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▁section ▁" De uts ches ▁Jung vol k " ▁for ▁ages ▁ 1 0 – 1 4 ; ▁and ▁the ▁girls ' ▁section ▁" B und ▁Deutsch er ▁M ä del " ▁( B DM ). ▁ ▁Hit lers ä ge ▁– ▁" Hit ler ▁saw ", ▁nick name ▁of ▁the ▁M G 4 2 ▁machine ▁gun . ▁Also ▁named ▁" Sing ende ▁S ä ge " ▁( sing ing ▁saw ), ▁" K noc hens ä ge " ▁( bone ▁saw ) ▁or ▁" Hit lers ense " ▁( Hit ler ▁sc y the ) ▁ ▁H J - F ahr ten m esser ▁( Hit ler ▁Youth ▁knife ) ▁– ▁common ▁d agger ▁spec ially ▁designed ▁for ▁the ▁Hitler ▁Jug end . ▁ ▁H J - Sp ät les e ▁– ▁nick name ▁for ▁the ▁Vol ks st urm . ▁ ▁Hö cker hind ern isse ▁– ▁anti - t ank ▁obst acles ▁often ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁" Dr agon ' s ▁Te eth ". ▁ ▁Ho he its ab ze ichen ▁– ▁national ▁ins ign ia ▁e . g . ▁on ▁a ▁tank ▁or ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁Ho hent w iel ▁– ▁Fu G ▁ 2 0 0 ▁U H F - band ▁( 5 0 0 M Hz ) ▁mar itime ▁patrol ▁air borne ▁radar ▁gear . ▁ ▁Hub sch ra uber ▁– ▁helic opter . ▁ ▁H uf b esch l ags ch m ied , ▁far rier . ▁ ▁Hum mel ▁– ▁" bum ble - |
bee "; ▁nick name ▁for ▁a ▁piece ▁of ▁mobile ▁artillery . ▁ ▁H und eh üt te ▁– ▁literally , ▁" dog ▁house ", ▁punishment ▁h ut . ▁ ▁I ▁ ▁im ▁D ienst ▁( i . D .) ▁– ▁in ▁service . ▁ ▁Indian er ▁– ▁Indians . ▁Luft w affe ▁sl ang ▁for ▁an ▁enemy ▁fighter ▁( from ▁the ▁game ▁of ▁cow boys ▁and ▁Indians .) ▁ ▁Infan ter ie ▁( Inf .) ▁– ▁inf antry . ▁ ▁In hab er ▁der ▁B ef eh ls - ▁und ▁Kom mand og ew alt ▁( IB u K ) ▁– ▁commander - in - ch ief , ▁Minister ▁of ▁Def ence ▁( pe ac etime ) ▁or ▁Federal ▁Ch ancell or ▁( wart ime ) ▁ ▁Ist st är ke ▁– ▁actual ▁strength ▁( comp ared ▁to ▁S oll - St är ke ) ▁ ▁I wan ▁– ▁German ▁sl ang ▁for ▁a ▁Soviet ▁soldier ▁( sim ilar ▁to ▁" J erry " ▁or ▁" K ra ut ", ▁the ▁British ▁and ▁American ▁sl ang ▁terms ▁for ▁Germans ). ▁ ▁J ▁ ▁J ab o ▁( J ag db om ber ) ▁– ▁fighter - b om ber . ▁ ▁Jag d gesch w ader ▁( J G ) ▁– ▁single - engine ▁fighter ▁wing / group , ▁literally ▁hunting ▁squad ron . ▁ ▁Jag d pan zer ▁– ▁" h unting ▁tank "; ▁arm oured ▁cas em ate - style ▁self - prop elled ▁tank ▁destroy er . ▁ ▁Jag d |
- K omm ando ▁– ▁" h unting ▁comm ando "; ▁generally ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁comm ando ▁outfit ▁that ▁remained ▁behind ▁enemy ▁lines ▁when ▁an ▁area ▁was ▁over run ▁and ▁would ▁carry ▁out ▁sab ot age ▁and ▁other ▁gu err illa ▁actions . ▁These ▁units ▁did ▁not ▁generally ▁operate ▁as ▁such ▁and ▁were ▁later ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁the ▁SS ▁and ▁used ▁as ▁front line ▁combat ▁troops ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 - 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁J äger ▁– ▁[ 1 ] ▁light ▁inf antry ; ▁used ▁alone ▁or ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁special ty ▁such ▁as ▁Geb ir gs j äger ▁or ▁Fall sch irm j äger . ▁[ 2 ] ▁F ighter ▁Air plane . ▁The ▁root ▁Jag d - ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁its ▁literal ▁meaning ▁of ▁" h unter " ▁for ▁weapon ▁systems ▁such ▁Jag dt iger . ▁ ▁ja wo hl ▁– ▁simply ▁the ▁word ▁" yes " ▁with ▁the ▁em ph atic ▁" wo hl ", ▁which ▁one ▁might ▁translate ▁as ▁" Yes , ▁indeed ! ", ▁" A ye , ▁a ye , ▁sir !" ▁or ▁" Abs olutely ▁yes !" ▁W id ely ▁used ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁J unk ers ch ule ▁– ▁SS ▁officer ▁academ y . ▁ ▁K ▁ ▁" K acz mare k " ▁– ▁wing man ▁ ▁K ada ver ge h ors am ▁– ▁" absolute ▁duty ▁and ▁blind ▁ob ed ience ▁till ▁death ."; ▁lit .: ▁" c arc ass ▁ob ed ience |
" ▁ ▁Kaiser liche ▁Marine ▁( K M ) ▁– ▁Imperial ▁German ▁Navy ▁ ▁Kaiser licher ▁Y acht - Cl ub ▁( K Y C ) ▁– ▁Imperial ▁Y acht ▁Club ▁ ▁K amer ad schaft ▁– ▁small ▁military ▁unit , ▁or ▁phrase ▁for ▁" com rade ▁support ▁amongst ▁soldiers " ▁( see ▁Vol kg eme ins chaft ). ▁ ▁Kamp f ▁– ▁struggle , ▁fight ▁or ▁conflict . ▁ ▁Kamp fe ins itzer ▁Kom m ando ▁( KE K ), ▁the ▁first ▁specialist , ▁single - se at ▁armed ▁sc out / fig h ter ▁units ▁of ▁the ▁Fl ie ger tr up pe ▁predecess or ▁of ▁the ▁Luft stre it kr ä fte , ▁first ▁formed ▁by ▁Ins pe ktor - M ajor ▁Friedrich ▁St emp el ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁and ▁the ▁direct ▁predecess or ▁units ▁to ▁the ▁Jag dst aff eln ▁fighter ▁squad ron ▁units ▁first ▁formed ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁summer ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 6 . ▁ ▁Kamp ff l otte ▁– ▁battle ▁fleet . ▁ ▁Kamp f ge ist ▁– ▁fighting ▁spirit . ▁ ▁Kamp f gesch w ader ▁( K G ) ▁– ▁bom ber ▁wing ▁( US AA F ▁practice )/ group ▁( RA F ▁practice ) ▁ ▁Kamp fg ruppe — 1 . ▁an ▁Army ▁batt leg roup ▁or ▁task ▁force ; ▁formal ▁design ation ▁of ▁an ▁ad ▁h oc ▁task ▁force , ▁or ▁inform al ▁term ▁for ▁a ▁combat ▁unit ▁at ▁greatly ▁reduced ▁strength . ▁ 2 . |
▁In ▁the ▁Luft w affe , ▁a ▁bom ber ▁unit ▁equivalent ▁to ▁a ▁US / F rench ▁group ▁or ▁a ▁British ▁Commonwealth ▁wing . ▁ ▁Kamp fm esser ▁– ▁combat ▁knife . ▁ ▁Kamp f plan ▁– ▁battle ▁plan . ▁ ▁Kamp f sch w immer ▁– ▁fro g man . ▁ ▁Kamp f zone ▁– ▁battle ▁zone . ▁ ▁Kamp fw unde ▁– ▁battle ▁injury . ▁ ▁Kan one ▁– ▁gun ▁( as ▁opposed ▁to ▁a ▁how itzer ). ▁ ▁Kan on ier ▁– ▁gun ner ▁ ▁Kap it än ▁– ▁naval ▁rank ▁of ▁captain ; ▁in ▁full ▁Kap it än ▁zur ▁See ▁( K z S ▁or ▁K pt . z . S .) ▁; liter ally , ▁sea ▁captain . ▁Command ed ▁any ▁capital ▁ship . ▁ ▁Kap it än le ut nant ▁( K pt lt .) ▁– ▁naval ▁rank ▁of ▁lieutenant ▁commander ▁or ▁( liter ally ) ▁captain ▁lieutenant . ▁Off ic ers ▁of ▁this ▁rank ▁generally ▁command ▁small ▁vessels ▁such ▁as ▁U - bo ats ▁and ▁mines we ep ers . ▁The ▁rank ▁is ▁often ▁short ened ▁to ▁" K ale un ", ▁with ▁junior ▁officers ▁addressing ▁people ▁of ▁this ▁rank ▁as ▁" H err ▁K ale un ". ▁ ▁Kap it ulation ▁– ▁surrender . ▁ ▁Kap o ▁– ▁overse er , ▁N CO ▁( sl ). ▁Esp . ▁a ▁prisoner ▁who ▁acted ▁as ▁an ▁overse er ▁of ▁his ▁fellow ▁in mates ▁in ▁the ▁Nazi ▁concentration ▁camps ▁( see ▁Kon zent r ations l ager ). |
▁ ▁Kar bol - Tr än ke ▁– ▁field ▁dressing ▁station ▁ ▁K arten st elle ▁– ▁mapping ▁det achment , ▁normally ▁part ▁of ▁staff ▁company ▁of ▁a ▁division ▁or ▁higher ▁ ▁K aser ne ▁– ▁barr acks , ▁cas ern . ▁ ▁K av aller ie ▁( K av .) ▁– ▁caval ry . ▁ ▁K d E ▁– ▁ab bre vi ation ▁for ▁the ▁Kom m ande ur ▁der ▁Er prob ungs st ellen , ▁the ▁commander ▁of ▁all ▁German ▁military ▁av iation ▁test ▁facilities ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁an ▁office ▁held ▁by ▁Colonel ▁( O ber st ) ▁Ed gar ▁Peters en ▁late ▁in ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁K ess els ch l acht ▁– ▁lit . ▁" ca uld ron ▁battle " ▁enc ir c lement ▁often ▁short ened ▁to ▁K ess el ▁e . g . ▁" K ess el ▁von ▁St aling rad " ▁ ▁K ette ▁– ▁chain , ▁in ▁the ▁air ▁force ▁a ▁sub - unit ▁of ▁ 3 — 6 ▁aircraft ▁ ▁K et ten ▁– ▁chains , ▁chain - drive , ▁tracks ▁( e . g . ▁Pan zer ket ten ) ▁ ▁K et tenant rieb ▁– ▁track , ▁such ▁as ▁a ▁tank ▁track ; ▁track ed ▁vehicle . ▁ ▁K et ten hund ▁– ▁" ch ained ▁dog ", ▁sl ang ▁for ▁a ▁Military ▁Pol ic eman ▁( der ived ▁from ▁the ▁metal ▁g or get ▁worn ▁on ▁a ▁chain ▁around ▁the ▁neck ). ▁ ▁K et ten k raf |
tr ad ▁– ▁a ▁track ed ▁motor cycle ; ▁also ▁K et ten k rad . ▁ ▁Kind ers är ge ▁– ▁" children ' s ▁coff ins ", ▁sl ang ▁term ▁applied ▁to ▁small , ▁wooden ▁ant ip erson nel ▁box - min es . ▁ ▁K LA : ▁Krieg ss ch iff bau le hr ab teil ung ▁– ▁was ▁a ▁war ship - construction ▁training ▁division ▁that ▁super vised ▁a ▁Ba ub ele hr ung . ▁ ▁Kle ink amp f ver band ▁( K - Ver band ) ▁– ▁special ▁naval ▁operations ▁unit , ▁compr ising ▁a ▁few ▁fro g men . ▁ ▁Kle ink rieg ▁– ▁gu err illa ▁war . ▁ ▁K nic ke be in ▁– ▁" cro oked ▁leg ", ▁also ▁" b ent ▁leg " ▁( in ▁the ▁sense ▁of ▁" dog leg "); ▁German ▁navig ational ▁system ▁using ▁radio ▁be ams ▁to ▁guide ▁bom bers . ▁ ▁Kn oc hens am ml ung ▁– ▁gathering ▁the ▁bones ▁of ▁dead ▁soldiers . ▁ ▁K och gesch ir r ▁– ▁mess ▁tin ▁ ▁K off er ▁– ▁in ▁the ▁Bundes we hr ▁a ▁der og atory ▁term ▁for ▁a ▁raw ▁recruit ▁ ▁K off er , ▁sch wer er ▁– ▁large ▁cal ib re ▁shell , ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁British ▁coal ▁box ▁or ▁the ▁American ▁trash ▁can ▁ ▁Kol onne ▁– ▁column , ▁also ▁supply ▁units ▁( e . g . ▁le ichte ▁Infan ter ie - K ol onne ) ▁ ▁Kom mand anten |
- S chie ß le hr gang ▁– ▁U - boat ▁Commander ' s ▁Tor ped o ▁Course . ▁ ▁Kom m ando ▁( K do .) ▁– ▁command ; ▁det achment ; ▁detail . ▁ ▁Kom miss arb efe hl ▁– ▁the ▁not orious ▁ 6 ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁" Comm iss ar ▁Order " ▁to ▁kill ▁all ▁political ▁comm iss ars ▁in ▁the ▁Red ▁Army ▁and ▁civil ▁government . ▁ ▁Kom pan ie ▁( K p .) ▁– ▁company , ▁unit . ▁ ▁Kom pan ie che f ▁– ▁company ▁commander ▁ ▁Kom pan ief eld web el ▁– ▁company ▁first ▁ser ge ant ▁ ▁Kom pan ief ühr er ▁– ▁substitute ▁company ▁commander ▁in ▁case ▁of ▁absence ▁or ▁if ▁the ▁‘ K om pan ie che f ▁’ ▁is ▁only ▁an ▁honor ary ▁function ▁( sim ilar ▁to ▁a ▁colon el - in - ch ief ) ▁ ▁Kom pan iet ru pp führ er ▁– ▁company ▁headquarters ▁section ▁leader ▁ ▁Kon ter ad m iral ▁– ▁naval ▁rank ▁of ▁rear ▁adm iral . ▁ ▁Kon zent r ations l ager ▁( K Z L ) ▁– ▁concentration ▁camp . ▁ ▁Kor vet ten kap it än ▁( K . K pt ) ▁– ▁naval ▁rank ▁of ▁( liter ally ) ▁" cor v ette ▁captain ". ▁The ▁grade ▁senior ▁to ▁Kap it än le ut nant ; ▁frequently ▁translated ▁as ▁either ▁lieutenant ▁commander ▁or ▁commander . ▁Typ ically ▁commanded ▁a ▁destroy er . ▁ ▁K rad |
▁( K raft - Rad f ahr zeug ) ▁– ▁motor cycle ▁( dated ▁in ▁civil ▁use , ▁but ▁still ▁common ▁in ▁the ▁Bundes we hr ). ▁ ▁K rad - M el der ▁– ▁motor cycle ▁dispatch ▁r ider ▁ ▁K rad sch üt ze ( n ) ▁– ▁motor cycle ▁unit ▁or ▁soldier . ▁ ▁K raft ▁– ▁strength . ▁ ▁K raf te i ▁– ▁literally ▁" power - eg g ", ▁used ▁both ▁for ▁the ▁unit ized ▁av iation ▁engine ▁installation ▁system ▁that ▁combined ▁all ▁major ▁engine ▁anc ill ary ▁components ▁( rad i ator , ▁oil ▁cool er , ▁etc .) ▁with ▁the ▁engine ▁itself , ▁into ▁a ▁single ▁inter change able ▁unit ▁for ▁ease ▁of ▁field ▁maintenance ▁and ▁rapid ▁replacement , ▁or ▁as ▁a ▁sl ang ▁term ▁for ▁the ▁short - f us el aged ▁Mess ers ch mitt ▁Me ▁ 1 6 3 ▁K omet ▁rock et ▁fighter . ▁ ▁Kr ank en station ▁– ▁sick ▁bay ▁of ▁a ▁ship . ▁ ▁Kr ank ent rä ger ▁– ▁stret cher ▁bear er ▁ ▁K ra ut ▁– ▁for ▁sau erk ra ut ; ▁sl ang ▁term ▁used ▁by ▁Americans ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁Germans . ▁ ▁Krieg ▁or ▁Krieg ( s )- ▁– ▁" war " ▁or ▁" wart ime - ". ▁ ▁Krieg ser le b nis ▁– ▁( my th ▁of ▁the ) ▁war ▁experience . ▁ ▁Krieg sf isch k utter ▁( K F K ) ▁– ▁patrol ▁vessels ▁constructed ▁to ▁a ▁fishing - |
v ess el ▁design ; ▁( see ▁Vor post en boot e ). ▁ ▁Krieg s flag ge ▁– ▁" war ▁ens ign "; ▁military ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁national ▁flag , ▁quarter ed ▁by ▁a ▁black ▁cross ▁with ▁an ▁Iron ▁Cross ▁in ▁the ▁cant on . ▁ ▁Krieg s ge fang ener ▁– ▁prisoner ▁of ▁war . ▁ ▁Krieg s ger icht ▁– ▁court - mart ial ; ▁sl ang ▁for ▁a ▁war ▁dish ▁or ▁poor ▁meal . ▁Also ▁" Mil it är ger icht ". ▁ ▁Krieg sm ar ine ▁– ▁German ▁Navy , ▁ 1 9 3 5 – 4 5 . ▁ ▁Krieg s ne uro se ▁– ▁battle ▁fat igue . ▁Mod . ▁post ▁tra um atic ▁stress ▁disorder . ▁ ▁Krieg s st är ken ach we is ungen ▁( K St N ) ▁– ▁the ▁German ▁equivalent ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁table ▁of ▁organization ▁and ▁equipment ▁( TO & E ) ▁or ▁the ▁British ▁war ▁establishment . ▁ ▁Krieg stage buch ▁– ▁war ▁diary . ▁ ▁K rim inal pol ize i ▁( K ri po ) ▁– ▁" C rim inal ▁Police " ▁– ▁in ▁Nazi ▁Germany , ▁it ▁became ▁the ▁national ▁Crim inal ▁( in vest ig ative ) ▁Police ▁Department ▁for ▁the ▁entire ▁Reich ▁in ▁July ▁ 1 9 3 6 . ▁It ▁was ▁merged , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁Gest ap o , ▁into ▁the ▁S icher heit sp ol ize i ▁( Si Po ). ▁Later , ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 9 , |
▁it ▁was ▁folded ▁into ▁the ▁R SHA . ▁ ▁K ru pp ▁( K p ) ▁– ▁famous ▁German ▁steel ▁producer , ▁manufactured ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁tanks , ▁how itz ers ▁and ▁heavy ▁mort ars , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁arm our ▁plates ▁for ▁battles hip s ▁( most ▁fam ously ▁the ▁B ism ar ck ). ▁ ▁K ru pp - D aim ler ▁( K D ) ▁– ▁see ▁K ru pp . ▁ ▁K ü bel ▁– ▁literally , ▁" bucket " ▁or ▁" t ub ", ▁short ▁for ▁K ü bel w agen , ▁open - top ped ▁military ▁utility ▁cars . ▁ ▁K ug el ▁– ▁" bullet " ▁( also ▁" ball "). ▁ ▁K ug elf est ▁– ▁bullet - proof . ▁ ▁K ug el bl itz ▁– ▁literally ▁" ball ▁lightning ", ▁fire ball . ▁ ▁K w K ▁– ▁ab bre vi ation ▁for ▁" K amp fw agen kan one ", ▁the ▁tur ret - mount ed ▁main ▁( c annon ) ▁arm ament ▁of ▁a ▁main ▁battle ▁tank . ▁ ▁L ▁ ▁L / ▁– ▁length ▁of ▁barrel ▁in ▁cal ib res ▁( For ▁example , ▁an ▁ 8 . 8 cm ▁L / 7 1 ▁gun ▁would ▁have ▁a ▁barrel ▁of ▁ 7 1 ▁x ▁ 8 . 8 cm ▁= ▁ 6 2 4 . 8 cm ▁long ) ▁ ▁L ades ch üt ze ▁– ▁loader ▁ ▁L ager ▁– ▁camp . ▁ ▁Land ek opf |
▁– ▁beach head . ▁ ▁La f ette ▁– ▁literally ▁" gun ▁mount ", ▁used ▁for ▁many ▁differ ing ▁artillery ▁car riages ▁and ▁for ▁man ned ▁and ▁remot ely ▁controlled ▁gun ▁tur ret ▁install ations ▁on ▁German ▁military ▁vehicles , ▁especially ▁on ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁Land r ats amt ▁– ▁civil ▁administration ▁office . ▁ ▁Land st urm ▁– ▁histor ically , ▁inf antry ▁of ▁non - prof ess ional ▁soldiers ; ▁a ▁kind ▁of ▁milit ia . ▁ ▁Land ser ▁– ▁historical ▁term ▁for ▁a ▁German ▁inf an tr yman ; ▁sl ang : ▁" Sch üt ze ▁Ar sch ". ▁ ▁Land we hr ▁– ▁Terr itor ial ▁Army , ▁a ▁type ▁of ▁milit ia . ▁ ▁Last ense g ler ▁– ▁cargo ▁gl ider ▁ ▁Lat r inen par ole ▁– ▁" lat r ine ▁talk ", ▁rum or . ▁ ▁la uf ende ▁Num mer ▁– ▁serial ▁number . ▁ ▁Lebens ra um ▁– ▁" l iving ▁space ", ▁or ▁in ▁Hitler - spe ak ▁the ▁minimum ▁space ▁the ▁German ▁people ▁needed ▁to ▁live ▁in . ▁ ▁Le hr ▁– ▁" d emon str ation "; ▁usually ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁an ▁elite ▁formation ▁used ▁as ▁or ▁mobil ized ▁from ▁instruction al ▁troops ▁( e . g ., ▁Pan zer - Le hr - Div ision ). ▁ ▁Le iber m uster ▁– ▁a ▁cam ou fl age ▁pattern . ▁ ▁le icht ▁– ▁" light ", ▁usually ▁to ▁refer ▁a ▁lighter ▁type , ▁such ▁as ▁light ▁tank |
: ▁le ich ter ▁Pan zer . ▁Several ▁classes ▁of ▁divisions ▁were ▁also ▁classified ▁as ▁" light ". ▁ ▁Leop ard ▁– ▁the ▁name ▁originally ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁P ors che - produ ced ▁V K ▁ 3 6 0 1 ( P ) ▁prototype ▁tank ▁h ull ▁design , ▁and ▁later ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁Federal ▁German ▁Republic ▁for ▁the ▁Leop ard ▁ 1 ▁and ▁Leop ard ▁ 2 ▁Bundes we hr ▁main ▁battle ▁tanks ▁in ▁service ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁into ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁century . ▁ ▁Le uch tp ist ole ▁– ▁fl are ▁pistol ▁ ▁Le ucht gesch oss / - gr an ate ▁– ▁star ▁shell ▁ ▁Le ut nant ▁– ▁army ▁rank , ▁equivalent ▁to ▁second ▁lieutenant ▁ ▁Le ut nant ▁zur ▁See ▁– ▁naval ▁rank , ▁equivalent ▁to ▁lieutenant , ▁junior ▁grade ▁ ▁L ichten stein ▁– ▁German ▁air borne ▁radar ▁used ▁for ▁night f ight ing , ▁in ▁early ▁U H F - band ▁BC ▁and ▁C - 1 ▁versions , ▁and ▁later ▁V H F - band ▁SN - 2 ▁and ▁SN - 3 ▁versions . ▁ ▁Loren z ▁Schl üss el z us atz ▁– ▁German ▁c ipher ▁machine . ▁ ▁Loren z ▁( navigation ) ▁– ▁pre - war ▁blind - land ing ▁aid ▁used ▁at ▁many ▁air ports . ▁Most ▁German ▁bom bers ▁had ▁the ▁radio ▁equipment ▁needed ▁to ▁use ▁it . ▁ ▁" Los !" ▁– ▁" Go !" ▁or ▁" A way !" ▁Also |
▁the ▁U - boat ▁command ▁to ▁fire ▁a ▁tor ped o ▁(" Fire ! ") ▁ ▁L uch s ▁– ▁" lyn x "; ▁nick name ▁given ▁to ▁the ▁Model ▁L ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Pan zer ▁II . ▁ ▁Le uch tk ug el ▁– ▁signal ▁fl are . ▁ ▁Luft ang r iff ▁– ▁air ▁attack , ▁air ▁raid . ▁ ▁Luft fl otte ▁– ▁lit . ▁air ▁fleet . ▁L arg est ▁sub - units ▁within ▁the ▁Luft w affe . ▁ ▁Luft sch utz ▁– ▁air ▁raid ▁protection ▁ ▁Luft w affe ▁– ▁" air ▁force "; ▁the ▁German ▁Air ▁Force . ▁ ▁Luft w aff en hel fer ▁– ▁" Lu ft w affe ▁assistant "; ▁see ▁F la K - H elf er . ▁ ▁Luft sch utz pol ize i ▁– ▁( Air ▁R aid ▁Protection ▁Police ) ▁ ▁was ▁the ▁civil ▁protection ▁service ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁air ▁raid ▁defence ▁and ▁rescue ▁victims ▁of ▁bomb ings ▁in ▁connection ▁with ▁the ▁Techn ische ▁N oth il fe ▁( Te chn ical ▁Emer gency ▁Service ) ▁and ▁the ▁Fe u ers ch utz pol ize i ▁( prof ess ional ▁fire ▁departments ). ▁Created ▁as ▁the ▁Security ▁and ▁Ass istance ▁Service ▁( S icher he its ▁und ▁Hil fs d ienst ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 , ▁it ▁was ▁renamed ▁" Lu ft sch utz pol ize i " ▁in ▁April ▁ 1 9 4 2 , ▁when ▁transferred ▁from ▁the ▁a eg is ▁of ▁Ministry ▁of |
