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10.1093/cvr/cvy206 | Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates endothelial cell aging via inhibition of STAT3 signalling | Aims Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to regulate numerous processes in the human genome, but the function of these transcripts in vascular aging is largely unknown. We aim to characterize the expression of lncRNAs in endothelial aging and analyse the function of the highly conserved lncRNA H19. Methods and results H19 was downregulated in endothelium of aged mice. In human, atherosclerotic plaques H19 was mainly expressed by endothelial cells and H19 was significantly reduced in comparison to healthy carotid artery biopsies. Loss of H19 led to an upregulation of p16 and p21, reduced proliferation and increased senescence in vitro. Depletion of H19 in aortic rings of young mice inhibited sprouting capacity. We generated endothelial-specific inducible H19 deficient mice (H19iEC-KO), resulting in increased systolic blood pressure compared with control littermates (Ctrl). These H19iEC-KO and Ctrl mice were subjected to hindlimb ischaemia, which showed reduced capillary density in H19iEC-KO mice. Mechanistically, exon array analysis revealed an involvement of H19 in IL-6 signalling. Accordingly, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 were upregulated upon H19 depletion. A luciferase reporter screen for differential transcription factor activity revealed STAT3 as being induced upon H19 depletion and repressed after H19 overexpression. Furthermore, depletion of H19 increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 at TYR705 and pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 activation abolished the effects of H19 silencing on p21 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression as well as proliferation. Conclusion These data reveal a pivotal role for the lncRNA H19 in controlling endothelial cell aging. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
US 2008/0010840 W | HIGH EFFICIENCY DISPOSABLE CELLULOSIC WIPER | A high efficiency disposable cellulosic wiper includes (a) pulp-derived papermaking fiber; (b) up to 75% by weight regenerated cellulosic microfiber having a characteristic CSF value of less than 175 ml, the microfiber being selected and present in amounts such that the wiper exhibits a Laplace pore volume fraction at pore sizes less than 15 microns of at least 1.5 times that of a like wiper prepared without regenerated cellulose microfiber. The wipers of the invention exhibit remarkable residue removal efficiency. | [
"Materials Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
230088 | How do values influence the functioning of institutions and the effects of policies? | Many recent contributions by economists have stressed the importance of culture in explaining economic and institutional outcomes. Taking this literature as a point of departure, we study three questions. First, how do values and beliefs influence the functioning of government institutions? We combine recent insights from political economics with the idea that civic values matter through citizens political participation, such as voters behavior and voice activities. Our goal is to lay the foundations for an economic theory of clientelism. We then study empirically voters with different cultural traditions react to news of politicians dishonesty; and how alternative political institutions influence the selection of politicians depending on the cultural environment. Second, what can be done to promote economic development and improve the functioning of government institutions in a society with lack of social capital and poor values? We study empirically two important policy tools. The first is transfers to poor localities from higher levels of governments. If civic values are deficient, transfers might reinforce clientelism. We test various possible channels for such adverse effects. Second, exploiting a natural experiment, we study the effects of decentralizing the selection of university professors. Third, what are the main mechanisms of cultural transmission, and how do they interact with the external environment? We explore the role of schools, families and peers in the formation of values and beliefs, using a unique feature of the large PISA surveys. Schools are a main vehicles of cultural transmission. They are also a public service with a complex organization. We study how values and beliefs, the organization of schools and citizens voice interact with each other. Much of our empirical analysis focuses on Italian regions and municipalities. Although these questions cut across many disciplines, we take an economic approach. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.07.008 | Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project: Electrode selection matrix | The Consensus for Experimental Design in Electromyography (CEDE) project is an international initiative which aims to guide decision-making in recording, analysis, and interpretation of electromyographic (EMG) data. The quality of the EMG recording, and validity of its interpretation depend on many characteristics of the recording set-up and analysis procedures. Different electrode types (i. e. , surface and intramuscular) will influence the recorded signal and its interpretation. This report presents a matrix to consider the best electrode type selection for recording EMG, and the process undertaken to achieve consensus. Four electrode types were considered: (1) conventional surface electrode, (2) surface matrix or array electrode, (3) fine-wire electrode, and (4) needle electrode. General features, pros, and cons of each electrode type are presented first. This information is followed by recommendations for specific types of muscles, the information that can be estimated, the typical representativeness of the recording and the types of contractions for which the electrode is best suited. This matrix is intended to help researchers when selecting and reporting the electrode type in EMG studies. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
224148 | Innovative model of a simultaneous translation service, consisting in a cloud-based software platform that delivers audio translations to venue audience through automated managed wi-fi networks. | A new, disruptive, more economic and effective model of simultaneous translation system for the international events,
consisting in a cloud based software platform that handles all operations through Internet, with built-in configuration of the
related Wi-Fi networks and the possibility to use remotely connected professional interpreters chosen from a vast accredited
community. The same system can also be integrated within other popular web-conferencing platforms, enabling
multilanguage
web meetings.
ST WI-FI facilitates access and participation to live and on-line meetings & events to multilanguage audiences, removing
geographic and language barriers, contributing to widespread dissemination of their contents.
Existing simultaneous translation systems are based upon specific, dedicated IR (infrared) equipment, which need to be
rented and installed at each event at relevant costs. ST WI-FI handles their same functionalities and workflow but uses
Internet and Wi-Fi instead of IR as means of communication. Event participants listen to translations through their own
mobile devices, not anymore considered as a limiting factor due to their widespread adoption.
For all live-events, ST WI-FI dramatically reduces all rental, setup and management costs connected to legacy IR systems
and enables further functionalities and options otherwise available through other different dedicated systems. For webbased
meetings and conferences, it provides multi-language interpreting facilities currently unavailable within existing
platforms.
ST WI-FI will be proposed to the market as SaaS, in different subscription packages. Customers will use their own
interpreters or engage them from the same platform at convenient pay-per-hour fees.
ST WI-FI has been awarded with the Seal of Excellence in its precedent proposals to Horizon 2020 SME2 (evaluation result:
12,91 in June 2016, 12,68 in October 2016 and 13,25 in April 2017. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1086/701857 | Stage Structured Evolutionary Demography Linking Life Histories Population Genetics And Ecological Dynamics | AbstractDemographic processes and ecological interactions are central to understanding evolution and vice versa. We present a novel framework that combines basic Mendelian genetics with the powerfu. . . | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1007/s00779-015-0847-y | Head-mounted mixed reality projection display for games production and entertainment | This research presents a mixed reality (MR) application that is designed to be usable during a motion capture shoot and supports actors with their task to perform. Through our application, we allow seeing and exploring a digital environment without occluding an actor’s field of vision. A prototype was built by combining a retroreflective screen covering surrounding walls and a headband consisting of a laser scanning projector with a smartphone. Built-in sensors of a smartphone provide navigation capabilities in the digital world. The presented system was demonstrated in an initially published paper. Here, we extend these research results with our advances and discuss the potential use of our prototype in gaming and entertainment applications. To explore this potential use case, we built a gaming application using our MR prototype and tested it with 45 participants. In these tests, we use head movements as rather unconventional game controls. According to the performed user tests and their feedback, our prototype shows a potential to be used for gaming applications as well. Therefore, our MR prototype could become of special interest because the prototype is lightweight, allows for freedom of movement and is a lowcost, stand-alone mobile system. Moreover, the prototype also allows for 3D vision by mounting additional hardware. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1080/02614340.2015.1120060 | Arcadia Festa E Performance Alla Corte Dei Re D Aragona 1442 1503 | In the fifteenth-century Italian courts, the imagery of song accompanied by the ‘lira’ expressed the modern symbol of ancient oral poetry. The ‘new’ humanist poet-singer, exemplified by the mythological figures of Apollo, Amphion, and Orpheus, became part of Aragonese court festivals and elite entertainments. Jacopo Sannazzaro's Arcadia was an extraordinary catalyst of this lyrical and performative tradition of poetry and a literary projection of theatrical vision. This article proposes a reading of Sannazaro's Arcadia as a ‘re-presentation’ in a literary poem of oral and performance poetry developed by humanists within the forms of court theatrical drama and festival culture. | [
"The Study of the Human Past",
"Texts and Concepts"
]
|
10.1364/AO.52.001086 | Monitoring Adsorption And Sedimentation Using Evanescent Wave Cavity Ringdown Ellipsometry | We monitor the adsorption of Rhodamine 800, and the sedimentation of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) suspension at the surface of a fused-silica prism, by measuring both the absorption and s-p phase shift Δ of a 740 nm probe laser beam, using evanescent-wave cavity ringdown ellipsometry (EW-CRDE). The two systems demonstrate the complementary strengths of EW-CRDE, as the progress of adsorption of the Rhodamine 800 dye can only be observed sensitively via the measurement of absorption, whereas the progress of sedimentation of PTFE can only be observed sensitively via the measurement of Δ. We show that EW-CRDE provides a sensitive method for the measurement of Δ and demonstrates precision in Δ of about 10−4 deg. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.1093/gbe/evy205 | Evolutionary genomics of metchnikovella incurvata (metchnikovellidae): An early branching microsporidium | Metchnikovellids are highly specialized hyperparasites, which infect and reproduce inside gregarines (Apicomplexa) inhabiting marine invertebrates. Their phylogenetic affiliation was under constant discussion until recently, when analysis of the first near-complete metchnikovellid genome, that of Amphiamblys sp. , placed it in a basal position with respect to most Microsporidia. Microsporidia are a highly diversified lineage of extremely reduced parasites related to Rozellida (RozellosporidiaRozellomycotaCryptomycota) within the Holomycota clade of Opisthokonta. By sequencing DNA froma single-isolated infected gregarine cellwe obtained an almost complete genome of a secondmetchnikovellid species, and the first one of a taxonomically described and well-documented species, Metchnikovella incurvata. Our phylogenomic analyses show that, despite being considerably divergent from each other, M. Incurvata forms a monophyletic group with Amphiamplys sp. , and confirmthatmetchnikovellids are one of the deep branches ofMicrosporidia. Comparative genomic analysis demonstrates that, like most Microsporidia, metchnikovellids lack mitochondrial genes involved in energy transduction and are thus incapable of synthesizing their own ATP viamitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. They also lack the horizontally acquired ATP transporters widespread in most Microsporidia. We hypothesize that a family of mitochondrial carrier proteins evolved to transportATP fromthe host into themetchnikovellid cell. We observe the progressive reduction of genes involved inDNArepair pathways along the evolutionary path ofMicrosporidia,whichmight explain, at least partly, the extremely high evolutionary rate of themost derived species. Our data also suggest that genome reduction and acquisition of novel genes co-occurred during the adaptation of Microsporidia to their hosts. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
W1976328188 | Crystal nucleation and dendrite growth of metastable phases in undercooled melts | ▶ Homogenous nucleation. ▶ Effects of convection on dendrite growth kinetics. ▶ Description of disorder trapping validated by experiment. An undercooled melt possesses an enhanced free enthalpy that opens up the possibility to crystallize metastable crystalline solids in competition with their stable counterparts. Crystal nucleation selects the crystallographic phase whereas the growth dynamics controls microstructure evolution. We apply containerless processing techniques such as electromagnetic and electrostatic levitation to containerlesss undercool and solidify metallic melts. Owing to the complete avoidance of heterogeneous nucleation on container-walls a large undercooling range becomes accessible with the extra benefit that the freely suspended drop is direct accessible for in situ observation of crystallization far away from equilibrium. Results of investigations of maximum undercoolability on pure zirconium are presented showing the limit of maximum undercoolability set by the onset of homogeneous nucleation. Rapid dendrite growth is measured as a function of undercooling by a high-speed camera and analysed within extended theories of non-equilibrium solidification. In such both supersaturated solid solutions and disordered superlattice structure of intermetallics are formed at high growth velocities. A sharp interface theory of dendrite growth is capable to describe the non-equilibrium solidification phenomena during rapid crystallization of deeply undercooled melts. Eventually, anomalous growth behaviour of Al-rich Al–Ni alloys is presented, which may be caused by forced convection. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
833792 | Remotely-controlled functional synthetic tissues | We will make synthetic tissues for applications in medicine. In the short-term, synthetic tissues will be used to deliver therapeutics; ultimately, synthetic tissues will be used as components of surgical implants. The synthetic tissues will be formed from patterned 3D-printed picoliter droplet networks. They will be functionally active and subject to external control. They will be safe, because they cannot replicate. Key aspects of synthetic tissues, which were introduced by our laboratory, remain unexplored. At this point, our initial work justifies an adventurous full research program. The capabilities of biological tissues greatly exceed those of individual cells, because the cells in them cooperate to produce emergent properties. Our approach considers, but does not strictly mimic nature. 3D printers make patterned networks of picoliter droplets, separated from each other by individual lipid bilayers, which can be functionalized with membrane proteins to allow internal and external communication. In early work, we showed that droplet networks can change shape and transmit electrical signals. Now, we will greatly extend the properties of these materials. We will produce synthetic tissues with excellent fidelity, at high resolution, with faithful patterning and of superior strength and stability. Hierarchical cm-scale structures will be assembled from mm-scale networks. We will make functional tissues able to change shape rapidly and reversibly, take up, transform and release molecules, and generate and use energy. Functional synthetic tissues will be controlled remotely with light, heat, and magnetism. Outputs will include ATP generation and protein expression. Finally, we will explore two illustrative applications of synthetic tissues: the controlled synthesis and release of therapeutic peptides, and the ability to modulate the activities of neurons and muscle cells. Discoveries derived from this ERC grant will be commercialized with investor funding. | [
"Materials Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1007/JHEP12(2015)141 | Integrability Of Smooth Wilson Loops In Mathcal N 4 Superspace | We perform a detailed study of the Yangian symmetry of smooth supersymmetric Maldacena-Wilson loops in planar $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$
super Yang-Mills theory. This hidden symmetry extends the global superconformal symmetry present for these observables. A gauge-covariant action of the Yangian generators on the Wilson line is established that generalizes previous constructions built upon path variations. Employing these generators the Yangian symmetry is proven for general paths in non-chiral $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$
superspace at the first perturbative order. The bi-local piece of the level-one generators requires the use of a regulator due to divergences in the coincidence limit. We perform regularization by point splitting in detail, thereby constructing additional local and boundary contributions as regularization for all level-one Yangian generators. Moreover, the Yangian algebra at level one is checked and compatibility with local kappa-symmetry is established. Finally, the consistency of the Yangian symmetry is shown to depend on two properties: the vanishing of the dual Coxeter number of the underlying superconformal algebra and the existence of a novel superspace “G-identity” for the gauge field theory. This tightly constrains the conformal gauge theories to which integrability can possibly apply. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Mathematics"
]
|
340340 | Complex analysis and statistical physics | The goal of this project is to achieve breakthroughs in a few fundamental questions in 2D statistical physics, using techniques from complex analysis, probability, dynamical systems, geometric measure theory and theoretical physics.
