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346,600 | 16,805,082 | 3,791 | A helmet stabilization system and apparatus for reducing the incidence of whiplash and neck injuries while wearing a helmet, such as in contact sports. The invention includes a helmet mount; a base mount configured for attachment to a shoulder harness; and a flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount. The flex rod, when interconnected between the helmet mount and the base mount provides a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. An oobleck may be provided in a coupling between the flex rod and the base mount to permit voluntary head movements of the user and to provide a resistance responsive to an impact force. | 1. A helmet stabilization apparatus, comprising:
a helmet mount configured for attachment to a posterior portion of a helmet shell; a base mount configured for attachment to a shoulder harness worn about the shoulders of a user; and a flex rod having a first end and a second end, the flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount, the flex rod, when interconnected between the helmet mount and the base mount providing a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. 2. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a protrusion extending from a first end of the flex rod; and a keyed slot defined in a surface of the helmet mount, wherein the protrusion is dimensioned to be releasably retained within the keyed slot. 3. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
a socketed coupling between a second end of the flex rod and the base mount. 4. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling comprises:
a ball disposed at the second end of the flex rod; and a socket configured to releasably receive the ball on the base mount. 5. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling comprises:
an arcuate slot laterally disposed across the base mount. 6. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling comprises:
a receiver defined in the base mount; and a frictional interference between the receiver and the second end of the flex rod, when carried in the receiver. 7. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling further comprises:
a quantity of an oobleck fluid carried within the socketed coupling, the oobleck fluid formulated to permit movement of the flex rod in the socketed coupling responsive to a user's voluntary head movement and a substantially rigid connection responsive to an impact imparted on the helmet. 8. A helmet stabilization system, comprising:
a helmet mount attachment to a posterior portion of the helmet; a base mount attachment to a shoulder harness worn about the shoulders of a user; and a flex rod having a first end and a second end, the flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount, the flex rod providing a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. 9. The helmet stabilization system of claim 8, wherein the helmet is a football helmet, and the shoulder harness is a shoulder pad assembly. 10. The helmet stabilization system of claim 8, further comprising:
a protrusion extending from the first end of the flex rod; and a keyed slot defined in a surface of the helmet mount, wherein the protrusion is dimensioned to be releasably retained within the keyed slot. 11. The helmet stabilization system of claim 10, further comprising:
a socketed coupling between the second end of the flex rod and the base mount. 12. The helmet stabilization system of claim 11, wherein the socketed coupling further comprises:
a quantity of an oobleck fluid carried within the socketed coupling, the oobleck fluid selected to permit movement of the flex rod in the socketed coupling responsive to a user's voluntary head movement and a substantially rigid connection in response to an impact imparted on the helmet. | A helmet stabilization system and apparatus for reducing the incidence of whiplash and neck injuries while wearing a helmet, such as in contact sports. The invention includes a helmet mount; a base mount configured for attachment to a shoulder harness; and a flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount. The flex rod, when interconnected between the helmet mount and the base mount provides a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. An oobleck may be provided in a coupling between the flex rod and the base mount to permit voluntary head movements of the user and to provide a resistance responsive to an impact force.1. A helmet stabilization apparatus, comprising:
a helmet mount configured for attachment to a posterior portion of a helmet shell; a base mount configured for attachment to a shoulder harness worn about the shoulders of a user; and a flex rod having a first end and a second end, the flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount, the flex rod, when interconnected between the helmet mount and the base mount providing a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. 2. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a protrusion extending from a first end of the flex rod; and a keyed slot defined in a surface of the helmet mount, wherein the protrusion is dimensioned to be releasably retained within the keyed slot. 3. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
a socketed coupling between a second end of the flex rod and the base mount. 4. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling comprises:
a ball disposed at the second end of the flex rod; and a socket configured to releasably receive the ball on the base mount. 5. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling comprises:
an arcuate slot laterally disposed across the base mount. 6. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling comprises:
a receiver defined in the base mount; and a frictional interference between the receiver and the second end of the flex rod, when carried in the receiver. 7. The helmet stabilization apparatus of claim 3, wherein the socketed coupling further comprises:
a quantity of an oobleck fluid carried within the socketed coupling, the oobleck fluid formulated to permit movement of the flex rod in the socketed coupling responsive to a user's voluntary head movement and a substantially rigid connection responsive to an impact imparted on the helmet. 8. A helmet stabilization system, comprising:
a helmet mount attachment to a posterior portion of the helmet; a base mount attachment to a shoulder harness worn about the shoulders of a user; and a flex rod having a first end and a second end, the flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount, the flex rod providing a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. 9. The helmet stabilization system of claim 8, wherein the helmet is a football helmet, and the shoulder harness is a shoulder pad assembly. 10. The helmet stabilization system of claim 8, further comprising:
a protrusion extending from the first end of the flex rod; and a keyed slot defined in a surface of the helmet mount, wherein the protrusion is dimensioned to be releasably retained within the keyed slot. 11. The helmet stabilization system of claim 10, further comprising:
a socketed coupling between the second end of the flex rod and the base mount. 12. The helmet stabilization system of claim 11, wherein the socketed coupling further comprises:
a quantity of an oobleck fluid carried within the socketed coupling, the oobleck fluid selected to permit movement of the flex rod in the socketed coupling responsive to a user's voluntary head movement and a substantially rigid connection in response to an impact imparted on the helmet. | 3,700 |
346,601 | 16,805,073 | 2,899 | Silicon carbide on insulator is provided by bonding bulk silicon carbide to a substrate with an oxide-oxide fusion bond, followed by thinning the bulk silicon carbide as needed. | 1. A method of providing a silicon carbide on insulator structure, the method comprising:
providing a silicon carbide structure; providing a substrate structure; forming an oxide on a surface of the silicon carbide structure to provide a first oxide layer on the silicon carbide structure; forming an oxide on a surface of the substrate structure to provide a second oxide layer on the substrate structure; fusion bonding the first oxide layer to the second oxide layer to provide a bonded structure; and thinning the silicon carbide structure of the bonded structure to a predetermined thickness to provide a Silicon Carbide on Insulator structure including a thin-film silicon carbide layer; wherein no ion implantation of the silicon carbide structure is performed prior to the fusion bonding. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the thinning the silicon carbide structure of the bonded structure to a predetermined thickness consists of one or more steps selected from the group consisting of: grinding and polishing. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate structure comprises silicon. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate structure comprises silicon carbide. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the thin-film silicon carbide layer comprises one or more optically active color centers. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein a density of the one or more optically active color centers is at least 0.05/μm2. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming an oxide on a surface of the silicon carbide structure comprises a method selected from the group consisting of: oxidizing a surface of the silicon carbide structure and depositing an oxide on the silicon carbide structure. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the forming an oxide on a surface of the silicon carbide structure comprises oxidizing a surface of the silicon carbide structure prior to any depositing an oxide on the silicon carbide structure. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming an oxide on a surface of the substrate comprises a method selected from the group consisting of: oxidizing a surface of the substrate and depositing an oxide on the substrate. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide structure is a 4H silicon carbide polymorph. | Silicon carbide on insulator is provided by bonding bulk silicon carbide to a substrate with an oxide-oxide fusion bond, followed by thinning the bulk silicon carbide as needed.1. A method of providing a silicon carbide on insulator structure, the method comprising:
providing a silicon carbide structure; providing a substrate structure; forming an oxide on a surface of the silicon carbide structure to provide a first oxide layer on the silicon carbide structure; forming an oxide on a surface of the substrate structure to provide a second oxide layer on the substrate structure; fusion bonding the first oxide layer to the second oxide layer to provide a bonded structure; and thinning the silicon carbide structure of the bonded structure to a predetermined thickness to provide a Silicon Carbide on Insulator structure including a thin-film silicon carbide layer; wherein no ion implantation of the silicon carbide structure is performed prior to the fusion bonding. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the thinning the silicon carbide structure of the bonded structure to a predetermined thickness consists of one or more steps selected from the group consisting of: grinding and polishing. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate structure comprises silicon. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate structure comprises silicon carbide. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the thin-film silicon carbide layer comprises one or more optically active color centers. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein a density of the one or more optically active color centers is at least 0.05/μm2. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming an oxide on a surface of the silicon carbide structure comprises a method selected from the group consisting of: oxidizing a surface of the silicon carbide structure and depositing an oxide on the silicon carbide structure. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the forming an oxide on a surface of the silicon carbide structure comprises oxidizing a surface of the silicon carbide structure prior to any depositing an oxide on the silicon carbide structure. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming an oxide on a surface of the substrate comprises a method selected from the group consisting of: oxidizing a surface of the substrate and depositing an oxide on the substrate. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide structure is a 4H silicon carbide polymorph. | 2,800 |
346,602 | 16,805,051 | 2,899 | An apparatus for providing similar contents, using a neural network, includes a memory storing instructions, and a processor configured to execute the instructions to obtain a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network, obtain a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values, and provide, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values. The similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. | 1. An apparatus for providing similar contents, using a neural network, the apparatus comprising:
a memory storing instructions; and a processor configured to execute the instructions to:
obtain a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network;
obtain a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values; and
provide, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values,
wherein the similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the similarity neural network is trained to maximize the divergence output by the divergence neural network. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the positive pairs are matching pairs among samples that are used to train the similarity neural network, and
the negative pairs are non-matching pairs among the samples. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the similarity neural network is trained by obtaining a loss based on a loss function in which the divergence is input, and by updating parameters of the similarity neural network and the divergence neural network, based on the obtained loss. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the loss function comprises a first negative term of a lower bound on the divergence. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the loss function further comprises a second negative term that is obtained to maintain positive a derivative of a function that is represented by the divergence neural network. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the user query comprises a textual or spoken utterance of a user. 8. A method of providing similar contents, using a neural network, the method comprising:
obtaining a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network; obtaining a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values; and providing, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values, wherein the similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the similarity neural network is trained to maximize the divergence output by the divergence neural network. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the positive pairs are matching pairs among samples that are used to train the similarity neural network, and
the negative pairs are non-matching pairs among the samples. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the similarity neural network is trained by obtaining a loss based on a loss function in which the divergence is input, and by updating parameters of the similarity neural network and the divergence neural network, based on the obtained loss. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the loss function comprises a first negative term of a lower bound on the divergence. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the loss function further comprises a second negative term that is obtained to maintain positive a derivative of a function that is represented by the divergence neural network. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the user query comprises a textual or spoken utterance of a user. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions to cause a processor to:
obtain a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network; obtain a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values; and provide, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values, wherein the similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the similarity neural network is trained to maximize the divergence output by the divergence neural network. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the positive pairs are matching pairs among samples that are used to train the similarity neural network, and
the negative pairs are non-matching pairs among the samples. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the similarity neural network is trained by obtaining a loss based on a loss function in which the divergence is input, and by updating parameters of the similarity neural network and the divergence neural network, based on the obtained loss. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 18, wherein the loss function comprises a first negative term of a lower bound on the divergence. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the loss function further comprises a second negative term that is obtained to maintain positive a derivative of a function that is represented by the divergence neural network. | An apparatus for providing similar contents, using a neural network, includes a memory storing instructions, and a processor configured to execute the instructions to obtain a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network, obtain a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values, and provide, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values. The similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values.1. An apparatus for providing similar contents, using a neural network, the apparatus comprising:
a memory storing instructions; and a processor configured to execute the instructions to:
obtain a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network;
obtain a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values; and
provide, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values,
wherein the similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the similarity neural network is trained to maximize the divergence output by the divergence neural network. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the positive pairs are matching pairs among samples that are used to train the similarity neural network, and
the negative pairs are non-matching pairs among the samples. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the similarity neural network is trained by obtaining a loss based on a loss function in which the divergence is input, and by updating parameters of the similarity neural network and the divergence neural network, based on the obtained loss. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the loss function comprises a first negative term of a lower bound on the divergence. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the loss function further comprises a second negative term that is obtained to maintain positive a derivative of a function that is represented by the divergence neural network. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the user query comprises a textual or spoken utterance of a user. 8. A method of providing similar contents, using a neural network, the method comprising:
obtaining a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network; obtaining a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values; and providing, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values, wherein the similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the similarity neural network is trained to maximize the divergence output by the divergence neural network. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the positive pairs are matching pairs among samples that are used to train the similarity neural network, and
the negative pairs are non-matching pairs among the samples. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the similarity neural network is trained by obtaining a loss based on a loss function in which the divergence is input, and by updating parameters of the similarity neural network and the divergence neural network, based on the obtained loss. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the loss function comprises a first negative term of a lower bound on the divergence. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the loss function further comprises a second negative term that is obtained to maintain positive a derivative of a function that is represented by the divergence neural network. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the user query comprises a textual or spoken utterance of a user. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions to cause a processor to:
obtain a plurality of similarity values between a user query and a plurality of images, using a similarity neural network; obtain a rank of each the obtained plurality of similarity values; and provide, as a most similar image to the user query, at least one among the plurality of images that has a respective one among the plurality of similarity values that corresponds to a highest rank among the obtained rank of each of the plurality of similarity values, wherein the similarity neural network is trained with a divergence neural network for outputting a divergence between a first distribution of first similarity values for positive pairs, among the plurality of similarity values, and a second distribution of second similarity values for negative pairs, among the plurality of similarity values. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the similarity neural network is trained to maximize the divergence output by the divergence neural network. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the positive pairs are matching pairs among samples that are used to train the similarity neural network, and
the negative pairs are non-matching pairs among the samples. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the similarity neural network is trained by obtaining a loss based on a loss function in which the divergence is input, and by updating parameters of the similarity neural network and the divergence neural network, based on the obtained loss. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 18, wherein the loss function comprises a first negative term of a lower bound on the divergence. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the loss function further comprises a second negative term that is obtained to maintain positive a derivative of a function that is represented by the divergence neural network. | 2,800 |
346,603 | 16,805,066 | 2,899 | Provided are a semiconductor memory device and a method of fabricating the same. The semiconductor memory device may include: a first impurity doped region and a second impurity doped region spaced apart from each other in a semiconductor substrate, a bit line electrically connected to the first impurity doped region and crossing over the semiconductor substrate, a storage node contact electrically connected to the second impurity doped region, a first spacer and a second spacer disposed between the bit line and the storage node contact, and an air gap region disposed between the first spacer and the second spacer. The first spacer may cover a sidewall of the bit line, and the second spacer may be adjacent to the storage node contact. A top end of the first spacer may have a height higher than a height of a top end of the second spacer. | 1. A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming on a semiconductor substrate a bit line and a bit line capping pattern on the bit line; forming a first spacer that covers a sidewall of the bit line capping pattern and a sidewall of the bit line; forming a lower buried dielectric pattern covering a lower sidewall of the first spacer; forming a sacrificial spacer and a second spacer that sequentially cover middle and upper sidewalls of the first spacer; partially removing upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer to expose the upper sidewall of the first spacer; forming a storage node contact adjacent to the second spacer; forming a conductive layer that covers the bit line capping pattern, the first spacer, the sacrificial spacer, the second spacer, and the storage node contact; etching the conductive layer to form a recess region exposing the sacrificial spacer and to form a landing pad electrically connected to the storage node contact; removing the sacrificial spacer to form an air gap region; and forming an upper buried dielectric pattern that fills the recess region and defines a top end of the air gap region. 2. The method of claim 1, before the forming of the storage node contact, further comprising forming a third spacer that covers the upper sidewall of the first spacer and a top end of the sacrificial spacer, the conductive layer covering the third spacer,
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises: providing a first etchant that etches the conductive layer; and before the third spacer is exposed, providing a second etchant that etches the third spacer. 3. The method of claim 2,
wherein the forming of the conductive layer comprises:
forming a diffusion barrier layer; and
forming a metal-containing layer on the diffusion barrier layer, and
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises:
providing the first etchant to etch the metal-containing layer until the diffusion barrier layer is exposed; and
after the diffusion barrier layer is exposed, providing a third etchant that etches the diffusion barrier layer. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming of the upper buried dielectric pattern comprises:
forming a first upper buried dielectric pattern that defines the top end of the air gap region; and forming a second upper buried dielectric pattern that fills the recess region. 5. The method of claim 4, before the forming of the first upper buried dielectric pattern, further comprising forming a third upper buried dielectric pattern that narrows a width of the top end of the air gap region. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the third upper buried dielectric pattern has a density less than a density of the first upper buried dielectric pattern. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the first and third upper buried dielectric patterns comprises carbon,
wherein a carbon content of the first upper buried dielectric pattern is less than a carbon content of the third upper buried dielectric pattern. 8. The method of claim 1, before the partially removing of the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer, further comprising forming an insulation fence that limits a position of the storage node contact and is adjacent to the sidewalls of the bit line and the bit line capping pattern,
wherein the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer between the insulation fence and the bit line capping pattern are not etched while partially removing the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first spacer, the sacrificial spacer, and the second spacer are formed to have linear shapes extending along the sidewall of the bit line, in a plan view, and
after the partially removing of the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer, top ends of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer are higher than a top surface of the bit line. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the lower buried dielectric pattern is in contact with a bottom surface of the second spacer. 11. A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a semiconductor substrate, a bit line and a bit line capping pattern on the bit line; forming a first spacer that covers a sidewall of the bit line capping pattern and a sidewall of the bit line; forming a sacrificial spacer and a second spacer that sequentially cover middle and upper sidewalls of the first spacer; partially removing upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer to expose the upper sidewall of the first spacer; forming a storage node contact adjacent to the second spacer; forming a conductive layer that covers the bit line capping pattern, the first spacer, the sacrificial spacer, the second spacer, and the storage node contact; etching the conductive layer to form a recess region exposing the sacrificial spacer and to form a landing pad electrically connected to the storage node contact; removing the sacrificial spacer to form an air gap region; forming a first upper buried dielectric pattern that narrows a width of the top end of the air gap region; and forming a second upper buried dielectric pattern that defines a top end of the air gap region. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: forming a lower buried dielectric pattern covering a lower sidewall of the first spacer, before forming the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer. 13. The method of claim 11, before the forming of the storage node contact, further comprising forming a third spacer that covers the upper sidewall of the first spacer and a top end of the sacrificial spacer, the conductive layer covering the third spacer,
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises: providing a first etchant that etches the conductive layer; and before the third spacer is exposed, providing a second etchant that etches the third spacer. 14. The method of claim 13,
wherein the forming of the conductive layer comprises:
forming a diffusion barrier layer; and
forming a metal-containing layer on the diffusion barrier layer, and
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises:
providing the first etchant to etch the metal-containing layer until the diffusion barrier layer is exposed; and
after the diffusion barrier layer is exposed, providing a third etchant that etches the diffusion barrier layer. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising: forming a third upper buried dielectric pattern that fills the recess region. 16. The method of claim 11, before the partially removing of the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer, further comprising forming an insulation fence that limits a position of the storage node contact and is adjacent to the sidewalls of the bit line and the bit line capping pattern,
wherein the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer between the insulation fence and the bit line capping pattern are not etched while partially removing the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer. 17. A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a device isolation pattern in a substrate to define an active region; forming a word line in the device isolation pattern and the substrate, the word line crossing the active region; forming a word line capping pattern; forming a first recess region by etching portions of the substrate, the device isolation pattern and the word line capping pattern; forming a bit line contact in the first recess and forming a bit line on the bit line contact, the bit line crossing over the word line; forming a lower buried dielectric pattern in the recess region; forming a sacrificial spacer and a first spacer sequentially covering sidewalls of the bit line; removing the sacrificial spacer to form an air gap region; and forming a first upper buried dielectric pattern that defines a top end of the air gap region. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the lower buried dielectric pattern is in the word line capping pattern. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the word line has a first bottom surface contacting the device isolation pattern and a second bottom surface contacting the substrate, wherein the first bottom surface is lower than the second bottom surface. 20. The method of claim 17, further comprising a second spacer covering sidewalls of the bit line contact and the bit line before forming the lower buried dielectric pattern. | Provided are a semiconductor memory device and a method of fabricating the same. The semiconductor memory device may include: a first impurity doped region and a second impurity doped region spaced apart from each other in a semiconductor substrate, a bit line electrically connected to the first impurity doped region and crossing over the semiconductor substrate, a storage node contact electrically connected to the second impurity doped region, a first spacer and a second spacer disposed between the bit line and the storage node contact, and an air gap region disposed between the first spacer and the second spacer. The first spacer may cover a sidewall of the bit line, and the second spacer may be adjacent to the storage node contact. A top end of the first spacer may have a height higher than a height of a top end of the second spacer.1. A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming on a semiconductor substrate a bit line and a bit line capping pattern on the bit line; forming a first spacer that covers a sidewall of the bit line capping pattern and a sidewall of the bit line; forming a lower buried dielectric pattern covering a lower sidewall of the first spacer; forming a sacrificial spacer and a second spacer that sequentially cover middle and upper sidewalls of the first spacer; partially removing upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer to expose the upper sidewall of the first spacer; forming a storage node contact adjacent to the second spacer; forming a conductive layer that covers the bit line capping pattern, the first spacer, the sacrificial spacer, the second spacer, and the storage node contact; etching the conductive layer to form a recess region exposing the sacrificial spacer and to form a landing pad electrically connected to the storage node contact; removing the sacrificial spacer to form an air gap region; and forming an upper buried dielectric pattern that fills the recess region and defines a top end of the air gap region. 2. The method of claim 1, before the forming of the storage node contact, further comprising forming a third spacer that covers the upper sidewall of the first spacer and a top end of the sacrificial spacer, the conductive layer covering the third spacer,
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises: providing a first etchant that etches the conductive layer; and before the third spacer is exposed, providing a second etchant that etches the third spacer. 3. The method of claim 2,
wherein the forming of the conductive layer comprises:
forming a diffusion barrier layer; and
forming a metal-containing layer on the diffusion barrier layer, and
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises:
providing the first etchant to etch the metal-containing layer until the diffusion barrier layer is exposed; and
after the diffusion barrier layer is exposed, providing a third etchant that etches the diffusion barrier layer. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming of the upper buried dielectric pattern comprises:
forming a first upper buried dielectric pattern that defines the top end of the air gap region; and forming a second upper buried dielectric pattern that fills the recess region. 5. The method of claim 4, before the forming of the first upper buried dielectric pattern, further comprising forming a third upper buried dielectric pattern that narrows a width of the top end of the air gap region. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the third upper buried dielectric pattern has a density less than a density of the first upper buried dielectric pattern. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the first and third upper buried dielectric patterns comprises carbon,
wherein a carbon content of the first upper buried dielectric pattern is less than a carbon content of the third upper buried dielectric pattern. 8. The method of claim 1, before the partially removing of the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer, further comprising forming an insulation fence that limits a position of the storage node contact and is adjacent to the sidewalls of the bit line and the bit line capping pattern,
wherein the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer between the insulation fence and the bit line capping pattern are not etched while partially removing the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first spacer, the sacrificial spacer, and the second spacer are formed to have linear shapes extending along the sidewall of the bit line, in a plan view, and
after the partially removing of the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer, top ends of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer are higher than a top surface of the bit line. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the lower buried dielectric pattern is in contact with a bottom surface of the second spacer. 11. A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a semiconductor substrate, a bit line and a bit line capping pattern on the bit line; forming a first spacer that covers a sidewall of the bit line capping pattern and a sidewall of the bit line; forming a sacrificial spacer and a second spacer that sequentially cover middle and upper sidewalls of the first spacer; partially removing upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer to expose the upper sidewall of the first spacer; forming a storage node contact adjacent to the second spacer; forming a conductive layer that covers the bit line capping pattern, the first spacer, the sacrificial spacer, the second spacer, and the storage node contact; etching the conductive layer to form a recess region exposing the sacrificial spacer and to form a landing pad electrically connected to the storage node contact; removing the sacrificial spacer to form an air gap region; forming a first upper buried dielectric pattern that narrows a width of the top end of the air gap region; and forming a second upper buried dielectric pattern that defines a top end of the air gap region. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: forming a lower buried dielectric pattern covering a lower sidewall of the first spacer, before forming the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer. 13. The method of claim 11, before the forming of the storage node contact, further comprising forming a third spacer that covers the upper sidewall of the first spacer and a top end of the sacrificial spacer, the conductive layer covering the third spacer,
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises: providing a first etchant that etches the conductive layer; and before the third spacer is exposed, providing a second etchant that etches the third spacer. 14. The method of claim 13,
wherein the forming of the conductive layer comprises:
forming a diffusion barrier layer; and
forming a metal-containing layer on the diffusion barrier layer, and
wherein the forming of the recess region comprises:
providing the first etchant to etch the metal-containing layer until the diffusion barrier layer is exposed; and
after the diffusion barrier layer is exposed, providing a third etchant that etches the diffusion barrier layer. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising: forming a third upper buried dielectric pattern that fills the recess region. 16. The method of claim 11, before the partially removing of the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer, further comprising forming an insulation fence that limits a position of the storage node contact and is adjacent to the sidewalls of the bit line and the bit line capping pattern,
wherein the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer between the insulation fence and the bit line capping pattern are not etched while partially removing the upper portions of the sacrificial spacer and the second spacer. 17. A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a device isolation pattern in a substrate to define an active region; forming a word line in the device isolation pattern and the substrate, the word line crossing the active region; forming a word line capping pattern; forming a first recess region by etching portions of the substrate, the device isolation pattern and the word line capping pattern; forming a bit line contact in the first recess and forming a bit line on the bit line contact, the bit line crossing over the word line; forming a lower buried dielectric pattern in the recess region; forming a sacrificial spacer and a first spacer sequentially covering sidewalls of the bit line; removing the sacrificial spacer to form an air gap region; and forming a first upper buried dielectric pattern that defines a top end of the air gap region. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the lower buried dielectric pattern is in the word line capping pattern. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the word line has a first bottom surface contacting the device isolation pattern and a second bottom surface contacting the substrate, wherein the first bottom surface is lower than the second bottom surface. 20. The method of claim 17, further comprising a second spacer covering sidewalls of the bit line contact and the bit line before forming the lower buried dielectric pattern. | 2,800 |
346,604 | 16,805,063 | 2,899 | A method for extracting lithium from brine, said method comprising the steps of: providing a brine containing lithium; processing the brine to remove contaminants; submitting the brine to an electrochemical extraction of lithium; disposing of the lithium-depleted brine; adding water to the extracted lithium to create a lithium solution; performing an electrolytic alkylation on the lithium solution; exposing the lithium solution to crystallization and evaporation; and recovering the lithium salt resulting therefrom. | 1. A method for extracting lithium from brine, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a brine containing lithium; processing the brine to remove contaminants; submitting the brine to an electrochemical extraction of lithium; disposing of the lithium-depleted brine; recovery of the extracted lithium to produce a lithium solution; performing an electrolytic alkalization on the lithium solution; exposing the lithium solution to crystallization and evaporation; and recovering the lithium salt resulting therefrom. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrochemical extraction of lithium is performed by exposing said brine to an appropriate lithium-intercalating electrode material under appropriate conditions for a period of time sufficient to selectively capture lithium ions present in the brine. 3. The method of claim 2, where the lithium ions extracted from the brine are released into a solution suitable for precipitation of a lithium salt product. 4. The method according to claim 2, where the lithium-intercalating electrode material is selected from the group consisting of: iron phosphate; manganese oxide; cobalt oxide; nickel manganese oxide; nickel manganese cobalt oxide; molybdenum disulfide; silicon; graphitic carbon, a suitable compound nanostructured or other lithium intercalating materials. 5. The method according to claim 2, where said precipitation can be induced and optimized through physical, chemical and/or electrochemical mechanisms in either the same unit operation or in a subsequent unit operation. 6. The method according to claim 2, where the concentrated lithium solution produced by electrode de-intercalation is subjected to one or more polishing steps to further condition the solution chemistry. 7. The method according to claim 2, where the electrochemical lithium intercalation and/or de-intercalation reaction is coupled to another electrochemical reaction which is oxidizing or reducing a component of the brine, resulting in an additional side product stream. 8. The method according to claim 2, where the electrochemical lithium intercalation and/or de-intercalation reaction is conducted using a roll to roll technique for manipulating electrode rolls. 9. The method according to claim 2, where the electrochemical lithium intercalation and/or de-intercalation reaction using suitable electrode active materials is facilitated by electrochemical pH alteration using alternate electrodes incorporated into the same process. 10. A process for managing a lithium-containing brine resource, wherein said process comprises a step of:
pre-processing inlet fluids to remove contaminants; removing of lithium from said inlet fluid; and pumping said lithium-depleted brine into an appropriate formation for disposal. 11. The process for managing a lithium-containing brine resource according to claim 10, wherein said lithium-depleted brine is re-injected back into the resource for pressure support. 12. The process for managing a lithium-containing brine resource according to claim 10, further comprising a processing step to produce other elements from the lithium-depleted brine. | A method for extracting lithium from brine, said method comprising the steps of: providing a brine containing lithium; processing the brine to remove contaminants; submitting the brine to an electrochemical extraction of lithium; disposing of the lithium-depleted brine; adding water to the extracted lithium to create a lithium solution; performing an electrolytic alkylation on the lithium solution; exposing the lithium solution to crystallization and evaporation; and recovering the lithium salt resulting therefrom.1. A method for extracting lithium from brine, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a brine containing lithium; processing the brine to remove contaminants; submitting the brine to an electrochemical extraction of lithium; disposing of the lithium-depleted brine; recovery of the extracted lithium to produce a lithium solution; performing an electrolytic alkalization on the lithium solution; exposing the lithium solution to crystallization and evaporation; and recovering the lithium salt resulting therefrom. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrochemical extraction of lithium is performed by exposing said brine to an appropriate lithium-intercalating electrode material under appropriate conditions for a period of time sufficient to selectively capture lithium ions present in the brine. 3. The method of claim 2, where the lithium ions extracted from the brine are released into a solution suitable for precipitation of a lithium salt product. 4. The method according to claim 2, where the lithium-intercalating electrode material is selected from the group consisting of: iron phosphate; manganese oxide; cobalt oxide; nickel manganese oxide; nickel manganese cobalt oxide; molybdenum disulfide; silicon; graphitic carbon, a suitable compound nanostructured or other lithium intercalating materials. 5. The method according to claim 2, where said precipitation can be induced and optimized through physical, chemical and/or electrochemical mechanisms in either the same unit operation or in a subsequent unit operation. 6. The method according to claim 2, where the concentrated lithium solution produced by electrode de-intercalation is subjected to one or more polishing steps to further condition the solution chemistry. 7. The method according to claim 2, where the electrochemical lithium intercalation and/or de-intercalation reaction is coupled to another electrochemical reaction which is oxidizing or reducing a component of the brine, resulting in an additional side product stream. 8. The method according to claim 2, where the electrochemical lithium intercalation and/or de-intercalation reaction is conducted using a roll to roll technique for manipulating electrode rolls. 9. The method according to claim 2, where the electrochemical lithium intercalation and/or de-intercalation reaction using suitable electrode active materials is facilitated by electrochemical pH alteration using alternate electrodes incorporated into the same process. 10. A process for managing a lithium-containing brine resource, wherein said process comprises a step of:
pre-processing inlet fluids to remove contaminants; removing of lithium from said inlet fluid; and pumping said lithium-depleted brine into an appropriate formation for disposal. 11. The process for managing a lithium-containing brine resource according to claim 10, wherein said lithium-depleted brine is re-injected back into the resource for pressure support. 12. The process for managing a lithium-containing brine resource according to claim 10, further comprising a processing step to produce other elements from the lithium-depleted brine. | 2,800 |
346,605 | 16,805,068 | 2,899 | A vehicle terminal system for processing a message includes: a portable device for receiving the message; and a vehicle terminal for analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result, and for determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. Thus, the vehicle terminal does not output pop-up images for all messages received from the portable device and recommends a message suitable for the user. | 1. A vehicle terminal for processing a message, the vehicle terminal comprising:
a communicator for receiving the message from a portable device; and a controller configured to:
analyze a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result; and
determine a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 2. The vehicle terminal of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether there is a previously stored text pattern in the received message to yield a determination result; classify a category of the message based on the determination result; and determine an operation based on the classified category as the recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 3. The vehicle terminal of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to determine the category of the message as a spam message when there is a text pattern stored to block a message included in the received message. 4. The vehicle terminal of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to determine blocking an output of the message as the recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result when the category of the message is determined as the spam message. 5. The vehicle terminal of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to determine the category of the message as a general message when the text pattern is absent in the received message. 6. The vehicle terminal of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether there is a previously stored execution history of an operation for the general message when determining that the category of the message is the general message; and determine an operation based on the execution history as the recommended operation when there is the execution history. 7. The vehicle terminal of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to:
classify a driver's state based on traveling information of the vehicle when the execution history is absent; and determine an operation based on the driver's state as the recommended operation. 8. The vehicle terminal of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to summarize the message based on the determined recommended operation when the recommended operation is determined corresponding to the driver's state. 9. The vehicle terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to determine a message summarization scheme corresponding to the driver's state. 10. The vehicle terminal of claim 9, wherein the controller is configured to extract morphemes from the message and determine an intention of a message sender when the message summarization scheme is determined. 11. A system for processing a message, the system comprising:
a portable device for receiving the message; and a vehicle terminal for analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result, and determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 12. A method for processing a message, the method comprising:
receiving the message from a portable device; analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result; and determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the analyzing of the text includes:
determining whether there is a previously stored text pattern in the received message to yield a determination result; and classifying a category of the message based on the determination result. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the category of the message as a spam message when there is a text pattern stored to block a sender included in the received message. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
determining blocking an output of the message as the recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result when the category of the message is determined as the spam message. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the category of the message as a general message when the previously stored text pattern is absent in the received message. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
determining whether there is a previously stored execution history of an operation for the general message when it is determined that the category of the message is the general message; and determining an operation based on the execution history as the recommended operation when there is the execution history. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
classifying a driver's state based on traveling information of a vehicle when the execution history is absent; and determining an operation based on the driver's state as the recommended operation. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
summarizing the message based on the determined recommended operation when the recommended operation is determined corresponding to the driver's state. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
determining a message summarization scheme corresponding to the driver's state, extracting morphemes from the message and determining an intention of a message sender when the message summarization scheme is determined. | A vehicle terminal system for processing a message includes: a portable device for receiving the message; and a vehicle terminal for analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result, and for determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. Thus, the vehicle terminal does not output pop-up images for all messages received from the portable device and recommends a message suitable for the user.1. A vehicle terminal for processing a message, the vehicle terminal comprising:
a communicator for receiving the message from a portable device; and a controller configured to:
analyze a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result; and
determine a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 2. The vehicle terminal of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether there is a previously stored text pattern in the received message to yield a determination result; classify a category of the message based on the determination result; and determine an operation based on the classified category as the recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 3. The vehicle terminal of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to determine the category of the message as a spam message when there is a text pattern stored to block a message included in the received message. 4. The vehicle terminal of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to determine blocking an output of the message as the recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result when the category of the message is determined as the spam message. 5. The vehicle terminal of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to determine the category of the message as a general message when the text pattern is absent in the received message. 6. The vehicle terminal of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether there is a previously stored execution history of an operation for the general message when determining that the category of the message is the general message; and determine an operation based on the execution history as the recommended operation when there is the execution history. 7. The vehicle terminal of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to:
classify a driver's state based on traveling information of the vehicle when the execution history is absent; and determine an operation based on the driver's state as the recommended operation. 8. The vehicle terminal of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to summarize the message based on the determined recommended operation when the recommended operation is determined corresponding to the driver's state. 9. The vehicle terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to determine a message summarization scheme corresponding to the driver's state. 10. The vehicle terminal of claim 9, wherein the controller is configured to extract morphemes from the message and determine an intention of a message sender when the message summarization scheme is determined. 11. A system for processing a message, the system comprising:
a portable device for receiving the message; and a vehicle terminal for analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result, and determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 12. A method for processing a message, the method comprising:
receiving the message from a portable device; analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result; and determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the analyzing of the text includes:
determining whether there is a previously stored text pattern in the received message to yield a determination result; and classifying a category of the message based on the determination result. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the category of the message as a spam message when there is a text pattern stored to block a sender included in the received message. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
determining blocking an output of the message as the recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result when the category of the message is determined as the spam message. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the category of the message as a general message when the previously stored text pattern is absent in the received message. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
determining whether there is a previously stored execution history of an operation for the general message when it is determined that the category of the message is the general message; and determining an operation based on the execution history as the recommended operation when there is the execution history. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
classifying a driver's state based on traveling information of a vehicle when the execution history is absent; and determining an operation based on the driver's state as the recommended operation. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
summarizing the message based on the determined recommended operation when the recommended operation is determined corresponding to the driver's state. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
determining a message summarization scheme corresponding to the driver's state, extracting morphemes from the message and determining an intention of a message sender when the message summarization scheme is determined. | 2,800 |
346,606 | 16,805,062 | 2,899 | An emergency quick deploy full body bee suit has a full body suit with a torso portion, a pair of leg portions, and an ingress opening, in addition to a skirt, a weight, a suit fastening mechanism, and a skirt fastening mechanism. The ingress opening traverses into the full body suit through the lower end of the torso portion and the pair of leg portions. The skirt is removably attached external to the full body suit around the ingress opening, and has a weight connected around a lower skirt opening. A user may enter the suit through the ingress opening and the lower skirt opening, close the lower skirt opening with the skirt fastening mechanism, fully enter the full body suit, close the ingress opening with the suit fastening mechanism, remove the skirt, and is then free to move away from danger posed by any stinging insects. | 1. An emergency quick deploy full body bee suit comprising:
a full body suit comprising a torso portion, a hood, a pair of arm portions, a pair of leg portions, a pair of gloves, a pair of foot portions, and an ingress opening; a skirt; a weight; a suit fastening mechanism; a skirt fastening mechanism; the torso portion extending between an upper torso end and a lower torso end; the skirt extending between an upper skirt end and a lower skirt end; the skirt comprising a lower skirt opening; the lower skirt opening traversing into the skirt through the lower skirt end; the hood being connected to the upper torso end; the pair of arm portions being connected to the torso portion adjacent to the upper torso end and positioned laterally opposite each other along the torso portion; each of the pair of gloves being connected to one of the arm portions opposite the torso portion; the pair of leg portions being connected to the lower torso end and positioned laterally opposite each other along the torso portion; each of the pair of foot portions being connected to one of the pair of leg portions opposite the torso portion; the ingress opening traversing from the lower torso end along the pair of leg portions toward the pair of foot portions; the skirt being removably and externally attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the pair of leg portions, wherein the ingress opening is surrounded by the skirt; the weight being connected to the lower skirt end; the skirt fastening mechanism being perimetrically and internally connected adjacent to the lower skirt opening, wherein the skirt fastening mechanism is configured to close the lower skirt opening; and the suit fastening mechanism being perimetrically connected adjacent to the ingress opening, wherein the suit fastening mechanism is configured to close the ingress opening. 2. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the full body suit and the skirt being constructed of a cotton-polyester material blend. 3. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the hood comprising a frontal opening, a bill, and a mesh covering;
the frontal opening traversing into the hood adjacent to the upper torso end;
the bill being connected to the hood adjacent to the frontal opening opposite the upper torso end; and
the mesh covering being perimetrically connected along the frontal opening and the bill. 4. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt being perimetrically attached to the lower torso end and along the pair of leg portions between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end. 5. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt being perimetrically attached to the lower torso end and along the pair of leg portions between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end through hook and loop tape. 6. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the weight being a link chain; and
the link chain being perimetrically connected along the lower skirt opening. 7. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt further comprising an anterior portion, a posterior portion, and an upper skirt opening;
the anterior portion and the posterior portion being positioned longitudinally opposite each other along the skirt;
the upper skirt opening traversing into the skirt at the upper skirt end toward the lower skirt end;
the anterior portion being separated from the posterior portion adjacent to the upper skirt end by the upper skirt opening;
the anterior portion and the posterior portion each comprising a first lateral edge and a second lateral edge,
wherein the upper skirt opening is laterally delineated by the first lateral edge and the second lateral edge of both the anterior portion and the posterior portion; and
the first lateral edge and the second lateral edge traversing from the upper skirt end toward the lower skirt end for each of the anterior portion and the posterior portion of the skirt. 8. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 7 comprising:
the pair of leg portions comprising a first leg portion and a second leg portion;
the first lateral edge of the anterior portion and the first lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the first leg portion; and
the second lateral edge of the anterior portion and the second lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the second leg portion. 9. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 7 comprising:
the first lateral edge of the anterior portion and the first lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the first leg portion through hook and loop tape; and
the second lateral edge of the anterior portion and the second lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the first leg portion through hook and loop tape. 10. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first lateral edge of the anterior portion and the first lateral edge of the posterior portion adjoin between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end, and wherein the second lateral edge of the anterior portion and the second lateral edge of the posterior portion adjoin between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end. 11. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt fastening mechanism comprising a first skirt zipper portion and a second skirt zipper portion; and
the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion being positioned terminally and serially adjacent to teach other, wherein the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion perimetrically and internally traverse along the lower skirt opening, and
wherein the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion are configured to be selectably engaged with each other in order to close the lower skirt opening. 12. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt fastening mechanism comprising a first skirt zipper portion and a second skirt zipper portion;
the first skirt zipper portion perimetrically and internally traversing along the lower skirt opening adjacent to an anterior portion of the skirt;
the second skirt zipper portion perimetrically and internally traversing along the lower skirt opening adjacent to a posterior portion of the skirt; and
the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion being configured to be selectably engaged with each other in order to close the lower skirt opening. 13. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the suit fastening mechanism comprising a first pair of suit zipper portions and a second pair of suit zipper portions; and
the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions being configured to be selectably engaged with each other in order to close the ingress opening of the torso portion. 14. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 13 comprising:
a zipper apex;
the zipper apex being positioned laterally central on the torso portion at the lower torso end;
each of the pair of leg portions comprising an anterior internal edge and a posterior internal edge;
the anterior internal edge and the posterior internal edge each traversing from the torso portion adjacent to the lower torso end along one of the pair of leg portions toward one of the pair of foot portions for each of the pair of leg portions,
wherein the ingress opening is delineated by the anterior internal edges and posterior internal edges of the pair of leg portions;
the anterior internal edges of the pair of leg portions adjoining with each other adjacent to the lower torso end of the torso portion;
the posterior internal edges of the pair of leg portions adjoining with each other adjacent to the lower torso end of the torso portion;
each of the first pair of suit zipper portions being connected along the anterior internal edge of one of the pair of leg portions;
each of the second pair of suit zipper portions being connected along the posterior internal edge of one of the pair of leg portions;
each of the first pair of suit zipper portions being configured to be selectably engaged with one of the second pair of suit zipper portions; and
the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions each terminating adjacent to the zipper apex,
wherein the ingress opening is closed when the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions are engaged with each other, and
wherein the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions are in a closed configuration when the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions are engaged with each other. 15. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 14 comprising:
a zipper anchor;
the zipper anchor being internally connected to the torso portion adjacent to the zipper apex, and
wherein the zipper anchor is configured to secure the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions in the closed configuration. 16. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 15, wherein the zipper anchor is constructed of an elastically deformable material. 17. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 15, wherein the zipper anchor is an expanded polystyrene foam plug. 18. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a pair of flared armpit portions; and
each of the pair of flared armpit portion being connected adjacent to and between one of the pair of arm portions and the torso portion. | An emergency quick deploy full body bee suit has a full body suit with a torso portion, a pair of leg portions, and an ingress opening, in addition to a skirt, a weight, a suit fastening mechanism, and a skirt fastening mechanism. The ingress opening traverses into the full body suit through the lower end of the torso portion and the pair of leg portions. The skirt is removably attached external to the full body suit around the ingress opening, and has a weight connected around a lower skirt opening. A user may enter the suit through the ingress opening and the lower skirt opening, close the lower skirt opening with the skirt fastening mechanism, fully enter the full body suit, close the ingress opening with the suit fastening mechanism, remove the skirt, and is then free to move away from danger posed by any stinging insects.1. An emergency quick deploy full body bee suit comprising:
a full body suit comprising a torso portion, a hood, a pair of arm portions, a pair of leg portions, a pair of gloves, a pair of foot portions, and an ingress opening; a skirt; a weight; a suit fastening mechanism; a skirt fastening mechanism; the torso portion extending between an upper torso end and a lower torso end; the skirt extending between an upper skirt end and a lower skirt end; the skirt comprising a lower skirt opening; the lower skirt opening traversing into the skirt through the lower skirt end; the hood being connected to the upper torso end; the pair of arm portions being connected to the torso portion adjacent to the upper torso end and positioned laterally opposite each other along the torso portion; each of the pair of gloves being connected to one of the arm portions opposite the torso portion; the pair of leg portions being connected to the lower torso end and positioned laterally opposite each other along the torso portion; each of the pair of foot portions being connected to one of the pair of leg portions opposite the torso portion; the ingress opening traversing from the lower torso end along the pair of leg portions toward the pair of foot portions; the skirt being removably and externally attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the pair of leg portions, wherein the ingress opening is surrounded by the skirt; the weight being connected to the lower skirt end; the skirt fastening mechanism being perimetrically and internally connected adjacent to the lower skirt opening, wherein the skirt fastening mechanism is configured to close the lower skirt opening; and the suit fastening mechanism being perimetrically connected adjacent to the ingress opening, wherein the suit fastening mechanism is configured to close the ingress opening. 2. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the full body suit and the skirt being constructed of a cotton-polyester material blend. 3. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the hood comprising a frontal opening, a bill, and a mesh covering;
the frontal opening traversing into the hood adjacent to the upper torso end;
the bill being connected to the hood adjacent to the frontal opening opposite the upper torso end; and
the mesh covering being perimetrically connected along the frontal opening and the bill. 4. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt being perimetrically attached to the lower torso end and along the pair of leg portions between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end. 5. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt being perimetrically attached to the lower torso end and along the pair of leg portions between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end through hook and loop tape. 6. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the weight being a link chain; and
the link chain being perimetrically connected along the lower skirt opening. 7. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt further comprising an anterior portion, a posterior portion, and an upper skirt opening;
the anterior portion and the posterior portion being positioned longitudinally opposite each other along the skirt;
the upper skirt opening traversing into the skirt at the upper skirt end toward the lower skirt end;
the anterior portion being separated from the posterior portion adjacent to the upper skirt end by the upper skirt opening;
the anterior portion and the posterior portion each comprising a first lateral edge and a second lateral edge,
wherein the upper skirt opening is laterally delineated by the first lateral edge and the second lateral edge of both the anterior portion and the posterior portion; and
the first lateral edge and the second lateral edge traversing from the upper skirt end toward the lower skirt end for each of the anterior portion and the posterior portion of the skirt. 8. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 7 comprising:
the pair of leg portions comprising a first leg portion and a second leg portion;
the first lateral edge of the anterior portion and the first lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the first leg portion; and
the second lateral edge of the anterior portion and the second lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the second leg portion. 9. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 7 comprising:
the first lateral edge of the anterior portion and the first lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the first leg portion through hook and loop tape; and
the second lateral edge of the anterior portion and the second lateral edge of the posterior portion of the skirt being removably attached to the full body suit adjacent to the lower torso end and around the first leg portion through hook and loop tape. 10. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first lateral edge of the anterior portion and the first lateral edge of the posterior portion adjoin between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end, and wherein the second lateral edge of the anterior portion and the second lateral edge of the posterior portion adjoin between the upper skirt end and the lower skirt end. 11. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt fastening mechanism comprising a first skirt zipper portion and a second skirt zipper portion; and
the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion being positioned terminally and serially adjacent to teach other, wherein the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion perimetrically and internally traverse along the lower skirt opening, and
wherein the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion are configured to be selectably engaged with each other in order to close the lower skirt opening. 12. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the skirt fastening mechanism comprising a first skirt zipper portion and a second skirt zipper portion;
the first skirt zipper portion perimetrically and internally traversing along the lower skirt opening adjacent to an anterior portion of the skirt;
the second skirt zipper portion perimetrically and internally traversing along the lower skirt opening adjacent to a posterior portion of the skirt; and
the first skirt zipper portion and the second skirt zipper portion being configured to be selectably engaged with each other in order to close the lower skirt opening. 13. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the suit fastening mechanism comprising a first pair of suit zipper portions and a second pair of suit zipper portions; and
the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions being configured to be selectably engaged with each other in order to close the ingress opening of the torso portion. 14. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 13 comprising:
a zipper apex;
the zipper apex being positioned laterally central on the torso portion at the lower torso end;
each of the pair of leg portions comprising an anterior internal edge and a posterior internal edge;
the anterior internal edge and the posterior internal edge each traversing from the torso portion adjacent to the lower torso end along one of the pair of leg portions toward one of the pair of foot portions for each of the pair of leg portions,
wherein the ingress opening is delineated by the anterior internal edges and posterior internal edges of the pair of leg portions;
the anterior internal edges of the pair of leg portions adjoining with each other adjacent to the lower torso end of the torso portion;
the posterior internal edges of the pair of leg portions adjoining with each other adjacent to the lower torso end of the torso portion;
each of the first pair of suit zipper portions being connected along the anterior internal edge of one of the pair of leg portions;
each of the second pair of suit zipper portions being connected along the posterior internal edge of one of the pair of leg portions;
each of the first pair of suit zipper portions being configured to be selectably engaged with one of the second pair of suit zipper portions; and
the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions each terminating adjacent to the zipper apex,
wherein the ingress opening is closed when the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions are engaged with each other, and
wherein the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions are in a closed configuration when the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions are engaged with each other. 15. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 14 comprising:
a zipper anchor;
the zipper anchor being internally connected to the torso portion adjacent to the zipper apex, and
wherein the zipper anchor is configured to secure the first pair of suit zipper portions and the second pair of suit zipper portions in the closed configuration. 16. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 15, wherein the zipper anchor is constructed of an elastically deformable material. 17. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 15, wherein the zipper anchor is an expanded polystyrene foam plug. 18. The emergency quick deploy full body bee suit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a pair of flared armpit portions; and
each of the pair of flared armpit portion being connected adjacent to and between one of the pair of arm portions and the torso portion. | 2,800 |
346,607 | 16,805,053 | 2,899 | A method and an apparatus for processing audio data are provided. The method includes: acquiring a first piece of audio data; and processing the first piece of audio data based on an antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being smaller than a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data; the antialias filter being generated by: inputting training voice data in a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of an initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample. | 1. A method for processing audio data, comprising:
acquiring a first piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data being a first target sampling rate; and processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being a second target sampling rate, and the second target sampling rate being smaller than the first target sampling rate; wherein the antialias filter is generated by: inputting training voice data in a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of the initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample, to generate the antialias filter. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a recognition accuracy rate of the training speech recognition model is greater than a preset accuracy rate threshold. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antialias filter comprises at least two stages of sub-antialias filters, the sub-antialias filters of the antialias filter are connected sequentially, and the sub-antialias filters are finite impulse response filters; and
the processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data comprises: performing low-pass filtering and down-sampling on the first piece of audio data using the sub-antialias filters, to generate the second piece of audio data, wherein down-sampling factors corresponding to the sub-antialias filters are preset, and a down-sampling factor of a last-stage sub-antialias filter is greater than or equal to down-sampling factors of other sub-antialias filters. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
acquiring a third piece of audio data, wherein a sampling rate of the third piece of audio data is the initial sampling rate; and generating the first piece of audio data based on the third piece of audio data, and based on the initial sampling rate and the first target sampling rate. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein before the acquiring a third piece of audio data, the method further comprises:
generating the third piece of audio data in a target transmission format based on a received fourth piece of audio data, wherein a transmission format of the fourth piece of audio data is in a preset transmission format set. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the target transmission format is a pulse code modulation format; and
the generating the third piece of audio data in a target transmission format based on a received fourth piece of audio data comprises: inputting, in response to receiving the fourth piece of audio data in a pulse density modulation format, the fourth piece of audio data into a cascaded integrator comb filter, to generate the third piece of audio data in the pulse code modulation format. 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the generating the first piece of audio data based on the third piece of audio data, and based on the initial sampling rate and the first target sampling rate comprises:
processing the third piece of audio data by an asynchronous sampling rate convertor, to generate the first piece of audio data. 8. An apparatus for processing audio data, comprising:
at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: acquiring a first piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data being a first target sampling rate; and processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being a second target sampling rate, and the second target sampling rate being smaller than the first target sampling rate; wherein the antialias filter s generated by: inputting training voice data in a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of the initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample, to generate the antialias filter. 9. A non-transitory computer readable medium, storing a computer program, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
acquiring a first piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data being a first target sampling rate; and processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being a second target sampling rate, and the second target sampling rate being smaller than the first target sampling rate; wherein the antialias filter is generated by: inputting training voice data is a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of the initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample, to generate the antialias filter. | A method and an apparatus for processing audio data are provided. The method includes: acquiring a first piece of audio data; and processing the first piece of audio data based on an antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being smaller than a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data; the antialias filter being generated by: inputting training voice data in a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of an initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample.1. A method for processing audio data, comprising:
acquiring a first piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data being a first target sampling rate; and processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being a second target sampling rate, and the second target sampling rate being smaller than the first target sampling rate; wherein the antialias filter is generated by: inputting training voice data in a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of the initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample, to generate the antialias filter. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a recognition accuracy rate of the training speech recognition model is greater than a preset accuracy rate threshold. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antialias filter comprises at least two stages of sub-antialias filters, the sub-antialias filters of the antialias filter are connected sequentially, and the sub-antialias filters are finite impulse response filters; and
the processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data comprises: performing low-pass filtering and down-sampling on the first piece of audio data using the sub-antialias filters, to generate the second piece of audio data, wherein down-sampling factors corresponding to the sub-antialias filters are preset, and a down-sampling factor of a last-stage sub-antialias filter is greater than or equal to down-sampling factors of other sub-antialias filters. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
acquiring a third piece of audio data, wherein a sampling rate of the third piece of audio data is the initial sampling rate; and generating the first piece of audio data based on the third piece of audio data, and based on the initial sampling rate and the first target sampling rate. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein before the acquiring a third piece of audio data, the method further comprises:
generating the third piece of audio data in a target transmission format based on a received fourth piece of audio data, wherein a transmission format of the fourth piece of audio data is in a preset transmission format set. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the target transmission format is a pulse code modulation format; and
the generating the third piece of audio data in a target transmission format based on a received fourth piece of audio data comprises: inputting, in response to receiving the fourth piece of audio data in a pulse density modulation format, the fourth piece of audio data into a cascaded integrator comb filter, to generate the third piece of audio data in the pulse code modulation format. 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the generating the first piece of audio data based on the third piece of audio data, and based on the initial sampling rate and the first target sampling rate comprises:
processing the third piece of audio data by an asynchronous sampling rate convertor, to generate the first piece of audio data. 8. An apparatus for processing audio data, comprising:
at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: acquiring a first piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data being a first target sampling rate; and processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being a second target sampling rate, and the second target sampling rate being smaller than the first target sampling rate; wherein the antialias filter s generated by: inputting training voice data in a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of the initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample, to generate the antialias filter. 9. A non-transitory computer readable medium, storing a computer program, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
acquiring a first piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the first piece of audio data being a first target sampling rate; and processing the first piece of audio data based on a pre-generated antialias filter, to generate a second piece of audio data, a sampling rate of the second piece of audio data being a second target sampling rate, and the second target sampling rate being smaller than the first target sampling rate; wherein the antialias filter is generated by: inputting training voice data is a training sample into an initial antialias filter; inputting an output of the initial antialias filter into a training speech recognition model, and generating a training speech recognition result; and adjusting the initial antialias filter based on the training speech recognition result and a target speech recognition result of the training voice data in the training sample, to generate the antialias filter. | 2,800 |
346,608 | 16,805,089 | 2,664 | Methods and systems for performing contextual configuration of an imaging scanner are disclosed. An example method includes an imaging scanner capturing an image of an object and providing the image to a trained neural network for classification. Configuration settings corresponding to the particular classification are determined, where those configuration settings are for operating the imaging scanner and are contextual to the object being scanned. The imaging scanner is configured based on the configuration settings, and the object is re-scanned under optimal configuration, for improved barcode reading or defect detection for machine vision systems. | 1. Method of performing contextual configuration of an imaging scanner, the method comprising:
a) identifying, at the imaging scanner, an image of an object; b) providing the image to a trained neural network and the trained neural network classifying the object; c) determining configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on classification of the object; and d) configuring the imaging scanner to scan for an indicia using the configuration settings. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration settings comprise optical settings for the imaging scanner. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein optical settings comprise illumination source, illumination brightness, exposure time, optical gain, indirect illumination source, direct illumination source, illumination color, and/or illumination source type. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration settings comprise digital imaging settings for the imaging scanner. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein digital imaging settings comprise digital gain. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration settings comprise physical settings for the imaging scanner. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein physical settings comprise focal distance, field of view, and/or focal plane position of an imaging sensor. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the trained neural network is a convolutional neural network. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the trained neural network is trained to classify objects by object type, scanning surface of the object, reflectivity of the object, and/or type of indicia on object. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the image is a captured image of the object, captured by the imaging scanner. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the image is a lower resolution rendition of a captured image of the object. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the classification of the object comprises selecting from a plurality of configuration settings stored on the imaging scanner. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the trained neural network classifying the object comprises the trained neural network providing a plurality of classifications of the object, the method further comprising:
identifying a highest priority classification from the plurality of classifications; assigning the object the highest priority classifications; and determining the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the highest priority classification. 14. An imaging scanner comprising:
an imager assembly configured to capture an image of an object; and a processor and memory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: identify an image of an object; provide the image to a trained neural network and classify, using the trained neural network, the object; determine configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on classification of the object; and configure the imaging scanner to scan for an indicia using the configuration settings. 15. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
determine the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the classification of the object by selecting from a plurality of configuration settings stored on the imaging scanner. 16. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
using the trained neural network, classify the object to have a plurality of classifications of the object: identify a highest priority classification from the plurality of classifications; assign the object the highest priority classifications; and determine the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the highest priority classification. 17. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the imaging scanner is a barcode reader. 18. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the imaging scanner is a machine vision system. 19. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the configuration settings comprise optical settings for the imaging scanner. 20. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein optical settings comprise illumination source, illumination brightness, exposure time, optical gain, indirect illumination source, direct illumination source, illumination color, and/or illumination source type. 21. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the configuration settings comprise digital imaging settings for the imaging scanner. 22. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein digital imaging settings comprise digital gain. 23. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the configuration settings comprise physical settings for the imaging scanner. 24. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein physical settings comprise focal distance, field of view, and/or focal plane position of an imaging sensor. 25. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the trained neural network is a convolutional neural network. 26. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the trained neural network is trained to classify objects by object type, scanning surface of the object, reflectivity of the object, and/or type of indicia on object. 27. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
identify the image of the object as a captured image of the object, captured by the imaging scanner. 28. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
identify the image of the object as a lower resolution rendition of a captured image of the object. 29. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
identify a highest priority classification from the plurality of classifications; assign the object the highest priority classifications; and determine the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the highest priority classification. | Methods and systems for performing contextual configuration of an imaging scanner are disclosed. An example method includes an imaging scanner capturing an image of an object and providing the image to a trained neural network for classification. Configuration settings corresponding to the particular classification are determined, where those configuration settings are for operating the imaging scanner and are contextual to the object being scanned. The imaging scanner is configured based on the configuration settings, and the object is re-scanned under optimal configuration, for improved barcode reading or defect detection for machine vision systems.1. Method of performing contextual configuration of an imaging scanner, the method comprising:
a) identifying, at the imaging scanner, an image of an object; b) providing the image to a trained neural network and the trained neural network classifying the object; c) determining configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on classification of the object; and d) configuring the imaging scanner to scan for an indicia using the configuration settings. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration settings comprise optical settings for the imaging scanner. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein optical settings comprise illumination source, illumination brightness, exposure time, optical gain, indirect illumination source, direct illumination source, illumination color, and/or illumination source type. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration settings comprise digital imaging settings for the imaging scanner. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein digital imaging settings comprise digital gain. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration settings comprise physical settings for the imaging scanner. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein physical settings comprise focal distance, field of view, and/or focal plane position of an imaging sensor. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the trained neural network is a convolutional neural network. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the trained neural network is trained to classify objects by object type, scanning surface of the object, reflectivity of the object, and/or type of indicia on object. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the image is a captured image of the object, captured by the imaging scanner. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the image is a lower resolution rendition of a captured image of the object. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the classification of the object comprises selecting from a plurality of configuration settings stored on the imaging scanner. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the trained neural network classifying the object comprises the trained neural network providing a plurality of classifications of the object, the method further comprising:
identifying a highest priority classification from the plurality of classifications; assigning the object the highest priority classifications; and determining the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the highest priority classification. 14. An imaging scanner comprising:
an imager assembly configured to capture an image of an object; and a processor and memory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: identify an image of an object; provide the image to a trained neural network and classify, using the trained neural network, the object; determine configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on classification of the object; and configure the imaging scanner to scan for an indicia using the configuration settings. 15. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
determine the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the classification of the object by selecting from a plurality of configuration settings stored on the imaging scanner. 16. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
using the trained neural network, classify the object to have a plurality of classifications of the object: identify a highest priority classification from the plurality of classifications; assign the object the highest priority classifications; and determine the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the highest priority classification. 17. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the imaging scanner is a barcode reader. 18. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the imaging scanner is a machine vision system. 19. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the configuration settings comprise optical settings for the imaging scanner. 20. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein optical settings comprise illumination source, illumination brightness, exposure time, optical gain, indirect illumination source, direct illumination source, illumination color, and/or illumination source type. 21. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the configuration settings comprise digital imaging settings for the imaging scanner. 22. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein digital imaging settings comprise digital gain. 23. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the configuration settings comprise physical settings for the imaging scanner. 24. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein physical settings comprise focal distance, field of view, and/or focal plane position of an imaging sensor. 25. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the trained neural network is a convolutional neural network. 26. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the trained neural network is trained to classify objects by object type, scanning surface of the object, reflectivity of the object, and/or type of indicia on object. 27. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
identify the image of the object as a captured image of the object, captured by the imaging scanner. 28. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
identify the image of the object as a lower resolution rendition of a captured image of the object. 29. The imaging scanner of claim 14, wherein the memory storing further instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
identify a highest priority classification from the plurality of classifications; assign the object the highest priority classifications; and determine the configuration settings for the imaging scanner based on the highest priority classification. | 2,600 |
346,609 | 16,805,077 | 2,664 | A computer-implemented method, computer program product and computing system for defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. | 1. A computer-implemented method, executed on a computing device, comprising
defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the item includes one or more of:
a job opening;
an available contract;
an offered service;
an offered product;
a business establishment; and
a piece of content. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the multi-level referral program includes:
a first referral level; and
at least a second referral level. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3 wherein the first referral level is associated with a first bonus structure and the at least a second referral level is associated with at least a second bonus structure. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 wherein the first bonus structure includes one or more of:
a first fixed amount;
a first percentage; and
a first per hour rate. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 wherein the at least a second bonus structure includes one or more of:
at least a second fixed amount;
at least a second percentage; and
at least a second per hour rate. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein the third party includes one or more of:
a third party directly-interested in the item; and
a third party indirectly-interested in the item. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a social media platform. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a messaging platform. 11. A computer program product residing on a non-transitory computer readable medium having a plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:
defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. 12. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein the item includes one or more of:
a job opening;
an available contract;
an offered service;
an offered product;
a business establishment; and
a piece of content. 13. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein the multi-level referral program includes:
a first referral level; and
at least a second referral level. 14. The computer program product of claim 13 wherein the first referral level is associated with a first bonus structure and the at least a second referral level is associated with at least a second bonus structure. 15. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the first bonus structure includes one or more of:
a first fixed amount;
a first percentage; and
a first per hour rate. 16. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the at least a second bonus structure includes one or more of:
at least a second fixed amount;
at least a second percentage; and
at least a second per hour rate. 17. The computer program product of claim 11 further comprising:
enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party. 18. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein the third party includes one or more of:
a third party directly-interested in the item; and
a third party indirectly-interested in the item. 19. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a social media platform. 20. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a messaging platform. 21. A computing system including a processor and memory configured to perform operations comprising:
defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. 22. The computing system of claim 21 wherein the item includes one or more of:
a job opening;
an available contract;
an offered service;
an offered product;
a business establishment; and
a piece of content. 23. The computing system of claim 21 wherein the multi-level referral program includes:
a first referral level; and
at least a second referral level. 24. The computing system of claim 23 wherein the first referral level is associated with a first bonus structure and the at least a second referral level is associated with at least a second bonus structure. 25. The computing system of claim 24 wherein the first bonus structure includes one or more of:
a first fixed amount;
a first percentage; and
a first per hour rate. 26. The computing system of claim 24 wherein the at least a second bonus structure includes one or more of:
at least a second fixed amount;
at least a second percentage; and
at least a second per hour rate. 27. The computing system of claim 21 further comprising:
enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party. 28. The computing system of claim 27 wherein the third party includes one or more of:
a third party directly-interested in the item; and
a third party indirectly-interested in the item. 29. The computing system of claim 27 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a social media platform. 30. The computing system of claim 27 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a messaging platform. | A computer-implemented method, computer program product and computing system for defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing.1. A computer-implemented method, executed on a computing device, comprising
defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the item includes one or more of:
a job opening;
an available contract;
an offered service;
an offered product;
a business establishment; and
a piece of content. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the multi-level referral program includes:
a first referral level; and
at least a second referral level. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3 wherein the first referral level is associated with a first bonus structure and the at least a second referral level is associated with at least a second bonus structure. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 wherein the first bonus structure includes one or more of:
a first fixed amount;
a first percentage; and
a first per hour rate. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 wherein the at least a second bonus structure includes one or more of:
at least a second fixed amount;
at least a second percentage; and
at least a second per hour rate. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein the third party includes one or more of:
a third party directly-interested in the item; and
a third party indirectly-interested in the item. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a social media platform. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a messaging platform. 11. A computer program product residing on a non-transitory computer readable medium having a plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:
defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. 12. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein the item includes one or more of:
a job opening;
an available contract;
an offered service;
an offered product;
a business establishment; and
a piece of content. 13. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein the multi-level referral program includes:
a first referral level; and
at least a second referral level. 14. The computer program product of claim 13 wherein the first referral level is associated with a first bonus structure and the at least a second referral level is associated with at least a second bonus structure. 15. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the first bonus structure includes one or more of:
a first fixed amount;
a first percentage; and
a first per hour rate. 16. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the at least a second bonus structure includes one or more of:
at least a second fixed amount;
at least a second percentage; and
at least a second per hour rate. 17. The computer program product of claim 11 further comprising:
enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party. 18. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein the third party includes one or more of:
a third party directly-interested in the item; and
a third party indirectly-interested in the item. 19. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a social media platform. 20. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a messaging platform. 21. A computing system including a processor and memory configured to perform operations comprising:
defining a listing for an item; and defining a multi-level referral program for the listing. 22. The computing system of claim 21 wherein the item includes one or more of:
a job opening;
an available contract;
an offered service;
an offered product;
a business establishment; and
a piece of content. 23. The computing system of claim 21 wherein the multi-level referral program includes:
a first referral level; and
at least a second referral level. 24. The computing system of claim 23 wherein the first referral level is associated with a first bonus structure and the at least a second referral level is associated with at least a second bonus structure. 25. The computing system of claim 24 wherein the first bonus structure includes one or more of:
a first fixed amount;
a first percentage; and
a first per hour rate. 26. The computing system of claim 24 wherein the at least a second bonus structure includes one or more of:
at least a second fixed amount;
at least a second percentage; and
at least a second per hour rate. 27. The computing system of claim 21 further comprising:
enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party. 28. The computing system of claim 27 wherein the third party includes one or more of:
a third party directly-interested in the item; and
a third party indirectly-interested in the item. 29. The computing system of claim 27 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a social media platform. 30. The computing system of claim 27 wherein enabling a user to refer the listing for the item to a third party includes:
enabling the user to refer the listing for the item to the third party via a messaging platform. | 2,600 |
346,610 | 16,805,065 | 2,664 | Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices, and computer program products for model adaptation. The method for model adaptation comprises: receiving, at a first computing device, a data set to be analyzed from a data collector and determining abnormality of the data set to be analyzed using a machine learning model deployed at the first computing device. The method further comprises transmitting, based on the determined abnormality of the data set, at least a portion of data in the data set to a second computing device, for update of the machine learning model, the second computing device having a higher computing capability than the first computing device. The method further comprises obtaining redeployment of the updated machine learning model from the second computing device. | 1. A method for model adaptation, comprising:
receiving, at a first computing device, a data set to be analyzed from a data collector; determining abnormality of the data set using a machine learning model deployed at the first computing device; transmitting, based on the determined abnormality of the data set, at least a portion of data in the data set to a second computing device for update of the machine learning model, the second computing device having a higher computing capability than the first computing device; and obtaining redeployment of the updated machine learning model from the second computing device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a communication speed between the first computing device and the data collector is higher than a communication speed between the second computing device and the data collector. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting at least a portion of data in the data set to the second computing device comprises:
providing data determined to be normal in the data set to the second computing device. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
after an indication of the abnormality of the data in the data set is provided, discarding data determined to be abnormal in the data set. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first computing device comprises an edge computing node, the second computing device comprises a cloud computing device, and the data collector comprises at least one Internet of Things (IoT) device. 6. A method for model adaptation, comprising:
deploying, at a second computing device, a trained machine learning model to a first computing device, the machine learning model being configured to determine abnormality of a data set to be analyzed from a data collector, and the second computing device having a higher computing capability than the first computing device; receiving at least a portion of data in the data set from the first computing device; updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data; and redeploying the updated machine learning model to the first computing device. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein receiving at least a portion of data in the data set comprises:
receiving, from the first computing device, at least a portion of data determined to be normal by the machine learning model in the data set. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein updating the machine learning model comprises:
obtaining a label related to the received portion of data, the label indicating whether the portion of data is normal or abnormal; and updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data and the label. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein a communication speed between the first computing device and the data collector is higher than a communication speed between the second computing device and the data collector. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein the first computing device comprises an edge computing node, the second computing device comprises a cloud computing device, and the data collector comprises at least one Internet of Things (IoT) device. 11. A first electronic device comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer program instructions, the at least one memory and the computer program instructions being configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the first electronic device to perform acts comprising: receiving a data set to be analyzed from a data collector; determining abnormality of the data set using a machine learning model deployed at the first electronic device; transmitting, based on the determined abnormality of the data set, at least a portion of data in the data set to a second electronic device for update of the machine learning model, the second electronic device having a higher computing capability than the first electronic device; and obtaining redeployment of the updated machine learning model from the second electronic device. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein a communication speed between the first electronic device and the data collector is higher than a communication speed between the second electronic device and the data collector. 13. The device of claim 11, wherein transmitting at least a portion of data in the data set to the second electronic device comprises:
providing data determined to be normal in the data set to the second electronic device. 14. The device of claim 11, wherein the acts further comprise:
after an indication of the abnormality of the data in the data set is provided, discarding data determined to be abnormal in the data set. 15. The device of claim 11, wherein the first electronic device comprises an edge computing node, the second electronic device comprises a cloud computing device, and the data collector comprises at least one Internet of Things (IoT) device. 16. The device of claim 11, wherein the second electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer program instructions, the at least one memory and the computer program instructions being configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the second electronic device to perform acts comprising: deploying a trained machine learning model to the first electronic device, the machine learning model being configured to determine abnormality of a data set to be analyzed from a data collector; receiving at least a portion of data in the data set from the first electronic device; updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data; and redeploying the updated machine learning model to the first electronic device. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein receiving at least a portion of data in the data set comprises:
receiving, from the first electronic device, at least a portion of data determined to be normal by the machine learning model in the data set. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein updating the machine learning model comprises:
obtaining a label related to the received portion of data, the label indicating whether the portion of data is normal or abnormal; and updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data and the label. 19. A computer program product being tangibly stored on a non-volatile computer-readable medium and comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed, cause a device to perform the method of claim 1. 20. A computer program product being tangibly stored on a non-volatile computer-readable medium and comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed, cause a device to perform the method of claim 6. | Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices, and computer program products for model adaptation. The method for model adaptation comprises: receiving, at a first computing device, a data set to be analyzed from a data collector and determining abnormality of the data set to be analyzed using a machine learning model deployed at the first computing device. The method further comprises transmitting, based on the determined abnormality of the data set, at least a portion of data in the data set to a second computing device, for update of the machine learning model, the second computing device having a higher computing capability than the first computing device. The method further comprises obtaining redeployment of the updated machine learning model from the second computing device.1. A method for model adaptation, comprising:
receiving, at a first computing device, a data set to be analyzed from a data collector; determining abnormality of the data set using a machine learning model deployed at the first computing device; transmitting, based on the determined abnormality of the data set, at least a portion of data in the data set to a second computing device for update of the machine learning model, the second computing device having a higher computing capability than the first computing device; and obtaining redeployment of the updated machine learning model from the second computing device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a communication speed between the first computing device and the data collector is higher than a communication speed between the second computing device and the data collector. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting at least a portion of data in the data set to the second computing device comprises:
providing data determined to be normal in the data set to the second computing device. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
after an indication of the abnormality of the data in the data set is provided, discarding data determined to be abnormal in the data set. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first computing device comprises an edge computing node, the second computing device comprises a cloud computing device, and the data collector comprises at least one Internet of Things (IoT) device. 6. A method for model adaptation, comprising:
deploying, at a second computing device, a trained machine learning model to a first computing device, the machine learning model being configured to determine abnormality of a data set to be analyzed from a data collector, and the second computing device having a higher computing capability than the first computing device; receiving at least a portion of data in the data set from the first computing device; updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data; and redeploying the updated machine learning model to the first computing device. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein receiving at least a portion of data in the data set comprises:
receiving, from the first computing device, at least a portion of data determined to be normal by the machine learning model in the data set. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein updating the machine learning model comprises:
obtaining a label related to the received portion of data, the label indicating whether the portion of data is normal or abnormal; and updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data and the label. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein a communication speed between the first computing device and the data collector is higher than a communication speed between the second computing device and the data collector. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein the first computing device comprises an edge computing node, the second computing device comprises a cloud computing device, and the data collector comprises at least one Internet of Things (IoT) device. 11. A first electronic device comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer program instructions, the at least one memory and the computer program instructions being configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the first electronic device to perform acts comprising: receiving a data set to be analyzed from a data collector; determining abnormality of the data set using a machine learning model deployed at the first electronic device; transmitting, based on the determined abnormality of the data set, at least a portion of data in the data set to a second electronic device for update of the machine learning model, the second electronic device having a higher computing capability than the first electronic device; and obtaining redeployment of the updated machine learning model from the second electronic device. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein a communication speed between the first electronic device and the data collector is higher than a communication speed between the second electronic device and the data collector. 13. The device of claim 11, wherein transmitting at least a portion of data in the data set to the second electronic device comprises:
providing data determined to be normal in the data set to the second electronic device. 14. The device of claim 11, wherein the acts further comprise:
after an indication of the abnormality of the data in the data set is provided, discarding data determined to be abnormal in the data set. 15. The device of claim 11, wherein the first electronic device comprises an edge computing node, the second electronic device comprises a cloud computing device, and the data collector comprises at least one Internet of Things (IoT) device. 16. The device of claim 11, wherein the second electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer program instructions, the at least one memory and the computer program instructions being configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the second electronic device to perform acts comprising: deploying a trained machine learning model to the first electronic device, the machine learning model being configured to determine abnormality of a data set to be analyzed from a data collector; receiving at least a portion of data in the data set from the first electronic device; updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data; and redeploying the updated machine learning model to the first electronic device. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein receiving at least a portion of data in the data set comprises:
receiving, from the first electronic device, at least a portion of data determined to be normal by the machine learning model in the data set. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein updating the machine learning model comprises:
obtaining a label related to the received portion of data, the label indicating whether the portion of data is normal or abnormal; and updating the machine learning model based on the received portion of data and the label. 19. A computer program product being tangibly stored on a non-volatile computer-readable medium and comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed, cause a device to perform the method of claim 1. 20. A computer program product being tangibly stored on a non-volatile computer-readable medium and comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed, cause a device to perform the method of claim 6. | 2,600 |
346,611 | 16,805,074 | 2,664 | A pipeline assembly includes a hollow body having a first opening and a second opening. A valve port fluidly coupled to the first opening is provided on the body and a valve port seat is disposed in the valve port. A shutter is urged against the valve port seat by a spring fluidly de-coupling the second opening from the first opening and the valve port. A valve plug includes a check valve. When the valve plug is disposed in the valve port, the valve plug decouples the shutter from the valve port seat to fluidly couple the first opening and the second opening with a fluid flow in only a first direction when the check valve is in an open condition. | 1. A pipeline assembly, comprising:
a body having an interior space defined therein; an outlet opening, provided on the hollow body, fluidly coupled to the body interior space; a valve port opening, provided on the body, fluidly coupled to the body interior space; a valve port seat disposed in the valve port; a shutter; and a spring, coupled to the shutter, configured to urge the shutter against the valve port seat to fluidly de-couple the outlet opening from the valve port opening. 2. The pipeline assembly of claim 1, wherein the valve port seat is threadably coupled to the body. 3. The pipeline assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
a valve plug positioned in the valve port opening to decouple the shutter from the valve port seat. 4. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, wherein the valve plug is threadably coupled to the valve port. 5. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, further comprising:
a filter disposed in the valve plug. 6. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
a check valve configured to prevent a fluid flow in a direction from the outlet opening. 7. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, wherein:
the valve plug is configured to fluidly isolate the valve port opening from the body interior space. 8. The pipeline assembly of claim 7, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
a valve plug body; and a check valve defining a first interior valve space and a second interior valve space in an interior of the valve plug body, the first interior valve space fluidly coupled to the body interior space, wherein the check valve, when in a closed configuration, prevents a fluid flow between the first and second interior valve spaces. 9. The pipeline assembly of claim 8, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
at least one first space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the first interior valve space; and at least one second space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the second interior valve space. 10. A pipeline assembly, comprising:
a hollow body having a first opening and a second opening; a valve port provided on the hollow body, wherein the valve port is fluidly coupled to the first opening; a valve port seat disposed in the valve port; a shutter; and a spring, coupled to the shutter, configured to urge the shutter against the valve port seat to fluidly de-couple the second opening from the first opening. 11. The pipeline assembly of claim 10, further comprising:
a valve plug disposed in the valve port, wherein the valve plug decouples the shutter from the valve port seat to fluidly couple the first opening and the second opening to one another. 12. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, further comprising:
a check valve disposed in the valve plug, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow in a direction from the second opening to the first opening. 13. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, further comprising:
a filter disposed in the valve plug. 14. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
a valve plug body; a check valve disposed in the valve plug body between a first space and a second space defined in the valve plug body, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow between the second space and the first space when the check valve is in a closed configuration, and wherein, when the check valve is in the closed configuration, the first space is fluidly coupled to the first opening and not fluidly coupled to the second opening. 15. The pipeline assembly of claim 14, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
at least one first space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the first space; and at least one second space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the second space. 16. The pipeline assembly of claim 10, wherein the valve port seat is disposed within the hollow body. 17. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, wherein the valve plug is threadably coupled to the valve port. 18. The pipeline assembly of claim 10, wherein the valve port seat is threadably coupled to the body. 19. A pipeline assembly, comprising:
a hollow body having an interior space; an inlet opening and an outlet opening, each provided on the hollow body and each fluidly coupled to the body interior space; a valve port provided on the hollow body and fluidly coupled to the inlet opening; a valve port seat disposed in the valve port; a shutter; a spring, coupled to the shutter, configured to urge the shutter against the valve port seat; and a valve plug body disposed in the valve port, wherein the valve plug decouples the shutter from the valve port seat. 20. The pipeline assembly of claim 19, further comprising at least one of:
a check valve disposed in the valve plug body between a first space and a second space defined in the valve plug body, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow between the second space and the first space when the check valve is in a closed configuration; or a filter disposed in the valve plug body between the first space and the second space, wherein the filter is configured to filter out unwanted particles in a fluid flow between the first and second spaces. 21. The pipeline assembly of claim 19, wherein the valve plug body is threadably coupled to the valve port. 22. The pipeline assembly of claim 19, wherein the valve port seat is threadably coupled to the hollow body. 23. A valve plug, comprising:
a valve plug body; and at least one of:
a check valve disposed in the valve plug body between a first space and a second space defined in the valve plug body, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow between the second space and the first space when the check valve is in a closed configuration; or
a filter disposed in the valve plug body between the first space and the second space, wherein the filter is configured to filter out unwanted particles in a fluid flow between the first and second spaces. 24. The valve plug of claim 23, further comprising:
at least one first space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the first space; and at least one second space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the second space. | A pipeline assembly includes a hollow body having a first opening and a second opening. A valve port fluidly coupled to the first opening is provided on the body and a valve port seat is disposed in the valve port. A shutter is urged against the valve port seat by a spring fluidly de-coupling the second opening from the first opening and the valve port. A valve plug includes a check valve. When the valve plug is disposed in the valve port, the valve plug decouples the shutter from the valve port seat to fluidly couple the first opening and the second opening with a fluid flow in only a first direction when the check valve is in an open condition.1. A pipeline assembly, comprising:
a body having an interior space defined therein; an outlet opening, provided on the hollow body, fluidly coupled to the body interior space; a valve port opening, provided on the body, fluidly coupled to the body interior space; a valve port seat disposed in the valve port; a shutter; and a spring, coupled to the shutter, configured to urge the shutter against the valve port seat to fluidly de-couple the outlet opening from the valve port opening. 2. The pipeline assembly of claim 1, wherein the valve port seat is threadably coupled to the body. 3. The pipeline assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
a valve plug positioned in the valve port opening to decouple the shutter from the valve port seat. 4. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, wherein the valve plug is threadably coupled to the valve port. 5. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, further comprising:
a filter disposed in the valve plug. 6. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
a check valve configured to prevent a fluid flow in a direction from the outlet opening. 7. The pipeline assembly of claim 3, wherein:
the valve plug is configured to fluidly isolate the valve port opening from the body interior space. 8. The pipeline assembly of claim 7, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
a valve plug body; and a check valve defining a first interior valve space and a second interior valve space in an interior of the valve plug body, the first interior valve space fluidly coupled to the body interior space, wherein the check valve, when in a closed configuration, prevents a fluid flow between the first and second interior valve spaces. 9. The pipeline assembly of claim 8, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
at least one first space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the first interior valve space; and at least one second space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the second interior valve space. 10. A pipeline assembly, comprising:
a hollow body having a first opening and a second opening; a valve port provided on the hollow body, wherein the valve port is fluidly coupled to the first opening; a valve port seat disposed in the valve port; a shutter; and a spring, coupled to the shutter, configured to urge the shutter against the valve port seat to fluidly de-couple the second opening from the first opening. 11. The pipeline assembly of claim 10, further comprising:
a valve plug disposed in the valve port, wherein the valve plug decouples the shutter from the valve port seat to fluidly couple the first opening and the second opening to one another. 12. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, further comprising:
a check valve disposed in the valve plug, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow in a direction from the second opening to the first opening. 13. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, further comprising:
a filter disposed in the valve plug. 14. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
a valve plug body; a check valve disposed in the valve plug body between a first space and a second space defined in the valve plug body, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow between the second space and the first space when the check valve is in a closed configuration, and wherein, when the check valve is in the closed configuration, the first space is fluidly coupled to the first opening and not fluidly coupled to the second opening. 15. The pipeline assembly of claim 14, wherein the valve plug further comprises:
at least one first space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the first space; and at least one second space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the second space. 16. The pipeline assembly of claim 10, wherein the valve port seat is disposed within the hollow body. 17. The pipeline assembly of claim 11, wherein the valve plug is threadably coupled to the valve port. 18. The pipeline assembly of claim 10, wherein the valve port seat is threadably coupled to the body. 19. A pipeline assembly, comprising:
a hollow body having an interior space; an inlet opening and an outlet opening, each provided on the hollow body and each fluidly coupled to the body interior space; a valve port provided on the hollow body and fluidly coupled to the inlet opening; a valve port seat disposed in the valve port; a shutter; a spring, coupled to the shutter, configured to urge the shutter against the valve port seat; and a valve plug body disposed in the valve port, wherein the valve plug decouples the shutter from the valve port seat. 20. The pipeline assembly of claim 19, further comprising at least one of:
a check valve disposed in the valve plug body between a first space and a second space defined in the valve plug body, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow between the second space and the first space when the check valve is in a closed configuration; or a filter disposed in the valve plug body between the first space and the second space, wherein the filter is configured to filter out unwanted particles in a fluid flow between the first and second spaces. 21. The pipeline assembly of claim 19, wherein the valve plug body is threadably coupled to the valve port. 22. The pipeline assembly of claim 19, wherein the valve port seat is threadably coupled to the hollow body. 23. A valve plug, comprising:
a valve plug body; and at least one of:
a check valve disposed in the valve plug body between a first space and a second space defined in the valve plug body, wherein the check valve is configured to prevent a fluid flow between the second space and the first space when the check valve is in a closed configuration; or
a filter disposed in the valve plug body between the first space and the second space, wherein the filter is configured to filter out unwanted particles in a fluid flow between the first and second spaces. 24. The valve plug of claim 23, further comprising:
at least one first space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the first space; and at least one second space vent defined in the valve plug body in fluid connection with the second space. | 2,600 |
346,612 | 16,805,044 | 2,664 | Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive a carrier aggregation (CA) configuration for communications on a set of cells. The UE may determine that signals transmitted on the set of cells may be spatially quasi co-located based on the CA configuration and a predetermined relationship rule. For example, the UE may determine that the signals are spatially co-located based on receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) that have a same SSB index, receiving a common SSB, assuming that an SSB and reference signals sourced by the SSB are spatially quasi co-located, receiving a signal from a particular cell of the set of cells, or receiving a common spatial QCL relationship during a configured period of time. Once the spatial QCL relationship is determined, the UE may receive the signals transmitted on the set of cells based on the spatial QCL relationship. | 1. A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells; determining, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identifying that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and selecting a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
monitoring for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receiving at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receiving one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 13. A method for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and transmitting signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
configuring the signals across cells within the carrier aggregation such that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with a common synchronization signal block. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the signals comprises:
transmitting one or more synchronization signal blocks having a first spatial quasi co-location; and transmitting one or more reference signals sourced by the one or more synchronization signal blocks having a second spatial quasi co-location. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration for communications on the plurality of cells comprises an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
