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▁exception , ▁despite ▁the ▁popular ▁myth ▁that ▁port r ays ▁it ▁as ▁the ▁fate ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁war ▁horses . ▁Part ing ▁with ▁their ▁Wal ers ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁hard est ▁events ▁the ▁light ▁horse men ▁had ▁to ▁end ure . ▁A ▁poem ▁by ▁" T ro oper ▁Blue g um " ▁sum s ▁up ▁the ▁men ' s ▁sentiment : ▁ ▁I ▁don ' t ▁think ▁I ▁could ▁stand ▁the ▁thought ▁of ▁my ▁old ▁fancy ▁hack ▁ Just ▁craw ling ▁round ▁old ▁C airo ▁with ▁a ▁' G y ppo ▁on ▁his ▁back . ▁Perhaps ▁some ▁English ▁tourist ▁out ▁in ▁Palest ine ▁may ▁find ▁ My ▁broken - heart ed ▁Wal er ▁with ▁a ▁wooden ▁pl ough ▁behind . ▁ ▁No : ▁I ▁think ▁I ' d ▁better ▁shoot ▁him ▁and ▁tell ▁a ▁little ▁lie : -- ▁ " He ▁fl ound ered ▁in ▁a ▁wom bat ▁hole ▁and ▁then ▁lay ▁down ▁to ▁die ." ▁May ▁be ▁I ' ll ▁get ▁court - mart i alled ; ▁but ▁I ' m ▁damned ▁if ▁I ' m ▁inclined ▁ To ▁go ▁back ▁to ▁Australia ▁and ▁leave ▁my ▁horse ▁behind . ▁From ▁Australia ▁in ▁Palest ine ' ', ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁ ▁During ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁ 3 6 0 ▁Australian ▁Wal ers ▁were ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁Texas ▁National ▁Guard ▁ 1 1 2 th ▁C aval ry ▁in ▁New ▁Cal ed onia . ▁ ▁The ▁horses ▁were |
▁eventually ▁deemed ▁un fit ▁for ▁j ungle ▁war fare . ▁ ▁They ▁were ▁sent ▁to ▁India ▁where ▁they ▁served ▁with ▁the ▁Chinese ▁Army ▁before ▁being ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁unit ▁known ▁as ▁M err ill ' s ▁Mar aud ers . ▁ ▁As ▁demand ▁for ▁rem ount s ▁declined ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 0 s , ▁the ▁Wal er ▁trade ▁ended . ▁When ▁the ▁Australian ▁Stock ▁Horse ▁Society ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 1 , ▁the ▁majority ▁of ▁horses ▁accepted ▁into ▁its ▁stud book ▁were ▁Wal er ▁horses . ▁The ▁A SH S ▁also ▁accepted ▁horses ▁of ▁other ▁breed s , ▁notably ▁Quarter ▁horses , ▁which ▁has ▁always ▁been ▁controversial . ▁While ▁many ▁stock ▁horses ▁do ▁have ▁Quarter ▁horse ▁gen etics ▁in ▁their ▁breed ing , ▁not ▁all ▁do , ▁as ▁there ▁are ▁still ▁many ▁breed ers ▁who ▁only ▁breed ▁horses ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁heritage ▁blood lines . ▁These ▁heritage ▁stock ▁horses ▁have ▁extensive ▁ped ig rees , ▁often ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century , ▁and ▁are ▁direct ▁descend ants ▁of ▁Wal ers ▁with ▁no ▁Quarter ▁Horse ▁or ▁other ▁modern ▁breed s . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁efforts ▁began ▁to ▁re est ablish ▁the ▁breed ▁using ▁fer al ▁Wal ers ▁desc ended ▁from ▁horses ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁set ▁loose ▁in ▁rural ▁regions ▁after ▁the ▁commercial ▁trade ▁ce ased . ▁The ▁Wal er ▁horse ▁now ▁has ▁two ▁breed ▁associations ▁interested ▁in ▁preserv ing ▁it , ▁the ▁Wal er ▁Horse ▁Own ers ▁and ▁B |
reed ers ▁Association ▁Australia ▁Inc . ▁( W HO B AA ) ▁and ▁the ▁Wal er ▁Horse ▁Society ▁of ▁Australia ▁Inc ▁( WH SA ). ▁Only ▁horses ▁and ▁their ▁pro gen y ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁old ▁blood lines , ▁with ▁no ▁imported ▁gen etics ▁since ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁can ▁be ▁registered ▁as ▁Wal ers ▁with ▁the ▁W HO B AA . ▁ ▁A ▁memorial ▁statue ▁to ▁the ▁Wal er ▁Light ▁Horse ▁was ▁ere cted ▁at ▁Tam worth , ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁as ▁a ▁t ribute ▁to ▁the ▁men ▁of ▁the ▁AN Z AC ▁Corps ▁who ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Bo er , ▁Sud an ▁and ▁First ▁World ▁Wars . ▁This ▁memorial ▁was ▁constructed ▁at ▁a ▁cost ▁of ▁$ 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 , ▁funded ▁by ▁grants ▁from ▁Federal ▁and ▁State ▁Govern ments , ▁the ▁Tam worth ▁Regional ▁Council , ▁Job link ▁Plus ▁and ▁don ations ▁from ▁business ▁houses , ▁property ▁owners , ▁R SL ▁Members ▁and ▁the ▁community . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁designed ▁and ▁created ▁by ▁sculpt or ▁T anya ▁Bart lett ▁from ▁New castle , ▁New ▁South ▁Wales . ▁The ▁military ▁equipment ▁is ▁identical ▁to ▁that ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War . ▁Fort y - seven ▁light ▁horse ▁re - en act ment ▁r iders ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 2 th / 1 6 th ▁Hunter ▁River ▁Lanc ers ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁un ve iling ▁by ▁Major ▁General ▁William ▁B . ▁" D igger " ▁James ▁AC ▁M BE ▁MC ▁( Ret d ) ▁on |
▁ 2 9 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁ ▁Today ’ s ▁Wal er ▁is ▁a ▁functional ▁Australian ▁horse , ▁b red ▁from ▁blood lines ▁that ▁came ▁to ▁Australia ▁before ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁that ▁is ▁free ▁of ▁imported ▁gen etics ▁since ▁that ▁time . ▁ ▁Wal er ▁conservation ▁issues ▁In ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁Wal ers ▁were ▁c ull ed ▁at ▁Tem pe ▁Down s ▁Station ▁near ▁Kings ▁C any on , ▁about ▁ ▁south - west ▁of ▁Alice ▁Springs , ▁Northern ▁Terr itory . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Australian ▁Light ▁Horse ▁Australian ▁Stock ▁Horse ▁Battle ▁of ▁Be ers he ba ▁Br um by ▁List ▁of ▁horse ▁breed s ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Wal er ▁Horse ▁Own ers ▁& ▁B reed ers ▁Association ▁Australia ▁Inc . ▁The ▁Be ers he ba ▁AN Z AC ▁Mem oria al ▁Center ▁R are ▁B reed s ▁Trust ▁of ▁Australia ▁Wal er ▁Horse ▁Society ▁of ▁Australia ▁Wal ers ▁Wal er ▁Horse ▁Information , ▁breed s , ▁gen etics ▁and ▁more . ▁Wal er ▁Memorial ▁" The ▁Wal er " ▁The ▁Wal er : ▁Australia ' s ▁Great ▁War ▁H ors es ▁( 2 0 1 4 ▁documentary ) ▁ ▁Category : H orse ▁breed s ▁origin ating ▁in ▁Australia ▁Category : H orse ▁breed s ▁Category : H orse ▁mon uments ▁Category : World ▁War ▁I ▁military ▁equipment ▁of ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁medal ▁rib bon , ▁service |
▁rib bon , ▁or ▁rib bon ▁bar ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁rib bon , ▁mounted ▁on ▁a ▁small ▁metal ▁bar ▁equipped ▁with ▁an ▁att aching ▁device , ▁which ▁is ▁generally ▁issued ▁for ▁wear ▁in ▁place ▁of ▁a ▁medal ▁when ▁it ▁is ▁not ▁appropriate ▁to ▁wear ▁the ▁actual ▁medal . ▁Each ▁country ' s ▁government ▁has ▁its ▁own ▁rules ▁on ▁what ▁rib b ons ▁can ▁be ▁worn ▁in ▁what ▁circumstances ▁and ▁in ▁which ▁order . ▁This ▁is ▁usually ▁defined ▁in ▁an ▁official ▁document ▁and ▁is ▁called ▁" the ▁order ▁of ▁preced ence " ▁or ▁" the ▁order ▁of ▁wearing ." ▁ ▁In ▁some ▁countries ▁( part icular ly ▁in ▁North ▁America ▁and ▁Israel ), ▁some ▁awards ▁are ▁" rib bon ▁only ," ▁having ▁no ▁associated ▁medal . ▁ ▁Design ▁▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Defense ▁Log istics ▁Agency ▁( D LA ), ▁the ▁U . S . ▁military ' s ▁standard ▁size ▁for ▁a ▁rib bon ▁bar ▁is ▁ ▁wide , ▁ ▁tall , ▁with ▁a ▁thickness ▁of ▁ 0 . 8 mm . ▁ ▁The ▁service ▁rib bon ▁for ▁a ▁specific ▁medal ▁is ▁usually ▁identical ▁to ▁the ▁suspension ▁rib bon ▁on ▁the ▁medal . ▁For ▁example , ▁the ▁suspension ▁and ▁service ▁rib bon ▁for ▁the ▁U . S . ▁government ' s ▁Pur ple ▁Heart ▁medal ▁is ▁purple ▁with ▁a ▁white ▁vertical ▁stri pe ▁at ▁each ▁end ▁( see ▁photo ). ▁ ▁However , ▁there ▁are ▁some ▁military ▁awards ▁that ▁do ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁suspension ▁rib bon , ▁but ▁have |
▁an ▁authorized ▁rib bon ▁and ▁unit ▁award ▁em blem . ▁The ▁Soviet ▁Order ▁of ▁Vict ory ▁is ▁a ▁bad ge ▁that ▁was ▁worn ▁on ▁the ▁military ▁par ade ▁uniform . ▁However , ▁a ▁rib bon ▁bar ▁representing ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Vict ory ▁was ▁worn ▁on ▁a ▁military ▁field ▁uniform . ▁ ▁Col ors ▁R ib bon ▁bars ▁come ▁in ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁colors . ▁In ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁the ▁U . S . ▁government , ▁it ▁maint ains ▁a ▁specific ▁list ▁of ▁colors ▁used ▁on ▁its ▁rib b ons , ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁P ant one ▁Match ing ▁System ▁and ▁Federal ▁Standard ▁ 5 9 5 ▁color ▁systems : ▁ ▁Construction ▁ ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁const ructions ▁of ▁service ▁rib b ons . ▁In ▁some ▁countries , ▁service ▁rib b ons ▁are ▁mounted ▁on ▁a ▁" pin ▁backing ", ▁which ▁can ▁be ▁pushed ▁through ▁the ▁fabric ▁of ▁a ▁uniform ▁and ▁secured , ▁with ▁fast en ers , ▁on ▁the ▁inside ▁edge . ▁These ▁rib b ons ▁can ▁be ▁individually ▁secured ▁and ▁then ▁lined ▁up , ▁or ▁they ▁can ▁be ▁all ▁mounted ▁on ▁to ▁a ▁single ▁fast ener . ▁After ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁it ▁was ▁common ▁for ▁all ▁rib b ons ▁to ▁be ▁mounted ▁on ▁a ▁single ▁metal ▁bar ▁and ▁worn ▁in ▁a ▁manner ▁similar ▁to ▁a ▁bro och . ▁Other ▁methods ▁of ▁wearing ▁have ▁included ▁physically ▁se wing ▁each ▁service ▁rib bon ▁onto ▁the ▁uniform ▁gar ments . ▁ ▁Display ▁ ▁" Or ders ▁of ▁wearing " ▁define ▁which |
▁rib b ons ▁may ▁be ▁worn ▁on ▁which ▁types ▁of ▁uniform ▁in ▁which ▁positions ▁under ▁which ▁circumstances . ▁For ▁example , ▁mini ature ▁med als ▁on ▁dinner ▁dress , ▁full ▁med als ▁on ▁par ade ▁dress , ▁rib b ons ▁on ▁dress ▁sh irts , ▁but ▁no ▁decor ations ▁on ▁combat ▁dress ▁and ▁working ▁clothing . ▁ ▁Some ▁countries ▁( such ▁as ▁Cuba ) ▁maintain ▁a ▁standard ▁practice ▁of ▁wearing ▁full ▁service ▁rib b ons ▁on ▁combat ▁utility ▁clothing . ▁Others ▁strictly ▁prohib it ▁this . ▁These ▁regulations ▁are ▁generally ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁regulations ▁regarding ▁display ▁of ▁rank ▁ins ign ia ▁and ▁regulations ▁regarding ▁sal ut ing ▁of ▁more ▁senior ▁ranks . ▁The ▁reasoning ▁for ▁such ▁regulations ▁is ▁to ▁prevent ▁these ▁displays ▁from ▁enabling ▁oppos ing ▁forces ▁to ▁easily ▁identify ▁persons ▁of ▁higher ▁rank ▁and ▁therefore ▁aid ▁them ▁in ▁choosing ▁targets ▁which ▁will ▁have ▁a ▁larger ▁impact ▁on ▁the ▁battle field . ▁In ▁times ▁of ▁war , ▁it ▁is ▁not ▁un common ▁for ▁command ers ▁and ▁other ▁high ▁value ▁individuals ▁to ▁wear ▁no ▁mark ings ▁on ▁their ▁uniform s ▁and ▁wear ▁clothing ▁and ▁ins ign ia ▁of ▁a ▁lower ▁ranking ▁soldier . ▁▁ ▁Service ▁med als ▁and ▁rib b ons ▁are ▁generally ▁worn ▁in ▁rows ▁on ▁the ▁left ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁chest . ▁In ▁certain ▁comm emor ative ▁or ▁memorial ▁circumstances , ▁a ▁relative ▁may ▁wear ▁the ▁med als ▁or ▁rib b ons ▁of ▁a ▁dead ▁relative ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁chest . ▁Med als ▁and ▁rib b ons ▁not ▁specifically |
▁mentioned ▁in ▁the ▁" Order ▁of ▁wear " ▁are ▁also ▁generally ▁worn ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁chest . ▁Sequ encing ▁of ▁the ▁rib b ons ▁depends ▁on ▁each ▁country ' s ▁regulations . ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁for ▁example , ▁those ▁with ▁the ▁highest ▁status — typ ically ▁awarded ▁for ▁hero ism ▁or ▁distinguished ▁service — are ▁placed ▁at ▁the ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁display , ▁while ▁foreign ▁decor ations ▁( when ▁allowed ) ▁are ▁last ▁in ▁the ▁bottom ▁rows . ▁When ▁med als ▁are ▁worn ▁( typ ically ▁on ▁the ▁left ▁side ▁of ▁a ▁shirt ▁or ▁jacket ), ▁rib b ons ▁with ▁no ▁corresponding ▁med als ▁are ▁worn ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁side . ▁ ▁Collect ing ▁ ▁The ▁study , ▁history ▁and ▁collection ▁of ▁rib b ons , ▁among ▁other ▁military ▁decor ations , ▁is ▁known ▁as ▁ph aler istics ▁( s ometimes ▁sp elled ▁fal er istics ▁by ▁users ▁of ▁U . S . ▁English ). ▁ ▁Not able ▁examples ▁ ▁Australia ▁ ▁Keith ▁Pay ne , ▁V C , ▁O AM ▁ ▁His ▁Excell ency ▁General ▁The ▁Hon our able ▁Sir ▁Peter ▁Cos gro ve , ▁A K , ▁MC ▁ ▁Canada ▁Rome o ▁D all aire ▁( 1 9 9 4 ) ▁ ▁Denmark ▁Sir ▁Hans ▁Jes per ▁H els ø ▁former ▁General ▁and ▁Chief ▁of ▁Def ence . ▁ ▁E cu ador ▁ ▁E cu ador ian ▁General ▁of ▁the ▁Army ▁Pac o ▁Mon c ay o ▁ ▁Germany ▁ ▁Gener alf eld m ars ch |
all ▁Wilhelm ▁Ke itel ▁ ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Admiral ▁of ▁the ▁Fleet ▁Louis ▁Mount b atten , ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ▁Mount b atten ▁of ▁Bur ma ▁( in complete ) ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁U . S . ▁military , ▁the ▁different ▁federal ▁uniform ed ▁services ▁have ▁different ▁methods ▁of ▁wearing ▁rib bon ▁bars ▁on ▁uniform s . ▁In ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Navy , ▁they ▁are ▁worn ▁in ▁rows ▁of ▁three ▁with ▁no ▁stagger ing ▁or ▁sp acing ▁between ▁rows ▁( with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁the ▁top ▁row , ▁which ▁may ▁be ▁stagger ed ▁to ▁the ▁wear er ' s ▁left ▁if ▁covered ▁by ▁a ▁lap el ). ▁For ▁U . S . ▁Navy ▁members ▁who ▁have ▁three ▁or ▁more ▁rib b ons , ▁they ▁can ▁elect ▁to ▁wear ▁only ▁their ▁three ▁highest - rank ed ▁ones ▁instead ▁of ▁all ▁of ▁them ▁and ▁if ▁their ▁top ▁three ▁rib b ons ▁are ▁obsc ured ▁by ▁a ▁lap el , ▁they ▁can ▁stagger ▁the ▁top ▁row . ▁In ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Marine ▁Corps , ▁they ▁can ▁be ▁worn ▁in ▁rows ▁of ▁three ▁or ▁four , ▁with ▁optional ▁stagger ing ▁and ▁can ▁be ▁sp aced ▁between ▁rows . ▁In ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Army , ▁they ▁can ▁be ▁worn ▁stagger ed ▁with ▁sp acing ▁in ▁between ▁rows . ▁A ▁U . S . ▁serv ic eman ' s ▁complete ▁rib bon ▁display ▁is ▁known ▁by ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁nick names . ▁It ▁can ▁be ▁referred ▁to ▁col lo qu |
ially ▁as ▁a ▁" rib bon ▁rack " ▁or ▁" r ack " ▁for ▁short , ▁or ▁a ▁" f ruit ▁salad ". ▁ ▁General ▁George ▁S . ▁P att on ' s ▁rib bon ▁bars ▁ ▁India ▁ ▁Field ▁Marshal ▁S . H . F . J . ▁Man ek sh aw ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Ph aler istics ▁ ▁Order ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁military ▁decor ations ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁decor ations ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁military ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Dan ish ▁service ▁rib b ons ▁ ▁Category : Med als ▁Category : R ib bon ▁symbol ism ▁Category : A ward ▁items <0x0A> </s> ▁Go ala , ▁Bur k ina ▁F as o ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁in ▁the ▁P ella ▁Department ▁of ▁B oul ki em d é ▁Province ▁in ▁central ▁western ▁Bur k ina ▁F as o . ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 3 , 9 8 1 . ▁ ▁Go ala ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁S ah ara ▁desert . ▁It ▁gets ▁very ▁hot . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Sat ell ite ▁map ▁at ▁Map land ia . com ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁B oul ki em d é ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁Ab el ▁Fernando ▁More ira ▁F erre ira ▁( born ▁ 2 2 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 8 ), ▁known ▁simply ▁as ▁Ab el ▁as ▁a ▁player , ▁is ▁a ▁Portuguese ▁retired ▁football er ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁a ▁right ▁back , ▁and ▁the ▁current ▁manager |
▁of ▁Greek ▁club ▁PA OK ▁FC . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁Ab el ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Pen af iel , ▁Port o ▁District . ▁After ▁emerging ▁through ▁hom et own ▁club ▁F . C . ▁Pen af iel ' s ▁youth ▁ranks , ▁he ▁developed ▁while ▁at ▁Vit ória ▁de ▁Gu im ar ã es ▁where ▁he ▁made ▁his ▁Prime ira ▁Liga ▁debut . ▁He ▁then ▁signed ▁with ▁another ▁Min ho ▁Province - based ▁team ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 – 0 5 ▁season , ▁S . C . ▁Br aga . ▁ ▁Ab el ▁transferred ▁to ▁Sport ing ▁CP ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁in ▁a ▁two - way ▁loan ▁deal ▁involving ▁W ender , ▁a ▁Brazil ian ▁who ▁already ▁had ▁represented ▁the ▁northern ers . ▁The ▁move ▁was ▁made ▁permanent ▁before ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 – 0 7 ▁campaign . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 7 ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Ab el ▁scored ▁a ▁spectacular ▁goal ▁against ▁Manchester ▁United , ▁in ▁a ▁UEFA ▁Champions ▁League ▁group ▁stage ▁ 1 – 2 ▁away ▁loss . ▁During ▁that ▁season ▁he ▁was ▁also ▁called ▁up ▁for ▁the ▁Portuguese ▁national ▁side , ▁but ▁eventually ▁did ▁not ▁earn ▁any ▁caps . ▁ ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 8 – 0 9 ▁on wards , ▁Ab el ▁began ▁having ▁stiff ▁competition ▁from ▁Brazil ian ▁Pedro ▁Silva . ▁This ▁situation ▁was ▁ag grav ated ▁from ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁on wards , ▁after ▁the ▁purchase ▁of ▁Br aga |
' s ▁Jo ão ▁Pere ira . ▁ ▁Veter an ▁Ab el ▁was ▁still ▁relatively ▁used ▁by ▁Sport ing ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁seasons , ▁as ▁Pere ira ▁featured ▁regularly ▁as ▁a ▁mid f iel der . ▁On ▁ 2 4 ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁he ▁net ted ▁his ▁first ▁league ▁goal ▁for ▁the ▁Lis bon ▁team , ▁scoring ▁in ▁the ▁ 9 0 th ▁minute ▁to ▁defeat ▁Rio ▁Ave ▁F . C . ▁at ▁home ▁( 1 – 0 ); ▁he ▁retired ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 – 1 1 ▁campaign ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 3 2 , ▁am ass ing ▁top ▁division ▁tot als ▁of ▁ 2 3 4 ▁matches ▁and ▁three ▁goals . ▁ ▁Manager ial ▁career ▁F erre ira ▁started ▁working ▁as ▁a ▁manager ▁immediately ▁after ▁ret iring , ▁being ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁Sport ing ' s ▁jun iors ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁their ▁reserves ▁in ▁the ▁Seg unda ▁Liga . ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁at ▁Br aga ▁B ▁who ▁also ▁competed ▁at ▁that ▁level . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 6 ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁F erre ira ▁succeeded ▁Jorge ▁Sim ão ▁at ▁the ▁hel m ▁of ▁Br aga ' s ▁first ▁team . ▁In ▁his ▁first ▁full ▁season ▁in ▁charge ▁he ▁led ▁them ▁to ▁the ▁fourth ▁place , ▁with ▁the ▁subsequent ▁qual ification ▁to ▁the ▁UEFA ▁Europa ▁League ' s ▁third ▁qual ifying ▁round . ▁ ▁PA OK ▁FC ▁paid ▁a ▁reported |