▁A vi ation ▁to ▁the ▁Or dn ung sp ol ize i . ▁ ▁Luft stre it kr ä fte ▁– ▁originally ▁( Oct ober ▁ 1 9 1 6 ) ▁the ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁Imperial ▁German ▁Army ▁Air ▁Service ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I , ▁later ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁East ▁German ▁dedicated ▁air ▁arm . ▁ ▁M ▁ ▁Mannschaft en ▁– ▁en listed ▁personnel ▁ ▁Mas ch inen fab rik ▁Aug sburg - N ür n berg ▁( M . A . N .) ▁– ▁Aug sburg - N ure mber g ▁Machine ▁Factory ; ▁a ▁German ▁engineering ▁works ▁and ▁truck ▁manufacturer . ▁Now ▁called ▁M AN ▁AG , ▁and ▁primary ▁builder ▁of ▁the ▁Pan ther ▁tank . ▁ ▁Marine aus r ü st ungs st elle ▁( M ast .) ▁– ▁naval ▁equipment ▁store ▁ ▁Mas ch inen fab rik ▁N ied ers ach sen ▁Hann over ▁( M N H ) ▁– ▁weapon ▁( t ank ) ▁development ▁and ▁production ▁firm . ▁ ▁Mas ch in enge we hr ▁( MG ) ▁– ▁machine ▁gun , ▁as ▁in ▁the ▁M G 4 2 . ▁ ▁Mas ch in enge we hr sch üt ze ▁– ▁machine ▁gun ner ▁ ▁Mas ch inen kan one ▁( M K ) ▁– ▁an ▁aut oc annon ▁used ▁for ▁aircraft ▁arm ament , ▁as ▁with ▁the ▁M K ▁ 1 0 8 ▁ 3 0 mm ▁cal ib re ▁weapon . ▁ ▁Mas ch inen p ist ole ▁( MP ▁or ▁MP |
i ) ▁– ▁sub machine ▁gun , ▁as ▁in ▁the ▁MP 4 0 . ▁ ▁Mas ch ine ▁– ▁" machine ". ▁Common ly ▁used ▁as ▁air plane ▁or ▁engine . ▁ ▁Mask en ball ▁– ▁German ▁sl ang ▁for ▁fighting ▁with ▁NBC - prote ct ive ▁gear , ▁or ▁at ▁least ▁with ▁gas ▁mask ▁ ▁M ault ier ▁– ▁S d . K f z . ▁ 4 ▁half - track ▁truck , ▁German ▁for ▁m ule ▁ ▁M aus ▁– ▁" mouse "; ▁nick name ▁for ▁a ▁large , ▁P ors che - des igned ▁super - he avy ▁tank , ▁the ▁heav iest ▁tank ▁ever ▁actually ▁built ▁and ▁tested , ▁that ▁never ▁passed ▁beyond ▁prototype ▁stage . ▁ ▁May bach ▁( M ) ▁– ▁a ▁German ▁autom otive ▁and ▁engineering ▁company . ▁ ▁Mel der ▁– ▁runner ▁ ▁M eld ere iter ▁– ▁horse ▁des patch ▁r ider ▁ ▁Met ox ▁– ▁radar ▁warning ▁receiver ▁( named ▁for ▁manufacturer ) ▁fitted ▁to ▁U - bo ats ; ▁supers ed ed ▁by ▁N ax os - U ▁ ▁Mil ch ku h ▁– ▁" mil k ▁cow ", ▁nick name ▁for ▁the ▁Type ▁XIV ▁res upp ly ▁U - boat . ▁ ▁Mil it är ▁– ▁military . ▁ ▁Mil it är n ach richt end ienst ▁– ▁military ▁intelligence . ▁ ▁Mine ▁( pl . ▁Min en ) ▁– ▁an ▁anti - person nel , ▁tank ▁or ▁ship ▁mine . ▁ ▁Min ene ig ensch utz ▁( ME S ) |
▁– ▁ship ' s ▁de ga uss ing ▁cable ; ▁literally ▁" mine ▁self - prote ction ". ▁ ▁Min ens uch boot e ▁( M - bo ats ) ▁– ▁large ▁mines we ep ers . ▁ ▁Mi ß lie b ige ▁– ▁und es ir ables . ▁ ▁M itar be iter ▁– ▁assistant ▁cl erk ▁ ▁Mot ork an one ▁– ▁engine - mount ed ▁aut oc annon ▁arm ament ▁firing ▁through ▁a ▁hollow ▁prop eller ▁shaft ▁on ▁inline - eng ined ▁fighter ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁MP ( i ) ▁– ▁sub - machine ▁gun ▁ ▁M ör ser ▁– ▁mort ar ▁ ▁Mun itions kan on ier ▁– ▁am mun ition ▁handler ▁ ▁Mun itions sch le p per ▁– ▁am mun ition ▁carrier . ▁ ▁Mun itions sch üt ze ▁– ▁am mun ition ▁handler ▁ ▁M üt ze ▁– ▁cap ▁or ▁small ▁hat , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁M 4 3 ▁field ▁cap , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ein he its feld m üt ze . ▁ ▁N ▁ ▁Nach richt ( en ) ▁– ▁signals ▁/ ▁news ▁/ ▁communication , ▁also ▁intelligence . ▁ ▁Nach richt end ienst ▁– ▁intelligence ▁ ▁Nach richt en off iz ier ▁– ▁signals ▁officer ▁ ▁Nach richt ent ru ppen ▁– ▁Sign al ▁Corps . ▁ ▁Nach sch ub ▁– ▁supply ▁ ▁Nach sch ub tr upp en ▁– ▁supply ▁troops . ▁ ▁N acht ▁und ▁Neb el ▁– ▁" night ▁and ▁fog "; ▁code ▁for ▁some ▁prisoners ▁that ▁were ▁to |
▁be ▁dis posed ▁of , ▁leaving ▁no ▁traces ; ▁bei ▁N acht ▁und ▁Neb el ▁( idi om ) ▁– ▁secret ly ▁and ▁surprisingly , ▁at ▁dead ▁of ▁night . ▁ ▁N acht j ag d gesch w ader ▁( N J G ) ▁– ▁night - fig h ter ▁wing / group . ▁ ▁Nah kamp fm esser ▁– ▁close - com bat ▁fighting ▁knife . ▁ ▁Nah ver te id igung sw affe ▁– ▁" close ▁defense ▁weapon "; ▁an ▁attachment ▁to ▁P anz ers ▁to ▁combat ▁close - ass ault ing ▁inf antry . ▁ ▁Nash orn ▁– ▁" r hin oc eros ", ▁nick name ▁for ▁a ▁type ▁of ▁tank ▁destroy er . ▁ ▁National so zial ist ische ▁F ühr ung so ff izi ere ▁( NS FO ) ▁– ▁National ▁Social ist ▁Lead ership ▁Off ic ers . ▁ ▁N ax os ▁radar ▁detector ▁– ▁the ▁Fu G ▁ 3 5 0 ▁radar ▁detector ▁set ; ▁" N ax os ▁Z " ▁was ▁developed ▁for ▁night ▁fighters , ▁" N ax os ▁U ", ▁was ▁provided ▁to ▁U - bo ats , ▁to ▁locate ▁All ied ▁H 2 S ▁mic row ave - band ▁radar ▁transm issions , ▁not ▁able ▁to ▁detect ▁American ▁H 2 X ▁radar ▁gear . ▁ ▁Neb el wer fer ▁( N b . ▁W ) ▁– ▁" f og ▁throw er "; ▁rock et ▁artillery , ▁multi - bar rel ▁rock et ▁launch ers ▁that ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁for ▁smoke ▁or ▁high |
- expl os ive ▁project iles . ▁ ▁Ne pt un ▁radar ▁– ▁Low - to - mid ▁V H F ▁band ▁( 1 2 5 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 M Hz ) ▁air borne ▁inter cept ▁radar ▁for ▁night ▁fighter ▁aircraft , ▁to ▁take ▁the ▁place ▁of ▁the ▁L ichten stein ▁SN - 2 ▁unit , ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁comprom ised ▁by ▁July – Aug ust ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁Nieder lage ▁– ▁defeat . ▁ ▁" N icht ▁Sch i essen " ▁– ▁Don ' t ▁shoot ▁in ▁German ▁ ▁Nord en ▁– ▁north . ▁ ▁N ots ign al ▁– ▁distress ▁signal . ▁ ▁N SK K ▁– ▁the ▁National so zial ist isches ▁K raft f ahr erk or ps , ▁or ▁National ▁Social ist ▁Motor ▁Corps . ▁ ▁Num mer ▁( N r .) ▁– ▁" number "; ▁some ▁divis ional ▁organizations ▁with ▁a ▁unit ▁number ▁but ▁no ▁combat ▁assets , ▁often ▁converted ▁to ▁ordinary ▁divisions ▁later ▁on . ▁( E . g ., ▁Division ▁Nr . ▁ 1 5 7 .) ▁ ▁O ▁ ▁Ober - * ▁– ▁higher ; ▁part ▁of ▁several ▁military ▁ranks ▁and ▁titles ▁like ▁Ober le ut nant ▁and ▁" O ber kom m ando ". ▁ ▁Ober st ▁– ▁lit . ▁" Upper most " ▁or ▁" S eni orm ost ," ▁German ▁equivalent ▁of ▁a ▁Colonel . ▁ ▁Ober b efe hl sh ab er ▁des ▁He eres ▁( Ob . d . H .) ▁– |
▁Commander - in - Ch ief ▁of ▁the ▁Army . ▁ ▁Ober kom m ando ▁des ▁He eres ▁( OK H ) ▁– ▁" High ▁Command ▁of ▁the ▁Army " ▁and ▁Army ▁General ▁Staff ▁from ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁Ober kom m ando ▁der ▁Krieg sm ar ine ▁( OK M ) ▁– ▁" High ▁Command ▁of ▁the ▁( War ) ▁Navy ". ▁ ▁Ober kom m ando ▁der ▁Luft w affe ▁( OK L ) ▁– ▁" High ▁Command ▁of ▁the ▁Air ▁Force ". ▁ ▁Ober kom m ando ▁der ▁We h rm acht ▁( OK W ) ▁– ▁" High ▁Command ▁of ▁the ▁Ar med ▁Forces ". ▁The ▁OK W ▁replaced ▁the ▁War ▁Ministry ▁and ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁command ▁structure ▁of ▁the ▁armed ▁forces ▁of ▁Nazi ▁Germany . ▁ ▁Ober ste ▁He eres le itung ▁( O HL ) ▁– ▁" Sup reme ▁Army ▁Command ", ▁the ▁O HL ▁was ▁the ▁highest ▁level ▁of ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁De uts ches ▁He er . ▁ ▁Off iz ier ▁im ▁General st ab ▁– ▁General ▁Staff ▁officer ▁ ▁Off iz ier - L ager ▁( O flag ) ▁– ▁" off icer ▁camp "; ▁German ▁prisoner - of - war ▁camp ▁for ▁All ied ▁officers . ▁ ▁Or dn ung sp ol ize i ▁( Or po ) ▁– ▁" order ▁police " ▁– ▁the ▁regular ▁uniform ed ▁police ▁after ▁their ▁national ization ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 6 . |
▁ ▁Or don n anz off iz ier ▁– ▁a ide - de - camp ▁ ▁Orts kamp f ▁– ▁combat ▁in ▁towns , ▁urban ▁war fare . ▁ ▁O sten ▁– ▁east . ▁ ▁Ost front ▁– ▁eastern ▁front ▁( R ussian ▁Front ) ▁ ▁Ost jud en ▁– ▁eastern ▁Jews ▁in ▁Poland . ▁ ▁Ost mark ▁– ▁lit . ▁Eastern ▁march , ▁post - An sch luss ▁Austria . ▁ ▁Ost pre u ßen ▁– ▁province ▁of ▁East ▁Pr ussia . ▁ ▁P ▁ ▁Pan j ew agen ▁– ▁one - hor se ▁carriage . ▁ ▁Pan zer ▁– ▁" arm our "; ▁German ▁word ▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁Old ▁French ▁p anc ier , ▁meaning ▁" arm our ▁for ▁the ▁belly ". ▁It ▁can ▁refer ▁to ▁a ▁tank ▁( see ▁Pan zer kamp fw agen ▁below ) ▁or ▁to ▁an ▁arm oured ▁formation . ▁( Pan zer ▁Division ▁is ▁literally ▁" T ank ▁Division "; ▁the ▁ad ject ive ▁for ▁" arm oured " ▁is ▁gep anz ert .) ▁ ▁Pan zer ab we hr kan one ▁( P a K ) ▁– ▁anti - t ank ▁gun ; ▁literally , ▁" t ank ▁defence ▁can non ", ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁main ▁arm ament ▁for ▁a ▁typical ▁cas em ate ▁style ▁tur ret less ▁German ▁tank ▁destroy er . ▁ ▁Pan zer b efe hl sw agen ▁( P z . ▁B ef . W g ) ▁– ▁the ▁command ing ▁tank ▁of ▁any ▁pan zer ▁det achment ; ▁also |
▁used ▁of ▁purpose - built ▁command ▁tanks ▁with ▁extra ▁radio ▁gear . ▁ ▁Pan zer b ü ch se ▁– ▁anti - t ank ▁rifle ▁ ▁Pan zer b ü chs ensch üt ze ▁– ▁anti - t ank ▁rifle man ▁ ▁Pan zer fa ust ▁– ▁literally ▁" arm our ▁fist "; ▁a ▁light ▁dispos able ▁inf antry ▁anti - t ank ▁weapon , ▁a ▁small ▁rec o ill ess ▁gun ▁firing ▁a ▁fin - st abil ized ▁shaped ▁charge ▁gren ade , ▁and ▁a ▁for er un ner ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁R PG ▁( rock et - prop elled ▁gren ade ) ▁although ▁the ▁Pan zer fa ust ▁was ▁more ▁of ▁a ▁gren ade ▁launch er . ▁ ▁Pan zer führ er ▁– ▁tank ▁commander , ▁literally ▁" t ank ▁leader ". ▁ ▁Pan zer kom mand ant ▁– ▁tank ▁commander ▁ ▁P anz ers ch reck ▁– ▁literally ▁" arm our ▁terror ," ▁officially ▁R ak eten pan zer b ü ch se ▁" rock et ▁arm our ▁rifle ;" ▁a ▁heavy ▁re - us able ▁inf antry ▁anti - t ank ▁weapon ▁firing ▁a ▁rock et - prop elled ▁ 8 8 mm ▁shaped ▁charge ▁gren ade . ▁Also ▁called ▁Of en ro hr ▁(" st ove pipe ") ▁for ▁its ▁appearance . ▁ ▁Pan zer gren ad ier ▁– ▁mechan ized ▁inf antry ; ▁a ▁soldier ▁belonging ▁to ▁a ▁mechan ized ▁inf antry ▁unit . ▁ ▁Pan zer j äger ▁– ▁" t ank ▁hun ter ( s |
)", ▁anti - t ank ▁troops ; ▁also ▁used ▁by ▁extension ▁for ▁their ▁self - prop elled ▁tank ▁destroy ers ▁( e . g ., ▁the ▁Ele f ant ) ▁until ▁supers ed ed ▁by ▁the ▁Jag d pan zer ▁(" h unting ▁tank ") ▁term . ▁ ▁Pan zer kamp fw agen ▁( P zk pf w .) ▁– ▁" arm oured ▁fighting ▁vehicle "; ▁usually ▁a ▁reference ▁to ▁a ▁type ▁of ▁tank ▁with ▁a ▁ 3 6 0 ° ▁fully ▁rot ating ▁tur ret ▁for ▁the ▁main ▁arm ament . ▁ ▁P anz ers ch iffe ▁– ▁" arm oured ▁ships "; ▁i . e ., ▁" p ocket ▁battles hip s ". ▁ ▁Pan zer tr upp en ▁– ▁tank ▁forces . ▁ ▁Pap ier ▁– ▁paper . ▁Often ▁used ▁as ▁paper ▁of ▁identification . ▁ ▁Pap ier krieg ▁– ▁paper ▁war . ▁The ▁struggle ▁to ▁keep ▁up ▁with ▁reports ▁and ▁record ▁keeping ▁ ▁Parte i ▁– ▁political ▁party . ▁ ▁P au ke ▁P au ke ▁– ▁code ▁word ▁for ▁fighter ▁pilots ▁when ▁engaging ▁enemy ▁aircraft ▁( lit . ▁' K ett led rum s ') ▁ ▁P ion ier ▁( pl . ▁P ioni ere ) ▁– ▁combat ▁engineer . ▁ ▁Pl atten pan zer ▁– ▁plate ▁arm our . ▁ ▁Plan off iz ier ▁– ▁Tri ang ulation ▁officer ▁ ▁P ors che ▁( P ) ▁– ▁company ▁that ▁designed ▁and ▁produced ▁tanks ▁and ▁other ▁military ▁vehicles . ▁They ▁now ▁produce ▁cars . ▁ ▁Pro t ze |
▁– ▁lim ber , ▁a ▁horse - d rawn ▁two - wheel ▁char iot ▁that ▁was ▁hit ched ▁before ▁a ▁gun ▁and ▁usually ▁transport ed ▁m un itions ▁and ▁crew . ▁The ▁term ▁der ives ▁from ▁the ▁Italian ▁" b ir azzo ", ▁a ▁two - whe eled ▁cart . ▁ ▁P utsch ▁– ▁coup ▁d ' ét at ; ▁the ▁sudden ▁over throw ▁of ▁a ▁government ▁by ▁a ▁small ▁group , ▁usually ▁the ▁military . ▁ ▁Py rr h uss ieg ▁– ▁Py rr h ic ▁victory . ▁ ▁Q ▁ ▁Qu art ier me ister ▁– ▁quarter master ▁ ▁Qu ist ▁– ▁one ▁of ▁several ▁manufacturers ▁of ▁German ▁hel m ets ▁both ▁during ▁and ▁after ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁R ▁ ▁Rad ik ale ▁Nieder wer f ung ▁– ▁r uth less ▁supp ression . ▁ ▁R ä umb oot ▁( R - boot ) ▁– ▁small ▁motor ▁mines we eper . ▁ ▁R as put its a ▁– ▁semi - ann ual ▁mud - season ▁in ▁Eastern ▁Europe ▁ ▁Reg ierung ▁– ▁government . ▁ ▁Reg iments adj ut ant ▁– ▁reg iment ▁adj ut ant ▁ ▁Reg iments ar zt ▁– ▁Reg imental ▁Medical ▁Officer ▁ ▁Reg iments che f ▁– ▁colon el ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment ▁ ▁Reg iments führ er ▁– ▁substitute ▁for ▁the ▁colon el ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment ▁ ▁Reg iments kom m ande ur ▁– ▁commander ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment ▁ ▁Reg iments v eter in är ▁– ▁reg imental ▁veter in arian |
▁officer ▁ ▁Reich ▁– ▁realm , ▁empire . ▁ ▁Reich s ar be its d ienst ▁( R AD ) ▁– ▁comp uls ory ▁labor ▁service ▁in ▁Nazi ▁Germany . ▁ ▁Reich sb ahn ▁– ▁railway ▁system . ▁ ▁Reich sf ühr er - SS ▁– ▁Reich ▁Leader ▁of ▁the ▁SS , ▁an ▁office ▁held ▁by ▁Heinrich ▁H imm ler . ▁ ▁Reich ss icher heit sh aupt amt ▁( R SHA ) ▁– ▁" Re ich ▁Main ▁Security ▁Office ▁or ▁Reich ▁Security ▁Head ▁Office "; ▁created ▁by ▁H imm ler ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 3 9 ▁to ▁combine ▁all ▁German ▁security ▁and ▁plain cl othes ▁police ▁departments , ▁including ▁the ▁Gest ap o , ▁K ri po ▁and ▁SD ▁( S icher he its d ienst ▁der ▁SS ) ▁into ▁one ▁u mbre lla ▁organization ▁with ▁seven ▁departments . ▁ ▁Reich s we hr ▁– ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁German ▁Ar med ▁Forces ▁under ▁the ▁We im ar ▁Republic , ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁to ▁ 1 9 3 5 . ▁ ▁Re iter ▁– ▁caval ry man . ▁See ▁also ▁R itter . ▁ ▁R ek r ut ▁– ▁coll . ▁ro ok ie , ▁recruit , ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁military ▁in ▁the ▁basic ▁training ▁ ▁R ett ung sb oot ▁– ▁life boat . ▁ ▁R icht kreis unter off iz ier ▁– ▁Gun ▁Director ▁( N CO ) ▁ ▁R icht sch üt ze ▁– ▁aim ing ▁gun ner . ▁ ▁Ring kan one ▁( R k |
) ▁– ▁built - up ▁gun ▁ ▁R itter ▁– ▁kn ight , ▁caval ier . ▁ ▁R itter kre uz ▁– ▁" k night ' s ▁cross ", ▁usual ▁ab bre vi ated ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁R itter kre uz ▁des ▁E is ern en ▁Kre uz es ▁( see ▁next ▁entry ) ▁ ▁R itter kre uz ▁des ▁E is ern en ▁Kre uz es ▁– ▁Knight ' s ▁Cross ▁( of ▁the ▁Iron ▁Cross ); ▁award ▁for ▁val orous ▁service ▁for ▁those ▁who ▁had ▁already ▁received ▁the ▁Iron ▁Cross . ▁Hig hest ▁award ▁class ▁for ▁bra very ▁under ▁fire ▁or ▁military ▁leadership . ▁ 7 3 1 8 ▁of ▁these ▁were ▁awarded ▁during ▁the ▁war . ▁Pre vious ▁recip ients ▁of ▁the ▁R itter kre uz ▁would ▁be ▁awarded ▁a ▁higher ▁degree ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁award , ▁and ▁then ▁success ively ▁higher ▁ones . ▁The ▁higher ▁degrees ▁are , ▁in ▁asc ending ▁order : ▁ ▁R itter kre uz ▁mit ▁E ichen la ub ▁– ▁" k night ' s ▁cross ▁with ▁oak ▁leaves ". ▁ 8 9 0 ▁recip ients ▁during ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁R itter kre uz ▁mit ▁E ichen la ub ▁und ▁Schw erten ▁– ▁" k night ' s ▁cross ▁with ▁oak ▁leaves ▁and ▁sw ords ". ▁ 1 5 9 ▁recip ients ▁total , ▁plus ▁one ▁honor ary ▁recipient ▁( J apan ese ▁adm iral ▁Is or oku ▁Yam am oto ) ▁ ▁R itter kre uz ▁mit ▁E ichen la ub , ▁Schw |
erten ▁und ▁Br ill anten ▁– ▁" k night ' s ▁cross ▁with ▁oak ▁leaves , ▁sw ords , ▁and ▁diam onds ": ▁ 2 7 ▁recip ients ▁total . ▁ ▁R itter kre uz ▁mit ▁Golden em ▁E ichen la ub , ▁Sch wer tern ▁und ▁Br ill anten : ▁" k night ' s ▁cross ▁with ▁golden ▁oak ▁leaves , ▁sw ords , ▁and ▁diam onds ": ▁only ▁one ▁recipient . ▁ ▁R itter kre uz auf trag , ▁" K night ' s ▁Cross ▁job " ▁– ▁soldiers ' ▁sl ang ▁for ▁a ▁su ic idal ▁mission . ▁ ▁R itter kre uz tr äger ▁– ▁a ▁holder ▁of ▁the ▁Knight ' s ▁Cross . ▁ ▁R itt me ister ▁– ▁Captain , ▁used ▁instead ▁of ▁Haupt mann ▁in ▁the ▁caval ry , ▁recon naissance , ▁and ▁horse - transport ▁w aff en . ▁ ▁Roll kom m ando ▁– ▁small ▁motor ized ▁( rolling ) ▁task force ▁( non ▁military : ▁band ▁for ▁hit - and - run ▁crime ) ▁ ▁Rom mel sp arg el ▁– ▁" Rom mel ' s ▁as par ag us "; ▁sl anted ▁and ▁bar b - w ired ▁pol es ▁placed ▁in ▁key ▁places ▁behind ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Wall ▁with ▁the ▁intention ▁of ▁preventing ▁par atro op ▁and ▁gl ider ▁land ings . ▁ ▁R otes ▁Kre uz ▁– ▁Red ▁Cross . ▁ ▁R otte ▁– ▁two ▁of ▁a ▁kind , ▁especially ▁ships , ▁boats ▁or ▁aircraft . ▁Also ▁the ▁' file ' |
▁in ▁rank ▁and ▁file ▁ ▁Rot ten führ er ▁– ▁leader ▁of ▁a ▁' rot te ', ▁also ▁a ▁Nazi ▁rank ▁ ▁Rot ten k ne cht ▁– ▁sub ord inate ▁in ▁a ▁' rot te ' ▁ ▁Rot ten mann ▁– ▁see ▁' Rot ten k ne cht ' ▁ ▁R ott me ister ▁– ▁first ▁in ▁a ▁file ▁of ▁soldiers . ▁Origin ally , ▁soldiers ▁would ▁file ▁ 1 0 ▁– ▁ 2 5 ▁deep , ▁but ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁two ▁files ▁were ▁standard , ▁thus ▁a ▁' rot te ' ▁described ▁two ▁of ▁a ▁kind . ▁Also ▁a ▁( non - comm ission ed ) ▁officer ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁a ▁det achment ▁of ▁ 5 0 ▁caval ry . ▁ ▁R SO ▁– ▁the ▁R au p ensch le p per ▁Ost ▁fully ▁track ed ▁artillery ▁to wing ▁vehicle . ▁ ▁Rück z ug ▁– ▁retreat . ▁ ▁S ▁ ▁S - mine ▁– ▁a ▁common ▁type ▁of ▁anti - person nel ▁land mine . ▁ ▁SA ▁– ▁see ▁St urm ab teil ung . ▁ ▁Sach bear be iter ▁– ▁cl erk ▁ ▁die ▁S ah ne front ▁– ▁( the ▁cream ▁front ) ▁occupied ▁Denmark ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁food , ▁min usc ule ▁fighting . ▁ ▁San it äter ▁(' S ani ') ▁– ▁combat ▁medic ▁ ▁San ität so ff iz ier ▁– ▁Medical ▁officer ▁ ▁San itä ts unter off iz ier ▁– ▁Medical ▁N CO ▁ |
