text
stringlengths 505
4.3k
|
|---|
▁Jay ▁L eno , ▁Sn ap ▁Jud g ment ). ▁The ▁first ▁paid ▁performance ▁after ▁re op ening ▁was ▁Social ▁Dist ortion ▁ ▁The ▁Oak land ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁now ▁serves ▁as ▁a ▁school , ▁restaurant , ▁and ▁prominent ▁live ▁concert ▁venue . ▁It ▁has ▁hosted ▁many ▁conc erts ▁by ▁artists ▁such ▁as ▁B . B . ▁King , ▁Paul ▁Simon , ▁K orn , ▁K yl ie ▁Min ogue , ▁The ▁All man ▁Brothers , ▁W ides pread ▁Pan ic , ▁Bob ▁Dylan , ▁Green ▁Day , ▁Twenty ▁One ▁Pil ots , ▁Marina ▁and ▁the ▁Diam onds , ▁Met all ica , ▁Prim us , ▁Alice ▁in ▁Ch ains , ▁At oms ▁For ▁Peace , ▁Black ▁Star , ▁Lor de , ▁Animal ▁Collect ive , ▁X ▁Japan , ▁The ▁December ists , ▁and ▁Van ▁Mor r ison ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁President ▁Bar ack ▁Obama ▁spoke ▁at ▁the ▁Fox ▁during ▁his ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Re election ▁Campaign . ▁ ▁New ▁Features ▁ ▁The ▁Oak land ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁is ▁the ▁home ▁of ▁the ▁Oak land ▁School ▁for ▁the ▁Arts , ▁a ▁char ter ▁school ▁founded ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁which ▁en roll s ▁students ▁from ▁ 6 - 1 2 th ▁grade ▁special izing ▁in ▁the ▁arts . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Rud y ' s ▁Can ' t ▁Fail ▁Ca fe ▁opened ▁their ▁second ▁location ▁in ▁the ▁building : ▁it ▁is ▁co - owned ▁by ▁Green ▁Day ' s ▁Mike ▁Dir nt . ▁Rud |
y ' s ▁closed ▁on ▁Thursday , ▁July ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Architect ure ▁ ▁With ▁terra ▁cot ta , ▁rich ▁colors , ▁intr icate ▁gold ▁acc ents , ▁and ▁distinctive ▁d ome , ▁the ▁theater ' s ▁design ▁re defined ▁architecture ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s . ▁The ▁interior ▁of ▁the ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁was ▁del ic ately ▁craft ed ▁and ▁said ▁to ▁be ▁described ▁as ▁“ m yst ical ”. ▁With ▁its ▁intr igu ing ▁re sembl ance ▁of ▁an ▁Indian ▁temple , ▁the ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁was ▁a ▁fascinating ▁attribute ▁to ▁downtown ▁Oak land . ▁At ▁this ▁time , ▁the aters ▁across ▁the ▁nation ▁st rived ▁to ▁be ▁more ▁than ▁just ▁a ▁typical ▁building . ▁The ▁designs ▁of ▁various ▁the aters ▁were ▁inspired ▁greatly ▁by ▁Middle ▁Eastern ▁and ▁Indian ▁architecture . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Fox ▁Theater ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁for ▁Fox ▁The at res ▁in ▁other ▁U . S . ▁cities ▁Grand ▁Lake ▁Theatre ▁Param ount ▁Theatre ▁( O ak land , ▁California ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁Bag well , ▁Beth . ▁Oak land : ▁The ▁Story ▁of ▁a ▁City . ▁Oak land ▁Heritage ▁Alliance , ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁Fox ▁Oak land ▁Theatre ▁Rest oration ▁Project . ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁Oct . ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁http :// www . o ak land fox . com . ▁ ▁Friends ▁of ▁the ▁Oak land ▁Fox . ▁ 2 0 |
0 4 - 2 0 0 9 . ▁Oct . ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁http :// www . fox o ak land . org . ▁ ▁" K yl ie ▁Min ogue ▁pre ps ▁for ▁first ▁ever ▁North ▁American ▁tour ." ▁Live ▁Daily . ▁ 6 ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁Oct . ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁ ▁Oak land ▁School ▁for ▁the ▁Arts . ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁Oct . ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁website . ▁ ▁The ▁Fox ▁Oak land . ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁Another ▁Plan et . ▁Oct . ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Fox ▁Oak land . com . ▁ ▁" O ak land ' s ▁Historic ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁Re opens ." ▁CBS ▁Channel ▁ 5 , ▁ 5 ▁Feb . ▁ 2 0 0 9 ; ▁Oct . ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁The ▁Oak land ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁website ▁Friends ▁of ▁the ▁Oak land ▁Fox ▁website ▁Oak land ▁Fox ▁Theatre ▁at ▁Cin ema ▁Tre asures ▁Fox ▁Oak land ▁Theatre ▁Rest oration ▁Project ▁ ▁Category : M ovie ▁pal aces ▁Category : The at res ▁in ▁Oak land , ▁California ▁Category : C in em as ▁and ▁movie ▁the aters ▁in ▁the ▁San ▁Francisco ▁Bay ▁Area ▁Category : History ▁of ▁Oak land , ▁California ▁Category : National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁Oak land , ▁California ▁Category : The at res ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 ▁Category : 1 9 |
2 8 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁California ▁Category : Event ▁ven ues ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 ▁Category : Art ▁Dec o ▁architecture ▁in ▁California ▁Category : The at res ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁California ▁Category : Week s ▁and ▁Day ▁buildings <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives ▁elections ▁in ▁Nevada ▁will ▁be ▁held ▁on ▁November ▁ 3 , ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁to ▁elect ▁the ▁four ▁U . S . ▁Represent atives ▁from ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Nevada , ▁one ▁from ▁each ▁of ▁the ▁state ' s ▁four ▁congress ional ▁districts . ▁The ▁elections ▁will ▁coinc ide ▁with ▁the ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁U . S . ▁presidential ▁election , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁other ▁elections ▁to ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives , ▁elections ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Senate ▁and ▁various ▁state ▁and ▁local ▁elections . ▁ ▁District ▁ 1 ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 st ▁district ▁en compass es ▁the ▁Las ▁Vegas ▁St rip , ▁taking ▁in ▁Dow nt own ▁Las ▁Vegas , ▁Win chester , ▁Parad ise , ▁Spring ▁Valley , ▁and ▁Whit ney . ▁The ▁inc umb ent ▁is ▁Democrat ▁D ina ▁Tit us , ▁who ▁was ▁re - e lected ▁with ▁ 6 6 . 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Democratic ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Allen ▁Rhe in h art , ▁candidate ▁for ▁U . S . ▁Senate ▁in ▁ 2 0 |
1 6 ▁D ina ▁Tit us , ▁inc umb ent ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁Anthony ▁Thomas ▁Jr ., ▁security ▁guard ▁ ▁End orse ments ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁Republican ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Joy ce ▁Bent ley , ▁real tor ▁and ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁Nevada ' s ▁ 1 st ▁congress ional ▁district ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Josh ▁Ell i ott ▁Eddie ▁Hamilton , ▁business man ▁and ▁per ennial ▁candidate ▁Cit l aly ▁L arios - E li as , ▁fashion ▁designer ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁General ▁election ▁ ▁Pred ictions ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁District ▁ 2 ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 nd ▁district ▁covers ▁much ▁of ▁northern ▁Nevada , ▁including ▁Ren o , ▁Sp arks ▁and ▁Cars on ▁City . ▁The ▁inc umb ent ▁is ▁Republican ▁Mark ▁Am ode i , ▁who ▁was ▁re - e lected ▁with ▁ 5 8 . 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Republican ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Mark ▁Am ode i , ▁inc umb ent ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁Joel ▁Beck , ▁U . S . ▁Air ▁Force ▁veteran ▁and ▁candidate ▁for ▁Nevada ' s ▁ 2 nd ▁congress ional ▁district ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁ ▁Decl ined ▁He idi ▁G an sert , ▁state ▁sen ator ▁Ben ▁K ieck he fer , ▁state ▁sen ator ▁Adam ▁L ax alt , ▁former ▁Nevada ▁Attorney ▁General ▁and ▁candidate ▁for ▁Governor ▁of ▁Nevada ▁in ▁ |
2 0 1 8 ▁James ▁S ett el me yer , ▁minority ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Nevada ▁Senate ▁Danny ▁T ark an ian , ▁attorney , ▁business man ▁and ▁per ennial ▁candidate ▁Jim ▁Whe eler , ▁minority ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Nevada ▁Assembly ▁ ▁Poll ing ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁Democratic ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Pat ric ia ▁A ck erman , ▁candidate ▁for ▁Nevada ▁State ▁Assembly ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Ed ▁Cohen , ▁communications ▁consultant ▁Reyn al do ▁Hern ande z ▁Cl int ▁K ob le , ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁Nevada ' s ▁ 2 nd ▁congress ional ▁district ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Ian ▁Lu et ke h ans ▁Steve ▁Sch iff man , ▁former ▁U . S . ▁diplom at ▁Rick ▁She pher d , ▁progressive ▁activ ist ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁General ▁election ▁ ▁Pred ictions ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁District ▁ 3 ▁ ▁The ▁ 3 rd ▁district ▁en compass es ▁the ▁southern ▁Las ▁Vegas ▁subur bs ▁including ▁Enterprise , ▁B ould er ▁City , ▁Hend erson , ▁and ▁Summer lin ▁South . ▁The ▁inc umb ent ▁is ▁Democrat ▁Sus ie ▁Lee , ▁who ▁was ▁elected ▁with ▁ 5 1 . 9 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Democratic ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Gary ▁Cris pin , ▁marketing ▁consultant ▁Sus ie ▁Lee , ▁inc umb ent ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁Dennis ▁Sull ivan , ▁physician ▁T iff any ▁Watson ▁ ▁Primary |
▁results ▁ ▁Republican ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Brian ▁Nad ell , ▁professional ▁poker ▁player ▁C ory ▁New berry , ▁business man ▁Mind y ▁Robinson , ▁actress ▁Daniel ▁Rod imer , ▁former ▁W WE ▁professional ▁wrest ler ▁and ▁candidate ▁for ▁Nevada ▁State ▁Senate ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Dan ▁Sch wart z , ▁former ▁Nevada ▁State ▁Tre as urer ▁and ▁candidate ▁for ▁Governor ▁of ▁Nevada ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Victor ▁Will ert ▁ ▁End orse ments ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁General ▁election ▁ ▁Pred ictions ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁District ▁ 4 ▁ ▁The ▁ 4 th ▁district ▁covers ▁the ▁northern ▁Las ▁Vegas ▁subur bs , ▁including ▁North ▁Las ▁Vegas , ▁and ▁takes ▁in ▁rural ▁central ▁Nevada . ▁The ▁inc umb ent ▁is ▁Democrat ▁Steven ▁H ors ford , ▁who ▁was ▁elected ▁with ▁ 5 1 . 9 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Democratic ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁George ▁Bru c ato , ▁painting ▁contract or ▁Chris ▁Col ley ▁ ▁Gab ri elle ▁D ' A yr , ▁risk ▁manager ▁Jennifer ▁E ason , ▁progressive ▁activ ist ▁Steven ▁H ors ford , ▁inc umb ent ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁Gregory ▁K empt on , ▁teacher ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁Republican ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Decl ared ▁Ros alie ▁B ingham , ▁business woman ▁Leo ▁Bl undo , ▁N ye ▁County ▁commission er ▁Jim ▁March ant , ▁former ▁state ▁assembly man ▁Charles ▁Nav ar |
ro , ▁former ▁district ▁director ▁for ▁former ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁C resent ▁Hard y ▁and ▁U . S . ▁Navy ▁veteran ▁Sam ▁Peters , ▁U . S . ▁Air ▁Force ▁veteran ▁and ▁business man ▁Rand i ▁Reed , ▁entrepreneur ▁Lisa ▁Song ▁S utton , ▁business woman , ▁attorney ▁and ▁former ▁Miss ▁Nevada ▁USA ▁Rebecca ▁Wood , ▁business woman ▁ ▁End orse ments ▁ ▁Primary ▁results ▁ ▁General ▁election ▁ ▁Pred ictions ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Part isan ▁clients ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Official ▁campaign ▁websites ▁for ▁ 1 st ▁district ▁candidates ▁ ▁D ina ▁Tit us ▁( D ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Cit l aly ▁L arios - E li as ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Official ▁campaign ▁websites ▁for ▁ 2 nd ▁district ▁candidates ▁ ▁Mark ▁Am ode i ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Cl int ▁K ob le ▁( D ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Official ▁campaign ▁websites ▁for ▁ 3 rd ▁district ▁candidates ▁ ▁Sus ie ▁Lee ▁( D ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Dan ▁Rod imer ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Dan ▁Sch wart z ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Official ▁campaign ▁websites ▁for ▁ 4 th ▁district ▁candidates ▁ ▁Leo ▁Bl undo ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Leo ▁Dun son ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Steven ▁H ors ford ▁( D ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Jim ▁March ant ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Charles ▁Nav ar ro ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Sam ▁Peters ▁( |
R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Rand i ▁Reed ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Lisa ▁Song ▁S utton ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Rebecca ▁Wood ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Congress ▁ ▁Nevada ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁House <0x0A> </s> ▁Sir ▁Barry ▁William ▁If e ▁ ▁( born ▁ 1 9 ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 7 ) ▁was ▁Pr incipal ▁of ▁the ▁G uild hall ▁School ▁of ▁Music ▁and ▁Dr ama ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 4 - 2 0 1 6 ▁▁ ▁He ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁King ' s ▁College ▁London ▁( BA , ▁ 1 9 6 8 ) ▁and ▁B irk beck , ▁University ▁of ▁London ▁( Ph D ▁ 1 9 8 4 ). ▁He ▁was ▁kn ight ed ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁New ▁Year ▁Hon ours . ▁The ▁second ▁principal ▁of ▁the ▁G uild hall ▁School ▁of ▁Music ▁and ▁Dr ama ▁to ▁be ▁so ▁hon oured , ▁the ▁first ▁being ▁Sir ▁Land on ▁Ronald ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 2 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁King ' s ▁College ▁London ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁B irk beck , ▁University ▁of ▁London ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁King ' s ▁College ▁London ▁Category : Command ers ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁Category : K n ights ▁Bachelor <0x0A> </s> ▁St air way ▁to ▁the ▁Stars ▁was ▁an ▁early ▁Australian ▁television |
▁series ▁which ▁a ired ▁on ▁Melbourne ▁station ▁H SV - 7 . ▁The ▁first ▁episode ▁a ired ▁ 9 ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁with ▁the ▁series ▁ending ▁circa ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 8 . ▁ ▁Host s ▁of ▁the ▁series ▁included ▁Eric ▁Pear ce ▁for ▁early ▁episodes , ▁and ▁Geoff ▁Mc Com as ▁for ▁later ▁episodes . ▁ ▁Origin ally ▁broadcast ▁on ▁Fr idays , ▁it ▁later ▁moved ▁to ▁Wed nes days . ▁Compet ition ▁in ▁the ▁time - slot ▁varied . ▁At ▁first , ▁since ▁H SV - 7 ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁station ▁in ▁Melbourne , ▁the ▁series ▁had ▁no ▁competition ▁in ▁the ▁time - slot . ▁By ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁the ▁series ▁competed ▁against ▁U . S . ▁series ▁Alfred ▁H itch cock ▁Pres ents ▁on ▁G TV - 9 ▁and ▁UK ▁series ▁The ▁World ▁is ▁O urs ▁on ▁AB V - 2 . ▁By ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁episodes ▁competed ▁against ▁U . S . ▁comedy ▁series ▁Sus ie ▁on ▁G TV - 9 , ▁while ▁AB V - 2 ▁featured ▁E lection ▁Talk ▁and ▁UK ▁series ▁Fab ian ▁of ▁the ▁Y ard . ▁ ▁The ▁series ▁was ▁a ▁talent ▁show . ▁For ▁example , ▁the ▁episode ▁broadcast ▁ 2 1 ▁December ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁featured ▁a ▁pop ▁vocal ist , ▁a ▁sop r ano , ▁a ▁d ancer , ▁a ▁ten or , ▁and ▁a ▁sa x oph on ist , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Son ia ▁K orn |
▁as ▁the ▁guest . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁St air way ▁to ▁the ▁Stars ▁at ▁I MD b ▁ ▁Category : S even ▁Network ▁shows ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁Australian ▁television ▁series ▁debut s ▁Category : 1 9 5 8 ▁Australian ▁television ▁series ▁end ings ▁Category : 1 9 5 0 s ▁Australian ▁television ▁series ▁Category : Black - and - white ▁Australian ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : English - language ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : Austral ian ▁variety ▁television ▁shows <0x0A> </s> ▁M st ów ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁administrative ▁district ▁of ▁G mina ▁J od ł own ik , ▁within ▁Lim an owa ▁County , ▁Lesser ▁Poland ▁Vo iv odes hip , ▁in ▁southern ▁Poland . ▁It ▁lies ▁approximately ▁ ▁north ▁of ▁J od ł own ik , ▁ ▁north - west ▁of ▁Lim an owa , ▁and ▁ ▁south - east ▁of ▁the ▁regional ▁capital ▁Kr ak ów . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Lim an owa ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Pro st itution ▁in ▁Kenya ▁is ▁widespread . ▁The ▁legal ▁situation ▁is ▁complex . ▁Although ▁prost itution ▁is ▁not ▁criminal ised ▁by ▁Federal ▁law , ▁municipal ▁by - l aws ▁may ▁prohib it ▁it . ▁( N airo bi ▁banned ▁all ▁sex ▁work ▁in ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 7 ). ▁It ▁is ▁illegal ▁to ▁profit ▁from ▁the ▁prost itution ▁of ▁others , ▁and ▁to ▁aid , ▁ab et , ▁comp el ▁or ▁in cite ▁prost itution |
. ▁( Se ctions ▁ 1 5 3 ▁and ▁ 1 5 4 ▁of ▁the ▁Pen al ▁Code ). ▁U NA IDS ▁estimate ▁there ▁to ▁be ▁ 1 3 3 , 6 7 5 ▁prost itutes ▁in ▁the ▁country . ▁ ▁Many ▁foreign ▁men ▁and ▁women ▁take ▁part ▁in ▁sex ▁tour ism , ▁which ▁is ▁th riving ▁at ▁res orts ▁along ▁Kenya ' s ▁coast . ▁Th ous ands ▁of ▁girls ▁and ▁boys ▁are ▁involved ▁in ▁full - time ▁child ▁prost itution ▁due ▁to ▁poverty ▁in ▁the ▁region . ▁ ▁Sex ▁workers ▁report ▁abuse , ▁ext ortion ▁and ▁violence ▁from ▁the ▁police . ▁ ▁Sex ▁tour ism ▁on ▁the ▁coast ▁ ▁The ▁ministry ▁for ▁tour ism ▁in ▁Kenya ▁has ▁been ▁severely ▁critic ised ▁because ▁of ▁its ▁lack ▁of ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁bo oming ▁sex ▁tour ism ▁and ▁child ▁explo itation ▁on ▁the ▁Ken yan ▁coast . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁a ▁study ▁by ▁UN ICE F ▁reported ▁that ▁up ▁to ▁ 3 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁of ▁children ▁aged ▁between ▁ 1 2 ▁and ▁ 1 8 ▁in ▁the ▁coastal ▁regions ▁of ▁Mal indi , ▁M omb asa , ▁Kil ifi ▁and ▁D iani ▁were ▁engaged ▁in ▁some ▁form ▁of ▁sex ▁work . ▁ ▁Pro st itution ▁and ▁health ▁▁ ▁Access ▁to ▁health ▁services ▁is ▁guaranteed ▁by ▁Article ▁ 4 3 ▁of ▁the ▁Ken yan ▁Constitution . ▁However ▁sex ▁workers ▁are ▁often ▁discrim inated ▁against ▁and ▁access ▁to ▁health ▁services ▁limited . ▁▁ ▁Kenya ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the |