▁€ 2 mill ion ▁to ▁acquire ▁F erre ira ' s ▁services ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁after ▁former ▁manager ▁R ă z van ▁Lu ces cu ▁left ▁for ▁Al - H il al ▁FC ▁of ▁Saudi ▁Arabia . ▁ ▁Manager ial ▁statistics ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁ ▁Player ▁Sport ing ▁Ta ça ▁de ▁Portugal : ▁ 2 0 0 6 – 0 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 – 0 8 ▁Super ta ça ▁C ând ido ▁de ▁Ol ive ira : ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Pen af iel ▁Category : Port ug uese ▁football ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁defend ers ▁Category : Pr ime ira ▁Liga ▁players ▁Category : L iga Pro ▁players ▁Category : F . C . ▁Pen af iel ▁players ▁Category : V it ória ▁S . C . ▁players ▁Category : S . C . ▁Br aga ▁players ▁Category : S port ing ▁CP ▁football ers ▁Category : Port ug uese ▁football ▁managers ▁Category : Pr ime ira ▁Liga ▁managers ▁Category : L iga Pro ▁managers ▁Category : S port ing ▁CP ▁B ▁managers ▁Category : S . C . ▁Br aga ▁managers ▁Category : Super ▁League ▁Greece ▁managers ▁Category : PA OK ▁FC ▁managers ▁Category : Port ug uese ▁exp atri ate ▁football ▁managers ▁Category |
: Ex pat ri ate ▁football ▁managers ▁in ▁Greece <0x0A> </s> ▁J avier ▁Mos cos o ▁del ▁Pr ado ▁y ▁Mu ñ oz ▁( born ▁ 7 ▁October ▁ 1 9 3 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Spanish ▁politician ▁who ▁served ▁as ▁Minister ▁of ▁the ▁Pres id ency ▁from ▁December ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁to ▁July ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁and ▁as ▁Attorney ▁General ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁from ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁to ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Z ar ago za ▁al umn i ▁Category : G overn ment ▁minister s ▁of ▁Spain ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Spanish ▁politicians ▁Category : Att orney ▁general ▁of ▁Spain <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁is ▁a ▁smart phone ▁introduced ▁on ▁June ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁by ▁N ok ia , ▁cost ing ▁approximately ▁€ 6 0 0 ▁when ▁released ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁N ok ia ' s ▁high - end ▁model ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 xxx ▁Classic ▁Business ▁Series . ▁At ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁release , ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁most ▁advanced ▁product ▁ever ▁launched ▁by ▁N ok ia , ▁and ▁it ▁runs ▁on ▁Sym bian ▁OS ▁ 7 . 0 s ▁( Series ▁ 6 0 ▁ 2 nd ▁Edition ). ▁It ▁also ▁featured ▁a ▁V GA |
▁camera , ▁a ▁music ▁player ▁and ▁video ▁player , ▁Bl uetooth ▁and ▁extended ▁storage ▁by ▁memory ▁card , ▁being ▁the ▁second ▁non - Comm unic ator ▁to ▁do ▁so ▁( after ▁the ▁N ok ia ▁ 3 6 5 0 ). ▁ ▁The ▁model ▁is ▁still ▁in ▁use ▁in ▁many ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁world ▁and ▁has ▁proved ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁durable ▁product . ▁By ▁many ▁users ▁it ▁is ▁considered ▁as ▁the ▁trend ▁set ter ▁phone ▁which ▁proved ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁bright ▁mil estone ▁for ▁its ▁manufacturer . ▁The ▁phone ▁was ▁intended ▁to ▁replace ▁the ▁popular ▁ 6 3 1 0 i ▁as ▁the ▁predomin ant ▁business ▁class ▁model ▁in ▁the ▁N ok ia ▁range . ▁It ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁confused ▁with ▁the ▁newer ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁fold , ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁slide ▁and ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 i ▁phones ▁which ▁have ▁little ▁re sembl ance ▁to ▁the ▁original ▁ 6 6 0 0 . ▁A ▁variant ▁of ▁the ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁was ▁launched ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁market ▁as ▁the ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 2 0 . ▁ ▁During ▁its ▁lif es pan , ▁the ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁sold ▁ 1 5 0 ▁million ▁units ▁( al ong ▁with ▁N ok ia ▁ 1 2 0 0 , ▁N ok ia ▁ 5 2 3 0 , ▁Samsung ▁E 1 1 0 0 ), ▁making ▁it ▁one ▁of |
▁the ▁most ▁successful ▁phones ▁to ▁date . ▁ ▁Features ▁▁▁ ▁Integr ated ▁( V GA ▁ 6 4 0 x 4 8 0 ) ▁camera ▁ ▁Video ▁rec order ▁with ▁audio ▁support ▁( records ▁up ▁to ▁ 9 5 ▁K B ▁- ▁from ▁ 9 ▁to ▁ 2 7 ▁seconds ▁- ▁with ▁built - in ▁rec order ▁application ) ▁also ▁ ▁Stream ing ▁video ▁and ▁audio ▁ ▁Wire less ▁connect ivity ▁with ▁Bl uetooth ▁and ▁Ir DA ▁▁ 6 ▁MB ▁internal ▁memory ▁ ▁M MC ▁card ▁slot ▁for ▁additional ▁user ▁memory ▁and ▁applications ▁ ▁Java ▁M ID P ▁ 2 . 0 ▁and ▁Sym bian ( series ▁ 6 0 ) ▁applications ▁ ▁Data ▁synchron ization ▁with ▁PC ▁via ▁PC ▁Suite ▁and ▁i Sync ▁ ▁Tri - band ▁operation ▁in ▁G SM ▁E 9 0 0 / 1 8 0 0 / 1 9 0 0 ▁networks ▁ ▁Additional ▁features : ▁ ▁ARM ▁compatible ▁( ARM 4 T ▁architecture ) ▁ ▁Sym bian ▁Oper ating ▁System ▁ 7 . 0 s ▁ ▁CPU ▁running ▁at ▁ 1 0 4 M Hz ▁▁ 1 7 6 x 2 0 8 ▁( 6 5 , 5 3 6 ▁colours ) ▁T FT ▁display ▁▁ 5 - way ▁jo yst ick ▁navigation ▁ ▁H SC SD ▁and ▁G PR S , ▁for ▁internet / W AP ▁access ▁ ▁Although ▁the ▁initial ▁bat ches ▁of ▁the ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁were ▁not ▁stable , ▁later ▁system ▁software ▁up grades ▁corrected ▁the ▁situation |
. ▁ ▁The ▁phone ▁has ▁the ▁capacity ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁installation ▁of ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁third - party ▁software ▁such ▁as ▁mp 3 ▁and ▁mult imedia ▁players , ▁games , ▁web ▁brows ers , ▁office ▁su ites , ▁and ▁G UI ▁themes , ▁via ▁Java ▁and ▁e P oc ▁(* . sis ) ▁install ers . ▁ ▁G UI ▁themes ▁can ▁be ▁created ▁using ▁the ▁free ▁N ok ia ▁Sym bian ▁Theme ▁Studio . ▁ ▁The ▁model ▁was ▁released ▁to ▁the ▁general ▁public ▁in ▁two ▁color ▁schemes : ▁black ▁and ▁white ▁and ▁full ▁black . ▁Additional ▁color ▁schemes ▁( blue ▁and ▁white , ▁pink ) ▁were ▁produced ▁for ▁promot ional ▁purposes . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁year ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁N ok ia ▁stopped ▁production ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁hand sets . ▁ ▁Related ▁hand sets ▁▁ ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 2 0 ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Cell ular ▁( 2 0 0 4 ▁film ) ▁- ▁The ▁phone ▁that ▁Chris ▁Evans ▁uses ▁during ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁movie ▁is ▁a ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Forum ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁device ▁spec ▁web page ▁ ▁N ok ia ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁black ▁in ▁Mobile ▁Phone ▁Museum ▁ ▁Category : Sm art phones ▁Category : Sym bian ▁devices ▁ 6 6 0 0 ▁Category : Mobile ▁phones ▁introduced ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁Last ▁Alliance |
▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁The ▁Last ▁Alliance ▁( band ), ▁an ▁American ▁power ▁metal ▁band ▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁J . ▁R . ▁R . ▁Tol k ien ▁and ▁George ▁R ▁R ▁Martin ▁Last ▁Alliance ▁( band ), ▁a ▁Japanese ▁rock ▁band ▁The ▁Last ▁Alliance ▁( album ), ▁an ▁album ▁by ▁the ▁power ▁metal ▁band ▁Battle l ore <0x0A> </s> ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁a ▁mit och ond rial ▁disease ▁characterized ▁by ▁s ider ob l astic ▁an em ia ▁and ▁ex ocr ine ▁p anc re as ▁dys function . ▁Other ▁clinical ▁features ▁are ▁failure ▁to ▁th rive , ▁p anc reat ic ▁fib ros is ▁with ▁ins ulin - dependent ▁diabetes ▁and ▁ex ocr ine ▁p anc reat ic ▁def iciency , ▁muscle ▁and ▁neu rolog ic ▁imp air ment , ▁and , ▁frequently , ▁early ▁death . ▁It ▁is ▁usually ▁fatal ▁in ▁inf ancy . ▁The ▁few ▁patients ▁who ▁survive ▁into ▁ad ul th ood ▁often ▁develop ▁symptoms ▁of ▁K ear ns – S ay re ▁syndrome . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁caused ▁by ▁a ▁delet ion ▁in ▁mit och ond rial ▁DNA . ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁very ▁rare , ▁less ▁than ▁a ▁hundred ▁cases ▁have ▁been ▁reported ▁in ▁medical ▁literature ▁worldwide . ▁ ▁The ▁syndrome ▁was ▁first ▁described ▁by ▁ped iat ric ▁he mat ologist ▁and ▁on c ologist ▁Howard ▁Pear son ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 9 ; ▁the ▁delet ions ▁causing ▁it ▁were ▁discovered ▁a ▁decade ▁later . ▁ ▁P resentation ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁a ▁very |
▁rare ▁mit och ond rial ▁disorder ▁that ▁is ▁characterized ▁by ▁health ▁conditions ▁such ▁as ▁s ider ob l astic ▁an em ia , ▁liver ▁disease , ▁and ▁ex ocr ine ▁p anc re as ▁def iciency . ▁ ▁Gen etics ▁ ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁a ▁mit och ond rial ▁disease ▁caused ▁by ▁a ▁delet ion ▁in ▁mit och ond rial ▁DNA ▁( mt D NA ). ▁An ▁mt D NA ▁is ▁genetic ▁material ▁contained ▁in ▁the ▁cell ular ▁organ elle ▁called ▁the ▁mit och ond ria . ▁Dep ending ▁on ▁the ▁tissue ▁type , ▁each ▁cell ▁contains ▁hundreds ▁to ▁thousands ▁of ▁mit och ond ria . ▁There ▁are ▁ 2 – 1 0 ▁mt D NA ▁mole cules ▁in ▁each ▁mit och ond r ion . ▁With ▁mit och ond rial ▁disorders ▁caused ▁by ▁defect s ▁in ▁the ▁mt D NA , ▁the ▁sever ity ▁of ▁the ▁disease ▁depends ▁on ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁mut ant ▁mt D NA ▁mole cules ▁present ▁in ▁the ▁cells . ▁ ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁consists ▁of ▁mt D NA ▁delet ions ▁that ▁diff ers ▁in ▁size ▁and ▁location ▁compared ▁to ▁other ▁mt D NA ▁disorders ▁such ▁as ▁chronic ▁progressive ▁o ph thal m ople g ia ▁( C PE O ) ▁and ▁K ear ns - S ay re ▁syndrome ▁( K SS ). ▁The ▁delet ions ▁in ▁these ▁mole cules ▁are ▁usually ▁spont aneous ▁and ▁normally ▁include ▁one ▁or ▁more ▁t R NA ▁genes . ▁Even ▁though ▁pre n atal ▁testing ▁for ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is |
▁theoret ically ▁possible , ▁analy zing ▁and ▁inter pre ting ▁the ▁results ▁would ▁be ▁extremely ▁difficult . ▁ ▁With ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁molecular ▁genetic ▁testing , ▁the ▁delet ions ▁of ▁mit och ond rial ▁DNA ▁with ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁ranges ▁in ▁size ▁from ▁ 1 . 1 ▁to ▁ 1 0 ▁kil ob ases . ▁A ▁common ▁mt D NA ▁delet ion ▁associated ▁with ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁the ▁delet ion ▁of ▁ 4 9 7 7 ▁b p . ▁This ▁delet ion ▁has ▁been ▁labeled ▁as ▁m . 8 4 7 0 _ 1 3 4 4 6 del 4 9 7 7 . ▁ ▁Di agn osing ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁util izes ▁le uk ocy te ▁DNA ▁with ▁the ▁Southern ▁Bl ot ▁analysis . ▁This ▁type ▁of ▁mit och ond rial ▁DNA ▁delet ion ▁are ▁normally ▁more ▁abund ant ▁and ▁easily ▁isolated ▁in ▁the ▁blood ▁than ▁in ▁any ▁other ▁tissue ▁type . ▁ ▁M ito ch ond rial ▁disease ▁ ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁classified ▁as ▁a ▁mit och ond rial ▁disease ▁because ▁it ▁consists ▁of ▁several ▁overl apping ▁synd rom es ▁ ▁that ▁are ▁caused ▁by ▁mut ations ▁of ▁mit och ond rial ▁DNA . ▁Specific ally , ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁is ▁a ▁combination ▁of ▁synd rom es ▁that ▁involves ▁the ▁bone ▁mar row ▁and ▁the ▁ex ocr ine ▁p anc re as . ▁ ▁Pear son ▁mar row - p anc re as ▁syndrome ▁ ▁Pear son ▁mar row ▁p anc re as ▁syndrome ▁( P MP S ) |
▁is ▁a ▁condition ▁that ▁presents ▁itself ▁with ▁severe ▁ret ic ul ocy to - pen ic ▁an em ia . ▁With ▁the ▁p anc re as ▁not ▁functioning ▁properly , ▁this ▁leads ▁to ▁high ▁levels ▁of ▁f ats ▁in ▁the ▁liver . ▁P MP S ▁can ▁also ▁lead ▁to ▁diabetes ▁and ▁scar ring ▁of ▁the ▁p anc re as . ▁ ▁Path oph ys i ology ▁ ▁Def ining ▁features ▁ ▁Blood . ▁With ▁Pear son ▁syndrome , ▁the ▁bone ▁mar row ▁fails ▁to ▁produce ▁white ▁blood ▁cells ▁called ▁neut ro ph ils . ▁The ▁syndrome ▁also ▁leads ▁to ▁an em ia , ▁low ▁plate let ▁count , ▁and ▁a pl astic ▁an em ia . ▁It ▁may ▁be ▁confused ▁with ▁trans ient ▁ ery th ro bl ast open ia ▁of ▁childhood . ▁▁ ▁P anc re as . ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁causes ▁the ▁ex ocr ine ▁p anc re as ▁to ▁not ▁function ▁properly ▁because ▁of ▁scar ring ▁and ▁at ro phy . ▁Individ uals ▁with ▁this ▁condition ▁have ▁difficulty ▁absor bing ▁nut ri ents ▁from ▁their ▁diet ▁which ▁leads ▁to ▁mal abs or ption . ▁Inf ants ▁with ▁this ▁condition ▁generally ▁do ▁not ▁grow ▁or ▁gain ▁weight . ▁ ▁Di agn osis ▁ ▁Treat ment ▁Currently ▁there ▁are ▁no ▁approved ▁therap ies ▁for ▁Pear son ▁Sy nd rome ▁and ▁patients ▁reply ▁on ▁supportive ▁care . ▁Min ov ia ▁Ther apeut ics ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁company ▁to ▁conduct ▁a ▁designated ▁clinical ▁trial ▁for ▁treating ▁patients ▁affected ▁by ▁this ▁disease ▁ ▁History |
▁ ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁was ▁initially ▁characterized ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁as ▁a ▁fatal ▁disorder ▁that ▁affects ▁inf ants . ▁It ▁has ▁now ▁been ▁identified ▁as ▁a ▁rare ▁condition ▁that ▁affects ▁multiple ▁systems . ▁The ▁symptoms ▁of ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁are ▁mit och ond rial ▁cy top ath y ▁with ▁an em ia , ▁neut rop en ia , ▁and ▁th rom b ocy top en ia . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Pear son ▁Sy nd rome ▁research ▁study ▁of ▁In her ited ▁B one ▁Mar row ▁Fail ure ▁Sy nd rom es ▁( IB M FS ) ▁▁ ▁Gene Review s : ▁Pear son ▁syndrome ▁ ▁Category : M ito ch ond rial ▁diseases ▁Category : R are ▁synd rom es ▁Category : Sy nd rom es ▁affecting ▁blood ▁Category : Sy nd rom es ▁affecting ▁the ▁end ocr ine ▁system <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 4 9 ers – C ow boys ▁rival ry ▁is ▁a ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁( N FL ) ▁rival ry ▁between ▁the ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁and ▁the ▁Dallas ▁Cow boys . ▁The ▁Cow boys ▁lead ▁the ▁series ▁ 1 8 - 1 7 - 1 . ▁It ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁great ▁inter - div ision ▁rival ry ▁games ▁in ▁the ▁NFL . ▁The ▁two ▁teams ▁do ▁not ▁play ▁every ▁year ; ▁instead , ▁they ▁play ▁once ▁every ▁three ▁years ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁NFL ' s ▁rot ating ▁division ▁sched ules , ▁or ▁if ▁the ▁two ▁teams ▁finish |
▁in ▁the ▁same ▁place ▁in ▁their ▁respective ▁divisions , ▁they ▁would ▁play ▁the ▁en su ing ▁season . ▁Sports ▁Ill ustr ated ▁ranked ▁it ▁as ▁the ▁e ighth ▁best ▁rival ry ▁while ▁the ▁NFL ▁Top ▁ 1 0 ▁ranked ▁this ▁rival ry ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁t enth ▁best ▁in ▁the ▁NFL . ▁ ▁The ▁rival ry ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁subject ▁of ▁two ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁episodes ▁of ▁NFL ▁Network ' s ▁The ▁Tim eline ▁series . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁rival ry ▁between ▁the ▁Cow boys ▁and ▁ 4 9 ers ▁has ▁been ▁going ▁on ▁since ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁including ▁seven ▁post season ▁games . ▁The ▁Cow boys ▁defeated ▁the ▁ 4 9 ers ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁N FC ▁Championship ▁games , ▁and ▁again ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁Div is ional ▁Play off ▁Game . ▁The ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁N FC ▁Championship ▁Game ▁in ▁San ▁Francisco , ▁which ▁saw ▁the ▁ 4 9 ers ' ▁Joe ▁Mont ana ▁complete ▁a ▁game - winning ▁pass ▁to ▁D w ight ▁Clark ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁minute ▁( now ▁known ▁as ▁The ▁C atch ) ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁famous ▁games ▁in ▁NFL ▁history . ▁The ▁rival ry ▁became ▁even ▁more ▁intense ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 – 1 9 9 4 ▁seasons . ▁San ▁Francisco ▁and ▁Dallas ▁faced ▁each ▁other ▁in ▁the ▁N FC ▁Championship ▁Game ▁three ▁consecutive ▁times . ▁Dallas ▁won |
▁the ▁first ▁two ▁match - ups , ▁and ▁San ▁Francisco ▁won ▁the ▁third . ▁In ▁each ▁of ▁these ▁p iv otal ▁match - ups , ▁the ▁game ' s ▁vict or ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁Super ▁Bowl . ▁ ▁The ▁rival ry ▁has ▁gone ▁cold ▁in ▁recent ▁years ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁two ▁teams ’ ▁in ability ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁post season ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁since ▁. ▁ ▁Both ▁the ▁Cow boys ▁and ▁the ▁ 4 9 ers ▁are ▁tied ▁for ▁third ▁in ▁Super ▁Bowl ▁vict ories ▁with ▁five ▁each , ▁trailing ▁the ▁Pittsburgh ▁Steel ers ▁and ▁New ▁England ▁Patri ots ▁who ▁each ▁have ▁six . ▁ ▁The ▁C atch ▁ ▁The ▁C atch ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁winning ▁touchdown ▁reception ▁by ▁D w ight ▁Clark ▁from ▁a ▁Joe ▁Mont ana ▁pass ▁in ▁the ▁January ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 8 2 , ▁N FC ▁Championship ▁Game ▁between ▁the ▁Dallas ▁Cow boys ▁and ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers . ▁The ▁C atch ▁is ▁widely ▁regarded ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁memorable ▁events ▁in ▁NFL ▁history . ▁ ▁Game ▁results ▁ ▁Category : San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁Category : D allas ▁Cow boys ▁Category : National ▁Football ▁League ▁rival ries <0x0A> </s> ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁is ▁a ▁Country ▁house ▁located ▁in ▁North ▁York shire , ▁England . ▁It ▁is ▁situated ▁near ▁Grant ley , ▁about ▁ ▁to ▁the ▁west ▁of ▁R ip on , ▁on ▁the ▁banks ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁Sk ell . ▁It ▁is ▁listed ▁Grade ▁II * |
▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Heritage ▁List ▁for ▁England , ▁and ▁the ▁Japanese ▁garden ▁at ▁the ▁hall ▁is ▁listed ▁Grade ▁II ▁on ▁the ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Park s ▁and ▁Gard ens . ▁ ▁The ▁house ▁was ▁built ▁by ▁Thomas ▁Nort on ▁and ▁his ▁son ▁F let cher ▁Nort on , ▁ 1 st ▁Baron ▁Grant ley ▁in ▁the ▁mid ▁ 1 8 th ▁century , ▁apparently ▁based ▁on ▁a ▁P all ad ian ▁design ▁by ▁Isaac ▁W are . ▁ ▁Add itions ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 7 6 0 s ▁have ▁been ▁attributed ▁to ▁John ▁Carr , ▁who ▁knew ▁F let cher ▁Nort on . ▁ ▁The ▁house ▁was ▁extended ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁and ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁centuries ▁to ▁form ▁the ▁house ▁as ▁it ▁stands ▁today . ▁ ▁More ▁recently ▁the ▁building ▁was ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁con val es cent ▁home ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁Between ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁the ▁house ▁was ▁under ▁the ▁ownership ▁of ▁West ▁R iding ▁County ▁Council , ▁who ▁purchased ▁the ▁property ▁to ▁use ▁as ▁an ▁adult ▁education ▁residential ▁college ▁before ▁it ▁passed ▁to ▁North ▁York shire ▁County ▁Council ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁training ▁and ▁conference ▁centre . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁the ▁property ▁was ▁sold ▁to ▁a ▁private ▁purch aser ▁for ▁residential ▁use . ▁It ▁was ▁sold ▁again ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁planning ▁permission ▁was ▁granted ▁for ▁conversion ▁of ▁the ▁building ▁into ▁a |
▁ 5 0 ▁bedroom ▁hotel . ▁ ▁Other ▁buildings ▁on ▁the ▁Grant ley ▁Estate ▁include ▁The ▁Ell is ▁Building ▁and ▁the ▁East ▁L odge . ▁ ▁The ▁Nort on ▁Family ▁ ▁Thomas ▁Nort on ▁( 1 6 8 3 – 1 7 1 9 ) ▁built ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁in ▁about ▁ 1 7 1 0 ▁shortly ▁before ▁his ▁marriage . ▁His ▁father ▁became ▁the ▁owner ▁of ▁the ▁Grant ley ▁Estate ▁in ▁the ▁previous ▁century ▁and ▁he ▁inherited ▁it . ▁In ▁ 1 7 1 2 ▁he ▁married ▁Elizabeth ▁Ser je ant son , ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁William ▁Ser je ant son ▁of ▁Han l ith . ▁. ▁ ▁There ▁is ▁an ▁elaborate ▁memorial ▁to ▁Elizabeth ▁in ▁R ip on ▁Cat hedral . ▁Unfortunately ▁he ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 7 1 9 ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 3 6 ▁leaving ▁his ▁wife ▁with ▁four ▁small ▁children , ▁three ▁sons ▁and ▁a ▁daughter . ▁His ▁el dest ▁son ▁F let cher ▁Nort on ▁was ▁only ▁ 3 ▁years ▁old ▁when ▁he ▁inherited ▁the ▁Grant ley ▁estate . ▁ ▁Lord ▁F let cher ▁Nort on ▁( 1 7 1 6 – 1 7 8 9 ) ▁studied ▁law ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁In ▁ 1 7 6 2 ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁kn ighth ood ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁year ▁became ▁Attorney - General ▁and ▁later ▁Spe aker ▁of ▁the ▁House . ▁In ▁ 1 7 4 1 ▁he ▁married ▁Grace ▁Ch apple ▁( 1 7 1 1 – 1 8 0 3 ) |
▁who ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Sir ▁William ▁Ch apple , ▁a ▁Judge ▁on ▁the ▁Kings ▁Ben ch . ▁It ▁seems ▁that ▁in ▁about ▁ 1 7 6 0 ▁he ▁made ▁substantial ▁add itions ▁to ▁Grant ley ▁Hall . ▁In ▁ 1 7 8 2 ▁when ▁he ▁retired ▁he ▁was ▁titled ▁Lord ▁Grant ley , ▁Baron ▁of ▁Mark en field . ▁Mark en field ▁Hall ▁is ▁a ▁nearby ▁property ▁which ▁he ▁also ▁owned . ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 9 ▁and ▁his ▁son ▁William ▁Nort on , ▁ 2 nd ▁Baron ▁Grant ley ▁inherited ▁Grant ley ▁Hall . ▁ ▁Lord ▁William ▁Nort on ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 2 ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament . ▁In ▁ 1 7 9 1 ▁he ▁married ▁Anna ▁Marg are tta ▁M idge ley . ▁They ▁had ▁ 2 ▁sons ▁but ▁both ▁died ▁in ▁inf ancy . ▁His ▁wife ▁also ▁died ▁several ▁years ▁after ▁they ▁were ▁married . ▁When ▁William ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 2 ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁was ▁inherited ▁by ▁his ▁nep hew ▁F let cher ▁Nort on ▁( 1 7 9 8 – 1 8 7 5 ). ▁ ▁Lord ▁F let cher ▁Nort on , ▁ 3 rd ▁Lord ▁Grant ley ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 8 . ▁In ▁ 1 8 2 5 ▁he ▁married ▁Charlotte ▁E ar le ▁Be e che y ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Sir ▁William ▁Be e che y , ▁the ▁famous ▁portrait ▁painter . ▁Sir ▁William ▁painted ▁a ▁portrait |
▁of ▁his ▁daughter ▁which ▁is ▁shown . ▁ ▁Lord ▁F let cher ▁Nort on ▁decided ▁on ▁a ▁military ▁career ▁and ▁was ▁an ▁officer ▁in ▁the ▁Gren ad ier ▁Gu ards . ▁He ▁fought ▁at ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Water lo o ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁wounded . ▁He ▁inherited ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 2 4 ▁and ▁managed ▁the ▁Estate ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 5 . ▁As ▁he ▁had ▁no ▁children ▁his ▁nep hew ▁Thomas ▁Br ind s ley ▁Nort on ▁( 1 8 3 1 – 1 8 7 7 ) ▁inherited ▁the ▁Estate . ▁Thomas ▁was ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁famous ▁social ▁reform er ▁and ▁author ▁Caroline ▁Nort on ▁about ▁whom ▁many ▁books ▁have ▁been ▁written . ▁ ▁Thomas ▁died ▁only ▁two ▁years ▁after ▁he ▁inherited ▁the ▁property ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 4 7 ▁and ▁his ▁son ▁John ▁Richard ▁Br ind s ley ▁Nort on ▁( 1 8 5 5 – 1 9 4 3 ) ▁became ▁the ▁owner ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 7 . ▁John ▁Richard ▁Br ind s ley ▁Nort on , ▁ 5 th ▁Lord ▁Grant ley ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 5 . ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 9 ▁he ▁caused ▁a ▁public ▁sensation ▁by ▁mar rying ▁K atherine ▁the ▁wife ▁of ▁his ▁cousin ▁after ▁being ▁named ▁as ▁co - respond ent ▁in ▁a ▁divorce ▁case . ▁K atherine ▁was ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Com mod ore ▁Mc V ick ar ▁of ▁the ▁New |
▁York ▁Y acht ▁Club ▁and ▁founding ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Kn icker b ocker ▁Club . ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁John ▁sold ▁Grant ley ▁hall ▁to ▁Sir ▁Christopher ▁F urn ess . ▁ ▁His ▁son ▁Richard , ▁ 6 th ▁Lord ▁Grant ley ▁wrote ▁a ▁book ▁called ▁Silver ▁Sp oon . ▁In ▁it ▁he ▁records ▁his ▁mem oirs ▁and ▁describes ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁as ▁“ a ▁g arg ant uan ▁ed if ice ▁with ▁sixty ▁bedroom s , ▁on ▁the ▁edge ▁of ▁sixteen ▁thousand ▁acres ▁of ▁wild ▁mo or land . ▁This ▁was ▁the ▁home ▁of ▁most ▁of ▁my ▁own ▁boy hood .” ▁ ▁He ▁describes ▁his ▁father ▁John ▁as ▁“ as ▁a ▁huge ▁man ▁— ▁he ▁was ▁well ▁over ▁six ▁feet ▁— ▁with ▁blue ▁eyes , ▁a ▁heavy ▁m oust ache , ▁and ▁w avy ▁hair ▁which ▁kept ▁its ▁wave ▁and ▁its ▁thickness ▁long ▁after , ▁in ▁later ▁life , ▁it ▁went ▁white .” ▁He ▁says ▁his ▁mother ▁K atherine ▁“ was ▁far ▁from ▁being ▁the ▁typically ▁useless ▁rich ▁woman ▁of ▁that ▁particularly ▁pret ent ious ▁period . ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁char itable ▁and ▁generous ▁friend ▁and ▁employer ▁and ▁while ▁up ▁at ▁Grant ley ▁would ▁herself ▁see ▁that ▁no ▁tenant ▁was ▁ever ▁in ▁distress ▁without ▁her ▁giving ▁help .” ▁ ▁The ▁F urn ess ▁family ▁ ▁Sir ▁Christopher ▁F urn ess , ▁ 1 st ▁Baron ▁F urn ess ▁( 1 8 5 2 – 1 9 1 2 ) ▁who ▁bought ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 0 |
▁was ▁the ▁owner ▁of ▁the ▁shipping ▁company ▁called ▁the ▁F urn ess ▁Line . ▁He ▁came ▁from ▁hum ble ▁beg innings ▁his ▁father ▁at ▁one ▁time ▁being ▁a ▁coal ▁miner . ▁However ▁he ▁later ▁founded ▁a ▁large ▁grocery ▁business ▁in ▁Hart le pool . ▁Christopher ▁went ▁into ▁the ▁family ▁business ▁but ▁later ▁began ▁to ▁buy ▁boats ▁and ▁started ▁his ▁own ▁shipping ▁line ▁which ▁was ▁extremely ▁successful . ▁He ▁became ▁a ▁mult im illion aire ▁and ▁bought ▁numerous ▁properties . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁representing ▁Hart le pool . ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 6 ▁he ▁married ▁Jane ▁An net te ▁S ugg itt ▁( 1 8 5 5 – 1 9 3 0 ) ▁and ▁the ▁couple ▁had ▁one ▁son . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 5 ▁a ▁reporter ▁from ▁the ▁magazine ▁“ The ▁Car ▁Ill ustr ated ” ▁visited ▁the ▁house ▁and ▁described ▁the ▁estate ▁in ▁detail ▁in ▁a ▁feature ▁article . ▁They ▁said . ▁ ▁" The ▁m ansion ▁is ▁stone ▁built , ▁and ▁charming ly ▁situ ate ▁on ▁the ▁River ▁Sk ell , ▁which ▁is ▁wid ened ▁into ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁l akes ▁sk ir ting ▁the ▁drive ▁through ▁the ▁park , ▁which ▁with ▁its ▁pleasure ▁grounds ▁covers ▁about ▁forty ▁seven ▁acres . ▁The ▁entrance ▁hall ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁m ansion ▁opens ▁to ▁a ▁corridor ▁forming ▁a ▁picture ▁gallery , ▁through ▁which ▁a ▁passage ▁issues ▁north ▁and ▁south , ▁giving ▁access ▁to ▁the ▁principal ▁reception ▁rooms . ▁The ▁southern ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁m |
ansion ▁contains ▁a ▁sp acious ▁hall , ▁with ▁fire place , ▁smoking - room , ▁study ." ▁ ▁Lady ▁Jane ▁F urn ess ▁was ▁a ▁keen ▁gard ener ▁and ▁created ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁earliest ▁Japanese ▁gardens ▁in ▁the ▁country ▁in ▁about ▁ 1 9 1 0 . ▁It ▁is ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁English ▁Heritage ▁Register ▁The ▁garden ▁features ▁two ▁p onds ▁linked ▁by ▁a ▁stream ▁with ▁large , ▁ir regular ▁stepping ▁stones ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁a ▁diverse ▁variety ▁of ▁trees , ▁m oss es , ▁f ern s ▁and ▁bamb oo . ▁When ▁Christopher ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁his ▁son ▁Mar mad u ke ▁inherited ▁the ▁house ▁but ▁Lady ▁Jane ▁retained ▁a ▁life ▁interest ▁in ▁the ▁property . ▁ ▁Sir ▁Mar mad u ke ▁F urn ess ▁( 1 8 8 3 – 1 9 4 0 ) ▁continued ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁business ▁and ▁succeeded ▁in ▁expanding ▁it . ▁He ▁was ▁married ▁three ▁times . ▁His ▁first ▁wife ▁was ▁A da ▁D ais y ▁H ogg ▁( 1 8 8 0 – 1 9 2 1 ) ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁George ▁H ogg ▁of ▁“ The ▁G ables ” ▁Se aton ▁Care w . ▁Their ▁marriage ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 4 ▁was ▁widely ▁reported ▁in ▁the ▁newspapers . ▁The ▁Cou ple ▁had ▁a ▁son ▁and ▁a ▁daughter . ▁Unfortunately ▁D ais y ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 4 1 ▁on ▁board ▁their ▁boat ▁shortly ▁after ▁she ▁had ▁an ▁operation . |
▁In ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁Mar mad u ke ▁married ▁The l ma ▁Morgan , ▁the ▁famous ▁woman ▁who ▁was ▁reput ed ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁mist ress ▁of ▁Prince ▁Edward . ▁They ▁were ▁divor ced ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁and ▁soon ▁after ▁he ▁married ▁En id ▁M aud ▁Lind eman . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 5 ▁Mar mad u ke ▁sold ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁to ▁Sir ▁William ▁Henry ▁Ay k ro yd . ▁ ▁The ▁Ay k ro yd ▁family ▁ ▁Sir ▁William ▁Henry ▁Ay k ro yd ▁( 1 8 6 5 – 1 9 4 7 ) ▁was ▁a ▁wo ollen ▁carpet ▁manufacturer . ▁He ▁entered ▁the ▁family ▁business ▁soon ▁after ▁leaving ▁school ▁and ▁eventually ▁became ▁the ▁Chairman . ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 0 ▁he ▁married ▁Emma ▁Louis a ▁Ham mond ▁( 1 8 6 7 – 1 9 4 6 ) ▁daughter ▁of ▁Ez ra ▁W augh ▁Ham mond ▁of ▁H ort on ▁Hall , ▁Brad ford . ▁The ▁couple ▁had ▁three ▁sons ▁and ▁one ▁daughter . ▁ ▁The ▁Ay k ro yd ▁family ▁continued ▁to ▁develop ▁the ▁garden ▁and ▁often ▁opened ▁it ▁to ▁the ▁public . ▁A ▁newspaper ▁of ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁contained ▁a ▁detailed ▁description ▁of ▁the ▁grounds . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁report ▁is ▁as ▁follows . ▁ ▁" An ▁air ▁of ▁immense ▁well - being ▁character ises ▁the ▁extensive ▁grounds ▁which ▁surround ▁Grant ley ▁Hall , ▁the ▁home ▁of ▁Sir ▁William ▁Ay k ro yd . ▁The ▁tim ber |
▁is ▁well ▁cared ▁for ; ▁the ▁lawn s ▁smooth , ▁level , ▁un mar red ▁by ▁we eds ; ▁the ▁rock ▁garden ▁is ▁full ▁of ▁rare ▁and ▁beautiful ▁plants ▁and ▁even ▁the ▁Golden ▁Or fe ▁in ▁its ▁pool s ▁have ▁an ▁exception ally ▁sle ek ▁and ▁prosper ous ▁look ." ▁▁ ▁Sir ▁William ▁and ▁Lady ▁Emma ▁were ▁personal ▁friends ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Family . ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁Queen ▁Mary ▁stayed ▁at ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁accompanied ▁by ▁her ▁daughter ▁Princess ▁Mary ▁and ▁her ▁son ▁in ▁law ▁Lord ▁H are wood . ▁The ▁visit ▁was ▁widely ▁reported ▁in ▁the ▁newspapers ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁these ▁reports ▁is ▁shown . ▁▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁was ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁con val esc ence ▁home ▁for ▁injured ▁soldiers . ▁A ▁hospital ▁supply ▁dep ot ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁the ▁Cat hedral ▁Hall ▁in ▁R ip on ▁and ▁Lady ▁Ay k ro yd ▁was ▁the ▁chairman . ▁▁ ▁Sir ▁William ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁and ▁Grant ley ▁Hall ▁was ▁sold ▁to ▁the ▁West ▁R iding ▁County ▁Council ▁who ▁ran ▁the ▁Hall ▁as ▁an ▁adult ▁training ▁centre . ▁The ▁current ▁owner ▁bought ▁the ▁house ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : Gr ade ▁II * ▁listed ▁houses ▁Category : Gr ade ▁II * ▁listed ▁buildings ▁in ▁North ▁York shire ▁Category : Gr ade ▁II ▁listed ▁parks ▁and ▁gardens ▁in ▁North ▁York shire ▁Category : Country ▁houses ▁in ▁North ▁York shire |
▁Category : J apan ese ▁gardens ▁in ▁England <0x0A> </s> ▁David ▁Steel man ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁politician ▁from ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Missouri . ▁ ▁David ▁Steel man ▁earned ▁a ▁B . A . ▁in ▁economics ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Missouri , ▁and ▁graduated ▁first ▁in ▁his ▁class ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Missouri ▁Law ▁School ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 . ▁He ▁is ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁late ▁D orm an ▁L . ▁Steel man , ▁who ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Missouri ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives , ▁as ▁a ▁circuit ▁judge , ▁and ▁as ▁chairman ▁of ▁the ▁Missouri ▁Republican ▁Party . ▁ ▁Steel man , ▁a ▁Republican , ▁was ▁elected ▁to ▁his ▁first ▁term ▁in ▁the ▁Missouri ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 2 5 ▁( under ▁the ▁state ▁constitution , ▁the ▁minimum ▁age ▁for ▁a ▁state ▁representative ▁is ▁ 2 4 ). ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁re - e lected ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 2 , ▁and ▁was ▁chosen ▁by ▁his ▁colleagues ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁minority ▁floor ▁leader . ▁Steel man ▁did ▁not ▁seek ▁re - election ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 , ▁returning ▁to ▁the ▁practice ▁of ▁law ▁in ▁his ▁native ▁Roll a , ▁Missouri . ▁Steel man ' s ▁House ▁colle ague ▁William ▁L . ▁Web ster ▁was ▁elected ▁Attorney ▁General ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁and ▁re - e lected ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁and ▁Steel man ▁eventually ▁went ▁to |
▁work ▁for ▁Web ster ▁as ▁an ▁Assistant ▁Attorney ▁General . ▁ ▁Web ster ▁vac ated ▁the ▁Attorney ▁General ' s ▁office ▁to ▁run ▁un success fully ▁for ▁governor ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁and ▁Steel man ▁ran ▁to ▁succeed ▁him . ▁In ▁the ▁Republican ▁primary , ▁Steel man ▁faced ▁Assistant ▁United ▁States ▁Attorney ▁John ▁Hall , ▁a ▁moderate ▁Republican ▁who ▁previously ▁had ▁worked ▁for ▁former ▁U . S . ▁Senator ▁John ▁C . ▁Dan for th ▁and ▁for ▁then - G overn or ▁Kit ▁Bond . ▁Dan for th ▁camp a igned ▁aggress ively ▁for ▁Hall , ▁while ▁Steel man ▁attacked ▁Hall ' s ▁relative ▁liberal ism ▁and ▁his ▁Harvard ▁ped ig ree . ▁ ▁Steel man ▁won ▁the ▁Republican ▁primary ▁hand ily ▁but ▁lost ▁the ▁general ▁election ▁to ▁Jay ▁Nixon , ▁ 5 1 % ▁to ▁ 4 5 %. ▁ ▁The ▁general ▁election ▁featured ▁Nixon ▁and ▁Steel man ▁both ▁engaging ▁in ▁frequent ▁personal ▁attacks ▁against ▁one ▁another , ▁which ▁surely ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁ 4 % ▁of ▁votes ▁received ▁by ▁the ▁Liber t arian ▁candidate . ▁ ▁Steel man ▁has ▁not ▁sought ▁elect ive ▁office ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁instead ▁focusing ▁on ▁his ▁law ▁practice . ▁His ▁wife , ▁Sarah ▁Steel man ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Missouri ▁State ▁Senate ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁as ▁state ▁tre as urer ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁candidate ▁for ▁Governor ▁of |
▁Missouri ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁until ▁she ▁lost ▁the ▁Republican ▁primary . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁she ▁lost ▁a ▁bid ▁for ▁the ▁US ▁Senate ▁in ▁the ▁Republican ▁primary ▁against ▁Represent ative ▁Todd ▁A kin . ▁ ▁S ources ▁Steel man ▁b iod ata ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 0 s ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁lawyers ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Roll a , ▁Missouri ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁Missouri ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives ▁Category : Miss ouri ▁Republicans ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Missouri ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁A sp ar ag us ▁l itor alis , ▁common ▁name ▁coastal ▁as par ag us , ▁ ▁is ▁an ▁ever green ▁per ennial ▁plant ▁species ▁belonging ▁to ▁the ▁genus ▁A sp ar ag us ▁in ▁the ▁mon oc ot ▁family ▁A sp ar ag aceae . ▁A . ▁l itor alis ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁England , ▁Ukraine ▁( known ▁as ▁K hol od ok ▁p ry bere zh ny ), ▁Russia ▁( known ▁as ▁S par z ha ▁p rib rez hn aya ), ▁Bulgar ia ▁( known ▁as ▁As per ja ) ▁and ▁Turkey ▁( known ▁as ▁K iy i ▁as par ag us u ). ▁ ▁It ▁commonly ▁grows ▁on ▁the ▁coast ▁of ▁a ▁country ▁where ▁it ▁der ives ▁its ▁name . ▁ ▁Description ▁ ▁A sp ar ag us ▁l itor alis ▁is ▁an ▁her b ace ous ▁per ennial ▁that ▁grows ▁up ▁to ▁ ▁of ▁height |