Over the last decade, we significantly expanded our understanding of 2D lattice models of statistical physics, their conformally invariant scaling limits and related random geometries. However, there seem to be serious obstacles, preventing further development and requiring novel ideas. We plan to attack those, in particular we intend to:
(A) Describe new scaling limits by Schramm’s SLE curves and their generalizations,
(B) Study discrete complex structures and use them to describe more 2D models,
(C) Describe the scaling limits of random planar graphs by the Liouville Quantum Gravity,
(D) Understand universality and lay framework for the Renormalization Group Formalism,
(E) Go beyond the current setup of spin models and SLEs.
These problems are known to be very difficult, but fundamental questions, which have the potential to lead to significant breakthroughs in our understanding of phase transitions, allowing for further progresses. In resolving them, we plan to exploit interactions of different subjects, and recent advances are encouraging. | [
"Mathematics",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
W2599158715 | Code generation and adaptive control divergence management for light weight SIMT processors | The energy costs of data movement are limiting the performance scaling of future generations of high performance computing architectures targeted to data intensive applications. The result has been a resurgence in the interest in processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures. This challenge has spawned the development of a scalable, parametric data parallel architecture referred at the Heterogeneous Architecture Research Prototype (HARP) - a single instruction multiple thread (SIMT) architecture for integration into DRAM systems, particularly 3D memory stacks as a distinct processing layer to exploit the enormous internal memory bandwidth. However, this potential can only be realized with an optimizing compilation environment. This thesis addresses this challenge by i) the construction of an open source compiler for HARP, and ii) integrating optimizations for handling control flow divergence for HARP instances. The HARP compiler is built using the LLVM open source compiler infrastructure. Apart from traditional code generation, the HARP compiler backend handles unique challenges associated with the HARP instruction set. Chief among them is code generation for control divergence management techniques. The HARP architecture and compiler supports i) a hardware reconvergence stack and ii) predication to handle divergent branches. The HARP compiler addresses several challenges associated with generating code for these two control divergence management techniques and implements multiple analyses and transformations for code generation. Both of these techniques have unique advantages and disadvantages depending upon whether the conditional branch is likely to be unanimous or not. Two decision frameworks, guided by static analysis and dynamic profile information are implemented to choose between the control divergence management techniques by analyzing the nature of the conditional branches and utilizing this information during compilation. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1063/1.4895460 | High Speed Imaging Upgrade For A Standard Sample Scanning Atomic Force Microscope Using Small Cantilevers | We present an atomic force microscope (AFM) head for optical beam deflection on small cantilevers. Our AFM head is designed to be small in size, easily integrated into a commercial AFM system, and has a modular architecture facilitating exchange of the optical and electronic assemblies. We present two different designs for both the optical beam deflection and the electronic readout systems, and evaluate their performance. Using small cantilevers with our AFM head on an otherwise unmodified commercial AFM system, we are able to take tapping mode images approximately 5–10 times faster compared to the same AFM system using large cantilevers. By using additional scanner turnaround resonance compensation and a controller designed for high-speed AFM imaging, we show tapping mode imaging of lipid bilayers at line scan rates of 100–500 Hz for scan areas of several micrometers in size. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1063/1.4971294 | Convergence Of Coupled Cluster Perturbation Theory | The convergence of a recently proposed coupled cluster (CC) family of perturbation series [Eriksen, J. J. et al. , J. Chem. Phys. 140, 064108 (2014)], in which the energetic difference between two CC models - a low-level parent and a high-level target model - is expanded in orders of the M{\o}ller-Plesset (MP) fluctuation potential, is investigated for four prototypical closed-shell systems (Ne, singlet methylene, distorted HF, and the fluoride anion) in standard and augmented basis sets. In these investigations, energy corrections of the various series have been calculated to high orders and their convergence radii determined by probing for possible front- and back-door intruder states, the existence of which would make the series divergent. In summary, we conclude how it is primarily the choice of target state, and not the choice of parent state, which ultimately governs the convergence behavior of a given series. For example, restricting the target state to, say, triple or quadruple excitations might remove intruders present in series that target the full configuration interaction (FCI) limit, such as the standard MP series. Furthermore, we find that whereas a CC perturbation series might converge within standard correlation consistent basis sets, it may start to diverge whenever these become augmented by diffuse functions, similar to the MP case. However, unlike for the MP case, such potential divergences are not found to invalidate the practical use of the low-order corrections of the CC perturbation series. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
339834 | Evolved Replication Systems for Epigenetics | Cells have a broad functional and morphological diversity due to differential gene expression. Research in epigenetics combines the study of inheritable, phenotypical changes in the gene expression pattern of a specific cell type that are not caused by a transformed nucleotide sequence of the genetic code itself. Epigenetic marks are represented by a variety of molecular mechanisms including DNA methylation. Alterations of DNA methylation play a crucial role in the onset of diseases like cancer. Many DNA methylation-based biomarkers have been evaluated and the analysis of epigenetic alterations is a promising tool for disease diagnostics, prognostics, and prediction of drug response. In future, this will allow to adapt therapies to a person, which will increase the chance for successful treatments, minimizing side-effects of chemotherapy and administration of ineffective drugs and thus, prevent the onset of follow-up problems that are associated with these events. Thus, cost-effective but robust means that allow the analysis of DNA methylation-based biomarkers are of urgent need. Several methods for analysis of these biomarkers are employed. However, those that have the required resolution are laborious, time-consuming, and error-prone and thus, prevent broad applications of DNA methylation profiling in clinical diagnostics. The aim of this project is to overcome the barriers that prohibit using DNA methylation profiling in broad clinical applications for diagnostics, prognostics, and prediction of drug response. The objectives will be reached by a multidisciplinary systemic approach harnessing the power of organic synthesis (i.e. new synthetic modified nucleotides), biochemical and structural enzyme studies, and directed evolution of DNA polymerases tailored for new replication systems for epigenetics. The evolved replication systems will be superior to known techniques by superseding the bottle necks of current approaches paving the way for broad applications. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.15252/embj.201694071 | Phosphorylation of residues inside the SNARE complex suppresses secretory vesicle fusion | Membrane fusion is essential for eukaryotic life, requiring SNARE proteins to zipper up in an α-helical bundle to pull two membranes together. Here, we show that vesicle fusion can be suppressed by phosphorylation of core conserved residues inside the SNARE domain. We took a proteomics approach using a PKCB knockout mast cell model and found that the key mast cell secretory protein VAMP8 becomes phosphorylated by PKC at multiple residues in the SNARE domain. Our data suggest that VAMP8 phosphorylation reduces vesicle fusion in vitro and suppresses secretion in living cells, allowing vesicles to dock but preventing fusion with the plasma membrane. Markedly, we show that the phosphorylation motif is absent in all eukaryotic neuronal VAMPs, but present in all other VAMPs. Thus, phosphorylation of SNARE domains is a general mechanism to restrict how much cells secrete, opening the door for new therapeutic strategies for suppression of secretion. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0173517 | Genomic diversity within the haloalkaliphilic genus Thioalkalivibrio | Thioalkalivibrio is a genus of obligate chemolithoautotrophic haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Their habitat are soda lakes which are dual extreme environments with a pH range from 9. 5 to 11 and salt concentrations up to saturation. More than 100 strains of this genus have been isolated from various soda lakes all over the world, but only ten species have been effectively described yet. Therefore, the assignment of the remaining strains to either existing or novel species is important and will further elucidate their genomic diversity as well as give a better general understanding of this genus. Recently, the genomes of 76 Thioalkalivibrio strains were sequenced. On these, we applied different methods including (i) 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, (ii) Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) based on eight housekeeping genes, (iii) Average Nucleotide Identity based on BLAST (ANIb) and MUMmer (ANIm), (iv) Tetranucleotide frequency correlation coefficients (TETRA), (v) digital DNA:DNA hybridization (dDDH) as well as (vi) nucleotide- and amino acid-based Genome BLAST Distance Phylogeny (GBDP) analyses. We detected a high genomic diversity by revealing 15 new "genomic" species and 16 new "genomic" subspecies in addition to the ten already described species. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses showed that the genus is not monophyletic, because four strains were clearly separated from the other Thioalkalivibrio by type strains from other genera. Therefore, it is recommended to classify the latter group as a novel genus. The biogeographic distribution of Thioalkalivibrio suggested that the different "genomic" species can be classified as candidate disjunct or candidate endemic species. This study is a detailed genome-based classification and identification of members within the genus Thioalkalivibrio. However, future phenotypical and chemotaxonomical studies will be needed for a full species description of this genus. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W2010579703 | High-quality single crystalline NiO with twin phases grown on sapphire substrate by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy | High-quality single crystalline twin phase NiO grown on sapphire substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy is reported. X-ray rocking curve analysis of NiO films grown at different temperatures indicates a minimum full width at half maximum of the cubic (111) diffraction peak of 0.107° for NiO film grown at as low as 550 °C. Detailed microstructural analysis by Φ scan X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveal that the NiO film consists of large single crystalline domains with two different crystallographic orientations which are rotated relative to each other along the [111] axis by 60°. These single crystal domains are divided by the twin phase boundaries. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1007/s40265-014-0248-y | Evolution of drug resistance in tuberculosis: Recent progress and implications for diagnosis and therapy | Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a growing threat to global public health. Recent efforts to understand the evolution of drug resistance have shown that changes in drug-target interactions are only the first step in a longer adaptive process. The emergence of transmissible drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the result of a multitude of additional genetic mutations, many of which interact, a phenomenon known as epistasis. The varied effects of these epistatic interactions include compensating for the reduction of the biological cost associated with the development of drug resistance, increasing the level of resistance, and possibly accommodating broader changes in the physiology of resistant bacteria. Knowledge of these processes and our ability to detect them as they happen informs the development of diagnostic tools and better control strategies. In particular, the use of whole genome sequencing combined with surveillance efforts in the field could provide a powerful instrument to prevent future epidemics of drug-resistant tuberculosis. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1016/j.jhep.2012.11.022 | MiR-133a mediates TGF-β-dependent derepression of collagen synthesis in hepatic stellate cells during liver fibrosis | Background & Aims: miRNAs are novel regulators of organ fibrosis. miR-133a plays a role in cardiac and muscle remodeling, but its function in the liver is unclear. We therefore aimed at evaluating a possible function of miR-133a in hepatofibrogenesis. Methods: miR-133a levels were measured in whole liver samples from different murine hepatic fibrosis models and human liver tissue from patients with liver cirrhosis. The cell-specific regulation of miR-133a was assessed in FACS-sorted hepatic cell subpopulations. Murine and human primary hepatic stellate cells (HSC) were isolated and treated with different cytokines to evaluate upstream regulators of miR-133a. Moreover, GRX cells were transfected with synthetic miR-133a and the effect on extracellular matrix (ECM) gene regulation was assessed. Finally, miR-133a serum levels were measured in a cohort of patients with chronic liver diseases and correlated with disease progression. Results: Overall miR-133a expression levels were unchanged in whole RNA extracts from fibrotic murine and human livers. However, miR-133a was specifically downregulated in HSC during fibrogenesis. Treatment of primary murine and human HSC with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β resulted in a significant downregulation of miR-133a in these cells. In turn, overexpression of miR-133a in primary murine HSC led to decreased expression of collagens. In addition, miR-133a serum levels were increased in patients with chronic liver disease and indicated the presence and progression of liver cirrhosis. Conclusions: Evidence is presented for a novel antifibrotic functional role of miR-133a in hepatofibrogenesis. miR-133a may thus represent a target for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in liver fibrosis. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
10.1038/s41598-017-15255-2 | Site Specific Modification of Adeno-Associated Virus Enables Both Fluorescent Imaging of Viral Particles and Characterization of the Capsid Interactome | Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are attractive gene therapy vectors due to their low toxicity, high stability, and rare integration into the host genome. Expressing ligands on the viral capsid can re-target AAVs to new cell types, but limited sites have been identified on the capsid that tolerate a peptide insertion. Here, we incorporated a site-specific tetracysteine sequence into the AAV serotype 9 (AAV9) capsid, to permit labelling of viral particles with either a fluorescent dye or biotin. We demonstrate that fluorescently labelled particles are detectable in vitro, and explore the utility of the method in vivo in mice with time-lapse imaging. We exploit the biotinylated viral particles to generate two distinct AAV interactomes, and identify several functional classes of proteins that are highly represented: actin/cytoskeletal protein binding, RNA binding, RNA splicing/processing, chromatin modifying, intracellular trafficking and RNA transport proteins. To examine the biological relevance of the capsid interactome, we modulated the expression of two proteins from the interactomes prior to AAV transduction. Blocking integrin αVβ6 receptor function reduced AAV9 transduction, while reducing histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) expression enhanced AAV transduction. Our method demonstrates a strategy for inserting motifs into the AAV capsid without compromising viral titer or infectivity. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering"
]
|
220551 | Electric field imaging of single molecular charges by a quantum sensor | Precision measurements are a key application of quantum technology. They have brought record precision in time measurement or outstanding sensitivity in measuring a whole wealth of quantities. Bringing such measurements to the nanoscale is new. If those quantum sensor function under a variety of environments, including ambient or physiological condition they promise unprecedented application.
