne ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 1 . ▁He ▁also ▁worked ▁in ▁a ▁coal ▁pit ▁at ▁Clay ton - le - Mo ors . ▁He ▁died ▁on ▁ 2 6 ▁September ▁ 1 9 0 3 ▁in ▁Black burn . ▁His ▁bur ial ▁was ▁paid ▁for ▁by ▁Lanc ash ire ▁County ▁Cr icket ▁Club . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁style ▁and ▁legacy ▁At ▁his ▁peak ▁in ▁ 1 8
8 2 , ▁Cross land ▁was ▁considered ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁fastest ▁bow lers ▁in ▁England , ▁and ▁his ▁y ork er ▁was ▁described ▁as ▁W . ▁G . ▁Grace ▁as ▁being ▁" ex ceed ingly ▁difficult ▁to ▁play ." ▁In ▁his ▁Wis den ▁ob it uary , ▁it ▁was ▁reported ▁that ▁" the ▁majority ▁of ▁experts ▁having ▁no ▁hes itation ▁in ▁describing ▁him ▁as ▁a ▁rank ▁throw er ." ▁Grace ▁was ▁scarc ely ▁kind er , ▁noting ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁" incl ined ▁to ▁think ▁that ▁he ▁ought ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁no - ball ed ▁in ▁every ▁over ." ▁Despite ▁the ▁widespread ▁opinion ▁against ▁his ▁action , ▁the ▁u mp ires , ▁themselves ▁professional , ▁were ▁reluct ant ▁to ▁no - ball ▁him . ▁There ▁was ▁a ▁feeling ▁in ▁the ▁press ▁that ▁the ▁biggest ▁fault ▁lay ▁with ▁the ▁cricket ▁authorities ; ▁both ▁the ▁u mp ires ▁and ▁the ▁M CC ; ▁The ▁Daily ▁News , ▁echo ed ▁by ▁Cr icket ▁magazine , ▁said ▁that ▁" no ▁blame ▁can ▁possibly ▁attach ▁to ▁a ▁bow ler ▁who ▁continues ▁a ▁delivery ▁which ▁is ▁habit ual ▁with ▁him ▁... ▁when ▁the ▁proper ▁authorities ▁decline ▁[ to ▁sign ify ] ▁their ▁dis appro val ▁of ▁it ." ▁As ▁a ▁b ats man , ▁he ▁was ▁an ▁aggressive ▁tail - ender , ▁while ▁he ▁was ▁considered ▁a ▁good ▁f iel der ▁with ▁a ▁long ▁throw . ▁In ▁all ▁first - class ▁matches , ▁Cross land ▁claimed ▁ 3 2 2 ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 0
. 9 5 . ▁He ▁took ▁ten ▁w ickets ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁on ▁six ▁occasions , ▁and ▁five ▁w ickets ▁in ▁an ▁inn ings ▁ 2 5 ▁times . ▁He ▁scored ▁ 1 , 1 7 2 ▁runs ▁with ▁a ▁high ▁score ▁of ▁ 5 1 . ▁Throw ing ▁in ▁cricket ▁came ▁to ▁a ▁head ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁twentieth ▁century ▁when ▁the ▁careers ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁professional ▁bow lers ▁came ▁to ▁a ▁close , ▁most ▁notably ▁those ▁of ▁Lanc ash ire ' s ▁Arthur ▁M old , ▁Som erset ' s ▁Ted ▁Tyler ▁and ▁Le ices ter shire ' s ▁Freder ic ▁Ge es on . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 5 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 0 3 ▁deaths ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁S utton - in - A sh field ▁Category : English ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : L anc ash ire ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : L iver pool ▁and ▁District ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : N orth ▁v ▁South ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : C . ▁I . ▁Thor nt on ' s ▁XI ▁cr ick eters <0x0A> </s> ▁Bar uch ▁ben ▁N eria h ▁( H eb rew : ▁ ב ר ו ך ▁ ב ן ▁ נ ר י ה ▁B ā r ū <0xE1> <0xB8> <0xB5> ▁ben ▁N ê r î y ā h , ▁"' B less ed ' ▁( B ā r ū <0xE1> <0xB8> <0xB5> ),
▁son ▁( ben ) ▁of ▁' My ▁Cand le ▁is ▁Jah ' ▁( N ê r î y ā h ) "; ▁c . ▁ 6 th ▁century ▁BC ) ▁was ▁the ▁sc ribe , ▁disc iple , ▁secretary , ▁and ▁devoted ▁friend ▁of ▁the ▁B iblical ▁prop het ▁Jer em iah . ▁He ▁is ▁tradition ally ▁cred ited ▁with ▁author ing ▁the ▁de uter oc an onical ▁Book ▁of ▁Bar uch . ▁ ▁Life ▁According ▁to ▁Joseph us , ▁Bar uch ▁was ▁a ▁Jewish ▁arist ocr at , ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁N eria h ▁and ▁brother ▁of ▁S era iah ▁ben ▁N eria h , ▁chamber l ain ▁of ▁King ▁Z ed ek iah ▁of ▁Jud ah . ▁ ▁Bar uch ▁became ▁the ▁sc ribe ▁of ▁the ▁prop het ▁Jer em iah ▁and ▁wrote ▁down ▁the ▁first ▁and ▁second ▁ed itions ▁of ▁his ▁prop he cies ▁as ▁they ▁were ▁dict ated ▁to ▁him . ▁Bar uch ▁remained ▁true ▁to ▁the ▁teach ings ▁and ▁ide als ▁of ▁the ▁great ▁prop het , ▁although ▁like ▁his ▁master ▁he ▁was ▁at ▁times ▁almost ▁overwhelmed ▁with ▁des pond ency . ▁While ▁Jer em iah ▁was ▁in ▁hiding ▁to ▁avoid ▁the ▁wr ath ▁of ▁King ▁Je ho ak im , ▁he ▁commanded ▁Bar uch ▁to ▁read ▁his ▁prop he cies ▁of ▁warning ▁to ▁the ▁people ▁gathered ▁in ▁the ▁Temple ▁in ▁Jerusalem ▁on ▁a ▁day ▁of ▁fast ing . ▁The ▁task ▁was ▁both ▁difficult ▁and ▁dangerous , ▁but ▁Bar uch ▁performed ▁it ▁without ▁fl in ching ▁and ▁it
▁was ▁probably ▁on ▁this ▁occasion ▁that ▁the ▁prop het ▁gave ▁him ▁the ▁personal ▁message . ▁ ▁Both ▁Bar uch ▁and ▁Jer em iah ▁witnessed ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁sie ge ▁of ▁Jerusalem ▁of ▁ 5 8 7 – 5 8 6 ▁BC . ▁In ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁the ▁sie ge ▁of ▁Jerusalem , ▁Jer em iah ▁purchased ▁an ▁estate ▁in ▁An ath oth ▁on ▁which ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁arm ies ▁had ▁enc amped ▁( as ▁a ▁symbol ▁of ▁faith ▁in ▁the ▁event ual ▁restoration ▁of ▁Jerusalem ), ▁and , ▁according ▁to ▁Joseph us , ▁Bar uch ▁continued ▁to ▁res ide ▁with ▁him ▁at ▁M iz p ah . ▁ ▁Report edly , ▁Bar uch ▁had ▁influence ▁on ▁Jer em iah ; ▁on ▁his ▁advice ▁Jer em iah ▁urged ▁the ▁Israel ites ▁to ▁remain ▁in ▁Jud ah ▁after ▁the ▁murder ▁of ▁G ed al iah . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁carried ▁with ▁Jer em iah ▁to ▁Egypt , ▁where , ▁according ▁to ▁a ▁tradition ▁preserved ▁by ▁Jer ome , ▁he ▁soon ▁died . ▁ ▁Two ▁other ▁traditions ▁state ▁that ▁he ▁later ▁went , ▁or ▁was ▁carried , ▁to ▁Bab ylon ▁by ▁Neb uch ad ne zz ar ▁II ▁after ▁the ▁latter ' s ▁con quest ▁of ▁Egypt . ▁ ▁Bar uch ' s ▁prom in ence , ▁by ▁reason ▁of ▁his ▁intimate ▁association ▁with ▁Jer em iah , ▁led ▁later ▁generations ▁to ▁ex alt ▁his ▁reputation ▁still ▁further . ▁To ▁him ▁were ▁attributed ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Bar uch ▁and ▁two ▁other ▁Jewish ▁books .
▁ ▁Histor icity ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁a ▁clay ▁bull a ▁pur port edly ▁containing ▁Bar uch ' s ▁seal ▁and ▁name ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁ant iqu ities ▁market . ▁Its ▁purch aser , ▁a ▁prominent ▁Israeli ▁col lector , ▁permitted ▁Israeli ▁archae ologist ▁Nah man ▁Av ig ad ▁to ▁publish ▁the ▁bull a . ▁Although ▁its ▁source ▁is ▁not ▁definit ively ▁known , ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁identified ▁as ▁coming ▁from ▁the ▁" bur nt ▁house " ▁exc av ated ▁by ▁Y ig al ▁Sh il oh . ▁The ▁bull a ▁is ▁now ▁in ▁the ▁Israel ▁Museum . ▁It ▁measures ▁ 1 7 ▁by ▁ 1 6 mm , ▁and ▁is ▁st amped ▁with ▁an ▁o val ▁seal , ▁ 1 3 ▁by ▁ 1 1 mm . ▁The ▁in scription , ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁ancient ▁He brew ▁al phabet , ▁reads : ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁a ▁second ▁clay ▁bull a ▁emerged ▁with ▁an ▁identical ▁in scription ; ▁presumably ▁st amped ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁seal . ▁This ▁bull a ▁also ▁was ▁im print ed ▁with ▁a ▁finger print ; ▁H ers hel ▁Sh anks , ▁among ▁others , ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁the ▁finger print ▁might ▁be ▁that ▁of ▁Bar uch ▁himself ; ▁the ▁authentic ity ▁of ▁these ▁bull ae ▁however ▁has ▁been ▁disput ed . ib id . ▁ ▁Sch ol arly ▁theories ▁In ▁the ▁second ▁edition ▁of ▁Richard ▁Ell i ott ▁Fried man ' s ▁book ▁Who ▁W rote ▁the ▁Bible
?, ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁def ended ▁the ▁documentary ▁hypothesis , ▁he ▁put ▁forth ▁the ▁claim ▁that ▁the ▁De uter onom ist , ▁who ▁is ▁generally ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁either ▁written ▁or ▁edited ▁the ▁books ▁from ▁De uter onomy ▁to ▁II ▁Kings , ▁was ▁Bar uch ▁ben ▁N eria h . ▁He ▁def ended ▁this ▁assert ion ▁by ▁comparing ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁different ▁phrases ▁in ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Jer em iah ▁with ▁phrases ▁in ▁other ▁books . ▁Some ▁reject ▁this ▁claim ▁on ▁the ▁grounds ▁that ▁it ▁goes ▁beyond ▁the ▁evidence . ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁traditions ▁ ▁Rab bin ical ▁literature ▁ ▁The ▁r abb is ▁described ▁Bar uch ▁as ▁a ▁faithful ▁helper ▁and ▁blood - relative ▁of ▁Jer em iah . ▁According ▁to ▁rab bin ic ▁literature , ▁both ▁Bar uch ▁and ▁Jer em iah , ▁being ▁k oh anim ▁and ▁descend ants ▁of ▁the ▁pros ely te ▁Rah ab , ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁hum ili ating ▁example ▁to ▁their ▁contempor aries , ▁in asm uch ▁as ▁they ▁belong ▁to ▁the ▁few ▁who ▁h ark ened ▁to ▁the ▁word ▁of ▁God . ▁A ▁Mid r ash ▁in ▁the ▁S if re ▁regarded ▁Bar uch ▁as ▁identical ▁with ▁the ▁Eth iop ian ▁E bed - me le ch , ▁who ▁resc ued ▁Jer em iah ▁from ▁the ▁dun geon ; ▁and ▁states ▁that ▁he ▁received ▁his ▁app ell ation ▁Bar uch ▁(" bl essed ") ▁because ▁of ▁his ▁p iety , ▁which ▁contrast ed ▁with ▁the ▁loose ▁life ▁of ▁the ▁court , ▁as ▁the ▁skin
▁of ▁an ▁Eth iop ian ▁contrast s ▁with ▁that ▁of ▁a ▁white ▁person . ▁According ▁to ▁a ▁Sy ri ac ▁account , ▁because ▁his ▁p iety ▁might ▁have ▁prevented ▁the ▁destruction ▁of ▁the ▁Temple , ▁God ▁commanded ▁him ▁to ▁leave ▁Jerusalem ▁before ▁the ▁cat ast rop he , ▁so ▁as ▁to ▁remove ▁his ▁protective ▁presence . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁account , ▁Bar uch ▁then ▁saw , ▁from ▁Abraham ' s ▁oak ▁at ▁He br on , ▁the ▁Temple ▁set ▁on ▁fire ▁by ▁ang els , ▁who ▁previously ▁had ▁hidden ▁the ▁sacred ▁vessels . ▁ ▁The ▁T ann aim ▁are ▁much ▁divided ▁on ▁the ▁question ▁whether ▁Bar uch ▁is ▁to ▁be ▁class ed ▁among ▁the ▁Prop he ts . ▁According ▁to ▁M ek h il ta , ▁Bar uch ▁complained ▁because ▁the ▁gift ▁of ▁prop he cy ▁had ▁not ▁been ▁given ▁to ▁him . ▁" Why ," ▁he ▁said , ▁" is ▁my ▁fate ▁different ▁from ▁that ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁other ▁dis ciples ▁of ▁the ▁Prop he ts ? ▁Joshua ▁served ▁Moses , ▁and ▁the ▁Holy ▁Spirit ▁rested ▁upon ▁him ; ▁El isha ▁served ▁E lij ah , ▁and ▁the ▁Holy ▁Spirit ▁rested ▁upon ▁him . ▁Why ▁is ▁it ▁otherwise ▁with ▁me ?" ▁God ▁answered ▁him : ▁" Bar uch , ▁of ▁what ▁av ail ▁is ▁a ▁hed ge ▁where ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁vine yard , ▁or ▁a ▁she pher d ▁where ▁there ▁are ▁no ▁sheep ?" ▁Bar uch , ▁therefore , ▁found ▁cons olation ▁in ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁when ▁Israel ▁was ▁ex iled
▁to ▁Bab yl onia ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁longer ▁occasion ▁for ▁prop he cy . ▁ ▁The ▁S eder ▁O lam ▁( xx .), ▁however , ▁and ▁the ▁Tal m ud , ▁include ▁Bar uch ▁among ▁the ▁Prop he ts , ▁and ▁state ▁that ▁he ▁prop hes ied ▁in ▁the ▁period ▁following ▁the ▁destruction . ▁It ▁was ▁in ▁Bab yl onia ▁also ▁that ▁Ez ra ▁studied ▁the ▁Tor ah ▁with ▁Bar uch . ▁Nor ▁did ▁he ▁think ▁of ▁returning ▁to ▁J ude a ▁during ▁his ▁teacher ' s ▁lifetime , ▁since ▁he ▁considered ▁the ▁study ▁of ▁the ▁Tor ah ▁more ▁important ▁than ▁the ▁re building ▁of ▁the ▁Temple ; ▁and ▁Bar uch ▁could ▁not ▁join ▁the ▁returning ▁ex iles ▁by ▁reason ▁of ▁his ▁age . ▁ ▁Christian ▁traditions ▁Some ▁Christian ▁leg ends ▁( especially ▁from ▁Syria ▁and ▁Arabia ) ▁identify ▁Bar uch ▁with ▁Z oro aster , ▁and ▁give ▁much ▁information ▁concerning ▁him . ▁Bar uch , ▁angry ▁because ▁the ▁gift ▁of ▁prop he cy ▁had ▁been ▁denied ▁him , ▁and ▁on ▁account ▁of ▁the ▁destruction ▁of ▁Jerusalem ▁and ▁the ▁Temple , ▁left ▁Israel ▁to ▁found ▁the ▁religion ▁of ▁Z oro aster . ▁The ▁prop he cy ▁of ▁the ▁birth ▁of ▁Jesus ▁from ▁a ▁vir gin , ▁and ▁of ▁his ▁ad oration ▁by ▁the ▁Mag i , ▁is ▁also ▁asc ribed ▁to ▁Bar uch - Z oro aster . ▁It ▁is ▁difficult ▁to ▁explain ▁the ▁origin ▁of ▁this ▁curious ▁identification ▁of ▁a ▁prop het ▁with ▁a ▁mag ician , ▁such ▁as ▁Z oro aster