▁world ' s ▁most ▁HIV ▁affected ▁countries . ▁Sex ▁workers ▁are ▁the ▁most ▁affected ▁group ▁within ▁the ▁country . ▁Research ▁has ▁shown ▁that ▁around ▁ 3 0 % ▁of ▁sex ▁workers ▁are ▁HIV ▁positive . ▁ ▁L ack ▁of ▁cond om ▁use , ▁( both ▁amongst ▁sex ▁workers ▁and ▁the ▁general ▁public ), ▁fu elled ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁HIV ▁and ▁other ▁ST Is . ▁Since ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁the ▁Ken yan ▁Government ▁has ▁been ▁distribut ing ▁free ▁cond oms ▁( 1 8 0 ▁million ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 ) ▁and ▁educ ating ▁the ▁public ▁on ▁their ▁use . ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁N airo bi ▁and ▁Prof ▁Elizabeth ▁Ng ug i ▁established ▁a ▁program ▁with ▁local ▁prost itutes ▁to ▁educ ate ▁and ▁empower ▁them ▁by ▁encouraging ▁cond om ▁use . ▁A ▁study ▁of ▁N airo bi ▁sex ▁workers ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁reported ▁about ▁two ▁third s ▁always ▁use ▁cond oms ▁with ▁clients . ▁This ▁comp ares ▁with ▁ 4 0 % ▁amongst ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁general ▁public ▁who ▁have ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁partners . ▁ ▁HIV ▁and ▁S TI ▁testing ▁is ▁volunt ary , ▁however ▁as ▁the ▁HIV ▁and ▁A IDS ▁Pre vention ▁and ▁Control ▁Act ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁criminal ised ▁HIV ▁transmission , ▁there ▁is ▁some ▁reluct ance ▁for ▁sex ▁workers ▁to ▁get ▁tested . ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁N airo bi ▁sex ▁workers ' ▁study ▁found ▁ 8 6 % ▁had ▁been ▁tested , ▁ 6 3 % ▁within ▁the |
▁previous ▁ 1 2 ▁months . ▁▁ ▁This ▁bo oming ▁trade ▁in ▁sex ▁tour ism ▁goes ▁on ▁ ▁with ▁the ▁Ken yan ▁Tour ism ▁Police ' s ▁full ▁knowledge . ▁They ▁do ▁not ▁want ▁to ▁discour age ▁the ▁hundreds ▁of ▁thousands ▁of ▁white ▁tourists ▁from ▁coming ▁to ▁Kenya ' s ▁coast , ▁regardless ▁of ▁the ▁damage ▁it ▁does ▁to ▁young ▁Ken y ans . ▁ ▁Sex ▁traff icking ▁ ▁Kenya ▁is ▁a ▁source , ▁transit , ▁and ▁destination ▁country ▁for ▁men , ▁women , ▁and ▁children ▁subject ed ▁to ▁sex ▁traff icking . ▁Boys ▁were ▁increasingly ▁subject ed ▁to ▁traff icking . ▁Girls ▁and ▁boys ▁are ▁explo ited ▁in ▁commercial ▁sex ▁throughout ▁Kenya , ▁including ▁in ▁sex ▁tour ism ▁in ▁N airo bi , ▁K is um u , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁coast , ▁particularly ▁in ▁inform al ▁settlement s ; ▁at ▁times , ▁their ▁explo itation ▁is ▁facil itated ▁by ▁family ▁members . ▁Children ▁are ▁also ▁explo ited ▁in ▁sex ▁traff icking ▁by ▁people ▁working ▁in ▁k hat ▁( a ▁mild ▁n arc otic ) ▁cultiv ation ▁areas , ▁near ▁gold ▁mines ▁in ▁western ▁Kenya , ▁by ▁truck ▁drivers ▁along ▁major ▁high ways , ▁and ▁by ▁fisher men ▁on ▁Lake ▁Victoria . ▁Ken y ans ▁are ▁recru ited ▁by ▁legal ▁or ▁illegal ▁employment ▁agencies ▁or ▁volunt arily ▁migr ate ▁to ▁Europe , ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁Sout heast ▁Asia , ▁and ▁the ▁Middle ▁East , ▁particularly ▁Saudi ▁Arabia , ▁Leb anon , ▁Ku wait , ▁Q atar , ▁the ▁U AE , |
▁and ▁O man , ▁in ▁search ▁of ▁employment , ▁where ▁at ▁times ▁they ▁are ▁explo ited ▁in ▁massage ▁parl ours ▁and ▁bro the ls ,. ▁Re ports ▁al lege ▁gay ▁and ▁bis ex ual ▁Ken yan ▁men ▁are ▁de cept ively ▁recru ited ▁from ▁universities ▁with ▁promises ▁of ▁overseas ▁jobs , ▁but ▁are ▁forced ▁into ▁prost itution ▁in ▁Q atar ▁and ▁U AE . ▁Ken yan ▁women ▁are ▁subject ed ▁to ▁forced ▁prost itution ▁in ▁Thailand ▁by ▁U g and an ▁and ▁Niger ian ▁traff ick ers . ▁ ▁Some ▁children ▁in ▁D ada ab ▁and ▁K ak uma ▁refuge e ▁camps ▁may ▁be ▁subject ed ▁to ▁sex ▁traff icking . ▁Children ▁from ▁East ▁Africa ▁and ▁South ▁Sud an ▁are ▁subject ed ▁to ▁sex ▁traff icking ▁in ▁Kenya . ▁Tru cks ▁transport ing ▁goods ▁from ▁Kenya ▁to ▁Som alia ▁returned ▁to ▁Kenya ▁with ▁girls ▁and ▁women ▁subsequently ▁explo ited ▁in ▁bro the ls ▁in ▁N airo bi ▁or ▁M omb asa . ▁Nep ales e ▁and ▁Indian ▁women ▁recru ited ▁to ▁work ▁in ▁muj ra ▁dance ▁clubs ▁in ▁N airo bi ▁and ▁M omb asa ▁face ▁debt ▁bond age , ▁which ▁they ▁are ▁forced ▁to ▁pay ▁off ▁by ▁dancing ▁and ▁forced ▁prost itution . ▁ ▁The ▁United ▁States ▁Department ▁of ▁State ▁Office ▁to ▁Monitor ▁and ▁Com bat ▁Tra ff icking ▁in ▁Pers ons ▁ranks ▁Kenya ▁as ▁a ▁' T ier ▁ 2 ' ▁country . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Sex ▁for ▁fish ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Sex ▁Tour ism |
▁Old er ▁white ▁women ▁join ▁Kenya ' s ▁sex ▁tourists ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁ ▁Robinson : ▁R isk - C oping ▁through ▁Sex ual ▁Network s . ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁ ▁N airo bi ▁N ights : ▁Blog ▁of ▁a ▁N airo bi ▁sex ▁worker ▁ ▁Lu ise ▁White : ▁The ▁Com fort s ▁of ▁Home : ▁Pro st itution ▁in ▁Col onial ▁N airo bi . ▁University ▁of ▁Chicago ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁ ▁An at omy ▁of ▁prost itutes ▁and ▁prost itution ▁in ▁Kenya . ▁University ▁of ▁N airo bi ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁ ▁' Pro st itution ', ▁' R isk ,' and ▁' Res pons ibility ': ▁Parad ig ms ▁of ▁A IDS ▁Pre vention ▁and ▁Women ' s ▁Ident ities ▁in ▁Th ika , ▁Kenya , ▁K ▁K iel mann , ▁in ▁An ▁anth rop ology ▁of ▁infect ious ▁disease : ▁international ▁health ▁pers pectives , ▁By ▁Mar cia ▁Claire ▁In horn , ▁Peter ▁J . ▁Brown . ▁R out ledge ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁ ▁An at omy ▁of ▁Pro st itutes ▁and ▁Pro st itution ▁in ▁Kenya . ▁J M ▁G ach u hi ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁Institute ▁for ▁Development ▁Studies , ▁ ▁History ▁▁ ▁Pro st itution , ▁Identity , ▁and ▁Class ▁Con scious ness ▁in ▁N airo bi ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁Lu ise ▁White . ▁Sign s . ▁Vol . ▁ 1 1 , ▁No . ▁ 2 ▁( W inter , ▁ |
1 9 8 6 ), ▁pp . 2 5 5 – 2 7 3 ▁ ▁Women ' s ▁domestic ▁labor ▁in ▁colonial ▁Kenya : ▁Pro st itution ▁in ▁N airo bi , ▁ 1 9 0 9 - 1 9 5 0 . ▁Lu ise ▁White , ▁Boston ▁University ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁▁▁ ▁Category : K en yan ▁society <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁the ▁Act s ▁of ▁the ▁A post les , ▁Joseph ▁B ars ab bas ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁Just us ) ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁two ▁candidates ▁qualified ▁to ▁be ▁chosen ▁for ▁the ▁office ▁of ▁apost le ▁after ▁Jud as ▁I sc ari ot ▁lost ▁his ▁apost les hip ▁when ▁he ▁bet rayed ▁Jesus ▁and ▁committed ▁suicide . ▁After ▁the ▁casting ▁of ▁lots ▁he ▁was ▁not ▁chosen , ▁the ▁lot ▁instead ▁favor ing ▁Mat th ias ▁to ▁be ▁number ed ▁with ▁the ▁remaining ▁eleven ▁apost les . ▁▁ 2 1 Where fore ▁of ▁these ▁men ▁who ▁have ▁compan ied ▁with ▁us , ▁all ▁the ▁time ▁that ▁the ▁Lord ▁Jesus ▁came ▁in ▁and ▁went ▁out ▁among ▁us , ▁ 2 2 Begin ning ▁from ▁the ▁bapt ism ▁of ▁John , ▁until ▁the ▁day ▁wherein ▁he ▁was ▁taken ▁up ▁from ▁us , ▁one ▁of ▁these ▁must ▁be ▁made ▁a ▁witness ▁with ▁us ▁of ▁his ▁resur rection . ▁ 2 3 And ▁they ▁appointed ▁two , ▁Joseph , ▁called ▁B ars ab as , ▁who ▁wa ▁s ▁surn amed ▁Just us , ▁and ▁Mat th ias . ▁ 2 4 And ▁pray |
ing , ▁they ▁said : ▁Th ou , ▁Lord , ▁who ▁know est ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁all ▁men , ▁she w ▁whether ▁of ▁these ▁two ▁thou ▁hast ▁chosen , ▁ 2 5 To ▁take ▁the ▁place ▁of ▁this ▁ministry ▁and ▁apost les hip , ▁from ▁which ▁Jud as ▁h ath ▁by ▁trans gress ion ▁fallen , ▁that ▁he ▁might ▁go ▁to ▁his ▁own ▁place . ▁ 2 6 And ▁they ▁gave ▁them ▁lot , ▁and ▁the ▁lot ▁fell ▁upon ▁Mat th ias , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁number ed ▁with ▁the ▁eleven ▁apost les . ▁— Act s ▁ 1 : 2 1 – 2 6 ▁D - R ▁ ▁Both ▁Joseph ▁and ▁Mat th ias ▁had ▁been ▁followers ▁of ▁Jesus ▁from ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁Jesus ' ▁public ▁ministry ▁after ▁the ▁bapt ism ▁he ▁received ▁from ▁John . ▁He ▁had ▁continued ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁larger ▁company ▁of ▁dis ciples ▁even ▁to ▁the ▁time ▁that ▁Jesus ▁was ▁taken ▁up ▁from ▁them . ▁ ▁Further ▁identification ▁of ▁Joseph ▁is ▁uncertain . ▁In ▁Christian ▁tradition ▁he ▁is ▁number ed ▁among ▁the ▁S event y ▁dis ciples ▁mentioned ▁in ▁, ▁although ▁the ▁b iblical ▁text ▁ment ions ▁no ▁names . ▁" After ▁these ▁things ▁the ▁Lord ▁appointed ▁other ▁seventy ▁also , ▁and ▁sent ▁them ▁two ▁and ▁two ▁before ▁his ▁face ▁into ▁every ▁city ▁and ▁place , ▁wh ither ▁he ▁himself ▁would ▁come ." ▁( 1 0 : 1 ) ▁ ▁The olog ian ▁Robert ▁Eisen man ▁has ▁read ▁the ▁shadow y ▁figure ▁of ▁" J ose |
ph ▁Just us " ▁as ▁either ▁a ▁not - so - sub tle ▁cover ▁for ▁James ▁the ▁Just , ▁or ▁a ▁cl oned ▁con fl ation ▁who ▁represents ▁in ▁a ▁single ▁figure ▁all ▁the ▁Des pos yn i ▁( Bro thers ▁of ▁Jesus ) — reject ed , ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁author ▁of ▁Act s ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁the ▁otherwise - unknown ▁Mat th ias . ▁Barn es ’ ▁Notes ▁on ▁the ▁Bible ▁says ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁“ s urn amed ▁Just us ” ▁or ▁who ▁“ was ▁called ▁Just us ” : ▁“ This ▁is ▁a ▁Latin ▁name , ▁meaning ▁just , ▁and ▁was ▁probably ▁given ▁him ▁on ▁account ▁of ▁his ▁distinguished ▁integrity .” ▁The ▁Ang lic an ▁Bible ▁scholar ▁J . B . ▁Light foot ▁“ supp oses ▁that ▁he ▁[ J ose ph ▁B ars ab bas ] ▁was ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁Alpha e us ▁and ▁brother ▁of ▁James ▁the ▁Less , ▁and ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁chosen ▁on ▁account ▁of ▁his ▁relationship ▁to ▁the ▁family ▁of ▁the ▁Lord ▁Jesus .” ▁ ▁In ▁Christian ▁tradition , ▁this ▁Just us ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁become ▁Bishop ▁of ▁Ele uther opol is , ▁where ▁he ▁died ▁a ▁mart yr ▁and ▁is ▁v ener ated ▁as ▁Saint ▁Just us ▁of ▁Ele uther opol is . ▁The ▁location ▁provides ▁a ▁date ▁for ▁this ▁legend , ▁since ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁Ele uther opol is ▁was ▁a ▁mere ▁village ▁called ▁Bet aris ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁century , ▁whose ▁inhabitants ▁were ▁sl ain ▁and ▁en sl aved |
▁with ▁others ▁by ▁V esp as ian ▁in ▁AD ▁ 6 8 ▁( J ose ph us ). ▁The ▁site ▁was ▁ref ound ed , ▁as ▁Ele uther opol is , ▁in ▁AD ▁ 2 0 0 ▁by ▁Sept im ius ▁Sever us . ▁The ▁first ▁historical ▁b ishop , ▁Mac rin us , ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁century , ▁when ▁Ele uther opol is ▁was ▁an ▁important ▁city . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : S event y ▁dis ciples ▁Category : 1 st - century ▁b ish ops ▁Category : People ▁in ▁Act s ▁of ▁the ▁A post les ▁Category : S aints ▁from ▁the ▁Holy ▁Land <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s ▁season ▁was ▁the ▁ 9 0 th ▁in ▁the ▁club ' s ▁history . ▁Co ached ▁by ▁Brian ▁Smith ▁and ▁capt ained ▁by ▁Rob bie ▁Paul ▁the ▁newly ▁brand ed ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s ▁competed ▁in ▁Super ▁League ▁I . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁finished ▁the ▁regular ▁season ▁in ▁ 3 rd ▁place ▁and ▁made ▁the ▁semi ▁final , ▁losing ▁ 3 6 - 4 2 ▁to ▁W igan ▁War riors . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁also ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Challenge ▁Cup , ▁reaching ▁the ▁final ▁which ▁they ▁lost ▁ 3 2 - 4 0 ▁to ▁St . ▁Hel ens . ▁ ▁Season ▁review ▁ ▁February ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁season ▁started ▁off ▁well ▁for ▁the ▁Brad |
ford ▁Northern ▁club ▁newly ▁re - br anded ▁as ▁the ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s . ▁In ▁their ▁first ▁competitive ▁match ▁they ▁defeated ▁Bat ley ▁ 6 0 – 1 8 ▁in ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁Round ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Challenge ▁Cup . ▁Australian ▁import ▁Jeremy ▁Don ough er ▁scored ▁the ▁club ' s ▁first ▁try ▁under ▁the ▁Bull s ▁brand . ▁Brad ford ' s ▁form ▁in ▁the ▁Cup ▁continued ▁after ▁beating ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁side ▁Le igh ▁ 4 4 – 1 2 ▁at ▁H ilton ▁Park . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁success ▁continued ▁as ▁they ▁hosted ▁W ake field ▁Tr inity ▁in ▁the ▁quarter - fin als , ▁however ▁after ▁a ▁brief ▁sc are ▁Brad ford ▁managed ▁to ▁overcome ▁W ake field ▁and ▁win ▁ 3 0 – 1 8 . ▁ ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁March ▁started ▁off ▁with ▁a ▁great ▁performance ▁in ▁the ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁semi - final ▁against ▁arch - riv als ▁Le eds , ▁the ▁Bull s ▁played ▁some ▁brilliant ▁rugby ▁to ▁ensure ▁a ▁ 2 8 – 6 ▁win ▁earning ▁them ▁a ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁Final . ▁Brad ford ▁also ▁kicked ▁off ▁the ▁brand ▁new ▁Super ▁League ▁I ▁with ▁a ▁ 3 0 – 1 8 ▁win ▁over ▁Castle ford ▁Tig ers ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁a ▁ 1 0 , 0 2 7 ▁crowd . ▁ ▁April ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁A ▁trip ▁to ▁She ff ield ▁E agles ▁was ▁on |
▁the ▁cards ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s ▁first ▁away ▁trip ▁of ▁the ▁Super ▁League ▁season , ▁however ▁the ▁E agles ▁were ▁just ▁too ▁powerful ▁for ▁Brad ford ▁and ▁the ▁Bull s ▁were ▁sound ly ▁beaten ▁ 2 4 – 4 0 . ▁However ▁April ▁got ▁a ▁little ▁br ighter ▁as ▁the ▁Bull s ▁b ounced ▁back ▁to ▁beat ▁London ▁ 3 1 – 2 4 ▁to ▁take ▁them ▁up ▁to ▁ 5 th ▁in ▁the ▁league ▁table . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁were ▁brought ▁back ▁down ▁to ▁earth ▁after ▁their ▁win ▁against ▁London ▁as ▁St . ▁Hel ens ▁beat ▁Brad ford ▁ 2 6 – 2 0 ▁at ▁Know s ley ▁Road . ▁Brad ford ▁suffered ▁back ▁to ▁back ▁defe ats ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁this ▁season , ▁losing ▁ 2 2 – 6 ▁to ▁W igan . ▁Brad ford ▁narrow ly ▁lost ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁Final ▁against ▁St . ▁Hel ens , ▁Brad ford ▁went ▁ 2 6 – 1 2 ▁at ▁one ▁point ▁but ▁S aints ▁half back ▁Bob bie ▁G ould ing ▁pepper ed ▁the ▁Brad ford ▁full back ▁Nathan ▁Graham ▁with ▁bombs ▁which ▁turned ▁out ▁to ▁be ▁fruit ful ▁for ▁the ▁S aints ▁who ▁scored ▁ 3 ▁tries ▁of ▁G ould ing ' s ▁k icks ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁match ▁ 4 0 – 3 2 ▁leaving ▁the ▁Brad ford ▁players ▁and ▁fans ▁feeling ▁de ject ed . ▁ ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁Brad ford ▁started ▁off ▁May ▁in ▁good ▁form ▁after |
▁losing ▁the ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁Final ▁by ▁beating ▁War ring ton ▁ 3 6 – 1 4 ▁at ▁O ds al ▁Stadium , ▁the ▁Bull s ▁then ▁trav elled ▁to ▁Old ham ▁and ▁beat ▁Old ham ▁B ears ▁ 3 0 – 1 0 . ▁This ▁would ▁be ▁Brad ford ' s ▁first ▁back ▁to ▁back ▁win ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁then ▁beat ▁Paris ▁St ▁Germ ain ▁ 6 0 – 3 2 ▁at ▁home ▁before ▁destroying ▁arch ▁riv als ▁Le eds ▁ 5 4 – 8 ▁in ▁Round ▁ 9 . ▁These ▁wins ▁took ▁the ▁Bull s ▁to ▁four ▁games ▁un be aten ▁and ▁un be aten ▁for ▁the ▁whole ▁of ▁May . ▁ ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁The ▁Bull s ▁started ▁June ▁with ▁a ▁massive ▁ 5 2 – 4 ▁win ▁over ▁bottom ▁of ▁the ▁league ▁Work ington , ▁Brad ford ▁ran ▁in ▁ 1 0 ▁tries ▁in ▁this ▁em ph atic ▁win . ▁Brad ford ▁carried ▁on ▁their ▁form ▁at ▁Th rum ▁Hall ▁where ▁they ▁scrap ed ▁a ▁win ▁at ▁local ▁riv als ▁Hal if ax ▁Blue ▁S ox ▁in ▁a ▁hard - f ought ▁ 2 2 – 2 0 ▁contest . ▁Brad ford ' s ▁ 6 ▁game ▁un be aten ▁run ▁was ▁put ▁to ▁an ▁end ▁by ▁a ▁great ▁performance ▁by ▁Castle ford ▁Tig ers ▁led ▁by ▁their ▁tal is man ▁Fr ano ▁Bot ica , ▁the ▁Tig ers ▁clin ched ▁the ▁game ▁ 2 6 – 2 3 . ▁However ▁the |
▁Bull s ▁responded ▁the ▁following ▁week ▁by ▁destroying ▁the ▁She ff ield ▁E agles ▁ 6 4 – 2 2 ▁at ▁O ds al . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁followed ▁up ▁this ▁win ▁with ▁a ▁hard ▁fought ▁ 2 2 – 1 6 ▁win ▁over ▁London ▁Bron cos . ▁ ▁July ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁Brad ford ▁beat ▁St . ▁Hel ens ▁in ▁an ▁excellent ▁display ▁of ▁rugby ▁league , ▁they ▁took ▁the ▁S aints ▁apart ▁and ▁won ▁ 5 0 – 2 2 ▁to ▁exact ▁revenge ▁for ▁their ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁Final ▁defeat . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁excellent ▁form ▁continued ▁as ▁they ▁batt led ▁W igan ▁at ▁O ds al ▁Stadium ▁and ▁the ▁York shire ▁club ▁came ▁up ▁with ▁a ▁ 2 0 – 1 2 ▁win . ▁Their ▁ 5 th ▁consecutive ▁win ▁came ▁at ▁Wild ers pool ▁Stadium ▁where ▁they ▁took ▁on ▁War ring ton ▁and ▁came ▁away ▁with ▁the ▁spo ils ▁beating ▁War ring ton ▁ 3 0 – 2 0 . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁dis hed ▁out ▁another ▁th ump ing ▁however ▁this ▁one ▁wasn ' t ▁as ▁impressive ▁as ▁it ▁was ▁against ▁Old ham ▁B ears , ▁they ▁did ▁keep ▁Old ham ▁to ▁zero ▁points ▁though ▁as ▁Brad ford ▁were ▁ 5 6 – 0 ▁vict ors . ▁ ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ ▁August ▁started ▁off ▁well ▁for ▁Brad ford ▁as ▁they ▁demol ished ▁arch - riv als ▁Le eds ▁ 5 6 – 1 8 ▁with ▁the ▁mer cur ial ▁Rob bie ▁Paul |
▁grab bing ▁his ▁ 3 rd ▁hat - tr ick ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁The ▁Bull s ▁extended ▁their ▁winning ▁streak ▁to ▁eight ▁games ▁when ▁they ▁beat ▁bottom ▁of ▁the ▁league ▁Work ington ▁ 2 8 – 1 4 ▁in ▁a ▁hard ▁fought ▁contest . ▁Local ▁team ▁Hal if ax ▁Blue ▁S ox ▁put ▁an ▁end ▁to ▁the ▁Bull s ' ▁winning ▁streak ▁as ▁Brad ford ▁succ umb ed ▁to ▁a ▁ 2 7 – 2 6 ▁defeat ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁home ▁game ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁The ▁last ▁regular ▁season ▁game ▁came ▁in ▁Paris ▁where ▁the ▁Bull s ▁beat ▁Paris ▁St ▁Germ ain ▁ 2 7 – 1 4 ▁which ▁meant ▁they ▁finished ▁ 3 rd ▁in ▁the ▁league , ▁ 5 ▁points ▁behind ▁W igan ▁and ▁ 6 ▁points ▁behind ▁league ▁leaders ▁St . ▁Hel ens . ▁This ▁meant ▁that ▁the ▁Bull s ▁had ▁to ▁travel ▁to ▁Central ▁Park ▁to ▁play ▁W igan ▁in ▁the ▁Prem iers hip ▁Tro phy ▁Sem i - final , ▁in ▁what ▁was ▁his ▁last ▁game ▁in ▁a ▁W igan ▁shirt ▁Sha un ▁Edwards ▁scored ▁ 4 ▁tries ▁to ▁end ▁Brad ford ' s ▁hopes ▁of ▁a ▁Prem iers hip ▁final ▁appearance ▁in ▁a ▁hard ▁fought ▁ 4 2 – 3 6 ▁W igan ▁win . ▁ ▁Mil est ones ▁ ▁C CR 4 : ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s ▁win ▁their ▁first ▁competitive ▁game ▁after ▁re - brand ing . ▁ ▁C CR 4 : ▁Jeremy ▁Don ough er ▁scored ▁the ▁Bull s ▁first ▁try ▁under |