SMel aims to exploit the outstanding nanoscale quantum sensing capabilities of spin defects to achieve highly sensitive charge detection down to single elementary charges under ambient conditions. On top of that the project aims to detect and image molecular polarizability with sub-molecular resolution. This will allow to use spin defects as quantum sensors to measure resonant infrared excitation with sub-molecular resolution. It is the visionary aim of SMel to refine these methods to such an extent, that charge transfer inside a single biomolecular photosynthetic reaction centre can be detected and imaged. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.1007/s00334-011-0322-2 | Experimental approaches to understanding variation in grain size in Panicum miliaceum (broomcorn millet) and its relevance for interpreting archaeobotanical assemblages | The dimensions of archaeobotanical grains identified as Panicum miliaceum (broomcorn millet) vary greatly in size. This is illustrated by the remains from the archaeological site of Zanovskoe in eastern Ukraine (5th-1st centuries cal. b. c. ). We carried out experimental work on broomcorn millet plants and grains, aiming at a comprehensive understanding of factors that may have contributed to variation in the grain size of broomcorn millet in archaeobotanical assemblages. We analyzed the dependence of grain size variation on selected environmental and taphonomic factors. Our results indicate that immaturity is more likely than environmental stress to account for small grain size in broomcorn millet plants. Depending on charring temperature and time, immature broomcorn millet grains can withstand charring and are potentially preserved in archaeological assemblages. Depending on maturity level, such grains vary in size and shape. These results are potentially important for accurate identification of archaeobotanical specimens. | [
"The Study of the Human Past",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
US 2005/0001118 W | METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS FOR RHEOLOGY MODIFICATION OF AQUEOUS SOLUBLE SALT SOLUTIONS | A method of making a rheology modified aqueous salt solution includes adding thereto, a non-hydratable clay, as defined, and at least one compound capable of contributing, in solution, a divalent metal cation and a trivalent metal cation; and then adjusting the pH to a specific range. A dry composition comprising at least one compound capable of contributing the designated cations and, optionally, the non-hydratable clay is also disclosed. This invention is particularly applicable to drilling fluids, and more particulady to such fluids used in coastal and deepsea drillsites where the presence of salinity has been known to significantly reduce the effectiveness of clays as thickening agents. | [
"Materials Engineering",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1142/9789814405072_0039 | Acceleration Of Cosmic Rays At Supernova Remnant Shocks Constraints From Gamma Ray Observations | In the past few years, gamma-ray astronomy has entered a golden age. At TeV energies, only a handful of sources were known a decade ago, but the current generation of ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes has increased this number to more than one hundred. At GeV energies, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has increased the number of known sources by nearly an order of magnitude in its first 2 years of operation. The recent detection and unprecedented morphological studies of gamma-ray emission from shell-type supernova remnants is of great interest, as these analyses are directly linked to the long standing issue of the origin of the cosmic-rays. However, these detections still do not constitute a conclusive proof that supernova remnants accelerate the bulk of Galactic cosmic-rays, mainly due to the difficulty of disentangling the hadronic and leptonic contributions to the observed gamma-ray emission. In this talk, I will review the most relevant cosmic ray related results of gamma ray astronomy concerning supernova remnants. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.1016/j.imlet.2014.06.013 | The immunology of pregnancy: Regulatory T cells control maternal immune tolerance toward the fetus | Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy represents a challenge for the maternal immune system since it has to defend against pathogens and tolerate paternal alloantigens expressed in fetal tissues. Regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of suppressor CD4+ T cells, play a dominant role in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance by preventing immune and autoimmune responses against self-antigens. Although localized mechanisms contribute to fetal evasion from immune attack, in the last few years it has been observed that Treg cells are essential in promoting fetal survival avoiding the recognition of paternal semi-allogeneic tissues by maternal immune system. Several functional studies have shown that unexplained infertility, miscarriage and pre-clampsia are often associated with deficit in Treg cell number and function while normal pregnancy selectively stimulates the accumulation of maternal forkhead-box-P3+ (FoxP3+) CD4+ Treg cells with fetal specificity. Some papers have been reported that the number of Treg cells persists at elevated levels long after delivery developing an immune regulatory memory against father's antigens, moreover these memory Treg cells rapidly proliferate during subsequent pregnancies, however, on the other hand, there are several evidence suggesting a clear decline of Treg cells number after delivery. Different factors such as cytokines, adipokines, pregnancy hormones and seminal fluid have immunoregulatory activity and influence the success of pregnancy by increasing Treg cell number and activity. The development of strategies capable of modulating immune responses toward fetal antigens through Treg cell manipulation, could have an impact on the induction of tolerance against fetal antigens during immune-mediated recurrent abortion. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.03.010 | A comparative study of statistical models for nuclear equation of state of stellar matter | We compare three different statistical models for the equation of state (EOS) of stellar matter at subnuclear densities and temperatures (0. 5-10 MeV) expected to occur during the collapse of massive stars and supernova explosions. The models introduce the distributions of various nuclear species in nuclear statistical equilibrium, but use somewhat different nuclear physics inputs. It is demonstrated that the basic thermodynamical quantities of stellar matter under these conditions are similar, except in the region of high densities and low temperatures. We demonstrate that mass and isotopic distributions have considerable differences related to the different assumptions of the models on properties of nuclei at these stellar conditions. Overall, the three models give similar trends, but the details reflect the uncertainties related to the modeling of medium effects, such as the temperature and density dependence of surface and bulk energies of heavy nuclei, and the nuclear shell structure effects. We discuss importance of new physics inputs for astrophysical calculations from experimental data obtained in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions, in particular, the similarities of the conditions reached during supernova explosions and multifragmentation reactions. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
W2811353811 | Effect of spatial variations and desiccation cracks on the DPHP and MPHP sensors | Abstract In sensing soil-moisture, there are inherent field related issues such as uncertainty and unpredictable distribution of minute amounts of trapped water and morphological changes of soil such as lumps and cracks due to desiccation. This poses problems for measurements done using a dual-probe heat-pulse (DPHP) technique that uses a narrow cylindrical sampling zone between heater and temperature probes. Thus, DPHP sensors are susceptible to errors. Hence, we studied and compared single-point and multi-point soil-moisture measurements using the heat-pulse technique. For this, we designed and developed a multi-point heat-pulse (MPHP) sensor with three temperature probes that enhanced the sampling zone to a volume of 840 mm3, which is three times that of the DPHP sensor. Sequentially deployed DPHP and MPHP sensors with spatial variations revealed that the maximum difference between the measured percentage of moisture from the DPHP sensor and standard oven-dried instrument was more than 10%, whereas for the MPHP sensor the discrepancy was only around 3%. Furthermore, when cracks appeared in the soil mass, it was observed that the discrepancy of DPHP sensor is around 16% while that for the MPHP sensor was still only 3%. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
169632 | Energy efficiency complaint products 2014 | The objective of EEPLIANT 2014 (Energy Efficiency Compliant Products 2014) is to help deliver the intended economic and environmental benefits of the Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC and the Energy Labelling Directive 2010/30/EU by strengthening market surveillance and increasing compliance with the Directives and the relevant implementing measures. EEPLIANT 2014 will achieve this by:
-Implementing systems that coordinate, in the most cost-effective manner, the monitoring, verification and enforcement of ecodesign and energy labelling requirements across the European Single Market;
-Increasing the adoption of best practice amongst Market Surveillance Authorities (MSAs).
The Consortium (13 MSAs and PROSAFE) will design, carry out and evaluate coordinated market surveillance actions across three different product sectors over the next two years. It will deliver a higher level of surveillance activities that go beyond testing and will target products that represent the highest energy saving potential. The consortium will work closely with other non-participating MSAs across the EEA through its liaison with the Energy Labelling and the Ecodesign ADCOs. Additionally, the Consortium will work together with a Steering Board comprising of business, consumer organisations and environmental NGOs to draw on their knowledge and experience and to communicate through them with all stakeholders about the progress and results of the project.
The expected results are:
-Adoption by Member States of best practices on how to conduct market surveillance most effectively.
-Greater compliance due to increased market surveillance of products in the EEA with the Implementing Measures of the Energy Labelling and Ecodesign Directives.
-Increased awareness of (and respect for) market surveillance by industry and amongst users.
-Market surveillance being undertaken in a more cost effective and consistent manner across the EEA with an overall greater impact in the product sectors investigated. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1186/s12864-018-4441-3 | Genetical genomics of growth in a chicken model | Background: The genetics underlying body mass and growth are key to understanding a wide range of topics in biology, both evolutionary and developmental. Body mass and growth traits are affected by many genetic variants of small effect. This complicates genetic mapping of growth and body mass. Experimental intercrosses between individuals from divergent populations allows us to map naturally occurring genetic variants for selected traits, such as body mass by linkage mapping. By simultaneously measuring traits and intermediary molecular phenotypes, such as gene expression, one can use integrative genomics to search for potential causative genes. Results: In this study, we use linkage mapping approach to map growth traits (N = 471) and liver gene expression (N = 130) in an advanced intercross of wild Red Junglefowl and domestic White Leghorn layer chickens. We find 16 loci for growth traits, and 1463 loci for liver gene expression, as measured by microarrays. Of these, the genes TRAK1, OSBPL8, YEATS4, CEP55, and PIP4K2B are identified as strong candidates for growth loci in the chicken. We also show a high degree of sex-specific gene-regulation, with almost every gene expression locus exhibiting sex-interactions. Finally, several trans-regulatory hotspots were found, one of which coincides with a major growth locus. Conclusions: These findings not only serve to identify several strong candidates affecting growth, but also show how sex-specificity and local gene-regulation affect growth regulation in the chicken. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1093/femsec/fix172 | Variable plasmid fitness effects and mobile genetic element dynamics across Pseudomonas species | Mobile genetic elements (MGE) such as plasmids and transposons mobilise genes within and between species, playing a crucial role in bacterial evolution via horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Currently, we lack data on variation in MGE dynamics across bacterial host species. We tracked the dynamics of a large conjugative plasmid, pQBR103, and its Tn5042 mercury resistance transposon, in five diverse Pseudomonas species in environments with and without mercury selection. Plasmid fitness effects and stability varied extensively between host species and environments, as did the propensity for chromosomal capture of the Tn5042 mercury resistance transposon associated with loss of the plasmid. Whereas Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas savastanoi stably maintained the plasmid in both environments, the plasmid was highly unstable in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida, where plasmid-free genotypes with Tn5042 captured to the chromosome invaded to higher frequency under mercury selection. These data confirm that plasmid stability is dependent upon the specific genetic interaction of the plasmid and host chromosome rather than being a property of plasmids alone, and moreover imply that MGE dynamics in diverse natural communities are likely to be complex and driven by a subset of species capable of stably maintaining plasmids that would then act as hubs of HGT. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
10.1073/pnas.1512264112 | Animal origin of 13th-century uterine vellum revealed using noninvasive peptide fingerprinting | Tissue-thin parchment made it possible to produce the first pocket Bibles: Thousands were made in the 13th century. The source of this parchment, often called “uterine vellum,” has been a long-standing controversy in codicology. Use of the Latin term abortivum in many sources has led some scholars to suggest that the skin of fetal calves or sheep was used. Others have argued that it would not be possible to sustain herds if so many pocket Bibles were produced from fetal skins, arguing instead for unexpected alternatives, such as rabbit. Here, we report a simple and objective technique using standard conservation treatments to identify the animal origin of parchment. The noninvasive method is a variant on zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (ZooMS) peptide mass fingerprinting but extracts protein from the parchment surface by using an electrostatic charge generated by gentle rubbing of a PVC eraser on the membrane surface. Using this method, we analyzed 72 pocket Bibles originating in France, England, and Italy and 293 additional parchment samples that bracket this period. We found no evidence for the use of unexpected animals; however, we did identify the use of more than one mammal species in a single manuscript, consistent with the local availability of hides. These results suggest that ultrafine vellum does not necessarily derive from the use of abortive or newborn animals with ultrathin hides, but could equally well reflect a production process that allowed the skins of maturing animals of several species to be rendered into vellum of equal quality and fineness. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"The Study of the Human Past"
]
|
10.1002/ppul.23216 | Peak weight velocity in infancy is negatively associated with lung function in adolescence | Rapid weight gain during infancy increases childhood asthma risk, which might be related to impaired lung function. This study investigated associations between peak weight velocity (PWV) during the first two years of life and spirometric lung function indices at 15 years of age. Methods: Data from 1842 children participating in the GINIplus German birth cohort who underwent spirometry at age 15 were analysed. PWV was calculated from weight measurements obtained between birth and two years of age. Generalised additive models were fitted after adjustment for potential confounding factors (birth weight, height, and age at lung function testing). Results are presented per interquartile range increase (3. 5 kg/year) in PWV. Results: PWV was negatively associated with pre-bronchodilation flow rates after extensive adjustment for potential confounders including asthma: forced expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity (FEF50) decreased by 141 ml/s (95%CI = [-225;-57]), FEF75 by 84 ml/s [-144;-24] and FEF25-75 by 118 ml/s [-192;-44]. FEV1/FVC was also negatively associated with PWV (-0. 750% [-1. 273;-0. 226]) whereas forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were not. Similar results were found for measurements post-bronchodilation. Conclusion: Early life weight gain was negatively associated with flow indices in adolescence, suggesting structural changes in peripheral lungs. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1145/3242969.3242975 | Smell O Message Integration Of Olfactory Notifications Into A Messaging Application To Improve Users Performance | Smell is a powerful tool for conveying and recalling information without requiring visual attention. Previous work identified, however, some challenges caused by user's unfamiliarity with this modality and complexity in the scent delivery. We are now able to overcome these challenges, introducing a training approach to familiarise scent-meaning associations (urgency of a message, and sender identity) and using a controllable device for the scent-delivery. Here we re-validate the effectiveness of smell as notification modality and present findings on the performance of smell in conveying information. In a user study composed of two sessions, we compared the effectiveness of visual, olfactory, and combined visual-olfactory notifications in a messaging application. We demonstrated that olfactory notifications improve users' confidence and performance in identifying the urgency level of a message, with the same reaction time and disruption levels as for visual notifications. We discuss the design implications and opportunities for future work in the domain of multimodal interactions. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1002/chem.201700137 | Hierarchical Growth of Supramolecular Structures Driven by Pimerization of Tetrahedrally Arranged Bipyridinium Units | A shape-persistent molecule, featuring four bipyridinium units, has been synthesized that upon reduction undergoes intermolecular pimerization because of the rigid architecture of the molecule. The pimerization process has been investigated by a variety of techniques, such as absorption measurements, EPR spectroscopy, as well as gamma and pulse radiolysis, and compared with the behavior of a model compound. Computational studies have also been performed to support the experimental data. The most interesting feature of the tetramer is that pimerization occurs only above a threshold concentration of monoreduced species, on the contrary to the model compound. Furthermore, there is an increase of the apparent pimerization constant by increasing the concentration of reduced bipyridinium units. These results have been interpreted by the fact that pimerization is favored in the tetrahedrally shaped molecule because of a cooperative mechanism. Each multiply reduced molecule can indeed undergo multiple intermolecular interactions that enhance the stabilization of the system, also leading to hierarchical supramolecular growth. The resulting supramolecular system formed by such intermolecular pimerization should exhibit a diamond-like structure, as suggested by a simplified modeling approach. The intermolecular nature of the pimerization process occurring in the tetramer has been demonstrated by measuring the corresponding bimolecular rate constant by pulsed radiolysis experiments. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
US 9301950 W | REMOVAL OF ETHYLENE FROM SILANE | Impurities are removed from a silane stream by using a molecular sieve in combination with distillation steps which remove the initial impurities as well as the ethylsilane impurity formed as a result of the molecular sieve treatment. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
884897 | Tools for early and effective reconnaissance in cbrne incidents providing first responders faster information and enabling better management of the control zone | The TERRIFFIC project will deliver a step change in the effectiveness of first responders during the first hours of a Radiological, Nuclear, explosive (RNe) incident. It will lead to reduced response time, less health and safety risks for the response team, and less human intervention in the operation due to higher number of automated processes and extended mobile detection capabilities. TERRIFFIC will enrich the European response to RNe events by a set of modular technology components in a comprehensive system, incl. new detectors, algorithms, drones, robots, dispersion models, information management software and decision support systems. The project will provide detailed information on the applicability of some developments within a chemical and biological (C/B) context.
