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Context: Bradley was the apparent target of G. E. Moore's radical rejection of idealism. Moore claimed that Bradley did not understand the statement that something is real. We know for certain, through common sense and prephilosophical beliefs, that some things are real, whether they are objects of thought or not, according to Moore. The 1903 article The Refutation of Idealism is one of the first demonstrations of Moore's commitment to analysis. He examines each of the three terms in the Berkeleian aphorism esse est percipi, "to be is to be perceived", finding that it must mean that the object and the subject are necessarily connected so that "yellow" and "the sensation of yellow" are identical - "to be yellow" is "to be experienced as yellow". But it also seems there is a difference between "yellow" and "the sensation of yellow" and "that esse is held to be percipi, solely because what is experienced is held to be identical with the experience of it". Though far from a complete refutation, this was the first strong statement by analytic philosophy against its idealist predecessors, or at any rate against the type of idealism represented by Berkeley. This argument did not show that the GEM (in post–Stove vernacular, see below) is logically invalid.
Question: Who wrote The Refutation of Idealism?
Answer: Moore
Question: In his rejection of idealism, whose thought did Moore attack?
Answer: Bradley
Question: Who originated the saying 'esse est percipi'?
Answer: Berkeley
Question: What did Bradley write?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Bradley say Moore did not understand?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Latin phrase did Moore coin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What argument did Moore validate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did Bradley target?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Arthur M. Diamond argues Hayek's problems arise when he goes beyond claims that can be evaluated within economic science. Diamond argued that: “The human mind, Hayek says, is not just limited in its ability to synthesize a vast array of concrete facts, it is also limited in its ability to give a deductively sound ground to ethics. Here is where the tension develops, for he also wants to give a reasoned moral defense of the free market. He is an intellectual skeptic who wants to give political philosophy a secure intellectual foundation. It is thus not too surprising that what results is confused and contradictory.”
Question: Who criticizes Hayek's ability to provide specific facts?
Answer: Arthur M. Diamond
Question: Diamond believes Hayek's weaknesses come out when he steps beyond the bounds of what topic?
Answer: economic science
Question: What term does Diamond use to refer to Hayek?
Answer: intellectual skeptic
Question: Diamond states that the final result of Hayek's statements are what?
Answer: confused and contradictory |
Context: The Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare is responsible for planning, implementation and monitoring of all facilities related to health and preventive services. As of 2010[update]–11, the city had 50 government hospitals, 300 private and charity hospitals and 194 nursing homes providing around 12,000 hospital beds, fewer than half the required 25,000. For every 10,000 people in the city, there are 17.6 hospital beds, 9 specialist doctors, 14 nurses and 6 physicians. The city also has about 4,000 individual clinics and 500 medical diagnostic centres. Private clinics are preferred by many residents because of the distance to, poor quality of care at and long waiting times in government facilities,:60–61 despite the high proportion of the city's residents being covered by government health insurance: 24% according to a National Family Health Survey in 2005.:41 As of 2012[update], many new private hospitals of various sizes were opened or being built. Hyderabad also has outpatient and inpatient facilities that use Unani, homeopathic and Ayurvedic treatments.
Question: Which agency is in charge of health and wellness services in Hyderabad?
Answer: Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare
Question: How many government hospitals did Hyderabad have in 2010?
Answer: 50
Question: How many beds are available in all of Hyderabad's hospitals and nursing homes combined?
Answer: 12,000
Question: How many nurses per 10,000 persons are there in Hyderabad?
Answer: 14 nurses
Question: People choose to use what type of facility due to long distances and poor care at Government hospitals?
Answer: Private clinics |
Context: In March 2003, a second rebel group, Movement for Democracy in Liberia, began launching attacks against Taylor from the southeast. Peace talks between the factions began in Accra in June of that year, and Taylor was indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for crimes against humanity that same month. By July 2003, the rebels had launched an assault on Monrovia. Under heavy pressure from the international community and the domestic Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace movement, Taylor resigned in August 2003 and went into exile in Nigeria.
Question: What is "Movement For democracy in Liberia"?
Answer: a second rebel group,
Question: Movement For democracy in Liberia launched attacks against who?
Answer: Taylor
Question: where did peace talks begin between Movement For democracy in Liberia and Taylor?
Answer: Accra in June of that year
Question: Why was Taylor indicted by a special court ?
Answer: for crimes against humanity
Question: Who did the rebels launch an assault on in July, 2003?
Answer: Monrovia.
Question: When did the Movement for Democracy in Liberia begin launching attacks against Taylor from the Southwest?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did peace talks between factions begin in Nigeria?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was indicted by the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace Movement?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the rebels surrender Monrovia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Taylor go into exile in Accra?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Software refers to parts of the computer which do not have a material form, such as programs, data, protocols, etc. When software is stored in hardware that cannot easily be modified (such as BIOS ROM in an IBM PC compatible), it is sometimes called "firmware".
Question: Parts of a computer that are not material objects are collectively known as what?
Answer: Software
Question: Software stored in hardware that cannot be changed easily is called what?
Answer: firmware
Question: What type of "ware" is a BIOS ROM in a PC?
Answer: software |
Context: In September 2005, West announced that he would release his Pastelle Clothing line in spring 2006, claiming "Now that I have a Grammy under my belt and Late Registration is finished, I am ready to launch my clothing line next spring." The line was developed over the following four years – with multiple pieces teased by West himself – before the line was ultimately cancelled in 2009. In 2009, West collaborated with Nike to release his own shoe, the Air Yeezys, with a second version released in 2012. In January 2009, West introduced his first shoe line designed for Louis Vuitton during Paris Fashion Week. The line was released in summer 2009. West has additionally designed shoewear for Bape and Italian shoemaker Giuseppe Zanotti.
Question: What did Kanye announce he would release after acquiring a Grammy in 2005?
Answer: clothing line
Question: What finally become of Kanye's clothing line in 2009?
Answer: cancelled
Question: When did Kanye West annouce his Pastelle Clothing line?
Answer: September 2005
Question: What year was Kanye's Pastelle Clothing Line scrapped?
Answer: 2009
Question: What company worked with Kanye in 2009 to create his own shoe line?
Answer: Nike
Question: For what brand did Kanye design a shoe meant for Paris Fashion Week?
Answer: Louis Vuitton |
Context: The act created the National Military Establishment (renamed Department of Defense in 1949), which was composed of three subordinate Military Departments, namely the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the newly created Department of the Air Force. Prior to 1947, the responsibility for military aviation was shared between the Army (for land-based operations), the Navy (for sea-based operations from aircraft carriers and amphibious aircraft), and the Marine Corps (for close air support of infantry operations). The 1940s proved to be important in other ways as well. In 1947, Captain Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier in his X-1 rocket-powered aircraft, beginning a new era of aeronautics in America.
Question: What was the National Military Establishment renamed in 1949?
Answer: Department of Defense
Question: How many subordinate divisions did the National Military Establishment contain?
Answer: three
Question: What does the US Navy's responsibilities include?
Answer: sea-based operations from aircraft carriers and amphibious aircraft
Question: Who is in charge of closed air support of infantry operations?
Answer: Marine Corps
Question: What American broke the sound barrier in 1947?
Answer: Captain Chuck Yeager |
Context: In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply views communication as a means of sending and receiving information. The strengths of this model are simplicity, generality, and quantifiability. Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver structured this model based on the following elements:
Question: A simple model is also referred to as what?
Answer: transmission model
Question: What kind of message is sent in a simple model?
Answer: a message in natural language
Question: In what form is the information or content sent in a simple model?
Answer: spoken language
Question: How is information sent through a simple model?
Answer: from an emisor/ sender/ encoder
Question: What are the strengths of the simple model?
Answer: simplicity, generality, and quantifiability
Question: What are the weaknesses of this model?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Claude Weaver did what based on those elements?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: A complex model is a message sent from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of message is sent in a complex model?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who invented this model?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Serbo-Croatian dialects differ not only in the question word they are named after, but also heavily in phonology, accentuation and intonation, case endings and tense system (morphology) and basic vocabulary. In the past, Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects were spoken on a much larger territory, but have been replaced by Štokavian during the period of migrations caused by Ottoman Turkish conquest of the Balkans in the 15th and the 16th centuries. These migrations caused the koinéisation of the Shtokavian dialects, that used to form the West Shtokavian (more closer and transitional towards the neighbouring Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects) and East Shtokavian (transitional towards the Torlakian and the whole Bulgaro-Macedonian area) dialect bundles, and their subsequent spread at the expense of Chakavian and Kajkavian. As a result, Štokavian now covers an area larger than all the other dialects combined, and continues to make its progress in the enclaves where non-literary dialects are still being spoken.
Question: Which dialect covers more area than all other dialects combined?
Answer: Štokavian
Question: What is morphology to a language?
Answer: tense system
Question: What has caused Stokavian to become more widely spoken?
Answer: migrations caused by Ottoman Turkish conquest of the Balkans
Question: What have Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects replaced?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are three ways that Kajkavian dialects differ?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In the past where were Ottoman Turkish languages spoken?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What area does Chakavian cover after Ottoman Turkish conquests of the Balkans?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language is progressing in the Balkans where non-literary dialects are spoken?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: J'ouvert, or "Dirty Mas", takes place before dawn on the Monday (known as Carnival Monday) before Ash Wednesday. It means ""opening of the day". Revelers dress in costumes embodying puns on current affairs, especially political and social events. "Clean Mud" (clay mud), oil paint and body paint are familiar during J'ouvert. A common character is "Jab-jabs" (devils, blue, black or red) complete with pitchfork, pointed horns and tails. A King and Queen of J'ouvert are chosen, based on their witty political/social messages.
Question: When does Dirty Mas take place on the Monday before Ash Wednesday?
Answer: before dawn
Question: What do the costumes worn by the revelers pun about?
Answer: current affairs,
Question: What is "Clean Mud"?
Answer: clay
Question: What are "jab-jabs"?
Answer: devils
Question: How are the King and Queen of J'ouvert chosen?
Answer: based on their witty political/social messages |
Context: Small-scale artisanal mining of gold is another source of dangerous child labour in poor rural areas in certain parts of the world. This form of mining uses labour-intensive and low-tech methods. It is informal sector of the economy. Human Rights Watch group estimates that about 12 percent of global gold production comes from artisanal mines. In west Africa, in countries such as Mali - the third largest exporter of gold in Africa - between 20,000 and 40,000 children work in artisanal mining. Locally known as orpaillage, children as young as 6 years old work with their families. These children and families suffer chronic exposure to toxic chemicals including mercury, and do hazardous work such as digging shafts and working underground, pulling up, carrying and crushing the ore. The poor work practices harm the long term health of children, as well as release hundreds of tons of mercury every year into local rivers, ground water and lakes. Gold is important to the economy of Mali and Ghana. For Mali, it is the second largest earner of its export revenue. For many poor families with children, it is the primary and sometimes the only source of income.
Question: What is another source of mining dangerous to children workers?
Answer: gold
Question: What is the third largest exporter of gold in Africa?
Answer: Mali
Question: Why is gold vital to the people of Mali?
Answer: it is the second largest earner of its export revenue
Question: What is the gold production income of poor families in Mali?
Answer: primary and sometimes the only source of income |
Context: The National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) crime statistics system aims to address limitations inherent in UCR data. The system is used by law enforcement agencies in the United States for collecting and reporting data on crimes. Local, state, and federal agencies generate NIBRS data from their records management systems. Data is collected on every incident and arrest in the Group A offense category. The Group A offenses are 46 specific crimes grouped in 22 offense categories. Specific facts about these offenses are gathered and reported in the NIBRS system. In addition to the Group A offenses, eleven Group B offenses are reported with only the arrest information. The NIBRS system is in greater detail than the summary-based UCR system. As of 2004, 5,271 law enforcement agencies submitted NIBRS data. That amount represents 20% of the United States population and 16% of the crime statistics data collected by the FBI.
Question: What is the goal of the NIBRS?
Answer: address limitations inherent in UCR data
Question: Who uses the NIBRS?
Answer: the United States
Question: What is the NIBRS used for?
Answer: collecting and reporting data
Question: What does the NIBRS collect information on?
Answer: crimes
Question: Does the NIBRS system or UCR system have more detailed data?
Answer: NIBRS
Question: What system do Canadian law enforcement agencies use?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What agencies do not generate NIBRS data?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are Group C offenses?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What offers less detail than the UCR system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many law enforcement agencies submit UCR data?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Concerns have often been raised over the buying public's moral complicity in purchasing products assembled or otherwise manufactured in developing countries with child labour. However, others have raised concerns that boycotting products manufactured through child labour may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution or agriculture. For example, a UNICEF study found that after the Child Labour Deterrence Act was introduced in the US, an estimated 50,000 children were dismissed from their garment industry jobs in Bangladesh, leaving many to resort to jobs such as "stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution", jobs that are "more hazardous and exploitative than garment production". The study suggests that boycotts are "blunt instruments with long-term consequences, that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."
