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{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 54, "sc": 135, "ep": 54, "ec": 699} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 54 | 135 | 54 | 699 | The Matrix | Film and television | Welcome to Paradox Episode 4 "News from D Street" from a 1986 short story of the same name by Andrew Weiner which aired on September 7, 1998 on the SYFY Channel and has a remarkably similar concept. In this episode the hero is unaware he is living in virtual reality until he is told so by "the code man" who created the simulation and enters it knowingly. The Wachowskis have described Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey as a formative cinematic influence, and as a major inspiration on the visual style they aimed for when making The Matrix. Reviewers have |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 54, "sc": 699, "ep": 54, "ec": 1278} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 54 | 699 | 54 | 1,278 | The Matrix | Film and television | also commented on similarities between The Matrix and other late-1990s films such as Strange Days, Dark City, and The Truman Show. The similarity of the film's central concept to a device in the long-running series Doctor Who has also been noted. As in the film, the Matrix of that series (introduced in the 1976 serial The Deadly Assassin) is a massive computer system which one enters using a device connecting to the head, allowing users to see representations of the real world and change its laws of physics; but if killed there, they will die in reality. The action scenes |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 54, "sc": 1278, "ep": 54, "ec": 1911} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 54 | 1,278 | 54 | 1,911 | The Matrix | Film and television | of The Matrix were also strongly influenced by live-action films such as those of director John Woo. The martial arts sequences were inspired by Fist of Legend, a critically acclaimed 1995 martial arts film starring Jet Li. The fight scenes in Fist of Legend led to the hiring of Yuen as fight choreographer.
The Wachowskis' approach to action scenes drew upon their admiration for Japanese animation such as Ninja Scroll and Akira. Director Mamoru Oshii's 1995 animated film Ghost in the Shell was a particularly strong influence; producer Joel Silver has stated that the Wachowskis first described their intentions for The |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 54, "sc": 1911, "ep": 54, "ec": 2496} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 54 | 1,911 | 54 | 2,496 | The Matrix | Film and television | Matrix by showing him that anime and saying, "We wanna do that for real". Mitsuhisa Ishikawa of Production I.G, which produced Ghost in the Shell, noted that the anime's high-quality visuals were a strong source of inspiration for the Wachowskis. He also commented, "... cyberpunk films are very difficult to describe to a third person. I'd imagine that The Matrix is the kind of film that was very difficult to draw up a written proposal for to take to film studios". He stated that since Ghost in the Shell had gained recognition in America, the Wachowskis used it as a "promotional |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 54, "sc": 2496, "ep": 58, "ec": 649} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 54 | 2,496 | 58 | 649 | The Matrix | Film and television & Literary works | tool". Literary works In The Matrix, a copy of Jean Baudrillard's philosophical work Simulacra and Simulation, which was published in French in 1981, is visible on-screen as "the book used to conceal disks", and Morpheus quotes the phrase "desert of the real" from it. "The book was required reading for" the actors prior to filming. However, Baudrillard himself said that The Matrix misunderstands and distorts his work. Some interpretors of The Matrix mention Baudrillard's philosophy to support their claim "that the [film] is an allegory for contemporary experience in a heavily commercialized, media-driven society, especially in developed countries". "The influence |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 58, "sc": 649, "ep": 58, "ec": 1308} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 58 | 649 | 58 | 1,308 | The Matrix | Literary works | of [Baudrillard] was brought to the public's attention through the writings of art historians such as Griselda Pollock and film theorists such as Heinz-Peter Schwerfel". In addition to Baudrillard, the Wachowskis' were also significantly influenced by Kevin Kelly's Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems, and the Economic World, and Dylan Evans’s ideas on evolutionary psychology. The film makes several references to Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Comparisons have also been made to Grant Morrison's comic series The Invisibles, with Morrison describing it in 2011 as "(it) seemed to me (to be) my own combination of |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 58, "sc": 1308, "ep": 58, "ec": 1894} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 58 | 1,308 | 58 | 1,894 | The Matrix | Literary works | ideas enacted on the screen". Comparisons have also been made between The Matrix and the books of Carlos Castaneda.
The Matrix belongs to the cyberpunk genre of science fiction, and draws from earlier works in the genre such as the 1984 novel Neuromancer by William Gibson. For example, the film's use of the term "Matrix" is adopted from Gibson's novel, though L. P. Davies had already used the term "Matrix" fifteen years earlier for a similar concept in his 1969 novel The White Room ("It had been tried in the States some years earlier, but their 'matrix' as they called it |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 58, "sc": 1894, "ep": 58, "ec": 2533} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 58 | 1,894 | 58 | 2,533 | The Matrix | Literary works | hadn't been strong enough to hold the fictional character in place"). After watching The Matrix, Gibson commented that the way that the film's creators had drawn from existing cyberpunk works was "exactly the kind of creative cultural osmosis" he had relied upon in his own writing; however, he noted that the film's Gnostic themes distinguished it from Neuromancer, and believed that The Matrix was thematically closer to the work of science fiction author Philip K. Dick, particularly Dick's speculative Exegesis. Other writers have also commented on the similarities between The Matrix and Dick's work; one example of such influence is |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 58, "sc": 2533, "ep": 62, "ec": 365} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 58 | 2,533 | 62 | 365 | The Matrix | Literary works & Philosophy | a Philip K. Dick's 1977 conference, in which he stated: "We are living in a computer-programmed reality, and the only clue we have to it is when some variable is changed, and some alteration in our reality occurs". Philosophy It has been suggested by philosopher William Irwin that the idea of the "Matrix" – a generated reality invented by malicious machines – is an allusion to Descartes' "First Meditation", and his idea of an evil demon. The Meditation hypothesizes that the perceived world might be a comprehensive illusion created to deceive us. The same premise can be found in Hilary |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 62, "sc": 365, "ep": 62, "ec": 954} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 62 | 365 | 62 | 954 | The Matrix | Philosophy | Putnam's brain in a vat scenario proposed in the 1980s. A connection between the premise of The Matrix and Plato's Allegory of the Cave has also been suggested. The allegory is related to Plato's theory of Forms, which holds that the true essence of an object is not what we perceive with our senses, but rather its quality, and that most people perceive only the shadow of the object and are thus limited to false perception.
The philosophy of Immanuel Kant has also been claimed as another influence on the film, and in particular how individuals within the Matrix interact with |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 62, "sc": 954, "ep": 62, "ec": 1531} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 62 | 954 | 62 | 1,531 | The Matrix | Philosophy | one another and with the system. Kant states in his Critique of Pure Reason that people come to know and explore our world through synthetic means (language, etc.), and thus this makes it rather difficult to discern truth from falsely perceived views. This means people are their own agents of deceit, and so in order for them to know truth, they must choose to openly pursue truth. This idea can be examined in Agent Smith's monolog about the first version of the Matrix, which was designed as a human utopia, a perfect world without suffering and with total happiness. Agent |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 62, "sc": 1531, "ep": 62, "ec": 2106} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 62 | 1,531 | 62 | 2,106 | The Matrix | Philosophy | Smith explains that, "it was a disaster. No one accepted the program. Entire crops [of people] were lost." The machines had to amend their choice of programming in order to make people subservient to them, and so they conceived the Matrix in the image of the world in 1999. The world in 1999 was far from a utopia, but still humans accepted this over the suffering-less utopia. According to William Irwin this is Kantian, because the machines wished to impose a perfect world on humans in an attempt to keep people content, so that they would remain completely submissive to |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 62, "sc": 2106, "ep": 66, "ec": 511} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 62 | 2,106 | 66 | 511 | The Matrix | Philosophy & Religion and mythology | the machines, both consciously and subconsciously, but humans were not easy to make content. Religion and mythology Andrew Godoski sees allusions to Christ, including Neo's "virgin birth", his doubt in himself, the prophecy of his coming, along with many other Christian references. Amongst these possible allusions, it is suggested that the name of the character Trinity refers to Christianity's doctrine of the Trinity. It has also been noted that the character Morpheus paraphrases the Chinese taoist philosopher Zhuangzi when he asks Neo, "Have you ever had a dream, Neo, that you were so sure was real? What if you weren't |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 66, "sc": 511, "ep": 70, "ec": 454} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 66 | 511 | 70 | 454 | The Matrix | Religion and mythology & Trans themes | able to wake from that dream? How would you know the difference from the real world and the dream world?" Trans themes After the release of The Matrix, both the Wachowskis came out as transgender women, and some have seen trans themes in the film. The red pill has been compared with red estrogen pills. Morpheus's description of the Matrix giving you a sense that something is fundamentally wrong, "like a splinter in your mind", has been compared to gender dysphoria. Also, in the original script, Switch was one gender in the Matrix and another gender in the real world, |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 70, "sc": 454, "ep": 74, "ec": 333} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 70 | 454 | 74 | 333 | The Matrix | Trans themes & Legacy | but this idea was ultimately dropped. In a 2016 GLAAD Media Awards speech, Lilly Wachowski said "There’s a critical eye being cast back on Lana and I’s work through the lens of our transness. This is a cool thing because it’s an excellent reminder that art is never static." Legacy The Matrix had a strong effect on action filmmaking in Hollywood. The film's incorporation of wire fu techniques, including the involvement of fight choreographer Yuen Woo-ping and other personnel with a background in Hong Kong action cinema, affected the approaches to fight scenes taken by subsequent Hollywood action films, moving |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 333, "ep": 74, "ec": 1012} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 333 | 74 | 1,012 | The Matrix | Legacy | them towards more Eastern approaches. The success of The Matrix created high demand for those choreographers and their techniques from other filmmakers, who wanted fights of similar sophistication: for example, wire work was employed in X-Men (2000) and Charlie's Angels (2000), and Yuen Woo-ping's brother Yuen Cheung-Yan was choreographer on Daredevil (2003). The Matrix's Asian approach to action scenes also created an audience for Asian action films such as Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) that they might not otherwise have had.