▁was ▁held ▁to ▁be , ▁among ▁the ▁Jews , ▁Christians , ▁and ▁Ar abs . ▁De ▁S acy ▁explains ▁it ▁on ▁the ▁ground ▁that ▁in ▁Arab ic ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁prop het ▁Jer em iah ▁is ▁almost ▁identical ▁with ▁that ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁U rm iah , ▁where , ▁it ▁is ▁said , ▁Z oro aster ▁lived . ▁ ▁However , ▁this ▁may ▁be , ▁the ▁Jewish ▁legend ▁mentioned ▁above ▁( under ▁Bar uch ▁in ▁Rab bin ical ▁Liter ature ), ▁according ▁to ▁which ▁the ▁Eth iop ian ▁in ▁Jer . ▁x xx v iii . ▁ 7 ▁is ▁und oubtedly ▁identical ▁with ▁Bar uch , ▁is ▁connected ▁with ▁this ▁Arab ic – Christ ian ▁legend . ▁As ▁early ▁as ▁the ▁C lement ine ▁" Rec ogn ition es " ▁( iv . ▁ 2 7 ), ▁Z oro aster ▁was ▁believed ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁desc endant ▁of ▁Ham ; ▁and , ▁according ▁to ▁Gen . ▁x . ▁ 6 , ▁C ush , ▁the ▁Eth iop ian , ▁is ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁Ham . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁" Rec ogn ition es ", ▁the ▁Pers ians ▁believed ▁that ▁Z oro aster ▁had ▁been ▁taken ▁into ▁heaven ▁in ▁a ▁char iot ▁(" ad ▁c œ l um ▁veh ic ulo ▁sub lev at um "); ▁and ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Jewish ▁legend , ▁the ▁above - ment ioned ▁Eth iop ian ▁was ▁transport ed ▁alive ▁into ▁parad ise , ▁an ▁occur rence ▁that , ▁like ▁the ▁translation ▁of ▁E lij ah ,
▁must ▁have ▁taken ▁place ▁by ▁means ▁of ▁a ▁" veh ic ulum ." ▁Another ▁rem in isc ence ▁of ▁the ▁Jewish ▁legend ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁Bar uch - Z oro aster ' s ▁words ▁concerning ▁Jesus : ▁" He ▁shall ▁descend ▁from ▁my ▁family ", ▁since , ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁H agg ad ah , ▁Bar uch ▁was ▁a ▁priest ; ▁and ▁Maria , ▁the ▁mother ▁of ▁Jesus , ▁was ▁of ▁priest ly ▁family . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Orth odox ▁Church ▁Bar uch ▁is ▁v ener ated ▁as ▁a ▁saint , ▁and ▁as ▁such ▁is ▁comm emor ated ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 8 ▁( which , ▁for ▁those ▁who ▁follow ▁the ▁traditional ▁Julian ▁Cal endar , ▁falls ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 1 ▁of ▁the ▁Greg or ian ▁Cal endar ). ▁ ▁The ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁considers ▁Bar uch ▁as ▁a ▁Saint ▁along ▁with ▁other ▁b iblical ▁prop he ts . ▁ ▁Gr ave ▁Bar uch ' s ▁grave ▁became ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁later ▁leg ends . ▁According ▁to ▁a ▁Muslim ▁tradition ▁reported ▁by ▁sources ▁including ▁Pet ach iah ▁of ▁Rat is bon , ▁an ▁Arab ian ▁king ▁once ▁ordered ▁it ▁to ▁be ▁opened ; ▁but ▁all ▁who ▁touched ▁it ▁fell ▁dead . ▁The ▁king ▁there up on ▁commanded ▁the ▁Jews ▁to ▁open ▁it ; ▁and ▁they , ▁after ▁preparing ▁themselves ▁by ▁a ▁three ▁days ' ▁fast , ▁succeeded ▁without ▁a ▁m ish ap . ▁Bar uch ' s ▁body ▁was ▁found ▁intact ▁in ▁a ▁marble ▁coff in , ▁and ▁appeared ▁as ▁if ▁he
▁had ▁just ▁died . ▁The ▁king ▁ordered ▁that ▁it ▁should ▁be ▁transport ed ▁to ▁another ▁place ; ▁but , ▁after ▁having ▁dragged ▁the ▁coff in ▁a ▁little ▁distance , ▁the ▁horses ▁and ▁cam els ▁were ▁unable ▁to ▁move ▁it ▁another ▁inch . ▁The ▁king , ▁greatly ▁excited ▁by ▁these ▁w onders , ▁went ▁with ▁his ▁ret in ue ▁to ▁Muhammad ▁to ▁ask ▁his ▁advice . ▁Ar rived ▁at ▁Me cca , ▁his ▁doubts ▁of ▁the ▁truth ▁of ▁the ▁teach ings ▁of ▁Islam ▁greatly ▁increased , ▁and ▁he ▁and ▁his ▁court iers ▁finally ▁accepted ▁Jud a ism . ▁The ▁king ▁then ▁built ▁a ▁" bet ▁ha - mid r ash " ▁on ▁the ▁spot ▁from ▁which ▁he ▁had ▁been ▁unable ▁to ▁move ▁Bar uch ' s ▁body ; ▁and ▁this ▁academ y ▁served ▁for ▁a ▁long ▁time ▁as ▁a ▁place ▁of ▁pil gr image . ▁ ▁Bar uch ' s ▁tomb ▁is ▁a ▁mile ▁away ▁from ▁that ▁of ▁E zek iel , ▁near ▁M ash had ▁Ali ; ▁and ▁a ▁Jewish ▁rab bin ic ▁source ▁reported ▁that ▁a ▁strange ▁plant , ▁the ▁leaves ▁of ▁which ▁are ▁spr ink led ▁with ▁gold ▁dust , ▁grows ▁on ▁it . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁Sy ri ac ▁Ap ocal yp se ▁of ▁Bar uch , ▁he ▁was ▁translated ▁to ▁parad ise ▁in ▁his ▁mort al ▁body . ▁The ▁same ▁is ▁stated ▁in ▁D ere kh ▁E ret z ▁Z uta ▁( i .) ▁of ▁E bed - M ele ch . ▁Those ▁who ▁regard ▁Bar uch ▁and ▁E
bed - me le ch ▁as ▁identical ▁find ▁this ▁ded uction ▁is ▁evident . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁b iblical ▁figures ▁identified ▁in ▁extra - b iblical ▁sources ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁S ources ▁Wright , ▁J . ▁Edward , ▁Bar uch ▁ben ▁N eria h : ▁From ▁B iblical ▁Sc ribe ▁to ▁Ap oc aly ptic ▁Se er ▁( Univers ity ▁of ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ) ▁ ▁Av ig ad , ▁Nah man , ▁" J er ah me el ▁& ▁Bar uch ," ▁B iblical ▁Arch ae ology ▁Review ▁ 4 2 . 2 ▁( 1 9 7 9 ). ▁ 1 1 4 - 1 1 8 . ▁Sh anks , ▁H ers hel , ▁Jer em iah ' s ▁Sc ribe ▁and ▁Conf id ant ▁Spe aks ▁from ▁a ▁Ho ard ▁of ▁Clay ▁Bull ae , ▁B iblical ▁Arch ae ology ▁Review ▁ 1 3 . 5 ▁( 1 9 8 7 ) ▁ 5 8 - 6 5 . ▁Sh anks , ▁H ers hel . ▁" F inger print ▁of ▁Jer em iah ' s ▁Sc ribe ." ▁B iblical ▁Arch ae ology ▁Review ▁ 2 ▁( 1 9 9 6 ): ▁ 3 6 - 3 8 . ▁" The ▁Se al ▁of ▁S era iah ," ▁E ret z ▁Israel ▁ 1 4 ▁( 1 9 7 8 , ▁G ins berg ▁fest sch rift ) ▁ 8 6 - 8 7 . ▁▁ ▁Article ▁on ▁Bar uch
▁in ▁Catholic ▁En cycl op edia ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Prop het ▁Bar uch ▁Eastern ▁Orth odox ▁icon ▁and ▁syn ax ar ion ▁ ▁Category : Prop he ts ▁in ▁Jud a ism ▁Category : People ▁in ▁the ▁De uter oc an onical ▁books ▁Category : An c ient ▁Israel ▁and ▁Jud ah ▁Category : Christ ian ▁s aints ▁from ▁the ▁Old ▁Testament ▁Category : B iblical ▁figures ▁in ▁rab bin ic ▁literature ▁Category : J er em iah ▁Category : J ew ish ▁sc rib es ▁( so fer im ) ▁Category : An c ient ▁Near ▁Eastern ▁sc rib es ▁Category : Book ▁of ▁Jer em iah <0x0A> </s> ▁Post ▁Present ▁Med ium ▁( or ▁P PM ) ▁is ▁a ▁record ▁label ▁started ▁and ▁run ▁by ▁Dean ▁Allen ▁Sp unt , ▁also ▁from ▁the ▁band ▁No ▁Age . ▁He ▁started ▁the ▁label ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁with ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁a ▁ 7 " ▁by ▁Portland / O lymp ia ▁nat ives ▁The ▁Int ima , ▁P PM ▁has ▁released ▁records ▁from ▁artists ▁that ▁include ▁M ika ▁M iko , ▁A be ▁V ig oda , ▁Barr , ▁Best ▁Coast , ▁No ▁Age , ▁Gun ▁Out fit , ▁Sil k ▁Flow ers , ▁John ▁W ies e , ▁Eric ▁Cop eland , ▁In finite ▁Body , ▁and ▁SF V ▁Ac id . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Record ▁labels ▁based ▁in ▁California ▁Category : 2 0 0 1 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁California ▁Category : American ▁independent ▁record ▁labels
▁Category : Record ▁labels ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁Cameron ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁in ▁Cal h oun ▁County , ▁South ▁Carolina , ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 4 2 4 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census . ▁It ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Columbia , ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Met ropolitan ▁Stat ist ical ▁Area . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁community ▁der ives ▁its ▁name ▁from ▁Cl an ▁Cameron ▁of ▁Scotland . ▁ ▁The ▁Ha ig ler ▁House ▁and ▁Ul mer - Sum mers ▁House ▁are ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces . ▁ ▁Ge ography ▁Cameron ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁southern ▁Cal h oun ▁County ▁at ▁ ▁( 3 3 . 5 5 7 5 6 7 , ▁- 8 0 . 7 1 5 3 1 1 ). ▁U . S . ▁Route ▁ 1 7 6 ▁( Old ▁State ▁Road ) ▁passes ▁through ▁the ▁town , ▁leading ▁north west ▁ ▁to ▁Columbia ▁and ▁sout heast ▁ ▁to ▁Charl eston . ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Highway ▁ 3 3 ▁cross es ▁US ▁ 1 7 6 ▁in ▁the ▁town , ▁leading ▁nort heast ▁ ▁to ▁C rest on ▁and ▁south west ▁five ▁miles ▁to ▁Inter state ▁ 2 6 ▁and ▁ ▁to ▁Orange burg . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Census ▁Bureau , ▁Cameron ▁has ▁a ▁total ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁all ▁land . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 4 4 9 ▁people
, ▁ 1 8 5 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 1 2 5 ▁families ▁res iding ▁in ▁the ▁town . ▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁ 1 4 3 . 2 ▁people ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 5 5 . 2 / km ² ). ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 0 1 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁ 6 4 . 1 ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 2 4 . 7 / km ² ). ▁The ▁racial ▁makeup ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁was ▁ 5 9 . 4 7 % ▁White ▁and ▁ 4 0 . 5 3 % ▁African ▁American . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 1 8 5 ▁households ▁out ▁of ▁which ▁ 2 5 . 9 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 5 1 . 9 % ▁were ▁married ▁couples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 1 1 . 9 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁and ▁ 3 2 . 4 % ▁were ▁non - f amil ies . ▁ 3 0 . 3 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 1 4 . 6 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 4 1 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 3 . 0 4 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁town , ▁the ▁age ▁distribution ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁shows ▁ 2 4 . 1 % ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8
, ▁ 4 . 9 % ▁from ▁ 1 8 ▁to ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 2 . 9 % ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 , ▁ 2 9 . 2 % ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 , ▁and ▁ 1 8 . 9 % ▁who ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁was ▁ 4 3 ▁years . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females , ▁there ▁were ▁ 9 1 . 9 ▁males . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁over , ▁there ▁were ▁ 1 0 1 . 8 ▁males . ▁ ▁The ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁household ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁was ▁$ 3 9 , 7 9 2 , ▁and ▁the ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁family ▁was ▁$ 5 0 , 0 0 0 . ▁M ales ▁had ▁a ▁median ▁income ▁of ▁$ 3 3 , 5 4 2 ▁versus ▁$ 2 0 , 4 1 7 ▁for ▁females . ▁The ▁per ▁cap ita ▁income ▁for ▁the ▁town ▁was ▁$ 2 2 , 4 6 3 . ▁About ▁ 1 0 . 2 % ▁of ▁families ▁and ▁ 1 2 . 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁were ▁below ▁the ▁poverty ▁line , ▁including ▁ 1 9 . 3 % ▁of ▁those ▁under ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 9 . 6 % ▁of ▁those ▁age ▁ 6 5 ▁or ▁over . ▁ ▁Econom y ▁ ▁Cameron ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁its
▁agricultural ▁economic ▁basis . ▁The ▁main ▁industries ▁within ▁town ▁are : ▁Cameron ▁Matt ress ▁Factory ▁( man ufact urers ▁of ▁Spring ▁Air ), ▁Cameron ▁Cot ton ▁& ▁Se ed ▁Company ▁( a ▁cotton ▁g in ▁and ▁ware h ousing ▁company ), ▁Carolina ▁Pe an uts , ▁LLC ▁and ▁Golden ▁K ernel ▁P ec an ▁Company . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁History ▁of ▁Cameron ▁ ▁Category : T own s ▁in ▁Cal h oun ▁County , ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Category : T own s ▁in ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Category : Col umb ia ▁met ropolitan ▁area ▁( South ▁Carolina ) <0x0A> </s> ▁T aj ik – Tur k ish ▁relations ▁are ▁friendly ▁and ▁cooper ative ▁and ▁under lined ▁with ▁a ▁legal ▁basis ▁of ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 0 ▁treat ies ▁and ▁protocol s ▁which ▁have ▁been ▁signed ▁between ▁two ▁countries ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁ ▁Modern ▁relations ▁Turkey ▁recognized ▁the ▁independence ▁of ▁T aj ik istan ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁December ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁and ▁established ▁diplom atic ▁relations ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 2 . ▁The ▁Turkish ▁Emb assy ▁in ▁D ush an be ▁was ▁opened ▁on ▁ 4 ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁and ▁the ▁T aj ik ▁Emb assy ▁in ▁An k ara ▁was ▁opened ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁ ▁Turkey ’ s ▁relations ▁with ▁T aj ik istan ▁are ▁considered ▁within ▁the ▁framework ▁of ▁relations ▁with ▁other ▁Central ▁Asian ▁republic s ▁but