. ▁The ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁branches ▁is ▁where ▁flowers ▁normally ▁blo om . ▁In ▁May ▁and ▁June ▁the ▁flowers ▁blo om ▁and ▁in ▁July ▁and ▁August ▁it ▁starts ▁bearing ▁fruit . ▁The ▁population ▁has ▁been ▁decl ining ▁and ▁is ▁not ▁over ly ▁abund ant . ▁It ▁is ▁normally ▁poll inated ▁by ▁b umble ▁be es . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁l itor alis ▁Category : Pl ants ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 7 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Intern az ional i ▁di ▁T ennis ▁di ▁Man er bio ▁– ▁Tro fe o ▁Dim mid is ì ▁is ▁a ▁tennis ▁tournament ▁held ▁in ▁Man er bio , ▁Italy ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁The ▁event ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁'' AT P ▁challeng er ▁series ▁and ▁is ▁played ▁on ▁outdoor ▁clay ▁courts . ▁ ▁Past ▁fin als ▁ ▁Singles ▁ ▁Dou bles ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁website ▁IT F ▁Search ▁ ▁Category : AT P ▁Chall enger ▁Tour ▁Category : Ant onio ▁Sav old i – Mar co ▁C ò ▁– ▁Tro fe o ▁Dim mid is ì ▁Category : Cl ay ▁court ▁tennis ▁tour naments ▁Category : T ennis ▁tour naments ▁in ▁Italy <0x0A> </s> ▁K ish kin ▁can ▁refer ▁to ▁ ▁K anes h kin ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Iran ▁ ▁Nik ol ai ▁K ish kin , ▁( 1 8 6 4 - 1 9 3 0 ) ▁Russian ▁politician <0x0A> </s> ▁Step n oy e ▁O zero ▁() ▁is ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁several ▁inhab ited ▁local ities |
▁in ▁Russia . ▁ ▁Urban ▁local ities ▁Step n oy e ▁O zero , ▁Al ta i ▁K rai , ▁a ▁work ▁settlement ▁under ▁the ▁administrative ▁juris diction ▁of ▁Step no oz ers ky ▁S ett lement ▁Council ▁in ▁Bl ag oves h chen sky ▁District ▁of ▁Al ta i ▁K rai ▁ ▁R ural ▁local ities ▁Step n oy e ▁O zero , ▁Republic ▁of ▁T atar stan , ▁a ▁sel o ▁in ▁N url at sky ▁District ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁T atar stan <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁elect oral ▁results ▁for ▁the ▁E lector al ▁district ▁of ▁Broad m ead ows ▁in ▁Victorian ▁state ▁elections . ▁ ▁Members ▁for ▁Broad m ead ows ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁▁ ▁Pre ferences ▁were ▁not ▁distributed ▁in ▁this ▁by - election . ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁two ▁party ▁preferred ▁vote ▁was ▁not ▁counted ▁between ▁the ▁Labor ▁and ▁Independent ▁candidates ▁for ▁Broad m ead ows . ▁▁ ▁The ▁two ▁candidate ▁preferred ▁vote ▁was ▁not ▁counted ▁between ▁the ▁Labor ▁and ▁Democrat ▁candidates ▁for ▁Broad m ead ows . ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 |
s ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : V ict oria ▁( Austral ia ) ▁state ▁elect oral ▁results ▁by ▁district <0x0A> </s> ▁Z em o - K osh ka ▁is ▁a ▁settlement ▁in ▁the ▁Java ▁district ▁of ▁South ▁Os set ia , ▁a ▁region ▁of ▁Georgia ▁whose ▁sovere ig nt y ▁is ▁disput ed . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁D z au ▁district ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁D z au ▁District <0x0A> </s> ▁[[ File : Bro ok lyn ▁Museum ▁- ▁U nt itled ▁- ▁K aw ase ▁Has ui . jpg | thumb | " The ▁P ine ▁Island ▁in ▁Night ▁Rain " ▁from ▁The ▁M its ub ishi ▁M ansion ▁in ▁F uk ag awa " ▁by ▁Has ui ▁K aw ase , ▁ 1 9 2 0 ]] ▁▁ ▁was ▁a ▁Japanese ▁artist . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁prominent ▁print ▁designers ▁of ▁the ▁sh in - h anga ▁(" new ▁prints ") ▁movement . ▁▁ ▁Life ▁▁ ▁From ▁youth ▁Has ui ▁dream ed ▁of ▁an ▁art ▁career , ▁but ▁his ▁parents ▁had ▁him ▁take ▁on ▁the ▁family ▁rope ▁and ▁thread ▁wholes aling ▁business . ▁ ▁Its ▁bankrupt cy ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁ 2 6 ▁freed ▁him ▁to ▁pursue ▁art . ▁ ▁He ▁approached ▁K iy ok ata ▁Kab ur agi ▁to ▁teach ▁him , ▁but ▁Kab ur agi ▁instead ▁encouraged ▁him ▁to ▁study ▁Western - style ▁painting , ▁which ▁he ▁did ▁with ▁Ok ada ▁Sab ur ō su ke ▁for ▁two |
▁years . ▁ ▁Two ▁years ▁later ▁he ▁again ▁applied ▁as ▁a ▁student ▁to ▁Kab ur agi , ▁who ▁this ▁time ▁accepted ▁him . ▁ ▁After ▁seeing ▁an ▁exhibition ▁of ▁Sh ins ui ▁It ō ' s ▁Eight ▁View s ▁of ▁Lake ▁Bi wa ▁Has ui ▁approached ▁Sh ins ui ' s ▁publisher ▁Sh ō z ab ur ō ▁Wat an abe , ▁who ▁had ▁Has ui ▁make ▁three ▁experimental ▁prints ▁that ▁Wat an abe ▁published ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 8 . ▁ ▁The ▁series ▁Tw elve ▁View s ▁of ▁Tokyo , ▁Eight ▁View s ▁of ▁the ▁Sout heast , ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁Sou ven irs ▁of ▁Travel ▁of ▁ 1 6 ▁prints ▁followed ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 , ▁each ▁issued ▁two ▁prints ▁at ▁a ▁time . ▁ ▁Has ui ' s ▁twelve - print ▁A ▁Collection ▁of ▁Sc enes ▁of ▁Japan ▁begun ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁went ▁un finished ▁when ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁Great ▁K ant ō ▁earthqu ake ▁destroyed ▁Wat an abe ' s ▁workshop , ▁including ▁the ▁finished ▁wood blocks ▁for ▁the ▁yet - und istributed ▁prints ▁and ▁Has ui ' s ▁sketch books . ▁ ▁Has ui ▁trav elled ▁the ▁H ok ur iku , ▁San ' in , ▁and ▁San ' y ō ▁regions ▁later ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁and ▁upon ▁his ▁return ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁developed ▁his ▁sk et ches ▁into ▁his ▁third ▁Sou ven irs ▁of ▁Travel ▁series . ▁ ▁K aw |
ase ▁studied ▁u ki yo - e ▁and ▁Japanese ▁style ▁painting ▁at ▁the ▁studio ▁of ▁K iy ok ata ▁Kab ur agi . ▁He ▁mainly ▁concentrated ▁on ▁making ▁water colors ▁of ▁actors , ▁everyday ▁life ▁and ▁landsc apes , ▁many ▁of ▁them ▁published ▁as ▁illustr ations ▁in ▁books ▁and ▁magazines ▁in ▁the ▁last ▁few ▁years ▁of ▁the ▁Me iji ▁period ▁and ▁early ▁Ta ish ō ▁period . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁forty ▁years ▁of ▁his ▁artistic ▁career , ▁Has ui ▁worked ▁closely ▁with ▁Sh ō z ab ur ō ▁Wat an abe , ▁publisher ▁and ▁advocate ▁of ▁the ▁sh in - h anga ▁movement . ▁His ▁works ▁became ▁widely ▁known ▁in ▁the ▁West ▁through ▁American ▁con no isse ur ▁Robert ▁O . ▁Mull er ▁( 1 9 1 1 – 2 0 0 3 ). ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁he ▁was ▁named ▁a ▁Living ▁National ▁Tre asure ▁in ▁Japan . ▁ ▁Has ui ' s ▁younger ▁brother ▁Kas u ke ▁moved ▁to ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 6 ▁to ▁work ▁as ▁an ▁account ant ▁ ▁for ▁ ▁Ok ura ▁and ▁Co , ▁he ▁married ▁an ▁English ▁woman , ▁Clara ▁Green field , ▁they ▁have ▁one ▁surviving ▁daughter ▁Kath leen ▁and ▁grand ▁daughter ▁Karen ▁K aw ase . ▁ ▁His ▁mater nal ▁uncle ▁was ▁Kan ag aki ▁Rob un ▁( 仮 名 <0xE5> <0x9E> <0xA3> ▁ <0xE9> <0xAD> <0xAF> 文 ?) ▁with ▁ ▁the ▁pen ▁name ▁of ▁No z aki ▁Bun z ō ▁( 野 崎 ▁ 文 <0xE8> <0x94> <0xB5> |
?) ▁( 1 8 2 9 – 1 8 9 4 ), ▁a ▁Japanese ▁author ▁and ▁journalist , ▁producing ▁the ▁first ▁m anga ▁magazine . ▁ ▁Style ▁ ▁K aw ase ▁worked ▁almost ▁exclusively ▁on ▁landscape ▁and ▁town scape ▁prints ▁based ▁on ▁sk et ches ▁he ▁made ▁in ▁Tokyo ▁and ▁during ▁travels ▁around ▁Japan . ▁However , ▁his ▁prints ▁are ▁not ▁merely ▁me ish ō ▁( f amous ▁places ) ▁prints ▁that ▁are ▁typical ▁of ▁earlier ▁u ki yo - e ▁masters ▁such ▁as ▁H iro sh ige ▁and ▁K ats ush ika ▁H ok us ai ▁( 1 7 6 0 - 1 8 4 9 ). ▁K aw ase ' s ▁prints ▁feature ▁local es ▁that ▁are ▁tr anqu il ▁and ▁obsc ure ▁in ▁urban izing ▁Japan . ▁ ▁Has ui ▁considered ▁himself ▁a ▁real ist ▁and ▁employed ▁his ▁training ▁in ▁Western ▁painting ▁in ▁his ▁compos itions . ▁ ▁Like ▁H iro sh ige ▁he ▁made ▁travel ▁and ▁landscape ▁prints , ▁though ▁his ▁subjects ▁were ▁less ▁known ▁locations ▁rendered ▁with ▁natural istic ▁light , ▁shade , ▁and ▁texture , ▁without ▁the ▁capt ions ▁and ▁titles ▁that ▁were ▁standard ▁in ▁prints ▁of ▁H iro sh ige ' s ▁age . ▁ ▁K aw ase ▁left ▁a ▁large ▁body ▁of ▁wood block ▁prints ▁and ▁water colors : ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁water colors ▁are ▁linked ▁to ▁the ▁wood block ▁prints . ▁He ▁also ▁produced ▁oil ▁paintings , ▁traditional ▁hanging ▁scroll s ▁and ▁a ▁few ▁by ō bu ▁( fold ing ▁screens ). ▁ ▁In |
▁the ▁West , ▁K aw ase ▁is ▁mainly ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁Japanese ▁wood block ▁print maker . ▁He ▁and ▁H iro sh i ▁Y osh ida ▁are ▁widely ▁regarded ▁as ▁two ▁of ▁the ▁greatest ▁artists ▁of ▁the ▁sh in - h anga ▁style , ▁and ▁are ▁known ▁especially ▁for ▁their ▁landscape ▁prints . ▁ ▁Import ant ▁works ▁▁ ▁Tw elve ▁Sc enes ▁of ▁Tokyo ▁( 1 9 1 9 – 1 9 2 1 ) ▁ ▁Se lections ▁of ▁Sc enes ▁of ▁Japan ▁( 1 9 2 2 – 1 9 2 6 ) ▁ ▁Snow ▁at ▁Z o jo ▁Temple ▁( 1 9 5 3 ) ▁ ▁Hall ▁of ▁the ▁Golden ▁H ue , ▁H ira iz umi ▁( 1 9 5 7 ; ▁K aw ase ' s ▁final ▁work ) ▁ ▁About ▁dating ▁of ▁the ▁prints : ▁Many ▁of ▁them ▁are ▁re print ed ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁after ▁K aw ase ' s ▁death . ▁( In ▁Japan , ▁it ▁is ▁unusual ▁to ▁number ▁the ▁prints , ▁e . g . ▁" 5 th ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 ". ) ▁▁ ▁Rep resentation ▁of ▁work ▁in ▁Public ▁Collections ▁▁ ▁The ▁Temple ▁Hon mon ji , ▁I ke g ami ▁( 1 9 3 1 ) ▁wood block ▁print , ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁County ▁Museum ▁of ▁Art ▁▁ ▁Early ▁Summer ▁Rain , ▁Ar ak awa ▁River ▁( 1 9 3 2 ) ▁wood block ▁print ; ▁ink ▁and ▁color ▁on ▁paper , ▁Min ne apolis ▁Institute ▁of ▁Art , |
▁Minnesota ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Works ▁cited ▁▁▁▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Brown , ▁K end all ▁and ▁New land , ▁Amy ▁Re ig le . ▁K aw ase ▁Has ui : ▁the ▁Complete ▁Wood block ▁Print s ' '. ▁Amsterdam : ▁H ote i ▁Publishing , ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁K aw ase ▁Has ui ' s ▁works ▁at ▁Tokyo ▁Digital ▁museum ▁Dream ▁World s : ▁Modern ▁Japanese ▁Print s ▁and ▁P aint ings ▁from ▁the ▁Robert ▁O . ▁Mull er ▁Collection ▁Online ▁Exhib ition ▁K aw ase ▁Has ui ' s ▁works ▁at ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁County ▁Museum ▁of ▁Art ▁ ▁Category : J apan ese ▁print makers ▁Category : 1 8 8 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 7 ▁deaths ▁Category : L iving ▁National ▁Tre asures ▁of ▁Japan ▁Category : Sh in ▁hang a ▁artists <0x0A> </s> ▁e ² ▁is ▁a ▁greatest ▁hits ▁album ▁by ▁the ▁Italian ▁singer ▁E ros ▁Ram azz otti , ▁released ▁in ▁Europe ▁and ▁Latin ▁America ▁on ▁ 2 6 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁This ▁is ▁his ▁four teenth ▁album ▁( including ▁live ▁and ▁compilation ▁albums ), ▁and ▁his ▁second ▁greatest ▁hits ▁album ▁after ▁E ros ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁The ▁first ▁single ▁released ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁was ▁" Non ▁si amo ▁sol i ", ▁a ▁vocal ▁du et ▁with ▁the ▁Latin ▁singer ▁Rick y ▁Martin . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Disc ▁ 1 ▁The ▁first ▁disc ▁has ▁four ▁new ▁songs ▁and |
▁fourteen ▁rem aster ed ▁hits . ▁ ▁Disc ▁ 2 ▁The ▁second ▁disc ▁has ▁sevent een ▁hits ▁" rev ised " ▁with ▁popular ▁international ▁artists . ▁ ▁DVD ▁( limited ▁edition ▁only ) ▁A ▁limited ▁edition ▁DVD ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁Italy , ▁with ▁an ▁additional ▁DVD ▁with ▁fourteen ▁music ▁videos . ▁ ▁Chart ▁positions ▁and ▁sales ▁ ▁Peak ▁positions ▁ ▁Cert ifications ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : E ros ▁Ram azz otti ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁John ▁Sh anks ▁Category : 2 0 0 7 ▁greatest ▁hits ▁albums ▁Category : S ony ▁BM G ▁N orte ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : Music ▁video ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : 2 0 0 7 ▁video ▁albums ▁Category : It al ian - language ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : Span ish - language ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Miche le ▁Can ova <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁known ▁for ▁spons orship ▁reasons ▁as ▁the ▁All ian z ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁was ▁the ▁ 8 1 st ▁st aging ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁( N FL ), ▁an ▁annual ▁G ael ic ▁football ▁tournament ▁for ▁the ▁G ael ic ▁Athlet ic ▁Association ▁county ▁teams ▁of ▁Ireland . ▁The ▁League ▁began ▁on ▁Saturday ▁ 4 ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁Th irty - two ▁G ael ic ▁football ▁county ▁teams ▁from ▁the ▁island ▁of ▁Ireland , ▁plus ▁London , ▁participated . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 9 ▁April , ▁C ork ▁defeated ▁May |
o ▁by ▁ 2 - 1 0 ▁to ▁ 0 - 1 1 ▁to ▁win ▁their ▁eight ▁league ▁title ▁and ▁their ▁third ▁in ▁a ▁row . ▁ ▁Format ▁ ▁League ▁structure ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁format ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁was ▁a ▁system ▁of ▁four ▁divisions . ▁The ▁top ▁three ▁divisions ▁consisted ▁of ▁ 8 ▁teams , ▁and ▁Division ▁ 4 ▁contained ▁nine ▁teams . ▁Each ▁team ▁played ▁every ▁other ▁team ▁in ▁its ▁division ▁once , ▁either ▁home ▁or ▁away . ▁ 2 ▁points ▁were ▁awarded ▁for ▁a ▁win ▁and ▁ 1 ▁for ▁a ▁draw . ▁ ▁T ie - break er ▁If ▁only ▁two ▁teams ▁were ▁level ▁on ▁points : ▁ ▁The ▁team ▁that ▁won ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁match ▁was ▁ranked ▁first ▁ ▁If ▁this ▁game ▁was ▁a ▁draw , ▁points ▁difference ▁( total ▁scored ▁min us ▁total ▁conced ed ▁in ▁all ▁games ) ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁rank ▁the ▁teams ▁ ▁If ▁points ▁difference ▁was ▁identical , ▁total ▁scored ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁rank ▁the ▁teams ▁ ▁If ▁still ▁identical , ▁a ▁play - off ▁was ▁required ▁If ▁three ▁or ▁more ▁teams ▁were ▁level ▁on ▁points , ▁points ▁difference ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁rank ▁the ▁teams . ▁ ▁Fin als , ▁promot ions ▁and ▁re leg ations ▁The ▁top ▁four ▁teams ▁in ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁cont ested ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁NFL ▁semi - fin als ▁( first ▁played ▁fourth ▁and ▁second ▁played ▁third ) ▁and ▁final . ▁The ▁top ▁two ▁teams ▁in ▁divisions ▁ 2 |
, ▁ 3 ▁and ▁ 4 ▁were ▁promoted , ▁and ▁cont ested ▁the ▁fin als ▁of ▁their ▁respective ▁divisions . ▁The ▁bottom ▁two ▁teams ▁in ▁divisions ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 ▁and ▁ 3 ▁were ▁re leg ated . ▁ ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁ ▁Table ▁▁ 1 D ub lin ▁are ▁placed ▁ahead ▁of ▁D one gal ▁because ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁game ▁between ▁the ▁teams ▁( 2 - 1 6 ▁to ▁ 0 - 1 3 ). ▁ ▁R ounds ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 7 ▁ ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁Sem i ▁Fin als ▁▁ 1 Att endance ▁figure ▁is ▁total ▁of ▁both ▁semi - fin als ▁played ▁consecut ively ▁ ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁Final ▁▁ 2 Att endance ▁figure ▁is ▁total ▁of ▁the ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁and ▁Division ▁ 2 ▁fin als ▁played ▁consecut ively ▁ ▁Division ▁ 2 ▁ ▁Table ▁▁ 1 L outh ▁are ▁placed ▁ahead ▁of ▁West me ath ▁because ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁game ▁between ▁the ▁teams ▁( 0 - 1 2 ▁to ▁ 1 - 0 6 ). ▁▁ 2 Me ath ▁are ▁placed ▁ahead ▁of ▁Mon ag han ▁because ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁game ▁between ▁the ▁teams ▁( 1 - 1 5 ▁to ▁ 1 - 0 9 ). ▁ ▁R ounds ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 7 ▁ ▁Division ▁ 2 ▁Final ▁▁ 2 Att endance ▁figure ▁is ▁total ▁of ▁the ▁Division ▁ 1 ▁and ▁Division ▁ 2 ▁fin als ▁played ▁consecut ively ▁ |
▁Division ▁ 3 ▁ ▁Table ▁▁ 1 S lig o , ▁Ros common ▁and ▁An trim ▁are ▁ranked ▁by ▁points ▁difference . ▁ ▁R ounds ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 7 ▁ ▁Division ▁ 3 ▁Final ▁▁ 3 Att endance ▁figure ▁is ▁total ▁of ▁the ▁Division ▁ 3 ▁and ▁Division ▁ 4 ▁fin als ▁played ▁consecut ively ▁ ▁Division ▁ 4 ▁ ▁Table ▁▁ 1 W ick low ▁are ▁placed ▁ahead ▁of ▁Cl are ▁because ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁head - to - head ▁game ▁between ▁the ▁teams ▁( 1 - 1 5 ▁to ▁ 1 - 1 2 ). ▁ ▁R ounds ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 8 ▁ ▁Division ▁ 4 ▁Final ▁▁ 4 Att endance ▁figure ▁is ▁total ▁of ▁the ▁Division ▁ 3 ▁and ▁Division ▁ 4 ▁fin als ▁played ▁consecut ively ▁ ▁Statistics ▁All ▁scores ▁correct ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 6 ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁ ▁Sc oring ▁W id est ▁winning ▁margin : ▁ 4 6 ▁Kil ken ny ▁ 0 - 4 ▁- ▁ 9 - 2 3 ▁F erman agh ▁( Div ision ▁ 4 ) ▁Most ▁goals ▁in ▁a ▁match : ▁ 9 ▁Kil ken ny ▁ 0 - 4 ▁- ▁ 9 - 2 3 ▁F erman agh ▁( Div ision ▁ 4 ) ▁Most ▁points ▁in ▁a ▁match : ▁ 3 9 ▁Mon ag han ▁ 2 - 2 4 ▁- ▁ 1 - 1 5 ▁L outh ▁( Div ision ▁ 2 ) ▁Most ▁goals ▁by ▁one ▁team ▁in ▁a ▁match : ▁ |
9 ▁Kil ken ny ▁ 0 - 4 ▁- ▁ 9 - 2 3 ▁F erman agh ▁( Div ision ▁ 4 ) ▁ ▁Hig hest ▁aggregate ▁score : ▁ 5 4 ▁points ▁Kil ken ny ▁ 0 - 4 ▁- ▁ 9 - 2 3 ▁F erman agh ▁( Div ision ▁ 4 ) ▁Low est ▁aggregate ▁score : ▁ 1 6 ▁points ▁D one gal ▁ 1 - 7 ▁- ▁ 0 - 6 ▁C ork ▁( Div ision ▁ 1 ) ▁London ▁ 0 - 4 ▁- ▁ 2 - 6 ▁Carl ow ▁( Div ision ▁ 4 ) ▁ ▁Top ▁sc or ers ▁Overall ▁ ▁Single ▁game ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁Category : National ▁Football ▁League ▁( I re land ) ▁seasons <0x0A> </s> ▁Fab io ▁L ef und es ▁is ▁a ▁Brazil ian ▁football ▁manager . ▁He ▁is ▁currently ▁assistant ▁coach ▁of ▁Sh and ong ▁L un eng ▁Ta ish an ▁FC ▁in ▁the ▁Chinese ▁Super ▁League . ▁ ▁Career ▁L ef und es ▁has ▁extensive ▁experience ▁in ▁professional ▁football ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁He ▁spent ▁two ▁seasons ▁at ▁Al ▁Ra ed ▁Sports ▁Club ▁in ▁Saudi ▁Arabia ▁and ▁one ▁season ▁at ▁Al - M esa ime er ▁Sports ▁Club ▁in ▁Q atar . ▁At ▁Al ▁Ra ed , ▁he ▁was ▁assistant ▁coach ▁and ▁fitness ▁coach , ▁and ▁was ▁also ▁inter im ▁coach ▁for ▁two ▁months ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 1 ▁season . ▁ ▁L ef |
und es ▁first ▁came ▁to ▁Je on b uk ▁Hy und ai ▁Mot ors ▁as ▁a ▁physical ▁coach ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁His ▁influence ▁on ▁the ▁physical ▁aspect ▁of ▁the ▁team ▁resulted ▁in ▁their ▁being ▁c rowned ▁as ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁K - Le ague ▁champion ▁and ▁Run ner ▁up ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁A FC ▁Champions ▁League . ▁The ▁following ▁year ▁L ef und es ▁was ▁reward ed ▁with ▁a ▁three - year ▁contract ▁and ▁moved ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁assistant ▁coach ▁position ▁whilst ▁still ▁co - ord inating ▁the ▁club ' s ▁fitness ▁program . ▁During ▁the ▁first ▁half ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁inter im ▁coach , ▁replacing ▁the ▁manager ▁Ch oi ▁K ang - He e ▁who ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁South ▁Korea ▁national ▁football ▁team . ▁ ▁During ▁his ▁seven ▁years ▁at ▁Je on b uk ▁Hy und ai , ▁L ef und es ▁won ▁four ▁K - Le ague ▁Class ics ▁( 2 0 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 7 ) ▁and ▁an ▁Asia ▁Champions ▁League ▁( 2 0 1 6 ). ▁He ▁was ▁runner - up ▁in ▁two ▁K - Le ague ▁Class ics ▁( 2 0 1 2 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 6 ) ▁and ▁one ▁Asian ▁Champions ▁League ▁( 2 0 1 1 ). ▁ ▁L ef und es ▁then ▁moved ▁to ▁China ' s ▁Sh |
