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345,600 | 16,643,525 | 2,886 | The invention relates to an optoelectronic chip comprising the following elements: a light inlet; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, particularly a first photodiode, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light penetrating the optoelectronic chip via the light inlet, transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; and a second photoelectric element for measuring a second light intensity, particularly a second photodiode, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that the light penetrating the optoelectronic chip via the light inlet, which is reflected by the filter, hits the second photoelectric element. | 1. An optoelectrical chip, comprising:
a light inlet opening; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; a second photoelectric element, for measuring a second light intensity, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is reflected at the filter, hits the second photoelectric element. 2. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein the optical filter is a wavelength-sensitive transmission filter or edge filter. 3. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein a reflection surface of the optical filter is inclined relative to the propagation direction of the light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening. 4. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein the light path from the light inlet opening to the filter, the light path from the filter to the first photoelectric element, and the light path from the filter to the second photoelectric element each are free from further optical elements. 5. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, further comprising an evaluation circuit to which a first measurement signal from the first photoelectric element and a second measurement signal from the second photoelectric element are supplied, wherein the respective values of the measurement signals are associated with the respective measured light intensities,
wherein the evaluation circuit is configured to divide the value of the first measurement signal by the value of the second measurement signal in order to obtain a ratio value. 6. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 5,
wherein the evaluation circuit is further configured to relate the ratio value to a model of the optical filter in order to obtain a value associated with a spectrum of the light entering via the light inlet opening. 7. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 6, wherein the model of the optical filter comprises a calibrating model. 8. A measurement system including:
an optoelectrical chip comprising: a light inlet opening; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; and a second photoelectric element for measuring a second light intensity, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is reflected at the filter, hits the second photoelectric element, and an optical waveguide coupled to the light inlet opening, wherein the optical waveguide comprises at least one fiber Bragg grating. 9. A method for evaluating a reflection spectrum of a fiber Bragg grating, wherein the fiber Bragg grating is provided in an optical waveguide, and wherein an end of the optical waveguide is optically coupled to the light inlet opening of an optoelectrical chip, the optoelectrical chip comprising:
a light inlet opening; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; and a second photoelectric element for measuring a second light intensity, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is reflected at the filter, hits the second photoelectric element, the method comprising: measuring a transmission intensity of the light having entered via the light inlet opening and having passed the optical filter, by means of the first photoelectric element; measuring a reflection intensity of the light having entered via the light inlet opening and having been reflected at the optical filter, by means of the second photoelectric element; dividing the transmission intensity by the reflection intensity to obtain a ratio value; and relating the ratio value to a model of the optical filter to obtain a value associated with the reflection spectrum. 10. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein first photoelectric element is a first photodiode. 11. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein second photoelectric element is a second photodiode. 12. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein a reflection surface of the optical filter is inclined relative to the propagation direction of the light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening within an angular range from 10° to 80° relative to a perpendicular orientation of the reflection surface with respect to the propagation direction. 13. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein the light path from the light inlet opening to the filter, the light path from the filter to the first photoelectric element, and the light path from the filter to the second photoelectric element each are free from beam splitters. 14. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 6, wherein the model of the optical filter comprises a look-up table. | The invention relates to an optoelectronic chip comprising the following elements: a light inlet; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, particularly a first photodiode, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light penetrating the optoelectronic chip via the light inlet, transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; and a second photoelectric element for measuring a second light intensity, particularly a second photodiode, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that the light penetrating the optoelectronic chip via the light inlet, which is reflected by the filter, hits the second photoelectric element.1. An optoelectrical chip, comprising:
a light inlet opening; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; a second photoelectric element, for measuring a second light intensity, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is reflected at the filter, hits the second photoelectric element. 2. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein the optical filter is a wavelength-sensitive transmission filter or edge filter. 3. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein a reflection surface of the optical filter is inclined relative to the propagation direction of the light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening. 4. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein the light path from the light inlet opening to the filter, the light path from the filter to the first photoelectric element, and the light path from the filter to the second photoelectric element each are free from further optical elements. 5. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, further comprising an evaluation circuit to which a first measurement signal from the first photoelectric element and a second measurement signal from the second photoelectric element are supplied, wherein the respective values of the measurement signals are associated with the respective measured light intensities,
wherein the evaluation circuit is configured to divide the value of the first measurement signal by the value of the second measurement signal in order to obtain a ratio value. 6. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 5,
wherein the evaluation circuit is further configured to relate the ratio value to a model of the optical filter in order to obtain a value associated with a spectrum of the light entering via the light inlet opening. 7. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 6, wherein the model of the optical filter comprises a calibrating model. 8. A measurement system including:
an optoelectrical chip comprising: a light inlet opening; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; and a second photoelectric element for measuring a second light intensity, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is reflected at the filter, hits the second photoelectric element, and an optical waveguide coupled to the light inlet opening, wherein the optical waveguide comprises at least one fiber Bragg grating. 9. A method for evaluating a reflection spectrum of a fiber Bragg grating, wherein the fiber Bragg grating is provided in an optical waveguide, and wherein an end of the optical waveguide is optically coupled to the light inlet opening of an optoelectrical chip, the optoelectrical chip comprising:
a light inlet opening; a wavelength-sensitive optical filter; a first photoelectric element for measuring a first light intensity, the first photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is transmitted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element; and a second photoelectric element for measuring a second light intensity, the second photoelectric element being arranged such that light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening, which is reflected at the filter, hits the second photoelectric element, the method comprising: measuring a transmission intensity of the light having entered via the light inlet opening and having passed the optical filter, by means of the first photoelectric element; measuring a reflection intensity of the light having entered via the light inlet opening and having been reflected at the optical filter, by means of the second photoelectric element; dividing the transmission intensity by the reflection intensity to obtain a ratio value; and relating the ratio value to a model of the optical filter to obtain a value associated with the reflection spectrum. 10. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein first photoelectric element is a first photodiode. 11. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein second photoelectric element is a second photodiode. 12. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein a reflection surface of the optical filter is inclined relative to the propagation direction of the light entering into the optoelectrical chip via the light inlet opening within an angular range from 10° to 80° relative to a perpendicular orientation of the reflection surface with respect to the propagation direction. 13. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 1, wherein the light path from the light inlet opening to the filter, the light path from the filter to the first photoelectric element, and the light path from the filter to the second photoelectric element each are free from beam splitters. 14. The optoelectrical chip according to claim 6, wherein the model of the optical filter comprises a look-up table. | 2,800 |
345,601 | 16,804,022 | 1,611 | One kind of live bacteria preparation of bacillus coagulans, the aforesaid live bacteria preparation is in the form of tablets; such live bacteria tablet is made from the bacteria powder of bacillus coagulans HQ-1, subsequently coated with gelatin and cooled, then made with other pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients. The preparation method of such live bacteria preparation includes the following steps: preparing the pellet core coated with the bacteria powder; preparing the gelatin solution; wrapping the gelatin solution outside the pellet core, cooling to obtain the hard capsule; preparing the powder or pill with other pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients and syrup; pressing to form the tablets. Such live bacteria tablet can fully protect the effective ingredient bacteria powder in the stomach and intestine, allowing the coat to be melt when reaching the affected area, so as to ensure a high utilization rate of bacteria powder. | 1. The characteristics of the aforesaid live bacteria preparation of bacillus coagulans is its tablet form; this live bacterial tablet is made from the bacterial powder of bacillus coagulans HQ-1, which is coated with gelatin and cooled, and then made with other pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients. 2. Aright-claim for the preparation method of such live bacteria preparation, characterized by the following steps:
1) Take sucrose and purified water for heating and dissolving, and then cool down to obtain the syrup, ready for follow-up use; 2) Under room temperature, put the starch in the granulation, and power on the granulator; Meanwhile, spray syrup and the bacterial powder of bacillus coagulans HQ-1 until the required pellet cores are produced, and then take them out; 3) The core of the pellets shall be cooled under a temperature of 5-10° C. and be screened for follow-up use; 4) Take the medicine solid gelatin in the warm water bath and then cool it to room temperature to obtain the gel, ready for follow-up use; 5) Step 4) the gel shall be heated to obtain the solution; 6) Take the core of the pellet produced in the step 3, power on the pelletizer. Meanwhile, spray the solution made in the Step 5. Whenever the mixture is even, spray the cold gas into, the granulator till the gel is solidified, and obtain the pellet core wrapped with a hard capsule shell; 7) Weigh and take the pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients and pellet core in line with the formula proportion, spray the syrup made in step 1) during the granulating process. Whenever the mixture is even, and then press into being tablets. 2. According to right-claim 1, the characteristics of the preparation method is the individual mass proportion of the starch, sucrose and bacterial powder inside the in the pellet core in step 2), subject to the tablet formula. 3. According to right-claim 1, the characteristics of the preparation method is the individual mass proportion of pharmaceutical excipients, sucrose, starch and bacterial powder in the tablet in in step 7), subject to the tablet formula. | One kind of live bacteria preparation of bacillus coagulans, the aforesaid live bacteria preparation is in the form of tablets; such live bacteria tablet is made from the bacteria powder of bacillus coagulans HQ-1, subsequently coated with gelatin and cooled, then made with other pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients. The preparation method of such live bacteria preparation includes the following steps: preparing the pellet core coated with the bacteria powder; preparing the gelatin solution; wrapping the gelatin solution outside the pellet core, cooling to obtain the hard capsule; preparing the powder or pill with other pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients and syrup; pressing to form the tablets. Such live bacteria tablet can fully protect the effective ingredient bacteria powder in the stomach and intestine, allowing the coat to be melt when reaching the affected area, so as to ensure a high utilization rate of bacteria powder.1. The characteristics of the aforesaid live bacteria preparation of bacillus coagulans is its tablet form; this live bacterial tablet is made from the bacterial powder of bacillus coagulans HQ-1, which is coated with gelatin and cooled, and then made with other pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients. 2. Aright-claim for the preparation method of such live bacteria preparation, characterized by the following steps:
1) Take sucrose and purified water for heating and dissolving, and then cool down to obtain the syrup, ready for follow-up use; 2) Under room temperature, put the starch in the granulation, and power on the granulator; Meanwhile, spray syrup and the bacterial powder of bacillus coagulans HQ-1 until the required pellet cores are produced, and then take them out; 3) The core of the pellets shall be cooled under a temperature of 5-10° C. and be screened for follow-up use; 4) Take the medicine solid gelatin in the warm water bath and then cool it to room temperature to obtain the gel, ready for follow-up use; 5) Step 4) the gel shall be heated to obtain the solution; 6) Take the core of the pellet produced in the step 3, power on the pelletizer. Meanwhile, spray the solution made in the Step 5. Whenever the mixture is even, spray the cold gas into, the granulator till the gel is solidified, and obtain the pellet core wrapped with a hard capsule shell; 7) Weigh and take the pharmaceutical auxiliary ingredients and pellet core in line with the formula proportion, spray the syrup made in step 1) during the granulating process. Whenever the mixture is even, and then press into being tablets. 2. According to right-claim 1, the characteristics of the preparation method is the individual mass proportion of the starch, sucrose and bacterial powder inside the in the pellet core in step 2), subject to the tablet formula. 3. According to right-claim 1, the characteristics of the preparation method is the individual mass proportion of pharmaceutical excipients, sucrose, starch and bacterial powder in the tablet in in step 7), subject to the tablet formula. | 1,600 |
345,602 | 16,804,004 | 1,611 | A member locking structure includes: a first locking portion provided in a first member; and a second locking portion provided in a second member. The first locking portion and the second locking portion have a first locking face and a second locking face. The first locking face has a first inclined face and a first abutment portion. The second locking face has a second inclined face and a second abutment portion. The first inclined face contacts the second abutment portion and then the first abutment portion contacts the second inclined face, during a relative movement of the first member to the second member in an opposite direction to the locking direction from the locking state, to elastically deform the first locking portion in a direction opposite to lock on the second locking portion by the first inclined face and the second inclined face to release the locking state. | 1. A member locking structure comprising:
a first locking portion provided in a first member; and a second locking portion provided in a second member, the first locking portion being elastically deformed to climb over the second locking portion and elastically restored to be locked to the second locking portion upon a relative movement of the first member in a locking direction to the second member, the first locking portion and the second locking portion having a first locking face and a second locking face, the first locking face and the second locking face being opposed to each other upon the first locking portion being locked to the second locking portion to achieve a locking state, the first locking face having a first inclined face and a first abutment portion, the second locking face having a second inclined face and a second abutment portion, the first inclined face and the first abutment portion being disposed to be shifted from each other in a locking width direction intersecting both of the locking direction of the first member and an elastically-deforming direction of the first locking portion, the second inclined face being opposed to the first abutment portion and the second abutment portion being opposed to the first inclined face in the locking state, the first inclined face contacting and sliding on the second abutment portion and then the first abutment portion contacting and sliding on the second inclined face, upon a relative movement of the first member to the second member in an opposite direction to the locking direction from the locking state, to elastically deform the first locking portion in a direction opposite to lock on the second locking portion by the first inclined face and the second inclined face to release the locking state. 2. The member locking structure according to claim 1, wherein
the first inclined face and the first abutment portion are disposed to be shifted from each other in the locking direction, and the second inclined face and the second abutment portion are disposed to be shifted from each other in the locking direction, to partially overlap the first member and the second member each other in the locking state as viewed from the locking width direction. 3. The member locking structure according to claim 1, wherein
the second member is a connector housing, the first member is a fitting assurance member slidably attached to an outside of the connector housing to enable a sliding movement in the locking direction, the locking direction of the fitting assurance member is the same direction as a fitting direction of the connector housing to a counterpart connector housing, the second locking portion is elastically deformed to climb over a locked portion of the counterpart connector housing and elastically restored to be locked to the locked portion upon a movement of the connector housing in the fitting direction, the first locking portion is elastically deformed to climb over the locked portion and the second locking portion and elastically restored to be locked to the second locking portion upon the sliding movement of the fitting assurance member in the fitting direction relative to the connector housing in a connector fitting state where the second locking portion is locked to the locked portion. | A member locking structure includes: a first locking portion provided in a first member; and a second locking portion provided in a second member. The first locking portion and the second locking portion have a first locking face and a second locking face. The first locking face has a first inclined face and a first abutment portion. The second locking face has a second inclined face and a second abutment portion. The first inclined face contacts the second abutment portion and then the first abutment portion contacts the second inclined face, during a relative movement of the first member to the second member in an opposite direction to the locking direction from the locking state, to elastically deform the first locking portion in a direction opposite to lock on the second locking portion by the first inclined face and the second inclined face to release the locking state.1. A member locking structure comprising:
a first locking portion provided in a first member; and a second locking portion provided in a second member, the first locking portion being elastically deformed to climb over the second locking portion and elastically restored to be locked to the second locking portion upon a relative movement of the first member in a locking direction to the second member, the first locking portion and the second locking portion having a first locking face and a second locking face, the first locking face and the second locking face being opposed to each other upon the first locking portion being locked to the second locking portion to achieve a locking state, the first locking face having a first inclined face and a first abutment portion, the second locking face having a second inclined face and a second abutment portion, the first inclined face and the first abutment portion being disposed to be shifted from each other in a locking width direction intersecting both of the locking direction of the first member and an elastically-deforming direction of the first locking portion, the second inclined face being opposed to the first abutment portion and the second abutment portion being opposed to the first inclined face in the locking state, the first inclined face contacting and sliding on the second abutment portion and then the first abutment portion contacting and sliding on the second inclined face, upon a relative movement of the first member to the second member in an opposite direction to the locking direction from the locking state, to elastically deform the first locking portion in a direction opposite to lock on the second locking portion by the first inclined face and the second inclined face to release the locking state. 2. The member locking structure according to claim 1, wherein
the first inclined face and the first abutment portion are disposed to be shifted from each other in the locking direction, and the second inclined face and the second abutment portion are disposed to be shifted from each other in the locking direction, to partially overlap the first member and the second member each other in the locking state as viewed from the locking width direction. 3. The member locking structure according to claim 1, wherein
the second member is a connector housing, the first member is a fitting assurance member slidably attached to an outside of the connector housing to enable a sliding movement in the locking direction, the locking direction of the fitting assurance member is the same direction as a fitting direction of the connector housing to a counterpart connector housing, the second locking portion is elastically deformed to climb over a locked portion of the counterpart connector housing and elastically restored to be locked to the locked portion upon a movement of the connector housing in the fitting direction, the first locking portion is elastically deformed to climb over the locked portion and the second locking portion and elastically restored to be locked to the second locking portion upon the sliding movement of the fitting assurance member in the fitting direction relative to the connector housing in a connector fitting state where the second locking portion is locked to the locked portion. | 1,600 |
345,603 | 16,804,019 | 2,824 | According to an embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to suspend a first operation on the memory cell array while the first operation is being performed, to start a first read operation on the memory cell array, and to resume the suspended first operation at least after the first read operation has been started. Upon receipt of a first command, a setting as to whether or not to resume the suspended first operation in response to receipt of a second command is switched. The second command is different from the first command. | 1. A semiconductor memory device comprising:
a memory cell array; and a control circuit configured to:
suspend a first operation on the memory cell array while the first operation is being performed;
start a first read operation on the memory cell array; and
resume the suspended first operation at least after the first read operation has been started,
wherein, upon receipt of a first command, a setting as to whether or not to resume the suspended first operation in response to receipt of a second command is switched, the second command being different from the first command. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured to receive the first command by a start of output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured to receive the first command after the first operation is started. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation in accordance with completion of the first read operation. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the first read operation does not include output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device. 6. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation before output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device is completed. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to receive the second command after output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device is completed. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation after the output of the first data is completed. 9. The device according to claim 7, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation in accordance with completion of the first read operation. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein
the control circuit is configured to: resume, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, the suspended first operation after the output of the first data is competed; and resume, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, the suspended first operation before the output of the first data is completed. 11. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to: start a second read operation following the first read operation; and receive the second command at least after the second read operation is started. 12. The device according to claim 2, wherein
the control circuit is configured to: further perform a third read operation after the first operation is suspended and before the first read operation is started; receive the first command after output of second data read through the third read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device is completed, wherein the setting is switched, in response to the first command, so as not to resume the suspended first operation in response to receipt of the second command; and resume, the suspended first operation before the output of the first data is completed. 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first operation is a write operation or an erase operation. 14. A semiconductor memory device, comprising:
a memory cell array; and a control circuit configured to:
suspend a first operation on the memory cell array while the first operation is being performed;
start a first read operation on the memory cell array; and
resume, if a condition is satisfied after the first read operation has been started, the suspended first operation,
wherein the condition is switched between a first condition and a second condition different from the first condition, upon receipt of a first command by a start of output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device. 15. The device according to claim 14, wherein
the control circuit is configured to receive the first command after the first operation is started. 16. The device according to claim 14, wherein
the first condition includes receipt of a second command different from the first command. 17. The device according to claim 16, wherein
the second condition does not include receipt of the second command. 18. The device according to claim 16, wherein
the second condition includes a condition that the first read operation has been completed. 19. The device according to claim 18, wherein
the first read operation does not include the output of the first data. | According to an embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to suspend a first operation on the memory cell array while the first operation is being performed, to start a first read operation on the memory cell array, and to resume the suspended first operation at least after the first read operation has been started. Upon receipt of a first command, a setting as to whether or not to resume the suspended first operation in response to receipt of a second command is switched. The second command is different from the first command.1. A semiconductor memory device comprising:
a memory cell array; and a control circuit configured to:
suspend a first operation on the memory cell array while the first operation is being performed;
start a first read operation on the memory cell array; and
resume the suspended first operation at least after the first read operation has been started,
wherein, upon receipt of a first command, a setting as to whether or not to resume the suspended first operation in response to receipt of a second command is switched, the second command being different from the first command. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured to receive the first command by a start of output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured to receive the first command after the first operation is started. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation in accordance with completion of the first read operation. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the first read operation does not include output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device. 6. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation before output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device is completed. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to receive the second command after output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device is completed. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation after the output of the first data is completed. 9. The device according to claim 7, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to resume the suspended first operation in accordance with completion of the first read operation. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein
the control circuit is configured to: resume, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, the suspended first operation after the output of the first data is competed; and resume, if the suspended first operation is not resumed in response to receipt of the second command, the suspended first operation before the output of the first data is completed. 11. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the control circuit is configured, if the suspended first operation is resumed in response to receipt of the second command, to: start a second read operation following the first read operation; and receive the second command at least after the second read operation is started. 12. The device according to claim 2, wherein
the control circuit is configured to: further perform a third read operation after the first operation is suspended and before the first read operation is started; receive the first command after output of second data read through the third read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device is completed, wherein the setting is switched, in response to the first command, so as not to resume the suspended first operation in response to receipt of the second command; and resume, the suspended first operation before the output of the first data is completed. 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first operation is a write operation or an erase operation. 14. A semiconductor memory device, comprising:
a memory cell array; and a control circuit configured to:
suspend a first operation on the memory cell array while the first operation is being performed;
start a first read operation on the memory cell array; and
resume, if a condition is satisfied after the first read operation has been started, the suspended first operation,
wherein the condition is switched between a first condition and a second condition different from the first condition, upon receipt of a first command by a start of output of first data read through the first read operation to an outside of the semiconductor memory device. 15. The device according to claim 14, wherein
the control circuit is configured to receive the first command after the first operation is started. 16. The device according to claim 14, wherein
the first condition includes receipt of a second command different from the first command. 17. The device according to claim 16, wherein
the second condition does not include receipt of the second command. 18. The device according to claim 16, wherein
the second condition includes a condition that the first read operation has been completed. 19. The device according to claim 18, wherein
the first read operation does not include the output of the first data. | 2,800 |
345,604 | 16,804,010 | 2,824 | A rotor includes a rotor core, a shaft rotated integrally with the rotor core and having an axial center cooling path through which a coolant is able to flow, a plate member having a first flow path which flows the coolant flowing through the axial center cooling path to an outer circumferential section of the rotor core, a permanent magnet disposed on the outer circumferential section of the rotor core, a filament winding layer wound on an outer circumferential section of the permanent magnet, and a cylindrical body disposed on an outer circumferential section of the filament winding layer. | 1. A rotor comprising:
a rotor core; a shaft that is configured to rotate integrally with the rotor core and that includes an axial center cooling path through which a coolant is able to flow; a plate member having a first flow path which flows the coolant flowing through the axial center cooling path to an outer circumferential section of the rotor core; a permanent magnet disposed on the outer circumferential section of the rotor core; a filament winding layer wound on an outer circumferential section of the permanent magnet; and a cylindrical body disposed on an outer circumferential section of the filament winding layer. 2. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the filament winding layer is wound in a circumferential direction of the rotor core, and
an inner circumferential side flow path in communication with the first flow path is provided in an inner circumferential section of the cylindrical body. 3. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the inner circumferential side flow path is formed in a spiral shape. 4. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the plate member includes an oil path plate disposed in a middle section of the rotor in an axial direction, and
as advancing from a downstream side toward an upstream side in a rotating direction of the rotor, the inner circumferential side flow path is inclined so as to direct toward an outside in the axial direction from a central section side in the axial direction. 5. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein an outer circumferential side flow path formed in a spiral shape is provided in an outer circumferential section of the cylindrical body. 6. The rotor according to claim 5, wherein the inner circumferential side flow path and the outer circumferential side flow path are formed to be parallel to each other. 7. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body is a non-magnetic body. 8. A rotating electrical machine comprising:
the rotor according to claim 1; and a stator disposed on an outer circumferential section of the rotor. | A rotor includes a rotor core, a shaft rotated integrally with the rotor core and having an axial center cooling path through which a coolant is able to flow, a plate member having a first flow path which flows the coolant flowing through the axial center cooling path to an outer circumferential section of the rotor core, a permanent magnet disposed on the outer circumferential section of the rotor core, a filament winding layer wound on an outer circumferential section of the permanent magnet, and a cylindrical body disposed on an outer circumferential section of the filament winding layer.1. A rotor comprising:
a rotor core; a shaft that is configured to rotate integrally with the rotor core and that includes an axial center cooling path through which a coolant is able to flow; a plate member having a first flow path which flows the coolant flowing through the axial center cooling path to an outer circumferential section of the rotor core; a permanent magnet disposed on the outer circumferential section of the rotor core; a filament winding layer wound on an outer circumferential section of the permanent magnet; and a cylindrical body disposed on an outer circumferential section of the filament winding layer. 2. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the filament winding layer is wound in a circumferential direction of the rotor core, and
an inner circumferential side flow path in communication with the first flow path is provided in an inner circumferential section of the cylindrical body. 3. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the inner circumferential side flow path is formed in a spiral shape. 4. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the plate member includes an oil path plate disposed in a middle section of the rotor in an axial direction, and
as advancing from a downstream side toward an upstream side in a rotating direction of the rotor, the inner circumferential side flow path is inclined so as to direct toward an outside in the axial direction from a central section side in the axial direction. 5. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein an outer circumferential side flow path formed in a spiral shape is provided in an outer circumferential section of the cylindrical body. 6. The rotor according to claim 5, wherein the inner circumferential side flow path and the outer circumferential side flow path are formed to be parallel to each other. 7. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body is a non-magnetic body. 8. A rotating electrical machine comprising:
the rotor according to claim 1; and a stator disposed on an outer circumferential section of the rotor. | 2,800 |
345,605 | 16,804,005 | 3,784 | An exercise machine suitable for exercising a person's muscles contains a frame (100), a seat (102) situated over the frame, a seatback (104 or 104U), a connection mechanism (106 or 106U) for flexibly and adjustably connecting the seatback to the frame or/and the seat, and a pedaling mechanism (114 or 220) connectable to the frame and having a pair of movable pedals (140 or 224). The seatback is typically capable of swiveling. The pedals can revolve or translate back and forth. Another exercise machine contains a handle-translating mechanism (220) having a pair of handles (274) that translate back and forth. The frame, seat, seatback, and connection mechanism typically in combination with one or more pairs of handles (108, 110, 240, 242, and 252) form an exercise bench. | 1-24. (canceled) 25. An exercise bench comprising:
a frame; a seat situated over, and distinct from, the frame; a seatback; and a connection mechanism for adjustably and/or flexibly connecting the seatback to the frame or/and the seat; and at least three pairs of handles, each pair of handles connected to the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism, each pair of handles separate and distinct from each other pair of handles. 26. A bench as in claim 25 wherein the handles in at least one of the pairs are turnable. 27-28. (canceled) 29. A bench as in claim 25 wherein one of the pairs of handles is connected to the seatback at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the seatback. 30. A bench as in claim 25 wherein the seatback has (i) a first transverse edge closest to the seat and (ii) a second transverse edge opposite the first edge and thereby farthest from the seat, one of the pairs of handles being connected to the seatback at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the seatback in close proximity to its second edge. 31. A bench as in claim 25 further including at least one additional pair of handles connected to the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism. 32. A bench as in claim 25 further including at least two additional pairs of handles connected to the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism. 33. A bench as in claim 25 wherein the frame comprises a main frame structure and a pair of frame legs connected to the main frame structure. 34. A bench as in claim 33 wherein the frame legs are flexibly connected to the main frame structure, each frame leg switchable between (a) an extended position in which extended-position surface area of that leg substantially contacts the underlying surface and (b) a retracted position in which retracted-position surface area of that leg substantially contacts the underlying surface such that the main frame structure is farther from the underlying surface when the legs are in their extended positions than when the legs are in their retracted positions. 35. A bench in claim 33 wherein:
the main frame structure has a front end and a back end opposite the front end;
a front one of the frame legs is flexibly connected to the main frame structure at or near its front end; and
a back one of the frame legs is flexibly connected to the main frame structure at or near its back end. 36. A bench as in claim 33 wherein each frame leg comprises:
a pair of elongated side members, each having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the side members being flexibly connected to the main frame structure at their
a cross member connected to the side members. | An exercise machine suitable for exercising a person's muscles contains a frame (100), a seat (102) situated over the frame, a seatback (104 or 104U), a connection mechanism (106 or 106U) for flexibly and adjustably connecting the seatback to the frame or/and the seat, and a pedaling mechanism (114 or 220) connectable to the frame and having a pair of movable pedals (140 or 224). The seatback is typically capable of swiveling. The pedals can revolve or translate back and forth. Another exercise machine contains a handle-translating mechanism (220) having a pair of handles (274) that translate back and forth. The frame, seat, seatback, and connection mechanism typically in combination with one or more pairs of handles (108, 110, 240, 242, and 252) form an exercise bench.1-24. (canceled) 25. An exercise bench comprising:
a frame; a seat situated over, and distinct from, the frame; a seatback; and a connection mechanism for adjustably and/or flexibly connecting the seatback to the frame or/and the seat; and at least three pairs of handles, each pair of handles connected to the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism, each pair of handles separate and distinct from each other pair of handles. 26. A bench as in claim 25 wherein the handles in at least one of the pairs are turnable. 27-28. (canceled) 29. A bench as in claim 25 wherein one of the pairs of handles is connected to the seatback at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the seatback. 30. A bench as in claim 25 wherein the seatback has (i) a first transverse edge closest to the seat and (ii) a second transverse edge opposite the first edge and thereby farthest from the seat, one of the pairs of handles being connected to the seatback at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the seatback in close proximity to its second edge. 31. A bench as in claim 25 further including at least one additional pair of handles connected to the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism. 32. A bench as in claim 25 further including at least two additional pairs of handles connected to the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism at generally symmetrical locations on opposite sides of the frame, the seat, the seatback, or/and the connection mechanism. 33. A bench as in claim 25 wherein the frame comprises a main frame structure and a pair of frame legs connected to the main frame structure. 34. A bench as in claim 33 wherein the frame legs are flexibly connected to the main frame structure, each frame leg switchable between (a) an extended position in which extended-position surface area of that leg substantially contacts the underlying surface and (b) a retracted position in which retracted-position surface area of that leg substantially contacts the underlying surface such that the main frame structure is farther from the underlying surface when the legs are in their extended positions than when the legs are in their retracted positions. 35. A bench in claim 33 wherein:
the main frame structure has a front end and a back end opposite the front end;
a front one of the frame legs is flexibly connected to the main frame structure at or near its front end; and
a back one of the frame legs is flexibly connected to the main frame structure at or near its back end. 36. A bench as in claim 33 wherein each frame leg comprises:
a pair of elongated side members, each having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the side members being flexibly connected to the main frame structure at their
a cross member connected to the side members. | 3,700 |
345,606 | 16,643,483 | 3,784 | A composite structural board is disclosed, which comprises a face plate (2), the face plate (2) having a main body portion (2c) that is substantially in one plane and a peripheral portion (2a) surround the main body portion formed by bending the main body portion downwards, the face plate (2) having an upper surface and a lower surface; the board further comprising a base plate (3) provided with a plurality of substantially uniformly distributed and integrally formed protrusions, the lower surface of the face plate (2) being attached to and supported on top faces of the protrusions; and the board further comprising a stiffener (4) for fixedly connecting the peripheral portion (2a) of the face plate (2) and the base plate (3) together, wherein at least a part of the stiffener (4) is fixedly connected to the base plate (3), and at least another part of the stiffener (4) is fixedly connected to at least a part of a lower surface of the peripheral portion (2a) of the face plate. With the above-described structure, the strength of the composite structural board can be further increased while the number of components is reduced, and the production costs are greatly lowered. | 1. A composite structural board, comprising:
a face plate (2) comprising a main body portion (2 c) that is substantially flat and a peripheral portion (2 a) surround the main body portion formed by the main body portion (2 c) extending downwards, the face plate (2) having an upper surface and a lower surface; a base plate (3) provided with a plurality of protrusions (3 a) which are substantially uniformly distributed and integrally formed, the lower surface of the face plate (2) is attached to and supported on top faces of the protrusions (3 a); and a stiffener (4) for connecting the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) and the base plate (3), wherein a cross-section of the stiffener (4) is of a closed frame shape, at least a part of the closed frame shaped cross-section is connected to a bottom surface of the base plate (3), and at least a part of a vertical surface of the stiffener (4) located outside is connected to at least a part of a lower surface of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate. 2. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) is configured to extends downwards along a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2 c) to form an extension portion, the stiffener (4) is configured with a hollow structure with a rectangular cross-section, a top surface of the stiffener (4) is substantially parallel to the main body portion (2 c) of the face plate (2) and abuts against a lower surface of the base plate (3) to be fixed closely with the lower surface of the base plate (3), and a lower end of the vertical surface is configured to protrude outwards along a horizontal direction to form an integral flange (4 a) onto which a free end (2 b) of the extension portion of the face plate (2) is supported, such that an end of the flange (4 a) is substantially flush with an outer surface of the extension portion. 3. The composite structural board according to claim 2, wherein an outer periphery of the base plate (3) is a flat portion without protrusions, the flat portion is recessed in a direction towards the base face plate (2) to form a recess portion (3 b) with a flat bottom surface, the recess portion has a width greater than that of the stiffener (4), and a top surface of the stiffener (4) is connected with the bottom surface of the recess portion (3 b) of the base plate (3). 4. The composite structural board according to claim 2, wherein an outer periphery of the base plate (3) is a flat portion without protrusions, a top surface of the flat portion and the top surfaces of protrusions are in a same plane, and the flat portion is clamped between the top surface of the stiffener (4) and the lower surface of the face plate (2). 5. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the stiffener (4) presents a hollow frame structure (4) with an upright L shape, a side of the L shape being located at an innermost side relative to the peripheral portion of the face plate (2) and perpendicular to the face plate (2), a lowermost end of a stepped surface located outside the L-shaped hollow frame structure protruding outwards along a horizontal direction to form an integral flange (4 a); the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) is bent downwards along a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2 c) to form a stepped extension portion, the step portion matching the stepped surface of the L-shaped frame structure in shape, a free end (2 b) of the extension portion being supported on the flange (4 a) such that an end of the flange (4 a) is substantially flush with an outer surface of the extension portion; and an outer periphery of the base plate (3) is a flat portion without protrusions, the flat portion being clamped between a top surface of the stiffener (4) and the lower surface of the face plate (2). 6. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of the face plate (2) is adhered to and supported on the top surfaces of the protrusions (3 a) by thermal welding. 7. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the section of the stiffener (4) is configured with a frame structure of a substantially double-L shape, the double-L shape having a common vertical side which extends along a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2) until abutting against the lower surface of the face plate (2), and the vertical side is located at an inner side of the peripheral portion (2 a) and extends along and against an inner surface of the peripheral portion (2 a), a bottom side of a L-shaped structure located outside the double-L shape and extending laterally outwards being bent upwards around a lowermost end of an extension portion of the peripheral portion (2 a) to wrap a bottom edge of the peripheral portion (2 a). 8. The composite structural board according to claim 7, wherein an end of the vertical side of the double-L shape is bent horizontally inwards along a direction substantially parallel to the main body portion (2 c) to press against an edge of the base plate (3). 9. The composite structural board according to claim 7, wherein a wrapped region of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) occupies a fifth, a quarter, or a third of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2 c). 10. The composite structural board according to claim 7, wherein the bottom side wraps the whole edge of the peripheral portion (2 a) along a circumferential direction of the face plate (2), or wraps at intervals the edge of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate. 11. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the face plate is a vacuum-formed plastic plate or injection-molded plastic plate while the base plate with uniformly distributed protrusions is an integral vacuum-formed plastic plate. 12. The composite structural board according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive for attaching the face plate (2) to the base plate (3). 13. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the stiffener (4) is formed of metal or rigid plastic. 14. The composite structural board according to claim 13, wherein the stiffener formed of metal is obtained by bending or rolling a metal sheet. 15. The composite structural board according to claim 13, wherein the stiffener (4) is formed of steel. 16. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein a top surface (1 a) of the face plate (2) bears a texture of natural wood or stone. 17. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the face plate (2) is formed thereon with a recessed hand-clasping feature (5). 18. The composite structural board according to claim 17, wherein the hand-clasping feature (5) is configured to conform to ergonomics. 19. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the stiffener (4) is formed by stretching and then crimping or bending. 20. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the composite structural board is of a rectangular shape. 21. The composite structural board according to claim 2 or 5, wherein a flange (4 a) of the stiffener is provided at its lower side with a wing (4 b) extending downwards therefrom. 22. A box, comprising a box body consisting of a front side panel, a rear side panel, a left side panel, a right side panel and a floor panel, wherein at least one of the side panels is formed of the composite structural board according to any one of claims 1-21. 23. The box according to claim 22, wherein the box comprises:
support platforms (331) respectively formed by bottom stiffeners of the front side panel, the rear side panel, the left side panel and the right side panel; positioning edges (321) respectively formed by a peripheral portion of the floor panel extending horizontally outwards and respectively located on the support platform of the respective side panels; and floor panel fixing members (340) configured to pass through fixing holes formed in the positioning edges and corresponding mounting holes formed in the support platforms, to fix the positioning edges onto the support platforms. 24. The box according to claim 23, wherein adjacent side panels are provided with a limit post (350) and a limit hole (360), respectively, wherein the limit post is configured to snap into the limit hole, so that the adjacent side panels are able to connect with each other a detachably. 25. The box according to claim 24, wherein the left side panel and the right side panel are located between the front side panel and the rear side panel, and a respective sides of the left side panel and the right side panel are provided with limit posts, and inner sides of the front side panel and the rear side panel are provided with limit holes flared from top to bottom at respective positions. 26. The box according to claim 23, wherein a middle portion of the floor panel is recessed downwards relative to the positioning edges. 27. The box according to claim 26, wherein the middle portion of the floor panel is formed with a plurality of recessed portions arranged regularly. 28. The box according to claim 23, wherein the floor panel fixing members are formed of plastic. 29. The box according to claim 22, further comprising a box lid openable from a top of the box body, wherein a rear portion of the box lid is pivotably connected to the rear side panel of the box body. 30. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box lid is pivotably connected to the rear side panel via a detachable hinge assembly, the hinge assembly comprising:
a first hinge member (411) fixed to a bottom of a rear stiffener of the box lid; a second hinge member (421) fixed into a recess (426) that is formed at a rear side of a top stiffener of the rear side panel of the box body; and a pivot member (430) pivotably connected the first hinge member to the second hinge member. 31. The box according to claim 30, wherein the first hinge member and the second hinge member are of the same shape, and both comprise a fixing portion (413; 423) engaged with and fixed to the box lid or the box body, and one or more pivot portions (412; 422) extending perpendicularly to the fixing portion, wherein the pivot portions are provided therein with through holes (414; 424) extending in parallel with the fixing portion for pivotably receiving a pivot. 32. The box according to claim 31, wherein, when there are multiple pivot portions, the pivot portions are spaced apart along the fixing portion and the space between the pivot portions is set to receive a respective pivot portion, and the through holes in the pivot portions are coaxial to one another. 33. The box according to claim 31, wherein the pivot is provided at a proximal end with a flange (432) having a size greater than the size of the through hole of the pivot portion, and the pivot at its distal end is provided with one or more cutouts (438) extending from distal to proximal such that the distal end of the pivot forms a plurality of resilient arms (434) extending from proximal to distal and being capable of bending radially inwards, wherein a radial outer surface of each resilient arm is provided thereon with a protruding portion (436) which is configured to pass through the through hole of the pivot portion when the resilient arm is at a bent state, and not to pass the through hole of the pivot portion when the resilient arm is at a stretched state. 34. The box according to claim 33, wherein each of the cutouts is tapered from distal to proximal and finally forms a smooth transition. 35. The box according to claim 33, wherein the protrusion portion has a distal guiding bevel (4362) and a proximal guiding bevel (4364). 36. The box according to claim 30, wherein the hinge assembly is formed of plastic. 37. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box lid and the box body are provided with a locking assembly, the locking assembly comprising:
a first locking member (530) fixed to a front portion of the box lid; a second locking member (550) fixed to the front side panel of the box body; and a third locking member (54) configured to be pivotably mounted to the first locking member. 38. The box according to claim 37, wherein the first locking member is plugged into a bottom of a front stiffener of the box lid via snap-fit means (531) at its top to form an inverted U shape as a whole, and a top stiffener of the front side panel of the box body is configured to be at least partially received in a recess of the inverted U shape when the box lid is closed. 39. The box according to claim 38, wherein the first locking member is provided at its front portion with a horizontal connecting rod (532), and the third locking member is provided at its top with a hook (541) which is configured to hook onto the horizontal connecting rod and pivot around the same in a certain range. 40. The box according to claim 39, wherein the second locking member is plugged into the front side of the top stiffener of the front side panel of the box body via snap-fit means (551) at its rear side, a top portion of the second locking member is bent rearwards to form a horizontal bent portion (552) located at a step portion (5127) formed at the top of the front side panel of the box body, and the second locking member and the third locking member are configured to be latched or locked together when the box lid is closed. 41. The box according to claim 37, wherein the locking assembly is formed of plastic. 42. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box is provided with a foldable limit member (640) for limiting an open angle of the box lid relative to the box body, and wherein the foldable limit member is an elongated rod-like member that includes a first end (643) pivotably fixed at a position on an inner side of a side stiffener of the box lid at a distance from a pivot portion of the box lid, a second end (643) opposite the first end (643) pivotably fixed at a position on an inner side of a top stiffener of the respective side panel of the box body at a distance from the pivot portion of the box lid, and a bendable resilient body portion extending between the first end and the second end. 43. The box according to claim 42, wherein a length of the foldable limit member is sized such that a maximum open angle of the box lid relative to the box body is greater than 90° and less than 180°. 44. The box according to claim 43, wherein the body portion is of a flat strip shape suitable for bending, and the first end and the second end are flat end portions perpendicular to the body portion. 45. The box according to claim 44, wherein the first end and the second end each comprises a lateral protruding portion (641), and receiving holes (6122; 6222) for receiving the protruding portions are disposed at corresponding positions of the stiffeners of the left side panel and/or the right side panel of the box body. 46. The box according to claim 42, wherein the foldable limit member is a one-piece plastic member. 47. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box is provided with a self-positioning assembly configured to arbitrarily remain an open angle of the box lid relative to the box body, the self-positioning assembly comprising:
a holder (720) fixed onto the top stiffeners of the left side panel and/or the right side panel of the box body, wherein the holder provided therein with a chute (721) extending along the vertical direction through a top and a bottom surfaces of the holder, and a retaining hole (722) extending along a horizontal direction to communicate with the chute and pass through a side surface of the holder facing the inside of the box body; a support rod (710) having a first end hinged to a respective side stiffener of the box lid and a second end extending through the chute, wherein the support rod is configured to slide and swing in the chute; and a fastening assembly disposed in the retaining hole for applying a pressure to the support rod, wherein the fastening assembly is configured to adjust the magnitude of the pressure. 48. The box according to claim 47, wherein an inner surface of the retaining hole is provided with an internal thread, the fastening assembly comprising:
a compression block (730) disposed in the retaining hole and being movable along the retaining hole; a bolt (770) having an external thread which is configured to match with the internal thread of the retaining hole; and a resilient piece (760) disposed in the retaining hole between the compression block and the bolt, which is configured to apply a resilient force to the compression block. 49. The box according to claim 48, wherein the resilient piece is a compression spring, the compression block is provided thereon with a boss, and the compression spring is nested at one end onto the boss and abuts at the other end against an end of the bolt. 50. The box according to claim 49, wherein the second end of the support rod is provided with a stopper (711) for preventing the support rod from sliding out of the chute. 51. The box according to claim 50, wherein the self-positioning assembly further comprises a hinge base (780) connected to the side stiffener of the box lid, and the first end of the support rod is hinged to the hinge base. 52. The box according to claim 51, wherein the hinge base is provided with positioning pins (781), and the side stiffener of the box lid is provided thereon with a plurality of positioning holes (7521) distributed along its longitudinal direction for receiving the positioning pins. 53. The box according to claim 52, wherein the top stiffeners of the left side panel and/or the right side panel of the box body are provided with locking grooves into which the holder can be mounted. 54. The box according to claim 53, wherein the self-positioning assembly is located within a receiving space formed by the box body and the box lid when the lid is closed. 55. The box according to claim 47, wherein the support rod, the holder and the hinge base are all formed of plastic. | A composite structural board is disclosed, which comprises a face plate (2), the face plate (2) having a main body portion (2c) that is substantially in one plane and a peripheral portion (2a) surround the main body portion formed by bending the main body portion downwards, the face plate (2) having an upper surface and a lower surface; the board further comprising a base plate (3) provided with a plurality of substantially uniformly distributed and integrally formed protrusions, the lower surface of the face plate (2) being attached to and supported on top faces of the protrusions; and the board further comprising a stiffener (4) for fixedly connecting the peripheral portion (2a) of the face plate (2) and the base plate (3) together, wherein at least a part of the stiffener (4) is fixedly connected to the base plate (3), and at least another part of the stiffener (4) is fixedly connected to at least a part of a lower surface of the peripheral portion (2a) of the face plate. With the above-described structure, the strength of the composite structural board can be further increased while the number of components is reduced, and the production costs are greatly lowered.1. A composite structural board, comprising:
a face plate (2) comprising a main body portion (2 c) that is substantially flat and a peripheral portion (2 a) surround the main body portion formed by the main body portion (2 c) extending downwards, the face plate (2) having an upper surface and a lower surface; a base plate (3) provided with a plurality of protrusions (3 a) which are substantially uniformly distributed and integrally formed, the lower surface of the face plate (2) is attached to and supported on top faces of the protrusions (3 a); and a stiffener (4) for connecting the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) and the base plate (3), wherein a cross-section of the stiffener (4) is of a closed frame shape, at least a part of the closed frame shaped cross-section is connected to a bottom surface of the base plate (3), and at least a part of a vertical surface of the stiffener (4) located outside is connected to at least a part of a lower surface of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate. 2. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) is configured to extends downwards along a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2 c) to form an extension portion, the stiffener (4) is configured with a hollow structure with a rectangular cross-section, a top surface of the stiffener (4) is substantially parallel to the main body portion (2 c) of the face plate (2) and abuts against a lower surface of the base plate (3) to be fixed closely with the lower surface of the base plate (3), and a lower end of the vertical surface is configured to protrude outwards along a horizontal direction to form an integral flange (4 a) onto which a free end (2 b) of the extension portion of the face plate (2) is supported, such that an end of the flange (4 a) is substantially flush with an outer surface of the extension portion. 3. The composite structural board according to claim 2, wherein an outer periphery of the base plate (3) is a flat portion without protrusions, the flat portion is recessed in a direction towards the base face plate (2) to form a recess portion (3 b) with a flat bottom surface, the recess portion has a width greater than that of the stiffener (4), and a top surface of the stiffener (4) is connected with the bottom surface of the recess portion (3 b) of the base plate (3). 4. The composite structural board according to claim 2, wherein an outer periphery of the base plate (3) is a flat portion without protrusions, a top surface of the flat portion and the top surfaces of protrusions are in a same plane, and the flat portion is clamped between the top surface of the stiffener (4) and the lower surface of the face plate (2). 5. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the stiffener (4) presents a hollow frame structure (4) with an upright L shape, a side of the L shape being located at an innermost side relative to the peripheral portion of the face plate (2) and perpendicular to the face plate (2), a lowermost end of a stepped surface located outside the L-shaped hollow frame structure protruding outwards along a horizontal direction to form an integral flange (4 a); the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) is bent downwards along a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2 c) to form a stepped extension portion, the step portion matching the stepped surface of the L-shaped frame structure in shape, a free end (2 b) of the extension portion being supported on the flange (4 a) such that an end of the flange (4 a) is substantially flush with an outer surface of the extension portion; and an outer periphery of the base plate (3) is a flat portion without protrusions, the flat portion being clamped between a top surface of the stiffener (4) and the lower surface of the face plate (2). 6. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of the face plate (2) is adhered to and supported on the top surfaces of the protrusions (3 a) by thermal welding. 7. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the section of the stiffener (4) is configured with a frame structure of a substantially double-L shape, the double-L shape having a common vertical side which extends along a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2) until abutting against the lower surface of the face plate (2), and the vertical side is located at an inner side of the peripheral portion (2 a) and extends along and against an inner surface of the peripheral portion (2 a), a bottom side of a L-shaped structure located outside the double-L shape and extending laterally outwards being bent upwards around a lowermost end of an extension portion of the peripheral portion (2 a) to wrap a bottom edge of the peripheral portion (2 a). 8. The composite structural board according to claim 7, wherein an end of the vertical side of the double-L shape is bent horizontally inwards along a direction substantially parallel to the main body portion (2 c) to press against an edge of the base plate (3). 9. The composite structural board according to claim 7, wherein a wrapped region of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate (2) occupies a fifth, a quarter, or a third of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the main body portion (2 c). 10. The composite structural board according to claim 7, wherein the bottom side wraps the whole edge of the peripheral portion (2 a) along a circumferential direction of the face plate (2), or wraps at intervals the edge of the peripheral portion (2 a) of the face plate. 11. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the face plate is a vacuum-formed plastic plate or injection-molded plastic plate while the base plate with uniformly distributed protrusions is an integral vacuum-formed plastic plate. 12. The composite structural board according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive for attaching the face plate (2) to the base plate (3). 13. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the stiffener (4) is formed of metal or rigid plastic. 14. The composite structural board according to claim 13, wherein the stiffener formed of metal is obtained by bending or rolling a metal sheet. 15. The composite structural board according to claim 13, wherein the stiffener (4) is formed of steel. 16. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein a top surface (1 a) of the face plate (2) bears a texture of natural wood or stone. 17. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the face plate (2) is formed thereon with a recessed hand-clasping feature (5). 18. The composite structural board according to claim 17, wherein the hand-clasping feature (5) is configured to conform to ergonomics. 19. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the stiffener (4) is formed by stretching and then crimping or bending. 20. The composite structural board according to claim 1, wherein the composite structural board is of a rectangular shape. 21. The composite structural board according to claim 2 or 5, wherein a flange (4 a) of the stiffener is provided at its lower side with a wing (4 b) extending downwards therefrom. 22. A box, comprising a box body consisting of a front side panel, a rear side panel, a left side panel, a right side panel and a floor panel, wherein at least one of the side panels is formed of the composite structural board according to any one of claims 1-21. 23. The box according to claim 22, wherein the box comprises:
support platforms (331) respectively formed by bottom stiffeners of the front side panel, the rear side panel, the left side panel and the right side panel; positioning edges (321) respectively formed by a peripheral portion of the floor panel extending horizontally outwards and respectively located on the support platform of the respective side panels; and floor panel fixing members (340) configured to pass through fixing holes formed in the positioning edges and corresponding mounting holes formed in the support platforms, to fix the positioning edges onto the support platforms. 24. The box according to claim 23, wherein adjacent side panels are provided with a limit post (350) and a limit hole (360), respectively, wherein the limit post is configured to snap into the limit hole, so that the adjacent side panels are able to connect with each other a detachably. 25. The box according to claim 24, wherein the left side panel and the right side panel are located between the front side panel and the rear side panel, and a respective sides of the left side panel and the right side panel are provided with limit posts, and inner sides of the front side panel and the rear side panel are provided with limit holes flared from top to bottom at respective positions. 26. The box according to claim 23, wherein a middle portion of the floor panel is recessed downwards relative to the positioning edges. 27. The box according to claim 26, wherein the middle portion of the floor panel is formed with a plurality of recessed portions arranged regularly. 28. The box according to claim 23, wherein the floor panel fixing members are formed of plastic. 29. The box according to claim 22, further comprising a box lid openable from a top of the box body, wherein a rear portion of the box lid is pivotably connected to the rear side panel of the box body. 30. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box lid is pivotably connected to the rear side panel via a detachable hinge assembly, the hinge assembly comprising:
a first hinge member (411) fixed to a bottom of a rear stiffener of the box lid; a second hinge member (421) fixed into a recess (426) that is formed at a rear side of a top stiffener of the rear side panel of the box body; and a pivot member (430) pivotably connected the first hinge member to the second hinge member. 31. The box according to claim 30, wherein the first hinge member and the second hinge member are of the same shape, and both comprise a fixing portion (413; 423) engaged with and fixed to the box lid or the box body, and one or more pivot portions (412; 422) extending perpendicularly to the fixing portion, wherein the pivot portions are provided therein with through holes (414; 424) extending in parallel with the fixing portion for pivotably receiving a pivot. 32. The box according to claim 31, wherein, when there are multiple pivot portions, the pivot portions are spaced apart along the fixing portion and the space between the pivot portions is set to receive a respective pivot portion, and the through holes in the pivot portions are coaxial to one another. 33. The box according to claim 31, wherein the pivot is provided at a proximal end with a flange (432) having a size greater than the size of the through hole of the pivot portion, and the pivot at its distal end is provided with one or more cutouts (438) extending from distal to proximal such that the distal end of the pivot forms a plurality of resilient arms (434) extending from proximal to distal and being capable of bending radially inwards, wherein a radial outer surface of each resilient arm is provided thereon with a protruding portion (436) which is configured to pass through the through hole of the pivot portion when the resilient arm is at a bent state, and not to pass the through hole of the pivot portion when the resilient arm is at a stretched state. 34. The box according to claim 33, wherein each of the cutouts is tapered from distal to proximal and finally forms a smooth transition. 35. The box according to claim 33, wherein the protrusion portion has a distal guiding bevel (4362) and a proximal guiding bevel (4364). 36. The box according to claim 30, wherein the hinge assembly is formed of plastic. 37. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box lid and the box body are provided with a locking assembly, the locking assembly comprising:
a first locking member (530) fixed to a front portion of the box lid; a second locking member (550) fixed to the front side panel of the box body; and a third locking member (54) configured to be pivotably mounted to the first locking member. 38. The box according to claim 37, wherein the first locking member is plugged into a bottom of a front stiffener of the box lid via snap-fit means (531) at its top to form an inverted U shape as a whole, and a top stiffener of the front side panel of the box body is configured to be at least partially received in a recess of the inverted U shape when the box lid is closed. 39. The box according to claim 38, wherein the first locking member is provided at its front portion with a horizontal connecting rod (532), and the third locking member is provided at its top with a hook (541) which is configured to hook onto the horizontal connecting rod and pivot around the same in a certain range. 40. The box according to claim 39, wherein the second locking member is plugged into the front side of the top stiffener of the front side panel of the box body via snap-fit means (551) at its rear side, a top portion of the second locking member is bent rearwards to form a horizontal bent portion (552) located at a step portion (5127) formed at the top of the front side panel of the box body, and the second locking member and the third locking member are configured to be latched or locked together when the box lid is closed. 41. The box according to claim 37, wherein the locking assembly is formed of plastic. 42. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box is provided with a foldable limit member (640) for limiting an open angle of the box lid relative to the box body, and wherein the foldable limit member is an elongated rod-like member that includes a first end (643) pivotably fixed at a position on an inner side of a side stiffener of the box lid at a distance from a pivot portion of the box lid, a second end (643) opposite the first end (643) pivotably fixed at a position on an inner side of a top stiffener of the respective side panel of the box body at a distance from the pivot portion of the box lid, and a bendable resilient body portion extending between the first end and the second end. 43. The box according to claim 42, wherein a length of the foldable limit member is sized such that a maximum open angle of the box lid relative to the box body is greater than 90° and less than 180°. 44. The box according to claim 43, wherein the body portion is of a flat strip shape suitable for bending, and the first end and the second end are flat end portions perpendicular to the body portion. 45. The box according to claim 44, wherein the first end and the second end each comprises a lateral protruding portion (641), and receiving holes (6122; 6222) for receiving the protruding portions are disposed at corresponding positions of the stiffeners of the left side panel and/or the right side panel of the box body. 46. The box according to claim 42, wherein the foldable limit member is a one-piece plastic member. 47. The box according to claim 29, wherein the box is provided with a self-positioning assembly configured to arbitrarily remain an open angle of the box lid relative to the box body, the self-positioning assembly comprising:
a holder (720) fixed onto the top stiffeners of the left side panel and/or the right side panel of the box body, wherein the holder provided therein with a chute (721) extending along the vertical direction through a top and a bottom surfaces of the holder, and a retaining hole (722) extending along a horizontal direction to communicate with the chute and pass through a side surface of the holder facing the inside of the box body; a support rod (710) having a first end hinged to a respective side stiffener of the box lid and a second end extending through the chute, wherein the support rod is configured to slide and swing in the chute; and a fastening assembly disposed in the retaining hole for applying a pressure to the support rod, wherein the fastening assembly is configured to adjust the magnitude of the pressure. 48. The box according to claim 47, wherein an inner surface of the retaining hole is provided with an internal thread, the fastening assembly comprising:
a compression block (730) disposed in the retaining hole and being movable along the retaining hole; a bolt (770) having an external thread which is configured to match with the internal thread of the retaining hole; and a resilient piece (760) disposed in the retaining hole between the compression block and the bolt, which is configured to apply a resilient force to the compression block. 49. The box according to claim 48, wherein the resilient piece is a compression spring, the compression block is provided thereon with a boss, and the compression spring is nested at one end onto the boss and abuts at the other end against an end of the bolt. 50. The box according to claim 49, wherein the second end of the support rod is provided with a stopper (711) for preventing the support rod from sliding out of the chute. 51. The box according to claim 50, wherein the self-positioning assembly further comprises a hinge base (780) connected to the side stiffener of the box lid, and the first end of the support rod is hinged to the hinge base. 52. The box according to claim 51, wherein the hinge base is provided with positioning pins (781), and the side stiffener of the box lid is provided thereon with a plurality of positioning holes (7521) distributed along its longitudinal direction for receiving the positioning pins. 53. The box according to claim 52, wherein the top stiffeners of the left side panel and/or the right side panel of the box body are provided with locking grooves into which the holder can be mounted. 54. The box according to claim 53, wherein the self-positioning assembly is located within a receiving space formed by the box body and the box lid when the lid is closed. 55. The box according to claim 47, wherein the support rod, the holder and the hinge base are all formed of plastic. | 3,700 |
345,607 | 16,804,030 | 3,618 | Embodiments of the invention disclose a foldable kick scooter, including a frontally positioned assembly, a deck assembly, and a folding mechanism. The deck assembly includes a deck support, and the folding mechanism includes a button and a folding support with a steering tube and two supporting plates, the two supporting plates being positioned opposite each other and both fixed to the steering tube. A connecting end of the deck support is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates, on which a positioning slot is provided. The button is slidably connected to the connecting end, and there are two positioning pins on the button that cooperate in a positioning manner, respectively, with the positioning slots on the two supporting plates. The folding is achieved by the cooperation by rotation between the two supporting plates and the connecting end, the structure is simple and the structural strength is ensured. The positional fixing between the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly can be achieved by the cooperation between the positioning pins and the positioning slots. A user needs only to press the button to make the positioning pins move out of the positioning slots, thus enabling the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly to rotate relative to each other to perform the folding. The operation is simple and convenient. | 1. A foldable kick scooter, characterized in that, it comprises a frontally positioned assembly, a deck assembly, and a folding mechanism connected between the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly; and in that the deck assembly comprises a deck support that has a connecting end oriented towards the frontally positioned assembly;
the folding mechanism comprises a button and a folding support comprising a steering tube to which the frontally positioned assembly is rotatably connected and two supporting plates; the two supporting plates are positioned opposite each other and are both fixed to the steering tube; the connecting end is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates, and its rotary axial direction is perpendicular to a plate surface of the supporting plates; the supporting plates have an arc-shaped end face positioned to be oriented towards the deck assembly, on which end face a positioning slot is provided; the button is slidably connected to the connecting end so as to move towards or away from the frontally positioned assembly; there are two positioning pins on the button that cooperate in a positioning manner, respectively, with the positioning slots of the two supporting plates; when the button is in a position that is relatively near the frontally positioned assembly, the positioning pins are inside the positioning slots; when the button slides to a position that is relatively far away from the frontally positioned assembly, the positioning pins are outside the positioning slots, and the frontally positioned assembly and the folding support can rotate relative to the deck support. 2. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, there are two positioning slots provided on each of the supporting plates, namely, a first positioning slot, and a second positioning slot, and they are arranged along an arc of the arc-shaped end faces; when the positioning pins are in the first positioning slots, the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly are in an unfolded state in which they are far away from each other; when the positioning pins are in the second positioning slots, the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly are in a folded state in which they are near each other. 3. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, a spring is provided between the button and the connecting end for providing the button with an elastic force towards the frontally positioned assembly. 4. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting end is tube-shaped, and the button comprises a pressing element and a sliding mass; the sliding mass is slidably provided in the connecting end, its sliding direction being the axial direction of the connecting end, the two positioning pins being both fixed to the sliding mass; the pressing element is located at an external side of the tube of the connecting end and fixed to the sliding mass via a connecting element; a tube wall of the connecting end is provided with a first bar-shaped slot and two second bar-shaped slots that are all provided along a sliding direction of the sliding mass; the connecting element is slidably provided through the first bar-shaped slot; the two positioning pins are slidably provided through the second bar-shaped slots respectively and extend to the external side of the tube of the connecting end. 5. The foldable kick scooter of claim 4, characterized in that, the cross section of the connecting end is square-shaped, and the sliding mass is in the form of a cube. 6. The foldable kick scooter of claim 4, characterized in that, the deck support is generally tube-shaped, and an end of the deck support that is oriented towards the frontally positioned assembly bends upwards to form the connecting end which is inclined. 7. The foldable kick scooter of claim 4, characterized in that, the pressing element comprises a connecting plate that is connected in parallel with the sliding mass, and a boss that is formed integrally with the connecting plate and protrudes towards a direction away from the connecting end. 8. The foldable kick scooter of claim 7, characterized in that, the deck assembly further comprises a deck extending to the connecting end, a receiving hole in which the entire boss is located being provided at a location on the deck that corresponds to the button. 9. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, the folding support is covered at its outside by an external cover, an arc-shaped boss being provided at an inner side of the external cover, the arc-shaped boss and the arc-shaped end face being positioned opposite each other, and forming, between them, a space for the positioning pins to move. | Embodiments of the invention disclose a foldable kick scooter, including a frontally positioned assembly, a deck assembly, and a folding mechanism. The deck assembly includes a deck support, and the folding mechanism includes a button and a folding support with a steering tube and two supporting plates, the two supporting plates being positioned opposite each other and both fixed to the steering tube. A connecting end of the deck support is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates, on which a positioning slot is provided. The button is slidably connected to the connecting end, and there are two positioning pins on the button that cooperate in a positioning manner, respectively, with the positioning slots on the two supporting plates. The folding is achieved by the cooperation by rotation between the two supporting plates and the connecting end, the structure is simple and the structural strength is ensured. The positional fixing between the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly can be achieved by the cooperation between the positioning pins and the positioning slots. A user needs only to press the button to make the positioning pins move out of the positioning slots, thus enabling the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly to rotate relative to each other to perform the folding. The operation is simple and convenient.1. A foldable kick scooter, characterized in that, it comprises a frontally positioned assembly, a deck assembly, and a folding mechanism connected between the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly; and in that the deck assembly comprises a deck support that has a connecting end oriented towards the frontally positioned assembly;
the folding mechanism comprises a button and a folding support comprising a steering tube to which the frontally positioned assembly is rotatably connected and two supporting plates; the two supporting plates are positioned opposite each other and are both fixed to the steering tube; the connecting end is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates, and its rotary axial direction is perpendicular to a plate surface of the supporting plates; the supporting plates have an arc-shaped end face positioned to be oriented towards the deck assembly, on which end face a positioning slot is provided; the button is slidably connected to the connecting end so as to move towards or away from the frontally positioned assembly; there are two positioning pins on the button that cooperate in a positioning manner, respectively, with the positioning slots of the two supporting plates; when the button is in a position that is relatively near the frontally positioned assembly, the positioning pins are inside the positioning slots; when the button slides to a position that is relatively far away from the frontally positioned assembly, the positioning pins are outside the positioning slots, and the frontally positioned assembly and the folding support can rotate relative to the deck support. 2. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, there are two positioning slots provided on each of the supporting plates, namely, a first positioning slot, and a second positioning slot, and they are arranged along an arc of the arc-shaped end faces; when the positioning pins are in the first positioning slots, the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly are in an unfolded state in which they are far away from each other; when the positioning pins are in the second positioning slots, the frontally positioned assembly and the deck assembly are in a folded state in which they are near each other. 3. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, a spring is provided between the button and the connecting end for providing the button with an elastic force towards the frontally positioned assembly. 4. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting end is tube-shaped, and the button comprises a pressing element and a sliding mass; the sliding mass is slidably provided in the connecting end, its sliding direction being the axial direction of the connecting end, the two positioning pins being both fixed to the sliding mass; the pressing element is located at an external side of the tube of the connecting end and fixed to the sliding mass via a connecting element; a tube wall of the connecting end is provided with a first bar-shaped slot and two second bar-shaped slots that are all provided along a sliding direction of the sliding mass; the connecting element is slidably provided through the first bar-shaped slot; the two positioning pins are slidably provided through the second bar-shaped slots respectively and extend to the external side of the tube of the connecting end. 5. The foldable kick scooter of claim 4, characterized in that, the cross section of the connecting end is square-shaped, and the sliding mass is in the form of a cube. 6. The foldable kick scooter of claim 4, characterized in that, the deck support is generally tube-shaped, and an end of the deck support that is oriented towards the frontally positioned assembly bends upwards to form the connecting end which is inclined. 7. The foldable kick scooter of claim 4, characterized in that, the pressing element comprises a connecting plate that is connected in parallel with the sliding mass, and a boss that is formed integrally with the connecting plate and protrudes towards a direction away from the connecting end. 8. The foldable kick scooter of claim 7, characterized in that, the deck assembly further comprises a deck extending to the connecting end, a receiving hole in which the entire boss is located being provided at a location on the deck that corresponds to the button. 9. The foldable kick scooter of claim 1, characterized in that, the folding support is covered at its outside by an external cover, an arc-shaped boss being provided at an inner side of the external cover, the arc-shaped boss and the arc-shaped end face being positioned opposite each other, and forming, between them, a space for the positioning pins to move. | 3,600 |
345,608 | 16,643,523 | 3,618 | A modular dispenser is disclosed, having a first cover body with a first face having an aperture, and a second cover body hingedly coupled to the first cover body through at least one hinge. The first cover body and second cover body are movable between an open position and a closed position. The second cover body includes a second face that is opposite the first face of the first cover body when in the closed position. The first cover body and second cover body together define a cavity that may hold hygiene wipes or sanitizing gel. The modular dispenser also includes at least one attachment mechanism coupled to the second cover body, and a moisture lock coupled to one of the first cover body and the second cover body and disposed along the interface between the first cover body and the second cover body when in the closed position. | 1. A modular dispenser, comprising:
a first cover body comprising a first face having an aperture; a second cover body hingedly coupled to the first cover body through at least one hinge, the first cover body and second cover body movable between an open position and a closed position, the second cover body comprising a second face that is opposite the first face of the first cover body when in the closed position, the first cover body and second cover body together defining a cavity when in the closed position; at least one attachment mechanism integral with the second cover body; and a moisture lock comprising silicone and coupled to one of the first cover body and the second cover body and disposed along the interface between the first cover body and the second cover body when in the closed position. 2. The modular dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an aperture seal disposed over the aperture, the aperture seal comprising an elastomeric material and having a slit that is biased closed. 3. The modular dispenser of claim 2, further comprising an aperture cover hingedly coupled to the first cover body and covering the aperture seal, the aperture cover composed of the same material as the first cover body. 4. The modular dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a gel dispensing mechanism releasably coupled to the first cover body and passing through the aperture, wherein a volume enclosed by the first cover body is less than ¼ a volume enclosed by the second cover body. 5. The modular dispenser of claim 1, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a clip, the clip having a head portion partially encircling a receiving void and tapering downward to a tail portion having a tail end, the clip being sufficiently flexible that the tail portion is deflectable away from the second cover body to a distance at least equal to a width of the receiving void, the tail end being biased toward the second cover body. 6. The modular dispenser of claim 5, wherein the receiving void is at least 4 cm wide. 7. The modular dispenser of claim 5, wherein the clip further comprises a utility hanger extending outward from the clip, away from the second cover body, and curving upward. 8. The modular dispenser of claim 1, wherein first face and the second face are substantially parallel while in the closed position, and wherein the first face and the second face are both closer to vertical than horizontal when the at least one attachment mechanism is engaged with a hospital bed. 9. A modular dispenser, comprising:
a first cover body having an aperture; a second cover body hingedly coupled to the first cover body through at least one hinge, the first cover body and second cover body movable between an open position and a closed position, the first cover body and second cover body together defining a cavity when in the closed position; and at least one attachment mechanism coupled to the second cover body. 10. The modular dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a moisture lock comprising an elastomer coupled to one of the first cover body and the second cover body and disposed along the interface between the first cover body and the second cover body when in the closed position. 11. The modular dispenser of claim 9, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a clip, the clip having a head portion partially encircling a receiving void and tapering downward to a tail portion having a tail end, the clip being sufficiently flexible that the tail portion is deflectable away from the second cover body to a distance at least equal to a width of the receiving void, the tail end being biased toward the second cover body. 12. The modular dispenser of claim 9, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a loop having a flat side and a strap comprising an elastomer material and passing through the loop to releasably couple to itself. 13. The modular dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a utility hanger coupled to one of the at least one attachment mechanism, the utility hanger extending outward and away from the second cover body and curving upward. 14. The modular dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a lock coupled to the first cover body and movable between an unlocked position and a locked position, wherein the lock is engaged with a lock port on the second cover body while in the locked position. 15. A modular dispenser, comprising:
a first cover body having an aperture; a second cover body releasably coupled to the first cover body, the first cover body and second cover body together enclosing a cavity; and at least one attachment mechanism coupled to the second cover body. 16. The modular dispenser of claim 15, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a clip, the clip having a head portion partially encircling a receiving void and tapering downward to a tail portion having a tail end, the clip being sufficiently flexible that the tail portion is deflectable away from the second cover body to a distance at least equal to a width of the receiving void, the tail end being biased toward the second cover body. 17. The modular dispenser of claim 16, wherein the clip further comprises an elastomeric material that is non-slip along a segment of the head portion that faces the receiving void. 18. The modular dispenser of claim 15, further comprising a gel dispensing mechanism releasably coupled to the first cover body and passing through the aperture. 19. The modular dispenser of claim 15, further comprising a utility hanger coupled to one of the at least one attachment mechanism, the utility hanger extending outward and away from the second cover body and curving upward. 20. The modular dispenser of claim 15, further comprising an aperture seal disposed over the aperture, the aperture seal comprising an elastomeric material and having a slit. | A modular dispenser is disclosed, having a first cover body with a first face having an aperture, and a second cover body hingedly coupled to the first cover body through at least one hinge. The first cover body and second cover body are movable between an open position and a closed position. The second cover body includes a second face that is opposite the first face of the first cover body when in the closed position. The first cover body and second cover body together define a cavity that may hold hygiene wipes or sanitizing gel. The modular dispenser also includes at least one attachment mechanism coupled to the second cover body, and a moisture lock coupled to one of the first cover body and the second cover body and disposed along the interface between the first cover body and the second cover body when in the closed position.1. A modular dispenser, comprising:
a first cover body comprising a first face having an aperture; a second cover body hingedly coupled to the first cover body through at least one hinge, the first cover body and second cover body movable between an open position and a closed position, the second cover body comprising a second face that is opposite the first face of the first cover body when in the closed position, the first cover body and second cover body together defining a cavity when in the closed position; at least one attachment mechanism integral with the second cover body; and a moisture lock comprising silicone and coupled to one of the first cover body and the second cover body and disposed along the interface between the first cover body and the second cover body when in the closed position. 2. The modular dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an aperture seal disposed over the aperture, the aperture seal comprising an elastomeric material and having a slit that is biased closed. 3. The modular dispenser of claim 2, further comprising an aperture cover hingedly coupled to the first cover body and covering the aperture seal, the aperture cover composed of the same material as the first cover body. 4. The modular dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a gel dispensing mechanism releasably coupled to the first cover body and passing through the aperture, wherein a volume enclosed by the first cover body is less than ¼ a volume enclosed by the second cover body. 5. The modular dispenser of claim 1, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a clip, the clip having a head portion partially encircling a receiving void and tapering downward to a tail portion having a tail end, the clip being sufficiently flexible that the tail portion is deflectable away from the second cover body to a distance at least equal to a width of the receiving void, the tail end being biased toward the second cover body. 6. The modular dispenser of claim 5, wherein the receiving void is at least 4 cm wide. 7. The modular dispenser of claim 5, wherein the clip further comprises a utility hanger extending outward from the clip, away from the second cover body, and curving upward. 8. The modular dispenser of claim 1, wherein first face and the second face are substantially parallel while in the closed position, and wherein the first face and the second face are both closer to vertical than horizontal when the at least one attachment mechanism is engaged with a hospital bed. 9. A modular dispenser, comprising:
a first cover body having an aperture; a second cover body hingedly coupled to the first cover body through at least one hinge, the first cover body and second cover body movable between an open position and a closed position, the first cover body and second cover body together defining a cavity when in the closed position; and at least one attachment mechanism coupled to the second cover body. 10. The modular dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a moisture lock comprising an elastomer coupled to one of the first cover body and the second cover body and disposed along the interface between the first cover body and the second cover body when in the closed position. 11. The modular dispenser of claim 9, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a clip, the clip having a head portion partially encircling a receiving void and tapering downward to a tail portion having a tail end, the clip being sufficiently flexible that the tail portion is deflectable away from the second cover body to a distance at least equal to a width of the receiving void, the tail end being biased toward the second cover body. 12. The modular dispenser of claim 9, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a loop having a flat side and a strap comprising an elastomer material and passing through the loop to releasably couple to itself. 13. The modular dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a utility hanger coupled to one of the at least one attachment mechanism, the utility hanger extending outward and away from the second cover body and curving upward. 14. The modular dispenser of claim 9, further comprising a lock coupled to the first cover body and movable between an unlocked position and a locked position, wherein the lock is engaged with a lock port on the second cover body while in the locked position. 15. A modular dispenser, comprising:
a first cover body having an aperture; a second cover body releasably coupled to the first cover body, the first cover body and second cover body together enclosing a cavity; and at least one attachment mechanism coupled to the second cover body. 16. The modular dispenser of claim 15, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises a clip, the clip having a head portion partially encircling a receiving void and tapering downward to a tail portion having a tail end, the clip being sufficiently flexible that the tail portion is deflectable away from the second cover body to a distance at least equal to a width of the receiving void, the tail end being biased toward the second cover body. 17. The modular dispenser of claim 16, wherein the clip further comprises an elastomeric material that is non-slip along a segment of the head portion that faces the receiving void. 18. The modular dispenser of claim 15, further comprising a gel dispensing mechanism releasably coupled to the first cover body and passing through the aperture. 19. The modular dispenser of claim 15, further comprising a utility hanger coupled to one of the at least one attachment mechanism, the utility hanger extending outward and away from the second cover body and curving upward. 20. The modular dispenser of claim 15, further comprising an aperture seal disposed over the aperture, the aperture seal comprising an elastomeric material and having a slit. | 3,600 |
345,609 | 16,643,494 | 1,623 | The present disclosure provides certain compositions and methods that may be useful in the treatment and/or prevention of a malignant, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, or viral disease or disorder, such as carcinomas, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Paget's disease, or other aspects of aging, such as atherosclerosis or type-2 diabetes. In some such embodiments, compositions are provided that contain at least one cyclodextrin active agent, such as alpha-cyclodextrin, or an analogue or derivative thereof. In some embodiment the composition is a clathrate of HP-aCD and sodium caprate or caprylate. | 1-45. (canceled) 46. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an alpha-cyclodextrin, or a salt thereof, a medium chain fatty acid, or a salt thereof. 47. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin and the medium chain fatty acid together comprise a clathrate. 48. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, comprising hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95% and sodium caprate in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %. 49. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin is present in an amount of from about 10 wt % to about 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 50. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin is present in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 51. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin is 2-hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin. 52. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 90 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 53. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 54. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid comprises a saturated aliphatic tail. 55. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid comprises an aliphatic tail having from 3 to 70 carbon atoms. 56. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid comprises an aliphatic tail having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. 57. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is caproic acid. 58. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is capric acid. 59. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is sodium caprate. 60. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the composition is formulated as an oral dosage form. 61. A method of reducing levels of serum phospholipids in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the composition of claim 47. 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the subject has been diagnosed as having a malignant, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, age-related, or viral disease or disorder. 63. The method of claim 61, wherein the composition comprises hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95% and sodium caprate in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %, and wherein the hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin and the sodium caprate together comprise a clathrate. 64. A method of treating a malignant, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, age-related, or viral disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the composition of claim 47. 65. The method of claim 64, wherein the composition comprises hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95% and sodium caprate in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %, and wherein the hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin and the sodium caprate together comprise a clathrate. | The present disclosure provides certain compositions and methods that may be useful in the treatment and/or prevention of a malignant, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, or viral disease or disorder, such as carcinomas, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Paget's disease, or other aspects of aging, such as atherosclerosis or type-2 diabetes. In some such embodiments, compositions are provided that contain at least one cyclodextrin active agent, such as alpha-cyclodextrin, or an analogue or derivative thereof. In some embodiment the composition is a clathrate of HP-aCD and sodium caprate or caprylate.1-45. (canceled) 46. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an alpha-cyclodextrin, or a salt thereof, a medium chain fatty acid, or a salt thereof. 47. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin and the medium chain fatty acid together comprise a clathrate. 48. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, comprising hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95% and sodium caprate in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %. 49. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin is present in an amount of from about 10 wt % to about 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 50. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin is present in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 51. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the alpha-cyclodextrin is 2-hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin. 52. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 90 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 53. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 54. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid comprises a saturated aliphatic tail. 55. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid comprises an aliphatic tail having from 3 to 70 carbon atoms. 56. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid comprises an aliphatic tail having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. 57. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is caproic acid. 58. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is capric acid. 59. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13, wherein the medium chain fatty acid is sodium caprate. 60. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the composition is formulated as an oral dosage form. 61. A method of reducing levels of serum phospholipids in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the composition of claim 47. 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the subject has been diagnosed as having a malignant, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, age-related, or viral disease or disorder. 63. The method of claim 61, wherein the composition comprises hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95% and sodium caprate in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %, and wherein the hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin and the sodium caprate together comprise a clathrate. 64. A method of treating a malignant, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, age-related, or viral disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the composition of claim 47. 65. The method of claim 64, wherein the composition comprises hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin in an amount of from about 85 wt % to about 95% and sodium caprate in an amount of from about 5 wt % to about 15 wt %, and wherein the hydroxypropyl-alpha-cyclodextrin and the sodium caprate together comprise a clathrate. | 1,600 |
345,610 | 16,804,001 | 1,623 | Provided are a photoelectrode for hydrogen generation in solar water splitting and a manufacturing method thereof. The photoelectrode for hydrogen generation in solar water splitting, includes a light absorbing layer including a chalcopyrite compound; and a hydrogen generation catalyst including CuxS (where 0≤x≤2) which is present on the light absorbing layer, and may be manufactured by using a solution process which enables mass production and produce hydrogen from water using sunlight with high efficiency without using a noble metal element. | 1. A photoelectrode for hydrogen generation in solar water splitting, the photoelectrode comprising:
a light absorbing layer comprising a chalcopyrite compound; and a hydrogen generation catalyst comprising CuxS (where 0<x≤2) which is present on the light absorbing layer. 2. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the hydrogen generation catalyst has a particulate shape or a single layer composed of CuxS (where 0<x≤2), or both thereof. 3. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the hydrogen generation catalyst makes direct contact with a surface of the light absorbing layer, and no additional layer is present on the light absorbing layer. 4. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the chalcopyrite compound comprises an inorganic compound having a chalcopyrite crystal structure composed of elements of groups. 5. The photoelectrode of claim 4,
wherein the inorganic compound comprises at least one of copper indium selenide (CISe)-based, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGSe)-based, copper indium sulfide (CIS)-based, copper indium gallium sulfide (CIGS)-based and copper indium gallium sulfur selenide (CIGSSe)-based compounds. 6. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the photoelectrode further comprises a substrate supporting the light absorbing layer, and the substrate comprises one kind or two or more kinds among indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped indium tin oxide, glass, molybdenum (Mo)-coated glass, a metal foil, a metal plate and a conductive polymer. 7. A method of manufacturing a photoelectrode for hydrogen generation, the method comprising:
applying a metal precursor paste on a substrate and first heat treating to form a metal hydroxide or oxide thin film; second heat treating the metal hydroxide or oxide thin film under a mixture atmosphere of a gaseous sulfur precursor and a selenium precursor to form a light absorbing layer of a chalcopyrite compound, CuxS (where 0<x≤2) and CuySe (where 0<y≤2) being present on a surface of the light absorbing layer; and additional heat treating while maintaining a temperature of the second heat treatment under a sulfur precursor atmosphere while blocking the selenium precursor to form a hydrogen generation catalyst, only CuxS (where 0<x≤2) being present on the surface of the light absorbing layer, wherein the metal precursor paste comprises a metal precursor containing a copper (Cu) element, and the copper (Cu) element is comprised in a sufficient amount for forming the CuxS (where 0<x≤2) on the surface of the light absorbing layer. 8. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the metal precursor paste comprises the metal precursor containing the copper (Cu) element, an organic binder and a solvent. 9. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 8,
wherein the metal precursor comprises one or more metal precursors in group IB containing a copper (Cu) element, one or more metal precursors in group IIIA, or mixtures thereof, and an amount of the copper (Cu) element is an excessive amount in comparison with a stoichiometric quantity of the chalcopyrite compound of the light absorbing layer. 10. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 8,
wherein the metal precursor comprises hydroxides of copper (Cu), indium (In) and gallium (Ga). 11. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the application of the metal precursor paste and the first heat treatment are performed from once to 20 times, and the first heat treatment is performed in an air atmosphere at a temperature of about 250° C. to about 350° C. for about 1 minute to about 60 minutes. 12. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the application is performed by one method of printing, spin coating, roll-to-roll coating, slit die coating, bar coating and spray coating, or by two or more thereof. 13. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein a temperature of the second heat treatment is from about 50° C. to about 1,500° C. 14. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the second heat treatment in the mixture atmosphere of the sulfur precursor and the selenium precursor is performed by applying a gradual temperature elevating mode, and the additional heat treatment under the sulfur precursor atmosphere while blocking the selenium precursor is performed at a constant temperature. | Provided are a photoelectrode for hydrogen generation in solar water splitting and a manufacturing method thereof. The photoelectrode for hydrogen generation in solar water splitting, includes a light absorbing layer including a chalcopyrite compound; and a hydrogen generation catalyst including CuxS (where 0≤x≤2) which is present on the light absorbing layer, and may be manufactured by using a solution process which enables mass production and produce hydrogen from water using sunlight with high efficiency without using a noble metal element.1. A photoelectrode for hydrogen generation in solar water splitting, the photoelectrode comprising:
a light absorbing layer comprising a chalcopyrite compound; and a hydrogen generation catalyst comprising CuxS (where 0<x≤2) which is present on the light absorbing layer. 2. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the hydrogen generation catalyst has a particulate shape or a single layer composed of CuxS (where 0<x≤2), or both thereof. 3. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the hydrogen generation catalyst makes direct contact with a surface of the light absorbing layer, and no additional layer is present on the light absorbing layer. 4. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the chalcopyrite compound comprises an inorganic compound having a chalcopyrite crystal structure composed of elements of groups. 5. The photoelectrode of claim 4,
wherein the inorganic compound comprises at least one of copper indium selenide (CISe)-based, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGSe)-based, copper indium sulfide (CIS)-based, copper indium gallium sulfide (CIGS)-based and copper indium gallium sulfur selenide (CIGSSe)-based compounds. 6. The photoelectrode of claim 1,
wherein the photoelectrode further comprises a substrate supporting the light absorbing layer, and the substrate comprises one kind or two or more kinds among indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped indium tin oxide, glass, molybdenum (Mo)-coated glass, a metal foil, a metal plate and a conductive polymer. 7. A method of manufacturing a photoelectrode for hydrogen generation, the method comprising:
applying a metal precursor paste on a substrate and first heat treating to form a metal hydroxide or oxide thin film; second heat treating the metal hydroxide or oxide thin film under a mixture atmosphere of a gaseous sulfur precursor and a selenium precursor to form a light absorbing layer of a chalcopyrite compound, CuxS (where 0<x≤2) and CuySe (where 0<y≤2) being present on a surface of the light absorbing layer; and additional heat treating while maintaining a temperature of the second heat treatment under a sulfur precursor atmosphere while blocking the selenium precursor to form a hydrogen generation catalyst, only CuxS (where 0<x≤2) being present on the surface of the light absorbing layer, wherein the metal precursor paste comprises a metal precursor containing a copper (Cu) element, and the copper (Cu) element is comprised in a sufficient amount for forming the CuxS (where 0<x≤2) on the surface of the light absorbing layer. 8. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the metal precursor paste comprises the metal precursor containing the copper (Cu) element, an organic binder and a solvent. 9. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 8,
wherein the metal precursor comprises one or more metal precursors in group IB containing a copper (Cu) element, one or more metal precursors in group IIIA, or mixtures thereof, and an amount of the copper (Cu) element is an excessive amount in comparison with a stoichiometric quantity of the chalcopyrite compound of the light absorbing layer. 10. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 8,
wherein the metal precursor comprises hydroxides of copper (Cu), indium (In) and gallium (Ga). 11. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the application of the metal precursor paste and the first heat treatment are performed from once to 20 times, and the first heat treatment is performed in an air atmosphere at a temperature of about 250° C. to about 350° C. for about 1 minute to about 60 minutes. 12. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the application is performed by one method of printing, spin coating, roll-to-roll coating, slit die coating, bar coating and spray coating, or by two or more thereof. 13. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein a temperature of the second heat treatment is from about 50° C. to about 1,500° C. 14. The method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of claim 7,
wherein the second heat treatment in the mixture atmosphere of the sulfur precursor and the selenium precursor is performed by applying a gradual temperature elevating mode, and the additional heat treatment under the sulfur precursor atmosphere while blocking the selenium precursor is performed at a constant temperature. | 1,600 |
345,611 | 16,804,023 | 1,623 | The present invention relates to the field of image encoding. In particular, it relates to methods and devices where the concept of auxiliary frames may be employed to reduce or remove the need of copying data, for reference encoding purposes, between encoders which encode different parts of an image frame. This purpose is achieved by spatially modifying (S104) original image data before encoding (S106, S108) it using the encoders, and using (S110) the encoded image data as image data of an auxiliary frame. The auxiliary frame is referenced by an inter frame comprising motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data. | 1. A method for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, using a first encoder and a second encoder which operate independently of each other, each encoder having a motion vector search range for block matching, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving original image data captured by at least one image sensor; forming an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially splitting the original image data by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the original image data and a second image data portion of a second spatial region of the original image data;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the first encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a first virtual pixel region;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the second encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a second virtual pixel region;
providing an encoded buffer region of pixels, the buffer region having a size equal to at least a size of a largest of the first and second virtual pixel regions;
wherein the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region comprise pixels with corresponding pixel values; and
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion, the encoded second image data portion, and the encoded buffer region such that the encoded buffer region is sandwiched between the first and second image data portions, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame,
determining motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encoding an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the inter frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein image data of the auxiliary frame comprises the encoded first image data portion as a first slice or tile, and the encoded second image data portion as a second slice or tile. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the division line is spatially splitting the original image data in a vertical direction, and wherein the step of determining motion vectors comprises:
setting motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the first image data portion to zero; setting a vertical component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to zero; and setting a horizontal component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to the width of the buffer region. 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the division line is spatially splitting the original image data in a horizontal direction, wherein the step of determining motion vectors comprises:
setting motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the first image data portion to zero; setting a horizontal component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to zero; and setting a vertical component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to the height of the buffer region. 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding value(s) of the pixels of the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region is determined by analyzing the original image data. 6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding value(s) of the pixels of the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region is predefined. 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the size of the first virtual pixel region depends on a size of a motion search window of the first encoder, and wherein the size of the second virtual pixel region depends on a size of a motion search window of the second encoder. 8. A device for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, the device comprising a first encoder and a second encoder which operate independently of each other, each encoder having a motion vector search range for block matching, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the device comprising circuitry configured to:
receive original image data captured by at least one image sensor; form an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially splitting the original image data by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the original image data and a second image data portion of a second spatial region of the original image data;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the first encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a first virtual pixel region;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the second encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a second virtual pixel region;
providing an encoded buffer region of pixels, the buffer region having a size equal to at least the size of a largest of the first and second virtual pixel regions, wherein the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region comprise pixels with corresponding pixel values;
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion, the encoded second image data portion, and the encoded buffer region such that the encoded buffer region is sandwiched between the first and second image data portions, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame;
determine motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encode an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the inter frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 9. A method for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, using a first and a second encoder, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving original image data captured by at least a first image sensor and a second image sensor; forming an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially rearranging the original image data into spatially rearranged image data, such that the rearranged image data can be spatially split by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the rearranged image data and second image data portion of a second spatial region of the rearranged image data, wherein the first image data portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the first image sensor, and wherein the second portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the second image sensor;
spatially splitting the rearranged image data by the division line to form the first image data portion and the second image data portion;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion;
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion and the encoded second image data portion at the division line, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame;
determining motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encoding an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the first frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second encoder operate independently of each other. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein image data of the auxiliary frame comprises the encoded first image data portion as a first slice or tile, and the encoded second image data portion as a second slice or tile. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second encoders support encoding in slices and not encoding in tiles, wherein the division line is spatially splitting the rearranged image data in a horizontal direction. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of spatially rearranging the original image data into spatially rearranged image data comprises:
switching data corresponding to spatial positions of a lower left quadrant of the original image data and an upper right quadrant of the original image data. 14. A device for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, the device comprising a first and a second encoder, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the device comprising circuitry configured to:
receive original image data captured by at least a first image sensor and a second image sensor; form an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially rearranging the original image data into spatially rearranged image data, such that the rearranged image data can be spatially split by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the rearranged image data and second image data portion of a second spatial region of the rearranged image data, wherein the first image data portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the first image sensor, and wherein the second portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the second image sensor;
spatially splitting the rearranged image data by the division line to form the first image data portion and the second image data portion;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion;
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion and the encoded second image data portion at the division line, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame;
determine motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encode an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the first frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 15. A non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium with instructions adapted to carry out the method of claim 1 when executed by a device having processing capability. 16. A non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium with instructions adapted to carry out the method of claim 9 when executed by a device having processing capability. | The present invention relates to the field of image encoding. In particular, it relates to methods and devices where the concept of auxiliary frames may be employed to reduce or remove the need of copying data, for reference encoding purposes, between encoders which encode different parts of an image frame. This purpose is achieved by spatially modifying (S104) original image data before encoding (S106, S108) it using the encoders, and using (S110) the encoded image data as image data of an auxiliary frame. The auxiliary frame is referenced by an inter frame comprising motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data.1. A method for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, using a first encoder and a second encoder which operate independently of each other, each encoder having a motion vector search range for block matching, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving original image data captured by at least one image sensor; forming an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially splitting the original image data by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the original image data and a second image data portion of a second spatial region of the original image data;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the first encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a first virtual pixel region;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the second encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a second virtual pixel region;
providing an encoded buffer region of pixels, the buffer region having a size equal to at least a size of a largest of the first and second virtual pixel regions;
wherein the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region comprise pixels with corresponding pixel values; and
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion, the encoded second image data portion, and the encoded buffer region such that the encoded buffer region is sandwiched between the first and second image data portions, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame,
determining motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encoding an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the inter frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein image data of the auxiliary frame comprises the encoded first image data portion as a first slice or tile, and the encoded second image data portion as a second slice or tile. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the division line is spatially splitting the original image data in a vertical direction, and wherein the step of determining motion vectors comprises:
setting motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the first image data portion to zero; setting a vertical component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to zero; and setting a horizontal component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to the width of the buffer region. 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the division line is spatially splitting the original image data in a horizontal direction, wherein the step of determining motion vectors comprises:
setting motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the first image data portion to zero; setting a horizontal component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to zero; and setting a vertical component of motion vectors corresponding to the original image data in the second image data portion to the height of the buffer region. 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding value(s) of the pixels of the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region is determined by analyzing the original image data. 6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding value(s) of the pixels of the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region is predefined. 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the size of the first virtual pixel region depends on a size of a motion search window of the first encoder, and wherein the size of the second virtual pixel region depends on a size of a motion search window of the second encoder. 8. A device for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, the device comprising a first encoder and a second encoder which operate independently of each other, each encoder having a motion vector search range for block matching, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the device comprising circuitry configured to:
receive original image data captured by at least one image sensor; form an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially splitting the original image data by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the original image data and a second image data portion of a second spatial region of the original image data;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the first encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a first virtual pixel region;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion, wherein motion vector search in the second encoder is allowed to extend across the division line into a second virtual pixel region;
providing an encoded buffer region of pixels, the buffer region having a size equal to at least the size of a largest of the first and second virtual pixel regions, wherein the first virtual pixel region, the second virtual pixel region and the buffer region comprise pixels with corresponding pixel values;
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion, the encoded second image data portion, and the encoded buffer region such that the encoded buffer region is sandwiched between the first and second image data portions, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame;
determine motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encode an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the inter frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 9. A method for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, using a first and a second encoder, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving original image data captured by at least a first image sensor and a second image sensor; forming an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially rearranging the original image data into spatially rearranged image data, such that the rearranged image data can be spatially split by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the rearranged image data and second image data portion of a second spatial region of the rearranged image data, wherein the first image data portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the first image sensor, and wherein the second portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the second image sensor;
spatially splitting the rearranged image data by the division line to form the first image data portion and the second image data portion;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion;
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion and the encoded second image data portion at the division line, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame;
