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10.1172/jci.insight.121144 | The TAB1-p38α complex aggravates myocardial injury and can be targeted by small molecules | Inhibiting MAPK14 (p38α) diminishes cardiac damage in myocardial ischemia. During myocardial ischemia, p38α interacts with TAB1, a scaffold protein, which promotes p38α autoactivation; active p38α (pp38α) then transphosphorylates TAB1. Previously, we solved the X-ray structure of the p38α-TAB1 (residues 384-412) complex. Here, we further characterize the interaction by solving the structure of the pp38α-TAB1 (residues 1-438) complex in the active state. Based on this information, we created a global knock-in (KI) mouse with substitution of 4 residues on TAB1 that we show are required for docking onto p38α. Whereas ablating p38α or TAB1 resulted in early embryonal lethality, the TAB1-KI mice were viable and had no appreciable alteration in their lymphocyte repertoire or myocardial transcriptional profile; nonetheless, following in vivo regional myocardial ischemia, infarction volume was significantly reduced and the transphosphorylation of TAB1 was disabled. Unexpectedly, the activation of myocardial p38α during ischemia was only mildly attenuated in TAB1-KI hearts. We also identified a group of fragments able to disrupt the interaction between p38α and TAB1. We conclude that the interaction between the 2 proteins can be targeted with small molecules. The data reveal that it is possible to selectively inhibit signaling downstream of p38α to attenuate ischemic injury. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W746654591 | REKAYASA PROGRAM E-LEARNING FISIKASEBAGAI UPAYA MENGEFEKTIFKANPEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SMA | Intention of this research is to realize an physics e-learning program able to
improve motivation and effectiveness learn student physics. Physics have the
character of abstraction, mathematical and empirical, causing difficult student and
less enthusiastic learn physics, causing difficulty learn. In consequence in learning
physics require to learn effectiveties, and student need motivation to learn.
Conducive information technology to make e-learning program able to motivate
student learn. Computer provided with software can be used to realize e-learning.
Methodologies which is used in this research is, first of research to make Virtual
Classroom covering: Analysis, Design, Code, and is. Both/second is research to
see Virtual Classroom influence to motivation and effectiveness learn student,
covering sample and population, variable, items and materials,
appliance/instrument, way of collecting data, way of data analysis, and
examination of hypothesis. Sample counted 101 SMA student people given by
post-test and pre-test, result of test compared to. Result of research indicate that,
(1) information technology can be used to make e-learning system fulfilling
pedagogic order and method, that is functioning as information presentation
media in the form of text, graph, simulation, animation, practice, quantitative
analysis, direct feed back, active, reactive, giving instruction having the character
of individually, and others. So that student the five senses earn optimal in
knowledge construction, skill, and attitude. (2) E-Learning physics in the form of
Virtual Classroom can motivate student learn at level motivat / impel (Score
3,67) and have strong relation/link/hand in glove (score 3,89) with motivation
learn student, (3) Usage of e-learning physics in the form of Virtual Classroom
also can improve effectiveness learn student marked by make-up of mean assess
45%, complete improvement learn 45%, and make-up of absorpsion 45%. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
10.1016/j.cma.2013.01.006 | A diffuse interface method for complex three-dimensional free surface flows | In this article the weakly compressible two-phase diffuse interface method (DIM) for the simulation of complex two-dimensional non-hydrostatic free surface flows proposed by Dumbser in [24] is extended to three-dimensional unstructured tetrahedral meshes. As in the 2D case, a reduced version of the Baer-Nunziato model for compressible multiphase flows is used. The physical model is closed by the Tait equation of state for water and can be implemented easily into existing compressible codes based on high resolution shock capturing finite volume schemes. Since the proposed model is fully three-dimensional, it includes the fluid accelerations in gravity direction and hence does not assume a hydrostatic pressure distribution, like the classical shallow water equations. Furthermore, the 3D two-phase model can naturally deal also with breaking waves. To solve the system of conservation laws of mass and momentum coupled with the non-conservative evolution equation of the fluid volume fraction, a high order path-conservative one-step WENO finite volume scheme is applied, together with a new generalized Osher-type Riemann solver at the element interfaces. The accurate Riemann solver in combination with a high order finite volume approach leads to a simple but sharp resolution of the free surface. A thorough comparison of experimental reference data with the computational results obtained for a large set of three-dimensional test cases shows the suitability of the present approach for the accurate simulation of complex three-dimensional free surface flows. The use of a compressible flow model allows the method to simulate both, low speed and high speed free surface flow problems, which makes the approach applicable to a very wide class of environmental and industrial free surface flow problems. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1016/j.actamat.2017.11.056 | Fracture toughness, fracture energy and slow crack growth of glass as investigated by the Single-Edge Precracked Beam (SEPB) and Chevron-Notched Beam (CNB) methods | We show that the Single-Edge Precracked Beam (SEPB) test is not only suitable to the determination of the fracture toughness (KIc) of glass, but also offers a unique opportunity to assess the slow crack growth behavior in a single experiment lasting for few minutes. Besides, we found that it is possible to get either a stable or an unstable final fracture regime (pre-cracked specimen) depending on the testing parameters, and that the unstable case is preferable for the estimation of KIc. The “pop-in” precrack was found mostly to close completely once the load was suppressed on the bridge-flexure device. This led to a reopening event on the loading curves. It is noteworthy that all these original observations were made possible thanks to the design of a very stiff testing apparatus (6. 7 MN m−1) allowing for a cross-head speed as small as 0. 01 μm s−1. Results obtained on four grades of commercially available glasses are compared to those stemming from Vickers indentation cracking and chevron notched experiments. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1155/2012/502930 | Gap Nanoantennas toward Molecular Plasmonic Devices | Recently we have demonstrated that single fluorescent molecules can be used as non-perturbative vectorial probes of the local field. Here, we expand on such experiments exploiting fluorescence lifetime of single molecules to probe various types of gap nanoantennas. First, studies of the nanoantennas are carried out to evaluate the electric field. We then investigate hybrid systems composed by nanoantennas and randomly positioned fluorescent molecules. Finally, we present a fabrication scheme for the controlled placement of fluorescent molecules at welldefined positions with respect to the dimer nanoantenna, which is a more direct route to probe the local field in ana prioridetermined way. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
EP 2007000102 W | METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR MAPPING LOGICAL IDENTIFIERS TO PHYSICAL IDENTIFIERS IN CONFIGURATION DATA OF A RECONFIGURABLE DEVICE | Reconfigurable circuits with configuration data loaders are described herein. The configuration data loaders are adapted to enable on circuit finalization of configuration data provided in symbolic form, not fully resolved. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00564 | On-Chip Optimal Stokes Nanopolarimetry Based on Spin-Orbit Interaction of Light | Full measurement of the polarization of light at the nanoscale is expected to be crucial in many scientific and technological disciplines. Ideally, such measurements will require miniaturized Stokes polarimeters able to determine polarization nondestructively, locally, and in real time. For maximum robustness in measurement, the polarimeters should also operate optimally. Recent approaches making use of plasmonic nanostructures or metasurfaces are not able to fulfill all these requirements simultaneously. Here, we propose and demonstrate a method for subwavelength-footprint Stokes nanopolarimetry based on spin-orbit interaction of light. The method, which basically consists on a subwavelength scatterer coupled to a (set of) multimode waveguide(s), can fully determine the state of polarization satisfying all the previous features. Remarkably, the nanopolarimetry technique can operate optimally (we design a nanopolarimeter whose polarization basis spans 99. 7% of the maximum tetrahedron volume inside the Poincaré sphere) over a broad bandwidth. Although here experimentally demonstrated on a silicon chip at telecom wavelengths, spin-orbit interaction-based nanopolarimetry is a universal concept to be applied in any wavelength regime or technological platform. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1137/110832392 | Noise Induced Behaviors In Neural Mean Field Dynamics | The collective behavior of cortical neurons is strongly affected by the presence of noise at the level of individual cells. In order to study these phenomena in large-scale assemblies of neurons, we consider networks of firing-rate neurons with linear intrinsic dynamics and nonlinear coupling, belonging to a few types of cell populations and receiving noisy currents. As the number of neurons tends to infinity, asymptotic equations (mean field equations) are rigorously derived based on a probabilistic approach. These equations are implicit on the probability distribution of the solutions, which generally makes their direct analysis difficult. However, in our case, the solutions are Gaussian, and their moments satisfy a closed system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which are much easier to study than the original stochastic network equations, and the statistics of the empirical process uniformly converge towards the solutions of these ODEs. Based on this description, we analytically and. . . | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.3384/vs.2001-5992.1312161 | The Conditional Sink: Counterfactual Display in the Valuation of a Carbon Offsetting Reforestation Project | This paper examines counterfactual display in the valuation of carbon offsetting projects. Considered a legitimate way to encourage climate change mitigation, such projects rely on the establishment of procedures for the prospective assessment of their capacity to become carbon sinks. This requires imagining possible worlds and assessing their plausibility. The world inhabited by the project is articulated through conditional formulation and subjected to what we call “counterfactual display”: the production and circulation of documents that demonstrate and con!gure the counterfactual valuation. We present a case study on one carbon offsetting reforestation project in the Democratic Republic of Congo. We analyse the construction of the scene that allows the “What would have happened” question to make sense and become actionable. We highlight the operations of calculative framing that this requires, the reality constraints it relies upon, and the entrepreneurial conduct it stimulates. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02192 | Colloidal CuFeS<inf>2</inf> nanocrystals: Intermediate Fe d-band leads to high photothermal conversion efficiency | We describe the colloidal hot-injection synthesis of phase-pure nanocrystals (NCs) of a highly abundant mineral, chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Absorption bands centered at around 480 and 950 nm, spanning almost the entire visible and near-infrared regions, encompass their optical extinction characteristics. These peaks are ascribable to electronic transitions from the valence band (VB) to the empty intermediate band (IB), located in the fundamental gap and mainly composed of Fe 3d orbitals. Laser-irradiation (at 808 nm) of an aqueous suspension of CuFeS2 NCs exhibited significant heating, with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 49%. Such efficient heating is ascribable to the carrier relaxation within the broad IB band (owing to the indirect VB-IB gap), as corroborated by transient absorption measurements. The intense absorption and high photothermal transduction efficiency (PTE) of these NCs in the so-called biological window (650-900 nm) make them suitable for photothermal therapy as demonstrated by tumor cell annihilation upon laser irradiation. The otherwise harmless nature of these NCs in dark conditions was confirmed by in vitro toxicity tests on two different cell lines. The presence of the deep Fe levels constituting the IB is the origin of such enhanced PTE, which can be used to design other high performing NC photothermal agents. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.3389/fphys.2020.00762 | Heart Rate Variability Synchronizes When Non-experts Vocalize Together | Singing and chanting are ubiquitous across World cultures. It has been theorized that such practices are an adaptive advantage for humans because they facilitate bonding and cohesion between group members. Investigations into the effects of singing together have so far focused on the physiological effects, such as the synchronization of heart rate variability (HRV), of experienced choir singers. Here, we study whether HRV synchronizes for pairs of non-experts in different vocalizing conditions. Using time-frequency coherence (TFC) analysis, we find that HRV becomes more coupled when people make long (> 10 s) sounds synchronously compared to short sounds (< 1 s) and baseline measurements (p < 0. 01). Furthermore, we find that, although most of the effect can be attributed to respiratory sinus arrhythmia, some HRV synchronization persists when the effect of respiration is removed: long notes show higher partial TFC than baseline and breathing (p < 0. 05). In addition, we observe that, for most dyads, the frequency of the vocalization onsets matches that of the peaks in the TFC spectra, even though these frequencies are above the typical range of 0. 04–0. 4 Hz. A clear correspondence between high HRV coupling and the subjective experience of “togetherness" was not found. These results suggest that since autonomic physiological entrainment is observed for non-expert singing, it may be exploited as part of interventions in music therapy or social prescription programs for the general population. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
10.1016/j.gde.2014.06.005 | Environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of male infertility | Decreasing male fertility has been observed for the past fifty years. Examples of affected reproductive parameters include decreases in sperm count and sperm quality and increases in testicular cancer, cryptorchidism and hypospadias. Exposures to environmental toxicants during fetal development and early postnatal life have been shown to promote infertility. Environmental exposures inducing epigenetic changes related to male infertility range from life style, occupational exposures, environmental toxicants and nutrition. Exposures during fetal gonadal sex determination have been shown to alter the epigenetic programming of the germline that then can transmit this altered epigenetic information to subsequent generations in the absence of any exposures. This environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease will be a component of the etiology of male infertility. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
W1979635268 | Intratracheally instilled mannosylated cationic liposome/NFκB decoy complexes for effective prevention of LPS-induced lung inflammation | The nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway is a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of lung inflammation. NFκB is critically responsible for the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators following activation. The specific inhibition of NFκB by a NFκB decoy via inhalation appears to improve therapeutic effects. However, administration of naked NFκB decoy limits the efficacy of the decoy strategy due to low targeting ability to immune cells such as alveolar macrophages. In this study, we have assessed the effect of alveolar macrophage-targeted NFκB decoy by mannosylated (Man) cationic liposomes in a LPS-induced lung inflammation model after intratracheal administration. The complex of Man-cationic liposome/NFκB decoy was physically stable during spraying. Man-cationic liposome/NFκB decoy complex was selectively delivered to alveolar macrophages for subsequent localization of NFκB decoy in the cytoplasm and to a lesser extent in the nucleus. In the LPS-induced lung inflammation model, pre-treatment with Man-cationic liposome/50μg NFκB decoy complex significantly inhibited the release of TNF-α, IL-1β and CINC-1, neutrophil infiltration and NFκB activation compared with naked NFκB decoy, cationic liposome/NFκB decoy complex and Man-cationic liposome/scrambled decoy complex treatments. This study demonstrates the sufficient targeting of NFκB decoy using Man-cationic liposomes in a novel effective anti-inflammatory therapy for lung inflammation. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
336608 | Neither visitors, nor colonial victims: Muslims in Interwar Europe and European Trans-cultural History | No comprehensive attempt has yet been made to cover the history of Muslims in interwar Europe. Historians of the modern Middle East underestimate the role of interwar Muslim actors in writing a history of Islam, whereas historians of Europe underestimate their role in intra-European developments. Existing works focus either on the nineteenth-century Muslim travelers, diplomats, students and residents or on the later post-World War II influx of Muslim immigrant workers.