▁the ▁re - br anded ▁club . ▁C CR 4 : ▁Jeremy ▁Don ough er , ▁Son ny ▁Nick le , ▁Dav ide ▁Long o , ▁Gary ▁Christ ie , ▁Paul ▁Cook , ▁Karl ▁Fair bank , ▁Carlos ▁Hass an , ▁Paul ▁L ough lin ▁and ▁Paul ▁Med ley ▁all ▁scored ▁their ▁ 1 st ▁tries ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁C CR 4 : ▁Dav ide ▁Long o ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁C CR 4 : ▁Paul ▁Cook ▁kicked ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁goal ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁C CR 5 : ▁Jon ▁Scal es ▁and ▁Simon ▁Kn ox ▁scored ▁their ▁ 1 st ▁tries ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁CC Q F : ▁Gra eme ▁Brad ley ▁and ▁Jason ▁Don oh ue ▁scored ▁their ▁ 1 st ▁tries ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁C CS F : ▁Jon ▁Scal es ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁C CS F : ▁Matt ▁Call and ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 : ▁Jeremy ▁Don ough er ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 : ▁Rob bie ▁Paul ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 : ▁Paul ▁L ough lin ▁kicked ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁goal ▁for ▁the ▁club . ▁Round ▁ 2 : ▁James ▁Low es ▁scored ▁his ▁ |
1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 3 : ▁Bernard ▁D w yer ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 3 : ▁Paul ▁Cook ▁kicked ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁drop - go al ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 4 : ▁Matt ▁Call and ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 4 : ▁Steve ▁Mc N am ara ▁kicked ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁goal ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁CC ▁Final : ▁Rob bie ▁Paul ▁scored ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁ever ▁hat - tr ick ▁in ▁a ▁cup ▁final ▁and ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 7 : ▁Brian ▁Mc D erm ott ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 8 : ▁Glen ▁Tom l inson ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 9 : ▁Stuart ▁Sp ru ce ▁and ▁Steve ▁Mc N am ara ▁scored ▁their ▁ 1 st ▁tries ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 0 : ▁Paul ▁Cook ▁reached ▁ 1 0 0 ▁points ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s ▁becoming ▁the ▁first ▁player ▁to ▁do ▁so ▁under ▁the ▁new ▁brand . ▁Round ▁ 1 0 : ▁Joe ▁Tam ani ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁try ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 2 : ▁Steve ▁Mc N am ara ▁kicked ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁drop - go |
al ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 8 : ▁Rob bie ▁Paul ▁scored ▁his ▁ 2 nd ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Round ▁ 1 9 : ▁Rob bie ▁Paul ▁scored ▁his ▁ 3 rd ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁Prem iers hip ▁Tro phy ▁Sem i - final : ▁Gra eme ▁Brad ley ▁scored ▁his ▁ 1 st ▁hat - tr ick ▁for ▁the ▁Bull s . ▁ ▁Table ▁ ▁Fi xtures ▁ ▁Super ▁League ▁I ▁ ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁ ▁Squad ▁Statistics ▁include ▁appearances ▁and ▁points ▁in ▁the ▁Super ▁League , ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁and ▁Prem iers hip ▁Tro phy . ▁ ▁Trans fers ▁ ▁In ▁ ▁Out ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s ▁Website ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s ▁in ▁T & A ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s ▁on ▁Sky ▁Sports ▁Brad ford ▁on ▁Super ▁League ▁Site ▁Red , Black ▁And ▁A mber ▁BBC ▁Sport - R ug by ▁League ▁ ▁Category : B rad ford ▁Bull s ▁seasons ▁Brad ford ▁Bull s <0x0A> </s> ▁Le is ler ' s ▁Reb ell ion ▁was ▁an ▁up r ising ▁in ▁late - 1 7 th ▁century ▁colonial ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁which ▁German ▁American ▁merchant ▁and ▁milit ia ▁captain ▁Jacob ▁Le is ler ▁seized ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁colony ' s ▁south ▁and ▁ruled ▁it ▁from ▁ 1 6 8 9 ▁to ▁ 1 6 9 1 . ▁The ▁up r ising ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁after math ▁of ▁Britain ' s |
▁Gl orious ▁Revolution ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 6 8 9 ▁Boston ▁revol t ▁in ▁the ▁Domin ion ▁of ▁New ▁England , ▁which ▁had ▁included ▁New ▁York . ▁The ▁rebell ion ▁reflected ▁colonial ▁resent ment ▁against ▁the ▁policies ▁of ▁de posed ▁King ▁James II . ▁ ▁Royal ▁authority ▁was ▁not ▁restored ▁until ▁ 1 6 9 1 ▁when ▁English ▁troops ▁and ▁a ▁new ▁governor ▁were ▁sent ▁to ▁New ▁York . ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁arrested ▁by ▁these ▁forces , ▁who ▁tried ▁and ▁convicted ▁him ▁of ▁tre ason . ▁He ▁was ▁executed , ▁but ▁the ▁revol t ▁left ▁the ▁colony ▁polar ized , ▁bitter ly ▁split ▁into ▁two ▁rival ▁fa ctions . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁English ▁forces ▁took ▁control ▁of ▁New ▁Nether land ▁in ▁ 1 6 6 4 ▁and ▁King ▁Charles ▁II ▁gave ▁the ▁territory ▁to ▁his ▁brother ▁James , ▁then ▁Duke ▁of ▁York , ▁to ▁rule ▁as ▁he ▁pleased . ▁James ▁partition ed ▁off ▁East ▁and ▁West ▁Jersey ▁to ▁other ▁propriet ors ▁and ▁established ▁an ▁essentially ▁aut ocratic ▁government ▁with ▁a ▁strong ▁governor ▁and ▁council ▁but ▁no ▁elected ▁legisl ature . ▁ ▁James ▁succeeded ▁his ▁brother ▁to ▁the ▁throne ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 5 ▁and ▁established ▁the ▁Domin ion ▁of ▁New ▁England ▁the ▁following ▁year . ▁In ▁May ▁ 1 6 8 8 , ▁he ▁added ▁New ▁York ▁and ▁the ▁Jer se ys ▁to ▁the ▁domin ion . ▁Its ▁governor ▁Sir ▁Ed mund ▁And ros ▁came ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁that ▁summer ▁to ▁establish ▁his ▁authority ▁and ▁install ▁Francis ▁Nich ol son |
, ▁a ▁captain ▁in ▁the ▁British ▁Army , ▁to ▁administer ▁those ▁colon ies ▁as ▁his ▁lieutenant ▁governor . ▁ ▁Nich ol son ▁was ▁assist ed ▁by ▁a ▁local ▁council ▁but ▁no ▁legisl ative ▁assembly . ▁He ▁was ▁seen ▁by ▁many ▁New ▁York ers ▁as ▁the ▁next ▁in ▁a ▁line ▁of ▁royal ▁govern ors ▁who ▁" had ▁in ▁a ▁most ▁arbitrary ▁way ▁sub verted ▁our ▁ancient ▁privile ges ". ▁Nich ol son ▁justified ▁his ▁rule ▁by ▁stating ▁that ▁the ▁colon ists ▁were ▁" a ▁conqu ered ▁people , ▁and ▁therefore ... ▁could ▁not ▁so ▁much ▁[ as ] ▁claim ▁rights ▁and ▁priv iled ges ▁as ▁English men ". ▁ ▁In ▁late ▁ 1 6 8 8 , ▁the ▁Gl orious ▁Revolution ▁de posed ▁the ▁Catholic ▁King ▁James ▁and ▁replaced ▁him ▁with ▁the ▁Protest ants ▁William ▁III ▁and ▁Mary ▁II . ▁The ▁rule ▁of ▁And ros ▁was ▁highly ▁un pop ular , ▁especially ▁in ▁New ▁England , ▁and ▁his ▁opponents ▁in ▁Massachusetts ▁used ▁the ▁change ▁of ▁royal ▁power ▁for ▁their ▁political ▁benefit ▁by ▁organ izing ▁an ▁up r ising . ▁ ▁On ▁April ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 6 8 9 , ▁a ▁mob ▁formed ▁in ▁Boston ▁led ▁by ▁former ▁Massachusetts ▁political ▁figures , ▁and ▁they ▁arrested ▁And ros ▁and ▁other ▁domin ion ▁officials . ▁This ▁led ▁to ▁a ▁cas c ade ▁of ▁events ▁in ▁which ▁Massachusetts ▁and ▁the ▁other ▁New ▁England ▁colon ies ▁rapidly ▁restored ▁their ▁pre - domin ion ▁governments . ▁ ▁R ising ▁t ensions ▁Lieutenant ▁Governor ▁Nich ol son |
▁learned ▁of ▁the ▁up r ising ▁in ▁Boston ▁by ▁April ▁ 2 6 . ▁He ▁took ▁no ▁steps ▁to ▁announce ▁news ▁of ▁it ▁or ▁of ▁the ▁revolution ▁in ▁England ▁for ▁fear ▁of ▁raising ▁prospects ▁of ▁rebell ion ▁in ▁New ▁York . ▁Polit icians ▁and ▁milit ia ▁leaders ▁became ▁more ▁assert ive ▁on ▁Long ▁Island ▁when ▁they ▁learned ▁of ▁Boston , ▁and ▁domin ion ▁officials ▁were ▁ou sted ▁from ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁communities ▁by ▁mid - May . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁Nich ol son ▁learned ▁that ▁France ▁had ▁declared ▁war ▁on ▁England , ▁bringing ▁the ▁threat ▁of ▁French ▁and ▁Indian ▁attacks ▁on ▁New ▁York ' s ▁northern ▁front ier . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁short ▁of ▁troops , ▁since ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁g arr ison ▁had ▁been ▁sent ▁by ▁And ros ▁to ▁deal ▁with ▁Indian ▁activity ▁in ▁Maine . ▁He ▁found ▁that ▁his ▁regular s ▁had ▁also ▁been ▁sway ed ▁by ▁popul ists ▁into ▁believing ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁attempting ▁to ▁imp ose ▁Catholic ▁rule ▁on ▁New ▁York . ▁He ▁attempted ▁to ▁m oll ify ▁pan icked ▁citizen ry ▁over ▁rum ored ▁Indian ▁ra ids ▁by ▁inv iting ▁the ▁milit ia ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁army ▁g arr ison ▁at ▁Fort ▁James ▁on ▁Manhattan ▁island . ▁ ▁New ▁York ' s ▁def enses ▁were ▁in ▁poor ▁condition , ▁and ▁Nich ol son ' s ▁council ▁voted ▁to ▁imp ose ▁import ▁duties ▁to ▁improve ▁them . ▁This ▁action ▁was ▁met ▁with ▁immediate ▁resistance , ▁with ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁merch ants ▁ref using ▁to |
▁pay ▁the ▁duty . ▁One ▁in ▁particular ▁was ▁Jacob ▁Le is ler , ▁a ▁well - born ▁German ▁Cal vin ist ▁immigr ant ▁merchant ▁and ▁milit ia ▁captain . ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁a ▁vocal ▁opponent ▁of ▁the ▁domin ion ▁regime , ▁which ▁he ▁saw ▁as ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁imp ose ▁pop ery ▁on ▁the ▁province , ▁and ▁he ▁may ▁have ▁played ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁sub ver ting ▁Nich ol son ' s ▁regular s . ▁ ▁On ▁May ▁ 2 2 , ▁Nich ol son ' s ▁council ▁was ▁petition ed ▁by ▁the ▁milit ia , ▁who ▁sought ▁more ▁rapid ▁improvement ▁to ▁the ▁city ' s ▁def enses ▁and ▁also ▁wanted ▁access ▁to ▁the ▁powder ▁magazine ▁in ▁the ▁fort . ▁This ▁latter ▁request ▁was ▁denied , ▁height ening ▁concerns ▁that ▁the ▁city ▁had ▁in ade quate ▁powder ▁supplies . ▁This ▁concern ▁was ▁further ▁ex acer b ated ▁when ▁city ▁leaders ▁began ▁hunting ▁through ▁the ▁city ▁for ▁additional ▁supplies . ▁ ▁Reb ell ion ▁Nich ol son ▁made ▁an ▁int emper ate ▁remark ▁to ▁a ▁milit ia ▁officer ▁on ▁May ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 1 6 8 9 , ▁and ▁the ▁incident ▁fl ared ▁into ▁open ▁rebell ion . ▁Nich ol son ▁was ▁well ▁known ▁for ▁his ▁temper , ▁and ▁he ▁told ▁the ▁officer , ▁" I ▁rather ▁would ▁see ▁the ▁Tow ne ▁on ▁fire ▁than ▁to ▁be ▁commanded ▁by ▁you ". ▁Rum ors ▁flew ▁around ▁the ▁town ▁that ▁Nich ol son ▁was ▁prepared ▁to ▁burn ▁it ▁down . ▁He ▁summon ed |
▁the ▁officer ▁and ▁demanded ▁that ▁he ▁surrender ▁his ▁commission . ▁Abraham ▁de ▁Pe yster ▁was ▁the ▁officer ' s ▁commander ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁wealth iest ▁men ▁in ▁the ▁city , ▁and ▁he ▁engaged ▁in ▁a ▁heated ▁argument ▁with ▁Nich ol son , ▁after ▁which ▁de ▁Pe yster ▁and ▁his ▁brother ▁Johann is , ▁also ▁a ▁milit ia ▁captain , ▁storm ed ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁council ▁chamber . ▁ ▁The ▁milit ia ▁was ▁called ▁out ▁and ▁desc ended ▁en ▁m asse ▁to ▁Fort ▁James , ▁which ▁they ▁occupied . ▁An ▁officer ▁was ▁sent ▁to ▁the ▁council ▁to ▁demand ▁the ▁keys ▁to ▁the ▁powder ▁magazine , ▁which ▁Nich ol son ▁eventually ▁sur rend ered ▁to ▁" h inder ▁and ▁prevent ▁blood s hed ▁and ▁further ▁m isch ie fe ". ▁The ▁following ▁day , ▁a ▁council ▁of ▁milit ia ▁officers ▁called ▁on ▁Jacob ▁Le is ler ▁to ▁take ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁milit ia . ▁He ▁did ▁so , ▁and ▁the ▁reb els ▁issued ▁a ▁declaration ▁that ▁they ▁would ▁hold ▁the ▁fort ▁on ▁behalf ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁mon arch s ▁until ▁they ▁sent ▁a ▁properly ▁acc red ited ▁governor . ▁ ▁Le is ler ' s ▁exact ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁milit ia ▁up r ising ▁is ▁unknown , ▁but ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁observations ▁point ▁to ▁his ▁involvement . ▁He ▁and ▁milit ia ▁captain ▁Charles ▁L ode wick ▁presented ▁the ▁petition ▁on ▁May 2 2 . ▁J ost ▁St oll , ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁officers , ▁led ▁the ▁milit ia ▁to ▁the ▁gates ▁of |
▁Fort ▁James , ▁and ▁another ▁of ▁his ▁officers ▁delivered ▁the ▁demand ▁for ▁the ▁keys ▁to ▁the ▁powder ▁magazine . ▁However , ▁none ▁of ▁the ▁depos itions ▁which ▁Nich ol son ▁collected ▁prior ▁to ▁his ▁departure ▁directly ▁im plic ates ▁Le is ler ▁as ▁a ▁r ingle ader . ▁ ▁Le is ler ▁takes ▁control ▁ ▁At ▁this ▁point , ▁the ▁milit ia ▁controlled ▁the ▁fort ▁which ▁gave ▁them ▁control ▁over ▁the ▁har bor . ▁When ▁ships ▁arrived ▁in ▁the ▁har bor , ▁they ▁brought ▁passengers ▁and ▁capt ains ▁directly ▁to ▁the ▁fort , ▁cutting ▁off ▁outside ▁communications ▁to ▁Nich ol son ▁and ▁his ▁council . ▁On ▁June 6 , ▁Nich ol son ▁decided ▁to ▁leave ▁for ▁England ▁and ▁began ▁gathering ▁depos itions ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁proceedings ▁there . ▁He ▁left ▁the ▁city ▁on ▁June 1 0 ▁for ▁the ▁Jersey ▁shore ▁where ▁he ▁hoped ▁to ▁join ▁Thomas ▁D ong an , ▁who ▁was ▁expected ▁to ▁sail ▁for ▁England ▁soon ▁there after . ▁ ▁Le is ler ' s ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁province ▁was ▁limited ▁at ▁first . ▁His ▁council ors ▁were ▁Dutch ▁pat ro ons ▁Nicholas ▁Bay ard , ▁Ste phan us ▁van ▁Cort land t , ▁and ▁Frederick ▁Philip se , ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁still ▁in ▁the ▁city . ▁They ▁did ▁not ▁recognize ▁his ▁authority , ▁nor ▁did ▁the ▁city ' s ▁civil ▁administration , ▁with ▁van ▁Cort land t ▁as ▁mayor . ▁A ▁pro clam ation ▁was ▁made ▁in ▁Hart ford , ▁Connecticut ▁concerning ▁William ▁and ▁Mary , ▁and ▁both |
▁sides ▁of ▁the ▁controversy ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁r aced ▁to ▁meet ▁the ▁mess enger ▁bringing ▁copies ▁of ▁the ▁pro clam ation . ▁Le is ler ' s ▁agents ▁won ▁the ▁race , ▁and ▁Le is ler ▁published ▁the ▁pro clam ation ▁on ▁June 2 2 . ▁Two ▁days ▁later , ▁van ▁Cort land t ▁received ▁a ▁copy ▁of ▁the ▁official ▁notice ▁that ▁William ▁and ▁Mary ▁had ▁prepared ▁for ▁And ros . ▁The ▁transmission ▁of ▁this ▁document ▁had ▁been ▁delayed ▁at ▁the ▁be hest ▁of ▁Massachusetts ▁agents ▁in ▁London . ▁ ▁It ▁specifically ▁retained ▁all ▁non - C ath olic ▁office holders ▁until ▁further ▁notice , ▁and ▁technically ▁legit im ized ▁the ▁rule ▁of ▁the ▁council ▁in ▁Nich ol son ' s ▁absence . ▁In ▁accordance ▁with ▁this ▁document , ▁van ▁Cort land t ▁fired ▁the ▁customs ▁col lector , ▁who ▁was ▁Catholic , ▁and ▁replaced ▁him ▁with ▁Bay ard ▁and ▁others ▁to ▁over see ▁customs ▁activities . ▁Le is ler ▁object ed ▁to ▁this ▁assert ion ▁of ▁power ▁and ▁desc ended ▁on ▁the ▁customs ▁house ▁with ▁a ▁tro op ▁of ▁milit ia . ▁Account s ▁left ▁by ▁both ▁sides ▁of ▁the ▁dispute ▁state ▁that ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁near ▁ri ot , ▁and ▁Bay ard ▁claimed ▁to ▁barely ▁escape ▁being ▁killed ▁by ▁a ▁mob . ▁Bay ard ▁then ▁fled ▁to ▁Alb any , ▁followed ▁by ▁van ▁Cort land t ▁a ▁few ▁days ▁later . ▁Philip se ▁withd rew ▁from ▁political ▁life , ▁leaving ▁Le is ler ▁in ▁effective ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁city . |
▁ ▁On ▁June ▁ 2 6 , ▁a ▁convention ▁composed ▁of ▁deleg ates ▁from ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁communities ▁from ▁lower ▁New ▁York ▁and ▁East ▁Jersey ▁established ▁a ▁committee ▁of ▁safety ▁to ▁over see ▁affairs . ▁This ▁committee ▁essentially ▁became ▁the ▁nucle us ▁of ▁Le is ler ' s ▁later ▁government . ▁They ▁chose ▁Le is ler ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁province ' s ▁commander - in - ch ief ▁" t ill ▁orders ▁shall ▁come ▁from ▁their ▁Maj est ies ." ▁ ▁Through ▁July ▁and ▁August , ▁his ▁hand - p icked ▁milit ia ▁exerc ised ▁de ▁fact o ▁control ▁over ▁the ▁city , ▁fin anced ▁by ▁provincial ▁funds ▁which ▁Nich ol son ▁had ▁depos ited ▁in ▁the ▁fort . ▁He ▁was ▁assist ed ▁by ▁sym pathetic ▁officials ▁from ▁Connecticut ▁who ▁sent ▁a ▁tro op ▁of ▁milit ia ▁to ▁assist ▁in ▁holding ▁the ▁fort . ▁Nich ol son ' s ▁company ▁of ▁regular s ▁was ▁formally ▁dis band ed ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 , ▁about ▁the ▁same ▁time ▁that ▁formal ▁word ▁arrived ▁that ▁France ▁and ▁England ▁were ▁at ▁war . ▁ ▁Le is ler ▁dis pat ched ▁J ost ▁St oll ▁and ▁Matthew ▁Clark son ▁to ▁England ▁on ▁August 1 5 ▁to ▁bol ster ▁his ▁position ▁with ▁the ▁government ▁in ▁London . ▁They ▁carried ▁documents ▁intended ▁to ▁support ▁accus ations ▁that ▁Nich ol son ▁had ▁been ▁con sp iring ▁against ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁and ▁to ▁justify ▁the ▁propri ety ▁of ▁Le is ler ' s ▁actions ▁against ▁his ▁" op press |
ive " ▁rule . ▁The ▁agents ▁were ▁instruct ed ▁to ▁request ▁a ▁new ▁char ter ▁for ▁the ▁province ▁and ▁to ▁claim ▁that ▁the ▁united ▁colon ies ▁could ▁defeat ▁New ▁France ▁without ▁assistance ▁from ▁the ▁home ▁country . ▁He ▁made ▁no ▁specific ▁requests ▁that ▁the ▁new ▁char ter ▁include ▁any ▁sort ▁of ▁democratic ▁representation . ▁ ▁An ▁election ▁ordered ▁Le is ler ' s ▁committee ▁of ▁safety ▁formally ▁to ▁turn ▁van ▁Cort land t ▁out ▁of ▁office ▁in ▁October , ▁consolid ating ▁Le is ler ' s ▁command ▁over ▁New ▁York ▁except ▁the ▁Alb any ▁area . ▁According ▁to ▁Bay ard , ▁the ▁turn out ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁was ▁extremely ▁low , ▁with ▁barely ▁ 1 0 0 ▁voters ▁participating . ▁Council ors ▁Bay ard ▁and ▁Philip se ▁issued ▁a ▁pro clam ation ▁on ▁October 2 0 ▁calling ▁Le is ler ' s ▁rule ▁illegal , ▁and ▁ordered ▁other ▁milit ia ▁command ers ▁to ▁stop ▁supporting ▁him . ▁The ▁pro clam ation ▁had ▁no ▁effect . ▁ ▁Res istance ▁in ▁Alb any ▁ ▁Le is ler ' s ▁opponents ▁had ▁assumed ▁control ▁of ▁Alb any ▁and ▁the ▁immediate ▁area . ▁On ▁July ▁ 1 , ▁they ▁formally ▁pro claimed ▁William ▁and ▁Mary ▁and , ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 , ▁established ▁a ▁convention ▁to ▁rule . ▁The ▁convention ▁included ▁local ▁milit ia ▁leaders ▁and ▁the ▁city ▁f athers ▁of ▁Alb any , ▁wealthy ▁land owners ▁from ▁the ▁Hudson ▁River ▁valley , ▁and ▁it ▁became ▁the ▁nucle us ▁of ▁anti - Le is ler |