▁developed ▁more ▁slowly ▁due ▁to ▁T aj ik istan ’ s ▁internal ▁war ▁between ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁During ▁this ▁period ▁the ▁Turkish ▁emb assy ▁in ▁D ush an be ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁diplom atic ▁mission ▁which ▁remained ▁open ▁and ▁the ▁visit ▁of ▁Turkish ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁S ule yman ▁Dem ire l ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁high ▁level ▁visit ▁to ▁T aj ik istan . ▁ ▁T aj ik ▁President ▁Em om ali ▁Rah mon ▁made ▁a ▁ 1 9 – 2 2 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁official ▁visit ▁to ▁Turkey . ▁ ▁Turkish ▁President ial ▁visit ▁to ▁D ush an be ▁Turkish ▁President ▁Abd ull ah ▁G ül ▁made ▁a ▁ 2 9 ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁official ▁visit ▁to ▁D ush an be ▁where ▁he ▁met ▁with ▁T aj ik ▁President ▁Rah mon ▁to ▁discuss ▁bil ateral ▁relations , ▁with ▁G ül ▁re iter ating ▁the ▁two ▁countries ▁common ▁stance ▁on ▁“ ter ror ism , ▁extrem ist ▁movements , ▁illegal ▁immigration , ▁drug ▁and ▁arms ▁sm ug gling , ▁organ ised ▁crime ▁and ▁the ▁pro lifer ation ▁of ▁weapons ▁of ▁mass ▁destruction ,” ▁before ▁concentr ating ▁on ▁Afghanistan ▁( as ▁he ▁had ▁done ▁in ▁his ▁preced ing ▁visit ▁to ▁K yr gy z stan ) ▁by ▁stating , ▁“ Af ghan istan ’ s ▁stability ▁and ▁peace ▁is ▁very ▁important ▁for ▁Central ▁Asia ▁and ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁world . ▁T aj ik istan , ▁which ▁shares ▁a ▁land
▁border ▁of ▁ 1 , 4 0 0 ▁kilometres ▁with ▁Afghanistan , ▁has ▁always ▁played ▁a ▁construct ive ▁role ▁in ▁this ▁regard .” ▁ ▁Group ▁ 2 4 ▁The ▁founder ▁of ▁the ▁T aj ik ▁Group ▁ 2 4 ▁opposition ▁movement , ▁U mar ali ▁Qu v at ov , ▁was ▁assass inated ▁in ▁Turkey ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁Turkey ▁det ained ▁two ▁members ▁of ▁Group ▁ 2 4 , ▁Su h ro bi ▁Z af ar ▁and ▁Nas im ▁Shar ip ov , ▁but ▁did ▁not ▁extr ad ite ▁them ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁Const itutional ▁Court ▁of ▁Turkey ▁ruling ▁that ▁they ▁may ▁face ▁torture ▁in ▁T aj ik istan . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁ ▁Turkey ▁Category : B il ateral ▁relations ▁of ▁Turkey <0x0A> </s> ▁is ▁an ▁action ▁role - play ing ▁game ▁developed ▁and ▁released ▁by ▁Nam co ▁for ▁the ▁Sony ▁Play Station ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 , ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁in ▁Japan . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁third ▁game ▁in ▁the ▁Dragon ▁B uster ▁series , ▁and ▁features ▁platform ▁and ▁hack ▁and ▁sl ash ▁elements . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁Dragon ▁Val or ▁world , ▁drag ons ▁are ▁mon sters ▁with ▁immense ▁power ; ▁the ▁player ' s ▁role ▁as ▁a ▁Dragon ▁Val or ▁is ▁to ▁sl ay ▁them ▁with ▁a ▁magical ▁sword ▁that ▁is ▁passed ▁down ▁through ▁success ive ▁generations ▁of ▁the ▁family . ▁In ▁a ▁manner ▁somewhat ▁rem inis cent ▁to ▁Ph ant asy ▁Star ▁III , ▁the ▁game ▁diff ers ▁from ▁other ▁action
▁platform ▁games ▁of ▁the ▁time ▁in ▁that ▁whom ▁the ▁protagon ist ▁mar ries ▁during ▁the ▁game ▁will ▁influence ▁who ▁will ▁lead ▁the ▁adventure ▁in ▁its ▁next ▁phase . ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁choices ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁chapter , ▁and ▁a ▁possible ▁two ▁choices ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁chapter , ▁hence ▁the ▁game ▁flow ▁has ▁three ▁potential ▁paths ▁and ▁thus ▁three ▁different ▁end ings . ▁ ▁Game play ▁In ▁Dragon ▁Val or , ▁the ▁player ' s ▁character ▁is ▁placed ▁in ▁a ▁stage , ▁with ▁the ▁intention ▁to ▁get ▁from ▁where ▁they ▁start ▁towards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁stage ▁or ▁to ▁defeat ▁specific ▁boss ▁enemies ▁along ▁the ▁way . ▁Ult imately , ▁the ▁player ▁must ▁fight ▁and ▁defeat ▁a ▁dragon ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁each ▁chapter ▁( a ▁chapter ▁being ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁stages ▁leading ▁towards ▁the ▁dragon ) ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁clear ▁the ▁chapter . ▁Along ▁the ▁way , ▁players ▁can ▁collect ▁items ▁to ▁boost ▁their ▁hit ▁points , ▁magic ▁points , ▁attack ▁and ▁defense . ▁Players ▁can ▁also ▁obtain ▁' tom es ' ▁after ▁defe ating ▁specific ▁enemies , ▁which ▁grant ▁access ▁to ▁sp ells . ▁ ▁The ▁game ' s ▁currency ▁is ▁Val , ▁and ▁players ▁can ▁collect ▁this ▁to ▁buy ▁recovery ▁pot ions ▁( which ▁are ▁used ▁immediately ▁upon ▁purchase ), ▁status - im pro ving ▁items , ▁or ▁items ▁that ▁may ▁be ▁sold ▁for ▁Val ▁or ▁traded ▁for ▁other ▁items ▁later ▁on ▁in ▁the ▁game . ▁Further ing ▁this ▁topic , ▁the ▁items ▁that ▁the ▁player ▁usually ▁gets ▁in ▁a ▁trade
▁are ▁status - im pro ving ▁items . ▁ ▁As ▁stated ▁above , ▁the ▁protagon ist ▁changes ▁after ▁clearing ▁each ▁chapter . ▁There ▁are ▁three ▁possible ▁paths , ▁coinc iding ▁with ▁the ▁three ▁magic ▁sw ords ▁that ▁are ▁found ▁on ▁those ▁paths : ▁Az os , ▁Soul , ▁and ▁K ad um . ▁Players ▁generally ▁control ▁a ▁character ▁for ▁one ▁chapter , ▁though ▁some ▁characters ▁can ▁be ▁played ▁twice . ▁The ▁paths , ▁as ▁stated ▁above , ▁are ▁chosen ▁depending ▁on ▁certain ▁tr iggers ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁chapter . ▁F ul fill ing ▁the ▁trigger ▁in ▁Chapter ▁ 1 , ▁for ▁example , ▁means ▁that ▁Cl ov is ▁mar ries ▁Cel ia ▁and ▁becomes ▁King ▁of ▁R axis , ▁and ▁the ▁next ▁player ▁character ▁is ▁their ▁son , ▁Ar len . ▁Not ▁fulfill ing ▁the ▁trigger ▁means ▁that ▁Cl ov is ▁instead ▁mar ries ▁Carolina , ▁which ▁results ▁in ▁the ▁next ▁player ▁character ▁being ▁K od el . ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁similar ▁choice ▁trigger ▁as ▁K od el ▁over ▁whether ▁or ▁not ▁to ▁save ▁F ann ah ▁in ▁his ▁chapter . ▁ ▁Reg ardless ▁of ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁the ▁characters ▁change ▁every ▁chapter , ▁the ▁basic ▁commands ▁remain ▁almost ▁the ▁same , ▁with ▁some ▁slight ▁variations ▁in ▁how ▁they ▁are ▁carried ▁out ▁vis ually ▁being ▁the ▁only ▁tell t ale ▁difference . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁C het ▁Bar ber ▁reviewed ▁the ▁Play Station ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁game ▁for ▁Next ▁Generation , ▁rating ▁it ▁three ▁stars ▁out ▁of ▁five , ▁and ▁stated ▁that
▁" It ▁may ▁not ▁blow ▁your ▁socks ▁off , ▁but ▁Dragon ▁Val or ▁is ▁a ▁solid ▁title ▁worthy ▁of ▁any ▁g amer ' s ▁attention ." ▁ ▁The ▁game ▁received ▁" m ixed " ▁reviews ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁review ▁aggreg ation ▁website ▁Met ac rit ic . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Role - play ing ▁video ▁games ▁Category : Action ▁role - play ing ▁video ▁games ▁Category : Drag ons ▁in ▁video ▁games ▁Category : N am co ▁games ▁Category : Play Station ▁( console ) ▁games ▁Category : Play Station ▁Network ▁games ▁Category : 1 9 9 9 ▁video ▁games ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁developed ▁in ▁Japan ▁Category : Single - player ▁video ▁games ▁Category : Video ▁game ▁sequ els ▁Category : Video ▁game ▁rem akes ▁Category : Video ▁games ▁with ▁alternate ▁end ings <0x0A> </s> ▁Anthony ▁Philip ▁O ' Conn or ▁( born ▁ 2 4 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 0 ) ▁is ▁an ▁English ▁cr ick eter . ▁ ▁O ' Conn or ▁is ▁a ▁left - handed ▁b ats man ▁who ▁bow ls ▁left - arm ▁medium ▁pace . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Brad ford , ▁York shire . ▁ ▁O ' Conn or ▁made ▁his ▁debut ▁for ▁Sh ro pshire ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁Minor ▁Count ies ▁Championship ▁against ▁Che shire . ▁ ▁O ' Conn or ▁has ▁played ▁Minor ▁count ies ▁cricket ▁for ▁Sh ro pshire ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁to ▁present , ▁which
▁has ▁included ▁ 3 6 ▁Minor ▁Count ies ▁Championship ▁appearances ▁and ▁ 1 9 ▁M CC A ▁Kn ock out ▁Tro phy ▁appearances . ▁ ▁He ▁made ▁his ▁List ▁A ▁debut ▁against ▁Dev on ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁Chel ten ham ▁& ▁Gl ou cester ▁Tro phy . ▁ ▁He ▁made ▁ 5 ▁further ▁List ▁A ▁appearances , ▁the ▁last ▁of ▁which ▁came ▁against ▁Hampshire ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁Chel ten ham ▁& ▁Gl ou cester ▁Tro phy . ▁ ▁In ▁his ▁ 6 ▁List ▁A ▁matches , ▁he ▁took ▁ 5 ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 3 9 . 2 0 , ▁with ▁best ▁figures ▁of ▁ 2 / 2 7 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Anthony ▁O ' Conn or ▁at ▁ESP N c ric info ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : C rick eters ▁from ▁Brad ford ▁Category : English ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : Sh ro pshire ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : English ▁cr ick eters ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Category : English ▁cr ick eters ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁century <0x0A> </s> ▁Z ék em z ou g ou ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁in ▁the ▁B ingo ▁Department ▁of ▁B oul ki em d é ▁Province ▁in ▁central ▁western ▁Bur k ina ▁F as o . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁Z ék em z
ou g ou ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 1 , 1 3 2 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Sat ell ite ▁map ▁at ▁Map land ia ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁B oul ki em d é ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁D ' Ar cy ▁Thompson ▁Z ool ogy ▁Museum ▁is ▁a ▁museum ▁of ▁z ool ogy ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁D und ee ▁in ▁Scotland . ▁ ▁The ▁museum ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁Scottish ▁bi ologist ▁and ▁mat hem atic ian ▁D ' Ar cy ▁Thompson ▁( 1 8 6 0 – 1 9 4 8 ), ▁who ▁founded ▁it ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 8 0 s . ▁The ▁museum ▁has ▁a ▁collection ▁of ▁birds , ▁fish , ▁insect s , ▁mamm als , ▁and ▁re pt iles ▁from ▁around ▁the ▁world , ▁together ▁with ▁some ▁of ▁D ' Ar cy ▁Thompson ' s ▁models ▁and ▁teaching ▁material . ▁The ▁museum ▁has ▁ 2 7 ▁spec im ens ▁from ▁the ▁voyage ▁of ▁ ▁of ▁▁ 1 8 7 2 – 1 8 7 6 . ▁ ▁The ▁museum ▁also ▁has ▁an ▁art ▁collection , ▁including ▁digital ▁art ▁of ▁cell ular ▁forms ▁by ▁Andy ▁L omas , ▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁D ' Ar cy ▁Thompson ▁including ▁his ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁book ▁On ▁Grow th ▁and ▁Form , ▁and ▁funded ▁by ▁the ▁UK ▁Art ▁Fund . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Museum ▁website ▁ ▁Category : M useum s ▁with ▁year
