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▁at ▁the ▁reg iment ' s ▁dr ill ▁hall ▁in ▁El ver ton ▁Street ▁caused ▁minor ▁damage ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 7 1 . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁operated ▁as ▁a ▁medium ▁recon naissance ▁unit ▁equipped ▁with ▁arm oured ▁cars . ▁It ▁continued ▁in ▁this ▁role ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁when ▁it ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ' s ▁nuclear , ▁biological ▁and ▁chemical ▁defence ▁reg iment . ▁It ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁NBC ▁role ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁In ▁that ▁year , ▁the ▁J oint ▁NBC ▁Regiment ▁was ▁formed ▁as ▁a ▁joint ▁regular ▁Army ▁and ▁Royal ▁Air ▁Force ▁unit ▁composed ▁of ▁four ▁squad rons ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Royal ▁T ank ▁Regiment ▁and ▁ 2 7 ▁Squadron ▁Royal ▁Air ▁Force ▁Regiment . ▁▁▁ ▁In ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁and ▁A ▁( R oyal ▁W ilt shire ▁Ye oman ry ) ▁Squadron ▁were ▁mobil ised ▁( al ong ▁with ▁aug mente es ▁from ▁the ▁Royal ▁Ye oman ry ' s ▁three ▁other ▁squad rons ▁and ▁from ▁the ▁Royal ▁Log istic ▁Corps ) ▁for ▁the ▁im pending ▁war ▁in ▁Iraq . ▁Together , ▁these ▁mobil ised ▁elements ▁became ▁a ▁much - en larg ed ▁squad ron ▁of ▁the ▁J oint ▁NBC ▁Regiment . ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁found ▁themselves ▁serving ▁with ▁ 1 6 ▁Air ▁Ass ault ▁Brigade , ▁ 7 ▁Arm oured ▁Brigade ▁( the ▁Des ert ▁R ats ) ▁and ▁ 3 ▁Comm |
ando ▁Brigade ▁as ▁NBC ▁specialists , ▁before ▁switching ▁roles ▁to ▁inf antry ▁" pe ace ▁support " ▁operations ▁once ▁S add am ▁Hus se in ' s ▁regime ▁had ▁collapsed . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁also ▁provided ▁individual ▁repl ac ements ▁for ▁Operation ▁Herr ick ▁in ▁Afghanistan . ▁▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁Army ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁review , ▁the ▁squad ron ' s ▁role ▁became ▁that ▁of ▁light ▁caval ry : ▁providing ▁a ▁rapidly ▁deploy able ▁force ▁with ▁fast ▁mobility ▁and ▁substantial ▁fire power ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ' s ▁combat ▁arm . ▁Its ▁soldiers ▁provide ▁recon naissance , ▁reass urance , ▁security ▁and , ▁if ▁the ▁situation ▁demands ▁it , ▁decis ive ▁tact ical ▁effects ▁by ▁ra iding ▁and ▁attacking ▁the ▁enemy . ▁ ▁Un iform s ▁and ▁ins ign ia ▁The ▁Imperial ▁Ye oman ry ' s ▁service ▁dress ▁was ▁Kh aki ▁with ▁a ▁Sl ouch ▁hat , ▁officially ▁replaced ▁by ▁a ▁Service ▁cap ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 . ▁Thanks ▁to ▁Col ▁Burn s ' ▁links ▁to ▁King ▁Edward ▁VII , ▁the ▁reg imental ▁flash ▁worn ▁on ▁the ▁pag ri ▁of ▁the ▁Sl ouch ▁hat ▁and ▁later ▁Wol se ley ▁helmet ▁consisted , ▁with ▁Royal ▁permission , ▁of ▁the ▁King ' s ▁hor ser acing ▁colours ▁of ▁purple , ▁gold ▁and ▁red ▁( st ill ▁used ▁today ▁for ▁the ▁W D ' s ▁stable ▁belt , ▁see ▁above ). ▁However , ▁when ▁the ▁reg iment ▁mar ched ▁into ▁Palest ine ▁with ▁XX ▁Corps ▁in ▁ 1 9 |
1 7 ▁the ▁flash ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁changed ▁to ▁red , ▁white ▁and ▁blue . ▁ ▁The ▁reg iment ' s ▁full ▁dress ▁uniform ▁was ▁a ▁scar let ▁Dr ago on ▁t unic ▁with ▁purple ▁fac ings , ▁blue ▁over alls ▁( t ight ▁fitting ▁caval ry ▁tr ous ers ) ▁or ▁pant alo ons ▁with ▁a ▁single ▁yellow ▁stri pe , ▁and ▁a ▁white ▁metal ▁Dr ago on ▁helmet ▁with ▁purple ▁pl ume . ▁The ▁unique ▁pl ume ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁white ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 0 , ▁shortly ▁after ▁King ▁Edward ' s ▁funeral , ▁when ▁a ▁det achment ▁of ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁lined ▁the ▁street ▁at ▁Mar ble ▁Arch : ▁it ▁is ▁thought ▁that ▁the ▁purple ▁d ye ▁had ▁run ▁in ▁the ▁rain . ▁ ▁The ▁other ▁ranks ' ▁cap ▁and ▁collar ▁bad ge ▁was ▁the ▁pre - 1 9 6 5 ▁Co at ▁of ▁arms ▁of ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁West min ster , ▁with ▁port c ull is ▁and ▁T ud or ▁rose , ▁but ▁the ▁officers ▁– ▁many ▁of ▁whom ▁had ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Royal ▁Dr ago ons ▁– ▁wore ▁a ▁gold - em bro ider ed ▁staff ▁bad ge ▁used ▁by ▁that ▁reg iment ▁before ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Water lo o ▁( see ▁above ). ▁The ▁plate ▁on ▁the ▁original ▁dr ago on ▁helmet ▁bore ▁the ▁figure ▁ 2 ▁( for ▁ 2 nd ▁Co L ▁Ye oman ry ) ▁surrounded ▁by ▁the ▁G arter , ▁with ▁the ▁letters ▁I Y ▁beneath . |
▁ ▁At ▁Gall ip oli ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 5 ▁the ▁dis mount ed ▁ 1 / 2 nd ▁Co LY ▁wore ▁k h aki ▁ser ge ▁inf antry ▁uniform s ▁and ▁we bbing ▁equipment ▁with ▁a ▁Wol se ley ▁helmet ▁carrying ▁the ▁reg imental ▁flash ; ▁the ▁only ▁con cess ion ▁was ▁that ▁the ▁put tee ▁t apes ▁were ▁fast ened ▁at ▁the ▁bottom , ▁caval ry ▁style . ▁When ▁the ▁reg iment ▁rode ▁into ▁Palest ine ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁the ▁ser ge ▁t unic ▁was ▁replaced ▁in ▁hot ▁weather ▁with ▁a ▁blue - g rey ▁shirt , ▁and ▁brown ▁leather ▁caval ry ▁equipment ▁was ▁worn . ▁ ▁The ▁black ▁ber et ▁became ▁the ▁official ▁head ge ar ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁T ank ▁Corps ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁and ▁was ▁there after ▁also ▁adopted ▁by ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons . ▁ ▁Honor ary ▁Col on els ▁The ▁following ▁officers ▁have ▁served ▁as ▁Honor ary ▁Colonel ▁of ▁the ▁unit : ▁ ▁Col ▁C uth bert ▁L ark ing , ▁appointed ▁ 7 ▁December ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁ ▁Col ▁Sir ▁Charles ▁Burn , ▁ 1 st ▁Baron et , ▁former ▁CO , ▁appointed ▁ 1 9 ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁ ▁Col ▁Thomas ▁Scott - E ll is , ▁ 8 th ▁Baron ▁Howard ▁de ▁Wal den , ▁TD , ▁former ▁CO , ▁appointed ▁ 8 ▁May ▁ 1 9 2 7 ▁ ▁Col ▁Sir ▁Ed s all ▁M unt , |
▁MC , ▁former ▁CO , ▁appointed ▁ 5 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 5 ▁ ▁Gen ▁Sir ▁Harold ▁P yman , ▁G BE , ▁K CB , ▁D SO , ▁appointed ▁ 5 ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁ ▁Col ▁Hon ▁Sir ▁Gordon ▁Pal mer , ▁O BE , ▁TD , ▁appointed ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁ ▁Col ▁Edward ▁George ▁Ald red ▁K yn ast on , ▁O BE , ▁TD , ▁former ▁CO , ▁appointed ▁ 4 ▁November ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁ ▁Maj - Gen ▁John ▁My les ▁Bro ck bank , ▁C BE , ▁MC , ▁appointed ▁ 1 2 ▁September ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁ ▁Maj - Gen ▁John ▁Geoff rey ▁Rob yn ▁Allen , ▁CB , ▁appointed ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁ ▁Maj - Gen ▁Sir ▁Simon ▁Cooper , ▁K C VO , ▁appointed ▁ 2 0 ▁November ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁ ▁Gen ▁Sir ▁Jeremy ▁Black er , ▁K CB , ▁C BE , ▁appointed ▁ 1 ▁November ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁ ▁Paul ▁Kn ap man , ▁Deputy ▁Lieutenant ▁of ▁Gre ater ▁London , ▁current ▁ ▁Other ▁prominent ▁members ▁ ▁Tro oper , ▁later ▁Capt , ▁Cec il ▁C . P . ▁Law son , ▁military ▁illustr ator ▁and ▁reg imental ▁historian ▁Raj ▁Raj end ra ▁Nar ay an , ▁later ▁Mah ar aja ▁of ▁Co och ▁Be har , ▁Lieutenant ▁attached , ▁ 4 ▁June ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁ ▁Capt ▁John ▁Nor wood , ▁V C |
, ▁ 1 ▁February ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁Sir ▁S ime on ▁Stuart , ▁ 7 th ▁Baron et , ▁Major , ▁ 1 ▁October ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁ ▁Hon ▁Os bert ▁E ust ace ▁V es ey , ▁nep hew ▁of ▁Vis count ▁de ▁V es ci , ▁Captain ▁ 1 9 ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁ ▁Hon ▁John ▁Os ma el ▁Scott - E ll is , ▁later ▁ 9 th ▁Baron ▁Howard ▁de ▁Wal den , ▁Lieutenant ▁ 2 0 ▁February ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁ ▁Battle ▁hon ours ▁The ▁ 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ) ▁have ▁been ▁awarded ▁the ▁following ▁battle ▁hon ours : ▁Second ▁Bo er ▁War ▁South ▁Africa ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁First ▁World ▁War ▁Cour tr ai , ▁France ▁and ▁F land ers ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁Su v la , ▁Sc im itar ▁Hill , ▁Gall ip oli ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁Sue z ▁Canal , ▁Egypt ▁ 1 9 1 5 – 1 7 , ▁G aza , ▁El ▁M ugh ar , ▁Jerusalem , ▁Palest ine ▁ 1 9 1 7 – 1 8 ▁Second ▁World ▁War ▁Norm andy ▁Land ing , ▁Vill ers ▁B oc age , ▁Ven ra ij , ▁Me ij el , ▁Ven lo ▁P ocket , ▁Ro er , ▁North - West ▁Europe ▁ 1 9 4 4 – 4 5 ▁Iraq ▁War ▁Iraq ▁ 2 |
0 0 3 ▁( as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Ye oman ry ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ▁ ▁Imperial ▁Ye oman ry ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁Ye oman ry ▁Reg iments ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁ ▁Ye oman ry ▁ ▁Ye oman ry ▁order ▁of ▁preced ence ▁ ▁British ▁ye oman ry ▁during ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War ▁ ▁Second ▁line ▁ye oman ry ▁reg iments ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁ ▁B . S . ▁Barn es , ▁The ▁Sign ▁of ▁the ▁Double ▁' T ' ▁( The ▁ 5 0 th ▁North umb rian ▁Division ▁– ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁to ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 4 ), ▁Market ▁Weight on : ▁S entin el ▁Press , ▁ 2 nd ▁Ed n ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁. ▁ ▁Maj ▁A . F . ▁B ec ke , History ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁War : ▁Order ▁of ▁Battle ▁of ▁Div isions , ▁Part ▁ 2 a : ▁The ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁Mount ed ▁Div isions ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 st - Line ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁Div isions ▁( 4 2 – 5 6 ), ▁London : ▁H M ▁Station ery ▁Office , ▁ 1 9 3 5 / U ck field : ▁Naval ▁& ▁Military ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁. ▁ ▁Maj ▁A . F . ▁B ec ke , History ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁War : ▁Order ▁of ▁Battle ▁of ▁Div |
isions , ▁Part ▁ 2 b : ▁The ▁ 2 nd - Line ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁Div isions ▁( 5 7 th – 6 9 th ), ▁with ▁the ▁Home - Service ▁Div isions ▁( 7 1 st – 7 3 rd ) ▁and ▁ 7 4 th ▁and ▁ 7 5 th ▁Div isions , ▁London : ▁H M ▁Station ery ▁Office , ▁ 1 9 3 7 / U ck field : ▁Naval ▁& ▁Military ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁. ▁ ▁I . F . W . ▁Beck ett , ▁Terr itor ials ▁- ▁A ▁Century ▁of ▁Service , ▁St ap le h urst , ▁ 3 rd ▁Ed n ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁. ▁ ▁John ▁Buck ley , ▁Mont y ' s ▁Men : ▁The ▁British ▁Army ▁and ▁the ▁Liber ation ▁of ▁Europe , ▁London : ▁Yale ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁. ▁ ▁Ren é ▁Char tr and , ▁' The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁in ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War ', ▁Journal ▁of ▁the ▁Society ▁for ▁Army ▁Historical ▁Research , ▁Aut umn ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Vol ▁ 9 7 , ▁pp . 2 1 3 – 2 1 . ▁ ▁Richard ▁Do her ty , ▁Hob art ' s ▁ 7 9 th ▁Arm oured ▁Division ▁at ▁War : ▁In vention , ▁Innov ation ▁and ▁Insp iration , ▁Barn s ley : ▁Pen ▁& ▁S word , ▁ 2 0 1 |
1 , ▁. ▁ ▁Col ▁John ▁K . ▁Dun l op , ▁The ▁Development ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁ 1 8 9 9 – 1 9 1 4 , ▁London : ▁M eth uen , ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁ ▁Major ▁L . F . ▁Ell is , ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Military ▁Series : ▁Vict ory ▁in ▁the ▁West , ▁Vol ▁I : ▁The ▁Battle ▁of ▁Norm andy , ▁London : ▁H M ▁Station ery ▁Office , ▁ 1 9 6 2 / U ck field : ▁Naval ▁& ▁Military , ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁. ▁ ▁George ▁Fort y , ▁British ▁Army ▁Hand book ▁ 1 9 3 9 – 1 9 4 5 , ▁Str oud : ▁S utton , ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁. ▁ ▁R . G . ▁Harris , ▁" 5 0 ▁Years ▁of ▁Ye oman ry ▁Un iform s ", ▁Frederick ▁Mull er ▁Ltd ., ▁London ▁ 1 9 7 2 , ▁S BN ▁ 5 8 4 ▁ 1 0 9 3 7 ▁ 7 . ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁L t - Col ▁H . F . ▁Jos len , ▁Or ders ▁of ▁Battle , ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁and ▁Col onial ▁Form ations ▁and ▁Un its ▁in ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁ 1 9 3 9 – 1 9 4 5 , ▁London : ▁H M ▁Station ery ▁Office , ▁ 1 9 6 0 / U ck field : ▁Naval ▁& ▁Military ▁Press , ▁ |
2 0 0 3 , ▁. ▁▁▁ ▁Norman ▁E . H . ▁L itch field , ▁The ▁Terr itor ial ▁Art illery ▁ 1 9 0 8 – 1 9 8 8 ▁( The ir ▁Line age , ▁Un iform s ▁and ▁Bad ges ), ▁Not ting ham : ▁Sher wood ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁. ▁ ▁Cl iff ▁Lord ▁& ▁Graham ▁Watson , ▁Royal ▁Corps ▁of ▁Sign als : ▁Unit ▁Hist ories ▁of ▁the ▁Corps ▁( 1 9 2 0 – 2 0 0 1 ) ▁and ▁its ▁An te ced ents , ▁Sol ih ull : ▁Hel ion , ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁. ▁ ▁L t - Gen ▁H . G . ▁Martin , ▁The ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Fif teenth ▁Scottish ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 9 – 1 9 4 5 , ▁Edinburgh : ▁Black wood , ▁ 1 9 4 8 / U ck field : ▁Naval ▁& ▁Military ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁. ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Col ▁H . C . B . ▁Rogers , ▁The ▁Mount ed ▁Tro ops ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁ 1 0 6 6 – 1 9 4 5 , ▁London : ▁Se ele y ▁Service , ▁ 1 9 5 9 . ▁ ▁L t - Col ▁Ernest ▁Ryan , ▁' The ▁Post - South ▁African ▁War ▁Ye oman ry ', ▁Journal ▁of ▁the ▁Society ▁for ▁Army ▁Historical ▁Research , ▁June ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁Vol ▁ 3 8 , ▁pp |
. ▁ 5 7 – 6 2 . ▁ ▁R . J . ▁Smith , ▁The ▁Ye oman ry ▁Force ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁Cor on ation , ▁. ▁ ▁Edward ▁M . ▁Sp iers , ▁The ▁Army ▁and ▁Society ▁ 1 8 1 5 – 1 9 1 4 , ▁London : ▁Long mans , ▁ 1 9 8 0 , ▁. ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Ang lo - Bo er ▁War ▁ ▁Army ▁Rum our ▁Service ▁( AR R SE ) ▁Military ▁History ▁and ▁Mil itar ia ▁Forum ▁ ▁The ▁Long , ▁Long ▁Trail ▁ ▁Land ▁Forces ▁of ▁Britain , ▁the ▁Empire ▁and ▁Commonwealth ▁– ▁Reg iments . org ▁( archive ▁site ) ▁ ▁Roll ▁of ▁Hon our ▁▁▁ ▁H Q ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ) ▁Squadron ▁Royal ▁Ye oman ry ▁official ▁website ▁ ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ' ▁un off icial ▁website ▁ ▁A ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago on ' s ▁diary ▁of ▁Operation ▁Tel ic ▁ ▁From ▁the ▁Th ames ▁to ▁the ▁T igr is ▁– ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁in ▁Iraq ▁▁▁ ▁Category : West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁London ▁Ye oman ry , ▁County ▁of ▁Category : Y e oman ry ▁reg iments ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁Category : Reg iments ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : Mil itary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁Category : 1 9 |
0 1 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Ye oman ry ▁Category : Mil itary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁in ▁London ▁Category : Mil itary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁in ▁West min ster ▁Category : Mil itary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁in ▁F ul ham <0x0A> </s> ▁Stan is ław ▁Pot ock i ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁Stan is ław ▁" R ew era " ▁Pot ock i , ▁ 1 5 7 9 – 1 6 6 7 , ▁het man , ▁vo iv ode , ▁pod kom or zy , ▁Stan is ław ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 6 5 9 - 1 6 8 3 ), ▁son ▁of ▁Andr zej ▁Pot ock i ▁Stan is ław ▁Pot ock i ▁( d ied ▁ 1 7 6 0 ), ▁vo iv ode ▁Stan is ław ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 7 3 4 – 1 8 0 2 ), ▁k raj czy ▁Stan is ław ▁Sz cz ę s ny ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 7 5 3 – 1 8 0 5 ), ▁vo iv ode , ▁Art illery ▁General ▁Stan is ław ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 7 8 2 - 1 8 3 1 ), ▁Russian ▁commander ▁in ▁the ▁Patri otic ▁War ▁of ▁ 1 8 1 2 , ▁son ▁of ▁Stan is ław ▁Sz cz ę s ny ▁Stan is ław ▁K ost ka ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 7 5 5 – 1 8 2 1 ), ▁pod st oli , ▁Art illery ▁General ▁Stan is |
ław ▁Ant oni ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 8 3 7 – 1 8 8 4 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Aleks ander ▁Stan is ław ▁Pot ock i ▁( 1 7 7 8 – 1 8 4 5 ) ▁cast ellan ▁ ▁Pot ock i ▁family <0x0A> </s> ▁Philip ▁Ed gar ▁Russell ▁( born ▁ 9 ▁May ▁ 1 9 4 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁English ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁who ▁played ▁first - class ▁cricket ▁for ▁Der by shire ▁between ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁ ▁Russell ▁was ▁born ▁at ▁Il k eston , ▁Der by shire . ▁He ▁began ▁playing ▁in ▁the ▁Der by shire ▁Second ▁XI ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁and ▁made ▁his ▁first - class ▁debut ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁season , ▁in ▁a ▁victory ▁against ▁ ▁Not ting ham shire . ▁Russell ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁team ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁season ▁but ▁saw ▁less ▁action ▁on ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁season ▁when ▁Der by shire ▁were ▁in ▁sixth ▁place . ▁ ▁Russell ▁played ▁for ▁Der by shire ▁solid ly ▁for ▁another ▁decade , ▁until ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁season , ▁though ▁he ▁came ▁out ▁of ▁retirement ▁six ▁years ▁later ▁to ▁play ▁briefly ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁season , ▁as ▁a ▁ 4 1 - year - old . ▁He ▁continued ▁playing ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁season ▁in |
▁the ▁one - day ▁game ▁for ▁Der by shire . ▁Less ▁ag ile , ▁and ▁supplement ed ▁by ▁Der by shire ' s ▁Dan ish ▁wonder , ▁O le ▁Mort ensen , ▁Russell ▁brought ▁no ▁shame ▁upon ▁himself ▁in ▁his ▁later ▁years . ▁ ▁Russell ▁was ▁a ▁right - arm ▁medium ▁pace ▁bow ler ▁and ▁took ▁ 3 3 9 ▁first - class ▁w ickets ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 3 0 . 5 3 ▁and ▁a ▁best ▁performance ▁of ▁ 7 - 4 6 . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁right - handed ▁b ats man , ▁and ▁played ▁ 1 7 0 ▁first - class ▁matches ▁with ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 2 . 3 1 ▁and ▁a ▁top ▁score ▁of ▁ 7 3 . ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁occasional ▁w icket - keeper . ▁ ▁He ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁have ▁a ▁distinguished ▁career ▁as ▁Head ▁Ground s man ▁at ▁Kings m ead ▁Stadium , ▁Dur ban , ▁South ▁Africa . ▁ ▁Russell ' s ▁son , ▁Miles , ▁played ▁cricket ▁for ▁the ▁Der by shire ▁Second ▁XI ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : English ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Der by shire ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : Intern ational ▁C aval iers ▁cr ick eters <0x0A> </s> ▁Mah inda ▁IV ▁was ▁King ▁of ▁An ur ad h ap ura ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁century , ▁whose ▁reign ▁lasted ▁from ▁ 9 |
7 5 ▁to ▁ 9 9 1 . ▁He ▁succeeded ▁his ▁brother ▁S ena ▁IV ▁as ▁King ▁of ▁An ur ad h ap ura ▁and ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁son ▁S ena ▁V . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁mon arch s ▁ ▁History ▁of ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Kings ▁& ▁R ul ers ▁of ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁ ▁C od ring ton ' s ▁Short ▁History ▁of ▁C ey lon ▁ ▁Category : Mon arch s ▁of ▁An ur ad h ap ura ▁M ▁M ▁M <0x0A> </s> ▁Joh an ▁J ør gen ▁L ange ▁Hans sen ▁( 1 8 ▁November ▁ 1 8 2 1 ▁- ▁ 2 3 ▁December ▁ 1 8 8 9 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Norweg ian ▁politician . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 1 ▁in ▁Christian ia ▁as ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁jur ist ▁and ▁politician ▁Even ▁Hans sen ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Barbara ▁Ab ig ael ▁L ange . ▁He ▁had ▁a ▁younger ▁brother ▁Peter ▁Nicol ai ▁Fre berg ▁Hans en ▁who ▁became ▁a ▁jur ist ▁like ▁his ▁father . ▁ ▁In ▁December ▁ 1 8 5 3 ▁he ▁married ▁Lov ise ▁Jacob ine ▁L ange . ▁She ▁h ailed ▁from ▁Are nd al , ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁government ▁minister ▁Otto ▁Vincent ▁L ange ▁and ▁Anne ▁Nicol ine ▁A all . ▁Anne ▁Nicol ine ▁A all ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Jacob ▁A all ▁and ▁nie ce ▁of ▁J |
ør gen ▁and ▁N iels ▁A all . ▁All ▁these ▁people ▁were ▁influential ▁politicians . ▁Furthermore , ▁Otto ▁Vincent ▁L ange ▁was ▁a ▁mater nal ▁uncle ▁of ▁Joh an ▁J ør gen ▁L ange ▁Hans sen , ▁and ▁as ▁such ▁Joh an ▁J ør gen ▁was ▁married ▁to ▁his ▁first ▁cousin . ▁Additionally , ▁the ▁mater nal ▁un cles ▁Hans ▁Nicol ai ▁and ▁Ul rik ▁Freder ik ▁were ▁involved ▁in ▁politics ; ▁so ▁was ▁priest ▁N ils ▁Land mark ▁who ▁was ▁married ▁to ▁a ▁Joh an ▁J ør gen ' s ▁mater nal ▁aunt ▁Christian e ▁Wilhelm ine . ▁ ▁Career ▁Joh an ▁J ør gen ▁L ange ▁Hans sen ▁moved ▁to ▁Are nd al ▁and ▁became ▁director ▁of ▁an ▁insurance ▁company , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁savings ▁bank . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁elected ▁to ▁the ▁Norweg ian ▁Parliament ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 4 , ▁representing ▁the ▁urban ▁constitu ency ▁of ▁Are nd al ▁og ▁Gr im stad . ▁He ▁served ▁only ▁one ▁term . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁census ▁his ▁household ▁were ▁registered ▁as ▁having ▁at ▁least ▁three ▁servants . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 2 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 8 8 9 ▁deaths ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁St ort ing ▁Category : A ust - Ag der ▁politicians ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Are nd al ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁business people ▁in ▁insurance <0x0A> </s> ▁R ik ava ▁Man or ▁is ▁a ▁man or ▁in ▁R |
ik ava ▁Par ish , ▁R ē zek ne ▁Municip ality ▁in ▁the ▁historical ▁region ▁of ▁Lat g ale , ▁in ▁Lat via . ▁The ▁complex ▁includes ▁a ▁castle , ▁park ▁and ▁three ▁other ▁ ▁buildings . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁R ik ava ▁estate ▁was ▁property ▁of ▁Jan ov ski ▁noble ▁family . ▁In ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁century ▁M ih als ▁von ▁Rick ▁bought ▁estate . ▁The ▁red ▁brick ▁man or ▁house ▁in ▁Ne o ▁G oth ic ▁style ▁was ▁built ▁from ▁ 1 8 7 0 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 5 . ▁After ▁Lat v ian ▁ag r arian ▁reform ▁of ▁ 1 9 2 0 s ▁man or ▁was ▁ ▁property ▁of ▁the ▁state ▁and ▁since ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁man or ▁house ▁hosted ▁R ik ava ▁Element ary ▁School , ▁which ▁still ▁operates ▁today . ▁Beautiful ▁building ▁interior ▁and ▁wooden ▁stairs ▁are ▁well ▁preserved . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁pal aces ▁and ▁man or ▁houses ▁in ▁Lat via ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Man or ▁houses ▁in ▁Lat via <0x0A> </s> ▁Hugo ▁Philipp ▁Jacob ▁Wolf ▁( 1 3 ▁March ▁ 1 8 6 0 ▁– ▁ 2 2 ▁February ▁ 1 9 0 3 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Aust rian ▁composer ▁of ▁Slov ene ▁origin , ▁particularly ▁noted ▁for ▁his ▁art ▁songs , ▁or ▁L ieder . ▁He ▁brought ▁to ▁this ▁form ▁a ▁concentrated ▁express ive ▁intensity ▁which ▁was ▁unique ▁in ▁late ▁Rom antic ▁music , ▁somewhat ▁related ▁to ▁that ▁of |
▁the ▁Second ▁Vien n ese ▁School ▁in ▁conc ision ▁but ▁diver ging ▁greatly ▁in ▁technique . ▁ ▁Though ▁he ▁had ▁several ▁burst s ▁of ▁extraordinary ▁productivity , ▁particularly ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁and ▁ 1 8 8 9 , ▁depression ▁frequently ▁interrupted ▁his ▁creative ▁periods , ▁and ▁his ▁last ▁composition ▁was ▁written ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 8 , ▁before ▁he ▁suffered ▁a ▁mental ▁collapse ▁caused ▁by ▁sy ph ilis . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁( 1 8 6 0 – 1 8 8 7 ) ▁ ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Wind isch gr ät z ▁in ▁the ▁D uch y ▁of ▁St y ria ▁( now ▁Sl oven j ▁Grad ec , ▁Sl oven ia ), ▁then ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Aust rian ▁Empire . ▁From ▁his ▁mater nal ▁side , ▁he ▁was ▁related ▁to ▁Herbert ▁von ▁Kar aj an . ▁He ▁spent ▁most ▁of ▁his ▁life ▁in ▁Vienna , ▁becoming ▁a ▁representative ▁of ▁" New ▁German " ▁trend ▁in ▁L ieder , ▁a ▁trend ▁which ▁followed ▁from ▁the ▁express ive , ▁chrom atic ▁and ▁dramatic ▁musical ▁innov ations ▁of ▁Richard ▁W agner . ▁ ▁A ▁child ▁pro dig y , ▁Wolf ▁was ▁taught ▁piano ▁and ▁viol in ▁by ▁his ▁father ▁beginning ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁four , ▁and ▁once ▁in ▁primary ▁school ▁studied ▁piano ▁and ▁music ▁theory ▁with ▁Sebastian ▁We ix ler . ▁Subject s ▁other ▁than ▁music ▁failed ▁to ▁hold ▁his ▁interest ; ▁he ▁was ▁dismissed ▁from ▁the ▁first ▁secondary ▁school ▁he ▁attended ▁as ▁being ▁" wh olly |
▁in ade quate ," ▁left ▁another ▁over ▁his ▁difficulties ▁in ▁the ▁comp uls ory ▁Latin ▁studies , ▁and ▁after ▁a ▁falling - out ▁with ▁a ▁professor ▁who ▁commented ▁on ▁his ▁" dam ned ▁music ," ▁quit ▁the ▁last . ▁From ▁there , ▁he ▁went ▁to ▁the ▁Vienna ▁Conserv atory ▁much ▁to ▁the ▁disappointment ▁of ▁his ▁father , ▁who ▁had ▁hoped ▁his ▁son ▁would ▁not ▁try ▁to ▁make ▁his ▁living ▁from ▁music . ▁Once ▁again , ▁however , ▁he ▁was ▁dismissed ▁for ▁" bre ach ▁of ▁discipline ," ▁although ▁the ▁of t - re bell ious ▁Wolf ▁would ▁claim ▁he ▁quit ▁in ▁frustration ▁over ▁the ▁school ' s ▁conserv at ism . ▁ ▁After ▁eight ▁months ▁with ▁his ▁family , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Vienna ▁to ▁teach ▁music . ▁Though ▁his ▁fier y ▁temper ament ▁was ▁not ▁ide ally ▁suited ▁to ▁teaching , ▁Wolf ' s ▁musical ▁gifts , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁his ▁personal ▁charm , ▁earned ▁him ▁attention ▁and ▁patron age . ▁Support ▁of ▁benef act ors ▁allowed ▁him ▁to ▁make ▁a ▁living ▁as ▁a ▁composer , ▁and ▁a ▁daughter ▁of ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁greatest ▁benef act ors ▁inspired ▁him ▁to ▁write ▁to ▁V ally ▁(" Val ent ine ") ▁Fran ck , ▁his ▁first ▁love , ▁with ▁whom ▁he ▁was ▁involved ▁for ▁three ▁years . ▁During ▁their ▁relationship , ▁hint s ▁of ▁his ▁mature ▁style ▁would ▁become ▁evident ▁in ▁his ▁L ieder . ▁Wolf ▁was ▁pr one ▁to ▁depression ▁and ▁wide ▁mood ▁sw ings , ▁which ▁would ▁affect ▁him ▁all ▁through ▁his ▁life |
. ▁When ▁Fran ck ▁left ▁him ▁just ▁before ▁his ▁ 2 1 st ▁birthday , ▁he ▁was ▁des pond ent . ▁He ▁returned ▁home , ▁although ▁his ▁family ▁relationships ▁were ▁also ▁str ained ; ▁his ▁father ▁was ▁still ▁convinced ▁his ▁son ▁was ▁a ▁ne ' er - do - well . ▁His ▁brief ▁and ▁und ist ingu ished ▁ten ure ▁as ▁second ▁Kap ell me ister ▁at ▁Sal z burg ▁only ▁rein forced ▁this ▁opinion : ▁Wolf ▁had ▁neither ▁the ▁temper ament , ▁the ▁conducting ▁technique ▁nor ▁the ▁aff inity ▁for ▁the ▁decided ly ▁non - W agner ian ▁re per toire ▁to ▁be ▁successful , ▁and ▁within ▁a ▁year ▁had ▁again ▁returned ▁to ▁Vienna ▁to ▁teach ▁in ▁much ▁the ▁same ▁circumstances ▁as ▁before . ▁ ▁W agner ' s ▁death ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁was ▁another ▁deeply ▁moving ▁event ▁in ▁the ▁life ▁of ▁the ▁young ▁composer . ▁The ▁song ▁" Z ur ▁R uh , ▁zur ▁R uh " ▁was ▁composed ▁shortly ▁afterward ▁and ▁is ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁best ▁of ▁his ▁early ▁works ; ▁it ▁is ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁intended ▁as ▁an ▁ele gy ▁for ▁W agner . ▁Wolf ▁often ▁des pa ired ▁of ▁his ▁own ▁future ▁in ▁the ▁en su ing ▁years , ▁in ▁a ▁world ▁from ▁which ▁his ▁id ol ▁had ▁depart ed , ▁leaving ▁tremendous ▁foot steps ▁to ▁follow ▁and ▁no ▁guidance ▁on ▁how ▁to ▁do ▁so . ▁This ▁left ▁him ▁often ▁extremely ▁temper ament al , ▁alien ating ▁friends ▁and ▁pat rons |
, ▁although ▁his ▁charm ▁helped ▁him ▁retain ▁them ▁more ▁than ▁his ▁actions ▁mer ited . ▁His ▁songs ▁had ▁mean while ▁caught ▁the ▁attention ▁of ▁Franz ▁Lis zt , ▁whom ▁he ▁respected ▁greatly , ▁and ▁who ▁like ▁Wolf ' s ▁previous ▁ment ors ▁advised ▁him ▁to ▁pursue ▁larger ▁forms ; ▁advice ▁he ▁this ▁time ▁followed ▁with ▁the ▁sym ph onic ▁tone ▁poem ▁Pent hes ile a . ▁His ▁activities ▁as ▁a ▁critic ▁began ▁to ▁pick ▁up . ▁He ▁was ▁mer cil ess ▁in ▁his ▁criticism ▁of ▁the ▁inferior ▁works ▁he ▁saw ▁taking ▁over ▁the ▁musical ▁atmosphere ▁of ▁the ▁time ; ▁those ▁of ▁Anton ▁Rub in stein ▁he ▁considered ▁particularly ▁od ious . ▁But ▁he ▁was ▁as ▁f erv ent ▁in ▁his ▁support ▁of ▁Lis zt , ▁Sch ub ert ▁and ▁Ch op in , ▁whose ▁genius ▁he ▁recognized . ▁K nown ▁as ▁" W ild ▁Wolf " ▁for ▁the ▁intensity ▁and ▁express ive ▁strength ▁of ▁his ▁conv ictions , ▁his ▁vit ri ol ▁made ▁him ▁some ▁enemies . ▁He ▁composed ▁little ▁during ▁this ▁time , ▁and ▁what ▁he ▁did ▁write ▁he ▁couldn ' t ▁get ▁performed ; ▁the ▁Ros é ▁Qu art et ▁( led ▁by ▁Vienna ▁Phil harm onic ▁concert master ▁Arnold ▁Ros é ) ▁would ▁not ▁even ▁look ▁at ▁his ▁D ▁minor ▁Qu art et ▁after ▁it ▁was ▁picked ▁apart ▁in ▁a ▁column , ▁and ▁the ▁premi ere ▁of ▁Pent hes ile a ▁was ▁met ▁by ▁the ▁Vienna ▁Phil harm onic , ▁when ▁they ▁tried ▁it ▁out ▁under ▁their ▁celebrated ▁conservative ▁condu |
ctor ▁Hans ▁Rich ter , ▁with ▁nothing ▁but ▁der ision ▁for ▁' the ▁man ▁who ▁had ▁d ared ▁to ▁critic ize ▁" Me ister ▁Bra h ms ,' " ▁as ▁Rich ter ▁himself ▁ca ust ically ▁put ▁it . ▁ ▁He ▁abandoned ▁his ▁activities ▁as ▁a ▁critic ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 7 ▁and ▁began ▁compos ing ▁once ▁more ; ▁perhaps ▁not ▁unexpected ly , ▁the ▁first ▁songs ▁he ▁wrote ▁after ▁his ▁compos itional ▁hi atus ▁( to ▁poems ▁by ▁Go ethe , ▁Joseph ▁von ▁E iche nd or ff ▁and ▁Joseph ▁Vik tor ▁von ▁Sche ff el ) ▁emphas ized ▁themes ▁of ▁strength ▁and ▁resolution ▁under ▁advers ity . ▁Short ly ▁there after , ▁he ▁completed ▁the ▁ter se , ▁w itty ▁one - move ment ▁Italian ▁Ser en ade ▁for ▁string ▁quart et ▁which ▁is ▁regarded ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁finest ▁examples ▁of ▁his ▁mature ▁instrumental ▁compos itional ▁style . ▁Only ▁a ▁week ▁later ▁his ▁father ▁died , ▁leaving ▁him ▁devast ated , ▁and ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁comp ose ▁for ▁the ▁remainder ▁of ▁the ▁year . ▁ ▁M atur ity ▁( 1 8 8 8 – 1 8 9 6 ) ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁and ▁ 1 8 8 9 ▁proved ▁to ▁be ▁amazing ly ▁productive ▁years ▁for ▁Wolf , ▁and ▁a ▁turning ▁point ▁in ▁his ▁career . ▁After ▁the ▁publication ▁of ▁a ▁dozen ▁of ▁his ▁songs ▁late ▁the ▁preced ing ▁year , ▁Wolf ▁once ▁again ▁desired ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁compos ing , ▁and ▁trav elled ▁to ▁the ▁vacation |
▁home ▁of ▁the ▁W ern ers — family ▁friends ▁whom ▁Wolf ▁had ▁known ▁since ▁childhood — in ▁Per cht olds dorf ▁( a ▁short ▁train ▁ride ▁from ▁Vienna ), ▁to ▁escape ▁and ▁comp ose ▁in ▁sol itude . ▁Here ▁he ▁composed ▁the ▁M ö rike - L ieder ▁at ▁a ▁f ren z ied ▁pace . ▁A ▁short ▁break , ▁and ▁a ▁change ▁of ▁house , ▁this ▁time ▁to ▁the ▁vacation ▁home ▁of ▁more ▁long time ▁friends , ▁the ▁E ck ste ins , ▁and ▁the ▁E iche nd or ff - L ieder ▁followed , ▁then ▁the ▁ 5 1 ▁Go ethe - L ieder , ▁sp illing ▁into ▁ 1 8 8 9 . ▁After ▁a ▁summer ▁holiday , ▁the ▁Span isches ▁L ieder buch ▁was ▁begun ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 8 8 9 ; ▁though ▁Spanish - fl av oured ▁compos itions ▁were ▁in ▁fashion ▁in ▁the ▁day , ▁Wolf ▁sought ▁out ▁poems ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁neg lected ▁by ▁other ▁compos ers . ▁ ▁Wolf ▁himself ▁saw ▁the ▁mer it ▁of ▁these ▁compos itions ▁immediately , ▁r aving ▁to ▁friends ▁that ▁they ▁were ▁the ▁best ▁things ▁he ▁had ▁yet ▁composed ▁( it ▁was ▁with ▁the ▁aid ▁and ▁urg ing ▁of ▁several ▁of ▁the ▁more ▁influential ▁of ▁them ▁that ▁the ▁works ▁were ▁initially ▁published ). ▁It ▁was ▁now ▁that ▁the ▁world ▁outside ▁Vienna ▁would ▁recognize ▁Wolf ▁as ▁well . ▁Ten or ▁Ferd inand ▁J äger , ▁whom ▁Wolf ▁had ▁heard ▁in ▁Pars if al ▁during ▁his ▁brief ▁summer ▁break ▁from ▁compos |
ing , ▁was ▁present ▁at ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁conc erts ▁of ▁the ▁M ö rike ▁works ▁and ▁quickly ▁became ▁a ▁champion ▁of ▁his ▁music , ▁performing ▁a ▁rec ital ▁of ▁only ▁Wolf ▁and ▁Be eth oven ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 8 8 8 . ▁His ▁works ▁were ▁praised ▁in ▁reviews , ▁including ▁one ▁in ▁the ▁München er ▁All geme ine ▁Zeit ung , ▁a ▁widely ▁read ▁German ▁newspaper . ▁( The ▁recognition ▁was ▁not ▁always ▁positive ; ▁Bra h ms ' s ▁ad her ents , ▁still ▁smart ing ▁from ▁Wolf ' s ▁mer cil ess ▁reviews , ▁returned ▁the ▁favor — when ▁they ▁would ▁have ▁anything ▁to ▁do ▁with ▁him ▁at ▁all . ▁Bra h ms ' s ▁bi ographer ▁Max ▁Kal beck ▁ridic ul ed ▁Wolf ▁for ▁his ▁imm ature ▁writing ▁and ▁odd ▁ton al ities ; ▁another ▁composer ▁refused ▁to ▁share ▁a ▁program ▁with ▁him , ▁while ▁Am alie ▁M ater na , ▁a ▁W agner ian ▁singer , ▁had ▁to ▁cancel ▁her ▁Wolf ▁rec ital ▁when ▁alleg edly ▁faced ▁with ▁the ▁threat ▁of ▁being ▁on ▁the ▁critics ' ▁black list ▁if ▁she ▁went ▁on .) ▁ ▁Only ▁a ▁few ▁more ▁settings , ▁completing ▁the ▁first ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁Ital ien isches ▁L ieder buch , ▁were ▁composed ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 1 ▁before ▁Wolf ' s ▁mental ▁and ▁physical ▁health ▁once ▁again ▁took ▁a ▁downt urn ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁year ; ▁exhaust ion ▁from ▁his ▁pro l ific ▁past ▁few ▁years ▁combined ▁with ▁the ▁effects |
▁of ▁sy ph ilis ▁and ▁his ▁depress ive ▁temper ament ▁caused ▁him ▁to ▁stop ▁compos ing ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁several ▁years . ▁Contin uing ▁conc erts ▁of ▁his ▁works ▁in ▁Austria ▁and ▁Germany ▁spread ▁his ▁growing ▁fame ; ▁even ▁Bra h ms ▁and ▁the ▁critics ▁who ▁had ▁previously ▁rev iled ▁Wolf ▁gave ▁favor able ▁reviews . ▁However , ▁Wolf ▁was ▁consumed ▁with ▁depression , ▁which ▁stopped ▁him ▁from ▁writing — which ▁only ▁left ▁him ▁more ▁depressed . ▁He ▁completed ▁or chestr ations ▁of ▁previous ▁works , ▁but ▁new ▁compos itions ▁were ▁not ▁forth coming , ▁and ▁certainly ▁not ▁the ▁opera ▁which ▁he ▁was ▁now ▁fix ated ▁on ▁compos ing , ▁still ▁convinced ▁that ▁success ▁in ▁the ▁larger ▁forms ▁was ▁the ▁mark ▁of ▁compos itional ▁great ness . ▁ ▁Wolf ▁had ▁sc orn fully ▁rejected ▁the ▁lib ret to ▁to ▁Der ▁Cor reg id or ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁first ▁presented ▁to ▁him ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 0 , ▁but ▁his ▁determination ▁to ▁comp ose ▁an ▁opera ▁blind ed ▁him ▁to ▁its ▁fault s ▁upon ▁second ▁glance . ▁Based ▁on ▁The ▁Three - Cor ner ed ▁Hat , ▁by ▁Pedro ▁Antonio ▁de ▁Al arc ón , ▁the ▁dark ly ▁hum orous ▁story ▁about ▁an ▁ad ul ter ous ▁love ▁triangle ▁is ▁one ▁that ▁Wolf ▁could ▁identify ▁with : ▁he ▁had ▁been ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁Mel anie ▁Kö ch ert , ▁married ▁to ▁his ▁friend ▁Heinrich ▁Kö ch ert , ▁for ▁several ▁years . ▁( It ▁is ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁their ▁romance ▁began ▁in ▁earn |
est ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 , ▁when ▁Wolf ▁accompanied ▁the ▁Kö ch erts ▁on ▁holiday ; ▁though ▁Heinrich ▁discovered ▁the ▁affair ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 3 ▁he ▁remained ▁Wolf ' s ▁patron ▁and ▁Mel anie ' s ▁husband .) ▁The ▁opera ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁nine ▁months ▁and ▁was ▁initially ▁met ▁with ▁success , ▁but ▁Wolf ' s ▁musical ▁setting ▁could ▁not ▁compens ate ▁for ▁the ▁weakness ▁of ▁the ▁text , ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁do omed ▁to ▁failure ; ▁it ▁has ▁not ▁yet ▁been ▁successfully ▁rev ived . ▁ ▁A ▁renew al ▁of ▁creative ▁activity ▁resulted ▁in ▁Wolf ' s ▁completion ▁of ▁the ▁Ital ien isches ▁L ieder buch ▁with ▁two ▁dozen ▁songs ▁written ▁in ▁March ▁and ▁April ▁ 1 8 9 6 , ▁the ▁composition ▁of ▁three ▁Michel angel o ▁L ieder ▁in ▁March , ▁ 1 8 9 7 ▁( a ▁group ▁of ▁six ▁had ▁been ▁projected ) ▁and ▁pre liminary ▁work ▁during ▁that ▁year ▁on ▁an ▁opera , ▁Manuel ▁Ven eg as . ▁ ▁Final ▁years ▁( 1 8 9 7 – 1 9 0 3 ) ▁Wolf ' s ▁last ▁concert ▁appearance , ▁which ▁included ▁his ▁early ▁champion ▁J äger , ▁was ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 8 9 7 . ▁Short ly ▁there after ▁Wolf ▁slipped ▁into ▁sy ph il it ic ▁ins an ity , ▁with ▁only ▁occasional ▁sp ells ▁of ▁well being . ▁He ▁left ▁sixty ▁pages ▁of ▁an ▁un finished ▁opera , ▁Manuel ▁Ven eg as , ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 7 , |
▁in ▁a ▁desperate ▁attempt ▁to ▁finish ▁before ▁he ▁lost ▁his ▁mind ▁completely ; ▁after ▁mid - 1 8 9 9 ▁he ▁could ▁make ▁no ▁music ▁at ▁all ▁and ▁once ▁even ▁tried ▁to ▁d rown ▁himself , ▁after ▁which ▁he ▁was ▁placed ▁in ▁a ▁Vienna ▁as yl um ▁at ▁his ▁own ▁ins istence . ▁Mel anie ▁visited ▁him ▁faith fully ▁during ▁his ▁decline ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁on ▁ 2 2 ▁February ▁ 1 9 0 3 , ▁but ▁her ▁un fa ith fulness ▁to ▁her ▁husband ▁tort ured ▁her ▁and ▁she ▁killed ▁herself ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 . ▁ ▁Wolf ▁is ▁buried ▁in ▁the ▁Zent ral fried hof ▁( Cent ral ▁C emetery ) ▁in ▁Vienna , ▁along ▁with ▁many ▁other ▁notable ▁compos ers . ▁ ▁Music ▁Wolf ' s ▁greatest ▁musical ▁influence ▁was ▁Richard ▁W agner , ▁who , ▁in ▁an ▁encounter ▁after ▁Wolf ▁first ▁came ▁to ▁the ▁Vienna ▁Conserv atory , ▁encouraged ▁the ▁young ▁composer ▁to ▁pers ist ▁in ▁compos ing ▁and ▁to ▁attempt ▁larger - scale ▁works , ▁cement ing ▁Wolf ' s ▁desire ▁to ▁em ulate ▁his ▁musical ▁id ol . ▁His ▁ant ip ath y ▁to ▁Johannes ▁Bra h ms ▁was ▁fuel ed ▁equally ▁by ▁his ▁dev otion ▁to ▁W agner ' s ▁musical ▁radical ism ▁and ▁his ▁lo ath ing ▁of ▁Bra h ms ' ▁musical ▁" con serv at ism ". ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁by ▁his ▁li eder , ▁his ▁temper ament ▁and ▁incl ination ▁leading ▁him ▁to ▁more ▁intimate , ▁subject ive |
▁and ▁ter se ▁musical ▁utter ances . ▁Although ▁he ▁initially ▁believed ▁that ▁master ing ▁the ▁larger ▁forms ▁was ▁the ▁hall mark ▁of ▁a ▁great ▁composer ▁( a ▁belief ▁his ▁early ▁ment ors ▁rein forced ), ▁the ▁smaller ▁scale ▁of ▁the ▁art ▁song ▁proved ▁to ▁provide ▁an ▁ideal ▁creative ▁out let ▁for ▁his ▁musical ▁expression ▁and ▁came ▁to ▁be ▁regarded ▁as ▁the ▁genre ▁best ▁suited ▁to ▁his ▁peculiar ▁genius . ▁Wolf ' s ▁li eder ▁are ▁noted ▁for ▁compress ing ▁expans ive ▁musical ▁ideas ▁and ▁depth ▁of ▁feeling , ▁fed ▁by ▁his ▁skill ▁at ▁finding ▁the ▁just ▁right ▁musical ▁setting ▁for ▁the ▁poetry ▁that ▁inspired ▁him . ▁Though ▁Wolf ▁himself ▁was ▁obs essed ▁with ▁the ▁idea ▁that ▁to ▁comp ose ▁only ▁short ▁forms ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁second - rate , ▁his ▁organization ▁of ▁lyrics ▁of ▁particular ▁po ets ▁( Go ethe ; ▁M ö rike ; ▁E iche nd or ff ; ▁Hey se ▁& ▁Ge ib el ▁in ▁the ▁Spanish ▁and ▁Italian ▁Song books ) ▁into ▁sem icy cl ical ▁anth ologies , ▁finding ▁connections ▁between ▁texts ▁not ▁explicitly ▁intended ▁by ▁the ▁po ets ▁he ▁set ▁and ▁his ▁concept ions ▁of ▁individual ▁songs ▁as ▁dramatic ▁works ▁in ▁mini ature , ▁mark ▁him ▁as ▁a ▁talented ▁dram at ist ▁despite ▁having ▁written ▁only ▁one ▁not ▁particularly ▁successful ▁opera , ▁Der ▁Cor reg id or . ▁ ▁Early ▁in ▁his ▁career ▁Wolf ▁mod elled ▁his ▁li eder ▁after ▁those ▁of ▁Franz ▁Sch ub ert ▁and ▁Robert ▁Sch um ann , ▁particularly ▁in ▁the ▁period ▁around |
▁his ▁relationship ▁with ▁V ally ▁Fran ck ; ▁in ▁fact , ▁they ▁were ▁good ▁enough ▁im itations ▁to ▁pass ▁off ▁as ▁the ▁real ▁thing , ▁which ▁he ▁once ▁attempted , ▁though ▁his ▁cover ▁was ▁blown ▁too ▁soon . ▁It ▁is ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁his ▁choice ▁of ▁li eder ▁texts ▁in ▁the ▁earlier ▁years , ▁largely ▁dealing ▁with ▁sin ▁and ▁an gu ish , ▁were ▁partly ▁influenced ▁by ▁his ▁contr action ▁of ▁sy ph ilis . ▁His ▁love ▁for ▁V ally , ▁not ▁fully ▁requ ited , ▁inspired ▁highly ▁chrom atic ▁and ▁philosoph ical ▁li eder ▁that ▁could ▁be ▁regarded ▁as ▁success ors ▁to ▁W agner ' s ▁Wes end on ck ▁L ieder ▁cycle . ▁Others ▁were ▁as ▁distant ▁from ▁those ▁in ▁mood ▁as ▁possible ; ▁light heart ed ▁and ▁hum orous . ▁The ▁rarely ▁heard ▁sym ph onic ▁poem ▁Pent hes ile a ▁is ▁temp est uous ▁and ▁highly ▁colored ▁as ▁well . ▁Although ▁Wolf ▁adm ired ▁Lis zt , ▁who ▁had ▁encouraged ▁him ▁to ▁complete ▁the ▁work , ▁he ▁felt ▁Lis zt ' s ▁own ▁music ▁too ▁dry ▁and ▁academic ▁and ▁stro ve ▁for ▁color ▁and ▁passion . ▁▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁marked ▁a ▁turning ▁point ▁in ▁his ▁style ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁his ▁career , ▁with ▁the ▁M ö rike , ▁E iche nd or ff ▁and ▁Go ethe ▁sets ▁drawing ▁him ▁away ▁from ▁Sch ub ert ' s ▁simpler , ▁more ▁di at onic ▁ly ric ism ▁and ▁into ▁" W öl fer l ' s ▁own ▁how l |
". ▁M ö rike ▁in ▁particular ▁drew ▁out ▁and ▁complement ed ▁Wolf ' s ▁musical ▁gifts , ▁the ▁variety ▁of ▁subjects ▁su iting ▁Wolf ' s ▁tail oring ▁of ▁music ▁to ▁text , ▁his ▁dark ▁sense ▁of ▁humor ▁matching ▁Wolf ' s ▁own , ▁his ▁insight ▁and ▁imag ery ▁demanding ▁a ▁wider ▁variety ▁of ▁compos itional ▁techniques ▁and ▁command ▁of ▁text ▁painting ▁to ▁port ray . ▁In ▁his ▁later ▁works ▁he ▁rel ied ▁less ▁on ▁the ▁text ▁to ▁give ▁him ▁his ▁musical ▁framework ▁and ▁more ▁on ▁his ▁pure ▁musical ▁ideas ▁themselves ; ▁the ▁later ▁Spanish ▁and ▁Italian ▁songs ▁reflect ▁this ▁move ▁toward ▁" absolute ▁music ". ▁ ▁Wolf ▁wrote ▁hundreds ▁of ▁li eder , ▁three ▁oper as , ▁incident al ▁music , ▁ch oral ▁music , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁some ▁rarely ▁heard ▁or chestr al , ▁chamber ▁and ▁piano ▁music . ▁His ▁most ▁famous ▁instrumental ▁piece ▁is ▁the ▁Italian ▁Ser en ade ▁( 1 8 8 7 ), ▁originally ▁for ▁string ▁quart et ▁and ▁later ▁transc ribed ▁for ▁or chestra , ▁which ▁marked ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁his ▁mature ▁style . ▁ ▁Wolf ▁was ▁famous ▁for ▁his ▁use ▁of ▁ton ality ▁to ▁reinforce ▁meaning . ▁Con cent rating ▁on ▁two ▁ton al ▁areas ▁to ▁mus ically ▁dep ict ▁ambig uity ▁and ▁conflict ▁in ▁the ▁text ▁became ▁a ▁hall mark ▁of ▁his ▁style , ▁res olving ▁only ▁when ▁appropriate ▁to ▁the ▁meaning ▁of ▁the ▁song . ▁His ▁chosen ▁texts ▁were ▁often ▁full ▁of ▁an gu ish ▁and ▁in ability ▁to ▁find ▁resolution , ▁and ▁thus |
▁so ▁too ▁was ▁the ▁ton ality ▁wand ering , ▁unable ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁home ▁key . ▁Use ▁of ▁de cept ive ▁cad ences , ▁chrom atic ism , ▁dis son ance , ▁and ▁chrom atic ▁medi ants ▁obsc ure ▁the ▁harm onic ▁destination ▁for ▁as ▁long ▁as ▁the ▁psychological ▁tension ▁is ▁sustained . ▁His ▁formal ▁structure ▁as ▁well ▁reflected ▁the ▁texts ▁being ▁set , ▁and ▁he ▁wrote ▁almost ▁none ▁of ▁the ▁straightforward ▁stro ph ic ▁songs ▁fav oured ▁by ▁his ▁contempor aries , ▁instead ▁building ▁the ▁form ▁around ▁the ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁work . ▁ ▁Not able ▁works ▁ ▁Opera ▁ ▁Der ▁Cor reg id or ▁( 1 8 9 5 ) ▁ ▁Manuel ▁Ven eg as ▁( unfinished , ▁ 1 8 9 7 ) ▁ ▁L ieder ▁L ieder stra uß ▁( 1 8 7 8 ), ▁to ▁seven ▁texts ▁by ▁He ine ▁M ö rike - L ieder ▁( 1 8 8 8 ), ▁to ▁texts ▁by ▁Edu ard ▁M ö rike ▁E iche nd or ff - L ieder ▁( 1 8 8 9 ), ▁to ▁texts ▁by ▁Joseph ▁Fre i her r ▁von ▁E iche nd or ff ▁Go ethe - L ieder ▁( 1 8 9 0 ), ▁to ▁texts ▁by ▁Johann ▁Wol fg ang ▁von ▁Go ethe ▁Dem ▁V ater land ▁( 1 8 9 0 ), ▁to ▁a ▁text ▁by ▁Robert ▁Rein ick ▁Span isches ▁L ieder buch , ▁to ▁texts ▁by ▁Paul ▁Hey se ▁and ▁E manuel ▁Ge ib el ▁( 1 8 |
9 1 ) ▁Ital ien isches ▁L ieder buch , ▁to ▁texts ▁by ▁Paul ▁Hey se ▁( 1 8 9 2 , ▁ 1 8 9 6 ) ▁Michel angel o ▁L ieder ▁( 1 8 9 7 ), ▁to ▁texts ▁by ▁Michel angel o ▁ ▁In strument al ▁String ▁Qu art et ▁in ▁D ▁minor ▁( 1 8 7 8 – 8 4 ) ▁Pent hes ile a ▁( sym ph onic ▁poem , ▁ 1 8 8 3 – 8 5 ) ▁Italian ▁Ser en ade ▁( 1 8 8 7 , ▁string ▁quart et ; ▁or chestr ated ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 2 ) ▁ ▁Rec ording ▁projects ▁Individual ▁songs ▁have ▁been ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁recorded ▁re per toire ▁of ▁many ▁sing ers . ▁Sign ific ant ▁early ▁Wolf ▁recording ▁artists ▁included ▁El is abeth ▁Sch um ann , ▁Heinrich ▁Re h k emper , ▁Heinrich ▁Schl us n us , ▁Josef ▁von ▁Man ow ard a , ▁L otte ▁Le h mann , ▁Karl ▁Er b ▁and ▁others . ▁Early ▁post - War ▁collections ▁were ▁recorded ▁by ▁Suz anne ▁D anco , ▁Anton ▁D erm ota ▁and ▁G ér ard ▁Sou z ay ▁( all ▁before ▁ 1 9 5 3 ), ▁Diet rich ▁F ischer - D ies k au ▁( 1 9 5 4 ), ▁Hans ▁Hot ter ▁( 1 9 5 4 ), ▁Er na ▁Ber ger ▁( 1 9 5 6 ), ▁Heinrich ▁Re hf uss ▁( 1 9 5 5 ) ▁and ▁El |
is abeth ▁Sch um ann ▁( 1 9 5 8 ), ▁and ▁important ▁individual ▁songs ▁by ▁El is abeth ▁Sch war zk opf , ▁Nic ola ▁Ross i - L emen i , ▁and ▁El is abeth ▁Hö ng en . ▁Ger ald ▁Moore ▁was ▁a ▁distinguished ▁accompan ist ▁in ▁Wolf ▁song ▁record ings . ▁F ischer - D ies k au ▁recorded ▁a ▁large ▁collection ▁of ▁M ö rike ▁songs ▁with ▁Moore ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 9 . ▁Some ▁major ▁projects ▁have ▁attempted ▁more ▁comprehensive ▁coverage . ▁ ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁Society ▁edition ▁In ▁September ▁ 1 9 3 1 ▁the ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁Society ▁was ▁formed ▁under ▁the ▁a eg is ▁of ▁English ▁His ▁Master ' s ▁Voice ▁records ▁super vised ▁by ▁Walter ▁Leg ge ▁for ▁the ▁recording ▁of ▁a ▁substantial ▁proportion ▁of ▁the ▁song ▁re per toire . ▁These ▁were ▁to ▁be ▁issued ▁to ▁sub scrib ers ▁in ▁limited ▁ed itions . ▁The ▁artists ▁participating ▁were ▁restricted ▁to ▁those ▁under ▁contract ▁to ▁this ▁company . ▁Each ▁volume ▁consisted ▁of ▁six ▁H M V ▁red - label ▁disc s ▁( un ob tain able ▁separately ) ▁and ▁ret ailed ▁new ▁at ▁$ 1 5 . 0 0 ▁Am . ▁The ▁Wolf ▁Society ▁record ings ▁were ▁re - re leased ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁▁ ▁Volume ▁I , ▁entirely ▁performed ▁by ▁El ena ▁Ger hard t ▁accompanied ▁by ▁Co en ra ad ▁V . ▁Bos , ▁presented ▁a ▁selection ▁mainly ▁from ▁the ▁Spanish ▁and ▁Italian ▁song books ▁and ▁the |
▁M ö rike ▁songs . ▁For ▁many ▁years ▁this ▁scar ce ▁set ▁was ▁regarded ▁as ▁a ▁col lector ' s ▁prize , ▁and ▁forms ▁a ▁distinct ▁cor pus ▁within ▁her ▁recorded ▁art . ▁Later ▁volumes ▁always ▁included ▁more ▁than ▁one ▁singer . ▁▁ ▁Volume ▁II : ▁ 1 6 ▁of ▁the ▁ 5 1 ▁Go ethe ▁songs , ▁all ▁( ap art ▁from ▁McC orm ack ' s ▁G an ym ed ) ▁accompanied ▁by ▁Co en ra ad ▁V . ▁Bos , ▁but ▁with ▁Friedrich ▁Sch orr ' s ▁Prom ethe us ▁with ▁the ▁or chestr al ▁accompan iment . ▁▁ ▁Volume ▁III : ▁A ▁selection ▁of ▁ 1 7 ▁items , ▁including ▁three ▁Michel angel o ▁songs , ▁three ▁M ö rike ▁songs , ▁four ▁from ▁the ▁Span isches ▁L ieder buch ▁and ▁six ▁from ▁the ▁Ital ien isches ▁L ieder buch . ▁All ▁accompanied ▁by ▁Co en ra ad ▁V . ▁Bos . ▁▁ ▁Volume ▁IV : ▁ 3 0 ▁items ▁from ▁Ital ien isches ▁L ieder buch . ▁Acc om pan iments ▁by ▁Co en ra ad ▁V . ▁Bos , ▁Michael ▁R au che isen ▁and ▁Hann s ▁U do ▁M üll er . ▁▁ ▁Volume ▁V : ▁A ▁selection ▁of ▁ 2 0 ▁songs ▁( main ly ▁M ö rike ▁and ▁Span isches ▁L ieder buch ). ▁▁ ▁Volume ▁VI : ▁Settings ▁of ▁M ö rike , ▁Robert ▁Rein ick , ▁Go ethe , ▁Hey se ▁and ▁Ge ib el , ▁Just ▁and ▁Ker ner . ▁▁ |
▁Art ists ▁included ▁Alexander ▁K ip nis ▁( III , ▁IV , ▁V ); ▁Herbert ▁J ans sen ▁( II , ▁V , ▁VI ); ▁Ger hard ▁H ü sch ▁( II , ▁III , ▁IV , ▁V ); ▁John ▁McC orm ack ▁( ac comp an ied ▁by ▁Ed win ▁Sch ne ider ) ▁( II ); ▁Alexand re ▁Tri anti ▁( II , ▁III ); ▁R ia ▁G in ster ▁( IV , ▁V ); ▁Friedrich ▁Sch orr ▁( II ); ▁El is abeth ▁R eth berg ▁( IV , ▁V ); ▁T iana ▁Lem n itz ▁( VI ); ▁Hel ge ▁Ros wa enge ▁( VI ); ▁Mart a ▁F uch s ▁( VI ) ▁and ▁Karl ▁Er b ▁( VI ). ▁Each ▁volume ▁was ▁accompanied ▁by ▁a ▁book let ▁containing ▁a ▁short ▁essay ▁by ▁Ernest ▁New man ▁( I : ▁W ords ▁and ▁Music ▁in ▁Hugo ▁Wolf , ▁II : ▁Wolf ' s ▁Go ethe ▁Songs , ▁III : ▁A ▁Note ▁of ▁Wolf ▁as ▁Craft s man , ▁IV : ▁The ▁Ital ien isches ▁L ieder buch ) ▁together ▁with ▁German ▁texts , ▁English ▁transl ations ▁( by ▁Win if red ▁Rad ford ) ▁and ▁notes ▁on ▁each ▁song ▁( by ▁New man ). ▁ ▁D GG ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁L ieder ▁Edition ▁A ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁L ieder ▁Edition ▁was ▁recorded ▁by ▁Diet rich ▁F ischer - D ies k au ▁and ▁Daniel ▁B aren bo im ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁for ▁D GG , ▁each |
▁volume ▁containing ▁three ▁records . ▁Volume ▁I ▁( 1 9 7 4 ): ▁M ö rike ▁L ieder ▁( Par is ▁Grand ▁Prix ▁du ▁Dis que ). ▁Volume ▁II ▁( 1 9 7 6 ): ▁L ieder ▁on ▁poems ▁by ▁Go ethe , ▁He ine ▁and ▁Len au . ▁Volume ▁III ▁( 1 9 7 7 ): ▁L ieder ▁on ▁poems ▁by ▁E iche nd or ff , ▁Michel angel o , ▁Robert ▁Rein ick , ▁Shakespeare , ▁By ron , ▁Hoff mann ▁von ▁Fall ers le ben , ▁Joseph ▁Vik tor ▁von ▁Sche ff el , ▁etc . ▁The ▁accompanying ▁volumes ▁include ▁essays ▁by ▁Hans ▁J anc ik , ▁texts ▁of ▁the ▁poems , ▁and ▁transl ations ▁by ▁Lion el ▁Sal ter ▁( English ) ▁and ▁Jacques ▁Four nier ▁and ▁others ▁( F rench ). ▁ ▁Oxford ▁L ieder ▁Festival ▁edition ▁The ▁first ▁project ▁to ▁record ▁every ▁song ▁by ▁Wolf ▁was ▁comm enced ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁ 1 5 0 th ▁anniversary ▁of ▁the ▁composer ' s ▁birth , ▁by ▁Stone ▁Records ▁and ▁the ▁Oxford ▁L ieder ▁Festival . ▁This ▁series ▁of ▁live ▁record ings , ▁featuring ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁sing ers ▁and ▁Oxford ▁L ieder ▁Festival ' s ▁artistic ▁director ▁Sh ol to ▁K yn och ▁at ▁the ▁piano , ▁is ▁expected ▁to ▁run ▁to ▁ 1 1 ▁or ▁ 1 2 ▁disc s : ▁ ▁to ▁date , ▁ 9 ▁disc s ▁have ▁been ▁issued . ▁ ▁Aust rian ▁Radio ▁Ann iversary ▁edition ▁In |
▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Aust rian ▁Radio ▁and ▁the ▁Dep art ure ▁Centre ▁for ▁Creative ▁Design ▁in ▁Vienna ▁marked ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ’ s ▁anniversary ▁with ▁a ▁rec ital ▁series ▁in ▁which ▁ 1 8 8 ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁were ▁performed ▁against ▁visual s ▁created ▁by ▁leading ▁designers . ▁The ▁series ▁was ▁intended ▁to ▁bring ▁L ieder ▁to ▁a ▁new ▁audience ▁and ▁was ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁initiative ▁of ▁bar it one ▁Wol fg ang ▁Hol z ma ir , ▁who ▁was ▁joined ▁by ▁a ▁team ▁of ▁Aust rian ▁sing ers ▁and ▁pian ists . ▁The ▁conc erts ▁were ▁released ▁on ▁DVD s ▁the ▁following ▁year , ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Bridge ▁Records ▁released ▁the ▁Spanish ▁and ▁Italian ▁song books ▁on ▁CD s . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Andre as ▁D ors chel , ▁Hugo ▁Wolf . ▁In ▁Sel bst zeug n issen ▁und ▁Bild d ok ument en , ▁ 2 nd ▁ed . ▁( Row oh lt , ▁Rein bek , ▁ 1 9 9 2 ) ▁( row ohl ts ▁bild mon ograph ien ▁ 3 4 4 ). ▁In ▁German . ▁ ▁New man , ▁Ernest , ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁( M eth uen , ▁London , ▁ 1 9 0 7 ). ▁ ▁Sam s , ▁Eric ▁and ▁Susan ▁You ens , ▁' H ug o ▁Wolf ', ▁Gro ve ▁Music ▁Online ▁ed . ▁L . ▁M acy , ▁( subscription ▁access ) ▁ ▁Thompson , ▁Douglas ▁S . ▁" Mus ical ▁Str ucture ▁and |
▁Ev ocation ▁of ▁Time ▁in ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ' s ▁' E in ▁St undle in ▁w ohl ▁vor ▁Tag '" ▁The ▁National ▁Association ▁of ▁Te achers ▁of ▁Sing ing ▁Journal ▁ 6 5 , ▁No . ▁ 0 1 , ▁September / Oct ober ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) ▁ ▁Walker , ▁Frank , ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁- ▁A ▁Biography ▁( J ▁M ▁D ent ▁& ▁S ons , ▁London ▁ 1 9 5 1 ). ▁Incl udes ▁extensive ▁Bibli ography ▁( main ly ▁bi ographical ), ▁pp . 4 4 8 – 4 6 1 , ▁and ▁list ▁of ▁compos itions , ▁pp . 4 6 2 – 4 9 2 . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁The ▁L ieder Net ▁Arch ive ▁▁▁▁ ▁Free ▁digital ▁scores ▁by ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁in ▁the ▁Open Score ▁L ieder ▁Cor pus ▁ ▁Sl oven j _ Grad ec ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ' s ▁Birth place ▁ ▁Hugo ▁Wolf ▁Qu art ett ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 6 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 0 3 ▁deaths ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁classical ▁compos ers ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁classical ▁compos ers ▁Category : A ust rian ▁classical ▁compos ers ▁Category : A ust rian ▁classical ▁musicians ▁Category : A ust rian ▁male ▁classical ▁compos ers ▁Category : A ust rian ▁opera ▁compos ers ▁Category : A ust rian ▁people ▁of ▁Sl oven ian ▁descent ▁Category : A ust rian ▁Rom antic ▁compos ers ▁Category : B ur ials |