▁S anka ▁– ▁ac ron ym ▁for ▁San itä ts k raft f ah rt zeug , ▁a ▁term ▁for ▁German ▁field ▁amb ul ances . ▁ ▁Sau k opf ▁– ▁" p ig ' s ▁head ", ▁used ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁the ▁shape ▁of ▁a ▁gun ▁mant let ▁or ▁mount , ▁altern atively ▁called ▁Top f bl ende ▁in ▁German ▁military ▁documents . ▁ ▁Sch anz zeug ▁– ▁ent rench ing ▁tool ; ▁sl ang ▁term ▁for ▁fork ▁and ▁knife . ▁ ▁Sch acht ell auf werk ▁– ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁system ▁of ▁overl apped ▁and ▁inter le aved ▁road ▁wheels ▁used ▁on ▁German ▁military ▁half - track ▁and ▁arm ored ▁fighting ▁vehicles ▁before ▁and ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁Sch ar f sch üt ze ▁– ▁" sh ar ps h oot er "; ▁sn iper , ▁marks man . ▁ ▁Sch atten ▁– ▁" shadow "; ▁division ▁headquarters ▁that ▁controlled ▁just ▁a ▁few ▁combat ▁assets , ▁usually ▁for ▁the ▁purpose ▁of ▁mis leading ▁enemy ▁intelligence . ▁ ▁Sche iss kom m ando ▁– ▁lat r ine ▁detail ▁as ▁referred ▁to ▁by ▁survivors ▁of ▁the ▁Kon zent r ations l ager . ▁ ▁Sche uch - sch le p per ▁– ▁the ▁adapted ▁three - wheel ▁agricultural ▁tr actor ▁( named ▁from ▁the ▁maker ▁of ▁the ▁original ▁ag ri - version ) ▁used ▁to ▁tow ▁the ▁Luft w affe ' s ▁K omet ▁rock et ▁fighter ▁on ▁the ▁ground . ▁ ▁Sch iff chen ▁– ▁side ▁cap ▁ ▁Sch irm |
m üt ze ▁– ▁officer ' s ▁and ▁senior ▁N CO ' s ▁pe aked ▁cap ▁ ▁Sch ir r me ister ▁– ▁H arness ▁ke eper ▁ ▁Schl acht ▁– ▁battle . ▁" V on " ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁a ▁general ▁location ▁and ▁" um " ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁what ▁exactly ▁was ▁being ▁fought ▁over ; ▁for ▁example , ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Mid way ▁is ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁the ▁" Sch l acht ▁um ▁Mid way " ▁while ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁T raf al gar ▁is ▁called ▁the ▁" Sch l acht ▁von ▁T raf al gar ". ▁ ▁Schl acht sch iff ▁– ▁battles hip . ▁ ▁Sch le ich f ah rt ▁– ▁silent ▁running . ▁ ▁sch nell ▁– ▁fast . ▁ ▁Sch nell boot ▁( S - Boot ) ▁– ▁motor ▁tor ped o ▁boat ▁( B rit ish ▁term : ▁" E - boat ", ▁for ▁" en emy "). ▁ ▁Sch n elle ▁Tru ppen ▁– ▁lit . ▁" fast ▁troops " ▁mechan ized ▁troops ▁( whe ther ▁arm our ▁or ▁inf antry ). ▁ ▁Sch rä ge ▁Musik ▁– ▁" sl anted ▁music ", ▁ob li qu ely ▁upward / forward - f iring ▁offensive ▁German ▁night ▁fighter ▁arm ament . ▁ ▁Sch utz pol ize i ▁– ▁" prote ction ▁police ", ▁the ▁urban ▁police ; ▁largest ▁component ▁of ▁the ▁uniform ed ▁police ▁or ▁Or dn ung sp ol ize i . ▁ ▁Sch utz staff el ▁( SS ) ▁– ▁" Prote ction |
▁Squadron ", ▁a ▁major ▁Nazi ▁organization ▁that ▁grew ▁from ▁a ▁small ▁param il itary ▁unit ▁that ▁served ▁as ▁Hitler ' s ▁personal ▁body ▁guard ▁into ▁an ▁all - en compass ing ▁security , ▁police ▁and ▁combat ▁force . ▁" SS " ▁is ▁formed ▁from ▁( S ) ch utz ( s ) ta ff el . ▁Had ▁a ▁tri - force ▁structure : ▁All geme ine - SS ▁or ▁" General ▁SS ", ▁general ▁main ▁body ▁of ▁the ▁Sch utz staff el ; ▁SS - T ot en k opf verb ände ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁concentration ▁camps ; ▁SS - Ver f üg ung st ruppe ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁military ▁" dis pos itional " ▁troops ▁which , ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁officially ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁W aff en - SS . ▁ ▁Sch ür ze ▁– ▁" sk ir ting ", ▁arm our ▁sk ir ting ▁added ▁to ▁tanks ▁to ▁give ▁additional ▁protection . ▁ ▁Sch uss line ▁– ▁line ▁of ▁fire . ▁ ▁Sch üt ze ▁– ▁lit . ▁shoot er ; ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁inf antry . ▁From ▁ 1 9 2 0 - 4 5 ▁also ▁the ▁lowest ▁military ▁rank . ▁see ▁also ▁Sch ar f sch üt ze . ▁ ▁Sch üt zen pan zerw agen ▁( SP W ) ▁– ▁arm oured ▁half - track ▁or ▁self - prop elled ▁weapon . ▁ ▁Sch utz ha ft ▁– ▁" prote ct ive ▁custody "; ▁a ▁e up hem ism ▁for ▁the ▁power ▁to |
▁imprison ▁people ▁without ▁jud icial ▁proceedings , ▁typically ▁in ▁concentration ▁camps . ▁ ▁Sch utz ha ft b efe hl ▁– ▁" prote ct ive ▁custody ▁order "; ▁document ▁decl aring ▁that ▁a ▁det ained ▁person ▁desired ▁to ▁be ▁imprison ed ; ▁normally ▁this ▁signature ▁was ▁forced ▁by ▁torture . ▁ ▁Schw ad ron ▁( pl ural : ▁Schw adr one ) ▁– ▁" s quad ron "; ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁caval ry , ▁a ▁squad ron ▁was ▁basically ▁company - sized . ▁ ▁Schw ad ron führ er ▁– ▁company ▁commander ▁in ▁the ▁caval ry ▁ ▁Schw ad ron tr upp führ er ▁– ▁company ▁H Q ▁section ▁leader ▁ ▁Schw arm ▁– ▁Flight ▁( mil itary ▁unit ) ▁ ▁Sch war ze ▁Kap elle ▁– ▁" Black ▁Orchestra "; ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁conspir ators ▁within ▁the ▁German ▁Army ▁who ▁pl otted ▁to ▁over throw ▁Hitler ▁and ▁came ▁near ▁to ▁successfully ▁assass inating ▁him ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁Schwe in ere ien ▁– ▁" sc and alous ▁acts " ▁( lit .: ▁" acts ▁of ▁a ▁pig "); ▁( in ▁a ▁military ▁context ) ▁crimes ▁against ▁civ ilians . ▁ ▁sch wer ▁– ▁( 1 ) ▁ad ject ive ▁meaning ▁" he avy ", ▁the ▁word ▁" g ross " ▁( large ) ▁can ▁mean ▁the ▁same ; ▁( 2 ) ▁hard / diff icult . ▁ ▁Sch wer er ▁Kre u zer ▁– ▁heavy ▁cru iser . ▁ ▁Sch werp unkt ▁– ▁main |
▁axis ▁of ▁attack ▁ ▁Schw ert ▁– ▁sword . ▁ ▁Schw im mp an zer ▁– ▁am ph ib ious ▁or ▁" sw im ming " ▁tank . ▁ ▁SD ▁– ▁see ▁S icher he its d ienst . ▁ ▁S d . K f z . ▁– ▁Son der k raft f ahr zeug ▁ ▁Se ek rieg s le itung ▁( SK L ) ▁– ▁director ate ▁of ▁the ▁Naval ▁War . ▁ ▁Se h ro hr ▁– ▁per is cope ; ▁literally ▁" looking ▁tube ". ▁ ▁Se h ro hr t ie fe ▁– ▁per is cope ▁depth . ▁ ▁Seit enge we hr ▁– ▁bay on et . ▁ ▁Sel bst f ah rl af ette ▁– ▁self - prop elled ▁gun ▁carriage . ▁ ▁Sel bst sch utz ▁– ▁lit . ▁" self ▁protection "; ▁ethnic ▁German ▁civilian ▁milit ia . ▁ ▁S icher he its d ienst ▁( SD ) ▁– ▁" security ▁service "; ▁the ▁SS ▁and ▁Nazi ▁Party ▁security ▁service . ▁Later , ▁the ▁main ▁intelligence - gather ing , ▁and ▁counter - esp ion age ▁sections ▁of ▁the ▁R SHA ; ▁originally ▁headed ▁by ▁Rein hard ▁Hey dr ich . ▁ ▁S icher heit sp ol ize i ▁( Si Po ) ▁– ▁" security ▁police ", ▁the ▁combined ▁forces ▁of ▁the ▁Gest ap o ▁and ▁K ri Po , ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁the ▁Reich ' s ▁criminal ▁investig ators ▁and ▁secret ▁state ▁police . ▁ ▁" s ich ern ▁und ▁l aden |
" ▁– ▁" lock ▁and ▁load ". ▁ ▁S icher ungs fl ott ill en ▁– ▁( 1 ) ▁escort ▁ships , ▁( 2 ) ▁param il itary ▁organization ▁of ▁unem ployed ▁ex - s old iers , ▁who ▁were ▁recru ited ▁to ▁protect ▁Nazi ▁speakers , ▁and ▁because ▁of ▁their ▁clothing ▁were ▁called ▁" B rown ▁Sh irts ". ▁ ▁Sie g ▁– ▁victory . ▁ ▁Sig run en ▁– ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁double ▁" S " ▁run es ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁SS . ▁ ▁Si Po ▁– ▁see ▁S icher heit sp ol ize i . ▁ ▁S ip pen ha ft ung ▁– ▁the ▁practice ▁of ▁arrest ing ▁members ▁of ▁a ▁person ' s ▁family ▁for ▁political ▁crimes ▁or ▁tre ason ▁committed ▁by ▁that ▁person . ▁ ▁S MS ▁– ▁ab bre vi ation ▁for ▁Se iner ▁Maj est ät ▁Sch iff , ▁the ▁German ▁Empire ' s ▁equivalent ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Royal ▁Navy ' s ▁" H MS " ▁( His / Her ▁Maj esty ' s ▁Ship ) ▁naval ▁vessel ▁n aming ▁prefix ▁before ▁ 1 9 1 8 . ▁ ▁Sold at ▁– ▁soldier / en listed ▁man . ▁ ▁Sold buch ▁– ▁pay ▁book ▁carried ▁by ▁every ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁armed ▁forces . ▁Unit ▁information , ▁a ▁record ▁of ▁all ▁equipment ▁issued , ▁and ▁other ▁details ▁were ▁entered ▁into ▁this ▁book . ▁ ▁S oll st är ke ▁– ▁authorized ▁strength ▁ ▁Son der be hand lung ▁– ▁" special ▁treatment "; ▁a ▁Nazi |
▁e up hem ism ▁meaning ▁torture ▁or ▁killing ▁of ▁people ▁in ▁det ention . ▁ ▁Son der f ah nd ungs listen ▁– ▁wanted - pers ons ▁list . ▁ ▁Son der kom m ando ▁– ▁" special ▁unit "; ▁during ▁W W II , ▁an ▁official ▁term ▁that ▁applied ▁to ▁certain ▁German ▁and ▁foreign ▁SS ▁units ▁that ▁operated ▁in ▁German - occup ied ▁areas , ▁who ▁were ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁liquid ation ▁of ▁persons ▁not ▁des irable ▁to ▁the ▁Nazi ▁government ; ▁AL SO : ▁Jewish ▁in mates ▁of ▁ex termin ation ▁camps , ▁assigned ▁to ▁clear ▁gas ▁ch ambers ▁of ▁corps es , ▁etc . ▁During ▁W WI , ▁the ▁term ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁special ▁fleet ▁groups , ▁i . e . ▁the ▁coastal ▁defense ▁force ▁task ed ▁with ▁maintaining ▁control ▁over ▁D ard an elles . ▁ ▁Son der k raft f ahr zeug ▁( S d . ▁K f z .) ▁– ▁" special - pur pose ▁motor ▁vehicle ", ▁usually ▁ab bre vi ated ▁and ▁referring ▁to ▁an ▁Or dn ance ▁In ventory ▁Number . ▁ ▁Son der refer at ▁– ▁special ▁administrative ▁section . ▁ ▁Sp ä her ▁– ▁sc out . ▁ ▁Sp ä ht ru pp ▁– ▁combat ▁patrol ▁ ▁Sp ä hw agen ▁– ▁arm oured ▁car , ▁sc out / re con naissance ▁vehicle . ▁ ▁S per r fe uer ▁– ▁protective ▁fire , ▁cur tain ▁fire . ▁Art illery ▁barr age ▁to ▁stop ▁adv ancing ▁troops ▁ ▁St ör |
fe uer ▁– ▁harass ing ▁fire ▁ ▁S per r lin ie ▁– ▁blocking ▁line . ▁ ▁S per r sch ule ▁– ▁Mine ▁War fare ▁School ▁at ▁K iel - W ik . ▁ ▁Sp ie ß ▁– ▁" pi ke "; ▁col lo qu ial ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁must ering ▁and ▁administrative ▁non - comm ission ed ▁officer ▁of ▁a ▁company , ▁the ▁Haupt feld web el . ▁Typ ically ▁held ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Ober feld web el ▁or ▁St abs feld web el . ▁He ▁exerc ised ▁more ▁authority ▁than ▁his ▁American ▁counter part ▁( First ▁Sergeant ), ▁but ▁his ▁duties ▁did ▁not ▁ordin arily ▁include ▁combat ▁leadership . ▁ ▁Sp ion ▁– ▁spy . ▁ ▁Sp re ng st off ▁– ▁explos ive ▁material . ▁ ▁Spr ung ▁– ▁an ▁advance ▁movement ▁for ▁inf antry : ▁jump ▁up ▁from ▁cover , ▁run ▁a ▁few ▁steps , ▁take ▁cover ▁again . ▁Re peat . ▁ ▁" S pr ung ▁auf , ▁mars ch , ▁mars ch !" ▁– ▁command ▁to ▁initi ate ▁a ▁Spr ung ▁ ▁SS ▁– ▁see ▁Sch utz staff el . ▁ ▁SS - TV ▁– ▁SS - T ot en k opf verb ände ▁( SS ▁Death ' s ▁Head ▁Un its ). ▁ ▁SS - Ver f üg ung stru ppen ▁– ▁" units ▁available " ▁or ▁military ▁form ations ▁of ▁the ▁SS ; ▁became ▁the ▁core ▁of ▁the ▁W aff en - SS ▁formed ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁ ▁St |
ab ▁( pl . ▁St ä be ) ▁– ▁" staff ", ▁sometimes ▁H Q . ▁ ▁St abs che f ▁– ▁chief ▁of ▁staff . ▁ ▁St abs feld web el ▁– ▁lit . ▁" St aff ▁Sergeant ", ▁but ▁roughly ▁equivalent ▁to ▁Sergeant ▁Major : ▁the ▁highest ▁N CO ▁rank ▁in ▁the ▁We h rm acht , ▁the ▁second ▁highest ▁N CO ▁rank ▁in ▁the ▁Bundes we hr . ▁ ▁St ache ld ra ht ▁– ▁bar bed ▁wire . ▁ ▁Stad tk om mand ant ▁– ▁military ▁commander ▁of ▁a ▁city . ▁ ▁Staff el ▁– ▁squad ron ; ▁the ▁smallest ▁operational ▁air ▁unit , ▁and ▁the ▁primary ▁operational ▁unit ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁era ▁Luft stre it kr ä fte . ▁ ▁Staff elf ühr er ▁ ▁Staff el kap it än ▁ ▁St ahl helm ▁– ▁( 1 ) ▁literally ▁" ste el ▁helmet "; ▁( 2 ) ▁inter - war ▁national ist ▁organization . ▁ ▁St al ag ▁– ▁ac ron ym ▁for ▁St am ml ager , ▁German ▁prisoner - of - war ▁camp ▁for ▁ranks ▁other ▁than ▁officers . ▁ ▁Stalin org el ▁– ▁" St alin ' s ▁Organ "; ▁nick name ▁for ▁the ▁Kat y ush a ▁rock et ▁launch er . ▁ ▁St amm k enn ze ichen ▁– ▁four - letter ▁radio ▁identification ▁code ▁applied ▁to ▁factory - f resh ▁Luft w affe ▁aircraft , ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁prototype ▁identification , ▁not ▁used ▁on ▁non - day - fig h |
ter ▁aircraft ▁assigned ▁to ▁a ▁particular ▁Luft w affe ▁wing , ▁where ▁a ▁Gesch w ader k enn ung ▁code ▁would ▁be ▁used ▁instead . ▁ ▁Stand arte ▁– ▁SS ▁unit ▁equivalent ▁to ▁a ▁reg iment ▁ ▁Stand ort ▁– ▁g arr ison ▁ ▁Stand ort äl tes ter ▁– ▁g arr ison ▁commander ▁ ▁St ell ung ▁– ▁position ▁ ▁St ell ung sk rieg ▁– ▁static ▁war fare , ▁contrary ▁to ▁Bl itz krieg , ▁if ▁neither ▁of ▁the ▁conflict ▁parties ▁is ▁able ▁to ▁overcome ▁the ▁defense ▁with ▁offensive ▁operations , ▁the ▁result ▁is ▁an ▁Ab n üt zung sk rieg . ▁ ▁St ell ungs unter off iz ier ▁– ▁gun ▁position ▁N CO ▁ ▁Ste uer b ord ▁( St b ) ▁– ▁star board ▁side ▁of ▁a ▁ship . ▁ ▁St iel hand gr an ate ▁– ▁stick ▁hand ▁gren ade : ▁the ▁" pot ato ▁mas her " ▁Model ▁ 2 4 ▁gren ade . ▁ ▁" stop fen " ▁– ▁a ▁command ▁to ▁stop ▁firing , ▁probably ▁derived ▁from ▁" stop ▁your ▁v ents " ▁ ▁Sto ß tr upp ▁– ▁small ▁unit ▁as ▁shock ▁or ▁attack ▁troops . ▁ ▁Sto ß - [ unit ] ▁– ▁Sto ß b ata illon , ▁Sto ß reg iment , ▁Sto ß div ision , ▁a ▁temporary ▁design ation ▁for ▁units , ▁batt al ions , ▁reg iments ▁or ▁divisions ▁that ▁were ▁held ▁as ▁mobile ▁reserve ▁and ▁thus ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁push ▁( sto ßen ) ▁an |
▁attacking ▁force ▁back ▁in ▁a ▁counter att ack . ▁This ▁term ▁was ▁first ▁used ▁in ▁t rench ▁war fare ▁in ▁W WI , ▁when ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁the ▁defensive ▁tact ic ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁Army ▁changed ▁to ▁in ▁depth ▁defense . ▁The ▁r ationale ▁was ▁that ▁front line ▁units ▁in ▁the ▁tren ches ▁suffered ▁so ▁many ▁casual ties ▁and ▁material ▁losses ▁as ▁not ▁to ▁be ▁able ▁to ▁mount ▁an ▁effective ▁counter stroke . ▁ ▁Strateg ischer ▁Sie g ▁– ▁strategic ▁victory . ▁ ▁St ube ▁– ▁room ▁in ▁the ▁barr acks , ▁quarters ▁ ▁St u ka ▁– ▁ac ron ym ▁for ▁St ur zk amp ff l ug zeug , ▁literally : ▁" down fall ▁combat ▁aircraft " ▁fig ur atively : ▁* d ive - b omb ing ▁aircraft ". ▁Part icular ly ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁German ▁Ju ▁ 8 7 ▁dive ▁bom ber , ▁although ▁the ▁German ▁term ▁refers ▁to ▁any ▁dive ▁bom ber . ▁ ▁St uk ages ch w ader ▁– ▁a ▁dive ▁bom ber wing / group , ▁later ▁Schl acht gesch w ader ▁in ▁a ▁ground ▁support ▁role ▁( SG ). ▁ ▁St up a ▁– ▁a ▁St ur mp an zer ▁IV ▁assault ▁gun . ▁ ▁St urm ▁– ▁assault . ▁ ▁St urm ab teil ung ▁( SA ) ▁– ▁" ass ault ▁det achment ," ▁party ▁milit ia , ▁not ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁army . ▁In ▁the ▁beginning ▁the ▁Nazi ▁Party ' s ▁" B rown ▁Sh irt " ▁bul |
ly - boys ▁and ▁street ▁b raw lers ▁that ▁grew ▁by ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁into ▁a ▁param il itary ▁force ▁of ▁nearly ▁a ▁half - mill ion ▁men ; ▁after ▁the ▁pur ge ▁of ▁its ▁leadership ▁by ▁the ▁Sch utz staff el ▁( SS ) ▁and ▁Gest ap o ▁during ▁the ▁Night ▁of ▁the ▁Long ▁Kn ives ▁rapidly ▁decre ased ▁in ▁numbers ▁and ▁influence . ▁ ▁St ur mb ann ▁[ pl ural : ▁St ur mb anne ] ▁– ▁lit . ▁" storm ▁band ," ▁a ▁batt alion ; ▁used ▁by ▁SA ▁and ▁SS ▁units ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁ ▁St urm gesch üt z ▁( St u G ) ▁– ▁self - prop elled ▁assault ▁gun , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁St urm gesch üt z ▁III . ▁ ▁St urm ge we hr ▁– ▁assault ▁rifle . ▁ ▁St urm tr upp ▁– ▁assault ▁tro op , ▁a ▁spec ially ▁dr illed ▁group ▁of ▁soldiers , ▁usually ▁a ▁squad ▁or ▁a ▁pl ato on , ▁that ▁was ▁used ▁for ▁assault s ▁on ▁fixed ▁positions ▁in ▁t rench war fare . ▁Later ▁usage ▁in ▁W W II ▁was ▁for ▁combat ▁patrol s ▁with ▁orders ▁to ▁in fil tr ate ▁ ▁St ur mb atta illon ▁– ▁assault ▁batt alion , ▁spec ially ▁trained ▁and ▁equipped ▁batt al ions ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁Army ▁in ▁W WI , ▁specifically ▁created ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁from ▁the ▁experience ▁in ▁t rench ▁war |
fare . ▁ ▁St u K ▁– ▁St urm kan one , ▁prefix ▁for ▁the ▁main ▁arm ament ▁of ▁any ▁German ▁self - prop elled ▁artillery , ▁also ▁" St u H " ▁for ▁St urm ha ub it ze , ▁when ▁a ▁how itzer ▁was ▁used ▁instead ▁on ▁a ▁track ed ▁ch ass is . ▁ ▁St üt z p unkt ▁– ▁military ▁base . ▁ ▁Sü den ▁– ▁south . ▁ ▁Sw ast ika ▁– ▁English ▁term ▁for ▁the ▁German ▁H aken kre uz . ▁ ▁s WS ▁– ▁Schw ere ▁We h rm acht sch le p per , ▁late ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁" re placement " ▁half - track ▁vehicle . ▁ ▁T ▁ ▁Ton ne ▁( t ) ▁– ▁ton ne ▁( metric , ▁ 1 0 0 0 kg ) ▁ ▁Ton ne ▁( ts ) ▁– ▁long ▁ton ▁ ▁T ages b efe hl ▁– ▁order ▁of ▁the ▁day ▁ ▁t au chen ▁– ▁dive ; ▁sub merge . ▁ ▁T auch pan zer ▁– ▁sub mers ible ▁tank . ▁ ▁Teil kom m ando ▁– ▁a ▁small , ▁section - sized ▁command ▁group . ▁ ▁Test fl ug ▁– ▁flight ▁test , ▁sh aked own ▁cruise ▁ ▁T iger ▁– ▁name ▁given ▁to ▁the ▁P z K W ▁Pan zer ▁VI ▁" T iger ▁I " ▁and ▁" T iger ▁II " ▁series ▁of ▁tanks , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁Jag dt iger ▁tank ▁destroy er , ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁T iger ▁II , |