▁activities ▁in ▁the ▁province . ▁The ▁convention ▁categor ically ▁refused ▁to ▁recognize ▁Le is ler ' s ▁rule ▁unless ▁he ▁presented ▁a ▁commission ▁from ▁William ▁and ▁Mary . ▁ ▁Alb any ' s ▁situation ▁became ▁tense ▁in ▁September ▁when ▁local ▁Indians ▁brought ▁rum ors ▁of ▁an ▁im min ent ▁attack ▁from ▁French ▁Canada . ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁inter dict ing ▁movement ▁of ▁military ▁supplies ▁up ▁the ▁Hudson , ▁so ▁Alb any ▁officials ▁ended ▁up ▁making ▁an ▁appeal ▁to ▁him . ▁He ▁responded ▁by ▁sending ▁Jacob ▁Mil borne , ▁a ▁close ▁advis or ▁and ▁future ▁son - in - law , ▁with ▁a ▁milit ia ▁tro op ▁to ▁take ▁military ▁control ▁of ▁Alb any ▁in ▁November . ▁ ▁However , ▁the ▁convention ▁object ed ▁to ▁the ▁terms ▁that ▁Mil borne ▁demanded ▁in ▁exchange ▁for ▁his ▁support , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁refused ▁entry ▁to ▁the ▁city ▁and ▁Fort ▁Frederick . ▁He ▁was ▁warned ▁by ▁an ▁I ro qu ois ▁woman ▁that ▁a ▁large ▁body ▁of ▁Indians ▁near ▁Alb any ▁saw ▁him ▁as ▁a ▁threat ▁to ▁their ▁friends ▁in ▁Alb any ▁and ▁would ▁react ▁if ▁he ▁attempted ▁to ▁assert ▁military ▁control ▁over ▁the ▁area . ▁Mil borne ▁returned ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁City . ▁The ▁convention ▁also ▁appe aled ▁to ▁the ▁neighbor ing ▁colon ies ▁for ▁military ▁assistance , ▁which ▁Connecticut ▁answered ▁by ▁sending ▁ 8 0 mil it iam en ▁to ▁Alb any ▁in ▁late ▁November . ▁ ▁Le is ler ▁finally ▁gained ▁control ▁over ▁Alb any ▁early ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 0 |
. ▁He ▁called ▁for ▁elections ▁at ▁Sche ne ct ady ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 6 9 0 , ▁in ▁a ▁move ▁calculated ▁to ▁divide ▁neighbor ing ▁communities . ▁In ▁early ▁February , ▁during ▁King ▁William ' s ▁War , ▁Sche ne ct ady ▁was ▁attacked ▁by ▁French ▁and ▁Indian ▁raid ers , ▁expos ing ▁the ▁weakness ▁of ▁the ▁Alb any ▁Convention ' s ▁position . ▁Each ▁side ▁bl amed ▁the ▁other ▁for ▁the ▁failure ▁to ▁defend ▁Sche ne ct ady , ▁but ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁capital ize ▁on ▁the ▁situation . ▁He ▁convinced ▁Connecticut ▁to ▁withdraw ▁its ▁milit ia ▁and ▁sent ▁his ▁own ▁milit ia ▁north ▁to ▁take ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁area . ▁The ▁convention ▁capit ulated , ▁lacking ▁any ▁significant ▁outside ▁support . ▁ ▁Le is ler ' s ▁rule ▁A ▁letter ▁arrived ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 6 8 9 ▁from ▁William ▁and ▁Mary ▁addressed ▁to ▁Nich ol son ▁or ▁" in ▁his ▁absence ▁to ▁such ▁as ▁for ▁the ▁time ▁being ▁take ▁care ▁for ▁preserv ing ▁the ▁peace ▁and ▁administer ing ▁the ▁laws ▁in ▁our ▁said ▁Province ▁of ▁New ▁York ". ▁The ▁recipient ▁was ▁instruct ed ▁to ▁" take ▁upon ▁you ▁the ▁government ▁of ▁the ▁said ▁province ". ▁The ▁mess enger ▁apparently ▁sought ▁to ▁deliver ▁the ▁message ▁to ▁van ▁Cort land t ▁and ▁Philip se , ▁but ▁Le is ler ' s ▁milit ia ▁had ▁him ▁seized . ▁Le is ler ▁used ▁this ▁document ▁to ▁claim ▁legit im acy ▁for ▁his ▁govern ance , ▁began ▁sty ling ▁himself ▁" |
lie utenant ▁governor ", ▁and ▁established ▁a ▁governor ' s ▁council ▁to ▁replace ▁the ▁committee ▁of ▁safety . ▁ ▁Le is ler ▁then ▁began ▁attempting ▁to ▁collect ▁taxes ▁and ▁customs ▁duties . ▁He ▁was ▁in ▁part ▁successful , ▁although ▁he ▁met ▁with ▁significant ▁resistance ▁from ▁officials ▁opposed ▁to ▁his ▁rule . ▁Some ▁were ▁arrested , ▁and ▁most ▁of ▁those ▁who ▁refused ▁to ▁act ▁on ▁his ▁instructions ▁were ▁replaced . ▁By ▁April 1 6 9 0 , ▁virtually ▁every ▁community ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁had ▁officials ▁appointed ▁by ▁Le is ler ▁in ▁some ▁of ▁its ▁posts . ▁These ▁appointed ▁officials ▁represented ▁a ▁cross - section ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁society ▁and ▁included ▁prominent ▁Dutch ▁and ▁English ▁residents . ▁ ▁However , ▁resistance ▁continued ▁to ▁his ▁policies , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁attacked ▁by ▁a ▁small ▁mob ▁on ▁June ▁ 6 ▁who ▁demanded ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁political ▁prisoners ▁and ▁refused ▁to ▁pay ▁taxes ▁which ▁he ▁had ▁imposed . ▁In ▁October ▁ 1 6 9 0 , ▁diverse ▁communities ▁protest ed ▁his ▁rule , ▁from ▁Dutch ▁Har lem ▁to ▁Protest ant ▁English ▁Queens ▁County ▁to ▁Alb any . ▁ ▁Le is ler ' s ▁principal ▁activity ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 0 ▁was ▁the ▁organization ▁of ▁an ▁expedition ▁against ▁New ▁France . ▁This ▁idea ▁first ▁began ▁to ▁take ▁shape ▁in ▁a ▁meeting ▁in ▁May ▁with ▁representatives ▁from ▁the ▁neighbor ing ▁colon ies . ▁To ▁provide ▁for ▁New ▁York ' s ▁troops , ▁he ▁ordered ▁merch ants ▁to ▁offer ▁up ▁their ▁goods ▁and ▁broke ▁into ▁their ▁store h ouses |
▁if ▁they ▁did ▁not . ▁He ▁kept ▁a ▁fairly ▁careful ▁account ▁of ▁these ▁activities , ▁and ▁many ▁merch ants ▁were ▁later ▁rep aid . ▁Connecticut ▁officials ▁were ▁unw illing ▁to ▁grant ▁command ▁to ▁Jacob ▁Mil borne , ▁Le is ler ' s ▁choice ▁of ▁commander , ▁c iting ▁the ▁experience ▁of ▁their ▁own ▁command ers . ▁Le is ler ▁acqu ies ced ▁to ▁their ▁choice ▁of ▁Fitz - John ▁Win th rop . ▁ ▁The ▁expedition ▁was ▁a ▁complete ▁failure , ▁diss olving ▁amid st ▁disease ▁and ▁difficulties ▁in ▁transport ▁and ▁supply . ▁However , ▁Win th rop ▁did ▁av enge ▁the ▁Sche ne ct ady ▁mass acre ▁of ▁February 1 6 9 0 , ▁to ▁some ▁extent , ▁by ▁sending ▁a ▁small ▁party ▁north ▁to ▁raid ▁La ▁Pra ir ie , ▁Quebec . ▁Le is ler ▁bl amed ▁Win th rop ▁for ▁the ▁failure ▁( for ▁which ▁there ▁were ▁numerous ▁causes ) ▁and ▁briefly ▁arrested ▁him , ▁el ic iting ▁protests ▁from ▁Connecticut ▁Governor ▁Robert ▁Treat . ▁ ▁Royal ▁response ▁King ▁William ▁III ▁commissioned ▁Colonel ▁Henry ▁Sl ough ter ▁to ▁be ▁provincial ▁governor ▁in ▁late ▁ 1 6 9 0 , ▁but ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁issues ▁delayed ▁Sl ough ter ' s ▁departure ▁from ▁England . ▁His ▁ship ▁was ▁then ▁further ▁delayed ▁by ▁bad ▁weather , ▁and ▁the ▁ship ▁carrying ▁his ▁lieutenant ▁governor ▁Major ▁Richard ▁Ing old es by ▁was ▁first ▁to ▁arrive ▁in ▁January 1 6 9 1 . ▁Ing old es by ▁lack ed ▁official ▁documents ▁( which |
▁were ▁on ▁Sl ough ter ' s ▁ship ), ▁but ▁he ▁insisted ▁that ▁Le is ler ▁surrender ▁the ▁government ▁and ▁Fort ▁James ▁to ▁him . ▁ ▁There ▁was ▁minor ▁sk irm ishing ▁during ▁six ▁weeks ▁of ▁stub born ▁resistance ▁on ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁stub born ▁imper ious ▁behavior ▁on ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁Ing old es by , ▁and ▁the ▁city ▁was ▁split ▁into ▁armed ▁camps ▁with ▁several ▁hundred ▁Le is ler ▁supporters ▁occup ying ▁the ▁fort . ▁Ing old es by ▁was ▁supported ▁in ▁his ▁efforts ▁by ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁domin ion ▁council . ▁By ▁mid - M arch , ▁Ing old es by ▁had ▁surrounded ▁the ▁fort ▁and ▁was ▁threatening ▁to ▁take ▁it ▁by ▁storm . ▁Le is ler ▁occasionally ▁had ▁the ▁fort ' s ▁guns ▁fired ▁at ▁suspicious ▁movements , ▁but ▁these ▁only ▁succeeded ▁in ▁killing ▁a ▁few ▁colon ists . ▁ ▁Sl ough ter ▁arrived ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁amid ▁this ▁tension ▁and ▁pro claimed ▁his ▁commission ▁on ▁March ▁ 1 9 , ▁demanding ▁that ▁Le is ler ▁surrender ▁the ▁fort . ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁not ▁certain ▁that ▁Sl ough ter ▁was ▁in ▁fact ▁the ▁person ▁appointed , ▁but ▁J ost ▁St oll ▁had ▁been ▁to ▁London ▁and ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁convince ▁him ▁that ▁Sl ough ter ▁was ▁legitimate . ▁Le is ler ▁then ▁sent ▁em iss aries ▁out ▁to ▁negoti ate ▁with ▁Sl ough ter , ▁but ▁he ▁stated ▁that ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁negoti ate ▁with ▁his ▁subjects ▁and ▁had ▁them ▁arrested . ▁Le |
is ler ▁repeatedly ▁re buff ed ▁Sl ough ter ' s ▁demands , ▁but ▁he ▁was ▁eventually ▁convinced ▁to ▁surrender , ▁probably ▁by ▁his ▁now - rest ive ▁g arr ison . ▁Sl ough ter ▁had ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁ten ▁others ▁arrested ▁on ▁charges ▁of ▁tre ason ▁and ▁imprison ed ▁in ▁the ▁fort ▁which ▁they ▁had ▁just ▁been ▁occup ying . ▁ ▁Execut ion ▁Sl ough ter ▁established ▁a ▁special ▁Court ▁of ▁O yer ▁and ▁Term iner ▁to ▁hear ▁the ▁trials ▁of ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁other ▁defend ants . ▁Some ▁individuals ▁were ▁not ▁charged , ▁including ▁Abraham ▁De ▁Pe yster ▁and ▁Charles ▁L ode wick , ▁the ▁apparent ▁r ingle aders ▁of ▁the ▁initial ▁milit ia ▁action . ▁The ▁panel ▁of ▁judges ▁included ▁a ▁significant ▁number ▁of ▁anti - Le is ler ians , ▁including ▁Richard ▁Ing old es by , ▁and ▁was ▁pres ided ▁over ▁by ▁former ▁domin ion ▁official ▁Joseph ▁D ud ley . ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁ar ra igned ▁by ▁this ▁court ▁on ▁March 3 1 . ▁ ▁The ▁main ▁charge ▁against ▁him ▁concerned ▁the ▁milit ant ▁resistance ▁to ▁Ing old es by ' s ▁attempts ▁to ▁take ▁control . ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁his ▁son - in - law ▁Jacob ▁Mil borne ▁both ▁refused ▁to ▁acknowledge ▁the ▁legit im acy ▁of ▁the ▁court , ▁and ▁did ▁not ▁enter ▁ple as . ▁Le is ler ▁asked ▁for ▁and ▁was ▁granted ▁counsel , ▁even ▁though ▁English ▁law ▁did ▁not ▁mand ate ▁it . ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁other |
▁defend ants ▁acknowledged ▁the ▁court ' s ▁legit im acy ▁and ▁ple aded ▁not ▁guilty . ▁On ▁April 1 , ▁Le is ler ▁was ▁ar ra igned ▁on ▁a ▁count ▁of ▁murder ▁over ▁an ▁incident ▁that ▁had ▁taken ▁place ▁during ▁his ▁rule . ▁ ▁On ▁April ▁ 9 , ▁Sl ough ter ▁conven ed ▁a ▁new ▁colonial ▁assembly . ▁It ▁passed ▁a ▁bill ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 7 ▁condem ning ▁Le is ler ' s ▁government ▁and ▁activities , ▁despite ▁attempts ▁by ▁pro - Le is ler ians ▁to ▁control ▁the ▁body , ▁and ▁even ▁bl amed ▁him ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 6 9 0 ▁Sche ne ct ady ▁Mass acre . ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁Mil borne ▁were ▁convicted ▁on ▁April 1 7 , ▁after ▁repeated ▁attempts ▁by ▁the ▁court ▁to ▁get ▁them ▁to ▁enter ▁ple as , ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁sent enced ▁to ▁be ▁" h anged , ▁drawn ▁and ▁quarter ed , ▁and ▁their ▁est ates ▁conf isc ated ." ▁No ▁execution ▁was ▁scheduled . ▁ ▁There ▁matters ▁stood ▁until ▁mid - May . ▁By ▁early ▁May , ▁the ▁court ▁had ▁heard ▁ 3 2 cases , ▁convicted ▁and ▁sent enced ▁eight ▁men ▁to ▁death ▁( including ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁Mil borne ), ▁and ▁either ▁acqu itted ▁or ▁p ard oned ▁the ▁rest . ▁Part isan ▁forces , ▁however , ▁continued ▁to ▁be ▁active . ▁Anti - Le is ler ▁forces ▁ag itated ▁for ▁his ▁execution , ▁and ▁there ▁were ▁ri ots ▁on ▁St aten ▁Island |
▁in ▁late ▁April , ▁supposed ly ▁inst ig ated ▁by ▁Le is ler ▁supporters . ▁ ▁Sl ough ter , ▁however , ▁believed ▁that ▁the ▁execut ions ▁should ▁be ▁stayed ▁until ▁the ▁king ' s ▁will ▁could ▁be ▁known . ▁On ▁May ▁ 7 , ▁he ▁sent ▁reports ▁to ▁the ▁king ▁and ▁the ▁L ords ▁of ▁Trade ▁describing ▁the ▁situation ▁and ▁including ▁the ▁trial ▁trans cript s . ▁The ▁letter ▁to ▁the ▁king ▁painted ▁Le is ler ▁in ▁an ▁extremely ▁negative ▁light , ▁and ▁neither ▁report ▁mentioned ▁the ▁death ▁sentence . ▁ ▁On ▁May ▁ 1 4 , ▁the ▁court ▁refused ▁to ▁transport ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁Mil borne ▁to ▁England ▁for ▁appeal , ▁and ▁Sl ough ter ' s ▁council ▁was ▁dominated ▁by ▁anti - Le is ler ians ▁who ▁urged ▁him ▁to ▁execute ▁the ▁two ▁men . ▁He ▁acqu ies ced ▁and ▁signed ▁the ▁death ▁war r ants ▁that ▁evening . ▁Nicholas ▁Bay ard ▁and ▁others ▁claim ▁that ▁Sl ough ter ▁was ▁drunk ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁( or ▁at ▁least ▁strongly ▁under ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁alcohol ), ▁and ▁accus ations ▁circul ated ▁afterward ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁been ▁b ribed . ▁On ▁May ▁ 1 6 , ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁Mil borne ▁were ▁executed ▁by ▁hanging . ▁ ▁Le is ler ▁is ▁reported ▁to ▁have ▁made ▁a ▁long ▁speech , ▁claiming ▁that ▁he ▁acted ▁" for ▁the ▁glory ▁of ▁the ▁Protest ant ▁interest , ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁present ▁government ", ▁and ▁to ▁protect ▁the ▁province ▁from ▁outside ▁forces . ▁The |
▁remains ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁men ▁were ▁buried ▁beneath ▁the ▁gall ows , ▁and ▁their ▁est ates ▁were ▁seized ▁by ▁att ain der . ▁On ▁May 1 9 , ▁Governor ▁Sl ough ter ▁issued ▁a ▁pro clam ation ▁of ▁am n esty ▁for ▁all ▁except ▁about ▁ 2 0 named ▁individuals . ▁ ▁After math ▁The ▁execution ▁made ▁mart yr s ▁of ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁Mil borne ▁and ▁did ▁nothing ▁to ▁less en ▁the ▁deep ▁divisions ▁between ▁pro - ▁and ▁anti - Le is ler ian ▁fa ctions . ▁His ▁supporters ▁sent ▁agents ▁to ▁London , ▁eventually ▁joined ▁by ▁his ▁son ▁Jacob , ▁to ▁petition ▁the ▁government ▁for ▁red ress . ▁In ▁January ▁ 1 6 9 2 , ▁their ▁petition ▁was ▁heard ▁by ▁the ▁king , ▁and ▁the ▁L ords ▁of ▁Trade ▁recommended ▁p ard ons ▁for ▁the ▁convicted ▁in ▁April . ▁On ▁, ▁Queen ▁Mary ▁instruct ed ▁incoming ▁governor ▁Benjamin ▁F let cher ▁to ▁p ardon ▁the ▁six ▁remaining ▁prisoners . ▁ ▁Governor ▁Sl ough ter ' s ▁sudden ▁death ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 1 6 9 1 , ▁was ▁viewed ▁in ▁some ▁circles ▁with ▁suspicion ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁been ▁poison ed , ▁although ▁the ▁aut ops y ▁indicated ▁that ▁the ▁cause ▁was ▁p neum onia . ▁He ▁left ▁behind ▁a ▁letter ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁claimed ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁" con str ained " ▁by ▁the ▁forces ▁around ▁him ▁to ▁order ▁the ▁execution . ▁Other ▁acts ▁during ▁his ▁ten ure ▁also ▁spark ed ▁comment . ▁Ing |
old es by ▁took ▁the ▁re ins ▁of ▁government ▁after ▁his ▁death ▁and ▁accused ▁him ▁of ▁pocket ing ▁£ 1 , 1 0 0 ▁intended ▁to ▁pay ▁the ▁troops , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁said ▁to ▁have ▁seized ▁a ▁prize ▁ship ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁captured ▁and ▁sold ▁at ▁auction ▁during ▁his ▁time ▁in ▁office , ▁and ▁then ▁sold ▁it ▁a ▁second ▁time . ▁ ▁One ▁of ▁Le is ler ' s ▁supporters ▁had ▁stopped ▁in ▁Boston ▁while ▁en ▁route ▁to ▁England ▁and ▁was ▁offered ▁support ▁by ▁Sir ▁William ▁P hip s , ▁the ▁new ▁governor ▁of ▁the ▁Province ▁of ▁Massachusetts ▁Bay . ▁Massachusetts ▁agents ▁in ▁London ▁then ▁worked ▁on ▁behalf ▁of ▁Le is ler ' s ▁he irs ▁to ▁have ▁the ▁att ain der ▁revers ed ▁and ▁the ▁family ▁properties ▁restored . ▁A ▁bill ▁was ▁introduced ▁into ▁Parliament ▁to ▁do ▁so ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 5 , ▁with ▁the ▁assistance ▁of ▁Massachusetts ▁supporters ▁Sir ▁Henry ▁Ash ur ts ▁and ▁Sir ▁Constant ine ▁Henry ▁P hip ps . ▁The ▁bill ▁quickly ▁passed ▁in ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁L ords , ▁although ▁anti - Le is ler ian ▁agents ▁succeeded ▁in ▁having ▁it ▁sent ▁to ▁committee ▁in ▁the ▁lower ▁chamber . ▁It ▁was ▁finally ▁passed ▁on ▁, ▁after ▁extensive ▁hear ings ▁in ▁which ▁Joseph ▁D ud ley ▁def ended ▁his ▁actions ▁by ▁acc using ▁Le is ler ▁of ▁impro per ly ▁se izing ▁power ▁because ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁foreign er . ▁It ▁received ▁the ▁royal ▁ass ent ▁the ▁next ▁day . ▁ ▁However , ▁it ▁was |
▁not ▁until ▁ 1 6 9 8 ▁that ▁Le is ler ' s ▁he irs ▁finally ▁received ▁their ▁due . ▁The ▁Earl ▁of ▁Bell om ont ▁arrived ▁that ▁year , ▁commissioned ▁as ▁New ▁York ' s ▁governor ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 5 ▁and ▁an ▁out sp oken ▁supp orter ▁of ▁Le is ler ▁in ▁the ▁parliament ary ▁debate . ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁office ▁in ▁ 1 7 0 1 , ▁but ▁during ▁his ▁ten ure ▁he ▁placed ▁pro - Le is ler ians ▁in ▁key ▁positions ▁in ▁his ▁government . ▁He ▁overs aw ▁the ▁restoration ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁estate , ▁and ▁had ▁the ▁bodies ▁of ▁Le is ler ▁and ▁Mil borne ▁properly ▁re bur ied ▁in ▁the ▁yard ▁of ▁the ▁Dutch ▁Re form ▁Church . ▁ ▁Pro - ▁and ▁anti - Le is ler ▁fa ctions ▁remained ▁in ▁cont ention ▁at ▁the ▁provincial ▁level ▁until ▁the ▁arrival ▁of ▁Governor ▁Robert ▁Hunter ▁in ▁ 1 7 1 0 . ▁Over ▁time , ▁the ▁Le is ler ians ▁t ended ▁to ▁associate ▁with ▁the ▁British ▁Wh ig ▁f action , ▁and ▁the ▁anti - Le is ler ians ▁with ▁the ▁T ories . ▁Hunter ▁was ▁a ▁Wh ig ▁who ▁generally ▁fav ored ▁the ▁Le is ler ians , ▁but ▁he ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁calm ▁the ▁bit tern ess ▁that ▁existed ▁between ▁the ▁fa ctions . ▁ ▁Sign ific ance ▁ ▁As ▁Water man ▁shows , ▁many ▁histor ians ▁see ▁the ▁rebell ion ▁as ▁a ▁Dutch ▁revol t ▁against ▁English ▁control . ▁However , ▁Le |
is ler ▁failed ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁backing ▁of ▁the ▁Dutch ▁Re formed ▁Church . ▁Le is ler , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁a ▁German ▁Re formed ▁minister , ▁explo ited ▁popular ▁anti - C ath olic ism ▁and ▁was ▁supported ▁by ▁art is ans ▁and ▁small ▁traders ▁who ▁opposed ▁the ▁rich ▁merch ants . ▁His ▁followers ▁saw ▁themselves ▁as ▁people ▁who ▁had ▁res isted ▁ang lic ization ▁and ▁were ▁the ▁true ▁he irs ▁of ▁Dutch ▁religion . ▁ ▁Le is ler ' s ▁Reb ell ion ▁follows ▁a ▁pattern , ▁however , ▁with ▁other ▁rebell ions ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁period : ▁B acon ' s ▁Reb ell ion ▁in ▁ 1 6 7 6 , ▁the ▁ 1 6 8 9 ▁Boston ▁revol t ▁that ▁de posed ▁And ros , ▁ 1 6 8 3 ' s ▁failed ▁G ove ' s ▁Reb ell ion ▁in ▁New ▁Hampshire , ▁C ul pe per ' s ▁Reb ell ion ▁in ▁North ▁Carolina ▁in ▁ 1 6 7 7 , ▁and ▁the ▁Protest ant ▁Reb ell ion ▁against ▁the ▁Catholic - dom inated ▁government ▁in ▁Maryland ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 9 . ▁ ▁In ▁all ▁of ▁these ▁rebell ions , ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁middle - class ▁plan ters , ▁merch ants , ▁or ▁tr ades men ▁reb elled ▁against ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁well - ent ren ched ▁el ites ▁who ▁held ▁a ▁mon opol y ▁on ▁power . ▁In ▁none ▁of ▁these ▁cases ▁did ▁participants ▁rebel ▁against ▁British ▁rule . ▁Rather , ▁their ▁struggle ▁was |