▁at ▁the ▁Vienna ▁Central ▁C emetery ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁sy ph ilis ▁Category : M ale ▁opera ▁compos ers ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Sl oven j ▁Grad ec ▁Category : People ▁from ▁the ▁D uch y ▁of ▁St y ria ▁Category : String ▁quart et ▁compos ers ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁male ▁musicians <0x0A> </s> ▁Lake ▁Let as ▁is ▁the ▁largest ▁lake ▁in ▁Van u atu , ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁vol can ic ▁island ▁of ▁G au a ▁of ▁the ▁B anks ▁Islands ▁in ▁northern ▁Van u atu . ▁The ▁place ▁submitted ▁an ▁application ▁to ▁be ▁considered ▁an ▁UN ES CO ▁World ▁Heritage ▁Site ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁ ▁The ▁vol can ic ▁Cr ater ▁lake ▁is ▁U - shaped , ▁surrounding ▁Mount ▁G har at ▁on ▁all ▁sides ▁except ▁south west . ▁It ▁is ▁about ▁ 9 km ▁long ▁( n orth ▁to ▁south ) ▁and ▁about ▁ 6 km ▁wide , ▁with ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁ 1 9 km ². ▁It ▁is ▁situated ▁in ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 km ▁diameter ▁island ; ▁the ▁lake ▁rest s ▁ 4 1 8 ▁meters ▁above ▁sea ▁level ▁and ▁it ▁is ▁ 1 1 9 ▁meters ▁deep . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁fresh ▁water ▁lake ▁with ▁a ▁temperature ▁of ▁ 3 2 ° ▁C els ius , ▁where ▁only ▁e els ▁and ▁sh rim ps ▁can ▁survive . ▁The ▁water ▁in ▁the ▁lake ▁is ▁not ▁very ▁clear |
, ▁but ▁has ▁a ▁green ish ▁color . ▁ ▁Water ▁constantly ▁flows ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁at ▁a ▁natural ▁overflow ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁eastern ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁lake . ▁ ▁The ▁water ▁flows ▁about ▁ 3 km ▁east ▁to ▁Sir i ▁Water fall ▁and ▁then ▁another ▁ 3 km ▁through ▁rivers ▁Nam ang ▁or ▁Be ▁Sol om ul ▁before ▁it ▁reaches ▁the ▁sea . ▁ ▁Local ▁people ▁say ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁can oe ▁at ▁the ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁which ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁cross ▁the ▁lake ▁from ▁the ▁eastern ▁side ▁to ▁get ▁to ▁Mount ▁G har at . ▁ ▁The ▁can oe ▁is ▁sometimes ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁eastern ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁( ne ar ▁the ▁water ▁overflow ), ▁or ▁sometimes ▁on ▁the ▁north - e astern ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁( ne arest ▁G au a ▁Airport ). ▁ ▁A ▁rough ▁estimate ▁of ▁the ▁water ▁flow ▁rate ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁( d uring ▁the ▁dry ▁season ▁month ▁of ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 6 ) ▁was ▁approximately ▁ 3 ▁cub ic ▁meters ▁per ▁second . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁it ▁was ▁suggested ▁that ▁the ▁lake ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁resource ▁for ▁power ▁generation ▁to ▁supply ▁industrial ▁developments ▁but ▁later ▁the ▁Tour ism ▁Council ▁of ▁the ▁South ▁Pacific ▁has ▁suggested ▁that ▁the ▁lake ▁should ▁be ▁included ▁in ▁Van u atu ' s ▁protected ▁area ▁system . ▁The ▁Department ▁of ▁Physical ▁Planning ▁and ▁Environment ▁is ▁currently ▁considering ▁the ▁status ▁of ▁protected ▁area ▁to ▁the ▁lake |
. ▁ ▁Notes ▁and ▁references ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁UN ES CO ▁World ▁Heritage ▁Site ▁Application ▁ ▁The ▁Vol c ano es ▁Serial ▁Site ▁World ▁Heritage ▁Project . ▁ ▁Category : Vol can ic ▁cr ater ▁l akes ▁Category : L akes ▁of ▁Van u atu <0x0A> </s> ▁Pam ela ▁K . ▁Brown ▁( Se ptember ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁– ▁June ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Neb r ask an ▁business woman ▁and ▁legisl ator . ▁She ▁served ▁as ▁state ▁sen ator ▁from ▁O ma ha . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁Born ▁in ▁San ▁Antonio , ▁Texas , ▁she ▁graduated ▁from ▁Bro ken ▁Bow ▁High ▁School ▁and ▁University ▁of ▁Neb r aska - Lin coln . ▁She ▁was ▁married ▁and ▁had ▁one ▁child . ▁▁ ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Conference ▁of ▁State ▁Legisl atures ▁Task ▁Force ▁on ▁Gen etic ▁Techn ologies ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁board ▁director ▁for ▁the ▁United ▁Way ▁of ▁the ▁Mid lands , ▁the ▁Safety ▁and ▁Health ▁Council ▁of ▁Gre ater ▁O ma ha , ▁and ▁the ▁West side ▁Schools ▁Foundation . ▁ ▁State ▁legisl ature ▁Brown ▁was ▁elected ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁to ▁represent ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Neb r aska ▁legisl ative ▁district ▁and ▁re e lected ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁She ▁sat ▁on ▁the ▁Government , ▁Military , ▁and ▁Veter ans ▁Affairs ; ▁Transport ation ▁and ▁Tele commun ications ; ▁and |
▁Inter govern ment al ▁Co operation ▁commit te es . ▁ ▁Death ▁Brown ▁died ▁from ▁o var ian ▁cancer , ▁aged ▁ 5 8 , ▁on ▁June ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 1 ▁deaths ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁cancer ▁in ▁Neb r aska ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁o var ian ▁cancer ▁Category : Place ▁of ▁death ▁missing ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Neb r aska – Lin coln ▁al umn i ▁Category : N eb r aska ▁state ▁sen ators ▁Category : N eb r aska ▁Democrats ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Bro ken ▁Bow , ▁Neb r aska ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁O ma ha , ▁Neb r aska ▁Category : W omen ▁state ▁legisl ators ▁in ▁Neb r aska ▁Category : Bus iness people ▁from ▁O ma ha , ▁Neb r aska <0x0A> </s> ▁R ex ▁William ▁Cow d ry ▁( born ▁February ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁in ▁Des ▁Mo ines , ▁Iowa ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁psychiat rist . ▁ ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁Yale ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Sk ull ▁and ▁B ones , ▁and ▁earned ▁an ▁MD ▁and ▁Master ▁of ▁Public ▁Health ▁from ▁Harvard ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁Act ing ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Institute ▁of ▁M ental ▁Health ▁from |
▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Executive ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Maryland ▁Health ▁Care ▁Commission ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : Y ale ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Har vard ▁Medical ▁School ▁al umn i ▁Category : American ▁psy chi atr ists ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Har vard ▁School ▁of ▁Public ▁Health ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁An il obe ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁and ▁commune ▁in ▁Mad ag asc ar . ▁It ▁belongs ▁to ▁the ▁district ▁of ▁V ang ain dr ano , ▁which ▁is ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁A ts imo - A ts in an ana ▁Region . ▁The ▁population ▁of ▁the ▁commune ▁was ▁estimated ▁to ▁be ▁approximately ▁ 2 , 0 0 0 ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁commune ▁census . ▁ ▁Only ▁primary ▁school ing ▁is ▁available . ▁The ▁majority ▁ 9 6 % ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁of ▁the ▁commune ▁are ▁farmers . ▁ ▁The ▁most ▁important ▁crop ▁is ▁coffee , ▁while ▁other ▁important ▁products ▁are ▁sugar c ane , ▁pepper ▁and ▁rice . ▁Services ▁provide ▁employment ▁for ▁ 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁population . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁and ▁notes ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁A ts imo - A ts in an ana <0x0A> </s> ▁Bald ock ▁is ▁a ▁surn ame . ▁Not able ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁surn ame ▁include : ▁▁ ▁Alex |
▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 0 ), ▁British ▁business man ▁ ▁Bob ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 7 ), ▁American ▁artist ▁ ▁Bobby ▁Ray ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 6 ), ▁United ▁States ▁federal ▁judge ▁Cor a ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Australian - D utch ▁soci ologist ▁ ▁Dar rel ▁Bald ock ▁( 1 9 3 8 – 2 0 1 1 ), ▁Australian ▁football er ▁ ▁Edward ▁Holmes ▁Bald ock ▁( 1 8 1 2 – 1 8 7 5 ), ▁MP ▁for ▁Sh rew sb ury ▁ 1 8 4 7 – 1 8 5 7 ▁ ▁George ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 9 3 ), ▁English ▁football er ▁ ▁Jer em iah ▁Wallace ▁Bald ock ▁( 1 8 4 2 – 1 9 1 9 ), ▁American ▁politician ▁ ▁John ▁Bald ock ▁( 1 9 1 5 – 2 0 0 3 ), ▁British ▁politician ▁▁ ▁K atherine ▁C . ▁R . ▁Bald ock , ▁British ▁ent om ologist ▁ ▁Larry ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 5 4 ), ▁New ▁Zealand ▁politician ▁ ▁Ralph ▁Bald ock ▁( d ied ▁ 1 3 1 3 ), ▁Bishop ▁of ▁London ▁from ▁ 1 3 0 4 ▁ ▁Robert ▁Bald ock , ▁Lord ▁Priv y ▁Se al ▁and ▁Lord ▁Ch ancell or ▁of ▁England ▁ 1 3 2 0 – 1 3 2 6 ▁ ▁Robert ▁Bald ock ▁( jud ge ) ▁( 1 |
6 2 4 / 5 – 1 6 9 1 ), ▁English ▁judge ▁ ▁Robert ▁N . ▁Bald ock , ▁ph yc ologist ▁ ▁Sam ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 9 ), ▁English ▁football ▁player ▁ ▁Sarah ▁Bald ock ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 5 ), ▁English ▁organ ist ▁and ▁ch oral ▁condu ctor ▁ ▁Ted dy ▁Bald ock ▁( 1 9 0 7 – 1 9 7 1 ), ▁English ▁box er ▁ ▁William ▁Bald ock ▁( 1 9 0 0 – 1 9 4 1 ), ▁English ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁William ▁Bald ock ▁( H amps hire ▁cr ick eter ) ▁( 1 8 4 7 – 1 9 2 3 ), ▁English ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Bald ock ' s ▁Mill , ▁heritage ▁site ▁in ▁Bour ne , ▁Lincoln shire ▁ ▁Bald oc ▁( dis ambigu ation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Chris ▁Land man ▁( born ▁January ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 1 9 8 1 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Dutch ▁d arts ▁player , ▁currently ▁playing ▁in ▁British ▁D arts ▁Organ isation ▁events . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Land man ▁won ▁the ▁Catal on ian ▁Open , ▁reached ▁the ▁quarter - final ▁of ▁the ▁W DF ▁World ▁Cup ▁Singles , ▁and ▁reached ▁the ▁Last ▁ 1 6 ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁Masters . ▁He ▁qualified ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁B DO ▁World ▁D arts ▁Championship ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁Regional ▁Table ▁Qual ifiers , ▁losing |
▁to ▁Der k ▁Tel ne kes ▁ 0 - 3 ▁in ▁the ▁Pre liminary ▁Round . ▁ ▁World ▁Championship ▁results ▁ ▁B DO ▁▁▁ 2 0 1 8 : ▁Pre liminary ▁round ▁( l ost ▁to ▁Der k ▁Tel ne kes ▁ 0 – 3 ) ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 : ▁First ▁round ▁( l ost ▁to ▁Kyle ▁McK inst ry ▁ 2 – 3 ) ▁▁ 2 0 2 0 : ▁Quarter - fin als ▁( l ost ▁to ▁Wayne ▁Warren ▁ 3 – 5 ) ▁ ▁Performance ▁tim eline ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Chris ▁Land man ' s ▁profile ▁and ▁stats ▁on ▁D arts ▁Database ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : D utch ▁d arts ▁players ▁Category : B rit ish ▁D arts ▁Organ isation ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁C ock ▁or ▁c ocks ▁often ▁refers ▁to : ▁ ▁Ro oster ▁or ▁cock , ▁a ▁male ▁of ▁any ▁bird ▁species ▁ ▁C ock , ▁a ▁vul gar ▁nick name ▁for ▁the ▁penis ▁ ▁C ock ▁or ▁c ocks ▁may ▁also ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Human ▁names ▁ ▁C ock ▁( s urn ame ) ▁ ▁C ocks ▁( s urn ame ) ▁ ▁Pl aces ▁ ▁The ▁C ock , ▁B room , ▁a ▁Grade ▁II ▁listed ▁public ▁house ▁in ▁B room , ▁Bed ford shire ▁ ▁The ▁C ock , ▁F ul ham , ▁a ▁historic ▁public ▁house ▁in ▁London ▁ ▁The ▁C ock , ▁St |
▁Alb ans , ▁a ▁public ▁house ▁in ▁St ▁Alb ans , ▁H ert ford shire , ▁England ▁ ▁C ock ▁Beck , ▁a ▁stream ▁in ▁York shire , ▁England ▁ ▁C ock ▁Bridge ▁( A ber de ens hire ), ▁settlement ▁in ▁Aber de ens hire , ▁Scotland ▁ ▁C ock ▁Bridge ▁( L j ubl j ana ), ▁foot bridge ▁in ▁L j ubl j ana , ▁Sl oven ia ▁ ▁C ock ▁Lane , ▁a ▁street ▁in ▁London ▁ ▁C ock ▁Mar sh , ▁Ber k shire , ▁England ▁ ▁C ock ▁T aver n ▁Theatre , ▁a ▁pub ▁theatre ▁located ▁in ▁Kil burn ▁in ▁the ▁north - west ▁of ▁London ▁ ▁C ocks ▁Gl ac ier , ▁Ross ▁Dep end ency , ▁Ant ar ct ica ▁ ▁C ocks , ▁Corn wall , ▁England , ▁a ▁ham let ▁ ▁Mount ▁C ocks , ▁Victoria ▁Land , ▁Ant ar ct ica ▁ ▁V eh icles ▁ ▁Anton ov ▁An - 2 2 ▁or ▁C ock , ▁a ▁heavy ▁military ▁transport ▁aircraft ▁ ▁Cold itz ▁C ock , ▁a ▁gl ider ▁built ▁by ▁British ▁Second ▁World ▁War ▁prisoners ▁of ▁war ▁in ▁Cold itz ▁Castle ▁for ▁an ▁escape ▁attempt ▁ ▁Other ▁uses ▁ ▁C ock ▁( play ), ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁play ▁by ▁Mike ▁Bart lett ▁ ▁. co . ck , ▁a ▁second - level ▁domain ▁of ▁the ▁Cook ▁Islands ▁ ▁C ock ▁ale , ▁an ▁ale ▁popular ▁in ▁ 1 7 th ▁and ▁ 1 8 th - |
century ▁England ▁ ▁C ocks ▁bar on ets , ▁two ▁bar on et cies , ▁one ▁ext inct ▁and ▁one ▁ext ant ▁ ▁R ii him ä ki ▁C ocks , ▁a ▁hand ball ▁team ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁C aul king , ▁or ▁c aul k ▁ ▁C ock ▁and ▁Bull ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁C ock ▁ring ▁ ▁C ock pit ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁C ock tail ▁ ▁Co q , ▁an ▁application ▁used ▁in ▁computer ▁science ▁ ▁Co que ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁C ox ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁Game cock ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁Ko C ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁Ko ç , ▁a ▁surn ame <0x0A> </s> ▁Future ▁Film ▁Ltd ▁( Future ▁Film ▁O y ) ▁is ▁a ▁Finn ish - based ▁home - video ▁distribution ▁company ▁head qu arter ed ▁in ▁Va asa . ▁From ▁early ▁to ▁late ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁they ▁were ▁best ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁distribut ors ▁of ▁children ' s ▁animation . ▁Future ▁Film ' s ▁releases ▁were ▁dub bed ▁occasionally ▁by ▁Golden ▁Voice ▁O Y ▁( such ▁as ▁the ▁wild ly ▁popular ▁G ing a : ▁Nag are b oshi ▁G in ) ▁but ▁most ▁frequently ▁they ▁utilized ▁the ▁services ▁of ▁the ▁inf amous ▁Ag ap io ▁Racing ▁Team . ▁ ▁In ▁recent ▁years ▁they ▁have ▁become ▁pro l ific ▁distribut ors ▁of ▁anime . ▁Their ▁releases ▁include ▁titles ▁such ▁as ▁Love ▁H ina ▁and ▁School ▁R |
umble , ▁F ru its ▁Basket , ▁B ers erk , ▁G ing a ▁D ens ets u ▁We ed ▁and ▁so ▁on . ▁This ▁move ▁was ▁possibly ▁motivated ▁by ▁the ▁popularity ▁of ▁the ▁un cut ▁DVD ▁version ▁of ▁Nag are b oshi ▁G in . ▁Also ▁possibly ▁due ▁to ▁this ▁move , ▁their ▁current ▁anime ▁releases ▁feature ▁sub tit les ▁rather ▁than ▁dub bing , ▁which ▁is ▁actually ▁the ▁preferred ▁standard ▁for ▁most ▁television ▁programs ▁and ▁the atr ical ▁films ▁in ▁Finland . ▁ ▁Additionally ▁Future ▁Film ▁has ▁been ▁doing ▁motion - picture ▁home ▁video ▁releases ▁since ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 9 0 s . ▁ ▁Film ography ▁▁▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁: ▁A ▁Perfect ▁Man ▁of ▁ ▁Corpor ate ▁affairs ▁The ▁corporate ▁headquarters ▁and ▁warehouse ▁of ▁Future ▁Film ▁are ▁located ▁in ▁Va asa . ▁The ▁firm ▁has ▁an ▁office ▁in ▁H els ink i ▁and ▁a ▁premi ere ▁movies ▁warehouse ▁in ▁V ant aa . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Future ▁Film ▁website ▁▁ ▁English ▁pages : ▁Company ▁information ▁Contact ▁information ▁TV ▁Rights ▁Press ▁ ▁Category : C in ema ▁of ▁Finland ▁Category : Enter tainment ▁companies ▁of ▁Finland ▁Category : Com pan ies ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁Category : 1 9 9 5 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Finland ▁Category : Mass ▁media ▁in ▁Va asa <0x0A> </s> ▁D oh a ▁Port ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁port ▁in ▁Ku wait ▁located ▁at ▁the ▁western ▁extrem ity ▁of ▁the ▁Capital ▁Governor ate . ▁The ▁port ▁contains |
▁nine ▁p iers ▁which ▁run ▁for ▁a ▁length ▁of ▁. ▁Among ▁its ▁facilities ▁are ▁ 1 1 ▁ware h ouses , ▁a ▁cattle ▁pen ▁and ▁four ▁storage ▁she ds . ▁The ▁port ' s ▁waters ▁are ▁at ▁a ▁depth ▁of ▁. ▁To ▁the ▁immediate ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁port ▁are ▁resid ences ▁which ▁accommodate ▁ 5 7 3 ▁people ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁D oh a ▁( K u wait ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Port s ▁and ▁har b ours ▁of ▁Ku wait ▁Category : Sub ur bs ▁of ▁Ku wait ▁City <0x0A> </s> ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁Japanese ▁anime ▁film ▁by ▁Sun rise . ▁It ▁premier ed ▁in ▁Japan ▁on ▁February ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁and ▁ran ▁in ▁over ▁ 1 2 0 ▁the at res . ▁It ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Code ▁Ge ass ▁anime ▁series , ▁with ▁the ▁plot ▁taking ▁place ▁after ▁the ▁Zero ▁Requ iem ▁arc ▁of ▁the ▁rec ap ▁films ' ▁universe . ▁It ▁is ▁directed ▁by ▁Gor ō ▁Tan ig uch i , ▁written ▁by ▁Ich ir ō ▁ Ō k ouch i ▁with ▁music ▁by ▁K ō tar ō ▁Nak ag awa ▁and ▁Hit omi ▁K uro ishi , ▁all ▁of ▁whom ▁previously ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁TV ▁series ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁respective ▁roles . ▁The ▁film ▁has ▁been ▁licensed ▁by ▁Fun imation ▁and ▁it ▁had ▁a ▁limited ▁the atr ical ▁release ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Canada ▁on ▁May ▁ |