Dedicated Key Performance Indicators will measure the progress towards targeted performance goals, such as significant acceleration of the time to start terrain interventions due more accurate and near-to-real-time estimation of the control and exclusion zones. Advanced mixed reality technology will be leveraged to provide first responders with ad-hoc available and continuously updated information during operations.
TERRIFFIC is SME-led and practitioner-driven. Leading edge technologies will be provided by the R&D partners, whereas key innovative components will be developed by SMEs already involved in military or first responder markets taking on the commercialisation of the TERRIFFIC System and its components. The practitioners will be strongly involved throughout the development process, components assessment and technology trialling.
The project will leverage results from previous successful FP7 projects, closely cooperate with ENCIRCLE on the CBRN Cluster and market aspects, and with eNOTICE on training and technology testing and assessment. Special attention will be given to standardisation to optimise the integration with future and already applied solutions. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1039/c6ra16025e | Nafion-stabilised bimetallic Pt–Cr nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) | The current study investigated the unique combination of alloying (Pt with Cr) and Nafion stabilisation to reap the benefits of catalyst systems with enhanced catalytic activity and improved durability in PEMFCs. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Materials Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
interreg_2436 | Τerritorial impact of the motorways of the sea in the Εastern Μediterranean Βasin | The project MoS.Med.IA will analyse the impact of MoS on the urban and territorial systems of the Mediterranean regions in order to provide policy makers with wide-reaching economic and territorial information to evaluate Project TEN-T n. 21, which has become one of the main tools for the realization of the European Neighborhood Policy, following the document presented by the High Level Group (President L. de Palacio, 2005). The operational objectives and tools for project implementation are the creation of a Network and Observatory to monitor the economic and territorial interactions between MoS and the urban/territorial systems of the Mediterranean Regions with the support of an Agency that will disseminate the project results. The project MoS.Med.IA and, in general, the Motorways of the Sea (MoS) initiatives are based on Project 21 of the TEN-T programme. These projects concentrate on a wide range of issues related to transport, intermodality and logistics. In particular this project is designed to investigate the effects that MoS will have on territorial and urban systems in the Mediterranean regions and provide decision-makers with the required economic and territorial information to implement the TEN-T 21 project and expand even further towards southern Mediterranean countries. Specific goals and actions include: The creation of a permanent Observatory (an open network for data collection and monitoring) that will eventually include all EU and non-EU Mediterranean regions (NUTS 1 & 2). The network will identify, model and monitor economic and territorial interactions between MoS and the urban/territorial regions. In this context, MoS is understood to include harbour and related logistical infrastructures, fully integrated with highway, railway and airport networks, and permanently connected by shipping lines. All data and analyses will be based on a geographical information system (GIS); An Agency will be established to disseminate project results and other pertinent information to network partners, regional/local administrations and transport operators. The objective is to promote MoS to direct and indirect beneficiaries and improve their awareness on the economic and territorial benefits of MoS. The network will continue to function after the project has completed its goals and partners will continue to raise funds for promotional and advertising activities. Project deliverables include: • Mediterranean Observatory and Agency • Reports on MoS projects financed by national and community funds • Studies on the interactions between MoS and the urban/territorial systems of the Mediterranean regions • Geographical information system • Network web site • Information sharing & monitoring workshops and a final convention to launch the Observatory. | [
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1214/18-ECP140 | Nonconventional Random Matrix Products | Let $\xi _1,\xi _2,. . . $ be independent identically distributed random variables and $F:{\mathbb R}^\ell \to SL_d({\mathbb R})$ be a Borel measurable matrix-valued function. Set $X_n=F(\xi _{q_1(n)},\xi _{q_2(n)},. . . ,\xi _{q_\ell (n)})$ where $0\leq q_1<q_2<. . . <q_\ell $ are increasing functions taking on integer values on integers. We study the asymptotic behavior as $N\to \infty $ of the singular values of the random matrix product $\Pi _N=X_N\cdots X_2X_1$ and show, in particular, that (under certain conditions) $\frac 1N\log \|\Pi _N\|$ converges with probability one as $N\to \infty $. We also obtain similar results for such products when $\xi _i$ form a Markov chain. The essential difference from the usual setting appears since the sequence $(X_n,\, n\geq 1)$ is long-range dependent and nonstationary. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
184683 | Towards a paleotsunami chronology in the southern aegean and levantine seas, eastern mediterranean | In 2004 and 2011, the World witnessed the devastating consequences of Sumatra (Indonesia) and Tohoku (Japan) tsunamis. We realized once again how seriously tsunamis can threaten our lives and infrastructures, and how vital tsunami hazard assessment studies are to reveal especially the recurrence of tsunamis by means of paleotsunami investigations. In the Aegean and the Levantine seas (Eastern Mediterranean), although the historical records report 17 damaging tsunamis during the last 2500 years, the geological records of the paleotsunamis revealed so far in the region are far from providing information useful for reliable tsunami hazard assessments. The proposed research action aims to take a significant step forward towards constructing paleotsunami chronologies in the eastern Mediterranean by investigating the sedimentary sequences of six lagoonal sites located along the south-western and southern coasts of Turkey. The methods for the proposed research comprise piston coring the sequences, high-resolution micro-XRF core scanning, u-channel X-ray radiography, grain-size distribution analysis, and AMS 14C dating. In addition to revealing paleotsunami records in the region, the proposed research will bring new insights on detection of tsunami deposit in sedimentary sequences. Among the methods to be applied, high-resolution micro-XRF core scanning have been utilised in only a few studies before, while u-channel X-ray radiography has never been used in any paleotsunami investigation. Hence, the proposed research will mediate a significant transfer of the knowledge gained in paleolimnology/paleoclimatology/paleoceanography disciplines to paleotsunami research. Another important part of the project will be the organization of stakeholders’ meetings in the important cities of the study area in order to inform people about the scope and the results of the research and to increase the public awareness about tsunamis. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
803763 | China, Law, and Development | The world is in the midst of a sea change in approaches to development. The rise of nationalist politics in the U.S., U.K. and Europe have questioned commitments to global governance at the same time that China has emerged as a champion of globalization, a turn of geo-political events that would have been unfathomable ten years ago. Through its own multi-lateral institutions, China is setting a new agenda for development from Europe to Oceania. China’s approach differs from Anglo/Euro/American approaches to “law and development” (LD). Whereas LD orthodoxy has sought to improve legal institutions in poor states, Chinese do not foster rule of law abroad. Instead, Chinese view law as one set of rules, among others, to facilitate economic transactions and not to foster democratization. This distinction has sparked a global debate about the so-called “China model” as an alternative to LD. Yet there is little empirical data with which to assess the means and ends of China’s expanded footprint, a question with long-term implications for much of the developing world. This project addresses that problem by proposing that even if Chinese cross-border development does not operate through transparent rules, it nonetheless has its own notion of order. The project adopts a multi-sited, mixed method, and interdisciplinary approach—at the intersection of comparative law, developmental studies, and legal anthropology—to understand the nature of China’s order. The project has two objectives:
1. To establish the conceptual bases for the study of China’s approach to law and development by developing the first systematic study of the impacts of Chinese investment on the legal systems of developing economies.
2. To experiment with a comparative research design to theorize how China’s approach suggests a type of order that extends through a conjuncture of regional and local processes and manifests itself differently in diverse contexts. | [
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
10.1007/s00018-015-1914-2 | Control of polarized assembly of actin filaments in cell motility | Actin cytoskeleton remodeling, which drives changes in cell shape and motility, is orchestrated by a coordinated control of polarized assembly of actin filaments. Signal responsive, membrane-bound protein machineries initiate and regulate polarized growth of actin filaments by mediating transient links with their barbed ends, which elongate from polymerizable actin monomers. The barbed end of an actin filament thus stands out as a hotspot of regulation of filament assembly. It is the target of both soluble and membrane-bound agonists as well as antagonists of filament assembly. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms by which various regulators of actin dynamics bind, synergize or compete at filament barbed ends. Two proteins can compete for the barbed end via a mutually exclusive binding scheme. Alternatively, two regulators acting individually at barbed ends may be bound together transiently to terminal actin subunits at barbed ends, leading to the displacement of one by the other. The kinetics of these reactions is a key in understanding how filament length and membrane-filament linkage are controlled. It is also essential for understanding how force is produced to shape membranes by mechano-sensitive, processive barbed end tracking machineries like formins and by WASP-Arp2/3 branched filament arrays. A combination of biochemical and biophysical approaches, including bulk solution assembly measurements using pyrenyl-actin fluorescence, single filament dynamics, single molecule fluorescence imaging and reconstituted self-organized filament assemblies, have provided mechanistic insight into the role of actin polymerization in motile processes. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W2078484976 | Study of the physicochemical characteristics of soursop powder obtained by spray-drying | This study aimed at contributing to the development of new foodstuffs made by soursop pulp powder obtained by spraydrying. Different concentrations of maltodextrin DE 20 (15, 30, and 45%) were added to commercial soursop pulp, which was dehydrated afterwards. The following analyses were carried out: water activity, moisture, pH, soluble solids, acidity, ascorbic acid, hygroscopicity, degree of caking, and rehydration time. The results obtained for the three powder treatments (15, 30 and 45% of maltodextrin) were, respectectively: water activity (0.19a±0.00; 0.20a±0.00; 0.18a±0.01); moisture (1.17c±0.12; 1.47b±0.05; 1.82a±0.06); pH (3.75a±0.05; 3.73a±0.06; 3.70a±0.03); soluble solids (89.67a±0.00; 89.84a±0.00; 90.00a±0.06); acidity (3.01a±0.02; 1.91b±0.03; 1.24c±0.03); ascorbic acid (18.90a±0.00; 14.48b±0.00; 11.26b±0.78); hygroscopicity (5.93a±0.40; 3.82b±0.16; 3.28b±0.38); degree of caking (78.36a±2.86; 35.38b±6.07; 24.77b4.89), and rehydration time (02.03a±0.46; 01.16ab±0.50; 0.59b±0.30). The soursop powders with 30 and 45% of maltodextrin had few significant differences in terms of physicochemical and hygroscopic characteristics, which allow us to consider the percentage of 30% of maltodextrin, in this study, as the best percentage for soursop pulp atomization. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.1109/TITS.2014.2331985 | Feedback Based Mainstream Traffic Flow Control For Multiple Bottlenecks On Motorways | Mainstream traffic flow control (MTFC) enabled via variable speed limits (VSLs) has been investigated in previous studies, utilizing various control strategies. In this paper, an extended feedback control strategy is proposed for MTFC enabled via VSLs, considering multiple-bottleneck locations. Feedback-based results are compared with optimal control results for the evaluation of the controller using a validated macroscopic model. The performance of the feedback controller is shown to approach the optimal control results, despite the fact that many practical and safety restrictions are additionally considered by the feedback controller. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.045 | Influence of the fragmentation process on the dynamics of Vulcanian eruptions: An experimental approach | The dynamics of magma fragmentation is a controlling factor in the behavior of explosive volcanic eruptions. If porous magma is sufficiently decompressed, a fragmentation front develops and travels through the magma at a certain speed (fragmentation speed) while the resulting particles are being ejected. To investigate the influence of the fragmentation process on eruption dynamics, we have performed fragmentation experiments in a shock-tube apparatus using natural volcanic samples with diverse porosities and different applied pressures (4-20. MPa). For each experiment, we simultaneously measured the fragmentation speed and ejection velocities. The results are consistent with a theoretical model based on a 1-D shock-tube theory considering the conservation laws across the fragmentation front. Our results show that a certain pressure threshold has to be exceeded for fragmentation and ejection of the particles to take place and that the fragmentation speed determines the initial conditions of the expansion of the gas-particle mixture. The fragmentation process has a controlling influence on the velocity, density and mass discharge rate per unit area of the gas-particle mixture, all factors which can affect eruption dynamics significantly. The model presented herein may help describe the dynamics of Vulcanian eruptions and improve hazard assessment. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
10.1039/c8ce01364k | Effect of methylation of ionic liquids on the gas separation performance of ionic liquid/metal–organic framework composites | [BMIM][PF6] and its methylated form, [BMMIM][PF6] were incorporated into CuBTC to examine the effect of methylation of ionic liquids (ILs) on the gas separation performance of the corresponding IL/metal–organic framework (MOF) composites. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0042929 | Tracking moving identities: After attending the right location, the identity does not come for free | Although tracking identical moving objects has been studied since the 1980's, only recently the study into tracking moving objects with distinct identities has started (referred to as Multiple Identity Tracking, MIT). So far, only behavioral studies into MIT have been undertaken. These studies have left a fundamental question regarding MIT unanswered, is MIT a one-stage or a two-stage process? According to the one-stage model, after a location has been attended, the identity is released without effort. However, according to the two-stage model, there are two effortful stages in MIT, attending to a location, and attending to the identity of the object at that location. In the current study we investigated this question by measuring brain activity in response to tracking familiar and unfamiliar targets. Familiarity is known to automate effortful processes, so if attention to identify the object is needed, this should become easier. However, if no such attention is needed, familiarity can only affect other processes (such as memory for the target set). Our results revealed that on unfamiliar trials neural activity was higher in both attentional networks, and visual identification networks. These results suggest that familiarity in MIT automates attentional identification processes, thus suggesting that attentional identification is needed in MIT. This then would imply that MIT is essentially a two-stage process, since after attending the location, the identity does not seem to come for free. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
220274 | Social mobility and inequality across italy and europe: 1300-1800 | The goal of SMITE is to improve our knowledge of long-term trends in social mobility, from the decades immediately preceding the Black Death of 1347-49 up until the eve of Industrialization. The objective is not only to measure mobility, but also to understand its consequences for the economy and society at large. Very few data about preindustrial social mobility are available today, especially for southern Europe. SMITE will collect an extensive database about social mobility, measured in different ways including: economic mobility across wealth classes and occupational mobility. Archival research will be concentrated on Italy where excellent sources exist, but the Italian case will be placed in the wider European context. The few existing databases from all over the continent will be collected for comparison and direct research will be done on some regions of Europe beyond Italy, especially in France, Spain and the Low Countries.