Question: What do some feel may happen if child labour products were completely rejected by society as a whole?
Answer: may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution
Question: What happened to the 50,000 children in the UNICEF study?
Answer: stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution"
Question: What does the study say in regards to boycotts?
Answer: that can actually harm rather than help the children involved." |
Context: Oklahoma holds eleven public regional universities, including Northeastern State University, the second-oldest institution of higher education west of the Mississippi River, also containing the only College of Optometry in Oklahoma and the largest enrollment of Native American students in the nation by percentage and amount. Langston University is Oklahoma's only historically black college. Six of the state's universities were placed in the Princeton Review's list of best 122 regional colleges in 2007, and three made the list of top colleges for best value. The state has 55 post-secondary technical institutions operated by Oklahoma's CareerTech program for training in specific fields of industry or trade.
Question: How many public universities does Oklahoma have?
Answer: eleven
Question: What is the second-oldest university west of the MS River?
Answer: Northeastern State University
Question: Within what university is Oklahoma's only optometry college?
Answer: Northeastern State University
Question: What university has the largest Native American enrollment in the US?
Answer: Northeastern State University
Question: What is Oklahoma's only HBCU?
Answer: Langston University |
Context: White light can be formed by mixing differently colored lights; the most common method is to use red, green, and blue (RGB). Hence the method is called multi-color white LEDs (sometimes referred to as RGB LEDs). Because these need electronic circuits to control the blending and diffusion of different colors, and because the individual color LEDs typically have slightly different emission patterns (leading to variation of the color depending on direction) even if they are made as a single unit, these are seldom used to produce white lighting. Nonetheless, this method has many applications because of the flexibility of mixing different colors, and in principle, this mechanism also has higher quantum efficiency in producing white light.[citation needed]
Question: What colors are used to form white light?
Answer: red, green, and blue
Question: What is the method called that mixes red, green, and blue colors to form white light?
Answer: multi-color white LEDs
Question: What does the multi-color white LED method need to produce the end result?
Answer: electronic circuits
Question: What is another name to reference the multi-color white LED method?
Answer: RGB LEDs
Question: What colors are used to form red light?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the method called that mixes red, green, and blue colors to form blue light?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the non-multi-color white LED method need to produce the end result?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another name to reference the solo-color white LED method?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: These deities formed a core pantheon; there were additionally hundreds of minor ones. Sumerian gods could thus have associations with different cities, and their religious importance often waxed and waned with those cities' political power. The gods were said to have created human beings from clay for the purpose of serving them. The temples organized the mass labour projects needed for irrigation agriculture. Citizens had a labor duty to the temple, though they could avoid it by a payment of silver.
Question: What did the Sumerian deities form?
Answer: a core pantheon
Question: What could Sumerian gods be associated with?
Answer: different cities
Question: What did the religious importance of city gods wax and wan with?
Answer: those cities' political power
Question: Why did the gods create human beings from clay?
Answer: for the purpose of serving them
Question: How could a citizen avoid their labor duty to their local temple?
Answer: a payment of silver
Question: What did each Sumerian city have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What changed with a particular gods popularity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who made humans for their amusement?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: who organized large building projects?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Galicia was spared the worst of the fighting in that war: it was one of the areas where the initial coup attempt at the outset of the war was successful, and it remained in Nationalist (Franco's army's) hands throughout the war. While there were no pitched battles, there was repression and death: all political parties were abolished, as were all labor unions and Galician nationalist organizations as the Seminario de Estudos Galegos. Galicia's statute of autonomy was annulled (as were those of Catalonia and the Basque provinces once those were conquered). According to Carlos Fernández Santander, at least 4,200 people were killed either extrajudicially or after summary trials, among them republicans, communists, Galician nationalists, socialists and anarchists. Victims included the civil governors of all four Galician provinces; Juana Capdevielle, the wife of the governor of A Coruña; mayors such as Ánxel Casal of Santiago de Compostela, of the Partido Galeguista; prominent socialists such as Jaime Quintanilla in Ferrol and Emilio Martínez Garrido in Vigo; Popular Front deputies Antonio Bilbatúa, José Miñones, Díaz Villamil, Ignacio Seoane, and former deputy Heraclio Botana); soldiers who had not joined the rebellion, such as Generals Rogelio Caridad Pita and Enrique Salcedo Molinuevo and Admiral Antonio Azarola; and the founders of the PG, Alexandre Bóveda and Víctor Casas, as well as other professionals akin to republicans and nationalists, as the journalist Manuel Lustres Rivas or physician Luis Poza Pastrana. Many others were forced to escape into exile, or were victims of other reprisals and removed from their jobs and positions.
Question: Along with Galicia's, which other two province's autonomy was annulled?
Answer: Catalonia and the Basque provinces
Question: Under the control of whose army was Galicia under during this war?
Answer: Franco's
Question: Which prominent journalist was victim of the killings?
Answer: Manuel Lustres Rivas
Question: Which admiral who hadn't joined the rebellion was also a victim?
Answer: Antonio Azarola |
Context: Since 2001, Miami has been undergoing a large building boom with more than 50 skyscrapers rising over 400 feet (122 m) built or currently under construction in the city. Miami's skyline is ranked third-most impressive in the U.S., behind New York City and Chicago, and 19th in the world according to the Almanac of Architecture and Design. The city currently has the eight tallest (as well as thirteen of the fourteen tallest) skyscrapers in the state of Florida, with the tallest being the 789-foot (240 m) Four Seasons Hotel & Tower.
Question: How many 400+ foot skyscrapers have been built or are in the process of being built in Miami since 2001?
Answer: 50
Question: What US cities have more impressive skylines than Miami's?
Answer: New York City and Chicago
Question: What is Miami's world rank in terms of how impressive its skyline is?
Answer: 19th
Question: Of the fourteen tallest skyscrapers in Florida, how many are in Miami?
Answer: thirteen
Question: What is the tallest skyscraper in Florida?
Answer: Four Seasons Hotel & Tower
Question: How many 400+ foot skyscrapers have been built or are in the process of being built in Miami since 2011?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What UN cities have more impressive skylines than Miami's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Miami's world rank in terms of how unimpressive its skyline is?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Of the fifteen tallest skyscrapers in Florida, how many are in Miami?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Shortest skyscraper in Florida?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Between 1949 and the 1980s, telephone communications in Greece were a state monopoly by the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization, better known by its acronym, OTE. Despite the liberalization of telephone communications in the country in the 1980s, OTE still dominates the Greek market in its field and has emerged as one of the largest telecommunications companies in Southeast Europe. Since 2011, the company's major shareholder is Deutsche Telekom with a 40% stake, while the Greek state continues to own 10% of the company's shares. OTE owns several subsidiaries across the Balkans, including Cosmote, Greece's top mobile telecommunications provider, Cosmote Romania and Albanian Mobile Communications.
Question: Who ran the phones in Greece between 1949 and the 1980s?
Answer: state
Question: What was the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization better known by the acronym of?
Answer: OTE
Question: When did the liberalization of the telephone communications in Greece happen?
Answer: 1980s
Question: What company has a 40% stake in OTE?
Answer: Deutsche Telekom
Question: How many shares of OTE does the Greek state own?
Answer: 10%
Question: Who removed the phones in Greece between 1949 and the 1980s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization not known as well by the acronym of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the liberalization of the telephone communications in Greece become impossible?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What company lost a 40% stake in OTE?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many shares of OTE does the Greek state sell?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the medieval Middle Eastern world, the physicist and Islamic scholar, Al-Farabi (Alpharabius, 872–950), conducted a small experiment concerning the existence of vacuum, in which he investigated handheld plungers in water.[unreliable source?] He concluded that air's volume can expand to fill available space, and he suggested that the concept of perfect vacuum was incoherent. However, according to Nader El-Bizri, the physicist Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen, 965–1039) and the Mu'tazili theologians disagreed with Aristotle and Al-Farabi, and they supported the existence of a void. Using geometry, Ibn al-Haytham mathematically demonstrated that place (al-makan) is the imagined three-dimensional void between the inner surfaces of a containing body. According to Ahmad Dallal, Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī also states that "there is no observable evidence that rules out the possibility of vacuum". The suction pump later appeared in Europe from the 15th century.
Question: Al-Farabi concluded a perfect vacuum was incoherent using what?
Answer: handheld plungers in water.
Question: Ibn al-Haytham used geometry to demonstrate what?
Answer: place (al-makan) is the imagined three-dimensional void between the inner surfaces of a containing body
Question: who stated that there was no evidence to rule out a vacuum?
Answer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
Question: what did Al-Farabi say expanded to fill available space
Answer: air's volume
Question: What type of pump appeared in the 15th century?
Answer: suction pump
Question: What was Aristotle able to demonstrate about place?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what century did Aristotle develop the suction pump?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Aristotle investigate to test the existence of a vacuum?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Aristotle suggest about the concept of a perfect vacuum after his experiment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Aristotle state there was no evidence to rule out?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The first issue was ammunition. Before the war it was recognised that ammunition needed to explode in the air. Both high explosive (HE) and shrapnel were used, mostly the former. Airburst fuses were either igniferious (based on a burning fuse) or mechanical (clockwork). Igniferious fuses were not well suited for anti-aircraft use. The fuse length was determined by time of flight, but the burning rate of the gunpowder was affected by altitude. The British pom-poms had only contact-fused ammunition. Zeppelins, being hydrogen filled balloons, were targets for incendiary shells and the British introduced these with airburst fuses, both shrapnel type-forward projection of incendiary 'pot' and base ejection of an incendiary stream. The British also fitted tracers to their shells for use at night. Smoke shells were also available for some AA guns, these bursts were used as targets during training.
Question: It was understood that ammunition needed to explode where?
Answer: in the air
Question: In addition to high explosive, what else was used?
Answer: shrapnel
Question: Airburst fuses could be which two things?
Answer: igniferious (based on a burning fuse) or mechanical (clockwork)
Question: What were hydrogen filled balloons called?
Answer: Zeppelins
Question: What was used as targets in training practices?
Answer: Smoke shells |
Context: Shōen holders had access to manpower and, as they obtained improved military technology (such as new training methods, more powerful bows, armor, horses, and superior swords) and faced worsening local conditions in the ninth century, military service became part of shōen life. Not only the shōen but also civil and religious institutions formed private guard units to protect themselves. Gradually, the provincial upper class was transformed into a new military elite based on the ideals of the bushi (warrior) or samurai (literally, one who serves).
Question: Who had increased access to better military technology?
Answer: Shōen holders
Question: Which institutions also hired private guards for protection?
Answer: civil and religious
Question: Which class became a new military elite?
Answer: provincial upper class
Question: What does the word "bushi" mean?
Answer: warrior
Question: What did Shoen lack access to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What deprived the Shoen of manpower?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was nolonger part of the Shoen life after the ninth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What institutions were forbidden to form private guards?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whom comprised most of the ordinary military?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The 1981 film Fort Apache, The Bronx is another film that used the Bronx's gritty image for its storyline. The movie's title is from the nickname for the 41st Police Precinct in the South Bronx which was nicknamed "Fort Apache". Also from 1981 is the horror film Wolfen making use of the rubble of the Bronx as a home for werewolf type creatures. Knights of the South Bronx, a true story of a teacher who worked with disadvantaged children, is another film also set in the Bronx released in 2005. The Bronx was the setting for the 1983 film Fuga dal Bronx, also known as Bronx Warriors 2 and Escape 2000, an Italian B-movie best known for its appearance on the television series Mystery Science Theatre 3000. The plot revolves around a sinister construction corporation's plans to depopulate, destroy and redevelop the Bronx, and a band of rebels who are out to expose the corporation's murderous ways and save their homes. The film is memorable for its almost incessant use of the phrase, "Leave the Bronx!" Many of the movie's scenes were filmed in Queens, substituting as the Bronx. Rumble in the Bronx was a 1995 Jackie Chan kung-fu film, another which popularised the Bronx to international audiences. Last Bronx, a 1996 Sega game played on the bad reputation of the Bronx to lend its name to an alternate version of post-Japanese bubble Tokyo, where crime and gang warfare is rampant.
Question: When was 'Fort Apache' released?
Answer: 1981
Question: When was 'Fuga dal Bronx' released?
Answer: 2005
Question: What origin was 'Escape 2000'?
Answer: Italian |
Context: In Babylonian astronomy, records of the motions of the stars, planets, and the moon are left on thousands of clay tablets created by scribes. Even today, astronomical periods identified by Mesopotamian proto-scientists are still widely used in Western calendars such as the solar year and the lunar month. Using these data they developed arithmetical methods to compute the changing length of daylight in the course of the year and to predict the appearances and disappearances of the Moon and planets and eclipses of the Sun and Moon. Only a few astronomers' names are known, such as that of Kidinnu, a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician. Kiddinu's value for the solar year is in use for today's calendars. Babylonian astronomy was "the first and highly successful attempt at giving a refined mathematical description of astronomical phenomena." According to the historian A. Aaboe, "all subsequent varieties of scientific astronomy, in the Hellenistic world, in India, in Islam, and in the West—if not indeed all subsequent endeavour in the exact sciences—depend upon Babylonian astronomy in decisive and fundamental ways."