▁and ▁St ur mt iger , ▁built ▁on ▁the ▁T iger ▁I ' s ▁ch ass is . ▁ ▁T odes m är sche ▁– ▁" De ath ▁mar ches " ▁– ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁when ▁it ▁became ▁obvious ▁that ▁the ▁German ▁army ▁was ▁trapped ▁between ▁the ▁Soviet s ▁to ▁the ▁east ▁and ▁the ▁adv ancing ▁All ied ▁troops ▁from ▁the ▁west , ▁the ▁Naz is , ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁prevent ▁the ▁liber ation ▁of ▁concentration ▁camp ▁in mates , ▁forced ▁them ▁to ▁march ▁west ward ▁toward ▁Germany ▁proper . ▁Th ous ands ▁died ▁in ▁these ▁mar ches . ▁ ▁Tommy ▁– ▁German ▁sl ang ▁for ▁a ▁British ▁soldier ▁( sim ilar ▁to ▁" J erry " ▁or ▁" K ra ut ", ▁the ▁British ▁and ▁American ▁sl ang ▁terms ▁for ▁Germans ). ▁ ▁Tot en k opf ▁– ▁" de ath ' s ▁head ", ▁skull ▁and ▁cross b ones , ▁also ▁the ▁nick name ▁for ▁the ▁Kamp f gesch w ader ▁ 5 4 ▁bom ber ▁wing ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁era ▁Luft w affe . ▁ ▁T orn ister ▁– ▁Back ▁pack ▁ ▁Tot en k opf verb ände ▁– ▁" De ath ' s ▁Head ▁units ", ▁employed ▁as ▁guards ▁in ▁Nazi ▁concentration ▁camps , ▁many ▁later ▁became ▁the ▁members ▁of ▁units ▁of ▁the ▁W aff en - SS , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁SS ▁Division ▁Tot en k opf . ▁ ▁Total er ▁Krieg ▁– ▁" Total ▁war " ▁– ▁In ▁a ▁total ▁war |
, ▁there ▁is ▁less ▁different iation ▁between ▁combat ants ▁and ▁civ ilians ▁than ▁in ▁other ▁conflicts , ▁and ▁sometimes ▁no ▁such ▁different iation ▁at ▁all , ▁as ▁nearly ▁every ▁human ▁resource , ▁civ ilians ▁and ▁soldiers ▁alike , ▁can ▁be ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁bell iger ent ▁effort ▁ ▁Tot en k op fw ach st ur mb anne ▁– ▁Death ' s ▁Head ▁Guard ▁batt al ions ; ▁units ▁of ▁the ▁SS ▁that ▁guard ed ▁concentration ▁camps ▁during ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁Tre ff er ▁– ▁hit . ▁Most ly ▁in ▁past ▁tense . ▁" Tor ped o ▁get ro ffen !" ▁= ▁" Tor ped o ▁hit !" ▁or ▁" Tor ped o ▁impact !" ▁ ▁T rop en helm ▁– ▁p ith ▁helmet ; ▁a ▁wide - rim med ▁fabric - covered ▁c ork ▁helmet ▁used ▁in ▁tropical ▁areas , ▁most ▁notably ▁by ▁the ▁Af rika ▁Kor ps . ▁ ▁Tru pp ▁( pl . ▁Tru pp s ) ▁– ▁Small est ▁tact ical ▁unit ▁of ▁ 2 ▁to ▁ 8 ▁men , ▁best ▁comparing ▁to ▁Fire team ▁but ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁non - com bat ▁tasks ▁as ▁log istics . ▁ ▁T ruppe ▁( pl . ▁Tru ppen ) ▁– ▁summar ising ▁term ▁for ▁armed ▁forces , ▁in ▁some ▁context ▁it ▁stands ▁for ▁the ▁en listed ▁personnel . ▁ ▁Tru ppen amt ▁– ▁" T ro op ▁Office ", ▁the ▁disgu ised ▁Army ▁General ▁Staff ▁after ▁the ▁Vers a illes ▁Treat y ▁abol ished ▁the ▁German ▁Army |
▁General ▁Staff . ▁ ▁Tru ppen ar zt ▁– ▁physician ▁in ▁units ▁and ▁sub - units ▁with ▁organic ▁medical ▁sections , ▁e . g . ▁Reg iments ar zt , ▁B ata ill ons ar zt ▁ ▁Tru pp führ er ▁– ▁team ▁leader ▁ ▁U ▁ ▁U boot aus bild ungs ab teil ung ▁( U AA ) ▁– ▁see ▁U - F ah ra usb ild ungs le hr gang . ▁ ▁U boot - Ab nah me - K om mission ▁( U AK ) ▁– ▁submar ine ▁acceptance ▁commission ▁ ▁U boot ab we hr sch ule ▁( U AS ) ▁– ▁anti - sub mar ine ▁school ▁ ▁U - Boot j äger ▁( U J - bo ats ) ▁– ▁steam ▁tr aw lers ▁equipped ▁for ▁anti - sub mar ine ▁operations . ▁ ▁U - F ah ra usb ild ungs le hr gang ▁– ▁where ▁submar ine ▁personnel ▁learned ▁to ▁operate ▁U - bo ats . ▁ ▁U - Le hr div ision ▁( UL D ) ▁– ▁U - boat ▁Training ▁Division ▁( see ▁Kom mand anten - S chie ß le hr gang ). ▁ ▁un ab k öm ml ich ▁( uk ) ▁– ▁not ▁available ▁for ▁military ▁service ▁ ▁U k ▁( S chn ell l ade kan one ▁in ▁U boot - L af ette ) ▁– ▁quick - f iring ▁gun ▁with ▁submar ine ▁mount ing ▁ ▁Un term ens chen ▁– ▁those ▁peoples ▁the ▁Naz is ▁der ided |
▁as ▁" sub human " ▁( see ▁Ent m ens cht ). ▁ ▁Unter off iz ier ▁– ▁( 1 ) ▁a ▁non - comm ission ed ▁officer ; ▁( 2 ) ▁the ▁lowest ▁N CO ▁rank , ▁typical ▁for ▁e . g . ▁inf antry ▁squad ▁leaders ▁and ▁function ally ▁equivalent ▁to ▁US ▁Sergeant ▁or ▁UK ▁Corpor al . ▁ ▁Unter off izi ere ▁mit ▁Port e pe e ▁– ▁senior ▁N CO ; ▁lit . ▁" under off icer ▁with ▁sword - k not ." ▁ ▁Unter off izi ere ▁ohne ▁Port e pe e ▁– ▁junior ▁N CO ; ▁lit . ▁" under off icer ▁without ▁sword - k not ." ▁ ▁Unter führ er ▁– ▁summar ized ▁term ▁for ▁all ▁non - comm ission ed ▁officers ; ▁literally : ▁" sub le aders ". ▁ ▁Unter se eb oot ▁( U - Boot ) ▁– ▁literally , ▁" under sea ▁boat "; ▁submar ine . ▁In ▁the ▁English - spe aking ▁world , ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁distinction ▁between ▁" U - boat " ▁and ▁" sub mar ine ": ▁" U - boat " ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁German ▁submar ine , ▁particularly ▁the ▁ones ▁used ▁during ▁the ▁world ▁wars . ▁In ▁German , ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁distinction ▁as ▁" U - boat " ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁any ▁submar ine , ▁such ▁as ▁" De uts ches ▁U - Boot " ▁or ▁" Amer ikan isches ▁U - Boot ". ▁ ▁U ral ▁bom ber ▁– ▁Luft w affe ▁General |
▁Walter ▁We ver ' s ▁initiative ▁to ▁build ▁Germany ' s ▁first ▁four ▁eng ined ▁strategic ▁bom ber ▁at ▁the ▁dawn ▁of ▁the ▁Third ▁Reich , ▁with ▁pro tot ypes ▁coming ▁from ▁D orn ier ▁and ▁J unk ers . ▁After ▁We ver ' s ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 6 , ▁the ▁program ▁was ▁shel ved . ▁ ▁Ur la ub ▁– ▁f url ough ; ▁also : ▁vacation . ▁ ▁U to f ▁( U boot s - Tor ped ob oot s - Fl ie ger ab we hr - L af ette ) ▁– ▁quick - f iring ▁gun ▁in ▁submar ine - tor ped o ▁boat - anti - air craft ▁mount ing ▁ ▁U v D ▁– ▁Unter off iz ier ▁vom ▁D ienst ▁– ▁Sergeant ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁C Q ▁ ▁V ▁ ▁V 1 ▁– ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁the ▁operational ▁German ▁" we ap ons ▁of ▁v enge ance ", ▁or ▁Ver g elt ung sw aff en , ▁the ▁V 1 ▁was ▁a ▁pilot less , ▁pione ering ▁cruise ▁miss ile ▁powered ▁by ▁a ▁pulse - jet ▁engine ▁and ▁carried ▁an ▁ 8 5 0 kg ▁( 1 8 7 5 lb ) ▁high - expl os ive ▁war head . ▁They ▁had ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁up ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 km . ▁Nick named ▁" b uzz ▁bombs " ▁by ▁All ied ▁troops ▁(" d ood le bug " ▁by ▁Austral ians ) ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁sound ▁they |
▁made . ▁ ▁V 2 ▁R ocket ▁– ▁Also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁A 4 , ▁the ▁success or ▁to ▁the ▁V 1 ▁was ▁the ▁pione ering ▁sup erson ic ▁SR BM ▁powered ▁by ▁liquid ▁oxygen ▁and ▁alcohol , ▁it ▁had ▁a ▁ 9 7 5 kg ▁( 2 1 5 0 lb ) ▁high - expl os ive ▁war head ▁and ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁ 3 2 0 km . ▁ ▁V 3 ▁– ▁long - range , ▁smooth - b ore ▁multiple - ch amber ▁large - cal ib re ▁gun ▁nick named ▁the ▁Hoch dru ck p um pe ▁( high - press ure ▁pump ), ▁designed ▁to ▁fire ▁shell s ▁carrying ▁up ▁to ▁a ▁ 1 0 kg ▁( 2 2 lb ) ▁high - expl os ive ▁war head ▁at ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁ 9 3 km . ▁It ▁was ▁never ▁very ▁successful ▁as ▁most ▁install ations ▁were ▁destroyed ▁by ▁bomb ing ▁before ▁they ▁could ▁be ▁used . ▁ ▁Ver band ▁– ▁formation ▁( from ▁a ▁batt alion ▁to ▁a ▁brig ade ). ▁ ▁Ver bind ung so ff iz ier ▁– ▁l ia ison ▁officer ▁ ▁verd ä cht ige ▁Element e / Person en ▁– ▁suspicious ▁elements / pers ons . ▁ ▁Ver f üg ung stru ppen ▁– ▁"[ Special ] ▁Dis posal ▁Tro ops "; ▁SS ▁combat ▁units , ▁became ▁the ▁W aff en - SS ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁ ▁Ver g elt ungs ma |
ß nah men ▁– ▁re pr is als ; ▁ret ali atory ▁pun itive ▁measures . ▁ ▁Vern icht ung sk rieg ▁– ▁( 1 ) ▁" war ▁of ▁ann ih ilation " ▁against ▁USS R ▁civ ilians ; ▁( 2 ) ▁dog matic ▁offensive . ▁ ▁Vern icht ung sl ager ▁– ▁ex termin ation ▁camp . ▁ ▁Ver pf leg ung ▁– ▁food ▁supplies ▁ ▁V err äter ▁– ▁trait or . ▁ ▁" Ver stand en " ▁– ▁procedure ▁word ; ▁" under stood ", ▁" ro ger ". ▁ ▁Ver st är k ung ▁– ▁reinforce ment . ▁ ▁Vers uch s ▁– ▁experimental . ▁Hence ▁the ▁" V " ▁design ation ▁for ▁any ▁military ▁aircraft ▁prototype ▁for ▁the ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁era ▁Luft w affe . ▁Or ig inated ▁by ▁the ▁F ok ker ▁Fl ug zeug bau ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁solely ▁for ▁its ▁own ▁experimental ▁designs . ▁ ▁Vers uch sk on stru ktion ▁– ▁prototype . ▁ ▁Ver wend ung ▁– ▁duty ▁position ▁ ▁Veter in ä ro ff iz ier ▁– ▁veter in arian ▁officer ▁ ▁V ich y ▁France ▁– ▁French ▁regime ▁set ▁up ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁V ich y ▁under ▁Marshal ▁Philippe ▁Pet ain ▁in ▁collaboration ▁with ▁the ▁Germans ▁following ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁France ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁It ▁governed ▁the ▁southern ▁half ▁of ▁France ▁until ▁its ▁diss olution ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁V ier ling ▁– ▁German ▁for ▁" quad |
ru ple ", ▁referring ▁to ▁any ▁weapons ▁mount ▁that ▁used ▁four ▁machine ▁guns ▁or ▁aut oc annon ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁make ▁and ▁model , ▁in ▁a ▁single ▁travers able ▁and ▁elev at ible ▁mount , ▁used ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁Fl ak vier ling ▁quad mount ▁ 2 0 mm ▁anti - air craft ▁can non ▁system , ▁and ▁the ▁experimental ▁H L ▁ 1 3 1 V ▁( He ck l af ette ▁ 1 3 1 - V ier ling ) ▁tail ▁tur ret , ▁mount ing ▁four ▁M G ▁ 1 3 1 ▁ 1 2 . 7 mm ▁machine ▁guns ▁in ▁an ▁en closed , ▁powered ▁defensive ▁position ▁for ▁advanced ▁German ▁late - war ▁bom ber ▁aircraft ▁designs . ▁ ▁V ize ad m iral ▁– ▁naval ▁rank ▁of ▁vice ▁adm iral ▁ ▁v öl k isch ▁– ▁popular , ▁in ▁the ▁sense ▁of ▁" of ▁the ▁( G erman ) ▁popul ace ." ▁An ▁ad ject ive ▁derived ▁from ▁" Vol k " ▁meaning ▁" people ," ▁coming ▁from ▁the ▁racist , ▁national ist ▁ide ology ▁that ▁divided ▁people ▁into ▁" p ure " ▁A ry ans ▁and ▁inferior ▁Un term ens chen . ▁ ▁Vol ks de utsche ▁– ▁ethnic ▁Germans . ▁ ▁Vol ks geme ins chaft ▁– ▁national ▁community ▁or ▁civilian ▁population ; ▁public ▁support ▁( see ▁K amer ad schaft ). ▁ ▁Vol ks gren ad ier ▁– ▁" People ' s ▁Infan tr yman ", ▁a ▁mor ale - building |
▁honor ific ▁given ▁to ▁low - grade ▁inf antry ▁divisions ▁raised ▁or ▁re const ituted ▁in ▁the ▁last ▁months ▁of ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁Volk sk rieg ▁– ▁" People ' s ▁War ". ▁ ▁Vol ks st urm ▁– ▁people ' s ▁semi - mil itary ▁defense ▁force , ▁made ▁up ▁mostly ▁of ▁boys ▁and ▁older ▁men . ▁ ▁Volk st um sk amp f ▁– ▁ethnic ▁struggle . ▁ ▁Vor aus ab teil ung ▁– ▁advance ▁det achment ▁ ▁V org esch ob ener ▁Be ob ach ter ▁– ▁forward ▁observer ▁ ▁Vor post en boot e ▁( VP - boot ) ▁– ▁coastal ▁escort ▁vessels ▁and ▁motor ▁la unches ▁with ▁anti - sub mar ine ▁and ▁mines we eping ▁gear . ▁Also ▁called ▁K ü sten f isch k utter ▁( K F K ), ▁as ▁they ▁were ▁patrol ▁vessels ▁constructed ▁to ▁a ▁fishing - v ess el ▁design . ▁ ▁W ▁ ▁Wasser b om be ▁( W a Bo ) ▁— depth ▁charge . ▁ ▁W ach - ▁– ▁guard ▁( in ▁conj unction ). ▁ ▁W ach sam keit ▁– ▁vig il ance . ▁ ▁W acht me ister ▁– ▁senior ▁N CO ▁( equ ivalent ▁to ▁F eld web el ) ▁in ▁caval ry ▁and ▁artillery ▁units . ▁ ▁W affe ▁( pl ural : ▁W aff en ) ▁– ▁" we apon ", ▁or ▁can ▁be ▁an ▁ad ject ive ▁meaning ▁" armed ". ▁ ▁W aff en amt ▁– ▁" we ap ons ▁office |
" ▁– ▁arms ▁inspection ▁stamp ▁or ▁mark . ▁ ▁W aff en far be ▁– ▁arm ▁of ▁service ▁colour ▁ ▁W aff en - SS ▁– ▁" Ar med ▁SS ". ▁The ▁military ▁combat ▁branch ▁of ▁the ▁SS ▁that ▁was ▁created ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁with ▁the ▁am alg am ation ▁of ▁the ▁Ver f üg ung st ruppe , ▁the ▁Le ib stand arte ▁SS ▁Ad olf ▁Hitler ▁( L SS AH ) ▁and ▁the ▁combat ▁Stand arten ▁of ▁the ▁Tot en k opf verb ände . ▁ ▁W agen ▁– ▁vehicle , ▁car . ▁ ▁We hr k raft z ers etz ung ▁– ▁und erm ining ▁the ▁fighting ▁spirit ▁of ▁the ▁troops . ▁ ▁We hr kreis ▁– ▁German ▁military ▁district ▁centered ▁on ▁an ▁important ▁city . ▁ ▁We h rm acht ▁– ▁German ▁armed ▁forces ▁under ▁the ▁Third ▁Reich ▁consisting ▁of ▁three ▁branches : ▁the ▁He er ▁( Ar my ), ▁the ▁Luft w affe ▁( Air ▁Force ), ▁and ▁the ▁Krieg sm ar ine ▁( N avy ). ▁The ▁W aff en - SS ▁was ▁a ▁separate ▁organization , ▁although ▁SS ▁combat ▁units ▁were ▁usually ▁placed ▁under ▁the ▁operational ▁control ▁of ▁Army ▁High ▁Command ▁( OK H ) ▁or ▁We h rm acht ▁High ▁Command ▁( OK W ). ▁ ▁We h rm acht ber icht ▁– ▁a ▁daily ▁radio ▁broadcast ▁that ▁described ▁the ▁military ▁situation ▁on ▁all ▁front s ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁We h rm acht führ ungs st ab ▁– |
▁Ar med ▁Forces ▁Operations ▁Staff . ▁ ▁We h rm acht s ad ler ▁– ▁the ▁We h rm acht ' s ▁e agle ▁ins ign ia . ▁ ▁We h rm acht ge fol ge ▁– ▁Ar med ▁Forces ▁A ux ili aries . ▁These ▁include ▁those ▁organizations ▁that ▁were ▁not ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁armed ▁forces ▁but ▁that ▁served ▁such ▁an ▁important ▁support ▁role ▁that ▁they ▁were ▁given ▁protection ▁under ▁the ▁Gen eva ▁Convention ▁and / or ▁militar ized . ▁The ▁armed ▁forces ▁aux ili aries ▁consisted ▁in ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Reich s ar be its d ienst , ▁N SK K , ▁Organ isation ▁Tod t , ▁and ▁the ▁Vol ks st urm . ▁ ▁We h rm acht sk an ister ▁– ▁Rob ust ▁tank ▁used ▁to ▁carry ▁fuel . ▁Call ed ▁a ▁" J erry can " ▁by ▁the ▁All ies . ▁ ▁We hr pass ▁– ▁German ▁military ▁individual ▁service ▁record ▁book let . ▁ ▁Wer ks ch utz ▁– ▁industrial ▁plant ▁protection ▁service ▁and ▁security ▁police . ▁ ▁Wer w olf ▁– ▁German ▁gu err illa ▁fighters ▁dedicated ▁to ▁harass ▁All ied ▁rear ▁areas . ▁Init ially ▁con ceived ▁as ▁an ▁adj unct ▁to ▁the ▁Jag d - K omm ando ▁units ▁and ▁placed ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁Otto ▁Sk or zen y , ▁the ▁idea ▁was ▁later ▁appropri ated ▁by ▁Joseph ▁Go eb b els ▁to ▁represent ▁the ▁general ▁rising ▁up ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁people ▁to ▁defend ▁against ▁foreign ▁invasion . ▁It ▁was ▁not ▁well |
▁organized ▁or ▁widely ▁effective , ▁and ▁there ▁were ▁only ▁a ▁few ▁known ▁instances ▁of ▁involvement , ▁mainly ▁after ▁the ▁war ▁ended ▁and ▁mostly ▁in ▁the ▁eastern ▁regions . ▁ ▁Wes pe ▁– ▁" was p ", ▁a ▁self - prop elled ▁ 1 0 5 mm ▁how itzer ▁on ▁P z K pf w ▁II ▁ch ass is . ▁ ▁West en ▁– ▁west . ▁ ▁W et ter be ob acht ung ss ch iff ▁( W BS ) ▁– ▁weather ▁ship ▁ ▁W ider stand sk rä fte ▁– ▁ins urg ents ▁( see ▁Fre isch är ler ). ▁ ▁Wolf ▁– ▁the ▁military ▁design ation ▁name ▁for ▁a ▁Mercedes - B enz ▁G - Class ▁in ▁the ▁German ▁Bundes we hr . ▁ ▁Wol fs ru del ▁– ▁wolf ▁pack , ▁an ▁anti - conv oy ▁tact ic ▁developed ▁by ▁Admiral ▁D ön itz ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁Wolf ss chan ze ▁" W olf ' s ▁la ir " ▁lit . ▁" W olf ' s ▁ent rench ment " ▁– ▁Hitler ' s ▁first ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Eastern ▁Front ▁military ▁headquarters , ▁one ▁of ▁several ▁F ühr er ▁Head quarters ▁or ▁F H Q s ▁located ▁in ▁various ▁parts ▁of ▁Europe . ▁The ▁complex , ▁built ▁for ▁Operation ▁Bar bar oss a ▁( the ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁German ▁invasion ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ) ▁was ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁Mas ur ian ▁woods , ▁about ▁ 8 ▁kilometres ▁( 5 . 0 mi ) |
▁from ▁R ast enburg , ▁East ▁Pr ussia ▁( N / K / A ▁K ę tr z yn , ▁Poland ). ▁ ▁W ot an ▁– ▁alternative ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁Y - G er ät ▁radio ▁navigation ▁system . ▁ ▁W ür z burg ▁radar ▁– ▁German ▁air ▁defense ▁radar ▁that ▁went ▁into ▁service ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 ; ▁over ▁ 3 , 0 0 0 ▁of ▁all ▁vari ants ▁were ▁built . ▁ ▁X ▁ ▁X - G er ät ▁– ▁" X - device " ▁or ▁" X - equ ip ment "; ▁radio ▁navigation ▁equipment ▁used ▁on ▁German ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁Y ▁ ▁Y - Be am ▁– ▁German ▁aircraft ▁navig ational ▁system ▁that ▁utilized ▁a ▁single ▁station ▁that ▁radi ated ▁a ▁direction al ▁beam ▁plus ▁a ▁ranging ▁signal ▁that ▁the ▁bom ber ▁picked ▁up ▁and ▁re - trans mitted ▁to ▁enable ▁the ▁ground ▁cont rollers ▁to ▁compute ▁the ▁range ▁and ▁know ▁when ▁to ▁order ▁the ▁bombs ▁to ▁be ▁dropped . ▁ ▁Y - G er ät ▁– ▁" Y - device " ▁or ▁" Y - equ ip ment "; ▁radio ▁navigation ▁equipment ▁used ▁on ▁German ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁Z ▁ ▁Z - Plan ▁( or ▁Plan - Z ) ▁was ▁the ▁name ▁given ▁to ▁the ▁re - equ ip ment ▁and ▁expansion ▁of ▁the ▁Krieg sm ar ine ▁( N azi ▁German ▁Navy ) ▁as ▁ordered ▁by ▁Ad olf ▁Hitler ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁January ▁ 1 9 3 9 . ▁The ▁plan ▁called ▁for |