▁of ▁establishment ▁missing ▁Category : Z ool ogy ▁museum s ▁Category : N at ural ▁history ▁museum s ▁in ▁Scotland ▁Category : Univers ity ▁museum s ▁in ▁Scotland ▁Thompson , ▁D ' Ar cy ▁Category : M useum s ▁in ▁D und ee ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁D und ee ▁Category : 1 8 8 0 s ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Scotland ▁Category : M useum s ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 ▁Category : Dig ital ▁art <0x0A> </s> ▁Andrew ▁Howard ▁is ▁a ▁Wel sh ▁theatre , ▁television ▁and ▁film ▁actor . ▁ ▁Training ▁Howard ▁trained ▁at ▁C yg net ▁Training ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Ex eter ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 8 0 s , ▁tour ing ▁in ▁produ ctions ▁of ▁A ▁Christmas ▁Carol , ▁Tw elf th ▁Night , ▁ ▁Beg gar ' s ▁Opera ▁and ▁Pe er ▁Gy nt ▁among ▁others . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁Stage ▁On ▁stage ▁roles ▁included ▁Alex ▁De Large ▁in ▁A ▁Cl ock work ▁Orange , ▁Pe er ▁Gy nt ▁in ▁Pe er ▁Gy nt , ▁O rest es ▁in ▁Elect ra ▁at ▁the at res , ▁including ▁The ▁Royal ▁National ▁Theatre ▁( London ) ▁and ▁The ▁Don mar ▁W are house ▁( London ). ▁ ▁Film ▁Howard ▁has ▁made ▁notable ▁appearances ▁in ▁several ▁major ▁produ ctions , ▁including ▁the ▁H BO ▁min iser ies ▁Band ▁of ▁Brothers ▁and ▁the ▁Guy ▁R itch ie ▁cap er ▁Rev olver , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁cost ar ring ▁alongside ▁Patrick ▁Stewart ▁and ▁Glen n ▁Close ▁in ▁the ▁
2 0 0 3 ▁TV ▁movie ▁The ▁Lion ▁in ▁Winter . ▁He ▁played ▁" Bad " ▁Frank ▁Phillips ▁in ▁History ▁Channel ' s ▁Hat fields ▁& ▁Mc Co ys . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁Howard ▁was ▁awarded ▁best ▁actor ▁at ▁the ▁Tokyo ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁for ▁his ▁port ray al ▁of ▁Jon ▁in ▁Mr ▁In - Bet ween . ▁He ▁co - w rote ▁the ▁screen play ▁for ▁Sh oot ers , ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁British ▁crime ▁drama ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁also ▁star red . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁he ▁played ▁Thomas ▁L uster ▁in ▁the ▁thr iller ▁film ▁L uster ▁under ▁the ▁direction ▁from ▁Adam ▁Mason . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁he ▁was ▁also ▁in ▁the ▁film ▁Blood ▁River , ▁for ▁which ▁Howard ▁won ▁Best ▁A ctor ▁Award ▁at ▁the ▁Hon ol ulu ▁Film ▁Festival ▁and ▁the ▁Jack ▁N ance ▁Break through ▁Performance ▁Award ▁at ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Film ▁Festival ▁Dow nt own . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁he ▁star red ▁in ▁L imit less , ▁a ▁film ▁by ▁Neil ▁Bur ger ▁originally ▁titled ▁The ▁Dark ▁Field s . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁he ▁played ▁a ▁supporting ▁role ▁as ▁the ▁lead ▁Russian ▁hen ch man , ▁Max im , ▁in ▁T aken ▁ 3 . ▁Since ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁he ▁has ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁television ▁series ▁B ates ▁Mot el ▁as ▁Will ▁Dec ody , ▁who ▁was ▁originally
▁port rayed ▁by ▁actor ▁Ian ▁Hart ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁season . ▁ ▁Film ography ▁ ▁Film ▁ ▁Television ▁ ▁Screen writer ▁ ▁Sh oot ers ▁( 2 0 0 2 ), ▁film ▁ ▁P ig ▁( 2 0 1 0 ), ▁film ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : W el sh ▁male ▁film ▁actors ▁Category : W el sh ▁male ▁television ▁actors ▁Category : M ale ▁actors ▁from ▁Card iff ▁Category : Place ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : W el sh ▁male ▁stage ▁actors ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Wel sh ▁male ▁actors ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁Wel sh ▁male ▁actors <0x0A> </s> ▁Ernst ▁Rud olf ▁Johannes ▁Re uter ▁( 2 9 ▁July ▁ 1 8 8 9 ▁– ▁ 2 9 ▁September ▁ 1 9 5 3 ) ▁was ▁the ▁German ▁mayor ▁of ▁West ▁Berlin ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 5 3 , ▁during ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁the ▁Cold ▁War . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁Early ▁years ▁ ▁Re uter ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁A pen rade ▁( A aben ra a ), ▁Province ▁of ▁Sch les wig - Hol stein ▁( now ▁in ▁Denmark ). ▁He ▁spent ▁his ▁childhood ▁days ▁in ▁Le er ▁where ▁a ▁public ▁square ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁him . ▁Re uter ▁attended ▁the ▁universities ▁of ▁Mün ster ▁and ▁ ▁Mar burg ▁where ▁he ▁completed ▁his ▁studies ▁in ▁
1 9 1 2 ▁and ▁passed ▁the ▁exam inations ▁as ▁a ▁teacher . ▁Moreover , ▁he ▁was ▁member ▁in ▁a ▁fr atern ity ▁called ▁" SB V ▁Frank onia ▁Mar burg ". ▁The ▁same ▁year ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Social ▁Democratic ▁Party ▁of ▁Germany ▁( SP D ). ▁ ▁Re uter ▁opposed ▁Kaiser ▁Wilhelm ' s ▁regime ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War . ▁After ▁being ▁draft ed , ▁Re uter ▁was ▁wounded ▁and ▁captured ▁by ▁Russians ▁during ▁the ▁Bol she vik ▁Revolution . ▁In ▁capt ivity , ▁Re uter ▁joined ▁the ▁Bol she vik s ▁and ▁organized ▁his ▁fellow ▁prisoners ▁into ▁a ▁sov iet . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 7 , ▁Len in ▁sent ▁him ▁to ▁Sar at ov ▁in ▁the ▁to - be - est ab lished ▁Vol ga ▁German ▁Aut onom ous ▁Soviet ▁Social ist ▁Republic . ▁ ▁We im ar ▁Republic ▁ ▁Upon ▁his ▁return ▁to ▁Germany , ▁Re uter ▁joined ▁the ▁Communist ▁Party ▁of ▁Germany ▁( K PD ) ▁and ▁was ▁named ▁the ▁First ▁Secretary ▁of ▁its ▁Berlin ▁section . ▁He ▁embr aced ▁a ▁position ▁on ▁the ▁left ▁wing ▁of ▁the ▁party ▁end ors ing ▁an ▁open ▁rebell ion ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁in ▁central ▁Germany ▁and ▁placed ▁himself ▁here by ▁in ▁opposition ▁to ▁the ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁party , ▁Paul ▁Lev i . ▁Although ▁Re uter ▁was ▁seen ▁as ▁a ▁favorite ▁of ▁Len in , ▁he ▁was ▁exp elled ▁from ▁the ▁party ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 2 .
▁He ▁moved ▁briefly ▁to ▁the ▁Independent ▁Social ▁Democratic ▁Party ▁of ▁Germany ▁( US PD ), ▁and ▁then ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁Social ▁Democrats ▁for ▁good . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 6 , ▁Re uter ▁entered ▁services ▁in ▁the ▁government ▁of ▁Berlin ▁and ▁was ▁responsible ▁for ▁transportation . ▁Acc om pl ish ments ▁were ▁the ▁foundation ▁of ▁the ▁ ▁Berlin er ▁Ver kehr sb et rie be ▁( B V G ), ▁the ▁introduction ▁of ▁a ▁un ified ▁ticket ▁for ▁public ▁transportation , ▁and ▁extensions ▁of ▁the ▁Berlin ▁sub way ▁system . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 3 1 ▁until ▁ 1 9 3 3 , ▁Re uter ▁was ▁the ▁mayor ▁of ▁Mag de burg ▁where ▁he ▁fought ▁lack ▁of ▁housing ▁and ▁jobs ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁economic ▁crisis . ▁He ▁also ▁was ▁elected ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Reich st ag . ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 3 , ▁with ▁the ▁Naz is ▁now ▁in ▁power , ▁he ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁resign ▁his ▁positions ▁and ▁was ▁brought ▁to ▁the ▁concentration ▁camp ▁( K Z ) ▁L ichten burg ▁near ▁T org au . ▁After ▁his ▁release , ▁he ▁went ▁into ▁ex ile ▁in ▁Turkey ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 ▁where ▁he ▁stayed ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁to ▁the ▁Nazi ▁era . ▁In ▁An k ara ▁he ▁lect ured ▁at ▁the ▁University , ▁introduced ▁urban ▁planning ▁as ▁a ▁university ▁discipline , ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁consultant ▁to ▁the ▁Government . ▁ ▁Post - war ▁Berlin ▁▁ ▁After ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁Re
uter ▁returned ▁to ▁Berlin , ▁and ▁was ▁elected ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 6 ▁to ▁the ▁Mag istr ate ▁( g over ning ▁body ) ▁where ▁he ▁overs aw ▁initially ▁the ▁Transport ation ▁Department . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁he ▁was ▁elected ▁Lord ▁Mayor ▁( O ber b ür g erme ister ) ▁of ▁Berlin ▁but ▁in ▁the ▁deep ening ▁crisis ▁of ▁the ▁Cold ▁War , ▁the ▁Soviet ▁government ▁with held ▁their ▁necessary ▁consent . ▁ ▁Re uter ▁is ▁most ▁notable ▁for ▁his ▁stance ▁during ▁the ▁Cold ▁War ▁in ▁Berlin . ▁During ▁the ▁Soviet - im posed ▁ ▁Berlin ▁Block ade ▁( 1 9 4 8 / 4 9 ), ▁the ▁western ▁part ▁of ▁city ▁was ▁sustained ▁by ▁the ▁Berlin ▁a irl ift ▁that ▁was ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁American ▁Military ▁Governor , ▁Lu cius ▁D . ▁Clay . ▁In ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁threat , ▁the ▁citizens ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁sectors ▁had ▁to ▁come ▁together . ▁Ernst ▁Re uter ▁became ▁their ▁spokes man ▁and ▁leader , ▁a ▁symbol ic ▁figure ▁of ▁the ▁" Free " ▁Berlin . ▁Mem orable ▁is ▁Re uter ’ s ▁speech ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁burned - out ▁Reich st ag ▁building ▁on ▁ 9 ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁facing ▁a ▁crowd ▁of ▁ 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁where ▁he ▁appe aled ▁to ▁the ▁world ▁not ▁to ▁abandon ▁Berlin . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁election ▁that ▁was ▁conducted ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁part ▁of ▁Berlin ▁two ▁months ▁later , ▁his ▁popularity ▁gave ▁the ▁SPD
▁the ▁highest ▁win ▁with ▁ 6 4 . 5 % ▁ever ▁achieved ▁by ▁any ▁party ▁in ▁a ▁free ▁election ▁in ▁Germany . ▁As ▁mayor ▁he ▁formed ▁a ▁grand ▁coalition ▁government ▁with ▁the ▁next ▁two ▁largest ▁parties ▁to ▁demonstrate ▁West ▁Berlin ’ s ▁unity . ▁Re uter ' s ▁appeal ▁to ▁the ▁West ▁did ▁not ▁go ▁un he ard . ▁The ▁a irl ift ▁saved ▁the ▁city ▁from ▁star v ation , ▁and ▁Re uter ▁became ▁only ▁the ▁second ▁German ▁post war ▁politician ▁( after ▁Kon rad ▁A den auer ) ▁to ▁be ▁placed ▁on ▁the ▁cover ▁of ▁Time ▁magazine . ▁He ▁was ▁titled ▁" H err ▁Berlin ". ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁new ▁Berlin ▁State ▁Constitution ▁became ▁effective ▁for ▁West ▁Berlin , ▁Re uter ▁was ▁re - e lected ▁and ▁on ▁ 1 8 ▁January ▁ 1 9 5 1 , ▁became ▁what ▁was ▁now ▁called ▁the ▁G over ning ▁Mayor ▁( Reg ier ender ▁Bür g erme ister ) ▁of ▁West ▁Berlin . ▁He ▁served ▁in ▁this ▁function ▁until ▁his ▁death . ▁ ▁Under ▁his ▁a eg is , ▁the ▁Free ▁University ▁of ▁Berlin ▁was ▁founded , ▁as ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Berlin ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁Soviet ▁sector ▁and ▁under ▁commun ist ▁rule . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁Re uter ▁established ▁the ▁" B ür g erme ister - Re uter - St ift ung " ▁( May or ▁Re uter ▁Foundation ) ▁to ▁assist ▁refugees ▁coming ▁to ▁West - Ber lin . ▁ ▁A ▁few ▁weeks ▁after ▁the ▁up r ising
▁of ▁ 1 7 ▁June ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁in ▁East ▁Berlin , ▁Re uter ▁died ▁suddenly ▁and ▁unexpected ly ▁from ▁a ▁heart ▁attack ▁in ▁West ▁Berlin ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 6 4 . ▁His ▁funeral ▁was ▁attended ▁by ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 ▁million ▁people . ▁His ▁grave ▁is ▁an ▁E hre ng rab ▁( hon or ary ▁grave ) ▁on ▁the ▁Wald fried hof ▁Ze hl end orf . ▁ ▁Family ▁ ▁Re uter ▁was ▁married ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 0 , ▁and ▁he ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁L otte ▁( Ch arl otte ) ▁had ▁two ▁children , ▁H ella ▁( 1 9 2 0 – 1 9 8 3 ), ▁and ▁( G erd ▁Ed z ard ) ▁Harry ▁( 1 9 2 1 – 1 9 9 2 ) ▁who ▁became ▁a ▁British ▁citizen ▁and ▁a ▁professor ▁of ▁mathemat ics . ▁Harry ' s ▁son ▁Tim othy ▁was ▁a ▁distinguished ▁media eval ▁historian . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 7 ▁Re uter ▁divor ced ▁Charlotte ▁and ▁rem ar ried . ▁He ▁and ▁his ▁second ▁wife ▁H anna ▁had ▁one ▁son , ▁Ed z ard , ▁who ▁became ▁the ▁CEO ▁of ▁D aim ler - B enz . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁▁ ▁Ernst - Re uter - Pl ak ette ▁( Er n st ▁Re uter ▁Medal ): ▁the ▁highest ▁award ▁by ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁Berlin ▁was ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁Senate ▁of ▁Berlin ▁for ▁persons ▁whose ▁work ▁benef ited ▁the ▁city ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 .