Question: Who wrote on the clay tablets in Babylonian astronomy?
Answer: scribes
Question: Where are Mesopotamian astronomical periods still used?
Answer: in Western calendars
Question: Who was Kidinnu?
Answer: a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician
Question: Who believes that the Hellenistic world relies on Babylonian astronomy?
Answer: A. Aaboe
Question: Where can Kidinnu's solar year be found in use?
Answer: today's calendars |
Context: Given that water contamination is a major means of transmitting diarrheal disease, efforts to provide clean water supply and improved sanitation have the potential to dramatically cut the rate of disease incidence. In fact, it has been proposed that we might expect an 88% reduction in child mortality resulting from diarrheal disease as a result of improved water sanitation and hygiene. Similarly, a meta-analysis of numerous studies on improving water supply and sanitation shows a 22–27% reduction in disease incidence, and a 21–30% reduction in mortality rate associated with diarrheal disease.
Question: What is a major means of the spread of diarrhea disease?
Answer: water contamination
Question: What has cut the rate of diarrhea disease incidents?
Answer: clean water supply and improved sanitation
Question: What would be the reduction in deisease incedence if there was better water and sanitation?
Answer: 22–27% reduction in disease incidence
Question: What is major way disease instance is spread?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: By what percentage will diarrheal disease be reduced as a result of improved water and hygene?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has cut the rate of mortality?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the reduction in mortality rate associated with disease instance?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a cause of child mortality?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Indigenous peoples in what is now the contiguous United States, including their descendants, are commonly called "American Indians", or simply "Indians" domestically, or "Native Americans" by the USCB. In Alaska, indigenous peoples belong to 11 cultures with 11 languages. These include the St. Lawrence Island Yupik, Iñupiat, Athabaskan, Yup'ik, Cup'ik, Unangax, Alutiiq, Eyak, Haida, Tsimshian, and Tlingit, who are collectively called Alaska Natives. Indigenous Polynesian peoples, which include Marshallese, Samoan, Tahitian, and Tongan, are politically considered Pacific Islands American but are geographically and culturally distinct from indigenous peoples of the Americas.
Question: Where are the indigenous peoples referred to as "American Indians"?
Answer: the contiguous United States
Question: How many cultures and languages do the indigenous peoples of Alaska have?
Answer: 11
Question: Eyak and Tlingit are some of the peoples who are collectively called what?
Answer: Alaska Natives
Question: Tahitian and Tongan are two examples of indigenous peoples of what descent?
Answer: Polynesian
Question: How are Pacific Islands Americans distinct from the indigenous peoples of the Americas?
Answer: geographically and culturally |
Context: Mendes revealed that production would begin on 8 December 2014 at Pinewood Studios, with filming taking seven months. Mendes also confirmed several filming locations, including London, Mexico City and Rome. Van Hoytema shot the film on Kodak 35 mm film stock. Early filming took place at Pinewood Studios, and around London, with scenes variously featuring Craig and Harris at Bond's flat, and Craig and Kinnear travelling down the River Thames.
Question: What were three sites used for filming Spectre?
Answer: London, Mexico City and Rome
Question: What kind of film was used to shoot the movie?
Answer: Kodak 35 mm
Question: Where did initial shoots for the film take place?
Answer: Pinewood Studios
Question: How long did it take to film Spectre?
Answer: seven months.
Question: What type of film was used?
Answer: Kodak 35 mm film stock
Question: In what film studio was some of the film shot?
Answer: Pinewood Studios
Question: What began at Pinewood Studios on 8 December 2004?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What took eight months to complete?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who shot the film on Kodak 45 mm film stock?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Later filming took place at which studio?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The modern Slavic peoples carry a variety of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups. Yet two paternal haplogroups predominate: R1a1a [M17] and I2a2a [L69.2=T/S163.2]. The frequency of Haplogroup R1a ranges from 63.39% in the Sorbs, through 56.4% in Poland, 54% in Ukraine, 52% in Russia, Belarus, to 15.2% in Republic of Macedonia, 14.7% in Bulgaria and 12.1% in Herzegovina. The correlation between R1a1a [M17] and the speakers of Indo-European languages, particularly those of Eastern Europe (Russian) and Central and Southern Asia, was noticed in the late 1990s. From this Spencer Wells and colleagues, following the Kurgan hypothesis, deduced that R1a1a arose on the Pontic-Caspian steppe.
Question: What two DNA haplogroups predominate in modern Slavic peoples?
Answer: R1a1a [M17] and I2a2a
Question: What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in the Sorbs?
Answer: 63.39%
Question: What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in Poland?
Answer: 56.4%
Question: What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in Ukraine?
Answer: 54%
Question: What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in Russia?
Answer: 52%
Question: When did Spencer Wells deduce R1a1a arose on the Pontic-Caspian steppe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How frequent is I2a2a in the Sorbs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What population is I2a2a the rarest in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who created the Kurgan hypothesis?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did I2a2a arise from?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper of record and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.
Question: What is the name of the travel magazine sold by The Times?
Answer: Sunday Times Travel Magazine
Question: In what year was The Times' travel magazine first sold?
Answer: 2003
Question: How many pages is The Times' travel magazine?
Answer: 164
Question: What is the name of Britain's best-selling travel magazine?
Answer: Sunday Times Travel Magazine |
Context: In an operational capacity, limitations in weapons technology and quick British reactions were making it more difficult to achieve strategic effect. Attacking ports, shipping and imports as well as disrupting rail traffic in the surrounding areas, especially the distribution of coal, an important fuel in all industrial economies of the Second World War, would net a positive result. However, the use of delayed-action bombs, while initially very effective, gradually had less impact, partly because they failed to detonate.[c] Moreover, the British had anticipated the change in strategy and dispersed its production facilities making them less vulnerable to a concentrated attack. Regional commissioners were given plenipotentiary powers to restore communications and organise the distribution of supplies to keep the war economy moving.
Question: Coupled with British quick reactions what cause operational capacity hard to achieve?
Answer: limitations in weapons technology
Question: What was an important fuel in the Second World War?
Answer: coal
Question: What kind of bombs were effective in the beginning but became less so with time?
Answer: delayed-action bombs
Question: What did Britain do that helped make the new strategy less effective?
Answer: dispersed its production facilities
Question: Who was given permission to restore power and move supplies to keep the war moving?
Answer: Regional commissioners |
Context: In a new and effective tactic, the Popular Front launched a rail blockade of Armenia, which caused petrol and food shortages because 85 percent of Armenia's freight came from Azerbaijan. Under pressure from the Popular Front the Communist authorities in Azerbaijan started making concessions. On September 25, they passed a sovereignty law that gave precedence to Azerbaijani law, and on October 4, the Popular Front was permitted to register as a legal organization as long as it lifted the blockade. Transport communications between Azerbaijan and Armenia never fully recovered. Tensions continued to escalate and on December 29, Popular Front activists seized local party offices in Jalilabad, wounding dozens.
Question: What did the Popular Front do to Armenian railways?
Answer: blockade
Question: What shortages were caused by the blockade?
Answer: petrol and food
Question: How much freight into Armenia originated in Azerbaijan?
Answer: 85 percent
Question: When was the sovereignty law passed?
Answer: September 25
Question: What in Jalilibad was taken over by the Popular Front?
Answer: local party offices |
Context: The Melbourne rail network has its origins in privately built lines from the 1850s gold rush era, and today the suburban network consists of 209 suburban stations on 16 lines which radiate from the City Loop, a partially underground metro section of the network beneath the Central Business District (Hoddle Grid). Flinders Street Station is Melbourne's busiest railway station, and was the world's busiest passenger station in 1926. It remains a prominent Melbourne landmark and meeting place. The city has rail connections with regional Victorian cities, as well as direct interstate rail services to Sydney and Adelaide and beyond which depart from Melbourne's other major rail terminus, Southern Cross Station in Spencer Street. In the 2013–2014 financial year, the Melbourne rail network recorded 232.0 million passenger trips, the highest in its history. Many rail lines, along with dedicated lines and rail yards are also used for freight. The Overland to Adelaide departs Southern Cross twice a week, while the XPT to Sydney departs twice a day.
Question: How many lines does the Melbourne rail network have?
Answer: 16
Question: Which rail station is Melbourne's busiest?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: Which Melbourne rail station was the world's busiest passenger station in 1926?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: During which financial year did the Melbourne rail network record its highest volume of passenger trips?
Answer: 2013–2014
Question: How often does the XPT to Sydney depart?
Answer: twice a day |
Context: Philadelphia once comprised six congressional districts. However, as a result of the city's declining population, it now has only four: the 1st district, represented by Bob Brady; the 2nd, represented by Chaka Fattah; the 8th, represented by Mike Fitzpatrick; and the 13th, represented by Brendan Boyle. All but Fitzpatrick are Democrats. Although they are usually swamped by Democrats in city, state and national elections, Republicans still have some support in the area, primarily in the northeast. A Republican represented a significant portion of Philadelphia in the House as late as 1983, and Sam Katz ran competitive mayoral races as the Republican nominee in both 1999 and 2003.
Question: How many congressional districts are there in the city?
Answer: four
Question: How many congressional districts were there at the peak population?
Answer: six
Question: Who represents the 8th district?
Answer: Mike Fitzpatrick
Question: When was the last major Republican representation of a large part of the city?
Answer: 1983
Question: Who was the last Republican to be fairly competitive in the mayoral race?
Answer: Sam Katz |
Context: In the latter part of the second revolution, Thomas Alva Edison developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world and is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory. In 1882, Edison switched on the world's first large-scale electrical supply network that provided 110 volts direct current to fifty-nine customers in lower Manhattan. Also toward the end of the second industrial revolution, Nikola Tesla made many contributions in the field of electricity and magnetism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Question: Thomas Edison is credited with?
Answer: the creation of the first industrial research laboratory
Question: What Did Thomas Edison switch to in 1882?
Answer: the world's first large-scale electrical supply network
Question: How many volts did Thomas Edison's electrical supply provide?
Answer: 110 volts
Question: How many customers were supplied by Thomas Edison's electrical supply network?
Answer: fifty-nine
Question: Where was Thomas Edison's electrical supply network located?
Answer: lower Manhattan |
Context: At the beginning of a match, an official tosses a coin and allows the captain of the visiting team call heads or tails. The captain of the team winning the coin toss is given the option of having first choice, or of deferring first choice to the other captain. The captain making first choice may either choose a) to kick off or receive the kick and the beginning of the half, or b) which direction of the field to play in. The remaining choice is given to the opposing captain. Before the resumption of play in the second half, the captain that did not have first choice in the first half is given first choice. Teams usually choose to defer, so it is typical for the team that wins the coin toss to kick to begin the first half and receive to begin the second.
Question: Which team calls heads or tails in the coin flip before a CFL game?
Answer: visiting
Question: Who on a football team articulates the team's decision following the coin flip?
Answer: captain
Question: What can the team that wins the coin toss choose besides whether they wish to kick off or receive the ball?
Answer: which direction of the field to play in
Question: Who makes a choice after the team that wins the coin toss has made their decision?
Answer: the opposing captain
Question: What does the official call at the beginning of a game?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What option does the official have after winning the coin toss?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What's typical for the team that recieves the kick?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: After the kickoff in the second half who is given first choice?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one option the opposing captain is given if they choose first choice after winning the coin toss?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Physical pain is an important political topic in relation to various issues, including pain management policy, drug control, animal rights or animal welfare, torture, and pain compliance. In various contexts, the deliberate infliction of pain in the form of corporal punishment is used as retribution for an offence, or for the purpose of disciplining or reforming a wrongdoer, or to deter attitudes or behaviour deemed unacceptable. In some cultures, extreme practices such as mortification of the flesh or painful rites of passage are highly regarded.
Question: What type of topic is physical pain important in relation to many issues?
Answer: political
Question: Corporal punishment is a form of what type of pain?
Answer: deliberate infliction
Question: What is corporal punishment used as retribution for?
Answer: an offence
Question: How does pain inform attitudes deemed unacceptable?
Answer: deter
Question: What kind of practices do some cultures highly regard?