determining motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encoding an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the first frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second encoder operate independently of each other. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein image data of the auxiliary frame comprises the encoded first image data portion as a first slice or tile, and the encoded second image data portion as a second slice or tile. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second encoders support encoding in slices and not encoding in tiles, wherein the division line is spatially splitting the rearranged image data in a horizontal direction. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of spatially rearranging the original image data into spatially rearranged image data comprises:
switching data corresponding to spatial positions of a lower left quadrant of the original image data and an upper right quadrant of the original image data. 14. A device for encoding a video stream in a video coding format, the device comprising a first and a second encoder, wherein the video coding format supports including an auxiliary frame in the encoded video stream, the auxiliary frame being referenced by another frame in the encoded video stream and comprising image data complementing said another frame, wherein the image data of the auxiliary frame is not intended to be shown when decoding the encoded video stream but instead used in conjunction with data of said another frame to achieve image data to be shown, the device comprising circuitry configured to:
receive original image data captured by at least a first image sensor and a second image sensor; form an auxiliary frame by modifying and encoding the original image data, wherein the auxiliary frame is formed by:
spatially rearranging the original image data into spatially rearranged image data, such that the rearranged image data can be spatially split by a division line, thereby forming a first image data portion of a first spatial region of the rearranged image data and second image data portion of a second spatial region of the rearranged image data, wherein the first image data portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the first image sensor, and wherein the second portion comprises the image data of the original image data captured by the second image sensor;
spatially splitting the rearranged image data by the division line to form the first image data portion and the second image data portion;
encoding, by the first encoder, the first image data portion;
encoding, by the second encoder, the second image data portion;
spatially joining the encoded first image data portion and the encoded second image data portion at the division line, and using the joined encoded data as image data of the auxiliary frame;
determine motion vectors corresponding to a restoration of the auxiliary frame image data back to a spatial arrangement of the original image data, encode an inter frame referencing the auxiliary frame, wherein motion vectors of the first frame correspond to the determined motion vectors. 15. A non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium with instructions adapted to carry out the method of claim 1 when executed by a device having processing capability. 16. A non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium with instructions adapted to carry out the method of claim 9 when executed by a device having processing capability. | 1,600 |
345,612 | 16,643,474 | 1,623 | An induction heating and wireless power transmitting apparatus includes a first group of working coils including a first working coil and a second working coil connected to each other in parallel, a first inverter that supplies resonant currents to at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil by performing a switching operation, a first semiconductor switch connected to the first working coil configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil, a second semiconductor switch connected to the second working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil, an auxiliary power supply configured to supply power to the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch, and a controller that controls the first inverter, the first semiconductor switch, and the second semiconductor switches. | 1. An apparatus for induction heating and wireless power transmission, the apparatus comprising:
a first group of working coils comprising a first working coil and a second working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a first inverter configured to perform a first switching operation to generate a first resonant current in at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; a first semiconductor switch that is connected to the first working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil; a second semiconductor switch that is connected to the second working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil; an auxiliary power supply configured to supply power to the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch; and a controller configured to control the first inverter, the first semiconductor switch, and the second semiconductor switch. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a rectifier configured to convert alternating current (AC) power supplied from a power supply to direct current (DC) power and to supply the DC power to the first inverter, wherein the first inverter is configured to convert the DC power supplied from the rectifier into the first resonant current; and a DC link capacitor that is electrically connected in parallel to the rectifier, the DC link capacitor having a first end configured to receive a DC voltage corresponding to the DC power and a second end connected to ground. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor, and
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor, and
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a second group of working coils comprising a third working coil and a fourth working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a second inverter that is electrically connected in parallel to the first inverter and that is configured to perform a second switching operation to generate a second resonant current in at least one of the third working coil or the fourth working coil; a third semiconductor switch that is connected to the third working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the third working coil; a fourth semiconductor switch that is connected to the fourth working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the fourth working coil; a rectifier that is configured to convert alternating current (AC) power supplied from a power supply to direct current (DC) power and to supply the DC power to at least one of the first inverter or the second inverter; and a DC link capacitor that is electrically connected in parallel to the rectifier, the DC link capacitor having a first end configured to receive a DC voltage corresponding to the DC power and a second end connected to ground. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the auxiliary power supply is configured to supply power to the third semiconductor switch and the fourth semiconductor switch, and
wherein the controller is configured to control the second inverter, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor,
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor, wherein the third semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the third working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor, and wherein the fourth semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the fourth working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor. 8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor,
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor, wherein the third semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the third working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor, and wherein the fourth semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the fourth working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor. 9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the auxiliary power supply comprises one output terminal that is configured to supply power to the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 10. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil,
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil, wherein the third semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the third working coil, wherein the fourth semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the fourth working coil, wherein the first end of the DC link capacitor is connected to second ends of a first group of semiconductor switches among the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch, and wherein the second end of the DC link capacitor is connected to second ends of a second group of semiconductor switches among the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the auxiliary power supply is configured to supply power to the first group of semiconductor switches and the second group of semiconductor switches. 12. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
detect a resonance current in at least one of the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, or the fourth working coil; and based on a value of the detected resonance current, determine whether an object is placed above any one working coil among the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, and the fourth working coil. 13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the auxiliary power supply comprises one output terminal that is configured to supply power to all of the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch comprises at least one of a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an insulated gate bipolar mode transistor (IGBT). 15. The apparatus of claim 1, where the controller is configured to:
provide a plurality of pulses to the first inverter; apply a first portion of the plurality of pulses to the first semiconductor switch; detect a first resonance current generated in the first working coil in response to the first portion of the plurality of pulses applied to the first semiconductor switch; and based on a first value of the detected first resonance current, determine whether an object is placed above the first working coil. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to apply, to the first inverter, a first voltage corresponding to each of the plurality of pulses and a second voltage corresponding to each of time intervals between the plurality of pulses, the second voltage being less than the first voltage. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to, based on a predetermined period, alternately apply the plurality of pulses to the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch. 18. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to:
apply a second portion of the plurality of pulses to the second semiconductor switch; detect a second resonance current generated in the second working coil in response to the second portion of the plurality of pulses applied to the second semiconductor switch; and based on a second value of the detected second resonance current, determine whether at least a portion the object is placed above the second working coil. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to:
based on the first value being less than a reference value, determine that at least a portion of the object is placed above the first working coil. 20. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the auxiliary power supply comprises one ground terminal that is connected to all of the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. | An induction heating and wireless power transmitting apparatus includes a first group of working coils including a first working coil and a second working coil connected to each other in parallel, a first inverter that supplies resonant currents to at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil by performing a switching operation, a first semiconductor switch connected to the first working coil configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil, a second semiconductor switch connected to the second working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil, an auxiliary power supply configured to supply power to the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch, and a controller that controls the first inverter, the first semiconductor switch, and the second semiconductor switches.1. An apparatus for induction heating and wireless power transmission, the apparatus comprising:
a first group of working coils comprising a first working coil and a second working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a first inverter configured to perform a first switching operation to generate a first resonant current in at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; a first semiconductor switch that is connected to the first working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil; a second semiconductor switch that is connected to the second working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil; an auxiliary power supply configured to supply power to the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch; and a controller configured to control the first inverter, the first semiconductor switch, and the second semiconductor switch. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a rectifier configured to convert alternating current (AC) power supplied from a power supply to direct current (DC) power and to supply the DC power to the first inverter, wherein the first inverter is configured to convert the DC power supplied from the rectifier into the first resonant current; and a DC link capacitor that is electrically connected in parallel to the rectifier, the DC link capacitor having a first end configured to receive a DC voltage corresponding to the DC power and a second end connected to ground. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor, and
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor, and
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a second group of working coils comprising a third working coil and a fourth working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a second inverter that is electrically connected in parallel to the first inverter and that is configured to perform a second switching operation to generate a second resonant current in at least one of the third working coil or the fourth working coil; a third semiconductor switch that is connected to the third working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the third working coil; a fourth semiconductor switch that is connected to the fourth working coil and that is configured to turn on and turn off the fourth working coil; a rectifier that is configured to convert alternating current (AC) power supplied from a power supply to direct current (DC) power and to supply the DC power to at least one of the first inverter or the second inverter; and a DC link capacitor that is electrically connected in parallel to the rectifier, the DC link capacitor having a first end configured to receive a DC voltage corresponding to the DC power and a second end connected to ground. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the auxiliary power supply is configured to supply power to the third semiconductor switch and the fourth semiconductor switch, and
wherein the controller is configured to control the second inverter, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor,
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor, wherein the third semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the third working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor, and wherein the fourth semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the fourth working coil and a second end connected to the second end of the DC link capacitor. 8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor,
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor, wherein the third semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the third working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor, and wherein the fourth semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the fourth working coil and a second end connected to the first end of the DC link capacitor. 9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the auxiliary power supply comprises one output terminal that is configured to supply power to the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 10. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the first working coil,
wherein the second semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the second working coil, wherein the third semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the third working coil, wherein the fourth semiconductor switch has a first end connected to the fourth working coil, wherein the first end of the DC link capacitor is connected to second ends of a first group of semiconductor switches among the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch, and wherein the second end of the DC link capacitor is connected to second ends of a second group of semiconductor switches among the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the auxiliary power supply is configured to supply power to the first group of semiconductor switches and the second group of semiconductor switches. 12. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
detect a resonance current in at least one of the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, or the fourth working coil; and based on a value of the detected resonance current, determine whether an object is placed above any one working coil among the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, and the fourth working coil. 13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the auxiliary power supply comprises one output terminal that is configured to supply power to all of the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. 14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch comprises at least one of a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an insulated gate bipolar mode transistor (IGBT). 15. The apparatus of claim 1, where the controller is configured to:
provide a plurality of pulses to the first inverter; apply a first portion of the plurality of pulses to the first semiconductor switch; detect a first resonance current generated in the first working coil in response to the first portion of the plurality of pulses applied to the first semiconductor switch; and based on a first value of the detected first resonance current, determine whether an object is placed above the first working coil. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to apply, to the first inverter, a first voltage corresponding to each of the plurality of pulses and a second voltage corresponding to each of time intervals between the plurality of pulses, the second voltage being less than the first voltage. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to, based on a predetermined period, alternately apply the plurality of pulses to the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch. 18. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to:
apply a second portion of the plurality of pulses to the second semiconductor switch; detect a second resonance current generated in the second working coil in response to the second portion of the plurality of pulses applied to the second semiconductor switch; and based on a second value of the detected second resonance current, determine whether at least a portion the object is placed above the second working coil. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, where the controller is configured to:
based on the first value being less than a reference value, determine that at least a portion of the object is placed above the first working coil. 20. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the auxiliary power supply comprises one ground terminal that is connected to all of the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, and the fourth semiconductor switch. | 1,600 |
345,613 | 16,804,014 | 1,721 | A method includes sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a number of flexible substrates to form a number of thin-film based thermoelectric modules. The method also include placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed number of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively to form an electric power generation device, and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed number of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. | 1. A method comprising:
sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a plurality of flexible substrates to form a plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules, the each of the plurality of flexible substrates being at least one of: aluminum (Al) foil, a sheet of paper, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, plastic, a single-sided copper (Cu) clad laminate sheet, and a double-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and the each of the plurality of flexible substrates having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; rendering each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules less than or equal to 100 μm in dimensional thickness, a layer of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules including the sputter deposited N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively, the hot plate and the cold plate being parallel to one another, the hot plate configured to be at a higher temperature than the cold plate, and the placing of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with the hot plate and the cold plate forming an electric power generation device comprising a plurality of alternating hot plates and cold plates in between each of which is a thin-film based thermoelectric module of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules; and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. 2. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of:
providing a supply of a first fluid and a second fluid to the hot plate and the cold plate respectively to enable the hot plate to be at the higher temperature than the cold plate; and designing at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate for one of: a laminar flow and a turbulent flow of a corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising encapsulating the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules with an elastomer, the elastomer providing an encapsulation having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 15 μm. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
printing and etching a design pattern of metal onto the each of the plurality of flexible substrates to form electrically conductive pads, leads and terminals thereon, the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 18 μm; additionally electrodepositing a seed metal layer comprising at least one of: Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Gold (Au) directly on top of the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals on the each of the plurality of flexible substrates following the printing and etching thereof, the seed metal layer having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 5 μm; and sputter depositing the pairs of the N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs directly on top of the electrodeposited seed metal layer. 5. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being made of one of: steel, a ceramic material and anodized aluminum. 6. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of:
at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid being one of: water, steam, a liquid and waste flue gas from at least one of: a furnace, a boiler and a power plant; and at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being painted. 7. The method of claim 2, further comprising designing the at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate with a plurality of grooves therewithin to enable the turbulent flow of the corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 8. A method comprising:
sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a plurality of flexible substrates to form a plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules, the each of the plurality of flexible substrates being at least one of: Al foil, a sheet of paper, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, plastic, a single-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and a double-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and the each of the plurality of flexible substrates having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; rendering each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules less than or equal to 100 μm in dimensional thickness, a layer of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules including the sputter deposited N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively, the hot plate and the cold plate being parallel to one another, and the placing of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with the hot plate and the cold plate forming an electric power generation device comprising a plurality of alternating hot plates and cold plates in between each of which is a thin-film based thermoelectric module of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules; providing a supply of a first fluid and a second fluid to the hot plate and the cold plate respectively to enable the hot plate to be at a higher temperature than the cold plate; and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. 9. The method of claim 8, comprising designing at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate for one of: a laminar flow and a turbulent flow of a corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising encapsulating the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules with an elastomer, the elastomer providing an encapsulation having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 15 μm. 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
printing and etching a design pattern of metal onto the each of the plurality of flexible substrates to form electrically conductive pads, leads and terminals thereon, the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 18 μm; additionally electrodepositing a seed metal layer comprising at least one of: Cr, Ni and Au directly on top of the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals on the each of the plurality of flexible substrates following the printing and etching thereof, the seed metal layer having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 5 μm; and sputter depositing the pairs of the N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs directly on top of the electrodeposited seed metal layer. 12. The method of claim 8, comprising at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being made of one of: steel, a ceramic material and anodized aluminum. 13. The method of claim 8, comprising at least one of:
at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid being one of: water, steam, a liquid and waste flue gas from at least one of: a furnace, a boiler and a power plant; and at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being painted. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising designing the at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate with a plurality of grooves therewithin to enable the turbulent flow of the corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 15. A method comprising:
sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a plurality of flexible substrates to form a plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules, the each of the plurality of flexible substrates being at least one of: Al foil, a sheet of paper, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, plastic, a single-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and a double-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and the each of the plurality of flexible substrates having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; rendering each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules less than or equal to 100 μm in dimensional thickness, a layer of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules including the sputter deposited N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively, the hot plate and the cold plate being parallel to one another, and the placing of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with the hot plate and the cold plate forming an electric power generation device comprising a plurality of alternating hot plates and cold plates in between each of which is a thin-film based thermoelectric module of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules; providing a supply of a first fluid and a second fluid to the hot plate and the cold plate respectively to enable the hot plate to be at a higher temperature than the cold plate; designing at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate for one of: a laminar flow and a turbulent flow of a corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough; and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising encapsulating the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules with an elastomer, the elastomer providing an encapsulation having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 15 μm. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
printing and etching a design pattern of metal onto the each of the plurality of flexible substrates to form electrically conductive pads, leads and terminals thereon, the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 18 μm; additionally electrodepositing a seed metal layer comprising at least one of: Cr, Ni and Au directly on top of the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals on the each of the plurality of flexible substrates following the printing and etching thereof, the seed metal layer having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 5 μm; and sputter depositing the pairs of the N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs directly on top of the electrodeposited seed metal layer. 18. The method of claim 15, comprising at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being made of one of: steel, a ceramic material and anodized aluminum. 19. The method of claim 15, comprising at least one of:
at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid being one of: water, steam, a liquid and waste flue gas from at least one of: a furnace, a boiler and a power plant; and at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being painted. 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising designing the at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate with a plurality of grooves therewithin to enable the turbulent flow of the corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. | A method includes sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a number of flexible substrates to form a number of thin-film based thermoelectric modules. The method also include placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed number of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively to form an electric power generation device, and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed number of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively.1. A method comprising:
sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a plurality of flexible substrates to form a plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules, the each of the plurality of flexible substrates being at least one of: aluminum (Al) foil, a sheet of paper, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, plastic, a single-sided copper (Cu) clad laminate sheet, and a double-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and the each of the plurality of flexible substrates having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; rendering each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules less than or equal to 100 μm in dimensional thickness, a layer of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules including the sputter deposited N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively, the hot plate and the cold plate being parallel to one another, the hot plate configured to be at a higher temperature than the cold plate, and the placing of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with the hot plate and the cold plate forming an electric power generation device comprising a plurality of alternating hot plates and cold plates in between each of which is a thin-film based thermoelectric module of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules; and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. 2. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of:
providing a supply of a first fluid and a second fluid to the hot plate and the cold plate respectively to enable the hot plate to be at the higher temperature than the cold plate; and designing at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate for one of: a laminar flow and a turbulent flow of a corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising encapsulating the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules with an elastomer, the elastomer providing an encapsulation having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 15 μm. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
printing and etching a design pattern of metal onto the each of the plurality of flexible substrates to form electrically conductive pads, leads and terminals thereon, the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 18 μm; additionally electrodepositing a seed metal layer comprising at least one of: Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Gold (Au) directly on top of the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals on the each of the plurality of flexible substrates following the printing and etching thereof, the seed metal layer having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 5 μm; and sputter depositing the pairs of the N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs directly on top of the electrodeposited seed metal layer. 5. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being made of one of: steel, a ceramic material and anodized aluminum. 6. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of:
at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid being one of: water, steam, a liquid and waste flue gas from at least one of: a furnace, a boiler and a power plant; and at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being painted. 7. The method of claim 2, further comprising designing the at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate with a plurality of grooves therewithin to enable the turbulent flow of the corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 8. A method comprising:
sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a plurality of flexible substrates to form a plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules, the each of the plurality of flexible substrates being at least one of: Al foil, a sheet of paper, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, plastic, a single-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and a double-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and the each of the plurality of flexible substrates having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; rendering each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules less than or equal to 100 μm in dimensional thickness, a layer of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules including the sputter deposited N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively, the hot plate and the cold plate being parallel to one another, and the placing of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with the hot plate and the cold plate forming an electric power generation device comprising a plurality of alternating hot plates and cold plates in between each of which is a thin-film based thermoelectric module of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules; providing a supply of a first fluid and a second fluid to the hot plate and the cold plate respectively to enable the hot plate to be at a higher temperature than the cold plate; and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. 9. The method of claim 8, comprising designing at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate for one of: a laminar flow and a turbulent flow of a corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising encapsulating the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules with an elastomer, the elastomer providing an encapsulation having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 15 μm. 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
printing and etching a design pattern of metal onto the each of the plurality of flexible substrates to form electrically conductive pads, leads and terminals thereon, the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 18 μm; additionally electrodepositing a seed metal layer comprising at least one of: Cr, Ni and Au directly on top of the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals on the each of the plurality of flexible substrates following the printing and etching thereof, the seed metal layer having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 5 μm; and sputter depositing the pairs of the N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs directly on top of the electrodeposited seed metal layer. 12. The method of claim 8, comprising at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being made of one of: steel, a ceramic material and anodized aluminum. 13. The method of claim 8, comprising at least one of:
at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid being one of: water, steam, a liquid and waste flue gas from at least one of: a furnace, a boiler and a power plant; and at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being painted. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising designing the at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate with a plurality of grooves therewithin to enable the turbulent flow of the corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. 15. A method comprising:
sputter depositing pairs of N-type thermoelectric legs and P-type thermoelectric legs electrically in contact with one another on each of a plurality of flexible substrates to form a plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules, the each of the plurality of flexible substrates being at least one of: Al foil, a sheet of paper, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, plastic, a single-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and a double-sided Cu clad laminate sheet, and the each of the plurality of flexible substrates having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; rendering each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules less than or equal to 100 μm in dimensional thickness, a layer of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules including the sputter deposited N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 25 μm; placing a first surface and a second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with a hot plate and a cold plate respectively, the hot plate and the cold plate being parallel to one another, and the placing of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules in surface contact with the hot plate and the cold plate forming an electric power generation device comprising a plurality of alternating hot plates and cold plates in between each of which is a thin-film based thermoelectric module of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules; providing a supply of a first fluid and a second fluid to the hot plate and the cold plate respectively to enable the hot plate to be at a higher temperature than the cold plate; designing at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate for one of: a laminar flow and a turbulent flow of a corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough; and deriving electric power from the electric power generation device based on maintaining a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules based on the surface contact thereof with the hot plate and the cold plate respectively. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising encapsulating the each of the formed plurality of thin-film based thermoelectric modules with an elastomer, the elastomer providing an encapsulation having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 15 μm. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
printing and etching a design pattern of metal onto the each of the plurality of flexible substrates to form electrically conductive pads, leads and terminals thereon, the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 18 μm; additionally electrodepositing a seed metal layer comprising at least one of: Cr, Ni and Au directly on top of the formed electrically conductive pads, the leads and the terminals on the each of the plurality of flexible substrates following the printing and etching thereof, the seed metal layer having a dimensional thickness less than or equal to 5 μm; and sputter depositing the pairs of the N-type thermoelectric legs and the P-type thermoelectric legs directly on top of the electrodeposited seed metal layer. 18. The method of claim 15, comprising at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being made of one of: steel, a ceramic material and anodized aluminum. 19. The method of claim 15, comprising at least one of:
at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid being one of: water, steam, a liquid and waste flue gas from at least one of: a furnace, a boiler and a power plant; and at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate being painted. 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising designing the at least one of: the hot plate and the cold plate with a plurality of grooves therewithin to enable the turbulent flow of the corresponding at least one of: the first fluid and the second fluid therethrough. | 1,700 |
345,614 | 16,643,517 | 1,721 | A manufacturing support system may be provided. The manufacturing support system may comprise: an obtaining unit (IO) configured to obtain object data of an object to be manufactured; an artificial intelligence, Al, engine (20) configured to receive the object data as an input and to determine a hardware configuration of a manufacturing system for manufacturing the object with reference to information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system; and an output unit (60) configured to output the determined hardware configuration. | 1. A manufacturing support system comprising:
an obtaining unit (10) configured to obtain object data of an object to be manufactured; an artificial intelligence, AI, engine (20) configured to receive the object data as an input and to determine:
manufacturing process steps to be carried out by the manufacturing system for manufacturing the object; and
a hardware configuration of a manufacturing system for manufacturing the object with reference to information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system; and
an output unit (60) configured to output the determined manufacturing process steps and the determined hardware configuration, wherein the information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system includes information indicating, for at least part of possible manufacturing process steps, at least one hardware element that is available and that is required to perform the manufacturing process step, wherein the AI engine (20) comprises:
a machine learning device (200) that is configured to:
receive the object data as an input;
perform computation using the received object data; and
output information indicating at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object based on the computation; and
a hardware information processing unit (212) that is configured to determine the hardware configuration of the manufacturing system by identifying, with reference to the information relating to available hardware, at least one hardware element required to perform each of one or more steps included in said at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object. 2. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the AI engine (20) is further configured to determine a value or a value range for a parameter relating to each of one or more steps included in the manufacturing process steps, and
wherein the output unit (60) is further configured to output the determined value or value range. 3. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the machine learning device (200) comprises a neural network configured to perform the computation using the received object data,
wherein the neural network has been trained using training data including object data of one or more objects and information indicating sets of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the one or more objects, and wherein training of the neural network may be performed according to deep learning technique. 4. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to available hardware includes information indicating an operation schedule for available hardware elements,
wherein the AI engine (20) is configured to determine more than one hardware configuration, wherein the manufacturing support system further comprises:
a selection unit (40) configured to select one of said more than one hardware configuration based on a required delivery time for the object and the operation schedule, and
wherein the output unit (60) is configured to output the selected one of said more than one hardware configuration. 5. The manufacturing support system according to claim 4, wherein the AI engine (20) is further configured to determine priorities among said more than one hardware configuration, and
wherein the selection unit (40) is configured to select one of said more than one hardware configuration further based on the priorities among said more than one hardware configuration. 6. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a control information generation unit (50) configured to generate control information for controlling the manufacturing system with the determined hardware configuration based on the object data and/or the determined hardware configuration. 7. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining unit (10) is further configured to obtain information relating to a material, processing and/or a size of the object to be manufactured, and
wherein the AI engine (20) is further configured to:
receive, as a part of the input, the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured; and
determine the hardware configuration further using the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured. 8. A computer-implemented method for supporting manufacturing, the method comprising:
obtaining object data of an object to be manufactured; receiving, by an artificial intelligence, AI, engine (20), the object data as an input; determining, by the AI engine (20), manufacturing process steps to be carried out by the manufacturing system for manufacturing the object; determining, by the AI engine (20), a hardware configuration of a manufacturing system for manufacturing the object with reference to information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system; and outputting the determined manufacturing process steps and the determined hardware configuration, wherein the information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system includes information indicating, for at least part of possible manufacturing process steps, at least one hardware element that is available and that is required to perform the manufacturing process step, wherein said determining of the manufacturing process steps is performed by a machine learning device (200) comprised in the AI engine (20), said determining of the manufacturing process steps comprises:
receiving the object data as an input;
performing computation using the received object data; and
outputting information indicating at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object based on the computation, and
wherein said determining of the hardware configuration of the manufacturing system is performed by identifying, with reference to the information relating to available hardware, at least one hardware element required to perform each of one or more steps included in the at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object. 9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
determining, by the AI engine (20), a value or a value range for a parameter relating to each of one or more steps included in the manufacturing process steps; and outputting the determined value or value range. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the machine learning device (200) comprises a neural network configured to perform the computation using the received object data,
wherein the method further comprises:
training the neural network using training data including object data of one or more objects and information indicating sets of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the one or more objects, and
wherein said training of the neural network may be performed according to deep learning technique. 11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the information relating to available hardware includes information indicating an operation schedule for available hardware elements,
wherein more than one hardware configuration is determined by the AI engine (20), wherein the method further comprises:
selecting one of said more than one hardware configuration based on a required delivery time for the object and the operation schedule, and
wherein the selected one of said more than one hardware configuration is output as the determined hardware configuration. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the AI engine (20) further determines priorities among said more than one hardware configuration, and
wherein said selecting one of said more than one hardware configuration is further based on the priorities among said more than one hardware configuration. 13. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
generating control information for controlling the manufacturing system with the determined hardware configuration based on the object data and/or the determined hardware configuration. 14. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
obtaining information relating to a material, processing and/or a size of the object to be manufactured, wherein the AI engine (20) further receives the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured, and wherein the AI engine (20) determines the hardware configuration of the manufacturing system further using the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured. 15. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions that, when loaded and run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the method according to claim 8. 16. A computer-implemented method for training an AI configured to: (i) receive object data of an object to be manufactured; (ii) perform computation using the received object data; and (iii) output information indicating at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object based on the computation, the method comprising:
training the AI using training data including object data of one or more objects and information indicating sets of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the one or more objects. | A manufacturing support system may be provided. The manufacturing support system may comprise: an obtaining unit (IO) configured to obtain object data of an object to be manufactured; an artificial intelligence, Al, engine (20) configured to receive the object data as an input and to determine a hardware configuration of a manufacturing system for manufacturing the object with reference to information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system; and an output unit (60) configured to output the determined hardware configuration.1. A manufacturing support system comprising:
an obtaining unit (10) configured to obtain object data of an object to be manufactured; an artificial intelligence, AI, engine (20) configured to receive the object data as an input and to determine:
manufacturing process steps to be carried out by the manufacturing system for manufacturing the object; and
a hardware configuration of a manufacturing system for manufacturing the object with reference to information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system; and
an output unit (60) configured to output the determined manufacturing process steps and the determined hardware configuration, wherein the information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system includes information indicating, for at least part of possible manufacturing process steps, at least one hardware element that is available and that is required to perform the manufacturing process step, wherein the AI engine (20) comprises:
a machine learning device (200) that is configured to:
receive the object data as an input;
perform computation using the received object data; and
output information indicating at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object based on the computation; and
a hardware information processing unit (212) that is configured to determine the hardware configuration of the manufacturing system by identifying, with reference to the information relating to available hardware, at least one hardware element required to perform each of one or more steps included in said at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object. 2. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the AI engine (20) is further configured to determine a value or a value range for a parameter relating to each of one or more steps included in the manufacturing process steps, and
wherein the output unit (60) is further configured to output the determined value or value range. 3. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the machine learning device (200) comprises a neural network configured to perform the computation using the received object data,
wherein the neural network has been trained using training data including object data of one or more objects and information indicating sets of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the one or more objects, and wherein training of the neural network may be performed according to deep learning technique. 4. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to available hardware includes information indicating an operation schedule for available hardware elements,
wherein the AI engine (20) is configured to determine more than one hardware configuration, wherein the manufacturing support system further comprises:
a selection unit (40) configured to select one of said more than one hardware configuration based on a required delivery time for the object and the operation schedule, and
wherein the output unit (60) is configured to output the selected one of said more than one hardware configuration. 5. The manufacturing support system according to claim 4, wherein the AI engine (20) is further configured to determine priorities among said more than one hardware configuration, and
wherein the selection unit (40) is configured to select one of said more than one hardware configuration further based on the priorities among said more than one hardware configuration. 6. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a control information generation unit (50) configured to generate control information for controlling the manufacturing system with the determined hardware configuration based on the object data and/or the determined hardware configuration. 7. The manufacturing support system according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining unit (10) is further configured to obtain information relating to a material, processing and/or a size of the object to be manufactured, and
wherein the AI engine (20) is further configured to:
receive, as a part of the input, the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured; and
determine the hardware configuration further using the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured. 8. A computer-implemented method for supporting manufacturing, the method comprising:
obtaining object data of an object to be manufactured; receiving, by an artificial intelligence, AI, engine (20), the object data as an input; determining, by the AI engine (20), manufacturing process steps to be carried out by the manufacturing system for manufacturing the object; determining, by the AI engine (20), a hardware configuration of a manufacturing system for manufacturing the object with reference to information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system; and outputting the determined manufacturing process steps and the determined hardware configuration, wherein the information relating to available hardware for the manufacturing system includes information indicating, for at least part of possible manufacturing process steps, at least one hardware element that is available and that is required to perform the manufacturing process step, wherein said determining of the manufacturing process steps is performed by a machine learning device (200) comprised in the AI engine (20), said determining of the manufacturing process steps comprises:
receiving the object data as an input;
performing computation using the received object data; and
outputting information indicating at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object based on the computation, and
wherein said determining of the hardware configuration of the manufacturing system is performed by identifying, with reference to the information relating to available hardware, at least one hardware element required to perform each of one or more steps included in the at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object. 9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
determining, by the AI engine (20), a value or a value range for a parameter relating to each of one or more steps included in the manufacturing process steps; and outputting the determined value or value range. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the machine learning device (200) comprises a neural network configured to perform the computation using the received object data,
wherein the method further comprises:
training the neural network using training data including object data of one or more objects and information indicating sets of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the one or more objects, and
wherein said training of the neural network may be performed according to deep learning technique. 11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the information relating to available hardware includes information indicating an operation schedule for available hardware elements,
wherein more than one hardware configuration is determined by the AI engine (20), wherein the method further comprises:
selecting one of said more than one hardware configuration based on a required delivery time for the object and the operation schedule, and
wherein the selected one of said more than one hardware configuration is output as the determined hardware configuration. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the AI engine (20) further determines priorities among said more than one hardware configuration, and
wherein said selecting one of said more than one hardware configuration is further based on the priorities among said more than one hardware configuration. 13. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
generating control information for controlling the manufacturing system with the determined hardware configuration based on the object data and/or the determined hardware configuration. 14. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
obtaining information relating to a material, processing and/or a size of the object to be manufactured, wherein the AI engine (20) further receives the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured, and wherein the AI engine (20) determines the hardware configuration of the manufacturing system further using the information relating to the material, the processing and/or the size of the object to be manufactured. 15. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions that, when loaded and run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the method according to claim 8. 16. A computer-implemented method for training an AI configured to: (i) receive object data of an object to be manufactured; (ii) perform computation using the received object data; and (iii) output information indicating at least one set of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the object based on the computation, the method comprising:
training the AI using training data including object data of one or more objects and information indicating sets of manufacturing process steps for manufacturing the one or more objects. | 1,700 |
345,615 | 16,804,029 | 1,721 | Techniques are provided for operation of a vehicle in the event of an emergency. The techniques include receiving, using one or more sensors of a vehicle operating within an environment, sensor data representing an object located within the environment. The sensor data is used to identify whether the object is an emergency vehicle. Responsive to identifying that the object is an emergency vehicle, the sensor data is used to determine whether the emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode. Responsive to determining that the emergency vehicle is operating in the emergency mode, instructions representing an emergency operation for the vehicle are transmitted to a control module of the vehicle. The control module of the vehicle operates the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. | 1. A method comprising:
responsive to determining that an emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode, transmitting, to a control module of a vehicle, instructions representing an emergency operation for the vehicle; detecting, using one or more sensors of the vehicle, presence of one or more objects; determining, using the one or more sensors, that at least one object of the one or more objects is located within a threshold distance of the vehicle; displaying, to the at least one object, a message indicating that the vehicle is operating in accordance with the emergency operation; and operating, using the control module of the vehicle, the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one object is another vehicle, and wherein the message comprises an instruction for the other vehicle to follow the vehicle. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one object is a pedestrian. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the emergency operation comprises at least one of pulling over to a side of a road on which the vehicle is operating, stopping the vehicle, reducing an operating speed of the vehicle, or adjusting a trajectory of the vehicle. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the message comprises an address of a safe location that the vehicle is navigating to. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the displaying of the message comprises broadcasting, using one or more loudspeakers of the vehicle, audible information. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the displaying of the message comprises transmitting, to a display device of the vehicle, text or graphical information. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the displaying of the message comprises broadcasting, using a beacon of the vehicle, the message. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising transmitting, to a server, the message, such that the server is enabled to transmit rerouting information to one or more other vehicles. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising transmitting, to a controller of a traffic signal, the message, such that the controller is enabled to turn the traffic signal green to allow the vehicle to operate in accordance with the emergency operation. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the semantic data comprises a logical driving constraint associated with navigating the vehicle to the drivable area. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the embedded instructions further comprise instructions to determine, using the sensor data, a spatial location of the vehicle relative to a boundary of the drivable area. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sensors comprise a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) sensor or an inertial measurement unit (IMU). 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the feature comprises a color of an object within the environment or a marking on the drivable area. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
receiving, from the emergency vehicle, instructions representing the emergency operation for the vehicle, wherein the vehicle is operating autonomously; and overriding, using the one or more processors, the autonomous operation of the vehicle. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, using the sensors that the emergency vehicle has terminated operating in the emergency mode; and resuming, using the control module, the autonomous operation. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising broadcasting, using a beacon of the vehicle, information indicating that the vehicle is resuming the autonomous operation. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the displaying of the message comprises presenting the message on at least one of a window of the vehicle, a windshield of the vehicle, a door of the vehicle, or a hood of the vehicle. 19. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by one or more computer processors, the instructions when executed by the one or more computer processors cause the one or more computer processors to:
responsive to determining that an emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode, transmit, to a control module of a vehicle, a first message representing an emergency operation for the vehicle; detect, using one or more sensors of the vehicle, presence of one or more objects; determine, using the one or more sensors, that at least one object of the one or more objects is located within a threshold distance of the vehicle; display, to the at least one object, a second message indicating that the vehicle is operating in accordance with the emergency operation; and operate, using the control module of the vehicle, the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. 20. A vehicle comprising:
one or more computer processors; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by one or more computer processors, the instructions when executed by the one or more computer processors cause the one or more computer processors to:
responsive to determining that an emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode, transmit, to a control module of a vehicle, a first message representing an emergency operation for the vehicle;
detect, using one or more sensors of the vehicle, presence of one or more objects;
determine, using the one or more sensors, that at least one object of the one or more objects is located within a threshold distance of the vehicle;
display, to the at least one object, a second message indicating that the vehicle is operating in accordance with the emergency operation; and
operate, using the control module of the vehicle, the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. | Techniques are provided for operation of a vehicle in the event of an emergency. The techniques include receiving, using one or more sensors of a vehicle operating within an environment, sensor data representing an object located within the environment. The sensor data is used to identify whether the object is an emergency vehicle. Responsive to identifying that the object is an emergency vehicle, the sensor data is used to determine whether the emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode. Responsive to determining that the emergency vehicle is operating in the emergency mode, instructions representing an emergency operation for the vehicle are transmitted to a control module of the vehicle. The control module of the vehicle operates the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation.1. A method comprising:
responsive to determining that an emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode, transmitting, to a control module of a vehicle, instructions representing an emergency operation for the vehicle; detecting, using one or more sensors of the vehicle, presence of one or more objects; determining, using the one or more sensors, that at least one object of the one or more objects is located within a threshold distance of the vehicle; displaying, to the at least one object, a message indicating that the vehicle is operating in accordance with the emergency operation; and operating, using the control module of the vehicle, the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one object is another vehicle, and wherein the message comprises an instruction for the other vehicle to follow the vehicle. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one object is a pedestrian. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the emergency operation comprises at least one of pulling over to a side of a road on which the vehicle is operating, stopping the vehicle, reducing an operating speed of the vehicle, or adjusting a trajectory of the vehicle. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the message comprises an address of a safe location that the vehicle is navigating to. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the displaying of the message comprises broadcasting, using one or more loudspeakers of the vehicle, audible information. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the displaying of the message comprises transmitting, to a display device of the vehicle, text or graphical information. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the displaying of the message comprises broadcasting, using a beacon of the vehicle, the message. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising transmitting, to a server, the message, such that the server is enabled to transmit rerouting information to one or more other vehicles. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising transmitting, to a controller of a traffic signal, the message, such that the controller is enabled to turn the traffic signal green to allow the vehicle to operate in accordance with the emergency operation. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the semantic data comprises a logical driving constraint associated with navigating the vehicle to the drivable area. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the embedded instructions further comprise instructions to determine, using the sensor data, a spatial location of the vehicle relative to a boundary of the drivable area. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sensors comprise a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) sensor or an inertial measurement unit (IMU). 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the feature comprises a color of an object within the environment or a marking on the drivable area. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
receiving, from the emergency vehicle, instructions representing the emergency operation for the vehicle, wherein the vehicle is operating autonomously; and overriding, using the one or more processors, the autonomous operation of the vehicle. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, using the sensors that the emergency vehicle has terminated operating in the emergency mode; and resuming, using the control module, the autonomous operation. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising broadcasting, using a beacon of the vehicle, information indicating that the vehicle is resuming the autonomous operation. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the displaying of the message comprises presenting the message on at least one of a window of the vehicle, a windshield of the vehicle, a door of the vehicle, or a hood of the vehicle. 19. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by one or more computer processors, the instructions when executed by the one or more computer processors cause the one or more computer processors to:
responsive to determining that an emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode, transmit, to a control module of a vehicle, a first message representing an emergency operation for the vehicle; detect, using one or more sensors of the vehicle, presence of one or more objects; determine, using the one or more sensors, that at least one object of the one or more objects is located within a threshold distance of the vehicle; display, to the at least one object, a second message indicating that the vehicle is operating in accordance with the emergency operation; and operate, using the control module of the vehicle, the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. 20. A vehicle comprising:
one or more computer processors; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by one or more computer processors, the instructions when executed by the one or more computer processors cause the one or more computer processors to:
responsive to determining that an emergency vehicle is operating in an emergency mode, transmit, to a control module of a vehicle, a first message representing an emergency operation for the vehicle;
detect, using one or more sensors of the vehicle, presence of one or more objects;
determine, using the one or more sensors, that at least one object of the one or more objects is located within a threshold distance of the vehicle;
display, to the at least one object, a second message indicating that the vehicle is operating in accordance with the emergency operation; and
operate, using the control module of the vehicle, the vehicle in accordance with the emergency operation. | 1,700 |
345,616 | 16,804,012 | 1,721 | In a base station, in cases where a repeater device capable of performing radio communication with a communication terminal is in a control channel state to control entire communication, a site controller determines whether an internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or higher than a preset first temperature threshold, and when the internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or higher than the first temperature threshold, the site controller brings the repeater device from the control channel state to an unavailable state, after bringing another repeater device that is in an idle state where nothing is processed, to the control channel state. Thereafter, when the internal temperature of the repeater device becomes equal to or lower than a preset second temperature threshold and when a predetermined time is elapsed, the site controller brings the repeater device from the unavailable state to the idle state. | 1. A radio relay apparatus comprising:
a repeater device including a processing unit capable of performing radio communication with a communication terminal, and capable of switching a channel state, and a temperature measuring unit configured to measure a temperature; and a site controller configured to manage a state of the repeater device, wherein in cases where the state of the repeater device is a control channel state to control entire communication, and an internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or more than a first temperature threshold set in advance, the site controller brings the repeater device from the control channel state to an unavailable state. 2. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein before bringing the repeater device from the control channel state to the unavailable state, the site controller brings another repeater device that is not set to the control channel state or a communication channel state and is in an idle state that is not the unavailable state, to the control channel state. 3. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the site controller allows the repeater device to notify the communication terminal of the fact that the state of the another repeater device is brought to the control channel state, and thereafter brings the repeater device from the control channel state to the unavailable state. 4. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in cases where the internal temperature of the repeater device in the unavailable state is equal to or less than a second temperature threshold set in advance, and a predetermined time has elapsed after the state of the repeater device is brought to the unavailable state, the site controller brings the repeater device from the unavailable state to the idle state. 5. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when a timer interrupt based on a preset timer time occurs, in cases where among a plurality of repeater devices including the repeater device, there exist repeater devices each in the idle state, the site controller brings a repeater device in the idle state, the internal temperature of which is the lowest, to the control channel state. 6. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the state of the repeater device changes, the site controller initializes a value of an elapsed time after a change of the state, and starts a new count. 7. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the site controller stores number of times of assignment for the repeater device to the control channel state in the past, and a highest temperature at that time. 8. A temperature control method for a radio relay apparatus, the temperature control method comprising:
determining whether a state of a repeater device capable of performing radio communication with a communication terminal and capable of switching a channel state is a control channel state to control entire communication; monitoring an internal temperature of the repeater device, in cases where the state of the repeater device is the control channel state; determining whether the internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or more than a first temperature threshold set in advance; and bringing the repeater device from the control channel state to an unavailable state, in cases where the internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or more than the first temperature threshold. | In a base station, in cases where a repeater device capable of performing radio communication with a communication terminal is in a control channel state to control entire communication, a site controller determines whether an internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or higher than a preset first temperature threshold, and when the internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or higher than the first temperature threshold, the site controller brings the repeater device from the control channel state to an unavailable state, after bringing another repeater device that is in an idle state where nothing is processed, to the control channel state. Thereafter, when the internal temperature of the repeater device becomes equal to or lower than a preset second temperature threshold and when a predetermined time is elapsed, the site controller brings the repeater device from the unavailable state to the idle state.1. A radio relay apparatus comprising:
a repeater device including a processing unit capable of performing radio communication with a communication terminal, and capable of switching a channel state, and a temperature measuring unit configured to measure a temperature; and a site controller configured to manage a state of the repeater device, wherein in cases where the state of the repeater device is a control channel state to control entire communication, and an internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or more than a first temperature threshold set in advance, the site controller brings the repeater device from the control channel state to an unavailable state. 2. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein before bringing the repeater device from the control channel state to the unavailable state, the site controller brings another repeater device that is not set to the control channel state or a communication channel state and is in an idle state that is not the unavailable state, to the control channel state. 3. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the site controller allows the repeater device to notify the communication terminal of the fact that the state of the another repeater device is brought to the control channel state, and thereafter brings the repeater device from the control channel state to the unavailable state. 4. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in cases where the internal temperature of the repeater device in the unavailable state is equal to or less than a second temperature threshold set in advance, and a predetermined time has elapsed after the state of the repeater device is brought to the unavailable state, the site controller brings the repeater device from the unavailable state to the idle state. 5. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when a timer interrupt based on a preset timer time occurs, in cases where among a plurality of repeater devices including the repeater device, there exist repeater devices each in the idle state, the site controller brings a repeater device in the idle state, the internal temperature of which is the lowest, to the control channel state. 6. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the state of the repeater device changes, the site controller initializes a value of an elapsed time after a change of the state, and starts a new count. 7. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the site controller stores number of times of assignment for the repeater device to the control channel state in the past, and a highest temperature at that time. 8. A temperature control method for a radio relay apparatus, the temperature control method comprising:
determining whether a state of a repeater device capable of performing radio communication with a communication terminal and capable of switching a channel state is a control channel state to control entire communication; monitoring an internal temperature of the repeater device, in cases where the state of the repeater device is the control channel state; determining whether the internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or more than a first temperature threshold set in advance; and bringing the repeater device from the control channel state to an unavailable state, in cases where the internal temperature of the repeater device is equal to or more than the first temperature threshold. | 1,700 |
345,617 | 16,804,008 | 1,721 | The present invention provides medium compositions and methods for the regeneration of the whole plant from explants obtained from plants belonging to the Malvaceae family, particularly the Abelmoschus genus, more preferably Abelmoschus esculentus L, through somatic embryogenesis. The present invention also provides an efficient methodology for genetic transformation of plants belonging to the Malvaceae family through somatic embryogenesis in semisolid culture with the use of the Agrobacterium. The present invention is also related to a method for the development of virus-resistant transgenic plants belonging to the Malvaceae family. | 1. A method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA, comprising of:
i. co-cultivating hypocotyl segment explants with Agrobacterium; ii. inducing antibiotic-resistant calli from co-cultivated hypocotyl segments and converting antibiotic-resistant calli into embryogenic calli and inducing somatic embryos in a semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) based tissue culture medium further comprising:
a) subculturing antibiotic-resistant calli twice at an interval of 3 to 4 weeks for the multiplication of antibiotic-resistant calli; and
b) subculturing antibiotic-resistant calli once in 3 to 4 weeks for the induction of embryogenic calli and somatic embryos;
iii. maturing somatic embryos and germinating matured somatic embryos further comprising:
a) culturing somatic embryos for three weeks in MS based Somatic Embryo Maturation medium (SEMM) for embryo maturation;
b) culturing matured somatic embryos for three weeks in a desiccation medium comprising Stewart's based medium supplemented with 20 g/L of agar; and
c) germinating somatic embryos into transgenic plants with roots in Stewart's based culture medium under a 16:8 hours day:night photoperiod at a temperature of 26±2° C.; and
iv. hardening and allowing further growth of regenerated transgenic plants under greenhouse conditions. 2. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein the culture for the co-cultivation of explants with Agrobacterium tumefaciens comprises of plasmid harbouring virus-resistant gene constructs such as Replicase Antisense in MS liquid medium. 3. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein the induction of antibiotic-resistant calli from co-cultivated explants is carried out in Callusing/Embryogenic Calli Induction Medium (C/ECIM) comprising of MS medium supplemented with 25 mg/L Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), combination of an auxin 2,4-D and a cytokinin Kinetin in a ratio of 5:1 by weight, 0.1 to 100 mg/L, preferably 25 mg/L Geneticin, and 10 to 1000 mg/L, preferably 300 mg/L Cefotaxime, at 26±2° C. in a culture room under dark conditions for 3 to 4 weeks, and the subculturing of antibiotic-resistant calli is carried out twice at an interval of 3 to 4 weeks in the same medium for the multiplication of antibiotic-resistant calli. 4. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein subculturing of antibiotic-resistant calli is carried out once in 3 to 4 weeks in Callusing/Embryogenic Calli Induction Medium (C/ECIM) comprising of MS medium supplemented with 25 mg/L Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), combination of an auxin 2,4-D and a cytokinin Kinetin in a ratio of 5:1 by weight, 0.1 to 100 mg/L, preferably 25 mg/L Geneticin, and 10 to 1000 mg/L, preferably 300 mg/L Cefotaxime, at 26±2° C. in a culture room under dark conditions for the induction of embryogenic calli and somatic embryos. 5. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein culturing of the somatic embryos for three weeks is carried out in a Somatic Embryo Maturation Medium (SEMM) comprising of MS based medium supplemented with Abscisic acid (ABA) and glutamine in a ratio of 0.5:50.0 mg/L for embryo maturation. 6. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein culturing of the matured somatic embryos is carried out for three weeks in a desiccation medium comprising of Stewart's medium supplemented with 20.0 g/L agar. 7. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein germination of somatic embryos into transgenic okra plants with roots is carried out in a Somatic Embryo Germinating Medium (SEGM) comprising of MS medium supplemented with 0.1 to 100 mg/L, preferably 15 mg/L Geneticin under a 16:8 hours day:night photoperiod at a temperature of 26±2° C. 8. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein the plants developed are transgenic and resistant to viral infections. | The present invention provides medium compositions and methods for the regeneration of the whole plant from explants obtained from plants belonging to the Malvaceae family, particularly the Abelmoschus genus, more preferably Abelmoschus esculentus L, through somatic embryogenesis. The present invention also provides an efficient methodology for genetic transformation of plants belonging to the Malvaceae family through somatic embryogenesis in semisolid culture with the use of the Agrobacterium. The present invention is also related to a method for the development of virus-resistant transgenic plants belonging to the Malvaceae family.1. A method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA, comprising of:
i. co-cultivating hypocotyl segment explants with Agrobacterium; ii. inducing antibiotic-resistant calli from co-cultivated hypocotyl segments and converting antibiotic-resistant calli into embryogenic calli and inducing somatic embryos in a semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) based tissue culture medium further comprising:
a) subculturing antibiotic-resistant calli twice at an interval of 3 to 4 weeks for the multiplication of antibiotic-resistant calli; and
b) subculturing antibiotic-resistant calli once in 3 to 4 weeks for the induction of embryogenic calli and somatic embryos;
iii. maturing somatic embryos and germinating matured somatic embryos further comprising:
a) culturing somatic embryos for three weeks in MS based Somatic Embryo Maturation medium (SEMM) for embryo maturation;
b) culturing matured somatic embryos for three weeks in a desiccation medium comprising Stewart's based medium supplemented with 20 g/L of agar; and
c) germinating somatic embryos into transgenic plants with roots in Stewart's based culture medium under a 16:8 hours day:night photoperiod at a temperature of 26±2° C.; and
iv. hardening and allowing further growth of regenerated transgenic plants under greenhouse conditions. 2. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein the culture for the co-cultivation of explants with Agrobacterium tumefaciens comprises of plasmid harbouring virus-resistant gene constructs such as Replicase Antisense in MS liquid medium. 3. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein the induction of antibiotic-resistant calli from co-cultivated explants is carried out in Callusing/Embryogenic Calli Induction Medium (C/ECIM) comprising of MS medium supplemented with 25 mg/L Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), combination of an auxin 2,4-D and a cytokinin Kinetin in a ratio of 5:1 by weight, 0.1 to 100 mg/L, preferably 25 mg/L Geneticin, and 10 to 1000 mg/L, preferably 300 mg/L Cefotaxime, at 26±2° C. in a culture room under dark conditions for 3 to 4 weeks, and the subculturing of antibiotic-resistant calli is carried out twice at an interval of 3 to 4 weeks in the same medium for the multiplication of antibiotic-resistant calli. 4. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein subculturing of antibiotic-resistant calli is carried out once in 3 to 4 weeks in Callusing/Embryogenic Calli Induction Medium (C/ECIM) comprising of MS medium supplemented with 25 mg/L Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), combination of an auxin 2,4-D and a cytokinin Kinetin in a ratio of 5:1 by weight, 0.1 to 100 mg/L, preferably 25 mg/L Geneticin, and 10 to 1000 mg/L, preferably 300 mg/L Cefotaxime, at 26±2° C. in a culture room under dark conditions for the induction of embryogenic calli and somatic embryos. 5. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein culturing of the somatic embryos for three weeks is carried out in a Somatic Embryo Maturation Medium (SEMM) comprising of MS based medium supplemented with Abscisic acid (ABA) and glutamine in a ratio of 0.5:50.0 mg/L for embryo maturation. 6. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein culturing of the matured somatic embryos is carried out for three weeks in a desiccation medium comprising of Stewart's medium supplemented with 20.0 g/L agar. 7. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein germination of somatic embryos into transgenic okra plants with roots is carried out in a Somatic Embryo Germinating Medium (SEGM) comprising of MS medium supplemented with 0.1 to 100 mg/L, preferably 15 mg/L Geneticin under a 16:8 hours day:night photoperiod at a temperature of 26±2° C. 8. The method for producing a plant belonging to an Abelmoschus species containing foreign DNA of claim 1, wherein the plants developed are transgenic and resistant to viral infections. | 1,700 |
345,618 | 16,804,031 | 1,721 | A control device including: a breast thickness acquisition unit that acquires a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; a depth information acquisition unit that, in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquires depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; a deriving unit that derives imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the thickness of the breast acquired by the breast thickness acquisition unit and the depth information acquired by the depth information acquisition unit; and an output unit that outputs the imaging information derived by the deriving unit. | 1. A control device comprising:
a breast thickness acquisition unit that acquires a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; a depth information acquisition unit that, in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquires depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; a deriving unit that derives imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the thickness of the breast acquired by the breast thickness acquisition unit and the depth information acquired by the depth information acquisition unit; and an output unit that outputs the imaging information derived by the deriving unit. 2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image does not satisfy the predetermined accuracy in a case where the thickness of the breast is thicker than a thickness corresponding to the depth indicated by the depth information. 3. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image satisfies the predetermined accuracy in a case where the thickness of the breast is equal to or less than a thickness corresponding to the depth indicated by the depth information. 4. The control device according to claim 1, wherein:
the depth information acquisition unit acquires the depth information of each of a plurality of the ultrasonography apparatuses, and the deriving unit derives the depth information for each of the plurality of ultrasonography apparatuses. 5. The control device according to claim 4, wherein the output unit outputs the imaging information only to the ultrasonography apparatus for which the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image satisfies the predetermined accuracy is derived by the deriving unit, among the plurality of ultrasonography apparatuses. 6. The control device according to claim 4, wherein the output unit outputs the imaging information only to the ultrasonography apparatus for which the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image does not satisfy the predetermined accuracy is derived by the deriving unit, among the plurality of ultrasonography apparatuses. 7. The control device according to claim 1, wherein in a case where capture of a radiographic image of the breast by a radiography apparatus and the capture of the ultrasound image of the breast are continuously performed while the breast is in the pressed state, the deriving unit derives the imaging information before the capture of the radiographic image, and the output unit outputs the imaging information before the capture of the radiographic image. 8. The control device according to claim 1, wherein, in a case where capture of a radiographic image of the breast by a radiography apparatus and the capture of the ultrasound image of the breast are continuously performed while the breast is in the pressed state, the deriving unit derives the imaging information before the capture of the ultrasound image and after the capture of the radiographic image, and the output unit outputs the imaging information before the capture of the ultrasound image and after the capture of the radiographic image. 9. The control device according to claim 8, further comprising:
a radiographic image acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of reconstructed images obtained by reconstructing radiographic images captured at different irradiation angles, which are obtained, in a case where the capture of the radiographic image is tomosynthesis imaging in which a radiation source irradiates the breast with radiation at the irradiation angles and a radiation detector captures the radiographic image at each of the irradiation angles; and a display control unit that performs control of causing a display unit to display the reconstructed image, information indicating a position of the breast in a height direction indicated by the reconstructed image, and the imaging information associated with the information indicating the position in the height direction. 10. The control device according to claim 9, wherein the display control unit performs control of causing the display unit to display the imaging information in association with the reconstructed image in a case where the display unit displays the reconstructed image within a range where the capture of the ultrasound image does not satisfy the predetermined accuracy on the basis of the imaging information. 11. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a display control unit that performs control of causing a display unit to display the imaging information output by the output unit. 12. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a display control unit that performs control of causing a display unit to display an image simulating the breast in the pressed state by adding information indicating at least one of a region where the predetermined accuracy is satisfied or a region where the predetermined accuracy is not satisfied to the image. 13. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing member information acquisition unit that acquires pressing member information indicating at least one of a thickness of the pressing member or hardness of the pressing member, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information on the basis of the thickness of the breast, the depth information, and the pressing member information. 14. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information on the basis of the thickness of the breast, the depth information, and mammary gland density of the breast. 15. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing member control unit that, in a case where a difference between the thickness of the breast and a thickness corresponding to the depth indicated by the depth information is within a movement allowable range of the pressing member, which presses the breast, in a height direction, on the basis of information indicating the movement allowable range performs control to move the pressing member to a position where the thickness of the breast in the pressed state becomes the depth indicated by the depth information. 16. A medical imaging system comprising:
a mammography apparatus which includes a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a pressing member that presses a breast disposed between the radiation source and the radiation detector to a pressed state, and which causes the radiation detector to capture a radiographic image of the breast in the pressed state; an ultrasonography apparatus that captures an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state by the pressing member of the mammography apparatus; and the control device according to claim 1, which controls capture of the ultrasound image by the ultrasonography apparatus. 17. A medical imaging system comprising:
a medical imaging apparatus which includes a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a pressing member that presses a breast disposed between the radiation source and the radiation detector to a pressed state, which causes the radiation detector to capture a radiographic image of the breast in the pressed state, and which captures an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state; and the control device according to claim 1, which controls the medical imaging apparatus. 18. A control method for a computer to execute a process comprising:
acquiring a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquiring depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; deriving imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the acquired thickness of the breast and the acquired depth information; and outputting the derived imaging information. 19. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a control program causing a computer to execute a process comprising:
acquiring a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquiring depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; deriving imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the acquired thickness of the breast and the acquired depth information; and outputting the derived imaging information. | A control device including: a breast thickness acquisition unit that acquires a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; a depth information acquisition unit that, in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquires depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; a deriving unit that derives imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the thickness of the breast acquired by the breast thickness acquisition unit and the depth information acquired by the depth information acquisition unit; and an output unit that outputs the imaging information derived by the deriving unit.1. A control device comprising:
a breast thickness acquisition unit that acquires a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; a depth information acquisition unit that, in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquires depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; a deriving unit that derives imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the thickness of the breast acquired by the breast thickness acquisition unit and the depth information acquired by the depth information acquisition unit; and an output unit that outputs the imaging information derived by the deriving unit. 2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image does not satisfy the predetermined accuracy in a case where the thickness of the breast is thicker than a thickness corresponding to the depth indicated by the depth information. 3. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image satisfies the predetermined accuracy in a case where the thickness of the breast is equal to or less than a thickness corresponding to the depth indicated by the depth information. 4. The control device according to claim 1, wherein:
the depth information acquisition unit acquires the depth information of each of a plurality of the ultrasonography apparatuses, and the deriving unit derives the depth information for each of the plurality of ultrasonography apparatuses. 5. The control device according to claim 4, wherein the output unit outputs the imaging information only to the ultrasonography apparatus for which the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image satisfies the predetermined accuracy is derived by the deriving unit, among the plurality of ultrasonography apparatuses. 6. The control device according to claim 4, wherein the output unit outputs the imaging information only to the ultrasonography apparatus for which the imaging information indicating that the capture of the ultrasound image does not satisfy the predetermined accuracy is derived by the deriving unit, among the plurality of ultrasonography apparatuses. 7. The control device according to claim 1, wherein in a case where capture of a radiographic image of the breast by a radiography apparatus and the capture of the ultrasound image of the breast are continuously performed while the breast is in the pressed state, the deriving unit derives the imaging information before the capture of the radiographic image, and the output unit outputs the imaging information before the capture of the radiographic image. 8. The control device according to claim 1, wherein, in a case where capture of a radiographic image of the breast by a radiography apparatus and the capture of the ultrasound image of the breast are continuously performed while the breast is in the pressed state, the deriving unit derives the imaging information before the capture of the ultrasound image and after the capture of the radiographic image, and the output unit outputs the imaging information before the capture of the ultrasound image and after the capture of the radiographic image. 9. The control device according to claim 8, further comprising:
a radiographic image acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of reconstructed images obtained by reconstructing radiographic images captured at different irradiation angles, which are obtained, in a case where the capture of the radiographic image is tomosynthesis imaging in which a radiation source irradiates the breast with radiation at the irradiation angles and a radiation detector captures the radiographic image at each of the irradiation angles; and a display control unit that performs control of causing a display unit to display the reconstructed image, information indicating a position of the breast in a height direction indicated by the reconstructed image, and the imaging information associated with the information indicating the position in the height direction. 10. The control device according to claim 9, wherein the display control unit performs control of causing the display unit to display the imaging information in association with the reconstructed image in a case where the display unit displays the reconstructed image within a range where the capture of the ultrasound image does not satisfy the predetermined accuracy on the basis of the imaging information. 11. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a display control unit that performs control of causing a display unit to display the imaging information output by the output unit. 12. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a display control unit that performs control of causing a display unit to display an image simulating the breast in the pressed state by adding information indicating at least one of a region where the predetermined accuracy is satisfied or a region where the predetermined accuracy is not satisfied to the image. 13. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing member information acquisition unit that acquires pressing member information indicating at least one of a thickness of the pressing member or hardness of the pressing member, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information on the basis of the thickness of the breast, the depth information, and the pressing member information. 14. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the imaging information on the basis of the thickness of the breast, the depth information, and mammary gland density of the breast. 15. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing member control unit that, in a case where a difference between the thickness of the breast and a thickness corresponding to the depth indicated by the depth information is within a movement allowable range of the pressing member, which presses the breast, in a height direction, on the basis of information indicating the movement allowable range performs control to move the pressing member to a position where the thickness of the breast in the pressed state becomes the depth indicated by the depth information. 16. A medical imaging system comprising:
a mammography apparatus which includes a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a pressing member that presses a breast disposed between the radiation source and the radiation detector to a pressed state, and which causes the radiation detector to capture a radiographic image of the breast in the pressed state; an ultrasonography apparatus that captures an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state by the pressing member of the mammography apparatus; and the control device according to claim 1, which controls capture of the ultrasound image by the ultrasonography apparatus. 17. A medical imaging system comprising:
a medical imaging apparatus which includes a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a pressing member that presses a breast disposed between the radiation source and the radiation detector to a pressed state, which causes the radiation detector to capture a radiographic image of the breast in the pressed state, and which captures an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state; and the control device according to claim 1, which controls the medical imaging apparatus. 18. A control method for a computer to execute a process comprising:
acquiring a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquiring depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; deriving imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the acquired thickness of the breast and the acquired depth information; and outputting the derived imaging information. 19. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a control program causing a computer to execute a process comprising:
acquiring a thickness of a breast in a pressed state by a pressing member; in a case where an ultrasound image of the breast in the pressed state is captured, acquiring depth information indicating a depth to which imaging by an ultrasonography apparatus which captures the ultrasound image is possible; deriving imaging information indicating whether or not capture of an ultrasound image having predetermined accuracy or higher is possible by the ultrasonography apparatus on the basis of the acquired thickness of the breast and the acquired depth information; and outputting the derived imaging information. | 1,700 |
345,619 | 16,804,006 | 1,721 | A connector includes a housing having a terminal receiving chamber having an opening on one or both of opposite sides in a preset direction crossing an insertion direction of a connection terminal; and a side retainer having a pair of opposed plate portions disposed in positions to sandwich the housing from the opposite sides in the preset direction. The side retainer is attached laterally to the housing and movably supported on the housing to move between a temporary locking position to temporarily lock the connection terminal and a formal locking position to formally lock the connection terminal. One or both of the opposed plate portions of the side retainer covers one or both of the opposite sides of the terminal receiving chamber when the side retainer locates at the formal locking position. | 1. A connector comprising:
a housing having a terminal receiving chamber having an opening on one or both of opposite sides in a preset direction crossing an insertion direction of a connection terminal; and a side retainer having a pair of opposed plate portions disposed in positions to sandwich the housing from the opposite sides in the preset direction, the side retainer being attached laterally to the housing and movably supported on the housing to move between a temporary locking position to temporarily lock the connection terminal and a formal locking position to formally lock the connection terminal, one or both of the opposed plate portions of the side retainer covering one or both of the opposite sides of the terminal receiving chamber upon the side retainer being at the formal locking position, the side retainer including a front plate portion disposed on a front side of the housing in the insertion direction to connect front end portions of the pair of the opposed plate portions to each other. 2. The connector according to claim 1, wherein
the opposed plate portion of the side retainer covering the terminal receiving chamber at the formal locking position includes a temporary locking portion to temporarily lock the connection terminal in the terminal receiving chamber at the temporary locking position and a formal locking portion to formally lock the connection terminal in the terminal receiving chamber at the formal locking position, the housing includes a rear locking portion to lock at least a rear end portion of the opposed plate portion of the side retainer at the temporary locking position to regulate the rear end portion of the opposed plate portion from moving outward in the preset direction, the opposed plate portion at the temporary locking position is pressed by the connection terminal through the temporary locking portion and bent outward in the preset direction to allow insertion of the connection terminal when the connection terminal is inserted into the terminal receiving chamber. 3. The connector according to claim 2, wherein
the housing includes a front locking portion to lock at least the front end portion of the opposed plate portion at the temporary locking position to regulate the front end portion of the opposed plate portion from moving outward in the preset direction. | A connector includes a housing having a terminal receiving chamber having an opening on one or both of opposite sides in a preset direction crossing an insertion direction of a connection terminal; and a side retainer having a pair of opposed plate portions disposed in positions to sandwich the housing from the opposite sides in the preset direction. The side retainer is attached laterally to the housing and movably supported on the housing to move between a temporary locking position to temporarily lock the connection terminal and a formal locking position to formally lock the connection terminal. One or both of the opposed plate portions of the side retainer covers one or both of the opposite sides of the terminal receiving chamber when the side retainer locates at the formal locking position.1. A connector comprising:
a housing having a terminal receiving chamber having an opening on one or both of opposite sides in a preset direction crossing an insertion direction of a connection terminal; and a side retainer having a pair of opposed plate portions disposed in positions to sandwich the housing from the opposite sides in the preset direction, the side retainer being attached laterally to the housing and movably supported on the housing to move between a temporary locking position to temporarily lock the connection terminal and a formal locking position to formally lock the connection terminal, one or both of the opposed plate portions of the side retainer covering one or both of the opposite sides of the terminal receiving chamber upon the side retainer being at the formal locking position, the side retainer including a front plate portion disposed on a front side of the housing in the insertion direction to connect front end portions of the pair of the opposed plate portions to each other. 2. The connector according to claim 1, wherein
the opposed plate portion of the side retainer covering the terminal receiving chamber at the formal locking position includes a temporary locking portion to temporarily lock the connection terminal in the terminal receiving chamber at the temporary locking position and a formal locking portion to formally lock the connection terminal in the terminal receiving chamber at the formal locking position, the housing includes a rear locking portion to lock at least a rear end portion of the opposed plate portion of the side retainer at the temporary locking position to regulate the rear end portion of the opposed plate portion from moving outward in the preset direction, the opposed plate portion at the temporary locking position is pressed by the connection terminal through the temporary locking portion and bent outward in the preset direction to allow insertion of the connection terminal when the connection terminal is inserted into the terminal receiving chamber. 3. The connector according to claim 2, wherein
the housing includes a front locking portion to lock at least the front end portion of the opposed plate portion at the temporary locking position to regulate the front end portion of the opposed plate portion from moving outward in the preset direction. | 1,700 |
345,620 | 16,804,011 | 1,721 | A vehicle control device includes: a recognizer configured to recognize a surrounding environment of a vehicle; a driving controller configured to perform driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition from the recognizer; and an information acquirer configured to acquire surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control of the driving controller, and to upload the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. | 1. A vehicle control device comprising:
a recognizer configured to recognize a surrounding environment of a vehicle; a driving controller configured to perform driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition from the recognizer; and an information acquirer configured to acquire surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control of the driving controller, and to upload the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. 2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the information acquirer is configured to acquire the surrounding environment information when the driving controller performs the driving control in the period. 3. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the driving controller is configured to perform the driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information when a predetermined condition has been satisfied. 4. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that the predetermined space is a parking lot in which map information has not been registered in the external device. 5. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that uploading of the surrounding environment information is permitted by a user of the vehicle. 6. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the driving controller is configured to perform driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information in a limited range when a travel distance that the vehicle travels to acquire the surrounding environment information is limited by a user of the vehicle. 7. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the driving controller is configured to perform driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information in a limited range when the number of times the vehicle is parked to acquire the surrounding environment information is limited by a user of the vehicle. 8. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the driving controller is configured to derive a travelable distance on the basis of an amount of residual energy of the vehicle, to select the shorter of the derived travelable distance and a travel distance which is limited by a user of the vehicle, and to perform driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information in a range of the selected distance. 9. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
further comprising a congestion situation determiner configured to determine whether the predetermined space is congested, wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that the congestion situation determiner determines that the predetermined space is not congested. 10. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the predetermined space is a parking lot, and wherein the period is a period after the vehicle enters the parking lot and before the vehicle exits the parking lot. 11. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the information acquirer is configured to acquire the surrounding environment information on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer when the vehicle is traveling without a driver in the predetermined space. 12. A vehicle control system comprising:
the vehicle control device according to claim 1; and the external device including a point manager configured to determine points which are provided to a user of the vehicle having uploaded the surrounding environment information on the basis of the surrounding environment information acquired by the information acquirer, wherein the point manager is configured to determine the points on the basis of the surrounding environment information which is obtained by excluding information acquired in travel for parking at a closest parking space or the parking from information acquired in a period after the vehicle has entered the predetermined space and before the vehicle has exited the predetermined space. 13. The vehicle control system according to claim 12,
wherein the point manager is configured to determine the points which vary depending on an amount of information of the surrounding environment information or a time point at which the surrounding environment information has been acquired. 14. The vehicle control system according to claim 12,
wherein the point manager is configured to set the points which are provided to the user of the vehicle to be higher when the user presents an intention to agree to travel of the vehicle to acquire the surrounding environment information than when the user does not present the intention to agree. 15. A vehicle control method of causing a computer mounted in a vehicle to perform:
recognizing a surrounding environment of the vehicle; performing driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition; acquiring surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control; and uploading the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. 16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores a program causing a computer mounted in a vehicle to perform:
recognizing a surrounding environment of the vehicle; performing driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition; acquiring surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control; and uploading the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. | A vehicle control device includes: a recognizer configured to recognize a surrounding environment of a vehicle; a driving controller configured to perform driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition from the recognizer; and an information acquirer configured to acquire surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control of the driving controller, and to upload the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device.1. A vehicle control device comprising:
a recognizer configured to recognize a surrounding environment of a vehicle; a driving controller configured to perform driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition from the recognizer; and an information acquirer configured to acquire surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control of the driving controller, and to upload the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. 2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the information acquirer is configured to acquire the surrounding environment information when the driving controller performs the driving control in the period. 3. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the driving controller is configured to perform the driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information when a predetermined condition has been satisfied. 4. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that the predetermined space is a parking lot in which map information has not been registered in the external device. 5. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that uploading of the surrounding environment information is permitted by a user of the vehicle. 6. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the driving controller is configured to perform driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information in a limited range when a travel distance that the vehicle travels to acquire the surrounding environment information is limited by a user of the vehicle. 7. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the driving controller is configured to perform driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information in a limited range when the number of times the vehicle is parked to acquire the surrounding environment information is limited by a user of the vehicle. 8. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein the driving controller is configured to derive a travelable distance on the basis of an amount of residual energy of the vehicle, to select the shorter of the derived travelable distance and a travel distance which is limited by a user of the vehicle, and to perform driving control for acquiring the surrounding environment information in a range of the selected distance. 9. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
further comprising a congestion situation determiner configured to determine whether the predetermined space is congested, wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that the congestion situation determiner determines that the predetermined space is not congested. 10. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the predetermined space is a parking lot, and wherein the period is a period after the vehicle enters the parking lot and before the vehicle exits the parking lot. 11. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the information acquirer is configured to acquire the surrounding environment information on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer when the vehicle is traveling without a driver in the predetermined space. 12. A vehicle control system comprising:
the vehicle control device according to claim 1; and the external device including a point manager configured to determine points which are provided to a user of the vehicle having uploaded the surrounding environment information on the basis of the surrounding environment information acquired by the information acquirer, wherein the point manager is configured to determine the points on the basis of the surrounding environment information which is obtained by excluding information acquired in travel for parking at a closest parking space or the parking from information acquired in a period after the vehicle has entered the predetermined space and before the vehicle has exited the predetermined space. 13. The vehicle control system according to claim 12,
wherein the point manager is configured to determine the points which vary depending on an amount of information of the surrounding environment information or a time point at which the surrounding environment information has been acquired. 14. The vehicle control system according to claim 12,
wherein the point manager is configured to set the points which are provided to the user of the vehicle to be higher when the user presents an intention to agree to travel of the vehicle to acquire the surrounding environment information than when the user does not present the intention to agree. 15. A vehicle control method of causing a computer mounted in a vehicle to perform:
recognizing a surrounding environment of the vehicle; performing driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition; acquiring surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control; and uploading the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. 16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores a program causing a computer mounted in a vehicle to perform:
recognizing a surrounding environment of the vehicle; performing driving control including at least one of speed control and steering control of the vehicle on the basis of a result of recognition; acquiring surrounding environment information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in a predetermined space on the basis of the result of recognition from the recognizer in a period after the vehicle enters the predetermined space and before the vehicle exits the predetermined space under the driving control; and uploading the acquired surrounding environment information to an external device. | 1,700 |
345,621 | 16,804,013 | 1,721 | A liquid discharge apparatus includes a head configured to discharge a liquid, a liquid receptacle configured to receive the liquid discharged from the head, a moving device configured to move the liquid receptacle relative to the head, and control circuitry. The liquid receptacle includes an absorber and an absorber case configured to house the absorber. The absorber includes a slit. The control circuitry is configured to cause the head to discharge the liquid into the slit of the absorber while moving, with the moving device, the liquid receptacle with respect to the head. | 1. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a head configured to discharge a liquid; a liquid receptacle configured to receive the liquid discharged from the head, the liquid receptacle including:
an absorber including a slit; and
an absorber case configured to house the absorber;
a moving device configured to move the liquid receptacle relative to the head; and control circuitry configured to cause the head to discharge the liquid into the slit of the absorber while moving, with the moving device, the liquid receptacle with respect to the head. 2. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the absorber includes:
a plurality of first absorbing members; and a plurality of second absorbing members shorter than the plurality of first absorbing members, the plurality of second absorbing members disposed alternately with the plurality of first absorbing members. 3. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the absorber includes a plurality of slits including the slit. 4. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid receptacle further includes a slit width retainer configured to maintain a width of the slit. 5. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein the absorber case includes a bent portion configured to cover a portion of a top of the absorber and sandwich a portion of the slit width retainer together with the top of the absorber. 6. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the control circuitry is configured to:
measure a discharge amount of the liquid to each of the plurality of slits; cause the head to discharge the liquid to a target slit of the plurality of slits; and change the target slit every time the discharge amount of the liquid to the target slit exceeds a threshold, or every discharge of the liquid to the plurality of slits. 7. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 6,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to change the target slit in an order from extreme downstream one of the plurality of slits to extreme upstream one of the plurality of slits in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head. 8. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of liquid receptacles including the liquid receptacle. 9. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 8,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to measure a discharge amount of the liquid to each of the plurality of liquid receptacles. 10. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the moving device includes a plurality of sheet conveyance faces at positions different from the liquid receptacle in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head, the plurality of sheet conveyance faces configured to convey a plurality of sheets to which the head applies the liquid, respectively, and wherein the control circuitry is configured to cause the head to discharge the liquid into the slit of the absorber at a timing when the liquid receptacle faces the head. 11. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein a width of the slit of the absorber is wider on an entrance side than on a bottom side, the width being a length of the slit in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head. 12. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein a width of the slit of the absorber is wider on a bottom side than on an entrance side, the width being a length of the slit in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head. 13. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the absorber case includes a lid having an opening corresponding to the slit of the absorber. 14. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 3,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to:
cause the head to discharge the liquid to a target slit of the plurality of slits; and
change the target slit every time a predetermined time elapses from previous discharge of the liquid to the plurality of slits. 15. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to change a discharge position in the slit, the discharge position to which the head discharges the liquid. | A liquid discharge apparatus includes a head configured to discharge a liquid, a liquid receptacle configured to receive the liquid discharged from the head, a moving device configured to move the liquid receptacle relative to the head, and control circuitry. The liquid receptacle includes an absorber and an absorber case configured to house the absorber. The absorber includes a slit. The control circuitry is configured to cause the head to discharge the liquid into the slit of the absorber while moving, with the moving device, the liquid receptacle with respect to the head.1. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a head configured to discharge a liquid; a liquid receptacle configured to receive the liquid discharged from the head, the liquid receptacle including:
an absorber including a slit; and
an absorber case configured to house the absorber;
a moving device configured to move the liquid receptacle relative to the head; and control circuitry configured to cause the head to discharge the liquid into the slit of the absorber while moving, with the moving device, the liquid receptacle with respect to the head. 2. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the absorber includes:
a plurality of first absorbing members; and a plurality of second absorbing members shorter than the plurality of first absorbing members, the plurality of second absorbing members disposed alternately with the plurality of first absorbing members. 3. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the absorber includes a plurality of slits including the slit. 4. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid receptacle further includes a slit width retainer configured to maintain a width of the slit. 5. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein the absorber case includes a bent portion configured to cover a portion of a top of the absorber and sandwich a portion of the slit width retainer together with the top of the absorber. 6. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the control circuitry is configured to:
measure a discharge amount of the liquid to each of the plurality of slits; cause the head to discharge the liquid to a target slit of the plurality of slits; and change the target slit every time the discharge amount of the liquid to the target slit exceeds a threshold, or every discharge of the liquid to the plurality of slits. 7. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 6,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to change the target slit in an order from extreme downstream one of the plurality of slits to extreme upstream one of the plurality of slits in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head. 8. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of liquid receptacles including the liquid receptacle. 9. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 8,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to measure a discharge amount of the liquid to each of the plurality of liquid receptacles. 10. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the moving device includes a plurality of sheet conveyance faces at positions different from the liquid receptacle in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head, the plurality of sheet conveyance faces configured to convey a plurality of sheets to which the head applies the liquid, respectively, and wherein the control circuitry is configured to cause the head to discharge the liquid into the slit of the absorber at a timing when the liquid receptacle faces the head. 11. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein a width of the slit of the absorber is wider on an entrance side than on a bottom side, the width being a length of the slit in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head. 12. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein a width of the slit of the absorber is wider on a bottom side than on an entrance side, the width being a length of the slit in a direction in which the liquid receptacle moves relative to the head. 13. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the absorber case includes a lid having an opening corresponding to the slit of the absorber. 14. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 3,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to:
cause the head to discharge the liquid to a target slit of the plurality of slits; and
change the target slit every time a predetermined time elapses from previous discharge of the liquid to the plurality of slits. 15. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to change a discharge position in the slit, the discharge position to which the head discharges the liquid. | 1,700 |
345,622 | 16,804,040 | 3,747 | A pressure-limiting valve for use in a gas line conveying a gas that includes aerosols. The pressure-limiting valve has a movable valve body, a valve seat, and a compressible coalescing medium placed therebetween. The valve body has passages and nozzle openings and the valve seat has through-holes. In the closed position, the valve functions in separator mode and in the fully open position, in impactor mode. The pressure-limiting valve according to the invention provides a more sensitive response to varying flow conditions, due to deviating surface profiles of the valve seat and coalescing medium, which provide intermediate stages of separator and impactor modes as a function of the volume of flow. | 1. A pressure-limiting valve for use in a gas line carrying aerosols, the pressure-limiting valve comprising:
a valve body having one or more body openings; a valve seat having a nozzle arrangement that includes a plurality of nozzle openings; and a coalescing medium made of compressible material and provided between the valve body and the valve seat; wherein the valve body is urged by a force device to a closed position and is movable between the closed position, in which the valve body holds the coalescing medium up against the valve seat, the flow of gas then being through the nozzle openings, the coalescing medium, and through the openings in the valve body, and a fully open position in which all the nozzle openings are in flow connection with a gap that is created between the coalescing medium and the valve seat; and wherein a surface profile of a coalescing medium surface and a surface profile of a valve seat surface, these two surfaces facing each other, deviate from one another, such that, as the valve body moves toward the open position, the distance of the valve body and the coalescing medium from the valve seat gradually increases, thereby creating an increasing large-area gap between the coalescing medium and the valve seat, resulting in an increasing number of nozzle openings that come successively into flow connection with the large-area gap. 2. The pressure limiting valve of claim 1,
wherein, an inner region of the valve seat surface and an inner region of the coalescing medium surface are closer to each other than at outer regions of the respective surfaces. 3. Pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface facing the coalescing medium curves concavely from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 4. Pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface curves convexly from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 5. Pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface extends in a straight line from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 6. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface extends in a spiral from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 7. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 1, wherein the coalescing medium is constructed as a flat disc. 8. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 1, wherein a profile of the coalescing medium surface has a three-dimensional construction. 9. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 8,
wherein the coalescing medium is constructed with a plurality of concentrically arranged, flat disks of varying diameters, and wherein a central region of the three-dimensional construction is closer to the valve seat than at the edge. 10. The pressure-limiting valve of claim 1, wherein the coalescing medium contains a multitude of fibers. 11. The pressure-limiting valve of claim 1, wherein the coalescing medium is constructed from a non-woven material. 12. An oil separator comprising:
a pressure-limiting valve that has a valve body having one or more body openings, a valve seat having a nozzle arrangement that includes a plurality of nozzle openings, and a coalescing medium made of compressible material and provided between the valve body and the valve seat; wherein the valve body is urged by a force device to a closed position and is movable between the closed position, in which the valve body holds the coalescing medium up against the valve seat, the flow of gas then being through the nozzle openings, the coalescing medium, and through the openings in the valve body, and a fully open position in which all the nozzle openings are in flow connection with a gap that is created between the coalescing medium and the valve seat; and wherein a surface profile of a coalescing medium surface and a surface profile of a valve seat surface, these two surfaces facing each other, deviate from one another, such that, as the valve body moves toward the open position, the distance of the valve body and the coalescing medium from the valve seat gradually increases, thereby creating an increasing large-area gap between the coalescing medium and the valve seat, resulting in an increasing number of nozzle openings that come successively into flow connection with the large-area gap. 13. A pressure-limiting valve for regulating a flow of gas containing aerosols, the pressure-limiting valve comprising:
a valve seat component that includes a nozzle arrangement having a plurality of radially spaced-apart nozzle openings and a valve seat surface; a valve body that has a valve plate with plate openings, the valve body being urged toward a closed position and movable toward an open position when pressure from the flow of gas increases; and a coalescing medium arranged on the valve plate, the coalescing medium made of a compressible material and having a coalescing medium surface that faces the valve seat surface; wherein the valve seat surface has a surface profile that is not shaped complementary to a profile of the coalescing medium surface, such that, when the valve plate begins to move away from the valve seat, a gap having a gap length that is initially created at an outer region of the valve seat continues to extend toward an inner region as the valve plate continues to move farther from the valve seat, so that, depending on a distance of the valve plate from the valve seat, the radially spaced-apart nozzle openings open successively into the gap, first from the outer region and progressing successively toward the inner region. | A pressure-limiting valve for use in a gas line conveying a gas that includes aerosols. The pressure-limiting valve has a movable valve body, a valve seat, and a compressible coalescing medium placed therebetween. The valve body has passages and nozzle openings and the valve seat has through-holes. In the closed position, the valve functions in separator mode and in the fully open position, in impactor mode. The pressure-limiting valve according to the invention provides a more sensitive response to varying flow conditions, due to deviating surface profiles of the valve seat and coalescing medium, which provide intermediate stages of separator and impactor modes as a function of the volume of flow.1. A pressure-limiting valve for use in a gas line carrying aerosols, the pressure-limiting valve comprising:
a valve body having one or more body openings; a valve seat having a nozzle arrangement that includes a plurality of nozzle openings; and a coalescing medium made of compressible material and provided between the valve body and the valve seat; wherein the valve body is urged by a force device to a closed position and is movable between the closed position, in which the valve body holds the coalescing medium up against the valve seat, the flow of gas then being through the nozzle openings, the coalescing medium, and through the openings in the valve body, and a fully open position in which all the nozzle openings are in flow connection with a gap that is created between the coalescing medium and the valve seat; and wherein a surface profile of a coalescing medium surface and a surface profile of a valve seat surface, these two surfaces facing each other, deviate from one another, such that, as the valve body moves toward the open position, the distance of the valve body and the coalescing medium from the valve seat gradually increases, thereby creating an increasing large-area gap between the coalescing medium and the valve seat, resulting in an increasing number of nozzle openings that come successively into flow connection with the large-area gap. 2. The pressure limiting valve of claim 1,