▁ ▁Ernst - Re uter - G es ellschaft ▁( Er n st ▁Re uter ▁Association ): ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁al umn i ▁and ▁friends ▁of ▁the ▁Free ▁University ▁of ▁Berlin ▁that ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 . ▁The ▁Association ▁names ▁the ▁winners ▁of ▁the ▁annual ▁ ▁" Er n st - Re uter - Pre is " ▁for ▁excellent ▁dis sert ations ▁from ▁the ▁university ▁and ▁provided s ▁“ Er n st - Re uter - St ip ends ” ▁ ▁for ▁studies ▁abroad . ▁ ▁Former ▁places ▁where ▁Re uter ▁lived ▁received ▁memorial ▁pl a ques : ▁H arden berg straße ▁ 3 5 ▁( Ber lin - Ch arl ot ten burg ), ▁and ▁B ül ow straße ▁ 3 3 ▁( Ber lin - Z e hl end orf ). ▁ ▁Among ▁the ▁many ▁places ▁in ▁Berlin ▁that ▁comm emor ate ▁Re uter ▁are : ▁ ▁a ▁major ▁public ▁square ▁and ▁sub way ▁station ▁ ▁Ernst - Re uter - Pl atz ▁( Ber lin ▁U - B ahn ), ▁ ▁a ▁government ▁building ▁ ▁a ▁school ▁▁ ▁a ▁youth ▁host el ▁Other ▁towns ▁in ▁Germany ▁have ▁streets ▁or ▁schools ▁named ▁after ▁Ernst ▁Re uter . ▁ ▁The ▁" Ch ampion ▁of ▁Liberty " ▁series ▁issued ▁by ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Post al ▁Service ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 ▁hon ored ▁Re uter ▁with ▁two ▁st amps . ▁ ▁Qu ote ▁▁ ▁" I hr ▁V ölker ▁der ▁Welt ▁... ▁Sch aut ▁auf ▁diese ▁Stadt ▁und
▁er ken nt , ▁dass ▁ihr ▁diese ▁Stadt ▁und ▁dies es ▁Volk ▁nicht ▁pre is geben ▁d ür ft , ▁nicht ▁pre is geben ▁kön nt !" ▁( People ▁of ▁this ▁world ... ▁look ▁upon ▁this ▁city ▁and ▁see ▁that ▁you ▁should ▁not , ▁cannot ▁abandon ▁this ▁city ▁and ▁this ▁people ) ▁— Re uter ’ s ▁speech ▁from ▁ 9 ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁( G erman ) ▁ ▁Public ations ▁▁ ▁Ernst ▁Re uter : ▁R ational is ierung ▁der ▁Berlin er ▁Ver kehr s bed ien ung . ▁Ver kehr ste chn ik ▁( 2 9 ▁June ▁ 1 9 2 8 ) ▁ 9 ; ▁ 2 6 : 4 3 7 - 4 3 9 . ▁ ▁Ernst ▁Re uter : ▁Die ▁Gr ünd ung ▁der ▁Berlin er ▁Ver kehr s - A .- G . ▁Ver kehr ste chn ik ▁( 1 4 ▁December ▁ 1 9 2 8 ) ▁ 9 ; ▁ 5 0 : ▁ 9 1 7 - 9 1 9 ▁ ▁Liter ature ▁▁ ▁Wil ly ▁Brand t , ▁Richard ▁L ö w ent hal : ▁Ernst ▁Re uter ▁- ▁Ein ▁Leben ▁für ▁die ▁Fre i heit ▁( E ine ▁polit ische ▁Biographie ). ▁München : ▁Kind ler ▁Ver lag , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Kl aus ▁Har pp recht : ▁Ernst ▁Re uter ▁- ▁Ein ▁Leben ▁für ▁die ▁Fre i heit ▁( E ine ▁Biographie ▁in ▁Bild ern ▁und ▁D ok ument en ). ▁München : ▁Kind
ler ▁Ver lag , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Ernst ▁Re uter . ▁Sch rif ten ▁- ▁ ▁Red en . ▁H g . ▁v . ▁Hans ▁E . ▁Hir sch feld ▁und ▁Hans ▁J . ▁Reich ard t . ▁Vor wort ▁von ▁Wil ly ▁Brand t . ▁B d . ▁ 1 - 4 . ▁Frankfurt ▁am ▁Main ; ▁Berlin ; ▁Wien ▁ 1 9 7 2 - 1 9 7 5 . ▁ ▁David ▁E . ▁Bar cl ay : ▁Sch aut ▁auf ▁diese ▁Stadt ▁/ ▁Der ▁un bek annte ▁Ernst ▁Re uter . ▁Berlin : ▁S ied ler ▁Ver lag , ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁This ▁article ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁corresponding ▁article ▁in ▁the ▁German ▁Wikipedia ▁from ▁ 1 0 ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Ernst ▁Re uter ▁Page ▁of ▁the ▁SPD ▁( G erman ) ▁ ▁Biography ▁( G erman ) ▁ ▁Hon ors ▁for ▁Ernst ▁Re ut ers ▁( G erman ) ▁ ▁Foundation : B ür g erme ister - Re uter - St ift ung ▁ ▁Ernst ▁Re uter ▁Association ▁ ▁Ernst ▁Re uter ▁Foundation ▁for ▁Advanced ▁Study ▁ ▁Category : People ▁from ▁A aben ra a ▁Municip ality ▁Category : G erman ▁military ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁Category : G erman ▁prisoners ▁of ▁war ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁Category : World ▁War ▁I ▁prisoners ▁of ▁war ▁held ▁by ▁Russia ▁Category : B ol she vik s ▁Category
: Comm un ist ▁Party ▁of ▁Germany ▁politicians ▁Category : Ex iles ▁from ▁Nazi ▁Germany ▁Category : G erman ▁social ists ▁Category : G erman ▁anti - commun ists ▁Category : May ors ▁of ▁Berlin ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁Ab ge ord net en haus ▁of ▁Berlin ▁Category : People ▁from ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁Sch les wig - Hol stein ▁Category : S ocial ▁Democratic ▁Party ▁of ▁Germany ▁politicians ▁Category : 1 8 8 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 3 ▁deaths ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁Reich st ag ▁of ▁the ▁We im ar ▁Republic ▁Category : G erman ▁exp atri ates ▁in ▁Turkey <0x0A> </s> ▁R ams au ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁R ams au , ▁Lower ▁Austria ▁R ams au ▁am ▁D ach stein , ▁Austria ▁R ams au ▁bei ▁Ber ch tes g aden , ▁Germany ▁ ▁the ▁German ▁name ▁of ▁, ▁Czech ▁Republic <0x0A> </s> ▁Rom antic ▁R hy th ms ▁Music ▁Festival ▁is ▁a ▁music ▁festival ▁that ▁is ▁set ▁to ▁take ▁place ▁in ▁Ant igua ▁and ▁Barb uda ▁every ▁year ▁during ▁the ▁slow ▁tour ism ▁season ▁of ▁May / J une . ▁The ▁inaug ural ▁festival ▁took ▁place ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 3 ▁to ▁ 1 6 ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁Head lin ers ▁then ▁included ▁Key sh ia ▁Cole , ▁Sh ag gy , ▁Lion el ▁Rich ie , ▁Ken ny ▁Rogers , ▁Mus iq ▁Soul child , ▁Dam ian ▁Mar ley , ▁Dest ra ▁Gar cia , ▁Brian
▁McK night ▁and ▁Max i ▁Pri est . ▁The ▁first ▁festival ▁took ▁place ▁at ▁the ▁Sir ▁Viv ian ▁Rich ards ▁Cr icket ▁Ground s ▁built ▁for ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Cr icket ▁World ▁Cup . ▁ ▁Or ig ins ▁Ant igua ▁and ▁Barb uda , ▁award ▁winning ▁destination ▁for ▁Wed dings ▁and ▁H one ym oons , ▁will ▁burst ▁onto ▁the ▁entertainment ▁scene ▁as ▁the ▁ep it ome ▁of ▁romance , ▁when ▁The ▁Rom antic ▁R hy th ms ▁Festival ▁is ▁launched ▁during ▁the ▁month ▁of ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁Music ▁af icion ados ▁will ▁fall ▁in ▁love ▁as ▁the ▁l yr ical ▁beauty ▁eng ul fs ▁the ▁entire ▁destination , ▁spreading ▁peace , ▁love ▁and ▁unity ▁to ▁locals ▁and ▁visitors ▁alike . ▁- ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁festival ▁prom o . ▁ ▁The ▁Music ▁Festival ▁was ▁the ▁brain child ▁of ▁the ▁Ant igua ▁Minister ▁of ▁Tour ism , ▁Harold ▁Lov ell , ▁his ▁team ▁and ▁the ▁chairman ▁of ▁the ▁festival ▁board , ▁Dr . ▁Al vin ▁Edwards . ▁The ▁festival ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁" shot ▁in ▁the ▁arm " ▁for ▁the ▁tour ism ▁sl ump ▁around ▁the ▁months ▁of ▁May ▁and ▁June . ▁It ▁was ▁meant ▁to ▁keep ▁a ▁steady ▁flow ▁of ▁visitors ▁into ▁Ant igua ▁between ▁Ant igua ▁S ailing ▁Week ▁in ▁April ▁and ▁Ant igua ▁Carn ival ▁in ▁July / Aug ust . ▁ ▁The ▁original ▁festival ▁cost ▁a ▁reported ▁US $ 2 ▁Mill ion ▁to ▁host . ▁ ▁Location ▁Full ▁article : ▁Sir ▁Viv
ian ▁Rich ards ▁Cr icket ▁Ground s ▁ ▁Sir ▁Viv ian ▁Rich ards ▁Stadium ▁is ▁a ▁multi - use , ▁world ▁class ▁ultra - mod ern ▁stadium ▁in ▁North ▁Sound , ▁Ant igua ▁and ▁Barb uda , ▁named ▁after ▁Viv ▁Rich ards . ▁It ▁was ▁built ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Cr icket ▁World ▁Cup ▁where ▁it ▁hosted ▁Super ▁ 8 ▁matches . ▁It ▁holds ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁people ▁normally , ▁but ▁temporary ▁se ating ▁dou bled ▁its ▁capacity ▁for ▁the ▁I CC ▁Cr icket ▁World ▁Cup ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁Its ▁construction ▁was ▁fin anced ▁by ▁China . ▁ ▁The ▁stadium ▁is ▁strateg ically ▁built ▁on ▁a ▁site ▁approximately ▁ 1 0 – 2 0 ▁minutes ▁drive ▁from ▁the ▁capital ▁city ▁St . ▁John ' s ▁and ▁the ▁country ' s ▁international ▁airport ▁( VC ▁Bird ▁International ▁Airport ). ▁The ▁venue ▁cost ▁an ▁estimated ▁US $ 6 0 ▁million ▁to ▁build , ▁with ▁the ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁funds ▁comes ▁from ▁the ▁Chinese ▁Government ▁grant . ▁ ▁Past ▁Per form ers ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Rom antic ▁R hy th ms ▁Music ▁Festival ▁website ▁ ▁Category : Ant igua ▁and ▁Barb uda ▁culture ▁Category : Music ▁fest ivals ▁in ▁the ▁Caribbean ▁Category : Music ▁fest ivals ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 <0x0A> </s> ▁K ie zie ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁administrative ▁district ▁of ▁G mina ▁Ster dy ń , ▁within ▁S oko ł ów ▁County , ▁Mas ov
ian ▁Vo iv odes hip , ▁in ▁east - cent ral ▁Poland . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁K ie zie <0x0A> </s> ▁Pro tu ot rov ▁( English ▁translation : ▁Ant id ote ) ▁is ▁the ▁fifth ▁studio ▁album ▁by ▁Bos n ian ▁rap per ▁F ren kie . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁Tr acks ▁listing ▁ ▁Category : F ren kie ▁albums ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁K uz uz ang po ▁Tour ▁was ▁Bh ut an ' s ▁first ▁concert ▁tour ▁by ▁rap per ▁Ke z ang ▁Dor ji . ▁The ▁tour ▁began ▁on ▁September ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁at ▁Par o ▁and ▁concluded ▁on ▁October ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁in ▁Th im ph u . ▁With ▁the ▁K uz uz ang po ▁Tour , ▁Ke z ang ▁made ▁history ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁ever ▁Bh ut an ese ▁artist ▁to ▁tour ▁the ▁country ▁as ▁a ▁solo ▁artist . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁Ke z ang ▁Dor ji ▁shared ▁with ▁Ku ens el ▁that ▁he ▁always ▁dream t ▁of ▁tour ing ▁the ▁country ▁as ▁a ▁Bh ut an ese ▁rap per . ▁He ▁had ▁spent ▁a ▁long ▁time ▁working ▁on ▁it ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁he ▁decided ▁to ▁do ▁the ▁tour . ▁ ▁The ▁rap per ▁took ▁the ▁initiative ▁to ▁see ▁if ▁concert ▁tours ▁in ▁Bh ut an ▁would ▁work . ▁He ▁mentioned