▁with ▁local ▁authorities ▁whom ▁they ▁saw ▁as ▁preventing ▁access ▁to ▁greater ▁wealth ▁or ▁power ▁within ▁the ▁British ▁system . ▁At ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁British ▁soldiers ▁on ▁colonial ▁soil ▁and ▁the ▁enforcement ▁of ▁the ▁neg lected ▁Nav igation ▁Act s ▁led ▁to ▁increased ▁tension ▁between ▁colon ists ▁and ▁British ▁forces . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Protest ant ▁Revolution ▁in ▁Maryland ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁The ▁Jacob ▁Le is ler ▁Papers ▁Home page ▁at ▁New ▁York ▁University ▁– ▁virtual ▁archive ▁of ▁Le is ler - related ▁papers ▁ ▁What ▁Was ▁Le is ler ' s ▁Reb ell ion ? ▁at ▁New - Y ork ▁Historical ▁Society ▁– ▁an ▁overview ▁of ▁Le is ler ' s ▁Reb ell ion ▁ ▁Category : 1 6 8 9 ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁Category : 1 6 9 0 ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁Category : 1 6 9 1 ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁Category : 1 6 8 9 ▁in ▁the ▁Th irteen ▁Col on ies ▁Category : 1 6 9 0 ▁in ▁the ▁Th irteen ▁Col on ies ▁Category : 1 6 9 1 ▁in ▁the ▁Th irteen ▁Col on ies ▁Category : Conf lic ts ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 9 ▁Category : Conf lic ts ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 0 ▁Category : Conf lic ts ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 1 ▁Category : Dom in ion ▁of ▁New ▁England ▁Category : G lor ious ▁Revolution ▁Category : Mil itary ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁Th irteen ▁Col on ies |
▁Category : Pre - state hood ▁history ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁( state ) ▁Category : Reb ell ions ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁Z ane ▁Du qu em in ▁( born ▁ 2 3 ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 1 ) ▁is ▁an ▁ath lete ▁representing ▁Jersey ▁and ▁Great ▁Britain ▁who ▁special ises ▁in ▁the ▁shot ▁put ▁and ▁disc us ▁throw . ▁He ▁competed ▁at ▁three ▁consecutive ▁Commonwealth ▁Games ▁starting ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁His ▁sister , ▁Sh ad ine ▁Du qu em in , ▁compet es ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁events ▁as ▁Z ane . ▁ ▁International ▁compet itions ▁ ▁Personal ▁best s ▁Out door ▁Sh ot ▁put ▁– ▁ 1 9 . 4 2 ▁( H ä ss le holm ▁ 2 0 1 3 ) ▁Disc us ▁throw ▁– ▁ 6 3 . 4 6 ▁( H end on ▁ 2 0 1 2 ) ▁Ind oor ▁Sh ot ▁put ▁– ▁ 1 8 . 8 6 ▁( V ä x j ö ▁ 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : J er sey ▁athletes ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁disc us ▁throw ers ▁Category : A thlet es ▁( track ▁and ▁field ) ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Commonwealth ▁Games ▁Category : A thlet es ▁( track ▁and ▁field ) ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Commonwealth ▁Games ▁Category : A thlet es ▁( |
track ▁and ▁field ) ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Commonwealth ▁Games <0x0A> </s> ▁Matt ias ▁El f str öm ▁( born ▁ 8 ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 7 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Swedish ▁professional ▁ice ▁hockey ▁forward ▁currently ▁playing ▁for ▁IF ▁Tro ja / L j ung by ▁of ▁the ▁Hockey ett an ▁( Div . 1 ). ▁He ▁was ▁draft ed ▁by ▁the ▁Detroit ▁Red ▁W ings ▁in ▁the ▁seventh ▁round , ▁ 1 9 7 th ▁overall , ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁N HL ▁Entry ▁D raft . ▁ ▁El f str öm ▁played ▁nine ▁games ▁in ▁the ▁Swedish ▁Hockey ▁League ▁for ▁the ▁Mal m ö ▁Red h aw ks . ▁Appro aching ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 – 1 9 ▁season , ▁El f str öm ▁left ▁V äst erv ik s ▁I K ▁of ▁the ▁Hockey All sv ens kan , ▁moving ▁down ▁a ▁tier ▁to ▁the ▁Hockey ett an ▁with ▁Han h als ▁IF ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Career ▁statistics ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Det roit ▁Red ▁W ings ▁draft ▁picks ▁Category : Mal m ö ▁Red h aw ks ▁players ▁Category : N y bro ▁Vik ings ▁players ▁Category : Sw edish ▁ice ▁hockey ▁for wards ▁Category : Ty ringe ▁So SS ▁players ▁Category : V äst erv ik s ▁I K ▁players |
<0x0A> </s> ▁Maria ▁And rade ▁( born ▁ 1 9 ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Cape ▁Ver de an ▁ta ek w ondo ▁ath lete . ▁ ▁She ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁in ▁Rio ▁de ▁Jane iro ▁in ▁the ▁women ' s ▁ 4 9 ▁kg , ▁where ▁she ▁lost ▁to ▁Pan ip ak ▁W ong p attan ak it ▁in ▁the ▁pre lim in aries . ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁flag ▁bear er ▁for ▁Cape ▁Ver de ▁during ▁the ▁Par ade ▁of ▁Nations ▁and ▁the ▁closing ▁ceremony . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : C ape ▁Ver de an ▁female ▁ta ek w ondo ▁practition ers ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁ta ek w ondo ▁practition ers ▁of ▁Cape ▁Ver de ▁Category : T a ek w ondo ▁practition ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics <0x0A> </s> ▁Match less ▁Am pl ifiers ▁is ▁a ▁Los ▁Angeles - based ▁company ▁which ▁designs ▁and ▁makes ▁electric ▁guitar ▁ampl ifiers , ▁special izing ▁in ▁class - A ▁tube ▁circuit ry . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Mark ▁Sam pson ▁started ▁Match less ▁while ▁living ▁in ▁Hollywood , ▁California ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁He , ▁along ▁with ▁partners ▁Rick ▁Per otta , ▁Steve ▁Good ale ▁and ▁Chris ▁Per ro tta ▁were ▁the ▁initial ▁force ▁behind ▁the ▁company , ▁often ▁working ▁on ▁Rick ' s ▁kitchen ▁table . ▁When ▁Rick |
▁and ▁Mark ▁started ▁working ▁on ▁their ▁first ▁prototype ▁am p , ▁the ▁C - 3 0 , ▁they ▁wanted ▁it ▁to ▁sound ▁significantly ▁better ▁than ▁the ▁ampl ifiers ▁that ▁were ▁currently ▁being ▁mass - produ ced . ▁They ▁also ▁wanted ▁their ▁am ps ▁to ▁take ▁the ▁rig ors ▁of ▁the ▁road ▁and ▁remain ▁completely ▁reliable ▁for ▁musicians ▁who ▁played ▁night ▁after ▁night . ▁ ▁Chris ▁explains ▁" A ▁lot ▁of ▁work ▁went ▁into ▁those ▁early ▁pro tot ypes . ▁Mark ▁and ▁Rick ▁worked ▁tire lessly ▁perfect ing ▁the ▁am p ' s ▁pre - am pl ifier ▁section ▁and ▁tone ▁circ uits . ▁They ▁were ▁very ▁passionate ▁about ▁it . ▁They ' d ▁spend ▁hours ▁reverse - engine ering ▁older ▁transform ers ▁by ▁un r avel ing ▁them ▁and ▁counting ▁every ▁turn ▁of ▁wire . ▁They ' d ▁experiment ▁with ▁different ▁speaker ▁combinations ▁and ▁speaker ▁modifications ." ▁ ▁As ▁part ▁of ▁their ▁research , ▁they ' d ▁sol icit ▁working ▁musicians ▁to ▁play ▁through ▁the ▁pro tot ypes . ▁By ▁listening ▁to ▁their ▁feedback , ▁they ' d ▁incorporate ▁those ▁des irable ▁changes ▁into ▁the ▁am p ▁design . ▁Rick ▁explains ▁" D uring ▁that ▁time , ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁components ▁were ▁getting ▁very ▁difficult ▁to ▁find ▁because ▁the ▁whole ▁industry ▁had ▁embr aced ▁sem icon duct ors ▁and ▁was ▁going ▁away ▁from ▁the ▁older ▁vacuum ▁tube ▁technology . ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁well ▁known ▁tube ▁manufacturers ▁had ▁either ▁shut ▁down ▁production ▁or ▁sold ▁off ▁their ▁tool ing ▁to ▁other ▁countries . ▁We ▁had |
▁to ▁hunt ▁down ▁and ▁purchase ▁N OS ▁( new ▁old ▁stock ) ▁tub es ▁that ▁were ▁ware h ous ed ▁in ▁small ▁lots ▁across ▁the ▁country . ▁We ▁also ▁had ▁to ▁import ▁tub es ▁from ▁other ▁countries . ▁Often , ▁those ▁tub es ▁had ▁a ▁very ▁high ▁re jection ▁rate ▁and ▁didn ' t ▁make ▁the ▁grade , ▁many ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁scr apped ▁out . ▁We ▁had ▁difficulties ▁finding ▁other ▁components ▁as ▁well , ▁like ▁large ▁carbon - com position ▁resist ors . ▁Even ▁commer c ially ▁available ▁transform ers ▁didn ' t ▁seem ▁to ▁do ▁the ▁trick . ▁In ▁the ▁end , ▁we ▁had ▁to ▁have ▁them ▁hand ▁wound ▁in ▁small ▁bat ches ▁by ▁a ▁private ▁company . ▁The ▁transform ers ▁were ▁by ▁far ▁the ▁heav iest ▁and ▁most ▁cost ly ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁am p ; ▁they ▁needed ▁to ▁be ▁because ▁they ▁were ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁it . ▁It ▁wasn ' t ▁just ▁about ▁the ▁am p ' s ▁power , ▁it ▁was ▁also ▁about ▁delivering ▁punch y , ▁clear , ▁complex ▁vo icing . ▁Natur ally , ▁the ▁am ps ▁were ▁very ▁labor ▁int ensive ▁to ▁construct . ▁Just ▁one ▁DC - 3 0 ▁am p ▁took ▁over ▁ 1 3 ▁hours ▁to ▁complete . ▁Because ▁the ▁ampl ifiers ▁were ▁so ▁cost ly ▁to ▁make , ▁we ▁didn ' t ▁know ▁if ▁customers ▁would ▁actually ▁buy ▁them . ▁After ▁all , ▁it ▁was ▁like ▁taking ▁a ▁step ▁backwards ▁into ▁an ▁older ▁" gar age ▁technology " ▁and ▁then ▁asking |
▁more ▁money ▁for ▁it ." ▁ ▁As ▁pro tot yp ing ▁ne ared ▁completion , ▁Mark ▁and ▁Rick ▁came ▁up ▁with ▁the ▁name ▁M ATCH LE SS — because ▁that ' s ▁what ▁they ▁intended ▁their ▁" no - comp romise " ▁ampl ifier ▁to ▁be . ▁Chris ▁designed ▁the ▁am p ' s ▁trad emark ▁light - up ▁logo . ▁Steve ▁Good ale ▁joined ▁them ▁as ▁a ▁co - found er ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁bringing ▁financing ▁and ▁marketing ▁to ▁the ▁company . ▁Good ale ▁insisted ▁that ▁they ▁participate ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁Gu itar ▁Player ▁Magazine ▁bout ique ▁ampl ifier ▁shoot out ▁by ▁delivering ▁an ▁early ▁DC - 3 0 ▁( D ual ▁Com bo ▁ 3 0 ) ▁from ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁to ▁Cu pert ino . ▁The ▁ampl ifier ▁wound ▁up ▁in ▁the ▁hands ▁of ▁editor ▁Andy ▁W idd ers - E ll is ▁from ▁Gu itar ▁Player ▁Magazine . ▁The ▁ampl ifier ▁won ▁first ▁place ▁ ▁and ▁effectively ▁helped ▁launch ▁the ▁company . ▁ ▁Mark ▁Sam pson ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁design ▁the ▁Club man ▁ 3 5 ', ▁followed ▁by ▁the ▁ 1 5 ▁w att ▁series ▁consisting ▁of ▁the ▁Sp it fire , ▁T orn ado , ▁and ▁Light ning . ▁This ▁series ▁was ▁followed ▁by ▁the ▁Ch ie ft ain , ▁Super ch ief , ▁and ▁Th under ch ief . ▁These ▁models ▁were ▁all ▁designed ▁while ▁the ▁company ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁stages ▁of ▁its ▁development ▁in ▁North ▁Hollywood , |
▁California . ▁The ▁models ▁created ▁following ▁the ▁C - 3 0 ▁series ▁were ▁an ▁attempt ▁by ▁the ▁company ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁unique ▁entity ▁within ▁the ▁market ▁place . ▁While ▁Mark ▁was ▁the ▁chief ▁design ▁engineer , ▁Rick ▁handled ▁production ▁duties ▁and ▁administration ▁with ▁much ▁overlap ▁in ▁job ▁duties ▁as ▁the ▁company ▁grew . ▁Chris ▁handled ▁computer ▁related ▁assignments , ▁C AD ▁engineering ▁and ▁purchasing . ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁growing ▁demand , ▁the ▁found ers ▁elected ▁to ▁become ▁partners ▁with ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Music ▁Corporation ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 4 . ▁This ▁mer ger ▁was ▁done ▁to ▁acquire ▁much ▁needed ▁growth ▁and ▁capital . ▁During ▁the ▁partners ▁ten ure ▁at ▁U . S . ▁Music , ▁Mark ▁Sam pson ▁became ▁head ▁of ▁Corpor ate ▁R & D ▁which ▁consisted ▁of ▁G uild ▁gu it ars , ▁Match less ▁ampl ifiers , ▁Rand all ▁ampl ifiers ▁and ▁Vin ci ▁strings . ▁Rick ▁Per ro tta ▁became ▁the ▁manager ▁of ▁the ▁Ana heim ▁production ▁facility ▁where ▁Match less , ▁Rand all , ▁and ▁Vin ci ▁were ▁located . ▁Chris ▁Per ro tta ▁would ▁be ▁responsible ▁for ▁mechanical ▁engineering , ▁blue print ing , ▁and ▁other ▁fine ▁detail ▁work ▁for ▁all ▁the ▁brands ▁of ▁the ▁corporation . ▁This ▁mer ger ▁lasted ▁until ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁when ▁Mark ▁Sam pson ▁acquired ▁Match less ▁without ▁the ▁other ▁founding ▁partners . ▁Sam pson ▁stayed ▁on ▁with ▁the ▁company ▁as ▁President ▁and ▁C . E . O . ▁until ▁late ▁ 1 9 |
9 9 . ▁ ▁Match less ▁is ▁widely ▁regarded ▁as ▁being ▁the ▁company ▁that ▁kick - start ed ▁the ▁bout ique ▁ampl ifier ▁c ra ze ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁n inet ies , ▁p aving ▁the ▁way ▁for ▁other ▁smaller ▁manufacturers ▁like ▁Dr . ▁Z ▁Am pl ification , ▁Bad ▁Cat ▁and ▁Victoria ▁A mp ▁Company , ▁all ▁special izing ▁in ▁making ▁hand made , ▁high - end ▁tube ▁ampl ifiers . ▁ ▁The ▁company ▁also ▁manufactured ▁tube ▁stom p boxes ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Hot box , ▁the ▁Hot box ▁II , ▁the ▁D irt box ▁( h ig her ▁gain ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Hot box ), ▁the ▁Cool box ▁( a ▁Bo oster ▁ped al ), ▁the ▁S plit box ▁( a ▁tube ▁buff ered ▁signal ▁split ter ), ▁the ▁Mix box ▁( a ▁tube ▁buff ered ▁mix er ), ▁and ▁the ▁V ib ro box ▁( a ▁tube ▁trem olo ▁effect ), ▁as ▁well ▁an ▁echo / delay ▁ped al ▁called ▁the ▁E ch ob ox , ▁which ▁employed ▁a ▁tape ▁format ▁from ▁an ▁adapted ▁c ass ette . ▁ ▁Currently ▁ ▁The ▁drop ▁in ▁value ▁of ▁the ▁y en ▁caused ▁terminal ▁financial ▁problems , ▁as ▁Match less ▁had ▁invested ▁heavily ▁in ▁a ▁new ▁production ▁facility . ▁When ▁their ▁Japanese ▁distribut or ▁withd rew ▁an ▁order ▁for ▁ampl ifiers , ▁the ▁company ▁went ▁under . ▁Match less ▁Am pl ifiers ▁closed ▁down ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁but ▁re op ened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁under ▁new ▁administration |
. ▁They ▁currently ▁manufact ure ▁several ▁lines ▁of ▁ampl ifiers ▁and ▁speaker ▁cabinet ▁en clos ures . ▁ ▁Current ▁models ▁ ▁C - 3 0 ▁series ▁H C - 3 0 ▁SC - 3 0 ▁DC - 3 0 ▁Ch ie ft ain ▁series ▁CH - 4 0 ▁CH - 1 1 2 ▁CH - 2 1 2 ▁CH - 2 1 0 ▁Phoenix ▁series ▁PH - 3 5 ▁PH - 2 1 2 ▁PH - 1 1 2 ▁ ▁Light ning ▁series ▁L G - 1 1 2 ▁L G - 2 1 2 ▁L G - 1 5 ▁L G - 2 1 0 ▁N ighth awk ▁series ▁N H - 2 1 2 ▁N H - 1 1 2 ▁N H - 1 5 ▁N H - 2 1 0 ▁Independ ence ▁series ▁Independ ence ▁ 2 1 2 ▁Independ ence ▁ 1 1 2 ▁Independ ence ▁ 3 5 ▁ ▁Av enger ▁series ▁Av enger ▁ 2 1 2 ▁Av enger ▁ 1 1 2 ▁Av enger ▁ 3 0 ▁Av enger ▁ 2 1 0 + 1 1 2 ▁Sp it fire ▁series ▁SP - 1 1 2 ▁SP - 2 1 2 ▁A val on ▁ 3 0 ▁Club man ▁ 3 5 ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Match less ▁Am pl ifiers ▁official ▁site ▁G ig R ig ' s ▁interview ▁with ▁Match less ' s ▁Phil ▁Jam ison ▁Gold ▁Records ▁Custom ▁Made ▁Roy er ▁L abs ▁Lock - it ▁Gu itar ▁Str aps |
▁N AM M ▁O ral ▁History ▁Inter view ▁with ▁Mark ▁Sam pson ▁Category : G uit ar ▁ampl ifier ▁manufacturers ▁Category : Audio ▁equipment ▁manufacturers ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁Flor ian ▁Ch ab rol le ▁( born ▁ 7 ▁April ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁French ▁professional ▁football er ▁who ▁plays ▁as ▁a ▁stri ker ▁for ▁L igue ▁ 1 ▁side ▁Mar se ille . ▁ ▁Club ▁career ▁ ▁Mar se ille ▁Ch ab rol le ▁made ▁his ▁professional ▁debut ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁in ▁the ▁UEFA ▁Europa ▁League ▁Group ▁Stage ▁against ▁Ein tr acht ▁Frankfurt . ▁He ▁replaced ▁Val ère ▁Germ ain ▁after ▁ 6 4 ▁minutes ▁in ▁a ▁ 4 – 0 ▁away ▁loss . ▁ ▁Career ▁statistics ▁ ▁Club ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Mar se ille ▁profile ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁for wards ▁Category : F rench ▁football ers ▁Category : Fr ance ▁youth ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : O lymp ique ▁de ▁Mar se ille ▁players ▁Category : L igue ▁ 1 ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Black ▁Hollywood ▁Live ▁( B HL ) ▁is ▁a ▁web ▁television ▁and ▁podcast ▁network ▁devoted ▁to ▁African ▁American ▁entertainment . ▁Its ▁programming ▁consists ▁of ▁tab lo id ▁journal ism , ▁comment ary , ▁and ▁celebr ity ▁interviews . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Produ cer ▁K even ▁Under gar o ▁and ▁E ! ▁host ▁Maria ▁Men |
oun os ▁created ▁Black ▁Hollywood ▁Live ▁for ▁the ▁purpose ▁of ▁delivering ▁intelligent , ▁thought - prov oking ▁comment ary , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁serving ▁as ▁an ▁ins ider ▁source ▁for ▁news , ▁information ▁and ▁resources . ▁The ▁two ▁had ▁previous ▁experience ▁in ▁online ▁broadcast ing ▁with ▁Men oun os ▁serving ▁as ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁C ES ▁amb assador ▁and ▁the ▁du o ▁having ▁created ▁and ▁launched ▁After B uzz ▁TV . ▁ ▁Through ▁successful ▁After B uzz ▁TV ▁after - sh ows ▁such ▁as ▁Sc andal , ▁Real ▁H usb ands ▁of ▁Hollywood , ▁Love ▁and ▁H ip ▁Hop , ▁and ▁The ▁Game , ▁Under gar o ▁noticed ▁an ▁increasing ▁demand ▁for ▁African ▁American ▁online ▁talk , ▁news , ▁and ▁entertainment . ▁Men oun os ▁and ▁Under gar o ▁decided ▁to ▁work ▁together ▁to ▁meet ▁that ▁demand . ▁In ▁building ▁the ▁network ▁and ▁assign ing ▁a ▁network ▁head , ▁Under gar o ▁met ▁with ▁Der rial ▁Christ on . ▁Christ on , ▁who ▁had ▁previously ▁worked ▁at ▁After B uzz , ▁was ▁named ▁Executive ▁Produ cer ▁of ▁the ▁network ▁and ▁President ▁of ▁Program ming . ▁ ▁Program ming ▁ ▁B HL ▁produces ▁live ▁and ▁on - dem and ▁content ▁in ▁both ▁audio ▁and ▁video ▁forms . ▁Black ▁Hollywood ▁Live ' s ▁hosts ▁include ▁Der rial ▁Christ on , ▁Court ney ▁Stewart , ▁Jesse ▁Jan edy , ▁Rachel ▁True , ▁Sam ▁Sar ong , ▁St acy ▁I ke , ▁Ash ley ▁Gray , ▁Che v onne ▁Hughes , ▁Mar i ▁F |
ag el , ▁Sp icy ▁Mar i , ▁Nick ▁Per due , ▁Er ica ▁R ene e ▁Davis , ▁Josh ▁Rodr igue z , ▁Rhe ina ▁Ale , ▁Al ia ▁K ru z , ▁Ak ili ▁Sh ine , ▁E bon i ▁K . ▁Williams , ▁Sh aka ▁Smith , ▁Joe ▁Bras well , ▁Court ney ▁Te zen o , ▁Meg an ▁Thomas ▁and ▁Kevin ▁John ▁Peters . ▁ ▁Sh ows ▁▁▁ 1 0 0 % ▁Re el ▁– ▁discussion ▁and ▁breakdown ▁of ▁various ▁movie ▁titles ▁ ▁Athlet es ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁various ▁athletes ▁ ▁Black ▁Te a ▁Party ▁– ▁weekly ▁discussions ▁on ▁political ▁news ▁and ▁current ▁affairs ▁ ▁Break ing ▁Into ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁entertainment ▁figures ▁highlight ing ▁their ▁tips , ▁tricks ▁and ▁techniques ▁on ▁breaking ▁into ▁the ▁entertainment ▁industry ▁ ▁Broadway ▁Break down ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁Broadway ▁actors , ▁writers , ▁producers ▁and ▁directors ▁ ▁Conf essions ▁of ▁An ▁E rot ica ▁D ancer ▁– ▁round - table ▁discussions ▁from ▁exotic ▁d ancers ▁and ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁strip ▁te ase ▁community ▁ ▁Do ing ▁Lau nd ry ▁With ▁– ▁Black ▁Hollywood ▁Live ▁hosts ▁and ▁cele brit ies ▁in ▁an ▁off beat , ▁play ful ▁interview ▁format , ▁literally ▁washing ▁and ▁fold ing ▁their ▁clothes , ▁while ▁opening ▁up ▁about ▁themselves ▁and ▁" air ing ▁out ▁their ▁laundry ". ▁ ▁F ashion ▁ 4 1 1 ▁– ▁news ▁and ▁inside ▁information ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁insight , ▁discussion ▁and ▁comment ary ▁on ▁the ▁current |