5 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁Plot ▁A ▁year ▁has ▁passed ▁since ▁the ▁events ▁of ▁the ▁Zero ▁Requ iem , ▁a ▁scheme ▁Emperor ▁L el ouch ▁vi ▁Brit ann ia ▁form ulated ▁to ▁end ▁conflict ▁with ▁his ▁death , ▁and ▁N unn ally ▁vi ▁Brit ann ia ▁rules ▁Brit ann ia ▁while ▁a ided ▁by ▁her ▁body guard ▁Suz aku ▁Kur ur ug i , ▁who ▁has ▁taken ▁the ▁identity ▁of ▁Zero . ▁N unn ally ▁and ▁Suz aku ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁a ▁good will ▁visit ▁to ▁a ▁desert ▁nation ▁when ▁they ▁are ▁amb ushed ▁by ▁a ▁Knight mare ▁squad ; ▁Suz aku ▁is ▁easily ▁defeated ▁and ▁they ▁are ▁ab du cted . ▁The ▁two ▁find ▁themselves ▁in ▁the ▁custody ▁of ▁Sh al io ▁and ▁Sh am na , ▁the ▁sib ling ▁rul ers ▁of ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Z il k hist an ▁which ▁has ▁suffered ▁from ▁the ▁world ▁peace ▁c rip pling ▁their ▁primary ▁export : ▁mer cen ary ▁soldiers . ▁Sh am na ▁explains ▁their ▁plan ▁to ▁use ▁N unn ally ▁to ▁access ▁the ▁collective ▁unconscious ness ▁within ▁C ' s ▁World ▁to ▁restore ▁Z il k hist an ' s ▁political ▁might . ▁ ▁Sus pect ing ▁Z il k hist an ' s ▁involvement , ▁K allen ▁Stad tf eld , ▁Say oko ▁Sh ino z aki , ▁and ▁Lloyd ▁As pl und ▁in fil tr ate ▁the ▁country ▁and ▁run ▁into ▁C . C . ▁and ▁a ▁surviving ▁but ▁tim id ▁and ▁non |
ver bal ▁L el ouch . ▁C . C . ▁explains ▁that , ▁after ▁the ▁Zero ▁Requ iem , ▁their ▁school ▁friend ▁Shir ley ▁Fen ette ▁sm ugg led ▁L el ouch ' s ▁cor pse ▁to ▁her ▁and ▁that ▁she ▁resur re cted ▁L el ouch ▁from ▁the ▁dead ▁by ▁recon struct ing ▁his ▁cor pse , ▁but ▁ ▁his ▁memories ▁and ▁personality ▁are ▁trapped ▁in ▁the ▁collective ▁unconscious ness . ▁The ▁group ▁la unches ▁an ▁assault ▁on ▁a ▁Z il k hist an ▁prison , ▁where ▁they ▁rescue ▁Suz aku ▁and ▁discover ▁an ▁Ar am u ▁Gate , ▁a ▁portal ▁to ▁C ' s ▁World . ▁C . C . ▁uses ▁the ▁portal ▁to ▁fully ▁resur rect ▁L el ouch . ▁L el ouch ▁once ▁again ▁don s ▁the ▁mant le ▁of ▁Zero ▁and ▁meets ▁up ▁with ▁Brit ann ian ▁forces ▁led ▁by ▁his ▁half - s ister ▁Corn elia ▁li ▁Brit ann ia ▁and ▁his ▁former ▁lieutenant ▁Kan ame ▁Oh gi . ▁ ▁L el ouch ' s ▁forces ▁track ▁N unn ally ▁down ▁and ▁find ▁her ▁in ▁a ▁Z il k hist an ▁temple . ▁L el ouch ▁in fil tr ates ▁the ▁temple ▁and ▁kills ▁Sh am na , ▁but ▁she ▁activ ates ▁her ▁Ge ass ▁and ▁travels ▁back ▁six ▁hours ▁in ▁the ▁past , ▁allowing ▁her ▁to ▁perfectly ▁predict ▁L el ouch ' s ▁actions . ▁L el ouch ▁uses ▁his ▁tact ical ▁prow ess ▁to ▁ded uce ▁the ▁mechanics ▁of ▁Sh am na ' s ▁Ge |
ass ▁and ▁kn ocks ▁her ▁out . ▁He ▁f rees ▁N unn ally , ▁but ▁learn s ▁that ▁her ▁mind ▁has ▁been ▁transport ed ▁into ▁C ' s ▁World . ▁C . C . ▁guides ▁him ▁into ▁the ▁collective ▁unconscious ness , ▁and ▁he ▁successfully ▁resc ues ▁N unn ally . ▁Suz aku ▁kills ▁Sh al io ▁in ▁combat , ▁destroying ▁Sh am na ▁permanently . ▁In ▁the ▁after math , ▁L el ouch ▁once ▁again ▁be que ath s ▁the ▁title ▁of ▁Zero ▁to ▁Suz aku ▁and ▁depart s ▁on ▁a ▁journey ▁with ▁C . C ., ▁taking ▁the ▁alias ▁L . L . ▁as ▁his ▁idea ▁of ▁a ▁marriage ▁proposal . ▁ ▁Voice ▁Cast ▁ ▁Re ception ▁The ▁film ▁debut ed ▁at ▁number ▁five ▁with ▁an ▁opening ▁weekend ▁gross ▁of ▁ ▁in ▁Japan . ▁It ▁was ▁number ▁six ▁in ▁its ▁second ▁weekend , ▁with ▁a ▁cum ulative ▁gross ▁of ▁ ▁up ▁until ▁then . ▁As ▁of ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁the ▁film ▁has ▁gross ed ▁more ▁than ▁ ▁() ▁in ▁Japan . ▁Collect ively , ▁the ▁Code ▁Ge ass ▁film ▁franchise ▁has ▁gross ed ▁ ▁() ▁at ▁the ▁Japanese ▁box ▁office . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁at ▁Fun imation ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 9 ▁anime ▁films ▁Category : Anim ated ▁films ▁about ▁time ▁travel ▁Category : F iction ▁about ▁cur ses ▁Category : Code ▁Ge ass ▁Category : C y borg s ▁in ▁anime ▁and ▁m anga ▁Category : Dis crim ination |
▁in ▁fiction ▁Category : Fil ms ▁about ▁prop he ts ▁Category : Fil ms ▁about ▁security ▁and ▁surveillance ▁Category : Fil ms ▁about ▁terror ism ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 1 1 0 s ▁Category : Fun imation ▁Category : G overn ment ▁in ▁fiction ▁Category : J apan ▁in ▁fiction ▁Category : J apan ese ▁alternate ▁history ▁films ▁Category : J apan ese ▁films ▁Category : Mil itary ▁in ▁anime ▁and ▁m anga ▁Category : Mon archy ▁in ▁fiction ▁Category : Fil ms ▁with ▁screen pl ays ▁by ▁Ich ir ō ▁ Ō k ouch i ▁Category : Sun rise ▁( company ) ▁Category : T error ism ▁in ▁fiction ▁Category : W ars ▁in ▁fiction <0x0A> </s> ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ▁( born ▁Lev i ▁Sch ub art ; ▁March ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 8 7 1 – ▁December ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 9 5 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁L ith uan ian - born ▁American ▁theatre ▁owner / operator ▁and ▁producer ▁and ▁the ▁el dest ▁of ▁seven ▁siblings ▁of ▁the ▁the atr ical ▁Sh ub ert ▁family . ▁ ▁Biography ▁Born ▁to ▁a ▁Jewish ▁family , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁D uv vid ▁Sch ub art ▁and ▁K atr ina ▁Hel w itz , ▁in ▁Vlad isl av ov , ▁in ▁the ▁Su w ał ki ▁Governor ate ▁of ▁Congress ▁Poland , ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Russian ▁Empire ▁( present - day ▁K ud irk os ▁Na um iest is , ▁L ith |
u ania ), ▁Sh ub ert ▁was ▁ 1 1 ▁years ▁old ▁when ▁the ▁family ▁em igr ated ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁settled ▁in ▁S yr ac use , ▁New ▁York , ▁where ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁Jewish ▁families ▁from ▁their ▁hom et own ▁already ▁were ▁living . ▁His ▁father ' s ▁alcohol ism ▁kept ▁the ▁family ▁in ▁difficult ▁financial ▁circumstances , ▁and ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ▁went ▁to ▁work ▁selling ▁newspapers ▁on ▁a ▁street ▁corner . ▁With ▁borrow ed ▁money , ▁he ▁and ▁younger ▁brothers ▁Sam ▁and ▁Jacob ▁eventually ▁emb ark ed ▁on ▁a ▁business ▁venture ▁that ▁led ▁to ▁them ▁to ▁become ▁the ▁successful ▁operators ▁of ▁several ▁the aters ▁in ▁up state ▁New ▁York . ▁ ▁The ▁Sh ub ert ▁brothers ▁decided ▁to ▁expand ▁to ▁the ▁huge ▁market ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City , ▁and ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁March ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁they ▁le ased ▁the ▁Her ald ▁Square ▁Theatre ▁at ▁the ▁corner ▁of ▁Broadway ▁and ▁ 3 5 th ▁Street ▁in ▁Manhattan . ▁Le aving ▁younger ▁brother ▁Jacob ▁at ▁home ▁to ▁manage ▁their ▁existing ▁the at res , ▁Lee ▁and ▁Sam ▁Sh ub ert ▁moved ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁City , ▁where ▁they ▁laid ▁the ▁found ations ▁for ▁what ▁was ▁to ▁become ▁the ▁largest ▁theatre ▁empire ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁including ▁the ▁Winter ▁Garden ▁and ▁Sh ub ert ▁The at res . ▁ ▁The ▁all - power ful ▁The atr ical ▁Sy nd icate ▁essentially ▁excluded ▁competition . ▁Since ▁the ▁Sh ub erts ▁were ▁not ▁permitted |
▁to ▁use ▁Sy nd icate - cont rolled ▁the aters , ▁they ▁put ▁on ▁shows ▁in ▁rent ed ▁circ us ▁t ents , ▁holding ▁" three ▁times ▁as ▁many ▁customers ▁as ▁the ▁typical ▁theater ." ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 0 , ▁they ▁formed ▁the ▁" Ind ep endent ▁National ▁Theatre ▁Own er ' s ▁Association ", ▁which ▁brought ▁about ▁the ▁defe ction ▁of ▁many ▁the aters ▁from ▁all ▁around ▁the ▁country ▁that ▁previously ▁had ▁been ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁Sy nd icate . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 2 , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁" L ee ▁Sh ub ert ▁and ▁A . ▁L . ▁Er l anger ▁... ▁riv als ▁for ▁twenty ▁years " ▁had ▁reached ▁a ▁working ▁understanding . ▁ ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ▁was ▁a ▁hard ▁n osed ▁business man ▁who ▁has ▁been ▁critic ized ▁for ▁being ▁money ▁and ▁power ▁orient ed ▁with ▁little ▁interest ▁in ▁culture . ▁Non etheless , ▁he ▁recognized ▁the ▁need ▁to ▁attract ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁top ▁stage ▁actors ▁from ▁the ▁long - est ab lished ▁European ▁the at res ▁( as ▁G aby ▁Des ly s ) ▁to ▁perform ▁at ▁the ▁new ▁Broadway ▁houses . ▁After ▁a ▁dis astr ous ▁production ▁of ▁Ham let ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁at ▁a ▁compet itor ' s ▁theatre , ▁French ▁meg ast ar ▁Sarah ▁Bern hard t ▁v owed ▁never ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁America ▁ ▁until ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ▁convinced ▁her ▁to ▁perform ▁for ▁his ▁company ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 5 . ▁ |
▁At ▁his ▁death ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ' s ▁estate ▁was ▁worth ▁$ 1 6 ▁million . ▁ ▁He ▁bo asted ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁of ▁his ▁family ▁success : ▁We ▁began ▁building ▁the aters , ▁and ▁introduced ▁practical ▁commercial ▁methods ▁into ▁a ▁flag r antly ▁imp ract ical ▁and ▁prec ar ious ▁profession .... This ▁s ord id ▁commercial ism ▁has ▁helped ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁American ▁stage ▁a ▁legitimate , ▁financial ▁risk , ▁stabil ized ▁its ▁revenue , ▁attracted ▁real ▁money ▁to ▁it , ▁reduced ▁the ▁margin ▁of ▁chance , ▁increased ▁its ▁facilities , ▁and ▁wid ened ▁its ▁opportunities . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁He ▁was ▁married ▁to ▁Marc ella ▁Sw anson . ▁They ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁secret ly ▁married ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁in ▁Germany ▁and ▁divor ced ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁in ▁Ren o , ▁Nevada . ▁They ▁rem ar ried ▁in ▁Miami ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁( Time ▁Magazine ▁reports ▁the ▁rem ar riage ▁was ▁in ▁February ). ▁ ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ▁died ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 8 2 ▁and ▁was ▁inter red ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁plot ▁at ▁Sal em ▁Field s ▁C emetery ▁in ▁Brooklyn . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁" L ee ▁Sh ub ert ." ▁Dictionary ▁of ▁American ▁Biography ▁( 1 9 7 7 ) ▁online ▁Hir sch , ▁Foster . ▁The ▁Boys |
▁from ▁S yr ac use ▁( 1 9 9 8 ). ▁SI U ▁Press . ▁▁ ▁Jon as ▁West over ▁( 2 0 1 7 ). ▁ ▁The ▁Sh ub erts ▁and ▁Their ▁Pass ing ▁Sh ows : ▁The ▁U nt old ▁T ale ▁of ▁Z ieg feld ' s ▁R ivals , ▁Oxford ▁University ▁Press ▁ ▁St agg , ▁Jerry . ▁The ▁Brothers ▁Sch ub ert ▁( 1 9 6 8 ) ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Lee ▁Sh ub ert ▁at ▁Mus icals 1 0 1 . com ▁▁ ▁Sh ub ert ▁Foundation ▁bi ography ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 7 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 3 ▁deaths ▁Category : People ▁from ▁K ud irk os ▁Na um iest is ▁Category : L ith uan ian ▁Jews ▁Category : Im per ial ▁Russian ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : American ▁people ▁of ▁L ith uan ian - J ew ish ▁descent ▁Category : American ▁theatre ▁managers ▁and ▁producers ▁Category : American ▁entertainment ▁industry ▁business people ▁Category : Bus iness people ▁from ▁S yr ac use , ▁New ▁York ▁Category : Sh ub ert ▁Organization ▁Category : B ur ials ▁at ▁Sal em ▁Field s ▁C emetery , ▁Brooklyn <0x0A> </s> ▁Mark ▁Anthony ▁" Bo " ▁Pel ini ▁( born ▁December ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 9 6 7 ) ▁is ▁the ▁American ▁football ▁defensive ▁coord inator ▁for ▁the ▁Louisiana ▁State ▁University ▁Tig ers ▁football ▁team ▁at ▁Louisiana ▁State ▁University . ▁He ▁is ▁the ▁younger |
▁brother ▁of ▁former ▁Florida ▁Atlantic ▁head ▁coach ▁Carl ▁Pel ini , ▁who ▁as ▁frequently ▁worked ▁under ▁Bo ▁as ▁an ▁assistant ▁coach . ▁ ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁head ▁coach ▁of ▁the ▁Neb r aska ▁Corn hus kers ▁from ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁until ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁Prior ▁to ▁leading ▁the ▁football ▁program ▁at ▁Neb r aska , ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁defensive ▁coord inator ▁for ▁the ▁L SU ▁Tig ers , ▁Oklahoma ▁Soon ers , ▁and ▁the ▁Neb r aska ▁Corn hus kers . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁raised ▁in ▁Young st own , ▁Ohio , ▁a ▁former ▁center ▁of ▁steel ▁production ▁with ▁a ▁strong ▁athlet ic ▁tradition . ▁He ▁was ▁nick named ▁" Bo " ▁after ▁former ▁Cleveland ▁Brow ns ▁running ▁back ▁Bo ▁Scott . ▁After ▁gradu ating ▁from ▁Young st own ▁Card inal ▁Mo oney ▁High ▁School ▁( the ▁same ▁high ▁school ▁as ▁Bob ▁Sto ops , ▁former ▁head ▁coach ▁of ▁the ▁Oklahoma ▁Soon ers ), ▁he ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁play ▁free ▁safety ▁for ▁the ▁Buc key es ▁at ▁Ohio ▁State ▁University ▁under ▁College ▁Football ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame ▁head ▁coaches ▁E ar le ▁Bruce ▁and ▁John ▁Cooper ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁Pel ini ▁started ▁in ▁his ▁last ▁two ▁years , ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁team ▁co - c apt ain ▁in ▁his ▁senior ▁year , ▁along ▁with ▁V inn ie ▁Clark , ▁Jeff ▁Graham , ▁and ▁Greg ▁Fre y . ▁He ▁earned ▁his ▁Bachelor ▁of |
▁Science ▁degree ▁in ▁business ▁administration ▁from ▁Ohio ▁State ▁College ▁of ▁Business ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁ ▁Co aching ▁career ▁ ▁Early ▁career ▁Following ▁his ▁playing ▁career , ▁Pel ini ▁began ▁his ▁coaching ▁career ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Iowa ▁as ▁a ▁graduate ▁assistant ▁for ▁the ▁Iowa ▁Haw key es ▁under ▁Hay den ▁F ry ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁During ▁this ▁period , ▁he ▁also ▁completed ▁his ▁master ’ s ▁degree ▁in ▁sports ▁administration ▁from ▁Ohio ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 2 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁he ▁served ▁for ▁one ▁year ▁as ▁quarter backs ▁coach ▁at ▁Card inal ▁Mo oney ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁Young st own . ▁Following ▁the ▁season , ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁briefly ▁employed ▁as ▁line back ers ▁coach ▁with ▁the ▁Detroit ▁Drive ▁of ▁the ▁Arena ▁Football ▁League . ▁ ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁Pel ini ▁got ▁his ▁first ▁position ▁in ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁hired ▁by ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁head ▁coach ▁George ▁Se if ert ▁as ▁a ▁sc outing ▁assistant . ▁He ▁was ▁quickly ▁promoted ▁to ▁assistant ▁secondary ▁coach , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁spring ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁he ▁had ▁been ▁promoted ▁again ▁to ▁defensive ▁backs ▁coach . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁in ▁his ▁new ▁position , ▁he ▁co ached ▁in ▁his ▁first ▁Super ▁Bowl ▁as ▁the ▁ 4 9 ers ▁defeated ▁the ▁San ▁Diego ▁Ch arg ers ▁ 4 |
9 – 2 6 ▁in ▁Super ▁Bowl ▁XX IX . ▁ ▁New ▁England ▁Patri ots ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁hired ▁by ▁New ▁England ▁Patri ots ▁head ▁coach ▁Pete ▁Car roll , ▁again ▁as ▁defensive ▁backs ▁coach , ▁helping ▁the ▁Patri ots ▁reach ▁the ▁play offs ▁twice ▁during ▁his ▁three ▁years ▁there . ▁ ▁Green ▁Bay ▁Pack ers ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁Pel ini ▁became ▁the ▁line back ers ▁coach ▁for ▁the ▁Green ▁Bay ▁Pack ers ▁under ▁head ▁coach ▁Mike ▁Sher man . ▁Green ▁Bay ▁posted ▁a ▁ 3 3 – 1 5 ▁record ▁and ▁reached ▁the ▁play offs ▁twice ▁in ▁Pel ini ' s ▁three ▁years ▁there ▁as ▁line back ers ▁coach . ▁ ▁Neb r aska ▁Corn hus kers ▁( DC / Int . ▁H C ) ▁Pel ini ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁college ▁ranks ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁hired ▁as ▁Def ensive ▁Coord inator ▁for ▁the ▁Neb r aska ▁Corn hus kers ▁by ▁Head ▁Coach ▁Frank ▁Sol ich . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁the ▁season ▁prior ▁to ▁his ▁hiring , ▁Corn hus kers ' ▁defense ▁was ▁ranked ▁ 5 5 th ▁nation ally . ▁In ▁his ▁first ▁year ▁it ▁improved ▁to ▁ 1 1 th ▁and ▁led ▁the ▁country ▁in ▁turn over ▁margin . ▁At ▁the ▁conclusion ▁of ▁the ▁regular ▁season , ▁despite ▁posting ▁a ▁ 9 – 3 ▁record , ▁Sol ich ▁was ▁fired ▁by ▁new ▁Neb r aska ▁athlet ic ▁director ▁Steve ▁Ped |
erson . ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁named ▁the ▁inter im ▁head ▁coach ▁and ▁led ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ▁to ▁a ▁ 1 7 – 3 ▁win ▁over ▁the ▁Michigan ▁State ▁Sp art ans ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁Al amo ▁Bowl . ▁Pel ini ▁interviewed ▁for ▁the ▁Neb r aska ▁head ▁coach ▁position , ▁but ▁Ped erson ▁instead ▁decided ▁after ▁a ▁ 4 1 - day ▁search ▁to ▁hire ▁Bill ▁Call ahan , ▁who ▁had ▁just ▁been ▁fired ▁by ▁the ▁Oak land ▁R aid ers ▁after ▁a ▁disappoint ing ▁ 4 – 1 2 ▁season . ▁The ▁following ▁year , ▁Neb r aska ' s ▁defense ▁fell ▁to ▁ 5 6 th ▁nation ally . ▁ ▁Oklahoma ▁Soon ers ▁For ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁Pel ini ▁joined ▁the ▁Oklahoma ▁Soon ers ▁as ▁co - def ensive ▁coord inator ▁under ▁head ▁coach ▁Bob ▁Sto ops , ▁helping ▁the ▁Soon ers ▁to ▁a ▁ 6 th ▁place ▁national ▁rushing ▁defense ▁and ▁ 1 1 th ▁place ▁national ▁scoring ▁defense ▁on ▁their ▁way ▁towards ▁winning ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁Championship ▁Game ▁and ▁a ▁spot ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁B CS ▁National ▁Championship ▁Game , ▁where ▁they ▁were ▁defeated ▁ 5 5 – 1 9 ▁by ▁the ▁US C ▁Tro j ans . ▁ ▁L SU ▁Tig ers ▁( DC ) ▁– ▁First ▁ten ure ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁hired ▁by ▁L SU ▁Tig ers ▁Head ▁Coach ▁Les ▁Miles |