▁in ▁a ▁post - t our ▁interview ▁that ▁he ▁wanted ▁his ▁tour ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁pilot ▁test ▁for ▁other ▁accomplished ▁sing ers ▁that ▁have ▁contributed ▁a ▁lot ▁to ▁the ▁music ▁industry ▁in ▁Bh ut an . ▁If ▁his ▁tour ▁succeeded ▁or ▁failed , ▁it ▁will ▁be ▁a ▁lesson ▁for ▁all ▁the ▁other ▁artists . ▁ ▁The ▁tour ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁step ▁towards ▁achieving ▁a ▁stronger ▁and ▁more ▁independent ▁Bh ut an ese ▁music ▁industry . ▁ ▁While ▁on ▁tour ▁Ke z ang ▁also ▁don ated ▁story books ▁to ▁schools ▁and ▁children . ▁ ▁The ▁tour ▁was ▁hosted ▁in ▁ 1 2 ▁ven ues ▁in ▁nine ▁districts ▁of ▁Bh ut an . ▁ ▁Sh ows ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Con cert ▁tours ▁of ▁Asia ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁concert ▁tours ▁Category : B h ut an ese ▁hip ▁hop <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Culture ▁( A br v : ▁MO C ; ▁, ▁), ▁is ▁a ▁Th ai ▁government ▁body ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁overs ight ▁of ▁culture , ▁religion , ▁and ▁art ▁in ▁Thailand . ▁Its ▁F Y 2 0 1 9 ▁budget ▁is ▁ 8 , 2 0 9 . 4 ▁million ▁ba ht . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁Division ▁of ▁Culture ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁under ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁it ▁became ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Culture ▁with ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁as ▁a ▁sub ord inate ▁agency . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁it
▁was ▁renamed ▁the ▁Division ▁of ▁Culture ▁and ▁placed ▁under ▁the ▁a eg is ▁of ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Education ▁( MO E ). ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁it ▁was ▁re - est ab lished ▁as ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Culture . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁It tip ol ▁Kh un pl u em , ▁a ▁former ▁mayor ▁of ▁P att aya , ▁was ▁appointed ▁Minister ▁of ▁Culture . ▁ ▁Department al ▁organisation ▁ ▁Office ▁of ▁the ▁Minister ▁ ▁Office ▁of ▁the ▁P erman ent ▁Secretary ▁Provinc ial ▁Cultural ▁Office ▁Relig ion ▁Affairs ▁Department ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁Department ▁National ▁Library ▁of ▁Thailand ▁National ▁Archives ▁of ▁Thailand ▁is ▁a ▁Th ai ▁government ▁agency ▁under ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁Department , ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 6 ▁( B . E . ▁ 2 4 5 9 ) ▁as ▁a ▁section ▁of ▁National ▁Library ▁of ▁Thailand . ▁It ▁has ▁function ed ▁as ▁a ▁division ▁of ▁the ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁department ▁since ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁( B . E . ▁ 2 4 9 5 ). ▁ ▁Per forming ▁Arts ▁Office ▁Department ▁of ▁Cultural ▁Prom otion ▁Film ▁C ens orship ▁Board ▁( FC B ) ▁Office ▁of ▁Cont emporary ▁Art ▁and ▁Culture ▁Bund it pat anas il pa ▁Institute ▁ ▁Associ ated ▁organizations ▁Princess ▁Mah a ▁Ch ak ri ▁Sir ind horn ▁Anth rop ology ▁Centre ▁Th ai ▁Film ▁Arch ive ▁Mor al ▁Prom otion ▁Center ▁Office ▁of ▁Media ▁Fund ▁ ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Th ai ▁Nation ▁Thailand ' s ▁military ▁jun
ta ▁was ▁critic ized ▁for ▁a ▁history ▁text book ▁it ▁ordered ▁written ▁by ▁the ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁Department ▁of ▁the ▁ministry . ▁The ▁book , ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Th ai ▁Nation , ▁ ▁claims ▁that ▁the ▁military ▁has ▁established ▁" true ▁democracy " ▁in ▁Thailand ▁and ▁has ▁eliminated ▁corruption . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁the ▁ministry ' s ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁Department ▁published ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Th ai ▁Nation ▁( ; ▁) ▁at ▁the ▁order ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Council ▁for ▁Peace ▁and ▁Order ▁( NC PO ). ▁The ▁NC PO ▁wanted ▁a ▁new ▁history ▁book ▁covering ▁the ▁past ▁ 4 0 0 ▁years ▁to ▁foster ▁" n ational ▁reconc iliation ". ▁The ▁book ▁was ▁written ▁in ▁two ▁months . ▁On ▁page ▁ 1 9 5 , ▁the ▁text ▁reads , ▁" Gen ▁Pray ut ▁Ch an - o - cha ▁as ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁has ▁carried ▁out ▁a ▁policy ▁of ▁reform ing ▁the ▁country , ▁reform ing ▁politics ▁to ▁be ▁truly ▁a ▁democracy , ▁elim inating ▁corruption ▁and ▁using ▁moral ▁principles ▁to ▁lead ▁the ▁country ▁to ▁be ▁truly ▁a ▁democracy ." ▁On ▁page ▁ 1 9 7 ▁it ▁goes ▁on ▁to ▁say , ▁" After ▁the ▁coup ▁d ' et at , ▁Gen ▁Pray ut ▁became ▁prime ▁minister . ▁He ▁has ▁tried ▁to ▁develop ▁the ▁country ▁and ▁reform ▁Th ai ▁politics ▁into ▁a ▁real ▁democracy . ▁Gen ▁Pray ut ▁has ▁used ▁moral ▁principles ▁and ▁st amped ▁out ▁corruption ▁to ▁return ▁democracy ▁to ▁the ▁country ." ▁The ▁book ▁maint ains ▁that ▁the ▁NC PO ▁was
▁forced ▁to ▁stage ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁coup ▁to ▁end ▁the ▁political ▁chaos ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁civilian ▁government ▁of ▁the ▁time . ▁Ten ▁thousand ▁copies ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁were ▁published ▁at ▁a ▁cost ▁of ▁one ▁million ▁ba ht . ▁Twenty ▁copies ▁aut ograp hed ▁by ▁Pray ut ▁were ▁sold ▁at ▁the ▁launch . ▁In ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁the ▁prime ▁minister ▁ordered ▁the ▁Fine ▁Arts ▁Department ▁to ▁send ▁ 1 0 0 ▁copies ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁to ▁each ▁of ▁Thailand ' s ▁provin ces . ▁A ▁leading ▁critic ▁of ▁the ▁jun ta ▁charged ▁that , ▁" The ▁content ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁is ▁mis leading ▁and ▁it ▁will ▁lead ▁to ▁the ▁dist ortion ▁of ▁the ▁country ' s ▁history ▁[ if ▁not ▁corrected ] ." ▁The ▁culture ▁ministry ▁plans ▁to ▁translate ▁the ▁book ▁to ▁English ▁for ▁distribution ▁to ▁Th ai ▁emb ass ies ▁worldwide . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Cab inet ▁of ▁Thailand ▁List ▁of ▁Government ▁Minister s ▁of ▁Thailand ▁Government ▁of ▁Thailand ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Culture ▁Category : Th ai ▁culture ▁Category : Rel ig ion ▁in ▁Thailand ▁Category : Ar ts ▁in ▁Thailand ▁Thailand <0x0A> </s> ▁M umb ai ▁Tig ers ▁Football ▁Club ▁was ▁an ▁Indian ▁football ▁club ▁was ▁located ▁in ▁M umb ai , ▁Mah ar as ht ra . ▁The ▁club ▁were ▁formed ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁as ▁Dod sal ▁Football ▁Club ▁with ▁the ▁aim ▁of ▁becoming ▁the ▁biggest ▁football ▁club ▁in ▁India ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁biggest ▁in ▁Asia . ▁
▁History ▁Tow ards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁Indian ▁owned ▁company ▁Dod sal ▁Group ▁wanted ▁to ▁start ▁a ▁football ▁club ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁M umb ai ▁and ▁name ▁it ▁Dod sal ▁Football ▁Club . ▁The ▁club ▁registered ▁with ▁the ▁M umb ai ▁District ▁Football ▁Association ▁and ▁quickly ▁outlined ▁that ▁their ▁main ▁goal ▁would ▁be ▁to ▁qualify ▁for ▁the ▁I - Le ague , ▁which ▁is ▁India ' s ▁top ▁football ▁competition , ▁by ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁The ▁club ▁is ▁supposed ▁to ▁be ▁run ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁way ▁Manchester ▁City ▁F . C . ▁of ▁the ▁Premier ▁League ▁is ▁run , ▁as ▁company ▁chairman ▁Raj en ▁Kil ach and ▁is ▁in ▁touch ▁with ▁City ▁owner ▁She ikh ▁Mans our . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 8 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁Dod sal ▁would ▁play ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Dur and ▁Cup ▁and ▁thus ▁their ▁first ▁ever ▁professional ▁tournament ▁at ▁the ▁national ▁stage . ▁The ▁club ▁played ▁their ▁first ▁ever ▁official ▁game ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁against ▁Army ▁Red ▁at ▁the ▁Amb ed kar ▁Stadium ▁in ▁Delhi ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁club ▁won ▁the ▁match ▁ 3 – 0 ▁with ▁Th oi ▁Singh ▁becoming ▁the ▁first ▁player ▁to ▁ever ▁score ▁for ▁the ▁club ▁in ▁the ▁ 6 6 th ▁minute . ▁The ▁club ▁then ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Dur and ▁Cup ▁Final ▁in ▁which ▁they
▁lost ▁ 3 – 2 ▁on ▁pen alties ▁to ▁then - current ▁I - Le ague ▁club ▁Air ▁India ▁FC . ▁ ▁Then ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁it ▁was ▁officially ▁announced ▁that ▁the ▁club ▁would ▁participate ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁I - Le ague ▁ 2 nd ▁Division ▁with ▁the ▁goal ▁of ▁winning ▁and ▁gaining ▁promotion ▁to ▁the ▁I - Le ague ▁and ▁while ▁doing ▁so ▁the ▁club ▁also ▁changed ▁their ▁name ▁to ▁the ▁M umb ai ▁Tig ers ▁Football ▁Club ▁so ▁they ▁could ▁potentially ▁form ▁a ▁connection ▁between ▁them ▁and ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁M umb ai . ▁Tig ers ▁gained ▁direct ▁entry ▁to ▁the ▁I - Le ague ▁by ▁b idding ▁for ▁a ▁spot ▁but ▁a ▁week ▁before ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 - 1 4 ▁season ▁began ▁they ▁pulled ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁league ▁and ▁shut ▁their ▁senior ▁team ▁operations . ▁ ▁Stadium ▁The ▁club ▁do ▁not ▁have ▁an ▁official ▁stadium ▁yet ▁as ▁the ▁M umb ai ▁Football ▁League ▁and ▁the ▁Dur and ▁Cup ▁are ▁played ▁at ▁neutral ▁ven ues ▁but ▁the ▁club ▁has ▁already ▁set ▁up ▁a ▁training ▁ground ▁at ▁the ▁Fr . ▁Angel ▁High ▁School ▁sports ▁complex . ▁The ▁Sports ▁Complex ▁is ▁well ▁known ▁for ▁its ▁artificial ▁tur f ▁field . ▁The ▁Sports ▁Complex ▁is ▁also ▁known ▁for ▁its ▁fitness ▁gym ▁and ▁swimming ▁pool . ▁ ▁Players ▁ ▁First - team ▁squad ▁ ▁Current ▁technical ▁staff ▁As ▁of ▁ 1 ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links
▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁logo ▁ ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁clubs ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Category : Foot ball ▁clubs ▁in ▁M umb ai ▁Category : 2 0 1 2 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁India ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁clubs ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Category : 2 0 1 4 ▁dis est ablish ments ▁in ▁India <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Cro at ian ▁H els ink i ▁Committee ▁for ▁Human ▁Rights ▁( CH C ; ▁, ▁H HO ) ▁is ▁an ▁organisation ▁founded ▁to ▁protect ▁and ▁promote ▁human ▁rights ▁in ▁Cro at ia . ▁It ▁was ▁founded ▁on ▁ 3 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁first ▁as ▁a ▁branch ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁H els ink i ▁Federation , ▁and , ▁since ▁ 1 4 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁as ▁a ▁local ▁N GO ▁under ▁Cro at ian ▁law , ▁by ▁independent ▁intellect uals , ▁artists , ▁lawyers , ▁and ▁journalists ▁committed ▁to ▁the ▁protection ▁and ▁promotion ▁of ▁human ▁rights . ▁ ▁Go als ▁It ▁has ▁publicly ▁declared ▁itself ▁dedicated ▁to ▁the ▁following ▁goals : ▁ ▁Support , ▁promote ▁and ▁implement ▁the ▁principles ▁of ▁the ▁Final ▁Act ▁of ▁Conference ▁of ▁Security ▁and ▁Co - operation ▁in ▁Europe , ▁signed ▁in ▁H els ink i ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁and ▁all ▁documents ▁resulting ▁from ▁this ▁Act : ▁support , ▁promote ▁and ▁implement ▁principles ▁of ▁the ▁UN ▁relating ▁to ▁human ▁issues , ▁and ▁implement ▁in ▁practice