Based on personal and official archives, memoirs, press writings and correspondences, this project analyses the multiple aspects of the global Muslim religious, political and intellectual affiliations in interwar Europe, broadly defined. How did Muslims in interwar Europe act and interact among each other; and within the European socio-political and cultural context? The project answers this question by studying the intellectual and religio-political roles played by Muslim “intellectual agents” during the interwar years and up until the rest of World War II (1918-1946).
We hypothesize that histoire croisée (entangled history) is the most appropriate approach to study the encounters and experiences of Muslim actors in interwar Europe from within. By exploring the complex relationship between the historical data and the social, political, theological and cultural patterns of Muslims as a new social structure in interwar Europe, the study represents a step towards a systematic global approach of Muslim connections in interwar Europe.
The project contributes to our historical conceptualization of Europe itself as much as to our understanding of the contemporary scene of Islam in Europe and the world today, without resorting to a neatly tailored hypothesis. Many Muslim groups in the West nowadays still trace their heritage to the ideas of the great reformers of the early 20th century. More historical reflection on Islam in Europe can put the present “fear"" for Islamization of the West into perspective. | [
"The Study of the Human Past",
"Studies of Cultures and Arts"
]
|
2728011 | Worldwide unique biofeedback system for non-invasive vertigo therapy and fall prevention | Vertigo (dizziness) is the second most common symptom in medicine, causing 30% of all people worldwide to be treated at least once in their lifetime. It is caused by a disturbance of the balance organ in our inner ear and has a significant impact on our everyday life, making many activities very hard or even impossible. However, through effective balance training, the human brain is capable to compensate for the wrong sensory information and can ultimately overcome vertigo.
Unfortunately, current treatment options show severe shortcomings regarding costs, availability, and effectiveness of training. To overcome this problem, GED has developed EQUIVert. EQUIVert is the personal balance trainer for the home and professional use. It is a headphone with integrated position sensor and gesture control. It provides real-time acoustic biofeedback through sound to give the user conscious access to the otherwise unconscious combination of balance and depth sensitivity.
EQUIVert is a complete system and ready to use. All exercises and training programmes are already preinstalled in the audio guide and it dynamically adapts the exercises to training progress and individual form. The major benefits for the users are the low purchase price, the effectiveness of the training, the ease of use, and the possibility to train anytime and anywhere.
With over 100 million potential patients in Europe and the US, of which most are not or not properly treated right now, EQUIVert has a huge market creating potential. GED is planning a parallel market introduction, addressing private patients with an individual training device and healthcare physicians with a diagnosis support device. Following the already ongoing registration as medical device, EQUIVert will initially be introduced into the Central European market, shortly followed by an expansion across Europe and the US. A total of 22 new employees and an accumulated turnover of EUR 16 million is foreseen until the end of 2024. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W3025093889 | Use of native plants for ornamental purposes to conserve plant biodiversity: Case of study of Majella National Park | Abstract The Majella National Park in Italy, through its ex situ plant conservation facilities (seed bank, botanical gardens and nurseries) plays an important role in preventing biodiversity loss, especially those rare and endemic species. Among the various conservation strategies, the Park developed a useful way to increase ex situ collections through a nursery chain and selling/giving indigenous species to the local people and community also for ornamental purposes. To date, more than 500 individuals of indigenous species are given every year. This spread of native plants contributes to the diffusion of the rare and endemic species in the protected area and its surroundings enhancing their survival chances. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering"
]
|
10.1021/cr5002782 | Bond activation and catalysis by ruthenium pincer complexes | Activation of inert chemical bonds by transition metal complexes is an area of utmost importance. Efficient bond activation can provide a leading entry to successful catalytic design with the potential of providing greener synthetic methods for useful products. These coordinatively saturated and unsaturated ruthenium pincer complexes with heteroaromatic and aliphatic backbones developed in recent years exhibit new reactivities, activate strong chemical bonds, and act as efficient catalysts for several synthetic methods including unprecedented green transformations, the pivotal interest of this Review. One of the characteristic properties of pincer complexes is the ability to stabilize low valent metal complexes with uncommon geometries. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.1063/1.5131730 | Fast Destruction Of Singlet Order In Nmr Experiments | Some nuclear spin systems support long-lived states, which display greatly extended relaxation times relative to the relaxation time of nuclear spin magnetization. In spin-1/2 pairs, such a long-lived state is given by singlet order, representing the difference of the population of the nuclear singlet state and the mean population of the three triplets. In many cases, the experiments with long-lived singlet order are very time-consuming because of the need to wait for singlet order decay before the experiment can be repeated; otherwise, spin order remaining from a previous measurement may lead to experimental artifacts. Here, we propose techniques for fast and efficient singlet order destruction. These methods exploit coherent singlet-triplet conversion; in some cases, multiple conversion steps are introduced. We demonstrate that singlet order destruction enables a dramatic reduction of the waiting time between consecutive experiments and suggest to use this approach in singlet-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments with nearly equivalent spins. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.1109/ISIT.2017.8006794 | On Lossy Compression Of Binary Matrices | We consider lossy compression of random binary matrices under distortion constraints that strive to preserve the structure of the matrix. Specifically, we assume that matrix elements are statistically independent (but not necessarily identically distributed), and that the worst case row/column average distortion is to be controlled. We discuss a natural notion of matrix types termed (R, c)-type, and provide various results concerning its probability and cardinality, as well as a “Sanov-type” result, in the spirit of the method-of-types. We then derive bounds on the associated matrix ratedistortion function via a suitable matrix version of the covering lemma. | [
"Mathematics",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.3389/fmicb.2020.572921 | Gut Microbiota Resilience: Definition, Link to Health and Strategies for Intervention | The gut microbiota is a new frontier in health and disease. Not only many diseases are associated with perturbed microbiota, but an increasing number of studies point to a cause-effect relationship. Defining a healthy microbiota is not possible at the current state of our knowledge mostly because of high interindividual variability. A resilient microbiota could be used as surrogate for healthy microbiota. In addition, the gut microbiota is an “organ” with frontline exposure to environmental changes and insults. During the lifetime of an individual, it is exposed to challenges such as unhealthy diet, medications and infections. Impaired ability to bounce back to the pre-challenge baseline may lead to dysbiosis. It is therefore legitimate to postulate that maintaining a resilient microbiota may be important for health. Here we review the concept of resilience, what is known about the characteristics of a resilient microbiota, and how to assess microbiota resilience experimentally using a model of high fat diet challenge in humans. Interventions to maintain microbiota resilience can be guided by the knowledge of what microbial species or functions are perturbed by challenges, and designed to replace diminished species with probiotics, when available, or boost them with prebiotics. Fibers with multiple structures and composition can also be used to increase microbiota diversity, a characteristic of the microbiota that may be associated with resilience. We finally discuss some open questions and knowledge gaps. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.120401 | Noisy metrology beyond the standard quantum limit | Parameter estimation is of fundamental importance in areas from atomic spectroscopy and atomic clocks to gravitational wave detection. Entangled probes provide a significant precision gain over classical strategies in the absence of noise. However, recent results seem to indicate that any small amount of realistic noise restricts the advantage of quantum strategies to an improvement by at most a multiplicative constant. Here, we identify a relevant scenario in which one can overcome this restriction and attain superclassical precision scaling even in the presence of uncorrelated noise. We show that precision can be significantly enhanced when the noise is concentrated along some spatial direction, while the Hamiltonian governing the evolution which depends on the parameter to be estimated can be engineered to point along a different direction. In the case of perpendicular orientation, we find superclassical scaling and identify a state which achieves the optimum. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/48 | The Phase Space Of Z 1 2 Sparcs Clusters Using Herschel To Probe Dust Temperature As A Function Of Environment And Accretion History | We present a five-band Herschel study (100–500 μm) of three galaxy clusters at z ~ 1. 2 from the Spitzer Adaptation of the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey. With a sample of 120 spectroscopically confirmed cluster members, we investigate the role of environment on galaxy properties utilizing the projected cluster phase space (line-of-sight velocity versus clustercentric radius), which probes the time-averaged galaxy density to which a galaxy has been exposed. We divide cluster galaxies into phase-space bins of r/r_(200) x Δv/σ_v, tracing a sequence of accretion histories in phase space. Stacking optically star-forming cluster members on the Herschel maps, we measure average infrared star formation rates, and, for the first time in high-redshift galaxy clusters, dust temperatures for dynamically distinct galaxy populations—namely, recent infalls and those that were accreted onto the cluster at an earlier epoch. Proceeding from the infalling to virialized (central) regions of phase space, we find a steady decrease in the specific star formation rate and increase in the stellar age of star-forming cluster galaxies. We perform a probability analysis to investigate all acceptable infrared spectral energy distributions within the full parameter space and measure a ~4σ drop in the average dust temperature of cluster galaxies in an intermediate phase-space bin, compared to an otherwise flat trend with phase space. We suggest one plausible quenching mechanism which may be consistent with these trends, invoking ram-pressure stripping of the warmer dust for galaxies within this intermediate accretion phase. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1038/cr.2015.68 | Metabolic reprogramming in macrophages and dendritic cells in innate immunity | Activation of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) by pro-inflammatory stimuli causes them to undergo a metabolic switch towards glycolysis and away from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), similar to the Warburg effect in tumors. However, it is only recently that the mechanisms responsible for this metabolic reprogramming have been elucidated in more detail. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role under conditions of both hypoxia and normoxia. The withdrawal of citrate from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle has been shown to be critical for lipid biosynthesis in both macrophages and DCs. Interference with this process actually abolishes the ability of DCs to activate T cells. Another TCA cycle intermediate, succinate, activates HIF-1α and promotes inflammatory gene expression. These new insights are providing us with a deeper understanding of the role of metabolic reprogramming in innate immunity. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b02776 | Methods and Protocols for Reliable Electrochemical Testing in Post-Li Batteries (Na, K, Mg, and Ca) | While less mature than the Li-ion battery, technologies based on Na, K, Mg, and Ca are attracting more and more attention from the battery community. New material (cathode, anode, or electrolyte) testing for these post-Li systems commonly involves the use of an electrochemical setup called a half-cell in which metal counter and reference electrodes are used. Here we first describe the different issues that become critical when moving away from Li with respect to the cell hardware (cell design, current collector, separator, insulator) and the nature of the counter and reference electrodes. Workarounds are given, and a versatile setup is proposed to run reliable electrochemical tests for post-Li battery materials in general, in a broad range of electrolyte compositions. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1098/rsta.2017.0325 | Transforming graph states using single-qubit operations | Stabilizer states form an important class of states in quantum information, and are of central importance in quantum error correction. Here, we provide an algorithm for deciding whether one stabilizer (target) state can be obtained from another stabilizer (source) state by single-qubit Clifford operations (LC), single-qubit Pauli measurements (LPM) and classical communication (CC) between sites holding the individual qubits. What is more, we provide a recipe to obtain the sequence of LC+LPM+CC operations which prepare the desired target state from the source state, and show how these operations can be applied in parallel to reach the target state in constant time. Our algorithm has applications in quantum networks, quantum computing, and can also serve as a design tool—for example, to find transformations between quantum error correcting codes. We provide a software implementation of our algorithm that makes this tool easier to apply. A key insight leading to our algorithm is to show that the problem is equivalent to one in graph theory, which is to decide whether some graph G ′ is a vertex-minor of another graph G . The vertex-minor problem is, in general, -Complete, but can be solved efficiently on graphs which are not too complex. A measure of the complexity of a graph is the rank-width which equals the Schmidt-rank width of a subclass of stabilizer states called graph states, and thus intuitively is a measure of entanglement. Here, we show that the vertex-minor problem can be solved in time O (| G | 3 ), where | G | is the size of the graph G , whenever the rank-width of G and the size of G ′ are bounded. Our algorithm is based on techniques by Courcelle for solving fixed parameter tractable problems, where here the relevant fixed parameter is the rank width. The second half of this paper serves as an accessible but far from exhausting introduction to these concepts, that could be useful for many other problems in quantum information. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Foundations of quantum mechanics and their impact on contemporary society’. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Mathematics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/12/043 | Galaxy Bias And Primordial Non Gaussianity | We present a systematic study of galaxy biasing in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity. For a large class of non-Gaussian initial conditions, we define a general bias expansion and prove that it is closed under renormalization, thereby showing that the basis of operators in the expansion is complete. We then study the effects of primordial non-Gaussianity on the statistics of galaxies. We show that the equivalence principle enforces a relation between the scale-dependent bias in the galaxy power spectrum and that in the dipolar part of the bispectrum. This provides a powerful consistency check to confirm the primordial origin of any observed scale-dependent bias. Finally, we also discuss the imprints of anisotropic non-Gaussianity as motivated by recent studies of higher-spin fields during inflation. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
Q3836792 | Desarrollo de IT Soft 2017 Ltd. mediante el desarrollo de software estándar para ver contenido multimedia online | IT Soft 2017 Ltd. está registrada a finales de 2017 en la ciudad de Pleven, ya que la única propietaria es una mujer de 61 años. La actividad principal de la empresa es: software de publicación. La actividad de IT Soft 2017 Ltd. entra dentro de la definición de los emprendedores en la fase de puesta en marcha, que definen su producto como nuevo para un determinado sector de usuarios, que no es ofrecido por muchos otros representantes empresariales. El objeto de esta propuesta de proyecto es el desarrollo de IT Soft 2017 Ltd. a través de la creación de un equipo de expertos y la compra de FTA y ADN con el fin de desarrollar software estándar para la visualización de contenidos multimedia en línea de diversas fuentes de Internet. El producto del programa está destinado a uso general y no tendrá en cuenta los detalles de la actividad específica del usuario: particulares y clientes corporativos (operadores de cable, empresas de seguridad, videovigilancia, etc.). El software se desarrollará como una aplicación móvil que se comercializará. Las licencias para particulares serán gratuitas. Como un nicho de mercado con mayor potencial para la realización de la idea emprendedora a corto plazo, se define el sector de las telecomunicaciones. La actividad empresarial descrita se inscribe en las direcciones prioritarias de las áreas temáticas de la ESIS y más precisamente en «Informática y TIC» y en particular en «aplicaciones web, híbridas y»nativas«, aplicaciones basadas en la web para la creación y operación de nuevos servicios y productos».Las principales actividades que se llevarán a cabo son:1) Actividad para la comercialización de una idea empresarial — Software estándar para la visualización del proyecto de contenidos multimedia en línea 2) Visualización. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
3731748 | Taming non-equilibrium quantum matter | Recent experimental breakthroughs led to realization of tunable, synthetic quantum systems that allow one to probe and manipulate highly non-equilibrium quantum matter. Driving a system ouf-of-equilibrium changes its properties in unexpected ways, opening opportunities for realizing new states of matter. The central goal of this project is to develop a fundamental theoretical understanding of non-equilibrium dynamics and highly excited eigenstates in quantum many-body systems. The conventional wisdom tells that a non-equilibrium system thermalizes, and can then be described by statistical-mechanics. However, recent breakthroughs revealed an experimentally relevant class of systems, the prime example being disordered, many-body localized (MBL) systems, which defy this wisdom, avoiding thermalization. Ergodicity-breaking systems open new avenues for protecting quantum coherence, and for realizing new non-equilibrium phases of matter. We will study the fundamental mechanisms of ergodicity breaking using a multi-disciplinary approach, which builds on techniques from quantum information, condensed matter physics, quantum optics and mathematical physics. We aim to establish universality classes of quantum dynamics, by studying disordered systems with symmetries, and by characterizing entirely new mechanisms of ergodicity breaking, such as quantum many-body scars. In order to overcome the exponential growth of the many-body Hilbert space, new efficient renormalization and tensor-network methods based on quantum entanglement will be developed. Finally, approaches for manipulating quantum matter and realizing new non-equilibrium phases in ongoing experiments will be developed.