, ▁again ▁as ▁defensive ▁coord inator . ▁His ▁success ▁continued , ▁as ▁L SU ▁was ▁ranked ▁ 3 rd ▁nation ally ▁in ▁overall ▁defense ▁for ▁each ▁of ▁his ▁three ▁years ▁with ▁the ▁Tig ers . ▁At ▁the ▁conclusion ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁regular ▁season , ▁the ▁L SU ▁Tig ers ▁defeated ▁the ▁Tennessee ▁Vol unte ers ▁ 2 1 – 1 4 ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁SEC ▁Championship ▁Game ▁and ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁win ▁ 3 8 – 2 4 ▁against ▁the ▁Ohio ▁State ▁Buc key es , ▁Pel ini ' s ▁al ma ▁mater , ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁B CS ▁National ▁Championship ▁Game . ▁ ▁Neb r aska ▁Corn hus kers ▁( HC ) ▁During ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁football ▁season , ▁Neb r aska ▁Ch ancell or ▁Harvey ▁Per l man ▁fired ▁athlet ic ▁director ▁Steve ▁Ped erson , ▁and ▁appointed ▁former ▁Corn hus kers ▁head ▁coach ▁Tom ▁Os borne ▁as ▁Inter im ▁Athlet ic ▁Director . ▁One ▁day ▁after ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ' ▁final ▁game ▁of ▁the ▁season , ▁a ▁ 6 5 – 5 1 ▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁Colorado ▁Buff al oes ▁and ▁finishing ▁the ▁season ▁with ▁ 5 ▁wins ▁and ▁ 7 ▁losses , ▁Os borne ▁fired ▁Bill ▁Call ahan ▁and ▁announced ▁an ▁immediate ▁search ▁for ▁a ▁new ▁football ▁coach . ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁selected ▁after ▁a ▁nine - day ▁search ▁as ▁the ▁next ▁head ▁coach . ▁Two ▁names ▁revealed ▁among ▁five ▁interviewed ▁candidates ▁included |
▁Buffalo ▁head ▁coach ▁Turner ▁Gill ▁and ▁W ake ▁Forest ▁Dem on ▁De ac ons ▁head ▁coach ▁Jim ▁Gro be . ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁season ▁ ▁Neb r aska ▁opened ▁up ▁with ▁ 3 ▁straight ▁wins ▁against ▁Western ▁Michigan ▁Bron cos , ▁San ▁Jose ▁State ▁Sp art ans , ▁and ▁New ▁Mexico ▁State ▁A gg ies . ▁Bo ▁Pel ini ' s ▁arrival ▁saw ▁a ▁renew ed ▁interest ▁and ▁optim ism ▁in ▁Neb r aska ▁football , ▁as ▁ev id enced ▁by ▁their ▁record ▁Pay - Per ▁View ▁bu ys . ▁ ▁Neb r aska ▁then ▁proceed ed ▁to ▁lose ▁a ▁close ▁game ▁to ▁Virginia ▁Tech ▁H ok ies , ▁and ▁then ▁suffered ▁the ▁worst ▁home ▁loss ▁in ▁school ▁history ▁to ▁the ▁Missouri ▁Tig ers ▁ 5 2 – 1 7 ▁the ▁next ▁week . ▁The ▁first ▁road ▁game ▁of ▁the ▁season ▁produced ▁a ▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁Texas ▁Tech ▁Red ▁R aid ers ▁in ▁over time ▁despite ▁giving ▁up ▁ 8 . 7 7 ▁yards ▁per ▁play . ▁Then ▁the ▁H usk ers ▁traveled ▁to ▁Am es , ▁Iowa ▁and ▁beat ▁a ▁ 2 – 1 0 ▁Iowa ▁State ▁Cycl ones . ▁They ▁came ▁back ▁home ▁and ▁won ▁against ▁the ▁Bay lor ▁B ears . ▁Pel ini ' s ▁H usk ers ▁then ▁lost ▁on ▁the ▁road ▁the ▁following ▁week ▁to ▁the ▁Oklahoma ▁Soon ers ▁by ▁a ▁tune ▁of ▁ 6 2 – 2 8 , ▁where ▁Oklahoma ▁scored ▁ 3 5 ▁straight ▁before ▁Neb r aska ▁answered . ▁By ▁hal ft |
ime , ▁the ▁score ▁was ▁ 4 9 – 1 4 . ▁This ▁game ▁marked ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁Pel ini ▁went ▁up ▁against ▁Bob ▁Sto ops ▁who ▁he ▁formerly ▁worked ▁under ▁as ▁defensive ▁coord inator ▁for ▁the ▁Soon ers ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁This ▁game ▁also ▁marks ▁the ▁most ▁points ▁ever ▁scored ▁against ▁Neb r aska ▁in ▁a ▁single ▁quarter . ▁ ▁On ▁November ▁ 8 , ▁Bo ▁Pel ini ' s ▁Neb r aska ▁Corn hus kers ▁won ▁against ▁the ▁Kansas ▁Jay h aw ks , ▁making ▁them ▁bowl ▁eligible . ▁The ▁ 9 – 4 ▁season ▁was ▁c apped ▁by ▁a ▁ 2 6 – 2 1 ▁victory ▁over ▁the ▁Cle ms on ▁Tig ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁G ator ▁Bowl , ▁played ▁only ▁days ▁after ▁Pel ini ▁returned ▁from ▁his ▁father ' s ▁funeral ▁service ▁in ▁Ohio . ▁ ▁Pel ini ' s ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁regular ▁season ▁record ▁of ▁ 9 – 4 ▁was ▁the ▁highest ▁among ▁all ▁ 2 8 ▁Division ▁I ▁F BS ▁teams ▁with ▁new ▁head ▁coaches ▁and ▁staff s ▁that ▁year . ▁This ▁performance ▁was ▁reward ed ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁when ▁his ▁salary ▁was ▁increased ▁from ▁$ 1 . 1 ▁to ▁$ 1 . 8 ▁million . ▁Pel ini ' s ▁contract ▁ran ▁until ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁season ▁ ▁Expect ations ▁were ▁high ▁heading ▁into ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁season ▁for |
▁the ▁Corn hus kers . ▁Despite ▁having ▁to ▁replace ▁record - setting ▁quarter back ▁Joe ▁G anz , ▁and ▁the ▁entire ▁receiving ▁corps , ▁Neb r aska ▁was ▁expected ▁to ▁cont end ▁in ▁the ▁wide ▁open ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁North ▁Division . ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁were ▁ranked ▁in ▁the ▁pre season ▁at ▁# 2 4 ▁by ▁the ▁AP , ▁the ▁first ▁pre - season ▁ranking ▁since ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁season . ▁Neb r aska ▁was ▁expecting ▁big ▁seasons ▁from ▁running ▁back ▁Roy ▁Hel u ▁and ▁defensive ▁tackle ▁N dam uk ong ▁Su h . ▁Before ▁the ▁season ▁even ▁started , ▁Pel ini ▁had ▁to ▁kick ▁his ▁second ▁leading ▁r usher , ▁Qu entin ▁Cast ille ▁off ▁the ▁team . ▁Cast ille ' s ▁absence ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁emer gence ▁to ▁true ▁fresh man ▁running ▁back ▁R ex ▁Bur k head ▁during ▁fall ▁camp . ▁ ▁Pel ini ▁led ▁his ▁team ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁Championship ▁Game ▁against ▁the ▁# 3 ▁Texas ▁Long horn s . ▁Texas , ▁led ▁by ▁quarter back ▁Col t ▁McC oy , ▁was ▁heavily ▁fav ored ▁over ▁the ▁H usk ers , ▁who ▁were ▁ranked ▁number ▁ 2 1 . ▁Despite ▁the ▁loss ▁in ▁the ▁game , ▁the ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁Championship ▁Game ▁show c ased ▁the ▁skill ▁of ▁N dam uk ong ▁Su h . ▁The ▁All - American ▁had ▁ 4 . 5 ▁s acks ▁to ▁go ▁along ▁with ▁ 1 2 ▁tack les |
, ▁ 7 ▁of ▁them ▁coming ▁behind ▁the ▁line ▁of ▁sc rim m age . ▁With ▁his ▁performance ▁Su h ▁was ▁invited ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁He is man ▁Tro phy ▁ceremony , ▁where ▁he ▁finished ▁ 4 th . ▁Su h ▁flour ished ▁under ▁coach ▁Pel ini , ▁finishing ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁season ▁with ▁ 8 5 ▁tack les , ▁ 1 2 ▁s acks , ▁ 2 4 ▁tack les ▁for ▁a ▁loss , ▁ 1 0 ▁passes ▁broken ▁up , ▁ 3 ▁blocked ▁k icks , ▁one ▁inter ception , ▁and ▁a ▁forced ▁f umble . ▁Su h ▁won ▁almost ▁every ▁major ▁post ▁season ▁award ▁available ▁to ▁a ▁defensive ▁lin eman , ▁including ▁the ▁L omb ardi ▁Award , ▁Out land ▁Tro phy , ▁Chuck ▁Bed nar ik ▁Award , ▁Bron ko ▁Nag ur ski ▁Tro phy , ▁and ▁The ▁Bill ▁Will is ▁Tro phy . ▁Su h ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁Out land ▁and ▁L omb ardi ▁winner ▁of ▁Pel ini ' s , ▁following ▁Glen n ▁Dor sey . ▁ ▁Neb r aska ▁finished ▁the ▁season ▁with ▁a ▁ 3 3 – 0 ▁win ▁over ▁the ▁Arizona ▁Wild c ats ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Hol iday ▁Bowl ▁where ▁Pel ini ▁pro claimed ▁to ▁the ▁Neb r aska ▁fans ▁in ▁the ▁Hol iday ▁Bowl ▁stands ▁" N eb r aska ▁is ▁back ▁and ▁we ' re ▁here ▁to ▁stay ! ". ▁The ▁victory ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁bowl ▁shut out ▁of ▁Neb |
r aska ' s ▁ 4 5 ▁bowl ▁history , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁shut out ▁in ▁Hol iday ▁Bowl ▁history . ▁Neb r aska ' s ▁final ▁rank ▁in ▁the ▁coaches ▁and ▁AP ▁media ▁poll ▁was ▁ 1 4 th , ▁the ▁highest ▁final ▁ranking ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁Under ▁Pel ini ▁Neb r aska ▁finished ▁# 1 ▁in ▁NC AA ▁scoring ▁and ▁pass ▁efficiency ▁defense , ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁since ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁that ▁Neb r aska ▁has ▁led ▁the ▁country ▁in ▁those ▁categories ▁respectively . ▁▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁season ▁ ▁Following ▁a ▁mixed ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁finish ▁( not ably ▁the ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁Championship ▁Game ▁loss ▁and ▁the ▁Hol iday ▁Bowl ▁victory ), ▁Bo ' s ▁Corn hus kers ▁began ▁the ▁season ▁ranked ▁# 8 ▁in ▁the ▁pre - season ▁AP ▁poll . ▁Neb r aska ▁was ▁expected ▁by ▁several ▁sports ▁analyst s ▁to ▁compete ▁for ▁the ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁title ▁before ▁depart ing ▁to ▁the ▁Big ▁Ten ▁Conference ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁Following ▁disappoint ing ▁losses ▁to ▁both ▁the ▁Texas ▁Long horn s ▁and ▁Texas ▁A & M ▁A gg ies , ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ▁dropped ▁to ▁# 1 5 ▁in ▁the ▁AP ▁poll ▁going ▁into ▁the ▁final ▁week ▁of ▁the ▁regular ▁season ▁therefore ▁elim inating ▁any ▁realistic ▁hopes ▁of ▁a ▁national ▁championship ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁Neb r aska ▁proceed ed ▁to |
▁beat ▁the ▁Colorado ▁Buff al oes ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁regular ▁game ▁of ▁the ▁season , ▁clin ching ▁the ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁North ▁title . ▁In ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁Championship ▁Game , ▁Neb r aska ▁committed ▁four ▁turno vers ▁and ▁blew ▁a ▁ 1 7 – 0 ▁second ▁quarter ▁lead ▁on ▁the ▁way ▁to ▁a ▁ 2 3 – 2 0 ▁defeat ▁to ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁South ▁Co - Ch ampion ▁Oklahoma . ▁In ▁the ▁final ▁B CS ▁ratings ▁for ▁the ▁season , ▁Neb r aska ▁finished ▁ 1 8 th ▁and ▁in ▁fifth ▁place ▁amongst ▁Big ▁ 1 2 ▁teams ▁behind ▁Oklahoma , ▁Missouri , ▁Oklahoma ▁State , ▁and ▁Texas ▁A & M . ▁Neb r aska ▁lost ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Hol iday ▁Bowl , ▁ 1 9 – 7 , ▁to ▁the ▁Washington ▁H usk ies . ▁Three ▁months ▁prior , ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ▁defeated ▁the ▁H usk ies ▁by ▁ 3 5 ▁points ▁in ▁Seattle . ▁▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁season ▁ ▁After ▁a ▁disappoint ing ▁end ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁season , ▁Neb r aska ▁began ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁with ▁wins ▁in ▁its ▁first ▁four ▁games ▁against ▁Ch att ano oga , ▁F res no ▁State , ▁Washington , ▁and ▁Wy oming . ▁Neb r aska ▁was ▁defeated ▁by ▁the ▁Wisconsin ▁Bad gers ▁in ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ' ▁first ▁Big ▁Ten ▁Conference ▁game . ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁came ▁out |
▁strong ▁t ying ▁it ▁up ▁at ▁ 1 4 – 1 4 ▁with ▁four ▁minutes ▁to ▁go ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁quarter , ▁but ▁Wisconsin ' s ▁offense ▁dominated ▁Neb r aska ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁half ▁and ▁ending ▁up ▁winning ▁the ▁game ▁with ▁a ▁score ▁of ▁ 4 8 – 1 7 . ▁Neb r aska ▁re bound ed ▁by ▁winning ▁three ▁games ▁in ▁a ▁row , ▁including ▁a ▁ 2 1 - point ▁second ▁half ▁com eb ack ▁– ▁the ▁largest ▁in ▁school ▁history ▁– ▁against ▁Ohio ▁State ▁and ▁a ▁ 2 4 – 3 ▁win ▁versus ▁# 9 ▁Michigan ▁State . ▁After ▁that ▁winning ▁streak ▁they ▁were ▁upset ▁by ▁the ▁un rank ed ▁North western ▁Wild c ats ▁where ▁they ▁suffered ▁two ▁f umb les ▁inside ▁the ▁North western ▁ 3 0 ▁yard ▁line . ▁The ▁next ▁game ▁for ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ▁came ▁against ▁# 1 2 ▁Penn ▁State . ▁The ▁week ▁leading ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁game ▁had ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁national ▁focus ▁revol ving ▁the ▁firing ▁of ▁coach ▁Joe ▁P ater no ▁and ▁the ▁sexual ▁assault ▁charges ▁in ▁the ▁Penn ▁State ▁sex ▁abuse ▁scandal . ▁A ▁prayer ▁was ▁held ▁before ▁the ▁game ▁for ▁both ▁teams ▁by ▁Neb r aska ▁running ▁backs ▁coach ▁Ron ▁Brown . ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁won ▁the ▁game ▁ 1 7 – 1 4 . ▁January ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Neb r aska ▁lost ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Capital ▁One ▁Bowl ▁to ▁the ▁South ▁Carolina |
▁Game c ocks , ▁ 1 3 – 3 0 . ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁season ▁ ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁began ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁season ▁ranked ▁# 1 7 ▁in ▁the ▁AP ▁Poll . ▁After ▁a ▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁U CL A ▁Bru ins , ▁Neb r aska ▁won ▁their ▁remaining ▁regular ▁season ▁games ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁a ▁ 3 8 – 6 3 ▁loss ▁to ▁event ual ▁Big ▁Ten ▁Lead ers ▁Division ▁champion ▁Ohio ▁State . ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ' ▁ 7 – 1 ▁conference ▁record ▁earned ▁the ▁team ▁their ▁first ▁Big ▁Ten ▁Leg ends ▁Division ▁title , ▁and ▁first ▁appearance ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Big ▁Ten ▁Football ▁Championship ▁Game . ▁Due ▁to ▁post season ▁in el ig ibility ▁of ▁both ▁Ohio ▁State ▁and ▁Penn ▁State , ▁they ▁played ▁the ▁third ▁place ▁team ▁in ▁the ▁Lead ers ▁Division , ▁Wisconsin . ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁never ▁led ▁during ▁the ▁game ▁and ▁were ▁defeated ▁by ▁a ▁score ▁of ▁ 3 1 – 7 0 . ▁In ▁their ▁second ▁appearance ▁in ▁as ▁many ▁seasons , ▁the ▁Corn hus kers ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Capital ▁One ▁Bowl ▁and ▁lost ▁to ▁Sout he astern ▁Conference ▁East ▁Co - Ch ampions ▁Georgia ▁Bul ld ogs , ▁ 3 1 – 4 5 . ▁▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁season ▁ ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁began ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁season ▁ranked ▁# 1 8 ▁in ▁the ▁AP ▁Poll . ▁After ▁a |
▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁U CL A ▁Bru ins , ▁Neb r aska ▁lost ▁starting ▁quarter back ▁Taylor ▁Mart ine z , ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁many ▁injuries ▁during ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁season . ▁Neb r aska ▁would ▁go ▁on ▁to ▁lose ▁to ▁the ▁Minnesota ▁Golden ▁G oph ers , ▁Michigan ▁State ▁Sp art ans ▁and ▁Iowa ▁Haw key es ▁to ▁finish ▁the ▁regular ▁season ▁ 8 – 4 . ▁Neb r aska ▁went ▁on ▁and ▁defeated ▁Georgia ▁ 2 4 – 1 9 ▁in ▁the ▁G ator ▁Bowl , ▁av eng ing ▁last ▁year ' s ▁bowl ▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁Bul ld ogs . ▁Neb r aska ▁finished ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁season ▁with ▁a ▁ 9 – 4 ▁record , ▁Pel ini ' s ▁sixth ▁straight ▁season ▁with ▁nine ▁or ▁more ▁wins . ▁Neb r aska ▁also ▁finished ▁the ▁season ▁ranked ▁# 2 5 ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁Co aches ▁Poll , ▁but ▁un rank ed ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁AP ▁Poll . ▁▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁season ▁ ▁The ▁Corn hus kers ▁began ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁season ▁ranked ▁# 2 2 ▁in ▁both ▁the ▁AP ▁Poll ▁and ▁Co aches ' ▁poll s . ▁They ▁finished ▁tied ▁for ▁second ▁in ▁the ▁Big ▁Ten ' s ▁West ▁Division ▁with ▁a ▁ 9 – 3 ▁record ▁and ▁ranked ▁ 2 5 th ▁in ▁the ▁nation . ▁ ▁F iring ▁On ▁November ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁after ▁the ▁conclusion ▁of ▁the ▁regular ▁season |
, ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁fired ▁by ▁Neb r aska ▁Director ▁of ▁Athlet ics ▁Sh awn ▁E ich or st , ▁effective ▁immediately . ▁The ▁University ▁is ▁contract ed ▁to ▁pay ▁Pel ini ▁$ 7 . 6 5 ▁million ▁in ▁salary ▁following ▁his ▁term ination ▁in ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁$ 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁monthly ▁payments ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁ 5 1 ▁months . ▁The ▁total ▁liquid ation ▁to ▁be ▁paid ▁to ▁Pel ini ▁is ▁roughly ▁$ 7 . 9 ▁million . ▁ ▁Pel ini ▁left ▁the ▁N U ▁football ▁program ▁with ▁a ▁ 6 7 – 2 7 ▁record , ▁winning ▁at ▁least ▁ 9 ▁games ▁in ▁every ▁season . ▁Despite ▁this ▁record ▁Neb r aska ▁never ▁won ▁a ▁conference ▁title ▁under ▁Pel ini . ▁E ich or st ▁stated ▁at ▁a ▁press ▁conference ▁that ▁Pel ini ▁hadn ' t ▁won ▁" the ▁games ▁that ▁matter ed ▁the ▁most " ▁against ▁top - t ier ▁opponents ▁despite ▁having ▁significant ▁resources ▁at ▁his ▁dispos al . ▁Bar ney ▁Cot ton ▁was ▁announced ▁as ▁inter im ▁head ▁coach , ▁and ▁prepared ▁the ▁team ▁for ▁its ▁bowl ▁game . ▁ ▁Young st own ▁State ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁hired ▁by ▁Young st own ▁State ▁in ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁as ▁their ▁new ▁head ▁coach . ▁The ▁P engu ins ▁went ▁ 5 – 6 ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁but ▁re bound ed ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁to ▁go ▁ 1 2 – 4 , ▁losing ▁the ▁F CS |
▁Championship ▁game ▁to ▁James ▁Madison ▁University . ▁The ▁next ▁three ▁seasons ▁would ▁see ▁Pel ini ▁coach ▁the ▁P egu ins ▁to ▁records ▁of ▁ 6 – 5 , ▁ 4 – 7 ▁and ▁ 6 – 6 . ▁▁ ▁Through ▁his ▁final ▁season ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Pel ini ▁posted ▁an ▁overall ▁record ▁of ▁ 3 3 – 2 8 ▁with ▁one ▁play off ▁appearance ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁during ▁his ▁five - year ▁ten ure ▁at ▁Young st own ▁State . ▁ ▁L SU ▁Tig ers ▁( DC ) ▁– ▁Second ▁ten ure ▁On ▁Jan . ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁named ▁L SU ' s ▁next ▁defensive ▁coord inator , ▁replacing ▁Dave ▁Ar anda . ▁ ▁Social ▁media ▁Pel ini ▁is ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁Twitter ▁account ▁@ F aux P el ini . ▁@ F aux P el ini ▁has ▁impact ed ▁the ▁Hus ker ▁program , ▁including ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁a ▁rival ry ▁tro phy . ▁ ▁Cont ro vers ies ▁ ▁First ▁aud iot ape ▁leak ▁Following ▁a ▁home ▁game ▁loss ▁to ▁U CL A ▁on ▁September ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁and ▁shortly ▁after ▁responding ▁to ▁criticism ▁from ▁former ▁Neb r aska ▁football ▁player ▁Tom m ie ▁F raz ier ▁about ▁the ▁loss , ▁a ▁two - year - old ▁audio ▁tape ▁with ▁a ▁prof ane ▁tir ade ▁by ▁Pel ini ▁was ▁an onym ously ▁le aked ▁to ▁Dead spin |