Answer: extreme
Question: What is animal rights in relation to various issues?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What important political issues relate to infliction of pain?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What reasons are given for pain?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cultural practices are highly regarded as torture?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Before the Hellenistic period, Greek colonies had been established on the coast of the Crimean and Taman peninsulas. The Bosporan Kingdom was a multi-ethnic kingdom of Greek city states and local tribal peoples such as the Maeotians, Thracians, Crimean Scythians and Cimmerians under the Spartocid dynasty (438–110 BCE). The Spartocids were a hellenized Thracian family from Panticapaeum. The Bosporans had long lasting trade contacts with the Scythian peoples of the Pontic-Caspian steppe, and Hellenistic influence can be seen in the Scythian settlements of the Crimea, such as in the Scythian Neapolis. Scythian pressure on the Bosporan kingdom under Paerisades V led to its eventual vassalage under the Pontic king Mithradates VI for protection, circa 107 BCE. It later became a Roman client state. Other Scythians on the steppes of Central Asia came into contact with Hellenistic culture through the Greeks of Bactria. Many Scythian elites purchased Greek products and some Scythian art shows Greek influences. At least some Scythians seem to have become Hellenized, because we know of conflicts between the elites of the Scythian kingdom over the adoption of Greek ways. These Hellenized Scythians were known as the "young Scythians". The peoples around Pontic Olbia, known as the Callipidae, were intermixed and Hellenized Greco-Scythians.
Question: Before Hellenestic influence, Greek colonies were on the shores of the Taman and what other peninsula?
Answer: Crimean
Question: What kingdom under the Spartocid dynasty consisted of Maeotians, Thracians, Crimean Scythians and Cimmerians?
Answer: Bosporan
Question: Which Scythian people with the Bosporans have strong trade contacts with?
Answer: Pontic-Caspian steppe
Question: From whom did the Scythians of Central Asia discover Hellenistic culture?
Answer: Greeks of Bactria
Question: Hellenized Scythians were known as?
Answer: young Scythians |
Context: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is longer, the education period is longer, and the income per capita is higher. The HDI was developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, often framed in terms of whether people are able to "be" and "do" desirable things in their life, and was published by the United Nations Development Programme.
Question: Which three statistics does the HDI compile?
Answer: life expectancy, education, and income per capita
Question: Does a high ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy?
Answer: longer
Question: Who developed the HDI?
Answer: Mahbub ul Haq
Question: What entity publishes the HDI?
Answer: United Nations Development Programme
Question: Does a high ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy at birth?
Answer: longer
Question: Which three statistics does the HDI ignore?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Does a low ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who rejected the HDI?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What entity rejects the HDI?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Does a low ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy at birth?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Shell's primary business is the management of a vertically integrated oil company. The development of technical and commercial expertise in all stages of this vertical integration, from the initial search for oil (exploration) through its harvesting (production), transportation, refining and finally trading and marketing established the core competencies on which the company was founded. Similar competencies were required for natural gas, which has become one of the most important businesses in which Shell is involved, and which contributes a significant proportion of the company's profits. While the vertically integrated business model provided significant economies of scale and barriers to entry, each business now seeks to be a self-supporting unit without subsidies from other parts of the company.
Question: What is Shell's primary business?
Answer: the management of a vertically integrated oil company
Question: The development of what two types of exptertise established the core competencies on which the company was founded?
Answer: technical and commercial
Question: One of the most important business in which Shell is involved is what?
Answer: natural gas
Question: Each business now seeks to become what type of unit?
Answer: self-supporting
Question: The business model that provided significant economies of scale and barriers to entry is called what?
Answer: vertically integrated
Question: What is the least important business for Shell?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did self-supporting units provide for the company?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What types of expertise have been removed from the business?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which stage does not require technical and commercial expertise?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What company is moving away from having self-supported units?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Modern standard Italian itself is heavily based on the Latin-derived Florentine Tuscan language. The Tuscan-based language that would eventually become modern standard Italian had been used in poetry and literature since at least the 12th century, and it first became widely known in Italy through the works of authors such as Dante Alighieri, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli, and Petrarch. Dante's Florentine-Tuscan literary Italian thus became the language of the literate and upper class in Italy, and it spread throughout the peninsula as the lingua franca among the Italian educated class as well as Italian traveling merchants. The economic prowess and cultural and artistic importance of Tuscany in the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance further encouraged the diffusion of the Florentine-Tuscan Italian throughout Italy and among the educated and powerful, though local and regional languages remained the main languages of the common people.
Question: What language is modern standard Italian derived from?
Answer: Florentine Tuscan
Question: What language is Florentine Tuscan based on?
Answer: Latin
Question: During what century did Florentine Tuscan begin to be used in poetry?
Answer: 12th
Question: What socioeconomic class used the Florentine Tuscan language in Dante's time?
Answer: upper class
Question: From what region of Italy did Florentine Tuscan derive?
Answer: Tuscany
Question: What is Florentine Tuscan language based on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Since when has Giovanni Boccaccio been used in poetry and literature?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Since when has Dadnte Alighieri been used in poetry and literature?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Since when has Niccolo Machiavelli been used in poetry and literature?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Since when has Petrarch been used in poetry and literature?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the early part of the 20th century, San Diego hosted two World's Fairs: the Panama-California Exposition in 1915 and the California Pacific International Exposition in 1935. Both expositions were held in Balboa Park, and many of the Spanish/Baroque-style buildings that were built for those expositions remain to this day as central features of the park. The buildings were intended to be temporary structures, but most remained in continuous use until they progressively fell into disrepair. Most were eventually rebuilt, using castings of the original façades to retain the architectural style. The menagerie of exotic animals featured at the 1915 exposition provided the basis for the San Diego Zoo. During the 1950s there was a citywide festival called Fiesta del Pacifico highlighting the area's Spanish and Mexican past. In the 2010s there was a proposal for a large-scale celebration of the 100th anniversary of Balboa Park, but the plans were abandoned when the organization tasked with putting on the celebration went out of business.
Question: What park in San Diego hosted two World Fairs near the beginning of the 20th century?
Answer: Balboa Park
Question: Where did many of the San Diego Zoo's exotic animals come from?
Answer: Panama-California Exposition in 1915
Question: What festival was celebrated in the 1950s in recognition of the city's Mexican and Spanish past?
Answer: Fiesta del Pacifico
Question: What happened to many of the structures developed for the World Fairs?
Answer: Most were eventually rebuilt, using castings of the original façades to retain the architectural style.
Question: Which World Fair was hosted in San Diego in 1935?
Answer: California Pacific International Exposition
Question: What park in San Diego hosted two World Fairs near the beginning of the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did many of the San Francisco Zoo's exotic animals come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What festival was celebrated in the 1960s in recognition of the city's Mexican and Spanish past?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened to many of the structures developed for the State Fairs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which World Fair was hosted in San Diego in 1953?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The calendar was a refinement to the Julian calendar amounting to a 0.002% correction in the length of the year. The motivation for the reform was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of the year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Because the celebration of Easter was tied to the spring equinox, the Roman Catholic Church considered the steady drift in the date of Easter caused by the year being slightly too long to be undesirable. The reform was adopted initially by the Catholic countries of Europe. Protestants and Eastern Orthodox countries continued to use the traditional Julian calendar and adopted the Gregorian reform after a time, for the sake of convenience in international trade. The last European country to adopt the reform was Greece, in 1923.
Question: What was the percentsge of correction from the Julian calendar to the new Gregorian calendar?
Answer: 0.002%
Question: What was the correction due to?
Answer: length of the year
Question: What change in date motivated the change in calendars?
Answer: celebration of Easter
Question: To what astrological date was Easter tied?
Answer: spring equinox
Question: What was wrong in the Julian calendar?
Answer: slightly too long
Question: What percentage did the Julian calendar fixed the Gregorian calendar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was too short in the Julian calendar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the spring equinox motivate the church to change?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Protestant church considered to be undesirable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was first adopted by Eastern Orthodox countries
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, written by the six Democratic appointees, the minority report, written by 3 of the 4 Republican appointees, studies by Federal Reserve economists, and the work of several independent scholars generally contend that government affordable housing policy was not the primary cause of the financial crisis. Although they concede that governmental policies had some role in causing the crisis, they contend that GSE loans performed better than loans securitized by private investment banks, and performed better than some loans originated by institutions that held loans in their own portfolios. Paul Krugman has even claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans – a claim that is widely disputed.
Question: How many Democratic appointees wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission?
Answer: six
Question: Who claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans - a claim that is widely disputed?
Answer: Paul Krugman
Question: Several reports written by various agencies concluded that which policy was not the primary cause of the financial crisis?
Answer: government affordable housing policy
Question: How many Republican appointees wrote the minority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission?
Answer: 4
Question: According to reports, which loans performed better than some loans securitized by private investment banks?
Answer: GSE loans |
Context: 187th Street crosses Washington Heights and running from Laurel Hill Terrace in the east to Chittenden Avenue in the west near the George Washington Bridge and Hudson River. The street is interrupted by a long set of stairs east of Fort Washington Avenue leading to the Broadway valley. West of there, it is mostly lined with store fronts and serves as a main shopping district for the Hudson Heights neighborhood.
Question: 187th Street runs from Laurel Hill Terrace in the east to which avenue in the west?
Answer: Chittenden Avenue
Question: What is 187th Street interrupted by?
Answer: stairs
Question: Where do the stairs interrupting 187th street lead to?
Answer: Broadway valley
Question: An area of 187th Street serves as the main shopping district for which neighborhood?
Answer: Hudson Heights |
Context: Emotions are thought to be related to certain activities in brain areas that direct our attention, motivate our behavior, and determine the significance of what is going on around us. Pioneering work by Broca (1878), Papez (1937), and MacLean (1952) suggested that emotion is related to a group of structures in the center of the brain called the limbic system, which includes the hypothalamus, cingulate cortex, hippocampi, and other structures. More recent research has shown that some of these limbic structures are not as directly related to emotion as others are while some non-limbic structures have been found to be of greater emotional relevance.
Question: When did Broca publish his pioneering work?
Answer: 1878
Question: Who published a work in 1937 on the relationship between emotion and the limbic system?
Answer: Papez
Question: Along with the cingulate cortex and hippocampi, what structure is a notable part of the limbic system?
Answer: hypothalamus
Question: When did Broca publish his non-pioneering work?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who published a work in 1937 on the relationship between non-emotional and the limbic system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with the cingulate cortex and hippocampi, what structure is not a notable part of the limbic system?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Germanic languages are traditionally divided into three groups: West, East and North Germanic. They remained mutually intelligible throughout the Migration Period. Dutch is together with English and German part of the West Germanic group, that is characterized by a number of phonological and morphological innovations not found in North and East Germanic. The West Germanic varieties of the time are generally split into three dialect groups: Ingvaeonic (North Sea Germanic), Istvaeonic (Weser-Rhine Germanic) and Irminonic (Elbe Germanic). It appears that the Frankish tribes fit primarily into the Istvaeonic dialect group with certain Ingvaeonic influences towards the northwest, still seen in modern Dutch.
Question: Into how many groups are Germanic languages usually split?
Answer: three
Question: In what historical period did the different types of Germanic languages stop being collectively understood?
Answer: the Migration Period
Question: What group of Germanic languages includes Dutch, English, and German?
Answer: West Germanic
Question: What's the West Germanic dialect spoken in the North Sea region called?
Answer: Ingvaeonic
Question: Which dialect group included most Frankish tribes?
Answer: Istvaeonic |
Context: George Sarton, the author of The History of Science, described Ibn Sīnā as "one of the greatest thinkers and medical scholars in history" and called him "the most famous scientist of Islam and one of the most famous of all races, places, and times." He was one of the Islamic world's leading writers in the field of medicine. Along with Rhazes, Abulcasis, Ibn al-Nafis, and al-Ibadi, Ibn Sīnā is considered an important compiler of early Muslim medicine. He is remembered in the Western history of medicine as a major historical figure who made important contributions to medicine and the European Renaissance. His medical texts were unusual in that where controversy existed between Galen and Aristotle's views on medical matters (such as anatomy), he preferred to side with Aristotle, where necessary updating Aristotle's position to take into account post-Aristotelian advances in anatomical knowledge. Aristotle's dominant intellectual influence among medieval European scholars meant that Avicenna's linking of Galen's medical writings with Aristotle's philosophical writings in the Canon of Medicine (along with its comprehensive and logical organisation of knowledge) significantly increased Avicenna's importance in medieval Europe in comparison to other Islamic writers on medicine. His influence following translation of the Canon was such that from the early fourteenth to the mid-sixteenth centuries he was ranked with Hippocrates and Galen as one of the acknowledged authorities, princeps medicorum ("prince of physicians").
Question: Who said that Ibn Sina was one of the greatest thinkers?
Answer: George Sarton
Question: What did George Sarton write?
Answer: The History of Science
Question: Ibn Sina was described as the most famous scientist in what religion?
Answer: Islam
Question: Who is another leading Islamic figure in medicine?
Answer: Abulcasis
Question: During what centuries was Ibn Sina ranked among such medical greats as Hippocrates?