The completion of this project will lead to a universal theoretical framework for non-equilibrium quantum dynamics, complementing statistical-mechanics in ergodic systems. Such a framework will enable engineering quantum-coherent many-body states with novel properties and functionalities. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Mathematics"
]
|
W1969958262 | Brain Tumor Therapy-Induced Changes in Normal-Appearing Brainstem Measured With Longitudinal Diffusion Tensor Imaging | To characterize therapy-induced changes in normal-appearing brainstems of childhood brain tumor patients by serial diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).We analyzed 109 DTI studies from 20 brain tumor patients, aged 4 to 23 years, with normal-appearing brainstems included in the treatment fields. Those with medulloblastomas, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (n = 10) received postoperative craniospinal irradiation (23.4-39.6 Gy) and a cumulative dose of 55.8 Gy to the primary site, followed by four cycles of high-dose chemotherapy. Patients with high-grade gliomas (n = 10) received erlotinib during and after irradiation (54-59.4 Gy). Parametric maps of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were computed and spatially registered to three-dimensional radiation dose data. Volumes of interest included corticospinal tracts, medial lemnisci, and the pons. Serving as an age-related benchmark for comparison, 37 DTI studies from 20 healthy volunteers, aged 6 to 25 years, were included in the analysis.The median DTI follow-up time was 3.5 years (range, 1.6-5.0 years). The median mean dose to the pons was 56 Gy (range, 7-59 Gy). Three patterns were seen in longitudinal FA and apparent diffusion coefficient changes: (1) a stable or normal developing time trend, (2) initial deviation from normal with subsequent recovery, and (3) progressive deviation without evidence of complete recovery. The maximal decline in FA often occurred 1.5 to 3.5 years after the start of radiation therapy. A full recovery time trend could be observed within 4 years. Patients with incomplete recovery often had a larger decline in FA within the first year. Radiation dose alone did not predict long-term recovery patterns.Variations existed among individual patients after therapy in longitudinal evolution of brainstem white matter injury and recovery. Early response in brainstem anisotropy may serve as an indicator of the recovery time trend over 5 years after radiation therapy. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
W2203970240 | Negative response of photosynthesis to natural and projected high seawater temperatures estimated by pulse amplitude modulation fluorometry in a temperate coral | Balanophyllia europaea is a shallow water solitary zooxanthellate coral, endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. Extensive field studies across a latitudinal temperature gradient highlight detrimental effects of rising temperatures on its growth, demography, and skeletal characteristics, suggesting that depression of photosynthesis at high temperatures might cause these negative effects. Here we test this hypothesis by analyzing, by means of pulse amplitude modulation fluorometry, the photosynthetic efficiency of B. europaea specimens exposed in aquaria to the annual range of temperatures experienced in the field (13, 18, and 28°C), and two extreme temperatures expected for 2100 as a consequence of global warming (29 and 32°C). The indicators of photosynthetic performance analyzed (maximum and effective quantum yield) showed that maximum efficiency was reached at 20.0-21.6°C, slightly higher than the annual mean temperature in the field (18°C). Photosynthetic efficiency decreased from 20.0 to 13°C and even more strongly from 21.6 to 32°C. An unusual form of bleaching was observed, with a maximum zooxanthellae density at 18°C that strongly decreased from 18 to 32°C. Chlorophyll a concentration per zooxanthellae cell showed an opposite trend as it was minimal at 18°C and increased from 18 to 32°C. Since the areal chlorophyll concentration is the product of the zooxanthellae density and its cellular content, these trends resulted in a homogeneous chlorophyll concentration per coral surface across temperature treatments. This confirms that B. europaea photosynthesis is progressively depressed at temperatures >21.6°C, supporting previous hypotheses raised by the studies on growth and demography of this species. This study also confirms the threats posed to this species by the ongoing seawater warming. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
725456 | Next Steps in Cosmology with CMB Spectral Distortions | The average spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) has long been known to be extremely close to a perfect blackbody. Yet, several processes, standard and non-standard, exist that may cause deviations from a blackbody spectrum, commonly referred to as CMB spectral distortions. Classical distortion shapes are known as Compton-y and chemical potential (µ-type) distortions; however, recently it has been shown that more general distortions can be created at redshifts 10^4 < z < 3×10^5. This makes spectral distortions a unique and powerful probe of different early-universe processes. The immense potential of CMB spectral distortion measurements and their synergies with upcoming CMB anisotropy studies (Litebird, COrE+, Stage-IV CMB) has identified them as an important future target, with several innovative experimental concepts (e.g., PIXIE, APSERa) being actively discussed by the cosmology community.
This proposal has one main goal: to transform the emerging field of CMB spectral distortions into a mature scientific discipline. The team will significantly expand and strengthen the spectral distortion science case with particular emphasis on novel time-dependent information from the recombination era (10^3 < z < 10^4) and various photon injection processes. By combining all available information, we will investigate what spectral distortions could teach us about early-universe physics and the cosmological ionization history. Novel foreground parameterizations and experimental setups will be studied and simulation pipelines will be developed. Our work could deliver new tests for inflation, reionization and particle physics as well as extend our ability to distinguish sources of different distortion signals in the presence of foregrounds. We will identify novel spectral distortion science goals that will drive the experimental designs of future CMB spectroscopy experiments, pioneering and facilitating spectral distortion activities in Europe and worldwide. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.1016/j.chieco.2014.04.008 | Challenges of working with the Chinese NBS firm-level data | Over the reform period, industry has been the source of 40% of GDP, and has contributed 90% of China's exports. Annual firm-level surveys that begin in 1992, complemented with industry-wide census in 1995, 2004 and 2008, are rich sources of data on firm behavior. It is well-known that working with Chinese data requires overcoming difficult measurement issues. Macroeconomic series, for example, are often suspected of suffering from reporting bias and political interference. Working with the firm-level data has its own challenges. In this paper, we provide an introduction to these data sets. We discuss and illustrate several of the issues that make comparability over time difficult and suggest solutions. The importance of a particular measurement issue often depends on the exact application. We illustrate this point by tracing the evolution of the relative productivity level of entrants and incumbents over time, distinguishing between changes in actual performance and changes driven by measurement problems. We conclude by identifying a few promising areas of future research and margins on which collaboration among users to improve these data might be beneficial. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
259286 | Characterizing and Controlling Carbon Nanomaterials | The aim of this project is to understand and control the fundamental physical properties of novel carbon nanomaterials:
carbon nanotubes and graphene. By a combination of complementary methods, i.e. vibrational spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and theoretical modelling, a comprehensive understanding of the electronic, vibrational, optical properties, and their connection with the material’s structure will be obtained. A diagnostics “toolbox” will be established on the materials in
their most unperturbed, ideal states. Taking the results as reference, the materials will be studied under conditions relevant when incorporated into devices. These include imperfections of the materials and interaction with different environments, with other carbon nanotubes/graphene, and with extrinsic materials introduced during device processing. The gained insight and understanding on a fundamental level will also advance technological routes for scaling up carbon-nanomaterial electronic device fabrication, which is still lacking sufficient control over selectivity towards the desired physical properties. Control over the electronic and optical properties will be sought through deliberately induced interactions and chemical functionalization
of the materials. The project benefits from close collaborations between experimental and theoretical physics, chemistry, and materials science. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1093/nar/gku544 | Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs contribute to pluripotency by inhibiting regulators of multiple differentiation pathways | The findings that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential for early development in many species and that embryonic miRNAs can reprogram somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells suggest that these miRNAs act directly on transcriptional and chromatin regulators of pluripotency. To elucidate the transcription regulatory networks immediately downstream of embryonic miRNAs, we extended the motif activity response analysis approach that infers the regulatory impact of both transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs from genome-wide expression states. Applying this approach to multiple experimental data sets generated from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that did or did not express miRNAs of the ESC-specific miR-290-295 cluster, we identified multiple TFs that are direct miRNA targets, some of which are known to be active during cell differentiation. Our results provide new insights into the transcription regulatory network downstream of ESC-specific miRNAs, indicating that these miRNAs act on cell cycle and chromatin regulators at several levels and downregulate TFs that are involved in the innate immune response. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W1972178730 | Design and Implementation of In-Circuit Programming for Flash Memory in HCS08 MCU Family | On the basis of analysis of the characteristics of flash memory in HCS08 MCU family, how to perform program and erase operations are demonstrated during in-circuit programming of flash memory in HCS08 MCU family. In order to solve the unstable problem during in-circuit programming of flash memory, three methods are put forward. After studying on the features of the three methods, the implementation of the methods is given. During the debugging, MC9S08AW60 MCU is chose to verify the feasibility of the methods, and the experiment experience is supplied. The paper plays an importance role in in-circuit programming of flash memory in HCS08 MCU family. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1038/s41598-019-41679-z | Cognitive correlates of abnormal myelination in psychosis | Psychotic illness has consistently been associated with deficits in cognitive function and reduced white matter integrity in the brain. However, the link between white matter disruptions and deficits in cognitive domains remains poorly understood. We assessed cognitive performance and white matter myelin water fraction (MWF) using multicomponent driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT) in recent-onset psychosis patients and age-matched healthy controls (HC). Psychosis patients showed deficits in working memory, phonological and semantic fluency, general intelligence quotient and reduced MWF in the left temporal white matter compared to HC. MWF in the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus was positively associated with intelligence quotient and verbal fluency in patients, and fully mediated group differences in performance in both phonological and semantic verbal fluency. There was no association between working memory and MWF in the left temporal white matter. Negative symptoms demonstrated a negative association with MWF within the left inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi. These findings indicate that psychosis-related deficits in distinct cognitive domains, such as verbal fluency and working memory, are not underpinned by a single common dysfunction in white matter connectivity. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1126/scitranslmed.aad1863 | Sources of HIV infection among men having sex with men and implications for prevention | New HIV diagnoses amongmen having sex withmen (MSM) have not decreased appreciably in most countries, even though care and prevention services have been scaled up substantially in the past 20 years. Tomaximize the impact of prevention strategies, it is crucial to quantify the sources of transmission at the population level. We used viral sequence and clinical patient data from one of Europe's nationwide cohort studies to estimate probable sources of transmission for 617 recently infected MSM. Seventy-one percent of transmissions were from undiagnosed men, 6% from men who had initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART), 1%frommen with no contact to care for at least 18months, and 43% fromthose in their first year of infection. The lack of substantial reductions in incidence among DutchMSM is not a result of ineffective ART provision or inadequate retention in care. In counterfactualmodeling scenarios, 19% of these past cases could have been averted with current annual testing coverage and immediate ART to those testing positive. Sixty-six percent of these cases could have been averted with available antiretrovirals (immediate ART provided to allMSM testing positive, and preexposure antiretroviral prophylaxis taken by half of all who test negative for HIV), but only if half of all men at risk of transmission had tested annually. With increasing sequence coverage, molecular epidemiological analyses can be a key tool to direct HIV prevention strategies to the predominant sources of infection, and help send HIV epidemics among MSM into a decisive decline. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.3791/50883 | Use of pHluorin to assess the dynamics of axon guidance receptors in cell culture and in the chick embryo | During development, axon guidance receptors play a crucial role in regulating axons sensitivity to both attractive and repulsive cues. Indeed, activation of the guidance receptors is the first step of the signaling mechanisms allowing axon tips, the growth cones, to respond to the ligands. As such, the modulation of their availability at the cell surface is one of the mechanisms that participate in setting the growth cone sensitivity. We describe here a method to precisely visualize the spatio-temporal cell surface dynamics of an axon guidance receptor both in vitro and in vivo in the developing chick spinal cord. We took advantage of the pH-dependent fluorescence property of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) variant to specifically detect the fraction of the axon guidance receptor that is addressed to the plasma membrane. We first describe the in vitro validation of such pH-dependent constructs and we further detail their use in vivo, in the chick spinal chord, to assess the spatio-temporal dynamics of the axon guidance receptor of interest. All Rights Reserved. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1101/572792 | Motor Context Coordinates Visually Guided Walking In Drosophila | Abstract Course control is critical for the acquisition of spatial information during exploration and navigation, and it is thought to rely on neural circuits that process locomotive-related multimodal signals. However, which circuits underlie this control, and how multimodal information contributes to the control system are questions poorly understood. We used Virtual Reality to examine the role of self-generated visual signals (visual feedback) on the control of exploratory walking in flies. Exploratory flies display two distinct motor contexts, characterized by low speed and fast rotations, or by high speed and slow rotations, respectively. Flies use visual feedback to control body rotations, but in a motor-context specific manner, primarily when walking at high speed. Different populations of visual motion-sensitive cells estimate body rotations via congruent, multimodal inputs, and drive compensatory rotations. However, their effective contribution to course control is dynamically tuned by a speed-related signal. Our data identifies visual networks with a multimodal circuit mechanism for adaptive course control and suggests models for how visual feedback is combined with internal signals to guide exploratory course control. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1016/j.cogpsych.2010.04.001 | Beyond single syllables: Large-scale modeling of reading aloud with the Connectionist Dual Process (CDP++) model | Most words in English have more than one syllable, yet the most influential computational models of reading aloud are restricted to processing monosyllabic words. Here, we present CDP++, a new version of the Connectionist Dual Process model (Perry, Ziegler, & Zorzi, 2007). CDP++ is able to simulate the reading aloud of mono- and disyllabic words and nonwords, and learns to assign stress in exactly the same way as it learns to associate graphemes with phonemes. CDP++ is able to simulate the monosyllabic benchmark effects its predecessor could, and therefore shows full backwards compatibility. CDP++ also accounts for a number of novel effects specific to disyllabic words, including the effects of stress regularity and syllable number. In terms of database performance, CDP++ accounts for over 49% of the reaction time variance on items selected from the English Lexicon Project, a very large database of several thousand of words. With its lexicon of over 32,000 words, CDP++ is therefore a notable example of the successful scaling-up of a connectionist model to a size that more realistically approximates the human lexical system. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
222186 | Discovering functional protein-rna interactions through data integration and machine learning. | RNA-binding proteins are implicated across a wide spectrum of human genetic disorders, with molecular mechanisms ranging from aggregation of proteins and RNAs to defects in splicing and translation. Examples include heterogeneous and life-threatening genetic disorders such as Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, spinocerebellar ataxia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) among others.