▁state ▁of ▁fashion . ▁ ▁F it ▁Club ▁– ▁fitness ▁and ▁health ▁information ▁and ▁motivation , ▁with ▁topics ▁ranging ▁from ▁fitness ▁f ads ▁and ▁health ▁products ▁to ▁recent ▁studies ▁on ▁diet ▁and ▁nutrition ▁ ▁Ge ek . ▁N erd . ▁Tech ▁– ▁comment ary ▁on ▁the ▁latest ▁trend ing ▁g adget s , ▁electron ics ▁and ▁consumer ▁products ▁ ▁G ospel ▁Take over ▁– ▁discussions ▁and ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁g ospel ▁talent ▁ ▁Justice ▁Is ▁S erved ▁– ▁news ▁and ▁inside ▁information ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁insight , ▁discussion ▁and ▁comment ary , ▁on ▁current ▁and ▁trend ing ▁legal ▁affairs ▁ ▁Let ' s ▁Talk ▁About ▁Sex ▁– ▁in - depth ▁discussions ▁on ▁dating , ▁intim acy ▁and ▁relationships ▁ ▁Life ▁Ch angers ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁individuals ▁posit ively ▁impact ing ▁society ▁ ▁Next ▁– ▁interviews ▁with ▁up - and - coming ▁talent ▁in ▁Hollywood ▁ ▁P hen omen al ▁Women ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁insp iring ▁women ▁ ▁Port ra its ▁– ▁interviews ▁with ▁legendary ▁entertain ers ▁in ▁the ▁African ▁American ▁Community ▁ ▁Re ality ▁Check ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁reality ▁TV ▁stars ▁ ▁School ▁of ▁Model ing ▁– ▁tips , ▁tricks ▁and ▁techniques ▁on ▁breaking ▁into ▁the ▁modeling ▁industry ▁ ▁Stand ▁Up ▁/ ▁S it ▁Down ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁comed ians ▁discussing ▁their ▁careers , ▁and ▁inspir ations ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁art ▁of ▁stand - up ▁comedy ▁and ▁comed ic ▁acting , ▁in ▁general ▁ ▁Success ▁Is ▁the ▁New |
▁Black ▁– ▁interviews ▁with ▁top ▁business men ▁and ▁women ▁ ▁Success ▁Under ▁ 3 0 ▁– ▁in - depth ▁interviews ▁with ▁individuals ▁who ▁have ▁achieved ▁success ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 3 0 ▁ ▁The ▁Beat ▁– ▁comment ary , ▁discussions ▁and ▁interviews ▁with ▁musical ▁artists ▁in ▁the ▁industry ▁ ▁The ▁Cast ing ▁Call ▁– ▁comment ary ▁and ▁insight ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁tips , ▁tricks ▁and ▁techniques ▁from ▁Hollywood ▁casting ▁directors ▁and ▁agents ▁ ▁This ▁Week ▁– ▁reports ▁and ▁discuss ▁about ▁trend ing ▁news ▁head lines ▁within ▁the ▁African ▁American ▁community ▁ ▁Urban ▁Well ness ▁and ▁Beaut y ▁– ▁comment ary , ▁information ▁and ▁news ▁on ▁urban ▁health , ▁beauty ▁and ▁lifestyle ▁ ▁Write ▁On ▁– ▁interviews ▁with ▁writers ▁and ▁show ▁run ners ▁in ▁the ▁entertainment ▁industry ▁ ▁YouTube ▁Stars ▁– ▁interviews ▁with ▁YouTube ▁personal ities ▁ ▁Staff ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁over ▁ 2 5 ▁hosts ▁that ▁make ▁up ▁the ▁Black ▁Hollywood ▁Live ▁Network . ▁The ▁core ▁staff ▁consists ▁of ▁Der rial ▁Christ on ; ▁T iona ▁Hob son , ▁Nick ▁Per due , ▁Ash ley ▁Gray , ▁Jesse ▁Jan edy , ▁Stephen ▁Lem i ue x ▁and ▁Phil ▁Sv ite k . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : A fr ican - American ▁media ▁Category : Pod cast ing ▁companies ▁Category : Audio ▁podcast s ▁Category : Intern et ▁television ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁Hend erson ▁Lake ▁is ▁a ▁lake ▁on ▁Vancouver ▁Island ▁that ▁dr ains ▁south ▁into ▁head ▁of ▁U ch uck les it ▁In let ▁on ▁the |
▁north ▁side ▁of ▁lower ▁Alber ni ▁In let . ▁ ▁We ather ▁data ▁from ▁the ▁Hend erson ▁Lake ▁fish ▁h atch ery ▁shows ▁that ▁the ▁lake ▁is ▁situated ▁in ▁the ▁wet test ▁place ▁in ▁North ▁America . ▁Hend erson ▁Lake ▁aver ages ▁ ▁of ▁precip itation , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁ ▁fell , ▁setting ▁the ▁all - time ▁Canadian ▁record . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁W et test ▁places ▁on ▁Earth ▁ ▁Cher rap un ji ▁ ▁Big ▁Bog ▁ ▁Mount ▁Wa iale ale ▁ ▁Qu ib d ó ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Al ber ni ▁Valley ▁Category : L akes ▁on ▁Vancouver ▁Island <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁South ▁American ▁Cross ▁Country ▁Championships ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁February ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁ ▁The ▁races ▁were ▁held ▁in ▁Car ac as , ▁Venezuela . ▁ ▁Complete ▁results , ▁results ▁for ▁junior ▁and ▁youth ▁compet itions , ▁and ▁medal ▁winners ▁were ▁published . ▁ ▁Med all ists ▁ ▁Race ▁results ▁ ▁Senior ▁men ' s ▁race ▁( 1 2 ▁km ) ▁ ▁Junior ▁( U 2 0 ) ▁men ' s ▁race ▁( 8 ▁km ) ▁ ▁Senior ▁women ' s ▁race ▁( 8 ▁km ) ▁ ▁Junior ▁( U 2 0 ) ▁women ' s ▁race ▁( 6 ▁km ) ▁ ▁Medal ▁table ▁( un off icial ) ▁ ▁Particip ation ▁According ▁to ▁an ▁un off icial ▁count , ▁ 2 6 ▁athletes ▁from ▁ 3 ▁countries ▁participated |
. ▁▁ ▁( 5 ) ▁▁ ▁( 9 ) ▁▁ ▁( 1 2 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁in ▁athlet ics ▁( track ▁and ▁field ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁G BR ath let ics ▁ ▁Category : South ▁American ▁Cross ▁Country ▁Championships ▁South ▁American ▁Cross ▁Country ▁Championships ▁South ▁American ▁Cross ▁Country ▁Championships ▁Category : Intern ational ▁athlet ics ▁compet itions ▁hosted ▁by ▁Venezuela ▁Category : Cross ▁country ▁running ▁in ▁Venezuela <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁United ▁States ▁presidential ▁election ▁in ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁November ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 9 8 0 , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁United ▁States ▁presidential ▁election . ▁ ▁The ▁Democratic ▁Party ▁candidate , ▁inc umb ent ▁President ▁Jimmy ▁Carter , ▁won ▁the ▁state ▁over ▁former ▁California ▁Governor ▁Ronald ▁Reagan ▁by ▁ 4 3 , 5 4 9 ▁votes , ▁giving ▁him ▁one ▁of ▁just ▁seven ▁vict ories ▁in ▁the ▁election ▁( other ▁than ▁Rh ode ▁Island , ▁Carter ▁also ▁carried ▁Maryland , ▁Minnesota , ▁Hawaii , ▁West ▁Virginia , ▁the ▁District ▁of ▁Columbia ▁and ▁his ▁home ▁state ▁of ▁Georgia ). ▁As ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁voting ▁for ▁Carter , ▁it ▁became ▁the ▁only ▁state ▁in ▁New ▁England ▁to ▁vote ▁for ▁a ▁Democratic ▁presidential ▁candidate ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 . ▁ ▁While ▁Carter ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁win ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁by ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 0 %, ▁some ▁of ▁his ▁votes ▁were ▁taken ▁away ▁by |
▁the ▁strong ▁third ▁party ▁candid acy ▁of ▁John ▁B . ▁Anderson , ▁a ▁liberal ▁Republican ▁Congress man ▁who ▁ran ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁as ▁an ▁independent ▁after ▁failing ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁Republican ▁Party ' s ▁own ▁presidential ▁nom ination . ▁Anderson ▁proved ▁very ▁popular ▁with ▁liberal ▁and ▁moderate ▁voters ▁in ▁New ▁England ▁who ▁viewed ▁Reagan ▁as ▁too ▁far ▁to ▁the ▁right ▁and ▁with ▁normally ▁leaning ▁Democratic ▁voters ▁who ▁were ▁diss atisf ied ▁with ▁the ▁policies ▁of ▁the ▁Carter ▁Administration . ▁New ▁England ▁overall ▁would ▁prove ▁to ▁be ▁Anderson ' s ▁strongest ▁region ▁in ▁the ▁nation , ▁with ▁all ▁six ▁New ▁England ▁states ▁giving ▁double - dig it ▁percent ages ▁to ▁Anderson . ▁In ▁fact , ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁would ▁ultimately ▁prove ▁to ▁be ▁John ▁Anderson ' s ▁third ▁strongest ▁state ▁in ▁the ▁nation ▁after ▁neighbor ing ▁Massachusetts ▁and ▁Verm ont , ▁his ▁ 1 4 . 3 8 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁more ▁than ▁double ▁the ▁ 6 . 6 1 % ▁he ▁got ▁nation wide . ▁ ▁Nation ally , ▁Reagan ▁won ▁the ▁election ▁with ▁ 4 8 9 ▁elect oral ▁votes ▁and ▁ 5 0 . 7 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁popular ▁vote . ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁Category : 1 9 8 0 ▁Rh ode ▁Island ▁elections <0x0A> </s> ▁Come by ▁is ▁a ▁ghost ▁town ▁in ▁Rank in ▁County , ▁Mississippi , ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁Come by ▁was ▁a ▁saw mill ▁town , ▁and |
▁was ▁named ▁for ▁the ▁favorite ▁expression ▁of ▁the ▁mill ▁owner , ▁John ▁R . ▁Web ster : ▁" come ▁by ▁to ▁see ▁me ". ▁ ▁Come by ▁had ▁a ▁post ▁office ▁from ▁ 1 9 0 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁stop ▁on ▁the ▁Illinois ▁Central ▁Rail road . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Form er ▁pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Rank in ▁County , ▁Mississippi ▁Category : Form er ▁pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Mississippi <0x0A> </s> ▁N ano S ail - D 2 ▁was ▁a ▁small ▁satellite ▁built ▁by ▁NASA ' s ▁Marshall ▁Space ▁Flight ▁Center ▁and ▁Am es ▁Research ▁Center ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁deployment ▁of ▁a ▁solar ▁sail ▁in ▁space . ▁It ▁was ▁a ▁three - unit ▁C ube S at , ▁measuring ▁ ▁with ▁a ▁mass ▁of ▁. ▁Its ▁solar ▁sail ▁had ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁and ▁was ▁deployed ▁in ▁around ▁five ▁seconds . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁planned ▁to ▁be ▁deployed ▁from ▁the ▁F AST S AT ▁satellite ▁around ▁ 3 ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁two ▁weeks ▁after ▁launch . ▁The ▁satellite ▁did ▁not ▁e ject ▁at ▁that ▁time , ▁but ▁on ▁January ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁it ▁e ject ed ▁on ▁its ▁own ▁and ▁deployed ▁its ▁sail ▁three ▁days ▁later ▁on ▁the ▁ 2 0 th . ▁The ▁be acon ▁signal ▁began ▁transm itting ▁after ▁e jection ▁and ▁was ▁first ▁received ▁on ▁the ▁afternoon ▁of ▁January ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 |
1 . ▁ ▁Chron ology ▁N ano S ail - D 2 ▁was ▁originally ▁built ▁as ▁a ▁ground ▁spare ▁for ▁the ▁N ano S ail - D ▁satellite , ▁which ▁was ▁launched ▁aboard ▁a ▁Fal con ▁ 1 ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁and ▁was ▁subsequently ▁lost ▁when ▁the ▁rock et ▁mal function ed ▁during ▁stage ▁separation . ▁Over ▁the ▁next ▁two ▁years ▁improvements ▁were ▁made ▁to ▁the ▁spare , ▁and ▁the ▁satellite ▁was ▁incorporated ▁into ▁the ▁F AST S AT ▁mission . ▁ ▁N ano S ail - D 2 ▁was ▁launched ▁aboard ▁a ▁Min ot aur ▁IV / H AP S ▁rock et , ▁inside ▁the ▁F AST S AT ▁satellite . ▁F AST S AT ▁was ▁a ▁secondary ▁payload ▁on ▁the ▁launch , ▁with ▁the ▁primary ▁payload ▁being ▁S TP S at - 2 . ▁The ▁launch ▁also ▁carried ▁R AX , ▁O / O RE OS , ▁Fal con S at - 5 , ▁and ▁the ▁two ▁FA STR AC ▁satell ites ; ▁Sara - L ily ▁and ▁Emma . ▁The ▁Min ot aur ▁was ▁launched ▁from ▁La unch ▁Pad ▁ 1 ▁of ▁the ▁K odi ak ▁La unch ▁Complex ▁at ▁ 0 1 : 2 5 ▁UTC ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁Or b ital ▁Sciences ▁Corporation ▁conducted ▁the ▁launch ▁under ▁a ▁contract ▁with ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Air ▁Force . ▁▁ ▁F AST S AT ▁was ▁deployed ▁into ▁a ▁low ▁Earth ▁orbit ▁with ▁a ▁circular ▁orbit ▁of ▁ ▁of ▁alt |
itude ▁and ▁ 7 2 ▁degrees ▁of ▁incl ination . ▁N ano S ail - D 2 ▁was ▁expected ▁to ▁separate ▁from ▁F AST S AT ▁on ▁December ▁ 6 , ▁but ▁the ▁bay ▁door ▁did ▁not ▁open , ▁preventing ▁its ▁e jection . ▁Success ful ▁e jection ▁was ▁confirmed ▁on ▁ 1 9 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 1 ; ▁it ▁is ▁un clear ▁what ▁caused ▁the ▁e jection ▁mechanism ▁to ▁fail ▁and ▁then ▁ultimately ▁release ▁at ▁this ▁later ▁date . ▁NASA ▁requested ▁amateur ▁radio ▁operators ▁listen ▁for ▁the ▁be acon ▁signal ▁from ▁N ano S ail - D . ▁They ▁did ▁and ▁picked ▁up ▁the ▁ 1 - second ▁be acon ▁transm issions ▁which ▁were ▁trans mitted ▁every ▁ 1 0 ▁seconds . ▁While ▁battery ▁power ▁was ▁soon ▁exhausted , ▁as ▁predicted ▁by ▁the ▁principal ▁investig ator , ▁Dean ▁Al horn , ▁the ▁space craft ▁was ▁expected ▁to ▁sail ▁on ▁in ▁low - E arth ▁orbit ▁for ▁ 7 0 ▁to ▁ 1 2 0 ▁days , ▁depending ▁on ▁atm ospher ic ▁conditions , ▁before ▁it ▁bur nt ▁up , ▁and ▁to ▁become ▁easier ▁to ▁view ▁after ▁the ▁atmosphere ▁stabil ized ▁its ▁tum bling . ▁ ▁To ▁generate ▁public ity ▁and ▁to ▁encourage ▁observations ▁while ▁the ▁sail ▁was ▁still ▁in ▁orbit , ▁NASA ▁and ▁Space we ather . com ▁announced ▁a ▁photography ▁competition ▁with ▁a ▁grand ▁prize ▁of ▁$ 5 0 0 ▁to ▁capture ▁images ▁of ▁the ▁solar ▁sail ▁in ▁orbit . ▁ ▁On ▁September ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 |
0 1 1 , ▁the ▁solar ▁sail ▁re - ent ered ▁the ▁atmosphere ▁after ▁ 2 4 0 ▁days ▁in ▁orbit , ▁though ▁this ▁was ▁only ▁announced ▁on ▁November ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁N ano S ail - D , ▁the ▁failed ▁predecess or ▁to ▁N ano S ail - D 2 , ▁launched ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁I K AR OS , ▁a ▁Japanese ▁solar ▁sail , ▁launched ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Light S ail ▁ 2 , ▁a ▁controlled ▁solar ▁sail ▁C ube S at ▁launched ▁in ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁ ▁C ube S ail ▁( U l tra S ail ), ▁a ▁sail ▁technology ▁demonstr ation ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁Near - E arth ▁A ster oid ▁Sc out , ▁a ▁solar ▁sail ▁C ube S at ▁planned ▁to ▁launch ▁in ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁C ube S ail , ▁a ▁planned ▁cub es at ▁sail ▁mission ▁Sun j am mer , ▁a ▁solar ▁sail ▁that ▁was ▁cancelled ▁before ▁launch ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁NASA ▁N ano S ail - D ▁Mission ▁page ▁ ▁N ano S ail - D ▁d ashboard ▁ ▁Twitter ▁page ▁ ▁An ▁index ▁of ▁images ▁by ▁ast ro ph ot ographer ▁R alf ▁V ande ber gh ▁created ▁with ▁a ▁teles cope ▁mounted ▁camera . ▁ ▁information ▁about ▁N ano S |
ail - D 2 ▁on ▁e oport al . org ▁ ▁Category : Space craft ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Category : S olar ▁sail ▁space craft ▁Category : C ube S ats ▁Category : Space craft ▁launched ▁by ▁Min ot aur ▁rock ets ▁Category : Space craft ▁which ▁re ent ered ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁Stephen ▁F . ▁Brown ▁( Apr il ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 8 4 1 ▁– ▁September ▁ 8 , ▁ 1 9 0 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Union ▁Army ▁officer ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Civil ▁War , ▁and ▁became ▁famous ▁for ▁taking ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Get t ys burg ▁armed ▁only ▁with ▁a ▁camp ▁hat chet . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁Stephen ▁Fl av ius ▁Brown ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Sw anton , ▁Verm ont , ▁on ▁April ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 8 4 1 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁educated ▁in ▁Sw anton , ▁became ▁a ▁teacher , ▁and ▁planned ▁to ▁begin ▁studies ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Verm ont ▁in ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁ 1 8 6 2 . ▁ ▁Instead ▁of ▁beginning ▁college , ▁Brown ▁en listed ▁for ▁the ▁Civil ▁War ▁as ▁a ▁Private ▁in ▁Company ▁K , ▁ 1 3 th ▁Verm ont ▁Infan try ▁Regiment . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁soon ▁elected ▁the ▁company ' s ▁First ▁Lieutenant . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 3 th ▁Verm ont ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Verm ont ▁Brigade , ▁and ▁carried ▁out ▁duties ▁in ▁Maryland ▁and ▁Virginia ▁during ▁ |
1 8 6 2 ▁and ▁ 1 8 6 3 . ▁ ▁Battle ▁of ▁Get t ys burg ▁In ▁July ▁ 1 8 6 3 , ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Verm ont ▁Brigade ▁mar ched ▁from ▁Maryland ▁to ▁Get t ys burg , ▁Pennsylvania ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁VI ▁Corps . ▁ ▁While ▁en ▁route , ▁Brown ▁viol ated ▁a ▁" no ▁str ag gling " ▁order ▁and ▁dis ob eyed ▁a ▁security ▁detail ▁guard ing ▁a ▁well ▁to ▁ref ill ▁the ▁can te ens ▁of ▁several ▁soldiers ▁in ▁his ▁company ▁who ▁were ▁succ umbing ▁to ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁summer ▁heat . ▁ ▁Brown ▁was ▁placed ▁under ▁arrest ▁and ▁relieved ▁of ▁his ▁sword ▁and ▁pistol , ▁an ▁officer ' s ▁symbols ▁of ▁authority . ▁ ▁Given ▁the ▁circumstances ▁unf olding ▁at ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Get t ys burg , ▁Brown ▁was ▁not ▁det ained ▁and ▁was ▁allowed ▁to ▁keep ▁march ing ▁with ▁his ▁men . ▁ ▁Once ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Brigade ▁arrived ▁at ▁Get t ys burg , ▁Brown ▁determined ▁to ▁re claim ▁his ▁honor ▁by ▁taking ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁fight . ▁ ▁Ar ming ▁himself ▁with ▁a ▁hand ▁ax e ▁from ▁a ▁wood p ile ▁near ▁his ▁reg iment ' s ▁camp , ▁Brown ▁charged ▁into ▁battle ▁to ▁the ▁che ers ▁of ▁his ▁men . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁hand - to - hand ▁combat ▁he ▁comp elled ▁the ▁surrender ▁of ▁a ▁Confeder ate ▁officer , ▁whose ▁sword ▁and ▁pistol ▁Brown ▁seized ▁before ▁making ▁the ▁Confeder ate ▁a ▁prisoner . ▁ |
▁During ▁the ▁battle ▁Brown ▁suffered ▁head ▁trauma ▁from ▁the ▁conc uss ion ▁of ▁an ▁artillery ▁shell ▁which ▁expl oded ▁near ▁him ▁as ▁he ▁rendered ▁aid ▁to ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment ▁who ▁had ▁lost ▁a ▁leg ▁during ▁the ▁fighting . ▁ ▁Despite ▁the ▁hearing ▁loss ▁and ▁other ▁effects ▁from ▁the ▁shell ' s ▁conc uss ion , ▁Brown ▁refused ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁field , ▁telling ▁the ▁reg imental ▁sur geon ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁continue ▁to ▁fight ▁unless ▁the ▁entire ▁reg iment ▁was ▁ordered ▁to ▁retreat . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 3 th ▁Verm ont ' s ▁role ▁at ▁Get t ys burg ▁included ▁taking ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁counter att ack ▁on ▁Pick ett ' s ▁Ch arge . ▁ ▁Un its ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Verm ont ▁Brigade , ▁commanded ▁by ▁George ▁J . ▁St ann ard , ▁mar ched ▁out ▁from ▁the ▁Union ▁lines , ▁executed ▁a ▁left ▁fl ank ▁man eu ver , ▁and ▁fired ▁directly ▁into ▁the ▁fl ank ▁of ▁Pick ett ' s ▁men ▁as ▁they ▁advanced . ▁ ▁St ann ard ' s ▁tim ely ▁action ▁effectively ▁ended ▁Pick ett ' s ▁Ch arge ▁and ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Get t ys burg . ▁ ▁Brown ▁continued ▁to ▁wear ▁the ▁captured ▁sword ▁and ▁pistol ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁his ▁service . ▁ ▁The ▁charges ▁against ▁him ▁for ▁viol ating ▁the ▁" no ▁str ag gling " ▁order ▁were ▁not ▁purs ued . ▁ ▁Later ▁military ▁service ▁After ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁Verm ont ' s ▁term |