Following The Matrix, films made abundant use of slow-motion, spinning cameras, and, often, the bullet time effect of a character |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 1012, "ep": 74, "ec": 1615} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 1,012 | 74 | 1,615 | The Matrix | Legacy | freezing or slowing down and the camera dollying around them. The ability to slow down time enough to distinguish the motion of bullets was used as a central gameplay mechanic of several video games, including Max Payne, in which the feature was explicitly referred to as "bullet time". It was also the main gimmick of the game Superhot and its sequels. The Matrix's signature special effect, and other aspects of the film, have been parodied numerous times, in comedy films such as Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo (1999), Scary Movie (2000), Shrek (2001), Kung Pow! Enter the Fist (2002), Lastikman (2003); |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 1615, "ep": 74, "ec": 2250} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 1,615 | 74 | 2,250 | The Matrix | Legacy | Marx Reloaded in which the relationship between Neo and Morpheus is represented as an imaginary encounter between Karl Marx and Leon Trotsky; and in video games such as Conker's Bad Fur Day. It also inspired films featuring a black-clad hero, a sexy yet deadly heroine, and bullets ripping slowly through the air; these included Charlie's Angels (2000) featuring Cameron Diaz floating through the air while the cameras flo-mo around her; Equilibrium (2002), starring Christian Bale, whose character wore long black leather coats like Reeves' Neo; Night Watch (2004), a Russian megahit heavily influenced by The Matrix and directed by |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 2250, "ep": 74, "ec": 2870} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 2,250 | 74 | 2,870 | The Matrix | Legacy | Timur Bekmambetov, who later made Wanted (2008), which also features bullets ripping through air; and Inception (2010), which centers on a team of sharply dressed rogues who enter a wildly malleable alternate reality by "wiring in". The original Tron (1982) paved the way for The Matrix, and The Matrix, in turn, inspired Disney to make its own Matrix with a Tron sequel, Tron: Legacy (2010). Also, the film's lobby shootout sequence was recreated in the 2002 Indian action comedy Awara Paagal Deewana.
Carrie-Anne Moss asserted that prior to being cast in The Matrix, she had "no career". It launched Moss into |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 2870, "ep": 74, "ec": 3499} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 2,870 | 74 | 3,499 | The Matrix | Legacy | international recognition and transformed her career; in a New York Daily News interview, she stated, "The Matrix gave me so many opportunities. Everything I've done since then has been because of that experience. It gave me so much". The film also created one of the most devoted movie fan-followings since Star Wars. The combined success of the Matrix trilogy, the Lord of the Rings films and the Star Wars prequels made Hollywood interested in creating trilogies. Stephen Dowling from the BBC noted that The Matrix's success in taking complex philosophical ideas and presenting them in ways palatable for impressionable minds |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 3499, "ep": 74, "ec": 4088} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 3,499 | 74 | 4,088 | The Matrix | Legacy | might be its most influential aspect.
In 2001, The Matrix placed 66th in the American Film Institute's "100 Years...100 Thrills" list. In 2007, Entertainment Weekly called The Matrix the best science-fiction piece of media for the past 25 years. In 2009, the film was ranked 39th on Empire's reader-, actor- and critic-voted list of "The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time". The Matrix was voted as the fourth best sci-fi film in the 2011 list Best in Film: The Greatest Movies of Our Time, based on a poll conducted by ABC and People. In 2012, the film was selected for preservation |
{"datasets_id": 161932, "wiki_id": "Q83495", "sp": 74, "sc": 4088, "ep": 74, "ec": 4214} | 161,932 | Q83495 | 74 | 4,088 | 74 | 4,214 | The Matrix | Legacy | in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being "culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant." |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 65} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 65 | The Squire's Tale | Plot | The Squire's Tale "The Squire's Tale" is a tale in Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. It is unfinished, perhaps deliberately, and comes first in group F, followed by the Franklin's interruption, prologue and tale. The Squire is the Knight's son, a novice warrior and lover with more enthusiasm than experience. His tale is an epic romance, which, if completed, would probably have been longer than rest of the Tales combined. It contains many literary allusions and a great deal of vivid description.
The original source of the tale remains unknown. Plot Genghis Khan ("Cambyuskan" in Chaucer's version) leads the Mongol |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 8, "sc": 65, "ep": 8, "ec": 637} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 8 | 65 | 8 | 637 | The Squire's Tale | Plot | Empire with two sons, Algarsyf and Cambalo, and a daughter, Canace. At the twentieth anniversary of his reign, he holds a feast, and a strange knight from India approaches him bearing gifts, a motif common in Arthurian legends. These are a brass horse with the power of teleportation, a mirror which can reveal the minds of the king's friends and enemies, a ring which confers understanding of the language of birds (as some legends say King Solomon owned), and a sword which deals deadly wounds that only its touch can heal again (both the spear of Achilles and the Holy |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 8, "sc": 637, "ep": 8, "ec": 1204} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 8 | 637 | 8 | 1,204 | The Squire's Tale | Plot | Lance have these powers). After much learned talk of the gifts, digressing into astrology, the first part of the tale ends.
A subplot of the tale deals with Canace and her ring. Eagerly rising the next morning, she goes on a walk and discovers a grieving falcon. The falcon tells Canace that she has been abandoned by her false lover, a tercelet (male hawk), who left her for a kite. (In medieval falconry, kites were birds of low status.) Canace heals the bird and builds a mew for it, painted blue for true faith within and green for falsity, with pictures |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 8, "sc": 1204, "ep": 8, "ec": 1803} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 8 | 1,204 | 8 | 1,803 | The Squire's Tale | Plot | of deceitful birds, outside. (This image is based on flower painted walls of the garden of the Romance of the Rose.)
The second part ends with a promise of more to come involving Genghis Khan's sons and the quest of Cambalo to win Canace as his wife. (The prologue hints that Canace and her brothers commit incest, as in John Gower's version of the story.) However, it is extremely unlikely that Chaucer ever intended to finish the tale. Instead the Franklin breaks into the very beginning of the third section with elaborate praise of the Squire's gentility—the Franklin being something of |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 8, "sc": 1803, "ep": 12, "ec": 579} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 8 | 1,803 | 12 | 579 | The Squire's Tale | Plot & Criticism and continuations | a social climber—and proceeds to his own tale. Criticism and continuations Early critics were very admiring of the Squire's tale, and John Milton, for instance, was convinced that Chaucer had intended to conclude it. Many authors of the Elizabethan period, including Edmund Spenser, used characters from the tale in their own works, and some, like John Lane, even wrote complete continuations of it.