The DeepRNA project targets genetic diseases via disease-associated variants in the human transcriptome and is enabled by recent data on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and experimentally determined RNA-protein and RNA-RNA interactions. The data will be complemented with high-quality RNA-protein interaction predictions carried out in the host group that has a strong track record in computing and validating RNA-protein associations.
To my knowledge the use of eQTL variants to study RNA-protein interactions is a novel approach and is useful for developing new tools for personalised medicine. My approach will expand the human interactome in a genome-wide manner beyond experimental data, which is currently available for only 352 of the 1,542 recently described RNA-binding proteins. Complementing experimentally determined interactions with predictions will allow me to expand my analyses of the human interactome to the genomic scale while maintaining accuracy, by using the experimental dataset as a gold standard. I will employ methods such as graph partitioning and graph neural network encoding to rationalise the effects of disease-associated variants on the human interaction network, and make quantitative predictions of polymorphisms associated with genetic diseases, thereby aiding personalised medicine.
I am confident that this fellowship will equip me with the domain knowledge, independence and transferrable skills to confidently and creatively build an interdisciplinary, globally recognised research team within Europe that will focus on medically relevant human signalling systems. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
Q4574474 | Tecnologia Ferbo ITI | O projeto está focado na aquisição de tecnologia de produção moderna — um centro de fresagem e perfuração de ponta, que ampliará significativamente a gama de produtos oferecidos. Além disso, foram adquiridos módulos específicos para o sistema ABRA ERP, que expandirão o SW existente com diversas funcionalidades e conectarão a tecnologia adquirida ao sistema ABRA. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201423569 | Understanding Star Formation In Molecular Clouds I Effects Of Line Of Sight Contamination On The Column Density Structure | Column-density maps of molecular clouds are one of the most important observables in the context of molecular cloud- and star-formation (SF) studies. With the Herschel satellite it is now possible to determine the column density from dust emission. We use observations and simulations to demonstrate how LOS contamination affects the column density probability distribution function (PDF). We apply a first-order approximation (removing a constant level) to the molecular clouds of Auriga, Maddalena, Carina and NGC3603. In perfect agreement with the simulations, we find that the PDFs become broader, the peak shifts to lower column densities, and the power-law tail of the PDF flattens after correction. All PDFs have a lognormal part for low column densities with a peak at Av~2, a deviation point (DP) from the lognormal at Av(DP)~4-5, and a power-law tail for higher column densities. Assuming a density distribution rho~r^-alpha, the slopes of the power-law tails correspond to alpha(PDF)=1. 8, 1. 75, and 2. 5 for Auriga, Carina, and NGC3603 (alpha~1. 5-2 is consistent gravitational collapse). We find that low-mass and high-mass SF clouds display differences in the overall column density structure. Massive clouds assemble more gas in smaller cloud volumes than low-mass SF ones. However, for both cloud types, the transition of the PDF from lognormal shape into power-law tail is found at the same column density (at Av~4-5 mag). Low-mass and high-mass SF clouds then have the same low column density distribution, most likely dominated by supersonic turbulence. At higher column densities, collapse and external pressure can form the power-law tail. The relative importance of the two processes can vary between clouds and thus lead to the observed differences in PDF and column density structure. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1002/cbic.201900167 | Observations of Membrane Domain Reorganization in Mechanically Compressed Artificial Cells | Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are considered to be the gold standard for assembling artificial cells from the bottom up. In this study, we investigated the behavior of such biomimetic vesicles as they were subjected to mechanical compression. A microfluidic device is presented that comprises a trap to capture GUVs and a microstamp that is deflected downwards to mechanically compress the trapped vesicle. After characterization of the device, we show that single-phase GUVs can be controllably compressed to a high degree of deformation (D=0. 40) depending on the pressure applied to the microstamp. A permeation assay was implemented to show that vesicle bursting is prevented by water efflux. Next, we mechanically compressed GUVs with co-existing liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered membrane phases. Upon compression, we observed that the normally stable lipid domains reorganized themselves across the surface and fused into larger domains. This phenomenon, observed here in a model membrane system, not only gives us insights into how the multicomponent membranes of artificial cells behave, but might also have interesting consequences for the role of lipid rafts in biological cells that are subjected to compressive forces in a natural environment. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1038/nature20567 | Receptor usage dictates HIV-1 restriction by human TRIM5α in dendritic cell subsets | The most prevalent route of HIV-1 infection is across mucosal tissues after sexual contact. Langerhans cells (LCs) belong to the subset of dendritic cells (DCs) that line the mucosal epithelia of vagina and foreskin and have the ability to sense and induce immunity to invading pathogens. Anatomical and functional characteristics make LCs one of the primary targets of HIV-1 infection. Notably, LCs form a protective barrier against HIV-1 infection and transmission. LCs restrict HIV-1 infection through the capture of HIV-1 by the C-type lectin receptor Langerin and subsequent internalization into Birbeck granules. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of HIV-1 restriction in LCs remains unknown. Here we show that human E3-ubiquitin ligase tri-partite-containing motif 5α (TRIM5α) potently restricts HIV-1 infection of LCs but not of subepithelial DC-SIGN + DCs. HIV-1 restriction by TRIM5α was thus far considered to be reserved to non-human primate TRIM5α orthologues, but our data strongly suggest that human TRIM5α is a cell-specific restriction factor dependent on C-type lectin receptor function. Our findings highlight the importance of HIV-1 binding to Langerin for the routeing of HIV-1 into the human TRIM5α-mediated restriction pathway. TRIM5α mediates the assembly of an autophagy-activating scaffold to Langerin, which targets HIV-1 for autophagic degradation and prevents infection of LCs. By contrast, HIV-1 binding to DC-SIGN + DCs leads to disassociation of TRIM5α from DC-SIGN, which abrogates TRIM5α restriction. Thus, our data strongly suggest that restriction by human TRIM5α is controlled by C-type-lectin-receptor-dependent uptake of HIV-1, dictating protection or infection of human DC subsets. Therapeutic interventions that incorporate C-type lectin receptors and autophagy-targeting strategies could thus provide cell-mediated resistance to HIV-1 in humans. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1093/nar/gku571 | G-quadruplexes are specifically recognized and distinguished by selected designed ankyrin repeat proteins | We introduce designed ankyrin repeat binding proteins (DARPins) as a novel class of highly specific and structure-selective DNA-binding proteins, which can be functionally expressed within all cells. Human telomere quadruplex was used as target to select specific binders with ribosome display. The selected DARPins discriminate the human telomere quadruplex against the telomeric duplex and other quadruplexes. Affinities of the selected binders range from 3 to 100 nM. CD studies confirm that the quadruplex fold is maintained upon binding. The DARPins show different specificity profiles: some discriminate human telomere quadruplexes from other quadruplexforming sequences like ILPR, c-MYC and c-KIT, while others recognize two of the sequences tested or even all quadruplexes. None of them recognizes ds-DNA. Quadruplex-binding DARPins constitute valuable tools for specific detection at very small scales and for the in vivo investigation of quadruplex DNA. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1007/978-3-030-12939-2_46 | Afsi Adaptive Restart For Fast Semi Iterative Schemes For Convex Optimisation | Smooth optimisation problems arise in many fields including image processing, and having fast methods for solving them has clear benefits. Widely and successfully used strategies to solve them are accelerated gradient methods. They accelerate standard gradient-based schemes by means of extrapolation. Unfortunately, most acceleration strategies are generic, in the sense, that they ignore specific information about the objective function. In this paper, we implement an adaptive restarting into a recently proposed efficient acceleration strategy that was coined Fast Semi-Iterative (FSI) scheme. Our analysis shows clear advantages of the adaptive restarting in terms of a theoretical convergence rate guarantee and state-of-the-art performance on a challenging image processing task. | [
"Mathematics",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
EP 90202128 A | Stabilized Trinder reagent. | Spontaneous aspecific coloration in so-called Trinder reagents which can alter subsequent colorimetric determinations is inhibited by adding compounds of the chelating agent class to the solution. The resultant compositions contain a peroxidase enzyme, a phenylpyrazone derivative, a compound of phenolic or aromatic amine structure and a stabilizer. Preferred stablizers are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
637304 | Innate immune responses to human hepatotropic viral infections | Chronic hepatotropic infections including hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are a major public health
concern. Even though both viruses belong to completely distinct families the pathogenesis they elicit is
strikingly similar, leading to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Treatment for HBV and HCV consists of either
direct-acting antivirals or pegylated interferon (IFN)α. In contrast to HCV, these treatment regimen are noncurative
for HBV. Little is known to date about the host/pathogen interactions determining viral persistence.
Both viruses are sensitive to IFN, activating the JAK/STAT signalling pathway to activate interferonstimulated
gene expression (ISG), which are ultimately acting as antiviral immune effectors. Nevertheless,
neither type I or III IFN are very effective in their treatment.
Here, we suggest investigating the mechanistic details of type I and type III IFN action on HCV and
HBV in vitro and vivo with the goal of uncovering not only the differential ISG induction but furthermore
characterise viral immune evasion strategies. Building on our previous success in dissecting the host
response to HCV and creating the first immunocompetent mouse model for HCV we aim at using both,
novel microfluidic culture systems based on 3D hepatocyte cultures susceptible to both HCV and HBV as
well as human liver-chimeric mice in combination with single-cell analysis of the antiviral response against
HBV and HCV elicited by type I and III IFN. Additionally, we will utilize lentiviral high throughput
screening used previously for HCV to identify interferon effector molecules active against HBV. This project
will not only provide new insights into the innate immune response to chronic hepatotropic virus infections
but furthermore holds the potential of uncovering novel drug targets, aiding in the curative therapy for both,
HCV and HBV and offer novel insights into vaccine design.
This project has the aim of identifying novel host factors and drug targets enabling the development
of immunomodulatory antiviral drugs. This ranks the scope of the proposal between LS6 Immunity and
Infection and LS9 Applied Life Sciences and Non-Medical Biotechnology. Evaluating novel bioengineered
human liver culture systems and building on human liver-chimeric mice clearly places this proposal at the
forefront of identifying novel drug targets and assisting in the development of novel biotechnology and
preclinical projects. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W2746381864 | Plan de mejora de atención al cliente en Recaudaciones del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la Provincia de Pichincha | The collection of taxes in the public sector has always been colored by the chaos that is
almost always generated in the institutions where these collections are made, the GAD
case of the Province of Pichincha has not escaped this reality and it is in this problem,
That this investigative work is developed trying to give solution to this constant
agglomeration of people and of long rows for his attention.