▁the ▁documents ▁of ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Europe ; ▁ ▁Support ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁democratic ▁institutions , ▁and ▁promote ▁the ▁rule ▁of ▁law , ▁human ▁rights , ▁and ▁education ▁for ▁these ▁values ; ▁ ▁Organ ise ▁research ▁and ▁documentation ▁regarding ▁human ▁rights ▁in ▁Cro at ia ; ▁ ▁Help ▁victims ▁of ▁viol ations ▁of ▁human ▁rights ▁and ▁those ▁whose ▁rights ▁are ▁threatened . ▁ ▁Members ▁and ▁employees ▁Cro at ian ▁H els ink i ▁Committee ▁for ▁Human ▁Rights ▁is ▁an ▁association ▁of ▁up ▁to ▁ 3 0 ▁members ▁committed ▁to ▁protection ▁and ▁promotion ▁of ▁human ▁rights . ▁Its ▁professional ▁office ▁involves ▁ 1 0 ▁employees . ▁Members hip ▁in ▁the ▁organisation ▁and ▁paid ▁work ▁are ▁strictly ▁separated ; ▁the ▁members ▁( including ▁the ▁Chairman , ▁lawyers , ▁etc .) ▁work ▁on ▁a ▁strictly ▁volunt ary ▁basis , ▁and ▁employees ▁are ▁not ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁association . ▁ ▁Field ▁offices ▁Besides ▁the ▁central ▁office ▁in ▁Zag reb ▁CH C ▁also ▁keeps ▁four ▁field ▁offices ▁( Sl av onia / Os ij ek ; ▁V uk ov ar / K arl ov ac ; ▁Kn in , ▁S plit / ▁Dub rov nik ), ▁by ▁which ▁it ▁ensures ▁coverage ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁critical ▁areas ▁of ▁the ▁country , ▁notably ▁the ▁areas ▁that ▁were ▁directly ▁affected ▁by ▁the ▁war ▁ 1 9 9 1 - 9 5 . ▁CH C ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁H els ink i ▁Federation , ▁the ▁Human ▁Rights ▁House ▁Network , ▁and ▁the ▁B alk an ▁Human ▁Rights ▁Network ;
▁it ▁cooper ates ▁with ▁Cro at ian ▁jud ici ary , ▁public ▁administration ▁and ▁other ▁relevant ▁institutions , ▁both ▁in ▁dealing ▁with ▁cases ▁of ▁viol ations ▁of ▁human ▁rights ▁and ▁in ▁developing ▁new ▁system ic ▁solutions . ▁ ▁Results ▁▁ ▁Human ▁rights ▁viol ations ▁cases ▁dealt ▁with ▁each ▁year , ▁based ▁on ▁inter ventions ▁at ▁responsible ▁instances ▁of ▁the ▁system , ▁lobby ing , ▁actions ▁in ▁public , ▁and ▁cooperation ▁with ▁relevant ▁authorities ▁ ▁Education ▁for ▁human ▁rights ▁for ▁youth , ▁thereby ▁compens ating ▁for ▁the ▁absence ▁of ▁the ▁topics ▁of ▁human ▁rights ▁in ▁Cro at ian ▁cur ric ula ; ▁ ▁education ▁on ▁human ▁rights ▁for ▁young ▁professionals / future ▁decision ▁m akers ▁in ▁South - E astern ▁Europe ▁– ▁in ▁cooperation ▁with ▁the ▁B alk an ▁Human ▁Rights ▁Network ▁( seven ▁schools , ▁involving ▁ 3 0 ▁participants ▁each , ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 1 – 0 7 ); ▁the ▁Summer ▁Schools ▁of ▁Human ▁Rights : ▁education ▁on ▁particular ▁issues ▁of ▁human ▁rights ▁for ▁activ ists ▁of ▁civil ▁society , ▁journalists , ▁MP s ▁and ▁civil ▁servants ▁in ▁Cro at ia ▁and ▁other ▁post - Y ug oslav ▁countries ▁▁ ▁Advanced ▁education ▁for ▁jud ici ary ▁( jud ges , ▁public ▁att orneys ▁etc .), ▁subsequently ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁Jud icial ▁Academy ; ▁human ▁rights ▁man uals ▁for ▁the ▁police ▁and ▁citizens , ▁in ▁cooperation ▁with ▁the ▁Police ▁Academy ▁( owing ▁to ▁which ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁human ▁rights ▁was ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁cur ric ula ▁of ▁the ▁Academy ) ▁▁
▁Adv oc ating ▁legislation ▁relevant ▁to ▁human ▁rights . ▁The ▁Freedom ▁of ▁Information ▁Act ▁was ▁adopted ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁advoc acy ▁of ▁an ▁N GO ▁coalition ▁coord inated ▁by ▁CH C ; ▁the ▁Act ▁makes ▁it ▁possible ▁to ▁demand ▁trans parency ▁and ▁account ability ▁much ▁more ▁efficiently . ▁ ▁The ▁draft ▁Act ▁on ▁Political ▁Part ies ▁was ▁proposed ▁to ▁the ▁Parliament , ▁but ▁was ▁rejected ; ▁although ▁formally ▁un successful , ▁this ▁campaign ▁was ▁well ▁recognised ▁in ▁media , ▁and ▁effectively ▁dis closed ▁the ▁resistance ▁of ▁the ▁entire ▁political ▁elite ▁( reg ardless ▁of ▁party ▁affili ation ) ▁to ▁trans parency ▁with ▁regard ▁to ▁internal ▁democracy , ▁fin ances , ▁distribution ▁of ▁elect oral ▁candid acies ▁or ▁influential ▁positions ▁etc . ▁Recently , ▁ ▁CH C ▁has ▁been ▁involved ▁in ▁prepar ations ▁of ▁draft ▁laws ▁against ▁discrimination ▁and ▁on ▁free ▁legal ▁aid ▁ ▁Monitor ing ▁freedom ▁of ▁information ▁and ▁expression , ▁defence ▁of ▁rights ▁of ▁journalists , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁of ▁persons ▁whose ▁rights ▁have ▁been ▁viol ated ▁by ▁media ▁( priv acy , ▁personal ▁dignity , ▁etc .) ▁ ▁Document ation ▁of ▁civilian ▁victims ▁of ▁the ▁military ▁operations ▁" Bl jes ak " ▁(" Fl ash ") ▁and ▁" O lu ja " ▁(" St orm ") ▁in ▁May ▁and ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁ ▁Monitor ing ▁trials ▁of ▁war ▁crim inals ▁in ▁Cro at ia ▁▁▁ ▁In ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁the ▁CH C ▁was ▁selected ▁by ▁the ▁EU ▁Monitor ing ▁Centre ▁on ▁R ac
ism ▁and ▁X en oph ob ia ▁as ▁the ▁National ▁F ocal ▁Point ▁for ▁Cro at ia , ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁its ▁involvement ▁in ▁monitoring ▁and ▁protection ▁of ▁human ▁rights , ▁particularly ▁ethnic ▁minor ities . ▁ ▁Pres idents ▁▁ 1 9 9 3 – 1 9 9 8 ▁- ▁Ivan ▁Z v on imir ▁Č ič ak ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 – 2 0 0 7 ▁- ▁Ž ark o ▁P uh ov ski ▁▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁- ▁Dan ij el ▁I vin ▁▁ 2 0 0 7 – 2 0 0 9 ▁- ▁I vo ▁Ban ac ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 – present ▁- ▁Ivan ▁Z v on imir ▁Č ič ak ▁ ▁Foot notes ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Cro at ian ▁H els ink i ▁Committee ▁ ▁Category : H uman ▁rights ▁organizations ▁based ▁in ▁Cro at ia ▁Category : Organ izations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Category : 1 9 9 3 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Cro at ia <0x0A> </s> ▁Ann ▁and ▁Am elia ▁was ▁a ▁three - de cker ▁merchant ▁ship ▁launched ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 1 . ▁The ▁British ▁East ▁India ▁Company ▁( E IC ) ▁twice ▁employed ▁her ▁as ▁an ▁" extra ▁ship ", ▁first ▁when ▁she ▁went ▁out ▁to ▁India ▁to ▁sail ▁in ▁trade ▁in ▁that ▁market , ▁and ▁again ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 3 ▁when ▁she ▁s ailed ▁back ▁from ▁India ▁to ▁Britain . ▁On ▁her ▁return ▁to ▁Britain ▁the ▁Admiral ty ▁purchased ▁her
▁in ▁June ▁ 1 8 0 4 ▁and ▁converted ▁her ▁to ▁a ▁ 4 4 - gun ▁fifth ▁rate ▁with ▁the ▁name ▁H MS ▁Med i ator . ▁The ▁Navy ▁converted ▁her ▁to ▁a ▁stores hip ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 8 , ▁but ▁then ▁expend ed ▁her ▁as ▁a ▁fires hip ▁at ▁the ▁battle ▁of ▁the ▁Bas que ▁Road s ▁in ▁April ▁ 1 8 0 9 . ▁ ▁Ann ▁and ▁Am elia ▁ ▁After ▁her ▁launch ▁at ▁Whit by ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 1 , ▁Ann ▁and ▁Am elia , ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁Captain ▁John ▁P oph am , ▁was ▁at ▁The ▁Down s ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁January ▁ 1 7 8 2 . ▁She ▁left ▁British ▁waters ▁on ▁ 6 ▁February ▁ 1 7 8 1 ▁for ▁India . ▁She ▁was ▁to ▁remain ▁there ▁in ▁the ▁local ▁and ▁Far ▁East ▁trade . ▁ ▁She ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁transport ▁or ▁tro op ship ▁to ▁support ▁Major - General ▁Sir ▁David ▁B air d ' s ▁expedition ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 0 ▁to ▁the ▁Red ▁Sea . ▁B air d ▁was ▁in ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁Indian ▁army ▁that ▁was ▁going ▁to ▁Egypt ▁to ▁help ▁General ▁Ralph ▁Aber c rom by ▁exp el ▁the ▁French ▁there . ▁B air d ▁landed ▁at ▁Kos se ir , ▁on ▁the ▁Egyptian ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁Sea . ▁He ▁then ▁led ▁his ▁troops ▁army ▁across ▁the ▁desert ▁to ▁K ena ▁on ▁the ▁N ile , ▁and ▁then ▁to ▁C airo . ▁He
▁arrived ▁before ▁Alexand ria ▁in ▁time ▁for ▁the ▁final ▁operations . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 0 3 ▁the ▁E IC ▁employed ▁Ann ▁and ▁Am elia ▁again , ▁this ▁time ▁to ▁take ▁a ▁cargo ▁from ▁Beng al ▁to ▁Britain . ▁She ▁left ▁Sau gor ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁January ▁ 1 8 0 3 . ▁She ▁reached ▁Cor ing a ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁February , ▁and ▁Mad ras ▁on ▁ 1 1 ▁March . ▁She ▁then ▁reached ▁St ▁Hel ena ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁July , ▁and ▁Y arm outh ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁September , ▁before ▁arriving ▁at ▁The ▁Down s ▁on ▁ 3 ▁October . ▁ ▁H MS ▁Med i ator ▁In ▁June – J uly ▁ 1 8 0 4 ▁Med i ator ▁under w ent ▁fitting ▁by ▁B rent , ▁of ▁R other hit he . ▁Then ▁she ▁under w ent ▁further ▁fitting ▁between ▁July ▁and ▁October , ▁but ▁at ▁De pt ford ▁D ock yard . ▁Her ▁measurements , ▁and ▁hence ▁b urt hen , ▁increased . ▁ ▁Captain ▁Thomas ▁Living stone ▁commissioned ▁Med i ator ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 8 0 4 ▁for ▁the ▁North ▁Sea . ▁Captain ▁John ▁Se ater ▁replaced ▁Living stone ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 8 0 5 , ▁and ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁February ▁s ailed ▁towards ▁the ▁East ▁Ind ies . ▁Equ ally , ▁on ▁ 1 7 ▁February , ▁Med i ator ▁esc orted ▁a ▁conv oy ▁of ▁Ind iam en ▁out ▁of ▁Port sm outh . ▁She ▁esc orted