Answer: early fourteenth to the mid-sixteenth centuries
Question: Who said that Ibn Sina was one of the weakest thinkers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did George Sarton read?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Ibn Sina was described as the least famous scientist in what religion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is another unimportant Islamic figure in medicine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During what centuries was Ibn Sina not ranked among such medical greats as Hippocrates?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Thousands of Soviet troops were sent to the Fergana Valley, southeast of the Uzbek capital Tashkent, to re-establish order after clashes in which local Uzbeks hunted down members of the Meskhetian minority in several days of rioting between June 4–11, 1989; about 100 people were killed. On June 23, 1989, Gorbachev removed Rafiq Nishonov as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Uzbek SSR and replaced him with Karimov, who went on to lead Uzbekistan as a Soviet Republic and subsequently as an independent state.
Question: Who went to the Fergana Valley to restore order?
Answer: Soviet troops
Question: Where is the Fergana Valley located?
Answer: southeast of the Uzbek capital
Question: Who were targeted by the local Uzbeks?
Answer: members of the Meskhetian minority
Question: Who was fired from First Secretary position by Gorbachev?
Answer: Rafiq Nishonov
Question: Who replaced Nishonov?
Answer: Karimov |
Context: In 525 BC, the powerful Achaemenid Persians, led by Cambyses II, began their conquest of Egypt, eventually capturing the pharaoh Psamtik III at the battle of Pelusium. Cambyses II then assumed the formal title of pharaoh, but ruled Egypt from his home of Susa in Persia (modern Iran), leaving Egypt under the control of a satrapy. The entire Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt, from 525 BC to 402 BC, save for Petubastis III, was an entirely Persian ruled period, with the Achaemenid kings all being granted the title of pharaoh. A few temporarily successful revolts against the Persians marked the fifth century BC, but Egypt was never able to permanently overthrow the Persians.
Question: Who took control of Egypt in 525 BC?
Answer: Achaemenid Persians
Question: What pharaoh was captured by the group led by Camyses II?
Answer: Psamtik III
Question: From where did Camyses II rule Egypt?
Answer: Susa in Persia
Question: What was the duration of the 27th dynasty of Egypt?
Answer: 525 BC to 402 BC, |
Context: Tennessee is known as the "Volunteer State", a nickname some claimed was earned during the War of 1812 because of the prominent role played by volunteer soldiers from Tennessee, especially during the Battle of New Orleans. Other sources differ on the origin of the state nickname; according to the Columbia Encyclopedia, the name refers to volunteers for the Mexican–American War. This explanation is more likely, because President Polk's call for 2,600 nationwide volunteers at the beginning of the Mexican-American War resulted in 30,000 volunteers from Tennessee alone, largely in response to the death of Davy Crockett and appeals by former Tennessee Governor and now Texas politician, Sam Houston.
Question: By what nickname is Tennessee officially known?
Answer: Volunteer State
Question: Which major conflict that included the Battle of New Orleans is said to have given Tennessee its nickname?
Answer: War of 1812
Question: What conflict overseen by President Polk might be the source of Tennessee's nickname?
Answer: Mexican–American War
Question: How many volunteers did Tennessee send to the Mexican-American War?
Answer: 30,000
Question: Which local icon's death inspired many of the Tennessee volunteers during the Mexican-American War?
Answer: Davy Crockett |
Context: Georgian architecture is characterized by its proportion and balance; simple mathematical ratios were used to determine the height of a window in relation to its width or the shape of a room as a double cube. Regularity, as with ashlar (uniformly cut) stonework, was strongly approved, imbuing symmetry and adherence to classical rules: the lack of symmetry, where Georgian additions were added to earlier structures remaining visible, was deeply felt as a flaw, at least before Nash began to introduce it in a variety of styles. Regularity of housefronts along a street was a desirable feature of Georgian town planning. Until the start of the Gothic Revival in the early 19th century, Georgian designs usually lay within the Classical orders of architecture and employed a decorative vocabulary derived from ancient Rome or Greece.
Question: Georgian architecture is characterized by?
Answer: its proportion and balance
Question: What was a desirable feature of Georgian town planning?
Answer: Regularity of housefronts
Question: What decorative vocabulary did Georgian designs draw from?
Answer: ancient Rome or Greece
Question: What was considered a deep flaw of Georgian architecture?
Answer: lack of symmetry
Question: What type of architecture was known for its asymmetry and balance?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was an undesirable feature of Georgian town planning?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why were Georgian additions where earlier structures remained visible so approved of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of designs laid in the classical orders after the Gothic revival?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of ratios were used in Gothic revival architecture?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Central State-owned enterprises have accumulatively donated more than $48.6 million. China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donated 10 million yuan each to the disaster area.
Question: How much did central state-owned enterprises donate?
Answer: more than $48.6 million
Question: How much did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate?
Answer: 10 million yuan
Question: How much have Central state enterprises donated?
Answer: 48.6 million
Question: How much did China National Petroleum and Sinopec donate?
Answer: 10 million yuan each |
Context: The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.
Question: What Roman businesses were analogous to modern day pubs?
Answer: taverns
Question: What similar establishments existed in the Anglo-Saxon world?
Answer: alehouse
Question: In what century did the tied house system develop?
Answer: 19th century |
Context: In 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London in late 1918 (a post he held for four years), a member of the University of London's Senate in 1919, and chairman of the Senate's Academic (leadership) Council in 1920, a post which he held until he departed for America in 1924. Whitehead was able to exert his newfound influence to successfully lobby for a new history of science department, help establish a Bachelor of Science degree (previously only Bachelor of Arts degrees had been offered), and make the school more accessible to less wealthy students.
Question: When did Whitehead accept administrative positions?
Answer: 1918
Question: Where did Whitehead accept administrative positions?
Answer: University of London
Question: What was he elected at the University of London?
Answer: Dean of the Faculty of Science
Question: When did Whitehead go to America?
Answer: 1924
Question: In which educational system was Whitehead employed in the late 1910s?
Answer: University of London system
Question: What was Whitehead's title at the University of London in late 1918?
Answer: Dean of the Faculty of Science
Question: What was Whitehead's last position before he traveled to America?
Answer: chairman of the Senate's Academic (leadership) Council
Question: In which year did Whitehead relocate to America?
Answer: 1924
Question: What degree program did Whitehead contribute to establishing at University of London?
Answer: Bachelor of Science
Question: In which year did Whitehead relocate to Africa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What degree program did Whitehead contribute to unestablishing at University of London?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Whitehead's title at the University of France in late 1918?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Whitehead's last position before he traveled to Africa?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Because of the sudden loss of the New Orleans franchise, the league announced in October that the beginning of the free agency period would be delayed in order to accommodate a dispersal draft. Dates were eventually announced as December 2 for the dispersal draft and December 4 for free agency, but shortly before the draft the league issued a press release announcing the draft had been postponed one day to December 3. Shortly thereafter, another press release announced that the draft would be held on December 9 and free agency would commence on December 11. However, the draft still never took place, and instead another press release was issued stating that both the draft and free agency had been postponed indefinitely. Rumors began circulating that the league was in trouble and on the verge of folding, but owners denied those claims. It was soon revealed the players' union had agreed to cut the salary cap for the 2009 season to prevent a total cessation of operations. However, the announced Platinum Equity investment never materialized.
Question: On what date was the dispersal draft first scheduled to occur?
Answer: December 2
Question: To what date was the dispersal draft first delayed?
Answer: December 3
Question: After the second delay, when was the dispersal draft schedule to occur?
Answer: December 9
Question: When was free agency first scheduled to begin?
Answer: December 4
Question: When was free agency scheduled to begin after the delay?
Answer: December 11 |
Context: The most pelagic species, mainly in the 'tubenose' order Procellariiformes, are great wanderers, and the albatrosses of the southern oceans may circle the globe as they ride the "roaring forties" outside the breeding season. The tubenoses spread widely over large areas of open ocean, but congregate when food becomes available. Many are also among the longest-distance migrants; sooty shearwaters Puffinus griseus nesting on the Falkland Islands migrate 14,000 km (8,700 mi) between the breeding colony and the North Atlantic Ocean off Norway. Some Manx shearwaters Puffinus puffinus do this same journey in reverse. As they are long-lived birds, they may cover enormous distances during their lives; one record-breaking Manx shearwater is calculated to have flown 8 million km (5 million miles) during its over-50 year lifespan.
Question: Which species are great wanderers?
Answer: pelagic
Question: Which bird broke a record in how far it flew over it's life?
Answer: Manx shearwater
Question: How far did a Manx shearwater fly over it's lifespan?
Answer: 8 million km
Question: How long did the Manx shearwater live?
Answer: 50 year
Question: How far will Puffinus griseus migrate each year?
Answer: 14,000 km |
Context: A number of universities in London are outside the University of London system, including Brunel University, City University London, Imperial College London, Kingston University, London Metropolitan University, Middlesex University, University of East London, University of West London and University of Westminster, (with over 34,000 students, the largest unitary university in London), London South Bank University, Middlesex University, University of the Arts London (the largest university of art, design, fashion, communication and the performing arts in Europe), University of East London, the University of West London and the University of Westminster. In addition there are three international universities in London – Regent's University London, Richmond, The American International University in London and Schiller International University.
Question: What is the student population of University of Westminster?
Answer: 34,000
Question: How many international universities operate in London?
Answer: three
Question: In what suburb is the American International University in London located?
Answer: Richmond
Question: What is Europe's largest university for degrees in communication and performing arts?
Answer: University of the Arts London |
Context: 27th Street is a one-way street runs from Second Avenue to the West Side Highway with an interruption between Eighth Avenue and Tenth Avenue. It is most noted for its strip between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues, known as Club Row because it features numerous nightclubs and lounges.
Question: Which street does Club Row occur on?
Answer: 27th Street
Question: Which strip is known for its numerous nightclubs and lounges?
Answer: Club Row
Question: What is the strip of 27th Street between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues known as?
Answer: Club Row
Question: Does traffuc on 27th Street run one-way or two-ways?
Answer: one-way
Question: Where does 27th Street start?
Answer: Second Avenue |
Context: Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenotype temperaments affect social connectedness and fitness in complex social systems (Kurt Kortschal 2013). These characteristics are shared with other species and taxa and are due to the effects of genes and their continuous transmission. Information that is encoded in the DNA sequences provides the blueprint for assembling proteins that make up our cells. Zygotes require genetic information from their parental germ cells, and at every speciation event, heritable traits that have enabled its ancestor to survive and reproduce successfully are passed down along with new traits that could be potentially beneficial to the offspring. In the five million years since the linages leading to modern humans and chimpanzees split, only about 1.2% of their genetic material has been modified. This suggests that everything that separates us from chimpanzees must be encoded in that very small amount of DNA, including our behaviors. Students that study animal behaviors have only identified intraspecific examples of gene-dependent behavioral phenotypes. In voles (Microtus spp.) minor genetic differences have been identified in a vasopressin receptor gene that corresponds to major species differences in social organization and the mating system (Hammock & Young 2005). Another potential example with behavioral differences is the FOCP2 gene, which is involved in neural circuitry handling speech and language (Vargha-Khadem et al. 2005). Its present form in humans differed from that of the chimpanzees by only a few mutations and has been present for about 200,000 years, coinciding with the beginning of modern humans (Enard et al. 2002). Speech, language, and social organization are all part of the basis for emotions.
Question: Who researched the role of emotional phenotype temperaments on social connectedness?
Answer: Kurt Kortschal
Question: From where do zygotes derive their genetic information?
Answer: their parental germ cells
Question: What percentage of difference is there between the genetic material of humans and the genetic material of chimpanzees?
Answer: 1.2%
Question: How many million years ago did the evolution of chimpanzees and humans diverge?
Answer: five
Question: About how long ago did modern human beings first come into existence?
Answer: 200,000 years
Question: Who rejected the research on the role of emotional phenotype temperaments on social connectedness?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From where don't zygotes derive their genetic information?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of similarity is there between the genetic material of humans and the genetic material of chimpanzees?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many hundred years ago did the evolution of chimpanzees and humans diverge?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: About how long ago did modern human beings not come into existence?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: For Whitehead the core of religion was individual. While he acknowledged that individuals cannot ever be fully separated from their society, he argued that life is an internal fact for its own sake before it is an external fact relating to others. His most famous remark on religion is that "religion is what the individual does with his own solitariness ... and if you are never solitary, you are never religious." Whitehead saw religion as a system of general truths that transformed a person's character. He took special care to note that while religion is often a good influence, it is not necessarily good – an idea which he called a "dangerous delusion" (e.g., a religion might encourage the violent extermination of a rival religion's adherents).
Question: What did Whitehead believe was the basis of religion?
Answer: individual
Question: What is Whitehead's most famous statement on religion?
Answer: "religion is what the individual does with his own solitariness ... and if you are never solitary, you are never religious."
Question: How did Whitehead define religion?
Answer: a system of general truths that transformed a person's character
Question: How did Whitehead define "dangerous delusion" as it relates to religion?