▁of ▁service ▁ended , ▁Brown ▁re en listed , ▁this ▁time ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁Verm ont ▁Infan try . ▁ ▁Prom oted ▁to ▁Captain , ▁he ▁was ▁assigned ▁as ▁commander ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment ' s ▁Company ▁A . ▁ ▁In ▁May , ▁ 1 8 6 4 ▁Brown ▁was ▁wounded ▁at ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Wild erness , ▁when ▁a ▁bullet ▁struck ▁his ▁left ▁shoulder ▁as ▁he ▁was ▁giving ▁orders ▁to ▁his ▁company . ▁ ▁His ▁left ▁arm ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁am put ated , ▁and ▁Brown ▁was ▁dis charg ed ▁in ▁August , ▁ 1 8 6 4 . ▁ ▁Later ▁life ▁After ▁the ▁war ▁Brown ▁en rolled ▁at ▁Alb any ▁Law ▁School , ▁from ▁which ▁he ▁graduated ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 8 . ▁ ▁He ▁then ▁rel oc ated ▁to ▁Chicago , ▁where ▁he ▁established ▁a ▁successful ▁law ▁practice ▁and ▁was ▁also ▁successful ▁as ▁a ▁real ▁estate ▁invest or . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Great ▁Chicago ▁Fire ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 1 ▁he ▁lost ▁his ▁law ▁library , ▁the ▁building ▁containing ▁his ▁law ▁office ▁and ▁several ▁other ▁buildings ▁he ▁owned , ▁but ▁he ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁recover ▁and ▁continue ▁his ▁law ▁practice ▁and ▁business ▁activities . ▁ ▁In ▁May , ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁the ▁U . ▁S . ▁Grant ▁Grand ▁Army ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁Post ▁( Number ▁ 2 8 ) ▁in ▁Chicago ▁held ▁a ▁testim onial ▁dinner ▁in ▁Brown ' s ▁honor , ▁and ▁presented ▁him ▁with ▁a ▁medal ▁to |
▁comm emor ate ▁his ▁hero ism ▁at ▁Get t ys burg . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 1 ▁Brown ▁returned ▁to ▁Sw anton ▁so ▁he ▁could ▁care ▁for ▁his ▁aged ▁parents , ▁and ▁he ▁continued ▁to ▁res ide ▁there ▁after ▁their ▁deaths . ▁ ▁Brown ▁was ▁elected ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Re union ▁Society ▁of ▁Verm ont ▁Off ic ers ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 1 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁active ▁in ▁the ▁Grand ▁Army ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁( G AR ) ▁and ▁the ▁Military ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁L oyal ▁Leg ion ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁( M OL L US ). ▁ ▁Death ▁and ▁bur ial ▁Brown ▁died ▁in ▁Sw anton ▁on ▁September ▁ 8 , ▁ 1 9 0 3 . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁buried ▁at ▁Church ▁Street ▁C emetery ▁in ▁Sw anton . ▁ ▁Family ▁Brown ▁was ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁Samuel ▁G . ▁Brown ▁( 1 8 1 6 - 1 8 9 1 ) ▁and ▁Anne ▁M . ▁Craw ford ▁Brown ▁( 1 8 1 7 - 1 8 9 6 ). ▁ ▁Samuel ▁G . ▁Brown ▁was ▁a ▁Civil ▁War ▁veteran , ▁having ▁served ▁in ▁Company ▁A , ▁ 1 st ▁Verm ont ▁Infan try . ▁ ▁Stephen ▁F . ▁Brown ' s ▁brother , ▁Samuel ▁G . ▁Brown , ▁Jr . ▁( 1 8 4 2 - 1 8 6 4 ), ▁was ▁a ▁lieutenant ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁Verm ont ▁Infan try . ▁ ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁as |
▁the ▁result ▁of ▁contract ing ▁ty ph oid ▁fever . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 6 ▁Brown ▁married ▁Mary ▁N . ▁Mc Don ough ▁( 1 8 5 1 - 1 9 2 5 ) ▁in ▁Sw anton . ▁ ▁Leg acy ▁▁ ▁The ▁monument ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁Verm ont ▁on ▁the ▁Get t ys burg ▁battle field ▁is ▁to pped ▁with ▁a ▁statue ▁of ▁Brown . ▁ ▁The ▁War ▁Department ▁would ▁not ▁allow ▁Brown ▁to ▁be ▁depicted ▁carrying ▁his ▁ax e , ▁regarding ▁that ▁as ▁a ▁t ribute ▁to ▁dis ob ed ience ▁of ▁orders . ▁ ▁Instead , ▁the ▁statue ▁dep icts ▁him ▁with ▁a ▁sword ▁at ▁his ▁side ▁and ▁an ▁ax e ▁at ▁his ▁feet . ▁ ▁One ▁panel ▁on ▁the ▁base ▁of ▁the ▁monument ▁is ▁dedicated ▁to ▁Brown . ▁ ▁It ▁reads : ▁ ▁" The ▁statue ▁represents ▁Stephen ▁F . ▁Brown , ▁Co . ▁K , ▁who ▁arrived ▁on ▁the ▁field ▁without ▁a ▁sword , ▁but ▁seized ▁a ▁camp ▁hat chet , ▁and ▁carried ▁it ▁in ▁the ▁battle ▁until ▁he ▁captured ▁a ▁sword ▁from ▁a ▁Confeder ate ▁officer . ▁ ▁Per se ver ing ▁and ▁determining ▁like ▁him ▁were ▁all ▁the ▁men ▁of ▁this ▁reg iment ▁of ▁Green ▁Mountain ▁Boys ." ▁ ▁Brown ▁presented ▁to ▁the ▁Verm ont ▁Historical ▁Society ▁the ▁sword ▁he ▁seized ▁at ▁Get t ys burg . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Stephen ▁F . ▁Brown ▁at ▁Verm ont ▁in ▁the ▁Civil ▁War ▁ ▁Ralph ▁Or son ▁St |
ur te v ant , ▁Pict orial ▁History ▁Th ir teenth ▁Regiment ▁Verm ont ▁Vol unte ers ▁( 1 9 1 0 ) ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 4 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 0 3 ▁deaths ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Sw anton ▁( town ), ▁Verm ont ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Chicago ▁Category : Union ▁Army ▁officers ▁Category : People ▁of ▁Verm ont ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Civil ▁War ▁Category : 2 nd ▁Verm ont ▁Brigade ▁Category : Al b any ▁Law ▁School ▁al umn i ▁Category : Ill inois ▁lawyers ▁Category : V erm ont ▁lawyers ▁Category : B ur ials ▁in ▁Verm ont ▁Category : American ▁am put ees <0x0A> </s> ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁national ▁cere br al ▁p als y ▁football ▁team ▁is ▁the ▁national ▁cere br al ▁football ▁team ▁for ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁that ▁represents ▁the ▁team ▁in ▁international ▁compet itions . ▁ ▁The ▁team ▁was ▁ranked ▁th ir teenth ▁in ▁the ▁world ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁IF CP F ▁World ▁Championships , ▁they ▁finished ▁four teenth ▁in ▁a ▁fifteen ▁deep ▁field . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁The ▁Irish ▁Football ▁Association ▁man ages ▁the ▁national ▁team . ▁While ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁was ▁active ▁in ▁participating ▁on ▁the ▁World ▁Championship ▁level ▁by ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁the ▁country ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁national ▁championship s ▁to ▁support ▁national ▁team ▁player ▁development . ▁ ▁Rank ing ▁▁ ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁was ▁ranked ▁th ir teenth ▁in ▁the ▁world ▁by ▁the ▁IF |
CP F ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁In ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁team ▁was ▁ranked ▁fif teenth . ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁was ▁ranked ▁twenty - first ▁in ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁Results ▁▁ ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁has ▁participated ▁in ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁international ▁tour naments . ▁The ▁team ▁was ▁scheduled ▁to ▁participate ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁IF CP F ▁Qual ification ▁Tour nament ▁World ▁Championships ▁in ▁Ve jen , ▁Denmark ▁in ▁early ▁August . ▁ ▁The ▁tournament ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁qual ifying ▁process ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁IF CP F ▁World ▁Championships . ▁ ▁Other ▁teams ▁scheduled ▁to ▁participate ▁included ▁Scotland , ▁Canada , ▁Portugal , ▁Iran , ▁Australia , ▁Venezuela , ▁Japan , ▁Republic ▁of ▁South ▁Korea , ▁Germany , ▁Denmark , ▁and ▁Spain . ▁ ▁IF CP F ▁World ▁Championships ▁ ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁has ▁participated ▁in ▁the ▁IF CP F ▁World ▁Championships . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁C ere br al ▁P als y ▁Category : Great ▁Britain ▁at ▁the ▁Par al ym p ics ▁Category : National ▁cere br al ▁p als y ▁football ▁teams <0x0A> </s> ▁Tr ześ ń ▁may ▁refer ▁to ▁the ▁following ▁places : ▁Tr ześ ń , ▁Kol bus z owa ▁County ▁in ▁Sub car path ian ▁Vo iv odes hip ▁( s outh - east ▁Poland ) ▁Tr ześ ń , ▁M iele c ▁County ▁in |
▁Sub car path ian ▁Vo iv odes hip ▁( s outh - east ▁Poland ) ▁Tr ześ ń , ▁T arn ob rz eg ▁County ▁in ▁Sub car path ian ▁Vo iv odes hip ▁( s outh - east ▁Poland ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Ch al ▁Se yl ▁( , ▁also ▁Roman ized ▁as ▁Ch ā l ▁Se yl ; ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Ch ā l ▁Se yl - e ▁Cher ā gh ā b ā d ▁and ▁Ch ā l ▁Se yl - e ▁‘ O ly ā ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Nur abad ▁R ural ▁District , ▁in ▁the ▁Central ▁District ▁of ▁D elf an ▁County , ▁L ore stan ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 8 4 , ▁in ▁ 1 4 ▁families . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : T own s ▁and ▁villages ▁in ▁D elf an ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁T kh k ut ▁( ; ▁formerly , ▁Mar al z ami ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁rural ▁community ▁of ▁V ard an id z or ▁in ▁the ▁Sy un ik ▁Province ▁of ▁Armen ia . ▁▁ ▁The ▁National ▁Stat ist ical ▁Service ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Armen ia ▁( ARM STAT ) ▁reported ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 4 9 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁census . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Sy un ik ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁och re - bre asted ▁ant p itta ▁( Gr |
all ar ic ula ▁flav iro str is ) ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁bird ▁placed ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Gr all ari idae . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁Bol ivia , ▁Colombia , ▁Costa ▁R ica , ▁E cu ador , ▁Pan ama , ▁and ▁Peru . ▁Its ▁natural ▁habitat ▁is ▁sub t rop ical ▁or ▁tropical ▁moist ▁mont ane ▁forests . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁och re - bre asted ▁ant p itta ▁Category : B ird s ▁of ▁Costa ▁R ica ▁Category : B ird s ▁of ▁Pan ama ▁Category : B ird s ▁of ▁the ▁Northern ▁And es ▁och re - bre asted ▁ant p itta ▁Category : Tax onomy ▁articles ▁created ▁by ▁Pol bot <0x0A> </s> ▁Lyn n ▁C ros bie ▁( born ▁ 7 ▁August ▁ 1 9 6 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Canadian ▁poet ▁and ▁novel ist . ▁She ▁teaches ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Toronto . ▁ ▁Life ▁and ▁career ▁C ros bie ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Montreal , ▁Quebec , ▁and ▁now ▁lives ▁in ▁Toronto , ▁Ontario . ▁ ▁She ▁received ▁her ▁PhD ▁in ▁English ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Toronto , ▁writing ▁her ▁PhD ▁thesis ▁on ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁poet ▁Anne ▁Se xt on . ▁ ▁She ▁has ▁taught ▁at ▁York , ▁U ▁f ▁T , ▁Gu el ph , ▁and ▁O C AD ▁universities , ▁and ▁has ▁taught ▁shorter ▁classes / work shops ▁at ▁R ut gers , ▁Work man , ▁Sister ing , F lying ▁Books ▁And ▁more . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 |
9 9 7 , ▁Ins om ni ac ▁Press ▁published ▁her ▁controversial ▁book ▁on ▁the ▁Canadian ▁criminal ▁Paul ▁Bern ardo , ▁Paul ' s ▁Case . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁C ros bie ▁published ▁a ▁book - length ▁poem ▁titled ▁L iar , ▁available ▁through ▁House ▁of ▁An ans i ▁Press . ▁L iar ▁is ▁a ▁personal ▁work ▁that ▁deals ▁with ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁her ▁seven - year ▁relationship ▁with ▁the ▁professional ▁wrest ling ▁fan ▁Michael ▁Holmes , ▁author ▁of ▁the ▁poetry ▁book ▁Part s ▁Un known . ▁Her ▁long ▁relationship ▁with ▁the ▁writer ▁Tony ▁Burg ess ▁is ▁chronic led ▁in ▁Pearl ▁( 1 9 9 6 ). ▁ ▁C ros bie ▁is ▁a ▁cultural ▁critic , ▁and ▁the ▁author ▁of ▁several ▁books ▁of ▁poetry ▁including ▁Miss ▁Pam ela ' s ▁Mer cy , ▁Corps es ▁of ▁the ▁Future , ▁and ▁Miss ing ▁Children . ▁ ▁C ros bie ▁has ▁lect ured ▁on ▁and ▁written ▁about ▁visual ▁art ▁ ▁at ▁the ▁A GO , ▁the ▁Power ▁Plant , ▁the ▁Mc M ica hel ▁Gallery , ▁the ▁Oak ville ▁Gal ley r ▁and ▁O C AD ▁University ▁( where ▁she ▁taught ▁for ▁six ▁years .) ▁She ▁is ▁an ▁award - winning ▁journalist ▁who ▁has ▁a ▁regular ▁column ▁titled ▁" Pop ▁R ocks " ▁in ▁the ▁Toronto ▁newspaper ▁The ▁Gl obe ▁and ▁Mail ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁regular ▁contributor ▁to ▁Toronto ▁Life ▁F ashion . ▁ ▁Her ▁Tr amp oline ▁Hall ▁L ect ure ▁was ▁entitled ▁" Don ' t ▁Have ▁Cas |
ual ▁Sex ". ▁ ▁Her ▁book ▁Life ▁Is ▁About ▁Los ing ▁Everything , ▁a ▁roman ▁à ▁cle f / f ict ional ▁mem oir , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁by ▁House ▁of ▁An ans i . ▁The ▁book ▁won ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Re L it ▁Award ▁in ▁the ▁fiction ▁category . ▁ ▁Her ▁novel ▁Where ▁Did ▁You ▁Sleep ▁Last ▁Night ▁was ▁published ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁from ▁House ▁of ▁An ans i . ▁It ▁was ▁short listed ▁for ▁Ontario ’ s ▁Tr ill ium ▁Award . ▁ ▁Her ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁novel ▁Ch icken ▁was ▁option ed ▁by ▁film maker ▁Bruce ▁McDonald . ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁Miss ▁Pam ela ' s ▁Mer cy ▁( Co ach ▁House , ▁ 1 9 9 2 ) ▁The ▁Girl ▁W ants ▁To : ▁Women ' s ▁Represent ations ▁of ▁Sex ▁and ▁the ▁Body ▁( Co ach ▁House , ▁ 1 9 9 3 ) ▁( as ▁editor ) ▁Vill ain elle ▁( Co ach ▁House , ▁ 1 9 9 4 ) ▁Pearl ▁( H ouse ▁of ▁An ans i , ▁ 1 9 9 5 ) ▁Paul ' s ▁Case ▁( In som ni ac ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ) ▁Click : ▁Be coming ▁Fem in ists ▁( Mac F arl ane , ▁Walter ▁& ▁Ross , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ) ▁( as ▁editor ) ▁Queen ▁Rat : ▁New ▁and ▁Se lected ▁Po ems ▁( H ouse ▁of |
▁An ans i , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁Dor othy ▁L ' Am our ▁( Har per Coll ins , ▁ 1 9 9 9 ) ▁Ph oe be ▁ 2 0 0 2 : ▁An ▁Ess ay ▁in ▁Ver se ▁( T urt le ▁Point , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ) ▁( with ▁Jeff ery ▁Con way ▁and ▁David ▁Tr in idad ) ▁Miss ing ▁Children ▁( Mc C le ll and ▁& ▁Stewart , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ) ▁L iar ▁( H ouse ▁of ▁An ans i , ▁ 2 0 0 6 ) ▁Life ▁Is ▁About ▁Los ing ▁Everything ▁( H ouse ▁of ▁An ans i , ▁ 2 0 1 2 ) ▁Where ▁Did ▁You ▁Sleep ▁Last ▁Night ? ▁( 2 0 1 5 ) ▁Ch icken ▁( H ouse ▁of ▁An ans i , ▁ 2 0 1 8 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Canadian ▁literature ▁Canadian ▁poetry ▁List ▁of ▁Canadian ▁po ets ▁List ▁of ▁Canadian ▁writers ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Lyn n ▁C ros bie ▁arch ives ▁at ▁the ▁Clara ▁Thomas ▁Archives ▁and ▁Special ▁Collections , ▁York ▁University ▁L ibraries , ▁Toronto , ▁Ontario ▁Lyn n ▁C ros bie ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Ang l oph one ▁Quebec ▁people ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁women ▁non - f iction ▁writers ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁women ▁novel ists ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁women ▁po ets |
▁Category : Can ad ian ▁column ists ▁Category : Journal ists ▁from ▁Montreal ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Toronto ▁al umn i ▁Category : W omen ▁column ists ▁Category : Writ ers ▁from ▁Montreal ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁women ▁journalists ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Toronto ▁faculty ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Canadian ▁novel ists ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁Canadian ▁novel ists ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Canadian ▁po ets ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁Canadian ▁po ets ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Canadian ▁women ▁writers ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁Canadian ▁women ▁writers <0x0A> </s> ▁Joh anne ▁Dy bw ad ▁( 2 ▁August ▁ 1 8 6 7 ▁– ▁ 4 ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 0 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Norweg ian ▁stage ▁actress ▁and ▁stage ▁producer . ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁leading ▁actress ▁in ▁Norweg ian ▁theatre ▁for ▁half ▁a ▁century . ▁ ▁Early ▁and ▁personal ▁life ▁Joh anne ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Christian ia ▁( now ▁Ol so ) ▁as ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁actor ▁Math ias ▁Ju ell ▁( 1 8 3 5 – 1 8 9 4 ) ▁and ▁actress ▁Joh anne ▁Reg ine ▁El v ig ▁( 1 8 4 7 – 1 8 8 2 ). ▁Both ▁her ▁parents ▁were ▁acting ▁for ▁the ▁Christian ia ▁Theatre . ▁Her ▁mother ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁Norweg ian ▁to ▁play ▁" N ora " ▁in ▁I bs en ' s ▁A ▁D oll ' s ▁House , ▁in ▁ |
1 8 8 0 . ▁Her ▁mother ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 , ▁only ▁ 3 4 ▁years ▁old , ▁and ▁Joh anne ▁grew ▁up ▁with ▁her ▁aunt ▁in ▁Ber gen . ▁Her ▁foster ▁parents ▁wanted ▁to ▁keep ▁her ▁away ▁from ▁the ▁theatre , ▁but ▁she ▁wanted ▁to ▁become ▁an ▁actress . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁Act ress ▁Joh anne ▁made ▁her ▁debut ▁at ▁Den ▁Nation ale ▁Sc ene ▁in ▁Ber gen ▁ 7 ▁November ▁ 1 8 8 7 , ▁in ▁the ▁comedy ▁play ▁Ger tr ude ▁eller ▁den ▁l ille ▁sk at . ▁Her ▁next ▁role ▁was ▁" N ora " ▁in ▁A ▁D oll ' s ▁House . ▁She ▁had ▁her ▁break through ▁as ▁" F anch on " ▁in ▁Bir ch - P fe iffer ' s ▁play ▁En ▁l iden ▁He x , ▁first ▁in ▁Ber gen , ▁and ▁later ▁at ▁Christian ia ▁Theatre ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 8 . ▁The ▁scene ▁when ▁she ▁d anced ▁in ▁the ▁moon shine , ▁with ▁her ▁own ▁shadow , ▁fasc inated ▁the ▁public , ▁and ▁theatre ▁director ▁and ▁critic ▁G unn ar ▁He iber g ▁described ▁the ▁scene ▁as ▁" a ▁big ▁artist ▁was ▁born ". ▁She ▁continued ▁to ▁play ▁at ▁Christian ia ▁Theatre , ▁from ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁to ▁ 1 8 9 9 . ▁She ▁joined ▁theatre ▁director ▁B j ør n ▁B j ør n son ▁at ▁the ▁National the at ret ▁from ▁its ▁opening ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 9 , ▁and ▁played |
▁here ▁most ▁of ▁her ▁career . ▁▁ ▁During ▁her ▁time ▁at ▁Christian ia ▁Theatre ▁she ▁played ▁ 7 6 ▁roles , ▁including ▁" H ed v ig " ▁in ▁The ▁Wild ▁D uck ▁( 1 8 8 9 ), ▁" N ora " ▁in ▁A ▁D oll ' s ▁House ▁( 1 8 9 0 ), ▁and ▁" J ul iet " ▁in ▁Rome o ▁and ▁Jul iet ▁( 1 8 9 9 ). ▁At ▁National the at ret ▁she ▁played ▁roles ▁such ▁as ▁" K l ara ▁S ang " ▁in ▁Over ▁ Æ v ne ▁I ▁( 1 8 9 9 ), ▁" M aja " ▁in ▁When ▁We ▁Dead ▁Aw aken ▁and ▁" G erd " ▁in ▁Brand . ▁She ▁also ▁tou red ▁with ▁the ▁theatre , ▁to ▁C open h agen ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 3 , ▁to ▁Berlin ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 7 , ▁and ▁to ▁Paris ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 7 . ▁ ▁Stage ▁producer ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁she ▁produced ▁her ▁first ▁play , ▁Ma eter lin ck ' s ▁P ell é as ▁and ▁M él is ande . ▁She ▁would ▁later ▁produce ▁more ▁than ▁forty ▁plays , ▁often ▁playing ▁the ▁leading ▁role ▁herself . ▁Among ▁her ▁produ ctions ▁were ▁E ur ip ides ' ▁classical ▁tragedy ▁Med ea ▁( 1 9 1 8 ), ▁Nord ahl ▁G rieg ' s ▁Bar ab bas ▁( 1 9 2 7 ), ▁and ▁Sch iller ' s ▁Mary ▁Stuart ▁( 1 9 |