. ▁The ▁recording ▁was ▁made ▁following ▁Neb r aska ' s ▁come - from - be hind ▁win ▁against ▁Ohio ▁State ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁reported ▁that ▁some ▁students ▁left ▁when ▁Neb r aska ▁was ▁down ▁ 2 7 – 6 ▁early ▁in ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁quarter . ▁The ▁H usk ers ▁won ▁ 3 4 – 2 7 . ▁According ▁to ▁Dead spin , ▁among ▁the ▁statements ▁made ▁on ▁the ▁audio ▁recording , ▁Pel ini ▁said : ▁Our ▁crowd . ▁What ▁a ▁bunch ▁of ▁fucking ▁fair - we ather ▁fucking — they ▁can ▁all ▁kiss ▁my ▁ass ▁out ▁the ▁fucking ▁door . ▁' C ause ▁the ▁day ▁is ▁fucking ▁coming ▁now . ▁We ' ll ▁see ▁what ▁they ▁can ▁do ▁when ▁I ' m ▁fucking ▁gone . ▁I ' m ▁so ▁fucking ▁piss ed ▁off . ▁ ▁Short ly ▁after ▁the ▁tape ▁was ▁released , ▁Pel ini ▁apolog ized : ▁I ▁take ▁full ▁responsibility ▁for ▁these ▁comments . ▁They ▁were ▁spoken ▁in ▁a ▁private ▁room ▁following ▁the ▁Ohio ▁State ▁game . ▁I ▁was ▁vent ing ▁following ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁emotional ▁events ▁which ▁led ▁to ▁this ▁moment . ▁That ▁being ▁said , ▁these ▁comments ▁are ▁in ▁no ▁way ▁indic ative ▁of ▁my ▁true ▁feelings . ▁I ▁love ▁it ▁here ▁in ▁Neb r aska ▁and ▁feel ▁fortunate ▁to ▁be ▁associated ▁with ▁such ▁a ▁great ▁University ▁and ▁fan ▁base . ▁I ▁again ▁apolog ize ▁to ▁anyone ▁whom ▁I ▁have ▁off ended . ▁Following ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁the ▁audio |
▁tape ▁University ▁of ▁Neb r aska – Lin coln ▁ch ancell or ▁Harvey ▁Per l man ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁university ▁would ▁consider ▁how ▁to ▁respond ▁to ▁the ▁matter , ▁and ▁subsequently ▁decided ▁to ▁move ▁on ▁from ▁the ▁incident . ▁Tom ▁Os borne , ▁former ▁coach ▁and ▁athlet ic ▁director ▁at ▁Neb r aska , ▁then ▁announced ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁heard ▁the ▁tape ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁( about ▁a ▁year ▁earlier ) ▁and ▁talked ▁to ▁Pel ini ▁about ▁it ▁but ▁did ▁not ▁tell ▁Per l man ▁about ▁it . ▁ ▁Some ▁ob servers ▁and ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁media ▁believed ▁that ▁Pel ini ▁would ▁have ▁a ▁difficult ▁time ▁winning ▁back ▁fan ▁support . ▁Pel ini ▁believed ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁built ▁up ▁enough ▁" points " ▁for ▁at ▁least ▁partial ▁forg iveness ▁for ▁his ▁statements ▁from ▁the ▁fans . ▁He ▁said ▁he ▁enjo ys ▁his ▁job ▁at ▁Neb r aska ▁and ▁has ▁had ▁great ▁support ; ▁in ▁fact ▁he ▁turned ▁down ▁job ▁offers ▁from ▁other ▁schools . ▁Sports ▁media ▁reactions ▁to ▁the ▁audio ▁tape ▁have ▁r anged ▁from ▁calls ▁for ▁Pel ini ▁to ▁be ▁fired ▁to ▁the ▁view ▁that ▁what ▁Pel ini ▁said ▁was ▁nothing ▁more ▁than ▁what ▁other ▁coaches ▁have ▁likely ▁said ▁in ▁the ▁past . ▁ ▁On - field ▁conduct ▁Pel ini ' s ▁behavior ▁was ▁again ▁called ▁into ▁question ▁during ▁Neb r aska ' s ▁nation ally ▁telev ised ▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁Iowa ▁Haw key es ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁regular ▁season . ▁At |
▁hal ft ime , ▁the ▁coach ▁snapped ▁at ▁ESP N ▁on ▁ABC ▁reporter ▁Qu int ▁K essen ich ▁when ▁asked ▁about ▁a ▁pair ▁of ▁Corn hus ker ▁turno vers , ▁responding ▁with ▁" What ▁kind ▁of ▁question ▁is ▁that ?" ▁Later , ▁in ▁disag reement ▁with ▁a ▁call ▁made ▁on ▁the ▁field , ▁Pel ini ▁swung ▁his ▁hat ▁within ▁inches ▁of ▁an ▁official ' s ▁face , ▁drawing ▁a ▁ 1 5 - yard ▁penalty ▁for ▁uns ports man like ▁conduct . ▁Pel ini ▁remained ▁def iant ▁in ▁the ▁post ▁game ▁press ▁conference , ▁referring ▁to ▁his ▁personal ▁foul ▁call ▁as ▁" ch icken ▁shit " ▁and ▁decl aring , ▁" If ▁they ▁want ▁to ▁fire ▁me , ▁go ▁ahead … I ▁don ' t ▁apolog ize ▁for ▁anything ▁I ▁have ▁done ." ▁Pel ini ▁subsequently ▁apolog ized ▁for ▁his ▁behavior ▁after ▁the ▁Iowa ▁game . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁November ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁game ▁against ▁the ▁North ▁Dakota ▁State ▁B ison ▁in ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁quarter , ▁Pel ini ▁engaged ▁the ▁ref ere es ▁in ▁several ▁heated ▁arguments ▁for ▁pen alties ▁they ▁called ▁including ▁two ▁uns ports man like ▁conduct ▁pen alties ▁on ▁Pel ini . ▁He ▁was ▁re prim anded ▁by ▁the ▁Missouri ▁Valley ▁Football ▁Conference ▁for ▁his ▁on ▁field ▁conduct . ▁ ▁Second ▁aud iot ape ▁leak ▁Following ▁his ▁firing ▁on ▁November ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Pel ini ▁met ▁with ▁his ▁( former ) ▁team ▁at ▁a ▁local ▁high |
▁school ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 . ▁Le aked ▁audio ▁of ▁the ▁meeting ▁revealed ▁that ▁the ▁coach ▁verb ally ▁attacked ▁University ▁of ▁Neb r aska ▁administration . ▁At ▁one ▁point ▁Pel ini ▁said : ▁ ▁It ▁wasn ' t ▁a ▁surprise ▁to ▁me . ▁It ▁really ▁wasn ' t . ▁I ▁didn ' t ▁really ▁have ▁any ▁relationship ▁with ▁the ▁AD . ▁The ▁guy ▁— ▁you ▁guys ▁saw ▁him ▁( S und ay ) ▁— ▁the ▁guy ' s ▁a ▁total ▁p ---- . ▁I ▁mean , ▁he ▁is . ▁He ' s ▁a ▁total ▁c --- . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁leak , ▁the ▁Neb r aska ▁administration ▁released ▁a ▁statement , ▁saying : ▁ ▁If ▁these ▁comments ▁were , ▁indeed , ▁spoken ▁by ▁Mr . ▁Pel ini , ▁we ▁are ▁extremely ▁disappointed , ▁but ▁it ▁only ▁re aff ir ms ▁the ▁decision ▁that ▁he ▁should ▁no ▁longer ▁be ▁a ▁leader ▁of ▁young ▁men ▁at ▁Neb r aska . ▁His ▁habit ual ▁use ▁of ▁in appropri ate ▁language , ▁and ▁his ▁personal ▁and ▁professional ▁attacks ▁on ▁administr ators , ▁are ▁ant it het ical ▁to ▁the ▁values ▁of ▁our ▁university . ▁His ▁behavior ▁is ▁consistent ▁with ▁a ▁pattern ▁of ▁un prof ess ional , ▁dis respect ful ▁behavior ▁directed ▁by ▁Mr . ▁Pel ini ▁toward ▁the ▁passionate ▁fans ▁of ▁Neb r aska , ▁employees ▁of ▁the ▁university ▁and , ▁most ▁concerning , ▁our ▁student - ath let es . ▁This ▁behavior ▁is ▁not ▁toler ated ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Neb r aska ▁and , |
▁among ▁many ▁other ▁concerns , ▁played ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁his ▁dismiss al . ▁ ▁Young st own ▁State , ▁who ▁had ▁already ▁hired ▁Pel ini ▁stated : ▁ ▁" Co ach ▁Pel ini ' s ▁remarks ▁as ▁reported ▁are ▁in appropri ate ▁and ▁unfortunate . ▁We ▁have ▁discussed ▁the ▁report ▁with ▁Coach . ▁We ▁are ▁confident ▁that ▁Coach ▁will ▁conduct ▁himself ▁accordingly ▁moving ▁forward . ▁We ▁will ▁not ▁be ▁comment ing ▁any ▁further ▁on ▁this ▁issue ." ▁ ▁Head ▁coaching ▁record ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁college ▁football ▁head ▁coaches ▁with ▁non - con secut ive ▁ten ure ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁Ex plan atory ▁notes ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Young st own ▁State ▁profile ▁ ▁Neb r aska ▁profile ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁football ▁saf et ies ▁Category : Green ▁Bay ▁Pack ers ▁coaches ▁Category : L SU ▁Tig ers ▁football ▁coaches ▁Category : N eb r aska ▁Corn hus kers ▁football ▁coaches ▁Category : New ▁England ▁Patri ots ▁coaches ▁Category : Oh io ▁State ▁Buc key es ▁football ▁players ▁Category : O klahoma ▁Soon ers ▁football ▁coaches ▁Category : San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁coaches ▁Category : You ng st own ▁State ▁P engu ins ▁football ▁coaches ▁Category : High ▁school ▁football ▁coaches ▁in ▁Ohio ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Young st own , ▁Ohio ▁Category : Play ers ▁of ▁American ▁football ▁from ▁Ohio <0x0A> </s> ▁Roll in ', ▁released ▁in ▁ |
1 9 7 4 , ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁full - length ▁album ▁by ▁Scotland ' s ▁Bay ▁City ▁Roll ers . ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁included ▁three ▁British ▁chart ▁hits ▁(" Rem ember ", ▁" Sh ang - a - Lang ", ▁" Sum mer love ▁S ens ation ") ▁and ▁the ▁debut ▁of ▁" S aturday ▁Night ", ▁never ▁a ▁British ▁hit ▁yet ▁a ▁No . ▁ 1 ▁sm ash ▁in ▁America , ▁later . ▁ ▁While ▁the ▁album ▁itself ▁was ▁not ▁issued ▁in ▁America , ▁several ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁would ▁later ▁appear ▁on ▁the ▁band ' s ▁self - t itled ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁U . S . ▁debut . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Side ▁one ▁" Sh ang - a - Lang " ▁( Phil ▁C oul ter , ▁Bill ▁Martin ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 0 7 ▁ ▁" G ive ▁It ▁to ▁Me ▁Now " ▁( C oul ter , ▁Martin ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 4 8 ▁ ▁" Ang el ▁Angel " ▁( E ric ▁F aul k ner , ▁Stuart ▁" W ood y " ▁Wood ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 2 7 ▁ ▁" Be ▁My ▁Baby " ▁( J eff ▁Barry , ▁Ell ie ▁Green wich , ▁Phil ▁Spect or ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 2 7 ▁ ▁" Just ▁a ▁Little ▁Love " ▁( F aul k ner , ▁Wood ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 5 7 ▁ ▁" Rem ember ▁( Sh a - La - La - La )" |
▁( C oul ter , ▁Martin ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 3 3 ▁ ▁Side ▁two ▁" S aturday ▁Night " ▁( C oul ter , ▁Martin ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 5 7 ▁ ▁" A in ' t ▁It ▁Str ange " ▁( F aul k ner , ▁Wood , ▁Les ▁Mc Ke own ) ▁– ▁ 2 : 1 0 ▁ ▁" Please ▁Stay " ▁( B urt ▁Bach ar ach , ▁Bob ▁Hill i ard ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 5 4 ▁ ▁" J en ny ▁Got ta ▁Dance " ▁( C oul ter , ▁Martin ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 0 6 ▁ ▁" There ▁Go es ▁My ▁Baby " ▁( F aul k ner , ▁Wood ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 1 8 ▁ ▁" Sum mer love ▁S ens ation " ▁( C oul ter , ▁Martin ) ▁– ▁ 3 : 1 2 ▁▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁UK ▁re issue ▁A ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁CD ▁re issue ▁on ▁Bell ▁included ▁four ▁bonus ▁tracks : ▁ ▁" Are ▁You ▁Read y ▁for ▁That ▁Rock ▁and ▁Roll " ▁( the ▁original ▁B - side ▁of ▁the ▁" Sh ang - a - Lang " ▁single ); ▁" B ring ing ▁Back ▁the ▁Good ▁Times " ▁( B - side ▁of ▁" Sum mer love ▁S ens ation "); ▁" By e ▁By e ▁Barbara " ▁( B - side ▁of ▁" Rem ember "); ▁and ▁" Hey ▁C . B ." ▁( B |
- side ▁of ▁" S aturday ▁Night "). ▁Str ange , ▁then , ▁that ▁it ▁didn ' t ▁include ▁the ▁original ▁single ▁versions ▁of ▁" S aturday ▁Night " ▁and ▁" Rem ember " ▁as ▁well , ▁which ▁both ▁featured ▁different ▁( first ) ▁lead ▁vocal ist ▁Nob by ▁Clark . ▁And ▁yet ▁another ▁cred ible ▁cont ender ▁for ▁an ▁extra ▁track ▁would ▁be ▁the ▁U . S . ▁single ▁and ▁album ▁version ▁of ▁" Sum mer love ▁S ens ation " ▁( w / strings ) ▁– ▁not ▁to ▁mention ▁final ▁Martin / C oul ter - p enn ed ▁ 4 5 ▁" All ▁of ▁Me ▁L oves ▁All ▁of ▁You " ▁/ ▁" The ▁B ump ", ▁which , ▁however , ▁appeared ▁as ▁an ▁extra ▁material ▁on ▁the ▁" Once ▁Upon ▁a ▁Star " ▁CD ▁issue . ▁ ▁Person nel ▁Mus icians ▁Les ▁Mc Ke own ▁– ▁vocals , ▁guitar ▁Eric ▁F aul k ner ▁– ▁guitar , ▁viol in , ▁mand olin , ▁bass ▁Stuart ▁" W ood y " ▁Wood ▁– ▁guitar , ▁bass , ▁piano , ▁mand olin ▁Alan ▁Long mu ir ▁– ▁bass , ▁accord ion , ▁piano ▁D erek ▁Long mu ir ▁– ▁drums , ▁con gas , ▁tamb our ine ▁ ▁Production ▁Phil ▁C oul ter : ▁arrangement ▁and ▁production ▁Bill ▁Martin : ▁production ▁ ▁Ch arts ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Bay ▁City ▁Roll ers ▁albums ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁debut ▁albums ▁Category : album s ▁produced ▁by ▁Phil ▁C |
oul ter ▁Category : album s ▁produced ▁by ▁Bill ▁Martin ▁( mus ician ) ▁Category : B ell ▁Records ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁I ly as ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁mascul ine ▁given ▁name ▁Eli as ▁or ▁E lij ah , ▁and ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Given ▁name ▁ ▁Muhammad ▁I ly as ▁Q ad ri , ▁Found er ▁of ▁Daw at - e - I sl ami ▁ ▁I ly as ▁Bab ar , ▁Indian ▁athlet ic ▁coach ▁ ▁I ly as ▁Ah med ▁( dis ambigu ation ), ▁multiple ▁people ▁▁ İ ly as ▁Dem ir , ▁Turkish ▁mart ial ▁artist ▁ ▁I ly as ▁Gor chk han ov , ▁Russian ▁rebel ▁leader ▁ ▁I ly as ▁G ul , ▁Pak ist ani ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁I ly as ▁H uss ain ▁I bra him , ▁Mal div ian ▁politician ▁▁ İ ly as ▁K ah ram an , ▁Turkish ▁football er ▁ ▁I ly as ▁K anch an , ▁Bangl ades hi ▁actor ▁ ▁I ly as ▁K ash mir i , ▁Pak ist ani ▁Al - Q a eda ▁oper ative ▁ ▁I ly as ▁Shah ▁Sh ams udd in , ▁first ▁S ultan ▁of ▁Beng al ▁ ▁I ly as ▁Sh ur pay ev , ▁Russian ▁journalist ▁▁ İ ly as ▁ Ş ü kr ü o ğ lu ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 6 ), ▁Turkish ▁fre estyle ▁wrest ler ▁▁ İ ly as ▁T ü f ek ç i , ▁Turkish ▁football |
er ▁ ▁I ly as ▁son ▁of ▁M ud ar , ▁ancest or ▁of ▁Muhammad ▁ ▁Muhammad ▁I ly as ▁K and hl awi , ▁founder ▁of ▁T abl igh i ▁Jama at ▁ ▁S urn ame ▁ ▁A amer ▁I ly as , ▁Pak ist ani ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁Ad nan ▁I ly as , ▁O man i ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁I hab ▁I ly as , ▁Egyptian - Can ad ian ▁professor ▁ ▁Muhammad ▁I ly as ▁( dis ambigu ation ), ▁several ▁people ▁ ▁Other ▁uses ▁▁ İ ly as ▁Bey ▁Mos que , ▁a ▁cultural ▁heritage ▁mos que ▁of ▁Turkey ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Islamic ▁view ▁of ▁E lij ah ▁ ▁Category : Ar ab ic ▁mascul ine ▁given ▁names ▁Category : Tur k ish ▁mascul ine ▁given ▁names <0x0A> </s> ▁Ch itta ▁Mah ato ▁Memorial ▁College ▁, ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁is ▁a ▁general ▁degree ▁college ▁in ▁Pur ul ia ▁district . ▁It ▁offers ▁under graduate ▁courses ▁in ▁arts . ▁It ▁is ▁affili ated ▁to ▁Sid ho ▁Kan ho ▁Bir sha ▁University . ▁ ▁Dep art ments ▁ ▁Arts ▁Beng ali ▁English ▁History ▁Ge ography ▁Political ▁Science ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Sid ho ▁Kan ho ▁Bir sha ▁University ▁University ▁Gr ants ▁Commission ▁National ▁Ass essment ▁and ▁Acc red itation ▁Council ▁ ▁Category : Col leg es ▁affili ated ▁to ▁Sid ho ▁Kan ho ▁Bir sha ▁University ▁Category : Ac adem ic ▁institutions ▁formerly ▁affili ated |
▁with ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Bur d wan ▁Category : Univers ities ▁and ▁colleges ▁in ▁Pur ul ia ▁district <0x0A> </s> ▁Harry ▁M . ▁K uit ert ▁( N ovember ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁in ▁Dr achten ▁– ▁September ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁in ▁Am st elve en ) ▁was ▁a ▁significant ▁the olog ian ▁of ▁the ▁Re formed ▁Ch urches ▁in ▁the ▁Netherlands ▁( G K N ). ▁ ▁Harry ▁K uit ert ▁- ▁bapt ised ▁Har minus ▁Martin us ▁- ▁was ▁a ▁re ctor ▁at ▁Sch are nd ijk ▁( Z e eland ) ▁and ▁a ▁student ▁past or ▁at ▁Amsterdam ▁before ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁professor ▁of ▁the ology . ▁In ▁Ze eland ▁he ▁witnessed ▁the ▁great ▁flood ▁of ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁which ▁in und ated ▁large ▁parts ▁of ▁this ▁Dutch ▁province . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁he ▁succeeded ▁the ▁ill ust ri ous ▁the olog ian ▁G . ▁C . ▁Ber k ou wer ▁as ▁professor ▁of ▁systematic ▁the ology ▁at ▁the ▁Free ▁University ▁( V U ) ▁in ▁Amsterdam , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁he ▁retired ▁from ▁this ▁chair . ▁K uit ert ▁in ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁his ▁life ▁moved ▁from ▁Re formed ▁orth odox y ▁to ▁Re formed ▁middle ▁orth odox y ▁following ▁his ▁ment or ▁and ▁Ph . D . ▁super visor ▁Ber k ou wer , ▁for ▁whom ▁he ▁wrote ▁his ▁dis sert ation ▁on ▁the ▁Div ine ▁Co - |
H uman ity ▁( D utch : ▁med em ens elijk heid , ▁Af rika ans : ▁Med em ens lik heid ) ▁( De ▁mens v orm ig heid ▁God s ▁( 1 9 6 2 ); ▁German ▁edition ▁ 1 9 6 7 ). ▁Then , ▁after ▁writing ▁vol umin ously , ▁crit ically , ▁and ▁yet ▁appreci atively ▁on ▁Karl ▁Bar th , ▁K uit ert ▁later ▁also ▁moved ▁on ▁to ▁a ▁totally ▁un orth odox ▁stance ▁on ▁Jesus ▁Christ , ▁skip ping ▁ne o - orth odox y ▁altogether . ▁K uit ert ▁developed ▁his ▁views ▁beyond ▁those ▁of ▁Ber k ou wer ▁whose ▁views ▁seemed ▁definit ive . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Ec umen ical ▁News ▁International , ▁K uit ert , ▁after ▁his ▁own ▁emer itation ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 , ▁and ▁by ▁now ▁the ▁most ▁widely ▁read ▁the olog ian ▁in ▁the ▁Netherlands , ▁broke ▁completely ▁with ▁Ber k ou wer ▁and ▁" M iddle ▁Orth odox " ▁tradition ▁( the ▁the ological ▁mainstream ▁of ▁the ▁reform ed ▁church ) ▁in ▁his ▁book , ▁Jesus , ▁the ▁In her it ance ▁of ▁Christianity ▁( 1 9 9 8 ). ▁" J es us ▁supported ▁the ▁Jewish ▁view ▁of ▁God , ▁so ▁he ▁never ▁saw ▁himself ▁as ▁God ▁on ▁earth . ▁He ▁is ▁not ▁a ▁Second ▁God , ▁nor ▁the ▁Second ▁Person ▁of ▁the ▁Holy ▁Tr inity ," ▁said ▁the ▁ 8 0 - year - old ▁K uit ert , ▁ad op ting ▁publicly ▁an |
▁inform al ▁unit arian ▁stance ▁on ▁the ▁key ▁doctrine ▁of ▁Christian ▁faith , ▁much ▁to ▁the ▁grief ▁of ▁those ▁who ▁continue ▁to ▁love ▁and ▁appreciate ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁K uit ert ' s ▁ment or ▁Ber k ou wer . ▁ ▁Another ▁widely ▁read ▁book , ▁both ▁by ▁Protest ants ▁and ▁Cath ol ics , ▁is ▁his ▁Het ▁alg eme en ▁bet wij feld ▁christ elijk ▁g elo of ▁( 1 9 9 2 ), ▁translated ▁as ▁I ▁have ▁my ▁doubts : ▁how ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁Christian ▁without ▁being ▁a ▁fundamental ist ▁( 1 9 9 3 ). ▁In ▁this ▁book ▁he ▁gives ▁a ▁succ inct ▁overview ▁of ▁the ▁gaps ▁he ▁per ce ives ▁between ▁tradition , ▁dog ma , ▁the ▁classic ▁Christian ▁the ological ▁themes ▁and ▁the ▁questions ▁of ▁people ▁now adays . ▁His ▁av owed ▁goal ▁is ▁to ▁go ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁purposes ▁behind ▁the ▁classic ▁forms ▁of ▁Christian ▁doctrine ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁enable ▁the ▁faithful ▁to ▁renew ▁and ▁develop ▁their ▁faith ▁facing ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁century . ▁His ▁works ▁have ▁been ▁translated ▁into ▁several ▁languages . ▁Crit ics ▁have ▁argued ▁that ▁this ▁book ▁is ▁an ▁exercise ▁in ▁ref ined ▁ag nost icism , ▁and ▁that ▁K uit ert ▁can ▁no ▁longer ▁be ▁properly ▁considered ▁a ▁Christian ▁the olog ian . ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Sign als ▁from ▁the ▁Bible ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁u mary land . world cat . org ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 7 ▁deaths ▁Category |