▁them ▁as ▁far ▁as ▁St ▁Hel ena ▁and ▁then ▁returned ▁to ▁Britain ▁in ▁September . ▁ ▁On ▁ 3 ▁March ▁ 1 8 0 6 , ▁Med i ator ▁and ▁ ▁left ▁C ork , ▁escort ing ▁a ▁conv oy ▁for ▁the ▁West ▁Ind ies . ▁The ▁conv oy ▁was ▁reported ▁" all ▁well " ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁March ▁at ▁. ▁ ▁In ▁May ▁ 1 8 0 6 ▁Med i ator ▁was ▁on ▁the ▁Jama ica ▁Station . ▁Se ater ▁died ▁about ▁that ▁time , ▁and ▁Captain ▁William ▁W ise ▁replaced ▁him . ▁On ▁ 1 4 ▁November , ▁W ise ▁and ▁Med i ator ▁captured ▁West ▁Indian . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 4 ▁February ▁ 1 8 0 7 ▁Captain ▁W ise ▁and ▁Med i ator ▁fell ▁in ▁with ▁B ac ch ante , ▁Commander ▁James ▁D ac res , ▁in ▁the ▁Mon a ▁Pass age . ▁D ac res ▁also ▁had ▁the ▁French ▁sch oon er ▁D au ph in , ▁which ▁he ▁had ▁just ▁captured . ▁Med i ator ▁and ▁B ac ch ante ▁were ▁pat rolling , ▁looking ▁for ▁French ▁war ships ▁and ▁private ers , ▁so ▁D ac res ▁took ▁Med i ator ▁under ▁his ▁command ▁and ▁hat ched ▁a ▁plan ▁to ▁raid ▁the ▁port ▁of ▁Sam ana , ▁" that ▁nest ▁of ▁private ers ". ▁D ac res ▁had ▁D au ph in ▁come ▁into ▁the ▁har bour ▁there ▁under ▁her ▁French ▁flag , ▁with ▁B ac ch ante ▁disgu ised ▁as ▁her ▁prize ,
▁and ▁Med i ator , ▁a ▁former ▁merchant man , ▁appearing ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁neutral ▁ship . ▁This ▁strat agem ▁permitted ▁the ▁British ▁vessels ▁to ▁come ▁into ▁the ▁har bour ▁and ▁anchor ▁within ▁a ▁half ▁a ▁mile ▁of ▁the ▁fort ▁before ▁the ▁enemy ▁realized ▁that ▁vessels ▁were ▁British ▁war ships . ▁After ▁a ▁four - hour ▁exchange ▁of ▁fire ▁with ▁a ▁fort ▁there , ▁man ned ▁primarily ▁by ▁men ▁from ▁the ▁private ers ▁in ▁the ▁har bour , ▁the ▁fort ▁fell ▁to ▁a ▁land ▁attack ▁by ▁the ▁se amen ▁and ▁mar ines ▁from ▁B ac ch ante ▁and ▁Med i ator , ▁the ▁landing ▁party ▁being ▁under ▁W ise ' s ▁command . ▁The ▁British ▁captured ▁two ▁French ▁sch oon ers ▁under going ▁fitting ▁as ▁private ers , ▁and ▁an ▁American ▁ship ▁and ▁a ▁British ▁sch oon er , ▁both ▁pri zes ▁to ▁French ▁private ers . ▁Before ▁they ▁left ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁February , ▁the ▁British ▁destroyed ▁the ▁fort ▁and ▁its ▁guns . ▁In ▁the ▁attack , ▁D ac res ▁had ▁four ▁men ▁wounded . ▁W ise ▁had ▁two ▁men ▁killed ▁and ▁ 1 2 ▁wounded ▁as ▁Med i ator ▁had ▁been ▁more ▁heavily ▁engaged ▁than ▁B ac ch ante ▁in ▁the ▁exchange ▁of ▁fire ▁with ▁the ▁fort . ▁D ac res ▁estimated ▁that ▁French ▁casual ties ▁had ▁been ▁high , ▁but ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁number ▁as ▁the ▁French men ▁took ▁to ▁the ▁woods ▁as ▁the ▁fort ▁fell . ▁ ▁The ▁Lloyd ' s ▁Patri otic ▁Fund , ▁subsequently ▁awarded
▁both ▁D ac res ▁and ▁W ise ▁a ▁sword ▁each ▁worth ▁£ 1 0 0 ▁that ▁bore ▁the ▁in scriptions : ▁ ▁" From ▁the ▁Patri otic ▁Fund ▁at ▁Lloyd ' s ▁to ▁James ▁Richard ▁D ac res ▁E sq r . ▁Capt . ▁of ▁H . M . S . ▁B ac ch ante ▁for ▁his ▁Gall ant ▁Con duct ▁in ▁the ▁Capt ure ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁National ▁Sch oon er ▁D au ph in ▁and ▁the ▁Dest ruction ▁of ▁the ▁Fort ▁and ▁C annon ▁in ▁the ▁Har bour ▁of ▁Sam ana ▁on ▁ 1 6 th ▁February ▁ 1 8 0 7 ▁effect ed ▁by ▁the ▁B ac ch ante ▁in ▁company ▁with ▁H . M . S . ▁Med i ator ▁as ▁Record ed ▁in ▁the ▁London ▁Gaz ette ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 5 th ▁of ▁April ". ▁▁ ▁" From ▁the ▁Patri otic ▁Fund ▁at ▁Lloyd ' s ▁to ▁William ▁F url ong ▁W ise ▁E sq . ▁Capt . ▁of ▁H . M . S . ▁Med i ator ▁for ▁his ▁Gall ant ▁Con duct ▁in ▁Storm ing ▁and ▁Dest ro ying ▁with ▁the ▁Se amen ▁and ▁Mar ines ▁belonging ▁to ▁His ▁Maj esty ' s ▁Sh ips ▁B ac ch ante ▁and ▁Med i ator ▁the ▁Fort ▁and ▁C annon ▁in ▁the ▁Har bour ▁of ▁Sam ana ▁on ▁ 1 6 th ▁of ▁February ▁ 1 8 0 7 ▁as ▁Record ed ▁in ▁the ▁London ▁Gaz ette ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 5 th ▁of ▁April ". ▁
▁In ▁May ▁Med i ator ▁and ▁W ise ▁captured ▁the ▁G rou per ▁on ▁ 3 ▁May ▁and ▁the ▁Dis patch ▁on ▁ 6 ▁May . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 0 7 ▁Captain ▁George ▁Reyn olds ▁replaced ▁W ise , ▁who ▁had ▁become ▁ill ▁and ▁who ▁remained ▁in ▁the ▁West ▁Ind ies ▁for ▁a ▁little ▁while ▁to ▁recuper ate ▁before ▁returning ▁home . ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁year ▁Med i ator ▁had ▁returned ▁to ▁Britain . ▁In ▁ 1 8 0 8 ▁she ▁was ▁fitted ▁as ▁a ▁stores hip ▁and ▁command ▁passed ▁to ▁Captain ▁George ▁Bl ame y . ▁Her ▁role ▁became ▁one ▁of ▁conve ying ▁supplies ▁to ▁the ▁various ▁squad rons ▁block ading ▁French ▁ports . ▁On ▁ 1 5 ▁March ▁ 1 8 0 8 ▁Med i ator ▁rec apt ured ▁the ▁Swedish ▁ship ▁Maria ▁Christ iana . ▁In ▁May ▁ 1 8 0 8 ▁Captain ▁John ▁Pas co ▁managed ▁to ▁obtain ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁Med i ator ▁for ▁three ▁months . ▁ ▁In ▁January ▁ 1 8 0 9 ▁Med i ator ▁was ▁at ▁Cor un na . ▁The ▁battle ▁of ▁Cor un na , ▁which ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁January ▁ 1 8 0 9 , ▁had ▁British ▁troops ▁holding ▁off ▁the ▁French ▁to ▁cover ▁the ▁emb ark ation ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁after ▁its ▁retreat . ▁In ▁this ▁battle ▁Sir ▁John ▁Moore ▁was ▁killed . ▁Med i ator ▁and ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁other ▁war ships ▁and ▁trans ports ▁arrived ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁and
▁ 1 5 ▁January ▁from ▁V igo . ▁ ▁Med i ator ▁took ▁on ▁board ▁a ▁great ▁number ▁of ▁sick ▁and ▁wounded ▁soldiers , ▁and ▁then ▁s ailed ▁to ▁Lis bon . ▁After ▁the ▁evac uation ▁was ▁complete ▁a ▁violent ▁fever ▁and ▁ag ue ▁inf lict ed ▁Bl ame y ▁so ▁the ▁Navy ▁appointed ▁Captain ▁James ▁W ool ridge ▁acting ▁captain ▁until ▁Bl ame y ▁recovered . ▁ ▁F ate : ▁A ▁bl aze ▁of ▁glory ▁On ▁ 1 1 ▁April ▁ 1 8 0 9 ▁W ool ridge , ▁in ▁Med i ator ▁commanded ▁the ▁fl ot illa ▁of ▁fire ▁and ▁explosion ▁ships ▁that ▁the ▁Ad mir als ▁G amb ier ▁and ▁Lord ▁Co chr ane ▁sent ▁in ▁to ▁Bas que ▁Road s ▁to ▁attack ▁the ▁fleet ▁that ▁was ▁array ed ▁there . ▁A ▁fl ot illa ▁of ▁six ▁fires hip s , ▁together ▁with ▁one ▁ship ▁l aden ▁with ▁comb ust ibles , ▁had ▁gathered ▁at ▁Port sm outh ▁but ▁had ▁been ▁unable ▁to ▁sail . ▁G amb ier ▁decided ▁not ▁to ▁wait . ▁He ▁took ▁eight ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁trans ports ▁at ▁his ▁command ▁and ▁converted ▁them ▁to ▁fires hip s . ▁The ▁necessary ▁comb ust ibles ▁came ▁from ▁three ▁French ▁ch asse - mar ées , ▁l aden ▁with ▁tar ▁and ▁ro sin , ▁that ▁the ▁fleet ▁had ▁recently ▁captured . ▁At ▁Lord ▁Co chr ane ' s ▁suggestion , ▁Med i ator ▁too ▁was ▁fitted ▁as ▁a ▁fire - ship . ▁ ▁The ▁fires hip s ▁attacked ▁at
▁ 8 : 3 0 p . m ., ▁but ▁several ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁abandoned ▁when ▁their ▁f uz es ▁started ▁prem ature ly . ▁Med i ator , ▁with ▁the ▁benefit ▁of ▁the ▁wind ▁and ▁a ▁tide ▁running ▁at ▁four ▁kn ots ▁broke ▁through ▁the ▁boom ▁protecting ▁the ▁French ▁fleet . ▁W ool ridge ▁and ▁his ▁ske leton ▁crew ▁barely ▁escaped ▁before ▁she ▁burst ▁into ▁flames . ▁As ▁it ▁was , ▁a ▁gun ner ▁was ▁killed , ▁and ▁W ool ridge , ▁Lieutenant ▁Nicholas ▁B rent ▁C lement s , ▁Lieutenant ▁James ▁Pearl , ▁and ▁se aman ▁Michael ▁Gib son ▁all ▁received ▁burn s ▁when ▁they ▁were ▁blown ▁out ▁of ▁her ▁after ▁she ▁started ▁to ▁burn . ▁ ▁When ▁Bl ame y , ▁who ▁was ▁in ▁sick ▁quarters , ▁heard ▁that ▁Med i ator ▁was ▁going ▁to ▁lead ▁the ▁attack , ▁hurried ▁to ▁join ▁her . ▁However ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁arrive ▁until ▁ 1 2 ▁April . ▁ ▁The ▁battle ▁continued ▁the ▁next ▁day ▁with ▁the ▁French ▁losing ▁four ▁ships - of - the - line ▁and ▁a ▁fr igate . ▁V ille ▁de ▁V ars ovie ▁( 8 0 ), ▁and ▁Aqu ilon ▁( 7 4 ), ▁were ▁both ▁bur nt . ▁Ton ner re ▁( 7 4 ), ▁Cal cut ta ▁( 5 4 ), ▁and ▁ ▁Ind ienne ▁( 4 6 ), ▁were ▁sc utt led . ▁ ▁King ▁George ▁presented ▁W ool ridge ▁with ▁a ▁gold ▁medal ▁and ▁chain , ▁worth ▁£ 1 0 0 , ▁that
▁had ▁been ▁spec ially ▁struck ▁for ▁the ▁occasion . ▁Lloyd ' s ▁Patri otic ▁Fund ▁also ▁presented ▁W ool ridge ▁with ▁a ▁sword ▁worth ▁£ 1 0 0 . ▁Last ly , ▁he ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁post ▁captain . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 4 7 ▁the ▁Admiral ty ▁authorized ▁the ▁award ▁of ▁the ▁Naval ▁General ▁Service ▁Medal ▁with ▁cl asp ▁" Bas que ▁Road s ▁ 1 8 0 9 " ▁to ▁all ▁surviving ▁claim ants ▁from ▁the ▁action . ▁ ▁Notes , ▁cit ations ▁and ▁references ▁Notes ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁A spin all , ▁Arthur ▁( 1 9 6 2 ) ▁The ▁Later ▁Cor respond ence ▁of ▁George ▁III .: ▁December ▁ 1 7 8 3 ▁to ▁January ▁ 1 7 9 3 . ▁( C UP ▁Arch ive ). ▁▁ ▁House ▁of ▁Commons , ▁Parliament , ▁Great ▁Britain ▁( 1 8 1 4 ), ▁Min utes ▁of ▁the ▁Ev idence ▁T aken ▁Before ▁the ▁Select ▁Committee ▁on ▁Pet itions ▁Rel ating ▁to ▁East - Ind ia - Built ▁Sh ipping . ▁( H . M . ▁Station ery ▁Office ) ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 7 8 1 ▁ships ▁Category : Ship s ▁built ▁in ▁Whit by ▁Category : Ship s ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁East ▁India ▁Company ▁Category : Fr ig ates ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Navy ▁Category : A ge ▁of ▁S ail ▁merchant ▁ships ▁Category : Mer chant ▁ships ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : F ires hip s ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Navy
▁Category : Ship w re cks ▁of ▁the ▁B isc ay ▁coast <0x0A> </s> ▁Wes ley ▁Cl int ▁" Big ▁N asty " ▁Mal ott ▁( born ▁October ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 7 6 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁professional ▁ten - pin ▁bow ler ▁who ▁res ides ▁in ▁P fl ug erv ille , ▁Texas . ▁He ▁has ▁won ▁ten ▁P BA ▁Tour ▁titles ▁in ▁ 1 4 ▁full ▁seasons ▁on ▁the ▁P BA ▁tour . ▁He ▁won ▁his ▁l one ▁major ▁championship ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 – 1 3 ▁U . S . ▁Open , ▁and ▁has ▁finished ▁runner - up ▁in ▁five ▁other ▁major ▁P BA ▁tour naments . ▁Mal ott ▁also ▁won ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 – 0 7 ▁Show place ▁L anes ▁Meg ab ucks ▁Sh oot out , ▁which ▁is ▁not ▁a ▁P BA ▁Tour ▁event . ▁▁ ▁Mal ott ▁also ▁owns ▁ 1 8 ▁P BA ▁Regional ▁Tour ▁titles . ▁Through ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁his ▁career ▁P BA ▁Tour ▁earnings ▁have ▁to pped ▁$ 1 . 3 ▁million ▁( U . S .), ▁and ▁he ▁has ▁rolled ▁ 4 1 ▁perfect ▁ 3 0 0 ▁games ▁in ▁P BA ▁Tour ▁events . ▁Wes ▁is ▁a ▁Pro ▁Staff ▁member ▁for ▁R oto ▁G rip ▁bow ling ▁balls , ▁D ex ter ▁shoes ▁and ▁V ise ▁G ri ps . ▁ ▁P BA ▁career ▁ ▁After ▁winning ▁one ▁title ▁each ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 –

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