▁ 1 0 ▁battles hip s , ▁four ▁aircraft ▁car riers , ▁three ▁battle c ru is ers , ▁eight ▁heavy ▁cru is ers , ▁ 4 4 ▁light ▁cru is ers , ▁ 6 8 ▁destroy ers ▁and ▁ 2 4 9 ▁U - bo ats ▁by ▁ 1 9 4 4 ▁that ▁was ▁meant ▁to ▁challenge ▁the ▁naval ▁power ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁The ▁outbreak ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 3 9 ▁came ▁far ▁too ▁early ▁to ▁implement ▁the ▁plan . ▁ ▁Z 3 ▁– ▁pione ering ▁computer ▁developed ▁by ▁Kon rad ▁Z use ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 , ▁it ▁was ▁destroyed ▁by ▁bomb ard ment ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁z . b . V . ▁– ▁see ▁zur ▁bes onder en ▁Ver wend ung . ▁ ▁Zeit ▁– ▁time . ▁ ▁Zeit plan ▁– ▁tim et able , ▁schedule . ▁ ▁Z elt bahn ▁– ▁a ▁tri angular ▁or ▁square ▁shelter ▁quarter ▁made ▁of ▁closely ▁w oven , ▁water - rep ell ent ▁cotton ▁duck . ▁It ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁on ▁its ▁own ▁as ▁a ▁pon cho ▁or ▁put ▁together ▁with ▁others ▁to ▁create ▁shel ters ▁and ▁t ents . ▁Also ▁called ▁Z elt plane . ▁ ▁Zent ral st elle ▁II ▁P ▁– ▁Central ▁Office ▁II ▁P ▁( Pol and ). ▁ ▁Z erst ör er ▁– ▁destroy er , ▁also ▁the ▁design ation ▁for ▁a ▁Luft w affe ▁heavy ▁fighter ▁combat ▁aircraft . ▁ ▁Z iel ▁– |
▁target , ▁objective . ▁ ▁Z immer it ▁– ▁an ▁anti - mag netic ▁mine ▁paste ▁applied ▁on ▁the ▁arm our ▁of ▁German ▁tanks ▁to ▁prevent ▁magnetic ▁mines ▁from ▁being ▁attached . ▁It ▁was ▁similar ▁to ▁cement , ▁and ▁was ▁applied ▁on ▁the ▁tanks ▁with ▁a ▁r ake , ▁giving ▁the ▁vehicle ▁a ▁rough ▁appearance . ▁From ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁to ▁mid - 1 9 4 4 ▁Z immer it ▁became ▁a ▁standard ▁characteristic ▁on ▁many ▁German ▁pan z ers . ▁ ▁Z oss en ▁– ▁The ▁underground ▁bunk er ▁complex ▁that ▁was ▁headquarters ▁for ▁both ▁the ▁We h rm acht ▁( OK W ) ▁and ▁( He er ) ▁Army ▁High ▁Command ▁( OK H ) ▁located ▁approximately ▁ 2 0 ▁miles ▁west ▁of ▁Berlin ▁in ▁Z oss en , ▁Germany . ▁ ▁Z ug ▁– ▁pl ato on ▁or ▁train . ▁ ▁Z ug führ er ▁– ▁pl ato on ▁leader ▁ ▁Z ug tr upp führ er ▁– ▁pl ato on ▁H Q ▁section ▁leader ▁ ▁Zur ▁bes onder en ▁Ver wend ung ▁( z . b . V .) ▁– ▁for ▁special ▁employment . ▁Sometimes ▁a ▁killing ▁squad / unit , ▁but ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁divisions ▁raised ▁for ▁special ▁reasons ▁( e . g ., ▁the ▁Division ▁z b V ▁Af rika ). ▁ ▁Z y kl on - B ▁– ▁commercial ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁pr uss ic ▁acid ▁( h ydro cy an ic ▁acid ) ▁gas ▁used ▁in ▁German ▁ex termin |
ation ▁camps . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁German ▁military ▁ranks ▁ ▁Appro x imate ▁ranks ▁relative ▁to ▁US ▁ranks : ▁ ▁Reich sm ars ch all ▁– ▁" Marshal ▁of ▁the ▁Empire ", ▁the ▁highest ▁rank ▁in ▁the ▁German ▁armed ▁forces ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁( specific ally ▁created ▁for ▁Herm ann ▁G ö ring ▁to ▁distinguish ▁him ▁from ▁the ▁other ▁field ▁mar sh als ). ▁Equ ivalent ▁to ▁General ▁of ▁the ▁Arm ies ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Gener alf eld m ars ch all ▁– ▁General ▁of ▁the ▁Army ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁General ober st ▁– ▁General , ▁literally ▁" h ig hest " ▁or ▁" sup reme ▁general ", ▁usually ▁translated ▁" Col onel - general "; ▁not ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁Bundes we hr ▁ ▁General ▁der ▁Infan ter ie , ▁K av aller ie , ▁etc . ▁– ▁General ▁( before ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁equivalent ▁to ▁US ▁Lieutenant ▁General ) ▁ ▁General le ut nant ▁– ▁Lieutenant - General ▁( before ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁equivalent ▁to ▁US ▁Major ▁General ) ▁ ▁General major ▁– ▁Major - General ▁( before ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁equivalent ▁to ▁US ▁Brig ad ier ▁General ) ▁ ▁Brig ad eg ener al ▁– ▁Brig ad ier ▁General ; ▁not ▁used ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁Bundes we hr ▁ ▁Ober st ▁– ▁Colonel , ▁literally ▁" h ig hest " ▁ ▁Ober st le ut nant ▁– ▁Lieutenant ▁Colonel ▁ ▁Major ▁– ▁Major ▁ ▁Haupt mann / R itt |
me ister ▁– ▁Captain ▁ ▁Ober le ut nant ▁– ▁First ▁Lieutenant ▁ ▁Le ut nant ▁– ▁( Second ) ▁Lieutenant ▁ ▁Ober st abs feld web el / O ber st ab sb oot sm ann ▁– ▁( S en ior ▁N CO ) ▁ ▁St abs feld web el / H aupt boot sm ann ▁– ▁master ▁ser ge ant ▁( sen ior ▁N CO ) ▁ ▁Ober feld web el / Boot sm ann s ma at ▁– ▁technical ▁ser ge ant ▁( sen ior ▁N CO ) ▁ ▁F äh n rich / O ber f äh n rich ▁– ▁no ▁perfect ▁equivalent . ▁Senior ▁officer ▁cad et ▁with ▁something ▁like ▁warrant ▁officer ▁status , ▁used ▁in ▁functions ▁like ▁ens ign , ▁passed ▁mid ship man ▁or ▁ 2 nd ▁lieutenant ▁but ▁not ▁commissioned . ▁ ▁F ah nen j unk er ▁– ▁no ▁perfect ▁equivalent . ▁Most ▁junior ▁officer ▁cad et ▁with ▁ser ge ant ▁( US ) ▁or ▁corpor al ▁( UK ) ▁status . ▁ ▁F eld web el / W acht me ister / Boot sm ann ▁– ▁staff ▁ser ge ant ▁( sen ior ▁N CO ) ▁ ▁Unter feld web el ▁– ▁ser ge ant ; ▁formerly ▁called ▁Sergeant ▁prior ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁( not ▁in ▁use ▁in ▁the ▁Bundes we hr ) ▁ ▁St abs unter off izer / O ber ma at ▁( j un ior ▁N CO ) ▁ ▁Unter off iz ier / M aat ▁– |
▁corpor al ▁( j un ior ▁N CO ) ▁( since ▁the ▁Bundes we hr ▁more ▁comparable ▁to ▁pet ty ▁officer ) ▁ ▁Ober st abs ge fre iter ▁– ▁( en listed ▁personnel ); ▁not ▁used ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁Bundes we hr . ▁ ▁St abs ge fre iter ▁– ▁( en listed ▁personnel ) ▁ ▁Haupt ge fre iter ▁– ▁( en listed ▁personnel ); ▁not ▁used ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁Bundes we hr . ▁ ▁Ober ge fre iter ▁– ▁L ance ▁Corpor al ▁( en listed ▁personnel ). ▁Histor ically , ▁and ▁up ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Ober ge fre iter ▁was ▁considered ▁in ▁English ▁the ▁equivalent ▁to ▁a ▁British ▁Army ▁L ance ▁Corpor al ▁with ▁senior ity , ▁therefore ▁named ▁" S en ior ▁L ance ▁Corpor al ", ▁or ▁rather ▁Second ▁Corpor al ▁in ▁the ▁Art illery . ▁ ▁Gef re iter ▁– ▁Private ▁First ▁Class ▁( en listed ▁personnel ). ▁Histor ically , ▁and ▁up ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Gef re iter ▁was ▁considered ▁in ▁English ▁the ▁equivalent ▁to ▁a ▁British ▁Army ▁L ance ▁Corpor al ▁rank . ▁ ▁O bers ch üt ze ▁– ▁Senior ▁R if le man . ▁Historical ▁rank ▁used ▁up ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁not ▁in ▁use ▁in ▁the ▁Bundes we hr . ▁ ▁Geme iner ▁– ▁Private ▁( en listed ▁personnel ). ▁Histor ically , ▁and ▁up ▁until ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁the ▁rank |
▁of ▁Geme iner ▁was ▁ordin arily ▁used ▁for ▁an ▁en listed ▁soldier ▁of ▁Private ▁rank . ▁ ▁Gren ad ier / Sch üt ze / S old at / Mat rose / Fl ie ger / San it äter ▁– ▁Private ▁( en listed ▁personnel ) ▁ ▁For ▁additional ▁compar isons , ▁see ▁Compar ative ▁military ▁ranks ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁military ▁operations ▁The ▁German ▁term ▁for ▁" Operation " ▁is ▁Unter nehmen , ▁literally ▁" und ert aking ". ▁ ▁Ad ler ang rif fe ▁( E agle ▁Att ack ) ▁series ▁of ▁ra ids ▁against ▁Royal ▁Air ▁Force ▁( RA F ). ▁ ▁Ad l ert ag ▁– ▁E agle ▁Day ; ▁day ▁one ▁of ▁intense ▁ra iding ▁against ▁R AF ▁ 1 3 ▁August ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁known ▁as ▁Operation ▁E agle ▁Att ack ▁( post pon ed ▁from ▁ 1 0 ▁August ). ▁ ▁Anton ▁– ▁occupation ▁of ▁V ich y ▁France , ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 2 ; ▁later ▁known ▁as ▁At illa . ▁ ▁At illa ▁– ▁occupation ▁of ▁V ich y ▁France , ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 2 ▁( pre viously , ▁Anton ). ▁ ▁Auf bau ▁Ost ▁– ▁Eastern ▁Build up ; ▁build - up ▁of ▁arms ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁invasion ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union . ▁ ▁Bar bar oss a ▁– ▁invasion ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁Bar bar oss a , ▁or ▁" Red ▁Be ard " ▁was |
▁the ▁nick name ▁for ▁Emperor ▁Frederick ▁I , ▁who ▁attempted ▁to ▁un ify ▁German ic ▁states ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century . ▁ ▁Bern hard ▁– ▁scheme ▁to ▁counter fe it ▁British ▁bank ▁notes ▁and ▁put ▁them ▁into ▁circulation ; ▁begun ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁ ▁Bod en pl atte ▁– ▁Base ▁Pl ate ; ▁air ▁offensive ▁against ▁All ied ▁air fields ▁in ▁north - western ▁Europe , ▁New ▁Year ' s ▁Day ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁E iche ▁– ▁Oak ; ▁mission ▁to ▁rescue ▁Ben ito ▁M uss ol ini ▁by ▁Fall sch irm j äger ▁led ▁by ▁Sk or zen y . ▁ ▁Eisen ham mer ▁– ▁Iron ▁Ham mer , ▁planned ▁strategic ▁bomb ing ▁raid ▁on ▁Soviet ▁electric ▁power ▁generation ▁water ▁turb ines , ▁potentially ▁knock ing ▁out ▁three - quarters ▁of ▁all ▁western ▁Soviet ▁electrical ▁generation ▁capacity , ▁never ▁carried ▁out ▁ ▁Fall ▁Bl au ▁– ▁Case ▁Blue ; ▁summer ▁offensive ▁in ▁Southern ▁Russia . ▁ ▁Fall ▁Gel b ▁– ▁Case ▁Yellow ; ▁invasion ▁of ▁the ▁Netherlands , ▁Belgium ▁and ▁France . ▁ ▁Fall ▁Gr ün ▁– ▁Case ▁Green ; ▁intended ▁invasion ▁of ▁Czech os lov ak ia . ▁ ▁Fall ▁Rot ▁– ▁Case ▁Red ; ▁counter st rike ▁against ▁France ▁in ▁the ▁event ▁of ▁an ▁attack ▁from ▁the ▁West . ▁ ▁Fall ▁We iß ▁– ▁Case ▁White ; ▁invasion ▁of ▁Poland . ▁ ▁Felix ▁– ▁plan ▁to ▁capture ▁Gib ral tar ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁It ▁never |
▁took ▁place . ▁ ▁F isch fang ▁– ▁Fish ▁T rap ; ▁counter att ack ▁on ▁the ▁All ied ▁beach head ▁at ▁An z io ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁Gre if ▁– ▁Griff in ; ▁dropping ▁of ▁English - spe aking ▁troops ▁wearing ▁American ▁uniform s ▁behind ▁the ▁All ied ▁lines ▁in ▁the ▁Ar den nes , ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Bul ge . ▁ ▁Her bst ne bel ▁– ▁Aut umn ▁Mist ; ▁offensive ▁in ▁the ▁Ar den nes , ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁Better ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Ar den nes . ▁ ▁Her k ules ▁– ▁projected ▁invasion ▁of ▁Mal ta ▁by ▁Fall sch irm j äger ▁and ▁the ▁navy . ▁Never ▁executed . ▁ ▁Kath rin ▁– ▁plan ▁to ▁help ▁the ▁Irish ▁Republican ▁Army ▁to ▁commit ▁terror ism ▁and ▁disrupt ▁British ▁internal ▁security . ▁ ▁Mer k ur ▁– ▁Mer cury ▁( the ▁planet ▁or ▁the ▁Roman ▁god , ▁not ▁the ▁metal ); ▁air borne ▁invasion ▁of ▁Cre te ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁ ▁Nord licht ▁– ▁Northern ▁L ights ; ▁attack ▁on ▁L ening rad ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁ ▁Nord wind ▁– ▁North ▁Wind ; ▁counter off ensive ▁in ▁Als ace ▁and ▁L orr aine ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁Pan zer fa ust ▁– ▁Arm ored ▁F ist ; ▁the ▁October ▁ 1 9 4 4 ▁mission ▁to ▁kidn ap ▁Mik l ós ▁H orth |
y ▁Jr , ▁son ▁of ▁Hung arian ▁Reg ent ▁Admiral ▁Mik l ós ▁H orth y . ▁ ▁P au k ensch lag ▁– ▁Dr um roll ▁or ▁Dr um beat ; ▁offensive ▁against ▁All ied ▁shipping ▁in ▁US ▁and ▁Caribbean ▁waters ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁half ▁of ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁ ▁Past or ius ▁– ▁U - boat ▁operation ▁involving ▁U - 2 0 2 ▁and ▁U - 5 4 8 ▁setting ▁ 8 ▁agents ▁ash ore ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁ ▁Rein hard ▁– ▁cover name ▁for ▁the ▁entire ▁process ▁of ▁building ▁ex termin ation ▁camps , ▁deport ation ▁of ▁Jews ▁first ▁to ▁g he tt os , ▁then ▁to ▁the ▁concentration ▁camps ▁for ▁ex termin ation ▁and ▁inc iner ation . ▁N amed ▁for ▁SD ▁chief ▁Rein hard ▁Hey dr ich . ▁ ▁Se el ö we ▁– ▁Sea ▁Lion ; ▁projected ▁am ph ib ious ▁assault ▁on ▁Great ▁Britain ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 / 4 1 . ▁It ▁never ▁took ▁place . ▁ ▁Stein b ock ▁– ▁the ▁German ▁Luft w affe ▁bom ber ▁offensive ▁against ▁England ▁from ▁late ▁January ▁through ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁May ▁ 1 9 4 4 ▁ ▁St ös ser ▁– ▁par ach ute ▁drop ▁on ▁evening ▁of ▁ 1 6 ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 4 ; ▁purpose ▁was ▁to ▁se ize ▁a ▁cross ro ads ▁for ▁Kamp fg ruppe ▁Pe iper ▁during ▁the ▁Germans ' ▁Ar den nes ▁Off ensive . ▁ |
▁Stra f ger icht ▁– ▁" p un ishment " ▁air ▁attacks ▁on ▁Bel grade , ▁April ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁ ▁Ta if un ▁– ▁Ty ph oon ; ▁push ▁towards ▁Moscow ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁ ▁T ann en ba um ▁– ▁" f ir - tree "; ▁projected ▁invasion ▁of ▁Switzerland ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁Never ▁carried ▁out . ▁ ▁T iger ▁– ▁advance ▁through ▁the ▁Mag in ot ▁Line ▁on ▁the ▁French ▁border ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁ ▁W acht ▁am ▁Rhe in ▁– ▁" Guard ▁on ▁the ▁Rh ine "; ▁the ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 4 ▁Ar den nes ▁offensive , ▁known ▁by ▁Americans ▁as ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Bul ge . ▁ ▁Walk ü re ▁– ▁V alk y rie ▁Off ic ially ▁a ▁Reserve ▁Army ▁conting ency ▁plan ▁to ▁restore ▁law ▁and ▁order ▁in ▁the ▁event ▁a ▁dis ruption ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁All ied ▁bomb ing ▁of ▁German ▁cities ▁caused ▁a ▁breakdown ▁in ▁law ▁and ▁order , ▁or ▁a ▁rising ▁by ▁the ▁millions ▁of ▁forced ▁labor ers ▁German ▁fact ories . ▁Was , ▁in ▁fact , ▁a ▁major ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁failed ▁July ▁ 2 0 ▁Plot ▁to ▁arrest ▁SS ▁and ▁other ▁Nazi ▁officials ▁and ▁se ize ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁government . ▁ ▁Wes er ü b ung ▁– ▁Wes er ▁Ex ercise ▁( comm only , ▁Water ▁Ex ercise ); ▁invasion ▁of ▁Denmark ▁and ▁Norway , ▁ 9 ▁April ▁ |
1 9 4 0 ▁ ▁Winter gew itter ▁– ▁Winter ▁G ale ; ▁un successful ▁attempt ▁to ▁relie ve ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Army ▁at ▁St aling rad ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁ ▁Z it ad elle ▁– ▁Cit adel ; ▁attack ▁on ▁Soviet ▁sal ient ▁at ▁Kur sk , ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 3 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Gl oss ary ▁of ▁Nazi ▁Germany ▁ ▁We im ar ▁param il itary ▁groups ▁ ▁R anks ▁and ▁In sign ia ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁Army ▁in ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁ ▁R anks ▁and ▁ins ign ia ▁of ▁the ▁Sch utz staff el ▁ ▁Compar ative ▁military ▁ranks ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁SS ▁personnel ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁General ▁references ▁ ▁Andrew , ▁Stephen ; ▁Thomas , ▁N ig el ; ▁The ▁German ▁Army ▁ 1 9 3 9 - 4 5 : ▁Bl itz krieg . ▁O sp rey ▁Publishing ▁L t ., ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁ ▁B id erm ann , ▁Gott l ob ▁Herbert . ▁In ▁Dead ly ▁Com bat : ▁A ▁German ▁Sold ier ' s ▁Mem oir ▁of ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Front . ▁Kansas , ▁University ▁Press ▁of ▁Kansas . ▁( 2 0 0 1 ): ▁. ▁▁▁ ▁R ott man , ▁Gordon ▁L . ▁" F UB AR : ▁Sold ier ▁S lang ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ". ▁London , ▁O sp rey ▁Publishing . ▁( 2 0 0 7 ): ▁. ▁( Contains ▁German ▁sl ang ▁chapter .) |
▁ ▁Shir er , ▁William ; ▁The ▁R ise ▁and ▁Fall ▁of ▁the ▁Third ▁Reich . ▁Simon ▁& ▁Sch uster . ▁( 1 9 9 0 ): ▁. ▁ ▁S ny der , ▁Louis ▁L . ▁En cycl op edia ▁of ▁the ▁Third ▁Reich . ▁London : ▁Robert ▁H ale , ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁▁ ▁Zent ner , ▁Christian ▁and ▁Fried em ann ▁Bed ür ft ig ▁( 1 9 9 1 ). ▁The ▁En cycl op edia ▁of ▁the ▁Third ▁Reich . ▁Mac mill an , ▁New ▁York . ▁▁ ▁Germany ▁German ▁military ▁terms ▁Military ▁Category : Mil itary ▁history ▁of ▁Germany ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : G erman ▁military - related ▁lists ▁German <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁( WD s ) ▁is ▁central ▁London ’ s ▁only ▁Army ▁Reserve ▁caval ry ▁sub unit . ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Ye oman ry ' s ▁six ▁squad rons , ▁the ▁squad ron ' s ▁current ▁role ▁is ▁light ▁caval ry : ▁to ▁provide ▁a ▁rapidly ▁deploy able ▁force ▁with ▁fast ▁mobility ▁and ▁substantial ▁fire power ▁in ▁support ▁of ▁operations . ▁Form ed ▁in ▁the ▁after math ▁of ▁Second ▁Bo er ▁War ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry , ▁the ▁W D s ▁fought ▁in ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Gall ip oli ▁and ▁led ▁British ▁forces ▁onto ▁the ▁be aches ▁during ▁the ▁Norm andy ▁Inv asion ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁most ▁recently ▁saw ▁action ▁on ▁Operation |