Answer: while religion is often a good influence, it is not necessarily good
Question: What did Whitehead believe was the basis of nonreligion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Whitehead's most famous statement on nonreligion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did Whitehead define nonreligion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did Whitehead define "dangerous delusion" as it doesn't relate to religion?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent years, the local government has passed a wave of liberal policies, such as abortion on request, a limited form of euthanasia, no-fault divorce, and same-sex marriage. On January 29, 2016, it ceased to be called the Federal District (Spanish: Distrito Federal or D.F.) and is now in transition to become the country's 32nd federal entity, giving it a level of autonomy comparable to that of a state. Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution, however, as the seat of the powers of the Union, it can never become a state, lest the capital of the country be relocated elsewhere.
Question: Why can't Mexico City become a state?
Answer: Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution
Question: When did people become able to vote for representation?
Answer: 1997
Question: What political party controls the Mexico City legislature?
Answer: Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)
Question: What was Mexico City's old affiliation with the nation of Mexico?
Answer: Federal District
Question: How are officials elected to the legislature?
Answer: popular vote |
Context: Although "British" pubs found outside of Britain and its former colonies are often themed bars owing little to the original British pub, a number of "true" pubs may be found around the world.
Question: What would be a more accurate classification for many "British" pubs found outside Britain?
Answer: themed bars |
Context: To Popper, who was an anti-justificationist, traditional philosophy is misled by the false principle of sufficient reason. He thinks that no assumption can ever be or needs ever to be justified, so a lack of justification is not a justification for doubt. Instead, theories should be tested and scrutinised. It is not the goal to bless theories with claims of certainty or justification, but to eliminate errors in them. He writes, "there are no such things as good positive reasons; nor do we need such things [...] But [philosophers] obviously cannot quite bring [themselves] to believe that this is my opinion, let alone that it is right" (The Philosophy of Karl Popper, p. 1043)
Question: According to Popper, what is not grounds for doubt?
Answer: lack of justification
Question: What principle of traditional philosophy did Popper take an anti-justificationist stance against?
Answer: principle of sufficient reason
Question: What does Popper believe is essential to do to theories instead of justification?
Answer: eliminate errors
Question: What don't we need to look for about theories in Popper's view?
Answer: good positive reasons
Question: Who was a pro-justificationist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Popper think needed to be justified?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a justification for doubt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who believed that good positive reasons exist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Popper think should never be tested or scrutinized?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the Cold War, American troops and their allies fought Communist forces in Korea and Vietnam. The Korean War began in 1950, when the Soviets walked out of a U.N. Security meeting, removing their possible veto. Under a United Nations umbrella, hundreds of thousands of U.S. troops fought to prevent the takeover of South Korea by North Korea, and later, to invade the northern nation. After repeated advances and retreats by both sides, and the PRC People's Volunteer Army's entry into the war, the Korean Armistice Agreement returned the peninsula to the status quo in 1953.
Question: What year did the Korean War start?
Answer: 1950
Question: Who walked out of the U.N. security meeting?
Answer: the Soviets
Question: In what two countries did the American troops fight Communist forces?
Answer: Korea and Vietnam
Question: In what year did the Korean war end?
Answer: 1953
Question: What year did the Vietnam War begin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who entered the U.N. security meeting?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what two countries did the American troops fight for Communist forces?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did the Vietnam War end?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Neolithic people were skilled farmers, manufacturing a range of tools necessary for the tending, harvesting and processing of crops (such as sickle blades and grinding stones) and food production (e.g. pottery, bone implements). They were also skilled manufacturers of a range of other types of stone tools and ornaments, including projectile points, beads, and statuettes. But what allowed forest clearance on a large scale was the polished stone axe above all other tools. Together with the adze, fashioning wood for shelter, structures and canoes for example, this enabled them to exploit their newly won farmland.
Question: What type of occupation were Neolithic people considered to be proficient at?
Answer: farmers
Question: What purposes were the production of farm tools used for?
Answer: tending, harvesting and processing of crops
Question: What types of tools did early farmers use for crops?
Answer: sickle blades and grinding stones
Question: What types of tools did early farmers use for food production?
Answer: pottery, bone implements)
Question: What tool allowed early farmers to convert forest into arable land?
Answer: stone axe
Question: What type of occupation were manufacturers considered to be proficient at?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What purposes were the production of statuettes used for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What types of tools did early farmers use for shelter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What tool allowed early manufacturers to convert forest into arable land?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Beginning with its incorporation in 1802, Detroit has had a total of 74 mayors. Detroit's last mayor from the Republican Party was Louis Miriani, who served from 1957 to 1962. In 1973, the city elected its first black mayor, Coleman Young. Despite development efforts, his combative style during his five terms in office was not well received by many suburban residents. Mayor Dennis Archer, a former Michigan Supreme Court Justice, refocused the city's attention on redevelopment with a plan to permit three casinos downtown. By 2008, three major casino resort hotels established operations in the city.
Question: When was Detroit incorporated?
Answer: 1802
Question: How many mayors has Detroit had?
Answer: 74
Question: Who was Detroit's last Republican mayor?
Answer: Louis Miriani
Question: Who was Detroit's first black mayor?
Answer: Coleman Young
Question: What was Dennis Archer's former occupation?
Answer: Supreme Court Justice |
Context: Historically, Philadelphia sourced its water by the Fairmount Water Works, the nation's first major urban water supply system. In 1909, Water Works was decommissioned as the city transitioned to modern sand filtration methods. Today, the Philadelphia Water Department (PWD) provides drinking water, wastewater collection, and stormwater services for Philadelphia, as well as surrounding counties. PWD draws about 57 percent of its drinking water from the Delaware River and the balance from the Schuylkill River. The public wastewater system consists of three water pollution control plants, 21 pumping stations, and about 3,657 miles of sewers. A 2007 investigation by the Environmental Protection Agency found elevated levels of Iodine-131 in the city's potable water.[citation needed] In 2012, the EPA's readings discovered that the city had the highest readings of I-131 in the nation. The city campaigned against an Associated Press report that the high levels of I-131 were the results of local gas drilling in the Upper Delaware River.[citation needed]
Question: What was the first water supply system called?
Answer: Fairmount Water Works,
Question: Who provides the city water now?
Answer: Philadelphia Water Department
Question: Where dos PWD get it's water from?
Answer: Delaware River and the balance from the Schuylkill River
Question: How many pumping stations are there in the sewer system?
Answer: 21
Question: How many miles of sewers are in the city?
Answer: 3,657 miles |
Context: The Yoga school builds on the Samkhya school theory that jñāna (knowledge) is a sufficient means to moksha. It suggests that systematic techniques/practice (personal experimentation) combined with Samkhya's approach to knowledge is the path to moksha. Yoga shares several central ideas with Advaita Vedanta, with the difference that Yoga is a form of experimental mysticism while Advaita Vedanta is a form of monistic personalism. Like Advaita Vedanta, the Yoga school of Hindu philosophy states that liberation/freedom in this life is achievable, and this occurs when an individual fully understands and realizes the equivalence of Atman (soul, self) and Brahman.
Question: What principle does yoga use from Samkhya?
Answer: jñāna
Question: What is the meaning of jnana?
Answer: knowledge
Question: To what does yoga say personal experimentation and knowledge lead?
Answer: moksha
Question: To what school does yoga share central ideas?
Answer: Advaita Vedanta
Question: What state in life does yoga believe is achievable?
Answer: liberation/freedom
Question: What is moksha?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What central idea do Yoga and Advaita Vendata share?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Yoga state is unachievable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Brahaman?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What school is Yoga most dissimilar to?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Beginning in 1689, the colonies became involved in a series of wars between Great Britain and France for control of North America, the most important of which were Queen Anne's War, in which the British conquered French colony Acadia, and the final French and Indian War (1754–63) when Britain was victorious over all the French colonies in North America. This final war was to give thousands of colonists, including Virginia colonel George Washington, military experience which they put to use during the American Revolutionary War.
Question: When did wars between Britain and France in North America start?
Answer: 1689
Question: What was the most important North American conflict between France and Britain called?
Answer: Queen Anne's War
Question: What French colony did Great Britain conquer in Queen Anne's War?
Answer: Acadia
Question: When was the final French and Indian War fought?
Answer: 1754–63
Question: What future American founding father fought in the French and Indian War?
Answer: George Washington
Question: When did wars between China and France in North America start?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the most important South American conflict between France and Britain called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What French colony did Great Britain conquer outside of Queen Anne's War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the first French and Indian War fought?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What future Canadian founding father fought in the French and Indian War?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The last census in Mexico that asked for an individual's race, which was taken in 1921, indicated that 50.09% of the population identified as Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European descent). The second-largest group was whites at 36.33% of the population. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, constituting 12.76% of the population. The remaining 0.82% of the population of Chihuahua was considered "other", i.e., neither Mestizo, indigenous, nor white. The most important indigenous tribes of the state of Chihuahua are:
Question: The last census in Mexico that asked for race was carried out in which year?
Answer: 1921
Question: According to the census of 1921, what percentage of citizens were Mestizo?
Answer: 50.09%
Question: The second largest group of people were whom?
Answer: whites |
Context: However, according to research firm NPD, sales of devices running Windows in the United States have declined 21 percent compared to the same time period in 2011. As the holiday shopping season wrapped up, Windows 8 sales continued to lag, even as Apple reported brisk sales. The market research firm IDC reported an overall drop in PC sales for the quarter, and said the drop may have been partly due to consumer reluctance to embrace the new features of the OS and poor support from OEM for these features. This capped the first year of declining PC sales to the Asia Pacific region, as consumers bought more mobile devices than Windows PCs.
Question: What is IDC?
Answer: market research firm
Question: What is the decline in PC sales attributed to?
Answer: consumers bought more mobile devices
Question: How much of a decrease in sales have Windows devices experienced?
Answer: 21 percent
Question: While Windows sales went down, which company experienced an increase in sales?
Answer: Apple
Question: What is ICD?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What isn't IDC?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the increase in PC sales attributed to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much of a increase in sales have Windows devices experienced?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: While Windows sales went up, which company experienced an decrease in sales?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: New York's non-white population was 36,620 in 1890. New York City was a prime destination in the early twentieth century for African Americans during the Great Migration from the American South, and by 1916, New York City was home to the largest urban African diaspora in North America. The Harlem Renaissance of literary and cultural life flourished during the era of Prohibition. The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height and creating an identifiable skyline.
Question: How many non-white people lived in New York in 1890?
Answer: 36,620
Question: What was the name of the Prohibition-era African-American cultural flourishing in New York?
Answer: Harlem Renaissance
Question: What was the population of people in New York that were not Caucasian in 1890?
Answer: 36,620 |
Context: Most Western European countries changed the start of the year to 1 January before they adopted the Gregorian calendar. For example, Scotland changed the start of the Scottish New Year to 1 January in 1600 (this means that 1599 was a short year). England, Ireland and the British colonies changed the start of the year to 1 January in 1752 (so 1751 was a short year with only 282 days) though in England the start of the tax year remained at 25 March (O.S.), 5 April (N.S.) till 1800, when it moved to 6 April. Later in 1752 in September the Gregorian calendar was introduced throughout Britain and the British colonies (see the section Adoption). These two reforms were implemented by the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750.
Question: On what date did most European countries set the start of the new year?
Answer: 1 January
Question: When did Scotland begin to use January 1 as the start of the new year?
Answer: 1600
Question: When did the other British states and colonies set the year start date to January 1?
Answer: 1752
Question: What act did Britain use to implement the use of the Gregorian calendar?
Answer: Calendar (New Style) Act 1750
Question: When did England finally change the tax year to 6 April?
Answer: 1800
Question: What do most European countries do after they adopted the Gregorian calendar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country changed the new year to January 1 during the sixteenth century
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who changed the start of the new year to January 1 during the seventeenth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the act that changed the start of the year and a seventeenth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What remained on March 25 in Scotland?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Zapatist forces, which were based in neighboring Morelos had strengths in the southern edge of the Federal District, which included Xochimilco, Tlalpan, Tláhuac and Milpa Alta to fight against the regimes of Victoriano Huerta and Venustiano Carranza. After the assassination of Carranza and a short mandate by Adolfo de la Huerta, Álvaro Obregón took power. After willing to be re-elected, he was killed by José de León Toral, a devout Catholic, in a restaurant near La Bombilla Park in San Ángel in 1928. Plutarco Elias Calles replaced Obregón and culminated the Mexican Revolution.
Question: Who was the leader at the end of the Mexican Revolution?
Answer: Plutarco Elias Calles
Question: Where was Alvaro Obregon killed?
Answer: in a restaurant near La Bombilla Park in San Ángel
Question: When was Alvaro Obregon killed?
Answer: 1928
Question: Where were the Zapatist forces from?
Answer: Morelos
Question: Who was the third to last leader before the end of the Mexican Revolution?
Answer: Adolfo de la Huerta |
Context: Over time, electric lighting became ubiquitous in developed countries. Segmented sleep patterns disappeared, improved nighttime lighting made more activities possible at night, and more street lights reduced urban crime.
Question: Street lights help reduce?