In general, modern critics have not paid it much attention, and consider it Chaucer's way of poking gentle fun at the young Squire's love of romance literature, which frequently contains somewhat pretentious digressions, and his lack of narrative |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 12, "sc": 579, "ep": 12, "ec": 1167} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 12 | 579 | 12 | 1,167 | The Squire's Tale | Criticism and continuations | self-control. Compared to the tale told by his father, the Knight, which is formal, serious, and complete, the rambling and fantastical story shows the Squire's inexperience. Some critics see the gifts as symbolic of the powers of poetry, which the Squire is still learning to use.
There is no clear source for the story; it is instead a collection of ideas and themes from many romances, as befits the Squire, a lover of such literature. The extravagant details on Eastern kingdoms come from the travel literature of the time, such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpini, Simon of St |
{"datasets_id": 161933, "wiki_id": "Q3795408", "sp": 12, "sc": 1167, "ep": 12, "ec": 1309} | 161,933 | Q3795408 | 12 | 1,167 | 12 | 1,309 | The Squire's Tale | Criticism and continuations | Quentin and John Mandeville. The episode of the falcon and the tercelet is similar to part of Anelida and Arcite, an early work of Chaucer's. |
{"datasets_id": 161934, "wiki_id": "Q7770446", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 192} | 161,934 | Q7770446 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 192 | The Troubles in Jonesborough | The Troubles in Jonesborough The Troubles in Jonesborough recounts incidents during, and the effects of the Troubles in Jonesborough, County Armagh, Northern Ireland.
Incidents in Jonesborough during the Troubles: |
|
{"datasets_id": 161935, "wiki_id": "Q7775056", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 41} | 161,935 | Q7775056 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 41 | The Wind Done Gone | Plot summary & Similarity to characters in Gone with the Wind | The Wind Done Gone Plot summary Gone with the Wind revolves around Scarlett O'Hara, a pampered Southern woman, who lives through the American Civil War and Reconstruction. The Wind Done Gone is the same story, but told from the viewpoint of Cynara, a mulatto slave on Scarlett's plantation and the daughter of Scarlett's father and Mammy.
Sold from the O'Haras, Cynara eventually makes her way back to Atlanta and becomes the mistress of a white businessman. She later leaves him for a black aspiring politician, eventually moving with him to Reconstruction Washington, D.C. Similarity to characters in Gone with the |
{"datasets_id": 161935, "wiki_id": "Q7775056", "sp": 8, "sc": 41, "ep": 14, "ec": 97} | 161,935 | Q7775056 | 8 | 41 | 14 | 97 | The Wind Done Gone | Similarity to characters in Gone with the Wind & Legal controversy | Wind The book consciously avoids using the names of Mitchell's characters or locations. Cynara refers to her sister as "Other", rather than Scarlett, and to Other's husband as "R" (and later, "Debt Chauffeur") instead of Rhett Butler. Other is in love with "Dreamy Gentleman" (Ashley Wilkes), although he is married to "Mealy Mouth" (Melanie Wilkes). The magnificence of the O'Haras' house, Tara, is reduced to "Tata" or "Cotton Farm", and Twelve Oaks is renamed for its builders, "Twelve Slaves Strong as Trees". Legal controversy The estate of Margaret Mitchell sued Randall and her publishing company, Houghton Mifflin, on the |
{"datasets_id": 161935, "wiki_id": "Q7775056", "sp": 14, "sc": 97, "ep": 14, "ec": 739} | 161,935 | Q7775056 | 14 | 97 | 14 | 739 | The Wind Done Gone | Legal controversy | grounds that The Wind Done Gone was too similar to Gone with the Wind, thus infringing its copyright. The case attracted numerous comments from leading scholars, authors, and activists, regarding what Mitchell's attitudes would have been and how much The Wind Done Gone copies from its predecessor. After the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit vacated an injunction against publishing the book in Suntrust v. Houghton Mifflin (2001), the case was settled in 2002 when Houghton Mifflin agreed to make an unspecified donation to Morehouse College in exchange for Mitchell's estate dropping the litigation.
The cover of the |
{"datasets_id": 161935, "wiki_id": "Q7775056", "sp": 14, "sc": 739, "ep": 14, "ec": 953} | 161,935 | Q7775056 | 14 | 739 | 14 | 953 | The Wind Done Gone | Legal controversy | book bears a seal identifying it as "The Unauthorized Parody." It is parody in the broad legal sense: a work that comments on or criticizes a prior work. This characterization was important in the Suntrust case. |
{"datasets_id": 161936, "wiki_id": "Q7785378", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 516} | 161,936 | Q7785378 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 516 | Thirunakkara Sree Mahadevar Temple, Kottayam | Brahmarakshas | Thirunakkara Sree Mahadevar Temple, Kottayam Brahmarakshas There is an interesting story behind the Brahma Rakshas. One person called Moose was a great friend of the king. The king was not known for his beauty but his friend Moose was very handsome. The queen fell in love with this friend knowing which the king ordered his servants to kill Moose. Instead of killing him, the King’s servants killed the junior priest of the temple (keezh santhi). The wife of the priest became a Brahma Rakshas and started seeking revenge. So the king built a temple for her. For a long time |
{"datasets_id": 161936, "wiki_id": "Q7785378", "sp": 6, "sc": 516, "ep": 10, "ec": 506} | 161,936 | Q7785378 | 6 | 516 | 10 | 506 | Thirunakkara Sree Mahadevar Temple, Kottayam | Brahmarakshas & Temple structure | afterwards, women do not prefer to enter this temple. Temple structure The temple situated in the heart of Kottayam city is built in the traditional architectural styles of Kerala. The first entrance to the temple includes a small temple for lord Ganapathi which was built recently. After crossing the entrance, we could see the big ground leading to the holy steps of the temple. There is a banyan tree on steps which is considered sacred by the devotees. The Aanakottil and Kodimaram is placed close to the eastern entrance. The Kodimaram built in 1960 is only 42 feet long. |
{"datasets_id": 161936, "wiki_id": "Q7785378", "sp": 10, "sc": 506, "ep": 10, "ec": 1115} | 161,936 | Q7785378 | 10 | 506 | 10 | 1,115 | Thirunakkara Sree Mahadevar Temple, Kottayam | Temple structure | To the side of Kodimaram lies the Balikkalpuras. Like that in Guruvayoor temple, one could clearly see the idol of chief deity from the main entrance itself.
The whole temple complex occupies about 4 acres (1.6 ha) of land which is rich in many trees and plants. One of the largest Koothambalams in Kerala is in this temple situated in the southeast corner. The temple has shrines for various sub deities in different locations. The southeast entrance constitutes of the shrines of lord Ayyappa and Ganesha. Naga pratishtas are also close to these shrines. In the northwest section, there is a Chethi |
{"datasets_id": 161936, "wiki_id": "Q7785378", "sp": 10, "sc": 1115, "ep": 14, "ec": 302} | 161,936 | Q7785378 | 10 | 1,115 | 14 | 302 | Thirunakkara Sree Mahadevar Temple, Kottayam | Temple structure & Sreekovil | (Jungle flame) flower, commonly seen in many Hindu shrines across Kerala. The eastern section includes the shrines of lord Subhramaniya and Durga and the northeast section has the installation of Brahmarakshas which is according to the myths the soul of a priest assassinated inside the temple. Sreekovil The two storeyed square shaped sreekovil of temple is very attractive and it is adorned by a golden Finial. The sreekovil includes three separate rooms, one in the west is Garbhagriha which has the Shiva linga idol installed. An idol of Parvathi devi made up of Panchaloha is also installed next to it. |
{"datasets_id": 161936, "wiki_id": "Q7785378", "sp": 14, "sc": 302, "ep": 14, "ec": 533} | 161,936 | Q7785378 | 14 | 302 | 14 | 533 | Thirunakkara Sree Mahadevar Temple, Kottayam | Sreekovil | This complex has a number of murals depicting the stories of Shiva and Dashavathara. A complete rotation of the temple is not allowed because it is a Shiva shrine. It is said that Lord Shiva resides in his most peaceful form here. |
{"datasets_id": 161937, "wiki_id": "Q7797210", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 615} | 161,937 | Q7797210 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 615 | Threave Gardens | Threave Gardens Threave Garden and Estate is a series of gardens owned and managed by the National Trust for Scotland, located near Castle Douglas in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire in Dumfries and Galloway region of Scotland.
Covering 64 acres (26 ha), the gardens are part of the 1,500 acres (607 ha) Threave Estate originally developed by William Gordon who bought the estate in 1867. The garden is home to the Practical School of Horticulture.