and ong ▁L un eng ▁Ta ish an ▁F . C ., ▁where ▁he ▁will ▁be ▁working ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : B raz il ian ▁football ▁managers ▁Category : O l aria ▁Atl ético ▁Cl ube ▁managers ▁Category : American o ▁Fut eb ol ▁Cl ube ▁managers ▁Category : Al - R a ed ▁FC ▁managers ▁Category : Je on b uk ▁Hy und ai ▁Mot ors ▁FC ▁managers ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ▁managers ▁in ▁South ▁Korea <0x0A> </s> ▁Cam ero on ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁World ▁Championships ▁in ▁Athlet ics ▁in ▁Beijing , ▁China , ▁from ▁ 2 2 ▁to ▁ 3 0 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Women ▁Field ▁events ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : N ations ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁World ▁Championships ▁in ▁Athlet ics ▁World ▁Championships ▁in ▁Athlet ics ▁Category : Cam ero on ▁at ▁the ▁World ▁Championships ▁in ▁Athlet ics <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁term ▁Down ▁Under ▁is ▁a ▁col lo qu ial ism ▁which ▁is ▁various ly ▁constru ed ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁Australia ▁and ▁New ▁Zealand . ▁The ▁term ▁comes ▁from ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁these ▁countries ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁Southern ▁Hem is phere , ▁" bel ow " ▁many ▁other ▁countries , ▁on ▁the ▁usual ▁arrangement ▁of ▁a ▁map ▁or ▁globe ▁which ▁places ▁card inal ▁north ▁at ▁the ▁top . ▁ ▁The |
▁term ▁has ▁been ▁in ▁use ▁since ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁and ▁the ▁pers istence ▁of ▁the ▁media ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁term ▁has ▁led ▁to ▁its ▁wide ▁acceptance ▁and ▁usage . ▁The ▁Men ▁at ▁Work ▁song ▁" Down ▁Under " ▁became ▁a ▁patri otic ▁rally ing ▁song ▁for ▁Austral ians . ▁The ▁Russian - Austral ian ▁box ing ▁champion ▁K ost ya ▁Ts zy u ▁was ▁nick named ▁" The ▁Th under ▁from ▁Down ▁Under ", ▁as ▁is ▁Australian ▁sn ook er ▁player ▁Neil ▁Roberts on . ▁When ▁the ▁then ▁Miss ▁Australia ▁Jennifer ▁Haw kins ▁was ▁c rowned ▁as ▁Miss ▁Universe ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁in ▁Qu ito , ▁E cu ador , ▁she ▁was ▁called ▁by ▁the ▁same ▁nick name ▁by ▁host ▁Billy ▁Bush . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Roger ▁E bert ' s ▁tongue - in - che ek ▁Gl oss ary ▁of ▁Movie ▁Terms , ▁the ▁Down ▁Under ▁Rule : ▁ ▁The ▁Tour ▁Down ▁Under ▁is ▁a ▁cycl ing ▁race ▁in ▁and ▁around ▁Ad ela ide , ▁South ▁Australia , ▁and ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁has ▁been ▁the ▁inaug ural ▁event ▁of ▁the ▁U CI ▁World ▁Tour ▁Rank ing ▁calendar , ▁which ▁cul min ates ▁in ▁the ▁G iro ▁di ▁L omb ard ia . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Austral ian ▁culture ▁Category : New ▁Zealand ▁culture ▁Category : English - language ▁idi oms <0x0A> </s> ▁Michael ▁St ich ▁was ▁the ▁defending ▁champion , ▁but ▁chose ▁not ▁to ▁participate ▁that ▁year |
. ▁ ▁Richard ▁K raj ice k ▁won ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁ 7 – 6 ( 7 – 5 ), ▁ 6 – 4 , ▁against ▁Paul ▁Ha ar hu is . ▁ ▁Se eds ▁▁▁ ▁( with d rew ) ▁▁ ▁Y ev gen y ▁K af el nik ov ▁( Sem if inals ) ▁▁ ▁Wayne ▁F erre ira ▁( Second ▁Round ) ▁▁ ▁And rei ▁Med ved ev ▁( Qu arter fin als ) ▁▁ ▁Richard ▁K raj ice k ▁( Ch ampion ) ▁▁ ▁Jac co ▁El ting h ▁( First ▁Round ) ▁▁ ▁Sl ava ▁D osed ěl ▁( Second ▁Round ) ▁▁ ▁K arel ▁Nov á č ek ▁( First ▁Round ) ▁ ▁Draw ▁ ▁Fin als ▁ ▁Top ▁Half ▁ ▁B ottom ▁Half ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Draw ▁Qual ifying ▁Draw ▁S co res ▁( with ▁tie - break s ) ▁ ▁Singles <0x0A> </s> ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ▁( R iver ▁of ▁cr av ings , ▁in ▁a ▁direct ▁translation ) ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁Canada , ▁in ▁the ▁province ▁of ▁Quebec , ▁in ▁the ▁Maur ic ie ▁administrative ▁region , ▁in ▁the ▁Bat is can ie . ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ▁course ▁ ▁from ▁the ▁out let ▁of ▁Lac - de - la - Tra verse , ▁located ▁in ▁row ▁St - J ose ph , ▁S ainte - Th è cle . ▁This ▁lake ▁is ▁fed ▁by ▁the ▁out let ▁of ▁Lake ▁A yl win , ▁which ▁in ▁turn ▁is |
▁fed ▁by ▁the ▁dis charge ▁of ▁Lake ▁Jes uit ▁( and ▁l akes ▁of ▁surrounding ▁mountains ). ▁ ▁The ▁waters hed ▁of ▁the ▁riv ière ▁des ▁env ies ▁is ▁, ▁i . e . ▁the ▁second ▁largest ▁waters hed ▁of ▁Bat is can ie . ▁The ▁bas in ▁is ▁shared ▁by ▁three ▁regional ▁county ▁municipal ities : ▁ ▁• ▁M RC ▁of ▁Mé kin ac ▁( for ▁S ainte - Th è cle , ▁Saint - T ite , ▁H é rou x ville ▁and ▁Saint - S é ver in ), ▁ ▁• ▁M RC ▁of ▁Shaw in igan ▁( for ▁Lac - à - la - T ort ue ), ▁ ▁• ▁M RC ▁des ▁Chen aux ▁( for ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux )). ▁ ▁Although ▁the ▁territory ▁of ▁the ▁municip ality ▁of ▁Saint - Ad el p he ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁arc ▁formed ▁by ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁" R iver ▁des ▁Env ies ", ▁this ▁place ▁is ▁excluded ▁from ▁this ▁waters hed ▁but ▁a ▁little ▁area ▁at ▁the ▁south - west — at ▁the ▁boundary ▁with ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ). ▁ ▁Course ▁ ▁The ▁water ▁of ▁the ▁river ▁flows ▁through ▁municipal ities ▁of ▁S ainte - Th è cle , ▁Saint - T ite , ▁the ▁boundary ▁east ▁of ▁H é rou x ville ▁( about ▁ 4 km , ▁along ▁Row ▁South , ▁between ▁the ▁road ▁Pa quin ▁and ▁the ▁road |
▁L ef eb vre ), ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁and ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ). ▁The ▁river ▁empt ies ▁in ▁Bat is can ▁river ▁at ▁the ▁southern ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ). ▁The ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁river ▁is ▁especially ▁cr av ings ▁in ▁agriculture . ▁The ▁river ▁runs ▁through ▁a ▁forest ▁especially ▁between ▁S ainte - Th è cle ▁and ▁Saint - T ite ; ▁down stream ▁from ▁Saint - T ite , ▁the ▁river ▁passes ▁through ▁a ▁few ▁small ▁areas ▁of ▁forest . ▁The ▁river ▁also ▁passes ▁through ▁the ▁villages ▁of ▁Saint - T ite , ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁and ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ). ▁ ▁Spring ▁flood s ▁generate ▁significant ▁flo oding ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁railway ▁bridge ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite . ▁From ▁the ▁intersection ▁of ▁the ▁road ▁March and ▁and ▁road ▁St - J ose ph ▁in ▁S ainte - Th è cle , ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite , ▁through ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁large ▁mars hes ▁( Gr ands ▁mar ais , ▁in ▁French ), ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ▁is ▁taking ▁a ▁very ▁w inding ▁course . ▁This ▁area ▁was ▁con duc ive ▁for ▁be a vers ▁and ▁mo ose ▁that ▁probably ▁attracted ▁ab origin als ▁in ▁pre history . ▁ ▁Major ▁t ribut aries ▁ ▁The ▁main ▁t |
ribut aries ▁of ▁the ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁are ▁( from ▁the ▁head ): ▁ ▁Left ▁Bank : ▁ ▁• ▁D isch arge ▁of ▁Lake - aux - Ch ic ots ▁( in ▁S ainte - Th è cle ) ▁which ▁receives ▁the ▁waters ▁of ▁the ▁" riv ière ▁en ▁co eur " ▁( river ▁in ▁heart ) ▁at ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁former ▁saw mill ▁of ▁C lement ▁Saint - Am and . ▁The ▁head ▁of ▁this ▁small ▁river ▁is ▁the ▁" L ac ▁en ▁co eur " ▁( l ake ▁in ▁heart ) ▁which ▁flows ▁success ively ▁in ▁" L ac ▁des ▁t oun nes " ▁and ▁" L ac ▁Cro che " ▁( cro oked ▁lake ). ▁ ▁• ▁Le ▁Bour d ais ▁Creek ▁( Saint - T ite ) ▁ ▁• ▁Stream ▁of ▁F ools ▁( ru isse au ▁des ▁f ous ) ▁( Saint - T ite ), ▁ ▁• ▁Second ▁Dick ▁Creek ▁( Saint - T ite ). ▁ ▁Right ▁bank : ▁ ▁• ▁Ar change ▁Creek ▁( Saint - T ite ), ▁taking ▁its ▁source ▁at ▁Lake ▁Ar change , ▁ ▁• ▁Eric ▁Creek ▁( Saint - T ite ), ▁which ▁flows ▁into ▁the ▁" R iver ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁slightly ▁up stream ▁from ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Little ▁M ek in ac ▁North ▁River , ▁ ▁• ▁Little ▁Mé kin ac ▁North ▁River ▁( Saint - T ite ), ▁which ▁flows ▁into ▁the ▁" R iver ▁des ▁Env ies " |
▁at ▁about ▁ ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁Saint - T ite . ▁Note : ▁the ▁river ▁" small ▁M ek in ac ▁South " ▁empt ies ▁into ▁the ▁" small ▁M ek in ac ▁North ▁River ", ▁ ▁from ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁latter , ▁ ▁• ▁D ess ure ault ▁c reek ( Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux )), ▁ ▁• ▁T urt le ▁River ▁( ou ▁riv ière ▁à ▁la ▁tort ue ) ▁at ▁( Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux )). ▁ ▁The ▁most ▁important ▁t ribut aries ▁of ▁the ▁" riv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁( car v ings ▁river ) ▁are ▁the ▁Little ▁Mé kin ac ▁North ▁River ▁and ▁" R iv ière ▁à ▁la ▁tort ue " ▁( T ort oise ▁river ). ▁ ▁Major ▁l akes ▁ ▁The ▁main ▁l akes ▁flowing ▁into ▁the ▁t ribut aries ▁of ▁the ▁river ▁( or ▁directly ) ▁are ▁group ed ▁by ▁municip ality : ▁▁ ▁S ainte - Th è cle : ▁Lake ▁Jes uit ▁( L ac ▁du ▁J és u ite ), ▁Lake ▁de ▁la ▁Tra verse , ▁Lake ▁Cro che , ▁Lake - aux - Ch ic ots ▁and ▁" L ake - des - T oun es "; ▁▁ ▁Saint - T ite : ▁Lake ▁Ar change , ▁lake - à - la - per ch aude , ▁lake ▁Tro tt ier , ▁lake ▁É ric ▁and ▁lake ▁Rober ge ; ▁▁ ▁Shaw |
in igan ▁( se ctor ▁Lac - à - la - T ort ue ): ▁T urt le ▁Lake ▁( L ac - à - la - T ort ue , ▁in ▁French ). ▁ ▁On ▁the ▁south - west ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite , ▁a ▁bul ge ▁in ▁the ▁" riv ière ▁des ▁env ies " ▁created ▁the ▁lake ▁Kap ib ous ka . ▁L ik ely ▁caused ▁by ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁be aver ▁dam s , ▁Lake ▁Kap ib ous ka ▁is ▁now ▁gone . ▁The ▁waters hed ▁of ▁the ▁" R iver ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁also ▁includes ▁about ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁space ▁covered ▁by ▁a ▁large ▁wet land ▁located ▁sout heast ▁of ▁Lac - à - la - T ort ue . ▁ ▁Top onym y ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁known ▁mention ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁( Car v ings ▁River ) ▁is ▁a ▁document ▁written ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 7 ▁by ▁the ▁Jes uit ▁brother ▁Jean - J ose ph ▁Cas ot ▁( 1 7 2 8 - 1 8 8 0 ), ▁even ▁before ▁the ▁first ▁sett lers ▁arrived ▁at ▁the ▁sector ▁of ▁R iv ière - des - Env ies ▁in ▁Saint - St an isl as . ▁Jean - J ose ph ▁Cas ot ▁( born ▁in ▁Belgium ▁in ▁ 1 7 2 8 ) ▁came ▁from ▁France ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 7 ▁and ▁was ▁ord ained ▁a ▁priest ▁in ▁ 1 7 |
6 6 . ▁In ▁ 1 7 6 0 , ▁eleven ▁families ▁of ▁pione ers ▁are ▁reported ▁back ▁strong hold ▁of ▁the ▁man or ▁of ▁Bat is can , ▁either ▁on ▁the ▁sector ▁" R iv ière - des - Env ies " ▁in ▁the ▁territory ▁of ▁Saint - St an isl as . ▁In ▁ 1 7 7 6 , ▁Father ▁Gu ay ▁was ▁on ▁a ▁mission ▁in ▁S ett lers ▁Township ▁Saint - St an isl as - de - K os ka - de - la - R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 7 8 1 , ▁the ▁Jes uits ▁control ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁a ▁flour ▁mill ▁at ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ". ▁Although ▁the ▁civil ▁registers ▁were ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 7 , ▁the ▁parish ▁was ▁canon ically ▁ere cted ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 3 ▁under ▁the ▁name ▁Saint - St an isl as - de - la - R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies . ▁The ▁" Sch ool ▁Corporation ▁of ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁was ▁incorporated ▁under ▁the ▁ 1 8 4 5 ▁Act ▁( 8 , ▁Victoria , ▁BC ▁ 4 0 - 1 8 ). ▁ ▁The ▁to pon ym ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁appeared ▁regularly ▁in ▁correspondence ▁and ▁legal ▁acts ▁of ▁the ▁Lord ship ▁of ▁Bat is can ▁since ▁the ▁implementation ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁regime . ▁The |
▁term ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁remained ▁similar ▁over ▁its ▁entire ▁history . ▁ ▁Several ▁interpret ations ▁of ▁the ▁origin ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁have ▁been ▁set ▁by ▁various ▁sources , ▁but ▁not ▁supported ▁by ▁cor ro bor ating ▁evidence . ▁The ▁design ation ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁was ▁formal ized ▁December ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁at ▁the ▁" Comm ission ▁de ▁to pon ym ie ▁du ▁Qu é bec " ▁( Ge ographical ▁Names ▁Board ▁of ▁Quebec ). ▁ ▁The ▁major ▁flood s ▁▁ ▁Every ▁spring ▁snow m elt ▁in ▁the ▁waters hed ▁causes ▁heavy ▁flood s , ▁which ▁have ▁a ▁greater ▁impact ▁in ▁the ▁me ander ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁railway ▁bridge ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite . ▁Large ▁flood s ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁caused ▁by ▁prolong ed ▁heavy ▁r ains . ▁Major ▁flood s ▁have ▁occurred : ▁▁ ▁Fall ▁between ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁and ▁ 1 9 2 6 , ▁when ▁there ▁were ▁heavy ▁r ains ▁for ▁a ▁week . ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁br idges ▁over ▁the ▁" river - des - Env ies " ▁were ▁swept ▁from ▁S ainte - Th è cle ▁up ▁to ▁Saint - St an isl as . ▁The ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite ▁and ▁area ▁me ander ▁up stream , ▁suffered ▁flood ; ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁when ▁the ▁dam ▁of ▁Lake ▁Rober ge ▁( Gr and es - P iles ) ▁was ▁broken |
. ▁Several ▁br idges ▁have ▁been ▁swept ▁away ▁by ▁the ▁current , ▁the ▁four ▁br idges ▁at ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁and ▁several ▁d ocks ▁bridge ▁filled ▁with ▁stones . ▁Some ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Saint - T ite ▁was ▁then ▁flo oded . ▁ ▁Main ▁br idges ▁ ▁Note : ▁Br idges ▁listed ▁in ▁order ▁from ▁the ▁mouth . ▁ ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ) ▁▁ 1 . ▁Road ▁Bridge ▁ 3 5 2 ▁( s itu ated ▁at ▁the ▁southern ▁boundary ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ), ▁at ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁river . ▁▁ 2 . ▁Jes uit ▁mill , ▁near ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁existing ▁bridge ▁road ▁ 3 5 2 . ▁▁ 3 . ▁March and ▁Road ▁Bridge , ▁which ▁connect s ▁the ▁south ▁shore ▁to ▁road ▁ 1 5 9 ▁( on ▁the ▁north ▁side ). ▁▁ 4 . ▁Bridge ▁of ▁the ▁road ▁ 1 5 9 , ▁about ▁ ▁by ▁water ▁from ▁the ▁mouth . ▁▁ 5 . ▁Ex - ra il way ▁bridge , ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁bridge ▁near ▁the ▁road ▁ 1 5 9 . ▁ ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁( M é kin ac ) ▁▁ 6 . ▁Bridge ▁road ▁of ▁Tre ff lé ▁Ve illet te , ▁connecting ▁Road ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁( s outh - east ), ▁with ▁the ▁" Che min ▁de ▁la ▁R |
iv ière - des - Env ies " ▁( n orth - east ). ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁up stream ▁by ▁water ▁from ▁the ▁bridge ▁of ▁Road ▁ 1 5 9 . ▁Marcel ▁Ve illet te ▁( Saint - S é ver in ▁( M é kin ac )) ▁said ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 : ▁" The ▁wooden ▁br idges ▁that ▁sp anned ▁the ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ▁on ▁this ▁road ▁were ▁built ▁by ▁the ▁Ve illet te ▁owners ▁of ▁the ▁surrounding ▁land . ▁Three ▁times ▁the ▁tor rent ial ▁waters ▁carried ▁them ▁( including ▁ 1 9 3 6 ). ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁bridge ▁in ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁area ▁was ▁built ▁a ▁little ▁further ▁up stream ▁on ▁the ▁adjacent ▁lot ▁owned ▁( at ▁the ▁time ) ▁by ▁Major ic ▁B rière . ▁ ▁Today , ▁this ▁lot ▁belongs ▁to ▁my ▁brothers ▁Den is ▁and ▁Mar ius ▁Ve illet te ." ▁ ▁The ▁concrete ▁bridge ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 3 . ▁The ▁three ▁previous ▁br idges ▁were ▁made ▁of ▁wood . ▁▁ 7 . ▁Mill ▁Bridge , ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - S é ver in , ▁in ▁the ▁fall , ▁down stream ▁of ▁the ▁existing ▁bridge ▁Bl vd . ▁St . ▁Louis . ▁▁ 8 . ▁Bridge ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁( M é kin ac ) ▁( route ▁ 1 5 9 ), ▁b oul . ▁St . ▁Louis . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ |
▁by ▁water ▁up stream ▁from ▁the ▁bridge ▁Ve illet te . ▁▁ 9 . ▁Bridge ▁connecting ▁the ▁road ▁to ▁the ▁mill ▁( n orth ▁shore ) ▁to ▁the ▁road ▁of ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ▁( South - West ). ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁by ▁water , ▁up stream ▁from ▁the ▁bridge ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁( M é kin ac ). ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 8 6 1 ▁census , ▁the ▁saw mill ▁of ▁Nicol as ▁V andal ▁( origin ally ▁from ▁l ' An ci enne - L oret te ) ▁was ▁already ▁in ▁operation ▁there . ▁Loc ated ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁falls , ▁the ▁mill ▁was ▁demol ished ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁and ▁its ▁last ▁owner ▁was ▁Alban i ▁V andal . ▁A ▁flour ▁mill ▁La fr ance ▁was ▁built ▁next . ▁ ▁Saint - T ite ▁▁ 1 0 . ▁Bor de le au ▁Bridge ▁( covered ▁bridge , ▁built ▁in ▁wood ) ▁on ▁the ▁road ▁D ess ure ault ▁in ▁Saint - T ite . ▁This ▁road ▁connect s ▁Rang ▁Sud ▁( Row ▁South ) ▁and ▁Grand ▁Rang ▁( Gr and ▁Row ) ▁in ▁Saint - T ite ▁at ▁Cos set te ville . ▁This ▁covered ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁by ▁water ▁up stream ▁from ▁Mill ▁Road ▁Bridge ▁in ▁Saint - S é ver in ▁( M é kin ac ). ▁▁ 1 1 . ▁Railway ▁Bridge ▁" Can ad ian ▁National ", ▁at ▁the |