SMITE will reconstruct social mobility trends both in growing and in declining areas of Europe. The connection between social mobility and economic growth will be assessed. SMITE will also analyse in detail the connection between long-term changes in social mobility and in economic inequality, which is a novel and potentially very important research avenue. It will receive from an earlier ERC project (EINITE) the largest existing database on preindustrial inequality. It will study whether the growth in economic inequality, which seems to have characterized both northern and southern Europe during the early modern period, went hand in hand with an increase in upward social mobility or whether there were differences across the continent. In fact, upward social mobility might have slowed down in southern Europe from ca. 1600 (as some literature suggests) but not in the North, thus determining in the South a particularly unfavourable combination of high inequality and a closed society which might have contributed to the North-South divergence | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"The Study of the Human Past"
]
|
10.1109/DATE.2011.5763069 | Analytical Heat Transfer Model For Thermal Through Silicon Vias | Thermal issues are one of the primary challenges in 3-D integrated circuits. Thermal through-silicon vias (TTSVs) are considered an effective means to reduce the temperature of 3-D ICs. The effect of the physical and technological parameters of TTSVs on the heat transfer process within 3-D ICs is investigated. Two resistive networks are utilized to model the physical behavior of TTSVs. Based on these models, closed-form expressions are provided describing the flow of heat through TTSVs within a 3-D IC. The accuracy of these models is compared with results from a commercial FEM tool. For an investigated three-plane circuit, the average error of the first and second models is 2% and 4%, respectively. The effect of the physical parameters of TTSVs on the resulting temperature is described through the proposed models. For example, the temperature changes non-monotonically with the thickness of the silicon substrate. This behavior is not described by the traditional single thermal resistance model. The proposed models are used for the thermal analysis of a 3-D DRAM-μP system where the conventional model is shown to considerably overestimate the temperature of the system. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
US 2012/0037185 W | FOLDABLE TRANSPORTABLE STRUCTURE | Disclosed is a foldable transportable structure with a three dimensional rectangular shed roof shape having improved component and structural properties, and improved shipping and deployment capabilities. The integrated unique geometric folding pattern means provides enhanced folding accuracy and correct placement of interactive panels during collapse or assembly of the structure, and also greatly increases the flexibility for multiple unit combinations and component materials selection. The folding transportable structure provides a strong, safe, insulated weatherproof structure with a quick setup time, and requires NO tools or separate loose components for assembly. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.025 | Bulk morphologies of polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) triblock terpolymers | The self-assembly of block copolymers in the bulk phase enables the formation of complex nanostructures with sub 100 nm periodicities and long-range order, both relevant for nanotechnology applications. Here, we map the bulk phase behavior of polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (SBT) triblock terpolymers on a series of narrowly distributed polymers with widely different block volume fractions, PdblS, PdblB and PdblT. In dependence of Pdbl, we find the lamella-lamella, core-shell cylinder, cylinder-in-lamella and core-shell gyroid morphology, but also a rarely observed cylinder-in-lamella phase. The bulk morphologies are thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and display unusually broad stability regions, i. e. morphologies are observed over a broad range of compositions. We attribute this phase behavior to the asymmetric distribution of block-block incompatibilities, along the SBT block sequence, which are relatively large for S/B and S/T interfaces, but small for B/T. The higher enthalpic penalties at the S/B and S/T interface cause B to preferentially spread on the T microdomain thereby adopting its geometry. The morphological behavior of SBT is thus dominated by the volume ratio of the end blocks, PdblS and PdblT, which reduces the number of potential morphologies to only a few, mostly the core-shell analogue of diblock copolymer morphologies. In general, a simplified terpolymer bulk behavior with large stability regions for morphologies offers straightforward synthetic targeting of specific morphologies that usually only appear in a small parameter space as demonstrated here on the core-shell gyroid. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
W2000449117 | Complex formation and background impurity of Oxygen in the PbTe:Eu doped crystals grown from melt by the Bridgman method | Abstract The magnetic field dependence of magnetization M (B) at the temperature 1.72 K in magnetic fields up to 5 T and the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility ( M S ) χ (T) in the temperature range 1.7–400 K of six PbTe:Eu samples with the concentration of Eu impurity of the order of 1×10 19 –1×10 20 cm −3 , prepared from the doped crystals grown from the melt by the Bridgman method, have been investigated. It is shown that the dependence of M (B) and χ (T) can be quantitatively explained by the contribution of the single centers of Eu ions, their pairs, and the matrix of the doped crystals using the same set of parameters for each sample. This is true provided we use in our analysis the values of the exchange integrals between Eu ions in EuO normalized with the lattice constant of PbTe, i.e., J 1 /k B =0.056 K for the ferromagnetic interaction of the NN (nearest neighbor) pairs and J 2 /k B =−0.13 K for the antiferromagnetic interaction of the NNN (next nearest neighbor) pairs, as well as different values of the M S of crystal χ matrix . It is revealed that the probability of the formation of complexes based on the magnetic impurity pairs is higher in the incipient section of a doped ingot, and it decreases towards the ingot end where the single centers of Eu ions become the only centers of the impurity. We conclude that the pairs of Eu 2+ ions, which are formed during the growth of the PbTe:Eu ingots from melt by the Bridgman method, are the constituents of the complexes of the magnetic impurities with the background Oxygen impurities in the crystal matrix of the doped lead telluride. It is shown that the formation of the complexes leads to an increase of the M S of crystal matrix χ matrix and can even cause the change of its sign from minus to plus, i.e., it can convert the crystal matrix from the diamagnetic to paramagnetic state. The possible causes of this effect are analyzed. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
W2123087115 | Temporary CO2 Capture Shut Down: Implications on Low Pressure Steam Turbine Design and Efficiency | The Natural gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) with post combustion capture using liquid solvents may in some cases be of interest to design with a flexible steam bottoming cycle, so that it can operate both with and without CO2 capture. It is then important that the choice of the low pressure (LP) steam turbine exhaust size is made accordingly. The paper describes why a flexible NGCC requires a LP steam turbine with smaller exhaust than the corresponding NGCC without CO2 capture, and how this will affect the LP turbine exhaust loss and NGCC process efficiency. Handling large variations in LP steam flow is in fact wellknown technology in combined heat and power (CHP) plants, and the use of 3D simulation tools can further help making the best LP steam turbine design choice. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). (Less) | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1038/mt.2013.51 | Oncolytic adenovirus with temozolomide induces autophagy and antitumor immune responses in cancer patients | Oncolytic adenoviruses and certain chemotherapeutics can induce autophagy and immunogenic cancer cell death. We hypothesized that the combination of oncolytic adenovirus with low-dose temozolomide (TMZ) is safe, effective, and capable of inducing antitumor immune responses. Metronomic low-dose cyclophosphamide (CP) was added to selectively reduce regulatory T-cells. Preclinically, combination therapy inhibited tumor growth, increased autophagy, and triggered immunogenic cell death as indicated by elevated calreticulin, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release, and nuclear protein high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) secretion. A total of 41 combination treatments given to 17 chemotherapy-refractory cancer patients were well tolerated. We observed anti- and proinflammatory cytokine release, evidence of virus replication, and induction of neutralizing antibodies. Tumor cells showed increased autophagy post-treatment. Release of HMGB1 into serum - a possible indicator of immune response - increased in 60% of treatments, and seemed to correlate with tumor-specific T-cell responses, observed in 10/15 cases overall (P = 0. 0833). Evidence of antitumor efficacy was seen in 67% of evaluable treatments with a trend for increased survival over matched controls treated with virus only. In summary, the combination of oncolytic adenovirus with low-dose TMZ and metronomic CP increased tumor cell autophagy, elicited antitumor immune responses, and showed promising safety and efficacy. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
W2266055012 | Seismic spectral decomposition and inversion for buried channels delineation: a case study from the Asmari Reservoir, southwestern Iran | Dense data sampling in 3D seismic surveys provides a clear image from subsurface layers, but it may fail in the cases where the thickness of a layer is below seismic resolution (e.g. thin beds and channels). Seismic spectral decomposition and inversion are among methods that can help us to delineate and study the sub-seismic resolution features.
This paper shows how the buried channels of the Asmari formation in an oil field located in southwest Iran were delineated and are studied using seismic spectral decomposition and inversion. The Gabor wavelet transform was used to divide seismic frequency spectra into eight bands out of which three frequency bands with central frequencies of 24, 29, and 35 Hz have been selected for RGB blending for its perfectness in exposing the channels.
Several distinct channels were detected at 15ms interval below the top of the Asmari formation. The P-impedance data coincide with the findings further giving information on lithological aspects. Detailed delineation of the channels became possible by using the Matching Pursuit Decomposition (MPD) method.