Answer: urban crime. |
Context: In the first years of the Republic, controversy arose within the Reformed Church, mainly around the subject of predestination. This has become known as the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism, or between Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants. In 1618 the Synod of Dort tackled this issue, which led to the banning of the Remonstrant faith.
Question: What was the main subject of controversy that arose within the Reformed Church during the beginning of the Republic?
Answer: predestination
Question: The controversy surrounding the subject of predestination is known as what?
Answer: the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism, or between Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants
Question: What led to the banning of the Remonstrant faith in 1618?
Answer: the Synod of Dort
Question: When was there controversy within the Synod of Dort?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did controversy appear around banning of the Remonstrat faith?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group lead to the banning of the subject of predestination?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did disagreement about the Synod of Dort become known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 1618 How did the Reformed Church help solve the controversy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant proportion of the paternal DNA of Ethiopians, Sudanese, Egyptians, Berbers, North African Arabs, as well as many Mediterranean populations. Sanchez et al. (2005) observed the M78 subclade of E1b1b in about 77% of their Somali male samples. According to Cruciani et al. (2007), the presence of this subhaplogroup in the Horn region may represent the traces of an ancient migration from Egypt/Libya. After haplogroup E1b1b, the second most frequently occurring Y-DNA haplogroup among Somalis is the West Asian haplogroup T (M70). It is observed in slightly more than 10% of Somali males. Haplogroup T, like haplogroup E1b1b, is also typically found among populations of Northeast Africa, North Africa, the Near East and the Mediterranean.
Question: In what year did Sanchez publish his study on Somali ethnicity?
Answer: 2005
Question: What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to?
Answer: Afro-Asiatic
Question: What haplogroup is present in a significant number of Somalis?
Answer: E1b1b1a
Question: Based on the presence of the M78 subclade, where do some researchers think Somalis originated?
Answer: Egypt/Libya
Question: What percentage of Somali males had DNA containing the M78 subclade of E1b1b?
Answer: 77% |
Context: Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no longer stayed bound between a pair of lines. These in turn formed the foundations for the Carolingian minuscule script, developed by Alcuin for use in the court of Charlemagne, which quickly spread across Europe. The advantage of the minuscule over majuscule was improved, faster readability.[citation needed]
Question: Originally alphabets were written entirely in which type of letter?
Answer: majuscule
Question: Rounder and simpler forms of letters came from writing quickly with which instrument?
Answer: pen
Question: Who developed the Carolingian minuscule script for handwriting?
Answer: Alcuin
Question: Carolingian minuscule script quickly spread across which continent?
Answer: Europe
Question: What is a common advantage of miniscule over majuscule handwriting?
Answer: faster readability |
Context: As a major Chinese city, Nanjing is home to many professional sports teams. Jiangsu Sainty, the football club currently staying in Chinese Super League, is a long-term tenant of Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Jiangsu Nangang Basketball Club is a competitive team which has long been one of the major clubs fighting for the title in China top level league, CBA. Jiangsu Volleyball men and women teams are also traditionally considered as at top level in China volleyball league.
Question: Generally, what types of teams call Nanjing home?
Answer: many professional sports teams
Question: What is the name of the football club in Nanjing?
Answer: Jiangsu Sainty
Question: What building is home to Jiangsu Sainty?
Answer: Nanjing Olympic Sports Center
Question: What is the name of the major basketball team in Nanjing?
Answer: Jiangsu Nangang Basketball Club
Question: What is the name of China's highest level basketball league?
Answer: CBA |
Context: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).
Question: What genre laid the roots for hard rock?
Answer: electric blues
Question: Who recorded "Rumble"?
Answer: Link Wray
Question: When was "Rumble" released?
Answer: 1958
Question: What were two of Dick Dale's better known songs?
Answer: "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962)
Question: What city's blues style produced hard rock precursors in electric blues?
Answer: Memphis
Question: What type of music known as the roots of hard rock was started in the 1940s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a key element that hard rock used to lay roots for electric blues music?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the electric blues guitarists avoid using from the hard rock genre?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the Memphis hard rock guitarist known for using power chords?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who wrote "Misirlou" in 1961?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Prompted by legislation in various countries mandating increased bulb efficiency, new "hybrid" incandescent bulbs have been introduced by Philips. The "Halogena Energy Saver" incandescents can produce about 23 lm/W; about 30 percent more efficient than traditional incandescents, by using a reflective capsule to reflect formerly wasted infrared radiation back to the filament from which it can be re-emitted as visible light. This concept was pioneered by Duro-Test in 1980 with a commercial product that produced 29.8 lm/W. More advanced reflectors based on interference filters or photonic crystals can theoretically result in higher efficiency, up to a limit of about 270 lm/W (40% of the maximum efficacy possible). Laboratory proof-of-concept experiments have produced as much as 45 lm/W, approaching the efficacy of compact fluorescent bulbs.
Question: Which company introduced hybrid incandescent bulbs?
Answer: Philips
Question: How much more efficient are Halogena Energy Saver bulbs compared to incandescents?
Answer: 30 percent
Question: What company first marketed light bulbs using the reflective capsule technique to increase energy efficiency?
Answer: Duro-Test
Question: What is the theoretical maximum efficiency of reflective capsule bulbs?
Answer: 270 lm/W
Question: What is the maximum efficiency of reflective capsule bulbs as tested in labs?
Answer: 45 lm/W
Question: Which company did not introduce hybrid incandescent bulbs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did not prompt Philips to introduce the hybrid incandescent bulbs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can produce about 25 Im/W?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is 40% less efficient than traditional incandescent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which concept was not pioneered by Duro-Test in 1980?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The War of 1812, the second and last American war against the United Kingdom, was less successful for the U.S. than the Revolution and Northwest Indian War against natives had been, though it ended on a high note for Americans as well. After the taking control of Lake Erie in 1813, the Americans were able to seize parts of western Upper Canada, burn York and defeat Tecumseh, which caused his Indian Confederacy to collapse. Following ending victories in the province of Upper Canada, which dubbed the U.S. Army "Regulars, by God!", British troops were able to capture and burn Washington. The regular army, however, proved they were professional and capable of defeating the British army during the invasions of Plattsburgh and Baltimore, prompting British agreement on the previously rejected terms of a status quo ante bellum. Two weeks after a treaty was signed (but not ratified), Andrew Jackson defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans and became a national hero. Per the treaty both sides returned to the status quo with no victor.
Question: The War of 1812 consisted of the U.S against whom?
Answer: United Kingdom
Question: In what year did the U.S. take control of Lake Eerie?
Answer: 1813
Question: Who did the U.S. defeat to collapse the Indian Confederacy?
Answer: Tecumseh
Question: In the Battle of New Orleans, who defeated the British?
Answer: Andrew Jackson
Question: The Siege of 1812 was fought against?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did the U.S. take control of Lake Superior?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the English defeat to collapse the Indian Confederacy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In the Battle of the New Orleans, who defeated the Americans?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Relations between Grand Lodges are determined by the concept of Recognition. Each Grand Lodge maintains a list of other Grand Lodges that it recognises. When two Grand Lodges recognise and are in Masonic communication with each other, they are said to be in amity, and the brethren of each may visit each other's Lodges and interact Masonically. When two Grand Lodges are not in amity, inter-visitation is not allowed. There are many reasons why one Grand Lodge will withhold or withdraw recognition from another, but the two most common are Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity.
Question: What concept determines relationships between Grand Lodges?
Answer: Recognition
Question: What must two lodges be in, in order to inter-visit?
Answer: amity
Question: What, besides Recognition, must happen between two Grand Lodges in order for them to be considered in amity?
Answer: Masonic communication
Question: What can be causes of one Grand Lodge withdrawing Recognition from another?
Answer: Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity
Question: What are the members of a Grand Lodge called?
Answer: brethren
Question: Gran Lodges are in what when they are in Masonic Communication with each other?
Answer: amity
Question: What concept is used to determine relations between Grand Lodges?
Answer: Recognition
Question: What does each Grand Lodge maintain?
Answer: a list
Question: What is not allowed when Grand Lodges are not in amity?
Answer: inter-visitation
Question: What are the two most common reasons one Grand Lodge will withhold recognition from another?
Answer: Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity
Question: What concept determines conflicts between Grand Lodges?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What must only one lodge be in, in order to inter-visit?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What, besides Recognition, must never happen between two Grand Lodges in order for them to be considered in amity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the enemies of a Grand Lodge called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is not allowed when Grand Lodges are empty?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After secession, some North Carolinians refused to support the Confederacy. Some of the yeoman farmers in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region remained neutral during the Civil War, while some covertly supported the Union cause during the conflict. Approximately 2,000 North Carolinians from western North Carolina enlisted in the Union Army and fought for the North in the war. Two additional Union Army regiments were raised in the coastal areas of the state, which were occupied by Union forces in 1862 and 1863. Numerous slaves escaped to Union lines, where they became essentially free.
Question: Some North Carolinians still refused to support what after secession?
Answer: the Confederacy
Question: Some of what farmers remained neutral during the civil war?
Answer: yeoman
Question: Where were the yoeman farmers that remained neutral during the civil war located?
Answer: in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region
Question: How many North Carolinians from the west fought for the union Army?
Answer: 2,000
Question: When did union forces occupy coastal areas of North carolina?
Answer: 1862 and 1863 |
Context: The gyromagnetic ratio γ is the constant of proportionality between the frequency ν of nuclear magnetic resonance (or electron paramagnetic resonance for electrons) and the applied magnetic field B: ν = γB. It is difficult to measure gyromagnetic ratios precisely because of the difficulties in precisely measuring B, but the value for protons in water at 7002298150000000000♠25 °C is known to better than one part per million. The protons are said to be "shielded" from the applied magnetic field by the electrons in the water molecule, the same effect that gives rise to chemical shift in NMR spectroscopy, and this is indicated by a prime on the symbol for the gyromagnetic ratio, γ′p. The gyromagnetic ratio is related to the shielded proton magnetic moment μ′p, the spin number I (I = 1⁄2 for protons) and the reduced Planck constant.
Question: The gyromagnetic ratio is the constant proportion between the magentic field and what?
Answer: the frequency ν of nuclear magnetic resonance
Question: How does the water molecule impact the effect of magnetic fields on protons?
Answer: The protons are said to be "shielded" from the applied magnetic field by the electrons in the water molecule
Question: What three factors impact the gyromagnetic ratio?
Answer: related to the shielded proton magnetic moment μ′p, the spin number I (I = 1⁄2 for protons) and the reduced Planck constant.
Question: The gyromagnetic ratio is often difficult to determine due to difficulty accurately determining the value of what?
Answer: the applied magnetic field B
Question: What ratio is the difference of proportionality between the frequency ν of nuclear magnetic resonance (or electron paramagnetic resonance for electrons) and the applied magnetic field?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What three factors impact the gyroelectric ratio?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is never related to the shielded proton magnetic moment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What effect is a the same effect that gives rise to chemical shift in KMR spectroscopy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: As the Reformers wanted all members of the church to be able to read the Bible, education on all levels got a strong boost. By the middle of the eighteenth century, the literacy rate in England was about 60 per cent, in Scotland 65 per cent, and in Sweden eight of ten men and women were able to read and to write. Colleges and universities were founded. For example, the Puritans who established Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1628 founded Harvard College only eight years later. About a dozen other colleges followed in the 18th century, including Yale (1701). Pennsylvania also became a centre of learning.
Question: What did Reformers increase so that their followers could read the Bible?
Answer: education
Question: In the middle of the eighteenth century, how many Swedes could read and write?
Answer: eight of ten men and women
Question: Who founded Harvard College?
Answer: the Puritans
Question: When was Yale founded?
Answer: 1701
Question: What state became a hub of learning?
Answer: Pennsylvania |
Context: For the 2013 season, the league's new national broadcast partner was the CBS Sports Network. CBSSN would air 19 regular season games and two playoff games. CBS would also air the ArenaBowl, marking the first time since 2008 that the league's finale aired on network television. Regular season CBSSN broadcast games are usually on Saturday nights. As the games are being shown live, the start times are not uniform as with most football broadcast packages, but vary with the time zone in which the home team is located. This means that the AFL may appear either prior to or following the CBSSN's featured Major League Lacrosse game.
Question: Who was the AFL's 2013 national broadcast partner?
Answer: CBS Sports Network
Question: How many regular season games were shown by CBS Sports Network in 2013?
Answer: 19
Question: How many 2013 playoff games did CBSSN broadcast?
Answer: two
Question: On what channel was the 2013 ArenaBowl broadcast?
Answer: CBS
Question: In 2013, on what day were Arena Football League games usually broadcast on CBS Sports Network?