wherein, an inner region of the valve seat surface and an inner region of the coalescing medium surface are closer to each other than at outer regions of the respective surfaces. 3. Pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface facing the coalescing medium curves concavely from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 4. Pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface curves convexly from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 5. Pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface extends in a straight line from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 6. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 2,
wherein the valve seat surface extends in a spiral from a central region to the edge of the valve seat. 7. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 1, wherein the coalescing medium is constructed as a flat disc. 8. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 1, wherein a profile of the coalescing medium surface has a three-dimensional construction. 9. The pressure-limiting valve according to claim 8,
wherein the coalescing medium is constructed with a plurality of concentrically arranged, flat disks of varying diameters, and wherein a central region of the three-dimensional construction is closer to the valve seat than at the edge. 10. The pressure-limiting valve of claim 1, wherein the coalescing medium contains a multitude of fibers. 11. The pressure-limiting valve of claim 1, wherein the coalescing medium is constructed from a non-woven material. 12. An oil separator comprising:
a pressure-limiting valve that has a valve body having one or more body openings, a valve seat having a nozzle arrangement that includes a plurality of nozzle openings, and a coalescing medium made of compressible material and provided between the valve body and the valve seat; wherein the valve body is urged by a force device to a closed position and is movable between the closed position, in which the valve body holds the coalescing medium up against the valve seat, the flow of gas then being through the nozzle openings, the coalescing medium, and through the openings in the valve body, and a fully open position in which all the nozzle openings are in flow connection with a gap that is created between the coalescing medium and the valve seat; and wherein a surface profile of a coalescing medium surface and a surface profile of a valve seat surface, these two surfaces facing each other, deviate from one another, such that, as the valve body moves toward the open position, the distance of the valve body and the coalescing medium from the valve seat gradually increases, thereby creating an increasing large-area gap between the coalescing medium and the valve seat, resulting in an increasing number of nozzle openings that come successively into flow connection with the large-area gap. 13. A pressure-limiting valve for regulating a flow of gas containing aerosols, the pressure-limiting valve comprising:
a valve seat component that includes a nozzle arrangement having a plurality of radially spaced-apart nozzle openings and a valve seat surface; a valve body that has a valve plate with plate openings, the valve body being urged toward a closed position and movable toward an open position when pressure from the flow of gas increases; and a coalescing medium arranged on the valve plate, the coalescing medium made of a compressible material and having a coalescing medium surface that faces the valve seat surface; wherein the valve seat surface has a surface profile that is not shaped complementary to a profile of the coalescing medium surface, such that, when the valve plate begins to move away from the valve seat, a gap having a gap length that is initially created at an outer region of the valve seat continues to extend toward an inner region as the valve plate continues to move farther from the valve seat, so that, depending on a distance of the valve plate from the valve seat, the radially spaced-apart nozzle openings open successively into the gap, first from the outer region and progressing successively toward the inner region. | 3,700 |
345,623 | 16,804,068 | 3,641 | An adjustable shooting rest for supporting a stock portion of a firearm is disclosed. The shooting rest comprises a support section, a housing, at least one spring plunger, a threaded member, an elevation adjustment, and a base. The housing supports the support section and is defining a central recess and at least one opening in perpendicularly communication with the central recess and extending radially outward therefrom at its lower portion. The threaded member having one end securely disposed within the central recess. The elevation adjustment nut threadedly and operably engaged to another end of the threaded member. The spring plunger is threadedly disposed within the opening of the housing, configured to enable contact between the threaded member and the elevation adjustment nut by applying adequate pressure. The user could adjust the shooting rest at the required heights by rotating the elevation adjustment nut. | 1. An adjustable shooting rest for supporting a firearm, comprising:
a support section for supporting a stock portion of the firearm; a housing supporting the support section, wherein the housing defining a central recess and at least one opening in perpendicularly communication with the central recess and extending radially outward therefrom at its lower portion; at least one spring plunger threadedly disposed within the opening of the housing; a threaded member having one end securely disposed within the central recess of the housing; an elevation adjustment nut threadedly and operably engaged to another end of the threaded member, wherein the elevation adjustment nut is configured to enable a user for adjusting the shooting rest at different heights by rotating it, thereby enabling quick and ease in adjustment by the user, and align the firearm while aiming and shooting a target, and a cover securely affixed to a bottom of the housing using at least one or more fasteners at the lower portion to conceal the elevation adjustment nut. 2. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the spring plunger is configured to enable contact between the threaded member and the elevation adjustment nut by applying adequate pressure. 3. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, is further configured to enable the user to push in the elevation adjustment nut at sideways against to the spring plunger, which allows the threaded member to freely move up and down. 4. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the elevation adjustment nut comprises a larger thread diameter than the threaded member, thereby enabling the threaded member to move up and down when it is disengaged from the elevation adjustment nut. 5. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, further comprises a base, wherein the base is configured to securely and threadedly affix to another end of the threaded member. 6. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 5, wherein the base is a tripod and is configured to support the shooting rest in in the prone, sitting or benchrest positions. 7. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the threaded member is configured to move up and down when it is disengaged from the elevation adjustment nut. 8. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the support section is a platform, wherein the support section is configured to support the stock portion of the firearm during usage. 9. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the housing is made of plastic. 10. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the housing is made of aluminum. 11. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the threaded member is a threaded shaft. | An adjustable shooting rest for supporting a stock portion of a firearm is disclosed. The shooting rest comprises a support section, a housing, at least one spring plunger, a threaded member, an elevation adjustment, and a base. The housing supports the support section and is defining a central recess and at least one opening in perpendicularly communication with the central recess and extending radially outward therefrom at its lower portion. The threaded member having one end securely disposed within the central recess. The elevation adjustment nut threadedly and operably engaged to another end of the threaded member. The spring plunger is threadedly disposed within the opening of the housing, configured to enable contact between the threaded member and the elevation adjustment nut by applying adequate pressure. The user could adjust the shooting rest at the required heights by rotating the elevation adjustment nut.1. An adjustable shooting rest for supporting a firearm, comprising:
a support section for supporting a stock portion of the firearm; a housing supporting the support section, wherein the housing defining a central recess and at least one opening in perpendicularly communication with the central recess and extending radially outward therefrom at its lower portion; at least one spring plunger threadedly disposed within the opening of the housing; a threaded member having one end securely disposed within the central recess of the housing; an elevation adjustment nut threadedly and operably engaged to another end of the threaded member, wherein the elevation adjustment nut is configured to enable a user for adjusting the shooting rest at different heights by rotating it, thereby enabling quick and ease in adjustment by the user, and align the firearm while aiming and shooting a target, and a cover securely affixed to a bottom of the housing using at least one or more fasteners at the lower portion to conceal the elevation adjustment nut. 2. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the spring plunger is configured to enable contact between the threaded member and the elevation adjustment nut by applying adequate pressure. 3. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, is further configured to enable the user to push in the elevation adjustment nut at sideways against to the spring plunger, which allows the threaded member to freely move up and down. 4. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the elevation adjustment nut comprises a larger thread diameter than the threaded member, thereby enabling the threaded member to move up and down when it is disengaged from the elevation adjustment nut. 5. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, further comprises a base, wherein the base is configured to securely and threadedly affix to another end of the threaded member. 6. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 5, wherein the base is a tripod and is configured to support the shooting rest in in the prone, sitting or benchrest positions. 7. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the threaded member is configured to move up and down when it is disengaged from the elevation adjustment nut. 8. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the support section is a platform, wherein the support section is configured to support the stock portion of the firearm during usage. 9. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the housing is made of plastic. 10. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the housing is made of aluminum. 11. The adjustable shooting rest of claim 1, wherein the threaded member is a threaded shaft. | 3,600 |
345,624 | 16,804,065 | 3,641 | A manually operated scooping device for moving bulk items such as snow that includes a foot operated lifting mechanism that causes the scoop to pivot forward to eject the contents of the scoop. | 1: A scooping device adapted to move bulk materials, the scooping device comprising:
a handle that is pivotably connected to a scoop, and a lifting mechanism that is slideably coupled to the handle and pivotably coupled to the scoop, the lifting mechanism further including a foot peddle; wherein operating the foot peddle in a downward manner causes the scoop to pivot forward. 2: The scooping device of claim 1, wherein the scoop has a front end that has an opening, a back end that forms a closed wall, a first sidewall, and second sidewall, each of the first sidewall and second sidewall extending from a position at or near the front end to a position at or near the back end. 3: The scooping device of claim 2, wherein the first sidewall and second sidewall are tapered and connected to the back end. 4: The scooping device of claim 2, wherein the handle is approximately U-shaped having a first handle arm, a second handle arm, and a gripping area between the first handle arm and second handle arm, and wherein either the first handle arm or the second handle arm is pivotably coupled to the scoop's first sidewall and the other of the first handle arm or the second handle arm is pivotably coupled to the scoop's second sidewall. 5: The scooping device of claim 4, wherein the lifting mechanism is approximately U-shaped, having a first lifting arm and second lifting arm and wherein the foot peddle is positioned at or near a midpoint between the first lifting arm and the second lifting arm. 6: The scooping device of claim 5, wherein one of the first lifting arm or the second lifting arm is coupled to the first handle arm and to the first sidewall and the other of the first lifting arm or second lifting arm is coupled to the second handle arm and the second sidewall. 7: The scooping device of claim 6, wherein the first lifting arm and the second lifting are moveable along the handle via parallel guide bars. 8: The scooping device of claim 6, wherein the first lifting arm and the second lifting arm are slideably coupled to the first handle arm and the second handle arm by sleeves. 9: The scooping device of claim 6, wherein the first lifting arm and second lifting arm are pivotably coupled to the first sidewall and second sidewall at a location at or near the front end of the scoop. 10: The scooping device of claim 1 wherein the scoop includes a protective lip. 11: The scooping device of claim 10 wherein the lip is comprised of a thermoplastic polyethylene. 12: The scooping device of claim 1, wherein the handle is foldable. | A manually operated scooping device for moving bulk items such as snow that includes a foot operated lifting mechanism that causes the scoop to pivot forward to eject the contents of the scoop.1: A scooping device adapted to move bulk materials, the scooping device comprising:
a handle that is pivotably connected to a scoop, and a lifting mechanism that is slideably coupled to the handle and pivotably coupled to the scoop, the lifting mechanism further including a foot peddle; wherein operating the foot peddle in a downward manner causes the scoop to pivot forward. 2: The scooping device of claim 1, wherein the scoop has a front end that has an opening, a back end that forms a closed wall, a first sidewall, and second sidewall, each of the first sidewall and second sidewall extending from a position at or near the front end to a position at or near the back end. 3: The scooping device of claim 2, wherein the first sidewall and second sidewall are tapered and connected to the back end. 4: The scooping device of claim 2, wherein the handle is approximately U-shaped having a first handle arm, a second handle arm, and a gripping area between the first handle arm and second handle arm, and wherein either the first handle arm or the second handle arm is pivotably coupled to the scoop's first sidewall and the other of the first handle arm or the second handle arm is pivotably coupled to the scoop's second sidewall. 5: The scooping device of claim 4, wherein the lifting mechanism is approximately U-shaped, having a first lifting arm and second lifting arm and wherein the foot peddle is positioned at or near a midpoint between the first lifting arm and the second lifting arm. 6: The scooping device of claim 5, wherein one of the first lifting arm or the second lifting arm is coupled to the first handle arm and to the first sidewall and the other of the first lifting arm or second lifting arm is coupled to the second handle arm and the second sidewall. 7: The scooping device of claim 6, wherein the first lifting arm and the second lifting are moveable along the handle via parallel guide bars. 8: The scooping device of claim 6, wherein the first lifting arm and the second lifting arm are slideably coupled to the first handle arm and the second handle arm by sleeves. 9: The scooping device of claim 6, wherein the first lifting arm and second lifting arm are pivotably coupled to the first sidewall and second sidewall at a location at or near the front end of the scoop. 10: The scooping device of claim 1 wherein the scoop includes a protective lip. 11: The scooping device of claim 10 wherein the lip is comprised of a thermoplastic polyethylene. 12: The scooping device of claim 1, wherein the handle is foldable. | 3,600 |
345,625 | 16,804,039 | 3,641 | An image processing apparatus comprising, an acquisition unit configured to acquire a visible light image and an invisible light image, a determination unit configured to determine a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired by the acquisition unit, and a combining unit configured to generate a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined by the determination unit, wherein the acquisition unit acquires the visible light image for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined by the determination unit has an appropriate exposure. | 1. An image processing apparatus comprising:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire a visible light image and an invisible light image; a determination unit configured to determine a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired by the acquisition unit; and a combining unit configured to generate a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined by the determination unit; wherein the acquisition unit acquires the visible light image for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined by the determination unit has an appropriate exposure. 2. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the acquisition unit acquires the invisible light image for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region other than the region determined by the determination unit has an appropriate exposure, and the combining unit generates a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is smaller than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region other than the region determined by the determination unit. 3. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit determines, based on a histogram of luminance of the visible light image, as the region, a region where the luminance is a predetermined value or more, or a region where the luminance is less than the predetermined value. 4. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit determines a region based on a subject included in the visible light image or the invisible light image. 5. The image processing apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein the determination unit calculates a ratio of a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the visible light image to a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the invisible light image, and determines the region based on a subject having the largest ratio, out of a plurality of subjects, and the calculation values are obtained by calculation based on precision ratio and recall ratio obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed. 6. The image processing apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein in a case where the visible light image includes three or more subjects, the determination unit determines a region where the combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than the combination ratio of the invisible light image, based on harmonic mean of ratios of calculation values obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the visible light image and the invisible light image, and the calculation values are obtained by calculation based on precision ratio and recall ratio obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed. 7. The image processing apparatus according to claim 6,
wherein the determination unit calculates the harmonic mean with a weight given in accordance with a size of the subject. 8. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein in a case where a difference in brightness of pixels in the visible light image is smaller than a threshold, with regard to the region determined by the determination unit and a region other than the region, the combining unit uses the same combination ratio for the visible light image and the invisible light image. 9. The image processing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising
a switching unit configured to be capable of switching a first mode in which the determination unit determines, as the region, a region having a luminance of a predetermined value or more and a second mode in which the determination unit determines, as the region, a region having a luminance of less than the predetermined value. 10. A method for controlling an image processing apparatus, comprising:
acquiring a visible light image and an invisible light image; determining a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired in the acquiring; and generating a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined in the determining; wherein in the acquiring, the visible light image is acquired for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined in the determining has an appropriate exposure. 11. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein in the acquiring, the invisible light image is acquired for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region other than the region determined in the determining has an appropriate exposure, and in the combining, a composite image is generated such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is smaller than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region other than the region determined in the determining. 12. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein in the determining, a region where the luminance is a predetermined value or more, or a region where the luminance is less than the predetermined value is determined as the region based on a histogram of luminance of the visible light image. 13. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein in the determining, a region is determined based on a subject included in the visible light image or the invisible light image. 14. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 13,
wherein in the determining, a ratio of a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the visible light image to a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the invisible light image is calculated, and the region is determined based on a subject having the largest ratio, out of a plurality of subjects, and the calculation values are obtained by calculation based on precision ratio and recall ratio obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more program including instructions that, when executed by a processor of an image processing apparatus configured to combine a visible light image and an invisible light image to generate a composite image, causes the image processing apparatus to perform operations of:
acquiring a visible light image and an invisible light image; determining a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired in the acquiring; and generating a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined in the determining; wherein in the acquiring, the visible light image is acquired for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined in the determining has an appropriate exposure. | An image processing apparatus comprising, an acquisition unit configured to acquire a visible light image and an invisible light image, a determination unit configured to determine a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired by the acquisition unit, and a combining unit configured to generate a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined by the determination unit, wherein the acquisition unit acquires the visible light image for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined by the determination unit has an appropriate exposure.1. An image processing apparatus comprising:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire a visible light image and an invisible light image; a determination unit configured to determine a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired by the acquisition unit; and a combining unit configured to generate a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined by the determination unit; wherein the acquisition unit acquires the visible light image for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined by the determination unit has an appropriate exposure. 2. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the acquisition unit acquires the invisible light image for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region other than the region determined by the determination unit has an appropriate exposure, and the combining unit generates a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is smaller than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region other than the region determined by the determination unit. 3. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit determines, based on a histogram of luminance of the visible light image, as the region, a region where the luminance is a predetermined value or more, or a region where the luminance is less than the predetermined value. 4. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit determines a region based on a subject included in the visible light image or the invisible light image. 5. The image processing apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein the determination unit calculates a ratio of a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the visible light image to a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the invisible light image, and determines the region based on a subject having the largest ratio, out of a plurality of subjects, and the calculation values are obtained by calculation based on precision ratio and recall ratio obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed. 6. The image processing apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein in a case where the visible light image includes three or more subjects, the determination unit determines a region where the combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than the combination ratio of the invisible light image, based on harmonic mean of ratios of calculation values obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the visible light image and the invisible light image, and the calculation values are obtained by calculation based on precision ratio and recall ratio obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed. 7. The image processing apparatus according to claim 6,
wherein the determination unit calculates the harmonic mean with a weight given in accordance with a size of the subject. 8. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein in a case where a difference in brightness of pixels in the visible light image is smaller than a threshold, with regard to the region determined by the determination unit and a region other than the region, the combining unit uses the same combination ratio for the visible light image and the invisible light image. 9. The image processing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising
a switching unit configured to be capable of switching a first mode in which the determination unit determines, as the region, a region having a luminance of a predetermined value or more and a second mode in which the determination unit determines, as the region, a region having a luminance of less than the predetermined value. 10. A method for controlling an image processing apparatus, comprising:
acquiring a visible light image and an invisible light image; determining a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired in the acquiring; and generating a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined in the determining; wherein in the acquiring, the visible light image is acquired for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined in the determining has an appropriate exposure. 11. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein in the acquiring, the invisible light image is acquired for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region other than the region determined in the determining has an appropriate exposure, and in the combining, a composite image is generated such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is smaller than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region other than the region determined in the determining. 12. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein in the determining, a region where the luminance is a predetermined value or more, or a region where the luminance is less than the predetermined value is determined as the region based on a histogram of luminance of the visible light image. 13. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein in the determining, a region is determined based on a subject included in the visible light image or the invisible light image. 14. The method for controlling an image processing apparatus according to claim 13,
wherein in the determining, a ratio of a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the visible light image to a calculation value obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed on the invisible light image is calculated, and the region is determined based on a subject having the largest ratio, out of a plurality of subjects, and the calculation values are obtained by calculation based on precision ratio and recall ratio obtained in a case where subject recognition is performed. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more program including instructions that, when executed by a processor of an image processing apparatus configured to combine a visible light image and an invisible light image to generate a composite image, causes the image processing apparatus to perform operations of:
acquiring a visible light image and an invisible light image; determining a region on an image based on the visible light image or the invisible light image acquired in the acquiring; and generating a composite image such that a combination ratio of the visible light image is larger than a combination ratio of the invisible light image in the region determined in the determining; wherein in the acquiring, the visible light image is acquired for which an exposure is adjusted such that a region of the visible light image that corresponds to the region determined in the determining has an appropriate exposure. | 3,600 |
345,626 | 16,804,026 | 3,641 | A motor coil substrate includes a coil substrate including a flexible substrate and multiple coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the coils are extending from a first end toward a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end. The flexible substrate includes inner peripheral and outer peripheral flexible substrates such that the coils include outer peripheral coils formed on the outer peripheral flexible substrate and inner peripheral coils formed on the inner peripheral flexible substrate, that a number of the outer peripheral coils and a number of the inner peripheral coils are L, that an m-th outer peripheral coil of the outer peripheral coils is positioned on a m-th inner peripheral coil of the inner peripheral coils, and that the m-th outer peripheral coil and the m-th inner peripheral coil are connected to each other in parallel, where L and m are natural numbers. | 1. A motor coil substrate, comprising:
a coil substrate comprising a flexible substrate and a plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the plurality of coils is extending from a first end of the flexible substrate toward a second end of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first end, wherein the flexible substrate includes an inner peripheral flexible substrate and an outer peripheral flexible substrate extending from the inner peripheral flexible substrate and wound around the inner peripheral flexible substrate such that the plurality of coils includes a plurality of outer peripheral coils formed on the outer peripheral flexible substrate and a plurality of inner peripheral coils formed on the inner peripheral flexible substrate, that of a number of the outer peripheral coils and a number of the inner peripheral coils are L, that an m-th outer peripheral coil of the outer peripheral coils is positioned on a m-th inner peripheral coil of the inner peripheral coils, and that the m-th outer peripheral coil and the m-th inner peripheral coil are connected to each other in parallel, where L and m are natural numbers. 2. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that a (m+1)-th outer peripheral coil of the outer peripheral coils and a (m+1)-th inner peripheral coil of the inner peripheral coils are connected to each other in parallel, that the m-th outer peripheral coil and the m-th inner peripheral coil form an m-th parallel coil, that the (m+1)-th outer peripheral coil and the (m+1)-th inner peripheral coil form an (m+1)-th parallel coil, and that the m-th parallel coil is connected in series to the (m+1)-th parallel coil. 3. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of upper coils formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a plurality of lower coils formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the coil substrate includes a plurality of through-hole conductors penetrating through the flexible substrate and formed such that an upper coil of the upper coils and a lower coil of the lower coils facing each other via the flexible substrate are connected to each other by a respective one of the through-hole conductors. 4. The motor coil substrate according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the upper coils and the lower coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end, and an inner end connected to the respective one of the through-hole conductors. 5. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 1; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 6. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of upper coils formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a plurality of lower coils formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the coil substrate includes a plurality of through-hole conductors penetrating through the flexible substrate and formed such that an upper coil of the upper coils and a lower coil of the lower coils facing each other via the flexible substrate are connected to each other by a respective one of the through-hole conductors. 7. The motor coil substrate according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the upper coils and the lower coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and an inner end connected to the respective one of the through-hole conductors. 8. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 2; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 9. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 3; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 10. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 4; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 11. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 6; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 12. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 7; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 13. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of upper coils formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a plurality of lower coils formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface. 14. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein each of the coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and inner end. 15. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2, wherein each of the coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and inner end. 16. The motor coil substrate according to claim 13, wherein each of the coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and inner end. 17. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 13; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 18. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 14; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 19. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 15; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 20. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 16; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. | A motor coil substrate includes a coil substrate including a flexible substrate and multiple coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the coils are extending from a first end toward a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end. The flexible substrate includes inner peripheral and outer peripheral flexible substrates such that the coils include outer peripheral coils formed on the outer peripheral flexible substrate and inner peripheral coils formed on the inner peripheral flexible substrate, that a number of the outer peripheral coils and a number of the inner peripheral coils are L, that an m-th outer peripheral coil of the outer peripheral coils is positioned on a m-th inner peripheral coil of the inner peripheral coils, and that the m-th outer peripheral coil and the m-th inner peripheral coil are connected to each other in parallel, where L and m are natural numbers.1. A motor coil substrate, comprising:
a coil substrate comprising a flexible substrate and a plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the plurality of coils is extending from a first end of the flexible substrate toward a second end of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first end, wherein the flexible substrate includes an inner peripheral flexible substrate and an outer peripheral flexible substrate extending from the inner peripheral flexible substrate and wound around the inner peripheral flexible substrate such that the plurality of coils includes a plurality of outer peripheral coils formed on the outer peripheral flexible substrate and a plurality of inner peripheral coils formed on the inner peripheral flexible substrate, that of a number of the outer peripheral coils and a number of the inner peripheral coils are L, that an m-th outer peripheral coil of the outer peripheral coils is positioned on a m-th inner peripheral coil of the inner peripheral coils, and that the m-th outer peripheral coil and the m-th inner peripheral coil are connected to each other in parallel, where L and m are natural numbers. 2. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that a (m+1)-th outer peripheral coil of the outer peripheral coils and a (m+1)-th inner peripheral coil of the inner peripheral coils are connected to each other in parallel, that the m-th outer peripheral coil and the m-th inner peripheral coil form an m-th parallel coil, that the (m+1)-th outer peripheral coil and the (m+1)-th inner peripheral coil form an (m+1)-th parallel coil, and that the m-th parallel coil is connected in series to the (m+1)-th parallel coil. 3. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of upper coils formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a plurality of lower coils formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the coil substrate includes a plurality of through-hole conductors penetrating through the flexible substrate and formed such that an upper coil of the upper coils and a lower coil of the lower coils facing each other via the flexible substrate are connected to each other by a respective one of the through-hole conductors. 4. The motor coil substrate according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the upper coils and the lower coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end, and an inner end connected to the respective one of the through-hole conductors. 5. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 1; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 6. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of upper coils formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a plurality of lower coils formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the coil substrate includes a plurality of through-hole conductors penetrating through the flexible substrate and formed such that an upper coil of the upper coils and a lower coil of the lower coils facing each other via the flexible substrate are connected to each other by a respective one of the through-hole conductors. 7. The motor coil substrate according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the upper coils and the lower coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and an inner end connected to the respective one of the through-hole conductors. 8. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 2; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 9. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 3; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 10. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 4; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 11. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 6; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 12. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 7; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 13. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of upper coils formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a plurality of lower coils formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface. 14. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1, wherein each of the coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and inner end. 15. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2, wherein each of the coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and inner end. 16. The motor coil substrate according to claim 13, wherein each of the coils comprises a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space in a spiral shape and having an outer end and inner end. 17. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 13; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 18. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 14; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 19. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 15; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. 20. A motor, comprising:
the motor coil substrate of claim 16; and a magnet positioned inside the motor coil substrate. | 3,600 |
345,627 | 16,804,064 | 3,641 | Anode subassembly sheets that include a lithium-metal layer sandwiched between a pair of separator layers to ease handling of the lithium metal to promote fast and efficient stacked-jellyroll assembly. In some embodiments, the separator layers are pressure laminated to the lithium-metal layer without any bonding agent. In some embodiments, a stacked jellyroll is made by alternatingly stacking anode subassembly sheets with cathode sheets. In some embodiments, a functional coating beneficial to the lithium-metal layer is provided to one or more separator layers prior to laminating the separator(s) to the lithium metal layer. Lithium-metal batteries made using stacked jellyrolls made in accordance with aspects of the disclosure are also described. | 1. A method of making a lithium-metal battery, the method comprising:
assembling a stacked jellyroll, the assembling of the stacked jellyroll including:
providing a plurality of anode-subassembly sheets each comprising a lithium-metal layer pressure laminated between a first separator and a second separator;
providing a plurality of cathode sheets; and
alternatingly stacking the anode-subassembly sheets and the plurality of cathode sheets with one another so as to form the stacked jellyroll. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the anode-subassembly sheets, wherein the forming includes:
forming a laminated web comprising the first separator, the lithium-metal layer, and the second separator; and cutting the laminated web so as to form the anode-subassembly sheets. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein forming the laminated web includes contacting the first and second separators with the lithium-metal to form a multilayer structure, and applying pressure to the multilayer structure to form the laminated web. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein applying pressure to the multilayer structure includes feeding the multilayer structure through pinch rollers. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first separator includes a functional coating for the lithium-metal layer and the functional coating is in contact with the lithium-metal layer. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the functional coating includes a ceramic material. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the functional coating includes lithium fluoride. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the functional coating includes lithium carbonate. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the anode-subassembly sheets, wherein the forming includes:
forming a laminated web comprising the first separator, the lithium-metal layer, and the second separator, wherein the first separator includes functional coating in contact with the lithium-metal layer; and cutting the laminated web so as to form the anode-subassembly sheets. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein forming the laminated web includes contacting the first and second separators with the lithium-metal to form a multilayer structure, and applying pressure to the multilayer structure to form the laminated web. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising applying the functional coating to a porous separator body so as to form the first separator. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional coating includes a ceramic material. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional coating includes lithium fluoride. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional coating includes lithium carbonate. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein applying pressure to the multilayer structure includes feeding the multilayer structure through pinch rollers. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising placing the stacked jellyroll in an interior of a casing. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising adding an electrolyte to the interior of the casing and sealing the casing. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium-metal layer has a thickness less than 20 microns. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the lithium-metal layer has a thickness less than 10 microns. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising a current-collector layer embedded in the lithium-metal layer so that lithium metal is present on both sides of the current-collector layer. | Anode subassembly sheets that include a lithium-metal layer sandwiched between a pair of separator layers to ease handling of the lithium metal to promote fast and efficient stacked-jellyroll assembly. In some embodiments, the separator layers are pressure laminated to the lithium-metal layer without any bonding agent. In some embodiments, a stacked jellyroll is made by alternatingly stacking anode subassembly sheets with cathode sheets. In some embodiments, a functional coating beneficial to the lithium-metal layer is provided to one or more separator layers prior to laminating the separator(s) to the lithium metal layer. Lithium-metal batteries made using stacked jellyrolls made in accordance with aspects of the disclosure are also described.1. A method of making a lithium-metal battery, the method comprising:
assembling a stacked jellyroll, the assembling of the stacked jellyroll including:
providing a plurality of anode-subassembly sheets each comprising a lithium-metal layer pressure laminated between a first separator and a second separator;
providing a plurality of cathode sheets; and
alternatingly stacking the anode-subassembly sheets and the plurality of cathode sheets with one another so as to form the stacked jellyroll. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the anode-subassembly sheets, wherein the forming includes:
forming a laminated web comprising the first separator, the lithium-metal layer, and the second separator; and cutting the laminated web so as to form the anode-subassembly sheets. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein forming the laminated web includes contacting the first and second separators with the lithium-metal to form a multilayer structure, and applying pressure to the multilayer structure to form the laminated web. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein applying pressure to the multilayer structure includes feeding the multilayer structure through pinch rollers. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first separator includes a functional coating for the lithium-metal layer and the functional coating is in contact with the lithium-metal layer. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the functional coating includes a ceramic material. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the functional coating includes lithium fluoride. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the functional coating includes lithium carbonate. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the anode-subassembly sheets, wherein the forming includes:
forming a laminated web comprising the first separator, the lithium-metal layer, and the second separator, wherein the first separator includes functional coating in contact with the lithium-metal layer; and cutting the laminated web so as to form the anode-subassembly sheets. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein forming the laminated web includes contacting the first and second separators with the lithium-metal to form a multilayer structure, and applying pressure to the multilayer structure to form the laminated web. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising applying the functional coating to a porous separator body so as to form the first separator. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional coating includes a ceramic material. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional coating includes lithium fluoride. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional coating includes lithium carbonate. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein applying pressure to the multilayer structure includes feeding the multilayer structure through pinch rollers. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising placing the stacked jellyroll in an interior of a casing. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising adding an electrolyte to the interior of the casing and sealing the casing. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium-metal layer has a thickness less than 20 microns. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the lithium-metal layer has a thickness less than 10 microns. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising a current-collector layer embedded in the lithium-metal layer so that lithium metal is present on both sides of the current-collector layer. | 3,600 |
345,628 | 16,643,522 | 3,641 | Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) transcriptional responses are involved in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurism syndromes. Compositions that inhibit histone acetyltransferase activity normalize gene expression in the aorta, preserved aortic wall architecture and abrogated aneurism progression. Methods include the use of these compositions to epigenetically regulate abnormal expression and/or activity of TGFβ genes. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. A method for treating or preventing an aortic aneurysm syndrome in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an HAT inhibitor selected from C646, anacardic acid, garcinol, isothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, CPTH2, MC2884, SPV106, L002, windorphen, PU-139, PU-141, TH1834, A-485, I-CBP112, CTPB, MG149, EML, ISOX, Lys-CoA, and SGC-CBP30, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby treating or preventing the aortic aneurysm in the subject. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the HAT inhibitor is C646. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the aortic aneurysm is a transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) induced aortic aneurysm. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the aortic aneurysm is selected from Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS), Marfan syndrome (MFS), Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), familial aortic dissection, or annuloaortic ectasia. 25. The method of claim 21, further comprising administering a TGFβ inhibitor. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein the subject is a mammal. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the mammal is a human. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein administering is via systemic administration. 29. The method of claim 21, wherein the effective amount is a therapeutically effective amount. 30. The method of claim 21, wherein the effective amount is a prophylactically effective amount. 31. A method of regulating transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) bioavailability in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising targeting mutations in one or more genes encoding regulators of extracellular TGFβ bioavailability (FBN1 or BGN), TGFβ ligands (TGFB2 or TGFB3), TGFβ signaling effectors (TGFBR1, TGFBR2, or SMAD3), or regulators of TGFβ transcriptional response (SK1) by administering to the subject an effective amount of an HAT inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby regulating TGFβ bioavailability in the subject. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the HAT inhibitor is selected from C646, anacardic acid, garcinol, isothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, CPTH2, MC2884, SPV106, L002, windorphen, PU-139, PU-141, TH1834, A-485, I-CBP112, CTPB, MG149, EML, ISOX, Lys-CoA, and SGC-CBP30. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the HAT inhibitor is C646. 34. The method of claim 31, wherein the subject has been diagnosed as having an aortic aneurysm syndrome. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the aortic aneurysm is selected from Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS), Marfan syndrome (MFS), Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), familial aortic dissection, or annuloaortic ectasia. 36. The method of claim 31, wherein administering is via systemic administration. 37. The method of claim 31, further comprising administering a TGFβ inhibitor. 38. A method of regulating transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) bioavailability in a cell, the method comprising targeting mutations in one or more genes encoding regulators of extracellular TGFβ bioavailability (FBN1 or BGN), TGFβ ligands (TGFB2 or TGFB3), TGFβ signaling effectors (TGFBR1, TGFBR2, or SMAD3), or regulators of TGFβ transcriptional response (SK1) by contacting the cell with an effective amount of an HAT inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby regulating TGFβ bioavailability in the cell. 39. The method of claim 38, wherein the HAT inhibitor is selected from C646, anacardic acid, garcinol, isothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, CPTH2, MC2884, SPV106, L002, windorphen, PU-139, PU-141, TH1834, A-485, I-CBP112, CTPB, MG149, EML, ISOX, Lys-CoA, and SGC-CBP30. 40. The method of claim 38, wherein the HAT inhibitor is C646. | Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) transcriptional responses are involved in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurism syndromes. Compositions that inhibit histone acetyltransferase activity normalize gene expression in the aorta, preserved aortic wall architecture and abrogated aneurism progression. Methods include the use of these compositions to epigenetically regulate abnormal expression and/or activity of TGFβ genes.1-20. (canceled) 21. A method for treating or preventing an aortic aneurysm syndrome in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an HAT inhibitor selected from C646, anacardic acid, garcinol, isothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, CPTH2, MC2884, SPV106, L002, windorphen, PU-139, PU-141, TH1834, A-485, I-CBP112, CTPB, MG149, EML, ISOX, Lys-CoA, and SGC-CBP30, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby treating or preventing the aortic aneurysm in the subject. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the HAT inhibitor is C646. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the aortic aneurysm is a transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) induced aortic aneurysm. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the aortic aneurysm is selected from Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS), Marfan syndrome (MFS), Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), familial aortic dissection, or annuloaortic ectasia. 25. The method of claim 21, further comprising administering a TGFβ inhibitor. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein the subject is a mammal. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the mammal is a human. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein administering is via systemic administration. 29. The method of claim 21, wherein the effective amount is a therapeutically effective amount. 30. The method of claim 21, wherein the effective amount is a prophylactically effective amount. 31. A method of regulating transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) bioavailability in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising targeting mutations in one or more genes encoding regulators of extracellular TGFβ bioavailability (FBN1 or BGN), TGFβ ligands (TGFB2 or TGFB3), TGFβ signaling effectors (TGFBR1, TGFBR2, or SMAD3), or regulators of TGFβ transcriptional response (SK1) by administering to the subject an effective amount of an HAT inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby regulating TGFβ bioavailability in the subject. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the HAT inhibitor is selected from C646, anacardic acid, garcinol, isothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, CPTH2, MC2884, SPV106, L002, windorphen, PU-139, PU-141, TH1834, A-485, I-CBP112, CTPB, MG149, EML, ISOX, Lys-CoA, and SGC-CBP30. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the HAT inhibitor is C646. 34. The method of claim 31, wherein the subject has been diagnosed as having an aortic aneurysm syndrome. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the aortic aneurysm is selected from Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS), Marfan syndrome (MFS), Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), familial aortic dissection, or annuloaortic ectasia. 36. The method of claim 31, wherein administering is via systemic administration. 37. The method of claim 31, further comprising administering a TGFβ inhibitor. 38. A method of regulating transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) bioavailability in a cell, the method comprising targeting mutations in one or more genes encoding regulators of extracellular TGFβ bioavailability (FBN1 or BGN), TGFβ ligands (TGFB2 or TGFB3), TGFβ signaling effectors (TGFBR1, TGFBR2, or SMAD3), or regulators of TGFβ transcriptional response (SK1) by contacting the cell with an effective amount of an HAT inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby regulating TGFβ bioavailability in the cell. 39. The method of claim 38, wherein the HAT inhibitor is selected from C646, anacardic acid, garcinol, isothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-quinolone, 4-quinolone, CPTH2, MC2884, SPV106, L002, windorphen, PU-139, PU-141, TH1834, A-485, I-CBP112, CTPB, MG149, EML, ISOX, Lys-CoA, and SGC-CBP30. 40. The method of claim 38, wherein the HAT inhibitor is C646. | 3,600 |
345,629 | 16,804,034 | 3,641 | A method of assembling a tower section of a wind turbine tower is provided. The method includes arranging the tower section of the wind turbine tower in a horizontal orientation; transporting a damper unit to a position inside the tower section while the tower section is arranged in the horizontal orientation; and mounting the damper unit to the tower section, wherein the damper unit is configured to damp motions of the wind turbine tower. Further, a horizontal transport system is provided that is supported at least at one position by the tower section and that includes a movable part configured to support a damper unit and to transport the damper unit in a horizontal direction from a position adjacent to an end of the tower section to a position at or adjacent to a mounting position of the damper unit inside the tower section. | 1. A method of assembling a tower section of a wind turbine tower, comprising:
arranging the tower section of the wind turbine tower in a horizontal orientation; transporting a damper unit to a position inside the tower section while the tower section is arranged in the horizontal orientation; and mounting the damper unit to the tower section, wherein the damper unit is configured to damp motions of the wind turbine tower. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transporting the damper unit into the tower section comprises employing a horizontal transport system to transport the damper unit in a horizontal direction to the position inside the tower section, wherein the horizontal transport system is supported at least at one position by the tower section. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal transport system is on one side supported by the tower section and is on an opposite side supported outside the tower section, further wherein the mounting the damper unit in the tower section comprises transporting the damper unit from a position outside the tower section to the position inside the tower section using the horizontal transport system. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal transport system comprises a trolley, and the mounting the damper unit in the tower section comprises supporting the damper unit by the trolley and moving the trolley to transport the damper unit in the horizontal direction to the position. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section comprises transporting the damper unit in a horizontal direction to the position inside the tower section and rotating the damper unit while the damper unit is at the position inside the tower section. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the damper unit extends in a longitudinal direction, wherein the transporting the damper unit into the tower section comprises:
orienting the damper unit such that a longitudinal direction of the damper unit is substantially parallel to a horizontal transport direction; transporting the damper unit along the horizontal transport direction to the position inside the tower section; and rotating the damper unit while the damper unit is located inside the tower section such that the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal transport direction. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section comprises transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section that is spaced from either end of the tower section by at least 4 m. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to the transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section:
installing a ladder module in the tower section; and rotating the tower section by about 180 degrees around a central longitudinal axis of the tower section so that the ladder module is arranged in an upper part of the tower section. 9. A horizontal transport system for assembling a tower section of a wind turbine tower, wherein the horizontal transport system is configured to be supported at least at one position by the tower section and comprises a movable part configured to support a damper unit and to transport the damper unit in a horizontal direction from a position adjacent to an end of the tower section to a position at or adjacent to a mounting position of the damper unit inside the tower section while the tower section is arranged in a horizontal orientation. 10. The horizontal transport system according to claim 9, wherein the horizontal transport system comprises a rail, wherein the movable part is a trolley that is configured to run on the rail, wherein the rail) is a bottom rail disposed in a lower part of the tower section when the tower section is in the horizontal orientation, and wherein the trolley is configured to carry the damper unit and is further configured such that the damper unit is placeable on top of the trolley. 11. The horizontal transport system according to claim 9, wherein the horizontal transport system comprises a rail, wherein the movable part is a trolley that is configured to run on the rail, wherein the rail is a beam disposed in an upper part of the tower section when the tower section is in the horizontal orientation, and wherein the trolley is configured such that the damper unit is suspendable from the trolley. 12. A tower section of a wind turbine tower of a wind turbine, comprising:
a damper unit, wherein the damper unit is configured to damp motions of the wind turbine tower, the damper unit being mounted in the tower section at a mounting position, the mounting position located at a distance of at least 4 meters from either end of the wind turbine tower section. 13. The tower section according to claim 12, wherein the damper unit has a longitudinal extension that extends in a cross sectional plane of the tower section, further wherein the longitudinal extension is at least 70%, of an inner diameter of the tower section at the mounting position. 14. The tower section according to claim 12, wherein the damper unit is shaped such that a circle segment corresponding to at least a quarter of an inner cross sectional area of the tower section at the mounting position is not occupied by the damper unit. 15. The tower section according to claim 12, wherein the damper unit comprises a first damper element and a second damper element each having a cylindrical shape and being mounted laterally next to each other in a frame such that a height axes of the first damper element and the second damper element is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis) of the tower section. | A method of assembling a tower section of a wind turbine tower is provided. The method includes arranging the tower section of the wind turbine tower in a horizontal orientation; transporting a damper unit to a position inside the tower section while the tower section is arranged in the horizontal orientation; and mounting the damper unit to the tower section, wherein the damper unit is configured to damp motions of the wind turbine tower. Further, a horizontal transport system is provided that is supported at least at one position by the tower section and that includes a movable part configured to support a damper unit and to transport the damper unit in a horizontal direction from a position adjacent to an end of the tower section to a position at or adjacent to a mounting position of the damper unit inside the tower section.1. A method of assembling a tower section of a wind turbine tower, comprising:
arranging the tower section of the wind turbine tower in a horizontal orientation; transporting a damper unit to a position inside the tower section while the tower section is arranged in the horizontal orientation; and mounting the damper unit to the tower section, wherein the damper unit is configured to damp motions of the wind turbine tower. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transporting the damper unit into the tower section comprises employing a horizontal transport system to transport the damper unit in a horizontal direction to the position inside the tower section, wherein the horizontal transport system is supported at least at one position by the tower section. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal transport system is on one side supported by the tower section and is on an opposite side supported outside the tower section, further wherein the mounting the damper unit in the tower section comprises transporting the damper unit from a position outside the tower section to the position inside the tower section using the horizontal transport system. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal transport system comprises a trolley, and the mounting the damper unit in the tower section comprises supporting the damper unit by the trolley and moving the trolley to transport the damper unit in the horizontal direction to the position. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section comprises transporting the damper unit in a horizontal direction to the position inside the tower section and rotating the damper unit while the damper unit is at the position inside the tower section. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the damper unit extends in a longitudinal direction, wherein the transporting the damper unit into the tower section comprises:
orienting the damper unit such that a longitudinal direction of the damper unit is substantially parallel to a horizontal transport direction; transporting the damper unit along the horizontal transport direction to the position inside the tower section; and rotating the damper unit while the damper unit is located inside the tower section such that the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal transport direction. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section comprises transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section that is spaced from either end of the tower section by at least 4 m. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to the transporting the damper unit to the position inside the tower section:
installing a ladder module in the tower section; and rotating the tower section by about 180 degrees around a central longitudinal axis of the tower section so that the ladder module is arranged in an upper part of the tower section. 9. A horizontal transport system for assembling a tower section of a wind turbine tower, wherein the horizontal transport system is configured to be supported at least at one position by the tower section and comprises a movable part configured to support a damper unit and to transport the damper unit in a horizontal direction from a position adjacent to an end of the tower section to a position at or adjacent to a mounting position of the damper unit inside the tower section while the tower section is arranged in a horizontal orientation. 10. The horizontal transport system according to claim 9, wherein the horizontal transport system comprises a rail, wherein the movable part is a trolley that is configured to run on the rail, wherein the rail) is a bottom rail disposed in a lower part of the tower section when the tower section is in the horizontal orientation, and wherein the trolley is configured to carry the damper unit and is further configured such that the damper unit is placeable on top of the trolley. 11. The horizontal transport system according to claim 9, wherein the horizontal transport system comprises a rail, wherein the movable part is a trolley that is configured to run on the rail, wherein the rail is a beam disposed in an upper part of the tower section when the tower section is in the horizontal orientation, and wherein the trolley is configured such that the damper unit is suspendable from the trolley. 12. A tower section of a wind turbine tower of a wind turbine, comprising:
a damper unit, wherein the damper unit is configured to damp motions of the wind turbine tower, the damper unit being mounted in the tower section at a mounting position, the mounting position located at a distance of at least 4 meters from either end of the wind turbine tower section. 13. The tower section according to claim 12, wherein the damper unit has a longitudinal extension that extends in a cross sectional plane of the tower section, further wherein the longitudinal extension is at least 70%, of an inner diameter of the tower section at the mounting position. 14. The tower section according to claim 12, wherein the damper unit is shaped such that a circle segment corresponding to at least a quarter of an inner cross sectional area of the tower section at the mounting position is not occupied by the damper unit. 15. The tower section according to claim 12, wherein the damper unit comprises a first damper element and a second damper element each having a cylindrical shape and being mounted laterally next to each other in a frame such that a height axes of the first damper element and the second damper element is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis) of the tower section. | 3,600 |
345,630 | 16,804,056 | 3,641 | A substrate processing apparatus includes a liquid processing tank, a movement mechanism, an ejector, and a controller. The liquid processing tank stores a processing liquid. The movement mechanism moves a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. The ejector ejects a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surfaces. The controller moves up the ejection position of the vapor of the organic solvent by the ejection unit as the plurality of substrates are moved up. | 1. A substrate processing apparatus comprising:
a liquid processing tank configured to store a processing liquid; a mover configured to move a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid; an ejector configured to eject a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface; and a controller configured to move up an ejection position of the vapor by the ejector as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 2. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a plurality of nozzles arranged in multiple tiers, and
the controller causes the ejector to start ejection of the vapor sequentially from a nozzle disposed at a lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles. 3. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller sequentially switches a nozzle that ejects the vapor among the plurality of nozzles to a nozzle disposed at a higher tier as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 4. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 5. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 6. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 7. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 8. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 9. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 10. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a nozzle that is moved up along with the plurality of substrates. 11. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 12. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is disposed above the plurality of substrates and configured to eject the vapor downward toward upper ends of the plurality of substrates. 13. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 14. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 15. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 16. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 17. A substrate processing method comprising:
immersing a plurality of substrates in a processing liquid stored in a liquid processing tank; moving the plurality of substrates to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid after the liquid processing; and ejecting a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface during the moving, wherein the ejecting includes moving up an ejection position of the vapor as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a program that causes a computer to perform the substrate processing method according to claim 17. | A substrate processing apparatus includes a liquid processing tank, a movement mechanism, an ejector, and a controller. The liquid processing tank stores a processing liquid. The movement mechanism moves a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. The ejector ejects a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surfaces. The controller moves up the ejection position of the vapor of the organic solvent by the ejection unit as the plurality of substrates are moved up.1. A substrate processing apparatus comprising:
a liquid processing tank configured to store a processing liquid; a mover configured to move a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid; an ejector configured to eject a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface; and a controller configured to move up an ejection position of the vapor by the ejector as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 2. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a plurality of nozzles arranged in multiple tiers, and
the controller causes the ejector to start ejection of the vapor sequentially from a nozzle disposed at a lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles. 3. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller sequentially switches a nozzle that ejects the vapor among the plurality of nozzles to a nozzle disposed at a higher tier as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 4. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 5. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 6. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 7. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 8. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 9. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 10. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a nozzle that is moved up along with the plurality of substrates. 11. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 12. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is disposed above the plurality of substrates and configured to eject the vapor downward toward upper ends of the plurality of substrates. 13. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 14. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 15. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 16. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 17. A substrate processing method comprising:
immersing a plurality of substrates in a processing liquid stored in a liquid processing tank; moving the plurality of substrates to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid after the liquid processing; and ejecting a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface during the moving, wherein the ejecting includes moving up an ejection position of the vapor as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a program that causes a computer to perform the substrate processing method according to claim 17. | 3,600 |
345,631 | 16,804,052 | 3,641 | A substrate processing apparatus includes a liquid processing tank, a movement mechanism, an ejector, and a controller. The liquid processing tank stores a processing liquid. The movement mechanism moves a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. The ejector ejects a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surfaces. The controller moves up the ejection position of the vapor of the organic solvent by the ejection unit as the plurality of substrates are moved up. | 1. A substrate processing apparatus comprising:
a liquid processing tank configured to store a processing liquid; a mover configured to move a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid; an ejector configured to eject a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface; and a controller configured to move up an ejection position of the vapor by the ejector as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 2. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a plurality of nozzles arranged in multiple tiers, and
the controller causes the ejector to start ejection of the vapor sequentially from a nozzle disposed at a lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles. 3. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller sequentially switches a nozzle that ejects the vapor among the plurality of nozzles to a nozzle disposed at a higher tier as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 4. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 5. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 6. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 7. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 8. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 9. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 10. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a nozzle that is moved up along with the plurality of substrates. 11. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 12. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is disposed above the plurality of substrates and configured to eject the vapor downward toward upper ends of the plurality of substrates. 13. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 14. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 15. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 16. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 17. A substrate processing method comprising:
immersing a plurality of substrates in a processing liquid stored in a liquid processing tank; moving the plurality of substrates to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid after the liquid processing; and ejecting a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface during the moving, wherein the ejecting includes moving up an ejection position of the vapor as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a program that causes a computer to perform the substrate processing method according to claim 17. | A substrate processing apparatus includes a liquid processing tank, a movement mechanism, an ejector, and a controller. The liquid processing tank stores a processing liquid. The movement mechanism moves a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. The ejector ejects a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surfaces. The controller moves up the ejection position of the vapor of the organic solvent by the ejection unit as the plurality of substrates are moved up.1. A substrate processing apparatus comprising:
a liquid processing tank configured to store a processing liquid; a mover configured to move a plurality of substrates immersed in the liquid processing tank to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid; an ejector configured to eject a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface; and a controller configured to move up an ejection position of the vapor by the ejector as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 2. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a plurality of nozzles arranged in multiple tiers, and
the controller causes the ejector to start ejection of the vapor sequentially from a nozzle disposed at a lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles. 3. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller sequentially switches a nozzle that ejects the vapor among the plurality of nozzles to a nozzle disposed at a higher tier as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 4. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 5. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 6. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of nozzles are arranged on a lateral side of a moving path of the plurality of substrates by the mover, and
wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles ejects the vapor horizontally or obliquely downward. 7. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle disposed at the lowermost tier among the plurality of nozzles is disposed at a position lower than a height position of upper ends of the plurality of substrates when upper halves of the plurality of substrates have been completely exposed from the liquid surface. 8. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 9. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 10. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector includes a nozzle that is moved up along with the plurality of substrates. 11. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 12. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle is disposed above the plurality of substrates and configured to eject the vapor downward toward upper ends of the plurality of substrates. 13. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 14. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector starts the ejection of the vapor before the plurality of substrates are exposed from the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 15. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cooler configured to cool the processing liquid. 16. The substrate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is provided on the mover. 17. A substrate processing method comprising:
immersing a plurality of substrates in a processing liquid stored in a liquid processing tank; moving the plurality of substrates to a position above a liquid surface of the processing liquid after the liquid processing; and ejecting a vapor of an organic solvent toward portions of the plurality of substrates exposed from the liquid surface during the moving, wherein the ejecting includes moving up an ejection position of the vapor as the plurality of substrates are moved to the position above the liquid surface of the processing liquid. 18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a program that causes a computer to perform the substrate processing method according to claim 17. | 3,600 |
345,632 | 16,804,055 | 3,641 | A dispensing system includes a container and an overcap. The container includes a central, longitudinal axis and a first outermost point. The first outermost point of the container is a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis. The overcap is coupled to the container and includes a pivotable trigger that is configured to pivot between an unactuated position and an actuated position. A second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance. Further, the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. | 1. A dispensing system, comprising:
a container having a central, longitudinal axis, a first outermost point of the container being a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis; and an overcap coupled to the container, the overcap including a pivotable trigger that is configured to pivot between an unactuated position and an actuated position, wherein a second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance, and wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 2. The dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the container further includes a mounting cup, and wherein a grip portion of the trigger extends below the mounting cup of the container in a direction along the central, longitudinal axis. 3. The dispensing system of claim 1, wherein a portion of the trigger is curved about a first axis of curvature. 4. The dispensing system of claim 3, wherein the portion of the trigger is curved about a second axis of curvature perpendicular to the first axis of curvature. 5. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger has a length in a direction along the central, longitudinal axis of between about 40 millimeters and about 60 millimeters. 6. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein a lowermost point of the grip portion of the trigger is to move along an arcuate path having an arc length of between about 4 millimeters and less than about 14 millimeters. 7. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the container has a first footprint and the overcap has a second footprint, and wherein the second footprint of the overcap is disposed entirely within the first footprint. 8. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the overcap includes a housing, a cap coupled to the housing, and a manifold integrally formed with the cap. 9. The dispensing system of claim 8, wherein a lowermost point of the grip portion is to move along a first arcuate path, and an end portion of the manifold is to move along a second arcuate path opposing the first arcuate path when the trigger moves from the unactuated position to the actuated position. 10. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein a total range of movement of the trigger is between about 2 degrees and less than about 10 degrees of rotation of the trigger. 11. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger has a first portion adjacent a discharge outlet and a second portion adjacent the container, the first portion having a first thickness and the second portion having a second thickness less than the first thickness. 12. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of the grip portion is to move away from the central longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 13. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger has an uppermost point adjacent a discharge outlet and a lowermost point adjacent the container, and wherein the trigger is dimensioned such that the uppermost point and the lowermost point follow the same trajectory when the trigger pivots about an axis of rotation. 14. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the overcap includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposite the first sidewall, and wherein the trigger includes an arm extending through an aperture of the first sidewall and pivotably coupled to the second sidewall. 15. The dispensing system according to claim 14, wherein the grip portion is concave and the second sidewall is concave. 16. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the overcap includes an elastically deformed skirt substantially conforming to a shape of the container. 17. A dispensing system, comprising:
a container having a central, longitudinal axis, a first outermost point of the container being a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis; and an overcap coupled to the container, the overcap including a trigger that is configured to angularly move between an unactuated position and an actuated position, wherein a second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance, and wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 18. The dispensing system of claim 17, wherein an upper end of a grip portion of the trigger is to move away from the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 19. A dispensing system, comprising:
a container having a central, longitudinal axis, a first outermost point of the container being a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis; and an overcap coupled to the container, the overcap including a trigger that is configured to move between an unactuated position and an actuated position, wherein a second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance, wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position, wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is defined by a first vertical component along the central, longitudinal axis when in the unactuated position, and wherein the second outermost point is defined by a second vertical component along the central longitudinal axis when in the actuated position, the second vertical component being different from the first vertical component. 20. The dispensing system of claim 19, wherein the overcap further includes a manifold, and wherein the lowermost point of the grip portion is to move along a first arcuate path, and an end portion of the manifold is to move along a second arcuate path opposing the first arcuate path when the trigger moves from the unactuated position to the actuated position. | A dispensing system includes a container and an overcap. The container includes a central, longitudinal axis and a first outermost point. The first outermost point of the container is a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis. The overcap is coupled to the container and includes a pivotable trigger that is configured to pivot between an unactuated position and an actuated position. A second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance. Further, the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position.1. A dispensing system, comprising:
a container having a central, longitudinal axis, a first outermost point of the container being a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis; and an overcap coupled to the container, the overcap including a pivotable trigger that is configured to pivot between an unactuated position and an actuated position, wherein a second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance, and wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 2. The dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the container further includes a mounting cup, and wherein a grip portion of the trigger extends below the mounting cup of the container in a direction along the central, longitudinal axis. 3. The dispensing system of claim 1, wherein a portion of the trigger is curved about a first axis of curvature. 4. The dispensing system of claim 3, wherein the portion of the trigger is curved about a second axis of curvature perpendicular to the first axis of curvature. 5. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger has a length in a direction along the central, longitudinal axis of between about 40 millimeters and about 60 millimeters. 6. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein a lowermost point of the grip portion of the trigger is to move along an arcuate path having an arc length of between about 4 millimeters and less than about 14 millimeters. 7. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the container has a first footprint and the overcap has a second footprint, and wherein the second footprint of the overcap is disposed entirely within the first footprint. 8. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the overcap includes a housing, a cap coupled to the housing, and a manifold integrally formed with the cap. 9. The dispensing system of claim 8, wherein a lowermost point of the grip portion is to move along a first arcuate path, and an end portion of the manifold is to move along a second arcuate path opposing the first arcuate path when the trigger moves from the unactuated position to the actuated position. 10. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein a total range of movement of the trigger is between about 2 degrees and less than about 10 degrees of rotation of the trigger. 11. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger has a first portion adjacent a discharge outlet and a second portion adjacent the container, the first portion having a first thickness and the second portion having a second thickness less than the first thickness. 12. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of the grip portion is to move away from the central longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 13. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger has an uppermost point adjacent a discharge outlet and a lowermost point adjacent the container, and wherein the trigger is dimensioned such that the uppermost point and the lowermost point follow the same trajectory when the trigger pivots about an axis of rotation. 14. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the overcap includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposite the first sidewall, and wherein the trigger includes an arm extending through an aperture of the first sidewall and pivotably coupled to the second sidewall. 15. The dispensing system according to claim 14, wherein the grip portion is concave and the second sidewall is concave. 16. The dispensing system according to claim 1, wherein the overcap includes an elastically deformed skirt substantially conforming to a shape of the container. 17. A dispensing system, comprising:
a container having a central, longitudinal axis, a first outermost point of the container being a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis; and an overcap coupled to the container, the overcap including a trigger that is configured to angularly move between an unactuated position and an actuated position, wherein a second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance, and wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 18. The dispensing system of claim 17, wherein an upper end of a grip portion of the trigger is to move away from the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position. 19. A dispensing system, comprising:
a container having a central, longitudinal axis, a first outermost point of the container being a first distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a first line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis; and an overcap coupled to the container, the overcap including a trigger that is configured to move between an unactuated position and an actuated position, wherein a second outermost point of the trigger is a second distance from the central, longitudinal axis along a second line perpendicular to the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger is in the unactuated position, the second distance less than the first distance, wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is to move toward the central, longitudinal axis when the trigger moves toward the actuated position, wherein the second outermost point of the trigger is defined by a first vertical component along the central, longitudinal axis when in the unactuated position, and wherein the second outermost point is defined by a second vertical component along the central longitudinal axis when in the actuated position, the second vertical component being different from the first vertical component. 20. The dispensing system of claim 19, wherein the overcap further includes a manifold, and wherein the lowermost point of the grip portion is to move along a first arcuate path, and an end portion of the manifold is to move along a second arcuate path opposing the first arcuate path when the trigger moves from the unactuated position to the actuated position. | 3,600 |
345,633 | 16,643,503 | 3,641 | An induction heating and wireless power transmitting apparatus includes: a first working coil portion including first and second working coils that are connected in parallel; a first inverter unit configured to apply a resonant current to the first working coil and the second working coil by performing a switching operation; a first semiconductor switch connected to the first working coil and configured to turn the first working coil on or off; a second semiconductor switch connected to the second working coil and configured to turn the second working coil on or off; and a control unit for configured to detect whether an object is positioned above the first working coil or the second working coil based on controlling the first and second semiconductor switches and the first inverter unit. | 1-16. (canceled) 17. An apparatus for induction heating and wireless power transmission, the apparatus comprising:
a first group of working coils comprising a first working coil and a second working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a first inverter configured to perform a switching operation to generate a resonance current in at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; a first semiconductor switch electrically connected to the first working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil; a second semiconductor switch electrically connected to the second working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil; and a controller configured to control operation of each of the first inverter, the first semiconductor switch, and the second semiconductor switch to thereby detect whether an object is disposed above at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to:
provide the first inverter with a plurality of pulses comprising one pulse, two pulses, or three pulses, each pulse being applied to the first inverter for a period of time; and turn on and turn off each of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch by providing the first inverter with the plurality of pulses until a position of the object is detected. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the controller is configured to:
provide the first inverter with the plurality of pulses after turning on the first semiconductor switch at a first time point; and based on the object not being detected after the first time point and before a second time point, turn off the first semiconductor switch and turn on the second semiconductor switch at the second time point, and then provide the first inverter with the plurality of pulses again. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on the object not being detected after the second time point and before a third time point, turn off the second semiconductor switch and turn on the first semiconductor switch at the third time point, and then provide the first inverter with the plurality of pulses again. 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on an elapse of a first delay after the first semiconductor switch is turned on at the first time point, provide the plurality of pulses to the first inverter; and based on an elapse of a second delay after providing the plurality of pulses to the first inverter, turn off the first semiconductor switch at the second time point. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on a determination that the object is disposed above the first working coil, provide the first inverter with a switching signal having a frequency and a phase that are adjusted corresponding to a power level input by a user; and turn on and turn off the first semiconductor switch based on the switching signal. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the controller is configured to:
stop providing the first inverter with the switching signal to detect whether another object is disposed above the second working coil; turn off the first semiconductor switch and turn on the second semiconductor switch at a start of a predetermined period of time after stopping providing the first inverter with the switching signal; and provide the first inverter with a single pulse within the predetermined period of time after turning on the second semiconductor switch. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on another object not being detected above the second working coil until an end of the predetermined period of time, turn off the second semiconductor switch and turn on the first semiconductor switch at the end of the predetermined period of time; and provide the first inverter with the switching signal again after turning on the first semiconductor switch at the end of the predetermined period of time. 25. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to:
detect an attenuation degree of the resonance current generated in the at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; and based on the attenuation degree of the resonance current, determine a position of the object above the at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the controller is configured to:
compare a first attenuation degree of the resonance current generated in the first working coil with a second attenuation degree of the resonance current generated in the second working coil; and based on the first attenuation degree being greater than the second attenuation degree, determine that the object is disposed above the first working coil. 27. An apparatus for induction heating and wireless power transmission, the apparatus comprising:
a first group of working coils comprising a first working coil and a second working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a first inverter configured to perform a first switching operation to generate a first resonance current in at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; a second group of working coils comprising a third working coil and a fourth working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a second inverter electrically connected to the first inverter in parallel and configured to perform a second switching operation to generate a second resonance current to at least one of the third working coil or the fourth working coil; and a controller configured to:
provide the first inverter with a first switching signal to control operation of the first inverter, the first switching signal having a first frequency and a first phase,
provide the second inverter with a second switching signal to control operation of the second inverter, the second switching signal having a second frequency and a second phase, and
adjust the first frequency, the second frequency, the first phase, and the second phase based on a position of an object disposed above at least of the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, or the fourth working coil. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on a first object being disposed above the first group of working coils, adjust the first frequency and the first phase of the first switching signal to correspond to a first power level to be transmitted to the first object; and based on a second object being disposed above the second group of working coils, adjust the second frequency and the second phase of the second switching signal to correspond to a second power level to be transmitted to the second object. 29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on portions of the object being disposed above the first working coil and the third working coil, synchronize the first frequency and the second frequency and synchronize the first phase and the second phase to correspond to a power level to be transmitted to the object. 30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the controller is configured to:
match the first frequency with the second frequency to synchronize the first frequency and the second frequency corresponding to the power level; and match the first phase with the second phase to synchronize the first phase and the second phase corresponding to the power level. 31. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising:
a third ground of working coils comprising a fifth working coil and a sixth working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a third inverter that is connected to each of the first inverter and the second inverter electrically in parallel and that is configured to perform a third switching operation to generate a third resonance current in at least one of the fifth working coil or the sixth working coil; a first semiconductor switch electrically connected to the first working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil; a second semiconductor switch electrically connected to the second working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil; a third semiconductor switch electrically connected to the third working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the third working coil; a fourth semiconductor switch electrically connected to the fourth working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the fourth working coil; a fifth semiconductor switch electrically connected to the fifth working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the fifth working coil; a sixth semiconductor switch electrically connected to the sixth working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the sixth working coil, wherein the controller is configured to:
provide a third switching signal to the third inverter to control operation of the third inverter, the third switch signal having a third frequency and a third phase, and
adjust the first frequency, the second frequency, the third frequency, the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase based on the position of the object disposed above at least one of the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, the fourth working coil, the fifth working coil, and the sixth working coil. 32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the controller is configured to:
detect a first object disposed above the first working coil and the third working coil; and detect a second object disposed above the second working coil and the fifth working coil. 33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the controller is configured to:
synchronize the first frequency, the second frequency, and the third frequency and synchronize the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase to correspond to a first power level to be transmitted to the first object, the first power level being greater than a second power level to be transmitted to the second object; provide the first inverter with the first switching signal after turning on the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch; turn on the second semiconductor switch after turning off the second semiconductor switch for a specific period of time to correspond to the second power level; provide the second inverter with the synchronized second switching signal after turning on the third semiconductor switch; provide the third inverter with the synchronized third switching signal after turning on the fifth semiconductor switch; and turn on the fifth semiconductor switch after turning off the fifth semiconductor switch for the specific period of time to correspond to the second power level. 34. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the controller is configured to:
synchronize the first frequency and the second frequency and synchronize the first phase and the second phase to correspond to a first power level to be transmitted to the first object, the first power level being greater than a second power level to be transmitted to the second object; provide the first inverter with the synchronized first switching signal after turning on the first semiconductor switch in a state in which the second semiconductor switch is turned off; provide the second inverter with the synchronized second switching signal after turning on the third semiconductor switch; adjust the third frequency and the third phase of the third switching signal based on the second power level; and provide the third inverter with the adjusted third switching signal after turning on the fifth semiconductor switch. 35. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the controller is configured to:
receive from the object, object information comprising at least one of a type of the object, a charging mode of the object, and an amount of power to charge the object; and determine the first switching signal or the second switching signal based on the objected information. 36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on the charging mode of the object disposed above the first working coil corresponding to a fast charging mode, adjust the first frequency to increase a magnitude of the first resonance current generated in the first working coil. | An induction heating and wireless power transmitting apparatus includes: a first working coil portion including first and second working coils that are connected in parallel; a first inverter unit configured to apply a resonant current to the first working coil and the second working coil by performing a switching operation; a first semiconductor switch connected to the first working coil and configured to turn the first working coil on or off; a second semiconductor switch connected to the second working coil and configured to turn the second working coil on or off; and a control unit for configured to detect whether an object is positioned above the first working coil or the second working coil based on controlling the first and second semiconductor switches and the first inverter unit.1-16. (canceled) 17. An apparatus for induction heating and wireless power transmission, the apparatus comprising:
a first group of working coils comprising a first working coil and a second working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a first inverter configured to perform a switching operation to generate a resonance current in at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; a first semiconductor switch electrically connected to the first working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil; a second semiconductor switch electrically connected to the second working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil; and a controller configured to control operation of each of the first inverter, the first semiconductor switch, and the second semiconductor switch to thereby detect whether an object is disposed above at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to:
provide the first inverter with a plurality of pulses comprising one pulse, two pulses, or three pulses, each pulse being applied to the first inverter for a period of time; and turn on and turn off each of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch by providing the first inverter with the plurality of pulses until a position of the object is detected. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the controller is configured to:
provide the first inverter with the plurality of pulses after turning on the first semiconductor switch at a first time point; and based on the object not being detected after the first time point and before a second time point, turn off the first semiconductor switch and turn on the second semiconductor switch at the second time point, and then provide the first inverter with the plurality of pulses again. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on the object not being detected after the second time point and before a third time point, turn off the second semiconductor switch and turn on the first semiconductor switch at the third time point, and then provide the first inverter with the plurality of pulses again. 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on an elapse of a first delay after the first semiconductor switch is turned on at the first time point, provide the plurality of pulses to the first inverter; and based on an elapse of a second delay after providing the plurality of pulses to the first inverter, turn off the first semiconductor switch at the second time point. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on a determination that the object is disposed above the first working coil, provide the first inverter with a switching signal having a frequency and a phase that are adjusted corresponding to a power level input by a user; and turn on and turn off the first semiconductor switch based on the switching signal. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the controller is configured to:
stop providing the first inverter with the switching signal to detect whether another object is disposed above the second working coil; turn off the first semiconductor switch and turn on the second semiconductor switch at a start of a predetermined period of time after stopping providing the first inverter with the switching signal; and provide the first inverter with a single pulse within the predetermined period of time after turning on the second semiconductor switch. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on another object not being detected above the second working coil until an end of the predetermined period of time, turn off the second semiconductor switch and turn on the first semiconductor switch at the end of the predetermined period of time; and provide the first inverter with the switching signal again after turning on the first semiconductor switch at the end of the predetermined period of time. 25. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to:
detect an attenuation degree of the resonance current generated in the at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; and based on the attenuation degree of the resonance current, determine a position of the object above the at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the controller is configured to:
compare a first attenuation degree of the resonance current generated in the first working coil with a second attenuation degree of the resonance current generated in the second working coil; and based on the first attenuation degree being greater than the second attenuation degree, determine that the object is disposed above the first working coil. 27. An apparatus for induction heating and wireless power transmission, the apparatus comprising:
a first group of working coils comprising a first working coil and a second working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a first inverter configured to perform a first switching operation to generate a first resonance current in at least one of the first working coil or the second working coil; a second group of working coils comprising a third working coil and a fourth working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a second inverter electrically connected to the first inverter in parallel and configured to perform a second switching operation to generate a second resonance current to at least one of the third working coil or the fourth working coil; and a controller configured to:
provide the first inverter with a first switching signal to control operation of the first inverter, the first switching signal having a first frequency and a first phase,
provide the second inverter with a second switching signal to control operation of the second inverter, the second switching signal having a second frequency and a second phase, and
adjust the first frequency, the second frequency, the first phase, and the second phase based on a position of an object disposed above at least of the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, or the fourth working coil. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on a first object being disposed above the first group of working coils, adjust the first frequency and the first phase of the first switching signal to correspond to a first power level to be transmitted to the first object; and based on a second object being disposed above the second group of working coils, adjust the second frequency and the second phase of the second switching signal to correspond to a second power level to be transmitted to the second object. 29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on portions of the object being disposed above the first working coil and the third working coil, synchronize the first frequency and the second frequency and synchronize the first phase and the second phase to correspond to a power level to be transmitted to the object. 30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the controller is configured to:
match the first frequency with the second frequency to synchronize the first frequency and the second frequency corresponding to the power level; and match the first phase with the second phase to synchronize the first phase and the second phase corresponding to the power level. 31. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising:
a third ground of working coils comprising a fifth working coil and a sixth working coil that are electrically connected to each other in parallel; a third inverter that is connected to each of the first inverter and the second inverter electrically in parallel and that is configured to perform a third switching operation to generate a third resonance current in at least one of the fifth working coil or the sixth working coil; a first semiconductor switch electrically connected to the first working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the first working coil; a second semiconductor switch electrically connected to the second working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the second working coil; a third semiconductor switch electrically connected to the third working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the third working coil; a fourth semiconductor switch electrically connected to the fourth working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the fourth working coil; a fifth semiconductor switch electrically connected to the fifth working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the fifth working coil; a sixth semiconductor switch electrically connected to the sixth working coil and configured to turn on and turn off the sixth working coil, wherein the controller is configured to:
provide a third switching signal to the third inverter to control operation of the third inverter, the third switch signal having a third frequency and a third phase, and
adjust the first frequency, the second frequency, the third frequency, the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase based on the position of the object disposed above at least one of the first working coil, the second working coil, the third working coil, the fourth working coil, the fifth working coil, and the sixth working coil. 32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the controller is configured to:
detect a first object disposed above the first working coil and the third working coil; and detect a second object disposed above the second working coil and the fifth working coil. 33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the controller is configured to:
synchronize the first frequency, the second frequency, and the third frequency and synchronize the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase to correspond to a first power level to be transmitted to the first object, the first power level being greater than a second power level to be transmitted to the second object; provide the first inverter with the first switching signal after turning on the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch; turn on the second semiconductor switch after turning off the second semiconductor switch for a specific period of time to correspond to the second power level; provide the second inverter with the synchronized second switching signal after turning on the third semiconductor switch; provide the third inverter with the synchronized third switching signal after turning on the fifth semiconductor switch; and turn on the fifth semiconductor switch after turning off the fifth semiconductor switch for the specific period of time to correspond to the second power level. 34. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the controller is configured to:
synchronize the first frequency and the second frequency and synchronize the first phase and the second phase to correspond to a first power level to be transmitted to the first object, the first power level being greater than a second power level to be transmitted to the second object; provide the first inverter with the synchronized first switching signal after turning on the first semiconductor switch in a state in which the second semiconductor switch is turned off; provide the second inverter with the synchronized second switching signal after turning on the third semiconductor switch; adjust the third frequency and the third phase of the third switching signal based on the second power level; and provide the third inverter with the adjusted third switching signal after turning on the fifth semiconductor switch. 35. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the controller is configured to:
receive from the object, object information comprising at least one of a type of the object, a charging mode of the object, and an amount of power to charge the object; and determine the first switching signal or the second switching signal based on the objected information. 36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the controller is configured to:
based on the charging mode of the object disposed above the first working coil corresponding to a fast charging mode, adjust the first frequency to increase a magnitude of the first resonance current generated in the first working coil. | 3,600 |
345,634 | 16,804,033 | 3,641 | A flashlight assembly includes a body having a head portion at one end and an opposing tapered tail portion and a clamping assembly on a bottom side of the body. The tail portion of the body tapers rearwardly towards a tail end thereof and downwardly from an upper side towards the bottom side, such that the tail end of the tail portion merges with the bottom side of the body and forms an inclined contoured surface extending from the bottom side to the top side. A contoured switch is mounted within the inclined angled surface of the tapered tail portion, and includes a safety bail pivotably movable to selectively mechanically impede operation of the switch. | 1. A flashlight comprising:
a body having a head portion at one end and an opposing tapered tail portion; a dovetail rail clamping assembly on a bottom side of said body, said tail portion of said body tapering rearwardly towards a tail end thereof and downwardly from an upper side of said body towards said bottom side of said body, such that said tail end of said tail portion merges with the bottom side of said body and forms an inclined angled surface extending from said bottom side to said top side; and a switch mounted within said inclined angled surface of said tapered tail portion. 2. The flashlight of claim 1 wherein the tapered tail portion has an upwardly curved contour. 3. The flashlight of claim 1 further comprising a push button actuator having an actuation surface which is flush with the tail portion of the body. 4. The flashlight of claim 2 further comprising a push button actuator having an actuation surface which is flush with the tail portion of the body. 5. The flashlight of claim 4 wherein the actuation surface follows the upwardly curved contour of the tail portion. 6. The flashlight of claim 1 wherein said dovetail rail clamping assembly comprising a fixed dovetail protrusion formed with said body, a movable dovetail member mounted to said body, and a locking member operative with said movable dovetail member for selective locking thereof. 7. The flashlight of claim 2 wherein said dovetail rail clamping assembly comprising a fixed dovetail protrusion formed with said body, a movable dovetail member mounted to said body, and a locking member operative with said movable dovetail member for selective locking thereof. 8. The flashlight of claim 4 wherein said dovetail rail clamping assembly comprising a fixed dovetail protrusion formed with said body, a movable dovetail member mounted to said body, and a locking member operative with said movable dovetail member for selective locking thereof. 9. A method of operating a flashlight comprising the steps of:
a) providing a flashlight having a first circuit board with an LED mounted thereon, a second circuit board having a switch and a microprocessor, and an electrical connection extending between said first and second circuit boards, said microprocessor being configured and arranged to control operation of said LED by sending Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals to the first circuit board through said electrical connector; b) beginning a PWM duty cycle at a percentage of a maximum duty cycle; c) starting a duty cycle timer; d) monitoring duty cycle time; e) determining if the duty cycle time has reached a predetermined time increment; f) if no, continuing to monitor the duty cycle time; g) if yes, reducing the duty cycle a predetermined percentage and then determining if the duty cycle reductions have reached a predetermined number of step downs; h) if yes continuing to run at the present duty cycle until shut down; and i) if no, repeating steps c-g until reaching said predetermined number of step downs, and wherein after a last stepdown, said LED is thereafter powered at a prescribed steady state duty cycle. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein an initial PWM duty cycle starts at 90% of the maximum duty cycle. 11. The method of claim 9 wherein the predetermined time increment is between about 2 minutes and about 6 minutes. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the predetermined time increment is 4 minutes. 13. The method of claim 9 wherein the PWM duty cycle is reduced 5% each step down. 14. The method of claim 9 wherein the predetermined number of step downs is 10. | A flashlight assembly includes a body having a head portion at one end and an opposing tapered tail portion and a clamping assembly on a bottom side of the body. The tail portion of the body tapers rearwardly towards a tail end thereof and downwardly from an upper side towards the bottom side, such that the tail end of the tail portion merges with the bottom side of the body and forms an inclined contoured surface extending from the bottom side to the top side. A contoured switch is mounted within the inclined angled surface of the tapered tail portion, and includes a safety bail pivotably movable to selectively mechanically impede operation of the switch.1. A flashlight comprising:
a body having a head portion at one end and an opposing tapered tail portion; a dovetail rail clamping assembly on a bottom side of said body, said tail portion of said body tapering rearwardly towards a tail end thereof and downwardly from an upper side of said body towards said bottom side of said body, such that said tail end of said tail portion merges with the bottom side of said body and forms an inclined angled surface extending from said bottom side to said top side; and a switch mounted within said inclined angled surface of said tapered tail portion. 2. The flashlight of claim 1 wherein the tapered tail portion has an upwardly curved contour. 3. The flashlight of claim 1 further comprising a push button actuator having an actuation surface which is flush with the tail portion of the body. 4. The flashlight of claim 2 further comprising a push button actuator having an actuation surface which is flush with the tail portion of the body. 5. The flashlight of claim 4 wherein the actuation surface follows the upwardly curved contour of the tail portion. 6. The flashlight of claim 1 wherein said dovetail rail clamping assembly comprising a fixed dovetail protrusion formed with said body, a movable dovetail member mounted to said body, and a locking member operative with said movable dovetail member for selective locking thereof. 7. The flashlight of claim 2 wherein said dovetail rail clamping assembly comprising a fixed dovetail protrusion formed with said body, a movable dovetail member mounted to said body, and a locking member operative with said movable dovetail member for selective locking thereof. 8. The flashlight of claim 4 wherein said dovetail rail clamping assembly comprising a fixed dovetail protrusion formed with said body, a movable dovetail member mounted to said body, and a locking member operative with said movable dovetail member for selective locking thereof. 9. A method of operating a flashlight comprising the steps of:
a) providing a flashlight having a first circuit board with an LED mounted thereon, a second circuit board having a switch and a microprocessor, and an electrical connection extending between said first and second circuit boards, said microprocessor being configured and arranged to control operation of said LED by sending Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals to the first circuit board through said electrical connector; b) beginning a PWM duty cycle at a percentage of a maximum duty cycle; c) starting a duty cycle timer; d) monitoring duty cycle time; e) determining if the duty cycle time has reached a predetermined time increment; f) if no, continuing to monitor the duty cycle time; g) if yes, reducing the duty cycle a predetermined percentage and then determining if the duty cycle reductions have reached a predetermined number of step downs; h) if yes continuing to run at the present duty cycle until shut down; and i) if no, repeating steps c-g until reaching said predetermined number of step downs, and wherein after a last stepdown, said LED is thereafter powered at a prescribed steady state duty cycle. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein an initial PWM duty cycle starts at 90% of the maximum duty cycle. 11. The method of claim 9 wherein the predetermined time increment is between about 2 minutes and about 6 minutes. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the predetermined time increment is 4 minutes. 13. The method of claim 9 wherein the PWM duty cycle is reduced 5% each step down. 14. The method of claim 9 wherein the predetermined number of step downs is 10. | 3,600 |
345,635 | 16,804,020 | 3,641 | The current invention provides a recombinant bacterium, the recombinant bacterium being genetically modified to decrease or eliminate the display of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), surface layer protein B (SlpB) and surface layer protein X (SlpX) on the surface of said bacterium. Efficacious therapies for a subject suffering from an inflammation mediated disease are also provided. The methods of the current invention comprise administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant L. acidophilus cells or a therapeutically effective amount of the isolated surface layer protein A (SlpA) or a non-naturally occurring derivative thereof. The recombinant L. acidophilus cells or SlpA isolated from L. acidophilus can be in a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient. In an embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is administered orally. | 1. (canceled) 2. A recombinant bacterium that is genetically modified to express a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 4 or a polypeptide that is at least 70% identical to SEQ ID NO: 4 and does not express (i) a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 1 or orthologs thereof or a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1; (ii) a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 2 or orthologs thereof or a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2; and (iii) a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 3 or orthologs thereof or a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3. 3. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 2, wherein said recombinant bacterium is a Lactobacillus strain. 4. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 3, wherein the Lactobacillus strain is selected from the group consisting of L. acidophilus, L. amylolyticus, L. amylovorus, L. brevis, L. brevis ssp gravesensis, L. buchneri, L. crispatus, L. gallinarum, L. gigeriorum, L. helveticus/suntoryeus, L. hilgardii, L. kefiranofaciens, L. pasteurii, L. lactis and L. ultunensis. 5. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 2, wherein said bacterium lacks genes encoding SEQ ID NO: 1 or orthologues thereof, SEQ ID NO: 2 or orthologues thereof, and SEQ ID NO: 3 or orthologues thereof. 6. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 2, wherein said bacterium does not express (i) a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1; (ii) a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2; and (iii) a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3. 7. A probiotic food comprising the recombinant bacterium of claim 2. 8. A method of treating an inflammatory disease in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant bacterium of claim 2 or a composition comprising said recombinant bacterium. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the recombinant bacterium is orally administered to the subject. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the inflammatory disease is selected from the group consisting of allergies, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, diabetes, Type I diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), interstitial cystitis (IC), Lofgren's syndrome, lupus erythematosis, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, osteoarthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, prostatitis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Raynaud's syndrome/phenomenon, reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome), restless leg syndrome, reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome, ulcerative colitis and uveitis. | The current invention provides a recombinant bacterium, the recombinant bacterium being genetically modified to decrease or eliminate the display of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), surface layer protein B (SlpB) and surface layer protein X (SlpX) on the surface of said bacterium. Efficacious therapies for a subject suffering from an inflammation mediated disease are also provided. The methods of the current invention comprise administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant L. acidophilus cells or a therapeutically effective amount of the isolated surface layer protein A (SlpA) or a non-naturally occurring derivative thereof. The recombinant L. acidophilus cells or SlpA isolated from L. acidophilus can be in a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient. In an embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is administered orally.1. (canceled) 2. A recombinant bacterium that is genetically modified to express a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 4 or a polypeptide that is at least 70% identical to SEQ ID NO: 4 and does not express (i) a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 1 or orthologs thereof or a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1; (ii) a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 2 or orthologs thereof or a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2; and (iii) a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 3 or orthologs thereof or a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3. 3. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 2, wherein said recombinant bacterium is a Lactobacillus strain. 4. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 3, wherein the Lactobacillus strain is selected from the group consisting of L. acidophilus, L. amylolyticus, L. amylovorus, L. brevis, L. brevis ssp gravesensis, L. buchneri, L. crispatus, L. gallinarum, L. gigeriorum, L. helveticus/suntoryeus, L. hilgardii, L. kefiranofaciens, L. pasteurii, L. lactis and L. ultunensis. 5. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 2, wherein said bacterium lacks genes encoding SEQ ID NO: 1 or orthologues thereof, SEQ ID NO: 2 or orthologues thereof, and SEQ ID NO: 3 or orthologues thereof. 6. The recombinant bacterium according to claim 2, wherein said bacterium does not express (i) a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1; (ii) a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2; and (iii) a polypeptide having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3. 7. A probiotic food comprising the recombinant bacterium of claim 2. 8. A method of treating an inflammatory disease in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant bacterium of claim 2 or a composition comprising said recombinant bacterium. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the recombinant bacterium is orally administered to the subject. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the inflammatory disease is selected from the group consisting of allergies, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, diabetes, Type I diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), interstitial cystitis (IC), Lofgren's syndrome, lupus erythematosis, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, osteoarthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, prostatitis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Raynaud's syndrome/phenomenon, reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome), restless leg syndrome, reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome, ulcerative colitis and uveitis. | 3,600 |
345,636 | 16,804,046 | 3,641 | Disclosed is an automatic spray. The automatic spray includes a main body containing a mixed liquid, a pump unit contained in a space formed at a lower portion of the main body to provide power for discharging the mixed liquid, a battery module contained in the space to supply electric power to the pump unit, and a control unit contained in the space to control the supply of the electric power of the battery module to the pump unit, wherein the control unit includes a pair of male and female connectors as a connection part for receiving a current from the battery module or outputting a control current for controlling a speed of the pump unit, and each of the pump unit and the battery module includes one of male and female connectors connectable to the male and female connectors of the control unit. | 1. An automatic spray comprising:
a main body containing a mixed liquid; a pump unit contained in a space formed at a lower portion of the main body to provide power for discharging the mixed liquid; a battery module contained in the space formed at the lower portion of the main body to supply electric power to the pump unit; and a control unit contained in the space formed at the lower portion of the main body to control the supply of the electric power of the battery module to the pump unit, wherein the control unit includes a pair of male and female connectors as a connection part for receiving a current from the battery module or outputting a control current for controlling a speed of the pump unit, and each of the pump unit and the battery module includes one of male and female connectors connectable to the male and female connectors of the control unit. 2. The automatic spray of claim 1, wherein the pump unit includes a male connector connectable to the female connector of the control unit, and
the battery module includes a female connector connectable to the male connector of the control unit. 3. The automatic spray of claim 2, wherein the female connector of the battery module and the male connector of the pump unit are connectable to each other, and
a motor of the pump unit is operated by a connection of the battery module and the pump unit when neither the pump unit nor the battery module has failed. 4. The automatic spray of claim 1, wherein the control unit is formed by modularizing a power switch configured to selectively supply electric power to circuit components constituting the control unit, a speed regulator configured to adjust a motor speed of the pump unit, and a bypass switch connected to the battery module and configured to selectively bypass the electric power supplied from the battery module to the pump unit by an operation of a user. 5. The automatic spray of claim 4, wherein the bypass switch is configured to selectively perform a first operation of transferring the electric power supplied from the battery module to the power switch and a second operation of bypassing the electric power supplied from the battery module to the pump unit. | Disclosed is an automatic spray. The automatic spray includes a main body containing a mixed liquid, a pump unit contained in a space formed at a lower portion of the main body to provide power for discharging the mixed liquid, a battery module contained in the space to supply electric power to the pump unit, and a control unit contained in the space to control the supply of the electric power of the battery module to the pump unit, wherein the control unit includes a pair of male and female connectors as a connection part for receiving a current from the battery module or outputting a control current for controlling a speed of the pump unit, and each of the pump unit and the battery module includes one of male and female connectors connectable to the male and female connectors of the control unit.1. An automatic spray comprising:
a main body containing a mixed liquid; a pump unit contained in a space formed at a lower portion of the main body to provide power for discharging the mixed liquid; a battery module contained in the space formed at the lower portion of the main body to supply electric power to the pump unit; and a control unit contained in the space formed at the lower portion of the main body to control the supply of the electric power of the battery module to the pump unit, wherein the control unit includes a pair of male and female connectors as a connection part for receiving a current from the battery module or outputting a control current for controlling a speed of the pump unit, and each of the pump unit and the battery module includes one of male and female connectors connectable to the male and female connectors of the control unit. 2. The automatic spray of claim 1, wherein the pump unit includes a male connector connectable to the female connector of the control unit, and
the battery module includes a female connector connectable to the male connector of the control unit. 3. The automatic spray of claim 2, wherein the female connector of the battery module and the male connector of the pump unit are connectable to each other, and
a motor of the pump unit is operated by a connection of the battery module and the pump unit when neither the pump unit nor the battery module has failed. 4. The automatic spray of claim 1, wherein the control unit is formed by modularizing a power switch configured to selectively supply electric power to circuit components constituting the control unit, a speed regulator configured to adjust a motor speed of the pump unit, and a bypass switch connected to the battery module and configured to selectively bypass the electric power supplied from the battery module to the pump unit by an operation of a user. 5. The automatic spray of claim 4, wherein the bypass switch is configured to selectively perform a first operation of transferring the electric power supplied from the battery module to the power switch and a second operation of bypassing the electric power supplied from the battery module to the pump unit. | 3,600 |