In this study a descriptive type investigation was carried out of the current situation of
the office in question, the historical - logical method was used to determine in time how
this problem has been happening and the survey was helped as the main source of
information in the search for solutions.
From the study carried out and with the strategies of improvement raised a considerable
reduction in the times of collections towards the users of this dependence.
Keywords: improvement, collection, taxes, customer service. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1007/s00382-016-3055-1 | Small global-mean cooling due to volcanic radiative forcing | In both the observational record and atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) simulations of the last ∼ 150 years, short-lived negative radiative forcing due to volcanic aerosol, following explosive eruptions, causes sudden global-mean cooling of up to ∼ 0. 3 K. This is about five times smaller than expected from the transient climate response parameter (TCRP, K of global-mean surface air temperature change per W m−2 of radiative forcing increase) evaluated under atmospheric CO2 concentration increasing at 1 % yr−1. Using the step model (Good et al. in Geophys Res Lett 38:L01703, 2011. doi:10. 1029/2010GL045208), we confirm the previous finding (Held et al. in J Clim 23:2418–2427, 2010. doi:10. 1175/2009JCLI3466. 1) that the main reason for the discrepancy is the damping of the response to short-lived forcing by the thermal inertia of the upper ocean. Although the step model includes this effect, it still overestimates the volcanic cooling simulated by AOGCMs by about 60 %. We show that this remaining discrepancy can be explained by the magnitude of the volcanic forcing, which may be smaller in AOGCMs (by 30 % for the HadCM3 AOGCM) than in off-line calculations that do not account for rapid cloud adjustment, and the climate sensitivity parameter, which may be smaller than for increasing CO2 (40 % smaller than for 4 × CO2 in HadCM3). | [
"Earth System Science"
]
|
853609 | Microrobotic Gamete/Zygote IntraFallopian Transfer | Infertility is a worldwide problem affecting ~11% of the reproductive-age population. Severe cases are currently treated by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic injection techniques (ICSI) with high fertilization rates (~95%). However, embryo transfer is still the critical stage with only 32% of the cases resulting in clinical pregnancies. Moreover, the implantation rates per embryo remain very low (~17%) and often the procedure needs to be repeated several times with no success implying a high economic and social cost. Among the different methods used to overcome this issue, gamete or zygote ntrafallopian transfer (GIFT or ZIFT) seems more promising offering appropriate physiological environment for zygote/embryo development at an optimal synchronization between embryonic and endometrial preparation. However, these methods are invasive and involve surgical procedures and anaesthesia to introduce macroscopic imaging and manipulation tools into the female body, increasing the risk of injury and ectopic pregnancies. The goal of Micro-GIFT is to seek for novel approaches to non-invasively transport and release high-quality gametes/zygotes in the fallopian tube in vivo (mice model). For that multifunctional untethered microrobots (~100 µm size) will be developed making use of smart materials and advanced microtechnologies. However, there are major challenges that need to be overcome to bring this technology close to the clinic, such as the in vivo imaging and control of such microrobots, and their removal after use. The project will also provide deeper insights on the contribution of the fallopian tube on the natural embryo development and implantation, being crucial to create more natural procedures with high success rates. The PI has contributed significantly to the field of sperm-based microbots for assisted fertilization and targeted drug delivery as well as developed a variety of novel microbiosensors for molecular and cellular analysis. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Materials Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
interreg_2061 | Literature on the Alps | The project involves the promotion of the region and its tourist and commercial opportunities through cultural offerings based mainly on the diffusion of knowledge mountain literature, travel and adventure. The proposal includes two internal similar events that already took place in the Verbano, Cusio and Ossola (Letteraltura) and town of Brig (Berg Buch Brig). The two events, while maintaining their original appearance, will be integrated with each other by inserting a section in each of two other organized. Furthermore, the project provides for a conference dedicated to mountain literature which can then, in time, include a professional space, reserved for professionals to exchange business opportunities. | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"The Study of the Human Past"
]
|
3729557 | Multi-Camera autonomous robotic set for the ultimate and cost-effective live video | Inconsistent quality, high personnel costs and personnel admin overheads are the main bottlenecks faced by video production companies. Small-medium ones besides, must handle with very tight budgets, offering the bare minimum as result (limited camera angles and repetitive movements) and risking zero profits in case of production overruns. Automation (artificial intelligence and robotics that replace repetitive and routine tasks) has emerged as an innovative solution to execute production tasks more efficiently and allow companies to remove economic bottlenecks and devote more resources to creative activities. However state-of-the-art automation technologies are limited to assistive systems or partial automation based on pre-established scripts (cameras' movement, framing time and broadcast sequence), so they are not suitable for live shows such as sports events or concerts.
Seervision, the only player offering an affordable full automation solution, will revolutionize the video production industry through Multi RoboDoP: an easy-to-use platform that autonomously controls multiple cameras, tracks objects smoothly and takes smart decisions to perform all operational tasks of traditional crews at a superior quality. Multi RoboDoP will disrupt the cost structure of today’s video productions by halving their production costs. Moreover, we will unlock 50% of the market that cannot afford professional video productions (mid-sized video production companies and small studios) while we increase ROI for large-scale companies.
So far, we have invested more than €1M to reach TRL7 and we envisage €2.19M and 1.5 years to finish developing our proprietary multi-camera coordination software, prepare its scale-up and its market launch.
We have identified 12 priority target countries representing a SAM of >€700M. After launch to market in Q4 2021, we estimate 2.5 years to reach break-even, 4 years to get a 3-4% overall market share, €27.8M in revenues and a ROI of 6.67. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
224360 | Correlated molecular quantum gases in optical lattices | In a quantum engineering approach we aim to create strongly correlated molecular quantum gases for polar molecules confined in an optical lattice to two-dimensional geometry with full quantum control of all de-grees of freedom with single molecule control and detection. The goal is to synthesize a high-fidelity molec-ular quantum simulator with thousands of particles and to carry out experiments on phases and dynamics of strongly-correlated quantum matter in view of strong long-range dipolar interactions. Our choice of mole-cule is the KCs dimer, which can either be a boson or a fermion, allowing us to prepare and probe bosonic as well as fermionic dipolar quantum matter in two dimensions. Techniques such as quantum-gas microscopy, perfectly suited for two-dimensional systems, will be applied to the molecular samples for local control and local readout.
The low-entropy molecular samples are created out of quantum degenerate atomic samples by well-established coherent atom paring and coherent optical ground-state transfer techniques. Crucial to this pro-posal is the full control over the molecular sample. To achieve near-unity lattice filling fraction for the mo-lecular samples, we create two-dimensional samples of K-Cs atom pairs as precursors to molecule formation by merging parallel planar systems of K and Cs, which are either in a band-insulating state (for the fermions) or in Mott-insulating state (for the bosons), along the out-of-plane direction.
The polar molecular samples are used to perform quantum simulations on ground-state properties and dy-namical properties of quantum many-body spin systems. We aim to create novel forms of superfluidity, to investigate into novel quantum many-body phases in the lattice that arise from the long-range molecular dipole-dipole interaction, and to probe quantum magnetism and its dynamics such as spin transport with single-spin control and readout. In addition, disorder can be engineered to mimic real physical situations. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1111/cobi.12965 | Use of radar detectors to track attendance of albatrosses at fishing vessels | Despite international waters covering over 60% of the world's oceans, understanding of how fisheries in these regions shape ecosystem processes is surprisingly poor. Seabirds forage at fishing vessels, which has potentially deleterious effects for their population, but the extent of overlap and behavior in relation to ships is poorly known. Using novel biologging devices, which detect radar emissions and record the position of boats and seabirds, we measured the true extent of the overlap between seabirds and fishing vessels and generated estimates of the intensity of fishing and distribution of vessels in international waters. During breeding, wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) from the Crozet Islands patrolled an area of over 10 million km2 at distances up to 2500 km from the colony. Up to 79. 5% of loggers attached to birds detected vessels. The extent of overlap between albatrosses and fisheries has widespread implications for bycatch risk in seabirds and reveals the areas of intense fishing throughout the ocean. We suggest that seabirds equipped with radar detectors are excellent monitors of the presence of vessels in the Southern Ocean and offer a new way to monitor the presence of illegal fisheries and to better understand the impact of fisheries on seabirds. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
W2315585154 | The Efficacy of Abdominal Ultrasonographic Examination in Preventing Negative Appendectomies | Objective: Appendectomy is the most commonly performed emergent intervention in general surgery clinics; imaging techniques must be used as a guide to reduce the rate of negative exploration. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of preoperatively performed abdominal ultrasonographic evaluation on the rate of negative exploration. Material and Methods: Two hundred and fifty nine out of 352 patients who were operated on for acute appendicitis between 1st January 2011 and 8th January 2012 at our centre were included in this study. Demographic data, ultrasonographic findings and pathological reports of each patient were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The patients were divided into two groups depending on whether ultrasonographic examination was performed or not. The overall negative exploration rate was 18.5% in patients included in the study; the rate was 18.7% and 18.2% in patients who underwent ultrasonographic examination or not, respectively. However, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our negative exploration rate was similar to results published in the literature. Ultrasonographic examination performed at our centre has been found to have no impact on reducing negative exploration rates for acute appendicitis. This may be due to the limitations of ultrasonography, which is an operator-dependent technique. Also, this may be the result of anxiety in surgeons; they may be ordering ultrasonography unnecessarily, because of concern over malpractice laws. (JAEM 2013; 12: 118-21) | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1117/12.2520780 | Enhanced Performance Of Integrated Silicon Nanophotonic Devices Engineered By Sub Wavelength Grating Structures | Sub-wavelength gratings, segmented resonant-less structures with geometries featuring scales considerably smaller than the wavelength of light, have enabled an attractive technological concept to locally control light guiding properties in planar silicon chip architectures. This concept has allowed for additional degrees of freedom to tailor effective mode index, modal confinement, waveguide dispersion, as well as anisotropy, thereby providing a vital route towards high performing devices with engineered optical properties. Sub-wavelength integrated nanophotonics has opened up new horizons for realization of key building components that afford outstanding device performances, typically beyond those achieved by conventional design strategies, yet favorably benefiting from the sub-100-nm pattern resolution of established semiconductor manufacturing tools in nanophotonic foundries. The distinctive features of sub-wavelength grating structures are considered essential for future generation of chip-scale applications in optical communications and interconnects, biomedicine, as well as quantum-based technologies. In this work, we report recent advances in the development of high-performance on-chip nanophotonic waveguides and devices engineered with the sub-wavelength grating metamaterial structures. In particular, we discuss recent achievements of low-loss waveguides with controlled chromatic dispersion, high-efficiency fiber-to-chip surface grating couplers, micro-ring resonators, and grating-assisted waveguide filters, implemented on the mature silicon-on-insulator technology. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1007/JHEP06(2020)116 | Towards An Amplitude Analysis Of The Decay Λb0 Pk Γ Varlambda _B 0 To Pk Gamma | The helicity formalism applied to the radiative decay
$$ {\varLambda}_b^0\to {pK}^{-}\gamma $$
is presented for the first time in this paper. The aim is to provide the necessary formalism to be able to resolve the resonant pK − structures at the photon pole by means of an amplitude analysis. Experimental effects, such as resolution, are also discussed. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
W2556497080 | Grid Adaptive Power Management Strategy for an Integrated Microgrid With Hybrid Energy Storage | The penetration of growing microgrid systems within the ac distribution network is leading to several challenges to have a safe and reliable operation of the power system. For the utility system, it is mandatory to maintain the voltage and frequency within the prescribed limits at the local bus under diverse conditions of the renewable energy sources (RESs), loads, and grid. With these conditions, the need for energy storage system (ESS) becomes extremely important for effective operation of critical and frequency sensitive loads. The vital role of ESS based on dc-bus regulation and monitoring of grid frequency in the microgrid is a challenging task and needs to be investigated in detail. Therefore, in this paper, the storage and microgrid are scheduled to work in a grid supportive manner. Also, these ESSs need to be operated within its safe state of charge limits. Hence, based on all the above constraints, an appropriate grid adaptive power management strategy (GA-PMS) is formulated to generate current references for RES, ESS, and microgrid-connected converters. Furthermore, this algorithm includes seamless microgrid operation under abnormal conditions, priority-based load shedding, and ensuring power quality standards at the local bus. The performance of proposed GA-PMS is tested and validated through the simulation and experimental studies. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1007/s11625-017-0473-x | ‘We have a right to breathe clean air’: the emerging environmental justice movement against waste incineration in cement kilns in Spain | Waste is increasingly being used as an alternative to conventional fossil fuels in cement kilns worldwide. This has led to the emergence of socio-environmental conflicts in many countries in which local groups articulate a common struggle against the cement industry, a new target within the international anti-incineration movement. This case report aims at characterising this emerging movement against waste incineration in cement kilns in Spain and explores its main four discursive dimensions in relation to the concept of environmental justice. We argue that the movement against waste incineration in cement kilns is incipient and growing in Spain, and it uses a distinctive vocabulary to refer to the environmental justice dimension of the struggle. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
Q2893028 | Metalvila — Espansione tecnologica e organizzativa | Ampliamento dell'unità industriale e produttiva di Metalvila attraverso il rafforzamento della capacità tecnologica e organizzativa, al fine di ottenere una posizione competitiva dinamica e strutturata. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1109/ISCAS.2013.6572285 | 3 5 D Integration A Case Study | Two diverse manufacturing techniques for building 3-D integrated systems are vertical integration with Through-Silicon-Vias (TSVs), also referred as 3-D TSV integration, and 3D monolithic integration. In this paper, we present a hybrid integration scheme that combines these two approaches, taking into account their existing technology limits, into a disruptive paradigm called 3. 5-D integration. Our novel integration supports circuit-partitioning both at the gate and block level with unprecedented benefits in cost. To demonstrate the effectiveness of 3. 5-D integration, we chose as case study a 288-core MPSoC and we made hypothesis on the manufacturing and test cost. We argue a potential 20% decrease in the manufacturing cost and 30% decrease in the test cost when compared to 3-D TSV integration. In order to study the performance improvement of the MPSoC, we benchmarked various blocks of the core and the on-chip interconnection network, connecting all the cores. Our study shows large improvement in performance of the core (average of 11. 5%) and latency (average of 24%) of the Network-on-Chip (NoC) for the 3. 5-D integration when compared to the corresponding 3-D TSV implementation. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
interreg_375 | Exploring social innovation approaches for the social and economic integration of non-EU nationals | The overall objective of the project is to enhance the capacities of decision-makers in nine rural areas previously subject to declining and ageing populations to successfully integrate young non-EU nationals into social life and employment to stabilise their demography. To that aim, approaches based on social innovation shall be introduced, refitted to respond to the specific characteristics of rural areas, tested and assessed whether they are capable to lead to the desired results. A tool-box of possible approaches shall be provided to local decision-makers, accompanied by trainings. Furthermore, the project also aims to change the foremost negative perspective on migration of non-EU nationals to one where its potentials are seen and actively explored.