In order to delineate sub-seismic resolution features, spectral decomposition is used to transform time-domain seismic data into the frequency domain and then the special elements corresponding to these subsurface features are enhanced with spectral blending. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
interreg_1384 | Framework initiative fostering the sustainable development of Adriatic small ports | FRAMESPORT project will perform a coordinated initiative supporting an integrated and sustainable development of small ports in a strategic perspective, thus allowing them to be pro-active socio-economic drivers of the development in the Adriatic coasts. Such a strategic objective calls for a multifaceted approach, including both the adoption of concrete pilot actions as well as identification of priority themes to be promoted within the overall strategy. Priorities will be individuated by means of a bottom-up approach, involving local and national stakeholders since the project inception phase. Partners, which has been chosen in order to guarantee a wide territorial approach, will address planning and management topics, business models implementation, enhancement of training and competence, as well as develop ICT tools and services, thus supporting an effective development of small ports in the whole IT-HR area. Furthermore, a tailor-made ICT platform will collect and systematize relevant key data on small ports to be shared as starting point of any further development. FRAMESPORT will build on existing knowledge and capitalize results of pilot initiatives by integrating them in a new strategic framework boosting small-scale maritime nodes performances along the Adriatic coasts. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
Q4420603 | Support for the maintenance of the business activity of the company MOJDODYR SPÓŁKA WITH LIMITED RESPONSIBILITY COMMANDITIVE COMPANY in a situation of a significant decrease in turnover due to COVID-19 | The project concerns support for working capital of the company MOJDODYR Sp. z o.o. with limited liability of the COMMANDITOWA company indicated in point II.1 in the event of a significant decrease in turnover (revenue from sales) due to the disruption of the economy due to COVID-19. The aid will be used to maintain the activities of a company that is in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in a situation of sudden shortage or lack of liquidity. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1038/srep37694 | Creating new layered structures at high pressures: SiS<inf>2</inf> | Old and novel layered structures are attracting increasing attention for their physical, electronic, and frictional properties. SiS2, isoelectronic to SiO2, CO2 and CS2, is a material whose phases known experimentally up to 6 GPa exhibit 1D chain-like, 2D layered and 3D tetrahedral structures. We present highly predictive ab initio calculations combined with evolutionary structure search and molecular dynamics simulations of the structural and electronic evolution of SiS2 up to 100 GPa. A highly stable CdI2-type layered structure, which is octahedrally coordinated with space group P3m1 surprisingly appears between 4 and up to at least 100 GPa. The tetrahedral-octahedral switch is naturally expected upon compression, unlike the layered character realized here by edge-sharing SiS6 octahedral units connecting within but not among sheets. The predicted phase is semiconducting with an indirect band gap of about 2 eV at 10 GPa, decreasing under pressure until metallization around 40 GPa. The robustness of the layered phase suggests possible recovery at ambient pressure, where calculated phonon spectra indicate dynamical stability. Even a single monolayer is found to be dynamically stable in isolation, suggesting that it could possibly be sheared or exfoliated from bulk P3m1-SiS2. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.26508/lsa.201800060 | Dynamic reorganisation of intermediate filaments coordinates early B-cell activation | During B-cell activation, the dynamic reorganisation of the cytoskeleton is crucial for multiple cellular responses, such as receptor signalling, cell spreading, antigen internalisation, intracellular trafficking, and antigen presentation. However, the role of intermediate filaments (IFs), which represent a major component of the mammalian cytoskeleton, is not well defined. Here, by using multiple super-resolution microscopy techniques, including direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, we show that IFs in B cells undergo drastic reorganisation immediately upon antigen stimulation and that this reorganisation requires actin and microtubules. Although the loss of vimentin in B cells did not impair B-cell development, receptor signalling, and differentiation, vimentin-deficient B cells exhibit altered positioning of antigen-containing and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1+) compartments, implying that vimentin may play a role in the fine-tuning of intracellular trafficking. Indeed, vimentin-deficient B cells exhibit impaired antigen presentation and delayed antibody responses in vivo. Thus, our study presents a new perspective on the role of IFs in B-cell activation. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy"
]
|
W2919281982 | Thermal maturity structures in an accretionary wedge by a numerical simulation | This study investigates the thermal maturity structure of the accretionary wedge along with the thermal history of sediments during wedge formation using a numerical simulation. The thermal maturity, which is described in terms of vitrinite reflectance, is determined using the temperature and duration of exposure based on the particle trajectories within the accretionary wedge. This study revealed the variability in the thermal maturity even though sediments are observed to originate at an identical initial depth and thermal conditions. We propose two end-member pathways of sediment movement in the accretionary wedge during wedge growth: a shallow, low thermal maturity pathway and a deep, high thermal maturity pathway. These shallow path sediments, which move into the shallow portion of the wedge during wedge growth through accretion, rarely experience high temperatures; therefore, their thermal maturity is low. However, the sediments subducted in the deep portion of the wedge experience high temperatures and obtain high thermal maturity as a function of the deep high thermal maturity pathway. Simultaneously, a geological deformation event, such as faulting, defines the steps of thermal maturity. The small step of thermal maturity is formed by the frontal thrusting and can be preserved as a function of the shallow low thermal maturity pathway. However, the step is overprinted and is observed to disappear through the deep high thermal maturity pathway. The large step of thermal maturity is formed by long-term displacement along an out-of-sequence thrust (OOST) in the deep portion of the wedge. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1007/978-3-642-22113-2_26 | Young Massive Stellar Clusters In The Milky Way The Cl1813 178 And Glimpse 9 Clusters | Most of the stars, if not all, form in clusters, and clusters are generally found in large complexes. However, only a few of such complexes produce young massive clusters. We present first result of an ongoing study to fully map in time and space stellar clusters in two Galactic giant molecular clouds with the aim of understanding how star formation proceeded in the cloud, and of identifying the triggering mechanism. The W33 and GAL23. 3-0. 3 complexes are both located in the inner Galaxy, and are rich of HII regions, supernova remnants, and candidate clusters. The W33 complex contains one of the most massive Galactic stellar cluster with a mass of (104) M ⊙, and an age of 4. 5 Myrs. The cluster location at the edge of the molecular complex suggests that this is a secondary episod of star formation. The GAL23. 3-0. 3 appears to contain much older massive stars (∼15 Myr). | [
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
10.1088/0957-0233/24/5/057001 | Real Time Correction Of Geometric Distortion Artefacts In Large Volume Optical Coherence Tomography | Large-volume optical coherence tomography (OCT) setups employ scanning mirrors and suffer from geometric distortion artefacts in which the degree of distortion is determined by the maximum angles over which the mirrors rotate. In this note, we describe a straightforward coordinate transformation scheme to correct for these artefacts in three dimensions, creating an alternative to previously reported ray-tracing schemes. We demonstrate that this recalibration procedure can be applied in real time by implementing the proposed algorithm on the graphics card of a standard computer, making it useful for topography applications. The accuracy of the proposed calibration procedure is validated over an imaging volume of 12. 35?10. 13?2. 36?mm3?using optical moir? measurements of a highly curved object. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.044 | Reconstructing historical atmospheric mercury deposition in Western Europe using: Misten peat bog cores, Belgium | Four sediment cores were collected in 2008 from the Misten ombrotrophic peat bog in the Northern part of the Hautes Fagnes Plateau in Belgium. Total mercury (Hg) concentrations were analyzed to investigate the intra-site variability in atmospheric Hg deposition over the past 1500years. Mercury concentrations in the four cores ranged from 16 to 1100μgkg-1, with the maxima between 840 and 1100μgkg-1. A chronological framework was established using radiometric 210Pb and 14C dating of two cores (M1 and M4). Pollen horizons from these two cores were correlated with data from two additional cores, providing a consistent dating framework between all the sites. There was good agreement between atmospheric Hg accumulation rates in the four cores over time based on precise age dating and pollen chronosequences. The average Hg accumulation rate before the influence of human activities (from 500 to 1300AD) was 1. 8±1μgm-2y-1 (2SD). Maximum Hg accumulation rates ranged from 90 to 200μgm-2y-1 between 1930 and 1980AD. During the European-North American Industrial Revolution, the mean Hg accumulation rate exceeded the pre-Industrial values by a factor of 63. Based on comparisons with historical records of anthropogenic activities in Europe and Belgium, the predominant regional anthropogenic sources of Hg during and after the Industrial Revolution were coal burning and smelter Hg emissions. Mercury accumulation rates and chronologies in the Misten cores were consistent with those reported for other European peat records. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
219677 | Extending artificial intelligence revolution in the waste field beyond sorting | Current WTPs (Waste Treatment Plants) aren’t able to recover all the valuable waste they process, indeed more valuable materials are lost and landfilled or incinerated. The reason of this wasteful spending is clear: current methods do not allow an increase in material recuperation in a cost-effective way: the incremental cost of recovering more materials is bigger than the market value of the additional materials recovered. Losses can reach 2,5M€/yr of high-value waste PET/HDPE plastics, cans, cartons). Current technologies aren’t enough to meet EU regulations like directive 2008/98/EC, which requires that 50% of household waste is recovered by 2020.
Based in our 1st product (Wall-B), SADAKO has developed RUBSEE, a disruptive real-time monitoring system (using Computer vision+Artificial intelligence) of waste flows in a WTP in order to optimize the performance/operation thereof and the recovery of different materials. RUBSEE will allow waste industry improve its economic, regulatory compliance and environmental performance with a solution that is cost efficient and complementary to actual solutions. In order to address present industry need, our goal is to scale from detecting just PET to HDPE, Cans and Bricks, increase/reach detection levels for each material up to >95%, and boost its TRL from 6 to 9.
An average WTP plant, processes 7tn/h of urban waste with 39% content of PET, HDPE and Cans and recovers 6000 tn/year of PET, HDPE & Cans. Thanks to RUBSEE data, current equipment performance can be improved up to 20% by adapting their parameters to the variability of the waste flow on real time. This means 1200 Tn/year, increasing revenues up to 421,200€/yr for an average customer. Assuming that the complete RUBSEE installation cost amounts 142,000 € (10 RUBSEE units + 6000 €/yr Maintenance costs), the investment payback will be 4.2 months for our clients.
Thanks to this RUBSEE project, we expect a boost of the incomes (NET profit associated to RUBSEE: 2,3M€ in 2022) | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
US 2011/0028375 W | PLANT HEALTH COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A WATER-SOLUBLE PESTICIDE AND A WATER-INSOLUBLE AGROCHEMICAL | Compositions for improving plant health, the compositions comprising at least one water-soluble pesticide and at least one non-herbicidal water-insoluble agrochemical, are described. Also described are processes for preparing the compositions and methods of improving agronomic crop plant health using the compositions. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
336041 | Developing Multispecific Biological Agents that Target Tumor Neovasculature for Cancer Imaging and Therapy | The dysregulation of signaling pathways that mediate cell proliferation, survival and migration is an underlying cause of many cancers. In particular, dysregulation and over-expression of avb3 integrin, membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP; also known as matrix metalloproteinase-14, MMP14) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) correlate with poor prognosis in many human tumors, making these proteins attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Numerous papers have demonstrated the cross-talk between biological processes mediated by αvβ3 integrins, MT1-MMP, VEGFR2, and their ligands, particularly pathways responsible for angiogenesis. Dual-specific proteins that can target and inhibit the activity of the above multiple receptors therefore have superior potential to single-targeted agents due to differential expression of these disease markers in different patients and the ability of this expression to change over time. Most currently available bispecific protein therapeutics comprise antibodies (Abs) or antibody fragments. The new approach proposed here entails rational and combinatorial methods for engineering multispecificity into small peptides and natural protein ligands to function as non-immunoglobulin alternatives to antibodies. In this innovative approach to creating dual-specific proteins, an additional functionality is introduced into a small peptide or into a natural protein ligand to complement its existing biological properties. We predict that this approach will form a major part of a highly effective strategy for creating ligand-based multispecific receptor inhibitors and molecular tools for protein recognition. We envision that protein variants generated from these efforts will promote the next generation of therapeutics including, but not limited to, molecular imaging agents, targeted drug delivery agents, and selective tissue targeting probes. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering"
]
|
10.1109/COMST.2015.2448692 | 20 Years Of Turbo Coding And Energy Aware Design Guidelines For Energy Constrained Wireless Applications | During the last two decades, wireless communication has been revolutionized by near-capacity error-correcting codes (ECCs), such as turbo codes (TCs), which offer a lower bit error ratio (BER) than their predecessors, without requiring an increased transmission energy consumption (EC). Hence, TCs have found widespread employment in spectrum-constrained wireless communication applications, such as cellular telephony, wireless local area network, and broadcast systems. Recently, however, TCs have also been considered for energy-constrained wireless communication applications, such as wireless sensor networks and the ‘Internet of Things. ’ In these applications, TCs may also be employed for reducing the required transmission EC, instead of improving the BER. However, TCs have relatively high computational complexities, and hence, the associated signal-processing-related ECs are not insignificant. Therefore, when parameterizing TCs for employment in energy-constrained applications, both the processing EC and the transmission EC must be jointly considered. In this tutorial, we investigate holistic design methodologies conceived for this purpose. We commence by introducing turbo coding in detail, highlighting the various parameters of TCs and characterizing their impact on the encoded bit rate, on the radio frequency bandwidth requirement, on the transmission EC and on the BER. Following this, energy-efficient TC decoder application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) architecture designs are exemplified, and the processing EC is characterized as a function of the TC parameters. Finally, the TC parameters are selected in order to minimize the sum of the processing EC and the transmission EC. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
Q4938297 | (16807.19102018.132000388) MAD | IL PROGETTO DI INVESTIMENTO ? RELATIVO ALL'ATTIVAZIONE DI UN NUOVO CANALE DI VENDITA, IN PARTICOLARE E-COMMERCE DA PARTE DI AK INNOVATION SRLVERR? REALIZZATA UNA PIATTAFORMA INFORMATICA ONLINE PER LA VENDITA DI PRODOTTI HARDWARE E SOFTWARE . VERRANNO PIANIFICATE ED ESEGUITE CAMPAGNE DI WEB MARKETING, IN PARTICOLARE SUI SOCIAL NETWORK. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1016/j.epsl.2018.08.005 | Changes in the occurrence of extreme precipitation events at the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum | Future global warming is widely anticipated to increase the occurrence of extreme precipitation events, but such hydrological changes have received limited attention within paleoclimate studies. Several proxy studies of the hydrological response to the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum hyperthermal, ∼56 Ma, have recently invoked changes in the occurrence of extreme precipitation events to explain observations, but these changes have not been studied for the geologic past using climate models. Here, we use a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model, HadCM3L, to study regional changes in metrics for extreme precipitation across the onset of the PETM by comparing simulations performed with possible PETM and pre-PETM greenhouse gas forcings. Our simulations show a shift in the frequency–intensity relationship of precipitation, with extreme events increasing in importance over tropical regions including equatorial Africa and southern America. The incidence of some extreme events increases by up to 70% across the PETM in some regions. While the most extreme precipitation rates tend to relate to increases in convective precipitation, in some regions dynamic changes in atmospheric circulation are also of importance. Although shortcomings in the ability of general circulation models to represent the daily cycle of precipitation and the full range of extreme events precludes a direct comparison of absolute precipitation rates, our simulations provide a useful spatial framework for interpreting hydrological proxies from this time period. Our results indicate that changes in extreme precipitation behaviour may be decoupled from those in mean annual precipitation, including, for example in east Africa, where the change in mean annual precipitation is small but a large increase in the size and frequency of extreme events occurs. This has important implications for the interpretation of the hydrological proxy record and our understanding of climatic, as well as biogeochemical, responses to global warming events. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