▁Tel ic , ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁mobil ised ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁war ▁in ▁Iraq ▁and ▁again ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁for ▁peace ▁support ▁operations ▁there . ▁Sold iers ▁and ▁officers ▁of ▁the ▁squad ron ▁have ▁also ▁deployed ▁as ▁individual ▁repl ac ements ▁on ▁Operation ▁Herr ick ▁in ▁Afghanistan ▁and ▁on ▁Operation ▁Cab rit ▁in ▁Poland . ▁ ▁Pre curs ors ▁ ▁The ▁reg iment ▁was ▁first ▁recru ited ▁from ▁wealthy ▁merch ants ▁and ▁bank ers ▁as ▁the ▁London ▁and ▁West min ster ▁Light ▁Horse ▁in ▁ 1 7 7 9 . ▁It ▁was ▁dis band ed ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 3 ▁but ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 3 ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister , ▁William ▁Pitt ▁the ▁Young er , ▁proposed ▁that ▁the ▁English ▁Count ies ▁form ▁a ▁force ▁of ▁Vol unte er ▁Ye oman ▁C aval ry ▁that ▁could ▁be ▁called ▁on ▁by ▁the ▁King ▁to ▁defend ▁the ▁country ▁against ▁invasion ▁or ▁by ▁the ▁Lord ▁Lieutenant ▁to ▁sub due ▁any ▁civil ▁disorder ▁within ▁the ▁country . ▁So ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁reform ed ▁again ▁the ▁following ▁year . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁was ▁renamed ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Vol unte er ▁C aval ry ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 7 . ▁and ▁barr acks ▁were ▁built ▁to ▁accommodate ▁the ▁reg iment ▁in ▁Gray ' s ▁Inn ▁Road ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 2 . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁was ▁dis band ed ▁again ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 9 ▁and ▁the ▁barr acks ▁were ▁de comm ission ed ▁in |
▁ 1 8 3 0 . ▁ ▁Imperial ▁Ye oman ry ▁Following ▁a ▁string ▁of ▁defe ats ▁during ▁Black ▁Week ▁in ▁early ▁December ▁ 1 8 9 9 , ▁the ▁British ▁government ▁realised ▁that ▁it ▁would ▁need ▁more ▁troops ▁than ▁just ▁the ▁Regular ▁Army ▁to ▁fight ▁the ▁Second ▁Bo er ▁War . ▁On ▁ 1 3 ▁December , ▁the ▁decision ▁to ▁allow ▁volunteer ▁forces ▁to ▁serve ▁in ▁South ▁Africa ▁was ▁made , ▁and ▁a ▁Royal ▁W arr ant ▁was ▁issued ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁December . ▁This ▁officially ▁created ▁the ▁Imperial ▁Ye oman ry ▁( I Y ). ▁The ▁force ▁was ▁organ ised ▁as ▁county ▁service ▁companies ▁of ▁approximately ▁ 1 1 5 ▁men ▁signed ▁up ▁for ▁one ▁year , ▁and ▁volunteers ▁from ▁the ▁Ye oman ry ▁C aval ry ▁and ▁civ ilians ▁( us ually ▁middle ▁and ▁upper ▁class ) ▁quickly ▁filled ▁the ▁new ▁force , ▁which ▁was ▁equipped ▁to ▁operate ▁as ▁Mount ed ▁inf antry ▁( see ▁dr ago on ). ▁Second ▁and ▁third ▁conting ents ▁were ▁sent ▁out ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁years . ▁ ▁One ▁such ▁unit ▁was ▁the ▁ 2 4 th ▁( Met ropolitan ▁Mount ed ▁R if les ) ▁Batt alion , ▁consisting ▁of ▁▁ 9 4 th , ▁ 9 5 th , ▁ 9 6 th ▁and ▁ 9 7 th ▁( Met ropolitan ▁Mount ed ▁R if les ) ▁Companies ▁raised ▁in ▁London ▁for ▁the ▁second ▁conting ent ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁March ▁ 1 9 0 1 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 |
0 1 , ▁ 1 6 ▁new ▁I Y ▁reg iments ▁raised ▁from ▁veterans ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁I Y ▁conting ent ▁returning ▁from ▁South ▁Africa ▁were ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁existing ▁Ye oman ry ▁C aval ry . ▁The ▁ 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Imperial ▁Ye oman ry ▁was ▁formed ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁August ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁with ▁four ▁squad rons ▁and ▁a ▁machine ▁gun ▁section , ▁perpet u ating ▁the ▁ 2 4 th ▁( Met ropolitan ▁Mount ed ▁R if les ) ▁Batt alion . ▁Over ▁ 8 0 0 ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment ▁served ▁in ▁South ▁Africa , ▁and ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Battle ▁Hon our ▁South ▁Africa ▁ 1 9 0 2 . ▁On ▁ 2 ▁August ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁West min ster ▁Council ▁granted ▁permission ▁for ▁the ▁reg iment ▁to ▁adopt ▁the ▁sub title ▁' ( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons )' ▁( to ▁perpet uate ▁the ▁ 1 7 7 9 - 1 8 2 9 ▁units ) ▁and ▁to ▁use ▁the ▁city ' s ▁coat - of - arms ▁as ▁its ▁cap ▁bad ge . ▁ ▁From ▁the ▁start ▁it ▁was ▁smart ▁reg iment ▁filled ▁with ▁wealthy ▁gentle men ▁from ▁the ▁City ▁and ▁the ▁West ▁End . ▁Their ▁attitude ▁and ▁att ire ▁was ▁such ▁that , ▁as ▁they ▁str utt ed ▁across ▁West ▁London , ▁members ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁' P icc ad illy ▁Pe ac ocks '. ▁Several ▁of ▁the ▁unit ' s ▁first ▁officers |
▁were ▁former ▁officers ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁The ▁Royal ▁Dr ago ons , ▁for er unn ers ▁of ▁the ▁Blues ▁and ▁Roy als ; ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁tro op ▁leaders ▁was ▁Raj ▁Raj end ra ▁Nar ay an , ▁Mah ar aj ▁Kum ar ▁( Pr ince ) ▁of ▁Co och ▁Be har . ▁They ▁brought ▁with ▁them ▁the ▁Roy als ' ▁pre - Water lo o ▁cap ▁bad ge , ▁which ▁was ▁later ▁adopted ▁by ▁Col on els ▁and ▁Brig ad iers ▁of ▁the ▁staff , ▁which ▁is ▁why , ▁until ▁a ▁common ▁Royal ▁Ye oman ry ▁cap bad ge ▁was ▁adopted ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁young ▁W D ▁officers ▁often ▁found ▁themselves ▁am used ▁at ▁being ▁sal ut ed ▁by ▁officers ▁of ▁higher ▁rank . ▁The ▁W D ▁stable ▁belt ▁( w orn ▁in ▁barr acks ) ▁bears ▁the ▁Royal ▁racing ▁colours ▁– ▁the ▁imperial ▁h ues ▁of ▁purple , ▁gold ▁and ▁scar let ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁the ▁personal ▁friendship ▁of ▁its ▁first ▁command ing ▁officer , ▁Colonel ▁Charles ▁R osed ew ▁Burn , ▁with ▁King ▁Edward ▁VII , ▁whose ▁A ide - de - camp ▁Burn ▁had ▁been ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁Prince ▁of ▁Wales . ▁▁ ▁As ▁an ▁urban ▁reg iment , ▁the ▁ye omen ▁were ▁unable ▁to ▁supply ▁their ▁own ▁horses , ▁so ▁the ▁senior ▁West min ster ▁officers ▁made ▁use ▁of ▁their ▁links ▁to ▁the ▁highest ▁ranks ▁of ▁Society ▁to ▁borrow ▁mount s ▁from ▁the ▁House hold ▁C aval ry ▁for ▁summer |
▁training ▁camps . ▁Later ▁horses ▁were ▁hired . ▁Even ▁at ▁this ▁time , ▁the ▁W D s ▁were ▁at ▁the ▁fore front ▁of ▁using ▁new ▁equipment , ▁being ▁the ▁second ▁unit ▁in ▁the ▁British ▁army ▁after ▁the ▁West mor land ▁and ▁C umber land ▁Ye oman ry ▁to ▁be ▁equipped ▁with ▁mobile ▁wireless . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 0 , ▁Lord ▁Howard ▁de ▁Wal den ▁presented ▁two ▁Mar con i ▁pack ▁sets ▁to ▁the ▁reg iment . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁the ▁reg imental ▁headquarters ▁( R H Q ) ▁was ▁at ▁ 1 0 2 ▁Victoria ▁Street , ▁but ▁by ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁it ▁had ▁moved ▁to ▁ 1 ▁El ver ton ▁Street , ▁West min ster . ▁ ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁When ▁the ▁I Y ▁were ▁sub sum ed ▁into ▁the ▁new ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁( TF ) ▁under ▁the ▁H ald ane ▁Re forms ▁of ▁ 1 9 0 8 , ▁the ▁reg iment ▁simply ▁dropped ▁' Im per ial ' ▁from ▁its ▁title . ▁It ▁was ▁attached ▁to ▁the ▁London ▁Mount ed ▁Brigade ▁for ▁training , ▁but ▁was ▁otherwise ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁London ▁District . ▁ ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁ ▁M obil isation ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ' ▁summer ▁camp ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁was ▁at ▁G oring - on - Th ames . ▁It ▁began ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁July , ▁but ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁recalled ▁to ▁West min ster ▁when ▁mobil isation |
▁orders ▁arrived ▁on ▁ 5 ▁August . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁re organ ised ▁on ▁the ▁three - s quad ron ▁basis ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁Regular ▁caval ry ▁and ▁purchased ▁horses . ▁ ▁In ▁accordance ▁with ▁the ▁Terr itor ial ▁and ▁Reserve ▁Forces ▁Act ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁( 7 ▁Ed w . ▁ 7 , ▁c . 9 ), ▁which ▁brought ▁the ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁into ▁being , ▁the ▁TF ▁was ▁intended ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁home ▁defence ▁force ▁for ▁service ▁during ▁w art ime ▁and ▁members ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁comp elled ▁to ▁serve ▁outside ▁the ▁country . ▁However , ▁on ▁the ▁outbreak ▁of ▁war ▁on ▁ 4 ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 4 , ▁many ▁members ▁volunte ered ▁for ▁Imperial ▁Service . ▁Therefore , ▁TF ▁units ▁were ▁split ▁in ▁August ▁and ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁into ▁ 1 st ▁Line ▁( li able ▁for ▁overseas ▁service ) ▁and ▁ 2 nd ▁Line ▁( home ▁service ▁for ▁those ▁unable ▁or ▁unw illing ▁to ▁serve ▁overseas ) ▁units . ▁Later , ▁a ▁ 3 rd ▁Line ▁was ▁formed ▁to ▁act ▁as ▁a ▁reserve , ▁providing ▁trained ▁repl ac ements ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁and ▁ 2 nd ▁Line ▁reg iments . ▁▁ 1 / 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ▁ ▁Egypt ▁The ▁reg iment ▁s ailed ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁September ▁for ▁Egypt , ▁thereby ▁being ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁Ye oman ry ▁reg iments ▁to ▁go ▁overseas ▁on ▁active ▁service . ▁It ▁arrived ▁at ▁Alexand ria |
▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁September ▁and ▁went ▁to ▁relie ve ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁Dr ago on ▁Gu ards ▁as ▁the ▁C airo ▁G arr ison ▁caval ry ▁reg iment . ▁On ▁ 1 9 ▁January ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁it ▁joined ▁the ▁ 1 / 1 st ▁H ert ford shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁to ▁form ▁the ▁Ye oman ry ▁Mount ed ▁Brigade . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁carried ▁out ▁security ▁and ▁escort ▁duties ▁in ▁C airo ▁and ▁patrol s ▁on ▁the ▁f ringe ▁of ▁the ▁S ina i ▁Des ert ▁to ▁protect ▁the ▁Sue z ▁Canal . ▁ ▁The ▁brig ade ▁joined ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Mount ed ▁Division ▁on ▁ 1 3 ▁August ▁and ▁was ▁re design ated ▁as ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁( Y e oman ry ) ▁Mount ed ▁Brigade . ▁It ▁was ▁dis mount ed ▁to ▁take ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁Gall ip oli ▁Campaign , ▁leaving ▁a ▁squad ron ▁H Q ▁and ▁two ▁troops ▁( about ▁ 1 0 0 ▁officers ▁and ▁men ) ▁in ▁Egypt ▁to ▁look ▁after ▁the ▁horses . ▁ ▁Gall ip oli ▁ ▁The ▁reg iment ▁s ailed ▁from ▁Alexand ria ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁August , ▁arriving ▁at ▁M ud ros ▁on ▁ 1 7 ▁August . ▁It ▁landed ▁at ▁" A " ▁Beach , ▁Su v la ▁Bay ▁the ▁following ▁day ▁and ▁moved ▁into ▁reserve ▁positions ▁at ▁L ala ▁B aba ▁on ▁the ▁night ▁of ▁ 2 0 ▁August . ▁On ▁ 2 1 ▁August , ▁it ▁advanced ▁to ▁Ch |
ocolate ▁Hill ▁and ▁was ▁in ▁reserve ▁for ▁the ▁attacks ▁on ▁Sc im itar ▁Hill ▁and ▁Hill ▁ 1 1 2 . ▁Due ▁to ▁losses ▁during ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Sc im itar ▁Hill ▁and ▁was t age ▁during ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Mount ed ▁Division ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁re organ ised . ▁ ▁On ▁ 4 ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Com posite ▁Mount ed ▁Brigade ▁was ▁formed ▁from ▁ 1 st ▁( 1 st ▁South ▁Mid land ), ▁ 2 nd ▁( 2 nd ▁South ▁Mid land ) ▁and ▁ 5 th ▁( Y e oman ry ) ▁Mount ed ▁Brig ades . ▁ ▁Each ▁dis mount ed ▁brig ade ▁formed ▁a ▁batt alion ▁s ized ▁unit , ▁hence ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁am alg am ated ▁with ▁the ▁H ert ford shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁to ▁form ▁ 5 th ▁Ye oman ry ▁Regiment . ▁ ▁Western ▁Front ier ▁ 5 th ▁Ye oman ry ▁Regiment ▁left ▁Su v la ▁on ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁ 1 9 1 5 ▁for ▁M ud ros . ▁It ▁left ▁M ud ros ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁November , ▁arrived ▁at ▁Alexand ria ▁on ▁ 1 ▁December ▁and ▁went ▁to ▁M ena ▁Camp , ▁C airo . ▁The ▁brig ade ▁left ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Mount ed ▁Division ▁on ▁ 7 ▁December , ▁was ▁reform ed ▁and ▁rem ount ed , ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁Western ▁Front ier ▁Force . ▁The ▁Ye oman |
ry ▁Mount ed ▁Brigade ▁was ▁broken ▁up ▁by ▁March ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁and ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁attached ▁to ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Mount ed ▁Brigade , ▁still ▁in ▁the ▁Western ▁Front ier ▁Force . ▁▁ ▁The ▁reg iment ▁was ▁split ▁up ▁at ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 7 : ▁ ▁R H Q , ▁C ▁Squadron ▁and ▁the ▁Machine ▁Gun ▁Section ▁were ▁on ▁the ▁Northern ▁Section ▁of ▁the ▁Sue z ▁Canal ▁Def ences ▁ ▁A ▁Squadron ▁was ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁( W el sh ) ▁Division ▁from ▁ 1 4 ▁January ▁to ▁ 1 4 ▁February ▁then ▁with ▁ 7 4 th ▁( Y e oman ry ) ▁Division ▁from ▁ 5 ▁April ▁to ▁ 2 3 ▁August ▁ ▁B ▁Squadron ▁acted ▁as ▁the ▁dep ot ▁squad ron ▁at ▁Zeit oun , ▁C airo ▁from ▁ 1 7 ▁January ▁to ▁ 2 3 ▁August ▁ ▁Palest ine ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁now ▁joined ▁the ▁Egyptian ▁Ex ped ition ary ▁Force ▁( EE F ) ▁for ▁the ▁S ina i ▁and ▁Palest ine ▁campaign . ▁In ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 7 , ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁concentrated ▁and ▁formed ▁XX ▁Corps ▁C aval ry ▁Regiment . ▁The ▁W D s ▁were ▁involved ▁in ▁fierce ▁fighting , ▁both ▁mounted ▁and ▁dis mount ed . ▁Early ▁on ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁the ▁reg iment ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁attack ▁on ▁Be ers he ba . ▁In ▁the ▁first ▁phase ▁it ▁held ▁a |
▁position ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁fl ank ▁of ▁XX ▁Corps ▁under ▁sh rap nel ▁and ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire . ▁A ▁and ▁B ▁Squad rons ▁fired ▁inter mitt ent ▁burst s ▁of ▁rifle ▁and ▁Hot chk iss ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire , ▁but ▁expected ▁a ▁counter - att ack . ▁The ▁inf antry ▁attacked ▁at ▁ 1 2 . 1 5 ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁phase , ▁and ▁the ▁Tur ks ▁began ▁ret iring ▁from ▁their ▁central ▁position . ▁At ▁ 1 4 . 0 0 ▁the ▁W D ▁moved ▁out ▁in ▁mounted ▁pursuit ▁but ▁were ▁held ▁up ▁after ▁about ▁a ▁mile ▁by ▁heavy ▁sh rap nel ▁and ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire . ▁At ▁ 1 6 . 3 0 ▁the ▁enemy ▁retired . ▁The ▁W D ' s ▁casual ties ▁amount ed ▁to ▁one ▁other ▁rank ▁( OR ) ▁and ▁two ▁horses ▁killed , ▁one ▁officer , ▁ 1 6 ▁OR s ▁and ▁several ▁horses ▁wounded ; ▁the ▁engagement ▁resulted ▁in ▁awards ▁of ▁one ▁Military ▁Cross ▁( MC ) ▁and ▁three ▁Military ▁Medal ▁( MM ) ▁to ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁reg iment . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁Be ers he ba , ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁briefly ▁split ▁with ▁C ▁S q n ▁covering ▁the ▁advance ▁of ▁ 5 3 rd ▁( W el sh ) ▁Division ▁and ▁A ▁& ▁B ▁S q ns ▁attached ▁to ▁the ▁Australian ▁Mount ed ▁Division ▁operating ▁between ▁Be ers he ba ▁and ▁G aza . ▁It ▁came ▁back ▁under ▁XX ▁Corps ▁in ▁November . ▁A ▁Squadron ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁formed |
▁body ▁of ▁troops ▁to ▁enter ▁Jerusalem ▁after ▁the ▁city ▁had ▁been ▁sur rend ered ▁to ▁two ▁ser ge ants ▁of ▁ 2 / 1 9 th ▁Batt alion , ▁London ▁Regiment , ▁and ▁the ▁reg iment ▁bears ▁the ▁liber ation ▁of ▁that ▁city ▁as ▁a ▁battle ▁honour . ▁ ▁All ▁squad rons ▁were ▁then ▁withd rawn ▁for ▁security ▁duties ▁at ▁Beth le hem , ▁then ▁operated ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁fl ank ▁of ▁the ▁army , ▁where ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁December ▁C ▁S q n ▁rep uls ed ▁a ▁serious ▁attempt ▁by ▁the ▁Tur ks ▁from ▁De ir ▁I bn ▁O be id ▁to ▁rec apture ▁Jerusalem . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁E EF ▁res umed ▁its ▁advance ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁the ▁W D ▁advanced ▁ 1 0 ▁miles ▁beyond ▁Jerusalem , ▁but ▁the ▁German ▁Spring ▁Off ensive ▁led ▁to ▁an ▁urgent ▁call ▁for ▁troops ▁to ▁be ▁sent ▁from ▁the ▁E EF ▁to ▁reinforce ▁the ▁British ▁Ex ped ition ary ▁Force ▁( BE F ), ▁and ▁nine ▁Ye oman ry ▁reg iments ▁were ▁hurried ly ▁converted ▁to ▁the ▁machine ▁gun ▁role . ▁ ▁Western ▁Front ▁In ▁April ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁the ▁reg iment ▁left ▁XX ▁Corps ▁and ▁was ▁reform ed ▁as ▁F ▁Batt alion , ▁Machine ▁Gun ▁Corps . ▁F ▁Batt alion , ▁M GC ▁was ▁posted ▁to ▁France , ▁arriving ▁on ▁ 1 ▁June ▁ 1 9 1 8 . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 9 ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁it ▁was ▁re number |
ed ▁as ▁ 1 0 4 th ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ) ▁Batt alion , ▁Machine ▁Gun ▁Corps . ▁It ▁remained ▁on ▁the ▁Western ▁Front ▁for ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁war . ▁At ▁the ▁Arm ist ice , ▁it ▁was ▁serving ▁as ▁Army ▁Tro ops ▁with ▁the ▁Second ▁Army . ▁▁ 2 / 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ▁The ▁ 2 nd ▁Line ▁reg iment ▁was ▁formed ▁at ▁West min ster ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 4 . ▁Early ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁it ▁went ▁to ▁Fel th am ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁to ▁H arl ow . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁three ▁versions ▁of ▁its ▁subsequent ▁history : ▁ ▁Order ▁of ▁Battle ▁of ▁Div isions ▁Part ▁ 2 A . ▁The ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁Mount ed ▁Div isions ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 st - Line ▁Terr itor ial ▁Force ▁Div isions ▁( 4 2 - 5 6 ) ▁says ▁that ▁the ▁reg iment ▁joined ▁the ▁ 6 0 th ▁( 2 / 2 nd ▁London ) ▁Division ▁at ▁H arl ow ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁June ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁transferred ▁to ▁ 6 1 st ▁( 2 nd ▁South ▁Mid land ) ▁Division ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁January ▁ 1 9 1 6 ▁until ▁February ▁when ▁the ▁division ▁moved ▁to ▁W ilt shire . ▁On ▁ 2 0 ▁February , ▁it ▁joined ▁ 5 9 th ▁( 2 nd ▁North ▁Mid land ) ▁Division ▁and ▁was ▁with ▁the ▁division |
▁until ▁April . ▁ ▁the ▁official ▁Command ers ▁Home ▁Forces ▁shows ▁the ▁reg iment ▁with ▁the ▁ 5 8 th ▁Division ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 9 1 6 . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁then ▁listed ▁as ▁overseas ▁up ▁to ▁April ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁and ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁as ▁with ▁the ▁T ank ▁Corps . ▁ ▁the ▁reg imental ▁history , ▁ 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ) ▁Ye oman ry : ▁The ▁First ▁Twenty ▁Years ▁says ▁that ▁the ▁reg iment ▁went ▁to ▁France , ▁dis mount ed , ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 5 ▁for ▁guard ▁duties . ▁It ▁then ▁returned ▁to ▁W ool ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 6 . ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁ranks ▁were ▁posted ▁to ▁the ▁inf antry ▁and ▁the ▁officers ▁and ▁senior ▁N CO s ▁joined ▁the ▁T ank ▁Corps . ▁There ▁are ▁no ▁battle ▁hon ours ▁to ▁support ▁overseas ▁service ▁in ▁France . ▁It ▁appears ▁that ▁the ▁unit ▁was ▁absorbed ▁into ▁the ▁T ank ▁Corps . ▁▁ 3 / 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ▁The ▁ 3 rd ▁Line ▁reg iment ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 5 ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁was ▁affili ated ▁to ▁a ▁Reserve ▁C aval ry ▁Regiment ▁in ▁Eastern ▁Command . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁it ▁was ▁with ▁the ▁ 9 th ▁Reserve ▁C aval ry ▁Regiment ▁at ▁The ▁Cur rag h ▁and ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 |
9 1 7 ▁it ▁was ▁absorbed ▁into ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁Reserve ▁C aval ry ▁Regiment ▁at ▁Ald ers hot . ▁ ▁Inter war ▁After ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁the ▁W D s ▁once ▁again ▁embr aced ▁new ▁technology , ▁making ▁the ▁decision ▁to ▁become ▁an ▁arm oured ▁car ▁unit ▁at ▁a ▁time ▁when ▁many ▁ye oman ry ▁units ▁were ▁determined ▁to ▁remain ▁mounted . ▁The ▁decision ▁to ▁accept ▁immediate ▁conversion ▁was ▁that ▁of ▁its ▁then ▁command ing ▁officer , ▁Lord ▁Howard ▁de ▁Wal den . ▁On ▁ 1 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 0 , ▁the ▁reg iment ▁reform ed ▁with ▁the ▁title ▁ 4 th ▁Arm oured ▁Car ▁Company ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ), ▁but ▁this ▁was ▁quickly ▁changed ▁to ▁ 2 2 nd ▁( London ) ▁Arm oured ▁Car ▁Company ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ), ▁T ank ▁Corps ▁in ▁the ▁ret itled ▁Terr itor ial ▁Army ▁( TA ), ▁thus ▁forming ▁its ▁link ▁with ▁the ▁T ank ▁Corps ▁( R oyal ▁T ank ▁Corps ▁from ▁ 1 8 ▁October ▁ 1 9 2 3 , ▁and ▁ ▁Royal ▁T ank ▁Regiment ▁( R TR ) ▁from ▁ 1 1 ▁April ▁ 1 9 3 9 ). ▁ ▁The ▁arm oured ▁car ▁company ▁was ▁expanded ▁to ▁a ▁full ▁batt alion ▁( 2 2 nd ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ) ▁Batt alion , ▁R TR ) ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁ ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁ ▁Officer ▁Training ▁On ▁mobil |
isation ▁at ▁the ▁outbreak ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 3 9 , ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁became ▁an ▁Officer ▁Cad et ▁Training ▁Unit , ▁with ▁over ▁ 9 0 ▁per ▁cent ▁of ▁pre - war ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁gaining ▁their ▁comm issions ▁and ▁transfer ring ▁into ▁units ▁throughout ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁before ▁the ▁Regiment ▁re verted ▁to ▁an ▁arm oured ▁role ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁Among ▁them ▁was ▁Captain ▁Philip ▁John ▁Gard ner ▁V C ▁MC , ▁who ▁had ▁joined ▁as ▁a ▁tro oper ▁before ▁the ▁war , ▁commissioned ▁and ▁then ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁R TR , ▁going ▁on ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁Victoria ▁Cross ▁for ▁saving ▁the ▁life ▁of ▁a ▁badly ▁wounded ▁officer ▁of ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Dr ago on ▁Gu ards ▁whose ▁arm oured ▁car ▁was ▁out ▁of ▁action ▁and ▁under ▁heavy ▁fire . ▁ ▁Special ist ▁arm our ▁ ▁The ▁reg iment ▁reg ained ▁its ▁combat ▁status ▁in ▁ 1 1 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁when ▁it ▁became ▁ 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ▁( West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ) ▁in ▁the ▁Royal ▁Arm oured ▁Corps ▁( R AC ) ▁– ▁always ▁known ▁as ▁simply ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁joined ▁the ▁newly - formed ▁ 3 0 th ▁Arm oured ▁Brigade ▁in ▁ 1 1 th ▁Arm oured ▁Division ▁on ▁ 8 ▁March ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁In ▁May ▁ |
1 9 4 2 ▁the ▁brig ade ▁transferred ▁to ▁ 4 2 nd ▁Arm oured ▁Division , ▁and ▁then ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁to ▁ 7 9 th ▁Arm oured ▁Division ▁under ▁Major - General ▁Per cy ▁Hob art . ▁This ▁division ▁was ▁equip ping ▁with ▁specialist ▁arm our ▁(' H ob art ' s ▁F unn ies ') ▁for ▁the ▁planned ▁All ied ▁invasion ▁of ▁Norm andy ▁( Operation ▁Over lord ), ▁and ▁ 3 0 th ▁Arm oured ▁became ▁the ▁Fl ail ▁tank ▁brig ade ▁of ▁the ▁division . ▁ ▁The ▁Germans ▁planted ▁over ▁four ▁million ▁mines ▁along ▁the ▁French ▁coast ▁to ▁h inder ▁the ▁All ied ▁land ings ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁To ▁break ▁through ▁these ▁def ences ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁Norm andy ▁Inv asion , ▁the ▁British ▁produced ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁novel ▁arm oured ▁fighting ▁vehicles ▁under ▁Hob art ' s ▁ingen ious ▁direction , ▁including ▁the ▁Sher man ▁Cr ab . ▁The ▁Cr ab ▁bore ▁a ▁rot ating ▁drum ▁with ▁dozens ▁of ▁chains ▁attached ; ▁these ▁det on ated ▁mines ▁in ▁its ▁path ▁to ▁produce ▁a ▁beaten ▁passage ▁through ▁the ▁thick est ▁of ▁mine fields . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 ▁January ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁then ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁L t - Col ▁W . Y . K . ▁Bl air - O l iph ant , ▁ ▁the ▁reg iment ▁moved ▁to ▁Thor pen ess ▁in ▁S uff olk ▁to ▁begin ▁fl ail ▁training , ▁though |
▁no ▁fl ail ▁tanks ▁had ▁yet ▁arrived . ▁In ▁the ▁meantime ▁it ▁received ▁a ▁draft ▁of ▁men ▁who ▁had ▁experience ▁with ▁the ▁Sc orp ion ▁fl ail , ▁and ▁some ▁tanks ▁equipped ▁with ▁anti - mine ▁roll ers . ▁By ▁February ▁the ▁reg iment ▁had ▁a ▁mixed ▁ro ster ▁of ▁tanks ▁for ▁training : ▁ 1 9 ▁Sher man ▁V , ▁ 1 7 ▁Cent aur ▁ 1 , ▁ 4 ▁C rom well , ▁ 6 ▁Valentine ▁II ▁Sc orp ions , ▁but ▁only ▁ 3 ▁of ▁the ▁Sher man ▁Cr abs ▁that ▁they ▁would ▁take ▁into ▁action . ▁The ▁slow , ▁unsafe ▁Sc orp ions ▁were ▁too ▁unlike ▁the ▁Cr ab ▁to ▁be ▁much ▁use ▁for ▁training . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁pract ised ▁driving ▁on ▁and ▁off ▁a ▁concrete ▁mock - up ▁of ▁a ▁tank ▁landing ▁craft ▁( L CT ), ▁the ▁entrance ▁of ▁which ▁was ▁ ▁only ▁ ▁wider ▁than ▁the ▁rot or ▁of ▁the ▁Cr ab . ▁It ▁also ▁pract ised ▁indirect ▁gun fire ▁techniques ▁controlled ▁by ▁a ▁For ward ▁Observ ation ▁Officer ▁( FO O ). ▁ ▁In ▁March ▁the ▁reg iment ▁received ▁its ▁orders ▁to ▁mobil ise , ▁and ▁training ▁intens ified . ▁The ▁last ▁major ▁exercise ▁(' F ab ius ') ▁was ▁held ▁in ▁early ▁May , ▁but ▁there ▁were ▁still ▁too ▁few ▁Cr abs : ▁the ▁reg iment ▁collected ▁more ▁Sher man ▁V ▁' Quick ▁Fix ' ▁gun ▁tanks ▁that ▁could ▁be ▁fitted ▁as ▁' p il ot ' ▁roll er ▁tanks , ▁but ▁in |
▁the ▁event ▁these ▁were ▁used ▁as ▁command ▁tanks . ▁Later ▁in ▁the ▁month ▁the ▁reg iment ▁concentrated ▁in ▁camp ▁at ▁St ans wood ▁in ▁Hampshire , ▁ready ▁to ▁emb ark ▁for ▁Norm andy ▁with ▁ 5 6 ▁Cr abs , ▁ 2 6 ▁Sher mans , ▁ 3 ▁Arm oured ▁recovery ▁vehicles ▁( AR V s ) ▁and ▁ 1 3 ▁Sc out ▁cars ; ▁it ▁still ▁had ▁ 6 ▁Sc orp ions ▁on ▁charge , ▁but ▁these ▁were ▁left ▁behind , ▁as ▁were ▁the ▁' Roll ers '. ▁ ▁D ▁Day ▁For ▁the ▁assault ▁land ings ▁the ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁were ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁ 5 0 th ▁( N orth umb rian ) ▁Infan try ▁Division ▁on ▁Gold ▁Beach , ▁with ▁A ▁Squadron ▁det ached ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁ 2 2 nd ▁Dr ago ons ▁to ▁work ▁with ▁ 3 rd ▁Canadian ▁Division ▁on ▁Jun o ▁Beach ▁and ▁ 3 rd ▁British ▁Division ▁on ▁S word ▁Beach . ▁The ▁Cr abs ▁were ▁to ▁form ▁composite ▁bre aching ▁teams ▁with ▁Arm oured ▁V ehicle ▁Royal ▁Engine ers ▁( AV RE s ) ▁fitted ▁with ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁devices ▁to ▁make ▁l anes ▁through ▁the ▁enemy ' s ▁beach ▁def ences . ▁These ▁teams ▁had ▁trained ▁together ▁at ▁St ans wood ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁ 6 ▁June , ▁D ▁Day , ▁they ▁were ▁deployed ▁as ▁follows : ▁ ▁Part ▁of ▁A ▁S q n , ▁W D , ▁and ▁ 8 0 ▁S q n , |
▁ 5 ▁Ass ault ▁Regiment , ▁Royal ▁Engine ers ▁( RE )) ▁with ▁ 8 ▁Canadian ▁Brigade ▁( N an ▁Beach ) ▁ ▁W ▁and ▁Y ▁Bre aching ▁S q ns ▁( 1 3 ▁Cr abs ▁of ▁B ▁S q n , ▁W D , ▁and ▁ 8 2 ▁S q n , ▁ 6 ▁Ass ault ▁Regiment , ▁RE ) ▁with ▁ 2 3 1 ▁B de ▁( J ig ▁Beach ) ▁ ▁X ▁and ▁Z ▁Bre aching ▁S q ns ▁( 1 3 ▁Cr abs ▁of ▁C ▁S q n , ▁W D , ▁and ▁ 8 1 ▁S q n , ▁ 6 ▁Ass ault ▁Regiment , ▁RE ) ▁with ▁ 6 9 ▁B de ▁( King ▁Beach ) ▁ ▁The ▁L CT s ▁were ▁supposed ▁to ▁be ▁preced ed ▁by ▁Sher man ▁D D ▁' sw im ming ' ▁tanks , ▁but ▁in ▁Gold ▁sector ▁the ▁surf ▁was ▁too ▁bad ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁not ▁launched , ▁so ▁the ▁bre aching ▁teams ▁were ▁the ▁first ▁vehicles ▁ash ore ▁at ▁H - H our ▁( 0 7 . 2 5 ). ▁They ▁then ▁got ▁to ▁work . ▁For ▁example , ▁L t ▁Pear ▁leading ▁two ▁Cr abs ▁with ▁No ▁ 1 ▁Bre aching ▁Team ▁of ▁X ▁Bre aching ▁S q n ▁drove ▁off ▁the ▁L CT ▁and ▁w aded ▁ ▁to ▁the ▁beach , ▁where ▁his ▁rear ▁tank ▁got ▁bog ged ▁in ▁clay . ▁Pear ▁fl ailed ▁a ▁lane ▁across ▁the ▁beach ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁later al ▁road ▁and ▁turned ▁left |
▁as ▁planned . ▁His ▁role ▁now ▁was ▁to ▁remain ▁in ▁reserve , ▁giving ▁covering ▁fire . ▁However , ▁the ▁team ▁at ▁No ▁ 3 ▁Lane ▁had ▁failed , ▁and ▁Pear ▁was ▁ordered ▁to ▁carry ▁on ▁in land . ▁He ▁crossed ▁a ▁stream ▁and ▁an ▁anti - t ank ▁d itch , ▁finding ▁to ▁his ▁surprise ▁that ▁the ▁br idges ▁had ▁not ▁been ▁blown ▁by ▁the ▁enemy . ▁He ▁was ▁then ▁stopped ▁by ▁a ▁large ▁cr ater ▁( pro bably ▁from ▁a ▁British ▁shell ▁or ▁bomb ), ▁but ▁this ▁was ▁quickly ▁br id ged ▁by ▁an ▁AV RE ▁and ▁Pear ▁continued ▁to ▁fl ail ▁a ▁lane ▁up ▁the ▁hill ▁so ▁that ▁the ▁D D ▁tanks ▁go ▁move ▁in land . ▁No ▁ 2 ▁Team ▁was ▁held ▁up ▁beyond ▁the ▁later al ▁road ▁by ▁bog gy ▁ground ▁and ▁cr aters , ▁despite ▁making ▁a ▁' s port ing ▁effort ▁to ▁get ▁past '. ▁Both ▁Cr abs ▁of ▁No ▁ 3 ▁Team ▁got ▁to ▁the ▁beach ▁but ▁were ▁hit ▁in ▁the ▁rot or ▁by ▁a ▁German ▁ 8 8 ▁mm ▁gun ▁on ▁the ▁sea ▁wall ▁at ▁La ▁R iv ière . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁commander ▁ordered ▁the ▁AV RE ▁br id gel ayer ▁to ▁reverse ▁and ▁go ▁to ▁help ▁No ▁ 2 ▁Team . ▁ ▁In ▁Z ▁Br id ging ▁S q n , ▁Captain ▁Roger ▁Bell , ▁leading ▁No ▁ 6 ▁Bre aching ▁Team , ▁suffered ▁a ▁bur nt - out ▁st arter ▁motor , ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁tow ed ▁off ▁the ▁L CT ▁by |
▁an ▁AV RE ▁and ▁was ▁late ▁on ▁the ▁beach . ▁He ▁saw ▁an ▁AV RE ▁hit ▁by ▁the ▁troubles ome ▁' 8 8 ' ▁at ▁La ▁R iv ière , ▁so ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁a ▁position ▁where ▁he ▁could ▁engage ▁it , ▁and ▁destroyed ▁the ▁gun . ▁Bell ▁then ▁began ▁fl ailing ▁a ▁lane ▁across ▁the ▁beach , ▁but ▁got ▁bog ged ▁just ▁as ▁he ▁crossed ▁the ▁later al ▁road . ▁Corpor al ▁Thor pe ▁took ▁over , ▁but ▁had ▁a ▁track ▁blown ▁off ▁by ▁a ▁mine . ▁Bell ' s ▁Cr ab ▁was ▁then ▁tow ed ▁out ▁by ▁an ▁AV RE ▁that ▁dropped ▁its ▁F asc ine ▁into ▁the ▁bog ▁by ▁the ▁road , ▁and ▁Bell ▁proceed ed ▁up ▁the ▁road . ▁The ▁Cr abs ▁of ▁N os ▁ 4 ▁and ▁ 5 ▁Bre aching ▁Te ams ▁got ▁bog ged ▁before ▁they ▁reached ▁the ▁road , ▁but ▁No ▁ 5 ▁Team ▁gave ▁covering ▁fire ▁with ▁High ▁explos ive ▁shell ▁and ▁smoke ▁shell ▁to ▁No ▁ 6 ▁Team ▁and ▁the ▁inf antry ▁attacking ▁La ▁R iv ière . ▁ ▁B ▁Squadron ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁had ▁similar ▁experiences . ▁The ▁bre aching ▁team ▁for ▁Lane ▁ 1 ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁landed ▁because ▁the ▁L CT ▁was ▁hit ▁on ▁the ▁run ▁in , ▁and ▁the ▁team ▁for ▁Lane ▁ 2 ▁was ▁landed ▁at ▁Lane ▁ 3 . ▁Lieutenant ▁Town send - Green ' s ▁Cr ab ▁fl ailed ▁for ▁ ▁before ▁it ▁got ▁bog ged , ▁so ▁he ▁took ▁over ▁C pl |
▁Bart on ' s ▁Cr ab ▁and ▁took ▁a ▁different ▁route ▁towards ▁the ▁vital ▁ramp ▁near ▁La ▁Ham el . ▁However , ▁he ▁was ▁then ▁bog ged ▁and ▁the ▁Cr ab ▁hit ▁three ▁times ▁by ▁a ▁German ▁field ▁gun ▁at ▁La ▁Ham el . ▁The ▁Lane ▁ 3 ▁team ▁was ▁more ▁or ▁less ▁in ▁the ▁right ▁place ▁and ▁Ser je ant ▁Lind say ▁fl ailed ▁a ▁path ▁onto ▁the ▁main land . ▁He ▁then ▁turned ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁attack ▁by ▁ 1 st ▁Batt alion ▁Hampshire ▁Regiment ▁on ▁La ▁Ham el ▁but ▁the ▁Cr ab ▁was ▁destroyed ▁by ▁anti - t ank ▁fire ▁in ▁the ▁town . ▁Although ▁wounded , ▁Lind say ▁evac uated ▁his ▁crew . ▁Captain ▁Taylor ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁fl ail ▁cleared ▁a ▁lane ▁before ▁his ▁Cr ab ▁was ▁destroyed ▁by ▁a ▁double ▁mine , ▁but ▁the ▁lane ▁provided ▁a ▁clear ▁exit . ▁The ▁team ▁in ▁Lane ▁ 4 ▁was ▁completely ▁bog ged , ▁but ▁L anes ▁ 5 ▁and ▁ 6 ▁were ▁successfully ▁cleared ▁within ▁ 1 5 – 2 2 ▁minutes ▁of ▁landing , ▁despite ▁the ▁bre ach ▁commander ' s ▁Cr ab ▁being ▁hit ▁by ▁shell fire ▁on ▁the ▁landing ▁craft ▁ramp ▁and ▁burning ▁out . ▁Major ▁St any on ▁therefore ▁took ▁to ▁his ▁feet ▁to ▁direct ▁the ▁mass ▁of ▁Cr abs , ▁AV RE s ▁and ▁D D ▁tanks , ▁despite ▁heavy ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire : ▁he ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁Military ▁Cross ▁( MC ). ▁The ▁Lane ▁ 5 ▁team ▁then ▁fl ailed ▁paths ▁through ▁the |