2 9 ). ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁Joh anne ▁Dy bw ad ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Medal ▁of ▁Mer it ▁( K ong ens ▁fort jen st med al je ) ▁in ▁gold . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁awarded ▁Knight ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Norweg ian ▁Order ▁of ▁St . ▁Ol av ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 4 . ▁At ▁her ▁ 6 0 ▁years ' ▁anniversary ▁as ▁actress , ▁ 7 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 7 , ▁she ▁played ▁" M or ▁A ase " ▁in ▁I bs en ' s ▁Pe er ▁Gy nt , ▁and ▁she ▁was ▁hon oured ▁with ▁the ▁Grand ▁Cross ▁of ▁St . ▁Ol av . ▁Her ▁last ▁stage ▁appearance ▁was ▁one ▁month ▁later , ▁ 8 ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 7 . ▁She ▁died ▁ 4 ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁in ▁Os lo , ▁ 8 2 ▁years ▁old . ▁She ▁was ▁buried ▁V år ▁F rel s ers ▁grav l und ▁in ▁Os lo . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁a ▁bronze ▁statue ▁of ▁her ▁was ▁revealed ▁at ▁the ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Os lo , ▁sculpt ured ▁by ▁Per ▁U ng . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁she ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁Norweg ian ▁actor ▁to ▁be ▁depicted ▁on ▁a ▁post age ▁stamp . ▁The ▁area ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Theatre , ▁Joh anne ▁Dy bw ads ▁pl ass , ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁her , ▁and ▁the ▁theatre ' s ▁address ▁is ▁" J oh |
anne ▁Dy bw ads ▁pl ass ▁ 1 ". ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁She ▁was ▁married ▁to ▁barr ister ▁and ▁song writer ▁Vil helm ▁Dy bw ad ▁( 1 8 6 3 – 1 9 5 0 ) ▁from ▁ 1 8 9 1 ▁to ▁ 1 9 1 6 . ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁mother ▁of ▁lawyer ▁N ils ▁Ju ell ▁Dy bw ad ▁( 1 8 9 2 - 1 9 7 2 ). ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁Krist ian ▁El ster , ▁Jr .: ▁Sk ues p iller inden ▁Joh anne ▁Dy bw ad . ▁T il ▁b ely s ning ▁av ▁real ism en ▁i ▁sk ues p ill k un sten ▁( 1 9 3 1 ) ▁Ax el ▁Otto ▁Norm ann : ▁Joh anne ▁Dy bw ad . ▁Liv ▁og ▁k unst ▁( 1 9 3 7 ) ▁C . ▁R . ▁W aal : ▁Joh anne ▁Dy bw ad . ▁Norweg ian ▁Act ress ▁( 1 9 6 7 ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 6 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 0 ▁deaths ▁Category : Act ress es ▁from ▁Os lo ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁stage ▁actress es ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁theatre ▁managers ▁and ▁producers ▁Category : ▁Rec ip ients ▁of ▁the ▁St . ▁Ol av ' s ▁Medal ▁Category : Rec ip ients ▁of ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Medal ▁of ▁Mer it ▁in ▁gold ▁Category : B ur ials ▁at ▁V år ▁F rel s ers ▁grav |
l und <0x0A> </s> ▁R ita ▁R az ma it ė ▁( born ▁ 2 0 ▁June ▁ 1 9 6 7 ) ▁is ▁a ▁L ith uan ian ▁former ▁cycl ist . ▁She ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : L ith uan ian ▁female ▁cycl ists ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁cycl ists ▁of ▁L ith u ania ▁Category : C ycl ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : C ycl ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Kre ting a <0x0A> </s> ▁Em al ▁is ▁an ▁Afghan ▁mascul ine ▁given ▁name . ▁Not able ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁name ▁include : ▁▁ ▁Em al ▁G ari wal ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 4 ), ▁Afghan ▁football ▁goal keeper ▁ ▁Em al ▁Pas arly ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 4 ), ▁Afghan ▁mult imedia ▁editor ▁for ▁the ▁BBC ▁ ▁Em al ▁Z eni ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 2 - 2 0 1 7 ), ▁Afghan ▁weapons ▁trad er ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Am al ▁( g iven ▁name ) ▁ ▁Category : Af ghan ▁mascul ine ▁given ▁names <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 6 ▁and ▁named ▁after ▁its ▁invent or , ▁Georges - F ern and ▁W idal , ▁is |
▁a ▁presum pt ive ▁ser ological ▁test ▁for ▁enter ic ▁fever ▁or ▁und ul ant ▁fever ▁where by ▁bacteria ▁causing ▁ty ph oid ▁fever ▁is ▁mixed ▁with ▁a ▁ser um ▁containing ▁specific ▁antib od ies ▁obtained ▁from ▁an ▁infected ▁individual . ▁In ▁cases ▁of ▁Sal mon ella ▁infection , ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁demonstr ation ▁of ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁O - s oma ▁false - pos itive ▁result . ▁Test ▁results ▁need ▁to ▁be ▁interpreted ▁carefully ▁to ▁account ▁for ▁any ▁history ▁of ▁enter ic ▁fever , ▁ty ph oid ▁vacc ination , ▁and ▁the ▁general ▁level ▁of ▁antib od ies ▁in ▁the ▁populations ▁in ▁end emic ▁areas ▁of ▁the ▁world . ▁Ty ph id ot ▁is ▁the ▁other ▁test ▁used ▁to ▁asc ertain ▁the ▁diagnosis ▁of ▁ty ph oid ▁fever . ▁As ▁with ▁all ▁ser ological ▁tests , ▁the ▁rise ▁in ▁antib ody ▁levels ▁needed ▁to ▁perform ▁the ▁diagnosis ▁takes ▁ 7 – 1 4 ▁days , ▁which ▁limits ▁its ▁applic ability ▁in ▁early ▁diagnosis . ▁Other ▁means ▁of ▁diagn osing ▁Sal mon ella ▁ty phi ▁( and ▁par aty phi ) ▁include ▁cultures ▁of ▁blood , ▁ur ine ▁and ▁fa ec es . ▁ ▁These ▁organ isms ▁produce ▁H 2 S ▁from ▁th ios ulf ate ▁and ▁can ▁be ▁identified ▁easily ▁on ▁differential ▁media ▁such ▁as ▁b ism uth ▁sul f ite ▁ag ar . ▁▁▁▁ 2 - mer cap to eth an ol ▁is ▁often ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁W idal ▁test . ▁This ▁agent ▁more ▁easily ▁den atures ▁the ▁I g M |
▁class ▁of ▁antib od ies , ▁so ▁if ▁a ▁decrease ▁in ▁the ▁t iter ▁is ▁seen ▁after ▁using ▁this ▁agent , ▁it ▁means ▁that ▁the ▁contribution ▁of ▁I g M ▁has ▁been ▁removed ▁leaving ▁the ▁I g G ▁component . ▁This ▁different iation ▁of ▁antib ody ▁classes ▁is ▁important ▁as ▁it ▁allows ▁for ▁the ▁distinction ▁of ▁a ▁recent ▁( I g M ) ▁from ▁an ▁old ▁infection ▁( I g G ). ▁ ▁The ▁W idal ▁test ▁is ▁positive ▁if ▁TO ▁ant igen ▁t iter ▁is ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 : 1 6 0 ▁in ▁an ▁active ▁infection , ▁or ▁if ▁TH ▁ant igen ▁t iter ▁is ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 : 1 6 0 ▁in ▁past ▁infection ▁or ▁in ▁imm un ized ▁persons . ▁A ▁single ▁W idal ▁test ▁is ▁of ▁little ▁clinical ▁relev ance ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁high ▁number ▁of ▁cross - react ing ▁in fections , ▁including ▁mal aria . ▁If ▁no ▁other ▁tests ▁( e ither ▁bacter i olog ic ▁culture ▁or ▁more ▁specific ▁ser ology ) ▁are ▁available , ▁a ▁four fold ▁increase ▁in ▁the ▁t iter ▁( e . g ., ▁from ▁ 1 : 4 0 ▁to ▁ 1 : 6 4 0 ) ▁in ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁infection , ▁or ▁a ▁conversion ▁from ▁an ▁I g M ▁reaction ▁to ▁an ▁I g G ▁reaction ▁of ▁at ▁least ▁the ▁same ▁t iter , ▁would ▁be ▁consistent ▁with ▁a ▁ty ph oid ▁infection . ▁ ▁A ▁new ▁ser ological ▁test ▁called ▁the ▁T ub ex ▁test |
▁is ▁neither ▁superior ▁nor ▁better ▁performing ▁than ▁the ▁W idal ▁test . ▁Therefore , ▁T ub ex ▁test ▁is ▁not ▁recommended ▁for ▁diagnosis ▁of ▁ty ph oid ▁fever . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Georges - F ern and ▁W idal ▁ ▁K au ff man - White ▁classification ▁ ▁Mean ▁cor pus cular ▁hem og l ob in § ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Category : Im mun olog ic ▁tests ▁Category : B acter ial ▁diseases ▁Category : Blo od ▁tests ▁Category : Ty ph oid ▁fever <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁Western ▁Australian ▁Legisl ative ▁Council ▁from ▁ 3 0 ▁May ▁ 1 9 0 4 ▁to ▁ 2 1 ▁May ▁ 1 9 0 6 . ▁The ▁chamber ▁had ▁thirty ▁seats ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁ten ▁provin ces ▁each ▁elect ing ▁three ▁members , ▁on ▁a ▁system ▁of ▁rotation ▁where by ▁one - third ▁of ▁the ▁members ▁would ▁retire ▁at ▁each ▁bien n ial ▁election . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁On ▁ 9 ▁July ▁ 1 9 0 4 , ▁East ▁Province ▁M LC ▁Edward ▁Viv ien ▁Harvey ▁Ke ane ▁died . ▁Vern on ▁Ham ers ley ▁won ▁the ▁resulting ▁by - election ▁on ▁ 5 ▁August ▁ 1 9 0 4 . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 0 ▁August ▁ 1 9 0 4 , ▁Central ▁Province ▁M LC ▁John ▁D rew ▁was ▁appointed ▁Minister ▁for ▁L ands ▁in ▁the ▁new ▁Ministry ▁led ▁by ▁Labor ▁premier ▁Henry ▁D ag lish . ▁He ▁was ▁therefore ▁required |
▁to ▁resign ▁and ▁contest ▁a ▁minister ial ▁by - election , ▁at ▁which ▁he ▁was ▁returned ▁un op posed ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁August ▁ 1 9 0 4 . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 5 ▁August ▁ 1 9 0 5 , ▁Met ropolitan - Sub ur ban ▁Province ▁M LC ▁Walter ▁Kings mill ▁was ▁appointed ▁Col onial ▁Secretary ▁and ▁Minister ▁for ▁Education ▁in ▁the ▁new ▁Ministry ▁led ▁by ▁Corn th wa ite ▁R ason . ▁He ▁was ▁therefore ▁required ▁to ▁resign ▁and ▁contest ▁a ▁minister ial ▁by - election , ▁at ▁which ▁he ▁was ▁returned ▁un op posed ▁on ▁ 6 ▁September ▁ 1 9 0 5 . ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁Western ▁Australian ▁par li aments ▁by ▁term <0x0A> </s> ▁Gab er l un zie ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁medieval ▁Sc ots ▁word ▁for ▁a ▁licensed ▁begg ar . ▁The ▁name ▁may ▁derive ▁from ▁the ▁wallet ▁that ▁such ▁people ▁carried , ▁but ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁other ▁known ▁deriv ation . ▁The ▁word ▁appears ▁in ▁several ▁of ▁Sir ▁Walter ▁Scott ' s ▁books . ▁ ▁Gab er l un z ies ▁were ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁King ' s ▁Bed es men ▁or ▁blue ▁g oun s ▁( the ▁gown s ▁were ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁al ms ▁given ▁by ▁the ▁mon arch ). ▁Scott ▁gives ▁an ▁account ▁of ▁the ▁customs ▁and ▁of ▁particular ▁Bed es men ▁he ▁knew ▁in ▁the ▁introduction ▁to ▁The ▁Ant iqu ary . ▁ ▁Sc ots man ▁Donald ▁Far f ra e ▁uses ▁the ▁word ▁in |
▁Thomas ▁Hard y ' s ▁The ▁Mayor ▁of ▁C aster bridge : ▁" There ▁are ▁not ▁perpet ual ▁snow ▁and ▁w olves ▁at ▁all ▁in ▁it ! — except ▁snow ▁in ▁winter , ▁and — well — a ▁little ▁in ▁summer ▁just ▁sometimes , ▁and ▁a ▁' g ab er l un zie ' ▁or ▁two ▁stalk ing ▁about ▁here ▁and ▁there , ▁if ▁ye ▁may ▁call ▁them ▁dangerous ." ▁ ▁The ▁word ▁also ▁makes ▁an ▁appearance ▁in ▁novels ▁in ▁Patrick ▁O ' B rian ' s ▁Aub rey – M atur in ▁series ▁- ▁Tre ason ' s ▁Har bour ▁and ▁The ▁H undred ▁Days . ▁ ▁The ▁word ▁is ▁also ▁refer enced ▁in ▁the ▁Out land er ▁series -- E pisode ▁ 8 ▁of ▁Season ▁ 1 . ▁A ▁character ▁by ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁Hugh ▁Mun ro ▁we ars ▁many ▁tokens ▁on ▁his ▁chest , ▁grant ing ▁him ▁permission ▁to ▁beg ▁in ▁different ▁Scottish ▁par ishes . ▁ ▁It ▁can ▁be ▁sp elled ▁gab er l un y ie , ▁since ▁the ▁z ▁was ▁originally ▁a ▁y og h . ▁ ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁Scottish ▁folk ▁du o ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁name , ▁who ▁have ▁performed ▁since ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 7 0 s . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁" The ▁J olly ▁Beg gar ", ▁a ▁ball ad ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁" The ▁Gab er l un z iem an ". ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Trad itional ▁poem : ▁The ▁Gab er l un y ie |
▁Man ▁ ▁Category : B eg g ars ▁Category : In form al ▁occup ations ▁Category : Med ieval ▁occup ations ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁society ▁in ▁the ▁Middle ▁A ges ▁ ▁It ▁also ▁appears ▁in ▁The ▁F ier y ▁Cross ▁by ▁Diana ▁Gab ald on . <0x0A> </s> ▁Go at ▁Story ▁ 2 ▁( AK A ▁- ▁Go at ▁story ▁with ▁Che ese ) ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Czech ▁teen ▁ 3 D ▁computer - anim ated ▁comedy ▁feature ▁film ▁( ). ▁Direct ed ▁by ▁Jan ▁Tom á nek ▁and ▁produced ▁by ▁Art ▁And ▁An imation ▁studio . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁sequ el ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁Go at ▁Story . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁animated ▁by ▁a ▁changed ▁team ▁from ▁the ▁first ▁film , ▁with ▁anim ators ▁joining ▁the ▁project ▁from ▁countries ▁such ▁as ▁Spain , ▁Bulgar ia ▁and ▁India . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 D ▁and ▁ 3 D . ▁The ▁movie ▁was ▁rendered ▁in ▁in - house ▁GPU ▁render er ▁Fur ry B all . ▁It ▁was ▁also ▁probably ▁the ▁first ▁world ▁feature ▁animated ▁movie ▁rendered ▁completely ▁on ▁GPU . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁put ▁producers ▁the ▁movie ▁on ▁YouTube ▁for ▁free . ▁As ▁with ▁the ▁original , ▁there ▁are ▁many ▁language ▁versions — - ▁the ▁original ▁Czech , ▁English , ▁Spanish , ▁Portuguese , ▁German , ▁French , ▁Turkish , ▁Italian , ▁Russian , ▁and ▁Hind i . ▁ ▁Plot ▁The ▁Go at ▁leaves ▁old ▁Pr |
ague ▁for ▁the ▁fair y ▁cheese ▁kingdom ▁and ▁must ▁save ▁the ▁parents ▁of ▁her ▁new ▁friends . ▁ ▁Cast ▁The ▁film ▁stars ▁the ▁voice ▁talents ▁of : ▁ ▁Ji ří ▁L á bus ▁as ▁Go at ▁ ▁Mat ě j ▁H á de k ▁as ▁K uba ▁ ▁Mah ul ena ▁Bo č an ová ▁as ▁M á ca ▁ ▁Mich al ▁D l ou h ý ▁as ▁Mat ě j ▁ ▁M iro sl av ▁T áb ors k ý ▁as ▁Pri est ▁Ign á c ▁ ▁K arel ▁He ř m á nek ▁as ▁Dev il ▁/ ▁Leader ▁ ▁Dal imil ▁Kl ap ka ▁as ▁Beg gar ▁ ▁O ta ▁J ir ák ▁as ▁T aver ner ▁ ▁Filip ▁J ev ič ▁as ▁Student ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁animated ▁feature ▁films ▁List ▁of ▁computer - anim ated ▁films ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Go at ▁story ▁on ▁YouTube ▁for ▁free ▁ ▁Official ▁website ▁( in ▁Czech ) ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 2 ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 2 ▁computer - anim ated ▁films ▁Category : C zech ▁animated ▁films ▁Category : C zech ▁sequ el ▁films ▁Category : C zech ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 s ▁sequ el ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 s ▁teen ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 2 ▁ 3 D ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Great est ▁H its ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁compilation ▁album ▁from ▁American ▁country ▁music ▁singer ▁Dan ▁Se als . ▁It ▁features ▁his ▁hits |
▁from ▁his ▁previous ▁studio ▁albums ▁such ▁as ▁Won ' t ▁Be ▁Blue ▁An ym ore , ▁R age ▁On , ▁and ▁On ▁Ar riv al . ▁All ▁tracks ▁were ▁previously ▁released ▁except ▁for ▁the ▁track ▁" B all ▁and ▁Chain ", ▁which ▁was ▁previously ▁unre leased , ▁and ▁newly ▁recorded ▁for ▁this ▁Great est ▁H its ▁album . ▁This ▁album ▁pe aked ▁at ▁# 1 5 ▁on ▁the ▁Country ▁albums ▁chart . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁" Love ▁on ▁Ar riv al " ▁( Dan ▁Se als ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 4 9 ▁ ▁" Big ▁Whe els ▁in ▁the ▁Moon light " ▁( B ob ▁Mc D ill , ▁Se als ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 4 9 ▁ ▁" Add icted " ▁( C her yl ▁Whe eler ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 1 1 ▁ ▁" Every thing ▁That ▁Gl it ters ▁( Is ▁Not ▁Gold )" ▁( Mc D ill , ▁Se als ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 5 0 ▁ ▁" B op " ▁( Paul ▁Davis , ▁Jennifer ▁Kim ball ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 7 ▁ ▁" Good ▁Times " ▁( Sam ▁Co oke ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 4 ▁ ▁" B ord ert own " ▁( Mc D ill , ▁Se als ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 5 6 ▁ ▁" They ▁R age ▁On " ▁( Mc D ill , ▁Se als ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 3 8 ▁ ▁" Water ▁Under ▁the ▁Bridge " ▁( John ▁P orter |
▁Mc Me ans , ▁Bruce ▁B urch ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 0 6 ▁ ▁" B all ▁and ▁Chain " ▁( Se als ) ▁- ▁ 3 : 4 4 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Dan ▁Se als ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Kyle ▁Le h ning ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁greatest ▁hits ▁albums ▁Category : Cap itol ▁Records ▁compilation ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁L j ung a ▁is ▁a ▁local ity ▁situated ▁in ▁Nor r kö ping ▁Municip ality , ▁Ö ster g öt land ▁County , ▁Sweden ▁with ▁ 6 8 8 ▁inhabitants ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Ö ster g öt land ▁County ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Nor r kö ping ▁Municip ality <0x0A> </s> ▁Gre ater ▁administrative ▁areas ▁() ▁were ▁early ▁top - level ▁administrative ▁divisions ▁of ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁that ▁directly ▁governed ▁provin ces ▁and ▁municipal ities . ▁These ▁were ▁the ▁largest - ever ▁political ▁divisions ▁of ▁China ▁and ▁were ▁controlled ▁by ▁the ▁Central ▁People ' s ▁Government . ▁They ▁were ▁diss olved ▁between ▁June ▁and ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 4 . ▁ ▁List ▁ ▁The ▁greater ▁administrative ▁areas ▁origin ated ▁from ▁the ▁districts ▁governed ▁by ▁govern ors - general ▁() ▁established ▁during ▁the ▁late ▁Q ing ▁dyn asty . ▁The ▁six ▁greater ▁administrative ▁areas ▁were : ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁highest ▁officials ▁of ▁the ▁greater ▁administrative ▁areas ▁were ▁known ▁as ▁chair men |
▁( ). ▁( From ▁this ▁historical ▁origin ▁der ives ▁the ▁term ▁still ▁used ▁today ▁for ▁the ▁top ▁officials ▁of ▁China ' s ▁autonom ous ▁regions .) ▁ ▁North ▁China ▁Area ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁to ▁be ▁abandoned ▁on ▁October ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁when ▁New ▁China ' s ▁capital ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁Beijing . ▁The ▁provin ces ▁it ▁governed ▁were ▁then ce for th ▁directly ▁controlled ▁by ▁the ▁North ▁China ▁Branch ▁() ▁of ▁the ▁Government ▁Administration ▁Council ▁of ▁the ▁Central ▁People ' s ▁Government ▁instead . ▁In ▁May ▁ 1 9 5 2 , ▁control ▁was ▁again ▁transferred , ▁this ▁time ▁to ▁the ▁North ▁China ▁Administr ative ▁Council ▁() ▁of ▁the ▁Government ▁Administration ▁Council . ▁ ▁Several ▁other ▁large - scale ▁entities ▁governed ▁parts ▁of ▁China ' s ▁territory ▁during ▁this ▁time ▁and ▁were ▁equivalent ▁to ▁greater ▁administrative ▁areas : ▁ ▁In ner ▁Mong olia ▁Aut onom ous ▁Region ▁ ▁Local ▁Government ▁of ▁Tibet ▁() ▁i . e . ▁( K ash ag ) ▁▁ ▁The ▁Executive ▁Committee ▁of ▁Q ion gy ai ▁Minor ity ▁National ity ▁Aut onom ous ▁Region ▁() ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 9 , ▁later ▁assigned ▁to ▁Central ▁and ▁South ▁China ▁Area ; ▁the ▁predecess or ▁of ▁H ain an ▁ ▁Except ▁the ▁Nort heast , ▁which ▁was ▁governed ▁by ▁a ▁People ' s ▁Government , ▁the ▁ ▁areas ' ▁highest ▁government ▁bodies ▁were ▁Military ▁and ▁Administr ative ▁Commit te es ▁( ), ▁which ▁were ▁replaced ▁by ▁administrative ▁coun c ils ▁in ▁November ▁ |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.