The gardens include a working walled garden, a rock garden, several ponds and water features. There is also a visitor centre and plant centre. The wider |
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{"datasets_id": 161937, "wiki_id": "Q7797210", "sp": 4, "sc": 615, "ep": 4, "ec": 1055} | 161,937 | Q7797210 | 4 | 615 | 4 | 1,055 | Threave Gardens | estate is managed as a nature reserve and is home to bats and ospreys, and includes part of the Loch Ken and River Dee Marshes Special Protection Area. Threave Castle is located on an island in the River Dee, at the north-west side of the estate.
The garden is listed in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland, the national listing of significant gardens, which is maintained by Historic Environment Scotland. |
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{"datasets_id": 161938, "wiki_id": "Q7803542", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 411} | 161,938 | Q7803542 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 411 | Tim Ginever | Early life & Football | Tim Ginever Early life Tim Ginever is the seventh of 10 children and says that Australian Football helped his English father and South American mother transition into Australian life. Football Ginever made his SANFL debut as a 17-year-old rover in 1983. If you were to undertake a detailed objective assessment of Tim Ginever's football ability - marking, kicking, pace, ball skills and so forth - you might conceivably end up wondering how they could possibly be combined to produce a player of league standard. Tim Ginever, however, was much more than just an average league player; he was arguably one |
{"datasets_id": 161938, "wiki_id": "Q7803542", "sp": 10, "sc": 411, "ep": 10, "ec": 1073} | 161,938 | Q7803542 | 10 | 411 | 10 | 1,073 | Tim Ginever | Football | of the most important SANFL footballers of the 1980s and 1990s, and provided conclusively persuasive evidence that success in football is at least as much attributable to mental as to physical capabilities.
When Tim Ginever entered the playing arena he became so consumed by white line fever as to metamorphose, almost literally, into a completely different person from the happy-go-lucky larrikin who confronted the TV cameras during post-match interviews. Tough, intense, courageous and dynamic, he was the heartbeat of a Port Adelaide side that won no fewer than seven SANFL premierships between 1988 and 1996. For the flags of 1994-1995-1996 Ginever |
{"datasets_id": 161938, "wiki_id": "Q7803542", "sp": 10, "sc": 1073, "ep": 14, "ec": 74} | 161,938 | Q7803542 | 10 | 1,073 | 14 | 74 | Tim Ginever | Football & Coaching | led from the front as team captain, and the longer his 314-game league career went on, the better he played.
In 1994 he was appointed captain of Port Adelaide, and captained his club from 1994 to 1997, after which he retired. Ginever got better with age and as captain, winning his club's best and fairest award in 1994 and 1997 (his final year). His SANFL club made the Grand Final in all four of Ginever's captaincy years and they won the premiership on three of these occasions. Coaching Ginever was appointed assistant coach of the Port Adelaide Magpies in 2005 |
{"datasets_id": 161938, "wiki_id": "Q7803542", "sp": 14, "sc": 74, "ep": 14, "ec": 632} | 161,938 | Q7803542 | 14 | 74 | 14 | 632 | Tim Ginever | Coaching | under the legendary John Cahill, who was brought back as coach for one year while Ginever served his apprenticeship. Ginever then took over as coach in 2006 for four seasons but was not able to reproduce the same success he had as a player. On 14 August 2009, Ginever announced his retirement from coaching at the end of the 2009 SANFL minor round. In a statement issued by the Port Adelaide Magpies Football Club, it says the decision was a mutual one between Ginever and the Club's Board. Ginever himself was quoted "I only gave up Coaching due to popular |
{"datasets_id": 161938, "wiki_id": "Q7803542", "sp": 14, "sc": 632, "ep": 22, "ec": 180} | 161,938 | Q7803542 | 14 | 632 | 22 | 180 | Tim Ginever | Coaching & Role in Port Adelaide reunification & Football commentary | demand" Role in Port Adelaide reunification Tim was actively involved in the OnePAFC campaign designed to garner support for the reunification of the Port Adelaide Football Club and the Port Adelaide Magpies Football Club. As of 2011 the two clubs are a single and administrative legal entity. In 2014 the club's players not named in the AFL would play for the club in the SANFL. Football commentary He is now working for Adelaide radio station 5AA, part of Australian rules football coverage and street reporter for the Breakfast Show in 2011 & 2012. Known for his quick wit and |
{"datasets_id": 161938, "wiki_id": "Q7803542", "sp": 22, "sc": 180, "ep": 26, "ec": 78} | 161,938 | Q7803542 | 22 | 180 | 26 | 78 | Tim Ginever | Football commentary & Honours | larrikin sense of humour off the field, Ginever has also worked as a football commentator for radio station Triple M. He is the current Special Comments man on Ch 7 coverage of the SANFL. Mon to Fri he is the Commercial Sales Manager for PAFC responsible for Sponsorship & Hospitality revenue at the club. Honours In 2015, Ginever was inducted into the South Australian Football Hall of Fame. |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 81} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 81 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | The principals & Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) The principals The regent of Spain, queen Mariana of Austria, second wife of the late King Philip IV, acting in the name of her young son Carlos II, oversaw the negotiation on behalf of Spain. The prince-regent of Portugal, Pedro, future king Peter II of Portugal, in the name of his incapacitated brother, Afonso VI, represented Portugal. The peace was mediated by Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich, an ambassador of Charles II of England. Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War By 1640, the Habsburg king, Philip IV of Spain (Philip III of Portugal), could no |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 10, "sc": 81, "ep": 10, "ec": 730} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 10 | 81 | 10 | 730 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War | longer count on the trust, support, or loyalty of most Portuguese nobles. The country was overtaxed and Portuguese colonies had been left unprotected. Portugal, like many of Philip’s domains, was on the verge of open rebellion.
After sixty years of living under the rule of Spanish kings, a small band of conspirators in Lisbon rebelled and the Duke of Braganza was acclaimed king of Portugal as John IV on 1 December 1640, taking advantage of a simultaneous revolt in Catalonia and Spain’s continuing conflict with France. This began the 28-year-long Portuguese Restoration War.
In the beginning, Portugal lost many of its colonial |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 10, "sc": 730, "ep": 10, "ec": 1383} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 10 | 730 | 10 | 1,383 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War | possessions to the opportunistic Dutch. Portugal's military strength was reserved for protecting its own frontiers against Spanish incursions; however, after 1648, with the end of the Thirty Years' War, these misfortunes began to reverse. Portugal regained its colonies in Angola, São Tomé, and Brazil by 1654.
In 1652, Catalonia’s rebellion against Spain collapsed, and, in 1659, Spain ended its war with France, so there were grounds for Spanish optimism in the struggle to regain control over Portugal. Yet Portugal could draw on the wealth of Brazil and the aid of (first) France and (then) England, while Spain’s finances were perpetually |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 10, "sc": 1383, "ep": 10, "ec": 1968} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 10 | 1,383 | 10 | 1,968 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War | in crisis.
A series of successes by the Portuguese with the help of a British brigade made it clear that the Iberian Peninsula would not be reunited under Spanish rule. The first of these took place on 8 June 1663, when the count of Vila Flor, Sancho Manoel de Vilhena, with Marshal Schomberg by his side, utterly defeated John of Austria the Younger, an illegitimate son of Philip IV, at the Battle of Ameixial, before retaking Évora, which had been captured earlier that year. One year later, on 7 July 1664, Pedro Jacques de Magalhães, a local military leader, defeated the |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 10, "sc": 1968, "ep": 10, "ec": 2565} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 10 | 1,968 | 10 | 2,565 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War | Duke of Osuna at Ciudad Rodrigo in the Salamanca province of Spain. And finally, on 17 June 1665, the marquis of Marialva and Schomberg destroyed a Spanish army under the marquis of Caracena at the Battle of Montes Claros, followed by defeat at Vila Viçosa.