10.1128/JVI.00805-17 | Phosphorylation Of Serine 225 In Hepatitis C Virus Ns5A Regulates Protein Protein Interactions | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) is a phosphoprotein that plays key, yet poorly defined, roles in both virus genome replication and virion assembly/release. It has been proposed that differential phosphorylation could act as a switch to regulate the various functions of NS5A; however, the mechanistic details of the role of this posttranslational modification in the virus life cycle remain obscure. We previously reported (D. Ross-Thriepland, J. Mankouri, and M. Harris, J Virol 89:3123-3135, 2015, doi:10. 1128/JVI. 02995-14) a role for phosphorylation at serine 225 (S225) of NS5A in the regulation of JFH-1 (genotype 2a) genome replication. A phosphoablatant (S225A) mutation resulted in a 10-fold reduction in replication and a perinuclear restricted distribution of NS5A, whereas the corresponding phosphomimetic mutation (S225D) had no phenotype. To determine the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenotype we conducted a label-free proteomics approach to identify cellular NS5A interaction partners. This analysis revealed that the S225A mutation disrupted the interactions of NS5A with a number of cellular proteins, in particular the nucleosome assembly protein 1-like protein 1 (NAP1L1), bridging integrator 1 (Bin1, also known as amphiphysin II), and vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A (VAP-A). These interactions were validated by immunoprecipitation/Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and proximity ligation assay. Importantly, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of NAP1L1, Bin1 or VAP-A impaired viral genome replication and recapitulated the perinuclear redistribution of NS5A seen in the S225A mutant. These results demonstrate that S225 phosphorylation regulates the interactions of NS5A with a defined subset of cellular proteins. Furthermore, these interactions regulate both HCV genome replication and the subcellular localization of replication complexes. IMPORTANCE Hepatitis C virus is an important human pathogen. The viral nonstructural 5A protein (NS5A) is the target for new antiviral drugs. NS5A has multiple functions during the virus life cycle, but the biochemical details of these roles remain obscure. NS5A is known to be phosphorylated by cellular protein kinases, and in this study, we set out to determine whether this modification is required for the binding of NS5A to other cellular proteins. We identified 3 such proteins and show that they interacted only with NS5A that was phosphorylated on a specific residue. Furthermore, these proteins were required for efficient virus replication and the ability of NS5A to spread throughout the cytoplasm of the cell. Our results help to define the function of NS5A and may contribute to an understanding of the mode of action of the highly potent antiviral drugs that are targeted to NS5A. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy"
]
|
EP 2013068485 W | METHOD OF INTERCONNECTING A DRILL ROD WITH A DRILL STRING BY MEANS OF A THREADED CONNECTION, ROD HANDLING SYSTEM AND DRILL RIG | A method of interconnecting a drill rod (11') with a drill string (11) by means of a threaded connection (112, 111') is disclosed. The method comprises axially aligning the drill rod (11') with the drill string (11), rotating the drill rod (11') in a disengagement rotational direction of the threaded connection (112, 111'), identifying a rotational position of the drill rod (11') where thread ends of the rod and the drill string (11) slip over each other, stopping said rotating within a predetermined period of identifying the rotational position, and rotating the drill rod (11') in an engagement direction, such that the drill rod (11') is interconnected with the drill string (11) by the threaded connection (112, 111'). | [
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.3847/0004-637X/830/2/74 | No Evidence For Activity Correlations In The Radial Velocities Of Kapteyn S Star | Stellar activity may induce Doppler variability at the level of a few m/s which can then be confused by the Doppler signal of an exoplanet orbiting the star. To first order, linear correlations between radial velocity measurements and activity indices have been proposed to account for any such correlation. The likely presence of two super-Earths orbiting Kapteyn's star was reported in Anglada et al. (2014, MNRAS 443L, 89A), but this claim was recently challenged by Robertson et al. (2015, ApJ 805L, 22R) arguing evidence of a rotation period (143 days) at three times the orbital period of one of the proposed planets (Kapteyn's b, P=48. 6 days), and the existence of strong linear correlations between its Doppler signal and activity data. By re-analyzing the data using global optimization methods and model comparison, we show that such claim is incorrect given that; 1) the choice of a rotation period at 143 days is unjustified, and 2) the presence of linear correlations is not supported by the data. We conclude that the radial velocity signals of Kapteyn's star remain more simply explained by the presence of two super-Earth candidates orbiting it. We also advocate for the use of global optimization procedures and objective arguments, instead of claims lacking of a minimal statistical support. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
W2153187101 | Getting sports injury prevention on to public health agendas – addressing the shortfalls in current information sources | Public health policy is a successful population-level strategy for injury prevention but it is yet to be widely applied to the sports sector. Such policy is generally coordinated by government health departments concerned with the allocation of limited resources to health service delivery and preventive programs for addressing large community health issues. Prioritisation of sports injury prevention (SIP) requires high-quality evidence about the size of the problem and its public health burden; identification of at-risk vulnerable groups; confirmed effective prevention solutions; evidence of intervention cost-effectiveness; and quantification of both financial and policy implications of inaction. This paper argues that the major reason for a lack of sports injury policy by government departments for health or sport to date is a lack of relevant information available for policy makers to make their decisions. Key information gaps evident in Australia are used to highlight this problem. SIP policy does not yet rank highly because, relative to other health/injury issues, there is very little hard evidence to support: claims for its priority ranking, the existence of solutions that can be implemented and which will work, and potential cost-savings to government agencies. Moreover, policy action needs to be integrated across government portfolios, including sport, health and others. Until sports medicine research generates high-quality population-level information of direct relevance and importance to policy makers, especially intervention costing and implementation cost-benefit estimates, and fully engage in policy-informing partnerships, SIP will continue to be left off the public health agenda. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1117/12.2289955 | A Novel Polishing Stop For Accurate Integration Of Potassium Yttrium Double Tungstate On A Silicon Dioxide | Rare-earth ion doped potassium yttrium double tungstate, RE:KY(WO4)2, is a promising candidate for the realization of on-chip lasers and amplifiers. Two major bottlenecks difficult the realization of compact, high-contrast devices. Firstly, the crystal can only be grown on a lattice matched substrate, leading to a low (<2×10-2) refractive index contrast between core and cladding. Secondly, the required thickness for the high-index contrast waveguides, ~1 μm, makes a lapping and polishing approach very challenging. In this work we propose a novel polishing stop that will permit to accurately control the final thickness of the KY(WO4)2 waveguide within a few tens of nanometers. A 1 mm thick KY(WO4)2 substrate is flip-chip bonded with an adhesive layer onto a SiO2 substrate. Afterwards a low temperature pulsed laser deposited (PLD) Al2O3 layer - with the desired final thickness of the KY(WO4)2 waveguide core - is deposited on top of the assembly. The sample is then thinned using a multistep lapping and polishing procedure. Earlier work with a polishing stop made from SiO2, showed a decrease of the polishing speed with a factor 3-4, allowing the termination of the process within a tolerance of a few tens of nanometers. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
Q4253886 | LIQUIDITÄTSHILFE FÜR KLEINSTUNTERNEHMEN, DIE VON DER COVID-KRISE BETROFFEN SIND | UNTERSTÜTZUNG DER LIQUIDITÄT VON KLEINST- UND KLEINUNTERNEHMEN IM EINZELHANDELS-, LIEFER- UND DIENSTLEISTUNGSSEKTOR, DEREN TÄTIGKEIT INFOLGE DES ERLASSES DES PREMIERMINISTERS VOM 11. MÄRZ 2020 AUSGESETZT WURDE | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
948561 | Depression in diverse populations: Unravelling the interplay between genes and environment | Depression affects 300 million people and represents one of the biggest challenges to human health to date. Of the burden, 80% pertains to low- and middle-income countries. It is thus imperative to understand the global causes of depression to design effective targeted interventions. DIVERGE will build the first ancestrally diverse data resource for depression, generated from biobanks (N=1.8M) and new studies in Pakistan (N=20K) as well as sub-Saharan Africa (N=13K) with deep phenotyping and genotyping.
Differences in depression risk between populations have been shaped by the environment, demography and diverging evolutionary history. Using the novel perspective of evolutionary psychiatry, DIVERGE will comprehensively characterise the genetic architecture of depression and assess how it has been shaped by natural selection. Thereby, I will illuminate how heritability, environmental factors and their interplay affect disease development. I will develop a new method, trans-ethnic colocalization, to address the fundamental question whether genetic risk factors are transferable across populations. This is important to ensure that health benefits of precision medicine can be shared within and across populations.
In addition to the big picture approach, I aim to identify specific causes of the disorder. The diversity of the data together with the application of population-matched inheritance models will empower the discovery of novel genetic loci for depression. I will develop and apply cutting-edge methods, including trans-ethnic fine-mapping with functional annotations to uncover biological mechanisms underlying depression loci. Trauma, such as exposure to violence, is a strong risk factor for depression. DIVERGE will investigate the interplay between traumatic life events and genetic susceptibility which could help understand how mental illness differs across groups. These innovations will lead to a step change in our understanding of the aetiology of depression. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
10.1126/sciadv.aaw0456 | Impact of nuclear vibrations on van der Waals and Casimir interactions at zero and finite temperature | Recent advances in measuring van der Waals (vdW) interactions have probed forces on molecules at nanometric separations from metal surfaces and demonstrated the importance of infrared nonlocal polarization response and temperature effects, yet predictive theories for these systems remain lacking. We present a theoretical framework for computing vdW interactions among molecular structures, accounting for geometry, short-range electronic delocalization, dissipation, and collective nuclear vibrations (phonons) at atomic scales, along with long-range electromagnetic interactions in arbitrary macroscopic environments. We primarily consider experimentally relevant low-dimensional carbon allotropes, including fullerenes, carbyne, and graphene, and find that phonons couple strongly with long-range electromagnetic fields depending on molecular dimensionality and dissipation, especially at nanometric scales, creating delocalized phonon polaritons that substantially modify infrared molecular response. These polaritons, in turn, alter vdW interaction energies between molecular and macroscopic structures, producing nonmonotonic power laws and nontrivial temperature variations at nanometric separations feasible in current experiments. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.1007/978-3-319-45744-4_13 | Privately Outsourcing Exponentiation To A Single Server Cryptanalysis And Optimal Constructions | We address the problem of speeding up group computations in cryptography using a single untrusted computational resource. We analyze the security of an efficient protocol for securely outsourcing multi-exponentiations proposed at ESORICS 2014. We show that this scheme does not achieve the claimed security guarantees and we present practical polynomial-time attacks on the delegation protocol which allow the untrusted helper to recover part (or the whole) of the device secret inputs. We then provide simple constructions for outsourcing group exponentiations in different settings (e. g. public/secret, fixed/variable bases and public/secret exponents). Finally, we prove that our attacks on the ESORICS 2014 protocol are unavoidable if one wants to use a single untrusted computational resource and to limit the computational cost of the limited device to a constant number of (generic) group operations. In particular, we show that our constructions are actually optimal in terms of operations in the underlying group. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1142/s0217979212300174 | THERMAL SOLUTIONS FOR MOLECULAR EVOLUTION | The key requirement to solve the origin of life puzzle are disequilibrium conditions. Early molecular evolution cannot be explained by initial high concentrations of energetic chemicals since they would just react towards their chemical equilibrium allowing no further development. We argue here that persistent disequilibria are needed to increase complexity during molecular evolution. We propose thermal gradients as the disequilibrium setting which drove Darwinian molecular evolution. On the one hand the thermal gradient gives rise to laminar thermal convection flow with highly regular temperature oscillations that allow melting and replication of DNA. On the other hand molecules move along the thermal gradient, a mechanism termed Soret effect or thermophoresis. Inside a long chamber a combination of the convection flow and thermophoresis leads to a very efficient accumulation of molecules. Short DNA is concentrated thousand-fold, whereas longer DNA is exponentially better accumulated. We demonstrated both scenarios in the same micrometer-sized setting. Forthcoming experiments will reveal how replication and accumulation of DNA in a system, driven only by a thermal gradient, could create a Darwinian process of replication and selection. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W1500784682 | Ruminal Solubility and Effect of Calcite Powder Supplementation on Dairy Animal Performance | Ruminal Solubility of Certain Calcium Sources such as calcium carbonate, calcite, dolomite, lime stone powder and dicalcium phosphate (DCP) powder was investigated. Solubility of these calcium sources was low at pH 7 and ranged from 1.74 ± 1.36 in Dolomite to 2.94 ± 0.95 percent in Dicalcium phosphate (DCP). Reducing the pH of the ruminal buffer at 6 increased their solubility and the pattern was almost similar to that recorded at pH 7. Further reduction of pH of ruminal buffer to 2.5, increased their solubility significantly (up to 72.63%), however, Ca solubility of calcium carbonate and dolomite was lower than the other calcium supplements. It was concluded that calcite and lime stone powders may be good source of Ca under the conditions when ruminal pH is towards lower side. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2795 | Castration Therapy Results In Decreased Ku70 Levels In Prostate Cancer | Purpose: Neoadjuvant castration improves response to radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Here, we determine whether castration therapy impairs nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by downregulating Ku70 protein expression. Experimental Design: Twenty patients with locally advanced prostate cancer were enrolled, and 6 to 12 needle core biopsy specimens were taken from the prostate of each patient before treatment. Bilateral orchidectomy was conducted in eight patients and 12 patients were treated with a GnRH agonist. After castration, two to four similar biopsies were obtained, and the levels of Ku70 and γ-H2AX foci were determined by immunofluorescence in verified cancer tissues. Results: We observed that the androgen receptor binds directly to Ku70 in prostate tissue. We also found a reduction of the Ku70 protein levels in the cell nuclei in 12 of 14 patients ( P Conclusions: Castration therapy results in decreased levels of the Ku70 protein in prostate cancer cells. Because the Ku70 protein is essential for the NHEJ repair of DSBs and its downregulation impairs DNA repair, this offers a possible explanation for the increased radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cells following castration. Clin Cancer Res; 19(6); 1547–56. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.146814 | 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole films formed at ultra-low pressure on copper: adsorption, thermal stability and corrosion inhibition performance | 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (2-MBI) is considered as an effective corrosion inhibitor for copper. In this study, the adsorption of 2-MBI on pristine and pre-oxidized Cu(111) surfaces was investigated by sublimation at ultra low pressure, using Auger Electron Spectroscopy, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy in order to understand its corrosion inhibition properties. 2-MBI adsorbs with S and N atoms bonded to Cu. On pristine Cu(111) surface, a self-assembled monolayer is formed at about 5 L, with the adsorption of atomic S resulting from molecule decomposition to form a (7×7)R19. 1° structure, and that of the molecule forming a (8 × 8) structure. 2-MBI is lying flat in the adsorbed multilayer. Oxidation of copper prior to exposure results in compact and homogeneous molecular films, with dissociation and substitution of 2D oxide by 2-MBI, but much more slower than that for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MBT). A multilayer of 2-MBI can block the initial stages of oxidation of copper under low oxygen pressure at room temperature, and the molecular layer is stable until 500°C. The comparison with 2-MBT suggests that the latter is a better corrosion inhibitor for copper at room temperature. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.3847/0004-637X/821/1/14 | Constraining The Angular Momentum Evolution Of V455 Andromedae | Time-series photometry on the cataclysmic variable V455 Andromedae (hereafter V455 And, HS 2331+3905) reveals a rotation period shorter than the orbital period, implying the presence of a magnetic field. We expect that this magnetic field channels the accreted matter from the disk toward the white dwarf poles, classifying it as an Intermediate Polar. The two polar spinning emission areas are visible in the lightcurves at the rotation period of 67. 61970396 ± 0. 00000072 s, and its harmonic. Using photometric observations of V455 And obtained from 2007 October to 2015, we derive 3σ upper limits to the rate of change of the spin harmonic (SH) with time to be dPSH/dt ≤ −7. 5 × 10−15 s s−1 employing the O–C method, and −5. 4 × 10−15 s s−1 with a direct nonlinear least squares fit. There is no significant detection of a changing spin period for the duration of 2007 October–2015. The 3σ upper limit for the rate of change of spin period with time is dPspin/dt ≤ −10. 8 × 10−15 s s−1 or −0. 34 μs yr−1. V455 And underwent a large-amplitude dwarf nova outburst in 2007 September. The pre-outburst data reflect a period 4. 8 ± 2. 2 μs longer than the best-fit post-outburst spin period. The angular momentum gained by the white dwarf from matter accreted during outburst and its slight subsequent shrinking should both cause the star to spin slightly faster after the outburst. We estimate that the change in spin period due to the outburst should be 5 μs, consistent with the empirical determination of 4. 8 ± 2. 2 μs (3σ upper limit of 11. 4 μs). | [