Partners in ARRIVAL REGIONS will first exchange their experiences and explore approaches of social innovation that appear to be successful elsewhere. Together with the scientific partners involved in the project, the identified good practices will be reshaped to prepare their implementation in rural areas with a shrinking “native” population. For a period of 12 to 18 months, nine novel approaches will be piloted in Central European areas. Their effectiveness will be evaluated both through quantitative indicators and stakeholder workshops (qualitative criteria) to determine their success. Seminars and other capacity building measures are implemented in parallel together with stakeholders. Those which have delivered the desired results become subject of a tool-box which helps a larger number of public authorities to apprehend and unleash the potentials of inward migration of non-EU nationals.
The project’s outputs are a tool-box for public authorities composed by successfully tested approaches to spur the integration of non-EU nationals in rural areas, a pilot project carried out in each addressed territory and a series of trainings focussing on the established social innovation-based approaches. | [
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
Q2711672 | Neue Servicequalität im Hotel Karino Spa. | Ziel des Projekts ist es, die Qualität der im Karino Spa Hotel angebotenen Dienstleistungen durch den Einsatz moderner Ausrüstung mit der Unterstützung spezieller Informations- und Kommunikationstools in der gesamten Hoteleinrichtung zu verbessern. Zielgruppe sind alle Kunden, die Hoteldienstleistungen nutzen. Diese Investition wird aus drei Hauptstufen bestehen, die der Phase der Bereitstellung verbesserter Hoteldienstleistungen mit moderner Ausrüstung und Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien im Karino Spa Hotel vorausgehen. Zu diesen Phasen gehören: (1) Ankauf neuer Anlagen – Klimaanlagen, die im Fitness- und Pubraum, im Büroteil, im Restaurantraum, im Obergeschoss/im Dachgeschoss in Hotelzimmern installiert werden. Kauf einer neuen Anlage – Ausrüstung für die Hotelküche. (2) Erwerb neuer Anlagegüter wie: Tablets, Tablet-Geräte, TV-Geräte. Kauf von immateriellen Vermögenswerten – Erwerb von Lizenzen für mobile Anwendungen für Gäste und Anwendung für Tablets und Fernseher in Hotelzimmern. (3) Erwerb neuer Anlagen – Ankauf von Türen zu Hotelzimmern (49 Stück) und Schlössern mit ble-Modul zum Öffnen per Smartphone. Kauf von immateriellen Vermögenswerten – eine Schnittstelle zum im Hotel verwendeten PMS-System für den Austausch von Daten über Buchungen und Berichte mit dem System, das Hoteldienstleistungen unterstützt. Projektdurchführungszeitraum vom 1.6.2020 bis 31.5.2021. Als Ergebnis des Projekts wird ein System zur Unterstützung der Hoteldienstleistungen implementiert. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W2390304902 | Impact of High Frequency Power on Performance and Energy Consumption of Electrostatic Precipitator | Taking the first field of the right section at the left column of electrostatic precipitator(ESP) in a 440 t/h circulating fluidized bed(CFB) boiler as a research object,contrast tests of ESP performance were performed between high frequency power and fundamental frequency power.The results show that the dedusting quantity by using high frequency power has been improved 4.25%than that by using fundamental frequency power,in which the dedusting efficiency of the first field has been improved 4.54%.From the points of effective power's conversion efficiency and active power input,it is proved that high frequency power has obvious energy saving effect,and the payback period of power plant is 3.77 years.The selection method of high frequency power is suggested according to the value of apparent migration velocity of particle(ω_κ). | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
648141 | Synthetic platforms for ad libitum remodelling of yeast central metabolism | Replacement of petrochemistry by bio-based processes is key to sustainable development and requires microbes equipped with novel-to-nature capabilities. The efficiency of such engineered microbes strongly depends on their native metabolic networks. However, aeons of evolution have optimized these networks for fitness in nature rather than for industrial performance. As a result, central metabolic networks are complex and encoded by mosaic microbial genomes in which genes, irrespective of their function, are scattered over the genome and chromosomes. This absence of a modular organization tremendously restricts genetic accessibility and presents a major hurdle for fundamental understanding and rational engineering of central metabolism. To conquer this limitation, I introduce the concept of ‘pathway swapping’, which will enable experimenters to remodel the core machinery of microbes at will.
Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an industrial biotechnology work horse and model eukaryotic cell, I propose to design and construct a microbial chassis in which all genes encoding enzymes in central carbon metabolism are relocated to a specialized synthetic chromosome, from which they can be easily swapped by any – homologous or heterologous – synthetic pathway. This challenging and innovative project paves the way for a modular approach to engineering of central metabolism.
Beyond providing a ground-breaking enabling technology, the ultimate goal of the pathway swapping technology is to address hitherto unanswered fundamental questions. Access to a sheer endless variety of configurations of central metabolism offers unique, new possibilities to study the fundamental design of metabolic pathways, the constraints that have shaped them and unifying principles for their structure and regulation. Moreover, this technology enables fast, combinatorial optimization studies on central metabolism to optimize its performance in biotechnological purposes. | [
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
W2096172416 | Effectiveness of foreign aid in sub-Saharan Africa: Does disaggregating aid into bilateral and multilateral components make a difference? | Inspired by the contradicting findings of studies on aid effectiveness and the recently emerging dissatisfaction of scholars with the methodologies of earlier works, this study took up the examination of the effectiveness of bilateral and multilateral aids on economic growth. To this end, the study applied the estimation technique of system-GMM (system - generalized method of moments) to panel data of 42 Sub-Saharan African countries collected from secondary sources for the years 1980 through 2007. For the data at hand, there was no evidence for the (conditional or unconditional) effectiveness of both kinds of aid. This result was robust to the use of alternative growth models. Bilateral aid on its own, or in interaction with policy, is ineffective at enhancing economic growth, regardless of whether one measures it relative to the recipients' gross domestic product or in per capita terms. The same holds for multilateral aid. This conclusion confines itself to the data at hand and thus gives no evidence about the effectiveness of the recently emerging aid modalities, which are argued to possess elements of better government accountability, better transparency and better recipient-ownership. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1038/s41467-018-03011-7 | Dual properties of a hydrogen oxidation Ni-catalyst entrapped within a polymer promote self-defense against oxygen /639/638/77/886 /639/638/161/893 /639/638/675 /120 /128 /140/131 article | The Ni(P 2 N 2 ) 2 catalysts are among the most efficient non-noble-metal based molecular catalysts for H 2 cycling. However, these catalysts are O 2 sensitive and lack long term stability under operating conditions. Here, we show that in a redox silent polymer matrix the catalyst is dispersed into two functionally different reaction layers. Close to the electrode surface is the "active" layer where the catalyst oxidizes H 2 and exchanges electrons with the electrode generating a current. At the outer film boundary, insulation of the catalyst from the electrode forms a "protection" layer in which H 2 is used by the catalyst to convert O 2 to H 2 O, thereby providing the "active" layer with a barrier against O 2 . This simple but efficient polymer-based electrode design solves one of the biggest limitations of these otherwise very efficient catalysts enhancing its stability for catalytic H 2 oxidation as well as O 2 tolerance. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1007/s10624-019-09551-8 | Contesting household debt in Croatia: the double movement of financialization and the fetishism of money in Eastern European peripheries | Croatia has experienced a marked boom in household debt in the 2000s. Much of this lending took high-risk and predatory forms that transferred significant risks to debtors, which in turn became the target of contestation by debt activists. This paper uses the Polanyian idea of “double movement” to show how the Croatian debt contestations responded to the distinctively peripheral form of financialization in Eastern Europe, characterized by unequal geoeconomic relationships and an intensified expropriation of debtors. This framework further highlights the importance of money in contemporary credit/debt relationships and their contestation, which has so far received insufficient attention in relevant anthropological scholarship. Instead of the currently fashionable credit theories of money, the paper uses the Marxian concept of the fetishism of money to unpack the roles of money in these processes. The analysis of discourses and practices of two groups of debtors and activists reveals how they used nationalist ideological frameworks and institutional channels such as litigation, again largely ignored by existing anthropological literature, to challenge the particular inequalities of peripheral financialization and the expropriation of debtors through the lenders’ predatory manipulations of the money fetish. | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1183/13993003.00990-2019 | Dietary Antioxidant Intake In School Age And Lung Function Development Up To Adolescence | Dietary antioxidant intake has been hypothesised to influence lung function. The association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet at age 8 years and lung function development up to . . . | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1038/s41467-017-00164-9 | Electromagnetic reprogrammable coding-metasurface holograms | Metasurfaces have enabled a plethora of emerging functions within an ultrathin dimension, paving way towards flat and highly integrated photonic devices. Despite the rapid progress in this area, simultaneous realization of reconfigurability, high efficiency, and full control over the phase and amplitude of scattered light is posing a great challenge. Here, we try to tackle this challenge by introducing the concept of a reprogrammable hologram based on 1-bit coding metasurfaces. The state of each unit cell of the coding metasurface can be switched between '1' and '0' by electrically controlling the loaded diodes. Our proof-of-concept experiments show that multiple desired holographic images can be realized in real time with only a single coding metasurface. The proposed reprogrammable hologram may be a key in enabling future intelligent devices with reconfigurable and programmable functionalities that may lead to advances in a variety of applications such as microscopy, display, security, data storage, and information processing. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Materials Engineering",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
W1969588288 | Increased erythrocyte lead levels correlate with decreased hemoglobin levels in the Korean general population: analysis of 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data | We present data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010 on the association between blood lead and hemoglobin levels in a representative sample of the adult South Korean population.The analysis was restricted to participants ≥20 years of age who completed the health examination survey, including blood lead measurements (n = 5,951). Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to estimate adjusted mean differences in hemoglobin level associated with doubling of whole blood and erythrocyte lead or quartiles of the metal after covariate adjustment. Odds ratios (ORs) for having borderline anemia or clinical anemia were calculated for log-transformed whole blood and erythrocyte lead or quartiles of the metal after covariate adjustment.A twofold increase in whole blood lead or erythrocyte lead was associated with a 0.285 g/dL increase or 0.088 g/dL decrease in hemoglobin level, respectively. There was a 0.416 g/dL increase or 0.143 g/dL decrease in hemoglobin, respectively, in the highest, compared with the lowest tertile of whole blood lead and erythrocyte lead, respectively. Based on ORs, doubling of whole blood lead or erythrocyte lead resulted in a 36.3 % decrease or 36.2 % increase, respectively, in the risk of borderline anemia.The association of whole blood lead versus erythrocyte lead with hemoglobin level was opposite. In the case of anemia, which is frequently caused by iron deficiency, the effect on the whole blood lead concentration may be very significant, leading to a considerable underestimation of the person's lead status. Therefore, hematocrit-adjusted blood lead level (i.e., erythrocyte lead) should be applied to the general population. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that erythrocyte lead levels showed a significant inverse relationship with hemoglobin level at lead levels <10 μg/dL in the general Korean population. In conclusion, increased erythrocyte lead levels may be associated with mildly decreased hemoglobin levels, after adjusting for covariates, in a representative sample of the adult Korean population. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
291474 | Quantum Entanglement in Electronic Solid State Devices | The quantum world is by far larger than the classical one. It is entanglement, closely linked to non-locality, that spans this larger space manifold. Entanglement plays a central role in emerging quantum technology aiming to harvest quantum space. From the experimentalist’s point of view working in nanoelectronics, there is no instrument on the shelf yet, that would measure the degree of entanglement. This we would like to change with QUEST.