▁southern ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁by ▁water ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁bridge ▁Bor de le au , ▁or ▁about ▁ ▁in ▁a ▁direct ▁line . ▁The ▁railway ▁arrived ▁in ▁Saint - T ite ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 . ▁▁ 1 2 . ▁Du ▁M ou lin ▁Street ▁Bridge ▁( Mill ▁Street ▁Bridge ) ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Saint - T ite . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁by ▁water ▁from ▁the ▁railway ▁bridge , ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁sin u osity ▁of ▁the ▁river ▁( or ▁ 1 . 5 kil omet res ▁in ▁a ▁direct ▁line ). ▁An ▁iron ▁bridge ▁was ▁built ▁on ▁Du ▁M ou lin ▁Street ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁and ▁replaced ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁by ▁the ▁current ▁bridge . ▁▁ 1 3 . ▁Bridge ▁of ▁Le ▁Bour d ais ▁Street ▁( R oad ▁ 1 5 3 ) ▁in ▁Saint - T ite . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁up stream ▁by ▁water ▁from ▁Du ▁M ou lin ▁Street ▁Bridge , ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁sin u osity ▁of ▁the ▁river ▁( or ▁ 1 ▁kilomet re ▁in ▁a ▁direct ▁line ). ▁▁ 1 4 . ▁Road ▁of ▁North ▁Upper ▁Lake ▁bridge ▁( H aut ▁du ▁Lac ▁Nord ), ▁at ▁the ▁North - West ▁of ▁Saint - T ite ▁village . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁ ▁in ▁a ▁direct ▁line ▁from ▁Le ▁Bour d ais ▁Street ▁Bridge . ▁The ▁t ribut ary ▁Little |
▁Mé kin ac ▁North ▁River ▁( Pet ite ▁R iv ière ▁Mé kin ac ▁Nord ) ▁taking ▁its ▁source ▁at ▁Lake ▁Rober ge ▁in ▁Saint - T ite , ▁empt ies ▁into ▁the ▁" R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁ ▁down stream ▁of ▁the ▁Road ▁of ▁North ▁Upper ▁Lake ▁Bridge ▁( H aut ▁du ▁lac ▁Nord ). ▁Pierre ▁Leb run ▁published ▁in ▁the ▁book ▁" Hist oire ▁de ▁Saint - T ite ▁( History ▁of ▁Saint - T ite ) ▁- ▁ 1 8 3 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 4 " ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁parish ▁core ▁was ▁formed ▁right ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Little ▁Mé kin ac ▁North ▁River . ▁He ▁noted : ▁" And ▁the ▁first ▁bridge ▁over ▁the ▁R iv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ▁at ▁the ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁third ▁port age , ▁was ▁more ▁than ▁two ▁miles ▁above ▁the ▁city ▁center ▁of ▁Saint - T ite . ▁And ▁they ▁built ▁a ▁bridge ▁over ▁the ▁Little ▁Mé kin ac ▁North ▁River ▁before ▁ere ct ing ▁one ▁near ▁at ▁the ▁first ▁chap el ▁of ▁Saint - T ite ." ▁▁ 1 5 . ▁Germ ain ▁Road ▁Bridge , ▁in ▁Saint - T ite . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁about ▁ ▁in ▁a ▁direct ▁line ▁up stream ▁from ▁the ▁Upper ▁North ▁Lake ▁road ▁bridge ▁in ▁Saint - T ite . ▁ ▁S ainte - Th è cle ▁▁ 1 6 . ▁Saw mill ▁Alfred ▁N aud ' s ▁bridge , ▁located ▁in ▁row ▁Saint - J ose |
ph - South , ▁in ▁S ainte - Th è cle , ▁on ▁the ▁fifth ▁lot ▁of ▁land ▁( former ly ▁known ▁" land ▁of ▁the ▁fall ") ▁from ▁the ▁boundary ▁of ▁Saint - T ite ▁and ▁S ainte - Th è cle . ▁Around ▁ 1 8 7 8 , ▁Alfred ▁N aud ▁had ▁built ▁the ▁mill ▁" to ▁the ▁st ilt " ▁powered ▁by ▁water ▁falls ▁that ▁turned ▁a ▁turb ine . ▁This ▁private ▁road ▁allowed ▁people ▁of ▁row ▁Saint - J ose ph - South ▁to ▁cross ▁the ▁bridge ▁( f itted ▁for ▁the ▁saw ▁mill ▁activities ) ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁row ▁St - Mic hel - South , ▁by ▁taking ▁the ▁path ▁at ▁the ▁boundary ▁of ▁two ▁lands ▁( one ▁of ▁which ▁belonged ▁later ▁to ▁Arm and ▁St - Am and ▁and ▁Marg uer ite ▁Tell ier ). ▁This ▁private ▁road ▁was ▁used ▁until ▁about ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁after ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁the ▁road ▁March and ▁( link ing ▁the ▁St - Mic hel - South ▁and ▁St - J ose ph - South ▁Road ). ▁This ▁saw mill ▁was ▁demol ished ▁between ▁ 1 8 9 0 ▁and ▁ 1 8 9 8 . ▁▁ 1 7 . ▁St - J ose ph ▁Road ▁Bridge ▁( inter section ▁of ▁Route ▁March and ) ▁in ▁S ainte - Th è cle . ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁located ▁ 6 . 6 ▁kilom eters ▁in ▁direct ▁line ▁up stream ▁from ▁Germ ain ▁bridge ▁road , ▁in ▁Saint - T |
ite . ▁▁ 1 8 . ▁Bridge ▁of ▁the ▁R én ov at ▁Ch ou in ard ▁saw mill ▁powered ▁by ▁steam , ▁built ▁circa ▁ 1 9 0 3 ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁residence ▁of ▁Oct ave ▁Tell ier , ▁on ▁the ▁" riv ière ▁des ▁Env ies " ▁on ▁the ▁rivers ide ▁of ▁the ▁village . ▁A ▁bridge ▁was ▁built ▁mainly ▁for ▁mill ' s ▁activities . ▁Pre viously , ▁R én ov at ▁Ch ou in ard ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 9 ▁the ▁first ▁saw mill ▁at ▁the ▁out let ▁of ▁Lake ▁of ▁Tra verse ▁( L ac ▁de ▁la ▁Tra verse ). ▁He ▁sold ▁it ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁to ▁Alfred ▁St - Am and . ▁▁ 1 9 . ▁Var ious ▁br idges ▁on ▁private ▁lots ▁between ▁saw mill ▁of ▁R én ov at ▁Ch ou in ard ▁the ▁saw mill ▁of ▁Alfred ▁St - Am and , ▁including : ▁Louis ▁T ou pin , ▁Eu cl id ▁Tell ier , ▁Georges ▁P err on ▁and ▁Alfred ▁Hu ot . ▁▁ 2 0 . ▁Bridge ▁saw ▁mill ▁of ▁St - Am and ▁which ▁belonged ▁success ively ▁from ▁father ▁to ▁son , ▁Alfred , ▁Ad el ard ▁and ▁Roland ▁St - Am and . ▁This ▁private ▁bridge ▁down stream ▁of ▁the ▁mill ▁( on ▁the ▁old ▁road ▁of ▁St - Am and ) ▁was ▁mainly ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁mill ▁activities . ▁It ▁was ▁re built ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁to ▁allow ▁the ▁passage |
▁of ▁heavy ▁trucks . ▁▁ 2 1 . ▁Bridge ▁of ▁Lac ▁of ▁the ▁Jes uit ▁road , ▁at ▁the ▁out let ▁of ▁Lake - of - the - Tra verse , ▁at ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁the ▁" riv ière ▁des ▁Env ies ". ▁This ▁bridge ▁is ▁ ▁by ▁water ▁( and ▁direct ) ▁of ▁the ▁Bridge ▁of ▁St ▁Joseph ▁road ▁( inter section ▁of ▁Route ▁March and ). ▁In ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁the ▁first ▁bridge ▁was ▁built ▁over ▁the ▁old ▁government ▁road ▁( which ▁skirt ed ▁the ▁saw mill ). ▁ ▁Then ▁the ▁parish ▁built ▁a ▁new ▁wooden ▁bridge ▁in ▁around ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁of ▁only ▁one ▁lane . ▁This ▁bridge ▁was ▁re built ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁for ▁two ▁lane ▁traffic . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁government ▁re built ▁the ▁cement ▁bridge , ▁the ▁bridge ▁deck ▁is ▁now ▁higher ▁than ▁the ▁former . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁▁ ▁S ainte - Th è cle ▁ ▁Saint - T ite ▁ ▁H é rou x ville ▁ ▁Saint - S év ér in ▁ ▁Saint - St an isl as ▁( Les ▁Chen aux ) ▁ ▁Lac - à - la - T ort ue ▁ ▁Bat is can ▁River ▁ ▁Bat is can ie ▁ ▁Jean - J ose ph ▁Cas ot ▁ ▁M ek in ac ▁Regional ▁County ▁Municip ality ▁ ▁Lake ▁Jes uit ▁ ▁Lake ▁Tra verse ▁( M é kin ac ) ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Category : |
R ivers ▁of ▁Maur ic ie ▁Category : M é kin ac ▁Regional ▁County ▁Municip ality <0x0A> </s> ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁College ▁of ▁Arts ▁Science ▁and ▁Commerce , ▁M umb ai , ▁( in form ally ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁College ) ▁is ▁a ▁college ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁M umb ai ▁offering ▁under graduate ▁and ▁post graduate ▁degrees ▁in ▁Arts , ▁Science ▁and ▁Commerce . ▁ ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁College ▁of ▁Arts ▁Science ▁and ▁Commerce ▁is ▁managed ▁by ▁Kh air ul ▁Islam ▁Hig her ▁Education ▁Society , ▁M umb ai . ▁Society ▁was ▁founded ▁by ▁the ▁able ▁presid ency ▁of ▁Dr . R af iq ▁Z ak aria , ▁Education ist . ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁college ▁located ▁near ▁Nag p ada . ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁college ▁has ▁become ▁the ▁first ▁educational ▁inst itute ▁in ▁south ▁M umb ai ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁to ▁power ▁its ▁electricity ▁requirements ▁completely ▁from ▁solar ▁energy . ▁ ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁college ▁offer ▁a ▁junior ▁college ▁and ▁degree ▁college ▁courses . M ah ar as ht ra ▁college ▁also ▁provides ▁also ▁some ▁additional ▁courses ▁for ▁degree ▁college ▁like ▁Computer ▁Science ▁and ▁Information ▁technology . ▁And ▁there ▁one ▁legend ▁student ▁study , ▁named ▁as ▁" Mr . Z ulf ek ar ▁Nas ru dd in ▁Sha ikh " ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Aff ili ates ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁M umb ai <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁photo res ist or |
▁( ac ron ym ed ▁L DR ▁for ▁Light ▁Dec re asing ▁Res istance , ▁or ▁light - dependent ▁resist or , ▁or ▁photo - conduct ive ▁cell ) ▁is ▁an ▁active ▁component ▁that ▁decre ases ▁resistance ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁receiving ▁luminos ity ▁( light ) ▁on ▁the ▁component ' s ▁sensitive ▁surface . ▁The ▁resistance ▁of ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁decre ases ▁with ▁increase ▁in ▁incident ▁light ▁intensity ; ▁in ▁other ▁words , ▁it ▁exhib its ▁phot ocon duct ivity . ▁A ▁photo res ist or ▁can ▁be ▁applied ▁in ▁light - s ensitive ▁detector ▁circ uits ▁and ▁light - activ ated ▁and ▁dark - activ ated ▁switching ▁circ uits ▁acting ▁as ▁a ▁resistance ▁sem icon du ctor . ▁In ▁the ▁dark , ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁can ▁have ▁a ▁resistance ▁as ▁high ▁as ▁several ▁me ga oh ms ▁( M Ω ), ▁while ▁in ▁the ▁light , ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁can ▁have ▁a ▁resistance ▁as ▁low ▁as ▁a ▁few ▁hundred ▁oh ms . ▁If ▁incident ▁light ▁on ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁exceed s ▁a ▁certain ▁frequency , ▁phot ons ▁absorbed ▁by ▁the ▁sem icon du ctor ▁give ▁bound ▁elect rons ▁enough ▁energy ▁to ▁jump ▁into ▁the ▁condu ction ▁band . ▁The ▁resulting ▁free ▁elect rons ▁( and ▁their ▁hole ▁partners ) ▁conduct ▁electricity , ▁thereby ▁lower ing ▁resistance . ▁The ▁resistance ▁range ▁and ▁sensitivity ▁of ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁can ▁substant ially ▁differ ▁among ▁dis sim ilar ▁devices . ▁Moreover , ▁unique ▁photo res ist |
ors ▁may ▁react ▁substant ially ▁differently ▁to ▁phot ons ▁within ▁certain ▁w avelength ▁bands . ▁ ▁A ▁photo elect ric ▁device ▁can ▁be ▁either ▁intr insic ▁or ▁extr insic . ▁An ▁intr insic ▁sem icon du ctor ▁has ▁its ▁own ▁charge ▁car riers ▁and ▁is ▁not ▁an ▁efficient ▁sem icon du ctor , ▁for ▁example , ▁sil icon . ▁In ▁intr insic ▁devices , ▁the ▁only ▁available ▁elect rons ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁val ence ▁band , ▁and ▁hence ▁the ▁phot on ▁must ▁have ▁enough ▁energy ▁to ▁ex cite ▁the ▁electron ▁across ▁the ▁entire ▁band g ap . ▁Ex tr insic ▁devices ▁have ▁imp ur ities , ▁also ▁called ▁dop ants , ▁added ▁whose ▁ground ▁state ▁energy ▁is ▁closer ▁to ▁the ▁condu ction ▁band ; ▁since ▁the ▁elect rons ▁do ▁not ▁have ▁as ▁far ▁to ▁jump , ▁lower ▁energy ▁phot ons ▁( that ▁is , ▁longer ▁w avelength s ▁and ▁lower ▁frequencies ) ▁are ▁sufficient ▁to ▁trigger ▁the ▁device . ▁If ▁a ▁sample ▁of ▁sil icon ▁has ▁some ▁of ▁its ▁atoms ▁replaced ▁by ▁ph osph orus ▁atoms ▁( imp ur ities ), ▁there ▁will ▁be ▁extra ▁elect rons ▁available ▁for ▁condu ction . ▁This ▁is ▁an ▁example ▁of ▁an ▁extr insic ▁sem icon du ctor . ▁ ▁Design ▁consider ations ▁ ▁Photo res ist ors ▁are ▁less ▁light - s ensitive ▁devices ▁than ▁phot od iod es ▁or ▁phot ot r ans ist ors : ▁the ▁two ▁latter ▁components ▁are ▁true ▁sem icon du ctor ▁devices , ▁while ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁is |
▁an ▁active ▁component ▁that ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁P N - j unction . ▁ ▁The ▁photo res ist ivity ▁of ▁any ▁photo res ist or ▁may ▁vary ▁widely ▁depending ▁on ▁amb ient ▁temperature , ▁making ▁them ▁un su itable ▁for ▁applications ▁requiring ▁precise ▁measurement ▁of ▁or ▁sensitivity ▁to ▁light ▁phot ons . ▁ ▁Photo res ist ors ▁also ▁exhibit ▁a ▁certain ▁degree ▁of ▁lat ency ▁between ▁exposure ▁to ▁light ▁and ▁the ▁subsequent ▁decrease ▁in ▁resistance , ▁usually ▁around ▁ 1 0 ▁mill iseconds . ▁The ▁lag ▁time ▁when ▁going ▁from ▁lit ▁to ▁dark ▁environments ▁is ▁even ▁greater , ▁often ▁as ▁long ▁as ▁one ▁second . ▁This ▁property ▁makes ▁them ▁un su itable ▁for ▁sens ing ▁rapidly ▁fl ashing ▁lights , ▁but ▁is ▁sometimes ▁used ▁to ▁smooth ▁the ▁response ▁of ▁audio ▁signal ▁compression . ▁ ▁Ap plications ▁ ▁Photo res ist ors ▁come ▁in ▁many ▁types . ▁I nex p ensive ▁cad m ium ▁sul f ide ▁cells ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁many ▁consumer ▁items ▁such ▁as ▁camera ▁light ▁meters , ▁clock ▁rad ios , ▁alarm ▁devices ▁( as ▁the ▁detector ▁for ▁a ▁light ▁beam ), ▁night lights , ▁outdoor ▁cl ocks , ▁solar ▁street ▁l amps , ▁and ▁solar ▁road ▁stud s , ▁etc . ▁ ▁Photo res ist ors ▁can ▁be ▁placed ▁in ▁street lights ▁to ▁control ▁when ▁the ▁light ▁is ▁on . ▁Amb ient ▁light ▁falling ▁on ▁the ▁photo res ist or ▁causes ▁the ▁street light ▁to ▁turn ▁off . ▁Thus ▁energy ▁is ▁saved ▁by ▁ensuring ▁the ▁light ▁is ▁only |
▁on ▁during ▁hours ▁of ▁darkness . ▁ ▁Photo res ist ors ▁or ▁L DR s ▁are ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁laser - based ▁security ▁systems ▁to ▁detect ▁the ▁change ▁in ▁the ▁light ▁intensity ▁when ▁a ▁person / object ▁passes ▁through ▁the ▁laser ▁beam . ▁▁ ▁They ▁are ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁some ▁dynamic ▁compress ors ▁together ▁with ▁a ▁small ▁inc and es cent ▁or ▁ne on ▁lamp , ▁or ▁light - em itting ▁di ode ▁to ▁control ▁gain ▁reduction . ▁A ▁common ▁usage ▁of ▁this ▁application ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁many ▁guitar ▁ampl ifiers ▁that ▁incorporate ▁an ▁on board ▁trem olo ▁effect , ▁as ▁the ▁oscill ating ▁light ▁patterns ▁control ▁the ▁level ▁of ▁signal ▁running ▁through ▁the ▁am p ▁circuit . ▁ ▁The ▁use ▁of ▁C d S ▁and ▁C d Se ▁photo res ist ors ▁is ▁severely ▁restricted ▁in ▁Europe ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁Ro HS ▁ban ▁on ▁cad m ium . ▁ ▁Lead ▁sul f ide ▁( P b S ) ▁and ▁ind ium ▁ant im on ide ▁( In S b ) ▁L DR s ▁( light - dependent ▁resist ors ) ▁are ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁mid - in fr ared ▁spectral ▁region . ▁Ge : C u ▁phot ocon duct ors ▁are ▁among ▁the ▁best ▁far - in fr ared ▁detect ors ▁available , ▁and ▁are ▁used ▁for ▁in fr ared ▁astr onomy ▁and ▁in fr ared ▁spect ro sc opy . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Opt oe lect ron ics ▁Phot od et ector ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ |
▁Using ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁to ▁track ▁light ▁ ▁Connect ing ▁a ▁photo res ist or ▁to ▁a ▁circuit ▁ ▁Photo res ist or ▁overview ▁- ▁detail ing ▁operation , ▁structure ▁and ▁circuit ▁information ▁ ▁Category : Res ist ive ▁components ▁Category : Opt ical ▁devices ▁Category : S ensors <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Broad kill ▁River ▁is ▁a ▁river ▁flowing ▁to ▁Del aware ▁Bay ▁in ▁southern ▁Del aware ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁It ▁is ▁ ▁long ▁and ▁dr ains ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁ ▁on ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Coast al ▁Pl ain . ▁ ▁The ▁Broad kill ▁flows ▁for ▁its ▁entire ▁length ▁in ▁eastern ▁Sus sex ▁County . ▁It ▁issues ▁from ▁W ag am ons ▁P ond ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁Mil ton ; ▁the ▁p ond ▁is ▁fed ▁by ▁two ▁t ribut aries ▁known ▁as ▁In gram ▁Branch ▁and ▁P ember ton ▁Branch . ▁ ▁From ▁Mil ton , ▁the ▁Broad kill ▁River ▁flows ▁generally ▁east ward ly , ▁passing ▁through ▁wet lands ▁and ▁salt ▁mars hes ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Hook ▁National ▁Wild life ▁Ref uge . ▁ ▁After ▁approaching ▁to ▁within ▁ ▁of ▁Del aware ▁Bay , ▁the ▁river ▁par alle ls ▁the ▁shore line ▁a ▁short ▁distance ▁in land ▁for ▁approximately ▁ ▁before ▁flowing ▁into ▁the ▁bay , ▁approximately ▁ ▁north west ▁of ▁Lew es . ▁The ▁United ▁States ▁Coast ▁Guard ▁maint ains ▁a ▁station ▁near ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Broad kill . ▁The ▁mouth ▁is ▁connected ▁to ▁Re h ob oth ▁Bay ▁by ▁the ▁Lew es ▁and ▁Re h |
ob oth ▁Canal , ▁which ▁forms ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁In tr aco ast al ▁Water way . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁the ▁river ▁was ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁a ▁regional ▁ship building ▁industry , ▁ar ising ▁from ▁the ▁access ▁it ▁furn ished ▁to ▁in land ▁forests ; ▁the ▁industry ▁fell ▁into ▁decline ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 9 0 s . ▁ ▁A ▁foot path ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Govern ors ▁Walk ▁follows ▁the ▁Broad kill ▁in ▁central ▁Mil ton . ▁ ▁The ▁Nature ▁Conserv ancy ▁established ▁a ▁preserve ▁along ▁the ▁river ▁down stream ▁of ▁Mil ton ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁ ▁, ▁an ▁annual ▁can oe ▁and ▁k ay ak ▁race ▁was ▁being ▁held ▁on ▁the ▁river ▁in ▁Mil ton . ▁ ▁Vari ant ▁names ▁and ▁spell ings ▁The ▁United ▁States ▁Board ▁on ▁Ge ographic ▁Names ▁issued ▁an ▁opinion ▁clar ifying ▁" Broad kill ▁River " ▁as ▁the ▁stream ' s ▁name ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁Ge ographic ▁Names ▁Information ▁System , ▁it ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁known ▁histor ically ▁as : ▁Broad ▁Creek ▁ ▁Broad ▁Kill ▁Broad ▁Kill ▁Creek ▁ ▁Broad kill ▁Creek ▁ ▁Broad kil n ▁Creek ▁Lewis ▁Creek ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁Del aware ▁rivers ▁Thomas ▁W ins more ▁( s cho on er ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Del aware ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Sus sex ▁County , ▁Del aware ▁Category : T ribut aries ▁of ▁Del aware ▁Bay <0x0A> |