345,637 | 16,804,024 | 3,641 | A band-stop filter comprises: a housing having a top wall, a bottom wall and at least one side wall, the housing defining an internal cavity; a signal input port and a signal output port that are respectively disposed on one of the at least one side wall; a resonating element that is disposed in the internal cavity and includes a top, a bottom, and a side; and a transmission line that is disposed in the internal cavity and coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port, the transmission line comprising a coupling section that is coupled to the resonating element, wherein the coupling section is configured to surround more than half of the side of the resonating element and not directly contact the housing and the resonating element. | 1. A band-stop filter comprising:
a housing comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and at least one side wall, the housing defining an internal cavity; a signal input port that is disposed on one of the at least one side wall; a signal output port that is disposed on one of the at least one side wall; a resonating element that is disposed in the internal cavity and includes a top, a bottom, and a side; and a transmission line that is disposed in the internal cavity and coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port, the transmission line comprising a coupling section that is coupled to the resonating element, wherein the coupling section is configured to surround more than half of the side of the resonating element and not directly contact the housing and the resonating element. 2. The band-stop filter according to claim 1, wherein the coupling section is configured to completely surround the side of the resonating element. 3. The band-stop filter according to claim 2, wherein the coupling section is configured to be substantially annular and substantially parallel to the bottom wall. 4. The band-stop filter according to claim 3, wherein the resonating element is a coaxial resonating element whose longitudinal axis is substantially perpendicular to the bottom wall, and the resonating element and the transmission line are positioned such that the longitudinal axis of the coaxial resonating element substantially passes through a center of the coupling section. 5. The band-stop filter according to claim 3, wherein the transmission line further comprises a first connecting section and a second connecting section,
the coupling section is connected to the first connecting section through a first joint and coupled to the signal input port via the first connecting section; the coupling section is connected to the second connecting section through a second joint and coupled to the signal output port via the second connecting section, wherein the first joint and the second joint are positioned at different locations on an outer circumference of the substantially annular coupling section. 6. The band-stop filter according to claim 5, wherein the first joint and the second joint are non-centrosymmetric with respect to a center of the inner circumference of the substantially annular coupling section. 7. The band-stop filter according to claim 5, wherein the transmission line is coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port sequentially through the first connecting section, the coupling section and the second connecting section. 8. The band-stop filter according to claim 3, wherein the resonating element is a first resonating element, the coupling section is a first coupling section, and the band-stop filter further comprises a second resonating element, the transmission line further comprises a second coupling section,
the second coupling section is configured to be substantially annular and completely surround a side of the second resonating element and not directly contact the housing and the second resonating element, wherein the second coupling section and the first coupling section are positioned on a common plane. 9. The band-stop filter of claim 8, wherein the housing further comprises a partition extending upwardly from the bottom wall into the internal cavity so as to define first and second cavities within the internal cavity, the first and second cavities are located on opposite sides of the partition and substantially isolated from each other, and the first resonating element is disposed within the first cavity along with the first coupling section and the second resonating element is disposed within the second cavity along with the second coupling section. 10. The band-stop filter according to claim 9, wherein the first resonating element and the second resonating element are adjacent one another, and the transmission line further comprises a connecting section that is configured to connect the first coupling section to the second coupling section and is positioned on the common plane, and wherein the connecting section has a bend. 11. (canceled) 12. The band-stop filter according to claim 10, wherein an upper end of the partition includes a recess to accommodate the connecting section. 13. (canceled) 14. The band-stop filter according to claim 1, wherein the transmission line comprises a stripline transmission line. 15. The band-stop filter according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the resonating element is fixed to the bottom wall, the top of the resonating element has an upward opening, and an upper edge of the resonating element has an outward flange that has a lower surface that is opposite an upper surface of the coupling section. 16. The band-stop filter according to claim 15, wherein the flange and the coupling section overlap in a plan view that is parallel to the bottom wall. 17. A transmission line for a band-stop filter, the band-stop filter including a housing that defines an internal cavity, a signal input port and a signal output port that are disposed on the housing, and a resonating element and a transmission line that are disposed in the internal cavity, wherein the transmission line is coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port and includes a coupling section that is configured to be substantially parallel to a bottom wall of the housing, substantially annular, and to completely surround a side of the resonating element, and to not directly contact the housing and the resonating element, such that the transmission line is coupled to the resonating element through the coupling section. 18. The transmission line according to claim 17, wherein the transmission line further comprises a first connecting section and a second connecting section,
the coupling section is connected to the first connecting section through a first joint and coupled to the signal input port via the first connecting section; the coupling section is connected to the second connecting section through a second joint and coupled to the signal output port via the second connecting section, wherein the first joint and the second joint are positioned at different locations on an outer circumference of the substantially annular coupling section. 19-25. (canceled) 26. A band-stop filter comprising:
a housing defining an internal cavity; a signal input port on the housing; a signal output port on the housing; a resonating element in the internal cavity; and a transmission line in the internal cavity and coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port, the transmission line including a coupling section and being coupled to the resonating element through the coupling section, wherein the coupling section includes a first portion that partially surrounds the resonating element on a first side thereof and a second portion that partially surrounds the resonating element on a second side thereof that is opposite the first side, and a first end of the first portion and a first end of the second portion are connected by a first joint. 27. The band-stop filter according to claim 26, wherein a second end of the first portion and a second end of the second portion are connected by a second joint. 28. The band-stop filter according to claim 27, wherein the transmission line further includes a first connecting section and a second connecting section,
the coupling section is connected to the first connecting section through the first joint and coupled to the signal input port via the first connecting section; the coupling section is connected to the second connecting section through the second joint and coupled to the signal output port via the second connecting section. 29. The band-stop filter according to claim 28, wherein the length of the first portion is different than that of the second portion. 30-32. (canceled) | A band-stop filter comprises: a housing having a top wall, a bottom wall and at least one side wall, the housing defining an internal cavity; a signal input port and a signal output port that are respectively disposed on one of the at least one side wall; a resonating element that is disposed in the internal cavity and includes a top, a bottom, and a side; and a transmission line that is disposed in the internal cavity and coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port, the transmission line comprising a coupling section that is coupled to the resonating element, wherein the coupling section is configured to surround more than half of the side of the resonating element and not directly contact the housing and the resonating element.1. A band-stop filter comprising:
a housing comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and at least one side wall, the housing defining an internal cavity; a signal input port that is disposed on one of the at least one side wall; a signal output port that is disposed on one of the at least one side wall; a resonating element that is disposed in the internal cavity and includes a top, a bottom, and a side; and a transmission line that is disposed in the internal cavity and coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port, the transmission line comprising a coupling section that is coupled to the resonating element, wherein the coupling section is configured to surround more than half of the side of the resonating element and not directly contact the housing and the resonating element. 2. The band-stop filter according to claim 1, wherein the coupling section is configured to completely surround the side of the resonating element. 3. The band-stop filter according to claim 2, wherein the coupling section is configured to be substantially annular and substantially parallel to the bottom wall. 4. The band-stop filter according to claim 3, wherein the resonating element is a coaxial resonating element whose longitudinal axis is substantially perpendicular to the bottom wall, and the resonating element and the transmission line are positioned such that the longitudinal axis of the coaxial resonating element substantially passes through a center of the coupling section. 5. The band-stop filter according to claim 3, wherein the transmission line further comprises a first connecting section and a second connecting section,
the coupling section is connected to the first connecting section through a first joint and coupled to the signal input port via the first connecting section; the coupling section is connected to the second connecting section through a second joint and coupled to the signal output port via the second connecting section, wherein the first joint and the second joint are positioned at different locations on an outer circumference of the substantially annular coupling section. 6. The band-stop filter according to claim 5, wherein the first joint and the second joint are non-centrosymmetric with respect to a center of the inner circumference of the substantially annular coupling section. 7. The band-stop filter according to claim 5, wherein the transmission line is coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port sequentially through the first connecting section, the coupling section and the second connecting section. 8. The band-stop filter according to claim 3, wherein the resonating element is a first resonating element, the coupling section is a first coupling section, and the band-stop filter further comprises a second resonating element, the transmission line further comprises a second coupling section,
the second coupling section is configured to be substantially annular and completely surround a side of the second resonating element and not directly contact the housing and the second resonating element, wherein the second coupling section and the first coupling section are positioned on a common plane. 9. The band-stop filter of claim 8, wherein the housing further comprises a partition extending upwardly from the bottom wall into the internal cavity so as to define first and second cavities within the internal cavity, the first and second cavities are located on opposite sides of the partition and substantially isolated from each other, and the first resonating element is disposed within the first cavity along with the first coupling section and the second resonating element is disposed within the second cavity along with the second coupling section. 10. The band-stop filter according to claim 9, wherein the first resonating element and the second resonating element are adjacent one another, and the transmission line further comprises a connecting section that is configured to connect the first coupling section to the second coupling section and is positioned on the common plane, and wherein the connecting section has a bend. 11. (canceled) 12. The band-stop filter according to claim 10, wherein an upper end of the partition includes a recess to accommodate the connecting section. 13. (canceled) 14. The band-stop filter according to claim 1, wherein the transmission line comprises a stripline transmission line. 15. The band-stop filter according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the resonating element is fixed to the bottom wall, the top of the resonating element has an upward opening, and an upper edge of the resonating element has an outward flange that has a lower surface that is opposite an upper surface of the coupling section. 16. The band-stop filter according to claim 15, wherein the flange and the coupling section overlap in a plan view that is parallel to the bottom wall. 17. A transmission line for a band-stop filter, the band-stop filter including a housing that defines an internal cavity, a signal input port and a signal output port that are disposed on the housing, and a resonating element and a transmission line that are disposed in the internal cavity, wherein the transmission line is coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port and includes a coupling section that is configured to be substantially parallel to a bottom wall of the housing, substantially annular, and to completely surround a side of the resonating element, and to not directly contact the housing and the resonating element, such that the transmission line is coupled to the resonating element through the coupling section. 18. The transmission line according to claim 17, wherein the transmission line further comprises a first connecting section and a second connecting section,
the coupling section is connected to the first connecting section through a first joint and coupled to the signal input port via the first connecting section; the coupling section is connected to the second connecting section through a second joint and coupled to the signal output port via the second connecting section, wherein the first joint and the second joint are positioned at different locations on an outer circumference of the substantially annular coupling section. 19-25. (canceled) 26. A band-stop filter comprising:
a housing defining an internal cavity; a signal input port on the housing; a signal output port on the housing; a resonating element in the internal cavity; and a transmission line in the internal cavity and coupled between the signal input port and the signal output port, the transmission line including a coupling section and being coupled to the resonating element through the coupling section, wherein the coupling section includes a first portion that partially surrounds the resonating element on a first side thereof and a second portion that partially surrounds the resonating element on a second side thereof that is opposite the first side, and a first end of the first portion and a first end of the second portion are connected by a first joint. 27. The band-stop filter according to claim 26, wherein a second end of the first portion and a second end of the second portion are connected by a second joint. 28. The band-stop filter according to claim 27, wherein the transmission line further includes a first connecting section and a second connecting section,
the coupling section is connected to the first connecting section through the first joint and coupled to the signal input port via the first connecting section; the coupling section is connected to the second connecting section through the second joint and coupled to the signal output port via the second connecting section. 29. The band-stop filter according to claim 28, wherein the length of the first portion is different than that of the second portion. 30-32. (canceled) | 3,600 |
345,638 | 16,643,515 | 3,641 | A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus. The drive conveying sub-apparatus comprises a first movable supporting film (81), a second movable supporting film (82), a first fixed supporting film (71), and a drive conveying mechanism. The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film (71). The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are both slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) to move up and down and move forward and backward. The first movable supporting film (81), the second movable supporting film (82), and the first fixed supporting film (71) are all provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of an object to be conveyed. The conveying apparatus can quickly and accurately convey the object to a next station. | 1. A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus;
wherein the drive conveying sub-apparatus includes a first movable supporting film, a second movable supporting film, a first fixed supporting film and a drive conveying mechanism; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film; the first movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film and the first fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with a size of an object to be conveyed; spaces between the grooves on the first movable supporting film and the grooves on the second movable supporting film are smaller than a length of the object; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film is slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film to move, so as to drive the object to move in a direction perpendicular to the first fixed supporting film, and drive the object to move in a direction parallel to the first fixed supporting film. 2. The conveying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive conveying mechanism includes a first linear sliding table, a first lifting push block, a first lifting wedge block and a first translation slide base;
wherein the first translation slide base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film, and one side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the second movable supporting film; the bottom of the first translation slide base is in contact with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the first lifting wedge block is provided opposite to a side surface of the first lifting push block; and the first lifting push block is located below the first translation slide base, and the bottom of the first lifting push block is fixed on a slider block of the first linear sliding table. 3. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a second linear sliding table and a translation push base;
wherein the translation push base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film; one side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the second movable supporting film; and the bottom of the translation push base is fixed on a slider block of the second linear sliding table. 4. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a driven conveying sub-apparatus including a third movable supporting film, a fourth movable supporting film, a second fixed supporting film and a driven conveying mechanism;
wherein the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the second fixed supporting film; the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are slidably connected with the driven conveying mechanism, so that the driven conveying mechanism drives the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film to move up and down; the driven conveying mechanism is connected with the first lifting push block, the first movable supporting film is connected with the third movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film is connected with the fourth movable supporting film, and the first fixed supporting film is connected with the second fixed supporting film; and the third movable supporting film, the fourth movable supporting film and the second fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of the object. 5. The conveying apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driven conveying mechanism includes a second lifting push block, a second lifting wedge block and a second translation slide base;
wherein the second translation slide base are located below the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film, and one side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the third movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the fourth movable supporting film; the bottom of the second translation slide base is connected with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the second lifting wedge block is provided opposite to one side surface of the second lifting push block; the second lifting push block is located below the second translation slide base, and the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with a side of the first lifting push block through a connecting rod; and a gradient of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a gradient of the slope of the first lifting wedge block, and a height of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a height of the slope of the first lifting wedge block. 6. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first guide rail mounting base provided between the first lifting wedge block and the first translation slide base; a bottom of the first guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the first guide rail mounting base is respectively connected with a first linear guide rail vertically provided; a second linear guide rail is provided at the top of the first guide rail mounting base, and the second linear guide rail is connected with the bottom of the first translation slide base. 7. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first roller provided at the top of the first lifting push block; and
the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second roller provided at the top of the second lifting push block. 8. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second guide rail mounting base provided between the second lifting wedge block and the second translation slide base; the bottom of the second guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the second guide rail mounting base are respectively connected with a third linear guide rail vertically provided; a fourth linear guide rail is provided at a top of the second guide rail mounting base, and the fourth linear guide rail is connected with the second translation slide base. 9. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a third guide rail mounting base provided below the second lifting push block, and a fifth linear guide rail is provided at the top of the third guide rail mounting base; and the fifth linear guide rail is connected with the second lifting push block. 10. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with the connecting rod through a floating joint. | A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus. The drive conveying sub-apparatus comprises a first movable supporting film (81), a second movable supporting film (82), a first fixed supporting film (71), and a drive conveying mechanism. The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film (71). The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are both slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) to move up and down and move forward and backward. The first movable supporting film (81), the second movable supporting film (82), and the first fixed supporting film (71) are all provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of an object to be conveyed. The conveying apparatus can quickly and accurately convey the object to a next station.1. A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus;
wherein the drive conveying sub-apparatus includes a first movable supporting film, a second movable supporting film, a first fixed supporting film and a drive conveying mechanism; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film; the first movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film and the first fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with a size of an object to be conveyed; spaces between the grooves on the first movable supporting film and the grooves on the second movable supporting film are smaller than a length of the object; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film is slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film to move, so as to drive the object to move in a direction perpendicular to the first fixed supporting film, and drive the object to move in a direction parallel to the first fixed supporting film. 2. The conveying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive conveying mechanism includes a first linear sliding table, a first lifting push block, a first lifting wedge block and a first translation slide base;
wherein the first translation slide base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film, and one side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the second movable supporting film; the bottom of the first translation slide base is in contact with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the first lifting wedge block is provided opposite to a side surface of the first lifting push block; and the first lifting push block is located below the first translation slide base, and the bottom of the first lifting push block is fixed on a slider block of the first linear sliding table. 3. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a second linear sliding table and a translation push base;
wherein the translation push base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film; one side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the second movable supporting film; and the bottom of the translation push base is fixed on a slider block of the second linear sliding table. 4. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a driven conveying sub-apparatus including a third movable supporting film, a fourth movable supporting film, a second fixed supporting film and a driven conveying mechanism;
wherein the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the second fixed supporting film; the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are slidably connected with the driven conveying mechanism, so that the driven conveying mechanism drives the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film to move up and down; the driven conveying mechanism is connected with the first lifting push block, the first movable supporting film is connected with the third movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film is connected with the fourth movable supporting film, and the first fixed supporting film is connected with the second fixed supporting film; and the third movable supporting film, the fourth movable supporting film and the second fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of the object. 5. The conveying apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driven conveying mechanism includes a second lifting push block, a second lifting wedge block and a second translation slide base;
wherein the second translation slide base are located below the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film, and one side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the third movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the fourth movable supporting film; the bottom of the second translation slide base is connected with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the second lifting wedge block is provided opposite to one side surface of the second lifting push block; the second lifting push block is located below the second translation slide base, and the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with a side of the first lifting push block through a connecting rod; and a gradient of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a gradient of the slope of the first lifting wedge block, and a height of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a height of the slope of the first lifting wedge block. 6. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first guide rail mounting base provided between the first lifting wedge block and the first translation slide base; a bottom of the first guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the first guide rail mounting base is respectively connected with a first linear guide rail vertically provided; a second linear guide rail is provided at the top of the first guide rail mounting base, and the second linear guide rail is connected with the bottom of the first translation slide base. 7. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first roller provided at the top of the first lifting push block; and
the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second roller provided at the top of the second lifting push block. 8. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second guide rail mounting base provided between the second lifting wedge block and the second translation slide base; the bottom of the second guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the second guide rail mounting base are respectively connected with a third linear guide rail vertically provided; a fourth linear guide rail is provided at a top of the second guide rail mounting base, and the fourth linear guide rail is connected with the second translation slide base. 9. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a third guide rail mounting base provided below the second lifting push block, and a fifth linear guide rail is provided at the top of the third guide rail mounting base; and the fifth linear guide rail is connected with the second lifting push block. 10. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with the connecting rod through a floating joint. | 3,600 |
345,639 | 16,804,035 | 3,641 | A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus. The drive conveying sub-apparatus comprises a first movable supporting film (81), a second movable supporting film (82), a first fixed supporting film (71), and a drive conveying mechanism. The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film (71). The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are both slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) to move up and down and move forward and backward. The first movable supporting film (81), the second movable supporting film (82), and the first fixed supporting film (71) are all provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of an object to be conveyed. The conveying apparatus can quickly and accurately convey the object to a next station. | 1. A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus;
wherein the drive conveying sub-apparatus includes a first movable supporting film, a second movable supporting film, a first fixed supporting film and a drive conveying mechanism; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film; the first movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film and the first fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with a size of an object to be conveyed; spaces between the grooves on the first movable supporting film and the grooves on the second movable supporting film are smaller than a length of the object; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film is slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film to move, so as to drive the object to move in a direction perpendicular to the first fixed supporting film, and drive the object to move in a direction parallel to the first fixed supporting film. 2. The conveying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive conveying mechanism includes a first linear sliding table, a first lifting push block, a first lifting wedge block and a first translation slide base;
wherein the first translation slide base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film, and one side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the second movable supporting film; the bottom of the first translation slide base is in contact with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the first lifting wedge block is provided opposite to a side surface of the first lifting push block; and the first lifting push block is located below the first translation slide base, and the bottom of the first lifting push block is fixed on a slider block of the first linear sliding table. 3. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a second linear sliding table and a translation push base;
wherein the translation push base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film; one side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the second movable supporting film; and the bottom of the translation push base is fixed on a slider block of the second linear sliding table. 4. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a driven conveying sub-apparatus including a third movable supporting film, a fourth movable supporting film, a second fixed supporting film and a driven conveying mechanism;
wherein the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the second fixed supporting film; the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are slidably connected with the driven conveying mechanism, so that the driven conveying mechanism drives the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film to move up and down; the driven conveying mechanism is connected with the first lifting push block, the first movable supporting film is connected with the third movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film is connected with the fourth movable supporting film, and the first fixed supporting film is connected with the second fixed supporting film; and the third movable supporting film, the fourth movable supporting film and the second fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of the object. 5. The conveying apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driven conveying mechanism includes a second lifting push block, a second lifting wedge block and a second translation slide base;
wherein the second translation slide base are located below the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film, and one side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the third movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the fourth movable supporting film; the bottom of the second translation slide base is connected with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the second lifting wedge block is provided opposite to one side surface of the second lifting push block; the second lifting push block is located below the second translation slide base, and the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with a side of the first lifting push block through a connecting rod; and a gradient of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a gradient of the slope of the first lifting wedge block, and a height of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a height of the slope of the first lifting wedge block. 6. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first guide rail mounting base provided between the first lifting wedge block and the first translation slide base; a bottom of the first guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the first guide rail mounting base is respectively connected with a first linear guide rail vertically provided; a second linear guide rail is provided at the top of the first guide rail mounting base, and the second linear guide rail is connected with the bottom of the first translation slide base. 7. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first roller provided at the top of the first lifting push block; and
the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second roller provided at the top of the second lifting push block. 8. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second guide rail mounting base provided between the second lifting wedge block and the second translation slide base; the bottom of the second guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the second guide rail mounting base are respectively connected with a third linear guide rail vertically provided; a fourth linear guide rail is provided at a top of the second guide rail mounting base, and the fourth linear guide rail is connected with the second translation slide base. 9. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a third guide rail mounting base provided below the second lifting push block, and a fifth linear guide rail is provided at the top of the third guide rail mounting base; and the fifth linear guide rail is connected with the second lifting push block. 10. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with the connecting rod through a floating joint. | A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus. The drive conveying sub-apparatus comprises a first movable supporting film (81), a second movable supporting film (82), a first fixed supporting film (71), and a drive conveying mechanism. The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film (71). The first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) are both slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film (81) and the second movable supporting film (82) to move up and down and move forward and backward. The first movable supporting film (81), the second movable supporting film (82), and the first fixed supporting film (71) are all provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of an object to be conveyed. The conveying apparatus can quickly and accurately convey the object to a next station.1. A conveying apparatus, comprising a drive conveying sub-apparatus;
wherein the drive conveying sub-apparatus includes a first movable supporting film, a second movable supporting film, a first fixed supporting film and a drive conveying mechanism; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the first fixed supporting film; the first movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film and the first fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with a size of an object to be conveyed; spaces between the grooves on the first movable supporting film and the grooves on the second movable supporting film are smaller than a length of the object; the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film is slidably connected with the drive conveying mechanism, so that the drive conveying mechanism drives the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film to move, so as to drive the object to move in a direction perpendicular to the first fixed supporting film, and drive the object to move in a direction parallel to the first fixed supporting film. 2. The conveying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive conveying mechanism includes a first linear sliding table, a first lifting push block, a first lifting wedge block and a first translation slide base;
wherein the first translation slide base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film, and one side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the first translation slide base is fixedly connected with the second movable supporting film; the bottom of the first translation slide base is in contact with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the first lifting wedge block is provided opposite to a side surface of the first lifting push block; and the first lifting push block is located below the first translation slide base, and the bottom of the first lifting push block is fixed on a slider block of the first linear sliding table. 3. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a second linear sliding table and a translation push base;
wherein the translation push base is located below the first movable supporting film and the second movable supporting film; one side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the first movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the translation push base is slidably connected with the second movable supporting film; and the bottom of the translation push base is fixed on a slider block of the second linear sliding table. 4. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a driven conveying sub-apparatus including a third movable supporting film, a fourth movable supporting film, a second fixed supporting film and a driven conveying mechanism;
wherein the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are respectively located at both sides of the second fixed supporting film; the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film are slidably connected with the driven conveying mechanism, so that the driven conveying mechanism drives the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film to move up and down; the driven conveying mechanism is connected with the first lifting push block, the first movable supporting film is connected with the third movable supporting film, the second movable supporting film is connected with the fourth movable supporting film, and the first fixed supporting film is connected with the second fixed supporting film; and the third movable supporting film, the fourth movable supporting film and the second fixed supporting film are provided with grooves having sizes matched with the size of the object. 5. The conveying apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driven conveying mechanism includes a second lifting push block, a second lifting wedge block and a second translation slide base;
wherein the second translation slide base are located below the third movable supporting film and the fourth movable supporting film, and one side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the third movable supporting film, and the opposite side of the second translation slide base is fixedly connected with the fourth movable supporting film; the bottom of the second translation slide base is connected with a plane in which a longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located, and a slope of the second lifting wedge block is provided opposite to one side surface of the second lifting push block; the second lifting push block is located below the second translation slide base, and the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with a side of the first lifting push block through a connecting rod; and a gradient of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a gradient of the slope of the first lifting wedge block, and a height of the slope of the second lifting wedge block is consistent with a height of the slope of the first lifting wedge block. 6. The conveying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first guide rail mounting base provided between the first lifting wedge block and the first translation slide base; a bottom of the first guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the first lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the first guide rail mounting base is respectively connected with a first linear guide rail vertically provided; a second linear guide rail is provided at the top of the first guide rail mounting base, and the second linear guide rail is connected with the bottom of the first translation slide base. 7. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the drive conveying mechanism further includes a first roller provided at the top of the first lifting push block; and
the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second roller provided at the top of the second lifting push block. 8. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a second guide rail mounting base provided between the second lifting wedge block and the second translation slide base; the bottom of the second guide rail mounting base is in contact with the plane in which the longer straight edge of the second lifting wedge block is located; and
both ends of the second guide rail mounting base are respectively connected with a third linear guide rail vertically provided; a fourth linear guide rail is provided at a top of the second guide rail mounting base, and the fourth linear guide rail is connected with the second translation slide base. 9. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the driven conveying mechanism further includes a third guide rail mounting base provided below the second lifting push block, and a fifth linear guide rail is provided at the top of the third guide rail mounting base; and the fifth linear guide rail is connected with the second lifting push block. 10. The conveying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the opposite side surface of the second lifting push block is connected with the connecting rod through a floating joint. | 3,600 |
345,640 | 16,804,032 | 3,641 | A power transmission device has a back torque transmission cam that brings driving clutch plates 6 and driven clutch plates 7 into press contact with each other. A second clutch member 4 b is moved when a rotational force is input to a first clutch member 4 a via the output shaft 3. The pressure member 5 is located at a non-actuation position. A torque transmission portion transmits a rotational force transmitted to the second clutch member 4 b to the first clutch member 4 a not via the back torque transmission cam. | 1. A power transmission device comprising:
a clutch housing rotatable with an input member, the input member rotatable by a drive force of an engine of a vehicle, a plurality of driving clutch plates attached to the clutch housing; a clutch member coupled to an output member that can rotate a wheel of the vehicle, a plurality of driven clutch plates alternating with the driving clutch plates of the clutch housing, the driven clutch plates attached to the clutch member; a pressure member movable between an actuation position and a non-actuation position, in the actuation position the drive force of the engine can be transmitted to the wheel with the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates brought into press contact with each other, in the non-actuation position, transmission of the drive force of the engine to the wheel can be blocked by releasing a press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates; a weight member disposed in a groove portion in the clutch housing, the groove portion extends in a radial direction, the weight member is movable by a centrifugal force, due to rotation of the clutch housing, from a radially inner position to a radially outer position of the groove portion; and an interlocking member moves the pressure member from the non-actuation position to the actuation position as the weight member is moved from the radially inner position to the radially outer position, the clutch member includes
a first clutch member coupled to the output member,
a second clutch member attached to the driven clutch plates, and
a back torque transmission cam bringing the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates into press contact with each other by moving the second clutch member when the pressure member is located at the non-actuation position and a rotational force is input to the first clutch member via the output member, and
a torque transmission portion formed on each of the first clutch member and the second clutch member to transmit a rotational force transmitted to the second clutch member to the first clutch member not via the back torque transmission cam. 2. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a movement amount restriction portion formed on each of the first clutch member and the second clutch member to restrict an amount of movement of the second clutch member due to the back torque transmission cam. 3. The power transmission device according to claim 2, wherein a projection is formed on one of the first clutch member and the second clutch member, the torque transmission portion is formed from one side surface of the projection, a first abutment surface abuts against the one side surface and receive a rotational force, the movement amount restriction portion is formed from an other side surface of the projection and a second abutment surface abuts against the other side surface and restricts an amount of movement. 4. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a press-contact assist cam including a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the press-contact assist cam increasing the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when a rotational force input to the input member can be transmitted to the output member. 5. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a back torque limiter cam including a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the back torque limiter cam releasing the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when the clutch member and the pressure member are rotated relative to each other with rotation of the output member exceeding a rotational speed of the input member, and the back torque transmission cam configured to be actuated before actuation of the back torque limiter cam. | A power transmission device has a back torque transmission cam that brings driving clutch plates 6 and driven clutch plates 7 into press contact with each other. A second clutch member 4 b is moved when a rotational force is input to a first clutch member 4 a via the output shaft 3. The pressure member 5 is located at a non-actuation position. A torque transmission portion transmits a rotational force transmitted to the second clutch member 4 b to the first clutch member 4 a not via the back torque transmission cam.1. A power transmission device comprising:
a clutch housing rotatable with an input member, the input member rotatable by a drive force of an engine of a vehicle, a plurality of driving clutch plates attached to the clutch housing; a clutch member coupled to an output member that can rotate a wheel of the vehicle, a plurality of driven clutch plates alternating with the driving clutch plates of the clutch housing, the driven clutch plates attached to the clutch member; a pressure member movable between an actuation position and a non-actuation position, in the actuation position the drive force of the engine can be transmitted to the wheel with the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates brought into press contact with each other, in the non-actuation position, transmission of the drive force of the engine to the wheel can be blocked by releasing a press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates; a weight member disposed in a groove portion in the clutch housing, the groove portion extends in a radial direction, the weight member is movable by a centrifugal force, due to rotation of the clutch housing, from a radially inner position to a radially outer position of the groove portion; and an interlocking member moves the pressure member from the non-actuation position to the actuation position as the weight member is moved from the radially inner position to the radially outer position, the clutch member includes
a first clutch member coupled to the output member,
a second clutch member attached to the driven clutch plates, and
a back torque transmission cam bringing the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates into press contact with each other by moving the second clutch member when the pressure member is located at the non-actuation position and a rotational force is input to the first clutch member via the output member, and
a torque transmission portion formed on each of the first clutch member and the second clutch member to transmit a rotational force transmitted to the second clutch member to the first clutch member not via the back torque transmission cam. 2. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a movement amount restriction portion formed on each of the first clutch member and the second clutch member to restrict an amount of movement of the second clutch member due to the back torque transmission cam. 3. The power transmission device according to claim 2, wherein a projection is formed on one of the first clutch member and the second clutch member, the torque transmission portion is formed from one side surface of the projection, a first abutment surface abuts against the one side surface and receive a rotational force, the movement amount restriction portion is formed from an other side surface of the projection and a second abutment surface abuts against the other side surface and restricts an amount of movement. 4. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a press-contact assist cam including a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the press-contact assist cam increasing the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when a rotational force input to the input member can be transmitted to the output member. 5. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a back torque limiter cam including a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the back torque limiter cam releasing the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when the clutch member and the pressure member are rotated relative to each other with rotation of the output member exceeding a rotational speed of the input member, and the back torque transmission cam configured to be actuated before actuation of the back torque limiter cam. | 3,600 |
345,641 | 16,804,071 | 3,725 | A method for preparing an ultrafine-grained superalloy bar, the method including: 1) designing a rolling machine including two rollers and two guide plates, where each of the two rollers includes a first roller and a second roller; the first roller includes a first curve and the second roller includes a second curve; the first curve and the second curve form a generatrix of the two rollers; 2) disposing the two guide plates with two curved surfaces thereof opposite to each other; disposing the two rollers to be between the two guide plates; where the two rollers and the two guide plates form a deformation zone of the rolling machine; and 3) driving the two rollers to rotate around their central axes, heating and introducing a superalloy blank from a gap between two first rollers to the deformation zone of the rolling machine; advancing the superalloy blank towards two second rollers. | 1. A method, comprising:
1) designing a rolling machine comprising two rollers and two guide plates, wherein each of the two rollers is in the shape of a quasi-circular truncated cone and comprises a first roller and a second roller; each first roller comprises a first curve and the second roller comprises a second curve; the first curve and the second curve form a generatrix of each of the two rollers, and the generatrix is a working surface of the rolling machine; the two guide plates each comprises a curved surface; 2) disposing the two guide plates with two curved surfaces thereof opposite to each other; disposing the two rollers to be between the two guide plates; wherein the two rollers and the two guide plates form a deformation zone of the rolling machine; a ratio of a maximum distance between two working surfaces of the two guide plates and a distance between two working surfaces of the two rollers in a cross section of the deformation zone is an ovality of the deformation zone; the ovality of the deformation zone is constant, and the cross section refers to a surface perpendicular to an axis of the superalloy blank; 3) selecting a superalloy blank having a diameter of 60-500 mm and a length of 300-15000 mm; and 4) driving the two rollers to rotate around their central axes, heating the superalloy blank and introducing the heated superalloy blank from a gap between two first rollers of the rolling machine to the deformation zone of the rolling machine; advancing the superalloy blank in a spiral manner in the deformation zone and outputting the superalloy blank being processed in the deformation zone from the second roller; and cooling the superalloy blank. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a connection line of two end points of the first curve is a first median; a connection line of two end points of the second curve is a second median; a maximum distance between a point on the first curve and the first median is not more than 5 mm, and a maximum distance between a point on the second curve and the second median is not more than 2.5 mm; and an included angle between the first median and the second median is 4-7 degrees. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the deformation zone comprises a first zone and a second zone; the first curve rotates around an axis of the first roller in the first zone to roll the superalloy blank; the second curve rotates around an axis of the second roller in the second zone to round the superalloy blank; a length of the first zone is 0.7-0.8 times a maximum diameter of the first roller; a length of the second zone is 0.3-0.4 times a minimum diameter of the second roller; the length of the first zone refers to a distance of projection of the first median on the axis of the first roller, and the length of the second zone refers to a distance of projection of the second median on the axis of the second roller. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first roller is a quasi-circular truncated cone, and a maximum diameter of the first roller is 3-6 times the diameter of the superalloy blank; the second roller is a quasi-circular truncated cone, and a minimum diameter of the second roller is 2.5-4 times the diameter of the superalloy blank. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the ovality of any cross section in the deformation zone is constant and is 1.06-1.08. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein
the superalloy blank is heated to 940-1140 degrees Celsius in a heating furnace, and a heating time T is Db×(0.6-0.8) min, where Db is a diameter of the superalloy blank; the rolling machine comprises a cone angle between the first median and the axis of the superalloy blank, a feeding angle referring to a projection of an included angle between the axis of one of the two rollers and the axis of the superalloy blank along a connection line of rotation centers of the two rollers, and a cross angle referring to a projection of an included angle between the axis of one of the two rollers and the axis of the superalloy blank on a plane formed by a connection line of rotation centers of the two rollers and the axis of the superalloy blank; the rotation centers refer to a circle center of a minimum diameter of the first roller; in the deformation zone, an inclination of the cone angle of the first roller is 7-8 degrees, the feeding angle is 19-21 degrees, the cross angle is 22-24 degrees, a rotational speed of the rolling machine is 31-58 rpm, and a diameter reduction ratio of the superalloy blank is 42-59%; and the superalloy blank is cooled to room temperature in air or in water. | A method for preparing an ultrafine-grained superalloy bar, the method including: 1) designing a rolling machine including two rollers and two guide plates, where each of the two rollers includes a first roller and a second roller; the first roller includes a first curve and the second roller includes a second curve; the first curve and the second curve form a generatrix of the two rollers; 2) disposing the two guide plates with two curved surfaces thereof opposite to each other; disposing the two rollers to be between the two guide plates; where the two rollers and the two guide plates form a deformation zone of the rolling machine; and 3) driving the two rollers to rotate around their central axes, heating and introducing a superalloy blank from a gap between two first rollers to the deformation zone of the rolling machine; advancing the superalloy blank towards two second rollers.1. A method, comprising:
1) designing a rolling machine comprising two rollers and two guide plates, wherein each of the two rollers is in the shape of a quasi-circular truncated cone and comprises a first roller and a second roller; each first roller comprises a first curve and the second roller comprises a second curve; the first curve and the second curve form a generatrix of each of the two rollers, and the generatrix is a working surface of the rolling machine; the two guide plates each comprises a curved surface; 2) disposing the two guide plates with two curved surfaces thereof opposite to each other; disposing the two rollers to be between the two guide plates; wherein the two rollers and the two guide plates form a deformation zone of the rolling machine; a ratio of a maximum distance between two working surfaces of the two guide plates and a distance between two working surfaces of the two rollers in a cross section of the deformation zone is an ovality of the deformation zone; the ovality of the deformation zone is constant, and the cross section refers to a surface perpendicular to an axis of the superalloy blank; 3) selecting a superalloy blank having a diameter of 60-500 mm and a length of 300-15000 mm; and 4) driving the two rollers to rotate around their central axes, heating the superalloy blank and introducing the heated superalloy blank from a gap between two first rollers of the rolling machine to the deformation zone of the rolling machine; advancing the superalloy blank in a spiral manner in the deformation zone and outputting the superalloy blank being processed in the deformation zone from the second roller; and cooling the superalloy blank. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a connection line of two end points of the first curve is a first median; a connection line of two end points of the second curve is a second median; a maximum distance between a point on the first curve and the first median is not more than 5 mm, and a maximum distance between a point on the second curve and the second median is not more than 2.5 mm; and an included angle between the first median and the second median is 4-7 degrees. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the deformation zone comprises a first zone and a second zone; the first curve rotates around an axis of the first roller in the first zone to roll the superalloy blank; the second curve rotates around an axis of the second roller in the second zone to round the superalloy blank; a length of the first zone is 0.7-0.8 times a maximum diameter of the first roller; a length of the second zone is 0.3-0.4 times a minimum diameter of the second roller; the length of the first zone refers to a distance of projection of the first median on the axis of the first roller, and the length of the second zone refers to a distance of projection of the second median on the axis of the second roller. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first roller is a quasi-circular truncated cone, and a maximum diameter of the first roller is 3-6 times the diameter of the superalloy blank; the second roller is a quasi-circular truncated cone, and a minimum diameter of the second roller is 2.5-4 times the diameter of the superalloy blank. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the ovality of any cross section in the deformation zone is constant and is 1.06-1.08. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein
the superalloy blank is heated to 940-1140 degrees Celsius in a heating furnace, and a heating time T is Db×(0.6-0.8) min, where Db is a diameter of the superalloy blank; the rolling machine comprises a cone angle between the first median and the axis of the superalloy blank, a feeding angle referring to a projection of an included angle between the axis of one of the two rollers and the axis of the superalloy blank along a connection line of rotation centers of the two rollers, and a cross angle referring to a projection of an included angle between the axis of one of the two rollers and the axis of the superalloy blank on a plane formed by a connection line of rotation centers of the two rollers and the axis of the superalloy blank; the rotation centers refer to a circle center of a minimum diameter of the first roller; in the deformation zone, an inclination of the cone angle of the first roller is 7-8 degrees, the feeding angle is 19-21 degrees, the cross angle is 22-24 degrees, a rotational speed of the rolling machine is 31-58 rpm, and a diameter reduction ratio of the superalloy blank is 42-59%; and the superalloy blank is cooled to room temperature in air or in water. | 3,700 |
345,642 | 16,804,060 | 3,725 | Methods and compositions for the detection and quantification of nucleic acids are provided. In certain embodiments, methods involve the use of primers or probes that comprise a non-natural nucleotide linked to a reporter. Target nucleic acids are detected by the polymerization of a complementary probe or primer that incorporated a cognate non-natural nucleotide linked to a quencher. | 1-27. (canceled) 28. A composition comprising a first set of probes, said set of probes comprising an upstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) at least one non-natural nucleotide labeled with a first member of a reporter-quencher pair; (ii) a tag sequence; and (iii) a sequence complimentary to a first region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid; and a downstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) a mirrored tag sequence having the same sequence as the tag sequence of the upstream probe; and (ii) a sequence complimentary to a second region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid downstream of the first region, wherein the upstream probe comprises a 3′ sequence of 3 or more bases complementary to the downstream probe such that when hybridized to the target nucleic acid the set of probes form a T-junction. 29. The composition of claim 28, further comprising a second set of probes comprising an upstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) at least one non-natural nucleotide labeled with a first member of a reporter-quencher pair; (ii) a tag sequence; and (iii) a sequence complimentary to a first region on a first strand of a second target nucleic acid; and a downstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) a mirrored tag sequence having the same sequence as the tag sequence of the upstream probe; and (ii) a sequence complimentary to a second region on a first strand of the second target nucleic acid downstream of the first region, wherein the upstream probe comprises a 3′ sequence of 3 or more bases complementary to the downstream probe such that when hybridized to the target nucleic acid the set of probes form a T-junction. 30. The composition of claim 29, wherein the first and second set of probes comprise distinguishable labels or form hairpin probes having distinguishable melt points. 31. The composition of claim 29, comprising at least four sets of probes. 32. The composition of claim 28, further comprising a reporter-labeled or quencher-labeled non-natural nucleotide. 33. The composition of claim 28, further comprising a polymerase, a reference probe or free nucleotides. 34. A kit comprising:
(a) a first set of probes, said set of probes comprising an upstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) at least one non-natural nucleotide labeled with a first member of a reporter-quencher pair; (ii) a tag sequence; and (iii) a sequence complimentary to a first region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid; and a downstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) a mirrored tag sequence having the same sequence as the tag sequence of the upstream probe; and (ii) a sequence complimentary to a second region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid downstream of the first region, wherein the upstream probe comprises a 3′ sequence of 3 or more bases complementary to the downstream probe such that when hybridized to the target nucleic acid the set of probes form a T-junction; and (b) a reporter-labeled or quencher-labeled non-natural nucleotide. 35. The kit of claim 34, comprising at least four sets of probes. 36. The kit of claim 35, wherein the sets of probes comprise distinguishable labels or form hairpin probes having distinguishable melt points. 37. The kit of claim 34, further comprising a polymerase, a reference probe, free nucleotides, a reference sample or instructions for use of the kit. 38-270. (canceled) | Methods and compositions for the detection and quantification of nucleic acids are provided. In certain embodiments, methods involve the use of primers or probes that comprise a non-natural nucleotide linked to a reporter. Target nucleic acids are detected by the polymerization of a complementary probe or primer that incorporated a cognate non-natural nucleotide linked to a quencher.1-27. (canceled) 28. A composition comprising a first set of probes, said set of probes comprising an upstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) at least one non-natural nucleotide labeled with a first member of a reporter-quencher pair; (ii) a tag sequence; and (iii) a sequence complimentary to a first region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid; and a downstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) a mirrored tag sequence having the same sequence as the tag sequence of the upstream probe; and (ii) a sequence complimentary to a second region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid downstream of the first region, wherein the upstream probe comprises a 3′ sequence of 3 or more bases complementary to the downstream probe such that when hybridized to the target nucleic acid the set of probes form a T-junction. 29. The composition of claim 28, further comprising a second set of probes comprising an upstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) at least one non-natural nucleotide labeled with a first member of a reporter-quencher pair; (ii) a tag sequence; and (iii) a sequence complimentary to a first region on a first strand of a second target nucleic acid; and a downstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) a mirrored tag sequence having the same sequence as the tag sequence of the upstream probe; and (ii) a sequence complimentary to a second region on a first strand of the second target nucleic acid downstream of the first region, wherein the upstream probe comprises a 3′ sequence of 3 or more bases complementary to the downstream probe such that when hybridized to the target nucleic acid the set of probes form a T-junction. 30. The composition of claim 29, wherein the first and second set of probes comprise distinguishable labels or form hairpin probes having distinguishable melt points. 31. The composition of claim 29, comprising at least four sets of probes. 32. The composition of claim 28, further comprising a reporter-labeled or quencher-labeled non-natural nucleotide. 33. The composition of claim 28, further comprising a polymerase, a reference probe or free nucleotides. 34. A kit comprising:
(a) a first set of probes, said set of probes comprising an upstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) at least one non-natural nucleotide labeled with a first member of a reporter-quencher pair; (ii) a tag sequence; and (iii) a sequence complimentary to a first region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid; and a downstream probe comprising, from 5′ to 3′, (i) a mirrored tag sequence having the same sequence as the tag sequence of the upstream probe; and (ii) a sequence complimentary to a second region on a first strand of the target nucleic acid downstream of the first region, wherein the upstream probe comprises a 3′ sequence of 3 or more bases complementary to the downstream probe such that when hybridized to the target nucleic acid the set of probes form a T-junction; and (b) a reporter-labeled or quencher-labeled non-natural nucleotide. 35. The kit of claim 34, comprising at least four sets of probes. 36. The kit of claim 35, wherein the sets of probes comprise distinguishable labels or form hairpin probes having distinguishable melt points. 37. The kit of claim 34, further comprising a polymerase, a reference probe, free nucleotides, a reference sample or instructions for use of the kit. 38-270. (canceled) | 3,700 |
345,643 | 16,804,061 | 3,725 | Aspects of the disclosure provide for a method. In some examples, the method includes detecting a transition in an input signal (IN), generating a bias current based on the detected transition in IN, and modifying a charge status of a capacitor based on the charge current. The method further includes generating an output signal (OUT) based on the charge status of the capacitor, disabling the bias current generation based on values of IN and OUT, and strongly pulling the capacitor up or down based on the disabling the bias current generation. | 1. A circuit, comprising:
a signal detection circuit having a first input configured to receive an input signal (IN), a second input configured to receive an output signal (OUT), and an output; a first n-type field effect transistor (FET)(nFET) having a gate terminal coupled to the output of the signal detection circuit, a drain terminal, and a source terminal coupled to a first node; a resistor coupled between the drain terminal of the first nFET and a second node; a first current mirror coupled between the first node and a third node; a second current mirror coupled between the second node and a fourth node; a first p-type FET (pFET) having a gate terminal configured to receive IN, a source terminal coupled to the fourth node, and a drain terminal coupled to a fifth node; a second nFET having a gate terminal configured to receive IN, a source terminal coupled to the third node, and a drain terminal coupled to the fifth node; a capacitor coupled between the fifth node and a ground terminal; and a Schmitt trigger having an input coupled to the fifth node and an output coupled to a sixth node, wherein the Schmitt trigger is configured to provide OUT at the sixth node. 2. A method, comprising:
detecting a transition in an input signal (IN); generating a bias current based on the detected transition in IN; modifying a charge status of a capacitor based on the charge current; generating an output signal (OUT) based on the charge status of the capacitor; disabling the bias current generation based on values of IN and OUT; and strongly pulling the capacitor up or down based on the disabling the bias current generation. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein OUT is generated to have a same value as IN when the charge status of the capacitor causes a voltage of the capacitor to pass a threshold. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the bias current generation is disabled when OUT has a same value as IN. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein modifying the charge status of the capacitor based on the charge current comprises discharging the capacitor and a time to discharge the capacitor determines a delay between corresponding signal edges of IN and OUT. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein modifying the charge status of the capacitor based on the charge current comprises charging the capacitor and a time to charge the capacitor determines a delay between corresponding signal edges of IN and OUT. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein implementation of the method consumes no power when OUT has a same value as IN. | Aspects of the disclosure provide for a method. In some examples, the method includes detecting a transition in an input signal (IN), generating a bias current based on the detected transition in IN, and modifying a charge status of a capacitor based on the charge current. The method further includes generating an output signal (OUT) based on the charge status of the capacitor, disabling the bias current generation based on values of IN and OUT, and strongly pulling the capacitor up or down based on the disabling the bias current generation.1. A circuit, comprising:
a signal detection circuit having a first input configured to receive an input signal (IN), a second input configured to receive an output signal (OUT), and an output; a first n-type field effect transistor (FET)(nFET) having a gate terminal coupled to the output of the signal detection circuit, a drain terminal, and a source terminal coupled to a first node; a resistor coupled between the drain terminal of the first nFET and a second node; a first current mirror coupled between the first node and a third node; a second current mirror coupled between the second node and a fourth node; a first p-type FET (pFET) having a gate terminal configured to receive IN, a source terminal coupled to the fourth node, and a drain terminal coupled to a fifth node; a second nFET having a gate terminal configured to receive IN, a source terminal coupled to the third node, and a drain terminal coupled to the fifth node; a capacitor coupled between the fifth node and a ground terminal; and a Schmitt trigger having an input coupled to the fifth node and an output coupled to a sixth node, wherein the Schmitt trigger is configured to provide OUT at the sixth node. 2. A method, comprising:
detecting a transition in an input signal (IN); generating a bias current based on the detected transition in IN; modifying a charge status of a capacitor based on the charge current; generating an output signal (OUT) based on the charge status of the capacitor; disabling the bias current generation based on values of IN and OUT; and strongly pulling the capacitor up or down based on the disabling the bias current generation. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein OUT is generated to have a same value as IN when the charge status of the capacitor causes a voltage of the capacitor to pass a threshold. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the bias current generation is disabled when OUT has a same value as IN. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein modifying the charge status of the capacitor based on the charge current comprises discharging the capacitor and a time to discharge the capacitor determines a delay between corresponding signal edges of IN and OUT. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein modifying the charge status of the capacitor based on the charge current comprises charging the capacitor and a time to charge the capacitor determines a delay between corresponding signal edges of IN and OUT. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein implementation of the method consumes no power when OUT has a same value as IN. | 3,700 |
345,644 | 16,804,045 | 3,725 | Computer processing unit intra-frame clock and voltage scaling based on graphics application awareness is disclosed. The computer processing unit includes a processor configured to execute a graphics application to generate a graphics image for output to a display. The computer processing unit includes a power management circuit configured to perform clock and voltage scaling (CVS) (i.e., frequency and/or voltage scaling) for the processor. The power management circuit is configured to identify a graphics application dispatched to be executed or being executed by the processor and to set the operating point for the processor based on the identified graphics application. This may allow the processor to operate at a more optimal operating point for performance of graphics and non-graphics applications as opposed to operating each application at a lower operating point due to a graphics application that is more current intensive. | 1. A computer processing unit, comprising:
a processor configured to execute a plurality of instructions for an application based on a clock signal of an operating frequency and a power signal at an operating voltage; and a power management circuit configured to:
receive a command for the application dispatched for execution in the processor;
identify a type of application dispatched for execution in the processor based on the received command; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising a graphics application:
determine a first operating point for the processor based on the type of application comprising the graphics application; and
adjust an operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. 2. The computer processing unit of claim 1, wherein the power management circuit is further configured to, in response to the identified type of application comprising a non-graphics application:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 3. The computer processing unit of claim 2, wherein the first operating point is lower than the second operating point. 4. The computer processing unit of claim 2, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point. 5. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the second operating frequency is higher than the first operating frequency; the second operating voltage is higher than the first operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the second operating frequency in the determined second operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level. 6. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the second operating frequency is higher than the first operating frequency; and the second operating voltage is higher than the first operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating frequency of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 7. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 8. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point after adjusting the operating frequency of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level. 9. The computer processing unit of claim 1, wherein the power management circuit is configured to:
identify the type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass for the command dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass comprising a bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
determine the first operating point for the processor based on the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass; and
adjust the operating point of the processor based on the determined first operating point. 10. The computer processing unit of claim 9, wherein the power management circuit is further configured to, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a non-bin visibility pass:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 11. The computer processing unit of claim 9, wherein the power management circuit is configured to, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a rendering pass:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 12. The computer processing unit of claim 9, wherein the power management circuit is configured to, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a resolve pass:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 13. The computer processing unit of claim 10, wherein the first operating point is higher than the second operating point. 14. The computer processing unit of claim 10, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the non-bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point, 15. The computer processing unit of claim 14, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; and the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage. 16. The computer processing unit of claim 15, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 17. The computer processing unit of claim 15, wherein the power management circuit is configured to adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first initial operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first secondary operating voltage level in the determined first operating point. 18. The computer processing unit of claim 1 integrated into an integrated circuit (IC). 19. The computer processing unit of claim I integrated into a device selected from the group consisting of: a head-mounted device, a set top box; an entertainment unit; a navigation device; a communications device; a fixed location data unit; a mobile location data unit; a global positioning system (GPS) device; a mobile phone; a cellular phone; a smart phone; a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone; a tablet; a phablet; a server; a computer; a portable computer; a mobile computing device; a wearable computing device; a desktop computer; a personal digital assistant (PDA); a monitor; a computer monitor; a television; a tuner; a radio; a satellite radio; a music player; a digital music player; a portable music player; a digital video player; a video player; a digital video disc (DVD) player; a portable digital video player; an automobile; a vehicle component; avionics systems; a drone; and a multicopter. 20. A method of scaling clock frequency and operating voltage of a processor, comprising:
executing a plurality of instructions for an application based on a clock signal of an operating frequency and a power signal at an operating voltage; receiving a command for the application dispatched for execution in the processor; identifying a type of application for the command dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a graphics application:
determining a first operating point for the processor based on the type of application comprising the graphics application; and
adjusting an operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
issuing the command for the application dispatched for execution in the processor; and executing the application in the processor based on the clock signal of the operating frequency and the power signal at the operating voltage. 22. The method of claim 20, further comprising, in response to the identified type of application comprising a non-graphics application:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point. 24. The method of claim 20, comprising:
identifying the type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass for the command dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass comprising a bin visibility pass:
determining the first operating point for the processor based on the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass; and
adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. 25. The method of claim 24, comprising, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a rendering pass:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 26. The method of claim 24, comprising, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a resolve pass:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the non-bin visibility pass:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, comprising adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 29. The method of claim 27, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the non-bin visibility pass, comprising adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point after adjusting the operating frequency of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level. 30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions which, when executed, cause a processor to:
receive a plurality of instructions for an application dispatched for execution in the processor; and execute the plurality of instructions for the application based on a clock signal of an operating frequency and a power signal at an operating voltage; identify a type of application dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a graphics application:
determine a first operating point for the processor based on the type of application comprising the graphics application; and
adjust an operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. | Computer processing unit intra-frame clock and voltage scaling based on graphics application awareness is disclosed. The computer processing unit includes a processor configured to execute a graphics application to generate a graphics image for output to a display. The computer processing unit includes a power management circuit configured to perform clock and voltage scaling (CVS) (i.e., frequency and/or voltage scaling) for the processor. The power management circuit is configured to identify a graphics application dispatched to be executed or being executed by the processor and to set the operating point for the processor based on the identified graphics application. This may allow the processor to operate at a more optimal operating point for performance of graphics and non-graphics applications as opposed to operating each application at a lower operating point due to a graphics application that is more current intensive.1. A computer processing unit, comprising:
a processor configured to execute a plurality of instructions for an application based on a clock signal of an operating frequency and a power signal at an operating voltage; and a power management circuit configured to:
receive a command for the application dispatched for execution in the processor;
identify a type of application dispatched for execution in the processor based on the received command; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising a graphics application:
determine a first operating point for the processor based on the type of application comprising the graphics application; and
adjust an operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. 2. The computer processing unit of claim 1, wherein the power management circuit is further configured to, in response to the identified type of application comprising a non-graphics application:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 3. The computer processing unit of claim 2, wherein the first operating point is lower than the second operating point. 4. The computer processing unit of claim 2, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point. 5. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the second operating frequency is higher than the first operating frequency; the second operating voltage is higher than the first operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the second operating frequency in the determined second operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level. 6. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the second operating frequency is higher than the first operating frequency; and the second operating voltage is higher than the first operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating frequency of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 7. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 8. The computer processing unit of claim 4, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point after adjusting the operating frequency of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level. 9. The computer processing unit of claim 1, wherein the power management circuit is configured to:
identify the type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass for the command dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass comprising a bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
determine the first operating point for the processor based on the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass; and
adjust the operating point of the processor based on the determined first operating point. 10. The computer processing unit of claim 9, wherein the power management circuit is further configured to, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a non-bin visibility pass:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 11. The computer processing unit of claim 9, wherein the power management circuit is configured to, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a rendering pass:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 12. The computer processing unit of claim 9, wherein the power management circuit is configured to, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a resolve pass:
determine a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 13. The computer processing unit of claim 10, wherein the first operating point is higher than the second operating point. 14. The computer processing unit of claim 10, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the non-bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point, 15. The computer processing unit of claim 14, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; and the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage. 16. The computer processing unit of claim 15, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, the power management circuit is configured to:
adjust the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
adjust the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 17. The computer processing unit of claim 15, wherein the power management circuit is configured to adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point by being configured to:
adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first initial operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and adjust the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first secondary operating voltage level in the determined first operating point. 18. The computer processing unit of claim 1 integrated into an integrated circuit (IC). 19. The computer processing unit of claim I integrated into a device selected from the group consisting of: a head-mounted device, a set top box; an entertainment unit; a navigation device; a communications device; a fixed location data unit; a mobile location data unit; a global positioning system (GPS) device; a mobile phone; a cellular phone; a smart phone; a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone; a tablet; a phablet; a server; a computer; a portable computer; a mobile computing device; a wearable computing device; a desktop computer; a personal digital assistant (PDA); a monitor; a computer monitor; a television; a tuner; a radio; a satellite radio; a music player; a digital music player; a portable music player; a digital video player; a video player; a digital video disc (DVD) player; a portable digital video player; an automobile; a vehicle component; avionics systems; a drone; and a multicopter. 20. A method of scaling clock frequency and operating voltage of a processor, comprising:
executing a plurality of instructions for an application based on a clock signal of an operating frequency and a power signal at an operating voltage; receiving a command for the application dispatched for execution in the processor; identifying a type of application for the command dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a graphics application:
determining a first operating point for the processor based on the type of application comprising the graphics application; and
adjusting an operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
issuing the command for the application dispatched for execution in the processor; and executing the application in the processor based on the clock signal of the operating frequency and the power signal at the operating voltage. 22. The method of claim 20, further comprising, in response to the identified type of application comprising a non-graphics application:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the graphics application, adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the non-graphics application, adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point. 24. The method of claim 20, comprising:
identifying the type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass for the command dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a type of image rendering pass comprising a bin visibility pass:
determining the first operating point for the processor based on the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass; and
adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. 25. The method of claim 24, comprising, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a rendering pass:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 26. The method of claim 24, comprising, in response to the identified type of image rendering pass comprising a resolve pass:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein:
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a first operating frequency in the determined first operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the non-bin visibility pass:
determining a second operating point for the processor, the second operating point different than the first operating point; and adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on a second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on a second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the bin visibility pass, comprising adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level in the determined first operating point; and
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the first operating frequency in the determined first operating point after adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the first operating voltage level. 29. The method of claim 27, wherein:
the first operating frequency is higher than the second operating frequency; the first operating voltage is higher than the second operating voltage; and in response to the identified type of application comprising the type of image rendering pass comprising the non-bin visibility pass, comprising adjusting the operating point for the processor based on the determined second operating point comprising:
adjusting the operating frequency of the clock signal based on the second operating frequency in the determined second operating point; and
adjusting the operating voltage of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level in the determined second operating point after adjusting the operating frequency of the power signal based on the second operating voltage level. 30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions which, when executed, cause a processor to:
receive a plurality of instructions for an application dispatched for execution in the processor; and execute the plurality of instructions for the application based on a clock signal of an operating frequency and a power signal at an operating voltage; identify a type of application dispatched for execution in the processor; and in response to the identified type of application comprising a graphics application:
determine a first operating point for the processor based on the type of application comprising the graphics application; and
adjust an operating point for the processor based on the determined first operating point. | 3,700 |
345,645 | 16,643,504 | 3,725 | A heavy haul vehicle has a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle. A first group of one or more first drive axles and a second group of one or more second drive axles are coupled to the chassis. The vehicle also has a first engine and a second engine. The first engine drives each axle in the first group of drive axles. The second engine drives each axle in the second group drive axles. | 1. A heavy haul vehicle comprising:
a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle; at least two drive axles coupled to the chassis, the at least two drive axles comprising at least one frontward drive axle and at least one rearward drive axle; a first engine and a second engine, the first engine arranged to drive a first of the at least one frontward drive axles, and the second engine arranged to drive a first of the at least one rearward drive axles. 2. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 1, wherein the at least one frontward drive axle comprises a first frontward drive axle and a second frontward drive axle behind the first frontward drive axle, and the first engine is arranged to drive the first and the second frontward drive axles. 3. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 2, further comprising a drivetrain arranged to impart torque in series from the first engine to the second frontward drive axle and then to the first frontward drive axle. 4. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one rearward drive axle comprises two or more rearward drive axles, and the second engine is arranged to drive the two or more rearward drive axles. 5. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a steering system configured to steer one or more of the at least one of the frontward drive axles and at least one of rearward drive axles. 6. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 5 when dependent on claim 3 or 4, wherein the steering system is capable of steering both the first and second frontward drive axles. 7. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 6, wherein the steering system comprises a first closed-loop steering control system arranged to steer the second frontward drive axle based on a steering angle of the first frontward drive axle. 8. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the steering system comprises a second closed-loop steering control system configured to steer a steered rearward drive axle based on a or the steering angle of the first frontward drive axle. 9. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 8, comprising at least one non-steered drive axle disposed between the steered rearward drive axle and the frontward drive axles. 10. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heavy haul vehicle is capable of being driven with power from one of the first and second engines and without power from the other of the first and second engines. 11. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first engine and the second engine are disposed side-by-side. 12. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle is a dump truck capable of transporting at least a 100 T payload. 13. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each drive axle supports two wheels at each end of the drive axle. 14. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each wheel supported by each drive axle comprises an 18.00R25 tyre. 15. A method of driving a haul vehicle comprising a chassis capable of supporting a container for transporting a load, the method comprising:
driving a first frontward drive axle coupled to the chassis with a first engine; driving a first rearward axle coupled to chassis with a second engine. 16. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 1-15 wherein the vehicle comprise five drive axles arranged one behind the other and the at least two drive axles comprises: (a) three front most drive axles and two rear most drive axles; or (b) two front most drive axles and three rear most drive axles. 17. A heavy haul vehicle comprising:
a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle; a first group of one or more first drive axles and a second group of one or more second drive axles each group of drive axles being coupled to the chassis; a first engine and a second engine, the first engine arranged to drive each axle in the first group of drive axles, and the second engine arranged to drive each axle in the second group drive axles. 18. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 17, wherein the first drive axles comprises a front most drive axle and an adjacent drive axle behind the front most drive axle. 19. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 17, wherein the first drive axles comprises a front most drive axle and two further drive axles mutually adjacent each other and immediately behind the front most drive axle. 20. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 17 comprising five drive axles arrange one behind the other wherein the first group of drive axles comprises three first drive axles and the second group of axles comprises two second drive axles and one of the second drive axles is located between two of the first drive axles. 21. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the claims 17-20, further comprising a steering system configured to steer at least one of the first drive axles and at least one of second drive axles. 22. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the claims 1 to 21, comprising a chassis extension coupling system at an end of the chassis capable of releasably rigidly coupling a chassis extension, having an additional axle, to the chassis to enable an increase in load carrying capacity of the vehicle when the chassis extension is coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 23. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 16, further comprising the chassis extension coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 24. A heavy haul vehicle comprising:
a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle, and at least two wheel axles coupled to the chassis; and a chassis extension coupling system at an end of the chassis capable of releasably rigidly coupling a chassis extension, having an additional wheel axle, to the chassis to enable an increase in load carrying capacity of the vehicle when the chassis extension is coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 25. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 24, further comprising the chassis extension coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 26. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 24 or 25, wherein the at least two wheel axles coupled to the chassis are each drive axles. 27. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the additional wheel axle is an idle or non-driven axle. 28. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 24 to 27, further comprising a load carrying container supported by the chassis, the load carrying container comprising at least two demountable sections. 29. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 28, further comprising a container extension section configured to connect to and fit between the at least two demountable sections when the chassis extension is coupled to the chassis. | A heavy haul vehicle has a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle. A first group of one or more first drive axles and a second group of one or more second drive axles are coupled to the chassis. The vehicle also has a first engine and a second engine. The first engine drives each axle in the first group of drive axles. The second engine drives each axle in the second group drive axles.1. A heavy haul vehicle comprising:
a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle; at least two drive axles coupled to the chassis, the at least two drive axles comprising at least one frontward drive axle and at least one rearward drive axle; a first engine and a second engine, the first engine arranged to drive a first of the at least one frontward drive axles, and the second engine arranged to drive a first of the at least one rearward drive axles. 2. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 1, wherein the at least one frontward drive axle comprises a first frontward drive axle and a second frontward drive axle behind the first frontward drive axle, and the first engine is arranged to drive the first and the second frontward drive axles. 3. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 2, further comprising a drivetrain arranged to impart torque in series from the first engine to the second frontward drive axle and then to the first frontward drive axle. 4. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one rearward drive axle comprises two or more rearward drive axles, and the second engine is arranged to drive the two or more rearward drive axles. 5. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a steering system configured to steer one or more of the at least one of the frontward drive axles and at least one of rearward drive axles. 6. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 5 when dependent on claim 3 or 4, wherein the steering system is capable of steering both the first and second frontward drive axles. 7. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 6, wherein the steering system comprises a first closed-loop steering control system arranged to steer the second frontward drive axle based on a steering angle of the first frontward drive axle. 8. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the steering system comprises a second closed-loop steering control system configured to steer a steered rearward drive axle based on a or the steering angle of the first frontward drive axle. 9. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 8, comprising at least one non-steered drive axle disposed between the steered rearward drive axle and the frontward drive axles. 10. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heavy haul vehicle is capable of being driven with power from one of the first and second engines and without power from the other of the first and second engines. 11. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first engine and the second engine are disposed side-by-side. 12. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle is a dump truck capable of transporting at least a 100 T payload. 13. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each drive axle supports two wheels at each end of the drive axle. 14. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each wheel supported by each drive axle comprises an 18.00R25 tyre. 15. A method of driving a haul vehicle comprising a chassis capable of supporting a container for transporting a load, the method comprising:
driving a first frontward drive axle coupled to the chassis with a first engine; driving a first rearward axle coupled to chassis with a second engine. 16. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 1-15 wherein the vehicle comprise five drive axles arranged one behind the other and the at least two drive axles comprises: (a) three front most drive axles and two rear most drive axles; or (b) two front most drive axles and three rear most drive axles. 17. A heavy haul vehicle comprising:
a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle; a first group of one or more first drive axles and a second group of one or more second drive axles each group of drive axles being coupled to the chassis; a first engine and a second engine, the first engine arranged to drive each axle in the first group of drive axles, and the second engine arranged to drive each axle in the second group drive axles. 18. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 17, wherein the first drive axles comprises a front most drive axle and an adjacent drive axle behind the front most drive axle. 19. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 17, wherein the first drive axles comprises a front most drive axle and two further drive axles mutually adjacent each other and immediately behind the front most drive axle. 20. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 17 comprising five drive axles arrange one behind the other wherein the first group of drive axles comprises three first drive axles and the second group of axles comprises two second drive axles and one of the second drive axles is located between two of the first drive axles. 21. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the claims 17-20, further comprising a steering system configured to steer at least one of the first drive axles and at least one of second drive axles. 22. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of the claims 1 to 21, comprising a chassis extension coupling system at an end of the chassis capable of releasably rigidly coupling a chassis extension, having an additional axle, to the chassis to enable an increase in load carrying capacity of the vehicle when the chassis extension is coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 23. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 16, further comprising the chassis extension coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 24. A heavy haul vehicle comprising:
a chassis capable of supporting a load to be transported by the vehicle, and at least two wheel axles coupled to the chassis; and a chassis extension coupling system at an end of the chassis capable of releasably rigidly coupling a chassis extension, having an additional wheel axle, to the chassis to enable an increase in load carrying capacity of the vehicle when the chassis extension is coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 25. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 24, further comprising the chassis extension coupled to the chassis by the chassis extension coupling system. 26. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 24 or 25, wherein the at least two wheel axles coupled to the chassis are each drive axles. 27. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the additional wheel axle is an idle or non-driven axle. 28. The heavy haul vehicle of any one of claims 24 to 27, further comprising a load carrying container supported by the chassis, the load carrying container comprising at least two demountable sections. 29. The heavy haul vehicle of claim 28, further comprising a container extension section configured to connect to and fit between the at least two demountable sections when the chassis extension is coupled to the chassis. | 3,700 |
345,646 | 16,804,048 | 3,725 | A defect prediction method for a device manufacturing process involving processing a portion of a design layout onto a substrate, the method including: identifying a hot spot from the portion of the design layout; determining a range of values of a processing parameter of the device manufacturing process for the hot spot, wherein when the processing parameter has a value outside the range, a defect is produced from the hot spot with the device manufacturing process; determining an actual value of the processing parameter; determining or predicting, using the actual value, existence, probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination thereof, of a defect produced from the hot spot with the device manufacturing process. | 1. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed by a computer, configured to:
identify a hot spot from a portion of a design layout to be processed onto a substrate by a device manufacturing process; determine a range of values of a processing parameter of the device manufacturing process for the hot spot, wherein when the processing parameter has a value outside the range, a defect is produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process; determine an actual value of the processing parameter; and determine or predict, using the actual value and by a computer hardware system, an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process. 2. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions configured to determine or predict an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect are further configured to use a characteristic of the hot spot, a characteristic of the design layout, or both, to determine or predict an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect. 3. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further configured to adjust, or compensate for, the processing parameter using the existence, the probability of existence, the characteristic, or the combination selected therefrom, of the defect. 4. The computer readable medium of claim 3, wherein the instructions are further configured to determine or predict, using the adjustment of, or compensation for, the processing parameter, an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a residue defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process. 5. The computer readable medium of claim 4, wherein the instructions are further configured to indicate whether the hot spot is to be inspected at least partially based on the determined or predicted existence, probability of existence, the characteristic, or the combination selected therefrom, of the residue defect. 6. The computer readable medium of claim 5, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause inspection of the hot spot as produced on the substrate using the device manufacturing process. 7. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further configured to indicate whether the hot spot is to be inspected at least partially based on the determined or predicted existence, probability of existence, characteristic, or combination selected therefrom, of the defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process. 8. The computer readable medium of claim 7, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause inspection of the hot spot as produced on the substrate using the device manufacturing process. 9. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the hot spot is identified using an empirical model or a computational model. 10. The computer readable medium of claim 9, wherein the hot spot is identified using a sensitivity of a pattern of the portion, with respect to the processing parameter. 11. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the processing parameter is any one or more selected from: actual substrate stage position and/or tilt, actual reticle stage position and/or tilt, focus, dose, an illumination parameter, a projection optics parameter, data obtained from metrology, and/or data from an operator of a processing apparatus used in the device manufacturing process. 12. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions configured to determine or predict an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect are further configured to simulate an image, or an expected patterning contour, of the hot spot under the processing parameter and determine an image parameter or contour parameter. 13. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions configured to identify a hot spot are further configured to identify a location thereof. 14. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defect is undetectable before the substrate is irreversibly processed. 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed by a computer, configured to:
determine a processing parameter before processing a substrate or a die of the substrate, wherein the substrate is processed by a device manufacturing process to process a pattern onto the substrate or onto the die of the substrate; predict or determine, by a computer hardware system, an existence of a defect, a probability of existence of a defect, a characteristic of a defect, or a combination selected therefrom, using the processing parameter before processing the substrate or the die, and using a characteristic of the substrate or the die, a characteristic of a geometry of a pattern to be processed onto the substrate or the die, or both; and adjust the processing parameter based on a prediction or a determination, obtained in the prediction or determination, so as to eliminate, reduce the probability of existence of, or reduce a severity of, the defect. 16. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed by a computer, configured to:
identify a hot spot from a portion of a design layout to be processed onto a substrate by a device manufacturing process; determine or predict, by a computer hardware system, an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process; and determine whether to inspect the hot spot at least partially based on a determination or a prediction of the existence, the probability of existence, the characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of the defect obtained in the determination or prediction. 17. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause inspection of the substrate at positions of potential defects. | A defect prediction method for a device manufacturing process involving processing a portion of a design layout onto a substrate, the method including: identifying a hot spot from the portion of the design layout; determining a range of values of a processing parameter of the device manufacturing process for the hot spot, wherein when the processing parameter has a value outside the range, a defect is produced from the hot spot with the device manufacturing process; determining an actual value of the processing parameter; determining or predicting, using the actual value, existence, probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination thereof, of a defect produced from the hot spot with the device manufacturing process.1. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed by a computer, configured to:
identify a hot spot from a portion of a design layout to be processed onto a substrate by a device manufacturing process; determine a range of values of a processing parameter of the device manufacturing process for the hot spot, wherein when the processing parameter has a value outside the range, a defect is produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process; determine an actual value of the processing parameter; and determine or predict, using the actual value and by a computer hardware system, an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process. 2. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions configured to determine or predict an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect are further configured to use a characteristic of the hot spot, a characteristic of the design layout, or both, to determine or predict an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect. 3. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further configured to adjust, or compensate for, the processing parameter using the existence, the probability of existence, the characteristic, or the combination selected therefrom, of the defect. 4. The computer readable medium of claim 3, wherein the instructions are further configured to determine or predict, using the adjustment of, or compensation for, the processing parameter, an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a residue defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process. 5. The computer readable medium of claim 4, wherein the instructions are further configured to indicate whether the hot spot is to be inspected at least partially based on the determined or predicted existence, probability of existence, the characteristic, or the combination selected therefrom, of the residue defect. 6. The computer readable medium of claim 5, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause inspection of the hot spot as produced on the substrate using the device manufacturing process. 7. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further configured to indicate whether the hot spot is to be inspected at least partially based on the determined or predicted existence, probability of existence, characteristic, or combination selected therefrom, of the defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process. 8. The computer readable medium of claim 7, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause inspection of the hot spot as produced on the substrate using the device manufacturing process. 9. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the hot spot is identified using an empirical model or a computational model. 10. The computer readable medium of claim 9, wherein the hot spot is identified using a sensitivity of a pattern of the portion, with respect to the processing parameter. 11. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the processing parameter is any one or more selected from: actual substrate stage position and/or tilt, actual reticle stage position and/or tilt, focus, dose, an illumination parameter, a projection optics parameter, data obtained from metrology, and/or data from an operator of a processing apparatus used in the device manufacturing process. 12. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions configured to determine or predict an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect are further configured to simulate an image, or an expected patterning contour, of the hot spot under the processing parameter and determine an image parameter or contour parameter. 13. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions configured to identify a hot spot are further configured to identify a location thereof. 14. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defect is undetectable before the substrate is irreversibly processed. 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed by a computer, configured to:
determine a processing parameter before processing a substrate or a die of the substrate, wherein the substrate is processed by a device manufacturing process to process a pattern onto the substrate or onto the die of the substrate; predict or determine, by a computer hardware system, an existence of a defect, a probability of existence of a defect, a characteristic of a defect, or a combination selected therefrom, using the processing parameter before processing the substrate or the die, and using a characteristic of the substrate or the die, a characteristic of a geometry of a pattern to be processed onto the substrate or the die, or both; and adjust the processing parameter based on a prediction or a determination, obtained in the prediction or determination, so as to eliminate, reduce the probability of existence of, or reduce a severity of, the defect. 16. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed by a computer, configured to:
identify a hot spot from a portion of a design layout to be processed onto a substrate by a device manufacturing process; determine or predict, by a computer hardware system, an existence, a probability of existence, a characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of a defect produced from the hot spot using the device manufacturing process; and determine whether to inspect the hot spot at least partially based on a determination or a prediction of the existence, the probability of existence, the characteristic, or a combination selected therefrom, of the defect obtained in the determination or prediction. 17. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause inspection of the substrate at positions of potential defects. | 3,700 |
345,647 | 16,804,028 | 3,725 | In an approach to interact with a chatbot through an augmented reality device. Embodiments consist of receiving a query from a user including a video feed, collecting visual information from the video feed, and determining additional visual information is required to respond to the query. Further, embodiments consist of dynamically identifying the additional visual information that is required, providing activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed, and directing user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions. Additionally, embodiments consist of identifying, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed, and presenting, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. | 1. A computer-implemented method for chatbot interaction through an augmented reality device, the method comprising:
receiving a query from a user including a video feed; collecting visual information from the video feed; determining additional visual information is required to respond to the query; dynamically identifying the additional visual information that is required; providing activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed; directing user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions; identifying, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed; and presenting, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
collecting biometric data of the user while the user creates the new video feed for identifying the response to the query. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
visually displaying visual guidance to the user on the computing device as an augmented reality visual display, wherein the augmented reality visual display is illuminated arrows and highlighted objects of interest. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving user input describing the problem or activity the user wants solved or performed. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
analyzing the collected biometric while the user performs the recommended solution. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
determining the recommended solution is working based on biometric data, wherein determining the recommended solution is working comprises:
identifying increases or decreases in biometric data; and
prompting the user to confirm the recommended solution solved an identified problem; and
responsive to determine the recommended solution did not work, prompting the user for feedback and outputting a secondary recommended solution based on the user feedback. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the recommended solution is a prioritized list based on a knowledge corpus and the recommended solution is retrieved from a database and an online search engine. 8. A computer program product for chatbot interaction through an augmented reality device, the computer program product comprising:
one or more computer readable storage devices and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to receive a query from a user including a video feed;
program instructions to collect visual information from the video feed;
program instructions to determine additional visual information is required to respond to the query;
program instructions to dynamically identify the additional visual information that is required;
program instructions to provide activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed;
program instructions to direct user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions;
program instructions to identify, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed; and
program instructions to present, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. 9. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to collect biometric data of the user while the user creates the new video feed for identifying the response to the query. 10. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to visually display visual guidance to the user on the computing device as an augmented reality visual display, wherein the augmented reality visual display is illuminated arrows and highlighted objects of interest. 11. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to receive user input describing the problem or activity the user wants solved or performed. 12. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to analyze the collected biometric while the user performs the recommended solution. 13. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to determine the recommended solution is working based on biometric data, wherein determining the recommended solution is working comprises:
program instructions to identify increases or decreases in biometric data; and
program instructions to prompt the user to confirm the recommended solution solved an identified problem; and
responsive to determine the recommended solution did not work, program instructions to prompt the user for feedback and outputting a secondary recommended solution based on the user feedback. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the recommended solution is a prioritized list based on a knowledge corpus and the recommended solution is retrieved from a database and an online search engine. 15. A computer system for chatbot interaction through an augmented reality device, the computer system comprising:
one or more computer processors; one or more computer readable storage devices; program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices for execution by at least one of the one or more computer processors, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to receive a query from a user including a video feed;
program instructions to collect visual information from the video feed;
program instructions to determine additional visual information is required to respond to the query;
program instructions to dynamically identify the additional visual information that is required;
program instructions to provide activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed;
program instructions to direct user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions;
program instructions to identify, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed; and
program instructions to present, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. 16. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to collect biometric data of the user while the user creates the new video feed for identifying the response to the query. 17. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to visually display visual guidance to the user on the computing device as an augmented reality visual display, wherein the augmented reality visual display is illuminated arrows and highlighted objects of interest. 18. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to receive user input describing the problem or activity the user wants solved or performed. 19. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to analyze the collected biometric while the user performs the recommended solution. 20. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to determine the recommended solution is working based on biometric data, wherein the recommended solution is a prioritized list based on a knowledge corpus and the recommended solution is retrieved from a database and an online search engine, wherein determining the recommended solution is working comprises:
program instructions to identify increases or decreases in biometric data; and
program instructions to prompt the user to confirm the recommended solution solved an identified problem; and
responsive to determine the recommended solution did not work, program instructions to prompt the user for feedback and outputting a secondary recommended solution based on the user feedback. | In an approach to interact with a chatbot through an augmented reality device. Embodiments consist of receiving a query from a user including a video feed, collecting visual information from the video feed, and determining additional visual information is required to respond to the query. Further, embodiments consist of dynamically identifying the additional visual information that is required, providing activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed, and directing user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions. Additionally, embodiments consist of identifying, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed, and presenting, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user.1. A computer-implemented method for chatbot interaction through an augmented reality device, the method comprising:
receiving a query from a user including a video feed; collecting visual information from the video feed; determining additional visual information is required to respond to the query; dynamically identifying the additional visual information that is required; providing activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed; directing user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions; identifying, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed; and presenting, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
collecting biometric data of the user while the user creates the new video feed for identifying the response to the query. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
visually displaying visual guidance to the user on the computing device as an augmented reality visual display, wherein the augmented reality visual display is illuminated arrows and highlighted objects of interest. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving user input describing the problem or activity the user wants solved or performed. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
analyzing the collected biometric while the user performs the recommended solution. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
determining the recommended solution is working based on biometric data, wherein determining the recommended solution is working comprises:
identifying increases or decreases in biometric data; and
prompting the user to confirm the recommended solution solved an identified problem; and
responsive to determine the recommended solution did not work, prompting the user for feedback and outputting a secondary recommended solution based on the user feedback. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the recommended solution is a prioritized list based on a knowledge corpus and the recommended solution is retrieved from a database and an online search engine. 8. A computer program product for chatbot interaction through an augmented reality device, the computer program product comprising:
one or more computer readable storage devices and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to receive a query from a user including a video feed;
program instructions to collect visual information from the video feed;
program instructions to determine additional visual information is required to respond to the query;
program instructions to dynamically identify the additional visual information that is required;
program instructions to provide activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed;
program instructions to direct user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions;
program instructions to identify, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed; and
program instructions to present, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. 9. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to collect biometric data of the user while the user creates the new video feed for identifying the response to the query. 10. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to visually display visual guidance to the user on the computing device as an augmented reality visual display, wherein the augmented reality visual display is illuminated arrows and highlighted objects of interest. 11. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to receive user input describing the problem or activity the user wants solved or performed. 12. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to analyze the collected biometric while the user performs the recommended solution. 13. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising:
program instructions to determine the recommended solution is working based on biometric data, wherein determining the recommended solution is working comprises:
program instructions to identify increases or decreases in biometric data; and
program instructions to prompt the user to confirm the recommended solution solved an identified problem; and
responsive to determine the recommended solution did not work, program instructions to prompt the user for feedback and outputting a secondary recommended solution based on the user feedback. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the recommended solution is a prioritized list based on a knowledge corpus and the recommended solution is retrieved from a database and an online search engine. 15. A computer system for chatbot interaction through an augmented reality device, the computer system comprising:
one or more computer processors; one or more computer readable storage devices; program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices for execution by at least one of the one or more computer processors, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to receive a query from a user including a video feed;
program instructions to collect visual information from the video feed;
program instructions to determine additional visual information is required to respond to the query;
program instructions to dynamically identify the additional visual information that is required;
program instructions to provide activity instructions to the user on how to collect the additional visual information in the form of a new video feed;
program instructions to direct user actions via an augmented reality device while the user collects the additional visual information according to the activity instructions;
program instructions to identify, in a knowledge corpus, a recommended response to the query based on the visual information from the video feed and the additional visual information from the new video feed; and
program instructions to present, via the augmented reality device, the recommended response to the user. 16. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to collect biometric data of the user while the user creates the new video feed for identifying the response to the query. 17. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to visually display visual guidance to the user on the computing device as an augmented reality visual display, wherein the augmented reality visual display is illuminated arrows and highlighted objects of interest. 18. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to receive user input describing the problem or activity the user wants solved or performed. 19. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to analyze the collected biometric while the user performs the recommended solution. 20. The computer system of claim 15 further comprising:
program instructions to determine the recommended solution is working based on biometric data, wherein the recommended solution is a prioritized list based on a knowledge corpus and the recommended solution is retrieved from a database and an online search engine, wherein determining the recommended solution is working comprises:
program instructions to identify increases or decreases in biometric data; and
program instructions to prompt the user to confirm the recommended solution solved an identified problem; and
responsive to determine the recommended solution did not work, program instructions to prompt the user for feedback and outputting a secondary recommended solution based on the user feedback. | 3,700 |
345,648 | 16,804,057 | 3,725 | A washable, reusable mat that serves as a stimulation device for animals, the mat having a base with a pile thereon, the pile being formed from a plurality of fingers which are arranged to form a structure with a plurality of spaces. Food or treats for the animal (e.g., a dog), are placed on the mat, and the food or treats fall among the fingers and are captured within the spaces formed in the pile by the fingers. The animal locates the food or treats by employing the animal's olfactory senses, such as smell and taste, to locate the food within the mat pile. The animal may use its nose (or paws) to gain access to the captured food by tunneling among the fingers, moving the fingers aside, or other action to access the hidden food. | 1. A mat for feeding an animal comprising:
a base structure having a top surface; a plurality of strips attached to the top surface of the base structure, each of the strips having a columnar shape; and wherein the strips are attached to the base structure in a plurality of spaced apart rows. 2. The mat according to claim 1 wherein each of the strips is formed from a first fabric material. 3. The mat according to claim 2 wherein the base structure is formed from a second fabric material that is a different material than the first fabric material. 4. The mat according to claim 2 wherein each of the strips comprises a longitudinal axis, and wherein the fabric material is resilient and stretchable such that upon pulling on one of the strips along the longitudinal axis in a direction away from the base structure the one of the strips will stretch and upon release of the one of the strips the one of the strips will return to its unstretched condition. 5. The mat according to claim 1 wherein each of the strips has a cylindrical shape. 6. The mat according to claim 1 wherein each of the strips comprises a solid structure. 7. The mat according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of strips comprises a plurality of peripheral strips positioned adjacent to a peripheral edge of the base structure, each of the plurality of peripheral strips arranged so as to protrude beyond the peripheral edge of the base structure. 8. The mat according to claim 1 wherein the strips protrude from the front surface of the mat at a plurality of different angles. 9. The mat of claim 1 wherein the strips are arranged and oriented to entirely cover the top surface of the base so that no portion of the top surface of the base is visible without distorting the strips. 10. A mat for feeding an animal comprising:
a base structure having a top surface; a plurality of strips attached to the top surface of the base structure and arranged in a plurality of rows; and wherein in at least one of the plurality of rows, the strips are positioned in an end-to-end manner such that adjacent strips in the one of the plurality of rows are contiguous without overlapping. 11. The mat according to claim 10 wherein for each of the plurality of rows, the strips are positioned in an end-to-end manner such that adjacent strips in each of the plurality of rows do not overlap. 12. The mat according to claim 10 wherein each of the strips comprises a first end, a second end, and a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and wherein the plurality of strips within each row is coupled to the base structure with a row of stitching, the row of stitching intersecting each of the strips in the row at a location between the first and second ends of the strips. 13. The mat according to claim 12 wherein each of the strips has a first portion on a first side of the row of stitching and a second portion on a second side of the row of stitching, the first and second portions of the strips separately protruding from the top surface of the base structure. 14. The mat according to claim 10 wherein each of the strips comprises a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, a first side edge extending from the first end to the second end, and a second side edge extending from the first end to the second end, and wherein the strips are arranged in the rows such that the first and second side edges of adjacent strips are contiguous. 15. The mat according to claim 10 wherein the plurality of strips comprises a plurality of peripheral strips positioned adjacent to a peripheral edge of the base structure, each of the plurality of peripheral strips protruding beyond the peripheral edge of the base structure. 16. A mat for feeding an animal comprising:
a base structure having a top surface; a plurality of strips rolled into a rolled configuration and arranged in a plurality of rows along the top surface of the base structure; and a row of stitching attaching each of the plurality of rows of the plurality of strips to the base structure while the plurality of strips are in the rolled configuration. 17. The mat according to claim 16 wherein each of the strips is independently attached to the top surface of the base structure at a connection location of the strip so that first and second elongated portions of the strip on opposite sides of the connection location both extend from the top surface of the base structure. 18. The mat according to claim 16 wherein each of the strips comprises a first end, a second end, and a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and wherein each of the rows of stitching intersects each of the strips in the row at a location between the first and second ends of the strips. 19. The method according to claim 18 wherein each of the rows of stitching intersects each of the strips in the row at a midpoint located equidistantly from the first and second ends of the strips. 20. The mat of claim 16 wherein the plurality of strips are arranged and oriented to entirely cover the top surface of the base structure so that no portion of the top surface of the base is visible without distorting the strips. | A washable, reusable mat that serves as a stimulation device for animals, the mat having a base with a pile thereon, the pile being formed from a plurality of fingers which are arranged to form a structure with a plurality of spaces. Food or treats for the animal (e.g., a dog), are placed on the mat, and the food or treats fall among the fingers and are captured within the spaces formed in the pile by the fingers. The animal locates the food or treats by employing the animal's olfactory senses, such as smell and taste, to locate the food within the mat pile. The animal may use its nose (or paws) to gain access to the captured food by tunneling among the fingers, moving the fingers aside, or other action to access the hidden food.1. A mat for feeding an animal comprising:
a base structure having a top surface; a plurality of strips attached to the top surface of the base structure, each of the strips having a columnar shape; and wherein the strips are attached to the base structure in a plurality of spaced apart rows. 2. The mat according to claim 1 wherein each of the strips is formed from a first fabric material. 3. The mat according to claim 2 wherein the base structure is formed from a second fabric material that is a different material than the first fabric material. 4. The mat according to claim 2 wherein each of the strips comprises a longitudinal axis, and wherein the fabric material is resilient and stretchable such that upon pulling on one of the strips along the longitudinal axis in a direction away from the base structure the one of the strips will stretch and upon release of the one of the strips the one of the strips will return to its unstretched condition. 5. The mat according to claim 1 wherein each of the strips has a cylindrical shape. 6. The mat according to claim 1 wherein each of the strips comprises a solid structure. 7. The mat according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of strips comprises a plurality of peripheral strips positioned adjacent to a peripheral edge of the base structure, each of the plurality of peripheral strips arranged so as to protrude beyond the peripheral edge of the base structure. 8. The mat according to claim 1 wherein the strips protrude from the front surface of the mat at a plurality of different angles. 9. The mat of claim 1 wherein the strips are arranged and oriented to entirely cover the top surface of the base so that no portion of the top surface of the base is visible without distorting the strips. 10. A mat for feeding an animal comprising:
a base structure having a top surface; a plurality of strips attached to the top surface of the base structure and arranged in a plurality of rows; and wherein in at least one of the plurality of rows, the strips are positioned in an end-to-end manner such that adjacent strips in the one of the plurality of rows are contiguous without overlapping. 11. The mat according to claim 10 wherein for each of the plurality of rows, the strips are positioned in an end-to-end manner such that adjacent strips in each of the plurality of rows do not overlap. 12. The mat according to claim 10 wherein each of the strips comprises a first end, a second end, and a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and wherein the plurality of strips within each row is coupled to the base structure with a row of stitching, the row of stitching intersecting each of the strips in the row at a location between the first and second ends of the strips. 13. The mat according to claim 12 wherein each of the strips has a first portion on a first side of the row of stitching and a second portion on a second side of the row of stitching, the first and second portions of the strips separately protruding from the top surface of the base structure. 14. The mat according to claim 10 wherein each of the strips comprises a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, a first side edge extending from the first end to the second end, and a second side edge extending from the first end to the second end, and wherein the strips are arranged in the rows such that the first and second side edges of adjacent strips are contiguous. 15. The mat according to claim 10 wherein the plurality of strips comprises a plurality of peripheral strips positioned adjacent to a peripheral edge of the base structure, each of the plurality of peripheral strips protruding beyond the peripheral edge of the base structure. 16. A mat for feeding an animal comprising:
a base structure having a top surface; a plurality of strips rolled into a rolled configuration and arranged in a plurality of rows along the top surface of the base structure; and a row of stitching attaching each of the plurality of rows of the plurality of strips to the base structure while the plurality of strips are in the rolled configuration. 17. The mat according to claim 16 wherein each of the strips is independently attached to the top surface of the base structure at a connection location of the strip so that first and second elongated portions of the strip on opposite sides of the connection location both extend from the top surface of the base structure. 18. The mat according to claim 16 wherein each of the strips comprises a first end, a second end, and a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and wherein each of the rows of stitching intersects each of the strips in the row at a location between the first and second ends of the strips. 19. The method according to claim 18 wherein each of the rows of stitching intersects each of the strips in the row at a midpoint located equidistantly from the first and second ends of the strips. 20. The mat of claim 16 wherein the plurality of strips are arranged and oriented to entirely cover the top surface of the base structure so that no portion of the top surface of the base is visible without distorting the strips. | 3,700 |
345,649 | 16,804,009 | 3,725 | A method and a device for hotspot leasing are provided. The method comprises: acquiring a data request packet transmitted by a requesting user (S11); based on a target data request packet acquired by a supplying user from the data request packet, transmitting hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet, and establishing a hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user (S12). Therefore, demand docking is provided for both parties of leasing and selling by means of the data request packet, so that users with excess data provide data to users with data gaps. Urgent needs of one or more surrounding users are solved, near-field social contact for mutual assistance is established, and data utilization is improved. | 1. A method for hotspot leasing at a network device, the method comprising:
acquiring a data request packet transmitted by a requesting user; based on a target data request packet acquired by a supplying user from the data request packet, transmitting hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet, and establishing a hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprising:
determining whether the requesting user is allowed to transmit the data request packet based on historic rating information of the requesting user or based on historic rating information and historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information of the requesting user; and/or determining whether the supplying user is allowed to acquire the target data request packet from the data request packet based on historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information of the supplying user or based on historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information and historic rating information of the supplying user. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after acquiring the data request packet of the requesting user, the method further comprising:
displaying the acquired data request packet on a map of data request packets based on location information of the requesting user, wherein the data request packet comprises a data limit, user information of the requesting user, paid fees, and location information. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of transmitting the hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet and establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user comprising:
transmitting the hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet for the requesting user and the supplying user to establish a network link, wherein the hotspot information comprises a hotspot name and password information for access; establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user based on a received test result of the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user; wherein a test for the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user comprises at least one of: a test for connectivity of the link; a test for signal strength of the link; a test as to whether the data limit of the target data request packet is less than or equals to a data threshold of the supplying user. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
transmitting acquired data usage information for the hotspot leasing contract to the requesting user or the supplying user based on a query request from the requesting user or the supplying user. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
converting hotspot data used by the requesting user to a corresponding fee to be charged based on a preset trigger condition and forwarding the fee to be charged to the supplying user, and terminating the hotspot leasing contract. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the preset trigger condition comprises at least one of:
the hotspot data used by the requesting user reaches the data limit of the target data request packet; the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user is disconnected when hotpot data used by the requesting user does not reach the data limit of the target data request packet; the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user is disconnected when total data used by the requesting user and the supplying user reaches a data threshold of the supplying user. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein after terminating the hotspot leasing contract, the method further comprising:
determining whether the requesting user is allowed to rate the supplying user in terms of satisfaction based on historic rating information and/or historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information of the requesting user; and/or determining whether the supplying user is allowed to rate the requesting user in terms of satisfaction based on historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information and/or historic rating information of the supplying user. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein before establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
notifying the requesting user to shut down automatic update behavior from occurring when connected to the hotspot. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
based on data usage information for the hotspot leasing contract and a preset alerting data amount, transmitting notification information indicating that the total data used has reached the preset alerting data amount to the requesting user and/or the supplying user. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprising:
creating an instant communication between the requesting user and the supplying user based on the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user. 12. A method for hotspot leasing at an equipment of a requesting user, the method comprising:
transmitting a data request packet of the requesting user; establishing a hotspot leasing contract with a supplying user based on received hotspot information provided by the supplying user. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the data request packet comprises a data limit, user information of the requesting user, paid fees, and location information. 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the step of establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the supplying user based on the received hotspot information provided by the supplying user comprising:
receiving the hotspot information transmitted by a network device and provided by the supplying user, and establishing a network link with the supplying user; performing a network link test on the network link; establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the supplying user based on a test result; wherein the network link test comprises at least one of: a test for connectivity of the link; a test for signal strength of the link. 15. The method according to claim 12, wherein after terminating the hotspot leasing contract, the method further comprising:
transmitting rating information in terms of satisfaction on the supplying user. 16. A method for hotspot leasing at an equipment of a supplying user, the method comprising:
acquiring a target data request packet from data request packets; generating hotspot information and transmitting the hotspot information to a network device, and establishing a hotspot leasing contract with a requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet on a basis of the network device transmitting the hotspot information to the requesting user. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the requesting user, the method further comprising:
receiving a fee to be charged corresponding to hotspot data used by the requesting user which is transmitted by the network device. 18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the step of acquiring the target data request packet from the data request packets comprising:
acquiring one or more target data request packets from the data request packets displayed on a map of data request packets, wherein the data request packet comprises a data limit, user information of a requesting user, paid fees, and location information. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the step of establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the requesting user comprising:
establishing a network link with the requesting user based on the hotspot information; performing a network link test on the network link; establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the requesting user based on a test result; wherein the network link test comprises at least one of: a test for connectivity of the link; a test for signal strength of the link; a test as to whether the data limit of the target data request packet is less than or equals to a data threshold of the supplying user. 20. The method according to claim 16, wherein after terminating the hotspot leasing contract, the method further comprising:
transmitting rating information in terms of satisfaction on the requesting user. | A method and a device for hotspot leasing are provided. The method comprises: acquiring a data request packet transmitted by a requesting user (S11); based on a target data request packet acquired by a supplying user from the data request packet, transmitting hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet, and establishing a hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user (S12). Therefore, demand docking is provided for both parties of leasing and selling by means of the data request packet, so that users with excess data provide data to users with data gaps. Urgent needs of one or more surrounding users are solved, near-field social contact for mutual assistance is established, and data utilization is improved.1. A method for hotspot leasing at a network device, the method comprising:
acquiring a data request packet transmitted by a requesting user; based on a target data request packet acquired by a supplying user from the data request packet, transmitting hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet, and establishing a hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprising:
determining whether the requesting user is allowed to transmit the data request packet based on historic rating information of the requesting user or based on historic rating information and historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information of the requesting user; and/or determining whether the supplying user is allowed to acquire the target data request packet from the data request packet based on historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information of the supplying user or based on historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information and historic rating information of the supplying user. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after acquiring the data request packet of the requesting user, the method further comprising:
displaying the acquired data request packet on a map of data request packets based on location information of the requesting user, wherein the data request packet comprises a data limit, user information of the requesting user, paid fees, and location information. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of transmitting the hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet and establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user comprising:
transmitting the hotspot information provided by the supplying user to the requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet for the requesting user and the supplying user to establish a network link, wherein the hotspot information comprises a hotspot name and password information for access; establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user based on a received test result of the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user; wherein a test for the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user comprises at least one of: a test for connectivity of the link; a test for signal strength of the link; a test as to whether the data limit of the target data request packet is less than or equals to a data threshold of the supplying user. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
transmitting acquired data usage information for the hotspot leasing contract to the requesting user or the supplying user based on a query request from the requesting user or the supplying user. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
converting hotspot data used by the requesting user to a corresponding fee to be charged based on a preset trigger condition and forwarding the fee to be charged to the supplying user, and terminating the hotspot leasing contract. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the preset trigger condition comprises at least one of:
the hotspot data used by the requesting user reaches the data limit of the target data request packet; the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user is disconnected when hotpot data used by the requesting user does not reach the data limit of the target data request packet; the network link between the requesting user and the supplying user is disconnected when total data used by the requesting user and the supplying user reaches a data threshold of the supplying user. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein after terminating the hotspot leasing contract, the method further comprising:
determining whether the requesting user is allowed to rate the supplying user in terms of satisfaction based on historic rating information and/or historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information of the requesting user; and/or determining whether the supplying user is allowed to rate the requesting user in terms of satisfaction based on historic valid hotspot sharing behavior information and/or historic rating information of the supplying user. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein before establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
notifying the requesting user to shut down automatic update behavior from occurring when connected to the hotspot. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user, the method further comprising:
based on data usage information for the hotspot leasing contract and a preset alerting data amount, transmitting notification information indicating that the total data used has reached the preset alerting data amount to the requesting user and/or the supplying user. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprising:
creating an instant communication between the requesting user and the supplying user based on the hotspot leasing contract between the requesting user and the supplying user. 12. A method for hotspot leasing at an equipment of a requesting user, the method comprising:
transmitting a data request packet of the requesting user; establishing a hotspot leasing contract with a supplying user based on received hotspot information provided by the supplying user. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the data request packet comprises a data limit, user information of the requesting user, paid fees, and location information. 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the step of establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the supplying user based on the received hotspot information provided by the supplying user comprising:
receiving the hotspot information transmitted by a network device and provided by the supplying user, and establishing a network link with the supplying user; performing a network link test on the network link; establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the supplying user based on a test result; wherein the network link test comprises at least one of: a test for connectivity of the link; a test for signal strength of the link. 15. The method according to claim 12, wherein after terminating the hotspot leasing contract, the method further comprising:
transmitting rating information in terms of satisfaction on the supplying user. 16. A method for hotspot leasing at an equipment of a supplying user, the method comprising:
acquiring a target data request packet from data request packets; generating hotspot information and transmitting the hotspot information to a network device, and establishing a hotspot leasing contract with a requesting user corresponding to the target data request packet on a basis of the network device transmitting the hotspot information to the requesting user. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein after establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the requesting user, the method further comprising:
receiving a fee to be charged corresponding to hotspot data used by the requesting user which is transmitted by the network device. 18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the step of acquiring the target data request packet from the data request packets comprising:
acquiring one or more target data request packets from the data request packets displayed on a map of data request packets, wherein the data request packet comprises a data limit, user information of a requesting user, paid fees, and location information. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the step of establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the requesting user comprising:
establishing a network link with the requesting user based on the hotspot information; performing a network link test on the network link; establishing the hotspot leasing contract with the requesting user based on a test result; wherein the network link test comprises at least one of: a test for connectivity of the link; a test for signal strength of the link; a test as to whether the data limit of the target data request packet is less than or equals to a data threshold of the supplying user. 20. The method according to claim 16, wherein after terminating the hotspot leasing contract, the method further comprising:
transmitting rating information in terms of satisfaction on the requesting user. | 3,700 |
345,650 | 16,804,042 | 3,725 | A vehicle control system includes a recognizer configured to recognize first content displayed on a terminal device, and an identifier configured to identify a person carrying the terminal device with the first content displayed thereon outside the vehicle as a user scheduled to use the vehicle or a person relevant to the user on the basis of a comparison between the first content recognized by the recognizer and one or more pieces of content associated with the vehicle. | 1. A vehicle control system comprising:
a recognizer configured to recognize first content displayed on a terminal device; and an identifier configured to identify a person carrying the terminal device with the first content displayed thereon outside the vehicle as a user scheduled to use the vehicle or a person relevant to the user on the basis of a comparison between the first content recognized by the recognizer and one or more pieces of content associated with the vehicle. 2. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, wherein the identifier is configured to identify the person as the user or the person relevant to the user when the first content recognized by the recognizer is the same as any one of the one or more pieces of content. 3. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first controller configured to control steering and a speed of the vehicle so that the vehicle is stopped on the side of the user or the person relevant to the user when the identifier is configured to identify that the person is the user or the person relevant to the user. 4. The vehicle control system according to claim 1,
wherein a first image with an arrangement of one or more colors is included in the first content, a second image with an arrangement of one or more colors is included in each of the one or more pieces of content, and the identifier is configured to identify the person as the user or the person relevant to the user when the color arrangement of the first image is the same as the color arrangement of the second image. 5. The vehicle control system according to claim 1,
wherein a first image in which a first pattern has been drawn is included in the first content, a second image in which a second pattern has been drawn is included in each of the one or more pieces of content, and the identifier is configured to identify the person as the user or the person relevant to the user when the first pattern is the same as the second pattern. 6. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a communicator configured to communicate with the terminal device; and a second controller configured to control the communicator so that information is transmitted to the terminal device carried by the user of the vehicle, thereby displaying content on the terminal device. 7. The vehicle control system according to claim 6,
wherein, when the recognizer has recognized that the first content is displayed on each of the plurality of terminal devices, the identifier is configured to compare each of a plurality of pieces of first content recognized by the recognizer with the one or more pieces of content, when at least two pieces of first content among the plurality of pieces of first content recognized by the recognizer are the same as any one of the one or more pieces of content, the second controller controls the communicator so that second content different from the first content is displayed on the terminal device carried by the user or the person relevant to the user, the second content being the same as any one of the one or more pieces of content, and when the recognizer has recognized that the second content has been displayed on any one of the plurality of terminal devices after the second controller displays the second content on the terminal device carried by the user of the vehicle, the identifier is configured to identify a person carrying the terminal device on which the second content has been displayed as the user or the person relevant to the user. 8. The vehicle control system according to claim 6, wherein, when the second controller displays content on the terminal device, the second controller is configured to brighten a screen of the terminal device, as compared with a case in which the second controller does not display the content on the terminal device. 9. The vehicle control system according to claim 1,
wherein first sub-content associated with a control aspect of the vehicle is included in the first content, second sub-content associated with the control aspect of the vehicle is included in each of the one or more pieces of content, and the vehicle control system further comprises a third controller configured to control the vehicle on the basis of the control aspect associated with the first sub-content or the second sub-content when the first sub-content is the same as the second sub-content. 10. A vehicle control method comprising:
recognizing, by a computer, first content displayed on a terminal device; and identifying, by the computer, a person carrying the terminal device with the first content displayed thereon outside the vehicle as a user scheduled to use the vehicle or a person relevant to the user on the basis of a comparison between the recognized first content and one or more pieces of content associated with the vehicle. | A vehicle control system includes a recognizer configured to recognize first content displayed on a terminal device, and an identifier configured to identify a person carrying the terminal device with the first content displayed thereon outside the vehicle as a user scheduled to use the vehicle or a person relevant to the user on the basis of a comparison between the first content recognized by the recognizer and one or more pieces of content associated with the vehicle.1. A vehicle control system comprising:
a recognizer configured to recognize first content displayed on a terminal device; and an identifier configured to identify a person carrying the terminal device with the first content displayed thereon outside the vehicle as a user scheduled to use the vehicle or a person relevant to the user on the basis of a comparison between the first content recognized by the recognizer and one or more pieces of content associated with the vehicle. 2. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, wherein the identifier is configured to identify the person as the user or the person relevant to the user when the first content recognized by the recognizer is the same as any one of the one or more pieces of content. 3. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first controller configured to control steering and a speed of the vehicle so that the vehicle is stopped on the side of the user or the person relevant to the user when the identifier is configured to identify that the person is the user or the person relevant to the user. 4. The vehicle control system according to claim 1,
wherein a first image with an arrangement of one or more colors is included in the first content, a second image with an arrangement of one or more colors is included in each of the one or more pieces of content, and the identifier is configured to identify the person as the user or the person relevant to the user when the color arrangement of the first image is the same as the color arrangement of the second image. 5. The vehicle control system according to claim 1,
wherein a first image in which a first pattern has been drawn is included in the first content, a second image in which a second pattern has been drawn is included in each of the one or more pieces of content, and the identifier is configured to identify the person as the user or the person relevant to the user when the first pattern is the same as the second pattern. 6. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a communicator configured to communicate with the terminal device; and a second controller configured to control the communicator so that information is transmitted to the terminal device carried by the user of the vehicle, thereby displaying content on the terminal device. 7. The vehicle control system according to claim 6,
wherein, when the recognizer has recognized that the first content is displayed on each of the plurality of terminal devices, the identifier is configured to compare each of a plurality of pieces of first content recognized by the recognizer with the one or more pieces of content, when at least two pieces of first content among the plurality of pieces of first content recognized by the recognizer are the same as any one of the one or more pieces of content, the second controller controls the communicator so that second content different from the first content is displayed on the terminal device carried by the user or the person relevant to the user, the second content being the same as any one of the one or more pieces of content, and when the recognizer has recognized that the second content has been displayed on any one of the plurality of terminal devices after the second controller displays the second content on the terminal device carried by the user of the vehicle, the identifier is configured to identify a person carrying the terminal device on which the second content has been displayed as the user or the person relevant to the user. 8. The vehicle control system according to claim 6, wherein, when the second controller displays content on the terminal device, the second controller is configured to brighten a screen of the terminal device, as compared with a case in which the second controller does not display the content on the terminal device. 9. The vehicle control system according to claim 1,
wherein first sub-content associated with a control aspect of the vehicle is included in the first content, second sub-content associated with the control aspect of the vehicle is included in each of the one or more pieces of content, and the vehicle control system further comprises a third controller configured to control the vehicle on the basis of the control aspect associated with the first sub-content or the second sub-content when the first sub-content is the same as the second sub-content. 10. A vehicle control method comprising:
recognizing, by a computer, first content displayed on a terminal device; and identifying, by the computer, a person carrying the terminal device with the first content displayed thereon outside the vehicle as a user scheduled to use the vehicle or a person relevant to the user on the basis of a comparison between the recognized first content and one or more pieces of content associated with the vehicle. | 3,700 |
345,651 | 16,804,074 | 3,671 | A method and system is disclosed which provides for a zero turn stand-on snow blower with only two powered wheels and two free wheeling casters which provides for the ability to blow snow from narrow paths, turn around without leaving the sidewalk, automatically turn off the auger and present a shovel for performing quick detailed shoveling tasks when stepping off the snow blower. | 1. A method of removing snow comprises the steps of:
providing a powered stand-on snow blower having only one powered drive wheel on each of opposing rear sides of the snow blower, and a forward non-powered caster wheel at a location forward of each of the powered drive wheels; providing a snow blower disposed forward of each of said forward non-powered caster wheels; standing on the snow blower driving it down a four foot wide sidewalk while blowing the snow off the sidewalk; turning around the snow blower and driving the snow blower back over a portion of the area where the snow has just been blown off the sidewalk, without any portion of any of the two powered drive wheels or the non-powered caster wheels leaving the four foot wide sidewalk; stepping off the snow blower with an auger running; automatically turning off the engine thereby stopping the powered rotation of the auger and the powered drive wheels; automatically slightly ejecting a portion of the shovel handle from the shovel receiving bracket head portion; removing the shovel and using it to shovel an area adjacent to the area where the snow has just been blown off the sidewalk; stepping back on the switched stand-on platform and engaging the shovel with the shovel retention bracket; and re-starting the engine and continuing to drive the snow blower down the sidewalk where the snow thereon has just been removed. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of automatically slightly ejecting a portion of the shovel handle is facilitated by a spring which biases the switched stand-on platform to an elevated orientation when a person is not standing on the switched stand-on platform. 3. A stand-on snow blower comprising:
a frame; a motor supported by said frame; a snow blower head, pivotally coupled to said frame and powered by said motor; a plurality of wheels including:
an unpowered right front caster, a right rear powered wheel, an unpowered left front caster and a left rear powered wheel;
where said right rear powered wheel and said left rear powered wheel are the only powered wheels in said plurality of wheels; and
where each of said plurality of wheels are in combination, sized and configured to couple to said frame in a way that said stand-on snow blower can be driven by said motor to turn 360 degrees while each of said plurality of wheels is constantly remaining in a circle having a maximum diameter of 48 inches. 4. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a winch coupled to said frame and configured to selectively pivot said snow blower head with respect to said frame and to maintain said snow blower head at a constant angular orientation with respect to said frame. 5. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a snow blower head angular orientation locking system further comprising:
a first snow blower head load bearing pin;
where a support portion of said snow blower head has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin, and a front portion of said frame has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin; and
where said snow blower head angular orientation locking system is configured to maintain said snow blower head at a constant angular orientation with respect to said frame, without any use of said winch. 6. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a shovel retention bracket having a shovel receiving bracket head portion with a shovel receiving bracket head portion handle receiving opening therein;
said shovel receiving bracket head portion is coupled to a shovel receiving bracket longitudinal portion; and
said shovel retention bracket is centrally disposed on an abdominal pad. 7. The stand-on snow blower of claim 6 wherein said shovel retention bracket is configured to retain a shovel having a shovel longitudinal portion. 8. The stand-on snow blower of claim 7 wherein said shovel has a shovel handle configured to cooperate with said shovel receiving bracket head portion handle receiving opening. 9. The stand-on snow blower of claim 8 further comprising a stand-on platform. 10. The stand-on snow blower of claim 9 wherein, in combination, said shovel retention bracket, said shovel longitudinal portion, and said stand-on platform are configured to cause said shovel handle to slightly move upward from said shovel receiving bracket head portion when an operator of said stand-on snow blower steps off said stand-on platform. 11. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a stand-on platform; and
an engine electrical system configured to turn off said motor when an operator on said stand-on snow blower steps off and either an auger in said snow blower head is running or a parking brake on said stand-on snow blower is not engaged. 12. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising: a means for transferring power from the motor to an auger in the snow blower head. 13. The stand-on snow blower of claim 12 wherein said means for transferring power from the motor to an auger in the snow blower head comprises an extendable drive shaft. 14. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising an extendable drive shaft coupled between the motor and the snow blower head. 15. A stand-on snow blower comprising:
a frame; a snow blower head pivotally coupled to said frame; a winch coupled to said frame configured to raise said snow blower head in response to pulling an elongated member onto a spool, and to maintain a constant angular orientation of said snow blower head with respect to said frame when said elongated member stops being pulled onto said spool; a snow blower head angular orientation locking system having:
a first snow blower head load bearing pin;
where a support portion of said snow blower head has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin, and a front portion of said frame has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin; and
where said snow blower head angular orientation locking system is configured to maintain said snow blower head at a constant angular orientation with respect to said frame, without any connection between a terminal end of said elongated member and said snow blower head. 16. The stand-on snow blower of claim 15 wherein said elongated member has a hook coupled thereto at said terminal end. 17. The stand-on snow blower of claim 16 wherein said snow blower head further comprises a cable engaging structure disposed on a top portion of said snow blower head, where said cable engaging structure is configured to facilitate movement of said elongated member through said cable engaging structure when said winch is used for shortening a distance between an object in front of said snow blower head and said snow blower head. 18. The stand-on snow blower of claim 17 further comprising a snow blower head lifting location structure for coupling with said hook wherein said cable engaging structure is configured to facilitate movement of said elongated member by providing a plurality of rotatable cylinders disposed around rod shape portions of said cable engaging structure. 19. The stand-on snow blower of claim 18 further comprising:
a plurality of wheels including:
an unpowered right front caster, a right rear powered wheel, an unpowered left front caster and a left rear powered wheel;
where said unpowered right front caster and said unpowered left front caster are free of any connection to a steering system which changes direction of a caster thereby causing the stand-on snow blower to change direction in response thereto; and
where said right rear powered wheel and said left rear powered wheel are the only powered wheels in said plurality of wheels. 20. The stand-on snow blower of claim 19 where each of said plurality of wheels are in combination, size and configured to couple to said frame in a way that said stand-on snow blower can be driven by a motor to turn 360 degrees while each of said plurality of wheels is constantly remaining in a circle having a maximum diameter of 48 inches | A method and system is disclosed which provides for a zero turn stand-on snow blower with only two powered wheels and two free wheeling casters which provides for the ability to blow snow from narrow paths, turn around without leaving the sidewalk, automatically turn off the auger and present a shovel for performing quick detailed shoveling tasks when stepping off the snow blower.1. A method of removing snow comprises the steps of:
providing a powered stand-on snow blower having only one powered drive wheel on each of opposing rear sides of the snow blower, and a forward non-powered caster wheel at a location forward of each of the powered drive wheels; providing a snow blower disposed forward of each of said forward non-powered caster wheels; standing on the snow blower driving it down a four foot wide sidewalk while blowing the snow off the sidewalk; turning around the snow blower and driving the snow blower back over a portion of the area where the snow has just been blown off the sidewalk, without any portion of any of the two powered drive wheels or the non-powered caster wheels leaving the four foot wide sidewalk; stepping off the snow blower with an auger running; automatically turning off the engine thereby stopping the powered rotation of the auger and the powered drive wheels; automatically slightly ejecting a portion of the shovel handle from the shovel receiving bracket head portion; removing the shovel and using it to shovel an area adjacent to the area where the snow has just been blown off the sidewalk; stepping back on the switched stand-on platform and engaging the shovel with the shovel retention bracket; and re-starting the engine and continuing to drive the snow blower down the sidewalk where the snow thereon has just been removed. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of automatically slightly ejecting a portion of the shovel handle is facilitated by a spring which biases the switched stand-on platform to an elevated orientation when a person is not standing on the switched stand-on platform. 3. A stand-on snow blower comprising:
a frame; a motor supported by said frame; a snow blower head, pivotally coupled to said frame and powered by said motor; a plurality of wheels including:
an unpowered right front caster, a right rear powered wheel, an unpowered left front caster and a left rear powered wheel;
where said right rear powered wheel and said left rear powered wheel are the only powered wheels in said plurality of wheels; and
where each of said plurality of wheels are in combination, sized and configured to couple to said frame in a way that said stand-on snow blower can be driven by said motor to turn 360 degrees while each of said plurality of wheels is constantly remaining in a circle having a maximum diameter of 48 inches. 4. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a winch coupled to said frame and configured to selectively pivot said snow blower head with respect to said frame and to maintain said snow blower head at a constant angular orientation with respect to said frame. 5. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a snow blower head angular orientation locking system further comprising:
a first snow blower head load bearing pin;
where a support portion of said snow blower head has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin, and a front portion of said frame has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin; and
where said snow blower head angular orientation locking system is configured to maintain said snow blower head at a constant angular orientation with respect to said frame, without any use of said winch. 6. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a shovel retention bracket having a shovel receiving bracket head portion with a shovel receiving bracket head portion handle receiving opening therein;
said shovel receiving bracket head portion is coupled to a shovel receiving bracket longitudinal portion; and
said shovel retention bracket is centrally disposed on an abdominal pad. 7. The stand-on snow blower of claim 6 wherein said shovel retention bracket is configured to retain a shovel having a shovel longitudinal portion. 8. The stand-on snow blower of claim 7 wherein said shovel has a shovel handle configured to cooperate with said shovel receiving bracket head portion handle receiving opening. 9. The stand-on snow blower of claim 8 further comprising a stand-on platform. 10. The stand-on snow blower of claim 9 wherein, in combination, said shovel retention bracket, said shovel longitudinal portion, and said stand-on platform are configured to cause said shovel handle to slightly move upward from said shovel receiving bracket head portion when an operator of said stand-on snow blower steps off said stand-on platform. 11. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising:
a stand-on platform; and
an engine electrical system configured to turn off said motor when an operator on said stand-on snow blower steps off and either an auger in said snow blower head is running or a parking brake on said stand-on snow blower is not engaged. 12. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising: a means for transferring power from the motor to an auger in the snow blower head. 13. The stand-on snow blower of claim 12 wherein said means for transferring power from the motor to an auger in the snow blower head comprises an extendable drive shaft. 14. The stand-on snow blower of claim 3 further comprising an extendable drive shaft coupled between the motor and the snow blower head. 15. A stand-on snow blower comprising:
a frame; a snow blower head pivotally coupled to said frame; a winch coupled to said frame configured to raise said snow blower head in response to pulling an elongated member onto a spool, and to maintain a constant angular orientation of said snow blower head with respect to said frame when said elongated member stops being pulled onto said spool; a snow blower head angular orientation locking system having:
a first snow blower head load bearing pin;
where a support portion of said snow blower head has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin, and a front portion of said frame has a hole therethrough configured to receive therein said first snow blower head load bearing pin; and
where said snow blower head angular orientation locking system is configured to maintain said snow blower head at a constant angular orientation with respect to said frame, without any connection between a terminal end of said elongated member and said snow blower head. 16. The stand-on snow blower of claim 15 wherein said elongated member has a hook coupled thereto at said terminal end. 17. The stand-on snow blower of claim 16 wherein said snow blower head further comprises a cable engaging structure disposed on a top portion of said snow blower head, where said cable engaging structure is configured to facilitate movement of said elongated member through said cable engaging structure when said winch is used for shortening a distance between an object in front of said snow blower head and said snow blower head. 18. The stand-on snow blower of claim 17 further comprising a snow blower head lifting location structure for coupling with said hook wherein said cable engaging structure is configured to facilitate movement of said elongated member by providing a plurality of rotatable cylinders disposed around rod shape portions of said cable engaging structure. 19. The stand-on snow blower of claim 18 further comprising:
a plurality of wheels including:
an unpowered right front caster, a right rear powered wheel, an unpowered left front caster and a left rear powered wheel;
where said unpowered right front caster and said unpowered left front caster are free of any connection to a steering system which changes direction of a caster thereby causing the stand-on snow blower to change direction in response thereto; and
where said right rear powered wheel and said left rear powered wheel are the only powered wheels in said plurality of wheels. 20. The stand-on snow blower of claim 19 where each of said plurality of wheels are in combination, size and configured to couple to said frame in a way that said stand-on snow blower can be driven by a motor to turn 360 degrees while each of said plurality of wheels is constantly remaining in a circle having a maximum diameter of 48 inches | 3,600 |
345,652 | 16,804,077 | 3,671 | In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a pod manager. The pod manager receives receive a request for composing a target composed-node. The pod manager employs a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node. The pod manager determines to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node. The pod manager determines that the target composed-node has failed. The pod manager employs the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. | 1. A method of managing composed-nodes of a computing pod, comprising:
receiving a request for composing a target composed-node; employing a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node; determining to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node; determining that the target composed-node has failed; and employing the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of pooled hardware resources contains less hardware resources than the first set of pooled hardware resources. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the target composed-node and the backup node have a same software configuration to provide a same service. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on a same computing rack of the computing pod. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on different computing racks of the computing pod. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources each include: respective pooled compute resources, respective pooled network resources, and respective pooled storage resources. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes first pooled compute resources, first pooled network resources, and first pooled storage resources;
wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes second pooled compute resources, and second pooled network resources; wherein the backup node is built by further employing the first pooled storage resources. 8. An apparatus for managing composed-nodes of a computing pod, comprising:
a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to: receiving a request for composing a target composed-node; employing a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node; determining to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node; determining that the target composed-node has failed; and employing the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second set of pooled hardware resources contains less hardware resources than the first set of pooled hardware resources. 10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the target composed-node and the backup node have a same software configuration to provide a same service. 11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on a same computing rack of the computing pod. 12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on different computing racks of the computing pod. 13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources each include: respective pooled compute resources, respective pooled network resources, and respective pooled storage resources. 14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes first pooled compute resources, first pooled network resources, and first pooled storage resources;
wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes second pooled compute resources, and second pooled network resources; wherein the backup node is built by further employing the first pooled storage resources. 15. A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for managing composed-nodes of a computing pod, comprising code to:
receive a request for composing a target composed-node; employ a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node; determine to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node; determine that the target composed-node has failed; and employ the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. 16. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the second set of pooled hardware resources contains less hardware resources than the first set of pooled hardware resources. 17. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the target composed-node and the backup node have a same software configuration to provide a same service. 18. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on a same computing rack of the computing pod. 19. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on different computing racks of the computing pod. 20. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources each include: respective pooled compute resources, respective pooled network resources, and respective pooled storage resources. | In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a pod manager. The pod manager receives receive a request for composing a target composed-node. The pod manager employs a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node. The pod manager determines to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node. The pod manager determines that the target composed-node has failed. The pod manager employs the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node.1. A method of managing composed-nodes of a computing pod, comprising:
receiving a request for composing a target composed-node; employing a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node; determining to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node; determining that the target composed-node has failed; and employing the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of pooled hardware resources contains less hardware resources than the first set of pooled hardware resources. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the target composed-node and the backup node have a same software configuration to provide a same service. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on a same computing rack of the computing pod. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on different computing racks of the computing pod. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources each include: respective pooled compute resources, respective pooled network resources, and respective pooled storage resources. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes first pooled compute resources, first pooled network resources, and first pooled storage resources;
wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes second pooled compute resources, and second pooled network resources; wherein the backup node is built by further employing the first pooled storage resources. 8. An apparatus for managing composed-nodes of a computing pod, comprising:
a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to: receiving a request for composing a target composed-node; employing a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node; determining to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node; determining that the target composed-node has failed; and employing the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second set of pooled hardware resources contains less hardware resources than the first set of pooled hardware resources. 10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the target composed-node and the backup node have a same software configuration to provide a same service. 11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on a same computing rack of the computing pod. 12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on different computing racks of the computing pod. 13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources each include: respective pooled compute resources, respective pooled network resources, and respective pooled storage resources. 14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes first pooled compute resources, first pooled network resources, and first pooled storage resources;
wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources includes second pooled compute resources, and second pooled network resources; wherein the backup node is built by further employing the first pooled storage resources. 15. A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for managing composed-nodes of a computing pod, comprising code to:
receive a request for composing a target composed-node; employ a first set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod to build the target composed-node; determine to reserve a second set of pooled hardware resources of the computing pod for a backup node of the target composed-node; determine that the target composed-node has failed; and employ the second set of pooled hardware resources to build the backup node. 16. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the second set of pooled hardware resources contains less hardware resources than the first set of pooled hardware resources. 17. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the target composed-node and the backup node have a same software configuration to provide a same service. 18. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on a same computing rack of the computing pod. 19. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources are on different computing racks of the computing pod. 20. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first set of pooled hardware resources and the second set of pooled hardware resources each include: respective pooled compute resources, respective pooled network resources, and respective pooled storage resources. | 3,600 |
345,653 | 16,804,017 | 2,853 | Methods for fabricating three-dimensional objects by 3D-inkjet printing technology are provided. The methods utilize curable materials that polymerize via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) for fabricating the object. Systems suitable for performing these methods and kits containing modeling material formulations usable in the methods are also provided. | 1. A system for three-dimensional inkjet printing, comprising:
a plurality of inkjet printing heads, each having a plurality of separated nozzles; a controller configured for controlling said inkjet printing heads to dispense droplets of a building material formulation in layers; a working tray for carrying said layers once formed; a chamber enclosing said plurality of inkjet printing heads and said working tray, wherein said chamber is generally sealed to an environment outside the chamber and comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet; and a gas source configured for filling said chamber by an inert gas through said gas inlet. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a leveling device configured for straightening at least one of said layers, while said at least one formulation is at a cured or partially cured state. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein said leveling device comprises a milling device. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein said leveling device is a self-cleaning leveling device, wherein said cured or partially cured formulation is periodically removed from said leveling device. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein said self-cleaning leveling device comprises a double roller, having a first roller for straightening said at least one layer, and a second roller for removing said cured or partially cured formulation from said first roller. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein said first and said second rollers have patterns formed thereon, wherein a pattern formed on said first roller is complementary to a pattern formed on said second roller. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inkjet printing heads is configured to maintain a temperature of at least 25° C. but which does not exceed 65° C. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inkjet printing heads is configured to heat at least one modeling material formulation of said building material formulation prior to said dispensing, and wherein said controller is configured to ensure that a temperature within said at least one inkjet printing head is at least 25° C. but not above 65° C. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a mixing chamber for preparing at least one modeling material formulation of said building material formulation prior to entry of said at least one modeling material formulation into a respective head, wherein a position and fluid communication between said mixing chamber and said respective head is selected such that at least 80% of said at least one modeling material formulation entering said respective head remains uncured. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein said mixing chamber is attached directly to said respective head, such that motion of said respective head is accompanied by motion of said mixing chamber. 11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a ceramic radiation source for heating said building material formulation by radiation. 12. The system of claim 1, further comprising a chamber heater configured for heating said chamber, wherein said controller is further configured to maintain, within said chamber, a temperature of at least about 25° C. but no more than 65° C. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein said inert gas comprises nitrogen. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein said inert gas is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium and krypton. 15. The system of claim 1, further comprising a gas flow generating device, placed within said chamber and configured for generating a flow of said inert gas within said chamber. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein said gas flow generating device is a fan or a blower. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein said controller is further configured for generating, continuously or intermittently, inflow and outflow of said inert gas through said gas inlet and said gas outlet, respectively. 18. The system of claim 1, further comprising a working tray heater for heating said working tray. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein said gas inlet and gas outlet include valves so as to controllably allow entry and/or exit of a gas to and from said chamber. 20. The system of claim 1, further comprising a building material supply system which comprises building material containers or cartridges. | Methods for fabricating three-dimensional objects by 3D-inkjet printing technology are provided. The methods utilize curable materials that polymerize via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) for fabricating the object. Systems suitable for performing these methods and kits containing modeling material formulations usable in the methods are also provided.1. A system for three-dimensional inkjet printing, comprising:
a plurality of inkjet printing heads, each having a plurality of separated nozzles; a controller configured for controlling said inkjet printing heads to dispense droplets of a building material formulation in layers; a working tray for carrying said layers once formed; a chamber enclosing said plurality of inkjet printing heads and said working tray, wherein said chamber is generally sealed to an environment outside the chamber and comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet; and a gas source configured for filling said chamber by an inert gas through said gas inlet. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a leveling device configured for straightening at least one of said layers, while said at least one formulation is at a cured or partially cured state. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein said leveling device comprises a milling device. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein said leveling device is a self-cleaning leveling device, wherein said cured or partially cured formulation is periodically removed from said leveling device. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein said self-cleaning leveling device comprises a double roller, having a first roller for straightening said at least one layer, and a second roller for removing said cured or partially cured formulation from said first roller. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein said first and said second rollers have patterns formed thereon, wherein a pattern formed on said first roller is complementary to a pattern formed on said second roller. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inkjet printing heads is configured to maintain a temperature of at least 25° C. but which does not exceed 65° C. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inkjet printing heads is configured to heat at least one modeling material formulation of said building material formulation prior to said dispensing, and wherein said controller is configured to ensure that a temperature within said at least one inkjet printing head is at least 25° C. but not above 65° C. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a mixing chamber for preparing at least one modeling material formulation of said building material formulation prior to entry of said at least one modeling material formulation into a respective head, wherein a position and fluid communication between said mixing chamber and said respective head is selected such that at least 80% of said at least one modeling material formulation entering said respective head remains uncured. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein said mixing chamber is attached directly to said respective head, such that motion of said respective head is accompanied by motion of said mixing chamber. 11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a ceramic radiation source for heating said building material formulation by radiation. 12. The system of claim 1, further comprising a chamber heater configured for heating said chamber, wherein said controller is further configured to maintain, within said chamber, a temperature of at least about 25° C. but no more than 65° C. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein said inert gas comprises nitrogen. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein said inert gas is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium and krypton. 15. The system of claim 1, further comprising a gas flow generating device, placed within said chamber and configured for generating a flow of said inert gas within said chamber. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein said gas flow generating device is a fan or a blower. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein said controller is further configured for generating, continuously or intermittently, inflow and outflow of said inert gas through said gas inlet and said gas outlet, respectively. 18. The system of claim 1, further comprising a working tray heater for heating said working tray. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein said gas inlet and gas outlet include valves so as to controllably allow entry and/or exit of a gas to and from said chamber. 20. The system of claim 1, further comprising a building material supply system which comprises building material containers or cartridges. | 2,800 |
345,654 | 16,804,047 | 2,853 | A planar transformer includes a coil substrate including a flexible substrate and multiple coils formed on the flexible substrate. The coil substrate is formed to have coil parts and coilless parts such that the coil parts have the coils and that the coilless parts do not have the coils, and the coil substrate is folded such that at least one of the coilless parts is sandwiched between two of the coil parts. | 1. A planar transformer, comprising:
a coil substrate comprising a flexible substrate and a plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate, wherein the coil substrate is formed to have a plurality of coil parts and a plurality of coilless parts such that the coil parts have the coils and that the coilless parts do not have the coils, and the coil substrate is folded such that at least one of the coilless parts is sandwiched between two of the coil parts. 2. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of primary coils and a plurality of secondary coils and is formed on the flexible substrate such that the primary coils are stacked on the secondary coils respectively and that the two of the coil parts sandwiching the at least one of the coilless parts are a primary coil parts including one of the primary coils and a secondary coil part including one of the secondary coils. 3. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate comprises a single-piece flexible substrate. 4. The planar transformer according to claim 2, wherein the coil substrate is folded such that 2 or more of the coilless parts are sandwiched between the primary coil part and one of the secondary coil part. 5. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate has a first surface and a second surface on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the at least one coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts is formed such that the first and second surfaces of the flexible substrate between coils formed in the two of the coil parts are exposed. 6. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate has a first surface and a second surface on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the first and second surfaces of the flexible substrate in the at least one coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts are exposed. 7. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless part are formed between a first end of the flexible substrate and a second end of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, and the coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts includes the first end of the flexible substrate. 8. The planar transformer according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless part are formed between a first end of the flexible substrate and a second end of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, and the coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts includes the first end of the flexible substrate. 9. The planar transformer according to claim 8, wherein the coilless part including the first end is a first coilless part of the plurality of coilless parts, the primary coil part is formed next to the first coilless part, the secondary coil part is formed next to the primary coil part, and the coil substrate is folded such that the coil substrate is folded between the first coilless part and the primary coil part and between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part. 10. The planar transformer according to claim 8, wherein the coilless part including the first end of the flexible substrate is a first coilless part of the plurality of coilless parts, and a second coilless part of the plurality of coilless parts is formed next to the first coilless part. 11. The planar transformer according to claim 10, wherein the primary coil part is formed next to the second coilless part, and the secondary coil part is formed next to the primary coil part. 12. The planar transformer according to claim 11, wherein the flexible substrate is folded such that the flexible substrate is folded between the first coilless part and the second coilless part, between the second coilless part and the primary coil part, and between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part, and that the first coilless part and the second coilless part is sandwiched between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part. 13. The planar transformer according to claim 2, further comprising:
a plurality of input terminals; a plurality of output terminals; a plurality of input lines connecting the primary coils to the input terminals; and a plurality of output lines connecting the secondary coils to the output terminals, wherein the flexible substrate has a first end, a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end, an upper side between the first end and the second end, and a lower side on an opposite side with respect to the upper side, the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed between the first end and the second end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, the plurality of input lines is formed along the lower side, and the plurality of output lines is formed along the upper side. 14. The planar transformer according to claim 13, wherein the plurality of input lines is formed between the lower side and the plurality of coils, and the plurality of output lines is formed between the upper side and the plurality of coils. 15. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed such that a width of each of the coil parts is substantially equal to a width of each of the coilless parts. 16. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the coil substrate is folded such that 2 or more of the coilless parts are sandwiched between the two of the coil parts. 17. The planar transformer according to claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of input terminals; a plurality of output terminals; a plurality of input lines connecting the coils to the input terminals; and a plurality of output lines connecting the coils to the output terminals, wherein the flexible substrate has a first end, a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end, an upper side between the first end and the second end, and a lower side on an opposite side with respect to the upper side, the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed between the first end and the second end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, the plurality of input lines is formed along the lower side, and the plurality of output lines is formed along the upper side. 18. The planar transformer according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of input lines is formed between the lower side and the plurality of coils, and the plurality of output lines is formed between the upper side and the plurality of coils. 19. The planar transformer according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed such that a width of each of the coil parts is substantially equal to a width of each of the coilless parts. 20. The planar transformer according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed such that a width of each of the coil parts is substantially equal to a width of each of the coilless parts. | A planar transformer includes a coil substrate including a flexible substrate and multiple coils formed on the flexible substrate. The coil substrate is formed to have coil parts and coilless parts such that the coil parts have the coils and that the coilless parts do not have the coils, and the coil substrate is folded such that at least one of the coilless parts is sandwiched between two of the coil parts.1. A planar transformer, comprising:
a coil substrate comprising a flexible substrate and a plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate, wherein the coil substrate is formed to have a plurality of coil parts and a plurality of coilless parts such that the coil parts have the coils and that the coilless parts do not have the coils, and the coil substrate is folded such that at least one of the coilless parts is sandwiched between two of the coil parts. 2. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coils includes a plurality of primary coils and a plurality of secondary coils and is formed on the flexible substrate such that the primary coils are stacked on the secondary coils respectively and that the two of the coil parts sandwiching the at least one of the coilless parts are a primary coil parts including one of the primary coils and a secondary coil part including one of the secondary coils. 3. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate comprises a single-piece flexible substrate. 4. The planar transformer according to claim 2, wherein the coil substrate is folded such that 2 or more of the coilless parts are sandwiched between the primary coil part and one of the secondary coil part. 5. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate has a first surface and a second surface on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the at least one coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts is formed such that the first and second surfaces of the flexible substrate between coils formed in the two of the coil parts are exposed. 6. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate has a first surface and a second surface on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and the first and second surfaces of the flexible substrate in the at least one coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts are exposed. 7. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless part are formed between a first end of the flexible substrate and a second end of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, and the coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts includes the first end of the flexible substrate. 8. The planar transformer according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless part are formed between a first end of the flexible substrate and a second end of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, and the coilless part sandwiched between the two of the coil parts includes the first end of the flexible substrate. 9. The planar transformer according to claim 8, wherein the coilless part including the first end is a first coilless part of the plurality of coilless parts, the primary coil part is formed next to the first coilless part, the secondary coil part is formed next to the primary coil part, and the coil substrate is folded such that the coil substrate is folded between the first coilless part and the primary coil part and between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part. 10. The planar transformer according to claim 8, wherein the coilless part including the first end of the flexible substrate is a first coilless part of the plurality of coilless parts, and a second coilless part of the plurality of coilless parts is formed next to the first coilless part. 11. The planar transformer according to claim 10, wherein the primary coil part is formed next to the second coilless part, and the secondary coil part is formed next to the primary coil part. 12. The planar transformer according to claim 11, wherein the flexible substrate is folded such that the flexible substrate is folded between the first coilless part and the second coilless part, between the second coilless part and the primary coil part, and between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part, and that the first coilless part and the second coilless part is sandwiched between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part. 13. The planar transformer according to claim 2, further comprising:
a plurality of input terminals; a plurality of output terminals; a plurality of input lines connecting the primary coils to the input terminals; and a plurality of output lines connecting the secondary coils to the output terminals, wherein the flexible substrate has a first end, a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end, an upper side between the first end and the second end, and a lower side on an opposite side with respect to the upper side, the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed between the first end and the second end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, the plurality of input lines is formed along the lower side, and the plurality of output lines is formed along the upper side. 14. The planar transformer according to claim 13, wherein the plurality of input lines is formed between the lower side and the plurality of coils, and the plurality of output lines is formed between the upper side and the plurality of coils. 15. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed such that a width of each of the coil parts is substantially equal to a width of each of the coilless parts. 16. The planar transformer according to claim 1, wherein the coil substrate is folded such that 2 or more of the coilless parts are sandwiched between the two of the coil parts. 17. The planar transformer according to claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of input terminals; a plurality of output terminals; a plurality of input lines connecting the coils to the input terminals; and a plurality of output lines connecting the coils to the output terminals, wherein the flexible substrate has a first end, a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end, an upper side between the first end and the second end, and a lower side on an opposite side with respect to the upper side, the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed between the first end and the second end such that the coil parts and the coilless parts form a row, the plurality of input lines is formed along the lower side, and the plurality of output lines is formed along the upper side. 18. The planar transformer according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of input lines is formed between the lower side and the plurality of coils, and the plurality of output lines is formed between the upper side and the plurality of coils. 19. The planar transformer according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed such that a width of each of the coil parts is substantially equal to a width of each of the coilless parts. 20. The planar transformer according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of coil parts and the plurality of coilless parts are formed such that a width of each of the coil parts is substantially equal to a width of each of the coilless parts. | 2,800 |
345,655 | 16,804,041 | 2,853 | An ignition system includes a primary coil, a secondary coil, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a switch control section. The primary coil includes a first winding, and a second winding which is connected in series with the first winding. The secondary coil is connected to an ignition plug and is magnetically coupled to the primary coil. The first switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between a first terminal and a ground. The second switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between a power supply and a second terminal. The third switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between the power supply and the first terminal. The fourth switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between a contact point and the ground. The switch control section controls opening and closing of each switch to connect and disconnect the associated electrical path. | 1. An ignition system which causes an ignition plug to generate a spark discharge, the ignition system comprising:
a primary coil including a first winding, a second winding connected in series with the first winding, a first terminal located on an opposite side of the first winding from a contact point between the first winding and the second winding, and a second terminal located on an opposite side of the second winding from the contact point; a secondary coil connected to the ignition plug and magnetically coupled to the primary coil; a first switch located on a first terminal side with respect to the primary coil and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between the first terminal and a ground; a second switch located on a second terminal side with respect to the primary coil and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between a power supply and the second terminal; a third switch located on a first terminal side with respect to the first winding and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between the power supply and the first terminal; a fourth switch located on a contact point side with respect to the first winding and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between the contact point and the ground; and a switch control section for controlling opening and closing of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch to connect and disconnect the associated electrical path. 2. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the switch control section is configured to, close the first switch and the second switch with the third switch and the fourth switch kept opened to pass a current from the second terminal of the primary coil to the first terminal of the primary coil and subsequently open the first switch and the second switch to interrupt the passage of the current to the primary coil when starting the spark discharge, and close the third switch and the fourth switch to pass a current from the first terminal side to the contact point side when maintaining the spark discharge after starting the spark discharge. 3. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the switch control section is configured to alternately repeat closing the third switch and the fourth switch to pass a current from the first terminal side to the contact point side and opening the third switch and the fourth switch to stop supplying electricity from the power supply to the first winding when maintaining the spark discharge, and the ignition system further includes a recirculating mechanism, which recirculates the current to the first winding when the supply of electricity is stopped. 4. The ignition system according to claim 3, wherein
the recirculating mechanism includes a recirculation diode including an anode connected to the ground and a cathode connected between the first terminal and the first switch. 5. The ignition system according to claim 3, wherein
the recirculating mechanism includes: a recirculation diode disposed in parallel with the first winding and includes an anode connected between the fourth switch and the contact point and a cathode connected between the third switch and the first terminal, and a recirculation control switch disposed in parallel with the first winding and is connected in series with the recirculation diode. 6. The ignition system according to claim 3, wherein
the recirculating mechanism includes: a fifth switch located between the contact point and the fourth switch and which is connected in series with the fourth switch, and a recirculation diode including an anode connected between the fourth switch and the fifth switch and a cathode connected between the first terminal and the third switch. 7. The ignition system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a secondary current detection section which detects a secondary current that flows through the secondary coil, wherein the switch control section opens and closes the third switch based on the secondary current detected by the secondary current detection section when maintaining the spark discharge. 8. The ignition system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a backflow prevention diode including an anode connected to the power supply, wherein the second switch is connected to a cathode of the backflow prevention diode and is configured to receive the current from the power supply through the backflow prevention diode, and the third switch is connected to the cathode of the backflow prevention diode and is configured to receive the current from the power supply through the backflow prevention diode. 9. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
a turn ratio, which is a value obtained by dividing the number of turns of the secondary coil by the number of turns of the first winding, is configured to be larger than a voltage ratio, which is a value obtained by dividing a discharge maintaining voltage necessary for maintaining the spark discharge by an applied voltage of the power supply. 10. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
a wire diameter of the first winding is larger than a wire diameter of the second winding. 11. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the power supply, which applies a voltage to the primary coil in starting the spark discharge, is a vehicle-mounted power supply and is shared as a power supply for applying a voltage to the first winding in maintaining the spark discharge. 12. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the primary coil, the secondary coil, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the switch control section are accommodated in a casing of an ignition coil. | An ignition system includes a primary coil, a secondary coil, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a switch control section. The primary coil includes a first winding, and a second winding which is connected in series with the first winding. The secondary coil is connected to an ignition plug and is magnetically coupled to the primary coil. The first switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between a first terminal and a ground. The second switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between a power supply and a second terminal. The third switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between the power supply and the first terminal. The fourth switch connects and disconnects an electrical path between a contact point and the ground. The switch control section controls opening and closing of each switch to connect and disconnect the associated electrical path.1. An ignition system which causes an ignition plug to generate a spark discharge, the ignition system comprising:
a primary coil including a first winding, a second winding connected in series with the first winding, a first terminal located on an opposite side of the first winding from a contact point between the first winding and the second winding, and a second terminal located on an opposite side of the second winding from the contact point; a secondary coil connected to the ignition plug and magnetically coupled to the primary coil; a first switch located on a first terminal side with respect to the primary coil and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between the first terminal and a ground; a second switch located on a second terminal side with respect to the primary coil and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between a power supply and the second terminal; a third switch located on a first terminal side with respect to the first winding and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between the power supply and the first terminal; a fourth switch located on a contact point side with respect to the first winding and which connects and disconnects an electrical path between the contact point and the ground; and a switch control section for controlling opening and closing of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch to connect and disconnect the associated electrical path. 2. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the switch control section is configured to, close the first switch and the second switch with the third switch and the fourth switch kept opened to pass a current from the second terminal of the primary coil to the first terminal of the primary coil and subsequently open the first switch and the second switch to interrupt the passage of the current to the primary coil when starting the spark discharge, and close the third switch and the fourth switch to pass a current from the first terminal side to the contact point side when maintaining the spark discharge after starting the spark discharge. 3. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the switch control section is configured to alternately repeat closing the third switch and the fourth switch to pass a current from the first terminal side to the contact point side and opening the third switch and the fourth switch to stop supplying electricity from the power supply to the first winding when maintaining the spark discharge, and the ignition system further includes a recirculating mechanism, which recirculates the current to the first winding when the supply of electricity is stopped. 4. The ignition system according to claim 3, wherein
the recirculating mechanism includes a recirculation diode including an anode connected to the ground and a cathode connected between the first terminal and the first switch. 5. The ignition system according to claim 3, wherein
the recirculating mechanism includes: a recirculation diode disposed in parallel with the first winding and includes an anode connected between the fourth switch and the contact point and a cathode connected between the third switch and the first terminal, and a recirculation control switch disposed in parallel with the first winding and is connected in series with the recirculation diode. 6. The ignition system according to claim 3, wherein
the recirculating mechanism includes: a fifth switch located between the contact point and the fourth switch and which is connected in series with the fourth switch, and a recirculation diode including an anode connected between the fourth switch and the fifth switch and a cathode connected between the first terminal and the third switch. 7. The ignition system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a secondary current detection section which detects a secondary current that flows through the secondary coil, wherein the switch control section opens and closes the third switch based on the secondary current detected by the secondary current detection section when maintaining the spark discharge. 8. The ignition system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a backflow prevention diode including an anode connected to the power supply, wherein the second switch is connected to a cathode of the backflow prevention diode and is configured to receive the current from the power supply through the backflow prevention diode, and the third switch is connected to the cathode of the backflow prevention diode and is configured to receive the current from the power supply through the backflow prevention diode. 9. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
a turn ratio, which is a value obtained by dividing the number of turns of the secondary coil by the number of turns of the first winding, is configured to be larger than a voltage ratio, which is a value obtained by dividing a discharge maintaining voltage necessary for maintaining the spark discharge by an applied voltage of the power supply. 10. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
a wire diameter of the first winding is larger than a wire diameter of the second winding. 11. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the power supply, which applies a voltage to the primary coil in starting the spark discharge, is a vehicle-mounted power supply and is shared as a power supply for applying a voltage to the first winding in maintaining the spark discharge. 12. The ignition system according to claim 1, wherein
the primary coil, the secondary coil, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the switch control section are accommodated in a casing of an ignition coil. | 2,800 |
345,656 | 16,804,054 | 2,667 | Image processing using a machine learning model is enabled, thereby accurately reducing noise to improve image quality. A medical image is acquired; and it is evaluated whether noise in the medical image exceeds a predetermined reference value. A noise reducer reduces the noise of the medical image that has been determined to include noise that exceeds the reference value. The noise of the medical image is reduced using a machine learning model constructed by collecting a plurality of learning data sets that include an image with noise as input data and an image without noise as output data. The machine learning model includes a plurality of layers that perform convolution on an image that is input, one layer of which includes a filter layer in which a plurality of linear or nonlinear filters are incorporated, and convolution coefficients of the plurality of linear or nonlinear filters are predetermined. | 1. A medical imaging apparatus, comprising:
an imaging device that acquires a medical image; and an image processor that carries out convolution processing on the medical image; wherein the image processor includes
a storage unit that stores a plurality of sets of predetermined convolution coefficients and a weighting factor of each of the sets of convolution coefficients, and
a calculation unit that carries out calculation of the convolution processing using the sets of convolution coefficients and the weighting factors thereof that are stored in the storage unit,
wherein image quality is improved by the convolution processing. 2. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit includes a plurality of sets of convolution coefficients calculated by a learning model that includes a plurality of layers, the learning model being learned on the basis of a data set that includes a high-noise image as input data and a low-noise image as output data. 3. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein one layer of the learning model includes a filter layer in which a plurality of predetermined linear or nonlinear filters is incorporated. 4. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the filter layer is a first layer. 5. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the learning model includes convolution coefficients calculated by learning using, as an initial value, a filter in which a plurality of predetermined linear or nonlinear filters is incorporated. 6. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the image processor includes:
a noise evaluator that evaluates whether noise in the medical image exceeds a predetermined reference value, and
a noise reducer that reduces the noise of the medical image that has been determined, by the noise evaluator, to include noise that exceeds the reference value, wherein
the noise reducer reduces the noise of the medical image using the learning model. 7. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising:
an image quality evaluator that evaluates the medical image subjected to noise reduction processing by the noise reducer, wherein the image quality evaluator generates at least one of an image processing map that expresses content of the noise reduction processing carried out by the noise reducer and an image quality map in which an image quality evaluation index is mapped. 8. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:
the storage unit includes a plurality of learning models learned on the basis of a plurality of types of image learning data sets, and the image quality evaluator selects an appropriate learning model from the plurality of learning models using at least one of the image processing map and the image quality map, and the noise reducer applies the learning model that is selected and carries out the noise reduction processing. 9. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:
the storage unit includes a plurality of learning models learned on the basis of a plurality of types of image learning data sets, and the medical imaging apparatus further comprises a display that displays at least one of the image processing map and the image quality map, and an adjuster that receives, via the display, an adjustment of an image processing balance by a user, wherein
the noise reducer selects, in accordance with the adjustment by the user, an appropriate learning model from the plurality of learning models, applies the learning model that is selected, and carries out the noise reduction processing. 10. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medical image is three-dimensional volume data. 11. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the medical imaging apparatus is a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, and the image processor carries out image reconstruction using k space data acquired by the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus. 12. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the storage unit includes a plurality of sets of convolution coefficients calculated by a learning model that includes a plurality of layers, the learning model being learned on the basis of a data set that includes a high-noise image acquired by undersampling as input data and a low-noise image that is full sampled as output data. 13. A medical image processing device, comprising:
a medical image acquirer that acquires a medical image; an image processor that carries out convolution processing on the medical image; and a storage unit that stores a plurality of sets of predetermined convolution coefficients and a weighting factor of each of the sets of convolution coefficients; wherein the storage unit includes a plurality of sets of convolution coefficients calculated by a learning model that includes a plurality of layers, the learning model being learned on the basis of a data set that includes a high-noise image as input data and a low-noise image as output data, one layer of the learning model includes a filter layer in which a plurality of predetermined linear or nonlinear filters is incorporated, and image quality is improved by convolution processing of the plurality of sets of convolution coefficients stored in the storage unit. 14. A medical image processing program configured to cause a computer to execute:
a medical image acquisition step to acquire a medical image; a noise evaluation step to evaluate whether noise in the medical image exceeds a predetermined reference value; and for the medical image that has been determined by the noise evaluator to include noise that exceeds the reference value, a step of reducing the noise of the medical image using a machine learning model constructed by collecting a plurality of learning data sets that include an image with noise as input data and an image without noise as output data, the machine learning model including a plurality of layers that perform convolution on an image that is input, one layer of the plurality of layers including a filter layer in which a plurality of linear or nonlinear filters are incorporated, a weighting factor of each pixel of the plurality of linear or nonlinear filters being predetermined. | Image processing using a machine learning model is enabled, thereby accurately reducing noise to improve image quality. A medical image is acquired; and it is evaluated whether noise in the medical image exceeds a predetermined reference value. A noise reducer reduces the noise of the medical image that has been determined to include noise that exceeds the reference value. The noise of the medical image is reduced using a machine learning model constructed by collecting a plurality of learning data sets that include an image with noise as input data and an image without noise as output data. The machine learning model includes a plurality of layers that perform convolution on an image that is input, one layer of which includes a filter layer in which a plurality of linear or nonlinear filters are incorporated, and convolution coefficients of the plurality of linear or nonlinear filters are predetermined.1. A medical imaging apparatus, comprising:
an imaging device that acquires a medical image; and an image processor that carries out convolution processing on the medical image; wherein the image processor includes
a storage unit that stores a plurality of sets of predetermined convolution coefficients and a weighting factor of each of the sets of convolution coefficients, and
a calculation unit that carries out calculation of the convolution processing using the sets of convolution coefficients and the weighting factors thereof that are stored in the storage unit,
wherein image quality is improved by the convolution processing. 2. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit includes a plurality of sets of convolution coefficients calculated by a learning model that includes a plurality of layers, the learning model being learned on the basis of a data set that includes a high-noise image as input data and a low-noise image as output data. 3. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein one layer of the learning model includes a filter layer in which a plurality of predetermined linear or nonlinear filters is incorporated. 4. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the filter layer is a first layer. 5. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the learning model includes convolution coefficients calculated by learning using, as an initial value, a filter in which a plurality of predetermined linear or nonlinear filters is incorporated. 6. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the image processor includes:
a noise evaluator that evaluates whether noise in the medical image exceeds a predetermined reference value, and
a noise reducer that reduces the noise of the medical image that has been determined, by the noise evaluator, to include noise that exceeds the reference value, wherein
the noise reducer reduces the noise of the medical image using the learning model. 7. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising:
an image quality evaluator that evaluates the medical image subjected to noise reduction processing by the noise reducer, wherein the image quality evaluator generates at least one of an image processing map that expresses content of the noise reduction processing carried out by the noise reducer and an image quality map in which an image quality evaluation index is mapped. 8. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:
the storage unit includes a plurality of learning models learned on the basis of a plurality of types of image learning data sets, and the image quality evaluator selects an appropriate learning model from the plurality of learning models using at least one of the image processing map and the image quality map, and the noise reducer applies the learning model that is selected and carries out the noise reduction processing. 9. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:
the storage unit includes a plurality of learning models learned on the basis of a plurality of types of image learning data sets, and the medical imaging apparatus further comprises a display that displays at least one of the image processing map and the image quality map, and an adjuster that receives, via the display, an adjustment of an image processing balance by a user, wherein
the noise reducer selects, in accordance with the adjustment by the user, an appropriate learning model from the plurality of learning models, applies the learning model that is selected, and carries out the noise reduction processing. 10. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medical image is three-dimensional volume data. 11. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the medical imaging apparatus is a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, and the image processor carries out image reconstruction using k space data acquired by the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus. 12. The medical imaging apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the storage unit includes a plurality of sets of convolution coefficients calculated by a learning model that includes a plurality of layers, the learning model being learned on the basis of a data set that includes a high-noise image acquired by undersampling as input data and a low-noise image that is full sampled as output data. 13. A medical image processing device, comprising:
a medical image acquirer that acquires a medical image; an image processor that carries out convolution processing on the medical image; and a storage unit that stores a plurality of sets of predetermined convolution coefficients and a weighting factor of each of the sets of convolution coefficients; wherein the storage unit includes a plurality of sets of convolution coefficients calculated by a learning model that includes a plurality of layers, the learning model being learned on the basis of a data set that includes a high-noise image as input data and a low-noise image as output data, one layer of the learning model includes a filter layer in which a plurality of predetermined linear or nonlinear filters is incorporated, and image quality is improved by convolution processing of the plurality of sets of convolution coefficients stored in the storage unit. 14. A medical image processing program configured to cause a computer to execute:
a medical image acquisition step to acquire a medical image; a noise evaluation step to evaluate whether noise in the medical image exceeds a predetermined reference value; and for the medical image that has been determined by the noise evaluator to include noise that exceeds the reference value, a step of reducing the noise of the medical image using a machine learning model constructed by collecting a plurality of learning data sets that include an image with noise as input data and an image without noise as output data, the machine learning model including a plurality of layers that perform convolution on an image that is input, one layer of the plurality of layers including a filter layer in which a plurality of linear or nonlinear filters are incorporated, a weighting factor of each pixel of the plurality of linear or nonlinear filters being predetermined. | 2,600 |
345,657 | 16,804,016 | 2,667 | Embodiments describe an approach for dynamically aligning the computing device's display area with a user's visual focus by analyzing a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area. Responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, embodiments describe determining the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus. Additionally, embodiments describe activating a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus, and aligning the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. | 1. A computer-implemented method for dynamically aligning a computing device's display area with a user's visual focus, the method comprising:
analyzing a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area; responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, determining the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus; activating a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus; and aligning the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining the user's current situation, wherein determining the user's current situation comprises:
analyzing video feed from a camera component;
analyzing captured user data from one or more sensors; and
identifying the user's current situation based on the analyzed video feed and the captured user data. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving force-based feedback from the user while the robotic assembly un-collapses; and learning user preferences based on the received force-based feedback. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein a first end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to the display area and a second end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to a computing device and the robotic assembly collapses and un-collapses the display area with respect to the computing device based on the user's current situation, wherein the robotic assembly comprises 6 degrees of freedom. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, further comprising:
displaying a responsive prompt asking the user if the robotic assembly should be un-collapsed. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
issuing a notification to the user announcing that robotic assembly is being un-collapsed, wherein the issued notification has a predetermined amount of time for the user to cancel the un-collapsing of robotic assembly. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
confirming that the target area is aligned with the user's visual focus by communicating with one or more smart contact lenses worn by the user. 8. A computer program product for dynamically aligning a computing device's display area with a user's visual focus, the computer program product comprising:
one or more computer readable storage devices and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to analyze a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area;
responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, program instructions to determine the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus;
program instructions to activate a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus; and
program instructions to align the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to determine the user's current situation, wherein determining the user's current situation comprises:
program instructions to analyze video feed from a camera component;
program instructions to analyze captured user data from one or more sensors; and
program instructions to identify the user's current situation based on the analyzed video feed and the captured user data. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to receive force-based feedback from the user while the robotic assembly un-collapses; and program instructions to learn user preferences based on the received force-based feedback. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein a first end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to the display area and a second end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to a computing device and the robotic assembly collapses and un-collapses the display area with respect to the computing device based on the user's current situation, wherein the robotic assembly comprises 6 degrees of freedom. 12. The computer program product of claim 11, further comprising:
program instructions to display a responsive prompt asking the user if the robotic assembly should be un-collapsed. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to issue a notification to the user announcing that robotic assembly is being un-collapsed, wherein the issued notification has a predetermined amount of time for the user to cancel the un-collapsing of robotic assembly. 14. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to confirm that the target area is aligned with the user's visual focus by communicating with one or more smart contact lenses worn by the user. 15. A computer system for dynamically aligning a computing device's display area with a user's visual focus, the computer system comprising:
one or more computer processors; one or more computer readable storage devices; program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices for execution by at least one of the one or more computer processors, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to analyze a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area;
responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, program instructions to determine the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus;
program instructions to activate a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus; and
program instructions to align the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. 16. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to determine the user's current situation, wherein determining the user's current situation comprises:
program instructions to analyze video feed from a camera component;
program instructions to analyze captured user data from one or more sensors; and
program instructions to identify the user's current situation based on the analyzed video feed and the captured user data. 17. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to receive force-based feedback from the user while the robotic assembly un-collapses; and program instructions to learn user preferences based on the received force-based feedback. 18. The computer system of claim 15, wherein a first end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to the display area and a second end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to a computing device and the robotic assembly collapses and un-collapses the display area with respect to the computing device based on the user's current situation, wherein the robotic assembly comprises 6 degrees of freedom; and
program instructions to display a responsive prompt asking the user if the robotic assembly should be un-collapsed. 19. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to issue a notification to the user announcing that robotic assembly is being un-collapsed, wherein the issued notification has a predetermined amount of time for the user to cancel the un-collapsing of robotic assembly. 20. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to confirm that the target area is aligned with the user's visual focus by communicating with one or more smart contact lenses worn by the user. | Embodiments describe an approach for dynamically aligning the computing device's display area with a user's visual focus by analyzing a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area. Responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, embodiments describe determining the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus. Additionally, embodiments describe activating a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus, and aligning the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range.1. A computer-implemented method for dynamically aligning a computing device's display area with a user's visual focus, the method comprising:
analyzing a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area; responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, determining the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus; activating a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus; and aligning the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining the user's current situation, wherein determining the user's current situation comprises:
analyzing video feed from a camera component;
analyzing captured user data from one or more sensors; and
identifying the user's current situation based on the analyzed video feed and the captured user data. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving force-based feedback from the user while the robotic assembly un-collapses; and learning user preferences based on the received force-based feedback. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein a first end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to the display area and a second end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to a computing device and the robotic assembly collapses and un-collapses the display area with respect to the computing device based on the user's current situation, wherein the robotic assembly comprises 6 degrees of freedom. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, further comprising:
displaying a responsive prompt asking the user if the robotic assembly should be un-collapsed. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
issuing a notification to the user announcing that robotic assembly is being un-collapsed, wherein the issued notification has a predetermined amount of time for the user to cancel the un-collapsing of robotic assembly. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
confirming that the target area is aligned with the user's visual focus by communicating with one or more smart contact lenses worn by the user. 8. A computer program product for dynamically aligning a computing device's display area with a user's visual focus, the computer program product comprising:
one or more computer readable storage devices and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to analyze a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area;
responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, program instructions to determine the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus;
program instructions to activate a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus; and
program instructions to align the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to determine the user's current situation, wherein determining the user's current situation comprises:
program instructions to analyze video feed from a camera component;
program instructions to analyze captured user data from one or more sensors; and
program instructions to identify the user's current situation based on the analyzed video feed and the captured user data. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to receive force-based feedback from the user while the robotic assembly un-collapses; and program instructions to learn user preferences based on the received force-based feedback. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein a first end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to the display area and a second end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to a computing device and the robotic assembly collapses and un-collapses the display area with respect to the computing device based on the user's current situation, wherein the robotic assembly comprises 6 degrees of freedom. 12. The computer program product of claim 11, further comprising:
program instructions to display a responsive prompt asking the user if the robotic assembly should be un-collapsed. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to issue a notification to the user announcing that robotic assembly is being un-collapsed, wherein the issued notification has a predetermined amount of time for the user to cancel the un-collapsing of robotic assembly. 14. The computer program product of claim 8, further comprising:
program instructions to confirm that the target area is aligned with the user's visual focus by communicating with one or more smart contact lenses worn by the user. 15. A computer system for dynamically aligning a computing device's display area with a user's visual focus, the computer system comprising:
one or more computer processors; one or more computer readable storage devices; program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices for execution by at least one of the one or more computer processors, the stored program instructions comprising:
program instructions to analyze a direction of a display area and a user's visual focus, wherein the display area comprises a target area;
responsive to receiving one or more notifications or a voice command from a user, program instructions to determine the target area is not aligned with the user's visual focus;
program instructions to activate a robotic assembly to align the target area with the user's visual focus; and
program instructions to align the target area with the user's visual focus based on a user's current situation, wherein aligning causes the target area and a user's line of visual focus to overlap within a predetermined angular range. 16. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to determine the user's current situation, wherein determining the user's current situation comprises:
program instructions to analyze video feed from a camera component;
program instructions to analyze captured user data from one or more sensors; and
program instructions to identify the user's current situation based on the analyzed video feed and the captured user data. 17. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to receive force-based feedback from the user while the robotic assembly un-collapses; and program instructions to learn user preferences based on the received force-based feedback. 18. The computer system of claim 15, wherein a first end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to the display area and a second end of the robotic assembly is electrically coupled to a computing device and the robotic assembly collapses and un-collapses the display area with respect to the computing device based on the user's current situation, wherein the robotic assembly comprises 6 degrees of freedom; and
program instructions to display a responsive prompt asking the user if the robotic assembly should be un-collapsed. 19. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to issue a notification to the user announcing that robotic assembly is being un-collapsed, wherein the issued notification has a predetermined amount of time for the user to cancel the un-collapsing of robotic assembly. 20. The computer system of claim 15, further comprising:
program instructions to confirm that the target area is aligned with the user's visual focus by communicating with one or more smart contact lenses worn by the user. | 2,600 |
345,658 | 16,804,043 | 2,667 | A vehicle control device includes a vicinity situation recognizer configured to recognize a vicinity situation of a vehicle, and a driving controller configured to perform driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of a vicinity situation recognized by the vicinity situation recognizer, in which, in automated entrance processing for causing the vehicle to enter a parking lot with the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied, and cause the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance per unit time is longer than with the first behavior. | 1. A vehicle control device comprising:
a vicinity situation recognizer configured to recognize a vicinity situation of a vehicle; and a driving controller configured to perform driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of the vicinity situation recognized by the vicinity situation recognizer, wherein, in processing of the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started after the predetermined event to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied, and cause the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance of the vehicle per unit time is longer than with the first behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed. 2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the predetermined event is an event in which one or more users of the vehicle get off the vehicle, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel with the first behavior in the first predetermined period and cause the vehicle to travel with the second behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed in automated entrance processing for causing the vehicle to enter a parking lot with the driving control after the predetermined event, the first behavior is a behavior in which the vehicle travels at a first speed, and the second behavior is a behavior in which the vehicle travels at a second speed higher than the first speed. 3. The vehicle control device according to claim 2,
wherein, when a second predetermined period has elapsed from a time at which a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users have got off the vehicle, when a vehicle has moved from a position at which a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users have got off to a predetermined position, or when a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users are not recognized by the vicinity situation recognizer, the driving controller determines that the predetermined condition has been satisfied. 4. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein, when a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users are in a predetermined state in the first predetermined period, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to execute an action different from that when not in the predetermined state. 5. The vehicle control device according to claim 4,
wherein the predetermined state is a state (hereinafter, a first state) in which at least one user among the one or more users has performed a predetermined gesture, a state (hereinafter, a second state) in which at least one user among the one or more users falls to a ground and is in a prone state in a third predetermined period or more, or a state (hereinafter, a third state) in which at least one user among the one or more users is estimated to be damaged by a person different from the one or more user or an object. 6. The vehicle control device according to claim 5,
wherein the driving controller, in the first state, is configured to cause the vehicle to continue traveling, cause the vehicle to further travel in a predetermined route, and cause the vehicle to return to near a position at which the user is present. 7. The vehicle control device according to claim 5,
wherein the predetermined gesture is a gesture indicating that the user has left something in the vehicle or a gesture calling the vehicle back. 8. The vehicle control device according to claim 5, further comprising:
a communicator configured to communicate with a predetermined terminal device, wherein the driving controller is configured transmit information on the predetermined state to the predetermined terminal device using the communicator when the user is in any predetermined state among the second state or the third state. 9. The vehicle control device according to claim 5,
wherein the driving controller is configured to cause an outputter that is configured to output information to output information on the predetermined state when the user is in any predetermined state among the second state or the third state. 10. The vehicle control device according to claim 2,
wherein the vicinity situation recognizer is configured to continue processing of monitoring the one or more users in the first predetermined period in the automated entrance processing. 11. The vehicle control device according to claim 2,
wherein the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel at the first speed in the first predetermined period, and cause the vehicle to travel at the second speed higher than the first speed after the first predetermined period has elapsed in automated entrance processing for causing the vehicle to enter the parking lot by the driving control after only a driver gets on the vehicle and the driver gets off the vehicle. 12. A monitoring system comprising:
the vehicle control device according to claim 1, and a monitor configured to monitor an action of a user on the basis of an image captured by an imager that captures an image of the user who gets off the vehicle, wherein, when the monitor recognizes that the user is in a predetermined state, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to execute an action different from when not in the predetermined state. 13. A vehicle control method comprising:
by one or more control device, recognizing a vicinity situation of a vehicle; performing driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of the recognized vicinity situation, causing the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started after the predetermined event to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied, and causing the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance per unit time is longer than with the first behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed in processing of the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle. 14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program to be executed by a computer to perform at least:
recognize a vicinity situation of a vehicle; perform driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of the recognized vicinity situation, cause the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started after the predetermined event to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied; and cause the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance per unit time is longer than with the first behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed in processing of the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle. | A vehicle control device includes a vicinity situation recognizer configured to recognize a vicinity situation of a vehicle, and a driving controller configured to perform driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of a vicinity situation recognized by the vicinity situation recognizer, in which, in automated entrance processing for causing the vehicle to enter a parking lot with the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied, and cause the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance per unit time is longer than with the first behavior.1. A vehicle control device comprising:
a vicinity situation recognizer configured to recognize a vicinity situation of a vehicle; and a driving controller configured to perform driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of the vicinity situation recognized by the vicinity situation recognizer, wherein, in processing of the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started after the predetermined event to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied, and cause the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance of the vehicle per unit time is longer than with the first behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed. 2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1,
wherein the predetermined event is an event in which one or more users of the vehicle get off the vehicle, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel with the first behavior in the first predetermined period and cause the vehicle to travel with the second behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed in automated entrance processing for causing the vehicle to enter a parking lot with the driving control after the predetermined event, the first behavior is a behavior in which the vehicle travels at a first speed, and the second behavior is a behavior in which the vehicle travels at a second speed higher than the first speed. 3. The vehicle control device according to claim 2,
wherein, when a second predetermined period has elapsed from a time at which a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users have got off the vehicle, when a vehicle has moved from a position at which a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users have got off to a predetermined position, or when a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users are not recognized by the vicinity situation recognizer, the driving controller determines that the predetermined condition has been satisfied. 4. The vehicle control device according to claim 3,
wherein, when a predetermined user or all users among the one or more users are in a predetermined state in the first predetermined period, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to execute an action different from that when not in the predetermined state. 5. The vehicle control device according to claim 4,
wherein the predetermined state is a state (hereinafter, a first state) in which at least one user among the one or more users has performed a predetermined gesture, a state (hereinafter, a second state) in which at least one user among the one or more users falls to a ground and is in a prone state in a third predetermined period or more, or a state (hereinafter, a third state) in which at least one user among the one or more users is estimated to be damaged by a person different from the one or more user or an object. 6. The vehicle control device according to claim 5,
wherein the driving controller, in the first state, is configured to cause the vehicle to continue traveling, cause the vehicle to further travel in a predetermined route, and cause the vehicle to return to near a position at which the user is present. 7. The vehicle control device according to claim 5,
wherein the predetermined gesture is a gesture indicating that the user has left something in the vehicle or a gesture calling the vehicle back. 8. The vehicle control device according to claim 5, further comprising:
a communicator configured to communicate with a predetermined terminal device, wherein the driving controller is configured transmit information on the predetermined state to the predetermined terminal device using the communicator when the user is in any predetermined state among the second state or the third state. 9. The vehicle control device according to claim 5,
wherein the driving controller is configured to cause an outputter that is configured to output information to output information on the predetermined state when the user is in any predetermined state among the second state or the third state. 10. The vehicle control device according to claim 2,
wherein the vicinity situation recognizer is configured to continue processing of monitoring the one or more users in the first predetermined period in the automated entrance processing. 11. The vehicle control device according to claim 2,
wherein the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to travel at the first speed in the first predetermined period, and cause the vehicle to travel at the second speed higher than the first speed after the first predetermined period has elapsed in automated entrance processing for causing the vehicle to enter the parking lot by the driving control after only a driver gets on the vehicle and the driver gets off the vehicle. 12. A monitoring system comprising:
the vehicle control device according to claim 1, and a monitor configured to monitor an action of a user on the basis of an image captured by an imager that captures an image of the user who gets off the vehicle, wherein, when the monitor recognizes that the user is in a predetermined state, the driving controller is configured to cause the vehicle to execute an action different from when not in the predetermined state. 13. A vehicle control method comprising:
by one or more control device, recognizing a vicinity situation of a vehicle; performing driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of the recognized vicinity situation, causing the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started after the predetermined event to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied, and causing the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance per unit time is longer than with the first behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed in processing of the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle. 14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program to be executed by a computer to perform at least:
recognize a vicinity situation of a vehicle; perform driving control on steering and acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle on the basis of the recognized vicinity situation, cause the vehicle to travel with a first behavior in a first predetermined period from a first timing at which the vehicle has started after the predetermined event to a second timing at which a predetermined condition is satisfied; and cause the vehicle to travel with a second behavior in which a proceeding distance per unit time is longer than with the first behavior after the first predetermined period has elapsed in processing of the driving control after a predetermined event of the vehicle. | 2,600 |
345,659 | 16,804,059 | 3,771 | A manually formable member applies a lateral force to each of the nostrils to reduce or prevent the lateral (side) walls of the nose from collapsing inwardly when the wearer inhales. A first end of the breathing accessory is placed in one nostril, and the opposite end is placed within a second or opposite nostril. An arcuate portion of the breathing accessory is positioned over the bridge of the wearer's nose to hold the device in place. The breathing accessory is so constructed of a formable member that can be manually manipulated to a desired shape to provide a custom fit for the wearer. | 1. A breathing accessory, comprising