QUEST is a long term project with the goal to experimentally establish a continuous probe of entanglement generation in the electrical signal of quantum devices. It is set up in two parts: the realization of a highly efficient source of spin-entangled electron pairs and the exploration of different correlation measurements providing a measure of entanglement “on the fly”. During the last decade a wealth of theory proposals have appeared, addressing entanglement in electronic devices. The interaction of particles in solid-state devices provides a natural force for the appearance of entanglement. Examples are correlation between electrons and holes in the emission on a tunnel junction, or the “naturally” occurring Cooper pairs in s-wave superconductors. While first results on the realization of sources of entangled electron pairs have appeared recently, there are no experiments demonstrating entanglement in transport of any of those devices. We aim to change this and propose to implement high-bandwidth current correlation methods up to the forth moment, enabling to test Bell-inequality and quantum state tomo-graphy. Based on our long standing experience in the measurement of second-order correlations in nanodevices, we are well prepared for this very challenging goal. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.025 | A lower content of de-methylesterified homogalacturonan improves enzymatic cell separation and isolation of mesophyll protoplasts in Arabidopsis | Cell adhesion occurs primarily at the level of middle lamella which is mainly composed by pectin polysaccharides. These can be degraded by cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) during developmental processes to allow a controlled separation of plant cells. Extensive cell wall degradation by CWDEs with consequent cell separation is performed when protoplasts are isolated from plant tissues by using mixtures of CWDEs. We have evaluated whether modification of pectin affects cell separation and protoplast isolation. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the pectin methylesterase inhibitors AtPMEI-1 or AtPMEI-2, and Arabidopsis pme3 plants, mutated in the gene encoding pectin methylesterase 3, showed an increased efficiency of isolation of viable mesophyll protoplasts as compared with Wild Type Colum-bia-0 plants. The release of protoplasts was correlated with the reduced level of long stretches of de-methylesterified homogalacturonan (HGA) present in these plants. Response to elicitation, cell wall regeneration and efficiency of transfection in protoplasts from transgenic plants was comparable to those of wild type protoplasts. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1088/0957-4484/21/40/405504 | On Chip Squid Measurements In The Presence Of High Magnetic Fields | We report a low temperature measurement technique and magnetization data of a quantum molecular spin, by implementing an on-chip SQUID technique. This technique enables the SQUID magnetometery in high magnetic fields, up to 7 Tesla. The main challenges and the calibration process are detailed. The measurement protocol is used to observe quantum tunneling jumps of the S=10 molecular magnet, Mn12-tBuAc. The effect of transverse field on the tunneling splitting for this molecular system is addressed as well. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1002/cphc.201200422 | Formation and stability of bulk carbonic acid (H<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>3</inf>) by protonation of tropospheric calcite | A myth debunked: H2CO3 may form in the atmosphere from mineral dust in the presence of acid and remain stable there for long periods even in the presence of rather high relative humidity. The image illustrates the mechanism of its formation on the background image of Saharan dust transported to the west of Spain and North Africa. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
EP 83304069 A | Circular weft knitting machine. | A circular weft knitting machine for carrying out the knitting of variegated articles includes means for effecting selective, controlled two dimensional displacement of compound needle members (84) and associated sinker elements (474) so as to provide each such needle member with the selectable capability of performing a knit, tuck or float operation at each yarn feed location independent of the direction of knitting needle approach thereto. Also included therein are improved constructions for terry instruments (248), as well as the provision of unbroken continuous cam tracks in respective inner and outer fixed cam track sleeves (78, 86) for effecting such controlled two dimensional displacement of yarn engaging knitting elements in a path that is symmetric intermediate each adjacent pair of yarn feed locations and also is symmetric with respect to the midlocation therebetween. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1088/0953-4075/45/13/131001 | Extraction Of Electron Ion Differential Scattering Cross Sections For C2H4 By Laser Induced Rescattering Photoelectron Spectroscopy | We have measured angle-resolved rescattering electron momentum distributions for C2H4 generated by intense infrared laser pulses and extracted large-angle elastic differential cross sections (DCSs) for electrons scattering from C2H4+. The angle-dependent ionization rate describing the initial single-ionization step favours ionization from molecules that have their molecular plane aligned perpendicular to the laser polarization direction. The extracted DCSs are well reproduced by the theoretical calculation. We demonstrate that DCSs for electron–ion scattering of the nonlinear polyatomic molecule can be extracted from the laser-induced rescattering electron spectra. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
221630 | Advancing intuitive human-machine interaction with human-like social capabilities for education in schools | ANIMATAS will establish a leading European Training Network (ETN) devoted to the development of a new generation of creative and critical research leaders and innovators who have a skill-set tailored for the creation of social capabilities necessary for realising step changes in the development of intuitive human-machine interaction (HMI) in educational settings. This will be achieved through (1) a transnational network of universities and industrial partners that will supervise and deliver specialized training for early stage researchers (ESRs), and (2) the cross-fertilization of state-of-the-art methods from the domains of social robotics, embodied virtual characters, social and educational sciences in order to facilitate the development of skills necessary to design machines capable of engaging in intuitive sustained encounters with teachers and children. The ETN will ensure an integrative approach to the development of new capabilities with a view to their impact on whole system performance in terms of the complete HMI loop. This will be done by building industry–guided showcases that integrate the social capabilities developed by the ESRs. The participation of industrial partners will support the translation of new academic results to the market-place and a better transfer of knowledge between different sectors. The exposure of the non- academic sector to the ESRs has a great market potential that our industrial partners aim to capitalize upon in terms of recruiting young talents after the end of the project and adopting ANIMATAS’ advances in intuitive HMI for future product lines. This will greatly benefit the ESRs, which will be provided with new career perspectives in the social robotics and ed-tech industries. The ETN will strengthen Europe’s capacity in research and innovation by nurturing a new generation of highly skilled ESRs with an entrepreneurial mind-set and an understanding of intuitive HMI and potential products in these emerging markets. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
336126 | Next Generation Semiconductor Nanowires | Semiconductor nanowires composed of III-V materials have enormous potential to add new functionality to electronics and optical applications. However, integration of these promising structures into applications is severely limited by the current near-universal reliance on gold nanoparticles as seeds for nanowire fabrication. Although highly controlled fabrication is achieved, this metal is entirely incompatible with the Si-based electronics industry. It also presents limitations for the extension of nanowire research towards novel materials not existing in bulk. To date, exploration of alternatives has been limited to selective-area and self-seeded processes, both of which have major limitations in terms of size and morphology control, potential to combine materials, and crystal structure tuning. There is also very little understanding of precisely why gold has proven so successful for nanowire growth, and which alternatives may yield comparable or better results. The aim of this project will be to explore alternative nanoparticle seed materials to go beyond the use of gold in III-V nanowire fabrication. This will be achieved using a unique and recently developed capability for aerosol-phase fabrication of highly controlled nanoparticles directly integrated with conventional nanowire fabrication equipment. The primary goal will be to deepen the understanding of the nanowire fabrication process, and the specific advantages (and limitations) of gold as a seed material, in order to develop and optimize alternatives. The use of a wide variety of seed particle materials in nanowire fabrication will greatly broaden the variety of novel structures that can be fabricated. The results will also transform the nanowire fabrication research field, in order to develop important connections between nanowire research and the semiconductor industry, and to greatly improve the viability of nanowire integration into future devices. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
W2902403680 | Support Vector Neural Network and Principal Component Analysis for Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits | Fault diagnosis of the analog circuits is the trending research area as the analog circuits holds a lot of applications in military, automatic control, household appliances, communication, and so on. Even though the researchers presented various methods for fault diagnosis, still there is a lack of reliable techniques for analog fault detection and diagnosis. Keeping this mind, this paper presents the Support Vector Neural Network (SVNN) for identifying the faulty and the fault-free analog circuit. At first, the pre-processing is carried out using the Principle component analysis (PCA) that serves as the best way for solving the dimensional complexities. Then, the weights of SVNN are optimally tuned using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) that enables the optimal classification of the analog circuits. The GA-based SVNN is an optimization approach for classifying the analog circuits that enable the comprehensive diagnosis of the faults in the analog circuits. The experimentation is performed using the triangular wave generator and the simulation results highlight that SVNN classifier attained a classification percentage of 99.54 % and low False Alarm Rate of 0.68%. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
950287 | Orthodoxies and Politics. The Religious Reforms of Mid-17th Century in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe | The project presents an interconnected view of early modern religious reforms, the fault lines of which are visible in contemporary debates. In the seventeenth century, following similar developments in Western and Central Europe, the wind of religious change swept throughout Orthodox Christianity with unparalleled intensity. While a consensus has been reached on the pivotal role of the Reforms of Nikon, named after the controversial Patriarch of Moscow (†1681), its causes and far-reaching consequences remain a matter of debate, fuelled by the emergence of new sources and, at times, polemical reassessments. My first aim is to broaden the scope of research by examining unpublished texts held in repositories from Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Romania and Russia. Based on this data, read against published materials, I will argue that the reformist thrust covered wider areas and aspects than hitherto assumed, affecting even the Orthodox communities of the Ottoman Empire. Focusing on the vital interplay between the religious and political spheres, I will show that Nikon was part of a larger dynamics of religious reforms promoted by such diverse and disputed figures as the ‘Calvinist’ Patriarch of Constantinople Kyrillos Loukaris (†1638), the ‘Westernizer’ Metropolitan of Kiev Peter Mohyla (†1647) and the ‘Orthodox’ Patriarch of Jerusalem Dositheos (†1707). Given the phenomenon’s multi-layered nature, I propose a model of analysis that highlights the specificities, antagonisms and connections between Muscovite, Ruthenian, Wallachian and Greek reforming currents by combining historical, theological and linguistic research tools. My research compares, contextualizes and transgresses boundaries artificially imposed by nationalistic historiographies, while it tackles key topics in Early Modern religious, institutional and cultural history: confessionalization, factional (political) shaping of the 'Right Faith' (seen as cultural system) and tension between tradition and innovation. | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"The Study of the Human Past",
"Studies of Cultures and Arts"
]
|
10.1098/rsfs.2015.0105 | In silico
regenerative medicine: how computational tools allow regulatory and financial challenges to be addressed in a volatile market | The cell therapy market is a highly volatile one, due to the use of disruptive technologies, the current economic situation and the small size of the market. In such a market, companies as well as academic research institutes are in need of tools to advance their understanding and, at the same time, reduce their R&D costs, increase product quality and productivity, and reduce the time to market. An additional difficulty is the regulatory path that needs to be followed, which is challenging in the case of cell-based therapeutic products and should rely on the implementation of quality by design (QbD) principles. In silico
modelling is a tool that allows the above-mentioned challenges to be addressed in the field of regenerative medicine. This review discusses such
in silico
models and focuses more specifically on the bioprocess. Three (clusters of) examples related to this subject are discussed. The first example comes from the pharmaceutical engineering field where QbD principles and their implementation through the use of
in silico
models are both a regulatory and economic necessity. The second example is related to the production of red blood cells. The described
in silico
model is mainly used to investigate the manufacturing process of the cell-therapeutic product, and pays special attention to the economic viability of the process. Finally, we describe the set-up of a model capturing essential events in the development of a tissue-engineered combination product in the context of bone tissue engineering. For each of the examples, a short introduction to some economic aspects is given, followed by a description of the
in silico
tool or tools that have been developed to allow the implementation of QbD principles and optimal design. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
W1568412157 | Two new species of Lepidosperma (Cyperaceae) occurring in the Perth area of Western Australia | Barrett, R.L. & Wilson, K.L. Two new species of Lepidosperma (Cyperaceae) occurring in the Perth area of Western Australia. Nuytsia 23: 173–187 (2013). Lepidosperma apricola R.L.Barrett is a new species from the Darling Range in Western Australia. An isolated population also occurs in Kings Park, in the heart of Perth. This species has been confused with L. leptostachyum Nees. in the past. Lepidosperma calcicola R.L.Barrett & K.L.Wilson is a new species from coastal dune systems on the west coast of Western Australia, which has been previously confused with a number of other taxa. It has been listed on FloraBase as Lepidosperma common species occurring in the Perth region of Western Australia (and more broadly in the South West Botanical Province) that have been unnamed up until now. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
Q3070291 | Programme de développement des entreprises | Dans le cadre du programme de développement, l’entreprise prévoit d’étendre la production, de mettre de nouveaux produits et services sur le marché, d’accroître l’efficacité de la production et d’accroître les capacités de commercialisation. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