The Spaniards failed to gain any compensating advantage. A year later desperate to reduce its military commitments, at almost any price, Spain accepted the loss of the Crown of Portugal. A treaty was signed between England and Spain at Madrid in 1667. As a result of this England mediated the Treaty of Lisbon which recognized the |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 10, "sc": 2565, "ep": 18, "ec": 350} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 10 | 2,565 | 18 | 350 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Circumstances of the Portuguese Restoration War & Practical consequences & Aftermath | sovereignty of the House of Braganza. Practical consequences The Treaty of Lisbon of 1668 had advantages for both countries. Spain, relieved to be ending a financially ruinous war, was quite pliant in the negotiations. As for Portugal, it was now able to pursue the peaceful possession of its overseas colonies. Aftermath After 1668, Portugal, determined to differentiate itself from Spain, turned to Western Europe, particularly France and England, for new ideas and skills. This was part of a gradual "de-Iberianization", as Portugal consolidated its cultural and political independence from Spain. Portuguese nationalism, aroused by success on the battlefield, produced |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 18, "sc": 350, "ep": 18, "ec": 1035} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 18 | 350 | 18 | 1,035 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Aftermath | hostile reactions to Spain and to Spanish things and persons. By this time, Portuguese society was composed of two basic elements: those who participated in the gradual Europeanization process, the “political nation,” and those who remained largely unchanged, the majority of the people, who remained apolitical and passive.
Portugal’s restoration of independence freed it to pursue the course mapped out by the pioneers of commercial imperialism. During the seventeenth century, its economy depended largely upon entrepôt trade in tobacco and sugar, and the export of salt. During the eighteenth century, even though staples were not abandoned, the Portuguese economy came to |
{"datasets_id": 161939, "wiki_id": "Q1456443", "sp": 18, "sc": 1035, "ep": 18, "ec": 1227} | 161,939 | Q1456443 | 18 | 1,035 | 18 | 1,227 | Treaty of Lisbon (1668) | Aftermath | be based more upon slaves, gold, leather, and wine. Portuguese trade, centered in the busy port of Lisbon, was most influenced by Anglo-Dutch capitalism and by the colonial economy in Brazil. |
{"datasets_id": 161940, "wiki_id": "Q7838674", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 261} | 161,940 | Q7838674 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 261 | Trephionus | Description | Trephionus Description All the species are reddish brown to black in color with shiny surface. Mouthpart appendages and antennae yellowish to reddish brown. Legs light to blackish brown. No hind wings. Eyes less convex. Pronotum moderately convex. Elytra oblong and moderately convex. |
{"datasets_id": 161941, "wiki_id": "Q2020019", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 8, "ec": 167} | 161,941 | Q2020019 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 167 | TsUM (Moscow) | Muir & Mirrielees Co. | TsUM (Moscow) TsUM — Central Universal Department Store (Russian: ЦУМ – Центральный Универсальный Магазин, tr. TsUM – Tsentralʹnyĭ Universalʹnyĭ Magazin) is a high end department stores in Moscow.
The store is in a six-story historical Gothic Revival style building on Petrovka Street at Theatre Square (Teatralnaya Square) in the Tverskoy District of central Moscow. The TsUM interiors have been refurbished many times, most recently in 2007. TsUM is a part of the Mercury Group. Muir & Mirrielees Co. In 1857 merchants Andrew Muir (1817–1899) and Archibald Mirrielees (1797–1877), who had arrived in St. Petersburg separately, founded the “Muir and Mirrielees” Trading |
{"datasets_id": 161941, "wiki_id": "Q2020019", "sp": 8, "sc": 167, "ep": 8, "ec": 812} | 161,941 | Q2020019 | 8 | 167 | 8 | 812 | TsUM (Moscow) | Muir & Mirrielees Co. | Company. Archibald Mirrielees was resident in St. Petersburg from 1822. In 1843 he established his own company, one of the most significant Anglo-Russian merchant houses.
In the 1880s the company transferred from St. Petersburg to Moscow and acquired a building for their haberdashery shop in Theatre Square. Their new building was erected there in 1908 in the Gothic Revival style with some modern elements. The project was designed by the famous Russian architect Roman Klein. “Muir and Mirrielees” was the first and the largest department store in the last days of the Russian Empire (one could buy clothes, shoes, jewelry, perfumery |
{"datasets_id": 161941, "wiki_id": "Q2020019", "sp": 8, "sc": 812, "ep": 8, "ec": 1458} | 161,941 | Q2020019 | 8 | 812 | 8 | 1,458 | TsUM (Moscow) | Muir & Mirrielees Co. | and toys there). The store attracted the highest public interest: “In the eyes of the Muscovites “Muir and Mirrielees” is a kind of exhibition of everything that was on sale in the capital, be it for the rich and the high society, or for the middle-class customers" wrote one of the contemporaries. The store delivered throughout the Russian empire.
The company established a furniture factory and other stores (Торговый дом Хомякова (in Russian), Маросейка (in Russian)). The company was nationalised during the Russian Revolution and the assets confiscated in 1918 by the Bolsheviks, who renamed "Muir & Mirrielees", first to "MosTorg" |
{"datasets_id": 161941, "wiki_id": "Q2020019", "sp": 8, "sc": 1458, "ep": 16, "ec": 153} | 161,941 | Q2020019 | 8 | 1,458 | 16 | 153 | TsUM (Moscow) | Muir & Mirrielees Co. & TsUM branches & Charitable and cultural activity | in 1922 and later to TsUM.
In 2013 the European Capital Investment Fund, owner of the majority of TsUM's shares, forced a buyout from minority shareholders; the company was subsequently delisted from the Moscow Exchange. TsUM branches The TsUM branch in Barvikha Luxury Village opened in April 2008. The TsUM Outlet opened in June 2009 in Mega Teply Stan, and is a discount store carrying the preceding season's collections of TsUM brands. Charitable and cultural activity TsUM has participated in a number of charitable projects: in September 2009 TsUM organized an action to support orphans, in March 2010 a photo-project to |
{"datasets_id": 161941, "wiki_id": "Q2020019", "sp": 16, "sc": 153, "ep": 16, "ec": 606} | 161,941 | Q2020019 | 16 | 153 | 16 | 606 | TsUM (Moscow) | Charitable and cultural activity | support the struggle against cancer was presented.
Exhibitions and art projects are supported by TsUM Art Foundation (specializing in modern art). As a part of the II Moscow Biennale of Contemporary Art in 2007 TsUM presented the “American video-art” project. It was followed by Yoko Ono’s solo exhibition “The Odyssey of Cockroach”, the exhibition of Chinese art “China, forward!”, and Oleg Kulik’s “MOSCOW. TsUM” installation project in 2009. |
{"datasets_id": 161942, "wiki_id": "Q4200953", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 576} | 161,942 | Q4200953 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 576 | Turkey as food | Cultural traditions | Turkey as food Cultural traditions Turkeys are traditionally eaten as the main course of Thanksgiving dinner in the United States and Canada, and at Christmas feasts in much of the rest of the world (often as stuffed turkey).
Turkey meat has been eaten by indigenous peoples from Mexico, Central America, and the southern tier of the United States since antiquity. In the 15th century, Spanish conquistadores took Aztec turkeys back to Europe.
Turkey was eaten as such as early as the 16th century in England. Before the 20th century, pork ribs were the most common food for the North American |
{"datasets_id": 161942, "wiki_id": "Q4200953", "sp": 6, "sc": 576, "ep": 6, "ec": 1202} | 161,942 | Q4200953 | 6 | 576 | 6 | 1,202 | Turkey as food | Cultural traditions | holidays, as the animals were usually slaughtered in November. Turkeys were once so abundant in the wild that they were eaten throughout the year, the food considered commonplace, whereas pork ribs were rarely available outside of the Thanksgiving-New Year season. While the tradition of turkey at Christmas spread throughout Britain in the 17th century, among the working classes, it became common to serve goose, which remained the predominant roast until the Victorian era.
In the UK in 2009, 7,734,000 turkeys were consumed on Christmas Day.