▁in land ▁mine field ▁for ▁the ▁inf antry , ▁self - prop elled ▁( SP ) ▁artillery ▁and ▁anti - air craft ▁gun ners . ▁ ▁The ▁land ings ▁on ▁Jun o ▁beach ▁began ▁at ▁ 0 7 . 5 0 , ▁those ▁at ▁S word ▁at ▁ 0 7 . 2 5 . ▁Both ▁were ▁successful , ▁and ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁fl ailed ▁routes ▁through ▁the ▁mine fields . ▁Once ▁S word ▁was ▁secure , ▁the ▁remaining ▁ 2 ▁and ▁ 4 ▁Tr ps ▁of ▁A ▁S q n ▁were ▁landed ▁there ▁at ▁H ▁+ ▁ 3 ▁hours ▁to ▁work ▁with ▁A ▁S q n ▁ 2 2 nd ▁Dr ago ons ▁and ▁ 6 2 9 ▁Ass ault ▁S q n , ▁RE , ▁to ▁help ▁in ▁a ▁thrust ▁towards ▁Ca en ▁( they ▁were ▁a ▁late ▁addition ▁to ▁the ▁plan , ▁and ▁had ▁not ▁pract ised ▁landing ▁from ▁L CT s ). ▁The ▁mobile ▁batt leg roup ▁was ▁to ▁consist ▁of ▁the ▁tanks ▁of ▁the ▁Staff ord shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁carrying ▁inf antry ▁of ▁ 2 nd ▁Batt alion ▁King ' s ▁Sh ro pshire ▁Light ▁Infan try , ▁supported ▁by ▁SP ▁guns ▁of ▁ 7 th ▁Field ▁Regiment , ▁Royal ▁Art illery . ▁Cong est ion ▁on ▁the ▁beach ▁was ▁so ▁bad ▁that ▁the ▁Staff ord shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁only ▁linked ▁up ▁at ▁ 1 3 . 0 0 ; ▁the ▁RE ▁squad ron ▁was ▁in effective ▁after ▁heavy ▁casual ties ▁in ▁the ▁landing ▁and ▁B ▁Tr |
p ▁ 2 2 nd ▁Dr ago ons ▁had ▁just ▁two ▁fl ails ▁left ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁W D s ▁in ▁preparing ▁the ▁route . ▁The ▁inf antry ▁had ▁been ▁ready ▁since ▁ 1 1 . 0 0 ▁and ▁set ▁off ▁on ▁foot ▁at ▁ 1 2 . 3 0 , ▁leaving ▁the ▁arm our ▁and ▁their ▁heavy ▁weapons ▁to ▁catch ▁up . ▁The ▁arm oured ▁column ▁made ▁slow ▁progress , ▁restricted ▁to ▁a ▁single ▁road ▁by ▁bad ▁going ▁on ▁one ▁side ▁and ▁a ▁deep ▁mine field ▁on ▁the ▁other . ▁It ▁over to ok ▁the ▁inf antry ▁at ▁the ▁P éri ers - sur - le - Dan ▁r idge ▁and ▁reached ▁Be uv ille ▁by ▁ 1 4 . 3 0 , ▁but ▁the ▁fl ails ▁had ▁to ▁wait ▁while ▁the ▁mobile ▁column ▁fought ▁off ▁a ▁large - scale ▁counter - att ack ▁by ▁ 2 1 st ▁Pan zer ▁Division ▁from ▁Ca en . ▁Four ▁W D ▁Cr abs ▁were ▁knocked ▁out ▁in ▁this ▁engagement , ▁which ▁stopped ▁ 3 rd ▁British ▁Division ▁from ▁achieving ▁its ▁ambitious ▁objective ▁of ▁taking ▁Ca en ▁that ▁day . ▁ ▁L t - Col ▁Bl air - O l iph ant ▁had ▁landed ▁an ▁hour ▁after ▁H - H our ▁( ab oard ▁C ▁S q n ' s ▁AR V , ▁because ▁his ▁command ▁tank ▁was ▁not ▁due ▁to ▁arrive ▁until ▁later ). ▁By ▁the ▁time ▁the ▁reg iment ▁' har b oured ' ▁that ▁night , ▁B ▁S q n ' s |
▁AR V ▁and ▁C ▁S q n ' s ▁M 1 4 ▁half - track ▁had ▁landed ▁with ▁four ▁am mun ition ▁and ▁pet rol ▁l or ries . ▁C ▁Squadron ▁har b oured ▁at ▁Cr é pon ▁with ▁ 1 1 ▁Cr abs ▁( seven ▁of ▁them ▁recovered ▁from ▁the ▁beach ). ▁At ▁ 0 5 . 4 5 ▁next ▁morning ▁( D + 1 , ▁ 7 ▁June ) ▁they ▁moved ▁caut iously ▁forward ▁to ▁a ▁hed ger ow ▁but ▁came ▁under ▁heavy ▁fire , ▁suffering ▁several ▁casual ties ▁among ▁the ▁dis mount ed ▁cre ws . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁leader ▁spotted ▁an ▁enemy ▁field ▁gun ▁at ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁just ▁ ▁and ▁jumped ▁onto ▁L t ▁Hob an ' s ▁tank ▁to ▁direct ▁fire : ▁one ▁shot ▁was ▁enough ▁to ▁knock ▁out ▁the ▁German ▁gun . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁moved ▁back ▁ ▁and ▁attended ▁to ▁its ▁casual ties . ▁A ▁composite ▁force ▁was ▁then ▁formed ▁to ▁deal ▁with ▁the ▁Germans , ▁consisting ▁of ▁Hob an ' s ▁I ▁Tr p , ▁two ▁Churchill ▁Cro cod iles ▁of ▁ 1 4 1 st ▁Regiment , ▁R AC , ▁and ▁a ▁few ▁men ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Art illery ▁and ▁Royal ▁Sign als ▁to ▁act ▁as ▁inf antry . ▁The ▁Cro cod iles ▁' fl amed ' ▁a ▁pill box , ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁engaged ▁dug outs ▁with ▁HE ▁and ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire , ▁and ▁ 1 0 0 ▁Germans ▁sur rend ered ▁with ▁five ▁guns . ▁The ▁Cr abs ▁were ▁used ▁later |
▁that ▁day ▁to ▁round ▁up ▁prisoners ▁of ▁war ▁round ▁Cr é pon . ▁By ▁D + 2 ▁( 8 ▁June ), ▁B ▁and ▁C ▁S q ns ▁were ▁at ▁Saint - G ab riel - Br é cy , ▁with ▁nine ▁fit ▁Cr abs : ▁seven ▁were ▁damaged ▁beyond ▁repair ▁and ▁ 1 0 ▁were ▁repair able . ▁ ▁On ▁D + 2 ▁four ▁of ▁A ▁S q n ' s ▁Cr abs ▁assist ed ▁ 3 rd ▁British ▁Division ▁at ▁Lion - sur - Mer , ▁clearing ▁l anes ▁through ▁mines ▁and ▁bar bed ▁wire ▁and ▁engaging ▁strong points ▁with ▁their ▁main ▁guns ▁and ▁machine ▁guns . ▁The ▁following ▁day ▁A ▁S q n ▁and ▁a ▁tro op ▁of ▁AV RE s ▁helped ▁ 1 st ▁East ▁R iding ▁Ye oman ry ▁and ▁ 2 nd ▁B n ▁Royal ▁Ul ster ▁R if les ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁advance ▁beyond ▁P éri ers . ▁They ▁had ▁ ▁of ▁open ▁country ▁to ▁cross ▁under ▁shell , ▁mort ar ▁and ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire , ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁B n ▁R UR ▁losing ▁almost ▁ 2 0 0 ▁men ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁E Y R ▁four ▁tanks . ▁The ▁Cr abs ▁performed ▁well ▁in ▁the ▁un acc ustom ed ▁role ▁of ▁inf antry ▁tanks , ▁but ▁all ▁the ▁AV RE s ▁were ▁knocked ▁out . ▁ ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁continued ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁ 7 9 th ▁Arm oured ▁Division ▁throughout ▁the ▁campaign ▁in ▁Norm andy |
▁and ▁North ▁West ▁Europe , ▁usually ▁det ached ▁to ▁assist ▁other ▁form ations ▁of ▁ 2 1 st ▁Army ▁Group ▁as ▁required . ▁ ▁Operation ▁Const ell ation ▁ ▁For ▁example , ▁during ▁Operation ▁Const ell ation ▁to ▁capture ▁Over lo on ▁and ▁Ven ray , ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁of ▁A ▁and ▁C ▁S q ns ▁deployed ▁with ▁the ▁AV RE s ▁ 6 1 7 ▁Ass ault ▁S q n , ▁RE , ▁to ▁support ▁ 3 rd ▁British ▁Division ▁and ▁ 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁T ank ▁Brigade . ▁At ▁noon ▁on ▁ 1 2 ▁October ▁ 4 th ▁( T ank ) ▁B n ▁Cold stream ▁Gu ards ▁advanced ▁to ▁Over lo on , ▁where ▁it ▁encountered ▁a ▁mine field ▁and ▁A ▁S q n ▁was ▁ordered ▁up ▁to ▁fl ail ▁a ▁path . ▁One ▁Cr ab ▁( L t ▁S utton ) ▁was ▁disabled ▁by ▁a ▁mine , ▁and ▁S j t ▁Harm ston ▁fl ailed ▁a ▁di version ▁round ▁the ▁wreck ; ▁other ▁Cr abs ▁fl ailed ▁two ▁other ▁l anes , ▁and ▁the ▁Gu ards ' ▁Church ills ▁advanced ▁to ▁take ▁the ▁town . ▁Next ▁day ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁continued ▁fl ailing ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁Cold stream ers , ▁without ▁finding ▁any ▁mines , ▁but ▁L t ▁Hall ' s ▁tank ▁engaged ▁an ▁enemy ▁Pan ther ▁tank . ▁On ▁ 1 4 ▁October ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁fl ailed ▁a ▁path ▁where ▁RE ▁mine - l ifting ▁parties ▁had ▁previously ▁come ▁under ▁fire , ▁but ▁the ▁advance |
▁was ▁halt ed ▁by ▁a ▁T iger ▁I ▁that ▁' bre wed ▁up ' ▁seven ▁Cold stream ▁Church ills ▁before ▁starting ▁on ▁L t ▁Cooper ' s ▁partly ▁H ull - down ▁Cr ab , ▁which ▁was ▁subject ed ▁to ▁a ▁h ail ▁of ▁fire . ▁I nex plic ably , ▁the ▁T iger ▁withd rew ▁before ▁destroying ▁the ▁Cr ab . ▁ 1 5 ▁October ▁was ▁spent ▁on ▁maintenance , ▁then ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁October ▁the ▁squad ron ▁advanced ▁again , ▁in ▁pour ing ▁rain , ▁mud ▁and ▁a ▁flo oded ▁bro ok ▁( the ▁M olen ▁Be ek ). ▁Although ▁four ▁cross ings ▁were ▁attempted ▁on ▁ 3 rd ▁Division ' s ▁front , ▁only ▁L ance - S j t ▁Carter ▁was ▁successful , ▁his ▁Cr ab ▁covered ▁by ▁smoke ▁fired ▁by ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁his ▁tro op . ▁The ▁Church ills ▁followed ▁over ▁what ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁ 2 4 ▁hours ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁crossing . ▁On ▁ 1 7 ▁October ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁were ▁at ▁work ▁again , ▁losing ▁two ▁to ▁mines , ▁and ▁rapidly ▁wearing ▁out ▁their ▁fl ail ▁chains ▁when ▁repeatedly ▁requested ▁to ▁fl ail ▁along ▁roads . ▁( 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁T ank ▁B de ▁noted ▁that ▁the ▁concentr ations ▁of ▁mine fields ▁in ▁Operation ▁Const ell ation ▁were ▁the ▁heav iest ▁they ▁had ▁yet ▁encountered , ▁including ▁a ▁new ▁mine ▁powerful ▁enough ▁to ▁disable ▁their ▁heavy ▁Churchill ▁tanks .) ▁By ▁ 1 8 ▁October ▁the ▁squad ron ▁was ▁down ▁to ▁five ▁service |
able ▁tanks , ▁but ▁Cooper ▁and ▁Carter ▁pushed ▁on ▁into ▁Ven ray , ▁fl ailing ▁the ▁town ' s ▁main ▁street ▁and ▁p iles ▁of ▁rub ble ▁ahead ▁of ▁the ▁Gu ards ' ▁Church ills . ▁ ▁Meanwhile , ▁C ▁S q n ▁had ▁been ▁operating ▁with ▁ 4 th ▁( T ank ) ▁B n ▁Gren ad ier ▁Gu ards ▁since ▁ 1 2 ▁October . ▁Fif teen ▁minutes ▁before ▁H - hour ▁a ▁mine field ▁was ▁discovered ▁just ▁short ▁of ▁the ▁start ▁line , ▁and ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁had ▁to ▁deal ▁with ▁this ▁despite ▁badly ▁broken ▁ground . ▁That ▁attack ▁went ▁in ▁successfully . ▁Next ▁day ▁L t ▁Pear ' s ▁ 3 ▁Tr p ▁ ▁had ▁to ▁fl ail ▁a ▁ ▁path ▁followed ▁by ▁another ▁of ▁ ▁so ▁the ▁Gren ad iers ▁could ▁reach ▁their ▁objective , ▁followed ▁by ▁another ▁of ▁almost ▁ ▁in ▁the ▁afternoon . ▁On ▁ 1 6 ▁October ▁the ▁squad ron ▁got ▁badly ▁bog ged ▁in ▁full ▁view ▁of ▁the ▁enemy ▁while ▁trying ▁to ▁cross ▁the ▁M olen ▁Be ek ▁and ▁the ▁attempt ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁abandoned . ▁Next ▁day ▁a ▁composite ▁tro op , ▁compr ising ▁the ▁f ittest ▁tanks ▁and ▁least ▁tired ▁cre ws ▁was ▁sent ▁to ▁help ▁ 2 9 th ▁Arm oured ▁Brigade , ▁losing ▁some ▁tanks ▁but ▁carrying ▁on ▁and ▁engaging ▁anti - t ank ▁guns ▁and ▁capt uring ▁prisoners . ▁The ▁rest ▁of ▁C ▁S q n ▁( three ▁Cr abs ▁under ▁Capt ▁Bell , ▁L t ▁Pear ▁and ▁S |
j t ▁Bir ch ) ▁helped ▁ 1 st ▁B n ▁Here ford shire ▁Regiment ▁in ▁an ▁attack ▁north - east ▁of ▁De urn e ▁on ▁ 1 7 ▁October , ▁under ▁heavy ▁fire . ▁On ▁ 2 0 ▁October ▁A ▁and ▁C ▁S q ns ▁were ▁pulled ▁out ▁to ▁re join ▁the ▁reg iment , ▁receiving ▁many ▁compl iments ▁for ▁their ▁work . ▁ ▁B ▁Squadron ▁had ▁been ▁operating ▁miles ▁away ▁with ▁ 7 th ▁Arm oured ▁Division ▁and ▁ 5 3 rd ▁( W el sh ) ▁Infan try ▁Division ▁against ▁' s - H ert ogen b os ch . ▁ 1 ▁Tro op ▁operated ▁so ▁closely ▁with ▁A ▁S q n ▁ 1 st ▁Royal ▁T ank ▁Regiment ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁dub bed ▁' 5 th ▁Tr p , ▁A ▁S q n '. ▁Small ▁actions ▁continued ▁through ▁early ▁November . ▁Lieutenant ▁Michael ▁S utton ▁won ▁an ▁MC ▁on ▁ 2 ▁November ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁supporting ▁ 2 3 rd ▁H uss ars ▁with ▁two ▁fl ails . ▁A ▁H uss ars ▁tanks ▁was ▁blown ▁up ▁on ▁a ▁mine , ▁but ▁the ▁heavy ▁fire ▁prevented ▁the ▁crew ▁from ▁b ailing ▁out ▁or ▁s appers ▁from ▁clearing ▁a ▁path ▁to ▁it . ▁S utton ▁fl ailed ▁a ▁path ▁up ▁to ▁and ▁round ▁the ▁disabled ▁tank , ▁then ▁carried ▁on ▁fl ailing ▁the ▁road ▁until ▁an ▁anti - t ank ▁gun ▁disabled ▁two ▁H uss ars ' ▁tanks ▁and ▁shot ▁off ▁his ▁fl ail ▁gear . ▁Order ed ▁to ▁withdraw ▁he |
▁had ▁to ▁do ▁so ▁slowly ▁in ▁reverse . ▁While ▁doing ▁so ▁he ▁spotted ▁a ▁wounded ▁man ▁in ▁a ▁d itch : ▁calling ▁for ▁smoke ▁he ▁got ▁out ▁of ▁his ▁tank ▁and ▁ran ▁ ▁to ▁bring ▁the ▁wounded ▁man ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁tank , ▁where ▁another ▁crew ▁member ▁dis mount ed ▁to ▁help ▁get ▁him ▁aboard , ▁all ▁under ▁heavy ▁machine ▁gun ▁fire . ▁Lieutenant ▁Brian ▁Pear ▁was ▁killed ▁the ▁following ▁day ▁while ▁supporting ▁ 1 5 th ▁( Sc ott ish ) ▁Infan try ▁Division ▁in ▁an ▁attack ▁on ▁Me ij el : ▁when ▁S j t ▁Bir ch ' s ▁Cr ab ▁was ▁hit ▁and ▁the ▁crew ▁unable ▁to ▁b ale ▁out ▁he ▁placed ▁his ▁tank ▁between ▁them ▁and ▁the ▁enemy . ▁Both ▁Cr abs ▁were ▁destroyed ▁by ▁anti - t ank ▁fire ▁and ▁only ▁one ▁man ▁survived ▁to ▁be ▁taken ▁prisoner . ▁The ▁volume ▁of ▁fire ▁was ▁so ▁great ▁that ▁ 1 5 th ▁( Sc ott ish ) ▁post pon ed ▁all ▁operations ▁for ▁ 4 8 ▁hours . ▁C ▁Squadron ▁then ▁fl ailed ▁a ▁path ▁for ▁ 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁T ank ▁B de , ▁though ▁ 2 3 ▁Church ills ▁and ▁one ▁Cr ab ▁were ▁lost ▁in ▁an ▁hour . ▁ ▁Germany ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁were ▁once ▁more ▁with ▁ 1 5 th ▁( Sc ott ish ) ▁Division ▁for ▁the ▁assault ▁crossing ▁of ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁( Operation ▁Pl under ) ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁but ▁were ▁not |
▁called ▁forward ▁until ▁br idges ▁had ▁been ▁built . ▁The ▁reg iment ▁was ▁surprised ▁to ▁learn ▁from ▁BBC ▁radio ▁reports ▁that ▁they ▁had ▁crossed ▁a ▁day ▁before ▁they ▁actually ▁did ▁so . ▁Once ▁across ▁the ▁river ▁barrier ▁the ▁campaign ▁moved ▁swift ly , ▁with ▁fewer ▁prepared ▁defensive ▁positions ▁to ▁overcome , ▁so ▁there ▁was ▁little ▁call ▁for ▁fl ail ▁tanks . ▁In ▁early ▁April ▁R H Q ▁and ▁A ▁S q n ▁were ▁assigned ▁to ▁VIII ▁Corps ' ▁Reserve , ▁B ▁S q n ▁to ▁ 1 st ▁Ass ault ▁B de ▁in ▁ 2 1 st ▁Army ▁Group ▁Reserve , ▁and ▁C ▁S q n ▁to ▁ 5 2 nd ▁( Low land ) ▁Infan try ▁Division . ▁By ▁now ▁the ▁Cr abs ▁were ▁being ▁used ▁as ▁normal ▁gun ▁tanks : ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁April ▁C ▁S q n ▁provided ▁arm oured ▁support ▁to ▁ 3 rd ▁Division ▁at ▁Wild esh aus en , ▁where ▁they ▁rep elled ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁enemy ▁counter - att acks ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁carrying ▁out ▁a ▁minor ▁offensive ▁operation ▁of ▁their ▁own . ▁ ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ' ▁war ▁ended ▁with ▁the ▁German ▁surrender ▁at ▁L ü ne burg ▁He ath ▁on ▁ 4 ▁May ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁Post war ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁the ▁reg iment ▁was ▁re const ituted ▁in ▁the ▁T A ▁as ▁three ▁squad rons ▁with ▁R H Q ▁at ▁West min ster . ▁On ▁ 1 ▁September ▁ 1 |
9 5 1 ▁it ▁revers ed ▁its ▁title ▁to ▁become ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁( 2 nd ▁County ▁of ▁London ▁Ye oman ry ). ▁When ▁the ▁T A ▁was ▁reduced ▁on ▁ 1 ▁May ▁ 1 9 6 1 , ▁the ▁reg iment ▁merged ▁with ▁R ▁( B erk shire ▁Ye oman ry ) ▁B attery , ▁ 2 9 9 ▁( R oyal ▁Buck ingham shire ▁Ye oman ry , ▁Ber k shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁and ▁The ▁Queen ' s ▁Own ▁Oxford shire ▁H uss ars ) ▁Field ▁Regiment , ▁Royal ▁Art illery , ▁to ▁form ▁the ▁Ber k shire ▁and ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons , ▁R AC , ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁Ber k shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁component ▁formed ▁C ▁Squadron . ▁ ▁The ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ▁were ▁dis band ed ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁March ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁dis band ment ▁of ▁the ▁Terr itor ial ▁Army ▁under ▁the ▁Reserve ▁Forces ▁Act ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁and ▁its ▁replacement ▁by ▁a ▁newly - const ituted ▁organisation , ▁the ▁T AV R ▁( T err itor ial ▁and ▁Army ▁Vol unte er ▁Reserve ). ▁The ▁legal ▁effect ▁of ▁the ▁Act ▁and ▁the ▁orders ▁implementing ▁it ▁( Ar my ▁Order ▁ 2 ▁dated ▁ 2 8 ▁January ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁and ▁the ▁Army ▁Res erves ▁Success ion ▁W arr ant ▁ 1 9 6 7 ) ▁was ▁that ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁success ion ▁of |
▁line age ▁from ▁the ▁dis band ed ▁units ▁to ▁those ▁that ▁were ▁being ▁raised . ▁However , ▁the ▁warrant ▁also ▁stated ▁‘ the ▁wish ▁to ▁provide ▁for ▁success ion ▁of ▁units ▁raised ' ▁and ▁then ▁listed ▁those ▁new ▁units ▁which ▁would ▁be ▁deemed ▁to ▁be ▁success ors ▁to ▁previous ▁Terr itor ial ▁Army ▁Un its . ▁The ▁Royal ▁Ye oman ry ▁Regiment ▁( Vol unte ers ) ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁regarded ▁as ▁the ▁success or ▁to ▁the ▁Royal ▁W ilt shire ▁Ye oman ry , ▁the ▁Sher wood ▁Rangers ▁Ye oman ry , ▁the ▁Kent ▁and ▁Shar ps h oot ers ▁Ye oman ry , ▁the ▁North ▁Irish ▁Horse , ▁and ▁the ▁Ber k shire ▁and ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons . ▁The ▁squad ron ▁based ▁at ▁Chelsea , ▁London ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁title ▁' B erk shire ▁and ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons ', ▁somewhat ▁anom al ously ▁given ▁that ▁the ▁Ber k shire ▁Ye oman ry ▁element ▁was ▁separated ▁to ▁form ▁ 9 4 ▁( B erk shire ▁Ye oman ry ) ▁S q n ▁in ▁ 7 1 ▁( Y e oman ry ) ▁Sign al ▁Regiment , ▁Royal ▁Corps ▁of ▁Sign als ; ▁the ▁situation ▁was ▁bel ated ly ▁recognised ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁when ▁the ▁' B erk shire ' ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁H Q ▁squad ron ' s ▁title ▁was ▁dropped ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁re bad ged ▁accordingly ▁as ▁West min ster ▁Dr ago ons . ▁ ▁A ▁bomb ▁which ▁det on ated |
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