a manually formable member, the manually formable member comprising a first end and a second end, wherein a portion of the manually formable member that is proximate to the first end and a portion of the manually formable member that is proximate to the second end are formed in an arcuate shape with the first end of the manually formable member substantially touching the portion of the manually formable member that is near the first end and the second end of the manually formable member substantially touching the portion of the manually formable member that is near the second end, the manually formable member comprising an arcuate mid-section that is so constructed and arranged to receive a bridge of a wearer's nose within the arcuate mid-section of the manually formable member. 2. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the manually formable member comprises a first concave section that is positioned between the first end and the arcuate mid-section of the manually formable member and a second concave section that is positioned between the second end and the arcuate mid-section of the manually formable member. 3. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein, in use, the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged to apply resistance to a lateral wall of a first nostril and resistance to a lateral wall of a second nostril. 4. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein, in use, the first end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a first nostril and applies resistance to a lateral wall of the first nostril and the second end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a second nostril and applies resistance to a lateral wall of the second nostril. 5. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the manually formable member comprises a length of wire. 6. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the manually formable member comprises a length of wire coated with plastic. 7. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the portion of the manually formable member that is proximate the first end is so constructed and arranged to fit within a first nostril of a wearer and the portion of the manually formable member that is proximate the second end is so constructed and arranged to fit within a second nostril of a wearer. 8. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the arcuate mid-section that is so constructed and arranged to receive a bridge of a wearer's nose comprises a pad. 9. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein, in use, the first end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a first nostril and applies a force and resistance to a lateral wall of the first nostril and the second end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a second nostril and applies force and resistance to a lateral wall of the second nostril. | A manually formable member applies a lateral force to each of the nostrils to reduce or prevent the lateral (side) walls of the nose from collapsing inwardly when the wearer inhales. A first end of the breathing accessory is placed in one nostril, and the opposite end is placed within a second or opposite nostril. An arcuate portion of the breathing accessory is positioned over the bridge of the wearer's nose to hold the device in place. The breathing accessory is so constructed of a formable member that can be manually manipulated to a desired shape to provide a custom fit for the wearer.1. A breathing accessory, comprising
a manually formable member, the manually formable member comprising a first end and a second end, wherein a portion of the manually formable member that is proximate to the first end and a portion of the manually formable member that is proximate to the second end are formed in an arcuate shape with the first end of the manually formable member substantially touching the portion of the manually formable member that is near the first end and the second end of the manually formable member substantially touching the portion of the manually formable member that is near the second end, the manually formable member comprising an arcuate mid-section that is so constructed and arranged to receive a bridge of a wearer's nose within the arcuate mid-section of the manually formable member. 2. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the manually formable member comprises a first concave section that is positioned between the first end and the arcuate mid-section of the manually formable member and a second concave section that is positioned between the second end and the arcuate mid-section of the manually formable member. 3. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein, in use, the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged to apply resistance to a lateral wall of a first nostril and resistance to a lateral wall of a second nostril. 4. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein, in use, the first end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a first nostril and applies resistance to a lateral wall of the first nostril and the second end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a second nostril and applies resistance to a lateral wall of the second nostril. 5. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the manually formable member comprises a length of wire. 6. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the manually formable member comprises a length of wire coated with plastic. 7. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the portion of the manually formable member that is proximate the first end is so constructed and arranged to fit within a first nostril of a wearer and the portion of the manually formable member that is proximate the second end is so constructed and arranged to fit within a second nostril of a wearer. 8. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein the arcuate mid-section that is so constructed and arranged to receive a bridge of a wearer's nose comprises a pad. 9. A breathing accessory as described in claim 1, wherein, in use, the first end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a first nostril and applies a force and resistance to a lateral wall of the first nostril and the second end of the manually formable member is so constructed and arranged for positioning in a second nostril and applies force and resistance to a lateral wall of the second nostril. | 3,700 |
345,660 | 16,643,502 | 3,771 | Based on the identification of IL-33 as an exacerbating factor in endometriosis and adenomyosis uteri, a therapeutic agent for endometriosis and adenomyosis uteri has an IL-33 antagonist, which is capable of inhibiting the function of IL-33. The IL-33 antagonist is useful for treating, preventing or alleviating endometriosis and uterine adenomyosis uteri. | 1. A therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri comprising an IL-33 antagonist as an active ingredient. 2. The therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein said agent alleviates the pain of endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri. 3. The therapeutic agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said agent inhibits the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts) in endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri. 4. The therapeutic agent according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said agent inhibits angiogenesis in ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts) of endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri. 5. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said agent inhibits fibrosis or cell proliferation in ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts). 6. The therapeutic agent according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said agent inhibits adhesion of ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts) in endometriosis to various organs. 7. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the IL-33 antagonist is anti-IL-33 antibody, anti-IL-33 receptor antibody or soluble IL-33 receptor. 8. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to claim 7, wherein the IL-33 antibody is A10-1C04, A23-1A05, A25-2C02, A25-3H04 or A26-1F02. 9. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to claim 7, wherein the soluble IL-33 receptor is sST2-Fc. | Based on the identification of IL-33 as an exacerbating factor in endometriosis and adenomyosis uteri, a therapeutic agent for endometriosis and adenomyosis uteri has an IL-33 antagonist, which is capable of inhibiting the function of IL-33. The IL-33 antagonist is useful for treating, preventing or alleviating endometriosis and uterine adenomyosis uteri.1. A therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri comprising an IL-33 antagonist as an active ingredient. 2. The therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein said agent alleviates the pain of endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri. 3. The therapeutic agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said agent inhibits the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts) in endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri. 4. The therapeutic agent according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said agent inhibits angiogenesis in ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts) of endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri. 5. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said agent inhibits fibrosis or cell proliferation in ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts). 6. The therapeutic agent according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said agent inhibits adhesion of ectopic endometrial tissue (including cysts) in endometriosis to various organs. 7. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the IL-33 antagonist is anti-IL-33 antibody, anti-IL-33 receptor antibody or soluble IL-33 receptor. 8. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to claim 7, wherein the IL-33 antibody is A10-1C04, A23-1A05, A25-2C02, A25-3H04 or A26-1F02. 9. The therapeutic agent for endometriosis or adenomyosis uteri according to claim 7, wherein the soluble IL-33 receptor is sST2-Fc. | 3,700 |
345,661 | 16,804,079 | 3,771 | Disclosed herein are systems and methods for replicating data across deployments in a routing constrained environment. To replicate data, a processor may detect a modification that changes data for a source entity within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application. The processor may then update a target environment hosting a target deployment of the application to mirror the modification within the source environment. To update the target environment, the processor may generate a mapping artifact that identifies the source entity having changed data and the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data. The processor may then create a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity. To replicate data, the one or more compute instances may execute a mapping script that replicates the changed data from the source entity in the target entity by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. | 1. A computer implemented method of replicating data across deployments in a routing constrained environment, the method comprising:
detecting a modification within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application, wherein the detected modification changes data for a source entity included in the source deployment; and updating a target environment hosting a target deployment of the application to mirror the modification within the source environment by:
generating a mapping artifact comprising a piece of route information for the source entity having changed data and a piece of route information for the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data;
creating a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity; and
executing, by the one or more compute instances, a mapping script that replicates the changed data from the source entity in the target entity based on the mapping artifact by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the target environment further comprises:
monitoring the one or more compute instances executing the mapping script to determine a status of the mapping script and generate a record of the changed data replicated during execution of the mapping script; sending a notification to a client including the status of the mapping script and the record of replicated changed data; and in response to determining the mapping script is completed, tearing down the mapping infrastructure by shutting down the one or more compute instances. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification comprises creating a new source entity in the source environment and the changed data comprises data added to the new source entity. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein updating the target environment further comprises:
creating a new target entity in the target environment that maps to the new source entity; and registering the new target entity by providing a piece of route information for the new target entity to a target dispatcher. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the source environment is a production environment and the source deployment is a production version of a web application, and wherein the target environment is a pre-production environment and the target deployment is a staging version of the web application. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
integrating a new application feature into the target deployment; and testing the new application feature in the updated target environment to simulate performance of the production version of the web application after incorporating the new application feature. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the testing further comprises:
confirming the new application feature works as intended in the updated target environment; and integrating the new application feature into the production version of the web application hosted by the source environment in response to the confirming. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the testing further comprises:
confirming the new application feature does not work as intended in the updated target environment; updating an aspect of the new application feature; re-integrating the new application feature into the target deployment; testing the updated new application feature in the updated target environment; confirming the new application feature works as intended in the updated target environment; and in response to the confirming, integrating the new application feature into the production version of the web application hosted by the source environment. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the source environment and the target environment have a shard architecture that distributes data and services included in the application across a plurality of shards, wherein each shard has a database server and an application server. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the target environment further comprises initializing the one or more compute instances by executing an initialization script on each compute instance, wherein the initialization script installs a utility required to execute the mapping script and generates a local data model that stores the changed data copied from the source environment. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the target environment further comprises:
initializing the one or more compute instances by executing an initialization script; monitoring the initializing of the one or more compute instances to determine a status of the initialization script; and upon completion of the initialization of the one or more compute instances, creating a process ID for monitoring execution of the mapping script by each of the one or more compute instances. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the mapping infrastructure is created and torn down by an autonomous function that is automatically executed in a compute cloud in response to a triggering event. 13. An automated data mapping system for replicating data across deployments in a routing constrained environment comprising:
a memory; and a processor in communication with the memory and configured to:
detect a modification within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application, wherein the detected modification changes data for a source entity included in the source deployment; and
update a target environment hosting a target deployment of the application to mirror the modification within the source environment by:
generating a mapping artifact comprising a piece of route information for the source entity having changed data and a piece of route information for the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data;
creating a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity; and
executing, by the one or more compute instances, a mapping script to replicate the changed data from the source entity in the target entity based on the mapping artifact by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the updating a target environment further comprises:
monitoring the one or more compute instances executing the mapping script to determine a status of the mapping script and generate a record of the changed data replicated during execution of the mapping script; sending a notification to a client including the status of the mapping script and the record of replicated changed data; and in response to determining the mapping script is completed, tearing down the mapping infrastructure by shutting down the one or more compute instances. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the modification includes creating a new source entity in the source environment and the changed data includes data added to the new source entity. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the updating the target environment further comprises:
creating a new target entity in the target environment that maps to the new source entity; and registering the new target entity by providing a piece of route information for the new target entity to a target dispatcher. 17. The system of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:
integrate a new application feature into the target deployment; and test the new application feature in the updated target environment to simulate performance of a production version of the application after incorporating the new application feature. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein, the testing the new application feature further comprises:
confirming the new application feature works as intended in the target environment; and integrating the new application feature into the production version of the application hosted by the source environment in response to the confirming. 19. The system of claim 13, wherein the updating the target environment further comprises:
initializing the one or more compute instances by executing an initialization script; monitoring the initializing of the one or more compute instances to determine a status of the initialization script; and upon completion of the initialization of the one or more compute instances, creating a process ID for monitoring execution of the mapping script by each of the one or more compute instances. 20. A client device comprising:
a display; an input device; and a processor in communication with the display and the input device and configured to:
detect a modification within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application, wherein the detected modification changes data for a source entity included in the source deployment;
in response to detecting the modification, receive, from the input device, a request to update a target environment to mirror the modification made within the source environment, wherein the target environment hosts a target deployment of the application; and
update the target environment by:
generating a mapping artifact comprising a piece of route information for the source entity having changed data and a piece of route information for the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data;
creating a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity; and
executing, by the one or more compute instances, a mapping script to replicate the changed data from the source entity to the target entity based on the mapping artifact by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. | Disclosed herein are systems and methods for replicating data across deployments in a routing constrained environment. To replicate data, a processor may detect a modification that changes data for a source entity within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application. The processor may then update a target environment hosting a target deployment of the application to mirror the modification within the source environment. To update the target environment, the processor may generate a mapping artifact that identifies the source entity having changed data and the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data. The processor may then create a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity. To replicate data, the one or more compute instances may execute a mapping script that replicates the changed data from the source entity in the target entity by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment.1. A computer implemented method of replicating data across deployments in a routing constrained environment, the method comprising:
detecting a modification within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application, wherein the detected modification changes data for a source entity included in the source deployment; and updating a target environment hosting a target deployment of the application to mirror the modification within the source environment by:
generating a mapping artifact comprising a piece of route information for the source entity having changed data and a piece of route information for the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data;
creating a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity; and
executing, by the one or more compute instances, a mapping script that replicates the changed data from the source entity in the target entity based on the mapping artifact by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the target environment further comprises:
monitoring the one or more compute instances executing the mapping script to determine a status of the mapping script and generate a record of the changed data replicated during execution of the mapping script; sending a notification to a client including the status of the mapping script and the record of replicated changed data; and in response to determining the mapping script is completed, tearing down the mapping infrastructure by shutting down the one or more compute instances. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification comprises creating a new source entity in the source environment and the changed data comprises data added to the new source entity. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein updating the target environment further comprises:
creating a new target entity in the target environment that maps to the new source entity; and registering the new target entity by providing a piece of route information for the new target entity to a target dispatcher. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the source environment is a production environment and the source deployment is a production version of a web application, and wherein the target environment is a pre-production environment and the target deployment is a staging version of the web application. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
integrating a new application feature into the target deployment; and testing the new application feature in the updated target environment to simulate performance of the production version of the web application after incorporating the new application feature. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the testing further comprises:
confirming the new application feature works as intended in the updated target environment; and integrating the new application feature into the production version of the web application hosted by the source environment in response to the confirming. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the testing further comprises:
confirming the new application feature does not work as intended in the updated target environment; updating an aspect of the new application feature; re-integrating the new application feature into the target deployment; testing the updated new application feature in the updated target environment; confirming the new application feature works as intended in the updated target environment; and in response to the confirming, integrating the new application feature into the production version of the web application hosted by the source environment. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the source environment and the target environment have a shard architecture that distributes data and services included in the application across a plurality of shards, wherein each shard has a database server and an application server. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the target environment further comprises initializing the one or more compute instances by executing an initialization script on each compute instance, wherein the initialization script installs a utility required to execute the mapping script and generates a local data model that stores the changed data copied from the source environment. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the target environment further comprises:
initializing the one or more compute instances by executing an initialization script; monitoring the initializing of the one or more compute instances to determine a status of the initialization script; and upon completion of the initialization of the one or more compute instances, creating a process ID for monitoring execution of the mapping script by each of the one or more compute instances. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the mapping infrastructure is created and torn down by an autonomous function that is automatically executed in a compute cloud in response to a triggering event. 13. An automated data mapping system for replicating data across deployments in a routing constrained environment comprising:
a memory; and a processor in communication with the memory and configured to:
detect a modification within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application, wherein the detected modification changes data for a source entity included in the source deployment; and
update a target environment hosting a target deployment of the application to mirror the modification within the source environment by:
generating a mapping artifact comprising a piece of route information for the source entity having changed data and a piece of route information for the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data;
creating a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity; and
executing, by the one or more compute instances, a mapping script to replicate the changed data from the source entity in the target entity based on the mapping artifact by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the updating a target environment further comprises:
monitoring the one or more compute instances executing the mapping script to determine a status of the mapping script and generate a record of the changed data replicated during execution of the mapping script; sending a notification to a client including the status of the mapping script and the record of replicated changed data; and in response to determining the mapping script is completed, tearing down the mapping infrastructure by shutting down the one or more compute instances. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the modification includes creating a new source entity in the source environment and the changed data includes data added to the new source entity. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the updating the target environment further comprises:
creating a new target entity in the target environment that maps to the new source entity; and registering the new target entity by providing a piece of route information for the new target entity to a target dispatcher. 17. The system of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:
integrate a new application feature into the target deployment; and test the new application feature in the updated target environment to simulate performance of a production version of the application after incorporating the new application feature. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein, the testing the new application feature further comprises:
confirming the new application feature works as intended in the target environment; and integrating the new application feature into the production version of the application hosted by the source environment in response to the confirming. 19. The system of claim 13, wherein the updating the target environment further comprises:
initializing the one or more compute instances by executing an initialization script; monitoring the initializing of the one or more compute instances to determine a status of the initialization script; and upon completion of the initialization of the one or more compute instances, creating a process ID for monitoring execution of the mapping script by each of the one or more compute instances. 20. A client device comprising:
a display; an input device; and a processor in communication with the display and the input device and configured to:
detect a modification within a source environment hosting a source deployment of an application, wherein the detected modification changes data for a source entity included in the source deployment;
in response to detecting the modification, receive, from the input device, a request to update a target environment to mirror the modification made within the source environment, wherein the target environment hosts a target deployment of the application; and
update the target environment by:
generating a mapping artifact comprising a piece of route information for the source entity having changed data and a piece of route information for the target entity within the target environment receiving the changed data;
creating a mapping infrastructure including one or more compute instances that replicate the changed data for the source entity in the target entity; and
executing, by the one or more compute instances, a mapping script to replicate the changed data from the source entity to the target entity based on the mapping artifact by copying changed data from the source environment and writing it to a database in the target environment. | 3,700 |
345,662 | 16,804,076 | 3,771 | Training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment is provided. A selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets is made by a user of a client device. The two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities are decrypted within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities. The decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities are combined within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. The deep neural network model is generated within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. The deep neural network model is trained within the trusted execution environment using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. | 1. A computer-implemented method for training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment, the computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving, by a computer, a selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets by a user of a client device; decrypting, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities; combining, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; generating, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; and training, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to form a trained deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, a request for the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment from the user of the client device; and
sending, by the computer, the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to the client device of the user via a permissioned blockchain ecosystem. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, feedback from the user regarding the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities, wherein the computer retrains the deep neural network model based on the feedback. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding a model quality rating of the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities from a model rating system. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by a plurality of different entities from client devices included in a permissioned blockchain ecosystem corresponding to the computer; and
storing, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets in a portion of memory dedicated to the trusted execution environment of the computer. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding usage and ratings of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a reputation system. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 5 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding relative values of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a remuneration system. 8. A computer system for training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment, the computer system comprising:
a bus system; a storage device connected to the bus system, wherein the storage device stores program instructions; and a processor connected to the bus system, wherein the processor executes the program instructions to:
receive a selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets by a user of a client device;
decrypt, using the trusted execution environment, the two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities;
combine, using the trusted execution environment, the decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities;
generate, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; and
train, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to form a trained deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. 9. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive a request for the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment from the user of the client device; and send the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to the client device of the user via a permissioned blockchain ecosystem. 10. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive feedback from the user regarding the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities, wherein the computer system retrains the deep neural network model based on the feedback. 11. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive information regarding a model quality rating of the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities from a model rating system. 12. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by a plurality of different entities from client devices included in a permissioned blockchain ecosystem corresponding to the computer; and store the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets in a portion of memory dedicated to the trusted execution environment of the computer system. 13. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive information regarding usage and ratings of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a reputation system. 14. A computer program product for training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a computer to cause the computer to perform a method comprising:
receiving, by the computer, a selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets by a user of a client device; decrypting, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities; combining, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; generating, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; and training, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to form a trained deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. 15. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, a request for the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment from the user of the client device; and
sending, by the computer, the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to the client device of the user via a permissioned blockchain ecosystem. 16. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, feedback from the user regarding the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities, wherein the computer retrains the deep neural network model based on the feedback. 17. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding a model quality rating of the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities from a model rating system. 18. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by a plurality of different entities from client devices included in a permissioned blockchain ecosystem corresponding to the computer; and
storing, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets in a portion of memory dedicated to the trusted execution environment of the computer. 19. The computer program product of claim 18 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding usage and ratings of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a reputation system. 20. The computer program product of claim 18 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding relative values of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a remuneration system. | Training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment is provided. A selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets is made by a user of a client device. The two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities are decrypted within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities. The decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities are combined within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. The deep neural network model is generated within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. The deep neural network model is trained within the trusted execution environment using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities.1. A computer-implemented method for training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment, the computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving, by a computer, a selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets by a user of a client device; decrypting, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities; combining, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; generating, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; and training, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to form a trained deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, a request for the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment from the user of the client device; and
sending, by the computer, the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to the client device of the user via a permissioned blockchain ecosystem. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, feedback from the user regarding the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities, wherein the computer retrains the deep neural network model based on the feedback. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding a model quality rating of the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities from a model rating system. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by a plurality of different entities from client devices included in a permissioned blockchain ecosystem corresponding to the computer; and
storing, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets in a portion of memory dedicated to the trusted execution environment of the computer. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding usage and ratings of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a reputation system. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 5 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding relative values of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a remuneration system. 8. A computer system for training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment, the computer system comprising:
a bus system; a storage device connected to the bus system, wherein the storage device stores program instructions; and a processor connected to the bus system, wherein the processor executes the program instructions to:
receive a selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets by a user of a client device;
decrypt, using the trusted execution environment, the two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities;
combine, using the trusted execution environment, the decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities;
generate, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; and
train, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to form a trained deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. 9. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive a request for the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment from the user of the client device; and send the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to the client device of the user via a permissioned blockchain ecosystem. 10. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive feedback from the user regarding the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities, wherein the computer system retrains the deep neural network model based on the feedback. 11. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive information regarding a model quality rating of the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities from a model rating system. 12. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by a plurality of different entities from client devices included in a permissioned blockchain ecosystem corresponding to the computer; and store the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets in a portion of memory dedicated to the trusted execution environment of the computer system. 13. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the processor further executes the program instructions to:
receive information regarding usage and ratings of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a reputation system. 14. A computer program product for training a deep neural network model using a trusted execution environment, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a computer to cause the computer to perform a method comprising:
receiving, by the computer, a selection of two or more encrypted files owned by different entities within a plurality of encrypted files containing sensitive datasets by a user of a client device; decrypting, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the two or more encrypted files owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities; combining, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the decrypted sensitive datasets owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment to form combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; generating, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities; and training, by the computer, using the trusted execution environment, the deep neural network model using the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to form a trained deep neural network model within the trusted execution environment based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities. 15. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, a request for the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities within the trusted execution environment from the user of the client device; and
sending, by the computer, the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities to the client device of the user via a permissioned blockchain ecosystem. 16. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, feedback from the user regarding the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities, wherein the computer retrains the deep neural network model based on the feedback. 17. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding a model quality rating of the trained deep neural network model based on the combined sensitive data owned by the different entities from a model rating system. 18. The computer program product of claim 14 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by a plurality of different entities from client devices included in a permissioned blockchain ecosystem corresponding to the computer; and
storing, by the computer, the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets in a portion of memory dedicated to the trusted execution environment of the computer. 19. The computer program product of claim 18 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding usage and ratings of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a reputation system. 20. The computer program product of claim 18 further comprising:
receiving, by the computer, information regarding relative values of the plurality of encrypted files containing the sensitive datasets owned by the plurality of different entities from a remuneration system. | 3,700 |
345,663 | 16,804,075 | 3,771 | A resonator is provided that includes a vibration portion having a first and second electrodes, a piezoelectric film disposed therebetween and having a first face opposing the first electrode, and at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films formed to oppose the first face of the piezoelectric film with the first electrode interposed therebetween. Moreover, the resonator includes a frame that surrounds at least part of the vibration portion; and a holding arm connecting the vibration portion to the holding portion. The vibration portion includes a surface opposing the first face of the piezoelectric film and having first and second regions in which an average amount of displacement is larger than an average amount of displacement in the first region when the vibration portion vibrates. | 1. A resonator comprising:
a vibration portion that includes:
first and second electrodes,
a piezoelectric film disposed between the first and second electrodes and having a first face that opposes the first electrode, and
at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films that oppose the first face of the piezoelectric film with the first electrode interposed therebetween;
a frame that surrounds at least part of the vibration portion; and at least one holding arm that connects the vibration portion to the holding portion, wherein the vibration portion includes a surface opposing the first face of the piezoelectric film, and that includes a first region and a second region having an average amount of displacement that is larger than an average amount of displacement of the first region during vibration of the vibration portion, and wherein the at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films include a first temperature characteristic adjustment film having a positive temperature coefficient of frequency and a second temperature characteristic adjustment film having a negative temperature coefficient of frequency that are exposed in different regions of the first region of the surface of the vibration portion. 2. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration portion further includes at least one frequency adjustment film exposed in the second region of the surface of the vibration portion. 3. The resonator according to claim 2, wherein the frequency adjustment film has relative density greater than relative densities of the first temperature characteristic adjustment film and the second temperature characteristic adjustment film. 4. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the first temperature characteristic adjustment film has a positive temperature coefficient of elastic modulus. 5. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration portion includes a rectangular vibration region in which the piezoelectric film is configured to perform contour vibration when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric film. 6. The resonator according to claim 5, wherein the rectangular vibration region of the vibration portion has a long side parallel to a node of the contour vibration of the piezoelectric film and a short side that is orthogonal to the node of the contour vibration of the piezoelectric film and corresponds to a half wavelength of the contour vibration. 7. The resonator according to claim 6, wherein the second region includes at least part of an edge region of the vibration region. 8. The resonator according to claim 7, wherein the first region includes at least part of a region where the contour vibration node is formed in the vibration region. 9. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration portion includes at least one vibration arm that has a fixed end and an open end and is configured to perform bending vibration, and a base having a front end connected to the fixed end of the vibration arm and a rear end that opposes the front end. 10. The resonator according to claim 9, wherein the second region includes at least part of a tip region on a side of the open end of the at least one vibration arm. 11. The resonator according to claim 10, wherein the first region includes at least part of a region where the at least one vibration arm and the base are connected in the at least one vibration arm. 12. The resonator according to claim 10, wherein the vibration portion is configured to perform an out-of-plane bending vibration. 13. The resonator according to claim 10, wherein the vibration portion is configured to perform an in-plane bending vibration. 14. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the second temperature characteristic adjustment film is disposed to cover an entirety of the surface of the vibration portion. 15. The resonator according to claim 14, wherein the first temperature characteristic adjustment film and a frequency adjustment film are disposed on a surface of the second temperature characteristic adjustment film that opposes the vibration portion. 16. The resonator according to claim 15, wherein the second temperature characteristic adjustment film comprises a rectangular shape with the first temperature characteristic adjustment film extending along respective shorter sides of the second temperature characteristic adjustment film and the frequency adjustment film extending along respective longer sides of the second temperature characteristic adjustment film. 17. A resonator comprising:
a vibration portion that includes first and second electrodes with a piezoelectric film disposed therebetween, with the vibration portion including a first surface region and a second surface region that has an average amount of displacement that is larger than an average amount of displacement of the first surface region during vibration of the vibration portion; a frame that surrounds at least part of the vibration portion; at least one holding arm that connects the vibration portion to the holding portion; and at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films disposed above the first electrode opposite the piezoelectric film, and that includes a first temperature characteristic adjustment film that has a positive temperature coefficient of frequency and a second temperature characteristic adjustment film that has a negative temperature coefficient of frequency, wherein the at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films are exposed in different regions of the first surface region of the vibration portion. 18. The resonator according to claim 17, wherein the vibration portion further includes at least one frequency adjustment film exposed in the second surface region of the vibration portion. 19. A resonance device comprising:
a resonator including comprising:
a vibration portion that includes:
first and second electrodes,
a piezoelectric film disposed between the first and second electrodes, and
at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films disposed above the first electrode;
wherein the vibration portion includes a surface opposing the piezoelectric film, and that includes a first region and a second region having an average amount of displacement that is larger than an average amount of displacement of the first region during vibration of the vibration portion, and
wherein the at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films include a first temperature characteristic adjustment film having a positive temperature coefficient of frequency and a second temperature characteristic adjustment film having a negative temperature coefficient of frequency, with the first and second temperature characteristic adjustment film being exposed in different regions of the first region of the surface of the vibration portion;
a lid body that covers the resonator; and an outer electrode electrically coupled to at least one of the first and second electrode. 20. The resonance device according to claim 19, wherein the vibration portion further includes at least one frequency adjustment film exposed in the second region of the surface of the vibration portion. | A resonator is provided that includes a vibration portion having a first and second electrodes, a piezoelectric film disposed therebetween and having a first face opposing the first electrode, and at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films formed to oppose the first face of the piezoelectric film with the first electrode interposed therebetween. Moreover, the resonator includes a frame that surrounds at least part of the vibration portion; and a holding arm connecting the vibration portion to the holding portion. The vibration portion includes a surface opposing the first face of the piezoelectric film and having first and second regions in which an average amount of displacement is larger than an average amount of displacement in the first region when the vibration portion vibrates.1. A resonator comprising:
a vibration portion that includes:
first and second electrodes,
a piezoelectric film disposed between the first and second electrodes and having a first face that opposes the first electrode, and
at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films that oppose the first face of the piezoelectric film with the first electrode interposed therebetween;
a frame that surrounds at least part of the vibration portion; and at least one holding arm that connects the vibration portion to the holding portion, wherein the vibration portion includes a surface opposing the first face of the piezoelectric film, and that includes a first region and a second region having an average amount of displacement that is larger than an average amount of displacement of the first region during vibration of the vibration portion, and wherein the at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films include a first temperature characteristic adjustment film having a positive temperature coefficient of frequency and a second temperature characteristic adjustment film having a negative temperature coefficient of frequency that are exposed in different regions of the first region of the surface of the vibration portion. 2. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration portion further includes at least one frequency adjustment film exposed in the second region of the surface of the vibration portion. 3. The resonator according to claim 2, wherein the frequency adjustment film has relative density greater than relative densities of the first temperature characteristic adjustment film and the second temperature characteristic adjustment film. 4. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the first temperature characteristic adjustment film has a positive temperature coefficient of elastic modulus. 5. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration portion includes a rectangular vibration region in which the piezoelectric film is configured to perform contour vibration when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric film. 6. The resonator according to claim 5, wherein the rectangular vibration region of the vibration portion has a long side parallel to a node of the contour vibration of the piezoelectric film and a short side that is orthogonal to the node of the contour vibration of the piezoelectric film and corresponds to a half wavelength of the contour vibration. 7. The resonator according to claim 6, wherein the second region includes at least part of an edge region of the vibration region. 8. The resonator according to claim 7, wherein the first region includes at least part of a region where the contour vibration node is formed in the vibration region. 9. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration portion includes at least one vibration arm that has a fixed end and an open end and is configured to perform bending vibration, and a base having a front end connected to the fixed end of the vibration arm and a rear end that opposes the front end. 10. The resonator according to claim 9, wherein the second region includes at least part of a tip region on a side of the open end of the at least one vibration arm. 11. The resonator according to claim 10, wherein the first region includes at least part of a region where the at least one vibration arm and the base are connected in the at least one vibration arm. 12. The resonator according to claim 10, wherein the vibration portion is configured to perform an out-of-plane bending vibration. 13. The resonator according to claim 10, wherein the vibration portion is configured to perform an in-plane bending vibration. 14. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the second temperature characteristic adjustment film is disposed to cover an entirety of the surface of the vibration portion. 15. The resonator according to claim 14, wherein the first temperature characteristic adjustment film and a frequency adjustment film are disposed on a surface of the second temperature characteristic adjustment film that opposes the vibration portion. 16. The resonator according to claim 15, wherein the second temperature characteristic adjustment film comprises a rectangular shape with the first temperature characteristic adjustment film extending along respective shorter sides of the second temperature characteristic adjustment film and the frequency adjustment film extending along respective longer sides of the second temperature characteristic adjustment film. 17. A resonator comprising:
a vibration portion that includes first and second electrodes with a piezoelectric film disposed therebetween, with the vibration portion including a first surface region and a second surface region that has an average amount of displacement that is larger than an average amount of displacement of the first surface region during vibration of the vibration portion; a frame that surrounds at least part of the vibration portion; at least one holding arm that connects the vibration portion to the holding portion; and at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films disposed above the first electrode opposite the piezoelectric film, and that includes a first temperature characteristic adjustment film that has a positive temperature coefficient of frequency and a second temperature characteristic adjustment film that has a negative temperature coefficient of frequency, wherein the at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films are exposed in different regions of the first surface region of the vibration portion. 18. The resonator according to claim 17, wherein the vibration portion further includes at least one frequency adjustment film exposed in the second surface region of the vibration portion. 19. A resonance device comprising:
a resonator including comprising:
a vibration portion that includes:
first and second electrodes,
a piezoelectric film disposed between the first and second electrodes, and
at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films disposed above the first electrode;
wherein the vibration portion includes a surface opposing the piezoelectric film, and that includes a first region and a second region having an average amount of displacement that is larger than an average amount of displacement of the first region during vibration of the vibration portion, and
wherein the at least two temperature characteristic adjustment films include a first temperature characteristic adjustment film having a positive temperature coefficient of frequency and a second temperature characteristic adjustment film having a negative temperature coefficient of frequency, with the first and second temperature characteristic adjustment film being exposed in different regions of the first region of the surface of the vibration portion;
a lid body that covers the resonator; and an outer electrode electrically coupled to at least one of the first and second electrode. 20. The resonance device according to claim 19, wherein the vibration portion further includes at least one frequency adjustment film exposed in the second region of the surface of the vibration portion. | 3,700 |
345,664 | 16,804,080 | 3,771 | An ultrasonic sensor includes a case including a bottom plate, and a piezoelectric vibrating element mounted on the bottom plate. The case includes an internal space defined by a recess extending downward toward the bottom plate. When viewed in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space is shaped such that a longitudinal direction is parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom plate. The case includes a first portion with a cylindrical shape and a first length that is an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction, and a second portion with a cylindrical shape and a second length D2 that is an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction and is greater than the first length. A maximum length of a portion of the internal space inside the second portion along the longitudinal direction is greater than a maximum length of a port of the internal space inside the first portion along the longitudinal direction. | 1. An ultrasonic sensor comprising:
a cylindrical case including a bottom plate; and a piezoelectric vibrating element mounted on the bottom plate inside the case; wherein the case includes an internal space defined by a recess extending downward toward the bottom plate; when viewed in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space is shaped such that a longitudinal direction extends parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom plate; the case includes: a first portion having a cylindrical shape extending from the bottom plate in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the first portion having a first length defined by an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction; and a second portion disposed on a side of the first portion remote from the bottom plate, having a cylindrical shape concentric with the first portion, and having a second length defined by an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction, the second length being greater than the first length; and a maximum length of a portion of the internal space inside the second portion along the longitudinal direction is greater than a maximum length of a portion of the internal space inside the first portion along the longitudinal direction. 2. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the internal space inside the first portion and the portion of the internal space inside the second portion define stepped portions at respective ends of the internal space in the longitudinal direction. 3. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein when viewed in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, a contour of the internal space is curved along a contour of the case at both ends of the internal space in the longitudinal direction. 4. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein a filling material fills at least a portion of the internal space. 5. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein when viewed in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space includes two sides parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction and, between the two sides, the portion of the internal space inside the first portion has a same width as that of the portion of the internal space inside the second portion. 6. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a lid covering the internal space. 7. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 6, further comprising two external terminals extending from the internal space through the lid. 8. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical case is made of metal. 9. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 4, wherein the filling material is silicone. 10. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein when viewed in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space includes two sides parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction and, between the two sides, the portion of the internal space inside the first portion has a width greater than that of the portion of the internal space inside the second portion. 11. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the internal space has an elliptical or substantially elliptical shape. 12. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 6, wherein the lid is made of an insulator. 13. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate defines and functions as a vibrating plate. 14. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein
the internal space includes first, second, and third layers; the first layer is disposed closest to the bottom plate and is filled with a filling material; the second layer is disposed on the first layer and is filled with a sound-absorbing material; and the third layer is disposed on the second layer and is filled with the filling material. 15. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 14, wherein the sound-absorbing material is at least one of felt and silicone felt. 16. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 14, wherein the filling material is made of silicone. | An ultrasonic sensor includes a case including a bottom plate, and a piezoelectric vibrating element mounted on the bottom plate. The case includes an internal space defined by a recess extending downward toward the bottom plate. When viewed in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space is shaped such that a longitudinal direction is parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom plate. The case includes a first portion with a cylindrical shape and a first length that is an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction, and a second portion with a cylindrical shape and a second length D2 that is an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction and is greater than the first length. A maximum length of a portion of the internal space inside the second portion along the longitudinal direction is greater than a maximum length of a port of the internal space inside the first portion along the longitudinal direction.1. An ultrasonic sensor comprising:
a cylindrical case including a bottom plate; and a piezoelectric vibrating element mounted on the bottom plate inside the case; wherein the case includes an internal space defined by a recess extending downward toward the bottom plate; when viewed in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space is shaped such that a longitudinal direction extends parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom plate; the case includes: a first portion having a cylindrical shape extending from the bottom plate in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the first portion having a first length defined by an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction; and a second portion disposed on a side of the first portion remote from the bottom plate, having a cylindrical shape concentric with the first portion, and having a second length defined by an outside diameter along the longitudinal direction, the second length being greater than the first length; and a maximum length of a portion of the internal space inside the second portion along the longitudinal direction is greater than a maximum length of a portion of the internal space inside the first portion along the longitudinal direction. 2. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the internal space inside the first portion and the portion of the internal space inside the second portion define stepped portions at respective ends of the internal space in the longitudinal direction. 3. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein when viewed in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, a contour of the internal space is curved along a contour of the case at both ends of the internal space in the longitudinal direction. 4. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein a filling material fills at least a portion of the internal space. 5. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein when viewed in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space includes two sides parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction and, between the two sides, the portion of the internal space inside the first portion has a same width as that of the portion of the internal space inside the second portion. 6. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a lid covering the internal space. 7. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 6, further comprising two external terminals extending from the internal space through the lid. 8. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical case is made of metal. 9. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 4, wherein the filling material is silicone. 10. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein when viewed in the direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate, the internal space includes two sides parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction and, between the two sides, the portion of the internal space inside the first portion has a width greater than that of the portion of the internal space inside the second portion. 11. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the internal space has an elliptical or substantially elliptical shape. 12. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 6, wherein the lid is made of an insulator. 13. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate defines and functions as a vibrating plate. 14. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein
the internal space includes first, second, and third layers; the first layer is disposed closest to the bottom plate and is filled with a filling material; the second layer is disposed on the first layer and is filled with a sound-absorbing material; and the third layer is disposed on the second layer and is filled with the filling material. 15. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 14, wherein the sound-absorbing material is at least one of felt and silicone felt. 16. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 14, wherein the filling material is made of silicone. | 3,700 |
345,665 | 16,804,094 | 3,664 | Establishing a feedback connection between a motion planner and a motion controller in an autonomous driving system wherein feedback is iteratively updated and able to improve motion controller performance. | 1. A feedback connection system between motion control and motion planning for an autonomous driving vehicle comprising:
a motion controller, wherein the motion controller further comprises;
an iterative motion simulator, wherein the iterative motion simulator simulates a vehicle trajectory response while updating a trajectory offset; and
a motion control operator that evaluates the simulated vehicle trajectory
a motion planner that evaluates the simulated trajectory for response effectiveness; wherein the motion controller receives a trajectory offset from the motion planner and calculates a vehicle control maneuver based on the trajectory offset; and the motion planner generates a motion trajectory for a time horizon and the motion control operator executes a motion planning trajectory for the time horizon. 2. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein the motion controller further comprises a lateral controller and a longitudinal controller. 3. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein the trajectory offset is derived as Pi=ΔPi−1+KILCEi. 4. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein a tracking error is obtained as Ei=P0−Si={e1, e2, . . . , en}i. 5. The feedback connection system of claim 4, wherein the trajectory offset and the tracking error are sent to the motion planner as feedback information. 6. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein the simulated vehicle trajectory is obtained from Si={s0, s1sn}i. 7. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein if the simulated trajectory does not meet a motion planning requirement this triggers a motion trajectory regeneration. 8. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein if the simulated trajectory does not meet a mission and behavior planning requirement, at least one alternative simulated trajectory will be created by the motion planner. 9. The feedback connection system of claim 8, wherein once the simulated trajectory meets the mission and behavior planning, the motion control operator executes the simulated trajectory until reaching a destination. 10. An iterative feedback motion planning system comprising:
a motion planner that generates an initial motion trajectory via a set of trajectory waypoints with a fixed time interval; a motion control simulator estimates a vehicle simulated trajectory in view of the trajectory waypoints and simulated waypoints corresponding to the trajectory waypoints are selected from the vehicle simulated trajectory; a tracking error is generated by comparing the simulated waypoints to the trajectory waypoints; the tracking error is sent to the motion planner as a feedback signal and adjusted motion trajectory waypoints are obtained from the motion planner; the motion control simulator applies the adjusted motion trajectory waypoints and creates an updated simulated trajectory and further simulated waypoints; and the motion control simulator determines a satisfied simulation performance and a final adjusted motion trajectory is sent to a motion control operator. 11. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein each trajectory waypoint comprises X and Y coordinates, heading angle, linear velocity and acceleration 12. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein the tracking error is defined as E0,i=(TW0,i−T0,i). 13. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10 wherein the adjusted motion trajectory waypoints are obtained via TW(j+1),n=TWj,n+KEj,n. 14. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein an adjusting process is applied until the satisfied simulation performance is obtained when Ej TQEj<ε. 15. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, further comprising a lateral controller. 16. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein an optimal lateral feedback gain for a varying longitudinal velocity is obtained and communicated to the motion controller. 17. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein the motion controller is a LQR-based motion controller. 18. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 17, wherein a look-up table is applied to expedite LQR computation. | Establishing a feedback connection between a motion planner and a motion controller in an autonomous driving system wherein feedback is iteratively updated and able to improve motion controller performance.1. A feedback connection system between motion control and motion planning for an autonomous driving vehicle comprising:
a motion controller, wherein the motion controller further comprises;
an iterative motion simulator, wherein the iterative motion simulator simulates a vehicle trajectory response while updating a trajectory offset; and
a motion control operator that evaluates the simulated vehicle trajectory
a motion planner that evaluates the simulated trajectory for response effectiveness; wherein the motion controller receives a trajectory offset from the motion planner and calculates a vehicle control maneuver based on the trajectory offset; and the motion planner generates a motion trajectory for a time horizon and the motion control operator executes a motion planning trajectory for the time horizon. 2. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein the motion controller further comprises a lateral controller and a longitudinal controller. 3. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein the trajectory offset is derived as Pi=ΔPi−1+KILCEi. 4. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein a tracking error is obtained as Ei=P0−Si={e1, e2, . . . , en}i. 5. The feedback connection system of claim 4, wherein the trajectory offset and the tracking error are sent to the motion planner as feedback information. 6. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein the simulated vehicle trajectory is obtained from Si={s0, s1sn}i. 7. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein if the simulated trajectory does not meet a motion planning requirement this triggers a motion trajectory regeneration. 8. The feedback connection system of claim 1, wherein if the simulated trajectory does not meet a mission and behavior planning requirement, at least one alternative simulated trajectory will be created by the motion planner. 9. The feedback connection system of claim 8, wherein once the simulated trajectory meets the mission and behavior planning, the motion control operator executes the simulated trajectory until reaching a destination. 10. An iterative feedback motion planning system comprising:
a motion planner that generates an initial motion trajectory via a set of trajectory waypoints with a fixed time interval; a motion control simulator estimates a vehicle simulated trajectory in view of the trajectory waypoints and simulated waypoints corresponding to the trajectory waypoints are selected from the vehicle simulated trajectory; a tracking error is generated by comparing the simulated waypoints to the trajectory waypoints; the tracking error is sent to the motion planner as a feedback signal and adjusted motion trajectory waypoints are obtained from the motion planner; the motion control simulator applies the adjusted motion trajectory waypoints and creates an updated simulated trajectory and further simulated waypoints; and the motion control simulator determines a satisfied simulation performance and a final adjusted motion trajectory is sent to a motion control operator. 11. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein each trajectory waypoint comprises X and Y coordinates, heading angle, linear velocity and acceleration 12. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein the tracking error is defined as E0,i=(TW0,i−T0,i). 13. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10 wherein the adjusted motion trajectory waypoints are obtained via TW(j+1),n=TWj,n+KEj,n. 14. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein an adjusting process is applied until the satisfied simulation performance is obtained when Ej TQEj<ε. 15. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, further comprising a lateral controller. 16. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein an optimal lateral feedback gain for a varying longitudinal velocity is obtained and communicated to the motion controller. 17. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 10, wherein the motion controller is a LQR-based motion controller. 18. The iterative feedback motion planning system of claim 17, wherein a look-up table is applied to expedite LQR computation. | 3,600 |
345,666 | 16,804,072 | 3,664 | The disclosure relates to articles comprising a substrate, a pressure sensitive adhesive, and a release layer, wherein the release layer comprises at least one silicone carbonate polymer. | 1. An article comprising
a substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface; a pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the first major surface; and a release layer comprising a silicone carbonate polymer disposed on the second major surface. 2. The article of claim 1, wherein one or more of the first major surface and the second major surface comprises a primer layer. 3. The article of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a non-cellulosic material. 4. The article of claim 3, wherein the non-cellulosic material comprises at least one of polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate-modified ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethyl acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate and nylon. 5. The article of claim 4, wherein the non-cellulosic material comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate. 6. The article of claim 4, wherein the substrate comprises polyimide. 7. The article of claim 1, wherein the silicone carbonate copolymer comprises at least one silicone portion having the structure of Formula (I) 8. The article of claim 7, wherein the at least one silicone portion comprises polydimethylsiloxane. 9. The article of claim 1, wherein the silicone carbonate polymer comprises at least one carbonate portion having the structure of Formula (II) 10. The article of claim 9, wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of diradicals of Formulas (III) to (VI) 11. The article of claim 10, wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of diradicals of Formulas (VII) to (XXII) 12. The article of claim 11, wherein R′ is the diradical of Formula (VII) 13. The article of claim 1, wherein the article is a tape. 14. The article of claim 13, further comprising a roller and wherein the tape is wound around a roller. 15. The article of claim 13, further comprising a cutting element. | The disclosure relates to articles comprising a substrate, a pressure sensitive adhesive, and a release layer, wherein the release layer comprises at least one silicone carbonate polymer.1. An article comprising
a substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface; a pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the first major surface; and a release layer comprising a silicone carbonate polymer disposed on the second major surface. 2. The article of claim 1, wherein one or more of the first major surface and the second major surface comprises a primer layer. 3. The article of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a non-cellulosic material. 4. The article of claim 3, wherein the non-cellulosic material comprises at least one of polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate-modified ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethyl acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate and nylon. 5. The article of claim 4, wherein the non-cellulosic material comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate. 6. The article of claim 4, wherein the substrate comprises polyimide. 7. The article of claim 1, wherein the silicone carbonate copolymer comprises at least one silicone portion having the structure of Formula (I) 8. The article of claim 7, wherein the at least one silicone portion comprises polydimethylsiloxane. 9. The article of claim 1, wherein the silicone carbonate polymer comprises at least one carbonate portion having the structure of Formula (II) 10. The article of claim 9, wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of diradicals of Formulas (III) to (VI) 11. The article of claim 10, wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of diradicals of Formulas (VII) to (XXII) 12. The article of claim 11, wherein R′ is the diradical of Formula (VII) 13. The article of claim 1, wherein the article is a tape. 14. The article of claim 13, further comprising a roller and wherein the tape is wound around a roller. 15. The article of claim 13, further comprising a cutting element. | 3,600 |
345,667 | 16,804,062 | 3,664 | A method for distributing deep trench (DT) capacitance in an integrated circuit (IC) design is provided. The method includes forming a placement block that includes blockages defining openings in interstitial regions among the blockages, superimposing the placement block over the IC design and providing distributed DT capacitance to the IC design. The providing of the distributed DT capacitance includes adding DT capacitance cells through the openings to portions of the IC design where there are no reserved blocks. | 1. A method for distributing deep trench (DT) capacitance in an integrated circuit (IC) design, the method comprising:
forming a placement block comprising blockages defining openings in interstitial regions among the blockages; superimposing the placement block over the IC design; and providing distributed DT capacitance to the IC design by adding DT capacitance cells through the openings to portions of the IC design where there are no reserved blocks. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reserved blocks comprise blocks of memory cells. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein sizes and distributions of the blockages are based on sizes of gates of the IC design. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blockages are arranged in a matrix pattern. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
removing fillers from the IC design prior to the providing of the distributed DT capacitance; and adding the fillers back into the IC design following the providing of the distributed DT capacitance. 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
removing the placement block; and adding additional IC design elements to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the additional IC design elements comprise buffers, local clock buffers, latches and engineering change order (ECO) buffers. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising inserting engineering change order (ECO) cells to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance 9. A method for distributing deep trench (DT) capacitance in an integrated circuit (IC) design comprising reserved blocks, the method comprising:
forming a placement block comprising blockages defining openings in interstitial regions among the blockages without regard to respective positions of the reserved blocks; superimposing the placement block over the IC design; and providing distributed DT capacitance to the IC design by substantially evenly adding DT capacitance cells through the openings to portions of the IC design where there are no reserved blocks. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the reserved blocks comprise blocks of memory cells. 11. The method according to claim 9, wherein sizes and distributions of the blockages are based on sizes of gates of the IC design. 12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the blockages are arranged in a matrix pattern. 13. The method according to claim 9, further comprising:
removing fillers from the IC design prior to the providing of the distributed DT capacitance; and adding the fillers back into the IC design following the providing of the distributed DT capacitance. 14. The method according to claim 9, further comprising:
removing the placement block; and adding additional IC design elements to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the additional IC design elements comprise buffers, local clock buffers, latches and engineering change order (ECO) buffers. 16. The method according to claim 9, further comprising inserting engineering change order (ECO) cells to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance. 17. An integrated circuit (IC) design, comprising:
a surface; reserved blocks disposed on the surface; and distributed DT capacitance cells substantially evenly disposed on portions of the surface where there are no reserved blocks. 18. The IC design according to claim 17, wherein the reserved blocks comprise blocks of memory cells. 19. The IC design according to claim 17, wherein an even distribution of the DT capacitance cells is based on sizes of gates of the IC design. 20. The IC design according to claim 17, further comprising fillers, IC design elements and engineering change order (ECO) cells. | A method for distributing deep trench (DT) capacitance in an integrated circuit (IC) design is provided. The method includes forming a placement block that includes blockages defining openings in interstitial regions among the blockages, superimposing the placement block over the IC design and providing distributed DT capacitance to the IC design. The providing of the distributed DT capacitance includes adding DT capacitance cells through the openings to portions of the IC design where there are no reserved blocks.1. A method for distributing deep trench (DT) capacitance in an integrated circuit (IC) design, the method comprising:
forming a placement block comprising blockages defining openings in interstitial regions among the blockages; superimposing the placement block over the IC design; and providing distributed DT capacitance to the IC design by adding DT capacitance cells through the openings to portions of the IC design where there are no reserved blocks. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reserved blocks comprise blocks of memory cells. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein sizes and distributions of the blockages are based on sizes of gates of the IC design. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blockages are arranged in a matrix pattern. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
removing fillers from the IC design prior to the providing of the distributed DT capacitance; and adding the fillers back into the IC design following the providing of the distributed DT capacitance. 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
removing the placement block; and adding additional IC design elements to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the additional IC design elements comprise buffers, local clock buffers, latches and engineering change order (ECO) buffers. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising inserting engineering change order (ECO) cells to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance 9. A method for distributing deep trench (DT) capacitance in an integrated circuit (IC) design comprising reserved blocks, the method comprising:
forming a placement block comprising blockages defining openings in interstitial regions among the blockages without regard to respective positions of the reserved blocks; superimposing the placement block over the IC design; and providing distributed DT capacitance to the IC design by substantially evenly adding DT capacitance cells through the openings to portions of the IC design where there are no reserved blocks. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the reserved blocks comprise blocks of memory cells. 11. The method according to claim 9, wherein sizes and distributions of the blockages are based on sizes of gates of the IC design. 12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the blockages are arranged in a matrix pattern. 13. The method according to claim 9, further comprising:
removing fillers from the IC design prior to the providing of the distributed DT capacitance; and adding the fillers back into the IC design following the providing of the distributed DT capacitance. 14. The method according to claim 9, further comprising:
removing the placement block; and adding additional IC design elements to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the additional IC design elements comprise buffers, local clock buffers, latches and engineering change order (ECO) buffers. 16. The method according to claim 9, further comprising inserting engineering change order (ECO) cells to the IC design provided with the distributed DT capacitance. 17. An integrated circuit (IC) design, comprising:
a surface; reserved blocks disposed on the surface; and distributed DT capacitance cells substantially evenly disposed on portions of the surface where there are no reserved blocks. 18. The IC design according to claim 17, wherein the reserved blocks comprise blocks of memory cells. 19. The IC design according to claim 17, wherein an even distribution of the DT capacitance cells is based on sizes of gates of the IC design. 20. The IC design according to claim 17, further comprising fillers, IC design elements and engineering change order (ECO) cells. | 3,600 |
345,668 | 16,804,083 | 3,664 | A method including receiving at a wireless communication device first and second scheduling information indicative of attributes related to a data transmission. The first scheduling information including information indicative of contents attributes of the data transmission, and the subsequently received second scheduling information being indicative of time attributes of the data transmission. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving at a communication device in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; receiving subsequent to the reception of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions; and causing transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions at a time according to the one or more time attributes. 2-3. (canceled) 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the time interval between the end of reception of the second assignment information and the start of transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions is less than the time needed in the communication device for processing the one of the one or more first data transmissions according to the first assignment information. 5. A method according to claim 1,
wherein the second assignment information is transmitted from an access node of a cellular system in a first transmission time interval, and the one of the one or more first data transmissions is transmitted to the access node such that the one of the one or more first data transmissions is available at the access node in a second transmission time interval; and wherein the time difference between the second transmission time interval and the first transmission time interval is less than a minimum scheduling delay predetermined or preconfigured at least for communication between the access node and the communication device for the time difference between transmission of first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute from the access node and availability of a data transmission processed according to such first assignment information at the access node. 6. A method according to claim 1, comprising:
receiving configuration information indicative of use or non-use of second assignment information related to one or more second data transmissions; receiving related to the one or more second data transmissions first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more second data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of one of the one or more second data transmissions; using the at least one contents attribute for at least partial processing of the one of the one or more second data transmissions; and causing, if non-use of second assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions is configured, transmission of the one of the one or more second data transmissions at a predetermined time in relation to the reception of the first assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions. 7. A method according to claim 1, comprising
detecting suspend information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions; and suspending the causing of transmission of at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the suspend information is detected based on information provided in the second assignment information, or based on the elapsed time since the reception of the first assignment information. 9. A method according to claim 2, comprising
receiving further assignment information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions comprising assignment information indicative of at least one new or modified attribute of the one of the one or more first data transmission; and at least partial reprocessing of the one or more first data transmissions according to the at least one new or modified attribute. 10. (canceled) 11. A method according to claim 1, comprising using a predetermined identifier for detection of second assignment information on a downlink control channel. 12-20. (canceled) 21. A method according to claim 1, wherein the second assignment information is indicative of an offset attribute controlling a time offset or minimum time offset between the reception of the second assignment information and the causing of transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 22-30. (canceled) 31. A method comprising:
causing in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions transmission of first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; causing subsequent to the transmission of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute transmission of second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 32. (canceled) 33. A method according to claim 31,
wherein the second assignment information is transmitted from an access node of a cellular system in a first transmission time interval, and the one of the one or more first data transmissions is available at the access node in a second transmission time interval; and wherein the time difference between the second transmission time interval and the first transmission time interval is less than a minimum scheduling delay predetermined or preconfigured at least for communication between the access node and a communication device for the time difference between transmission of first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute from the access node and availability of a data transmission processed according to such first assignment information at the access node. 34. A method according to claim 31, comprising:
causing transmission of configuration information indicative of use or non-use of second assignment information related to one or more second data transmissions; causing related to the one or more second data transmissions transmission of first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more second data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of one of the one or more second data transmissions; using the at least one contents attribute for at least partial processing of the one of the one or more second data transmissions; and receiving, if non-use of second assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions is configured, the one of the one or more second data transmissions at a predetermined time in relation to the transmission of the first assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions. 35. A method according to claim 31, comprising causing transmission of suspend information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 36. A method according to claim 35, wherein the second assignment information comprises the suspend information. 37. A method according to claim 31, comprising causing transmission of further assignment information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions comprising assignment information indicative of at least one new or modified attribute of the one of the one or more first data transmission. 38. (canceled) 39. A method according to claim 31, comprising using a predetermined identifier for indication of second assignment information on a downlink control channel. 40-48. (canceled) 49. A method according to claim 31, wherein the second assignment information is indicative of an offset attribute controlling a time offset or minimum time offset between the causing of transmission of the second assignment information and the reception of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 50-58. (canceled) 59. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receive at a communication device in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; receive subsequent to the reception of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions; and cause transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions at a time according to the one or more time attributes. 60. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: cause in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions transmission of first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; cause subsequent to the transmission of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute transmission of second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 61-62. (canceled) 63. A computer program product for a computer, comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising software code portions for performing the steps of claim 1 when said software code portions are run on the computer. 64. (canceled) 65. A computer program product for a computer, comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising software code portions for performing the steps of claim 31 when said software code portions are run on the computer. | A method including receiving at a wireless communication device first and second scheduling information indicative of attributes related to a data transmission. The first scheduling information including information indicative of contents attributes of the data transmission, and the subsequently received second scheduling information being indicative of time attributes of the data transmission.1. A method comprising:
receiving at a communication device in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; receiving subsequent to the reception of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions; and causing transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions at a time according to the one or more time attributes. 2-3. (canceled) 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the time interval between the end of reception of the second assignment information and the start of transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions is less than the time needed in the communication device for processing the one of the one or more first data transmissions according to the first assignment information. 5. A method according to claim 1,
wherein the second assignment information is transmitted from an access node of a cellular system in a first transmission time interval, and the one of the one or more first data transmissions is transmitted to the access node such that the one of the one or more first data transmissions is available at the access node in a second transmission time interval; and wherein the time difference between the second transmission time interval and the first transmission time interval is less than a minimum scheduling delay predetermined or preconfigured at least for communication between the access node and the communication device for the time difference between transmission of first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute from the access node and availability of a data transmission processed according to such first assignment information at the access node. 6. A method according to claim 1, comprising:
receiving configuration information indicative of use or non-use of second assignment information related to one or more second data transmissions; receiving related to the one or more second data transmissions first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more second data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of one of the one or more second data transmissions; using the at least one contents attribute for at least partial processing of the one of the one or more second data transmissions; and causing, if non-use of second assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions is configured, transmission of the one of the one or more second data transmissions at a predetermined time in relation to the reception of the first assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions. 7. A method according to claim 1, comprising
detecting suspend information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions; and suspending the causing of transmission of at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the suspend information is detected based on information provided in the second assignment information, or based on the elapsed time since the reception of the first assignment information. 9. A method according to claim 2, comprising
receiving further assignment information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions comprising assignment information indicative of at least one new or modified attribute of the one of the one or more first data transmission; and at least partial reprocessing of the one or more first data transmissions according to the at least one new or modified attribute. 10. (canceled) 11. A method according to claim 1, comprising using a predetermined identifier for detection of second assignment information on a downlink control channel. 12-20. (canceled) 21. A method according to claim 1, wherein the second assignment information is indicative of an offset attribute controlling a time offset or minimum time offset between the reception of the second assignment information and the causing of transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 22-30. (canceled) 31. A method comprising:
causing in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions transmission of first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; causing subsequent to the transmission of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute transmission of second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 32. (canceled) 33. A method according to claim 31,
wherein the second assignment information is transmitted from an access node of a cellular system in a first transmission time interval, and the one of the one or more first data transmissions is available at the access node in a second transmission time interval; and wherein the time difference between the second transmission time interval and the first transmission time interval is less than a minimum scheduling delay predetermined or preconfigured at least for communication between the access node and a communication device for the time difference between transmission of first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute from the access node and availability of a data transmission processed according to such first assignment information at the access node. 34. A method according to claim 31, comprising:
causing transmission of configuration information indicative of use or non-use of second assignment information related to one or more second data transmissions; causing related to the one or more second data transmissions transmission of first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more second data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of one of the one or more second data transmissions; using the at least one contents attribute for at least partial processing of the one of the one or more second data transmissions; and receiving, if non-use of second assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions is configured, the one of the one or more second data transmissions at a predetermined time in relation to the transmission of the first assignment information related to the one or more second data transmissions. 35. A method according to claim 31, comprising causing transmission of suspend information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 36. A method according to claim 35, wherein the second assignment information comprises the suspend information. 37. A method according to claim 31, comprising causing transmission of further assignment information related to at least the one of the one or more first data transmissions comprising assignment information indicative of at least one new or modified attribute of the one of the one or more first data transmission. 38. (canceled) 39. A method according to claim 31, comprising using a predetermined identifier for indication of second assignment information on a downlink control channel. 40-48. (canceled) 49. A method according to claim 31, wherein the second assignment information is indicative of an offset attribute controlling a time offset or minimum time offset between the causing of transmission of the second assignment information and the reception of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 50-58. (canceled) 59. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receive at a communication device in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; receive subsequent to the reception of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions; and cause transmission of the one of the one or more first data transmissions at a time according to the one or more time attributes. 60. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: cause in a wireless communication system related to one or more first data transmissions transmission of first assignment information indicative of attributes of the one or more first data transmissions, and comprising assignment information indicative of at least one contents attribute of at least one of the one or more first data transmissions; cause subsequent to the transmission of the first assignment information comprising the at least one contents attribute transmission of second assignment information comprising assignment information indicative of one or more time attributes of the one of the one or more first data transmissions. 61-62. (canceled) 63. A computer program product for a computer, comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising software code portions for performing the steps of claim 1 when said software code portions are run on the computer. 64. (canceled) 65. A computer program product for a computer, comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising software code portions for performing the steps of claim 31 when said software code portions are run on the computer. | 3,600 |
345,669 | 16,804,038 | 3,664 | A circuit arrangement includes a preprocessing circuit configured to obtain context information related to a user location, a learning circuit configured to determine a predicted user movement based on context information related to a user location to obtain a predicted route and to determine predicted radio conditions along the predicted route, and a decision circuit configured to, based on the predicted radio conditions, identify one or more first areas expected to have a first type of radio conditions and one or more second areas expected to have a second type of radio conditions different from the first type of radio conditions and to control radio activity while traveling on the predicted route according to the one or more first areas and the one or more second areas. | 1. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the steps of:
determining that the communication device is in a scenario based on a battery power of the communication device; classifying, data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities; and throttling the data from the one or more applications based on their respective priorities while the communication device is in the scenario. 2. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the scenario is a power-constrained scenario. 3. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein throttling the data from the one or more applications comprises throttling data of a first priority at a first level and throttling data of a second priority at a second level. 4. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein classifying data into a plurality of priorities comprises classifying data based on use of applications during an extended time period; classifying a messaging service as priority traffic; classifying data according to user-inputted rankings; classifying data based on user usage; or classifying data based on whether the data is realtime traffic data or non-realtime traffic data. 5. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the throttling the data comprises transmitting the lowest-priority data with a longer transmission delay than the highest-priority data. 6. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, further comprising determining the communication device is in the scenario when the battery power falls below a battery power threshold; and terminating the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario, wherein the communication device is determined to have has exited the scenario when the battery power rises above a battery power threshold. 7. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein classifying data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities comprises classifying the data at an application processor of the radio communication device, wherein the application processor is configured to execute the one or more applications. 8. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein throttling the data from the one or more applications at varying levels based on their respective priorities while the communication device is in the scenario comprises throttling the lowest-priority traffic at a modem driver; throttling the lowest-priority traffic at a baseband modem; or throttling application data sync procedures by discontinuing sending periodic sync requests. 9. A communication device comprising:
a detection circuit configured to determine that the communication device is in a scenario based on a battery power of the communication device; a classification circuit configured to classify data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities; and a traffic control circuit configured to throttle the data from the one or more applications at varying levels based on their respective user-priorities while the communication device is in the scenario. 10. The communication device of claim 9, wherein the classification circuit is configured to classify the data from a highest-priority to a lowest-priority and wherein the traffic control circuit is configured to apply the least throttling to the highest-priority data and the most throttling to the lowest-priority data. 11. A method of reducing power consumption comprising:
determining that the communication device is in a scenario based on a battery power of the communication device; classifying, data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities; and throttling the data from the one or more applications based on their respective priorities while the communication device is in the scenario. 12. The method of reducing power consumption of claim 11, wherein the scenario is a power-constrained scenario. 13. The method of reducing power consumption of claim 11, wherein throttling the data from the one or more applications comprises throttling data of a first priority at a first level and throttling data of a second priority at a second level. 14. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the steps of:
determining that a communication device is in a scenario based on a remaining battery power or a temperature measurement of the communication device; classifying data from one or more applications of the communication device as non-critical traffic if the data is not user-priority traffic or the data is not realtime traffic; and throttling the non-critical traffic while the communication device is in the scenario, and terminating the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario. 15. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 14, wherein the scenario is a thermal-constrained scenario and/or a power-constrained scenario. 16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 14, wherein the scenario is based on remaining battery power and a temperature measurement of the communication device. 17. A communication device comprising:
a detection circuit configured to determine that the communication device is in a scenario based on a remaining battery power or a temperature measurement of the communication device; a classification circuit configured to classify data from one or more applications of the communication device as non-critical traffic; and a traffic control circuit configured to throttle the non-critical traffic while the communication device is in the scenario, and to terminate the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario. 18. The communication device of claim 17, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to determine that the communication device has exited the scenario, and the traffic control circuit is further configured to terminate throttling of the non-critical traffic in response to determining that the communication device has exited the scenario. 19. A method of performing radio communication comprising:
determining that a communication device is in a scenario based on a remaining battery power or a temperature measurement of the communication device; classifying data from one or more applications of the communication device as non-critical traffic if the data is not user-priority traffic or the data is not realtime traffic; and throttling the non-critical traffic while the communication device is in the scenario, and terminating the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario. 20. The method of performing radio communication of claim 19, wherein the scenario is a thermal-constrained scenario and/or a power-constrained scenario. | A circuit arrangement includes a preprocessing circuit configured to obtain context information related to a user location, a learning circuit configured to determine a predicted user movement based on context information related to a user location to obtain a predicted route and to determine predicted radio conditions along the predicted route, and a decision circuit configured to, based on the predicted radio conditions, identify one or more first areas expected to have a first type of radio conditions and one or more second areas expected to have a second type of radio conditions different from the first type of radio conditions and to control radio activity while traveling on the predicted route according to the one or more first areas and the one or more second areas.1. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the steps of:
determining that the communication device is in a scenario based on a battery power of the communication device; classifying, data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities; and throttling the data from the one or more applications based on their respective priorities while the communication device is in the scenario. 2. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the scenario is a power-constrained scenario. 3. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein throttling the data from the one or more applications comprises throttling data of a first priority at a first level and throttling data of a second priority at a second level. 4. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein classifying data into a plurality of priorities comprises classifying data based on use of applications during an extended time period; classifying a messaging service as priority traffic; classifying data according to user-inputted rankings; classifying data based on user usage; or classifying data based on whether the data is realtime traffic data or non-realtime traffic data. 5. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the throttling the data comprises transmitting the lowest-priority data with a longer transmission delay than the highest-priority data. 6. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, further comprising determining the communication device is in the scenario when the battery power falls below a battery power threshold; and terminating the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario, wherein the communication device is determined to have has exited the scenario when the battery power rises above a battery power threshold. 7. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein classifying data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities comprises classifying the data at an application processor of the radio communication device, wherein the application processor is configured to execute the one or more applications. 8. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein throttling the data from the one or more applications at varying levels based on their respective priorities while the communication device is in the scenario comprises throttling the lowest-priority traffic at a modem driver; throttling the lowest-priority traffic at a baseband modem; or throttling application data sync procedures by discontinuing sending periodic sync requests. 9. A communication device comprising:
a detection circuit configured to determine that the communication device is in a scenario based on a battery power of the communication device; a classification circuit configured to classify data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities; and a traffic control circuit configured to throttle the data from the one or more applications at varying levels based on their respective user-priorities while the communication device is in the scenario. 10. The communication device of claim 9, wherein the classification circuit is configured to classify the data from a highest-priority to a lowest-priority and wherein the traffic control circuit is configured to apply the least throttling to the highest-priority data and the most throttling to the lowest-priority data. 11. A method of reducing power consumption comprising:
determining that the communication device is in a scenario based on a battery power of the communication device; classifying, data from one or more applications of the communication device into a plurality of priorities; and throttling the data from the one or more applications based on their respective priorities while the communication device is in the scenario. 12. The method of reducing power consumption of claim 11, wherein the scenario is a power-constrained scenario. 13. The method of reducing power consumption of claim 11, wherein throttling the data from the one or more applications comprises throttling data of a first priority at a first level and throttling data of a second priority at a second level. 14. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the steps of:
determining that a communication device is in a scenario based on a remaining battery power or a temperature measurement of the communication device; classifying data from one or more applications of the communication device as non-critical traffic if the data is not user-priority traffic or the data is not realtime traffic; and throttling the non-critical traffic while the communication device is in the scenario, and terminating the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario. 15. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 14, wherein the scenario is a thermal-constrained scenario and/or a power-constrained scenario. 16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 14, wherein the scenario is based on remaining battery power and a temperature measurement of the communication device. 17. A communication device comprising:
a detection circuit configured to determine that the communication device is in a scenario based on a remaining battery power or a temperature measurement of the communication device; a classification circuit configured to classify data from one or more applications of the communication device as non-critical traffic; and a traffic control circuit configured to throttle the non-critical traffic while the communication device is in the scenario, and to terminate the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario. 18. The communication device of claim 17, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to determine that the communication device has exited the scenario, and the traffic control circuit is further configured to terminate throttling of the non-critical traffic in response to determining that the communication device has exited the scenario. 19. A method of performing radio communication comprising:
determining that a communication device is in a scenario based on a remaining battery power or a temperature measurement of the communication device; classifying data from one or more applications of the communication device as non-critical traffic if the data is not user-priority traffic or the data is not realtime traffic; and throttling the non-critical traffic while the communication device is in the scenario, and terminating the throttling when the communication device exits the scenario. 20. The method of performing radio communication of claim 19, wherein the scenario is a thermal-constrained scenario and/or a power-constrained scenario. | 3,600 |
345,670 | 16,804,088 | 3,664 | A knee extension apparatus for use to decrease flexure contraction of the knee of the user includes a frame having opposite sides and a handle portion. A first strap is assembled to the frame and extends between opposite sides. A second strap is assembled to the frame and extends between opposite sides. A third strap, also assembled to the frame and extending between opposite sides, is specifically positioned to be proximal to the knee of the user. In order to position the third strap in this location the length of the frame must be extended consistent with the method of use. | 1. A knee extension apparatus for use to decrease flexure contraction of the knee of the user comprises:
a frame having a pair of frame portions along opposite sides of a user's leg; a handle portion extending up from said frame; a surface to contact the sole of the user's foot or footwear; a first strap extending between said opposite sides of said frame, said first strap being located proximal of said surface and distal of the user's knee; a second strap extending between said opposite sides and proximal to the user's knee; wherein upon pulling on said hand portion towards the user's torso said frame imparts a downward force on said second strap at a location on said users leg that is proximal to the user's knee. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said surface is a third strap the contacts the user's foot or footwear. 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said handle portion is telescopically connected to said frame via a pair of spring bias detents and holes correspondingly in said pair of frame portions. 4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of between 60 and 90 degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of about degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said frame includes a pair of frame extensions located between said first strap and said second strap, each of said frame extensions being tubular and having a pair of spring bias detents and holes correspondingly in said pair of frame portions, whereby said frame extensions extend the distance between said first and second straps with said second strap proximal to the user's knee. 7. The apparatus of claim 6 and further comprising a fourth strap on said handle and providing strength and rigidity to said handle. 8. A method using the apparatus of claim 1, said method comprising:
diagnosing a user's knee using an MRI; thereafter, having the user use the apparatus of claim 1 to apply downward force on their leg via said second strap proximal to their diagnosed knee to decrease flexure contraction of that knee. 9. The method of claim 8 without surgery on the user's diagnosed knee. 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of between 60 and 90 degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of about degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 12. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said frame includes a pair of frame extensions located between said first strap and said second strap, each of said frame extensions being tubular and having a pair of spring bias detents and holes correspondingly in said pair of frame portions, whereby said frame extensions extend the distance between said first and second straps with said second strap proximal to the user's knee. 13. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising a fourth strap on said handle and providing strength and rigidity to said handle. 14. A method using the apparatus of claim 1, said method comprising:
diagnosing a user's knee using an MRI; thereafter, having the user use the apparatus of claim 1 to apply downward force on their leg via said second strap proximal to their diagnosed knee to decrease flexure contraction of that knee. 15. The method of claim 14 without surgery on the user's diagnosed knee. | A knee extension apparatus for use to decrease flexure contraction of the knee of the user includes a frame having opposite sides and a handle portion. A first strap is assembled to the frame and extends between opposite sides. A second strap is assembled to the frame and extends between opposite sides. A third strap, also assembled to the frame and extending between opposite sides, is specifically positioned to be proximal to the knee of the user. In order to position the third strap in this location the length of the frame must be extended consistent with the method of use.1. A knee extension apparatus for use to decrease flexure contraction of the knee of the user comprises:
a frame having a pair of frame portions along opposite sides of a user's leg; a handle portion extending up from said frame; a surface to contact the sole of the user's foot or footwear; a first strap extending between said opposite sides of said frame, said first strap being located proximal of said surface and distal of the user's knee; a second strap extending between said opposite sides and proximal to the user's knee; wherein upon pulling on said hand portion towards the user's torso said frame imparts a downward force on said second strap at a location on said users leg that is proximal to the user's knee. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said surface is a third strap the contacts the user's foot or footwear. 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said handle portion is telescopically connected to said frame via a pair of spring bias detents and holes correspondingly in said pair of frame portions. 4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of between 60 and 90 degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of about degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said frame includes a pair of frame extensions located between said first strap and said second strap, each of said frame extensions being tubular and having a pair of spring bias detents and holes correspondingly in said pair of frame portions, whereby said frame extensions extend the distance between said first and second straps with said second strap proximal to the user's knee. 7. The apparatus of claim 6 and further comprising a fourth strap on said handle and providing strength and rigidity to said handle. 8. A method using the apparatus of claim 1, said method comprising:
diagnosing a user's knee using an MRI; thereafter, having the user use the apparatus of claim 1 to apply downward force on their leg via said second strap proximal to their diagnosed knee to decrease flexure contraction of that knee. 9. The method of claim 8 without surgery on the user's diagnosed knee. 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of between 60 and 90 degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said hand portion extends upwardly from said frame at an include angle of about degrees such that the handle provides arm extension away from the user's torso to facilitation pulling on said handle. 12. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said frame includes a pair of frame extensions located between said first strap and said second strap, each of said frame extensions being tubular and having a pair of spring bias detents and holes correspondingly in said pair of frame portions, whereby said frame extensions extend the distance between said first and second straps with said second strap proximal to the user's knee. 13. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising a fourth strap on said handle and providing strength and rigidity to said handle. 14. A method using the apparatus of claim 1, said method comprising:
diagnosing a user's knee using an MRI; thereafter, having the user use the apparatus of claim 1 to apply downward force on their leg via said second strap proximal to their diagnosed knee to decrease flexure contraction of that knee. 15. The method of claim 14 without surgery on the user's diagnosed knee. | 3,600 |
345,671 | 16,804,049 | 3,664 | An ink contains water, a coloring material, and a polymer having a structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a structure unit having an anionic group, | 1. An ink comprising:
water; a coloring material; and a polymer having a structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a structure unit having an anionic group, 2. The ink according to claim 1, wherein Ar is a naphthyl group. 3. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the structure unit having an anionic group is represented by the following Chemical formula 2, 4. The ink according to claim 1, where the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 50,000. 5. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the coloring material comprises a pigment. 6. An ink accommodating container comprising:
the ink of claim 1; and a container containing the ink. 7. A recording device comprising:
the ink accommodating container of claim 6 and an ink applying device configured to apply the ink. 8. A recording method comprising:
applying the ink of claim 1 to a recording medium. 9. Recorded matter comprising:
a recording medium; and a printing layer formed on the recording medium, wherein the printing layer contains a coloring material and a polymer having a structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a structure unit having an anionic group, | An ink contains water, a coloring material, and a polymer having a structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a structure unit having an anionic group,1. An ink comprising:
water; a coloring material; and a polymer having a structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a structure unit having an anionic group, 2. The ink according to claim 1, wherein Ar is a naphthyl group. 3. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the structure unit having an anionic group is represented by the following Chemical formula 2, 4. The ink according to claim 1, where the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 50,000. 5. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the coloring material comprises a pigment. 6. An ink accommodating container comprising:
the ink of claim 1; and a container containing the ink. 7. A recording device comprising:
the ink accommodating container of claim 6 and an ink applying device configured to apply the ink. 8. A recording method comprising:
applying the ink of claim 1 to a recording medium. 9. Recorded matter comprising:
a recording medium; and a printing layer formed on the recording medium, wherein the printing layer contains a coloring material and a polymer having a structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a structure unit having an anionic group, | 3,600 |
345,672 | 16,804,053 | 3,664 | According to one embodiment, a storage device includes a nonvolatile memory and a controller. The controller is configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host. The controller includes at least one processor. The nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery. The first firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command. The second firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware. The second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware. | 1. A storage device comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery, the first firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command, the second firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware. 2. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; and the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware. 3. The storage device of claim 1, wherein the second firmware is encrypted. 4. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; the nonvolatile memory includes a first area to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor; the second firmware is stored in the first area; and the first firmware is stored in a second area other than the first area of the nonvolatile memory. 5. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the first area stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 6. The storage device of claim 4, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the first area. 7. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware. 8. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the second area of the nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 9. A storage device comprising:
a first nonvolatile memory; a second nonvolatile memory which stores data including a program with higher reliability than the first nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the first nonvolatile memory and data read from the first nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the first nonvolatile memory stores first firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command; and the second nonvolatile memory stores second firmware to recover the first firmware. 10. The storage device of claim 9, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; and the second nonvolatile memory is to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor. 11. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory has a capacity that is smaller than a capacity necessary to store the first firmware. 12. The storage device of claim 11, wherein the capacity of the second nonvolatile memory is 500 Kbytes or less. 13. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory comprises a read-only memory. 14. The storage device of claim 13, further comprising a fuse element configured to store data by electrically changing characteristics of element irreversibly,
wherein the fuse element stores verification data to verify the second firmware stored in the second nonvolatile memory. 15. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the first nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 16. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor includes a built-in memory which stores verification data to verify the first firmware, and is configured to determine whether the first firmware is tampered with by verification using the verification data stored in the built-in memory. 17. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 18. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor is further configured to:
detect an abnormal operation of the storage device; determine whether the storage device whose abnormal operation has been detected is to be recovered by recovering the first firmware; and recover the first firmware by executing the second firmware when it is determined that the storage device is to be recovered. 19. The storage device of claim 18, wherein the first processor is configured to overwrite the first firmware to be recovered into the second firmware, and to reboot the storage device. 20. The storage device of claim 18, further comprising a volatile memory,
wherein the first processor is configured to execute the second firmware read in the volatile memory. | According to one embodiment, a storage device includes a nonvolatile memory and a controller. The controller is configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host. The controller includes at least one processor. The nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery. The first firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command. The second firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware. The second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware.1. A storage device comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery, the first firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command, the second firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware. 2. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; and the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware. 3. The storage device of claim 1, wherein the second firmware is encrypted. 4. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; the nonvolatile memory includes a first area to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor; the second firmware is stored in the first area; and the first firmware is stored in a second area other than the first area of the nonvolatile memory. 5. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the first area stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 6. The storage device of claim 4, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the first area. 7. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware. 8. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the second area of the nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 9. A storage device comprising:
a first nonvolatile memory; a second nonvolatile memory which stores data including a program with higher reliability than the first nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the first nonvolatile memory and data read from the first nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the first nonvolatile memory stores first firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command; and the second nonvolatile memory stores second firmware to recover the first firmware. 10. The storage device of claim 9, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; and the second nonvolatile memory is to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor. 11. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory has a capacity that is smaller than a capacity necessary to store the first firmware. 12. The storage device of claim 11, wherein the capacity of the second nonvolatile memory is 500 Kbytes or less. 13. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory comprises a read-only memory. 14. The storage device of claim 13, further comprising a fuse element configured to store data by electrically changing characteristics of element irreversibly,
wherein the fuse element stores verification data to verify the second firmware stored in the second nonvolatile memory. 15. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the first nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 16. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor includes a built-in memory which stores verification data to verify the first firmware, and is configured to determine whether the first firmware is tampered with by verification using the verification data stored in the built-in memory. 17. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 18. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor is further configured to:
detect an abnormal operation of the storage device; determine whether the storage device whose abnormal operation has been detected is to be recovered by recovering the first firmware; and recover the first firmware by executing the second firmware when it is determined that the storage device is to be recovered. 19. The storage device of claim 18, wherein the first processor is configured to overwrite the first firmware to be recovered into the second firmware, and to reboot the storage device. 20. The storage device of claim 18, further comprising a volatile memory,
wherein the first processor is configured to execute the second firmware read in the volatile memory. | 3,600 |
345,673 | 16,804,070 | 3,664 | According to one embodiment, a storage device includes a nonvolatile memory and a controller. The controller is configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host. The controller includes at least one processor. The nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery. The first firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command. The second firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware. The second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware. | 1. A storage device comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery, the first firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command, the second firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware. 2. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; and the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware. 3. The storage device of claim 1, wherein the second firmware is encrypted. 4. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; the nonvolatile memory includes a first area to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor; the second firmware is stored in the first area; and the first firmware is stored in a second area other than the first area of the nonvolatile memory. 5. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the first area stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 6. The storage device of claim 4, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the first area. 7. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware. 8. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the second area of the nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 9. A storage device comprising:
a first nonvolatile memory; a second nonvolatile memory which stores data including a program with higher reliability than the first nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the first nonvolatile memory and data read from the first nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the first nonvolatile memory stores first firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command; and the second nonvolatile memory stores second firmware to recover the first firmware. 10. The storage device of claim 9, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; and the second nonvolatile memory is to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor. 11. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory has a capacity that is smaller than a capacity necessary to store the first firmware. 12. The storage device of claim 11, wherein the capacity of the second nonvolatile memory is 500 Kbytes or less. 13. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory comprises a read-only memory. 14. The storage device of claim 13, further comprising a fuse element configured to store data by electrically changing characteristics of element irreversibly,
wherein the fuse element stores verification data to verify the second firmware stored in the second nonvolatile memory. 15. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the first nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 16. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor includes a built-in memory which stores verification data to verify the first firmware, and is configured to determine whether the first firmware is tampered with by verification using the verification data stored in the built-in memory. 17. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 18. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor is further configured to:
detect an abnormal operation of the storage device; determine whether the storage device whose abnormal operation has been detected is to be recovered by recovering the first firmware; and recover the first firmware by executing the second firmware when it is determined that the storage device is to be recovered. 19. The storage device of claim 18, wherein the first processor is configured to overwrite the first firmware to be recovered into the second firmware, and to reboot the storage device. 20. The storage device of claim 18, further comprising a volatile memory,
wherein the first processor is configured to execute the second firmware read in the volatile memory. | According to one embodiment, a storage device includes a nonvolatile memory and a controller. The controller is configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host. The controller includes at least one processor. The nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery. The first firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command. The second firmware is firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware. The second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware.1. A storage device comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the nonvolatile memory and data read from the nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the nonvolatile memory stores first firmware for normal operation and second firmware for recovery, the first firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command, the second firmware being firmware to cause the at least one processor to recover the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the nonvolatile memory with higher reliability than the first firmware. 2. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; and the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware. 3. The storage device of claim 1, wherein the second firmware is encrypted. 4. The storage device of claim 1, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; the nonvolatile memory includes a first area to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor; the second firmware is stored in the first area; and the first firmware is stored in a second area other than the first area of the nonvolatile memory. 5. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the first area stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 6. The storage device of claim 4, wherein:
the first firmware and the second firmware are encrypted; the second firmware is encrypted using an algorithm whose encryption strength is higher than the first firmware, or the second firmware is encrypted using an encryption key whose key length is greater than the first firmware; and the second firmware is stored in the first area. 7. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware. 8. The storage device of claim 4, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the second area of the nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 9. A storage device comprising:
a first nonvolatile memory; a second nonvolatile memory which stores data including a program with higher reliability than the first nonvolatile memory; and a controller configured to control data write to the first nonvolatile memory and data read from the first nonvolatile memory based on a command from a host, wherein: the controller includes at least one processor; the first nonvolatile memory stores first firmware to cause the at least one processor to control the data write and the data read based on the command; and the second nonvolatile memory stores second firmware to recover the first firmware. 10. The storage device of claim 9, wherein:
the at least one processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor having a function of verifying reliability of the first firmware and the second firmware, the second processor being to execute the first firmware; and the second nonvolatile memory is to be accessed by the first processor but not to be accessed by the second processor. 11. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory has a capacity that is smaller than a capacity necessary to store the first firmware. 12. The storage device of claim 11, wherein the capacity of the second nonvolatile memory is 500 Kbytes or less. 13. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory comprises a read-only memory. 14. The storage device of claim 13, further comprising a fuse element configured to store data by electrically changing characteristics of element irreversibly,
wherein the fuse element stores verification data to verify the second firmware stored in the second nonvolatile memory. 15. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the second firmware includes a program which causes the first processor to perform a first process and a second process, the first process being a process of acquiring regular first firmware from the host, the second process being a process of overwriting the first firmware stored in the first nonvolatile memory to the regular first firmware acquired from the host. 16. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor includes a built-in memory which stores verification data to verify the first firmware, and is configured to determine whether the first firmware is tampered with by verification using the verification data stored in the built-in memory. 17. The storage device of claim 9, wherein the second nonvolatile memory stores data to be used by the first processor when the first processor recovers the first firmware by executing the second firmware. 18. The storage device of claim 10, wherein the first processor is further configured to:
detect an abnormal operation of the storage device; determine whether the storage device whose abnormal operation has been detected is to be recovered by recovering the first firmware; and recover the first firmware by executing the second firmware when it is determined that the storage device is to be recovered. 19. The storage device of claim 18, wherein the first processor is configured to overwrite the first firmware to be recovered into the second firmware, and to reboot the storage device. 20. The storage device of claim 18, further comprising a volatile memory,
wherein the first processor is configured to execute the second firmware read in the volatile memory. | 3,600 |
345,674 | 16,804,067 | 3,664 | Many free-space optical (FSO) communications systems use pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) systems to align the transmit and receive apertures for efficiently coupling received light to a detector. Conventional PAT systems divert energy from the communications receiver to a photodiode array for measuring tilt in the focal plane. Unfortunately, diverting energy from communications to PAT reduces SNR and sensitivity for communications. The PAT terminal disclosed here determines tilt angle without diverting energy from the communications receiver. It tracks the power in different spatial modes and uses that power distribution to determine tilt information for PAT. It does this with a passive mode converter, such as a photonic lantern, that maps power in each spatial mode at the receive aperture to a different single-mode output. Photodetectors at the single-mode outputs convert the received light into electrical signals that are demodulated for communications and whose amplitudes are used to derive the tilt information. | 1. A system for pointing, acquiring, and tracking (PAT) a free-space optical communications beam, the system comprising:
a beam compressor to receive the free-space optical communications beam; an adaptive optical element, in optical communication with the beam compressor, to modulate a wave front of the free-space optical communications beam; a passive mode demultiplexer, in optical communication with the adaptive optical element, to perform a unitary mapping of spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam to single-mode outputs; photodetectors, in optical communication with the single-mode outputs of the passive mode demultiplexer, to transduce light at the single-mode outputs into electrical signals; and at least one processor, operably coupled to the photodetectors, to actuate the adaptive optical element based on the electrical signals. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the photodetectors has a bandwidth of at least 1 GHz. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the photodetectors comprise:
a first photodetector having a first bandwidth to sense a power of the corresponding single-mode output; and a second photodetector having a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth to sense a power of the corresponding single-mode output and to detect a modulation of the corresponding single-mode output. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the first bandwidth is less than 1 GHz and the second bandwidth is at least 1 GHz. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor comprises:
a tracking controller to determine actuation of the adaptive optical element based on the electrical signals; and a communications receiver to demodulate the electrical signals to provide a communications signal. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the tracking controller is configured to actuate the adaptive optical element based on an amplitude distribution of the electrical signals among the photodetectors. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
an input optical amplifier, in optical communication with an input to the passive mode demultiplexer, to amplify the free-space optical communications beam; and output optical amplifiers, in optical communication with the single-mode outputs, to amplify the light at the single-mode outputs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the free-space optical communications beam is a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) free-space optical communications beam, and further comprising:
a wavelength division de-multiplexer, in optical communication with one of the single-mode outputs, to de-multiplex the corresponding single spatial mode. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a local oscillator to interfere a local oscillator beam with at least one of the single spatial modes. 10. A method of pointing, acquiring, and tracking (PAT) a free-space optical communications beam, the method comprising:
modulating a wave front of the free-space optical communications beam with an adaptive optical element; performing a unitary mapping of spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam to single spatial modes; transducing the respective single spatial modes into respective electrical signals; and actuating the adaptive optical element based on the respective electrical signals. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes occurs over a bandwidth of at least 1 GHz. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes comprises:
detecting a first single spatial mode over a first bandwidth with a first photodetector; detecting a second single spatial mode over a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth with a second photodetector; and demodulating a communication signal encoded in the free-space optical communications beam from an output of the second photodetector. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first bandwidth is less than 1 GHz and the second bandwidth is at least 1 GHz. 14. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
determining an error signal for actuating the adaptive optical element based on the electrical signals; and demodulating a communication signal encoded in the free-space optical communications beam from at least one of the electrical signals. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein determining the error signal is based on an amplitude distribution of the electrical signals. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
amplifying the free-space optical communications beam before performing the unitary mapping of the spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam to the single spatial modes; and amplifying the single spatial modes. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the free-space optical communications beam is a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) free-space optical communications beam, and further comprising:
wavelength de-multiplexing at least one of the single spatial modes. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes into the respective electrical signals comprises coherently detecting at least one of the single spatial modes. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes into the respective electrical signals further comprises incoherently detecting at least one of the single spatial modes. 20. A system for pointing, acquiring, and tracking (PAT) a free-space optical communications beam encoding a communications signal, the system comprising:
an adaptive optical element to modulate a wave front of the free-space optical communications beam in response to an error signal; a photonic lantern, having a multi-mode input in optical communication with the adaptive optical element and supporting N spatial modes and having N single-mode outputs, to map spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam at the multi-mode input to single-mode outputs, where N is a positive integer greater than 1; a first photodetector, in optical communication with a first single-mode output of the photonic lantern and having a first bandwidth, to generate a first electrical signal from light at the first single-mode output; a second photodetector, in optical communication with a second single-mode output of the photonic lantern and having a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth, to generate a second electrical signal based on light at the second single-mode output; and at least one processor, operably coupled to the first photodetector and the second photodetector, to generate the error signal based on amplitudes of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal and to demodulate the communications signal from the second electrical signal. | Many free-space optical (FSO) communications systems use pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) systems to align the transmit and receive apertures for efficiently coupling received light to a detector. Conventional PAT systems divert energy from the communications receiver to a photodiode array for measuring tilt in the focal plane. Unfortunately, diverting energy from communications to PAT reduces SNR and sensitivity for communications. The PAT terminal disclosed here determines tilt angle without diverting energy from the communications receiver. It tracks the power in different spatial modes and uses that power distribution to determine tilt information for PAT. It does this with a passive mode converter, such as a photonic lantern, that maps power in each spatial mode at the receive aperture to a different single-mode output. Photodetectors at the single-mode outputs convert the received light into electrical signals that are demodulated for communications and whose amplitudes are used to derive the tilt information.1. A system for pointing, acquiring, and tracking (PAT) a free-space optical communications beam, the system comprising:
a beam compressor to receive the free-space optical communications beam; an adaptive optical element, in optical communication with the beam compressor, to modulate a wave front of the free-space optical communications beam; a passive mode demultiplexer, in optical communication with the adaptive optical element, to perform a unitary mapping of spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam to single-mode outputs; photodetectors, in optical communication with the single-mode outputs of the passive mode demultiplexer, to transduce light at the single-mode outputs into electrical signals; and at least one processor, operably coupled to the photodetectors, to actuate the adaptive optical element based on the electrical signals. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the photodetectors has a bandwidth of at least 1 GHz. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the photodetectors comprise:
a first photodetector having a first bandwidth to sense a power of the corresponding single-mode output; and a second photodetector having a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth to sense a power of the corresponding single-mode output and to detect a modulation of the corresponding single-mode output. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the first bandwidth is less than 1 GHz and the second bandwidth is at least 1 GHz. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor comprises:
a tracking controller to determine actuation of the adaptive optical element based on the electrical signals; and a communications receiver to demodulate the electrical signals to provide a communications signal. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the tracking controller is configured to actuate the adaptive optical element based on an amplitude distribution of the electrical signals among the photodetectors. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
an input optical amplifier, in optical communication with an input to the passive mode demultiplexer, to amplify the free-space optical communications beam; and output optical amplifiers, in optical communication with the single-mode outputs, to amplify the light at the single-mode outputs. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the free-space optical communications beam is a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) free-space optical communications beam, and further comprising:
a wavelength division de-multiplexer, in optical communication with one of the single-mode outputs, to de-multiplex the corresponding single spatial mode. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a local oscillator to interfere a local oscillator beam with at least one of the single spatial modes. 10. A method of pointing, acquiring, and tracking (PAT) a free-space optical communications beam, the method comprising:
modulating a wave front of the free-space optical communications beam with an adaptive optical element; performing a unitary mapping of spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam to single spatial modes; transducing the respective single spatial modes into respective electrical signals; and actuating the adaptive optical element based on the respective electrical signals. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes occurs over a bandwidth of at least 1 GHz. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes comprises:
detecting a first single spatial mode over a first bandwidth with a first photodetector; detecting a second single spatial mode over a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth with a second photodetector; and demodulating a communication signal encoded in the free-space optical communications beam from an output of the second photodetector. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first bandwidth is less than 1 GHz and the second bandwidth is at least 1 GHz. 14. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
determining an error signal for actuating the adaptive optical element based on the electrical signals; and demodulating a communication signal encoded in the free-space optical communications beam from at least one of the electrical signals. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein determining the error signal is based on an amplitude distribution of the electrical signals. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
amplifying the free-space optical communications beam before performing the unitary mapping of the spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam to the single spatial modes; and amplifying the single spatial modes. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the free-space optical communications beam is a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) free-space optical communications beam, and further comprising:
wavelength de-multiplexing at least one of the single spatial modes. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes into the respective electrical signals comprises coherently detecting at least one of the single spatial modes. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein transducing the respective single spatial modes into the respective electrical signals further comprises incoherently detecting at least one of the single spatial modes. 20. A system for pointing, acquiring, and tracking (PAT) a free-space optical communications beam encoding a communications signal, the system comprising:
an adaptive optical element to modulate a wave front of the free-space optical communications beam in response to an error signal; a photonic lantern, having a multi-mode input in optical communication with the adaptive optical element and supporting N spatial modes and having N single-mode outputs, to map spatial modes of the free-space optical communications beam at the multi-mode input to single-mode outputs, where N is a positive integer greater than 1; a first photodetector, in optical communication with a first single-mode output of the photonic lantern and having a first bandwidth, to generate a first electrical signal from light at the first single-mode output; a second photodetector, in optical communication with a second single-mode output of the photonic lantern and having a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth, to generate a second electrical signal based on light at the second single-mode output; and at least one processor, operably coupled to the first photodetector and the second photodetector, to generate the error signal based on amplitudes of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal and to demodulate the communications signal from the second electrical signal. | 3,600 |
345,675 | 16,804,044 | 3,664 | A sole structure for an article of footwear includes a connecting portion coupled to a siped portion. The connecting portion extends across the sole structure, with an upper surface operative to be secured to an upper of the article of footwear. The siped portion extends from a ground-facing side of the connecting portion and includes a plurality of sole elements. Each of the plurality of sole elements is at least partially defined by one or more of a plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion. At least one of the plurality of sipes is a lateral sipe that is located within the midfoot region and extends from the medial side to the lateral side of the sole structure. This at least one lateral sipe is sized to permit plantarflexion of the sole structure without deformation of an adjacent sole element. | 1. A sole structure for an article of footwear having an upper adapted to receive a foot and defining a heel region, a midfoot region, and a forefoot region, a further defining a medial side and a lateral side, the sole structure comprising:
a connecting portion coupled to a siped portion, the connecting portion comprising an upper surface and an opposite ground-facing side, and the siped portion comprising an upper side and an opposite ground-contacting surface; wherein:
the connecting portion extends across the sole structure and the upper surface is operative to be secured to the upper;
the siped portion extends from the ground-facing side of the connecting portion and includes a plurality of sole elements, each of the plurality of sole elements being at least partially defined by one or more of a plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion;
at least one of the plurality of sipes is a lateral sipe that is located within the midfoot region and extends from the medial side to the lateral side of the sole structure; and
the at least one lateral sipe is sized to permit plantarflexion of the sole structure without deformation of an adjacent sole element. 2. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the sole structure has a first undeformed longitudinal length, and achieves a second, deformed longitudinal length during plantarflexion, and wherein the second longitudinal length is about 3% to about 18% shorter than the first undeformed longitudinal length. 3. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the connecting portion has a transverse thickness measured between the upper surface and ground facing side, and wherein the transverse thickness varies from the heel region to the forefoot region. 4. The sole structure of claim 3, wherein the transverse thickness of the connecting portion is from about 1 mm to about 5 mm in the forefoot region, about 1 mm to about 11 mm in the midfoot region, and about 1 mm to about 10 mm in the heel region. 5. The sole structure of claim 4, wherein the transverse thickness of the connecting portion is greater in the heel region than in the forefoot region. 6. The sole structure of claim 5, wherein the transverse thickness of the connecting portion is greater in the midfoot region than in either the heel region or the forefoot region. 7. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the siped portion has a transverse thickness measured between the upper side and the ground-contacting surface, and wherein the transverse thickness varies from the heel region to the forefoot region. 8. The sole structure of claim 7, wherein the transverse thickness of the siped portion is from about 3 mm to about 12 mm in the forefoot region, and about 8 mm to about 20 mm in the heel region. 9. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the plurality of sipes comprises a plurality midfoot lateral sipes extending between the medial side and the lateral side of the sole structure. 10. The sole structure of claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of midfoot lateral sipes defines a prism-shaped void extending between adjacent ones of the plurality of sole elements. 11. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion includes at least one longitudinal sipe extending through each of the forefoot region, the midfoot region, and the heel region. 12. The sole structure of claim 11, further comprising a second longitudinal sipe extending only through the forefoot region and the midfoot region. 13. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the connector portion and the siped portion are integral with each other and formed from a common foamed polymeric material. 14. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein plantarflexion is defined by a concave curvature of the ground contacting surface. 15. The sole structure of claim 1, further comprising at least one lateral sipe in each of the heel region and forefoot region. 16. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the at least one lateral sipe sized to permit plantarflexion of the sole has a transverse width, measured at the ground-contacting surface of the siped portion of from about 3 mm to about 8 mm. 17. A sole structure for an article of footwear having an upper adapted to receive a foot and defining a heel region, a midfoot region, and a forefoot region, a further defining a medial side and a lateral side, the sole structure comprising:
a connecting portion coupled to a siped portion, the connecting portion comprising an upper surface and an opposite ground-facing side, and the siped portion comprising an upper side and an opposite ground-contacting surface; wherein:
the connecting portion extends across the sole structure and the upper surface is operative to be secured to the upper;
the siped portion extends from the ground-facing side of the connecting portion and includes a plurality of sole elements, each of the plurality of sole elements being at least partially defined by one or more of a plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion;
a subset of the plurality of sipes is a lateral sipe are located within the midfoot region and extend from the medial side to the lateral side of the sole structure;
each sipe of the subset of the plurality of sipes defines a prism-shaped void extending between adjacent ones of the plurality of sole elements and has a transverse width, measured at the ground contacting surface of from about 3 mm to about 8 mm; and
the subset of the plurality of sipes are operative to permit plantarflexion of the sole structure. 18. The sole structure of claim 17, wherein the siped portion has a transverse thickness measured between the upper side and the ground-contacting surface, and wherein the transverse thickness is from about 3 mm to about 12 mm in the forefoot region, and about 8 mm to about 20 mm in the heel region. 19. The sole structure of claim 17, wherein the sole structure has a first undeformed longitudinal length, and achieves a second, deformed longitudinal length during plantarflexion, and wherein the second longitudinal length is about 3% to about 18% shorter than the first undeformed longitudinal length. | A sole structure for an article of footwear includes a connecting portion coupled to a siped portion. The connecting portion extends across the sole structure, with an upper surface operative to be secured to an upper of the article of footwear. The siped portion extends from a ground-facing side of the connecting portion and includes a plurality of sole elements. Each of the plurality of sole elements is at least partially defined by one or more of a plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion. At least one of the plurality of sipes is a lateral sipe that is located within the midfoot region and extends from the medial side to the lateral side of the sole structure. This at least one lateral sipe is sized to permit plantarflexion of the sole structure without deformation of an adjacent sole element.1. A sole structure for an article of footwear having an upper adapted to receive a foot and defining a heel region, a midfoot region, and a forefoot region, a further defining a medial side and a lateral side, the sole structure comprising:
a connecting portion coupled to a siped portion, the connecting portion comprising an upper surface and an opposite ground-facing side, and the siped portion comprising an upper side and an opposite ground-contacting surface; wherein:
the connecting portion extends across the sole structure and the upper surface is operative to be secured to the upper;
the siped portion extends from the ground-facing side of the connecting portion and includes a plurality of sole elements, each of the plurality of sole elements being at least partially defined by one or more of a plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion;
at least one of the plurality of sipes is a lateral sipe that is located within the midfoot region and extends from the medial side to the lateral side of the sole structure; and
the at least one lateral sipe is sized to permit plantarflexion of the sole structure without deformation of an adjacent sole element. 2. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the sole structure has a first undeformed longitudinal length, and achieves a second, deformed longitudinal length during plantarflexion, and wherein the second longitudinal length is about 3% to about 18% shorter than the first undeformed longitudinal length. 3. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the connecting portion has a transverse thickness measured between the upper surface and ground facing side, and wherein the transverse thickness varies from the heel region to the forefoot region. 4. The sole structure of claim 3, wherein the transverse thickness of the connecting portion is from about 1 mm to about 5 mm in the forefoot region, about 1 mm to about 11 mm in the midfoot region, and about 1 mm to about 10 mm in the heel region. 5. The sole structure of claim 4, wherein the transverse thickness of the connecting portion is greater in the heel region than in the forefoot region. 6. The sole structure of claim 5, wherein the transverse thickness of the connecting portion is greater in the midfoot region than in either the heel region or the forefoot region. 7. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the siped portion has a transverse thickness measured between the upper side and the ground-contacting surface, and wherein the transverse thickness varies from the heel region to the forefoot region. 8. The sole structure of claim 7, wherein the transverse thickness of the siped portion is from about 3 mm to about 12 mm in the forefoot region, and about 8 mm to about 20 mm in the heel region. 9. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the plurality of sipes comprises a plurality midfoot lateral sipes extending between the medial side and the lateral side of the sole structure. 10. The sole structure of claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of midfoot lateral sipes defines a prism-shaped void extending between adjacent ones of the plurality of sole elements. 11. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion includes at least one longitudinal sipe extending through each of the forefoot region, the midfoot region, and the heel region. 12. The sole structure of claim 11, further comprising a second longitudinal sipe extending only through the forefoot region and the midfoot region. 13. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the connector portion and the siped portion are integral with each other and formed from a common foamed polymeric material. 14. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein plantarflexion is defined by a concave curvature of the ground contacting surface. 15. The sole structure of claim 1, further comprising at least one lateral sipe in each of the heel region and forefoot region. 16. The sole structure of claim 1, wherein the at least one lateral sipe sized to permit plantarflexion of the sole has a transverse width, measured at the ground-contacting surface of the siped portion of from about 3 mm to about 8 mm. 17. A sole structure for an article of footwear having an upper adapted to receive a foot and defining a heel region, a midfoot region, and a forefoot region, a further defining a medial side and a lateral side, the sole structure comprising:
a connecting portion coupled to a siped portion, the connecting portion comprising an upper surface and an opposite ground-facing side, and the siped portion comprising an upper side and an opposite ground-contacting surface; wherein:
the connecting portion extends across the sole structure and the upper surface is operative to be secured to the upper;
the siped portion extends from the ground-facing side of the connecting portion and includes a plurality of sole elements, each of the plurality of sole elements being at least partially defined by one or more of a plurality of sipes that extend from the ground-contacting surface to the ground-facing side of the connecting portion;
a subset of the plurality of sipes is a lateral sipe are located within the midfoot region and extend from the medial side to the lateral side of the sole structure;
each sipe of the subset of the plurality of sipes defines a prism-shaped void extending between adjacent ones of the plurality of sole elements and has a transverse width, measured at the ground contacting surface of from about 3 mm to about 8 mm; and
the subset of the plurality of sipes are operative to permit plantarflexion of the sole structure. 18. The sole structure of claim 17, wherein the siped portion has a transverse thickness measured between the upper side and the ground-contacting surface, and wherein the transverse thickness is from about 3 mm to about 12 mm in the forefoot region, and about 8 mm to about 20 mm in the heel region. 19. The sole structure of claim 17, wherein the sole structure has a first undeformed longitudinal length, and achieves a second, deformed longitudinal length during plantarflexion, and wherein the second longitudinal length is about 3% to about 18% shorter than the first undeformed longitudinal length. | 3,600 |
345,676 | 16,804,096 | 3,664 | An electronic component includes a metal cap including a first main-surface having a flat plate-like shape with a first main surface and an annular portion that has an annular shape and that surrounds the first main surface when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first main surface. The first main-surface and the annular portion forming a recess. A substrate is provided having a flat plate-like shape with a second main surface that hermetically seals the recess, a joining member that joins the cap and the substrate to each other, with an element accommodated in the recess. An outer peripheral surface of the annular portion has a band-shaped region between the first and second main surfaces in the direction perpendicular to the first main surface. A groove is formed in the band-shaped region that extends in a circumferential direction of the annular portion. | 1. An electronic component comprising:
a metal cap including a first main surface having a flat plate-like shape with an inner surface and an annular portion that surrounds the inner surface when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first main surface, such that the first main surface and the annular portion form a recess; a substrate having a flat plate-like shape with a main surface that hermetically seals the recess; a joining member that joins the cap to the substrate; and an element disposed in the recess, wherein the annular portion comprises an outer peripheral surface with a band-shaped region between the inner surface and the main surface of the substrate, and wherein a groove is disposed in the band-shaped region and extends in a circumferential direction of the annular portion of the cap. 2. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral surface extends in a direction perpendicular between the main surface of the substrate and the inner surface of the cap. 3. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the cap further includes a flange that projects from an opening edge of the annular portion in a direction along the main surface of the substrate. 4. The electronic component according to claim 3, wherein the flange extends towards an outside of the recess. 5. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the annular portion has a rectangular shape having a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the inner surface of the cap. 6. The electronic component according to claim 5, wherein, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the inner surface of the cap, the groove is disposed in a region including an intermediate portion of each of the pair of long sides of the annular portion. 7. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the groove comprises a V shape comprising two inner-wall surfaces to define an acute angle in a cross section perpendicular to a direction in which the groove extends. 8. The electronic component according to claim 7, wherein the joining member is formed between the cap and the substrate and the groove is configured to absorb a stress impact when the cap is mounted to the substrate to form the joining member. 9. The electronic component according to claim 1, further comprising a brazing-alloy member configured to couple the substrate to the cap. 10. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the element comprises a crystal resonator. 11. An electronic component comprising:
a metal cap including a main surface having and an annular portion that surrounds the main surface of the metal cap to define a recess; a substrate having a flat plate-like shape that defines a main surface thereof; a joining member that joins the main surface of the cap to the main surface of the substrate; and a groove disposed in an outer peripheral surface of the annular portion and that extends in a circumferential direction of the annular portion of the cap. 12. The electronic component according to claim 11, further comprising an element disposed in the recess. 13. The electronic component according to claim 12, wherein the element comprises a crystal resonator. 14. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the outer peripheral surface extends in a direction perpendicular between the main surface of the substrate and the main surface of the cap. 15. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the cap further includes a flange that projects from an opening edge of the annular portion in a direction along the main surface of the substrate. 16. The electronic component according to claim 15, wherein the flange extends towards an outside of the recess. 17. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the annular portion has a rectangular shape having a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the cap. 18. The electronic component according to claim 17, wherein, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the cap, the groove is disposed in a region including an intermediate portion of each of the pair of long sides of the annular portion. 19. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the groove comprises a V shape comprising two inner-wall surfaces to define an acute angle in a cross section perpendicular to a direction in which the groove extends. 20. The electronic component according to claim 19, wherein the joining member is formed between the cap and the substrate and the groove is configured to absorb a stress impact when the cap is mounted to the substrate to form the joining member. | An electronic component includes a metal cap including a first main-surface having a flat plate-like shape with a first main surface and an annular portion that has an annular shape and that surrounds the first main surface when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first main surface. The first main-surface and the annular portion forming a recess. A substrate is provided having a flat plate-like shape with a second main surface that hermetically seals the recess, a joining member that joins the cap and the substrate to each other, with an element accommodated in the recess. An outer peripheral surface of the annular portion has a band-shaped region between the first and second main surfaces in the direction perpendicular to the first main surface. A groove is formed in the band-shaped region that extends in a circumferential direction of the annular portion.1. An electronic component comprising:
a metal cap including a first main surface having a flat plate-like shape with an inner surface and an annular portion that surrounds the inner surface when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first main surface, such that the first main surface and the annular portion form a recess; a substrate having a flat plate-like shape with a main surface that hermetically seals the recess; a joining member that joins the cap to the substrate; and an element disposed in the recess, wherein the annular portion comprises an outer peripheral surface with a band-shaped region between the inner surface and the main surface of the substrate, and wherein a groove is disposed in the band-shaped region and extends in a circumferential direction of the annular portion of the cap. 2. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral surface extends in a direction perpendicular between the main surface of the substrate and the inner surface of the cap. 3. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the cap further includes a flange that projects from an opening edge of the annular portion in a direction along the main surface of the substrate. 4. The electronic component according to claim 3, wherein the flange extends towards an outside of the recess. 5. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the annular portion has a rectangular shape having a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the inner surface of the cap. 6. The electronic component according to claim 5, wherein, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the inner surface of the cap, the groove is disposed in a region including an intermediate portion of each of the pair of long sides of the annular portion. 7. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the groove comprises a V shape comprising two inner-wall surfaces to define an acute angle in a cross section perpendicular to a direction in which the groove extends. 8. The electronic component according to claim 7, wherein the joining member is formed between the cap and the substrate and the groove is configured to absorb a stress impact when the cap is mounted to the substrate to form the joining member. 9. The electronic component according to claim 1, further comprising a brazing-alloy member configured to couple the substrate to the cap. 10. The electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the element comprises a crystal resonator. 11. An electronic component comprising:
a metal cap including a main surface having and an annular portion that surrounds the main surface of the metal cap to define a recess; a substrate having a flat plate-like shape that defines a main surface thereof; a joining member that joins the main surface of the cap to the main surface of the substrate; and a groove disposed in an outer peripheral surface of the annular portion and that extends in a circumferential direction of the annular portion of the cap. 12. The electronic component according to claim 11, further comprising an element disposed in the recess. 13. The electronic component according to claim 12, wherein the element comprises a crystal resonator. 14. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the outer peripheral surface extends in a direction perpendicular between the main surface of the substrate and the main surface of the cap. 15. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the cap further includes a flange that projects from an opening edge of the annular portion in a direction along the main surface of the substrate. 16. The electronic component according to claim 15, wherein the flange extends towards an outside of the recess. 17. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the annular portion has a rectangular shape having a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the cap. 18. The electronic component according to claim 17, wherein, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the cap, the groove is disposed in a region including an intermediate portion of each of the pair of long sides of the annular portion. 19. The electronic component according to claim 11, wherein the groove comprises a V shape comprising two inner-wall surfaces to define an acute angle in a cross section perpendicular to a direction in which the groove extends. 20. The electronic component according to claim 19, wherein the joining member is formed between the cap and the substrate and the groove is configured to absorb a stress impact when the cap is mounted to the substrate to form the joining member. | 3,600 |
345,677 | 16,804,099 | 3,664 | A level shifter includes an input circuit having first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary input signals at a first voltage level and a second voltage level. A cross-latch circuit is coupled to the input circuit, and has first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary output signals at a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level. The input circuit includes first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals at the first voltage level and the fourth voltage level based on the input signals. A tracking circuit is coupled to the input circuit and the cross-latch circuit, and is configured to input first and second tracking signals to the cross-latch circuit based on the first and second control signals, wherein the first tracking signal is the greater of the first control signal and the third voltage level, and the second tracking signal is the greater of the second control signal and the third voltage level. | 1. A level shifter, comprising:
an input circuit having first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary input signals at a first voltage level and a second voltage level; a cross-latch circuit coupled to the input circuit, the cross-latch circuit having first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary output signals at a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level, wherein the input circuit includes first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals at the first voltage level and the fourth voltage level based on the input signals; and a tracking circuit coupled to the input circuit and the cross-latch circuit, configured to input first and second tracking signals to the cross-latch circuit based on the first and second control signals, wherein the first tracking signal is the greater of the first control signal and the third voltage level, and the second tracking signal is the greater of the second control signal and the third voltage level. 2. The level shifter of claim 1, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between a first voltage rail configured to receive the fourth voltage level and a second voltage rail configured to receive the third voltage level, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first output terminal; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the first voltage rail and the second voltage rail, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second output terminal; and wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to receive the second tracking signal, and a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to receive the first tracking signal. 3. The level shifter of claim 2, wherein:
the first output terminal is connected to a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor; and the second output terminal is connected to a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor. 4. The level shifter of claim 2, wherein a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor is connected to receive the second tracking signal, and a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor is connected to receive the first tracking signal. 5. The level shifter of claim 4, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a third NMOS transistor connected in series with the first NMOS transistor between the first NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; a fourth NMOS transistor connected in series with the second NMOS transistor between the second NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; wherein a gate terminal of the third NMOS transistor is connected to the second output terminal, and a gate terminal of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to the first output terminal. 6. The level shifter of claim 4, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a third NMOS transistor connected in parallel with the first NMOS transistor between the first NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; a fourth NMOS transistor connected in parallel with the second NMOS transistor between the second NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; wherein a gate terminal of the third NMOS transistor is connected to the second output terminal, and a gate terminal of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to the first output terminal. 7. The level shifter of claim 1, wherein the input circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between the first output terminal and the first input terminal, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first control node, wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the second output terminal and the second input terminal, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second control node, wherein a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level. 8. The level shifter of claim 7, wherein the input circuit includes:
a third PMOS transistor connected in series between the first PMOS transistor and the first control node; a fourth PMOS transistor connected in series between the second PMOS transistor and the second control node; a third NMOS transistor connected in series between the first NMOS transistor and the first control node; and a fourth NMOS transistor connected in series between the second NMOS transistor and the second control node. 9. The level shifter of claim 8, wherein gate terminals of each of the third and fourth PMOS transistors are connected to the third voltage level, and wherein gate terminals of the third and fourth NMOS transistors are connected to the second voltage level. 10. The level shifter of claim 1, wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a first cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal configured to output the first tracking signal; a second cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal configured to output the second tracking signal. 11. The level shifter of claim 10, wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a first cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal; a second cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal; and wherein the input circuit includes:
a third PMOS transistor connected in series between the first PMOS transistor and the first control node, the third PMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the first cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair;
a fourth PMOS transistor connected in series between the second PMOS transistor and the second control node; the fourth PMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the first cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair. 12. The level shifter of claim 10, wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a third cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the second voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal; a fourth cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the second voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal; and wherein the input circuit includes:
a third NMOS transistor connected in series between the first NMOS transistor and the first control node, the third NMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the third cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair;
a fourth NMOS transistor connected in series between the second NMOS transistor and the second control node; the fourth NMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the fourth cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair. 13. A level shifter, comprising:
first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary first and second input signals in a low voltage domain; first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary first and second output signals corresponding to the first and second input signals in a high voltage domain; an input circuit connected between the first and second input terminals and the first and second output terminals, the input circuit having first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals in the high and low voltage domains based on the first and second input signals; a cross-latch circuit coupled to the input circuit and the first and second output terminals, the cross-latch circuit having first and second input terminals; a tracking circuit coupled to the first and second control nodes and the first and second input terminals of the cross-latch circuit, the tracking circuit configured to provide first and second tracking signals to the first and second input terminals of the cross-latch circuit in the high voltage domain based on the first and second control signals. 14. The level shifter of claim 13, wherein the low voltage domain includes a first voltage level and a second voltage level higher than the first voltage level, and wherein the high voltage domain includes a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level higher than the second voltage level. 15. The level shifter of claim 1614, wherein the second voltage level and the third voltage level are the same voltage level. 16. The level shifter of claim 14, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between a first voltage rail configured to receive the fourth voltage level and a second voltage rail configured to receive the third voltage level, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first output terminal, wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to receive the second tracking signal; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the first voltage rail and the second voltage rail, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second output terminal, wherein a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to receive the first tracking signal. 17. The level shifter of claim 16, wherein the input circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between the first output terminal and the first input terminal, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first control node, wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the second output terminal and the second input terminal, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second control node, wherein a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level; and wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a first cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal configured to output the first tracking signal; and
a second cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal configured to output the second tracking signal. 18. The level shifter of claim 17, wherein the input circuit, the cross-latch circuit and the tracking circuit include a plurality of PMOS devices and a plurality of NMOS devices, and wherein the PMOS devices and the NMOS devices are arranged symmetrically in or on a substrate. 19. A level shifting method, comprising:
receiving first and second input signals having respective first and second voltage levels, wherein the second voltage level is higher than the first voltage level; generating a first control signal having the first voltage level based on the first input signal; generating a second control signal having a fourth voltage level higher than the second voltage level based on the second input signal; providing a first tracking signal to a cross-latch circuit having a third voltage level higher than the first voltage level based on the first control signal; providing a second tracking signal to the cross-latch circuit having the fourth voltage level based on the second control signal; outputting a first output signal by the cross-latch circuit having the third voltage level based on the second tracking signal; and outputting a second output signal by the cross-latch circuit having the fourth voltage level based on the first tracking signal. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the second voltage level is the same as the third voltage level. | A level shifter includes an input circuit having first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary input signals at a first voltage level and a second voltage level. A cross-latch circuit is coupled to the input circuit, and has first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary output signals at a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level. The input circuit includes first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals at the first voltage level and the fourth voltage level based on the input signals. A tracking circuit is coupled to the input circuit and the cross-latch circuit, and is configured to input first and second tracking signals to the cross-latch circuit based on the first and second control signals, wherein the first tracking signal is the greater of the first control signal and the third voltage level, and the second tracking signal is the greater of the second control signal and the third voltage level.1. A level shifter, comprising:
an input circuit having first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary input signals at a first voltage level and a second voltage level; a cross-latch circuit coupled to the input circuit, the cross-latch circuit having first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary output signals at a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level, wherein the input circuit includes first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals at the first voltage level and the fourth voltage level based on the input signals; and a tracking circuit coupled to the input circuit and the cross-latch circuit, configured to input first and second tracking signals to the cross-latch circuit based on the first and second control signals, wherein the first tracking signal is the greater of the first control signal and the third voltage level, and the second tracking signal is the greater of the second control signal and the third voltage level. 2. The level shifter of claim 1, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between a first voltage rail configured to receive the fourth voltage level and a second voltage rail configured to receive the third voltage level, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first output terminal; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the first voltage rail and the second voltage rail, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second output terminal; and wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to receive the second tracking signal, and a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to receive the first tracking signal. 3. The level shifter of claim 2, wherein:
the first output terminal is connected to a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor; and the second output terminal is connected to a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor. 4. The level shifter of claim 2, wherein a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor is connected to receive the second tracking signal, and a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor is connected to receive the first tracking signal. 5. The level shifter of claim 4, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a third NMOS transistor connected in series with the first NMOS transistor between the first NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; a fourth NMOS transistor connected in series with the second NMOS transistor between the second NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; wherein a gate terminal of the third NMOS transistor is connected to the second output terminal, and a gate terminal of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to the first output terminal. 6. The level shifter of claim 4, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a third NMOS transistor connected in parallel with the first NMOS transistor between the first NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; a fourth NMOS transistor connected in parallel with the second NMOS transistor between the second NMOS transistor and the second voltage rail; wherein a gate terminal of the third NMOS transistor is connected to the second output terminal, and a gate terminal of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to the first output terminal. 7. The level shifter of claim 1, wherein the input circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between the first output terminal and the first input terminal, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first control node, wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the second output terminal and the second input terminal, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second control node, wherein a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level. 8. The level shifter of claim 7, wherein the input circuit includes:
a third PMOS transistor connected in series between the first PMOS transistor and the first control node; a fourth PMOS transistor connected in series between the second PMOS transistor and the second control node; a third NMOS transistor connected in series between the first NMOS transistor and the first control node; and a fourth NMOS transistor connected in series between the second NMOS transistor and the second control node. 9. The level shifter of claim 8, wherein gate terminals of each of the third and fourth PMOS transistors are connected to the third voltage level, and wherein gate terminals of the third and fourth NMOS transistors are connected to the second voltage level. 10. The level shifter of claim 1, wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a first cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal configured to output the first tracking signal; a second cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal configured to output the second tracking signal. 11. The level shifter of claim 10, wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a first cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal; a second cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal; and wherein the input circuit includes:
a third PMOS transistor connected in series between the first PMOS transistor and the first control node, the third PMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the first cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair;
a fourth PMOS transistor connected in series between the second PMOS transistor and the second control node; the fourth PMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the first cross-coupled NMOS transistor pair. 12. The level shifter of claim 10, wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a third cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the second voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal; a fourth cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the second voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal; and wherein the input circuit includes:
a third NMOS transistor connected in series between the first NMOS transistor and the first control node, the third NMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the third cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair;
a fourth NMOS transistor connected in series between the second NMOS transistor and the second control node; the fourth NMOS transistor having a gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the fourth cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair. 13. A level shifter, comprising:
first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary first and second input signals in a low voltage domain; first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary first and second output signals corresponding to the first and second input signals in a high voltage domain; an input circuit connected between the first and second input terminals and the first and second output terminals, the input circuit having first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals in the high and low voltage domains based on the first and second input signals; a cross-latch circuit coupled to the input circuit and the first and second output terminals, the cross-latch circuit having first and second input terminals; a tracking circuit coupled to the first and second control nodes and the first and second input terminals of the cross-latch circuit, the tracking circuit configured to provide first and second tracking signals to the first and second input terminals of the cross-latch circuit in the high voltage domain based on the first and second control signals. 14. The level shifter of claim 13, wherein the low voltage domain includes a first voltage level and a second voltage level higher than the first voltage level, and wherein the high voltage domain includes a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level higher than the second voltage level. 15. The level shifter of claim 1614, wherein the second voltage level and the third voltage level are the same voltage level. 16. The level shifter of claim 14, wherein the cross-latch circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between a first voltage rail configured to receive the fourth voltage level and a second voltage rail configured to receive the third voltage level, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first output terminal, wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to receive the second tracking signal; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the first voltage rail and the second voltage rail, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second output terminal, wherein a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to receive the first tracking signal. 17. The level shifter of claim 16, wherein the input circuit includes:
a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected in series between the first output terminal and the first input terminal, wherein a junction of the first PMOS transistor and the first NMOS transistor forms the first control node, wherein a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level; a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between the second output terminal and the second input terminal, wherein a junction of the second PMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor forms the second control node, wherein a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the third voltage level, and wherein a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the second voltage level; and wherein the tracking circuit includes:
a first cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the first control node, and an output terminal configured to output the first tracking signal; and
a second cross-coupled PMOS transistor pair having a first input terminal connected to the third voltage level, a second input terminal connected to the second control node, and an output terminal configured to output the second tracking signal. 18. The level shifter of claim 17, wherein the input circuit, the cross-latch circuit and the tracking circuit include a plurality of PMOS devices and a plurality of NMOS devices, and wherein the PMOS devices and the NMOS devices are arranged symmetrically in or on a substrate. 19. A level shifting method, comprising:
receiving first and second input signals having respective first and second voltage levels, wherein the second voltage level is higher than the first voltage level; generating a first control signal having the first voltage level based on the first input signal; generating a second control signal having a fourth voltage level higher than the second voltage level based on the second input signal; providing a first tracking signal to a cross-latch circuit having a third voltage level higher than the first voltage level based on the first control signal; providing a second tracking signal to the cross-latch circuit having the fourth voltage level based on the second control signal; outputting a first output signal by the cross-latch circuit having the third voltage level based on the second tracking signal; and outputting a second output signal by the cross-latch circuit having the fourth voltage level based on the first tracking signal. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the second voltage level is the same as the third voltage level. | 3,600 |
345,678 | 16,804,100 | 1,626 | A reactive antibacterial compound and a preparation method thereof are provided herein. The reactive antibacterial compound is represented by the general formula (I) or (II): | 1. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate group is at an end of molecule of the antibacterial compound. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the R2 and the R3 independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)uCH3, and u is an integer within a range from 0 to 17. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the R1 represents OCN-L-NHCOOR′ or OCN-L-NHCONHR′. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the L represents: 11. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the L represents: 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 18. A method of inhibiting growth of bacteria, comprising: contacting the bacteria with an antibacterial material, which includes an antibacterial compound bound to a material by reacting an isocyanate group of the antibacterial compound with a functional group in the material,
wherein the antibacterial compound is selected from a group consists of 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the bacteria includes E. coli, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, S. aureas, C. albicans, sulfate reducing bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis, C. xerosis, or B. anthracis. | A reactive antibacterial compound and a preparation method thereof are provided herein. The reactive antibacterial compound is represented by the general formula (I) or (II):1. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate group is at an end of molecule of the antibacterial compound. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the R2 and the R3 independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)uCH3, and u is an integer within a range from 0 to 17. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the R1 represents OCN-L-NHCOOR′ or OCN-L-NHCONHR′. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the L represents: 11. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the L represents: 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 18. A method of inhibiting growth of bacteria, comprising: contacting the bacteria with an antibacterial material, which includes an antibacterial compound bound to a material by reacting an isocyanate group of the antibacterial compound with a functional group in the material,
wherein the antibacterial compound is selected from a group consists of 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the bacteria includes E. coli, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, S. aureas, C. albicans, sulfate reducing bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis, C. xerosis, or B. anthracis. | 1,600 |
345,679 | 16,804,087 | 1,626 | A reactive antibacterial compound and a preparation method thereof are provided herein. The reactive antibacterial compound is represented by the general formula (I) or (II): | 1. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate group is at an end of molecule of the antibacterial compound. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the R2 and the R3 independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)uCH3, and u is an integer within a range from 0 to 17. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the R1 represents OCN-L-NHCOOR′ or OCN-L-NHCONHR′. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the L represents: 11. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the L represents: 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 18. A method of inhibiting growth of bacteria, comprising: contacting the bacteria with an antibacterial material, which includes an antibacterial compound bound to a material by reacting an isocyanate group of the antibacterial compound with a functional group in the material,
wherein the antibacterial compound is selected from a group consists of 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the bacteria includes E. coli, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, S. aureas, C. albicans, sulfate reducing bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis, C. xerosis, or B. anthracis. | A reactive antibacterial compound and a preparation method thereof are provided herein. The reactive antibacterial compound is represented by the general formula (I) or (II):1. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate group is at an end of molecule of the antibacterial compound. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the R2 and the R3 independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)uCH3, and u is an integer within a range from 0 to 17. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the R1 represents OCN-L-NHCOOR′ or OCN-L-NHCONHR′. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the L represents: 11. A method of producing an antibacterial material, comprising: applying an antibacterial compound including an isocyanate group to a material by reacting the isocyanate group with a functional group in the material, thus producing the antibacterial material,
wherein the antibacterial compound represented by formula (I): 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the R4 and the R′ independently for each occurrence represent —(CH2)n—, and n is an integer within a range from 1 to 18. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the L represents: 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl or amino, and the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes a hydroxyl, and the material includes cotton fibers, fibrilia, polyester fibers, or poly lactic acid (PLA). 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amino, and the material includes nylon. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the functional group includes an amide, and the material includes wool, pashm, silk, chinlon, or aramid. 18. A method of inhibiting growth of bacteria, comprising: contacting the bacteria with an antibacterial material, which includes an antibacterial compound bound to a material by reacting an isocyanate group of the antibacterial compound with a functional group in the material,
wherein the antibacterial compound is selected from a group consists of 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the material includes fiber, cotton textile, nylon, medical perfusion tube or packaging material, or food package or food preservation material. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the bacteria includes E. coli, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, S. aureas, C. albicans, sulfate reducing bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis, C. xerosis, or B. anthracis. | 1,600 |
345,680 | 16,804,066 | 1,626 | The present utility model relates to a device for improving gas detection in a photoionization detector. A gas detector is provided. The device reduces interference of photoelectric noise on the reading of the gas detector for target gases such as volatile organic compounds. | 1. A gas detector for monitoring a target gas, the gas detector comprising:
a gas inlet; an ultraviolet (UV) lamp; a pair of electrically biased electrodes provided between the gas inlet and the UV lamp; and a processor, the processor communicating with the pair of electrically biased electrodes and configured to perform the following: when the UV lamp is in a first mode and the target gas is prevented from entering the gas inlet, determine a deviation, the first mode of the UV lamp being an operating mode of the UV lamp, so that UV light is emitted therefrom, and the deviation, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are prevented from being exposed to the target gas, being associated with an electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes; and when the gas inlet is open to the target gas, a calibrated output reading based on the deviation is computed, the calibrated output reading, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are exposed to the target gas, being associated with the electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes. 2. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the target gas is prevented from entering the gas inlet by providing a calibration filter in the gas detector, inletting a calibration gas, or adopting a combination thereof. 3. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the deviation is subtracted from a detector signal obtained from the electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes, when exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and exposed to the target gas. 4. The gas detector according to claim 3, wherein the electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes, when exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and prevented from being exposed to the target gas, is formed by at least part of the pair of electrically biased electrodes which are ionized when exposed to the UV light emitted from the UV lamp. 5. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the deviation is determined by averaging a plurality of detector signals, and the plurality of detector signals are generated by a plurality of electrode signals generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes when exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and prevented from being exposed to the target gas. 6. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the UV lamp comprises a second mode, the second mode is a non-operating mode thereof, so that photons are not emitted from the UV lamp, and the processor is configured to determine an absolute zero level when the UV lamp is in the second mode. 7. The gas detector according to claim 6, wherein the calibrated output reading is computed based on the absolute zero level. 8. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine the deviation after a predetermined period of time, after a specified event occurs, as needed or according to a combination thereof. 9. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to update the deviation after a predetermined period of time, after a specified event occurs, as needed or according to a combination thereof. 10. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the calibrated output reading represents a concentration of the target gas in an external environment in unit of parts per billion. 11. A gas detector for monitoring a target gas, the gas detector comprising:
a gas inlet; an ultraviolet (UV) lamp; a switch used to turn ON and turn OFF the UV lamp, wherein the UV lamp is turned ON when the switch is at a first position and the UV lamp is turned OFF when the switch is at a second position; a pair of electrically biased electrodes provided between the gas inlet and the UV lamp; and a processor, the processor communicating with the pair of electrically biased electrodes and comprising: a deviation determination module, the deviation determination module configured to, when the UV lamp is in a first mode during the switch being at the first position and the target gas is prevented from entering the gas inlet, determine a deviation, the first mode of the UV lamp being an operating mode of the UV lamp, so that UV light is emitted from the UV lamp, and the deviation, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are prevented from being exposed to the target gas, being associated with an electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes; and a calibration module configured to, when the gas inlet is open to the target gas, compute a calibrated output reading based on the deviation, the calibrated output reading, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are exposed to the target gas, being associated with an electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes. | The present utility model relates to a device for improving gas detection in a photoionization detector. A gas detector is provided. The device reduces interference of photoelectric noise on the reading of the gas detector for target gases such as volatile organic compounds.1. A gas detector for monitoring a target gas, the gas detector comprising:
a gas inlet; an ultraviolet (UV) lamp; a pair of electrically biased electrodes provided between the gas inlet and the UV lamp; and a processor, the processor communicating with the pair of electrically biased electrodes and configured to perform the following: when the UV lamp is in a first mode and the target gas is prevented from entering the gas inlet, determine a deviation, the first mode of the UV lamp being an operating mode of the UV lamp, so that UV light is emitted therefrom, and the deviation, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are prevented from being exposed to the target gas, being associated with an electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes; and when the gas inlet is open to the target gas, a calibrated output reading based on the deviation is computed, the calibrated output reading, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are exposed to the target gas, being associated with the electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes. 2. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the target gas is prevented from entering the gas inlet by providing a calibration filter in the gas detector, inletting a calibration gas, or adopting a combination thereof. 3. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the deviation is subtracted from a detector signal obtained from the electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes, when exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and exposed to the target gas. 4. The gas detector according to claim 3, wherein the electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes, when exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and prevented from being exposed to the target gas, is formed by at least part of the pair of electrically biased electrodes which are ionized when exposed to the UV light emitted from the UV lamp. 5. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the deviation is determined by averaging a plurality of detector signals, and the plurality of detector signals are generated by a plurality of electrode signals generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes when exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and prevented from being exposed to the target gas. 6. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the UV lamp comprises a second mode, the second mode is a non-operating mode thereof, so that photons are not emitted from the UV lamp, and the processor is configured to determine an absolute zero level when the UV lamp is in the second mode. 7. The gas detector according to claim 6, wherein the calibrated output reading is computed based on the absolute zero level. 8. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine the deviation after a predetermined period of time, after a specified event occurs, as needed or according to a combination thereof. 9. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to update the deviation after a predetermined period of time, after a specified event occurs, as needed or according to a combination thereof. 10. The gas detector according to claim 1, wherein the calibrated output reading represents a concentration of the target gas in an external environment in unit of parts per billion. 11. A gas detector for monitoring a target gas, the gas detector comprising:
a gas inlet; an ultraviolet (UV) lamp; a switch used to turn ON and turn OFF the UV lamp, wherein the UV lamp is turned ON when the switch is at a first position and the UV lamp is turned OFF when the switch is at a second position; a pair of electrically biased electrodes provided between the gas inlet and the UV lamp; and a processor, the processor communicating with the pair of electrically biased electrodes and comprising: a deviation determination module, the deviation determination module configured to, when the UV lamp is in a first mode during the switch being at the first position and the target gas is prevented from entering the gas inlet, determine a deviation, the first mode of the UV lamp being an operating mode of the UV lamp, so that UV light is emitted from the UV lamp, and the deviation, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are prevented from being exposed to the target gas, being associated with an electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes; and a calibration module configured to, when the gas inlet is open to the target gas, compute a calibrated output reading based on the deviation, the calibrated output reading, when the pair of electrically biased electrodes are exposed to the UV lamp in the first mode and are exposed to the target gas, being associated with an electrode signal generated by the pair of electrically biased electrodes. | 1,600 |
345,681 | 16,804,073 | 1,626 | Examples described herein provide a computer-implemented method that includes initiating a logic built-in self-test (LBIST) of a device under test (DUT). The method further includes performing latch state counting using a multiple input signature register (MISR) of the DUT, the performing responsive to the MISR being in a counter mode. The method further includes performing a latch transition counting of latches of the DUT using the MISR of the DUT and a storage latch, the performing responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode. The method further includes performing a latch count comparison by comparing an output of the MISR responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode to an output of a count compare register, the output of the count compare register representing a desired MISR state. | 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
initiating a logic built-in self-test (LBIST) of a device under test (DUT); performing latch state counting using a multiple input signature register (MISR) of the DUT, the performing responsive to the MISR being in a counter mode; performing a latch transition counting of latches of the DUT using the MISR of the DUT and a storage latch, the performing responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode; and performing a latch count comparison by comparing an output of the MISR responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode to an output of a count compare register, the output of the count compare register representing a desired MISR state. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating a signature by the MISR responsive to the MISR being in a signature mode. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the MISR is in the counter mode or the signature mode based on a MISR clock signal from an LBIST engine. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
prior to performing the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison, selecting, using selective signature generation, individual latches in a self-test using MISR and parallel shift register sequence generation (SRSG) (STUMP) scan chains. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison are performed on each of the individual latches iteratively. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein performing the latch transition counting is based at least in part on an MISR input global mask signal. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the latch transition counting counts a number of logic transitions from “0” to “1” and a number of logic transitions from “1” to “0.” 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the latch state counting counts a number of logic “0”s and a number of logic “1”s. 9. A computer-implemented method comprising:
evaluating logic built-in self-test (LBIST) pattern effectiveness of an LBIST pattern based at least in part on one or more pattern factors; determining whether the LBIST pattern meets the one or more pattern factors; responsive to determining that the LBIST pattern meets the one or more pattern factors, releasing the LBIST pattern for further testing and storing the LBIST pattern in a pattern database; and responsive to determining that the LBIST pattern does not meet at least one of the one or more pattern factors, modifying the LBIST pattern and performing a reevaluation of the modified LBIST pattern. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the one or more pattern factors is selected from the group consisting of a test coverage, a pattern size, a switching activity, and a test time. 11. (canceled) 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein modifying the LBIST pattern comprises:
selecting a lowest latch from a plurality of latches; extracting logic from the selected latch; modifying weights for a back-trace cone for the selected latch; applying the modified weights to the selected latch; and performing the reevaluation on the selected latch. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein modifying the LBIST pattern is iteratively performed on each latch of the plurality of latches starting with the lowest latch. 14. A system comprising:
a memory comprising computer readable instructions; and a processing device for executing the computer readable instructions, the computer readable instructions controlling the processing device to perform operations comprising:
initiating a logic built-in self-test (LBIST) of a device under test (DUT);
performing latch state counting using a multiple input signature register (MISR) of the DUT, the performing responsive to the MISR being in a counter mode;
performing a latch transition counting of latches of the DUT using the MISR of the DUT and a storage latch, the performing responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode; and
performing a latch count comparison by comparing an output of the MISR responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode to an output of a count compare register, the output of the count compare register representing a desired MISR state. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the operations further comprise:
generating a signature by the MISR responsive to the MISR being in a signature mode. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the MISR is in the counter mode or the signature mode based on a MISR clock signal from an LBIST engine. 17. The system of claim 14, wherein the operations further comprise:
prior to performing the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison, selecting, using selective signature generation, individual latches in a self-test using MISR and parallel shift register sequence generation (SRSG) (STUMP) scan chains. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison are performed on each of the individual latches iteratively. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein performing the latch transition counting is based at least in part on an MISR input global mask signal. 20. The system of claim 14, wherein the latch transition counting counts a number of logic transitions from “0” to “1” and a number of logic transitions from “1” to “0.” | Examples described herein provide a computer-implemented method that includes initiating a logic built-in self-test (LBIST) of a device under test (DUT). The method further includes performing latch state counting using a multiple input signature register (MISR) of the DUT, the performing responsive to the MISR being in a counter mode. The method further includes performing a latch transition counting of latches of the DUT using the MISR of the DUT and a storage latch, the performing responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode. The method further includes performing a latch count comparison by comparing an output of the MISR responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode to an output of a count compare register, the output of the count compare register representing a desired MISR state.1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
initiating a logic built-in self-test (LBIST) of a device under test (DUT); performing latch state counting using a multiple input signature register (MISR) of the DUT, the performing responsive to the MISR being in a counter mode; performing a latch transition counting of latches of the DUT using the MISR of the DUT and a storage latch, the performing responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode; and performing a latch count comparison by comparing an output of the MISR responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode to an output of a count compare register, the output of the count compare register representing a desired MISR state. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating a signature by the MISR responsive to the MISR being in a signature mode. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the MISR is in the counter mode or the signature mode based on a MISR clock signal from an LBIST engine. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
prior to performing the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison, selecting, using selective signature generation, individual latches in a self-test using MISR and parallel shift register sequence generation (SRSG) (STUMP) scan chains. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison are performed on each of the individual latches iteratively. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein performing the latch transition counting is based at least in part on an MISR input global mask signal. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the latch transition counting counts a number of logic transitions from “0” to “1” and a number of logic transitions from “1” to “0.” 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the latch state counting counts a number of logic “0”s and a number of logic “1”s. 9. A computer-implemented method comprising:
evaluating logic built-in self-test (LBIST) pattern effectiveness of an LBIST pattern based at least in part on one or more pattern factors; determining whether the LBIST pattern meets the one or more pattern factors; responsive to determining that the LBIST pattern meets the one or more pattern factors, releasing the LBIST pattern for further testing and storing the LBIST pattern in a pattern database; and responsive to determining that the LBIST pattern does not meet at least one of the one or more pattern factors, modifying the LBIST pattern and performing a reevaluation of the modified LBIST pattern. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the one or more pattern factors is selected from the group consisting of a test coverage, a pattern size, a switching activity, and a test time. 11. (canceled) 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein modifying the LBIST pattern comprises:
selecting a lowest latch from a plurality of latches; extracting logic from the selected latch; modifying weights for a back-trace cone for the selected latch; applying the modified weights to the selected latch; and performing the reevaluation on the selected latch. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein modifying the LBIST pattern is iteratively performed on each latch of the plurality of latches starting with the lowest latch. 14. A system comprising:
a memory comprising computer readable instructions; and a processing device for executing the computer readable instructions, the computer readable instructions controlling the processing device to perform operations comprising:
initiating a logic built-in self-test (LBIST) of a device under test (DUT);
performing latch state counting using a multiple input signature register (MISR) of the DUT, the performing responsive to the MISR being in a counter mode;
performing a latch transition counting of latches of the DUT using the MISR of the DUT and a storage latch, the performing responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode; and
performing a latch count comparison by comparing an output of the MISR responsive to the MISR being in the counter mode to an output of a count compare register, the output of the count compare register representing a desired MISR state. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the operations further comprise:
generating a signature by the MISR responsive to the MISR being in a signature mode. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the MISR is in the counter mode or the signature mode based on a MISR clock signal from an LBIST engine. 17. The system of claim 14, wherein the operations further comprise:
prior to performing the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison, selecting, using selective signature generation, individual latches in a self-test using MISR and parallel shift register sequence generation (SRSG) (STUMP) scan chains. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the latch state counting, the latch transition counting, and the latch count comparison are performed on each of the individual latches iteratively. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein performing the latch transition counting is based at least in part on an MISR input global mask signal. 20. The system of claim 14, wherein the latch transition counting counts a number of logic transitions from “0” to “1” and a number of logic transitions from “1” to “0.” | 1,600 |
345,682 | 16,804,084 | 1,626 | A low-resolution image is displayed at high resolution and power consumption is reduced. Resolution is made higher by super-resolution processing. Then, display is performed with the luminance of a backlight controlled by local dimming after the super-resolution processing. By controlling the luminance of the backlight, power consumption can be reduced. Further, by performing the local dimming after the super-resolution processing, accurate display can be performed. | 1. (canceled) 2. A head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; and a first display portion, the first display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of displaying images with an increased frame rate due to the generation of frames. 3. The head mounted display device according to claim 2, further comprising:
an earphone; and a support portion. 4. The head mounted display device according to claim 2, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of double-frame rate driving or quadruple-frame rate driving. 5. The head mounted display device according to claim 2,
wherein at least one of an overdrive processing, a super-resolution processing, an edge-enhancement processing, a frame interpolation processing, and a local dimming processing is performed. 6. The head mounted display device according to claim 2, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of increasing the resolution by converting a low-resolution image into a high-resolution image. 7. A head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; a sensor; a speaker; and a first display portion, the first display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element. 8. The head mounted display device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a connection terminal; a support portion; and an operation key. 9. The head mounted display device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a second display portion; the second display portion comprising:
a substrate;
a silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element,
wherein the head mounted display device is configured to display a three-dimensional image. 10. The head mounted display device according to claim 7,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of double-frame rate driving or quadruple-frame rate driving. 11. The head mounted display device according to claim 7,
wherein at least one of an overdrive processing, a super-resolution processing, an edge-enhancement processing, a frame interpolation processing, and a local dimming processing is performed. 12. The head mounted display device according to claim 7,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of displaying images with an increased frame rate due to the generation of frames, wherein the sensor is a first sensor, wherein the head mounted display device comprises a second sensor, and wherein the first sensor and the second sensor have a function of measuring force, displacement, position, speed, acceleration, angular velocity, rotational frequency, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, electric power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, oscillation, odor, or infrared ray. 13. The head mounted display device according to claim 7, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of increasing the resolution by converting a low-resolution image into a high-resolution image. 14. A head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; a sensor; a speaker; and a first display portion, the first display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element,
a second display portion, the second display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element. 15. The head mounted display device according to claim 14, further comprising:
a connection terminal; a support portion; and an operation key. 16. The head mounted display device according to claim 14,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of double-frame rate driving or quadruple-frame rate driving. 17. The head mounted display device according to claim 14,
wherein at least one of an overdrive processing, a super-resolution processing, an edge-enhancement processing, a frame interpolation processing, and a local dimming processing is performed. 18. The head mounted display device according to claim 14,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of displaying images with an increased frame rate due to the generation of frames, wherein the sensor is a first sensor, wherein the head mounted display device comprises a second sensor, and wherein the first sensor and the second sensor have a function of measuring force, displacement, position, speed, acceleration, angular velocity, rotational frequency, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, electric power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, oscillation, odor, or infrared ray. 19. The head mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of increasing the resolution by converting a low-resolution image into a high-resolution image. 20. The head mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein a three-dimensional image is displayed by displaying images where parallax is considered. | A low-resolution image is displayed at high resolution and power consumption is reduced. Resolution is made higher by super-resolution processing. Then, display is performed with the luminance of a backlight controlled by local dimming after the super-resolution processing. By controlling the luminance of the backlight, power consumption can be reduced. Further, by performing the local dimming after the super-resolution processing, accurate display can be performed.1. (canceled) 2. A head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; and a first display portion, the first display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of displaying images with an increased frame rate due to the generation of frames. 3. The head mounted display device according to claim 2, further comprising:
an earphone; and a support portion. 4. The head mounted display device according to claim 2, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of double-frame rate driving or quadruple-frame rate driving. 5. The head mounted display device according to claim 2,
wherein at least one of an overdrive processing, a super-resolution processing, an edge-enhancement processing, a frame interpolation processing, and a local dimming processing is performed. 6. The head mounted display device according to claim 2, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of increasing the resolution by converting a low-resolution image into a high-resolution image. 7. A head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; a sensor; a speaker; and a first display portion, the first display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element. 8. The head mounted display device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a connection terminal; a support portion; and an operation key. 9. The head mounted display device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a second display portion; the second display portion comprising:
a substrate;
a silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element,
wherein the head mounted display device is configured to display a three-dimensional image. 10. The head mounted display device according to claim 7,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of double-frame rate driving or quadruple-frame rate driving. 11. The head mounted display device according to claim 7,
wherein at least one of an overdrive processing, a super-resolution processing, an edge-enhancement processing, a frame interpolation processing, and a local dimming processing is performed. 12. The head mounted display device according to claim 7,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of displaying images with an increased frame rate due to the generation of frames, wherein the sensor is a first sensor, wherein the head mounted display device comprises a second sensor, and wherein the first sensor and the second sensor have a function of measuring force, displacement, position, speed, acceleration, angular velocity, rotational frequency, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, electric power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, oscillation, odor, or infrared ray. 13. The head mounted display device according to claim 7, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of increasing the resolution by converting a low-resolution image into a high-resolution image. 14. A head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; a sensor; a speaker; and a first display portion, the first display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element,
a second display portion, the second display portion comprising:
a glass substrate;
a polycrystalline silicon transistor; and
a liquid crystal element or a light-emitting element. 15. The head mounted display device according to claim 14, further comprising:
a connection terminal; a support portion; and an operation key. 16. The head mounted display device according to claim 14,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of double-frame rate driving or quadruple-frame rate driving. 17. The head mounted display device according to claim 14,
wherein at least one of an overdrive processing, a super-resolution processing, an edge-enhancement processing, a frame interpolation processing, and a local dimming processing is performed. 18. The head mounted display device according to claim 14,
wherein the head mounted display device is capable of displaying images with an increased frame rate due to the generation of frames, wherein the sensor is a first sensor, wherein the head mounted display device comprises a second sensor, and wherein the first sensor and the second sensor have a function of measuring force, displacement, position, speed, acceleration, angular velocity, rotational frequency, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, electric power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, oscillation, odor, or infrared ray. 19. The head mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein the head mounted display device is capable of increasing the resolution by converting a low-resolution image into a high-resolution image. 20. The head mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein a three-dimensional image is displayed by displaying images where parallax is considered. | 1,600 |
345,683 | 16,804,069 | 1,626 | A power transmission device has a back torque transmission cam that brings driving clutch plates 6 and driven clutch plates 7 into press contact with each other. This occurs by moving a second clutch member 4 b when a rotational force is input to a first clutch member 4 a, via the output shaft 3. A pressure member 5 is located at a non-actuation position. A back torque transmission cam can hold abutment between an interlocking member 9 and weight member 8 by moving the second clutch member 4 b in a direction of being brought into proximity to the interlocking member 9. | 1. A power transmission device comprising:
a clutch housing rotatable together with an input member, the input member is rotatable by a drive force of an engine of a vehicle, a plurality of driving clutch plates attached to the clutch housing; a clutch member coupled to an output member that can rotate a wheel of the vehicle, a plurality of driven clutch plates attached to the clutch member, the driven clutch plates are alternately positioned with the driving clutch plates of the clutch housing; a pressure member movable between an actuation position and a non-actuation position, in the actuation position drive force of the engine can be transmitted to the wheel with the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates brought into press contact with each other, in the non-actuation position, transmission of the drive force of the engine to the wheel can be blocked by releasing a press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates; a weight member disposed in a groove portion in the clutch housing, the groove portion extend in a radial direction, the weight member is movable, by a centrifugal force due to rotation of the clutch housing, from a radially inner position to a radially outer position of the groove portion; and an interlocking member moving the pressure member from the non-actuation position to the actuation position as the weight member is moved from the radially inner position to the radially outer position; the clutch member comprising:
a first clutch member coupled to the output member,
a second clutch member attached to the driven clutch plates,
a back torque transmission cam brings the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates into press contact with each other by moving the second clutch member when the pressure member is located at the non-actuation position and a rotational force is input to the first clutch member via the output member; and
the back torque transmission cam can hold abutment between the interlocking member and the weight member by moving the second clutch member in a direction of being brought into proximity to the interlocking member. 2. The power transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the back torque transmission cam including respective cam surfaces formed integrally with the first clutch member and the second clutch member, and the cam surfaces are formed on respective mating surfaces of the first clutch member and the second clutch member. 3. The power transmission device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of cam surfaces are formed along a circular ring shape of the driven clutch plates that are attached to the second clutch member. 4. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a press-contact assist cam with a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the press-contact assist cam increasing the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when a rotational force input to the input member can be transmitted to the output member. 5. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a back torque limiter cam with a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the back torque limiter cam able to release the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when the clutch member and the pressure member are rotated relative to each other with rotation of the output member exceeding a rotational speed of the input member, and the back torque transmission cam configured to be actuated before actuation of the back torque limiter cam. | A power transmission device has a back torque transmission cam that brings driving clutch plates 6 and driven clutch plates 7 into press contact with each other. This occurs by moving a second clutch member 4 b when a rotational force is input to a first clutch member 4 a, via the output shaft 3. A pressure member 5 is located at a non-actuation position. A back torque transmission cam can hold abutment between an interlocking member 9 and weight member 8 by moving the second clutch member 4 b in a direction of being brought into proximity to the interlocking member 9.1. A power transmission device comprising:
a clutch housing rotatable together with an input member, the input member is rotatable by a drive force of an engine of a vehicle, a plurality of driving clutch plates attached to the clutch housing; a clutch member coupled to an output member that can rotate a wheel of the vehicle, a plurality of driven clutch plates attached to the clutch member, the driven clutch plates are alternately positioned with the driving clutch plates of the clutch housing; a pressure member movable between an actuation position and a non-actuation position, in the actuation position drive force of the engine can be transmitted to the wheel with the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates brought into press contact with each other, in the non-actuation position, transmission of the drive force of the engine to the wheel can be blocked by releasing a press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates; a weight member disposed in a groove portion in the clutch housing, the groove portion extend in a radial direction, the weight member is movable, by a centrifugal force due to rotation of the clutch housing, from a radially inner position to a radially outer position of the groove portion; and an interlocking member moving the pressure member from the non-actuation position to the actuation position as the weight member is moved from the radially inner position to the radially outer position; the clutch member comprising:
a first clutch member coupled to the output member,
a second clutch member attached to the driven clutch plates,
a back torque transmission cam brings the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates into press contact with each other by moving the second clutch member when the pressure member is located at the non-actuation position and a rotational force is input to the first clutch member via the output member; and
the back torque transmission cam can hold abutment between the interlocking member and the weight member by moving the second clutch member in a direction of being brought into proximity to the interlocking member. 2. The power transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the back torque transmission cam including respective cam surfaces formed integrally with the first clutch member and the second clutch member, and the cam surfaces are formed on respective mating surfaces of the first clutch member and the second clutch member. 3. The power transmission device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of cam surfaces are formed along a circular ring shape of the driven clutch plates that are attached to the second clutch member. 4. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a press-contact assist cam with a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the press-contact assist cam increasing the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when a rotational force input to the input member can be transmitted to the output member. 5. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a back torque limiter cam with a gradient surface, formed on the first clutch member, and a gradient surface, formed on the pressure member, facing each other, the back torque limiter cam able to release the press-contact force between the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates when the clutch member and the pressure member are rotated relative to each other with rotation of the output member exceeding a rotational speed of the input member, and the back torque transmission cam configured to be actuated before actuation of the back torque limiter cam. | 1,600 |
345,684 | 16,804,104 | 1,626 | A system and method of cognitive radio control to allow for low probability of detection and/or low probability of exploitation communications in a contested or hostile environment. The cognitive radio system of the present disclosure can reason over policy constraints and real-time data to make dynamic changes to mission parameters in real-time. | 1. A cognitive radio system comprising:
at least one antenna in operable communication with at least one transceiver, the at least one antenna and at least one transceiver operable to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals; and a processor in operable communication with the at least one transceiver, the processor operable to determine and place a set of constraints on the operation of the at least one transceiver and at least one antenna according to the location of cognitive radio system relative to a remote receiver; wherein the set of constraints further comprise at least one of a transmission power constraint, a transmission direction constraint, and a transmission location constraint and wherein the set of constraints is operable to prevent at least one of detection and exploitation of the cognitive radio system by the remote receiver. 2. The cognitive radio system of claim 1 further comprising:
at least one non-transitory computer readable storage medium having instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by the processor, implements operations to determine the set of constraints, the instructions comprising:
identify at least one active receiver within a theater;
determine a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall specific to the at least one active receiver;
calculate the spectral flux density (SFD) for the at least one active receiver; and
determine at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of the at least one active receiver. 3. The cognitive radio system of claim 2 wherein the instructions further comprise:
determine a SNR wall specific to each of the at least one active receivers within the theater;
calculate the SFD for each of the at least one active receivers within the theater;
determine at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of each of the at least one active receivers; and
generate a mission plan using the at least one determined constraint for each of the at least one active receivers prior to initiating a mission into the theater. 4. The cognitive radio system of claim 2 wherein the processor determines each of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint for each of the at least one active receivers. 5. The cognitive radio system of claim 3 wherein the mission plan includes a mission path and at least one communications node. 6. The cognitive radio system of claim 5 wherein the instructions further comprise:
generate a communications signal from a platform operating in the theater from the at least one communications node according to the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint. 7. The cognitive radio system of claim 3 wherein the instructions further comprise:
modify at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint for the at least one active receiver in real-time; and
modify the mission plan in real-time according to the modification to at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint for the at least one active receiver. 8. The cognitive radio system of claim 7 wherein the modification of the mission plan changes at least one of a mission path and at least one communications node. 9. A method of secure communications within a contested environment comprising:
identifying at least one active receiver within a theater; determining a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall specific to the at least one active receiver; calculating the spectral flux density (SFD) for the at least one active receiver; determining at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of the at least one active receiver prior to initiating a mission into the theater; initiating the mission into the theater; collecting data in real-time relating to the at least one active receiver; and modifying the mission in real-time according to the data collected. 10. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
determining each of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of the at least one active receiver. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
re-calculating the SFD for the at least one active receiver according to the data collected; and
re-determining the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the re-calculated SFD of the at least one active receiver. 12. The method of claim 10 further comprising:
determining a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall specific to each of the at least one active receivers within the theater;
calculating the SFD for each of the at least one active receivers; and
determining at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of each of the at least one active receivers prior to initiating the mission into the theater. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
re-calculating the SFD for one or more of the at least one active receivers according to the data collected; and
re-determining the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the re-calculated SFD of the one or more of the at least one active receivers. 14. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
generating a mission plan having a mission path and at least one communications node prior to initiating the mission. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
modifying at least one of the mission path and at least one of the at least one communications node. 16. The method of claim 14 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
modifying both of the mission path and at least one of the at least one communications node. 17. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
generating a communications signal from a platform operating in the theater from the at least one communications node according to the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
re-calculating the SFD for the at least one active receiver according to the data collected;
re-determining the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the re-calculated SFD of the at least one active receiver; and
modifying the communications signal according to the at least one re-determined transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint. 19. A cognitive radio comprising:
at least one antenna in operable communication with at least one transceiver, the at least one antenna and at least one transceiver operable to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals; and a processor in operable communication with the at least one transceiver, the processor having a reasoner operable to determine and place a set of constraints on the operation of the at least one transceiver and at least one antenna according to the location of cognitive radio system relative to a remote receiver; wherein the set of constraints further comprise at least one of a transmission power constraint, a transmission direction constraint, and a transmission location constraint. 20. The cognitive radio of claim 19 wherein the reasoner is further operable to modify the set of constraints in real-time. | A system and method of cognitive radio control to allow for low probability of detection and/or low probability of exploitation communications in a contested or hostile environment. The cognitive radio system of the present disclosure can reason over policy constraints and real-time data to make dynamic changes to mission parameters in real-time.1. A cognitive radio system comprising:
at least one antenna in operable communication with at least one transceiver, the at least one antenna and at least one transceiver operable to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals; and a processor in operable communication with the at least one transceiver, the processor operable to determine and place a set of constraints on the operation of the at least one transceiver and at least one antenna according to the location of cognitive radio system relative to a remote receiver; wherein the set of constraints further comprise at least one of a transmission power constraint, a transmission direction constraint, and a transmission location constraint and wherein the set of constraints is operable to prevent at least one of detection and exploitation of the cognitive radio system by the remote receiver. 2. The cognitive radio system of claim 1 further comprising:
at least one non-transitory computer readable storage medium having instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by the processor, implements operations to determine the set of constraints, the instructions comprising:
identify at least one active receiver within a theater;
determine a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall specific to the at least one active receiver;
calculate the spectral flux density (SFD) for the at least one active receiver; and
determine at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of the at least one active receiver. 3. The cognitive radio system of claim 2 wherein the instructions further comprise:
determine a SNR wall specific to each of the at least one active receivers within the theater;
calculate the SFD for each of the at least one active receivers within the theater;
determine at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of each of the at least one active receivers; and
generate a mission plan using the at least one determined constraint for each of the at least one active receivers prior to initiating a mission into the theater. 4. The cognitive radio system of claim 2 wherein the processor determines each of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint for each of the at least one active receivers. 5. The cognitive radio system of claim 3 wherein the mission plan includes a mission path and at least one communications node. 6. The cognitive radio system of claim 5 wherein the instructions further comprise:
generate a communications signal from a platform operating in the theater from the at least one communications node according to the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint. 7. The cognitive radio system of claim 3 wherein the instructions further comprise:
modify at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint for the at least one active receiver in real-time; and
modify the mission plan in real-time according to the modification to at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint for the at least one active receiver. 8. The cognitive radio system of claim 7 wherein the modification of the mission plan changes at least one of a mission path and at least one communications node. 9. A method of secure communications within a contested environment comprising:
identifying at least one active receiver within a theater; determining a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall specific to the at least one active receiver; calculating the spectral flux density (SFD) for the at least one active receiver; determining at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of the at least one active receiver prior to initiating a mission into the theater; initiating the mission into the theater; collecting data in real-time relating to the at least one active receiver; and modifying the mission in real-time according to the data collected. 10. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
determining each of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of the at least one active receiver. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
re-calculating the SFD for the at least one active receiver according to the data collected; and
re-determining the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the re-calculated SFD of the at least one active receiver. 12. The method of claim 10 further comprising:
determining a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall specific to each of the at least one active receivers within the theater;
calculating the SFD for each of the at least one active receivers; and
determining at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the SFD of each of the at least one active receivers prior to initiating the mission into the theater. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
re-calculating the SFD for one or more of the at least one active receivers according to the data collected; and
re-determining the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the re-calculated SFD of the one or more of the at least one active receivers. 14. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
generating a mission plan having a mission path and at least one communications node prior to initiating the mission. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
modifying at least one of the mission path and at least one of the at least one communications node. 16. The method of claim 14 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
modifying both of the mission path and at least one of the at least one communications node. 17. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
generating a communications signal from a platform operating in the theater from the at least one communications node according to the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein modifying the mission further comprises:
re-calculating the SFD for the at least one active receiver according to the data collected;
re-determining the at least one of the transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint relative to the re-calculated SFD of the at least one active receiver; and
modifying the communications signal according to the at least one re-determined transmission power constraint, the transmission direction constraint, and the transmission location constraint. 19. A cognitive radio comprising:
at least one antenna in operable communication with at least one transceiver, the at least one antenna and at least one transceiver operable to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals; and a processor in operable communication with the at least one transceiver, the processor having a reasoner operable to determine and place a set of constraints on the operation of the at least one transceiver and at least one antenna according to the location of cognitive radio system relative to a remote receiver; wherein the set of constraints further comprise at least one of a transmission power constraint, a transmission direction constraint, and a transmission location constraint. 20. The cognitive radio of claim 19 wherein the reasoner is further operable to modify the set of constraints in real-time. | 1,600 |
345,685 | 16,804,078 | 1,626 | A technique relates to a head apparatus for a user. A structure has an opening. A light source includes one or more graphene elements. | 1. A head apparatus for a user comprising:
a structure having an opening; and at least one light source positioned to the structure, a removable section of a top layer of the structure covering the at least one light source, one or more fasteners fixedly attaching the removable section of the top layer of the structure. 2. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is arranged on at least one or more portions of the structure. 3. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is positioned within at least one or more portions of the structure. 4. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is embedded in the structure. 5. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source comprises one or more organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or one or more LEDs. 6. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the removable section comprises a transparent portion of the structure. 7. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the removable section comprises a semitransparent portion of the structure. 8. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is removable. 9. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is in a void of the structure such that the removable section covers the at least one light source. 10. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein illumination of the at least one light source is configured to be at least one or individually controlled and controlled as a group. 11. A head apparatus for a user comprising:
a structure having an opening; and at least one light source comprising one or more organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or one or more LEDs, a removable section of a top layer of the structure covering the at least one light source, one or more fasteners fixedly attaching the removable section of the top layer of the structure. 12. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is arranged on at least one or more portions of the structure. 13. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is positioned within at least one or more portions of the structure. 14. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is embedded in the structure. 15. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the removable section comprises a transparent portion of the structure. 16. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the removable section comprises a semitransparent portion of the structure. 17. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is removable. 18. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is in a void of the structure such that the removable section covers the at least one light source. 19. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein illumination of the at least one light source is configured to be at least one or individually controlled and controlled as a group. 20. A football helmet comprising;
a structure having an opening; a face mask attached to the structure; and a removable section of the structure covering at least one light source, one or more fasteners fixedly attaching the removable section of the structure. | A technique relates to a head apparatus for a user. A structure has an opening. A light source includes one or more graphene elements.1. A head apparatus for a user comprising:
a structure having an opening; and at least one light source positioned to the structure, a removable section of a top layer of the structure covering the at least one light source, one or more fasteners fixedly attaching the removable section of the top layer of the structure. 2. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is arranged on at least one or more portions of the structure. 3. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is positioned within at least one or more portions of the structure. 4. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is embedded in the structure. 5. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source comprises one or more organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or one or more LEDs. 6. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the removable section comprises a transparent portion of the structure. 7. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the removable section comprises a semitransparent portion of the structure. 8. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is removable. 9. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source is in a void of the structure such that the removable section covers the at least one light source. 10. The head apparatus of claim 1, wherein illumination of the at least one light source is configured to be at least one or individually controlled and controlled as a group. 11. A head apparatus for a user comprising:
a structure having an opening; and at least one light source comprising one or more organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or one or more LEDs, a removable section of a top layer of the structure covering the at least one light source, one or more fasteners fixedly attaching the removable section of the top layer of the structure. 12. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is arranged on at least one or more portions of the structure. 13. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is positioned within at least one or more portions of the structure. 14. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is embedded in the structure. 15. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the removable section comprises a transparent portion of the structure. 16. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the removable section comprises a semitransparent portion of the structure. 17. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is removable. 18. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one light source is in a void of the structure such that the removable section covers the at least one light source. 19. The head apparatus of claim 11, wherein illumination of the at least one light source is configured to be at least one or individually controlled and controlled as a group. 20. A football helmet comprising;
a structure having an opening; a face mask attached to the structure; and a removable section of the structure covering at least one light source, one or more fasteners fixedly attaching the removable section of the structure. | 1,600 |
345,686 | 16,804,085 | 1,626 | A method and system for efficient virtual machine operation while recovering data. Specifically, the disclosed method and system enable the activation of virtual machines while virtual machine data, pertinent to the virtual machines, may concurrently be undergoing restoration. By activation, virtual machines may be permitted to issue input-output operations targeting their respective virtual machine data. Further, whether or not the sought virtual machine data has been recovered, fulfillment of the input-output operations may entail accessing virtual machine data either stored locally or retained remotely on a backup storage service. | 1. A method for processing read requests, comprising:
while concurrently recovering virtual machine data pertinent to a virtual machine:
receiving, from the virtual machine, a first read request comprising a first virtual disk block address;
obtaining a first block bitmap state using the first virtual disk block address;
reading, based on the first block bitmap state, first virtual machine data stored remotely on a backup storage service at the first virtual disk block address; and
providing, in response to the first read request, the first virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first block bitmap state reflects a first value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is empty. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first virtual disk block address references the virtual disk block, wherein the virtual disk is locally accessible. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
storing the first virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the first virtual disk block address; and updating the block bitmap to replace the first block bitmap state with a new first block bitmap state, wherein the virtual disk is associated with the virtual machine. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the new first block bitmap state reflects a second value indicative that the virtual disk block of the virtual disk is non-empty. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from the virtual machine, a second read request comprising a second virtual disk block address; obtaining a second block bitmap state using the second virtual disk block address; reading, based on the second block bitmap state, second virtual machine data stored locally on a virtual disk at the second virtual disk block address; and providing, in response to the second read request, the second virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second block bitmap state reflects a value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is non-empty. 8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
performing an analysis on historical input-output (TO) patterns exhibited by the virtual machine to identify a third virtual disk block address; reading third virtual machine data stored remotely on the backup storage service at the third virtual disk block address; storing the third virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the third virtual disk block address; and updating the block bitmap to replace a third block bitmap state with a new third block bitmap state, wherein the third and new third block bitmap states are mapped to the third virtual disk block address in the block bitmap. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the third virtual machine data represents prospective virtual machine data predicted to be sought next by the virtual machine. 10. A non-transitory computer readable medium (CRM) comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by a computer processor, enables the computer processor to:
while concurrently recovering virtual machine data pertinent to a virtual machine:
receive, from the virtual machine, a first read request comprising a first virtual disk block address;
obtain a first block bitmap state using the first virtual disk block address;
read, based on the first block bitmap state, first virtual machine data stored remotely on a backup storage service at the first virtual disk block address; and
provide, in response to the first read request, the first virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 11. The non-transitory CRM of claim 10, wherein the first block bitmap state reflects a first value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is empty. 12. The non-transitory CRM of claim 11, wherein the first virtual disk block address references the virtual disk block, wherein the virtual disk is locally accessible. 13. The non-transitory CRM of claim 11, comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by the computer processor, further enables the computer processor to:
store the first virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the first virtual disk block address; and update the block bitmap to replace the first block bitmap state with a new first block bitmap state, wherein the virtual disk is associated with the virtual machine. 14. The non-transitory CRM of claim 13, wherein the new first block bitmap state reflects a second value indicative that the virtual disk block of the virtual disk is non-empty. 15. The non-transitory CRM of claim 10, comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by the computer processor, further enables the computer processor to:
receive, from the virtual machine, a second read request comprising a second virtual disk block address; obtain a second block bitmap state using the second virtual disk block address; read, based on the second block bitmap state, second virtual machine data stored locally on a virtual disk at the second virtual disk block address; and provide, in response to the second read request, the second virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 16. The non-transitory CRM of claim 15, wherein the second block bitmap state reflects a value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is non-empty. 17. The non-transitory CRM of claim 15, comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by the computer processor, further enables the computer processor to:
perform an analysis on historical input-output (TO) patterns exhibited by the virtual machine to identify a third virtual disk block address; read third virtual machine data stored remotely on the backup storage service at the third virtual disk block address; store the third virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the third virtual disk block address; and update the block bitmap to replace a third block bitmap state with a new third block bitmap state, wherein the third and new third block bitmap states are mapped to the third virtual disk block address in the block bitmap. 18. The non-transitory CRM of claim 17, wherein the third virtual machine data represents prospective virtual machine data predicted to be sought next by the virtual machine. 19. A system, comprising:
a plurality of client devices; and a backup storage service operatively connected to the plurality of client devices, wherein a client device of the plurality of client devices comprises a computer processor programmed to:
while concurrently recovering virtual machine data pertinent to a virtual machine:
receive, from the virtual machine, a read request comprising a virtual disk block address;
obtain a block bitmap state using the virtual disk block address;
read, based on the block bitmap state, first virtual machine data stored remotely on the backup storage service at the virtual disk block address; and
provide, in response to the read request, the first virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the virtual machine executes on the client device. | A method and system for efficient virtual machine operation while recovering data. Specifically, the disclosed method and system enable the activation of virtual machines while virtual machine data, pertinent to the virtual machines, may concurrently be undergoing restoration. By activation, virtual machines may be permitted to issue input-output operations targeting their respective virtual machine data. Further, whether or not the sought virtual machine data has been recovered, fulfillment of the input-output operations may entail accessing virtual machine data either stored locally or retained remotely on a backup storage service.1. A method for processing read requests, comprising:
while concurrently recovering virtual machine data pertinent to a virtual machine:
receiving, from the virtual machine, a first read request comprising a first virtual disk block address;
obtaining a first block bitmap state using the first virtual disk block address;
reading, based on the first block bitmap state, first virtual machine data stored remotely on a backup storage service at the first virtual disk block address; and
providing, in response to the first read request, the first virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first block bitmap state reflects a first value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is empty. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first virtual disk block address references the virtual disk block, wherein the virtual disk is locally accessible. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
storing the first virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the first virtual disk block address; and updating the block bitmap to replace the first block bitmap state with a new first block bitmap state, wherein the virtual disk is associated with the virtual machine. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the new first block bitmap state reflects a second value indicative that the virtual disk block of the virtual disk is non-empty. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from the virtual machine, a second read request comprising a second virtual disk block address; obtaining a second block bitmap state using the second virtual disk block address; reading, based on the second block bitmap state, second virtual machine data stored locally on a virtual disk at the second virtual disk block address; and providing, in response to the second read request, the second virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second block bitmap state reflects a value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is non-empty. 8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
performing an analysis on historical input-output (TO) patterns exhibited by the virtual machine to identify a third virtual disk block address; reading third virtual machine data stored remotely on the backup storage service at the third virtual disk block address; storing the third virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the third virtual disk block address; and updating the block bitmap to replace a third block bitmap state with a new third block bitmap state, wherein the third and new third block bitmap states are mapped to the third virtual disk block address in the block bitmap. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the third virtual machine data represents prospective virtual machine data predicted to be sought next by the virtual machine. 10. A non-transitory computer readable medium (CRM) comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by a computer processor, enables the computer processor to:
while concurrently recovering virtual machine data pertinent to a virtual machine:
receive, from the virtual machine, a first read request comprising a first virtual disk block address;
obtain a first block bitmap state using the first virtual disk block address;
read, based on the first block bitmap state, first virtual machine data stored remotely on a backup storage service at the first virtual disk block address; and
provide, in response to the first read request, the first virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 11. The non-transitory CRM of claim 10, wherein the first block bitmap state reflects a first value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is empty. 12. The non-transitory CRM of claim 11, wherein the first virtual disk block address references the virtual disk block, wherein the virtual disk is locally accessible. 13. The non-transitory CRM of claim 11, comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by the computer processor, further enables the computer processor to:
store the first virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the first virtual disk block address; and update the block bitmap to replace the first block bitmap state with a new first block bitmap state, wherein the virtual disk is associated with the virtual machine. 14. The non-transitory CRM of claim 13, wherein the new first block bitmap state reflects a second value indicative that the virtual disk block of the virtual disk is non-empty. 15. The non-transitory CRM of claim 10, comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by the computer processor, further enables the computer processor to:
receive, from the virtual machine, a second read request comprising a second virtual disk block address; obtain a second block bitmap state using the second virtual disk block address; read, based on the second block bitmap state, second virtual machine data stored locally on a virtual disk at the second virtual disk block address; and provide, in response to the second read request, the second virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 16. The non-transitory CRM of claim 15, wherein the second block bitmap state reflects a value indicative that a virtual disk block of a virtual disk is non-empty. 17. The non-transitory CRM of claim 15, comprising computer readable program code, which when executed by the computer processor, further enables the computer processor to:
perform an analysis on historical input-output (TO) patterns exhibited by the virtual machine to identify a third virtual disk block address; read third virtual machine data stored remotely on the backup storage service at the third virtual disk block address; store the third virtual machine data locally in the virtual disk at the third virtual disk block address; and update the block bitmap to replace a third block bitmap state with a new third block bitmap state, wherein the third and new third block bitmap states are mapped to the third virtual disk block address in the block bitmap. 18. The non-transitory CRM of claim 17, wherein the third virtual machine data represents prospective virtual machine data predicted to be sought next by the virtual machine. 19. A system, comprising:
a plurality of client devices; and a backup storage service operatively connected to the plurality of client devices, wherein a client device of the plurality of client devices comprises a computer processor programmed to:
while concurrently recovering virtual machine data pertinent to a virtual machine:
receive, from the virtual machine, a read request comprising a virtual disk block address;
obtain a block bitmap state using the virtual disk block address;
read, based on the block bitmap state, first virtual machine data stored remotely on the backup storage service at the virtual disk block address; and
provide, in response to the read request, the first virtual machine data to the virtual machine. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the virtual machine executes on the client device. | 1,600 |
345,687 | 16,804,027 | 1,626 | According to one embodiment, an optical element includes a continuous gradient index distribution area, and a first medium. The continuous gradient index distribution area is configured to continuously attenuate gradient index from a center of the optical element in a radial direction. The first medium is at the center. The first medium includes an area where absolute value of imaginary part of a complex refractive index is greater than zero. | 1. An optical element comprising:
a continuous gradient index distribution area which is configured to continuously attenuate gradient index from a center of the optical element in a radial direction; and a first medium at the center, the first medium including an area where absolute value of imaginary part of a complex refractive index is greater than zero. 2. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein when a refractive index of the continuous gradient index distribution area is N, a radius from the center is r, a maximum value of the radius r is ro, and No is a constant, 3. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein when a refractive index of a contact area between the first medium and the continuous gradient index distribution area is Nmax,
a radius of the contact area is rc, a maximum value of a radius r of the optical element is ro, No is a constant, and m is a constant of 1 or more, and 4. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the first medium is a solar cell. 5. A lighting apparatus comprising:
the optical element according to claim 1; and a light source, wherein: the first medium is a fluorescent body, the light source is configured to emit light of a first wavelength, and the fluorescent body is configured to absorb the light of the first wavelength, convert the light of the first wavelength to light of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength, and emit the light of the second wavelength. 6. A solar cell device comprising;
the optical element according to claim 1; and a solar cell which is in the first medium. | According to one embodiment, an optical element includes a continuous gradient index distribution area, and a first medium. The continuous gradient index distribution area is configured to continuously attenuate gradient index from a center of the optical element in a radial direction. The first medium is at the center. The first medium includes an area where absolute value of imaginary part of a complex refractive index is greater than zero.1. An optical element comprising:
a continuous gradient index distribution area which is configured to continuously attenuate gradient index from a center of the optical element in a radial direction; and a first medium at the center, the first medium including an area where absolute value of imaginary part of a complex refractive index is greater than zero. 2. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein when a refractive index of the continuous gradient index distribution area is N, a radius from the center is r, a maximum value of the radius r is ro, and No is a constant, 3. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein when a refractive index of a contact area between the first medium and the continuous gradient index distribution area is Nmax,
a radius of the contact area is rc, a maximum value of a radius r of the optical element is ro, No is a constant, and m is a constant of 1 or more, and 4. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the first medium is a solar cell. 5. A lighting apparatus comprising:
the optical element according to claim 1; and a light source, wherein: the first medium is a fluorescent body, the light source is configured to emit light of a first wavelength, and the fluorescent body is configured to absorb the light of the first wavelength, convert the light of the first wavelength to light of a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength, and emit the light of the second wavelength. 6. A solar cell device comprising;
the optical element according to claim 1; and a solar cell which is in the first medium. | 1,600 |
345,688 | 16,804,101 | 1,626 | Exemplary embodiments of wipes dispensers are disclosed herein. An exemplary wipes dispenser having a nozzle with a wear indicator includes a container, a plurality of wipes contained within the container, a fluid for wetting the plurality of wipes, a receiving member connected to the container, and an outlet nozzle housing for holding an elastomeric outlet nozzle. The elastomeric outlet nozzle includes a wear indictor that provides a visual indication that the nozzle should be replaced. | 1. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle secured to the container;
the outlet nozzle comprises
an elastomeric member;
an aperture is located in the elastomeric member for wipes to be pulled through;
a wear indicator located proximate the aperture;
wherein the wear indicator at least partially surrounds the aperture; wherein the aperture is configured to wear and expand after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture; and wherein the wear indicator is configured to provide an indication that the nozzle should be replaced. 2. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 3. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 4. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 5. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator has a round shape. 6. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the outlet nozzle. 7. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 8. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator extends the length of the opening. 9. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; a nozzle holder secured to the container; and an outlet nozzle retained by the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle configured to rotate with respect to the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle comprising an elastomeric member; the outlet nozzle having an aperture for wipes to be pulled through; a wear indicator at least partially surrounding the aperture; wherein after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture wears and the opening of the aperture widens; wherein after the aperture widens, at least a portion of the aperture is closer to an edge of the wear indicator than it was prior to the plurality of wipes being pulled through the aperture. 10. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 11. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 12. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 13. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the nozzle. 14. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 15. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle; the outlet nozzle comprises an elastomeric member; an opening in the elastomeric member; a wear indicator located at least partially around the opening; wherein the wear indicator provides a visual reference that indicates that the opening has enlarged and the elastomeric member needs to be replaced. 16. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 17. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 18. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 19. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 20. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator slows down wear of the outlet nozzle. | Exemplary embodiments of wipes dispensers are disclosed herein. An exemplary wipes dispenser having a nozzle with a wear indicator includes a container, a plurality of wipes contained within the container, a fluid for wetting the plurality of wipes, a receiving member connected to the container, and an outlet nozzle housing for holding an elastomeric outlet nozzle. The elastomeric outlet nozzle includes a wear indictor that provides a visual indication that the nozzle should be replaced.1. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle secured to the container;
the outlet nozzle comprises
an elastomeric member;
an aperture is located in the elastomeric member for wipes to be pulled through;
a wear indicator located proximate the aperture;
wherein the wear indicator at least partially surrounds the aperture; wherein the aperture is configured to wear and expand after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture; and wherein the wear indicator is configured to provide an indication that the nozzle should be replaced. 2. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 3. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 4. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 5. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator has a round shape. 6. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the outlet nozzle. 7. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 8. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator extends the length of the opening. 9. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; a nozzle holder secured to the container; and an outlet nozzle retained by the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle configured to rotate with respect to the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle comprising an elastomeric member; the outlet nozzle having an aperture for wipes to be pulled through; a wear indicator at least partially surrounding the aperture; wherein after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture wears and the opening of the aperture widens; wherein after the aperture widens, at least a portion of the aperture is closer to an edge of the wear indicator than it was prior to the plurality of wipes being pulled through the aperture. 10. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 11. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 12. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 13. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the nozzle. 14. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 15. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle; the outlet nozzle comprises an elastomeric member; an opening in the elastomeric member; a wear indicator located at least partially around the opening; wherein the wear indicator provides a visual reference that indicates that the opening has enlarged and the elastomeric member needs to be replaced. 16. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 17. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 18. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 19. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 20. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator slows down wear of the outlet nozzle. | 1,600 |
345,689 | 16,804,093 | 1,626 | Exemplary embodiments of wipes dispensers are disclosed herein. An exemplary wipes dispenser having a nozzle with a wear indicator includes a container, a plurality of wipes contained within the container, a fluid for wetting the plurality of wipes, a receiving member connected to the container, and an outlet nozzle housing for holding an elastomeric outlet nozzle. The elastomeric outlet nozzle includes a wear indictor that provides a visual indication that the nozzle should be replaced. | 1. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle secured to the container;
the outlet nozzle comprises
an elastomeric member;
an aperture is located in the elastomeric member for wipes to be pulled through;
a wear indicator located proximate the aperture;
wherein the wear indicator at least partially surrounds the aperture; wherein the aperture is configured to wear and expand after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture; and wherein the wear indicator is configured to provide an indication that the nozzle should be replaced. 2. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 3. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 4. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 5. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator has a round shape. 6. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the outlet nozzle. 7. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 8. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator extends the length of the opening. 9. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; a nozzle holder secured to the container; and an outlet nozzle retained by the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle configured to rotate with respect to the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle comprising an elastomeric member; the outlet nozzle having an aperture for wipes to be pulled through; a wear indicator at least partially surrounding the aperture; wherein after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture wears and the opening of the aperture widens; wherein after the aperture widens, at least a portion of the aperture is closer to an edge of the wear indicator than it was prior to the plurality of wipes being pulled through the aperture. 10. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 11. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 12. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 13. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the nozzle. 14. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 15. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle; the outlet nozzle comprises an elastomeric member; an opening in the elastomeric member; a wear indicator located at least partially around the opening; wherein the wear indicator provides a visual reference that indicates that the opening has enlarged and the elastomeric member needs to be replaced. 16. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 17. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 18. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 19. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 20. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator slows down wear of the outlet nozzle. | Exemplary embodiments of wipes dispensers are disclosed herein. An exemplary wipes dispenser having a nozzle with a wear indicator includes a container, a plurality of wipes contained within the container, a fluid for wetting the plurality of wipes, a receiving member connected to the container, and an outlet nozzle housing for holding an elastomeric outlet nozzle. The elastomeric outlet nozzle includes a wear indictor that provides a visual indication that the nozzle should be replaced.1. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle secured to the container;
the outlet nozzle comprises
an elastomeric member;
an aperture is located in the elastomeric member for wipes to be pulled through;
a wear indicator located proximate the aperture;
wherein the wear indicator at least partially surrounds the aperture; wherein the aperture is configured to wear and expand after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture; and wherein the wear indicator is configured to provide an indication that the nozzle should be replaced. 2. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 3. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 4. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 5. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator has a round shape. 6. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the outlet nozzle. 7. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 8. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator extends the length of the opening. 9. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; a nozzle holder secured to the container; and an outlet nozzle retained by the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle configured to rotate with respect to the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle comprising an elastomeric member; the outlet nozzle having an aperture for wipes to be pulled through; a wear indicator at least partially surrounding the aperture; wherein after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture wears and the opening of the aperture widens; wherein after the aperture widens, at least a portion of the aperture is closer to an edge of the wear indicator than it was prior to the plurality of wipes being pulled through the aperture. 10. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 11. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 12. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 13. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the nozzle. 14. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 15. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle; the outlet nozzle comprises an elastomeric member; an opening in the elastomeric member; a wear indicator located at least partially around the opening; wherein the wear indicator provides a visual reference that indicates that the opening has enlarged and the elastomeric member needs to be replaced. 16. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 17. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 18. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 19. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 20. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator slows down wear of the outlet nozzle. | 1,600 |
345,690 | 16,804,115 | 1,626 | Exemplary embodiments of wipes dispensers are disclosed herein. An exemplary wipes dispenser having a nozzle with a wear indicator includes a container, a plurality of wipes contained within the container, a fluid for wetting the plurality of wipes, a receiving member connected to the container, and an outlet nozzle housing for holding an elastomeric outlet nozzle. The elastomeric outlet nozzle includes a wear indictor that provides a visual indication that the nozzle should be replaced. | 1. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle secured to the container;
the outlet nozzle comprises
an elastomeric member;
an aperture is located in the elastomeric member for wipes to be pulled through;
a wear indicator located proximate the aperture;
wherein the wear indicator at least partially surrounds the aperture; wherein the aperture is configured to wear and expand after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture; and wherein the wear indicator is configured to provide an indication that the nozzle should be replaced. 2. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 3. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 4. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 5. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator has a round shape. 6. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the outlet nozzle. 7. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 8. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator extends the length of the opening. 9. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; a nozzle holder secured to the container; and an outlet nozzle retained by the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle configured to rotate with respect to the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle comprising an elastomeric member; the outlet nozzle having an aperture for wipes to be pulled through; a wear indicator at least partially surrounding the aperture; wherein after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture wears and the opening of the aperture widens; wherein after the aperture widens, at least a portion of the aperture is closer to an edge of the wear indicator than it was prior to the plurality of wipes being pulled through the aperture. 10. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 11. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 12. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 13. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the nozzle. 14. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 15. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle; the outlet nozzle comprises an elastomeric member; an opening in the elastomeric member; a wear indicator located at least partially around the opening; wherein the wear indicator provides a visual reference that indicates that the opening has enlarged and the elastomeric member needs to be replaced. 16. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 17. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 18. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 19. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 20. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator slows down wear of the outlet nozzle. | Exemplary embodiments of wipes dispensers are disclosed herein. An exemplary wipes dispenser having a nozzle with a wear indicator includes a container, a plurality of wipes contained within the container, a fluid for wetting the plurality of wipes, a receiving member connected to the container, and an outlet nozzle housing for holding an elastomeric outlet nozzle. The elastomeric outlet nozzle includes a wear indictor that provides a visual indication that the nozzle should be replaced.1. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle secured to the container;
the outlet nozzle comprises
an elastomeric member;
an aperture is located in the elastomeric member for wipes to be pulled through;
a wear indicator located proximate the aperture;
wherein the wear indicator at least partially surrounds the aperture; wherein the aperture is configured to wear and expand after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture; and wherein the wear indicator is configured to provide an indication that the nozzle should be replaced. 2. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 3. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 4. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 5. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator has a round shape. 6. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the outlet nozzle. 7. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 8. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator extends the length of the opening. 9. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; a nozzle holder secured to the container; and an outlet nozzle retained by the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle configured to rotate with respect to the nozzle holder; the outlet nozzle comprising an elastomeric member; the outlet nozzle having an aperture for wipes to be pulled through; a wear indicator at least partially surrounding the aperture; wherein after a plurality of wipes are pulled through the aperture wears and the opening of the aperture widens; wherein after the aperture widens, at least a portion of the aperture is closer to an edge of the wear indicator than it was prior to the plurality of wipes being pulled through the aperture. 10. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 11. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 12. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 13. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is printed on the nozzle. 14. The wipes dispenser of claim 9 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 15. A wipes dispenser comprising:
a container for holding a plurality of wipes; and an outlet nozzle; the outlet nozzle comprises an elastomeric member; an opening in the elastomeric member; a wear indicator located at least partially around the opening; wherein the wear indicator provides a visual reference that indicates that the opening has enlarged and the elastomeric member needs to be replaced. 16. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different color than the area surrounding the wear indicator. 17. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is thicker than the thickness of the material surrounding the wear indicator. 18. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is over-molded on the nozzle. 19. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator is a different material than the outlet nozzle. 20. The wipes dispenser of claim 1 wherein the wear indicator slows down wear of the outlet nozzle. | 1,600 |
345,691 | 16,804,063 | 1,626 | A press-fit insertion method is provided. The press-fit insertion method includes loading press-fit pins into a connector, heating a printed circuit board (PCB) defining plated through holes (PTHs) into which the press-fit pins are insertable and pressing the connector onto the PCB to insert the press-fit pins into the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. | 1. A press-fit insertion method, comprising:
loading press-fit pins into a connector; heating a printed circuit board (PCB) defining plated through holes (PTHs) into which the press-fit pins are insertable; and pressing the connector onto the PCB to insert the press-fit pins into the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. 2. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein an initial diameter of each press-fit pin is greater than a diameter of the corresponding PTH and the pressing causes each press-fit pin to deform without press-fit pin or PTH damage from the initial diameter during an insertion thereof. 3. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing is executed in a press and the heating comprises:
heating the PCB using a heating apparatus separate from the press; and transferring the PCB from the heating apparatus to the press. 4. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing is executed in a press and the heating comprises heating the PCB using a heating element incorporated within the press. 5. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein:
the heating of the PCB comprises heating the PCB to above an elevated temperature, the pressing is executed with the PCB remaining heated above the elevated temperature. 6. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein:
the heating comprises heating the PCB and heating one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector, and the heating of the PCB is executed to a greater degree than the heating of the one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector. 7. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing comprises at least one of:
verifying an insertion profile of the press-fit pins and the PTHs prior to the pressing; and verifying that the connector is fully seated on the PCB and that no damage is evident following the pressing. 8. A press-fit rework method, comprising:
loading press-fit pins, which are inserted into plated through holes (PTHs) of a printed circuit board (PCB), into a connector; heating the PCB; and removing the connector from the PCB to withdraw the press-fit pins from the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. 9. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein a final diameter of each press-fit pin is greater than a diameter of the corresponding PTH and the removing allows each press-fit pin to assume the final diameter without press-fit pin or PTH damage upon withdrawal. 10. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein the removing is executed in a rework tool and the heating comprises:
heating the PCB using a heating apparatus separate from the rework tool; and transferring the PCB from the heating apparatus to the rework tool. 11. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein the removing is executed in a rework tool and the heating comprises heating the PCB using a heating element incorporated within the rework tool. 12. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein:
the heating of the PCB comprises heating the PCB to above an elevated temperature, the removing is executed with the PCB remaining heated above the elevated temperature. 13. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein:
the heating comprises heating the PCB and heating one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector, and the heating of the PCB is to a greater degree than the heating of the one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector. 14. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, further comprising a press-fit insertion method, comprising:
loading press-fit pins into the connector; heating the PCB; and pressing the connector onto the PCB to insert the press-fit pins into the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. 15. A method of localized press-fit insertion and rework for use with a printed circuit board (PCB) defining sets of plated through holes (PTHs) into or from which corresponding sets of press-fit pins are insertable or withdrawable, the method comprising:
identifying a connection problem with a set of the PTHs and a corresponding set of the press-fit pins; locally heating a portion of the PCB at a location of the set of the PTHs; and manipulating the press-fit pins of the corresponding set of the press-fit pins relative to the PTHs with the portion of the PCB remaining locally heated. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the manipulating is executed in an external tool and the locally heating comprises:
locally heating the portion of the PCB using a local heating apparatus separate from the external tool; and transferring the PCB from the local heating apparatus to the external tool. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the local heating apparatus comprises a heating nozzle. 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the manipulating is executed in an external tool and the locally heating comprises locally heating the portion of the PCB using a local heating element incorporated within the external tool. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the local heating element comprises a locally activatable heating element. 20. The method according to claim 15, wherein:
the locally heating of the portion of the PCB comprises locally heating the portion of the PCB to above an elevated temperature, the manipulating is executed with the portion of the PCB remaining heated above the elevated temperature. | A press-fit insertion method is provided. The press-fit insertion method includes loading press-fit pins into a connector, heating a printed circuit board (PCB) defining plated through holes (PTHs) into which the press-fit pins are insertable and pressing the connector onto the PCB to insert the press-fit pins into the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated.1. A press-fit insertion method, comprising:
loading press-fit pins into a connector; heating a printed circuit board (PCB) defining plated through holes (PTHs) into which the press-fit pins are insertable; and pressing the connector onto the PCB to insert the press-fit pins into the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. 2. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein an initial diameter of each press-fit pin is greater than a diameter of the corresponding PTH and the pressing causes each press-fit pin to deform without press-fit pin or PTH damage from the initial diameter during an insertion thereof. 3. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing is executed in a press and the heating comprises:
heating the PCB using a heating apparatus separate from the press; and transferring the PCB from the heating apparatus to the press. 4. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing is executed in a press and the heating comprises heating the PCB using a heating element incorporated within the press. 5. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein:
the heating of the PCB comprises heating the PCB to above an elevated temperature, the pressing is executed with the PCB remaining heated above the elevated temperature. 6. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein:
the heating comprises heating the PCB and heating one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector, and the heating of the PCB is executed to a greater degree than the heating of the one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector. 7. The press-fit insertion method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing comprises at least one of:
verifying an insertion profile of the press-fit pins and the PTHs prior to the pressing; and verifying that the connector is fully seated on the PCB and that no damage is evident following the pressing. 8. A press-fit rework method, comprising:
loading press-fit pins, which are inserted into plated through holes (PTHs) of a printed circuit board (PCB), into a connector; heating the PCB; and removing the connector from the PCB to withdraw the press-fit pins from the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. 9. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein a final diameter of each press-fit pin is greater than a diameter of the corresponding PTH and the removing allows each press-fit pin to assume the final diameter without press-fit pin or PTH damage upon withdrawal. 10. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein the removing is executed in a rework tool and the heating comprises:
heating the PCB using a heating apparatus separate from the rework tool; and transferring the PCB from the heating apparatus to the rework tool. 11. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein the removing is executed in a rework tool and the heating comprises heating the PCB using a heating element incorporated within the rework tool. 12. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein:
the heating of the PCB comprises heating the PCB to above an elevated temperature, the removing is executed with the PCB remaining heated above the elevated temperature. 13. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, wherein:
the heating comprises heating the PCB and heating one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector, and the heating of the PCB is to a greater degree than the heating of the one or more of the press-fit pins and the connector. 14. The press-fit rework method according to claim 8, further comprising a press-fit insertion method, comprising:
loading press-fit pins into the connector; heating the PCB; and pressing the connector onto the PCB to insert the press-fit pins into the PTHs with the PCB remaining heated. 15. A method of localized press-fit insertion and rework for use with a printed circuit board (PCB) defining sets of plated through holes (PTHs) into or from which corresponding sets of press-fit pins are insertable or withdrawable, the method comprising:
identifying a connection problem with a set of the PTHs and a corresponding set of the press-fit pins; locally heating a portion of the PCB at a location of the set of the PTHs; and manipulating the press-fit pins of the corresponding set of the press-fit pins relative to the PTHs with the portion of the PCB remaining locally heated. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the manipulating is executed in an external tool and the locally heating comprises:
locally heating the portion of the PCB using a local heating apparatus separate from the external tool; and transferring the PCB from the local heating apparatus to the external tool. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the local heating apparatus comprises a heating nozzle. 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the manipulating is executed in an external tool and the locally heating comprises locally heating the portion of the PCB using a local heating element incorporated within the external tool. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the local heating element comprises a locally activatable heating element. 20. The method according to claim 15, wherein:
the locally heating of the portion of the PCB comprises locally heating the portion of the PCB to above an elevated temperature, the manipulating is executed with the portion of the PCB remaining heated above the elevated temperature. | 1,600 |
345,692 | 16,804,086 | 1,626 | The invention relates to pelleted ruminant feed, comprising, in pelleted or else subsequently re-crumbled form, a mixture of at least one solid particulate feed component with at least one rumen-unstable constituent which has been added to the mixture; to processes for their preparation and to their use in methods of altering the milk fat concentration. | 1-15. (canceled) 16. A method comprising administering to a lactating ruminant an uncoated pelleted ruminant feed, comprising, in pelleted form, a mixture of at least one solid particulate feed component with at least one rumen-labile constituent which has been added to the mixture, wherein the at least one rumen-labile constituent is at least one conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) or a salt thereof selected from the group consisting of:
a) cis/trans-9,11-linoleic acid; b) cis/trans-8,10-linoleic acid; c) cis/trans-11,13-linoleic acid; d) cis/trans-10,12-linoleic acid; and e) mixtures of at least two of a), b), c) and d). 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the CLA is selected from the group consisting of:
a) 9-cis,11-trans-linoleic acid; b) 10-trans,12-cis-linoleic acid; and c) mixtures of a) and b). 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the CLA is present as a pure substance or as a natural or synthetic mixture of substances, comprising at least one of these CLAs. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the uncoated pelleted ruminant feed is prepared by a process comprising:
a) mixing at least one solid particulate feed component with the at least one rumen-labile constituent; b) optionally conditioning the resulting mixture; c) compressing the optionally conditioned mixture in a pelleting, extruding or expanding device with the action of pressure and optionally steam to give pellets; and d) optionally cooling and/or drying the resulting pellets and optionally crumbling the pellets. 21. A method of altering the milk fat concentration in milk which is produced by a lactating ruminant, comprising administering to a lactating ruminant an uncoated pelleted ruminant feed, comprising, in pelleted form, a mixture of at least one solid particulate feed component with at least one rumen-labile constituent which has been added to the mixture, wherein the at least one rumen-labile constituent is at least one conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) or a salt thereof selected from the group consisting of:
a) cis/trans-9,11-linoleic acid; b) cis/trans-8,10-linoleic acid; c) cis/trans-11,13-linoleic acid; d) cis/trans-10,12-linoleic acid; and 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the lactating ruminant is a cow, goat or sheep. 23. The method of claim 16, wherein the lactating ruminant is a cow, goat or sheep. 24. The method according to claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 25. The method according to claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 26. The method according to claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 3 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 27. The method according to claim 16, wherein the rumen-labile constituent is administered to the lactating ruminant in an amount sufficient to effect milk fat depletion (MFD). | The invention relates to pelleted ruminant feed, comprising, in pelleted or else subsequently re-crumbled form, a mixture of at least one solid particulate feed component with at least one rumen-unstable constituent which has been added to the mixture; to processes for their preparation and to their use in methods of altering the milk fat concentration.1-15. (canceled) 16. A method comprising administering to a lactating ruminant an uncoated pelleted ruminant feed, comprising, in pelleted form, a mixture of at least one solid particulate feed component with at least one rumen-labile constituent which has been added to the mixture, wherein the at least one rumen-labile constituent is at least one conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) or a salt thereof selected from the group consisting of:
a) cis/trans-9,11-linoleic acid; b) cis/trans-8,10-linoleic acid; c) cis/trans-11,13-linoleic acid; d) cis/trans-10,12-linoleic acid; and e) mixtures of at least two of a), b), c) and d). 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the CLA is selected from the group consisting of:
a) 9-cis,11-trans-linoleic acid; b) 10-trans,12-cis-linoleic acid; and c) mixtures of a) and b). 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the CLA is present as a pure substance or as a natural or synthetic mixture of substances, comprising at least one of these CLAs. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the uncoated pelleted ruminant feed is prepared by a process comprising:
a) mixing at least one solid particulate feed component with the at least one rumen-labile constituent; b) optionally conditioning the resulting mixture; c) compressing the optionally conditioned mixture in a pelleting, extruding or expanding device with the action of pressure and optionally steam to give pellets; and d) optionally cooling and/or drying the resulting pellets and optionally crumbling the pellets. 21. A method of altering the milk fat concentration in milk which is produced by a lactating ruminant, comprising administering to a lactating ruminant an uncoated pelleted ruminant feed, comprising, in pelleted form, a mixture of at least one solid particulate feed component with at least one rumen-labile constituent which has been added to the mixture, wherein the at least one rumen-labile constituent is at least one conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) or a salt thereof selected from the group consisting of:
a) cis/trans-9,11-linoleic acid; b) cis/trans-8,10-linoleic acid; c) cis/trans-11,13-linoleic acid; d) cis/trans-10,12-linoleic acid; and 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the lactating ruminant is a cow, goat or sheep. 23. The method of claim 16, wherein the lactating ruminant is a cow, goat or sheep. 24. The method according to claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 25. The method according to claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 26. The method according to claim 16, wherein the amount of added rumen-labile constituent is in the range of from 3 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture to be pelleted. 27. The method according to claim 16, wherein the rumen-labile constituent is administered to the lactating ruminant in an amount sufficient to effect milk fat depletion (MFD). | 1,600 |
345,693 | 16,804,058 | 1,626 | A component-based review system for generating a digital recommendation is provided. A computing device monitors for one or more consumer-based reviews. A computing device identifies one or more commercial products or services associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews. A computing device generates a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews. | 1. A computer-implemented method, the method comprising:
monitoring, by one or more processors, for one or more consumer-based reviews relating to one or more commercial products or services; identifying, by one or more processors, one or more individual components of the commercial products or services, the individual components having respective individual ratings in the one or more consumer-based reviews; identifying, by one or more processors, levels of expertise relating to respective consumers that submitted the one or more consumer-based reviews; generating, by one or more processors, a quality assurance value for a commercial product or service based, at least in part, on providing, as inputs to a neural network: (i) the identified one or more individual components, and (ii) the identified levels of expertise; and generating, by one or more processors, a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews based, at least in part, on the generated quality assurance value. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
communicating, by one or more processors, the digital recommendation to a user using a user interface, wherein the user interface is: (i) a web user interface (WUI) and (ii) a form based interface. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the quality assurance value is further based, at least in part, on providing additional inputs to the neural network, wherein the additional inputs include
(i) one or more overall ratings associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews, (ii) the one or more respective individual ratings for the identified one or more individual components, and (iii) a quality of feedback value relating to the one or more consumer-based reviews. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
receiving, by one or more computer processors, a review request relating to a commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase; identifying, by one or more computer processors: (i) the commercial product or service associated with the review request, and (ii) the one or more individual components of the commercial product or service associated with the review request; and determining, by one or more computer processors, one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the determining of the one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase is based, at least in part, on: (i) the one or more individual ratings of the individual components of the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase, (ii) an overall rating of the commercial product or commercial service the user wishes to purchase, (iii) one or more individual ratings of individual components of the similar commercial products or services, and (iv) an overall rating of the similar commercial products or services. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the digital recommendation represents a UI and includes: (i) an overall rating associated with a commercial product or service identified in a review request, (ii) individual ratings of the one or more individual components the commercial product or service identified in the review request, (iii) overall ratings associated with similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service identified in the review request, and (iv) individual ratings of one or more individual components associated with the similar commercial products or services. 7. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
calculating, by the one or more computer processors, an average rating associated with the commercial product or service based, at least in part, on: (i) an overall rating of the commercial product or service, (ii) respective individual ratings of the one or more individual components of the commercial product or service, and (iii) quality of received feedback associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews; generating, by the one or more computer processors, a commercial evaluation based, at least in part, on the calculated average rating; and communicating, by the one or more computer processors, the commercial evaluation to a business entity. 8. A computer program, the computer program product comprising:
one or more computer-readable storage media and program instructions stored on the one or more computer-readable storage media, the stored program instructions comprising: program instructions to monitor for one or more consumer-based reviews relating to one or more commercial products or services; program instructions to identify one or more individual components of the commercial products or services, the individual components having respective individual ratings in the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to identify levels of expertise relating to respective consumers that submitted the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a quality assurance value for a commercial product or service based, at least in part, on providing, as inputs to a neural network: (i) the identified one or more individual components, and (ii) the identified levels of expertise; and program instructions to generate a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews based, at least in part, on the generated quality assurance value. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, the stored program instructions further comprising:
program instructions to communicate the digital recommendation to a user using a user interface, wherein the user interface is: (i) a web user interface (WUI) and (ii) a form based interface. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the quality assurance value is further based, at least in part, on providing additional inputs to the neural network, wherein the additional inputs include
(i) one or more overall ratings associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews, (ii) the one or more respective individual ratings for the identified one or more individual components, and (iii) a quality of feedback value relating to the one or more consumer-based reviews. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, the stored program instructions further comprising:
program instructions to receive a review request relating to a commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase; program instructions to identify: (i) the commercial product or commercial service associated with the review request, and (ii) the one or more individual components of the commercial product or commercial service associated with the review request; and program instructions to determine one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase. 12. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the determining of the one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase is based, at least in part, on: (i) the one or more individual ratings of the individual components of the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase, (ii) an overall rating of the commercial product or commercial service the user wishes to purchase, (iii) one or more individual ratings of individual components of the similar commercial products or services, and (iv) an overall rating of the similar commercial products or services. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the digital recommendation represents a UI and includes: (i) an overall rating associated with a commercial product or service identified in a review request, (ii) individual ratings of the one or more individual components the commercial product or service identified in the review request, (iii) overall ratings associated with similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service identified in the review request, and (iv) individual ratings of one or more individual components associated with the similar commercial products or services. 14. The computer program product of claim 8, the stored program instruction further comprising:
program instructions to calculate an average rating associated with the commercial product or service based, at least in part, on: (i) an overall rating of the commercial product and/or service, (ii) respective individual ratings of one or more individual components of the commercial product and/or service, and (iii) quality of received feedback associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a commercial evaluation based, at least in part, on the calculated average rating; and program instructions to communicate the commercial evaluation to a business entity. 15. A computer system, the computer system comprising:
one or more computer processors; one or more computer readable storage medium; and program instructions stored on the computer readable storage medium for execution by at least one of the one or more processors, the stored program instructions comprising: program instructions to monitor for one or more consumer-based reviews relating to one or more commercial products or services; program instructions to identify one or more individual components of the commercial products or services, the individual components having respective individual ratings in the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to identify levels of expertise relating to respective consumers that submitted the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a quality assurance value for a commercial product or service based, at least in part, on providing, as inputs to a neural network: (i) the identified one or more individual components, and (ii) the identified levels of expertise; and program instructions to generate a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews based, at least in part, on the generated quality assurance value. 16. The computer system of claim 15, wherein the quality assurance value is further based, at least in part, on providing additional inputs to the neural network, wherein the additional inputs include
(i) one or more overall ratings associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews, (ii) the one or more respective individual ratings for the identified one or more individual components, and (iii) a quality of feedback value relating to the one or more consumer-based reviews. 17. The computer system of claim 15, the stored program instructions further comprising
program instructions to receive a review request relating to a commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase; program instructions to identify: (i) the commercial product or commercial service associated with the review request, and (ii) the one or more individual components of the commercial product or commercial service, associated with the review request; and program instructions to determine one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase. 18. The computer system of claim 15, wherein the determining of the one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase is based, at least in part, on: (i) the one or more individual ratings of the individual components of the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase, (ii) an overall rating of the commercial product or commercial service the user wishes to purchase, (iii) one or more individual ratings of individual components of the similar commercial products or services, and (iv) an overall rating of the similar commercial products or services. 19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the digital recommendation represents a UI and includes: (i) an overall rating associated with a commercial product or service identified in a review request, (ii) individual ratings of the one or more individual components the commercial product or service identified in the review request, (iii) overall ratings associated with similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service identified in the review request, and (iv) individual ratings of one or more individual components associated with the similar commercial products or services. 20. The computer system of claim 15, the stored program instructions further comprising:
program instructions to calculate an average rating associated with the commercial product or service based, at least in part, on: (i) an overall rating of the commercial product and/or service, (ii) respective individual ratings of one or more individual components of the commercial product and/or service, and (iii) quality of received feedback associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a commercial evaluation based, at least in part, on the calculated average rating; and program instructions to communicate the commercial evaluation to a business entity. | A component-based review system for generating a digital recommendation is provided. A computing device monitors for one or more consumer-based reviews. A computing device identifies one or more commercial products or services associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews. A computing device generates a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews.1. A computer-implemented method, the method comprising:
monitoring, by one or more processors, for one or more consumer-based reviews relating to one or more commercial products or services; identifying, by one or more processors, one or more individual components of the commercial products or services, the individual components having respective individual ratings in the one or more consumer-based reviews; identifying, by one or more processors, levels of expertise relating to respective consumers that submitted the one or more consumer-based reviews; generating, by one or more processors, a quality assurance value for a commercial product or service based, at least in part, on providing, as inputs to a neural network: (i) the identified one or more individual components, and (ii) the identified levels of expertise; and generating, by one or more processors, a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews based, at least in part, on the generated quality assurance value. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
communicating, by one or more processors, the digital recommendation to a user using a user interface, wherein the user interface is: (i) a web user interface (WUI) and (ii) a form based interface. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the quality assurance value is further based, at least in part, on providing additional inputs to the neural network, wherein the additional inputs include
(i) one or more overall ratings associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews, (ii) the one or more respective individual ratings for the identified one or more individual components, and (iii) a quality of feedback value relating to the one or more consumer-based reviews. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
receiving, by one or more computer processors, a review request relating to a commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase; identifying, by one or more computer processors: (i) the commercial product or service associated with the review request, and (ii) the one or more individual components of the commercial product or service associated with the review request; and determining, by one or more computer processors, one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the determining of the one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase is based, at least in part, on: (i) the one or more individual ratings of the individual components of the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase, (ii) an overall rating of the commercial product or commercial service the user wishes to purchase, (iii) one or more individual ratings of individual components of the similar commercial products or services, and (iv) an overall rating of the similar commercial products or services. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the digital recommendation represents a UI and includes: (i) an overall rating associated with a commercial product or service identified in a review request, (ii) individual ratings of the one or more individual components the commercial product or service identified in the review request, (iii) overall ratings associated with similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service identified in the review request, and (iv) individual ratings of one or more individual components associated with the similar commercial products or services. 7. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
calculating, by the one or more computer processors, an average rating associated with the commercial product or service based, at least in part, on: (i) an overall rating of the commercial product or service, (ii) respective individual ratings of the one or more individual components of the commercial product or service, and (iii) quality of received feedback associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews; generating, by the one or more computer processors, a commercial evaluation based, at least in part, on the calculated average rating; and communicating, by the one or more computer processors, the commercial evaluation to a business entity. 8. A computer program, the computer program product comprising:
one or more computer-readable storage media and program instructions stored on the one or more computer-readable storage media, the stored program instructions comprising: program instructions to monitor for one or more consumer-based reviews relating to one or more commercial products or services; program instructions to identify one or more individual components of the commercial products or services, the individual components having respective individual ratings in the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to identify levels of expertise relating to respective consumers that submitted the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a quality assurance value for a commercial product or service based, at least in part, on providing, as inputs to a neural network: (i) the identified one or more individual components, and (ii) the identified levels of expertise; and program instructions to generate a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews based, at least in part, on the generated quality assurance value. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, the stored program instructions further comprising:
program instructions to communicate the digital recommendation to a user using a user interface, wherein the user interface is: (i) a web user interface (WUI) and (ii) a form based interface. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the quality assurance value is further based, at least in part, on providing additional inputs to the neural network, wherein the additional inputs include
(i) one or more overall ratings associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews, (ii) the one or more respective individual ratings for the identified one or more individual components, and (iii) a quality of feedback value relating to the one or more consumer-based reviews. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, the stored program instructions further comprising:
program instructions to receive a review request relating to a commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase; program instructions to identify: (i) the commercial product or commercial service associated with the review request, and (ii) the one or more individual components of the commercial product or commercial service associated with the review request; and program instructions to determine one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase. 12. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the determining of the one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase is based, at least in part, on: (i) the one or more individual ratings of the individual components of the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase, (ii) an overall rating of the commercial product or commercial service the user wishes to purchase, (iii) one or more individual ratings of individual components of the similar commercial products or services, and (iv) an overall rating of the similar commercial products or services. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the digital recommendation represents a UI and includes: (i) an overall rating associated with a commercial product or service identified in a review request, (ii) individual ratings of the one or more individual components the commercial product or service identified in the review request, (iii) overall ratings associated with similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service identified in the review request, and (iv) individual ratings of one or more individual components associated with the similar commercial products or services. 14. The computer program product of claim 8, the stored program instruction further comprising:
program instructions to calculate an average rating associated with the commercial product or service based, at least in part, on: (i) an overall rating of the commercial product and/or service, (ii) respective individual ratings of one or more individual components of the commercial product and/or service, and (iii) quality of received feedback associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a commercial evaluation based, at least in part, on the calculated average rating; and program instructions to communicate the commercial evaluation to a business entity. 15. A computer system, the computer system comprising:
one or more computer processors; one or more computer readable storage medium; and program instructions stored on the computer readable storage medium for execution by at least one of the one or more processors, the stored program instructions comprising: program instructions to monitor for one or more consumer-based reviews relating to one or more commercial products or services; program instructions to identify one or more individual components of the commercial products or services, the individual components having respective individual ratings in the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to identify levels of expertise relating to respective consumers that submitted the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a quality assurance value for a commercial product or service based, at least in part, on providing, as inputs to a neural network: (i) the identified one or more individual components, and (ii) the identified levels of expertise; and program instructions to generate a digital recommendation associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews based, at least in part, on the generated quality assurance value. 16. The computer system of claim 15, wherein the quality assurance value is further based, at least in part, on providing additional inputs to the neural network, wherein the additional inputs include
(i) one or more overall ratings associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews, (ii) the one or more respective individual ratings for the identified one or more individual components, and (iii) a quality of feedback value relating to the one or more consumer-based reviews. 17. The computer system of claim 15, the stored program instructions further comprising
program instructions to receive a review request relating to a commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase; program instructions to identify: (i) the commercial product or commercial service associated with the review request, and (ii) the one or more individual components of the commercial product or commercial service, associated with the review request; and program instructions to determine one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase. 18. The computer system of claim 15, wherein the determining of the one or more similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase is based, at least in part, on: (i) the one or more individual ratings of the individual components of the commercial product or service the user wishes to purchase, (ii) an overall rating of the commercial product or commercial service the user wishes to purchase, (iii) one or more individual ratings of individual components of the similar commercial products or services, and (iv) an overall rating of the similar commercial products or services. 19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the digital recommendation represents a UI and includes: (i) an overall rating associated with a commercial product or service identified in a review request, (ii) individual ratings of the one or more individual components the commercial product or service identified in the review request, (iii) overall ratings associated with similar commercial products or services to the commercial product or service identified in the review request, and (iv) individual ratings of one or more individual components associated with the similar commercial products or services. 20. The computer system of claim 15, the stored program instructions further comprising:
program instructions to calculate an average rating associated with the commercial product or service based, at least in part, on: (i) an overall rating of the commercial product and/or service, (ii) respective individual ratings of one or more individual components of the commercial product and/or service, and (iii) quality of received feedback associated with the one or more consumer-based reviews; program instructions to generate a commercial evaluation based, at least in part, on the calculated average rating; and program instructions to communicate the commercial evaluation to a business entity. | 1,600 |
345,694 | 16,804,089 | 1,626 | A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant includes a housing positioned in the roof. The housing includes a wall with openings extending therethrough. The wall defines an interior space for receiving the airbag. A door includes projections extending into the openings for securing the door to the housing and closing the interior space. The door includes a weakened portion that ruptures in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. A door closes the interior space and includes a weakened portion that ruptures in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. Fasteners are connected to the door and extend into the openings for securing the door to the housing. | 1. A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant, comprising:
a housing positioned in the roof and including a wall with openings extending therethrough, the wall defining an interior space for receiving the airbag; a door for closing the interior space, the door including a weakened portion that ruptures in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin; and fasteners connected to the door and extending into the openings for securing the door to the housing. 2. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the housing is integrally formed in a roof liner of the roof. 3. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the housing is positioned in a pocket within a roof liner of the roof. 4. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the door includes a first side facing the roof and a second, opposing side facing the vehicle interior, the weakened portion extending from the first side towards the second side. 5. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the weakened portion extends in an inboard-outboard direction of the vehicle. 6. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the weakened portion extends in a forward-rearward direction of the vehicle. 7. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the door is concealed from view from the occupant prior to inflation of the airbag. 8. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the fasteners comprise projections integrally formed with the door. 9. The module recited in claim 8, wherein the projections form snap-fit connections with the corresponding openings in the wall. 10. The module recited in claim 8, wherein the openings are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the housing and the projections are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the door. 11. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the housing is positioned laterally between the seats and side structure of the vehicle. 12. A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant, comprising:
a housing positioned in the roof and including a wall with openings extending therethrough, the wall defining an interior space for receiving the airbag; and a door including a first side facing the roof and a second, opposing side facing the vehicle interior, projections extending from the first side and forming snap-fit connecting with the openings for securing the door to the housing and closing the interior space, a weakened portion extending from the first side towards the second side and rupturing in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. 13. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the housing is integrally formed in a roof liner of the roof. 14. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the housing is positioned in a pocket within a roof liner of the roof. 15. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the weakened portion extends in an inboard-outboard direction of the vehicle. 16. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the weakened portion extends in a forward-rearward direction of the vehicle. 17. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the door is concealed from view from the occupant prior to inflation of the airbag. 18. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the housing is positioned laterally between the seats and side structure of the vehicle. 19. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the openings are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the housing and the projections are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the door. 20. A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant, comprising:
a housing positioned in the roof and including a wall defining an interior space for receiving the airbag; and a door formed integrally with a roof liner of the vehicle for closing the interior space, the door including a first side facing the roof and a second, opposing side facing the vehicle interior, a weakened portion extending from the first side towards the second side and rupturing in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. 21. The module recited in claim 20, wherein the door abuts the wall to enclose the airbag within the housing. 22. The module recited in claim 20, wherein the door is defined by a second weakened portion in the roof liner surrounding the weakened portion. | A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant includes a housing positioned in the roof. The housing includes a wall with openings extending therethrough. The wall defines an interior space for receiving the airbag. A door includes projections extending into the openings for securing the door to the housing and closing the interior space. The door includes a weakened portion that ruptures in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. A door closes the interior space and includes a weakened portion that ruptures in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. Fasteners are connected to the door and extend into the openings for securing the door to the housing.1. A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant, comprising:
a housing positioned in the roof and including a wall with openings extending therethrough, the wall defining an interior space for receiving the airbag; a door for closing the interior space, the door including a weakened portion that ruptures in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin; and fasteners connected to the door and extending into the openings for securing the door to the housing. 2. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the housing is integrally formed in a roof liner of the roof. 3. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the housing is positioned in a pocket within a roof liner of the roof. 4. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the door includes a first side facing the roof and a second, opposing side facing the vehicle interior, the weakened portion extending from the first side towards the second side. 5. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the weakened portion extends in an inboard-outboard direction of the vehicle. 6. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the weakened portion extends in a forward-rearward direction of the vehicle. 7. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the door is concealed from view from the occupant prior to inflation of the airbag. 8. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the fasteners comprise projections integrally formed with the door. 9. The module recited in claim 8, wherein the projections form snap-fit connections with the corresponding openings in the wall. 10. The module recited in claim 8, wherein the openings are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the housing and the projections are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the door. 11. The module recited in claim 1, wherein the housing is positioned laterally between the seats and side structure of the vehicle. 12. A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant, comprising:
a housing positioned in the roof and including a wall with openings extending therethrough, the wall defining an interior space for receiving the airbag; and a door including a first side facing the roof and a second, opposing side facing the vehicle interior, projections extending from the first side and forming snap-fit connecting with the openings for securing the door to the housing and closing the interior space, a weakened portion extending from the first side towards the second side and rupturing in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. 13. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the housing is integrally formed in a roof liner of the roof. 14. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the housing is positioned in a pocket within a roof liner of the roof. 15. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the weakened portion extends in an inboard-outboard direction of the vehicle. 16. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the weakened portion extends in a forward-rearward direction of the vehicle. 17. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the door is concealed from view from the occupant prior to inflation of the airbag. 18. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the housing is positioned laterally between the seats and side structure of the vehicle. 19. The module recited in claim 12, wherein the openings are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the housing and the projections are provided in pairs on opposite sides of a centerline of the door. 20. A module for an airbag for helping to protect an occupant of a vehicle having a roof and an interior with a seat for the occupant, comprising:
a housing positioned in the roof and including a wall defining an interior space for receiving the airbag; and a door formed integrally with a roof liner of the vehicle for closing the interior space, the door including a first side facing the roof and a second, opposing side facing the vehicle interior, a weakened portion extending from the first side towards the second side and rupturing in response to inflation of the airbag for allowing the airbag to deploy into the cabin. 21. The module recited in claim 20, wherein the door abuts the wall to enclose the airbag within the housing. 22. The module recited in claim 20, wherein the door is defined by a second weakened portion in the roof liner surrounding the weakened portion. | 1,600 |
345,695 | 16,804,036 | 1,626 | Methods and systems for generating demand forecasting data of a computerized system include receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data. The system retrieves data from a database, wherein the data represent sales history associated with an item during a predefined time period. After the retrieval, the system modifies the retrieved data by removing outliers and generates demand forecasting data associated with the item by performing a Wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base. | 1. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 2. (canceled) 3. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component 4. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 5. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 6. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 7. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 8. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base. 9. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Daubechies base. 10. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Symlet base. 11. A method comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item; retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period; modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers; generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 12, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base or a Symlet base. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is Daubechies base. 20. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing sporadic out of stock days;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 21. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data 22. The method of claim 11, further comprising generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data. | Methods and systems for generating demand forecasting data of a computerized system include receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data. The system retrieves data from a database, wherein the data represent sales history associated with an item during a predefined time period. After the retrieval, the system modifies the retrieved data by removing outliers and generates demand forecasting data associated with the item by performing a Wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base.1. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 2. (canceled) 3. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component 4. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 5. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 6. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 7. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 8. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base. 9. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Daubechies base. 10. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Symlet base. 11. A method comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item; retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period; modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers; generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 12, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base or a Symlet base. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is Daubechies base. 20. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing sporadic out of stock days;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 21. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data 22. The method of claim 11, further comprising generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data. | 1,600 |
345,696 | 16,804,091 | 1,626 | Methods and systems for generating demand forecasting data of a computerized system include receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data. The system retrieves data from a database, wherein the data represent sales history associated with an item during a predefined time period. After the retrieval, the system modifies the retrieved data by removing outliers and generates demand forecasting data associated with the item by performing a Wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base. | 1. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 2. (canceled) 3. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component 4. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 5. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 6. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 7. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 8. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base. 9. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Daubechies base. 10. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Symlet base. 11. A method comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item; retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period; modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers; generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 12, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base or a Symlet base. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is Daubechies base. 20. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing sporadic out of stock days;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 21. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data 22. The method of claim 11, further comprising generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data. | Methods and systems for generating demand forecasting data of a computerized system include receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data. The system retrieves data from a database, wherein the data represent sales history associated with an item during a predefined time period. After the retrieval, the system modifies the retrieved data by removing outliers and generates demand forecasting data associated with the item by performing a Wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base.1. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 2. (canceled) 3. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component 4. The computer-implemented system of claim 2, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 5. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 6. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 7. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 8. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base. 9. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Daubechies base. 10. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the wavelet base is a Symlet base. 11. A method comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item; retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period; modifying the retrieved data by removing outliers; generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 12, wherein combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component comprises:
retrieving a range of layers to filter low frequency components from the database; filtering low frequency components associated the received range of layers from all low frequency components; and combining the filtered low frequency components with a latest high frequency component. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the predefined target layer is two. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict weekly or daily demand of the item. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the generated demand forecasting data associated with the item predict regional or national demand of the item. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the predefined time period is between 90 days to 120 days. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is a Haar base or a Symlet base. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the wavelet base is Daubechies base. 20. A computer-implemented system comprising:
one or more memory devices storing instructions; one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
receiving, from a user device, a request for generating demand forecasting data associated with an item;
retrieving data from a database, wherein the data represent an inventory of at least one item at a fulfillment center during a predefined time period;
modifying the retrieved data by removing sporadic out of stock days;
generating demand forecasting data associated with the at least one item by performing a wavelet transform on the modified data based on a wavelet base, wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises:
decomposing the modified data into a first level layer based on a wavelet base, wherein the first level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
decomposing the low frequency component into a next level layer, wherein the next level layer comprises a low frequency component and a high frequency component;
repeatedly decomposing a latest low frequency component until a predefined target layer is reached; and
combining low frequency components and a latest high frequency component; and
sending, to the user device for display, items among the plurality of items that require additional inventory based on the demand forecasting data. 21. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data 22. The method of claim 11, further comprising generating one or more purchase orders of the item to one or more suppliers based on the generated demand forecasting data. | 1,600 |
345,697 | 16,804,098 | 1,626 | Improved tilt-up and precast construction panels and improved methods for creating the same address deficiencies in the current tilt-up and precast construction panels. Improved tilt-up and precast construction panels use less concrete and less steel reinforcement and weigh less than current tilt-up and precast construction panels. Additionally, improved tilt-up and precast construction panels have greater insulative properties (both heat and sound) than do current tilt-up and precast construction panels. Improved tilt-up and precast construction panels require less labor on the construction site, thereby increasing efficiency and profitability of construction crews. Additional advantages of implementations of the invention will become apparent through the following description and by practice of implementations of the invention. | 1. A tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats; and
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct. 2. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, wherein each core body segment further comprises two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires. 3. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 2, wherein each of two of the plurality of core body segments comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires. 4. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rebar segments inserted between the parallel plane grid mats proximate to and affixed to one or the other of the parallel plane grid mats. 5. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, wherein the straight spacer wires extend between the parallel plane grid mats at an oblique angle. 6. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, wherein one or more of the core body segments comprises an embedded item to facilitate a structural connection to the tilt-up or precast construction panel either during construction or in service. 7. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 6, wherein the embedded item is located at a location on the core body segment where a portion of one of the plane grid mats is absent and a void is present in a portion of the slab of heat-insulating material underlying the absent portion of the plane grid mat to form a concrete-receiving cavity, and wherein the embedded item is secured to one or more segments of rebar extending between and secured to the plane grid mat on opposite sides of the absent portion of the plane grid mat. 8. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 6, wherein the embedded item comprises an item selected from the group consisting of a pick point; an insert for lifting and setting the tilt-up or precast construction panel; an insert adapted for connection of temporary bracing to temporarily secure the tilt-up or precast construction panel in place until roof and floor connections are made; a beam pocket; a support angle; and a plate for attachment of a structural component. 9. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1; and a layer of concrete completely surrounding the parallel plane grid mats of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1. 10. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 9, wherein the layer of concrete comprises:
concrete between the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of insulation; and concrete beyond the parallel plane grid mats. 11. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1; and one or more layers of concrete surrounding the parallel plane grid mats of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1 while leaving one or more ends of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body free of concrete to provide insulation extending to one or more edges of the tilt-up or precast construction panel. 12. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1; and one or more layers of concrete surrounding the parallel plane grid mats of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1 while leaving two or more ends of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body free of concrete to provide insulation extending to two or more edges of the tilt-up or precast construction panel. 13. A method of using the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1 to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
building a form defining the tilt-up or precast construction panel, including outer edges thereof and any openings therein;
assembling the plurality of core body segments and the plurality of plane splice mats into the tilt-up or precast construction core body;
pouring a layer of concrete into the form that has a thickness that is greater than a distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material;
laying the tilt-up or precast construction core body into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets;
pressing the tilt-up or precast construction core body into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets until the slab of heat-insulating material rests on the concrete in the form, whereby a lower of the parallel plane grid mats is surrounded by concrete;
pouring additional concrete over the tilt-up or precast construction core body in the form, whereby concrete surrounds one or more edges of the tilt-up or precast construction core body and completely covers an upper of the parallel plane grid mats a desired thickness;
finishing an upper surface of the concrete in the form; and
allowing the concrete to cure. 14. The method as recited in claim 13, further comprising, after the concrete has cured, attaching a lifting device or machine to a lifting attachment point embedded in the tilt-up or precast construction panel to lift the tilt-up or precast construction panel into a vertical position. 15. The method as recited in claim 13, wherein the layer of concrete in the form into which the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body is inserted has a thickness of at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material, and wherein the concrete that completely covers the upper of the parallel plane grid mats has a thickness at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material. 16. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
a core body comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats;
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats with a space between the slab of heat-insulating material and each of the two parallel plane grid mats; and
two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct;
wherein each of two of the plurality of core body segments comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a cured concrete shell surrounding the core body and encompassing the parallel plane grid mats of all of the core body segments. 17. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, wherein the cured concrete shell has a thickness of at least approximately twice a distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material. 18. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, wherein the straight spacer wires extend between the parallel plane grid mats at an oblique angle. 19. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, further comprising a plurality of rebar segments inserted between the parallel plane grid mats proximate to and affixed to one or the other of the parallel plane grid mats. 20. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, wherein one or more of the core body segments comprises an embedded item to facilitate a structural connection to the tilt-up or precast construction panel either during construction or in service. 21. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 20, wherein the embedded item is located at a location on the core body segment where a portion of one of the plane grid mats is absent and a void is present in a portion of the slab of heat-insulating material underlying the absent portion of the plane grid mat to form a concrete-receiving cavity, and wherein the embedded item is secured to one or more segments of rebar extending between and secured to the plane grid mat on opposite sides of the absent portion of the plane grid mat. 22. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 20, wherein the embedded item comprises an item selected from the group consisting of a pick point; an insert for lifting and setting the tilt-up or precast construction panel; an insert adapted for connection of temporary bracing to temporarily secure the tilt-up or precast construction panel in place until roof and floor connections are made; a beam pocket; a support angle; and a plate for attachment of a structural component. 23. A tilt-up or precast construction panel kit adapted to be assembled into a tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the kit comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats;
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats with a space between the slab of heat-insulating material and each of the two parallel plane grid mats; and
two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct; wherein each of two of the plurality of core body segments comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires. 24. A method of using a tilt-up or precast construction panel kit to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the method comprising:
obtaining a tilt-up or precast construction panel kit, the kit comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats;
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats with a space between the slab of heat-insulating material and each of the two parallel plane grid mats; and
two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct;
wherein two end core body segments of the plurality of core body segments each comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires;
securing one or more of the plane splice mats along substantially an entire first longitudinal edge of a first parallel plane grid mat of a first of the end core body segments with approximately half the one or more plane splice mats extending past the first longitudinal edge, the first longitudinal edge being an edge opposite the side cap grid mat; placing the first end core body segment on an underlying surface with the one or more plane splice mats lying on the underlying surface; repeating steps of:
securing one or more of the plane splice mats along substantially an entire first longitudinal edge of another core body segment with approximately half the one or more plane splice mats extending past the first longitudinal edge; and
placing the other core body segment with plane splice mats affixed thereto immediately adjacent a previous core body segment on the underlying surface such that the newly placed core body segment rests with a second longitudinal edge over the one or more plane splice mats of the previous core body segment and with the one or more plane splice mats of the other core body segment lying on the underlying surface;
when only a second end core body segment remains, placing the second end core body segment immediately adjacent the previous core body segment on the underlying surface such that a longitudinal edge opposite the side cap grid mat of the second end core body segment is immediately adjacent the previous core body segment; and securing a plurality of the plurality of plane splice mats along substantially entire joints between adjacent body segments with approximately half of the one or more plane splice mats extending to each side of its respective joint, whereby the core body segments are secured into a unitary construct. 25. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising:
inverting the unitary construct; and securing a second unsecured half of each plane splice mat to its underlying plane grid mat. 26. The method as recited in claim 24, wherein plane splice mats are secured to plane grid mats by clips. 27. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising:
inserting one or more pieces of rebar between the slab of insulating material and one of the parallel plane grid mats; and securing the rebar to the parallel plane grid mat. 28. The method as recited in claim 27, wherein rebar is placed and secured on both sides of the slab of insulating material. 29. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising inserting an embedded item into at least one of the core body segments to facilitate a structural connection to the tilt-up or precast construction panel either during construction or in service. 30. The method as recited in claim 29, wherein inserting the embedded item comprises:
removing a segment of a plane grid mat; creating a void in a portion of the slab of heat-insulating material underlying the absent portion of the plane grid mat to form a concrete-receiving cavity; and securing the embedded item to one or more segments of rebar extending between and secured to the plane grid mat on opposite sides of the absent portion of the plane grid mat. 31. The method as recited in claim 29, wherein the embedded item comprises an item selected from the group consisting of a pick point; an insert for lifting and setting the tilt-up or precast construction panel; an insert adapted for connection of temporary bracing to temporarily secure the tilt-up or precast construction panel in place until roof and floor connections are made; a beam pocket; a support angle; and a plate for attachment of a structural component. 32. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising using the unitary construct to build a tilt-up or precast panel, comprising:
building a form defining the tilt-up or precast construction panel, including outer edges thereof and any openings therein; pouring a layer of concrete into the form that has a thickness that is greater than a distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material; laying the unitary construct into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets; pressing the unitary construct into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets until the slab of heat-insulating material rests on the concrete in the form, whereby a lower of the parallel plane grid mats is surrounded by concrete; pouring additional concrete over the unitary construct in the form, whereby concrete surrounds one or more edges of the unitary construct and completely covers an upper of the parallel plane grid mats a desired thickness; finishing an upper surface of the concrete in the form; and allowing the concrete to cure. 33. The method as recited in claim 32, further comprising, after all the concrete has cured, attaching a lifting device or machine to a lifting attachment point embedded in the tilt-up or precast construction panel to lift the tilt-up or precast construction panel into a vertical position. 34. The method as recited in claim 32, wherein the layer of concrete in the form into which the unitary construct is inserted has a thickness of at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material, and wherein the concrete that completely covers the upper of the parallel plane grid mats has a thickness at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material. 35. A tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats; and
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats;
wherein the two parallel plane grid mats each have a width that is greater than a width of the slab of heat-insulating material and wherein the two parallel plane grid mats are positioned relative to the slab of heat-insulating material so as to extend beyond opposite longitudinal edges of the slab of heat-insulating material to form splicing extensions adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct. | Improved tilt-up and precast construction panels and improved methods for creating the same address deficiencies in the current tilt-up and precast construction panels. Improved tilt-up and precast construction panels use less concrete and less steel reinforcement and weigh less than current tilt-up and precast construction panels. Additionally, improved tilt-up and precast construction panels have greater insulative properties (both heat and sound) than do current tilt-up and precast construction panels. Improved tilt-up and precast construction panels require less labor on the construction site, thereby increasing efficiency and profitability of construction crews. Additional advantages of implementations of the invention will become apparent through the following description and by practice of implementations of the invention.1. A tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats; and
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct. 2. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, wherein each core body segment further comprises two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires. 3. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 2, wherein each of two of the plurality of core body segments comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires. 4. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rebar segments inserted between the parallel plane grid mats proximate to and affixed to one or the other of the parallel plane grid mats. 5. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, wherein the straight spacer wires extend between the parallel plane grid mats at an oblique angle. 6. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1, wherein one or more of the core body segments comprises an embedded item to facilitate a structural connection to the tilt-up or precast construction panel either during construction or in service. 7. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 6, wherein the embedded item is located at a location on the core body segment where a portion of one of the plane grid mats is absent and a void is present in a portion of the slab of heat-insulating material underlying the absent portion of the plane grid mat to form a concrete-receiving cavity, and wherein the embedded item is secured to one or more segments of rebar extending between and secured to the plane grid mat on opposite sides of the absent portion of the plane grid mat. 8. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 6, wherein the embedded item comprises an item selected from the group consisting of a pick point; an insert for lifting and setting the tilt-up or precast construction panel; an insert adapted for connection of temporary bracing to temporarily secure the tilt-up or precast construction panel in place until roof and floor connections are made; a beam pocket; a support angle; and a plate for attachment of a structural component. 9. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1; and a layer of concrete completely surrounding the parallel plane grid mats of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1. 10. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 9, wherein the layer of concrete comprises:
concrete between the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of insulation; and concrete beyond the parallel plane grid mats. 11. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1; and one or more layers of concrete surrounding the parallel plane grid mats of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1 while leaving one or more ends of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body free of concrete to provide insulation extending to one or more edges of the tilt-up or precast construction panel. 12. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1; and one or more layers of concrete surrounding the parallel plane grid mats of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1 while leaving two or more ends of the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body free of concrete to provide insulation extending to two or more edges of the tilt-up or precast construction panel. 13. A method of using the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 1 to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
building a form defining the tilt-up or precast construction panel, including outer edges thereof and any openings therein;
assembling the plurality of core body segments and the plurality of plane splice mats into the tilt-up or precast construction core body;
pouring a layer of concrete into the form that has a thickness that is greater than a distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material;
laying the tilt-up or precast construction core body into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets;
pressing the tilt-up or precast construction core body into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets until the slab of heat-insulating material rests on the concrete in the form, whereby a lower of the parallel plane grid mats is surrounded by concrete;
pouring additional concrete over the tilt-up or precast construction core body in the form, whereby concrete surrounds one or more edges of the tilt-up or precast construction core body and completely covers an upper of the parallel plane grid mats a desired thickness;
finishing an upper surface of the concrete in the form; and
allowing the concrete to cure. 14. The method as recited in claim 13, further comprising, after the concrete has cured, attaching a lifting device or machine to a lifting attachment point embedded in the tilt-up or precast construction panel to lift the tilt-up or precast construction panel into a vertical position. 15. The method as recited in claim 13, wherein the layer of concrete in the form into which the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body is inserted has a thickness of at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material, and wherein the concrete that completely covers the upper of the parallel plane grid mats has a thickness at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material. 16. A tilt-up or precast construction panel comprising:
a core body comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats;
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats with a space between the slab of heat-insulating material and each of the two parallel plane grid mats; and
two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct;
wherein each of two of the plurality of core body segments comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a cured concrete shell surrounding the core body and encompassing the parallel plane grid mats of all of the core body segments. 17. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, wherein the cured concrete shell has a thickness of at least approximately twice a distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material. 18. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, wherein the straight spacer wires extend between the parallel plane grid mats at an oblique angle. 19. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, further comprising a plurality of rebar segments inserted between the parallel plane grid mats proximate to and affixed to one or the other of the parallel plane grid mats. 20. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 16, wherein one or more of the core body segments comprises an embedded item to facilitate a structural connection to the tilt-up or precast construction panel either during construction or in service. 21. The tilt-up or precast construction panel as recited in claim 20, wherein the embedded item is located at a location on the core body segment where a portion of one of the plane grid mats is absent and a void is present in a portion of the slab of heat-insulating material underlying the absent portion of the plane grid mat to form a concrete-receiving cavity, and wherein the embedded item is secured to one or more segments of rebar extending between and secured to the plane grid mat on opposite sides of the absent portion of the plane grid mat. 22. The tilt-up or precast construction panel core body as recited in claim 20, wherein the embedded item comprises an item selected from the group consisting of a pick point; an insert for lifting and setting the tilt-up or precast construction panel; an insert adapted for connection of temporary bracing to temporarily secure the tilt-up or precast construction panel in place until roof and floor connections are made; a beam pocket; a support angle; and a plate for attachment of a structural component. 23. A tilt-up or precast construction panel kit adapted to be assembled into a tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the kit comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats;
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats with a space between the slab of heat-insulating material and each of the two parallel plane grid mats; and
two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct; wherein each of two of the plurality of core body segments comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires. 24. A method of using a tilt-up or precast construction panel kit to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the method comprising:
obtaining a tilt-up or precast construction panel kit, the kit comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats;
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats with a space between the slab of heat-insulating material and each of the two parallel plane grid mats; and
two end cap grid mats each comprising a first plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the first plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one of two opposite transverse ends of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires; and
a plurality of plane splice mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane splice mats being adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct;
wherein two end core body segments of the plurality of core body segments each comprises a side cap grid mat comprising a second plane grid mat of longitudinal and transverse wires, the second plane grid mat being formed into a U shape and affixed to the two parallel plane grid mats so as to encompass one longitudinal end of the slab of heat-insulating material within grid mat wires;
securing one or more of the plane splice mats along substantially an entire first longitudinal edge of a first parallel plane grid mat of a first of the end core body segments with approximately half the one or more plane splice mats extending past the first longitudinal edge, the first longitudinal edge being an edge opposite the side cap grid mat; placing the first end core body segment on an underlying surface with the one or more plane splice mats lying on the underlying surface; repeating steps of:
securing one or more of the plane splice mats along substantially an entire first longitudinal edge of another core body segment with approximately half the one or more plane splice mats extending past the first longitudinal edge; and
placing the other core body segment with plane splice mats affixed thereto immediately adjacent a previous core body segment on the underlying surface such that the newly placed core body segment rests with a second longitudinal edge over the one or more plane splice mats of the previous core body segment and with the one or more plane splice mats of the other core body segment lying on the underlying surface;
when only a second end core body segment remains, placing the second end core body segment immediately adjacent the previous core body segment on the underlying surface such that a longitudinal edge opposite the side cap grid mat of the second end core body segment is immediately adjacent the previous core body segment; and securing a plurality of the plurality of plane splice mats along substantially entire joints between adjacent body segments with approximately half of the one or more plane splice mats extending to each side of its respective joint, whereby the core body segments are secured into a unitary construct. 25. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising:
inverting the unitary construct; and securing a second unsecured half of each plane splice mat to its underlying plane grid mat. 26. The method as recited in claim 24, wherein plane splice mats are secured to plane grid mats by clips. 27. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising:
inserting one or more pieces of rebar between the slab of insulating material and one of the parallel plane grid mats; and securing the rebar to the parallel plane grid mat. 28. The method as recited in claim 27, wherein rebar is placed and secured on both sides of the slab of insulating material. 29. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising inserting an embedded item into at least one of the core body segments to facilitate a structural connection to the tilt-up or precast construction panel either during construction or in service. 30. The method as recited in claim 29, wherein inserting the embedded item comprises:
removing a segment of a plane grid mat; creating a void in a portion of the slab of heat-insulating material underlying the absent portion of the plane grid mat to form a concrete-receiving cavity; and securing the embedded item to one or more segments of rebar extending between and secured to the plane grid mat on opposite sides of the absent portion of the plane grid mat. 31. The method as recited in claim 29, wherein the embedded item comprises an item selected from the group consisting of a pick point; an insert for lifting and setting the tilt-up or precast construction panel; an insert adapted for connection of temporary bracing to temporarily secure the tilt-up or precast construction panel in place until roof and floor connections are made; a beam pocket; a support angle; and a plate for attachment of a structural component. 32. The method as recited in claim 24, further comprising using the unitary construct to build a tilt-up or precast panel, comprising:
building a form defining the tilt-up or precast construction panel, including outer edges thereof and any openings therein; pouring a layer of concrete into the form that has a thickness that is greater than a distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material; laying the unitary construct into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets; pressing the unitary construct into the concrete in the form before the concrete sets until the slab of heat-insulating material rests on the concrete in the form, whereby a lower of the parallel plane grid mats is surrounded by concrete; pouring additional concrete over the unitary construct in the form, whereby concrete surrounds one or more edges of the unitary construct and completely covers an upper of the parallel plane grid mats a desired thickness; finishing an upper surface of the concrete in the form; and allowing the concrete to cure. 33. The method as recited in claim 32, further comprising, after all the concrete has cured, attaching a lifting device or machine to a lifting attachment point embedded in the tilt-up or precast construction panel to lift the tilt-up or precast construction panel into a vertical position. 34. The method as recited in claim 32, wherein the layer of concrete in the form into which the unitary construct is inserted has a thickness of at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material, and wherein the concrete that completely covers the upper of the parallel plane grid mats has a thickness at least approximately twice the distance between one of the parallel plane grid mats and the slab of heat-insulating material. 35. A tilt-up or precast construction panel core body adapted to be set in concrete in a tilt-up or precast construction panel form and have concrete poured over the core body thereafter to form a tilt-up or precast construction panel, the tilt-up or precast construction panel core body comprising:
a plurality of core body segments, each core body segment comprising:
a welded grid body comprising:
two parallel plane grid mats of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another and welded together at the points of cross, the plane grid mats spaced apart from each other by a gap; and
straight spacer wires cut to length and welded at each end to one wire of a respective one of the grid mats; and
a slab of heat-insulating material disposed within the gap between the parallel plane grid mats;
wherein the two parallel plane grid mats each have a width that is greater than a width of the slab of heat-insulating material and wherein the two parallel plane grid mats are positioned relative to the slab of heat-insulating material so as to extend beyond opposite longitudinal edges of the slab of heat-insulating material to form splicing extensions adapted to be affixed bridging the plane grid mats of adjacent core body segments to link the adjacent core body segments into a unitary construct. | 1,600 |
345,698 | 16,804,123 | 3,632 | An adjustable bracket for a metal roof includes a bolt and a top platform with a hole sized to receive the bolt. The top platform provides a flat surface on which can be attached an L bracket. A left bracket has a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt. A right bracket has a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt. A bottom nut is sized to fit and secure the bolt. Once the top platform, the slot in the left bracket and the slot in the right bracket receive the bolt, the slot in left bracket and the slot in right bracket allow adjustment of an angle of attachment of the angle-adjustable bracket to the metal roof, until the bolt is tightened by the bottom nut. | 1. An angle-adjustable bracket for a metal roof, comprising:
a bolt; a top platform with a hole sized to receive the bolt, the top platform providing a flat surface on which can be attached an L bracket; a left bracket having a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt; a right bracket having a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt; and, a bottom nut sized to fit and secure the bolt; wherein once the top platform, the slot in the left bracket and the slot in the right bracket receive the bolt, the slot in left bracket and the slot in right bracket allow adjustment of an angle of attachment of the angle-adjustable bracket to the metal roof, until the bolt is tightened by the bottom nut. 2. An angle-adjustable bracket as in claim 1:
wherein the left bracket includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the left bracket to the metal roof; and wherein the right bracket includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the right bracket to the metal roof; and 3. An angle-adjustable bracket as in claim 1:
wherein the metal roof is an R-panel trapezoidal metal roof metal roof; wherein right bracket is shaped to fit on R-panel trapezoidal metal roofs; and wherein left bracket is shaped to fit on R-panel trapezoidal metal roofs. 4. An angle-adjustable bracket as in claim 1:
wherein the metal roof is a corrugated metal roof; wherein right bracket is shaped to fit on corrugated metal roofs; and wherein left bracket is shaped to fit on corrugated metal roofs. 5. A width adjustable bracket for a metal roof, comprising:
a bolt; a top bracket having a flat surface with a slot for receiving the bolt, the flat surface being sized to receive an L bracket; and a bottom bracket having a flat portion with a threaded hole for receiving the bolt; wherein the width adjustable bracket is assembled by placing the bolt though the slot of the top bracket and being secured to the threaded hole of the bottom bracket; and wherein once the bolt is placed through the top bracket, and placed in the threaded hole of the bottom bracket, the slot in the top bracket allows adjustment of a width of the width-adjustable bracket until the bolt is tightened into the threaded hole of the bottom bracket. 6. A width adjustable bracket as in claim 5:
wherein when the width adjustable bracket is assembled, the width adjustable bracket includes:
a first foot formed by the top bracket; and
a second foot formed by the bottom bracket. 7. A width adjustable bracket as in claim 5:
wherein when the width adjustable bracket is assembled, the width adjustable bracket includes:
a first foot formed by the top bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the top bracket to the metal roof; and
a second foot formed by the bottom bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the bottom bracket to the metal roof. 8. A width adjustable bracket as in claim 5:
wherein when the width adjustable bracket is assembled, the width adjustable bracket includes:
a first foot formed by the top bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the top bracket to the metal roof, the first foot having a curved shape that conform to a shape of a ridge of a corrugated roof; and
a second foot formed by the bottom bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the bottom bracket to the metal roof, the second foot having a curved shape that conform to the shape of the ridge of the corrugated roof. | An adjustable bracket for a metal roof includes a bolt and a top platform with a hole sized to receive the bolt. The top platform provides a flat surface on which can be attached an L bracket. A left bracket has a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt. A right bracket has a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt. A bottom nut is sized to fit and secure the bolt. Once the top platform, the slot in the left bracket and the slot in the right bracket receive the bolt, the slot in left bracket and the slot in right bracket allow adjustment of an angle of attachment of the angle-adjustable bracket to the metal roof, until the bolt is tightened by the bottom nut.1. An angle-adjustable bracket for a metal roof, comprising:
a bolt; a top platform with a hole sized to receive the bolt, the top platform providing a flat surface on which can be attached an L bracket; a left bracket having a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt; a right bracket having a curved portion with a slot for receiving the bolt; and, a bottom nut sized to fit and secure the bolt; wherein once the top platform, the slot in the left bracket and the slot in the right bracket receive the bolt, the slot in left bracket and the slot in right bracket allow adjustment of an angle of attachment of the angle-adjustable bracket to the metal roof, until the bolt is tightened by the bottom nut. 2. An angle-adjustable bracket as in claim 1:
wherein the left bracket includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the left bracket to the metal roof; and wherein the right bracket includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the right bracket to the metal roof; and 3. An angle-adjustable bracket as in claim 1:
wherein the metal roof is an R-panel trapezoidal metal roof metal roof; wherein right bracket is shaped to fit on R-panel trapezoidal metal roofs; and wherein left bracket is shaped to fit on R-panel trapezoidal metal roofs. 4. An angle-adjustable bracket as in claim 1:
wherein the metal roof is a corrugated metal roof; wherein right bracket is shaped to fit on corrugated metal roofs; and wherein left bracket is shaped to fit on corrugated metal roofs. 5. A width adjustable bracket for a metal roof, comprising:
a bolt; a top bracket having a flat surface with a slot for receiving the bolt, the flat surface being sized to receive an L bracket; and a bottom bracket having a flat portion with a threaded hole for receiving the bolt; wherein the width adjustable bracket is assembled by placing the bolt though the slot of the top bracket and being secured to the threaded hole of the bottom bracket; and wherein once the bolt is placed through the top bracket, and placed in the threaded hole of the bottom bracket, the slot in the top bracket allows adjustment of a width of the width-adjustable bracket until the bolt is tightened into the threaded hole of the bottom bracket. 6. A width adjustable bracket as in claim 5:
wherein when the width adjustable bracket is assembled, the width adjustable bracket includes:
a first foot formed by the top bracket; and
a second foot formed by the bottom bracket. 7. A width adjustable bracket as in claim 5:
wherein when the width adjustable bracket is assembled, the width adjustable bracket includes:
a first foot formed by the top bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the top bracket to the metal roof; and
a second foot formed by the bottom bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the bottom bracket to the metal roof. 8. A width adjustable bracket as in claim 5:
wherein when the width adjustable bracket is assembled, the width adjustable bracket includes:
a first foot formed by the top bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the top bracket to the metal roof, the first foot having a curved shape that conform to a shape of a ridge of a corrugated roof; and
a second foot formed by the bottom bracket that includes holes sized to receive self-tapping screws that secure the bottom bracket to the metal roof, the second foot having a curved shape that conform to the shape of the ridge of the corrugated roof. | 3,600 |
345,699 | 16,804,122 | 3,632 | A sealing device includes a seal member and a slinger. A labyrinth clearance is provided in a part of a clearance between the seal member and the slinger. The labyrinth clearance includes an outer clearance that opens toward the outside, a central clearance which is continuous with the outer clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with that of the outer clearance, and an inner clearance which is continuous with the central clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with that of the central clearance. An opening of the outer clearance has a dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 0.7 mm or smaller. The central clearance has a length of 3 mm or longer in the flow passage direction. The inner clearance has a clearance dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 1.0 mm or smaller. | 1. A sealing device comprising:
an annular seal member mounted on an outer member; and an annular slinger mounted on an inner member that rotates relatively to the outer member, wherein: a labyrinth clearance is provided in a part of a clearance between the annular seal member and the annular slinger; the labyrinth clearance includes an outer clearance that opens toward an outside, a central clearance which is continuous with the outer clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with a flow passage direction of the outer clearance, and an inner clearance which is continuous with the central clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with the flow passage direction of the central clearance; an opening of the outer clearance has a dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 0.7 mm or smaller; the central clearance has a length of 3 mm or longer in the flow passage direction; and the inner clearance has a clearance dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 1.0 mm or smaller. 2. The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the central clearance has a clearance dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 1.0 mm or smaller. 3. The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the inner clearance has a length of 2.5 mm or longer in the flow passage direction. 4. A rolling bearing device comprising:
an outer member; an inner member; a plurality of rolling elements provided between the outer member and the inner member; and a sealing device that prevents foreign objects from entering a bearing inner space which is between the outer member and the inner member and in which the rolling elements are provided, wherein the sealing device is the sealing device according to claim 1. | A sealing device includes a seal member and a slinger. A labyrinth clearance is provided in a part of a clearance between the seal member and the slinger. The labyrinth clearance includes an outer clearance that opens toward the outside, a central clearance which is continuous with the outer clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with that of the outer clearance, and an inner clearance which is continuous with the central clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with that of the central clearance. An opening of the outer clearance has a dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 0.7 mm or smaller. The central clearance has a length of 3 mm or longer in the flow passage direction. The inner clearance has a clearance dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 1.0 mm or smaller.1. A sealing device comprising:
an annular seal member mounted on an outer member; and an annular slinger mounted on an inner member that rotates relatively to the outer member, wherein: a labyrinth clearance is provided in a part of a clearance between the annular seal member and the annular slinger; the labyrinth clearance includes an outer clearance that opens toward an outside, a central clearance which is continuous with the outer clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with a flow passage direction of the outer clearance, and an inner clearance which is continuous with the central clearance and of which a flow passage direction intersects with the flow passage direction of the central clearance; an opening of the outer clearance has a dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 0.7 mm or smaller; the central clearance has a length of 3 mm or longer in the flow passage direction; and the inner clearance has a clearance dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 1.0 mm or smaller. 2. The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the central clearance has a clearance dimension of 0.3 mm or larger and 1.0 mm or smaller. 3. The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the inner clearance has a length of 2.5 mm or longer in the flow passage direction. 4. A rolling bearing device comprising:
an outer member; an inner member; a plurality of rolling elements provided between the outer member and the inner member; and a sealing device that prevents foreign objects from entering a bearing inner space which is between the outer member and the inner member and in which the rolling elements are provided, wherein the sealing device is the sealing device according to claim 1. | 3,600 |
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