Turkey with mole sauce is regarded as Mexico's "national dish". |
{"datasets_id": 161943, "wiki_id": "Q71580493", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 46} | 161,943 | Q71580493 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 46 | UCI ProSeries | Development & Team participation | UCI ProSeries Development In December 2018, the UCI announced various reforms to the structure and organisation of men's professional road racing. One of the major changes is the introduction of a new division of races called the UCI ProSeries. With the introduction of the ProSeries, the UCI .HC road races will disappear from the calendar. In October 2019, the UCI published the 2020 UCI International Road Calendar, including the ProSeries. The inaugural season of the ProSeries will feature 54 events, which were formerly World Tour, .HC or .1 events. Team participation In events of the ProSeries, UCI WorldTeams may |
{"datasets_id": 161943, "wiki_id": "Q71580493", "sp": 10, "sc": 46, "ep": 14, "ec": 261} | 161,943 | Q71580493 | 10 | 46 | 14 | 261 | UCI ProSeries | Team participation & Events | participate, up to a maximum of 70% in European races and 65% in other races. The rest of the teams participating may be UCI ProTeams, UCI continental teams and National teams. Events The UCI ProSeries consists of 54 events of which 28 are one-day races (1.Pro) and 26 are stage races (2.Pro). There are 47 events in Europe, 5 in Asia and 2 in America. The number of points on offer per event toward the UCI World Ranking is yet to be confirmed. |
{"datasets_id": 161944, "wiki_id": "Q2469902", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 87} | 161,944 | Q2469902 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 87 | USS Lamberton (DD-119) | Service history & World War II | USS Lamberton (DD-119) Service history After shakedown in the Caribbean Sea, Lamberton joined the Atlantic Fleet for maneuvers off the Azores in early 1919. Reassigned to the newly formed Pacific Fleet, the destroyer departed Hampton Roads on 19 July and arrived at San Diego on 7 August.
Based at San Diego, Lamberton operated along the west coast from August 1919 until June 1922. She participated in training maneuvers and performed experiments to develop superior naval tactics. The destroyer decommissioned at San Diego on 30 June 1922. World War II Lamberton recommissioned 15 November 1930, Lieutenant Commander S. N. Moore in command. |
{"datasets_id": 161944, "wiki_id": "Q2469902", "sp": 10, "sc": 87, "ep": 10, "ec": 705} | 161,944 | Q2469902 | 10 | 87 | 10 | 705 | USS Lamberton (DD-119) | World War II | Operating along the west coast, she performed training exercises for nearly two years. She was reclassified AG-21 on 16 April 1932 and converted to a target-towing ship. From 1933 until 1940 she operated out of San Diego towing targets for surface ships, submarines, and aircraft, a role which paid dividends during World War II. She also engaged in experimental minesweeping exercises off the west coast and was reclassified DMS-2 on 19 November 1940. The actor Ernest Borgnine served aboard Lamberton before the war, being discharged in September 1941. He reenlisted in January 1942 and served in the U.S. Navy with |
{"datasets_id": 161944, "wiki_id": "Q2469902", "sp": 10, "sc": 705, "ep": 10, "ec": 1373} | 161,944 | Q2469902 | 10 | 705 | 10 | 1,373 | USS Lamberton (DD-119) | World War II | the Atlantic Fleet.
After arriving at Pearl Harbor on 11 September 1941, Lamberton resumed target towing and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) screening operations in the Hawaiian Islands. On 7 December 1941, she was escorting the cruiser Minneapolis to Oahu when the Japanese struck at Pearl Harbor. Following the attack, she returned to port to sweep the harbor. For the next seven months she remained on offshore patrol in the Hawaiian Islands.
Departing Pearl Harbor on 11 July 1942, Lamberton steamed north, arriving at Kodiak, Alaska seven days later. The high-speed minesweeper performed patrol and escort duty in the frigid North Pacific during the |
{"datasets_id": 161944, "wiki_id": "Q2469902", "sp": 10, "sc": 1373, "ep": 10, "ec": 2014} | 161,944 | Q2469902 | 10 | 1,373 | 10 | 2,014 | USS Lamberton (DD-119) | World War II | Aleutian campaign. In mid-May 1943, she escorted the task group which brought reinforcements for the second landing at Massacre Bay, Attu. Lamberton continued patrol operations until late June when she sailed for Kuluk Bay.
The high-speed minesweeper then steamed to San Diego, arriving there on 23 July. For the rest of the war, she performed target-towing operations off the west coast and out of Pearl Harbor. Lamberton was reclassified AG-21 on 5 June 1945, and, following the Japanese surrender, she operated out of San Diego as an auxiliary.
On 9 October 1945 Lamberton was one of 266 vessels damaged by Typhoon Louise |
{"datasets_id": 161944, "wiki_id": "Q2469902", "sp": 10, "sc": 2014, "ep": 14, "ec": 60} | 161,944 | Q2469902 | 10 | 2,014 | 14 | 60 | USS Lamberton (DD-119) | World War II & Awards | when it struck Okinawa. Of these, 222 were run aground, including Lamberton. She was later refloated and returned to duty. Curiously, her listing in the Naval History and Heritage Command's history of that event still shows her designated as DMS-2.
She was decommissioned at Bremerton, Washington on 13 December 1946 and was sold on 9 May 1947 to National Metal and Steel Corporation, Terminal Island, Los Angeles, California for scrapping. Awards Lamberton received one battle star for World War II service. |
{"datasets_id": 161945, "wiki_id": "Q7889428", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 481} | 161,945 | Q7889428 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 481 | United States Armed Forces School of Music | Establishment of the Navy School of Music | United States Armed Forces School of Music Establishment of the Navy School of Music The U.S. Navy School of Music was founded at the Washington Navy Yard by order of the Chief of the Bureau of Navigation on 26 June 1935. The school was originally run by the U.S. Navy Band, with members of the Navy Band teaching classes and private lessons in addition to their regular performance duties with the band. After the commencement of World War II, these duties were deemed too onerous for the Navy Band personnel and the school was separated from the band and relocated |
{"datasets_id": 161945, "wiki_id": "Q7889428", "sp": 6, "sc": 481, "ep": 10, "ec": 468} | 161,945 | Q7889428 | 6 | 481 | 10 | 468 | United States Armed Forces School of Music | Establishment of the Navy School of Music & Inclusion of other services in training | to the Anacostia Naval Receiving Station in Washington, D.C. on 24 April 1942. Inclusion of other services in training The Marine Corps was given an allocation for 15 students in 1946 and the first Marine Corps students enrolled in 1947. The school was renamed "U.S. Naval School of Music" to reflect the fact that the school now trained not only Navy personnel but all personnel of the naval service.
In 1950 the Army reached an agreement with the Navy to begin training Army musicians at the Naval School of Music. The first class of 150 Army students began training in January |
{"datasets_id": 161945, "wiki_id": "Q7889428", "sp": 10, "sc": 468, "ep": 14, "ec": 552} | 161,945 | Q7889428 | 10 | 468 | 14 | 552 | United States Armed Forces School of Music | Inclusion of other services in training & Move to Little Creek | 1951. Move to Little Creek On 13 April 1961 the United States Secretary of the Navy announced plans for the U.S. Naval School of Music to be relocated to Little Creek Naval Amphibious Base. On 12 August 1964 the doors to the Naval School of Music in Washington, D.C. were closed, and students enlisted in the Navy band would spend 150 days at the academy, fine-tuning their skills to motivate the nation. USS Caddo Parish and USS Monmouth County proceeded to Little Creek, loaded with musical instruments and Army and Navy personnel. Each ship had a band aboard to play honors as |
{"datasets_id": 161945, "wiki_id": "Q7889428", "sp": 14, "sc": 552, "ep": 14, "ec": 1075} | 161,945 | Q7889428 | 14 | 552 | 14 | 1,075 | United States Armed Forces School of Music | Move to Little Creek | it passed George Washington's tomb in Mount Vernon, Virginia. This was the first time an Army band performed honors on a Navy ship for president George Washington. The ships landed at the base on the morning of 13 August 1964. The school was renamed "U.S. Armed Forces School of Music" concurrent with the move. One of the highlights of the move of the School of Music was the dedication ceremony concert, which included Arthur Fiedler, conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra, conducting the School of Music Concert Band. |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 630} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 630 | Utkuhiksalik | Franz Boas | Utkuhiksalik Franz Boas Franz Boas included the Ukusiksalirmiut as a tribe of the "Central Eskimo" in the 1888 Sixth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Smithsonian Institution,
The last tribe of the Central Eskimo, the Ukusiksalirmiut, inhabit the estuary of Back River. They were met by Back and by Anderson and Stewart. Recently Schwatka and his party communicated with them on their visit to King William Land. Klutschak affirms that they are the remains of a strong tribe which formerly inhabited Adelaide Peninsula but was supplanted by the Netchillirmiut and the Ugjulirmiut. Klutschak calls them Ukusiksalik; Gilder, sometimes |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 6, "sc": 630, "ep": 6, "ec": 1218} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 6 | 630 | 6 | 1,218 | Utkuhiksalik | Franz Boas | Ukusiksalik, sometimes Ugjulik. The latter author relates that a single family living on Hayes River (Kugnuaq) had formerly had its station on Adelaide Peninsula, but had retired to this country when the warlike Netchillirmiut began to visit King William Land and Adelaide Peninsula. Schwatka could identify the same man with one of those whom Back had seen in the estuary of the river in 1833 (Gilder, p. 78). Therefore they must have lived in this district a long time before the Netchillirmiut began to move westward. According to Back the party with which he fell in did not know the |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 6, "sc": 1218, "ep": 6, "ec": 1806} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 6 | 1,218 | 6 | 1,806 | Utkuhiksalik | Franz Boas | land beyond the estuary of Back River, which indicates that they were neither from Ugjulik nor Netchillik. As the Ugjulirmiut lived on Adelaide Peninsula when Ross wintered in Boothia, I do not consider it probable that the Ukusiksalirmiut ever lived in that part of the country, and I cannot agree with Klutschak. I may add Parry's remark, that beyond Ukusiksalik (Wager River) another Ukusiksalik (Back River) was known to the natives of Winter Island. The reports on their mode of life are very deficient. They were met by Schwatka a little above the great bend of Hayes River in May, |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 6, "sc": 1806, "ep": 6, "ec": 2361} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 6 | 1,806 | 6 | 2,361 | Utkuhiksalik | Franz Boas | 1879; he also met another party in December at the Dangerous Rapids of Back River. Schwatka counted seven families at the former and nine at the latter place. Their principal food consisted of fish, which are caught in abundance in Back River (Klutschak, p. 164). It is said that they have no fuel during the winter. Undoubtedly they use some kind of fuel, and I rather doubt the implication that they do not hunt seals at all. The musk ox and fish, however, are their main food, according to both Klutschak and Gilder. It is very remarkable that all the |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 6, "sc": 2361, "ep": 6, "ec": 3028} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 6 | 2,361 | 6 | 3,028 | Utkuhiksalik | Franz Boas | natives west of Boothia depend much more on fish than do any other tribes of the Central Eskimo.