: Christ ian ▁eth ic ists ▁Category : D utch ▁Cal vin ist ▁and ▁Re formed ▁the olog ians ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Dr achten ▁Category : V ri je ▁Univers ite it ▁Amsterdam ▁faculty <0x0A> </s> ▁Aleks and r ▁Vlad im iro v ich ▁Za ik in ▁( ; ▁born ▁ 1 5 ▁January ▁ 1 9 8 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Russian ▁professional ▁football ▁player . ▁He ▁plays ▁for ▁FC ▁K ub an ▁Hold ing ▁Pav lov sk aya . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : Foot ball ers ▁from ▁Moscow ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : R ussian ▁football ers ▁Category : R ussian ▁Premier ▁League ▁players ▁Category : FC ▁D ynam o ▁Moscow ▁players ▁Category : FC ▁O limp ia ▁Vol g og rad ▁players ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁mid field ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁for wards ▁Category : FC ▁Pet rot rest ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Sz ék ely sz ab ar ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Bar anya ▁county , ▁Hung ary . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Street ▁map ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Bar anya ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Ed ith ▁K iert z ner ▁He ath ▁( May ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁ ▁– ▁December ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 5 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁studio ▁pot ter ▁and ▁founder ▁of ▁He ath ▁Cer am ics . ▁The ▁company , ▁well ▁known ▁for ▁its |
▁mid - century ▁modern ▁cer amic ▁table ware , ▁including ▁" He ath ware ," ▁and ▁architect ural ▁tiles , ▁is ▁still ▁operating ▁in ▁S aus al ito , ▁California , ▁after ▁being ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 . ▁ ▁Life ▁and ▁work ▁ ▁K ierz ner ▁was ▁born ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁in ▁I da ▁Gro ve , ▁Iowa , ▁forty ▁miles ▁east ▁of ▁Si oux ▁City , ▁Iowa , ▁to ▁Dan ish ▁immigrants ▁N ils ▁and ▁Kar oline ▁K ierz ner . ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 1 , ▁K ierz ner ▁en rolled ▁at ▁the ▁Chicago ▁Normal ▁School , ▁later ▁renamed ▁Chicago ▁Te achers ▁College , ▁and ▁graduated ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 4 . ▁She ▁en rolled ▁part - time ▁at ▁the ▁Art ▁Institute ▁of ▁Chicago ▁after ▁gradu ation ▁taking ▁her ▁first ▁cer amic ▁course . ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 8 , ▁Ed ith ▁married ▁Brian ▁He ath . ▁Rel oc ating ▁to ▁San ▁Francisco , ▁Ed ith ▁accepted ▁a ▁position ▁ ▁as ▁an ▁art ▁teacher ▁at ▁the ▁Pres id io ▁Hill ▁School ▁and ▁aud ited ▁classes ▁at ▁the ▁California ▁School ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts . ▁She ▁developed ▁a ▁clay ▁body ▁in ▁these ▁classes ▁which ▁she ▁adapted ▁many ▁times ▁for ▁her ▁production ▁work . ▁Not ▁being ▁able ▁to ▁have ▁as ▁much ▁access ▁to ▁the ▁pot tery ▁equipment , ▁Ed ith ▁purs ued ▁her ▁cer amic ▁interests ▁on ▁her ▁own ▁conver ting ▁a ▁t read le ▁se wing ▁machine ▁into |
▁a ▁pot tery ▁wheel . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁she ▁studied ▁e ut ect ics ▁with ▁Will ard ▁K ahn ▁through ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁California ▁extension ▁courses . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁her ▁first ▁major ▁show ▁was ▁at ▁the ▁California ▁Palace ▁of ▁the ▁Leg ion ▁of ▁Honor . ▁She ▁also ▁participated ▁in ▁the ▁S yr ac use ▁Cer amic ▁Nation als . ▁ ▁A ▁buyer ▁from ▁San ▁Francisco ▁retail er ▁G umps ▁approached ▁Ed ith ▁to ▁supply ▁their ▁store ▁with ▁her ▁high ▁quality ▁hand - th rown ▁pot tery ▁using ▁the ▁company ' s ▁pot tery ▁studio . ▁ ▁She ▁accepted ▁the ▁opportunity , ▁while ▁continuing ▁to ▁work ▁in ▁her ▁own ▁studio . ▁Major ▁retail ers ▁began ▁to ▁order ▁table ware , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁she ▁opened ▁He ath ▁Cer am ics ▁in ▁S aus al ito , ▁California . ▁By ▁ 1 9 4 9 , ▁He ath ▁was ▁producing ▁ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁pieces ▁a ▁year . ▁ ▁He ath ▁Cer am ics ▁was ▁purchased ▁by ▁Robin ▁Pet rav ic ▁and ▁Catherine ▁Ba iley ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁Ed ith ▁He ath ▁died ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁at ▁her ▁home ▁in ▁Tib ur on , ▁California . ▁ ▁Table ware ▁ ▁Ed ith ▁He ath ' s ▁" C ou pe " ▁line ▁remains ▁in ▁demand ▁and ▁has ▁been ▁in ▁constant ▁production ▁since ▁ 1 |
9 4 8 , ▁with ▁periodic ▁changes ▁to ▁the ▁texture ▁and ▁color ▁of ▁the ▁gl az es . ▁ ▁Other ▁He ath ▁pot tery ▁lines ▁include ▁" R im ," ▁designed ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁and ▁" Pl aza ," ▁designed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁ ▁Architect ural ▁tile ▁ ▁The ▁Pas ad ena ▁Art ▁Museum , ▁now ▁the ▁Nort on ▁Simon ▁Museum , ▁in ▁Pas ad ena , ▁California ▁and ▁designed ▁by ▁Pas ad ena ▁architect s ▁Thor nt on ▁L add ▁and ▁John ▁K else y ▁of ▁the ▁firm ▁' L add ▁+ ▁K else y ' ▁used ▁the ▁architect ural ▁tiles . ▁The ▁distinctive ▁and ▁modern ▁cur vil ine ar ▁exterior ▁fac ade ▁is ▁faced ▁in ▁ 1 1 5 , 0 0 0 ▁gl azed ▁tiles , ▁in ▁varying ▁brown ▁t ones ▁with ▁an ▁und ulating ▁surface , ▁made ▁by ▁Ed ith ▁He ath . ▁They ▁are ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁back drop ▁many ▁see ▁when ▁viewing ▁the ▁New ▁Year ' s ▁Rose ▁Par ade . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Kl aus ner , ▁Am os . ▁He ath ▁Cer am ics , ▁The ▁Complex ity ▁of ▁Sim plicity . ▁Chron icle ▁Books ▁LLC , ▁San ▁Francisco ▁( 2 0 0 6 ) ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁He ath ▁Cer am ics ▁K C ET . org ▁video : ▁He ath ▁Cer am ics ▁- ▁The ▁Making ▁of ▁a ▁California ▁Classic ▁ ▁Category : American ▁cer am ists ▁Category |
: American ▁pot ters ▁Category : American ▁industrial ▁designers ▁Category : W omen ▁pot ters ▁Category : 1 9 1 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 5 ▁deaths ▁Category : Cal ifornia ▁people ▁in ▁design ▁Category : American ▁designers ▁Category : American ▁women ▁cer am ists ▁Category : D inner ware ▁designers ▁Category : Art ists ▁from ▁the ▁San ▁Francisco ▁Bay ▁Area ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Tib ur on , ▁California ▁Category : People ▁from ▁S aus al ito , ▁California ▁Category : Mod ern ist ▁architecture ▁in ▁California ▁Category : C er am ics ▁manufacturers ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁artists ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁cer am ists ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁women ▁artists <0x0A> </s> ▁Robert ▁William ▁Chap man ▁( 5 ▁October ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁in ▁E skb ank , ▁Scotland ▁– ▁ 2 0 ▁April ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁in ▁Oxford ), ▁usually ▁known ▁in ▁print ▁as ▁R . ▁W . ▁Chap man , ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁scholar , ▁book ▁col lector ▁and ▁editor ▁of ▁the ▁works ▁of ▁Samuel ▁Johnson ▁and ▁Jane ▁Aust en . ▁ ▁Life ▁ ▁Chap man ▁was ▁the ▁youngest ▁of ▁six ▁children ▁born ▁to ▁an ▁Ang lic an ▁cl erg yman , ▁who ▁died ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁three ▁years ▁old . ▁He ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁the ▁High ▁School ▁of ▁D und ee , ▁St ▁Andrew s ▁University ▁and ▁O riel ▁College , ▁Oxford , ▁where ▁he ▁graduated |
▁with ▁a ▁First ▁in ▁class ics ▁and ▁human ities . ▁He ▁worked ▁as ▁assistant ▁to ▁the ▁secretary ▁of ▁the ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁he ▁married ▁K atherine ▁Mar ion ▁Met cal fe , ▁an ▁English ▁tut or ▁at ▁Som erv ille ▁College . ▁Chap man ▁did ▁military ▁service ▁in ▁Sal on ika ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁I , ▁managing ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁works ▁of ▁Johnson ▁there ▁and ▁continue ▁to ▁write ▁for ▁the ▁Times ▁Liter ary ▁Supp lement . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁war ▁Chap man ▁would ▁remain ▁in ▁Oxford ▁until ▁his ▁death . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁he ▁succeeded ▁Charles ▁Cann an ▁as ▁secretary ▁of ▁the ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press . ▁He ▁played ▁a ▁part ▁in ▁producing ▁the ▁Oxford ▁English ▁Dictionary , ▁combining ▁editorial ▁and ▁administrative ▁respons ibilities ▁at ▁the ▁press . ▁ ▁Although ▁Chap man ▁is ▁generally ▁cred ited ▁as ▁the ▁scholar ▁who ▁established ▁Aust en ’ s ▁canonical ▁status ▁in ▁the ▁twentieth ▁century , ▁his ▁wife ▁played ▁a ▁key ▁role ▁in ▁ign iting ▁his ▁interest ▁in ▁book ▁collecting ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Jane ▁Aust en ’ s ▁works . ▁He ▁himself ▁cited ▁her ▁ant iqu arian ▁interests ▁as ▁the ▁inspiration ▁of ▁his ▁book ▁collecting ▁career , ▁and ▁her ▁ed itions ▁of ▁Pr ide ▁and ▁Pre jud ice ▁and ▁North anger ▁Ab bey ▁both ▁preced ed ▁Chap man ’ s ▁own . ▁Her ▁contribution ▁to ▁his ▁work ▁is ▁self - ev ident ▁in ▁her ▁ub iqu it ous ▁hand writing ▁in ▁the ▁Chap man |
▁arch ives . ▁However , ▁Chap man ’ s ▁own ▁negl ig ence ▁in ▁acknowled ging ▁his ▁wife ’ s ▁contribution ▁to ▁his ▁Jane ▁Aust en ▁edition ▁caused ▁her ▁work ▁to ▁go ▁unc red ited ▁until ▁later ▁scholars ▁such ▁as ▁David ▁Gil son , ▁Kath ry n ▁S uther land , ▁and ▁Jan ine ▁B arch as ▁proved ▁otherwise . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁Chap man ▁produced ▁an ▁edition ▁of ▁five ▁novels ▁of ▁Jane ▁Aust en ; ▁further ▁Aust en ▁mis cell ane a ▁were ▁published ▁separately ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 0 s ▁before ▁being ▁collected ▁together ▁as ▁a ▁sixth ▁volume , ▁Minor ▁Works , ▁of ▁The ▁Nov els ▁of ▁Jane ▁Aust en . ▁He ▁also ▁edited ▁( 1 9 3 2 ) ▁Aust en ' s ▁correspondence , ▁though ▁this ▁involved ▁him ▁in ▁some ▁controversy ▁with ▁Aust en ' s ▁critics . ▁ ▁After ▁retirement ▁from ▁the ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁Chap man ▁worked ▁on ▁" what ▁many ▁consider ▁his ▁greatest ▁accompl ishment ": ▁a ▁three - volume ▁edition ▁( 1 9 5 2 ) ▁of ▁Samuel ▁Johnson ' s ▁letters . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁Chap man ▁rejected ▁the ▁authentic ity ▁of ▁the ▁Rice ▁portrait ▁of ▁Jane ▁Aust en ▁based ▁on ▁costume ▁evidence . ▁ ▁Works ▁▁ ▁Names , ▁Design ations ▁and ▁App ell ations , ▁ 1 9 4 6 , ▁SPE ▁T ract ▁No ▁X |
L V II ▁ ▁The ▁Port rait ▁of ▁a ▁Sch olar ▁and ▁Other ▁Ess ays ▁Wr itten ▁in ▁M aced onia ▁ 1 9 1 6 - 1 9 1 8 , ▁London : ▁H umph rey ▁Mil ford , ▁Oxford ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁ ▁( ed .) ▁The ▁Nov els ▁of ▁Jane ▁Aust en : ▁The ▁Text ▁Based ▁on ▁Coll ation ▁of ▁the ▁Early ▁Ed itions , ▁ 5 ▁vol s , ▁Oxford : ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 2 3 ; ▁rev ised , ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁ ▁( ed .) ▁Jane ▁Aust en ' s ▁Let ters ▁to ▁Her ▁Sister ▁Cass andra ▁and ▁Others , ▁ 2 ▁vol s , ▁Oxford : ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 3 2 ; ▁rev ised , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁ ▁( ed .) ▁The ▁Let ters ▁of ▁Samuel ▁Johnson : ▁With ▁Mrs ▁Th rale ' s ▁G enu ine ▁Let ters ▁to ▁Him , ▁ 3 ▁vol s , ▁Oxford : ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁ ▁( rev . ▁and ▁en larg ed ) ▁Ann als ▁of ▁English ▁literature , ▁ 1 4 7 5 - 1 9 5 0 ; ▁the ▁principal ▁publications ▁of ▁each ▁year , ▁together ▁with ▁an ▁al phabet ical ▁index ▁of ▁authors ▁with ▁their ▁works , ▁by ▁J . ▁C . ▁Gh osh ▁& ▁E . ▁G . ▁With y com be , ▁Oxford |
: ▁Cl are nd on ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁deaths ▁Category : B rit ish ▁book ▁and ▁manuscript ▁collect ors ▁Category : B rit ish ▁book ▁ed itors ▁Category : People ▁educated ▁at ▁the ▁High ▁School ▁of ▁D und ee ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁O riel ▁College , ▁Oxford ▁Category : B rit ish ▁bibli ograph ers ▁Category : Cont ribut ors ▁to ▁the ▁Oxford ▁English ▁Dictionary ▁Category : J ane ▁Aust en ▁scholars ▁Category : Sam uel ▁Johnson ▁scholars <0x0A> </s> ▁Core th r arch a ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁m oth s ▁belonging ▁to ▁the ▁sub family ▁O le th re ut ina e ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁T ort ric idae . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁T ort ric idae ▁gener a ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : T ort ric idae ▁gener a ▁Category : O le th re ut ina e <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Men ' s ▁ 1 0 0 ▁met re ▁fre estyle ▁S 1 3 ▁event ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Par al ym pic ▁Games ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁at ▁the ▁Olympic ▁Aqu at ics ▁Stadium . ▁Three ▁he ats ▁were ▁held . ▁The ▁sw imm ers ▁with ▁the ▁eight ▁fastest ▁times ▁advanced ▁to ▁the ▁final . ▁ ▁He ats ▁ ▁Heat ▁ 1 ▁▁ 1 |
0 : 5 7 ▁ 1 6 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 6 : ▁ ▁Heat ▁ 2 ▁▁ 1 1 : 0 0 ▁ 1 6 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 6 : ▁ ▁Heat ▁ 3 ▁▁ 1 1 : 0 3 ▁ 1 6 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 6 : ▁ ▁Final ▁▁ 1 9 : 2 4 ▁ 1 6 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 6 : ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Category : Sw im ming ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Summer ▁Par al ym p ics <0x0A> </s> ▁Claude ▁Pro s per ▁J oly ot ▁de ▁Cr é b illon ▁( F ebru ary ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 7 0 7 ▁– ▁April ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 1 7 7 7 ), ▁called ▁" C ré b illon ▁fils " ▁( to ▁distinguish ▁him ▁from ▁his ▁father ), ▁was ▁a ▁French ▁novel ist . ▁ ▁Born ▁in ▁Paris , ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁a ▁famous ▁traged ian , ▁Pro s per ▁J oly ot ▁de ▁Cr é b illon . ▁ ▁He ▁received ▁a ▁Jes uit ▁education ▁at ▁the ▁elite ▁Ly c ée ▁Louis - le - Gr and . ▁Early ▁on ▁he ▁composed ▁various ▁light ▁works , ▁including ▁plays ▁for ▁the ▁Italian ▁Theatre ▁in ▁Paris , ▁and ▁published ▁a ▁short ▁tale ▁called ▁Le ▁S yl p he ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 0 . ▁From ▁ 1 7 2 9 ▁to ▁ 1 7 3 9 ▁he ▁participated ▁in ▁a ▁series |
▁of ▁d inners ▁called ▁ ▁" Le ▁C ave au " ▁( named ▁after ▁the ▁cab aret ▁where ▁they ▁were ▁held ) ▁with ▁other ▁artists , ▁including ▁Alex is ▁P iron , ▁Charles ▁Coll é , ▁and ▁Charles ▁Du clos . ▁ ▁The ▁publication ▁of ▁T anza ï ▁et ▁N ead ar ne , ▁hist oire ▁jap ona ise ▁( 1 7 3 4 ), ▁which ▁contained ▁thin ly ▁ve iled ▁attacks ▁on ▁the ▁Pap al ▁bull ▁Un igen it us , ▁the ▁card inal ▁de ▁Roh an ▁and ▁others , ▁landed ▁him ▁briefly ▁in ▁the ▁prison ▁at ▁V inc ennes . ▁His ▁novel ▁Les ▁É g are ments ▁du ▁c œur ▁et ▁de ▁l ' es prit ▁was ▁published ▁between ▁ 1 7 3 6 ▁and ▁ 1 7 3 8 ▁and ▁was , ▁although ▁he ▁continued ▁to ▁edit ▁it ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 8 , ▁never ▁finished . ▁Public ation ▁of ▁Le ▁S op ha , ▁con te ▁moral , ▁an ▁er otic ▁political ▁sat ire , ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 2 ▁forced ▁him ▁into ▁ex ile ▁from ▁Paris ▁for ▁several ▁months . ▁ ▁Around ▁ 1 7 4 4 ▁he ▁entered ▁into ▁a ▁romantic ▁l ia ison ▁with ▁Lady ▁Hen riet ta ▁Maria ▁Staff ord , ▁daughter ▁of ▁a ▁Jacob ite ▁chamber l ain , ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁married ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 8 . ▁A ▁son ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 6 ▁and ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 0 . ▁Despite ▁financial ▁hard |
ship , ▁they ▁lived ▁together ▁until ▁her ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 5 . ▁Meanwhile , ▁he ▁published ▁La ▁N uit ▁et ▁le ▁moment ▁( 1 7 4 5 ), ▁Ah ! ▁quel ▁con te ! ▁and ▁Les ▁He ure ux ▁Or p hel ins ▁( 1 7 5 4 ). ▁In her iting ▁nothing ▁from ▁Henri ette , ▁he ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁sell ▁his ▁large ▁library ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 7 ▁and ▁eventually ▁found ▁steady ▁income ▁as ▁a ▁royal ▁c ensor ▁( like ▁his ▁father ) ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 9 . ▁In ▁ 1 7 6 8 ▁and ▁ 1 7 7 2 ▁he ▁published ▁his ▁last ▁two ▁novels , ▁L ett res ▁de ▁la ▁du ches se ▁de ▁*** ▁au ▁du c ▁de ▁*** ▁and ▁L ett res ▁ath én ien nes . ▁ ▁Works ▁▁ ▁Le ▁S yl p he ▁ou ▁Son ge ▁de ▁Mad ame ▁de ▁R ** *. ▁É crit ▁par ▁elle - même ▁à ▁Mad ame ▁de ▁S *** ▁( 1 7 3 0 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) ▁ ▁L ett res ▁de ▁la ▁mar qu ise ▁de ▁M *** ▁au ▁com te ▁de ▁R *** ▁( 1 7 3 2 ) ▁ ▁T anza ï ▁et ▁N é ad arn é ▁( inc or rect ly ▁known ▁as ▁L ' É c um oire , ▁hist oire ▁jap ona ise ) ▁( 1 7 3 4 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) |
▁ ▁Les ▁É g are ments ▁du ▁c œur ▁et ▁de ▁l ' es prit ▁ou ▁M ém o ires ▁de ▁M . ▁de ▁Me il c our ▁( 1 7 3 6 – 1 7 3 8 ) ▁ ▁Le ▁S op ha , ▁con te ▁moral ▁( 1 7 4 2 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) ▁ ▁Le ▁dialogue ▁des ▁mort s ▁( 1 7 4 5 ) ▁ ▁Les ▁am ours ▁de ▁Z é ok inis ul , ▁roi ▁des ▁K of ir ans ▁( 1 7 4 6 ) ▁( auth orship ▁disput ed ) ▁ ▁Ah ▁quel ▁con te ▁! ▁Con te ▁politique ▁et ▁astronom ique ▁( 1 7 5 4 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) ▁ ▁Les ▁He ure ux ▁Or p hel ins , ▁hist oire ▁im it ée ▁de ▁l ' ang l ais ▁( 1 7 5 4 ) ▁ ▁La ▁N uit ▁et ▁le ▁moment ▁ou ▁les ▁mat ines ▁de ▁Cy th ère ▁: ▁dialogue ▁( 1 7 5 5 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) ▁ ▁Le ▁Has ard ▁du ▁coin ▁du ▁fe u . ▁Dialog ue ▁moral ▁( 1 7 6 3 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) ▁ ▁L ett res ▁de ▁la ▁Du ches se ▁de ▁*** ▁au ▁du c ▁de ▁*** ▁( 1 7 6 8 ) ▁( full ▁text ▁in ▁French ▁on ▁Gall ica ) ▁ ▁L ett res |
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