</s> ▁The ▁Men ' s ▁- 7 3 kg ▁competition ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁World ▁Jud o ▁Championships ▁was ▁held ▁at ▁ 1 1 ▁September ▁at ▁the ▁Y oy og i ▁National ▁Gym nas ium ▁in ▁Tokyo , ▁Japan . ▁ 8 2 ▁competitors ▁cont ested ▁for ▁the ▁med als , ▁being ▁split ▁in ▁ 4 ▁P ools ▁where ▁the ▁winner ▁advanced ▁to ▁the ▁medal ▁round . ▁ ▁Pool ▁A ▁Last ▁ 3 2 ▁fights : ▁ ▁Wang ▁Ki - Ch un ▁ 1 0 1 ▁vs . ▁ ▁K ün ter ▁Roth berg ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Kr z ysz to f ▁Wi ł kom ir ski ▁ 1 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Ed son ▁Made ira ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁K iy oshi ▁U em ats u ▁ 0 0 1 ▁vs . ▁ ▁David ▁Pap aux ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Nicholas ▁Tr itt on ▁ 0 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Nicholas ▁Del pop olo ▁ 1 1 0 ▁ ▁Krist jan ▁Jon sson ▁ 1 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Sam uela ▁M ate i yal ona ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Pool ▁B ▁Last ▁ 3 2 ▁fights : ▁ ▁Ali ▁Mal ou mat ▁ 0 2 1 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Mir ali ▁Shar ip ov ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Jean ▁B ott ie au ▁ 0 2 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Ab ner ▁Water house ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Y as uh iro ▁Aw ano ▁ 1 |
0 1 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Bat rad z ▁Kay t maz ov ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁D my t ro ▁Sher et ov ▁ 0 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Sand or ▁Tar aba ▁ 1 0 0 ▁ ▁Em manuel ▁N arte y ▁ 1 1 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁K hal ifa ▁Al ▁Q ub ais i ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Pool ▁C ▁Last ▁ 3 2 ▁fights : ▁ ▁Bang ▁G ui - Man ▁ 1 0 2 ▁vs . ▁ ▁R in at ▁I br ag im ov ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Vol od ym yr ▁Sor oka ▁ 1 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Daniel ▁Williams ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁J ia ▁Y ita o ▁ 0 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Hus se in ▁H af iz ▁ 1 0 0 ▁ ▁Ny am ▁S ain j arg al ▁ 1 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Nik ola ▁Pe j ic ▁ 0 0 0 ▁ ▁Pool ▁D ▁Last ▁ 3 2 ▁fights : ▁ ▁D irk ▁Van ▁T iche lt ▁ 0 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Tom asz ▁Adam ie c ▁ 1 0 0 ▁ ▁Say ed ▁H uss ain i ▁ 0 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Ren at ▁Mir z ali y ev ▁ 1 0 0 ▁ ▁Ar sl an ▁Nur mu ham med ov ▁ 0 0 0 ▁vs . ▁ ▁Michael ▁Eld red ▁ 1 0 0 ▁F atos ▁Tab aku ▁ 0 0 0 |
▁vs . ▁ ▁Nav ru z ▁Jur ak obil ov ▁ 1 0 1 ▁ ▁Re pe ch age ▁ ▁Fin als ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁Site ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 ▁World ▁Jud o ▁Championships <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Mas ch see ▁is ▁an ▁artificial ▁lake ▁situated ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁centre ▁of ▁Han over ▁in ▁Germany . ▁Sp anning ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁ 7 8 ▁he ct ares , ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁largest ▁body ▁of ▁water ▁within ▁the ▁capital ▁of ▁Lower ▁Sax ony . ▁The ▁lake ▁is ▁a ▁popular ▁rec reation ▁area ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁a ▁venue ▁for ▁numerous ▁water ▁sports . ▁ ▁Name ▁The ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁st ems ▁from ▁the ▁so - called ▁“ Le in em ars ch “, ▁or ▁simply ▁” M ars ch “, ▁meaning ▁sw amp . ▁This ▁is ▁the ▁historical ▁description ▁for ▁the ▁area ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁lake ▁was ▁built , ▁that ▁was ▁in ▁a ▁deep - lying ▁flood plain ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁Le ine . ▁ ▁Construction ▁ ▁Design ▁It ▁was ▁first ▁considered ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁lake ▁in ▁the ▁wide ▁river ▁valley ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁Le ine ▁near ▁Han over ▁during ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 th ▁century . ▁This ▁tied ▁in ▁with ▁the ▁by - then ▁necessary ▁dy king ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁Le ine ▁and ▁the ▁River ▁I h me , ▁which ▁would ▁regularly ▁flood ▁the ▁city ▁after ▁snow ▁melt ed ▁in ▁the ▁Har z ▁Mountains ▁in ▁spring . ▁The ▁creation ▁of ▁a |
▁lake ▁could ▁reduce ▁the ▁threat ▁of ▁high ▁water ▁levels ▁and ▁put ▁the ▁Le ine ' s ▁river ▁valley ▁area ▁to ▁better ▁use . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁decades ▁there ▁were ▁further , ▁very ▁different ▁designs : ▁Small ▁solutions ▁and ▁larger ▁ones , ▁which ▁env is aged ▁the ▁Sch üt zen platz ▁( sh oot ing ▁range ) ▁as ▁an ▁island ▁in ▁the ▁lake . ▁In ▁September ▁ 1 9 2 5 ▁the ▁newly ▁elected ▁city ▁mayor ▁Arthur ▁M enge ▁commissioned ▁Otto ▁Franz ius , ▁a ▁water ▁engineer ▁and ▁professor ▁at ▁the ▁Han over ▁Technical ▁College ▁( now ▁Le ib n iz ▁University ▁Hann over ), ▁to ▁work ▁out ▁the ▁details ▁of ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁a ▁lake ▁together ▁with ▁the ▁city ' s ▁building ▁authorities . ▁Franz ius ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁designing ▁of ▁the ▁hydro - engine ering ▁and ▁hyd rolog ical ▁elements ▁of ▁the ▁project , ▁while ▁the ▁city ▁authorities , ▁led ▁by ▁Karl ▁El k art , ▁would ▁handle ▁the ▁urban ▁development ▁aspects . ▁ ▁In ▁contrast ▁to ▁the ▁original ▁idea ▁that ▁the ▁lake ▁be ▁dug ▁down ▁into ▁sw amp ▁land ▁and ▁then ▁be ▁supplied ▁with ▁water ▁by ▁the ▁Le ine , ▁a ▁new ▁proposal ▁emerged ▁to ▁build ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁at op ▁the ▁sw amp ▁in ▁a ▁bowl - like ▁structure ▁– ▁raising ▁it ▁higher ▁than ▁the ▁water ▁level ▁of ▁the ▁Le ine ▁– ▁and ▁having ▁it ▁be ▁filled ▁using ▁a ▁system ▁of ▁water ▁p umps . ▁This ▁would ▁er ad icate ▁the ▁problem ▁of |
▁a ▁potential ▁accum ulation ▁of ▁mud ▁through ▁flood ▁waters . ▁ ▁Franz ius ▁created ▁a ▁final ▁design ▁that ▁proved ▁both ▁effective ▁and ▁financ ially ▁acceptable , ▁where up on ▁the ▁city ▁authorities ▁provided ▁a ▁grant ▁of ▁ 1 4 , 0 0 0 ▁Reich sm arks ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁toward ▁attempts ▁to ▁seal ▁the ▁bas in ▁of ▁the ▁proposed ▁lake . ▁ ▁Despite ▁the ▁plans ▁being ▁completed ▁it ▁nevertheless ▁took ▁roughly ▁eight ▁years ▁until ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s ▁for ▁work ▁to ▁commence . ▁The ▁three ▁main ▁factors ▁behind ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁an ▁artificial ▁lake ▁in ▁the ▁River ▁Le ine ’ s ▁river ▁valley ▁were : ▁ ▁The ▁emb ank ment ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁I h me ’ s ▁flood ▁channel ▁ ▁The ▁creation ▁of ▁a ▁local ▁rec reation ▁area ▁close ▁to ▁the ▁city ▁that ▁provided ▁the ▁opportunity ▁for ▁water ▁sports ▁ ▁The ▁elim ination ▁of ▁high ▁unemployment ▁levels ▁( 1 9 3 2 : ▁ 5 8 , 0 0 0 ▁Han over ians ) ▁through ▁program mes ▁of ▁public ▁works . ▁ ▁One ▁factor ▁against ▁construction ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁was ▁the ▁nearly ▁ ▁B ism ar ck ▁Tower ▁which ▁stood ▁in ▁the ▁centre ▁of ▁the ▁proposed ▁water ▁feature . ▁Here , ▁param il itary ▁mar ches ▁took ▁place ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁a ▁book ▁burning ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 3 . ▁The ▁land mark ▁was ▁eventually ▁demol ished ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 ▁during ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the |
▁lake ' s ▁construction . ▁ ▁Job ▁creation ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s , ▁the ▁era ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁Dep ression , ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Han over ▁lack ed ▁the ▁necessary ▁finance ▁for ▁the ▁commence ment ▁of ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁project , ▁even ▁though ▁the ▁project ▁had ▁already ▁been ▁planned ▁some ▁ten ▁years ▁earlier . ▁The ▁project ▁was ▁favour able ▁for ▁the ▁Nazi ▁Party ▁that ▁came ▁to ▁power ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁as ▁it ▁would ▁help ▁reduce ▁unemployment ▁levels , ▁which ▁was ▁a ▁central ▁theme ▁of ▁their ▁propaganda . ▁On ▁ 2 8 ▁November ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁the ▁project ▁was ▁approved ▁at ▁a ▁meeting ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁council . ▁▁▁ ▁On ▁ 2 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁the ▁first ▁ground ▁was ▁broken ▁in ▁the ▁Le ine ▁sw amp . ▁Despite ▁the ▁unset t led ▁financing ▁of ▁the ▁project , ▁it ▁provided ▁many ▁people ▁with ▁work . ▁D riven ▁by ▁the ▁harsh ness ▁of ▁the ▁economic ▁situation ▁of ▁the ▁time , ▁they ▁took ▁on ▁tough ▁working ▁conditions ▁and ▁low ▁pay ▁which ▁was ▁barely ▁much ▁higher ▁than ▁unemployment ▁support . ▁▁ ▁During ▁construction ▁fourteen ▁loc omot ive ▁trains ▁with ▁ 3 6 5 ▁tip ping ▁w ag ons ▁were ▁used ▁along ▁a ▁ 1 5 km ▁track ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁dig gers ▁and ▁five ▁craw ler ▁tract ors . ▁Many ▁workers ▁though ▁had ▁to ▁supply ▁their ▁own ▁tools . ▁Init ially ▁there ▁were ▁ 1 0 0 ▁people ▁working ▁on ▁the ▁project |
, ▁but ▁by ▁its ▁completion ▁ 1 , 6 5 0 ▁people ▁had ▁been ▁involved ▁to ▁exc av ate ▁roughly ▁ 7 8 0 , 0 0 0 ▁square ▁metres ▁of ▁earth ▁to ▁create ▁the ▁lake ▁bas in . ▁▁ ▁With ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁project ▁fully ▁completed ▁by ▁early ▁ 1 9 3 6 , ▁the ▁official ▁opening ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁May ▁ 1 9 3 6 . ▁H undred s ▁of ▁thousands ▁of ▁Han over ians ▁and ▁guests ▁looked ▁on ▁from ▁the ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁as ▁the ▁event ▁began ▁with ▁the ▁then - typ ical ▁tro oping ▁of ▁the ▁Nazi ▁Party . ▁In ▁addition ▁some ▁ 6 , 0 0 0 ▁sport ing ▁persons ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁a ▁rally ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁armed ▁forces ▁and ▁public ▁officials . ▁▁ ▁During ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁the ▁lake ▁was ▁covered ▁up ▁with ▁can v ass es ▁and ▁fake ▁landsc apes ▁created ▁on ▁floating ▁islands ▁created , ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁conf use ▁All ied ▁bom ber ▁pilots ▁of ▁their ▁where ab outs ▁during ▁air ▁ra ids ▁on ▁Han over . ▁ ▁Water ▁supply ▁The ▁water ▁level ▁los es ▁a ▁maximum ▁of ▁ 1 . 3 ▁cent imet res ▁per ▁day ▁through ▁ev ap oration ▁and ▁water ▁se ep age , ▁which ▁equ ates ▁to ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁cub ic ▁metres ▁of ▁water . ▁In ▁order ▁to ▁maintain ▁a ▁constant ▁level , ▁a ▁pump ▁station ▁at ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁p onds ▁in ▁Rick ling en ▁provides ▁the |
▁Mas ch see ▁with ▁a ▁water ▁supply . ▁Its ▁three ▁p umps ▁send ▁water ▁along ▁an ▁ ▁pipe ▁to ▁the ▁" source " ▁of ▁the ▁Mas ch see . ▁Dep ending ▁on ▁weather ▁conditions , ▁between ▁ 1 - 2 ▁million ▁m 3 ▁of ▁water ▁are ▁required . ▁From ▁November ▁until ▁February ▁no ▁pump ing ▁is ▁carried ▁out , ▁so ▁the ▁water ▁level ▁sink s ▁on ▁average ▁ 4 5 cm ▁during ▁this ▁time . ▁ ▁Until ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁the ▁Mas ch see ' s ▁water ▁level ▁was ▁supplied ▁by ▁the ▁" M as ch see ▁Source " ▁pump ▁station . ▁Its ▁pump ing ▁and ▁filter ing ▁houses ▁were ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁building ▁projects ▁at ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁to ▁be ▁put ▁into ▁operation ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 3 5 . ▁The ▁plant ▁is ▁equipped ▁with ▁two ▁p umps ▁which ▁are ▁capable ▁of ▁raising ▁ 5 0 0 ▁lit res ▁of ▁water ▁every ▁second ▁from ▁the ▁River ▁Le ine . ▁▁ ▁As ▁the ▁Le ine ▁is ▁strongly ▁cont am inated ▁with ▁suspended ▁sed iment , ▁the ▁usage ▁of ▁this ▁water ▁supply ▁meant ▁that ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁quickly ▁began ▁to ▁s ilt ▁up . ▁The ▁Han over ▁city ▁administration ▁therefore ▁decided ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁to ▁build ▁the ▁new ▁pump ▁station ▁at ▁the ▁Rick ling en ▁P onds , ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁supply ▁the ▁lake ▁with ▁ground water . ▁ ▁The ▁old ▁pump ing ▁house ▁is ▁only ▁active ▁today ▁if ▁the ▁oxygen ▁content ▁of |
▁the ▁water ▁is ▁too ▁low , ▁as ▁this ▁water ▁is ▁supplied ▁to ▁the ▁lake ▁through ▁an ▁open - air ▁three - stage ▁cas c ading ▁system ▁that ▁raises ▁oxygen ▁levels . ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁put ▁into ▁use ▁during ▁the ▁Mas ch se ef est . ▁ ▁Today ▁the ▁old ▁pump ing ▁house ▁is ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁club ▁house ▁by ▁the ▁Han over ▁Sport ▁Club . ▁ ▁Le isure ▁activities ▁ ▁Mas ch se ef est ▁Every ▁summer ▁the ▁Mas ch se ef est ▁is ▁held ▁over ▁several ▁weeks ▁beside ▁the ▁lake , ▁which ▁draws ▁around ▁two ▁million ▁visitors ▁annually . ▁The ▁event ▁was ▁first ▁st aged ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁to ▁comm emor ate ▁the ▁ 5 0 th ▁anniversary ▁of ▁the ▁Mas che e ' s ▁opening . ▁It ▁features ▁musical ▁performances , ▁cab aret , ▁cu isine ▁and ▁fire work ▁displays . ▁ ▁Bo ats ▁and ▁ships ▁During ▁the ▁summer ▁months ▁the ▁Han over ian ▁transport ▁company ▁ü stra ▁operates ▁boat ▁trips ▁on ▁the ▁lake ▁using ▁electric ally ▁powered ▁vessels . ▁Sur round ing ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁are ▁numerous ▁clubs ▁for ▁water ▁sports ▁( most ▁popular ly , ▁row ing ▁and ▁sail ing ). ▁During ▁the ▁year ▁many ▁diverse ▁compet itions ▁are ▁held ▁on ▁the ▁lake , ▁including ▁the ▁annual ▁European ▁Dragon ▁Bo at ▁Race . ▁ ▁Between ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁motor ▁boat ▁compet itions ▁were ▁regularly ▁st aged ▁on ▁the ▁lake , ▁which ▁saw ▁four ▁world ▁championship s ▁cont |
ested ▁and ▁ten ▁European ▁champions ▁c rowned . ▁ ▁Bath ing ▁The ▁Mas ch see ▁Beach ▁lies ▁at ▁the ▁southern ▁point ▁of ▁the ▁lake . ▁The ▁former ▁city ▁open ▁air ▁pool ▁was ▁handed ▁over ▁by ▁the ▁city ▁to ▁a ▁private ▁invest or ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁They ▁began ▁construction ▁on ▁an ▁expensive ▁commercial ▁“ well ness ▁park “, ▁where up on ▁the ▁project ▁st alled . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁the ▁invest or ▁group ▁A sp ria ▁took ▁over ▁and ▁continued ▁the ▁work . ▁▁ ▁In ▁spring ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁A sp ria ▁Hann over ▁opened ▁a ▁private ▁sp a ▁and ▁sport ▁club ▁in ▁the ▁buildings ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁public ▁facilities ▁and ▁some ▁newly ▁built ▁prem ises . ▁A sp ria ▁also ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁running ▁of ▁the ▁public ▁bath ing ▁area ▁though ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁over ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁bath ing ▁area ▁is ▁only ▁accessible ▁to ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁private ▁A sp ria ▁club . ▁ ▁Ex erc ising ▁With ▁its ▁proxim ity ▁to ▁the ▁centre ▁of ▁Han over , ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁is ▁a ▁popular ▁rec reation ▁area ▁for ▁the ▁city ' s ▁walk ers ▁and ▁jog gers . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁a ▁ 6 km ▁long ▁route ▁around ▁the ▁lake ▁was ▁mapped ▁out ▁by ▁the ▁German ▁Athlet ics ▁Association . ▁This ▁track ▁runs ▁along ▁the ▁foot path , ▁closer ▁to ▁the ▁water ▁than ▁the ▁as ph alt - co ated ▁cycle ▁path . ▁Since ▁ |
2 0 0 3 ▁the ▁cycle ▁path ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁open ▁for ▁roll er ▁sk ating ▁usage . ▁ ▁Ice ▁activities ▁ ▁If ▁the ▁lake ▁free zes ▁in ▁Winter ▁with ▁the ▁thickness ▁of ▁the ▁ice ▁exceed ing ▁ 1 3 cm , ▁then ▁the ▁city ▁authorities ▁ho ist ▁a ▁flag ▁at ▁the ▁northern ▁shore ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁to ▁indicate ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁permitted ▁to ▁go ▁onto ▁the ▁ice . ▁In ▁periods ▁of ▁constant ▁cold ▁weather ▁the ▁lake ▁can ▁draw ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁visitors ▁a ▁day ▁for ▁activities ▁such ▁as ▁ice ▁sk ating ▁and ▁ice ▁hockey . ▁If ▁the ▁ice ▁thickness ▁reaches ▁ 2 0 cm ▁then ▁st alls ▁can ▁even ▁be ▁ere cted ▁upon ▁the ▁ice ▁too ; ▁this ▁last ▁occurred ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁Art ▁works ▁Not able ▁works ▁of ▁art ▁on ▁the ▁northern ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁lake ▁are ▁the ▁ ▁red ▁steel ▁" H elle b ard ier " ▁sculpt ure ▁by ▁Alexander ▁Cal der ▁( 1 9 7 2 ) ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁bronze ▁Olympic ▁torch bear er ▁that ▁stands ▁at op ▁an ▁ ▁stone ▁column ▁and ▁" Put to ▁on ▁the ▁Fish " ▁that ▁were ▁both ▁created ▁by ▁Herm ann ▁Sche u ern st u hl ▁( 1 9 3 6 ). ▁ ▁Other ▁sculpt ures ▁on ▁the ▁eastern ▁side ▁are ▁the ▁" M ens chen pa ar " ▁by ▁Georg ▁Kol be ▁( 1 9 3 6 – 3 7 ) ▁and ▁two ▁lion ▁sculpt |
ures ▁created ▁by ▁Ar no ▁Bre ker ▁( 1 9 3 8 ). ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁Er ich ▁Hab er land ▁un ve iled ▁his ▁piece ▁" The ▁Sw immer ", ▁which ▁stands ▁in ▁the ▁public ▁bath ing ▁area . ▁ ▁Spanish ▁artist ▁Santiago ▁Sierra ▁caused ▁a ▁sensation ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁when ▁he ▁remembered ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁was ▁built ▁through ▁a ▁Nazi ▁work ▁programme ▁by ▁install ing ▁a ▁walk - in ▁room ▁filled ▁with ▁mud ▁at ▁the ▁K est ner ▁Society ▁Art ▁Gallery . ▁ ▁A ▁light ▁art ▁project ▁was ▁held ▁around ▁the ▁lake ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁" New ▁Moon ▁on ▁the ▁Lake ". ▁The ▁display ▁consisted ▁of ▁ 2 2 ▁ill um inated ▁pieces ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁created ▁by ▁international ▁artists , ▁which ▁formed ▁the ▁opening ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Garden ▁Project ▁in ▁Han over . ▁ ▁Access ibility ▁ ▁The ▁Mas ch see ▁lies ▁close ▁to ▁such ▁other ▁notable ▁places ▁as ▁the ▁New ▁City ▁Hall , ▁the ▁Lower ▁Sax ony ▁State ▁Museum , ▁the ▁Sp re ng el ▁Museum , ▁the ▁A WD - A rena ▁( home ▁of ▁the ▁football ▁club ▁Hann over ▁ 9 6 ), ▁the ▁main ▁city ▁indoor ▁swimming ▁pool ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁Lower ▁Sax ony ▁broadcast ing ▁houses ▁of ▁television ▁channels ▁N DR ▁and ▁Z DF . ▁ ▁The ▁lake ▁is ▁directly ▁accessible ▁by ▁using ▁the ▁bus ▁stops ▁at ▁the ▁A WD ▁Arena |