— Franz Boas
He considered the Ukusiksalik (Wager River) to be one of "five principal settlements" which included the "Aivillirmiut are Pikiulaq (Depot Island), Nuvung and Ukusiksalik (Wager River), Aivillik (Repulse Bay), Akugdlit (Committee Bay), and Maluksilaq (Lyon Inlet). They may be divided into two groups, the former comprising the southern settlements, the latter the northern ones. Every one of these settlements has certain well known sites, which are frequented at the proper seasons." Their team was not able to make the sledge journeys by |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 6, "sc": 3028, "ep": 10, "ec": 395} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 6 | 3,028 | 10 | 395 | Utkuhiksalik | Franz Boas & Knud Rasmussen | ice from Nuvung to Ukusiksalik in the winter of 1864-1865 because large water holes were formed at "the entrance of the bay." In his appendix Boas included Ukusiksalik, "the place with pot stone" and Ukusiksalirmiut, "inhabitant of Ukusiksalik." Knud Rasmussen The Danish explorer, Knud Rasmussen during his Fifth Thule Expedition, when he crossed the Canadian Arctic, often by dogsled, visited the Jessie Oonark's camp when she was just a teenager. For the remote Utkuhikhalingmiut, he represented the first white contact. In the 1980s Mame Jackson taped Jessie Oonark speaking in Utkuhiksalik and describing this encounter. The interview was broadcast on |
{"datasets_id": 161946, "wiki_id": "Q20610", "sp": 10, "sc": 395, "ep": 18, "ec": 236} | 161,946 | Q20610 | 10 | 395 | 18 | 236 | Utkuhiksalik | Knud Rasmussen & Inuit artists & Dictionary | CBC radio. Inuit artists Well-known first generation Inuit artists, such as Jessie Oonark, CM OC RCA ( ᔨᐊᓯ ᐅᓈᖅ; 2 March 1906 - 7 March 1985), Luke Anguhadluk and Marion Tuu'luuq were known as fluent speakers of Utkuhiksalik. Their art work like that of the next generation, which includes many of Oonark's children, reflects many aspects of the Utkuhikhalingmiut culture. Dictionary A complete dictionary of Utkuhiksalik was first published in 2015, marking an important contribution to the preservation of the sub-dialect. Jean Briggs, an anthropologist and expert on Inuit languages, helped to compile the dictionary. |
{"datasets_id": 161947, "wiki_id": "Q292737", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 199} | 161,947 | Q292737 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 199 | Vanilla pompona | Description | Vanilla pompona Description Like all members of the genus Vanilla, V. pompona is a vine. It uses its fleshy roots to support itself as it grows. Its leaves and stems are generally thicker than in V. planifolia and V. phaeantha. |
{"datasets_id": 161948, "wiki_id": "Q4227847", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 4, "ec": 504} | 161,948 | Q4227847 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 504 | Vasilii Kolesov | Vasilii Kolesov Vasilii Ivanovich Kolesov (September 24, 1904, Martyanovskaja village in Vologda Oblast – August 2, 1992, St Petersburg) was one of the pioneers of global cardiac surgery. He was the first to perform successful internal Coronary artery bypass surgery using mammary artery–coronary artery anastomosis in 1964. Also in 1964, he performed the first successful coronary bypass using a standard suture technique. Kolesov was a recipient of the USSR State Prize and Honoured Worker of Science in USSR (1964). |
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{"datasets_id": 161949, "wiki_id": "Q55637073", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 10, "ec": 182} | 161,949 | Q55637073 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 182 | Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease | Signs and symptoms & Causes | Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease Signs and symptoms VEIOBD patients present with severe form of the disease that responds poorly to conventional therapies. The symptoms often include not only gastrointestinal tract, but also other tissues, such as pituitary gland, spleen, liver, skin, respiratory tract or blood.
On the other hand, other types of primary immunodeficiency can often manifest with IBD-like symptoms, too. These include the IPEX syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, XIAP syndrome or chronic granulomatous disease. Causes Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn Disease (CD) or Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Up-to-date findings show |
{"datasets_id": 161949, "wiki_id": "Q55637073", "sp": 10, "sc": 182, "ep": 10, "ec": 563} | 161,949 | Q55637073 | 10 | 182 | 10 | 563 | Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease | Causes | that the pathogenesis is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. A considerable number of monogenic disorders can be found especially among patients with VEOIBD. Causal mutations can be found in genes involved in epithelial barrier formation (COL7A1, FERMT1), innate (CYBB, G6PC3), as well as the specific immune response and immune regulation (IL10, IL10RA, FOXP3). |
{"datasets_id": 161950, "wiki_id": "Q60750877", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 606} | 161,950 | Q60750877 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 606 | Vidalia Indians | History | Vidalia Indians History Vidalia had been home of the Vidalia-Lyons Twins, sharing the team with nearby Lyons, Georgia, playing in the newly reformed six-team Georgia State League from 1948-1950 without a major league affiliate. The team was named the Twins because of the close proximity of the Vidalia and Lyons. The Twins advanced to the GSL championship finals in 1949, finishing 54-66 in 1948, 72-65 in 1949 and 56-83 in 1950.
After not having a team in 1951, the Vidalia Indians began play in the Class D Georgia State League 1952.
Vidalia finished 66-58 in 1952, winning the Georgia State League championship |
{"datasets_id": 161950, "wiki_id": "Q60750877", "sp": 6, "sc": 606, "ep": 6, "ec": 1266} | 161,950 | Q60750877 | 6 | 606 | 6 | 1,266 | Vidalia Indians | History | under Manager Frank "Bull" Hamons. After beating the Hazlehurst-Baxley Cardinals 4 games to 2, the Vidalia Indians defeated the Douglas Trojans 4 games to 2 in the league finals.
In the 1953 season, the Indians finished 41-82 under three managers: Hamons, Jake Daniel and Don Cross.
In 1954, Vidalia won their second Georgia State League championship, finishing the regular season 85-44 under manager James Beavers. After defeating the Statesboro Pilots 4 games to 2, Vidalia swept the Douglas Trojans 4 games to 0 in the league finals.
In 1955, Vidalia finished 56-54, losing in the first round of the playoffs under player/manager Ed |
{"datasets_id": 161950, "wiki_id": "Q60750877", "sp": 6, "sc": 1266, "ep": 6, "ec": 1697} | 161,950 | Q60750877 | 6 | 1,266 | 6 | 1,697 | Vidalia Indians | History | Levy. Gary Bell finished 7-5 with a 3.33 ERA.