transmitting the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located. 18. An apparatus for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells;
determine, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and
receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 24. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identify that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 25. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and select a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 26. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
monitor for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receive at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receive one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 28. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 29. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 30. An apparatus for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and
transmit signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. | Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive a carrier aggregation (CA) configuration for communications on a set of cells. The UE may determine that signals transmitted on the set of cells may be spatially quasi co-located based on the CA configuration and a predetermined relationship rule. For example, the UE may determine that the signals are spatially co-located based on receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) that have a same SSB index, receiving a common SSB, assuming that an SSB and reference signals sourced by the SSB are spatially quasi co-located, receiving a signal from a particular cell of the set of cells, or receiving a common spatial QCL relationship during a configured period of time. Once the spatial QCL relationship is determined, the UE may receive the signals transmitted on the set of cells based on the spatial QCL relationship.1. A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells; determining, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identifying that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and selecting a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
monitoring for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receiving at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receiving one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 13. A method for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and transmitting signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
configuring the signals across cells within the carrier aggregation such that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with a common synchronization signal block. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the signals comprises:
transmitting one or more synchronization signal blocks having a first spatial quasi co-location; and transmitting one or more reference signals sourced by the one or more synchronization signal blocks having a second spatial quasi co-location. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration for communications on the plurality of cells comprises an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
transmitting the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located. 18. An apparatus for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells;
determine, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and
receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 24. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identify that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 25. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and select a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 26. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
monitor for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receive at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receive one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 28. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 29. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 30. An apparatus for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and
transmit signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. | 2,600 |
346,613 | 16,805,059 | 2,664 | Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive a carrier aggregation (CA) configuration for communications on a set of cells. The UE may determine that signals transmitted on the set of cells may be spatially quasi co-located based on the CA configuration and a predetermined relationship rule. For example, the UE may determine that the signals are spatially co-located based on receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) that have a same SSB index, receiving a common SSB, assuming that an SSB and reference signals sourced by the SSB are spatially quasi co-located, receiving a signal from a particular cell of the set of cells, or receiving a common spatial QCL relationship during a configured period of time. Once the spatial QCL relationship is determined, the UE may receive the signals transmitted on the set of cells based on the spatial QCL relationship. | 1. A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells; determining, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identifying that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and selecting a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
monitoring for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receiving at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receiving one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 13. A method for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and transmitting signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
configuring the signals across cells within the carrier aggregation such that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with a common synchronization signal block. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the signals comprises:
transmitting one or more synchronization signal blocks having a first spatial quasi co-location; and transmitting one or more reference signals sourced by the one or more synchronization signal blocks having a second spatial quasi co-location. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration for communications on the plurality of cells comprises an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
transmitting the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located. 18. An apparatus for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells;
determine, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and
receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 24. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identify that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 25. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and select a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 26. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
monitor for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receive at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receive one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 28. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 29. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 30. An apparatus for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and
transmit signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. | Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive a carrier aggregation (CA) configuration for communications on a set of cells. The UE may determine that signals transmitted on the set of cells may be spatially quasi co-located based on the CA configuration and a predetermined relationship rule. For example, the UE may determine that the signals are spatially co-located based on receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) that have a same SSB index, receiving a common SSB, assuming that an SSB and reference signals sourced by the SSB are spatially quasi co-located, receiving a signal from a particular cell of the set of cells, or receiving a common spatial QCL relationship during a configured period of time. Once the spatial QCL relationship is determined, the UE may receive the signals transmitted on the set of cells based on the spatial QCL relationship.1. A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells; determining, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identifying that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and selecting a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
monitoring for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receiving at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receiving one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the signals are spatially quasi co-located comprises:
receiving a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 13. A method for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and transmitting signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
configuring the signals across cells within the carrier aggregation such that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with a common synchronization signal block. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the signals comprises:
transmitting one or more synchronization signal blocks having a first spatial quasi co-location; and transmitting one or more reference signals sourced by the one or more synchronization signal blocks having a second spatial quasi co-location. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration for communications on the plurality of cells comprises an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
transmitting the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located. 18. An apparatus for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a configuration for carrier aggregation communications on a plurality of cells;
determine, from the configuration and based at least in part on a predetermined relationship rule, that signals transmitted on the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located; and
receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a cross-carrier indication that indicates a common synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the common synchronization signal block. 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the synchronization signal block is common across the plurality of cells. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive at least one of the signals on a particular cell of the plurality of cells, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the at least one of the signals based on a characteristic of the particular cell. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the characteristic of the particular cell is that the particular cell is a primary cell, a primary secondary cell, or a cell with a smallest serving index within an intra-band carrier aggregation. 24. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive multiple synchronization signal blocks from the plurality of cells; and identify that the multiple synchronization signal blocks each have a same synchronization signal block index, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that signals across the plurality of cells are spatially quasi co-located based on the signals having the same synchronization signal block index. 25. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive the signals during a period of time during which the signals are actually spatially quasi co-located; and select a signal during the period of time, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that the signals are spatially quasi co-located with the selected signal. 26. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to receive the signals transmitted on the plurality of cells based at least in part on the determination that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
monitor for one or more synchronization signal blocks from a first cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule; receive at least one synchronization signal black based at least in part on monitoring for the one or more synchronization signal blocks; and receive one or more reference signals from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based at least in part on the predetermined relationship rule and monitoring for the synchronization signal blocks. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the reference signals comprise channel state information reference signals, a tracking reference signals, or a combination thereof. 28. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions to determine that the signals are spatially quasi co-located are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
receive a synchronization signal block and a reference signal sourced by the synchronization signal block, wherein the predetermined relationship rule is that synchronization signal blocks and reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal blocks are spatially quasi co-located even when the synchronization signal block and the reference signals sourced by the synchronization signal block are not actually quasi co-located. 29. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the carrier aggregation configuration is an intra-band carrier aggregation configuration. 30. An apparatus for wireless communications at a base station, comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a carrier aggregation configuration for communications on a plurality of cells; and
transmit signals to the UE in accordance with a predetermined relationship rule such that the UE can receive the signals as if the signals are spatially quasi co-located. | 2,600 |
346,614 | 16,805,036 | 2,664 | Systems and methods are described by which a serving module of a campaign controller identifies a first version of a model which the campaign controller uses to communicate a first simulated phishing communication to a plurality of users. The campaign controller receives a first response from a first user to the simulated phishing communication and a second response from a second user to the simulated phishing communication and determines that the first and second responses are corresponding, for example are the same or similar. The serving module assigns a first user to a first group of users and a second user to a second group of users and identifies a second version of the model to use for the first user and a third version of the model to use for the second user. | 1. A method comprising:
(a) identifying, by a campaign controller, a first version of a model and a second version of the model to be used by the campaign controller for executing simulated phishing campaigns; (b) assigning, by the campaign controller, a first user of a plurality of users to a first group of users and a second user of the plurality of users to a second group of users; (c) communicating, by the campaign controller, a first simulated phishing communication to the first user using the first version of the model and a second simulated phishing communication to the second user using the second version of the model; (d) receiving, by the campaign controller, a first response from the first user of the plurality of users to the first simulated phishing communication, and a second response from the second user of the plurality of users to the second simulated phishing communication; (e) determining, by the campaign controller responsive to receiving the first response and the second response, whether the first version of the model or the second version of the model performed better in causing one or more users of the plurality of users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications; and (f) establishing, by the campaign controller responsive to the determination, one of the first version of the model or the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprising determining that the first version of the model performed better than the second version of the model. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprising determining that the second version of the model performed better than the first version of the model. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising assigning, by the campaign controller, the first user of the plurality of users to a third group of users and the second user of the plurality of users to a fourth group of users. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying, by the campaign controller, a third version of the model for the third group of users and a fourth version of the model for the fourth group of users. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising communicating, by the campaign controller, one or more simulated phishing communications to the third group of users using the third version of the model and communicating, by the campaign controller, one or more simulated phishing communications to the fourth group of users using the fourth version of the model. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising receiving, by the campaign controller, a third plurality of responses from the third group of users and a fourth plurality of responses from the fourth group of users. 8. The method of claim 6, further comprising determining, by the campaign controller, whether the third version of the model performed better than the fourth version of the model in causing one or more users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprises establishing, by the campaign controller responsive to the determination, the first version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprises establishing, by the campaign controller responsive to the determination, the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 11. A system comprising:
one or more processors, coupled to memory; a campaign controller executable on the one or more processors and configured to:
identify a first version of a model and a second version of the model to be used by the campaign controller for executing simulated phishing campaigns;
assign a first user of a plurality of users to a first group of users and a second user of the plurality of users to a second group of users;
communicate a first simulated phishing communication to the first user using the first version of the model and a second simulated phishing communication to the second user using the second version of the model;
receive a first response from the first user of the plurality of users to the first simulated phishing communication, and a second response from the second user of the plurality of users to the second simulated phishing communication;
determine, responsive to receiving the first response and the second response, whether the first version of the model or the second version of the model performed better in causing one or more users of the plurality of users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications; and
establish, responsive to the determination, one of the first version of the model or the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to determine that the first version of the model performed better than the second version of the model. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to determine that the second version of the model performed better than the first version of the model. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to assign the first user of the plurality of users to a third group of users and the second user of the plurality of users to a fourth group of users. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to identity a third version of the model for the third group of users and a fourth version of the model for the fourth group of users. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to communicate one or more simulated phishing communications to the third group of users using the third version of the model and communicating, by the campaign controller, one or more simulated phishing communications to the fourth group of users using the fourth version of the model. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to receive a third plurality of responses from the third group of users and a fourth plurality of responses from the fourth group of users. 18. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to determine whether the third version of the model performed better than the fourth version of the model in causing one or more users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications. 19. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to establish, responsive to the determination, the first version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 20. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to establish, responsive to the determination, the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. | Systems and methods are described by which a serving module of a campaign controller identifies a first version of a model which the campaign controller uses to communicate a first simulated phishing communication to a plurality of users. The campaign controller receives a first response from a first user to the simulated phishing communication and a second response from a second user to the simulated phishing communication and determines that the first and second responses are corresponding, for example are the same or similar. The serving module assigns a first user to a first group of users and a second user to a second group of users and identifies a second version of the model to use for the first user and a third version of the model to use for the second user.1. A method comprising:
(a) identifying, by a campaign controller, a first version of a model and a second version of the model to be used by the campaign controller for executing simulated phishing campaigns; (b) assigning, by the campaign controller, a first user of a plurality of users to a first group of users and a second user of the plurality of users to a second group of users; (c) communicating, by the campaign controller, a first simulated phishing communication to the first user using the first version of the model and a second simulated phishing communication to the second user using the second version of the model; (d) receiving, by the campaign controller, a first response from the first user of the plurality of users to the first simulated phishing communication, and a second response from the second user of the plurality of users to the second simulated phishing communication; (e) determining, by the campaign controller responsive to receiving the first response and the second response, whether the first version of the model or the second version of the model performed better in causing one or more users of the plurality of users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications; and (f) establishing, by the campaign controller responsive to the determination, one of the first version of the model or the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprising determining that the first version of the model performed better than the second version of the model. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprising determining that the second version of the model performed better than the first version of the model. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising assigning, by the campaign controller, the first user of the plurality of users to a third group of users and the second user of the plurality of users to a fourth group of users. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying, by the campaign controller, a third version of the model for the third group of users and a fourth version of the model for the fourth group of users. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising communicating, by the campaign controller, one or more simulated phishing communications to the third group of users using the third version of the model and communicating, by the campaign controller, one or more simulated phishing communications to the fourth group of users using the fourth version of the model. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising receiving, by the campaign controller, a third plurality of responses from the third group of users and a fourth plurality of responses from the fourth group of users. 8. The method of claim 6, further comprising determining, by the campaign controller, whether the third version of the model performed better than the fourth version of the model in causing one or more users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprises establishing, by the campaign controller responsive to the determination, the first version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein (e) further comprises establishing, by the campaign controller responsive to the determination, the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 11. A system comprising:
one or more processors, coupled to memory; a campaign controller executable on the one or more processors and configured to:
identify a first version of a model and a second version of the model to be used by the campaign controller for executing simulated phishing campaigns;
assign a first user of a plurality of users to a first group of users and a second user of the plurality of users to a second group of users;
communicate a first simulated phishing communication to the first user using the first version of the model and a second simulated phishing communication to the second user using the second version of the model;
receive a first response from the first user of the plurality of users to the first simulated phishing communication, and a second response from the second user of the plurality of users to the second simulated phishing communication;
determine, responsive to receiving the first response and the second response, whether the first version of the model or the second version of the model performed better in causing one or more users of the plurality of users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications; and
establish, responsive to the determination, one of the first version of the model or the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to determine that the first version of the model performed better than the second version of the model. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to determine that the second version of the model performed better than the first version of the model. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to assign the first user of the plurality of users to a third group of users and the second user of the plurality of users to a fourth group of users. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to identity a third version of the model for the third group of users and a fourth version of the model for the fourth group of users. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to communicate one or more simulated phishing communications to the third group of users using the third version of the model and communicating, by the campaign controller, one or more simulated phishing communications to the fourth group of users using the fourth version of the model. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to receive a third plurality of responses from the third group of users and a fourth plurality of responses from the fourth group of users. 18. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to determine whether the third version of the model performed better than the fourth version of the model in causing one or more users to interact with a link of simulated phishing communications. 19. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to establish, responsive to the determination, the first version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. 20. The system of claim 11, wherein the campaign controller is further configured to establish, responsive to the determination, the second version of the model as the model to use for simulated phishing communications for the plurality of users. | 2,600 |
346,615 | 16,805,033 | 2,664 | A catheter-based/intravascular ablation (denervation) system includes a multiplicity of needles which expand open around a central axis to engage the wall of a blood vessel, or the wall of the left atrium, allowing the injection of a cytotoxic or/or neurotoxic solution for ablating conducting tissue, or nerve fibers around the ostium of the pulmonary vein, or circumferentially in or just beyond the outer layer of the renal artery. The expandable needle delivery system is formed with self-expanding materials and include structures, near the end portion of the needles, or using separate guide tubes. The system also includes means to limit and/or adjust the depth of penetration of the ablative fluid into the tissue of the wall of the targeted blood vessel. The preferred embodiment of the catheter delivered through the vascular system of a patient includes a multiplicity of expandable guide tubes that engage the wall of a blood vessel. Injection needles having injection egress at or near their sharpened distal end are then advanced through the guide tubes to penetrate the wall of the blood vessel to a prescribed depth. The ability to provide Peri.Vascular injection so as to only affect the outer layer(s) of a blood. vessel without affecting the media has particular application for Peri.Vascular Renal Denervation (PVRD) of the sympathetic nerves which lie. in the adventitia or outside the adventitia of the renal artery. | 1-72. (canceled) 73. A method comprising:
providing a system comprising a catheter body, a first guide tube, a second guide tube, a first injection needle, and a second injection needle, the first injection needle disposed within a lumen of the first guide tube and the second injection needle disposed within a lumen of the second guide tube; simultaneously advancing the first and second guide tubes to curve outward toward a target wall but not penetrate the target wall; and simultaneously advancing the first and second injection needles to penetrate the target wall, guided by the first and second guide tubes, each injection needle extending beyond the respective guide tube until further advancement of the first and second injection needles is prevented. 74. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque marker. 75. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque marker of the first guide tube. 76. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque marker of the first injection needle. 77. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque wire within the first injection needle. 78. The method of claim 73, further including injecting a fluid with the first injection needle. 79. The method of claim 73, further including evaluating electrical activity with the first injection needle. 80. The method of claim 73, further including measuring electrical activity within the target wall with the first injection needle. 81. The method of claim 73, wherein the first and second injection needles advance at least 0.5 mm beyond the respective guide tube. 82. The method of claim 73, wherein the first and second injection needles advance between 0.5 mm and 4 mm beyond the respective guide tube. 83. The method of claim 73, wherein the first and second injection needles advance between 2 mm and 3 mm beyond the respective guide tube. 84. A method comprising:
providing a system comprising a catheter body, a first guide tube, a second guide tube, a first injection needle, and a second injection needle, the first injection needle disposed within a lumen of the first guide tube and the second injection needle disposed within a lumen of the second guide tube; simultaneously advancing the first and second guide tubes to curve outward against a target wall but not penetrate the target wall; and simultaneously advancing the first and second injection needles relative to and within the lumen of the first and second guide tubes to penetrate the target wall, each injection needle extending beyond the respective guide tube to penetrate the target wall at a preset distance. 85. The method of claim 84, further including visualization of the first guide tube, the second guide tube, or the first and second guide tubes. 86. The method of claim 84, further including visualization of the first injection needle, the second injection needle, or the first and second injection needles. 87. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is 0.5 mm. 88. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is between 0.5 mm and 4 mm. 89. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is between 2 mm and 3 mm. 90. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is determined prior to advancing the system in a body of a patient. 91. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is determined by a measurement of anatomy of a patient. 92. A method comprising:
providing a system comprising a catheter body, two or more guide tubes, two or more injection needles, each injection needle adapted to move distally and proximally relative to and within a lumen of a respective guide tube of the two or more guide tubes; simultaneously advancing the two or more guide tubes against a target wall but not penetrate the target wall; and simultaneously advancing the two or more injection needles, each injection needle advancing relative to the respective guide tube of the two or more guide tubes to penetrate the target wall, each injection needle extending beyond the respective guide tube up to a maximum distance. | A catheter-based/intravascular ablation (denervation) system includes a multiplicity of needles which expand open around a central axis to engage the wall of a blood vessel, or the wall of the left atrium, allowing the injection of a cytotoxic or/or neurotoxic solution for ablating conducting tissue, or nerve fibers around the ostium of the pulmonary vein, or circumferentially in or just beyond the outer layer of the renal artery. The expandable needle delivery system is formed with self-expanding materials and include structures, near the end portion of the needles, or using separate guide tubes. The system also includes means to limit and/or adjust the depth of penetration of the ablative fluid into the tissue of the wall of the targeted blood vessel. The preferred embodiment of the catheter delivered through the vascular system of a patient includes a multiplicity of expandable guide tubes that engage the wall of a blood vessel. Injection needles having injection egress at or near their sharpened distal end are then advanced through the guide tubes to penetrate the wall of the blood vessel to a prescribed depth. The ability to provide Peri.Vascular injection so as to only affect the outer layer(s) of a blood. vessel without affecting the media has particular application for Peri.Vascular Renal Denervation (PVRD) of the sympathetic nerves which lie. in the adventitia or outside the adventitia of the renal artery.1-72. (canceled) 73. A method comprising:
providing a system comprising a catheter body, a first guide tube, a second guide tube, a first injection needle, and a second injection needle, the first injection needle disposed within a lumen of the first guide tube and the second injection needle disposed within a lumen of the second guide tube; simultaneously advancing the first and second guide tubes to curve outward toward a target wall but not penetrate the target wall; and simultaneously advancing the first and second injection needles to penetrate the target wall, guided by the first and second guide tubes, each injection needle extending beyond the respective guide tube until further advancement of the first and second injection needles is prevented. 74. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque marker. 75. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque marker of the first guide tube. 76. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque marker of the first injection needle. 77. The method of claim 73, further including visualization of a radiopaque wire within the first injection needle. 78. The method of claim 73, further including injecting a fluid with the first injection needle. 79. The method of claim 73, further including evaluating electrical activity with the first injection needle. 80. The method of claim 73, further including measuring electrical activity within the target wall with the first injection needle. 81. The method of claim 73, wherein the first and second injection needles advance at least 0.5 mm beyond the respective guide tube. 82. The method of claim 73, wherein the first and second injection needles advance between 0.5 mm and 4 mm beyond the respective guide tube. 83. The method of claim 73, wherein the first and second injection needles advance between 2 mm and 3 mm beyond the respective guide tube. 84. A method comprising:
providing a system comprising a catheter body, a first guide tube, a second guide tube, a first injection needle, and a second injection needle, the first injection needle disposed within a lumen of the first guide tube and the second injection needle disposed within a lumen of the second guide tube; simultaneously advancing the first and second guide tubes to curve outward against a target wall but not penetrate the target wall; and simultaneously advancing the first and second injection needles relative to and within the lumen of the first and second guide tubes to penetrate the target wall, each injection needle extending beyond the respective guide tube to penetrate the target wall at a preset distance. 85. The method of claim 84, further including visualization of the first guide tube, the second guide tube, or the first and second guide tubes. 86. The method of claim 84, further including visualization of the first injection needle, the second injection needle, or the first and second injection needles. 87. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is 0.5 mm. 88. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is between 0.5 mm and 4 mm. 89. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is between 2 mm and 3 mm. 90. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is determined prior to advancing the system in a body of a patient. 91. The method of claim 84, wherein the preset distance is determined by a measurement of anatomy of a patient. 92. A method comprising:
providing a system comprising a catheter body, two or more guide tubes, two or more injection needles, each injection needle adapted to move distally and proximally relative to and within a lumen of a respective guide tube of the two or more guide tubes; simultaneously advancing the two or more guide tubes against a target wall but not penetrate the target wall; and simultaneously advancing the two or more injection needles, each injection needle advancing relative to the respective guide tube of the two or more guide tubes to penetrate the target wall, each injection needle extending beyond the respective guide tube up to a maximum distance. | 2,600 |
346,616 | 16,805,090 | 2,664 | The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for performing a cost-benefit analysis of a microtransit service, including a method utilizing both transportation simulation and experimental design in connection with the cost-benefit analysis. | 1. A method for performing a cost-benefit analysis for a microtransit system in a desired geographic area comprising:
creating a transportation network simulation of a proposed microtransit system in a geographic area utilizing a Macroscopic Transportation Simulation (MTST) tool; performing a full-factorial analysis of the proposed microtransit system comprising a series of batch simulation runs of selected independently variables for the proposed microtransit system utilizing a Shared Mobility Simulation tool (SMST) comprising independent variables; creating a revised transportation network simulation for the desired geographic area for each batch run of the proposed microtransit system utilizing MTST; calculating a plurality of Key Performance Indices (KPIs) for the proposed microtransit system for each of the revised transportation network simulations; and performing a cost-benefit analysis based on the KPIs to evaluate the proposed microtransit system. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the microtransit system is one of a city-scale deployment of microtransit services, a first-mile/last-mile shuttle, a non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT), the microtransit system replacing low frequency/low utilization buses, park-and-ride, event-transportation, and service expansion for transit authorities or an alternative mobility service. 3. The method of claim 1, where the independent variables for the SMST include a maximum number of service vehicles utilized in the microtransit system full-factorial analysis. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the maximum number of service vehicles included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of about 1% unserved demand and an alternative value which is 15% less than the base value. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include a maximum wait time for passengers in the full-factorial analysis. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the maximum wait time included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of 5 minutes and an alternate value of 15 minutes. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include a maximum detour factor for passengers in the full-factorial analysis. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the maximum detour factor included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of 2 and an alternate value of 3. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include a pick-up and drop-off location density for passengers in the full-factorial analysis. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pick-up and drop-off location density included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of 50 m spacing and an alternate value of 400 m spacing. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the pick-up and drop-off location density included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of about a 45 second walk for a user and an alternate value of about a 5-minute walk for a user. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include microtransit system demand in the full-factorial analysis. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein microsystem demand included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of about 3% of private vehicle trips and an alternate value of 15% of private vehicle trips. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the full-factorial analysis includes a batch run for each of a base value and an alternative value for each of the selected independent variables. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the KPIs include one or more of:
vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per day; vehicle hours traveled (VHT) per day; passenger miles traveled (PMT) per day; passenger hours traveled (PHT) per day; passenger experienced detour factor; daily trips per vehicle; vehicle occupancy; and profitability per vehicle. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the cost-benefit analysis includes comparing one or more of operating cost, traffic flow assessment and environment impact for batch runs of SMST. 17. A system, comprising:
a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions, the processor configured to execute the instructions to: create a transportation network simulation of a proposed microtransit system in a desired geographic area utilizing a Macroscopic Transportation Simulation (MTST); perform a full-factorial analysis of the proposed microtransit system comprising a series of batch simulation runs of selected independently variables for the proposed microtransit system utilizing a Shared Mobility Simulation tool (SMST); create a revised transportation network simulation for the desired geographic area for each batch run of the proposed microtransit system utilizing the MTST; calculate a plurality of Key Performance Indices (KPIs) for the proposed microtransit system for each of the revised transportation network simulations; and perform a cost-benefit analysis based on the KPIs to evaluate the proposed microtransit system. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein a microtransit system is one of a city-scale deployment of microtransit services, a first-mile/last-mile shuttle, a non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT), the microtransit system replacing low frequency/low utilization buses, park-and-ride, event-transportation, and service expansion for transit authorities or alternative mobility service. 19. The system of claim 17, where the independent variables for the SMST in the full-factorial analysis include one or more of a maximum number of service vehicles utilized in a microtransit system, maximum passenger wait time, maximum passenger detour factor, passenger pick-up and drop-off density and demand. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereupon which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
create a transportation network simulation of a proposed microtransit system in a desired geographic area utilizing a Macroscopic Transportation Simulation (MTST); perform a full-factorial analysis of the proposed microtransit system comprising a series of batch simulation runs of selected independently variables for the proposed microtransit system utilizing a Shared Mobility Simulation tool (SMST); create a revised transportation network simulation for the desired geographic area for each batch run of the proposed microtransit system utilizing the MTST; calculate a plurality of Key Performance Indices (KPIs) for the proposed microtransit system for each of the revised transportation network simulations; and perform a cost-benefit analysis based on the KPIs to evaluate the proposed microtransit system. | The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for performing a cost-benefit analysis of a microtransit service, including a method utilizing both transportation simulation and experimental design in connection with the cost-benefit analysis.1. A method for performing a cost-benefit analysis for a microtransit system in a desired geographic area comprising:
creating a transportation network simulation of a proposed microtransit system in a geographic area utilizing a Macroscopic Transportation Simulation (MTST) tool; performing a full-factorial analysis of the proposed microtransit system comprising a series of batch simulation runs of selected independently variables for the proposed microtransit system utilizing a Shared Mobility Simulation tool (SMST) comprising independent variables; creating a revised transportation network simulation for the desired geographic area for each batch run of the proposed microtransit system utilizing MTST; calculating a plurality of Key Performance Indices (KPIs) for the proposed microtransit system for each of the revised transportation network simulations; and performing a cost-benefit analysis based on the KPIs to evaluate the proposed microtransit system. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the microtransit system is one of a city-scale deployment of microtransit services, a first-mile/last-mile shuttle, a non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT), the microtransit system replacing low frequency/low utilization buses, park-and-ride, event-transportation, and service expansion for transit authorities or an alternative mobility service. 3. The method of claim 1, where the independent variables for the SMST include a maximum number of service vehicles utilized in the microtransit system full-factorial analysis. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the maximum number of service vehicles included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of about 1% unserved demand and an alternative value which is 15% less than the base value. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include a maximum wait time for passengers in the full-factorial analysis. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the maximum wait time included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of 5 minutes and an alternate value of 15 minutes. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include a maximum detour factor for passengers in the full-factorial analysis. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the maximum detour factor included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of 2 and an alternate value of 3. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include a pick-up and drop-off location density for passengers in the full-factorial analysis. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pick-up and drop-off location density included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of 50 m spacing and an alternate value of 400 m spacing. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the pick-up and drop-off location density included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of about a 45 second walk for a user and an alternate value of about a 5-minute walk for a user. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the independent variables for SMST include microtransit system demand in the full-factorial analysis. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein microsystem demand included in the full-factorial analysis comprises a base value of about 3% of private vehicle trips and an alternate value of 15% of private vehicle trips. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the full-factorial analysis includes a batch run for each of a base value and an alternative value for each of the selected independent variables. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the KPIs include one or more of:
vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per day; vehicle hours traveled (VHT) per day; passenger miles traveled (PMT) per day; passenger hours traveled (PHT) per day; passenger experienced detour factor; daily trips per vehicle; vehicle occupancy; and profitability per vehicle. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the cost-benefit analysis includes comparing one or more of operating cost, traffic flow assessment and environment impact for batch runs of SMST. 17. A system, comprising:
a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions, the processor configured to execute the instructions to: create a transportation network simulation of a proposed microtransit system in a desired geographic area utilizing a Macroscopic Transportation Simulation (MTST); perform a full-factorial analysis of the proposed microtransit system comprising a series of batch simulation runs of selected independently variables for the proposed microtransit system utilizing a Shared Mobility Simulation tool (SMST); create a revised transportation network simulation for the desired geographic area for each batch run of the proposed microtransit system utilizing the MTST; calculate a plurality of Key Performance Indices (KPIs) for the proposed microtransit system for each of the revised transportation network simulations; and perform a cost-benefit analysis based on the KPIs to evaluate the proposed microtransit system. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein a microtransit system is one of a city-scale deployment of microtransit services, a first-mile/last-mile shuttle, a non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT), the microtransit system replacing low frequency/low utilization buses, park-and-ride, event-transportation, and service expansion for transit authorities or alternative mobility service. 19. The system of claim 17, where the independent variables for the SMST in the full-factorial analysis include one or more of a maximum number of service vehicles utilized in a microtransit system, maximum passenger wait time, maximum passenger detour factor, passenger pick-up and drop-off density and demand. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereupon which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
create a transportation network simulation of a proposed microtransit system in a desired geographic area utilizing a Macroscopic Transportation Simulation (MTST); perform a full-factorial analysis of the proposed microtransit system comprising a series of batch simulation runs of selected independently variables for the proposed microtransit system utilizing a Shared Mobility Simulation tool (SMST); create a revised transportation network simulation for the desired geographic area for each batch run of the proposed microtransit system utilizing the MTST; calculate a plurality of Key Performance Indices (KPIs) for the proposed microtransit system for each of the revised transportation network simulations; and perform a cost-benefit analysis based on the KPIs to evaluate the proposed microtransit system. | 2,600 |
346,617 | 16,805,084 | 2,664 | A connector configured to be assembled to a plate-shaped panel in a state of being inserted into a through hole of the plate-shaped panel, the connector includes a body, and a first locking portion and a second locking portion. The body is configured to be inserted into the through hole in a predetermined insertion direction. The first locking portion and the second locking portion are integrally provided with the body and configured to be engaged with a circumferential edge portion of the through hole in a state where the circumferential edge portion is clamped in the insertion direction. | 1. A connector configured to be assembled to a plate-shaped panel in a state of being inserted into a through hole of the plate-shaped panel, the connector comprising:
a body; and a first locking portion and a second locking portion, wherein the body is configured to be inserted into the through hole in a predetermined insertion direction, wherein the first locking portion and the second locking portion are integrally provided with the body and configured to be engaged with a circumferential edge portion of the through hole in a state where the circumferential edge portion is clamped in the insertion direction, and wherein at least one of the first locking portion and the second locking portion has a shape of a double end-supported beam including a pair of beam-shaped portions extending from the body and a protrusion portion connecting free ends of the pair of beam-shaped portions and protruding toward the plate-shaped panel. 2. The connector according to claim 1,
wherein the protrusion portion comprises: a first part connected to one of the pair of beam-shaped portions and extending toward the plate-shaped panel; a second part connected to the other of the pair of beam-shaped portions and extending toward the plate-shaped panel; and a connection part defining a gap between the first part and the second part and connecting the first part and the second part. 3. The connector according to claim 1,
wherein at least one of the pair of beam-shaped portions has a shape extending from the body so as to outwardly expand from an opening region of the through hole when the connector is assembled to the plate-shaped panel. | A connector configured to be assembled to a plate-shaped panel in a state of being inserted into a through hole of the plate-shaped panel, the connector includes a body, and a first locking portion and a second locking portion. The body is configured to be inserted into the through hole in a predetermined insertion direction. The first locking portion and the second locking portion are integrally provided with the body and configured to be engaged with a circumferential edge portion of the through hole in a state where the circumferential edge portion is clamped in the insertion direction.1. A connector configured to be assembled to a plate-shaped panel in a state of being inserted into a through hole of the plate-shaped panel, the connector comprising:
a body; and a first locking portion and a second locking portion, wherein the body is configured to be inserted into the through hole in a predetermined insertion direction, wherein the first locking portion and the second locking portion are integrally provided with the body and configured to be engaged with a circumferential edge portion of the through hole in a state where the circumferential edge portion is clamped in the insertion direction, and wherein at least one of the first locking portion and the second locking portion has a shape of a double end-supported beam including a pair of beam-shaped portions extending from the body and a protrusion portion connecting free ends of the pair of beam-shaped portions and protruding toward the plate-shaped panel. 2. The connector according to claim 1,
wherein the protrusion portion comprises: a first part connected to one of the pair of beam-shaped portions and extending toward the plate-shaped panel; a second part connected to the other of the pair of beam-shaped portions and extending toward the plate-shaped panel; and a connection part defining a gap between the first part and the second part and connecting the first part and the second part. 3. The connector according to claim 1,
wherein at least one of the pair of beam-shaped portions has a shape extending from the body so as to outwardly expand from an opening region of the through hole when the connector is assembled to the plate-shaped panel. | 2,600 |
346,618 | 16,805,078 | 2,664 | A universal power input assembly includes an input power terminal, a first circuit board and a second circuit board. The input power terminal is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and the first circuit board includes a connector, wherein a first end of the connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board. | 1. A universal power input assembly, comprising:
an input power terminal; a first circuit hoard; a second circuit board; wherein the input power terminal is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and the first circuit board includes a first connector, wherein a first end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board. 2. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first connector is an L-shaped connector, and the L shape is formed by a first end of the L-shaped connector and a second end of the L-shaped connector. 3. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first end of the first connector includes a first opening and the second end of the first connector includes a second opening, wherein the first end of the first connector is mounted on the first circuit hoard by a fastener passing through the first opening and the second end of the first connector is mounted on the second circuit board by a fastener passing through the second opening. 4. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein a first end of the first connector is soldered on the first circuit board and a second end of the first connector is soldered on the second circuit hoard. 5. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first circuit board includes an a second connector, wherein a first end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board and a first end of the second connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the second connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board. 6. The universal power input assembly of claim 1 further comprising a case for holding the first circuit board and the circuit board. 7. The universal power input assembly of claim 6, wherein the first circuit board is mounted on the case by a fastener and a ground terminal of the first circuit hoard is electrically, coupled to the case by the fastener. 8. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the input power terminal is soldered on the first circuit board. 9. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the input power terminal is an Alternative Current (AC) power socket. 10. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first circuit board is a double-layer printed circuit board. 11. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first circuit board is a multi-layer printed circuit hoard. 12. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first connector is a fastener, and the fastener has two ends respectively coupled to the first circuit board and the second circuit board. 13. The universal power input assembly of claim 12, wherein the first connector is a cylinder-shaped fastener, and the cylinder shape is formed by a bolt and a nut to receive the bolt. | A universal power input assembly includes an input power terminal, a first circuit board and a second circuit board. The input power terminal is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and the first circuit board includes a connector, wherein a first end of the connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board.1. A universal power input assembly, comprising:
an input power terminal; a first circuit hoard; a second circuit board; wherein the input power terminal is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and the first circuit board includes a first connector, wherein a first end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board. 2. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first connector is an L-shaped connector, and the L shape is formed by a first end of the L-shaped connector and a second end of the L-shaped connector. 3. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first end of the first connector includes a first opening and the second end of the first connector includes a second opening, wherein the first end of the first connector is mounted on the first circuit hoard by a fastener passing through the first opening and the second end of the first connector is mounted on the second circuit board by a fastener passing through the second opening. 4. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein a first end of the first connector is soldered on the first circuit board and a second end of the first connector is soldered on the second circuit hoard. 5. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first circuit board includes an a second connector, wherein a first end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the first connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board and a first end of the second connector is electrically coupled to the first circuit board and a second end of the second connector is electrically coupled to the second circuit board. 6. The universal power input assembly of claim 1 further comprising a case for holding the first circuit board and the circuit board. 7. The universal power input assembly of claim 6, wherein the first circuit board is mounted on the case by a fastener and a ground terminal of the first circuit hoard is electrically, coupled to the case by the fastener. 8. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the input power terminal is soldered on the first circuit board. 9. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the input power terminal is an Alternative Current (AC) power socket. 10. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first circuit board is a double-layer printed circuit board. 11. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first circuit board is a multi-layer printed circuit hoard. 12. The universal power input assembly of claim 1, wherein the first connector is a fastener, and the fastener has two ends respectively coupled to the first circuit board and the second circuit board. 13. The universal power input assembly of claim 12, wherein the first connector is a cylinder-shaped fastener, and the cylinder shape is formed by a bolt and a nut to receive the bolt. | 2,600 |
346,619 | 16,805,015 | 2,664 | The present application relates to exocyclic amine-substituted coumarin derivatives and their uses as fluorescent labels. These compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications. | 1. A compound of Formula (I), a salt or a mesomeric form thereof: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein X is O or S. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein each of R and R1 is independently H, halo, or C1-6 alkyl. 6. The compound of claim 5, wherein R is H. 7. (canceled) 8. The compound of claim 5, wherein R1 is H. 9. The compound claim 1, wherein R2 is H, —SO3H, optionally substituted alkyl, or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with —CO2H or —SO3H. 10. The compound of claim 9, wherein R2 is H or —SO3H. 11. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is H, —SO3H, optionally substituted alkyl, or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with —CO2H or —SO3H. 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein R4 is H or —SO3H. 13. The compound of claim 1, wherein ring A is a 3 to 7 membered single heterocyclic ring containing one nitrogen atom. 14. The compound of claim 13, wherein ring A is 15. The compound of claim 14, wherein n is 1, 2, or 3, and wherein each R3 is independently —CO2H, —SO3H, C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with —CO2H or —SO3H, —(CH2)p—CO2Rc, or optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl. 16. The compound of claim 15, wherein n is 1 and R3 is —CO2H or —(CH2)p—CO2Rc. 17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R5 is halo, —CN, —CO2H, —SO3H, —SO2NRaRb, or optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl. 19. The compound of claim 18, wherein R5 is —CO2H, —SO3H, —SO2NH2, or C1-6 alkyl substituted with —CO2H, —SO3H, or —SO2NH2. 20. The compound of claim 1, wherein X is O, S, or NH; each R, R1, R2, and R4 is H; ring A is 21. The compound of claim 1, selected from the group consisting of: 22. (canceled) 23. A nucleotide or oligonucleotide labeled with a compound according to claim 1. 24. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide according to claim 23, wherein the compound is attached the nucleotide or oligonucleotide via R3 of Formula (I) and wherein R3 of Formula (I) is —CO2H or —(CH2)p—CO2H and the attachment forms an amide using the —CO2H group. 25. (canceled) 26. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide according to claim 23, wherein the compound is attached the nucleotide or oligonucleotide via R5 of Formula (I) and wherein R5 of Formula (I) is —CO2H and the attachment forms an amide using the —CO2H group. 27. (canceled) 28. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide of claim 23, wherein the compound is attached to the C5 position of a pyrimidine base or the C7 position of a 7-deaza purine base through a linker moiety. 29. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide according to claim 23, further comprising a 3′ OH blocking group covalently attached to the ribose or deoxyribose sugar of the nucleotide. 30. A kit comprising a first labeled nucleotide according to claim 23 and a second labeled nucleotide. 31. The kit of claim 30, wherein the second labeled nucleotide is labeled with a different compound than the first labeled nucleotide. 32. The kit of claim 31, wherein the first and second labeled nucleotides are excitable using a single laser wavelength. 33. The kit of claim 31, further comprising a third nucleotide and a fourth nucleotide, wherein each of the second, third, and fourth nucleotides is labeled with a different compound, wherein each label has a distinct absorbance maximum that is distinguishable from the other labels. 34. The kit of claim 30, wherein the kit comprises four nucleotides, wherein a first of the four nucleotides is a labeled nucleotide according to claim 23, a second of the four nucleotides carries a second label, a third nucleotide carries a third label, and a fourth nucleotide is unlabeled (dark). 35. The kit of claim 30, wherein the kit comprises four nucleotides, wherein a first of the four nucleotides is a labeled nucleotide according to claim 23, a second of the four nucleotides carries a second label, a third nucleotide carries a mixture of two labels, and a fourth nucleotide is unlabeled (dark). 36. (canceled) 37. (canceled) 38. A method of sequencing comprising incorporating a labeled nucleotide according to claim 23 in a sequencing assay. 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. A method of synthesizing a compound of claim 1, comprising reacting a compound of Formula (II) with an optionally substituted cyclic amine of Formula (III): | The present application relates to exocyclic amine-substituted coumarin derivatives and their uses as fluorescent labels. These compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications.1. A compound of Formula (I), a salt or a mesomeric form thereof: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein X is O or S. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein each of R and R1 is independently H, halo, or C1-6 alkyl. 6. The compound of claim 5, wherein R is H. 7. (canceled) 8. The compound of claim 5, wherein R1 is H. 9. The compound claim 1, wherein R2 is H, —SO3H, optionally substituted alkyl, or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with —CO2H or —SO3H. 10. The compound of claim 9, wherein R2 is H or —SO3H. 11. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is H, —SO3H, optionally substituted alkyl, or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with —CO2H or —SO3H. 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein R4 is H or —SO3H. 13. The compound of claim 1, wherein ring A is a 3 to 7 membered single heterocyclic ring containing one nitrogen atom. 14. The compound of claim 13, wherein ring A is 15. The compound of claim 14, wherein n is 1, 2, or 3, and wherein each R3 is independently —CO2H, —SO3H, C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with —CO2H or —SO3H, —(CH2)p—CO2Rc, or optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl. 16. The compound of claim 15, wherein n is 1 and R3 is —CO2H or —(CH2)p—CO2Rc. 17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R5 is halo, —CN, —CO2H, —SO3H, —SO2NRaRb, or optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl. 19. The compound of claim 18, wherein R5 is —CO2H, —SO3H, —SO2NH2, or C1-6 alkyl substituted with —CO2H, —SO3H, or —SO2NH2. 20. The compound of claim 1, wherein X is O, S, or NH; each R, R1, R2, and R4 is H; ring A is 21. The compound of claim 1, selected from the group consisting of: 22. (canceled) 23. A nucleotide or oligonucleotide labeled with a compound according to claim 1. 24. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide according to claim 23, wherein the compound is attached the nucleotide or oligonucleotide via R3 of Formula (I) and wherein R3 of Formula (I) is —CO2H or —(CH2)p—CO2H and the attachment forms an amide using the —CO2H group. 25. (canceled) 26. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide according to claim 23, wherein the compound is attached the nucleotide or oligonucleotide via R5 of Formula (I) and wherein R5 of Formula (I) is —CO2H and the attachment forms an amide using the —CO2H group. 27. (canceled) 28. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide of claim 23, wherein the compound is attached to the C5 position of a pyrimidine base or the C7 position of a 7-deaza purine base through a linker moiety. 29. The labeled nucleotide or oligonucleotide according to claim 23, further comprising a 3′ OH blocking group covalently attached to the ribose or deoxyribose sugar of the nucleotide. 30. A kit comprising a first labeled nucleotide according to claim 23 and a second labeled nucleotide. 31. The kit of claim 30, wherein the second labeled nucleotide is labeled with a different compound than the first labeled nucleotide. 32. The kit of claim 31, wherein the first and second labeled nucleotides are excitable using a single laser wavelength. 33. The kit of claim 31, further comprising a third nucleotide and a fourth nucleotide, wherein each of the second, third, and fourth nucleotides is labeled with a different compound, wherein each label has a distinct absorbance maximum that is distinguishable from the other labels. 34. The kit of claim 30, wherein the kit comprises four nucleotides, wherein a first of the four nucleotides is a labeled nucleotide according to claim 23, a second of the four nucleotides carries a second label, a third nucleotide carries a third label, and a fourth nucleotide is unlabeled (dark). 35. The kit of claim 30, wherein the kit comprises four nucleotides, wherein a first of the four nucleotides is a labeled nucleotide according to claim 23, a second of the four nucleotides carries a second label, a third nucleotide carries a mixture of two labels, and a fourth nucleotide is unlabeled (dark). 36. (canceled) 37. (canceled) 38. A method of sequencing comprising incorporating a labeled nucleotide according to claim 23 in a sequencing assay. 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. A method of synthesizing a compound of claim 1, comprising reacting a compound of Formula (II) with an optionally substituted cyclic amine of Formula (III): | 2,600 |
346,620 | 16,805,081 | 2,664 | A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) needle may include a cannula including a shaft and a cannula hub coupled to a proximal end of the cannula shaft. A depth guide may be disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft. A stylet may be disposable within the cannula lumen and may include a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet that is configured to be releasably securable to the cannula hub. An adjustable depth stop may be releasably securable to the cannula shaft at a desired position relative to the depth guide, the adjustable depth guide capable of being manipulated between an adjustment configuration in which the adjustable depth guide is moveable relative to the cannula shaft and a secured configuration in which the adjustable depth guide is secured relative to the cannula shaft. | 1. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) needle, comprising:
a cannula including a shaft defining a cannula lumen extending through the shaft and a cannula hub coupled to a proximal end of the cannula; a depth guide disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft, the depth guide configured to provide an indication of insertion depth; a stylet disposable within the cannula lumen, the stylet including a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet, the stylet hub configured to be releasably securable to the cannula hub; and an adjustable depth stop releasably securable to the cannula shaft at a desired position relative to the depth guide, the adjustable depth stop including a first aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft and a second aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft, the adjustable depth stop capable of being manipulated between an adjustment configuration in which the adjustable depth stop is moveable relative to the cannula shaft and a secured configuration in which the adjustable depth stop is secured relative to the cannula shaft. 2. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop is configured such that in the adjustment configuration, the first aperture at least substantially aligns with the second aperture. 3. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop is configured such that the first aperture is biased to a position in which the first aperture is misaligned with the second aperture. 4. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop is configured such that in the secured configuration, the first aperture is misaligned with the second aperture. 5. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop includes a first leaf and a second leaf joined via a living hinge, the first aperture extending through the first leaf and the second aperture extending through the second leaf. 6. The PCNL needle of claim 5, wherein:
the first leaf is biased to a position relative to the second leaf such that the first aperture is at least partially misaligned with the second aperture in order to secure the adjustable depth stop relative to the cannula shaft; and the first leaf and the second leaf are capable of being squeezed together to move the first aperture into alignment with the second aperture such that the adjustable depth stop may be moved relative to the cannula shaft. 7. The PCNL needle of claim 1, further comprising a first alignment marker disposed on the cannula hub and a second alignment marker disposed on the stylet hub, the first alignment marker and the second alignment marker positioned to provide a visual indication that the stylet hub is aligned with the cannula hub. 8. The PCNL needle of claim 1, further comprising a tapered guidewire lumen extending through the cannula hub. 9. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the stylet has a length sufficient to permit the tapered point of the stylet to extend distally from a distal end of the cannula when the stylet hub is secured to the cannula hub. 10. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the stylet hub is configured to threadedly engage with the cannula hub. 11. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop further comprises a radiopaque component. 12. The PCNL needle of claim 11, wherein the radiopaque component comprises a radiopaque material admixed within a polymer forming the adjustable depth stop. 13. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) access assembly, comprising:
an access needle comprising:
a cannula including a hub and a shaft extending from the hub;
a depth guide disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft in order to provide an indication of insertion depth;
a stylet including a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet, the stylet hub configured to be releasably securable to the cannula hub with the stylet extending through the cannula; and
an adjustable slider releasably securable to the cannula shaft at a desired position relative to the depth guide, the adjustable depth slider including a first aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft and a second aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft, the adjustable slider capable of being manipulated between an adjustment configuration in which the first aperture at least substantially aligns with the second aperture and a secured configuration in which the first aperture is misaligned with the second aperture. 14. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the adjustable depth stop includes a first leaf and a second leaf joined via a living hinge, the first aperture extending through the first leaf and the second aperture extending through the second leaf. 15. The PCNL needle of claim 14, wherein:
the first leaf is biased to a position relative to the second leaf such that the first aperture is at least partially misaligned with the second aperture in order to secure the adjustable depth stop relative to the cannula shaft; and the first leaf and the second leaf are capable of being squeezed together to move the first aperture into alignment with the second aperture such that the adjustable depth stop may be moved relative to the cannula shaft. 16. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the first aperture comprises an annular aperture. 17. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the second aperture comprises a composite of a rectilinear aperture and an annular aperture. 18. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the stylet has a length sufficient to permit the tapered point of the stylet to extend distally from a distal end of the cannula when the stylet hub is secured to the cannula hub. 19. The PCNL needle of claim 18, wherein the stylet hub is configured to threadedly engage with the cannula hub. 20. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) needle, comprising:
a cannula including a shaft defining a cannula lumen extending through the shaft and a cannula hub coupled to a proximal end of the cannula; a depth guide disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft, the depth guide configured to provide an indication of insertion depth; a stylet disposable within the cannula lumen, the stylet including a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet, the stylet hub configured to be threadedly engageable with the cannula hub; a first alignment marker disposed on the cannula hub and a second alignment marker disposed on the stylet hub, the first alignment marker and the second alignment marker positioned to provide a visual indication when the stylet hub is aligned with the cannula hub; and an adjustable depth stop that includes a first leaf having a first aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft and a second leaf having a second aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft, the first leaf and the second leaf joined via a living hinge; wherein the first leaf is biased to a position relative to the second leaf such that the first aperture is at least partially misaligned with the second aperture in order to secure the adjustable depth stop relative to the cannula shaft; and wherein the first leaf and the second leaf are capable of being squeezed together to move the first aperture into alignment with the second aperture such that the adjustable depth stop may be moved relative to the cannula shaft. | A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) needle may include a cannula including a shaft and a cannula hub coupled to a proximal end of the cannula shaft. A depth guide may be disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft. A stylet may be disposable within the cannula lumen and may include a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet that is configured to be releasably securable to the cannula hub. An adjustable depth stop may be releasably securable to the cannula shaft at a desired position relative to the depth guide, the adjustable depth guide capable of being manipulated between an adjustment configuration in which the adjustable depth guide is moveable relative to the cannula shaft and a secured configuration in which the adjustable depth guide is secured relative to the cannula shaft.1. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) needle, comprising:
a cannula including a shaft defining a cannula lumen extending through the shaft and a cannula hub coupled to a proximal end of the cannula; a depth guide disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft, the depth guide configured to provide an indication of insertion depth; a stylet disposable within the cannula lumen, the stylet including a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet, the stylet hub configured to be releasably securable to the cannula hub; and an adjustable depth stop releasably securable to the cannula shaft at a desired position relative to the depth guide, the adjustable depth stop including a first aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft and a second aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft, the adjustable depth stop capable of being manipulated between an adjustment configuration in which the adjustable depth stop is moveable relative to the cannula shaft and a secured configuration in which the adjustable depth stop is secured relative to the cannula shaft. 2. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop is configured such that in the adjustment configuration, the first aperture at least substantially aligns with the second aperture. 3. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop is configured such that the first aperture is biased to a position in which the first aperture is misaligned with the second aperture. 4. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop is configured such that in the secured configuration, the first aperture is misaligned with the second aperture. 5. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop includes a first leaf and a second leaf joined via a living hinge, the first aperture extending through the first leaf and the second aperture extending through the second leaf. 6. The PCNL needle of claim 5, wherein:
the first leaf is biased to a position relative to the second leaf such that the first aperture is at least partially misaligned with the second aperture in order to secure the adjustable depth stop relative to the cannula shaft; and the first leaf and the second leaf are capable of being squeezed together to move the first aperture into alignment with the second aperture such that the adjustable depth stop may be moved relative to the cannula shaft. 7. The PCNL needle of claim 1, further comprising a first alignment marker disposed on the cannula hub and a second alignment marker disposed on the stylet hub, the first alignment marker and the second alignment marker positioned to provide a visual indication that the stylet hub is aligned with the cannula hub. 8. The PCNL needle of claim 1, further comprising a tapered guidewire lumen extending through the cannula hub. 9. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the stylet has a length sufficient to permit the tapered point of the stylet to extend distally from a distal end of the cannula when the stylet hub is secured to the cannula hub. 10. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the stylet hub is configured to threadedly engage with the cannula hub. 11. The PCNL needle of claim 1, wherein the adjustable depth stop further comprises a radiopaque component. 12. The PCNL needle of claim 11, wherein the radiopaque component comprises a radiopaque material admixed within a polymer forming the adjustable depth stop. 13. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) access assembly, comprising:
an access needle comprising:
a cannula including a hub and a shaft extending from the hub;
a depth guide disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft in order to provide an indication of insertion depth;
a stylet including a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet, the stylet hub configured to be releasably securable to the cannula hub with the stylet extending through the cannula; and
an adjustable slider releasably securable to the cannula shaft at a desired position relative to the depth guide, the adjustable depth slider including a first aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft and a second aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft, the adjustable slider capable of being manipulated between an adjustment configuration in which the first aperture at least substantially aligns with the second aperture and a secured configuration in which the first aperture is misaligned with the second aperture. 14. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the adjustable depth stop includes a first leaf and a second leaf joined via a living hinge, the first aperture extending through the first leaf and the second aperture extending through the second leaf. 15. The PCNL needle of claim 14, wherein:
the first leaf is biased to a position relative to the second leaf such that the first aperture is at least partially misaligned with the second aperture in order to secure the adjustable depth stop relative to the cannula shaft; and the first leaf and the second leaf are capable of being squeezed together to move the first aperture into alignment with the second aperture such that the adjustable depth stop may be moved relative to the cannula shaft. 16. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the first aperture comprises an annular aperture. 17. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the second aperture comprises a composite of a rectilinear aperture and an annular aperture. 18. The PCNL needle of claim 13, wherein the stylet has a length sufficient to permit the tapered point of the stylet to extend distally from a distal end of the cannula when the stylet hub is secured to the cannula hub. 19. The PCNL needle of claim 18, wherein the stylet hub is configured to threadedly engage with the cannula hub. 20. A percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) needle, comprising:
a cannula including a shaft defining a cannula lumen extending through the shaft and a cannula hub coupled to a proximal end of the cannula; a depth guide disposed on an outer surface of the cannula shaft, the depth guide configured to provide an indication of insertion depth; a stylet disposable within the cannula lumen, the stylet including a tapered point at a distal end of the stylet and a stylet hub coupled to a proximal end of the stylet, the stylet hub configured to be threadedly engageable with the cannula hub; a first alignment marker disposed on the cannula hub and a second alignment marker disposed on the stylet hub, the first alignment marker and the second alignment marker positioned to provide a visual indication when the stylet hub is aligned with the cannula hub; and an adjustable depth stop that includes a first leaf having a first aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft and a second leaf having a second aperture sized to accommodate the cannula shaft, the first leaf and the second leaf joined via a living hinge; wherein the first leaf is biased to a position relative to the second leaf such that the first aperture is at least partially misaligned with the second aperture in order to secure the adjustable depth stop relative to the cannula shaft; and wherein the first leaf and the second leaf are capable of being squeezed together to move the first aperture into alignment with the second aperture such that the adjustable depth stop may be moved relative to the cannula shaft. | 2,600 |
346,621 | 16,805,072 | 2,664 | Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing in many organisms by a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). Using a Drosophila in vitro system, we demonstrate that 19-23 nt short RNA fragments are the sequence-specific mediators of RNAi. The short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are generated by an RNase III-like processing reaction from long dsRNA. Chemically synthesized siRNA duplexes with overhanging 3′ ends mediate efficient target RNA cleavage in the lysate, and the cleavage site is located near the center of the region spanned by the guiding siRNA. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the direction of dsRNA processing determines whether sense or antisense target RNA can be cleaved by the produced siRNP complex. | 1. Isolated double-stranded RNA molecule, wherein each RNA strand has a length from 19-25 nucleotides, wherein said RNA molecule is capable of target-specific nucleic acid modifications. 2. The RNA molecule of claim 1 wherein at least one strand has a 3′-overhang from 1-5 nucleotides. 3. The RNA molecule of claim 1 capable of target-specific RNA interference and/or DNA methylation. 4. The RNA molecule of claim 1, wherein each strand has a length from 19-23, particularly from 20-22 nucleotides. 5. The RNA molecule of claim 2, wherein the 3′-overhang is from 1-3 nucleotides. 6. The RNA molecule of claim 2, wherein the 3′-overhang is stabilized against degradation. 7. The RNA molecule of claim 1, which contains at least one modified nucleotide analogue. 8. The RNA molecule of claim 7, wherein the modified nucleotide analogue is selected from sugar- or backbone-modified ribonucleotides. 9. The RNA molecule according to claim 7, wherein the nucleotide analogue is a sugar-modified ribonucleotide, wherein the 2′—OH group is replaced by a group selected from H, OR, R, halo, SH, SR′, NH2, NHR, N(R)2 or CN, wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl and halo is F, Cl, Br or I. 10. The RNA molecule of claim 7, wherein the nucleotide analogue is a backbone-modified ribonucleotide containing a phosphothioate group. 11. (canceled) 12. The RNA molecule of claim 11, wherein the identity is at least 70 percent. 13. A method of preparing a double-stranded RNA molecule of claim 1 comprising the steps: (a) synthesizing two RNA strands each having a length from 19-25 nucleotides, wherein said RNA strands are capable of forming a double-stranded RNA molecule, (b) combining the synthesized RNA strands under conditions, wherein a double-stranded RNA molecule is formed, which is capable of target-specific nucleic acid modifications. 14.-15. (canceled) 16. A method of mediating target-specific nucleic acid modifications in a cell or an organism comprising the steps: (a) contacting said cell or organism with the double-stranded RNA molecule of claim 1 under conditions wherein target-specific nucleic acid modifications can occur, and (b) mediating a target-specific nucleic acid modification effected by the double-stranded RNA towards a target nucleic acid having a sequence portion substantially corresponding to the double-stranded RNA. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the nucleic acid modification is RNA interference and/or DNA methylation. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein said contacting comprises introducing said double-stranded RNA molecule into a target cell in which the target-specific nucleic acid modification can occur. 19.-26. (canceled) 27. Pharmaceutical composition containing as an active agent at least one double-stranded RNA molecule of claim 1 and a pharmaceutical carrier. 28.-29. (canceled) 30. A eukaryotic cell or a eukaryotic non-human organism exhibiting a target gene-specific knockout phenotype wherein said cell or organism is transfected with at least one double-stranded RNA molecule capable of inhibiting the expression of an endogenous target gene or with a DNA encoding at least one double-stranded RNA molecule capable of inhibiting the expression of at least one endogenous target gene. 31. The cell or organism of claim 30 which is a mammalian cell. 32. The cell or organism of claim 31 which is a human cell. 33.-47. (canceled) | Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing in many organisms by a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). Using a Drosophila in vitro system, we demonstrate that 19-23 nt short RNA fragments are the sequence-specific mediators of RNAi. The short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are generated by an RNase III-like processing reaction from long dsRNA. Chemically synthesized siRNA duplexes with overhanging 3′ ends mediate efficient target RNA cleavage in the lysate, and the cleavage site is located near the center of the region spanned by the guiding siRNA. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the direction of dsRNA processing determines whether sense or antisense target RNA can be cleaved by the produced siRNP complex.1. Isolated double-stranded RNA molecule, wherein each RNA strand has a length from 19-25 nucleotides, wherein said RNA molecule is capable of target-specific nucleic acid modifications. 2. The RNA molecule of claim 1 wherein at least one strand has a 3′-overhang from 1-5 nucleotides. 3. The RNA molecule of claim 1 capable of target-specific RNA interference and/or DNA methylation. 4. The RNA molecule of claim 1, wherein each strand has a length from 19-23, particularly from 20-22 nucleotides. 5. The RNA molecule of claim 2, wherein the 3′-overhang is from 1-3 nucleotides. 6. The RNA molecule of claim 2, wherein the 3′-overhang is stabilized against degradation. 7. The RNA molecule of claim 1, which contains at least one modified nucleotide analogue. 8. The RNA molecule of claim 7, wherein the modified nucleotide analogue is selected from sugar- or backbone-modified ribonucleotides. 9. The RNA molecule according to claim 7, wherein the nucleotide analogue is a sugar-modified ribonucleotide, wherein the 2′—OH group is replaced by a group selected from H, OR, R, halo, SH, SR′, NH2, NHR, N(R)2 or CN, wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl and halo is F, Cl, Br or I. 10. The RNA molecule of claim 7, wherein the nucleotide analogue is a backbone-modified ribonucleotide containing a phosphothioate group. 11. (canceled) 12. The RNA molecule of claim 11, wherein the identity is at least 70 percent. 13. A method of preparing a double-stranded RNA molecule of claim 1 comprising the steps: (a) synthesizing two RNA strands each having a length from 19-25 nucleotides, wherein said RNA strands are capable of forming a double-stranded RNA molecule, (b) combining the synthesized RNA strands under conditions, wherein a double-stranded RNA molecule is formed, which is capable of target-specific nucleic acid modifications. 14.-15. (canceled) 16. A method of mediating target-specific nucleic acid modifications in a cell or an organism comprising the steps: (a) contacting said cell or organism with the double-stranded RNA molecule of claim 1 under conditions wherein target-specific nucleic acid modifications can occur, and (b) mediating a target-specific nucleic acid modification effected by the double-stranded RNA towards a target nucleic acid having a sequence portion substantially corresponding to the double-stranded RNA. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the nucleic acid modification is RNA interference and/or DNA methylation. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein said contacting comprises introducing said double-stranded RNA molecule into a target cell in which the target-specific nucleic acid modification can occur. 19.-26. (canceled) 27. Pharmaceutical composition containing as an active agent at least one double-stranded RNA molecule of claim 1 and a pharmaceutical carrier. 28.-29. (canceled) 30. A eukaryotic cell or a eukaryotic non-human organism exhibiting a target gene-specific knockout phenotype wherein said cell or organism is transfected with at least one double-stranded RNA molecule capable of inhibiting the expression of an endogenous target gene or with a DNA encoding at least one double-stranded RNA molecule capable of inhibiting the expression of at least one endogenous target gene. 31. The cell or organism of claim 30 which is a mammalian cell. 32. The cell or organism of claim 31 which is a human cell. 33.-47. (canceled) | 2,600 |
346,622 | 16,805,067 | 2,664 | In an example embodiment, an item characteristic is received, the item characteristic pertaining to an item being listed for sale, by a seller, via an ecommerce service. Then, a plurality of past transactions of items having the item characteristic are analyzed. Based on this analysis, a first set of one or more optimal listing configuration parameters are identified in accordance with a first set of listing criteria. Then, the first set of one or more identified optimal listing configuration parameters to the seller in a user interface that permits the seller to change one or more listing configuration parameters based on the presentation. | 1. A system comprising:
hardware processing circuitry; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed, configures the hardware processing circuitry to perform operations comprising:
causing a display of a user interface configured to populate data fields on the user interface with listing data;
receiving a first input;
estimating a time to sell and a sales price in response to the first input and the populated data fields;
causing display of the estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface;
receiving a second input changing at least one of the populated data fields;
immediately re-estimating the time to sell and sales price in response to the second input; and
causing a dynamic update to the display of the user interface to display the re-estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interface is configured to display a first user interface control and a second user interface control, each of the first and second user interface controls configured to populate data fields on the user interface with the first listing data and a second listing data respectively, wherein the first input indicates a selection of the first user interface control. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the listing data is derived from a subject listing of a network marketplace, the operations further comprising:
generating, using a machine classifier, a set of listings having a similarity to the subject listing; ranking the set of listings based on a time to sell of each listings of the set of listings; and generating the listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the set of listings. 4. The system of claim 3, the operations further comprising:
second ranking the set of listings based on a sales price in response to a selection of the second user interface control; setting the second listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the second ranked set of listings; and repopulating the data fields based on the second listing data. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the machine classifier is trained based on a completed set of listings from the network-based marketplace. 6. The system of claim 3, further comprising:
querying a database of completed listings based on input received from a user interface; geniting a second set of listings based on the querying; and providing the second set of listings to the machine classifier, wherein the machine classifier generates the first set of listings in response to being provided the second set of listings. 7. The system of claim 1, the operations further comprising publishing a listing on a network-based marketplace based on the changed populated data field. 8. A method comprising:
causing a display of a user interface configured to populate data fields on the user interface with listing data; receiving a first input; estimating a time to sell and a sales price in response to the first input and the populated data fields; causing display of the estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface; receiving a second input changing at least one of the populated data fields; immediately re-estimating the time to sell and sales price in response to the second input; and causing a dynamic update to the display of the user interface to display the re-estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the user interface is configured to display a first user interface control and a second user interface control, each of the first and second user interface controls configured to populate data fields on the user interface with the first listing data and a second listing data respectively, wherein the first input indicates a selection of the first user interface control. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the listing data is derived from a subject listing of a network marketplace, the method further comprising:
generating, using a machine classifier, a set of listings having a similarity to the subject listing; ranking the set of listings based on a time to sell of each listings of the set of listings; and generating the listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the set of listings. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
second ranking the set of listings based on a sales price in response to a selection of the second user interface control; setting the second listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the second ranked set of listings; and repopulating the data fields based on the second listing data. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the machine classifier is trained based on a completed set of listings from the network-based marketplace. 13. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
querying a database of completed listings based on input received from a user interface; geniting a second set of listings based on the querying; and providing the second set of listings to the machine classifier, wherein the machine classifier generates the first set of listings in response to being provided the second set of listings. 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising publishing a listing on a network-based marketplace based on the changed populated data field. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that when executed configure hardware processing circuitry to perform operations comprising:
causing a display of a user interface configured to populate data fields on the user interface with listing data; receiving a first input; estimating a time to sell and a sales price in response to the first input and the populated data fields; causing display of the estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface; receiving a second input changing at least one of the populated data fields; immediately re-estimating the time to sell and sales price in response to the second input; and causing a dynamic update to the display of the user interface to display the re-estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the user interface is configured to display a first user interface control and a second user interface control, each of the first and second user interface controls configured to populate data fields on the user interface with the first listing data and a second listing data respectively, wherein the first input indicates a selection of the first user interface control. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the listing data is derived from a subject listing of a network marketplace, the operations further comprising:
generating, using a machine classifier, a set of listings having a similarity to the subject listing; ranking the set of listings based on a time to sell of each listings of the set of listings; and generating the listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the set of listings. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 17, the operations further comprising:
second ranking the set of listings based on a sales price in response to a selection of the second user interface control; setting the second listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the second ranked set of listings; and repopulating the data fields based on the second listing data. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 17, the operations further comprising:
querying a database of completed listings based on input received from a user interface; geniting a second set of listings based on the querying; and providing the second set of listings to the machine classifier, wherein the machine classifier generates the first set of listings in response to being provided the second set of listings. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, the operations further comprising publishing a listing on a network-based marketplace based on the changed populated data field. | In an example embodiment, an item characteristic is received, the item characteristic pertaining to an item being listed for sale, by a seller, via an ecommerce service. Then, a plurality of past transactions of items having the item characteristic are analyzed. Based on this analysis, a first set of one or more optimal listing configuration parameters are identified in accordance with a first set of listing criteria. Then, the first set of one or more identified optimal listing configuration parameters to the seller in a user interface that permits the seller to change one or more listing configuration parameters based on the presentation.1. A system comprising:
hardware processing circuitry; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed, configures the hardware processing circuitry to perform operations comprising:
causing a display of a user interface configured to populate data fields on the user interface with listing data;
receiving a first input;
estimating a time to sell and a sales price in response to the first input and the populated data fields;
causing display of the estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface;
receiving a second input changing at least one of the populated data fields;
immediately re-estimating the time to sell and sales price in response to the second input; and
causing a dynamic update to the display of the user interface to display the re-estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interface is configured to display a first user interface control and a second user interface control, each of the first and second user interface controls configured to populate data fields on the user interface with the first listing data and a second listing data respectively, wherein the first input indicates a selection of the first user interface control. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the listing data is derived from a subject listing of a network marketplace, the operations further comprising:
generating, using a machine classifier, a set of listings having a similarity to the subject listing; ranking the set of listings based on a time to sell of each listings of the set of listings; and generating the listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the set of listings. 4. The system of claim 3, the operations further comprising:
second ranking the set of listings based on a sales price in response to a selection of the second user interface control; setting the second listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the second ranked set of listings; and repopulating the data fields based on the second listing data. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the machine classifier is trained based on a completed set of listings from the network-based marketplace. 6. The system of claim 3, further comprising:
querying a database of completed listings based on input received from a user interface; geniting a second set of listings based on the querying; and providing the second set of listings to the machine classifier, wherein the machine classifier generates the first set of listings in response to being provided the second set of listings. 7. The system of claim 1, the operations further comprising publishing a listing on a network-based marketplace based on the changed populated data field. 8. A method comprising:
causing a display of a user interface configured to populate data fields on the user interface with listing data; receiving a first input; estimating a time to sell and a sales price in response to the first input and the populated data fields; causing display of the estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface; receiving a second input changing at least one of the populated data fields; immediately re-estimating the time to sell and sales price in response to the second input; and causing a dynamic update to the display of the user interface to display the re-estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the user interface is configured to display a first user interface control and a second user interface control, each of the first and second user interface controls configured to populate data fields on the user interface with the first listing data and a second listing data respectively, wherein the first input indicates a selection of the first user interface control. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the listing data is derived from a subject listing of a network marketplace, the method further comprising:
generating, using a machine classifier, a set of listings having a similarity to the subject listing; ranking the set of listings based on a time to sell of each listings of the set of listings; and generating the listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the set of listings. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
second ranking the set of listings based on a sales price in response to a selection of the second user interface control; setting the second listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the second ranked set of listings; and repopulating the data fields based on the second listing data. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the machine classifier is trained based on a completed set of listings from the network-based marketplace. 13. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
querying a database of completed listings based on input received from a user interface; geniting a second set of listings based on the querying; and providing the second set of listings to the machine classifier, wherein the machine classifier generates the first set of listings in response to being provided the second set of listings. 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising publishing a listing on a network-based marketplace based on the changed populated data field. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that when executed configure hardware processing circuitry to perform operations comprising:
causing a display of a user interface configured to populate data fields on the user interface with listing data; receiving a first input; estimating a time to sell and a sales price in response to the first input and the populated data fields; causing display of the estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface; receiving a second input changing at least one of the populated data fields; immediately re-estimating the time to sell and sales price in response to the second input; and causing a dynamic update to the display of the user interface to display the re-estimated time to sell and sales price on the user interface. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the user interface is configured to display a first user interface control and a second user interface control, each of the first and second user interface controls configured to populate data fields on the user interface with the first listing data and a second listing data respectively, wherein the first input indicates a selection of the first user interface control. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the listing data is derived from a subject listing of a network marketplace, the operations further comprising:
generating, using a machine classifier, a set of listings having a similarity to the subject listing; ranking the set of listings based on a time to sell of each listings of the set of listings; and generating the listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the set of listings. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 17, the operations further comprising:
second ranking the set of listings based on a sales price in response to a selection of the second user interface control; setting the second listing data based on a highest ranked portion of the second ranked set of listings; and repopulating the data fields based on the second listing data. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 17, the operations further comprising:
querying a database of completed listings based on input received from a user interface; geniting a second set of listings based on the querying; and providing the second set of listings to the machine classifier, wherein the machine classifier generates the first set of listings in response to being provided the second set of listings. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, the operations further comprising publishing a listing on a network-based marketplace based on the changed populated data field. | 2,600 |
346,623 | 16,805,043 | 2,664 | When image recording is performed using a multi-pass recording mode, and when a dot recording ratio for a thinned-out image to be recorded by a discharge-defective nozzle is equal to or more than a threshold value, the image recording is performed on a medium after a discharge operation. When image recording is performed using the multi-pass recording mode, and when the dot recording ratio is less than the threshold value, the image recording is performed on the medium without the discharge operation. | 1. An image recording apparatus, comprising:
a conveyer configured to convey a medium in a conveyance direction; a recording head including a plurality of nozzles arranged in the conveyance direction; a carriage carrying the recording head and configured to move in a scanning direction intersecting with the conveyance direction; a discharge mechanism configured to discharge an ink in the recording head from the nozzles; a signal output circuit configured to output a signal that varies depending on whether the nozzles include a discharge-defective nozzle of which discharge performance is lower than a predefined discharge performance; and a controller configured to:
determine whether the discharge-defective nozzle is included in the nozzles based on the signal from the signal output circuit;
control the image recording apparatus to perform image recording on the medium by causing the image recording apparatus to perform a recording pass in which the ink is discharged from the nozzles to the medium during movement in the scanning direction of the carriage and a conveyance operation in which the medium is conveyed in the conveyance direction by use of the conveyer; and
control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording by a multi-pass recording mode,
wherein the recording pass includes a plurality of recording passes performed continuously, wherein in the multi-pass recording mode, a thinned-out image is recorded by conveying the medium in the conveyance operation such that a plurality of recording areas on the medium for which an image is to be recorded by the recording passes performed continuously partially overlap with each other, and recording a line image corresponding to one line in the scanning direction in an overlapping area, where the recording areas overlap with each other, in the recording passes performed continuously by use of the nozzles different from each other so that different parts of the line image are thinned out, wherein in a case that the image recording is performed by the multi-pass recording mode, that the discharge-defective nozzle is included in the nozzles, and that a dot recording ratio that is a ratio of the number of dots of the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle to the number of dots of an entirety of the line image is equal to or more than a threshold value, the controller is configured to control the discharge mechanism to perform the discharge operation and then controls the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium, and wherein in a case that the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle is less than the threshold value, the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism. 2. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predefined discharge performance is one of a discharge performance as to whether an ink droplet of a predetermined size can be discharged, a discharge performance as to whether the ink droplet can be discharged at a predetermined speed, and a discharge performance as to whether the ink droplet can be discharged in a predetermined direction. 3. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a conductive portion for detection connected to the signal output circuit,
wherein the signal output circuit is configured to output, in response to an electrical change in the conductive portion for detection caused by the ink discharged from a certain nozzle included in the nozzles, a signal that varies depending on whether the certain nozzle is the discharge-defective nozzle. 4. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal output circuit is configured to output a signal indicating that a nozzle included in the nozzles and from which the ink is not discharged is the discharge-defective nozzle. 5. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in a case that the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle is less than the threshold value, and that the image recording is performed on the medium by the multi-pass recording mode without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism, the controller is configured to control the discharge mechanism to perform the discharge operation after the image recording. 6. The image recording apparatus according to claim 5, wherein in the case that the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle is less than the threshold value, and that the image recording is performed on the medium by the multi-pass recording mode without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism,
the controller is configured to control the discharge mechanism to perform the discharge operation in a case that a recording instruction is not input after the image recording is completed until a predefined time elapses, and the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform image recording on the medium, based on a recording instruction instructing the image recording apparatus to perform image recording by the multi-pass recording mode, without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism, in a case that the recording instruction is input after the image recording is completed until the predefined time elapses. 7. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles are arranged in the conveyance direction to have a predefined length,
the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording by selectively using the multi-pass recording mode and a single pass recording mode in which the medium is conveyed in the conveyance direction by the predefined length and the line image is recorded by the recording pass performed once, and in a case that the image recording is performed by the single pass recording mode and that the discharge-defective nozzle is included in the nozzles, the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium after the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism. 8. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge-defective nozzle includes a plurality of discharge-defective nozzles,
in the case that the image recording is performed by the multi-pass recording mode, and in a case that the number of the discharge-defective nozzles is equal to or more than a predefined number of nozzles, the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium after the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism, irrespectively of the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzles. 9. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles include a plurality of first nozzles from which a first ink is discharged and a plurality of second nozzles from which a second ink having a paler or lighter color than the first ink is discharged,
the controller is configured to set the threshold value to a first threshold value in a case that the discharge-defective nozzle is the first nozzle, and the controller is configured to set the threshold value to a second threshold value larger than the first threshold value in a case that the discharge-defective nozzle is the second nozzle. 10. The image recording apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second ink is a yellow ink, and
the first ink is an ink having any other color than the yellow ink. 11. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge mechanism includes a cap configured to cover the nozzles and a suction pump connected to the cap. 12. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge mechanism includes a pressurization pump configured to pressurize the ink in the recording head. 13. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording head includes a plurality of pressure chambers communicating with the nozzles and a plurality of driving elements configured to apply pressure to the ink in the pressure chambers, and
the discharge mechanism includes the driving elements. | When image recording is performed using a multi-pass recording mode, and when a dot recording ratio for a thinned-out image to be recorded by a discharge-defective nozzle is equal to or more than a threshold value, the image recording is performed on a medium after a discharge operation. When image recording is performed using the multi-pass recording mode, and when the dot recording ratio is less than the threshold value, the image recording is performed on the medium without the discharge operation.1. An image recording apparatus, comprising:
a conveyer configured to convey a medium in a conveyance direction; a recording head including a plurality of nozzles arranged in the conveyance direction; a carriage carrying the recording head and configured to move in a scanning direction intersecting with the conveyance direction; a discharge mechanism configured to discharge an ink in the recording head from the nozzles; a signal output circuit configured to output a signal that varies depending on whether the nozzles include a discharge-defective nozzle of which discharge performance is lower than a predefined discharge performance; and a controller configured to:
determine whether the discharge-defective nozzle is included in the nozzles based on the signal from the signal output circuit;
control the image recording apparatus to perform image recording on the medium by causing the image recording apparatus to perform a recording pass in which the ink is discharged from the nozzles to the medium during movement in the scanning direction of the carriage and a conveyance operation in which the medium is conveyed in the conveyance direction by use of the conveyer; and
control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording by a multi-pass recording mode,
wherein the recording pass includes a plurality of recording passes performed continuously, wherein in the multi-pass recording mode, a thinned-out image is recorded by conveying the medium in the conveyance operation such that a plurality of recording areas on the medium for which an image is to be recorded by the recording passes performed continuously partially overlap with each other, and recording a line image corresponding to one line in the scanning direction in an overlapping area, where the recording areas overlap with each other, in the recording passes performed continuously by use of the nozzles different from each other so that different parts of the line image are thinned out, wherein in a case that the image recording is performed by the multi-pass recording mode, that the discharge-defective nozzle is included in the nozzles, and that a dot recording ratio that is a ratio of the number of dots of the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle to the number of dots of an entirety of the line image is equal to or more than a threshold value, the controller is configured to control the discharge mechanism to perform the discharge operation and then controls the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium, and wherein in a case that the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle is less than the threshold value, the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism. 2. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predefined discharge performance is one of a discharge performance as to whether an ink droplet of a predetermined size can be discharged, a discharge performance as to whether the ink droplet can be discharged at a predetermined speed, and a discharge performance as to whether the ink droplet can be discharged in a predetermined direction. 3. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a conductive portion for detection connected to the signal output circuit,
wherein the signal output circuit is configured to output, in response to an electrical change in the conductive portion for detection caused by the ink discharged from a certain nozzle included in the nozzles, a signal that varies depending on whether the certain nozzle is the discharge-defective nozzle. 4. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal output circuit is configured to output a signal indicating that a nozzle included in the nozzles and from which the ink is not discharged is the discharge-defective nozzle. 5. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in a case that the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle is less than the threshold value, and that the image recording is performed on the medium by the multi-pass recording mode without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism, the controller is configured to control the discharge mechanism to perform the discharge operation after the image recording. 6. The image recording apparatus according to claim 5, wherein in the case that the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzle is less than the threshold value, and that the image recording is performed on the medium by the multi-pass recording mode without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism,
the controller is configured to control the discharge mechanism to perform the discharge operation in a case that a recording instruction is not input after the image recording is completed until a predefined time elapses, and the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform image recording on the medium, based on a recording instruction instructing the image recording apparatus to perform image recording by the multi-pass recording mode, without the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism, in a case that the recording instruction is input after the image recording is completed until the predefined time elapses. 7. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles are arranged in the conveyance direction to have a predefined length,
the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording by selectively using the multi-pass recording mode and a single pass recording mode in which the medium is conveyed in the conveyance direction by the predefined length and the line image is recorded by the recording pass performed once, and in a case that the image recording is performed by the single pass recording mode and that the discharge-defective nozzle is included in the nozzles, the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium after the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism. 8. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge-defective nozzle includes a plurality of discharge-defective nozzles,
in the case that the image recording is performed by the multi-pass recording mode, and in a case that the number of the discharge-defective nozzles is equal to or more than a predefined number of nozzles, the controller is configured to control the image recording apparatus to perform the image recording on the medium after the discharge operation by the discharge mechanism, irrespectively of the dot recording ratio for the thinned-out image to be recorded by the discharge-defective nozzles. 9. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles include a plurality of first nozzles from which a first ink is discharged and a plurality of second nozzles from which a second ink having a paler or lighter color than the first ink is discharged,
the controller is configured to set the threshold value to a first threshold value in a case that the discharge-defective nozzle is the first nozzle, and the controller is configured to set the threshold value to a second threshold value larger than the first threshold value in a case that the discharge-defective nozzle is the second nozzle. 10. The image recording apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second ink is a yellow ink, and
the first ink is an ink having any other color than the yellow ink. 11. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge mechanism includes a cap configured to cover the nozzles and a suction pump connected to the cap. 12. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge mechanism includes a pressurization pump configured to pressurize the ink in the recording head. 13. The image recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording head includes a plurality of pressure chambers communicating with the nozzles and a plurality of driving elements configured to apply pressure to the ink in the pressure chambers, and
the discharge mechanism includes the driving elements. | 2,600 |
346,624 | 16,805,088 | 1,735 | A method for continuously applying hardbanding to an oil and gas tubular or building up a worn oil and gas tubular that includes low heat input welding without compromising the mechanical properties of the tubular. The method includes preparation of the surface of the oil and gas tubular and applying a consumable wire to the surface. The consumable wire may be hardbanding or buildup material with a hardness that is similar to the hardness of the oil and gas tubular. | 1. A method comprising:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
cooling the oil and gas tubular in ambient air after welding. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 260 amperes. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 20 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a surface of the oil and gas tubular is at a temperature of 150° F. or less during the application of the wire. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a hardbanding material. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a buildup material. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the tubular has an internal plastic coating. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the hardness within a heat affected zone of the oil and gas tubular is greater than 20 HRC and less than 45 HRC after application of the wire. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the applied weld material until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter; and recutting the upset connection. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection with an initial external taper, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the weld material applied to the initial external taper until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter and a new external taper is formed parallel to the initial external taper. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
preparing an outer surface of an oil and gas tubular, where the oil and gas tubular is one of: an upset connection, a slick connection, and a tube body; 14. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises buffing the outer surface. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises forming a recess in the outer surface by at least one of: grinding and machining. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
heating an outer surface of the oil and gas tubular to a temperature of 150° F. or less prior to applying the wire. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between −50° F. and 150° F. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 0° F. and 120° F. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 32° F. and 100° F. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between −50° F. and 150° F. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 0° F. and 120° F. 22. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 32° F. and 100° F. 23. An oil and gas tubular constructed by a process comprising the steps of:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. | A method for continuously applying hardbanding to an oil and gas tubular or building up a worn oil and gas tubular that includes low heat input welding without compromising the mechanical properties of the tubular. The method includes preparation of the surface of the oil and gas tubular and applying a consumable wire to the surface. The consumable wire may be hardbanding or buildup material with a hardness that is similar to the hardness of the oil and gas tubular.1. A method comprising:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
cooling the oil and gas tubular in ambient air after welding. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 260 amperes. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 20 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a surface of the oil and gas tubular is at a temperature of 150° F. or less during the application of the wire. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a hardbanding material. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a buildup material. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the tubular has an internal plastic coating. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the hardness within a heat affected zone of the oil and gas tubular is greater than 20 HRC and less than 45 HRC after application of the wire. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the applied weld material until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter; and recutting the upset connection. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection with an initial external taper, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the weld material applied to the initial external taper until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter and a new external taper is formed parallel to the initial external taper. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
preparing an outer surface of an oil and gas tubular, where the oil and gas tubular is one of: an upset connection, a slick connection, and a tube body; 14. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises buffing the outer surface. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises forming a recess in the outer surface by at least one of: grinding and machining. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
heating an outer surface of the oil and gas tubular to a temperature of 150° F. or less prior to applying the wire. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between −50° F. and 150° F. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 0° F. and 120° F. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 32° F. and 100° F. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between −50° F. and 150° F. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 0° F. and 120° F. 22. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 32° F. and 100° F. 23. An oil and gas tubular constructed by a process comprising the steps of:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. | 1,700 |
346,625 | 16,805,064 | 3,711 | A method for continuously applying hardbanding to an oil and gas tubular or building up a worn oil and gas tubular that includes low heat input welding without compromising the mechanical properties of the tubular. The method includes preparation of the surface of the oil and gas tubular and applying a consumable wire to the surface. The consumable wire may be hardbanding or buildup material with a hardness that is similar to the hardness of the oil and gas tubular. | 1. A method comprising:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
cooling the oil and gas tubular in ambient air after welding. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 260 amperes. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 20 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a surface of the oil and gas tubular is at a temperature of 150° F. or less during the application of the wire. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a hardbanding material. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a buildup material. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the tubular has an internal plastic coating. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the hardness within a heat affected zone of the oil and gas tubular is greater than 20 HRC and less than 45 HRC after application of the wire. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the applied weld material until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter; and recutting the upset connection. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection with an initial external taper, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the weld material applied to the initial external taper until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter and a new external taper is formed parallel to the initial external taper. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
preparing an outer surface of an oil and gas tubular, where the oil and gas tubular is one of: an upset connection, a slick connection, and a tube body; 14. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises buffing the outer surface. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises forming a recess in the outer surface by at least one of: grinding and machining. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
heating an outer surface of the oil and gas tubular to a temperature of 150° F. or less prior to applying the wire. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between −50° F. and 150° F. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 0° F. and 120° F. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 32° F. and 100° F. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between −50° F. and 150° F. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 0° F. and 120° F. 22. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 32° F. and 100° F. 23. An oil and gas tubular constructed by a process comprising the steps of:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. | A method for continuously applying hardbanding to an oil and gas tubular or building up a worn oil and gas tubular that includes low heat input welding without compromising the mechanical properties of the tubular. The method includes preparation of the surface of the oil and gas tubular and applying a consumable wire to the surface. The consumable wire may be hardbanding or buildup material with a hardness that is similar to the hardness of the oil and gas tubular.1. A method comprising:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
cooling the oil and gas tubular in ambient air after welding. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 24 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 260 amperes. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the low heat input welding uses a direct current electrode positive voltage of between 12 and 20 volts and an electric current of between 150 and 300 amperes. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a surface of the oil and gas tubular is at a temperature of 150° F. or less during the application of the wire. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a hardbanding material. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wire is a buildup material. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the tubular has an internal plastic coating. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the hardness within a heat affected zone of the oil and gas tubular is greater than 20 HRC and less than 45 HRC after application of the wire. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the applied weld material until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter; and recutting the upset connection. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas tubular is an upset connection with an initial external taper, and further comprising:
grinding excess material from the weld material applied to the initial external taper until the outer diameter of the upset connection conforms to a preselected outer diameter and a new external taper is formed parallel to the initial external taper. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
preparing an outer surface of an oil and gas tubular, where the oil and gas tubular is one of: an upset connection, a slick connection, and a tube body; 14. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises buffing the outer surface. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein preparation of the outer surface of the oil and gas tubular comprises forming a recess in the outer surface by at least one of: grinding and machining. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
heating an outer surface of the oil and gas tubular to a temperature of 150° F. or less prior to applying the wire. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between −50° F. and 150° F. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 0° F. and 120° F. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the temperature of the to-be-welded surface is between 32° F. and 100° F. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between −50° F. and 150° F. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 0° F. and 120° F. 22. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