991192 | Understanding and leveraging ‘moments of change’ for pro-environmental behaviour shifts | Responding to climate change requires profound changes to individual behaviour. However, much of our behaviour is habitual, which is resistant to change. Habits are cued by stable contexts (i.e., same time, place and/or social group), so when these change, habits are disrupted, providing an opportunity to intervene to foster pro-environmental behaviour. ‘Moments of change’ are when individual life circumstances shift within a short time frame, and include biographical and exogenous changes (e.g., becoming a parent, travel disruption). The relationship between moments of change and environmental impact is complex, with heterogeneity between individuals, cultures and behaviours. The aim of this proposal is to examine how ambitious lifestyle change might be achieved through understanding and harnessing ‘moments of change’ in life circumstances. This project integrates insights from several fields (developmental and environmental psychology, sociology, science & technology studies) to bring a much-needed focus on the temporal and socio-technical dimensions of pro-environmental behaviour (change). There are two objectives for the research: (a) To explore and track moments of pro-environmental behaviour change across cultures and life-course; and (b) To examine the efficacy of behavioural interventions targeted to moments of change. Three work packages address these objectives through an ambitious programme of cross-cultural research using secondary and big data analyses, longitudinal qualitative interviews and panel surveys to explore moments of change, and experimental studies to test behaviour change interventions targeted at moments of change (e.g., starting university, retiring, relocating). This project promises a step-change in understanding the dynamics of pro-environmental change across the life course and cultures, and the development of robust habit-disrupting interventions to foster lifestyle change. | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1039/C9DT04873A | Aerobic Dehydrogenation Of Amines To Nitriles Catalyzed By Triazolylidene Ruthenium Complexes With O2 As Terminal Oxidant | Pyridyl-substituted mesoionic triazolylidene ruthenium cymene complexes catalyze the oxidation of both aromatic and aliphatic amines to nitriles with high activity and selectivity under benign conditions using dioxygen as the terminal oxidant. Modification on the pyridyl moiety of the ligand scaffold has negligible effect on the catalytic performance, while substituents on the triazolylidene directly affect the catalytic fitness of the metal center, leading to distinct catalytic profiles. Pre-dissociation of the cymene ligand and formation of a solvento analogue further enhances the catalytic activity towards nitrile formation. Variation of reaction conditions provided valuable mechanistic insights and resulted in a highly efficient protocol for nitrile formation with maximum turnover numbers around 10 000. The turnover frequency reaches up to 400 h−1, providing one of the fastest catalytic systems known to date for this transformation. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.1042/BST0390413 | Superfamily I Helicases As Modular Components Of Dna Processing Machines | Helicases are a ubiquitous and abundant group of motor proteins that couple NTP binding and hydrolysis to processive unwinding of nucleic acids. By targeting this activity to a wide range of specific substrates, and by coupling it with other catalytic functionality, helicases fulfil diverse roles in virtually all aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. The present review takes a look back at our efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of UvrD-like DNA helicases. Using these well-studied enzymes as examples, we also discuss how helicases are programmed by interactions with partner proteins to participate in specific cellular functions. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W2770700051 | The Traversella Mining Site as Piemonte Geosite | The Traversella mining area, nearly 60 km North of Torino, was, together with Brosso, a very important mining district for iron exploitation. The Traversella ore deposit was exploited from late Medieval Age up to the middle XX century. It is a typical skarn deposit at the contact between a dioritic body and preexisting metamorphic host rocks, which represents the only exploited skarn-type mineralization in the Alps. The iron ore mineral, exploited from different orebodies, was primarily magnetite. After the beginning of XX century, the extraction involved also pyrite and chalcopyrite, used mainly for the production of sulfuric acid. The mine, after some interruptions and re-openings, was officially closed in 1971, due to the high exploitation costs and the competition of the foreign iron ore deposits. The present research aims to emphasize the extraordinary importance of this mining site both from a scientific and a historical point of view, by also examining the exploitation and ore processing methods and the amount of production during the last three centuries, and highlighting how these activities contributed to the industrial development of the surrounding area and of the whole Piemonte Region. It aims also at illustrating the sociological and environmental impact of mining activities at regional level, highlighting the importance of the site from a geotouristic point of view, through the cultural exploitation of the mining site remains, the development and upgrade of the already existing mining museum, and the organization of geotouristic itineraries. | [
"The Study of the Human Past",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
232989 | Dissecting the transcriptional mechanisms controlling growth during normal development and cancer | The main scientific questions addressed in this proposal relate to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of growth control and cancer through the combined use of high-throughput technologies and computational biology. We aim to create a systems-level understanding of the cell cycle, and its regulation by physiological growth factors and oncogenes through the use high-throughput biology to identify all or the majority of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression, and by combining this dataset with computationally predicted and experimentally validated target genes of growth factors and oncogenic pathways. In my opinion, such systems biology approach is critical for understanding of growth control, as organ-specific growth control has proven particularly refractory to genetic dissection. Much of what we know about physiological mechanisms controlling cellular growth in mammals has been revealed by human cancer genetics. These studies have revealed that a large number of genes can contribute to aberrant cell growth; there are more than 300 genes that have been linked to cancer, and mutations found in cancer are often cell type specific ( oncogene preference , i.e. PTCH mutations in medulloblastoma, APC in colon cancer, TMPRSS2-ERG in prostate cancer), suggesting that different pathways in different cell lineages are coupled to the cell cycle machinery. We have preliminary evidence that hedgehog (Hh) and Wnt signals are directly coupled to expression of N-myc and c-Myc genes, but only in tissues and cell-types that display a proliferative response to these factors. Both classical molecular and developmental biology as well as high throughput and systems biological methods will be used for dissection of the molecular mechanism of this selectivity. If successful, these experiments would establish a principle explaining why particular mutations are extremely common in some tumor types but not found at all in others. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1090/tran/7878 | Critical 𝐿^{𝑝}-differentiability of 𝐵𝑉^{}𝔸-maps and canceling operators | We give a generalization of Dorronsoro’s theorem on critical
L
p
\mathrm {L}^p
-Taylor expansions for
B
V
k
\mathrm {BV}^k
-maps on
R
n
\mathbb {R}^n
; i. e. , we characterize homogeneous linear differential operators
A
\mathbb {A}
of
k
k
th order such that
D
k
−
j
u
D^{k-j}u
has
j
j
th order
L
n
/
(
n
−
j
)
\mathrm {L}^{n/(n-j)}
-Taylor expansion a. e. for all
u
∈
B
V
loc
A
u\in \mathrm {BV}^\mathbb {A}_{\operatorname {loc}}
(here
j
=
1
,
…
,
k
j=1,\ldots , k
, with an appropriate convention if
j
≥
n
j\geq n
). The space
B
V
loc
A
\mathrm {BV}^\mathbb {A}_{\operatorname {loc}}
, a single framework covering
B
V
\mathrm {BV}
,
B
D
\mathrm {BD}
, and
B
V
k
\mathrm {BV}^k
, consists of those locally integrable maps
u
u
such that
A
u
\mathbb {A} u
is a Radon measure on
R
n
\mathbb {R}^n
. For
j
=
1
,
…
,
min
{
k
,
n
−
1
}
j=1,\ldots ,\min \{k, n-1\}
, we show that the
L
p
\mathrm {L}^p
-differentiability property above is equivalent to Van Schaftingen’s elliptic and canceling condition for
A
\mathbb {A}
. For
j
=
n
,
…
,
k
j=n,\ldots , k
, ellipticity is necessary, but cancellation is not. To complete the characterization, we determine the class of elliptic operators
A
\mathbb {A}
such that the estimate
(1)
‖
D
k
−
n
u
‖
L
∞
⩽
C
‖
A
u
‖
L
1
\begin{align}\tag {1} \|D^{k-n}u\|_{\mathrm {L}^\infty }\leqslant C\|\mathbb {A} u\|_{\mathrm {L}^1} \end{align}
holds for all vector fields
u
∈
C
c
∞
u\in \mathrm {C}^\infty _c
. Surprisingly, the (computable) condition on
A
\mathbb {A}
such that \eqref{eq:abs} holds is strictly weaker than cancellation. The results on
L
p
\mathrm {L}^p
-differentiability can be formulated as sharp pointwise regularity results for overdetermined elliptic systems
A
u
=
μ
,
\begin{align*} \mathbb {A} u=\mu , \end{align*}
where
μ
\mu
is a Radon measure, thereby giving a variant for the limit case
p
=
1
p=1
of a theorem of Calderón and Zygmund which was not covered before. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1002/ejsp.2527 | How I learned to stop fearing: Ideological differences in choice of reappraisal content | In down-regulating intergroup fear, an intense emotion common to intractable intergroup conflicts, people may employ various fear-reducing appraisals. Adopting a motivated reasoning perspective, we posited that the contents of individuals’ ideological beliefs influence the contents they employ to down-regulate fear, with rightists preferring ingroup-empowering content and leftists preferring outgroup-weakening content. In Study 1, rightists (vs. leftists) reported greater use of ingroup-empowering reappraisal to down-regulate fear, but no differences emerged in the use of outgroup-weakening reappraisal. Study 2 manipulated the contents’ perceived instrumentality in reducing fear, to examine this as an alternative mechanism. Perceived instrumentality influenced participants’ behavioral content preferences ahead of a fear induction, but the manipulation did not mitigate the right-left differences in ingroup-empowering reappraisal use once participants were confronted with the stimulus, replicating Study 1. Study 3 extended these findings, identifying ideological differences in two additional fear-reappraisal themes and in the attitudinal outcomes of fear regulation. | [
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
2723009 | Personalised nutrition of low-birth-weight infants | Each year 500,000 preterm babies are born in Europe out of 15-million worldwide. They often have poor health, with a severe lifetime impact on their quality of life and that of their families. Pre-term birth is a leading cause of lifelong disabilities with high societal economic costs. Inadequate nutrition is the major reason for preterm infants’ ill health. To grow as they would in utero, preterm infants need more nutrition than is provided by their mother’s milk, so the milk needs to be fortified to avoid undernourishment. However, the fortification typically done in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) does not take into account the individual differences in the human milk’s composition and the infant’s nutritional needs, which vary with age and weight.
To address this issue, Tellspec has developed Preemie, the first rapid, portable, affordable, and easy-to-use milk testing system calibrated with human milk, that automatically calculates the fortification needed, to reduce the workload and human errors. Preemie also uses blockchain technology to trace the origin and confirm the authenticity of the donor’s milk. An inexpensive portable and rapid analyser such as Preemie would disrupt the existing market by allowing NICUs and milk banks to scan all donor milk and automatically suggest fortification to be done based on each infant's individual needs, resulting in optimal health.
In this project Tellspec will commercialise Preemie, by tailoring the software to the market and validate it in collaboration with a European hospital and a milk bank, by obtaining the medical certification needed to go to market, and by implementing advertising, sales promotions and marketing activities.
The funds raised will enable Tellspec to enlarge its customer base, expand the current team of people, set up high-volume distribution capacity in Europe, and consolidate the business strategy to pave the way for future VC investments. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1038/s41587-019-0366-x | Single-cell analysis of structural variations and complex rearrangements with tri-channel processing | Structural variation (SV), involving deletions, duplications, inversions and translocations of DNA segments, is a major source of genetic variability in somatic cells and can dysregulate cancer-related pathways. However, discovering somatic SVs in single cells has been challenging, with copy-number-neutral and complex variants typically escaping detection. Here we describe single-cell tri-channel processing (scTRIP), a computational framework that integrates read depth, template strand and haplotype phase to comprehensively discover SVs in individual cells. We surveyed SV landscapes of 565 single cells, including transformed epithelial cells and patient-derived leukemic samples, to discover abundant SV classes, including inversions, translocations and complex DNA rearrangements. Analysis of the leukemic samples revealed four times more somatic SVs than cytogenetic karyotyping, submicroscopic copy-number alterations, oncogenic copy-neutral rearrangements and a subclonal chromothripsis event. Advancing current methods, single-cell tri-channel processing can directly measure SV mutational processes in individual cells, such as breakage–fusion–bridge cycles, facilitating studies of clonal evolution, genetic mosaicism and SV formation mechanisms, which could improve disease classification for precision medicine. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1007/jhep04(2019)048 | Measurement of the four-lepton invariant mass spectrum in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector | Abstract
A measurement of the four-lepton invariant mass spectrum is made with the ATLAS detector, using an integrated luminosity of 36. 1 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at
$$ \sqrt{s} $$
s
= 13 TeV delivered by the Large Hadron Collider. The differential cross-section is measured for events containing two same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pairs. It exhibits a rich structure, with different mass regions dominated in the Standard Model by single Z boson production, Higgs boson production, and Z boson pair production, and non-negligible interference effects at high invariant masses. The measurement is compared with state-of-the-art Standard Model calculations, which are found to be consistent with the data. These calculations are used to interpret the data in terms of gg → ZZ → 4ℓ and Z → 4ℓ subprocesses, and to place constraints on a possible contribution from physics beyond the Standard Model. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.1039/c4ra09992c | Solid-state NMR measurements and DFT calculations of the magnetic shielding tensors of protons of water trapped in barium chlorate monohydrate | The magnetic shielding tensors of protons of water in barium chlorate monohydrate are investigated by means of solid-state NMR spectroscopy, both for static powders and under magic-angle spinning conditions. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201424082 | Planck Intermediate Results Xix An Overview Of The Polarized Thermal Emission From Galactic Dust | This paper presents the large-scale polarized sky as seen by Planck HFI at 353 GHz, which is the most sensitive Planck channel for dust polarization. We construct and analyse large-scale maps of dust polarization fraction and polarization direction, while taking account of noise bias and possible systematic effects. We find that the maximum observed dust polarization fraction is high (pmax > 18%), in particular in some of the intermediate dust column density (AV < 1mag) regions. There is a systematic decrease in the dust polarization fraction with increasing dust column density, and we interpret the features of this correlation in light of both radiative grain alignment predictions and fluctuations in the magnetic field orientation. We also characterize the spatial structure of the polarization angle using the angle dispersion function and find that, in nearby fields at intermediate latitudes, the polarization angle is ordered over extended areas that are separated by filamentary structures, which appear as interfaces where the magnetic field sky projection rotates abruptly without apparent variations in the dust column density. The polarization fraction is found to be anti-correlated with the dispersion of the polarization angle, implying that the variations are likely due to fluctuations in the 3D magnetic field orientation along the line of sight sampling the diffuse interstellar medium. We also compare the dust emission with the polarized synchrotron emission measured with the Planck LFI, with low-frequency radio data, and with Faraday rotation measurements of extragalactic sources. The two polarized components are globally similar in structure along the plane and notably in the Fan and North Polar Spur regions. A detailed comparison of these three tracers shows, however, that dust and cosmic rays generally sample different parts of the line of sight and confirms that much of the variation observed in the Planck data is due to the 3D structure of the magnetic field. | [
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
10.1111/1467-9655.12404 | The Ethics Of Efficacy In North India S Goonda Raj Rule Of Toughs | This study of goondas (gangsters or toughs) in North Indian politics comes by way of a comment on intellectual method in the anthropology of moralities. More especially, it offers critical remarks on the recent adoption of ‘virtue’ as the cardinal moral co-ordinate of human life. Drawing on field research conducted across northern India, we show that when people celebrate goondas as leaders, they do so not because they see in them virtuous men, but because they think them capable of ‘getting things done’. This ethics of efficacy is neither merely instrumental nor is it but another variant of virtue ethics. It presents, instead, an altogether different moral teleology orientated towards effective action rather than excellent character. While challenging the self-centred bent of the late anthropology of ethics, we also make preliminary remarks on the contrast between ‘moral’ and ‘practical’ judgement, and the limits of ‘the moral’ as such. | [
"Studies of Cultures and Arts",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
10.1051/epjconf/201817502008 | Testing algorithms for critical slowing down | We present the preliminary tests on two modifications of the Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm. Both algorithms are designed to travel much farther in the Hamiltonian phase space for each trajectory and reduce the autocorrelations among physical observables thus tackling the critical slowing down towards the continuum limit. We present a comparison of costs of the new algorithms with the standard HMC evolution for pure gauge fields, studying the autocorrelation times for various quantities including the topological charge. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
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