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
W2086702951 | Preparation of O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan by Schiff Base and Antibacterial Activity | A novel method of preparation O-Carboxymethyl chitosan (OCMC) was studied that the product was prepared by reaction of Schiff's base of chitosan. Schiff base of chitosan (BCTS) was synthesized by the reaction of chitosan with aromatic aldehyde, then BCTS reacted with chloroacetic acid and removed the group of amino protection to get the target product. The chitosan derivative was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, 1HNMR and elemental analysis. Elemental analysis results confirmed that the degree of substitution(DS) of OCMC was 0.83. Solubility of OCMC in water and organic solvents was demonstrated to be better than that of chitosan. The antimicrobial activities of chitosan and OCMC were investigated against Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicate that the antimicrobial activity of OCMC was superior to chitosan. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
W4226302907 | Thai Romantic Romance Movie Female Narrative Way ——Take Love on the Light Rail, and The Little Things of First Love, for Example | In the 21st century in the narrative perspective and the transformation of female image, contrary to previous Thai films 
 with martial arts, monsters and terrorist elements, Thai film through the exploration of real-life, opened a kind of perspective of 
 gender differentiation, especially with women as the narrative body began to appear in the field of mass culture. | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"Studies of Cultures and Arts"
]
|
W2013708378 | Teaching digital asset management in a higher education setting | According to a recent IDC report (Gantz, J and Reinsek, D. The digital universe decade – Are you ready? IDC Iview, May 2010) between now and 2020, the amount of digital information created and replicated in the world will grow to an almost inconceivable 35 trillion gigabytes as all major forms of media – voice, TV, radio, print – complete the journey from analog to digital’. This means that in 2020 the digital universe will be 44 times as large as it was in 2009. Public, for-profit and cultural heritage organizations are being deluged with rich media digital resources, while facing fiscal challenges. Digital asset management (DAM) professionals provide the skills needed to find efficient solutions for storage, retrieval and dissemination of these files. Most learn the profession on the job and through informal education such as webinars, podcasts, blogs, white papers and conferences. There are programs and courses emerging in schools of higher education. This article discusses the development and teaching of a course in DAM offered through the Columbia University Information and Digital Resource Management program of the School of Continuing Education. The author describes how the syllabus was developed, content of the course, assignments, readings and the use of collaborative tools to simulate the way that professionals learn from each other. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01180 | Diversity, prevalence, and longitudinal occurrence of type II toxin-antitoxin systems of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infecting cystic fibrosis lungs | Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are most commonly composed of two genes encoding a stable toxin, which harms the cell, and an unstable antitoxin that can inactivate it. TA systems were initially characterized as selfish elements, but have recently gained attention for regulating general stress responses responsible for pathogen virulence, formation of drug-tolerant persister cells and biofilms-all implicated in causing recalcitrant chronic infections. We use a bioinformatics approach to explore the distribution and evolution of type II TA loci of the opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, across longitudinally sampled isolates from cystic fibrosis lungs. We identify their location in the genome, mutations, and gain/loss during infection to elucidate their function(s) in stabilizing selfish elements and pathogenesis. We found (1) 26 distinct TA systems, where all isolates harbor four in their core genome and a variable number of the remaining 22 on genomic islands; (2) limited mutations in core genome TA loci, suggesting they are not under negative selection; (3) no evidence for horizontal transmission of elements with TA systems between clone types within patients, despite their ability to mobilize; (4) no gain and limited loss of TA-bearing genomic islands, and of those elements partially lost, the remnant regions carry the TA systems supporting their role in genomic stabilization; (5) no significant correlation between frequency of TA systems and strain ability to establish as chronic infection, but those with a particular TA, are more successful in establishing a chronic infection. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1039/C5OB01556A | Synthesis And Characterisation Of A Mesocyclic Tripodal Triamine Ligand | Meso- and macrocyclic polydentate amine ligands have been widely explored in oxidation catalysis and for the stabilization of unstable metal-superoxide, -peroxide, and -oxo intermediates. Herein we report on the design and synthesis of a novel mesocyclic, tripodal, triamine ligand that we believe will be an excellent addition to this field. We explored a number of synthetic procedures towards the mesocyclic asymmetric tetraalkylated ligand 1. We expect that 1 will bind metals in a facially capping manner, yielding complexes that display pseudo-tetrahedral geometry, potentially providing access to unprecedented late transition metal-oxo complexes (metal = Co, Ni, Cu). We describe the preparation of a library of mesocyclic polyamine synthons (8, 16, 17, 18, 19) that are precursors in the synthesis of 1. These synthons will be used to tailor the electronic properties of metal complexes of 1 and derivatives thereof. The X-ray crystal structures of 19 and mono- and di-protonated forms of 1b show that the triamine crystalises in a boat–chair conformation which is undesirable for metal coordination. However, solution 1H NMR studies show that in solution both 19 and the tetraalkylated derivative 1b are remarkably flexible. 1b reacted with [CuI(NCCH3)4](OTf) yielding a 1:1 copper(I) complex [CuI(NCCH3)(1b)]+. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.1088/0953-4075/49/18/184003 | Quantum Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Rydberg Gases In The Presence Of Dephasing Noise Of Different Strengths | In the presence of strong dephasing noise the dynamics of Rydberg gases becomes effectively classical, due to the rapid decay of quantum superpositions between atomic levels. Recently a great deal of attention has been devoted to the stochastic dynamics that emerges in that limit, revealing several interesting features, including kinetically constrained glassy behaviour, self-similarity and aggregation effects. However, the non-equilibrium physics of these systems, in particular in the regime where coherent and dissipative processes contribute on equal footing, is yet far from being understood. To explore this we study the dynamics of a small one-dimensional Rydberg lattice gas subject to dephasing noise by numerically integrating the quantum master equation. We interpolate between the coherent and the strongly dephased regime by defining a generalised concept of a blockade length. We find indications that the main features observed in the strongly dissipative limit persist when the dissipation is not strong enough to annihilate quantum coherences at the dynamically relevant time scales. These features include the existence of a time-dependent Rydberg blockade radius, and a growth of the density of excitations which is compatible with the power-law behaviour expected in the classical limit. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.1093/nar/gkw792 | Conservation of miRNA-mediated silencing mechanisms across 600 million years of animal evolution | Our current knowledge about the mechanisms of miRNA silencing is restricted to few lineages such as vertebrates, arthropods, nematodes and land plants. miRNA-mediated silencing in bilaterian animals is dependent on the proteins of the GW182 family. Here, we dissect the function of GW182 protein in the cnidarian Nematostella, separated by 600 million years from other Metazoa. Using cultured human cells, we show that Nematostella GW182 recruits the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complexes via its tryptophan-containing motifs, thereby inhibiting translation and promoting mRNA decay. Further, similarly to bilaterians, GW182 in Nematostella is recruited to the miRNA repression complex via interaction with Argonaute proteins, and functions downstream to repress mRNA. Thus, our work suggests that this mechanism of miRNA-mediated silencing was already active in the last common ancestor of Cnidaria and Bilateria. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
W2328816845 | Sub array technique applied to reducing the number of sensors in blind source separation | This work describes an efficient technique to separate electromagnetic sources, which present very small frequency difference (ΔF = 0.41%). The proposed technique needs fewer sensors than sources to collect the data. The case of sensors array with elements distant λ0/4 is presented, but can be extended to λ0/2. It is applied the independent component analysis (ICA) method. An ICA algorithm based on the maximization of nongaussianity and symmetric orthogonalization (FastICA) is used. The appropriate measuring system is mounted to demonstrate the procedure used for data acquisition. Three different antennas were used as independent sources. An array of two planar dipole antenna connected to a radio frequency analyzer was used as sensors in the measuring system. Experimental results show that it is possible the identification of several sources with fewer sensors. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
215894 | Improving gluten-free flours functionality by mw treatments; a tool for high quality of gluten-free bakery (physical, sensorial and nutritional) | Food safety, natural foods with clean labels, process intensification and green technology combination is an attractive research idea for the European Community being in line with the 'Health, Demographic Change and Wellbeing', 'Secure, clean and efficient energy' and “Biotechnology foresight identifying gaps and high-value opportunities for the EU industry” initiatives. BREADforALL project responds to this challenge using gluten-free (GF), nutritious, raw materials and clean, efficient technology to develop food products suitable for celiac disease patients, which moreover, represent both a social necessity and market opportunity.
Celiac disease (permanent intolerance of gluten) is one of most common human genetic disorders nowadays with an increasing prevalence of 1-2%. The main problem is lack of high quality food, free of proteins triggering allergy and the target group of GF products is currently expanding to adhere e.g. people looking for non allergenic ingredients.
The technological solutions adopted so far are mainly focused on hydrocolloids usage, substances that often result in crumb problems and significantly raise the prices. BREADforALL focuses on alteration of existing structures of protein and starch network for modulating the functionality of GF raw materials. Project aims 1) to investigate the impact of thermal treatment (green technology) assisted with microwave radiation (effective systems for energy saving) on structural, functional and physicochemical properties of GF flours (teff and buckwheat) and 2) to study the feasibility of treated flours to improve technological functionality of GF breadmaking matrices and physical and nutritional quality of bakery.
The satisfactory implementation of BREADforALL project will fill the gap between multidisciplinary fields of food sciences and engineering establishing interdisciplinary scenario connecting microwave technology, flour physical modification and gluten-free baking technology. | [
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/41 | Radar Detectability Studies Of Slow And Small Zodiacal Dust Cloud Particles I The Case Of Arecibo 430 Mhz Meteor Head Echo Observations | Recent model development of the Zodiacal Dust Cloud (ZDC) argues that the incoming flux of meteoric material into the Earth's upper atmosphere is mostly undetected by radars because they cannot detect small extraterrestrial particles entering the atmosphere at low velocities due to the relatively small production of electrons. In this paper, we present a new methodology utilizing meteor head echo radar observations that aims to constrain the ZDC physical model by ground-based measurements. In particular, for this work, we focus on Arecibo 430 MHz observations since this is the most sensitive radar utilized for this type of observations to date. For this, we integrate and employ existing comprehensive models of meteoroid ablation, ionization, and radar detection to enable accurate interpretation of radar observations and show that reasonable agreement in the hourly rates is found between model predictions and Arecibo observations when (1) we invoke the lower limit of the model predicted flux (∼16 t d-1) and (2) we estimate the ionization probability of ablating metal atoms using laboratory measurements of the ionization cross sections of high-speed metal atom beams, resulting in values up to two orders of magnitude lower than the extensively utilized figure reported by Jones for low-speed meteors. However, even at this lower limit, the model overpredicts the slow portion of the Arecibo radial velocity distributions by a factor of three, suggesting that the model requires some revision. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
171526 | Novel low-cost ground penetrating radar system for safe, simple and swift detection of all utilities piping and cabling located underground | Across Europe and the world, the installation of underground utility services continues to grow. The ground beneath Europe’s cities streets, which already contains a myriad of pipelines and cables, is rapidly becoming over congested. For example, the city of Rome’s 3million inhabitants are serviced by 65,000km of buried pipes and cables. Due to this congestion, delivery of vital utilities through the installation and maintenance of new and existing underground services is becoming increasingly difficult and dangerous. The personnel working in the various utilities sectors (telecoms, water, gas, electricity etc.) face daily challenges with regard safe excavation for installation and maintenance.
With limited utility detection solutions available on the market and the general absence of accurate underground piping and cabling records, accidents and damage to these utilities is occurring on a large scale. Maintenance contractors are causing 90,000 incidences of third party damage to EU gas pipelines alone annually. In a North American study, it was found that 25% of incidences are due to insufficient locating practice. The impact of such damage is wide-ranging; approximately 120 deaths and 6,000 serious injuries are attributed to contact with the electricity network occur in Europe every year, while repair costs for damaged services can run into many millions of euros.
The above problem demands urgent action. There is a clear need for a cost effective, rapid, compact, high performance “all services avoidance” solution that ensures the safety of utilities maintenance personnel, prevents utilities damage, and speeds up location of safe excavation zones. PipeHawk Plc has developed a totally unique system (e-Safe) that addresses all these needs. Our innovation project will bring the e-Safe system, currently at TRL6, to market readiness. We expect to capture up to 5% of the global market, generate annual profits of €16.4million, & create 70 new jobs by yr 5 post project. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
US 201113182430 A | Faucet handle with angled interface | A faucet assembly including a handle that rotates about a rotational axis extending perpendicular to an angled interface for adjusting a water parameter. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1002/cpa.21670 | Shear Flows of an Ideal Fluid and Elliptic Equations in Unbounded Domains | We prove that, in a two-dimensional strip, a steady flow of an ideal incompressible fluid with no stationary point and tangential boundary conditions is a shear flow. The same conclusion holds for a bounded steady flow in a half-plane. The proofs are based on the study of the geometric properties of the streamlines of the flow and on one-dimensional symmetry results for solutions of some semilinear elliptic equations. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
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