applying weld material to an oil and gas tubular while the ambient cooling temperature is between 32° F. and 100° F. 23. An oil and gas tubular constructed by a process comprising the steps of:
applying a wire continuously to an oil and gas tubular using low heat input welding to create multiple bands. | 3,700 |
346,626 | 16,805,098 | 3,711 | A memory system includes a packet protection circuit. The packet protection circuit includes a plurality of first CRC calculation circuits, each configured to calculate a CRC of M-byte data, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, a first selector configured to output a CRC calculation result of one of the first CRC calculation circuits, and a second CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of L-byte data, where L<N, where L=N×Z, and Z is an integer greater than 1, and add the CRC of L-byte data to the CRC calculation result output from the first selector to generate a first CRC that is compared with a second CRC to detect an error in a data packet transmitted between the host interface unit and the host device. | 1. A memory system comprising:
a storage device; and a controller configured to control writing of data to the storage device and reading of data from the storage device based on a request from a host device, wherein the controller includes a host interface unit that includes a packet protection circuit, and the packet protection circuit includes a plurality of first CRC calculation circuits, each configured to calculate a CRC of M-byte data, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, a first selector configured to output a CRC calculation result of one of the first CRC calculation circuits, and a second CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of L-byte data, where L<N, where L=N×Z, and Z is an integer greater than 1, and add the CRC of L-byte data to the CRC calculation result output from the first selector to generate a first CRC that is compared with a second CRC to detect an error in a data packet transmitted between the host interface unit and the host device. 2. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the data packet is transmitted from the host device to the host interface and includes the second CRC, and the packet protection circuit compares the first CRC to the second CRC to detect the error in the data packet. 3. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the data packet is transmitted from the host interface to the host device and includes the first CRC, and the host device calculates the second CRC and compares the first CRC to the second CRC to detect the error in the data packet. 4. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein N is 4 and L is 1. 5. The memory system according to claim 4, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a second selector configured to output 1-byte from the data packet as an input to the second CRC calculation circuit. 6. The memory system according to claim 5, wherein the first CRC calculation circuits include a first circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 4-byte data, a second circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data, a third circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 12-byte data, and an eighth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 16-byte data. 7. The memory system according to claim 6, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes:
a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of a first half of the data packet, wherein each of the first CRC calculation circuits calculates a CRC of M-byte data from a second half of the data packet, and adds the CRC of M-byte data to the CRC of the first half of the data packet output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result thereof. 8. The memory system according to claim 6, wherein the first CRC calculation circuits further include a fourth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 16-byte data, a fifth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 20-byte data, a sixth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 24-byte data, a seventh circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 28-byte data, and a ninth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 32-byte data. 9. The memory system according to claim 8, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes:
a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of a first half of the data packet, wherein each of the first CRC calculation circuits calculates a CRC of M-byte data from a second half of the data packet, and adds the CRC of M-byte data to the CRC of the first half of the data packet output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result thereof. 10. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the packet protection circuit further includes a memory circuit configured to store an intermediate CRC result output from the first selector, and each of the first CRC calculation circuits adds the CRC of M-byte data to the intermediate CRC result stored in the memory circuit to generate the CRC calculation result thereof. 11. A memory system comprising:
a storage device; and a controller configured to control writing of data to the storage device and reading of data from the storage device based on a request from a host device, wherein the controller includes a host interface unit that includes a packet protection circuit, and the packet protection circuit includes
a memory circuit configured to store an initial or interim CRC value;
a first CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 4-byte data from the 4-byte data and the CRC value stored in the memory circuit;
a second CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data from the 8-byte data and the CRC value stored in the memory circuit;
a first selector configured to output a CRC calculation result of one of the first and second CRC calculation circuits and the CRC value stored in the memory circuit; and
a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 1-byte data, and add the CRC of 1-byte data to the CRC calculation result or value output from the first selector to generate a first CRC that is compared with a second CRC to detect an error in a data packet transmitted between the host interface unit and the host device. 12. The memory system according to claim 11, wherein
the packet protection circuit further includes a second selector configured to output 1-byte from the data packet as an input to the second CRC calculation circuit, and the 1-byte data from the data packet is a fourth byte from a tail of the data packet, and the 4-byte data includes fifth through eighth bytes from the tail of the data packet. 13. The memory system according to claim 12, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data that includes ninth through sixteenth bytes from the tail of the data packet, wherein
the first CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 4-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the first CRC calculation circuit, and the second CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 8-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the second CRC calculation circuit. 14. The memory system according to claim 13, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a fourth CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data that includes 17th through 24th bytes from the tail of the data packet, wherein
the third CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 8-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the fourth CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the third CRC calculation circuit. 15. The memory system according to claim 14, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a fifth CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data that includes 25th through 32nd bytes from the tail of the data packet, wherein
the fourth CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 8-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the fifth CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the fourth CRC calculation circuit. 16. A method of generating a CRC of a data packet transmitted between a memory system and a host device, said method comprising:
calculating in parallel a first CRC value based on a CRC of 4-byte data, a second CRC value based on a CRC of 8-byte data, and a third CRC value based on a CRC of 12-byte data, wherein the 4-byte data, 8-byte data, and the 12-byte data includes fifth through eighth bytes, fifth through twelfth bytes, and fifth through sixteenth bytes, respectively, from a tail of the data packet; selecting one of the first CRC value, second CRC value, third CRC value, an initial CRC value, and an intermediate CRC value; calculating a fourth CRC value based on a CRC of 1-byte data that is a fourth byte from the tail of the data packet; and combining the fourth CRC with the selected CRC value to generate the CRC of the data packet. 17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:
storing the generated CRC of the data packet in the data packet. 18. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:
storing an interim CRC value; and the first, second, and third CRC values are calculated based on a combination of the interim CRC value and a respective one of the CRC of 4-byte data, the CRC of 8-byte data, and the CRC of 8-byte data. 19. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:
calculating a fourth CRC value based on a CRC of a first half of the data packet, wherein the first, second, and third CRC values are calculated based on a combination of the fourth CRC value and a respective one of the CRC of 4-byte data, the CRC of 8-byte data, and the CRC of 8-byte data. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the data packet has a size of 32 or 64 bytes. | A memory system includes a packet protection circuit. The packet protection circuit includes a plurality of first CRC calculation circuits, each configured to calculate a CRC of M-byte data, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, a first selector configured to output a CRC calculation result of one of the first CRC calculation circuits, and a second CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of L-byte data, where L<N, where L=N×Z, and Z is an integer greater than 1, and add the CRC of L-byte data to the CRC calculation result output from the first selector to generate a first CRC that is compared with a second CRC to detect an error in a data packet transmitted between the host interface unit and the host device.1. A memory system comprising:
a storage device; and a controller configured to control writing of data to the storage device and reading of data from the storage device based on a request from a host device, wherein the controller includes a host interface unit that includes a packet protection circuit, and the packet protection circuit includes a plurality of first CRC calculation circuits, each configured to calculate a CRC of M-byte data, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, a first selector configured to output a CRC calculation result of one of the first CRC calculation circuits, and a second CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of L-byte data, where L<N, where L=N×Z, and Z is an integer greater than 1, and add the CRC of L-byte data to the CRC calculation result output from the first selector to generate a first CRC that is compared with a second CRC to detect an error in a data packet transmitted between the host interface unit and the host device. 2. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the data packet is transmitted from the host device to the host interface and includes the second CRC, and the packet protection circuit compares the first CRC to the second CRC to detect the error in the data packet. 3. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the data packet is transmitted from the host interface to the host device and includes the first CRC, and the host device calculates the second CRC and compares the first CRC to the second CRC to detect the error in the data packet. 4. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein N is 4 and L is 1. 5. The memory system according to claim 4, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a second selector configured to output 1-byte from the data packet as an input to the second CRC calculation circuit. 6. The memory system according to claim 5, wherein the first CRC calculation circuits include a first circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 4-byte data, a second circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data, a third circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 12-byte data, and an eighth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 16-byte data. 7. The memory system according to claim 6, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes:
a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of a first half of the data packet, wherein each of the first CRC calculation circuits calculates a CRC of M-byte data from a second half of the data packet, and adds the CRC of M-byte data to the CRC of the first half of the data packet output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result thereof. 8. The memory system according to claim 6, wherein the first CRC calculation circuits further include a fourth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 16-byte data, a fifth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 20-byte data, a sixth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 24-byte data, a seventh circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 28-byte data, and a ninth circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 32-byte data. 9. The memory system according to claim 8, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes:
a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of a first half of the data packet, wherein each of the first CRC calculation circuits calculates a CRC of M-byte data from a second half of the data packet, and adds the CRC of M-byte data to the CRC of the first half of the data packet output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result thereof. 10. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the packet protection circuit further includes a memory circuit configured to store an intermediate CRC result output from the first selector, and each of the first CRC calculation circuits adds the CRC of M-byte data to the intermediate CRC result stored in the memory circuit to generate the CRC calculation result thereof. 11. A memory system comprising:
a storage device; and a controller configured to control writing of data to the storage device and reading of data from the storage device based on a request from a host device, wherein the controller includes a host interface unit that includes a packet protection circuit, and the packet protection circuit includes
a memory circuit configured to store an initial or interim CRC value;
a first CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 4-byte data from the 4-byte data and the CRC value stored in the memory circuit;
a second CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data from the 8-byte data and the CRC value stored in the memory circuit;
a first selector configured to output a CRC calculation result of one of the first and second CRC calculation circuits and the CRC value stored in the memory circuit; and
a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 1-byte data, and add the CRC of 1-byte data to the CRC calculation result or value output from the first selector to generate a first CRC that is compared with a second CRC to detect an error in a data packet transmitted between the host interface unit and the host device. 12. The memory system according to claim 11, wherein
the packet protection circuit further includes a second selector configured to output 1-byte from the data packet as an input to the second CRC calculation circuit, and the 1-byte data from the data packet is a fourth byte from a tail of the data packet, and the 4-byte data includes fifth through eighth bytes from the tail of the data packet. 13. The memory system according to claim 12, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a third CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data that includes ninth through sixteenth bytes from the tail of the data packet, wherein
the first CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 4-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the first CRC calculation circuit, and the second CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 8-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the third CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the second CRC calculation circuit. 14. The memory system according to claim 13, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a fourth CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data that includes 17th through 24th bytes from the tail of the data packet, wherein
the third CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 8-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the fourth CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the third CRC calculation circuit. 15. The memory system according to claim 14, wherein the packet protection circuit further includes a fifth CRC calculation circuit configured to calculate a CRC of 8-byte data that includes 25th through 32nd bytes from the tail of the data packet, wherein
the fourth CRC calculation circuit adds the CRC of 8-byte data calculated thereby to the CRC calculation result output by the fifth CRC calculation circuit to generate the CRC calculation result of the fourth CRC calculation circuit. 16. A method of generating a CRC of a data packet transmitted between a memory system and a host device, said method comprising:
calculating in parallel a first CRC value based on a CRC of 4-byte data, a second CRC value based on a CRC of 8-byte data, and a third CRC value based on a CRC of 12-byte data, wherein the 4-byte data, 8-byte data, and the 12-byte data includes fifth through eighth bytes, fifth through twelfth bytes, and fifth through sixteenth bytes, respectively, from a tail of the data packet; selecting one of the first CRC value, second CRC value, third CRC value, an initial CRC value, and an intermediate CRC value; calculating a fourth CRC value based on a CRC of 1-byte data that is a fourth byte from the tail of the data packet; and combining the fourth CRC with the selected CRC value to generate the CRC of the data packet. 17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:
storing the generated CRC of the data packet in the data packet. 18. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:
storing an interim CRC value; and the first, second, and third CRC values are calculated based on a combination of the interim CRC value and a respective one of the CRC of 4-byte data, the CRC of 8-byte data, and the CRC of 8-byte data. 19. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:
calculating a fourth CRC value based on a CRC of a first half of the data packet, wherein the first, second, and third CRC values are calculated based on a combination of the fourth CRC value and a respective one of the CRC of 4-byte data, the CRC of 8-byte data, and the CRC of 8-byte data. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the data packet has a size of 32 or 64 bytes. | 3,700 |
346,627 | 16,805,085 | 2,851 | A foldable watch charging adapter has a watch charging housing provided with an induction charge surface. The watch charging housing is coupled to a charge end of a charge arm. A joint rotatably couples a pivot end of the charge arm to a joint end of a connector arm; and an electrical connector is provided at a connector end of the connector arm. An angular interconnection orientation of the electrical connector may be adjusted by rotating the connector arm with respect to the charge arm about the joint. Further, a connection interface adapter may be included to increase the range of connection interfaces that may be utilized. | 1. A foldable watch charging adapter, comprising:
a watch charging housing provided with an induction charge surface; the watch charging housing coupled to a charge end of a charge arm; a joint rotatably coupling a pivot end of the charge arm to a joint end of a connector arm; and an electrical connector provided at a connector end of the connector arm; whereby an angular interconnection orientation of the electrical connector may be adjusted by rotating the connector arm with respect to the charge arm about the joint. 2. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the watch charging housing projects inward from the charge end; and
The electrical connector projects inward from the connector end of the connector arm farther than the watch charging housing. 3. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the connector arm has a bend; the bend aligning an insertion axis of the electrical connector normal to a rotation plane of the joint. 4. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, further including a pivot button on the joint; depression of the pivot button operative to enable rotation of the connector arm with respect to the charge arm about the joint. 5. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the rotation of the connector arm with respect to the charge arm has an angular range of 270 degrees or more. 6. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the electrical connector has a Universal Serial Bus, Type A interface. 7. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, further including a connection interface adapter configured to seat upon the electrical connector along an insertion axis. 8. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 7, further including a retainer arrangement that retains the connection interface adapter upon the electrical connector, the retainer arrangement enabling interconnection and disconnection of the connection interface adapter with the electrical connector. 9. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 8, wherein the retainer arrangement includes retaining arms pivotally attached to the connection interface adapter; slidable ends of the retaining arms are seated within retention slots which are aligned parallel with the insertion axis; whereby the connection interface adapter may be alternatively aligned for interconnection with the electrical connector for interconnection along the insertion axis or pivoted away from the electrical connector. 10. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 8, further including a magnet coupled to the foldable watch charging adapter; whereby the connection interface adapter may be magnetically retained pivoted away from the electrical connector by the magnet. 11. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 10, wherein the magnet is proximate the joint. 12. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 7, wherein the connection interface adapter has a Universal Serial Bus, Type C interface. 13. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the electrical connector is electrically connected to an electromagnetic interference filter which is electrically connected to a wireless charging integrated circuit which is electrically connected to a coil, the coil provided within the watch charging housing proximate the induction charge surface. 14. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the connector arm is rotatable with respect to the charge arm to a storage position wherein the connector arm and the charge arm are parallel to one another and the electrical connector is proximate the watch charging housing. 15. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 14, wherein the connector arm is rotatable to positions 90, 180 and 270 degrees from the storage position. | A foldable watch charging adapter has a watch charging housing provided with an induction charge surface. The watch charging housing is coupled to a charge end of a charge arm. A joint rotatably couples a pivot end of the charge arm to a joint end of a connector arm; and an electrical connector is provided at a connector end of the connector arm. An angular interconnection orientation of the electrical connector may be adjusted by rotating the connector arm with respect to the charge arm about the joint. Further, a connection interface adapter may be included to increase the range of connection interfaces that may be utilized.1. A foldable watch charging adapter, comprising:
a watch charging housing provided with an induction charge surface; the watch charging housing coupled to a charge end of a charge arm; a joint rotatably coupling a pivot end of the charge arm to a joint end of a connector arm; and an electrical connector provided at a connector end of the connector arm; whereby an angular interconnection orientation of the electrical connector may be adjusted by rotating the connector arm with respect to the charge arm about the joint. 2. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the watch charging housing projects inward from the charge end; and
The electrical connector projects inward from the connector end of the connector arm farther than the watch charging housing. 3. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the connector arm has a bend; the bend aligning an insertion axis of the electrical connector normal to a rotation plane of the joint. 4. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, further including a pivot button on the joint; depression of the pivot button operative to enable rotation of the connector arm with respect to the charge arm about the joint. 5. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the rotation of the connector arm with respect to the charge arm has an angular range of 270 degrees or more. 6. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the electrical connector has a Universal Serial Bus, Type A interface. 7. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, further including a connection interface adapter configured to seat upon the electrical connector along an insertion axis. 8. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 7, further including a retainer arrangement that retains the connection interface adapter upon the electrical connector, the retainer arrangement enabling interconnection and disconnection of the connection interface adapter with the electrical connector. 9. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 8, wherein the retainer arrangement includes retaining arms pivotally attached to the connection interface adapter; slidable ends of the retaining arms are seated within retention slots which are aligned parallel with the insertion axis; whereby the connection interface adapter may be alternatively aligned for interconnection with the electrical connector for interconnection along the insertion axis or pivoted away from the electrical connector. 10. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 8, further including a magnet coupled to the foldable watch charging adapter; whereby the connection interface adapter may be magnetically retained pivoted away from the electrical connector by the magnet. 11. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 10, wherein the magnet is proximate the joint. 12. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 7, wherein the connection interface adapter has a Universal Serial Bus, Type C interface. 13. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the electrical connector is electrically connected to an electromagnetic interference filter which is electrically connected to a wireless charging integrated circuit which is electrically connected to a coil, the coil provided within the watch charging housing proximate the induction charge surface. 14. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 1, wherein the connector arm is rotatable with respect to the charge arm to a storage position wherein the connector arm and the charge arm are parallel to one another and the electrical connector is proximate the watch charging housing. 15. The foldable watch charging adapter of claim 14, wherein the connector arm is rotatable to positions 90, 180 and 270 degrees from the storage position. | 2,800 |
346,628 | 16,805,017 | 2,851 | This document describes methods and materials for improving treatment of hypertension. For example, this document describes methods and devices for electroporation of nerves in the renal area to treat hypertension. | 1. A system for providing electroporation, the system comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode configured to be placed in a renal area of a patient; a sensor; and a pulse generator coupled to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the sensor, the pulse generator comprising:
a memory that is capable of storing computer executable instructions; and
a processor that is configured to facilitate execution of the executable instructions stored in memory, wherein the instructions cause the processor to:
generate, via the pulse generator, a stimulation electrical current to cause stimulation between the first electrode and the second electrode;
detect, via the sensor, a physiological response to the stimulation electrical current; and
when the physiological response is detected, generate an electroporation electrical current to cause electroporation between the first electrode and the second electrode. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the physiological response is a change in at least one of heart rate, blood pressure, transcutaneous impedance, and neural traffic in a peripheral nerve. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the renal area comprises at least one of a renal vein, a renal artery, and a renal pelvis. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to change an electrode configuration when no physiological response is detected. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein changing the electrode configuration comprising changing at least one of a location of the first electrode or the second electrode, changing a polarity of the first electrode or the second electrode, and changing a parameter for the stimulation electrical current. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
generate, via the pulse generator, a second stimulation electrical current; and detect, via the sensor, a second physiological response to the second stimulation electrical current. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a third electrode configured to be located outside of the renal area. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
change both the first electrode and the second electrode to an anode or a cathode; change the third electrode to the other of the anode or the cathode; generate, via the pulse generator, a third stimulation electrical current; and detect, via the sensor, a third physiological response to the third stimulation electrical current. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to generate a second electroporation electrical current when the third physiological response is detected. 10. A method of providing electroporation, the method comprising:
placing a first electrode and a second electrode in a renal area of a patient; and generating an electroporation electrical current to cause electroporation between the first electrode and the second electrode. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the renal area comprises at least one of a renal vein, a renal artery, and a renal pelvis. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising generating a stimulation electrical current to cause stimulation between the first electrode and the second electrode. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising detecting a physiological response to the stimulation electrical current. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the physiological response is a change in at least one of heart rate, blood pressure, transcutaneous impedance, and neural traffic in a peripheral nerve. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the physiologic response is assessed by an output of a supervised or unsupervised artificially intelligent network that incorporates multiple physiologic inputs, wherein the artificially intelligent network is at least one of a feature extraction model, a hidden Markov model, a support vector machine, a convolutional neural network or a recurrent neural network. 16. The method of claim 12, further comprising changing an electrode configuration when the physiological response is detected, wherein changing the electrode configuration comprising changing at least one of a location of the first electrode or the second electrode, changing a polarity of the first electrode of the second electrode, and changing a parameter for the stimulation. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
generating a second stimulation electrical current to cause stimulation between the first electrode and the second electrode; and detecting a second physiological response to the second stimulation electrical current. 18. The method of claim 10, further comprising placing a third electrode outside the renal area. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
changing both the first electrode and the second electrode to an anode or a cathode; changing the third electrode to the other of the anode or the cathode; generating a third stimulation electrical current; and detecting a third physiological response to the third stimulation electrical current. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising generating a second electroporation electrical current when the third physiological response is detected. | This document describes methods and materials for improving treatment of hypertension. For example, this document describes methods and devices for electroporation of nerves in the renal area to treat hypertension.1. A system for providing electroporation, the system comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode configured to be placed in a renal area of a patient; a sensor; and a pulse generator coupled to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the sensor, the pulse generator comprising:
a memory that is capable of storing computer executable instructions; and
a processor that is configured to facilitate execution of the executable instructions stored in memory, wherein the instructions cause the processor to:
generate, via the pulse generator, a stimulation electrical current to cause stimulation between the first electrode and the second electrode;
detect, via the sensor, a physiological response to the stimulation electrical current; and
when the physiological response is detected, generate an electroporation electrical current to cause electroporation between the first electrode and the second electrode. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the physiological response is a change in at least one of heart rate, blood pressure, transcutaneous impedance, and neural traffic in a peripheral nerve. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the renal area comprises at least one of a renal vein, a renal artery, and a renal pelvis. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to change an electrode configuration when no physiological response is detected. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein changing the electrode configuration comprising changing at least one of a location of the first electrode or the second electrode, changing a polarity of the first electrode or the second electrode, and changing a parameter for the stimulation electrical current. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
generate, via the pulse generator, a second stimulation electrical current; and detect, via the sensor, a second physiological response to the second stimulation electrical current. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a third electrode configured to be located outside of the renal area. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
change both the first electrode and the second electrode to an anode or a cathode; change the third electrode to the other of the anode or the cathode; generate, via the pulse generator, a third stimulation electrical current; and detect, via the sensor, a third physiological response to the third stimulation electrical current. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to generate a second electroporation electrical current when the third physiological response is detected. 10. A method of providing electroporation, the method comprising:
placing a first electrode and a second electrode in a renal area of a patient; and generating an electroporation electrical current to cause electroporation between the first electrode and the second electrode. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the renal area comprises at least one of a renal vein, a renal artery, and a renal pelvis. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising generating a stimulation electrical current to cause stimulation between the first electrode and the second electrode. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising detecting a physiological response to the stimulation electrical current. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the physiological response is a change in at least one of heart rate, blood pressure, transcutaneous impedance, and neural traffic in a peripheral nerve. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the physiologic response is assessed by an output of a supervised or unsupervised artificially intelligent network that incorporates multiple physiologic inputs, wherein the artificially intelligent network is at least one of a feature extraction model, a hidden Markov model, a support vector machine, a convolutional neural network or a recurrent neural network. 16. The method of claim 12, further comprising changing an electrode configuration when the physiological response is detected, wherein changing the electrode configuration comprising changing at least one of a location of the first electrode or the second electrode, changing a polarity of the first electrode of the second electrode, and changing a parameter for the stimulation. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
generating a second stimulation electrical current to cause stimulation between the first electrode and the second electrode; and detecting a second physiological response to the second stimulation electrical current. 18. The method of claim 10, further comprising placing a third electrode outside the renal area. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
changing both the first electrode and the second electrode to an anode or a cathode; changing the third electrode to the other of the anode or the cathode; generating a third stimulation electrical current; and detecting a third physiological response to the third stimulation electrical current. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising generating a second electroporation electrical current when the third physiological response is detected. | 2,800 |
346,629 | 16,805,108 | 2,851 | The present invention relates to a mower, comprising a cutting mechanism, configured to execute a cutting operation; a machine body, wherein the machine body is connected with a side part protection which is located in the side of the cutting mechanism to establish a protection barrier in the side of the cutting mechanism; and a bottom protection, located below the cutting mechanism to establish a protection barrier below the cutting mechanism, wherein the bottom protection is provided with a grass inlet. According to the above mower, a human body is prevented from making contact with the cutting mechanism from the side direction of the cutting mechanism, the bottom protection can prevent the human body from making contact with the cutting mechanism from the lower side of the cutting mechanism, and the bottom protection is provided with a grass inlet, such that the cutting can be smoothly performed; due to the arrangement of the bottom protection, the side part protection and cutting mechanism can be set to approach to the outer side of the mower as much as possible, thereby realizing the cutting of the edge of a lawn, and meeting the cutting and safety requirements at the same time. | 1-22. (canceled) 23. A protected cutting device for a mower, comprising:
a cutting mechanism, configured to execute a cutting operation and movably connectable to a machine body of the mower; a side part protection and a bottom protection connectable to the machine body of the mower; the side part protection, located on a side of the cutting mechanism, to establish a protection barrier on the side of the cutting mechanism; and the bottom protection, located below the cutting mechanism, to establish a protection barrier below the cutting mechanism, wherein the bottom protection is provided with a grass inlet. 24. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein a length of said bottom protection is greater than or equal to a cutting diameter of said cutting mechanism. 25. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein the cutting mechanism is configured to be eccentrically arranged below the machine body, deviated to one side of the machine body. 26. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein a width of said grass inlet in a direction vertical to an advancement direction of said mower is less than 13 mm. 27. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein said grass inlet comprises a plurality of strip-shaped slits. 28. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, further comprising:
one or more rolling shafts, wherein each of the one or more rolling shafts comprises a respective roller. 29. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein the side part protection is arranged such that the side part protection is 35 mm or less from the ground when the protected cutting device is in operation. 30. A side part protection cutting device, comprising:
a cutting head comprising a first blade and a second blade; an eccentric wheel configured to translate the first blade and the second blade in a reciprocation movement; and a shield configured to protect the cutting head, wherein the side part protection cutting device is configured to be connected to a mower. 31. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, further comprising:
one or more rolling shafts, wherein each of the one or more rolling shafts comprises a respective roller. 32. The side part protection cutting device of claim 31, wherein the one or more rolling shafts are arranged on two sides of the shield. 33. The side part protection cutting device of claim 32, wherein the shield is fixed to the one or more rolling shafts. 34. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, wherein the shield is arranged such that the shield is 35 mm or less from the ground when the side part protection cutting device is in operation. 35. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, wherein the side part protection cutting device is configured to be movably mounted to a mower. 36. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, further comprising:
a bottom protection comprising a grass inlet in a direction vertical to the advancement direction of said mower. 37. A side part cutting device for a mower, comprising:
two blades configured for translation reciprocation movement; a support; a shield configured to protect the two blades; one or more rolling shafts supporting the shield, wherein each of the one or more rolling shafts comprises a respective roller; and a transmission shaft configured for rotational movement and supported on the support, wherein a rotational movement of the transmission shaft transmits power to at least one of the two blades, and the power is converted into the translation reciprocation movement. 38. The side part cutting device of claim 37, wherein the cutting device is configured to be movably mounted to said mower. 39. The side part cutting device of claim 37, wherein a first shaft of the one or more rolling shafts is arranged on a first side of the two blades, and a second shaft of the one or more rolling shafts is arranged on a second side of the two blades. 40. The side part cutting device of claim 37, further comprising:
a grass inlet in a direction vertical to an advancement direction of said mower, and wherein the grass inlet is less than 13 mm. 41. The side part cutting device of claim 37, wherein the shield is arranged such that the shield is 35 mm or less from the ground when the side part cutting device is in operation. 42. The side part cutting device of claim 37, further comprising:
a bottom protection comprising a grass inlet in a direction vertical to the advancement direction of said mower. | The present invention relates to a mower, comprising a cutting mechanism, configured to execute a cutting operation; a machine body, wherein the machine body is connected with a side part protection which is located in the side of the cutting mechanism to establish a protection barrier in the side of the cutting mechanism; and a bottom protection, located below the cutting mechanism to establish a protection barrier below the cutting mechanism, wherein the bottom protection is provided with a grass inlet. According to the above mower, a human body is prevented from making contact with the cutting mechanism from the side direction of the cutting mechanism, the bottom protection can prevent the human body from making contact with the cutting mechanism from the lower side of the cutting mechanism, and the bottom protection is provided with a grass inlet, such that the cutting can be smoothly performed; due to the arrangement of the bottom protection, the side part protection and cutting mechanism can be set to approach to the outer side of the mower as much as possible, thereby realizing the cutting of the edge of a lawn, and meeting the cutting and safety requirements at the same time.1-22. (canceled) 23. A protected cutting device for a mower, comprising:
a cutting mechanism, configured to execute a cutting operation and movably connectable to a machine body of the mower; a side part protection and a bottom protection connectable to the machine body of the mower; the side part protection, located on a side of the cutting mechanism, to establish a protection barrier on the side of the cutting mechanism; and the bottom protection, located below the cutting mechanism, to establish a protection barrier below the cutting mechanism, wherein the bottom protection is provided with a grass inlet. 24. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein a length of said bottom protection is greater than or equal to a cutting diameter of said cutting mechanism. 25. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein the cutting mechanism is configured to be eccentrically arranged below the machine body, deviated to one side of the machine body. 26. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein a width of said grass inlet in a direction vertical to an advancement direction of said mower is less than 13 mm. 27. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein said grass inlet comprises a plurality of strip-shaped slits. 28. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, further comprising:
one or more rolling shafts, wherein each of the one or more rolling shafts comprises a respective roller. 29. The protected cutting device for a mower of claim 23, wherein the side part protection is arranged such that the side part protection is 35 mm or less from the ground when the protected cutting device is in operation. 30. A side part protection cutting device, comprising:
a cutting head comprising a first blade and a second blade; an eccentric wheel configured to translate the first blade and the second blade in a reciprocation movement; and a shield configured to protect the cutting head, wherein the side part protection cutting device is configured to be connected to a mower. 31. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, further comprising:
one or more rolling shafts, wherein each of the one or more rolling shafts comprises a respective roller. 32. The side part protection cutting device of claim 31, wherein the one or more rolling shafts are arranged on two sides of the shield. 33. The side part protection cutting device of claim 32, wherein the shield is fixed to the one or more rolling shafts. 34. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, wherein the shield is arranged such that the shield is 35 mm or less from the ground when the side part protection cutting device is in operation. 35. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, wherein the side part protection cutting device is configured to be movably mounted to a mower. 36. The side part protection cutting device of claim 30, further comprising:
a bottom protection comprising a grass inlet in a direction vertical to the advancement direction of said mower. 37. A side part cutting device for a mower, comprising:
two blades configured for translation reciprocation movement; a support; a shield configured to protect the two blades; one or more rolling shafts supporting the shield, wherein each of the one or more rolling shafts comprises a respective roller; and a transmission shaft configured for rotational movement and supported on the support, wherein a rotational movement of the transmission shaft transmits power to at least one of the two blades, and the power is converted into the translation reciprocation movement. 38. The side part cutting device of claim 37, wherein the cutting device is configured to be movably mounted to said mower. 39. The side part cutting device of claim 37, wherein a first shaft of the one or more rolling shafts is arranged on a first side of the two blades, and a second shaft of the one or more rolling shafts is arranged on a second side of the two blades. 40. The side part cutting device of claim 37, further comprising:
a grass inlet in a direction vertical to an advancement direction of said mower, and wherein the grass inlet is less than 13 mm. 41. The side part cutting device of claim 37, wherein the shield is arranged such that the shield is 35 mm or less from the ground when the side part cutting device is in operation. 42. The side part cutting device of claim 37, further comprising:
a bottom protection comprising a grass inlet in a direction vertical to the advancement direction of said mower. | 2,800 |
346,630 | 16,805,096 | 2,851 | A system and method are provided related to replacing components of a fully assembled torque sensor system having been previously calibrated, whereby the new system with its new components, which may be installed in a larger system, can be recalibrated at the location where the component replacement or servicing occurs. Individual components are provided with individual characteristics information, either on or associated with the shipped component, so the end user may retrieve the information and enter it in the software, such as that associated with a control unit, which is used with the fully assembled torque sensor. A database storing information about each manufactured component and their respective characteristics information, and fully assembled systems and their collective characteristics information, may be maintained and accessible by end users. | 1-9. (canceled) 10. A method for assembling a torque sensor system comprising a rotatable shaft or disk component, a magnetic field sensors component, and an electronics component, the method comprising:
at a first location, merging the shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component into a final assembled torque sensor system for use in a second system; storing or retrieving from a storage device characteristics information concerning the final assembled torque sensor system, wherein the characteristics information is one or more of a sensitivity value, an offset hysteresis value, an RSU value, a compassing value, and near field interference value; and shipping or providing the final assembled torque sensor system along with the characteristics information in the storage device to a second location. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
at a second location different from the first location, incorporating the final assembled toque sensor system into the second system; storing or retrieving from the storage device the characteristics information; determining characteristics information of the second system having the final assembled torque sensor system installed; and programming or updating a software associated with an electronic control unit used to control the second system using the characteristics information about the final assembled torque sensor system. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
manufacturing the one or more of the rotatable shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component at the first location or at one or more separate locations; and shipping the manufactured component from each of the one or more separate locations to the first location. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the characteristics information includes characteristics information of or about the one or more shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the characteristics information of or about the one or more shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component is electronically retrievably stored in an electronic storage device attached to the respective component. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the characteristics information of or about the one or more shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component is provided on a surface of the component or on or in a package used to transport the component or the final assembled torque sensor system to the second location. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the shaft or disk component comprises first and second oppositely circumferentially magnetized sensing regions for outputting respective first and second magnetic fields useful in determining an amount of torque applied to the shaft or disk component. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the magnetic field sensors component comprises one or more magnetic field sensors arranged proximate to the shaft or disk component for sensing magnetic fields and outputting a signal indicative of a torque applied to the shaft or disk component. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the electronics component comprises one or more logic circuits for receiving a signal from the magnetic field sensors component indicative of a torque applied to the shaft or disk component and for outputting a second signal. 19. A system comprising:
a plurality of shaft or disk components, magnetic field sensor components, and electronics components for use in assembling a torque sensor system, each component comprising one or more measured characteristic; a plurality of storage and indicia devices, wherein one of the devices is associated with one of the plurality of components for storing or displaying information of or about the measured characteristic of the component, wherein the plurality of storage and indicia devices is adapted to being attached to or attached on or associated with the respective component; and a database comprising records related to each of the plurality of components, wherein the records include at least a copy of the characteristic information. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the plurality of storage devices are RFID chips adapted to being removably attached to the respective component. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein the plurality of indicia devices include one or more of a removably attached barcode or a hangtag, or wherein the plurality of indicia devices include an etching or marking made directly into or onto the respective component. 22. The system of claim 19, wherein the characteristics information comprises one or more of a sensitivity value, an offset value, a temperature compensation value, a compassing value, a nearfield adjustment value, a hysteresis value, and an RSU value. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the characteristics information is useful in determining a gain and an offset value for the assembled torque sensor system, wherein the assembled torque sensor system comprises a shaft or disk component, a magnetic field sensors component, and an electronics component each selected from the plurality of shaft or disk components, magnetic field sensor components, and electronics components. | A system and method are provided related to replacing components of a fully assembled torque sensor system having been previously calibrated, whereby the new system with its new components, which may be installed in a larger system, can be recalibrated at the location where the component replacement or servicing occurs. Individual components are provided with individual characteristics information, either on or associated with the shipped component, so the end user may retrieve the information and enter it in the software, such as that associated with a control unit, which is used with the fully assembled torque sensor. A database storing information about each manufactured component and their respective characteristics information, and fully assembled systems and their collective characteristics information, may be maintained and accessible by end users.1-9. (canceled) 10. A method for assembling a torque sensor system comprising a rotatable shaft or disk component, a magnetic field sensors component, and an electronics component, the method comprising:
at a first location, merging the shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component into a final assembled torque sensor system for use in a second system; storing or retrieving from a storage device characteristics information concerning the final assembled torque sensor system, wherein the characteristics information is one or more of a sensitivity value, an offset hysteresis value, an RSU value, a compassing value, and near field interference value; and shipping or providing the final assembled torque sensor system along with the characteristics information in the storage device to a second location. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
at a second location different from the first location, incorporating the final assembled toque sensor system into the second system; storing or retrieving from the storage device the characteristics information; determining characteristics information of the second system having the final assembled torque sensor system installed; and programming or updating a software associated with an electronic control unit used to control the second system using the characteristics information about the final assembled torque sensor system. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
manufacturing the one or more of the rotatable shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component at the first location or at one or more separate locations; and shipping the manufactured component from each of the one or more separate locations to the first location. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the characteristics information includes characteristics information of or about the one or more shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the characteristics information of or about the one or more shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component is electronically retrievably stored in an electronic storage device attached to the respective component. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the characteristics information of or about the one or more shaft or disk component, the magnetic field sensors component, and the electronics component is provided on a surface of the component or on or in a package used to transport the component or the final assembled torque sensor system to the second location. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the shaft or disk component comprises first and second oppositely circumferentially magnetized sensing regions for outputting respective first and second magnetic fields useful in determining an amount of torque applied to the shaft or disk component. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the magnetic field sensors component comprises one or more magnetic field sensors arranged proximate to the shaft or disk component for sensing magnetic fields and outputting a signal indicative of a torque applied to the shaft or disk component. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the electronics component comprises one or more logic circuits for receiving a signal from the magnetic field sensors component indicative of a torque applied to the shaft or disk component and for outputting a second signal. 19. A system comprising:
a plurality of shaft or disk components, magnetic field sensor components, and electronics components for use in assembling a torque sensor system, each component comprising one or more measured characteristic; a plurality of storage and indicia devices, wherein one of the devices is associated with one of the plurality of components for storing or displaying information of or about the measured characteristic of the component, wherein the plurality of storage and indicia devices is adapted to being attached to or attached on or associated with the respective component; and a database comprising records related to each of the plurality of components, wherein the records include at least a copy of the characteristic information. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the plurality of storage devices are RFID chips adapted to being removably attached to the respective component. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein the plurality of indicia devices include one or more of a removably attached barcode or a hangtag, or wherein the plurality of indicia devices include an etching or marking made directly into or onto the respective component. 22. The system of claim 19, wherein the characteristics information comprises one or more of a sensitivity value, an offset value, a temperature compensation value, a compassing value, a nearfield adjustment value, a hysteresis value, and an RSU value. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the characteristics information is useful in determining a gain and an offset value for the assembled torque sensor system, wherein the assembled torque sensor system comprises a shaft or disk component, a magnetic field sensors component, and an electronics component each selected from the plurality of shaft or disk components, magnetic field sensor components, and electronics components. | 2,800 |
346,631 | 16,805,107 | 2,851 | Methods of entrapping enzymes in chitosan matrices using mild conditions, such as methods that are compatible with the entrapment of acid-sensitive and/or heat sensitive enzymes, are described. The methods can provide biocatalytic materials with high chitosan to enzyme mass ratios where one or more enzymes can remain active and stably entrapped in the chitosan matrix for many months and/or after repeated washings. Also described are materials including a solid chitosan matrix having at least one enzyme stably entrapped therein, including fabrics, textiles and other flexible materials at least partially coated with one or more layer of the solid chitosan matrix having at least one enzyme stably entrapped therein and the use of the materials as biocatalyst systems, for example in biogas upgrading and other applications. | 1. A method of preparing a chitosan matrix material comprising an entrapped enzyme, the method comprising:
providing an aqueous solution comprising dissolved chitosan, said aqueous solution having a pH of between about 2.5 and about 5.5; adding at least one enzyme to the aqueous solution to provide a chitosan/enzyme solution, wherein the chitosan/enzyme solution comprises a mass ratio of chitosan to enzyme (on a dry basis) of greater than about 0.5; and solidifying the chitosan to provide a solid chitosan matrix, wherein the at least one enzyme is stably entrapped within the chitosan matrix. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the aqueous solution comprising dissolved chitosan comprises:
(i) dissolving a protonated chitosan salt in a solution having a pH of between about 2.5 and 5.5; or (ii) dissolving a solid chitosan in an aqueous solution comprising an organic acid and having a pH of between about 2.0 and about 4.5; and
(ii-a) adjusting the pH of the solution to between about 2.5 and about 5.5; or
(ii-b) drying the solution comprising the organic acid to provide a dry protonated chitosan and redissolving the dry protonated chitosan in a solution having a pH of between about 2.5 and about 5.5. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein solidifying the chitosan comprises applying the chitosan/enzyme solution onto a solid support or substrate, wherein the applying comprises pouring, spreading, dipping, painting, rolling, padding, pressing, squeezing, extruding, spraying or printing; and drying the chitosan/enzyme solution to form a film or coating comprising a solid chitosan matrix. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein solidifying the chitosan comprises applying the chitosan/enzyme solution to at least one portion of a surface of a textile substrate, and drying the chitosan/enzyme solution to form a film or coating comprising a solid chitosan matrix on the at least one portion of the surface of the substrate. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein solidifying the chitosan comprises contacting the chitosan/enzyme solution with a coagulation solution thereby forming a solid chitosan matrix, wherein the at least one enzyme is stably entrapped within the solid chitosan matrix. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method is free of: (i) the use of a covalent cross-linking agent reacted with the chitosan prior to, during, or both prior to and during the formation of the solid chitosan/enzyme matrix; and (ii) the addition of an additional polyanion to the chitosan/enzyme mixture, optionally wherein the method is further free of the use of collagen and/or wherein the at least one enzyme is an acid-sensitive and/or a heat sensitive enzyme. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one enzyme remains active and stably entrapped within the chitosan matrix after repeated washings with water or a solution comprising water. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one enzyme is selected from the group consisting of an oxidoreductase, a transferase, a hydrolase, a lyase, an isomerase, and a ligase. 9. A coated flexible substrate comprising:
(a) a flexible substrate selected from the group consisting of a paper, a fiber, a yarn, a ribbon, a fabric and a textile of a natural or synthetic polymer; and (b) a coating layer, wherein the coating layer comprises a solid chitosan matrix material, wherein the solid chitosan matrix material comprises an active enzyme, wherein the active enzyme is stably entrapped within the chitosan matrix material. 10. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the matrix material comprises a mass ratio of chitosan to enzyme (on a dry basis) of greater than about 0.5. 11. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the coating layer further comprises solid, optionally inert, particles. 12. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the flexible substrate comprises one of the group consisting of cotton, rayon, lyocell, jute, linen, hemp, ramie, wool, silk, soy, collagen, fibroin, a product derived from protein, polyester, nylon, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, silicone, acrylic, modacrylic, cellulose, man-made cellulosics, cellulose acetate, microbial cellulose, chitosan, chitosan acetate, chitin, wood, a product derived from wood, and combinations thereof. 13. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the active enzyme is selected from the group consisting of an oxidoreductase, a transferase, a hydrolase, a lyases, an isomerase, and a ligase. 14. A method of catalyzing a reaction, wherein the method comprises placing a biocatalyst system into contact with a solution or gas comprising an enzyme substrate, wherein said biocatalyst system comprises a flexible, wettable substrate, wherein said flexible wettable substrate is coated with one or more layer of a solid chitosan matrix material, wherein the solid chitosan matrix material further comprises an active enzyme entrapped therein. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the solution comprising the enzyme substrate or a solution comprising enzyme-catalyzed reaction products is transferred from one portion of the biocatalyst system to another via transport in or through the flexible wettable substrate of the biocatalyst system. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein placing the biocatalyst system into contact with the solution or gas comprising an enzyme substrate comprises:
(a) contacting the flexible wettable substrate of the catalyst system with the solution or gas comprising an enzyme substrate in a first process zone to absorb the enzyme substrate into the flexible wettable substrate and catalyze a reaction to convert the enzyme substrate into a product; (b) transferring the flexible wettable substrate to a second process zone; and (c) releasing a solution or gas comprising the product from the flexible wettable substrate; 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the biocatalyst system provides enhanced containment of the solution in the flexible wettable substrate compared to the same flexible wettable substrate in the absence of the one or more layer of solid chitosan matrix material. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the flexible, wettable substrate comprises one of the group consisting of cotton, linen, rayon, lyocell, silk, wool, polyamide, polyester and combinations thereof. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein the active enzyme is a carbonic anhydrase, wherein the biocatalyst system is free of a covalent cross-linkage based on glutaraldehyde or another aldehyde, and wherein the method comprises placing the biocatalyst system in contact with a solution or gas comprising carbon dioxide. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the biocatalyst system is a component of a gas scrubber, a component of a biogas upgrading apparatus, a rebreathing apparatus, or an air conditioning apparatus. | Methods of entrapping enzymes in chitosan matrices using mild conditions, such as methods that are compatible with the entrapment of acid-sensitive and/or heat sensitive enzymes, are described. The methods can provide biocatalytic materials with high chitosan to enzyme mass ratios where one or more enzymes can remain active and stably entrapped in the chitosan matrix for many months and/or after repeated washings. Also described are materials including a solid chitosan matrix having at least one enzyme stably entrapped therein, including fabrics, textiles and other flexible materials at least partially coated with one or more layer of the solid chitosan matrix having at least one enzyme stably entrapped therein and the use of the materials as biocatalyst systems, for example in biogas upgrading and other applications.1. A method of preparing a chitosan matrix material comprising an entrapped enzyme, the method comprising:
providing an aqueous solution comprising dissolved chitosan, said aqueous solution having a pH of between about 2.5 and about 5.5; adding at least one enzyme to the aqueous solution to provide a chitosan/enzyme solution, wherein the chitosan/enzyme solution comprises a mass ratio of chitosan to enzyme (on a dry basis) of greater than about 0.5; and solidifying the chitosan to provide a solid chitosan matrix, wherein the at least one enzyme is stably entrapped within the chitosan matrix. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the aqueous solution comprising dissolved chitosan comprises:
(i) dissolving a protonated chitosan salt in a solution having a pH of between about 2.5 and 5.5; or (ii) dissolving a solid chitosan in an aqueous solution comprising an organic acid and having a pH of between about 2.0 and about 4.5; and
(ii-a) adjusting the pH of the solution to between about 2.5 and about 5.5; or
(ii-b) drying the solution comprising the organic acid to provide a dry protonated chitosan and redissolving the dry protonated chitosan in a solution having a pH of between about 2.5 and about 5.5. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein solidifying the chitosan comprises applying the chitosan/enzyme solution onto a solid support or substrate, wherein the applying comprises pouring, spreading, dipping, painting, rolling, padding, pressing, squeezing, extruding, spraying or printing; and drying the chitosan/enzyme solution to form a film or coating comprising a solid chitosan matrix. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein solidifying the chitosan comprises applying the chitosan/enzyme solution to at least one portion of a surface of a textile substrate, and drying the chitosan/enzyme solution to form a film or coating comprising a solid chitosan matrix on the at least one portion of the surface of the substrate. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein solidifying the chitosan comprises contacting the chitosan/enzyme solution with a coagulation solution thereby forming a solid chitosan matrix, wherein the at least one enzyme is stably entrapped within the solid chitosan matrix. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method is free of: (i) the use of a covalent cross-linking agent reacted with the chitosan prior to, during, or both prior to and during the formation of the solid chitosan/enzyme matrix; and (ii) the addition of an additional polyanion to the chitosan/enzyme mixture, optionally wherein the method is further free of the use of collagen and/or wherein the at least one enzyme is an acid-sensitive and/or a heat sensitive enzyme. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one enzyme remains active and stably entrapped within the chitosan matrix after repeated washings with water or a solution comprising water. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one enzyme is selected from the group consisting of an oxidoreductase, a transferase, a hydrolase, a lyase, an isomerase, and a ligase. 9. A coated flexible substrate comprising:
(a) a flexible substrate selected from the group consisting of a paper, a fiber, a yarn, a ribbon, a fabric and a textile of a natural or synthetic polymer; and (b) a coating layer, wherein the coating layer comprises a solid chitosan matrix material, wherein the solid chitosan matrix material comprises an active enzyme, wherein the active enzyme is stably entrapped within the chitosan matrix material. 10. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the matrix material comprises a mass ratio of chitosan to enzyme (on a dry basis) of greater than about 0.5. 11. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the coating layer further comprises solid, optionally inert, particles. 12. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the flexible substrate comprises one of the group consisting of cotton, rayon, lyocell, jute, linen, hemp, ramie, wool, silk, soy, collagen, fibroin, a product derived from protein, polyester, nylon, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, silicone, acrylic, modacrylic, cellulose, man-made cellulosics, cellulose acetate, microbial cellulose, chitosan, chitosan acetate, chitin, wood, a product derived from wood, and combinations thereof. 13. The coated flexible substrate of claim 9, wherein the active enzyme is selected from the group consisting of an oxidoreductase, a transferase, a hydrolase, a lyases, an isomerase, and a ligase. 14. A method of catalyzing a reaction, wherein the method comprises placing a biocatalyst system into contact with a solution or gas comprising an enzyme substrate, wherein said biocatalyst system comprises a flexible, wettable substrate, wherein said flexible wettable substrate is coated with one or more layer of a solid chitosan matrix material, wherein the solid chitosan matrix material further comprises an active enzyme entrapped therein. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the solution comprising the enzyme substrate or a solution comprising enzyme-catalyzed reaction products is transferred from one portion of the biocatalyst system to another via transport in or through the flexible wettable substrate of the biocatalyst system. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein placing the biocatalyst system into contact with the solution or gas comprising an enzyme substrate comprises:
(a) contacting the flexible wettable substrate of the catalyst system with the solution or gas comprising an enzyme substrate in a first process zone to absorb the enzyme substrate into the flexible wettable substrate and catalyze a reaction to convert the enzyme substrate into a product; (b) transferring the flexible wettable substrate to a second process zone; and (c) releasing a solution or gas comprising the product from the flexible wettable substrate; 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the biocatalyst system provides enhanced containment of the solution in the flexible wettable substrate compared to the same flexible wettable substrate in the absence of the one or more layer of solid chitosan matrix material. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the flexible, wettable substrate comprises one of the group consisting of cotton, linen, rayon, lyocell, silk, wool, polyamide, polyester and combinations thereof. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein the active enzyme is a carbonic anhydrase, wherein the biocatalyst system is free of a covalent cross-linkage based on glutaraldehyde or another aldehyde, and wherein the method comprises placing the biocatalyst system in contact with a solution or gas comprising carbon dioxide. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the biocatalyst system is a component of a gas scrubber, a component of a biogas upgrading apparatus, a rebreathing apparatus, or an air conditioning apparatus. | 2,800 |
346,632 | 16,805,110 | 2,851 | Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for screening and selectively blocking private calls. A processor executing instructions associated with a private call blocking service can detect a call from a calling device directed to a called device. The processor can determine that the call has a caller identification blocking marker indicating that a fixed label should be provided to the called device to prevent the called device from presenting caller identification data associated with the calling device. In response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker, the processor can obtain a custom private caller identification mask instead of the fixed label. The processor can provide the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call, where the custom private caller identification mask can be presented to a called party associated with the called device without revealing the caller identification data. | 1. A method comprising:
detecting, by a processor of a call handling system server within a communications network, a call being routed across the communications network from a calling device directed to a called device, wherein the calling device is associated with a calling party that directed placement of the call; determining, by the processor of the call handling system server within the communications network, that the call has a caller identification blocking marker, wherein the caller identification blocking marker requests
that a name and a phone number from caller identification data associated with the call should be prevented from being sent to the called device, and
that a fixed label should be provided to the called device instead of allowing the name and the phone number of the caller identification data associated with the call to be provided to the called device, wherein the fixed label does not present an identification of the calling party to the called device and the fixed label is not uniquely created for the called device; and
in response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker and before the call reaches the called device,
blocking, by the processor of the call handling system server, the fixed label and the phone number of the caller identification data from being provided to the called device for the call,
obtaining, by the processor of the call handling system server, a custom private caller identification mask for the call instead of the fixed label that was requested by the caller identification blocking marker, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is configured to allow identification of the calling party and to prevent the called device from establishing a return call to the calling device by blocking the phone number of the calling device from being provided to the called device, and
providing, by the processor of the call handling system server, the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call so as to identify the calling party without revealing the phone number of the calling device from the caller identification data associated with the calling device, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is presented to a called party via the called device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
accessing, by the processor, a private call blocking map; and identifying, by the processor, the custom private caller identification mask within the private call blocking map based on called party identification data associated with the called device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the fixed label is configured to indicate one or more of private, anonymous, unknown, or unavailable. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising replacing, by the processor of the call handling system server, for the call, the fixed label with the custom private caller identification mask. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, by the processor, a customization message that comprises a mask alteration instruction that configures the custom private caller identification mask to present a unique private caller identification on the called device for calls made by the calling device. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, by the processor, that the called device has provided a selective private call block instruction for future calls corresponding to the custom private caller identification mask; and preventing, by the processor, the future calls from being provided to the called device based on the selective private call block instruction. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is unique to the called device. 8. A system comprising:
a processor; and a memory that stores computer-executable instructions that, in response to being executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising
detecting a call being routed across a communications network from a calling device directed to a called device, wherein the calling device is associated with a calling party that directed placement of the call,
determining that the call has a caller identification blocking marker, wherein the caller identification blocking marker requests
that a name and a phone number from caller identification data associated with the call should be prevented from being sent to the called device, and
that a fixed label should be provided to the called device instead of allowing the name and the phone number of the caller identification data associated with the call to be provided to the called device, wherein the fixed label does not present an identification of the calling party to the called device and the fixed label is not uniquely created for the called device, and
in response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker and before the call reaches the called device,
blocking the fixed label and the phone number of the caller identification data from being provided to the called device for the call,
obtaining a custom private caller identification mask for the call instead of the fixed label that was requested by the caller identification blocking marker, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is configured to allow identification of the calling party and to prevent the called device from establishing a return call to the calling device by blocking the phone number of the calling device from being provided to the called device, and
providing the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call so as to identify the calling party without revealing the phone number of the calling device from the caller identification data associated with the calling device, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is presented to a called party via the called device. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
accessing a private call blocking map; and identifying the custom private caller identification mask within the private call blocking map based on called party identification data associated with the called device. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the fixed label is configured to indicate one or more of private, anonymous, unknown, or unavailable. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise replacing, for the call, the fixed label with the custom private caller identification mask. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise receiving a customization message that comprises a mask alteration instruction that configures the custom private caller identification mask to present a unique private caller identification on the called device for calls made by the calling device. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the called device has provided a selective private call block instruction for future calls corresponding to the custom private caller identification mask; and preventing the future calls from being provided to the called device based on the selective private call block instruction. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is unique to the called device. 15. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon that, in response to execution by a processor of a call handling system server, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:
detecting a call being routed across a communications network from a calling device directed to a called device, wherein the calling device is associated with a calling party that directed placement of the call; determining that the call has a caller identification blocking marker, wherein the caller identification blocking marker requests
that a name and a phone number from caller identification data associated with the call should be prevented from being sent to the called device, and
that a fixed label should be provided to the called device instead of allowing the name and the phone number of the caller identification data associated with the call to be provided to the called device, wherein the fixed label does not present an identification of the calling party to the called device and the fixed label is not uniquely created for the called device; and
in response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker and before the call reaches the called device,
blocking the fixed label and the phone number of the caller identification data from being provided to the called device for the call,
obtaining a custom private caller identification mask for the call instead of the fixed label that was requested by the caller identification blocking marker, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is configured to allow identification of the calling party and to prevent the called device from establishing a return call to the calling device by blocking the phone number of the calling device from being provided to the called device, and
providing the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call so as to identify the calling party without revealing the phone number of the calling device from the caller identification data associated with the calling device, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is presented to a called party via the called device. 16. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
accessing a private call blocking map; and identifying the custom private caller identification mask within the private call blocking map based on called party identification data associated with the called device. 17. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the fixed label is configured to indicate one or more of private, anonymous, unknown, or unavailable. 18. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise replacing, for the call, the fixed label with the custom private caller identification mask. 19. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise receiving a customization message that comprises a mask alteration instruction that configures the custom private caller identification mask to present a unique private caller identification on the called device for calls made by the calling device. 20. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the called device has provided a selective private call block instruction for future calls corresponding to the custom private caller identification mask; and preventing the future calls from being provided to the called device based on the selective private call block instruction. | Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for screening and selectively blocking private calls. A processor executing instructions associated with a private call blocking service can detect a call from a calling device directed to a called device. The processor can determine that the call has a caller identification blocking marker indicating that a fixed label should be provided to the called device to prevent the called device from presenting caller identification data associated with the calling device. In response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker, the processor can obtain a custom private caller identification mask instead of the fixed label. The processor can provide the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call, where the custom private caller identification mask can be presented to a called party associated with the called device without revealing the caller identification data.1. A method comprising:
detecting, by a processor of a call handling system server within a communications network, a call being routed across the communications network from a calling device directed to a called device, wherein the calling device is associated with a calling party that directed placement of the call; determining, by the processor of the call handling system server within the communications network, that the call has a caller identification blocking marker, wherein the caller identification blocking marker requests
that a name and a phone number from caller identification data associated with the call should be prevented from being sent to the called device, and
that a fixed label should be provided to the called device instead of allowing the name and the phone number of the caller identification data associated with the call to be provided to the called device, wherein the fixed label does not present an identification of the calling party to the called device and the fixed label is not uniquely created for the called device; and
in response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker and before the call reaches the called device,
blocking, by the processor of the call handling system server, the fixed label and the phone number of the caller identification data from being provided to the called device for the call,
obtaining, by the processor of the call handling system server, a custom private caller identification mask for the call instead of the fixed label that was requested by the caller identification blocking marker, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is configured to allow identification of the calling party and to prevent the called device from establishing a return call to the calling device by blocking the phone number of the calling device from being provided to the called device, and
providing, by the processor of the call handling system server, the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call so as to identify the calling party without revealing the phone number of the calling device from the caller identification data associated with the calling device, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is presented to a called party via the called device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
accessing, by the processor, a private call blocking map; and identifying, by the processor, the custom private caller identification mask within the private call blocking map based on called party identification data associated with the called device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the fixed label is configured to indicate one or more of private, anonymous, unknown, or unavailable. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising replacing, by the processor of the call handling system server, for the call, the fixed label with the custom private caller identification mask. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, by the processor, a customization message that comprises a mask alteration instruction that configures the custom private caller identification mask to present a unique private caller identification on the called device for calls made by the calling device. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, by the processor, that the called device has provided a selective private call block instruction for future calls corresponding to the custom private caller identification mask; and preventing, by the processor, the future calls from being provided to the called device based on the selective private call block instruction. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is unique to the called device. 8. A system comprising:
a processor; and a memory that stores computer-executable instructions that, in response to being executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising
detecting a call being routed across a communications network from a calling device directed to a called device, wherein the calling device is associated with a calling party that directed placement of the call,
determining that the call has a caller identification blocking marker, wherein the caller identification blocking marker requests
that a name and a phone number from caller identification data associated with the call should be prevented from being sent to the called device, and
that a fixed label should be provided to the called device instead of allowing the name and the phone number of the caller identification data associated with the call to be provided to the called device, wherein the fixed label does not present an identification of the calling party to the called device and the fixed label is not uniquely created for the called device, and
in response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker and before the call reaches the called device,
blocking the fixed label and the phone number of the caller identification data from being provided to the called device for the call,
obtaining a custom private caller identification mask for the call instead of the fixed label that was requested by the caller identification blocking marker, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is configured to allow identification of the calling party and to prevent the called device from establishing a return call to the calling device by blocking the phone number of the calling device from being provided to the called device, and
providing the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call so as to identify the calling party without revealing the phone number of the calling device from the caller identification data associated with the calling device, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is presented to a called party via the called device. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
accessing a private call blocking map; and identifying the custom private caller identification mask within the private call blocking map based on called party identification data associated with the called device. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the fixed label is configured to indicate one or more of private, anonymous, unknown, or unavailable. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise replacing, for the call, the fixed label with the custom private caller identification mask. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise receiving a customization message that comprises a mask alteration instruction that configures the custom private caller identification mask to present a unique private caller identification on the called device for calls made by the calling device. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the called device has provided a selective private call block instruction for future calls corresponding to the custom private caller identification mask; and preventing the future calls from being provided to the called device based on the selective private call block instruction. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is unique to the called device. 15. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon that, in response to execution by a processor of a call handling system server, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:
detecting a call being routed across a communications network from a calling device directed to a called device, wherein the calling device is associated with a calling party that directed placement of the call; determining that the call has a caller identification blocking marker, wherein the caller identification blocking marker requests
that a name and a phone number from caller identification data associated with the call should be prevented from being sent to the called device, and
that a fixed label should be provided to the called device instead of allowing the name and the phone number of the caller identification data associated with the call to be provided to the called device, wherein the fixed label does not present an identification of the calling party to the called device and the fixed label is not uniquely created for the called device; and
in response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker and before the call reaches the called device,
blocking the fixed label and the phone number of the caller identification data from being provided to the called device for the call,
obtaining a custom private caller identification mask for the call instead of the fixed label that was requested by the caller identification blocking marker, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is configured to allow identification of the calling party and to prevent the called device from establishing a return call to the calling device by blocking the phone number of the calling device from being provided to the called device, and
providing the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call so as to identify the calling party without revealing the phone number of the calling device from the caller identification data associated with the calling device, wherein the custom private caller identification mask is presented to a called party via the called device. 16. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
accessing a private call blocking map; and identifying the custom private caller identification mask within the private call blocking map based on called party identification data associated with the called device. 17. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the fixed label is configured to indicate one or more of private, anonymous, unknown, or unavailable. 18. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise replacing, for the call, the fixed label with the custom private caller identification mask. 19. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise receiving a customization message that comprises a mask alteration instruction that configures the custom private caller identification mask to present a unique private caller identification on the called device for calls made by the calling device. 20. The computer storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the called device has provided a selective private call block instruction for future calls corresponding to the custom private caller identification mask; and preventing the future calls from being provided to the called device based on the selective private call block instruction. | 2,800 |
346,633 | 16,805,103 | 1,713 | A method for forming an etching mask includes forming a mask layer containing an organic material on a layer to be patterned using the etching mask in a subsequent etching process, processing the mask layer to form a pattern including an opening, forming a filling layer in the opening, impregnating the mask layer with a metal material, and removing the filling layer. The organic material in the mask layer includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and the filling layer has fewer the reaction sites per the unit volume than the mask layer. | 1. A method for forming an etching mask, the method comprising:
forming a mask layer containing an organic material on a layer to be patterned by a subsequent etching; processing the mask layer to form a pattern including an opening; forming a filling layer in the opening; and impregnating the mask layer with a metal material; and removing the filling layer, wherein the organic material includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and the filling layer has fewer reaction sites per unit volume than the mask layer. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic material comprises a polymer with a carbonyl group. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the filling layer comprises at least one of silicon oxide and polysilazane. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
exposing the mask layer to a plasma including oxygen before forming the filling layer. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
annealing the mask layer after impregnating the mask layer with the metal material. 6. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
forming an etching mask on a substrate, the etching mask being formed according to the method of claim 1; and etching the substrate using the etching mask. 7. A method for forming an etching mask, the method comprising:
forming a first mask layer containing a first organic material on a layer to be patterned by a subsequent etching; forming an intermediate film on the first mask layer; forming a second mask layer containing a second organic material on the intermediate film; processing the second mask layer to form a pattern including an opening; forming a filling layer in the opening; impregnating the second mask layer with a metal material; removing the filling layer; etching the intermediate film and the first mask layer by using the second mask layer; and removing the intermediate film and the second mask layer, wherein the second organic material in the second mask layer includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and the reaction sites per unit volume of the filling layer is less the reaction sites per the unit volume of the second mask layer. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second organic material comprises a polymer with a carbonyl group. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second organic material is a photoresist. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the filling layer comprises at least one of silicon oxide and polysilazane. 11. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
exposing the second mask layer to a plasma including oxygen before forming the filling layer. 12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
annealing the second mask layer after impregnating the second mask layer with the metal material. 13. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
forming an etching mask on a substrate, the etching mask being formed according to the method of claim 7; and etching the substrate using the etching mask. 14. A method for forming an etching mask, the method comprising:
forming a mask layer by alternately stacking a first organic layer and a second organic layer on a layer to be patterned in a subsequent etching; processing the mask layer to form a pattern including an opening; and impregnating the mask layer with a metal material, wherein the second organic layer includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and a number of the reaction sites per unit volume in the first organic layer is less than a number of the reaction sites per the unit volume in the second organic layer. 15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:
forming a filling layer in the opening before impregnating the mask layer with the metal material; and removing the filling layer after impregnating the mask layer with the metal material, wherein a number of the reaction sites per unit volume in the filling layer is less than the number of the reaction sites per the unit volume in the first organic layer. 16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising:
exposing the mask layer to a plasma including oxygen before forming the filling layer. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the filling layer contains at least one of silicon oxide and polysilazane. 18. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:
annealing the mask layer after impregnating the mask layer with the metal material. 19. The method according to claim 14, wherein each of the first organic layer and the second organic layer is a thin film. 20. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
forming an etching mask on a substrate, the etching mask being formed according to the method of claim 14; and etching substrate using the etching mask. | A method for forming an etching mask includes forming a mask layer containing an organic material on a layer to be patterned using the etching mask in a subsequent etching process, processing the mask layer to form a pattern including an opening, forming a filling layer in the opening, impregnating the mask layer with a metal material, and removing the filling layer. The organic material in the mask layer includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and the filling layer has fewer the reaction sites per the unit volume than the mask layer.1. A method for forming an etching mask, the method comprising:
forming a mask layer containing an organic material on a layer to be patterned by a subsequent etching; processing the mask layer to form a pattern including an opening; forming a filling layer in the opening; and impregnating the mask layer with a metal material; and removing the filling layer, wherein the organic material includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and the filling layer has fewer reaction sites per unit volume than the mask layer. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic material comprises a polymer with a carbonyl group. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the filling layer comprises at least one of silicon oxide and polysilazane. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
exposing the mask layer to a plasma including oxygen before forming the filling layer. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
annealing the mask layer after impregnating the mask layer with the metal material. 6. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
forming an etching mask on a substrate, the etching mask being formed according to the method of claim 1; and etching the substrate using the etching mask. 7. A method for forming an etching mask, the method comprising:
forming a first mask layer containing a first organic material on a layer to be patterned by a subsequent etching; forming an intermediate film on the first mask layer; forming a second mask layer containing a second organic material on the intermediate film; processing the second mask layer to form a pattern including an opening; forming a filling layer in the opening; impregnating the second mask layer with a metal material; removing the filling layer; etching the intermediate film and the first mask layer by using the second mask layer; and removing the intermediate film and the second mask layer, wherein the second organic material in the second mask layer includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and the reaction sites per unit volume of the filling layer is less the reaction sites per the unit volume of the second mask layer. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second organic material comprises a polymer with a carbonyl group. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second organic material is a photoresist. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the filling layer comprises at least one of silicon oxide and polysilazane. 11. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
exposing the second mask layer to a plasma including oxygen before forming the filling layer. 12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
annealing the second mask layer after impregnating the second mask layer with the metal material. 13. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
forming an etching mask on a substrate, the etching mask being formed according to the method of claim 7; and etching the substrate using the etching mask. 14. A method for forming an etching mask, the method comprising:
forming a mask layer by alternately stacking a first organic layer and a second organic layer on a layer to be patterned in a subsequent etching; processing the mask layer to form a pattern including an opening; and impregnating the mask layer with a metal material, wherein the second organic layer includes reaction sites that react with the metal material, and a number of the reaction sites per unit volume in the first organic layer is less than a number of the reaction sites per the unit volume in the second organic layer. 15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:
forming a filling layer in the opening before impregnating the mask layer with the metal material; and removing the filling layer after impregnating the mask layer with the metal material, wherein a number of the reaction sites per unit volume in the filling layer is less than the number of the reaction sites per the unit volume in the first organic layer. 16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising:
exposing the mask layer to a plasma including oxygen before forming the filling layer. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the filling layer contains at least one of silicon oxide and polysilazane. 18. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:
annealing the mask layer after impregnating the mask layer with the metal material. 19. The method according to claim 14, wherein each of the first organic layer and the second organic layer is a thin film. 20. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:
forming an etching mask on a substrate, the etching mask being formed according to the method of claim 14; and etching substrate using the etching mask. | 1,700 |
346,634 | 16,805,120 | 2,872 | This disclosure relates generally to apparatus and methods for securely holding a substrate. In particular, this disclosure relates to apparatus and methods for securely holding a microscope slide on or within an imaging device. | 1. A device, comprising:
a frame comprising a first arm, a second arm, and at least two securing blocks; and a secure bar comprising at least two securing blocks, wherein the at least two securing blocks of the frame and the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar are on opposing sides of a cavity, wherein (1) one end of the secure bar is adjustable relative to the other end of the secure bar, or (2) one end of the second arm is adjustable relative to the other end of the second arm, wherein at least one of the securing blocks is at the adjustable end of the secure bar or at the adjustable end of the second arm, and wherein the adjustable end of the secure bar or the adjustable end of the second arm is adjustable along essentially a z-axis. 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a flexure to permit adjustment of the adjustable end of the secure bar or the adjustable end of the second arm. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein the flexure is at least one of a cut-out, a track, a groove, a notch, or one or more flexible materials. 4. The device of claim 2, wherein the flexure comprises a clasp configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of the adjustable end of the secure bar or the adjustable end of the second arm. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the securing blocks comprise a stopper and a ramp. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the secure bar is moveable relative to the frame. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein the secure bar is connected to the first arm of the frame with at least one bearing, the bearing configured to permit the secure bar to move relative to the frame. 8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a mount, wherein the mount connects the device to a secondary device. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the secondary device is a scanner, an imaging microscope, or a fluorescence microscope. 10. The device of claim 8, further comprising a slider adjoined to the secure bar and a connector adjoined to the mount, wherein a portion of the slider fits within a track of the connector. 11. The device of claim 6, further comprising a motor to move the secure bar relative to the frame. 12. The device of claim 1, the first arm further comprising a platform configured to support a substrate. 13. The device of claim 1, the second arm further comprising a pedestal configured to support a substrate. 14. A device, comprising:
a frame comprising a first arm and a second arm and at least two securing blocks; a secure bar comprising at least two securing blocks; and a flexure positioned between the at least two securing blocks of the first arm or between the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar, wherein the secure bar is movable relative to the frame, and wherein the at least two securing blocks of the frame and the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar are on opposing sides of a cavity. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure is positioned between the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar. 16. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure is configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of at least one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar or at least one of the at least two securing blocks of the first arm. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the flexure is configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar independently of the other one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the flexure is configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar independently of the other one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar and independently of the at least two securing blocks of the frame. 19. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure comprises a clasp. 20. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure is at least one of one or more flexible materials, a cut-out, a track, a groove, or a notch. 21. The device of claim 14, wherein the secure bar is movable to an open position to permit the insertion of the substrate, and movable to a closed position to permit the holding of the substrate. | This disclosure relates generally to apparatus and methods for securely holding a substrate. In particular, this disclosure relates to apparatus and methods for securely holding a microscope slide on or within an imaging device.1. A device, comprising:
a frame comprising a first arm, a second arm, and at least two securing blocks; and a secure bar comprising at least two securing blocks, wherein the at least two securing blocks of the frame and the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar are on opposing sides of a cavity, wherein (1) one end of the secure bar is adjustable relative to the other end of the secure bar, or (2) one end of the second arm is adjustable relative to the other end of the second arm, wherein at least one of the securing blocks is at the adjustable end of the secure bar or at the adjustable end of the second arm, and wherein the adjustable end of the secure bar or the adjustable end of the second arm is adjustable along essentially a z-axis. 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a flexure to permit adjustment of the adjustable end of the secure bar or the adjustable end of the second arm. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein the flexure is at least one of a cut-out, a track, a groove, a notch, or one or more flexible materials. 4. The device of claim 2, wherein the flexure comprises a clasp configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of the adjustable end of the secure bar or the adjustable end of the second arm. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the securing blocks comprise a stopper and a ramp. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the secure bar is moveable relative to the frame. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein the secure bar is connected to the first arm of the frame with at least one bearing, the bearing configured to permit the secure bar to move relative to the frame. 8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a mount, wherein the mount connects the device to a secondary device. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the secondary device is a scanner, an imaging microscope, or a fluorescence microscope. 10. The device of claim 8, further comprising a slider adjoined to the secure bar and a connector adjoined to the mount, wherein a portion of the slider fits within a track of the connector. 11. The device of claim 6, further comprising a motor to move the secure bar relative to the frame. 12. The device of claim 1, the first arm further comprising a platform configured to support a substrate. 13. The device of claim 1, the second arm further comprising a pedestal configured to support a substrate. 14. A device, comprising:
a frame comprising a first arm and a second arm and at least two securing blocks; a secure bar comprising at least two securing blocks; and a flexure positioned between the at least two securing blocks of the first arm or between the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar, wherein the secure bar is movable relative to the frame, and wherein the at least two securing blocks of the frame and the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar are on opposing sides of a cavity. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure is positioned between the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar. 16. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure is configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of at least one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar or at least one of the at least two securing blocks of the first arm. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the flexure is configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar independently of the other one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the flexure is configured to adjust at least one of the position, angle, or location of one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar independently of the other one of the at least two securing blocks of the secure bar and independently of the at least two securing blocks of the frame. 19. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure comprises a clasp. 20. The device of claim 14, wherein the flexure is at least one of one or more flexible materials, a cut-out, a track, a groove, or a notch. 21. The device of claim 14, wherein the secure bar is movable to an open position to permit the insertion of the substrate, and movable to a closed position to permit the holding of the substrate. | 2,800 |
346,635 | 16,805,111 | 3,726 | A process for manufacture of a custom pattern soft top for a vehicle. First, a printable marker sheet which matches the size for forming the layout of a plurality of sown together parts of a soft top for a vehicle is provided. Thereafter the design is printed onto the marker sheet in orientations on each individual part of said plurality of sewn together part such that the design on each part is configured and laid out to match the orientation of the pattern for that part on the vehicle. The parts of the top with the designs are then cut and assembled a final top which results in the design being displayed on all parts in proper orientation when installed on a vehicle. | 1. A process for manufacture of a custom pattern soft top for a vehicle comprising;
providing a printable marker sheet which matches the size for forming the layout of a plurality of sown together parts of a soft top for a vehicle; printing the design onto the marker sheet in orientations on each individual part of said plurality of sewn together part such that the design on each part is configured and laid out to match the orientation of the pattern for that part on the vehicle; cutting the parts of the top with the designs and assembling a final top to a vehicle. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein cutting the parts further comprises assembling the printable marker sheet onto a fabric material substrate for the top and cutting the top pieces from the resulting assembly. 3. The process of claim 2 wherein the printable marker sheet and the fabric substrate are layered on each other for providing a two layered assembly. 4. The process of claim 3 wherein the printable marker sheet is coated by or comprises a UV resistant film. 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the pattern is printed on a printable marker sheet formed by a fabric substrate. 6. The process of claim 4 wherein the design color is a combination of a tinted coating or film and a substrate. 7. The process of claim 1 wherein the design is luminescence. 8. The process of claim 1 further including specifying the vehicle the top is provided for to determine the size the marker sheet that is provided. 9. The process of claim 1 further including specifying the design from a library of graphic designs. 10. The process of claim 1 further including scanning a customer provided graphic for specifying the design. 11. The process of claim 1 further including manually determining the design printing orientations on the individual parts. 12. The process of claim 1 further comprising utilizing AI for determining the design printing orientations on the individual parts. 13. A process for manufacture of a custom pattern soft top for a vehicle comprising;
specifying the vehicle that the top is provided for; providing a printable marker sheet which matches the specified vehicle and size for forming the layout of a plurality of sown together parts of the soft top for the specified vehicle; specifying a design for the soft top from a library or from a customer supplied graphic. printing the design onto the marker sheet in manually or AI determined orientations on each individual part of said plurality of sewn together part such that the design on each part is configured and laid out to match the orientation of the pattern for that part on the vehicle; cutting the parts of the top with the designs and assembling a final top to a vehicle. 14. A vehicle top provided by the process of claim 1. 15. A vehicle top provided by the process of claim 13. | A process for manufacture of a custom pattern soft top for a vehicle. First, a printable marker sheet which matches the size for forming the layout of a plurality of sown together parts of a soft top for a vehicle is provided. Thereafter the design is printed onto the marker sheet in orientations on each individual part of said plurality of sewn together part such that the design on each part is configured and laid out to match the orientation of the pattern for that part on the vehicle. The parts of the top with the designs are then cut and assembled a final top which results in the design being displayed on all parts in proper orientation when installed on a vehicle.1. A process for manufacture of a custom pattern soft top for a vehicle comprising;
providing a printable marker sheet which matches the size for forming the layout of a plurality of sown together parts of a soft top for a vehicle; printing the design onto the marker sheet in orientations on each individual part of said plurality of sewn together part such that the design on each part is configured and laid out to match the orientation of the pattern for that part on the vehicle; cutting the parts of the top with the designs and assembling a final top to a vehicle. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein cutting the parts further comprises assembling the printable marker sheet onto a fabric material substrate for the top and cutting the top pieces from the resulting assembly. 3. The process of claim 2 wherein the printable marker sheet and the fabric substrate are layered on each other for providing a two layered assembly. 4. The process of claim 3 wherein the printable marker sheet is coated by or comprises a UV resistant film. 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the pattern is printed on a printable marker sheet formed by a fabric substrate. 6. The process of claim 4 wherein the design color is a combination of a tinted coating or film and a substrate. 7. The process of claim 1 wherein the design is luminescence. 8. The process of claim 1 further including specifying the vehicle the top is provided for to determine the size the marker sheet that is provided. 9. The process of claim 1 further including specifying the design from a library of graphic designs. 10. The process of claim 1 further including scanning a customer provided graphic for specifying the design. 11. The process of claim 1 further including manually determining the design printing orientations on the individual parts. 12. The process of claim 1 further comprising utilizing AI for determining the design printing orientations on the individual parts. 13. A process for manufacture of a custom pattern soft top for a vehicle comprising;
specifying the vehicle that the top is provided for; providing a printable marker sheet which matches the specified vehicle and size for forming the layout of a plurality of sown together parts of the soft top for the specified vehicle; specifying a design for the soft top from a library or from a customer supplied graphic. printing the design onto the marker sheet in manually or AI determined orientations on each individual part of said plurality of sewn together part such that the design on each part is configured and laid out to match the orientation of the pattern for that part on the vehicle; cutting the parts of the top with the designs and assembling a final top to a vehicle. 14. A vehicle top provided by the process of claim 1. 15. A vehicle top provided by the process of claim 13. | 3,700 |
346,636 | 16,805,093 | 3,726 | An automated outdoor modular vertical plant cultivation system forming a vertical structure is provided. The system includes a plurality of shelves, each shelf having a web and flanges; two posts, each post having a web and flanges. Each shelf of the plurality of shelves is mounted between the two posts with incremental spacing between each adjacent shelf along a vertical length of the two posts. The web of each shelf includes a plurality of openings for retaining planter vessels. The flanges of each shelf retain an embedded structural member. The system includes a fluid circulatory system including shelf irrigation piping extending longitudinally above the web of each shelf; and power or power and data and fluid members for the system distributed from vertical risers located in proximity to the web of the posts, wherein the flanges of the shelves have provisions to retain the fluid circulatory system. | 1. A multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation embodiment comprising:
a header shelf, a planter shelf, a base shelf, a flanged post and a vertically oriented plant grow panel, wherein:
the vertically oriented plant grow panel is coupled to the planter shelf and configured to grow plants on a vertical plane of the plant grow panel facing a space exterior to the plant grow panel;
the header shelf and/or the base shelf are configured to convey fluid and/or power to, through and from at least one chase post to another header shelf and/or base shelf;
a fluid supply originating from inside the at least one chase post convey fluid to at least on plant grow panel through an irrigation pipe coupled to a planter shelf flange;
opposing ends of the header shelf, the planter shelf, and the base shelf are wedged inside flanges of the post and coupled to at least one mechanical device preventing uplift shelf mobility; and
the header shelf, the planter shelf and the base shelf comprise a mechanical key vertically locking in place the same or different types of shelves to one another. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein a vertical member of the planter shelf is configured as a partition or a volumetric wall with plant grow panels on one or both sides of the partition or volumetric wall. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one quick connector couples the irrigation pipe and/or electrical receptacle to the post web. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the header shelf is configured to collect and retain rainwater and piped water for plant irrigation. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation system is coated with or fabricated of flame-retardant material. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation is/are fully or partially fabricated of non-metallic recyclable material. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of an electrical device, electromechanical device or combinations thereof are mounted on a post, the header shelf, or combinations thereof. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein electrified or non-electrified signage can be coupled to one or more of the header shelf, planter shelf and base shelf. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one power generating device coupled to the cultivation system. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the chase post comprises an access panel to access at least one electronic device, electromechanical device, or combinations thereof retained within the chase post. 11. A multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation embodiment comprising:
a planter shelf, a plant grow panel and an irrigation pipe, wherein:
the planter shelf is formed of an elongated load bearing member configured to rest on a reciprocating shelf below, to couple to a support structure or combinations thereof;
at least one end of the elongated load bearing member is configured to be wedged inside flanges of a post;
the planter shelf has a vertical partition or volumetric wall and a horizontal flange that are monolithically fabricated;
the plant grow panel is detachably coupled to the planter shelf and configured to grow plants on a vertical plane of the plant grow panel facing an exterior space;
the detachable grow panel coupled to the planter shelf is configured to couple to a single side or both sides of the planter shelf; and
an irrigation pipe extending a length of the planter shelf disposed at a bottom face of the horizontal flange, the irrigation pipe configured to irrigate at least one plant grow panel. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein fluid flowing through the irrigation pipe comprises one or more of water, plant nutrient and pest control additive. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein fluid flowing through the irrigation pipe is under pressure and comprises at least one of a drip head, a sprinkler, a mister or combinations thereof. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the irrigation pipe is semi-concealed or fully concealed inside a recess in the horizontal planter flange and connects to a coupler coupled to at least one post web. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein a top surface of the horizontal planter shelf flange is tapered and comprises fastening provisions in the flange and/or the planter's partition or volumetric wall facilitates coupling to the plant grow panel. 16. A plant grow panel system comprising:
a plant grow panel vertically oriented with a plant root side coupled to a planter partition or volumetric wall and an opposing plant grow side facing an open exterior space, wherein:
the plant grow panel further comprises at least a root retaining scaffolding, plant bedding material, a seed and/or plant, and an exterior envelope; and
plant roots are anchored to the root retaining scaffolding to facilitate plant growth across the plant grow side of the plant grow panel facing the exterior open space. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein detachable seed and/or plant casings are embedded inside the plant grow panel. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the plant grow panel is detachably coupled to a planter shelf of the partition or volumetric wall, to a horizontal flange of the planter shelf or combinations thereof. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the plant grow panel is a board or elongated strips seeded and/or planted at a nursery, and the contents of the grow panel are recyclable upon removal from the planter shelf. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein microbes and/or fungi are added to bedding material of the plant grow panel to induce complex biodiversity inside the panel. | An automated outdoor modular vertical plant cultivation system forming a vertical structure is provided. The system includes a plurality of shelves, each shelf having a web and flanges; two posts, each post having a web and flanges. Each shelf of the plurality of shelves is mounted between the two posts with incremental spacing between each adjacent shelf along a vertical length of the two posts. The web of each shelf includes a plurality of openings for retaining planter vessels. The flanges of each shelf retain an embedded structural member. The system includes a fluid circulatory system including shelf irrigation piping extending longitudinally above the web of each shelf; and power or power and data and fluid members for the system distributed from vertical risers located in proximity to the web of the posts, wherein the flanges of the shelves have provisions to retain the fluid circulatory system.1. A multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation embodiment comprising:
a header shelf, a planter shelf, a base shelf, a flanged post and a vertically oriented plant grow panel, wherein:
the vertically oriented plant grow panel is coupled to the planter shelf and configured to grow plants on a vertical plane of the plant grow panel facing a space exterior to the plant grow panel;
the header shelf and/or the base shelf are configured to convey fluid and/or power to, through and from at least one chase post to another header shelf and/or base shelf;
a fluid supply originating from inside the at least one chase post convey fluid to at least on plant grow panel through an irrigation pipe coupled to a planter shelf flange;
opposing ends of the header shelf, the planter shelf, and the base shelf are wedged inside flanges of the post and coupled to at least one mechanical device preventing uplift shelf mobility; and
the header shelf, the planter shelf and the base shelf comprise a mechanical key vertically locking in place the same or different types of shelves to one another. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein a vertical member of the planter shelf is configured as a partition or a volumetric wall with plant grow panels on one or both sides of the partition or volumetric wall. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one quick connector couples the irrigation pipe and/or electrical receptacle to the post web. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the header shelf is configured to collect and retain rainwater and piped water for plant irrigation. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation system is coated with or fabricated of flame-retardant material. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation is/are fully or partially fabricated of non-metallic recyclable material. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of an electrical device, electromechanical device or combinations thereof are mounted on a post, the header shelf, or combinations thereof. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein electrified or non-electrified signage can be coupled to one or more of the header shelf, planter shelf and base shelf. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one power generating device coupled to the cultivation system. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the chase post comprises an access panel to access at least one electronic device, electromechanical device, or combinations thereof retained within the chase post. 11. A multi-tiered vertical plant cultivation embodiment comprising:
a planter shelf, a plant grow panel and an irrigation pipe, wherein:
the planter shelf is formed of an elongated load bearing member configured to rest on a reciprocating shelf below, to couple to a support structure or combinations thereof;
at least one end of the elongated load bearing member is configured to be wedged inside flanges of a post;
the planter shelf has a vertical partition or volumetric wall and a horizontal flange that are monolithically fabricated;
the plant grow panel is detachably coupled to the planter shelf and configured to grow plants on a vertical plane of the plant grow panel facing an exterior space;
the detachable grow panel coupled to the planter shelf is configured to couple to a single side or both sides of the planter shelf; and
an irrigation pipe extending a length of the planter shelf disposed at a bottom face of the horizontal flange, the irrigation pipe configured to irrigate at least one plant grow panel. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein fluid flowing through the irrigation pipe comprises one or more of water, plant nutrient and pest control additive. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein fluid flowing through the irrigation pipe is under pressure and comprises at least one of a drip head, a sprinkler, a mister or combinations thereof. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the irrigation pipe is semi-concealed or fully concealed inside a recess in the horizontal planter flange and connects to a coupler coupled to at least one post web. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein a top surface of the horizontal planter shelf flange is tapered and comprises fastening provisions in the flange and/or the planter's partition or volumetric wall facilitates coupling to the plant grow panel. 16. A plant grow panel system comprising:
a plant grow panel vertically oriented with a plant root side coupled to a planter partition or volumetric wall and an opposing plant grow side facing an open exterior space, wherein:
the plant grow panel further comprises at least a root retaining scaffolding, plant bedding material, a seed and/or plant, and an exterior envelope; and
plant roots are anchored to the root retaining scaffolding to facilitate plant growth across the plant grow side of the plant grow panel facing the exterior open space. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein detachable seed and/or plant casings are embedded inside the plant grow panel. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the plant grow panel is detachably coupled to a planter shelf of the partition or volumetric wall, to a horizontal flange of the planter shelf or combinations thereof. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the plant grow panel is a board or elongated strips seeded and/or planted at a nursery, and the contents of the grow panel are recyclable upon removal from the planter shelf. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein microbes and/or fungi are added to bedding material of the plant grow panel to induce complex biodiversity inside the panel. | 3,700 |
346,637 | 16,805,114 | 3,726 | The present discloses a device and method for installing and fixing lens. The device for installing and fixing lens includes a lens installation support. A plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the through holes are provided around each through hole in the lens installation support so that when a lens is placed in the through hole, glue will be injected into the glue injection hole, the glue then will permeate around the lens and the through hole to paste the lens in the through hole, and the lens will be installed and fixed once the glue is cured. The device for installing and fixing lens is simple in structure, easy to install and fix the lens with high installation and fixation accuracy and good stability. | 1. A device for installing and fixing lens, comprising a lens installation support, wherein a plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the plurality of through holes are provided around each of the plurality of through holes in the lens installation support. 2. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, further comprising a lens positioning plate for fixing the lens installation support, wherein the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with the plurality of through holes; when installing, the bosses are configurated to be in in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of through holes. 3. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a distance between a lower face of the lens installation support and an upper surface of the bosses is less than a thickness of the edge of a lens. 4. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a lower surface of the lens installation support is configurated to be located on the same plane with an upper surface of the bosses. 5. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the plurality of through holes. 6. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the lens. 7. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 8. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 7, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the plurality of positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 9. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 8, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the plurality of positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. 10. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein two glue injection holes are symmetrically provided around each of the plurality of through holes. 11. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes gradually increases from the bottom to the top, or a top of the plurality of through holes is in a flared structure. 12. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the plurality of through holes is greater than or equal to a height of the lens. 13. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes is 0.01 mm to 0.2 mm greater than that of the lens. 14. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the glue injection holes is smaller than a radius of the plurality of through holes. 15. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of through holes are arranged in an array on the lens installation support. 16. A method for installing and fixing lens, using a device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1 and a lens positioning plate for fixing a lens installation support in which the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with through holes, comprising the following installing and fixing steps:
S1. the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate when the lens positioning plate is placed on a flat surface, so that the bosses are in one-to-one correspondence with the through hole, and the lower surface of the lens installation support is located on the same plane with the upper surface of the bosses;
S2. the bosses abut the lens after the lenses are placed in the plurality of through holes, and glue is injected into the glue injection holes;
S3, the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together are subjected to glue curing treatment after injecting glue; and
S4, the lens positioning plate is separated from the lens installation support after the curing treatment so as to complete the installation and fixation of the lens on the lens installation support. 17. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a high-temperature baking or ultraviolet irradiation method is used in step S3 to perform glue curing treatment on the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together. 18. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 19. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 18, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 20. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 19, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. | The present discloses a device and method for installing and fixing lens. The device for installing and fixing lens includes a lens installation support. A plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the through holes are provided around each through hole in the lens installation support so that when a lens is placed in the through hole, glue will be injected into the glue injection hole, the glue then will permeate around the lens and the through hole to paste the lens in the through hole, and the lens will be installed and fixed once the glue is cured. The device for installing and fixing lens is simple in structure, easy to install and fix the lens with high installation and fixation accuracy and good stability.1. A device for installing and fixing lens, comprising a lens installation support, wherein a plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the plurality of through holes are provided around each of the plurality of through holes in the lens installation support. 2. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, further comprising a lens positioning plate for fixing the lens installation support, wherein the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with the plurality of through holes; when installing, the bosses are configurated to be in in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of through holes. 3. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a distance between a lower face of the lens installation support and an upper surface of the bosses is less than a thickness of the edge of a lens. 4. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a lower surface of the lens installation support is configurated to be located on the same plane with an upper surface of the bosses. 5. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the plurality of through holes. 6. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the lens. 7. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 8. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 7, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the plurality of positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 9. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 8, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the plurality of positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. 10. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein two glue injection holes are symmetrically provided around each of the plurality of through holes. 11. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes gradually increases from the bottom to the top, or a top of the plurality of through holes is in a flared structure. 12. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the plurality of through holes is greater than or equal to a height of the lens. 13. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes is 0.01 mm to 0.2 mm greater than that of the lens. 14. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the glue injection holes is smaller than a radius of the plurality of through holes. 15. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of through holes are arranged in an array on the lens installation support. 16. A method for installing and fixing lens, using a device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1 and a lens positioning plate for fixing a lens installation support in which the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with through holes, comprising the following installing and fixing steps:
S1. the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate when the lens positioning plate is placed on a flat surface, so that the bosses are in one-to-one correspondence with the through hole, and the lower surface of the lens installation support is located on the same plane with the upper surface of the bosses;
S2. the bosses abut the lens after the lenses are placed in the plurality of through holes, and glue is injected into the glue injection holes;
S3, the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together are subjected to glue curing treatment after injecting glue; and
S4, the lens positioning plate is separated from the lens installation support after the curing treatment so as to complete the installation and fixation of the lens on the lens installation support. 17. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a high-temperature baking or ultraviolet irradiation method is used in step S3 to perform glue curing treatment on the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together. 18. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 19. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 18, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 20. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 19, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. | 3,700 |
346,638 | 16,805,101 | 3,726 | The present discloses a device and method for installing and fixing lens. The device for installing and fixing lens includes a lens installation support. A plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the through holes are provided around each through hole in the lens installation support so that when a lens is placed in the through hole, glue will be injected into the glue injection hole, the glue then will permeate around the lens and the through hole to paste the lens in the through hole, and the lens will be installed and fixed once the glue is cured. The device for installing and fixing lens is simple in structure, easy to install and fix the lens with high installation and fixation accuracy and good stability. | 1. A device for installing and fixing lens, comprising a lens installation support, wherein a plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the plurality of through holes are provided around each of the plurality of through holes in the lens installation support. 2. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, further comprising a lens positioning plate for fixing the lens installation support, wherein the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with the plurality of through holes; when installing, the bosses are configurated to be in in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of through holes. 3. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a distance between a lower face of the lens installation support and an upper surface of the bosses is less than a thickness of the edge of a lens. 4. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a lower surface of the lens installation support is configurated to be located on the same plane with an upper surface of the bosses. 5. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the plurality of through holes. 6. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the lens. 7. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 8. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 7, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the plurality of positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 9. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 8, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the plurality of positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. 10. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein two glue injection holes are symmetrically provided around each of the plurality of through holes. 11. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes gradually increases from the bottom to the top, or a top of the plurality of through holes is in a flared structure. 12. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the plurality of through holes is greater than or equal to a height of the lens. 13. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes is 0.01 mm to 0.2 mm greater than that of the lens. 14. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the glue injection holes is smaller than a radius of the plurality of through holes. 15. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of through holes are arranged in an array on the lens installation support. 16. A method for installing and fixing lens, using a device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1 and a lens positioning plate for fixing a lens installation support in which the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with through holes, comprising the following installing and fixing steps:
S1. the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate when the lens positioning plate is placed on a flat surface, so that the bosses are in one-to-one correspondence with the through hole, and the lower surface of the lens installation support is located on the same plane with the upper surface of the bosses;
S2. the bosses abut the lens after the lenses are placed in the plurality of through holes, and glue is injected into the glue injection holes;
S3, the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together are subjected to glue curing treatment after injecting glue; and
S4, the lens positioning plate is separated from the lens installation support after the curing treatment so as to complete the installation and fixation of the lens on the lens installation support. 17. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a high-temperature baking or ultraviolet irradiation method is used in step S3 to perform glue curing treatment on the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together. 18. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 19. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 18, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 20. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 19, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. | The present discloses a device and method for installing and fixing lens. The device for installing and fixing lens includes a lens installation support. A plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the through holes are provided around each through hole in the lens installation support so that when a lens is placed in the through hole, glue will be injected into the glue injection hole, the glue then will permeate around the lens and the through hole to paste the lens in the through hole, and the lens will be installed and fixed once the glue is cured. The device for installing and fixing lens is simple in structure, easy to install and fix the lens with high installation and fixation accuracy and good stability.1. A device for installing and fixing lens, comprising a lens installation support, wherein a plurality of through holes for placing lenses are provided in the lens installation support, and glue injection holes communicated with the plurality of through holes are provided around each of the plurality of through holes in the lens installation support. 2. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, further comprising a lens positioning plate for fixing the lens installation support, wherein the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with the plurality of through holes; when installing, the bosses are configurated to be in in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of through holes. 3. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a distance between a lower face of the lens installation support and an upper surface of the bosses is less than a thickness of the edge of a lens. 4. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein when the the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate, a lower surface of the lens installation support is configurated to be located on the same plane with an upper surface of the bosses. 5. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the plurality of through holes. 6. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 2, wherein a size of the bosses is smaller than that of the lens. 7. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 8. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 7, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the plurality of positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 9. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 8, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the plurality of positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. 10. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein two glue injection holes are symmetrically provided around each of the plurality of through holes. 11. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes gradually increases from the bottom to the top, or a top of the plurality of through holes is in a flared structure. 12. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the plurality of through holes is greater than or equal to a height of the lens. 13. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a size of the plurality of through holes is 0.01 mm to 0.2 mm greater than that of the lens. 14. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the glue injection holes is smaller than a radius of the plurality of through holes. 15. The device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of through holes are arranged in an array on the lens installation support. 16. A method for installing and fixing lens, using a device for installing and fixing lens according to claim 1 and a lens positioning plate for fixing a lens installation support in which the lens positioning plate is provided with bosses having the same arrangement with through holes, comprising the following installing and fixing steps:
S1. the lens installation support is fixed on the lens positioning plate when the lens positioning plate is placed on a flat surface, so that the bosses are in one-to-one correspondence with the through hole, and the lower surface of the lens installation support is located on the same plane with the upper surface of the bosses;
S2. the bosses abut the lens after the lenses are placed in the plurality of through holes, and glue is injected into the glue injection holes;
S3, the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together are subjected to glue curing treatment after injecting glue; and
S4, the lens positioning plate is separated from the lens installation support after the curing treatment so as to complete the installation and fixation of the lens on the lens installation support. 17. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a high-temperature baking or ultraviolet irradiation method is used in step S3 to perform glue curing treatment on the lens positioning plate and the lens installation support which are fixed together. 18. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 16, wherein a positioning element is provided on the lens installation support for positioning the fixing position of the lens installation support on the lens positioning plate. 19. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 18, wherein the positioning element includes a plurality of positioning pins that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and insertion holes for sleeving the positioning pins are provided on the lens positioning plate. 20. The method for installing and fixing lens according to claim 19, wherein the positioning element further includes a plurality of positioning posts that are provided on opposite sides or at opposite angles of the lens installation support, and positioning surfaces corresponding to the positioning posts are provided on the lens positioning plate. | 3,700 |
346,639 | 16,805,112 | 3,726 | In a semiconductor device, a first substrate and a second substrate are bonded to each other through an insulating film. A hermetically sealed chamber is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a sensing part is enclosed in the hermetically sealed chamber. The second substrate has a through hole penetrating in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate and exposing the first surface of the first substrate. A penetrating electrode is disposed on a wall surface of the through hole of the second substrate, and is electrically connected to the sensing part. A discharge path is provided, at a position located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole for releasing outgas generated during bonding from the hermetically sealed chamber to the through hole. | 1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a first substrate having a first surface; a second substrate having a second surface, the second substrate being bonded to the first substrate such that the second surface faces the first surface of the first substrate and a hermetically sealed chamber is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate having a through hole that penetrates the second substrate in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate and exposes the first surface of the first substrate; an insulating film disposed between the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate; a sensing part disposed in the hermetically sealed chamber, the sensing part including a vibrator; a penetrating electrode disposed on a wall surface of the through hole of the second substrate, the penetrating electrode being electrically connected to the sensing part; and a discharge path defining a space, at a position located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge path is disposed at the position that is away from the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge path is disposed at the position that is in communication with the through hole and is away from the hermetically sealed chamber. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge path is disposed at the position that is in communication with the hermetically sealed chamber and is away from the through hole. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the first substrate, the second substrate and the insulating film are bonded to each other entirely in an area between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole excluding the position where the discharge path is provided. 6. A method for producing a semiconductor device, comprising:
preparing a first substrate having a first surface; forming a sensing part in the first substrate adjacent to the first surface; preparing a second substrate having a second surface; forming an insulating film on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; bonding the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate through the insulating film to provide a hermetically sealed chamber between the first substrate and the second substrate and to enclose the sensing part including a vibrator in the hermetically sealed chamber; forming a through hole in the second substrate and the insulating film in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate to expose the first surface of the first substrate; forming a penetrating electrode in the through hole to be electrically connected to the sensing part; and before the bonding, forming a recess at a position that is to be located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole in the bonding and the forming of the through hole, wherein in the bonding, the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate are bonded through the insulating film so that a discharge path is provided by the recess at the position that is to be located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole in the forming of the through hole, the method further comprising: after the forming of the through hole and before the forming of the penetrating electrode, performing a heat treatment to release outgas, which is generated in the bonding, from the hermetically sealed chamber to the through hole through the discharge path. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein
the heat treatment to release the outgas is performed at a temperature higher than a temperature of the bonding. | In a semiconductor device, a first substrate and a second substrate are bonded to each other through an insulating film. A hermetically sealed chamber is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a sensing part is enclosed in the hermetically sealed chamber. The second substrate has a through hole penetrating in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate and exposing the first surface of the first substrate. A penetrating electrode is disposed on a wall surface of the through hole of the second substrate, and is electrically connected to the sensing part. A discharge path is provided, at a position located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole for releasing outgas generated during bonding from the hermetically sealed chamber to the through hole.1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a first substrate having a first surface; a second substrate having a second surface, the second substrate being bonded to the first substrate such that the second surface faces the first surface of the first substrate and a hermetically sealed chamber is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate having a through hole that penetrates the second substrate in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate and exposes the first surface of the first substrate; an insulating film disposed between the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate; a sensing part disposed in the hermetically sealed chamber, the sensing part including a vibrator; a penetrating electrode disposed on a wall surface of the through hole of the second substrate, the penetrating electrode being electrically connected to the sensing part; and a discharge path defining a space, at a position located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge path is disposed at the position that is away from the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge path is disposed at the position that is in communication with the through hole and is away from the hermetically sealed chamber. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge path is disposed at the position that is in communication with the hermetically sealed chamber and is away from the through hole. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the first substrate, the second substrate and the insulating film are bonded to each other entirely in an area between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole excluding the position where the discharge path is provided. 6. A method for producing a semiconductor device, comprising:
preparing a first substrate having a first surface; forming a sensing part in the first substrate adjacent to the first surface; preparing a second substrate having a second surface; forming an insulating film on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; bonding the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate through the insulating film to provide a hermetically sealed chamber between the first substrate and the second substrate and to enclose the sensing part including a vibrator in the hermetically sealed chamber; forming a through hole in the second substrate and the insulating film in a stacking direction of the first substrate and the second substrate to expose the first surface of the first substrate; forming a penetrating electrode in the through hole to be electrically connected to the sensing part; and before the bonding, forming a recess at a position that is to be located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole in the bonding and the forming of the through hole, wherein in the bonding, the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate are bonded through the insulating film so that a discharge path is provided by the recess at the position that is to be located between the hermetically sealed chamber and the through hole in the forming of the through hole, the method further comprising: after the forming of the through hole and before the forming of the penetrating electrode, performing a heat treatment to release outgas, which is generated in the bonding, from the hermetically sealed chamber to the through hole through the discharge path. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein
the heat treatment to release the outgas is performed at a temperature higher than a temperature of the bonding. | 3,700 |
346,640 | 16,805,045 | 3,726 | Methods and apparatus to control an architectural opening covering assembly are disclosed herein. An example system includes a first architectural opening covering assembly to identify a first position of a first covering as a first reference position in response to a first command to store a first speed at which the first assembly is to be driven. The first assembly is to operate a first motor to move the first covering at the first stored speed in response to a second command. The example system includes a second architectural opening covering assembly to store a second speed at which the second covering is to be driven in response to a third command. The second assembly is to operate a second motor at the second stored speed in response to a fourth command to move the second covering. | 1. An apparatus comprising:
a first rail; a second rail; a first motor to move the first rail; a second motor to move the second rail; and a processor to:
determine a first distance between a current position of the first rail and a first reference position for the first rail;
calculate a first speed at which the first motor is to move the first rail based on the first distance and a predetermined amount of time;
determine a second distance between a current position of the second rail and a second reference position for the second rail;
calculate a second speed at which the second motor is to move the second rail based on the second distance and the predetermined amount of time; and
activate the first motor to move the first rail at the first speed and activate the second motor to move the second rail at the second speed such that the first rail arrives at the first reference position at the same time as the second rail arrives at the second reference position. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is to activate the first motor and the second motor in response to a command. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the command is a wireless command signal from an electronic input device. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electronic input device is a remote control. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electronic input device is a smartphone. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first reference position and the second reference position are stored in a memory. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the predetermined amount of time is stored in the memory. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is to track a speed of the first rail based on information from a first sensor and track a speed of the second rail based on information from a second sensor. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is to track a position of the first rail based on information from a first sensor and track a position of the second rail based on information from a second sensor. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first reference position is a lower limit position or an upper limit position. 11. A tangible machine readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause at least one machine to at least:
determine a first distance between a current position of a first rail and a first reference position for the first rail; calculate a first speed at which a first motor is to move the first rail based on the first distance and a predetermined amount of time; determine a second distance between a current position of a second rail and a second reference position for the second rail; calculate a second speed at which a second motor is to move the second rail based on the second distance and the predetermined amount of time; and activate the first motor to move the first rail at the first speed and activate the second motor to move the second rail at the second speed such that the first and second rails move contemporaneously to the first and second reference positions, respectively. 12. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the at least one machine to active the first motor and the second motor in response to a command. 13. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 12, wherein the command is a wireless command signal from an electronic input device. 14. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the electronic input device is a remote control. 15. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the electronic input device is a smartphone. 16. A method comprising:
determining, with a logic circuit, a first distance between a current position of a first rail and a first reference position for the first rail; calculating, with the logic circuit, a first speed at which a first motor is to move the first rail based on the first distance and a predetermined amount of time; determining, with the logic circuit, a second distance between a current position of a second rail and a second reference position for the second rail; calculating, with the logic circuit, a second speed at which a second motor is to move the second rail based on the second distance and the predetermined amount of time; and activating, with the logic circuit, the first motor to move the first rail at the first speed and the second motor to move the second rail at the second speed such that the first rail arrives at the first reference position when the second rail arrives at the second reference position. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the activating of the first motor and the second motor is in response to a command. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the command is a wireless command signal from an electronic input device. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the electronic input device is a remote control. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the electronic input device is a smartphone. | Methods and apparatus to control an architectural opening covering assembly are disclosed herein. An example system includes a first architectural opening covering assembly to identify a first position of a first covering as a first reference position in response to a first command to store a first speed at which the first assembly is to be driven. The first assembly is to operate a first motor to move the first covering at the first stored speed in response to a second command. The example system includes a second architectural opening covering assembly to store a second speed at which the second covering is to be driven in response to a third command. The second assembly is to operate a second motor at the second stored speed in response to a fourth command to move the second covering.1. An apparatus comprising:
a first rail; a second rail; a first motor to move the first rail; a second motor to move the second rail; and a processor to:
determine a first distance between a current position of the first rail and a first reference position for the first rail;
calculate a first speed at which the first motor is to move the first rail based on the first distance and a predetermined amount of time;
determine a second distance between a current position of the second rail and a second reference position for the second rail;
calculate a second speed at which the second motor is to move the second rail based on the second distance and the predetermined amount of time; and
activate the first motor to move the first rail at the first speed and activate the second motor to move the second rail at the second speed such that the first rail arrives at the first reference position at the same time as the second rail arrives at the second reference position. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is to activate the first motor and the second motor in response to a command. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the command is a wireless command signal from an electronic input device. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electronic input device is a remote control. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electronic input device is a smartphone. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first reference position and the second reference position are stored in a memory. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the predetermined amount of time is stored in the memory. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is to track a speed of the first rail based on information from a first sensor and track a speed of the second rail based on information from a second sensor. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is to track a position of the first rail based on information from a first sensor and track a position of the second rail based on information from a second sensor. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first reference position is a lower limit position or an upper limit position. 11. A tangible machine readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause at least one machine to at least:
determine a first distance between a current position of a first rail and a first reference position for the first rail; calculate a first speed at which a first motor is to move the first rail based on the first distance and a predetermined amount of time; determine a second distance between a current position of a second rail and a second reference position for the second rail; calculate a second speed at which a second motor is to move the second rail based on the second distance and the predetermined amount of time; and activate the first motor to move the first rail at the first speed and activate the second motor to move the second rail at the second speed such that the first and second rails move contemporaneously to the first and second reference positions, respectively. 12. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the at least one machine to active the first motor and the second motor in response to a command. 13. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 12, wherein the command is a wireless command signal from an electronic input device. 14. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the electronic input device is a remote control. 15. The tangible machine readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the electronic input device is a smartphone. 16. A method comprising:
determining, with a logic circuit, a first distance between a current position of a first rail and a first reference position for the first rail; calculating, with the logic circuit, a first speed at which a first motor is to move the first rail based on the first distance and a predetermined amount of time; determining, with the logic circuit, a second distance between a current position of a second rail and a second reference position for the second rail; calculating, with the logic circuit, a second speed at which a second motor is to move the second rail based on the second distance and the predetermined amount of time; and activating, with the logic circuit, the first motor to move the first rail at the first speed and the second motor to move the second rail at the second speed such that the first rail arrives at the first reference position when the second rail arrives at the second reference position. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the activating of the first motor and the second motor is in response to a command. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the command is a wireless command signal from an electronic input device. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the electronic input device is a remote control. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the electronic input device is a smartphone. | 3,700 |
346,641 | 16,805,071 | 3,726 | Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for transmitting simultaneous multi-beams on the same wireless resource. One example method includes determining a set of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from a user equipment (UE), signaling to the UE an indication of the TX beams, and transmitting simultaneously via the TX beams. | 1. A method of wireless communication by a base station (BS), comprising:
determining a set of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from a user equipment (UE); signaling to the UE an indication of the TX beams; and transmitting simultaneously via the TX beams. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, from the UE, feedback information related to the TX beams. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication of the TX beams is provided via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the TCI state indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams or at least one second reference signal for tracking the TX beams. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a common reference signal transmitted by each of the TX beams. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a reference signal for each set of TX beams simultaneously received by a same reception (RX) beam at the UE. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising receiving, from the UE, an indication of one or more RX beams at the UE corresponding to the TX beams. 8. The method of claim 3, wherein the TCI state comprises at least one of a first identifier of at least one reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a second identifier of a single-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a third identifier of a multi-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, or a fourth identifier of at least one tracking reference signal. 9. The method of claim 3, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein signaling to the UE the indication of the TX beams comprises signaling the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is provided via a multi-beam spatial relationship between the TX beams used by the UE on an uplink (UL) resource; and
further comprising receiving simultaneous transmissions from the UE on the UL resource. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the multi-beam spatial relationship indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the additional TX beams or at least one second reference signal to estimate a path loss for power control associated with an UL multi-beam simultaneous transmission. 12. A method of wireless communication by a user equipment, comprising:
receiving, from a base station (BS), an indication of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE; determining, based on the indication, the TX beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE; and receiving transmissions based on the indication via one or more reception (RX) beams. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
determining feedback information related to the TX beams based on the indication; and transmitting, to the BS, the feedback information related to the TX beams. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein receiving transmissions comprises receiving the simultaneous transmissions from the BS. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the indication of the TX beams is provided via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the TCI state indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams or at least one second reference signal for tracking the TX beams. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a common reference signal transmitted by each of the TX beams. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a reference signal for each set of TX beams simultaneously received by a same reception (RX) beam at the UE. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising transmitting, to the BS, an indication of each of the RX beams used to receive the TX beams. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the TCI state comprises at least one of a first identifier of at least one reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a second identifier of a single-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a third identifier of a multi-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, or an identifier of at least one tracking reference signal. 21. The method of claim 15, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein receiving the indication comprises receiving the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. 22. The method of claim 12, wherein the indication is provided via a multi-beam spatial relationship between the TX beams used by the UE on an uplink (UL) resource; and
further comprising transmitting the simultaneous transmissions from the UE on the UL resource. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the multi-beam spatial relationship indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams or at least one second reference signal to estimate a path loss for power control associated with an UL multi-beam simultaneous transmission. 24. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a processing system configured to determine a set of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from a user equipment (UE); and a transmitter configured to signal to the UE an indication of the TX beams and transmit simultaneously via the TX beams. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the transmitter is configured to signal the indication of the TX beams via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein signaling to the UE the indication of the TX beams comprises signaling the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. 27. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a receiver configured to receive, from a base station (BS), an indication of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE; and a processing system configured to determine, based on the indication, the TX beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive transmissions based on the indication via one or more reception (RX) beams. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein receiver is configured to receive the indication of the TX beams via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein signaling to the UE the indication of the TX beams comprises signaling the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. | Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for transmitting simultaneous multi-beams on the same wireless resource. One example method includes determining a set of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from a user equipment (UE), signaling to the UE an indication of the TX beams, and transmitting simultaneously via the TX beams.1. A method of wireless communication by a base station (BS), comprising:
determining a set of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from a user equipment (UE); signaling to the UE an indication of the TX beams; and transmitting simultaneously via the TX beams. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, from the UE, feedback information related to the TX beams. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication of the TX beams is provided via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the TCI state indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams or at least one second reference signal for tracking the TX beams. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a common reference signal transmitted by each of the TX beams. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a reference signal for each set of TX beams simultaneously received by a same reception (RX) beam at the UE. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising receiving, from the UE, an indication of one or more RX beams at the UE corresponding to the TX beams. 8. The method of claim 3, wherein the TCI state comprises at least one of a first identifier of at least one reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a second identifier of a single-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a third identifier of a multi-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, or a fourth identifier of at least one tracking reference signal. 9. The method of claim 3, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein signaling to the UE the indication of the TX beams comprises signaling the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is provided via a multi-beam spatial relationship between the TX beams used by the UE on an uplink (UL) resource; and
further comprising receiving simultaneous transmissions from the UE on the UL resource. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the multi-beam spatial relationship indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the additional TX beams or at least one second reference signal to estimate a path loss for power control associated with an UL multi-beam simultaneous transmission. 12. A method of wireless communication by a user equipment, comprising:
receiving, from a base station (BS), an indication of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE; determining, based on the indication, the TX beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE; and receiving transmissions based on the indication via one or more reception (RX) beams. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
determining feedback information related to the TX beams based on the indication; and transmitting, to the BS, the feedback information related to the TX beams. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein receiving transmissions comprises receiving the simultaneous transmissions from the BS. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the indication of the TX beams is provided via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the TCI state indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams or at least one second reference signal for tracking the TX beams. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a common reference signal transmitted by each of the TX beams. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one second reference signal comprises a reference signal for each set of TX beams simultaneously received by a same reception (RX) beam at the UE. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising transmitting, to the BS, an indication of each of the RX beams used to receive the TX beams. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the TCI state comprises at least one of a first identifier of at least one reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a second identifier of a single-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, a third identifier of a multi-beam TCI state for determining the spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams, or an identifier of at least one tracking reference signal. 21. The method of claim 15, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein receiving the indication comprises receiving the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. 22. The method of claim 12, wherein the indication is provided via a multi-beam spatial relationship between the TX beams used by the UE on an uplink (UL) resource; and
further comprising transmitting the simultaneous transmissions from the UE on the UL resource. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the multi-beam spatial relationship indicates at least one of at least one first reference signal for determining spatial reception parameters associated with the TX beams or at least one second reference signal to estimate a path loss for power control associated with an UL multi-beam simultaneous transmission. 24. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a processing system configured to determine a set of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from a user equipment (UE); and a transmitter configured to signal to the UE an indication of the TX beams and transmit simultaneously via the TX beams. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the transmitter is configured to signal the indication of the TX beams via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein signaling to the UE the indication of the TX beams comprises signaling the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. 27. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a receiver configured to receive, from a base station (BS), an indication of transmission (TX) beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE; and a processing system configured to determine, based on the indication, the TX beams for simultaneous transmissions to or from the UE, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive transmissions based on the indication via one or more reception (RX) beams. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein receiver is configured to receive the indication of the TX beams via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the TCI state comprises a virtual TCI state or a TCI codepoint indicating single-beam TCI states corresponding to each of the TX beams, and wherein signaling to the UE the indication of the TX beams comprises signaling the virtual TCI state or TCI codepoint via downlink control information. | 3,700 |
346,642 | 16,805,097 | 3,726 | An electronic device includes a connection unit. The connection unit includes an electric wire and an insulation-displacement terminal. The electric wire includes a conductor and an insulation coating on an outer periphery of the conductor. The insulation-displacement terminal includes two beams facing each other in a first direction to define a slot between the two beams, and receives the electric wire in the slot to have an electrical connection. The insulation-displacement terminal includes an introduction part defining an opening of the slot, a scrape part for scraping the insulation coating from the electric wire, and a fix part fixing the electric wire in order along a second direction from the opening to an innermost of the slot. | 1. An electronic device comprising:
a connection unit that includes an electric wire that includes a conductor and an insulation coating on an outer periphery of the conductor, and an insulation-displacement terminal that includes two beams facing each other in a first direction to define a slot between the two beams, and receives the electric wire in the slot to have an electrical connection, wherein: the insulation-displacement terminal includes an introduction part defining an opening of the slot, a scrape part for scraping the insulation coating from the electric wire, and a fix part fixing the electric wire in order along a second direction from the opening to an innermost of the slot; a dimension of the slot in the first direction is greater at the introduction part than the scrape part and the fix part; the scrape part includes a contact portion on an inner surface of each of the two beams and to be in contact with the electric wire when the electric wire is inserted into the slot; and the contact portion has a dimension in a third direction, which intersects with the first and second directions, gradually increasing in the second direction toward the innermost of the slot. 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein
the scrape part is provided in each of the two beams, and the scrape parts are in parallel. 3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein
the contact portion has a first edge that is aligned with one of surfaces of the insulation-displacement terminal in the third direction and extends linearly. 4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein:
in the third direction, the contact portion has a first edge on one side and a second edge on another side; the first and second edges extend linearly; and the first and second edges are not aligned with surfaces of the insulation-displacement terminal in the third direction. 5. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein:
the contact portion has a second edge on an opposite side of the first edge in the third direction; the fix part has a ridge in each of the two beams; and the ridge is connected to the second edge and is rounded. 6. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein
the first edge is provided in each of the two beams on a same side in the third direction. 7. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein:
the first edge is provided in each of the two beams, and the first edges of the two beams are provided on different sides in the third direction. 8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein
the insulation-displacement terminal is arranged with an inclination with respect to a direction in which the electric wire extends. 9. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein:
in the third direction, the contact portion has a first edge on one side and a second edge on another side; and one of the first edge and the second edge linearly extends to an edge of the fix part. 10. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein,
in the third direction, the fix part has a dimension smaller than a dimension of the contact portion. 11. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein
the contact portion has a surface harder than a surface of the fix part. 12. An insulation-displacement terminal that configures, together with an electric wire, a connection unit of an electronic device, the electric wire including a conductor and an insulation coating on an outer periphery of the conductor, the insulation-displacement terminal comprising:
two beams that faces each other in a first direction to define a slot between the two beams, and is configured to receive the electric wire in the slot to have an electrical connection; an introduction part that defines an opening of the slot; a scrape part configured to scrape the insulation coating from the electric wire; and a fix part configured to fix the electric wire, wherein the introduction part, the scrape part, and the fix part are arranged in order along a second direction from the opening to an innermost of the slot; a dimension of the slot in the first direction is greater at the introduction part than the scrape part and the fix part; the scrape part includes a contact portion on an inner surface of each of the two beams and to be in contact with the electric wire when the electric wire is inserted into the slot; and the contact portion has a dimension in a third direction, which intersects with the first and second directions, gradually increasing in the second direction toward the innermost of the slot. 13. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 12, wherein
the scrape part is provided in each of the two beams, and the scrape parts are in parallel. 14. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 12, wherein
the contact portion has a first edge that is aligned with one of surfaces of the two beams in the third direction and extends linearly. 15. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 12, wherein:
in the third direction, the contact portion has a first edge on one side and a second edge on another side; the first and second edges extend linearly; and the first and second edges are not aligned with surfaces of the two beams in the third direction. 16. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 14, wherein:
the contact portion has a second edge on an opposite side of the first edge in the third direction; the fix part has a ridge in each of the two beams; and the ridge is connected to the second edge and is rounded. | An electronic device includes a connection unit. The connection unit includes an electric wire and an insulation-displacement terminal. The electric wire includes a conductor and an insulation coating on an outer periphery of the conductor. The insulation-displacement terminal includes two beams facing each other in a first direction to define a slot between the two beams, and receives the electric wire in the slot to have an electrical connection. The insulation-displacement terminal includes an introduction part defining an opening of the slot, a scrape part for scraping the insulation coating from the electric wire, and a fix part fixing the electric wire in order along a second direction from the opening to an innermost of the slot.1. An electronic device comprising:
a connection unit that includes an electric wire that includes a conductor and an insulation coating on an outer periphery of the conductor, and an insulation-displacement terminal that includes two beams facing each other in a first direction to define a slot between the two beams, and receives the electric wire in the slot to have an electrical connection, wherein: the insulation-displacement terminal includes an introduction part defining an opening of the slot, a scrape part for scraping the insulation coating from the electric wire, and a fix part fixing the electric wire in order along a second direction from the opening to an innermost of the slot; a dimension of the slot in the first direction is greater at the introduction part than the scrape part and the fix part; the scrape part includes a contact portion on an inner surface of each of the two beams and to be in contact with the electric wire when the electric wire is inserted into the slot; and the contact portion has a dimension in a third direction, which intersects with the first and second directions, gradually increasing in the second direction toward the innermost of the slot. 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein
the scrape part is provided in each of the two beams, and the scrape parts are in parallel. 3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein
the contact portion has a first edge that is aligned with one of surfaces of the insulation-displacement terminal in the third direction and extends linearly. 4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein:
in the third direction, the contact portion has a first edge on one side and a second edge on another side; the first and second edges extend linearly; and the first and second edges are not aligned with surfaces of the insulation-displacement terminal in the third direction. 5. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein:
the contact portion has a second edge on an opposite side of the first edge in the third direction; the fix part has a ridge in each of the two beams; and the ridge is connected to the second edge and is rounded. 6. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein
the first edge is provided in each of the two beams on a same side in the third direction. 7. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein:
the first edge is provided in each of the two beams, and the first edges of the two beams are provided on different sides in the third direction. 8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein
the insulation-displacement terminal is arranged with an inclination with respect to a direction in which the electric wire extends. 9. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein:
in the third direction, the contact portion has a first edge on one side and a second edge on another side; and one of the first edge and the second edge linearly extends to an edge of the fix part. 10. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein,
in the third direction, the fix part has a dimension smaller than a dimension of the contact portion. 11. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein
the contact portion has a surface harder than a surface of the fix part. 12. An insulation-displacement terminal that configures, together with an electric wire, a connection unit of an electronic device, the electric wire including a conductor and an insulation coating on an outer periphery of the conductor, the insulation-displacement terminal comprising:
two beams that faces each other in a first direction to define a slot between the two beams, and is configured to receive the electric wire in the slot to have an electrical connection; an introduction part that defines an opening of the slot; a scrape part configured to scrape the insulation coating from the electric wire; and a fix part configured to fix the electric wire, wherein the introduction part, the scrape part, and the fix part are arranged in order along a second direction from the opening to an innermost of the slot; a dimension of the slot in the first direction is greater at the introduction part than the scrape part and the fix part; the scrape part includes a contact portion on an inner surface of each of the two beams and to be in contact with the electric wire when the electric wire is inserted into the slot; and the contact portion has a dimension in a third direction, which intersects with the first and second directions, gradually increasing in the second direction toward the innermost of the slot. 13. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 12, wherein
the scrape part is provided in each of the two beams, and the scrape parts are in parallel. 14. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 12, wherein
the contact portion has a first edge that is aligned with one of surfaces of the two beams in the third direction and extends linearly. 15. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 12, wherein:
in the third direction, the contact portion has a first edge on one side and a second edge on another side; the first and second edges extend linearly; and the first and second edges are not aligned with surfaces of the two beams in the third direction. 16. The insulation-displacement terminal according to claim 14, wherein:
the contact portion has a second edge on an opposite side of the first edge in the third direction; the fix part has a ridge in each of the two beams; and the ridge is connected to the second edge and is rounded. | 3,700 |
346,643 | 16,805,099 | 3,783 | A venous access device includes a hub and a bifurcated cannula. The hub includes a bifurcated connecting arm, a blood sampling arm connected to the bifurcated connecting arm, a fluid transfer arm connected to the bifurcated connecting arm, a blood sampling channel and a fluid transfer channel. The blood sampling channel passes through the blood sampling arm and the bifurcated connecting arm. The fluid transfer channel passes through the fluid transfer arm and the bifurcated connecting arm. The bifurcated cannula is coupled to the bifurcated connecting arm and includes a blood sampling lumen having a blood sampling port, a fluid transfer lumen having a fluid transfer port, and a dividing member separating the blood sampling lumen from the fluid transfer lumen. The blood sampling port is 2 mm to 20 mm proximal from the fluid transfer port. The blood sampling channel is fluidly connected to the blood sampling lumen, and the fluid transfer channel is fluidly connected to the fluid transfer lumen. | 1-28. (canceled) 29. A method of obtaining a blood sample, comprising:
inserting a venous access device into a peripheral vein of a patient; and obtaining the blood sample from the patient through the venous access device; wherein the venous access device comprises
(a) a hub, having
(i) a bifurcated connecting arm,
(ii) a blood sampling arm, connected to the bifurcated connecting arm,
(iii) a fluid transfer arm, connected to the bifurcated connecting arm,
(iv) a blood sampling channel, passing through the blood sampling arm and the bifurcated connecting arm, and
(v) a fluid transfer channel, passing through the fluid transfer arm and the bifurcated connecting arm; and
(b) a bifurcated cannula, coupled to the bifurcated connecting arm, having
(i) a blood sampling lumen, having a blood sampling port,
(ii) a fluid transfer lumen, having a fluid transfer port, and
(iii) a dividing member, separating the blood sampling lumen from the fluid transfer lumen;
the blood sampling port is at least 15 mm proximal from the fluid transfer port,
the blood sampling channel is fluidly connected to the blood sampling lumen, and
the fluid transfer channel is fluidly connected to the fluid transfer lumen. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the blood sampling port is 15 mm to 20 mm proximal from the fluid transfer port,
the bifurcated cannula has a length of 20 to 75 millimeters, the bifurcated cannula is a 17 to 24 gauge cannula, the blood sampling channel is fluidly connected to the blood sampling lumen, and the fluid transfer channel is fluidly connected to the fluid transfer lumen. 31. The method of claim 29, further comprising performing a blood test with the blood sample obtained from the patient through the venous access device. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the blood test is selected from the group consisting of a blood glucose test, an amylase test, an antinuclear antibody (ANA) test, a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test, an international normalized ration (INR) test, a prothrombin time (PT) test, a hemoglobin A1C test, a basic metabolite panel (BMP), a complete blood count (CBC) test, a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), an electrolyte test, an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test, a flu test, a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test, an HIV antibody test, a lipid profile, a liver panel, a microalbumin test, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, and a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the blood test is a blood glucose test. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein the patient has diabetes. 35. The method of claim 29, wherein the patient is recovering from cardiac surgery. 36. The method of claim 29, wherein the obtaining occurs while the patient is sleeping. 37. The method of claim 29, further comprising transferring fluids into the patient through the venous access device,
wherein the obtaining occurs at the same time as the transferring. 38. The method of claim 29, wherein the peripheral vein is in an arm or a hand of the patient. 39. A method of treating a patient, comprising:
administering a fluid to the patient through a venous access device in a peripheral vein of the patient; and obtaining a blood sample from the patient through the venous access device; wherein the blood sample is not contaminated by the fluid. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the fluid comprises a medication or an electrolyte. 41. The method of claim 39, wherein the administering occurs at the same time as the obtaining. 42. The method of claim 39, wherein the peripheral vein is in an arm or a hand of the patient. 43. The method of claim 39, further comprising inserting the venous access device into the peripheral vein of the patient, before the obtaining. 44. A method of monitoring a patient with diabetes, comprising:
obtaining a plurality of blood samples from the patient through a venous access device in a peripheral vein of the patient; and performing a blood glucose test with the blood samples; wherein the obtaining does not comprise puncturing the skin of the patient. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the obtaining occurs while the patient is asleep, and
the patient does not wake up during the obtaining. 46. The method of claim 44, wherein the obtaining is performed at least 4 times in a 24-hour period. 47. The method of claim 44, wherein the peripheral vein is in an arm or a hand of the patient. 48. The method of claim 44, further comprising inserting the venous access device into the peripheral vein of the patient, before the obtaining. | A venous access device includes a hub and a bifurcated cannula. The hub includes a bifurcated connecting arm, a blood sampling arm connected to the bifurcated connecting arm, a fluid transfer arm connected to the bifurcated connecting arm, a blood sampling channel and a fluid transfer channel. The blood sampling channel passes through the blood sampling arm and the bifurcated connecting arm. The fluid transfer channel passes through the fluid transfer arm and the bifurcated connecting arm. The bifurcated cannula is coupled to the bifurcated connecting arm and includes a blood sampling lumen having a blood sampling port, a fluid transfer lumen having a fluid transfer port, and a dividing member separating the blood sampling lumen from the fluid transfer lumen. The blood sampling port is 2 mm to 20 mm proximal from the fluid transfer port. The blood sampling channel is fluidly connected to the blood sampling lumen, and the fluid transfer channel is fluidly connected to the fluid transfer lumen.1-28. (canceled) 29. A method of obtaining a blood sample, comprising:
inserting a venous access device into a peripheral vein of a patient; and obtaining the blood sample from the patient through the venous access device; wherein the venous access device comprises
(a) a hub, having
(i) a bifurcated connecting arm,
(ii) a blood sampling arm, connected to the bifurcated connecting arm,
(iii) a fluid transfer arm, connected to the bifurcated connecting arm,
(iv) a blood sampling channel, passing through the blood sampling arm and the bifurcated connecting arm, and
(v) a fluid transfer channel, passing through the fluid transfer arm and the bifurcated connecting arm; and
(b) a bifurcated cannula, coupled to the bifurcated connecting arm, having
(i) a blood sampling lumen, having a blood sampling port,
(ii) a fluid transfer lumen, having a fluid transfer port, and
(iii) a dividing member, separating the blood sampling lumen from the fluid transfer lumen;
the blood sampling port is at least 15 mm proximal from the fluid transfer port,
the blood sampling channel is fluidly connected to the blood sampling lumen, and
the fluid transfer channel is fluidly connected to the fluid transfer lumen. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the blood sampling port is 15 mm to 20 mm proximal from the fluid transfer port,
the bifurcated cannula has a length of 20 to 75 millimeters, the bifurcated cannula is a 17 to 24 gauge cannula, the blood sampling channel is fluidly connected to the blood sampling lumen, and the fluid transfer channel is fluidly connected to the fluid transfer lumen. 31. The method of claim 29, further comprising performing a blood test with the blood sample obtained from the patient through the venous access device. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the blood test is selected from the group consisting of a blood glucose test, an amylase test, an antinuclear antibody (ANA) test, a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test, an international normalized ration (INR) test, a prothrombin time (PT) test, a hemoglobin A1C test, a basic metabolite panel (BMP), a complete blood count (CBC) test, a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), an electrolyte test, an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test, a flu test, a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test, an HIV antibody test, a lipid profile, a liver panel, a microalbumin test, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, and a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the blood test is a blood glucose test. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein the patient has diabetes. 35. The method of claim 29, wherein the patient is recovering from cardiac surgery. 36. The method of claim 29, wherein the obtaining occurs while the patient is sleeping. 37. The method of claim 29, further comprising transferring fluids into the patient through the venous access device,
wherein the obtaining occurs at the same time as the transferring. 38. The method of claim 29, wherein the peripheral vein is in an arm or a hand of the patient. 39. A method of treating a patient, comprising:
administering a fluid to the patient through a venous access device in a peripheral vein of the patient; and obtaining a blood sample from the patient through the venous access device; wherein the blood sample is not contaminated by the fluid. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the fluid comprises a medication or an electrolyte. 41. The method of claim 39, wherein the administering occurs at the same time as the obtaining. 42. The method of claim 39, wherein the peripheral vein is in an arm or a hand of the patient. 43. The method of claim 39, further comprising inserting the venous access device into the peripheral vein of the patient, before the obtaining. 44. A method of monitoring a patient with diabetes, comprising:
obtaining a plurality of blood samples from the patient through a venous access device in a peripheral vein of the patient; and performing a blood glucose test with the blood samples; wherein the obtaining does not comprise puncturing the skin of the patient. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the obtaining occurs while the patient is asleep, and
the patient does not wake up during the obtaining. 46. The method of claim 44, wherein the obtaining is performed at least 4 times in a 24-hour period. 47. The method of claim 44, wherein the peripheral vein is in an arm or a hand of the patient. 48. The method of claim 44, further comprising inserting the venous access device into the peripheral vein of the patient, before the obtaining. | 3,700 |
346,644 | 16,805,075 | 3,783 | An object of the present invention is to provide a cell transplant device having an ability to induce angiogenesis around the cell transplant device, and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, a cell transplant device including a cell structure (A) that includes a plurality of biocompatible polymer blocks and a plurality of cells of at least one type, and in which at least one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is disposed in gaps between the plurality of cells; and an immunoisolation membrane (B) that encloses the cell structure is provided. | 1. A method for cell transplantation, which comprises transplanting, to a subject in need of angiogenesis, a cell transplant device including a cell structure (A) that has a plurality of biocompatible polymer blocks and a plurality of cells of at least one type, and in which at least one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is disposed in gaps between the plurality of cells; and an immunoisolation membrane (B) that encloses the cell structure. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a size of one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is 20 μm to 200 μm. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a biocompatible polymer in the biocompatible polymer block is cross-linked by heat, ultraviolet rays, or an enzyme. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the biocompatible polymer block is amorphous. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cell structure includes 0.0000001 μg to 1 μg of biocompatible polymer blocks per cell. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immunoisolation membrane is a porous membrane including a polymer. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein a minimum pore diameter of the porous membrane is 0.02 μm to 1.5 μm. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein a thickness of the porous membrane is 10 μm to 250 μm. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein, within an inner side of the porous membrane, a layered compact portion in which a pore diameter is minimized is present, and a pore diameter continuously increases in a thickness direction from the compact portion toward at least one surface of the porous membrane. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein a thickness of the compact portion is 0.5 μm to 30 μm. 11. The method according to claim 6, wherein a ratio of a maximum pore diameter to a minimum pore diameter of the porous membrane is 3.0 to 20.0. 12. The method according to claim 6, wherein the porous membrane contains at least one kind of polysulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone. | An object of the present invention is to provide a cell transplant device having an ability to induce angiogenesis around the cell transplant device, and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, a cell transplant device including a cell structure (A) that includes a plurality of biocompatible polymer blocks and a plurality of cells of at least one type, and in which at least one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is disposed in gaps between the plurality of cells; and an immunoisolation membrane (B) that encloses the cell structure is provided.1. A method for cell transplantation, which comprises transplanting, to a subject in need of angiogenesis, a cell transplant device including a cell structure (A) that has a plurality of biocompatible polymer blocks and a plurality of cells of at least one type, and in which at least one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is disposed in gaps between the plurality of cells; and an immunoisolation membrane (B) that encloses the cell structure. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a size of one of the biocompatible polymer blocks is 20 μm to 200 μm. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a biocompatible polymer in the biocompatible polymer block is cross-linked by heat, ultraviolet rays, or an enzyme. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the biocompatible polymer block is amorphous. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cell structure includes 0.0000001 μg to 1 μg of biocompatible polymer blocks per cell. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immunoisolation membrane is a porous membrane including a polymer. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein a minimum pore diameter of the porous membrane is 0.02 μm to 1.5 μm. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein a thickness of the porous membrane is 10 μm to 250 μm. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein, within an inner side of the porous membrane, a layered compact portion in which a pore diameter is minimized is present, and a pore diameter continuously increases in a thickness direction from the compact portion toward at least one surface of the porous membrane. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein a thickness of the compact portion is 0.5 μm to 30 μm. 11. The method according to claim 6, wherein a ratio of a maximum pore diameter to a minimum pore diameter of the porous membrane is 3.0 to 20.0. 12. The method according to claim 6, wherein the porous membrane contains at least one kind of polysulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone. | 3,700 |
346,645 | 16,805,106 | 3,783 | A massage device which allows a user to easily and effectively self-administer a neck and/or shoulder massage. The device includes a first post, a second post, a first base, a second base, a crossbar, and a foam roller. The crossbar is connected in between the first post and the second post. Additionally, the foam roller is rotatably mounted onto the crossbar so that the crossbar supports the weight of the user's head and neck while the user performs a foam rolling operation. That is, the foam roller rotates about the crossbar while the user performs the foam rolling operation. The first base and the second base are attached to the first post and the second post and support the massaging device in an orientation that facilitates performing the foam rolling operation. | 1. A personal massaging device comprising:
at least one first support post; at least one second support post; at least one first base; at least one second base; at least one crossbar; at least one foam roller; the first base being terminally attached to the first support post; the second base being terminally attached to the second support post; the crossbar being connected in between the first support post and the second support post; the crossbar being positioned offset from the first base across the first support post; the crossbar being positioned offset from the second base across the second support post; and the foam roller being rotatably mounted around the crossbar. 2. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the first support post and the second support post each comprising a first post, a second post, and an intermediary post connector;
the first post being terminally attached the intermediary post connector;
the second post being terminally attached the intermediary post connector;
the second post being positioned opposite to the first post, across the intermediary post connector;
the crossbar being terminally attached to the intermediary post connector of the first support post; and
the crossbar being terminally attached to the intermediary post connector of the second support post. 3. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 2 comprising:
the intermediary post connector comprising a first post coupler, a second post coupler, and a third post coupler;
the second post coupler being connected adjacent to the first post coupler;
the second post coupler being linearly aligned to the first post coupler;
the third post coupler being connected in between the first post coupler and the second post coupler;
the third post coupler being oriented perpendicular to the first post coupler and the second post coupler;
the first post engaging into the first post coupler;
the second post engaging into the post second coupler; and
the crossbar engaging into the third post coupler. 4. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the first base and the second base each comprising a plurality of legs and an intermediary base connector;
each of the plurality of legs being terminally attached to the intermediary base connector;
each of the plurality of legs being angularly offset from one another;
the intermediary base connector of the first base being connected in between the plurality of legs of the first base and the first support post; and
the intermediary base connector of the second base being connected in between the plurality of legs of the second base and the second support post. 5. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 4 comprising:
the intermediary base connector comprising a support coupler and a plurality of leg couplers;
the plurality of leg couplers being connected adjacent to the support coupler;
each of the plurality of leg couplers being angularly offset from the support coupler; and
each of the plurality of legs being terminally engaged into a corresponding coupler from the plurality of leg couplers. 6. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 4 comprising:
the first base and the second base each comprising a plurality of caps; and
each of the plurality of caps being terminally mounted onto a corresponding leg from the plurality of legs, opposite to the intermediary base coupler. 7. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a first handle; and
the first handle being terminally mounted onto the first support post, opposite to the first base. 8. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 7 comprising:
a first plurality of ergonomic ridges;
the first plurality of ergonomic ridges being laterally connected to the first handle; and
the first plurality of ergonomic ridges being distributed along the first handle. 9. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a second handle; and
the second handle being terminally mounted onto the second support post, opposite to the second base. 10. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 9 comprising:
a second plurality of ergonomic ridges;
the second plurality of ergonomic ridges being laterally connected to the second handle; and
the second plurality of ergonomic ridges being distributed along the second handle. 11. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the foam roller comprising a foam roll; a hole, and a slot;
the hole normally traversing through the foam roll;
the slot laterally traversing through the foam roll into the hole; and
the crossbar being rotatably engaged within the hole. | A massage device which allows a user to easily and effectively self-administer a neck and/or shoulder massage. The device includes a first post, a second post, a first base, a second base, a crossbar, and a foam roller. The crossbar is connected in between the first post and the second post. Additionally, the foam roller is rotatably mounted onto the crossbar so that the crossbar supports the weight of the user's head and neck while the user performs a foam rolling operation. That is, the foam roller rotates about the crossbar while the user performs the foam rolling operation. The first base and the second base are attached to the first post and the second post and support the massaging device in an orientation that facilitates performing the foam rolling operation.1. A personal massaging device comprising:
at least one first support post; at least one second support post; at least one first base; at least one second base; at least one crossbar; at least one foam roller; the first base being terminally attached to the first support post; the second base being terminally attached to the second support post; the crossbar being connected in between the first support post and the second support post; the crossbar being positioned offset from the first base across the first support post; the crossbar being positioned offset from the second base across the second support post; and the foam roller being rotatably mounted around the crossbar. 2. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the first support post and the second support post each comprising a first post, a second post, and an intermediary post connector;
the first post being terminally attached the intermediary post connector;
the second post being terminally attached the intermediary post connector;
the second post being positioned opposite to the first post, across the intermediary post connector;
the crossbar being terminally attached to the intermediary post connector of the first support post; and
the crossbar being terminally attached to the intermediary post connector of the second support post. 3. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 2 comprising:
the intermediary post connector comprising a first post coupler, a second post coupler, and a third post coupler;
the second post coupler being connected adjacent to the first post coupler;
the second post coupler being linearly aligned to the first post coupler;
the third post coupler being connected in between the first post coupler and the second post coupler;
the third post coupler being oriented perpendicular to the first post coupler and the second post coupler;
the first post engaging into the first post coupler;
the second post engaging into the post second coupler; and
the crossbar engaging into the third post coupler. 4. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the first base and the second base each comprising a plurality of legs and an intermediary base connector;
each of the plurality of legs being terminally attached to the intermediary base connector;
each of the plurality of legs being angularly offset from one another;
the intermediary base connector of the first base being connected in between the plurality of legs of the first base and the first support post; and
the intermediary base connector of the second base being connected in between the plurality of legs of the second base and the second support post. 5. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 4 comprising:
the intermediary base connector comprising a support coupler and a plurality of leg couplers;
the plurality of leg couplers being connected adjacent to the support coupler;
each of the plurality of leg couplers being angularly offset from the support coupler; and
each of the plurality of legs being terminally engaged into a corresponding coupler from the plurality of leg couplers. 6. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 4 comprising:
the first base and the second base each comprising a plurality of caps; and
each of the plurality of caps being terminally mounted onto a corresponding leg from the plurality of legs, opposite to the intermediary base coupler. 7. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a first handle; and
the first handle being terminally mounted onto the first support post, opposite to the first base. 8. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 7 comprising:
a first plurality of ergonomic ridges;
the first plurality of ergonomic ridges being laterally connected to the first handle; and
the first plurality of ergonomic ridges being distributed along the first handle. 9. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a second handle; and
the second handle being terminally mounted onto the second support post, opposite to the second base. 10. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 9 comprising:
a second plurality of ergonomic ridges;
the second plurality of ergonomic ridges being laterally connected to the second handle; and
the second plurality of ergonomic ridges being distributed along the second handle. 11. The personal massaging device as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
the foam roller comprising a foam roll; a hole, and a slot;
the hole normally traversing through the foam roll;
the slot laterally traversing through the foam roll into the hole; and
the crossbar being rotatably engaged within the hole. | 3,700 |
346,646 | 16,805,086 | 3,783 | A system and method of generating a player tracking prediction are described herein. A computing system retrieves a broadcast video feed for a sporting event. The computing system segments the broadcast video feed into a unified view. The computing system generates a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames. The computing system calibrates a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the body pose information. The computing system generates a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information. The computing system connects each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames. The computing system predicts a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. | 1. A method of generating a player tracking prediction, comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view, wherein the unified view comprises a plurality of trackable frames, the plurality of trackable frames is a subset of the plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames, wherein the plurality of data sets comprises playing surface segmentation information, ball tracking information, and body pose information for each player in each trackable frame; calibrating, by the computing system, a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information; connecting, by the computing system, each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames; and predicting, by the computing system, a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view comprises:
parsing the broadcast video feed to identify a first subset of video frames corresponding to a same view of the sporting event; and discarding a second subset of video frames corresponding to a different view of the sporting event. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
generating body pose information for each player in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
identifying a pattern of motion between two successive trackable frames by identifying players in each frame using the body pose information and removing, from each trackable frame, each player. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
identifying, in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames, playing surface markings using a trained neural network configured to identify the playing surface markings. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
retrieving the playing surface markings generated by the trained neural network; and comparing the playing surface markings to a template of playing surface markings to generate one or more keyframes. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein predicting, by the computing system, the future motion of the player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network comprises:
constructing player motion throughout the sporting event using the plurality of trackable frames, the body pose information, and the calibrated camera. 8. A system for generating a player tracking prediction, comprising:
a processor; and a memory having programming instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by the processor, performs one or more operations comprising:
retrieving a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames;
segmenting the broadcast video feed into a unified view, wherein the unified view comprises a plurality of trackable frames, the plurality of trackable frames is a subset of the plurality of video frames;
generating a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames, wherein the plurality of data sets comprises playing surface segmentation information, ball tracking information, and body pose information for each player in each trackable frame;
calibrating a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the body pose information;
generating a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information;
connecting each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames; and
predicting a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein segmenting the broadcast video feed into a unified view comprises:
parsing the broadcast video feed to identify a first subset of video frames corresponding to a same view of the sporting event; and discarding a second subset of video frames corresponding to a different view of the sporting event. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein generating the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
generating body pose information for each player in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein calibrating the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
identifying a pattern of motion between two successive trackable frames by identifying players in each frame using the body pose information and removing, from each trackable frame, each player. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein generating the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
identifying, in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames, playing surface markings using a trained neural network configured to identify the playing surface markings. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein calibrating the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
retrieving the playing surface markings generated by the trained neural network; and comparing the playing surface markings to a template of playing surface markings to generate one or more keyframes. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein predicting the future motion of the player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network comprises:
constructing player motion throughout the sporting event using the plurality of trackable frames, the body pose information, and the calibrated camera. 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium including one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, perform one or more operations comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view, wherein the unified view comprises a plurality of trackable frames, the plurality of trackable frames is a subset of the plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames, wherein the plurality of data sets comprises playing surface segmentation information, ball tracking information, and body pose information for each player in each trackable frame; calibrating, by the computing system, a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information; connecting, by the computing system, each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames; and predicting, by the computing system, a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. 16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view comprises:
parsing the broadcast video feed to identify a first subset of video frames corresponding to a same view of the sporting event; and discarding a second subset of video frames corresponding to a different view of the sporting event. 17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
generating body pose information for each player in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames. 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
identifying a pattern of motion between two successive trackable frames by identifying players in each frame using the body pose information and removing, from each trackable frame, each player. 19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
identifying, in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames, playing surface markings using a trained neural network configured to identify the playing surface markings. 20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
retrieving the playing surface markings generated by the trained neural network; and comparing the playing surface markings to a template of playing surface markings to generate one or more keyframes. | A system and method of generating a player tracking prediction are described herein. A computing system retrieves a broadcast video feed for a sporting event. The computing system segments the broadcast video feed into a unified view. The computing system generates a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames. The computing system calibrates a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the body pose information. The computing system generates a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information. The computing system connects each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames. The computing system predicts a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network.1. A method of generating a player tracking prediction, comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view, wherein the unified view comprises a plurality of trackable frames, the plurality of trackable frames is a subset of the plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames, wherein the plurality of data sets comprises playing surface segmentation information, ball tracking information, and body pose information for each player in each trackable frame; calibrating, by the computing system, a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information; connecting, by the computing system, each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames; and predicting, by the computing system, a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view comprises:
parsing the broadcast video feed to identify a first subset of video frames corresponding to a same view of the sporting event; and discarding a second subset of video frames corresponding to a different view of the sporting event. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
generating body pose information for each player in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
identifying a pattern of motion between two successive trackable frames by identifying players in each frame using the body pose information and removing, from each trackable frame, each player. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
identifying, in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames, playing surface markings using a trained neural network configured to identify the playing surface markings. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
retrieving the playing surface markings generated by the trained neural network; and comparing the playing surface markings to a template of playing surface markings to generate one or more keyframes. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein predicting, by the computing system, the future motion of the player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network comprises:
constructing player motion throughout the sporting event using the plurality of trackable frames, the body pose information, and the calibrated camera. 8. A system for generating a player tracking prediction, comprising:
a processor; and a memory having programming instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by the processor, performs one or more operations comprising:
retrieving a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames;
segmenting the broadcast video feed into a unified view, wherein the unified view comprises a plurality of trackable frames, the plurality of trackable frames is a subset of the plurality of video frames;
generating a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames, wherein the plurality of data sets comprises playing surface segmentation information, ball tracking information, and body pose information for each player in each trackable frame;
calibrating a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the body pose information;
generating a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information;
connecting each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames; and
predicting a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein segmenting the broadcast video feed into a unified view comprises:
parsing the broadcast video feed to identify a first subset of video frames corresponding to a same view of the sporting event; and discarding a second subset of video frames corresponding to a different view of the sporting event. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein generating the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
generating body pose information for each player in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein calibrating the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
identifying a pattern of motion between two successive trackable frames by identifying players in each frame using the body pose information and removing, from each trackable frame, each player. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein generating the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
identifying, in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames, playing surface markings using a trained neural network configured to identify the playing surface markings. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein calibrating the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
retrieving the playing surface markings generated by the trained neural network; and comparing the playing surface markings to a template of playing surface markings to generate one or more keyframes. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein predicting the future motion of the player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network comprises:
constructing player motion throughout the sporting event using the plurality of trackable frames, the body pose information, and the calibrated camera. 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium including one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, perform one or more operations comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view, wherein the unified view comprises a plurality of trackable frames, the plurality of trackable frames is a subset of the plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames, wherein the plurality of data sets comprises playing surface segmentation information, ball tracking information, and body pose information for each player in each trackable frame; calibrating, by the computing system, a camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information; generating, by the computing system, a plurality of sets of short tracklets based on the plurality of trackable frames and the body pose information; connecting, by the computing system, each set of short tracklets by generating a motion field vector for each player in the plurality of trackable frames; and predicting, by the computing system, a future motion of a player based on the player's motion field vector using a neural network. 16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein segmenting, by the computing system, the broadcast video feed into a unified view comprises:
parsing the broadcast video feed to identify a first subset of video frames corresponding to a same view of the sporting event; and discarding a second subset of video frames corresponding to a different view of the sporting event. 17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
generating body pose information for each player in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames. 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
identifying a pattern of motion between two successive trackable frames by identifying players in each frame using the body pose information and removing, from each trackable frame, each player. 19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating, by the computing system, the plurality of data sets based on the plurality of trackable frames comprises:
identifying, in each trackable frame of the plurality of trackable frames, playing surface markings using a trained neural network configured to identify the playing surface markings. 20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein calibrating, by the computing system, the camera associated with each trackable frame based on the playing surface segmentation information and the body pose information comprises:
retrieving the playing surface markings generated by the trained neural network; and comparing the playing surface markings to a template of playing surface markings to generate one or more keyframes. | 3,700 |
346,647 | 16,805,124 | 3,783 | Systems and methods for evaluating artificial intelligence applications with seamlessly embedded features in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes an AI evaluation system including a plurality of collection servers, an AI evaluation server connected to the plurality of collection servers, including at least one processor and a memory, containing an AI evaluation application that directs the processor to obtain a plurality of ground truth data from the plurality of collection servers, where the ground truth data includes a plurality of image and annotation pairs, generate a first plurality of outputs by providing a first AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, compare the first plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, generate a first ranking metric of the first AI system based on the comparison, and store the first ranking metric in a database. | 1. An AI evaluation system comprising:
a plurality of collection servers; an AI evaluation server connected to the plurality of collection servers, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory, containing an AI evaluation application that directs the processor to:
obtain a plurality of ground truth data from the plurality of collection servers, where the ground truth data comprises a plurality of image and annotation pairs;
generate a first plurality of outputs by providing a first AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs;
compare the first plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs;
generate a first ranking metric of the first AI system based on the comparison; and
store the first ranking metric in a database. 2. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, where the AI evaluation application further directs the processor to:
generate a second plurality of outputs by providing a second AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs; compare the second plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs; generate a second ranking metric of the second AI system based on the comparison; store the second ranking metric in the database; and recommend an AI system for a particular purpose based on the ranking metrics in the database in response to a query. 3. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein images in the plurality of image and annotation pairs are radiology images. 4. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the ground truth data conforms to the Annotation and Image Markup (AIM) file standard. 5. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein collection servers in the plurality of collection servers are hospital servers. 6. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the ground truth data is deidentified. 7. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair identifies whether a disease indicator is present in an image in the image and annotation pair. 8. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair is the output of the first AI system and an agree/disagree indicator by a radiologist of the output of the first AI system. 9. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the ground truth data is divided into different classifications by image type. 10. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, further comprising an input device connected to at least one collection server in the plurality of collection servers, where the input device is running the ePAD application. 11. A method of evaluating AI comprising:
obtaining a plurality of ground truth data from a plurality of collection servers, where the ground truth data comprises a plurality of image and annotation pairs, using an AI evaluation server; generating a first plurality of outputs by providing a first AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; comparing the first plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; generating a first ranking metric of the first AI system based on the comparison, using the AI evaluation server; and storing the first ranking metric in a database, using the AI evaluation server. 12. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, further comprising:
generating a second plurality of outputs by providing a second AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; comparing the second plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; generating a second ranking metric of the second AI system based on the comparison, using the AI evaluation server; storing the second ranking metric in the database, using the AI evaluation server; and recommending an AI system for a particular purpose based on the ranking metrics in the database in response to a query, using the AI evaluation server. 13. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein images in the plurality of image and annotation pairs are radiology images. 14. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein the ground truth data conforms to the Annotation and Image Markup (AIM) file standard. 15. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein collection servers in the plurality of collection servers are hospital servers. 16. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein the ground truth data is deidentified. 17. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair identifies whether a disease indicator is present in an image in the image and annotation pair. 18. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair is the output of the first AI system and an agree/disagree indicator by a radiologist of the output of the first AI system. 19. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein the ground truth data is divided into different classifications by image type. 20. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, further comprising receiving ground truth data using an input device connected to at least one collection server in the plurality of collection servers, where the input device is running the ePAD application. | Systems and methods for evaluating artificial intelligence applications with seamlessly embedded features in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes an AI evaluation system including a plurality of collection servers, an AI evaluation server connected to the plurality of collection servers, including at least one processor and a memory, containing an AI evaluation application that directs the processor to obtain a plurality of ground truth data from the plurality of collection servers, where the ground truth data includes a plurality of image and annotation pairs, generate a first plurality of outputs by providing a first AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, compare the first plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, generate a first ranking metric of the first AI system based on the comparison, and store the first ranking metric in a database.1. An AI evaluation system comprising:
a plurality of collection servers; an AI evaluation server connected to the plurality of collection servers, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory, containing an AI evaluation application that directs the processor to:
obtain a plurality of ground truth data from the plurality of collection servers, where the ground truth data comprises a plurality of image and annotation pairs;
generate a first plurality of outputs by providing a first AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs;
compare the first plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs;
generate a first ranking metric of the first AI system based on the comparison; and
store the first ranking metric in a database. 2. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, where the AI evaluation application further directs the processor to:
generate a second plurality of outputs by providing a second AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs; compare the second plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs; generate a second ranking metric of the second AI system based on the comparison; store the second ranking metric in the database; and recommend an AI system for a particular purpose based on the ranking metrics in the database in response to a query. 3. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein images in the plurality of image and annotation pairs are radiology images. 4. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the ground truth data conforms to the Annotation and Image Markup (AIM) file standard. 5. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein collection servers in the plurality of collection servers are hospital servers. 6. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the ground truth data is deidentified. 7. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair identifies whether a disease indicator is present in an image in the image and annotation pair. 8. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair is the output of the first AI system and an agree/disagree indicator by a radiologist of the output of the first AI system. 9. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the ground truth data is divided into different classifications by image type. 10. The AI evaluation system of claim 1, further comprising an input device connected to at least one collection server in the plurality of collection servers, where the input device is running the ePAD application. 11. A method of evaluating AI comprising:
obtaining a plurality of ground truth data from a plurality of collection servers, where the ground truth data comprises a plurality of image and annotation pairs, using an AI evaluation server; generating a first plurality of outputs by providing a first AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; comparing the first plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; generating a first ranking metric of the first AI system based on the comparison, using the AI evaluation server; and storing the first ranking metric in a database, using the AI evaluation server. 12. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, further comprising:
generating a second plurality of outputs by providing a second AI system with images from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; comparing the second plurality of outputs with annotations from the plurality of image and annotation pairs, using the AI evaluation server; generating a second ranking metric of the second AI system based on the comparison, using the AI evaluation server; storing the second ranking metric in the database, using the AI evaluation server; and recommending an AI system for a particular purpose based on the ranking metrics in the database in response to a query, using the AI evaluation server. 13. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein images in the plurality of image and annotation pairs are radiology images. 14. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein the ground truth data conforms to the Annotation and Image Markup (AIM) file standard. 15. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein collection servers in the plurality of collection servers are hospital servers. 16. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein the ground truth data is deidentified. 17. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair identifies whether a disease indicator is present in an image in the image and annotation pair. 18. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein an annotation of an image and annotation pair is the output of the first AI system and an agree/disagree indicator by a radiologist of the output of the first AI system. 19. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, wherein the ground truth data is divided into different classifications by image type. 20. The method of evaluating AI systems of claim 11, further comprising receiving ground truth data using an input device connected to at least one collection server in the plurality of collection servers, where the input device is running the ePAD application. | 3,700 |
346,648 | 16,805,070 | 3,783 | A light modulator for amplifying an intensity of incident light and modulating a phase of the incident light is provided. The light modulator includes: a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer having a first reflectivity and comprising at least two first refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; a second DBR layer having a second reflectivity and comprising at least two second refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; and an active layer disposed between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer, and comprising a quantum well structure. | 1. A light modulator for amplifying an intensity of incident light and modulating a phase of the incident light, the light modulator comprising:
a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer having a first reflectivity and comprising at least two first refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; a second DBR layer having a second reflectivity and comprising at least two second refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; and an active layer disposed between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer, and comprising a quantum well structure, wherein at least one quantum dot is provided in the quantum well structure. 2. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure comprises at least one quantum dot that has a single gain satisfying Gs{circumflex over ( )}2*Rf*Rb<1, and
wherein Gs, Rf, and Rb denote the single gain, the second reflectivity, and the first reflectivity. 3. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure comprises at least one quantum dot that has a single gain satisfying Gs{circumflex over ( )}2>1/Rb, and
wherein Gs, Rf, and Rb denote the single gale, the second reflectivity, and the first reflectivity. 4. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure comprises a well layer and a barrier layer, and the well layer comprises a plurality of quantum dots. 5. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein
the active layer comprises a plurality of stack structures, and each of the plurality of stack structures comprises a well layer and a barrier layer that are alternately stacked. 6. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the active layer comprises
a first multi-stack structure having a first plurality of stack structures and a second multi-stack structure having a second plurality of stack structures. 7. The light modulator of claim 6, further comprising a barrier layer between the first multi-stack structure and the second multi-stack structure. 8. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure of the active layer comprises a first multi-stack structure and a second multi-stack structure,
wherein each of the first multi-stack structure and the second multi-stack structure comprises a well layer and a first barrier layer which are alternatively stacked, wherein the light modulator further comprises a second barrier layer disposed between the first multi-stack structure and the second multi-stack structure, and wherein a thickness of the second barrier layer is greater than a thickness of the first barrier layer. 9. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure of the active layer comprise at least one quantum dot, and a band gap energy of the at least one quantum dot is equal to an energy of the incident light. 10. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the active layer has a saturation gain at an applied current having a value greater than or equal to a predetermined value. 11. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the first reflectivity is greater than the second reflectivity. 12. The light modulator of claim 1, further comprising a processor configured to separately modulate a refractive index and a gain of the active layer by applying a current between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer. 13. The light modulator of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of meta structures disposed on the second DBR layer. 14. The light modulator of claim 13, wherein at least two of the plurality of meta structures have different refractive indices from each other. 15. The light modulator of claim 1, further comprising a first contact layer disposed on the first DBR layer and a second contact layer disposed on the second DBR layer. 16. A beam steering device comprising:
a light modulator array comprising a plurality of light modulators comprising the light modulator of claim 1, the plurality of light modulators having a same structure; and a control circuit configured to separately control refractive indices of the plurality of light modulators. 17. The beam steering device of claim 16, wherein the plurality of light modulators have a same quantum dot distribution density. 18. The beam steering device of claim 16, wherein the control circuit comprises a plurality of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices each being connected to two adjacent light modulators of the plurality of light modulators. 19. An electronic device comprising:
a light source; the beam steering device of claim 16, which is configured to modulate a proceeding direction of the light incident from the light source toward an object; a sensor configured to receive the light that is reflected from the object; and a processor configured to analyze the light received by the sensor. 20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein the at least one quantum dot has a single gain satisfying 1/Rb<Gs{circumflex over ( )}2<1/(Rf*Rb), and
wherein Gs, Rb, and Rf denote the single gain, the first reflectivity, and the second reflectivity. | A light modulator for amplifying an intensity of incident light and modulating a phase of the incident light is provided. The light modulator includes: a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer having a first reflectivity and comprising at least two first refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; a second DBR layer having a second reflectivity and comprising at least two second refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; and an active layer disposed between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer, and comprising a quantum well structure.1. A light modulator for amplifying an intensity of incident light and modulating a phase of the incident light, the light modulator comprising:
a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer having a first reflectivity and comprising at least two first refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; a second DBR layer having a second reflectivity and comprising at least two second refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; and an active layer disposed between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer, and comprising a quantum well structure, wherein at least one quantum dot is provided in the quantum well structure. 2. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure comprises at least one quantum dot that has a single gain satisfying Gs{circumflex over ( )}2*Rf*Rb<1, and
wherein Gs, Rf, and Rb denote the single gain, the second reflectivity, and the first reflectivity. 3. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure comprises at least one quantum dot that has a single gain satisfying Gs{circumflex over ( )}2>1/Rb, and
wherein Gs, Rf, and Rb denote the single gale, the second reflectivity, and the first reflectivity. 4. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure comprises a well layer and a barrier layer, and the well layer comprises a plurality of quantum dots. 5. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein
the active layer comprises a plurality of stack structures, and each of the plurality of stack structures comprises a well layer and a barrier layer that are alternately stacked. 6. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the active layer comprises
a first multi-stack structure having a first plurality of stack structures and a second multi-stack structure having a second plurality of stack structures. 7. The light modulator of claim 6, further comprising a barrier layer between the first multi-stack structure and the second multi-stack structure. 8. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure of the active layer comprises a first multi-stack structure and a second multi-stack structure,
wherein each of the first multi-stack structure and the second multi-stack structure comprises a well layer and a first barrier layer which are alternatively stacked, wherein the light modulator further comprises a second barrier layer disposed between the first multi-stack structure and the second multi-stack structure, and wherein a thickness of the second barrier layer is greater than a thickness of the first barrier layer. 9. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the quantum well structure of the active layer comprise at least one quantum dot, and a band gap energy of the at least one quantum dot is equal to an energy of the incident light. 10. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the active layer has a saturation gain at an applied current having a value greater than or equal to a predetermined value. 11. The light modulator of claim 1, wherein the first reflectivity is greater than the second reflectivity. 12. The light modulator of claim 1, further comprising a processor configured to separately modulate a refractive index and a gain of the active layer by applying a current between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer. 13. The light modulator of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of meta structures disposed on the second DBR layer. 14. The light modulator of claim 13, wherein at least two of the plurality of meta structures have different refractive indices from each other. 15. The light modulator of claim 1, further comprising a first contact layer disposed on the first DBR layer and a second contact layer disposed on the second DBR layer. 16. A beam steering device comprising:
a light modulator array comprising a plurality of light modulators comprising the light modulator of claim 1, the plurality of light modulators having a same structure; and a control circuit configured to separately control refractive indices of the plurality of light modulators. 17. The beam steering device of claim 16, wherein the plurality of light modulators have a same quantum dot distribution density. 18. The beam steering device of claim 16, wherein the control circuit comprises a plurality of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices each being connected to two adjacent light modulators of the plurality of light modulators. 19. An electronic device comprising:
a light source; the beam steering device of claim 16, which is configured to modulate a proceeding direction of the light incident from the light source toward an object; a sensor configured to receive the light that is reflected from the object; and a processor configured to analyze the light received by the sensor. 20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein the at least one quantum dot has a single gain satisfying 1/Rb<Gs{circumflex over ( )}2<1/(Rf*Rb), and
wherein Gs, Rb, and Rf denote the single gain, the first reflectivity, and the second reflectivity. | 3,700 |
346,649 | 16,805,109 | 3,783 | Kinematic mounts are used frequently to hold objects such as mirrors, lenses, and other optical equipment. To adjust kinematic mounts, adjustment mechanisms are often required. Adjustment mechanisms can be used to make fine adjustments in applications where precision is required (e.g., laser system prototyping). Kinematic mounts that include never-before implemented form factors and structural elements require new adjustment solutions, and those solutions are described in this application. Adjustment mechanisms described in this application include a main body, a control frame, and control screws to adjust the orientation of the control frame. The control frame is coupled with a kinematic mount's housing, which rotates about a center of curvature of a bottom surface of the housing. | 1. A kinematic mount adjustment mechanism comprising:
a main body having a mounting frame; a control frame; a first control screw that contacts a main body surface at an end of the first control screw; a second control screw oriented orthogonally to the first control screw and that contacts a mounting frame surface at an end of the second control screw; wherein the mounting frame surface is orthogonal to the main body surface; wherein the first control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a first screw harness that is coupled with the control frame; and wherein the second control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a second screw harness that is also coupled with the control frame. 2. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the control frame is configured to couple with a kinematic mount. 3. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the first and second screw harnesses include internal threading. 4. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a first spring and a second spring, wherein the first spring pulls the control frame toward the main body and wherein the second spring pulls the control frame toward a second spring mount that is affixed to the main body. 5. The adjustment mechanism of claim 4, wherein the first spring is oriented to affect movement caused by turning the first control screw. 6. The adjustment mechanism of claim 4, wherein the second spring is oriented to affect movement caused by turning the second control screw. 7. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the main body surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the first control screw to move within upon turning the second control screw. 8. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the mounting frame surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the second control screw to move within upon turning the first control screw. 9. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the first screw harness is moveably coupled with the control frame. 10. A kinematic mount adjustment mechanism comprising:
a main body having a mounting frame; a control frame; a first control screw that contacts a main body surface at an end of the first control screw; a second control screw oriented orthogonally to the first control screw and that contacts a mounting frame surface at an end of the second control screw; wherein the mounting frame surface is orthogonal to the main body surface; wherein the first control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a first screw harness that is coupled with the control frame; wherein the second control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a second screw harness that is also coupled with the control frame; a first spring that couples with the control frame and with a first spring mount such that the first spring pulls the control frame toward the main body; and a second spring that couples with the control frame and with a second spring mount that is affixed to the main body such that the second spring pulls the control frame toward the second spring mount. 11. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the control frame is configured to couple with a kinematic mount. 12. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the first and second screw harnesses include internal threading. 13. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the main body surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the first control screw to move within upon turning the second control screw. 14. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the mounting frame surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the second control screw to move within upon turning the first control screw. 15. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the first screw harness is moveably coupled with the control frame. 16. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, further comprising a countersunk cutout in the main body to facilitate mounting the main body to a surface. | Kinematic mounts are used frequently to hold objects such as mirrors, lenses, and other optical equipment. To adjust kinematic mounts, adjustment mechanisms are often required. Adjustment mechanisms can be used to make fine adjustments in applications where precision is required (e.g., laser system prototyping). Kinematic mounts that include never-before implemented form factors and structural elements require new adjustment solutions, and those solutions are described in this application. Adjustment mechanisms described in this application include a main body, a control frame, and control screws to adjust the orientation of the control frame. The control frame is coupled with a kinematic mount's housing, which rotates about a center of curvature of a bottom surface of the housing.1. A kinematic mount adjustment mechanism comprising:
a main body having a mounting frame; a control frame; a first control screw that contacts a main body surface at an end of the first control screw; a second control screw oriented orthogonally to the first control screw and that contacts a mounting frame surface at an end of the second control screw; wherein the mounting frame surface is orthogonal to the main body surface; wherein the first control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a first screw harness that is coupled with the control frame; and wherein the second control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a second screw harness that is also coupled with the control frame. 2. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the control frame is configured to couple with a kinematic mount. 3. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the first and second screw harnesses include internal threading. 4. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a first spring and a second spring, wherein the first spring pulls the control frame toward the main body and wherein the second spring pulls the control frame toward a second spring mount that is affixed to the main body. 5. The adjustment mechanism of claim 4, wherein the first spring is oriented to affect movement caused by turning the first control screw. 6. The adjustment mechanism of claim 4, wherein the second spring is oriented to affect movement caused by turning the second control screw. 7. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the main body surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the first control screw to move within upon turning the second control screw. 8. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the mounting frame surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the second control screw to move within upon turning the first control screw. 9. The adjustment mechanism of claim 1, wherein the first screw harness is moveably coupled with the control frame. 10. A kinematic mount adjustment mechanism comprising:
a main body having a mounting frame; a control frame; a first control screw that contacts a main body surface at an end of the first control screw; a second control screw oriented orthogonally to the first control screw and that contacts a mounting frame surface at an end of the second control screw; wherein the mounting frame surface is orthogonal to the main body surface; wherein the first control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a first screw harness that is coupled with the control frame; wherein the second control screw couples with the control frame by passing through a second screw harness that is also coupled with the control frame; a first spring that couples with the control frame and with a first spring mount such that the first spring pulls the control frame toward the main body; and a second spring that couples with the control frame and with a second spring mount that is affixed to the main body such that the second spring pulls the control frame toward the second spring mount. 11. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the control frame is configured to couple with a kinematic mount. 12. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the first and second screw harnesses include internal threading. 13. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the main body surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the first control screw to move within upon turning the second control screw. 14. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the mounting frame surface comprises an elongated divot for the end of the second control screw to move within upon turning the first control screw. 15. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, wherein the first screw harness is moveably coupled with the control frame. 16. The adjustment mechanism of claim 10, further comprising a countersunk cutout in the main body to facilitate mounting the main body to a surface. | 3,700 |
346,650 | 16,805,054 | 3,783 | A system and method for synchronizing patient medical parameters and dialysis parameters. The system and related method allow for the determination of the effect of dialysis on patient health. The invention also allows for the determination of whether observed patient health effects are due to specific dialysis parameters and for making necessary changes to the dialysis parameters in order to improve patient health. | 1-6. (canceled) 7. A medical monitoring system, comprising:
a medical device comprising one or more sensors configured to sense at least one medical parameter; an input configured to receive at least one parameter of a dialysis session; a processor in electronic communication with the medical device and the input configured to obtain the data from the medical device and the input, and to synchronize the data from the medical device and the input; and an output configured to output the at least one medical parameter and the at least one parameter of a dialysis session, wherein the output is configured to display the at least one medical parameter and at least one parameter of a dialysis session simultaneously; wherein the system is programmed to determine whether an arrhythmia is due to any one of fluid management, electrolyte management, or both fluid management and electrolyte management. 8. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the system provides an electronic-mediated communication to a medical server based on whether the arrhythmia is due to fluid management, electrolyte management, or both fluid management and electrolyte management. 9. The medical monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the at least one medical parameter includes arrhythmia information; wherein the arrhythmia information comprises at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia timing, arrhythmia duration, arrhythmia rate, arrhythmia burden, and arrhythmia type. 10. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the output comprises a chart showing at least one medical parameter and at least one dialysis parameter on the same chart, and wherein the medical device is configured to continuously monitor the at least one medical parameter. 11. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the medical device is an implantable medical device and wherein the at least one parameter of a dialysis session is selected from the group consisting of an occurrence of dialysis, dialysis initiation time, a dialysis time length, and a dialysis session prescription. 12. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the output shows the at least one medical parameter for a preset time before a dialysis session, during the dialysis session and for a preset time after the dialysis session. 13. The medical monitoring system of claim 12, wherein a user can select the preset time before the dialysis session and the preset time after the dialysis session. 14. The medical monitoring system of claim 12, wherein the preset period is selected from between: 1 hour-1 year, 1-2 hours, 1 hour-1 day, 4 hours-7 days, 1 day-1 month, 7 days-30 days, 30 days-6 months, or 4 months-1 year. 15. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the output shows the at least one medical parameter for a period of time including multiple dialysis sessions and wherein the input is configured to automatically receive the at least one parameter of a dialysis session. 16. The medical monitoring system of claim 15, wherein the input is configured to receive the at least one parameter of a dialysis session from a dialysis machine or a device in communication with a dialysis machine. 17. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, further comprising an interface, wherein the interface is configured to allow for input of at least one parameter of a dialysis session. 18-23. (canceled) 24. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor is further programmed to use an algorithm to determine a total hazard estimate of a ventricular arrhythmia based on the at least one medical parameter, wherein the algorithm, for each of the at least one medical parameters, calculates an individual hazard estimate given by y1(t)=h1(t)⊗x1(t), wherein h1(t)=k1ek 2 t, t is time, y1(t) is the individual hazard estimate at time t, k1 and k2 are constants for the given parameter, x1(t) is the medical parameter at time t, and ⊗ is a convolution operator; and wherein the total hazard estimate is either a linear or nonlinear summation of individual hazard estimates. 25. The medical monitoring system of claim 24, wherein the algorithm utilizes an adaptive filter to alter each of the constants periodically. 26. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to receive fluid management data and electrolyte management data, and the system comprises a transmitter configured to provide an electronic-mediated communication to a medical server to adjust the frequency of measurements of the at least one or more medical parameters in response to the fluid or electrolyte management data. 27. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the system is programmed to determine whether the arrhythmia is due to fluid management by one or both of:
comparing a fluid level of a patient to a fluid level of the patient before, during or after previous dialysis sessions, wherein the previous dialysis sessions did not result in arrhythmia; and comparing the rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a dialysis session within a set time period of the arrhythmia to a rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a previous dialysis session of the patient, wherein the previous dialysis session did not result in arrhythmia. 28. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor is programmed to adjust a measurement frequency of the at least one medical parameter based on any one or more of: an occurrence of arrhythmia, patient fluid level, post-dialysis weight, pre-dialysis weight, or a time duration of arrhythmia. 29. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor provides an electronic-mediated communication to a medical server to adjust monitoring; and wherein the at least one medical parameter is selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia information, heart rate, fluid level, blood ion levels, and blood pressure, post-dialysis weight, and pre-dialysis weight. 30. The medical monitoring system of claim 29, wherein the at least one medical parameter includes arrhythmia information; wherein the arrhythmia information comprises at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia timing, arrhythmia duration, arrhythmia rate, arrhythmia burden, and arrhythmia type. 31. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein, if the system determines that an arrhythmia is due to fluid management, the system determines a new ultrafiltration rate or ultrafiltration magnitude for a patient. 32. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein, if the system determines that an arrhythmia is due to electrolyte management, the system determines a new concentration of one or more electrolytes in a dialysate for a patient. | A system and method for synchronizing patient medical parameters and dialysis parameters. The system and related method allow for the determination of the effect of dialysis on patient health. The invention also allows for the determination of whether observed patient health effects are due to specific dialysis parameters and for making necessary changes to the dialysis parameters in order to improve patient health.1-6. (canceled) 7. A medical monitoring system, comprising:
a medical device comprising one or more sensors configured to sense at least one medical parameter; an input configured to receive at least one parameter of a dialysis session; a processor in electronic communication with the medical device and the input configured to obtain the data from the medical device and the input, and to synchronize the data from the medical device and the input; and an output configured to output the at least one medical parameter and the at least one parameter of a dialysis session, wherein the output is configured to display the at least one medical parameter and at least one parameter of a dialysis session simultaneously; wherein the system is programmed to determine whether an arrhythmia is due to any one of fluid management, electrolyte management, or both fluid management and electrolyte management. 8. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the system provides an electronic-mediated communication to a medical server based on whether the arrhythmia is due to fluid management, electrolyte management, or both fluid management and electrolyte management. 9. The medical monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the at least one medical parameter includes arrhythmia information; wherein the arrhythmia information comprises at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia timing, arrhythmia duration, arrhythmia rate, arrhythmia burden, and arrhythmia type. 10. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the output comprises a chart showing at least one medical parameter and at least one dialysis parameter on the same chart, and wherein the medical device is configured to continuously monitor the at least one medical parameter. 11. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the medical device is an implantable medical device and wherein the at least one parameter of a dialysis session is selected from the group consisting of an occurrence of dialysis, dialysis initiation time, a dialysis time length, and a dialysis session prescription. 12. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the output shows the at least one medical parameter for a preset time before a dialysis session, during the dialysis session and for a preset time after the dialysis session. 13. The medical monitoring system of claim 12, wherein a user can select the preset time before the dialysis session and the preset time after the dialysis session. 14. The medical monitoring system of claim 12, wherein the preset period is selected from between: 1 hour-1 year, 1-2 hours, 1 hour-1 day, 4 hours-7 days, 1 day-1 month, 7 days-30 days, 30 days-6 months, or 4 months-1 year. 15. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the output shows the at least one medical parameter for a period of time including multiple dialysis sessions and wherein the input is configured to automatically receive the at least one parameter of a dialysis session. 16. The medical monitoring system of claim 15, wherein the input is configured to receive the at least one parameter of a dialysis session from a dialysis machine or a device in communication with a dialysis machine. 17. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, further comprising an interface, wherein the interface is configured to allow for input of at least one parameter of a dialysis session. 18-23. (canceled) 24. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor is further programmed to use an algorithm to determine a total hazard estimate of a ventricular arrhythmia based on the at least one medical parameter, wherein the algorithm, for each of the at least one medical parameters, calculates an individual hazard estimate given by y1(t)=h1(t)⊗x1(t), wherein h1(t)=k1ek 2 t, t is time, y1(t) is the individual hazard estimate at time t, k1 and k2 are constants for the given parameter, x1(t) is the medical parameter at time t, and ⊗ is a convolution operator; and wherein the total hazard estimate is either a linear or nonlinear summation of individual hazard estimates. 25. The medical monitoring system of claim 24, wherein the algorithm utilizes an adaptive filter to alter each of the constants periodically. 26. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to receive fluid management data and electrolyte management data, and the system comprises a transmitter configured to provide an electronic-mediated communication to a medical server to adjust the frequency of measurements of the at least one or more medical parameters in response to the fluid or electrolyte management data. 27. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the system is programmed to determine whether the arrhythmia is due to fluid management by one or both of:
comparing a fluid level of a patient to a fluid level of the patient before, during or after previous dialysis sessions, wherein the previous dialysis sessions did not result in arrhythmia; and comparing the rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a dialysis session within a set time period of the arrhythmia to a rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a previous dialysis session of the patient, wherein the previous dialysis session did not result in arrhythmia. 28. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor is programmed to adjust a measurement frequency of the at least one medical parameter based on any one or more of: an occurrence of arrhythmia, patient fluid level, post-dialysis weight, pre-dialysis weight, or a time duration of arrhythmia. 29. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processor provides an electronic-mediated communication to a medical server to adjust monitoring; and wherein the at least one medical parameter is selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia information, heart rate, fluid level, blood ion levels, and blood pressure, post-dialysis weight, and pre-dialysis weight. 30. The medical monitoring system of claim 29, wherein the at least one medical parameter includes arrhythmia information; wherein the arrhythmia information comprises at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia timing, arrhythmia duration, arrhythmia rate, arrhythmia burden, and arrhythmia type. 31. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein, if the system determines that an arrhythmia is due to fluid management, the system determines a new ultrafiltration rate or ultrafiltration magnitude for a patient. 32. The medical monitoring system of claim 7, wherein, if the system determines that an arrhythmia is due to electrolyte management, the system determines a new concentration of one or more electrolytes in a dialysate for a patient. | 3,700 |
346,651 | 16,805,087 | 3,783 | A braking system architecture for aircraft, the architecture comprising: a brake including friction members and electromechanical actuators for exerting a braking torque on the wheel; a computer situated in the fuselage of the aircraft and arranged to produce first control signals; and a junction box situated on the undercarriage, the junction box being connected to the computer and to the electromechanical actuators, the junction box being configured to receive the first control signals and to use the first control signals to produce second control signals for application to the electromechanical actuators in order to control the electromechanical actuators. | 1. A braking system architecture for aircraft, the architecture comprising:
a brake for braking a wheel of an undercarriage of the aircraft, the brake including friction members and electromechanical actuators for applying a braking force against the friction members and thereby exerting a braking torque on the wheel, each electromechanical actuator including a body having integrated therein an electric motor; a computer situated in the fuselage of the aircraft and arranged to produce first control signals; and a junction box situated on the undercarriage, the junction box being connected to the computer and to the electromechanical actuators, the junction box being configured and arranged to receive the first control signals, the junction box comprising electrical processor means configured and arranged to use the first control signals to produce second control signals for application to the electromechanical actuators in order to control the electromechanical actuators, the electrical processor means of the junction box including power converters, the first control signals comprising a power supply coming from an on-board power supply source and the second control signals comprising power supply currents for the electric motors. 2. A braking system architecture for aircraft, the architecture comprising:
a brake adapted to brake a wheel of an undercarriage of the aircraft, the brake including friction members and electromechanical actuators for applying a braking force against the friction members to exert a braking torque on the wheel, each electromechanical actuator including a body having integrated therein an electric motor; a control circuit situated in the fuselage of the aircraft and arranged to produce first control signals; and a junction box situated on the undercarriage, the junction box being connected to the control circuit and to the electromechanical actuators, the junction box being configured and arranged to receive the first control signals, the junction box comprising a processing circuit configured and arranged to use the first control signals to produce second control signals for application to the electromechanical actuators in order to control the electromechanical actuators, the processing circuit of the junction box including power converters, the first control signals comprising a power supply coming from an on-board power supply source and the second control signals comprising power supply currents for the electric motors. | A braking system architecture for aircraft, the architecture comprising: a brake including friction members and electromechanical actuators for exerting a braking torque on the wheel; a computer situated in the fuselage of the aircraft and arranged to produce first control signals; and a junction box situated on the undercarriage, the junction box being connected to the computer and to the electromechanical actuators, the junction box being configured to receive the first control signals and to use the first control signals to produce second control signals for application to the electromechanical actuators in order to control the electromechanical actuators.1. A braking system architecture for aircraft, the architecture comprising:
a brake for braking a wheel of an undercarriage of the aircraft, the brake including friction members and electromechanical actuators for applying a braking force against the friction members and thereby exerting a braking torque on the wheel, each electromechanical actuator including a body having integrated therein an electric motor; a computer situated in the fuselage of the aircraft and arranged to produce first control signals; and a junction box situated on the undercarriage, the junction box being connected to the computer and to the electromechanical actuators, the junction box being configured and arranged to receive the first control signals, the junction box comprising electrical processor means configured and arranged to use the first control signals to produce second control signals for application to the electromechanical actuators in order to control the electromechanical actuators, the electrical processor means of the junction box including power converters, the first control signals comprising a power supply coming from an on-board power supply source and the second control signals comprising power supply currents for the electric motors. 2. A braking system architecture for aircraft, the architecture comprising:
a brake adapted to brake a wheel of an undercarriage of the aircraft, the brake including friction members and electromechanical actuators for applying a braking force against the friction members to exert a braking torque on the wheel, each electromechanical actuator including a body having integrated therein an electric motor; a control circuit situated in the fuselage of the aircraft and arranged to produce first control signals; and a junction box situated on the undercarriage, the junction box being connected to the control circuit and to the electromechanical actuators, the junction box being configured and arranged to receive the first control signals, the junction box comprising a processing circuit configured and arranged to use the first control signals to produce second control signals for application to the electromechanical actuators in order to control the electromechanical actuators, the processing circuit of the junction box including power converters, the first control signals comprising a power supply coming from an on-board power supply source and the second control signals comprising power supply currents for the electric motors. | 3,700 |
346,652 | 16,805,127 | 3,783 | Embodiments are directed to a trailer maneuvering assistant system onboard a vehicle to communicate with and receive control instructions from a mobile device app. In one example embodiment, the app interface presents the user with an engagement input area and a curvature command area. The user must provide two types of touch inputs to the user interface portions: a first touch input that includes a complex gesture input in the engagement interface portion. In one example embodiment the complex gesture may be user input of a closed geometric shape such as a circle, oval, rectangle, or some other shape. The input may be complex in that it matches a canonical model for the respective shape. Matching may include an input that is coterminous with the canonical model within a threshold amount of error, and/or meets another guideline or threshold such as being a closed shape, or some other predetermined requirement(s). | 1. A method for controlling a vehicle to position a trailer, comprising:
presenting, via a mobile device, an engagement interface portion; receiving a first touch input in the engagement interface portion, the first touch input comprising a complex gesture input performed using a single hand that forms a closed geometric complex shape; determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion; and sending a configuration message to the vehicle, the configuration message comprising instructions for causing an autonomous vehicle controller to maneuver the trailer to a target curvature based on the continuous contact with the engagement interface portion. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising engaging the vehicle based on the configuration message, to position the trailer at the target curvature. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
presenting, via the mobile device, a curvature command interface portion responsive to the first touch input; and receiving, via the curvature command interface portion, a second touch input comprising a curvature command input, the curvature command input indicative of a target curvature for the trailer. 4. The method according to claim 3,
wherein the complex gesture input is continuous and indicative of continuous touch input during a threshold span of time. 5. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the first touch input in the engagement interface portion is a continuous touch input arising from continuous contact with a surface of the engagement interface portion; and wherein the first touch input is continuous during a threshold span of time. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion comprises:
receiving a set of input positions that indicate a touch position on the engagement interface portion; and saving the set of input positions to a memory register onboard the mobile device. 7. The method according to claim 6,
wherein the set of input positions are associated with a complex gesture input; and wherein the set of input positions are indicative of an iteration of a closed geometric shape. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the instructions are further configured for causing an automotive computer on-board the vehicle for:
actuating a steering mechanism based on a curvature command input; determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; and responsive to determining continuous contact, engaging a vehicle motor to position the trailer at the target curvature. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein receiving the curvature command input indicative of the target curvature comprises:
determining a second touch position associated with the curvature command input; and generating a steering instruction for wheel angle maneuvering based on the second touch position; and generating the configuration message to the vehicle, the configuration message based on the steering instruction and the first touch input. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein receiving the curvature command input indicative of the target curvature comprises:
determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; and responsive to determining continuous contact, sending the configuration message to an automotive computer on-board the vehicle to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature based on the curvature command input. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein receiving the curvature command input indicative of the target curvature comprises:
determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; responsive to maintaining the continuous contact, determining continuous contact with a curvature command interface portion; and sending the configuration message to an automotive computer on-board the vehicle to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature responsive to determining continuous contact with both of a curvature command interface portion and the engagement interface portion of the mobile device. 12. A mobile device configured to control a vehicle with a non-memoryless trailer maneuvering system, comprising:
a mobile device processor; a mobile device interface disposed in communication with the mobile device processor, the mobile device interface comprising a curvature command interface portion and an engagement interface portion; and a mobile device memory for storing executable instructions, the mobile device processor configured to execute the instructions to:
receive a first touch input to the engagement interface portion, the first touch input comprising a complex gesture input performed using a single hand that forms a closed geometric complex shape;
determine continuous contact with the engagement interface portion; and
send a configuration message to the vehicle, the configuration message comprising instructions for causing an autonomous vehicle controller to position the trailer at a target curvature based on the continuous contact with the engagement interface portion. 13. The mobile device according to claim 12, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
engage the vehicle based on the configuration message to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature. 14. The mobile device according to claim 13, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
determine continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; and responsive to determining continuous contact, send the configuration message to an automotive computer on-board the vehicle to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature based on the curvature command input. 15. The mobile device according to claim 12, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
present, via the mobile device, a curvature command interface portion responsive to the first touch input; and receive, via the curvature command interface portion, a second touch input comprising a curvature command input, the curvature command input indicative of a target curvature for the trailer. 16. The mobile device according to claim 15, wherein the complex gesture input is continuous and indicative of continuous touch input during a threshold span of time. 17. The mobile device according to claim 12,
wherein the first touch input in the engagement interface portion is a continuous touch input arising from continuous contact with a surface of the engagement interface portion; and wherein the first touch input is continuous during a threshold span of time. 18. The mobile device according to claim 12, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
receive a set of input positions that indicate a touch position on the engagement interface portion; and saving the set of input positions to a memory register onboard the mobile device; and determine that the first touch input maintains continuous contact with the engagement interface portion based on the set of input positions saved to the memory register. 19. The mobile device according to claim 18,
wherein the set of input positions are associated with a complex gesture input; and wherein the set of input positions are indicative of an iteration of a closed geometric shape. 20. A non-memoryless trailer maneuvering assist system for a vehicle comprising:
a control module disposed in communication with a mobile device, the control module comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions, the processor configured to execute the instructions to:
receive, from the mobile device, a configuration message based on first touch input data comprising a user engagement indicator, and second touch input data comprising curvature command input to a user interface of the mobile device, wherein the configuration message indicates a target curvature associated with a target maneuvering position for the trailer;
actuate a vehicle steering mechanism to steer the vehicle based on the second touch input data;
determine, based on the user engagement indicator, continuous contact with an engagement interface portion of the mobile device;
responsive to determining that the user maintains the continuous contact with the engagement interface portion, and concurrently with the user maintaining the continuous contact with the curvature command input, engage a vehicle motor to move the vehicle toward the target curvature; and
disengage the vehicle motor responsive to determining none continuous contact with either the engagement interface portion or the curvature command input. | Embodiments are directed to a trailer maneuvering assistant system onboard a vehicle to communicate with and receive control instructions from a mobile device app. In one example embodiment, the app interface presents the user with an engagement input area and a curvature command area. The user must provide two types of touch inputs to the user interface portions: a first touch input that includes a complex gesture input in the engagement interface portion. In one example embodiment the complex gesture may be user input of a closed geometric shape such as a circle, oval, rectangle, or some other shape. The input may be complex in that it matches a canonical model for the respective shape. Matching may include an input that is coterminous with the canonical model within a threshold amount of error, and/or meets another guideline or threshold such as being a closed shape, or some other predetermined requirement(s).1. A method for controlling a vehicle to position a trailer, comprising:
presenting, via a mobile device, an engagement interface portion; receiving a first touch input in the engagement interface portion, the first touch input comprising a complex gesture input performed using a single hand that forms a closed geometric complex shape; determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion; and sending a configuration message to the vehicle, the configuration message comprising instructions for causing an autonomous vehicle controller to maneuver the trailer to a target curvature based on the continuous contact with the engagement interface portion. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising engaging the vehicle based on the configuration message, to position the trailer at the target curvature. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
presenting, via the mobile device, a curvature command interface portion responsive to the first touch input; and receiving, via the curvature command interface portion, a second touch input comprising a curvature command input, the curvature command input indicative of a target curvature for the trailer. 4. The method according to claim 3,
wherein the complex gesture input is continuous and indicative of continuous touch input during a threshold span of time. 5. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the first touch input in the engagement interface portion is a continuous touch input arising from continuous contact with a surface of the engagement interface portion; and wherein the first touch input is continuous during a threshold span of time. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion comprises:
receiving a set of input positions that indicate a touch position on the engagement interface portion; and saving the set of input positions to a memory register onboard the mobile device. 7. The method according to claim 6,
wherein the set of input positions are associated with a complex gesture input; and wherein the set of input positions are indicative of an iteration of a closed geometric shape. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the instructions are further configured for causing an automotive computer on-board the vehicle for:
actuating a steering mechanism based on a curvature command input; determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; and responsive to determining continuous contact, engaging a vehicle motor to position the trailer at the target curvature. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein receiving the curvature command input indicative of the target curvature comprises:
determining a second touch position associated with the curvature command input; and generating a steering instruction for wheel angle maneuvering based on the second touch position; and generating the configuration message to the vehicle, the configuration message based on the steering instruction and the first touch input. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein receiving the curvature command input indicative of the target curvature comprises:
determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; and responsive to determining continuous contact, sending the configuration message to an automotive computer on-board the vehicle to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature based on the curvature command input. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein receiving the curvature command input indicative of the target curvature comprises:
determining continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; responsive to maintaining the continuous contact, determining continuous contact with a curvature command interface portion; and sending the configuration message to an automotive computer on-board the vehicle to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature responsive to determining continuous contact with both of a curvature command interface portion and the engagement interface portion of the mobile device. 12. A mobile device configured to control a vehicle with a non-memoryless trailer maneuvering system, comprising:
a mobile device processor; a mobile device interface disposed in communication with the mobile device processor, the mobile device interface comprising a curvature command interface portion and an engagement interface portion; and a mobile device memory for storing executable instructions, the mobile device processor configured to execute the instructions to:
receive a first touch input to the engagement interface portion, the first touch input comprising a complex gesture input performed using a single hand that forms a closed geometric complex shape;
determine continuous contact with the engagement interface portion; and
send a configuration message to the vehicle, the configuration message comprising instructions for causing an autonomous vehicle controller to position the trailer at a target curvature based on the continuous contact with the engagement interface portion. 13. The mobile device according to claim 12, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
engage the vehicle based on the configuration message to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature. 14. The mobile device according to claim 13, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
determine continuous contact with the engagement interface portion of the mobile device; and responsive to determining continuous contact, send the configuration message to an automotive computer on-board the vehicle to maneuver the trailer to the target curvature based on the curvature command input. 15. The mobile device according to claim 12, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
present, via the mobile device, a curvature command interface portion responsive to the first touch input; and receive, via the curvature command interface portion, a second touch input comprising a curvature command input, the curvature command input indicative of a target curvature for the trailer. 16. The mobile device according to claim 15, wherein the complex gesture input is continuous and indicative of continuous touch input during a threshold span of time. 17. The mobile device according to claim 12,
wherein the first touch input in the engagement interface portion is a continuous touch input arising from continuous contact with a surface of the engagement interface portion; and wherein the first touch input is continuous during a threshold span of time. 18. The mobile device according to claim 12, wherein the mobile device processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
receive a set of input positions that indicate a touch position on the engagement interface portion; and saving the set of input positions to a memory register onboard the mobile device; and determine that the first touch input maintains continuous contact with the engagement interface portion based on the set of input positions saved to the memory register. 19. The mobile device according to claim 18,
wherein the set of input positions are associated with a complex gesture input; and wherein the set of input positions are indicative of an iteration of a closed geometric shape. 20. A non-memoryless trailer maneuvering assist system for a vehicle comprising:
a control module disposed in communication with a mobile device, the control module comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions, the processor configured to execute the instructions to:
receive, from the mobile device, a configuration message based on first touch input data comprising a user engagement indicator, and second touch input data comprising curvature command input to a user interface of the mobile device, wherein the configuration message indicates a target curvature associated with a target maneuvering position for the trailer;
actuate a vehicle steering mechanism to steer the vehicle based on the second touch input data;
determine, based on the user engagement indicator, continuous contact with an engagement interface portion of the mobile device;
responsive to determining that the user maintains the continuous contact with the engagement interface portion, and concurrently with the user maintaining the continuous contact with the curvature command input, engage a vehicle motor to move the vehicle toward the target curvature; and
disengage the vehicle motor responsive to determining none continuous contact with either the engagement interface portion or the curvature command input. | 3,700 |
346,653 | 16,805,122 | 3,671 | An agricultural implement for cultivating an agricultural work area includes a main frame which is transferable between an operating position and a transfer position. A first subframe is connected to the main frame, and the first subframe is transferable between an operating position and a transfer position. A main frame hydraulic cylinder and a first subframe hydraulic cylinder move the main frame and the first subframe between their corresponding positions. In order to provide correct and repeatable positioning of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder, a volume of a first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder is substantially equal to a volume of the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder when the first subframe is in its operating position. | 1. An agricultural implement for cultivating an agricultural work area, the agricultural implement comprising:
a main frame being transferable between an operating position and a transfer position; a first subframe connected to the main frame, the first subframe being transferable between an operating position and a transfer position; a main frame hydraulic cylinder that is capable of moving the main frame between the operating position and the transfer position, said main frame hydraulic cylinder comprising first and second chambers separated by a piston; a first subframe hydraulic cylinder that is capable of moving the first subframe between the operating position and the transfer position, said first subframe hydraulic cylinder comprising first and second chambers separated by a piston, wherein the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first subframe hydraulic cylinder are hydraulically connected such that movement of the main frame from its transfer position into its operating position causes hydraulic fluid in the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder to be transferred into the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder such that the first subframe is automatically transferred from its transfer position into its operating position, and wherein, when the main frame is in its transfer position, a volume of the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder is substantially equal to a volume of the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder when the first subframe is in its operating position. 2. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first subframe hydraulic cylinder are hydraulically connected such that movement of the first subframe from its operating position into its transfer position causes hydraulic fluid in the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder to be transferred into the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder such that the main frame is automatically transferred from its operating position into its transfer position. 3. The agricultural implement of claim 2, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a plurality of ground engaging tools attached to the first subframe, wherein the ground engaging tools are arranged such that they engage with a ground surface of a work area when the first subframe is in its operating position and/or are lifted above the ground surface when the first subframe is in its transfer position. 4. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a second subframe, the second subframe being transferable between an operating position and a transfer position using a second subframe hydraulic cylinder, the second subframe hydraulic cylinder comprising first and second chambers separated by a piston, wherein, when the main frame is in its transfer position, a volume of the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder is substantially equal to a combined volume of the first chambers of the first and second subframe hydraulic cylinders, when the first and second subframes are in their operating positions. 5. The agricultural implement of claim 4, wherein the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically connected to the first chamber of the second subframe hydraulic cylinder, and wherein the second chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically connected to the second chamber of the second subframe hydraulic cylinder. 6. The agricultural implement of claim 5, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a plurality of ground engaging tools attached to the second subframe, wherein the ground engaging tools are arranged such that they engage with a ground surface (80) of a work area when the second subframe is in its operating position and/or are lifted above the ground surface when the second subframe is in its transfer position. 7. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a first wing frame pivotably connected to the main frame, wherein the first wing frame is pivotable with respect to the main frame between an operating position and a transport position. 8. The agricultural implement of claim 7, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a first wing frame hydraulic cylinder that is capable of moving the first wing frame between the operating position and the transport position. 9. The agricultural implement of claim 8, wherein the agricultural implement is adapted such that the first wing frame may be transferred from its transport position into its operating position only when the main frame is in its transfer position. 10. The agricultural implement of claim 7, wherein the agricultural element comprises a subframe control valve arranged between the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder, and wherein the control valve is capable of fluidly connecting the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder only when the first wing frame is in its operating position. 11. The agricultural implement of claim 10, wherein the first subframe is connected to the main frame via the first wing frame, such that the first subframe is arranged to pivot with respect to the main frame together with the first wing frame. 12. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a pilot operated control valve arranged between the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder. 13. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the main frame comprises a hitch for connecting the main frame to an agricultural work vehicle. 14. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the first subframe is moveable with respect to the main frame between its operating position and its transfer position. 15. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein, in the operating position of the first subframe, the first subframe hydraulic cylinder is partially extended, particularly between 10% and 19% of its full extension, preferably around 75%. | An agricultural implement for cultivating an agricultural work area includes a main frame which is transferable between an operating position and a transfer position. A first subframe is connected to the main frame, and the first subframe is transferable between an operating position and a transfer position. A main frame hydraulic cylinder and a first subframe hydraulic cylinder move the main frame and the first subframe between their corresponding positions. In order to provide correct and repeatable positioning of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder, a volume of a first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder is substantially equal to a volume of the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder when the first subframe is in its operating position.1. An agricultural implement for cultivating an agricultural work area, the agricultural implement comprising:
a main frame being transferable between an operating position and a transfer position; a first subframe connected to the main frame, the first subframe being transferable between an operating position and a transfer position; a main frame hydraulic cylinder that is capable of moving the main frame between the operating position and the transfer position, said main frame hydraulic cylinder comprising first and second chambers separated by a piston; a first subframe hydraulic cylinder that is capable of moving the first subframe between the operating position and the transfer position, said first subframe hydraulic cylinder comprising first and second chambers separated by a piston, wherein the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first subframe hydraulic cylinder are hydraulically connected such that movement of the main frame from its transfer position into its operating position causes hydraulic fluid in the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder to be transferred into the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder such that the first subframe is automatically transferred from its transfer position into its operating position, and wherein, when the main frame is in its transfer position, a volume of the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder is substantially equal to a volume of the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder when the first subframe is in its operating position. 2. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first subframe hydraulic cylinder are hydraulically connected such that movement of the first subframe from its operating position into its transfer position causes hydraulic fluid in the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder to be transferred into the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder such that the main frame is automatically transferred from its operating position into its transfer position. 3. The agricultural implement of claim 2, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a plurality of ground engaging tools attached to the first subframe, wherein the ground engaging tools are arranged such that they engage with a ground surface of a work area when the first subframe is in its operating position and/or are lifted above the ground surface when the first subframe is in its transfer position. 4. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a second subframe, the second subframe being transferable between an operating position and a transfer position using a second subframe hydraulic cylinder, the second subframe hydraulic cylinder comprising first and second chambers separated by a piston, wherein, when the main frame is in its transfer position, a volume of the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder is substantially equal to a combined volume of the first chambers of the first and second subframe hydraulic cylinders, when the first and second subframes are in their operating positions. 5. The agricultural implement of claim 4, wherein the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically connected to the first chamber of the second subframe hydraulic cylinder, and wherein the second chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder is hydraulically connected to the second chamber of the second subframe hydraulic cylinder. 6. The agricultural implement of claim 5, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a plurality of ground engaging tools attached to the second subframe, wherein the ground engaging tools are arranged such that they engage with a ground surface (80) of a work area when the second subframe is in its operating position and/or are lifted above the ground surface when the second subframe is in its transfer position. 7. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a first wing frame pivotably connected to the main frame, wherein the first wing frame is pivotable with respect to the main frame between an operating position and a transport position. 8. The agricultural implement of claim 7, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a first wing frame hydraulic cylinder that is capable of moving the first wing frame between the operating position and the transport position. 9. The agricultural implement of claim 8, wherein the agricultural implement is adapted such that the first wing frame may be transferred from its transport position into its operating position only when the main frame is in its transfer position. 10. The agricultural implement of claim 7, wherein the agricultural element comprises a subframe control valve arranged between the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder, and wherein the control valve is capable of fluidly connecting the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder only when the first wing frame is in its operating position. 11. The agricultural implement of claim 10, wherein the first subframe is connected to the main frame via the first wing frame, such that the first subframe is arranged to pivot with respect to the main frame together with the first wing frame. 12. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the agricultural implement comprises a pilot operated control valve arranged between the first chamber of the main frame hydraulic cylinder and the first chamber of the first subframe hydraulic cylinder. 13. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the main frame comprises a hitch for connecting the main frame to an agricultural work vehicle. 14. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein the first subframe is moveable with respect to the main frame between its operating position and its transfer position. 15. The agricultural implement of claim 1, wherein, in the operating position of the first subframe, the first subframe hydraulic cylinder is partially extended, particularly between 10% and 19% of its full extension, preferably around 75%. | 3,600 |
346,654 | 16,805,126 | 3,671 | Apparatuses and methods of measuring a hydrogen diffusivity of a metal structure including during operation of the metal structure, are provided. A hydrogen charging surface is provided at a first location on an external surface of the structure. In addition, a hydrogen oxidation surface is provided at a second location adjacent to the first location on the external surface of the structure. Hydrogen flux is generated and directed into the metal surface at the charging surface. At least a portion of the hydrogen flux generated by the charging surface is diverted back toward the surface. A transient of the diverted hydrogen fluxes measured, and this measurement is used to determine the hydrogen diffusivity of the metal structure in service. | 1.-21. (canceled) 22. A method of measuring a hydrogen diffusivity of a metal structure comprising:
providing a hydrogen charging surface at a first location on an external surface of the structure; providing a hydrogen oxidation surface at a second location adjacent to the first location on the external surface of the structure; generating a hydrogen flux directed into the metal surface at the charging surface; detecting at least a portion of the hydrogen flux generated by the charging surface diverted back toward the surface; measuring a transient of the diverted hydrogen flux; and determining the hydrogen diffusivity of the metal structure based on the measured transient. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the hydrogen diffusivity is determined from the measured transient using a direct simulation technique based on a Fickian diffusion model that uses initial conditions based on an experimental apparatus. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
setting a value for the hydrogen diffusivity; executing the diffusion model using the set value of hydrogen diffusivity; comparing results of the Fickian diffusion model to results using the experimental apparatus; and repeating the previous steps with different values of hydrogen diffusivity until a closest match between the results of the diffusion model and the results using the experimental apparatus is reached. 25. An apparatus for measuring a hydrogen diffusivity of a metal structure comprising:
a first chamber positioned on an external surface of the metal structure, the first chamber including a hydrogen flux sensor; and a second chamber separated by a wall from and adjacent to the first chamber and positioned on the external surface of the metal structure, the second chamber including a hydrogen charging cell for generating hydrogen and inducing a hydrogen flux into the external surface of the metal structure; wherein a portion of the hydrogen flux is diverted out of the metal surface toward the first chamber, where the hydrogen flux is measurable by the hydrogen flux sensor. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the second chamber includes an electrolyte solution in contact with the external surface of the metal structure. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising a counter electrode and reference electrode position in the electrolyte solution. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising an electric power supply coupled to the external surface of the metal structure, the counter electrode and the reference electrode, the power supply being operative to provide a constant current between the counter electrode and the external surface of the metal structure to provide cathodic polarization of the metal surface. | Apparatuses and methods of measuring a hydrogen diffusivity of a metal structure including during operation of the metal structure, are provided. A hydrogen charging surface is provided at a first location on an external surface of the structure. In addition, a hydrogen oxidation surface is provided at a second location adjacent to the first location on the external surface of the structure. Hydrogen flux is generated and directed into the metal surface at the charging surface. At least a portion of the hydrogen flux generated by the charging surface is diverted back toward the surface. A transient of the diverted hydrogen fluxes measured, and this measurement is used to determine the hydrogen diffusivity of the metal structure in service.1.-21. (canceled) 22. A method of measuring a hydrogen diffusivity of a metal structure comprising:
providing a hydrogen charging surface at a first location on an external surface of the structure; providing a hydrogen oxidation surface at a second location adjacent to the first location on the external surface of the structure; generating a hydrogen flux directed into the metal surface at the charging surface; detecting at least a portion of the hydrogen flux generated by the charging surface diverted back toward the surface; measuring a transient of the diverted hydrogen flux; and determining the hydrogen diffusivity of the metal structure based on the measured transient. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the hydrogen diffusivity is determined from the measured transient using a direct simulation technique based on a Fickian diffusion model that uses initial conditions based on an experimental apparatus. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
setting a value for the hydrogen diffusivity; executing the diffusion model using the set value of hydrogen diffusivity; comparing results of the Fickian diffusion model to results using the experimental apparatus; and repeating the previous steps with different values of hydrogen diffusivity until a closest match between the results of the diffusion model and the results using the experimental apparatus is reached. 25. An apparatus for measuring a hydrogen diffusivity of a metal structure comprising:
a first chamber positioned on an external surface of the metal structure, the first chamber including a hydrogen flux sensor; and a second chamber separated by a wall from and adjacent to the first chamber and positioned on the external surface of the metal structure, the second chamber including a hydrogen charging cell for generating hydrogen and inducing a hydrogen flux into the external surface of the metal structure; wherein a portion of the hydrogen flux is diverted out of the metal surface toward the first chamber, where the hydrogen flux is measurable by the hydrogen flux sensor. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the second chamber includes an electrolyte solution in contact with the external surface of the metal structure. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising a counter electrode and reference electrode position in the electrolyte solution. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising an electric power supply coupled to the external surface of the metal structure, the counter electrode and the reference electrode, the power supply being operative to provide a constant current between the counter electrode and the external surface of the metal structure to provide cathodic polarization of the metal surface. | 3,600 |
346,655 | 16,805,105 | 3,671 | The present invention relates to Tri-Specific Binding Molecules, which are multi-chain polypeptide molecules that possess three Binding Domains and are thus capable of mediating coordinated binding to three epitopes. The Tri-Specific Binding Molecule is preferably characterized in possessing binding domains that permit it to immunospecifically bind to: (1) an epitope of a first Cancer Antigen, (2) an epitope of a second Cancer Antigen, and (3) an epitope of a molecule that is expressed on the surface of an immune system effector cell, and are thus capable of localizing an immune system effector cell to a cell that expresses a Cancer Antigen, so as to thereby facilitate the killing of such cancer cell. | 1. A Tri-Specific Binding Molecule having three polypeptide chains capable of immunospecifically binding to three different epitopes, said Epitopes being Epitope I, Epitope II, and Epitope III, wherein two of said three epitopes are epitopes of Cancer Antigen(s), and the third of said three epitopes is an epitope of an Effector Cell Antigen. | The present invention relates to Tri-Specific Binding Molecules, which are multi-chain polypeptide molecules that possess three Binding Domains and are thus capable of mediating coordinated binding to three epitopes. The Tri-Specific Binding Molecule is preferably characterized in possessing binding domains that permit it to immunospecifically bind to: (1) an epitope of a first Cancer Antigen, (2) an epitope of a second Cancer Antigen, and (3) an epitope of a molecule that is expressed on the surface of an immune system effector cell, and are thus capable of localizing an immune system effector cell to a cell that expresses a Cancer Antigen, so as to thereby facilitate the killing of such cancer cell.1. A Tri-Specific Binding Molecule having three polypeptide chains capable of immunospecifically binding to three different epitopes, said Epitopes being Epitope I, Epitope II, and Epitope III, wherein two of said three epitopes are epitopes of Cancer Antigen(s), and the third of said three epitopes is an epitope of an Effector Cell Antigen. | 3,600 |
346,656 | 16,805,117 | 3,671 | A building management system comprises building equipment operable to affect a physical state or condition of a building. The building management system includes a system manager coupled to the building equipment via a system bus, the system manager comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment. Combined schedules are configured to be controlled by the schedule manager. The combined schedules are configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and first operation schedule of the building equipment. A client device is configured to communicate with the schedule manager to modify the first operation schedule of the building equipment to include the first schedule object. | 1. A building management system comprising:
building equipment operable to affect a physical state or condition of a building; a system manager coupled to the building equipment via a system bus, the system manager comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment; combined schedules configured to be controlled by the schedule manager, the combined schedules comprising a first schedule object, the first schedule object configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and the first operation schedule of the building equipment; and a client device configured to communicate with the schedule manager to modify the first operation schedule of the building equipment to include the first schedule object. 2. The building management system of claim 1, wherein the first schedule object includes a first setpoint value for the building equipment. 3. The building management system of claim 2, wherein the first schedule object includes a first weekly operation schedule for the building equipment. 4. The building management system of claim 3, wherein the client device is configured to modify the first schedule object to change one or more of the first setpoint value and the first weekly operation schedule. 5. The building management system of claim 3, wherein the client device is configured to create a second schedule object configured to control both a second setpoint of the building equipment and a second operation schedule of the building equipment, the second schedule object being different than the first schedule object. 6. The building management system of claim 5, wherein the second schedule object includes a second setpoint value for the building equipment, the second setpoint value being different than the first setpoint value. 7. The building management system of claim 6, wherein the second schedule object includes a second weekly operation schedule for the building equipment, the second weekly operation schedule being different than the first weekly operation schedule. 8. A system manager for a building management system comprising building equipment operable to affect a physical state or condition of a building, the system manager comprising:
electronics coupled to the building equipment via a system bus, and comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment and configured to communicate with a client device via a user interface to modify the first operation schedule of the building equipment to include at least one analog setpoint value for the building equipment; and combined schedules configured to be controlled by the schedule manager, the combined schedules comprising a first schedule object, the first schedule object configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and the first operation schedule of the building equipment. 9. The system manager of claim 8, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to modify the first operation schedule to select a data type for the first operation schedule, the data type including one or more of an analog data type and a binary data type. 10. The system manager of claim 9, wherein when the data type is the analog data type, the user interface is configured to allow the client device to modify the first operation schedule to select a measurement unit of the analog data type, where the measurement unit corresponds to the analog data type. 11. The system manager of claim 10, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to select additional building equipment to operate with the first operation schedule, the additional building equipment based on the measurement unit. 12. The system manager of claim 11, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to specify an analog setpoint value corresponding to the analog data type. 13. The system manager of claim 12, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to specify a time at which to apply the analog setpoint value to the first operation schedule. 14. A client device, comprising:
a memory device configured to store instructions that, when executed on one or more processors, allow the client device to communicate with a system manager for a building management system, the system manager comprising:
electronics coupled to building equipment associated with the building management system via a system bus and comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment; and
combined schedules configured to be controlled by the schedule manager, the combined schedules comprising a first schedule object, the first schedule object configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and the first operation schedule of the building equipment;
wherein the client device is configured to communicate with the system manager via a user interface to create a second operation schedule for the building equipment, where the second operation schedule includes at least one analog setpoint value for the building equipment. 15. The client device of claim 14, wherein the client device is configured to select a data type for the second operation schedule, the data type including one or more of an analog data type and a binary data type. 16. The client device of claim 15, wherein when the data type is the analog data type, the client device is configured to select a measurement unit of the analog data type, where the measurement unit corresponds to the analog data type. 17. The client device of claim 16, wherein the client device is configured to select additional building equipment to operate with the second operation schedule, the additional building equipment based on the measurement unit. 18. The client device of claim 17, wherein the client device is configured to specify an analog setpoint value corresponding to the analog data type. 19. The client device of claim 18, wherein the client device is configured to specify a time at which to apply the analog setpoint value to the second operation schedule. 20. The client device of claim 19, wherein the client device is configured to specify one or more days during which the analog setpoint value is applied to the second operation schedule. | A building management system comprises building equipment operable to affect a physical state or condition of a building. The building management system includes a system manager coupled to the building equipment via a system bus, the system manager comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment. Combined schedules are configured to be controlled by the schedule manager. The combined schedules are configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and first operation schedule of the building equipment. A client device is configured to communicate with the schedule manager to modify the first operation schedule of the building equipment to include the first schedule object.1. A building management system comprising:
building equipment operable to affect a physical state or condition of a building; a system manager coupled to the building equipment via a system bus, the system manager comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment; combined schedules configured to be controlled by the schedule manager, the combined schedules comprising a first schedule object, the first schedule object configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and the first operation schedule of the building equipment; and a client device configured to communicate with the schedule manager to modify the first operation schedule of the building equipment to include the first schedule object. 2. The building management system of claim 1, wherein the first schedule object includes a first setpoint value for the building equipment. 3. The building management system of claim 2, wherein the first schedule object includes a first weekly operation schedule for the building equipment. 4. The building management system of claim 3, wherein the client device is configured to modify the first schedule object to change one or more of the first setpoint value and the first weekly operation schedule. 5. The building management system of claim 3, wherein the client device is configured to create a second schedule object configured to control both a second setpoint of the building equipment and a second operation schedule of the building equipment, the second schedule object being different than the first schedule object. 6. The building management system of claim 5, wherein the second schedule object includes a second setpoint value for the building equipment, the second setpoint value being different than the first setpoint value. 7. The building management system of claim 6, wherein the second schedule object includes a second weekly operation schedule for the building equipment, the second weekly operation schedule being different than the first weekly operation schedule. 8. A system manager for a building management system comprising building equipment operable to affect a physical state or condition of a building, the system manager comprising:
electronics coupled to the building equipment via a system bus, and comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment and configured to communicate with a client device via a user interface to modify the first operation schedule of the building equipment to include at least one analog setpoint value for the building equipment; and combined schedules configured to be controlled by the schedule manager, the combined schedules comprising a first schedule object, the first schedule object configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and the first operation schedule of the building equipment. 9. The system manager of claim 8, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to modify the first operation schedule to select a data type for the first operation schedule, the data type including one or more of an analog data type and a binary data type. 10. The system manager of claim 9, wherein when the data type is the analog data type, the user interface is configured to allow the client device to modify the first operation schedule to select a measurement unit of the analog data type, where the measurement unit corresponds to the analog data type. 11. The system manager of claim 10, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to select additional building equipment to operate with the first operation schedule, the additional building equipment based on the measurement unit. 12. The system manager of claim 11, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to specify an analog setpoint value corresponding to the analog data type. 13. The system manager of claim 12, wherein the user interface is configured to allow the client device to specify a time at which to apply the analog setpoint value to the first operation schedule. 14. A client device, comprising:
a memory device configured to store instructions that, when executed on one or more processors, allow the client device to communicate with a system manager for a building management system, the system manager comprising:
electronics coupled to building equipment associated with the building management system via a system bus and comprising a schedule manager configured to control a first operation schedule of the building equipment; and
combined schedules configured to be controlled by the schedule manager, the combined schedules comprising a first schedule object, the first schedule object configured to control both a first setpoint of the building equipment and the first operation schedule of the building equipment;
wherein the client device is configured to communicate with the system manager via a user interface to create a second operation schedule for the building equipment, where the second operation schedule includes at least one analog setpoint value for the building equipment. 15. The client device of claim 14, wherein the client device is configured to select a data type for the second operation schedule, the data type including one or more of an analog data type and a binary data type. 16. The client device of claim 15, wherein when the data type is the analog data type, the client device is configured to select a measurement unit of the analog data type, where the measurement unit corresponds to the analog data type. 17. The client device of claim 16, wherein the client device is configured to select additional building equipment to operate with the second operation schedule, the additional building equipment based on the measurement unit. 18. The client device of claim 17, wherein the client device is configured to specify an analog setpoint value corresponding to the analog data type. 19. The client device of claim 18, wherein the client device is configured to specify a time at which to apply the analog setpoint value to the second operation schedule. 20. The client device of claim 19, wherein the client device is configured to specify one or more days during which the analog setpoint value is applied to the second operation schedule. | 3,600 |
346,657 | 16,805,121 | 3,671 | The present invention concerns malting process for steeping grain comprising the provision of at least a first steeping tank having an inlet and an outlet, a second steeping tank having an inlet and an outlet, and a water circulation device fluidly connecting the outlet of the first steeping tank and the inlet of the second steeping tank for circulating steeping water from the first steeping tank in the second steeping tank. | 1. A malting process for steeping grain, the process comprising the following successive steps:
1) providing a malt house equipment comprising at least: a plurality of steeping tanks, each steeping tank comprising walls delimiting an internal grain-receiving space, each steeping tank comprising an inlet for grain, water and/or air and an outlet for grain, water and/or air, and a grid pierced with orifices configured to evacuate the water from the steeping tank and allow air circulation while maintaining the grains in the internal space of the steeping tank, a water circulation device arranged between at least a first steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks and a second steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks, the water circulation device fluidly connecting the outlet of the first steeping tank and the inlet of the at least second steeping tank, 2a) filling each steeping tank with a same batch of grains being in a same wet steeping phase, 2b) feeding water into the internal space of the first steeping tank until the grains of the first steeping tank are immersed, while the grains in the internal space of the second steeping tank are not immersed, 2d) evacuating the water through the water outlet of the first steeping tank into the water circulation device while the grains stay in the first steeping tank, and 3) feeding said water from the first steeping tank into the second steeping tank through the water circulation device until the grains of the first steeping tank are no longer immersed. 2. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the water circulation device comprises at least one circulation pump. 3. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the malt house equipment further comprises a water aeration device connected to the water circulation device connecting the outlet of the first steeping tank and the inlet of the second steeping tank. 4. A malting process according to claim 1, further comprising a step 4 wherein steps 2b to 3 are repeated. 5. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein step 3 comprises the following steps:
3a) feeding water into the internal space of the second steeping tank, until the grains in the second steeping tank are immersed while the grains in the internal space of the first steeping tank are not immersed, wherein the main part of said water is water coming from the first steeping tank through the water circulation device, 3c) evacuating the water through the water outlet of the second steeping tank while the grains stay in the second steeping tank. 6. A malting process according to claim 1, further comprising a step wherein the water from a last steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks different from the first steeping tank is fed back into the first steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks through the water circulation device. 7. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the period of time between two periods during which the grains are immersed in a same steeping tank is adjusted so that the grains present inside said steeping tank remain wet during that period. 8. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the malt house equipment further comprises a device for treating the water coming from the outlet of at least one steeping tank from the plurality of steeping tanks. 9. A malting process according to claim 1, further comprising a step of treating water from the outlet of the steeping tank with the device for treating water. 10. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the malt house equipment further comprises valves being operable between an open position wherein water is allowed to flow and a closed position preventing water from flowing, said valves being arranged at the outlet of each steeping tank, wherein each valve is operated independently. | The present invention concerns malting process for steeping grain comprising the provision of at least a first steeping tank having an inlet and an outlet, a second steeping tank having an inlet and an outlet, and a water circulation device fluidly connecting the outlet of the first steeping tank and the inlet of the second steeping tank for circulating steeping water from the first steeping tank in the second steeping tank.1. A malting process for steeping grain, the process comprising the following successive steps:
1) providing a malt house equipment comprising at least: a plurality of steeping tanks, each steeping tank comprising walls delimiting an internal grain-receiving space, each steeping tank comprising an inlet for grain, water and/or air and an outlet for grain, water and/or air, and a grid pierced with orifices configured to evacuate the water from the steeping tank and allow air circulation while maintaining the grains in the internal space of the steeping tank, a water circulation device arranged between at least a first steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks and a second steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks, the water circulation device fluidly connecting the outlet of the first steeping tank and the inlet of the at least second steeping tank, 2a) filling each steeping tank with a same batch of grains being in a same wet steeping phase, 2b) feeding water into the internal space of the first steeping tank until the grains of the first steeping tank are immersed, while the grains in the internal space of the second steeping tank are not immersed, 2d) evacuating the water through the water outlet of the first steeping tank into the water circulation device while the grains stay in the first steeping tank, and 3) feeding said water from the first steeping tank into the second steeping tank through the water circulation device until the grains of the first steeping tank are no longer immersed. 2. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the water circulation device comprises at least one circulation pump. 3. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the malt house equipment further comprises a water aeration device connected to the water circulation device connecting the outlet of the first steeping tank and the inlet of the second steeping tank. 4. A malting process according to claim 1, further comprising a step 4 wherein steps 2b to 3 are repeated. 5. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein step 3 comprises the following steps:
3a) feeding water into the internal space of the second steeping tank, until the grains in the second steeping tank are immersed while the grains in the internal space of the first steeping tank are not immersed, wherein the main part of said water is water coming from the first steeping tank through the water circulation device, 3c) evacuating the water through the water outlet of the second steeping tank while the grains stay in the second steeping tank. 6. A malting process according to claim 1, further comprising a step wherein the water from a last steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks different from the first steeping tank is fed back into the first steeping tank of the plurality of steeping tanks through the water circulation device. 7. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the period of time between two periods during which the grains are immersed in a same steeping tank is adjusted so that the grains present inside said steeping tank remain wet during that period. 8. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the malt house equipment further comprises a device for treating the water coming from the outlet of at least one steeping tank from the plurality of steeping tanks. 9. A malting process according to claim 1, further comprising a step of treating water from the outlet of the steeping tank with the device for treating water. 10. A malting process according to claim 1, wherein the malt house equipment further comprises valves being operable between an open position wherein water is allowed to flow and a closed position preventing water from flowing, said valves being arranged at the outlet of each steeping tank, wherein each valve is operated independently. | 3,600 |
346,658 | 16,805,138 | 2,664 | A set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path may be received, along with telemetry data from the drone. A tagged set of images may be stored, with each tagged image being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data. A mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object may be executed, based on the telemetry data. Based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images may be identified. A second flight path may be generated for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. | 1. A computer program product, the computer program product being tangibly embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium and comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one computing device, are configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
receive a set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path; receive telemetry data from the drone characterizing drone positions of the drone, during the execution of the first flight path; store a tagged set of images, with each tagged image of the tagged set of images being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data; execute a mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on the telemetry data; identify, based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images; and generate a second flight path for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. 2. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
receive at least one image of the at least one omitted portion from the drone during the second flight path; map the at least one image to the 3D model, based on telemetry data received from the drone at a time of capture of the at least one image of the at least one omitted portion. 3. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
execute the mapping including relating an image of the tagged set of images to a corresponding portion and surface area of the 3D model based on a field of view of a camera mounted on the drone and used to obtain the set of images, relative to a drone position at a time of image capture of the image. 4. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
filter the set of images based on image quality to remove at least one filtered image; identify a filtered portion of the 3D inspection object, based on telemetry data from the drone at a time of capture of the at least one filtered image; and specify a position of the drone to capture an image of the filtered portion of the 3D inspection object during execution of the second flight path. 5. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
generate the 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on image data and telemetry data captured during execution of a modeling flight path executed prior to the execution of the first flight path. 6. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
execute a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify damage to the 3D inspection object within at least one image of the set of tagged images; identify, based on the mapping and on the damage classification, at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object; and include, in the second flight path for the drone, a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object. 7. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
generate a graphical user interface (GUI) configured to illustrate execution of the first flight path relative to the 3D inspection object, including illustrating completed portions and uncompleted portions of the first flight path, wherein the GUI is further configured to illustrate the at least one omitted portion during execution of the second flight path. 8. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
generate the second flight path including generating geospatial coordinates for the drone to be positioned to perform image capture of the at least one omitted portion. 9. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the 3D inspection object includes a wind turbine having a plurality of turbine blades. 10. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
sort the set of tagged images and the image of the at least one omitted portion to correspond to each turbine blade of the plurality of turbine blades. 11. A computer-implemented method, the method comprising:
receive a set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path; receive telemetry data from the drone characterizing drone positions of the drone, during the execution of the first flight path; store a tagged set of images, with each tagged image of the tagged set of images being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data; execute a mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on the telemetry data; identify, based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images; and generate a second flight path for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
executing the mapping including relating an image of the tagged set of images to a corresponding portion and surface area of the 3D model based on a field of view of a camera mounted on the drone and used to obtain the set of images, relative to a drone position at a time of image capture of the image. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
filtering the set of images based on image quality to remove at least one filtered image; identifying a filtered portion of the 3D inspection object, based on telemetry data from the drone at a time of capture of the at least one filtered image; and specifying a position of the drone to capture an image of the filtered portion of the 3D inspection object during execution of the second flight path. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
generating the 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on image data and telemetry data captured during execution of a modeling flight path executed prior to the execution of the first flight path. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
executing a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify damage to the 3D inspection object within at least one image of the set of tagged images; identifying, based on the mapping and on the damage classification, at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object; and including, in the second flight path for the drone, a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
generating a graphical user interface (GUI) configured to illustrate execution of the first flight path relative to the 3D inspection object, including illustrating completed portions and uncompleted portions of the first flight path, wherein the GUI is further configured to illustrate the at least one omitted portion during execution of the second flight path. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
generating the second flight path including generating geospatial coordinates for the drone to be positioned to perform image capture of the at least one omitted portion. 18. A system comprising:
at least one memory including instructions; and at least one processor that is operably coupled to the at least one memory and that is arranged and configured to execute instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to receive a set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path; receive telemetry data from the drone characterizing drone positions of the drone, during the execution of the first flight path; store a tagged set of images, with each tagged image of the tagged set of images being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data; execute a mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on the telemetry data; identify, based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images; and generate a second flight path for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the system is further configured to:
execute the mapping including relating an image of the tagged set of images to a corresponding portion and surface area of the 3D model based on a field of view of a camera mounted on the drone and used to obtain the set of images, relative to a drone position at a time of image capture of the image. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the system is further configured to:
generate a graphical user interface (GUI) configured to illustrate execution of the first flight path relative to the 3D inspection object, including illustrating completed portions and uncompleted portions of the first flight path, wherein the GUI is further configured to illustrate the at least one omitted portion during execution of the second flight path. | A set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path may be received, along with telemetry data from the drone. A tagged set of images may be stored, with each tagged image being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data. A mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object may be executed, based on the telemetry data. Based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images may be identified. A second flight path may be generated for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object.1. A computer program product, the computer program product being tangibly embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium and comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one computing device, are configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
receive a set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path; receive telemetry data from the drone characterizing drone positions of the drone, during the execution of the first flight path; store a tagged set of images, with each tagged image of the tagged set of images being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data; execute a mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on the telemetry data; identify, based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images; and generate a second flight path for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. 2. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
receive at least one image of the at least one omitted portion from the drone during the second flight path; map the at least one image to the 3D model, based on telemetry data received from the drone at a time of capture of the at least one image of the at least one omitted portion. 3. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
execute the mapping including relating an image of the tagged set of images to a corresponding portion and surface area of the 3D model based on a field of view of a camera mounted on the drone and used to obtain the set of images, relative to a drone position at a time of image capture of the image. 4. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
filter the set of images based on image quality to remove at least one filtered image; identify a filtered portion of the 3D inspection object, based on telemetry data from the drone at a time of capture of the at least one filtered image; and specify a position of the drone to capture an image of the filtered portion of the 3D inspection object during execution of the second flight path. 5. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
generate the 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on image data and telemetry data captured during execution of a modeling flight path executed prior to the execution of the first flight path. 6. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
execute a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify damage to the 3D inspection object within at least one image of the set of tagged images; identify, based on the mapping and on the damage classification, at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object; and include, in the second flight path for the drone, a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object. 7. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
generate a graphical user interface (GUI) configured to illustrate execution of the first flight path relative to the 3D inspection object, including illustrating completed portions and uncompleted portions of the first flight path, wherein the GUI is further configured to illustrate the at least one omitted portion during execution of the second flight path. 8. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
generate the second flight path including generating geospatial coordinates for the drone to be positioned to perform image capture of the at least one omitted portion. 9. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the 3D inspection object includes a wind turbine having a plurality of turbine blades. 10. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the instructions, when executed, are further configured to cause the at least one computing device to:
sort the set of tagged images and the image of the at least one omitted portion to correspond to each turbine blade of the plurality of turbine blades. 11. A computer-implemented method, the method comprising:
receive a set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path; receive telemetry data from the drone characterizing drone positions of the drone, during the execution of the first flight path; store a tagged set of images, with each tagged image of the tagged set of images being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data; execute a mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on the telemetry data; identify, based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images; and generate a second flight path for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
executing the mapping including relating an image of the tagged set of images to a corresponding portion and surface area of the 3D model based on a field of view of a camera mounted on the drone and used to obtain the set of images, relative to a drone position at a time of image capture of the image. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
filtering the set of images based on image quality to remove at least one filtered image; identifying a filtered portion of the 3D inspection object, based on telemetry data from the drone at a time of capture of the at least one filtered image; and specifying a position of the drone to capture an image of the filtered portion of the 3D inspection object during execution of the second flight path. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
generating the 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on image data and telemetry data captured during execution of a modeling flight path executed prior to the execution of the first flight path. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
executing a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify damage to the 3D inspection object within at least one image of the set of tagged images; identifying, based on the mapping and on the damage classification, at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object; and including, in the second flight path for the drone, a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one damaged portion of the 3D inspection object. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
generating a graphical user interface (GUI) configured to illustrate execution of the first flight path relative to the 3D inspection object, including illustrating completed portions and uncompleted portions of the first flight path, wherein the GUI is further configured to illustrate the at least one omitted portion during execution of the second flight path. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
generating the second flight path including generating geospatial coordinates for the drone to be positioned to perform image capture of the at least one omitted portion. 18. A system comprising:
at least one memory including instructions; and at least one processor that is operably coupled to the at least one memory and that is arranged and configured to execute instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to receive a set of images of a three-dimensional (3D) inspection object collected by a drone during execution of a first flight path; receive telemetry data from the drone characterizing drone positions of the drone, during the execution of the first flight path; store a tagged set of images, with each tagged image of the tagged set of images being stored together with a corresponding drone position at a corresponding time that the tagged image was captured, as obtained from the telemetry data; execute a mapping of the set of tagged images to corresponding portions of a 3D model of the 3D inspection object, based on the telemetry data; identify, based on the mapping, at least one portion of the 3D inspection object omitted from the set of tagged images; and generate a second flight path for the drone that specifies a position of the drone to capture an image of the at least one omitted portion of the 3D inspection object. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the system is further configured to:
execute the mapping including relating an image of the tagged set of images to a corresponding portion and surface area of the 3D model based on a field of view of a camera mounted on the drone and used to obtain the set of images, relative to a drone position at a time of image capture of the image. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the system is further configured to:
generate a graphical user interface (GUI) configured to illustrate execution of the first flight path relative to the 3D inspection object, including illustrating completed portions and uncompleted portions of the first flight path, wherein the GUI is further configured to illustrate the at least one omitted portion during execution of the second flight path. | 2,600 |
346,659 | 16,805,128 | 2,664 | An embodiment of a module (e.g., an amplifier module) includes a substrate, a transmission line, and a ground plane height variation structure. The substrate is formed from a plurality of dielectric material layers, and has a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface. A plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface. The transmission line is coupled to the substrate and is located within a first zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones. The ground plane height variation structure extends from the second surface into the substrate within the first zone. The ground plane height variation structure underlies the transmission line, a portion of the substrate is present between the upper boundary and the transmission line, and the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface. | 1. A module comprising:
a substrate formed from dielectric material, and having a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface, wherein a plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface; first and second power transistors coupled to the substrate within first and second zones of the plurality of non-overlapping zones; a conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a third zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the conductive line is electrically coupled between the first and second power transistors; and a ground plane height variation structure extending from the second surface into the substrate within the third zone, wherein the ground plane height variation structure underlies the conductive line but does not underlie the first and second power transistors, a portion of the substrate is present between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the conductive line, and the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between the upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface. 2. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive vias within the first zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate. 3. The module of claim 2, wherein the ground plane height variation structure further comprises:
a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive vias have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 4. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive trenches within the first zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate. 5. The module of claim 4, wherein the ground plane height variation structure further comprises:
a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive trenches have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 6. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a solid conductive structure disposed in a cavity within the substrate. 7. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a hollow conductive structure that includes a first conductive layer disposed on a top interior wall of a cavity within the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an interior sidewall of the cavity. 8. The module of claim 1, wherein a height of the ground plane variation structure is at least half of a total thickness of the substrate. 9. The module of claim 1, wherein a height of the ground plane variation structure is more than half of a total thickness of the substrate. 10. A power amplifier module comprising:
a substrate formed from dielectric material, and having a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface, wherein a plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface; a first power transistor die coupled to the mounting surface in a first zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the first power transistor die includes a first transistor integrated within the first power transistor die, and wherein the first transistor includes a first output terminal; a second power transistor die coupled to the mounting surface in a second zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the second power transistor die includes a second transistor integrated within the second power transistor die, and wherein the second transistor includes a second output terminal; a first conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a third zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein a first end of the first conductive line is coupled to the first output terminal, and a second end of the first conductive line is coupled to the second output terminal; and a ground plane height variation structure extending from the second surface of the substrate into the substrate within the third zone, wherein the ground plane height variation structure underlies the first conductive line but does not underlie the first power transistor die or the second power transistor die, the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface, and a portion of the substrate is present between the upper boundary and the first conductive line. 11. The amplifier module of claim 10, further comprising:
a second conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a fourth zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the ground plane height variation structure does not underlie the second conductive line. 12. The amplifier module of claim 10, further comprising:
first wirebonds connected between the first output terminal and the first end of the first conductive line; and second wirebonds connected between the second output terminal and the second end of the first conductive line, and wherein the first conductive line, the first wirebonds, and the second wirebonds form portions of a phase delay and impedance inversion element, and wherein the phase shift and impedance inversion element has an electrical length that is less than 90 degrees. 13. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive vias within the third zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate; and a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive vias have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 14. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive trenches within the third zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate; and a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive trenches have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 15. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a solid conductive structure disposed in a cavity within the substrate. 16. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a hollow conductive structure that includes a first conductive layer disposed on a top interior wall of a cavity within the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an interior sidewall of the cavity. 17. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the first power transistor die is a carrier amplifier die of a Doherty power amplifier, and the second power transistor die is a peaking amplifier die of a Doherty power amplifier. 18. A Doherty amplifier comprising:
a substrate formed from dielectric material, and having a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface, wherein a plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface; a carrier amplifier die coupled to the mounting surface, wherein the carrier amplifier die includes a first transistor with a first drain terminal; a peaking amplifier die coupled to the mounting surface, wherein the peaking amplifier die includes a second transistor with a second drain terminal; a phase shift and impedance inversion structure connected between the first drain terminal and the second drain terminal, wherein the phase shift and impedance inversion structure includes a first conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a first zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein a first end of the first conductive line is coupled to the first drain terminal, and a second end of the first conductive line is coupled to the second drain terminal; and a ground plane height variation structure extending from the second surface of the substrate into the substrate within the first zone, wherein the ground plane height variation structure underlies the first conductive line but does not underlie the carrier amplifier die or the peaking amplifier die, the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface, and a portion of the substrate is present between the upper boundary and the first conductive line. 19. The Doherty amplifier of claim 18, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of vertical conductive features within the first zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate; and a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the vertical conductive features have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 20. The Doherty amplifier of claim 18, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a solid conductive structure disposed in a cavity within the substrate. 21. The Doherty amplifier of claim 18, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a hollow conductive structure that includes a first conductive layer disposed on a top interior wall of a cavity within the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an interior sidewall of the cavity. | An embodiment of a module (e.g., an amplifier module) includes a substrate, a transmission line, and a ground plane height variation structure. The substrate is formed from a plurality of dielectric material layers, and has a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface. A plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface. The transmission line is coupled to the substrate and is located within a first zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones. The ground plane height variation structure extends from the second surface into the substrate within the first zone. The ground plane height variation structure underlies the transmission line, a portion of the substrate is present between the upper boundary and the transmission line, and the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface.1. A module comprising:
a substrate formed from dielectric material, and having a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface, wherein a plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface; first and second power transistors coupled to the substrate within first and second zones of the plurality of non-overlapping zones; a conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a third zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the conductive line is electrically coupled between the first and second power transistors; and a ground plane height variation structure extending from the second surface into the substrate within the third zone, wherein the ground plane height variation structure underlies the conductive line but does not underlie the first and second power transistors, a portion of the substrate is present between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the conductive line, and the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between the upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface. 2. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive vias within the first zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate. 3. The module of claim 2, wherein the ground plane height variation structure further comprises:
a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive vias have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 4. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive trenches within the first zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate. 5. The module of claim 4, wherein the ground plane height variation structure further comprises:
a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive trenches have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 6. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a solid conductive structure disposed in a cavity within the substrate. 7. The module of claim 1, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a hollow conductive structure that includes a first conductive layer disposed on a top interior wall of a cavity within the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an interior sidewall of the cavity. 8. The module of claim 1, wherein a height of the ground plane variation structure is at least half of a total thickness of the substrate. 9. The module of claim 1, wherein a height of the ground plane variation structure is more than half of a total thickness of the substrate. 10. A power amplifier module comprising:
a substrate formed from dielectric material, and having a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface, wherein a plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface; a first power transistor die coupled to the mounting surface in a first zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the first power transistor die includes a first transistor integrated within the first power transistor die, and wherein the first transistor includes a first output terminal; a second power transistor die coupled to the mounting surface in a second zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the second power transistor die includes a second transistor integrated within the second power transistor die, and wherein the second transistor includes a second output terminal; a first conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a third zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein a first end of the first conductive line is coupled to the first output terminal, and a second end of the first conductive line is coupled to the second output terminal; and a ground plane height variation structure extending from the second surface of the substrate into the substrate within the third zone, wherein the ground plane height variation structure underlies the first conductive line but does not underlie the first power transistor die or the second power transistor die, the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface, and a portion of the substrate is present between the upper boundary and the first conductive line. 11. The amplifier module of claim 10, further comprising:
a second conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a fourth zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein the ground plane height variation structure does not underlie the second conductive line. 12. The amplifier module of claim 10, further comprising:
first wirebonds connected between the first output terminal and the first end of the first conductive line; and second wirebonds connected between the second output terminal and the second end of the first conductive line, and wherein the first conductive line, the first wirebonds, and the second wirebonds form portions of a phase delay and impedance inversion element, and wherein the phase shift and impedance inversion element has an electrical length that is less than 90 degrees. 13. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive vias within the third zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate; and a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive vias have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 14. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of conductive trenches within the third zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate; and a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the conductive trenches have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 15. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a solid conductive structure disposed in a cavity within the substrate. 16. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a hollow conductive structure that includes a first conductive layer disposed on a top interior wall of a cavity within the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an interior sidewall of the cavity. 17. The amplifier module of claim 10, wherein the first power transistor die is a carrier amplifier die of a Doherty power amplifier, and the second power transistor die is a peaking amplifier die of a Doherty power amplifier. 18. A Doherty amplifier comprising:
a substrate formed from dielectric material, and having a mounting surface and a second surface opposite the mounting surface, wherein a plurality of non-overlapping zones is defined at the mounting surface; a carrier amplifier die coupled to the mounting surface, wherein the carrier amplifier die includes a first transistor with a first drain terminal; a peaking amplifier die coupled to the mounting surface, wherein the peaking amplifier die includes a second transistor with a second drain terminal; a phase shift and impedance inversion structure connected between the first drain terminal and the second drain terminal, wherein the phase shift and impedance inversion structure includes a first conductive line coupled to the substrate and located within a first zone of the plurality of non-overlapping zones, wherein a first end of the first conductive line is coupled to the first drain terminal, and a second end of the first conductive line is coupled to the second drain terminal; and a ground plane height variation structure extending from the second surface of the substrate into the substrate within the first zone, wherein the ground plane height variation structure underlies the first conductive line but does not underlie the carrier amplifier die or the peaking amplifier die, the ground plane height variation structure includes a conductive path between an upper boundary of the ground plane height variation structure and the second surface, and a portion of the substrate is present between the upper boundary and the first conductive line. 19. The Doherty amplifier of claim 18, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a plurality of vertical conductive features within the first zone and extending from the second surface into the substrate; and a conductive plane embedded within the substrate and defining the upper boundary, wherein the vertical conductive features have first ends that are co-planar with the second surface, and second ends connected to the conductive plane. 20. The Doherty amplifier of claim 18, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a solid conductive structure disposed in a cavity within the substrate. 21. The Doherty amplifier of claim 18, wherein the ground plane height variation structure comprises:
a hollow conductive structure that includes a first conductive layer disposed on a top interior wall of a cavity within the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an interior sidewall of the cavity. | 2,600 |
346,660 | 16,805,076 | 2,664 | A system and method for synchronizing patient medical parameters and dialysis parameters. The system and related method allow for the determination of the effect of dialysis on patient health. The invention also allows for the determination of whether observed patient health effects are due to specific dialysis parameters and for making necessary changes to the dialysis parameters in order to improve patient health. | 1-17. (canceled) 18. A method, comprising:
obtaining at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter from a sensor; obtaining at least one dialysis parameter from a dialysis session performed on a subject; associating the at least one medical parameter and the at least one dialysis parameter with a time corresponding to the time of obtaining the at least one medical parameter and at least one dialysis parameter; and determining whether an arrhythmia is due to any one of fluid management, electrolyte management, or both fluid management and electrolyte management. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of providing a synchronized output showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter and the at least one dialysis parameter as a function of the time. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising continuously monitoring the at least one medical parameter for a period of time over multiple dialysis sessions, and wherein the output is a display showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter for a period of time including multiple dialysis sessions, and comprising providing an output showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter for a set time period before the dialysis session, during the dialysis session and after the dialysis session. 21. The method of claim 18, further comprising continuously monitoring the at least one medical parameter for a set period of time before and after a dialysis session; wherein the set time period before the dialysis session and the set time period after a dialysis session are between any of: 1 hour-1 year, 1-2 hours, 1 hour-1 day, 4 hours-7 days, 1 day-1 month, or 7 days-30 days, 30 days-6 months, or 4 months-1 year. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter is obtained from an implantable medical device. 23. The method of claim 18, further comprising adjusting a measurement frequency based any one of an occurrence of arrhythmia, patient fluid level, post-dialysis weight, pre-dialysis weight, or a time duration of arrhythmia. 24. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of determining whether an arrhythmia is due to fluid management comprises one or both of:
comparing a fluid level of the patient to a fluid level of the patient before, during or after previous dialysis sessions, wherein the previous dialysis sessions did not result in arrhythmia; and comparing the rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a dialysis session within a set time period of the arrhythmia to a rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a previous dialysis session of the patient, wherein the previous dialysis session did not result in arrhythmia. 25. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of determining whether an arrhythmia is due to fluid management comprises comparing a change in a concentration of an electrolyte within a set time period of the arrythmia. 26. The method of claim 29, wherein the electrolyte is potassium. 27. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one dialysis parameter from a dialysis session is obtained automatically from a dialysis machine. 28. The method of claim 18, further comprising determining a new ultrafiltration rate or ultrafiltration magnitude for a patient if the arrhythmia is determined to be due to fluid management. 29. The method of claim 18, further comprising determining a new concentration of one or more electrolytes in a dialysate for a patient if the arrhythmia is determined to be due to electrolyte management. 30. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of using an algorithm to determine a total hazard estimate of a ventricular arrhythmia based on the at least one medical parameter, wherein the algorithm, for each of the at least one medical parameters, calculates an individual hazard estimate given by y1(t)=h1(t)⊗x1(t), wherein h1(t)=k1ek 2 t, t is time, y1(t) is the individual hazard estimate at time t, k1 and k2 are constants for the given parameter, x1(t) is the medical parameter at time t, and ⊗ is a convolution operator; and wherein the total hazard estimate is either a linear or nonlinear summation of individual hazard estimates. 31. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of using an adaptive filter to alter each of the constants periodically. 32. The method of claim 18, wherein the sensor is implanted in the subject. 33. The method of claim 18, wherein the method is performed by a processor of a medical monitoring system. 34. The method of claim 19, wherein the synchronized output is a chart showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter and the at least one dialysis parameter on the same chart. 35. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter comprises arrhythmia information. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the arrhythmia information comprises at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia timing, arrhythmia duration, arrhythmia rate, arrhythmia burden, and arrhythmia type. 37. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia information, heart rate, fluid level, blood ion levels, and blood pressure, post-dialysis weight, and pre-dialysis weight. | A system and method for synchronizing patient medical parameters and dialysis parameters. The system and related method allow for the determination of the effect of dialysis on patient health. The invention also allows for the determination of whether observed patient health effects are due to specific dialysis parameters and for making necessary changes to the dialysis parameters in order to improve patient health.1-17. (canceled) 18. A method, comprising:
obtaining at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter from a sensor; obtaining at least one dialysis parameter from a dialysis session performed on a subject; associating the at least one medical parameter and the at least one dialysis parameter with a time corresponding to the time of obtaining the at least one medical parameter and at least one dialysis parameter; and determining whether an arrhythmia is due to any one of fluid management, electrolyte management, or both fluid management and electrolyte management. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of providing a synchronized output showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter and the at least one dialysis parameter as a function of the time. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising continuously monitoring the at least one medical parameter for a period of time over multiple dialysis sessions, and wherein the output is a display showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter for a period of time including multiple dialysis sessions, and comprising providing an output showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter for a set time period before the dialysis session, during the dialysis session and after the dialysis session. 21. The method of claim 18, further comprising continuously monitoring the at least one medical parameter for a set period of time before and after a dialysis session; wherein the set time period before the dialysis session and the set time period after a dialysis session are between any of: 1 hour-1 year, 1-2 hours, 1 hour-1 day, 4 hours-7 days, 1 day-1 month, or 7 days-30 days, 30 days-6 months, or 4 months-1 year. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter is obtained from an implantable medical device. 23. The method of claim 18, further comprising adjusting a measurement frequency based any one of an occurrence of arrhythmia, patient fluid level, post-dialysis weight, pre-dialysis weight, or a time duration of arrhythmia. 24. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of determining whether an arrhythmia is due to fluid management comprises one or both of:
comparing a fluid level of the patient to a fluid level of the patient before, during or after previous dialysis sessions, wherein the previous dialysis sessions did not result in arrhythmia; and comparing the rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a dialysis session within a set time period of the arrhythmia to a rate and magnitude of fluid level drop during a previous dialysis session of the patient, wherein the previous dialysis session did not result in arrhythmia. 25. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of determining whether an arrhythmia is due to fluid management comprises comparing a change in a concentration of an electrolyte within a set time period of the arrythmia. 26. The method of claim 29, wherein the electrolyte is potassium. 27. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one dialysis parameter from a dialysis session is obtained automatically from a dialysis machine. 28. The method of claim 18, further comprising determining a new ultrafiltration rate or ultrafiltration magnitude for a patient if the arrhythmia is determined to be due to fluid management. 29. The method of claim 18, further comprising determining a new concentration of one or more electrolytes in a dialysate for a patient if the arrhythmia is determined to be due to electrolyte management. 30. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of using an algorithm to determine a total hazard estimate of a ventricular arrhythmia based on the at least one medical parameter, wherein the algorithm, for each of the at least one medical parameters, calculates an individual hazard estimate given by y1(t)=h1(t)⊗x1(t), wherein h1(t)=k1ek 2 t, t is time, y1(t) is the individual hazard estimate at time t, k1 and k2 are constants for the given parameter, x1(t) is the medical parameter at time t, and ⊗ is a convolution operator; and wherein the total hazard estimate is either a linear or nonlinear summation of individual hazard estimates. 31. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of using an adaptive filter to alter each of the constants periodically. 32. The method of claim 18, wherein the sensor is implanted in the subject. 33. The method of claim 18, wherein the method is performed by a processor of a medical monitoring system. 34. The method of claim 19, wherein the synchronized output is a chart showing the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter and the at least one dialysis parameter on the same chart. 35. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter comprises arrhythmia information. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the arrhythmia information comprises at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia timing, arrhythmia duration, arrhythmia rate, arrhythmia burden, and arrhythmia type. 37. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one set of data of at least one medical parameter comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of arrhythmia information, heart rate, fluid level, blood ion levels, and blood pressure, post-dialysis weight, and pre-dialysis weight. | 2,600 |
346,661 | 16,805,100 | 2,664 | Methods and systems for file level prioritization during a data restore operation are disclosed. According to some embodiments, in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, the method includes retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value. The method further includes sorting the file(s) based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. The method further includes restoring the sorted file(s) at a target site. | 1. A computer-implemented method for file level prioritization during a data recovery operation, comprising:
in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value; sorting the one or more files based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file; and restoring the sorted one or more files at a target site. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising prior to retrieving the file information and the critical value associated with the file, receiving a thesis file having the file information and the critical value of the file. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the Euclidean distance of the file to the consecutive file comprises taking a dot product of the critical value and a sequence of the file in a queue. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein restoring the sorted one or more files at the target site comprises restoring a nearest and most critical file in accordance with the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the file information includes a file type or a filename. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising allocating data streams according to nearest and critical files from the one or more files. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the thesis file is received on an on-demand basis. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising routing the sorted one or more files to a target buffer within available data streams for one or more read operations. 9. A non-transitory machine-readable medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value; sorting the one or more files based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file; and restoring the sorted one or more files at a target site. 10. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise prior to retrieving the file information and the critical value associated with the file, receiving a thesis file having the file information and the critical value of the file. 11. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein calculating the Euclidean distance of the file to the consecutive file comprises taking a dot product of the critical value and a sequence of the file in a queue. 12. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein restoring the sorted one or more files at the target site comprises restoring a nearest and most critical file in accordance with the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. 13. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the file information includes a file type or a filename. 14. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise allocating data streams according to nearest and critical files from the one or more files. 15. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the thesis file is received on an on-demand basis. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise routing the sorted one or more files to a target buffer within available data streams for one or more read operations. 17. A data processing system, comprising:
a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor to store instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations including: in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value; sorting the one or more files based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file; and restoring the sorted one or more files at a target site. 18. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein the operations further include prior to retrieving the file information and the critical value associated with the file, receiving a thesis file having the file information and the critical value of the file. 19. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein calculating the Euclidean distance of the file to the consecutive file comprises taking a dot product of the critical value and a sequence of the file in a queue. 20. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein restoring the sorted one or more files at the target site comprises restoring a nearest and most critical file in accordance with the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. 21. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein the file information includes a file type or a filename. 22. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein the operations further include allocating data streams according to nearest and critical files from the one or more files. | Methods and systems for file level prioritization during a data restore operation are disclosed. According to some embodiments, in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, the method includes retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value. The method further includes sorting the file(s) based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. The method further includes restoring the sorted file(s) at a target site.1. A computer-implemented method for file level prioritization during a data recovery operation, comprising:
in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value; sorting the one or more files based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file; and restoring the sorted one or more files at a target site. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising prior to retrieving the file information and the critical value associated with the file, receiving a thesis file having the file information and the critical value of the file. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the Euclidean distance of the file to the consecutive file comprises taking a dot product of the critical value and a sequence of the file in a queue. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein restoring the sorted one or more files at the target site comprises restoring a nearest and most critical file in accordance with the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the file information includes a file type or a filename. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising allocating data streams according to nearest and critical files from the one or more files. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the thesis file is received on an on-demand basis. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising routing the sorted one or more files to a target buffer within available data streams for one or more read operations. 9. A non-transitory machine-readable medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value; sorting the one or more files based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file; and restoring the sorted one or more files at a target site. 10. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise prior to retrieving the file information and the critical value associated with the file, receiving a thesis file having the file information and the critical value of the file. 11. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein calculating the Euclidean distance of the file to the consecutive file comprises taking a dot product of the critical value and a sequence of the file in a queue. 12. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein restoring the sorted one or more files at the target site comprises restoring a nearest and most critical file in accordance with the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. 13. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the file information includes a file type or a filename. 14. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise allocating data streams according to nearest and critical files from the one or more files. 15. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the thesis file is received on an on-demand basis. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise routing the sorted one or more files to a target buffer within available data streams for one or more read operations. 17. A data processing system, comprising:
a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor to store instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations including: in response to a restore request to restore one or more files and for each file, retrieving file information and a critical value associated with the file, and calculating a Euclidean distance of the file to a consecutive file based on the critical value; sorting the one or more files based on the calculated Euclidean distance of each file; and restoring the sorted one or more files at a target site. 18. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein the operations further include prior to retrieving the file information and the critical value associated with the file, receiving a thesis file having the file information and the critical value of the file. 19. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein calculating the Euclidean distance of the file to the consecutive file comprises taking a dot product of the critical value and a sequence of the file in a queue. 20. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein restoring the sorted one or more files at the target site comprises restoring a nearest and most critical file in accordance with the calculated Euclidean distance of each file. 21. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein the file information includes a file type or a filename. 22. The data processing system of claim 17, wherein the operations further include allocating data streams according to nearest and critical files from the one or more files. | 2,600 |
346,662 | 16,805,083 | 2,664 | A method including acquiring, by a primary database, in response to a transaction commit request, a log difference between a transaction log of the primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database; suspending a transaction commit operation if the log difference is greater than a first threshold; and executing the transaction commit operations if the log difference is less than or equal to the first threshold. | 1. A method comprising:
acquiring a log difference between a transaction log of a primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database; determining that the log difference is greater than a first threshold; and suspending a transaction commit operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database comprises:
acquiring, in response to a transaction commit request, the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction log that has been synchronized to the secondary database; 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the suspending the transaction commit operation comprises suspending the transaction commit operations corresponding to the transaction commit request. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the suspending the transaction commit operation comprises suspending a transaction commit operation already in progress and a transaction commit operation that is ready to be executed in the primary database. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction logs of the secondary database comprises:
acquiring a latest log written point in the primary database; acquiring a latest log sent point in the primary database; and determining the log difference based on the latest log point and the latest log sent point. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein
the primary database records points of sent logs transmitted to the secondary database. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining that the log difference is greater than a second threshold; and sending first prompt information to an administrator. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
monitoring, within a predetermined time, an increasing rate of the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction log that has been synchronized to the secondary database; determining that the increasing rate is greater than a third threshold; and sending second prompt information to the administrator. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by the primary database. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by a third-party apparatus. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the transaction log of the primary database is actively synchronized to the secondary database by the secondary database. 12. An electronic device comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more computer readable media storing computer readable instructions that, executable by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform acts comprising:
acquiring, in response to a transaction commit request, a log difference between a transaction log of a primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database;
determining that the log difference is less than or equal to a first threshold; and
executing a transaction commit operation. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the executing the transaction commit operation comprises executing the transaction commit operation corresponding to the transaction commit request. 14. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the acts further comprise:
writing a transaction log for executing the transaction commit operation into the transaction log of the primary database. 15. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction logs of the secondary database comprises:
acquiring a latest log written point in the primary database; acquiring a latest log sent point in the primary database; and determining the log difference based on the latest log point and the latest log sent point. 16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein:
the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by the primary database; the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by a third-party apparatus; or the transaction log of the primary database is actively synchronized to the secondary database by the secondary database. 17. One or more computer readable media storing computer readable instructions that, executable by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform acts comprising:
acquiring, in response to a transaction commit request, a log difference between a transaction log of a primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database; suspending a transaction commit operation in response to determining that the log difference is greater than a first threshold; and executing the transaction commit operation in response to determining that the log difference is less than or equal to the first threshold. 18. The one or more computer readable media of claim 17, wherein
the suspending the transaction commit operation comprises suspending the transaction commit operations corresponding to the transaction commit request; and the executing the transaction commit operation comprises executing the transaction commit operations corresponding to the transaction commit request. 19. The one or more computer readable media of claim 17, wherein the executing the transaction commit operation comprises:
executing the suspended transaction commit operation; or in response to determining that there is no suspended transaction commit operation, executing the transaction commit operation corresponding to the transaction commit request. 20. The one or more computer readable media of claim 17, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction logs of the secondary database comprises:
acquiring a latest log written point in the primary database; acquiring a latest log sent point in the primary database; and determining the log difference based on the latest log point and the latest log sent point. | A method including acquiring, by a primary database, in response to a transaction commit request, a log difference between a transaction log of the primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database; suspending a transaction commit operation if the log difference is greater than a first threshold; and executing the transaction commit operations if the log difference is less than or equal to the first threshold.1. A method comprising:
acquiring a log difference between a transaction log of a primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database; determining that the log difference is greater than a first threshold; and suspending a transaction commit operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database comprises:
acquiring, in response to a transaction commit request, the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction log that has been synchronized to the secondary database; 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the suspending the transaction commit operation comprises suspending the transaction commit operations corresponding to the transaction commit request. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the suspending the transaction commit operation comprises suspending a transaction commit operation already in progress and a transaction commit operation that is ready to be executed in the primary database. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction logs of the secondary database comprises:
acquiring a latest log written point in the primary database; acquiring a latest log sent point in the primary database; and determining the log difference based on the latest log point and the latest log sent point. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein
the primary database records points of sent logs transmitted to the secondary database. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining that the log difference is greater than a second threshold; and sending first prompt information to an administrator. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
monitoring, within a predetermined time, an increasing rate of the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction log that has been synchronized to the secondary database; determining that the increasing rate is greater than a third threshold; and sending second prompt information to the administrator. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by the primary database. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by a third-party apparatus. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the transaction log of the primary database is actively synchronized to the secondary database by the secondary database. 12. An electronic device comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more computer readable media storing computer readable instructions that, executable by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform acts comprising:
acquiring, in response to a transaction commit request, a log difference between a transaction log of a primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database;
determining that the log difference is less than or equal to a first threshold; and
executing a transaction commit operation. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the executing the transaction commit operation comprises executing the transaction commit operation corresponding to the transaction commit request. 14. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the acts further comprise:
writing a transaction log for executing the transaction commit operation into the transaction log of the primary database. 15. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction logs of the secondary database comprises:
acquiring a latest log written point in the primary database; acquiring a latest log sent point in the primary database; and determining the log difference based on the latest log point and the latest log sent point. 16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein:
the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by the primary database; the transaction log of the primary database is synchronized to the secondary database by a third-party apparatus; or the transaction log of the primary database is actively synchronized to the secondary database by the secondary database. 17. One or more computer readable media storing computer readable instructions that, executable by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform acts comprising:
acquiring, in response to a transaction commit request, a log difference between a transaction log of a primary database and a transaction log that has been synchronized to a secondary database; suspending a transaction commit operation in response to determining that the log difference is greater than a first threshold; and executing the transaction commit operation in response to determining that the log difference is less than or equal to the first threshold. 18. The one or more computer readable media of claim 17, wherein
the suspending the transaction commit operation comprises suspending the transaction commit operations corresponding to the transaction commit request; and the executing the transaction commit operation comprises executing the transaction commit operations corresponding to the transaction commit request. 19. The one or more computer readable media of claim 17, wherein the executing the transaction commit operation comprises:
executing the suspended transaction commit operation; or in response to determining that there is no suspended transaction commit operation, executing the transaction commit operation corresponding to the transaction commit request. 20. The one or more computer readable media of claim 17, wherein the acquiring the log difference between the transaction log of the primary database and the transaction logs of the secondary database comprises:
acquiring a latest log written point in the primary database; acquiring a latest log sent point in the primary database; and determining the log difference based on the latest log point and the latest log sent point. | 2,600 |
346,663 | 16,805,091 | 2,664 | An electromagnetic wave radiator may include: a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer. The second metal layer includes a plurality of ports radially extending from edges of the second metal layer and a plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction. | 1. An antenna comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; and a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity. 2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals are combined with each other by being resonated in the resonant cavity 3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals have an identical amplitude, and phase differences between plurality of signals applied via two adjacent ports are identical. 4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports, the resonant cavity, and the plurality of slots are configured to function as a slot antenna, a resonant tank, a power combining network, and a radiator. 5. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of amplification circuits disposed in a loop shape, each of the plurality of amplification circuits being disposed between two adjacent ports of the plurality of ports. 6. The antenna of claim 1, each of the plurality of amplification circuits comprises an input matching unit, an inter-stage matching unit, an output matching unit, a first common emitter transistor between the input matching unit and the inter-stage matching unit, and a second common emitter transistor between the inter-stage matching unit and the output matching unit. 7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the first common emitter transistor and the second common emitter transistor have an identical voltage gain. 8. The antenna of claim 1, port impedances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other, and port admittances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other. 9. The antenna of claim 8, each of the port admittances has a negative resistance offsetting a cavity load impedance at a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, and a total admittance of the antenna has a negative real part at the resonant frequency. 10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports are disposed to protrude a side surface of the resonant cavity, and
wherein the plurality of slots are radially disposed on an upper surface of the resonant cavity 11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the plurality of ports are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of ports extends a radial direction, and
the plurality of slots are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of slots extends in a radial direction, and. 12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein one port of the plurality of ports and one slot of the plurality of slots corresponding to the one port of the plurality of ports extend in a line. 13. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna has a radially symmetric structure such that the antenna is configured to radiate a circularly-polarized millimeter-wave/terahertz (THz) wave. 14. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity comprises:
a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer, wherein the second metal layer comprises the plurality of ports extending radially from edges of the second metal layer and the plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction, wherein the resonant cavity is defined as a space surrounded by the first metal layer, the plurality of side walls, and the second metal layer. 15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein every pair of adjacent metal side walls of the plurality of metal side walls is spaced apart from each other, and each port of the plurality of ports is disposed to pass through a gap between a corresponding pair of adjacent metal side walls. 16. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer is surrounded by the plurality of metal side walls. 17. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer further comprises an opening penetrating through a central region of the second metal layer. 18. The antenna of claim 14, wherein each of the plurality of slots is positioned between a respective portion of the second metal layer and the center portion of the second metal layer. 19. An electromagnetic wave radiator comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity; and at least one oscillator configured to provide the plurality of signals to each of the plurality of ports. 20. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is configured so that the plurality of signals provided to the plurality of ports have an identical amplitude and different phases from each other, and phase differences between signals applied to two adjacent ports are identical. 21. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the plurality of ports has n ports, and a phase of the signal applied to an m-th port is 2mπ/n, where n is a natural number and m is 0, 1, . . . , n−1. 22. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports in a one-to-one manner. 23. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein one oscillator of the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports via a plurality of wires and each of the plurality of wires has an electrical length providing a different phase delay from each other. | An electromagnetic wave radiator may include: a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer. The second metal layer includes a plurality of ports radially extending from edges of the second metal layer and a plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction.1. An antenna comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; and a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity. 2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals are combined with each other by being resonated in the resonant cavity 3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals have an identical amplitude, and phase differences between plurality of signals applied via two adjacent ports are identical. 4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports, the resonant cavity, and the plurality of slots are configured to function as a slot antenna, a resonant tank, a power combining network, and a radiator. 5. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of amplification circuits disposed in a loop shape, each of the plurality of amplification circuits being disposed between two adjacent ports of the plurality of ports. 6. The antenna of claim 1, each of the plurality of amplification circuits comprises an input matching unit, an inter-stage matching unit, an output matching unit, a first common emitter transistor between the input matching unit and the inter-stage matching unit, and a second common emitter transistor between the inter-stage matching unit and the output matching unit. 7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the first common emitter transistor and the second common emitter transistor have an identical voltage gain. 8. The antenna of claim 1, port impedances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other, and port admittances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other. 9. The antenna of claim 8, each of the port admittances has a negative resistance offsetting a cavity load impedance at a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, and a total admittance of the antenna has a negative real part at the resonant frequency. 10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports are disposed to protrude a side surface of the resonant cavity, and
wherein the plurality of slots are radially disposed on an upper surface of the resonant cavity 11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the plurality of ports are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of ports extends a radial direction, and
the plurality of slots are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of slots extends in a radial direction, and. 12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein one port of the plurality of ports and one slot of the plurality of slots corresponding to the one port of the plurality of ports extend in a line. 13. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna has a radially symmetric structure such that the antenna is configured to radiate a circularly-polarized millimeter-wave/terahertz (THz) wave. 14. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity comprises:
a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer, wherein the second metal layer comprises the plurality of ports extending radially from edges of the second metal layer and the plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction, wherein the resonant cavity is defined as a space surrounded by the first metal layer, the plurality of side walls, and the second metal layer. 15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein every pair of adjacent metal side walls of the plurality of metal side walls is spaced apart from each other, and each port of the plurality of ports is disposed to pass through a gap between a corresponding pair of adjacent metal side walls. 16. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer is surrounded by the plurality of metal side walls. 17. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer further comprises an opening penetrating through a central region of the second metal layer. 18. The antenna of claim 14, wherein each of the plurality of slots is positioned between a respective portion of the second metal layer and the center portion of the second metal layer. 19. An electromagnetic wave radiator comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity; and at least one oscillator configured to provide the plurality of signals to each of the plurality of ports. 20. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is configured so that the plurality of signals provided to the plurality of ports have an identical amplitude and different phases from each other, and phase differences between signals applied to two adjacent ports are identical. 21. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the plurality of ports has n ports, and a phase of the signal applied to an m-th port is 2mπ/n, where n is a natural number and m is 0, 1, . . . , n−1. 22. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports in a one-to-one manner. 23. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein one oscillator of the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports via a plurality of wires and each of the plurality of wires has an electrical length providing a different phase delay from each other. | 2,600 |
346,664 | 16,805,025 | 2,664 | An electromagnetic wave radiator may include: a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer. The second metal layer includes a plurality of ports radially extending from edges of the second metal layer and a plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction. | 1. An antenna comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; and a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity. 2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals are combined with each other by being resonated in the resonant cavity 3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals have an identical amplitude, and phase differences between plurality of signals applied via two adjacent ports are identical. 4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports, the resonant cavity, and the plurality of slots are configured to function as a slot antenna, a resonant tank, a power combining network, and a radiator. 5. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of amplification circuits disposed in a loop shape, each of the plurality of amplification circuits being disposed between two adjacent ports of the plurality of ports. 6. The antenna of claim 1, each of the plurality of amplification circuits comprises an input matching unit, an inter-stage matching unit, an output matching unit, a first common emitter transistor between the input matching unit and the inter-stage matching unit, and a second common emitter transistor between the inter-stage matching unit and the output matching unit. 7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the first common emitter transistor and the second common emitter transistor have an identical voltage gain. 8. The antenna of claim 1, port impedances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other, and port admittances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other. 9. The antenna of claim 8, each of the port admittances has a negative resistance offsetting a cavity load impedance at a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, and a total admittance of the antenna has a negative real part at the resonant frequency. 10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports are disposed to protrude a side surface of the resonant cavity, and
wherein the plurality of slots are radially disposed on an upper surface of the resonant cavity 11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the plurality of ports are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of ports extends a radial direction, and
the plurality of slots are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of slots extends in a radial direction, and. 12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein one port of the plurality of ports and one slot of the plurality of slots corresponding to the one port of the plurality of ports extend in a line. 13. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna has a radially symmetric structure such that the antenna is configured to radiate a circularly-polarized millimeter-wave/terahertz (THz) wave. 14. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity comprises:
a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer, wherein the second metal layer comprises the plurality of ports extending radially from edges of the second metal layer and the plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction, wherein the resonant cavity is defined as a space surrounded by the first metal layer, the plurality of side walls, and the second metal layer. 15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein every pair of adjacent metal side walls of the plurality of metal side walls is spaced apart from each other, and each port of the plurality of ports is disposed to pass through a gap between a corresponding pair of adjacent metal side walls. 16. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer is surrounded by the plurality of metal side walls. 17. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer further comprises an opening penetrating through a central region of the second metal layer. 18. The antenna of claim 14, wherein each of the plurality of slots is positioned between a respective portion of the second metal layer and the center portion of the second metal layer. 19. An electromagnetic wave radiator comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity; and at least one oscillator configured to provide the plurality of signals to each of the plurality of ports. 20. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is configured so that the plurality of signals provided to the plurality of ports have an identical amplitude and different phases from each other, and phase differences between signals applied to two adjacent ports are identical. 21. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the plurality of ports has n ports, and a phase of the signal applied to an m-th port is 2mπ/n, where n is a natural number and m is 0, 1, . . . , n−1. 22. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports in a one-to-one manner. 23. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein one oscillator of the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports via a plurality of wires and each of the plurality of wires has an electrical length providing a different phase delay from each other. | An electromagnetic wave radiator may include: a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer. The second metal layer includes a plurality of ports radially extending from edges of the second metal layer and a plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction.1. An antenna comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; and a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity. 2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals are combined with each other by being resonated in the resonant cavity 3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signals have an identical amplitude, and phase differences between plurality of signals applied via two adjacent ports are identical. 4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports, the resonant cavity, and the plurality of slots are configured to function as a slot antenna, a resonant tank, a power combining network, and a radiator. 5. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of amplification circuits disposed in a loop shape, each of the plurality of amplification circuits being disposed between two adjacent ports of the plurality of ports. 6. The antenna of claim 1, each of the plurality of amplification circuits comprises an input matching unit, an inter-stage matching unit, an output matching unit, a first common emitter transistor between the input matching unit and the inter-stage matching unit, and a second common emitter transistor between the inter-stage matching unit and the output matching unit. 7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the first common emitter transistor and the second common emitter transistor have an identical voltage gain. 8. The antenna of claim 1, port impedances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other, and port admittances for the plurality of ports are identical to each other. 9. The antenna of claim 8, each of the port admittances has a negative resistance offsetting a cavity load impedance at a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, and a total admittance of the antenna has a negative real part at the resonant frequency. 10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ports are disposed to protrude a side surface of the resonant cavity, and
wherein the plurality of slots are radially disposed on an upper surface of the resonant cavity 11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the plurality of ports are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of ports extends a radial direction, and
the plurality of slots are spaced apart from each other in an angular direction and each of the plurality of slots extends in a radial direction, and. 12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein one port of the plurality of ports and one slot of the plurality of slots corresponding to the one port of the plurality of ports extend in a line. 13. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna has a radially symmetric structure such that the antenna is configured to radiate a circularly-polarized millimeter-wave/terahertz (THz) wave. 14. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity comprises:
a first metal layer; a plurality of metal side walls vertically protruding along an edge of the first metal layer; and a second metal layer suspended over the first metal layer, wherein the second metal layer comprises the plurality of ports extending radially from edges of the second metal layer and the plurality of slots penetrating the second metal layer in a radial direction, wherein the resonant cavity is defined as a space surrounded by the first metal layer, the plurality of side walls, and the second metal layer. 15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein every pair of adjacent metal side walls of the plurality of metal side walls is spaced apart from each other, and each port of the plurality of ports is disposed to pass through a gap between a corresponding pair of adjacent metal side walls. 16. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer is surrounded by the plurality of metal side walls. 17. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the second metal layer further comprises an opening penetrating through a central region of the second metal layer. 18. The antenna of claim 14, wherein each of the plurality of slots is positioned between a respective portion of the second metal layer and the center portion of the second metal layer. 19. An electromagnetic wave radiator comprising:
a plurality of ports which are radially disposed; a resonant cavity connected to the plurality of ports and configured to combine a plurality of signals, which have different phases from each other, applied via the plurality of ports; a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic signal combined by the resonant cavity; and at least one oscillator configured to provide the plurality of signals to each of the plurality of ports. 20. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is configured so that the plurality of signals provided to the plurality of ports have an identical amplitude and different phases from each other, and phase differences between signals applied to two adjacent ports are identical. 21. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the plurality of ports has n ports, and a phase of the signal applied to an m-th port is 2mπ/n, where n is a natural number and m is 0, 1, . . . , n−1. 22. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports in a one-to-one manner. 23. The electromagnetic wave radiator of claim 19, wherein one oscillator of the at least one oscillator is connected to the plurality of ports via a plurality of wires and each of the plurality of wires has an electrical length providing a different phase delay from each other. | 2,600 |
346,665 | 16,805,104 | 2,664 | An electric axle assembly includes a suspension frame and drive assemblies coupled to opposing sides of the suspension frame. The electric axle assembly engages with wheels of a vehicle for rotating the wheels to move the vehicle along a ground surface. A drive unit transfers motive force to the wheels through one or more gearsets and axle shafts. | 1. An electric axle assembly comprising:
a suspension frame; a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly coupled to opposing sides of the suspension frame; a first wheel hub coupled to the first drive assembly and a second wheel hub coupled to the second drive assembly, the first and second wheel hubs arranged to support wheels for rotation about a first axis; a drive unit arranged in the first drive assembly; and a drivetrain comprising:
a first gearset arranged in the first drive assembly, the first gearset including a differential arranged along the second axis, a stub shaft coupled to the differential, a first output gearset coupled to the stub shaft, and a first planetary gearset coupled to the first output gearset and the first wheel hub;
a second gearset arranged in the second drive assembly, the second gearset including a second output gearset and a second planetary gearset coupled to the second output gearset and the second wheel hub; and
a portal shaft extending between the first and second gearsets, the portal shaft coupled to the differential and arranged for rotation about a second axis offset from the first axis;
wherein the second output gearset is coupled to the portal shaft opposite of the differential, the drive unit is configured to provide motive force to the differential, and the portal shaft is configured to transfer motive force from the differential to the second output gearset. 2. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein a bridge of the suspension frame is offset from the first axis, and wherein the portal shaft is arranged to substantially align with the bridge. 3. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the differential includes a case, a spider gear coupled to the case for rotation with the case about the second axis, and side gears coupled to the portal shaft and stub shaft, respectively, and engaged with the spider gear. 4. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the differential includes a case, a pair of planet gears coupled to the case for rotation with the case about the second axis, and side gears coupled to the portal shaft and stub shaft, respectively, and wherein the planet gears are engaged with each other and with respective ones of the side gears. 5. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the first output gearset includes a pinion gear coupled to the stub shaft and an output gear coupled to the first planetary gearset and engaged with the pinion gear. 6. The electric axle assembly of claim 5, wherein the output gear is arranged for rotation about the first axis. 7. The electric axle assembly of claim 5, wherein the first planetary gearset includes a sun gear coupled to the output gear for rotation about the first axis, a planet gear arranged radially outward of the sun gear and engaged with the sun gear, a ring gear arranged radially outward of the planet gear and engaged with the planet gear, and a carrier coupled to the planet gear and the first wheel hub, and wherein the ring gear is stationary relative to the first axis. 8. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the second output gearset includes a pinion gear coupled to the portal shaft and an output gear coupled to the second planetary gearset and engaged with the pinion gear. 9. The electric axle assembly of claim 8, wherein the output gear is arranged for rotation about the first axis. 10. The electric axle assembly of claim 8, wherein the second planetary gearset includes a sun gear coupled to the output gear for rotation about the first axis, a planet gear arranged radially outward of the sun gear and engaged with the sun gear, a ring gear arranged radially outward of the planet gear and engaged with the planet gear, and a carrier coupled to the planet gear and the second wheel hub, and wherein the ring gear is stationary relative to the first axis. 11. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, further comprising a drive gear coupled to the differential and arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit. 12. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, further comprising a transmission comprising:
a first input gear and second input gear coupled to a drive gear, the drive gear arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit; a first output gear and a second output gear rotatably mounted on a support shaft coupled to the differential, the first input gear engaged with the first output gear and the second input gear engaged with the second output gear; and a gear selector mounted on the support shaft, the gear selector movable along the support shaft and rotatably fixed relative to the support shaft, 13. The electric axle assembly of claim 12, wherein:
in a first configuration, the gear selector engages with the first output gear to block rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a low ratio of the transmission; and in a second configuration, the gear selector engages with the second output gear to block rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a high ratio of the transmission. 14. The electric axle assembly of claim 13, further comprising an actuator configured to move the gear selector to the first and second configurations. 15. An electric axle assembly comprising:
a suspension frame; a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly coupled to opposing sides of the suspension frame; a first wheel hub coupled to the first drive assembly and a second wheel hub coupled to the second drive assembly, the first and second wheel hubs arranged to support wheels for rotation about a first axis; a drive unit arranged in the first drive assembly; and a drivetrain comprising:
a first gearset arranged in the first drive assembly and coupled to the first wheel hub;
a second gearset arranged in the second drive assembly and coupled to the second wheel hub; and
a portal shaft arranged for rotation about a second axis offset from the first axis, the portal shaft extending between the first and second gearsets;
wherein the drive unit is configured to provide motive force to a differential of the first gearset, the portal shaft is coupled to the differential, and the differential is configured to transfer motive force to the first wheel hub through the first gearset and to the second wheel hub through the portal shaft and second gearset. 16. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, wherein a bridge of the suspension frame is offset from the first axis, and wherein the portal shaft is arranged to substantially align the bridge. 17. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, wherein the differential is arranged along the second axis for rotation about the second axis. 18. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, further comprising a drive gear coupled to the differential and arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit. 19. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, further comprising a transmission comprising:
a first input gear and second input gear coupled to a drive gear, the drive gear arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit; a first output gear and a second output gear rotatably mounted on a support shaft coupled to the differential, the first input gear engaged with the first output gear and the second input gear engaged with the second output gear; and a gear selector mounted on the support shaft, the gear selector movable along the support shaft and rotatably fixed relative to the support shaft, 20. The electric axle assembly of claim 19, wherein:
in a first configuration, the gear selector engages with the first output gear to block rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a low ratio of the transmission; and in a second configuration, the gear selector engages with the second output gear to block rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a high ratio of the transmission. 21. The electric axle assembly of claim 20, further comprising an actuator configured to move the gear selector to the first and second configurations. | An electric axle assembly includes a suspension frame and drive assemblies coupled to opposing sides of the suspension frame. The electric axle assembly engages with wheels of a vehicle for rotating the wheels to move the vehicle along a ground surface. A drive unit transfers motive force to the wheels through one or more gearsets and axle shafts.1. An electric axle assembly comprising:
a suspension frame; a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly coupled to opposing sides of the suspension frame; a first wheel hub coupled to the first drive assembly and a second wheel hub coupled to the second drive assembly, the first and second wheel hubs arranged to support wheels for rotation about a first axis; a drive unit arranged in the first drive assembly; and a drivetrain comprising:
a first gearset arranged in the first drive assembly, the first gearset including a differential arranged along the second axis, a stub shaft coupled to the differential, a first output gearset coupled to the stub shaft, and a first planetary gearset coupled to the first output gearset and the first wheel hub;
a second gearset arranged in the second drive assembly, the second gearset including a second output gearset and a second planetary gearset coupled to the second output gearset and the second wheel hub; and
a portal shaft extending between the first and second gearsets, the portal shaft coupled to the differential and arranged for rotation about a second axis offset from the first axis;
wherein the second output gearset is coupled to the portal shaft opposite of the differential, the drive unit is configured to provide motive force to the differential, and the portal shaft is configured to transfer motive force from the differential to the second output gearset. 2. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein a bridge of the suspension frame is offset from the first axis, and wherein the portal shaft is arranged to substantially align with the bridge. 3. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the differential includes a case, a spider gear coupled to the case for rotation with the case about the second axis, and side gears coupled to the portal shaft and stub shaft, respectively, and engaged with the spider gear. 4. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the differential includes a case, a pair of planet gears coupled to the case for rotation with the case about the second axis, and side gears coupled to the portal shaft and stub shaft, respectively, and wherein the planet gears are engaged with each other and with respective ones of the side gears. 5. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the first output gearset includes a pinion gear coupled to the stub shaft and an output gear coupled to the first planetary gearset and engaged with the pinion gear. 6. The electric axle assembly of claim 5, wherein the output gear is arranged for rotation about the first axis. 7. The electric axle assembly of claim 5, wherein the first planetary gearset includes a sun gear coupled to the output gear for rotation about the first axis, a planet gear arranged radially outward of the sun gear and engaged with the sun gear, a ring gear arranged radially outward of the planet gear and engaged with the planet gear, and a carrier coupled to the planet gear and the first wheel hub, and wherein the ring gear is stationary relative to the first axis. 8. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the second output gearset includes a pinion gear coupled to the portal shaft and an output gear coupled to the second planetary gearset and engaged with the pinion gear. 9. The electric axle assembly of claim 8, wherein the output gear is arranged for rotation about the first axis. 10. The electric axle assembly of claim 8, wherein the second planetary gearset includes a sun gear coupled to the output gear for rotation about the first axis, a planet gear arranged radially outward of the sun gear and engaged with the sun gear, a ring gear arranged radially outward of the planet gear and engaged with the planet gear, and a carrier coupled to the planet gear and the second wheel hub, and wherein the ring gear is stationary relative to the first axis. 11. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, further comprising a drive gear coupled to the differential and arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit. 12. The electric axle assembly of claim 1, further comprising a transmission comprising:
a first input gear and second input gear coupled to a drive gear, the drive gear arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit; a first output gear and a second output gear rotatably mounted on a support shaft coupled to the differential, the first input gear engaged with the first output gear and the second input gear engaged with the second output gear; and a gear selector mounted on the support shaft, the gear selector movable along the support shaft and rotatably fixed relative to the support shaft, 13. The electric axle assembly of claim 12, wherein:
in a first configuration, the gear selector engages with the first output gear to block rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a low ratio of the transmission; and in a second configuration, the gear selector engages with the second output gear to block rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a high ratio of the transmission. 14. The electric axle assembly of claim 13, further comprising an actuator configured to move the gear selector to the first and second configurations. 15. An electric axle assembly comprising:
a suspension frame; a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly coupled to opposing sides of the suspension frame; a first wheel hub coupled to the first drive assembly and a second wheel hub coupled to the second drive assembly, the first and second wheel hubs arranged to support wheels for rotation about a first axis; a drive unit arranged in the first drive assembly; and a drivetrain comprising:
a first gearset arranged in the first drive assembly and coupled to the first wheel hub;
a second gearset arranged in the second drive assembly and coupled to the second wheel hub; and
a portal shaft arranged for rotation about a second axis offset from the first axis, the portal shaft extending between the first and second gearsets;
wherein the drive unit is configured to provide motive force to a differential of the first gearset, the portal shaft is coupled to the differential, and the differential is configured to transfer motive force to the first wheel hub through the first gearset and to the second wheel hub through the portal shaft and second gearset. 16. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, wherein a bridge of the suspension frame is offset from the first axis, and wherein the portal shaft is arranged to substantially align the bridge. 17. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, wherein the differential is arranged along the second axis for rotation about the second axis. 18. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, further comprising a drive gear coupled to the differential and arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit. 19. The electric axle assembly of claim 15, further comprising a transmission comprising:
a first input gear and second input gear coupled to a drive gear, the drive gear arranged to receive motive force from the drive unit; a first output gear and a second output gear rotatably mounted on a support shaft coupled to the differential, the first input gear engaged with the first output gear and the second input gear engaged with the second output gear; and a gear selector mounted on the support shaft, the gear selector movable along the support shaft and rotatably fixed relative to the support shaft, 20. The electric axle assembly of claim 19, wherein:
in a first configuration, the gear selector engages with the first output gear to block rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a low ratio of the transmission; and in a second configuration, the gear selector engages with the second output gear to block rotation of the second output gear relative to the support shaft and allow rotation of the first output gear relative to the support shaft to provide a high ratio of the transmission. 21. The electric axle assembly of claim 20, further comprising an actuator configured to move the gear selector to the first and second configurations. | 2,600 |
346,666 | 16,805,095 | 2,664 | A method for wireless communication involving high-reliability ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) control and data channel transmissions is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a user equipment (UE), first downlink control information (DCI) in a first control resource set (CORESET), the first DCI providing scheduling information for transmission of first data over a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), receiving, by the UE, second DCI in a second CORESET, the second DCI providing scheduling information for transmission of second data over a second PDSCH. The method also includes receiving, by the UE, the first data over the first PDSCH, and receiving, by the UE, the second data over the second PDSCH, where the first data and the second data are repetition data. | 1-28. (canceled) 29. A method by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
receiving first downlink control information (DCI) in a first control resource set (CORESET), the first DCI providing first scheduling information for transmission of first data over a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); receiving second DCI in a second CORESET, the second DCI providing second scheduling information for transmission of second data over a second PDSCH. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the first DCI is received by the UE over a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and the second DCI is received by the UE over a second PDCCH. 31. The method of claim 29, wherein the second data is a repetition of the first data. 32. The method of claim 29, wherein the first CORESET and the second CORESET are received using at least one of:
different time resources; different frequency resources; and different beams. 33. The method of claim 29, wherein, when the second DCI is a repetition of the first DCI, the UE determines that the first PDSCH and the second PDSCH are for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) data. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein the second DCI includes an indication that the second data is the same as the first data. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein, when one of the first DCI and the second DCI is decoded successfully, a decoding failure of the other one of the first DCI and the second DCI does not count as a control channel failure. 36. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
receiving third DCI in a third CORESET over a third PDCCH, the third DCI providing the first scheduling information for transmission of the first data over the first PDSCH; wherein the first DCI and the third DCI have at least one of different coding rates or different aggregation levels. 37. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
receiving a CORESET configuration, wherein the CORESET configuration includes an explicit indication of a decoding order for decoding the first and second CORESETs. 38. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
receiving a CORESET configuration, wherein the first and second CORESETs are decoded in a decoding order in which the first and second COREEST are arranged in the CORESET configuration. 39. A user equipment (UE) comprising:
one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon; at least one processor coupled to the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, and configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive first downlink control information (DCI) in a first control resource set (CORESET), the first DCI providing first scheduling information for transmission of first data over a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH);
receive second DCI in a second CORESET, the second DCI providing second scheduling information for transmission of second data over a second PDSCH. 40. The UE of claim 39, wherein the first DCI is received by the UE over a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and the second DCI is received by the UE over a second PDCCH. 41. The UE of claim 39, wherein the second data is a repetition of the first data. 42. The UE of claim 39, wherein the first CORESET and the second CORESET are received using at least one of:
different time resources; different frequency resources; and different beams. 43. The UE of claim 39, wherein, when the second DCI is a repetition of the first DCI, the UE determines that the first PDSCH and the second PDSCH are for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) data. 44. The UE of claim 39, wherein the second DCI includes an indication that the second data is the same as the first data. 45. The UE of claim 44, wherein, when one of the first DCI and the second DCI is decoded successfully, a decoding failure of the other one of the first DCI and the second DCI does not count as a control channel failure. 46. The UE of claim 39, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive third DCI in a third CORESET over a third PDCCH, the third DCI providing the first scheduling information for transmission of the first data over the first PDSCH; wherein the first DCI and the third DCI have at least one of different coding rates or different aggregation levels. 47. The UE of claim 39, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive a CORESET configuration, wherein the CORESET configuration includes an explicit indication of a decoding order for decoding the first and second CORESETs. 48. The UE of claim 39, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive a CORESET configuration, wherein the first and second CORESETs are decoded in a decoding order in which the first and second COREEST are arranged in the CORESET configuration. | A method for wireless communication involving high-reliability ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) control and data channel transmissions is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a user equipment (UE), first downlink control information (DCI) in a first control resource set (CORESET), the first DCI providing scheduling information for transmission of first data over a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), receiving, by the UE, second DCI in a second CORESET, the second DCI providing scheduling information for transmission of second data over a second PDSCH. The method also includes receiving, by the UE, the first data over the first PDSCH, and receiving, by the UE, the second data over the second PDSCH, where the first data and the second data are repetition data.1-28. (canceled) 29. A method by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
receiving first downlink control information (DCI) in a first control resource set (CORESET), the first DCI providing first scheduling information for transmission of first data over a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); receiving second DCI in a second CORESET, the second DCI providing second scheduling information for transmission of second data over a second PDSCH. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the first DCI is received by the UE over a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and the second DCI is received by the UE over a second PDCCH. 31. The method of claim 29, wherein the second data is a repetition of the first data. 32. The method of claim 29, wherein the first CORESET and the second CORESET are received using at least one of:
different time resources; different frequency resources; and different beams. 33. The method of claim 29, wherein, when the second DCI is a repetition of the first DCI, the UE determines that the first PDSCH and the second PDSCH are for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) data. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein the second DCI includes an indication that the second data is the same as the first data. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein, when one of the first DCI and the second DCI is decoded successfully, a decoding failure of the other one of the first DCI and the second DCI does not count as a control channel failure. 36. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
receiving third DCI in a third CORESET over a third PDCCH, the third DCI providing the first scheduling information for transmission of the first data over the first PDSCH; wherein the first DCI and the third DCI have at least one of different coding rates or different aggregation levels. 37. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
receiving a CORESET configuration, wherein the CORESET configuration includes an explicit indication of a decoding order for decoding the first and second CORESETs. 38. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
receiving a CORESET configuration, wherein the first and second CORESETs are decoded in a decoding order in which the first and second COREEST are arranged in the CORESET configuration. 39. A user equipment (UE) comprising:
one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon; at least one processor coupled to the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, and configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive first downlink control information (DCI) in a first control resource set (CORESET), the first DCI providing first scheduling information for transmission of first data over a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH);
receive second DCI in a second CORESET, the second DCI providing second scheduling information for transmission of second data over a second PDSCH. 40. The UE of claim 39, wherein the first DCI is received by the UE over a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and the second DCI is received by the UE over a second PDCCH. 41. The UE of claim 39, wherein the second data is a repetition of the first data. 42. The UE of claim 39, wherein the first CORESET and the second CORESET are received using at least one of:
different time resources; different frequency resources; and different beams. 43. The UE of claim 39, wherein, when the second DCI is a repetition of the first DCI, the UE determines that the first PDSCH and the second PDSCH are for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) data. 44. The UE of claim 39, wherein the second DCI includes an indication that the second data is the same as the first data. 45. The UE of claim 44, wherein, when one of the first DCI and the second DCI is decoded successfully, a decoding failure of the other one of the first DCI and the second DCI does not count as a control channel failure. 46. The UE of claim 39, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive third DCI in a third CORESET over a third PDCCH, the third DCI providing the first scheduling information for transmission of the first data over the first PDSCH; wherein the first DCI and the third DCI have at least one of different coding rates or different aggregation levels. 47. The UE of claim 39, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive a CORESET configuration, wherein the CORESET configuration includes an explicit indication of a decoding order for decoding the first and second CORESETs. 48. The UE of claim 39, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:
receive a CORESET configuration, wherein the first and second CORESETs are decoded in a decoding order in which the first and second COREEST are arranged in the CORESET configuration. | 2,600 |
346,667 | 16,805,092 | 2,664 | A free-wheeling diode control method includes determining whether a sum of a first pulse width value of a free-wheeling diode obtained according to an inductance current law and a third pulse width value of a main control tube meets a first preset condition, obtaining a determining result, and controlling, according to the determining result, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value or a second pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode obtained according to a volt-second balance law. | 1. A free-wheeling diode control method, comprising:
obtaining a first pulse width value of a free-wheeling diode in a power switching apparatus according to an inductance current law; obtaining a second pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode according to a volt-second balance law; obtaining a third pulse width value of a main control tube in the power switching apparatus; making a determination whether a first sum of the first pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a first preset condition; and controlling, according to the determination, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value or the second pulse width value. 2. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; and controlling conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the second sum meets the second preset condition. 3. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 2, further comprising:
identifying that a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and controlling, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 4. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the first sum does not meet the first preset condition; and controlling, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 5. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the first pulse width value is less than or equal to a preset pulse width value; and controlling, in response to the identifying and according to the first pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a first PWM wave, wherein the first PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 6. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 5, further comprising:
identifying that the first pulse width value is greater than the preset pulse width value; and controlling, in response to the identifying and according to the preset pulse width value, the PWM generation apparatus to generate a second PWM wave, wherein the second PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 7. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising controlling, according to the second pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a third PWM wave, wherein the third PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 8. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising determining the first pulse width value according to the inductance current law and based on an inductance value of an inductor in the power switching apparatus, a current of the inductor, and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus. 9. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising determining the second pulse width value according to the volt-second balance law and based on an input voltage and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus and based on the third pulse width value. 10. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; determining whether a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than a preset threshold; and controlling conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than the preset threshold. 11. A power switching apparatus, comprising:
a free-wheeling diode; a main control tube; a memory configured to store program instructions; and a processor coupled to the main control tube, the free-wheeling diode, and the memory, wherein the program instructions cause the processor to be configured to:
obtain a first pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode according to an inductance current law;
obtain a second pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode according to a volt-second balance law;
obtain a third pulse width value of the main control tube;
make a determination whether a first sum of the first pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a first preset condition;
and
control, according to the determination, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value or the second pulse width value. 12. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
determine whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; and control conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the second sum meets the second preset condition. 13. The power switching apparatus of claim 12, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and control, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 14. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that the first sum does not meet the first preset condition; and control, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 15. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that the first pulse width value is less than or equal to a preset pulse width value; and control, in response to the identifying and according to the first pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a first PWM wave, wherein the first PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 16. The power switching apparatus of claim 15, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that the first pulse width value is greater than the preset pulse width value; and control, in response to the identifying and according to the preset pulse width value, the PWM generation apparatus to generate a second PWM wave, wherein the second PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 17. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to control, according to the second pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a third PWM wave, and wherein the third PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 18. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to determine the first pulse width value according to the inductance current law and based on an inductance value of an inductor in the power switching apparatus, a current of the inductor, and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus. 19. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to determine the second pulse width value according to the volt-second balance law and based on an input voltage and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus and based on the third pulse width value. 20. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
determine whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; determine whether a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than a preset threshold; and control conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than the preset threshold. | A free-wheeling diode control method includes determining whether a sum of a first pulse width value of a free-wheeling diode obtained according to an inductance current law and a third pulse width value of a main control tube meets a first preset condition, obtaining a determining result, and controlling, according to the determining result, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value or a second pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode obtained according to a volt-second balance law.1. A free-wheeling diode control method, comprising:
obtaining a first pulse width value of a free-wheeling diode in a power switching apparatus according to an inductance current law; obtaining a second pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode according to a volt-second balance law; obtaining a third pulse width value of a main control tube in the power switching apparatus; making a determination whether a first sum of the first pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a first preset condition; and controlling, according to the determination, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value or the second pulse width value. 2. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; and controlling conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the second sum meets the second preset condition. 3. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 2, further comprising:
identifying that a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and controlling, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 4. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the first sum does not meet the first preset condition; and controlling, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 5. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the first pulse width value is less than or equal to a preset pulse width value; and controlling, in response to the identifying and according to the first pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a first PWM wave, wherein the first PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 6. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 5, further comprising:
identifying that the first pulse width value is greater than the preset pulse width value; and controlling, in response to the identifying and according to the preset pulse width value, the PWM generation apparatus to generate a second PWM wave, wherein the second PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 7. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising controlling, according to the second pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a third PWM wave, wherein the third PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 8. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising determining the first pulse width value according to the inductance current law and based on an inductance value of an inductor in the power switching apparatus, a current of the inductor, and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus. 9. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising determining the second pulse width value according to the volt-second balance law and based on an input voltage and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus and based on the third pulse width value. 10. The free-wheeling diode control method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; determining whether a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than a preset threshold; and controlling conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than the preset threshold. 11. A power switching apparatus, comprising:
a free-wheeling diode; a main control tube; a memory configured to store program instructions; and a processor coupled to the main control tube, the free-wheeling diode, and the memory, wherein the program instructions cause the processor to be configured to:
obtain a first pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode according to an inductance current law;
obtain a second pulse width value of the free-wheeling diode according to a volt-second balance law;
obtain a third pulse width value of the main control tube;
make a determination whether a first sum of the first pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a first preset condition;
and
control, according to the determination, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value or the second pulse width value. 12. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
determine whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; and control conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the second sum meets the second preset condition. 13. The power switching apparatus of claim 12, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and control, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 14. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that the first sum does not meet the first preset condition; and control, in response to the identifying, conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the first pulse width value. 15. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that the first pulse width value is less than or equal to a preset pulse width value; and control, in response to the identifying and according to the first pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a first PWM wave, wherein the first PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 16. The power switching apparatus of claim 15, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
identify that the first pulse width value is greater than the preset pulse width value; and control, in response to the identifying and according to the preset pulse width value, the PWM generation apparatus to generate a second PWM wave, wherein the second PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 17. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to control, according to the second pulse width value, a pulse width modulation (PWM) generation apparatus in the power switching apparatus to generate a third PWM wave, and wherein the third PWM wave controls the free-wheeling diode. 18. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to determine the first pulse width value according to the inductance current law and based on an inductance value of an inductor in the power switching apparatus, a current of the inductor, and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus. 19. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to determine the second pulse width value according to the volt-second balance law and based on an input voltage and an output voltage of the power switching apparatus and based on the third pulse width value. 20. The power switching apparatus of claim 11, wherein the program instructions further cause the processor to be configured to:
determine whether a second sum of the second pulse width value and the third pulse width value meets a second preset condition when the first sum meets the first preset condition; determine whether a quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than a preset threshold; and control conduction of the free-wheeling diode according to the second pulse width value when the quantity of times that the second sum does not meet the second preset condition is less than the preset threshold. | 2,600 |
346,668 | 16,805,140 | 2,664 | A system, a method, and a computer program product for generating classification data of a sign. The method comprises obtaining map data of the sign, obtaining a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data, determining presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion. The method further comprises generating the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. | 1. A system for generating classification data of a sign, the system comprising:
at least one non-transitory memory configured to store computer program code instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the computer program code instructions to:
obtain map data of the sign;
obtain a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data;
determine presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion; and
generate the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is present between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is associated with the map-matched link based on the presence data. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is absent between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is dropped from being associated with the map-matched link. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein to determine the presence data of the at least one blocking link,
the at least one processor is further configured to: determine a location of the sign based on map data; determine a map matched location of the sign on at least one link of a plurality of links based on the location of the sign; and determine a matched heading for the at least one link based on the map matched location of the sign. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein to determine the presence data of the at least one blocking link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
obtain a heading of the sign; and determine a direction of the at least one link based on the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein to determine the direction of the at least one link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
determine a difference between the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link; and determine the direction of the at least one link based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion, wherein the heading criterion comprises that the difference is greater than or equal to a first predetermined heading threshold and the difference is lesser than or equal to a second predetermined heading threshold, and wherein the direction of the at least one link is opposite to the sign based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein to determine the at least one blocking link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
obtain a first distance between the location of the sign and the at least one link based on the map data; obtain a second distance between the location of the sign and the at least one parallel link based on the map data; and determine the at least one link as the at least one blocking link based on the at least one link satisfying the distance criterion, wherein the distance criterion comprises that the first distance is smaller than the second distance. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein to obtain the map matched link the at least one processor is further configured to:
extract a probability of proximity to the sign of each of a second plurality of links from the map data; and determine a link with highest probability of proximity to the sign among probability of proximity of each of the second plurality of links, as the map matched link. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein to obtain the at least one parallel link corresponding to the map matched link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
determine at least one link from the second plurality of links as the at least one parallel link based on the filtering criterion, wherein the filtering criterion comprises at least one of a first criterion, a second criterion, a third criterion and a fourth criterion, wherein the first criterion comprises that the at least one link from the second plurality of links is independent from the map matched link, wherein the second criterion comprises that a difference between a heading of the at least one link and a heading of the map matched link is less than a predefined heading threshold, wherein the third criterion comprises that a distance between a location of the sign and the at least one link is less than a predefined distance threshold, and wherein the fourth criterion comprises that the distance of the at least one link from the location of the sign is minimum in a set of a plurality of distances associated with the second plurality of links, wherein each distance in the set of the plurality of distances is less than the predefined distance threshold. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the at least one processor is further configured to:
associate the sign with the map matched link based on determining the at least one parallel link as a pedestrian link based on the map data. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the at least one processor is further configured to:
associate the sign with the map matched link based on determining that the sign lies on opposite side of the map matched link with respect to the at least one parallel link. 12. A method for generating classification data of a sign, the method comprising:
obtaining map data of the sign; obtaining a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data; determining presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion; and generating the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is present between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is associated with the map-matched link based on the presence data. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is absent between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is dropped from being associated with the map-matched link. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein determining the presence data of the at least one blocking link further comprises:
determining a location of the sign based on map data; determining a map-matched location of the sign on at least one link of a plurality of links based on the location of the sign; and determining a matched heading for the at least one link based on the map matched location of the sign. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein determining the presence data of the at least one blocking link further comprises:
obtaining a heading of the sign; and determining a direction of the at least one link based on the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the direction of the at least one link further comprises:
determining a difference between the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link; and determining the direction of the at least one link based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion, wherein the heading criterion comprises that the difference is greater than or equal to a first predetermined heading threshold and the difference is lesser than or equal to a second predetermined heading threshold, and wherein the direction of the at least one link is opposite to the sign based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining the at least one blocking link further comprises:
obtaining a first distance between the location of the sign and the at least one link based on the map data; obtaining a second distance between the location of the sign and the at least one parallel link based on the map data; and determining the at least one link as the at least one blocking link based on the at least one link satisfying the distance criterion, wherein the distance criterion comprises that the first distance is smaller than the second distance. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein generating the classification data of the sign further comprises:
associating the sign with the map matched link based on determining that the sign lies on opposite side of the map matched link with respect to the at least one parallel link. 20. A computer programmable product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instruction which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to carry out operations for generating the classification data of a sign, the operations comprising:
obtaining map data of the sign; obtaining a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data; determining presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion; and generating the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. | A system, a method, and a computer program product for generating classification data of a sign. The method comprises obtaining map data of the sign, obtaining a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data, determining presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion. The method further comprises generating the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link.1. A system for generating classification data of a sign, the system comprising:
at least one non-transitory memory configured to store computer program code instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the computer program code instructions to:
obtain map data of the sign;
obtain a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data;
determine presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion; and
generate the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is present between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is associated with the map-matched link based on the presence data. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is absent between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is dropped from being associated with the map-matched link. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein to determine the presence data of the at least one blocking link,
the at least one processor is further configured to: determine a location of the sign based on map data; determine a map matched location of the sign on at least one link of a plurality of links based on the location of the sign; and determine a matched heading for the at least one link based on the map matched location of the sign. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein to determine the presence data of the at least one blocking link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
obtain a heading of the sign; and determine a direction of the at least one link based on the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein to determine the direction of the at least one link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
determine a difference between the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link; and determine the direction of the at least one link based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion, wherein the heading criterion comprises that the difference is greater than or equal to a first predetermined heading threshold and the difference is lesser than or equal to a second predetermined heading threshold, and wherein the direction of the at least one link is opposite to the sign based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein to determine the at least one blocking link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
obtain a first distance between the location of the sign and the at least one link based on the map data; obtain a second distance between the location of the sign and the at least one parallel link based on the map data; and determine the at least one link as the at least one blocking link based on the at least one link satisfying the distance criterion, wherein the distance criterion comprises that the first distance is smaller than the second distance. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein to obtain the map matched link the at least one processor is further configured to:
extract a probability of proximity to the sign of each of a second plurality of links from the map data; and determine a link with highest probability of proximity to the sign among probability of proximity of each of the second plurality of links, as the map matched link. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein to obtain the at least one parallel link corresponding to the map matched link, the at least one processor is further configured to:
determine at least one link from the second plurality of links as the at least one parallel link based on the filtering criterion, wherein the filtering criterion comprises at least one of a first criterion, a second criterion, a third criterion and a fourth criterion, wherein the first criterion comprises that the at least one link from the second plurality of links is independent from the map matched link, wherein the second criterion comprises that a difference between a heading of the at least one link and a heading of the map matched link is less than a predefined heading threshold, wherein the third criterion comprises that a distance between a location of the sign and the at least one link is less than a predefined distance threshold, and wherein the fourth criterion comprises that the distance of the at least one link from the location of the sign is minimum in a set of a plurality of distances associated with the second plurality of links, wherein each distance in the set of the plurality of distances is less than the predefined distance threshold. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the at least one processor is further configured to:
associate the sign with the map matched link based on determining the at least one parallel link as a pedestrian link based on the map data. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the at least one processor is further configured to:
associate the sign with the map matched link based on determining that the sign lies on opposite side of the map matched link with respect to the at least one parallel link. 12. A method for generating classification data of a sign, the method comprising:
obtaining map data of the sign; obtaining a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data; determining presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion; and generating the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is present between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is associated with the map-matched link based on the presence data. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the presence data indicates that the at least one blocking link is absent between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, and wherein to generate the classification data of the sign, the sign is dropped from being associated with the map-matched link. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein determining the presence data of the at least one blocking link further comprises:
determining a location of the sign based on map data; determining a map-matched location of the sign on at least one link of a plurality of links based on the location of the sign; and determining a matched heading for the at least one link based on the map matched location of the sign. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein determining the presence data of the at least one blocking link further comprises:
obtaining a heading of the sign; and determining a direction of the at least one link based on the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the direction of the at least one link further comprises:
determining a difference between the heading of the sign and the matched heading for the at least one link; and determining the direction of the at least one link based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion, wherein the heading criterion comprises that the difference is greater than or equal to a first predetermined heading threshold and the difference is lesser than or equal to a second predetermined heading threshold, and wherein the direction of the at least one link is opposite to the sign based on the difference satisfying the heading criterion. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining the at least one blocking link further comprises:
obtaining a first distance between the location of the sign and the at least one link based on the map data; obtaining a second distance between the location of the sign and the at least one parallel link based on the map data; and determining the at least one link as the at least one blocking link based on the at least one link satisfying the distance criterion, wherein the distance criterion comprises that the first distance is smaller than the second distance. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein generating the classification data of the sign further comprises:
associating the sign with the map matched link based on determining that the sign lies on opposite side of the map matched link with respect to the at least one parallel link. 20. A computer programmable product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instruction which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to carry out operations for generating the classification data of a sign, the operations comprising:
obtaining map data of the sign; obtaining a map matched link and at least one parallel link associated with the sign based on the map data; determining presence data of at least one blocking link between the map-matched link and the at least one parallel link, wherein the at least one blocking link satisfies one or more of a heading criterion and a distance criterion; and generating the classification data of the sign based on the presence data of the at least one blocking link. | 2,600 |
346,669 | 16,805,151 | 2,664 | Systems and methods that may provide speculators an opportunity to invest in items and markets that, in the past, were not liquid enough to allow for investment by the general public are provided. Systems and methods for creating indices for these items or markets are also provided. One embodiment of the systems and methods of the invention pertains to the trading of futures and/or options contracts based on an intellectual property assets index. This embodiment allows investors to invest in or hedge against the success of failure of a company's of group of companies' intellectual property assets. Another embodiment of the systems and methods of the invention pertains to the trading of futures and/or options contracts based on a bankruptcy index. This embodiment may provide investors with protection from losses associated with the bankruptcy of one or more companies. | 1. (canceled) 2. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor configured to control: capturing, over a communication network, intellectual property assets data; compiling the intellectual property assets data into an index of non-traditionally traded items; populating, over the communication network, on an options screen of a display of a remote computing device, market information pertaining to the index of non-traditionally traded items, in which the index of non-traditionally traded items includes an index of intellectual property assets, in which the options screen displays:
a highest sale or purchase price for a futures contract,
a lowest sale or purchase price for the futures contract, and
a total quantity of futures contracts that have been transacted;
receiving, over the communication network in response to input in the options screen, a request from a user of the remote computing device to transact a futures contract from a plurality of futures contracts displayed on the options screen,
in which the index is tied to a portfolio comprising at least one company, in which the at least one company is automatically selected based on a pre-determined criteria;
computing a value of the futures contract based on performance and a weight assigned to each company of the portfolio, in which the weight assigned to each company in the portfolio is automatically determined based on a pre-determined criteria, in which computing the value of the futures contract is further based on at least one of:
an age of at least one intellectual property asset of the index,
a quantity of successful litigations based on at least one the intellectual property asset of the index,
an amount of licensing revenue generated by at least one the intellectual property asset of the index, or
a quantity of citations to at least one the intellectual property asset of the index;
executing a transaction of the futures contract for an amount of money that is equivalent to the computed value; and transmitting, over the communication network to the remote computing device, an indication that the futures contract is to be exchanged at a future date for the amount of money. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, in which the index is configurable by the user. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, in which the portfolio comprises a first company being assigned a first weight and a second company being assigned a second weight that is different from the first weight. 5. The apparatus of claim 2, in which the at least one processor is configured to control monitoring a performance of the index. 6. The apparatus of claim 2, in which a first company of the portfolio in the index is manually selected by the user and a second company of the portfolio is automatically selected based on pre-determined criteria. 7. The apparatus of claim 2, in which a first weight that is given to a first company of the portfolio in the index is manually selected by the user and a second weight that is given to a second company of the portfolio is automatically selected based on pre-determined criteria. 8. A method comprising:
controlling, by at least one processor: capturing, over a communication network, intellectual property assets data; compiling the intellectual property assets data into an index of non-traditionally traded items; populating, over the communication network, on an options screen of a display of a remote computing device, market information pertaining to the index of non-traditionally traded items, in which the index of non-traditionally traded items includes an index of intellectual property assets, in which the options screen displays:
a highest sale or purchase price for a futures contract,
a lowest sale or purchase price for the futures contract, and
a total quantity of futures contracts that have been transacted;
receiving, over the communication network in response to input in the options screen, a request from a user of the remote computing device to transact a futures contract from a plurality of futures contracts that are displayed on the options screen,
in which the index is tied to a portfolio comprising at least one company,
in which the at least one company is automatically selected based on a pre-determined criteria;
computing a value of the futures contract based on performance and a weight assigned to each company of the portfolio, in which the weight assigned to each company in the portfolio is automatically determined based on a pre-determined criteria, in which computing the value of the futures contract is further based on at least one of:
an age of at least one intellectual property asset of the index,
a quantity of successful litigations based on at least one the intellectual property asset of the index,
an amount of licensing revenue generated by at least one the intellectual property asset of the index, or
a quantity of citations to at least one the intellectual property asset of the index;
executing a transaction of the futures contract for an amount of money that is equivalent to the computed value; and transmitting, over the communication network, to the remote computing device an indication that the futures contract is to be exchanged at a future date for the amount of money. | Systems and methods that may provide speculators an opportunity to invest in items and markets that, in the past, were not liquid enough to allow for investment by the general public are provided. Systems and methods for creating indices for these items or markets are also provided. One embodiment of the systems and methods of the invention pertains to the trading of futures and/or options contracts based on an intellectual property assets index. This embodiment allows investors to invest in or hedge against the success of failure of a company's of group of companies' intellectual property assets. Another embodiment of the systems and methods of the invention pertains to the trading of futures and/or options contracts based on a bankruptcy index. This embodiment may provide investors with protection from losses associated with the bankruptcy of one or more companies.1. (canceled) 2. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor configured to control: capturing, over a communication network, intellectual property assets data; compiling the intellectual property assets data into an index of non-traditionally traded items; populating, over the communication network, on an options screen of a display of a remote computing device, market information pertaining to the index of non-traditionally traded items, in which the index of non-traditionally traded items includes an index of intellectual property assets, in which the options screen displays:
a highest sale or purchase price for a futures contract,
a lowest sale or purchase price for the futures contract, and
a total quantity of futures contracts that have been transacted;
receiving, over the communication network in response to input in the options screen, a request from a user of the remote computing device to transact a futures contract from a plurality of futures contracts displayed on the options screen,
in which the index is tied to a portfolio comprising at least one company, in which the at least one company is automatically selected based on a pre-determined criteria;
computing a value of the futures contract based on performance and a weight assigned to each company of the portfolio, in which the weight assigned to each company in the portfolio is automatically determined based on a pre-determined criteria, in which computing the value of the futures contract is further based on at least one of:
an age of at least one intellectual property asset of the index,
a quantity of successful litigations based on at least one the intellectual property asset of the index,
an amount of licensing revenue generated by at least one the intellectual property asset of the index, or
a quantity of citations to at least one the intellectual property asset of the index;
executing a transaction of the futures contract for an amount of money that is equivalent to the computed value; and transmitting, over the communication network to the remote computing device, an indication that the futures contract is to be exchanged at a future date for the amount of money. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, in which the index is configurable by the user. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, in which the portfolio comprises a first company being assigned a first weight and a second company being assigned a second weight that is different from the first weight. 5. The apparatus of claim 2, in which the at least one processor is configured to control monitoring a performance of the index. 6. The apparatus of claim 2, in which a first company of the portfolio in the index is manually selected by the user and a second company of the portfolio is automatically selected based on pre-determined criteria. 7. The apparatus of claim 2, in which a first weight that is given to a first company of the portfolio in the index is manually selected by the user and a second weight that is given to a second company of the portfolio is automatically selected based on pre-determined criteria. 8. A method comprising:
controlling, by at least one processor: capturing, over a communication network, intellectual property assets data; compiling the intellectual property assets data into an index of non-traditionally traded items; populating, over the communication network, on an options screen of a display of a remote computing device, market information pertaining to the index of non-traditionally traded items, in which the index of non-traditionally traded items includes an index of intellectual property assets, in which the options screen displays:
a highest sale or purchase price for a futures contract,
a lowest sale or purchase price for the futures contract, and
a total quantity of futures contracts that have been transacted;
receiving, over the communication network in response to input in the options screen, a request from a user of the remote computing device to transact a futures contract from a plurality of futures contracts that are displayed on the options screen,
in which the index is tied to a portfolio comprising at least one company,
in which the at least one company is automatically selected based on a pre-determined criteria;
computing a value of the futures contract based on performance and a weight assigned to each company of the portfolio, in which the weight assigned to each company in the portfolio is automatically determined based on a pre-determined criteria, in which computing the value of the futures contract is further based on at least one of:
an age of at least one intellectual property asset of the index,
a quantity of successful litigations based on at least one the intellectual property asset of the index,
an amount of licensing revenue generated by at least one the intellectual property asset of the index, or
a quantity of citations to at least one the intellectual property asset of the index;
executing a transaction of the futures contract for an amount of money that is equivalent to the computed value; and transmitting, over the communication network, to the remote computing device an indication that the futures contract is to be exchanged at a future date for the amount of money. | 2,600 |
346,670 | 16,805,156 | 2,664 | Apparatuses and methods for collecting a breath sample are provided. The apparatus has a breath input interface configured to receive a breath sample, a container connected to the breath input interface for storing at least some of the breath, and at least one controller configured to control a flow of the at least some of the exhaled breath from the container to at least one sorbent tube connected to the breath input interface asynchronous of when the breath is received. | 1. An apparatus for collecting a breath sample, comprising:
a breath input interface configured to receive exhaled breath; a container connected to the breath input interface for storing at least some of the breath; and at least one controller configured to control a flow of the at least some of the breath from the container to at least one sorbent tube connected to the container asynchronous of when the breath is received. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the container has a cavity in which the at least some of the breath is stored, a volume of the cavity being controllable. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the volume of the cavity is controllable by the at least one controller. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the container includes a piston chamber that has a piston positioned therein, a position of the piston controlling the volume of the cavity. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one controller is configured to actuate the piston to increase the volume of the cavity as the at least some of the exhaled breath is being received. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a valve intermediate the breath input interface and the container; a first conduit system connecting the breath input interface and the valve; and a second conduit system connecting the container to the at least one sorbent tube. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control actuation of the piston to impel the at least some of the breath through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the at least some of the breath is flowed. 10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the subset is a first subset, and wherein the apparatus further comprises an inlet valve positioned along the second conduit system between an inlet and the container, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to open the inlet valve and control actuation of the piston to draw air through the inlet and into the cavity, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to close the inlet valve and impel the intaken air from the cavity through the second conduit system. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one controller controls actuation of the piston to impel the intaken air through a second subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the second subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the intaken air is flowed through. 14. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the container includes an at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising:
a valve intermediate the breath input interface and the container; a first conduit system connecting the breath input interface and the valve; and a second conduit system connecting the container to the at least one sorbent tube. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a pump controlled by the at least one controller to impel the at least some of the breath from the container through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the at least some of the breath is flowed. 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the pump is positioned between the valve and the container, and the at least one controller is configured to control the pump to draw the at least some of the exhaled breath into the container. 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the subset is a first subset, and wherein the apparatus further comprises an inlet valve positioned along the second conduit system between an inlet and the container, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to close the inlet valve and control the pump to flow air from the container through a second subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one controller is configured to open the inlet valve and control the pump to flow air through the inlet and into the cavity. 22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the first subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the at least some of the breath is flowed. 24. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising:
a valve intermediate the breath input interface and the container; and a first conduit system connecting the breath input interface and the valve. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control the volume of the container to impel the at least some of the breath through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube upon capturing a target volume of the breath in the container. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the volume of the container to decrease at one of at least two breath flow rates at which the at least one controller can control the volume of the container to impel the breath through the subset of the at least one sorbent tube. | Apparatuses and methods for collecting a breath sample are provided. The apparatus has a breath input interface configured to receive a breath sample, a container connected to the breath input interface for storing at least some of the breath, and at least one controller configured to control a flow of the at least some of the exhaled breath from the container to at least one sorbent tube connected to the breath input interface asynchronous of when the breath is received.1. An apparatus for collecting a breath sample, comprising:
a breath input interface configured to receive exhaled breath; a container connected to the breath input interface for storing at least some of the breath; and at least one controller configured to control a flow of the at least some of the breath from the container to at least one sorbent tube connected to the container asynchronous of when the breath is received. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the container has a cavity in which the at least some of the breath is stored, a volume of the cavity being controllable. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the volume of the cavity is controllable by the at least one controller. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the container includes a piston chamber that has a piston positioned therein, a position of the piston controlling the volume of the cavity. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one controller is configured to actuate the piston to increase the volume of the cavity as the at least some of the exhaled breath is being received. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a valve intermediate the breath input interface and the container; a first conduit system connecting the breath input interface and the valve; and a second conduit system connecting the container to the at least one sorbent tube. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control actuation of the piston to impel the at least some of the breath through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the at least some of the breath is flowed. 10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the subset is a first subset, and wherein the apparatus further comprises an inlet valve positioned along the second conduit system between an inlet and the container, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to open the inlet valve and control actuation of the piston to draw air through the inlet and into the cavity, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to close the inlet valve and impel the intaken air from the cavity through the second conduit system. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one controller controls actuation of the piston to impel the intaken air through a second subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the second subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the intaken air is flowed through. 14. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the container includes an at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising:
a valve intermediate the breath input interface and the container; a first conduit system connecting the breath input interface and the valve; and a second conduit system connecting the container to the at least one sorbent tube. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a pump controlled by the at least one controller to impel the at least some of the breath from the container through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the at least some of the breath is flowed. 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the pump is positioned between the valve and the container, and the at least one controller is configured to control the pump to draw the at least some of the exhaled breath into the container. 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the subset is a first subset, and wherein the apparatus further comprises an inlet valve positioned along the second conduit system between an inlet and the container, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to close the inlet valve and control the pump to flow air from the container through a second subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one controller is configured to open the inlet valve and control the pump to flow air through the inlet and into the cavity. 22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein a tube inlet valve is positioned between the container and each of the at least one sorbent tube. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control each of the at least one tube inlet valve to select the first subset of the at least one sorbent tube through which the at least some of the breath is flowed. 24. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising:
a valve intermediate the breath input interface and the container; and a first conduit system connecting the breath input interface and the valve. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control the volume of the container to impel the at least some of the breath through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube upon capturing a target volume of the breath in the container. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the volume of the container to decrease at one of at least two breath flow rates at which the at least one controller can control the volume of the container to impel the breath through the subset of the at least one sorbent tube. | 2,600 |
346,671 | 16,805,144 | 2,664 | An optical member driving mechanism is provided, including a movable portion, a fixed portion, and a driving assembly. The movable portion is connected to an optical member. The fixed portion has an accommodating space, and the optical member is received in the accommodating space. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. | 1. An optical member driving mechanism, comprising:
a movable portion, configured to connect an optical member; a fixed portion, having an accommodating space, wherein the optical member is received in the accommodating space, and the movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion; and a driving assembly, configured to drive the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. 2. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical member driving mechanism further comprises a supporting member, the fixed portion comprises a base, and the supporting member is disposed between the movable portion and the base to form a gap. 3. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the supporting member is a ball. 4. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the movable portion has a bottom surface and an annular structure, the bottom surface faces the base, and the annular surface protrudes from the bottom surface and surrounds the supporting member. 5. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner diameter of the annular structure is substantially the same as the diameter of the supporting member. 6. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein the supporting member protrudes from the annular structure. 7. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical member is configured to adjust an emission direction of light from an incident direction to an outgoing direction, and a center of the optical member overlaps the supporting member as seen from the incident direction. 8. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, the first rotation axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis, and the supporting member is disposed on the intersection of the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis. 9. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical member driving mechanism further comprises an elastic member, connected to the fixed portion and the movable portion, and an elastic force is exerted on the movable portion. 10. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fixed portion comprises a base, and the elastic force pushes the movable portion close to the base. 11. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 9, wherein the elastic member comprises:
a first engaged section, connected to the fixed portion; a second engaged section, connected to the movable portion; a first axis section, connected to the first engaged section; a second axis section, connected to the second engaged section; and a string section, connected to the first axis section and the second axis section. 12. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 11, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, and the first rotation axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis, wherein in a direction perpendicular to the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis, the string section is divided into a first length and a second length by the first axis section, and the first length is substantially the same as the second length. 13. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 11, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, and the first rotation axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis, wherein in a direction perpendicular to the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis, the string section is divided into a first length and a second length by the first axis section, and the first length is different from the second length. 14. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 11, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, the first axis section is parallel to the first rotation axis, and the first axis section does not overlap the first rotation axis as seen from the second rotation axis. 15. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the movable portion comprises a restriction structure having an inclined surface. 16. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 15, wherein the inclined surface faces the optical member. | An optical member driving mechanism is provided, including a movable portion, a fixed portion, and a driving assembly. The movable portion is connected to an optical member. The fixed portion has an accommodating space, and the optical member is received in the accommodating space. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion.1. An optical member driving mechanism, comprising:
a movable portion, configured to connect an optical member; a fixed portion, having an accommodating space, wherein the optical member is received in the accommodating space, and the movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion; and a driving assembly, configured to drive the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. 2. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical member driving mechanism further comprises a supporting member, the fixed portion comprises a base, and the supporting member is disposed between the movable portion and the base to form a gap. 3. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the supporting member is a ball. 4. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the movable portion has a bottom surface and an annular structure, the bottom surface faces the base, and the annular surface protrudes from the bottom surface and surrounds the supporting member. 5. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner diameter of the annular structure is substantially the same as the diameter of the supporting member. 6. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein the supporting member protrudes from the annular structure. 7. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical member is configured to adjust an emission direction of light from an incident direction to an outgoing direction, and a center of the optical member overlaps the supporting member as seen from the incident direction. 8. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, the first rotation axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis, and the supporting member is disposed on the intersection of the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis. 9. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical member driving mechanism further comprises an elastic member, connected to the fixed portion and the movable portion, and an elastic force is exerted on the movable portion. 10. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fixed portion comprises a base, and the elastic force pushes the movable portion close to the base. 11. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 9, wherein the elastic member comprises:
a first engaged section, connected to the fixed portion; a second engaged section, connected to the movable portion; a first axis section, connected to the first engaged section; a second axis section, connected to the second engaged section; and a string section, connected to the first axis section and the second axis section. 12. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 11, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, and the first rotation axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis, wherein in a direction perpendicular to the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis, the string section is divided into a first length and a second length by the first axis section, and the first length is substantially the same as the second length. 13. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 11, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, and the first rotation axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis, wherein in a direction perpendicular to the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis, the string section is divided into a first length and a second length by the first axis section, and the first length is different from the second length. 14. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 11, wherein the driving assembly can drive the movable portion to rotate around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis relative to the fixed portion, the first axis section is parallel to the first rotation axis, and the first axis section does not overlap the first rotation axis as seen from the second rotation axis. 15. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the movable portion comprises a restriction structure having an inclined surface. 16. The optical member driving mechanism as claimed in claim 15, wherein the inclined surface faces the optical member. | 2,600 |
346,672 | 16,805,145 | 2,664 | A headlamp for a vehicle. The headlamp uses individual light emitting didoes or LEDs to generate individual light beams, which collectively form a composite beam. Because of manufacturing irregularities, some of the individual beams overlap neighboring beams, and form bright spots within the composite beam, which are not desirable. It is possible to de-focus the individual beams, to thereby spread out the bright spots, and reduce their intensities. However, that de-focusing would conflict with another goal. When the vehicle follows another vehicle, some individual beams which would apply glare to the other vehicle are shut off. But it is desirable that the remaining active individual beams which flank the other vehicle have sharply defined edges. De-focusing would soften the edges. Therefore, one form of the invention selectively de-focuses individual beams only when they are not adjacent individual beams which are active. | 1. A lighting device for a vehicle comprising:
at least one light source for generating an image array or matrix of pixel images, wherein some pixel images overlap in at least one overlap area; at least one diffuser which diffuses light reaching said at least one overlap area to reduce an intensity thereof, wherein the at least one diffuser is operable in an off state and in an on state, and the at least one diffuser changes a direction of the light in an on state and is transparent in the off state; and a control configured to deactivate one or more diffusers associated with the at least one light source when the at least one source is in an on state and defines an edge of an unlit tunnel. | A headlamp for a vehicle. The headlamp uses individual light emitting didoes or LEDs to generate individual light beams, which collectively form a composite beam. Because of manufacturing irregularities, some of the individual beams overlap neighboring beams, and form bright spots within the composite beam, which are not desirable. It is possible to de-focus the individual beams, to thereby spread out the bright spots, and reduce their intensities. However, that de-focusing would conflict with another goal. When the vehicle follows another vehicle, some individual beams which would apply glare to the other vehicle are shut off. But it is desirable that the remaining active individual beams which flank the other vehicle have sharply defined edges. De-focusing would soften the edges. Therefore, one form of the invention selectively de-focuses individual beams only when they are not adjacent individual beams which are active.1. A lighting device for a vehicle comprising:
at least one light source for generating an image array or matrix of pixel images, wherein some pixel images overlap in at least one overlap area; at least one diffuser which diffuses light reaching said at least one overlap area to reduce an intensity thereof, wherein the at least one diffuser is operable in an off state and in an on state, and the at least one diffuser changes a direction of the light in an on state and is transparent in the off state; and a control configured to deactivate one or more diffusers associated with the at least one light source when the at least one source is in an on state and defines an edge of an unlit tunnel. | 2,600 |
346,673 | 16,805,147 | 2,896 | A headlamp for a vehicle. The headlamp uses individual light emitting didoes or LEDs to generate individual light beams, which collectively form a composite beam. Because of manufacturing irregularities, some of the individual beams overlap neighboring beams, and form bright spots within the composite beam, which are not desirable. It is possible to de-focus the individual beams, to thereby spread out the bright spots, and reduce their intensities. However, that de-focusing would conflict with another goal. When the vehicle follows another vehicle, some individual beams which would apply glare to the other vehicle are shut off. But it is desirable that the remaining active individual beams which flank the other vehicle have sharply defined edges. De-focusing would soften the edges. Therefore, one form of the invention selectively de-focuses individual beams only when they are not adjacent individual beams which are active. | 1. A lighting device for a vehicle comprising:
at least one light source for generating an image array or matrix of pixel images, wherein some pixel images overlap in at least one overlap area; at least one diffuser which diffuses light reaching said at least one overlap area to reduce an intensity thereof, wherein the at least one diffuser is operable in an off state and in an on state, and the at least one diffuser changes a direction of the light in an on state and is transparent in the off state; and a control configured to deactivate one or more diffusers associated with the at least one light source when the at least one source is in an on state and defines an edge of an unlit tunnel. | A headlamp for a vehicle. The headlamp uses individual light emitting didoes or LEDs to generate individual light beams, which collectively form a composite beam. Because of manufacturing irregularities, some of the individual beams overlap neighboring beams, and form bright spots within the composite beam, which are not desirable. It is possible to de-focus the individual beams, to thereby spread out the bright spots, and reduce their intensities. However, that de-focusing would conflict with another goal. When the vehicle follows another vehicle, some individual beams which would apply glare to the other vehicle are shut off. But it is desirable that the remaining active individual beams which flank the other vehicle have sharply defined edges. De-focusing would soften the edges. Therefore, one form of the invention selectively de-focuses individual beams only when they are not adjacent individual beams which are active.1. A lighting device for a vehicle comprising:
at least one light source for generating an image array or matrix of pixel images, wherein some pixel images overlap in at least one overlap area; at least one diffuser which diffuses light reaching said at least one overlap area to reduce an intensity thereof, wherein the at least one diffuser is operable in an off state and in an on state, and the at least one diffuser changes a direction of the light in an on state and is transparent in the off state; and a control configured to deactivate one or more diffusers associated with the at least one light source when the at least one source is in an on state and defines an edge of an unlit tunnel. | 2,800 |
346,674 | 16,805,132 | 3,656 | The present invention relates to the field of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and provides a remote control including: a remote control body and a control lever assembly at least partially accommodated in the remote control body; the control lever assembly including: a housing disposed in the remote control body; a rotating member disposed in the housing and rotatably connected to the housing; and a control lever connected to the rotating member, the control lever driving the rotating member to rotate around at least one direction relative to the housing; and the control lever having a handle and a dust-proof portion connected to the handle, the rotating member being connected to the dust-proof portion, the dust-proof portion being partially accommodated in the housing, and the rotating member being shielded by the dust-proof portion. Through the control lever assembly of the remote control, on the one hand, some external sand or moisture may be prevented from entering, on the other hand, an appearance of the control lever assembly may be better optimized, and the user who performs an operation may intuitively feel that the control lever rotates around a rotating center, providing better user experience. | 1. A remote control (300), comprising:
a remote-control body (101); and a control lever assembly (100) at least partially accommodated in the remote-control body (101); the control lever assembly (100) comprising:
a housing (30) disposed in the remote-control body (101);
a rotating member disposed in the housing (30) and rotatably connected to the housing (30); and
a control lever (40) connected to the rotating member, the control lever (40) driving the rotating member to rotate around at least one direction relative to the housing (30); wherein
the control lever (40) has a handle (42) and a dust-proof portion (41) connected to the handle (42), the rotating member being connected to the dust-proof portion (41), the dust-proof portion (41) being partially accommodated in the housing (30), and the rotating member being shielded by the dust-proof portion (41). 2. The remote control (300) according to claim 1, wherein the dust-proof portion (41) has a hollow semi-spherical shape. 3. The remote control (300) according to claim 1, wherein the handle (42) and the dust-proof portion (41) are integrally formed. 4. The remote control (300) according to claim 1, wherein the rotating member comprises:
a first rotating member (50), the first rotating member (50) being rotatably connected to the housing (30) to cause the control lever (40) to drive the first rotating member (50) for rotating around a first direction relative to the housing (30); and a second rotating member (60), the second rotating member (60) being connected to the dust-proof portion (41) and being rotatably connected to the first rotating member (50), to cause the control lever (40) to drive the second rotating member (60) for rotating around a second direction relative to the housing (30). 5. The remote control (300) according to claim 4, wherein
the first rotating member (50) comprises a rotating member body (51), a rotating housing (52) disposed at both ends of the rotating member body (51) and a first rotating shaft (53) disposed on the rotating housing (52) along the first direction and a second rotating shaft (54) disposed along the second direction, respectively; the second rotating member (60) comprises a base (61) and an extending portion (62) disposed on both sides of the base (61), mounting holes (621) being disposed on two ends of the base (61), respectively, and the extending portion (62) being connected to the dust-proof portion (41); and the first rotating member (50) is rotatably connected to the housing (30) through the first rotating shaft (53), two ends of the second rotating shaft (53) being accommodated in the mounting holes (621) respectively to cause the first rotating member (50) to be rotatably connected to the second rotating member (60). 6. The remote control (300) according to claim 5, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. 7. The remote control (300) according to claim 5, wherein the control lever assembly (100) further comprises a first elastic component (71); the first elastic component (71) being sleeved on the first rotating shaft (53), and the first elastic component (71) abutting between the housing (30) and the first rotating member (50). 8. The remote control (300) according to claim 7, wherein the first elastic component (71) comprises a first sleeving portion sleeved on the first rotating shaft (53) and a first abutting portion extending from the first sleeving portion; and
the first rotating member (50) further comprises first limiting posts (520) respectively disposed on both sides of the first rotating shaft (53), and first limiting faces (310) that are relatively spaced apart is disposed on the housing (30); a distance between the first limiting posts (520) being smaller than a distance between the first limiting faces (310); and the first abutting portion being sandwiched between the first limiting posts (520) and abutting against the first limiting posts (520) and the first limiting faces (310). 9. The remote control (300) according to claim 8, wherein the first elastic component (71) is a torsion spring, the first abutting portion being a spring leg of the torsion spring. 10. The remote control (300) according to claim 5, wherein the control lever assembly (100) further comprises a second elastic component (72); the second elastic component (72) being sleeved on the second rotating shaft (54), and the second elastic component (72) abutting between the second rotating member (60) and the first rotating member (50). 11. The remote control (300) according to claim 10, wherein the second elastic component (72) comprises a second sleeving portion sleeved on the second rotating shaft (54) and a second abutting portion extending from the second sleeving portion; and
the first rotating member (50) further comprises second limiting posts (530) disposed on both sides of the second rotating shaft (54) respectively, and second limiting faces (630) that are relatively spaced apart are disposed on the second rotating member (60); a distance between the second limiting posts (530) being smaller than a distance between the second limiting faces (630); and the second abutting portion being sandwiched between the second limiting posts (530) and abutting the second limiting posts 530 and the second limiting faces 630. 12. The remote control (300) according to claim 11, wherein the second elastic component (72) is a torsion spring, the second abutting portion being spring legs (711, 712) of the torsion spring. 13. A remote control, comprising:
a remote-control body; and a control lever assembly (200) at least partially accommodated in the remote-control body; the control lever assembly (200) comprising:
a housing (30) disposed in the remote-control body;
a rotating member disposed in the housing (30) and rotatably connected to the housing (30);
a control lever (40) connected to the rotating member, the control lever (40) driving the rotating member to rotate around at least one direction relative to the housing (30); and
a dust-proof cover (20) sleeved on the control lever (40) and connected to the housing (30). 14. The remote control according to claim 13, wherein the dust-proof cover (20) comprises a fixing portion (21) sleeved on the control lever (40), an elastic bending portion (22) connected to the fixing portion (21) and a connecting portion (23) connected to the elastic bending portion (22), the connecting portion (23) being connected to the housing (30). 15. The remote control according to claim 14, wherein the fixing portion (21), the elastic bending portion (22) and the connecting portion (23) are integrally formed. 16. The remote control according to claim 14, wherein the control lever assembly (200) further comprises a cover plate (10), the cover plate (10) being provided with an accommodating hole (13) for accommodating the control lever (40), the cover plate (10) being connected to the housing (30), and the connecting portion (23) being sandwiched between the cover plate (10) and the housing (30). 17. The remote control according to any of claim 13, wherein the control lever (40) has a handle (42) and a dust-proof portion (41) connected to the handle (40), the rotating member being connected to the dust-proof portion (41), the dust-proof portion (41) being partially accommodated in the housing, and the rotating member being shielded by the dust-proof portion (41). 18. The remote control according to claim 17, wherein the dust-proof portion (41) has a hollow semi-spherical shape. 19. The remote control according to claim 17, wherein the handle (42) and the dust-proof portion (41) are integrally formed. 20. The remote control according to claim 13, wherein the rotating member is a rotating member according to claim 1. | The present invention relates to the field of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and provides a remote control including: a remote control body and a control lever assembly at least partially accommodated in the remote control body; the control lever assembly including: a housing disposed in the remote control body; a rotating member disposed in the housing and rotatably connected to the housing; and a control lever connected to the rotating member, the control lever driving the rotating member to rotate around at least one direction relative to the housing; and the control lever having a handle and a dust-proof portion connected to the handle, the rotating member being connected to the dust-proof portion, the dust-proof portion being partially accommodated in the housing, and the rotating member being shielded by the dust-proof portion. Through the control lever assembly of the remote control, on the one hand, some external sand or moisture may be prevented from entering, on the other hand, an appearance of the control lever assembly may be better optimized, and the user who performs an operation may intuitively feel that the control lever rotates around a rotating center, providing better user experience.1. A remote control (300), comprising:
a remote-control body (101); and a control lever assembly (100) at least partially accommodated in the remote-control body (101); the control lever assembly (100) comprising:
a housing (30) disposed in the remote-control body (101);
a rotating member disposed in the housing (30) and rotatably connected to the housing (30); and
a control lever (40) connected to the rotating member, the control lever (40) driving the rotating member to rotate around at least one direction relative to the housing (30); wherein
the control lever (40) has a handle (42) and a dust-proof portion (41) connected to the handle (42), the rotating member being connected to the dust-proof portion (41), the dust-proof portion (41) being partially accommodated in the housing (30), and the rotating member being shielded by the dust-proof portion (41). 2. The remote control (300) according to claim 1, wherein the dust-proof portion (41) has a hollow semi-spherical shape. 3. The remote control (300) according to claim 1, wherein the handle (42) and the dust-proof portion (41) are integrally formed. 4. The remote control (300) according to claim 1, wherein the rotating member comprises:
a first rotating member (50), the first rotating member (50) being rotatably connected to the housing (30) to cause the control lever (40) to drive the first rotating member (50) for rotating around a first direction relative to the housing (30); and a second rotating member (60), the second rotating member (60) being connected to the dust-proof portion (41) and being rotatably connected to the first rotating member (50), to cause the control lever (40) to drive the second rotating member (60) for rotating around a second direction relative to the housing (30). 5. The remote control (300) according to claim 4, wherein
the first rotating member (50) comprises a rotating member body (51), a rotating housing (52) disposed at both ends of the rotating member body (51) and a first rotating shaft (53) disposed on the rotating housing (52) along the first direction and a second rotating shaft (54) disposed along the second direction, respectively; the second rotating member (60) comprises a base (61) and an extending portion (62) disposed on both sides of the base (61), mounting holes (621) being disposed on two ends of the base (61), respectively, and the extending portion (62) being connected to the dust-proof portion (41); and the first rotating member (50) is rotatably connected to the housing (30) through the first rotating shaft (53), two ends of the second rotating shaft (53) being accommodated in the mounting holes (621) respectively to cause the first rotating member (50) to be rotatably connected to the second rotating member (60). 6. The remote control (300) according to claim 5, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. 7. The remote control (300) according to claim 5, wherein the control lever assembly (100) further comprises a first elastic component (71); the first elastic component (71) being sleeved on the first rotating shaft (53), and the first elastic component (71) abutting between the housing (30) and the first rotating member (50). 8. The remote control (300) according to claim 7, wherein the first elastic component (71) comprises a first sleeving portion sleeved on the first rotating shaft (53) and a first abutting portion extending from the first sleeving portion; and
the first rotating member (50) further comprises first limiting posts (520) respectively disposed on both sides of the first rotating shaft (53), and first limiting faces (310) that are relatively spaced apart is disposed on the housing (30); a distance between the first limiting posts (520) being smaller than a distance between the first limiting faces (310); and the first abutting portion being sandwiched between the first limiting posts (520) and abutting against the first limiting posts (520) and the first limiting faces (310). 9. The remote control (300) according to claim 8, wherein the first elastic component (71) is a torsion spring, the first abutting portion being a spring leg of the torsion spring. 10. The remote control (300) according to claim 5, wherein the control lever assembly (100) further comprises a second elastic component (72); the second elastic component (72) being sleeved on the second rotating shaft (54), and the second elastic component (72) abutting between the second rotating member (60) and the first rotating member (50). 11. The remote control (300) according to claim 10, wherein the second elastic component (72) comprises a second sleeving portion sleeved on the second rotating shaft (54) and a second abutting portion extending from the second sleeving portion; and
the first rotating member (50) further comprises second limiting posts (530) disposed on both sides of the second rotating shaft (54) respectively, and second limiting faces (630) that are relatively spaced apart are disposed on the second rotating member (60); a distance between the second limiting posts (530) being smaller than a distance between the second limiting faces (630); and the second abutting portion being sandwiched between the second limiting posts (530) and abutting the second limiting posts 530 and the second limiting faces 630. 12. The remote control (300) according to claim 11, wherein the second elastic component (72) is a torsion spring, the second abutting portion being spring legs (711, 712) of the torsion spring. 13. A remote control, comprising:
a remote-control body; and a control lever assembly (200) at least partially accommodated in the remote-control body; the control lever assembly (200) comprising:
a housing (30) disposed in the remote-control body;
a rotating member disposed in the housing (30) and rotatably connected to the housing (30);
a control lever (40) connected to the rotating member, the control lever (40) driving the rotating member to rotate around at least one direction relative to the housing (30); and
a dust-proof cover (20) sleeved on the control lever (40) and connected to the housing (30). 14. The remote control according to claim 13, wherein the dust-proof cover (20) comprises a fixing portion (21) sleeved on the control lever (40), an elastic bending portion (22) connected to the fixing portion (21) and a connecting portion (23) connected to the elastic bending portion (22), the connecting portion (23) being connected to the housing (30). 15. The remote control according to claim 14, wherein the fixing portion (21), the elastic bending portion (22) and the connecting portion (23) are integrally formed. 16. The remote control according to claim 14, wherein the control lever assembly (200) further comprises a cover plate (10), the cover plate (10) being provided with an accommodating hole (13) for accommodating the control lever (40), the cover plate (10) being connected to the housing (30), and the connecting portion (23) being sandwiched between the cover plate (10) and the housing (30). 17. The remote control according to any of claim 13, wherein the control lever (40) has a handle (42) and a dust-proof portion (41) connected to the handle (40), the rotating member being connected to the dust-proof portion (41), the dust-proof portion (41) being partially accommodated in the housing, and the rotating member being shielded by the dust-proof portion (41). 18. The remote control according to claim 17, wherein the dust-proof portion (41) has a hollow semi-spherical shape. 19. The remote control according to claim 17, wherein the handle (42) and the dust-proof portion (41) are integrally formed. 20. The remote control according to claim 13, wherein the rotating member is a rotating member according to claim 1. | 3,600 |