In their final season, the Indians finished 63-57 under manager Mark Wylie. They lost in the first round of the playoffs. Dick Stigman was 17-9 with a 1.44 ERA. The Georgia State League folded operations after the 1956 season.
The Indians and Twins played at Vidalia Municipal Stadium. During their championship season of 1954, the Indians had an attendance of 53,334. |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 2, "sc": 0, "ep": 6, "ec": 579} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 579 | Viet D. Dinh | Early life | Viet D. Dinh Early life Dinh was born in Saigon, South Vietnam. He and his family emigrated to the United States in 1978, three years after Vietnam had fully embraced communism. They initially settled in Portland, Oregon, but moved to Fullerton, California, two years later. Dinh joined the restarted debate team at Fullerton High under coaches Gary Reed and Jacqueline Reedy as a senior, who encouraged him to apply to Harvard University.
Dinh graduated magna cum laude from Harvard University in 1990 with an A.B. in Government and Economics. While at Harvard, he was a member of the Phoenix |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 6, "sc": 579, "ep": 10, "ec": 349} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 6 | 579 | 10 | 349 | Viet D. Dinh | Early life & Law | S.K. Club. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he was a Class Marshal, an Olin Research Fellow in Law and Economics, and Bluebook editor of the Harvard Law Review, and received his Juris Doctor (J.D.) magna cum laude in 1993. Law After graduating from law school, Dinh served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence H. Silberman of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor during the 1994 Term.
Dinh has served as Associate Special Counsel to the U.S. Senate Whitewater Committee, as Special Counsel to Senator Pete V. |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 10, "sc": 349, "ep": 10, "ec": 1037} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 10 | 349 | 10 | 1,037 | Viet D. Dinh | Law | Domenici for the Impeachment Trial of President Bill Clinton, and as counsel to the Special Master in re Austrian and German Bank Holocaust Litigation.
He is a member of the District of Columbia and Supreme Court bars.
In late 2003, he was one of a group of prominent U.S. security officials hired by ChoicePoint to advise the company on developing its government homeland security contracts.
In 2006 he joined Kenneth Starr in challenging the constitutionality of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Dinh currently serves on or has served on the boards of the News Corporation, The Orchard Enterprises, Inc. (NASDAQ; ORCD), Liberty’s Promise, the American Judicature |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 10, "sc": 1037, "ep": 10, "ec": 1764} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 10 | 1,037 | 10 | 1,764 | Viet D. Dinh | Law | Society, the Transition Committee for California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, the Section on National Security Law of the Association of American Law Schools, and the ABA Section on Administrative Law.
He currently resides in Washington, D.C., teaches at Georgetown University Law Center, and is a partner at Kirkland & Ellis. In September 2016, Kirkland hired all of the attorneys at the firm Dinh founded, Bancroft PLLC.
Dinh's representative publications include Defending Liberty: Terrorism and Human Rights in the Helsinki Monitor, Codetermination and Corporate Governance in a Multinational Business Enterprise in the Journal of Corporation Law, and Financial Sector Reform and Economic Development in |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 10, "sc": 1764, "ep": 10, "ec": 2452} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 10 | 1,764 | 10 | 2,452 | Viet D. Dinh | Law | Vietnam in Law and Policy in International Business. He published The USA Patriot Act: Preserving Life and Liberty in 2008. He published a piece of fiction in the Chicago Review in 2004.
In September 2006 Dinh received publicity for representing Tom Perkins, a former Hewlett-Packard director involved in the company's pretexting scandal. The emails between Perkins and Larry Sonsini, a corporate lawyer involved with Board of Directors decisions for many Corporations were eventually forwarded to reporters and became public.
Dinh, along with fellow News Corp. board member, fellow lawyer, and Corporation executive Joel Klein, took over the investigation of the News of |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 10, "sc": 2452, "ep": 10, "ec": 3076} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 10 | 2,452 | 10 | 3,076 | Viet D. Dinh | Law | the World phone hacking affair and related Corporation issues in July, 2011, from News International UK Chief Executive, Rebekah Brooks. Brooks' own possible involvement in the phone hacking scandal made her unable to continue as an impartial investigator. Tom Perkins, also on the News Corp. board, was one who recommended Dinh for the investigation role.
It emerged after he was appointed to the board investigation that Dinh is godfather to one of Lachlan Murdoch's children and friend of Lachlan since 2003. Further, in 1992, a decade before he met Lachlan, Dinh wrote of his sister, held in a Hong Kong refugee |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 10, "sc": 3076, "ep": 14, "ec": 179} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 10 | 3,076 | 14 | 179 | Viet D. Dinh | Law & Department of Justice | camp, in the New York Times, which led to NBC TV coverage and then to a series of articles in the South China Morning Post. The Post was owned by Rupert Murdoch, and Dinh's articles there were credited with helping free his sister. The personal ties to Murdoch interests and family were debated as Dinh took the role in the phone-hacking investigation. Department of Justice Dinh served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States from 2001 to 2003, under the presidency of George W. Bush. He was confirmed in the Senate by a vote of 96 to 1, with |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 14, "sc": 179, "ep": 14, "ec": 831} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 14 | 179 | 14 | 831 | Viet D. Dinh | Department of Justice | the sole No vote coming from Hillary Clinton. As the official responsible for federal legal policy, Dinh worked with issues of illicit drugs, racial profiling in federal law enforcement, exploitation of children, human trafficking, DNA technology, gun violence, and civil and criminal justice procedural reform. Dinh was also involved in the selection and confirmation of 100 district and 23 appellate judges in his role representing the U.S. Department of Justice. After 9/11, Dinh conducted a comprehensive review of DOJ priorities, policies and practices, and played a key role in developing the USA PATRIOT Act and revising the Attorney General's |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 14, "sc": 831, "ep": 22, "ec": 166} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 14 | 831 | 22 | 166 | Viet D. Dinh | Department of Justice & Georgetown University Law Center & Personal life | Guidelines, which govern federal law enforcement activities and national security investigations. Georgetown University Law Center Dinh is Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. His expertise lies in constitutional law, corporations law, and the law and economics of development. He is also currently Co-Director of the Asian Law & Policy Studies Program. He previously served as Co-Director of the Joint Program in Law and Business Administration, from 1998–99. Personal life His family was separated in 1975 when his father, Phong Dinh, was being held as a political prisoner in the family's war-ravaged homeland after the fall of Saigon. He |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 22, "sc": 166, "ep": 22, "ec": 709} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 22 | 166 | 22 | 709 | Viet D. Dinh | Personal life | escaped in 1978, and remained a fugitive in Vietnam, when his mother, Nga Thu Nguyễn, and his older siblings got on a boat with 85 other people and set out. For 12 days Dinh was in a broken 15-foot-long boat, at one point with no food or water. They encountered a Thai fishing crew that gave them food and gas, and helped fix the boat and pointed them toward land. When they reached Malaysia they were met by gunshots from a patrol boat; the Malaysians didn't want them. Their boat docked but Dinh's mother realized that the port police would |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 22, "sc": 709, "ep": 22, "ec": 1267} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 22 | 709 | 22 | 1,267 | Viet D. Dinh | Personal life | force them to leave the next morning, so she sneaked back out to the boat alone that night with an axe and damaged the boat so as not to be sent back on it. After six months as refugees in Malaysia, Dinh's family arrived at Oregon in November 1978. They picked strawberries for menial wages, sending money back to Dinh's father and a sibling hiding out in Vietnam. After Mount St. Helens erupted in 1980, the crop damage forced his family to relocate to Fullerton.
Dinh was honored by his high school alma mater when he was added to Fullerton's wall |
{"datasets_id": 161951, "wiki_id": "Q7928440", "sp": 22, "sc": 1267, "ep": 26, "ec": 115} | 161,951 | Q7928440 | 22 | 1,267 | 26 | 115 | Viet D. Dinh | Personal life & Future Supreme Court nominee | of fame. He will share that wall with an ideological opposite, David Boies, former Vice President Al Gore's lawyer for the Florida recount.
Dinh was reunited with his father in 1982. In 1992, he was reunited with one of his sisters at a refugee camp in Hong Kong, a meeting filmed by the newsmagazine show Dateline NBC. Future Supreme Court nominee Dinh was mentioned as a potential nominee to The Supreme Court of the United States in a Republican administration. |
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