Answer: Saturday |
Context: All of Chopin's compositions include the piano. Most are for solo piano, though he also wrote two piano concertos, a few chamber pieces, and some songs to Polish lyrics. His keyboard style is highly individual and often technically demanding; his own performances were noted for their nuance and sensitivity. Chopin invented the concept of instrumental ballade. His major piano works also include mazurkas, waltzes, nocturnes, polonaises, études, impromptus, scherzos, preludes and sonatas, some published only after his death. Influences on his compositional style include Polish folk music, the classical tradition of J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert, the music of all of whom he admired, as well as the Paris salons where he was a frequent guest. His innovations in style, musical form, and harmony, and his association of music with nationalism, were influential throughout and after the late Romantic period.
Question: What instrument did every composition by Frédéric include?
Answer: piano
Question: What concept was Frédéric credited with creating?
Answer: instrumental ballade
Question: Whose music did Frédéric admire the most and thus provide influence on his work?
Answer: J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert
Question: What features marked Frédéric's performance style and made them unique?
Answer: nuance and sensitivity
Question: What establishments did Frédéric frequently visit in Paris that influenced his career?
Answer: Paris salons
Question: Which instrument do every one of his compositions include?
Answer: piano
Question: What concept did Chopin create?
Answer: instrumental ballade
Question: What are two things Chopin's performances were known for?
Answer: nuance and sensitivity
Question: What three composers influenced Chopin's work?
Answer: J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert
Question: Chopin wrote some music to lyrics, what language were the lyrics?
Answer: Polish
Question: What instrument is involved in all of Chopin's work?
Answer: piano
Question: Chopin composed several songs to lyrics of what language?
Answer: Polish
Question: Chopin's performances were known for what?
Answer: nuance and sensitivity
Question: What three composers did Chopin take inspiration from?
Answer: J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert
Question: What instrument was all of Chopin's compositions written for?
Answer: piano
Question: What language were some songs written in that Chopin wrote music for?
Answer: Polish
Question: Of what venue was Chopin an often invited guest?
Answer: Paris salons |
Context: As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fraction of energy which is available to do work through a heat engine, or be transformed to other usable forms of energy (through the use of generators attached to heat engines), grows less and less.
Question: As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in what?
Answer: irreversible states
Question: What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes trapped in irreversible states?
Answer: inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe
Question: In this heat death of energy, what does not change?
Answer: energy of the universe
Question: As the universe evolves in time, less and less of its energy becomes trapped in what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes freed from irreversible states?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In this heat death of energy, what changes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: how much energy is not available to do work through a heat engine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: what is not attached to heat engines?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The English language has been official in the state of Oklahoma since 2010. The variety of North American English spoken is called Oklahoma English, and this dialect is quite diverse with its uneven blending of features of North Midland, South Midland, and Southern dialects. In 2000, 2,977,187 Oklahomans—92.6% of the resident population five years or older—spoke only English at home, a decrease from 95% in 1990. 238,732 Oklahoma residents reported speaking a language other than English in the 2000 census, about 7.4% of the total population of the state. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language in the state, with 141,060 speakers counted in 2000. The next most commonly spoken language is Cherokee, with about 22,000 speakers living within the Cherokee Nation tribal jurisdiction area of eastern Oklahoma. Cherokee is an official language in the Cherokee Nation tribal jurisdiction area and in the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians.
Question: When did Oklahoma declare an official language?
Answer: 2010
Question: How many Oklahomans speak only English at home, as of 2000?
Answer: 2,977,187
Question: What percent of Oklahomans speak only English at home, as of 2000?
Answer: 92.6%
Question: What is the second-most-prevalent language in Oklahoma?
Answer: Spanish
Question: What is the third-most-prevalent language in Oklahoma?
Answer: Cherokee |
Context: John was deeply suspicious of the barons, particularly those with sufficient power and wealth to potentially challenge the king. Numerous barons were subjected to John's malevolentia, even including William Marshal, a famous knight and baron normally held up as a model of utter loyalty. The most infamous case, which went beyond anything considered acceptable at the time, proved to be that of William de Braose, a powerful marcher lord with lands in Ireland. De Braose was subjected to punitive demands for money, and when he refused to pay a huge sum of 40,000 marks (equivalent to £26,666 at the time),[nb 13] his wife and one of his sons were imprisoned by John, which resulted in their deaths. De Braose died in exile in 1211, and his grandsons remained in prison until 1218. John's suspicions and jealousies meant that he rarely enjoyed good relationships with even the leading loyalist barons.
Question: John was deeply suspicious of who?
Answer: the barons
Question: What famous knight was subjected to John's malevolentia?
Answer: William Marshal
Question: How many marks did De Braose refuse to pay?
Answer: 40,000
Question: When did De Braose die?
Answer: 1211 |
Context: Prior to the Golden Age of Mandolins, France had a history with the mandolin, with mandolinists playing in Paris until the Napoleonic Wars. The players, teachers and composers included Giovanni Fouchetti, Eduardo Mezzacapo, Gabriele Leon, and Gervasio. During the Golden age itself (1880s-1920s), the mandolin had a strong presence in France. Prominent mandolin players or composers included Jules Cottin and his sister Madeleine Cottin, Jean Pietrapertosa, and Edgar Bara. Paris had dozens of "estudiantina" mandolin orchestras in the early 1900s. Mandolin magazines included L'Estudiantina, Le Plectre, École de la mandolie.
Question: Prior to what age did France have a history with the mandolin?
Answer: Golden Age of Mandolins
Question: Where in France did the mandolinists play?
Answer: Paris
Question: When did the mandolinists stop playing in Paris?
Answer: Napoleonic Wars.
Question: Who were the players and composers during this time?
Answer: Giovanni Fouchetti, Eduardo Mezzacapo, Gabriele Leon, and Gervasio
Question: What years was considered the Golden Age of Mandolins?
Answer: 1880s-1920s
Question: Prior to what age did Italy have a history with the mandolin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where in Italy did the mandolinists play?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the mandolinists start playing in Paris?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who weren't the players and composers during this time?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What years weren't considered the Golden Age of Mandolins?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: At the beginning of the 1930s, the Nazi Party's rise to power increased tensions between Germany and the Soviet Union along with other countries with ethnic Slavs, who were considered "Untermenschen" (inferior) according to Nazi racial ideology. Moreover, the anti-Semitic Nazis associated ethnic Jews with both communism and financial capitalism, both of which they opposed. Consequently, Nazi theory held that Slavs in the Soviet Union were being ruled by "Jewish Bolshevik" masters. In 1934, Hitler himself had spoken of an inescapable battle against both Pan-Slavism and Neo-Slavism, the victory in which would lead to "permanent mastery of the world", though he stated that they would "walk part of the road with the Russians, if that will help us." The resulting manifestation of German anti-Bolshevism and an increase in Soviet foreign debts caused German–Soviet trade to dramatically decline.[b] Imports of Soviet goods to Germany fell to 223 million Reichsmarks in 1934 as the more isolationist Stalinist regime asserted power and the abandonment of post–World War I Treaty of Versailles military controls decreased Germany's reliance on Soviet imports.[clarification needed]
Question: Who was to blame for communism and capitalism?
Answer: ethnic Jews
Question: What reduced Germany’s need for Soviet goods?
Answer: Treaty of Versailles
Question: Which political group created problems between the Soviet and German governments?
Answer: Nazi Party
Question: Who wasn't to blame for communism and capitalism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What increased Germany’s need for Soviet goods?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What reduced Germany’s need for American tanks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which political group removed problems between the Soviet and German governments?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which political group created an alliance between the Soviet and German governments?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the aftermath of the failed coup, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of Bangui and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General François Bozizé was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.[citation needed]
Question: The failed coup caused what effects?
Answer: murder of many political opponents
Question: Which General was involved in another coup?
Answer: General François Bozizé
Question: Where did General Bozize flee to escape?
Answer: Chad
Question: When did Bozize finally attempt his coup?
Answer: March 2003
Question: Who succeeded in finally overthrowing Patasse?
Answer: Bozizé's forces
Question: After the surprise attack what did Libyan troops do in Bangui neighborhoods?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Patasse flee with his troops to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What action did Libyan troops take against Patasse when he was out of the country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was finally overthrown by troops from Chad?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who were murdered as a result of Bemba fleeing to Chad?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Richmond emerged a decade after the smoldering rubble of the Civil War to resume its position as an economic powerhouse, with iron front buildings and massive brick factories. Canal traffic peaked in the 1860s and slowly gave way to railroads, allowing Richmond to become a major railroad crossroads, eventually including the site of the world's first triple railroad crossing. Tobacco warehousing and processing continued to play a role, boosted by the world's first cigarette-rolling machine, invented by James Albert Bonsack of Roanoke in 1880/81. Contributing to Richmond's resurgence was the first successful electrically powered trolley system in the United States, the Richmond Union Passenger Railway. Designed by electric power pioneer Frank J. Sprague, the trolley system opened its first line in 1888, and electric streetcar lines rapidly spread to other cities across the country. Sprague's system used an overhead wire and trolley pole to collect current, with electric motors on the car's trucks. In Richmond, the transition from streetcars to buses began in May 1947 and was completed on November 25, 1949.
Question: What mode of transportation took over from the canals?
Answer: railroads
Question: What sort of railroad crossing was first built at Richmond?
Answer: triple
Question: Who was the inventor of the cigarette-rolling machine?
Answer: James Albert Bonsack
Question: From what city did James Bonsack originate?
Answer: Roanoke
Question: What was the name of the first American trolley system powered by electricity?
Answer: Richmond Union Passenger Railway |
Context: According to Forbes magazine, Oklahoma City-based Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation, and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related. Tulsa's ONEOK and Williams Companies are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to Fortune magazine. The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and Oklahoma Gas & Electric ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company.
Question: Which largest private oil companies are based in Oklahoma City?
Answer: Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation
Question: What industry are all of the Oklahoma-based Fortune 500 companies in?
Answer: energy
Question: What is the largest company in Oklahoma?
Answer: ONEOK
Question: What is the 2nd-largest company in Oklahoma?
Answer: Williams Companies
Question: Where is ONEOK based?
Answer: Tulsa |
Context: PAL, SECAM and NTSC frame rates technically apply only to analogue standard definition television, not to digital or high definition broadcasts. However, with the roll out of digital broadcasting, and later HDTV broadcasting, countries retained their heritage systems. HDTV in former PAL and SECAM countries operates at a frame rate of 25/50 Hz, while HDTV in former NTSC countries operates at 30/60 Hz.
Question: PAL, SECAM, and NTSC frame rates apply to what definition televisions?
Answer: analogue standard
Question: PAL, SECAM, and NTSC frame rates do not apply to what broadcasts?
Answer: digital or high definition
Question: In former PAL and SECAM countries, what frame rate does HDTV operate at?
Answer: 25/50 Hz
Question: In former NTSC countries, what frame rate does HDTV operate at?
Answer: 30/60 Hz
Question: PEL, CAM, and ETSC frame rates apply to what definition televisions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: PAL, SECAM, and NTSC frame rates do apply to what broadcasts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In former PAL and SECAM countries, what frame rate does SDTV operate at?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In former NTSC countries, what frame rate does SDTV operate at?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: For a period ending in the mid-20th century, long-serving cardinal priests were entitled to fill vacancies that arose among the cardinal bishops, just as cardinal deacons of ten years' standing are still entitled to become cardinal priests. Since then, cardinals have been advanced to cardinal bishop exclusively by papal appointment.
Question: What were long-serving cardinal priests entitled to do ending in the mid-fifteenth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are cardinal deacons of eight years standing still entitled to become?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who has not been advanced to cardinal bishop exclusively by papal appointment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How have cardinals been advance to cardinal priests?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who filled vacancies that arose among the cardinal priests?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Football and Cricket are the most popular sports among the younger generation in Nepal and there are several stadiums in the city. The sport is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA) from its headquarters in Kathmandu. The only international football stadium in the city is the Dasarath Rangasala Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium used mostly for football matches and cultural events, located in the neighborhood of Tripureshwor. It is the largest stadium in Nepal with a capacity of 25,000 spectators, built in 1956. Martyr's Memorial League is also held in this ground every year. The stadium was renovated with Chinese help before the 8th South Asian Games were held in Kathmandu and had floodlights installed. Kathmandu is home to the oldest football clubs of Nepal such as RCT, Sankata and NRT. Other prominent clubs include MMC, Machhindra FC, Tribhuwan Army Club (TAC) and MPC.
Question: Along with cricket, what sport is highly popular among Nepali youth?
Answer: Football
Question: What body oversees soccer in Nepal?
Answer: All Nepal Football Association
Question: How many people can fit in Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?
Answer: 25,000
Question: In what part of Kathmandu is Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located?
Answer: Tripureshwor
Question: Who assisted Nepal in renovating Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?
Answer: Chinese |
Context: The Bronx /ˈbrɒŋks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens. Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density.
Question: How many boroughs are in NYC?
Answer: five
Question: Where is the Bronx positioned among NYC boroughs?
Answer: northernmost
Question: What is the Bronx's population?
Answer: 1,438,159
Question: How large is the Bronx?
Answer: 42 square miles (109 km2)
Question: What is unique about the Bronx's location?
Answer: Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland |
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