▁and ▁the ▁Sp re ng el ▁Museum . ▁Additional ▁bus ▁and ▁tram ▁stops ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁A eg id ient or platz , ▁Sch lä ger straße , ▁Ge ib el straße , ▁Al ten bek ener ▁D amm ▁and ▁D ö hren ▁Tower ▁also ▁lie ▁in ▁relatively ▁close ▁proxim ity ▁to ▁the ▁lake . ▁ ▁N umer ous ▁foot ▁and ▁cycle ▁paths ▁lead ▁to ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁and ▁follow ▁along ▁its ▁shore line . ▁The ▁western ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁lake , ▁where ▁the ▁club ▁houses ▁of ▁numerous ▁water ▁sport ▁clubs ▁are ▁situated , ▁is ▁only ▁accessible ▁by ▁foot ▁or ▁cycle ▁as ▁vehicles ▁are ▁not ▁permitted ▁without ▁official ▁permission . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁The ▁Mas ch see ▁at ▁Han over ▁Tour ist ▁Information ▁Description ▁in ▁g erman , ▁maps ▁and ▁images ▁concerning ▁the ▁Mas ch see - L ake ▁Story ▁of ▁the ▁Mas ch see ▁public ▁bath ing ▁beach ▁ ▁Category : Ge ography ▁of ▁Han over ▁Category : L akes ▁of ▁Lower ▁Sax ony ▁Category : Res erv oirs ▁in ▁Lower ▁Sax ony ▁Category : Art ificial ▁l akes ▁Category : Row ing ▁ven ues ▁Category : 1 9 3 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Germany ▁Category : T our ist ▁attra ctions ▁in ▁Han over <0x0A> </s> ▁Vi č ▁( ; ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁part ▁of ▁L j ubl j ana , ▁the ▁capital ▁of ▁Sl oven ia . ▁It ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁traditional ▁region ▁of ▁Upper ▁Carn i ola |
▁and ▁is ▁now ▁included ▁with ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁municip ality ▁in ▁the ▁Central ▁Sl oven ia ▁Stat ist ical ▁Region . ▁ ▁Name ▁Vi č ▁was ▁att ested ▁in ▁written ▁sources ▁in ▁ 1 3 3 9 ▁as ▁ze ▁We y ze ▁( and ▁as ▁Ve itsch ▁in ▁ 1 3 9 7 ▁and ▁We itsch ▁in ▁ 1 4 0 6 ). ▁The ▁origin ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁is ▁uncertain . ▁Poss ibilities ▁include ▁deriv ation ▁from ▁the ▁n oun ▁* vi č ▁' will ow ▁sw itches ' ▁or ▁' you ng ▁woods ', ▁or ▁from ▁the ▁personal ▁name ▁* V it ъ , ▁referring ▁to ▁an ▁early ▁inhabit ant . ▁Less ▁likely ▁possibilities ▁include ▁deriv ation ▁from ▁bi č ▁' rus hes ' ▁and ▁Latin ▁vic us ▁' v ill age '. ▁In ▁the ▁past ▁the ▁German ▁name ▁was ▁Wait sch . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Vi č ▁was ▁an nex ed ▁by ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁L j ubl j ana ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 , ▁ending ▁its ▁existence ▁as ▁an ▁independent ▁settlement . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Vi č ▁was ▁heavily ▁affected ▁by ▁flood s . ▁ ▁Cultural ▁heritage ▁ ▁The ▁Two ▁Em per ors ▁Street ▁Pav il ion ▁() ▁stands ▁at ▁the ▁west ▁end ▁of ▁Two ▁Em per ors ▁Street ▁() ▁in ▁the ▁south west ▁part ▁of ▁Vi č . ▁It ▁was ▁built ▁at ▁the ▁initiative ▁of ▁the ▁L j ubl j ana ▁town ▁hall ▁as ▁a ▁gift ▁by ▁the ▁town ' s ▁residents |
▁to ▁Emperor ▁Francis ▁I , ▁who ▁celebrated ▁his ▁birthday ▁in ▁L j ubl j ana ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 1 ▁while ▁attending ▁the ▁Congress ▁of ▁La ib ach ▁together ▁with ▁Alexander ▁I ▁of ▁Russia . ▁The ▁p av il ion ▁is ▁built ▁in ▁the ▁Empire ▁style ▁and ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁few ▁surviving ▁imperial ▁structures ▁in ▁L j ubl j ana . ▁The ▁Rob e ž nik ▁Inn , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ž ab ar ▁Inn , ▁is ▁a ▁U - shaped ▁set ▁of ▁buildings ▁at ▁Vi č ▁Street ▁( Vi š ka ▁c esta ) ▁nos . ▁ 4 8 ▁and ▁ 5 0 ▁in ▁the ▁historical ▁village ▁center . ▁It ▁consists ▁of ▁living ▁quarters , ▁an ▁inn , ▁and ▁farm ▁buildings . ▁The ▁structures ▁have ▁been ▁adapted ▁to ▁modern ▁use , ▁but ▁architect ural ▁elements ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁are ▁preserved . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Vi č ▁on ▁Ge op edia ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Form er ▁settlement s ▁in ▁Sl oven ia <0x0A> </s> ▁Les ▁Williams ▁( 1 4 ▁September ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁– ▁ 1 4 ▁April ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁was ▁an ▁ ▁Australian ▁rules ▁football er ▁who ▁played ▁with ▁South ▁Melbourne ▁in ▁the ▁Victorian ▁Football ▁League ▁( V FL ). ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁deaths ▁Category : Austral ian ▁rules ▁football ers ▁from ▁Victoria ▁( Austral ia |
) ▁Category : S yd ney ▁Sw ans ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Pat ric ia ▁F ara ▁is ▁a ▁historian ▁of ▁science ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Cambridge . ▁ ▁She ▁is ▁a ▁graduate ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Oxford ▁and ▁did ▁her ▁PhD ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁London . ▁She ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Darwin ▁College ▁and ▁is ▁an ▁Emer it us ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Cl are ▁College ▁where ▁she ▁was ▁previously ▁Director ▁of ▁Studies ▁in ▁the ▁History ▁and ▁Philosoph y ▁and ▁Science . ▁F ara ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁College ▁Te aching ▁Officer ▁in ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁History ▁and ▁Philosoph y ▁of ▁Science . ▁From ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁F ara ▁was ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Society ▁for ▁the ▁History ▁of ▁Science . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁she ▁became ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Ant iqu arian ▁Hor ological ▁Society . ▁F ara ▁is ▁author ▁of ▁numerous ▁popular ▁books ▁on ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁science ▁and ▁has ▁been ▁a ▁guest ▁on ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ' s ▁science ▁and ▁history ▁discussion ▁series , ▁In ▁Our ▁Time . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁and ▁education ▁F ara ▁began ▁her ▁academic ▁career ▁as ▁a ▁phys ic ist ▁but ▁returned ▁to ▁graduate ▁studies ▁as ▁a ▁mature ▁student ▁to ▁special ise ▁in ▁History ▁and ▁Philosoph y ▁of ▁Science , ▁completing ▁her ▁PhD ▁thesis ▁at ▁Imperial ▁College , ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁ ▁Research ▁and ▁writing ▁Her ▁areas ▁of ▁particular ▁academic ▁interest ▁include ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁port ra iture ▁and ▁art ▁in |
▁the ▁history ▁of ▁science , ▁science ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁century ▁England ▁during ▁the ▁En light en ment ▁and ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁women ▁in ▁science . ▁ ▁She ▁has ▁written ▁about ▁numerous ▁women ▁in ▁science , ▁mathemat ics , ▁engineering , ▁and ▁medicine ▁including : ▁Her tha ▁A yr ton , ▁Lady ▁Helen ▁Gle ichen , ▁Mon a ▁Ch al mers ▁Watson , ▁Helen ▁G w yn ne - V augh an , ▁Isabel ▁E ms lie ▁H utton , ▁Fl ora ▁Murray , ▁I da ▁Mac lean , ▁Marie ▁Stop es , ▁and ▁Martha ▁Annie ▁White ley . ▁She ▁has ▁argued ▁for ▁expanded ▁access ▁to ▁child care ▁as ▁a ▁means ▁of ▁increasing ▁the ▁ret ention ▁of ▁women ▁in ▁science . ▁She ▁has ▁written ▁and ▁co - auth ored ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁books ▁for ▁children ▁on ▁science . ▁ ▁F ara ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁review er ▁of ▁books ▁on ▁history ▁of ▁science . ▁ ▁She ▁has ▁written ▁the ▁award - winning ▁Science : ▁A ▁Four ▁Th ous and ▁Year ▁History ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁and ▁Er asm us ▁Darwin : ▁Sex , ▁Science , ▁and ▁Ser end ip ity ▁( 2 0 1 2 ). ▁Her ▁most ▁recent ▁book ▁is ▁A ▁Lab ▁of ▁One ' s ▁Own : ▁Science ▁and ▁S uff rage ▁in ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War " ▁( 2 0 1 7 ). Br ut on , ▁Elizabeth ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁' When ▁S uff rag ettes ▁kicked ▁open ▁the ▁lab ▁door ' |
▁Nature ▁ 1 0 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁F ara ▁published ▁an ▁article ▁in ▁Nature ▁( journal ), ▁stress ing ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁bi ograph ies ▁of ▁female ▁scientists ▁perpet uate ▁stere ot ypes . ▁ ▁Awards ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁D ingle ▁Prize , ▁British ▁Society ▁for ▁the ▁History ▁of ▁Science ▁for ▁Science : ▁A ▁Four ▁Th ous and ▁Year ▁History ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁F ara , ▁Pat ric ia ▁( 2 0 0 2 ) ▁An ▁Entertainment ▁for ▁Ang els : ▁Electric ity ▁in ▁the ▁En light en ment ▁Icon ▁Books ▁ ▁F ara , ▁Pat ric ia ▁( 2 0 0 2 ) ▁Newton : ▁The ▁Making ▁of ▁Gen ius ▁Pan - Mac Mill an ▁ ▁F ara , ▁Pat ric ia ▁( 2 0 0 2 ) ▁Scient ists ▁An onymous : ▁Great ▁Stories ▁of ▁Women ▁in ▁Science . ▁Tot em ▁Books . ▁▁▁ ▁F ara , ▁Pat ric ia ▁( 2 0 0 4 ) ▁Pand ora ' s ▁B ree ches : ▁Women , ▁Science ▁and ▁Power ▁in ▁the ▁En light en ment ▁P im lic o ▁Books ▁ ▁F ara , ▁Pat ric ia ▁( 2 0 0 5 ) ▁F atal ▁At tr action : ▁Mag netic ▁Myst eries ▁of ▁the ▁En light en ment ▁Icon ▁Books ▁ ▁F ara , ▁Pat ric ia ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁Science : ▁A ▁Four ▁Th ous and ▁Year |
▁History ▁Oxford ▁University ▁Press ▁ ▁Broad cast s ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' A da ▁Lov el ace ' ▁ 6 ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' V ital ism ' ▁ 2 8 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' B acon ian ▁Science ' ▁ 2 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' Cal cul us ' ▁ 2 4 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' W omen ▁and ▁En light en ment ▁Science ' ▁ 4 ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' R ober t ▁Ho oke ' ▁ 1 8 ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁The ▁Forum ▁' Mar ie ▁Cur ie ▁- ▁A ▁P ione ering ▁Life ' ▁ 1 9 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁In ▁Our ▁Time ▁' R os al ind ▁Franklin ' ▁ 2 2 ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁Science ▁Stories ▁' Mad ame ▁Lav ois ier ' s ▁Trans lation ▁of ▁O xygen ' ▁ 2 1 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Ac adem ics ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Cambridge ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of |
▁Oxford ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁Imperial ▁College ▁London ▁Category : Hist or ians ▁of ▁science ▁Category : B rit ish ▁histor ians ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) <0x0A> </s> ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Apart ments ▁Historic ▁District , ▁Little ▁Rock , ▁Arkansas , ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Commercial ▁Historic ▁District ▁( L ittle ▁Rock , ▁Arkansas ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Res idential ▁Historic ▁District ▁( L ittle ▁Rock , ▁Arkansas ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁and ▁Washington ▁Stre ets ▁Historic ▁District , ▁Nor walk , ▁Connecticut ▁South ▁Main - South ▁Lee ▁Stre ets ▁Historic ▁District , ▁Fitz ger ald , ▁Georgia ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( States bor o , ▁Georgia ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Res idential ▁Historic ▁District ▁( States bor o , ▁Georgia ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( W at kins ville , ▁Georgia ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁and ▁South ▁El m ▁Stre ets ▁Historic ▁District , ▁Hend erson , ▁Kentucky , ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( Vers a illes , ▁Kentucky ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( W al ton , ▁Kentucky ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register |
▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Historic ▁District ▁( G ren ada , ▁Mississippi ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( F ay ette , ▁Missouri ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( J op lin , ▁Missouri ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( K ern ers ville , ▁North ▁Carolina ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( Gen eva , ▁New ▁York ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( Mount ▁Morris , ▁New ▁York ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁District ▁( M idd let own , ▁Ohio ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁District ▁( Pol and , ▁Ohio ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Commercial ▁Historic ▁District ▁( P end leton , ▁Oregon ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( C ov entry , ▁Rh ode ▁Island ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( W oons ocket , ▁Rh ode ▁Island ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Historic ▁District ▁( B ishop ville , ▁South ▁Carolina ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( C oving ton , ▁Tennessee ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( P ike ville , ▁Tennessee ) ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District |
▁( F ort ▁W orth , ▁Texas ) ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( F ond ▁du ▁Lac , ▁Wisconsin ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( J anes ville , ▁Wisconsin ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( O regon , ▁Wisconsin ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Commercial ▁Historic ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁South ▁Main ▁Street ▁Res idential ▁Historic ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁North ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁East ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁West ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁( dis ambigu ation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Serge i ▁Mak ar ov ▁( born ▁June ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 1 9 6 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Russian ▁former ▁professional ▁ice ▁hockey ▁defence man . ▁ ▁Mak ar ov ▁played ▁eight ▁seasons ▁playing ▁with ▁K ry ly a ▁Sov et ov ▁Moscow ▁in ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Championship ▁League . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : R ussian ▁ice ▁hockey ▁defence men ▁Category : Det roit ▁Fal cons ▁( Co HL ) ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁No ▁Average ▁Angel ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁studio ▁album |
▁by ▁American ▁singer ▁T iff any ▁Gi ard ina . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁through ▁ 7 8 5 ▁Records ▁and ▁sold ▁ 2 , 4 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁its ▁first ▁week . ▁The ▁singles , ▁" H ur ry ▁Up ▁and ▁Save ▁Me " ▁and ▁" No ▁Average ▁Angel " ▁were ▁also ▁included ▁on ▁the ▁Another ▁C inder ella ▁Story ▁sound track . ▁ ▁Com position ▁ ▁Rec ording ▁sessions ▁began ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁When ▁asked ▁about ▁her ▁album , ▁Gi ard ina ▁responded ▁" It ’ s ▁basically ▁just ▁about ▁being ▁yourself ▁and ▁not ▁being ▁afraid ▁to ▁be ▁who ▁you ▁are ." ▁In ▁an ▁interview ▁with ▁" Art ist ▁Direct ", ▁she ▁talked ▁about ▁the ▁songs ▁on ▁the ▁album , ▁saying ▁" Every ▁song ▁has ▁a ▁different ▁story , ▁experience ▁and ▁v ibe ▁to ▁it . ▁I ' m ▁so ▁excited ▁for ▁this ▁album ▁to ▁come ▁out . ▁I ▁really ▁got ▁involved ▁in ▁every ▁aspect , ▁from ▁the ▁writing ▁to ▁the ▁artwork . ▁It ' s ▁very ▁personal ▁for ▁me , ▁and ▁I ▁couldn ' t ▁be ▁happ ier ▁with ▁it ." ▁She ▁stated ▁that ▁her ▁role - model ▁is ▁Aud rey ▁H ep burn . ▁The ▁closest ▁song ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁for ▁Gi ard ina ▁is ▁" F alling ▁Down ", ▁stating ▁" The ▁song ' s ▁about ▁per se ver ing . ▁If ▁you ' re ▁having ▁a ▁bad ▁day , ▁keep ▁moving |
▁forward . ▁If ▁you ' re ▁falling ▁down , ▁pick ▁yourself ▁back ▁up ▁and ▁move ▁on ." ▁When ▁asked ▁why ▁she ▁chose ▁to ▁cover ▁" E ternal ▁Fl ame " ▁she ▁said ▁" It ' s ▁one ▁of ▁my ▁favorite ▁songs ! ▁I ▁had ▁to ▁do ▁a ▁cover ▁of ▁it . ▁I ▁totally ▁wanted ▁to ▁sing ▁it ▁on ▁the ▁record . ▁The ▁president ▁of ▁my ▁label ▁is ▁really ▁into ▁rock ▁music , ▁and ▁that ' s ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁favorite ▁songs ▁too . ▁That ▁was ▁everyone ' s ▁choice ▁for ▁a ▁cover ." ▁She ▁also ▁stated ▁that ▁she ▁gets ▁excited ▁when ▁she ▁he ars ▁her ▁songs ▁on ▁the ▁radio ▁by ▁saying ▁" The ▁first ▁time ▁I ▁heard ▁' No ▁Average ▁Angel ' ▁on ▁the ▁radio ▁I ▁freak ed ▁out . ▁I ▁was ▁driving ▁around ▁bl asting ▁it , ▁It ' s ▁about ▁being ▁yourself , ▁not ▁being ▁afraid ▁to ▁be ▁different . ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁reception ▁▁ ▁" No ▁Average ▁Angel " ▁gained ▁mixed ▁reviews . ▁Amy ▁Sci ar ret to , ▁from ▁Artist ▁Direct , ▁gave ▁the ▁album ▁ 3 ▁out ▁of ▁ 5 ▁stars ▁and ▁wrote ▁" On ▁her ▁debut ▁album , ▁the ▁ 1 5 - year - old , ▁New ▁York ▁City - re ared ▁song st ress ▁ex udes ▁bucket ful s ▁of ▁s ass , ▁toss ing ▁her ▁long , ▁cur ly ▁tend r ils ▁and ▁singing ▁in ▁a ▁high ▁pitch ▁that ▁will ▁magnet ically ▁attract ▁rebell ious ▁t ween ers ▁to ▁her ▁music ." ▁and ▁" |
G i ard ina ▁will ▁certainly ▁appeal ▁to ▁the ▁pre - teen ▁set ▁in ▁a ▁way ▁that ▁Brit ney ▁Spe ars ▁no ▁longer ▁can . ▁No ▁Average ▁Angel ▁is ▁a ▁fl uffy , ▁fro thy ▁collection ▁of ▁bubble g um ▁pop ▁in ▁a ▁day ▁and ▁age ▁where ▁blowing ▁bub bles ▁is ▁still ▁fun !" ▁ ▁F arn az ▁Y ous he i ▁from ▁Camp us ▁Circle ▁gave ▁the ▁album ▁a ▁D - ▁writing ▁" The ▁ 1 6 - year - old , ▁whose ▁music ▁has ▁been ▁featured ▁in ▁ ▁Another ▁C inder ella ▁Story ▁and ▁Disney ' s ▁T ink er ▁Bell , ▁sounds ▁like ▁any ▁other ▁Disney - produ ced ▁teen ▁pop ▁star . ▁It ▁is ▁true ▁that ▁Gi ard ina ▁is ▁not ▁signed ▁to ▁the ▁Disney ▁label , ▁however , ▁it ▁is ▁hard ▁not ▁to ▁notice ▁the ▁similar ities ▁between ▁her ▁reson ance ▁and ▁those ▁of ▁Disney ▁produ ctions ▁like ▁M iley ▁Cyr us . ▁No ▁Average ▁Angel ▁is ▁just ▁a ▁regular ▁one ." ▁ ▁Prom otion ▁Gi ard ina ▁performed ▁" No ▁Average ▁Angel " ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁U BS ▁Par ade ▁Spect ac ula ▁in ▁St am ford , ▁Connecticut . ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁Gi ard ina ▁had ▁a ▁release ▁party ▁for ▁her ▁album ▁at ▁F Y E ▁in ▁Port ▁Che ster , ▁New ▁York ▁where ▁she ▁performed ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁songs ▁off ▁the ▁album . ▁A ▁TV ▁commercial ▁a ired ▁on ▁Nick el ode |
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