346,675 | 16,805,142 | 3,656 | An apparatus and method for collecting a breath sample are provided. The apparatus has a breath input interface configured to receive exhaled breath, a container connected to the breath input interface for receiving at least some of the exhaled breath, the container having a cavity with a volume that is controllable, and at least one controller configured to control the volume of the cavity to increase at a volume increase rate that is at most equal to a flow rate of the exhaled breath received by the breath input interface. | 1. An apparatus for collecting a breath sample, comprising:
a breath input interface configured to receive exhaled breath; a container connected to the breath input interface for receiving at least some of the exhaled breath, the container having a cavity with a volume that is controllable; and at least one controller configured to control the volume of the cavity to increase at a volume increase rate that is at most equal to a flow rate of the exhaled breath received by the breath input interface. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a breath intake conduit of a first conduit system extends from the breath input interface and towards the container, and wherein an exhaust conduit of the first conduit system branches from the breath collecting portion at a first end thereof and has an outlet at a second end thereof. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a flow meter positioned to measure a flow rate along the exhaust conduit. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the volume increase rate of the volume of the container is proportional to the flow rate along the exhaust conduit. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the volume of the container is directly mechanically controllable by the at least one controller. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the container comprises a piston chamber having an actuatable piston positioned therein, a position of the piston in the piston chamber defining the volume of a cavity. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising at least one sorbent tube connected to the container, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control actuation of the piston to impel the breath in the cavity through the at least one sorbent tube. 9. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the container includes an at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a pump configured intermediate the breath input interface and the container to impel the breath into the at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle at the volume increase rate. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising at least one sorbent tube connected to the at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the pump to impel the breath in the cavity through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 12. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a metering device positioned to determine a constituent level in the exhaust conduit, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to determine if the constituent level is within a constituent level target range, determine if a change rate in the constituent level is within a constituent level change rate target range, and control the valve to open at least partially based on whether the constituent level is within the constituent level target range and the change rate is within the constituent level change rate target range. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the metering device is a capnometer, the constituent level is a carbon dioxide level, the constituent level target range is a carbon dioxide level target range, and the constituent level change rate target range is a carbon dioxide level change rate target range. 15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a breath intake conduit of a first conduit system extending from the breath input interface and towards the container; and a flow meter positioned to measure a flow rate of the exhaled breath along the breath intake conduit. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the volume increase rate of the volume of the container is proportional to the flow rate along the breath intake conduit. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the volume of the container is directly mechanically controllable by the at least one controller. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the container comprises a piston chamber having an actuatable piston positioned therein, a position of the piston in the piston chamber defining the volume of a cavity. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising at least one sorbent tube connected to the container, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control actuation of the piston to impel the breath in the cavity through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the container includes an at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a pump configured intermediate the breath input interface and the container to impel the breath into the at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle at the volume increase rate. | An apparatus and method for collecting a breath sample are provided. The apparatus has a breath input interface configured to receive exhaled breath, a container connected to the breath input interface for receiving at least some of the exhaled breath, the container having a cavity with a volume that is controllable, and at least one controller configured to control the volume of the cavity to increase at a volume increase rate that is at most equal to a flow rate of the exhaled breath received by the breath input interface.1. An apparatus for collecting a breath sample, comprising:
a breath input interface configured to receive exhaled breath; a container connected to the breath input interface for receiving at least some of the exhaled breath, the container having a cavity with a volume that is controllable; and at least one controller configured to control the volume of the cavity to increase at a volume increase rate that is at most equal to a flow rate of the exhaled breath received by the breath input interface. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a breath intake conduit of a first conduit system extends from the breath input interface and towards the container, and wherein an exhaust conduit of the first conduit system branches from the breath collecting portion at a first end thereof and has an outlet at a second end thereof. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a flow meter positioned to measure a flow rate along the exhaust conduit. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the volume increase rate of the volume of the container is proportional to the flow rate along the exhaust conduit. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the volume of the container is directly mechanically controllable by the at least one controller. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the container comprises a piston chamber having an actuatable piston positioned therein, a position of the piston in the piston chamber defining the volume of a cavity. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising at least one sorbent tube connected to the container, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control actuation of the piston to impel the breath in the cavity through the at least one sorbent tube. 9. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the container includes an at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a pump configured intermediate the breath input interface and the container to impel the breath into the at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle at the volume increase rate. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising at least one sorbent tube connected to the at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the pump to impel the breath in the cavity through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 12. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a metering device positioned to determine a constituent level in the exhaust conduit, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to determine if the constituent level is within a constituent level target range, determine if a change rate in the constituent level is within a constituent level change rate target range, and control the valve to open at least partially based on whether the constituent level is within the constituent level target range and the change rate is within the constituent level change rate target range. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the metering device is a capnometer, the constituent level is a carbon dioxide level, the constituent level target range is a carbon dioxide level target range, and the constituent level change rate target range is a carbon dioxide level change rate target range. 15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a breath intake conduit of a first conduit system extending from the breath input interface and towards the container; and a flow meter positioned to measure a flow rate of the exhaled breath along the breath intake conduit. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the volume increase rate of the volume of the container is proportional to the flow rate along the breath intake conduit. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the volume of the container is directly mechanically controllable by the at least one controller. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the container comprises a piston chamber having an actuatable piston positioned therein, a position of the piston in the piston chamber defining the volume of a cavity. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a valve positioned to control travel of the exhaled breath to the piston chamber. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising at least one sorbent tube connected to the container, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the valve to close and control actuation of the piston to impel the breath in the cavity through a subset of the at least one sorbent tube. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the container includes an at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a pump configured intermediate the breath input interface and the container to impel the breath into the at least partially flexible collapsible receptacle at the volume increase rate. | 3,600 |
346,676 | 16,805,134 | 3,656 | A method for providing redundancy in a network centric process control system, where at least one node includes at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof, wherein a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function acts as an active control service for the first control function and a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function acts as a standby control service for the first control function, the method including performing, by the first control service, the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publishing via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function, synchronizing the first control service with the second control service, and taking over, by the second control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the role of active control service, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via a second middleware service provided for the second control service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. | 1. A method for providing redundancy in a network centric process control system, where at least one node includes at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof, where a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function is set to act as an active control service for the first control function and a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function is set to act as a standby control service for the first control function, the method comprising:
performing, by the first control service, the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publishing, via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function, synchronizing the first control service with the second control service; taking over, by the second control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the role of active control service, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via the second middleware service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the publishing of data comprises copying by a control serviced to a middleware service, and publishing, by the middleware service the data in the network centric process control system and/or to another control service executing in the same node. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the publishing of data comprises grouping, by the middleware service, publishing process data in data sets, wherein each data set is assigned a multicast address. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the synchronizing of the first control service with the second control service includes the first control service sending data needed for standby operation and the second control service receiving the data needed for standby operation. 5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising subscribing, by the second control service, to input process data of the first control function prior to taking over the role of active control service, and blocking, in the second control service, input process data from being used and output process data from being published and removing the blocking after the taking over the role of active control service. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the synchronizing of data needed for standby operation includes synchronizing states in the first control function. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the sending of data needed for standby operation includes sending states of the first control service to the second control service for application in the second control service. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the sending of data needed for standby operation includes sending process input data and triggers causing state changes in the second control service and executing the triggers in parallel in the first and second control service. 9. A network centric process control systems comprising nodes, each node having a processor and a computer program product storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, causes the node to run at least one control service, where the system includes at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof,
wherein in the network centric process control system, a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function is set to act as an active control service for the first control function by performing the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publishing, via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function, a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function is set to act as a standby control service for the first control service, wherein the first and second process control services are set to synchronize with each other, and the second control service is configured to take over the roll of active control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via the second middleware service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. 10. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the first control serviced and the second control service are provided in the same node. 11. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the first control service and the second control service are provided in different nodes. 12. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the realization of the first control function in the first control service is at least partly different from the realization of the first control function in the second control service. 13. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the realization of the first control function in the first control service is the same as the realization of the first control function in the second control service. 14. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the first node further comprises a node manager configured to monitor the operation of the first node and trigger the taking over of the role as active control service by the second control service. 15. A computer program for providing redundancy in a network centric process control system comprising at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof, wherein a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function is set to act as an active control service for the first control function and a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function is set to act as a standby control service for the first control function, the computer program including computer program code, which when run in network centric process control system:
causes the first control service to perform the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publish, via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function,
causes the first and second process control services to synchronize with each other, and
causes the second control service to take over the roll of active control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via a second middleware service provided for the second control service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the synchronizing of data needed for standby operation includes synchronizing states in the first control function. | A method for providing redundancy in a network centric process control system, where at least one node includes at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof, wherein a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function acts as an active control service for the first control function and a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function acts as a standby control service for the first control function, the method including performing, by the first control service, the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publishing via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function, synchronizing the first control service with the second control service, and taking over, by the second control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the role of active control service, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via a second middleware service provided for the second control service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data.1. A method for providing redundancy in a network centric process control system, where at least one node includes at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof, where a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function is set to act as an active control service for the first control function and a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function is set to act as a standby control service for the first control function, the method comprising:
performing, by the first control service, the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publishing, via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function, synchronizing the first control service with the second control service; taking over, by the second control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the role of active control service, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via the second middleware service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the publishing of data comprises copying by a control serviced to a middleware service, and publishing, by the middleware service the data in the network centric process control system and/or to another control service executing in the same node. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the publishing of data comprises grouping, by the middleware service, publishing process data in data sets, wherein each data set is assigned a multicast address. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the synchronizing of the first control service with the second control service includes the first control service sending data needed for standby operation and the second control service receiving the data needed for standby operation. 5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising subscribing, by the second control service, to input process data of the first control function prior to taking over the role of active control service, and blocking, in the second control service, input process data from being used and output process data from being published and removing the blocking after the taking over the role of active control service. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the synchronizing of data needed for standby operation includes synchronizing states in the first control function. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the sending of data needed for standby operation includes sending states of the first control service to the second control service for application in the second control service. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the sending of data needed for standby operation includes sending process input data and triggers causing state changes in the second control service and executing the triggers in parallel in the first and second control service. 9. A network centric process control systems comprising nodes, each node having a processor and a computer program product storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, causes the node to run at least one control service, where the system includes at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof,
wherein in the network centric process control system, a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function is set to act as an active control service for the first control function by performing the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publishing, via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function, a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function is set to act as a standby control service for the first control service, wherein the first and second process control services are set to synchronize with each other, and the second control service is configured to take over the roll of active control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via the second middleware service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. 10. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the first control serviced and the second control service are provided in the same node. 11. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the first control service and the second control service are provided in different nodes. 12. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the realization of the first control function in the first control service is at least partly different from the realization of the first control function in the second control service. 13. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the realization of the first control function in the first control service is the same as the realization of the first control function in the second control service. 14. The network centric process control system according to claim 9, wherein the first node further comprises a node manager configured to monitor the operation of the first node and trigger the taking over of the role as active control service by the second control service. 15. A computer program for providing redundancy in a network centric process control system comprising at least one control service as well as at least one middleware service for communicating in the process control system, where the control service and middleware service is each a separate executable running in a separate operating system process provided by a real time operating system thereof, wherein a first control service in a first node communicating via a first middleware service and implementing a first control function is set to act as an active control service for the first control function and a second control service communicating via a second middleware service and implementing the first control function is set to act as a standby control service for the first control function, the computer program including computer program code, which when run in network centric process control system:
causes the first control service to perform the first control function through subscribing, via the first middleware service, to input process data of the first control function and publish, via the first middleware service, output process data of the first control function,
causes the first and second process control services to synchronize with each other, and
causes the second control service to take over the roll of active control service based on a determination that a fault has occurred in the first node, the taking over including publishing, by the second control service via a second middleware service provided for the second control service, the output process data of the first control function based on a subscription of the second control service to the input process data. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the synchronizing of data needed for standby operation includes synchronizing states in the first control function. | 3,600 |
346,677 | 16,805,061 | 3,656 | A light detection and ranging system is provided for improving imaging accuracy and measurement range. The light detection and ranging system may comprise: a light source configured to emit a multi-pulse sequence into a three-dimensional environment, in which the multi-pulse sequence comprises multiple light pulses having a temporal profile; a photosensitive detector configured to detect light pulses returned from the three-dimensional environment and generate an output signal indicative of an amount of optical energy associated with a subset of the light pulses; and one or more processors electrically coupled to the light source and the photosensitive detector, and the one or more processors are configured to: generate the temporal profile based on one or more real-time conditions; and determine one or more parameters for selecting the subset of light pulses. | 1. A light detection and ranging system comprising:
a light source configured to emit a sequence of laser pulses according to a temporal profile; a photosensitive detector configured to detect return pulses of the sequence reflected by objects in a three-dimensional environment and generate an output signal indicative of an amount of optical energy associated with a subset of the return pulses; and one or more processors electrically coupled to the light source and the photosensitive detector, wherein the one or more processors are configured to:
generate the temporal profile based on one or more real-time conditions; and
determine one or more parameters for selecting the subset of light pulses. 2. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to calculate a distance based on a time of flight associated with the subset of the return pulses, wherein the time of flight is determined by determining a match between the sequence of detected light pulses and the temporal profile. 3. The light detection and ranging system of claim 2, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the return pulses are determined based on the distance between the light detection and ranging system and an object located in the three-dimensional environment. 4. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the temporal profile comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of amplitude of each pulse from the multiple pulses, duration of each pulse from the multiple pulses, time intervals among the multiple pulses and number of the multiple pulses. 5. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the light pulses are determined based at least in part on the temporal profile. 6. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a number of light pulses in the subset or a parameter indicating a combination of non-consecutive light pulses. 7. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more real-time conditions are obtained based on the detected light pulses. 8. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more real-time conditions comprise detection of an object located within a pre-determined distance threshold. 9. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to generate a 3D image based on the output signal. 10. A method for imaging using a light detection and ranging system comprising:
generating a temporal profile based on one or more real-time conditions; emitting a multi-pulse sequence into a three-dimensional environment, wherein the multi-pulse sequence comprises multiple pulses having the temporal profile; detecting light pulses from the three-dimensional environment; and generating an output signal indicative of an amount of optical energy associated with a subset of the light pulses. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining one or more parameters for selecting the subset of light pulses. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the light pulses are determined based on a distance between the light detection and ranging system and an object located in the three-dimensional environment. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the light pulses are determined based at least in part on the temporal profile. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a number of light pulses in the subset or a parameter indicating a combination of non-consecutive light pulses. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising calculating a distance based on a time of flight associated with the detected light pulses. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining the time of flight by determining a match between the sequence of detected light pulses and the temporal profile. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the temporal profile comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of amplitude of each pulse from the multiple pulses, duration of each pulse from the multiple pulses, time intervals among the multiple pulses and number of the multiple pulses. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more real-time conditions are obtained based on the detected light pulses. 19. The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more real-time conditions comprise detection of an object located within a pre-determined distance threshold. 20. The method of claim 10, further comprising generating a 3D image based on the output signal. 21. The method of claim 10, wherein the output signal corresponds to an intensity value of a pixel in the 3D image. | A light detection and ranging system is provided for improving imaging accuracy and measurement range. The light detection and ranging system may comprise: a light source configured to emit a multi-pulse sequence into a three-dimensional environment, in which the multi-pulse sequence comprises multiple light pulses having a temporal profile; a photosensitive detector configured to detect light pulses returned from the three-dimensional environment and generate an output signal indicative of an amount of optical energy associated with a subset of the light pulses; and one or more processors electrically coupled to the light source and the photosensitive detector, and the one or more processors are configured to: generate the temporal profile based on one or more real-time conditions; and determine one or more parameters for selecting the subset of light pulses.1. A light detection and ranging system comprising:
a light source configured to emit a sequence of laser pulses according to a temporal profile; a photosensitive detector configured to detect return pulses of the sequence reflected by objects in a three-dimensional environment and generate an output signal indicative of an amount of optical energy associated with a subset of the return pulses; and one or more processors electrically coupled to the light source and the photosensitive detector, wherein the one or more processors are configured to:
generate the temporal profile based on one or more real-time conditions; and
determine one or more parameters for selecting the subset of light pulses. 2. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to calculate a distance based on a time of flight associated with the subset of the return pulses, wherein the time of flight is determined by determining a match between the sequence of detected light pulses and the temporal profile. 3. The light detection and ranging system of claim 2, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the return pulses are determined based on the distance between the light detection and ranging system and an object located in the three-dimensional environment. 4. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the temporal profile comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of amplitude of each pulse from the multiple pulses, duration of each pulse from the multiple pulses, time intervals among the multiple pulses and number of the multiple pulses. 5. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the light pulses are determined based at least in part on the temporal profile. 6. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a number of light pulses in the subset or a parameter indicating a combination of non-consecutive light pulses. 7. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more real-time conditions are obtained based on the detected light pulses. 8. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more real-time conditions comprise detection of an object located within a pre-determined distance threshold. 9. The light detection and ranging system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to generate a 3D image based on the output signal. 10. A method for imaging using a light detection and ranging system comprising:
generating a temporal profile based on one or more real-time conditions; emitting a multi-pulse sequence into a three-dimensional environment, wherein the multi-pulse sequence comprises multiple pulses having the temporal profile; detecting light pulses from the three-dimensional environment; and generating an output signal indicative of an amount of optical energy associated with a subset of the light pulses. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining one or more parameters for selecting the subset of light pulses. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the light pulses are determined based on a distance between the light detection and ranging system and an object located in the three-dimensional environment. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters for selecting the subset of the light pulses are determined based at least in part on the temporal profile. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a number of light pulses in the subset or a parameter indicating a combination of non-consecutive light pulses. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising calculating a distance based on a time of flight associated with the detected light pulses. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining the time of flight by determining a match between the sequence of detected light pulses and the temporal profile. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the temporal profile comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of amplitude of each pulse from the multiple pulses, duration of each pulse from the multiple pulses, time intervals among the multiple pulses and number of the multiple pulses. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more real-time conditions are obtained based on the detected light pulses. 19. The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more real-time conditions comprise detection of an object located within a pre-determined distance threshold. 20. The method of claim 10, further comprising generating a 3D image based on the output signal. 21. The method of claim 10, wherein the output signal corresponds to an intensity value of a pixel in the 3D image. | 3,600 |
346,678 | 16,805,113 | 3,656 | Systems and methods for improved transitioning and updating of navigations modes for multi-modal transportation routes are presented. In one embodiment, a method is provided that includes receiving a transportation route, which may include a first segment and a second segment. A first interface associated with the first segment may be displayed and may include a visual indicator of a rate of progress. A predicted travel time may be predicted, based on the rate of progress, to a starting location of the second segment. The visual indicator may be updated based on a comparison of the predicted travel time to a start time of the second segment. | 1. A system for generating an interface for display on a computing device, the system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment and a second segment;
display, on the computing device, a first interface including a visual indicator associated with a rate of progress of the computing device along the first segment;
determine, based on the rate of progress, a predicted travel time from a current location of the computing device to a starting location of the second segment; and
update the visual indicator based on a difference between the predicted travel time and a start time of the second segment. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the visual indicator includes a representation of a remaining time until at least one of (i) the first segment is completed and (ii) the start time of the second segment. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the second segment is identified based on the start time. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
determine that the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by more than a predetermined route update threshold; and display, on the computing device, a first prompt to update the transportation route. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to display, in response to detecting a deviation of the computing device from the transportation route, a second prompt associated with a fraud event. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein updating the visual indicator includes at least one of (i) updating the visual indicator to depict a first indication of a fast rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by a predetermined progress threshold, (ii) updating the visual indicator to depict a second indication of a medium rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by less than the predetermined progress threshold, and (iii) updating the visual indicator to depict a third indication of a slow rate of progress if the predicted travel time is less than or equal to the start time. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein at least one of (i) the first indication depicts a running person, (ii) the second indication depicts a walking person, and (iii) the third indication depicts a skipping person. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first segment is associated with a first modality and wherein the predicted travel time is determined by a model configured to:
generate an initial predicted time from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment; and determine a first adjustment to the initial predicted time, the first adjustment at least partially based on previous movement speeds of a user associated with the computing device when using the first modality. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the model is configured to generate the initial predicted time based on the first modality, a distance from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment, and previous travel times for previously-completed trips using the first modality in locations near the current location of the computing device. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the predicted travel time includes a predicted transition time to begin the second segment. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the second segment is associated with a second modality and wherein the predicted transition time is generated based at least in part on a time associated with accessing the second modality. 12. A method for generating an interface for display on a computing device, the method comprising:
receiving a transportation route including at least a first segment and a second segment; displaying, on the computing device, a first interface including a visual indicator associated with a rate of progress of the computing device along the first segment; determining, based on the rate of progress, a predicted travel time from a current location of the computing device to a starting location of the second segment; and updating the visual indicator based on a difference between the predicted travel time and a start time of the second segment. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the visual indicator includes a representation of a remaining time until at least one of (i) the first segment is completed and (ii) the start time of the second segment. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
determining that the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by more than a predetermined route update threshold; and displaying, on the computing device, a first prompt to update the transportation route. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising displaying, in response to detecting a deviation of the computing device from the transportation route, a second prompt associated with a fraud event. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein updating the visual indicator includes at least one of (i) updating the visual indicator to depict a first indication of a fast rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by a predetermined progress threshold, (ii) updating the visual indicator to depict a second indication of a medium rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by less than the predetermined progress threshold, and (iii) updating the visual indicator to depict a third indication of a slow rate of progress if the predicted travel time is less than or equal to the start time. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein the first segment is associated with a first modality and wherein the predicted travel time is determined by a model configured to:
generate an initial predicted time from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment; and determine a first adjustment to the initial predicted time, the first adjustment at least partially based on previous movement speeds of a user associated with the computing device when using the first modality. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the model is configured to generate the initial predicted time based on the first modality, a distance from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment, and previous travel times for previously-completed trips using the first modality in locations near the current location of the computing device. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein the second segment is associated with a second modality and wherein the predicted travel time includes a predicted transition time generated based at least in part on a time associated with accessing the second modality. 20. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment and a second segment; display, on a computing device, a first interface including a visual indicator associated with a rate of progress of the computing device along the first segment; determine, based on the rate of progress, a predicted travel time from a current location of the computing device to a starting location of the second segment; and update the visual indicator based on a difference between the predicted travel time and a start time of the second segment. | Systems and methods for improved transitioning and updating of navigations modes for multi-modal transportation routes are presented. In one embodiment, a method is provided that includes receiving a transportation route, which may include a first segment and a second segment. A first interface associated with the first segment may be displayed and may include a visual indicator of a rate of progress. A predicted travel time may be predicted, based on the rate of progress, to a starting location of the second segment. The visual indicator may be updated based on a comparison of the predicted travel time to a start time of the second segment.1. A system for generating an interface for display on a computing device, the system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment and a second segment;
display, on the computing device, a first interface including a visual indicator associated with a rate of progress of the computing device along the first segment;
determine, based on the rate of progress, a predicted travel time from a current location of the computing device to a starting location of the second segment; and
update the visual indicator based on a difference between the predicted travel time and a start time of the second segment. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the visual indicator includes a representation of a remaining time until at least one of (i) the first segment is completed and (ii) the start time of the second segment. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the second segment is identified based on the start time. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
determine that the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by more than a predetermined route update threshold; and display, on the computing device, a first prompt to update the transportation route. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to display, in response to detecting a deviation of the computing device from the transportation route, a second prompt associated with a fraud event. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein updating the visual indicator includes at least one of (i) updating the visual indicator to depict a first indication of a fast rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by a predetermined progress threshold, (ii) updating the visual indicator to depict a second indication of a medium rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by less than the predetermined progress threshold, and (iii) updating the visual indicator to depict a third indication of a slow rate of progress if the predicted travel time is less than or equal to the start time. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein at least one of (i) the first indication depicts a running person, (ii) the second indication depicts a walking person, and (iii) the third indication depicts a skipping person. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first segment is associated with a first modality and wherein the predicted travel time is determined by a model configured to:
generate an initial predicted time from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment; and determine a first adjustment to the initial predicted time, the first adjustment at least partially based on previous movement speeds of a user associated with the computing device when using the first modality. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the model is configured to generate the initial predicted time based on the first modality, a distance from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment, and previous travel times for previously-completed trips using the first modality in locations near the current location of the computing device. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the predicted travel time includes a predicted transition time to begin the second segment. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the second segment is associated with a second modality and wherein the predicted transition time is generated based at least in part on a time associated with accessing the second modality. 12. A method for generating an interface for display on a computing device, the method comprising:
receiving a transportation route including at least a first segment and a second segment; displaying, on the computing device, a first interface including a visual indicator associated with a rate of progress of the computing device along the first segment; determining, based on the rate of progress, a predicted travel time from a current location of the computing device to a starting location of the second segment; and updating the visual indicator based on a difference between the predicted travel time and a start time of the second segment. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the visual indicator includes a representation of a remaining time until at least one of (i) the first segment is completed and (ii) the start time of the second segment. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
determining that the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by more than a predetermined route update threshold; and displaying, on the computing device, a first prompt to update the transportation route. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising displaying, in response to detecting a deviation of the computing device from the transportation route, a second prompt associated with a fraud event. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein updating the visual indicator includes at least one of (i) updating the visual indicator to depict a first indication of a fast rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by a predetermined progress threshold, (ii) updating the visual indicator to depict a second indication of a medium rate of progress if the predicted travel time exceeds the start time by less than the predetermined progress threshold, and (iii) updating the visual indicator to depict a third indication of a slow rate of progress if the predicted travel time is less than or equal to the start time. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein the first segment is associated with a first modality and wherein the predicted travel time is determined by a model configured to:
generate an initial predicted time from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment; and determine a first adjustment to the initial predicted time, the first adjustment at least partially based on previous movement speeds of a user associated with the computing device when using the first modality. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the model is configured to generate the initial predicted time based on the first modality, a distance from the current location of the computing device to the starting location of the second segment, and previous travel times for previously-completed trips using the first modality in locations near the current location of the computing device. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein the second segment is associated with a second modality and wherein the predicted travel time includes a predicted transition time generated based at least in part on a time associated with accessing the second modality. 20. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment and a second segment; display, on a computing device, a first interface including a visual indicator associated with a rate of progress of the computing device along the first segment; determine, based on the rate of progress, a predicted travel time from a current location of the computing device to a starting location of the second segment; and update the visual indicator based on a difference between the predicted travel time and a start time of the second segment. | 3,600 |
346,679 | 16,805,133 | 3,656 | An adjustable workpiece support system includes an adjustable support apparatus, an analysis support point module, a coordinate post-processing module and a control module. The adjustable support apparatus has a group of support devices for supporting a supported workpiece, the each support device being adjustable in height and angle. The analysis support point module is used to import a computer-aided design file of the supported workpiece, and analyze the computer-aided design file to obtain a group of support points of the supported workpiece. The coordinate post-processing module is configured to calculate the support coordinates of the each support device corresponding to the group of support points. The control module is configured to receive the support coordinates of the each support device, and adjust the height and angle of the each support device to support the supported workpiece, so that the amount of deformation of the supported workpiece is the minimum. | 1. An adjustable workpiece support system, comprising:
an adjustable support apparatus, having a group of support devices for supporting a supported workpiece, the each support device being adjustable in height and angle; an analysis support point module, used to import a computer-aided design file of the supported workpiece, and used to analyze the computer-aided design file to obtain a group of support points of the supported workpiece; an coordinate post-processing module, configured to calculate the support coordinates of the each support device corresponding to the group of support points; and a control module, configured to receive the support coordinates of the each support device, and configured to adjust the height and angle of the each support device to support the supported workpiece, so that the amount of deformation of the supported workpiece is the minimum. 2. The adjustable workpiece support system as recited in claim 1, wherein the quantity of the group of support devices is 2×2. 3. The adjustable workpiece support system as recited in claim 1, wherein the analysis support point module uses a finite element method for analysis and to minimize the amount of deformation generated when the supported workpiece is supported. 4. An adjustable workpiece support method, comprising the steps of:
providing an adjustable support apparatus having a group of support devices for supporting a supported workpiece, the each support device being adjustable in height and angle; importing a computer-aided design file of the supported workpiece, and analyzing the computer-aided design file to obtain a group support points of the supported workpiece; calculating support coordinates of the each support device corresponding to the group of support points; and adjusting the height and angle of the each support device to support the supported workpiece based on the support coordinates of the each support device, so that the amount of deformation of the supported workpiece is the minimum. 5. The adjustable workpiece support method as recited in claim 4, wherein the quantity of the group of support devices is 2×2. 6. The adjustable workpiece support method as recited in claim 4, further comprising a step of using a finite element method for analysis and to minimize the amount of deformation generated when the supported workpiece is supported. | An adjustable workpiece support system includes an adjustable support apparatus, an analysis support point module, a coordinate post-processing module and a control module. The adjustable support apparatus has a group of support devices for supporting a supported workpiece, the each support device being adjustable in height and angle. The analysis support point module is used to import a computer-aided design file of the supported workpiece, and analyze the computer-aided design file to obtain a group of support points of the supported workpiece. The coordinate post-processing module is configured to calculate the support coordinates of the each support device corresponding to the group of support points. The control module is configured to receive the support coordinates of the each support device, and adjust the height and angle of the each support device to support the supported workpiece, so that the amount of deformation of the supported workpiece is the minimum.1. An adjustable workpiece support system, comprising:
an adjustable support apparatus, having a group of support devices for supporting a supported workpiece, the each support device being adjustable in height and angle; an analysis support point module, used to import a computer-aided design file of the supported workpiece, and used to analyze the computer-aided design file to obtain a group of support points of the supported workpiece; an coordinate post-processing module, configured to calculate the support coordinates of the each support device corresponding to the group of support points; and a control module, configured to receive the support coordinates of the each support device, and configured to adjust the height and angle of the each support device to support the supported workpiece, so that the amount of deformation of the supported workpiece is the minimum. 2. The adjustable workpiece support system as recited in claim 1, wherein the quantity of the group of support devices is 2×2. 3. The adjustable workpiece support system as recited in claim 1, wherein the analysis support point module uses a finite element method for analysis and to minimize the amount of deformation generated when the supported workpiece is supported. 4. An adjustable workpiece support method, comprising the steps of:
providing an adjustable support apparatus having a group of support devices for supporting a supported workpiece, the each support device being adjustable in height and angle; importing a computer-aided design file of the supported workpiece, and analyzing the computer-aided design file to obtain a group support points of the supported workpiece; calculating support coordinates of the each support device corresponding to the group of support points; and adjusting the height and angle of the each support device to support the supported workpiece based on the support coordinates of the each support device, so that the amount of deformation of the supported workpiece is the minimum. 5. The adjustable workpiece support method as recited in claim 4, wherein the quantity of the group of support devices is 2×2. 6. The adjustable workpiece support method as recited in claim 4, further comprising a step of using a finite element method for analysis and to minimize the amount of deformation generated when the supported workpiece is supported. | 3,600 |
346,680 | 16,805,116 | 3,656 | A system and method of generating trackable frames from a broadcast video feed are provided herein. A computing system retrieves a broadcast video feed for a sporting event. The broadcast video feed includes a plurality of video frames. The computing system generates a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model. The set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames. The computing system partitions each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters. The computing system classifies each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable. Trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event. The computing system compares each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames. The computing system classifies each cluster that includes at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. | 1. A method of generating trackable frames from a broadcast video feed, comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model, wherein the set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames; partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters; classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable, wherein trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event; comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames; and classifying, by the computing system, each cluster that comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, by the computing system, the set of frames for classification using the principal component analysis model comprises:
extracting, from the plurality of video frames, a frame every selected time-interval to generate the principal component analysis model of the broadcast video feed; identifying, via the principal component analysis model, a subset of frames from the extracted frames; and using the subset of frames as the set of frames for classification. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into the plurality of clusters comprises:
labeling each frame in the subset of frames with a respective cluster number. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable comprises:
training a neural network to classify a video frame as trackable or untrackable using a training set comprising a plurality of video frames and a label associated with each video frame, wherein the label is trackable or untrackable. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein each frame of the plurality of frames comprises a trackable/untrackable classification and an associated cluster number. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to the predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames comprises:
identifying each frame corresponding to a given cluster label; and determining a number of frames corresponding to the given cluster label that include a trackable classification. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
storing each cluster that includes at least the threshold number of trackable frames in a data store. 8. A system for re-identifying players in a broadcast video feed, comprising:
a processor; and a memory having programming instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by the processor, performs one or more operations, comprising:
retrieving a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames;
generating a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model, wherein the set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames;
partitioning each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters;
classifying each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable, wherein trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event;
comparing each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames; and
classifying each cluster that comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein generating the set of frames for classification using the principal component analysis model comprises:
extracting, from the plurality of video frames, a frame every selected time-interval to generate the principal component analysis model of the broadcast video feed;
identifying, via the principal component analysis model, a subset of frames from the extracted frames; and
using the subset of frames as the set of frames for classification. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein partitioning each frame of the set of frames into the plurality of clusters comprises:
labeling each frame in the subset of frames with a respective cluster number. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein classifying each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable comprises:
training a neural network to classify a video frame as trackable or untrackable using a training set comprising a plurality of video frames and a label associated with each video frame, wherein the label is trackable or untrackable. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein each frame of the plurality of frames comprises a trackable/untrackable classification and an associated cluster number. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein comparing each cluster to the predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames comprises:
identifying each frame corresponding to a given cluster label; and determining a number of frames corresponding to the given cluster label that include a trackable classification. 14. The system of claim 13, further comprising:
storing each cluster that includes at least the threshold number of trackable frames in a data store. 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium including one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, perform one or more operations comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model, wherein the set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames; partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters; classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable, wherein trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event; comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames; and classifying, by the computing system, each cluster that comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. 16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating, by the computing system, the set of frames for classification using the principal component analysis model comprises:
extracting, from the plurality of video frames, a frame every selected time-interval to generate the principal component analysis model of the broadcast video feed; identifying, via the principal component analysis model, a subset of frames from the extracted frames; and using the subset of frames as the set of frames for classification. 17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into the plurality of clusters comprises:
labeling each frame in the subset of frames with a respective cluster number. 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable comprises:
training a neural network to classify a video frame as trackable or untrackable using a training set comprising a plurality of video frames and a label associated with each video frame, wherein the label is trackable or untrackable. 19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 18, wherein each frame of the plurality of frames comprises a trackable/untrackable classification and an associated cluster number. 20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to the predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames comprises:
identifying each frame corresponding to a given cluster label; and determining a number of frames corresponding to the given cluster label that include a trackable classification. | A system and method of generating trackable frames from a broadcast video feed are provided herein. A computing system retrieves a broadcast video feed for a sporting event. The broadcast video feed includes a plurality of video frames. The computing system generates a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model. The set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames. The computing system partitions each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters. The computing system classifies each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable. Trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event. The computing system compares each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames. The computing system classifies each cluster that includes at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable.1. A method of generating trackable frames from a broadcast video feed, comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model, wherein the set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames; partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters; classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable, wherein trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event; comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames; and classifying, by the computing system, each cluster that comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, by the computing system, the set of frames for classification using the principal component analysis model comprises:
extracting, from the plurality of video frames, a frame every selected time-interval to generate the principal component analysis model of the broadcast video feed; identifying, via the principal component analysis model, a subset of frames from the extracted frames; and using the subset of frames as the set of frames for classification. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into the plurality of clusters comprises:
labeling each frame in the subset of frames with a respective cluster number. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable comprises:
training a neural network to classify a video frame as trackable or untrackable using a training set comprising a plurality of video frames and a label associated with each video frame, wherein the label is trackable or untrackable. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein each frame of the plurality of frames comprises a trackable/untrackable classification and an associated cluster number. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to the predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames comprises:
identifying each frame corresponding to a given cluster label; and determining a number of frames corresponding to the given cluster label that include a trackable classification. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
storing each cluster that includes at least the threshold number of trackable frames in a data store. 8. A system for re-identifying players in a broadcast video feed, comprising:
a processor; and a memory having programming instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by the processor, performs one or more operations, comprising:
retrieving a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames;
generating a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model, wherein the set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames;
partitioning each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters;
classifying each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable, wherein trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event;
comparing each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames; and
classifying each cluster that comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein generating the set of frames for classification using the principal component analysis model comprises:
extracting, from the plurality of video frames, a frame every selected time-interval to generate the principal component analysis model of the broadcast video feed;
identifying, via the principal component analysis model, a subset of frames from the extracted frames; and
using the subset of frames as the set of frames for classification. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein partitioning each frame of the set of frames into the plurality of clusters comprises:
labeling each frame in the subset of frames with a respective cluster number. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein classifying each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable comprises:
training a neural network to classify a video frame as trackable or untrackable using a training set comprising a plurality of video frames and a label associated with each video frame, wherein the label is trackable or untrackable. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein each frame of the plurality of frames comprises a trackable/untrackable classification and an associated cluster number. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein comparing each cluster to the predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames comprises:
identifying each frame corresponding to a given cluster label; and determining a number of frames corresponding to the given cluster label that include a trackable classification. 14. The system of claim 13, further comprising:
storing each cluster that includes at least the threshold number of trackable frames in a data store. 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium including one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, perform one or more operations comprising:
retrieving, by a computing system, a broadcast video feed for a sporting event, the broadcast video feed comprising a plurality of video frames; generating, by the computing system, a set of frames for classification using a principal component analysis model, wherein the set of frames are a subset of the plurality of video frames; partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into a plurality of clusters; classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable, wherein trackable frames capture a unified view of the sporting event; comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to a predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least a threshold number of trackable frames; and classifying, by the computing system, each cluster that comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames as trackable. 16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating, by the computing system, the set of frames for classification using the principal component analysis model comprises:
extracting, from the plurality of video frames, a frame every selected time-interval to generate the principal component analysis model of the broadcast video feed; identifying, via the principal component analysis model, a subset of frames from the extracted frames; and using the subset of frames as the set of frames for classification. 17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein partitioning, by the computing system, each frame of the set of frames into the plurality of clusters comprises:
labeling each frame in the subset of frames with a respective cluster number. 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein classifying, by the computing system, each frame of the plurality of frames as trackable or untrackable comprises:
training a neural network to classify a video frame as trackable or untrackable using a training set comprising a plurality of video frames and a label associated with each video frame, wherein the label is trackable or untrackable. 19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 18, wherein each frame of the plurality of frames comprises a trackable/untrackable classification and an associated cluster number. 20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein comparing, by the computing system, each cluster to the predetermined threshold to determine whether each cluster comprises at least the threshold number of trackable frames comprises:
identifying each frame corresponding to a given cluster label; and determining a number of frames corresponding to the given cluster label that include a trackable classification. | 3,600 |
346,681 | 16,805,129 | 3,656 | A pole for supporting a cable. The pole includes a plurality of truncated cones arranged in a linear array to form the pole, wherein each truncated cone receives an adjacent truncated cone within its interior. Each truncated cone in the pole is formed from a veneer by moving the longitudinal edges of the veneer towards each other. A method of manufacturing the pole and various uses of the pole are also provided. | 1. A hollow structure, comprising:
a plurality of truncated cones arranged in a linear array to form an elongated structure extending in a longitudinal direction, wherein each truncated cone has an interior and the interior receives an adjacent truncated cone; and wherein each truncated cone is composed of a sheet of veneer material having a flat quadrilateral shape defined by straight lines and the sheet is formed into the truncated cone such that longitudinal edges of the sheet meet at a seam extending in the longitudinal direction. 2. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the sheet of material is trapezoid shaped, and has a height dimension of 2300 mm (90.5 in), a first side perpendicular to the height dimension and having a dimension of 880 mm (34.6 in), a second side perpendicular to the height dimension and having a dimension of 605 mm (23.8 in) and a sheet thickness of 2 mm (0.079 in). 3. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein each truncated cone is adhered to the adjacent truncated cone. 4. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein each truncated cone protrudes outside of the adjacent cone, protruding between about 1 mm to 1000 mm (0.039 in to 39.4 in). 5. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the elongated structure is a pole comprising between about 20 to 200 truncated cones. 6. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the sheet of material forming each truncated hollow cone comprises a material having a fiber direction and each truncated cone is positioned so that the fiber direction differs from the adjacent truncated cone. 7. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the elongated structure is a pole treated with an acetylating agent. 8. The hollow structure according to claim 1, further comprising at least one pole cover which covers the elongated structure. 9. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein each truncated cone protrudes outside of the adjacent cone by about 1 mm (0.0394 in). 10. A method of manufacturing a pole comprising the steps of:
(a) rolling a plurality of veneers into a plurality of truncated cones, each veneer having a flat quadrilateral shape defined by straight lines prior to rolling; (b) placing one of the plurality of truncated cones over another one of the plurality of truncated cones to form a cone array, wherein the second truncated cone is received within the interior of the first truncated cone and applying glue to one or more of faces of the one and/or another one of the plurality of truncated cones which face each other to glue the one of the plurality of truncated cones to the another one of the truncated cones; (c) repeating step (b) a plurality of times to extend the cone array comprising at least three of the plurality of truncated cones. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of applying glue is done prior to rolling. 12. The method according to claim 10 wherein the step of applying glue is done after rolling. 13. The method according to claim 10, wherein step (b) is repeated between about 20 to 200 times. 14. The method according to claim 10 wherein the placing step includes placing the rolled cone in a cone holder having a conically shaped recess. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the conically shaped recess includes a projection therein extending towards a wider portion of the conically shaped recess. | A pole for supporting a cable. The pole includes a plurality of truncated cones arranged in a linear array to form the pole, wherein each truncated cone receives an adjacent truncated cone within its interior. Each truncated cone in the pole is formed from a veneer by moving the longitudinal edges of the veneer towards each other. A method of manufacturing the pole and various uses of the pole are also provided.1. A hollow structure, comprising:
a plurality of truncated cones arranged in a linear array to form an elongated structure extending in a longitudinal direction, wherein each truncated cone has an interior and the interior receives an adjacent truncated cone; and wherein each truncated cone is composed of a sheet of veneer material having a flat quadrilateral shape defined by straight lines and the sheet is formed into the truncated cone such that longitudinal edges of the sheet meet at a seam extending in the longitudinal direction. 2. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the sheet of material is trapezoid shaped, and has a height dimension of 2300 mm (90.5 in), a first side perpendicular to the height dimension and having a dimension of 880 mm (34.6 in), a second side perpendicular to the height dimension and having a dimension of 605 mm (23.8 in) and a sheet thickness of 2 mm (0.079 in). 3. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein each truncated cone is adhered to the adjacent truncated cone. 4. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein each truncated cone protrudes outside of the adjacent cone, protruding between about 1 mm to 1000 mm (0.039 in to 39.4 in). 5. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the elongated structure is a pole comprising between about 20 to 200 truncated cones. 6. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the sheet of material forming each truncated hollow cone comprises a material having a fiber direction and each truncated cone is positioned so that the fiber direction differs from the adjacent truncated cone. 7. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein the elongated structure is a pole treated with an acetylating agent. 8. The hollow structure according to claim 1, further comprising at least one pole cover which covers the elongated structure. 9. The hollow structure according to claim 1, wherein each truncated cone protrudes outside of the adjacent cone by about 1 mm (0.0394 in). 10. A method of manufacturing a pole comprising the steps of:
(a) rolling a plurality of veneers into a plurality of truncated cones, each veneer having a flat quadrilateral shape defined by straight lines prior to rolling; (b) placing one of the plurality of truncated cones over another one of the plurality of truncated cones to form a cone array, wherein the second truncated cone is received within the interior of the first truncated cone and applying glue to one or more of faces of the one and/or another one of the plurality of truncated cones which face each other to glue the one of the plurality of truncated cones to the another one of the truncated cones; (c) repeating step (b) a plurality of times to extend the cone array comprising at least three of the plurality of truncated cones. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of applying glue is done prior to rolling. 12. The method according to claim 10 wherein the step of applying glue is done after rolling. 13. The method according to claim 10, wherein step (b) is repeated between about 20 to 200 times. 14. The method according to claim 10 wherein the placing step includes placing the rolled cone in a cone holder having a conically shaped recess. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the conically shaped recess includes a projection therein extending towards a wider portion of the conically shaped recess. | 3,600 |
346,682 | 16,805,135 | 3,656 | Systems and methods for improved transitioning and updating of navigations modes for multi-modal transportation routes are presented. A transportation route may be received that includes a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality. A first interface associated with the first modality may be displayed and a trigger event associated with the first segment may be detected. In response, a second interface may be displayed that is associated with the second modality. | 1. A system for generating an interface for display, the system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality;
display a first interface associated with the first modality;
detect a trigger event associated with the first segment; and
display a second interface associated with the second modality. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first interface displays first guidance information associated with the first modality and the second interface displays second guidance information associated with the second modality, wherein the first guidance information differs at least in part from the second guidance information. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the at least one of first and second guidance information includes haptic feedback presented via haptic actuators located in at least one of (i) the computing device and (ii) a vehicle associated with the first or second modality. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the haptic feedback is generated to provide navigation directions along at least one of the first segment and the second segment. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second modalities is a vehicle selected from the group consisting of bicycles and scooter, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that at least one of (i) the vehicle was removed from a dock station, (ii) a lock associated with the vehicle was unlocked, (iii) the vehicle was deposited at a dock station, and (iv) the lock associated with the vehicle was locked. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the second modality is transportation by a vehicle selected from the group consisting of buses, trains, and ferries, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that payment was processed from a payment system associated with the vehicle. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the first modality is transportation by automobile, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication from a computing device associated with an operator of the automobile that the first segment is complete. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the trigger event is determined at least in part based on information detected by one or more sensors of the computing device. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the trigger event includes one or more of (i) detecting that the computing device has entered or exited a geofence, (ii) detecting a change in cellular connectivity for the computing device, (iii) detecting a telematics pattern indicative of the second modality, (iv) detecting a change in altitude with a pressure sensor of the computing device. 10. A method for generating an interface for display, the method comprising:
receiving a transportation route including at least a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality; displaying a first interface associated with the first modality; detecting a trigger event associated with the first segment; and displaying a second interface associated with the second modality. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first interface displays first guidance information associated with the first modality and the second interface displays second guidance information associated with the second modality, wherein the first guidance information differs at least in part from the second guidance information. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the method is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the at least one of first and second guidance information includes haptic feedback presented via haptic actuators located in at least one of (i) the computing device and (ii) a vehicle associated with the first or second modality. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the haptic feedback is generated to provide navigation directions along at least one of the first segment and the second segment. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the first and second modalities is a vehicle selected from the group consisting of bicycles and scooter, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that at least one of (i) the vehicle was removed from a dock station, (ii) a lock associated with the vehicle was unlocked, (iii) the vehicle was deposited at a dock station, and (iv) the lock associated with the vehicle was locked. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the second modality is transportation by a vehicle selected from the group consisting of buses, trains, and ferries, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that payment was processed from a payment system associated with the vehicle. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the first modality is transportation by automobile, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication from a computing device associated with an operator of the automobile that the first segment is complete. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the method is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the trigger event is determined at least in part based on information detected by one or more sensors of the computing device. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the trigger event includes one or more of (i) detecting that the computing device has entered or exited a geofence, (ii) detecting a change in cellular connectivity for the computing device, (iii) detecting a telematics pattern indicative of the second modality, (iv) detecting a change in altitude with a pressure sensor of the computing device. 19. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality; display a first interface associated with the first modality; detect a trigger event associated with the first segment; and display a second interface associated with the second modality. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein at least one of the first and second modalities is a vehicle selected from the group consisting of bicycles and scooter, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that at least one of (i) the vehicle was removed from a dock station, (ii) a lock associated with the vehicle was unlocked, (iii) the vehicle was deposited at a dock station, and (iv) the lock associated with the vehicle was locked. | Systems and methods for improved transitioning and updating of navigations modes for multi-modal transportation routes are presented. A transportation route may be received that includes a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality. A first interface associated with the first modality may be displayed and a trigger event associated with the first segment may be detected. In response, a second interface may be displayed that is associated with the second modality.1. A system for generating an interface for display, the system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality;
display a first interface associated with the first modality;
detect a trigger event associated with the first segment; and
display a second interface associated with the second modality. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first interface displays first guidance information associated with the first modality and the second interface displays second guidance information associated with the second modality, wherein the first guidance information differs at least in part from the second guidance information. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the at least one of first and second guidance information includes haptic feedback presented via haptic actuators located in at least one of (i) the computing device and (ii) a vehicle associated with the first or second modality. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the haptic feedback is generated to provide navigation directions along at least one of the first segment and the second segment. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second modalities is a vehicle selected from the group consisting of bicycles and scooter, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that at least one of (i) the vehicle was removed from a dock station, (ii) a lock associated with the vehicle was unlocked, (iii) the vehicle was deposited at a dock station, and (iv) the lock associated with the vehicle was locked. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the second modality is transportation by a vehicle selected from the group consisting of buses, trains, and ferries, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that payment was processed from a payment system associated with the vehicle. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the first modality is transportation by automobile, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication from a computing device associated with an operator of the automobile that the first segment is complete. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the trigger event is determined at least in part based on information detected by one or more sensors of the computing device. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the trigger event includes one or more of (i) detecting that the computing device has entered or exited a geofence, (ii) detecting a change in cellular connectivity for the computing device, (iii) detecting a telematics pattern indicative of the second modality, (iv) detecting a change in altitude with a pressure sensor of the computing device. 10. A method for generating an interface for display, the method comprising:
receiving a transportation route including at least a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality; displaying a first interface associated with the first modality; detecting a trigger event associated with the first segment; and displaying a second interface associated with the second modality. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first interface displays first guidance information associated with the first modality and the second interface displays second guidance information associated with the second modality, wherein the first guidance information differs at least in part from the second guidance information. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the method is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the at least one of first and second guidance information includes haptic feedback presented via haptic actuators located in at least one of (i) the computing device and (ii) a vehicle associated with the first or second modality. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the haptic feedback is generated to provide navigation directions along at least one of the first segment and the second segment. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the first and second modalities is a vehicle selected from the group consisting of bicycles and scooter, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that at least one of (i) the vehicle was removed from a dock station, (ii) a lock associated with the vehicle was unlocked, (iii) the vehicle was deposited at a dock station, and (iv) the lock associated with the vehicle was locked. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the second modality is transportation by a vehicle selected from the group consisting of buses, trains, and ferries, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that payment was processed from a payment system associated with the vehicle. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the first modality is transportation by automobile, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication from a computing device associated with an operator of the automobile that the first segment is complete. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the method is implemented at least in part by a computing device and wherein the trigger event is determined at least in part based on information detected by one or more sensors of the computing device. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the trigger event includes one or more of (i) detecting that the computing device has entered or exited a geofence, (ii) detecting a change in cellular connectivity for the computing device, (iii) detecting a telematics pattern indicative of the second modality, (iv) detecting a change in altitude with a pressure sensor of the computing device. 19. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
receive a transportation route including at least a first segment associated with a first modality and a second segment associated with a second modality; display a first interface associated with the first modality; detect a trigger event associated with the first segment; and display a second interface associated with the second modality. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein at least one of the first and second modalities is a vehicle selected from the group consisting of bicycles and scooter, and
wherein the trigger event includes receiving an indication that at least one of (i) the vehicle was removed from a dock station, (ii) a lock associated with the vehicle was unlocked, (iii) the vehicle was deposited at a dock station, and (iv) the lock associated with the vehicle was locked. | 3,600 |
346,683 | 16,805,118 | 3,656 | Techniques for compensating for errors in position of a vehicle are discussed herein. In some cases, a discrepancy may exist between a measured state of the vehicle and a desired state as determined by a system of the vehicle. Techniques and methods for a planning architecture of an autonomous vehicle that is able to provide maintain a smooth trajectory as the vehicle follows a planned path or route. In some cases, a planning architecture of the autonomous vehicle may compensate for differences between an estimated state and a planned path without the use of a separate system. In this example process, the planning architecture may include a mission planning system, a decision system, and a tracking system that together output a trajectory for a drive system. | 1. An autonomous vehicle comprising:
one or more position sensors; one or more processors; and one or more non-transitory computer readable media storing instructions executable by the one or more processors, wherein the instruction, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
receiving an estimated position associated with the autonomous vehicle;
determining a projected position of the autonomous vehicle by determining a relative position of the estimated position associated with the autonomous vehicle with respect to a previously planned trajectory of the vehicle within a vehicle body-centric coordinate frame;
determining, based at least in part on a Euclidian coordinate frame, a new planned trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the projected position and a planned path associated with the autonomous vehicle, the planned path comprising a route for the autonomous vehicle between a first location and a second location;
determining, based at least in part on the Euclidian coordinate frame, a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the estimated position associated with the autonomous vehicle and the new planned trajectory; and
controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 2. The autonomous vehicle of claim 1, wherein the correction trajectory is further based at least in part on a location of an object proximate to the autonomous vehicle. 3. The autonomous vehicle of claim 1, further comprising transforming the projected position from the vehicle body-centric coordinate frame to the Euclidian coordinate frame prior to determining the new planned trajectory. 4. The autonomous vehicle of claim 1, wherein controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle comprises causing the autonomous vehicle to traverse the correction trajectory. 5. A method comprising:
determining a projected state of an autonomous vehicle by projecting, within a first coordinate frame, a measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle onto a first planned trajectory of the autonomous vehicle; determining, based at least in part on a second coordinate frame, a second planned trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the projected state and a planned path associated with the autonomous vehicle; and controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the second planned trajectory. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the measured state comprises at least one of a measured position, a measured orientation, a measured acceleration, or a measured velocity associated with the autonomous vehicle. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the first coordinate frame is a vehicle body-centric coordinate frame and the second coordinate frame is an Euclidian coordinate frame. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the second planned trajectory is further based at least in part on a state of an object detected by the autonomous vehicle. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the projected state comprises determining a shortest distance between the first planned trajectory and the measured state. 10. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
determining, based at least in part on the second coordinate frame, a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle and the second planned trajectory; and wherein controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle is based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the correction trajectory is further based at least in part on a state of an object detected by the autonomous vehicle. 12. The method of claim 5, wherein the second planned trajectory, when executed by the autonomous vehicle, causes the autonomous vehicle to return to the planned path. 13. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
determining a projected state of an autonomous vehicle by projecting, based at least in part on a first coordinate frame, a measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle onto a first planned trajectory of the vehicle; determining, based at least in part on a second coordinate frame, a second planned trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the projected state and a planned path associated with the autonomous vehicle, the planned path comprising a route for the autonomous vehicle between a first location and a second location; and determining, with the second coordinate frame, a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle and the second planned trajectory. 14. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein determining the projected state comprises determining a shortest distance between the first planned trajectory and the measured state. 15. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein the first coordinate frame is a relative to the body of the vehicle. 16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein the second coordinate frame is a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate frame. 17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, further comprising controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 18. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 17, further comprising:
determining a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle and the second planned trajectory; and wherein controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle is based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 19. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 18, wherein the correction trajectory is determined based at least in part on the second coordinate frame. 20. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 18, wherein the correction trajectory, when executed by the autonomous vehicle, causes the autonomous vehicle to return to the second planned trajectory. | Techniques for compensating for errors in position of a vehicle are discussed herein. In some cases, a discrepancy may exist between a measured state of the vehicle and a desired state as determined by a system of the vehicle. Techniques and methods for a planning architecture of an autonomous vehicle that is able to provide maintain a smooth trajectory as the vehicle follows a planned path or route. In some cases, a planning architecture of the autonomous vehicle may compensate for differences between an estimated state and a planned path without the use of a separate system. In this example process, the planning architecture may include a mission planning system, a decision system, and a tracking system that together output a trajectory for a drive system.1. An autonomous vehicle comprising:
one or more position sensors; one or more processors; and one or more non-transitory computer readable media storing instructions executable by the one or more processors, wherein the instruction, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
receiving an estimated position associated with the autonomous vehicle;
determining a projected position of the autonomous vehicle by determining a relative position of the estimated position associated with the autonomous vehicle with respect to a previously planned trajectory of the vehicle within a vehicle body-centric coordinate frame;
determining, based at least in part on a Euclidian coordinate frame, a new planned trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the projected position and a planned path associated with the autonomous vehicle, the planned path comprising a route for the autonomous vehicle between a first location and a second location;
determining, based at least in part on the Euclidian coordinate frame, a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the estimated position associated with the autonomous vehicle and the new planned trajectory; and
controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 2. The autonomous vehicle of claim 1, wherein the correction trajectory is further based at least in part on a location of an object proximate to the autonomous vehicle. 3. The autonomous vehicle of claim 1, further comprising transforming the projected position from the vehicle body-centric coordinate frame to the Euclidian coordinate frame prior to determining the new planned trajectory. 4. The autonomous vehicle of claim 1, wherein controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle comprises causing the autonomous vehicle to traverse the correction trajectory. 5. A method comprising:
determining a projected state of an autonomous vehicle by projecting, within a first coordinate frame, a measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle onto a first planned trajectory of the autonomous vehicle; determining, based at least in part on a second coordinate frame, a second planned trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the projected state and a planned path associated with the autonomous vehicle; and controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the second planned trajectory. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the measured state comprises at least one of a measured position, a measured orientation, a measured acceleration, or a measured velocity associated with the autonomous vehicle. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the first coordinate frame is a vehicle body-centric coordinate frame and the second coordinate frame is an Euclidian coordinate frame. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the second planned trajectory is further based at least in part on a state of an object detected by the autonomous vehicle. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the projected state comprises determining a shortest distance between the first planned trajectory and the measured state. 10. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
determining, based at least in part on the second coordinate frame, a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle and the second planned trajectory; and wherein controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle is based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the correction trajectory is further based at least in part on a state of an object detected by the autonomous vehicle. 12. The method of claim 5, wherein the second planned trajectory, when executed by the autonomous vehicle, causes the autonomous vehicle to return to the planned path. 13. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
determining a projected state of an autonomous vehicle by projecting, based at least in part on a first coordinate frame, a measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle onto a first planned trajectory of the vehicle; determining, based at least in part on a second coordinate frame, a second planned trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the projected state and a planned path associated with the autonomous vehicle, the planned path comprising a route for the autonomous vehicle between a first location and a second location; and determining, with the second coordinate frame, a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle and the second planned trajectory. 14. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein determining the projected state comprises determining a shortest distance between the first planned trajectory and the measured state. 15. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein the first coordinate frame is a relative to the body of the vehicle. 16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, wherein the second coordinate frame is a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate frame. 17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 13, further comprising controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 18. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 17, further comprising:
determining a correction trajectory associated with the autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the measured state associated with the autonomous vehicle and the second planned trajectory; and wherein controlling operations of the autonomous vehicle is based at least in part on the correction trajectory. 19. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 18, wherein the correction trajectory is determined based at least in part on the second coordinate frame. 20. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 18, wherein the correction trajectory, when executed by the autonomous vehicle, causes the autonomous vehicle to return to the second planned trajectory. | 3,600 |
346,684 | 16,804,966 | 3,656 | Oral pharmaceutical compositions of sodium oxybate having improved pharmacokinetic properties when administered less than two hours after eating are provided, and therapeutic uses thereof. | 1. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration less than two hours after eating. 2. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is suitable for administrating with food, immediately after eating, up to 30 minutes after eating, up to 1 hour after eating, up to 1.5 hours after eating, or up to 2 hours after eating. 3. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is administered once daily. 4. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is suitable for administration in the evening. 5. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is suitable for administration in the morning. 6. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises gamma-hydroxybutyrate in an extended release or delayed release formulation. 7. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a modified release formulation. 8. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a substantially similar fed state PK profile and 2 hour post meal administration PK profile. 9. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating. 10. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered while fasting. 11. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 10, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 80%-95% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered while fasting. 12. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 11, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 85%-90% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered while fasting. 13. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating. 14. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered while fasting. 15. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 14, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 55%-80% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered while fasting. 16. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 15, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 60%-75% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered while fasting. 17. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is dose proportional. 18. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides no dose dumping. 19. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein there is no significant reduction in safety or efficacy to a patient following administration. 20. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides an AUCinf bioequivalent to an AUCinf of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 21. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 22. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 23. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is 10-60% less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 24. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is 10-60% less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 25. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a change in Cmax between when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating and when the composition is administered less than two hours after eating that is 10-60% less than the change in Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 26. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a change in Cmax between when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating and when the composition is administered less than two hours after eating that is 10-60% less than the change in Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 27. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides an AUC that is more dose proportional than the AUC of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 28. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides an AUC that is more dose proportional than the AUC of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 29. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 20, wherein the equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses is Xyrem®. 30. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose, wherein the absorption of the gamma-hydroxybutyrate in the gastro-intestinal tract is not substantially changed by the presence of food. 31. An oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration less than two hours after eating. 32. A method of treating narcolepsy and associated disorders and symptoms in a patient in need thereof comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate less than two hours after eating. 33. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration once daily, wherein the composition is dose proportional. 34. A method of treating narcolepsy and associated disorders and symptoms in a patient in need thereof comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate once daily, wherein the composition is dose proportional. 35. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration once daily, wherein most adverse events (AEs) occur close to Tmax, during the Cmax period. 36. A method of treating narcolepsy and associated disorders and symptoms in a patient in need thereof comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate once daily, wherein most AEs occur close to Tmax, during the Cmax period. 37. A method of reducing the amount of adverse events (AEs) in a patient with narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate once daily, wherein the gamma-hydroxybutyrate composition has fewer Cmax periods than an equal dose of immediate release sodium oxybate formulation administered more frequently than once-daily. | Oral pharmaceutical compositions of sodium oxybate having improved pharmacokinetic properties when administered less than two hours after eating are provided, and therapeutic uses thereof.1. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration less than two hours after eating. 2. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is suitable for administrating with food, immediately after eating, up to 30 minutes after eating, up to 1 hour after eating, up to 1.5 hours after eating, or up to 2 hours after eating. 3. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is administered once daily. 4. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is suitable for administration in the evening. 5. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is suitable for administration in the morning. 6. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises gamma-hydroxybutyrate in an extended release or delayed release formulation. 7. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a modified release formulation. 8. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a substantially similar fed state PK profile and 2 hour post meal administration PK profile. 9. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating. 10. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered while fasting. 11. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 10, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 80%-95% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered while fasting. 12. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 11, wherein the composition provides a mean AUCinf when administered less than two hour after eating that is 85%-90% of the mean AUCinf when the composition is administered while fasting. 13. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating. 14. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 50%-120% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered while fasting. 15. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 14, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 55%-80% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered while fasting. 16. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 15, wherein the composition provides a mean Cmax when administered less than two hour after eating that is 60%-75% of the mean Cmax when the composition is administered while fasting. 17. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is dose proportional. 18. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides no dose dumping. 19. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein there is no significant reduction in safety or efficacy to a patient following administration. 20. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides an AUCinf bioequivalent to an AUCinf of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 21. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 22. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 23. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is 10-60% less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 24. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a Cmax that is 10-60% less than the Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 25. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a change in Cmax between when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating and when the composition is administered less than two hours after eating that is 10-60% less than the change in Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 26. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a change in Cmax between when the composition is administered at least two hours after eating and when the composition is administered less than two hours after eating that is 10-60% less than the change in Cmax of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 27. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides an AUC that is more dose proportional than the AUC of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses at least two hours after eating. 28. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides an AUC that is more dose proportional than the AUC of an equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses less than two hours after eating. 29. The oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 20, wherein the equal dose of immediate release liquid solution of sodium oxybate administered at t0 and t4h in equally divided doses is Xyrem®. 30. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose, wherein the absorption of the gamma-hydroxybutyrate in the gastro-intestinal tract is not substantially changed by the presence of food. 31. An oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration less than two hours after eating. 32. A method of treating narcolepsy and associated disorders and symptoms in a patient in need thereof comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate less than two hours after eating. 33. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration once daily, wherein the composition is dose proportional. 34. A method of treating narcolepsy and associated disorders and symptoms in a patient in need thereof comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate once daily, wherein the composition is dose proportional. 35. An oral pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate in a unit dose suitable for administration once daily, wherein most adverse events (AEs) occur close to Tmax, during the Cmax period. 36. A method of treating narcolepsy and associated disorders and symptoms in a patient in need thereof comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate once daily, wherein most AEs occur close to Tmax, during the Cmax period. 37. A method of reducing the amount of adverse events (AEs) in a patient with narcolepsy, cataplexy, or excessive daytime sleepiness comprising:
administering an oral pharmaceutical composition comprising gamma-hydroxybutyrate once daily, wherein the gamma-hydroxybutyrate composition has fewer Cmax periods than an equal dose of immediate release sodium oxybate formulation administered more frequently than once-daily. | 3,600 |
346,685 | 16,805,123 | 3,656 | A method for operating a communication system, in which multiple communication units exchange data via a communication medium, the method including the following steps: shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple, in particular, by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. | 1. A method for operating a communication system, the method comprising:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion or all of the data exchanged via the communication medium are collected and/or evaluated in the diagnostic operating mode. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the collection and/or evaluation occurs: a) during the diagnostic operating mode; and/or b) at least in part after the diagnostic operating mode. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein after the diagnostic operating mode, the communication system is shifted into the first operating mode and/or into another operating mode different from the diagnostic operating mode. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
configuring at least one component of the communication system, in particular, at least one of the multiple communication units and/or at least one component of the communication medium for the diagnostic operating mode. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the multiple communication units: a) activates a port mirroring function and/or b) filters data for the diagnostic operating mode. 8. An apparatus for operating a communication system, comprising:
a device configured to perform the following:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and
shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. | A method for operating a communication system, in which multiple communication units exchange data via a communication medium, the method including the following steps: shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple, in particular, by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium.1. A method for operating a communication system, the method comprising:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion or all of the data exchanged via the communication medium are collected and/or evaluated in the diagnostic operating mode. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the collection and/or evaluation occurs: a) during the diagnostic operating mode; and/or b) at least in part after the diagnostic operating mode. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein after the diagnostic operating mode, the communication system is shifted into the first operating mode and/or into another operating mode different from the diagnostic operating mode. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
configuring at least one component of the communication system, in particular, at least one of the multiple communication units and/or at least one component of the communication medium for the diagnostic operating mode. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the multiple communication units: a) activates a port mirroring function and/or b) filters data for the diagnostic operating mode. 8. An apparatus for operating a communication system, comprising:
a device configured to perform the following:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and
shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. | 3,600 |
346,686 | 16,805,177 | 3,724 | A method for operating a communication system, in which multiple communication units exchange data via a communication medium, the method including the following steps: shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple, in particular, by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. | 1. A method for operating a communication system, the method comprising:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion or all of the data exchanged via the communication medium are collected and/or evaluated in the diagnostic operating mode. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the collection and/or evaluation occurs: a) during the diagnostic operating mode; and/or b) at least in part after the diagnostic operating mode. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein after the diagnostic operating mode, the communication system is shifted into the first operating mode and/or into another operating mode different from the diagnostic operating mode. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
configuring at least one component of the communication system, in particular, at least one of the multiple communication units and/or at least one component of the communication medium for the diagnostic operating mode. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the multiple communication units: a) activates a port mirroring function and/or b) filters data for the diagnostic operating mode. 8. An apparatus for operating a communication system, comprising:
a device configured to perform the following:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and
shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. | A method for operating a communication system, in which multiple communication units exchange data via a communication medium, the method including the following steps: shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple, in particular, by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium.1. A method for operating a communication system, the method comprising:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion or all of the data exchanged via the communication medium are collected and/or evaluated in the diagnostic operating mode. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the collection and/or evaluation occurs: a) during the diagnostic operating mode; and/or b) at least in part after the diagnostic operating mode. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein after the diagnostic operating mode, the communication system is shifted into the first operating mode and/or into another operating mode different from the diagnostic operating mode. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
configuring at least one component of the communication system, in particular, at least one of the multiple communication units and/or at least one component of the communication medium for the diagnostic operating mode. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the multiple communication units: a) activates a port mirroring function and/or b) filters data for the diagnostic operating mode. 8. An apparatus for operating a communication system, comprising:
a device configured to perform the following:
exchanging, among multiple communication units, data via a communication medium; and
shifting the communication system at least temporarily into a diagnostic operating mode, in which data exchanged by multiple or by all of the communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the communication system is operated at least temporarily in a first operating mode differing from the diagnostic operating mode, in which, in particular, data exchanged by not all of the multiple communication units via the communication medium are available on at least one of the multiple communication units and/or on at least one component of the communication medium. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in a motor vehicle. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one component of the communication system is diagnosed in an industrial production facility. | 3,700 |
346,687 | 16,805,167 | 3,641 | The invention describes a system for or recording the usage of a firearm and helping a user during usage of the firearm using multiple sensors to gather various information. The system includes a plurality of sensors to record various usage and status data of the firearm. The system further includes a communication module communicatively coupled to the sensors. The communication module is further connected to a processor. The system further includes a memory, a clock chip and an information disseminating device that includes a communication port. The plurality of sensors are configured to gather various information about a firearm device that may be a pistol, a revolver, a gun, etc. after being attached to the firearm device. In addition to the operational information, some of the sensors out of the plurality of sensors may gather information about surrounding environment of the firearm like lighting conditions, wind flow etc. to help a user of the firearm device to use it efficiently. | 1. A system for firearm analytics comprising:
a plurality of sensors configured to be attached to the firearm to gather operational information of the firearm and surrounding environment; a communication module, configured to transmit and receive the operational information of the firearm; a processor communicatively coupled to the communication module and the plurality of sensors to control the plurality of sensors; and an information disseminating device communicatively coupled to the processor and configured to determine and provide an analytics information to a user of the firearm based on the operational information of the firearm and the surrounding environment. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include target angle calculating sensors. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the target angle calculating sensors include a Global Positioning system (GPS), an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a gimbal. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include firing determination sensors. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the firing determination sensors include a smoke sensor. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the firing determination sensors include a sound sensor. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include infra-red (IR) sensors configured to determine ammunition within the firearm. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the ammunition is number of bullets in a cartridge of the firearm. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein the ammunition is bullets of bullets in a chamber of the firearm. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include at least one imaging sensor. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one imaging sensor is a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is a wide angle camera. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is a self-focusing camera. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine lighting conditions around the firearm. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine subjects in view of the CCD camera. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine if a target of a user was hit. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine damage to the target. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine the target's weapon and provide the information to the user through the information disseminating device. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include a bio detector to detect a user. 20. A firearm analytics device comprising:
a plurality of sensors configured to be attached to the firearm to gather an operational information of the firearm and surrounding environment; a communication module, configured to transmit and receive the operational information of the firearm; a processor communicatively coupled to the communication module and the plurality of sensors to control the plurality of sensors; and an information disseminating device communicatively coupled to the processor and configured to determine and provide an analytics information to a user of the firearm based on the operational information of the firearm and the surrounding environment. 21. (canceled) 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. (canceled) 27. (canceled) 28. (canceled) 29. (canceled) 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. (canceled) 37. (canceled) 38. (canceled) 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. (canceled) 42. (canceled) 43. (canceled) 44. (canceled) 45. (canceled) 46. (canceled) 47. (canceled) 48. (canceled) 49. (canceled) 50. (canceled) 51. (canceled) 52. (canceled) 53. (canceled) 54. (canceled) 55. (canceled) 56. (canceled) 57. (canceled) 58. (canceled) 59. (canceled) 60. (canceled) 61. (canceled) 62. (canceled) 63. (canceled) 64. (canceled) 65. (canceled) 66. (canceled) 67. (canceled) 68. (canceled) 69. (canceled) 70. (canceled) 71. (canceled) 72. (canceled) 73. (canceled) 74. (canceled) 75. (canceled) 76. (canceled) 77. (canceled) 78. (canceled) 79. (canceled) 80. (canceled) 81. (canceled) 82. (canceled) 83. (canceled) 84. (canceled) 85. (canceled) 86. (canceled) 87. (canceled) 88. (canceled) 89. (canceled) 90. (canceled) 91. (canceled) 92. (canceled) 93. (canceled) 94. (canceled) 95. (canceled) 96. (canceled) 97. (canceled) 98. (canceled) 99. (canceled) 100. (canceled) 101. (canceled) 102. (canceled) 103. (canceled) 104. (canceled) 105. (canceled) 106. (canceled) | The invention describes a system for or recording the usage of a firearm and helping a user during usage of the firearm using multiple sensors to gather various information. The system includes a plurality of sensors to record various usage and status data of the firearm. The system further includes a communication module communicatively coupled to the sensors. The communication module is further connected to a processor. The system further includes a memory, a clock chip and an information disseminating device that includes a communication port. The plurality of sensors are configured to gather various information about a firearm device that may be a pistol, a revolver, a gun, etc. after being attached to the firearm device. In addition to the operational information, some of the sensors out of the plurality of sensors may gather information about surrounding environment of the firearm like lighting conditions, wind flow etc. to help a user of the firearm device to use it efficiently.1. A system for firearm analytics comprising:
a plurality of sensors configured to be attached to the firearm to gather operational information of the firearm and surrounding environment; a communication module, configured to transmit and receive the operational information of the firearm; a processor communicatively coupled to the communication module and the plurality of sensors to control the plurality of sensors; and an information disseminating device communicatively coupled to the processor and configured to determine and provide an analytics information to a user of the firearm based on the operational information of the firearm and the surrounding environment. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include target angle calculating sensors. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the target angle calculating sensors include a Global Positioning system (GPS), an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a gimbal. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include firing determination sensors. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the firing determination sensors include a smoke sensor. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the firing determination sensors include a sound sensor. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include infra-red (IR) sensors configured to determine ammunition within the firearm. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the ammunition is number of bullets in a cartridge of the firearm. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein the ammunition is bullets of bullets in a chamber of the firearm. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include at least one imaging sensor. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one imaging sensor is a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is a wide angle camera. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is a self-focusing camera. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine lighting conditions around the firearm. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine subjects in view of the CCD camera. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine if a target of a user was hit. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine damage to the target. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the CCD camera is configured to determine the target's weapon and provide the information to the user through the information disseminating device. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors include a bio detector to detect a user. 20. A firearm analytics device comprising:
a plurality of sensors configured to be attached to the firearm to gather an operational information of the firearm and surrounding environment; a communication module, configured to transmit and receive the operational information of the firearm; a processor communicatively coupled to the communication module and the plurality of sensors to control the plurality of sensors; and an information disseminating device communicatively coupled to the processor and configured to determine and provide an analytics information to a user of the firearm based on the operational information of the firearm and the surrounding environment. 21. (canceled) 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. (canceled) 27. (canceled) 28. (canceled) 29. (canceled) 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. (canceled) 37. (canceled) 38. (canceled) 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. (canceled) 42. (canceled) 43. (canceled) 44. (canceled) 45. (canceled) 46. (canceled) 47. (canceled) 48. (canceled) 49. (canceled) 50. (canceled) 51. (canceled) 52. (canceled) 53. (canceled) 54. (canceled) 55. (canceled) 56. (canceled) 57. (canceled) 58. (canceled) 59. (canceled) 60. (canceled) 61. (canceled) 62. (canceled) 63. (canceled) 64. (canceled) 65. (canceled) 66. (canceled) 67. (canceled) 68. (canceled) 69. (canceled) 70. (canceled) 71. (canceled) 72. (canceled) 73. (canceled) 74. (canceled) 75. (canceled) 76. (canceled) 77. (canceled) 78. (canceled) 79. (canceled) 80. (canceled) 81. (canceled) 82. (canceled) 83. (canceled) 84. (canceled) 85. (canceled) 86. (canceled) 87. (canceled) 88. (canceled) 89. (canceled) 90. (canceled) 91. (canceled) 92. (canceled) 93. (canceled) 94. (canceled) 95. (canceled) 96. (canceled) 97. (canceled) 98. (canceled) 99. (canceled) 100. (canceled) 101. (canceled) 102. (canceled) 103. (canceled) 104. (canceled) 105. (canceled) 106. (canceled) | 3,600 |
346,688 | 16,805,131 | 3,641 | Systems and methods can be used for analyzing image data to determine an amount of vibration and/or misalignment in an object under analysis. In some instances, as operating equipment heats up during operation, temperature changes of various portions of the operating equipment leads to changes in dimensions of such portions, leading to misalignment. Multiple sets of data representative of the operating equipment in multiple operating conditions can be used to determine an amount of misalignment due to thermal offsets. Hot and cold temperatures of the equipment can be used to calculate thermal growth of various portions of the equipment, which can be used to determine an amount a misalignment due to thermal offsets. Additionally or alternatively, image data representing the equipment can be used to observe changes in alignment between states. | 1. A system for analyzing the alignment of equipment under test comprising:
an imaging tool comprising an infrared (IR) camera module and configured to generate IR image data representative of a target scene; an alignment tool configured to facilitate alignment of the equipment under test; and a processing system comprising one or more processors in communication with the imaging tool and the alignment tool, the processing system being configured to: (i) receive a plurality of sets of IR image data, each set of IR image data representative of an IR image of the equipment under test in a different state, (ii) determine an amount of misalignment in the equipment under test based on the received plurality of sets of IR image data; and (iii) communicate the determined amount of misalignment to the alignment tool. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein receiving a plurality of sets of IR image data comprises receiving a first set of IR image data when the equipment is in a cold state and receiving a second set of IR image data when the equipment is in a hot state. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein determining the amount of misalignment in the equipment under test comprises:
determining a change in temperature of one or more components of the equipment between the cold state and the hot state; determining, from the determined change in temperature, the thermal expansion of the one or more components of the equipment; and determining, from the determined thermal expansion of the one or more components, the amount of misalignment in the equipment under test. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the equipment under test comprises a first object coupled to a first coupling and a second object coupled to a second coupling, the first and second couplings being configure to interface with one another to couple the first object to the second object, and wherein the misalignment in the equipment under test comprises a misalignment between the first coupling and the second coupling. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein:
the first object and the second object each comprise one or more sets of feet supporting the equipment under test; determining the change in temperature of one or more components of the equipment comprises determining the change in temperature of the feet supporting the first and second objects; determining the thermal expansion of the one or more components of the equipment comprises determining the thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects; and the determined amount of misalignment in the equipment under test based on the received plurality of sets of IR image data is based on the determined thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein determining the thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects comprises:
receiving feet parameters representative of one or more properties of the feet supporting the first and second objects, wherein the feet parameters include one or both of an initial length of the feet and a thermal expansion coefficient of the feet. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein determining the amount of misalignment based on the determined thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects comprises receiving one or more system dimension parameters representative of one or more physical dimensions in the equipment, and wherein the one or more system dimension parameters are used to determine the amount of misalignment in the equipment. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the feet parameters and the system dimension parameters are received via a user input. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the feet parameters and the system dimension parameters are received from a database of parameters. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein determining the amount of misalignment in the equipment under test the processing system comprises determining one or more alignment calibration parameters. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the alignment calibration parameters comprise a vertical offset parameter and a vertical angularity parameter. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein communicating the determined amount of misalignment to the alignment tool comprises communicating the one or more alignment calibration parameters to the alignment tool. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the processing system includes at least one processor positioned in the alignment tool; and the alignment tools is configured to determine the one or more alignment calibration parameters based on the determined amount of misalignment communicated to the imaging tool. 14. A method for measuring and/or correcting misalignment between a first object and a second object due to thermal expansion comprising, the objects each being supported by one or more feet, the method comprising:
determining a cold temperature of each of the feet representing the temperature of each of the feet when the objects are not operating; operating the objects so that the objects reach a hot state; determining a hot temperature of each of the feet representing the temperature of each of the feet when the objects are operating; receiving one or more feet parameters for each of the feet; calculating thermal growth of each of the feet based on the determined hot temperature of each of the feet, the cold temperature of each of the feet, and the received feet parameters; and determining one or more misalignment values representative of the misalignment between the first and second objects based on the calculated thermal growth of each of the feet. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more feet parameters comprises, for each of the feet, the cold length and a thermal expansion coefficient. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising receiving one or more system dimension parameters representative of one or more physical dimensions of the first and/or second object, and wherein determining one or more misalignment values representative of the misalignment between the first and second objects is further based on the received one or more system dimension parameters. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the feet parameters and/or the system dimension parameters are received from a remote server. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein determining the cold temperature of each of the feet and/or determining a hot temperature of each of the feet comprises determining the temperature from infrared (IR) image data representative of the first and second objects. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein determining one or more misalignment values comprises determining one or more alignment calibration parameters; and further comprising:
inputting the determined one or more alignment calibration parameters to an alignment tool to calibrate the alignment tool operation based on the calculated thermal growth of the feet of the first object and the second object. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
capturing image data representative of the first and second objects while the objects are operating; determining an amount of image distortion in the captured image data due to misalignment between the first and second objects; and determining one or more further misalignment values based on the determined amount of image distortion in the captured image data. | Systems and methods can be used for analyzing image data to determine an amount of vibration and/or misalignment in an object under analysis. In some instances, as operating equipment heats up during operation, temperature changes of various portions of the operating equipment leads to changes in dimensions of such portions, leading to misalignment. Multiple sets of data representative of the operating equipment in multiple operating conditions can be used to determine an amount of misalignment due to thermal offsets. Hot and cold temperatures of the equipment can be used to calculate thermal growth of various portions of the equipment, which can be used to determine an amount a misalignment due to thermal offsets. Additionally or alternatively, image data representing the equipment can be used to observe changes in alignment between states.1. A system for analyzing the alignment of equipment under test comprising:
an imaging tool comprising an infrared (IR) camera module and configured to generate IR image data representative of a target scene; an alignment tool configured to facilitate alignment of the equipment under test; and a processing system comprising one or more processors in communication with the imaging tool and the alignment tool, the processing system being configured to: (i) receive a plurality of sets of IR image data, each set of IR image data representative of an IR image of the equipment under test in a different state, (ii) determine an amount of misalignment in the equipment under test based on the received plurality of sets of IR image data; and (iii) communicate the determined amount of misalignment to the alignment tool. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein receiving a plurality of sets of IR image data comprises receiving a first set of IR image data when the equipment is in a cold state and receiving a second set of IR image data when the equipment is in a hot state. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein determining the amount of misalignment in the equipment under test comprises:
determining a change in temperature of one or more components of the equipment between the cold state and the hot state; determining, from the determined change in temperature, the thermal expansion of the one or more components of the equipment; and determining, from the determined thermal expansion of the one or more components, the amount of misalignment in the equipment under test. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the equipment under test comprises a first object coupled to a first coupling and a second object coupled to a second coupling, the first and second couplings being configure to interface with one another to couple the first object to the second object, and wherein the misalignment in the equipment under test comprises a misalignment between the first coupling and the second coupling. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein:
the first object and the second object each comprise one or more sets of feet supporting the equipment under test; determining the change in temperature of one or more components of the equipment comprises determining the change in temperature of the feet supporting the first and second objects; determining the thermal expansion of the one or more components of the equipment comprises determining the thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects; and the determined amount of misalignment in the equipment under test based on the received plurality of sets of IR image data is based on the determined thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein determining the thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects comprises:
receiving feet parameters representative of one or more properties of the feet supporting the first and second objects, wherein the feet parameters include one or both of an initial length of the feet and a thermal expansion coefficient of the feet. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein determining the amount of misalignment based on the determined thermal expansion of the feet supporting the first and second objects comprises receiving one or more system dimension parameters representative of one or more physical dimensions in the equipment, and wherein the one or more system dimension parameters are used to determine the amount of misalignment in the equipment. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the feet parameters and the system dimension parameters are received via a user input. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the feet parameters and the system dimension parameters are received from a database of parameters. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein determining the amount of misalignment in the equipment under test the processing system comprises determining one or more alignment calibration parameters. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the alignment calibration parameters comprise a vertical offset parameter and a vertical angularity parameter. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein communicating the determined amount of misalignment to the alignment tool comprises communicating the one or more alignment calibration parameters to the alignment tool. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the processing system includes at least one processor positioned in the alignment tool; and the alignment tools is configured to determine the one or more alignment calibration parameters based on the determined amount of misalignment communicated to the imaging tool. 14. A method for measuring and/or correcting misalignment between a first object and a second object due to thermal expansion comprising, the objects each being supported by one or more feet, the method comprising:
determining a cold temperature of each of the feet representing the temperature of each of the feet when the objects are not operating; operating the objects so that the objects reach a hot state; determining a hot temperature of each of the feet representing the temperature of each of the feet when the objects are operating; receiving one or more feet parameters for each of the feet; calculating thermal growth of each of the feet based on the determined hot temperature of each of the feet, the cold temperature of each of the feet, and the received feet parameters; and determining one or more misalignment values representative of the misalignment between the first and second objects based on the calculated thermal growth of each of the feet. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more feet parameters comprises, for each of the feet, the cold length and a thermal expansion coefficient. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising receiving one or more system dimension parameters representative of one or more physical dimensions of the first and/or second object, and wherein determining one or more misalignment values representative of the misalignment between the first and second objects is further based on the received one or more system dimension parameters. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the feet parameters and/or the system dimension parameters are received from a remote server. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein determining the cold temperature of each of the feet and/or determining a hot temperature of each of the feet comprises determining the temperature from infrared (IR) image data representative of the first and second objects. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein determining one or more misalignment values comprises determining one or more alignment calibration parameters; and further comprising:
inputting the determined one or more alignment calibration parameters to an alignment tool to calibrate the alignment tool operation based on the calculated thermal growth of the feet of the first object and the second object. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
capturing image data representative of the first and second objects while the objects are operating; determining an amount of image distortion in the captured image data due to misalignment between the first and second objects; and determining one or more further misalignment values based on the determined amount of image distortion in the captured image data. | 3,600 |
346,689 | 16,805,165 | 3,641 | Oil-absorbent skimmers of the present invention include an upper oil-absorbent flotation head that floats on water and several absorbent strands attached to the underside of the flotation head. The flotation head has a liquid-permeable cover with absorbent strips inside. The absorbent strips and strands are made of oil-absorbing materials that resist absorption of water. The passive oil-absorbent skimmers may be free-floating and may be used in stormwater catch basins, water holding tanks, vaults, sumps, bilges and the like for capturing hydrocarbons such as oil and oil-based liquids. | 1. An oil-absorbent flotation skimmer comprising:
an absorbent flotation head structured and arranged to float on water when the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer is deployed into the water, the absorbent flotation head comprising a liquid permeable cover, and oil-absorbent strips within the liquid permeable cover; and multiple oil-absorbent strands attached to the absorbent flotation head structured and arranged to spread out from the absorbent flotation head into the water when the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer is deployed into the water. 2. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are provided in the form of a strand bundle that is attached to an underside of the absorbent flotation head. 3. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 2, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are secured together at a midpoint of the strand bundle. 4. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein each of the oil-absorbent strands has a length measured from a first end to a second end of the oil-absorbent strand of from 24 to 60 inches. 5. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 4, wherein when the oil-absorbent strands are spread out from the absorbent flotation head into the water, the oil-absorbent strands have a spread width of from 24 to 60 inches and a spread depth of at least 6 inches. 6. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 5, wherein the spread depth is from 12 to 30 inches. 7. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, comprising at least 100 of the oil-absorbent strands. 8. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, comprising from 400 to 750 of the oil-absorbent strands. 9. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands have a total linear length of at least 600 feet. 10. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands have a total linear length of from 800 to 3,800 feet. 11. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands have cross-sectional widths of from 0.08 to 1.1 inch, and cross-sectional thicknesses of from 0.002 to 0.6 inch. 12. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are made of a hydrophobic material. 13. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands comprise polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, acrylic, rubber or a combination thereof. 14. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are fibrillated. 15. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the absorbent flotation head has a height of from 0.75 to 12 inches, and a waterline of the water is located within the height of the absorbent flotation head when the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer is deployed in the water. 16. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strips have cross-sectional lengths of from 0.2 to 1 inch, cross-sectional widths of from 0.1 to 0.3 inch, are provided in segments having lengths of from 2 to 100 inches, and a total overall length of the segments of the oil-absorbent strips is at least 50 feet. 17. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 16, wherein the total overall length of the segments of the oil-absorbent strips is from 100 to 400 feet. 18. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strips are made of a hydrophobic material and have a density of less than 1 g/cc. 19. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strips comprise polyester, polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, rubber or a combination thereof. 20. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the liquid permeable cover comprises polypropylene mesh. 21. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer has a weight of from 1 to 4 pounds, and an oil retention capacity of at least 0.5 gallon. 22. A method of removing oil from water contained in a water-containing structure, the method comprising:
deploying the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1 into the water-containing structure; allowing the deployed oil-absorbent flotation skimmer to freely float on a surface of the water to capture oil contained in the water; and recovering the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer and captured oil from the water-containing structure. | Oil-absorbent skimmers of the present invention include an upper oil-absorbent flotation head that floats on water and several absorbent strands attached to the underside of the flotation head. The flotation head has a liquid-permeable cover with absorbent strips inside. The absorbent strips and strands are made of oil-absorbing materials that resist absorption of water. The passive oil-absorbent skimmers may be free-floating and may be used in stormwater catch basins, water holding tanks, vaults, sumps, bilges and the like for capturing hydrocarbons such as oil and oil-based liquids.1. An oil-absorbent flotation skimmer comprising:
an absorbent flotation head structured and arranged to float on water when the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer is deployed into the water, the absorbent flotation head comprising a liquid permeable cover, and oil-absorbent strips within the liquid permeable cover; and multiple oil-absorbent strands attached to the absorbent flotation head structured and arranged to spread out from the absorbent flotation head into the water when the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer is deployed into the water. 2. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are provided in the form of a strand bundle that is attached to an underside of the absorbent flotation head. 3. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 2, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are secured together at a midpoint of the strand bundle. 4. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein each of the oil-absorbent strands has a length measured from a first end to a second end of the oil-absorbent strand of from 24 to 60 inches. 5. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 4, wherein when the oil-absorbent strands are spread out from the absorbent flotation head into the water, the oil-absorbent strands have a spread width of from 24 to 60 inches and a spread depth of at least 6 inches. 6. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 5, wherein the spread depth is from 12 to 30 inches. 7. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, comprising at least 100 of the oil-absorbent strands. 8. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, comprising from 400 to 750 of the oil-absorbent strands. 9. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands have a total linear length of at least 600 feet. 10. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands have a total linear length of from 800 to 3,800 feet. 11. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands have cross-sectional widths of from 0.08 to 1.1 inch, and cross-sectional thicknesses of from 0.002 to 0.6 inch. 12. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are made of a hydrophobic material. 13. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands comprise polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, acrylic, rubber or a combination thereof. 14. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strands are fibrillated. 15. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the absorbent flotation head has a height of from 0.75 to 12 inches, and a waterline of the water is located within the height of the absorbent flotation head when the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer is deployed in the water. 16. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strips have cross-sectional lengths of from 0.2 to 1 inch, cross-sectional widths of from 0.1 to 0.3 inch, are provided in segments having lengths of from 2 to 100 inches, and a total overall length of the segments of the oil-absorbent strips is at least 50 feet. 17. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 16, wherein the total overall length of the segments of the oil-absorbent strips is from 100 to 400 feet. 18. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strips are made of a hydrophobic material and have a density of less than 1 g/cc. 19. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent strips comprise polyester, polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, rubber or a combination thereof. 20. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the liquid permeable cover comprises polypropylene mesh. 21. The oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer has a weight of from 1 to 4 pounds, and an oil retention capacity of at least 0.5 gallon. 22. A method of removing oil from water contained in a water-containing structure, the method comprising:
deploying the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer of claim 1 into the water-containing structure; allowing the deployed oil-absorbent flotation skimmer to freely float on a surface of the water to capture oil contained in the water; and recovering the oil-absorbent flotation skimmer and captured oil from the water-containing structure. | 3,600 |
346,690 | 16,805,158 | 3,641 | The invention provides antibodies, antibody drug conjugates, antibody-based fragments or antibody fragments (antigen-binding fragments), as well as antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), that specifically recognize human ROR1 and related compositions. Also provided in the invention are methods of using such antibodies in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. | 1.-23. (canceled) 24. An antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment that specifically binds to the extracellular domain of human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), comprising a heavy chain variable region sequence and a light chain variable region, the heavy chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:133 and the light chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:139. 25. A polynucleotide encoding the antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment of claim 24. 26. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (1) a therapeutically effective amount of the antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment of claim 24 and (2) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 27. A method of treating a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in a subject, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of claim 26 to a subject having a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1, thereby treating the disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in the subject. 28. An antibody drug conjugate (ADC), comprising
(i) an antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment that specifically binds to the extracellular domain of human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), comprising a heavy chain variable region sequence and a light chain variable region sequence, the heavy chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:133 and the light chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:139. and (ii) at least one cytotoxic agent. 29. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 28, wherein the cytotoxic agent is a small molecular weight toxin, a peptide toxin, or a protein toxin. 30. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 28, wherein the antibody or antibody fragment is conjugated to the cytotoxic agent via sortase enzyme mediated antibody conjugation (SMAC). 31. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 28, wherein the cytotoxic agent is anthracycline (PNU) toxin derivative Gly(n)-EDA-PNU, where n is any number from 1 to 21. 32. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (1) antibody drug conjugate of claim 28 and (2) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 33. A method of treating a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in a subject, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of claim 32 to a subject having a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1, thereby treating the disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in the subject. | The invention provides antibodies, antibody drug conjugates, antibody-based fragments or antibody fragments (antigen-binding fragments), as well as antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), that specifically recognize human ROR1 and related compositions. Also provided in the invention are methods of using such antibodies in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications.1.-23. (canceled) 24. An antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment that specifically binds to the extracellular domain of human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), comprising a heavy chain variable region sequence and a light chain variable region, the heavy chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:133 and the light chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:139. 25. A polynucleotide encoding the antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment of claim 24. 26. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (1) a therapeutically effective amount of the antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment of claim 24 and (2) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 27. A method of treating a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in a subject, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of claim 26 to a subject having a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1, thereby treating the disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in the subject. 28. An antibody drug conjugate (ADC), comprising
(i) an antibody, antibody-based binding protein or antibody fragment that specifically binds to the extracellular domain of human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), comprising a heavy chain variable region sequence and a light chain variable region sequence, the heavy chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:133 and the light chain variable region sequence having at least 90% homology to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:139. and (ii) at least one cytotoxic agent. 29. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 28, wherein the cytotoxic agent is a small molecular weight toxin, a peptide toxin, or a protein toxin. 30. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 28, wherein the antibody or antibody fragment is conjugated to the cytotoxic agent via sortase enzyme mediated antibody conjugation (SMAC). 31. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 28, wherein the cytotoxic agent is anthracycline (PNU) toxin derivative Gly(n)-EDA-PNU, where n is any number from 1 to 21. 32. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (1) antibody drug conjugate of claim 28 and (2) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 33. A method of treating a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in a subject, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of claim 32 to a subject having a disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1, thereby treating the disease or condition associated with elevated expression of ROR1 in the subject. | 3,600 |
346,691 | 16,805,149 | 3,641 | A method for generating a backup schedule, that includes receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container, determining that the event entry specifies an alert event, adding the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository, determining that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container, determining that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule, and generating a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. | 1. A method for generating a backup schedule, comprising:
receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container; making a first determination that the event entry specifies an alert event; adding, based on the first determination, the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository; making a second determination that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container; making a third determination, based on the second determination, that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule; and generating, based on the third determination, a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein making the first determination that the event entry specifies the alert event comprises:
matching at least a portion of the event entry to alert event data associated with the alert event. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the event entry indicates a container error at a first time, wherein the plurality of historical event entries comprises a second historical event entry that indicates a second container error at a second time. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the error frequency is based on the first time and the second time. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the recommended backup frequency is greater than the error frequency. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
issuing the backup schedule warning to a user interface. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
update the container backup schedule from the existing backup frequency to the recommended backup frequency. 8. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer processor, enables the computer processor to perform a method for generating a backup schedule, comprising:
receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container; making a first determination that the event entry specifies an alert event; adding, based on the first determination, the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository; making a second determination that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container; making a third determination, based on the second determination, that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule; and generating, based on the third determination, a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. 9. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein making the first determination that the event entry specifies the alert event comprises:
matching at least a portion of the event entry to alert event data associated with the alert event. 10. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the event entry indicates a container error at a first time, wherein the plurality of historical event entries comprises a second historical event entry that indicates a second container error at a second time. 11. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10, wherein the error frequency is based on the first time and the second time. 12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the recommended backup frequency is greater than the error frequency. 13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
issuing the backup schedule warning to a user interface. 14. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
update the container backup schedule from the existing backup frequency to the recommended backup frequency. 15. A backup manager, comprising:
memory; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to perform a method, comprising:
receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container;
making a first determination that the event entry specifies an alert event;
adding, based on the first determination, the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository;
making a second determination that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container;
making a third determination, based on the second determination, that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule; and
generating, based on the third determination, a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. 16. The backup manager of claim 15, wherein making the first determination that the event entry specifies the alert event comprises:
matching at least a portion of the event entry to alert event data associated with the alert event. 17. The backup manager of claim 15, wherein the event entry indicates a container error at a first time, wherein the plurality of historical event entries comprises a second historical event entry that indicates a second container error at a second time. 18. The backup manager of claim 17, wherein the error frequency is based on the first time and the second time. 19. The backup manager of claim 18, wherein the recommended backup frequency is greater than the error frequency. 20. The backup manager of claim 15, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
issuing the backup schedule warning to a user interface. | A method for generating a backup schedule, that includes receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container, determining that the event entry specifies an alert event, adding the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository, determining that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container, determining that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule, and generating a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency.1. A method for generating a backup schedule, comprising:
receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container; making a first determination that the event entry specifies an alert event; adding, based on the first determination, the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository; making a second determination that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container; making a third determination, based on the second determination, that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule; and generating, based on the third determination, a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein making the first determination that the event entry specifies the alert event comprises:
matching at least a portion of the event entry to alert event data associated with the alert event. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the event entry indicates a container error at a first time, wherein the plurality of historical event entries comprises a second historical event entry that indicates a second container error at a second time. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the error frequency is based on the first time and the second time. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the recommended backup frequency is greater than the error frequency. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
issuing the backup schedule warning to a user interface. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
update the container backup schedule from the existing backup frequency to the recommended backup frequency. 8. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer processor, enables the computer processor to perform a method for generating a backup schedule, comprising:
receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container; making a first determination that the event entry specifies an alert event; adding, based on the first determination, the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository; making a second determination that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container; making a third determination, based on the second determination, that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule; and generating, based on the third determination, a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. 9. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein making the first determination that the event entry specifies the alert event comprises:
matching at least a portion of the event entry to alert event data associated with the alert event. 10. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the event entry indicates a container error at a first time, wherein the plurality of historical event entries comprises a second historical event entry that indicates a second container error at a second time. 11. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10, wherein the error frequency is based on the first time and the second time. 12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the recommended backup frequency is greater than the error frequency. 13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
issuing the backup schedule warning to a user interface. 14. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
update the container backup schedule from the existing backup frequency to the recommended backup frequency. 15. A backup manager, comprising:
memory; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to perform a method, comprising:
receiving, by a scheduling agent, an event entry specifying an event associated with a container;
making a first determination that the event entry specifies an alert event;
adding, based on the first determination, the event entry to a plurality of historical event entries in a historical event repository;
making a second determination that the plurality of historical event entries indicates a repeating error state of the container;
making a third determination, based on the second determination, that an error frequency of the repeating error state is greater than an existing backup frequency of a container backup schedule; and
generating, based on the third determination, a backup schedule warning indicating a recommended backup frequency. 16. The backup manager of claim 15, wherein making the first determination that the event entry specifies the alert event comprises:
matching at least a portion of the event entry to alert event data associated with the alert event. 17. The backup manager of claim 15, wherein the event entry indicates a container error at a first time, wherein the plurality of historical event entries comprises a second historical event entry that indicates a second container error at a second time. 18. The backup manager of claim 17, wherein the error frequency is based on the first time and the second time. 19. The backup manager of claim 18, wherein the recommended backup frequency is greater than the error frequency. 20. The backup manager of claim 15, wherein generating the backup schedule warning comprises:
issuing the backup schedule warning to a user interface. | 3,600 |
346,692 | 16,805,137 | 3,641 | A commodity tank support device mounts a commodity tank of a work vehicle on an end portion of a drive axle assembly of the work vehicle. The tank support device includes a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly extending through the opening, a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion including an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly, and a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device including a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank of the associated work vehicle. | 1. A commodity tank support device mounting an associated commodity tank of an associated work vehicle on an end portion of a drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle having an axle with a distal end selectively coupleable with a ground engaging member driven by the axle assembly, the commodity tank support device comprising:
a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle extending through the opening; a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the axle mounting portion comprising an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle; and a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the commodity tank mounting portion comprising a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding associated commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank of the associated work vehicle. 2. The commodity tank support device according to claim 1, wherein:
the main body portion comprises a substantially cylindrical main body member defining a main body member longitudinal axis; and the elongate opening extends along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member. 3. The commodity tank support device according to claim 2, wherein:
the elongate opening is configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member; and the main body member completely surrounds the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle. 4. The commodity tank support device according to claim 2, wherein:
the axle coupling member defines a flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 5. The commodity tank support device according to claim 4, wherein:
the flat interface defined by the axle coupling member comprises an annular flat interface in the plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 6. The commodity tank support device according to claim 4, wherein:
the main body member longitudinal axis is substantially coextensive with an axis defined by the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle. 7. The commodity tank support device according to claim 2, wherein:
the axle mounting portion of the first mounting portion comprises a single axle coupling member defining an annular flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 8. A work vehicle comprising:
a ground engaging member; a drive axle assembly comprising an axle having a distal end selectively coupleable with the ground engaging member for driving the ground engaging member by the axle assembly; a commodity tank comprising a commodity tank mounting structure; and a commodity tank support device mounting the commodity tank on an end portion of the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle, the commodity tank support device comprising:
a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly extending through the opening;
a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the axle mounting portion comprising an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly; and
a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the commodity tank mounting portion comprising a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with the commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank. 9. The work vehicle according to claim 8, wherein:
the main body portion of the commodity tank support device comprises a substantially cylindrical main body member defining a main body member longitudinal axis; and the elongate opening of the commodity tank support device extends along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member. 10. The work vehicle according to claim 9, wherein:
the elongate opening of the commodity tank support device is configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member; and the main body member of the commodity tank support device completely surrounds the end portion of the drive axle assembly when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly. 11. The work vehicle according to claim 9, wherein:
the axle coupling member of the commodity tank support device defines a flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 12. The work vehicle according to claim 11, wherein:
the flat interface defined by the axle coupling member of the commodity tank support device comprises an annular flat interface in the plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 13. The work vehicle according to claim 11, wherein:
the main body member longitudinal axis of the commodity tank support device is substantially coextensive with an axis defined by the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly. 14. The work vehicle according to claim 9, wherein:
the axle mounting portion of the first mounting portion of the commodity tank support device comprises a single axle coupling member defining an annular flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 15. A method of mounting a commodity tank onto a work vehicle, the method comprising:
providing a commodity tank comprising commodity tank mounting structure; providing a commodity tank support device comprising:
a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive an end portion of a drive axle assembly of the work vehicle extending through the opening;
a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the axle mounting portion comprising an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly; and
a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the commodity tank mounting portion comprising a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with the commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank;
moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other to receive the end portion of a drive axle assembly of the work vehicle extending through the opening of the main body portion; fastening the axle mounting portion defined by the first mounting portion of the commodity tank support device with the corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly; and fastening the commodity tank coupling member of the commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device with the commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein:
the moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other comprises:
moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other so that the main body member of the commodity tank support device completely surrounds the end portion of the drive axle assembly when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein:
the providing the commodity tank support device comprising providing a commodity tank support device having a main body portion comprising a substantially cylindrical main body member defining a main body member longitudinal axis; and the moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other comprises:
moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other with the main body member longitudinal axis of the commodity tank support device being substantially coextensive with an axis defined by the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle. | A commodity tank support device mounts a commodity tank of a work vehicle on an end portion of a drive axle assembly of the work vehicle. The tank support device includes a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly extending through the opening, a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion including an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly, and a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device including a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank of the associated work vehicle.1. A commodity tank support device mounting an associated commodity tank of an associated work vehicle on an end portion of a drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle having an axle with a distal end selectively coupleable with a ground engaging member driven by the axle assembly, the commodity tank support device comprising:
a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle extending through the opening; a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the axle mounting portion comprising an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle; and a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the commodity tank mounting portion comprising a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding associated commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank of the associated work vehicle. 2. The commodity tank support device according to claim 1, wherein:
the main body portion comprises a substantially cylindrical main body member defining a main body member longitudinal axis; and the elongate opening extends along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member. 3. The commodity tank support device according to claim 2, wherein:
the elongate opening is configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member; and the main body member completely surrounds the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle. 4. The commodity tank support device according to claim 2, wherein:
the axle coupling member defines a flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 5. The commodity tank support device according to claim 4, wherein:
the flat interface defined by the axle coupling member comprises an annular flat interface in the plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 6. The commodity tank support device according to claim 4, wherein:
the main body member longitudinal axis is substantially coextensive with an axis defined by the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle. 7. The commodity tank support device according to claim 2, wherein:
the axle mounting portion of the first mounting portion comprises a single axle coupling member defining an annular flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 8. A work vehicle comprising:
a ground engaging member; a drive axle assembly comprising an axle having a distal end selectively coupleable with the ground engaging member for driving the ground engaging member by the axle assembly; a commodity tank comprising a commodity tank mounting structure; and a commodity tank support device mounting the commodity tank on an end portion of the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle, the commodity tank support device comprising:
a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly extending through the opening;
a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the axle mounting portion comprising an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly; and
a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the commodity tank mounting portion comprising a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with the commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank. 9. The work vehicle according to claim 8, wherein:
the main body portion of the commodity tank support device comprises a substantially cylindrical main body member defining a main body member longitudinal axis; and the elongate opening of the commodity tank support device extends along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member. 10. The work vehicle according to claim 9, wherein:
the elongate opening of the commodity tank support device is configured to receive the end portion of the drive axle assembly along the main body member longitudinal axis of the main body member; and the main body member of the commodity tank support device completely surrounds the end portion of the drive axle assembly when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly. 11. The work vehicle according to claim 9, wherein:
the axle coupling member of the commodity tank support device defines a flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 12. The work vehicle according to claim 11, wherein:
the flat interface defined by the axle coupling member of the commodity tank support device comprises an annular flat interface in the plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 13. The work vehicle according to claim 11, wherein:
the main body member longitudinal axis of the commodity tank support device is substantially coextensive with an axis defined by the drive axle assembly of the associated work vehicle when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly. 14. The work vehicle according to claim 9, wherein:
the axle mounting portion of the first mounting portion of the commodity tank support device comprises a single axle coupling member defining an annular flat interface in a plane substantially perpendicular to the main body member longitudinal axis defined by the main body member. 15. A method of mounting a commodity tank onto a work vehicle, the method comprising:
providing a commodity tank comprising commodity tank mounting structure; providing a commodity tank support device comprising:
a main body portion defining an elongate opening extending along an axis of the main body portion and configured to receive an end portion of a drive axle assembly of the work vehicle extending through the opening;
a first mounting portion defining an axle mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the axle mounting portion comprising an axle coupling member configured for selective fastening with a corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly; and
a second mounting portion defining a commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device, the commodity tank mounting portion comprising a commodity tank coupling member configured for selective fastening with the commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank;
moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other to receive the end portion of a drive axle assembly of the work vehicle extending through the opening of the main body portion; fastening the axle mounting portion defined by the first mounting portion of the commodity tank support device with the corresponding axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly; and fastening the commodity tank coupling member of the commodity tank mounting portion of the commodity tank support device with the commodity tank mounting structure of the commodity tank. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein:
the moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other comprises:
moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other so that the main body member of the commodity tank support device completely surrounds the end portion of the drive axle assembly when the axle coupling member is selectively fastened with the corresponding associated axle mounting structure on the end portion of the drive axle assembly. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein:
the providing the commodity tank support device comprising providing a commodity tank support device having a main body portion comprising a substantially cylindrical main body member defining a main body member longitudinal axis; and the moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other comprises:
moving the commodity tank support device and the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle relative to each other with the main body member longitudinal axis of the commodity tank support device being substantially coextensive with an axis defined by the drive axle assembly of the work vehicle. | 3,600 |
346,693 | 16,805,160 | 3,641 | An image viewer and method for using the same in a medical image management system are described. In one embodiment, the system comprises: a network communication interface to receive compressed image pixel data; an image cache memory to cache the compressed DICOM image pixel data and rendered images; one or more processors coupled to the network connection interface and the memory and configured to implement an image rendering pipeline to perform image rendering in response to opening a healthcare study for review, wherein the image rendering includes determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image selected for display is in an image cache memory, and if so, then fetching the compressed image pixel data from an image cache, where the image pixel data represents a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study, and rendering a displayable image for display with a viewer on the display, and if not, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; and a display coupled to the one or more processors to display the displayable image with a viewer. | 1. A system comprising:
a network communication interface to receive compressed image pixel data; an image cache memory to cache the compressed image pixel data and rendered images; one or more processors coupled to the network connection interface and the memory and configured to perform image rendering in response to opening a healthcare study for review, wherein the image rendering includes determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image selected for display is in an image cache memory, and if so, then
generating a displayable image from the image pixel data that has undergone image processing, where the image pixel data in the image cache memory represents a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study, and
rendering the displayable image for display with a viewer on the display, and
if not, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; a display coupled to the one or more processors to display the displayable image with the viewer. 2. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the processor is further operable to request compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located with respect to the system via the network connection and download the compressed image pixel data into the image cache memory. 3. The system defined in claim 2 wherein the processor is further operable to:
generate and queue the request in response to the healthcare study being opened;
send, using a loader, the request to the remotely located server; and
receive and store in the image cache the compressed image pixel data received from the remotely located server. 4. The system defined in claim 3 wherein the processor requests the compressed image pixel data from the remotely located server in response to determining the compressed image pixel data is not stored in the image cache memory. 5. The system defined in claim 4 wherein the compressed image pixel data is requested by the processor based on a priority. 6. The system defined in claim 5 wherein compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is part of a series selected for display on the display has a higher priority and is requested before compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is not part of the series selected for display on the display. 7. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the processor is operable to request compressed image pixel data from an image cache memory instead of requesting the compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located from the server in order to compensate for a low network speed environment in which network speed is below a threshold. 8. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the image comprises a DICOM image. 9. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the processor is operable to download compressed image data to the image cache as a background process before the study is opened for review. 10. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the viewer is part of a browser. 11. A method for displaying images from a healthcare study in a graphical user interface (GUI), the method comprising:
determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system; if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then
fetching the compressed image pixel data from an image cache, the image pixel data representing a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study,
generating a displayable image from the image pixel data that has undergone image processing, and
rendering the displayable image for display with a viewer on the display;
if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is not in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; and displaying the displayable image with a viewer. 12. The method defined in claim 11 further comprising requesting compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located with respect to the system via the network connection and downloading the compressed image pixel data into the image cache memory. 13. The method defined in claim 12 wherein downloading from a remote location a rendered version of the displayable image for display with the viewer comprises:
generating and queuing the request at the medical image management system in response to the study being opened;
sending, by a loader of the medical image management system, the request to the remotely located server;
receiving and storing in the image cache, by the medical image management system, the compressed image pixel data received from the remotely located server. 14. The method defined in claim 11 wherein the compressed image pixel data is fetched based on a priority. 15. The method defined in claim 14 wherein compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is part of a series selected for display on the display has a higher priority and is requested before compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is not part of the series selected for display on the display. 16. The method defined in claim 11 wherein the image comprises a DICOM image. 17. The method defined in claim 11 wherein the viewer is part of a browser. 18. A non-transitory computer readable storage media having instructions stored thereupon which, when executed by a system having at least a processor and a memory therein, cause the system to perform a method for displaying images from a healthcare study in a graphical user interface (GUI), wherein the method comprises:
determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system; if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then
fetching the compressed image pixel data from an image cache, the image pixel data representing a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study,
generating a displayable image from the image pixel data that has undergone image processing, and
rendering the displayable image for display with a viewer on the display;
if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is not in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; and displaying the displayable image with a viewer. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage media defined in claim 18 wherein the method further comprises requesting compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located with respect to the system via the network connection and downloading the compressed image pixel data into the image cache. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage media defined in claim 19 wherein downloading from a remote location a rendered version of the displayable image for display with the viewer comprises:
generating and queuing the request at the medical image management system in response to the study being opened;
sending, by a loader of the medical image management system, the request to the remotely located server;
receiving and storing in the image cache, by the medical image management system, the compressed image pixel data received from the remotely located server. | An image viewer and method for using the same in a medical image management system are described. In one embodiment, the system comprises: a network communication interface to receive compressed image pixel data; an image cache memory to cache the compressed DICOM image pixel data and rendered images; one or more processors coupled to the network connection interface and the memory and configured to implement an image rendering pipeline to perform image rendering in response to opening a healthcare study for review, wherein the image rendering includes determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image selected for display is in an image cache memory, and if so, then fetching the compressed image pixel data from an image cache, where the image pixel data represents a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study, and rendering a displayable image for display with a viewer on the display, and if not, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; and a display coupled to the one or more processors to display the displayable image with a viewer.1. A system comprising:
a network communication interface to receive compressed image pixel data; an image cache memory to cache the compressed image pixel data and rendered images; one or more processors coupled to the network connection interface and the memory and configured to perform image rendering in response to opening a healthcare study for review, wherein the image rendering includes determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image selected for display is in an image cache memory, and if so, then
generating a displayable image from the image pixel data that has undergone image processing, where the image pixel data in the image cache memory represents a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study, and
rendering the displayable image for display with a viewer on the display, and
if not, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; a display coupled to the one or more processors to display the displayable image with the viewer. 2. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the processor is further operable to request compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located with respect to the system via the network connection and download the compressed image pixel data into the image cache memory. 3. The system defined in claim 2 wherein the processor is further operable to:
generate and queue the request in response to the healthcare study being opened;
send, using a loader, the request to the remotely located server; and
receive and store in the image cache the compressed image pixel data received from the remotely located server. 4. The system defined in claim 3 wherein the processor requests the compressed image pixel data from the remotely located server in response to determining the compressed image pixel data is not stored in the image cache memory. 5. The system defined in claim 4 wherein the compressed image pixel data is requested by the processor based on a priority. 6. The system defined in claim 5 wherein compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is part of a series selected for display on the display has a higher priority and is requested before compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is not part of the series selected for display on the display. 7. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the processor is operable to request compressed image pixel data from an image cache memory instead of requesting the compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located from the server in order to compensate for a low network speed environment in which network speed is below a threshold. 8. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the image comprises a DICOM image. 9. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the processor is operable to download compressed image data to the image cache as a background process before the study is opened for review. 10. The system defined in claim 1 wherein the viewer is part of a browser. 11. A method for displaying images from a healthcare study in a graphical user interface (GUI), the method comprising:
determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system; if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then
fetching the compressed image pixel data from an image cache, the image pixel data representing a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study,
generating a displayable image from the image pixel data that has undergone image processing, and
rendering the displayable image for display with a viewer on the display;
if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is not in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; and displaying the displayable image with a viewer. 12. The method defined in claim 11 further comprising requesting compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located with respect to the system via the network connection and downloading the compressed image pixel data into the image cache memory. 13. The method defined in claim 12 wherein downloading from a remote location a rendered version of the displayable image for display with the viewer comprises:
generating and queuing the request at the medical image management system in response to the study being opened;
sending, by a loader of the medical image management system, the request to the remotely located server;
receiving and storing in the image cache, by the medical image management system, the compressed image pixel data received from the remotely located server. 14. The method defined in claim 11 wherein the compressed image pixel data is fetched based on a priority. 15. The method defined in claim 14 wherein compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is part of a series selected for display on the display has a higher priority and is requested before compressed image pixel data associated with an image that is not part of the series selected for display on the display. 16. The method defined in claim 11 wherein the image comprises a DICOM image. 17. The method defined in claim 11 wherein the viewer is part of a browser. 18. A non-transitory computer readable storage media having instructions stored thereupon which, when executed by a system having at least a processor and a memory therein, cause the system to perform a method for displaying images from a healthcare study in a graphical user interface (GUI), wherein the method comprises:
determining whether compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system; if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then
fetching the compressed image pixel data from an image cache, the image pixel data representing a pre-rendered version of an image from a series in the healthcare study,
generating a displayable image from the image pixel data that has undergone image processing, and
rendering the displayable image for display with a viewer on the display;
if the compressed image pixel data associated with an image of a healthcare study selected for display is not in an image cache memory of a medical image management system, then downloading from a remote location a version of the displayable image for display with the viewer; and displaying the displayable image with a viewer. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage media defined in claim 18 wherein the method further comprises requesting compressed image pixel data from a server remotely located with respect to the system via the network connection and downloading the compressed image pixel data into the image cache. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage media defined in claim 19 wherein downloading from a remote location a rendered version of the displayable image for display with the viewer comprises:
generating and queuing the request at the medical image management system in response to the study being opened;
sending, by a loader of the medical image management system, the request to the remotely located server;
receiving and storing in the image cache, by the medical image management system, the compressed image pixel data received from the remotely located server. | 3,600 |
346,694 | 16,805,173 | 3,641 | An integral nozzle with a section of pipe having a weld end and a flange end. Proximate the flange end there can be a thickened section to strengthen and stabilize the integral nozzle. The wall thickness of the section of pipe can be less than a standard size, such as schedule 40 or schedule 80 pipe, thereby reducing the weight, overall circumference of the weld end, and required material to make the integral nozzle. | 1. An integral nozzle comprising:
a. a section of pipe with a weld end and a flange end; b. a thickened section proximate the flange end; and c. a flange connection formed on the flange end of the section of pipe. 2. The integral nozzle of claim 1, wherein the flange connection is a standard flange size. 3. The integral nozzle of claim 1, wherein the flange connection comports to ANSI standards. 4. The integral nozzle of claim 2, wherein the section of pipe has a wall thickness less than a standard wall thickness. 5. The integral nozzle of claim 3, wherein the section of pipe has a wall thickness less than an ANSI standard wall thickness. 6. The integral nozzle of claim 1, wherein the thickened section tapers from the flange connection to the section of pipe. | An integral nozzle with a section of pipe having a weld end and a flange end. Proximate the flange end there can be a thickened section to strengthen and stabilize the integral nozzle. The wall thickness of the section of pipe can be less than a standard size, such as schedule 40 or schedule 80 pipe, thereby reducing the weight, overall circumference of the weld end, and required material to make the integral nozzle.1. An integral nozzle comprising:
a. a section of pipe with a weld end and a flange end; b. a thickened section proximate the flange end; and c. a flange connection formed on the flange end of the section of pipe. 2. The integral nozzle of claim 1, wherein the flange connection is a standard flange size. 3. The integral nozzle of claim 1, wherein the flange connection comports to ANSI standards. 4. The integral nozzle of claim 2, wherein the section of pipe has a wall thickness less than a standard wall thickness. 5. The integral nozzle of claim 3, wherein the section of pipe has a wall thickness less than an ANSI standard wall thickness. 6. The integral nozzle of claim 1, wherein the thickened section tapers from the flange connection to the section of pipe. | 3,600 |
346,695 | 16,805,139 | 3,641 | A sensing system for a battery includes a flex foil substrate including a first cover layer. A conductive layer defines a trace pattern including traces. A second cover layer defines a first opening. The conductive layer is sandwiched between the first cover layer and the second cover layer. The first opening exposes a first trace and a second trace of the trace pattern. A busbar is attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate. A temperature sensor is connected to the first trace and the second trace of the trace pattern in the first opening of the first cover layer. | 1. A sensing system for a battery, comprising:
a flex foil substrate including:
a first cover layer;
a conductive layer defining a trace pattern including traces; and
a second cover layer defining a first opening,
wherein the conductive layer is sandwiched between the first cover layer and the second cover layer and wherein the first opening exposes a first trace and a second trace of the trace pattern;
a busbar attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate; and
a temperature sensor connected to the first trace and the second trace of the trace pattern in the first opening of the first cover layer. 2. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein the busbar is attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate using pressure sensitive adhesive. 3. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor includes a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) temperature sensor. 4. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is attached to the first trace and the second trace using conductive adhesive. 5. The sensing system of claim 1, further comprising a protective layer arranged over the temperature sensor and the first opening in the flex foil substrate. 6. The sensing system of claim 5, wherein the protective layer comprises a coating. 7. The sensing system of claim 5, wherein the protective layer comprises a conformal coating. 8. A battery system comprising:
a frame; a plurality of busbars including the busbar, wherein the plurality of busbars are attached to the frame; and the sensing system of claim 1. 9. The battery system of claim 8, wherein:
the flex foil substrate is arranged in contact with a top surface of the busbar, the flex foil substrate includes a third trace and a second opening in the second cover layer, the third trace is connected through the second opening to a bottom surface of at least another one of the plurality of busbars. 10. The battery system of claim 9, wherein the third trace of the flex foil substrate is ultrasonically welded to the third trace. 11. The battery system of claim 10, wherein the busbar and the at least another one of the plurality of busbars are arranged adjacent to one another. 12. A connector for a battery system comprising:
a frame; a plurality of busbars attached to the frame; a flex foil substrate including:
a first cover layer;
a second cover layer;
a conductive layer defining a trace pattern including traces and sandwiched between the first cover layer and the second cover layer;
a first opening in the second cover layer exposing a first trace and a second trace of the trace pattern;
a second opening in the second cover layer exposing a third trace of the trace pattern;
an outer surface of the first cover layer attached to a first surface of a first one of the plurality of busbars; and
the third trace of the flex foil substrate in the second opening is connected to a second surface of a second one of the plurality of busbars; and
a temperature sensor connected in the first opening to the first trace and the second trace of the trace pattern. 13. The connector of claim 12, wherein the second surface of the second one of the plurality of busbars is on a battery-facing side of the connector and the first surface of the first one of the plurality of busbars is on a side opposite to the battery-facing side of the connector. 14. The connector of claim 12, wherein the first one of the plurality of busbars is attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate using pressure sensitive adhesive. 15. The connector of claim 12, wherein the temperature sensor includes a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) temperature sensor. 16. The connector of claim 12, wherein the temperature sensor is attached to the first trace and the second trace using conductive adhesive. 17. The connector of claim 12, further comprising a protective layer arranged over the temperature sensor and the first opening in the flex foil substrate. 18. The connector of claim 17, wherein the protective layer comprises a coating. 19. The connector of claim 17, wherein the protective layer comprises a conformal coating. | A sensing system for a battery includes a flex foil substrate including a first cover layer. A conductive layer defines a trace pattern including traces. A second cover layer defines a first opening. The conductive layer is sandwiched between the first cover layer and the second cover layer. The first opening exposes a first trace and a second trace of the trace pattern. A busbar is attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate. A temperature sensor is connected to the first trace and the second trace of the trace pattern in the first opening of the first cover layer.1. A sensing system for a battery, comprising:
a flex foil substrate including:
a first cover layer;
a conductive layer defining a trace pattern including traces; and
a second cover layer defining a first opening,
wherein the conductive layer is sandwiched between the first cover layer and the second cover layer and wherein the first opening exposes a first trace and a second trace of the trace pattern;
a busbar attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate; and
a temperature sensor connected to the first trace and the second trace of the trace pattern in the first opening of the first cover layer. 2. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein the busbar is attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate using pressure sensitive adhesive. 3. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor includes a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) temperature sensor. 4. The sensing system of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is attached to the first trace and the second trace using conductive adhesive. 5. The sensing system of claim 1, further comprising a protective layer arranged over the temperature sensor and the first opening in the flex foil substrate. 6. The sensing system of claim 5, wherein the protective layer comprises a coating. 7. The sensing system of claim 5, wherein the protective layer comprises a conformal coating. 8. A battery system comprising:
a frame; a plurality of busbars including the busbar, wherein the plurality of busbars are attached to the frame; and the sensing system of claim 1. 9. The battery system of claim 8, wherein:
the flex foil substrate is arranged in contact with a top surface of the busbar, the flex foil substrate includes a third trace and a second opening in the second cover layer, the third trace is connected through the second opening to a bottom surface of at least another one of the plurality of busbars. 10. The battery system of claim 9, wherein the third trace of the flex foil substrate is ultrasonically welded to the third trace. 11. The battery system of claim 10, wherein the busbar and the at least another one of the plurality of busbars are arranged adjacent to one another. 12. A connector for a battery system comprising:
a frame; a plurality of busbars attached to the frame; a flex foil substrate including:
a first cover layer;
a second cover layer;
a conductive layer defining a trace pattern including traces and sandwiched between the first cover layer and the second cover layer;
a first opening in the second cover layer exposing a first trace and a second trace of the trace pattern;
a second opening in the second cover layer exposing a third trace of the trace pattern;
an outer surface of the first cover layer attached to a first surface of a first one of the plurality of busbars; and
the third trace of the flex foil substrate in the second opening is connected to a second surface of a second one of the plurality of busbars; and
a temperature sensor connected in the first opening to the first trace and the second trace of the trace pattern. 13. The connector of claim 12, wherein the second surface of the second one of the plurality of busbars is on a battery-facing side of the connector and the first surface of the first one of the plurality of busbars is on a side opposite to the battery-facing side of the connector. 14. The connector of claim 12, wherein the first one of the plurality of busbars is attached to the first cover layer of the flex foil substrate using pressure sensitive adhesive. 15. The connector of claim 12, wherein the temperature sensor includes a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) temperature sensor. 16. The connector of claim 12, wherein the temperature sensor is attached to the first trace and the second trace using conductive adhesive. 17. The connector of claim 12, further comprising a protective layer arranged over the temperature sensor and the first opening in the flex foil substrate. 18. The connector of claim 17, wherein the protective layer comprises a coating. 19. The connector of claim 17, wherein the protective layer comprises a conformal coating. | 3,600 |
346,696 | 16,805,159 | 2,495 | Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to improve feature engineering efficiency. An example method disclosed herein includes retrieving a log file in a first file format, the log file containing feature occurrence data, generating a first unit operation based on the first file format to extract the feature occurrence data from the log file to a string, the first unit operation associated with a first metadata tag, generating second unit operations to identify respective features from the feature occurrence data, the second unit operations associated with respective second metadata tags, and generating a first sequence of the first metadata tag and the second metadata tags to create a first vector output file of the feature occurrence data | 1.-34. (canceled) 35. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed, improve an efficiency of a machine learning algorithm by causing one or more processors to at least:
retrieve a log file in a first format, the log file containing behavior-related data to be analyzed by one or more machine learning algorithms; convert the log file from the first format to a second format; prior to machine learning algorithm application, improve machine learning modeling efficiency by distinguishing candidate malicious features from non-malicious features by extracting respective behavior-related features from the behavior-related data of the log file in the second format based on the respective ones of the behavior-related features matching one or more patterns corresponding to malware; hash the extracted behavior-related features corresponding to malware; format input data for the machine learning algorithm by creating a vector output file of the hashed respective ones of the behavior-related features extracted from the behavior-related data corresponding to malware; and improve the efficiency of the machine learning algorithm by transmitting the formatted vector output file to a system executing the machine learning algorithm. 36. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the behavior-related data is generated by a computing device executing software related to malware prevention. 37. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the behavior-related data includes a representation of a sequence of system events occurring during execution of a program on a computing device. 38. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the first format corresponds to at least one of a text file format, a comma separated value file format, a JavaScript Object Notation file format, a binary file format, or an Extensible Markup Language file format. 39. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the second format corresponds to a string format. 40. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to execute a unit operation based on the first format to convert the log file from the first format to the second format. 41. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 40 wherein the unit operation includes string manipulation code. 42. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the one or more patterns corresponding to malware include a regular expression that causes extraction of the behavior related features from the log file independent of the first format of the log file. 43. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 42, wherein the regular expression includes metacharacters indicative of at least one of Boolean operations, grouping operations, or quantification operations. 44. An apparatus to improve an efficiency of a machine learning algorithm, the apparatus comprising:
a log file retriever to retrieve a log file in a first format, the log file containing behavior-related data to be analyzed by one or more machine learning algorithms; an operation flow builder to:
convert the log file from the first format to a second format;
prior to machine learning algorithm application, improve machine learning modeling efficiency by distinguishing candidate malicious features from non-malicious features by extracting respective behavior-related features from the behavior-related data of the log file in the second format based on the respective ones of the behavior-related features matching one or more patterns corresponding to malware;
hash the extracted behavior-related features corresponding to malware; and
format input data for the machine learning algorithm by creating a vector output file of the hashed respective ones of the behavior-related features extracted from the behavior-related data corresponding to malware; and
a feature engineering system to improve the efficiency of the machine learning algorithm by transmitting the formatted vector output file to a system executing the machine learning algorithm. 45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the behavior-related data is generated by a computing device executing software related to malware prevention. 46. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the behavior-related data includes a representation of a sequence of system events occurring during execution of a program on a computing device. 47. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the log file retriever is to identify the first format as at least one of a text file format, a comma separated value file format, a JavaScript Object Notation file format, a binary file format, or an Extensible Markup Language file format. 48. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the second format corresponds to a string format. 49. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the operation flow builder is to execute a unit operation based on the first format to convert the log file from the first format to the second format. 50. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein the unit operation includes string manipulation code. 51. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the one or more patterns corresponding to malware include a regular expression that causes extraction of the behavior related features from the log file independent of the first format of the log file. 52. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein the regular expression includes metacharacters indicative of at least one of Boolean operations, grouping operations, or quantification operations. 53. A method to improve an efficiency of a machine learning algorithm, the method comprising:
retrieving a log file in a first format, the log file containing behavior-related data to be analyzed by one or more machine learning algorithms; converting the log file from the first format to a second format; prior to machine learning algorithm application, improving machine learning modeling efficiency by distinguishing candidate malicious features from non-malicious features by extracting respective behavior-related features from the behavior-related data of the log file in the second format based on the respective ones of the behavior-related features matching one or more patterns corresponding to malware; hashing the extracted behavior-related features corresponding to malware; formatting input data for the machine learning algorithm by creating a vector output file of the hashed respective ones of the behavior-related features extracted from the behavior-related data corresponding to malware; and improving the efficiency of the machine learning algorithm by transmitting the formatted vector output file to a system executing the machine learning algorithm. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the behavior-related data is generated by a computing device executing software related to malware prevention. | Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to improve feature engineering efficiency. An example method disclosed herein includes retrieving a log file in a first file format, the log file containing feature occurrence data, generating a first unit operation based on the first file format to extract the feature occurrence data from the log file to a string, the first unit operation associated with a first metadata tag, generating second unit operations to identify respective features from the feature occurrence data, the second unit operations associated with respective second metadata tags, and generating a first sequence of the first metadata tag and the second metadata tags to create a first vector output file of the feature occurrence data1.-34. (canceled) 35. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed, improve an efficiency of a machine learning algorithm by causing one or more processors to at least:
retrieve a log file in a first format, the log file containing behavior-related data to be analyzed by one or more machine learning algorithms; convert the log file from the first format to a second format; prior to machine learning algorithm application, improve machine learning modeling efficiency by distinguishing candidate malicious features from non-malicious features by extracting respective behavior-related features from the behavior-related data of the log file in the second format based on the respective ones of the behavior-related features matching one or more patterns corresponding to malware; hash the extracted behavior-related features corresponding to malware; format input data for the machine learning algorithm by creating a vector output file of the hashed respective ones of the behavior-related features extracted from the behavior-related data corresponding to malware; and improve the efficiency of the machine learning algorithm by transmitting the formatted vector output file to a system executing the machine learning algorithm. 36. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the behavior-related data is generated by a computing device executing software related to malware prevention. 37. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the behavior-related data includes a representation of a sequence of system events occurring during execution of a program on a computing device. 38. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the first format corresponds to at least one of a text file format, a comma separated value file format, a JavaScript Object Notation file format, a binary file format, or an Extensible Markup Language file format. 39. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the second format corresponds to a string format. 40. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to execute a unit operation based on the first format to convert the log file from the first format to the second format. 41. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 40 wherein the unit operation includes string manipulation code. 42. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 35, wherein the one or more patterns corresponding to malware include a regular expression that causes extraction of the behavior related features from the log file independent of the first format of the log file. 43. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 42, wherein the regular expression includes metacharacters indicative of at least one of Boolean operations, grouping operations, or quantification operations. 44. An apparatus to improve an efficiency of a machine learning algorithm, the apparatus comprising:
a log file retriever to retrieve a log file in a first format, the log file containing behavior-related data to be analyzed by one or more machine learning algorithms; an operation flow builder to:
convert the log file from the first format to a second format;
prior to machine learning algorithm application, improve machine learning modeling efficiency by distinguishing candidate malicious features from non-malicious features by extracting respective behavior-related features from the behavior-related data of the log file in the second format based on the respective ones of the behavior-related features matching one or more patterns corresponding to malware;
hash the extracted behavior-related features corresponding to malware; and
format input data for the machine learning algorithm by creating a vector output file of the hashed respective ones of the behavior-related features extracted from the behavior-related data corresponding to malware; and
a feature engineering system to improve the efficiency of the machine learning algorithm by transmitting the formatted vector output file to a system executing the machine learning algorithm. 45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the behavior-related data is generated by a computing device executing software related to malware prevention. 46. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the behavior-related data includes a representation of a sequence of system events occurring during execution of a program on a computing device. 47. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the log file retriever is to identify the first format as at least one of a text file format, a comma separated value file format, a JavaScript Object Notation file format, a binary file format, or an Extensible Markup Language file format. 48. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the second format corresponds to a string format. 49. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the operation flow builder is to execute a unit operation based on the first format to convert the log file from the first format to the second format. 50. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein the unit operation includes string manipulation code. 51. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the one or more patterns corresponding to malware include a regular expression that causes extraction of the behavior related features from the log file independent of the first format of the log file. 52. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein the regular expression includes metacharacters indicative of at least one of Boolean operations, grouping operations, or quantification operations. 53. A method to improve an efficiency of a machine learning algorithm, the method comprising:
retrieving a log file in a first format, the log file containing behavior-related data to be analyzed by one or more machine learning algorithms; converting the log file from the first format to a second format; prior to machine learning algorithm application, improving machine learning modeling efficiency by distinguishing candidate malicious features from non-malicious features by extracting respective behavior-related features from the behavior-related data of the log file in the second format based on the respective ones of the behavior-related features matching one or more patterns corresponding to malware; hashing the extracted behavior-related features corresponding to malware; formatting input data for the machine learning algorithm by creating a vector output file of the hashed respective ones of the behavior-related features extracted from the behavior-related data corresponding to malware; and improving the efficiency of the machine learning algorithm by transmitting the formatted vector output file to a system executing the machine learning algorithm. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the behavior-related data is generated by a computing device executing software related to malware prevention. | 2,400 |
346,697 | 16,805,154 | 2,495 | A number of monolithic multi-throw diode switch structures are described. The monolithic multi-throw diode switches can include a hybrid arrangement of diodes with different intrinsic regions, all formed over the same semiconductor substrate. In one example, two PIN diodes in a monolithic multi-throw diode switch have different intrinsic region thicknesses. The first PIN diode has a thinner intrinsic region, and the second PIN diode has a thicker intrinsic region. This configuration allows for both the thin intrinsic region PIN diode and the thick intrinsic region PIN diode to be individually optimized. As one example, for a switch functioning in a dedicated transmit/receive mode, the first transmit PIN diode can have a thicker intrinsic region than the second receive PIN diode to maximize power handling for the transmit arm and maximize receive sensitivity and insertion loss in the receive arm. | 1. A monolithic multi-throw diode switch, comprising:
a common port, a first port, and a second port; a first PIN diode comprising a first P-type region formed to a first depth into an intrinsic layer such the first PIN diode comprises a first effective intrinsic region of a first thickness, the first PIN diode being electrically coupled to a node between the common port and the first port; a second PIN diode comprising a second P-type region formed to a second depth into the intrinsic layer such the second PIN diode comprises a second effective intrinsic region of a second thickness, the second PIN diode being electrically coupled to a node between the common port and the second port; a first bias network for bias control of the first PIN diode; and a second bias network for bias control of the second PIN diode. 2. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness. 3. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising at least one capacitor and at least one inductor formed over the intrinsic layer as part of the monolithic multi-throw diode switch. 4. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising at least one transmission line formed over the intrinsic layer as part of the monolithic multi-throw diode switch. 5. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the second port. 6. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein:
the first PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the first port to ground; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the second port to ground. 7. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from a cathode of the first PIN diode to ground. 8. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising:
a dielectric layer over the intrinsic layer, the dielectric layer comprising a plurality of openings, wherein: the first P-type region is formed through a first opening among the plurality of openings; and the second P-type region is formed through a second opening among the plurality of openings. 9. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 8, wherein a first width of the first opening is different than a second width of the second opening. 10. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein the first PIN diode and the second PIN diode are heterolithic microwave integrated circuit (HMIC) PIN diodes. 11. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising a third PIN diode comprising a third P-type region formed to a third depth into the intrinsic layer such the third PIN diode comprises a third effective intrinsic region of a third thickness. 12. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch claim 11, wherein:
the first thickness is greater than the second thickness; and the second thickness is greater than the third thickness. 13. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising an N-type silicon substrate, wherein the first PIN diode and the second PIN diode are both formed on the N-type silicon substrate. 14. A method of manufacture of a monolithic multi-throw diode switch, comprising:
providing an intrinsic layer on an N-type semiconductor substrate; implanting a first P-type region to a first depth into the intrinsic layer to form a first PIN diode comprising a first effective intrinsic region of a first thickness; implanting a second P-type region to a second depth into the intrinsic layer to form a second PIN diode comprising a second effective intrinsic region of a second thickness; and forming at least one metal layer over the intrinsic layer to electrically couple the first PIN diode to a node between a common port and a first port of the switch and to electrically couple the second PIN diode to a node between the common port and a second port of the switch. 15. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness. 16. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, further comprising forming at least one capacitor and at least one inductor over the intrinsic layer as part of the monolithic multi-throw diode switch. 17. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the second port. 18. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein:
the first PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the first port to ground; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the second port to ground. 19. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from a cathode of the first PIN diode to ground. 20. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, further comprising:
forming an insulating layer on the intrinsic layer; forming a first opening in an insulating layer, wherein implanting the first P-type region comprises implanting the first P-type region through the first opening; and after implanting the first P-type region, forming a second opening in the insulating layer, wherein implanting the second P-type region comprises implanting the second P-type region through the second opening, wherein a first width of the first opening is different than a second width of the second opening. | A number of monolithic multi-throw diode switch structures are described. The monolithic multi-throw diode switches can include a hybrid arrangement of diodes with different intrinsic regions, all formed over the same semiconductor substrate. In one example, two PIN diodes in a monolithic multi-throw diode switch have different intrinsic region thicknesses. The first PIN diode has a thinner intrinsic region, and the second PIN diode has a thicker intrinsic region. This configuration allows for both the thin intrinsic region PIN diode and the thick intrinsic region PIN diode to be individually optimized. As one example, for a switch functioning in a dedicated transmit/receive mode, the first transmit PIN diode can have a thicker intrinsic region than the second receive PIN diode to maximize power handling for the transmit arm and maximize receive sensitivity and insertion loss in the receive arm.1. A monolithic multi-throw diode switch, comprising:
a common port, a first port, and a second port; a first PIN diode comprising a first P-type region formed to a first depth into an intrinsic layer such the first PIN diode comprises a first effective intrinsic region of a first thickness, the first PIN diode being electrically coupled to a node between the common port and the first port; a second PIN diode comprising a second P-type region formed to a second depth into the intrinsic layer such the second PIN diode comprises a second effective intrinsic region of a second thickness, the second PIN diode being electrically coupled to a node between the common port and the second port; a first bias network for bias control of the first PIN diode; and a second bias network for bias control of the second PIN diode. 2. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness. 3. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising at least one capacitor and at least one inductor formed over the intrinsic layer as part of the monolithic multi-throw diode switch. 4. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising at least one transmission line formed over the intrinsic layer as part of the monolithic multi-throw diode switch. 5. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the second port. 6. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein:
the first PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the first port to ground; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the second port to ground. 7. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from a cathode of the first PIN diode to ground. 8. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising:
a dielectric layer over the intrinsic layer, the dielectric layer comprising a plurality of openings, wherein: the first P-type region is formed through a first opening among the plurality of openings; and the second P-type region is formed through a second opening among the plurality of openings. 9. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 8, wherein a first width of the first opening is different than a second width of the second opening. 10. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, wherein the first PIN diode and the second PIN diode are heterolithic microwave integrated circuit (HMIC) PIN diodes. 11. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising a third PIN diode comprising a third P-type region formed to a third depth into the intrinsic layer such the third PIN diode comprises a third effective intrinsic region of a third thickness. 12. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch claim 11, wherein:
the first thickness is greater than the second thickness; and the second thickness is greater than the third thickness. 13. The monolithic multi-throw diode switch of claim 1, further comprising an N-type silicon substrate, wherein the first PIN diode and the second PIN diode are both formed on the N-type silicon substrate. 14. A method of manufacture of a monolithic multi-throw diode switch, comprising:
providing an intrinsic layer on an N-type semiconductor substrate; implanting a first P-type region to a first depth into the intrinsic layer to form a first PIN diode comprising a first effective intrinsic region of a first thickness; implanting a second P-type region to a second depth into the intrinsic layer to form a second PIN diode comprising a second effective intrinsic region of a second thickness; and forming at least one metal layer over the intrinsic layer to electrically couple the first PIN diode to a node between a common port and a first port of the switch and to electrically couple the second PIN diode to a node between the common port and a second port of the switch. 15. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness. 16. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, further comprising forming at least one capacitor and at least one inductor over the intrinsic layer as part of the monolithic multi-throw diode switch. 17. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the second port. 18. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein:
the first PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the first port to ground; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from the node between the common port and the second port to ground. 19. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, wherein:
the first PIN diode is series-connected in the node between the common port and the first port; and the second PIN diode is shunt-connected from a cathode of the first PIN diode to ground. 20. The method of manufacture according to claim 14, further comprising:
forming an insulating layer on the intrinsic layer; forming a first opening in an insulating layer, wherein implanting the first P-type region comprises implanting the first P-type region through the first opening; and after implanting the first P-type region, forming a second opening in the insulating layer, wherein implanting the second P-type region comprises implanting the second P-type region through the second opening, wherein a first width of the first opening is different than a second width of the second opening. | 2,400 |
346,698 | 16,805,130 | 2,495 | Examples described herein relate to transitioning a playback session between portable playback devices such as “smart” headphones, earbuds, and handheld speakers with playback devices of a zone-based media playback system. Exemplary techniques facilitate continuity of playback when transitioning between locations (e.g., from at home to on-the-go or vice versa) or between listening paradigms (e.g., personal or out-loud playback of audio content). An example implementation includes detecting a swap trigger, determining the source playback device(s) and target playback device(s), and performing a playback session swap between the source playback device(s) and target playback device(s). | 1. A wearable playback device comprising:
one or more network interfaces, wherein the one or more network interfaces comprises an 802.11-compatible network interface; one or more transducers; one or more amplifiers configured to drive the one or more transducers; one or more batteries; one or more processors; one or more wearable housings, the one or more wearable housings carrying the one or more network interfaces, the one or more transducers, the one or more amplifiers, the one or more batteries, the one or more processors, and data storage having instructions stored thereon that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the wearable playback device to perform functions comprising:
receiving data representing a first playback session swap input;
based on receiving the data representing the first playback session swap input, identifying one or more source playback devices within a media playback system that are (a) connected to a first wireless local area network (LAN) and (b) playing back particular audio content in a playback session, wherein the wearable playback device is connected to the first wireless LAN via the 802.11-compatible network interface; and
transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more source playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a first synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more source playback devices, wherein forming the first synchrony group causes the wearable playback device to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop. 2. The wearable playback device of claim 1, further comprising one or more microphones that are carried by the one or more wearable housings, and wherein identifying the one or more source playback devices comprises:
identifying a set of swap-eligible playback devices in the media playback system; causing the set of swap-eligible playback devices to emit respective audio chirps that identify the emitting swap-eligible playback devices; detecting, via the one or more microphones, the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices; and selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices based on the audio chirp from the one or more source playback devices indicating that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 3. The wearable playback devices of claim 2, wherein the one or more microphones comprise one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones carried on one or more exterior surfaces of the one or more wearable housings, and wherein detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices via the one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones. 4. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
comparing one or more respective metrics of the detected audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices to determine that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 5. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
while playing back audio content in the transitioned playback session, receiving data representing a second playback session swap input; based on the second playback session swap input, identifying one or more target playback devices within the media playback system that are connected to the first wireless LAN; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more target playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a second synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more target playback devices, wherein forming the second synchrony group causes the one or more target playback devices to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) removing the wearable playback device from the second synchrony group. 6. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the one or more wearable housings comprise a touch-sensitive region, and wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving input data representing a touch-and-hold input on the touch-sensitive region. 7. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface from a controller application on a mobile device, data representing instructions to perform a playback session swap. 8. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop comprises:
after forming the synchrony group including the wearable playback device and one or more source devices, causing the one or more source devices to be removed from the synchrony group. 9. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the one or more source devices comprises a master playback device configured to play back multi-channel audio, and wherein transitioning the playback session comprises:
sending, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing instructions to enter a swap mode; receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing (i) a service set identifier (SSID) of a second wireless LAN, the second wireless LAN formed by the master playback device and (ii) credentials for the second wireless LAN; disconnecting from the first wireless LAN and connecting to the second wireless LAN via the 802.11-compatible network interface; and while connected to the second wireless LAN, receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface, data representing (i) playback timing information for the first synchrony group and (ii) the multi-channel audio. 10. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the one or more wearable housings are formed into one of (a) headphones or (b) one or more earbuds. 11. A method to be performed by a wearable playback device, the method comprising:
receiving data representing a first playback session swap input; based on receiving the data representing the first playback session swap input, identifying one or more source playback devices within a media playback system that are (a) connected to a first wireless local area network (LAN) and (b) playing back particular audio content in a playback session, wherein the wearable playback device is connected to the first wireless LAN via an 802.11-compatible network interface; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more source playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a first synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more source playback devices, wherein forming the first synchrony group causes the wearable playback device to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the wearable playback device comprises one or more microphones that are carried by one or more wearable housings, and wherein identifying the one or more source playback devices comprises:
identifying a set of swap-eligible playback devices in the media playback system; causing the set of swap-eligible playback devices to emit respective audio chirps that identify the emitting swap-eligible playback devices; detecting, via the one or more microphones, the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices; and selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices based on the audio chirp from the one or more source playback devices indicating that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one or more microphones comprise one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones carried on one or more exterior surfaces of the one or more wearable housings, and wherein detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices via the one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
comparing one or more respective metrics of the detected audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices to determine that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
while playing back audio content in the transitioned playback session, receiving data representing a second playback session swap input; based on the second playback session swap input, identifying one or more target playback devices within the media playback system that are connected to the first wireless LAN; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more target playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a second synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more target playback devices, wherein forming the second synchrony group causes the one or more target playback devices to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) removing the wearable playback device from the second synchrony group. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein one or more wearable housings of the wearable playback device comprise a touch-sensitive region, and wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving input data representing a touch-and-hold input on the touch-sensitive region. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface from a controller application on a mobile device, data representing instructions to perform a playback session swap. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop comprises:
after forming the synchrony group including the wearable playback device and one or more source devices, causing the one or more source devices to be removed from the synchrony group. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more source devices comprises a master playback device configured to play back multi-channel audio, and wherein transitioning the playback session comprises:
sending, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing instructions to enter a swap mode; receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing (i) a service set identifier (SSID) of a second wireless LAN, the second wireless LAN formed by the master playback device and (ii) credentials for the second wireless LAN; disconnecting from the first wireless LAN and connecting to the second wireless LAN via the 802.11-compatible network interface; and while connected to the second wireless LAN, receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface, data representing (i) playback timing information for the first synchrony group and (ii) the multi-channel audio. 20. A tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that are executable by at least one processor of a wearable playback device to cause the wearable playback device to perform functions comprising:
receiving data representing a first playback session swap input; based on receiving the data representing the first playback session swap input, identifying one or more source playback devices within a media playback system that are (a) connected to a first wireless local area network (LAN) and (b) playing back particular audio content in a playback session, wherein the wearable playback device is connected to the first wireless LAN via an 802.11-compatible network interface; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more source playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a first synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more source playback devices, wherein forming the first synchrony group causes the wearable playback device to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop. | Examples described herein relate to transitioning a playback session between portable playback devices such as “smart” headphones, earbuds, and handheld speakers with playback devices of a zone-based media playback system. Exemplary techniques facilitate continuity of playback when transitioning between locations (e.g., from at home to on-the-go or vice versa) or between listening paradigms (e.g., personal or out-loud playback of audio content). An example implementation includes detecting a swap trigger, determining the source playback device(s) and target playback device(s), and performing a playback session swap between the source playback device(s) and target playback device(s).1. A wearable playback device comprising:
one or more network interfaces, wherein the one or more network interfaces comprises an 802.11-compatible network interface; one or more transducers; one or more amplifiers configured to drive the one or more transducers; one or more batteries; one or more processors; one or more wearable housings, the one or more wearable housings carrying the one or more network interfaces, the one or more transducers, the one or more amplifiers, the one or more batteries, the one or more processors, and data storage having instructions stored thereon that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the wearable playback device to perform functions comprising:
receiving data representing a first playback session swap input;
based on receiving the data representing the first playback session swap input, identifying one or more source playback devices within a media playback system that are (a) connected to a first wireless local area network (LAN) and (b) playing back particular audio content in a playback session, wherein the wearable playback device is connected to the first wireless LAN via the 802.11-compatible network interface; and
transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more source playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a first synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more source playback devices, wherein forming the first synchrony group causes the wearable playback device to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop. 2. The wearable playback device of claim 1, further comprising one or more microphones that are carried by the one or more wearable housings, and wherein identifying the one or more source playback devices comprises:
identifying a set of swap-eligible playback devices in the media playback system; causing the set of swap-eligible playback devices to emit respective audio chirps that identify the emitting swap-eligible playback devices; detecting, via the one or more microphones, the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices; and selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices based on the audio chirp from the one or more source playback devices indicating that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 3. The wearable playback devices of claim 2, wherein the one or more microphones comprise one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones carried on one or more exterior surfaces of the one or more wearable housings, and wherein detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices via the one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones. 4. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
comparing one or more respective metrics of the detected audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices to determine that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 5. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
while playing back audio content in the transitioned playback session, receiving data representing a second playback session swap input; based on the second playback session swap input, identifying one or more target playback devices within the media playback system that are connected to the first wireless LAN; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more target playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a second synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more target playback devices, wherein forming the second synchrony group causes the one or more target playback devices to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) removing the wearable playback device from the second synchrony group. 6. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the one or more wearable housings comprise a touch-sensitive region, and wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving input data representing a touch-and-hold input on the touch-sensitive region. 7. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface from a controller application on a mobile device, data representing instructions to perform a playback session swap. 8. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop comprises:
after forming the synchrony group including the wearable playback device and one or more source devices, causing the one or more source devices to be removed from the synchrony group. 9. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the one or more source devices comprises a master playback device configured to play back multi-channel audio, and wherein transitioning the playback session comprises:
sending, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing instructions to enter a swap mode; receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing (i) a service set identifier (SSID) of a second wireless LAN, the second wireless LAN formed by the master playback device and (ii) credentials for the second wireless LAN; disconnecting from the first wireless LAN and connecting to the second wireless LAN via the 802.11-compatible network interface; and while connected to the second wireless LAN, receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface, data representing (i) playback timing information for the first synchrony group and (ii) the multi-channel audio. 10. The wearable playback device of claim 1, wherein the one or more wearable housings are formed into one of (a) headphones or (b) one or more earbuds. 11. A method to be performed by a wearable playback device, the method comprising:
receiving data representing a first playback session swap input; based on receiving the data representing the first playback session swap input, identifying one or more source playback devices within a media playback system that are (a) connected to a first wireless local area network (LAN) and (b) playing back particular audio content in a playback session, wherein the wearable playback device is connected to the first wireless LAN via an 802.11-compatible network interface; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more source playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a first synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more source playback devices, wherein forming the first synchrony group causes the wearable playback device to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the wearable playback device comprises one or more microphones that are carried by one or more wearable housings, and wherein identifying the one or more source playback devices comprises:
identifying a set of swap-eligible playback devices in the media playback system; causing the set of swap-eligible playback devices to emit respective audio chirps that identify the emitting swap-eligible playback devices; detecting, via the one or more microphones, the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices; and selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices based on the audio chirp from the one or more source playback devices indicating that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one or more microphones comprise one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones carried on one or more exterior surfaces of the one or more wearable housings, and wherein detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
detecting the audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices via the one or more acoustic noise cancelling microphones. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein selecting the one or more source playback devices from among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices comprises:
comparing one or more respective metrics of the detected audio chirps emitted by one or more swap-eligible playback devices to determine that the one or more source playback devices are physically nearest to the wearable playback device among the one or more swap-eligible playback devices. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
while playing back audio content in the transitioned playback session, receiving data representing a second playback session swap input; based on the second playback session swap input, identifying one or more target playback devices within the media playback system that are connected to the first wireless LAN; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more target playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a second synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more target playback devices, wherein forming the second synchrony group causes the one or more target playback devices to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) removing the wearable playback device from the second synchrony group. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein one or more wearable housings of the wearable playback device comprise a touch-sensitive region, and wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving input data representing a touch-and-hold input on the touch-sensitive region. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein receiving the data representing the playback session swap input comprises receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface from a controller application on a mobile device, data representing instructions to perform a playback session swap. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop comprises:
after forming the synchrony group including the wearable playback device and one or more source devices, causing the one or more source devices to be removed from the synchrony group. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more source devices comprises a master playback device configured to play back multi-channel audio, and wherein transitioning the playback session comprises:
sending, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing instructions to enter a swap mode; receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface to the master playback device, data representing (i) a service set identifier (SSID) of a second wireless LAN, the second wireless LAN formed by the master playback device and (ii) credentials for the second wireless LAN; disconnecting from the first wireless LAN and connecting to the second wireless LAN via the 802.11-compatible network interface; and while connected to the second wireless LAN, receiving, via the 802.11-compatible network interface, data representing (i) playback timing information for the first synchrony group and (ii) the multi-channel audio. 20. A tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that are executable by at least one processor of a wearable playback device to cause the wearable playback device to perform functions comprising:
receiving data representing a first playback session swap input; based on receiving the data representing the first playback session swap input, identifying one or more source playback devices within a media playback system that are (a) connected to a first wireless local area network (LAN) and (b) playing back particular audio content in a playback session, wherein the wearable playback device is connected to the first wireless LAN via an 802.11-compatible network interface; and transitioning the playback session from the determined one or more source playback devices to the wearable playback device, wherein transitioning the playback session comprises (i) forming a first synchrony group including the wearable playback device and the one or more source playback devices, wherein forming the first synchrony group causes the wearable playback device to start playing the particular audio content of the playback session, and (ii) causing playback of the particular audio content on the one or more source playback devices to stop. | 2,400 |
346,699 | 16,805,119 | 2,495 | An image forming apparatus includes first and second casings, a support portion, a control panel, and a USB port. The first casing houses an image forming unit and includes a sheet discharge tray configured to support a sheet discharged by a discharge roller. The second casing is disposed above the first casing, and houses an image scanner. The support portion is disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, and partially defines an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray. The control panel is disposed at the second casing. A downstream end portion of the control panel is positioned downstream of the discharge roller in a discharging direction. The USB port is positioned above the sheet discharge tray, and overlaps, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray. | 1. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
a first casing housing an image forming unit configured to form an image on a sheet, the first casing including a sheet discharge tray configured to support the sheet discharged by a discharge roller; a second casing disposed above the first casing, the second casing housing an image scanner configured to scan an image on a document; a support portion disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, the support portion partially defining an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray; a control panel disposed at the second casing, a downstream end portion of the control panel positioned downstream of the discharge roller in a discharging direction, the control panel configured to enable operations of the image forming unit and the image scanner; and a USB port configured to receive a USB device, the USB port being positioned above the sheet discharge tray and overlapping, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray. 2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port overlaps with the second casing when viewed from the front. 3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port is disposed at a downstream surface of the second casing in the discharging direction. 4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port is disposed at the control panel. 5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the USB port is disposed at a side surface of the control panel that extends toward the downstream end portion of the control panel in the discharging direction. 6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an indication positioned downstream of the USB port in the discharging direction, the indication indicating a location to which an external device is to be brought into proximity to establish short-range wireless communication between the image forming apparatus and the external device. 7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the USB port is located closer to one end of the image forming apparatus in a width direction perpendicular to the discharging direction than the other end of the image forming apparatus opposite to the one end in the width direction, and
the indication is located closer to the one end of the image forming apparatus in the width direction than the other end of the image forming apparatus. 8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a circuit board that enables the short-range wireless communication, the circuit board facing the indication. 9. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port is positioned such that at least a portion of the USB device inserted into the USB port is located between the downstream end portion of the control panel and a downstream end portion of the second casing in the discharging direction. 10. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
a first casing housing an image forming unit configured to form an image on a sheet, the first casing including a sheet discharge tray configured to support the sheet discharged by a discharge roller; a second casing disposed above the first casing, the second casing housing an image scanner configured to scan an image on a document; a support portion disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, the support portion partially defining an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray; a control panel disposed at the second casing, a front end portion of the control panel positioned forwardly of the discharge roller, the control panel configured to enable operations of the image forming unit and the image scanner; and a USB port configured to receive a USB device, the USB port being positioned above the sheet discharge tray and overlapping, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray. | An image forming apparatus includes first and second casings, a support portion, a control panel, and a USB port. The first casing houses an image forming unit and includes a sheet discharge tray configured to support a sheet discharged by a discharge roller. The second casing is disposed above the first casing, and houses an image scanner. The support portion is disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, and partially defines an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray. The control panel is disposed at the second casing. A downstream end portion of the control panel is positioned downstream of the discharge roller in a discharging direction. The USB port is positioned above the sheet discharge tray, and overlaps, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray.1. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
a first casing housing an image forming unit configured to form an image on a sheet, the first casing including a sheet discharge tray configured to support the sheet discharged by a discharge roller; a second casing disposed above the first casing, the second casing housing an image scanner configured to scan an image on a document; a support portion disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, the support portion partially defining an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray; a control panel disposed at the second casing, a downstream end portion of the control panel positioned downstream of the discharge roller in a discharging direction, the control panel configured to enable operations of the image forming unit and the image scanner; and a USB port configured to receive a USB device, the USB port being positioned above the sheet discharge tray and overlapping, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray. 2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port overlaps with the second casing when viewed from the front. 3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port is disposed at a downstream surface of the second casing in the discharging direction. 4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port is disposed at the control panel. 5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the USB port is disposed at a side surface of the control panel that extends toward the downstream end portion of the control panel in the discharging direction. 6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an indication positioned downstream of the USB port in the discharging direction, the indication indicating a location to which an external device is to be brought into proximity to establish short-range wireless communication between the image forming apparatus and the external device. 7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the USB port is located closer to one end of the image forming apparatus in a width direction perpendicular to the discharging direction than the other end of the image forming apparatus opposite to the one end in the width direction, and
the indication is located closer to the one end of the image forming apparatus in the width direction than the other end of the image forming apparatus. 8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a circuit board that enables the short-range wireless communication, the circuit board facing the indication. 9. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the USB port is positioned such that at least a portion of the USB device inserted into the USB port is located between the downstream end portion of the control panel and a downstream end portion of the second casing in the discharging direction. 10. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
a first casing housing an image forming unit configured to form an image on a sheet, the first casing including a sheet discharge tray configured to support the sheet discharged by a discharge roller; a second casing disposed above the first casing, the second casing housing an image scanner configured to scan an image on a document; a support portion disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, the support portion partially defining an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray; a control panel disposed at the second casing, a front end portion of the control panel positioned forwardly of the discharge roller, the control panel configured to enable operations of the image forming unit and the image scanner; and a USB port configured to receive a USB device, the USB port being positioned above the sheet discharge tray and overlapping, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray. | 2,400 |
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